text:
Salalelisisa safunda
IBhaybheli elisha ngokukaLuther lizama ukubuyela esiJalimaneni sakhe umCanduli
nguReinhard Bingener*
Okhulumayo 1: UMartin Luther washeshisa esenqabeni, iWartburg. Phakathi noDisemba ngowenkulungwane namakhulu amahlanu namashumi amabili nanye [1521] waqala umCanduli elapho ayecashelé khona ukuhumusha iThestamente eliSha. Kwedlula-nje amasonto ayishumi nanye – ithuba lokukhuthala okumangalisayo, wayesezihumushé zonke ezingamashumi amabili nesikhombisa [27] zeThestamente eliSha.
Kuthé-ke uLuther esephindela eWittenberg ngoMashi, wayesewuphethile umbhalo wakhe. Kwethwasa ihlobo-nje, wawusishicilelwa, ugxotshwa; ngokuvulwa koMbukiso weziNcwadi waseLeipzig ekwindla yase isezandleni le ncwadi eyabizwa ngokuthi yiThestamente langoSebthemba. Yathengwa ubuthaphuthaphu eLeipzig; izinkulungwane ezintathu [3 000] zayo ezazigxotshwé kuqala, zathengwa, akwasala nanye. Kwalandela ezinye ngokushesha. Ngokuhunyushwa nguLuther laqala ibhaybheli ukuba yincwadi kawonkewonke.
0
Okhulumayo 2: Eminyakeni engamakhulu amahlanu asedlula, uMbukiso wenziNcwadi waseLeipzig isiyedlulwa nguMncintiswano weziNcwadi waseFrankfurt esikhundleni esiphambili. Ekuvulweni koMbukiso weziNcwadi eFrankfurt-am-Main iSonto lamaKhristu ngokoCandulo [lamaPhrotestanti] eJalimane (iEKD) lizobe lethula ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo ibhaybheli elihunyushwé kulandelwa isibonelo sikaLuther, elibukezwé ngokuphelele. Ukubukezwa kwalo mbhalo kuyingxenye yamcombi wokugubha ukuhlangana konyaka wamakhulu amahlanu [500] kusukela ngomhla woCandulo zingamashumi amathathu nanye kuOkthoba.
Kwakukade kuhloswé ukwedlulisa amehlo-nje, kuhlolwe lelo bhaybheli ngokukaLuther. Izinguqulo kwakuthiwe ziyokwenziwa-nje kuphela lapho okuyobonakala kuphoqeké khona ukuthi zenziwe, kulandelwa imiphumela emisha yocwaningo ngokolwazi eminyakeni eyisithupha eyedlule.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wanda umsebenzi wedlula okwakuhloswé ekusukeni kwawo.
Ebhaybhelini elisha ngokukaLuther kuzoba nezinguquko ezingeqedwa ikakhulukazi ezindimeni ezibalulekile. Ezincwadini ezithile zebhaybheli umbhalo uzobe usuhunyushwé kabusha. UMbhishobhi wesiFundazwe saseThuringeni [khona kwelaseJalimane] osewathatha umhlalaphansi, uMbhishobhi uChristoph Kaehler, obengumphathisihlalo woMkhandlu obuHola loMkhankaso, uthi
emavesini ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu nesihlanu
namakhulu amahlanu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili
[35 598]
ebhaybheli,
ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu
namakhulu ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu
[15 785]
aguquliwe, alotshwa kabusha.
0
Ayingxenye yamashumi amane nane ekhulwini [44%] lawo mavesi abukeziwe, nòma-ke zingengakanani izinguquko ezenziwe. UKaehler uyabika-ke ukuthi kwenziwa yini ukuthi lokhu ukwedlulisa amehlo-nje okwakuhlosiwe kugcine sekuwukubukeza:
Ukuze kusebenzeke kahle eMikhandlwini eyahlukene, kwamiswa izingqwembe okwalotshwa kuzo lelo nalelo vesi ngesiHebheru noma ngesiGrikhi kanye nangendlela elifundeka ngalo ebhaybhelini ngokukaLuther kusukela ekubukezweni kwalo ngowenkulungwane namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi esishiyagalombili nesine [1984]. Kulezo zingqwembe kwakulotshwé yonke enye indlela uMartin Luther ake ayihumusha ngayo ndima yebhaybheli ngaleso sikhathi esiphambili [1521- …]. UKaehler-ke uthi, ekuqhathaniseni kwakuzwakalisisa ngcono okwakukade kulotshwé ngumCwaningi kunale ndlela esilandelwa kusukela ekubukezweni kowe-1984, nòma yemukeleké ngokungabuzwa emabandleni nasemphakathini.
0
Okhulumayo 1: Lizifaka otavataveni-ke nokho isonto lamaphrothestanti [iEKD] ngalo mbukezo. Ngowe-1975 lazizwela ladela ukuthi zinenkathazo engakanani izinguquko odabeni olwaziswa kangaka emphakathini.
Kwaqubuka isidumo esinamathambo emsakazweni nasemaphephandabeni kugxekwa okwakubizwa ngokuthi „yiThestamente leBhakede“. „Isitsha“ ngokukaMathewu 5,15 okungafanele ukuthi isibani sibekwe phansi kwaso, ababehumusha iThestamente eliSha ebhaybhelini ngokukaLuther babekade sebesikhiphile, bafaka „ibhakede“ esikhundleni saso. „Isitsha“ babethatha ngokuthi asisezwakalisisi kahle, sesiwulwimi lwakudala olungasejwayelekile. Ngokuzama ukulandela isiqubulo sikaLuther esithi kufanele ulalelisise ukuze ufundisise, bazama ukuphendukela endleleni ulwimi oselwejwayeleké ukusetshenziswa ngayo. Kufanele ukuthi „ukuhumusha [ngokukaLuther] kwembeswe ngonkuthalo nangobunono ubumo bolwimi lwengxenye yesibili senkathi yamanje“, kugcizelela usolwazi kwezolwimi namasiko aseJalimane, uFritz Tschirch. Umcabango wakhe wokuthi ibhaybheli ngokukaLuther alihambisane nezinguquko ezintsha olwimini lwesiJalimane, wanqwamana nokuphikiswa okukhulu. Yashesha iEKD ukuthobela lokho kuphikiswa, yalihoxisa „iThestamente leBhakede“.
Ekuhunyushweni konyaka we-2017 kwebhaybheli ngokukaLuther izinguquko zenziwe ngenhloso eyehlukile kowonyaka we-1975. Iqhezu lesithathu lezinguqulo sezizonke, ngokulinganisa kukaMbhishobhi uKaehler, lizama ukubuyela endleleni endala yokubekwa kolwimi etholakala emzamweni wokuhumusha wesandla sikaLuther mathupha wangonyaka we-1545.
Ikhono nobuciko bomCanduli ngephimbo nangezigi zolwimi lwesiJalimane kuzanywa ukuthi kuzwakalisiseke ebhaybhelini elisha ngokukaLuther. Nòma eziningi izindlela zikaLuther zokubeka udaba zingasejwayelekile namuhla, uMkhandlu uzimisele ukuthi zivuselelwe, zisetshenziswe, uma-nje ziqondakala. „Abanye“ sekuthiwa futhi njengakuLuther „abathile“. Nendlela kaLuther ephakeme ethi „osekuyokuba wukuthi“, isizobuyiselwa ezindimeni eziningi ebhaybhelini. Engxoxweni yangoKhisimuzi esahlukweni sesibili kwelikaLukha [Lk 2,5] akasabuyeleli uJosefa eBhethlehema „ukuyobalwa“, kodwa ukuze „ayobhaliswa kanye noMariya, ingoduso yakhe.“
0
Okhulumayo 2: Ezinye izingququko zenziwe kodwa-ke ngezinye izizathu ngaphandle kwalezo eziphathelene nokwazisa uLuther njengomCanduli. Kokuningi imibono emisha yesekwé ulwazi olusha ekucwaningweni kokuhlaziywa kwemibhalo [exegesis]. Ingani phela imibhalo emidala elotshwé ngesiHebheru noma ngesiGrikhi ihamba phambili – yedlula nokwakuhunyushwé nguLuther.
Kwakuvele kuyinjongo yakhe uLuther ukuthi umphakathi uzuze ngokusebenza kwakhe umbhalo webhaybheli ophelele noyedlula yonke eminye ngokushaya emhlolweni. Nanamuhla lokhu kusenjalo: Okokuqala yikuthi ohumushayo kufanele asebenze esuka embhalweni omdala ophelele noyedlula yonke eminye ngokushaya emhlolweni. Okwesibili kufanele lowo mbhalo uthuthelwe olwimini ofakwa kulo [lwesiJalimane | lwesiZulu] kuqhutshwa ngolwazi olusha kwezocwaningo ngenhlakanipho.
Eminyakeni engamakhulu amahlanu [500] edlule sekuqhutshekwé kahle kakhulu ngale ndlela. Ngokutholakala kwemibhalo yasendulo eyayilotshwé ngesandla, icwaningwe ngokucophelela, bayakwazi abahloli bombhalo namuhla ukwethula emphakathini imibhalo engesiHebheru noma engesiGrikhi okungasukelwa kuyo uma sekuhunyushwa okwethathelwa ekutheni isondelene kakhulu impela nemibhalo yendabuko kunemibhalo uLuther nayesebenzisana nabo ababehumusha besuka kuyo.
Ngaphandle-ke kwalelo sasasa elithi „akubuyelwe kuLuther“ kanye nokukhuthalela ukuchumisa imiphumela yocwaningo lokuhlaziywa kwemibhalo kunezinye izinguquko ezisukela ezizathwini zokuzama ukwazisana nokubonelelana emphakathini, kulinganwe nangobulili obahlukene: EThestamenteni eliDala uAdam encwadini kaGenesisi esahlukweni sesibili endimeni yeshumi nesishiyagalombili [Gen 2,18] akasamemukeli uEva wakhe `njengencekukazi´ esandleni soPhezukonke, kodwa `njengomelekeleli´ amphiwe. NaseThestamenteni elisha uMphostoli uPhawuli akasababizi akhuluma nabo kuphela-nje ngokuthi „bafowethu“, usethi „bafowethu nodadewethu“.
Olwimini lwesiJalimane yinguquko enkulu kabi leyo, kugcizelela uMbhishobhi uKaehler. KolwesiGrikhi awungakanani lowo mahluko phakathi kokuthi „adelphoi“ – `bafowethu´ – nokuthi „adelphai“ – `bodadewethu´ ngendlela okwakukhulunywa ngayo emandulo wawucishe ungezwakali. Abesifazane emabandleni babehlala bekhona, kukhulunywa nabo nangabo njalo-nje; kolwesiJalimane sekuqaliwe ukuloba ngokucacé kanjalo. Kukhona-ke nokho abanye osolwazi bezeThestamente eliSha abakuthatha lokho njengokungacopheleli okwanele kwezombhalo webhaybheli, bayakhononda, bathi uma kwenziwa njalo kuzanywa ukupolitika ngendlela engemukelekile ngokwezocwaningo lokuhlaziywa kwemibhalo.
0
Okhulumayo 1: Zibonakala kanjani lezo zinguquko uma ufunda ibhaybheli elisha ngokukaLuther?
Oliqala phambili ukulifunda, akatholi nguquko emavesini okuqala. Namanje kusathiwa lapho: „Ekuqaleni oPhezukonke wadala izulu nomhlaba“, bese kuthi khona lapho nje-ke evesini lesibili sekuthiwa: „Umhlaba lo wawuselugwadule nje, ulihlane; kumnyama kwesabeka. Umhlabathi wawujulé echibini elibanzikazi. Izikhukhula nezikhwishikazane zazihlasele nxazonke; umphefumulo kaMvelingqangi wawuntwela phezu kwamanzikazi lawo.“ Phambilini kwakubhalwé ukuthi „uMoya kaNkulunkulu wehla-wenyuka phezu kwamanzi“. Wayehumushé kanjalo lapho uLuther. UMbhishobhi uKaehler uchaza athi inguquko yenziwé yikuthi manje incazelo yohlamvana lwesiHebheru oluthi „al“ isibekwé ngokushaya emhlolweni. Ngokwengqondo yokusetshenziswa kolwimi umphefumulo awuntweli phezu kokhakhayi lwamanzi; kuqondwé umkhathi ongaphezu kwamanzi.
Inguquko egqamile itholakala esahlukweni esilandela lapho. Endimeni yesikhombisa esahlukweni sesibili [Gen 2,7] sekuyothiwa ngokuzayo oPhezukonke uAdam wambumba „ngothuli lomhlabathi“, kungabe kusathiwa „ngomhlabathi“. ULuther lapho wayethé „ngegabade“. `Umhlabathi´ uba-ke `luthuli´.
Ngokufanayo kuGenesisi 3,19 engxoxweni yokuxoshwa epharadisi sekuyofundeka kanje ngokuzayo: „ngoba uluthuli wena; uphindela othulini.“ Phambilini lapho bekuthiwa: „ngokuba ungumhlabathi, uyakuphenduka umhlabathi.“ UMbhishobhi uKaehler uchaza athi igama lakwelesiHebheru elithi „afar“ lichaza ukuthi `uthuli´, hhayi `umhlabathi´. Okunye-ke ngokusho kwakhe yikuthi nebhaybheli elihunyushwé ngabesonto lamaKhatholika [lasemaRomeni] kanye naleli elihunyushwé ngabakwelaseZurikhi, omabili, nawo lapha athi „uthuli“. EmiKhandlwini ebidingida zibonelelwe izaba „zikanhliziyonye kwabenkolo“.
0
Okhulumayo 2: Inselelo enkulu noma yiliphi iBandla elibhekene nayo uma lizama ukubukeza ibhaybheli isexhumaneni nasekuhoshelaneni phakathi kombhalo ngokwebhaybheli kanye nenqubo okukhonzwa ngayo.
Kwamaningi amabandla kwejwayelekile ukuthi esiphethweni sentshumayelo kunikwe isibusiso ngevesi lesikhombisa lesahluko sesine sencwadi yabaseFiliphi [Fil 4,7] , kuthiwe: „Ukuthula kukaSmakade okwedlula ukuqonda konke kulondoloza izinhliziyo zenu nemicabango yenu kuKhristu Jesu.“ [„Kothi-ke lokho kuthula esikulethelwa ngoPhezukonke, okwedlula ukuqonda konke, kulondoloze izinhliziyo zenu nemicabango yenu nikuKhristu Jesu“.] UMbhishobhi uKaehler uyichaza athi-ke le nguquko lapho: Esikhundleni sokuthi „kulondoloza“, kuthiwa „kothi-ke … kulondoloze“ ngoba embalweni wasendulo ongolwesiGrikhi okuthathelwa kuwo, kulotshwé kanjalo – ngenkathi ezayo. Abahlaziyi bombhalo kade vele babegquguzela befuna uguqulwe kanjalo lo musho. Ukusetshenziswa kwenkathi ezayo kufanelana ngcono namazwi esibusiso ethula izilokotho. Ngokungenjalo kuba sengathi kunokuzigqaja nokuzethemba luqobo okwedlulele. Yilapho-ke okuvela khona umbuzo othi kuyokwazeka kangakanani ukuthi lezi zinguqulo ebhaybhelini elisha ngokukaLuther zemukeleke kwezenqubo okukhonzwa ngayo. UMbhishobhi uKaehler uthi-ke lapho yena uyoziqhubekela-nje ngendlela endala uma ethula isibusiso emva kwentshumayelo. Inqubo okukhonzwa ngayo akuphoqelekekile ukuthi ilandelisiswe okobugqili.
Evesini elaziwayo encwadini yevangeli ngokukaJohani ibonakaliseka ngcono indlela obekubukezwa ngayo ibhaybheli elisha ngokukaLuther: Emzamweni okuthiwa ngawo „emuva kuLuther“ kuphindelwa futhi nakulo qobo ilaka lomCanduli nasekusebenziseni isithambeko sesenzo ngokokufunisela [conjunction] ayaziselwa lona kakhulu, okwakukade sekuhambe kwahamba alabe lisanakwa, kwathiwa selingelakudala, lacishwa ezindimeni eziningi. KuJohani esahlukweni seshumi nanye, evesini lamashumi amabili nanhlanu [Joh 11,25] ebhaybhelini elisha ngokukaLuther elahunyushwa lakhishwa ngonyaka we-1984 uJesu ukhuluma ngaphandle ngokugcizelela isithambeko sesenzo sokufunisela, athi: „Mina ngiwukuvuka nokuphila. Okhowa kimi, nòma efa, wophila.“ Ngokuzayo lo musho emazwini aziwa ngokuthi `ngamazwi athi Mina´, usuyothi: „Mina ngiwukuvuka nokuphila. Okholwa kimi, nòma angafa, wophila.“
0
Okhulumayo: Izifundiswa ezizithandela ilaka eligculisa ukuthambeka kwesenzo ngokufunisela zizojabula. Abasakhulayo [abasesesifundweni | abasangena iklasi]-ke kungathi kule ndlela entsha ibhaybheli eselibhalwé ngayo bafikelwe umcabango wokuthi okholwayo kulindeleké aphile sengathi usezofa. Ekuphikisaneni nendlela entsha umuntu angaphawula athi ayifanelani nendlela ezwakala kalula neshaya emhlolweni kwawona `namazwi athi Mina´ kaJesu afundeka ngayo.
Okungejwayelekile sampela kunamavesi aziwayo asencwadini kaJohani, yisahluko sesishiyagalolunye kuya kweseshumi nanye sencwadi kwabaseRoma [Rom 9-11]. Lezi zahluko zontathu kufanele ukuthi zingenye yezindima ezinzimakazi le miKhandlu ebibhekene nazo: UMphostoli uPhawuli kulezi zahluko ucubungula umbuzo othi licebo lini oPhezukonke aligodlele isizwe sakhe sesivumelwano, isizwe sakwaIzrayeli. KuPhawuli umbuzo oqondene naye ngqo lowo. Ngaphambi kobizo lwakhe uPhawuli wayekade engumgqugqumezeli ongabuzwa wenkolo ngokobuJuda. Ezincwadini zakhe eziseThestamenteni eliSha uPhawuli uchukuluzana nabo njalo-nje laba ababekade phela bengabazalwane bakhe. Esahlukweni sesishiyagalolunye kuya kweseshumi nanye uPhawuli ubalisa kabanzi ngokubanezinhliziyo ezilukhuni athi ukubona sekwandile kwabenkolo yobuJuda. Nombuzo ngecebo ngekusasa labenkolo yobuKhristu awumniki sithuba uPhawulu. Imicabano nemibono yakhe encwadini yakhe kwabaseRoma yedlulela embonweni othi oPhezukonke nakanjani uyogcina emphephisile wonke uIzrayeli.
Ezahlukweni zencwadi kwabaseRoma kuphinde kuvele isimo soqhekeko olunzulu emoyeni kaPhawuli kanye nezezingxabano ezinzima nezinxushunxushu phakathi kwamaJuda namaKhristu okwagcina kusilele nasezincwadini eziningi eThestamenteni eliSha. Kwabasingethe umsebenzi wokuhunyushwa kabusha kwebhaybheli ngokukaLuther kunezinkinga ezinye ababhekene nazo: Eyokuqala yikuthi ibhaybheli balihumushela olwimini lwesizwe okwathi eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa nanhlanu [75] edlule sasukumela ukuhlupha nokulwisana namaJuda ngenhloso yokuwabhubhisa okomphelo. Eyesibili bayizindlalifa zomCanduli owayevamé ukuwachukuluza nokuwahlambalaza ngokwedlulele amaJuda.
0
Okhulumayo 2: Muva-nje sebeyafakazelana abacwaningi kwezokuhlaziya imibhalo ekutheni uLuther kanye nemfundiso yamaLuthela ngolwazi kwezenkolo basungula, basakaza imfundiso ehlanekezelayo nehlambalazayo nekha phezulu ngobuJuda eyaqhubeka kwaze kwacishe kwagamanxa inkathi yanamuhla. Ngenxa yokuthi-ke le mfundiso seyangena yagxila nasemizamweni yokuhumusha ibhaybheli, kuvelé umbuzo ekubukezweni [kwebhaybheli elisha ngokukaLuther] ukuthi kuzokwenziwa njani ngendima efana nevesi leshumi nanye esahlukweni sesishiyagalolunye encwadini kwabaseRoma [Rom 9,11].
UMbishobhi uKaehler ulibeka ngembaba elokuthi lapho bekuqondenwe nezindima ezibucayi nanokuthi kudingeké kuxoxiswane kabanzi ezigungwini zonke ebezibambisene. Umphumela kubé ukuthi ebhaybhelini elisha ngokukaLuther udaba lubekwa ngelaka okuthi uma liqhathaniswa nelikuleli elakhishwa ngowe-1984, lizwakale lingaxozomisi, kodwa liphambuka lapho-nje ngokungatheni.
Inguquko esemqoka ngokukaMbhishobhi uKaehler isevesini leshumi nesihlanu esahlukweni seshumi nanye kweyabaseRoma [Rom 11,15]. Lapho uPhawuli ukhuluma ngokusindiswa kwamaJuda, uthi: „Ngokuba uma ukwahlulelwa kwabo kunguwukuxolelwa komhlaba, ukwamukelwa kwabo kungaba-yini, uma kungesikho ukuphila kwabafileyo na?“ Ebhaybhelini elisha ngokukaLuther elithi „ukwahlulelwa“ selizomelwa ngelithi „ukulahleka“. UMbhishophi uKaehler uthi, ngalokho kuphindelwa endleleni uLuther ayewuhumushé ngawo lo musho ngowe-1545. NgokolwesiGrikhi zivumelekile zombili lezi zindlela, kodwá-ke elithi „ukwahlulelwa“ lisondele kakhudlwana emsukweni welesiGrikhi elithi „jikijela“ kunelithi „ukulahleka“. Nokho-ke bakwazile ababecwaninga lapho ukuthi, ngokuligwema leli elithi „ukwahlulelwa“, kuphezwe ukuthatha ngokuthi amaJuda ehlulelelwa phakade nguSmakade. Ngokunjalo-ke le nguquko eyenziwe iyahambisana nombhalo omdala okusukwa kuwo. Ivumelana futhi nendlela uLuther ayekade elihumushé ngayo. Ivumelana futhi nomqondo kaMphostoli uPhawuli othi laba ababekade bengabazalwane bakhe, koPhezukonke akayikuba njengabalahlekileyo.
0
Okhulumayo: Akusizo izinguquko ezenziwe ezingadala ukuthi ozifundelayo uma ethatha isahluko sesishiyagalolunye kuya kweseshumi nanye [9-11] athole umqondo owehluké kakhulu ngezenhlalisano phakathi kwamaJuda namaKhristu kunawuthola uma eqhathanisa nelangowe-1984. Lokho akuvezwa yizinguquko ezenzwe embhalweni obuhunyushwa, zivezwa yindlela lo mphumela owethulwa ngayo. Abebebukeza bebenelungelo elibanzi kakhulu kulokho. Ikakhulukazi encwadini kwabaRoma lisetshenziswé kakhulu lelo lungelo.
Lokho kuphathelene ikakhulukazi nezihloko zezindima ezingesiyo ingxenye yombhalo omdala okusukwa kuwo [zizifakelwe muva-nje ngokuzibonela kwabahumushayo nababhalayo]. Esinye sezihloko ngokuzayo sizothi „uSmakade akasidikilanga isizwe sakhe“. Phambilini kwakuthiwa lapho: „Akusiye wonke uIzrayeli onhliziyo zilukhuni“. Isihloko esithi „uIzrayeli akanakuxolelwa“ sesuliwe-nje impela. Esihlokweni esithi „Ubulungiswa ngokomthetho nobulungiswa ngokokholo“ abesandulela indima uPhawuli achaza kuyo umehluko phakathi kwemfundiso ngezenkolo yobuJuda neyobuKhristu, sekuvele esikha phezulu-nje, esithi „uMzabalazo wokwaZisana nokuBonelelana“.
Nasezinhlamvini ezigxotshwe kanzima embhalweni, obekubekiswa ngazo amavesi abalulekile ebhaybhelini ngokukaLuther, kwenziwe izinguquko eziningi. Ebhaybhelini elisha ivesi elithi „OPhezukonke akayukusidikila isizwe abekade ezikhethelé sona“ evesini lesibili esahlukweni seshumi nanye kweyabaseRoma [Rom 11,2], sezizogxotshwa kanzima izinhlamvu kulowo mbhalo. Emabhaybhelini amadala leli vesi belingesilo elinye lalawo ayegxotshwé kanzima. Izinguquko ezinjalo ethasisela okuthile embhalweni omdala ungaguquliwe. Abacubunguli bathi ngalokho bazama ukupheza umkhuba wenzondo nokuhlambalaza amaJuda owawusuwejwayeleka. Imibono iyehluka-ke nokho ukuthi emzamweni wabo akwenzeki yini lapha nalaphaya baphaphalaze, bashaye eceleni.
Kuhle-ke ukuthi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa-nje yilowo nalowo usengazibonela azifundele yena ngokuthanda. Kusukela ngomhla weshumi nesishiyagalolunye kwephezulu [19 Okthoba] lizobe selitholakala ezitolo ibhaybheli ngokukaLuther elibukezwé kabusha. Nongavumelani nanoma yiyiphi-nje inguquko embhalweni, akawukuthola okunye okungcono emizamweni yokubikezela nokumemela emicimbini yoMkhosi wemiNyaka engamaKhulu amaHlanu [500] woCandulo. Ibhaybheli ngokukaLuther liwubufakazi benzulu yesipho umCanduli ayenaso sokwakha nesokusebenzisa ulwimi namandla emibhalo yebhaybheli okwathi bonke abaCanduli babambelela kuyo. Likhuthaza ofundayo ukuthi azihlolele yena ukuthi uwubona uphumelele kangakanani lo mzamo wokubukezela owe-2017. Nalapho njalo, ekuzithatheleni isinqumo ngokwakho, kuzwakala inzuzo eyaverzwa ubuphrothestanti.
– – – –
*NguBheni wakwaKhumalo eBaQulusini eKwaMachanca eJalimane [Dr Ben Khumalo-Seegelken], uMholi weViyo leziKhuthali oBanjiwaneni lokuHumusha nokuBhala kabusha iBhaybheli ngesiZulu [Biblia Zuluensis]; uMtapo woLwazi: Reinhard Bingener, „Die neue Luther-Bibel wagt die Rückkehr zum Deutsch des Reformators“, in: Glaubenssachen, Norddeutscher Rundfunk [NDR], Religion und Gesellschaft, Hannover: Sonntag, 16. Oktober 2016, 08.40 Uhr.


c: text/html

text:
Ngenkathi abanye amahhashi asendle kwalabo abasala emhlabeni wonke badabuka kwabashubile bokuqala kunezinhlanga ezifana ne przwalski Akusuki kuma-equine asekhaya. Ezinye izinhlanga ezifana no-el I-Mustang Ziyimfuyo evikelekile e-United States ezalwa ngamahhashi alethwe ngabahlali eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-400 eyedlule ngabahlali baseMelika.
Amahhashi asendle ngokuziphatha kwawo zihamba ngamaqembu noma ngemihlambi ephethwe yiduna noma ihhashi kanye nabesifazane abaningana abanakekela amaphuphu abo. Ngokuqondene namahhashi amancane, ahlala emhlambini aze afinyelele ekuvuthweni ngokocansi, lesi yisikhathi lapho exoshwa khona ukujoyina omunye umhlambi kanye nezinye izinsikazi.
Owesilisa ovelele womhlambi uphethe ukuvikela umhlambi ngazo zonke izinhlobo zakhe futhi awuvikele ikakhulukazi kwamanye amahhashi asendle ahlangana nezinsikazi zeqembu, empeleni uhlala ekugcineni kweqembu ukuxwayisa izimbila ingozi uma ikhona.
Amahhashi iningi lezilwane zomphakathi, njengoba amalungu omhlambi ehlangana namanye amahhashi futhi ngokuqhubekayo sebenzisa uhlelo lokuxhumana ukuze ozakwabo bazi ukuthi bafunani nokuthi yini abangayifuni.
Imvelo eqondisa amahhashi asendle inamandla kakhulu futhi ibeka isimilo sazo. Futhi bayakwazi hlukanisa ama-flavour njengoshukela, umunyu, usawoti nomuncu. Ihhashi lasendle limi ngemilenze emithathu ukuphumula. Lolo thando luvela emuva, lapho babesengozini yokubanjwa esinye isilwane ebusuku.
Namuhla kukhona izinqolobane zamahhashi asendle ukugcina uhlobo lwazo futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthola umjaho ocishe ungasekho. Bayingxenye yemvelo yasemakhaya futhi bavakashelwa abantu abafuna ukuthatha uhambo babuyele emuva ngesikhathi. Kunamapaki amaningi emvelo eYurophu naseSpain, njengeSalguero de Juarros.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
I-Android iyisistimu yokusebenza evamise ukuphepha uma isetshenziswa kumadivayisi eselula., kungaba amafoni, amaphilisi, i-Smart TV namanye amagajethi. Njengakwamanye amasistimu, izosicela izimvume ezithile lapho usebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ozifakile kutheminali.
Ngokuqinisekile awunikezi ukubaluleka uma kuziwa ekunikezeni uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye olufakwe ku-smartphone yakho, nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi kufanele ubuyekeze ngayinye yazo. Imvume ivula umnyango, ngethuluzi uzokwazi ukufinyelela endaweni yokugcina, amakhamera noma amanye amapharamitha eselula yakho.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza okufanele sizivumele ukufinyelela kuzo kuphela uma zisetshenziswa? Kungumbuzo abaningi abazibuza wona, nakuba kwesinye isikhathi kuzoncika ekusetshenzisweni ofuna ukukunika insizakalo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo esheshayo zivame ukucela ukugunyazwa kwazo zonke izimvume, ngalokho kushiya iphuzu elikhulu lokuba sengozini.
Inkomba
Qaphela ngezimvume ezithile
Indawo ingenye yezimvume eziyingozi kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho bazokwazi ukwazi ngezingosi oke waba kuzo ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuyancomeka ukuthi ungakuniki ukufinyelela kulokhu ngaphandle uma kudingekile, nakuba kungakuthinti, ngenxa yalokhu izinkampani ziyakwazi ukuthola ulwazi ongase uluthakasele.
Uhlelo lokusebenza, olunokufinyelela okuthile, luzokwazi ukufinyelela ifoni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingemuva noma ayivuliwe. Izimvume ezehlukene zibalulekile ngokusebenza nolwazi lohlelo lokusebenza, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ulunikeze futhi ulususe uma ungeke ulusebenzise.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ezitholakala ku-Google Play Isitolo zizocela ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izimvume zedivayisi, umsebenzisi ozogcina enquma ukuthi uzoyinika ngayinye yazo noma cha. Imvume yoxhumana nabo ingenye into engalungile, okungenani uma ucabanga ukuthi kuyabanda. Ukufinyelela kunikeza imisebenzi ethile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza uma usuthole imvume.
Yiziphi izimvume okufanele uziqaphele?
Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu indawo, ngenxa yalokhu, kufanele wenze le nketho isebenze ocingweni, uma ungakwenzi, izokuthumela kuyo ukuze uyivule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isinqumo sokuvula noma ukuvala le mvume sizokwenza uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenze noma lungasebenzi.
Ingenye yezimvume okuthi uma ungayinakekeli idlale ngawe, futhi ngalokhu uthola ukwazi ukuthi ubukuphi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Imikhiqizo efana neHuawei ikunikeza imvume ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, uma usuyekile ukuyisebenzisa noma ukuyivala, ngeke isebenze futhi kuyatuseka ukwenza lokhu ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Uma unikeze ukufinyelela ezithombeni namavidiyo, kungenye into okufanele uyiqaphele kakhulu, lokhu kuvula iminyango ethile futhi uma kuyizithombe ezibalulekile, kungcono ukuyivula ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngenye yalezo zimvume ozoyinikeza ngokuqinisekile futhi awukaze uyibone ngeso lengqondo, ngisho noma ungahamba uyobuyekeza ngayinye ngayinye uma ufuna.
Ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi okugcwele
Umsebenzisi akudingeki anikeze imvume yokufinyelela i-inthanethi, okungenani hhayi ngokuphelele, njengoba lokho kuzovumela noma ubani ukuthi alawule ukusetshenziswa okwenzayo kwenethiwekhi yamanethiwekhi. Lena enye yezimvume okufanele uzinqabe uma uhlelo lokusebenza likucela noma liyidinga ukuthi isetshenziswe.
Izinkampani eziningi zokukhangisa zisebenzisa lokhu ukuletha ukukhangisa kuhlelo lokusebenza oluthile, ngakho-ke iseluleko esingcono kakhulu ukugwema ukukunikeza, kanye nokuphika uma uhlose ukukwenza. Akukhona ukufinyelela okuthola ukukubona njalo, ngakho-ke uma ufaka uhlelo lokusebenza, hlola ngaphambi kokunikeza ngayinye yazo.
Dlula kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ubone ukuthi uyavunyelwa yini noma ukungavunyelwa yindaba yokuchitha okungenani imizuzu eyi-10 nawo wonke, akuningi kakhulu uma utshala kahle. Ukuze ufinyelele kuzo kufanele wenze okulandelayo kudivayisi yakho:
- Finyelela "Izilungiselelo" kufoni yakho
- Chofoza "Izinhlelo zokusebenza" bese "Bona zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza"
- Chofoza okuthi “Izimvume”, ukuze ushintshe imvume chofoza okuthi “Ungavumeli” uma iku-“Vumela”, kanti enye indlela izoba “Vumela” uma ingaphakathi kokuthi “Vumela”
Imvume yendawo
Ukuthola umuntu ngaso sonke isikhathi yinto eyenziwa izinhlelo eziningi namuhla, nakuba kungenjalo konke kuze kube manje. Ngokunikeza le mvume ethile uzodala ukubhalisa, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kube okungalungile, ngakho-ke uma unikeza, kungcono kakhulu ukuthi ukwenze wazi ukuthi inketho ehlukile yenza ukusetshenziswa okuhle.
Izicelo ezifana ne-Facebook ne-WhatsApp zingase zibe ezinye zalezo ezicela indawo yakho noma nini, eyesibili yazo ayabelani ngayo ngaphandle kokuthi unikeze imvume. I-Facebook ibithuthukisa ubumfihlo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele wabelane ngendawo okuyo, nikeza ngokukhethekile indawo ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze abantu bazi ukuthi ukuphi.
Lokhu akunangqondo uma usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo, zama ukukhubaza lokhu uma ufuna ngaphandle kwebhethri elikubamba isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Foursquare, iyimvume ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile, njengoba idinga ukuma ukuze ikuyise kusevisi ofuna ukuyithola.
Imvume yokufinyelela abathintwayo
Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ezidinga ukufinyelela koxhumana nabo befoni yakho ukuze zisebenze, enye yazo i-WhatsApp, izokwenza ukudlulisa oxhumana nabo ohlwini lwabo ukuze bakhulume nabo. Ayisebenzi nanoma yini enye ngaphandle kwenombolo, kuyilapho ngokwesibonelo iTelegram ikufanele, ngokwesibonelo, igama lomsebenzisi.
Ubumfihlo bubalulekile, uma ungakuniki lokhu kufinyelela kungenzeka ukuthi ayikusebenzeli, ngakho-ke into efanele ukuthi uyinike le mvume uma usuyifakile. Okwenziwayo ngeke kufane, ngakho-ke uma unikeza imvume, kuzohamba kahle njengoba ukwenze okokuqala uzama uhlelo lokusebenza.


text:
Ikhambi lohudo
Imininingwane yomkhiqizo
Amathegi womkhiqizo
Ukwelashwa kwe-Proventriculitis
Ukwakhiwa: i-aconite, i-fangfeng, i-pinellia, i-tangerine peel, i-poria, i-asarum, i-jujube, i-angelica, i-astragalus, i-licorice, i-ginger eyomile.
Inkomba: Imihlambi yenkukhu engakhuli kahle nentuthuko, amaqembu amakhulu namancane, imilenze yenkukhu emhlophe, indle engaphelele, engagayeki, engenawo umbala okhethekile nephunga, izimpaphe zibuthuntu futhi zingcolile, futhi kunamanzi amaningi afuthwe ukudla ebusweni umkhombe ngenxa yokuphalazwa kwezinkukhu, Nciphisa ukudla okudliwayo nokukhiqizwa okuhamba kancane.


text:
Everson Luhanga
USayitsheni uMatome Rapetsoa ubesendleleni eyolanda imoto yakhe esiteshini samaphoyisa e-Tembisa South ezoqala ishifu yakhe yasekuseni ngesikhathi kuqhamuka amadoda amathathu eza kuye.
Enye yala madoda yamkhomba ngesibhamu yathi akaphakamise izandla.
Kodwa okungazange kubhekwe yizigebengu ukuthi uMatome, ozinze esiteshini samaphoyisa e-Tembisa Rabasotho, ubesephoyisa iminyaka eyi-17.
Leli phoyisa elihlakaniphile lehlise umoya, lakhipha isibhamu salo ladubula le ndoda ehlomile ethangeni.
“Ngidubule lo wesilisa ngesibhamu. Abanye babo ababili babukeke bengenazo izikhali,” kusho uMatome, oqapha iziboshwa nabasolwa abangeniswe esibhedlela.
Le enye yamadoda ebaleke endaweni yesehlakalo – kanti njengamanje uMatome ugada yena lo msolwa esibhedlela sase-Tembisa kuwadi ye-19.
“Ngisebenze kule ndawo izinyanga eziyisikhombisa lapho ngigada khona abasolwa ngobugebengu. Abanye bayizigebengu ezibandakanyeka ekudutshulweni kanti abanye bayagula nje,” kusho uMatome.
“Bonke bayiswa kule wadi egadwe ngamaphoyisa futhi ngingomunye wamaphoyisa agadayo.”
UMatome uthe lesi sehlakalo simhlukumeze kakhulu futhi usefune usizo lochwepheshe.
UMatome ushayelwe ihlombe ngamalungu omphakathi abelokhu elwa nezigebengu endaweni.
Ilungu lomphakathi uMlungsi Ncube uthe uzwe kuqhuma isibhamu ngaphandle komuzi wakhe.
“Ngesikhathi ngivula iwindi lekamelo lami lokulala ngibone owesilisa phansi kanti iphoyisa belimile eduze kwakhe limxwayisa ukuthi angabaleki,” kusho uMlungisi.
UMlungsi uthe sekuqubuke izigameko eziningi zobugebengu endaweni lapho amadoda ahlomile ephuca abantu izimpahla zabo.
“Leli phoyisa libe nesibindi sokwehlula izigebengu esikholwa ukuthi bezisabisa abantu endaweni,” kusho uMlungsi.
Okhulumela amaphoyisa uKaputeni Manyaza Ralidziba uthe baphenya amacala okuzama ukubamba inkunzi nokutholakala nezibhamu nezinhlamvu ezingekho emthethweni.


text:
Njengoba ngihleli ngilalele i-T20 freak-show (imshaya kabi noma iyiphi insipho esekelwe kumfazi ayibukayo) Kade ngicabanga impikiswano edaleke ngemuva kokuthi i-England iphumule abadlali abahlanu abalulekile ochungechungeni lwe-ODI.
UCaptain Cook, Bell, Graeme Swann, UJimmy Anderson nokaputeni we-T20 uStuart Broad bonke baphakamise izinyawo futhi bavumela i-England entsha ebukeka ibambe ama-Aussies ochungechungeni lwemidlalo emihlanu.
Owayengukaputeni uMichael Vaughan uke washo amazwi akhe futhi uStuart Broad uxoshile emuva. Imithombo yezindaba iye Yebo Bagibela a mpikiswano enempilo futhi wabashukumisa bayifaka kancane ilandelana.
Kimi kukhona pluses kanye minuses nhlangothi zombili. Ngaphambilini ngangiphikisana ngokunikeza abantu abaningi abangaphandle kwe-XI yokuqala ithuba lokugqama lapho kungakhathalekile. Uchungechunge lwemidlalo emihlanu luphelele kulokho. Ibuye ivumele abadlali ababalulekile ithuba lokuphumula kulokho okusohlwini oluzoba nzima kakhulu lwemidlalo yamazwe omhlaba.
Kodwa ngempela! Abadlali abahlanu? Lokho kubonakala kwakuwukweqisa. Cook kwaba off uhlobo emidlalweni test. isikhathi Kuphela phakathi uya ukwenza ngcono. Angibuboni futhi ubungozi kwabanye abadlala amameshi ambalwa noma kunjalo - ngamunye. You can then bring the new players in to a strong team with well established players.
Sekukonke ngicabanga ukuthi isinqumo esibi sisonke. And as Vaughan argues it’s a bit disappointing to the punters who have splashed out on expensive tickets.
Ngithole lokhu ewusizo? Sicela musa usazise ngokuyeka isikole amazwana ngezansi. Uma ungathanda ukuba ubhalise sicela usebenzise ubhalisele isixhumanisi on the imenyu at ilungelo phezulu. Ungase futhi wabelane le nabangani bakho ngokusebenzisa links social ngezansi. cheers.


text:
Ifektri Ikhwalithi Ephakeme Engagqwali I-Stainless Jawless Skull Ring Gold Plated
Imininingwane yomkhiqizo
Amathegi womkhiqizo
Ifektri Ikhwalithi Ephakeme Engagqwali I-Stainless Jawless Skull Ring Gold Plated
1, impahla: Insimbi Engagqwali
2, iphakethe lenqwaba: 1pc ngesikhwama se-opp, ama-50pcs ngesikhwama esikhulu se-opp, ama-500-1000pcs ibhokisi ngalinye
3, iphakethe lokuthengisa: 1pc ibhokisi lesipho ngalinye
4, into engeyona iNickel, i-chromium, lead, ephephile emzimbeni wakho kungakhathalekile ukuthi ugqoka isikhathi esingakanani. Finyelela UMBIKO, ROSH, isitifiketi se-CE.
I-5, Yenziwe Ngekhwalithi Engenasici Engagqwali, Eqinile Futhi Ehlala Njalo.Impahla enempilo.Ibuso obuphakeme obuphakathi kwangaphakathi, iSmooth neComfort Fit; Omkhulu Masculine futhi Trendy.
6, Okunye okubalulekile: i-ceramic, titanium, i-tungsten steel, ukhuni njalonjalo
7, Okunye okufakwayo: I-Antler, i-Dragon, i-Fiber, i-Meteorite, i-opal yangempela, i-Turquoise, noma izinto zokuxuba
8, eminye imibala: 14K / 18K / 24K igolide / omnyama / rose igolide / luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka / isiliva / imibala multi kuhlinzwa
9, Obunye usayizi: Usayizi wase-USA kusuka ku- # 4- # 12, noma ulandele usayizi owenziwe ngezifiso
Ubucwebe be-Hardware be-Guangzhou ouyuan buyifektri yokukhiqiza ubucwebe besilisa ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10; kunemishini yamasethi angaphezu kwama-50 enabasebenzi abangama-40, i-10 QC yamasongo aphelele ukulawula ikhwalithi. Lapha izitayela eziningi zamasongo ezinerekhodi leminyaka eyi-9.
Ukusuka eminyakeni engu-2010 kwaqala ivolumu yokuthengisa engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-USD4. Izigidi zendandatho engenalutho esitokweni kuya kusikhathi esifushane sokuhola, imakethe enkulu e-USA, eYurophu, naseMpumalanga Ephakathi Njll Zonke izimpahla ngaphandle kwe-Lead, chromium, nickel, isitifiketi se-CE, ROSH, REACH report.
Lokho esingakwenzela amaklayenti:
QC
1. Ukulawulwa kwesampula, ngeke siqale ukwenza imikhiqizo uze uqinisekise isampula.
2. Yonke imikhiqizo yakho izokwenziwa ngabasebenzi abanamakhono.
3. Sizokhiqiza izimpahla ezi-2 ~ 5% ngaphezulu ukufaka iMikhiqizo Engalungile.
4. Ukupakisha kuzoba ubufakazi bokushaqeka, ubufakazi obumanzi futhi obuvalekile.
Ngemuva kokuthengisa
1. Siyajabula kakhulu ukuthi ikhasimende lisinikeza isiphakamiso sentengo nemikhiqizo.
2. Uma kukhona umbuzo sicela usazise okokuqala nge-imeyili noma ngocingo. Singabhekana nabo ngesikhathi.
3. Sizothumela izitayela eziningi ezintsha njalo ngesonto kumakhasimende ethu amadala
4. Uma imikhiqizo iguguleka ngemuva kokuthola izimpahla, sizonxephezela ngayo kuwe ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi isibopho sethu


text:
Ekuthuthukisweni komshayeli, i-FEELTEK igxile kakhulu ekucindezelweni kwe-drift, ukusheshisa ukusebenza nokulawula ukudubuleka.Ngakho-ke ukwanelisa ukusebenza kwe-scanhead ngaphansi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningi nokuqinisekiswa okuvela kuhlelo lokusebenza, i-FEELTEK ifuna umphakeli ongcono kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi ikhethe umhlinzeki wezingxenye othembekile ophezulu ukuze aqinisekise ukunemba okungcono kakhulu.
Isakhiwo esihlangene kanye nedizayini yebhalansi yemishini yesakhiwo, iqinisekisa ukuzinza.
Sinikeza i-1/8 λ kanye ne-1/4 λ SIC, SI, isibuko se-silica esihlanganisiwe.Izibuko ze-AlI zilandela indinganiso yokwemboza enomkhawulo wokulimala ophakathi nendawo nophezulu, yingakho iqinisekisa ukubonakaliswa okufanayo ngaphansi kwama-engeli ahlukene.
Ngeplathifomu yokulinganisa inzwa yokunemba okuphezulu, i-FEELTEK yenza umugqa, ukulungiswa kanye nedatha yezinga lokushisa lokukhukhula imiphumela ye-eksisi eguqukayo ingabonakala.Ikhwalithi iqinisekisiwe.
I-modularization yebhulokhi ngayinye, njengegeyimu ye-LEGO, kulula kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni okuningi.
Ngokulawula kwe-axis emithathu, ingakwazi ukuzuza isikali sohlelo lokusebenza lwensimu enkulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukugxila okuguquguqukayo, yephula umkhawulo wokumaka okuvamile, futhi ayikwazi ukuhlanekezela ukumaka endaweni yezinga elikhulu, indawo eyi-3D, izinyathelo, indawo yekhoni, indawo emthambekeni nezinye izinto.
I-axis eguquguqukayo isebenzisana ne-XY axis scanhead, ingakwazi ukuzuza kalula ukukhululeka okunezingqimba, ukuqoshwa okujulile nokugcizelelwa kokwakheka.


text:
Ingqikithi KaKristu Ukuthobela Intando KaBaba Osezulwini
UNkulunkulu osesimweni somuntu kuthiwa nguKristu, kanti uKristu uyinyama embethwe uMoya kaNkulunkulu. Le nyama ayifani nomuntu oyinyama. Lo mehluko wenziwa ukuthi uKristu akayena owenyama negazi kodwa usesimweni somuntu kaMoya. Unesimo sobuntu obujwayelekile nobunkulunkulu obuphelele. Akekho umuntu onobunkulunkulu Bakhe. Ubuntu Bakhe obujwayelekile busekela yonke imisebenzi Yakhe ejwayelekile esenyameni, kanti ubunkulunkulu bona benza umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe. Noma ngabe ubuntu noma ubunkulunkulu Bakhe, kokubili kuthobela intando kaBaba osezulwini. Ingqikithi kaKristu uMoya, okungukuthi, ubunkulunkulu. Ngalokho-ke, ingqikithi Yakhe ngekaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe; le ngqikithi angeke iwuphazamise umsebenzi Wakhe, futhi akukho angakwenza okubulala umsebenzi Wakhe, futhi angeke akhulume amazwi aphambana nentando Yakhe. Ngakho-ke, uNkulunkulu osesimweni somuntu angeke awenze umsebenzi ozophazamisa ukuphatha Kwakhe. Yilokhu okumele bonke abantu bakuqonde. Umongo womsebenzi kaMoya oNgcwele ukusindisa abantu ngenxa yokuphatha kukaNkulunkulu. Kanjalo, umsebenzi kaKristu ukusindisa abantu ngenxa yentando kaNkulunkulu. Ngokuthi uNkulunkulu uba yinyama, uyabazi ingqikithi Bakhe enyameni Yakhe, ngendlela yokuthi inyama Yakhe yanele ukwenza umsebenzi Wakhe. Ngalokho-ke, wonke umsebenzi kaMoya kaNkulunkulu uthathelwa indawo umsebenzi kaKristu ngesikhathi sokuba sesimweni somuntu, kanti futhi umongo wawo wonke umsebenzi ngesikhathi sokuba sesimweni somuntu ungumsebenzi kaKristu. Awukwazi ukuhlanganyelwa nomsebenzi wangenye inkathi. Futhi njengoba uNkulunkulu eba yinyama, usebenza ngokuba sesimweni somuntu; njengoba eza esenyameni, umsebenzi okumele awenze uwuphelelisa esenyameni. Noma ngabe uMoya kaNkulunkulu noma uKristu, konke kunguNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, futhi wenza umsebenzi okumele awenze enze nenkonzo okumele ayenze.
Ingqikithi kaNkulunkulu uqobo lwayo isebenzisa igunya, kodwa uyakwazi ukuthobela ngokuphelele igunya eliphuma Kuye. Noma ngabe umsebenzi kaMoya noma umsebenzi wenyama, akungqubuzani. Amandla kaMoya kaNkulunkulu anegunya phezu kwendalo yonke. Inyama enengqikithi kaNkulunkulu nayo inegunya, kodwa uNkulunkulu osenyameni angenza wonke umsebenzi olalela intando kaBaba Osezulwini. Lokhu ngeke kutholwe noma kuqondwe umuntu. UNkulunkulu uqobo unamandla, kodwa inyama Yakhe ingathobela igunya Lakhe. Lokhu yincazelo ejulile yamazwi athi: “UKristu uthobela intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba.” UNkulunkulu unguMoya futhi angenza umsebenzi wokusindisa, njengoba uNkulunkulu engaba umuntu. Kodwa-ke, uNkulunkulu uqobo wenza umsebenzi Wakhe; akaphazamisi noma agxambukele, futhi akawenzi umsebenzi ophikisanayo, ngoba ingqikithi yomsebenzi owenziwa uMoya nowenziwa inyama uyafana. Noma ngabe uMoya noma inyama, kokubili kwenzelwe ukugcwalisa intando eyodwa nokuphatha umsebenzi ofanayo. Yize noma uMoya nenyama kunezinto ezingafani, ingqikithi bako buyafana; kokubili kunongqikithi bukaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, kanye nobuNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe. UNkulunkulu uqobo akanakho ukungalaleli; ingqikithi Yakhe ilungile. Uyikho konke okuhle nokulungile, futhi uwuthando lonke. Noma esenyameni, uNkulunkulu akenzi into yokungalaleli uNkulunkulu uBaba. Ngisho noma ngabe kusho ukuthi akanikele ngempilo Yakhe, uzokwenza ngenhliziyo ekhululekile angafuni ukukhetha okunye. UNkulunkulu akanakho ukuzilungisa nokuzibona ebalulekile, noma ukuzidla nokuzikhukhumeza; akanakho ukungathembeki. Konke lokhu okungalaleli uNkulunkulu kuqhamuka kuSathane; uSathane nguye umsuka wobubi nenkohlakalo. Isizathu esenza ukuthi umuntu abe nezici ezifana nezikaSathane ukuthi umuntu wonakaliswe waphinde wasetshenzwa nguSathane. UKristu akonakalisiwe nguSathane, yikho enezimpawu zikaNkulunkulu futhi azikho ezikaSathane. Noma ngabe umsebenzi unzima kangakanani noma inyama ibuthaka kangakanani, uNkulunkulu, esaphila enyameni, angeke enze okuzophazamisa umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu uqobo, ingaphathwa eyokushiya intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba ngokungalaleli. Angancamela ukuzwa izinhlungu zenyama kunokuthi aphambane nentando kaNkulunkulu uBaba; kunjengoba uJesu asho emkhulekweni. “Baba, uma kungenzeka, mayidlule le ndebe Kimi; kodwa kungabi ngentando Yami, kodwa kube ngentando Yakho.” Umuntu uyokhetha, kodwa uKristu angeke akhethe. Yize enomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, kodwa usafuna ukwenza intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba, agcwalisele lokhu uNkulunkulu uBaba amethembe ngakho, ngasohlangothini lwenyama. Lokhu into umuntu angeke akwazi ukuyenza. Lokhu okuphuma kuSathane akunangqikithi kaNkulunkulu, kunokungalaleli nokuphikisa uNkulunkulu. Angeke kumlalele ngokuphelele uNkulunkulu, futhi ngeke kuyithobele intando kaNkulunkulu. Bonke abantu ngaphandle kukaKristu bangakwenza lokhu okuphikisa uNkulunkulu, futhi akekho noyedwa ongamukela umsebenzi athenjwe uNkulunkulu ngawo; akekho noyedwa ongakwazi ukubona ukuphatha kukaNkulunkulu njengomsebenzi wabo okumele bawenze. Ukuthobela intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba kuyingqikithi kaKristu; ukungalaleli uNkulunkulu kufana noSathane. Lezi zinto zombili azihambelani, futhi noma ubani onalezi zici zikaSathane angeke abizwe ngoKristu. Isizathu esenza ukuthi umuntu angakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu esikhundleni Sakhe yingoba umuntu akanaso nesisodwa isimo sengqikithi kaNkulunkulu. Umuntu usebenzela uNkulunkulu ngoba efuna ukuzuza okwakhe nekusasa lakhe, kodwa uKristu usebenzela ukwenza intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba.
Ubuntu bukaKristu bubuswa ubunkulunkulu Bakhe. Yize noma esenyameni, ubuntu Bakhe abufani ncamashi nalobo bomuntu wenyama. Unesimo Sakhe esihlukile, naso futhi sibuswa ubunkulunkulu Bakhe. UbuNkulunkulu Bakhe abunabuthaka; ubuthaka bukaKristu buchaza lobo obobuntu Bakhe. Ngezinga elithile, lobu buthaka bucindezela ubunkulunkulu Bakhe, kodwa imikhawulo efana nale iphakathi komthamo nesikhathi esithile, futhi ayinamkhawulo. Uma kufika isikhathi sokwenza umsebenzi Wakhe wobunkulunkulu, wenziwa ngaphandle kokunaka ubuntu Bakhe. Ubuntu bukaKristu buholwa ubunkulunkulu Bakhe ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwempilo Yakhe ejwayelekile yobuntu Bakhe, konke okunye ukwenza kobuntu Bakhe kuthonywa, kuthintwe futhi kuqondiswe ubunkulunkulu Bakhe. Yize uKristu enobuntu, abuwuphazamisi umsebenzi wobunkulunkulu Bakhe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuntu bukaKristu buholwa ubunkulunkulu Bakhe; yize ubuntu Bakhe bungavuthiwe endleleni aziphatha ngayo phambi kwabanye, akuwuthinti umsebenzi ojwayelekile wobunkulunkulu Bakhe. Uma ngithi ubuntu Bakhe abonakaliswanga, ngisho ukuthi ubuntu bukaKristu bungaqondiswa ngqo ubunkulunkulu Bakhe, nokuthi unobuhlakani obuphezulu kunalobo bomuntu ojwayelekile. Ubuntu Bakhe bufanele ukuholwa ubunkulunkulu obusemsebenzini Wakhe; Ubuntu Bakhe bukwazi kakhulu ukuveza umsebenzi wobunkulunkulu, futhi buyakwazi kakhulu ukuthobela umsebenzi ofana nalowo. Njengoba uNkulunkulu esebenza enyameni, akakhohlwa umsebenzi okumele wenziwe umuntu osenyameni; uyakwazi ukudumisa uNkulunkulu ezulwini ngenhliziyo eneqiniso. Unengqikithi kaNkulunkulu, kanti ubuyena yilobu bukaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe. Ukuthi nje uze emhlabeni waba umuntu odaliwe, waba nomzimba womuntu odaliwe, futhi manje unobuntu ayengenabo ngaphambilini; uyakwazi ukudumisa uNkulunkulu ezulwini. Lokhu ukuba uNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe futhi uhlukile kumuntu. Ubuyena bunguNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe. Kungokwenyama okwenza ukuthi adumise uNkulunkulu; ngakho-ke, amazwi athi “uKristu udumisa uNkulunkulu ezulwini” awalona iphutha. Akufunayo kumuntu ubuyena; usekufezile konke lokho akucelile kumuntu ngaphambi kokucela lokhu kubo. Angeke afune izinto kubantu ebe Yena engazenzi, ngoba konke lokhu kwenza ubuyena. Ngale kokuthi uwenza kanjani umsebenzi Wakhe, angeke angamlaleli uNkulunkulu. Noma ngabe yini ayicela kubantu, akukho okungaphezu kwalokho umuntu akwazi ukukwenza. Konke akwenzayo ukwenza intando kaNkulunkulu futhi kungenxa yokuphatha Kwakhe. Ubunkulunkulu bukaKristu bungaphezulu kwabo bonke abantu, ngakho-ke unegunya phezu kwezidalwa zonke. Leli gunya lingubunkulunkulu Bakhe, isimo nobuyena bukaNkulunkulu uqobo, okusho ubuyena. Ngalokho, noma ngabe ubuntu Bakhe bujwayeleke kangakanani, kungephikwe ukuthi unobuyena obunguNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe; noma ngabe ukuphi uyakhuluma futhi noma kanjani uthobela intando kaNkulunkulu, angeke kuthiwe akayena uNkulunkulu uqobo. Abantu abayizilima nabangenalwazi bahlala bethi ubuntu obujwayelekile bukaKristu buyiphutha. Noma engakuveza kanjani ubunkulunkulu Bakhe, abantu bayahluleka ukuvuma ukuthi unguKristu. Uma uKristu eveza ukulalela nokuthobeka Kwakhe, yilapho abantu abangezona kakhulu izilima bembona njengoKristu. Kukhona nalabo abamkhipha inyumbazane nokwedelela, kodwa babeke “amadoda amakhulu” aneziqu eziphakeme phezu kwetafula ukuba akhonzwe. Ukuphikisa nokungalaleli kwabantu uNkulunkulu kubangelwa ukuthi ingqikithi kaNkulunkulu ophila enyameni ithobela intando kaNkulunkulu, kanjalo nobuntu obujwayelekile bukaKristu; kulapho kukhona umsuka wokuphikisa nokungalaleli uNkulunkulu. Ukuba uKristu ubengenakho ukuzifihla ebuntwini noma engayifuni intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba ngokubona kwabantu abadaliwe, kodwa egcwele ubuntu obukhulu, mhlawumbe ngabe akekho umuntu ongalaleli. Into eyenza ukuthi abantu bafune ukukholwa kuNkulunkulu ongabonakali osezulwini ukuthi uNkulunkulu osezulwini akanabo ubuntu futhi akanakho nokukodwa okufana nokomuntu odaliweyo. Ngakho-ke abantu bamthatha njengomkhulu kunabo, kodwa banakho ukungamfuni uKristu.
Yize uKristu emhlabeni ekwazi ukusebenza egameni likaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, akezi ngenhloso yokutshengisa bonke abantu umfanekiso Wakhe esenyameni. Akezelanga ukuthi bonke abantu bambone; uzele ukuthi avumele abantu ukuthi bavume ukuholwa isandla Sakhe, bese bengena enkathini entsha. Umsebenzi wenyama kaKristu ngowomsebenzi kaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, okusho ukuthi, ngowomsebenzi kaNkulunkulu enyameni, hhayi ukuvumela abantu ukuthi baqonde ngokugcwele ingqikithi Yakhe yenyama. Noma ngabe usebenza kanjani, akukwedluli lokhu okutholakala enyameni. Noma ngabe usebenza kanjani, ukwenza lokhu esenyameni enobuntu obujwayelekile, futhi akabavezeli ngokugcwele abantu ubuso beqiniso bukaNkulunkulu. Phezu kwalokho, umsebenzi Wakhe enyameni awubi ngaphezulu kwamandla emvelo noma ungalinganiseki njengoba umuntu ecabanga. Yize noma uKristu emele uNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe enyameni futhi ewenza Yena umsebenzi okumele wenziwe uNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, akakuphiki ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona ezulwini, futhi akajahi ukumemezela imisebenzi Yakhe. Kunalokho, uhlala ecashile enyameni Yakhe. Ngaphandle kukaKristu, labo abazibiza ngokungelona iqiniso ngoKristu abanakho lokho anakho Yena. Uma eqhathaniswa nesimo soKristu bamanga abazidlayo nabaziphakamisa, kuyacaca ukuthi unhloboni yenyama uKristu. Ukukhula kwezinga lamanga abayiwo, kwenza laba oKristu bamanga baziveze, kanti futhi kulapho beba namandla okwenza izimpawu nezimangaliso ukuze bakhohlise abantu. OKristu bamanga abanaso isimo sikaNkulunkulu; uKristu akangcoliswa nawokuncane nje okungokoKristu bamanga. UNkulunkulu uba yinyama kuphela ukuze aphelelise umsebenzi wenyama, hhayi ngoba efuna ukuthi abantu bambone. Kunalokho, wenza umsebenzi Wakhe ukuthi kube yiwo oqinisekisa ubuyena, avumele lokhu akuvezayo ukuthi kufakazele ingqikithi Yakhe. Ingqikithi yakhe inesisekelo; ubuyena abubanjiwe yisandla Sakhe; kodwa bubonakaliswa umsebenzi Wakhe nengqikithi Yakhe. Yize enengqikithi kaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe futhi ekwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu uqobo, nalapho useyinyama akafani noMoya. Akayena uNkulunkulu onesimo sikaMoya; unguNkulunkulu onomzimba wenyama. Ngalokho-ke, noma engajwayeleka kanjani noma engaba buthaka kanjani, noma ngabe uyifuna kanjani intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba, ubunkulunkulu Bakhe bungebuphikwe. Esimweni somuntu uNkulunkulu ukhona hhayi kuphela ngobuntu obujwayelekile nobuthaka babo; kukhona nokungaphezu okungubuhle nobunkulunkulu Bakhe obungeqondwe, kanjalo nayo yonke imisebenzi Yakhe esenyameni. Ngalokho-ke, kokubili ubuntu nobunkulunkulu bukuKristu empeleni kukhona ngaphakathi kuKristu. Lokhu akulona ize noma akukho ngaphezu kwamandla emvelo. Uze emhlabeni ephokophelele into eyodwa ukwenza umsebenzi Wakhe; kubalulekile ukuthi ube nobuntu obujwayelekile ukuze wenze umsebenzi emhlabeni; ngale kwalokho, noma ngabe makhulu kangakanani amandla obunkulunkulu Bakhe, umsebenzi wakho wokuqala angeke ube namsebenzi. Yize ubuntu Bakhe bubaluleke kakhulu, abuyona ingqikithi Yakhe. Ingqikithi Yakhe ubunkulunkulu; ngakho-ke, uma nje eqala ukwenza inkonzo Yakhe emhlabeni kulapho eqala khona ukuveza ubuyena bobunkulunkulu Bakhe. Ubuntu Bakhe benzelwe kuphela ukusimamisa impilo ejwayelekile yenyama Yakhe ukuze ubunkulunkulu Bakhe buzokwenza umsebenzi Wakhe ngokujwayelekile enyameni; ubunkulunkulu obuqondisa wonke umsebenzi Wakhe. Uma ewuqeda umsebenzi Wakhe, uzobe esephelelise inkonzo Yakhe. Umuntu okumele akwazi umsebenzi Wakhe ophelelisiwe, futhi umsebenzi Wakhe ozokwenza ukuthi abantu bamazi. Ngenkathi enza umsebenzi Wakhe, kulapho eveza khona ubunkulunkulu Bakhe, okuyisimo esingangcoliswa ubuntu, noma ubuyena obungcoliswe imicabango nendlela yokuziphatha yomuntu. Uma sifika isikhathi sokuthi inkonzo Yakhe yonke ipheleliswe, uzobe esephelelise waphinde waveza ngokuphelele isimo okumele asiveze. Umsebenzi Wakhe awuyalelwa ngumuntu; ukuveza isimo Sakhe nakho ukwenza ngokukhululeka, akulawulwa yingqondo noma kucatshangwe imicabango, kodwa kuvezwa ngokwendalo. Lokhu angeke kutholwe yinoma ubani. Noma ngabe izimo ezimuhaqile zinzima noma izimo zingavumi, uyakwazi ukuveza isimo Sakhe ngesikhathi esifanele. Lowo onguKristu uveza ubuKristu, kanti labo abangasikho abanaso isimo sikaKristu. Ngalokho-ke, noma bonke bemphikisa noma benemibono Ngaye, akekho ongaphikisa ngokombono wabantu ukuthi isimo esivezwa nguKristu singesikaNkulunkulu. Bonke laba abalandela uKristu ngenhliziyo eneqiniso noma abafuna uNkulunkulu ngenhloso bazovuma ukuthi unguKristu ngenxa yokuvezwa yisimo sobunkulunkulu Bakhe. Angeke bamphike uKristu ngenxa yanoma ikuphi okunye Kwakhe okungahambisani nokucatshangwa umuntu. Yize umuntu enobulima, bonke bayazi ukuthi iyini intando yomuntu nokuthi yikuphi okuvela kuNkulunkulu. Kungukuthi nje abantu abaningi baphikisa ngabomu uKristu ngenxa yezinhloso zabo. Uma kungengenxa yalokhu, akekho umuntu ongaba nesizathu sokuphika ubukhona bukaKristu, ngoba ubunkulunkulu obuvezwa nguKristu bukhona ngempela, futhi umsebenzi Wakhe ungabonwa ngamehlo enyama.
Umsebenzi nokuvezwa uKristu kuveza ingqikithi Bakhe. Uyakwazi ukuqeda ngenhliziyo eneqiniso konke lokhu athenjwe ngakho. Uyakwazi ukudumisa uNkulunkulu osezulwini ngenhliziyo eneqiniso, futhi ngenhliziyo eneqiniso afune intando kaNkulunkulu uBaba. Konke lokhu kuvezwa ingqikithi Yakhe. Kanjalo nokwembuleka kwendalo kuvezwa ingqikithi Yakhe; isizathu sokuthi ukwembuleka Kwakhe kwendalo kubizwe kanjena ukuthi lokhu akuvezayo akukhona okokufanekisa, noma umphumela wokufundiswa umuntu, noma umphumela weminyaka eminingi elungiswa ngumuntu. Akazange akufunde noma azihlobise ngakho; kunalokho, kuyinto engaphathi Kuye. Abantu bangawuphika umsebenzi Wakhe, lokhu akuvezayo, ubuntu Bakhe, kanye nayo yonke impilo yobuntu Bakhe obujwayelekile, kodwa akekho ongaphika ukuthi ukhonza uNkulunkulu osezulwini ngenhliziyo eneqiniso; akekho ongaphika ukuthi uzile ukuzofeza intando kaBaba wasezulwini, akekho futhi ongaphika ubuqotho afuna ngabo uNkulunkulu uBaba. Yize isithombe Sakhe singazithokozisi izinzwa, inkulumo Yakhe ingenawo umoya ongaphezu kokuvamile, nomsebenzi Wakhe unganyakazisi umhlaba noma unyakazise izulu njengoba umuntu ecabanga, ngempela unguKristu, ofeza intando kaBaba osezulwini ngenhliziyo eneqiniso, othobela ngokugcwele uBaba osezulwini, futhi othoba kuze kube sekufeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingqikithi Yakhe yingqikithi kaKristu. Kunzima ukuthi abantu balikholwe leli qiniso kodwa lona likhona impela. Uma inkonzo kaKristu isigcwalisiwe ngokupheleleyo, abantu bazokwazi ukubona emsebenzini Wakhe ukuthi isimo Sakhe nobuyena bumele isimo nobuyena bukaNkulunkulu ezulwini. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukusongwa komsebenzi Wakhe kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ngempela uyinyama Izwi eliba yiyo, futhi engafani nenyama negazi lomuntu. Isinyathelo ngasinye somsebenzi kaKristu emhlabeni simele okuthile okubalulekile, kodwa umuntu obona umsebenzi uqobo wesinyathelo ngasinye akanakho ukuqonda ukubaluleka komsebenzi Wakhe. Lokhu kunjalo kakhulu ezinyathelweni eziningi zomsebenzi owenziwe uNkulunkulu esesimweni somuntu okwesibili. Abaningi balabo abezwe noma ababone amazwi kaKristu kuphela kodwa abangakaze bambone Yena abanamicabango ngomsebenzi Wakhe; labo abambonile uKristu bawezwa namazwi Akhe, bawubona futhi nomsebenzi Wakhe, bakuthola kunzima ukwamukela umsebenzi Wakhe. Ngabe lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi umfanekiso kanye nobuntu bukaKristu akusikho lokhu okuthandwa abantu? Labo abemukela umsebenzi Wakhe emva kokuthi uKristu esehambile angeke babe nalobu bunzima, ngoba bemukela umsebenzi Wakhe nje kuphela futhi abahlangani nobuntu obujwayelekile bukaKristu. Umuntu akakwazi ukulahla imicabango yakhe ngoNkulunkulu kunalokho uyamhlolisisa; lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuntu ugxila kuphela emfanekisweni Wakhe bese engakwazi ukubona ingqikithi Yakhe ngokomsebenzi Wakhe namazwi Akhe. Uma umuntu evala amehlo akhe angabuki umfanekiso kaKristu noma agweme ukukhuluma ngobuntu bukaKristu, akhulume kuphela ngobunkulunkulu Bakhe, lowo umsebenzi Wakhe namazwi Akhe angaqondwa ngabantu, ngalokho umcabango womuntu anawo Ngaye uzokwehla, okungathi ngisho nengxenye yobunzima umuntu ahlangabezana nabo bungaxazululeka. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi kaNkulunkulu osesimweni somuntu, abantu abakwazi ukumbekezelela futhi bagcwele imibono eminingi Ngaye, kanti nokumphikisa nokungamlaleli kuvamile. Abantu abakwazi ukumelana nobukhona bukaNkulunkulu, noma ukukhombisa ukuzwelana nokuthobeka nokufihlakala kukaKristu, noma ukuxolela ingqikithi kaKristu elalela uBaba osezulwini. Ngalokho-ke, angeke ahlale nabantu phakade emva kokuqeda Kwakhe umsebenzi Wakhe, ngoba umuntu akafuni ukumvumela aphile Naye. Uma abantu engakhombisi ukuzwelana Naye ngesikhathi somsebenzi Wakhe, bazokwazi kanjani ukubekezelela ukuhlala Naye uma eseyifezile inkonzo Yakhe, ebabuka bezwa amazwi Akhe kancane kancane? Angeke abaningi bawe ngenxa Yakhe? Abantu bamvumela ukuthi asebenze emhlabeni kuphela; yilokhu kuphela abantu abangakwazi ukuzwelana Naye kukho. Ukube bekungekhona okomsebenzi Wakhe, abantu ngabe kade bamxosha emhlabeni, ngakho bazoba nozwelo oluncane kangakanani uma esewuqedile umsebenzi Wakhe? Angeke abantu bambulale bamhluphe kuze kube sekufeni? Uma ubengabizwa ngoKristu, ubengeke akwazi ukusebenza phakathi kwabantu; ukube akazange asebenze ngobunjalo bukaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, wakhetha, kunalokho, ukusebenza njengomuntu ojwayelekile, abantu ngabe abazange babekezelele ngisho umusho owodwa kwayengakukhuluma, angiphathi eyomsebenzi Wakhe. Ngakho-ke uma enza umsebenzi Wakhe kumele abe nalobu buyena. Ngale ndlela, umsebenzi Wakhe unamandla kakhulu kunokuba ubengenzanga kanjalo, ngoba abantu bonke bafuna ukulalela ubuyena obaziwayo nobukhulu. Ukube kade engenabo ubuyena bukaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe ngenkathi esebenza noma avele njengoNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, ngabe akazange abe nalo nhlobo ithuba lokwenza umsebenzi. Ngaphandle nje kokuthi unongqikithi bukaNkulunkulu nobuyena obunguKristu, abantu bebengeke baswabuluke bamvumele enze umsebenzi Wakhe kalula phakathi kwabantu. Emsebenzini Wakhe uba nobuyena bukaNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe; yize noma lo msebenzi unamandla kakhulu kunalowo owenziwa engenabo lobu buyena, umuntu usalokhu engamlaleli ngokugcwele, ngoba abantu bathobela ukuma Kwakhe hhayi ingqikithi bakhe. Uma kunjalo, uma kwenzeka ngelinye ilanga uKristu ehla esikhundleni Sakhe, ngabe abantu bangamvumela aphile ngisho usuku olulodwa? UNkulunkulu uyathanda ukuphila emhlabeni nabantu ukuze azobona umphumela ozolethwa umsebenzi wezandla Zakhe eminyakeni ezayo. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akakwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlala Kwakhe ngisho usuku olulodwa nje, ngakho-ke, ubeyolahla ithemba. Nalapho vele sekuwukubekezela okukhulu komuntu nomusa kaNkulunkulu nokuthi akwazi ukwenza umsebenzi okumele awenze nokuphelelisa inkonzo Yakhe. Yize labo abanqontshwe Nguye baba nomusa Kuye, bamvumela kuphela ukuthi ahlale aze aqede umsebenzi Wakhe hhayi nomzuzu ngaphezulu emva kwalokho. Uma lokhu kunjalo, sithini ngalabo angabanqobile? Akusona isizathu sokuthi abantu bamphathe kanje uNkulunkulu osesimweni somuntu ngenxa yokuthi unguKristu osemzimbeni womuntu ojwayelekile? Ukube ubenobunkulunkulu kuphela futhi engenabo ubuntu obujwayelekile, ngabe ubunzima babantu abuxazululekanga kalula nje? Abantu bayabuvuma ubunkulunkulu Bakhe yize bengathandisisi bese bengabi nandaba nomzimba womuntu ojwaleyelekile, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ingqikithi Yakhe ekaKristu ithobela intando kaBaba osezulwini. Ngalokhu, angachitha kuphela umsebenzi wokuba phakathi kwabantu abelane nabo injabulo nosizi, ngoba abantu bebengasakubekezeleli ukuba khona Kwakhe.


text:
Isistimu esebenzayo: Windows
Ilayisensi: Ezamahala
Incazelo
Scratch – a isofthiwe yakhelwe ukuba bafundise izingane eminyakeni 8 eziyisisekelo lwezinhlelo kanye design. Isofthiwe kuyinto indawo izinhlelo lapho ungakha amaprojekthi animated, imidlalo noma izindaba interactive futhi ukushintshanisa nabo kwi inethiwekhi. Scratch presents ulwazi ngendlela ukudlala futhi bezijabulisa ukuba lula kakhulu umsebenzi ne software. Isofthiwe iqukethe modules ukuthi zihlanganisa amathuluzi ukusebenza okulotshiwe, ihluzo kanye umhleli sound. Bhala futhi ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise esakhelwe logic ezakhiwe.
Izici eziyinhloko:
- Teaching of the eziyisisekelo lwezinhlelo ngendlela playful
- Ukuthuthukiswa izithombe amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene
- Inani elikhulu zomculo
Izithombe-skrini:


text:
"La telaraña de Charlotte”, escrita por E.B White en 1952 es una novela infantil que muestra la amistad de un cerdito y una araña, donde se unen para evitar que sacrifiquen al cerdo. Es un relato lleno de valores sobre el amor y la amistad. Además muestra cómo los problemas y adversidades de la vida puede generar unión.
Okuqukethwe
Uhlobo lwe-"Charlotte's Web"
Ihlukaniswa njengenoveli yezingane, njengoba isebenzisa ulimi olufanele izingane. Kuphinde kushiye imfundiso mayelana namagugu othando nobungane.
Izinhlamvu Zewebhu zika-Charlotte:
Le noveli yezingane inabalingisi bayo abakhulu uCharlotte, isicabucabu, ohloniphekile, ohlakaniphile futhi omnene nomngane wakhe omncane we-piggy, kangangokuthi uhlela indlela yokusindisa impilo yakhe.
Umlingiswa wesibili obalulekile uWilburn ingulube, ongenacala, othembekile futhi obonga kakhulu, njengoba enquma ukunakekela izicabucabu zikaCharlotte. Okuyisenzo esihle kakhulu. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi indima yakhe eholayo yembuleka kulo lonke uzungu, imibono yobuqili yomngane wakhe iyona ekwazi ukumsindisa esiphethweni sakhe esinonya.
Omunye wabalingiswa besibili abenza ukuthuthukiswa kwendaba kwenzeke nguFern Arable, intombazane eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala eyayinakekela ingulube encane ezinyangeni zayo zokuqala zokuphila. Abanye abalingiswa abancane baphinde bavele njenge-Templeton the rat nezimvu ezindala, okwakungezinye zezilwane zokuqala ezitholakala epulazini.
Isifinyezo sewebhu ka-Charlotte:
Lesi sakhiwo senzeka epulazini, lapho intombazanyana eneminyaka emihlanu okuthiwa uFern noyise behlala ndawonye nezilwane eziningi. Ngolunye usuku ekuseni kuzalwa ingulube encane eyayinempilo ebuthaka, ababehlele ukuyidela. Kodwa intombazane inquma ukumnakekela.
Izinyanga ezimbili, uFern unakekela ingulube encane ngokuzinikela okukhulu futhi aze ayinikeze negama likaMnu. Wilbur. Kodwa njengoba isilwane sesikhule kakhulu kumele sinikezwe umalume waso nokuyilapho intuthuko yendaba iqala khona.
Ngobunye ubusuku ingulube encane yahlangana nesicabucabu okuthiwa uCharlotte. Ekuqaleni wazizwa enovalo ngandlela-thile kodwa base beqala ukwazana nokwakha ubungane obuhle. Isicabucabu sichaza indlela yaso yokuphila nokuthi kungani kufanele sidle izinambuzane.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyaziwa ukuthi bahlela ukunikela ngengulube. Ngakho isicabucabu siqala ukwenza isu lokusindisa umngane waso oyingulube. Ngakho utshela umlingani wakhe ukuthi uzothumela imiyalezo kubalimi ngewebhu yakhe ukuze avimbele ukuba bangambulali.
Lolu hlelo lwasebenza. Kepha ukufa kuyavela futhi lapho uCharlotte etshela umngane wakhe uWilburn ukuthi izicabucabu azihlali isikhathi eside. Nokho, ukwabelana nokuvimbela umngane wakhe ekubulaweni kuye kwenza ukuphila kwakhe okufushane kwaba kuhle. Ngokufanayo, ingulube encane iyalamukela iqiniso lokuthi ingase idliwe ngelinye ilanga. Ngakho bobabili abalingiswa bayakwazisa iqiniso lokuhlangana nokuphelezelana kulezo zikhathi ezinzima.
Finalmente, el cerdito logra salvarse pero la araña se muere cuando da a luz a sus huevos. Pasados los días, estos los huevos eclosionaron y todas las arañitas se ven arrastradas por un fuerte viento en el lugar. Así que solo tres logran salvarse. El cerdito desde ese momento comienza a cuidarlas y a narrarle la historia de su madre, quien de una forma maravillosa y heroica logró salvarlo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwenoveli:
"Iwebhu kaCharlotte" ngumsebenzi owembula incazelo yangempela yothando, ukwethembeka nobungane. Lapha kubuye kubonakale ukuthi ukufa kungaqala kanjani ukuphila ngokwako, njengoba isicabucabu, lapho sizala amaqanda aso, siyafa. Kepha ushiya indaba azoyixoxa, lapho ngobuqili bakhe ekwazile ukusindisa umngane wakhe othandekayo uWilburn.
Le ndaba ayijwayelekile ezincwadini zezingane, okwenza ithakazelise futhi ibe yinqaba. Umbhali ngokungangabazeki ufuna ukufanekisa umjikelezo wemvelo wokuphila nokufa kwesicabucabu. Iphinde ifune ukukhombisa ukuthi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isicabucabu sasincane, sasikwazi ukufeza izinto ezinkulu futhi sigweme ukuzidela komngane waso omkhulu.
Iminikelo ezincwadini zezingane:
Le noveli yezingane ihlanganisa ukujwayela okubili, enye i-animated futhi enye isebenzisa izilwane zangempela. "Iwebhu kaCharlotte" kusukela ngo-1973 inguqulo ecabangela isakhiwo sokuqala. Kodwa leyo eyakhiqizwa ngo-2006 ihluke kancane kuneyasekuqaleni, njengoba i-Templeton igundane libamba iqhaza elikhulu ngoba lisiza isicabucabu ukusindisa ingulube encane.
Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi bemibhalo, le noveli ibekwe njengomunye wemibhalo yezingane yaseMelika efundwa kakhulu ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Ezuze ukubhalwa kwayo ngaphakathi kokwakudala kwezingane. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi ngo-2000, le noveli yafakwa ohlwini lwabashicileli Weekly (umagazini owaziwayo) njengenye yemibhalo ethengiswa kakhulu.
Ngale ndlela, "Iwebhu kaCharlotte" ikhuluma ngezindaba ezingaba namandla kancane ezinganeni, kodwa ikwenza ngendlela engokwemvelo futhi egcwele umuzwa. Ngakho-ke usizi, ukufa, unya kubonakala njengengxenye yomjikelezo wokuphila, okushiya izindinganiso ezibalulekile zomuntu zibonakala, njengokwethembeka nobungane.
Kubuye kubonise ukuthi ekuphileni izimo ezimbi nezingezinhle zingavela, kodwa ngenyunyana izinto ezinkulu zingafinyelelwa ukuze kunqotshwe izici ezingezinhle futhi uhlale ubheka ohlangothini oluhle lwezinto. Ngakho, ukufa kukaCharlotte kwaletha ukuzalwa kwezingane zakhe.
Izingcaphuno ezivela ku-"Charlotte's Web"
- “Ngethembe, Wilbur. Abantu abakhohlisi kakhulu. Bazokholwa noma yini abayibona ebhaliwe."
- UWilbur wayengafuni ukudla, wayefuna uthando.
- "Angiqondi, futhi angikuthandi engingakuqondi"
- “Uma ngingakhohlisa isinambuzane… Impela ngingakhohlisa umuntu. Abantu abahlakaniphe njengezinambuzane."
- “Kwanelisa kakhulu ukuwina umklomelo phambi kwabantu abaningi”
- “Umuntu ongumngane weqiniso nombhali omuhle akavamile ukuza”
Okuqukethwe yi-athikili kuhambisana nemigomo yethu yezimiso zokuziphatha zokuhlela. Okwamanje sisebenzela ukulungisa nokuthuthukisa okuqukethwe kwethu ngezinye izilimi.
Uma ungumhumushi ogunyaziwe ungasibhalela nokusebenza nathi. (isiJalimane, iSpanishi, isiFulentshi)
Ukuze ubike iphutha lokuhumusha noma ukuthuthukiswa, chofoza lapha.


text:
1, Uhlaka nezivalo zenziwa Automatic processing CNC imishini, Futhi impahla ozikhethela: ishidi lashukumisa, 201 insimbi engagqwali noma 304 insimbi engagqwali.
2, I-fan yakhiwe nge-wind blade, injini, ifreyimu, amanetha okuvikela, ama-shutter nezinye izingxenye.Ifeni eshayelwa yimoto ikhiqiza ukugeleza komoya.
3, Izivalo zingavuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokukhanyisa, lapho kucishwa ama-shutter avaliwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, nawo.Ingavimbela uthuli lwangaphandle, izinto zangaphandle nokunye ukuthi zingangeni, futhi ingagwema imiphumela yemvula, iqhwa, kanye nomoya ophansi.
Okokuqala, ngiyabonga kakhulu ngokukhetha umlandeli we-YUENENG!Ukuze siqinisekise ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwefeni, kufanele sinake amaphuzu alandelayo ngesikhathi sokufakwa:
1. Uma ufaka isiphephetha-moya, sicela uqiniseke ukuthi isiphephetha-moya sisendaweni evundlile, futhi kuyatuswa ukusebenzisa izinga le-infrared;
2. Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi (uhlangothi lwenetha lokuvikela) lwe-fan lugubha ngodonga lwangaphakathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imbobo yokukhipha amanzi kanye nebhodi lesondlo elikhiphekayo le-fan lingaphandle kodonga olungaphandle, olulungele ukulungiswa;
3. Ngemuva kokuthi i-fan ibekwe emgodini, faka i-wedge yokhuni esikhaleni ngaphezu kwekholomu ephakathi, futhi ekugcineni ugcwalise igebe nge-ejenti egwebulayo (akunconywa ukusebenzisa ukhonkolo oqondile umpushana ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-extrusion ye-fan okubangelwa ukwanda okushisayo kokhonkolo okuzothinta ukusetshenziswa);
4.Ukuze uvimbele ukuthi injini ingashi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwesigaba noma ukulayisha ngokweqile, kunconywa ukufaka ama-breaker kumjikelezo wokulawula abalandeli (Chint, Delixi, Schneider nezinye izinhlobo).


text:
Kuyini ukukhanya kwe-bias futhi kungani sizwa ukuthi kufanele kube yi-CRI ephezulu ngokushisa kombala kwe-6500K?
Ukukhanyisa kwe-Bias kungumthombo wokukhanya okuvela ngemuva kwesibonisi sakho, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza okubonakalayo kwe-TV yakho noma i-monitor, ngokunikeza ireferensi engaguquguquki yamehlo akho. (Angikhulumi ngamalambu we-LED anemibala aguqula igumbi lakho lokuphumula libe yidisco).
Kwenzani ukukhanyisa kwe-bias?
Ukukhanyisa okulungile kwe-bias kuletha ukuthuthuka okuyisihluthulelo kwemvelo yakho yokubuka:
- Okokuqala, kunciphisa ubunzima bamehlo. Lapho ubuka endaweni emnyama, isibonisi sakho singasuka esimnyama ngokuphelele siye endaweni ekhanya kakhulu izikhathi eziningi phakathi kombukiso noma ifilimu. Abafundi bamehlo akho badinga ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha kusuka ebumnyameni ngokuphelele baye kulokhu kukhanya okukhanyayo futhi, phakathi nesikhathi sokubuka kusihlwa, ungathola ukukhathala okukhulu kwamehlo. Ukukhanyisa kwe-Bias kuqinisekisa ukuthi amehlo akho ahlala enomthombo okhanyayo egumbini ngaphandle kokuphazamisa, noma ukukhombisa, isibonisi sakho. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu sokuthi ukukhanya kwe-bias empeleni kuyisidingo sanoma iyiphi ithelevishini ye-OLED, ekwazi ukubamnyama ngokweqile, nanoma iyiphi i-HDR esethiwe, ekwazi ukukhanya okukhulu
- Okwesibili, ukukhanya kwe-bias kuthuthukisa ukwahluka okubonakalayo kokubonisa kwakho. Ngokunikeza ireferensi elula ngemuva kwethelevishini, abamnyama ekubonisweni kwakho babonakala bumnyama ngokuqhathanisa. Ungabona kahle ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani ngokubheka lo mdwebo. Unxande ompunga phakathi empeleni empeleni umthunzi owodwa ompunga, kepha njengoba sikhanyisa indawo ezungezile, ubuchopho bethu bubona njengobumnyama.
- Ekugcineni, ukukhanya kwe-bias kunikezela ngereferensi emhlophe yohlelo lwakho olubukwayo ukulinganisela imibala esesikrinini kuye. Ngokunikeza ukukhiqizwa okuseduze kakhulu nokungaguquguquki kokumhlophe kwe-D65 okumhlophe, iMediaLight ingumkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu emakethe ukufeza amandla acuity ombala.
IMediaLight iqoqo lamalambu e-LED ahola phambili embonini e-strip yokunamathisela, enikeza isisombululo esilula nesinamandla sokukhanyisa ukukhanya kunoma yisiphi isicelo. Ifakwa kalula kungakapheli imizuzu futhi, ezimweni eziningi, inikwa amandla nge-USB port yethelevishini yakho, okusho ukuthi iMediaLight izovula icime eceleni kwethelevishini yakho ngokuzenzekelayo. Lokhu kwenza ukufakwa kweMediaLight kube “ukusetha bese ukhohlwa” futhi, uma ucabanga ukuthi yonke imichilo ekhanyayo ye-MediaLight ixhaswa yiwaranti yeminyaka emihlanu, kusho ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukukhuphula inani ongakwenza endaweni yakho yokuzijabulisa yasekhaya.
Kepha akukhona nje kwezicelo zaseshashalazini lasekhaya - iMediaLight isetshenziswa nasezindaweni zokuhlunga imibala ezifanele. Eqinisweni, umndeni wakwaMediaLight manje usufaka amalambu edeski e-D65 nama-bulb afakiwe afaka i-chip efanayo ye-98 CRI ne-99 TLCI ColourGrade ™ Mk2 LED njengemicu ye-MediaLight, futhi ixhaswa yiwaranti yeminyaka emithathu.
Ungase ucabange ukuthi i-OLED ayizuzi ngamalambu okuchema, kepha uzobe ungalungile. Ngenxa yamazinga amnyama angcono nokulinganiswa okuphezulu kakhulu kokukhonjiswa kwe-OLED neMicro LED, uhlobo lwamehlo lukhathazeka kakhulu.
Uthi awuboni ubunzima bamehlo? Ukukhanya okubonakalayo noma ubumnyama besibonisi kusengathuthukiswa futhi umehluko usakhuliswa, kungakhathalekile amandla wesibonisi.
Emfanekisweni olandelayo, sethula izikwele ezimbili ezimhlophe maphakathi nesibonakaliso esimnyama sokuhlanganisa. Yikuphi okubukeka kukhanya?
Zombili ziyafana, futhi zombili zikhawulelwe ukukhanya okukhulu kokubonisa kwakho.
Kodwa-ke, uma uthe isikwele esimhlophe ngakwesobunxele sibukeka sikhanya, usanda kubona ukuthi izibani zokukhetha zithuthukisa kanjani umehluko. Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi izibani zokuchema zithuthukisa imininingwane yesithunzi kuphela. Manje usungazibonisa zingamanga. Izibani ze-Bias zithuthukisa ukungafani okubonakalayo ngokusebenzisa i- konke ububanzi obunamandla-hhayi nje izithunzi!


text:
Umuzwa Ohlanganisiwe Emcimbini
Umbuzo: Ithimba elihlela umcimbi lizibophezela kangakanani ekuhlangenwe nakho okubandakanya wonke umuntu emcimbini?
Incazelo
Uma isihlahla siwela ehlathini kungekho muntu ozwayo, ingabe isihlahla sawa ngempela?
Ngokufanayo, kudingeka sihlulele ukubandakanywa komcimbi hhayi nje ngomzamo wabahleli kodwa nangokusabela kwabahambele umcimbi.
Ukubandakanywa komcimbi kuba nomthelela omkhulu lapho abahambele umcimbi bezizwa behlanganisiwe futhi bamukelekile. Yonke imizamo abahleli abayitshalayo ekwenzeni umcimbi uhlanganiswe iyize uma abahambele umcimbi bengawuboni uwonke wonke nowamukelayo. Le metric igxile emsebenzini owenziwa abahleli bomcimbi kanye nemiphumela evela kulowo msebenzi kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlanganisiwe kwabahambele umcimbi.
Izinhloso
Le metric yakhelwe uku:
- Nika amandla abahleli bomcimbi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi bonke abahambele umcimbi bamukelekile futhi bayafakwa emicimbini
- Khuthaza abahleli bomcimbi ukuthi bakhe ukubandakanywa emcimbini ukuze banikeze umuzwa wokuba yingxenye
- Nikeza izindlela zokulinganisa ukufakwa kokuhlangenwe nakho emcimbini
Implementation
Ukusetshenziswa nokusatshalaliswa kwamamethrikhi ezempilo kungase kuholele ekwephuleni ubumfihlo. Izinhlangano zingase zichayeke ezingozini. Lezi zingozi zingase zigeleze kusukela ekuthobeleni i-GDPR e-EU, nomthetho wezwe wase-US, noma nomunye umthetho. Kungase futhi kube nezingozi zenkontileka ezivela kumigomo yesevisi kubahlinzeki bedatha njenge-GitHub ne-GitLab. Ukusetshenziswa kwamamethrikhi kufanele kuhlolwe ubungozi kanye nezinkinga zedatha yezimiso zedatha ezingaba khona. Ngicela ubone Idokhumenti ye-CHAOSS Data Ethics ukuze uthole isiqondiso esengeziwe.
Nikeza abahambele umcimbi ngendawo yokuzwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokubandakanywa emcimbini
- Qinisekisa ukuthi noma ubani ozwakalisa ukukhathazeka uyazwakala
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ukwephulwa komthetho kuyathathelwa izinyathelo
- Abahambele ucwaningo mayelana nemibono yokubandakanywa
Amasu Okuqoqwa Kwedatha
Buza abahambele umcimbi nezikhulumi:
Inhlolovo ene-Likert Scale [1-5] (Noma Isikali Se-Emoji):
- Ngizizwa ngihlanganisiwe emcimbini
- Ngizizwa ngibalulekile ngokwehlukile kubasebenzi bomcimbi
- Ngaba namathuba okuthi izwi lami lizwakale ngezikhathi
- Ngihlela ukubuya kulo mcimbi
Abahambele inhlolokhono nezikhulumi:
- Ingabe kukhona oke wabhekana nakho phakathi nomcimbi okwenze wazizwa ungamukelekile noma ungafakwanga?
- Ingabe ukubonile okuthile okungenza omunye umuntu azizwe engamukelekile futhi engabandakanywa?
- Ungakwazi yini ukunikeza izibonelo ezithile ukuze usize abahleli bomcimbi banciphise lokhu ngokuzayo?
- Yini abahleli balo mcimbi abangathuthukisa kukho ngokuzayo mayelana nokubandakanywa komcimbi?
Okubhekwayo
Abanikeli
- UTrisha Rajaram
- Matt Cantu
Le metric igcine ukubuyekezwa ngomhla ka-20 Julayi 2022 njengengxenye yenqubo yokubuyekeza amamethrikhi.


text:
Una isikrufu somthelela noma isibhamu Kuyithuluzi elinethezekile kakhulu uma kufanele usebenze ngezikulufo. Ngenxa yokuphumelela kwabo, bayakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wethu ube lula ngaphandle kokuthi senze umzamo omkhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zisivumela ukuba sikhulule amabhawodi amelana nathi ngokhiye ojwayelekile.
Uma ufuna isibhamu esinomthelela somsebenzi wemishini noma eminye imisebenzi, lapha sizokwazisa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ezikhona, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha eyodwa?. Kufanele nje ucace mayelana nokusetshenziswa ozokunikeza.
Inkomba
Isiphi isibhamu esinamandla esisebenza ngebhethri esingcono kakhulu?
Ama-wrenches asebenza ngebhethri afaneleka kakhulu endaweni yomsebenzi lapho ungalisebenzisi njalo ipulaki. Uma kufanele hamba ngapha nangapha nesibhamu ukusebenza ezimotweni eziningana noma izakhiwo, lena inketho yakho engcono kakhulu.
Qaphela ngoba izibhamu zomthelela zalolu hlobo ungalifaki njalo ibhethri kanye/noma ishaja. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amabhrendi amaningi anohlobo olufanayo lwebhethri kumathuluzi amaningana futhi acabange ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usunayo eyodwa noma ambalwa. Kufanele futhi uqiniseke ukuthi unayo amandla anele namandla ukwenza umsebenzi wayo kalula. Kucatshangelwa ubudlelwano bayo phakathi kwekhwalithi kanye nentengo, inketho enhle iyona I-VonHaus isikrufu somthelela/isibhamu.
Ihlanganisa yonke into oyidingayo ukuze uyisebenzise kusukela ekushajweni kwayo kokuqala, kanye nekesi eliphethe. Ngiyabonga kweyakho I-20 V, iyakwazi ukujika ku-2.200 rpm futhi hit 2.700 ngomzuzu. Ngakho-ke ishesha kakhulu ngaphakathi kwengxenye yayo. Konke lokhu nge-a i-torque ephezulu ye-240 Nm. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphezu kokwanele kunoma yiliphi isondo lemoto.
Su ibhetri unayo 3Ah umthamo, engasebenza ngayo isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze susa amasondo angama-60. I-Además, su ishaja esheshayo ikuvumela ukuthi uyishaje ngokugcwele nje Imizuzu ye-75.
Isiphi isibhamu esithinta ugesi esingcono kakhulu?
Lezi zibhamu zikhonjiswa uma uzoba ne xhuma eduze uma usebenza. Okuthile okujwayelekile kwegalaji elizimele noma indawo yokusebenzela enezithombe eziningi. Okufanele ukukhumbule ngalolu hlobo lokhiye, uma uzosebenza ngemoto noma ngesithuthuthu, yilokho awudingi ipheya emide. Kukhona ezingaphezulu kuka-1.500 450 Nm, kodwa nge-XNUMX Nm, unamandla anele amabhawodi emoto encane.
Uma kunjalo, the I-Einhell CC-IW 950 Impact Wrench Kuyimodeli kagesi enconywa kakhulu yayo izindleko eziphansi kanye nezimfanelo zayo ezinhle. Kufaka phakathi i- isikhwama futhi ezine izikrini zesokhethi kwe-17, 19, 21 kanye no-22 mm. Yiba 950 W wamandla futhi uphendukela ku I-2.300 rpm. Ngamanye amazwi, ithuluzi elikwazi kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zeshabhu. I-drawback kuphela ukuthi ikhebula layo lingamamitha angu-2 ubude. Kodwa akuyona into engenakulungiseka ngentambo yokwandisa.
12v izinsimbi zomthelela kagesi
Lapha kufanele futhi ukubalula ama-wrenches womthelela asebenza ngawo 12V DC. Ziwusizo kakhulu uma ufuna gcina isibhamu emotweni yakho. Labo abasebenza ngepulaki engu-12 V yesilayidi sikagwayi, ngokuvamile baba namandla amancane, kodwa anele amabhawodi amasondo. Kwabanamandla kakhulu sincoma a i-adaptha eya ngqo ebhethrini yemoto. Ngale ndlela ugwema ukulimaza i-fuse, ngoba ingase ibe namandla kakhulu esokhethi yakho engu-12 V.
Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba, isibhamu esihle yisona Mannesmann M01725. Izimfanelo zayo eziyinhloko ukuthi inezikhiye ye-tube ephaketheni, kulokhu ku-17, 19, 21 no-23 mm, futhi kuhlangene kakhulu ngakho akuhluphi esiqwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamandla kakhulu ku-12 V, ne-340 Nm.
Isiphi isibhamu esingcono kakhulu se-pneumatic?
Nalapha kumele uqaphele ngoba lolu hlobo lwesibhamu udinga i-compressor. Zisebenza ngenxa yomfutho womoya ozinikezayo, zithembeke kakhulu, ziyakwazi futhi zishibhile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-compressor isetshenziselwa ukunika amandla izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathuluzi, nazo ngokuvamile ezishibhile kunezinguqulo zabo zikagesi. Yingakho zivame kakhulu kuma-workshops.
Kufanele uyofuna isibhamu somoya kuphela uma une i-compressor enezici ezifanele ukwenza isebenze noma uhlele ukuyithenga. Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwalezi zibhamu yi-6 bar pressure, nesilinganiso sokugeleza samalitha angu-150 ngomzuzu.
Isibonelo esihle yilesi I-Michelin CA-6710850000, esebenza ku I-7.000 rpm futhi uyakwazi ukuletha I-torque engu-350Nm, naphezu kwenani layo eliqukethwe. Kuhlanganisa futhi a Isethi ephelele yesokhethi yesokhethi kunabanye, igrisi, umlomo wombhobho y isikhwama Kugcine.
Yini isibhamu esinomthelela?
Lawa mathuluzi afana kakhulu ne-drill elula kodwa empeleni asebenza ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Uma injini yakho ifinyelela izinguquko ezithile, i izando ezimbili ezingaphakathi asuke avule ukhiye. Lokhu kuyabavumela shaya izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ngomzuzu. Isibonelo, isibhamu se-VonHaus sijikeleza ku-2.200 rpm futhi sishaya izikhathi ezingu-2.700 ngomzuzu.
Ngenxa yalokhu kusebenza, izisekelo ezisetshenziswa nazo akufanele zibe zanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Okungenani uma ufuna zihlale ukusetshenziswa okuningi zisesimweni esihle. Isibonelo, i-chrome ayiyona into engcono kakhulu yesibhamu somthelela, ngoba i-coating izosuswa, iveze insimbi okwakuhloswe ukuyivikela.
Esikhundleni salokho, kunconywa ukuthi babe nokwelashwa kwe-bluing. Okusho ukuthi, ifilimu ye-iron oxide enikeza ukhiye isiphetho esimnyama esimnyama. Uzobona ukuthi lezi ezifika namamodeli amaningi akuzona ezalolu hlobo. Lokhu kunjalo, ngokwengxenye ukonga futhi ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa umuntu akunikezayo akudingeki njengalokho kochwepheshe abakhethekile.
Ngokuqondene ne impahla ye-socket wrench, kufanele uqine kakhulu. Uma ingalungile, ingahamba kabi ngokusetshenziswa okukodwa noma okubili kwetorque ephezulu. labo be chrome vanadium (Cr_V) inobulukhuni obufanele ukumelana namagalelo ale mishini. Nakuba best kukhona i-chrome molybdenum (Cr_Mo), ngenxa yokuthi ayakwazi ukumelana nangokwengeziwe ngakho-ke alungele ukusetshenziswa kakhulu noma amavolovolo anamandla kakhulu.
Siyini isikrufu sokuthinta?
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezikrini zomthelela noma izikrufu yi khulula izikulufu. Ngabo, kulula kakhulu ukususa okujwayelekile amabhawodi esondo abhajwe, esingakwazi ukukususa ngokhiye ojwayelekile. Isimo esivamile, isibonelo, lapho beqiniswe endaweni yokusebenzela ngomshini.
Ukushiya eceleni izinkinga zokususa amabhawodi amasondo, lolu hlobo lwedivayisi lunikeza izinzuzo ezifana ne- isivinini esikhulu nokunethezeka kulolu hlobo lwemisebenzi. Ukushintsha isondo kuba umsebenzi olula, lapho akudingeki wenze noma yimuphi umzamo.
Abuye asetshenziswe esikhundleni samabhawodi esondo. Nakuba uma ufuna ukukwenza ngokunemba, a high torque wrench, ngoba zikuvumela ukuthi uziqinise ngamandla afanele anconywe umenzi. Kunoma yikuphi, ingaphinda iqiniswe ngesikrufu somthelela ngokulandela lezi zincomo:
- Faka izikulufo ngesandla ngaphambilibaze bangaphindi baphenduke. Uma ukwenza ngokuqondile ngesibhamu, kungenzeka ukuthi uwabeke ngokungalungile ngaphandle kokuqaphela futhi wonakalise intambo (trans-thread).
- Bamba isibhamu singanyakazi ukugwema ukulimala esihlakaleni.
- Njengokuhlala, hamba uqinise isikulufu ngasinye enkanyezini. Ngamanye amazwi, qhubeka njalo kwenye yezinto eziphambene, ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isondo lisebenza ngokuphelele endaweni yalo.


text:
Udaba olukhokhelwe
Cishe emva kwezinyanga ezine kucwebe isiziba emsebenzini wamihla namalanga woMnyango WezokuHlaliswa KwaBantu, ngenxa yesidingo esiphuthumayo…...
Zanda ngamandla izindawo ezigcine abantu abalahlekelwe yimizi ezizobakhoselisa ngemva kwezikhukhula. Ngenxa yokuphothulwa kwezivumelwano zokuqasha zezindawo…...
UMnyango WezokuHlaliswa KwaBantu KwaZulu-Natali uyaqhubeka nokungabalekeli umsebenzi nejoka nomsebenzi wawo wokubuyisela isithunzi kulabo abalahlekelwa ngamakhaya…...
IMinyango emibili yezokwakha esifundazweni weZokuhlaliswa KwaBabantu neMisebenzi Yomphakathi ikubheke ngamehlo abomvu ubudlelwano obuhle nokusebenzisana nabezindaba.…...
UMnyango-Wezokuhlaliswa-Kwabantu-12-kuNdasa-2022Download...
UMnyango-Wezokuhlaliswa-Kwabantu-27-kuNcwaba-2022Download...
“Kuhlale kukhona okwehlukile ngesifundazwe iKwaZulu-Natal. Lokhu kwehluka abanye kuyabamangaza kepha kuncike emlandweni waso isifundazwe lesi.…...


text:
Amajeneretha elanga akudingeki abe makhulu noma angasebenzi kahle. Yilokhu i-BLUETTI ifuna ukukukhombisa, inkampani ezibophezele ekunakekeleni imvelo, ngomkhiqizo omusha ewethula ngezinhlobonhlobo zayo. amajeneretha elanga: i-EB3A entsha.
Phakathi kwezici zayo, sigqamisa a ukushaja okusheshayo ukwazi ukukusindisa kunoma iyiphi inkinga, kanye nephakheji le Amabhethri e-LiFePO4, futhi a ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile ukuze nazi ukuthi ngeke nanini nimoshe ingxenye yezinsiza ezabelwe yona.
Inkomba
Ukushaja okusheshayo nezimbobo zazo zonke izidingo zakho
Ngaphezu kokushaja kwayo okusheshayo, ongakwazi ngakho ukufinyelela umthamo 80% ngemizuzu nje 30, sigqamisa amabhethri ayo e-lithium iron phosphate, azokuvumela ukuthi udlule imijikelezo yokushaja engu-2.500.000, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise umthelela wayo wendawo emazingeni amancane.
Ukuze ugweme izinhlekelele, i-BLUETTI EB3A inohlelo oluhlakaniphile oluzolawula ngokuzenzakalelayo ibhethri uma kwenzeka kuba khona ukujikeleza okufushane, ukugcwala ngokweqile noma ukushisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngale ndlela, ungaqiniseka ukuthi uma kwenzeka kuba nesenzakalo esingalindelekile salolu hlobo, idivayisi yakho ngeke yonakale.
Njengokungathi lokho akwanele, le BLUETTI EB3A entsha inakho amachweba amaningi ongeke ukhathazeke ngakho ngokungabi nendawo yokuxhuma izintambo zakho. Ngokukhethekile, uzothola okuphumayo kwembobo okulandelayo:
- 1 × Izitolo ze-AC (600 W inani)
- 1 x 100W imbobo ye-USB-C PD
- 2 x 15W izimbobo ze-USB-A
- 2×DC5521
- 1 x 12V10A isilayidi sikagwayi
- 1 × iphedi yokushaja engenantambo
Uma udinga ulwazi olusha ngesikhathi sangempela mayelana nejeneretha yakho yelanga, ungakwenza ngokunembile kusuka kuhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala onakho, ngoba i-BLUETTI inohlelo lokusebenza oluhle kakhulu lapho bonke abathengi bangahlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi i-generator isebenza kanjani.
Kulula ukuphatha, nezindlela ezingcono zokuzisebenzisa
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokusebenzisa le generator yelanga isisindo sayo esincane. Ngokuqondile, le modeli ye-EB3A inesisindo esingamaphawundi ayi-10 kuphela, noma yini efanayo, 4kg. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukuyihambisa ngaphandle kokwenza imizamo emikhulu.
Sincoma, nokho, ukuthi singayisebenzisi ezintweni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, phakathi kwazo esithola kuzo amahhavini noma amafriji. Ngoba yini kucatshangwa ukuthi ingeyesikhathi lapho kunqamuka khona ugesi ekhaya futhi udinga ukunikezwa kwangaphandle: isibonelo, ukuze nikeza amandla ocingweni, ukukhanya noma isiqandisi.
Ungakwazi futhi ukugwema ukusebenzisa izintambo ezindaweni ezingaphandle njengengadi yakho. Isibonelo, ake sithathe icala lokuthi uhlela iphathi ekhaya: ngenxa yale generator uzokwazi ukukhanyisa izibani noma i-projektha ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo, okwenza umhlangano wayo ukhululeke kakhulu.
Ungathenga kuphi i-BLUETTI EB3A
Ungathenga i-BLETTI EB3A entsha kumaphuzu alandelayo, futhi ngezipesheli ezilandelayo ozozithola kuphela Kuze kube nguSepthemba 30:
- I-EB3A kusukela ku-€299 (26% isaphulelo. Intengo yoqobo: €399).
- I-EB3A + 1 PV200 iphaneli yelanga kusukela ku-€799 (11% isaphulelo. Intengo yoqobo: €899).
- Amaphaneli elanga e-EB3A + 2 PV120 asuka ku-€699 (13% isaphulelo. Intengo yoqobo: €798).
Uma ungathanda ukwazi noma yimuphi wale mikhiqizo, uzothola ulwazi olwengeziwe kuzixhumanisi ezihlinzekwe ngaphambilini ukuze uthenge.


text:
El Isevisi Yezempilo yase-Andalusian (SAS) ubize izindawo ezingama-4.425 sezikhala ezikhaleni ngesikhathi samahhala. Kepha abakhohlwa ukukhushulwa kwangaphakathi, ngezindawo ezingama-337 ngaphezulu. Zonke zizosatshalaliswa phakathi kwamakhono angaphezu kuka-33, phakathi kwawo okukhona kuwo i-Ophthalmology, Oncology, Pediatrics noma iPlastic Surgery, phakathi kokunye. Kanye nabasebenzi bezokuphatha, abazoba nemisebenzi engaphezu kwama-200, abapheki nabangu-109 nosonhlalakahle abanengqikithi yama-78.
Ama-ajenda wokuphikisa we-SAS
Ngezansi uzothola wonke ama-ajenda abuyekeziwe okuzethula kuzo zonke izikhundla ze-Andalusian Health Service kanye nokuphikisana kwe-SAS:
Ungayibhalisela kanjani imincintiswano ye-SAS
Izicelo zokukwazi ukubhalisela ukuphikisana kwe-SAS, kanye nokukhokhwa okufanayo, zingenziwa nge-telematics. Ngenye yezindlela ezisheshayo, kepha futhi unenketho ephrintiwe.
- Uma ukhetha inketho yokuqala, lapho-ke kufanele wenze isicelo sakho sokubamba iqhaza ngewebhusayithi ye- Ibhodi le-Andalusian nakulandelayo ikheli le-imeyili, ukugcwalisa ifomu le-elektroniki elihambisanayo.
- Yize kufanele wazi ukuthi ukwenza isicelo ngale ndlela, sizodinga isiginesha yedijithali.
- Lapho isicelo sesenziwe, ikhasi lizosikhomba 'kupulatifomu yokukhokha'. Bonke labo bantu abanezinga elithile lokukhubazeka elilingana noma elingaphezu kuka-33% bakhululiwe kuleyo nkokhelo.
Uma ufuna ukukhetha i- uhlelo oluprintiwe, ngeke kube nzima kakhulu futhi. Lapho singenayo isiginesha yedijithali, kuyindlela esisele nayo.
- Futhi kuzofanele siye ekhasini lezinsizakalo zezempilo e-Andalusian. Lapho sesifikile, kuzofanele sibhalise.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzofanele sihlanganise yonke idatha yomuntu siqu eceliwe.
- Uma sesimboziwe, sizothunyelwa i-imeyili enesiqinisekiso.
- Ukusuka lapho sizolandela isicelo sethu, sikhombise ithuba esivela kulo, isifundazwe, njll.
- Lapho konke sekumboziwe, kuzokhiqizwa idokhumenti. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi silondoloze zonke izinguquko esizenzile futhi ekugcineni, siphrinte. Kuyo futhi sizobona isilinganiso esilingana nama-euro angama-42,67.
- Khumbula ukuthi kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi yonke idatha nezinkambu kuyambozwa, ukugwema amaphutha.
- Kanye uprinte lo mbhalo, kufanele usayine wonke amakhophi.
- Ngefomu lokukhokha, sizoya ebhizinisini ukuyofaka imali. Ezinye zezinhlangano lapho ungenza khona Khokha Yilezi: La Caixa, BBVA, Banco Santander, Unicaja, Cajasol, Bankia, njll.
- Ekugcineni, safaka wonke amadokhumende emvilophini, njengekhophi yokukhokha imali, isicelo kanye nemibhalo eyengeziwe uma kudingeka. Sizoyisa le mvulophu siye kwa-Central Services ye-Andalusian Health Service, kanye nasezibhedlela ze-Andalusian Health Service noma ePosini.
Izikhundla ezizokhethwa eziphikisweni ze-SAS
- Umsizi WonobhalaIzikhundla zabasizi bezokuphatha eMnyangweni Wezempilo wase-Andalusiya ziphethe ama-aphoyintimenti nokubonisana, kanye nokulungiswa kwemibiko ethile. Iphansi labasizi lizoba cishe ama-euro angama-1300. Yize kungesilo inani elinqunyiwe, ngenxa yezinkokhelo ezengeziwe nokunye okungeziwe.
- Umsizi ongumhlengikazi: Lesi sikhundla futhi sinomholo ozoba cishe ngama-euro ayi-1320. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, abasizi baphethe umsebenzi wokuhlanza kanye nokunakekela indawo yokusebenza, ukunakekela iziguli, ukwenza imibhede noma ukuphelezela abagulayo, kanye nokwabiwa kokudla, phakathi kokunye okuningi.
- Izingadi: Imisebenzi eyenziwe ngama-oda nayo miningi. Phakathi kwabo kukhona ukuhambisa izinto zombili neziguli. Bazolekelela abahlengikazi, bafake futhi basuse ama-wedge, baphinde basize ngezinsizakalo ezithile zokuhlanza, uma kudingeka. Umholo wakhe ucishe ube ngama-euro ayi-1200.
- Ubuhlengikazi: Ukunakekelwa kungenye yemisebenzi eyisisekelo yabo bonke abahlengikazi. Bazeluleka futhi bahlole iziguli, ngenkathi benza izinqumo ngazo. Kungashiwo ukuthi luhlobo lomsizi kadokotela, othumela imisebenzi eminingi kubasebenzi abahlengikazi. Ukwenza ukulapha nokusiza abagulayo nakho kungeminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Umholo wakhe wedlula ama-euro angama-2000.
- Udokotela womzimba: Baphethe ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvuselela futhi banikela ngezinye izindlela ezingezona ezekwelapha ukuvimbela izifo eziningi. Umholo wama-physiotherapists ungama-euro angama-1900.
- Ukuwashwa noku-ayina: Umholo wabasebenzi bokuwasha noku-ayina ungama-euro angama-1000. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kungahluka ngokuya ngezinkokhelo ezingeziwe nezinye izinzuzo. Njengoba igama labo likhombisa, baphethe ukuhlanza imibhede nokuyibeka ngendlela.
- UMatron: Umbelethisi noma umbelethisi uphethe ukweluleka ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zempilo. Kokubili kwezocansi ngokujwayelekile nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha noma ukuncelisa ibele. Ngokuqondene nomholo, kufinyelela ngaphezu kwama-euro angama-2000.
- Isikhafu: Umholo wabasizi ngama-euro ayi-1200. Uzoba umsizi wompheki omkhulu futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi uzokwazi ngemisebenzi ehlukene yekhishi. Uzohlela i-pantry, agcine konke ukuhleleka, futhi anakekele nokuhlanza.
- Uchwepheshe we-Radiodiagnosis: Banesibopho sokuthatha izithombe zomzimba ukuvikela izifo ezithile. Ukwenza lokhu, basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obucishe bube yinkimbinkimbi njenge-ultrasound noma imisebe kazibuthe nama-X-ray. Umholo wabo wedlula ama-euro ayi-1500 XNUMX.
- Uchwepheshe Wekhemisi: Iholo lesisekelo likasokhemisi ingu-1329 euros. Inikezelwe ekulungisweni, kanye nokongiwa noma ukukhishwa kwemithi. Ungazisabalalisa nasezibhedlela futhi ulungiselele imikhiqizo kepha njalo ngaphansi kweso elibukhali losokhemisi.
I-Agenda
Njengoba wazi kahle, okukhethekile ngakunye kunefayela le- i-ajenda ethize konke kuqondana kokunye okuzoba okuvamile futhi okulandelayo:
- Isihloko 1. Umthethosisekelo waseSpain wango-1978: Amagugu aphezulu nezimiso ezikhuthazayo; Amalungelo nemisebenzi eyisisekelo; Ilungelo lokuvikelwa kwezempilo.
- Isihloko 2. ISitatimende Sokuzimela se-Andalusia: Amanani aphezulu nezinhloso eziyisisekelo; Amalungelo omphakathi, imisebenzi kanye nezinqubomgomo zomphakathi; Amakhono ezempilo; Ukuhlelwa kwesikhungo soMphakathi Ozimele; Ukuhlungwa kwemikhuba.
- Isihloko 3. Inhlangano yezempilo (I). Umthetho 14/1986, ka-Ephreli 25, General Health: General Principles; Amakhono Wokuphathwa Komphakathi; Inhlangano Jikelele yoHlelo Lwezempilo Lomphakathi. Umthetho Wezempilo 2/1998, kaJuni 15, Andalusia: Inhloso, imigomo nobubanzi; Amalungelo nemisebenzi yezakhamizi maqondana nezinsizakalo zezempilo e-Andalusia; Ukusebenza kahle kwamalungelo nemisebenzi. Uhlelo lwezeMpilo lwe-Andalusi: ukuzibophezela.
- Isihloko 4. Inhlangano yezempilo (II). Isakhiwo, ukuhlelwa namandla oMnyango Wezempilo kanye ne-Andalusian Health Service. Ezempilo e-Andalusia: Isakhiwo, ukuhlelwa nokusebenza kwezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo e-Andalusia. Inhlangano Yosizo Olukhethekile e-Andalusia. Inhlangano Yokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko. Inhlangano Yesibhedlela. Izindawo Zokulawulwa Kwezempilo. Ukuqhubeka kokunakekelwa phakathi kwamazinga okunakekelwa.
- Isihloko 5. Ukuvikelwa Kwemininingwane. Umthetho we-Organic 15/1999, wangoDisemba 13, ekuVikeleni Kwemininingwane Yomuntu: Injongo, ububanzi besicelo nezimiso; Amalungelo abantu. Isikhungo SaseSpain Sokuvikelwa Kwemininingwane.
- Isihloko 6. Ukuvimbela izingozi emsebenzini. Umthetho 31/1995, kaNovemba 8, on the Prevention of Occupational Risks: Rights and izibopho; Ukubonisana nokubamba iqhaza kwabasebenzi. Inhlangano yokuvimbela ubungozi emsebenzini e-Andalusian Health Service: Amayunithi Wokuvimbela ezikhungweni Zosizo ze-Andalusian Health Service. Ukuphathwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlanzeka kwesandla. Isimo. Izikrini zokubonisa idatha. Ukubhoboza ngengozi. Ukuhlaselwa kochwepheshe. Ukulawulwa kwezimo ezingqubuzanayo.
- Isihloko 7. Umthetho 12/2007, kaNovemba 26, ekuGqugquzelweni kokulingana ngokobulili e-Andalusia: Injongo; Indawo yokufaka isicelo; Izimiso ezijwayelekile; Izinqubomgomo zomphakathi zokukhuthaza ukulingana ngokobulili. Umthetho 13/2007, kaNovemba 26, mayelana nokuVikela nokuVikela okuPhelele mayelana nokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili: Inhloso; Indawo yokufaka isicelo; Izimiso eziqondisayo; Ukuqeqeshelwa ochwepheshe bezempilo.
- Isihloko 8. Isimo Sezomthetho Sabasebenzi. Isikhathi Sokungahambelani Kwabasebenzi enkonzweni Yezokuphathwa Komphakathi. Umthetho 55/2003, wangoDisemba 16, Uhlaka Lomthetho Wezisebenzi Ezisemthethweni Zezinsizakalo Zezempilo: Ukwahlukaniswa kwabasebenzi abasemthethweni; Amalungelo nemisebenzi; Ukutholwa nokulahlekelwa yisikhundla sabasebenzi abasebenza ngokomthetho unomphela; Ukuhlinzekwa kwezindawo, ukukhethwa nokwenyuswa kwangaphakathi; Ukuhamba kwabasebenzi; Umsebenzi; Umholo; Izinsuku zokusebenza, izimvume namalayisense; Izimo Zabasebenzi Ezisemthethweni; Umbuso wokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe; Amalungelo wokumelwa, ukubamba iqhaza nokuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela.
- Isihloko 9. Ukuzimela kwesiguli namalungelo nezibopho maqondana nolwazi nemibhalo yomtholampilo. Umthetho 41/2002, wangoNovemba 14, okuyisisekelo olawula Ukuzimela kwesiguli namalungelo nezibopho endabeni yolwazi nakumadokhumende omtholampilo: ilungelo lokuthola ulwazi lwezempilo; Ilungelo lemfihlo; Ukuhlonipha ukuzimela kwesiguli; Umlando wezokwelapha. Imvume enolwazi. Ikhadi lezempilo.
Ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha okukhethekile, sikushiya nalesi sixhumanisi, lapho uzothola khona wonke ama-ajenda okudingayo ngendlela esheshayo nelula.
Izidingo
- ubuncane beminyaka bungu-16.
- Ubuzwe baseSpain kanye nezakhamizi zamazwe angamalungu e-European Union.
- Yiba nefa le- isihloko esidingekayo kuzisekelo ezithile zekholi ngayinye, kuya ngesikhundla esizofika kuso.
- Ukungabi nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwefayela lokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe ngaphakathi kokuhlinzekwa kwanoma iyiphi i-Health Service noma ye-Public Administration.
- Ukungabi nesigwebo nesigwebo sokugcina nganoma yiliphi icala elenziwa ngenkululeko noma elifaka ukushaya, kanye nokuhlukumeza ngokocansi.
- Uma sikhuluma ngezindawo ezibekelwe abantu abakhubazekile, abafakizicelo kuphela abanezinga elithile lokukhubazeka elilingana noma elingaphezu kuka-33% abangabamba iqhaza.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zidingo ezijwayelekile, iziqu ezidingekayo kokukhethekile ngakunye kumele kubhekwe:
Okwezokuphatha:
- Isihloko Sobuchwepheshe Ophakeme (Ukuqeqeshwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwedigri Ephakeme yanoma yiliphi igatsha). IBachelor ephakeme noma i-BUP.
- Ukuhlolwa kokungena eNyuvesi kwabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-25 ubudala.
Komsizi Wokuphatha:
- Isihloko Sezobuchwepheshe (Ukuqeqeshwa Kwebanga Laphakathi Naphakathi).
- Imfundo Yesibili Eyimpoqo.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kokuqala Kwezobuchwepheshe.
Komsizi Wabahlengikazi:
- Isihloko Sobuchwepheshe Bomsizi Wezokwelapha (Igatsha LokuQala Lokuqeqeshwa Kwezobuchwepheshe, igatsha Lokunakekelwa Kwezempilo).
- Uchwepheshe Womsizi Wabahlengikazi (Professional Module Level 2).
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwezinga eliphakathi nendawo.
Okwe-Warden:
- Isitifiketi Sesikole.
OkweConductor Warden:
- Isihloko Sezobuchwepheshe (Ukuqeqeshwa Kwebanga Laphakathi Naphakathi).
- Imfundo Yesibili Eyimpoqo.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kokuqala Kwezobuchwepheshe.
- Ilayisense yokushayela yeBanga B ngokugunyazwa kwezokuthutha ezikoleni, ezokuthutha abagibeli zomphakathi.
Okwa Cook:
- Isihloko Sobuchwepheshe Ophakeme (Ukuqeqeshwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwedigri Ephakeme yanoma yiliphi igatsha).
- Isiqu esiphezulu.
- Okwesibili Degree Professional Training noma okulinganayo.
Ezobuhlengikazi:
- Iziqu Zokuthweswa Iziqu Kobuhlengikazi.
- IDiploma Kwezobuhlengikazi.
Yokunakekelwa Kwamakhemikhali Okuyinhloko:
- Isiqu seBachelor ePhemesi noma iBachelor's Degree ePhemesi.
Ochwepheshe Bendawo Ongayikhetha:
- Isihloko sompetha kokukhethekile okuhloselwe ukufinyelela kukho.
Ukuphikiswa kwe-SAS yePhysiotherapy:
- IDiploma kuPhysiotherapy noma iDegree kuPhysiotherapy.
- Isazi se-ATS / Ngenxa yePhysiotherapy.
Unjiniyela wezobuchwepheshe:
- Idigri Yezobunjiniyela Yezobuchwepheshe noma iDegree ku-Engineering.
Yokuhlanza:
- Isitifiketi Sesikole.
Okombelethisi:
- Isihloko Sochwepheshe Kwezobuhlengikazi Obelethayo (Zababelethisi).
Odokotela Bomndeni Bokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko:
- Isihloko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha emkhakheni wezemithi nowomphakathi.
Okwabasebenzi Bokuhlanza Ne-ayina, umsizi wasekhishini:
- Isitifiketi Sesikole.
Kwezobuchwepheshe Bekhemisi:
- Isihloko sochwepheshe e-Pharmacy (Professional Training of Medium Degree, igatsha lezempilo).
Ukuphikiswa kwe-SAS yochwepheshe abangochwepheshe ku-Radiodiagnosis:
- Isihloko Sochwepheshe Bezobuchwepheshe eRadiodiagnosis (Okwesibili Kwedigital Professional Training, Igatsha Lezempilo).
- Isihloko Sompetha Ophakeme Esithombeni Sokuxilonga (Umjikelezo Wokuqeqesha Ophakeme, Impilo Yomndeni Ochwepheshe)
- IDiploma Yenyuvesi Yezobuhlengikazi.
- Iziqu zobuchwepheshe ku-Radiology kanye ne-Electroradiology.
- Ukugunyazwa kokusebenzisa imishini ye-X-ray ngezinhloso zokuxilonga ezikhishwe nguMkhandlu Wezokuphepha Wenuzi
Uchwepheshe Wezobuchwepheshe ku-Radiotherapy:
- Isihloko sochwepheshe abangochwepheshe ku-Radiotherapy (Second Degree Professional Training, igatsha lezeMpilo).
- Isihloko Sochwepheshe Ophakeme ku-Radiotherapy (Umjikelezo Wokuqeqesha Wezinga Eliphakeme, Impilo Yomndeni Ochwepheshe).
- Ilayisense yokuhlinzeka ngemisebe enemisebe ekhishwe yiNuclear Safety Council emkhakheni wesicelo se-radiotherapy.
Ngomsebenzi Wokuphatha Kwezobuchwepheshe:
- Isiqu esiphezulu.
- Isihloko sonjiniyela.
- Isihloko somdwebi.
Uchwepheshe Wefoni:
- Isihloko Sezobuchwepheshe (Ukuqeqeshwa Kwebanga Laphakathi Naphakathi).
- Imfundo Yesibili Eyimpoqo.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kokuqala Kwezobuchwepheshe.
Usonhlala kahle:
- IDiploma Kwezenhlalakahle.
- Iziqu ze-Social Work.
Uhlelo lokuhlola noma lokukhetha
Njengoba kwenzeka kaningi kulezi zimo, ukuhlolwa kunezingxenye ezimbili ezijwayelekile. Esinye sazo isigaba okuthiwa siphikisayo kanti esesibili, leso somncintiswano wokufaneleka.
Isigaba sokuphikisa
Amaphuzu aphezulu kulesi sigaba azoba amaphuzu ayi-100. Kuzoqedwa futhi kuzoba nokuhlolwa okulandelayo:
- Kwenziwa uhlu lwemibuzo lwethiyori. Kuzoba nemibuzo eyi-103 isiyonke futhi yonke izokhethwa kaningi. Khumbula ukuthi ezintathu zazo zizobekelwa. Amaphuzu aphezulu angaba amaphuzu angama-50.
- Ingxenye yesibili uhlu lwemibuzo olusebenzayo olunemibuzo engama-50, futhi nokukhethwa okuningi. Lapha kuzongena ingqikithi ethile yengxenye esiphikisana nayo. Imvamisa zakhiwa ngamacala emitholampilo angempela. Amaphuzu aphezulu kule ngxenye azoba amaphuzu angama-50.
- Kubantu abakhetha izindawo zokufinyelela ezibekelwe abantu abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo, banokuhlolwa kokuqeda. Izofaka phakathi ukwenziwa kohlu lwemibuzo olunemibuzo eminingi yokuzikhethela engama-50.
Kufanele wazi ukuthi impendulo ngayinye efanele izolinganiswa ngamaphoyinti ama-2, hhayi ukukhipha amaphuzu ezimpendulo ezingalungile. Ukudlulisa isigaba sokuphikisa, amaphuzu atholiwe (isamba samaphuzu atholakele kuhlu lwemibuzo lwethiyori nakuhlu lwemibuzo olusebenzayo) kufanele afinyelele, okungenani, ama-60% amaphuzu.
Isigaba somncintiswano
Uma usudlulile esigabeni esiphikisayo, lapho-ke uzofinyelela esigabeni esibizwa ngomncintiswano. Lapha amaphuzu aphezulu esingawathola azoba amaphuzu ayi-100. Lezo ezitholwe esigabeni sokuqala nazo zizongezwa.
Manje njengoba sesazi amaphuzu abalulekile okuzokwazi ukukunethulela wona emincintiswaneni ye-Andalusian Health Service (SAS), sekuyisikhathi sakho, ngoba izindawo ziyaqhubeka nokwanda minyaka yonke.