text:
INgcazelo Yamabala AseBhayibhilini
A B E G H I J K M N O P R S T U Z
A
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AbaFarisi.
Leli kwakuliqembu lokholo lwesiJuda elalidumile ngesikhathi uJesu esesemhlabeni langesikhathi samaKhristu okuqala. Lanxa abaFarisi babengayisibo bosendo lwabaphristi, babebambelele kakhulu eMthethweni, ngitsho lasezintweni ezincane njalo babeqakathekisa amasiko abo angathi anguMthetho ngokwawo. (Mat 23:23) Babengafuni lakuzwa ngamasiko esiGrikhi futhi njengoba babezingcitshi zoMthetho lezamasiko, babelamandla kakhulu phezu kwabantu. (Mat 23:2-6) Abanye babo babengamalunga eSanihedrini. Babejayele ukuphikisana loJesu ngokugcina iSabatha, ngamasiko, langokudlelana lezoni labathelisi. Abanye baba ngamaKhristu futhi omunye wabo kwakunguSawuli waseThasu.—Mat 9:11; 12:14; Mak 7:5; Luk 6:2; Imis 26:5.
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Abahluleli.
La ngamadoda ayekhethwa nguJehova ukuthi akhulule abantu bakhe kungakabi lamakhosi ko-Israyeli.—Aba 2:16.
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Abalandeli bakaHerodi.
Babesaziwa langokuthi ngamaHerodiya. Leli kwakuliqembu lezombangazwe elalisekela amakhosi ayebizwa ngokuthi ngoHerodi ayengaphansi kombuso weRoma. Kungenzakala ukuthi abanye abaSadusi babengabeqembu leli. Abalandeli bakaHerodi babencedisana labaFarisi ukuphikisa uJesu.—Mak 3:6.
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Abalindi benkosi.
Leli liqembu lamasotsha elalivikela umbusi waseRoma. Abalindi benkosi bacina sebeliqembu lezombangazwe elilamandla elalingasekela umbusi loba limkhiphe esikhundleni.—Flp 1:13.
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Abalomoya wokutshela abantu ngekusasa.
Laba ngabantu ababesithi bayenelisa ukutshela abantu okuzakwenzakala. EBhayibhilini abanye babo kwakungabaphristi abenza amasalamusi, abantu abasebenzelana lemimoya, lababehlahlula besebenzisa izinkanyezi.—Lev 19:31; Dut 18:11; Imis 16:16.
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AbaSadusi.
Leli kwakuliqembu lamaJuda elalidumile elalibunjwa yizikhulu kanye labaphristi. Lalilamandla kakhulu futhi yilo elalikhangela okwakusenzakala ethempelini. AbaSadusi babengavumelani lamasiko amanengi ayedluliselwa ngomlomo ayelandelwa ngabaFarisi njalo babengazikholwa ezinye izinto ezazikholwa ngabaFarisi. Babengakholwa ukuthi abafileyo bazavuswa lokuthi kulezingilosi futhi babephikisa uJesu.—Mat 16:1; Imis 23:8.
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Abhi.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesihlanu kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakulibizo lenyanga yesi-11 kukhalenda yokulima. Inyanga le yayiqalisela phakathi kukaJuly iyephela phakathi kuka-August. Ibizo layo alitholakali eBhayibhilini, ibizwa ngokuthi ‘yinyanga yesihlanu.’ (Nan 33:38; Ezr 7:9)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Abhibhi.
Leli libizo lenyanga yokuqala kukhalenda engcwele yamaJuda futhi libizo lenyanga yesikhombisa kukhalenda yokulima ababeyisebenzisa. Ibizo leli litsho ukuthi, “izikhwebu eziluhlaza (zamabele).” Inyanga le yayiqalisela phakathi kukaMarch iyephela phakathi kuka-April. AmaJuda athi esephendukile eBhabhiloni yayisibizwa ngokuthi nguNisani. (Dut 16:1)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Adari.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesi-12 kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni futhi kwakulibizo lenyanga yesithupha kukhalenda yokulima. Inyanga le yayiqalisela phakathi kukaFebruary isiyaphela phakathi kukaMarch. (Est 3:7)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Alamothi.
Leli libala elisetshenziswa kwezomculo elitsho ukuthi “izintombi” futhi lingabe lisitsho intombi ezihlabela i-soprano. Kukhanya lalisetshenziswa ukuze kutshengiswe ukuthi itshuni yomculo kumele ibe phezulu.—1Imi 15:20; Hu 46:0.
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Amadimoni.
Amadimoni yizidalwa zomoya ezimbi ezilamandla kulabantu. KuGenesisi 6:2 abizwa ngokuthi ‘ngamadodana kaNkulunkulu weqiniso,’ kuJuda 6 abizwa ngokuthi ‘zingilosi.’ Izingilosi lezi kazidalwanga zizimbi, kodwa zazenza zaba yizitha zikaNkulunkulu ngesikhathi sikaNowa, lapho zingamlaleli uJehova futhi zimhlamukela zilandela uSathane.—Dut 32:17; Luk 8:30; Imis 16:16; Jak 2:19.
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Amadodana ka-Aroni.
Lezi kwakuyizizukulwane zomzukulu kaLevi okwakuthiwa ngu-Aroni. Ngaphansi koMthetho kaMosi u-Aroni nguye owakhethwa ukuthi abe ngumphristi omkhulu wokuqala. Amadodana ka-Aroni yiwo ayesenza imisebenzi yabaphristi ethabanikeli lasethempelini.—1Imi 23:28.
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Amadolobho okuphephela.
La kwakungamadolobho amaLevi okwakungabalekela kuwo umuntu owayebulele omunye ukuze angabulawa ngulowo owayefuna ukuphindisela. Ayeyisithupha futhi ayesezindaweni ezitshiyeneyo eLizweni Lesithembiso. Amanye akhethwa nguMosi ekhokhelwa nguJehova njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uJoshuwa laye wakhetha amanye. Umuntu owayebaleka wayefika ethule udaba lwakhe ebadaleni ababesegedini ledolobho futhi babemamukela kuhle. Kodwa kwakumele abuyele ayethonisiswa edolobheni ayebulele kulo umuntu ukuze kukhanye ukuthi kalacala. Lokhu kwakuzanceda ukuthi emadolobheni okuphephela kungagcinwa abantu ababulele abanye ngabomo. Nxa kungatholakala ukuthi umuntu obulele omunye kakwenzanga ngabomo, wayebuyiselwa edolobheni lokuphephela. Kwakumele ahlale khona aze afe kumbe kuze kufe umphristi omkhulu.—Nan 35:6, 11-15, 22-29; Jos 20:2-8.
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AmaKhaledi/Ilizwe lamaKhaledi.
Laba ngabantu ababehlala lapho okuhlangana khona umfula uThigrisi loYufrathe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bonke abantu beBhabhiloni basebebizwa ngokuthi ngamaKhaledi njalo iBhabhiloni yayisibizwa ngokuthi lilizwe lamaKhaledi. Abantu ababeyizazi zesayensi, lembali, lezindimi lezinkanyezi labo babebizwa ngokuthi ngamaKhaledi. Babesenza amasalamusi njalo bahlahlule ngezinkanyezi.—Ezr 5:12; Dan 4:7; Imis 7:4.
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Amakherubhi.
Lezi yizingilosi ezilezikhundla eziphezulu lemisebenzi eqakathekileyo. Zehlukene lamaserafi.—Gen 3:24; Eks 25:20; Isy 37:16; Heb 9:5.
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Amakhoba/Umule.
La ngamakhasi aphuma emabeleni nxa kubhulwa kumbe kuselwa amabele. Ibala elithi amakhoba liyasetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngento engelancedo kumbe engafunekiyo.—Hu 1:4; Mat 3:12.
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AmaMede; IMediya.
AmaMede ngabantu ababengabosendo lukaMadayi indodana kaJafethi. Babehlala endaweni eyayilezintaba eyacina isililizwe laseMediya. Khathesi indawo le isenyakatho ntshonalanga kwe-Iran. AmaMede ancedisana leBhabhiloni ukunqoba i-Asiriya. Ngalesosikhathi iPhesiya yayiyisabelo esasibuswa yiMediya. Kodwa uKhoresi wahlamuka, iMediya yasibanjaniswa lePhesiya kwabunjwa umbuso wamaMede lamaPhesiya owanqoba umbuso weBhabhiloni ngo-539 B.C.E. AmaMede ayekhona eJerusalema ngePhentekhosti lika-33 C.E. (Dan 5:28, 31; Imis 2:9)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B9.
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AmaNefilimi.
La kwakungamadoda ayezalwa zingilosi ezazitshintsha zaba ngabantu zasezithatha abafazi emhlabeni kungakafiki uZamcolo.—Gen 6:4.
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AmaNethinimi.
Lezi kwakuyizisebenzi zethempelini ezazingayisiwo ma-Israyeli. NgesiHebheru ibala leli litsho ukuthi “abayizipho,” okutshengisa ukuthi babezasebenza ukuncedisa ethempelini. Kumele ukuthi amaNethinimi amanengi ayeyizizukulwane zamaGibhiyoni, lawo uJoshuwa ayethe azasebenza ‘ukutheza inkuni lokukha amanzi ayezasetshenziswa ngabako-Israyeli kanye lase-alithareni likaJehova.’—Jos 9:23, 27; 1Imi 9:2; Ezr 8:17.
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Amapulanka amakhulu.
La kwakungamapulanka okwakubotshelwa kuwo umuntu nxa ejeziswa. Kwamanye kwakubotshelwa inyawo kuphela, kodwa amanye ayesenza umuntu agungubale, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi kwakuyabe kubotshelwe inyawo lezandla kanye lentamo.—Jer 20:2; Imis 16:24.
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AmaSamariya.
Ekuqaliseni ibala leli lalisitsho ama-Israyeli ayesembusweni wasenyakatho wezizwana ezilitshumi. Kodwa ngemva kokunqotshwa kweSamariya ngama-Asiriya ngo-740 B.C.E., laselisitsho labantu bezinye izizwe ababelethwe ngama-Asiriya. Ngesikhathi sikaJesu lalingasatsho umhlobo othile wabantu loba abantu besinye isizwe. Laselisetshenziswa ikakhulu nxa kukhulunywa ngabantu bokholo oluthile ababehlala eduze kwamadolobho Joh 8:48.endulo ayebizwa ngokuthi yiShekhemu kanye leSamariya. Ezinye izinto ezazikholwa ngabantu laba zazehlukene kakhulu lezazikholwa ngamaJuda.—
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Amaserafi.
Lezi zingilosi ezihlala zigombolozele isihlalo sobukhosi sikaJehova emazulwini. Ibala lesiHebheru elithi sera·phimʹ litsho ukuthi “abavuthayo.”—Isy 6:2, 6.
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Amatherafimu.
Laba kwakungonkulunkulu bezimuli kumbe izithombe futhi ngezinye izikhathi zazisetshenziswa ukuhlahlula. (Hez 21:21) Amanye amatherafimu ayebazwa alingane labantu kodwa amanye ayemancane kakhulu. (Gen 31:34; 1Sa 19:13, 16) Okwavunjululwa ngabezembali eMesophothamiya kutshengisa ukuthi emulini umuntu owayelezithombe zamatherafimu wayethola ilifa. Mhlawumbe lokhu yikho okwenza ukuthi uRasheli athathe amatherafimu kayise. Ngesikhathi sabahluleli langesikhathi samakhosi, abako-Israyeli babewakhonza amatherafimu njalo abalwa phakathi kwezinto ezatshabalaliswa nguJosiya, inkosi eyayithembekile. Kodwa kukhanya ko-Israyeli amatherafimu ayengasetshenziswa ukwaba ilifa.—Aba 17:5; 2Am 23:24; Hos 3:4.
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Ameni.
Ibala leli litsho ukuthi “akube njalo” kumbe ukuthi “sibili.” Livela kwelesiHebheru elithi ʼa·manʹ, elitsho “ukuthembeka” loba “ukuba qotho.” U-“Ameni” wayekhulunywa nxa umuntu evumelana lesifungo, lomthandazo kumbe lamanye amazwi nje. Kwamanye amavesi akuSambulo, u-Ameni libizo likaJesu lokuhlonipha.—Dut 27:26; 1Imi 16:36; Sam 3:14.
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Aselgeia.
—Khangela elithi UKUXHWALA.
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Azazeli.
Leli libala lesiHebheru elingabe lisitsho ukuthi “imbuzi enyamalalayo.” NgeLanga Lokuhlawulelwa imbuzi ye-Azazeli yayixotshelwa enkangala, kube angathi ithethe izono zesizwe sonke ezenziwe ngabantu ngomnyaka odlulileyo, yahamba lazo.—Lev 16:8, 10.
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Bhuli.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesi-8 kukhalenda engcwele yamaJuda futhi yayingeyesibili kukhalenda yokulima ababeyisebenzisa. Livela ebaleni elitsho “ukuthela” kumbe “isivuno.” Inyanga le yayiqalisa phakathi kuka-October iyephela phakathi kuka-November. (1Am 6:38)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Edomi.
Leli ngelinye ibizo elaphiwa u-Esawu indodana ka-Isaka. Izizukulwane zika-Esawu (u-Edomi) zathatha iSeyiri, isabelo sezintaba esasiphakathi laphakathi koLwandle Lwesawudo lengxenye yoLwandle Olubomvu okuthiwa yi-Gulf of ‘Aqaba. Isabelo lesi sacina sibizwa ngokuthi yi-Edomi. (Gen 25:30; 36:8)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B3 lo-B4.
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Eluli.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesithupha kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakulibizo lenyanga yesi-12 kukhalenda yokulima. Inyanga le yayiqalisela phakathi kuka-August iyephela phakathi kukaSeptember. (Neh 6:15)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Esizeni.
Le kwakuyindawo yokubhulela. Yayiyisigombolozi futhi izikhathi ezinengi yayisiba phezulu lapho okuyabe kuphephetha umoya khona. (Mat 3:12)—Khangela elithi UKUBHULA.
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Ethanimi.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesikhombisa kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele njalo kwakulibizo lenyanga yokuqala kukhalenda yokulima. Inyanga le yayiqalisela phakathi kukaSeptember iyephela phakathi kuka-October. AmaJuda athi esephendukile eBhabhiloni yayisibizwa ngokuthi nguThishri. (1Am 8:2)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Githithi.
Akwaziwa ukuthi ibala leli lezomculo litshoni sibili kodwa kukhanya livela ebaleni lesiHebheru elithi gath. Abanye bakholwa ukuthi lingabe lisitsho umculo owawutshaywa lezingoma eziphathelane lokwenza iwayini, njengoba ibala elithi gath lisitsho isikhamelo sewayini.—Hu 81:0.
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Higayoni.
Leli libala elalisetshenziswa kwezokuhlabela. Ngendlela elisetshenziswe ngayo kuHubo 9:16, kungenzeka litsho ukuthi abahlabelayo bame ukuhlabela kukhale isiginci sodwa kumbe bame kube yisikhathi sokucabangisisa.
I
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I-Akhaya.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, indawo le yayiyisabelo seRoma esasiseningizimu yeGrisi njalo isigodlo sayo kwakuyiKhorinte. (Imis 18:12) Khangela —iSengezo ku-B13.
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I-alabhasta.
Leli libizo lezimbodlela ezincane okwakugcinelwa kuzo amafutha anukelelayo. Ekuqaliseni izimbodlela lezi zazisenziwa ngamatshe ayetholakala eduze le-Alabastron eGibhithe, njalo zazijayele ukwenziwa zibe lentamo encane. Zazivalwa ngci ukuze amafutha la aligugu angachitheki. Amatshe okwakusenziwa ngawo izimbodlela lezi acina esebizwa ngalelobizo.—Mak 14:3.
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I-alithare.
Le yindawo okwakunikelwa phezu kwayo imihlatshelo kumbe impepha. I-alithare lalisenziwa ngenhlabathi, ngamatshe, ngelitshe elikhulu kumbe ngezigodo besekufakwa insimbi phezu kwazo. Endlini yokuqala yethabanikeli leyethempeli ‘kwakule-alithare legolide’ okwakunikelwa kulo impepha. Lalenziwe ngezigodo, lahuqwa ngegolide. “I-alithare lekhopha” elalilikhulu futhi elalingelemihlatshelo yokutshiswa lalingaphandle egumeni. Ama-alithare ayejayele ukusetshenziswa lasekukhonzeni kwamanga. (Eks 27:1; 39:38, 39; Gen 8:20; 1Am 6:20; 2Imi 4:1; Luk 1:11)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5 lo-B8.
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I-Amagedoni.
Ibizo leli livela kwelesiHebheru elithi Har Meghid·dohnʹ, okutsho ukuthi “intaba yaseMegido.” Lisetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ‘ngempi yosuku olukhulu lukaNkulunkulu uSomandla’ lapho ‘amakhosi omhlaba wonke’ azabuthana khona ukuze alwe loJehova. (Sam 16:14, 16; 19:11-21)—Khangela elithi UKUHLUPHEKA OKUKHULU.
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I-Ariyophagu.
Lolu luqaqa olukhulu olwaluse-Athene, enyakatho ntshonalanga ye-Akropholi. Kwakuphinda kube libizo lomthethwandaba owawuhlangana kuleyondawo. Izinjulangqondo ezingamaStoyikhi lezingama-Ephikhuri zaletha uPhawuli e-Ariyophagu ukuze achasise lokho ayekukholwa.—Imis 17:19.
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I-Asiya.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, leli kwakulibizo lesabelo saseRoma. Isabelo lesi sasibunjwa yindawo esentshonalanga yelizwe eselibizwa ngokuthi yiTurkey kanye lezinye izihlenge ezinjengeSamosi lePhathimosi. Isigodlo saso kwakuyi-Efesu.—Imis 20:16; Sam 1:4.—Khangela iSengezo ku-B13.
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Ibandla.
Leli liqembu labantu ababutheneyo ngenxa yenhloso ethile. EMibhalweni yesiHebheru lijayele ukusetshenziswa nxa kutshiwo isizwe sako-Israyeli. EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi litsho amabandla atshiyeneyo, kodwa lisetshenziswa kakhulu nxa kutshiwo lonke nje ibandla lamaKhristu.—1Imi 28:8; Imis 9:31; Rom 16:5.
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Ibhalisamu.
Lokhu ngokusamafutha okuphuma ezihlahleni ezithile lezihlahlakazana futhi kuyanukelela. Ibhalisamu yayisetshenziswa ukwelapha lokwenza amakha. Yayiligugu kakhulu ebantwini ababehlala empumalanga kwelizwe lako-Israyeli.—Gen 37:25; Jer 8:22.
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Ibhathi.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso esasisetshenziswa ukukala amanzi lamafutha lewayini futhi sasingaba ngamalitha angu-22. Lokhu kufakazelwa yiziqephu zembiza zebumba ezazibhalwe ibizo leli, ezavunjululwa ngabezembali abadingisisa ngezinto zasendulo. Izilinganiso ezinengi okukhulunywa ngazo eBhayibhilini ezazisetshenziswa nxa kukalwa izinto ezingamanzi lefulawa lamabele zazithathelwa esilinganisweni sebhathi. (1Am 7:38; Hez 45:14)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Ibhokisi lesivumelwano.
Leli kwakulibhokisi elalenziwe ngesigodo zesihlahla sesinga laselihuqwa ngegolide. Laligcinwa eNgcwelengcwele yethabanikeli futhi lacina seligcinwa eNgcwelengcwele yethempeli elalakhiwe nguSolomoni. Lalilesivalo segolide esasilamakherubhi amabili ayekhangelene. Okwakuqakatheke kakhulu okwakuphakathi kwalo kwakuyizicecedu ezimbili ezazileMithetho Elitshumi. (Dut 31:26; 1Am 6:19; Heb 9:4)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5 lo-B8.
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Ichibi lomlilo.
Le yindawo engasiyo yoqobo echazwa ngokuthi ‘ivutha umlilo lesalufa,’ futhi ibizwa langokuthi ‘yikufa kwesibili.’ Endaweni le kuphoselwa izoni ezingaphendukiyo, loDeveli, lokufa kanye lengcwaba (loba iHayidesi). Njengoba kuphoselwa isidalwa somoya, lokufa kanye leHayidesi, izinto ezingeke zitshiswe ngumlilo, kutsho ukuthi ichibi leli kalisiyo ndawo ekhona sibili lapho okuhlukuluzwa khona abantu phakade, kodwa limela ukubhujiswa kwaphakade.—Sam 19:20; 20:14, 15; 21:8.
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Icilongo.
Leli lichacho elivuthelwayo elenziwe ngensimbi elalisetshenziswa ukuxwayisa abantu kumbe ukutshaya umculo. KumaNani 10:2 uJehova wathi kwenziwe amacilongo amabili esiliva ayezasetshenziswa ukubiza abantu bako-Israyeli lokubabikela ukuthi sekuhanjwa kanye lokumemezela impi. Kukhanya wona ayengagobanga njengempondo zezinyamazana ezazitshaywa nxa kulimukiswa abantu. Ethempelini kwakulamanye amacilongo omculo okungaziwayo ukuthi ayelungiswe njani. Izikhathi ezinengi ukukhala kwecilongo kwakuhambisana lokumenyezelwa kwezahlulelo zikaJehova kumbe ezinye izenzakalo eziqakathekileyo ezivela kuNkulunkulu.—2Imi 29:26; Ezr 3:10; 1Kr 15:52; Sam 8:7–11:15.
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Idandili.
Lesi yisigodo esigotshiswa sibe yingxenye yesigombolozi kubotshelwe kuso intambo futhi sasisetshenziswa ukuphosa imitshoko.—Gen 27:3; Sam 6:2.
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Idarikhi.
Idarikhi kwakuyimali yePhesiya eyenziwe ngegolide njalo yayingamagremu angu-8,4. (1Imi 29:7)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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IDekhapholi.
La kwakungamadolobho aseGrisi futhi ekuqaliseni ayelitshumi. Ibizo lawo livela ebaleni lesiGrikhi elithi deʹka, okutsho ukuthi “itshumi,” lelithi poʹlis, okutsho ukuthi “idolobho.” Isabelo esasisempumalanga yoLwandle lweGalile lomfula uJodani laso sasibizwa ngalelobizo. Yikho lapho inengi lamadolobho la elalikhona. Yiwo ayeyisigodlo samasiko lezokuthengiselana zaseGrisi. UJesu wadabula esabelweni leso, kodwa akulandawo lapho esitshelwa khona ukuthi wake wavakatshela elinye lamadolobho la.—(Mat 4:25; Mak 5:20)—Khangela iSengezo ku-A7 lo-B10.
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Idolobho likaDavida.
Leli libizo elaphiwa idolobho leJebusi ngemva kokunqotshwa kwalo nguDavida. Wakha isigodlo sakhe kulo njalo lalibizwa langokuthi yiZiyoni. Indawo le iseJerusalema eningizimu mpumalanga futhi yiyo endala kulazo zonke eJerusalema.—2Sa 5:7; 1Imi 11:4, 5.
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Idrakhima.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, ibala leli litsho imali yesiliva yamaGrikhi. Ngalesosikhathi yayingamagremu angu-3,4. EMibhalweni yesiHebheru kukhulunywa ngedrakhima legolide elaqalisa ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi samaPhesiya futhi lalilingana ledarikhi.—(Neh 7:70; Mat 17:24)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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I-efa.
Leli libhakede elalisetshenziswa ukukala izinto ezinjengefulawa lamabele. Lalilingana lesilinganiso sebhathi, okutsho ukuthi lalingamalitha angu-22. (Eks 16:36; Hez 45:10)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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I-efodi.
Lesi yisembatho esinjenge-ephroni esasigqokwa ngabaphristi. I-efodi yomphristi omkhulu yayingafanani lezabanye njalo phambili yayilesikhwama sesifubeni esasilamatshe aligugu angu-12. (Eks 28:4, 6)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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IFilistiya; AmaFilisti.
Leli lilizwe elaliseningizimu yako-Israyeli eduze lolwandle. Lalithiwa yiFilistiya futhi abantu ababehlala kulo kwakuthiwa ngamaFilisti. Abantu laba babesuka eKrethe. Lanxa uDavida wabanqoba, baqhubeka belombuso wabo futhi babehlala besilwa labako-Israyeli. (Eks 13:17; 1Sa 17:4; Amo 9:7) Khangela iSengezo ku-B4.
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IGehena.
Leli kwakulibizo lesiGrikhi lesigodi sikaHinomi esasiseningizimu laseningizimu ntshonalanga yeJerusalema yasendulo. (Jer 7:31) Kulesiphrofetho esathi izidumbu zazizalahlelwa endaweni le. (Jer 7:32; 19:6) Akulabufakazi bokuthi kulezinyamazana kumbe abantu ababejikelwa eGehena bephila ukuze batshe kumbe bahlukuluzwe. Lokhu kutshengisa ukuthi akusilo qiniso ukuthi iGehena yindawo engabonakaliyo lapho imiphefumulo yabantu ehlukuluzwa khona ngomlilo kuze kube nini lanini. UJesu labafundi bakhe basebenzisa ibala elithi Gehena bekhuluma ngokujeziswa kwaphakade ‘okuyikufa kwesibili,’ okutsho ukutshabalaliswa kwaphakade, kungasali lutho.—Sam 20:14; Mat 5:22; 10:28.
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Igera.
Igera kwakuyisisindo esasilingana lamagremu angu-0,57. Lalingena ka-20 kushekheli. (Lev 27:25)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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IGiliyadi.
Le kwakuyindawo evundileyo eyayisempumalanga komfula uJodani futhi yayitshaya ize iyefika enyakatho laseningizimu yesigodi seJabhokhi. Kodwa kwezinye izikhathi ibizo leli lalisetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngayo yonke indawo yama-Israyeli eyayisempumalanga kukaJodani, lapho okwakuhlala khona isizwana sakoRubheni lesakoGadi lengxenye yesizwana sakoManase. (Nan 32:1; Jos 12:2; 2Am 10:33)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B4.
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Iguma.
Le kwakuyindawo eligceke eyayilothango njalo yayigombolozele ithabanikeli. Lasethempelini lalikhona iguma futhi lalingenye yamagceke ayebiyelwe ngemiduli njalo ayegombolozele isakhiwo sethempeli. Ekuqaliseni i-alithare leminikelo yokutshiswa lalisegumeni lethabanikeli, kodwa kwathi sekulethempeli laselisegumeni elingaphakathi lethempeli. (Khangela iSengezo ku-B5, lo-B8, lo-B11.) IBhayibhili likhuluma langamaguma ayesezigodlweni lasemizini yabantu.—Eks 8:13; 27:9; 1Am 7:12; Est 4:11; Mat 26:3.
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Iharinathi.
Lesi yisithelo esibunjwe saba njenge-apula futhi abanye bathi ngumumbu wesikhiwa. Silekhasi eliqinileyo njalo phakathi silentanga ezibomvana ezilomhluzi omnandi. Ijazi lomphristi omkhulu elingelamikhono lalifakwe imiceciso enjengamaharinathi emphethweni. Leziduku zezinsika okwakuthiwa nguJakhini loBhowazi ezaziphambi kwethempeli zazifakwe imiceciso enjengamaharinathi.—Eks 28:34; Nan 13:23; 1Am 7:18.
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IHayidesi.
Leli libala lesiGrikhi elitsho into yinye lelesiHebheru elithi “iShiyoli” futhi lihunyutshwa ngokuthi “ingcwaba.” Litsho isimo abantu abafileyo abakuso njalo liveza ukuthi abenelisi ukwenza loba yini futhi abakwazi lutho. (Tsh 9:10; Imis 2:31)—Khangela elithi INGCWABA.
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Ihini.
Leli ligabha elalisetshenziswa ukulinganisa amafutha, lewayini lamanzi. Lalilingana lamalitha angu-3,67. (Eks 29:40)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Ihisophi.
Lesi yisilimo esasilengatsha lamahlamvu amahle esasisetshenziswa ukuchela abantu lezinto ngegazi kumbe ngamanzi nxa kuhlanjululwa. Ibala lesilimo lesi elesiGrikhi lelesiHebheru elisetshenziswe eBhayibhilini lingatsho izilimo ezitshiyeneyo. Mhlawumbe ‘ihisophi’ okukhulunywa ngayo kuJohane 19:29 yayingumhlobo womhlanga omude okokuthi wawungasifikisa emlonyeni kaJesu isipontshi esasilewayini elimunyu.—Eks 12:22; Hu 51:7.
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Ihomeri.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso sokukala ifulawa lamabele njalo sasilingana lekhori. Ihomeri yayilingana lamalitha angu-220 nxa ithathelwa esilinganisweni sebhathi. (Lev 27:16)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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IHorebhi; Intaba iHorebhi.
Le yindawo elezintaba futhi yikho lapho okulentaba iSinayi. Intaba iSinayi yayibizwa langokuthi yintaba iHorebhi. (Eks 3:1; Dut 5:2.)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B3.
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Ihubo.
Le yingoma yokudumisa uNkulunkulu. Amahubo ayehlatshelwa yizikhonzi zikaNkulunkulu kutshaywa iziginci. Lokho kwakusenziwa lasethempelini eJerusalema nxa abantu behlangene bezokhonza uJehova uNkulunkulu.— Luk 20:42; Imis 13:33; Jak 5:13.
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I-Ilirikhumu.
Lesi yisabelo saseRoma esasisenyakatho ntshonalanga yeGrisi. UPhawuli wahamba waze wayafika khona ngesikhathi etshumayela, kodwa akubhalwanga ukuthi wafika watshumayela khona yini. (Rom 15:19)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B13.
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Ijogwe.
Lolu kwakulugodo umuntu ayelubeka emahlombe abeselengisa imithwalo emaceleni womabili, kumbe ugodo olwalubotshelwa entanyeni zezinyamazana ezimbili (ikakhulu inkomo) ukuze zidonse ikhuba kumbe inqola. Izigqili zazijayele ukuthwala izinto ezisindayo ngamajogwe, yikho ijogwe lalimela ubugqili kumbe ukuba ngaphansi komunye umuntu kanye lokucindezelwa lokuhlupheka. Ukwethula ijogwe kumbe ukulephula kwakusitsho ukukhululwa ebugqilini kumbe ekucindezelweni.—Lev 26:13; Mat 11:29, 30.
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IJubhili.
Kusukela abako-Israyeli bangena eLizweni Lesithembiso, yonke iminyaka yesi-50 yayisiba liJubhili. Ngomnyaka weJubhili kwakungalinywa njalo lezigqili ezingamaHebheru zazikhululwa. Izindawo ezililifa ezazithengisiwe zazibuyiselwa kubanikazi. IJubhili kwakungumnyaka wokuthokoza lokukhululwa kwabantu owawusenza ukuthi isizwe sibuyele kulokho esasiyikho khona ngesikhathi uNkulunkulu esibumba.—Lev 25:10.
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Ikhasiya.
Ikhasiya kwakungamakha futhi yayisetshenziswa nxa kusenziwa amafutha angcwele. Yayivela emaxolweni esihlahla sekhasiya (Cinnamomum cassia). Isihlahla sekhasiya sihambelana lesihlahla sesinamoni.—Eks 30:24; Hu 45:8; Hez 27:19.
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Ikhetheni.
Leli kwakulilembu elalithungwe kuhle laba lemifanekiso yamakherubhi. Yilo elalisehlukanisa iNgcwelengcwele leNdawo Engcwele, kokubili ethabanikeli lasethempelini. (Eks 26:31; 2Imi 3:14; Mat 27:51; Heb 9:3)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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Ikhorali.
Amakhorali enziwa ngamathambo ezinanakazana eziselwandle njalo aqine njengamatshe. Ayimibala etshiyeneyo, amanye abomvu, amanye amhlophe futhi amanye amnyama. Ayetholakala kakhulu eLwandle Olubomvu. Ngesikhathi iBhayibhili libhalwa, amakhorali abomvu ayedula kakhulu futhi kwakusenziwa ngawo imiceciso etshiyeneyo.—Zag 8:11.
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Ikhori.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso esasisetshenziswa ukukala izinto ezingamanzi kanye lefulawa lamabele. Ikhori yayilingana lamalitha angu-220 nxa ithathelwa esilinganisweni sebhathi. (1Am 5:11)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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ILanga Lokuhlawulelwa.
Leli kwakulilanga elingcwele elaliqakatheke kulawo wonke amalanga angcwele kuma-Israyeli. Libizwa langokuthi yi-Yom Kippur, ibala elivela kwelesiHebheru elithi yohm hak·kip·pu·rimʹ, elitsho ukuthi “ilanga lokusibekela” izono. Lalithakazelelwa mhlaka 10 ngenyanga ka-Ethanimi. Yilo kuphela ilanga phakathi komnyaka lapho umphristi omkhulu ayengena khona eNgcwelengcwele yethabanikeli ukuze anikele igazi lemihlatshelo yezono zakhe, ezabaLevi, lezabantu. Yikho ayekwenza futhi sekusetshenziswa ithempeli. ILanga Lokuhlawulelwa laliyisikhathi somhlangano ongcwele lesokuzila njalo laliyisabatha, okutsho ukuthi kwakungasetshenzwa ngalelolanga.—Lev 23:27, 28.
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ILanga Lokulungiselela.
Leli libizo lelanga elalisandulela eleSabatha. Ngalelolanga amaJuda ayelungiselela iSabatha. Laliphela ekutshoneni kwelanga ngosuku esesilubiza ngokuthi nguLwesihlanu, besekuqalisa iSabatha. Ilanga lamaJuda laliqalisa ntambama liyephela ntambama ngelanga elilandelayo.—Mak 15:42; Luk 23:54.
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Ilephuthoni.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, lolu luhlamvu lwemali yamaJuda olwaluluncane kulazo zonke inhlamvu futhi lwalungolwekhopha. Amanye amaBhayibhili ahumutsha ibala leli ngokuthi ‘ucezwana lwethusi’ loba ‘uhlamvana lwethusi.’ (Mak 12:42; Luk 21:2; amabala angaphansi.)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Ilitshe eliyisiqokoqela.
Leli lilitshe elifakwa ekhoneni lesakhiwo nxa kusakhiwa. Liba lapho imiduli emibili ehlangana khona futhi liqakathekile ngoba liyayibambanisa ingehlukani. Phakathi kwamatshe ayisiqokoqela, elaliqakatheke kakhulu ngelalifakwa esisekelweni. Kwakukhethwa eliqine kakhulu nxa kusakhiwa izakhiwo zomphakathi lemiduli yedolobho. Amabala la ayasetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngokudalwa komhlaba. UJesu laye kuthiwa “ulilitshe lesisekelo eliyisiqokoqela” elebandla lamaKhristu, elifaniswa lendlu eyakhiwa ngomoya kaNkulunkulu.—Efe 2:20; Job 38:6.
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Ilitshe lokuchola.
Le yimbokodo eyayisetshenziswa ukuchola amabele abe yifulawa futhi kwakucholelwa phezu kwelinye ilitshe elinjengayo. Ngezikhathi zeBhayibhili, omama abanengi babechola ngezandla besebenzisa ilitshe lokuchola. Njengoba imuli ngayinye yayithembele elitsheni lokuchola ukuthi ithole isinkwa sansuku zonke, uMthetho kaMosi wawungavumi ukuthi umuntu athathele omunye ilitshe ayecholela kulo loba imbokodo yakhona ayenze isibambiso. Kwakulamatshe okuchola amakhulu futhi wona ayedonswa zinyamazana.—Dut 24:6; Mak 9:42.
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Ilogu.
Lesi yisilinganiso esasisetshenziswa nxa kukalwa amanzi lamafutha lewayini njalo yiso esasisincane kulazo zonke okukhulunywa ngazo eBhayibhilini. Emibhalweni okuthiwa yi-Jewish Talmud kuthiwa ilogu ingena ka-12 esilinganisweni sehini. Nxa sisebenzisa lokho kutsho ukuthi ilogu iba yi-0,31 yelitha. (Lev 14:10)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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IMakhedoniya.
Le yindawo eyayisenyakatho yeGrisi eyaduma ngesikhathi kubusa u-Alekizanda Omkhulu. Yayilombuso wayo owaphela ngesikhathi inqotshwa ngamaRoma. IMakhedoniya yayiyisabelo seRoma ngesikhathi umphostoli uPhawuli esiya eYurophu okokuqala. UPhawuli wafika kathathu esabelweni lesi. (Imis 16:9)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B13.
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Imana.
Lokhu yikudla ama-Israyeli ayephila ngakho ngesikhathi esenkangala okweminyaka engu-40, njalo ayekuphiwa nguJehova. Kwakusenzakala isimangaliso, imana ivuke igcwele phansi yembeswe ngamazolo. Yayisiba khona nsuku zonke ekuseni ngaphandle nxa kuliSabatha. Ama-Israyeli athi eyibona okokuqala athi, “Kuyini lokhu?” NgesiHebheru lokhu kutsho ukuthi, “man hu?” (Eks 16:13-15, 35) Kwamanye amavesi ibizwa ngokuthi ‘yikudla okuvela ezulwini’ (Hu 78:24), kumbe “isinkwa esivela ezulwini” (Hu 105:40) loba “ukudla kwezingilosi” (Hu 78:25). UJesu laye wake wafanisa okunye ayekhuluma ngakho lemana.—Joh 6:49, 50.
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Imayili.
Lesi yisilinganiso somango esitholakala kanye kuphela kuMathewu 5:41 (amabala angaphansi) eMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi yokuqala. Kungenzakala ukuthi imayili le yileyo eyayisetshenziswa ngamaRoma, eyayingamamitha angu-1 479,50.—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Imfihlo engcwele.
Le yimfihlo kaNkulunkulu eyingxenye yenhloso yakhe. Uyigcina ifihlakele kuze kube yisikhathi sakhe esifaneleyo futhi uyiveza kulabo akhetha ukuthi abenze bayazi.—Mak 4:11; Kol 1:26.
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Imigodla yesikhumba.
Le yimigodla eyayisenziwa ngesikhumba senyamazana kungaba ngesembuzi loba esemvu njalo yayifakelwa iwayini. Iwayini lalifakwa ezikhumbeni ezintsha ngenxa yokuthi nxa selibila likhipha umoya okuthiwa yi-carbon dioxide oyenza ukuthi zikhukhumale. Izikhumba ezintsha zingaba lomoya lo ziyakhukhumala kodwa ezindala zihle zidabuke.—Jos 9:4; Mat 9:17.
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Imihlanga.
EBhayibhilini le yimihlobo eyehlukeneyo yotshani ejayele ukumila ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi. Izikhathi ezinengi kuyabe kutshiwo obubizwa ngokuthi yi-Arundo donax. (Job 8:11; Isy 42:3; Mat 27:29; Sam 11:1)—Khangela elithi UMHLANGA WOKULINGANISA.
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Imikhumbi yeThashishi.
Ekuqaliseni le kwakuyimikhumbi eyayisiya eThashishi, ilizwe eselibizwa ngokuthi yiSpain. Kukhanya angani yonke imikhumbi emikhulu eyayihamba imango emide yacina isibizwa ngokuthi yimikhumbi yeThashishi. USolomoni loJehoshafathi babesebenzisa imikhumbi le nxa beqhuba amabhizimusi abo.—1Am 9:26; 10:22; 22:48.
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Imina.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso sesisindo lesemali. KuHezekheli kuthiwa yimane. Nxa kukhangelwa izinto ezavunjululwa ngabezembali, kutholakala ukuthi imina lalilingana lamashekheli angu-50 lokuthi ishekheli yayingamagremu angu-11,4. Lokhu kutsho ukuthi imina okukhulunywa ngayo eMibhalweni yesiHebheru yayingamagremu angu-570. Kungenzakala ukuthi kwakulemina yesikhosini njengoba nje kwakulengalo yesikhosini. Imina okukhulunywa ngayo eMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi yayilingana lamadrakhima angu-100 njalo yayilesisindo esingamagremu angu-340. Amamina angu-60 ayelingana lethalenta. (Ezr 2:69; Luk 19:13)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Impepha.
Impepha yinhlaka enukelelayo ehlanganiswe lamabhalisamu, futhi itsha kancane kancane ikhiphe iphunga elimnandi. Kulempepha eyayiqakathekile eyayisenzelwa ukusetshenziswa ethabanikeli kanye lasethempelini futhi yayisenziwa ngokuhlanganisa izinto ezine. Yayitshiswa ekuseni lebusuku e-alithareni lempepha phakathi kweNdawo Engcwele, njalo ngeLanga Lokuhlawulelwa yayitshiswa phakathi kweNgcwelengcwele. Yayimela imithandazo eyamukelwa nguNkulunkulu eyezinceku zakhe ezithembekileyo. Kwakungakhangelelwanga ukuthi amaKhristu ayisebenzise.—Eks 30:34, 35; Lev 16:13; Sam 5:8.
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Impondo ze-alithare.
Impondo lezi zazisemakhoneni womane ama-alithare. (Lev 8:15; 1Am 2:28)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5 lo-B8.
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Imure.
Le yinhlaka enukelelayo eyayithathwa ezihlahleni zameva ezincane ezehlukeneyo, ezomhlobo okuthiwa yi-Commiphora. Imure yayihlanganiswa lezinye izinto nxa kusenziwa amafutha angcwele. Yayifakwa lasezigqokweni lasemibhedeni ukuze kunukelele, kanye lasemafutheni okumasaja lawokugcoba umzimba. Imure yayiphinda isetshenziswe nxa kulungiswa isidumbu esesizangcwatshwa.—Eks 30:23; Zag 7:17; Joh 19:39.
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Imvubelo.
Le yinto efakwa enhlameni kumbe kokuthile okungamanzi ukuze kubile. Izikhathi ezinengi imvubelo yayicutshwa enhlameni eyayivele isivutshiwe yabila. EBhayibhilini, imvubelo ijayele ukumela isono kumbe ukonakala. Kukhulunywa ngayo lalapho kuchasiswa ukukhula okukhulu okwenzakala abantu bengananzeleli.—Eks 12:20; Mat 13:33; Gal 5:9.
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Inadi.
La ngamafutha anukelelayo ayedula kakhulu njalo ayelombala obomvana. Ayesenziwa ngesihlahlakazana esinukelelayo okuthiwa yi-Nardostachys jatamansi. Inadi Mak 14:3; Joh 12:3.yayidula okwamagama, yikho yayijayele ukuhlanganiswa lamanye amafutha angayisiwo wohlonzi njalo kwakulenye engasiyoqobo. UMakho loJohane babhala ukuthi uJesu wathelwa “inadi yoqobo.”—
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Inceku ekhonzayo.
Ibala leli lihunyutshwe kwelesiGrikhi elithi di·aʹko·nos, elandise ukuhunyutshwa ngokuthi “isikhonzi” kumbe “inceku.” “Inceku ekhonzayo” ngumuntu oncedisa iqula labadala ebandleni. Kumele abe ngowenza lokho okutshiwo liBhayibhili mayelana labantu abafanele ukuthola umsebenzi lo.—1Thi 3:8-10, 12.
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Incwadimgoqwa.
Incwadimgoqwa kwakuyisikhumba loba iphepha elikhulu elenziwe ngemihlanga elalibhalwe eceleni elilodwa. Izikhathi ezinengi yayigoqelwa esigodweni. IMibhalo yalotshelwa ezincwadinimgoqwa njalo lababeyikopa babebhalela kuzo, njengoba kuyizo ezazisetshenziswa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokubhalwa kweBhayibhili.—Jer 36:4, 18, 23; Luk 4:17-20; 2Thi 4:13.
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Indandatho elophawu.
Lolu luphawu olwalugqokwa emunweni kumbe olwalulengiswa entanyeni ngentambo. Lwalutshengisa amandla ombusi kumbe awesiphathamandla. (Gen 41:42)—Khangela elithi UPHAWU.
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INdawo Engcwele.
Le kwakuyingxenye yokuqala yethabanikeli futhi kwathi sekulethempeli yayiyindlu yokuqala. Yayinkulu kuleNgcwelengcwele. INdawo Engcwele eyayisethabanikeli yayiloluthi lwesibane lwegolide, le-alithare lokutshisela impepha elenziwe ngegolide, letafula yesinkwa sokubukiswa, lezitsha zegolide. Eyayisethempelini yona yayile-alithare legolide, lezinti zezibane ezingu-10 ezenziwe ngegolide, lamatafula esinkwa sokubukiswa angu-10. (Eks 26:33; Heb 9:2)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5 lo-B8.
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Indawo engcwele.
Le yindawo eyayikhethiwe ukuthi kukhonzelwe kuyo, kodwa izikhathi ezinengi itsho ithabanikeli kumbe ithempeli elaliseJerusalema. Iphinda itsho lendawo uNkulunkulu ahlala kuyo emazulwini.—Eks 25:8, 9; 2Am 10:25; 1Imi 28:10; Sam 11:19.
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Indawo ephakemeyo.
Le kwakuyindawo yokukhonzela. Izikhathi ezinengi yayisiba phezu koqaqa loba kwentaba kumbe indawo abantu abazenzele yona. Lanxa kwezinye izikhathi indawo eziphakemeyo zazisetshenziswa nxa kukhonzwa uNkulunkulu, izikhathi ezinengi zazisetshenziswa ukukhonza onkulunkulu bamanga.—Nan 33:52; 1Am 3:2; Jer 19:5.
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Indlawu.
Lezi kwakuzinsimbi zokubambisa amalahle ezisasigelo ezazisetshenziswa ethabanikeli lasethempelini nxa kucitshwa izibane. Zazenziwe ngegolide.—Eks 37:23.
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INdlela.
IMibhalo isebenzisa ibala leli nxa ikhuluma ngezenzo loba ukuziphatha okwamukelwa nguJehova kumbe lokho angakwamukeliyo. Labo ababa ngabalandeli bakaJesu Khristu kwakuthiwa ‘ngabaleyoNdlela,’ okutsho ukuthi babephila ngendlela etshengisa ukuthi babelokholo kuJesu Khristu futhi belandela isibonelo sakhe.—Imis 19:9.
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INdlovukazi Yezulu.
Leli libizo lokuhlonipha okwakubizwa ngalo unkulunkulukazi owayekhonzwa ngama-Israyeli ayehlamukile ngesikhathi sikaJeremiya. Abanye bathi kwakungabe kungunkulunkulukazi weBhabhiloni okuthiwa ngu-Ishtar (kumbe u-Astarte).” Kwakuthiwa ungunkulunkulukazi wezulu lowenzalo. Komunye umbhalo waseGibhithe u-Astarte kuthiwa “yiNkosazana Yezulu.” Kwakulomunye unkulunkulukazi owayekhonzwa ngamaSumeri okwakuthiwa ngu-Inanna, okutsho ukuthi “iNdlovukazi Yezulu.”—Jer 44:19.
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Indodana kaDavida.
La ngamazwi ayejayele ukusetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngoJesu. Ayegcizelela ukuthi uyiNdlalifa yesivumelwano soMbuso esasizagcwaliswa ngumuntu owayengowosendo lukaDavida.—Mat 12:23; 21:9.
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INdodana yomuntu.
Amabala la atholakala izikhathi ezingaba ngu-80 emaVangelini. UJesu Khristu ubizwa ngokuthi yiNdodana yomuntu futhi lokhu kutshengisa ukuthi njengoba wazalwa emhlabeni, waba ngumuntu sibili hatshi isidalwa somoya esasitshintshe umzimba waso waba ngowenyama. Kuveza lokuthi uJesu wayezagcwalisa isiphrofetho esibhalwe kuDanyeli 7:13, 14. EMibhalweni yesiHebheru, uHezekheli ubizwa ngokuthi yindodana yomuntu futhi loDanyeli ubizwa njalo. Lokhu kutshengisa ukuthi izithunywa lezi ezimbili ezazingabantu nje zazingafanani loNkulunkulu, uMnikazi wamazwi okwakufanele ziwatsho.—Hez 3:17; Dan 8:17; Mat 19:28; 20:28.
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Indonsakusa.
Le yinkanyezi yokucina ukuphuma empumalanga ilanga lingakaphumi, etshengisa ukuthi sekuzakusa.—Sam 22:16; 2Pe 1:19.
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Ingalo.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso sobude. Sasingaba ngangokusuka endololwaneni kusiyafika ekucineni komunwe ophakathi laphakathi. Abako-Israyeli babejayele ukusebenzisa ingalo engaba ngamasentimitha angu-44,5. Kodwa babesebenzisa lengalo eyayisedlula le ngobude obungangobubanzi besandla. Yona yayingaba ngamasentimitha angu-51,8. (Gen 6:15; Luk 12:25)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Ingcwaba.
Leli libala elisetshenziswa nxa kuhunyutshwa ibala lesiHebheru elithi “Shiyoli” lelesiGrikhi elithi “Hayidesi.” Amabala la atsho isimo abantu abafileyo abakuso. Nxa iBhayibhili lisithi umuntu ‘usengcwabeni’ liyabe lisitsho ukuthi usefile. Liveza ukuthi abantu abalapho abenelisi ukwenza loba yini njalo abakwazi lutho.—Hu 16:10; Tsh 9:5, 10; Imis 2:31.
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INgcwelengcwele.
Le kwakuyindawo eyayingaphakathi ethabanikeli futhi kwathi sekulethempeli yayiyindlu engaphakathi. Yikho lapho ibhokisi lesivumelwano elaligcinwa khona. EMthethweni kaMosi, umphristi omkhulu nguye yedwa owayevunyelwa ukungena eNgcwelengcwele. Wayengena kanye ngomnyaka ngeLanga Lokuhlawulelwa.—Eks 26:33; Lev 16:2, 17; 1Am 6:16; Heb 9:3.
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Ingilosi enkulu.
Ibala leli litsho “induna yezingilosi.” Ingcazelo le kanye lokuthi eBhayibhilini ibala leli lifakwe ebunyeni kuphela kutshengisa ukuthi kulengilosi enkulu eyodwa kuphela. IBhayibhili lithi ibizo layo nguMikhayeli.—Dan 12:1; Jud 9; Sam 12:7.
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Ingoma Yemiqanso.
Lesi yisethulo esitholakala kuHubo 120 kusiya ku-134. Lanxa isethulo lesi sichasiswa ngendlela ezitshiyeneyo, abanengi bacabanga ukuthi amaHubo la angu-15 ayehlatshelwa ngama-Israyeli ethokoza, ‘eqansa’ esiya eJerusalema emikhosini emikhulu emithathu eyayisenziwa minyaka yonke. IJerusalema yayisezintabeni zakoJuda.
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Ingoma yokulila.
Le yingoma elamazwi aveza ukuthi umuntu uhlulukelwe kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo nxa kuyikuthi ufelwe ngumngane kumbe umuntu amthandayo.—2Sa 1:17; Hu 7:0.
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Inhlaka yokwenza impepha.
Le yinhlaka ewonyisiweyo ephuma ezihlahleni lakuzihlahlakazana zomhlobo othiwa yi-Boswellia. Yayinukelela nxa itshiswa. Yayihlanganiswa lokunye nxa kusenziwa impepha engcwele eyayisetshenziswa ethabanikeli kanye lasethempelini. Yayinikelwa leminikelo yamabele njalo yayifakwa phezu kwezinkwa zokubukiswa ezaziseNdaweni Engcwele.—Eks 30:34-36; Lev 2:1; 24:7; Mat 2:11.
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Inhlawulo.
Le kwakuyimbadalo eyayikhitshwa ukuze umuntu akhululwe ekuthunjweni, ekujezisweni, ekuhluphekeni, esonweni kumbe emlandwini othile. Imbadalo le kwakungayisiyo mali kuphela. (Isy 43:3) Inhlawulo yayifuneka ezimeni ezitshiyeneyo. Ngokwesibonelo, wonke amazibulo esilisa lamazibulo amaduna ezifuyo ayengakaJehova. Ngakho kwakumele kubhadalwe inhlawulo kumbe ahlengwe ngokuthile ukuze akhululwe, angabi nganikelwe enkonzweni kaJehova kuphela. (Nan 3:45, 46; 18:15, 16) Nxa inkunzi eyingozi yayingatshiywa izihambela yodwa ibisibulala umuntu, umnikazi wayebhadaliswa inhlawulo ukuze akhululwe angabulawa. (Eks 21:29, 30) Kodwa inhlawulo yomuntu obulele ngabomo yayingeke yamukelwe. (Nan 35:31) Inhlawulo eqakatheke kulazo zonke okukhulunywa ngayo eBhayibhilini yileyo uKhristu ayibhadala ngomhlatshelo wokufa kwakhe ukuze akhulule abantu abalalelayo esonweni lasekufeni.—Hu 49:7, 8; Mat 20:28; Efe 1:7.
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Inkatho.
La ngamatshe amancane loba okuyizigodo okuncane okwakusetshenziswa nxa kusenziwa izinqumo. Kwakuthathwa kufakwe esembathweni loba esitsheni, besekukhuhluzwa. Okwakudojwa khonapho loba okwakusiwa lapho kwakuyabe kuyiyo inkatho ekhethiweyo. Izikhathi ezinengi ababesenza inkatho babeqala bathandaze. Ibala elasetshenziswa eBhayibhilini elihunyutshwa ngokuthi inkatho lingatsho ‘isabelo.’—Jos 14:2; Hu 16:5; Zag 16:33; Mat 27:35.
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Inkezwana zokuthwala amalahle.
Izitsha ezazenziwe ngegolide, ngesiliva kumbe ngekhopha. Zazisetshenziswa ethabanikeli lasethempelini ukutshisela impepha Eks 37:23; 2Imi 26:19; Heb 9:4.lokukhipha amalahle e-alithareni lemihlatshelo kanye lokukhipha umlotha osele ezintini zezibane zegolide. Zazibizwa langokuthi yizitsha zokuthwala umlilo.—
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Inkonzo engcwele.
Lo ngumsebenzi ongcwele owenziwa ngumuntu okhonza uNkulunkulu.—Rom 12:1; Sam 7:15.
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Inqola.
Inqola okukhulunywa ngayo eBhayibhilini yayidonswa ngamabhiza njalo yayisetshenziswa ikakhulu empini.—Eks 14:23; Aba 4:13; Imis 8:28.
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Insika ezikhonzwayo.
Lezi kwakuzinsika eziqondileyo futhi izikhathi ezinengi zazisenziwa ngamatshe. Kukhanya zaziluphawu lwesitho sensitha sesilisa sikaBhali kumbe sabanye onkulunkulu bamanga.—Eks 23:24.
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Insika.
Insika yinto enkulu eme yaqonda esekela isakhiwo. Ezinye insika zazifakwa ukuze zibe yisikhumbuzo sokuyabe kwenzakele. Insika zazikhona ethempelini lasezakhiweni zesigodlweni ezakhiwa nguSolomoni. Abantu ababekhonza onkulunkulu bamanga babemisa insika ababezisebenzisa nxa bekhonza futhi kwezinye izikhathi ama-Israyeli ayewulandela umkhuba lo. (Aba 16:29; 1Am 7:21; 14:23)—Khangela elithi ISIDUKU.
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Insuku zokucina.
Nxa iziphrofetho zeBhayibhili zikhuluma ngensuku zokucina kumbe ‘ukucina kwezinsuku’ ziyabe zisitsho isikhathi lapho izenzakalo ezithile eziyabe sezisiya khona emaphethelweni. (Hez 38:16; Dan 10:14; Imis 2:17) Isikhathi leso singaba yiminyaka emilutshwana kumbe eminengi, kusiya ngesiphrofetho sakhona. Kodwa iBhayibhili likhuluma ikakhulu ‘ngensuku zokucina’ zomumo lo wezinto, ezangesikhathi lesi sokuba khona kukaJesu.—2Thi 3:1; Jak 5:3; 2Pe 3:3.
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Intethe.
EMthethweni kaMosi intethe kwakuthiwa zihlanzekile futhi abantu babevunyelwa ukuzidla. Imihlobo eminengi yentethe ihamba ingumtshitshi. Kwezinye izikhathi kwakusiba lomtshitshi wentethe ezazitshaya zibhuqe zonke izilimo.—Eks 10:14; Mat 3:4.
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Intonga yobukhosi.
Intonga le kwakungumqwayi loba induku eyayithwalwa ngumbusi. Yayimela amandla okubusa.—Gen 49:10; Heb 1:8.
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I-omeri.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso sokukala izinto ezinjengefulawa lamabele futhi sasilingana lamalitha angu-2,2. I-efa eyodwa ngama-omeri angu-10. (Eks 16:16, 18)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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I-onekisi.
Leli lilitshe eliligugu elilemibala etshiyeneyo. Amanye amnyama, amanye ansundu (brown), amanye abomvu, amanye ayimpunga (gray) futhi amanye aluhlaza. Wonke amatshe la alemizila emhlophe. I-onekisi yayikhona ezigqokweni zomphristi omkhulu.—Eks 28:9, 12; 1Imi 29:2; Job 28:16.
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Iphaphirasi.
Iphaphirasi injengemizi njalo ikhula lapho okulamanzi khona. Yayisetshenziswa ukwenza amabhasikiti lezitsha kanye lezikepe. Yayiphinda isetshenziswe ukwenza izinto zokubhalela ezazingathi ngamaphepha njalo kwakusenziwa ngayo izincwadimgoqwa ezinengi.—Jer 51:32.
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Ipharadayisi.
Le yindawo enhle okwamagama, enjengephakhi. Indawo yokuqala eyayilipharadayisi kwakuyi-Edeni, leyo uJehova ayeyenzele abantu bokuqala ababili. UJesu wathi ekhuluma lesigebenga esasiseceleni kwakhe esigodweni sokuhlutshwa, waveza ukuthi umhlaba uzakuba lipharadayisi. Kukhanya ibala elithi ipharadayisi eliku-2 Khorinte 12:4 litsho ipharadayisi ezakuba khona. ElikuSambulo 2:7 litsho ipharadayisi yasezulwini.—Ing 4:13; Luk 23:43.
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IPhasika.
Lo kwakungumkhosi owawusenziwa kanye ngomnyaka mhlaka 14 ngenyanga ka-Abhibhi (eyacina isibizwa ngokuthi nguNisani), ukuze kukhunjulwe ukukhululwa kwama-Israyeli eGibhithe. Ngesikhathi ama-Israyeli ethakazelela umkhosi lo, ayehlaba imvana (kumbe imbuzi) ayiwose, abeseyidla lemibhida ebabayo kanye lesinkwa esingelamvubelo.—Eks 12:27; Joh 6:4; 1Kr 5:7.
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IPhentekhosti.
Lo kwakungumkhosi wesibili emikhosini emithathu eqakathekileyo okwakumele wonke amaJuda esilisa ayithakazelele eJerusalema. Ukuthi Phentekhosti kutsho ukuthi “elesi-50 (ilanga).” Leli libizo elisetshenziswa eMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi. EMibhalweni yesiHebheru umkhosi lo ubizwa ngokuthi nguMkhosi Wokuvuna loba uMkhosi Wamaviki. IPhentekhosti yayithakazelelwa ngelanga Eks 23:16; 34:22; Imis 2:1.lesi-50 nxa kubalwa kusukela kuNisani 16.—
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IPhesiya; AmaPhesiya.
Leli lilizwe kanye labantu abajayele ukuqanjwa lamaMede njalo kukhanya babeyizihlobo zawo. Kudala amaPhesiya ayehlala endaweni eseningizimu ntshonalanga kwe-Iran. Ngesikhathi kubusa uKhoresi Omkhulu amaPhesiya aba lamandla kulamaMede lanxa umbuso wabo waqhubeka ubambene. Abanye abezembali bathi uyise kaKhoresi wayengumPhesiya, unina engumMede. UKhoresi wanqoba umbuso weBhabhiloni ngo-539 B.C.E., wasevumela amaJuda ukuthi abuyele elizweni lawo. Umbuso wePhesiya wawusukela emfuleni u-Indus empumalanga uyefika eLwandle lwe-Aegean entshonalanga. AmaJuda aqhubeka engaphansi kombuso wePhesiya kwaze kwaba yisikhathi u-Alekizanda Omkhulu enqoba amaPhesiya ngo-331 B.C.E. UDanyeli wabona umbuso wePhesiya embonweni wakhe njalo kukhulunywa ngawo ku-Ezra loNehemiya kanye lo-Esta. (Ezr 1:1; Dan 5:28; 8:20)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B9.
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Iphimu.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso sesisindo futhi kwakuyintengo abantu ababeyibhadala amaFilisti ukuze abalolele amathuluzi abo. Izilinganiso zamatshe ezavunjululwa ngabezembali ko-Israyeli zilabongwaqa besiHebheru abebala elithi “iphimu.” Isisindo sazo sidlalela kumagremu angu-7,8 okwakungaba zingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu (2⁄3) zeshekheli.—1Sa 13:20, 21.
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IPhurimi.
Lo kwakungumkhosi waminyaka yonke owawusenziwa mhlaka 14 lamhlaka 15 ngenyanga ka-Adari. Kwakuthakazelelwa ukusindiswa kwamaJuda ayezabulawa ngesikhathi seNdlovukazi u-Esta. Ibala elithi pu·rimʹ elingasilesiHebheru litsho ukuthi “inkatho.” Umkhosi lo wabizwa ngokuthi nguMkhosi wePhurimi langokuthi nguMkhosi Wenkatho ngoba uHamani wenza inkatho ukuze akhethe ilanga ayezatshabalalisa ngalo amaJuda.—Est 3:7; 9:26.
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Iqhiye.
Umphristi omkhulu wayebopha iqhiye yelineni yohlonzi njalo phambili yayilecence legolide elalibotshelwe ngentambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inkosi yayiqala ibophe iqhiye ibisifaka umqhele phezulu. UJobe wafanisa ukwahlulela kuhle leqhiye.—Eks 28:36, 37; Job 29:14; Hez 21:26.
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ISabatha.
Ibala leli livela kwelesiHebheru elitsho “ukuphumula” kumbe “ukuma ukwenza ulutho.” ISabatha lilanga lesikhombisa evikini yamaJuda (liqalisa ekutshoneni kwelanga ngoLwesihlanu liphele ekutshoneni kwelanga ngoMgqibelo). Ezinye insuku zemikhosi eyayisiba khona phakathi komnyaka, lomnyaka wesikhombisa kanye lomnyaka wesi-50 lakho kwakubizwa ngokuthi ngamasabatha. Kakho okwakumele asebenze ngelanga leSabatha ngaphandle kwabaphristi ababesebenza endaweni engcwele. Ngeminyaka yeSabatha umhlabathi kwakungamelanga ulinywe futhi amaHebheru kwakungamelanga athonisise izikwelede kubafowabo. EMthethweni kaMosi, imilayo eyayiphathelane leSabatha yayinganzima, kodwa abakhokheli benkolo baqhubeka besengezelela kuyo okokuthi ngesikhathi sikaJesu kwasekunzima ukuthi abantu bayilandele.—Eks 20:8; Lev 25:4; Luk 13:14-16; Kol 2:16.
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Isaga.
Isaga ngamazwi ahlakaniphileyo kumbe indatshana efundisa isifundo esithile kumbe eveza iqiniso elizikileyo ngamazwi amalutshwana kakhulu. Izaga eziseBhayibhilini zingaba yizitsho eziphicayo loba amazwi asalibho. Isaga simumethe iqiniso elethulwe ngolimi olumnandi, ikakhulu ngeziqathaniso. Ezinye izitsho zacina sezingamazwi ajayelekileyo ayesesetshenziswa nxa kuchothozwa abanye abantu loba nxa beseyiswa.—Tsh 12:9; 2Pe 2:22.
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ISamariya.
Leli lidolobho elaliyisigodlo sombuso wako-Israyeli wasenyakatho owezizwana ezilitshumi okweminyaka engaba ngu-200 njalo lonke ilizwe lalowombuso lalibizwa ngebizo leli. Idolobho leli lalakhelwe entabeni iSamariya. Ngesikhathi sikaJesu, iSamariya kwakuyindawo ephakathi kweGalile leJudiya. IGalile yayisenyakatho, iJudiya iseningizimu. UJesu wayengajayelanga ukutshumayela kuleyondawo kodwa ngezinye izikhathi wayedabula kuyo akhulume lababehlala khona. UPhetro wasebenzisa ikhiye yesibili yoMbuso lapho amaSamariya esamukela umoya ongcwele. (1Am 16:24; Joh 4:7; Imis 8:14)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B10.
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Isangoma.
Lo ngumuntu othi uyenelisa ukukhuluma labantu abafileyo.—Lev 20:27; Dut 18:10-12; 2Am 21:6.
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ISanihedrini.
Lo kwakungumthethwandaba omkhulu wamaJuda owawuseJerusalema. Ngesikhathi sikaJesu, iqembu leli lalilamalunga angu-71. Lalibunjwa ngumphristi omkhulu, labanye ababeke baba ngabaphristi abakhulu, lamalunga ezimuli zabaphristi abakhulu, labadala, labakhokheli bezimuli lezizwana kanye lababhali.—Mak 15:1; Imis 5:34; 23:1, 6.
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Isavutha.
Lesi yisikhali esisamchilo esasisetshenziswa ukuphosa ilitshe. Izikhathi ezinengi sasiselukwa ngezinto ezithethwe enyamazaneni zahlanganiswa ndawonye, ngokwesibonelo imisipha loboya. Phakathi isavutha sasibanzi njalo sasijayele ukufakwa ilitshe. Ingxenye esekucineni yesavutha yayibotshelwa esandleni, besekusithi enye ibanjwe ibisiyekelwa nxa ilitshe seliphoswa. Izizwe zakudala zazisiba lamabutho alwa ngezavutha.—Aba 20:16; 1Sa 17:50.
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Isazi sezinkanyezi.
Lo ngumuntu ohlola ukuhamba kwelanga lenyanga kanye lezinkanyezi ukuze atsho okuzakwenzakala esikhathini esizayo.—Dan 2:27; Mat 2:1.
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Isembatho sesaka.
Leli kwakulilembu elihwayayo elalisetshenziswa ukwenza amasaka futhi amanye ayesetshenziswa ukufakela amabele. Lalijayele ukulungiswa ngoboya bembuzi obumnyama njalo yilo elalandise ukugqokwa ngumuntu olilayo.—Gen 37:34; Luk 10:13.
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Isethulo seHubo.
La ngamazwi asekuqaliseni kweHubo aveza umlobi walo, asitshele okwakusenzakala, ukuthi kwakumele lihlatshelwe njani kumbe ukuthi lalisetshenziswa ngaphi kanye lokuthi labhalelwani.—Khangela isethulo seHubo 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 30, 38, 60, 92, 102.
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Iseya.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso sokukala ifulawa lamabele. Iseya yayingamalitha angu-7,33 nxa kusetshenziswa isilinganiso sebhathi esokukala izinto ezinjengamanzi lamafutha. (2Am 7:1)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Ishekheli.
Lesi kwakuyisilinganiso esijayelekileyo sesisindo lemali. Sasingamagremu angu-11,4. Kungenzakala ukuthi umutsho othi ‘ishekheli yendawo engcwele’ wawusetshenziswa ukuze kugcizelelwe ukuthi isisindo leso kumele kube ngesiqondileyo kumbe silingane laleso esigcinwa ethabanikeli. Kukhanya angathi kwakulesisindo esasigcinwa esigodlweni kumbe ishekheli yesikhosini. Ishekheli le yayitshiyene leshekheli ejayelekileyo.—Eks 30:13.
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IShiyoli.
Leli libala lesiHebheru elitsho into yinye lelesiGrikhi elithi “iHayidesi” futhi lihunyutshwa ngokuthi “ingcwaba.” Litsho isimo abantu abafileyo abakuso njalo liveza ukuthi abenelisi ukwenza loba yini futhi abakwazi lutho.—Gen 37:35; Hu 16:10; Imis 2:31 (amabala angaphansi).
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Isi-Aramu.
Lolu lulimi olwaluhambelana lesiHebheru futhi indimi lezi zasisebenzisa i-alfabhethi eyodwa. Ekuqaliseni lwalukhulunywa ngabantu okuthiwa ngama-Aramu kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lwaselusetshenziswa kwezokuthengiselana embusweni we-Asiriya loweBhabhiloni. Kanti njalo lwalusetshenziswa nguhulumende embusweni wePhesiya. (Ezr 4:7) Ezinye ingxenye zebhuku lika-Ezra, loJeremiya loDanyeli zazibhalwe ngesi-Aramu.—Ezr 4:8–6:18; 7:12-26; Jer 10:11; Dan 2:4b–7:28.
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Isibambiso.
Le yimpahla umuntu olesikwelede ayeyipha lowo akwelede kuye ukuze amqinisekise ukuthi uzambhadala. EMthethweni kaMosi kwakulemilayo emayelana lezibambiso eyayivikela abayanga labanye esizweni ababengenelisi ukuzilwela.—Eks 22:26; Hez 18:7.
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Isibonakaliso.
Isibonakaliso kungaba yinto, isenzo, isimo kumbe isimanga esitshengisa okuthile kwangaleso sikhathi loba okwesikhathi esizayo.—Gen 9:12, 13; 2Am 20:9; Mat 24:3; Sam 1:1.
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ISidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa.
Lesi yisidlo lapho okudliwa khona isinkwa esingelamvubelo kunathwe lewayini futhi siyisikhumbuzo sokufa kukaJesu. Isinkwa simela umzimba kaKhristu, iwayini lona limela igazi lakhe. Njengoba iMibhalo isithi amaKhristu kumele ahlale ewenza umkhosi lo, kufanele sibili ukuthi ubizwe ngokuthi “yiSikhumbuzo.”—1Kr 11:20, 23-26.
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Isiduku.
Lo ngumceciso owawufakwa phezu kwensika. Insika ezimbili ezazibizwa ngokuthi nguJakhini loBhowazi ezaziphambi kwethempeli likaSolomoni zazileziduku ezinkulu. (1Am 7:16)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B8.
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Isifebe/Iwule.
Isifebe ngumuntu oya emacansini lomuntu angatshadanga laye ikakhulu efuna imali. (Ibala lesiGrikhi elihunyutshwa Dut 23:17, 18; 1Am 14:24) EBhayibhilini ibala leli lingatsho abantu, lezizwe kanye lezinhlanganiso ezikhonza izithombe ngapha zisithi zikhonza uNkulunkulu. Ngokwesibonelo kuSambulo “iBhabhiloni Enkulu,” okutsho zonke inkolo zamanga, ichazwa ngokuthi iyisifebe ngoba izimanyanisa lababusi bomhlaba lo ukuze ithole amandla kanye lemali.—Sam 17:1-5; 18:3; 1Imi 5:25.ngokuthi “isifebe” ngelithi porʹne, futhi lithethwe ebaleni elitsho “ukuthengisa.”) Ibala leli lisetshenziswa kakhulu nxa kutshiwo umuntu wesifazana lanxa eBhayibhilini kukhulunywa langamawule esilisa. Ubufebe babungavunyelwa eMthethweni kaMosi njalo imali ebhadalwe iwule yayingamukelwa ukuthi ibe ngumnikelo endaweni engcwele kaJehova, lanxa izizwe ezazikhonza onkulunkulu bamanga zazisebenzisa amawule ethempelini ukuthi zithole imali. (
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Isifo.
Lo ngumkhuhlane omemethekayo ubambe abantu ngasikhathi sinye futhi uyabulala. Izikhathi ezinengi okukhulunywa ngawo eBhayibhilini wawuyabe uyisijeziso esivela kuNkulunkulu.—Nan 14:12; Hez 38:22, 23; Amo 4:10.
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Isifungo.
Isifungo ngamazwi aqinisekisa ukuthi into ekhulunyiweyo iliqiniso kumbe yisithembiso esenziwa ngumuntu esokuthi uzakwenza enye into loba kasoze ayenze. Izikhathi ezinengi isifungo yisithembiso esenziwa emuntwini olesikhundla esiphezulu, ikakhulu uNkulunkulu. UJehova waqinisa isivumelwano sakhe lo-Abrahama ngokwenza isifungo.—Gen 14:22; Heb 6:16, 17.
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Isifungo.
Lesi yisithembiso esiqotho umuntu asenza kuNkulunkulu, emthembisa ukuthi uzakwenza okuthile kumbe ukuthi uzanikela loba amuphe isipho, kumbe ukuthi uzakwenza umsebenzi wenkonzo, loba ukuthi uzayekela ukwenza ezinye izinto lanxa eyabe engephulanga mthetho nxa engazenza.—Eks 28:30; Neh 7:65.
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Isigodo sokuhlutshwa.
Leli libala elihunyutshwe kwelesiGrikhi elithi stau·rosʹ, elitsho ugodo olukhulu oluqonde nta, olunjengalolo uJesu abethelwa kulo. Akulabufakazi bokuthi ibala leli lesiGrikhi lalisitsho isiphambano esinjengaleso esasisetshenziswa ngabahedeni okweminyaka eminengi uJesu engakabuyi emhlabeni futhi esasiluphawu lwabo lwezokukhonza. Njengoba uJesu laye wasebenzisa ibala elithi stau·rosʹ ukuze atshengise ukuthi abalandeli bakhe babezahlutshwa, bathwale nzima futhi behlelwe lihlazo, ibala elithi ‘isigodo sokuhlutshwa’ likuveza kuhle kakhulu okutshiwo libala lesiGrikhi. (Mat 16:24; Heb 12:2)—Khangela elithi ISIGODO.
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Isigodo.
Lolu lugodo olukhulu oluqondileyo okwakubethelwa kulo umuntu. Lwalusetshenziswa ngezinye izizwe nxa zibulala umuntu kumbe zifuna ukuthi isidumbu sakhe sibonakale ebantwini ukuze kube yisixwayiso kubo loba kube lihlazo emphakathini. Ama-Asiriya ayesaziwa ngesihluku ayelaso empini. Ayethatha abathunjiweyo abahlome izigodo ezinkulu ezicijileyo, zidlule esiswini zize ziyefika ngaphakathi esifubeni, abesebalengisa. Kodwa emthethweni wamaJuda ababelamacala amakhulu njengokuthuka uNkulunkulu kumbe ukukhonza izithombe babeqala babulawe ngokukhandwa ngamatshe kumbe ngenye indlela, izidumbu zabo besezilengiswa ezigodweni loba ezihlahleni ukuze kuxwayiswe abanye. (Dut 21:22, 23; 2Sa 21:6, 9) AmaRoma wona kwezinye izikhathi ayebophela umuntu esigodweni ephila. Umuntu lo wayengahlala okwamalangana aze afe ngenxa yobuhlungu, lokoma, lendlala kanye lokutshiswa lilanga. Kwezinye izikhathi ayebethela izandla lenyawo zomuntu okwakuthiwa ulecala esigodweni. Lokho yikho akwenza kuJesu. (Luk 24:20; Joh 19:14-16; 20:25; Imis 2:23, 36)—Khangela elithi ISIGODO SOKUHLUTSHWA.
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IsiGrikhi; UmGrikhi.
IsiGrikhi lulimi olukhulunywa ngabantu baseGrisi, njalo ibala elithi umGrikhi lingatsho umuntu owazalelwa eGrisi kumbe olabakibo abadabuka khona. EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, ibala elithi amaGrikhi litsho abantu bonke ababengayisiwo maJuda kumbe ababesebenzisa ulimi lwesiGrikhi futhi belandela lamasiko akhona.—Jow 3:6; Joh 12:20.
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Isihlahla sokuphila.
Lesi yisihlahla esasisensimini ye-Edeni. IBhayibhili kalitsho ukuthi izithelo zesihlahla lesi zazilokuthile okunika ukuphila, kodwa sasimela isiqinisekiso sikaNkulunkulu sokuthi labo ayezabavumela ukuthi badle izithelo zaso babezathola ukuphila okungapheliyo.—Gen 2:9; 3:22.
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Isihlahla sokwazi okuhle lokubi.
Lesi yisihlahla esasisensimini ye-Edeni esasetshenziswa nguNkulunkulu ukuthi sibe luphawu olumela ilungelo lakhe lokukhethela abantu ukuthi kuyini “okuhle lokubi.”—Gen 2:9, 17.
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Isihlalo sokwahlulela.
Isihlalo lesi sasijayele ukuba yindawo ephandle ephakemeyo eyayilamasitephisi. Iziphathamandla zazihlala lapho besezikhuluma lamaxuku abantu kumbe zibatshele izinqumo zazo. ‘Isihlalo sikaNkulunkulu sokwahlulela’ kanye ‘lesihlalo sokwahlulela sikaKhristu’ simela uhlelo lukaJehova lokwahlulela abantu bonke.—Rom 14:10; 2Kr 5:10; Joh 19:13.
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Isihotsha.
Le yindawo eyisigodi kumbe lapho okuqalisela khona isifudlana. Izikhathi ezinengi isihotsha siyabe singelamanzi ngaphandle kwangesikhathi sezulu. Kwezinye izikhathi ibala lesiHebheru elihunyutshwa ngokuthi isihotsha litsho isifudlana futhi ezinye izifudlana lezo zazisiba lamanzi ayeziphumela wodwa phansi, okutsho ukuthi zazigeleza kokuphela. Kwamanye amavesi isihotsha kuthiwa ‘yisigodi.’—Gen 26:19; Nan 34:5; Dut 8:7; 1Am 18:5; Job 6:15.
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Isikhamelo sewayini.
Isikhamelo sewayini sasijayele ukuba ngamagodi amabili agujwe elitsheni okuthiwa yi-limestone. Elinye igodi lalitshona kulelinye, ehlanganiswa ngokungumgelo okuncane. Kwakusithi nxa amagilebisi evoxwa egodini elingatshoniyo umhluzi wawo ugelezele egodini elitshonayo. Kwezinye indawo ibala leli limela isahlulelo sikaNkulunkulu.—Isy 5:2; Sam 19:15.
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Isikhulu sikahulumende.
Lezi kwakuyiziphathamandla ezazilezikhundla ezingaphansi kwezabondunankulu kuhulumende weBhabhiloni. Izikhulu lezi okukhulunywa ngazo eBhayibhilini yizo ezazikhangela amadoda ahlakaniphileyo esigodlweni seBhabhiloni. Izikhulu zikahulumende kuyakhulunywa ngazo langesikhathi sekubusa uDariyu umMede.—Dan 2:48; 6:7.
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Isikhwama sesifubeni.
Lesi yisikhwama esasilamatshe aligugu esasigqokwa ngumphristi omkhulu nxa wayesiyangena eNdaweni Engcwele. Sasibizwa ngokuthi ‘yisikhwama sesifuba esisetshenziswa ukwahlulela’ ngoba sasile-Urimi leThumimi okwakusetshenziswa ukudinga izahlulelo zikaJehova.—Eks 28:15-30.—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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Isinagogi.
Ibala leli litsho “ukubuthanisa” loba “umhlangano,” kodwa emibhalweni eminengi litsho isakhiwo kumbe indawo lapho amaJuda ayehlangana khona ukuze abale iMibhalo, afundiswe, atshumayele futhi athandaze. Ngesikhathi sikaJesu, wonke amadolobho amakhudlwana ako-Israyeli ayelesinagogi, njalo amadolobho amakhulu wona ayelamabili kusiya phezulu.—Luk 4:16; Imis 13:14, 15.
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Isinkwa esingelamvubelo.
Lesi yisinkwa esiphekwa singafakwanga umkhukhumezo.—Dut 16:3; Mak 14:12; 1Kr 5:8.
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Isipelithi.
Lo ngumhlobo wengqoloyi ongelahlonzi okuthiwa yi-Triticum spelta. Kwakunzima ukwehlukanisa ingqoloyi le lamakhoba.—Eks 9:32.
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Isiphambeko.
Umuntu owenza isiphambeko uyabe esephula umthetho. EBhayibhilini ibala leli lihambelana lelithi ‘isono.’—Jos 24:19; Hu 51:3; Rom 5:14.
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Isiphetho somumo wezinto.
Isiphetho somumo wezinto sisesikhathini sinye lokuba khona kukaKhristu. Sizaqhubeka kuze kufike ukucina komumo lo wezinto obuswa nguSathane. Izingilosi zizakhokhelwa nguJesu ‘zehlukanise ababi kwabalungileyo,’ besezibabhubhisa. (Mat 13:40-42, 49) Abafundi bakaJesu babefisa ukwazi ukuthi ‘isiphetho’ lesi sizafika nini. (Mat 24:3) UJesu engakabuyeli ezulwini wathembisa abalandeli bakhe ukuthi wayezakuba labo kuze kube yilesosikhathi.—Mat 28:20.
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Isiphrofetho.
Isiphrofetho lilizwi eliphefumulelweyo. Singaba yikwembulwa kwentando kaNkulunkulu loba ukumenyezelwa kwayo, futhi singaphinda sibe ngamazwi aphefumulelweyo afundisa abantu indlela yokuphila, loba umlayo kumbe isahlulelo esivela kuNkulunkulu kumbe ukumenyezelwa kwento ethile ezakwenzakala.—Hez 37:9, 10; Dan 9:24; Mat 13:14; 2Pe 1:20, 21.
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ISiriya; AmaSiriya.
—Khangela elithi U-ARAMU; AMA-ARAMU.
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Isistramu.
Leli lichacho elalisetshenziswa kudala elalikhala angathi yikhetshekhetshe. Lalenziwe ngensimbi egotshisiweyo yaba njengesigombolozi yafakwa lesibambo.—2Sa 6:5.
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Isithando somlilo.
Leli kwakuliziko lokuncibilikisa insimbi. Kwakuphinda kutshiswe izitsha zomdaka lezinye ezenziwe ngamatshe. Ngesikhathi iBhayibhili elabhalwa ngaso izithando zazisakhiwa ngezitina kumbe ngamatshe.—Gen 15:17; Dan 3:17; Sam 9:2.
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ISithisi.
Le kwakuyindawo elamanzi angatshoniyo eyayikhokhelela elwandle futhi yayisekhunjini lweLibya, eNyakatho Africa. Abatshayeli bemikhumbi bakudala babeyesaba ngoba yayilamadundulu etshebetshebe ayingozi ayehlala etshintshatshintsha ngenxa yokubohla lokukhwela kwamanzi. (Imis 27:17)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B13.
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Isithombe; Ukukhonza izithombe.
Isithombe ngumfanekiso loba ulutho olumela okuthile okungabe kukhona kumbe kungekho njalo lokho kungabe kusetshenziswa ngabantu nxa bekhonza. Ukukhonza izithombe yikuzikhothamela, ukuzithanda kanye lokuziqakathekisa.—Hu 115:4; Imis 17:16; 1Kr 10:14.
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Isivalo sebhokisi.
Lesi kwakuyisivalo sebhokisi lesivumelwano umphristi omkhulu ayefika achele kuso igazi leminikelo yesono ngeLanga Lokuhlawulela. NgesiHebheru ibala leli lithethwe ebaleni eliyisenzo elitsho ukuthi “ukusibekela (isono)” loba “ukwesula (isono).” Isivalo lesi sasenziwe ngegolide lodwa futhi sasilamakherubhi amabili, elinye likwelinye icele, lelinye likwelinye icele. (Eks 25:17-22; 1Imi 28:11; Heb 9:5)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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Isivumelwano.
Lapha kutshiwo isivumelwano phakathi kukaNkulunkulu labantu kumbe phakathi kwabantu abathembisana ukuthi bazakwenza okuthile. Kanti njalo abantu bangathembisana ukuthi abasoze benze into ethile. Kwezinye izikhathi ngoyedwa kuphela okwakumele enze okwakuvunyelwene loba ayekuthembisile. Kwezinye izikhathi bonke ababesesivumelwaneni kukhona okwakumele bakwenze. IBhayibhili likhuluma ngezivumelwano ezazisenziwa nguNkulunkulu labantu, lezivumelwano ezazisenziwa ngabantu, lezizwana, lezizwe kanye lamaqembu. Ezinye izivumelwano eziqakathekileyo okukhulunywa ngazo yisivumelwano uNkulunkulu asenza lo-Abrahama, lasenza loDavida, laleso asenza lesizwe sako-Israyeli (isivumelwano soMthetho) kanye lasenza lo-Israyeli kaNkulunkulu (isivumelwano esitsha).—Gen 9:11; 15:18; 21:27; Eks 24:7; 2Imi 21:7.
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Itende lokuhlangana.
Le yindlela okwakubizwa ngayo itende likaMosi kanye lethabanikeli elingcwele elaqala ukusetshenziswa enkangala.—Eks 33:7; 39:32.
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Ithabanikeli.
Leli litende elalisetshenziswa ngama-Israyeli ekukhonzeni esephume eGibhithe futhi ayehamba lalo kuzo zonke indawo ababehlala kuzo. Yikho okwakubekwe khona ibhokisi lesivumelwano sikaJehova elalitshengisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukuleyondawo. Ama-Israyeli ayekhonzela lapho njalo esenzela kulo imihlatshelo. Kwezinye izikhathi libizwa ngokuthi ‘litende lokuhlangana.’ Ithabanikeli leli lalisenziwa ngokumisa izigodo besekufakwa amalembu elineni phezu kwazo futhi amalembu la ayethungelwe imiceciso yamakherubhi. Lalehlukaniswe laba zingxenye ezimbili, eyokuqala yayibizwa ngokuthi yiNdawo Engcwele, eyesibili ibizwa ngokuthi yiNgcwelengcwele. (Jos 18:1; Eks 25:9)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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Ithalenta.
Ithalenta laliyisilinganiso sesisindo esikhulu kulazo zonke ezazisetshenziswa ngamaHebheru futhi laliyimali enengi. Lalingamakhilogremu angu-34,2. ElamaGrikhi lona lalilincane kulalelo, lingaba ngamakhilogremu angu-20,4. (1Imi 22:14; Mat 18:24)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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IThatharasi.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, iThatharasi itsho isimo eseyisekayo esifanana lejele, okwafakwa kuso izingilosi ezazingalaleli ngesikhathi sikaNowa. Ibala eliyisenzo elisetshenziswe ku-2 Phetro 2:4 elithi tar·ta·roʹo (“ukuphoselwa eThatharasi”) kalitsho ukuthi “izingilosi ezonayo” zaphoselwa eThatharasi yabahedeni, leyo abathi yindawo ephansi emnyama futhi eyijele yabonkulunkulu abangaqakathekanga. Kodwa litsho ukuthi uNkulunkulu wasusa izingilosi lezo endaweni yazo yasezulwini wazithathela izibusiso zazo, wasezifaka esimeni sokungazi loba yini ephathelane lezinjongo zikaNkulunkulu ezinhle, kwaba angathi zisemnyameni. Isiphetho sazo yibumnyama njalo iMibhalo itshengisa ukuthi ubumnyama lobu yikubhujiswa kwazo kwaphakade zilombusi wazo uSathane uDeveli. Ngakho iThatharasi itsho isimo eseyisekayo izingilosi lezo ezahlamukayo ezehliselwa kuso. Kayisiyo ‘umgodi ongelamkhawulo’ okukhulunywa ngawo kuSambulo 20:1-3.
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Ithempeli.
Lesi yisakhiwo esasiseJerusalema okwakukhonzela kuso ama-Israyeli njalo sathatha indawo yethabanikeli. Ithempeli lokuqala lakhiwa nguSolomoni futhi ladilizwa ngabaseBhabhiloni. Elesibili lakhiwa nguZerubhabheli ama-Israyeli esephendukile ekuthunjweni ngabaseBhabhiloni. Ngemva kwesikhathi lakhiwa kutsha nguHerodi Omkhulu. EMibhalweni eminengi ithempeli libizwa ngokuthi ‘yindlu kaJehova.’ (Ezr 1:3; 6:14, 15; 1Imi 29:1; 2Imi 2:4; Mat 24:1)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B8 lo-B11.
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Ithuna eliyisikhumbuzo.
Le yindawo yokungcwaba, lapho okwakubekwa khona umuntu ofileyo. Ibala leli lihunyutshwe kwelesiGrikhi elithi mne·meiʹon, elithethwe ebaleni eliyisenzo elithi “ukukhumbuza.” Lokhu kutshengisa ukuthi ofileyo uyakhunjulwa.—Joh 5:28, 29, amabala angaphansi.
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ITopiya.
Lesi yisizwe sakudala esasiseningizimu yeGibhithe. Ilizwe lesizwe lesi laligoqela iningizimu yelizwe leGibhithe yalamuhla lenyakatho yelizwe leSudan. Kwezinye izikhathi ibala leli lisetshenziswa ukuhumutsha ibala lesiHebheru elithi ‘Khushi.’—Est 1:1.
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I-Urimi leThumimi.
Lezi yizinto ezazisetshenziswa ngumphristi omkhulu futhi zazisebenza njengenkatho. Zazinceda ukwazi intando kaNkulunkulu nxa kube lemibuzo eqakathekileyo esizweni eyayifuna impendulo evela kuJehova. I-Urimi leThumimi yayifakwa esikhwameni sesifubeni somphristi omkhulu nxa engena ethabanikeli. Kukhanya angathi ngemva kokubhujiswa kweJerusalema ngabaseBhabhiloni i-Urimi leThumimi ayizange iphinde isetshenziswe.—Eks 28:30; Neh 7:65.
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Ivurandi okwakuthiwa ngelikaSolomoni.
Leli kwakulivurandi elalisethempelini elalisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sikaJesu. Lalisempumalanga yeguma langaphandle lethempeli futhi abanengi babekholwa ukuthi lasala ngesikhathi kudilizwa ithempeli likaSolomoni. Abantu babejayele ukuhamba kulo. Ngokwesibonelo, uJesu wake wahamba kulo ‘ngesikhathi somqando’ futhi amaKhristu okuqala ayehlangana khona ukuze akhonze. (Joh 10:22, 23; Imis 5:12)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B11.
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Izibulo.
Kutshiwo ikakhulu indodana yokuqala kuyise hatshi kunina. Endulo indodana elizibulo yayilesikhundla esihloniphekayo emulini njalo yayisiba yinhloko nxa uyise esefile. Ibala leli liphinda lisetshenziswe nxa kukhulunywa ngomntwana wesifuyo wokuqala omduna.—Eks 11:5; 13:12; Gen 25:33; Kol 1:15.
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Izigqoko zempi.
Izigqoko zokuzivikela ezigqokwa ngamasotsha ezigoqela, ingwane, lebhatshi lensimbi, lebhanti, lehawu lokokuzivikela okufakwa embaleni.—1Sa 31:9; Efe 6:13-17.
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Izikhumba.
Lezi yizikhumba zezimvu kumbe ezembuzi loba ezamathole ezazilungiswa besekubhalelwa kuzo. Zaziqinile ukwedlula iphepha elalisenziwa ngalesosikhathi njalo kwakusenziwa ngazo izincwadimgoqwa zeBhayibhili. Kungenzeka ukuthi izikhumba uPhawuli acela ukuthi uThimothi abuye lazo zazingeminye iMibhalo yesiHebheru. Ezinye incwadimgoqwa ezatholakala eLwandle Lwesawudo zazingezesikhumba.—2Thi 4:13.
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Izimangaliso; Imisebenzi yamandla.
Lezi yizenzo ezingajayelekanga futhi ezingayisizo zemvelo, ezingeke zenziwe ngamandla abantu. Kwezinye izikhathi iBhayibhili lisebenzisa ibala elithi “isibonakaliso” kumbe elithi “isimanga” nxa likhuluma ngezimangaliso loba ngemisebenzi yamandla.—Eks 4:21; Imis 4:22; Heb 2:4.
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Izinciji.
Lezi yizigodo ezinde ezilensimbi ezicijileyo phambili ezazisetshenziswa ngabalimi ukuthinta izifuyo. Izinciji zifaniswa lamazwi omuntu ohlakaniphileyo enza ukuthi olaleleyo alandele iseluleko esilokuhlakanipha. ‘Ukukhahlela izinciji’ kuthathelwa esenzweni senkunzi elenkani ekhahlela izinciji isala ukunqandwa, icine isizilimazile.—Imis 26:14; Aba 3:31.
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Izindaba ezinhle.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, lezi zindaba ezinhle zoMbuso kaNkulunkulu lezokusindiswa kwabantu abalokholo kuJesu Khristu.—Luk 4:18, 43; Imis 5:42; Sam 14:6.
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Izingilosi.
Ibala leli livela kwelesiHebheru elithi mal·ʼakhʹ lakwelesiGrikhi elithi agʹge·los. Nxa amabala la ethethwe enjengoba Gen 16:7; 32:3; Jak 2:25; Sam 22:8) Izingilosi yizidalwa zomoya zasezulwini ezilamandla njalo zadalwa nguNkulunkulu kusasele isikhathi eside ukuthi adale abantu. EBhayibhilini zibizwa langokuthi ‘ngamadodana kaNkulunkulu’ langokuthi ‘yizinkanyezi zokusa.’ (Job 1:6; 38:7) Zonke zadalwa futhi kazizalani. Inani lazo ledlula 100 miliyoni. (Dan 7:10) IBhayibhili litshengisa ukuthi ingilosi ngayinye ilebizo layo lobuntu bayo yodwa. Kodwa zithobekile, azivumi ukukhonzwa njalo ezinengi kaziwatsho amabizo azo. (Gen 32:29; Luk 1:26; Sam 22:8, 9) Zilezigaba ezitshiyeneyo futhi ziphiwa imisebenzi etshiyeneyo egoqela ukukhonza phambi kwesihlalo sobukhosi sikaJehova, ukuhambisa imibiko yakhe, ukuncedisa izinceku zakhe ezisemhlabeni, ukukhipha izahlulelo zakhe lokusekela umsebenzi wokutshumayela izindaba ezinhle. (2Am 19:35; Hu 34:7; Mat 4:11; Luk 1:30, 31; Sam 5:11; 14:6) Esikhathini esizayo zizancedisa uJesu nxa esesilwa empini ye-Amagedoni.—Sam 19:14, 15.enjalo atsho “isithunywa,” kodwa nxa kukhulunywa ngezithunywa zasezulwini ahunyutshwa ngokuthi ‘yizingilosi.’ (
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Izinjulangqondo ezingama-Ephikhuri.
Laba kwakungabalandeli benjulangqondo engumGrikhi u-Ephikhuri eyaphila ngo-341 kusiya ku-270 B.C.E. Izinto ababezikholwa zazisekelwe emfundisweni yokuthi umuntu kufanele aphilele ukuzijabulisa kuphela.—Imis 17:18.
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Izinjulangqondo ezingamaStoyikhi.
Lezi kwakuyizazi ezingamaGrikhi ezazikholwa ukuthi injabulo itholakala ngokuphila ulandela imicabango ethile kanye lemvelo. Zazisithi umuntu olokuhlakanipha kweqiniso katshintshwa yibuhlungu loba yikukholisa.—Imis 17:18.
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Izinkwa zokubukiswa.
Lezi yizinkwa ezingu-12 ezazibekwa etafuleni eyayiseNdaweni Engcwele yethabanikeli kanye leyethempeli. Zazigadaniswa kuhle zibe zinqwaba ezimbili, ngayinye ilezinkwa eziyisithupha. Umnikelo lo owawusiya kuNkulunkulu wawutshintshwa iSabatha ngalinye, kufakwe ezinye izinkwa ezazisanda kuphekwa. Izinkwa ezazikhitshwa zazijayele ukudliwa ngabaphristi kuphela. (2Imi 2:4; Mat 12:4; Eks 25:30; Lev 24:5-9; Heb 9:2)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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Izintaba zaseLebhanoni.
Leli libizo lezinye izintaba eziselizweni leLebhanoni. Intaba zeLebhanoni zisentshonalanga njalo empumalanga kulentaba ze-Amana. Intaba lezi zehlukaniswe yisigodi esikhulu futhi esivundileyo. Intaba zeLebhanoni ziqalisela eduze koLwandle lweMedithera futhi iziqongo zazo zinde okwamamitha angaba phakathi kwe-1 800 le-2 100. Endulo iLebhanoni yayigcwele izihlahla zemisedari ezinkulu njalo izizwe ezingomakhelwane zazizifuna kakhulu izihlahla lezi. (Dut 1:7; Hu 29:6; 92:12)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B7.
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Izipho zesihawu.
Lezi kwakuyizipho ezazinikelwa ukuze kuncedwe umuntu oswelayo. Akulavesi eMibhalweni yesiHebheru ekhuluma ngazo, kodwa uMthetho wawulemilayo ecacileyo yokuthi ama-Israyeli alomlandu wokuncedisa abayanga.—Mat 6:2, amabala angaphansi.
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Izithelo zokuqala.
Lezi kwakuyizithelo ezazivuthwa kuqala, kwakungokokuqala kwaloba yini. UJehova wayefuna isizwe sako-Israyeli sinikele kuye konke okokuqala, kungaba ngumuntu, inyamazana kumbe okulinyiweyo. Isizwe sako-Israyeli sasinikela kuNkulunkulu izithelo zokuqala eMkhosini Wesinkwa Esingelamvubelo langePhentekhosti. Kwamanye amavesi amabala athi ‘izithelo zokuqala’ atsho uKhristu labalandeli bakhe abagcotshiweyo.—Eks 11:5; 13:12; Gen 25:33; Kol 1:15.
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Izithombe zika-Ashera.
Ibala lesiHebheru elithi ʼashe·rahʹ litsho (1) insika ezazikhonzwa ezazimela u-Ashera, unkulunkulukazi wamaKhenani owayengowenzalo, kumbe (2) isithombe sikankulunkulukazi u-Ashera ngokwakhe. Kukhanya insika lezi zazime zaqonda futhi zazenziwe ngezigodo lokunye. Kungenzakala ukuthi lezi kwakuyizigodo ezingabazwanga kumbe izihlahla ngokwazo.—Dut 16:21; Aba 6:26; 1Am 15:13.
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IZiyoni; Intaba iZiyoni.
Leli kwakulibizo ledolobho elaliyinqaba okwakuthiwa yiJebusi. LalingelamaJebusi futhi lalisoqaqeni oluseningizimu mpumalanga kweJerusalema. UDavida wathi eselinqobile wakha isigodlo sakhe kulo, laqalisa ukubizwa ngokuthi “lidolobho likaDavida.” (2Sa 5:7, 9) IZiyoni yaba yintaba engcwele kakhulu kuJehova ngemva kokuba uDavida ehambise ibhokisi lesivumelwano kuyo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ibizo leli laselisitsho lendawo eyayisentabeni iMoriya lapho okwakulethempeli khona njalo ngezinye izikhathi lalisitsho lonke nje idolobho laseJerusalema. Kwamanye amavesi eMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi ibizo leli limela okuthile.—Hu 2:6; 1Pe 2:6; Sam 14:1.
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Jeduthuni.
Leli libala elitholakala esethulweni seHubo 39, 62, lo-77 kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi litshoni. Kukhanya izethulo lezi zazitshengisa indlela ihubo okumele lihlatshelwe ngayo, mhlawumbe ziveza itshuni kumbe ichacho okumele lisetshenziswe. Kwakulomhlabeleli ongumLevi okuthiwa nguJeduthuni, ngakho kumele ukuthi ibizo lendlela le yokuhlabela kumbe ichacho lakhona kwakuvela ebizweni lakhe kumbe emadodaneni akhe.
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Khisilevu.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesi-9 kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakulibizo lenyanga yesithathu kukhalenda yokulima. Inyanga le yayiqalisela phakathi kukaNovember iyephela phakathi kukaDecember.(Neh 1:1; Zak 7:1)— Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Mahalathi.
Leli libala lezokuhlabela elisetshenziswe esethulweni seHubo isahluko 53 lo-88. Lingabe lihambelana lebala lesiHebheru elitsho “ukuba buthakathaka” kumbe “ukugula.” Lokhu kutshengisa ukuthi ingoma lezo zazingezokudana futhi kuhambelana lokutshiwo ngamaHubo la.
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Maskili.
Leli libala lesiHebheru elitholakala ezethulweni zamaHubo angu-13 kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi litshoni. Lingabe lisitsho ukuthi “inkondlo yokucabangisisa.” Abanye bathi lingabe lilengcazelo efanana leyebala eliphosa lifanane lalo elihunyutshwe ngokuthi ‘ukuqedisisa enkonzweni.’—2Imi 30:22; Hu 32:0.
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Mikhithamu.
Leli libala lesiHebheru elitholakala ezethulweni zamaHubo ayisithupha (Hu 16, 56-60). Akwaziwa ukuthi litshoni kodwa lingabe lihambelana lebala elithi “okubhalwe elitsheni.”
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Molokhi.
—Khangela UMOLEKHI.
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Muthilabheni.
Ibala leli litholakala esethulweni seHubo 9. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi litsho ukuthi “mayelana lokufa kwendodana.” Abanye bathi leli kwakulibizo lomculo owawujayelekile kumbe amazwi okwethula lowomculo owawutshaywa nxa sekuhlatshelwa ihubo leli.
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Nehilothi.
Ibala leli litholakala esethulweni seHubo 5 kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi litshoni. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi litsho ichacho elitshaywa ngokuvuthelwa lokuthi lingabe lilibala lesiHebheru elihambelana lelithi cha·lilʹ, elitsho ukuthi ifluthi. Kodwa lingabe lisitsho umculo.
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Nisani.
Leli libizo lenyanga ka-Abhibhi elaqala ukusetshenziswa ngamaJuda esephendukile eBhabhiloni. UNisani kwakuyinyanga yokuqala kukhalenda yawo engcwele futhi kwakuyinyanga yesikhombisa kukhalenda yokulima. Yayiqalisela phakathi kukaMarch iyephela phakathi kuka-April. (Neh 2:1)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Okhululekileyo; Okhululiweyo.
Ngesikhathi kubusa amaRoma, umuntu “okhululekileyo” ngulowo owayezalwa elamalungelo wonke esizalwane saseRoma. Kodwa “okhululiweyo” kwakungulowo owayekhululwe ebugqilini. Ukukhululwa okusemthethweni kwakusenza aphiwe ilungelo lokuba yisizalwane saseRoma, kodwa wayengeke athole isikhundla kwezombusazwe. Besekusithi lowo owayephongukhululwa nje ebugqilini wayengatholi wonke amalungelo esizalwane saseRoma.—1Kr 7:22.
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Okungcolileyo.
Ibala leli lingatsho ukungcola emzimbeni kumbe okokwephula imithetho yokuziphatha. Kodwa izikhathi ezinengi eBhayibhilini ibala leli litsho lokho okungamukelekiyo kumbe okungahlambulukanga ngokoMthetho kaMosi. (Lev 5:2; 13:45; Imis 10:14; Efe 5:5)—Khangela elithi UKUHLANZEKA; UKUHLAMBULUKA.
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Okwetshumi.
Le kwakuyingxenye eyodwa kwezilitshumi kumbe amaphesenti alitshumi ayebhadalwa kumbe enikelwa, ikakhulu ukuze aphathise ezintweni eziphathelane lokukhonza. (Mal 3:10; Dut 26:12; Mat 23:23) EMthethweni kaMosi kwakukhitshwa okwetshumi kwalokho okuvuniweyo njalo nxa izifuyo zomuntu zingengezeleleka, wayekhipha okwetshumi kwenani elengezelelweyo, besekuphiwa amaLevi umnyaka ngamunye ukuze athole okokuziphilisa. AmaLevi wona ayekhipha okwetshumi phakathi kokwetshumi ayabe ekutholile, akunike abaphristi bosendo luka-Aroni ukuze bathole okokuziphilisa. Kulokunye futhi okwetshumi okwakumele kukhitshwe. Kodwa khathesi akusengumthetho ukuthi amaKhristu akhiphe okwetshumi.
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Omantshi.
Embusweni weBhabhiloni omantshi babeyiziphathamandla zezabelo ababekuzo. Babewazi umthetho futhi babephiwe amandla okwahlulela kwezinye indaba. Ezindaweni ezazibuswa yiRoma, omantshi babeyiziphathamandla zikahulumende. Imisebenzi yabo yayigoqela ukuba leqiniso lokuthi kuhlala kulokuthula njalo babekhangela izimali zikahulumende futhi besahlulela izephulamthetho, batsho lokuthi kufanele zijeziswe njani.—Dan 3:2; Imis 16:20.
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Omubi.
Le yindlela uSathane uDeveli abizwa ngayo, lowo ophikisana loNkulunkulu lezindlela zakhe ezilungileyo—Mat 6:13; 1Jo 5:19, amabala angaphansi.
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Porneia.
—Khangela elithi UBUFEBE.
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Rahabi.
KuJobe lakumaHubo laku-Isaya ukuthi Rahabi kumela okuthile. Kuyabe kungatshiwo uRahabi okukhulunywa ngaye kuJoshuwa. Amavesi akuJobe atshengisa ukuthi uRahabi okukhulunywa ngaye lapho yisilo esikhulu esihlala olwandle njalo kwamanye amavesi isilo lesi siyabe simela iGibhithe.—Job 9:13; Hu 87:4; Isy 30:7; 51:9, 10.
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Sela.
Leli libala lezokuhlabela elitholakala kumaHubo lakuHabakhukhi. Lingabe lisitsho ukuthi abahlabelayo kumbe abatshaya iziginci kumele bame kancane ukuze abantu bacabangisise. Kuyabe kusenzelwa lokuthi okusanda kuhlatshelwa kungene kujule ezingqondweni zabo. Ku-Septuagint yesiGrikhi lihumutshwe ngokuthi di·aʹpsal·ma, okutsho ukuthi “ukuma komculo.”—Hu 3:4; Hab 3:3.
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Shebhathi.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesi-11 kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakuyinyanga yesihlanu kukhalenda yokulima. Yayiqalisela phakathi kukaJanuary iyephela phakathi kukaFebruary. (Zak 1:7)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Sheminithi.
Leli libala elisetshenziswa kwezokuhlabela elitsho ukuthi “okwesi-8,” okungabe kusitsho ukuthi amanothi akhona aphansi. Nxa kukhulunywa ngamachacho, lalingabe lisitsho amachacho asetshenziswa ukutshaya ibhesi. Ezingomeni kungenzeka lalisitsho umculo okhalela phansi futhi ohlatshelwa ngelizwi eliphansi.—1Imi 15:21; Hu 6:0; 12:0.
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Sivani.
Leli libizo lenyanga yesithathu kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakuyinyanga yesi-9 kukhalenda yokulima. Yayiqalisela phakathi kukaMay iyephela phakathi kukaJune. (Est 8:9)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Thebhethi.
Leli libizo lenyanga yetshumi kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakuyinyanga yesine kukhalenda yokulima njalo yayiqalisela phakathi kukaDecember iyephela phakathi kukaJanuary. Ijayele ukubizwa ngokuthi “yinyanga yetshumi.” (Est 2:16)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Thishri.
—Khangela elithi ETHANIMI leSengezo ku-B15.
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U-Alfa lo-Omega.
U-Alfa libala lokuqala ku-alifabhethi yesiGrikhi, u-Omega ngelokucina. KuSambulo amabala la asetshenziswa kathathu endawonye njalo elibizo likaNkulunkulu lokuhlonipha elitsho ‘ukuqala lokucina’ kanye ‘lesiqalo lesiphetho.’—Sam 1:8; 21:6; 22:13.
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U-Aramu; Ama-Aramu.
Lezi kwakuyizizukulwane zika-Aramu indodana kaShemu ezazihlala ezabelweni ezazisezintabeni zeLebhanoni kusiya eMesophothamiya, lasezindaweni ezisentabeni zeThawurasi ngasenyakatho kusehla kusiya eDamaseko langaphetsheya eningizimu. Indawo le yayibizwa ngokuthi yi-Aramu ngesiHebheru kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yayisibizwa ngokuthi yiSiriya futhi abantu ababehlala kuyo kwakuthiwa ngamaSiriya.—Gen 25:20; Dut 26:5; Hos 12:12.
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U-Ashithorethi.
Ngunkulunkulukazi wamaKhenani owempi lowenzalo, umfazi kaBhali.—1Sa 7:3.
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Ubhabhathizo; Bhabhathiza.
Ibala leli eliyisenzo litsho “ukucwilisa” kumbe ukutshonisa ulutho ngaphansi kwamanzi. UJesu wathi abalandeli bakhe kumele babhabhathizwe. IMibhalo layo ikhuluma ngobhabhathizo lukaJohane, ngokubhabhathizwa ngomoya ongcwele langokubhabhathizwa ngomlilo, njalonjalo.—Mat 3:11, 16; 28:19; Joh 3:23; 1Pe 3:21.
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UBhali.
Leli libizo likankulunkulu wamaKhenani okwakuthiwa ngumnikazi wesibhakabhaka. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi unika abantu izulu futhi upha lenzalo. Ibizo elithi “Bhali” lalisetshenziswa nxa sekukhulunywa langabonkulunkulu abancane ababelapho. NgesiHebheru ibala leli litsho ukuthi “uMnikazi” loba “iNkosi.”—1Am 18:21; Rom 11:4.
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UBhelizebhubhi.
Leli libizo okubizwa ngalo uSathane, oyinduna kumbe umbusi wamadimoni. Kungenzeka ukuthi livela kwelithi Bhalizebhubhi, uBhali owayekhonzwa ngamaFilisti e-Ekhroni.—2Am 1:3; Mat 12:24.
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Ubude besandla.
Lesi yisilinganiso sobude esingalingana lokusuka kucikilicane kusiyafika esithupheni nxa isandla sivuliwe. Nxa kusetshenziswa ingalo engamasentimitha angu-44,5 ubude besandla babungaba ngamasentimitha angu-22,2. (Eks 28:16; 1Sa 17:4)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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UBufakazi.
Izikhathi ezinengi ibizo leli lisetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngeMithetho Elitshumi eyayibhalwe ezibhebhedwini zamatshe ezimbili ezaphiwa uMosi.—Eks 31:18.
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Ubufebe.
Ibala leli livela kwelesiGrikhi elithi por·neiʹa, elisetshenziswa eMibhalweni nxa kukhulunywa ngokunye ukuziphatha kubi okwephula imithetho kaNkulunkulu. Lokhu kugoqela ukuthengisa umzimba, ukuya emacansini kwabantu abangatshadanga, ubutabane, ukulala lenyamazana kanye lokuthi umuntu otshadileyo alale lomuntu ongasimkakhe. Liyasetshenziswa kuSambulo nxa kukhulunywa ngobufebe ‘beBhabhiloni Enkulu.’ Lapho kuyabe kuchasiswa indlela inkolo yamanga ezimanyanisa ngayo lababusi bomhlaba ukuze ithole amandla kanye lemali. (Sam 14:8; 17:2; 18:3; Mat 5:32; Imis 15:29; Gal 5:19)—Khangela elithi ISIFEBE.
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Ubulephero.
Lo ngumkhuhlane omubi ohlasela ijwabu. Ubulephero okukhulunywa ngabo eMibhalweni kabufanani xathu lobulephero balezinsuku ngoba bona babungahlaseli abantu kuphela kodwa babusiba khona lasezigqokweni kanye lasezindlini.—Lev 14:54, 55; Luk 5:12.
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Ubungcwele.
Ibala leli liveza ukuthi uJehova unjani futhi litsho ukuba msulwa kukho konke. (Eks 28:36; 1Sa 2:2; Zag 9:10; Isy 6:3) Ibala lesiHebheru elisetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngobungcwele babantu (Eks 19:6; 2Am 4:9), lobezinyamazana (Nan 18:17), lobezinto (Eks 28:38; 30:25; Lev 27:14), lobezindawo (Eks 3:5; Isy 27:13), lobezikhathi (Eks 16:23; Lev 25:12) kanye lobemisebenzi (Eks 36:4) litsho ukwehlukaniswa lokungcweliswa kolutho oluthile ukuze lube ngolukaNkulunkulu ongcwele, lube ngolunikelwe enkonzweni kaJehova. EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, ibala elithi “ngcwele” lelithi “ubungcwele” atsho into enikelwe kuNkulunkulu. Amabala la ayasetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngokuziphatha ngendlela emsulwa.—Mak 6:20; 2Kr 7:1; 1Pe 1:15, 16.
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UDagoni.
Lo kwakungunkulunkulu wamaFilisti. Akwaziwa ukuthi ibizo leli lavela ngaphi, kodwa ezinye izikhwicamfundo zithi lingabe lavela ebaleni lesiHebheru elithi dagh elitsho inhlanzi.—Aba 16:23; 1Sa 5:4.
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Udenariyu.
Le kwakuyimali yesiliva yaseRoma eyayingaba ngamagremu angu-3,85 njalo yayilomfanekiso kaKhesari kwelinye icele. Yayingumholo wesisebenzi welanga elilodwa futhi yiyo eyayingumthelo amaRoma ayesithi kumele ubhadalwe ngumJuda ngamunye. (Mat 22:17; Luk 20:24)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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UDeveli.
Leli libizo elichasisa uSathane eliseMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi. Litsho ukuthi “uMnyundeli.” USathane waphiwa ibizo elithi Develi ngoba nguye umnyundeli omkhulu futhi nguye okhokhelayo ekuqambeni amanga esola uJehova, lelizwi lakhe elihle kanye lebizo lakhe elingcwele.—Mat 4:1; Joh 8:44; Sam 12:9.
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U-Efrayimi.
Leli libizo lendodana kaJosefa yesibili njalo lacina selilibizo lesinye sezizwana zako-Israyeli. Umbuso wako-Israyeli wathi sewehlukene, isizwana sako-Efrayimi samela umbuso wezizwana ezilitshumi Gen 41:52; Jer 7:15.njengoba kwakuyiso isizwana esikhulu.—
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UFaro.
Leli libizo lokuhlonipha elaliphiwa amakhosi aseGibhithe. EBhayibhilini kulaboFaro abahlanu abaqanjwa ngamabizo (uShishakhi, loSo, loThirihaka, loNekho kanye loHofira). Kodwa abanye kabaqanjwa ngamabizo futhi abanye babo yilabo ababesazana lo-Abrahama loMosi kanye loJosefa.—Eks 15:4; Rom 9:17.
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UHemesi.
Lo kwakungunkulunkulu wamaGrikhi owayeyindodana kaZewusi. UPhawuli wathi eseListra abantu balapho bacabanga ukuthi unguHemesi, njengoba babesithi unkulunkulu lo uyisithunywa sabonkulunkulu futhi ungunkulunkulu wobugabazi ekukhulumeni.—Imis 14:12.
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UHerodi.
Lesi yisibongo semuli yamakhosi ayebusa amaJuda njalo amakhosi la ayebekwa ngamaRoma. UHerodi Omkhulu wayesaziwa ngokwakha kutsha ithempeli elaliseJerusalema langokulaya ukuthi kubulawe abantwana ezama ukubulala uJesu. (Mat 2:16; Luk 1:5) UHerodi Akhelawu loHerodi Antiphasi, ababengamadodana kaHerodi Omkhulu, babekwa ukuthi babuse izingxenye ezithile zombuso kayise. (Mat 2:22) U-Antiphasi wayengumthethirakhi owayejayele ukubizwa ngokuthi “nkosi.” Wabusa ngesikhathi uJesu esenza inkonzo yakhe okweminyaka emithathu kwaze kwafika isikhathi sezenzakalo ezibhalwe kumiSebenzi 12. (Mak 6:14-17; Luk 3:1, 19, 20; 13:31, 32; 23:6-15; Imis 4:27; 13:1) Ngemva kwalokho uHerodi Agripha Wokuqala, owayengumzukulu kaHerodi Omkhulu, wabulawa yingilosi kaNkulunkulu esebuse okwesikhathi esifitshane. (Imis 12:1-6, 18-23) Indodana yakhe, uHerodi Agripha Wesibili, yalandela yabusa kwaze kwaba yisikhathi amaJuda evukela iRoma.—Imis 23:35; 25:13, 22-27; 26:1, 2, 19-32.
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U-Israyeli.
Leli libizo uNkulunkulu alinika uJakhobe. Lacina selisitsho zonke izizukulwane zakhe. Izizukulwane zamadodana kaJakhobe angu-12 zazijayele ukubizwa ngokuthi ngamadodana ako-Israyeli, yindlu ka-Israyeli, ngabantu bako-Israyeli, ngamadoda ako-Israyeli, kumbe ngokuthi ngama-Israyeli. Izizwana ezilitshumi zombuso wasenyakatho owehlukana lombuso waseningizimu lazo zazibizwa ngebizo elithi Israyeli njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amaKhristu agcotshiweyo ayesebizwa ngokuthi ‘ngu-Israyeli kaNkulunkulu.’—Gal 6:16; Gen 32:28; 2Sa 7:23; Rom 9:6.
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UJakhobe.
Wayeyindodana ka-Isaka loRabheka. Ngemva kwesikhathi uNkulunkulu wamnika ibizo elithi Israyeli, wasesiba yinhloko yabantu bako-Israyeli (ababebizwa langokuthi ngama-Israyeli, bacina sebebizwa ngokuthi ngamaJuda). Wayelamadodana angu-12. Amadodana lawo kanye lezizukulwane zawo abumba izizwana ezingu-12 zesizwe sako-Israyeli. Isizwe lesi kumbe abantu bako-Israyeli baqhubeka bebizwa ngebizo elithi Jakhobe.—Gen 32:28; Mat 22:32.
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UJehova.
Le yindlela i-Tetragrammaton ejayele ukuhunyutshwa ngayo njalo i-Tetragrammaton zinhlamvu ezine zamabala esiHebheru ezimela ibizo likaNkulunkulu. Ibizo leli litholakala izikhathi ezedlula 7 000 eBhayibhilini leli.—Khangela iSengezo ku-A4 lo-A5.
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UJuda.
Wayeyindodana kaJakhobe yesine ayizalelwa ngumkakhe uLeya. UJakhobe wathi esezakufa wakhuluma isiphrofetho esasisithi kwakuzakuba lombusi omkhulu ozabusa isikhathi eside owayezavela kusendo lukaJuda. UJesu wathi esemhlabeni, wayengowosendo lukaJuda. Ibizo elithi Juda laliphinda lisetshenziswe nxa kukhulunywa ngesizwana. Ngemva kwesikhathi laselisitsho umbuso weningizimu owawulezizwana zako-Israyeli ezimbili, isizwana sakoJuda lesakoBhenjamini. Embusweni lo yikho okwakulabaphristi lamaLevi. Umbuso wakoJuda wawuseningizimu lapho okwakuleJerusalema kanye lethempeli.—Gen 29:35; 49:10; 1Am 4:20; Heb 7:14.
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UKhemoshi.
Lo ngunkulunkulu omkhulu wamaMowabi.—1Am 11:33.
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UKhenani.
Lo kwakungumzukulu kaNowa futhi wayeyindodana yesine kaHamu. Izizwana ezingu-11 ezavela kuKhenani zacina sezihlala endaweni esempumalanga koLwandle lweMedithera, eyayiphahlwe yiGibhithe leSiriya. Indawo leyo yayibizwa ngokuthi ‘lilizwe leKhenani.’ (Lev 18:3; Gen 9:18; Imis 13:19)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B4.
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UKhesari.
Lesi kwakuyisibongo senye imuli yamaRoma esacina sesilibizo Mak 12:17; Imis 25:12.lokuhlonipha lababusi beRoma. Ababusi beRoma abaqanjwa ngamabizo eBhayibhilini ngu-Agastu loThibheriyu loKlawudiyu. Lanxa uNero engaqanjwanga, ibizo leli liyasebenza lakuye. Ukuthi “Khesari” kuyasetshenziswa eMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi nxa kukhulunywa ngeziphathamandla kumbe ngohulumende.—
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UKhristu.
Leli libizo likaJesu lokuhlonipha elivela ebaleni lesiGrikhi elithi Khri·stosʹ. Lifanana lelesiHebheru elihunyutshwa ngokuthi “Mesiya” kumbe “oGcotshiweyo.”—Mat 1:16; Joh 1:41.
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Ukuba khona.
Kweminye iMibhalo yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, amabala la asetshenziswa nxa kuchasiswa ukuba khona kukaJesu Khristu ebukhosini kusukela ngesikhathi ebekwa ezulwini ukuthi abe yiNkosi enguMesiya kuqhubeke ezinsukwini zokucina zomumo lo wezinto. Ukuba khona kukaKhristu akusikho kubuya kwakhe nje abesebuyela masinyane, kodwa kuqhubeka okwesikhathi esithe xaxa.—Mat 24:3.
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Ukubeka izandla.
Umuntu wayebekwa izandla nxa ephiwa umsebenzi oqakathekileyo, ebusiswa, ephiwa isipho somoya ongcwele kumbe nxa esiliswa. Kwezinye izikhathi izinyamazana zazibekwa izandla kungakanikelwa ngazo.—Eks 29:15; Nan 27:18; Imis 19:6; 1Thi 5:22.
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Ukubhaxabula.
EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, ukubhaxabula kwakuyikutshaya umuntu kakhulu ngomchilo. Eminye imichilo yayilamabhora ensimbi ayebotshelwe emaketaneni. Eminye yayiphothwe yafakwa amathambo acijileyo lokuzinsinjana.—Joh 19:1.
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Ukubhula.
Ukubhula yikwehlukanisa amabele lezikhwebu kanye lamakhoba. Kwakubhulwa ngesandla kusetshenziswa ubhulo, kodwa nxa kwakubhulwa amabele amanengi kwakusetshenziswa amapulanka alamazinyo ensimbi ngaphansi kumbe isileyi sokubhula. Konke lokhu kwakudonswa yizifuyo phezu kwamabele ayabe ethelwe esizeni. (Lev 26:5; Isy 41:15)—Khangela elithi ESIZENI.
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Ukudobha emasimini.
Lokhu kwakuyikudobha okwakukhohlwe ngabavunayo emasimini kumbe ababekutshiye ngabomu. UMthetho kaMosi wawusithi abantu bangavuni konke okwakusemaphethelweni amasimu abo njalo bangakhi wonke ama-oliva lamagilebisi ezihlahleni zawo. UNkulunkulu wayethe abayanga, labahluphekayo, labezinye izizwe, lezintandane labafelokazi badobhe okwakusele nxa kuvunwa.—Rut 2:7.
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Ukugcoba.
NgesiHebheru ibala leli litsho “ukugcoba ngento engamanzi.” Amafutha ayegcotshwa umuntu kumbe olunye ulutho ukuze kukhanye ukuthi lowomuntu kumbe leyonto isinikelwe ukwenza inkonzo eqakathekileyo. EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, ibala leli liyasetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngokuthululwa komoya ongcwele kulabo abakhethwe ukuthi bayephila ezulwini.—Eks 28:41; 1Sa 16:13; 2Kr 1:21.
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Ukuhlamuka.
NgesiGrikhi ibala leli lithi a·po·sta·siʹa, futhi livela ebaleni eliyisenzo elitsho “ukumela khatshana lolutho.” Ibala leli lingatsho “ukutshiya, ukufulathela kumbe ukuvukela.” EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, ibala elithi “ukuhlamuka” lisetshenziswa ikakhulu nxa kukhulunywa ngabaphambukayo batshiye ukukhonza kweqiniso.—Zag 11:9; Imis 21:21; 2The 2:3.
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Ukuhlanzeka; Ukuhlambuluka.
EBhayibhilini amabala la kawatsho ukuhlanzeka emzimbeni kuphela. Atsho lokugcina okuthile kungelasici kumbe ukukuhlambulula kusale kungelatshatha. Kanti njalo atsho lokuthi umuntu angabi lolutho olumngcolisayo kumbe olumphambanisayo endabeni zokukhonza lezokuziphatha. EMthethweni kaMosi amabala la atsho ukuba ngohlambulukileyo ngendlela etshiwo nguMthetho.—Lev 10:10; Hu 51:7; Mat 8:2; 1Kr 6:11.
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Ukuhlawulelwa.
EMibhalweni yesiHebheru ibala leli lalisetshenziswa ezindabeni eziphathelane lemihlatshelo eyayinceda abantu ukuthi basondele kuNkulunkulu njalo bamkhonze. EMthethweni kaMosi imihlatshelo le yayisenziwa ikakhulu ngeLanga Lokuhlawulelwa ukuze abantu babuyisane loNkulunkulu, kuhlawulelwe izono zesizwe sonke loba ezabantu. Imihlatshelo leyo yayimela umhlatshelo kaJesu owahlawulela izono zabantu kwaba kanye kuphela, wanika abantu ithuba lokubuyisana loJehova.—Lev 5:10; 23:28; Kol 1:20; Heb 9:12.
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Ukuhlupheka okukhulu.
Ibala lesiGrikhi elihunyutshwa ngokuthi “ukuhlupheka” litsho ukukhathazeka kakhulu kumbe ukudubeka ngenxa yezinto ezikuthwalise nzima. UJesu wakhuluma ‘ngokuhlupheka okukhulu’ okwakungakaze kube khona okwakuzakwehlela iJerusalema, lalokho okuzakwehlela abantu bonke esikhathini esizayo nxa ‘esesiza elenkazimulo enkulu.’ (Mat 24:21, 29-31) UPhawuli wathi kulungile ukuthi uNkulunkulu alethe ukuhlupheka lokhu “kulabo abangamaziyo uNkulunkulu lakulabo abangazilaleliyo izindaba ezinhle” ezimayelana loJesu Khristu. ISambulo isahluko 19 sikhuluma ngoJesu ekhokhela amabutho asezulwini ukuthi ayekulwa ‘lesilo lamakhosi omhlaba elamabutho awo.’ (2The 1:6-8; Sam 19:11-21) Sitshelwa lokuthi “ixuku elikhulu” lizasinda ekuhluphekeni lokho. (Sam 7:9, 14)—Khangela elithi I-AMAGEDONI.
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Ukulila.
Le kwakuyindlela umuntu ayetshengisa ngayo ukuthi udabukile ngenxa yokufelwa loba ukwehlelwa ngumonakalo. Ngezikhathi zeBhayibhili, kwakujayelekile ukuthi umuntu alile okwesikhathi esithile. Abalilayo babeqhinqa isililo futhi babegqoka impahla zokulila, bathele umlotha emakhanda, badabule izigqoko zabo futhi bazitshaye ezifubeni. Kwezinye izikhathi emingcwabeni kwakubizwa ababesenza umsebenzi wokulila ukuthi bazokhala.—Gen 23:2; Est 4:3; Sam 21:4.
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Ukulunga.
EMibhalweni ibala leli litsho lokho okuqondileyo, kusiya ngokuthi imithetho kaNkulunkulu ithi kuyini okuqondileyo lokungaqondanga.—Gen 15:6; Dut 6:25; Zag 11:4; Zef 2:3; Mat 6:33.
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Ukungena/ukuthatha umkamnewenu.
Leli lisiko elacina selifakwe eMthethweni kaMosi. Esikweni leli kwakusithi nxa indoda ingafa ingelamntwana ongumfana, umfowabo wayethatha umkayo ukuze azalele umufi abantwana.—Gen 38:8; Dut 25:5.
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Ukuphenduka.
EBhayibhilini ibala leli litsho ukuthi umuntu utshintsha ingqondo, ezisola ngenhliziyo yonke ngendlela abephila ngayo langezenzo ezimbi kumbe lokho ehluleke ukukwenza. Umuntu osephendukile okweqiniso ukhanya ngokuthela izithelo ezitshengisa ukuthi usetshintshe indlela abesenza ngayo.—Mat 3:8; Imis 3:19; 2Pe 3:9.
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Ukuqalekisa.
Lokhu yikusongela kumbe ukukhuluma okubi okuzakwenzakala komunye umuntu kumbe kolunye ulutho. Ayisikho kukhuluma inhlamba kumbe ukutshinga. Izikhathi ezinengi isiqalekiso yisimemezelo kumbe ukukhuluma okubi okusazokwenzakala. Nxa sikhulunywe nguNkulunkulu kumbe ngumuntu amthumileyo kuyabe kuyisiphrofetho esizagcwaliseka.—Gen 12:3; Nan 22:12; Gal 3:10.
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Ukusebenzelana lemimoya.
Lokhu yikukholwa ukuthi umoya womuntu ofileyo uqhubeka uphila nxa umzimba usifa lokuthi abafileyo bayenelisa ukukhuluma labaphilayo njalo bayakwenza lokho, ikakhulu nxa kusetshenziswa umuntu oyisangoma osebenzelana labo. Ibala lesiGrikhi elihunyutshwa ngokuthi “ukusebenzelana lemimoya” ngelithi phar·ma·kiʹa, okutsho “ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa.” Ibala leli lacina selisitsho ukusebenzelana lemimoya ngoba kudala kwakusetshenziswa izidakamizwa nxa kucelwa ukuthi amadimoni aphe umuntu amandla okwenza ubuthakathi.—Gal 5:20; Sam 21:8.
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Ukusoka.
Lokhu yikusikwa kwejwabu laphambili lesitho sensitha sabesilisa. Ukusoka kwabekwa kwaba ngumthetho ku-Abrahama lezizukulwane zakhe kodwa akuseyiwo mthetho kumaKhristu. Kwezinye izindawo eBhayibhilini ukusoka kumela okuthile.—Gen 17:10; 1Kr 7:19; Flp 3:3.
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Ukuthunjwa.
Yikususwa elizweni lakini kumbe ngakini, izikhathi ezinengi ususwa ngabantu abayabe belinqobile empini. NgesiHebheru ibala leli litsho “ukusuka.” Ama-Israyeli athunjwa kabili esuswa elizweni lawo. Umbuso wezizwana ezilitshumi ezazisenyakatho wathunjwa ngama-Asiriya. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umbuso wezizwana ezimbili ezaziseningizimu wathunjwa ngabeBhabhiloni. Abanye ababethunjwe emibusweni le babuyela elizweni labo sekubusa uKhoresi inkosi yePhesiya.—2Am 17:6; 24:16; Ezr 6:21.
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Ukuthwasa kwenyanga.
Leli kwakulilanga lokuqala lenyanga ngayinye kukhalenda yamaJuda lapho abantu ababebuthana khona besenza amadili njalo benikela imihlatshelo eqakathekileyo. Ngemva kwesikhathi, ilanga leli laba ngelomkhosi oqakathekileyo wesizwe lapho abantu Nan 10:10; 2Imi 8:13; Kol 2:16.ababengasebenzi khona.—
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Ukuvuswa kwabafileyo.
Ibala lesiGrikhi elihunyutshwa ngokuthi ukuvuswa kwabafileyo ngelithi a·naʹsta·sis, okutsho “ukuphakamisa” kumbe “ukusukuma.” EBhayibhilini kukhulunywa ngabantu abangu-9 abavuswa kwabafileyo, okugoqela lokuvuswa kukaJesu nguJehova uNkulunkulu. Lanxa abanye bavuswa ngu-Elija, lo-Elisha, loJesu, loPhetro kanye loPhawuli, iBhayibhili lenza kucace ukuthi izimangaliso lezi zenziwa ngamandla kaNkulunkulu. Ukuvuswa ‘kwabalungileyo labangalunganga’ abazahlala emhlabeni kuqakathekile ukuze lokho uNkulunkulu akuhlosileyo kwenzakale. (Imis 24:15) IBhayibhili likhuluma langokuvuswa kwabantu abazaphila ezulwini okubizwa ngokuthi ‘yikuvuswa kwabafileyo kwakuqala’ kumbe ‘okokuqala.’ Lokhu yikuvuswa kwabafowabo bakaJesu abagcotshwe ngomoya.—Flp 3:11; Sam 20:5, 6; Joh 5:28, 29; 11:25.
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Ukuxhwala.
Ibala leli livela kwelesiGrikhi elithi a·selʹgei·a, elitsho izenzo ezimbi kakhulu ezephula imithetho kaNkulunkulu, ezitshengisa ukuthi umuntu uxhwalile futhi uyadelela kakhulu. Ukuxhwala lokhu kutshengisa ukuthi kahloniphi ngitsho, loba ukuthi weyisa abakhokhelayo, lemithetho kanye lezimiso. Ibala leli kalitsho ukuphambanisa kancane nje.—Gal 5:19; 2Pe 2:7.
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Ukuzila ukudla.
Yikuyekela ukudla okwesikhathi esithile. Ama-Israyeli ayezila ngeLanga Lokuhlawulelwa, ngezikhathi ezinzima, langezikhathi ecela ukuthi uJehova awaqondise. AmaJuda ayezila kane ngomnyaka ukuze akhumbule izinto ezibuhlungu ezaziwehlele. Ukuzila akusimthetho kumaKhristu.—Ezr 8:21; Isy 58:6; Luk 18:12.
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Ukuzinikela kuNkulunkulu.
Lokhu yikuhlonipha lokukhonza kanye lokusebenzela uJehova uNkulunkulu uqotho kuye, njengoba enguMbusi wendawo yonke.—1Thi 4:8; 2Thi 3:12.
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ULevi; UmLevi.
ULevi wayeyindodana kaJakhobe yesithathu ayizalelwa ngumkakhe uLeya, njalo kulesizwana esasibizwa ngebizo lakhe. Amadodana akhe amathathu yiwo asungula izigaba ezintathu zamaLevi. Kwezinye izikhathi ibizo elithi “Levi” litsho sonke isizwana kodwa izikhathi ezinengi imuli ka-Aroni yabaphristi iyabe ingabalwanga. Isizwana sakoLevi kasizange sabelwe indawo eLizweni Lesithembiso kodwa saphiwa amadolobho angu-48 phakathi kwezindawo ezazabelwe ezinye izizwana.—Dut 10:8; 1Imi 6:1; Heb 7:11.
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ULeviyathani.
Kungenzakala ukuthi le yinyamazana ehlala emanzini. KuJobe 3:8 lo–41:1 kukhanya kutshiwo ingwenya loba inyamazana enkulu ehlala emanzini futhi elamandla. Kungenzakala ukuthi kuHubo 104:26 kukhulunywa ngomhlobo wensikabayitshiye. Kwezinye indawo uLeviyathani uyabe emela okuthile futhi akwaziwa ukuthi kuyabe kutshiwo yiphi inyamazana.—Hu 74:14; Isy 27:1.
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UMalikhamu.
Kumele ukuthi lo nguMolekhi, unkulunkulu omkhulu wama-Amoni. (Zef 1:5)—Khangela elithi UMOLEKHI.
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Umbhali.
Lo kwakungumuntu owayekopa iMibhalo yesiHebheru eyibhala kwenye indawo. Ngesikhathi uJesu esemhlabeni, ababhali basebeliqembu lamadoda ayeyizazi zoMthetho futhi babemphikisa.—Ezr 7:6; Mak 12:38, 39; 14:1.
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Umboni.
Lo ngumuntu uNkulunkulu ayemenza aqedisise intando yakhe. Wayemvula amehlo ukuze abone futhi azwisise izinto abanye abantu ababengazazi. Ibala leli lithethwe ebaleni lesiHebheru elitsho “ukubona” ngamehlo loba ngendlela eyisimanga. Abantu babehamba bayebona umboni nxa belokunye okubahluphayo abafuna ukucetshiswa ngakho.—1Sa 9:9.
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Umbonisi.
Le yindoda elomsebenzi wokukhangela lowokwelusa ibandla. Ibala lesiGrikhi elithi e·piʹsko·pos litsho ikakhulu ukuvikela labo abakhokhelwayo. Ibala elithi “umbonisi” lichaza umsebenzi ofanana lalowo ochazwa libala elithi “umdala” (pre·sbyʹte·ros). Elithi “umdala” litsho ukuthi izenzo zomuntu obekiweyo zitshengisa ukuthi usengumKhristu osethuthukile, elithi “umbonisi” lona ligcizelela imisebenzi okumele ayenze.—Imis 20:28; 1Thi 3:2-7; 1Pe 5:2.
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Umbumbi.
Lo ngumuntu osebenzisa ibumba ukuthi enze imbiza, imiganu lezinye izitsha. Ibala lesiHebheru elihunyutshwe ngokuthi umbumbi litsho ukuthi “umenzi.” Izikhathi ezinengi amandla uJehova alawo Isy 64:8; Rom 9:21.phezu komuntu ngamunye loba phezu kwezizwe afaniswa lamandla umbumbi alawo phezu kwebumba.—
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Umbusi wesabelo.
Lo kwakungumbusi omkhulu owayebusa isabelo esasingaphansi kweSenethi yaseRoma. Wayelamandla okwahlulela lawokukhokhela amabutho. Lanxa izinto ayezenza zazihlolwa yiSenethi, kakho owayelamandla kulaye esabelweni sakhe.—Imis 13:7; 18:12.
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UMbuso kaNkulunkulu.
La ngamabala asetshenziswa ikakhulu nxa kukhulunywa ngobukhosi bukaNkulunkulu obumelwa nguhulumende weNdodana yakhe, uKhristu uJesu.—Mat 12:28; Luk 4:43; 1Kr 15:50.
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Umdala; Indoda endala.
Le yindoda esikhulile, kodwa eMibhalweni kuyabe kutshiwo ikakhulu indoda esesikhundleni futhi ekhokhelayo emphakathini kumbe esizweni. Ibala leli liyasetshenziswa kuSambulo nxa kukhulunywa ngezidalwa zasezulwini. Ibala lesiGrikhi elithi pre·sbyʹte·ros lihunyutshwa ngokuthi “umdala” nxa lisitsho labo abalomsebenzi wokukhokhela ebandleni.—Eks 4:29; Zag 31:23; 1Thi 5:17; Sam 4:4.
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UMerodakhi.
Lo kwakungunkulunkulu omkhulu wedolobho laseBhabhiloni. UHamurabi inkosi yeBhabhiloni eyayibeka imithetho yenza iBhabhiloni yaba yisigodlo seBhabhiloniya. Ngemva kwalokho uMerodakhi waba ngunkulunkulu oqakatheke kakhulu futhi waba mkhulu kulabo bonke onkulunkulu baseBhabhiloni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ibizo lakhe elithi Merodakhi (kumbe Madukhi) latshintsha waseqalisa ukubizwa ngokuthi “nguBhelu” okutsho ukuthi “umnikazi.” UMerodakhi wayejayele ukubizwa langokuthi nguBheli.—Jer 50:2.
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UMesiya.
Leli libala elithethwe kwelesiHebheru elitsho ukuthi “ogcotshiweyo.” Lifanana lelithi “Khristu” elithethwe kwelesiGrikhi.—Dan 9:25; Joh 1:41.
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Umgodi ongelamkhawulo.
Ibala leli livela ebaleni lesiGrikhi elithi aʹbys·sos, elitsho ukuthi “ukutshona kakhulukazi” kumbe “okungalinganisekiyo, okungaciniyo.” EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi lisetshenziswa nxa kutshiwo indawo kumbe isimo sokuvalelwa. Lingatsho lengcwaba loba okunye nje.—Luk 8:31; Rom 10:7; Sam 20:3.
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UmHebheru/IsiHebheru.
U-Abrama (u-Abrahama) waba ngowokuqala ukubizwa ngokuthi ngumHebheru futhi ibizo leli lalimehlukanisa labomakhelwane bakhe ababengama-Amori. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi laselisitsho izizukulwane zika-Abrahama ezazizalwa ngumzukulu wakhe uJakhobe, futhi ulimi lwazo lwalubizwa ngokuthi yisiHebheru. Ngesikhathi sikaJesu isiHebheru sasesilamabala amanengi esi-Aramu. Yiso esasikhulunywa nguKhristu labafundi bakhe.—Gen 14:13; Eks 5:3; Imis 26:14.
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Umhlanga wokulinganisa.
Umhlanga wokulinganisa wawuzingalo eziyisithupha ubude. Nxa kusetshenziswa ingalo ejayelekileyo, wawungamamitha angu-2,67. Kodwa nxa kusetshenziswa ingalo ende, wawungamamitha angu-3,11. (Hez 40:3, 5; Sam 11:1)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B14.
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Umhlatshelo.
Lo ngumnikelo umuntu ayewuletha kuNkulunkulu ukuze ambonge, avume isono sakhe futhi alungise ubudlelwano bakhe laye. Kusukela ku-Abela abantu babezikhethela ukunikela imihlatshelo eyehlukeneyo eyayigoqela lezifuyo, kwaze kwaba yilapho isivumelwano soMthetho kaMosi sikwenza kube ngumthetho. Imihlatshelo yezinyamazana yayingasafuneki uJesu esenikele ngokuphila kwakhe okwakungumhlatshelo opheleleyo. Kodwa amaKhristu aqhubeka enikela imihlatshelo kuNkulunkulu ngokwenza izinto eziphathelane lokukhonza.—Gen 4:4; Heb 13:15, 16; 1Jo 4:10.
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Umhlonyane.
Lezi yizihlahlakazana ezitshiyeneyo ezibaba gamu kodwa ezilephunga elimnandi elinukelela kakhulu. Kwamanye amavesi eBhayibhilini umhlonyane umela ubuhlungu obudalwa yikungaziphathi, obokuba yisigqili, obokuphathwa kubi kanye lobuhlungu obubangelwa yikuhlamuka. ‘Umhlonyane’ okukhulunywa ngawo kuSambulo 8:11 utsho into ebabayo leyitshefu ebizwa langokuthi yi-absinthe.—Sam 8:11; Dut 29:18; Zag 5:4; Jer 9:15; Amo 5:7.
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UMilikhomu.
Lo ngunkulunkulu owayekhonzwa ngama-Amoni futhi kungabe kunguMolekhi okukhulunywa ngaye kwamanye 1Am 11:5, 7) USolomoni wakhela unkulunkulu lo wamanga izindawo eziphakemeyo iminyaka yakhe yokubusa isisiyaphela.—Khangela elithi UMOLEKHI.amavesi. (
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UmJuda.
Lo kwakungumuntu wesizwana sakoJuda ngemva kokudilika kombuso wezizwana ezilitshumi zako-Israyeli. (2Am 16:6) AmaJuda athi esevela ekuthunjweni eBhabhiloni, laselisitsho ama-Israyeli ayengawezizwana ezehlukeneyo ayebuyele ko-Israyeli. (Ezr 4:12) Ngemva kwesikhathi laselisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke ukwehlukanisa ama-Israyeli labantu bezinye izizwe. (Est 3:6) Umphostoli uPhawuli uyalisebenzisa ibala leli nxa ecacisa ukuthi ebandleni lamaKhristu akuqakathekanga ukuthi umuntu uvela kusiphi isizwe.—Rom 2:28, 29; Gal 3:28.
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UMkhosi Wesinkwa Esingelamvubelo.
Lo kwakungumkhosi wokuqala emikhosini emithathu emikhulu eyayisenziwa kanye ngomnyaka ko-Israyeli. Wawuqalisa ngoNisani 15 ngelanga elalilandela iPhasika, uqhubeke okwamalanga ayisikhombisa. Lesi kwakuyisikhathi sokukhumbula ukuphuma eGibhithe, yikho kwakudliwa isinkwa esingelamvubelo kuphela.—Eks 23:15; Mak 14:1.
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UMkhosi Wezihonqo.
Wawubizwa langokuthi nguMkhosi Wamathabanikeli kumbe uMkhosi Wokubutha. Wawusiba khona ngenyanga ka-Ethanimi, mhlaka 15 kusiya ku-21. Emkhosini lo ama-Israyeli ayethakazelela isivuno ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuvuna njalo kwakuyisikhathi sokuthokoza lesokubonga uJehova ngokubusisa izilimo zabo. Ngamalanga omkhosi lo, abantu babehlala ezihonqweni kumbe emadumbeni alophahla kuphela ukuze bakhumbule ukuphuma kwabo eGibhithe. Wawungomunye wemikhosi emithathu amadoda okwakumele ayeyithakazelela eJerusalema.—Lev 23:34; Ezr 3:4.
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UMkhosi Wokunikela Ithempeli.
Leli kwakulilanga elalithakazelelwa minyaka yonke. Lalingelokukhumbula ukuhlanjululwa kwethempeli ngemva kokungcoliswa kwalo ngu-Antiochus Epiphanes. Umkhosi lo wawuqalisa mhlaka 25 Khisilevu njalo wawuthatha amalanga angu-8.—Joh 10:22.
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UMkhosi Wokuvuna; uMkhosi Wamaviki.
—Khangela elithi IPHENTEKHOSTI.
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UmKhristu.
Leli libizo uNkulunkulu alipha abalandeli bakaJesu Khristu.—Imis 11:26; 26:28.
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Umlamuli.
Lo ngumuntu ohlanganisa abantu ababili kumbe amaqembu amabili, awancede ukuthi abuyisane. EMibhalweni, uMosi ngumlamuli wesivumelwano soMthetho, uJesu yena ngumlamuli wesivumelwano esitsha.—Gal 3:19; 1Thi 2:5.
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Umlindi.
Lo kwakungumuntu owayesebenza ukuvikela abantu kumbe impahla ikakhulu ebusuku njalo wayelimukisa abantu nxa ebona ingozi isiza. Abalindi babejayele ukuba phezu kwemiduli yedolobho kumbe emiphotshongweni ukuze babone abantu abeza edolobheni besesekhatshana. Lasebuthweni kwakulabalindi. Esizweni sako-Israyeli abaphrofethi babesenza umsebenzi onjengowabalindi, bexwayisa abantu ngokubhujiswa okwakuzakuba khona.—2Am 9:20; Hez 3:17.
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UMmeli Omkhulu.
NgesiGrikhi ibala leli litsho ukuthi “uMkhokheli Omkhulu.” Lichaza umsebenzi kaJesu Khristu oqakatheke kakhulu, owokukhulula abantu abathembekileyo ekufeni okulethwa yisono, ebakhokhela ebasa ekuphileni okungapheliyo.—Imis 3:15; 5:31; Heb 2:10; 12:2.
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UmNazaretha.
Leli libizo likaJesu elithathelwa edolobheni laseNazaretha ayevela kulo. Kukhanya lihambelana lebala lesiHebheru eliku-Isaya 11:1 elithi “ihlumela.” Abalandeli bakaJesu labo bacina sebebizwa ngokuthi ngamaNazaretha.—Mat 2:23; Imis 24:5.
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UmNaziri.
Ibala leli lithethwe kwelesiHebheru elitsho ukuthi “okhethiweyo,” kumbe “onikelweyo” loba “owahlukaniswe labanye.” Kwakulemihlobo emibili yamaNaziri, lawo ayezikhethela lalawo ayebekwa nguNkulunkulu ukuthi abe ngamaNaziri. Indoda loba owesifazana wayengenza isifungo kuJehova esokuthi uzakuba ngumNaziri okwesikhathi esithile. Nanzi izinto ezintathu okwakungamelanga zenziwe ngababezikhethela ukwenza isifungo lesi: Kwakungamelanga banathe loba yini edakayo kumbe badle loba yini eyenziwe ngamagilebisi. Kwakungafanelanga bagele inwele futhi kwakungamelanga bathinte isidumbu. Labo ababebekwa nguJehova ukuthi babe ngamaNaziri babehlala beyiwo okwempilo yonke njalo nguye owayebatshela Nan 6:2-7; Aba 13:5.okwakumele bakwenze.—
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Umnikelo wecala.
Lo ngumhlatshelo umuntu ayewenza nxa ewonile. Wawutshiyene leminye iminikelo yesono ngoba wona wawusenza ukuthi umuntu osephendukile esonweni sakhe abuyiselwe amanye amalungelo ayewaphiwa yisivumelwano soMthetho. Wawusenza lokuthi owonileyo angasajeziselwa icala lakhe.—Lev 7:37; 19:22; Isy 53:10.
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Umnikelo wesifungo.
Lo ngumnikelo umuntu ayewenza ngokuthanda kwakhe nxa esenza izifungo ezithile.—Lev 23:38; 1Sa 1:21.
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Umnikelo wesono.
Lo kwakungumhlatshelo owawusenziwa ngumuntu nxa ewonile ngenxa yesono azalwa elaso hatshi ngoba ehlosile. Kwakusetshenziswa imihlatshelo yezinyamazana ezitshiyeneyo, kusukela enkunzini kuze kuyefika enkwilimbeni, kusiya ngokuthi lowo owayefuna ukuthethelelwa isono wayelesikhundla siphi njalo esenelisa okunganani.—Lev 4:27, 29; Heb 10:8.
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Umnikelo wobudlelwano.
Lo ngumhlatshelo umuntu ayewunika uJehova etshengisa ukuthi ulobudlelwano obuhle laye. Umhlatshelo lo wawudliwa ngumuntu owayezonikela lemuli yakhe, lomphristi owayebenzela umhlatshelo kanye labaphristi ababesebenza ngalelolanga. Uqhatshi lwamafutha lwalusiya kuJehova njalo legazi elimela ukuphila laliphiwa yena. Kwakungathi umphristi labantu abazonikela badla loJehova, betshengisa ukuthi balobudlelwano obuhle laye.—Lev 7:29, 32; Dut 27:7.
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Umnikelo wokubonga.
Lo ngumnikelo wobudlelwano owawusenzelwa ukudumisa uNkulunkulu ngenxa yothando lwakhe oluqotho lalokho akupha abantu. Inyama yesifuyo okwakunikelwa ngaso yayidliwa kanye lesinkwa esingelamvubelo lesilemvubelo. Inyama le kwakumele idliwe mhlalokho.—2Imi 29:31.
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Umnikelo wokunathwayo.
Lo ngumnikelo wewayini owawuthululelwa e-alithareni futhi owawunikelwa leminye iminikelo. UPhawuli wasifanisa lomnikelo lo isifiso ayelaso sokuzinikela ukuthi ancedise amaKhristu ayekhonza lawo.—Neh 7:70; Mat 17:24.
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Umnikelo wokutshiswa.
Lo ngumhlatshelo wenyamazana owawutshiswa e-alithareni unikelwe wonke kuNkulunkulu. Umuntu owayenikela wayengathathi lutho kuleyonyamazana, kungaba yinkunzi, inqama, impongo, ijuba kumbe inkwilimba encane.—Eks 29:18; Lev 6:9.
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Umnikelo wokuzunguzwa.
Kukhanya angathi nxa kwakusenziwa umnikelo lo umphristi wayefaka izandla zakhe ngaphansi kwezandla zalowo owayephethe umhlatshelo ayezonikela ngawo abesezizunguza. Kwezinye izikhathi umphristi nguye owayezunguza umnikelo wakhona. Lokhu kwakutshengisa ukuthi umhlatshelo lo wawulethwa phambi kukaJehova.—Lev 7:30.
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UMolekhi.
Lo kwakungunkulunkulu wama-Amoni. Kungabe kunguye obizwa langokuthi nguMalikhami loMilikhomu kanye loMolokhi. Kungenzakala ukuthi kwakungayisilo bizo likankulunkulu oyedwa kodwa kwakulibizo lokuhlonipha. UMthetho kaMosi wawusithi loba ngubani owenza umhlatshelo ngabantwabakhe kuMolekhi kumele abulawe.—Lev 20:2; Jer 32:35; Imis 7:43.
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Umoya ongcwele.
La ngamandla kaNkulunkulu awasebenzisa ukwenza intando yakhe. Umoya lo ungcwele ngoba uvela kuJehova, uNkulunkulu ohlanzekileyo njalo olungileyo ukwedlula loba ngubani. Ungcwele futhi ngenxa yokuthi uwusebenzisa ukwenza imisebenzi engcwele.—Luk 1:35; Imis 1:8.
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Umoya.
Nxa kuhunyutshwa ibala lesiHebheru elithi ruʹach lelesiGrikhi elithi pneuʹma, kujayele ukusetshenziswa elithi “umoya” futhi asetshenziswa ezintweni ezehlukeneyo. Atsho lokho okungabonakaliyo emehlweni abantu njalo okukhanya ngamandla akho ukuthi kukhona. Amabala la esiHebheru lesiGrikhi asetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa (1) ngomoya ovunguzayo, (2) ngamandla okuphila asezidalweni ezisemhlabeni, (3) ngokuzimisela komuntu okwenza ukuthi atsho kumbe enze into ethile, (4) ngamazwi aphefumulelweyo avela endaweni engabonakaliyo, (5) ngezidalwa zomoya (6) langamandla kaNkulunkulu kumbe umoya ongcwele.—Eks 35:21; Hu 104:29; Mat 12:43; Luk 11:13.
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Umphefumulo.
Ibala leli lihunyutshwe kwelesiHebheru elithi neʹphesh lelesiGrikhi elithi psy·kheʹ. Nxa kuhlolisiswa indlela Gen 1:20; 2:7; Nan 31:28; 1Pe 3:20, amabala angaphansi) Indlela iBhayibhili elisebenzisa ngayo ibala elithi neʹphesh lelithi psy·kheʹ itshiyene lendlela ibala elithi “umphefumulo” elisetshenziswa ngayo ezinkolweni ezinengi. EBhayibhilini amabala la asetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngezidalwa zasemhlabeni ezibambekayo lezibonakalayo futhi ezifayo. EBhayibhilini leli, amabala la esiHebheru lesiGrikhi ahunyutshwe kusiya ngokuthi atshoni evesini akuyo. Kusetshenziswe amabala anjengokuthi “ukuphila,” “isidalwa,” “umuntu,” kumbe isabizwana nje (njengokuthi “mina” kulokuthi kuthiwe “umphefumulo wami”). Nxa kukhulunywa ngokwenza okuthile ngomphefumulo wonke, kuyabe kutshiwo ukukwenza ngakho konke okwakho, ngenhliziyo yonke kumbe ngokuphila kwakho konke. (Dut 6:5; Mat 22:37) Kweminye imibhalo, amabala la esiHebheru lesiGrikhi angatsho ukuthi isidalwa esiphilayo silesifiso sento ethile. Angaphinda atsho umuntu ofileyo loba isidumbu.—Nan 6:6; Zag 23:2; Isy 56:11; Hag 2:13.amabala la asetshenziswe ngayo eBhayibhilini, kuyacaca ukuthi atsho (1) abantu, (2) izinyamazana kumbe (3) ukuphila komuntu loba okwenyamazana. (
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Umphikukhristu.
NgesiGrikhi ibala leli litsho izinto ezimbili. Litsho lokho okuphikisana loKhristu, liphinde litsho uKhristu wamanga, lowo ozifaka endaweni kaKhristu. Bonke abantu lezinhlanganiso kumbe amaqembu aqamba amanga esithi amela uKhristu kumbe esithi angoMesiya, kumbe aphikisana loKhristu kanye labafundi bakhe lawo angabizwa ngokuthi angabaphikukhristu.—1Jo 2:22.
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Umphostoli.
Ibala leli litsho ukuthi “lowo othunyiweyo,” njalo lisetshenziswa kuJesu lakwabanye ababethunywa ukuthi bancede abanye. Lijayele ukusetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngabafundi abangu-12 uJesu azikhethela bona ukuthi babe ngabameli bakhe.—Mak 3:14; Imis 14:14.
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Umphristi okhokhelayo.
Leli ngelinye ibizo “lomphristi omkhulu” elisetshenziswa eMibhalweni yesiHebheru. EMibhalweni yamaKhristu yesiGrikhi, kukhanya “abaphristi abakhokhelayo” kwakungamadoda adumileyo ayengabaphristi. Kwakungaba ngabaphristi abakhulu abagunyulwayo labakhokheli bamaqembu angu-24 abaphristi.—2Imi 26:20; Ezr 7:5; Mat 2:4; Mak 8:31.
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Umphristi omkhulu.
EMthethweni kaMosi, lo kwakungumphristi owayelesikhundla esiphezulu kulabo bonke abaphristi. Wayemela abantu phambi kukaNkulunkulu njalo wayekhokhela abanye abaphristi. Wayebizwa langokuthi ‘ngumphristi okhokhelayo.’ (2Imi 26:20; Ezr 7:5) Nguye yedwa owayevunyelwa ukungena eNgcwelengcwele, indawo eyayingaphakathi ethabanikeli. Ngemva kwesikhathi indawo le yaba sethempelini. Wayengena kuyo kanye ngomnyaka ngeLanga Lokuhlawulelwa. UJesu Khristu laye ubizwa ngokuthi ‘ngumphristi omkhulu.’—Lev 16:2, 17; 21:10; Mat 26:3; Heb 4:14.
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Umphristi.
Le yindoda eyayiphiwe umsebenzi wokumela uNkulunkulu ebantwini. Yayifundisa abantu ngoNkulunkulu langemithetho yakhe. Abaphristi babephinda bamele abantu kuNkulunkulu ngokunikela imihlatshelo langokubakhulumela kanye lokubancengela. UMthetho kaMosi ungakabi khona, inhloko yemuli yiyo eyayisiba ngumphristi wemuli yayo. EMthethweni kaMosi, bonke abesilisa abemuli ka-Aroni owayengowesizwana sakoLevi babengabaphristi. Wonke amanye amadoda angamaLevi ayebancedisa. Kwathi kusungulwa isivumelwano esitsha, u-Israyeli kaNkulunkulu waba yisizwe sabaphristi, uJesu Khristu yena waba nguMphristi Omkhulu.—Eks 28:41; Heb 9:24; Sam 5:10.
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Umphrofethi.
Lo ngumuntu owayesebenza ukutshela abantu okwakuzakwenziwa nguNkulunkulu. Abaphrofethi babekhulumela uNkulunkulu. Babekhuluma okuzakwenzakala, bafundise abantu ngoJehova lemilayo yakhe kanye lezahlulelo zakhe.—Amo 3:7; 2Pe 1:21.
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Umphroselithe.
Lo ngumuntu oguqukileyo. EMibhalweni, umphroselithe kwakungumuntu owamukele ukholo lwesiJuda njalo nxa wayengowesilisa kwakufanele asokwe.—Mat 23:15; Imis 13:43, amabala angaphansi.
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Umqondisi wokuhlabela.
KumaHubo kukhanya ibala leli ngesiHebheru litsho umuntu owayehlela izingoma futhi engumhlabelisi. Nguye owayefundisa abahlabeleli abangamaLevi, eprakthiza labo futhi wayehlabelisa nxa kulemibuthano eqakathekileyo. Hu 4:0; 5:0.Abanye abahumutshi beBhayibhili bahumutsha ibala leli ngokuthi “umkhokheli wabahlabeleli.”—
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Umthelo.
Le yimbadalo eyayikhitshwa yisizwe kumbe ngumbusi ukuze kukhanye ukuthi uyazehlisa kulowo ayebhadala kuye. Lokhu kwakusenzelwa ukuthi kuhlale kulokuthula lokuthi isizwe sivikelwe. (2Am 3:4; 18:14-16; 2Imi 17:11) Ibala leli lalisetshenziswa futhi nxa kutshiwo umthelo obhadalwa ngumuntu ngamunye.—Neh 5:4; Rom 13:7.
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Umthenwa.
Le yindoda etheniweyo. Amadoda anjalo ayesebenza esigodlweni eyizinceku loba enakekela indlovukazi labafazi benkosi beceleni. Ibala leli litsho lendoda eyayingathenwanga kodwa eyayingumphathi osebenza esigodlweni senkosi. Liyasetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngomuntu ‘ongumthenwa ngenxa yoMbuso,’ lowo ozibambayo ukuze enze okunengi enkonzweni kaNkulunkulu.—Mat 19:12; Est 2:15; Imis 8:27.
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UMthetho kaMosi.
Lo nguMthetho uJehova awupha ama-Israyeli ngo-1513 B.C.E., esebenzisa uMosi enkangala yaseSinayi. Amabhuku okuqala amahlanu aseBhayibhilini ajayele ukubizwa ngokuthi nguMthetho.—Jos 23:6; Luk 24:44.
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UMthetho.
Izikhathi ezinengi nxa ibala leli lilo-M omkhulu, liyabe lisitsho uMthetho kaMosi kumbe amabhuku okuqala amahlanu aseBhayibhilini. Nxa u-M emncane, kungabe kutshiwo umthetho ngamunye oseMthethweni kaMosi loba isimiso somthetho.—Nan 15:16; Dut 4:8; Mat 7:12; Gal 3:24.
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Umumo wezinto.
Ibala leli lihunyutshwe kwelesiGrikhi elithi ai·onʹ·futhi litsho umumo oyabe ukhona ngesikhathi esithile kumbe izinto ezenzakala ngeminyaka ethile ezenza ukuthi isikhathi sangaleyominyaka sehlukaniswe lesinye. IBhayibhili likhuluma ‘ngomumo lo wezinto,’ okutsho umumo oyabe ukhona emhlabeni ngalesosikhathi kanye lendlela abantu bomhlaba abaphila ngayo. (2Thi 4:10) Kulomumo wezinto owasungulwa nguNkulunkulu esebenzisa isivumelwano soMthetho, lowo abanye abawubiza ngokuthi yisikhathi sama-Israyeli loba esamaJuda. Lapho enikela ngomhlatshelo wakhe wenhlawulo, uJesu Khristu wasetshenziswa nguNkulunkulu ukusungula umumo wezinto omutsha ogoqela lebandla lamaKhristu agcotshiweyo. Lesi kwaba yisiqalo sesikhathi esitsha sezinto ezazimelwa yisivumelwano soMthetho. Okuqakatheke kakhulu kumumo wezinto lo luhlelo olwenzelwa ibandla lamaKhristu agcotshiweyo.—Mat 24:3; Mak 4:19; Rom 12:2; 1Kr 10:11.
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Umusa omkhulu.
Amabala la ajayele ukusetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngesipho somusa kumbe ukupha ngesihle. Ibala lesiGrikhi elihunyutshwe ngokuthi umusa omkhulu litsho ikakhulu lokho okwamukelekayo lokuhle. Nxa kukhulunywa ngomusa omkhulu kaNkulunkulu, liyabe lichaza isipho samahala asipha ngesihle engakhangelelanga ukubhadalwa. Ngakho ibala leli litshengisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu uyaphana lokuthi ulothando olukhulu futhi ulomusa ebantwini. Ibala lesiGrikhi elitsho “umusa omkhulu” lingahunyutshwa langokuthi “ukwamukelwa” kumbe “isipho somusa.” Isipho lesi siphiwa umuntu engasisebenzelanga njalo singamfanelanga. Usithola ngenxa nje yokuthi lowo omnikayo uyaphana.—2Kr 6:1; Efe 1:7.
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Undunankulu.
Lo kwakungummeli wenkosi loba umbusi wesabelo embusweni weBhabhiloni lasembusweni wePhesiya. Ondunankulu babebekwa yinkosi ukuthi bakhangele umbuso wayo.—Ezr 8:36; Dan 6:1.
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UNkulunkulu weqiniso.
Amabala esiHebheru u-Ha-Elohim lo-Ha-El ahunyutshwe ngokuthi “uNkulunkulu weqiniso.” Emavesini amanengi amabala la esiHebheru asetshenziswe ukwehlukanisa uJehova uNkulunkulu weqiniso kubonkulunkulu bamanga. Ngakho amabala athi “uNkulunkulu weqiniso” akukhipha kuhle okutshiwo ngamabala la esiHebheru emavesini lawo.—Gen 5:22, 24; 46:3; Dut 4:39.
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Uphawu lokuzinikela olungcwele.
Le kwakuyinsimbi yegolide ecazimulayo eyayibhalwe amabala esiHebheru athi, “Ubungcwele ngobukaJehova.” Icence leli elicazimulayo lalifakwa ebunzini eqhiyeni yomphristi omkhulu. (Eks 39:30)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B5.
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Uphawu.
Le yinto eyayisetshenziswa ukudinda futhi izikhathi ezinengi yayidinda izinto ezazenziwe ngomdaka. Yayitshengisa ukuthi ulutho ngolukabani, iqinisekise ukuthi into iliqiniso kumbe ivunyelwene. Eks 28:11; Neh 9:38; Sam 5:1; 9:4.Yayinceda lokuthi izincwadi loba ezinye izinto ezifakwe uphawu njengeminyango lamathuna kuvikeleke. Uphawu lwakudala lwalwenziwe ngento eqinileyo, kungaba lilitshe, uphondo lwendlovu kumbe ugodo futhi ngaphansi lwaludwetshiwe loba lulamabala. EMibhalweni uphawu kukhulunywa ngalo nxa kuchasiswa ukuthi okuthile kuliqiniso loba kulomnikazi kumbe ukuthi kuyimfihlo loba akumelanga kubonakale.—
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Uphondo.
Lolu luphondo lwenyamazana olwalusetshenziswa njengesitsha sokunathela loba esokufakela amafutha, i-inki lokokuzicomba. Uphondo lwalutshaywa ezingomeni loba nxa kulimukiswa abantu. (1Sa 16:1, 13; 1Am 1:39; Hez 9:2) “Uphondo” lujayele ukumela amandla lokunqoba.—Dut 33:17; Mik 4:13; Zak 1:19.
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Uqaqa.
NgesiHebheru “yiMilo” njalo ibala leli lisuka ebaleni elitsho “ukugcwalisa.” Ku-Septuagint lahunyutshwa ngokuthi “isigodlo.” Kumele ukuthi kwakuyindawo kumbe isakhiwo esasisedolobheni likaDavida. Kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi indawo le yayinjani sibili.—2Sa 5:9; 1Am 11:27.
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USathane.
Leli libala lesiHebheru elitsho ukuthi “uMphikisi.” EBhayibhilini lisetshenziswa ikakhulu nxa kukhulunywa ngoSathane uDeveli, isitha sikaNkulunkulu esikhulu.—Job 1:6; Mat 4:10; Sam 12:9.
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USuku Lokwahlulela.
Leli lilanga kumbe isikhathi lapho amaqembu, izizwe kumbe abantu bonke nje abazakwahlulelwa khona nguNkulunkulu. Kungenzakala ukuthi lesi yisikhathi lapho okuzabulawa khona labo abazagwetshelwa ukufa, futhi ukwahlulela lokhu kunganika abanye ithuba lokuthi basinde njalo bathole ukuphila okungapheliyo. UJesu Khristu labaphostoli bakhe batshengisa ukuthi ngesikhathi esizayo kuzakuba ‘loSuku Lokwahlulela’ olungasoze lube ngolwabaphilayo kuphela kodwa lolwalabo abafa kudala.—Mat 12:36.
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UThamuzi.
(1) Leli libizo likankulunkulu owayekhalelwa ngabesifazana abangamaHebheru abasebekhonza izithombe eJerusalema. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ekuqaliseni uThamuzi wayeyinkosi eyathi isifile yenziwa unkulunkulu. Emibhalweni yamaSumeri kuthiwa uThamuzi nguDumuzi. Bathi wayethandana lonkulunkulukazi wenzalo, u-Inanna owayebizwa ngokuthi ngu-Ishtar ngabaseBhabhiloni. (Hez 8:14) (2) UThamuzi libizo lenyanga yesine kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele ayeyisebenzisa esephendukile eBhabhiloni. Kwakuyinyanga yetshumi kukhalenda yokulima njalo yayiqalisela phakathi kukaJune iyephela phakathi kukaJuly.—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.
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Uthando oluqotho.
Le yindlela ibala lesiHebheru elithi cheʹsedh elijayele ukuhunyutshwa ngayo. Uthando oluqotho lwenza umuntu azinikele, athembeke, abe qotho futhi angakutshiyi loba sekutheni. Izikhathi ezinengi lisetshenziswa nxa kukhulunywa ngendlela uNkulunkulu athanda ngayo abantu kodwa liyake lisetshenziswe kukhulunywa ngokuthandana kwabantu.—Eks 34:6; Rut 3:10.
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UYufrathe.
Lo ngumfula owawuqakatheke kulayo yonke eyayiseningizimu ntshonalanga ye-Asiya futhi wawumude kulayo yonke. Ngomunye wemifula emibili emikhulu yaseMesophothamiya. Kukhulunywa ngawo okokuqala kuGenesisi 2:14 njalo ngomunye wemifula emine eyayise-Edeni. EBhayibhilini ujayele ukubizwa ngokuthi ‘ngumfula’ nje. (Gen 31:21) Wawungumngcele osenyakatho welizwe elaliphiwe ama-Israyeli.—Gen 15:18; Sam 16:12.—Khangela iSengezo ku-B2.
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UZewusi.
Lo ngunkulunkulu owayemkhulu kulabo bonke onkulunkulu ababekhonzwa ngamaGrikhi. EListra abantu bacabanga ukuthi uBhanabha wayenguZewusi. Kulemibhalo yendulo eyatholakala eduze leListra ekhuluma “ngabaphristi bakaZewusi” “langoZewusi unkulunkulu welanga.” Umkhumbi owagadwa nguPhawuli esuka esihlengeni saseMalitha wawulezithombe ezimbili “zamadodana kaZewusi” ayengamaphahla, uCastor loPollux.—Imis 14:12; 28:11.
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Zivi.
Leli libizo lokuqala lenyanga yesibili kukhalenda yamaJuda engcwele. Kwakuyinyanga yesi-8 kukhalenda yokulima. Yayiqalisela phakathi kuka-April iyephela phakathi kukaMay. Ibizwa ngokuthi ngu-Iyari emibhalweni okuthiwa yi-Jewish Talmud lakweminye eyabakhona amaJuda esephendukile eBhabhiloni. (1Am 6:37)—Khangela iSengezo ku-B15.