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(Matewu 5, Luka 6, KwabaseKolose 3, KwabaseRoma 8)
Copr. 2010, Bruce N. Cameron, J.D. Yonke imibhalo ivela ku-New International Version (NIV), copr. 1973, 1978, 1984 i-International Bible Society, ngaphandle umakuchaziwe. Imibhalo esuka ku-NIV isetshenziswe ngevumo ye- Zondervan Bible Publishers. Impendulo ezikhethiweyo zitholakala kuzigobholozi (). Uma usamukela lesi-Isifindo nge-email, kodwa sibesisilahleka ungasithola kule ikheli ye-web: http://www.GoBible.org. Thandazela ukuba uMoya Oyingcwele uvule ukuzwisisa kwakho ungakaqali ukufunda.
Isigeniso: Usuke wezwa amaKrestu bakhuluma “ngokukholwa” le “misebenzi?” Kunjalo usuke wakuzwa. Uma ungaboni ukuthi lokhu kuyigoqela njani lindaba kukhangele ngelinye ilihlo: “ukulunga ngokukhangela.” Okweminyaka kuyavumelana. Konke kuyavumelana, singiqale ukukholwa ukuthi ngendlela esikhangela ngayo. Konke kusuka endleleni esikhangela ngayo. Isifundo sethu lamhlnje siphathelane “lokucabanga okuhle,” okuzwakala njengelinye ibala elikhuluma “ngokukhangela” Kasingeneni esifundweni sethu sizwe ukuthi singafundani ngalokhu!
I. Ukubulala
A. Funda kuMatewu 5:17-19. UJesu uyibona njani imithetho elitshumi ?
1. UJesu ukhuluma ngokuhlanganisekz bani okuzakwenzakala ngabalandeli bakhe lemithetho elitshumi? (UJesu uthi abalandeli bakhe kabasoze bavumelane ekugcinweni kwemithetho elitshumi. Usitshela ukuthi ezulwini, labo abafundisa lapha ukuthi ukuthi ukugcina imithetho kwakungalunganga, kabasonze bebehamba ngendlela yezulu. Bazabe behamba ngendlela engayisiyo.)
a. Kangabe kulungile ukuthi sikhangele manje hatshi ukungena ezulwini kuphela kodwa isimo sethu khonale? Kumele sibe khonale inaphakade yonke! (Uma ungathi “yebo,” kutsho ukuthi ukulungisisa ubudlelwano bethu lomthetho kubalulekile.)
B. Funda ku Matewu 5:21. Ukuzwe ngaphi lokhu? (FUnda ku-Eksodusi 20:13: “Kawusoze ubulale.”)
C. Funda ku Matewu 5:22. Kuyatholakala na lokhu emithethweni elitshumi? Njengoba uJesu enguNkulunkulu, kangisoze ngimalisa amandla okwenza imithetho emitsha. Kodwa uJesu waqala ngokuthi kumele sifundise abantu ukugcina imiyalo ekhona. Kazange esitshele ukuthi sense emitsha. Uwacasisa njani amazwi kaJesu nokucasuka lokubiza ngamagama abanye?
D. Funda ku Luka 6:43-45. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesihlahla lesithelo lungabe luyini? Imvelo yesihlahla yiyo eyenza imvelo yesithelo.)
1. Kasisebenziseni lokhu emutshweni kaJesu ngokubulala. Ukubulala yisithelo loba yisihlahla?
a. Ukucasuka yisithelo loba yisihlahla?
b. Ukubiza ngamagama yisihlahla loba yisithelo?
c. Inhliziyo yisithelo loba yisihlahla? (UJesu kenzi imithetho emitsha. Uveza ukuthi izenzo ezimbi zisuka enhliziyweni embi(ukukhangela okubi). Ukubizana ngamagama lokucasuka kusuka enhliziyweni embi. Yikuvumbuluka kwendlela yokukhangela engacina esenza ukuthi umuntu abulale.)
E. Funda ku Genesise 4:1-5. Kungani uKayini wayengajabulanga. (UNkulunkulu kwakukhanya ngani ukhetha u-Abeli phezu kwakhe.)
1. Kungani uNkulunkulu waba lokukhetha omunye phezu komunye? (Okuvezwa lapha yikuthi u-Abeli walalela uNkulunkulu ngokuletha umnikelo wenyamazana.)
a. Isimo somnikelo sibalulekile na? Kakuyi ngmumo lokuthi umuntu uphiweni? U-Abele wayekhulisa inyamazana, uKayini wayengadi yezithelo. Ukungafanani kudinga ukuthi omunye lomunye anikele ngendlela ehambelana lesipho sakhe, kakunjalo na? (Kukhanya kakunjalo.)
F. Funda kuGenesise 4:6-8. Zama ukulandela ukuthi okwakhokhela ekubulaleni kungabe kuyini? (Ukulngalandeli imithetho kaNkulunkulu, ukucasuka, ukuwala ukukhuzwa, kucine ngokubulala.)
1. Uyakubona na ukuthi ukucasuka kuhambelana lokubulala?
2. Uma ube unikeza uKhayini ukuxwayisa ukuthi uvikele loluhlupho, unganikeza kuxwaya bani?
3. Khangela njalo uGenesie ukuvikela indlela yokuya ekubulaleni? (UNkulunkulu utshela uKayini ukuthi kumele “ananzelele” indlela yakhe yokukhangela elesono. Kulokhuthi uKayini enze lokhu akubona kufanele kumele ukuthi enze lokhu okulungileyo phambi kukaNkulunkulu.)
G. Kasilandeleni ukuthi singaba lokukhangela okulungileyo kanjani.
II. Indlela ezimbili
A. Funda kuZaga 14:22. Yisiphi isinxumo esibalulekileyo okumelesisilandele ukuthi sazi indlea yempilo yethu? ()Kulamabala amabili abalulekileyo “ukuhlela” lo “kujonga”. Aveza ukukhetha ukwenza okuhle lob okubi. Impi yesono enqondweni yakho eqala ngenqondo yakho-iloba, uhlela okuhle loba ujonga okubi empilweni yabanye.)
B. Funda ku KwabaseFiliphi 4:8. Lokhu yikuzi hlola. Uma ulesikhathi sokuthi umcabango wakho uhambe ngendlela ofisa ukuhamba ngayo, ucabanga ngani?
1. Ucabanga ngokubaleka lomyeni womyne yumuntu? Ucabanga ngokuthi kuwujabulanga okungakanani lapho uziqathania labanye? Uyacabanga ngokuthi ulomona kangakanani ngabanye? Ucabanga ngokuthi omunye umuntu ungamkhangelela phansi njani?
2. Uyahlela ukuthi ungaphathisa njani omunye umuntu? Uyahlela ukuthi ungaba yisibusiso njani komunye umuntu?
3. Loba, ucitha isikhathi sakho ucabanga ngokuthi ungazenza ubengcono njani loba ismilo sakho empilweni? (okweminyaka eminingi ngangihlala ngicabanga ngokuthi nginga guqula njani ibhasi ibeyidlu eyimoto ukuthi ngihlale kiyo lapho “sengingasasebenzi”. Ngizakuba lethuba lokuthi ngiyitshayele iMelika yonke ngifundisa lesi isifundo ngitshumayela. Kwakumnandi njalo ngangiphangisa ukualala ngiceba konke lokhu. Kungabangcono okungaanani ngabe ngcitha isikhathi ngehlela impilo yomunye umuntu ukuthi ingabangcono njani kulokuthi ngeze ibhasi ibengcono.)
4. Ukufunda kwakho, ukubukela isibonebone lokulalela iwayilesi kuhambelana njani lokufundwa kuvesi 8? (Kulamandla amakhulu kulokho esikucabngayo.)
C. Funda ku kwabaseKolose 3:1-2. Usuke wacabanga ngokuyekela umsebenzi? Ukhathazekile ngokuthi uzakuba lemali engakanani loba ukuthi uzaphila isikhathi esingakanani (okuyimibuza efanayo)? (Ngaphandle nxa usemcane kuwungeke ube usucabange ngalezi izinto.)
1. Uyawazi umutsho othi, “Ngiza lala/ngiphumule/ngengene ekhuphumuleni sengifile?” sicabanga ukuthi longumdlalo, Ngoba akekho akucabangayo kakuhle okwenzakalyo uma usufile. Oloba kwabasi kholose uthi? Kumele sicithe siikhathi esiningi sicabanga ngezulu, yatshi ukuphumula lapha.)
D. Funda kwabaseKolose 3:5 lakubaseKolose 3:12. Ukwenza njani lokhu?
1. Usuke wazama ukuthi imicabango yakho ezintweni ezinhle? Usukue wazama ukukhangela okuhle (okungamnandi) “ubulale” isibonebone esimnadi?Kusebenza njani lawe lokhu?
2. Usuke wacitha isikhathi ucabanga ngokuthi “ungaziqokisa” ngubumnene? Loba uzama ukuthi wenqabele ukuyangeka?
E. Kasikhangeleni. Sinanzelele ukuthi ukukhangela kuhle yisihluthulelo wokujabulisa uNkulunkulu. Sifundile njalo ukuthi ukukhangela okuhle oyazikhathela. Kumele sikhangelise imicabango yethu “ezintweni eziphezulu,” kulokuthi sijabulise njani “okusemhlabeni.” Kuzasisiza ukuthi sihambese phambli okuhle hatshi okubi.
III. Holy Spirit Power
A. Unless you are considerably more righteous than I am (which I hope is true) your television tastes tend towards the exciting and you never spend time figuring out how to be humiliated as opposed to avoiding being humiliated. (By the way, if you object to me equating being humble with being humiliated, your objection is sustained.) If you are like me, you know that focusing your mind on the good is no simple task. Let’s turn next to how we can do this. How do we place our thoughts on what is good rather than what is evil?
B. Read Romans 8:5-9. What does the Bible teach us is the key to right thinking? (First, we get back to this issue of having to make a choice – a choice between what our human nature desires and what the Holy Spirit desires for us. But, once we make the choice, the Bible says (three times!) our minds become “controlled” by the Holy Spirit.)
1. What is our fate if we fail to ask the Holy Spirit to control our thinking? (Paul, who is the champion of righteousness by faith alone, tells us that if we do not make the right decision about who controls our thoughts, we will suffer eternal death. We cannot have faith, we cannot please God, if our attitude is evil.)
C. Mngane ukusindiswa kuza ngomusa kuphela. Kodwa, ukukhetha ukwamukela musa yindlela yokukhangela. Uzakheath lamhlanje ukucela uMoya Oyingcwele ukuthi aze asithungamele athungameleimicabango, ukuze imicabango (lenkanuko)kuzajabulisa uNkulunkulu?
IV. Iviki ezayo: Ithemba phakathi kukudangala.


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uAlbert Luthuli eOslo – 11.12.1961
“iAfrika neNkululeko”
Le nkulumo eyethulwa nguMhlonishwa uAlbert Luthuli eOslo zilishumi nanye kuDisemba 1961 kade ngayizolo emukela umklomelo owaziwayo wabakhuthalele ezokwazisana nokuzwana, iNobel Peace Prize, ayeyinike isihloko esithi “iAfrika neNkululeko” isematheni nonyaka njengoba kuhlangana owamashumi amahlanu (50) kusukela lapho, kanti-ke futhi uKhongolose, uLuthuli ayekade enguMongameli-jikelele wakhe kuze kube sekuhambeni kwakhe emhlabeni (1967) ubehlanganisa owekhulu (100) zolo lokhu (2012).
Izingqapheli emhlabeni wonke zaziyilindele ngamnyama le nkulumo; okaLuthuli wayengowokuqala ngqa kwelaseAfrika ukukhethelwa ukwemukeliswa lo mklomelo, ewemukeleliswa unyaka owawusuwendulele ka-1960. Selokhu kwaqala ukwemukeliswa lo mklomelo onyakeni ka-1901, sewemukelwa nangabathile emazweni ehlukene abaziswayo ngentshisekelo yabo yenkululeko nokwazisana emphakathini – njengoMartin Luther-King jr. waseMelika (1964) noDag Hammarskjöld waseSwidi (1961) noWilly Brandt waseJalimane (1971) noJassir Arafat wasePhalestina (1994) noCarl von Ossietzky waseJalimane (1935) noKofi Annan waseGhana (2001) kanye nabakithi oDesmond Tutu (1984) noNelson Mandela (1993) noFrederik Willem de Klerk (1993).
Kuleli shashalazi avulelwa lona ongumemukeli womklomelo ukuthi ethule le nkulumo abathi yiNobel Lecture, izethameli zithola khona ithuba lokuzizwela ngemibono nezaba abaluleke ngazo kwezokulamula ezinxushunxushwini nasekukhuthazeni ukubhobokelana nobanjiswano ekudaleni inhlalakahle noxolo. Yahluba udlubu ekhasini ekaLuthuli:
Yayikade isiwabekile ngayizolo amazwi okubonga ngokukhethwa kwayo njengowokuqala ngqa kwelaseAfrika ukuzokwethweswa le minyezane, yathi ayizibongeli yona, ibongela umphakathi wakwelakubo eNingizimu-Afrika ocindezelwe ngumbuso wobandlululo nendluzula, umbuso weapartheid, kanye nomakhelwane emazweni amanye eAfrika nabo abasashikashikana nokuthukulula izibopho nokulanda amathuba namalungelo okuziphilela nokuziphilisa iAfrika eyayiwephuciwe ezikhathini eziphambili.
Yabakhumbuza insizwa kaLuthuli ikakhulukazi abaseYurophu ukuthi abanye babo namuhla baphila emazweni abuswa ngentando yeningi, lapho imithetho yakhona ihambisana nezivumelwano zomhlaba zokuhlonipha nokuvikela amalungelo awo wonke umuntu ngokungabandlululi (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations, 1948) – amazwe edlula emizabalazweni nasezimpini ezinzima, ezazamazisa umhlaba ngezikhathi zazo, imizabalazo nezimpi ezifana nokusashikashikanwa nazo namuhla ikakhulukazi kwelaseAfrika. Yabakhuthaza abangahambisani nobandlululo nobudlova ukuthi baqhubeke ukweseka umzabalazo wenkululeko eNingizimu-Afrika.
ULuthuli waliphakamisa elokuthi umphakathi waseNingizimu-Afrika ufanele ukunconywa ngokungagijimeli ekuphindiseleni ngolaka nangezikhwepha nalapho ugqilazwa, ucekelwa phansi ngezikhali – wakhumbuza ngesiwombe saseSharpeville ngoMashi wonyaka ongaphambi kwalowo (1960) lapho amaphoyisa ombuso weapartheid adubula, abulala kukhonondwa ngesihle, kungahlonyiwe. Waqhubeka, wakhumbuza ngokuthi eminyakeni yonke engamashumi amahlanu (50) selokhu uKhongolose aqala ukuwuqhuba nokuwuhola umzabalazo wenkululeko, azikho izaba ezingakaze zizanywe ukuthukulula ifindo lobandlululo nengcindezelo ngokubonisana nangaphandle kokuthathelana izikhali nòma ababusi babelokhu beqhubekile, begqilaza, behlupha ngemithetho nangezikhali njengoba benzile naseSharpeville! UKhongolose nezinye izinhlangano ayekade esebenzisana nazo base benikwe isaziso sokuthi sebenqatshelwe (1960), bethweswa amacala anzima abaningi ababekade bekhuthalele umzabalazo.
Lahlaba lephukela kwabathile uma okaLuthuli elimisa ngesihloko, ekhononda, ethi: Umbuso wobandlululo nengcindezelo, umbuso weapartheid kuthi noma kwaziwa ukuthi ubusa ngobudlova nangokuchitha igazi, kube kuqhutshekwa-nje ezinhlanganweni zezizwe zomhlaba sengathi akwenzeke lutho, lo mbuso weapartheid nawo uphathwe ngokufanayo njengemibuso eqhuba ngentando yeningi nangokuhlonipha nokuvikela amalungelo awo wonke umuntu ngokungabandlululi. Wakugxeka kwezwakala lokho.
Ikhombisa ulwazi olunzulu le nkulumo ngesimo nangokusebenzelana kwamazwe nezinhlangano zawo kwezombusazwe nezomnotho kanye nangomlando kusukela ezikhathini ezingaphambi kokufika kwabaseYurophu eAfrika naseMelika. OkaLuthuli, ikholwa elaziwayo, uthi uma ebalisa ngokudumala anakho ngobuqili okusetshenziswa ngabo inkolo yobuKhristu ngabombuso wobandlululo nengcindezelo, umbuso weapartheid, ukuzigunyaza ukubusa ngobudlova, bagodlele abomdabu amalungelo okuziphilisa ngokunesithunzi ezweni lokhokho babo, yabacacela abaningi inselelo ababhekene nabo uma nabo njengamakholwa belangazelela ukuthi naseNingizimu-Afrika igcine ifikile inkululeko. Wasibeka isifiso sakhe uMhlonishwa uLuthuli sokuthi sengathi imithandazo nezinqumo zoMhlangano wamaKholwa aseMhlabeni-jikelele owawukade banjwe eGoli ngaphambidlana kwalokho (Conference: World Council of Churches, Cottesloe, South Africa, 1960), zingemukeleka ezindlebeni nasezinhliziyweni zababusi kwelakubo, lupheze ulaka, ziphumelele izaba zomphakathi ukudala uxolo nokuletha inkululeko ezweni.
Isisusa sezinxushunxushu nombangazwe uLuthuli usibona ekweswelekeni kwesimilo nemfundiso emiphakathini yababusa ngendluzula, ulangazelela ukuvuselelwa kobuqotho nokwazisana emphakathini, uBuntu – ‘brotherhood of man’ njengokukhuluma kwangalezo zikhathi. Imiphumela encomekayo yokubuyisana emva kwezimpi zomhlaba eyavela eNhlanganweni yeZizwe ngesiPhakamiso samaLungelo obuNtu (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations, 1948) uyibona uLuthuli iyithuba lezizwe emhlabeni wonke ukuthi ziphindele esimweni sokwazisana nokuhloniphana nokubonelelana njengomakhelwane abanesimilo – ubuNtu; waze wathinta encwadini kaIzaya umphrofethi lapho kubekwa khona isithombe salowo nalowo ezihlalelele ngokuthula ethunzini lomkhiwane wakhe nezizwe ziguqula izikhali, zenza amakhuba okulima.
Ababelindele ukuthi uMhlonishwa uLuthuli uzobanika isiqiniseko noma ethembise ukuthi uma kungase kugcine kwenzekile ukuthi umphakathi waseNingizimu-Afrika uphumelele emzabalazweni wawo wokuqeda ukucindezelwa nowokuzitholela inkululeko, uyolibusa ngomusa nangokubonelela izwe, ngaphandle kokubamba amagqubu nokukhokhisa isibhongo kubacindezeli banamuhla, wabalandulela ngesihle okaLuthuli ebabuza ukuthi ngubani ongaba nesiqiniseko ngokuqhubeka kwesimo, ebaxwayisa futhi ukuthi yikho khona lokho okufanele kuqakanyelelwe ngokuthi kukhuthalelwe ukuxhasa umzabalazo namuhla, uphumelele kungakonakali kwedlulele. Ithemba ayenalo ngelokuthi umphakathi waseNingizimu-Afrika uyolwazisa njalo uzwelo nobanjiswano emzabalazweni, ubemukele ngesasasa ezweni elikhululekileyo abahlobo bawo bonke.
Ikakhulukazi abaseMelika nabaseRashiya (eSoviet Union) kanye nabaseYurophu wabanika inselelo okaLuthuli ngokubaxwayisa ngengozi yokubhubhisa umhlaba equkethwe yilezi zikhali zonyazi (nuclear weapons) asebeviva ngazo, wethula ithemba lokuthi mhlawumbe amazwe aseAfrika angakwazi ukulugijimela phambili, alunqande ulaka lokubhujiswa komhlaba ngokuthi abe ngabahlanganisi phakathi kwabaseMpumalanga ngabaseNtshonalanga, zigotshwe, zingcwatshwe zingasetshenziswanga izikhalikazi lezo. ‘IThuba leAfrika’ ekuvuseleleni ubuNtu emhlabeni nasekuvuleni amathuba amasha ohwebo nokudlelana ngokubonelelana kwakuyisihloko esisemqoka kule nkulumo eOslo.
(Sisazoqhubeka ekuyibekeni ngamafuphi le nkulumo esiphindile futhi yaba sematheni)
nguBheni kaMkhulunyelwa noMaZungu wakwaKhumalo eBaQulusini
– uDkt uBen Khumalo-Seegelken, www.benkhumalo-seegelken.de –

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I-TCDD Eryaman CK-1, CK-2, B-1, B-2, B-3 Amabhlokhi wokufakelwa kwaManzi ngokuSebenza kweZindlu ze-148 Emiphumeleni yethenda
I-TCDD Eryaman CK-2, CK-2020, B-155398, B-794.293,17, B-1 Amabhlokhi anezindleko ezilinganayo ze-TCDD 2 Regional Purchasing Service Directorate (TCDD) 1/2 KIK yeTurkey State Railways Enterprise (TCDD) Amafemu ama-3 angenise amabhidi ethenda yokufakwa kweGeyser kwi-Service House nalowo ozokhokhisa amabhidi £ 737.500,00 isiphakamiso DLULA A YAPI MÜHENDİSLİK SAN LTD It unqobile. Amafemu ama-2 abamba iqhaza ithenda engenisiwe ngaphansi kwenani lomkhawulo.
Ithenda ihlanganisa imisebenzi yokufaka i-Geyser Ukufakwa Kwezindlu Zesevisi eziyi-1 ku-TCDD Eryaman CK-2, CK-1, B-2, B-3, B-148. Isikhathi somsebenzi ziyizinsuku zekhalenda eziyi-152 (ikhulu namashumi amahlanu nambili) ukusuka ekulethweni kwendawo.


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Uma ukholwa izibalo, amawele cishe cishe wonke umuntu. Kubandakanya izinkanyezi phakathi kwabalingani babo be-stellar.
Uyakhumbula ukumangala kwakho lapho bekutshela ukuthi kuyi-Star Wars Padmé noPrincess Amidalu badlalwe nguKeira Knightley noNatalie Portman? (Usuvele utshele ngalokhu?) Futhi manje lungiselela ukumangala ngisho nakakhulu, ngoba uKira noNatalie akuzona kuphela abahlonishwayo bohlobo olufanayo!
1. Hilary Swank no Missy Peregrim
Ngokuqinisekile, akuzona amawele, kodwa angakwazi ukuthatha indawo eyodwa kwenye indawo.
2. Taylor Lautner noChris Humphries
Mhlawumbe uKim Kardashian uhlukanisile noChris Humphries lapho eqaphela ukuthi akayena uJakobe ovela "eTwilight"?
3. Katy Perry noZoe Deschanel
Ngicabanga ukuthi ukulinganisa kwamafilimu ne-Zoey Deschanel kwanda kanjani inkanyezi uKaty Perry evuliwe?
UBradley Cooper noRalph Fiennes
Cha, uBradley Cooper noRalph Fiennes bangumuntu oyedwa, kuphela nge-nose plasty ...
5. Ingabe uFerrell noThadi Smith bazoba khona
Futhi futhi kwadingeka uzibuze ukuthi kungani ku-Red Hot Chili Peppers amadrama adlala nguWill Ferrell?
6. UCindy Crawford no-Eva Mendes
UCindy Crawford no-Eva Mendes baze babe nama-moles cishe endaweni efanayo!
7. Ian Somerhalder noRob Lowe
Ngokuvamile, kunikezwe umehluko weminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye phakathi kukaRob Lowe no-Ian Somerholeder, iqiniso lokuthi abanye abadibanisa nabo bangabhekwa njengokwazisa kuRob owaziwa kakhulu.
8. Keira Knightley noNatalie Portman
O, lo mbhangqwana ovelele ...
9. UMilla Jovovich noLinda Evangelista
Ukulingana okungu-70% phakathi kukaMilla Jovovich noLinda Evangelists kuyiqiniso, ukubaluleka kokwenza izimonyo. Kodwa lezi 30% ...
UBill Murray noJames Belushi
UBill Murray, uJames Belushi ... futhi kancane kancane uTom Hanks.
11. UMelanie Griffith noMeg Ryan
Amadoda amaningi angaboni ngokucophelela umlingani ohlobo olufanayo - enezici ezifanayo, izitayela zezinwele. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi u-Antonio Banderas ngemuva kokuhlukanisa noMelanie Griffith usevele eqala ukubheka iMeg Ryan?
12. UCameron Diaz no-Helena Christensen
Konke mayelana nalezi ezingenasici.
13. UJamie Pressley noMargot Robbie
Ucabanga ukuthi uJamie Pressley uzodla kaningi kangakanani ukuthi akayidlala i-Harley Quinn "e-Suicide Squad"?
14. UGarik Kharlamov noMat Damon
Uma ibhizinisi lika-Matt eHollywood lihamba kabi, uyohlale ekwazi ukufunda isiRussia futhi ahambe nemidlalo yamahlaya emadolobheni wesifundazwe emazweni angaphambili e-CIS!
UKim Kardashian noNicole Scherzinger
Cha, uKim Kardashian akakwazi ukudideka nomunye umuntu. Kodwa futhi ukuphikisana nalokho okufana nalokho okufana noNicole Scherzinger, akuyona into enengqondo.
UMarion Cotillard noMila Kunis
Owesifazane ongumFulentshi ohlanzekile uMarion Cotillard kumelwe ukuba wayejabule, ukuthi ulahliwe iminyaka engu-7, edideka uMila Kunis.
17. Tim Roth no-Abramovich waseRoma
Kubonakala sengathi ngiyazi ukuthi ngubani ozodlala i-Roman Abramovich, uma ngabe ifilimu yenziwa ngaye! Futhi njengoba iRoma ihamba kakhulu futhi ingena emibuthanweni ephakeme yomphakathi, kungenzeka ukuthi yena noTim Roth sebevumelene kakade ngalokhu ngokwabo.


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Ukukhomba Izinja Zomuzi
Izinja zasendlini (Canis familiaris) zingabangela umonakalo omkhulu emapulazini emfuyo. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi yizinja ezilambele kuphela ezidala ukulimala, kodwa empeleni ngokuvamile ziyizilwane ezifuywayo ezifuywayo kahle, ezincane nezinkulu, ezihamba ngokubulala. Izinja zingaba yizinto ezivela emgwaqweni okhethekile kuJack Russel noma eBoerboel futhi ukubhujiswa kuvame ukonakala xa besebenza emaphaketheni.
Izinja zingakwazi ukuhamba amakhilomitha ukuyobamba izilwane futhi zihlwanyele ukubhujiswa. Abantu abaningi abavame ukungazi ukuthi izinja zabo azikho okuhle. Ngisho naseKapa kuye kwaba nemibiko yezinja ezakha amaphakethe nokuhlwanyela ukubhujiswa eTable Mountain ngenkathi abanikazi babo bengasekho emsebenzini. Kuyinkinga ikakhulukazi uma amapulazi eseduze nezindawo zokuhlala.
Ukubulala Nokuzondla
Inja yizilwane ezinonya kakhulu. Baqhaqha futhi balume inyamazane yabo ngokungahleliwe, kungekho ndlela ehleliwe. Kuzoba khona amathrekhi amaningi, njengoba izinja zifuna ukuxosha nokuluma inyamazane yazo ngenkathi zigijima eceleni kwazo. Amawundlu amancane avame ukulunywa esifubeni, emuva noma ikhanda, kuyilapho amawundlu amakhulu noma izimvu zilunywa noma kuphi emzimbeni. Ukubanjwa kungabonakala nakwezintambo, ikhanda, izindlebe, intamo noma izinhlangothi zomdla.
Ngokuvamile ukubulala kungabonakali - kuhlanzekile futhi kuhlanzekile njengokwenyama yemvelo - kanti isidumbu sivame ukudonsa. Umonakalo futhi uvame ukubanzi, kanti izilwane eziningana zikhubazekile noma zibulewe.
Iminyango ivame ukudideka neyomuthi, kepha ingxenye yangemuva yezinyawo ayikho imifantu efana ne-W ngokuvamile yomndeni wekati.
Inani lenyama lidliwayo lihlukahluka, kusukela kunanoma yikuphi okunye okunengi. Ukondla kuvame ukuvela ekupheleni kwesiphambano, lapho izicucu ezinkulu zikhuphuka ezidumbu. Amathambo amakhulu ayohlolwa noma kudliwe futhi izingcezu zoboya zingahlakazeka yonke indawo. Izingcezu ezinkulu zesikhumba nazo zingase ziqothulwe ezilwaneni.
Ukuphathwa
Ucingo kagesi yisilinganiso esihle sokuvimbela izinja. Uma izilwane zifakwa ekraal noma emakamelweni, uma kwenzeka izinkukhu, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinja azikwazi ukungena ngokuhamba noma ngaphansi kocingo.
Uma kunenkinga, kungcono ukubandakanya iNhlangano Yezokuvimbela Ukuphathwa Kwezilwane (SPCA). Izinja zepulazi kufanele zifakwe ebusuku, zifakwe ngokufanele futhi zingavunyelwe ukuzulazula zingavunyelwe ukuba zivimbele ukuba zingabi inkinga.
Izinja ezilahlekile zingabanjwa ngezicupho zezinyoni. Umlimi unelungelo elingokomthetho lokudubula inja epulazini lakhe ukuze avikele imfuyo yakhe.
Translated by Nsika Khoza


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Ekukhuleni, Inkolo
Bulgakov Sergey Nikolaevich, isazi sefilosofi Russian, isazi semfundiso yenkolo, mpristi wama-Orthodox: Biography
sefilosofi Russian yenkolo, uSergei Bulgakov - abantu ikusasa ngingakhululeki. Wakwazi ukudabula ukungabaza futhi uthole indlela yabo ukuba uNkulunkulu, wadala imfundiso yakhe siqu uSophia, wakwazi ukunqoba le ukungabethembi abangani ukungamukeleki zenkolo baphile ngokuvumelana nonembeza nokholo.
Ebuntwaneni Nomkhaya
Bulgakov wazalwa Sergey N. 16 (28) July 1871 ngo Livny, e umpristi omkhulu umndeni, wesigodlo yesonto elincane emathuneni. Ubaba Sergei ukufundisa izingane (futhi bheka wayengasekho eziyisikhombisa) in the isiko Orthodox. Umndeni wayeya njalo esontweni, izingane walalela, kamuva ufunda imiBhalo ngokwabo. Sergey ngokwazisa zikhunjulwe esengumntwana, lapho efika mbeni ubuhle bemvelo isiRashiya, elisekelwa bemibuso emisiwe ezinkonzweni. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi wakuzwa union bokuzwana noNkulunkulu. Wakhuliswa njengomFarisi njengomKristu oyisibonelo, e neminyaka yakhe yakudala wayekholelwa ngobuqotho kuNkulunkulu.
kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo
Eminyakeni 12, Bulgakov Sergey waqala ukutadisha esikoleni zenkolo, wayengumuntu ngalesi sikhathi ngamazwi akhe, "indodana abaqotho zeSonto." Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni, wangena sobufundisi edolobheni lakhe lokuzalwa Livny. Ngalesi sikhathi lapho icabangisise indlela ukuxhuma ukuphila kwakhe enkonzweni kaNkulunkulu. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, sebephothulile ekolishi, Bulgakov ingena sobufundisi orel. Lapha wafundiswa iminyaka emithathu, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ushintsho oluphawulekayo endleleni enhle abheka ngayo, ukuthi ubhekene nenhlekelele ezijulile ezingokwenkolo, into dooms ukuba ukungakholwa kuNkulunkulu. Lost ukholo iSonto Lobu-Orthodox ngo-1987, Bulgakov Washiya esikoleni sobufundisi ke eminyakeni engaphezu ezimbili izifundo classical lolimi zesikole Yelets. Kamuva, lapho engena eMoscow State University, Faculty of Law. Ngo-1894 yena ngempumelelo ukumelana kovivinyo lokugcina futhi wathola iziqu zeMasters nge imfundo efanele.
ukubukwa ekuseni
Kakade esikoleni sobufundisi onyakeni wokuqala Bulgakov Sergey uhlangabezana ukungabaza sína postulates zenkolo futhi ukusinda esibucayi ojulile lokholo odlulela kuye ukuba banakekele kusukela sabefundisi, kodwa futhi zokusondelana ethandwa kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi Marxists. Uyazikhandla kulesi siqondiso esisha zefilosofi bona futhi ngokushesha waba theoretician phambili Marxism eRussia. Nokho, ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi ukwehluleka ithiyori lithuthuka maqondana ukukhohliseka. Ngo-1902, waze wabhala isihloko esithi "Ukusuka Marxism ukuba ukukhohliseka," echaza ushintsho imibono yakhe.
Lezi zinguquko kokubukwa yakhe ziyavumelana umoya isikhathi, nezazi Russian kwalowo sikhathi besihambisana nesiminyaminya ithonya ukukhohliseka German futhi kamuva yenkolo. Ujwayele Bebel futhi Kautsky, emibhalweni uVladimir Soloviev futhi UTolstoy amhambise ukucinga emkhakheni osopolitiki abangamaKristu ukuba nodaba okuhle nokubi. Okwesikhathi esithile, Bulgakov uyawuthanda cosmism, ngemva Nikolaem Fedorovym. Lesi sicelo, yena azibiza ngokuthi "ubuKristu social" ngokuphelele kufanelekile ku ukuvela Russian umcabango yefilosofi kwesikhathi.
Kancane kancane waqala lapho umcabango Bulgakov ukuvuthwa kanye namafomu, indlela ukunxanela kwakhe zefilosofi kahle ithumba umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu wokuqala - incwadi "Ngibambeni elingabuniyo".
umsebenzi Sikhungo
Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, uSergei Bulgakov (biography ixhunywe hhayi kuphela nefilosofi kodwa futhi ngemfundiso) kuyinto emnyangweni ukuze ubhale ocwaningeni yakhe zobudokotela, waqala ukufundisa umnotho zezombusazwe ngesikhathi Imperial Technical School eMoscow. Ngo 1898, i-University ithumela yona iminyaka emibili phezu uhambo ucwaningo eJalimane. Ngo-1901 wamela mqondo yakhe futhi wathola isikhundla Uprofesa emnyangweni wezomnotho kwezombangazwe we Kiev Polytechnic Institute. Ngo-1906 waba uprofesa e-Moscow Commercial Institute. izinkulumo Bulgakov zibonisa indlela ukunxanela kwakhe, iningi labo izoshicilelwa njengoba imisebenzi zefilosofi kanye nezenhlalakahle. Kamuva wayesebenza njengoba uprofesa wezomnotho kwezombangazwe futhi uprofesa wolwazi lwezenkolo Tauride University futhi lihlele uhlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli umthetho kanye nemfundiso yenkolo ePrague.
Okwehlela umsebenzi womphakathi
Ngemva kokujoyina Marxists e 1903. Bulgakov Sergey wahlanganyela emthethweni Congress wokusungula we-Union of Liberation, elimalungu alo babe Berdyaev, uVladimir Vernadsky, VI Amathuna. Njengengxenye imisebenzi Union Bulgakov ukusakaza ukubukwa yokushisekela izwe, njengoba umhleli walo magazini "Indlela Entsha". Ngo-1906, isazi sefilosofi ithatha ingxenye esebenzayo ekudalweni we-Union of ezombusazwe abangamaKristu, kusukela ebanjwa in iphini wesibili Duma State ngo-1907. Nokho, kungakabiphi, lo ukubukwa antimonarchist ayeka ukuba khona useduze naye, futhi uyahamba uhlangothi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, akabe esaba uzame bahlanganyele iminyakazo zenhlalo futhi ligxile umsebenzi wayo lokubhala imisebenzi zefilosofi lesibonwa.
nefilosofi zenkolo
Ngo-1910, uSergei Bulgakov, ogama nefilosofi uyeza iphuzu eliyinhloko sokuthuthuka, wahlangana Pavlom Florenskim. Ubungane phakathi ongqondongqondo ezimbili ahlanganiswe kakhulu umbono Russian. Phakathi nale nkathi ekugcineni Bulgakov kubuyela esifubeni zenkolo, kuyifilosofi yobuKristu. Wamphatha-aspect isonto-esisebenzayo. Ngo-1917 ukushicilelwa wakhe incwadi-esiteji "ne Khanyisa elingabuniyo," futhi kulo nyaka Sergey ithatha ingxenye in the Zonke-Russian Local Council, elikhishiwe kwezinye izinguqulo sabefundisi kuleli zwe.
Isazi sefilosofi ngaleso sikhathi eningi ecabanga izindlela yentuthuko yezwe nezihlakaniphi. Wabhekana inguquko njengoba eshone kabuhlungu konke okwakuyigugu kuyena empilweni. Bulgakov ayekholelwa ukuthi lesi sikhashana nzima emahlombe abapristi umsebenzi okhethekile ukusindisa isintu nengokomoya. Impi yombango kwagcizelela umqondo apocalypse yangibeka Sergei Nikolaevich ngoba izinqumo ezibalulekile ekuphileni.
umpristi Indlela
Ngo-1918, Bulgakov owamiswa umpristi. Ukuzinikezela senzeka ngo-June 11 ngesikhathi Danilovsky Monastery. Ubaba uSergiyu eduze uTikhon futhi kancane kancane uqala ukudlala indima sasivumela okuphawulekayo Russian iSonto, kodwa lishintshiwe empini. Ngo-1919 waya eCrimea eyolanda umndeni wakhe, kodwa ukubuyela eMoscow wayengasazimisele sinqunyelwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaBolshevik Bulgakov ukuwakhipha kusuka kothisha YaseMoscow Commercial Institute. Ngo Simferopol, usebenzela eyunivesithi kanye baqhubeka nokubhala imisebenzi zefilosofi. Kodwa kwaba uhulumeni wamaSoviet ngokushesha ukuphuca kuye ngaleli thuba.
ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe
Ngo-1922, uSergei Bulgakov, ogama amabhuku zazingamukeleki iziphathimandla ezintsha, iSoviet, wathunyelwa eConstantinople nomkhaya wakhe. Ube esenikezwa isignesha incwadi ethi wathunyelwa kusukela RSFSR unomphela futhi uma ukubuya ngeke abulawe. Kusukela waseConstantinople Bulgakov wathutha ePrague.
Sergey akukaze wafuna bashiye amakhaya abo, okuyinto wayelithanda kakhulu kuye. Kikho koke ukuphila kwakhe wakhuluma nokuziqhenya ngemvelaphi yakhe Russian kanye umsekeli asebenzayo isiko Russian, baphoqwa ukuba khona phesheya. Wayefisa wake ukuvakashela Russia, kodwa akwenzekanga lokho. Ekhaya wayeyindodana Bulgakovyh Fedor, ubani ayengeke aye azibona.
ePrague kwesikhathi
Ngo-1922, Bulgakov Sergey kuziwa ePrague, lapho waqala ukusebenza Russian Isikhungo Faculty of Law. Ngaleso sikhathi, ePrague wabizwa ngokuthi "Russian Oxford" lapha emva kwempi kuhlanganisiwe abameleli abanjalo wefilosofi zenkolo njengoba Lossky, G. Vernadsky, Struve, P. Novgorodtsev. Ingakapheli iminyaka emibili, Bulgakov wafundisa imfundiso yenkolo lapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wenza inkonzo esontweni umfundi lasePrague, omunye ezifundeni suburban.
Bulgakov wahlala ehostela sikhungo ngokuthi "Svobodarna" owanikhipha ndawonye iqembu okhazimulayo ososayensi Russian ongqondongqondo. Ubaba uSergiyu kwaba umsunguli umagazini "Izwe okungokomoya," okuyinto yashicilelwa izihloko ezithakazelisayo okuqukethwe zenkolo. Wabuye waba omunye wabagqugquzeli oyinhloko 'Russian Student Christian Movement ", elimalungu alo ehola Russian ongqondongqondo emigre nososayensi.
Paris kwesikhathi
Ngo-1925, ubaba uSergiyu kanye nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela esijana eParis, lapho, ne iqhaza akhe asebenzayo, wavula lokuqala Orthodox Theological Institute, dean noprofesa okuyinto uba. Kusukela ngo-1925, wenza eziningi uhambo, uhambo cishe wonke amazwe aseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Paris isikhathi futhi uhluke operation olunzulu zefilosofi Bulgakov. I ovelele eminingi yemisebenzi yakhe kwalesi sikhathi yilezi: trilogy "iWundlu likaNkulunkulu", "uMlobokazi weWundlu," "uMduduzi", incwadi "Burning Bush". Njengoba inhloko yesikole St uSergiyu Bulgakov, uSergei kudala isikhungo kwangempela okungokomoya isiko Russian e-Paris. Uhlela umsebenti ekwakheni isakhiwo, ngokuthi "Sergey House." Iminyaka sobuholi bakhe 20 kubonakala encane izakhiwo edolobheni futhi amasonto. Ubaba uSergiyu futhi wasebenza nabantu abasha, abe uthisha odumile futhi umeluleki kubafundi.
nezilingo ezinkulu okwakhuthazelelwa Bulgakov e seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili wayesesikebheni sikhathi kakade ugulela ukufa, kodwa ngisho mibandela abayekanga umsebenzi wakhe ukudala imisebenzi yenkolo-zefilosofi. Yena ukhathazekile ngekusasa yezwe lenkaba yawo futhi kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Sophiology Bulgakov
I nomqondo wefilosofi ye Bulgakov kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa yenkolo. Umcondvo lobalulekile - UZandile Ukuhlakanipha kukaNkulunkulu nokuhlakanipha kwezwe - Kwakungekusha umcabango zenkolo, ngenkuthalo ke uye wazakhela Soloviev, kodwa uBaba uSergiyu waba nakho kwayo okujulile kwangaphakathi, noma ukwambula. imibhalo sezenkolo-zefilosofi Bulgakov siswele ubuqotho futhi ukungaguquguquki, kunalokho, it is wavuma ezincwadini zabo, utshela mayelana nakho kwakhe ezingaqondakali. umqondo Main ezingokomoya zabantu bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe, uSophia, uZimu ngokuhlakanipha kwakhe, kuyaqondakala ngetindlela letehlukene: kusukela samuntu ubufazi njengoba kokusekelwa kwezwe ukuba main sibumbane izinto, ukuhlakanipha jikelele futhi ubuhle. Imfundiso yokuziphendukela Bulgakov walahlwa iSonto Lobu-Orthodox, wayengabhekiseli asolwe ngokuhlubuka, kodwa waveza amaphutha kanye yezinqumo ezingahlakaniphile. Imfundiso awuzange yazuza uhlobo okuphelele wahlala zibona sasivumela ahlukahlukene.
ukuphila Siqu
Bulgakov Sergey Nikolaevich waphila izenzakalo ukuphila okwanelisayo. Emuva ngo-1898, washada indodakazi umninindlu Elene Ivanovne Tokmakovoy, okwakuthatha kuye zonke izinhlupheko nezinsizi zokuphila, futhi babebaningi. Lo mbhangqwana kwakukhona bantfwana labasikhombisa, kodwa ababili basinda. Ukufa ezintathu Ivasheka baba olujulile, okuhlangenwe nakho ebuhlungu Bulgakov wazibandezela le sazi ukuba uzindle yize ukuhlakanipha kwaleli zwe. Ngo-1939, umpristi wathola ukuthi unomdlavuza emphinjeni, wabhekana kokuhlinzwa ku imisipha yaso yokukhuluma, kodwa wafunda ngokusebenzisa omkhulu ukusho ngemva kwalokho. Nokho, ngo-1944 waze washaywa unhlangothi, okwaholela ekufeni 13 Julayi 1944.
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Kuyini Ukulima Ngaphandle Kwamakhemikhali?
Ukulima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali kunanyana kusetjenziswa ezinto zokulima ezingoni ibhoduluko ukwenza qhono ipilo yehlabathi, ukuvikela imvelo nokuqiniseka bona abantu banepilo. Abalimi basebenzisa iindlela zesintu kanye nezakwanjesi zokulima bazihlanganise nerhubhululo ukuqiniseka ukulingana kwemvelo.
Ukulima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali kutjho ukusebenzisa iindlela zeomvelo kanye neendlela ezingoni ibhoduluko kanye neensetjenziswa. Akukavunyelwa setjenziswa iimvundisi ezinamakhemikhali kanye neenunwana.Umqopho wokulima ngaphandle kwekhemikhali kukobana kube nebhoduluko elinepilo, ukudla okunepilo kanye nabathengi abanepilo, imikhiqizo izoba nepilo, abathengi nabo babe nepilo kanye namasotja womzimba amahle. Ukulima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali kuyahluka kunokulima ngebhayoloji, nangokulima ngomhlobo wokulima obizwa bona yi-conventional farming.
Ukulima ngebhayoloji akoni ibhoduluko, begodu nakurhonakalako, kusebenza iimvundisi zenganamakhemikhali kodwana abakhiqizi bavamise ukunande bafika i-nitrogen (N) ehlabathini ukwenza ncono zepilo yayo. Iimvundisi kesinye isikhathi zivela emakhemikhalini.
I-convetional farming kulokha iindlela zokulima zisetjenziswa ngenjongo yokuthola isivuno esinengi. Nange kufakwa i-herbicides, iintjhabalalisi zeenunwana kanye neemvundisi khulukhulu kutjalwa umhlobo munye wesitjalo, ekubizwa bona yi-convetional farming.
Yenziwa njani i-Biodiverisity
Lochay kutjalwa iintjalo ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali, iintjalo ezehlukeneko zitjalwa zoke ukwenza i-biodiversity ekulu.Umkhiqizi okhiqiza ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali kutlhogeka bona abenimihlobo eminengi yenlwane ekungarhonakala ngayo eplasini lakhe – iinlwane ezifana nenyoni, iinunwana ezincani, kanye nemihlobo eminengi yentjalo, ekubizwa bona yi-ecosystem, nange i-eco-system ingalinganiseki, kunomhlobo munye wenlwane
ezinengi kungaphenduka kube bulwelwe. Isibonelo, lokha iinkhova zisuswa eplasini, amakhondlo angaphenduka amalwelwe nanyana alethe amalwelwe, ngombana azikho iimbandana ezidla inyama zeemvelo ukuzilawula.
Hlangana neembonelo zokulima ngaphandle kwamakhelikhali kubalwa i-ukuzombeleziswa kweentjalo (ukungatjali isitjalo esimhlobo munye nyakanonyaka ehlabathini yinye), ukutjalwa iintjalo ezimhlobo omunye kanye namathuthumbo arherha iinlwane ezidla inyama zebhawoloji (iinunwana ezidla iingogwana kanye nokusetjenziswa kwembulali ngogwana zemvelo ukulwisana namalwelwe kanye nengogwani).
Kuthonywa njani Ukulima Ngaphandle Kwamakhemikhali
Umlimi ofuna ukuthoma ukulima naphandle kwamakhemikhali kutlhogeka bona abe nelwazi elilandelako:
Kulindelweni kumlimi olima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali?
Ngimiphi imikhiqizo evunyelweko nanyana engakavunyelwa ekulimeni ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali.
Ngiziphi iindlela zokulima ezisetjenziswa ekulimeni ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali begodu kubayini.
Utlolisa njani/usthola njani istifikeyidi sokuba mlimi olima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali.
Njani/nanyana ngiyithengisa kuphi imikhiqizo elinywe ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali.
Umlimi olima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali kufanele athome athole ikhophi yemithetho emitjha yeSewula Africa athathe isiqunto sokobana ufuna mlimi okhiqiza imikhiqizo elinywe ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali mantanzi nanyana avele azilimele ngaphandle kwawo. Istifikeyidi singenziwa yihlangano ye-Afrisco. Nekuyihlangano yeSewula Africa eqale zokulima, ngaphasi kwe-IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agricultural Movements) standards. Kunemali ebhadelwako begodu i-inspector izokuza qobe nyaka izokuhlola. Ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali begodu bangathengisa imikhiqizo yabo ngaphasi kwelogo ethileko yestifikeyidi.
Bavikelwe mthetho begodu batloliswe njengabakhiqizi abakhiqiza ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali. Umkhiqizi akatlhogi ukwenza isiqiniseko sokobana ulima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali ngeplasi lakhe loke begodu akatlhogi bona anikele isiqiniseko ngeentjalo zakhe zoke. Kodwana kufanele kube nomehluko osepepeneneni hlangana nentjalo ezitjalwe ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali nalezo ezitjalwe ngawo.
Kuneskhathi setjhuguluko ekuthomeni kokulima ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali. Nekusikhathi esithathako ukutjhugulukeni ekulimeni ngamakhemikhali ukuya ekulimeni ngaphandle kwawo. Isikhathi sokutjhugulukela sithatha iminyaka emibili eentjalweni ezitjalwa qobe mnyaka ezifana nemirorho begodu kuthathe iminyaka emithathu eentjalweni ezifana neenthelo kanye namadiriyibe.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana


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Iziphathamandla ze COPAC zikhuthaza intathelizindaba ukuthi zingaqineli ukuloba indaba ezibuyisela emuva uhlelo lokuqoqwa kwembono yabantu ezangena kusisekelo sombuso esitsha selizwe.
ICOPAC yenze linkuthazo emhlanganweni ewuqhube lentathelizindaba kanye lenhlanganiso ezizimeleyo ko Bulawayo ngolweSihlanu.
Kubikwa kungelamali eneleyo yokuqhuba loluhlelo, njalo amaqembu aqoqa imbono kazulu ayaxotshwa emahweteleni ngenxa yokungabhadali.
Isiphathamandla se COPAC, uMnu. Believe Gaule utshele uSithandekile Mhlanga we Studio 7 ukuthi kuphindwe kwavunyelwana emhlanganweni lo ukuthi kubuyelwe eNkayi leTsholotsho ukuyaqedisa ukuqoqa imbono kazulu.


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Impilo, Amalungiselelo
Umuthi 'Gentomitsin ". Yokusetshenziswa
"Gentomitsin" imfundo manual uchaza njenge-ejenti-antibiotic ngesimo i wamafutha elimhlophe aphuzi (noma okumsulwa white) umbala. ingxenye Active - sulfate gentamicin. Okunye izithako: petrolatum ezimhlophe, upharafini. Umuthi kuboniswa ukusetshenziswa ongaphandle.
Lapho echaza lo mshini wezenzo zomuthi "Gentomitsin" Umsebenzisi Isicelo ubonisa izindawo bacteriostatic zezinto asebenzayo. Aminoglycoside-antibiotic kuthinta inqwaba izilokazane ezincane (igremu-HIV futhi igremu-negative). Ngu namagciwane abangela izifo bembonisa kuvelana isithako, zifaka hlangana, Pseudomonas, E. coli, Proteus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella. izidakamizwa Ngaphansi ezinzima has kusebenta maqondana streptococci. It akuphazamisi "Gentomitsin" amagciwane, isikhunta nezinto ezincane eziphilayo anaerobic.
Ingxenye aminoglycoside izidakamizwa-antibiotic ingena esikhunjeni futhi lwamafinyila kubi ngokwanele, okuholela umphumela resorptive neze livela. Omunye isicelo ubude kusebenta zokwelapha inakekelwa amahora eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi nambili. Ngakho, lesi sidakamizwa ovunyelwe ukusebenzisa kanye noma kabili knock ngaphandle kokubheka isimo futhi ukugeleza zokugula, kobukhulu umonakalo.
"Gentomitsin". Izinkomba.
Umuthi kuboniswa ngoba impatho ngezihloko ezihlukene amanxeba isigaba ohlelweni lwesibili ekuhlinzeni ukuvimbela imiphumela ukonakala, combustiology (ashise imithi) nge frostbite. Umuthi kuboniswa ukusetshenziswa e nezesikhumba ngoba izifo zesikhumba bemvelo ezithathelwanayo (ngaphandle folliculitis, pyoderma, dermatitis, imihuzuko, izilonda, eczema, induna) kubangelwa amagciwane bembonisa kuvelana izidakamizwa.
"Gentomitsin" imfundo evumela ukusetshenziswa e ukulimala yasendlini ukuqeda imihuzuko amancane izilonda, ukuvuvukala, amanxeba equkethe mass necrotic.
Umuthi senzelwe lokusebenza olungaphandle nezokusigcoba. Namafutha sisetshenziswa ngqo emva yokwelapha esezingeni phezu lilimele. Top ukulungisa oyinyumba gauze ibhandishi. Ivunyelwe ahlawuliswe mafutha anamakha phezu ibhandishi kuqala, bese isilonda.
Lapho ukwelashwa ukusha walisebenzisa kabili noma kathathu ngesonto. Ngo isilonda ukuphulukisa wamafutha sisetshenziswa 2-3 izikhathi ngosuku zonke izinsuku. Umthamo kunqunywa indawo ephindwe abathintekayo. Ekwelapheni olubanzi ukusha nenani lomuthi ngosuku - akukho ezingaphezu kuka-200 mg lo muthi. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa kunqunywa Dynamics ephulukisa izilonda, kanzima izinhlobo zokugula. Njengomthetho, isikhathi kwesicelo - kusukela izinsuku eziyisikhombisa nane.
Isicelo pathologies dermatological kuhilela ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke zomuthi. "Gentomitsin" imfundo manual uncoma zisebenze kule ndawo eyayithintekile behamba ungqimba elincanyana izikhathi 2-3 kungqongqoza ibhandishi gauze ne isicelo endaweni inkinga. Isikhathi ukwelashwa pathologies dermatological, ngokwesilinganiso - kweviki elilodwa nambili.
Ngo ebukhoneni exudate ku erosions kanye nezilonda enze kwangaphambilini egeza (inqubo magciwane) i-hydrogen peroxide Furacilinum noma boric acid.
ukubonakaliswa Esibi wamafutha "Gentomitsin" yokusetshenziswa libhekisela ngesimo ukuqubuka iguliswa esikhumbeni, ukucasuka, ukulunywa, ububomvu.
Umuthi is contraindicated ku esigabeni sokuqala isilonda sisheshe siphole lapho hypersensitivity.
Asincomi ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside wamafutha bazihambisa ezindaweni eziningi kakhulu ngenxa amathuba imiphumela resorptive. Lokhu, ayiphephile iziguli esingamahlalakhona kwezinso.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kumele uxhumane onguchwepheshe.
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Kukhona hoverboards eziningi ezingekho emthethweni laphaya kuyatholakala emakethe, futhi uncamela ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uyoba munye lapho ivikeleke ukugibela wena noma izingane zakho. Lezi hoverboards ayatholakala kusukela amafemu ohluke ngokuphelele ngobukhulu ezahlukene futhi ifomu ukuze bahlangabezane nemfuneko umuntu. Izikhulumi ngaphakathi Segway hoverboard kuthiwa limbozwe carbon fible embozwe Ingaphandle. Thola edingekayo hoverboard yakho Scooters self-kulinganisa kagesi qathatha yakho ngokuyala kusukela esizikhethayo ezinkulu, Koowheel E1 mkhulu kunezinhliziyo bendabuko isikuta kagesi.
Okokuqala, kwaba Patent Innovative imfashini design cool Koowheel.
Okwesibili, it has Mahhala APP ukuqopha bese wabelana wonke uhambo lwakho, ukushintsha izilungiselelo.
Okwesithathu, ukubonisa LED isikrini ngokuphelele ukukhombisa ibhethri nesivinini. Zonke lezi zici zinhle izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Lo mkhiqizo cishe hoverboards enkulu zonke engake atholakala futhi iza izici ezimangalisayo eyenza kube efanelekayo umgomo walo. Ngemva kwalokho, senze bacubungula hoverboards ukunikela izinqumo ephumelela kunazo.
Iningi Mini Segway hoverboards ube ngesivinini ahlukahlukene kanye nesisindo. Ekhuluma ijubane futhi ziyahlukahluka we hoverboard, lena presents isivinini max ka 22km / h. Kungase mhlawumbe ukulayisha 80-100kg isisindo kuso. Zokuthutha Private manje iba extra kujabulise futhi enza izinto ezihlukahlukene lapho umuntu eba self sekulinganisa Scooters/ hoverboards . Yazi-nendlela Ungumngane oyinhloko isintu lokho ekuthuthukiseni yokuphila akunika izinketho eziningi ukuthola brand isici esisha emhlabeni nge isinyathelo ngasinye.
Kuleli Self Ukulinganisela Izikuta Uhlolojikelele Iwebhusayithi, sike safike kubuyekezwe lezi nabathengisi okungaba esinokwethenjelwa nokuhlakanipha ukunikela amabhodi asezingeni elifanele. Nezimfashini evikelwe okwamanje ziyeza futhi ayatholakala emakethe. Shift ngakwesobunxele noma efanele ukuze ujike, noma shift emuva ahoxise. Izikuta kwase kuthengiswe ngoba ikakhulukazi umuntu izakhiwo ukusetshenziswa izingane. Nokho, kusukela umcabango wami siqu, okunye okukhethwa kukho kokushaya Kungasiza ekusweleni kothile kodwa hhayi bonke. Noma yimuphi leliphasi kunaleyo, futhi lomthengi qaphela - ungase futhi sithambekele ukuthenga lemon. Isibuyekezo ELISHA: BEWARE ukuthenga ngemali ephansi wenza Koowheel knockoffs! Nakuba Scooters uzame ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho ngokunikeza kwakho nge uhlelo twin okulinganisa, ungase ufune ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho nakakhulu. Uma unomuzwa wokuthi ibhizinisi wakho engenakho ukuthi umuzwa yesimanje, ungase ushintshe kalula ukuthi ngokuthenga ambalwa self sekulinganisa Scooters. Ungase balukhulume ngisho emakhoneni ngesivinini ngokweqile ngempela kwenzeka kuwe latawufundziswa nje isici ohlangothini.
isikhathi Iposi: Nov-30-2017


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줄루어 사도신경 / Apostle Creed in isiZulu (South Africa)
The Apostles’ Creed (isiZulu) Ngiyakholwa kuNkulunkulu, uYise, uSomandla, uMdali wezulu nomhlaba. nakuJesu Krestu, iNdodana yakhe ezelwe yodwa, iNkosi yethu. Owamukelwa kuMoya oNgcwele, wazalwa yintombi uMariya. Wahlupheka kuPontiyu Pilatu, wabethelwa esiphambanweni, wafa wembelwa, wehlela esihogweni. Ngosuku lwesithathu wabuye wavuka kwabafileyo; wenyukela ezulwini, uhlezi ngakwesokunene sikaNkulunkulu, uYise, uSomandla; lapho eyakuvela khona, uzothetha amacala abahleziyo nabafileyo. Ngiyakholwa kuMoya oNgcwele; ngiyakholwa kulo… Read More »
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Ukudla kanye iziphuzo, Yiqiniso main
Starch: izinzuzo futhi efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka. izakhiwo awusizo lamabele amazambane isitashi
Kuze emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, isitashi ibe udumo ububanzi phakathi Sebawoti njengendlela ukudla njengendlela agent ewusizo emnothweni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izwe usefunde "esibi" iqiniso ekusetshenzisweni yayo fattening futhi ulahlekelwe impilo yabo! Kuyadingeka ukucacisa lokho empeleni unika umuntu isitashi. Izinzuzo kanye efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka - Umqondo okuphambene njengoba ubusuku nemini. Likuphi iqiniso futhi yini eqanjiwe?
Ukuze ithe "i" kufanele kube "welulele 'isitashi ibe izingxenye zalo ingxenye futhi uqonde ukuthi ngamunye wabo kuthinta umzimba womuntu, yini edingekayo futhi yini kuyingozi.
Amazambane isitashi: izinzuzo efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka
Omunye wemithombo eyinhloko yamandla ezikhungweni zokuphehla umzimba womuntu kukhona carbohydrate. Mono- futhi di-saccharides - lokhu carbohydrate elula, lapho amazambane isitashi abanalutho abajwayelene ngakho. Polysaccharides - Amakhabhohayidrethi, kakhulu, kuphela eziyinkimbinkimbi, lapho libhekisela isitashi.
Izinzuzo kanye efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka efana namanje PHIKISA ezahlukene ososayensi izingqondo. Ngakho-ke uvele abezindaba izinganekwane mayelana fat umzimba, okuyinto zenzeka ngenxa ukuluthwa ezinganeliseki ukuba Kiselyov, futhi amazambane athosiwe.
Ingxenye ethile ingqondo kulokhu kuthenga. Awukwazi ukuthola umuntu ukukhuluphala, ababengeke bathande futhi wayengeke asebenzise izitsha okukhulunywa. Kodwa lokhu isigamu-iqiniso. Iqiniso wukuthi kuba polysaccharides - ebalulekile zempilo emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa isitashi - ekukhuthazeni kwesisindo!
kuyigxathu
Nabalandela ngendlela enempilo wokuphila, owathuthela ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa amazambane kanye amazambane pancake kokudla irayisi iphalishi, futhi pasta, ukwenzela ukungena okuncane kakhulu, njengoba amaNtaliyane Chinese noma, babengesona. Empeleni esikhundleni "zigcwele". Okuqakatheke ekudleni kwabo, akukho okushintshile. Futhi zonke ngoba lokhu kudla entsha "enempilo" aqukethe polysaccharides.
Imfihlo inqubo ukulungiselela amazambane othandekayo, uma amazwe eRussia uPetru Okokuqala by. Qhathanisa wena:
- Raw amazambane tuber kuyinto-ngamakwata amathathu amanzi, ikota esisele eyabangela wonke lo ukudla okuqinile. Starch e kuba esingaphansi ngisho kwaleso.
- I isitashi ecubuziwe isivele 11%.
- 14% yalolu ketshezi e amazambane abilisiwe.
- 35% polysaccharides yakhiwa fries French.
- Chips - 53%!
Ngokulingene ewusizo kulo. Njengoba e lemali okudliwayo, izinga layo. Ukusetshenziswa ukudla okunesitashi iyathinteka.
Kungani isidingo yemifino isitashi?
- Kubalulekile imisipha zemicu ingqondo.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla adingekayo amasosha omzimba isitashi.
- Izinzuzo kanye efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka efana ngayinye umzimba ngamanye - kumelwe kukhunjulwe. Kodwa ezehlela bonke ithonya elihle kusukela ukusetshenziswa kwalesi polysaccharide - ukukhiqizwa energy. Ngaphandle-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi umzimba ongakwazi ukuzenza.
- Uyasiza umzimba ukuze simelane izinqubo ukuvuvukala.
- Yehlisa izinga likashukela egazini, ithandwe phakathi abantu abanezifo ezinjengesifo sikashukela.
- Starch ehilelekile kumiswa acid organic.
Ngesitashi: inzuzo noma umonakalo?
Lolu hlobo isitashi iyafana amazambane nge umehluko omncane - kungcono kilojoule kancane xaxa. Ingabe 300 kcal amagremu 100 izinto "omnandi" amazambane, 330 kcal iqukethe ngesitashi. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo nsé.
Norm - lena kangakanani?
Lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo: zingaki isitashi ngelanga kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha sivamile umuntu ovamile? Uma ungeke ucabange ukuphila kwami konke ngaphandle amazambane, kungaba ngokuphepha akudle usuku amakhilogremu amane, inqobo nje uma neminye imikhiqizo kulesi simo ngeke kube. Akumangalisi ukuthi amanye odokotela linqume ukuba iziguli zabo amazambane Ukudla.
Isexwayiso: isitashi!
It kuvela ukuthi yonke "izindaba horror" ngale ndaba - "duck", eyenziwe mncintiswano nezimboni? Ngakho ukuthi abantu ngempela manje isitashi ube?
Izinzuzo kanye efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla isebenza kuphela imikhiqizo yemifino equkethe le polysaccharide. Ingozi enkulu kubabangele ocacile isitashi ukushintshwa. Akazange anqotshwe umzimba noma yini ngawo angase bazuze. Okuqukethwe negative ngomnikelo omncane ukwenza izindlela mechanical futhi amakhemikhali for processing amazambane eluhlaza noma corn isitashi ekulungiseleleni. Kuyinto kule ndaba kukhona ukuntuleka wezokudla fibre, ngakho umzimba udinga, kanye nezakhi bambalwa kakhulu.
Futhi uma wekhaya abavamile uyakugwema ngokungeza ekudleni isitashi ezivezwa izindlela zezimboni, kungenzeka uphawulile ukuthi umkhiqizo namanje uwela phezu kwetafula lokudlela umndeni wakhe izinto eziningi eziphawulekayo. Phela, bonke abantu sebethanda izinto ezibhakiwe wabhaka kusukela high quality, okusho ukuthi ufulawa vysokokrahmalnoy. I "isitha" is ungenele empilweni yomuntu, ezifihle imayonnaise, isoso kanye neminye imikhiqizo eminingi, lapho isitashi sengezwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza.
Kuyinto lokhu powder emhlophe onekhono lapho sicasulwa hormone ukwehluleka, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nezinye izinkinga ecasulayo ngokulinganayo kubantu.
Yini okumelwe uyenze?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo isobala, kodwa kuyodingeka umzamo abanye kusuka umuntu okhona.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba senqabe imikhiqizo equkethe ukukhiqizwa isitashi ezimbonini. Kungenziwa ngokucophelela kabusha funda uhlu izithako ebhaliwe isembozo of umkhiqizo, kodwa kuwukuhlakanipha ukuya besipha ukudla elula okuzenzela.
Kungcono ukuba ngakususi unomphela kusukela ekudleni ayi esitolo-uthenge, ayi, nososo, esithosiwe kanye neminye imikhiqizo efanayo futhi ukudla okusheshayo. Well bazogcwalisa futhi bazuze izitsha okulungiselelwe ekhaya ngezithako esekhulile eziqiwini ezizimele.
Okwesibili, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi kusukela isitashi, okungena emzimbeni kanye kanye ukudla amaprotheni, abaningi ungalindeli okuhle. Wavele akuyona akheka njengoba ane-alikhali acid abahilelekile, ngeke abe matasa eziswini amaprotheni. Uzothini isitashi? Vele luhlala kumaseli amafutha komzimba womuntu.
Kodwa abanjalo "esikanye izihambi" amazambane, i-squash, ummbila, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, isithombo, ithanga, horseradish nemifino efana njenge amafutha yemifino, ukhilimu omuncu, ukhilimu - inzuzo kuphela! Zisize wena empilweni!
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Homeliness, Ukwakhiwa
Ukusetshenziswa Bitumastic ngalinye 1 m2 isisekelo ungangenisi amanzi, uphahla, iphansi, amapayipi, imithombo
Ngo ukusebenza kwe-ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, kanye zonke izinhlobo zokuxhumana Njalo sibhekana uma isimo sezulu sisibi. Ukuze zivikeleke contact umswakama futhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ekubhujisweni esetshenziswa ungangenisi amanzi. Izinhlobonhlobo lezi zinto, kunezindlela eziningi. Kulokhu, omunye ethandwa kakhulu iyona asphalt ze-mastic. Leli thuluzi Kulula ukusebenzisa futhi engabizi. Ngaphambi ukwelashwa kubalulekile ukwenza izibalo ezifanele futhi ukuthola ngqo ukusetshenziswa ibitume mastic ku 1 m2 ungangenisi amanzi. Lokhu kuzovumela ukusebenza njengoba kahle ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ukugwema ekuthengeni izinto ezingadingekile.
injongo Bituminous
Usebenzise le ethandwa ungangenisi amanzi impahla kungenzeka ukwelapha ezihlukahlukene timphawu tesakhiwo kwezakhiwo kanjalo nezinhlaka. Ngokuvamile, i-asphalt mastic iye yasetshenziswa ukugeza izingxenye komhlaba kwesisekelo noma ezindlini. Libuye libe yindlela esetshenziselwa nokuvikela izindlu ezinophahla oluyisicaba. Sebenzisa i-mastic kanye nokuvikela ezindlini zewayini singangeni komhlaba. Kulokhu, ukucutshungulwa kungaba kwenziwe kokubili ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Ukuvikelwa ngempumelelo kakhulu kusukela ukusetshenziswa kwale nto zingenziwa ngoba izingxenye komhlaba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba amafomu ezincane lathumela (gazebos, senhliziyo, amaslayidi zezingane, nokunye. D.). Ukuphela engezansi zezingongolo kocingo nakho kaningi aphathwe ncamashi le nto.
Ngezinye izikhathi zisebenzisa i-mastic ngoba gluing imidweshu roll ungangenisi amanzi izinto ezindaweni ezahlukene. Cosi, isibonelo, uphahla yokuqedela ne ukufulela wazizwa noma izisekelo. Ngokuvamile i-mastic futhi esetshenziselwa amapayipi ukucutshungulwa zokuxhumana kanye nemithombo.
izinhlobo Abezindaba
ukusetshenziswa Bitumastic by 1 m2 ungangenisi amanzi kuncike ngokuyinhloko ezihlukahlukene zalo. Lokhu kwaziswa inhlanganisela organic compounds banezimfanelo izakhiwo cementitious. Bitumastic kungenziwa labizwa by criteria eziningana. Ababonakali ngezikhundla, isibonelo, emakhazeni nasekuhambeni-hot ezahlukeneyo zalo. Esimeni sesibili ngaphambi kokufaka sealant Incibilikile emgqonyeni. samuntu Cold kusho ekuqaleni has a ukungaguquguquki uketshezi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sealant kuyinto ngomhlangano noma ezimbili-ngxenye. Inketho yokuqala ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha emva kokuthenga. Two-ingxenye mastic aqukethe amathuluzi amabili ahlukene exutshwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ngu uhlobo lezisekelo lezo zimali ihlukaniswa phezu iraba (nokunwebeka), uwoyela polymer ezivamile.
ukusetshenziswa Bitumastic kuncike ukungaguquguquki
Yiqiniso, lo mkhulu indaba, ayanda ukusetshenziswa. Yazi indlela ngqo mastic ezidingekayo ukuze kusebenziswe 1 m 2 ebusweni, omunye angafunda uma yokusetshenziswa. Lokhu abakhiqizi izinga ucacise saziso. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mastic ashisayo ngokuvamile esingaphansi abandayo. Iqiniso ukuthi into evuthayo encibilikisiwe uwela kwamanzi njengoba ngqo ngangokunokwenzeka, ingeyona izindunduma futhi imigodi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-mastic iye ashisayo cishe akukho ukuncipha. Ngenxa yalokhu kanye ukusetshenziswa encishisiwe. Ngo abandayo consistence mastic ngokuvamile viscous kunalaba encibilikisiwe. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa surface kubalulekile ukuchitha impela eningi.
Flow rate kuye isibalo izingqimba
It ihlanganiswa ne isisekelo yesikhathi esisodwa noma flat ophahleni mastic elamukelekile Ngokuvamile akunjalo ngelithi. Ngakho-ke, ubuso ziphathwe le nto kaningi 2-3 ungqimba. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ugweme ngokuphelele ukuxhumana nomuntu umswakama fluff ebusweni. ukusetshenziswa Bitumastic by 1 m2 ungangenisi amanzi nomkhiqizi ngokuvamile icacisa ungqimba eyodwa kuphela. Ngenxa yalokho, kumelwe imiyalo etholakalayo figure kulesi sibalo iphindwe 2 noma 3.
Ukudla okuqinile futhi embhedeni ukushuba
mastic Cold, ngokungafani ashisayo, ngokuvamile inika ukuncipha enamandla kakhulu. Inani lamanje impahla phezu iphathwa ngemva ukuhwamuka we izinto eziwuketshezi ngokuthi zinsalela ezomile. Lesi sibalo e tinhlobo letehlukene ayinhlama azifani futhi kungaba 20-70%. Ngakho, izinto nge ezisalayo owomileyo ube yiziphethu 20% okunikezwa cishe kathathu ngaphezu kwamaminithi nge inkomba kusho u-70%. Ngakho, ayanda inombolo, kusheshe futhi kube lula ukwenza umsebenzi.
Flow rate kuye indlela kwesicelo
Sebenza nge-asphalt mastic Kusolwa ezingeni lokushisa -10 kuya +50 ° C. Ngaphambi ukusebenzisa, indaba kufanele zixutshwe kahle. I-mastic iyasetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokuvumelana ezihlukahlukene nge ibhulashi, sprayer, roller noma spatula. Kulo mBhalo ngokuvamile ungqimba etholwe smooth xaxa. Futhi ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa ibitume mastic ku 1 m2 ungangenisi amanzi encishisiwe. inani lemali wachitha kungabuye encishisiwe uma usebenzisa ibhodlela spray. Kulokhu-ke kulula ulapha nge omkhulu ngokunembile izinto.
Isilinganiso ukusetshenziswa izibalo
Ukuze ungqimba isicelo ngamamilimitha ezimbili kudinga amakhilogremu cishe emithathu nengxenye kwe-mastic per imitha square ku okuseleyo omile 1 mm - 1.2 kg. Ekwelapheni uphahla ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ungqimba impahla 3-4. Ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa bitumastic by 1 m2 we ungangenisi amanzi ophahleni lande laba ngu-5.3 kg / m 2. Banamathela phezu ukufulela kwizwe elilodwa ungqimba sivame akukho kuka 250-800 amagremu ejenti ngalinye 1 m2. Iqiniso lokuthi sploshnyakom akulesi cala is hhayi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa.
ukusetshenziswa Bitumastic by 1 m2 ungangenisi amanzi tube uqobo esingaphansi kwesigamu kilogram. Kulokhu, amafutha avame ukusetshenziswa uhlobo impahla. I-mastic iyasetshenziswa phezu amashubhu 1-2 izingqimba. Kulo mBhalo, ukusetshenziswa Yiqiniso, kuzokhuphula mayelana 2 izikhathi ukufinyelela 2-3 kg.
Yini kunezinye izici ezingase zinqume
Inani ukucutshungulwa adingekayo ebusweni mastic kuncike kuhlanganise ezitshalweni zohlobo yokugcina. Lapho ungangenisi amanzi ukhonkolo, njengoba okubalulekile ukungena nakwamanye amazwe kakhulu, kudinga izimali edlula smearing kwezinkuni. Iqiniso liwukuthi kuleli cala ebusweni mastic nje ubamba. Umuthi Ubuye ikhule ezimbotsheni, kodwa ezincane hhayi inkulu kakhulu ngobuningi. ukusetshenziswa Bitumastic by 1 m2 kahle ungangenisi amanzi ngokhonkolo izindandatho, isibonelo, kuyoba kukhulu kune okwesikhathi Monolithic base izindlu tape (3 kg). Kuyefana nasendleleni izisekelo, kuqoqwa amapuleti. Iqiniso liwukuthi kuleli cala impahla amunca amalunga omzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani ejenti wachitha kuxhomeke ekutheni ebusweni iphathwa - ngokumile noma ngokuvundlile. Ngakho, ukusetshenziswa ibitume mastic ku 1 m2 ungangenisi amanzi phansi kuyoba cishe 700-800 g at kodonga kuzothatha kg ejenti okungenani 1-2 lapho isicelo isendlalelo esisodwa.
Indlela ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-mastic
Ukugcina izindlela kwento okufanele aphathwe kungenzeka lokuqala primed. Ngokuvamile ukusetshenziselwa lokhu primer njongo. Ngokuvamile ibekwa camera nge surface usebenzisa ibhulashi noma roller. Priming wenziwa lokhu kusho ngokuvamile isendlalelo esisodwa. uDries Primer ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze banciphise ukusetshenziswa ibitume mastic ku 1 m2 nokuvikela egumbini elingaphansi noma ophahleni, kufanele ukulungiselela ngokucophelela ebusweni. I encane kuyoba imifantu futhi chips, eshibhile the ungangenisi amanzi izindleko.
mastic Cold kuyadingeka ukuze uhlanganise kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Wambozwa evele mpo yenziwa kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Uma wenza okuphambene, i-mastic ukusetshenziswa ukwanda. Futhi ukusebenza uqobo, kulokhu-ke kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukuba afeze ngenxa ehle okuholela. Ngaphambi isicelo ka kusendlalelo ngasinye okwalandela kumele ulinde omiswe ephelele kulowo odlule. Hlola ukulungela ebusweni wambozwa elula entsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka uthinte kuso ngomunwe wakho. Uma ingakwenzi lokho unamathele, ungqimba olandelayo bese singasebenza.
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Imibandela
Siyakwamukela ku-site yethu. Uma uqhubeka ukuba uhlole bese ukusebenzisa lolu website uvumelana ukuba athobele futhi baboshwe imigomo nemibandela elandelayo yokusetshenziswa, okuyinto ndawonye yemfihlo yethu ezibusa ubudlelwane bethu site nawe maqondana kule website.
Leli gama site yethu noma 'us’ noma 'si-’ ibhekisela umnikazi we website. Igama elithi 'wena’ libhekisela umsebenzisi noma obuka website yethu. Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi website kuncike imigomo elandelayo yokusetshenziswa:
- Okuqukethwe emakhasini le website ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakho jikelele kanye nokusetshenziswa kuphela. Kuyinto uyashintsha ngaphandle kwesaziso.
- Akekho kithi noma yimuphi besithathu mawaranti noma isiqinisekiso mayelana nokunemba, Ukwenza, ukusebenza, ukuphelela noma efanelekile ulwazi kanye ngezinto ezitholakala noma ehlinzekwe kule website kwanoma iyiphi inhloso. Uyavuma ukuthi ulwazi anjalo nezinto zokwakha bangase inezinto ezinganembile noma amaphutha futhi thina ngokucacile ngakususi icala nganoma yisiphi lezo zinto ezinganembile noma amaphutha ngokugcwele kuvunyelwe ngumthetho.
- Ukusebenzisa kwakho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma izinto kule website ngokuphelele engozini lakho siqu, okuyiwona asiyikulima kube nesibopho. Kuyakuba umthwalo wakho siqu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi noma iyiphi imikhiqizo, amasevisi noma Ulwazi olutholakala kule website ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho ethize.
- Le-website iqukethe impahla okuyinto aphethwe noma onelayisensi kithi. Lokhu kwaziswa kuhlanganisa, kodwa hhayi kungagcini, design, layout, bheka, ngokubukeka ihluzo. Ukuveza kungavunyelwe ngaphandle ngokuhambisana isaziso se-copyright, oyingxenye migomo nemibandela.
- Zonke izimpawu zokuhweba yakhiqizwa kule website, ezingeyona impahla ka, noma onelayisensi ukuze opharetha, beqashelwa kwi website.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwale website kungase kuphakame sezinxephezelo kanye / noma kube icala lobugebengu.
- Ngezikhathi ezithile le website kungase futhi amalinki kwamanye amawebhusayithi. Lezi links kuhlinzekelwe esivumelana nawe ukunikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe. Abazi likhombise ukuthi sivumelana nakho website(s). Asinawo umthwalo okuqukethwe kwe-website kuxhumene(s).
- Awukwazi ukudala isixhumanisi kule website kusuka kwenye website noma idokhumenti ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe site yethu.


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Ibhizinisi, Izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo
Carnegie eMoscow Centre kanye nemisebenzi yayo
Kuvulwe ku nineties zakuqala enhloko-dolobha Russian Carnegie Centre yasungulwa njengoba ephethwe egatsheni American yesikhwama efanayo. Umphumela womsebenzi wakhe, kuhlola kanye nokuhlaziywa isimo setepolitiki emhlabeni.
Yini wadala Carnegie eMoscow Centre
Umsebenzi oyinhloko kule nhlangano, kanye Umhlaba Foundation, ukudala izimo ezidingekile nokubambisana phakathi wonke amazwe emhlabeni.
Carnegie Foundation, ngaphezu eMoscow, has asemazweni amaningi elise States ezahlukene. Ikomkhulu Washington, DC. Engakabi yayo, Centre eMoscow angashintsha abaphathi abambalwa.
Abaholi lenhlangano eMoscow
Owokuqala wathatha izintambo, Peter Fisher, inhloko Carnegie eMoscow Centre kusukela ngo-1993 kuya ku-1994. Umhlahlandlela Wayengowesizukulwane emfushane. Khona-ke umphathi useqokwe Richard Burger, ababethi le okuthunyelwe kusuka 1994 kuya ku-1997.
Ngo-1997, Scott wathatha izintambo Brueckner, ngubani ngo-1999 salandelwa Alan Rousso, esikhundleni salokho ukufaka endaweni 2001 ngu-Robert Nurik. Ngo-2003, lesi sikhwama ephethwe Endryu Kachins. Ngo 2006 kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo Rouz Gettemyuller futhi kusukela ngo-2008 futhi kuze kube namuhla ke iholwa umqondisi samanje eMoscow Carnegie Centre Dmitry Trenin. Inhlangano ziqasha abasebenzi ngamatshumi amathathu.
Izindawo umsebenzi we Carnegie Centre eRussia
Izindawo ezisemqoka zocwaningo izinguquko zezombusazwe, ukwakheka friendly ubuhlobo phakathi kwemibuso eMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Asia Ephakathi.
Ukunikeza kungenzeka wokubambisana phakathi ososayensi nabezombusazwe, le Carnegie Foundation okwenza kutholakale ikhambi izinkinga eziningi zomphakathi, amanani zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.
On iforamu ekhethekile wahlela ukuba kube nezingxoxo kanye nezinkulumo-mpikiswano phakathi US nososayensi Russian nabezombusazwe ukuze sithole usizo kakhulu kumphakathi emhlabeni isiqondiso ekumelaneni nombuso futhi izinguquko zalo.
imisebenzi yocwaningo
Ngaphezu seminar kuhlelembisa, izingqungquthela kanye izinkulumo, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola ithuba lokukhuluma anhlobonhlobo onegunya international abaqavile emphakathini, i-Carnegie Centre eRussia sponsors ucwaningo ezimele zomhlaba isimo sezombusazwe. It olwenziwe ukushicilela yangasese. Ikhishwe ngu inhlangano namajenali, izihloko, zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele kanye nakomagazini atholakala ngezilimi Russian kanye nesiNgisi. Ngosizo Russian Centre ongayisiza ososayensi bethu ukusebenzisa ezinkulukazi ezingaba ngokwesayensi. Lokhu kufezwa ngenxa bomsebenzi kanye nesipiliyoni Zesimiso West-Eurasia, wadala e-Washington.
I Carnegie eMoscow Centre isungule imisebenzi eminingana. Kubalulekile inqubomgomo angaphandle kanye Uhlelo zokuphepha emphakathini kanye nokuphathwa lesifunda. Ezibhekwa futhi izinguquko isimo somnotho, amandla kanye sezulu nezindaba, ithuthukiswe nezinye izinhlelo ezibalulekile ngokulinganayo kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe.
isikhundla Carnegie Centre ezatholwa emphakathini womhlaba
I Carnegie Foundation eRussia bekulokhu ebaluleke kakhulu yesimanje umphakathi izinselele. Lena yangaphakathi futhi inqubomgomo sangaphandle Russia, isimo somnotho ezindaweni kanye emazweni ayengaphansi kweSoviet Union. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa enkabeni izifunda elinezinkathazo kakhulu - eMpumalanga Yurophu, e-Asia Ephakathi futhi eCaucasus.
Izimiso eziyisisekelo yezenzo ezibhekwa umgomo indlela nezimo ezihlukene kanye nokuhlaziywa olunzulu isimo samanje. Isikhundla inhlangano maqondana nezindaba ezihlukahlukene setepolitiki zingathathi hlangothi ngokuphelele. Ngezinye Carnegie Centre engekho nhlobo noma yimuphi umkhuba ikakhulukazi zezombusazwe noma zezenhlalo. Lokhu kuhlobene yokuthi igcina hlangothi nhlobo futhi ngaphandle ubandlululo ucabangela zokusuka ezimweni ingxabano, enze okusemandleni ukuba ukusheshisa isinqumo sabo.
Lesi sakhiwo, esisogwini Tverskaya Street, umtapo litholakale emphakathini. Ngezikhathi lapho ihlelwe imisebenzi letehlukahlukene lokuhloswe ngato ekwenteni sinokuthula.
Imali Russian Carnegie Centre
Carnegie Isikhwama - yenhlangano yomhlaba wonke anikezelwe ucwaningo lwesayensi. Yena eyasungulwa ngo-1910. Isikhwama ine isabelomali esanele, futhi lokhu kwenza kwakhe nethuba lokuqhuba izifundo nocwaningo olunzulu. Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi nokuphuma kwemali etholakele-United States. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali abaziwa umhlaba wonke Ford Foundation. umsebenzi wenhlangano kuhloswe ezibangela ukuzinza isimo kwezombusazwe nakwezomnotho emphakathini wonke, kwinqubomgomo kanye namazwe angaphandle yeRussia.
Minyaka yonke Carnegie eMoscow Centre umema ngokubambisana zonke inqwaba osopolitiki abadumile.
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Homeliness, Ingadi
Onion chives - kuyini? Onion chives: ezikhula imbewu, inhlabathi izici kanye nencazelo
Onion chives (kuyini, uzobe kuchazwe esihlokweni) - isiko empeleni esasisesisha, eyabonakala kumasayithi zabantu. Nokho, nesikhathi esifushane kangaka, lesi sitshalo lithole inombolo enkulu abalandeli. Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ukubuyekezwa, lokhu liyinqolobane wangempela amavithamini, upheke kakhulu othanda kuye, njengoba kufanelekile ngisho imikhiqizo obucayi kakhulu.
ikakhulukazi izitshalo
Ezweni lethu, i-onion chives abizwa ngokuthi ehluke, okungukuthi chayvisom. Ngo uthi eziningi, kuba isitshalo zasendle, isibonelo eYurophu, e-Asia Ephakathi futhi India. Ilokhu Excellent abandayo, obudlange kangaka ogwini North Sea.
Lena isitshalo zisetshenziswa, ukumelana ezibandayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuzenza isiqinti onion chives (kuyini, kungatholakala esihlokweni), nokususa imfucumfucu okutshalwe entwasahlobo, maduze bethokozela anyanisi oluhlaza. Futhi endaweni libalele ngesonto emva Udambisa iqhwa.
Nqumani nezithombo pair engcono sikelo, kuyobe sekudingeka ukwenze lokho uthele zwe ukuba amahlumela Akuthathanga sikhathi.
Isici esikhethekile sale isitshalo ukuthi ayinayo isibani ngomqondo lapho thina zijwayele. Nakuba, ngokusho zezitshalo, it has a lot of ama ezincane embozwe ulwelwesi ekhethekile ezinolwebu.
izakhiwo awusizo
I izakhiwo ezuzisayo chives Akungabazeki. Okokuqala, kukhona oluyingozi, okuyinto kungavimbela ukusabalala ukutheleleka. Okwesibili, singasho ukuthi lolu hlobo esilufifi onion ukunambitheka, ngokungafani isibani. amahlamvu Elimnandi, obuhlanganisa Ukuthamba nangobuciko kuyoba indlela kunoma isidlo, ngisho umkhiqizo ezingezwakali kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokwakheka umkhiqizo zihlanganisa lysine, tryptophan, methionine nezinye amino acid ezibalulekile. Futhi lapha omningi vitamin C kanye nosawoti wamaminerali. Kunconywa ukwengeza chives onion ku ukudla labantu abaphethwe izifo yaleli pheshana biliary, izinso nenhliziyo.
Onion chives: ezikhulayo kusuka imbewu
Lesi simila libhekene yokuthi uyazibekezelela ukungabi bikho kokukhanya kwelanga, ukuze ungakwazi kalula ukuthola indiza emthunzini. Kwezinye izimo kuba ngisho ewusizo, ngoba amahlamvu isikhathi eside bahlale bethobekile futhi ningayiqinisi. Ngu kukhethwa enhlabathini onion chives akuzona ngikhetha ngokweqile kakhulu, kodwa noma kuphi ukubeka akudingekile noma. Endaweni ekhethiwe akufanele kube rhizomes nezinye Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi, ikakhulukazi uma ukuthi awuhambi ukushintsha indawo kokufika eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhiqiza kabusha zalesi sitshalo yilezi:
- imbewu;
- vegetative.
Uma ufuna ukuba esizeni onion yakho chives, sikhula kusukela imbewu kuzokuvumela ukuba wenze lokhu. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngoMeyi noma Julayi. Omunye kungaba eyayenziwe ukunciphisa isikhathi imbewu ukuhluma emanzini emanzini nje ngaphambi kokutshala. Badinga sibekwe kude komunye nomunye ngu 30 cm noma izikhala kwezinye izingcezu. Abanye bakhetha ngidlulise nobusika ngaphansi ukufika. Uma ukhetha le ndlela yokuzala, bese cwilisa imbewu anyanisi, chives akudingeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, notch ukulungiselela kusengaphambili kangcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi uphawu ngaphansi kuka-2 cm ukujula.
Inhlabathi ukulungiselela libuye Kunconywa. Ikakhulukazi, inhlabathi kumele kube zamulchirovat Peat humus, futhi izitshalo ngokwabo kangcono iqhubeka. Khumbula ukuthi izithombo abasha namanje buthaka kakhulu, futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngokukhethekile, kudingeka uvikelwe kubantu frost.
Vegetative ukukhiqizwa kabusha indlela
Onion chives (ezikhula imbewu kufanelekile esimweni endaweni yakho phambi kwakungeyona) futhi zingakhula vegetatively. Ngenxa yalesi ehlathini anyanisi kumele ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana, futhi ngayinye kuwo kumele okungenani ibe 8 ama. It watusa etshalwe imigqa at ibanga cm 30 kusuka komunye nomunye. Ungakhohlwa ukudicilela izitshalo emva kokutshala. Kungcono ukuba bafeze ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ebusika.
Regulations ukunakekelwa
Okuhle onion kwezitshalo kungaqinisekisa kuphela ukunakekelwa kahle-ke, okubandakanya:
- ziba ngcono;
- Ukukhipha Konke;
- podkarmlivaniya.
Kuleso simo, uma ibanga phakathi amahlumela esingaphansi 5 cm, kubalulekile ukuba ilingane proryadit.
Ukugqoka desirably eyenziwa ngoJulayi. Ukukhetha okungcono Umanyolo wemvelo noma Izingxube ekhethekile amaminerali. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa ukwakheka elandelayo slurry engeza phosphorus kanye potassium nosawoti (1: 4). Lokhu soiling nge sibalo 1 kg zikamanyolo 100 m ingxenye. Ngemva ukuvundiswa ezifana lesi sitshalo luyokhula cishe phambi kwamehlo ethu.
Kukhona omakhelwane eqinisekile okuyikhona izaqathe notamatisi, kanye no-anyanisi chives (lokho kuchazwa ngenhla) kuyoba umakhelwane mkhulu ngadi, ngoba uthando lwakhe bee - akakholelwa kakhulu uju isitshalo. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukutshala eduze beet kanye iklabishi.
Izinhlobonhlobo esikhulu
Lesi simila enezinto eziningi izinhlobo ukuthi uyozizwa omkhulu endaweni sezulu esipholile. Lawa:
- Bohemia - endaweni eyodwa anganika amahlamvu elimnandi cishe iminyaka emihlanu, it libhekene ukumelana izifo kanye isivuno high.
- A uju - hlobo wesabe isikhutha, iyathela isivuno kakade ngosuku 85th.
- Chemal - kudinga isivikelo downy isikhutha, kutuswa ukuba asakaze vegetatively, futhi lesi sitshalo kungcono kakhulu ekuqaleni kuka Meyi.
- Elvi - libhekene izimbali ezimhlophe, okwenza kube eyingqayizivele ngempela.
Enye inzuzo undoubted zalesi sitshalo iyona ongakwenza ukukhulisa ikhowe le-ke unyaka wonke endlini noma efulethini. Onion chives efasiteleni ngeke kuphela kube isinongo kakhulu for izitsha ebusika, kodwa futhi umhlobiso futhi umthombo oxygen. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi amakhambi ayikwazi pinching, kubalulekile kuphela ukusika, noma ehlathini ozithandayo iqala ukulimaza.
Ungayisebenzisa iresiphi efanayo anyanisi evamile. Dish bazuze kuphela ukusuka kulo. Futhi, amakhambi kungaba kuvuna ebusika, uma ungenawo uhlela ikhule efasiteleni. izakhiwo awusizo ayagcinwa uma chives onion (kuyini, bheka isihloko esithi) omisiwe, usawoti noma obuningi. Futhi, kungenziwa futhi njengengxenye nezinye amakhambi. Izame futhi uyokufa athande lolu hlobo umnsalo.
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Ukuhamba, Izindawo exotic
Amabhishi nudist: lapha "strawberry" Cha!
Kunalokho, abantu beze lapha, ukushumayela Freie Korper Kultur, noma "khulula umzimba isiko". Ziyakwazi nqunu, hhayi ngoba ukhathazeke, futhi ngoba ufuna ukuba zemvelo. Yingakho kukhona imithetho eqinile ukuze balandele watusa ukuba zonke "beachgoers" ezinjalo ukuba angaweli esicuphweni isimo ezihlekisayo noma ezingathandeki
amabhishi nudist emhlabeni. imithetho yokuziphatha
- Beaches kungenzeka agunyaza noma "zasendle." Ukuya lokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona uphawu «nudist / topless / khulula lolwandle» noma «FKK-Strand». Kungenjalo, ungakwazi sithathe amaphoyisa noma zendawo izakhamizi, buka ukhathale emizimbeni zíze futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi enhle, washaywa ngezinduku amatshe.
- amabhishi nudist azihloselwe Ukuvusela. Ngakho-ke, kuvakashelwa indawo, ukuthatha yonke imizamo ilukuluku lakho futhi injabulo zazifihliwe ngokuphepha. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi amadoda, isithakazelo kabani kwabobulili obuhlukile nqunu ngokuvamile kubonakala hhayi kuphela emehlweni. By the way, izibuko ezimnyama futhi akazange aphikisane. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukuqhuba: weza ebhishi - afunde incwadi.
- Akubalulekile ukuvumela izincomo ongamazi. Emazweni amaningi kubhekwa ukuhlukunyezwa, nokwephulwa kwamalungelo futhi eshushiswa.
- Ungakhohlwa isikhumba elangeni. Yini ngokuvamile kufihlwe, kushe kalula.
- Kwamanye amazwe, ubunqunu akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho. Ngakho, e Lae noma Saudi Arabia yobunqunu esidlangalaleni ungathola eminyakeni embalwa ejele. Ngakho, kwenzekani ukuze sunbathe, okokuqala thola ukuthi izwe basonta Nudism.
The best nudist amabhishi emhlabeni. Amazwibela
Bheka, ngisanda uhlu kahle hle ukuthi yiziphi emabhishi aziwona ithandwa kakhulu izivakashi zamazwe onke.
Eliseduze nudist beach "Dune" itholakala Petersburg. Kutholwe ku kokungathathi hlangothi phakathi Russia nase-Finland strip, uSathane wasungula baseMelika ikhathalogu best holiday izindawo ngoba nudists. amabhishi eziningana kukhona kulula ukubheka e Foros, Koktebel futhi Kazantip.
- Kakhulu amahle exotically lolwandle Hawksbill Bay isendaweni eziqhingini zaseCaribbean. ubunjalo Ezinhle nengqalasizinda esihle - izici zayo.
- "Amalungelo Alinganayo Nokuhlonipha elangenza" yisiqubulo ngobukhulu French Cape d'Agde. Amancane ngosayizi, kodwa hhayi amabhishi okubi nudists e Cavalier futhi St Tropez.
- I amahle kakhulu futhi kancane nudist kakhulu lolwandle (ngenhla) itholakala e-Hawaii (Maui Isiqhingi) futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Little Beach. Ukuze ufake nalutho, ebiyelwe off kusuka prying amehlo endaweni zasendle, kwalelidwala efanayo kuyodingeka ukunqoba. Ibhishi nudist olungekho emthethweni kodwa kukhona akekho oshayelayo.
- Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho Ibiza has angaphezu kwelilodwa lolwandle ezinjalo. Iningi labo eSpain, eziqhingini Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Menorca. Ngakho abalandeli okuqhubekayo yilanga lapho, lapho iyophumula.
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Ukuqina Cover Lens USB Capacitive Multi Isikrini ngoba 15.6 "Isikrini Gada
umkhiqizo Imininingwane
umkhiqizo Amathegi
Ukuqina Cover Lens USB Capacitive Multi Isikriningoba 15.6 "Isikrini Gada
Umkhiqizo incazelo:
Capacitive Isikrini :
Capacitive Isikrini ihlukile kakhulu nge bendabuko resistive touch screen. Lapho resistive Isikrini isebenza, ungakwazi kuphela ukwahlulela touch iphuzu. Futhi uma kukhona khona ababili noma ngaphezulu touch amaphuzu, awukwazi ukwenza izahlulelo kwesokudla. Ngakho resistive touch screen sisebenza kuphela ukwahlulela izenzo ezimbalwa ezilula ezifana ngokuchofoza, ukuhudula. I capacitive multi-touch screen zibole touch yomsebenzisi ku colleting isignali multi-iphuzu futhi ekunqumeni ukuthi isho ukuthini amasignali, bese uqedela izahlulelo isinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi uzizwe it uma kancane uthinte esivezwa capacitive touch inzwa panel. ukuqina Better, ezingaphezu kuka-90% yokudlulisela ukukhanya isilinganiso, obala okusezingeni eliphezulu we bendabuko resistive touch screen izinzuzo imikhiqizo yethu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela:
- Amasampula in isitokwe: 1 ~ 3 izinsuku zokusebenza
- iphrojekthi ngendlela oyifisayo: 10 ~ 15days ngoba amasampula
- ekukhiqizweni: 10 ~ 18days
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa:
- Q. Ingabe imboni noma ukuhweba inkampani?
- A: Singabantu efektri.
- Q. Ingabe imikhiqizo yakho kufanele CE & RoHS izitifiketi?
- Impendulo: Yebo.
- Q. Yini indlela yokuhamba?
- A: ngu ulwandle / emoyeni / express, ukuthi iziphi kulezi zindlela okumele asetshenziswe ngesisekelo nezidingo zamakhasimende.
- Q. Yini izindlela zokukhokha?
- A: T / T, u-30% idiphozi phambi ukukhiqizwa, ibhalansi ingakafiki imithwalo.
- Q. Yini Usayizi touch screen kungaba ukhiqiza?
- A: 3.5 "65", ubukhulu ezinkulu bacwaninga nokuthuthukisa.
Isicelo:
- Thinta Screen Zonke kwelinye Ezamakhompiyutha
- Isikrini laptop
- pOS Machine
- Industrial Control umkhakha
- Touch Gada
- zinsiza Imininingwane
- Gaming, Lottery ect
- Isikhombi Soxhumanoningi ukumaketha
- Banking / Fanancial System
- Thinta Ithebula


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Homeliness, Do it ngokwakho
Indlela ukuhlobisa ikamelo nge wezimbali? Indlela ukuhlobisa ikamelo nge tinsel loNyaka Omusha
Disemba - isikhathi ukuhlobisa igumbi loNyaka Omusha. Kuyishwa ukuthi leli holide kwenzeka kanye kuphela ngonyaka. Lapho ngifuna ukwenza ikhaya nenhle, udala umkhathi samaholide ukuthi esiyokhunjulwa isikhathi eside. Kuwo wonke umndeni ngezindlela yaso engokwesiko ukuhlobisa indlu for the holiday, kodwa ukufunda okuthile okusha akukaze kube engadingekile.
Igumbi umhlobiso
Hlobisa igumbi loNyaka Omusha ngezindlela eziningana. Ngokwesibonelo, hang tinsel, nemiklamo, Christmas amathoyizi. Ungabeka sikakhusimusi egumbini, ukulungisa izimbali isitsha sezimbali noma wenze "izingadi ulenga" izimbali. Ezinye ukuthenga zokuhloba esitolo, futhi umuntu owenza bebodwa.
Qala ukuhlobisa indlu kungaba umnyango. Ulenga ngaphandle umqhele omuhle amagatsha fir ukugcizelela umoya wokupha abantu abahlala endlini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i uphawu-accessory ezinjalo kuba ukuceba. Thenga lokhu umhlobiso kungaba esitolo, noma ukwenza kwezandla zakho. Ngaphezu amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele noma fir, bheka Izigaxa ezinkulu, izinkanyezi, amantongomane, zihambisana ephepheni enhle.
Imibono, indlela ukuhlobisa igumbi, kungatholakala omagazini. Kusukela ngo-September, ziningi izincwadi ukushicilela ezintsha izixazululo.
Uphawu oyinhloko yoNyaka Omusha WamaShayina - Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Ngaphambi hang on amathoyizi akhe, kudingeka unqume ukuthi yimiphi kuyoba ububanzi esikhulu, ukuphinda kulo indlu. Ukuze ukhethe isitayela esisodwa, kuyilapho yokugezela kanye efulethini uyobheka samaholide ikakhulukazi futhi imfashini.
Hlobisa igumbi ku tinsel kaNcibijane kanye nemiklamo eyenziwe. Kodwa manje-ke unikeza ezihlukahlukene enkulu zalapho zemikhosi, futhi akudingekile ukuba uhlanganise zonke izinhlobo egumbini elilodwa. Ngaphambi kokunquma indlela ukuhlobisa elihle lezimbali ikamelo, kudingeka uthole ukuthi yini ukulungele ukunikeza imibono embonini yethu namuhla.
izinhlobo nemiklamo
Ufuna ukwenza igumbi agcwala, kodwa angazi kanjani ukwenza lokhu? Silula - hang egumbini abahlukahlukene nemiklamo kagesi. Hhayi okuningi kukhona izinhlobonhlobo ukuthi Site le njongo.
LED
Lezi nemiklamo libukeke ikakhulukazi, badinga ugesi kancane kakhulu. LED zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa eminyango, nemisayipuresi noma evele ezingenziwanga ukufuthelana. LED kwasemuva inzuzo salokhu ukuthi amanzi, ngakho-ke kungenziwa hung ngisho noma sisendlini encane.
Ziyisivikelo-ukukhanya
Gobisa tape lapho kwaku ezakhiwe ama ezincane. Lezi nemiklamo athé kuhlekisa, zingabantu efanelekayo umhlobiso ekamelweni isitayela 50s.
intambo
Kuyinto intambo nezimo of neon. Self-umhlobiso egumbini Rope luhlaza, kodwa ukugqamisa ipherimitha nalo eyamukelekayo ngempela. Ungenza bobunjwa ezahlukene intambo, okuwenza aqondane ku amafasitela noma izindonga egumbini.
Ukwazi okungenani ulwazi ubuncane mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo lolu hlobo kukhanyisa uzisebenzise kanjani, kuba lula kakhulu ukunquma indlela ukuhlobisa ikamelo nge wezimbali. Khetha ukubukeka futhi isixazululo design kumele kusekelwe kangakanani umphumela ufuna ukufeza ekugcineni.
lezimbali zokuhlobisa
nemiklamo zokuhlobisa zingenziwa iphepha noma amagatsha zokwenziwa fir. Fir lezimbali Kungcono ukuthenga esitolo, ngoba kukhona asikho isidingo sokwenza ngokwakho kusuka amagatsha yokufakelwa.
Paper imihlobiso kungenziwa ngokuzimela noma njengoba etholakala esitolo. Ukukhiqizwa Decor iphepha kungcono ukuphathisa izingane - ngakho bazozizwa ukuhileleka kwabo umkhosi.
umhlobiso lezimbali
umklamo agesi ukuhlobisa amafasitela, izindonga ekamelweni, ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi. Ngaphambi lezimbali ukuhlobisa igumbi, khumbula ukuthi kufanele kube atholakale izilwane nezingane ezincane. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi, bangase kulimaze accessory ngogesi, ngakho basengaba umlilo noma ubuhlungu ngokwabo. Ukubusa ukubeka izinto zikagesi - badinga hang kakhulu kunezingane ezisencane.
Ukuze itafula imihlobiso, fireplaces, bele zangaphansi ingasetshenziswa kokubili lezimbali kagesi kanye zokuhlobisa, lacing ndawonye. ukwakhiwa okunjalo kuyokwenza zibukeka zizinhle nokuthi kusihlwa, futhi emini.
Hang lezimbali endaweni emnyango, enamathiselwe ophahleni - noma inketho kwamukelekile. I emikhulu indiza, iphethini mnandi kungadalwa.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi enhle lezimbali ukuhlobisa igumbi, bheka izithombe - izinhlobo Ornamental ubekwe amatafula, amakhabethe, izindonga eminyango. Emhlabeni Iqhwa futhi ngeke kufaneleke ukubeka wezimbali.
tinsel umhlobiso
Ngaphambi tinsel ukuhlobisa igumbi, udinga stock up linani lelifanele le nto. Qala efasiteleni. Ukusebenzisa i-tape noma izikhonkwane, ukwenza indlela yokuphepha tinsel azungezwe ewindini futhi wenze wafana kugridi. Uma usikhethe nge wezimbali, buka kuyoba nenhle nakakhulu.
Uma ufuna ukuhlobisa amakhethini - bangathumela hang izingcezu, eyenziwe tinsel ahlukaniswe on a wire. kube Ngakho sikwazi ukunikeza it ukuma zamakhekheba eqhwa, sonwele umnsalo, izinkanyezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyafaneleka ukwenza izinombolo ngonyaka ozayo, futhi uhlanganyele nabo endaweni egqamile. Izibalo Ungase futhi ukugqamisa wezimbali. Uma indlu incane izingane, imihlobiso kuwufanele hang ephakeme.
Tinsel futhi zigxilé nophahla ngaphakathi, azungezwe sangemuva. Kuyoba ezithakazelisayo uma kwaphumela hang lezimbali ngokuqondile, kodwa amagagasi. Bahlanganise lezi izingoma kungenzeka izikhonkwane.
Ukuze ukubhaliswa lemigubazi kudingeka uthathe tinsel omangalisayo futhi ukukulungisa azungezile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngasemnyango ake imvula ukulengiswa ngentambo. Iqhwa mpahla tinsel, oyinyoka, Izigaxa.
Ngokuvamile, ukuze unqume ukuthi ukuhlobisa igumbi tinsel, kungcono ukulalela umbono wakho ngezinto isitayela isifiso. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna ekamelweni elikhanyayo futhi elikhanyayo, noma ingabe uncamela Classic ethule, egcwele zasemazweni Christmas Ukukhalipha nesizotha nemiklamo kagesi?
izingoma
Lapho ihlobise ikamelo iziphi izinto okufanele ungakhohlwa mayelana izesekeli ukuthi egumbini njalo. Phezu kodonga kuthé nesibuko? Kungaba okukhulu ukuze bagqoke up noma iyiphi izinto. Sebenzisa noma iyiphi ucezu omunye olubonisa indawo ezungezile noma wenze laqanjwa kubo - incike okuthandayo. ukubukeka Excellent nokwelukiweyo nemiklamo ka tinsel, amagatsha fir eyingqopha Izigaxa. Esikhundleni tinsel ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside lezimbali kagesi.
Uma nje awukwazi ukunquma indlela ukuhlobisa igumbi elihle lezimbali, zingenziwa abaklami ingaphakathi - ngakho unokuthile sigqoke up ikamelo ukuze kuzoba kuphela ziyashaqeka zibuye ngokumthanda.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unquma ukuhlobisa ikhaya lakho loNyaka Omusha, into ebaluleke kakhulu kuye yayibuswa induduzo, ukuthula, injabulo nemimoya okusezingeni eliphezulu, hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi samaholidi, kodwa futhi umsebenzi nsuku zonke. Zama umuzwa inganekwane futhi magic unyaka wonke, bese uyoletha izindaba ezinhle kuphela kanye nezinguquko.
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Umasipala waseBüyükşehir, otshalile imali enkulu ekuthuthweni kwamadolobha, ufinyelele kwi-75 Yıl Neighborhood ngesibhedlela saseCity kanye naseKumlubel nge-Opera, yaqala ukuqalwa kwecala ngokunikela ngemigqa egcwalisiwe.
Ukuqulwa kwecala, okuqale phakathi kweCity Hospital kanye no-75. U-Yıl Mahallesi, uqhubeke ngomgwaqo iGazi Yakup Satar Street, oxhumanisa i-Opera neYıldız. Ukuxhumana kweBus Station-Opera, okuzokwenza kube lula ukuthutha ukuya eKumlubel, kwahlolwa nezikhulu ze-ESTRAM ngosuku lokuqala lokuqulwa kwecala. Igcizelela ukuthi imishayeli yokuhlola ibalulekile ukuze kuqedwe ukushiyeka emigqeni emisha, izikhulu zisho ukuthi ama-drive drive azoqala ngoMeyi phakathi kwe-Opera neKumlubel.
Ukuveza ukuthi bajabule kakhulu ngokuqala kokushayelwa kwecala, abahlali bakwa-Eskişehir bathi babheke ukuthi kuphothulwe amaphutha ngokushesha okukhulu futhi baqale ukusebenzela imigqa.
Lesi slide show sidinga i-JavaScript.


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Ikhaya Nomkhaya, Abantu abadala
Izibonakaliso eyinhloko unhlangothi
Iningi lethu bayamangala ngobuqotho ukuze ufunde ukuthi kubonakaliswa lokuqala iziyaluyalu kwegazi cerebral avele eside ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Kakade sobusha nesokuba umuntu omdala ekuseni, lapho umzimba wethu elikhula ngokushesha unikina iziphepho hormone evelayo phambi kwamehlo "iphuzu", "amabala", "Yizimpukane elimhlophe", isicanucanu nekhanda. Zonke lezi izimpawu cerebral liningi igazi, kodwa ngenhlanhla, kulonyaka izifo ezinjalo azibona esiyingozi futhi ngokwabo. Lapho isikhulile, iziyaluyalu kwegazi lobuchopho iningi lethu emuva ngaphansi kwegama semithambo (Neuro), dystonia, noma okuthiwa neurosis zenhliziyo, kusukela lapho isinyathelo esisodwa kuphela ukubonakaliswa yokuqala esingamahlalakhona of cerebral ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
Yini ukufa kohlangothi, yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi? Ngakho, isifo sohlangothi - i-acute, ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe kwegazi ebuchosheni lapho ukugeleza kwegazi e-Umthambo ngokuphelele noma ingxenye ivinjiwe. unhlangothi kabuhlungu ngokuvamile kuyaphela ekufeni. I emikhulu isitsha ezilimele, le washaywa unhlangothi kabuhlungu. Imbangela ezivame kakhulu lena ukuvaleka ihlule (thrombus) imithambo letiphakela ubuchopho ngegazi. Lezi amahlule ngokuvamile zenzeka isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Enye imbangela unhlangothi is ukopha ebuchosheni noma ngamanye amazwi ukopha ebuchosheni, okuvame kakhulu kwenzeka in iziguli isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ukuhlupheka ngaphandle-high blood pressure.
Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo imivimbo: oluhambisana futhi ischemic. Ngo ischemic ingozi cerebrovascular kwenzeka ngenxa ukuvaleka umkhumbi, futhi oluhambisana - isitsha ukudabuka kanye ukopha kwezicubu ingqondo. Njengoba ischemic futhi oluhambisana unhlangothi, kwenzeka ngokumelene ingemuva izifo ezifana ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi cerebral, isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, fibrillation atrial, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo futhi tachycardia paroxysmal.
Phakathi zonke izimo unhlangothi ischemic izilonda ubuswa kwegazi cerebral, akha 86% amacala, ukopha ebuchosheni - kuze kufinyelele 24%, lonke - non Kwenhlekelele ukopha subarachnoid. Namuhla unhlangothi sekuba kuyinkinga enkulu emphakathini nasempilweni emhlabeni minyaka yonke engaba yizigidi ezingu-6.5. Abantu isifo sokufa kohlangothi palsy. Phakathi kwalabo abasinda yokukhubazeka kukhona 70-80%, 20-30% of okuyizinto usedinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Stroke - ingenye sezizathu esiyinhloko kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo abantu abakhubazekile sabantu.
Kuye zinhlobo, ukukhula kwawo kuhambisana eziningi izimpawu. Ngakho, i-stroke ischemic, ngokuvamile Nokho zimiswe ngaphakathi amahora 1.5-2, uma embolism yayo phezulu kungenzeka abukhali, okungazelelwe. Oluhambisana - ngokuvamile has a ebukhali, ukuqala acute, ephelezelwa nokulahlekelwa ukwazi noma amahloni, ukuhlanza kanye bekhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi zincike onjani basendaweni eyacekelwa ischemia noma ukopha. Uma izinguquko zenzeka Nenkabazwe kwesokunxele ubuchopho, izimpawu unhlangothi eceleni kwesokudla umzimba, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ngokwesibonelo, endabeni umonakalo iyizingxenye engaphelele zingase zibhekane izinguquko ebuntwini, ukuziphatha iziyaluyalu ukulawula abampofu imizwelo, futhi umonakalo Nenkabazwe kwesokunxele kuhilelani ukuhlukumeza imisebenzi Inkulumo.
Lena isimo esiphuthumayo ukuze uma ebusweni izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo shayela i-ambulense, ukuletha isiguli esibhedlela. Linda ukufika ambulense isiguli kufanele uthathe evundlile, igumbi lapho kubalulekile pholisa. Kudingeka nokuba ukuhlehlisa izingubo, nobunzima bokuphefumula, susa kusukela ebuhlanzweni umlomo futhi amazinyo.
Owawuthwele nesineke unhlangothi njalo ezenziwe elele phansi, kwasinda equlekile esigabeni sesithathu lapho isiguli akuyona transportable. Ngokuqondile ezifana isimo iziguli afe akuvamile unhlangothi ngokuvamile ujoyine bedsores kanye nenyumoniya, edinga ukunakekelwa njalo, ukuvula, ushintsho yelineni, wamathumbu ukuhlanzwa, yokudla vibratory nasesifubeni.
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uMthunywa
Silo C Dube kugwalo
UMNTWANA kaKhumalo loMaNdlovu ubonwa ngabantu abanengi. Khumbulani bafundi ukuthi ekuqaleni wayefihliwe ngekhaya kungelamuntu owangaphandle owayemele azi ngaye. Labantwana balapha ekhaya oSikholiwe kwakungamelanga bakhulume ngaye. UMaNdlovu laye wahle wamiswa nguKhumalo ukuthi angayi enkonzweni lanxa wayelesifiso uMaNdlovu ukuthi ahambe lomntwana ecaweni.
UKhumalo waqala engamthakazeleli uNkosi ngobugoga bakhe efisa lokuthi aluba uyedluliswa. Konke okungapheliyo kuthiwa kuyahlola. Kwaphela ukungabonwa kukaNkosi lapho sekufike izithunywa zebandla ukuthi zizobuza ukuthi kungani imuli kaKhumalo ingasafiki enkonzweni? Yizo lezo zithunywa ezabhoboza ithumba lokuthi ababonwa nje ecaweni abakoKhumalo ngoba kwazalwa umntwana oyisilima. Lanxa uKhumalo waqala ezama ukuvika ngokuthi babebambekile uMaNdlovu wahle wayitshaya ekhaleni indaba yokuthi umntwana nguye owayebayangisa.
Sezibuyile izithunywa zebandla bavuma ukuphindela ecaweni abakoKhumalo njalo bacela ukuthi umntwana, uNkosi, abhabhathizwe. Ibandla lakuvuma lokho layakwazisa umfundisi walo uNyathi owayehlala eGwelo (Gweru). Umfundisi uNyathi wavuma ukuba uzakuza azobhabhathiza indodana kaKhumalo uNkosi ngeviki yesibili ngemva kokuzwa lolo nxuso. Weza waphehlelela uNkosi umfundisi uNyathi. UKhumalo nguye owaphendulela umntwana imibuzo eyayibuzwa ngumfundisi.
Njengenjwayelo imibuzo eyabuzwa uNkosi iphendulwa nguyise uKhumalo yayimi kanje: “Nkosiphile, uyamamukela na uJesu Krestu njengoMsindisi wakho owakufela esiphambanweni?” Waphendula uKhumalo ephendulela uNkosi ethi uyakwamukela. “Uyafuna na ukubhabhathizwa egameni leNkosi yethu uJesu Krestu?” Waphendula ethi uyafuna uKhumalo. Waqhubekela phambili umfundisi ebhabhathiza umntwana egameni likaYise, leleNdodana lelikaMoya oNgcwele.”
UMaNdlovu wakuthakazelela lokho ngoba uthi wayeselikholwa elingabuzwayo umntanakhe esengafa ayeqoqoda emasangweni egolide asezulwini amvulele uPhethiro kungamangalisi. Sekuphelile ukubhabhathiza kwaphunywa ecaweni kwayiwa ngekhaya njengokucela kwemuli kaKhumalo. Kwadliwa kwachithekwa, kuqala ngomfundisi lamagosa ebandla. Kwasala ababalisi besikolo ababesebenza loKhumalo.
UMaNdlovu uthi bathi sebevalelisa ababalisi bababonga kakhulu besitsho ukuba ngempela ukwanda kwaliwa ngabahamba ebusuku.
Lesi yisaga esitsho ukuthi abantu ngobunengi babo bayancedana ngalokho bazondwa ngahamba ebusuku, abathakathi phela. Yibo abangafuni ukuthi abantu bande. UNkomo wodumo owayehlala engonyeyayo ekhuluma kubi langemuli kaKhumalo ngalokho ayekuzwa ngezitha zikaKhumalo laye wayekhona kulowo mkhosi wombhabhathizo lukaNkosi, umntwana oyisilima wakoKhumalo. Wayekhangele konke okwakusenzakala lapho.
Kuthiwa uNkomo sebesuka koKhumalo sekunqunda amehlo, yena loDube bahambela emuva ukuze bathole ixetsha lokuxoxa bengaphazanyiswa ngabanye. UNkomo ubuza uMzamo Dube lo ababengabangane ukuthi uthini ngamanga kaMaKhuphe? Siyakhumbula ukuthi uNkomo wayetshelwe ngoMaKhuphe izalukazi ezabelethisa uMaNdlovu ukuthi kwakuzelwe umntwana oyisilima olengqondo ezingaphelelanga koKhumalo.
UDube wabuyela emazwini akhe akuqala etshela uNkomo ukuthi kasilimuke isalukazi sakhe leso ngoba silamanga.
Lalamuhla uDube besuka kumbhabhathizo ulokhu ekholwa ukuthi izalukazi lezo zazilamanga. UNkomo ubuhlungu ngempendulo kaDube aze athi kumbe amehlo akhe kasabonisisi okutsho ukuthi asefuna amangilazi. UDube uyabuza uNkomo ukuthi manje ukubonile yini okuyinyamazana okulekhanda elingaka, lamehlo athe khoxo ekhakhayini?
UNkomo yena uthi lanxa kungasabanga njalo kodwa angithi uzibonele ukuthi akujayeleki okungumntwana lokhuyana. Wathi usesitsho lasibi sokudla uginya nzima nxa kuhlezi phambi kwakho. UNkomo uqhubeka esithi kutsho ukuthi kuzalwa kwakungakhangeleki njengokutsho kukaMaKhuphe. Sekusobala ukuthi
oMaKhuphe babengasigcinanga isithembiso ababesenze loKhumalo ukuthi bengatsheli abantu ngomntwana ozelwe yisilima.
Khumbulani bafundi ukuthi uKhumalo wayebabhadele isivalamlomo ngalokho. Sizayisusa lapha lindaba kuviki ezayo.


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Tamboti
Igama
Tamboti [Spirostachys africana]
Ihlathululo
Mhlobo womuthi otjhugulula amakari qobe mnyaka begodu mkhulu ngesilinganiso esiphakathi, amaqolwawo amarhwarhwa begodu anzima ngombala. Amanzanawo alibisi abanga ukuvuvuka nokuhlohlona kwesikhumba kanye nemehlweni. Kunjalo nje akasetjenziswa njengencenye yokupheka ngombana ona inambitho lokudla.
Imihlobo le ikhula kamnandi lapho ivikeleke khona ekusetjenzisweni babantu ngobunengi. Amabhalabhala ayawudla, kodwana abazumi bayelela khulu nabambesa ingcuba eendaweni lapho kwande umhlobo lo we-Tamboti, ngokuthi bangawuvumeli bonyana wone ukudla abakutholileko. Ingaphakathi lesigodo linombala ozotho kanye nemida emide emnyama ehlobisa amatshwayo.
Sinemida kanye namabala, kesinye isikhathi abamakhula ngokubonakala khudlwana. Unesigodo esiqinileko, esirhanyazelako kanye nomnuko omnandi, onamandla nokarisako ukudlula lowo womhlobo obizwa nge-sandalwood. Umnuko omnandi lo ukghona ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngemva kobana isigodo siquntiwe. Ifinitjhara eyenziwe ngesiquntu sawo ingenza ilawu linuke njengawo isikhathi eside.
Amathuthumbo
Umuthi lo we-Tamboti utlhurha ngenyanga kaKhukhulamungu begodu imbewawo elingana nama-peas ikhula beyibe nencenye yesiphetho esineempenda ezintathu zamapilisi, avame ukuwela emakarini aphasi lokha nasele akhule ngokwaneleko ngenyanga kaSinyikhaba.
Nange umuntu angajama ngaphasi kwesigodo somuthi lo ngenyanga kaSinyikhaba nakutjhisako emini, angezwa itjhada hlangana namakari ahlangeneko begodu nange aqalisisa kuhle eduze angabona ukusikinyeka hlangana, ngebanga lokweqayeka kwembewu. Nange ungabutha imbewu eyeqako leyo uyifake ngaphakathi kwesitja uyibeke elangeni elitjhisa khudlwana, izokuthoma yeqe.
Nange ungavula eyodwa ngokukhulu ukuyelela ungathola isibungwana nekungiso esilawula ukweqa kwembewu le. Lesi sibungwana esincani somhlobo omlotha obizwa nge-Month Emporia melanobasis nekungiso esidla imbewu le nayisesehlaza.
Umsebenzawo
Usetjenziselwa khulu ukwenza amadondolo,ifinitjhara yakanokutjho, izipho kanye nezinto zokuhlobisa. Ngebanga lokutlhayela kwazo kanye nokuba mumuthi ohlulekako, kusigodo esiyindlala khulu begodu sifunelwa ukwenza ifinitjhara ephuma phambili kanye nama-article amancani athandekako.
Lapho itholakala khona
Umuthi lo utholakala eendaweni eziphasi zeSewula Afrika kanye ne-Swaziland.
Ibuthelelolwazi ngomangwawo
Isehlakalo esingakajayeleki esitholakela ekonakaleni kwawo ekunomthelela onobungozi wesimogo sesigodo somuthi lo i-Tamboti esona ukudla okutjhiswe mlilo wekampa. Amanzana ayitjhefu atholakala amumetheke ngaphasi kwamaqolo womuthi begodu asetjenziswa njengetjhefu yokubamba iimfesi kanye netjhufu efakwa ehlokweni yesungulu lokuzuma.