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Ngenkathi umqondo othi "umuntu" ugcizelela umsuka wakhe we-biosocial, "ubuntu" buhlotshaniswa kakhulu nezici zakhe zezenhlalo nezengqondo. Igama elithi "ubuntu" livela egameni lesiLatini elithi persona, elisho isifihla-buso
Amaqhawe omlando wakudala waseShayina afana nama-hieroglyphs. Okungaqondakali, kuhle futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungaqondakali. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuthi basho ukuthini, futhi akukho ukuvumelana phakathi kwabahumushi. Kodwa lezi zimpawu ziphawula "Abangafi" kunkulunkulu weTao. Ziyisi-8 sezizonke
Lizalwa kuphi iqiniso? Yiqiniso, engxabanweni. Siyazi lokhu kusukela ngesikhathi sikaSocrates nasesandleni sakhe esilula. Kodwa akuzona zonke izimpikiswano eziwusizo ngokulinganayo. Abanye bayakwazi ukumbulala. Izingxoxo zikaPlato ziyingxabano ekhiqiza iqiniso ngokucabanga okunengqondo
Ukungafinyeleli akuyona into edlula isiphazamiso, isinyathelo sengqondo kude nesihloko esicatshangelwayo, esifundwayo noma okuxoxwa ngaso, esiqhutshwa ukuze kunqunywe futhi kugqanyiswe amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu, abalulekile, izici, izici ngokujwayelekile. Ngamagama alula, lokhu kuyindlela yokuqeda ngokwengqondo okungadingekile, ukusiza ukugxila entweni eyinhloko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kokubili jikelele kanye nemininingwane
Yonke into ephilayo emhlabeni ingaphansi komjikelezo. Futhi umuntu akahlukile. Kunombono wokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuxhumene nenombolo "isikhombisa". Njalo eminyakeni eyisikhombisa, izindinganiso zakhe kanye nombono wezwe kushintsha kakhulu. Kuyoba usizo kakhulu futhi kuthakazelise ukufunda umbono onjalo
Umbhali, isazi sefilosofi kanye nothisha u-Michel de Montaigne wayephila enkathini lapho iRenaissance isivele iphela futhi neNguquko isiqalile. Wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 1533, endaweni yaseDordogne (eFrance). Kokubili impilo nemisebenzi yomuntu ocabangayo kuwuhlobo lokubonakaliswa kwalesi sikhathi "esiphakathi", phakathi kwezikhathi
Kufana ngani ukuba khona? Lo mqondo uvame ukuhlanganiswa negama elithi "ukuba". Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko kuye, okuhlanganisa ukuthi kuyisici esikhethekile sokuba, ekubeni ngokuvamile kuqondwa ngencazelo yakho konke okukhona emhlabeni. Ubukhona buyinto ehlala umuntu ngamunye. Cabangela indlela izazi zefilosofi ezikuchaza ngayo
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko kumuntu wesifazane ngisho nakokhokho bethu kwakuyikhono lokudala nokugcina ubudlelwano emphakathini. Emphakathini wasendulo wamadoda, ikhono lokuthola ukudla kanye nekhono lokuzivikela ezitheni zabo kwakungamakhono abaluleke kakhulu, amakhono omphakathi awazange asetshenziswe kabanzi
Holbach usebenzise amakhono akhe okwenza udumo nengqondo engavamile hhayi nje ukubhala izindatshana ze-Encyclopedia. Omunye wemisebenzi kaHolbach ebaluleke kakhulu kwakuyinkulumo-ze eyayibhekiswe kubuKatolika, abefundisi nenkolo nje iyonke
Imiqondo efana neqiniso neqiniso inengqikithi ehluke ngokuphelele, nakuba eminingi ingakayijwayele. Iqiniso liyazenzela futhi iqiniso liyinhloso. Umuntu ngamunye uneqiniso lomuntu siqu, angakubheka njengeqiniso elingenakuphikiswa, lapho abanye abantu bebophekile, ngokombono wakhe, ukuba bavumelane nalo
Foucault Michel uhlukile kwezinye izazi zefilosofi ngokuthi wayebheka umhlaba ngelinye iso. Uhlole izenzakalo ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe nezinkolelo zakhe, okwenza umsebenzi wakhe uthakazelise kubafundi
Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendoda, umcabango, oseqophelweni eliphezulu lefilosofi yakudala yaseJalimane. Sizokhuluma ngomsunguli odumile wemithetho ye-dialectics, owaduma ngombono wakhe oyingqayizivele ngokuphelele wezwe, okuyinto, yebo, ethuthukisa imibono yabanduleli bakhe, kodwa ibayisa ekuphakameni okumangalisayo. Uhlelo lomoya ophelele, i-absolute idealism iyingqondo yalesi sazi sefilosofi
Ukuqaphela kufanele kubhekwe njengesigaba sesibili sefilosofi esibanzi kakhulu ngemva kwendaba. UDostoevsky wayenombono wokuthi umuntu uyimfihlakalo. Ukwazi kwakhe kungabhekwa njengokungaqondakali futhi. Futhi namuhla, lapho umuntu esengene shí ezimfihlakalweni ezinezinhlangothi eziningi zokudalwa nokuthuthukiswa komhlaba, izimfihlo zobuntu bakhe obungaphakathi, ikakhulukazi, izimfihlo zokuqaphela kwakhe, ziyathakazelisa umphakathi futhi zisalokhu ziyimfihlakalo. Esihlokweni sethu sizohlaziya umqondo wokuqaphela, imvelaphi yawo, ingqikithi
Esinye sezidingo ezibalulekile zomuntu isidingo solwazi. Kuwo wonke umlando wesintu, ibilokhu ithuthukisa, yandisa ulwazi lwaso nemingcele. Inqubo yolwazi lwesayensi iyimfundo ehlelekile. Njengezici zayo eziyinhloko, kuhlukaniswa isihloko kanye nento yolwazi. Ukufingqa, singanikeza incazelo evamile yemiqondo eyisisekelo ehlobene nethiyori yolwazi
Kuyini ukujwayezwa kanye nomkhawulo wemiqondo kumqondo? Kunzima kakhulu ukuchaza lokhu kafushane, ngoba isiyalo singokwefilosofi futhi sikhanga inani elikhulu lama-nuances. Okujwayelekile kanye nemikhawulo, kanye nezinqubo zokuqaliswa kwazo, kuhlobene ncamashi nezinqubo ezinengqondo
Ingabe uyazi ukuthi umuntu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, uhluke kanjani esilwaneni? Ikhono lomsebenzi wokudala. Kuyini ubuhlakani? Yiziphi izinjongo nezinhloso zangempela zale nqubo? Yiziphi izinhlobo zemisebenzi yokudala ezikhona? Futhi ungayithola kanjani indlela yakho yokudala yomuntu siqu? Uzothola izimpendulo zayo yonke le mibuzo esihlokweni sethu
Isihloko se-athikili yethu kuzoba impilo nomsebenzi womunye wezihlakaniphi ezikhanya kakhulu e-Russia. Umuntu owaba ukhokho wohlobo oluthile lwenguquko ekuqapheleni komphakathi, ekufuneni okungokomoya kwe-intelligentsia yaseRussia, ekuqondeni ukuthi iRussia iyini emhlabeni nokuthi iyini indawo yayo. Umuntu okuyothi ngesikhathi esifanele athole izehlakalo ezihluke ngokuphelele. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngoP. Ya. Chaadaev nezincwadi zakhe zefilosofi
Ifilosofi kithi ibonakala iyisayensi yabadala abanezinwele ezimpunga, abanentshebe ende abanikele impilo yabo yonke ekufundiseni, futhi siyesaba ngisho ukusondela. Kodwa sizozama ukukutshela mayelana nama-postulates ayisisekelo ngendlela elula kakhulu. Kungazelelwe uzothola ukunambitheka futhi maduze enye indawo yesiyalo izovulelwa umhlaba, eqanjwe ngawe?
Januwari 31, 2019 kuphawula iminyaka engama-522 kwazalwa u-Philipp Melanchthon, isazi sesintu esidumile, isazi sezenkolo, uthisha kanye nomuntu ovelele kuNguquko YamaProthestani eJalimane. Ngemva kweminyaka, ochwepheshe beNguquko bavumelana ngazwi linye: bekungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kwakhe. Ngo-2018, ngo-Agasti 28, kwagujwa iminyaka engama-500 yenkulumo yakhe yokuqala eyanikezwa eNyuvesi yase-Wittenberg. Wayengumngane omkhulu kaMartin Luther kanye nomlingani wakhe oyintandokazi ohlakaniphile
Ukuba yisisekelo esiyisisekelo sefilosofi. Leli gama libhekisela eqinisweni elikhona ngombono. Akuncikile ekuqapheleni komuntu, imizwa noma intando. Ukuba kufundwa yisayensi efana ne-ontology. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuhlukahluka kwawo okuhlukene, udale umbono ongaphezulu womhlaba. Incazelo yefilosofi yenkinga yokuba, incazelo yayo, izici kanye nencazelo yazo izocatshangelwa esihlokweni
I-Hermeneutics kaSchleiermacher idinga ukunakwa okukhulu. Kufilosofi, kuyithiyori yokuqonda ukuxhumana kolimi. Ichazwa ngokuphambene, ayilingani nencazelo yayo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo, noma ukuhumusha. Sekukonke, i-hermeneutics isiyalo okufanele sibe sendawo yonke, okungukuthi, esisebenza ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izifundo
Umhlaba awushintshile. Kodwa umbono womuntu maqondana naye ungashintsha. Kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lombono, usiphendula ngemibala enjalo. Ungahlala uthola ubufakazi balokhu. Umhlaba unakho konke umuntu afuna ukukubona. Kodwa abanye bagxila kokuhle, kanti abanye bagxila kokubi. Lena impendulo yokuthi kungani umuntu ngamunye ebona umhlaba ngendlela ehlukile
Kusukela ezicini ezijwayelekile zethiyori yolwazi engeyona eyakudala, kufanele ukhumbule uhlu lwemibono esicini sefilosofi sokuba nokwenzeka kokwazi umhlaba. I-Optimism yisimo sefilosofi esiqaphela ulwazi lwezwe ngumuntu, ukungabaza kuyisimo sefilosofi esiphakamisa ukungabaza ngokuzuzwa kolwazi oluphelele. I-Agnosticism yisimo esiphika ukuthi kungenzeka ulwazi. Ake sibhekisise ukuthi iyini i-agnosticism, obani abangakholelwa kuNkulunkulu nokuthi kungani bephika ukuthi kungenzeka bazi umhlaba
Epistema (kusuka kwelesiGreek ἐπισtήun "knowledge", "science" kanye ἐπίσtauaι "ukwazi" noma "ukwazi") umqondo oyinhloko wethiyori kaMichel Foucault "yemivubukulo yolwazi", eyethulwe emsebenzini othi " Amagama nezinto. Archaeology of the Humanities" (1966). Leli yigama elidume kakhulu kufilosofi
Mhlawumbe asikho isici somqondo esijwayeleke kakhulu noma esingaqondakali kakhulu kunomqondo kanye nolwazi lwethu ngathi kanye nomhlaba. Inkinga yokwazi mhlawumbe inkinga eyinhloko yethiyori yesimanje mayelana nengqondo. Naphezu kokungabikho kwanoma iyiphi inkolelo-mbono yokuqonda okuvunyelenwe ngayo, kukhona ukuvumelana okusabalele, nakuba kungekona okomhlaba wonke, kokuthi i-akhawunti eyanele yomqondo idinga ukuqonda okucacile kwayo kanye nendawo yayo emvelweni
Igama elithi "ifilosofi" linomsuka wesiGreki. Ngokwezwi nezwi kusukela kulolu limi lihunyushwa ngokuthi phileo - "Ngiyakuthanda", futhi sophia - "ukuhlakanipha". Uma sicabangela ukuhunyushwa kokugcina kwalawa magama, kusho ikhono lokusebenzisa ulwazi lwethiyori ekusebenzeni. Okungukuthi, ngemva kokufunda okuthile, umfundi uzama ukukusebenzisa ekuphileni. Ngakho, umuntu uthola isipiliyoni
Abantu abaningi bayazi ngomzabalazo phakathi kwama-Slavophiles nabaseNtshonalanga. Mayelana nenkambo ye-pan-Slavism - futhi. Phakathi kwamagama abantu ababengamaSlavophiles futhi bakholelwa ukuthi iRussia yayihloselwe indawo yokuqala phakathi kwezifunda zaseSlavic, kukhona okuvelele - igama lososayensi, isazi sefilosofi, isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu, isazi sezitshalo, isazi sezitshalo uNikolai Yakovlevich Danilevsky. Encwadini yethu - indaba ngempilo yakhe kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi
Iyini incazelo yempilo yomuntu? Abantu abaningi ngaso sonke isikhathi babecabanga ngalo mbuzo. Kwabanye, inkinga yencazelo yokuphila komuntu ayikho nhlobo, umuntu ubona ingqikithi yokuba semali, othile - ezinganeni, othile - emsebenzini, njll. Ngokwemvelo, ama-greats aleli zwe nawo adidekile ngalo mbuzo: ababhali, izazi zefilosofi, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo. Banikela iminyaka kulokhu, babhala izindatshana, bafunda imisebenzi yabanduleli babo, njll. Bathini ngalokhu?
Omunye umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi komuntu nezilwane ubukhona besimo sengqondo sokuqaphela iqiniso, kanye nesiqalo sokudala nesokudala, ingokomoya, isimilo. Akwanele nganoma yimuphi umuntu ukwanelisa izidingo zakhe zomzimba kuphela. Ukuba nokuqonda, imizwa, ukuhlakanipha kanye nentando, umuntu waba nesithakazelo ngokwengeziwe ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene zefilosofi, kuhlanganise nenkinga yamagugu, izinhlobo zawo, incazelo yena kanye nomphakathi, isintu sisonke
Impilo ayilungile. Abantu abaningi bayavumelana nalesi sitatimende. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka, ake sizame ukuqonda indaba ye-athikili
Friedrich Engels (iminyaka yokuphila 1820-1895) wazalelwa edolobheni laseBarmen. Kuleli dolobha, waya esikoleni waze waba neminyaka engu-14, wabe eseya e-Elberfeld gymnasium. Ngokuphikelela kukayise, ngo-1837 washiya izifundo zakhe waqala ukusebenza enkampanini yokuhweba yomndeni
UKarl Marx isazi sefilosofi saseJalimane esivelele sekhulu le-19, imisebenzi yakhe yaba nomthelela omkhulu ezehlakalweni zezombusazwe ezathuthukiswa eRussia ekhulwini lama-20
Philo wase-Alexandria (umJuda) - isazi sezenkolo nesihlakaniphi sezenkolo, owayehlala e-Alexandria kusukela ngonyaka wama-25 BC. e. kuya ku-50 AD e. Wayemelela ubuGreki bamaJuda, isikhungo sabo ngaleso sikhathi esasise-Alexandria. Waba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwayo yonke imfundiso yenkolo. Waziwa kabanzi njengomdali wemfundiso ye-Logos. Sizokhuluma ngemfundiso yefilosofi yalo mcabango kulesi sihloko
Izici ezinhle zingaba amadazini, uma kungewona amakhulu. Kodwa kuyaqabukela zonke izimfanelo zingahlanganiswa kumuntu oyedwa. Izici zomlingiswa zabesifazane nabesilisa zihlukile. Kungokwemvelo ukuba owesilisa abe nesifiso esinamandla futhi aqine, kodwa kowesifazane, umusa nobufazi kungcono
Heidegger Martin (iminyaka yokuphila - 1889-1976) ungomunye wabasunguli bendlela yefilosofi efana ne-German existentialism. Wazalwa ngo-1889, ngo-September 26, e-Messkirche
Amakhulu amakhasi, izindatshana, izincwadi ezibhaliwe mayelana nezingozi zokukhathazeka kwaphakade kanye nezinzuzo zokuhleka. Nokho, sihlala siqiniseka ukuthi umuntu oqotho kuphela ongaphumelela. Ohamba ngesudi yakudala, uhlezi ehlanzekile, egqoke izibuko, uhamba ngemoto yangaphandle ebizayo, akaphuzi futhi akadlali isilima
Ingabe owesifazane wekhulunyaka lama-21 kufanele agcine indima yokuba umenzi wekhaya, noma insalela yesikhathi esedlule? Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi izindima zowesifazane webhizinisi ophumelelayo kanye nentombazane "yasekhaya" iyahambisana impela
Kubonakala sengathi umuntu ngamunye unephiramidi yakhe yezimiso ezidalwe kukho konke ukuphila. Eqinisweni, ibekwa ebuntwaneni. Ulwazi olutholwa ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 luya ngqo ku-subconscious. Lokhu kuyasebenza nasezindinganisweni zokuziphatha ezitholwa izingane ngokubuka izenzo zabazali bazo nokulalela izingxoxo zabo. I-Ethics ingumqondo wakudala kakhulu futhi isho isayensi ecwaninga izenzo zabantu, izinkambiso zokuziphatha kwabo, izimfanelo zabo zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha
Impilo ibambeke kuwebhu yesimilo, futhi singahlosile sizithola "siyizisulu" zesidalwa esingaqondakali. Kuwo wonke amagumbi, ukukhetha kokuziphatha kunikezwa ngokuyimfihlo. Siseshalofini lezinkinga zokuqhathanisa izintengo zephutha. Futhi njengoba sidalelwe ukugxila ekuziphatheni okuhle okumomothekayo, ake siqale sihlolisise, ingabe lokhu kumomotheka okumnandi akufani nokugibitheka kwempisi?
Isihloko sethu sizokutshela ukuthi yimiphi imikhakha yempilo yomphakathi ehlukaniswe namuhla nokuthi ikuphi ukuxhumana okukhona phakathi kwayo


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Ikhaya Leholide Le-Bendres-Karla-Igumbi Lombhede No: 10
Ikamelo e-iyunithi yokuqasha ibungazwe ngu-Monica
- Izivakashi ezingu- 3
- ikamelo lokulala 1
- umbhede ongu-1
- Igumbi lokugeza langasese eliyi-1
Ukuzingenela
Ungangena ngomlindi.
Ngena ngaphakathi
Le ngenye yezindawo ezimbalwa endaweni ene-pool.
Ukukhansela kwamahhala ngaphambi komhla ka-Nov 3.
Konke ukubhukha kuhlanganisa isivikelo samahhala sokukhansela koMbungazi, ukunganembi kwemininingwane yendlu, nezinye izinkinga ezinjengobunzima bokungena.
Eminye imininingwane ihunyushwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Lapho uzolala khona
Lokho ozokuthola kule ndawo
Ukubuka ingadi
Ukubukeka kwe-resort
Ikhishi
I-Wifi
Ukupaka mahhala ngaphakathi endaweni
Indawo yokubhukuda
Izilwane ezifuyiwe zivunyelwe
Amakhamera ezokuvikeleka endlini
Ayitholakali: i- I-alamu ye-carbon monoxide
Ayitholakali: i- I-alamu yesimoko
ukubukeza okuyi-1
Lapho uzobe ukhona
Karla, Maharashtra, i-India
I am a sales and marketing manager at Bendre's Holiday Home. I am a haspitality sales professional with 20 years experience working with 4 & 5 star hotels
Phakathi nokuhlala kwakho
Sivakashi esithandekayo,
Siyakwamukela endaweni yethu. Ngikufisela ukuhlala okujabulisayo nokujabulisayo Ekhaya lethu Lamaholide. Angitholakali kule ndawo kodwa sinomnakekeli, uMnu. Dinesh Garwad otholakala kule ndawo. Uzokuhlola futhi akusize. Uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo nanoma yiluphi usizo ngicela ungangabazi ukungithinta ngomakhalekhukhwini wami noma nge-e-mail. Ngihlala ngitholakala ngesikhathi sasemini kusukela ngo-10AM kuya ku-6PM.
Ozithobayo
UMonica Wagh
Siyakwamukela endaweni yethu. Ngikufisela ukuhlala okujabulisayo nokujabulisayo Ekhaya lethu Lamaholide. Angitholakali kule ndawo kodwa sinomnakekeli, uMnu. Dinesh Garwad otholakala kule ndawo. Uzokuhlola futhi akusize. Uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo nanoma yiluphi usizo ngicela ungangabazi ukungithinta ngomakhalekhukhwini wami noma nge-e-mail. Ngihlala ngitholakala ngesikhathi sasemini kusukela ngo-10AM kuya ku-6PM.
Ozithobayo
UMonica Wagh
Sivakashi esithandekayo,
Siyakwamukela endaweni yethu. Ngikufisela ukuhlala okujabulisayo nokujabulisayo Ekhaya lethu Lamaholide. Angitholakali kule ndawo kodwa sinomnak…
Siyakwamukela endaweni yethu. Ngikufisela ukuhlala okujabulisayo nokujabulisayo Ekhaya lethu Lamaholide. Angitholakali kule ndawo kodwa sinomnak…
- Izilimi: English, हिन्दी
Ukuze uvikele ukukhokha kwakho, ungalokothi uthumele imali noma uxhumane nabantu ngaphandle kwewebhusayithi ye-Airbnb noma i-app.
Izinto okufanele uzazi
Imithetho yendlu
Ngena: Ngemva kwalokho 12:00
Isikhathi sokuphuma: 11:00
Ukuzingenela nge abasebenzi bezindlu
Akubhenywa
Izilwane ezifuywayo zivunyelwe
Ezempilo & ukuphepha
Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-COVID-19 ze-Airbnb ziyasebenza
Asikho isiqwashisi se-carbon monoxide
Asikho isiqwashisi sentuthu
Ikhamera yokuphepha/idivayisi yokuqopha Veza okwengeziwe

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
Ugwayi
Ugwayi igama elivamile izitshalo ezimbalwa Nicotiana bohlobo we Solanaceae umndeni, kanye ligama lelivamile yimuphi umkhiqizo okulungiselelwe kusukela belashwa amahlamvu kulezi izitshalo.Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-70 zikagwayi ziyaziwa, kodwa isivuno esikhulu sokuhweba yi-  N  . tabacum. Ukwahluka okunamandla kakhudlwana  N. rustica  kuyasetshenziswa nakwamanye amazwe.
Amaqabunga kagwayi omisiwe asetshenziselwa ukubhema osikilidi nogwayi, kanye namapayipi kanye nama- shisha.Zingasetshenziswa njenge- snuff, ugwayi ohlafunwayo, ukucuba ugwayi kanye nesnus.
Ugwayi liqukethe kakhulu umlutha ivuselela alkaloid -nicotine kanye alkaloids harmala Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kuyimbangela noma ingozi engozini yezifo eziningi ezibulalayo; ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta inhliziyo, isibindi, namaphaphu, kanye nomdlavuza eminingi .Ngo-2008, i- World Health Organisation yabiza ukusetshenziswa kogwayi njengenye yezimbangela zokufa ezivikelwa kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Igama lesiNgisi elithi ugwayi lisuselwa egameni lesiSpanish nelesiPutukezi elithi "tabaco".Imvelaphi eqondile yaleli gama iyaphikiswa, kepha ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi ithathwe, okungenani ngokwengxenye, kusuka eTaíno, ulimi lwase- Arawakan lwaseCaribbean.ETaíno, kwathiwa kushiwo umqulu wamaqabunga kagwayi (ngokusho kukaBartolomé de las Casas, 1552), noma ku- tabago, uhlobo lwepayipi elimise okwe -L elisetshenziselwa ukuhogela intuthu kagwayi (ngokusho kuka-Oviedo, namaqabunga uqobo okukhulunywa ngakho njenge- cohiba ).[1]
Kodwa-ke, mhlawumbe kwaqondana nje, amagama afanayo ngeSpanishi, isiPutukezi kanye nesiNtaliyane asetshenziswa kusuka ku-1410 ukuthola amakhambi athile okwelapha.Lezi kungenzeka lisukela Arabhu طُبّاق ṭubbāq (futhi طُباق ṭubāq ), igama elibikwa ukuthi langekhulu le-9, elibhekisa kumakhambi ahlukahlukene. [2]
UmlandoEdit
Ukusetshenziswa kwendabukoEdit
Ugwayi sekuyisikhathi eside usetshenziswa emazweni aseMelika, kunezindawo ezithile zokulima eMexico ezisukela emuva ngonyaka we-1400-1000 BCE. [3]Izizwe eziningi zomdabu waseMelika ngokwesiko zitshala futhi zisebenzise ugwayi.Ngokomlando, abantu abavela emasikweni aseNyakatho -mpumalanga yeWoodlands baye bathwala ugwayi emaphaketheni njengento yokuhweba eyamukelwa kalula.Kwabhenwa kokubili emphakathini nasemikhosini, njengokufaka isivumelwano sokuthula noma isivumelwano sokuhweba. [4] [5]Kwamanye amasiko aboMdabu, ugwayi uthathwa njengesipho esivela kuMdali, lapho intuthu kagwayi eyimikhosi ihambisa imicabango nemikhuleko kuMdali. [6]
UkuthandwaEdit
Ukukhiqizwa kukagwayi wokubhema, ukuhlafuna, nokuhogela isinemfu kwaba imboni enkulu eYurophu nasemakoloni ayo ngonyaka we-1700. [7] [8]
Ugwayi ube yisilimo esikhulu semali eCuba nakwezinye izingxenye zeCaribbean kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Ama-cigar aseCuba adume umhlaba wonke. [9]
Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka, ugwayi waduma. UJames Bonsack wasungula umshini wokuzenzela ukukhiqizwa kogwayi.Lokhu kwanda komkhiqizo kwavumela ukukhula okukhulu embonini kagwayi kuze kube ukuvela kwezempilo ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. [10] [11]
OkwamanjeEdit
Ngemuva kokudalulwa kwesayensi maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ugwayi wagwetshwa njengengozi yezempilo, futhi ekugcineni waziwa njengembangela yomdlavuza, kanye nezinye izifo zokuphefumula nezokujikeleza kwegazi.E-United States, lokhu kwaholela esivumelwaneni seTobacco Master Settlement Agreement, esaxazulula amacala amaningi asezweni laseMelika ngokushintshanisa ngokuhlanganiswa kwemali ekhokhwa minyaka yonke ezifundazweni kanye nemikhawulo yokuzithandela yokukhangisa nokumaketha kwemikhiqizo kagwayi.Template:Ifsubst
Ngawo-1970, uBrown & Williamson bahlanganisa uhlobo lukagwayi ukuze bakhiqize i- Y1, uhlobo oluqukethe okuqukethwe kwe-nicotine ephezulu ngokungajwayelekile, cishe okuphindwe kabili kusuka ku-3.2-3.5% kuya ku-6.5%.Ngawo-1990, lokhu kwagqugquzela abakwaFood and Drug Administration ukuthi basho ukuthi izinkampani zikagwayi zazisebenzisa ngenhloso okuqukethwe ugwayi.
Isifiso sababhemayo abaningi ababhemayo sokuyeka ukubhema siholele ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo yokuyeka ugwayi. [12]
Ngo-2003, ngenxa yokukhula kokusetshenziswa kukagwayi emazweni asathuthuka, i-World Health Organisation yahlanganisa ngempumelelo amazwe ayi-168 ukuthi asayine i-Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.Isivumelwano senzelwe ukuphoqa ukuthi umthetho usebenze kahle kuwo wonke amazwe ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi kagwayi.
Phakathi kuka-2019 no-2021, ukukhathazeka ngokunyuka kwezingozi zezempilo ze-COVID-19 ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kukagwayi kwasiza ukunciphisa ukubhema nokuyeka. [13]
IbhayolojiEdit
UNicotianaEdit
Izinhlobo eziningi zikagwayi zisezinhlotsheni zamakhambi uNicotiana .Kuyinto ingxenye nightshade umndeni ( Solanaceae ) zendabuko North futhi i-Ningizimu Melika, e-Australia, eningizimu ntshonalanga Afrika, kanye naseNingizimu Pacific. [14]
Ama-nightshades amaningi aqukethe inani elihlukahlukene le- nicotine, i- neurotoxin enamandla ezinambuzaneni .Kodwa-ke, ama-tobaccos athanda ukuba ne-nicotine ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo eminye.Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zeSolanaceae, aqukethe ama-tropane alkaloids, avame ukuba nobuthi kubantu nakwezinye izilwane.
Yize iqukethe i-nicotine eyanele namanye amakhemikhali afana ne- germacrene ne- anabasine namanye ama- alkaloid e-piperidine (ahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo) ukuvimbela imifino eminingi edliwayo,izilwane eziningi ezinjalo ziguqule ikhono lokudla izinhlobo zezinhlobo zeNicotiana ngaphandle kokulimala.Yize kunjalo, ugwayi awunambitheki ezinhlotsheni eziningi ngenxa yezinye izici zalo.Isibonelo, yize iklabishi looper iyisilokazane esijwayelekile, i-gummosis kagwayi nama-trichomes kungalimaza ukusinda kwezibungu zakuqala. [15]Ngenxa yalokhu, ezinye izitshalo zikagwayi (ikakhulukazi iN. Glauca ) sezakhiwe njengokhula oluhlaselayo kwezinye izindawo.
UkukhangisaEdit
Imboni kagwayi ikhangisa imikhiqizo yayo ngezinhlobonhlobo zezindaba, okubandakanya ukuxhaswa, ikakhulukazi ngemicimbi yezemidlalo.Ngenxa yobungozi bezempilo bale mikhiqizo, manje lokhu kungenye yezindlela zokulawula ezilawulwa kakhulu.Ezinye noma zonke izinhlobo zokukhangisa ngogwayi zivinjelwe emazweni amaningi.
IzinkombaEdit
Izixhumanisi zangaphandleEdit
- Inhlangano Yamazwe Ngamazwe Abalimi Bakagwayi
- Ishidi Lezitshalo Zokulondolozwa Kwemvelo Yemvelo - Ugwayi wasendle
- Ottoman Back Archives and Research Center
- Imibuzo ngokuvinjelwa okuyingxenye kwe-European Union kweminye imikhiqizo kagwayi engenantuthu ( ie snus)
- Isikhathi somlando kagwayi
- Iwebhusayithi yabalimi bakagwayi baseYurophu Archived 2011-11-29 at the Wayback Machine.
- Umtapo Wezincwadi Zelifa Likagwayi
- Iqoqo le-UCSF Lezimboni Zogwayi
- CDC - Ukubhema Nogwayi Ishidi Leqiniso
- I-TobReg - Iqembu Lokufunda le-WHO mayelana Nokulawulwa Komkhiqizo Wogwayi
- - Izibalo nolwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nemiphumela yokubhema ugwayi
- Ososayensi Bacinga Ukusetshenziswa Okunempilo Kogwayi
- Charlton A. "Medicinal uses of tobacco in history". J R Soc Med 97 (6): 292–6. doi:10.1258/jrsm.97.6.292.
- ↑ On the etymology of the word tobacco. https://zenodo.org/record/1448956.
- ↑ Lane's Lexicon. page 1879.
- ↑ Goodman, Jordan.
- ↑ e.g.
- ↑ "They smoke with excessive eagerness ... men, women, girls and boys, all find their keenest pleasure in this way."
- ↑ Jack Jacob Gottsegen, Tobacco: A Study of Its Consumption in the United States, 1940, p. 107.
- ↑ Eric Burns, The Smoke of the Gods: A Social History of Tobacco (2006), A popular history focused on the US.
- ↑ Jordan Goodman, Tobacco in History: The Cultures of Dependence (1993), A scholarly history worldwide.
- ↑ Charlotte Cosner, The Golden Leaf: How Tobacco Shaped Cuba and the Atlantic World (Vanderbilt University Press; 2015)
- ↑ Richard Kluger, Ashes to Ashes: America's Hundred-Year Cigarette War (1996)
- ↑ Allan Brandt, The Cigarette Century: The Rise, Fall, and Deadly Persistence of the Product That Defined America (2007)
- ↑ Commissioner, Office of the (2020-09-09). "Want to Quit Smoking? FDA-Approved Products Can Help" (in en). FDA. https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/want-quit-smoking-fda-approved-products-can-help.
- ↑ Yang, Haiyang (2021-08-01). "How the COVID-19 pandemic impacts tobacco addiction: Changes in smoking behavior and associations with well-being". Addictive Behaviors 119: 106917. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106917.
- ↑ Lewis, Albert (1931). "Tobacco in New Guinea". The American Anthropologist 33 (1): 134–139. doi:10.1525/aa.1931.33.1.02a00290.
- ↑ . December 1, 1967.


text:
Lungani Zungu
Kubukeka sengathi umoya wokuhlubuka kukanobhala-jikelele we-ANC osamisiwe u-Ace Magashule usudlulele kubantu abebemeseka.
“Ngeke ngihoxe eceleni njengelungu lesiShayamthetho. Ngimsulwa kuze kube ngitholwa ngingenacala,” kusho lowo owayeyiMeya yeTheku uZandile Gumede, oseyilungu lesiShayamthetho sesifundazwe saseKZN.
“Akekho umuntu ozongisusa ngenxa yamacala angasho lutho,” kusho yena.
Leli yisu elifanayo u-Ace Magashule alisebenzisayo ukubuyela emsebenzini wakhe ngokugcwele eLuthuli House.
UGumede ubengomunye wabaholi be-ANC obekulindeleke ukuthi bahoxiswe eceleni ngokuhambisana nenqubomgomo ye-ANC yokubeka eceleni izikhulu zeqembu ezikhohlakele.
Ubhekene namacala enkohlakalo nokukhwabanisa kwethenda engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-R430 yaseThekwini Waste Solid eyakhishwa ngesikhathi eyiMeya yeTheku.
UGumede kulindeleke ukuthi angenele isikhundla sokuba nguSihlalo wesifunda saseThekwini uma i-ANC isibambe ingqungquthela yayo yesifunda ngaphambi kokhetho lohulumeni basekhaya mhla zingama-27 kuMfumfu.
Udaba lukaMagashule luzolalelwa eNkantolo eNkulu yase-South Gauteng mhla zi-1 kuNhlangulana.
Uzomelwa ngu-Advocate uDali Mpofu.
Omunye umsekeli oqotho kaMagashule, owayenguNdunankulu wase-North West, uSupra Mahumapelo, ulwela ukuthi kuguqulwe ukumiswa kwakhe eqenjini iminyaka emihlanu.
“Ngiyilungu le-ANC elisesimeni esihle. Ngeke ngivumele iqembu lingixoshe. I-ANC yikhaya lami,” kusho yena.
Ilungu lePhalamende le-ANC futhi elingusihlalo wekomidi elibhekele ezokuvakasha litshele i-Scrolla.Africa ukuthi uSupra uzolwela ukuthi ukumiswa kwakhe kubekwe eceleni.
USupra wamiswa ngemuva kokubamba umhlangano ngesikhathi sokhetho lokuchibiyela e-North West ngonyaka odlule.
e-Belhar ngaphandle kwaseKapa.


text:
Gxila endaweni ephephile& I-Green World enesipiliyoni seminyaka eyi-15 embonini yezokuphepha ye-CCTV
Ngo-2015, i-LSVISION ithole iziqu ze-"National High-tech Enterprise" kanye "ne-Shenzhen High-tech Enterprise". sinikezwe isitifiketi se-ISO9001-2015 empahla yobuhlakani kanye nesitifiketi se-TUV saseJalimane. Siyilungu le-Shenzhen Intelligent Security Association futhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Sinamalungelo okushicilela esoftware yethu "yamalungelo obunikazi bokudizayina" kanye "nokuhlaziya okuhlakaniphile, ukuqashelwa kobuso, imikhiqizo ye-4G, njll."
Kulolu hambo lonke, imikhiqizo yethu ithengiswe emazweni angaphezu kwe-100 emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ithole ukutuswa okuningi nokuvumela okuvela kumakhasimende. Njengebhizinisi, umgomo wethu uwukunikeza inani elithe xaxa kubo bonke ozakwethu. Isiqubulo sethu sithi: Ukuhlakanipha kwenza umhlaba uphephe.
I-Core Vaule: Ikhwalithi. Ukuqamba. Ukuzinikela
Ukuhlakanipha kwenza umhlaba uphephe
Siyabonga ngokuseseka kwakho nokwethenjwa kwe-LSVISION, besilindele sibambene ngezandla ukubambisana nawe ukwenza umhlaba uphephe futhi nesintu sibe ngcono!
IWest Side Of Floor 6, Building 7, Longbi Industrial City, Longbi Industrial Zone, Bantian Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
Copyright © 2021 Shenzhen LSVISION Technology Co., Ltd. Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe.


text: Lo mshini usetshenziselwa i-roll primary color color noma iphepha lokuphrinta elifana nephepha le-kraft.Amaroli wephepha afana nephepha lokudla agcwaliswa yilo mshini ngesikhathi esisodwa.I-automatic center gluing, impahla eluhlaza ibe yithubhu, isikwe ngobude, ukuhlehlisa phansi, ukugoqa phansi.Namathisela phansi futhi ulolonge phansi kwesikhwama.Ukuqedwa kwesikhwama esiqediwe kuqedwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.Lo mshini kulula kakhulu ukusebenza, usebenza kahle futhi uzinzile.Kungumshini womshini wesikhwama sephepha ohambisana nemvelo okhiqiza izikhwama zephepha ezihlukahlukene, izikhwama zokudla okulula, izikhwama zesinkwa, izikhwama zezithelo ezomisiwe, njll.


text:
Alupheli uzungu olwakhelwa elaseDemocratic Republic of Congo
UNgubane ungungoti wezindaba ezimayelana ne-Afrika nezokubusa.
Eminyakeni engama-59 edlule mhla zili-17 kuMasingana uzungu olwakhiwa ngabathize, lwadala ukuba izakhamuzi zaseDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC), izwekazi lonkana, namafelandawonye obulungiswa emhlabeni jikelele, balahlekelwe umholi okwakusabhekwe olukhulu ngaye, uPatrice Lumumba. ULumumba wabulawa ngesihluku kungakapheli ngisho eziyisi-6 izinyanga aqokelwa isikhundla sokuba nguNdunankulu waleli lizwe elaselithole inkululeko kwelaseBelgium ngowe-1960. ULumumba, owayeyingxenye yezishoshovu ezazilwela inkululeko yeDRC kwaba nguye kuphela kubo bonke owazithola esengcindezini eyayiqhamuka emazweni aseNyakatho.
Izinkulumo namazwi akhe ayehlaba kwephukele kwawasenyakatho, negalelo lakhe ekumiseni isibindi kwizakhamuzi zaseCongo ukuze zibone isidingo nokubaluleka kokuzimela, lalifaka itwetwe kwabaningi. Ukwesatshwa kwakhe ngongqozi ayenalo ukufeza ngokugcwele eyenkululeko kubonakala ngokuthi uzungu lokumusoconga aluthathanga isikhathi eside. Ababenehloso yokuba leli lizwe lingakhululeki noma seliyitholilie ‘inkululeko’ baphuthuma bamubulala engakwazi ngisho ukukhombisa ukuthi wayeyoba umholi oqotho yini noma cha ekuhambeni kwesikhathi eCongo.
Noma ngabe umlando ukhombisa futhi seyandile nemibhalo eqinisekisa ukuthi yisandla samazwe angaphandle esabulala uLumumba; okungeke kubalekelwe ngukuthi abakhapheli balesi shoshovu, nokuyibo abenza kubelula ukuthi abulawe yilabo ayeyingxenye nabo kweyomuzabalazo wokukhulula leli lizwe. Bathathu ababengabaholi ababalekayo kwiziwombe ezavela emveni kokuba lelizwe likhululekile ngoNhlangulana we-1960, kuze kufinyelele ekubulaweni kukaLumumba. Owokuqala uKasavubu, owabe eqokelwe isikhundla sokuba uMengameli ngowe-1960.
Kungakapheli maseko uHulumeni omusha uqokiwe, kwasuka imibhikisho emadolobheni ehlukene ezweni, eyadala ukuthi iBelgium ithumele amasotsha ukuvikela izakhamuzi zayo, ne-United Nations (UN) yathumela amasotsha ayezoqapha isimo kodwa engenamvume yokweseka uHulumeni omusha. Lokhu kwaphoqa uLumumba ukuba acele usizo kwelaseRussia neyavuma okwadala ukuba uKasavubu, njengoMengameli ehlise uLumumbu esikhundleni sokuba nguNdunankulu.
Lesi sinqumo sikaKasavubu sacijisa imikhonto eyabe isivele isilolelwe uLumumba ngabathize. Owesibili uMoïse Tshombe, owayephumelele ukhetho lokuba uMengameli wesifundazwe iKatanga. UTshombe, kwathi nxa engavumelani nezinqumo zikaLumumba zokuqoka oNgqongqoshe bakaHulumeni, wadalula ukuthi iKatanga, nokuyisifundazwe esimumethe umnotho wezimbiwa eDRC, isizoba yizwe elizimele.
Ukuze akwazi ukusimela lesi sinqumo, wacela usizo kwelaseBelgium, neyavuma, okwadala ukuba uLumumba amgxeke wathi uthengisa ngomhlaba obesekuthiwa usubuyile. Lesi sinyathelo sikaTshombe, njengaso esikaKasavubu, saqinisa amatulo ezifiki okuthi agadle kuLumumba. Owesithathu uMobutu Sese Seko, owayeqokwe nguKasavubu kanye noLumumba ukuba abe nguMkhuzi wempi kaHulumeni omusha. Kwathi ngesikhathi ixovene phakathi kukaTshombe noLumumba, uMobutu wase ethola intuba yokugaqela esinye isikhundla. Kunokuba agcine ngokuba umkhuzi wamasotsha, wadalula kumazwe omhlaba ukuthi izintambo zombuso seziphethwe nguye, ayisekho eka Kasavuku noLumumba. ULumumba waqhubeka wazama ngakho konke ukuphikisa isinqumo sikaMobutu, nokuvimba uKasavubu ukuba abuyele esikhundleni, kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya ngoba kungekho ndlela yokuthola abaseki, ngaphakathi ezweni noma ngaphandle.
Akupholanga maseko, emveni kokuba uMobutu ezibeke esikhundleni ngoMandulo we-1960, kwavela ukuthi lesi sishoshovu uLumumba sesibulewe ekuqaleni kowe-1961. Akugcizelelwe ukuthi abangaphandle abaqinisekisa ukubulawa kukaLumuba kepha ukwehluleka kwalabaholi ababeqavile eDRC ukubona ngaso linye, namatulo okuphikisa okaLumumba nokungamuvumeli ukuba asebenzise isikhundla ayeqokelwe sona ukwakha izwe kwaba nomthelela ekutheni abulawe.
Lolu zungu’ lwangaphambili kuseyinto esaqhubeka nanamuhla, nalapho abaholi baseDRC begxila kulokho abangakuzuza kepha bangayigqizi qakala eyezakhamuzi, nalapho amazwe angomakhelwane kanye nawaseNyakatho esazigwazela ibhece kuleli lizwe nalithatha njengenkundla yokuzenzela noma yini.
Kukhulunywa nje, emveni kweminyaka uLumumba abulawa, iphupho lakhe lokubona iDRC enokuthula, ekwazi ukuphucula impilo yezakhamuzi, nesebenzisa umnotho wayo ukudlondlobalisa izwe, alikafezeki. Kepha, njengoba kwenzeka ngaphambili, asaqhubeka amatulo okuqola lelizwe ngalokho elinakho. Isifundazwe esiseMpumalanga yezwe nesifaka iKatanga, sisalokhu singumhume wabaphangi bombuso abaqhamuka ngaphakathi ezweni kanye namazwe angomakhelwane. Isibonole, yiqembu elibizwa nge-Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) elizinze kulesi sifundazwe nokuliyo elisolwa ngokubulala izakhamuzi ezevile kuma-23 ngesihluku esinyantisa igazi kuZibandlela nyakenye.
I-ADF, ingenye yabavukelimbuso abazicanaselayo eDRC, kodwa kube sekwaphela iminyaka amazwe ehlukene ngaphansi kwe-United Nations (UN) kanye ne-African Union (AU) athumela amasotsha ukuyoqapha isimo kulesi sifundazwe. Ngokwe-UN, inani lalabo abajutshwe kulesi sifundazwe ngenhloso yokwakha ukuthula libalelwa ezi-20,039, elihlanganisa amasotsha ayizi-15,098.
Leli nani elingaka lamasotsha naqhamuka emazweni ehlukene, nosekuphele iminyaka eyevile kweli-10 ajutshwa, awakakwazi ukufeza lokhu ayekuthunyiwe. Kunalokho, kulokhu kuthiwa isimo kulesi sifundazwe siyimpicabadala edinga ubuchule ukuze sixazululeke. Bathi bekhuluma lokho, bese kuyaxaka ukuthi lo mnotho wezimbiwa osabalele kulesi sifundazwe wona ‘awuphazamiseki’ ngoba izinkampani ezahlukene, zesekwa ngoHulumeni bazo ziyakwazi ukumba bese ziphuma nezikutholayo.
Ukube ngempela isimo saseDRC siyinkinga kangako, ngabe ayikho imboni eqoka ukutshala imali yayo khona. Ngamanye amazwi, izakhamuzi zaseDRC zisashaywa ngemfe iphindiwe; ngoba bakhona abazuzayo ngalezinxushunxushu okuthiwa zothatha iminyaka ukuthola isisombululo.


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Umlando ngesibongo sakwaNkanyana.
Lo mlando ucashunwe encwadini ka Senzo Mbatha esihloko sithi “Ziphuma eGuleni” .
Kuloba INtungwa Lasenhla KwaSokhumalo.
Abantu bakwaNkwanyana baphuma kubantu bakwaNdwandwe ,esibathola endulo bakhe lapho sekukwaNongoma khona namuhla. Namuhla sibathola bezinze endaweni yabo yaseMankwanyaneni, ngaphesheya koMvoti. Laba bantu baphuma kubantu bakwaNdwandwe ,kwaNongoma . Empeleni uNongoma wabe uyigama leminye yemizi yenkosi uZwide . Eminye imizi yenkosi uZwide ,kwakuseKuqobokeni, kwaLindizwe, eManyandane, eMpungakazi, kwaNdwalaza , kwaDlovunga kanye neminye. Njengoba abantu bakwaNkwanyana bephuma kwabakwaNdwandwe nje – lokho kuchaza ukuthi basekanye nabakwaNxumalo, abakwaMasuku, abakwaSithebe ,abakwaWela abakwaMkhatshwa , kanye nabanye . BangaBambo Nguni ngokwezigaba zabaNguni . Umuntu esiqala ukuzwa ngaye kulaba bantu bakwaNkwanyana nguMtoboza ,owayezalwa kwaNdwandwe. UMtoboza wazala uSomgcizo owazala uMhlekisana . UMtoboza wagcina eshiyile kwaNdwandwe ,waphikelela lapho sekuseNkandla khona namuhla. Ngenxa yezimpi ezazidlange kakhulu endulo, ingxenye enkulu yabantu bakwaNkwanyana yagcina ifudukele ngaseMvoti. Umuntu owagqama kakhulu kulesi sibongo sakwaNkwanyana nguMathunjana ka Sixaba, owaphephisa uMntwana uMpande ekusocongweni yiSilo uDingane. Kuthiwa le nsizwa yakwaNkwanyana yayikhulele kwaBulawayo ,ngaseNdlayangubo,ikhuliswa yiSilo uShaka, iLembe. Kuthiwa kwathi emuva kwempi yaseNcome eyalwa mhlaka 16 Zibandlela 1838,okuyimpi uZulu ayilwa namaBhunu, iSilo uDingane sathumela kuMntwana ukuba makalethe ibutho uHlomendlini ukuze azoqinisa impi yakhe. Kuthiwa uMntwana uMpande wenqana ukukwenza lokho. Kuthiwa sathukuthela sathelwa ngamanzi iSilo saseMgungundlovu ngesenzo soMtwana uMpande sokwenqaba nebutho. Sasesicabanga isu lokumsoconga uMntwana uMpande. Sabe sesithumela umqeku wezithole ukuba asenge,adle naBantabakhe eMlambongwenya. Kanti yisife, sicuphile iSilo saseMgungundlovu. Sicuphe ukuthi kuzothi lapho uMntwana uMpande esezobonga lezo nkomo ,ebese siyambulala. NguMathunjana ka Sixaba Nkwanyana owahola ithimba elaqhuba izinkomo liphekelele nazo eMlambongwenya, lithunywe yisona iSilo saseMgungundlovu.Kuthiwa uMntwana uMpande waphunyuka kuleso sife ngokuncinzwa nguNdlela ka Sompisi( uNdunankula ka Zulu wangaleso sikhathi) owathumela izwi ngabo labo ababeziqhuba lezo zinkomo , oMathunjana, ukuba bafike babikele uMntwana uMpande ukuthi angalokothi azobonga ngoba uzofike asocongwe. Wathi makawelele kweliphesheya koThukela eMabhunwini ayobhaca khona. Ngempela wakwenza lokho uMntwana ,wawelela eMabhunwini. Kwathi ngoMasingana 1840 kwaqubuka impi enkulu eyabe iphakathi kukaZulu ngaphansi kweSilo uDingane, noMntwana uMpande . Kuleyo mpi uMntwana uMpande wawudla umhlanganiso,kwaba wukulibisa kwakhe elakwaZulu. ISilo uMpande sathi sesihlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi saklomelisa uMathunjana eShowe ,eNgudwini . Wagcina esengesinye sezikhulu zeSilo uMpande kwaNodwengu. Ubukhosiwanyana buseMankwanyaneni ,ngaphesheya koMvoti .
IZITHAKAZELO ZAKWA-NKWANYANA⬇
Donda
Makhanda!
Myekwa bethathwa
Makhanda kaNqayi
Mthayi kaNsele
Menzankosi
Wena owakha ongiyane beSilo
Nceku enhle!
Nceku yeSilo uMpande
Gabadela!
Owagabadela izingwe zoNgoye
Madela mhlambi yezinkomo Zabanumzane endle.
Mbeng’ osinda ‘bosi,
Mbeng’ owawela oNgoye
Wena woSuthu lwasenhla
Mqabula nkungu kwaNodwengu Kwavel’ ilanga
Langa elaphuma oNgoye
Mlwandle!
Zingwe eziphuza kwesijulile isiziba
Ngokukholwa wulwandle,
Bathi ngundlebe kazizwa
Kanti uthule ngabomu
Zetshisa umbiko kaZulu
Odumise okwezulu lihlomile
Ngomlomo ka zulu ongathethi manga
Sobahle
Soshibe ka Dangazela
Nzim’ elimnyama
Wena kab’thikazi
Wena kathubelez’ inyang’ isemafini
Wena kanodel’ imiyalo
Buhle busezindiyeni zamehlo
Nkwanyana


text:
Izici:
●I-voltage yokufaka ebanzi: ububanzi be-voltage esebenzayo yokufaka ngu-100-240VAC.
● Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi: No-load <0.075W.
● Ukusebenza Kamandla Okuphezulu: Amaleveli ayisithupha okusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kufika ku-90%.
● Ukuthembeka okuphezulu: Ukuthobelana ne-EN60601-1 CLASS Ⅱ ileveli yokuphepha kanye neleveli yokuvikela yokufaka engu-2×MOPP, futhi udlule i-CE.
● Ukufakwa kwe-flame retardant: UL94V-0 into ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa.
● Izinhlobo zokuvikela:ukuvikelwa kwesekethe emfushane, ukuvikela ngaphezulu kwamanje, ukuvikela okungaphezu kwamandla kagesi, nokuzibuyisela.
● Ukuguqulwa okulula: Ijwayela kumapulagi okuguqulwa amahlanu e-British, Australian, European, American, and Chinese.


text: Mthwakazi musicians stand a very good chance of expanding their markets beyond Mthwakazi. Forget about Halale they won't buy your music. Into okumele liyenze yikuthi lenze lokhu okuthiwa yiPig-backing, uma lingabambisana lamaqembu aseMzansi i am sure ukuthi after 10 years from now amaqembu asuka koMthwakazi azobe esekwazi ukuthengisa umculo wawo engasabambisananga lamaqembu eMzansi. Kodwa you must be prepared ukuthi lisebenze nzima ukwenza umusic wenu ubemuhle njalo uthandeke. Look at what uBhodloza Nzimande did in SA, wacela ukuthi aboMaskandi babophe amabhulugwe bakhuphule izinga lomculo wabo, benza bethule ngiyakutshela umculo waboMaskandi ube usuwuzwa kuwo wonke amaradio stations. Lokhu besekuchaza ukuthi ube usuthenga ngabatu abanengi.


text:
Umsebenzi wenziwa uma umuntu wesifazane ekhumula inzila yokushonelwa ngumkhwenyana noma ngumyeni wakhe. Uma umuntu wesifazane eshonelwe indoda yakhe abekade eshade nayo uyazila isikhathi esingangezinyanga eziyishumi nambili noma unyaka wonke enzela ukuhlonipha indoda yakhe. Nezingane ziyazila zizilela ubaba wazo kanye nabazukulu ngokunjalo. Kodwa izingane zona zizila isikhathi esifishane kunesikamama kuye ngokuthi umndeni wona ugcina siphi isikhathi.
Abanye abantu abazi ukuthi kungani kufanele umzukulu azilele kubokanina noma sewashada. Uma ngabe umuntu wesifazane azalela ekhaya ingane yakhe yokuqala bese eshada nobaba wayo ngemuva kokuthola ingane, kufanele ubaba wentombazane ayikhiphe ngembuzi leyongane emadlozini akwakhe bese abakubo bayamkele ngembuzi kwawabo amadlozi. Uma lokho ningakwenzanga leyongane isagadwe ngamadlozi akubokanina wengane. Uma kwenzeka kushonwa izozila ngoba esengeyakini.
Uma izingane zizilele ubaba wazo zivamise ukuthi zizile inyanga eyodwa ngoba kusatshelwa ukuthi izingane angeke ziyihloniphe inzila futhi akufuneki ukuthi ilahleke. Uma izingane zikhumula inzila zizogezwa ngembuzi yazo zonke, uma ngabe abazukulu bazogeza ndawonye. Umama uzozithatha izidwedwe lezi zenzilo azibeke kuyothi uma esekhumula inzila yakhe uyokushisa ndawonye. Umama uzolinda kuze kube isikhathi sasebusika ukuze akhumule inzila. Kuwumthetho omdala ukuthi inzila ikhunyulwe ebusika ngoba kusatshelwa ukuduma kwezulu kanye nesiphepho.
Kuzothi uma sekuyisikhathi sokukhumula umsebenzi uqale mhlawumbe ngoLwesithathu ntambama lapho kuzohlatshwa imbuzi. Kuthathwe umswani kanye nenyongo kufakwe ndawonye ebhakedeni noma esitsheni. Lapha kufanele kube sekukhona ingubo entsha ezogqokwa yilowo okhumula inzilo. Ngokwesiko kufanele ithengwe ngabasemzini. Kuzohanjwa kuyiwe emfuleni ohambayo, lokhu kwenziwa ebusuku. Akhumule inzila ithathwe ishiswe kanye neyezingane le ebibekiwe. Kufanele angene phakathi nomfula ageze ngomswani onenyongo phakathi kuthi uma eqeda agqoke izingubo ezintsha. Kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu aqaphelisise ukuthi inzila ishe yonke, akekho umuntu ongakwazi ukuyithatha. Ngoba inzila yakho uma umuntu eyithathile wayisebenzisa kuyingozi kakhulu. Uma eseqedile uyahamba angabheki emuva aze angene ekhaya.
Kuzothi ngosuku olulandelayo kuhlatshwe imbuzi yokubika ebizwa ngokuthi umhlahlandlela wokubika ukuthi sewenza umsebenzi wokumbuyisa ubaba wekhaya emzini wakhe noma ukumngenisa. Leyombuzi izohlatshwa ngoLwesine idliwe iphele ngoba akudingeki ukuthi kube khona inyama yayo uma sekubulawa inkomo. Bese kuthi ngoLwesihlanu ntambama kuhlatshwe inkomo. Uma isihlatshiwe inkomo kuthathwa umhlwehlwe wayo uhlanganiswe nempepho kushiswe ukubikela ubaba wekhaya ukuthi umsebenzi ngowakhe. Kufanele kubekhona notshwala wesintu kubekwe emsamo eduze kwempepho. Ukhamba luzokhishwa ngakusasa umuntu sekuyohlahlelwa inkomo.
Kuzobe sekuyadliwa emini kube sekuphela kumsebenzi. Uma kwenziwa umsebenzi ofana nalona kudingeka kube khona abantu obathembayo abangeke bakwenzele phansi. Kufuneka sonke isikhathi kuhlale kuqashiwe ikakhulukazi izinto ezifana nomkhonto, inyongo nomswane njalonjalo ekungafanele ziwele ezandleni ezingalungile.
English Summary
This article outlines the stages that should be followed when the family removes their mourning clothes after the death of the head of the family.
By: Nqobile Mdabe


text:
inflatable kick boxing bags gym punching bagfor kids
Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo
Omaka bomkhiqizo
Incazelo yomkhiqizo
Izikhwama zokubhoboza ezimile zamahhala zisebenzisa i-360° rebound kanye nokumunca ukushaqeka, amandla afanayo, kanye nokuqina okugcwele.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyishaya ngakuphi, ngeke itshekele phansi noma ilimaze izandla zakho, iphephe impela!
Izikhwama zesibhakela ezimile zilula phezulu futhi zisinda esisekelweni, futhi zinganyakaziswa futhi zibekwe kunoma yiziphi izindawo njengemibono yakho.Futhi ilungele ukulwa nabashisekeli, ilungele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya.Izikhwama zokubhoboza zesikhumba ezimile ngokuvamile zenziwe ngesikhumba se-microfiber noma isikhumba se-PU, indwangu noma indwangu ye-Oxford, njll. Ingaphandle ngokuvamile yenziwe nge-EVA noma igwebu lepulasitiki phakathi kwengaphakathi nokugcwaliswa.Ukugcwaliswa kwesikhwama sokubhoboza esiphelile ngokuvamile sigcwaliswa ngezicucu eziphukile noma indwangu.Uma uyigcwalisa ngokwakho, kunconywa ukuyigcwalisa ngesikhumba esisikiwe noma ama-rags.
Ukuze uthole izikhwama zokubhoboza ezimile mahhala, kufanele sinake ukuzinza kwesisekelo.Isisekelo ngokuvamile silungiswa ngamanzi noma isihlabathi.Ngokuvamile, amanzi noma isihlabathi kwengezwa esisekelweni ukuze silungise.Ejimini yesibhakela, uma kunezikhwama zesibhakela ezibuthakathaka kakhulu, zizowa ngokushesha lapho zishaywa, futhi zidinga ukuphakanyiswa ngokuqhubekayo, khona-ke izikhwama zokubhoboza azilungile futhi aziphephile.
Induku yokuxhuma phakathi kwesisekelo nesikhwama inomklamo wokunciphisa wokudlidliza, ngokuvamile irabha nezinto zasentwasahlobo.Uma ushaya, umsebenzi wokugoba wezikhwama zokubhoboza ungamunca amandla omthelela futhi unikeze amalunga ethu izinga elithile lokuvikela ngaphandle kokuthinta ukuzinza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisekelo sezikhwama zethu zokubhoboza izigaxa siphinde sathola ukwelashwa okukhulisiwe.Ngemva kokwengeza isihlabathi noma amanzi, iqine kakhulu;kanye nezinkomishi zokumunca eziyi-12 ngaphansi kwesisekelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izikhwama zesibhakela zishintsha kanjani, isisekelo sizozinza kakhulu.


text:
Isenzo sokudilizwa kwemali yamaDashi kanye nesenzo sokuvimbela imali yamaphekula sichaziwe
Ngeziqu zokuqala zika-Agasti, 2018, isenzo sokudambisa imali saseDutch kanye nesenzo sokuvimbela imali yamaphekula (Dutch: Wwft) sisebenze iminyaka eyishumi. Inhloso enkulu ye-Wwft ukugcina uhlelo lwezezimali luhlanzekile; umthetho uhlose ukuvimba uhlelo lwezezimali ukuthi lusetshenziselwe izinhloso zobugebengu zokuxhaphaza imali kanye nokuxhasa ngezimali kwamaphekula. Ukuphanga imali kusho ukuthi izimpahla ezitholwe ngokungemthetho zenziwa zomthetho ukucasha imvelaphi engekho emthethweni. Ukuxhaswa ngezimali kobushokobezi kwenzeka lapho capital isetshenziswa ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yamaphekula. Ngokusho kweWwft, izinhlangano zibophekile ukubika okwenziwe okungajwayelekile. Le mibiko inegalelo ekutholakaleni nasekushushisweni kwezimali ezixhaphaza imali kanye nasekuxhaseni ngezimali amaphekula. I-Wwft inomthelela omkhulu ezinhlanganweni ezisebenzayo eNetherlands. Izinhlangano ngenkuthalo kufanele zithathe izinyathelo ukuze zivikele ukuxhashazwa kwemali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula. Le ndatshana izodingida ukuthi yiziphi izikhungo eziwela ngaphansi kweWwft, yiziphi izibopho lezi zikhungo ezinazo ngokweWwft nokuthi iba yini imiphumela uma izikhungo zingahambisani neWwft.
1. Izikhungo eziwela ngaphansi kwe-Wwft
Izikhungo ezithile ziphoqelekile ukuthi zihambisane nezinhlinzeko ezivela kwaWwft. Ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ngabe isikhungo singaphansi kwe-Wwft, luhlobo luni lwesikhungo nemisebenzi eyenziwa yisikhungo iyahlolwa. Isikhungo esingaphansi kweWwft singadingeka ukwenza inkuthalo efanelekile yekhasimende noma ukubika okwenziwayo. Izikhungo ezilandelayo zingaba ngaphansi kwe-Wwft:
- abathengisi bezimpahla;
- abalamuli ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwezimpahla;
- ama-appraisers ezindlu nomhlaba;
- abenzeli bezindlu nabathengisi bezindlu nomhlaba;
- opharetha be-pawnshop nabahlinzeki be-domicile;
- Izikhungo zezimali;
- ochwepheshe abazimele. [1]
Abathengisi bezimpahla
Abathengisi bezimpahla banesibopho sokusebenza ngenkuthalo yabathengi lapho intengo yezimpahla ezizothengiswa ifika ku- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu futhi lokhu kukhokha kwenziwa ngemali. Akukhathalekile ukuthi inkokhelo ithatha indawo ngokwemibandela noma ngasikhathi sinye. Lapho inkokhelo yemali engu- € 25,000 noma ngaphezulu yenzeka lapho kuthengiswa izimpahla ezithile, njengemikhumbi, izimoto, ubucwebe, umthengisi kufanele abike lokhu kuthengiselana. Lapho inkokhelo ingenziwe ngokheshi, asikho isibopho seWwft. Kodwa-ke, imali efakwa ku-akhawunti yasebhange yomthengisi ibonwa njengokukhokha ukheshi.
Abaxhumanisi ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwezimpahla
Uma ungena ekuthengweni noma ekuthengisweni kwezimpahla ezithile, ungaphansi kwe-Wwft futhi unesibopho sokuqhuba inkuthalo efanelekile yekhasimende. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthengiswa nokuthengwa kwezimoto, imikhumbi, ubucwebe, izinto zobuciko nezindawo zakudala. Akukhathalekile ukuthi inani eliphakeme okufanele likhokhwe nokuthi intengo ikhokhwe ngokheshi. Lapho ukuthengiselana ngenkokhelo yemali engu- € 25,000 noma ngaphezulu kwenzeka, lokhu kuthengiselana kumele kubikwe njalo.
Abahloli bezindawo zokuhlala
Lapho i-appraiser ihlola impahla engenakusheneka futhi ithola amaqiniso nezimo ezingejwayelekile nezingahle zithinte ukuphathwa kwemali noma imali yamaphekula, kufanele kubikwe lokhu kuthengiselana. Kodwa-ke, ama-appraisers awabophekile ukwenza inkuthalo efanelekile yekhasimende.
Abathengisi bezindlu nabathengisi bezindawo zokuhlala
Abantu abangena ekuthengeni nasekuthengisweni kwempahla engasuki bangaphansi kweWwft futhi kufanele baqhube ukukhuthala okufanele kwesabelo ngasinye. Isibopho sokwenza iklayenti ukukhuthala okusebenzayo kuyasebenza futhi maqondana nokufana nekhasimende. Uma kukhona izinsolo zokuthi ukuthengiselana kungabandakanya ukuphathwa kwemali noma imali yobuphekula, kufanele kubikwe lokhu kuthengiselana. Lokhu kusebenza futhi ekuthengeni lapho inani le- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu litholwa ngokheshi. Akukhathalekile ukuthi le mali ingeye-ejenti yempahla noma yeyesithathu.
Abasebenza ePawnshop nabahlinzeki be-domicile
Abasebenza ePawnshop abanikezela ngezifungo zochwepheshe noma zebhizinisi kumele benze ukukhuthala okufanelekile kokuthengiselana ngakunye. Uma ukuthengiselana kuvamile, lokhu kuthengiselana kumele kubikwe. Lokhu kusebenza futhi kukho konke okwenziwayo kufinyelela ku- € 25,000 noma ngaphezulu. Abahlinzeki be-domicile abenze ikheli noma ikheli leposi litholakale kubantu besithathu ngebhizinisi noma ngobungcweti, kumele futhi benze inkuthalo efanele iklayenti ngalinye. Uma kusolwa ukuthi kungenzeka kube nokuqothuka kwemali noma imali yamaphekula ethintekayo ekunikezeni i-domicile, ukuthengiselana kumele kubikwe.
Izikhungo zezimali
Izikhungo zezimali zibandakanya amabhange, amahhovisi okushintshana, amakhasino, amahhovisi ama-trust, izikhungo zokutshala imali kanye nabomshwalense abathile. Lezi zikhungo kumele zihlale zisebenza ngokuzikhandla futhi kufanele zibike okwenziwayo okungajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, imithetho ehlukile ingasebenza emabhange.
Ochwepheshe abazimele
Isigaba sabachwepheshe abazimele sifaka abantu abalandelayo: abameli, abameli, ama-accountants, abeluleki bezentela namahhovisi okuphatha. Lamaqembu afanele kufanele enze inkuthalo efanelekile futhi abike ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile.
Izikhungo noma ochwepheshe abaqhuba ngokuzimela imisebenzi ngobungcweti, elihambisana nemisebenzi eyenziwa izikhungo ezichazwe ngenhla, nazo zingaba ngaphansi kweWwft. Lokhu kungafaka imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ukweluleka izinkampani ezakhiweni capital, isu lebhizinisi nemisebenzi ehlobene nalo
- ukubonisana nokunikezela ngezinsizakalo emkhakheni wokuhlanganiswa kanye nokutholwa kwezinkampani;
- ukusungulwa noma ukuphathwa kwezinkampani noma izinhlaka zezomthetho;
- ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa izinkampani, izinhlaka zomthetho noma amasheya ezinkampanini;
- ukutholwa okugcwele noma okuyingxenye kwezinkampani noma kwezomthetho;
- imisebenzi ehlobene nentela.
Ukuze unqume ukuthi ngabe isikhungo singaphansi kwe-Wwft, kubalulekile ukugcina imisebenzi eyenziwa yisikhungo engqondweni. Uma ngabe isikhungo sinikezela ngolwazi kuphela, isikhungo asikho ngaphansi kwe-Wwft. Uma isikhungo sinikeza izeluleko kumakhasimende, isikhungo singaba ngaphansi kwe-Wwft. Kodwa-ke, kukhona umugqa omncane phakathi kokuhlinzeka ngemininingwane nokunikeza izeluleko. Futhi, ukukhuthala okudingakalayo kwekhasimende kufanele kwenzeke ngaphambi kokuthi isikhungo singene esivumelwaneni sebhizinisi nekhasimende. Lapho isikhungo ekuqaleni sicabanga ukuthi ulwazi kuphela okudingeka lunikezwe iklayenti, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvela ukuthi izeluleko zinikezwe noma kufanele zinikezwe futhi, isibopho sokwenza iklayenti langaphambilini kufanele sikhuthale. Kuyingozi futhi ukuhlukanisa imisebenzi yesikhungo siyenze imisebenzi engaphansi kwe-Wwft nemisebenzi engahambisani ne-Wwft, ngoba umngcele phakathi kwale misebenzi ungacacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi imisebenzi ehlukile ingabi ngaphansi kwe-Wwft, kodwa ukuthi le micimbi ifaka isibopho seWwft uma ihlanganiswa ndawonye. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukunquma kusengaphambili ukuthi isikhungo sakho singaphansi kweWwft noma cha.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, isikhungo singawela ngaphansi komthetho weDutch Trust Office Supervision Act (Wtt) kune-Wwft. I-Wtt iqukethe izidingo eziqinile maqondana nokukhuthala okufanele kwamakhasimende futhi izikhungo ezingaphansi kwe-Wtt zidinga imvume ukuze zenze imisebenzi yazo. Ngokwe-Wtt, izikhungo ezihlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala nezenza imisebenzi eyengeziwe futhi, zingaphansi kwe-Wtt. Le misebenzi eyengeziwe iqukethe ukunikeza ukwelulekwa kwezomthetho, ukunakekela izimemezelo zentela, ukwenza imisebenzi ephathelene nokubhalwa, ukuhlolwa nokuqapha ama-akhawunti wonyaka noma ukugcina ukuphathwa noma ukuthola umqondisi wenhlangano noma inhlangano esemthethweni. Ngokwenzayo, ukuhlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala nokwenza imisebenzi eyengeziwe kuvame ukuphathwa yizikhungo ezimbili ezihlukene, ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi lezi zikhungo aziweli ngaphansi kwe-Wtt. Kodwa-ke, lokhu ngeke kusakwazi ukwenzeka lapho i-Wtt echitshiyelwe izoqala ukusebenza. Ngemuva kokuthi lesi sichibiyelo somthetho siqale ukusebenza, izikhungo ezenza umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuhlala kanye nokwenza imisebenzi eyengeziwe phakathi kwezikhungo ezimbili nazo zizobe zikhonjelwe ku-Wtt. Lokhu kuthinta izikhungo ezenza imisebenzi eyengeziwe ngokwazo, kepha zidlulisela iklayenti kwesinye isikhungo ngokuhlinzekwa noma ukuhlala (noma okuphambene nalokho) kanye nezikhungo ezisebenza njengabaxhumanisi ngokuletha iklayenti lihlangane nezinhlaka ezahlukahlukene ezinganikeza indawo yokuhlala futhi ezingaqhuba imisebenzi eyengeziwe. [2] Kubalulekile ukuthi izikhungo zibe nokubuka okuhle ngemisebenzi yazo, ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yimuphi umthetho osebenza kuzo.
2. Iklayenti lokukhuthala elifanele
Ngokusho kukaWwft, isikhungo esingaphansi kweWwft kufanele sisebenze ngokuzikhandla kwamakhasimende. Ukukhuthala okufanele kwamakhasimende kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuthi isikhungo singene esivumelwaneni sebhizinisi nekhasimende ngaphambi kokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo. Ukukhuthala okufanele kwamakhasimende kubandakanya, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuthi isikhungo kufanele sicele ubunikazi bamakhasimende aso, kufanele sihlole lolu lwazi, siluqopha bese silugcina iminyaka emihlanu.
Ukukhuthala okufanele kwamakhasimende ngokwe-Wwft kuthambekele ebungozini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhungo kufanele sithathe ubungozi maqondana nohlobo nobungako benkampani yaso kanye nobungozi maqondana nobudlelwano bebhizinisi obuthile noma ukusebenzelana nakho. Ukuqina kokukhuthala okufanele kufanele kuhambisane nalezi zingcuphe. [3] I-Wwft ifaka amazinga amathathu wokuzikhandla ngenxa yamakhasimende: okujwayelekile, okwenziwe lula nokwenziwe ngcono. Ngokuya ngobungozi, isikhungo kufanele sinqume ukuthi yimaphi amaklayenti afanele asetshenzisiwe okufanele enziwe. Ngokwengeziwe ekuchazeni okususelwa ebungozini bokukhuthala okufanele okwenziwa amaklayenti okumele kwenziwe ezimweni ezijwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kobungozi nakho kungaba yisizathu sokwenza iklayenti elenziwe lula noma elithuthukisiwe ngokuzikhandla okufanele. Lapho kuhlolwa ubungozi, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele acatshangwe: amaklayenti, amazwe nezizathu zendawo lapho isikhungo sisebenza khona nemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezilethwayo. [4]
I-Wwft ayicacisi ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe izikhungo ukuze zilinganise iklayenti ngokuzimisela okufanele nokuzwela ebungozini kokuthengiselana. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi izikhungo zisungule izinqubo ezisuselwa engcupheni ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ikuphi ukuqina okufanele kwenziwe ngamakhasimende. Isibonelo, lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa: ukusungula umatrix wobungozi, ukwakha inqubomgomo yobungozi noma iphrofayili, ukufaka izinqubo zokwamukelwa kwamakhasimende, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulawula zangaphakathi noma ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinyathelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukwenza ukuphathwa kwefayela nokugcina amarekhodi akho konke okwenziwayo nokuhlolwa kwengozi okuhambisanayo. Isiphathimandla esiphethe maqondana ne-Wwft, i-Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), singacela isikhungo ukuthi sihlinzeke ngokuhlonza kanye nokuhlola ubungozi maqondana nokushushumbiswa kwemali nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula. Isikhungo siphoqelekile ukuhambisana nesicelo esinjalo. [5] I-Wwft futhi iqukethe izikhombisi-ndlela ezikhomba ukuthi ikuphi ukuqina okufanele okufanele kwenziwe ukwenziwa kwamakhasimende.
2.1 Iklayenti elijwayelekile lokukhuthala
Imvamisa, izikhungo kumele zisebenze ngokuzikhandla kwamakhasimende. Lokhu kukhuthala okufanele kuqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:
- ukunquma, ukuqinisekisa nokuqopha ubunikazi beklayenti;
- ukunquma, ukuqinisekisa nokuqopha ubunikazi be-Ultimate Beneficiary Owner (UBO);
- ukunquma nokuqopha inhloso kanye nohlobo lwesabelo noma okwenziwayo.
Ubunikazi beklayenti
Ukuze wazi ukuthi izinsizakalo zinikelwa kubani, ubunikazi beklayenti kumele bunqunywe ngaphambi kokuthi isikhungo siqale ukuhlinzeka izinsizakalo zalo. Ukuze kutholakale iklayenti, iklayenti kudingeka libuze imininingwane kamazisi wakhe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubunikazi beklayenti kumele buqinisekiswe. Kumuntu wemvelo, lokhu kuqinisekisa kungenziwa ngokucela ipasipoti yasekuqaleni, ilayisense lokushayela noma ikhadi lomazisi. Amakhasimende ayizinhlaka zezomthetho kufanele acelwe ukuthi anikeze okukhishwa kwirejista yezohwebo noma eminye imibhalo ethembekile noma imininingwane eqondene nesiko lezwe. Lolu lwazi kumele lugcinwe yisikhungo iminyaka emihlanu.
Ubunikazi be UBO
Uma iklayenti lingumuntu osemthethweni, ubambiswano, isisekelo noma i-trust, i-UBO kumele ikhonjwe futhi iqinisekiswe. I-UBO yomuntu osemthethweni ngumuntu wemvelo:
- uphatha intshisakalo engaphezulu kwama-25% enhlokodolobha yekhasimende; noma
- lingasebenzisa amasheya angama-25% noma ngaphezulu noma amalungelo okuvota emhlanganweni jikelele wabaninimasheya ekhasimende; noma
- Ungalawula ngokwangempela eklayenti; noma
- ungumzuzi wama-25% noma ngaphezulu wezimpahla zesisekelo noma ze-trust; noma
- inokulawulwa okukhethekile okungaphezulu kwama-25% noma ngaphezulu kwezimpahla zamakhasimende.
I-UBO yobambiswano ingumuntu wemvelo, uma kuchithwa ubambiswano, unelungelo lokuhlanganyela ezimpahlelweni ezingama-25% noma ngaphezulu noma onelungelo lokuhlanganyela inzuzo yenzuzo engama-25% noma ngaphezulu. Ngokwethenjwa, isiphawulo (ama) kanye nabaphathiswa kumele bakhonjwe.
Lapho ubunikazi be-UBO bunqunywa, lobu ubunikazi kumele buqinisekiswe. Isikhungo kumele sihlole ubungozi maqondana nokuxhashazwa kwemali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula; Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-UBO kufanele kwenzeke ngokuya ngalezi zingozi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqinisekiswa okususelwa ebungozini. Uhlobo oluqine kakhulu lokuqinisekisa ukuthola ngemibhalo engaphansi, efana nezenzo, izinkontileka kanye nokubhalisa kumarejista omphakathi noma eminye imithombo ethembekile, ukuthi i-UBO okukhulunywa ngayo ivunyelwe empeleni ngama-25% noma ngaphezulu. Lolu lwazi lungahle lucelwe lapho kunobungozi obukhulu maqondana nokuqashwa kwezimali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula. Lapho kunobungozi obuphansi, isikhungo singacela iklayenti lisayine isimemezelo se-UBO. Ngokusayina lesi simemezelo, iklayenti liqinisekisa ukunemba kobunikazi be-UBO.
Inhloso kanye nohlobo lwesabelo noma okwenziwayo
Izikhungo kufanele zenze ucwaningo ngemvelaphi nangenhloso yobudlelwano bebhizinisi obuhlosiwe noma okwenziwayo. Lokhu kufanele kuvimbele izinsizakalo zezikhungo ukuthi zisetshenziselwe ukukhwabanisa imali noma ukuxhasa ngezimali ubushokobezi. Uphenyo ngohlobo lwesabelo noma okwenziwayo kufanele lususelwe engcupheni. [6] Lapho uhlobo lwesabelo noma okwenziwayo kunqunyiwe, lokhu kufanele kurekhodwe kwirejista.
2.2 Ukukhuthala okwenziwe iklayenti
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi isikhungo sihambisane ne-Wwft ngokwenza inkuthalo elula yamakhasimende. Njengoba sekuxoxiwe kakade, ubungako bokwenza iklayenti ngenkuthalo lizonqunywa ngokwesisekelo sokuhlaziywa kwengozi. Uma lokhu kuhlaziya kukhombisa ukuthi ubungozi bokusebenzisa imali ngokweqile kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula liphansi, iklayenti elilula lengenziwa ngenkuthalo ngenkani. Ngokusho kweWwft, ukukhuthala okwenziwe lula kwamakhasimende kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isimo uma iklayenti liyibhange, umshuwalense wempilo noma esinye isikhungo sezezimali, inkampani efakwe ohlwini noma isikhungo sikahulumeni se-EU. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ubunikazi beklayenti kuphela kanye nenhloso nohlobo lokuthengiselana okudingeka kunqunywe futhi kubhalwe phansi ngendlela echazwe ku-2.1. Ukuqinisekiswa kweklayenti nokukhonjwa nokuqinisekiswa kwe-UBO akudingekile kuleli cala.
2.3 Ukukhuthala okwenziwe iklayenti
Kungenzeka futhi kube yindawo ukuthi ikhasimende likhuthale ngenkuthalo efanelekile. Lokhu kunjalo lapho ubungozi bokusebenzisa imali budlabha nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula sekuphezulu. Ngokuya kwe-Wwft, ukukhuthala okuthuthukile kwamakhasimende kufanele kwenziwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- kusengaphambili, kukhona izinsolo zokuthi ubungozi obukhulayo bokusebenzisa imali noma imali yamaphekula;
- iklayenti alikho emzimbeni okhona;
- iklayenti noma i-UBO ngumuntu odalulwe ngokwepolitiki.
Ukusolwa kwengozi eyandayo yokusebenzisa imali ngokweqile noma imali yamaphekula
Lapho ukucubungula ubungozi kukhombisa ukuthi kunobungozi obukhulu bokuqothuka kwemali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kobuphekula, inkuthalo efanelekile yamakhasimende kufanele yenziwe. Lokhu kukhuthala okuthuthukile kwekhasimende kungenziwa ngokwesibonelo ngokucela iSitifiketi Sokuziphatha Okuhle kwikhasimende, ngokuphenya kabanzi ngeziphathimandla kanye nemisebenzi yebhodi yabaqondisi namaphroksi noma ngokuphenya ngemvelaphi nemali eya kuyo, kubandakanya nokucela ibhange. izitatimende. Izinyathelo okumele zithathwe zincike kulesimo.
Iklayenti alikho ngokomzimba lapho likhonjwa
Uma iklayenti lingekho ngokomzimba lapho likhonjwa, lokhu kuphumela engcupheni enkulu yokuxhashazwa kwemali nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula. Uma kunjalo, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokubuyisa le ngozi ethile. I-Wwft ikhombisa ukuthi yiziphi izikhungo ongakhetha kuzo okufanele zinxephezele ubungozi:
- ukuhlonza iklayenti ngesisekelo semibhalo eyengeziwe, idatha noma imininingwane (ngokwesibonelo ikhophi elingaqondakali lephasipoti noma labaphostoli);
- kuhlola ubuqiniso bemibhalo efakiwe;
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhokha kokuqala okuhlobene nobudlelwano bebhizinisi noma okwenziwayo kwenziwa egameni noma ngezindleko ze-akhawunti yekhasimende nebhange elinehhovisi elibhalisiwe eZweni Lesilungu noma ngebhange elisesimweni esibekiwe ilayisense lokuqhuba ibhizinisi kuleli lizwe.
Uma inkokhelo yokukhomba senziwa, sikhuluma ngokukhonjwa okukhishwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhungo singasebenzisa idatha evela ekukhuthaleni okwenziwe ikhasimende kwangaphambili. Ukukhonjwa kutholakala kuvunyelwe ngoba ibhange lapho okukhokhwa khona umazisi kwenzeka futhi kuyisikhungo esingaphansi kweWwft noma ukuqashwa okufanayo kwelinye iLungu leLungu. Ngokuyinhloko, iklayenti selivele likhonjwa yibhange lapho lenza lokhu kukhokha okukhonjwa.
Iklayenti noma i-UBO ngumuntu odalulwa ngokwepolitiki
Abantu abadalulwa ezombusazwe (PEP's) ngabantu abasesikhundleni esiphakeme sezepolitiki eNetherlands noma phesheya, noma abake babamba isikhundla unyaka owodwa edlule, futhi
- bahlala phesheya (kungakhathalekile ukuthi banobuzwe bamaDashi noma obunye ubuzwe noma cha);
OR
- uhlale eNetherlands kodwa awunabo ubuzwe baseDashi.
Ukuthi umuntu uyi-PEP kumele kuphenywe ngeklayenti nangeyiphi i-UBO yeklayenti. Abantu abalandelayo banoma yikuphi ukuphathwa yi-PEP:
- izinhloko zombuso, izinhloko zikahulumeni, ongqongqoshe kanye nonobhala bakahulumeni;
- abephalamende;
- amalungu eziphathimandla zokwahlulela eziphakeme;
- amalungu emahhovisi okucwaningwa kwamabhuku namabhodi okuphatha emabhange aphakathi;
- amanxusa, ama-chargé d'affaires kanye nezikhulu zamasosha aphezulu;
- amalungu ezinhlaka zokuphatha, zombili eziphezulu nezengamele;
- izinhlaka zezinkampani zomphakathi;
- amalungu omndeni aseduze noma abantu abasondelene nalaba bantu abangenhla. [7]
Lapho i-PEP ibandakanyeka, isikhungo kufanele siqoqe futhi siqinisekise imininingwane eminingi ukwehlisa nokulawula ubungozi obukhulu bokushushumbisa imali nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula. [8]
3. Ukubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile
Lapho iklayenti liqeda ukukhuthala, isikhungo kufanele sinqume ukuthi ngabe ukuthengiselana okuhlongozwayo akujwayelekile. Uma lokhu kunjalo, futhi kungaba nokuxhashazwa kwemali noma imali yamaphekula ethintekayo, okwenziwayo kufanele kubikwe.
Uma iklayenti elikhuthele lingakhange linikeze idatha ebekwe ngumthetho noma uma kunezinkomba zokubandakanyeka ekubambeni imali noma ekuxhaseni ngezimali kwamaphekula, kufanele kubikwe lokho ku-FIU. Lokhu ngokusho kweWwft. Iziphathimandla zaseDashi zisungule izinkomba zokuziphatha kanye nezinhloso ngesisekelo izikhungo ezinganquma ukuthi ngabe kukhona okungajwayelekile okwenziwayo. Uma esinye sezinkomba sikhishwa, kucatshangwa ukuthi okwenziwayo akuyona into engjwayelekile. Lokhu kuthengiselana kufanele kubikwe ku-FIU ngokushesha okukhulu. Kusungulwa izinkomba ezilandelayo:
Izinkomba ezihambelana nazo
- Ukuthengiselana lapho isikhungo sinesizathu sokucabanga ukuthi kungahlobene nokuqola imali noma imali yamaphekula. Amazwe ahlukahlukene asengozini futhi akhonjwe yi-Financial Action Task Force.
Izinkomba zenjongo
- Ukudluliselwa okubikwa ukuthi kuya emaphoyiseni noma eMshushweni woMphakathi maqondana nokuxhashazwa kwemali noma ngezimali zamaphekula kumele futhi kubikwe kwi-FIU; ngemuva kwakho konke, kunombono wokuthi lokhu kudluliselwa kungahle kuhlobane nokuthathwa kwemali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula.
- Ukuthengiselana okwenziwe noma okusizelwa umuntu (osemthethweni) ohlala noma onekheli lakhe elibhalisiwe ezweni elibhalwe wumthethonqubo wongqongqoshe njengombuso onamaphutha amabi ekuvinjelweni kwezimali zemali nasekuxhaseni ngezimali ubuphekula.
- Ukuthengiselana lapho kuthengiswa khona imoto eyodwa noma eziningi, imikhumbi, izinto zobuciko noma ubucwebe bokukhokha (okuyingxenye) inkokhelo yemali, lapho inani okufanele likhokhwe ngamanani wemali liye ku- € 25,000 noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukuthengiselana kwenani le- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu, lapho ukushintshaniswa kwemali kwenzeka kwenye imali noma kusuka okuncane kuya kumahlelo amakhulu.
- Idiphozithi yenani lemali engu- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu evumela ikhadi lesikweletu noma ithuluzi lokukhokha elikhokhelwe ngaphambili.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwekhadi lesikweletu noma ithuluzi lokukhokha elikhokhelwe ngaphambili maqondana nomsebenzi okwenziwe inani elithile le- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukuthengiselana kwenani lama- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu, okukhokhwa noma esikhungweni ngokheshi, ngamasheke okuba ngumphathi, ngensimbi ekhokhelwe ngaphambilini noma ngezindlela ezifanayo zokukhokha.
- Umsebenzi lapho izimpahla ezinhle noma eziningana zilethwa ngaphansi kolawulo lwe-pawnshop, ngenani elenziwa litholakala yi-pawnshop ekushintshaniseni lifinyelela ku- € 25,000 noma ngaphezulu.
- Umsebenzi okwenziwa inani elithile le- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu, okhokhwa isikhungo ngemali noma ngamasheke, ngensimbi ekhokhelwa kuqala noma ngemali yangaphandle.
- Ukufaka izinhlamvu zemali, ama-banknotes noma ezinye izintengo zenani le- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu.
- Umsebenzi wokukhokha we-giro ngenani lama- € 15,000 noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukudluliswa kwemali ngenani elingu- € 2,000 noma ngaphezulu, ngaphandle kwalapho kuthinta ukudluliswa kwemali kusuka esikhungweni eshiya ukukhokhelwa kwalokhu kudluliselwa kwesinye isikhungo esingaphansi kwesibopho sokubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile, okususelwa ku-Wwft. [9]
Akuzona zonke izinkomba ezisebenza kuzo zonke izikhungo. Kuya ngohlobo lwesikhungo sokuthi yiziphi izinkomba ezisebenza esikhungweni. Lapho okunye kokukhokhelwa njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla kwenzeka esikhungweni esithile, lokhu kuthathwa njengokwenziwe okungajwayelekile. Lokhu kuthengiselana kumele kubikwe ku-FIU. I-FIU irejista lo mbiko njengombiko wokuthengiswa okungajwayelekile. I-FIU ibese ihlaziya ukuthi ngabe ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile kuyasolisa futhi kufanele kuphenywe yisiphathimandla esiphenya ngobugebengu noma ngomsebenzi wokuphepha.
I-4. Ukuvuma
Uma isikhungo sibika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile ku-FIU, lo mbiko ufaka phakathi ukukhululwa. Ngokuya kwe-Wwft, imininingwane noma imininingwane enikezwe i-FIU ngesimo esihle sokwazisa ngombiko, angeke isebenze njengesisekelo sokuphenya noma sokushushiswa kwesikhungo esibike maqondana nokusolwa kokutshontshelwa imali. noma imali yamaphekula ngalesi sikhungo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le datha ayikwazi ukusebenza njengecala. Lokhu kusebenza futhi nedatha enikezwe i-FIU yisikhungo, ngomqondo ofanele wokuthi lokhu kuzobandakanya ukuhambisana nesibopho sokubika okuvela kwi-Wwft. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imininingwane enikezwe isikhungo ku-FIU, ngokwesimo sombiko wokuthengiselana okungajwayelekile, angeke isetshenziswe ngokumelene nesikhungo ophenyweni lobugebengu mayelana nokuxhashazwa kwemali noma imali yamaphekula. Lesi simangalo sisebenza nakubantu abasebenzela isikhungo abanikeze imininingwane nemininingwane kwi-FIU. Ngokubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile kokholo oluhle, icala lobugebengu linikezwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhungo esike sabika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile noma esinikeze eminye imininingwane ngesisekelo seWwft asinasibopho sokulimaza omunye umuntu ngenxa yalokho kulimala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhungo singeke sibhekane nomthwalo wokulimala iklayenti elihlangabezana nakho ngenxa yombiko wokuthengiselana okungajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhambisana nesibopho sokubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile, isithunzi somphakathi sinikezwa esikhungweni futhi. Lokhu kukhunjulwa okusemthethweni kusebenza futhi kubantu abasebenzela isikhungo abaye babika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile noma banikeze imininingwane ku-FIU.
5. Ezinye izibopho ezivela ku-Wwft
Ngaphezu kwesibopho sokwenza iklayenti ukukhuthala nokubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile ku-FIU, iWwft futhi ifaka isibopho sobumfihlo nesibopho sokuqeqesha izikhungo.
Isibopho sokugcinwa kwemfihlo
Isibopho sobumfihlo sifaka ukuthi isikhungo angeke sazise noma ngubani ngombiko we-FIU nangokusola ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwemali noma ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula kuyabandakanyeka ekuthengiselweni. Isikhungo senqatshelwe ngisho nokwazisa iklayenti mayelana nalokhu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi i-FIU izosungula uphenyo ngokuthengiselana okungajwayelekile. Isibopho sobumfihlo sifakiwe ukuvikela amaqembu asacwaningwa ekunikezelweni ithuba lokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, alahle ubufakazi.
Isibopho sokuqeqesha
Ngokusho kukaWwft, izikhungo zinesibopho sokuqeqesha. Lesi sibopho sokuqeqesha sifaka ukuthi izisebenzi zesikhungo kumele zazi izibonelelo zeWwft, ngoba lokhu kufanelekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi yazo. Abasebenzi futhi kufanele bakwazi ukwenza kahle ukukhuthala kwamakhasimende futhi baqaphele ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile. Ukuqeqeshwa kwesikhashana kumele kulandelwe ukuze kufezeke lokhu.
6. Imiphumela yokungalandeli kweWwft
Izibopho ezahlukahlukene zitholakala ku-Wwft: ukuqhuba inkuthalo efanelekile, ukubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile, isibopho sobumfihlo nesibopho sokuqeqesha. Imininingwane ehlukahlukene kumele futhi irekhodwe futhi igcinwe futhi isikhungo kufanele sithathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yokuxhashazwa kwemali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula.
Uma isikhungo singahambisani nezibopho ezibhalwe ngenhla, kuzothathwa izinyathelo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesikhungo, ukwengamela ukuhambisana ne-Wwft kwenziwa ngabakwa-tax Authorities / Bureau Supervision Wwft, i-Dutch Central Bank, i-Dutch Authority yezeziMakethe zezezimali, iHhovisi Lokulawulwa Kwezezimali noma iDutch Bar Association. Lezi ziqashi zenza uphenyo lokuqondisa ukubheka ukuthi ngabe isikhungo silandela kahle yini izinhlinzeko zeWwft. Kulolu phenyo, uhlaka kanye nokuba khona kwenqubomgomo yobungozi kuyahlolwa. Uphenyo luhlose futhi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izikhungo empeleni zibika okwenziwayo okungajwayelekile. Uma izinhlinzeko zeWwft zephulwa, abaphathi abagunyaziwe bagunyaziwe ukuthi basebenzise umyalo ngokuya ngenhlawulo eyengeziwe noma inhlawulo yokuphatha. Banethuba lokuyalela isikhungo ukuthi silandele inkambo ethile yokusebenza mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zangaphakathi kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi.
Uma isikhungo sehlulekile ukubika ukuthengiselana okungajwayelekile, ukwephulwa kweWwft kuzokwenzeka. Akukhathalekile ukuthi ukwehluleka ukubika kwenziwe ngamabomu noma ngengozi. Uma isikhungo sephula i-Wwft, lokhu kufaka icala lokwephula umthetho ngokwe-Dutch Economic Offsets Act. I-FIU futhi ingaphenya futhi ngokuziphatha ngokubika kwesikhungo. Ezimweni ezibucayi, abaphathi abaphethe bangaze babike nokwephula umthetho kumshushisi womphakathi waseDashi, ongaqala uphenyo ngobugebengu kuleso sikhungo. Lesi sikhungo sizobe sesishushiswa ngoba singahambisani nemibandela yeWwft.
7. Isiphetho
I-Wwft ingumthetho osebenza ezikhungweni eziningi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi lezi zikhungo zazi ukuthi yiziphi izibopho okudingeka zizifeze ukuze zihambisane ne-Wwft. Ukwenza iklayenti ngenkuthalo efanele, ukubika okwenziwe okungajwayelekile, isibopho sobumfihlo nesibopho sokuqeqeshwa esikuthola kuWwft. Lezi zibopho sezisunguliwe zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ubungozi bokusebenzisa imali ngokweqile kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula kuncane ngangokunokwenzeka nokuthi izinyathelo ezisheshayo zingathathwa uma kukhona izinsolo zokuthi le misebenzi iyenzeka. Ezikhungweni, kubalulekile ukuhlola ubungozi futhi uthathe izinyathelo ngokufanele. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesikhungo nemisebenzi eyenziwa yisikhungo, imithetho ehlukile ingasebenza.
I-Wwft ayigcini nje ukuthi izikhungo kumele zithobele izibopho ezivela ku-Wwft, kodwa futhi ziza neminye imiphumela ezikhungweni. Lapho kwenziwa umbiko ku-FIU ngokwethembeka okuhle, unikezwa isikhungo sokugwetshwa kobugebengu kanye nembango. Uma kunjalo, imininingwane enikezwe yisikhungo ayinakusetshenziswa ngokumelene nayo. Isibopho somphakathi sokulimala kwekhasimende esivela kumbiko kuya ku-FIU naso asifakwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba nemiphumela lapho i-Wwft yephulwa. Esimweni esibi kakhulu, isikhungo singashushiswa nangobugebengu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izikhungo zithobele izinhlinzeko zeWwft, hhayi ukuthi zinciphise ubungozi bokusebenzisa imali ngokweqile kanye nokuxhasa ngezimali ubushokobezi, kodwa futhi nokuzivikela.
_____________________________
[1] 'I-Wat is de Wwft', I-Belastingdienst Ngo-09-07-2018, www.belastingdienst.nl.
[2] IKamerstukken II 2017/18, 34 910, 7 (uNota van Wijziging).
[3] IKamerstukken II 2017/18, 34 808, 3, k. 3 (MvT).
[4] IKamerstukken II 2017/18, 34 808, 3, k. 3 (MvT).
[5] IKamerstukken II 2017/18, 34 808, 3, k. 8 (MvT).
[6] IKamerstukken II 2017/18, 34 808, 3, k. 3 (MvT).
[7] 'I-Wat is een PEP', I-Autoriteit Financiele Markten Ngo-09-07-2018, www.afm.nl.
[8] IKamerstukken II 2017/18, 34 808, 3, k. 4 (MvT).
[9] 'IMeldergroepen', I-FIU Ngo-09-07-2018, www.fiu-nederland.nl.


text:
Uphekwe ngebhodwe elincane oweFacebook
Ugcine ungasanambithisiseki kwabaningi uFacebook emuva kokuvela kwamahlazo okusebenza ngokungethembeki
SEKUPHELE amasonto amabili umsunguli wenkundla yezokuxhumana edume kunawo wonke emhlabeni uFacebook, uMnu uMark Zuckerberg edonsa kanzima kulandela ukuvela kwezindaba ezithi, uFacebook uqole amalungu awo abalelwa ezigidini ezingama-87 idata usebenzisana nenkampani eqoqa imininingwane ngezepolitiki iCambridge Analytica.
Ngokwemibiko kuvela ukuthi inhloso ngqangi yalokhu kusebenzisana kwakungukuba uMengameli osephethe njengamanje e-United States of America (USA), uMnu uDonald Trump anqobe ukhetho, kushayeke ngesithende imbangi yakhe enkulu uNkk uHillary Clinton.
Konke lokhu kuholele ekutheni uFacebook, unganambithisiseki kwabaningi njengoba usolwa ngokwenzelela kuTrump, ekubeni amalungu kaFacebook eguga iphakethe kusetshenziswa idata yawo.
Ngokusho kwephephandaba laseMelika iWashington Post, inhlangano iFederal Trade Commission ingahlawulisa uFacebook imali elinganiselwa ku-7.1 trillion wamadola aseMelika ngezindleko zalabo abaqolwe idata.
Okubukeka kunamathuba amaningi okuba kwenzeke ukuthi uHulumeni waseMelika, kungenzeka uphasise imitheshwana uFacebook ozosebenza ngaphansi kwayo, nezomvimba ukuba lesi sehlakalo esenziwe uFacebook singaphinde senzeke.
Maphakathi nesonto ngoLwesibili nangoLwesithathu, uZuckerberg ubephekwa ngemibuzo kubuza abeZigele (Senators) ngalo mshophi wokubanjwa inkunzi kwamulungu kaFacebook.
UMnu uFrank Pallone oyilungu lamaDemocrat elizinze edolobheni iNew Jersey ushubise isimo zibekwa nje, ngesikhathi uZuckerberg ephekwa ngemibuzo.
“Akuzosiza ukuhlangana njalo ngalolu daba, kodwa kungenzeki lutho. Kuzofanele kube khona okwenzekayo ngoba akuyona into efihlwayo ukuthi kudlalwe ngabantu lapha,” kusho uMnu uPallone.
Okubukeka kungagojela uZuckerberg ukuthi ubonakala ehlulekile ukuvikela imininingwane yangasese yabalandeli baFacebook abazinze eMelika, njengoba kusolakala neRussia ukube ibe nesandla kulolu daba. Akuyona nakancane-ke into efihlwayo ukuthi iRussia neMelika ngamazwe angahoshelani.
Ngemuva kwamahora amahlanu ngoLwesihlanu, uZuckerberg ephekwa ngemibuzo ngabeZigele, uxolise into engapheli ngokuqolwa kwedata kubasebenzisi kubaFacebook. USigele uMnu uJohn Thune waseSouth Dakota, uveze ukuthi akayizwa eyokuxolisa kuZuckerberg kwazise sekuphele iminyaka eyi-14 exolisa, njengoba sekuke kwaba nezigameko lapho abantu bekhala khona ngoFacebook ezahlukene.
“Ngiyazibuza ngiyaziphendula ukuthi ngabe ukuxolisa kukaZuckerberg kwehluke ngani naseminyakeni eyedlule. Sekukaningi abantu benekela umhlaba ngamahlazo ale nkundla yokuxhumana kepha amaphutha asalokhu eqhubeke njalo kuFacebook, kanti ayophela nini?” kubuza uThune.
Ephendula kulokhu uZuckerberg uthe: “Impela sinamaphutha siyavuma ukuthi indlela esisebenza ngayo inokudala amaphutha”.
Okunye okwenze kwagqama ukuthi isimo sishubile ukuthi uZuckerberg ubegqoke isudu ephekwa ngemibuzo, kwazise udume njengensizwa ezigqokela izikibha nezikhindi namateki.
Akubuzwa ukuthyi igama likaFacebook lenza abantu bakhulume umhlaba wonke muva nje, futhi bekhuluma ngalo ngezizathu ezingezinhle. Nakuba evumile uZuckerberg ukuthi isimo kulamasonto amabili asisihle, kodwa uthe kukhona okuhle okudalwe yilesi simo.
“Isimo sibi impela, futhi iningi aleneme ngalezi zindaba. Nasezimakethe sishayeke kakhulu ngalokhu okwenzekayo. Kodwa okuhle ukuthi ukudliselana kwabantu imibiko nezithombe kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-4,5 ngoLwesithathu. Lokhu ngikushayela ihlombe kakhulu ngoba kugcine ukwenzeka eminyakeni emibili eyedlule,” kuchaza uZuckerberg oqale wadonsa kanzima ngoLwesithathu ekuseni ephekwa ngemibuzo nokuthe uma kuphakama ilanga waba nokuzethemba.
Ukuphendula ngobunyoninco kukaZuckerberg ngesikhathi ebuzwa imibuzo kucace bha. Bekuthi nxa esevaleleke ekhoneni ngemibuzo ezwakale ethi: “Sineqembu lami sizoqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu okubuzayo Sigele siyakulandelisisa, bese sibuyela kuwena ngakho”.
Okunye uFacebook osolwa ngakho ukuthi wanikeza inkundla amaRashiya ukuba agiye aqephuze akhulume kabi ngowayebanga esokuba nguMengameli noTrump, uNkk uClinton. Kuthiwa kunezikhangiso ezazisabalele kuFacebook, zifakwe ngabaseRussia, zeseka uMnu uTrump.
UZuckerberg utshele oSigele ukuthi ubudlelwane beFacebook nenkampani eqoqa iminingwano ngezepolitiki iCambridge Analytica sekuphelile. Uveze ukuthi sekumcacele ukuthi “kwaba yiphutha elikhulu” ukuvuma lesi simo esenzeka. Ube eseqinisekisa ukuthi isimo esifana nalesi asiseyokuphinda senzeke ngokuzayo.
Phakathi koSigele ababeke uvo lwabo uMnu uLindsey Graham othe: “Imitheshwana ibalulekile kule mboni kaqeda isizungu ngoba izovika izinkinga eziningi. Uma udaba lufaka imininingwane yangasese okubalwa kuyona izinombolo zikamazisi, izinsuku zokuzalwa kanye nezindawo okuhlalwa kuzona kusuke sekunzima kakhulu lapho. Ngakho impela imitheswana kufane iphasiswe”.
UMnu uJohn Cornyn onguSigele waseTexas yena uthe: “Lolu wudaba olubucayi kakhulu. Futhi lusifaka ingcindezi yokuba kube khona esikwenzayo, njengoba abantu belindele ukuba sithathe izinyathelo”.
Uqhubekile nokucasha ngesithupha uZuckerberg ngemva kwemibono yoSigeli.
“Asizange siqinisekise ukuthi konke ukusebenza kukaFacebook kuyabavikela abantu. Lokhu kube yiphutha elikhulu. Ngiyakuxolisela lokhu. Yimi umsunguli kaFacebook, yimi oqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba ngendlela. Ngifisa umhlaba wazi ukuthi yimina okufanele asolwe ngalolu daba,” kusho uZuckerberg obe eseqinisekisa ukuthi useqashe inkampani ezokwenza uphenyo ukuthi ngabe yikuphi okunye okwenziwa “izinswelaboya” zisebenzisa imininingwane yangasese yamalungu kaFacebook.


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*** Ucwaningo olusanda kwenziwa yinhlanganiso yeZimbabwe Christian Council luveza ukuba amabandla ezokholo lweSiKhristu aphambaniswe kakhulu ngumkhuhlane weCOVID-19.
*** Ikhansili yedolobho lakoBulawayo ibambene lohlangothi lwezempilakahle sebeqalile uhlelo lokuhlaba abantwana ezikolo abaleminyaka esukela kutshumi lasithupha -16 ijekiseni eyokuzivikela kugciwane leCOVID-19.
*** Bayazisola kakhulu abanye abantu abancedisa ibutho leZimbabwe ngokutshengisela emigwaqweni befuna ukuba owayengumongameli uRobert Mugabe asuswe esikhundleni. Bathi akulanguquko ekhanyayo elizweni. Kodwa abakubandla leZanu PF bathi uzulu lebutho benza kahle ekususeni uMugabe esikhundleni.
*** Inhlanganiso yababalisi eyeProgressive Teachers’ Union of Zimbabwe ithi amalunga ayo kawasoze angene endaweni abantwana abaloba khona imihloliso nxa bengahlawulwanga imali yokukhangela ukuba imihloliso yenziwa ngemfanelo.
*** UMnu. Njabulo Nzuza, umsekeli kamphathintambo wohlangothi lukahulumende lwendaba zasekhaya kwele South Africa, uthi lolugatsha seluphanyeke amaphepha emthethwandaba luphikisa isicelo sezinye izizalwane zeZimbabwe ezilama Special Permits ezifuna ukuphiwa imvumo yokuhlala kulelolizwe njengabadabuka kuleyondawo - amapermanet residency permits.
*** KuLivetalk kuhlelo lwabesifazana ‘Asiyihluzeni Bomama’ sixoxa ngomkhuhlane weCOVID-19 lokunye okubhekane labomama.


text:
UDABA: Sihle Ndlovu
ISITHOMBE: Twitter
UBenni McCarthy oqeqesha AmaZulu FC, ubona bededele inhlanzi sebeyibambile ngesikhathi bebambana ngo 2-2 neLamontville Golden Arrows ngoLwesithathu.
Kulo mdlalo womkhaya weDStv Premiership bekushubile, kukhala isicathulo, kuphinde kudliwe ibhola endodeni eSugar Ray Xulu Stadium eClermont.
Usuthu belufuna iwini yalo yokuqala kule sizini kodwa kwagcina kungavumanga njengoab i-Arrows igoloze ukufa ukushayelwa esibayeni sayo.
“Bekungumdlalo omuhle kakhulu kodwa ngibona ukuthi siyeke ithuba. Sidlale kahle futhi umdlalo siwuqale kahle kakhulu.
“Sakhe amathuba amahle kakhulu, futhi besibukeka njengeqembu elingashaya igoli noma nini,” kusho uMcCarthy.
“Ngebhadi lethu unozinti wabo ubenalolo suku lapho konke abekukhahlelwa bekumthola esendaweni ekahle.
“Ubelithinta ngeminwe noma ngonyawo okuyinto esivimbe ukuthi siqhubeke nebesikwenza emdlalweni.”
AmaZulu abedlala kahle kakhulu kodwa bekubuye konakale emuva ngenxa yamaphutha ambalwa. Nokho uMcCarthy ubona benza kahle yize bengawinanga.
“Ngiyakuthanda engikubonile eqenjini. Ngesinye isikhathi besimpintshekile kodwa asililahlanga ithemba, siqhubekile nokulwa.
“Ngicabanga ukuthi bekumele sithole elinye igoli ngasekupheleni komdlalo. Ukube uMaduna (Siphesihle) uke wawa ngoba ubekhahlelwa kakhulu besingathola enye iphenathi.
“Lokho bekuzokwenza sibe namaphenathi amabili sobabili. Kodwa kumele umhloniphe umdlali ngokungafuni ukuwa kalula,” kusho uMcCarthy.
FUNDA NALA: UMosele usefuna ukuba yinjini kwiPirates
I-Arrows ithole amaphenathi amabili kulo mdlalo. Eyokuqala uyibeke phakathi uKnox Mutizwa, kwathi eyesibili yashaya ipali yabuyela enkundleni.
“Ngeke sikhononde kakhulu ngokuthola iphuzu elilodwa ngoba libalulekile uma udlala neqembu eliyiqale kahle isizini.
“Ukuthola iphuzu elilodwa kungcono kakhulu kunokuthola induku. Sishaye amagoli amabili okuyinto engijabulisayo.
“Kuyacaca ukuthi sibheke phambili futhi sihamba kahle kakhulu. Ngethemba ukuthi ngokuqhubeka kwesizini
sizobe sisefomini enhle kakhulu.”
Emdlalweni olandelayo AmaZulu azobhekana neBaroka FC ngoMgqibelo. UBenni uthemba ukuthola amaphuzu amathathu kulowo mdlalo.


text:
I-Platform Yethu Ichaziwe
Khetha Abahlinzeki Bokunakekelwa Okuphuthumayo
Khetha Abahlinzeki Abangochwepheshe
Izaziso Zesikhathi Esimisiwe
Khetha phakathi kwesiNgisi, iSpanishi, nesiCreole saseHaiti
Ukungena/Ukubhalisa Kwesiguli
Ukungena/Ukubhalisa Komhlinzeki
"Guqula" phezu kwedivayisi
Inkinobho yokungena ye-ESP
*I-apula Ozimele be-iPhone ne-Samsung ngezabo izinjongo zemifanekiso kuphela.
Isinyathelo 1.
Yiba ne-apula I-iPhone/iPad noma ifoni ye-Android noma Ithebhulethi
Isinyathelo sesi-2.
Thatha idivayisi yakho uye ku-Apple App Store noma Google Play Store, futhi faka: "WL WELL VHS" esigabeni sokusesha sohlelo lokusebenza noma chofoza LAPHA . Yilande.
Isinyathelo sesi-3.
Ngemva kokukhetha ulimi lwakho ku phezulu, khetha inkinobho yomsebenzisi efanele (isiguli/udokotela) bese uqala ukubhaliswa kwakho. Uzohlangabezana nezinga lakho lokuqala lokuphepha ngesikhathi ukubhaliswa kwangaphambili.
Isinyathelo sesi-4.
Abasebenzisi abanesineke , ngemva kokubhaliswa, bangakhetha umhlinzeki ohambisanayo esifundeni lapho "bakhona njengamanje." Ababhalisile abahlinzeki kufanele balinde ukuqinisekiswa futhi ukuqedwa kwenqubo yokugibela.
Isinyathelo sesi-5.
Abasebenzisi beziguli bangakhetha phakathi kohlu lodokotela abaphuthumayo nabahlengikazi abaqeqeshiwe abaqeqeshiwe (abahlengikazi) kulo lonke uhide lwezidingo zokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo okungezona ezeZimo eziphuthumayo noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo onelayisensi yeseshini yokwelapha yangasese.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i- WL WELL VHS
Bonana nodokotela ngokuphepha kwekhaya lakho,
Bonakala ngokushesha,
I-HIPAA iyahambisana,
Izindleko zisuka ku-$69 (Isilinganiso sokuvakashelwa kokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo komuntu phakathi kuka-$150-$300),
Thola incwadi kadokotela ngokushesha,
ABUKHO Ubulungu noma Umshwalense odingekayo!
Isilinganiso. Ukuvakasha kwe- Urgent Care Telehealth nomshuwalense kuphakathi kwama-$75-$99. (Kusengaphezu kwe-WL WELL VHS)
*I-WL WELL VHS isebenziseka kalula. Ngisho nomuntu ofunde kancane ngezobuchwepheshe angakwazi ukuzulazula ngendlela yakhe ukuze anakekele ngaphansi kwamaminithi angu-3. Izingane ezikhulile ezikhathazeke ngabazali bazo ngeke zibe nokukhathazeka mayelana nabazali bazo abasebenzisa i-WL WELL VHS ngezidingo zabo Zokunakekelwa Okuphuthumayo Okuphuthumayo.
Landa mahhala


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Itshe ledayimane lesaha lesaha linobulukhuni obuphezulu namandla. Kufanelekile ukusika ingxenye yodonga lwezakhiwo, ikakhulukazi ukhonkolo we-cement oqukethe ukuqinisa. Usayizi we-saw blade we-Yichen rock saw ungenziwa ngokwezifiso. Ukukhetha i-rock saw efanelekile ngokwemodeli ye-excavator elayishiwe kungafinyelela umphumela ophindwe kabili ngomzamo oyingxenye. Ukuze uthole indawo yokusika isisekelo sodonga lukasimende, i-saw blade enobubanzi obuncane ingafakwa ku-excavator encane ukuze ingene esakhiweni ukuze isebenze. Kuyisinqumo esihle sezimo ezikhethekile zokusebenza.
I-Waste Crushing Master - Ibhakede le-Crusher
Ngaphezu kwemfucuza yokwakha egaywa kabusha, kunemfucuza eminingi endaweni yokudilizwa. Imfucuza ayikwazi ukugaywa kabusha futhi idinga ukudluliselwa endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu ukuze ilahlwe. Indima yebhakede le-crusher wukuchoboza imfucuza esizeni ngaphambi kokudlulisa ukuze kube udoti omncane wezinhlayiyana. Ukuthuthwa kwemfucuza yezinhlayiyana kulula, okungasindisa kakhulu izindleko zokuhamba. Ngemva kokuba imfucuza ithuthelwe endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu, ingangcwatshwa ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokucubungula futhi kube lula inqubo yokulahla.
——Gxila Esizeni Sokubhidliza Futhi Ubone Izinsiza Ze-Yichen Zibonisa Amakhono Azo


text:
Spacious guest room, kitchen, bath in Tremont
Umbungazi ovelele
Ikamelo e-iyunithi yokuqasha ibungazwe ngu-Mark
- Izivakashi ezingu- 2
- ikamelo lokulala 1
- umbhede ongu-1
- Igumbi lokugeza elihlanganyelwayo eliyi-1
Indawo ebekelwe ukusebenza
Indawo ehlanganyelwayo ene-wifi efanelekela ukusebenza.
U-Mark Ungumbungazi ovelele
Ababungazi Abahamba Phambili banesipiliyoni, ababungazi bezinga eliphezulu abazinikele ekuphatheni izivakashi ngendlela ekhethekile.
Ukukhansela kwamahhala ngaphambi komhla ka-Dis 8.
Konke ukubhukha kuhlanganisa isivikelo samahhala sokukhansela koMbungazi, ukunganembi kwemininingwane yendlu, nezinye izinkinga ezinjengobunzima bokungena.
Eminye imininingwane ihunyushwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Lapho uzolala khona
Igumbi
Umbhede omkhulu ongu-1
Lokho ozokuthola kule ndawo
Ikhishi
I-Wifi
Indawo ebekelwe ukusebenza
Ukupaka emugwaqweni kwamahhala
I-HDTV engu-36"
Umshini wokuwasha
Imahhala umshini wokomisa – Kuyunithi
Ukushisisa nokupholisa indlu yonke
I-Patio noma i-balcony
Igceke elingemuva
4.91 out of 5 stars from 378 reviews
Inhlanzeko
Ukunemba
Ezokuxhumana
Indawo
Ngena
Inani
Lapho uzobe ukhona
Cleveland, Ohio, i-United States
- Ukubukeza okungu-4,268
- Ubuwena buqinisekisiwe
- Umbungazi ovelele
- Umsekeli we-Airbnb.org
IsiNgisi: Ngivela e-Cleveland, e-Ohio futhi ngifuna ukuzwa umhlaba nakho konke okudingayo! Uma ngiya endaweni ethile, ngifuna ukuzwa ukuthi abantu bendawo bajabulela ini nsuku zonke. Lapho ngihamba futhi ngibungaza, ngiyakujabulela ukuhlanganyela nokufunda ngabantu nokuthi bavelaphi. Ngiyazi futhi ukuthi kunomehluko phakathi kokuhamba nokuvakasha futhi ngincamela owayekade ekhona.
Ngingumlandeli wezemidlalo omkhulu, futhi ngiyakujabulela ukuhlola izinkundla zendawo, ikakhulukazi i-baseball.
Ngizama futhi ngiphila usuku ngalunye ngokugcwele futhi ngifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi angiziphangi ngokokuzithokozisa okusha nokujabulisayo okungashintsha indlela engibheka ngayo ekuphileni nasemhlabeni.
I-Spanish: Ngivela e-Cleveland, e-Ohio futhi ngithanda ukuzwa umhlaba nakho konke okunikezayo! Lapho ngiya kwenye indawo, ngithanda ukubona ukuthi abantu bendawo benzani ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke, lapho ngihamba futhi ngibungaza, ngiyakujabulela ukuhileleka nokufunda ngabantu nokuthi bavelaphi. Ngiyazi nokuthi kunomehluko phakathi kokuhamba nokuvakasha, futhi ngincamela owokuqala.
Ngingumlandeli omkhulu wezemidlalo futhi ngiyakujabulela ukuvakashela izinkundla zendawo, ikakhulukazi izinkundla ze-baseball.
Ngiphatha futhi ngiphila ngokugcwele nsuku zonke futhi ngifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi angihambi ekuzithokoziseni okusha nokuhle okungashintsha umbono wami wokuphila kanye nomhlaba.
Ngingumlandeli wezemidlalo omkhulu, futhi ngiyakujabulela ukuhlola izinkundla zendawo, ikakhulukazi i-baseball.
Ngizama futhi ngiphila usuku ngalunye ngokugcwele futhi ngifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi angiziphangi ngokokuzithokozisa okusha nokujabulisayo okungashintsha indlela engibheka ngayo ekuphileni nasemhlabeni.
I-Spanish: Ngivela e-Cleveland, e-Ohio futhi ngithanda ukuzwa umhlaba nakho konke okunikezayo! Lapho ngiya kwenye indawo, ngithanda ukubona ukuthi abantu bendawo benzani ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke, lapho ngihamba futhi ngibungaza, ngiyakujabulela ukuhileleka nokufunda ngabantu nokuthi bavelaphi. Ngiyazi nokuthi kunomehluko phakathi kokuhamba nokuvakasha, futhi ngincamela owokuqala.
Ngingumlandeli omkhulu wezemidlalo futhi ngiyakujabulela ukuvakashela izinkundla zendawo, ikakhulukazi izinkundla ze-baseball.
Ngiphatha futhi ngiphila ngokugcwele nsuku zonke futhi ngifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi angihambi ekuzithokoziseni okusha nokuhle okungashintsha umbono wami wokuphila kanye nomhlaba.
IsiNgisi: Ngivela e-Cleveland, e-Ohio futhi ngifuna ukuzwa umhlaba nakho konke okudingayo! Uma ngiya endaweni ethile, ngifuna ukuzwa ukuthi abantu bendawo bajabulela ini nsuku zonk…
Phakathi nokuhlala kwakho
My schedule can be a little busy but when I am around I enjoy talking with guests and learning about where they are from and what brings them to CLE! I love giving recommendations for anyone looking for some cool local spots.
UMark Ungumbungazi ovelele
Ababungazi Abahamba Phambili banesipiliyoni, ababungazi bezinga eliphezulu abazinikele ekuphatheni izivakashi ngendlela ekhethekile.
- Izilimi: English, Español
- Izinga lokuphendula: 100%
- Isikhathi sokuphendula: kungakapheli ihora
Ukuze uvikele ukukhokha kwakho, ungalokothi uthumele imali noma uxhumane nabantu ngaphandle kwewebhusayithi ye-Airbnb noma i-app.
Izinto okufanele uzazi
Imithetho yendlu
Ngena: Ngemva kwalokho 16:00
Isikhathi sokuphuma: 11:00
Akufanelekile ezinsaneni (ezingaphansi kuka-2)
Akubhenywa
Izilwane ezifuywayo azivunyelwe
Ayikho imicimbi noma izenzakalo
Ezempilo & ukuphepha
Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-COVID-19 ze-Airbnb ziyasebenza
Isiqwashisi se-carbon monoxide
Isiqwashisi sentuthu


text:
Ikotishi lezwe elihle kakhulu elinendawo yokubhukuda eshisayo engu-28 °
Umbungazi ovelele
I-ikhaya ephelele ibungazwe ngu-Landry
- Izivakashi ezingu- 16
- amakamelo okulala 6
- imibhede engu-14
- Amagumbi okugeza angu-4
Ukuzingenela
Zingenise ngebhokisi lesikhiye.
U-Landry Ungumbungazi ovelele
Ababungazi Abahamba Phambili banesipiliyoni, ababungazi bezinga eliphezulu abazinikele ekuphatheni izivakashi ngendlela ekhethekile.
Ukukhansela kwamahhala ngaphambi komhla ka-Dis 1.
Konke ukubhukha kuhlanganisa isivikelo samahhala sokukhansela koMbungazi, ukunganembi kwemininingwane yendlu, nezinye izinkinga ezinjengobunzima bokungena.
Eminye imininingwane ihunyushwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Lapho uzolala khona
Ikhasi 1 kwangu-4
Lokho ozokuthola kule ndawo
Ikhishi
I-Wifi
Ukupaka mahhala ngaphakathi endaweni
Kuzimele ngaphandle indawo yokubhukuda - iyashisa
I-HDTV
Umshini wokuwasha
Umshini wokomisa
Ubhavu
Igceke elingemuva
Umbhede wezinsana we-Pack ’n play/Travel
4.92 out of 5 stars from 37 reviews
Inhlanzeko
Ukunemba
Ezokuxhumana
Indawo
Ngena
Inani
Lapho uzobe ukhona
Le Poiré-sur-Vie, Pays de la Loire, i-France
- Ukubukeza okungu-69
- Ubuwena buqinisekisiwe
- Umbungazi ovelele
Sawubona. Igama lami ngingu-Landry nomkami u-Carine. Bobabili abathengisi ngokuzalwa, singabanikazi baleli khaya elihle futhi singathanda ukwabelana nawe ngentshisekelo yethu yesifunda sethu esihle se-Vendee. Sizokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuze ube nesikhathi esihle kakhulu ekhaya lethu. Sithanda ukuhamba phesheya kodwa futhi kakhulu eFrance. Siphinde sixhumane kakhulu nomndeni nabangane, esivame ukukubona ukuchitha izikhathi ezinobungane, ukudla okuhlaba umxhwele...
Sithenge leli khaya leholide ohlwini lwezifiso ngoba litholakala kahle kakhulu futhi sizibona sesinesikhathi esimnandi nomndeni kule ndlu. Sifuna ukukutshela nawe njengoba sixhumene ngempela nale ndawo kanye nezindawo ezizungezile. Sithemba ukuthi kunjalo nakuwe!!!
Sithenge leli khaya leholide ohlwini lwezifiso ngoba litholakala kahle kakhulu futhi sizibona sesinesikhathi esimnandi nomndeni kule ndlu. Sifuna ukukutshela nawe njengoba sixhumene ngempela nale ndawo kanye nezindawo ezizungezile. Sithemba ukuthi kunjalo nakuwe!!!
Sawubona. Igama lami ngingu-Landry nomkami u-Carine. Bobabili abathengisi ngokuzalwa, singabanikazi baleli khaya elihle futhi singathanda ukwabelana nawe ngentshisekelo yethu yesif…
Phakathi nokuhlala kwakho
Ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwakho, sizobe sikhona ukuze siphendule imibuzo yakho, kodwa sizokushiya wedwa ukuze uyijabulele ngokugcwele. Singangenelela ngokushesha uma udinga ngoba sihlala amakhilomitha ayi-5 kuphela ukusuka e-Oda, kodwa siyabazi abanikazi bangaphambili abasahlala esigodini !!! uyohlale ekhona ozokusiza! !!!
Ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwakho, sizobe sikhona ukuze siphendule imibuzo yakho, kodwa sizokushiya wedwa ukuze uyijabulele ngokugcwele. Singangenelela ngokushesha uma udinga ngoba sihl…
ULandry Ungumbungazi ovelele
Ababungazi Abahamba Phambili banesipiliyoni, ababungazi bezinga eliphezulu abazinikele ekuphatheni izivakashi ngendlela ekhethekile.
- Izinga lokuphendula: 100%
- Isikhathi sokuphendula: kungakapheli ihora
Ukuze uvikele ukukhokha kwakho, ungalokothi uthumele imali noma uxhumane nabantu ngaphandle kwewebhusayithi ye-Airbnb noma i-app.
Izinto okufanele uzazi
Imithetho yendlu
Ngena: 15:00 - 18:00
Isikhathi sokuphuma: 10:00
Ukuzingenela nge ibhokisi lesikhiye
Akubhenywa
Izilwane ezifuywayo azivunyelwe
Ayikho imicimbi noma izenzakalo
Ezempilo & ukuphepha
Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-COVID-19 ze-Airbnb ziyasebenza
Isiqwashisi se-carbon monoxide
Isiqwashisi sentuthu