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Abelaphi bendabuko basho lokhu ngesikhathi behlangene ehholo lomphakathi iSiphumelele, KwaMakhutha izolo bedingida izindaba ezibakhathazayo ngomkhakha wabo.
UMakhosi Nonhlanhla “Mshanelo” Nkomo onguNobhala wenhlangano yabelaphi iNational Unitary Professional Association for African Traditional Health Practitioners of South Africa (NUPAATHPSA) kulesi sifundazwe uthe bakhathazekile ngabangcolisa igama labelaphi bendabuko okukhona kubo nabatholakala nezicubu zabantu.
“Abelaphi abazisebenzisi izicubu ukuze balaphe. Abenza lokhu yizigebengu,” kusho uMakhosi Nkomo.
Uthe njengoba bebhalise kuhulumeni kungumsebenzi wabo ukuthi balandelele uma kukhona abelaphi abangenzi kahle. Utshele abelaphi abebesemcimbini ukuthi uma betholakala besephutheni elifana naleli bayocindezelwa nayinhlangano emele abelaphi ngoba bayobe bedicilela phansi umsebenzi wabo.
Uthe abanye balabo abazenza abelaphi basuke bengabizelwanga ekutheni babe yibo - bangabelaphi mbumbulu abavuka sebengabelaphi. Ubalule ukuthi ngeke umelaphi atshele umuntu ukuthi ukuze amelaphe kufanele alale naye noma kufanele alethe izicubu zomuntu onebala elimhlophe.
Uveze ukuthi kunezinhlelo zokuthi kusungulwe ithimba elizohlola abelaphi liqinisekise ukuthi bangabelaphi ngempela bese becijwa banikwe nezitifiketi abazozilengisa odongeni ezikhombisa ukuthi bakufanele ukwenza lo msebenzi.
UMbhishobhi Nqoba Zindela, uSihlalo weMoral Regenaration Movement eThekwini nophinde abhekelele ezokuziphatha kuNUPAATHPSA, uthe abelaphi abenza le mikhuba bangabathakathi.
Unxuse abathandazi nezangoma, abefundisi ukuthi bafunde bahlangane ukuze bathole indlela yokusizana nokucobelelelana ngolwazi. Uthe kufanele kuphele ukucwasana phakathi kwazo zonke lezi zinhlaka njengoba kuke kube khona ukugxekana lapho okugxekwa khona izangoma athe kwenziwa abefundisi uma beshumayela.


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Wikipedia
Wikipedia (Lalela / ˌwɪkɨpiːdiə / nobe Listeni / ˌwɪkipiːdiə / Wik-i-pee-dee-ə)ifinyeleleka mahala, kutholakala mahala ku-encyclopedia ekwi-inthanethi, isekelwa futhi isingathwa yi-Wikimedia Foundation. Cishe wonke umuntu okwazi ukufinyelela isayithi [4] angahlela pheze yiziphi izihloko zayo. I-Wikipedia yiyona webhusayiti yesithupha ethandwa kakhulu [3]futhi ethandwa kakhulu jikelele ngomsebenzi we-inthanethi BakaJehova. [5] [6] [7] Njengoba ngo 2014, yayina-18 yamabhiliyoni wamaphepha abukwayo, futhi abukwa yizivakashi cishe eyizigidi ezingu-500 ngenyanga ngayinye. [8]
UJimmy Wales noLarry Singer bomkhankaso-we-Wikipedia n ngomhlaka-15 kuJanuwari 15, 2001 u- babiza igama lakhe, ukuthi yi-Singer [9] called his name, [10] CAPS of Wiki (isuselwa egameni lesiHawayi elisho "Shesha" [11] ne-ensayiklopidiya. Noma-ke ulwazi olungaphakathi kwe-wikipediya kwasekuqaleni lidabuka esiNgisini, yasheshe yabhalwa ngezilimi eziningi,lokhu kwenziwa ngokuthi kuhlonywe uhlelo lokuhumusha ngezilimi ezahlukahlukene. Yonke imihlobo ye-Wikipidiya iyafana, kodwa umehluko obalulekile okwindikimba nakwindlela yoku-editha. Manje i-Wikipidiya yesiNgisi idinga ama-Wikipidiya angaphezu kwama-200, noma-kunjalo ibonakala iyinkulu kakhulu kunezinye, kanti ngama-athikili ayizigidi ezi-4.5a uye wazakhela idumela njengoba umthombo wezindaba ngenxa yokubuyekezwa kwayo okusheshayo kwezihloko ezihlobene nezindaba ezikhishwayo. [12] [13] [14] Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukungena ku-Wikipidiya eziphakeme kuqhathaniswa ensayiklopidiya odlule kanye ukufakwa walo kokuqukethwe okuningi unacademic baye bathola ebanzi abezindaba ukunakwa.
Kufakaza obala Wikipidiya eziphakeme futhi kuye kwaholela abanye ukukhathazeka, njenge izinga lokubhala yayo, [15] phansi kanye nokunemba imininingwane yayo. [16] [17] Nokho, nakuba ezinye izihloko zinemiBhalo engaqinisekisiwe noma ulwazi ayihlangani, [18] a 2005 inhlolovo of Wikipedia eyanyatheliswa ngo Nature ngokusekelwe ngokuqhathanisa 42 wesayensi athikili nge Encyclopædia Britannica wathola ukuthi ezingeni Wikipedia sika zokunemba kwakusondela Encyclopædia Britannica kanye bobabili amazinga ezifanayo eliphansi 'amaphutha amabi ". [19] Njengoba ka 2014, iwikipidiya yesiNgisi iqukethe cishe abayizigidi ezinhlanu izihloko, abangaphezu koyedwa kayikhulu Britannica sika 40,000. [20] izinqubomgomo zeWikipidiya zihlanganisa ukuqinisekisa kanye nomzimba elikhulayo amazinga kubandakanya for izinga siqinisekiso. [21]
Isiqikili
- 1 Imvelo
- 2 Kulungisa
- 3 Ukubuyekezwa izinguquko
- 4 Kulungisa Automated
- 5 Ukucekela phansi impahla
- 6 Izinqubomgomo bokuqukethwe
- 7 Open ukubambisana
- 8 Arbitration Committee
- 9 Community
- 10 Abaphathi
- 11 Ulimi Amahumusho
- 12 Umlando
- 13 Analysis of content
- 14 Accuracy of content
- 15 Quality of writing
- 16 Coverage of topics and systemic bias
- 17 Coverage of topics and selectional bias
- 18 Systemic bias
- 19 Explicit content
- 20 Privacy
- 21 Criticism
- 22 Operation
- 23 Software operations and support
- 24 Internal quality control and assessment of importance
- 25 Hardware operations and support
- 26 Internal research and operational development
- 27 Internal news publications
- 28 Access to content
- 29 Methods of access
- 30 Impact
- 31 Satire
- 32 Sister projects – Wikimedia
- 33 Publishing
- 34 Scientific use
- 35 Related projects
Imvelo[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
"Njengoba ihlaya athandwa uya, 'Inkinga ngeWikipidiya ukuthi nje usebenza ukuzijwayeza. Ngokwethiyori, singaphinde ukusebenza. '"
-Miikka Ryökäs
Kulungisa[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Umehluko emakhasini wencwajana enesihloko ezivezwe njengoba kuboniswe.
Ngokungafani kwe-insayiklopidiya yendabuko, Wikipedia kungenziwa eyahlelwa yimuphi umfundi. Ngaphandle kwamakhasi ikakhulukazi ezizwelayo kanye / nobe phansi yizikhukhula ukuthi abizwa "evikelwe" ngezinga elithile, [23] Wikipedia izivakashi bangahlela izihloko ngisho noma abanalo akhawunti Wikipedia. Ezithile Omagazini abalandelayo lulwimi zinikeza indlela eguquliwe yale nqubomgomo; Ngokwesibonelo, abasebenzisi ezibhalisiwe nje angase adale isihloko esisha ku neyesiNgisi. [24] Isihloko njalo acekelwa phansi kungaba Semi-ezivikelwe, okusho ukuthi nje esungulwe, abasebenzisi iqinisekiswe bayakwazi ukwenza ukuhlela kuleso sihloko. [25] A ikakhulukazi Isihloko ingxabano zingase PUK ukuze abaphathi nje ziyakwazi ukwenza izinguquko. [26] sihloko babonwa ephethwe uMdali walo noma ezinye umhleli futhi hhayi vetted ngu yimuphi igunya eqashelwayo. [27] Kunalokho, abahleli abangalala ukuze bavumelane nokuqukethwe kanye nokwakheka ezihlokweni by kuvunyelwana.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i uhlela ukuba isihloko ngokushesha iba etholakalayo. Ngenxa yalokho, bangase izihloko inezinto ezinganembile, biases ehlukile, futhi nombhalo elingenangqondo kodwa eliphimiselekayo shu kuze umhleli ilungisa nokushiyeka okunjalo. Lehlukene edishini, ngamunye ngaphansi ehlukile control tekuphatsa, bakhululekile ukushintsha le nqubomgomo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Wikipedia German ucondza "izinguqulo ezinzile" lwezihloko, [28] okuyinto Sekudlule izibuyekezo ezithile. Kulandela nezilingo eyayizothatha isikhathi eside nengxoxo nomphakathi, iwikipidiya yesiNgisi yethula uhlelo "lwezinguquko ozilindile" ngoZibandlela ka 2012. [29] Ngaphansi kwalesi simiso, umsebenzi omusha ohloliwe abasebenzisi ezintsha awasho izihloko ezithile impikiswano noma ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla yizikhukhula kungaba 'ngokweyame abukeze kusukela Wikipedia esungulwe umhleli ngaphambi ncwadi ".
Esibonakalayo kwemaphutsa of Wikipedia
Ukubuyekezwa izinguquko[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Nakuba izinguquko kungukuthi ehlelekile kubuyekezwe, isofthiwe ukuthi amandla Wikipedia inikeza amathuluzi athile sivumele noma ubani ukuba abukeze izinguquko kwabanye. Ilhasi elinalokhu "Umlando" wesihloko ngasinye ulandisa izibuyekezo. [Amanothi 1] [30] Abahleli angayiqeda izinguquko, isibonelo ecaleni lapho kokuqukethwe ewusizo lasuswa. Abahleli Ungabuka izinguquko zewebhusayiti yakamuva, iziphi ukhonjiswe ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo reverse. Qhaza avamile ngokuvamile silondoloza 'uhlu' lwezihloko ukuthi ukuwaheha ukuze zikwazi aziswe izinguquko esizayo. Ikhasi elisha kuyinqubo lapho izihloko abasanda wadala kuthiwa ihlolwe ukuze izinkinga ezisobala. [31]
Kulungisa Automated[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Izinhlelo zekhompyutha ziye zisetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza imisebenzi elula futhi engamukelekile, ezifana sokulungisa nasekupeleteni ezivamile kanye nezindaba zezindlela namacebo okuloba, noma ukuqala izihloko ezifana nesifundo somhlaba okufakwe ifomathi evamile kusuka idatha ezibalo. [32] [33] [34] Onesandla kwimpikiswano bakamalalahlengezela ukudala izihloko kanye bot wakhe kwabikwa ukudala kuze izihloko eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi ezikuWikipidiya yesiSwideni ngezinsuku ezithile. [35] Kukhona ezinye bots eyenzelwe axwayise ngokuzenzakalelayo abasebenzisi okwenza ovamile kwemaphutsa amaphutha (ezifana izingcaphuno angenakuqhathaniswa nobe obakaki olungenakuqhathaniswa ), [36] futhi avimbele ukudalwa izixhumanisi amawebhusayithi ethile. Bots nazo isicelo lokuvala enforcements okuyinto thola futhi buyisela izinguquko osolisayo abasebenzisi ezintsha, IPS okwabelwana noma IPS ibamba kuya amakhasi ihlushwa sockpuppets njengendlela ukuphinda kungenzeka of umsebenzisi ezivinjelwe kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela amakheli IP. [Ukulandisa ezidingekayo] Abanye abasebenzisi kungaba lokubuyisa nanoma iyiphi ukuhlela yokuthi musa abonakale ngumsebenzisi zivinjelwe mbuzo. Esinye bot lichazwa ngokuthi i bot anti-ocekela phansi ukuthi izama ukuthola kanye nokubuyela phansi ngokushesha futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo. [37] futhi Bots ungabika uku-editha ezivela akhawunti ethile noma ikheli IP zokhahlamba njengoba kwakwenziwa ngesikhathi the MH17 jet ukubeka phansi isigameko ngoJulayi 2014. [38] Bots on Wikipedia kufanele yamukeleke ngaphambi kusebenze. [39]
Ngokusho Andrew Lih, ukwanda lamanje Wikipedia izigidi zihloko kwakuyoba nzima ukucabanga ngaphandle kokusebenzisa bots enjalo. [40]
Ukucekela phansi impahla[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Ukucekela phansi impahla on Wikipedia
Yikuphi uku-editha ukuthi eshintsha nokuqukethwe ngendlela ukuxegisa ngamabomu ubuqotho beWikipidiya kubhekwa phansi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezisobala phansi zihlanganisa ukufakwa kwenhlamba kanye amahlaya angahluziwe. Ukucekela phansi impahla kungase futhi kuhlanganise ukukhangisa ulimi, kanye nezinye izinhlobo. [41] Ngezinye izikhathi abahleli babophezela phansi ngokususa ulwazi noma libhaliwe ngumtshini ngokuphelele ikhasi elinikeziwe. Izinhlobo Okungajwayelekile ukuzicekela phansi impahla, ezifana kwalokho ngamabomu yokwaziswa zizinhle kodwa ongathembekile isihloko, kungaba nzima ukubona. Izichwensi kungazenza ukufometha ayibalulekile, shintsha ikhasi elingasho lutho elifana nesihloko ikhasi noma ukwehlukanisa ngemikhakha, lokuxhaphaza ikhodi elicashile lesihloko noma ukusebenzisa izithombe ngendlela ebhidlizayo. [42]
Onezinwele ezimhlophe umnumzana osekhulile isudi kanye nothayi ukhuluma ngesikhathi sokukhuluma.
Intatheli yaseMelika uJohn Seigenthaler (1927-2014), indaba yesigameko (uSeigenthaler)
Ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla kusobala ngokuvamile kulula ukususa izihloko zeWikipidiya; isikhathi yamaMede ukuthola futhi silungise phansi nje imizuzu embalwa. [16] [17] Nokho, abanye phansi kudinga isikhathi eside ukulungisa.
Ngokwesibonelo, kwesinye isehlakalo esiphezulu, umhleli ongaziwa wethula isaziso esingamanga singene bibliyogilafu yezombusazwe UmMelika uJohn Seigenthaler, ngo-2005 Seigenthaler wamangalelwa ukwethulwa njengendlela yokusolwa ngokubulala uJohn F. Kennedy. [43] Lesi sihloko sahlala singalungiswanga izinyanga ezine. [43] USeigenthaler, umqondisi owasungula isihloko of seMelika (USA)namhlanje, kanye umsunguli Freedom Forum First Amendment Center ngaseNyuvesi yaseVanderbilt, ebizwa Wikipedia co-umsunguli Jimmy Wales futhi wabuza ukuthi ayenakho yini indlela yokwazi ukuthi obani nesandla the ukwaziswa okungelona iqiniso. UWales waphendula ngokuthi ayizange, nakuba isephulamthetho sagcina ngokuhlehlela emuva. [44] [45] Emva kwesigameko, uSeigenthaler echazwe yiWikipidiya ngokuthi "inamaphutha futhi imithwalo ithuluzi lokucwaninga". [43] Lesi senzakalo zaholela izinguquko zenqubomgomo yeWikipidiya, ngokuqondile kubhekiswe ukuqiniswa kokuqinisekiswa kwezihloko umlandvomufi abantu abaphila. [46]
==Imithetho kanye nemithetho elawula nokuqukethwe kanye nomhleli nokuziphatha==
Okuqukethwe yiWikipidiya kuncike kwimithetho (ikakhulukazi, imithetho yobunikazi) yase United States kanye of the US isimo Virginia, lapho iningi Lamaseva WEWikipidiya lisuke likuphi. Ngaphezu kwezindaba zomthetho, izimiso sesihloko seWikipidiya kuthiwa esisekelwe 'wezinsika emihlanu ", kanye nezinqubomgomo eziningi neziqondiso enzelwe ukuba balolonge okuqukethwe ngokufanele. Ngisho le mithetho igcinwa ifomu wiki, futhi Wikipidiya abahleli njengendlela bhala emphakathini abuyekeze izinqubomgomo webhusayiti kanye nemihlahlandlela. [47] Abahleli kungabaqhuba la imithetho ngokususa noma ukulungisa imithetho engasebenziyo. Ekuqaleni, nemithetho on ezinhlelweni okungezona zesiNgisi seWikipidiya zazisekelwe inguquko yemithetho yeWikipidiya yesiNgisi. Iye yehluke ngezinga elingakanani.
Ikhasi elikhulu leWikipidiya yesiNgisi mhla zinga 20 kuMfumfu ka 2010, IKhasi eliyinhloko leWikipidiya yesiNgisi.
Inguqulo mobile yeWikipidiya yesiNgisi eKhasini elikhulu kwisiphequluli sewebhu Android on a i5800 Samsung
Inguquko yemobile yesiNgisi Ekhasini elikhulu
Izinqubomgomo bokuqukethwe[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Page Main: Wikipedia: Izinqubomgomo zokuqukethwe
Ngokuvumelana nemithetho on the English Wikipedia, ngamunye entry e Wikipedia, ukuba afanelwe ukufakwa, kumele kube ngesihloko okusho encyclopedic futhi akuyona entry isichazamazwi noma isichazamazwi-like. [48] A sihloko kufanele futhi bahlangabezane nezindinganiso Wikipedia sika of "notability", [49] ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi kumelwe ukuba wathola Ukusabalala okuphawulekayo imithombo secondary efana media ezivamile- noma zamaphephabhuku ezinkulu yemfundo ezimele ngendaba ka ngesihloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Wikipedia uhlose idlulisele lwati kuphela ukuthi kakade osungulwe futhi wahlonishwa. [50] It akumele ukwethula ulwazi olusha noma ucwaningo original. A bathi kungenzeka ukuba inselele kudinga kukhulunywa emthonjeni onokwethenjelwa. Phakathi Wikipedia abahleli, lokhu ngokuvamile wabekwa ngokuthi "Isiqinisekiso, hhayi ngeqiniso 'ukuveza umqondo wokuthi abafundi, hhayi encyclopedia, yibona ekugcineni abanomthwalo ekubhekeni yiqiniso komunci nokwenza nekuhumusha zabo siqu. [51] Lokhu kungaholela ukususwa ukwaziswa isebenza, ngaleyo ndlela bulimaze ukufakwa kolwazi kanye nokukhula encyclopedia. [52] Ekugcineni, Wikipedia akumele bathathe izinhlangothi. [53] Bonke imibono kanye nemibono, uma ezibangelwa imithombo yangaphandle, kumele bajabulele i share elifanele Ukuhlanganisa kungakapheli isihloko. [54] Lo waziwa ngokuthi indawo hlangothi of umbono (NPOV).
Open ukubambisana[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Bheka futhi: Okuqukethwe okukhiqizwe ngumsebenzisi
Ngo-2003,umfundi wePhD kwezomnotho u-Andrea Ciffolilli wagomela ukuthi izindleko eziphansi zokuthengiselana zineqhaza kwiWikipidiya.Ukwakha kulethe ukuthuthukiswa ngokubambisana, nokuthi izici ezifana nokufinyelela okulula izinguqulo ezidlule of a umusa page "ukwakhiwa zokudala" phezu "imbubhiso zokudala". [55] encwadini yakhe 2008, Ikusasa Internet nendlela Stop It, Zittrain ugagula yempumelelo Wikipedia sokuba isifundo njalo emisha kangakanani open ukubambisana uye wakhuthaza kuwebhu. [56]
Ku OOPSLA 2009, kuWikimidiya isikhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nomklami ophakeme wesoftiwe uBrion Vibber wanikeza isethulo esithi "Ukusebenza noMphakathi kwenza izinto zibe ngcono: Ukwenza abantu bakho basebenze kahle kuSayithi Yakho" [57] kuwo okuxoxwe nezinselele ukusingatha iminikelo evela emphakathini enkulu futhi wafanisa inqubo yalowo yentuthuko softiwe.
Ifayela: Ukuhlela isihloko esithi Hoxne hoard kuBritish Museum.ogv
Abasebenzisi beWikipidiya nabaphathi bamaziko Wezikhungo zamagugu emilando basebenzisana ngesihloko esithi Hoxne hoard ngoJuni 2010.
Ngezinye izikhathi abasebenzisi beWikipidiya banika omunye nomunye imisebenzi emihle ukuze bazise imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene yenani elishaya kude, uku-editha izinto ezilula ezihlanganisa ukwesekwa kwezenhlalo, izenzo zokuphatha, kanye izinhlobo zomsebenzi ukuhambisana. Lomkhuba barnstar iye ihlaziye ukunquma lokho kunemithelela kungenzeka for ezinye imiphakathi waziphatha ezinkulu Sangdi. [58]
==Ukuxazululwa==
Uma ushintsho ngokuphindaphindiwe owabangelwa umhleli eyodwa abese ukuhlehliswa ngenye, i "Hlela war" ingase wagomela ukuba sebeqale. [59] [60] Wikipedia has izindlela eziningi izingxabano sokuxazulula. Ukuze athole umphakathi ukuvumelana wonkana, abahleli angamvusa izingqinamba at the Village Pump noma iqale isicelo Comment. Izinkundla akhethekile akhona for centralizing ingxoxo izinqumo ezithile, njengabaphostoli yini noma cha isihloko kufanele asuswe. (qhathanisa Notability in English Wikipedia.)
Arbitration Committee[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Arbitration Committee
IKomiti Arbitration wengamela lokugcina ukuxazululwa indlela. Nakuba izingxabano ngokuvamile bavele kokungezwani imibono emibili ephikisayo kanjani izihloko okufanele ukufunda, iKomidi Arbitration ngokucacile enqaba ngqo abuse ngalo umbono okufanele yokutholwa. Zokuhlaziya imininingwane zisikisela ukuthi ikomidi engayinaki okuqukethwe ezingxabanweni futhi ligxile endleleni izimpikiswano kuqhutshwa kunalokho, [61] esebenza cha kangaka ukuxazulula izingxabano futhi wenze ukuthula phakathi abahleli ezingqubuzanayo, kodwa ukuze Zikhipha abahleli eziyinkinga uma uvumela abahleli engase ikhiqize back e ukubamba iqhaza. Ngakho-ke, ikomidi asisho zilawule okuqukethwe lwezihloko, yize ngezinye izikhathi kube liyakulahla izinguquko kokuqukethwe uma ibona okuqukethwe entsha wephula izinqubomgomo Wikipedia (isibonelo, uma okuqukethwe entsha kubhekwa olubandlululayo). Amakhambi Its zihlanganisa nezixwayiso kanye probations (elisetshenziswa 63% of amacala) kanye nabahleli esivala kusuka ezihlokweni (43%), izindaba subject (23%) noma Wikipedia (16%). Complete nokuvinjelwa kusuka Wikipedia kuthiwa ikakhulu kuphela izimo of ukuzenza ongeyena nokuziphatha anti-social. Lapho ukuziphatha akuyona ukuzenza ongeyena nobe anti-kwezenhlalo, kodwana kunalokho anti-ukuvumelana nobe wephula izinqubomgomo ukuhlela, izixwayiso bavame ukuba ikhishwe. [62]
Community[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Wikipedia emphakathini
Wikimania, kwaba nengqungquthela yonyaka kubasebenzisi of Wikipedia nezinye imiklamo eziqhutshwa yi-Wikimedia Foundation
Ngamunye sihloko kanye umsebenzisi of Wikipedia ngamunye uye i wahlobanisa page "Ngokukhululekile". Lezi zakha oyinhloko zokuxhumana umzila abahleli ukuxoxa luphinde nenkhulumomphikiswano izindaba kokuqukethwe noma inqubomgomo. [63]
Umphakathi Wikipedia sika uye wachazwa ngokuthi inkolo-like, [64] nakuba ngaso sonke anezincazelo ngokuphelele negative. [65] ukuthanda Iphrojekthi sika for cohesiveness, ngisho noma kudinga ukuhlehla ehlanganisa ukunganakwa of kokuqinisekisa, yaziwe njengoba 'anti-elitism ". [66]
Izibalo zabantu of Wikipedia abahleli
Wikipedia ayidingi ukuba abahleli balo kanye neqhaza ahlinzeke ukuhlonza. [67] Njengoba Wikipedia ayekhula, "Ngubani uyabhala Wikipedia?" saba omunye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa on kuphrojekthi, ngokuvamile ngokubhekisela eminye imisebenzi Web 2.0 ezifana Digg [ukulandisa okudingekayo]. [68] kanye Jimmy Wales wagomela ngokuthi "kuphela emphakathini ... iqembu elizinikezele ambalwa amavolontiya "kwenza ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi iminikelo eya Wikipedia nokuthi ngalokho hlelo 'njenganoma iyiphi inhlangano wendabuko". Ngo-2008, a Slate umagazini esihlokweni wabika ukuthi: ". Abacwaningi e Palo Alto, 1 amaphesenti of abasebenzisi Wikipedia banesibopho cishe isigamu lezinhlelo isayithi sika" [69] Le ndlela yokuhlaziya iminikelo kamuva phikisa ngu Aaron Swartz, ngubani yaphawula ukuthi izihloko eziningana yena banambitha kwadingeka izingxenye ezinkulu okuqukethwe kwabo (kukalwa inani abalingiswa) nesandla abasebenzisi nge low Hlela esikwenzayo kubalulekile. [70]
Ucwaningo 2010 (olusha ngo 2012) ukuthi kwenziwa ngcono ikhombisa ukukhula Wikipedia futhi empeleni ukulungiswa it. [Ukulandisa ezidingekayo]
Ucwaningo lwenziwa ngo 2012 Wikipedia kwadingeka abasebenzisi abakhuthele cishe 80.000. [71] [hhayi ukulandisa inikezwe] [ukulandisa okudingekayo] Kuze kuya 60% of abasebenzisi Wikipedia ebhalisiwe ungalokothi wenze esinye edit emva kwamahora zabo zokuqala 24. [Lapho?] Izincazelo ezingabanga ukuthi abasebenzisi enjalo ukubhalisela nje injongo olulodwa, noma uyesaba away by nakho kwabo. [72] Ngokusho Eric Goldman, abahleli abahluleka ukuhambisana Wikipedia imicikilisho zamasiko, ezifana inkulumo ukusayina amakhasi, ngokuphelele eyobonisa ukuthi kukhona Wikipedia abangaphandle, okwandisa amathuba okuthi Wikipedia wangaphakathi ngeke libhekise iminikelo yabo njengomuntu usongo. Abe ngaphakathi Wikipedia kuhilela izindleko non-eziwubala: the sandla kulindeleke ukwakha ikhasi yomsebenzisi, ufunde amakhodi zobuchwepheshe Wikipedia-eziqondene, bazithobe i Arcane ukuxazululwa inqubo, futhi sifunde "isiko Okumangaza ocebile nge e-emahlaya ngaphakathi ezibhekisela" . Non-ngemvume-in abasebenzisi kukhona kwezinye izakhamuzi ngomqondo lesibili class on Wikipedia, [73] ngokuthi "abahlanganyeli basuke izitifiketi ngamalungu omphakathi wiki, abanezincwadi nesithakazelo ilungelo lokufuna ekulondolozeni ikhwalithi umkhiqizo msebenzi, ngesisekelo iqhaza kwabo eziqhubekayo ", [74] kanti imilando umnikelo amakheli IP angeke ngempela nanoma yimuphi ngokuqiniseka kufanele zafundiswa noma sola phezu, umsebenzisi esithile.
A 2007 Ukutadisha by abacwaningi ezivela Dartmouth College wathola ukuthi "qhaza engaziwa futhi okuvamile kuya Wikipedia [...] injengoba esinokwethenjelwa umthombo wolwazi njengalabo nomthelela ngubani babhalise esizeni". [75] A 2009 Ukutadisha by umhleli Business Insider nentatheli Henry Blodget [76] wabonisa kutsi in isampula okungahleliwe athikili wokuqukethwe kunawo Wikipedia (kukalwa inani lombhalo nomthelela esindayo kuze edit yakamuva banambitha) is adalwe "kwabangaphandle" (abasebenzisi nge low edit okuzama), kanti kulungisa iningi futhi kwebinza lwenziwa "wangaphakathi" (iqembu khetha of abasebenzisi esungulwe). A 2008 Ukutadisha lwathola ukuthi Wikipedians ayemancane ovumelana, evulekile, futhi kanembeza kunabanye. [77] [78] A 2009 cwaningo wasikisela kwakukhona 'ubufakazi nokumelana ezikhula emphakathini Wikipedia kokuqukethwe entsha ". [79]
Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi isizinda sandla kuya Wikipedia "kwaba kancane 13% abesifazane; yobudala isilinganiso esivivaneni kwaba maphakathi nawo-20s" [80] A 2011 Ukutadisha by abacwaningi baseNyuvesi Minnesota lwathola ukuthi abesifazane sakhiwe 16.1% of. abahleli 38,497 owaqala ukuhlela Wikipedia-2009 [81] Ngo isihloko January 2011 New York Times, Noam Cohen waphawula ukuthi 13% nje of nomthelela Wikipedia kukhona female ngokusho vo 2009 Wikimedia Foundation. [82] Sue Gardner, owayekade umqondisi ophethe i Wikimedia Foundation, uthemba ukubona iminikelo zesifazane ukwandisa kuya amaphesenti amabili nanhlanu by 2015 [83] Linda Basch, ongumongameli we-National Council for Research on Women, yaphawula umehluko kulezi Wikipedia umhleli izibalo kanye iphesenti labesifazane njengamanje acedzele degrees impohlo sika, degrees master kanye PhD nezinhlelo e-United States (bonke at amazinga amaphesenti 50 noma xaxa). [84]
Esabela, amanyuvesi ahlukahlukene aye aphatha edit-a-thons ukukhuthaza abesifazane abengeziwe ukuba bahlanganyele emphakathini Wikipedia. In kokuwa 2013, amakolishi 15 no emanyuvesi, kuhlanganise Yale, Brown, no Pennsylvania State, banikela wasekolishi udumo abafundi ukuba 'ukubhala ukucabanga ezilwela amalungelo abesifazane' phakathi Wikipedia mayelana nobuchwepheshe [ukulandisa okudingekayo]. Nokho, bambalwa abesifazane aqhubeka amalungu usasebenza of Wikipedia ngemuva edit-a-thons ayengamele. Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungani, ukusabela ezivamile kwaba ukuthi kwakumelwe 'bematasa ". [85]
Abaphathi[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Abahleli in nokuma okuhle emphakathini ezohamba for omunye amazinga eziningi zokuzithandela buphathi: le iqala "nomqondisi", [86] [87] abasebenzisi anelungelo abangakwazi susa amakhasi, ukuvimbela izihloko ekubeni kwashintsha uma phansi nobe isihloko izingxabano , futhi bazame ukuvimbela abantu abathile evela kwemaphutsa. Naphezu igama, abaphathi kungukuthi okuthiwa ukujabulela yimuphi lungelo elikhethekile ngo ekuthathweni; kunalokho, amandla abo anesizotha kuphela ekwenzeni edits ukuba nemiphumela project-ububanzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthiwa Ayivumeliwe kuya abahleli avamile, nokuqhamuka nemingcele ezihloselwe ukuvimbela abantu abathile evela ekwenzeni edits onakalisayo (efana phansi). [88] [89]
Abahleli abangaphansi baba abaphathi kunokuba eminyakeni esidlule, ngokwengxenye ngenxa inqubo ekunqabeleni engahle Wikipedia abaphathi isibe ezinzima zamandla angaphezu. [90]
Ulimi Amahumusho[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Bheka futhi: List of udinga Ama-Wikipedia
Circle frame.svg
Ukusatshalaliswa izihloko 32,765,226 ngolimi ezahlukene kwizihumusho (njengoba of 14 Agasti 2014) [91]
English (14%)
Swedish (5.5%)
Dutch (5.5%)
German (5.3%)
French (4.7%)
Russian (3.5%)
Italian (3.5%)
Spanish (3.4%)
Vietnamese (3.4%)
Waray-Waray (3.3%)
Okunye (51.2%)
Kukhona Njengamanje 287 olimi kwizihumusho of Wikipedia (obizwa nangokuthi ngolimi izinguqulo, noma bamane udinga Ama-Wikipedia); ala, abayishumi nanye babe izihloko kwesigidi ngalinye (English, isiDashi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane, isiPolish, iSpanishi, Russian, isiSwidi, Vietnamese, no-Waray Waray), ezine ngaphezulu babe izihloko kuka 700,000 (isiCebuano, Chinese, isiJapane, isiPutukezi), 37 ngaphezulu babe izihloko kuka 100,000, kanti 73 ngaphezulu babe izihloko kuka 10,000. [92] [93] The kunawo, i English Wikipedia, has izihloko kuka million 4.5. Njengoba of June 2013, ngokusho Alexa, lo isizinda English (en.wikipedia.org; English Wikipedia) uthola cishe 56% of traffic Wikipedia sika ayesehle, ne uqhekeko ezisele phakathi kwezinye izilimi (iSpanishi: 9%; Japanese: 8%; Russian: 6%; German: 5%; French: 4%; Italian:. 3%) [94] Njengoba of August 2014, izinhlelo zolimi kunayo eziyisithupha yilezi (ngokulandelana of esihlokweni count) the English, isiSwidi, Dutch, isiJalimane , isiFulentshi, futhi udinga Ama-Wikipedia zaseRussia. [95] i nokuhlalisana kokuqukethwe ezindiminingi on Wikipedia ube khona ngenxa Unicode, ogama ukwesekwa yethulwa phakathi Wikipedia ngoJanuwari 2002 by Brion Vibber emva kwase efanayo yena lwenteke izinhlamvu of Esperanto. [96] [97]
Kusukela Wikipedia kusekelwe Web ngakhoke emhlabeni wonke, abanikela a edition olufanayo lulwimi ingasebenzisa zezigodi ezahlukene noma kungenzeka bavela emazweni ehlukene (njengoba kunjalo ngoba edition English). Lezi umehluko kungaholela abanye zingxabano phezu nesipelingi umehluko (isib color Versus color) [98] noma ngamaphuzu umbono. [99]
Nakuba izinhlelo ezahlukene zolimi aphethwe nemigomo efana 'indawo hlangothi of umbono' global, baba washintsha namanye amaphuzu kwenchubomgomo kanye practice, iningi njengaku ekutheni izithombe ezingasekelwe ilayisense ngokukhululekile lingasetshenziswa ngaphansi isimangalo of ukusetshenziswa engenzeleli. [100] [101] [102]
Jimmy Wales uye wachazwa Wikipedia ngokuthi "ukuze adale futhi ukusabalalisa a encyclopedia free of the esezingeni kwenzeke ukuba wonke umuntu ongashadile on planethi ngolimi lwabo siqu". [103] Nakuba ngamunye imisebenzi edition ngolimi ucishe ngokuzimela, ezinye imizamo kwenziwa ukuze aqondise kuzo bonke. Basuke kweLuhlelo ngokwengxenye by Meta-Wiki, Wiki i Wikimedia Foundation enikelwe nokugcina zonke imiklamo yayo (Wikipedia nabanye). [104] Ngokwesibonelo, Meta-Wiki inikeza izibalo ezibalulekile on zonke izibuyekezo ulimi Wikipedia, [105] futhi it ucondza uhlu lwezihloko njalo Wikipedia kumele babe [106] uhlu siphathelene kokuqukethwe eziyisisekelo by subject:. Biography, umlando, amazwe, umphakathi, isiko, isayensi, ezobuchwepheshe, kanye mathematics. Ngokuqondene nazo, akuyona ezingavamile for izihloko ezihlobene kakhulu olimini oluthile hhayi ukuba bangumfuziselo kwenye edition. Ngokwesibonelo, izihloko mayelana emadolobheni amancane e-United States bangase nje khona ngesiNgisi, ngisho nalapho behlangana notability criteria yezinye ngolimi Wikipedia imiklamo.
Ukulinganisa eminikelo amasheya ezivela ezifundazweni ezahlukene kuleli zwe ukuze ezahlukene Wikipedia editions
Izihloko elihunyushwe bamele nje ingxenye encane athikili yaba izinhlelo iningi, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi translation ngokuzenzakalela lwezihloko is Ayivumeliwe. [107] Izihloko atholakalayo ngolimi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa angase anikele "links interwiki", okuyinto link izihloko uzakwabo kwamanye editions .
Isihloko esanyatheliswa ngo yocwaningo PLoS ONE ngo-2012, besebenzisa amaphethini lomzimba imisebenzi isihloko omphakathi, kulinganiselwa isabelo iminikelo kuya kwizihumusho ezahlukene Wikipedia kusukela ezifundeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Ngokwesibonelo, siye libike ukuthi ukulungiswa kusukela North America anqunyelwe pheze 50% in the English Wikipedia futhi lokhu value Sehlile amaphesenti amabili nanhlanu alula English Wikipedia. Lesi sihloko sibuye ihlanganisa ezinye asakazwa ngezilimi ezahlukene. [108] The Wikimedia Foundation uthemba ukwandisa inani abahleli in the Global South kuya amaphesenti amathathu nesikhombisa by 2015 [109]
On 1 March 2014, The Economist esihlokweni esihloko sithi "Ikusasa Wikipedia" labala kuhlaziywa kwezimo ngokuqondene idatha enyatheliswa Wikimedia ngabachazela ukuthi: ". Inani wabahleli the lesiNgisi version uwile ngumuntu wesithathu eminyakeni eyisikhombisa" [110] Izinga attrition for abahleli abakhuthele English Wikipedia kwaba ekhonjiwe by The Economist njengoba kakhulu Ngokungafani izibalo for Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi (non-English Wikipedia). The Economist libike ukuthi isibalo nomthelela nge-avareji ka emihlanu lezinhlelo ngaphezulu ngenyanga kwaba kuqhathaniswa njalo kusukela 2008 for Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi cishe 42,000 abahleli phakathi variances emincane zonyaka ka abahleli phansi noma phezulu mayelana 2,000. Amazinga attrition for abahleli e English Wikipedia, by kuqhathanisa ebukhali, ishiwo njengoba NEKUKHULUMA ngo 2007 at cishe 50,000 abahleli okuyinto usunciphe 30,000 abahleli njengoba of ukuqala 2014 Ngesikhathi ecashunwe mkhuba rate, inani abahleli abakhuthele English Wikipedia ilahlekelwe cishe 20,000 abahleli attrition kusukela 2007, kanti emafayeleni mkhuba rate kubonisa ukulahlekelwa yomunye abahleli 20,000 by 2021, wehlele 10,000 abahleli asebenzayo on English Wikipedia by 2021 Uma kwesokunxele zingancishiswa. [110] Njengoba sazi ukuthi ukuhlaziywa mkhuba leyashicilelwa The Economist presents inani abahleli asebenzayo for Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi (non-English Wikipedia) njengoba osele kuqhathaniswa njalo futhi siphumelele ekusekeleni izinombolo zayo cishe 42,000 abahleli abakhuthele, umehluko uye bakhomba ukuphumelela Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi ukugcina esebenzayo yayo abahleli on nesisekelo nalesebentisa nokuqhubekayo. [110] Akukho ukuphawula senziwa ngokuqondene yikuphi nezindinganiso umahluko edit inqubomgomo kusuka Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi (non-English Wikipedia) wayeyonikeza ohlukile kwenzeke ukuba English Wikipedia for ngempumelelo ameliorating eningi umhleli attrition rates on ulimi lwesiNgisi Wikipedia. [111]
Umlando[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Umlando Wikipedia
Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger
Logo ukufundwa "Nupedia.com the encyclopedia free" in blue ne initial enkulu "N".
Wikipedia odabuka zavela kwenye encyclopedia project, Nupedia.
Wikipedia waqala njengendlela project ayahambelana for Nupedia, a free online lesiNgisi encyclopedia project ogama zihloko ezalotshwa ngu ochwepheshe babuyekeza ngaphansi inqubo esemthethweni. Nupedia yasungulwa ngoMashi 9, 2000, ngaphansi ubunikazi Bomis, yenkampani a web portal. Izibalo zako ezisemqoka babengamadodana CEO Bomis Jimmy Wales no Larry Sanger, umhleli-in-chief for Nupedia futhi kamuva Wikipedia. Nupedia kwaba ilayisense okokuqala ngaphansi Nupedia Open License yaso Content, ziguquka kuya GNU Free Documentation License ngaphambi kokusungulwa Wikipedia sika at ukunxusa Richard Stallman. [112] Sanger naseWales wasungula Wikipedia. [113] [114] Ngenkathi Wales is udumo ngokuchaza umgomo wokwenza encyclopedia obala kuhleleke, [115] [116] Sanger is udumo isu lokusebenzisa Wiki ukufinyelela lowo mgomo. [117] Ngo-January 10, 2001, Sanger ohlongozwayo on the Nupedia sekheli ohlwini ukudala Wiki njengoba project a 'feeder "for Nupedia. [118]
audio sangaphandle
The Book of Great Knowledge, Ingxenye 1, Imibono noPawulu Kennedy, CBC, January 15, 2014.
Wikipedia lase ngokomthetho umkhankaso on January 15, 2001, njengelungu edition-ngolimi lwesiNgisi single at www.wikipedia.com, [119] futhi umemezele by Sanger on the Nupedia Uhlu lwamaposi ekhompyutha. [115] inqubomgomo Wikipedia of 'phuzu-ka-umbono hlangothi "[120] kwase eyabekwa ezinyangeni zayo zokuqala. Ngale kwalokho, kwakukhona imithetho emibalwa ekuqaleni Wikipedia lasebenza ngokuzimela of Nupedia. [115] Ekuqaleni, Bomis wayehlose ukwenza Wikipedia ibhizinisi inzuzo. [121]
Wikipedia yazuza qhaza zakuqala kusuka Nupedia, Slashdot ezithunyelwe, futhi search engine web indexing. Ngo-August 8, 2001, kwadingeka Wikipedia kuka 8,000 izihloko. [122] On September 25, 2001, kwadingeka Wikipedia kuka 13,000 izihloko. [123] Futhi ngasekupheleni 2001 sase esekhule izihloko cishe 20,000 no 18 olimi editions. Kwase 26 olimi asakazwa by sekwephuzile 2002, 46 ekupheleni 2003, futhi 161 ngu izinsuku okugcina 2004 [124] Nupedia and Wikipedia Bahlala kwaze amaseva yangaphambili sika zathathwa phasi unomphela ngo-2003, futhi okulotshwe kuwo ezahlanganiswa Wikipedia. English Wikipedia wadlula uphawu lwezihloko million ezimbili on September 9, 2007, okusenza le encyclopedia kunazo zonke ezake babuthana, odlulele ngisho 1407 Yongle Encyclopedia, ezazikade aphethwe irekhodi iminyaka 600. [125]
Kokubala ukwesaba of ukukhangisa kwezohwebo kanye nokuntuleka okulawula Wikipedia, abasebenzisi of the Wikipedia Spanish olunjengemfoloko nokunye kusuka Wikipedia ukudala Enciclopedia Khulula ngo February 2002 [126] La liya wakhuthaza Wales ukumemezela ukuthi Wikipedia ngeke sibonise intengiso, futhi ukushintsha domain Wikipedia sika kusukela wikipedia.com ukuze wikipedia.org. [127]
Nakuba English Wikipedia wafinyelela izihloko million ezintathu August 2009, ukwanda kwe-edition, ngokoMthetho izinombolo lwezihloko nesesiphelo nomthelela, kubonakala sengathi kwafinyelela umvuthwandaba nxazonke zakuqala 2007. [128] Around nawo-1800 kuya zihloko kwanezelwa nsuku zonke kuze encyclopedia in 2006; by 2013 ukuthi isilinganiso kwaba cishe 800. [129] Iqembu at the Palo Alto Research Center isixhazululo le unciphisa sokukhula kuya okwandayo wedwa le project kanye ukumelana ukushintsha. [130] Abanye basikisela ukuthi ukukhula is flattening ngokwemvelo ngenxa izihloko ukuthi kungaba ngokuthi "low-choma izithelo" - izihloko ezisenza ngokucacile isihloko -. kakade zidalwe azakhela kabanzi [131] [132] [133]
Ngo-November 2009, umcwaningi at the Rey Juan Carlos University e Madrid (Spain) lwathola ukuthi English Wikipedia wayengasenaso 49,000 abahleli phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala of 2009; uma kuqhathaniswa, leli project walahlekelwa abahleli 4.900 nje kuphela phakathi nenkathi efanayo ngo-2008 [134] [135] The Wall Street Journal ekhonjiwe uhla imithetho zisetshenziswa kulungisa kanye nezimpikiswano ezihlobene kokuqukethwe okunjalo phakathi izizathu lokhu kuthambekela. [136] Wales baphikisana la izimangalo ngo-2009, bephika ukuwa, singabaze indlela lesifundo. [137] kweminyaka emibili kamuva, Wales wavuma ukuba khona nokwehla okuncane, siphawula ukwehla kusukela "kancane kuka 36,000 abalobi" ngoJuni 2010 kuya 35,800 in June 2011 [138] in the interview efanayo, Wales aphinde athi inani abahleli sasithi "ezinzile futhi esimeme," a isimangalo okuyinto ephenywa mit sika Technology Review esihlokweni 2013 esihloko sithi "ekuncipheni Wikipedia." [139 ] ngo July 2012, Atlantic libike ukuthi isibalo abaphathi nako ziyancipha. [140] in the 25 November 2013 issue of kamagazini New York, uKatherine Ward sathi "Wikipedia, iwebhusayithi lesithupha-kunazo-kusetshenziswa, elibheke i yangaphakathi esibucayi. Ngo 2013, mit sika Technology Review yembula ukuthi kusukela ngo-2007, le site ilahlekelwe yesithathu abahleli ivolontiya ukuvuselela bese ulungise izigidi le encyclopedia inthanethi of amakhasi nalabo zisekhona abaye egxile ngokuya on minutiae. "[141
Wikipedia blackout wokumelana uSopa ngoJanuwari 18, 2012
Ngo-January 2007, Wikipedia wangena okokuqala uhlu top-eziyishumi amawebhusayithi athandwa kakhulu e-United States, ngokusho comScore Networks. With million 42,9 izivakashi eziyingqayizivele, Wikipedia yayibekwe ezingeni number 9, odlulele iNew York Times (# 10) no Apple (# 11). Lokhu kwasho okukhulu phezu January 2006, lapho ayedla kwaba isibalo 33, kanye Wikipedia ethola azungeze 18.3 million izivakashi eziyingqayizivele. [142] Ngo February 2014, kwaba Wikipedia website lesithupha ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ngokusho Alexa Internet, [94] ekutholeni 12 billion zokubukwa kwamakhasi njalo ngenyanga [143] (2.7 billion kusukela United States [144]). On 9 February 2014, The New York Times yabika ukuthi Wikipedia has 18 billion zokubukwa kwamakhasi futhi cishe abayizigidi ezingu-500 izivakashi eziyingqayizivele ngenyanga, "ngokwezinto izilinganiso liqinile comScore." [8]
Ngo-January 18, 2012, i-English Wikipedia iqhaza ochungechungeni imibhikisho Bafunisiswa ngokumelene imithetho emibili ehlongozwayo e-United States Congress-the Stop Online ukudunwa Act (uSopa) kanye uvikele Act IP (PIPA) -ngomusa blacking out amakhasi alo for 24 amahora. [145] Ngaphezu 162 million abantu babebheka blackout Incazelo ikhasi esikhundleni saso Wikipedia nokuqukethwe okwesikhashana. [146] [147]
Loveland and Reagle bathi, ngo nqubo, Wikipedia kulandela isiko omude encyclopedia ezingokomlando ukuthi zanqwabelana ngcono piecemeal ngokusebenzisa 'yokuzuza stigmergic ". [148] [149]
Mhla zingama-20 Masingana 2014, USubodh Varma abikela i "The Economic Times" wabonisa ukuthi hhayi nje kwadingeka Wikipedia ichaza isicaba kodwa "walahlekelwa ngamasenti ali-10 wewalo enamakhasi ukubukwa ngonyaka odlule ngamunye. Yilokho ukwehla ngo-2 billion phakathi kuka-Zibandlela ka 2012 noka 2013. izinguquko ezithandwa kakhulu abahola:. enamakhasi imibono iWikipidiya yesiNgisi yehle ngo-12 senti, labo of version German Ngafaka by 17 cent kanye version Japanese per balahlekelwa 9 angu "[150] Varma wanezela ukuthi,"Njengoba abaphathi be-Wikipidiya bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaba ngenxa yamaphutha wokubala, abanye osolwazi babona ukuthi iphrojekhi yeGrafu Yolwazi Lweguguli Google's Knowledge Graphs project launched last year may be gobbling up Wikipedia users."[150] When contacted on this matter, Clay Shirky, associate professor at NewYork University and fellow at Harvard's Berkman Center for internet and Security indicated that he suspected much of the page-view decline was due to Knowledge Graphs, stating, "If you can get your question answered from the search page, you don't need toclick [any further]."[150]
Graph of number of articles in the English Wikipedia showing steady growth
Number of articles in the English Wikipedia (in blue)
Growth of the number of articles in the English Wikipedia showing a max around 2007
Growth of the number of articles in the English Wikipedia (in blue)
Graph showing the number of days between every 10,000,000th edit (ca. 50 days), from 2005 to 2011
Number of days between every 10,000,000th edit
Analysis of content[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
See also: Academic studies about Wikipedia and Criticism of Wikipedia
Accuracy of content[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Main article: Reliability of Wikipedia
Quality of writing[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Coverage of topics and systemic bias[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
See also: Notability in English Wikipedia
Coverage of topics and selectional bias[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Systemic bias[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Explicit content[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Main category: Wikipedia objectionable content See also: Criticism of Wikipedia § Sexual content Main articles: Internet Watch Foundation and Wikipedia and Reporting of child pornography images on Wikimedia Commons
Privacy[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Criticism[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Further information: Criticism of Wikipedia
Operation[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
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Ungathanda ukufunda lesi sihloko ngalolu limi: %%?
UKUFUNDA NGEZITHOMBE
Izinhlupho ZaseGibhithe Ezintathu Zokuqala
Dawuniloda leli khasi okudingeka lifakwe imibala bese uzama ukubonisa ukuthi iziphi izinhlupho zaseGibhithe ezintathu zokuqala.
Qondanisa abalingiswa beBhayibheli nezinto ezihambisana nabo.
Siza ingane yakhe ifunde incazelo yegama likaNkulunkulu.
Lo msebenzi usiza izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-6 no-8 ukuba zikwazi ukubona abalingiswa beBhayibheli.
Thumelela
Thumelela
IsiZulu
Izinhlupho ZaseGibhithe Ezintathu Zokuqala
https://assetsnffrgf-a.akamaihd.net/assets/m/502014154/univ/art/502014154_univ_sqr_xl.jpg


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Inengi labantu lithi ikomishini ebona ngokuqhutshwa kokhetho, iZimbabwe Electoral Commission, isebenza yeyamele kuhlangothi lweZanu PF.
Le yimpumela yocwaningo olwenziwe yinhlanganiso ekhankasela ukhetho olukhululekileyo, iZimbabwe Election Support Network (ZESN) eyethule ngoLwesithathu.
Inhlanganiso le ithi inani labantu abathi iZEC kayisebenzi izimele liqonge lisuka kusilinganiso sokulitshumi ekhulwini ngoMbimbitho laya kumatshumi amabili lanye kulinyanga.
Isilinganiso sabantu abakholelwa kuZEC sona sehlile sisuka kumatshumi ayisithupha ekhulwini ngesikhathi esifanayo saya kumatshumi amahlanu.
Ucwaningo lolu lufana lolwenziwe yiAfrobarometer ngeviki edluleyo oluveze ukuthi uzulu oyisilinganiso sokungamatshumi amathathu lane ekhulwini uthi ikomishni yezokhetho isebenza isekela iZanu PF.
Ingcwethi zithi ukubonakala kweZEC nguzulu ngalindlela yinto engalunganga ezabangela ukuthi inengi lingayamukeli impumela yokhetho nxa amabandla aphikisayo enganqotshwa.
Usikomitshi weZEC uMnu Qhubani Moyo utshele iStudio 7 ukuthi amabandla aphikisayo yiwo abangela ukuthi abantu babe lembono emibi ngekomishini yakhe ngokuhlala eyichothoza.


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Kulowesilisa obulawa ngumkhuhlane wezinso osesimeni esibi kakhulu odinga usizo lwemali engange$25,000 ukuze ayekwelatshwa kweleIndia.
UMnu Hloniphani Ndlovu uthi kasanathi lamanzi ngoba edlondlobalisa isimo akiso.
UNdlovu uhlala ePlumtree kodwa uthi ugada aye koBulawayo kabili ngeviki ukuyahlambululwa igazi kwesinye isibhedlela.
Ukuze ahlinzwe afakwe inso entsha azayiphiwa yisihlobo sakhe, kumele aye kubodokotela bakweleIndia.
Kulapho-ke osokulenkinga khona ngoba akalayo leyo mali.
“Amakidneys ami kasebenzi ngitsho lakancane. Ngenza okuthiwa yi-hemodialysis kabili ngeviki koBulawayo. Nganikwa lediet enzima vele ayikwaniseni, lamanzi kangisakwanisi ukuwanatha,” kutsho uNdlovu.
“Lapha engenza khona idialysis bakhuluma lomunye udokotela weIndia kwatholakala ukuthi kufunakala i$25,000 eye-operation leyokuhamba kwami lomongi engiyahamba laye kanye lalowo ozangipha inso.”
UNdlovu ucele abangaba lesifiso sokumncedisa ngemali ukuthi bayifake ebhukwini lakhe leZB Bank. IAccount number yakhe ithi 4511/731226/200.
Abangathanda ukuxhumana laye ecingweni inombolo zakhe nanzi: +263 77 273 0355.


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Umkhokheli webandla lePeople’s Democratic Party uMnu. Tendai Biti, oyisiphathamandla somanyano weMDC Alliance utshele umthethwandaba kamantshi eHarare ngoLwesihlanu ukuthi awulamandla owokumthonisisa icala aletheswayo ngoba kufanele abese Zambia lapho owayedinga khona ubuphepheli.
UMnu. Biti wetheswa icala lokutshotshozela udlakela ngemva kokhetho kanye lokumemezela impumela yalo, ikhomishini elelungelo lokwenzenjalo, eyeZimbabwe Electoral Commission ingakakwenzi lokhu. Kodwa igqwetha elimmelayo uMnu. Aleck Muchadehama uthi uMnu. Biti uyaliphika lelicala.
“Iziphathamandla zikahulumende we Zambia zavumelana lomunye wazo weZimbabwe ukubuyisela uMnu. Biti emuva ngokungekho emthethweni. Ngalokhu, akufanelanga abeseZimbabwe, kumbe amiswe phambi kwalumthethwandaba. Kufanele abeselizweni leZambia, lona elingalandelanga umthetho wamazwe omhlaba ngokumxotsha,” kugcizelela uMnu. Muchadehama.
Wengezelele wathi bazaphindela emthethwandaba kamantshi ngoLwesithathu kuviki ezayo, bezokuzwa ukuthi wamukela njani amazwi kaMnu. Biti:
“Umthethwabanda uthi uzadingisisa ngaloludaba ukwenzela ukuthi ubekwazi ukuthi ngempela uMnu. Biti akufanelanga athonisiswe emthethwandaba weZimbabwe.”
UMnu. Biti wabalekela kweleZambia ukuyadinga ubuphepheli esithi wesabela impilo yakhe ngoba kulabantu abadubule emoteni yakhe labazame ukumthumba.
Ngakwelinye icele, igqwetha, uMnu. Nqobizitha Mlilo, owayehambe loMnu. Biti eZambia utshele iStudio 7 ukuthi ukhululiwe ngesibambiso se bail ngumthethwandaba kamantshi eKaroi ngoLwesihlanu labanye bakhe ababalisa uMnu. Clever Rambanapasi loMnu. Tawanda Blessing. Abathathu laba betheswa icala lokwephula imithetho ephathelane lokuchapha umngcele welizwe ngokungekho emthethweni.


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Ukuzibophezela ekuqhakambiseni usikompilo encwadini insumansumane ebhalwe ngu Elliot Zondi.
Date2002
Author
Mathonsi, Sibuselaphi.
MetadataShow full item record
Abstract
Lolu cwaningo, "Ukuzibophezela ekuqhakambiseni usikompilo encwadini Insumansumane ebhalwe ngu-Elliot Zondi", luhlose ukuveza ukubaluleka kwezingxenye zosikompilo lukaZulu ezitholakala encwadini ebhalwe ngu-Elliot Zondi ethi iNsumansumane. Lolu cwaningo lugqugquzelwe ngukuthi imibhalo eminingi yesiZulu ayibukeki ikhuthaza okungamasiko namagugu esizwe sikaZulu kanti Insumansumane ibukeka izibophezele empilweni yesizwe sikaPhunga noMageba. Lokhu kuvela ezingxenyeni ezithile lapho uZondi ekhuthaza futhi eqhakambisa okungamagugu esizwe sikaZulu, ethi kufanele kugcinwe, kuhlonishwe ngoba kungumgogodla wesizwe. Ukubukezwa kwemibhalo esondelene nalolu cwaningo kuveze ukuthi abahlaziyi abathile banemibono eyahlukene ngomyalezo oqukethwe yiNsumansumane. Lolu cwaningo lubheke yonke lemibono lwase luqhamuka nombono owahlukile. UZondi kwiNsumansumane ulwa nemithetho yamaNgisi elumisa okwembabazane nephambene nenqubo yesizwe samaZulu. Imibhalo efana neNsumansumane iphonsa inselelo kwabanye ababhali besiZulu ukuba babhale bakhuthaze ukugcinwa kwamasiko esizwe sikaZulu. Insumansumane ikhombisa ukuthi ayisiwona nje umbhalo wokuba ufundwe ezikoleni kuphela, kepha nomphakathi kaZulu wonkana ungazuza okuningi okuyisisekelo sobuzwe bukaZulu. UZondi akagcini nje ngokuba aveze izinkinga ezikhungethe isizwe, kepha uveza nekhambi lokuxazulula lezi zinkinga. Insumansumane ingumbhalo ofundisayo nokhuthaza ukwazana nokubekezelelana kwezinhlanga ezakhele leli zwe, ezahlukene ngokwamasiko. Ngaphandle kokuthi Insumansumane iyakhuthaza, iyisibuko sikaZulu lapho izizukulwane ziyokwazi ukuzibuka khona, ziziqhenye ngobuzwe bazo, iphonsa inselelo kwabanye ababhali besiZulu ukuba babhale ngokungananazi bakhuthaze ukugcinwa kwamasiko esizwe sikaZulu. Ngenxa yemigomo yobufishane balolu cwanmgo, yokubheka kuphela ukuzibophezela kweNsumansumane kusikompilo lwezenhlalakahle yesizwe samaZulu, angikwazanga ukubheka eminye imikhakha kulo mdlalo nakweminye imibhalo ezibophezele kusikompilo lukaZulu. Ukwenza isibonelo nje, umbhalo kaMsimang (1975) othi Izulu eladuma eSandlwana, ubukeka ungomunye wemibhalo ezibophezele kusikompilo lwezenhlalakahle kaZulu. Kungaba ukubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ukuba kekucwaningwe kubhekwe ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zosikompilo lwezenhlalakahle uMsimang aziqhakambisile nokuthi zibaluleke kangakanani esizweni.


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Asikaze simcabange uTendai Ndoro
YiNtatheli kaMthunywa
KUVELA ukuthi iKaizer Chiefs ike yabuza ngoTendai Ndoro ongelaqembu okwakhathesi.
UNdoro ubesematheni womuntu wonke eMzansi ngemva kokuthi i-Urban Warriors, obese kuliqembu lesithathu ukulidlalela kusizini eyodwa, imdlalise kungafanelanga. Lokhu akuhambisani lemithetho yeFifa egunyaza umdlali ukuthi adlalele amaqembu amabili kuphela ngesizini eyodwa.
I-Ajax Cape Town ilahlwe licala, okwabangela ukuthi igijime kuNational First Division (NFD). UNdoro yena okwamanje uhlezi ekhaya akalaqembu.
Kuvele umthombo osondelane labafakazi baleliphephandaba laye ukuthi iChiefs ike yabuza ngomdlali weZimbabwe.
“IChiefs ifonele umaneja kaNdoro (UDumezweni Nkiwani) imbuza ngesimo sakhe. Kubonakala sengathi iyamfuna kodwa ingxoxo azikaqali. Umaneja wakhe ulinde iChiefs ukuthi ibuyele kuyo,” kutsho umthombo.
IChiefs isayinise uKhama Billiat ukuqinisa amafolosi abadlali bayo kanti kukhona uGustavo Paez, Bernard Parker, Ryan Moon loLeonardo Castro.
Amakhosi angamsayinisa umdlali wangaphandle. UTeenage Hadebe, Paez, Castro lo-Andriamirado Andrinarimanana yibona kuphela abasayinwe njengabangaphandle. UWillard Katsande uselabo ubuzwe base-South Africa ngakho akathathwa njengowangaphandle.
Umthombo uqhube wathi iBidvest Wits layo ike yabuza ngoNdoro.
“Inkinga kube yikuthi yona isisiqedile isibalo sabadlali (abahlanu) bangaphandle. Kodwa amaqembu ahlezi eqhamuka lamaqhinga nxa umdlali emdinga ngakho kungenzeka noma yini.”
UNkiwani ethintwa, uthe: “Yebo bakhona ababuzayo ngomdlali kodwa angikwazi ukubadalula. Nxa kukhona okuhlanganayo sizomemezela. Okwamanje sisabheka ukuthi kungaphi lapho umdlali angasayina khona.”
IChiefs idumile ngokungazihluphi ngokukhangela abadlali abaqhamuka eZimbabwe, umaneja, uBobby Motaung, uyiphikile indaba kaNdoro.
“Ayikho into efana laleyo. Asikaze simcabange uNdoro,” kutsho uMotaung.
Nxa uNdoro ecina elitholile iqembu kuleli, ngeke alidlalele imidlalo emibili, ukuze adonse isigwebo asinikwa yiSafa ecaleni lakhe le-Ajax yona eyaphucwa amaphuzu okuyitshovele kuNFD.


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Ubhatata isitshalo esitshalwa ezindaweni zasemakhaya esimnandi futhi esinomsoco. Lesisitshalo singesinye esithela ngaphansi komhlabathi njengamadumbe, amazambane kanye namantongomane kanti futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi silungele ukudliwa.
Imbewu Kabhatata
Imbewu kabhatata ayifani nezinye izimbewu eziyizinhlamvu, wona uma ufuna ukuwutshala ukha amakhasi awo lapho ukade utshalwe khona, kujwayeleke ukuthi uma kukhona okade ewutshalile endaweni angawuvuni wonke ngoba enzela ukuthi kusale imbewu. Uma umbiwe wonke amakhasi ayabuna angabe esamila kabusha ngoba asuke engasagxilile emhlabathini. Kuyenzeka abanye abantu bazenzele imbewu kabhatata, lokhu kuyasiza ngoba umuntu uyakwazi ukuzenzela imbewu kabhatata omnandi. Ubhatata uyafana nazo zonke izitshalo eziyimifino nezithelo, kukhona ezimnandi nezingamnandi. Ubhatata omubi yilowo ojengayo. Ukuzenzela imbewu kabhatata kuthathwa isigaxa sikabhatata esesibonakele ukuthi siwuhlobo olumnandi sibekwe endaweni efudumele size simile amakhasi, bese siyathathwa sigqitshwe emhlabathini. Ikhasi elisuke selivelile alimbozwa ngomhlabathi. Lelokhasi liyamila liqhubeke lisabalale ligcine selakhe amakhasi amaningi bese umuntu eqhubeka ewakha awafake kwenye indawo kugcina lapho sekuyimbewu eningi esuke isikulungele ukutshalwa ensimini enkulu. Ngesikhathi ulikha ikhasi liphinde liqhubeke limile ngoba phela nemvula isuke iqhubeka inetha.
Ukutshalwa noma nokunakekelwa kukabhatata
Uma usutshalwa ubhatata kufanele kuqale kulinywe ngezinkomo noma ngogandaganda. Ngoba ubhatata utshalwa emiseleni emikhulu futhi enenhlabathi eningi ngoba uthi awucishe ufane nezaqathe ukuze ubemkhulu. Zonke izitshalo ezithela ngaphansi kwenhlabathi zidinga indawo enenhlabathi eningi futhi ethambile kodwa engavundile kakhulu. Indawo evunde kakhulu ibuye ibe nomthelela omubi ezitshalweni ezithela ngaphansi komhlabathi. Futhi kunezitshalo ezingawadingi kakhulu amanzi ngoba ziyonakala zigcine zingasadleki, ubhatata nawo uyajenga, ungomi njengoba kufanele. Ubhatata awuhluphi kakhulu ngokudinga ukunakekelwa njengokususwa ukhula uma nje kugadwe izinkomo nezimbuzi ngoba ziyawadla amakhasi awo futhi zingawadla ziwaqede ungabe usamila kwanhlobo ngoba phela iwona amakhasi akhipha isithelo. Esinye isilwane esihluphayo ngokudla ubhatata imvukuzane. Imvukuzane iphila ngaphansi komhlabathi kanti iphila ngazo izitshalo ezithela ngaphansi enhlabathini. Uma utshala ubhatata kufanele ikhasi lawo lingashoni kakhulu phansi lize lifinyelele lapho kuhamba khona imvukuzane ukuze uphephe ekudliweni yilesisilwane. Izinyamazane nezimbuzi ziyawuqhwanda ngoba zidla isithelo esimilile. Ukuvikela lokhu kukhiwe ubulongwe, buxovwe ngamanzi bese kuchelelwa amakhasi kabhatata ngawo, azibe zisasondela izilwane uma zizwa iphunga lobulongo.
Uma usuvuthiwe ubonakala ngokuthi indawo lapho utshalwe khona ibe nemimvemve. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi usukulungele ukuvunwa. Ubhatata uyambiwa ngegeja kuphume isigaxa noma isithelo bese uyaphekwa ngokuwubilisa emanzini, abanye bayawosa noma bawuthose. Ungawupheka uwucwecile okanye ungawucwecwile ngaphambi kokuwupheka. Abanye abantu bawudla nesishebo abanye bawudle wodwa.
By: Zanele Shange


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UYIHOGELA uphinde uyiphefumule indle umphakathi osebenzisa irenki yase-Emgodini. Le ndle esabalele phansi iphinde futhi iconse yehle ngodonga ivela epayini eliqhumile phezulu isilethe ukukhathazeka kubasebenzisi bale renki okubalwa kubo obashayeli, abadayisayo kuyo, abasizi babashayeli kanye nabagibeli.
Nakuba abantu abavuka baye kule renki kungabashayeli, abasizi babo kanye nabadayisayo, kuthiwa abagibeli nabo sebeqalile bashaya amakhala futhi sebeyakhononda mayelana nalesi simo esesithathe amasonto amathathu siqhubeka kule renki.
Ngokuchaza komunye worenki manenja kuyo le renki uMnu Shumi Mdlalose, isimo sesithanda ukungabekezeleleki manje ngoba kunokuthi siphele siyaqhubeka.
UMdlalose ongurenki manenja wamatekisi ase-Edendale uthe umasipala uMsunduzi sewazisiwe ngelesi simo.
Uthe iphunga lendle alibekezeleleki kule renki, wathi le nto ibathinta kakhulu njengabantu abasebenzisa irenki, ikakhulukazi labo abahlale bekhona kusukela ekuseni bezosebenza.
“Sekuphele amasonto amathathu kuvuza kanjena. Okubi kakhulu ukuthi le ndawo sibuye sithenge kuyona ukudla sidle kuyona futhi. Nabagibeli sebeqalile bayakhononda ngenxa yephunga.
“ Akuphefumuleki lapha phakathi ubona kahle ukuthi umuntu uhogela konke ukungcola ongakucabanga okuvela kula manzi aconsayo esuka lapha odongeni futhi anendle.
“Sithenga ukudla kudingeke ukuthi sidle khona lana. Ayikho into esizoyenza kodwa ukubekezela, sishaye sengathi asiboni,” kuchaza uMdlalose.
Iphephandaba i-Echo lingene ngaphakathi kule renki lazibonela ububi besimo. Indle igcwele phansi kanti akugcini lapho njengoba uthi usamile ibe iqathaka ivela ephayipini elinembobo elisodongeni.
Amatekisi ahambela eCaluza wona aseduzane kakhulu naleli damu lendle. Le renki iphinde isetshenziswe abantu abasuke beya ezindaweni ezikude njenge Johhanesburg, Kokstad, UMzimkulu nezinye.
Omunye wabesifazane ophekayo lapha erenki uthe bayapheka nje ngoba umsebenzi kodwa isimo asisihle neze.
“Siyapheka siphakele abantu badlele khona lapha ngoba ingekho enye into engenziwa. Siphefumula khona ukungcola lokhu osekuthathe isikhathi eside kwenzeka.
“Kungokwesibili leli payipi lihlupha ngokuvuza. Kunzima kakhulu futhi siyabona ukuthi sizogula uma kuqhubeka kwenzeka kanjena,” kusho yena.
USihlalo wososeshini bamatekisi esifundeni uMgungundlovu, uMnu Bheki Sokhela, uthe bebengazi ngalokhu.
“Uma sithola ithuba nathi sizoke siye kobheka isimo khona erenki.”
Okhulumela uMasipala uMsunduzi uNksz Nqobile Madoda uthe umkhandlu usuyazi ngalo ludaba kanti futhi wathembisa ukuthi into ezolungiswa ngokushesha.
“ Into edale ukuthi kube nalesi simo ebhilidini i-Professor Nyembezi idalwa ukulahlwa kwemfucuza engafanele ukuthi ilahlwe emapayipini endle,” kusho uMadonda


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Top song lyrics at Lyrics.cat
Sondela sthandwa sami lyrics
Get lyrics of Sondela sthandwa sami song you love. List contains Sondela sthandwa sami song lyrics of older one songs and hot new releases. Get known every word of your favorite song or start your own karaoke party tonight :-).
English translation of lyrics for Sondela by Ringo Madlingozi. Eyami ndendwa eyami Ohh ndiyayithanda lentombi Sondela sthandwa sondela Na'uthando lwami ...
Lyrics for Sondela by Ringo Madlingozi. Eyami ndendwa eyami Ohh ndiyayithanda lentombi Sondela sthandwa sondela Na'uthando lwami ...
Lyrics for Know You Better by Donald. Sondela sthandwa Sami sifikile iskhathi Mina nawe sizokhuluma Ngicela uhlale eduze kwami U...
Sondela sthandwa sami Sondela sweety lami Ohh ngisho ngayo ikhanda yami ey'khulu yo Nomakanjani nomakanjani Nomakanjani Chorus Noma bekuthuka Bethi umubi Unekhand ...
Lyrics for Sthandwa Sam by Kaylow. buhle bonke bakulomhlaba zimbali zonke ziyakhothama sthandwa sami, ... Lyrics for Sthandwa Sam by ... la sondela angfun ...
Ringo Madlingozi Sondela Lyrics. ... Sondela sthandwa ... Noma bengathini ngawe Ehh ehh bamb'isandla sami Ngowami lona ngowami Ohh ndiyam'thanda lomntwana ...
Kukhulunywa ngawe nase Alexandra Phendula phendula sthandwa sami Yinton oyenzayo mina xandingekho Phendula phendula sthandwa sami Sondela sthandwa sami undichazele Baningi omathandindaba sthandwa sami Bathetha betheth indaba nezingekho Baningi omaphandindaba sthandwa Bay'gqibil imizi ngolwimi lwabo Ngyacela ngyacela sthandwa sami Sumamel indaba ...
ngicabanga ngawe ndlela omuhle ngayo we sthandwa sam.ngicabanga ngawe ndlela ongithanda ngayo we sthandwa sami.ngifuna wena wedwa, ngikubone skhathi sonke.uyintokozo yami uyamangalisa thandoh uyangijabulisa uthando thando, thando sondela, thando
Lyrics for Nomakanjani? by Brenda Fassie. Nomakanjani we dali wam ... Unjalo Ungithanda unjalo Nomakanjani nomakanjani Sondela sthandwa sami Sondela sweety ...
Lyrics for Thando by Lloyd Cele ... Thando) Nguye uthando, Thando sondela (Thando) Uyangijabulisa ... Amehlo akho, ubuhl' obudlul' izinkanyezi sthandwa sami.
Nomakanjani nomakanjani Nomakanjani Sondela sthandwa sami Sondela sweety lami Ohh ngisho ngayo ikhanda yami ey'khulu yo Nomakanjani nomakanjani Nomakanjani Chorus
Lyrics for Nguwe by Malaika. ... Ao nguwe sthwandwa sami Soze ndikuphoxe o dali wami Soze ndikushiye ndiyak'thanda Bani lo endithetha ngaye Ao nguwe sthandwa Sami ...
If you can be my soul come dhuze sweety Ruva rangu, musodzi ne ziya rangu zvichabuda Kusvika wafara You don't wanna leave me baby do you? Everything i say from my heart so true I yeah i yeah Stand by me In vision and sea A world we build with endless possibilities Darlie wami, sthandwa sami Promise me you will never change Why don't you give me ...
Ringo Madlingozi Baleka Lyrics. ... shanga Ndzakusiya nomani Moratou oa Morapilu Mutu oa ka Ndzakusiya nomani Sthandwa sami Lavi wami Sthandwa sami ngikushiya nabani ...
Nomakanjani lyrics performed by Brenda ... Unjalo Ehh Unjalo Ungithanda unjalo Nomakanjani nomakanjani Nomakanjani Sondela sthandwa sami Sondela sweety lami Ohh ...
Lyrics for Ngiyakukhumbula by Lloyd Cele ... Thando) Nguye uthando, Thando sondela (Thando) Uyangijabulisa ... akho, ubuhl' obudlul' izinkanyezi sthandwa sami.
Sondela sthandwa sami Sondela sweety lami Ohh ngisho ngayo ikhanda yami ey'khulu yo Nomakanjani nomakanjani Nomakanjani [Chorus] Nomakanjani we dali wam'
Lyrics for Ngithandile by Karabo. Ngithandile Noma bekundzima Noma bekubhlungu Nhliziyo yami ngeyakho Ngithandile Noma beku...
Lyrics to "Sobabili" song by Kelly Khumalo: Uthando lwami nawe Olwethu sobabili Umuntu wesithathu akafuneki Iindaba zethu lezo Yim’ engakushel...


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Sibe nengxoxo no Mama Nomusa Maphumulo ohlala endaweni yaseNanda eCongo, uzalwa intombi yakwa Nzama usixoxele ngokuhlukana kwesibongo sakwaNzama noChamani. Ezikhathi zakudala kwakuvamise ukuthi kube nempi yezigodi okwakwenzeka kuliwe ngoba kubangwa ubukhosi kanye nabantu. Naliphi inqadi laliba nezinsizwa ezikhethelwa impi ekuyothi mhla impi iyohlangana zikhishwe izinsizwa ukuyolwa. Izingane nomama babesala emakhaya bazilungisele ukucasha uma sihlulwa isigodi sabo. Uma kwenzekile impi bekubangwa amanqadi lelo nqadi elidluliwe lizobuyela ngakuleli nqadi eliphumelele.
Njenganoma yisiphi isibongo esikhathini sakudala kwakusetshenziswa esisodwa njengabo abantu bakwaNzama. Ekwathi ngezigemegeme ezithile kwaqhamuka nezinye njengoChamani esizokhuluma ngaye lapha. Isibongo sakwaChamani siphuma ngaphansi kukaNzama. Kudala isigodi sakwaNzama sasiphethwe amakhosi amabili ezindaweni ezisondelene noma esigodini esisodwa. Kwaba nempi esigodini sakwaNzama. Njengoba sisho isisho esithi akukaze kubuse izinkunzi ezimbili esibayeni esisodwa. Kufanele kube khona ededela enye esikhundleni.


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Inhlanganiso ekhankasela ukulondolozwa kwamalungelo oluntu emhlabeni jikelele, iHuman Rights Watch, ithi ukuhlukuluzwa kwamalunga omanyano weMDC Alliance ngamasotsha lamapholisa kuyadlondlobala elizweni.
Embikweni ewethule ekuseni namuhla, inhlanganiso le ixwayise uhulumende kaMongameli Emmerson Mnangagwa ukuthi amise ubudlova lobu ngokuphangisa.
Ithi njalo amalunga eMDC alliance amanengi asebalekile ezindlini lemizini yawo ngoba ezingelwa ngamabutho, amapholisa kanye labantu abahlomileyo abangagqokanga amayunifomu.
Amapholisa athi adinga amalunga alumanyano agoqela uMnu Tendai Biti, uMnu Morgan Komichi, uHappymore Chidziva, uJim Kunaka, uPaddington Japajapa, uMafaiti Mubaiwa, Jeff Tafadzwa Chaitezvi, uMnu Lovejoy Chitengu loChamunorwa Madya.
Amapholisa ethesa abantu laba icala lokuphehla udlakela oluqhamuke eHarare ngeviki edluleyo ngesikhathi abasekeli beMDC Alliance betshengisela eziladeni besola impumela yokhetho besithi kube lokuqilibezela.
Umqondisi weHuman Rights Watch ezansi yezwekazi leAfrica uMnu Dewa Mavhinga uthi imota kaMnu Biti idutshuliwe ngamasotsha, wona abulale abantu abayisithupha ngeviki edluleyo.
Ingcwethi kwezombusazwe uMnu Effie Dlela Ncube uthi ucuku lwamasotsha lamapholisa lolu luveza sobala ukuthi uMnangagwa loMugabe zimbila zantabanye.


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IDOMINICAN REPUBLIC
“Ngelinye Ilanga Siyobathola”
“Ngelinye Ilanga Siyobathola”
Ngawo-1935 endaweni yaseCibao Valley, uPablo González waqala ukufunda iBhayibheli. Wayeke wasonta esontweni lamaProthestani kodwa walishiya lapho ebona ukuthi ukuziphatha kwalo akuhambisani nalokho ayekufunde emiBhalweni. Kodwa waqhubeka ezitadishela iZwi likaNkulunkulu futhi waqala ukuxoxela abanye lokho ayekufunda—waqala ngomkhaya wakhe, omakhelwane nabasezindaweni eziseduze. Wadayisa ipulazi lakhe nezinkomo, leyo mali wayisebenzisela ukukhokhela izindleko zokuyoshumayela.
Ngo-1942, uPablo wayevakashela imikhaya okungenani engu-200 ezindaweni eziseduze, aqhube nemihlangano njalo nakuba ayengakaze ahlangane noFakazi BakaJehova. Wakhuthaza abantu ukuba bafunde iBhayibheli futhi baphile ngokuvumelana nalo. Abaningi bakulalela ayekusho kangangokuthi bayeka ukubhema nokuba nesithembu.
Omunye wabalalela isigijimi seBhayibheli sikaPablo kwakunguCeleste Rosario. Wakhumbula: “Ngesikhathi ngineminyaka engu-17 isihlobo sami, uNegro Jiménez, sasiseqenjini elaliholwa uPablo González. Sasivakashela ekhaya sasifundela imiBhalo ethile, futhi lokho nje kukodwa kwangenza nganquma ukulishiya iSonto LamaKatolika. Izinto esasizifundelwa esontweni zazibhalwe ngesiLatini esasingasiqondi. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, savakashelwa uPablo González wafike wasikhuthaza. Wathi: ‘Asisonti emasontweni amaningi aziwayo kodwa sinabo abafowethu emhlabeni wonke. Ukuthi nje okwamanje asibazi ukuthi bangobani nokuthi babizwa ngaliphi igama kodwa ngelinye ilanga siyobathola.’”
UPablo wayakhe amaqembu abafundi beBhayibheli eLos Cacaos Salcedo, eMonte Adentro, eSalcedo naseVilla Tenares. Ngo-1948, lapho efika eSantiago eshintsha amabhasi wabona oFakazi beshumayela emgwaqweni, bamnika INqabayokulinda. Ekolunye uhambo, udade othile wamnika izincwadi ezimbili wayesemmemela eSikhumbuzweni sokufa kukaKristu eSantiago. Lapho eseSikhumbuzweni kwamhlaba umxhwele akuzwa, wayesephetha ngokuthi ekugcineni wayeselitholile iqiniso nokuthi labo ababekhona kulowo mhlangano yilabo ayenethemba lokubathola.
Izithunywa zevangeli zavakashela abantu ababefundelwa uPablo. Kwenye yezindawo uPablo ayethe kuhlanganwe kuzo, bathola abantu abadala abangu-27 bebalindele ngenjabulo. Abanye balabo ababekhona babehambe phansi amakhilomitha angu-25; abanye behambe ngamahhashi amakhilomitha angu-50! Endaweni yokuhlangana elandelayo, kwaba khona abangu-78, kwenye baba ngu-69.
UPablo wanikeza izithunywa zevangeli uhlu lwabantu abathakazelayo abangaba ngu-150. Labo bantu abathobekile nabathanda izinto ezingokomoya base beqalile ukufunda iBhayibheli nokuphila ngezimiso zalo. Ababekudinga nje ukuba bahlelwe futhi baqondiswe. UCeleste uyakhumbula: “Izithunywa zevangeli zasivakashela kwase kuba nomhlangano. Kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba kube khona ubhapathizo. Ngaba owokuqala owabhapathizwa ekhaya. Kamuva kwabhapathizwa umama, uFidelia Jiménez, nodadewethu uCarmen.”
Umhlangano wokuqala wesigodi owaba seDominican Republic, eSantiago ngo-September 23-25, 1949, wafaka abamemezeli umfutho owengeziwe wokuqhubeka nomsebenzi wokushumayela. Kwafika abaningi ababenelukuluku lokwazi futhi inani lababekhona enkulumweni yeningi ngeSonto lafinyelela ku-260. Kwabhapathizwa abangu-28. Lo mhlangano wezinsuku ezintathu waqinisekisa abaningi abasanda kuhlanganyela ukuthi le iyona nhlangano uNkulunkulu ayisebenzisela ukufeza intando yakhe.


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Ukujikeleza Kokuphila Nokufa Kwabantu Abehlukahlukene Benkolo
Siqeda kuxoxa ngokujikeleza kokuphila nokufa esigabeni sokuqala, sabangakholwayo. Manje, make sixoxe ngesigaba sesibili, sabantu abahlukahlukene benkolo. “Ukujikeleza kokuphila nokufa kwabantu abehlukahlukene benkolo” naso yisihloko esibalulekile, futhi kunilungele ukuthi nibe nokuqonda ngakho. Okokuqala, masikhulume ngokuthi ezinkolweni iyiphi “inkolo” esibhekise kuyo lapho sithi khona “abantu benkolo”: Kusho Inkolo yamaJuda, eyamaKrestu, eyamaKhatholika, eyama-Islam, nobuBuddha, okuyizinkolo ezinkulu ezinhlanu. Phezu kwabangakholwayo, abantu abakholwa kulezi zinkolo ezinhlanu bayingxenye enkulu yenani labantu emhlabeni. Kulezi zinkolo ezinhlanu, labo asebekwenze umsebenzi wabo ukukholwa—abalandeli abasebenzela inkolo ngokugcwele—bambalwa, kodwa lezi zinkolo zinamakholwa amaningi. Amakholwa azo aya endaweni ehlukile uma efa. “Ehlukile” ehluke kunekabani? Ehlukile kweyabangakholwayo, kweyabangenankolo, ebesikhuluma ngabo khona manje. Emva kokufa, abakholwa kulezi zinkolo ezinhlanu baya kwenye indawo, endaweni ehlukile kweyabangakholwayo. Umhlaba kamoya uzokhipha isahlulelo ngabo ulandela lokho abakwenzile ngaphambi kokufa, kulandele ukuthi benziwe izinto ezifanele. Kungani-ke kodwa laba bantu bebekwa endaweni ehlukile lapho bezohlungwa khona? Kunesizathu esibalulekile salokhu. Siyini leso sizathu? Ngizonichazela ngokwenza isibonelo.
Masibhekise enkolweni yamaBuddha: Make nginitshele iqiniso. Umuntu ongumBuddha, okokuqala, lowo ngumuntu ophendukele enkolweni yamaBuddha, futhi ngumuntu owaziyo ukuthi inkolo yakhe iyini empeleni. Uma umBuddha egunda izinwele bese eba yindela noma yindelakazi, lokho kusho ukuthi uziqhelelanisile nomhlaba wezinto ezibambekayo washiya izinto zomhlaba womuntu kude le. Zonke izinsuku bahaya imibhalo yakhona badle ukudla okuyimifino kodwa, baphila impilo yokuzithiba, izinsuku zabo zidlula zihambisana nelambu elishisa ibhotela elibandayo nelikhanya okulufifi. Abenkolo yamaBuddha baphila impilo yabo ngale ndlela. Uma impilo yabo yomzimba wenyama iphela, benza isifinyezo sempilo yabo, kodwa ezinhliziyweni zabo abazi ukuthi bazoya kuphi emva kokufa, bazohlangana nobani, futhi bazoba nesiphelo esinjani—ezinhliziyweni zabo abacacelwa yilezi zinto. Ayikho into abayenzile ngaphandle kokuphila impilo yabo yonke ngokunganaki bephelekezelwa yinkolo, emva kwalokho bayawushiya umhlaba bephelekezelwa ngamathemba nemibono engasho lutho. Leso yisiphetho sempilo yabo yenyama okuthi lapho beshiya khona emhlabeni wabaphilayo, nalapho impilo yabo iphela, babuyele endaweni yabo yakuqala emhlabeni kamoya. Ukuthi labo bantu babuyiselwe enyameni ukuba babuyele emhlabeni bayoqhubeka nempilo yokuzifundisa kuncika ekuthini ukuziphatha kwabo nakho ukuzifundisa lokho ngaphambi kokuthi bafe. Uma bengenzanga lutho olungafanele ngesikhathi besaphila, bazobuyiselwa enyameni masinya babuyiselwe emhlabeni futhi, lapho bezofika bagunde khona izinwele ekhanda babe yizindela noma izindelakazi. Baba yizindela noma izindelakazi kathathu noma kasikhombisa: Ngokwenqubo yokuqala, imizimba yabo yenyama iyazifundisa, emva kwalokho bayafa babuyele emhlabeni kamoya, lapho befika bahlolwe khona, emva kwalokho—uma kungenazinkinga—bangabuyela futhi emhlabeni wabantu, baqhubeke nokuzifundisa, okusho ukuthi bangaphinda futhi baphendukele enkolweni yamaBuddha baqhubeke nokuzifundisa. Uma sebebuyiselwe enyameni izikhathi ezintathu noma eziyisikhombisa, bazophinda babuyele emhlabeni kamoya, okuyilapho beya khona njalo uma impilo yabo yenyama iphela. Uma okubenza bemukeleke nezindlela zokuziphatha emhlabeni wabantu kuhambisana nemithetho yasezulwini ngokomhlaba kamoya, kusukela lapho bayohlala khona okokuphela; ngeke besabuyiselwa enyameni njengabantu, ngeke futhi besangena engcupheni yokujeziselwa ukwenza okubi. Ngeke baphinde babhekane nale nqubo. Esikhundleni salokho, ngokwezimo zabo, bazohlala endaweni kamoya, okuyindawo amaBuddha ayibiza ngenzuzo yokungafi. Uyaqonda manje, yebo? Kusho ukuthini ukuthi “inzuzo yokungafi” ngokwenkolo yamaBuddha? Kusho ukuba yisithunywa somhlaba kamoya, lapho kungekho khona ukubuyiselwa enyameni noma ukujeziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusho ukungabe kusaba nenhlupheko okuyinkinga yokuba ngumuntu emva kokubuyiselwa enyameni. Ngakho lisekhona yini elinye ithuba lokuthi babuyiselwe enyameni ngokwenziwa izilwane? Alikho nhlobo. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Kusho ukuthi bahlalele ukubamba iqhaza emhlabeni kamoya kanti abasezubuyiselwa enyameni njengabantu. Yisibonelo esisodwa lesi sokungena kulokhu abakubiza ngokuthi ukuzuza ukungafi.
Kwenzekani ngalabo abangakuzuzanga ukungafi? Uma bebuyela emhlabeni kamoya, bayahlolwa baqinisekiswe yisithunywa, uma betholakala bengazange bazifundise ngokukhuthala noma bazi imibhalo ngokukhuthala njengoba kubalula inkolo yamaBuddha; esikhundleni salokho, benza okubi kakhulu, bakwenza kakhulu okubi lokho. Uma bebuyela emhlabeni kamoya, bayehlulelwa ngokwenza okubi, kulandele ukujeziswa. Kulokhu, akukho ukukhetha abathile. Umuntu onje ukuzuza nini ukungafi? Uma empilweni yakhe engakwenzi okubi—uma, emva kokubuyela emhlabeni kamoya, kubonakala ukuthi akenzanga lutho olungafanele ngaphambi kokuthi afe. KULUNGILE! Bona bayaqhubeka nokubuyiselwa enyameni, baqhubeke basho imibhalo, badluliseizinsuku zelambu elishisa ibhotela elibandayo, elikhanya kalufifi, bengabulali noma yini ephilayo, bengadli inyama, futhi bengahlanganyeli ezintweni ezenziwa emhlabeni wabantu, beshiya izinkathazo emuva futhi kude, bengaxabani namuntu. Ngenkathi kwenzeka lokho, bangenzi bubi, kuba sekulandela ukuthi babuyele emhlabeni kamoya, kuthi emva kwazo zonke izenzo zabo nokuziphatha sekuhloliwe, babe sebephindiselwa emhlabeni wabantu futhi, ekujikelezeni ozokwenzeka izikhathi ezintathu noma eziyisikhombisa. Uma kungabi khona okuphoxayo ngalesi sikhathi, ukuzuza kwabo ukungafi kuzobe sekuhlala kungathintekile ngokungafanele, futhi bazophumelela. Lena indaba yokujikeleza kwempilo yokuphila nokufa yabo bonke abantu benkolo: Bayakwazi-ke lapha ukuzuza ukungafi, bathathe indawo emhlabeni kamoya. Lokhu yikhona okubenza behluke kwabangakholwayo. Okokuqala, ngenkathi besaphila emhlabeni, kumele baziphathe kanjani labo abakwazi ukuthatha indawo emhlabeni kamoya? Kumele bangenzi nobuncane ububi: Akumele babulale, bashise abantu, badlwengule, noma baphange izimpahla zabantu; kodwa uma bekhwabanisa, bekhohlisa, bentshontsha, beqola, ngeke bakuzuze ukungafi. Okusho ukuthi, uma behlobana noma besondelana nokwenza okubi, ngeke baphunyule ekujezisweni emhlabeni kamoya. Umhlaba kamoya wenza amalungiselelo amaBuddha azuze ukungafi: Anganikwa umsebenzi wokulawula labo ababonakala bekholwa enkolweni yamaBuddha, kanye naseNdodeni Endala Esesibhakabhakeni, amaBuddha azonikwa igunya lokuphatha, angaphatha abangakholwayo, noma abe yizithunywa esisezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kubekwa kuhambisana nobunjalo bale miphefumulo. Yisibonelo senkolo yamaBuddha lesi.
Ezinkolweni ezinhlanu esikhulume ngazo, ubuKrestu bukhethekile ngandlela thile. Yini ekhetheke kangako ngobuKrestu? Laba ngabantu abakholwa kuNkulunkulu weqiniso. Singabafaka kanjani kulolu hla abantu abakholwa wuNkulunkulu weqiniso? Kungoba ubuKrestu buyemukela kuphela ukuthi ukhona uNkulunkulu, kodwa futhi bayamphikisa uNkulunkulu abanabo ubungane Naye. Ingani babethela uKrestu esiphambanweni, bazifaka bona esimeni sokuba yizitha kuNkulunkulu nomsebenzi Wakhe wezinsuku zokugcina, imiphumela yalokho yabenza baba yiqeqebana lenkolo. UbuKrestu buwuhlobo lwenkolo, buyiyo, ngaphandle kokungabaza, buhlobene nenkolo—buwumsebenzi othile, buyibandla, bungukukholwa, buthe ukwehluka enkolweni yalabo abalandela uNkulunkulu ngokweqiniso. Isizathu sokuthi ngibufake kulolu hlu lwezinkolo ezinhlanu ezinkulu ukuthi ubuKrestu busezingeni elilodwa nobuJuda, inkolo yamaBuddha, kanye ne-Islam. AmaKrestu amaningi awakholwa ukuthi ukhona uNkulunkulu, nokuthi ubusa phezu kwezinto zonke, awakholwa futhi ukuthi ukhona. Esikhundleni salokho, azinikela ekukhulumeni ngobukholwa ebhekisa emibhalweni yeBhayibheli, asebenzisa isifundo sobukholwa ukufundisa abantu ukuthi babe nomusa, babekezelele ukuhlushwa, nokwenza izinto ezinhle. Buyilolo hlobo lwenkolo ubuKrestu: Bunamathela kuphela emibhalweni yezinkolo, abubhekisi nakancane emsebenzini kaNkulunkulu wokulawula aphinde asindise umuntu, yinkolo yalabo kuphela abalandela uNkulunkulu bebe bengemukelwa wuNkulunkulu. Kodwa uNkulunkulu unawo umgomo awubhekise kubona. Akabaphathi nje noma ikanjani ngokuzibonela Kwakhe, ngendlela efanayo nabangakholwayo. Indlela asebenza ngayo udaba lwabo iyafana neyamaBuddha: Uma, ngenkathi besaphila, umKrestu eziqoqile ngokwakhe, ehlala ngempela Emithethweni Elishumi kanye nakweminye imithetho, ehlala emithethweni yalokho okuthinta ukuziphatha kwakhe - nokuthi uma engakwenza empilweni yakhe yonke—bazophinda badinge ukuchitha isikhathi esifanayo ekujikelezeni wokuphila nokufa ngaphambi kokuthi bazuze ngokweqiniso lokho okubizwa ngokuhlwithwa. Emva kokuzuza lokhu “kuhlwithwa,” babe sebehlala emhlabeni kamoya, lapho benikwa khona isikhundla sokuba ngesinye sezithunywa. Ngokufanayo, uma benza okubi emhlabeni, uma bona futhi benza izono eziningi, akube kusavikeka ukuthi bajeziswe bagotshwe ngobunzima obehlukahlukene. Enkolweni yamaBuddha, ukuzuza “ukungafi” kusho ukungena eNirvana, kubizwa ngokuthini-ke lokho enkolweni yobuKrestu? Kubizwa “ngokungena ezulwini” kanye “nokuhlwithwa.” Labo “abahlwithwe” ngokweqiniso bayaphinda nabo bangene ekujikelezeni kwempilo yokuphila nokufa izikhathi ezintathu noma eziyisikhombisa, okuzothi emva kwakho, emva kokufa, bafike emhlabeni kamoya, kungathithi balele basebuthongweni. Uma bephelelisekile bayakwazi ukusala bebamba iqhaza, kanti, kungafani nabantu abesemhlabeni, ababuyiselwa enyameni ngendlela elula, noma ngokwesivumelwano.
Kuzo zonke lezi zinkolo, isiphelo okukhulunywa ngaso nesilwela ukusizuza siyafana nokuzuza ukungafi kwabenkolo yamaBuddha—ukuthi kubantu abangamaKrestu lokhu kutholakala ngezindlela ezahlukile. Bawuhlobo olulodwa. Ngokuba ngabantu balezi zinkolo abakwazi ukuhlala ngeqiniso emithethweni yayo inkolo ekuziphatheni kwabo, lolu hlobo lwabantu, uNkulunkulu ubapha indawo efanele abayise kuyo, indawo abafanelwe ukuba kuyo, abaphathe ngendlela efanelekile. Konke lokhu kungokwamukelekayo, kodwa akufani nendlela abantu abakucabanga ngayo. Manje, senikuzwile konke okwenzeka ngabantu abangamaKrestu, nizizwa kanjani nina? Niyakhathazeka ngabo? Niyabezwela? (Kancane.) Akukho okungenziwa—kumele bazilahle bona ngecala. Kungani ngisho kanje? Umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu uliqiniso, uNkulunkulu uyaphila futhi ukhona, umsebenzi Wakhe uhloselwe abantu bonke ungowawo wonke umuntu—kungani amaKrestu engakwemukeli lokhu? Kungani bemphikisa futhi bemelana noNkulunkulu? Banenhlanhla ukuthi banesiphelo esikanje, kungani-ke nibazwela? Ukuthi baphathwe kanje kukhombisa ukubabekezelela okukhulu. Ngendlela abaphikisa ngayo uNkulunkulu, kumele babhujiswe—kodwa uNkulunkulu akakwenzi lokho, uphethe ubuKrestu njengenkolo ejwayelekile. Esimeni esinje, ngabe sikhona isidingo sokuthi sijule nangalezi ezinye izinkolo? Yini ewumongo walezi ezinye izinkolo zizonke? Ukuthi abantu babe nomusa, bangenzi okubi. Bathole ubunzima obukhulu, bangenzi okubi, basho izinto ezinhle, benze izenzo ezinhle, bangethuki abanye, bangafinyeleli ezinqumeni ngabanye abantu, bazehlukanise nezingxabano, benze izinto ezinhle, babe ngabantu abahle—eziningi izimfundiso zezinkolo zisho lokhu. Ngakho, uma laba bantu benkolo—laba bantu bezinkolo eziningi namahlelo—bekwazi ukuhlala ngokweqiniso emithethweni yenkolo, ngeke benze amaphutha amakhulu noma izono ngesikhathi besaphila emhlabeni, kanye nasemva kokuba bebuyiselwe enyameni izikhathi ezintathu noma eziyisikhombisa, kakhulu-ke laba bantu, abantu abakwazi ukuhlala ngokweqiniso emithethweni yenkolo, bazokwazi ukubamba iqhaza emhlabeni kamoya. Ngabe baningi abantu abanjalo? Akulula ukwenza okuhle, noma ukuhlala emithethweni. Inkolo yamaBuddha ayibavumeli abantu badle inyama—ungakwenza lokho? Uma kungathiwa gqoka izingubo ezimpunga usho imibhalo ngendlela yamaBuddha ethempelini usuku lonke, ungakwenza lokho? Ngeke kube lula. UbuKrestu buneMithetho Elishumi kanye neminye imithetho, ngabe le miyalelo nemithetho kulula ukuhlala kuyo? Akunjalo! Bheka ukungethuki abanye: Abantu abakwazi ukuhlala kulo mthetho, yebo? Abakwazi ukuzivimba, bayethukana—emva kwalokho abakwazi ukukwesula lokho, benzanjani-ke? Ebusuku bavuma izono zabo! Abakwazi ukuvika ukwethuka abanye abantu, emva kwalokho babe nenzondo futhi ezinhliziyweni zabo, baphinde bedlulele ekuzilungiseleleni isikhathi abazobalimaza ngaso. Uma sihlanganisa, kulabo abaphila ngale nkolo efile, akulula ukungoni nokungenzi okubi. Ngakho, kuyo yonke inkolo, bambalwa abantu abakwazi ukuzuza ukungafi. Ucabanga ukuthi njengoba abantu abaningi belandela lezi zinkolo, baningi abazothola ithuba lokubamba iqhaza emhlabeni kamoya! Ababaningi kangako nokho, bambalwa abakwazi ukufinyelela kulokhu. Kungako esingakhuluma ngakho ngokujikeleza kwempilo yokuphila nokufa kwabantu benkolo. Okubehlukanisayo ukuthi bayakwazi ukuzuza ukungafi, okuyiwona mahluko abanawo kwabangakholwayo.
kwethi Ukuqhutshwa kwesithi Izwi Livela Lisenyameni


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Amandla uzama ukuthola Legends of Eisenwald key CD generator Awekho Survey No Iphasiwedi on the Net. Musa kungawugcizeleli siyokhuluma Legends of Eisenwald Keygen ukulanda mahhala. Ithuluzi wadala imfihlo serial ehlambulukile amagciwane futhi ilula kakhulu ukusebenzisa. Lots kusebenze amakhodi Legends of Eisenwald wanikela kuwebhu Nokho udinga ukukhokha.
Nokho lapha njengembuyiselo sizonikela kuwe Legends of Eisenwald CD generator key kumahhala. La mathuluzi aye ihlolwe futhi 100 % working. Abe omkhulu izivakashi abazama ukuthola Legends of Eisenwald generator Key indawo yethu futhi ngokuqinisekile babe nekhono ngokushesha uyilande nge akukho ucwaningo. Ngomusa asisekele uma kukhona into efana keygen (Legends of Eisenwald kusebenze mfihlo) akusebenzi futhi usazise.Funda ngaphezulu


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Ebuhleni – Indlela yokuthuthukisa amagugu eNanda
Excerpted from: DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK PLAN & MARKETING STRATEGY INANDA HERITAGE ROUTE Harber & Associates IHR Consortium FINAL REPORT July 2010
Ukubaluleka
Ukuzimela okwaqhutswa umeluleki u-Amos K Shembe owadabuka kude ekuphakameni ngo 1977 okumanje ubudlelwano bakhe budumile. Indawo yabo yalungiswa nje ngo 1980 etafuleni elalingajwayelekile lika Mtabutele ngemibono eminingi eyaqhamuka ngegama elihle ‘Ebuhleni’ (indawo enhle). Iningi lakujabulela kakhulu ukusiza ukubekezela okholweni, ikakhulukazi ngemikhosi kaMasingane noNtulikazi ngenkathi iningi linikezwa izindawo zokuhlala ezazakhiwe ngezintingo (lathes) zaboshwa ngentambo yenayiloni futhi zihlotsiswe ngomfanekiso ongijimela iziphuzo. Empeleni umsebenzi omuhle wabakhi. Ekuhlukeni indawo ephakathi yokuthandaza yakhiwengaphansi kwesihlahla ngamatshe amhlophe achaza ubukhulu nokuhluka ekungeneni ichaza umbhishibhi, amadoda, abesifazane kanye nezintombi. Umpholofethi wacabanga ukuvumela umdanso njengento ebalulekile ekukholweni emhlabeni wonke amakhulu abantu abadansayo abahlukaniswa ngobulili nangeminyaka.
Inhloso
Ukwabelani izipiliyoni ngendawo yokuthandaza esendaweni evulekile eshawa umoya.
Ukugcina inani lamasiko.
Amathuba
Ukunikeza isipiliyoni iningi lenkolo ye-Afrika nasekwenzeni kweningi.
Ivula amathuba omsebenzi ngokufaka imibono ehlukene yokudayisa isibonela ukudayisa amavuvuzela.
Imithetho
Ukuziphatha kwezivakashi ukuthola imvumo endaweni, indlela yokugqoka nokuhlukana kobulili kubalulekile.
Ekuphakameni- Indlela yokuthuthukisa amagugu eNanda
Ukubaluleka
Eqinisweni ihumusheka nje ‘ngendawo yokujabula’ lendawo enhle yadayiswa ngo 1913 kumnikazi wayo umlungu ongomunye wabalandeli bakhe ngokuthola umpholofethi u-Isaiah Shembe. Lokhu kwathatheka njengephakathi lamaNazaretha iningi lenkolo yama-Afrika yokunyakaza yakhula yaba endlini yomlando endaweni enokuziphatha kwabantu okuzungezile.’indawo yokujabula’ indawo eshawa umoya engafani nesibaya. Abesilisa nabesifazane bayahlukana. Lokhu kubheka isipiliyoni sezivakashi endaweni eqondile neyokholo lwama-Nazaretha.
Inhloso
Ukukhuphula ubuhle bokholo endaweni
Ukuchaza umehluko nokubaluleka kwezindlela zokuhamba
Ukukhombisa ukuphenduka kokholo lwase-Afrika
Ukugcina inhlonipho kumpholofethi nge flora nefauna
Ukuthuthukisa indawo yonke ukwamukela izicelo ezifikayo.
Amathuba
Kunezibonelo ezinhle zamasiko angabonakali futhi nazo nje izakhiwo ezingabonakali kule ndawo, okufanele ukwazi uhla lwamatse apendwa ngabelungu awayechazi ‘izindonga’, isibonelo inkanyezi,izimpawu kanti nangokunjalo nokukhuluma kubalulekile kulemicimbi. Ukuphumelela kokuqothswa kahle futhi nokunikeza izivakashi nezifundiswa imvumo. Inikeza imvumo yokufakazela amasiko ahlukene. Kunamapulani ezinyawo ukwenza indawo enkulu ukuba qotho kulabo abasemadolobheni bamanje, ukuthuthukisa impilo yabantu, izindlu,nezikole zamabanga aphezulu. Ukubiyelwa kwendawo okwamanje kuwumphumela wengcinezi phakathi kwezinhlangano kodwa kunethemba lokuthi izolungiswa inkinga masinyane nje.
Imithetho
Ukunganakekelwa kwezakhiwo zamandulo kufanelwe kuxazululwe ngomkhuba owu-phrofeshinali ukukhuphula amandla amagugu. Lokhu kudala inselelo ekhethekile ngoba nalo isonto lavumelana ngemithetho ngezinto zamasiko. Isibonelo amaqhawe amane enza umsamo enzela amadlozi eduze kwe MR25 endlini ewulondo! Ukuziphatha kwezivakashi ukuthola imvumo endaweni, indlela yokuqgoka nokuhlukaniswa kobulili kubalulekile. Ukuthuthukisa indawo engenalutho kudingeka kwenzeke ngokuthinteka futhi nokuziphatha endaweni yangempela yokholo kufanelwa kugcinwe.
Ebuhleni – Consolidated phases
AFTER MIKULA WILSON ASSOCIATES ARCHITECTS


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Umlazi is the biggest township in KwaZulu-Natal and the second biggest in South Africa after Soweto. In 1967 it was established as a black township under the apartheid government and was one of the places where many of those removed from Cato Manor (uMkhumbane). Now free of the oppression that defined life under apartheid, Umlazi is […]
Tag Archives | Izindawo
Umlando waseMkhumbane
I-Cator Manor indawo eyakhele idolobha laseThekwini yayibizwa ngoMkhumbane. Lendawo iseduze nesibhedlela Inkosi Albert Luthuli. UMkhumbane wawukhona ngeminyaka yawo 1949 ngesikhathi sempi yabantu abamnyama namaNdiya. Ngaleyominyaka lendawo yayinezakhiwo eziyimijondolo eminingi kwakuyikaduka emini. Kwakuhlala kakhulu abantu ababesebenza ezindaweni ezakhele iTheku. Ngaleyominyaka yayingekho imigwaqo kwakusetshenziswa imizila nezindlela zesintu, nenhlanzeko yayingekho wawungafunga ukuthi kwakuhlala izingulube ngenxa yokungcola. Izindlu zangasese […]
Umlando Womfulo UMam’omhlophe, Enanda
Umfula uMam’ omhlophe, umfula owaqanjwa ngabantu abamnyama. Lomfula uhlukanise indawo yase ziMangweni kanye neMatikwe, eNanda. Indawo yase Matikwe, eCongo yizindawo ezinomlando kanye naseziMangweni. Lapha kulezindawo ezikhathini zakudala kwaku naMaNdiya kanye nabantu abamnyama behlala ndawonye. AMaNdiya eyenezitolo ezinkulu ekwakuthengwa kuzo kanye nezindawo zokulima. Kanti amanzi ayekhiwa kuwo lomfula ngabantu baseMatikwe kanye nabantu abavela eCongo. Abantu bakulendawo […]
Umlando wendawo yaseTafuleni, eNanda
ETafuleni yindawo yaseNanda, eyindawo yasemaphandleni. Abantu bakhona banezindawo ezinkulu bayalima kanti kunanezimoba. Ngibe sengiba nengxoxo noGogo Louise Sithole ohlala khona eTafuleni osixoxele ngokuqanjwa kwalendawo. Wazalelwa endaweni yaseXobho ngonyaka ka 1940 ngo June 19. Endaweni yaseNanda walethwa ngumsebenzi wafikela endaweni yaseNtuzuma. Njengamanje uhlala eTafuleni emzini owayehlala namaNdiya khona. Uthi amaNdiya ayehlala nawo asuswa ngumasipala. Uthi umuzi […]
Umlando WakwaMzimela Nezithakazelo Zabo
Izithakazelo Mzimela! Mnguni! Lwandle olungawelwa Luwelwa zinkonjane zona ezindizela phezulu Mahlab’ angadli Ngoba udl’ umkhonto Mwelase! Ongaweli ngezibuko! Owela ngempambuse zomfula Umaginind’ umuntu ngomkhonto UDlubu lwahlutshwa ekhasini Gumede! Mbizeni! Ntaka! Sheleza! Mzungwanya, Dimbani; Donda kaMlimandlela Mfuyi wamatshe, Mnguni ! Mfeka Abasab’ amacokana Nzungane kaMagxega KaNtonga yethusi. Lwazi, Maconi AbaZimela ngentonga yethusi Abafokazana bezimelelela ngomhlanga Umlando wabo […]
August Hammar – Government Surveyor, 1890-1915
Contents 1 Swedish Oskarsberg Mission 2 Soldier 3 Surveyor 4 Adventurer 5 Artist Swedish Oskarsberg Mission Augustus Hammar, a 22-year-old newly qualified civil engineer from Sweden, arrived in Durban in January 1879. Not being able to afford the post cart fare to the Transvaal, he set out on foot to the Swedish Church Mission at […]


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Stanoject is a modified form of Stanozolol, also more commonly known by bodybuilders as injectable Winstrol Depot.
It is also known as Stanoject 50 because of its milligram strength.
Before turning to modified forms of any anabolic androgenic steroid available only through prescription (ngokomthetho) and for the treatment of medical conditions, be aware of how that modified form behaves in the body.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu lapho izidakamizwa ayenzelwanga ukusetshenziswa ezingezona ezokwelapha, ezifana sawo esiningi.
Bodybuilders nabagijimi ukuqeqesha nge Stanoject bangase bakuthole etholakalayo kalula emazweni ase-European kuka US, kodwa yokuyidayisela by izitolo steroid inthanethi emhlabeni wonke. Thenga Winsol inthanethi lapha.
Muscle Lean
Ukulahlekelwa Fat
Phakamisa izinsimbe ezisindayo
Perfor-mance
Bulking
Inzuzo IMisa
Isilinganiselwa umhleli
Okuqukethwe
Kuyini Stanoject Stanozolol?
Stanoject kuyindlela walishintsha kancane ka Stanozolol, ezivezwa Belco Pharma.
Stanozolol kuyinto zokwenziwa, laboratory athuthukile Anabolic steroid androgenic ukuthi lisuselwe metabolite kwe-testosterone eyaziwa ngokuthi dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
Stanozolol (Winstrol Depot) ubhekwa njengesilwane esisengcupheni C-17 kwama-steroid alkaloid.
Ngokuyinhloko, Stanozolol, njengoba C-17 kwama-steroid alkaloid, wakhiwe nge cholestane (cholesterol steroid) Uhlaka noma isisekelo.
Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo kwezidakamizwa iqukethe 17 Ama-athomu omoya-carbon, yingakho igama layo njengoba C-17 (17 Ama-athomu omoya-carbon) steroid.
At nenchazelo kakhulu eziyisisekelo, steroid ukuhlinzeka imisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo emzimbeni womuntu. Eyokuqala ukuthonya isakhiwo kanye fluidity we ulwelwesi yeselula.
Enye, njenge steroid Anabolic androgenic, ukhonza njengomdala molecule mkhosi, okuyinto edonsela ukuze, sibopha ukuthi, kanye oyenza i-hormone receptor.
Stanoject, njengoba ukuguqulwa Stanozolol, inikeza ngokulinganisela amakhono namandla Anabolic ngenkathi ekunciphiseni amandla ayo androgenic.
Androgenic imiphumela engemihle Anabolic steroid androgenic ngokuvamile engathandeki ukuba bodybuilders.
imiphumela enjalo zihlanganisa kodwa ayigcini:
- lungaba ekuthuthukiseni gynecomastia
- egcina amanzi
- ukuvuvukala
Izinzuzo Stanoject
Stanozolol is ukwandisa amazinga testosterone khulula emzimbeni eyaziwa futhi wehlise amazinga ubulili-hormone okuthiwa i-ngibopha globulin eyaziwa ngokuthi SHBG.
Lesi sici sokuhlakanipha enkompolo futhi likuvumela “yayisikhululeke kakhudlwana” testosterone ukuba atholakale umzimba.
Stanozolol futhi eliphumelelayo:
- ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu
- ekuthuthukiseni amaprotheni zamagama
- ekufukuleni nokugcinwa nitrogen bemisipha
Stanozolol akuyona ngokuvamile Kunconywa for ekwelapheni izimo abantu, njenge hypogonadism noma amazinga aphansi testosterone.
Ngo zimo yezokwelapha, kwathiwa ayekuhlosile njengoba ukwelashwa isimo eyaziwa ngokuthi angioedema lezinceku. Lokhu kwabangela uketshezi ukugcwala kwamanzi noma amanzi nokugcinwa ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba.
Umuthi inqanyuliwe imithi womuntu emazweni amaningi emhlabeni wonke.
Ngoba kunciphisa nokugcinwa uketshezi Nokho, it is ngokuvamile esetshenziswa bodybuilders ngomphumela kakhulu efanayo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kwemidlalo yokuncintisana noma imincintiswano.
Stanoject Isikali
Stanoject 50 iza 50 MG ngayinye ngemililitha umkhiqizo ezihlukahlukene ezitolo inthanethi steroid.
abakhiqizi ezahlukene kanye nabathengisi ukunikeza amandla ezahlukene umkhiqizo kanye milligram.
Ngokuvamile Isikali kuyindaba yomuntu siqu esekelwe imiphumela oyifunayo.
Nakuba umthamo isilinganiso Winstrol / Stanozolol kuyinto 50 MG usuku, imithamo kungaba ngokuvamile sikhuphukela phezulu.
Ngo zimo yezokwelapha, Stanozolol komjovo olwatuswa ngesikhathi 50 MG zonke amabili kuya kwamathathu amasonto.
Nokho, wezilwane grade Stanozolol, ngenxa izinga yayo ompofu kuka into basungula ukusetshenziswa womuntu, ngokuvamile etuswa 75 MG njalo ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu.
Kunconywa ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane ukuqala ngo umthamo ephansi okunokwenzeka ukuze gauge kanjani umzimba iphendula ke.
Abesifazane belulekwa ukuba bahlale kude Stanozolol / Winstrol / Stanoject 50 ngoba kungaba nzima ngempela ukulinganisela phakathi kwemithwalo yakho amazinga ama-hormone, kanye of course, awusebenzi unayo ingozi virilism, ngisho ngesikhathi ngemithamo aphansi kakhulu cishe 25 MG zonke izinsuku ezine.
Stanozolol / Stanoject 50 ngokuvamile embondelene namanye ama steroid androgenic imiphumela esasizosheshisa.
Omunye ezivamile izingxenye ukustaka kuyinto testosterone ne propionate, enanthate, noma ester cypionate elikulo. lapho embondelene, umthamo testosterone ububanzi esisukela 200 mg ukuze 400 mg masonto onke.
Cutting Stackcutting Cycle CrazyBulk
- ANVAROL ngoba Amandla naMandla
- CLENBUTROL ngoba Umzimba Owengeziwe
- WINSOL ukuba Thola Imisipha waklebhula
- Testo-MAX ngoba Ukuzivivinya Explosive
Uthenge Kuphi Stanoject
Stanoject itholakala kusukela eziningi zemicimbi inthanethi nezitolo steroid. Njengenjwayelo, abanye ngokuzimisela ukuze kunqunywe idumela umdayisi.
Steroid steroid androgenic kanye ukushintshwa labo steroid like Stanoject owaziwa ukhiqizwa emazweni angu-Asia kuhlanganise iChina, India, futhi Thailand. Akubona bonke abangabafundisi imikhiqizo izinga.
Mbumbulu futhi afaka elithi izingxenye kukhona ngeshwa ezivamile.
Bodybuilders ngokuvamile baphendukela ekusebenziseni ukuhlolwa kits ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokho ngaphambilini kuyinto abakutholayo, kodwa abanye lezi kits kuphela yakhelwe ukukhomba steroid ethile, hhayi nezinye izingxenye.
Stanoject Side Effects
Ukuphepha uhlale inkinga, futhi njengabanye steroid Anabolic androgenic, Stanozolol kungase kube nomthelela eziningi engathandeki side effects. Ezinye Ingaba yinto engathí sina ngempela futhi zihlanganisa:
- ithonya elibi enethambo amaminerali ukuminyana [1]
- isibindi uhlobo [2]
- Acute Bile nephropathy
[3]
Uma kukhona izimpawu of side effects noma ukusabela ezingezinhle kubalwe uma usebenzisa Stanozolol kuphela imijikelezo noma lapho embondelene, umise ukusebenzisa bese ngahlola.
Eminye imiphumela emibi futhi ukusabela ezingezinhle zingenzeka uma usebenzisa Stanoject, or any form of Stanozolol at any dosage.AzololAzolol 5mgDesma WinstrolMenabolNeurabolRexobolRexoginStanabolStanobolicStanojectStanol SteroidStanozoland 10mgStrombafortStromba StanozololWinstrol BrandsWinstrol Zambon
- waklebhula & Lean
- Imisipha ROCK-HARD Defined
- Amandla Enhanced & Amandla
- 100% KWEZOMTHETHO With No kadokotela
Okubhekwayo
- Nebot E, Aparico VA, Camiletti-Moirón D, Martinez R, Erben RG, Kapravelou G, Sánchez-González C, De Teresa C, Porres JM, López-Jurado M, Aranda P, Pietschmann P. Stanozolol Inciphisa Bone Inzuzo Abamakayo, kwandisa bamatshe aligugu, futhi okushintsha Femoral Jiyomethri e Amagundane Male. Calcif Tissue Int. 2016 jun;98(6):609-18. doi: 10.1007/s00223-016-0108-8. ePUB 2016 uJan 22.
- Dornelles GL, Bueno A, de Oliveira JS, da Silva AS, França RT, da Silva CB, Machado MS, Petry LD, Abdalla FH, Lhamas CL, de Andrade CM. Biochemical and oxidative stress markers in the liver and kidneys of rats submitted to different protocols of anabolic steroids. Mol Cell Biochem 2017 uJan;425(1-2):181-189. doi: 10.1007/s11010-016-2872-1. ePUB 2016 -nov 28.
- Alkhunaizi AM, ElTigani MA, Rabah RS, Nasr SH. Acute bile nephropathy secondary to anabolic steroids. Clin Nephrol. 2016 -Feb;85(2):121-6. doi: 10.5414/CN108696.
- Ellis AJ et al . The differential effects of stanozolol on human skin and synovial fibroblasts in vitro: DNA synthesis and receptor binding. Agents Actions. 1994 Mar;41(1-2):37-43.
- A Rimmer et al . inzuzo ongahlosiwe steroid ukusetshenziswa kwama-steroid e hemophilia B Leiden. Am J Hematol. 2012 uJan;87(1):122-3. doi: 10.1002/ajh.22190. Azikho abstract etholakalayo.
- Höld KM et al . Detection of stanozolol in hair by negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol. 1996 Oct;20(6):345-49.
- Tsitsimpikou C et al . Detection of stanozolol in the urine of athletes at a pg level: The possibility of passive exposure. Biomed Rep. 2016 Dec;5(6):665-666. doi: 10.3892/br.2016.794.
- Staerkle RF et al . Synchronous bilateral ductal carcinoma in situ of the male breast associated with gynecomastia in a 30-year-old patient following repeated injections of stanozolol. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006 May;97(2):173-6. Erratum e: Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006 May;97(2):177. Melcher, A [corrected to Melcher, Gian A].


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Ugwalo oluphansi kwesihloko esithi “Troubled Water: Burst Pipes, Contaminated Wells and Open Defecation in Zimbabwe’s Capital” luthi izakhamizi zeHarare ezinengi kazenelisi ukufinyelela ukuthola amanzi kanye lezambuzi ezihlanzekileyo.
Inengi lazo libikwa licina linatha amanzi angahlanzekanga avela emithonjeni loba izibholane ezingavikelwanga kumbe ezingena amanzi avela ezambuzini.
Esethula lolu gwalo umnumzana Dewa Mavhinga isiphathamandla seZimbabwe kuhlangothi lwemhlubulweni wangezansi wezwekazi leAfrica olwe Human Rights Watch’s Southern Africa Division, uthe inhlolisiso abayenzileyo iveza ukuba uhulumende akaqakathekisi inhlelo zokutholisa uzulu amanzi ahlanzekileyo kanye lokuthwalwa kwengcekeza ephuma ezambuzini.
Uqhubeke ethi uhulumende kanye labomanisiphala bayehluleka ukusebenzela ndawonye enhlelweni zokutholisa uzulu amanzi ahlanzekileyo. Ethi amacele womabili kumele basebenzelane aphume lamacebo okuvuselela umsebenzi wokuhlanza amanzi lokuthwalwa kwengcekeza zezambuzi ikakhulu eHarare.
UMavhinga ukhuthaze ugatsha lwentuthuko yezabelo ukuthi kumele lusebenzise imali ephathelane lokutholisa uzulu amanzi ahlanzekileyo kuleyo misebenzi hatshi ukuyiphambula isisetshenziswa kwezinye inhlelo.
Elinye icebo elinikwe ngabe Human Right Watch ngelokuthi ikhansili yeHarare mayitshiyane lomkhuba wokuvalela abantu amanzi ngenxa yokungabhadali isikhwelede somthelo wamanzi, izame ukudinga ezinye indlela zokutholisa uzulu amanzi ezifana lokwemba izibholane kanye lokwakha izambuzi ezingasetshenziswa nguzulu nxa engenelisi ukusebenzisa ezisemzini yazo.
UMavhinga ukhuthaze njalo ugatsha lwezempilakahle ukuthi aphathise ngokuhlala ehlola izibholane ezisetshenziswa nguzulu ukuthi zihlanzekile na. Wathi inhlanganiso ezizimeleyo zilakho ukuphathisa ngolwazi lengcwethi ekulungisiseni uhlupho lwamanzi eHarare.
Abenhlanganiso yezakhamizi eye Combined Harare Residents Association-CHRA kanye leye Harare Residents Trust-HRT abakade bekhona labo emkhosini lo bancome kakhulu lumbiko lamacebo anikwe ngabe HRW zisithi ngempela ukuzibeka sobala inhlupho ezibhekane lezakhamizi zeHarare.
Umbiko lo owethulwe namhlanje ngabe HRW wenziwe ngemva kwenhlolisiso abenhlanganiso le bekhuluma lezakhamizi ezimbalwa phakathi kwamaviki athoba minwe mbili phakathi kwenyanga kaMpandula nyakenye kuze kuyefika uMfumfu lonyaka.
Idolobho leHarare likhethwe ukwenzelwa linhlolisiso ngoba liyilo isigodlo selizwe njalo liyilo elithwale nzima ngokuqhamuka kwemikhuhlane yesihudo secholera olwabulala abantu abambalwa phakathi komnyaka ka2008 lo 2009.


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Kulemibiko ethi uMnu. Saviour Kasukuwere, owayebona ngokufundisa abantu imilayo yebandla leZanu PF, uzama ukubuyela ekhaya.
UKasukuwere, owayecatshangelwa ukuthi ukucele lebandla leZanu PF elibizwa ngokuthi yiGeneration 40, kuthiwa usezame okwesikhathi eside ukuba akhulumisane ngodaba lolu loMongameli Emmerson Mnangagwa kanye lezinye iziphathamandla zikahulumende.
Abanye abakhe ababalisa uProfessor Jonathan Moyo loMnu. Patrick Zhuwao, ababaleka elizweni ibutho lihluthunela uMnu. Robert Mugabe umbuso, bayakusola lokhu okwenziwa nguKasukuwere obedingwa ngamehlo abamvu nguhulumende.
Kukhanya engani ufisa ukukhokhela ibandla leNational Patriotic Front elabunjwa ngabantu abakucele leGeneration 40 kubandla elibusayo. Kasenelisanga ukukhuluma loKasukuwere leziphathamandla zebandla leZanu PF.
Ukuze sihlaziye udaba lolu, sixoxe loDokotela Nkululeko Sibanda, ingcwethi kwezombusazwe osekolitshini leHuddersfield University kwele Bhilithani, othi ibandla leZanu PF lilakho ukusebenzisa uKasukuwere engabuyela ekhaya.
UKasukuwere, uMoyo, uZhuwao labanye abambalwa ababekhokhela icele leG40 befuna ukuthi uNkosikazi Grace Mugabe athathe isikhundla sikaMugabe, badingwa libutho leZimbabwe Defence Forces elibethesa amacala okweba imali kahulumende lokukhuthaza uMugabe ukuthi enze okungalunganga kwezombusazwe.
Akwaziwa ukuthi bahlala ngaphi okwamanje lobanje kulemibiko ethi bakwele South Africa.