text:
Amapulatifomu wezezimali aku-inthanethi asekela ukunikezwa kwemikhiqizo yabo ngochungechunge lwemalimboleko encane, encane, okuyi bakunikeza phakathi kwama-euro angama-50 kuya kwangama-800. Kepha ubusha balesi siphakamiso esiyingqayizivele busezimeni zenkontileka ozothola lapho usayina inkontileka, kude kakhulu nalezo ezinikezwa ngamabhange. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukuvumelana kwayo kucishe kube khona ngokushesha, emahoreni ambalwa kusukela esicelweni sayo, nangenqubo eyenziwe ngokuphelele online. Futhi lokho ungakwenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, noma ngezimpelasonto.
Kepha uma ngesici esithile kudingekile ukuthi uchaze lo mzila okhethekile wezezimali, kungenxa yokuthi uzokwazi ukufinyelela kumalimboleko. Izinqubo zalo zokuphatha zincane, futhi lapho isiphakamiso saso esivelele kunazo zonke yilokho Ngeke kudingeke ukuthi unikele ngeholo ukuze usizakale ezimweni zalo, noma izincomo ezivela kwabanye abantu, njengoba kujwayele ukwenzeka emalimboleko asebhange. Kwezinye izimo, uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luzokwamukelwa ngisho noma uyingxenye yohlu lwabakhokhi (ASNEF, RAI ...).
Nokho, bazokudinga imali engenayo ukuze uphendule ngokwamukelwa komsebenzi, futhi esimweni sokugcina, unganikeza ngesiqinisekiso sakho ngempahla oyithengile (imoto, ikhaya, igalaji, njll.). Lokhu kunikezwa kuzoba semthethweni, noma ngabe ungowesizwe saseSpain, noma uma uvela kwezinye izindawo.
Njengomphumela walokhu, uzobe ubhekene nezimalimboleko ezithile ezincane ezingaxazulula inkinga ethile yokushoda kwemali ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola. Futhi lapho ubhekene nesidingo sokubhekana nezindleko ezincane, ngokuphuthumayo, njengezikweletu zasendlini (amanzi, igesi, ugesi, njll.), isikweletu esinikezwe izinkampani zangaphandle, noma nje ukukhishwa okungalindelekile kubhajethi yakho yomndeni.
Inkomba
Icala lakho lizokubiza malini?
Yimikhiqizo ezuzisa kakhulu izintshisekelo zakho, noma kungenjalo ngaphandle kwezindleko, ezinye zifihlwe ngaphansi kokuphrinta kwazo okuncane. Ngokuvamile amakhomishini awekho kwizivumelwano zawo, ozoqeda ngayo izindleko zalo mqondo.
Kodwa-ke, izimali zabo - okuyindlela 'amapulatifomu abiza ngayo amanani wenzalo abayisebenzisayo - aphezulu kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalawo akhiqizwa ngemali mboleko yasebhange. Ngenjwayelo bayiqembu elingajwayelekile kakhulu elisuka ku-20%, noma kunamamaki adingeka kakhulu. Lesi simo salezi ziteshi zokuxhasa imali sisho ukuthi umzamo wezezimali okufanele uwenze ukuvala ukusebenza unzima kakhulu.
Kepha qaphela kakhulu, ngoba izinkokhelo zakho zingase zibe ngaphezulu uma ungahlangabezani nesikhathi esinqunyiwe sokubuya kwabo. Kulokhu, kuzofanele ubhekane nezinhlawulo okungenzeka zikwenze wabela cishe isigamu semali efunwayo ukukhokha imalimboleko. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, isixazululo sizosuselwa ekuhlaziyweni ngokuningiliziwe isiphakamiso esethulwe kuwe, ekugcineni unqume ukuthi ungasithatha noma cha.
Kusobala ukuthi enye yezikhiye zokugwema ukukweleta okukhulu ngokungenakugwenywa ukuthobela imigomo yokukhokha. Umsebenzi owenziwa ube mubi ngokuwethula ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu zonke. Banesikhathi esiphakathi kwenyanga eyodwa nezimbili. Futhi ukuthi kuziphakamiso zemali encane ziyancishiswa kuze kube yisonto elilodwa. Ukuze ungazitholi sinezigebengu ezizojezisa ama-akhawunti akho, ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle kokuqondiswa isiyalo lapho ubuya. Hhayi ngeze, noma ikuphi ukubambezeleka kuzosho ukushiya ama-euro amaningi usendleleni.
Inqubo yemvume yayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ilula kakhulu. Uma isicelo sakho samukelwa, uzoba nemali emahoreni ambalwa ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola, ngaphandle kokulinda ukwenza ezinye izinqubo zokuphatha. Ukuyisebenzisela noma iyiphi injongo oyibona ifanele, ngoba lolu lwazi ngeke lucelwe nganoma yisiphi isimo. Kusuka ekuthengeni ilaptop, ukukhokhela intela yendlu yakho. Kepha okunye, ngoba amanani ozoklonyeliswa ngawo azohlala enamadijithi amathathu.
Ngezipesheli ezinolaka kakhulu
Kunoma ikuphi, uzothola izimalimboleko ezikhetheke kakhulu, okuyi zinokunikezwa okuningi kokuphromotha ongazuza kukho, ikakhulukazi uma uyikhasimende elisha. Zenzelwe ukudonsa ukunakwa kwabasebenzisi, futhi zinikezwa ngamasu wokuhweba anolaka kakhulu ahlose ukudonsa ukunaka kwamakhasimende angaba khona. Okokuqala, okuvame kakhulu isimemo sokungakhokhi inzalo, ukuze ubuyise kuphela inani elifunwayo, ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe.
Kodwa-ke, le misebenzi izodinga ukufunwa ngaphansi kwamanani aphansi okunikezwayo, ngokuvamile kuze kufike kuma-euro angama-300. Izosebenza kuphela ekusebenzeni kwakho kokuqala nepulatifomu, ukuze kamuva wenze imali ibe semthethweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile ekuqashweni kwakho.
Elinye isu elisetshenziswa ababolekisi be-inthanethi ukukhetha i- ukukhokha okusheshayo, kahle ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Futhi okukuvumela, ukuthi uthole amanani enzalo ancintisana kakhulu ekunikezelweni kwabo, noma ngabe kungenzeka ukwehliswa ngo-20%.
Elinye isu elisetshenziswa ababolekisi lisuselwa ekwethembekeni komkhiqizo.. Ukuze ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuheha amakhasimende amasha, zombili izinhlangano zingazuza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, endala enebhonasi ebalulekile emalimboleko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudluliselwa kuzokuthola okokuqala kungabi nenzalo, okungukuthi, ku-0%. Futhi ngethuba lokuphinda usebenze kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukufaka isicelo, kuleli cala, isu lokukhangisa elijwayelekile kakhulu elisuselwa kweminye imikhakha yezohwebo, kepha kuze kube manje lingakafiki esigabeni sezimali esizimele, ingasaphathwa eyasebhange.
Kufanele ubamangalele nini?
Akungabazeki ukuthi lawa makhredithi amancane angenye yezindlela ongazisebenzisa ngesikhathi sokushoda kwemali kuma-akhawunti akho. Kepha akulungile ukubahlukumeza, ingasaphathwa eyokubaqasha ngokungadingekile. Ezimweni ezithile kuphela, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kungakukhipha kunoma iyiphi inkinga yezezimali obhekene nayo. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma ezinkingeni zakho zezezimali kuzoba ukuqasha owodwa wale mikhiqizo wezezimali.
Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho uzokugwema ukuwela ezimweni ezingaba yinkinga empilweni yakho, uze ufinyelele nasezimweni ezingathandeki kakhulu ezintweni ozithandayo. Uma ufuna ukuwasebenzisa ngokunengqondo, ngeke ube nokunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokubheka lezi zimo ezilandelayo lapho ukusayinwa kwalesi sivumelwano kungakusiza khona.
Nini, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, unqatshelwe ukufinyelela emithonjeni yendabuko yezezimali, noma awukwazi ukunikela ngqo kwiholo, noma okungenani imali engenayo ejwayelekile. Uma ufakiwe kuhlu lwama-defaulters lokho kukuvimbela ekwenzeni lo msebenzi nganoma yiliphi ibhange noma ezinye izinhlangano zezezimali. Kulokhu, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma enkingeni yakho yokuqokwa kwemali kuzoqala ngesicelo senye yalezi mboleko, ukuphuma endleleni.
Ezimweni lapho ukufunwa kwakho kudinga inqubo esheshayo nenqumayo, futhi ungaba nemalimboleko cishe ngaso leso sikhathi. Impela, ngokunikezwa okuvela emabhange ngeke ukwazi ukukwenza ngaphansi kwalezi zici, kepha kuzodinga ukubekezela okuningi kuze kube yimvume yabo yokugcina.
Njengoba ziyimali encane kanjena, kungenzeka ukuthi ibhange lakho elijwayelekile alinasibopho sokuzikhangisa, futhi okuwukuphela kwento ongayithola kungokunye kwalezi zingxenyekazi zezezimali. Uma kungokokuqala ubacela, kusukela Uzokwazi ukusizakala ngokungapheli kokunikezwa kwephromoshini okusiza ukuthi wehlise, noma ususe ngisho izintshisekelo ezisebenza kulezi ziteshi zezezimali.
Izinkinobho eziyisishiyagalombili zokugwema ukubuyela emuva
Njengoba ziyizimalimboleko ezinesici, ikakhulukazi ezisuselwa kumsuka wabanikezeli bazo, kuzodingeka uqaphele kakhulu kwinqubo yabo yokwenza izinto ngokusemthethweni uma ungafuni ukuthola isimanga esingajabulisi lapho uvala ukusebenza. Ngokuqinisekile bazokusiza ukuthi uphume ngokushesha okungaphezu kokukodwa.
Kepha noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwesivumelwano, noma ukukhohlwa nje kwanoma iziphi izigaba zaso kungadala inkinga, futhi uze ukhokhe imali eningi kunokulindelekile ekuqaleni. Ukugwema lezi zigameko, kuzobaluleke kakhulu futhi kube wusizo ukuthi unake izeluleko ezilandelayo esikudalula kuzo kule ndatshana.
- Qiniseka ngenani lenzalo elizosetshenziswa kuwe ngaphambi kokusayina inkontileka, futhi uma ngabe kuhlanganisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlawulo nenani laso ngqo.
- Uma kungokokuqala ukuthi usebenzise ipulatifomu yezezimali, thola ngamaphromoshini abandakanya lesi sigaba samakhasimende, ngoba ungathola ngisho nokukhululeka, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kwenzalo.
- Uma ungakwazi ukuyibuyisa ngokushesha, kuzoba ngcono ukungayiqashi, ngoba impela izimo zayo zikhulu kakhulu futhi kufanele ukhokhe imali eningi kunalokho obekucatshangwa ekuqaleni komsebenzi.
- Njengoba ziyimali encane, ngaphansi kwama-euro angama-800, kufanele usebenzise yonke eminye imithombo yezimali evuna izintshisekelo zakho. Ungamangalela izihlobo zakho, ukhethe ukubolekwa kwemali phakathi kwabantu, noma mhlawumbe ukwenze kube semthethweni ngokukhokha kwakho njengecebo lokukuthola ngezimo ezingcono.
- Zama ukuya kumbolekisi ngubani ikunikeze ukuguquguquka okuthe xaxa ngokuya ngezimo, ukuze ungabi namandla kakhulu ngezikhathi ezibekiwe ukuthi bakunikeza lezi zimali mboleko ezincane. Noma yisiphi isiliphu ungasikhokha kakhulu.
- Funda ukuphrinta okuhle kwenkontileka ngokucophelela, ngoba ingaqukatha isigatshana esihlukumezayo esingathinta izindleko ezingeziwe zokuqashwa kwaso.
- Iziphakamiso eziningi ezinikezwa amapulatifomu aku-inthanethi ziyefana kakhulu, kepha mhlawumbe umehluko omncane ezimweni zayo kungaba yimbangela yokuthi uyikhethe.
- Futhi ekugcineni, khumbula ukuthi imali mboleko kuzofanele ikhokhwe, futhi Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuyiphendulela, kungcono ufune ezinye izindlela, ngisho ezinye zazo ezasekuqaleni.


c: text/html

text:
Izinto ze-alumina ceramic tube zihlukaniswe ngama-95% Al2O3, 99% Al2O3, 99.7Al2O3 ngokwezinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa. Kunamashubhu okuvikela kanye namashubhu okufakelwa ama-thermocouples. Amashubhu okufakwayo angaba eyodwa, kabili, amane, futhi abe nezimbotshana. Ukuma kweshubhu le-ceramic kuyindilinga, isikwele, unxantathu nezinye izimo ezidingwa ikhasimende.
Amashubhu e-alumina nezinduku zitholakala kuzo zonke izimboni zabasebenzisi abaningi njengesixazululo esingabizi kakhulu kodwa esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Inhlanganisela yezakhiwo ezibalulekile izenza umkhiqizo oya kuwo ezimweni eziningi:
Copyright © 2022 Liling xing tai long special ceramic co.,ltd Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
Sawubona mfundi othandekayo, siyakwemukela UniProyecta. Lapha sicabanga lokho imfundo kanye namasiko kufanele kube mahhala kuwo wonke umuntu, owesilisa noma owesifazane, ingane noma umuntu omdala. Ngakho-ke, kuleli khasi uzothola i- ulwazi ebesilokhu sikwenza ngendlela yama-athikili ukukusiza ekuqeqeshweni kwakho. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ungakuthola kanjani okudingayo, sizokusiza ngesifinyezo esifushane salokho ozokuthola kuleli sayithi.
Funda isiFulentshi
Enye yamandla ethu ulimi lwesiFulentshi, esilufunde sibonga izincwadi nokuhambela kulo IFrance neCanada. Kulesi sigaba sinikeza izifundo kuwo wonke amazinga: kusuka ekuqaleni kuya kokuthuthukile kakhulu.
Funda isingisi
Namuhla akunakwenzeka ukungadingi ulwazi lwesiNgisi. Kuhlelo ithelevishini, ukuxhumana nomphakathi nemidlalo yevidiyo uzothola izingxenye noma amagama athathwe esiNgisini. Ngakho-ke, sizilungiselele lezi zihloko funda isi-english futhi uthuthukise izinga lakho.
Ezinye izilimi
Ngokwemvelo, akuzona zonke eziyisiNgisi noma isiFulentshi, kunezinye izilimi eziningi ezinhle kakhulu futhi eziwusizo ongazifunda. IsiRashiya, isiShayina, isiJapane noma isiNtaliyane yizibonelo ezimbalwa nje zalokho esikugcinile.
Izinganekwane zamaGrikhi
Manje sesibuyela esigabeni samasiko, ikakhulukazi sizobheka imvelaphi yethu, iGrisi lasendulo. Akukho okungcono kunendaba emnandi yonkulunkulu namaqhawe okusula ingqondo nokufunda nokhokho bethu.
Cultura
Futhi ekugcineni, kulesi sigaba sifaka konke okungenandawo esigabeni esithile.
Futhi yilokho kuphela! Sithemba ukuthi uyakujabulela ukuhlala kwakho e UniProyecta Futhi khumbula ukuthi uma unemibuzo noma izinkinga ungaxhumana nathi usebenzisa ifomu lokuxhumana noma esigabeni sokuphawula ekupheleni kwesifundo ngasinye. Sanibonani, inethiwekhi!


text:
“Ukungcoliswa kwabamhlophe kuyinselelo enkulu ebhekene nomphakathi wesintu kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho. Kusukela ngekhulu lama-21, kube nomkhuba womhlaba wonke wokonakala kwezinto eziphilayo, futhi amazwe amaningi akhiphe izinqubomgomo eziqinile zokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni. NgoJanuwari 2020, izwe lami futhi laqala ngokusemthethweni "ukukhawulela" iPlastiki "seliphenduke" ukuvinjelwa kwePlastiki ", nakho okuqhuba imboni yamapulasitiki eyonakele kusukela ekunciphiseni kwasekuqaleni kube yisikhathi sentuthuko esheshayo. Ngenxa yentuthuko yokwehla kwesikhathi eside, umncintiswano wamanje wemboni unenxushunxushu futhi awuthathi isinqumo. Kungenzeka ukuthi uqonde izakhi eziyinhloko Yiba ibhizinisi eliholayo futhi uhole iminyaka yegolide.
Lo mbhalo ukhuluma ngamaphoyinti amathathu abalulekile okungena emakethe yamapulasitiki abolayo, okubandakanya "ukuthunyelwa kusenesikhathi, ukugxila kumaphoyinti abalulekile, nokunciphisa izindleko", ukuze kunikezwe ugqozi lokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwezinkampani ezihlobene, ikakhulukazi ukwenza izinqumo nokuphathwa abaphathi bezinkampani.
Kukhishwa "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki", imakethe yamaplastiki eyonakele yaqala ukuqhuma
imakethe yamapulasitiki ebolayo ezweni lami iqale ekuqaleni konyaka we-2012. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesidingo esidangele sasemakethe sokuqala, izindleko eziphezulu zempahla eluhlaza kanye namandla amancane okukhiqiza, intuthuko yonke yale mboni iye yahamba kancane. Ezinye izinkampani ezingene emakethe phambilini sezize zaphoqeleka ukuthi ziguquke ngenxa yokushoda kwama-oda isikhathi eside. Kuze kube nguJanuwari 2020, kukhishwe "Imibono Ngokuqhubeka Nokuqinisa Ukwelashwa Kokungcola Kweplastiki" (ngemuva kwalokhu okubizwa nge- "Plastic Prohibition Order"), edinga ukwenqatshelwa nokuvinjelwa okuhlelekile kokukhiqizwa, ukuthengiswa nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ethile yepulasitiki, ngenkuthalo ukugqugquzela imikhiqizo ehlukile, futhi ngokulandela ngokusemthethweni "Amaplastikhi alinganiselwe" aphenduke "Amapulasitiki Avinjelwe" (bheka Umfanekiso 1).
Kuthintwe yilokhu, imakethe yamapulasitiki abolayo, okuthatha indawo yamapulasitiki endabuko, ikhule kakhulu, futhi ama-oda akhuphuke kakhulu. Ngesikhathi “soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu” lwe-14, imakethe yamapulasitiki angaboliseka kalula izokhula ngezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe elingu-11.3% futhi ifinyelele kuma-500 Isilinganiso semali engaphezulu kwezigidi eziyi-100 zama-yuan (bheka Umfanekiso 2).
Ngasikhathi sinye, intengo yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ecekeceke inyukile ngonyaka owedlule. Isibonelo, intengo ye-PLA ngaphambi kokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki kwakungu-20,000 yuan / ton, kanti intengo yemakethe kwezinye izindawo ifinyelele kuma-yuan / ton ayi-50,000. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngqo inzuzo ephelele yemboni. Isibonelo, imikhawulo yenzuzo enkulu yezinkampani ezihola phambili njengeKingfa Technology neYifan Pharmaceutical icishe ibe ngama-40% ngonyaka wezi-2019 nowe-2020, okuwukukhuphuka okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa no-2018 (bheka Umfanekiso 3).
Izinyathelo ezintathu ezingena emakethe yamaplastiki eyonakele
1. Isakhiwo sokuqala
Ngenxa yokwehla kwemakethe isikhathi eside ezinsukwini zokuqala, umthamo wokukhiqiza wasekhaya wamapulasitiki abolayo ubukhula kancane. Ngokwezibalo, kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2020, lesi sibalo sinezinga lokukhula ngonyaka elihlanganisiwe elingu-9.63%, futhi sizofinyelela kumathani angama-480,000 ngonyaka ngonyaka ka-2020. Isidingo semakethe singamathani ayi-640,000 ngonyaka, kanti igebe lomthamo likhulu ngokwengeziwe (bheka Umfanekiso 4).
Ngasikhathi sinye, izikhala zamandla okukhiqiza zabakhiqizi abakhulu zincane kakhulu. Amasheya amathathu aphezulu emakethe eKingfa Technology, eLongdu Tianren Biology, naseYunyoucheng Biology azoba namathani ayi-70,000 / ngonyaka kanye namathani ayi-50,000 / ngonyaka ngokulandelana ngo-2020, amathani ayi-50,000 / ngonyaka. Kungashiwo ukuthi noma ngubani ozohola ekuqedeleni ukwakheka kwamandla wokukhiqiza uzokwazi ukusebenzisa ithuba lokuthola isabelo esikhulu, futhi akunzima ukubamba ngemuva.
Kepha "isikhathi asilindi muntu," futhi ukuncintisana okuqinisayo akunakugwenywa ngokuzayo. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi izinkampani njengamanje zikhula ngenkuthalo, futhi zizokhulisa amandla wokukhiqiza ahleliwe angaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-8 / ngonyaka eminyakeni embalwa ezayo (okuyiPBAT, i-PLA, ne-PHA okungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-3.48 / ngonyaka, amathani ayizigidi ezingama-3.46 / ngonyaka , kanye namathani ayi-100,000 / ngonyaka ngokulandelana), Amathani ayizigidi ezi-3.7 kuphela omthamo wokukhiqiza osanda kufakwa aqinisekisiwe kusuka ku-2021 kuya ku-2022. Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yezikhala zezimali, abakhiqizi abakhulu nabo bathathe izinyathelo eziningi futhi bakhombisa amakhono abo omlingo. Isibonelo, uChanghong Hi-Tech umemezele ngoMeyi 21, 2021, uhlelo lokukhishwa kwesibopho esiguqukayo, oluhlela ukukhipha amabhondi ezinkampani aguqukayo ngenani eliphelele elingaphezu kwama-yuan ayizigidi ezingama-700 (okubandakanya). , Isikhathi seminyaka eyisithupha, izimali eziqoqiwe zihlelelwe ukuthi zisetshenziselwe “amaphrojekthi angama-600,000 wephrojekthi yokutshalwa kwezimboni ye-thermoplastics ngokuphelele (isigaba sokuqala) sokutshalwa kwemali kwesibili”; Jindan Technology kanye isimemezelo izinguquko iphrojekthi izimali ngenhloso ngoJanuwari 2021, ngokuhlanganiswa "ukuvinjelwa amapulasitiki" Ukuze izinqubomgomo kanye isimo esizayo emakethe materials evundisayo inkampani ' s Ukuphathwa ukholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba ngokufanele ukunweba polylactic acid ukukhiqizwa umthamo amathani 10,000 yakhelwe ekuqaleni. Njengamanje, inkampani ' s ibhodi labaqondisi uhlela izisebenzi efanele ukuhlaziya kanye ukubonisa zibheke ekwandiseni isikali utshalomali wale phrojekthi. Nohlelo lokuqalisa.
2. Bamba amaphuzu asemqoka
Ngokwe- "Plastic Prohibition Order" yango-2020, kunezinhlobo ezine zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki evinjelwe kakhulu: izikhwama zeplastiki, i-tableware elahlwayo elahlwayo, imikhiqizo epulasitiki elahlwayo emahhotela kanye nokupakisha kwepulasitiki, ukukhiqizwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezincanyana kanye ne-ultra- amafilimu ezolimo amancane Futhi ukuthengisa nakho kunqunyelwe. Njengamanje, inani lokushintshwa kweplastikhi elonakele kulezi zimboni liphansi, eliphakeme kakhulu ngama-25% embonini yezokuxhumana, kanti eliphansi kakhulu lingu-3% embonini yamafilimu ezolimo, eyehla kunenani elijwayelekile lokufaka esikhundleni lama-30% I-United States, iNetherlands namanye amazwe (bheka Umfanekiso 6).
Ngokuzayo, amapulasitiki abolayo ngokubola kulindeleke ukuthi asheshise ukuthandwa kwawo emikhakheni eminingi njengokulethwa okuvezwa, ukuthatha, izikhwama zokuthenga, njalonjalo. Kunconywa ukugxila ekunakekeleni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kuyathandwa, futhi kunesidingo esinamandla sezindlela zokupakisha ezizwakalayo. Uchungechunge lwezindinganiso zikazwelonke ze- “Express Packaging Supplies” olwakhishwa ngo-2018 luqale lwaphakamisa ukuthi “ukupakisha okuveziwe kufanele kusetshenziswe amapulasitiki abolayo”. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukulethwa kwempahla yasekhaya kuzodla cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.52 wamapulasitiki angonakala ngo-2025.
Ama-takeaways akhula ngokushesha, futhi kunethuba elikhulu lokushintshwa kwe-tableware elahlwayo. Ku-2017, iMeituan Takeaway, izinhlangano zezimboni kanye nemikhiqizo eminingi yokupheka ngokuhlanganyela yethule i- "Green Takeaway Industry Convention (Green Ten Articles)". Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imboni yokuthengisa yasekhaya neyangaphandle izodla cishe amathani angama-460,000 wamapulasitiki abolayo ngo-2025.
Kwezinye izimo, isidingo sezikhwama zokuthenga sizinzile, futhi izinga lokungena elonakele lidinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Yize ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zokuthenga epulasitiki kwehle kakhulu selokhu kwakhangiswa "umthetho wokuvimbela amapulasitiki" ngo-2008, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zokuthenga ngepulasitiki kube nzima ukwehla ngenxa yesidingo esisele esisele kwezinye izimo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imboni yezikhwama zokuthenga yasekhaya izodla cishe amapulasitiki angama-240,000 abolayo ngo-2025. Ton.
Ifilimu yendabuko yezolimo inokungcola okukhulu, futhi imboni inendawo eyanele yokufaka okunye. Amafilimu endabuko e-polyethylene asetshenziswa kakhulu eChina, entula izindlela zokwelashwa ezisebenzayo, futhi anomthelela omkhulu enhlabathini nasezitshalweni. Amafilimu we-mulching abolayo angaba nentuthuko enhle, kepha izinga lokukhula lonke lemboni lihamba kancane. Isidingo kulindeleke ukuthi sibe ngamathani ayi-150,000 ngonyaka ka-2025.
3. Nciphisa izindleko
Intengo yamaplastikhi angenakonakala njenge-PP, i-PET, i-PE iphansi, kanti intengo yamapulasitiki angawohloka iphezulu kakhulu kunabo. Njengamanje, amanani entengo epulasitiki ashubile ajwayelekile afana ne-PLA, PHA, ne-PBAT angama-RMB 16,000 kuya ku-RMB 30,000 / ton no-RMB 40,000 / ton ngokulandelana. Amathani, cishe ama-yuan / amathani ayi-14,000 kuya ku-25,000, okuyizikhathi eziphindwe ka-2 ~ ka-5 ngentengo ye-PE, kanti inani le-PCL liphakeme kakhulu njengama-70,000 yuan / ton, okuyizikhathi eziphindwe ka-9.5 kunentengo ye-PE (bona Umfanekiso 7).
Izintengo eziphakeme zezinto ezingavuthiwe, amazinga obuchwepheshe aphansi, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi yizizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko eziholela kumanani aphezulu opulasitiki abonakalisayo ezweni lami. Ukuthatha i-PLA njengesibonelo, indlela yesinyathelo esisodwa inezindleko eziphansi kepha ikhwalithi engalungile, futhi indlela yezinyathelo ezimbili inekhwalithi enhle kakhulu. Kungumzila wamanje wokuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile, kepha izindleko ziphakeme, cishe izikhathi eziyi-2.3 kulezo zinyathelo ezilodwa. Ukwenza kanjani ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu nezindleko eziphansi kuyisihluthulelo sokwengeza ukungena nokuwina ukuncintisana kwezimakethe: Isibonelo, iTotal Corbion, inkampani ehlangene yeNatureWorks e-United States, iTotal eFrance, neCorbion eNetherlands, inezindleko eziphansi kanye nenqubo yokulungiselela ubumsulwa obuphakeme bokulungiswa kwabaphakathi kwe-PLA - i- lactide Ehola imakethe yomhlaba, isabelo samandla ku-2020 sizofinyelela ku-29.04% naku-14.52% (Umdwebo 8)
Ngokubhekisisa leli lizwe, izinkampani ezihola phambili nazo zisebenza kanzima ukugqobhoza izithiyo zobuchwepheshe nge-R & D ezimele kanye ne-R & D yokubambisana ukuze zithole izinzuzo zezindleko. Isibonelo, iZhejiang Hisun kanye neChangchun Institute of Applied Chemistry ngokuhlanganyela bakhiqize inqubo yobuchwepheshe be-lactide, ekhiqize ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi futhi yazitholela ukuziphakela okuyingxenye; ICOFCO Technology neBelgian Gelat ngokuhlanganyela basungule isitshalo se-corn-lactic acid-lactide-polylactic acid e-Anhui. Isisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwayo yonke imboni yezimboni ngokuyisisekelo sifunde ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-lactide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Institute of Physics and Chemistry ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences isungule ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza be-PBAT ngezindleko eziphansi, izakhiwo eziphezulu zemishini, nokuphepha okuhle kwebhayoloji. Izinkampani ezinjengeHuiying New Materials, iJinhui Zhaolong neYuetai Biotechnology zithole ilungelo lokuzisebenzisa ngokugunyazwa, nazo ezixazululeke ngezinga elithile. Inkinga yezindleko eziphezulu.
Isikhathi Iposi: Jul-23-2021


text:
I-Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate
Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo
Omaka bomkhiqizo
I-Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate,ebizwa futhi I-Ascorbyl Tetra-2-Hexyldecanoate,kuyi-molecule etholakala kuvithamini C kanye ne-isopalmitic acid. Imiphumela yomkhiqizo ifana naleyo kavithamini C, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iyakwazi ukwenza njenge-antioxidant.I-Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-oxidizing agents, afaka isandla ekulimaleni kwamangqamuzana ngemva kokuchayeka ezingozini ze-UV noma zamakhemikhali.I-prodcut ingavikela emonakalweni we-DNA kanye nokuba mnyama kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukuchayeka kwe-UV. Futhi, ukubukeka kwesikhumba okubukwayo nakho kuyathuthukiswa ngumkhiqizo, njengoba kukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-collagen futhi kusebenza njenge-agent e-hydrating ekwehliseni ukuhwaqeka kwesikhumba.
Amapharamitha Abalulekile Wezobuchwepheshe:
Izicelo:
* * Ukuvikelwa kokulimala kwelanga * * Ukulungisa umonakalo welanga
* * I-Antioxidant * * I-Moisturizing kanye ne-hydration
* * Khuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen * * Ukukhanyisa nokukhanya
* * Yelapha i-hyperpigmentation
Izakhiwo Nezinzuzo:
*Ukumuncwa kwe-percutaneous okuphezulu
*Ivimbela umsebenzi we-intracellular tyrosinase ne-melanogenesis (umhlophe)
*Yehlisa ukulimala kweseli/i-DNA eyenziwe yi-UV (ukuvikelwa kwe-UV / anti-stress)
*Ivikela i-lipid peroxidation kanye nokuguga kwesikhumba (i-anti-oxidant)
*Ukuncibilika okuhle emafutheni ezimonyo ajwayelekile
*Umsebenzi ofana ne-SOD (i-anti-oxidant)
*I-Collagen synthesis kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-collagen (anti-ukuguga)
*Ukushisa- kanye ne-oxidation-zinzile
I-Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitateisebenza njenge-antioxidant enamandla kanye ne-ejenti emhlophe, enakho kokubili ukulwa nezinduna kanye namandla okulwa nokuguga. Iwuhlobo olunamandla, oluncibilika kuwoyela lwe-Vitamin C Ester. Njengezinye izinhlobo ze-Vitamin C, isiza ukuvimbela ukuguga kwamaselula ngokuvimbela ukuxhumanisa kwe-collagen, i-oxidation yamaprotheni, kanye ne-lipid peroxidation. Iphinde isebenze ngokubambisana ne-antioxidant Vitamin E, futhi ibonise ukumuncwa okuphakeme kwe-percutaneous nokuzinza. Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwaqinisekisa ukukhanyisa kwesikhumba, ukuvikela isithombe, kanye nemiphumela yokuphuza amanzi engaba nayo esikhumbeni. Ngokungafani ne-L-Ascorbic acid, I-Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate ngeke ikhiphe noma icasule isikhumba. Ibekezelelwa kahle ngisho nezinhlobo zesikhumba ezibucayi kakhulu. Futhi ngokungafani ne-Vitamin C evamile, ingasetshenziswa ngemithamo ephezulu, futhi kuze kube yizinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili ngaphandle kwe-oxidizing.


text:
• Injini yokushayela imvamisa eguquguqukayo
• Isibonisi se-LCD nedijithali.
• Igumbi lensimbi engagqwali, isivalo se-electronic lock, ukuvikela ukungalingani
• Amazinga angu-.40 okusheshisa nokunciphisa, futhi ingagcina izinhlelo zabasebenzisi abangu-12.
• Ukuxilongwa kwephutha okuzenzakalelayo.
• Izinhlelo ze-RCF zingasethwa ngokuqondile.
• Ithatha ukungenisa isilawuli esidumile sefrikhwensi, lawula isivinini ngokunembile futhi iqine
• Amapharamitha wokusebenza angashintshwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza
• Umzimba wensimbi yonke, insimbi enezingqimba ezintathu ukuze uphephe
• I-centrifuge isebenzisa i-gyroscope yama-axis amathathu ukuze igade yonke ibhalansi eguquguqukayo.


text:
Imishini yokupakisha ezenzakalelayo yezitini kulula ukuyisebenzisa? Impendulo ithi cha
Izitini zokupakisha okuzenzakalelayo kulula ukuzisebenzisa? Impendulo ithi cha
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho wezwe embonini yezitini nethayela, ukuncintisana embonini yezitini nethayela kuya ngokuya kuba nolaka. Amabhizinisi amaningi wezitini nethayela ayaphithizela ukuthola izindlela zokwehlisa izindleko zabasebenzi. Okwebhizinisi lezitini nethayela, ngenkathi kwenziwa umkhiqizo, intengo enkulu yezindleko yimali kagesi kanye nezindleko zabasebenzi bezitini.
Kungenxa yalesi simo lapho amakhasimende amaningi esejahe khona, efuna ukufeza ngokweqiniso imishini yokupakisha ezenzakalelayo, ukuze wehlise izindleko ukufeza izindleko ezithile zemakethe.Lapha futhi iningi labasebenzisi lihlaziya ukuthi kungani ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ezenzakalelayo akunconyiwe.
Eqinisweni, ekwakhiweni kwemishini yokupakisha ezenzakalelayo, isizathu esididayo kakhulu kumabhizinisi wethu wokukhiqiza i-palletizing ezenzakalelayo, okungeke kwenzeke ukuyifeza kepha kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kwamakhasimende ethu wezitini nethayela.
1. Ukunamathela kwezitini namathayili. Ngemuva kokuthi izitini namathayili kusonjululwe ngemikhiqizo eseqedile, kuzoba nokunamathela phakathi kwezingxenye ezingenhla nezingezansi zezinto zokusetshenziswa ngobumba ngemuva kokugcotshwa, okuzoholela ekuvinjelweni kokugcotshwa ngaphambili futhi kuholele ekuhlulekeni okulandelayo qhubeka;
2. Izinga lokuguqulwa kwezitini namathayili likhulu ngemuva kokumunca lapho kushisa kakhulu, futhi umehluko phakathi kwezitini nezitini mkhulu, okuholela ekuweni kwepalletizer ekubambeni.
3. Izinga lokulimala kwezitini namathayili. Ngemuva kokuncibilika, ngenxa yokungazinzi kwempahla eluhlaza, amandla wezitini namathayili azokwanela futhi umonakalo uzokwenzeka ekubambeni, okuzoholela kwimodi yokupakisha ezenzakalelayo ehlukanisiwe esikhathini esizayo.
Lokhu okungenhla kuyimbangela enkulu yemishini yokupakisha ezenzakalelayo embonini yezitini ayifanele kakhulu ukusetshenziswa njengamanje; Ngakho-ke njengamanje, indlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokwehlisa izindleko zabasebenzi ukusebenzisa ukulengisa imishini yokupakisha othomathikhi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomthamo wokukhiqiza nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile.
Ikhasi Langaphambili: Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-baler ye-semi-othomathikhi ne-baler ye-PP ezenzakalelayo
Ikhasi elilandelayo: Ingabe kufanele ngabe i-Brick Plant Packing Sebenzisa Imishini?


text: I-Strain clamp (uhlobo lwebholithi) i-NLD yochungechunge lwe-bolt tension clamp isetshenziswa kakhulu emigqeni yamandla kagesi emile noma esiteshini esincane, ulayini wokuqhuba omile kanye nomqhubi wombani futhi ibuye isetshenziswe ekuhlanganiseni ama-insulators obunzima ngokuhlanganisa ihadiwe noma ngokuhlanganisa umqhubi wombani ne-perch.Umzimba we-clamp kanye nabagcini yinsimbi ethambileyo, i-cotter-pin stainess steelwork, ezinye izingxenye ziyinsimbi.Amandla okubamba i-clamp angaphezu kwama-95% wamandla ekhefu kakhondakta.Ca...


text:
Primary tabs
Isitatimende Somhlangano WeKhabhinethi wangomhla zingama-31 Ncwaba 2016
1. Ukuqaliswa kokusebenza Kwezinhlelo Zikahulumeni Ezisemqoka
1.1. UMongameli uJacob Zuma uhole ithimba lezithunywa zikaHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika ebelihambele Inkomfa yama-36 Ejwayelekile Yezinhloko Zemibuso Yenhlangano Ethuthukisa Amazwe aseNingizimu ne-Afrika (i-SADC) ebanjwe kusukela mhla zingama-30 kuya mhla zingama-31 kuNcwaba ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi: “Ukunxenxwa Kwezinsiza ukuze Kutshalwe Izimali Kwingqalasizinda Eqinile Yezamandla ukuze Kwenziwe i-SADC Engosozimboni Ngokuphelele kanye Nokuqhakaza Kwesifunda”.
Inkomfa igxile esidingweni sokwenza ngcono kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nengqalasizinda ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuqiniswa kwezohwebo ngaphakathi esifundeni ukuze kubhekanwe nohlelo lwe-SADC lokuthuthukiswa okuqinile.
Maqondana nesimo sezepolitiki nezovikeleka esifundeni, ukugxila kubekwe ezinguqukweni zomthethosisekelo, nasemkhakheni kahulumeni kanye nokuvikeleka ezweni laseLesotho, ukubuyisana kuzwelonke, ukuqaliswa kokusebenza Komkhombandlela we-SADC maqondana neMadagascar kanye nenkulumo-mpendulwano kazwelonke maqondana namalungiselelo okhetho lukazwelonke oluzoba se-Democratic Republic of the Congo.
IKhabhinethi ihlanganyela kanye noMongameli uJacob Zuma ngokudlulisa amazwi okubonga Emazweni Angamalungu e-SADC ngeqholo lokuqoka iNingizimu Afrika njengoSihlalo ozothatha izintambo we-SADC ngoNcwaba 2017.
1.2. IKhabhinethi iyamukele ingqophamlando Yotshalomali lwezigidigidi eziyi-11 zamarandi olwenziwe ngabe-Beijing Automobile International Corporation (i-BAIC) ukuze kusungulwe inkampani ezokhiqiza izimoto Esizindeni Sokuthuthukiswa Kwezimboni saseCoega.
Lesi sivumelwano siwutshalomali olukhulukazi lwezezimoto e-Afrika eminyakeni engama-40 futhi siqinisekisa izwe njengendawo ehamba phambili yokutshalwa kwezimali yabakhiqizi bezezimoto emhlabeni wonke jikelele.Lokhu kuvunyelwe ukwenzeka ngenxa yezinqubomgomo zaseNingizimu Afrika ezeseka imiklamo yotshalomali, ikakhulukazi Uhlelo Lokukhiqizwa kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezezimoto oseluhehe abakhiqizi bezezimoto abavela emhlabeni wonkana.
Utshalomali lwe-BAIC lungumphumela weSigcawu Sokubambisana phakathi kweChina ne-Afrika (i-FOCAC) esasibanjelwe eGoli ngoZibandlela 2015, lapho uMongameli uJacob Zuma kanye noNdunankulu waseChina u-Xi Jinping bacikica khona izivumelwano phakathi kwala mazwe mabili ezingekho ngaphansi kwama-26 ezibiza inani elilinganiselwa ezigidigidini eziyi-100 zamarandi.
Lo mklamo ubeka isifundazwe saseMpumalanga Kapa njengesilulu sokukhiqizwa kwezezimoto futhi unamandla okujulisa uchungechunge lokuphakelwa kwazo, ukusungulwa kwamathuba omsebenzi kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho. Kulindeleke ukuba usungule imisebenzi eyizi-2 500 ngaphakathi kule nkampani yokukhiqiza izimoto kanye nemisebenzi engaphezu kwezi-10 600 kwezinye izinkampani ezisebenzisana nayo.
Phambilini kulo nyaka uToyota wamemezela ukuthi uzokhiqiza uhlobo olusha lezimoto ze-Toyota Hilux ne-Fortuner njengengxenye yotshalomali lwezigidigidi eziyi-6.1 zamarandi ngenkathi u-BMW uzokwakha isitolo esisezingeni lomhlaba sokukhandwa komzimba wemoto.
Lolu tshalozimali luyasiza ukuthuthukisa izinto zethu zikazwelonke eziseqhulwini zokuphemba kabusha ukukhula komnotho, ukolondoloza imisebenzi ekhona kanye nokusungula eminye ethe xaxa kwezomnotho.
1.3. IKhabhinethi iyakwamukela ukwethulwa Kwesikhungo sokuqala Sezezimali Somfelandawonye Wabantu Besifazane Basemakhaya Kwezobuciko Nokubaza okwenziwe nguNgqongqoshe Wezokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Ezisemakhaya Nezinguquko Kwezomhlaba, uGugile Nkwinti.
Isikhungo Sezezimali Semifelandawonye esaziwa ngokuthi i-Mzansi Rural Arts and Craft Financial Institution Cooperative, esabhaliswa phambilini kulo nyaka, sizosebenza njengesithangami sokubhanga sababazi basemakhaya abangamalungu emifelandawonye eyasungulwa KwaZulu-Natali, eMpumalanga Kapa, eLimpopo naseMpumalanga.
Isikhungo sivumela laba bantu besifazane ukuba bakwazi ukufinyelela Uhlelo Lokukhokhelwa Lukazwelonke, imisebenzi ezenzekela yona, ukubika okushaya emhloleni nokunobuhlakani futhi sizovumela amalungu ukuba akwazi ukukhipha imali ezisefweni lapho ethenga ezitolo, kuma-ATM kanye nezinye izikhungo zezezimali zemifelandawonye eNingizimu Afrika yonkana.
Eminye yemiphumela esemqoka yokwesekwa okuhlinzekiwe ibandakanya ukutholwa kwezitifiketi zokubhalisa ezisemthethweni, ama-akhawunti asebhange, izitifiketi zentela kanye nokuxhumekeka ezimakethe ezintsha zalapha ezweni ngaphakathi kanye nasezimakethe zasemazweni angaphandle. Lolu hlelo luwumzamo obumbene wokufukula abantu besifazane abasezindaweni ezisemakhaya abanamakhono kanye nolwazi lokusungula amabhizinisi ayimpumelelo.
1.4. Ukwethulwa kwenqubomgomo ka-50/50 nguNgqongqoshe Wezokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Ezisemakhaya kanye Nezinguquko Kwezomhlaba, sekubonise ipulazi lokuqala lingena esigabeni sokuhlongozwa Kohlaka Lokusebenza Lenqubomgomo maqondana Nokulwela Amalungelo Athile Abantu Abasebenza Umhlaba, KwaZulu-Natali.
Ipulazi iWestcliffe elinamahekthare angama-514 lakhiwe ngamahekthare angama-270 omoba, amahekthare ayi-140 emithi yokwenza amapulangwe kanye namahekthare ayi-10 emisebenzi yokuniselwa kweklabishi. Lesi sivumelwano sizobonisa abasebenzi kanye nabanikazi bamapulazi beba ngabanikazi ngokuhlanganyela bamabhizinisi okulima kumasipala wendawo yaseMshwathi, eduze naseGreytown.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, inqubomgomo ihlose ukuvikela ubude besikhathi sokusebenza sabasebenzi basemapulazini ngenkathi ifuna ukuguqula ukhondolo lobunikazi bomhlaba ezweni kanye nokunikeza abasebenzi amandla ukuze bakwazi ukuzitholela izabelo emabhizinisini okulima. Uhlaka lokusebenza lenqubomgomo ka-50/50 luhlose futhi ukwenza ngcono ukuguqulwa kwezomnotho womkhakha wezolimo.
1.5. Ingqungquthela yowezi-2016 maqondana Nokuguqulwa Kwabezindaba Bamaphepha ebisingethwe nguMnyango Wezokuxhumana ukudingida ngokuguquko kanye nobungxubevange kwabezindaba bakuleli nakuba kuhlinzekwe ngenkundla kubabambiqhaza abanhlobonhlobo emkhakheni wabezindaba ukudingida izindaba eziseqhulwini zokuguqulwa kwabemithombo yezindaba baleli lizwe, ukuziphendulela kanye nobungxubevange.
Ingqungquthela, ebigxile kubo bonke ababambiqhaza emkhakheni wabemithombo yezindaba bamaphepha, kusukela kubanikazi kuya ekugayweni kwamaphepha, ukusatshalaliswa kwawo, ucwaningo kanye nokukhangisa, izokuba yisisekelo sesihloko socwaningo oluhlobene nokuguqulwa kanye nokushintshwa kwabemithombo yezindaba bakudala kanye nabasha eNingizimu Afrika.
1.6. INingizimu Afrika iqopha Inyanga Yezokuvakasha ngoMandulo ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi: “Ezokuvakasha Zawo Wonke Umuntu” ukugqugquzela izinto ezinikezelwa yizindawo ezinothile zokuvakasha zaleli lizwe kubo bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika.
IKhabhinethi ikhuthaza bonke abantu ukuba basebenzisane ndawonye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imigoqwane evimbela ukufinyeleleka iyasuswa futhi bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayanikezwa ithuba, futhi kuvuselelwa intshisekelo yabo yokuhambela izwe lethu elihlwabusayo nelihle kakhulu.
1.7. Sinxusa bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ukuba bagubhe amasiko ahlukahlukene esizwe sethu njengoba izwe liqopha Inyanga Yamagugu ngoMandulo ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi: “Amagugu Angabantu kanye Nezingqalabutho: Amagugu ethu Aphilayo”.
Abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayakhuthazwa ukuba bazigqaje ngamagugu ethu aphilayo futhi badlale indima ebonakalayo ukuwahlonipha, ukuwakhuthaza kanye nokuwalondoloza. Kubalulekile ukuthi njengesizwe sigubhe Amagugu ethu Angabantu Abasaphila kuzo zonke izingxenye zemiphakathi yethu.
Isikhumbuzo semigubo yalo nyaka siqopha iminyaka engama-20 kusukela Usuku Lwamagugu lwamenyezelwa ngowe-1996 futhi kufanele sisebenzise lolu suku ukusingatha amagugu ethu ahlanganyelwe ukwakhela phezu kwenqubekelaphambili yethu esiyenziwe kusukela ngowe-1994 ekusunguleni iNingizimu Afrika ebumbene.
1.8. IKhabhinethi ithiwe fahla fahla maqondana neNyanga Yemisebenzi Kahulumeni yowezi-2016 ngenyanga kaMandulo ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi “Udaba Lwemisebenzi Kahulumeni Lokukhula Okuphelele Lubalulekile: Ukubeka i-Batho Pele kwelinye izinga ukuqhubekisela Imisebenzi Kahulumeni Phambili”.
Inyanga Yemisebenzi Kahulumeni yalo nyaka iphinde yenzeke phakathi naphakathi nehlandla likahulumeni owathatha izintambo zokubusa ngowezi-2014 kanye nangemuva kwenyanga eyodwa nje kudlule ukhetho lohulumeni bezindawo. Lolu hlelo oludonsa inyanga yonke luyingxenye esemqoka Yobuqhinga Bokuvuselela i-Batho Pele obuhlose ukwakha kabusha imigomo yokuziphatha kahle, ukuzethemba, ukuzigqaja kanye nobungoti bezisebenzi zikahulumeni ekuhlinzekweni kwezimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo zikahulumeni.
Abasebenzi Bemisebenzi Kahulumeni kuhulumeni wonkana bazosebenzisa le nyanga ukuxoxisana kanye nokubonisana nezakhamuzi kanye nabanye ababambiqhaza bakahulumeni mayelana nesidingo sokuhanjiswa ngendlela egculisayo kwezidingongqangi. Lokhu kuyingxenye yokuqinisa ukuqaliswa kokusebenza koHlelo Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezwe ngokuba negalelo maqondana nokwakha isizwe esinamandla esidlala indima ethuthukisayo kanye nenoguquko.
1.9. Isonto Lonyaka Lama-Thusong Service Centre kusukela mhla ziyi-19 kuya mhla zingama-23 Mandulo 2016 lizobanjwa ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi: “Ama-Thusong Service Centre – Ukuqhubezela Imisebenzi Kahulumeni phambili: Sindawonye, Siyanakekela, Siyasebenza”. Leli sonto liqhakambisa ulwazi lukahulumeni, izinsizakalo kanye namathuba atholakalayo ema-Thusong Service Centre ezweni lonkana. Imicimbi isihleliwe ukugubha leli sonto kanye nokudweba isithombe sezinto esezizuzwe yilezi zikhungo kusukela zasungulwa ngowe-1999.
1.10. Uhulumeni wethule uphawu Lohlelo Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezwe (i-NDP) kanye neqhinga lokuxhumana. Izimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-NDP zizohlanganisa futhi zidwebe isithombe semizamo kahulumeni maqondana nenqubekelaphambili esiyenziwe ekuqalisweni kokusebenza kwe-NDP ngokusebenzisa uphawu olubonakalayo.
2. Izinqumo zeKhabhinethi eziqavile
2.1. IKhabhinethi igunyaze indlela yokusebenza efaka konke yeNingizimu Afrika yokubamba iqhaza kwayo kwi-G20 yalo nyaka engaphansi kweHhovisi likaMongameli waseChina, yamukele indikimba efaka konke yokusebenza “Maqondana Nomnotho Womhlaba Wonke Oqanjwe Kabusha, Onomdlandla, Obumbene futhi Obanzi”.
Ukugxila okukhulu kwe-G20 kumaqondana nokukhuphula ukubambisana phakathi kwamazwe amaningi ukwenzela ukusimama komnotho womhlaba wonke, ukuletha uzinzo ohlelweni lwezezimali lomhlaba wonke, ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuqinile komnotho kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuqinisa ukulawulwa kwezomnotho womhlaba wonke.
UMongameli uJacob Zuma uzohambela Inkomfa ye-G20 eHangzhou, eChina mhla zizi-4 nangamhla zi-5 kuMandulo 2016. Ukubamba iqhaza kweNingizimu Afrika kwi-G20 kwenzelwa ukuhlinzeka ngomcabango onobuqhinga ekusunguleni isithangami sezinqubomgomo zezomnotho kanye nezamazwe omhlaba esizogqugquzela futhi sixoxisane ngemiphumela engungqaphambili yeNingizimu Afrika, iAfrika kanye namazwe asathuthukayo. Inkomfa ye-G20, okokuqala emlandweni, izokwephula irekhodi ngokuhanjelwa yinqwaba yamazwe asathuthukayo.
2.2. Ukukhishwa Kwezibalo Zonyaka Zobugebengu zowezi-2015/16, eziqokelelwe enqolobaneni yolwazi bobugebengu obubikwe emazingeni eziteshi zamaphoyisa futhi bagunyazwa buzoshicilelwa mhla zi-2 kuMandulo 2016.
Ukukhishwa kwezibalo kunegalelo maqondana nomphumela onobuqhinga othi ‘Bonke abantu eNingizimu Afrika baphephile futhi bazizwa bephephile’.
Izibalo zobugebengu ziyinkomba ebalulekile yempi kahulumeni yokulwisana nobugebengu ngokubambisana nemiphakathi, abasebenzi kanye nabamabhizinisi. Izibalo kumele zibhekwe ngaphakathi kwengqikithi yokukhula kwabantu kanye nesimo sezomnotho.
2.3. IKhabhinethi yamukele umbiko maqondana Nemiphumela Yomhlangano Weshumi Nambili Wengqungquthela Yamazwe Angamalunga Esivumelwano Sezizwe Ezihlangene Sokunqanda Ukuba Ugwadule Komhlaba (i-UNCCD COP12) owawubanjelwe e-Ankara, eTurkey kusukela mhla ziyi-12 kuya mhla zingama-23 Mfumfu 2015.
INingizimu Afrika yahlonzwa njengomunye wabahlomuli bohlelo lokweseka ukumiswa kwezinjongo ze-UNCCD, oluzosiza amazwe ukuba azakhele ezawo izinjongo zikazwelonke zokuzithandela ngokuhambelana nezimo zikazwelonke kanye nezinto eziseqhulwini zentuthuko.
INingizimu Afrika iyakwamukela ukufaka umhlaba wonke kweSivumelwano kanye nesidingo sokusiza wonke amazwe ahlukunyezwe ukuba ugwadule komhlaba, ukuguguleka komhlaba kanye nesomiso nokuzoba nembuyiselo ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga ezinjengalezi zizobhekelelwa noma yikuphi lapho ezenzeka khona emazingeni alapha ezweni ngaphakathi kanye nasemazweni omhlaba. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukubandakanywa okuphelele futhi kwenze ngcono ubudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe aseNyakatho naseNingizimu ne-Ikhweyitha kanye nokubambisana.
2.4. IKhabhinethi igunyaze ukusingatha ngokubambisana kweNgqungquthela yesibili Yomhlaba Yokuncelisa Ibele okuzokwenziwa nguMnyango Wezempilo kanye nenhlangano i-International Baby Food Action Network, kusukela mhla ziyi-11 kuya mhla ziyi-14 Zibandlela 2016, ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi “Asibe negalelo ekusunguleni indawo eyamukelekile yomama kanye nabantwana”.
Lokhu kuwuphawu lokuzinikela kweNingizimu Afrika ukujulisa ikhwela elihlatshiwe lokuvikela, ukukhuthaza kanye nokweseka ukuncelisa ibele kanye nokuthuthukisa futhi uhlelo lokondliwa kwezinsana kanye nezingane ezisencane.
Lokhu kunegalelo ekufezekiseni eyodwa yezinjongo eziyisishiyagalolunye zesikhathi eside zezempilo ezivezwe oHlelweni Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezwe; okuwukunciphisa ukushona komama abazithwele, izinsana kanye nezingane ezincane.
Izinjongo Zentuthuko Eqinile nazo zifaka isigcizelelo ekuphuculweni kokudla okunomsoco. Uhlelo Olubanzi Lokuqaliswa Kokusebenza maqondana Nokudla Okunomsoco Komama Abazithwele, Izinsana kanye Nezingane Ezisencane, lunenye yezinjongo eziyisithupha zomhlaba wonke zokudla okunomsoco ukukhuphula isibalo salabo bancelisa ibele kuphela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala siye okungenani ku-50% ngonyaka wezi-2025.
Ukuncelisa ibele kungenye yamagalelo angungqaphambili okuphila komntwana. Imikhuba yokuncelisa okungenele iholela ekushoneni kwezingane eziyizi-800 000 njalo ngonyaka (u-13% wabo bonke abashonayo) phakathi kwezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kweyisihlanu emazweni asathuthukayo kanjalo nobheduka okuphezulu kwesimo sezingane ezingondlekile, okuyinselele enkulu yezempilo yomphakathi e-Afrika.
2.5. IKhabhinethi igunyaze ukuba Umnyango Wezempilo usingathe Ingqungquthela Yamazwe Omhlaba ye-17 Yeziphathimandla Zokulawulwa Kwamakhambi, kusukela mhla zingama-27 kuLwezi kuya mhla zi-2 kuZibandlela 2016, ngokubambisana neNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke (i-WHO).
Lokhu kukhombisa ukuzibophezela kukahulumeni ekubhekaneni nezinselele zezempilo zomhlaba wonke maqondana nokuhlanganiswa ndawonye kwezimiso kanye nokwenziwa ngcono kokuphepha, ukusebenza ngempumelelo kanye nekhwalithi yemithi kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha.
Lesi sigcawu sokubonisana seziphathimandla zokulawulwa kwemithi zamazwe angamalungu e-WHO ayi-194 sihlose ukubhekana nokulawulwa kwemithi kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha kanye nokuhlanganiswa ndawonye kwemigomo yokulawula.
Ukusingatha kuzoqinisa isiphathimandla sokulawula kwemithi sikazwelonke, uMkhandlu Wokulawulwa Kwemithi, kanye nezinhlelo zemikhiqizo yezokwelapha. Izingxoxo zizophinda zibe negalelo maqondana nokwenza isisekelo sokuhlanganiswa ndawonye nokufukulwa amazinga okulawula e-Afrika kanye nakwisifundakazi se-SADC.
Kuphinde kunikeze ukwamukeleka kweNingizimu Afrika njengombambi-qhaza emhlabeni wonke ekuqaphelweni kokulawulwa kwemithi kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nalokho. Izwe lizothola ithuba lokubamba iqhaza ekubunjweni kwezinqubomigomo zamakhambi zamazwe omhlaba okungenzeka zibe impoqo emazweni angamalungu e-WHO.
2.6. IKhabhinethi iphinde yathiwa fahla fahla maqondana nenqubekelaphambili esiyenziwe maqondana nokuqaliswa kokusebenza koMthetho Wokuphathwa Kokwenziwa Komsebenzi Kahulumeni, onguNombolo 11 wezi-2014. Lo Mthetho usungula uhlelo olufanayo lokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kahulumeni kuzona zontathu izinhlaka zikahulumeni ukukhuthaza kanye nokugxilisa amagugu kanye nemigomo elawula ukwenziwa komsebenzi kahulumeni njengasesigabeni 195 (1) soMthethosisekelo.
UMthetho uhlinzekela ukusungulwa kwezinhlaka ezimbili ezaziwa ngokuthi: (i) Ihhovisi Lamazinga kanye Nokuthotshelwa Kwemithetho kanye (ii) Nophiko Losizo Lwezobuchwepheshe. Indlela yokuqalisa ukusebenza eqinile isiyamukelwe ukuze kusungulwe lezi zinhlaka.
Umnyango Wemisebenzi Kahulumeni Nokuphathwa Kwayo (i-DPSA) uhlanganise iqoqo lokuqala lezimiso ezifakwe kumqulu kahulumeni ukuze kutholakale imibono yomphakathi mhla ziyi-15 Ntulikazi 2016.
Ukusebenzisana kuyaqhubeka ne-South African Bureau of Standards kanye neminye imigwamanqa yokumiswa kwezinjongo kazwelonke ukuze kusungulwe ithuluzi lezomthetho elizoholela ekusetshenzisweni kanye nasekusungulweni kweHhovisi Lamazinga kanye Nokuthotshelwa Kwemithetho.
I-DPSA isezinhlelweni futhi zokuphenya kanye nokusungula uhlaka lokusebenza lemigomo nemibandela, kubandakanya nokusungulwa kohlaka lezinhlelo zokuphatha oluzovumela ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kwemibandela esebenzayo.
2.7. IKhabhinethi yathiwa fahla fahla maqondana nombiko wezibalo zabantu abafuna ukukhosela wesikhathi esiphakathi kukaMasingana noZibandlela 2015. IKhabinethi ikwesekile ukusungulwa kwethimba lokusebenza elibunjwe yiminyango ehlukahlukanene ukudingida inqubo maqondana nokuphathwa kwabantu abafuna ukukhosela asebenqatshwe okokugcina.
Umbiko unegalelo ekuphathweni okunzulu kwabantu bangaphandle abangena kuleli ukuze kwenziwe ngcono ukuphathwa kwabantu abafuna ukukhosela kanye nababaleki.
Ngokolwazi olufunyanwe Ohlelweni Lukazwelonke Lolwazi Lwabantu Bokufika, abantu abafuna ukukhosela abayizi-62 159 abasha ababhalisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nabayizi-71 914 ababhaliswa ngowezi-2014 kanye nabayizi-70 010 ngowezi-2013.
Izicelo zabantu abafuna ukukhosela eziyizi-60 640 zibhalisiwe zahlulelwa futhi zaphothulwa esikhungweni Sokunqunywa Kwesimo Sababaleki phakathi kukaMasingana kanye noZibandlela 2015. Kulezi zicelo zahlulelwe: izicelo eziyizi-2 499 zokufuna ukukhosela zagunyazwa, izicelo eziyizi-4 093 zokufuna ukukhosela zachithwa njengezingenaso isisekelo kanye nezicelo eziyizi-44 048 zokufuna ukukhosela zachithwa njengezingenabo nhlobo ubuqiniso, anokuhlukumeza futhi anokukhwabanisa.
2.8. IKhabhinethi yathiwa fahla fahla ngenqubekelaphambili esiyenziwe mayelana noMthethosivivinywa Weziphathimandla Zokuphathwa Kwemingcele (i-BMA), wezi-2016 owagunyazelwa ukuhanjiswa ePhalamende mhla zingama-23 Mandulo 2015. Lo Mthethosivivinywa wahanjiswa okokuqala ngqa ePhalamende mhla ziyi-8 Mfumfu 2015.
Imithelela yesimo senhlalo nesomnotho, yeZiphathimandla Zokuphathwa Kwemingcele okubhekeke ukuba zisungulwe, yadinga ukuba uhaniswe futhi nakwi-NEDLAC, lokho kwenziwa mhla ziyi-13 Mfumfu 2015.
Kwaba nohlelo lwezingxoxo ezijulile ze-NEDLAC maqondana noMthethosivivinywa phakathi kukaLwezi 2015 kanye noNhlaba 2016. Ngomhla ziyi-12 kuNhlaba 2016 umbiko wokugcina we-NEDLAC maqondana noMthethosivivinywa we-BMA, wezi-2016 wagunyazwa yiKomidi Lokuphathwa kwe-NEDLAC.
UMthethosivivinywa wafakazelwa ukuba semthethweni mhla ziyi-18 Nhlaba 2016 yiHhovisi Likameluleki Wezomthetho Kahulumeni. IKhabhinethi iqaphelile ukuthi uMthethosivivinywa we-BMA, wezi-2016 wethulwa emva kwalokho ePhalamende mhla zingama-25 kuNhlaba 2016 kanti nezingxoxo zokuqala maqondana noMthethosivivinywa zabanjwa ePhalamende mhla ziyi-6 kuNcwaba 2016.
IKhabhinethi igunyaze ukuthi Umnyango Wezasekhaya (i-DHA) kanye Nesikhungo Sokuqoqwa Kwezimali saseNingizimu Afrika (u-SARS) basheshise ukuphothulwa Kwesivumelwano Sokusebenzisana esihlobene nokuqokelwa kwabasebenzi bakwa-SARS abafanelekile ukuba basebenze ne-DHA ukweseka abaphathi bamanje bemingcele kanye nemizamo edidiyelwe emkhakheni wemingcele.
3. IMithethosivivinywa
3.1. IKhabhinethi igunyaze ukwethulwa koMthethosivivinywa Wokuchitshiyelwa Kwezinhlangano Zempahla Yomphakathi, wezi-2016 ePhalamende. UMthethosivivinywa uchibiyela uMthetho Wezinhlangano Zempahla Yomphakathi, we-1996 (uMthetho onguNombolo 28 we-1996), ngokuwuhambelanisa negunya elibanzi lokuguqulwa komhlaba laleli lizwe.
Ukhuthaza ukuphathwa ngentando yeningi labantu kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokuqinile komhlaba womphakathi ophethwe yizinhlangano zempahla yomphakathi egameni lemiphakathi. Uqinisa ukulawulwa kwezikhungo zokuphatha futhi uthuthukise ukwesekelwa kwazo nguhulumeni. UMthethosivivinywa ufuna ukusungula Ihhovisi Lezinhlangano Zempahla Yomphakathi inhloko yalo okuzokuba nguNobhala Wezinhlangano Zempahla Yomphakathi.
Imiphakathi izokwazi kangcono ukuthola, ukugcina kanye nokuphatha izimpahla ngokusebenzisa izikhungo ezisebenza ngempumelelo ezisungulwe ngokusemthethweni zezinsiza zomphakathi kanye nokuphathwa kokwabelwa kwazo imiphakathi, zisekelwa nguhulumeni.
3.2. Ukwethulwa koMthethosivivinywa Wokuchitshiyelwa Kwezindaba Zezinqumo Zezinkantolo, wezi-2016 ePhalamende ofuna ukuchibiyela imithetho eminingi enesivimbelo maqondana nokuphathwa kwezobulungiswa ukuze kubhekanwe nezindaba ezibambekayo kanye nezobuchwepheshe, ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa okungenazihibe kobulungiswa nawo ugunyaziwe.
Izichibiyelo zenziwe ngendlela yokuthi akwenzeki ukuthi ukwazi ukukhuthaza iMithetho Yokuchibiyela ngayodwana ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwalezi zichibiyelo emithethweni okukhulunywa ngayo.
Izichibiyelo ziyingxubevange ngokwazo futhi zingaxhunywa nezinjongo ezilandelayo ezisemqoka zoHlelo Lentuthuko Kazwelonke, okuwukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu baphephile futhi bazizwa bephephile ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lezobulungiswa bobugebengu elizimele nolungacwasi; ukubumbana komphakathi; ukufezekisa isizwe esithuthukayo, esinamandla futhi esinenkambiso enhle esiphatha izakhamizi zaso ngobuqotho; kanye nokubandakanywa kwezomnotho.
4. Imicimbi ezayo
4.1. UMongameli uJacob Zuma uzohola ithimba lezithunywa zaseNingizimu Afrika elizohambela Umhlangano Omkhulu wama-71 Wezizwe Ezihlangene (i-UNGA 71) phakathi komhla ziyi-13 kanye nomhla zingama-26 kuMandulo eNew York ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi: "Izinjongo Zentuthuko Eqinile: ukuphushwa ngumhlaba wonke ukuze siguqule umhlaba wethu."
Lokhu kunikeza ithuba lokuthi amazwe angamalungu aqondisise ukusebenza ngempumelelo Kwezizwe Ezihlangene, ikakhulukazi njengoba le nhlangano isanda kugubha iminyaka yayo engama-70 yaba khona. Izingxoxo zilindelekile maqondana nokuguqulwa kwe-UN, kubandakanya nokuvuselelwa kwe-UNGA; ukwenziwa ngcono komsebenzi woMkhandlu Wezomnotho kanye Nezenhlalo (i-ECOSOC); kanye nokuguqulwa koMkhandlu Wezokuvikeleka kwe-UN (i-UNSC) ukuze ukhulise inani lamazwe angamalungu ngokugcwele kanye nalawo angamalungu angagcwele.
Lesi kuzokuba yisikhathi sokugcina lapho uBan Ki-moon ezokhuluma noMhlangano Omkhulu we-UN njengoNobhala-Jikelele wayo.
4.2. Umbutho Wamaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika (i-SAPS) uzosingatha Usuku Lesikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke laminyaka yonke mhla zi-4 Mandulo 2016, ukukhumbula wonke amalungu e-SAPS alahlekelwa yizimpilo zawo phakathi komhla lu-1 Mbasa 2015 kuya mhla zingama-31 Ndasa 2016, ngenkathi enza imisebenzi yawo ngokuphokophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nokuvikeleka eNingizimu Afrika.
5. Isimo seKhabhinethi ezindabeni ezisematheni
5.1. IKhabhinethi izwakalise ukukhathazeka kwayo ngokuqhubeka kokuqhubukushana ngamazwi ayiziswana emphakathini phakathi kwamaqembu nabantu abahlukene maqondana nodaba oluhlobene nophenyo loKlebe ngezindaba ezihlobene no-SARS. IKhabhinethi inxuse bonke labo abathintekayo, kubandakanya namalungu eKhabhinethi asezikhundleni ezahlukene, ukuba babambe amatomu futhi bayeke ukwenza izitatimende emphakathini eziqondiswe kunoma yimuphi othintekayo kulolu daba.
IKhabhinethi inxusa bonke labo abathintekayo ukuba baziphathe ngesithunzi nangobuqotho futhi bakhulumisane kahle esikhundleni sokugxumela ezinkundleni zomphakathi.
5.2. IKhabhinethi ihlanganyela kanye noMongameli uZuma ekuzwakaliseni ukwethemba ngokugcwele uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali, yena kanye namanye amalungu eKhabhinethi, abamabhizinisi, Abasebenzi kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi, bebelokhu benza umsebenzi oncomekayo ekwakheni ukuzigqaja ngomnotho wethu phakathi kwabatshalizimali balapha ngaphakathi ezweni kanye nabavela emazweni angaphandle.
IKhabhinethi iphinde yanxusa wonke amaqembu ukuba ahloniphe futhi asebenzisane nezinhlaka zikahulumeni ezithweswe umsebenzi wokuqinisa ingalo yomthetho.
5.3. IKhabhinethi iyaqhubeka nokwenza konke okusemandleni aso ukuvikela umnotho, kanye nokwenza umsebenzi osemqoka wokuthuthukisa izikhungo ezingaphansi kukahulumeni ezinejoka lokuwenza. Zonke izikhungo zikahulumeni zinomthwalo wokuqhubezela phambili igunya lazo ngendlela engakhubazi umsebenzi kahulumeni noma engathikamezi kabi umnotho.
5.4. UMongameli uJacob Zuma uhambele Ingqungquthela Yesithupha Yamazwe Ngamazwe yaseTokyo maqondana Nokuthuthukiswa kwe-Afrika (i-TICAD VI) ebibanjelwe eNairobi, eKenya kusukela mhla zingama-27 kuya mhla zingama-28 kuNcwaba 2016. Lesi bekungokokuqala ukuthi i-TICAD ibanjelwe e-Afrika kusukela selokhu yasungulwa ngowe-1993.
I-TICAD-VI inikeze Izinhloko Zemibuso kanye Nohulumeni abavela e-Afrika ithuba elisemqoka ukuba baqaphe inqubekelaphambili kanye nokuqaliswa kokusebenza kwezivumelwano ze-TICAD zangaphambilini ezihlose ukusheshisa ukukhula kanye nokuthuthuka kwe-Afrika.
I-TICAD-VI iphinde yabanjwa onyakeni wokuqala wokuqaliswa kokusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa komhlaba wonke kanye nezifunda, okuwuHlelo lowezi-2030 Lokuthuthuka Okuqinile kanye Nohlelo lowezi-2063 kanye Nohlelo lwalo Leminyaka Eyishumi Yokuqala Lokuqalisa Ukusebenza.
Ngokuhambelana ngokugcwele nalezi zinhlelo zentuthuko, i-TICAD-VI idingide izinkinga ezihlobene nendikimba yonyaka iAfrika ebilokhu ibhekene nazo kusukela kwi-TICAD-V yokugcina eyayibanjelwe eYokohama, eJapan ngowezi-2013. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuvuselelwa kwezimboni, ezempilo, kanye nozinzo emphakathini.
IKhabhinethi iyasamukela isethembiso sikaNdunankulu uShinzo Abe sokuthi iJapan izoqokelela isamba sezigidigidi ezingama-$30 ezikhwameni zezimali zemikhakha ezimele kanye nekahulumeni ukuba sitshalwe e-Afrika eminyakeni emithathu ezayo ukuze kufukulwe ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda e-Afrika.
Lo mhlangano ube nezingxoxo ezinzulu nezijulile maqondana nokutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni ozimele, ukwenziwa kweminotho yase-Afrika osozimboni, ukusungula izinhlaka zezomnotho eziqinile, ezempilo kanye nokuvikelwa ezifweni ezibhedulayo ezinjenge-Ebola kanye ne-Zika, ukulwisana nabashokobezi, ukufundisa kanye nokufukula intsha ehlaselwe ubuphofu ukuze ivinjelwe ukuba ingaluthwa amaqembu amavukelambuso nabashokobezi.
Izinhloko zemibuso kanye nohulumeni bakugcizelele ukuzibophezela kwabo ukuqhubeka nokuqinisa inqubo ye-TICAD ngemigomo eyimikhombandlela yesigcawu esivulelekile nesiphelele, ukuxoxisana nababambiqhaza abahlukahlukene, ukuhanjelaniswa nezinhlelo zangaphambilini zase-Afrika, ukugcizelela intuthuko ebhekiswe ngqo ebantwini, kanye nokuqaliswa ukusebenza okuyimpumelelo okuhambisana nezindlela zokulandelela ezididiyelwe.
5.5. Izehlakalo zokucwasana ngokobuhlanga ezibhekiswe esikoleni samantombazane iPretoria High School for Girls ziyakhathaza. IKhabhinethi iyasincoma isibindi sabafundi sokuveza obala ukucwasa ngokobuhlanga kanye nokuphambana nomthetho okuqhubekayo kulesi sikole.
Bayizishoshovu zangempela zoshintsho lomphakathi, ezidingekayo ukususa izwe lethu emlandweni walo wakudala wokuhlukaniswa kwabantu lisondezwe eduzane nokufezekisa izinjongo zeNingizimu Afrika ebumbene.
Sinxusa bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ukuba bahloniphane futhi babumbane balwisane nokuhlukaniswa ngenxa yokucwasana ngokobuhlanga emphakathini wethu. Izwe lethu elibuswa ngentando yeningi labantu lwakhelwe phezu kokubekezelelana kanye nenhlonipho.
5.6. Sihlanganyela futhi kanye nezigidi zabantu baseNingizimu Afrika ekuhalaliseleni Ithimba laseNingizimu Afrika ngomsebenzi oncomekayo eliwenze Emidlalweni yama-Olimpiki yowezi-2016 ebibanjelwe eRio. Ithimba lenze izwe laziqhenya ngabo ngokunqoba izindondo eziyishumi emikhakheni enhlobonhlobo yemidlalo, kubandakanya nezindondo ezimbili zegolide. Umsebenzi ohlabahlosile owenziwe nguWayde Van Niekerk ngokunqoba indondo yegolide emjahweni ka-400m kanye nokwephula irekhodi lomhlaba, kanye nokugijima okuhle kakhulu kwentombazanyana yethu eyigugu uCaster Semenya emjahweni ka-800m kuzohlala isikhathi eside ezingqondweni zethu.
5.7. IKhabhinethi ihalalisela abantu baseNingizimu Afrika kanye ne-IEC ngengxenye yabo abayidlalile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi siba nolunye Ukhetho Lohulumeni Basekhaya oluyimpumelelo. Ezweni lonkana, imikhandlu isihlanganile yaqoka osodolobha, osomlomo kanye nosotswebhu abakhulu. Lokhu buwufakazi bokuthi uhlelo lokubusa ngentando yeningi labantu luyasebenza ngempela kuleli lizwe.
IKhabhinethi ikhuthaza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqhubeke nokubamba iqhaza ngokusebenzisa Amakomidi Ezigceme kanye nezinye izindlela ezibandakanya imiphakathi kohulumeni basekhaya.
5.8. Ukumenyezelwa kwenhlawulo yezigidigidi eziwu-1, 5 zamarandi okumele ikhokhwe yi-ArcelorMittal, okungabakhiqizi bensimbi abakhulukazi kuleli lizwe, ngokuphekwa kwamanani kanye nokwakha umbimbi embonini yensimbi kuyinhlawulo enkulukazi enikezwe inkampani eyodwa yiziphathimandla zomncintiswano.
Inkampani iphinde yanquma, njengengxenye yokukhokha isikweletu neziphathimandla, ukutshala izigidigidi eziwu-4, 6 zamarandi ezindlekweni ezintsha ukuze ivuselele kabusha imishini yayo yokusebenza kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lokuncintisana. Ukukhokhwa kwesikweletu kuphinde kuhlinzekele indlela yokubizwa kwamanani ezovala umngcele wenkampani emikhiqizweni yensimbi eyisicaba isikhathi esiyiminyaka emihlanu.
Lokhu kuyingxenye yesijeziso sokulwisana nokuxhashazwa kwamandla okuba sezimakethe kanye nokuphekwa kwamanani okubukela phansi ukusebenza komnotho, kufake izindleko ezingenasidingo emafemini amancane futhi kudicilela phansi imisebenzi yalapha ekhaya.
Uhulumeni usalokhu ezibophezele ukukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho okuholwa utshalomali, hhayi ukumfimfa komnotho okubangelwa umbimbi.
5.9. Sinxusa bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ukuba basebenzise amanzi ngokugculisayo futhi bawalondoloze; ngokusebenzisana ndawonye singaqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona amanzi awanele futhi sivikele ingqalasizinda yethu esemqoka yamanzi.
Kunezimo ezinenkani zesomiso ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zezwe nalapho iGauteng isiqala khona ukutheleleka ngenxa yokuthi Uhlelo Oludidiyelwe Lomfula iVaal selungaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu.
Ukubhekana nesimo samanje, Umnyango Wezamanzi kanye Nokuthuthwa Kwemfucuza usebenzisana neNhlangano Yohulumeni Basekhaya yaseNingizimu Afrika (i-SALGA), uMnyango Wokwengamela Ngokubambisana Nezendabuko (i-CoGTA) kanye nomasipala uzofaka imikhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi Ekurhuleni, eGoli, eTshwane kanye naseMogale City.
Amanzi aphakelwa izindawo zasemadolobheni azoncishiswa nge--15% kanti amanzi okuchelela azoncishiswa ngama--20&. Imikhawulo ayinakugwemeka futhi izohlala ikhona ukuvikela ukuphakelwa kwamanzi kuze kube isimo siyabohla.
5.10. Imiphumela Yezibalo Zabantu Eziqaguliwe Zaphakathi Nonyaka ezenziwe yinhlangano Yezezibalo ENingizimu Afrika (i-Statistics SA) zibonisa ukuthi abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bakhule bafinyelela kubantu abayizigidi ezingama-55.9 abaneminyaka yokuphila emhlabeni engama-62 ubudala kanye nokushona kwezinsana okuqagulelwe ku-33.7 ngezinsana eziyi-1 000 ezizelwe.
IKhabhinethi ibikhathazekile ngokwenyuka kwesilinganiso sokubhebhetheka kwegciwane lesandulelangculazi (i-HIV) sisuka ku-11.2% ngonyaka odlule siya ku-12.7% ngowezi-2016 nokuhumushekela esibalweni esiqaguliwe sabantu abayizigidi eziwu-7.03 abaphila ne-HIV.
IKhabhinethi inxusa bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ukuba basebenzisana nohulumeni ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okusha ngokuthi bahlolwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka, basebenzise ikhondomu uma besiya ocansini kanye nokuthi amadoda kanye nabafana basabele ekhweleni elihlatshwayo futhi bacabangele ukuyosokwa ezikhungweni zezempilo.
5.11. IKhabhinethi isiqaphelile isinqumo Senkantolo yoMthethosisekelo maqondana noMthetho Wokuchitshiyelwa Kwezinxephezelo Zamalungelo Omhlaba, owashaywa ngowezi-2014, ukuze kuvulwe kabusha uhlelo laleli lizwe lokubuyiselwa umhlaba.
Inkantolo inikeze iPhalamende iminyaka emibili ukuba lishaye kabusha lo mthetho noma liphasise uMthetho omusha. Lesi nqumo sichaza ukuthi azikho izicelo ezintsha ezingafakwa kuze kube uMthetho omusha ozovula kabusha ukufakwa kwezicelo uyaphasiswa.
Ikhomishana Yokunxeshezelwa Kwamalungelo Omhlaba uzobamba udliwanondlebe nabemithombo yezindaba ukukhomba indlela eya phambili kulandela lesi sinqumo.
5.12. INingizimu Afrika izosingatha Umbuthano wama-35 Wongoti Bomumo Womhlaba Bamazwe Ngamazwe eCape Town International Convention Centre kusukela mhla zingama-27 kuNcwaba kuya mhla zi-4 kuMandulo 2016.
Lo Mbuthano uhlose ukuba negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kocwaningo oluyisisekelo kanye noluthuthukile kwezesayensi yomumo womhlaba. Lo mcimbi uzobonisa isayensi yomumo womhlaba edume umhlaba wonke kanye nesayensi yamagugu kuhlangene nezizinda zayo zemimo yamatshe nezibukekayo kakhulu. Izingqinamba zomumo womhlaba ezikhona kulo mkhakha nazo zizohlaziywa.
5.13. IKhabhinethi idlulisa amazwi enduduzo emndenini kanye nakubangani bakaNgqongqoshe weKhabhinethi waphambilini kanye noNdunankulu Wesifundazwe saseMpumalanga Kapa, uMfundisi u-Arnold Makhenkesi Stofile. UMfundisi uStofile ubeyisishoshovu esimkantshubovu sezepolitiki esabamba iqhaza kuzona zonke izinsika zomzabalazo waseNingizimu Afrika, kusukela kwizigagayi zomshoshaphansi kuya emibhidlangweni yokunxenxa izingqumbi zabantu, kuya obumbanweni namazwe angaphandle kanye nokwakhiwa ngokusemthethweni kwezinhlaka zikahulumeni.
IKhabhinethi iphinde yazwakalisa amazwi ayo enduduzo emindenini yamalungu Ombutho Wezempi waseNingizimu Afrika alahlekelwe yizimpilo zawo engozini yebhasi eyehle eClarens eFreyistata.
IKhabhinethi ihlanganyela kanye noMongameli uJacob Zuma ekuthumeleni amazwi enduduzo koHloniphekile uMongameli uSergio Mattarella, uHulumeni kanye nabantu base-Italy kulandela ukuzamazama komhlaba okwenzeke enkabeni ye-Italy, okuholele ekufeni kwezakhamuzi kanye nomonakalo omkhulu emadolobheni ahlukahlukene. Sifisela nalabo abalimele ukululama okusheshayo.
6. Abaqashiwe
Ukuqashwa kwabo bonke abalandelayo kuzokwamukelwa ngokusemthethweni kuphela uma sekuqinisekiswe ubufakazi beziqu zabo zemfundo futhi uma sebenikeziwe izimvume ezifanelekile.
6.1. IKhabhinethi idingide ngokuqashwa kweBhodi lakwa-South African Airways (SAA) yase igunyaza ukuqashwa kwalaba abalandelayo:
a) Nksz Duduzile Cynthia Myeni (uqashwe kabusha njengoSihlalo);
b) Nksz Mmakeaya Magoro Tryphosa Ramano (Iphini likaSihlalo futhi ngumqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
c) Nksz Bajabulile Swazi Tshabalala (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
d) Nksz Thandeka Nozipho Mgoduso (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
e) Nksz Nazmeera Moola (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
f) Mnu Akhter Hoosen Moosa (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
g) Nksz Gugu Sepamla (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
h) Mnu Siphile Buthelezi (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
i) Mnu Peter Holmes Maluleka (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
j) Mnu Mzimkulu Malunga (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu);
k) Dkt Martha Mbatha (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu); kanye no
l) Mnu Peter Tshisevhe (umqondisi ongeyona ingxenye yesigungu esiphezulu).
UNgqongqoshe Wezezimali uzohlangana neBhodi eliqokwe kabusha ukuze ahlinzeke ngomkhombandlela ovela ohlangothini lababambiqhaza.
Imibuzo:
Donald Liphoko
Umakhalekhikhini
Cell: 082 901 0766


text:
Izakhamizi zeLower Gweru, esabelweni senkabazwe zithi zibhekane lodubo olukhulu lwendlala ngenxa yokuguquka kwesimo somkhathi osokubangela ukuphuza lokungani kuhle kwezulu. Inengi lithi uhulumende lenhlanganiso ezinceda uzulu sokumele zisungule inhlelo zokuphathisa izakhamizi zalindawo ngokudla lamabele.
Kuvame ukuthi ngalesi isikhathi somnyaka izakhamizi zalindawo zibe sezisidla amakhomane, ulude lezinye izilimo ezivuthwa masinya ngehlobo kodwa lonyaka akunjalo.
UMnu. Rain Mathulisa wase Shagari uthi isimo sibi.
UNkosazana Jennifer Hove yinkokheli yabo mama kwezokulima eSt Faith. Yenake uchasisa kabanzi ngababhekane lakho lonyaka.
UCouncillor weMdubiwa Ward uMnu. Benjamin Mpala ngumlimisi omkhulu walindawo othi udubo yikuthi inengi kalenelisanga khona ukulima.
Ummeli weVungu edale lePhalamende UMnu Omega Sibanda ugcizelela ukuthi indlala izakuba khona enkabazwe lonyaka.
Abanye bathi bayancitshwa ukudla ngezinye zeziqatshwa zikahulumende okumele zabele abantu ukudla kokusiza abaswelayo zisebenzisa inkethabetshabi.
Omunye obikwa encitshwa ukudla nguGogo uIdah Mbambo ohlala eSukunene oleminyaka yokuzalwa ephose ifike ikhulu- 95 years.
Umnunzana Goodwin Sibanda ngoweZanu PF. Yenake uyavuma ukuthi eSukunene bakhona abaziwayo abebandla lakhe ababandlululayo.
Umlisa weMdubiwa Ward uMnu Emmanuel Makhula uhulumende kangenele ekuphiweni abaswelayo ukudla.
Ingcwethi kwezumumo womkhathi zithi ukungani kuhle kwezulu kubangelwa yikuguquka kwesimo sawo umkhathi.