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WASHINGTON DC - Kulabantu abane abafunyanwe yinkantolo kamantshi ngoMgqibelo belecala lokuthuka amapholisa ngokuthi ayizinja zikaMongameli Emmerson Mnangagwa ezisetshenziswayo nje ezizakufa zihawula.
Inhlanganiso yamagqwetha abamelayo eyeZimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum yazise ukuthi abasolwa laba nguNobody Makoni, Kudzai Sachiwo, Jacob Chigodora loBatsirai Sora.
Umantshi ubethese isigwebo sokuhlawula inkulungwane ezingamakhulu angamatshumi amathatu, ZW$30,000 ngamunye. I-Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum ithi ababili babasolwa laba, uChipo Mungoshi loMemory Chikodze bafunyanwe bemsulwa.
Ohlaziya ezombusazwe uMnu Effie Dlela Ncube utshele iStudio 7 ukuthi ukufunyanwa kwabane belecala lokuthuka amapholisa lokhu yinto embi ephula isisekelo sombuso welizwe.
Banengi asebebotshiwe ngakolunye uhlangothi besetheswa amacala okuthuka uMongameli Mnangagwa.


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Unyaka ubonakala ungakapheli konjiniyela Meta. Inkampani eyimpande lapho uhlelo lokuthumela imiyalezo ye-WhatsApp lukhona iyaqhubeka nokusebenza ukuze inikeze izindaba ezibalulekile kuhlelo lokusebenza lonyaka omusha ka-2022. Emasontweni ambalwa edlule umsebenzi wahlanganiswa esingakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo ucingo oluqalwe eqenjini uma Seluqalile, njengokungathi ingxoxo evamile. Namuhla sivuka ngezindaba ukuthi I-WhatsApp ihlola idizayini entsha kusixhumi esibonakalayo sezingcingo zezwi zohlelo lokusebenza okungakafinyeleli enguqulweni ye-beta.
I-WhatsApp ihlola idizayini entsha kumakholi wezwi
Lezi zindaba ziphuma esandleni se-WABetaInfo, ingosi enikezelwe ekuhlungeni izindaba mayelana nohlelo lokusebenza nokuhlaziya ama-beta enziwa atholakale kubasebenzisi ababhaliswe ohlelweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, Akusona isici esisha esingezwe kuhlelo lokusebenza kanjalo, kodwa idizayini ehlolwayo ngaphakathi kwamahhovisi e-WhatsApp futhi iza kubahloli be-beta emavikini ambalwa alandelayo uma intuthuko iqhubeka.
Esithombeni esiphethe lesi sihloko ubona ukuqhathaniswa komklamo wamanje (kwesokunxele) kanye nomusha (kwesokudla) ku-interface yekholi yezwi yohlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo. Njengoba sibona zithuthela imibala emnyama kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esihlangene kakhudlwana, ukulahla i-gradient eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esihambisane nathi kusukela yethulwa. Sikwazi kuphela ukufinyelela lesi sithombe esiqhathanisa ucingo olulodwa. Asiyazi i-interface lapho abantu abaningi bengezwa kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi bavela ngefomethi yesikwele, ikakhulukazi njengoba ucingo lwamanje luvela ebhokisini kuhlaka olumpunga olungancishiswa ukuze lunikeze isikhala kwabanye ababambi qhaza esikrinini. .
Lo mklamo omusha ulindelekile shaya izinguqulo ze-beta ze-Android ne-iOS ngokushesha lapho isitholakala. Usuku alwaziwa kodwa sikutholile kusengaphambili WABetaInfo.

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Ngokomlando, idatha yedivayisi yezokwelapha yayihlukanisiwe, ivaleleke eziseleni, ngayinye inezimiso zokuxhumana ezihlukile, ukuxhumana ngokomzimba, amanani okubuyekeza, namagama, kodwa inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ibeke imishini yezokwelapha esikhungweni sokuthuthuka kokusuka eshadini nasekubhalweni kuye ekuqashweni kwesiguli okusebenzayo. kanye nokungenelela.
Ngokulandelelwa ngolwazi oluhlukahlukene, oluthrendayo lwesikhashana, odokotela bangasebenzisa idatha yomlando neyesikhathi sangempela ukuze kube lula ukuthathwa kwezinqumo zomtholampilo zesikhathi sangempela ezisekelwe ekushintsheni nasekuguqukeni kwezitayela.
Imboni yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ikude kakhulu nokuqonda ukusebenzisana kwendawo yonke kwemishini yezokwelapha.Nakuba imihlahlandlela yenhlangano nezinguquko, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, izinhlangano zezimboni, nezinhlangano zamazinga, kanye nezimfuneko ezihlukahlukene zezimboni nezamabhizinisi ziye zakhuthaza abakhiqizi abathile ukuba bakhe izixhumanisi, izinsiza eziningi zezokwelapha zisadinga ukuthi izakhiwo zazo zobunikazi zihunyushelwe kokuthile okulinganiselwe futhi okujwayelekile uhlelo lwezempilo lwe-IT, kokubili ngefomethi ye-semantics kanye nemiyalezo.
I-middleware yesistimu yedatha yedivayisi yezokwelapha (MDDS) izoqhubeka idingeka ukuze idonse idatha kusuka ezigabeni ezithile zemishini yezokwelapha kusetshenziswa imininingwane yomthengisi, bese iyihumusha futhi iyidlulisele kurekhodi lezempilo lika-elekthronikhi (EHR), inqolobane yedatha, noma olunye uhlelo lolwazi ukuze lusekele. sebenzisa izimo ezifana ne-clinical charting, ukusekelwa kwezinqumo zomtholampilo, kanye nocwaningo.Idatha evela kumishini yezokwelapha ihlanganiswa nenye idatha kurekhodi lesiguli ukuze kwakhiwe isithombe esiphelele nesiphelele sesimo sesiguli.
Ububanzi nobubanzi bamakhono e-MDDS middleware busiza izindlela izibhedlela, izinhlelo zezempilo kanye nezinye izinhlangano zabahlinzeki ezingaveza izindlela zokusebenzisa idatha egeleza isuka kudivayisi iye ohlelweni lokurekhoda.Ukusetshenziswa kwedatha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphathwa kokunakekelwa kwesiguli kanye nokwenza izinqumo zomtholampilo kufika ngokushesha engqondweni—kodwa lokho kuklwebha kuphela lokho okungenzeka.
Amandla Okubuyisa Idatha
Kancane kancane, i-MDDS middleware idinga ukwazi ukubuyisa idatha ye-episodic kudivayisi yezokwelapha futhi iyihumushele kufomethi evamile.Ukwengeza, i-middleware kufanele ikwazi ukubuyisa idatha ngesivinini esiguquguqukayo ukuze ihlangabezane nezimfuneko zezilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza zomtholampilo (isb., amagumbi okuhlinza aqhathaniswa namayunithi okunakekela kakhulu ngokumelene namayunithi okwelashwa nokuhlinzwa).
Izikhathi zokushadi zasemtholampilo ngokuvamile ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezidingo zomtholampilo ukusuka kumasekhondi angu-30 kuya emahoreni ambalwa.I-Higher-frequency, sub- second data, ifaka izilinganiso ze-waveform kusuka kuziqaphi ze-physiologic, amalophu evolumu yokucindezela asuka kuma-ventilators, kanye nedatha yohlobo lwe-alamu ekhishwe kumishini yezokwelapha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwedatha yokubonisa nokuhlaziya, ukuhlaziya okubikezelayo, kanye nekhono lokucubungula idatha eqoqwe endaweni yokunakekelwa ukuze kudale ulwazi olusha nakho kushayela amanani okuqoqwa kwedatha.Ikhono lokubuyisa idatha ngamanani aguquguqukayo, okuhlanganisa nezinga lamasekhondi amancane, lidinga amandla obuchwepheshe engxenyeni yomthengisi we-middleware, kodwa futhi lidinga amandla okulawula ngendlela yokuvunyelwa kwe-FDA, okubonisa ukuthi i-middleware iyakwazi ukubonisa lokho. kuye kwanciphisa ubungozi obuhlobene nokuxhumana nedatha yemvamisa ephezulu yama-alamu nokuhlaziya—ngisho nokuqapha nokungenelela kwesiguli.
Imithelela Yokungenelela Kwesikhathi Sangempela
I-Middleware ingasetshenziswa ukuze kudonswe idatha emishinini yezokwelapha futhi ihlanganise neminye idatha kurekhodi lesiguli ukuze kwakhiwe isithombe esiphelele nesiphelele sesimo sesiguli samanje.Ukuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya nedatha yesikhathi sangempela endaweni yokuqoqwa kudala ithuluzi elinamandla lokubikezela nokusekelwa kwezinqumo.
Lokhu kuphakamisa imibuzo ebucayi ephathelene nokuphepha kwesiguli kanye nezinga lobungozi obuthathwa yisibhedlela.Izidingo zemibhalo yesiguli zihluke kanjani ezidingweni zesikhathi sangempela zokungenelela kwesiguli?Kuyini ukugeleza kwedatha kwesikhathi sangempela nokuthi yini engekho?
Ngoba idatha esetshenziselwa ukungenelela kwesikhathi sangempela, njengama-alamu omtholampilo, ithinta ukuphepha kwesiguli, noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka ekulethweni kwabo kubantu abalungile kungaba nemiphumela eyingozi.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda imithelela yezidingo ekubambezelekeni kokulethwa kwedatha, impendulo, nobuqotho.
Amandla ezixazululo ezihlukahlukene ze-middleware ayagqagqana, kodwa kukhona ukucatshangelwa okuyisisekelo kwezakhiwo nokulawula okufanele kucatshangelwe, ngaphandle kwemininingwane yesofthiwe noma ukufinyelela ngokomzimba kudatha.
I-FDA Clearance
Esikhaleni se-IT sezempilo, imvume ye-FDA 510(k) ibusa ukuxhunywa kwedivayisi yezokwelapha kanye nokuxhumana kumasistimu edatha yedivayisi yezokwelapha.Omunye umehluko phakathi kwezinhlelo zedatha yedivayisi yezokwelapha ezihloselwe ukusetshenziswa kweshadi nokuqapha okusebenzayo ukuthi lawo masistimu asuliwe ukuze aqashwe ngokuqhubekayo abonise amandla okuxhumana ngokuthembekile idatha nama-alamu adingekayo ekuhlolweni kwesiguli nokungenelela.
Ikhono lokukhipha idatha futhi liyihumushele ohlelweni lokurekhoda liyingxenye yalokho i-FDA ekuthatha njenge-MDDS.I-FDA idinga ukuthi izixazululo ze-MDDS ziphathe isimo se-FDA Class I ukuze kubhalwe phansi.Ezinye izici, njengama-alamu kanye nokuqapha kwesiguli okusebenzayo, zingaphezu kobubanzi—ukudlulisa, ukugcinwa, ukuguqulwa nokuboniswa—kwamakhono ajwayelekile e-MDSS.Ngokomthetho, uma i-MDDS isetshenziswa ngaphezu kwalokho okuhlosiwe, lokhu kushintsha umthwalo wokugada nokuthobela izibhedlela ezizobizwa kamuva njengomkhiqizi.
Ukugunyazwa Kwesigaba II kungafinyelelwa ngumthengisi we-middleware obonisa ngombono wengozi ukuthi unciphise ngempumelelo izingozi zedatha ukuze zisetshenziswe ekungeneleleni okubukhoma, okungahambisana nokuxhumana kwe-alamu noma ukudalwa kwedatha entsha evela kudatha eluhlaza eqoqwe kusuka imishini yezokwelapha.
Ukuze umthengisi we-middleware afune imvume yokuqapha isiguli esisebenzayo, kufanele abe nakho konke ukuhlola kanye nebhalansi ukuze aqinisekise ukutholwa nokulethwa kwayo yonke idatha yesiguli esebenzayo ngezinjongo zokungenelela kusukela ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni-kusuka endaweni yokuqoqa (idivayisi yezokwelapha) ukuya ekulethweni. iphuzu (umtholampilo).Futhi, ikhono lokuletha ngesikhathi kanye nokutholwa kwedatha edingekayo yokungenelela nokuqapha okusebenzayo kwesiguli, kuwumehluko obalulekile.
Ukulethwa Kwedatha, Ukuxhumana, Nobuqotho
Ukuze kusekelwe ukuqapha kwesiguli okusebenzayo kanye nokulethwa kwedatha okuqinisekisiwe, indlela yokuxhumana esuka kudivayisi yezokwelapha eseceleni kombhede iye kumamukeli kufanele iqinisekise ukulethwa kwedatha phakathi nesikhathi esishiwo.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulethwa, isistimu kufanele ihlale iqapha leyo ndlela yokuxhumana futhi ibike uma futhi lapho idatha ivinjelwa noma ibambezeleke ngalé komkhawulo omkhulu owamukelekayo wokubambezeleka nokusebenza.
Ukuxhumana okubili kwedatha kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulethwa nokuqinisekiswa kwedatha akuvimbeli noma kuphazamisile ukusebenza kwedivayisi yezokwelapha.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho uhlola ukulawula kwangaphandle kwemishini yezokwelapha noma uma kukhulunywa nge-alamu ngesiguli ngasinye.
Kuzinhlelo ze-middleware ezisulelwe ukuqapha okusebenzayo kwesiguli, ikhono lokuguqula idatha lingenzeka.Ama-algorithms okwenza izinguquko, ukubalwa kwemiphumela ephakeme, kanye nedatha yokuhumusha uma kungenjalo kufanele idlule futhi iqinisekiswe kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza ezihlosiwe zedivayisi yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa izindlela zokwehluleka.Ukuvikeleka kwedatha, ukuhlaselwa okunonya kwedatha, idivayisi yezokwelapha, nokunqatshelwa kwesevisi, kanye ne-ransomware konke kunamandla okuba nomthelela ekuthembekeni kwedatha futhi lezi zidingo kufanele ziqedwe ngezimo ezithile futhi ziqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa.
Izindinganiso zemishini yezokwelapha yendawo yonke ngeke zenzeke ngokuphazima kweso, nakuba kuye kwathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukufuduka okunensa komkhiqizi endleleni esezingeni eliphezulu.Ukuhleleka nokusebenziseka kulawula usuku emhlabeni onezindleko eziphakeme zokutshala imali, ukuthuthukiswa, ukutholwa, nokulawula.Lokhu kuqinisa isidingo sokuba nendlela ebanzi nebheke phambili ekukhetheni ukuhlanganiswa kwensiza yezokwelapha kanye nomhlinzeki we-middleware ongasekela izidingo zobuchwepheshe nezomtholampilo zenhlangano yakho yokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-12-2017


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Emuva nolunye uhlelo lokusebenza lokuzijabulisa olumangalisayo lwenu nonke, lapho noma ubani engaba nolwazi oluhle kakhulu lokuzijabulisa. Uma ufuna ukuzijabulisa okungenamkhawulo, udinga kuphela ukuthola i-Max Series Apk kudivayisi yakho ye-Android futhi ujabule okungenamkhawulo.
Amadivayisi e-Android anikezela ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinsizakalo zabasebenzisi, lapho noma ngubani angaba nokuzijabulisa okungenamkhawulo kalula. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuzijabulisa, udinga kuphela ukuhlala nathi isikhashana futhi uhlole ulwazi oluhlobene. Ungathola uhlelo lokusebenza oluhle kakhulu lapha ukuze ujabule.
Iyini i-Max Series Apk?
I-Max Series Apk iwuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android lokuzijabulisa, olunikeza iqoqo elihle kakhulu lezinsizakalo zokuzijabulisa. Uhlelo lokusebenza lwakhiwe ngokukhethekile kubasebenzisi, lapho noma ngubani angakwazi ukufinyelela imibukiso ye-TV ye-premium mahhala.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo kubasebenzisi, abasebenzisi abangajabulela ngazo izinsizakalo zokuzijabulisa ezingenamkhawulo. Kodwa futhi kunezinkinga ezengeziwe zabasebenzisi futhi enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu okuqukethwe kwe-premium.
Iningi lohlelo lokusebenza linikeza izinsizakalo ze-premium zabasebenzisi, noma ubani angafinyelela kalula ngokutshalwa kwemali. Ngakho-ke, uma ungachithi imali ekufinyeleleni okuqukethwe kokuzijabulisa, kufanele uzame lokhu okumangalisayo Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Movie.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezici ezitholakalayo kubasebenzisi, lapho noma ubani angaba nokuzijabulisa okungapheli. Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Max Series luhlinzeka ngeqoqo elikhulu kunawo wonke lemidlalo ye-TV, abasebenzisi abangafinyelela kuyo kalula futhi babe nokuzijabulisa okungenamkhawulo.
Uchungechunge lweWebhu
Abantu bayakujabulela ukuchitha isikhathi sabo bebuka izinhlelo ze-TV nochungechunge ku-inthanethi. Kepha iningi le-Web Series alitholakali kunoma iyiphi inkundla ethile. Kunezindlu eziningi zokukhiqiza, ezihlinzeka ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zababukeli.
Ngakho-ke, kunzima kunoma ngubani ukuthi afinyelele okuqukethwe kwe-premium kusuka kumapulatifomu amaningi. Ngakho-ke, silapha nalolu hlelo lokusebenza olumangalisayo kini nonke. Ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza, awusadingi ukukhathazeka nganoma yiziphi izici ze-premium ezitholakalayo.
Yenzelwe abalandeli bomdlalo we-Tv ngokukhethekile, lapho ungathola khona amaqoqo amakhulu kakhulu emidlalo. Uhlelo lokusebenza lunikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemibukiso, noma ubani angafinyelela kalula futhi ajabule ngayo. Ungakwazi futhi ukufinyelela futhi ujabulele ukuchitha isikhathi sekhwalithi.
Qedela Iziqephu
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ukuthola iziqephu eziphelele zanoma yimuphi umbukiso. Ungathola izinkundla zamahhala zokusakaza imibukiso, kodwa ukuthola iziqephu eziphelele kungenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu. Ngakho, ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza olumangalisayo, ungakwazi ukujabulela ukuzijabulisa okungapheli futhi ujabule.
Uhlelo lokusebenza lunikeza iziqephu eziphelele, abasebenzisi abangazibuka kalula futhi bazijabulele. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukucinga noma yiziphi iziqephu. Ngezibuyekezo zansuku zonke emitatsheni yolwazi, ungathola zonke izinhlobo zokuqukethwe nsuku zonke futhi ujabule.
Ikhwalithi ephezulu
Ikhwalithi yokubonisa ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, yingakho lapha uzothola izinsizakalo eziphezulu ze-Full HD Streaming. Uhlelo lokusebenza lunikeza okuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu kubasebenzisi, lapho noma ubani angaba nokuzijabulisa okungenamkhawulo nokuzijabulisa.
Ngamaseva asheshayo nasebenzayo, noma ubani angajabulela ukuchitha isikhathi esiyikhwalithi nokuzijabulisa. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukukhathazeka nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinsizakalo zeprimiyamu zabasebenzisi. Landa i-Max Series bese uqala ukuhlola zonke izinsiza ezimangalisayo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Sinezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezifanayo ezitholakalayo lapha kubasebenzisi, lapho noma ubani angakwazi ukuzijabulisa. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-movie, kufanele uzame Pik TV futhi 94iTV. Zombili lezi ziyizinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo ezidumile ukuze abasebenzisi bazijabulise.
App Yokuxhumana
Izithombe-skrini zohlelo lokusebenza
Ungalanda kanjani i-Max Series ye-Android?
Uma ufuna ukulanda uhlelo lwakamuva lohlelo lokusebenza, asikho isidingo sokusesha ku-inthanethi futhi umoshe isikhathi sakho. Lapha uzothola inguqulo yakamuva yohlelo lokusebenza namasevisi okulanda ashesha kakhulu, lapho noma ubani angathola kalula ifayela le-Apk.
Ngakho-ke, udinga kuphela ukuchofa inkinobho yokukhipha, enikezwe phezulu nangaphansi kwaleli khasi. Uma usuwenzile umpompi, kuzomele ulinde imizuzwana embalwa. Inqubo yokulanda izoqala ngokuzenzakalela ngemuva kokuthi ukuthepha sekwenziwe.
Izici main
- Landa futhi Usebenzise Mahhala
- Kuhle Ezokuzijabulisa App
- Buka i-Endless Web Series
- Thola Iziqephu Eziphelele
- Ukuboniswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu
- Amaseva asheshayo futhi asebenzayo
- Kulula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa
- Sekela Ulimi LweSpanishi Kuphela
- Nokunye okuningi
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe Singawabuka Amamuvi Ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza?
Cha, okwamanje uhlelo lokusebenza alunikezi noma yimaphi amamuvi.
Ingabe Singawathola Amamuvi Esikhathini Esizayo?
Asibona abathuthukisi kodwa sithemba ukuthi unjiniyela uzongeza isigaba samamuvi.
Kuphephile Ukusebenzisa?
Yebo, lapha awudingi ukunikeza noma yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi lomuntu siqu noma ukutshalwa kwezimali.
amazwi okugcina
Nge-Max Series Apk, uzoba nokuzijabulisa okungcono kakhulu kuselula yakho ngaphandle kwemikhawulo ye-premium. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukujabulela impilo yakho ngaphandle kwemikhawulo, thola uhlelo lokusebenza kusixhumanisi sokulanda esingezansi futhi ujabulele.


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Ukulaxaza elesizwe sekuqala ukuba yinsakavukela kubadlali
UMaphumulo uyintatheli yezemidlalo.
Kunombuzo engihlezi ngizibuza wona ukuthi, yini ebalulekile kumdlali, ngabe yizwe lakhe noma yiqembu adlala kulo?
Mina ngokwami ngibona impela izwe kuyilo elibalulekile, ngoba izwe lohlezi lilikhulu kuneqembu. Kodwa-ke singabantu sikholelwa ezintweni ezingafani.
Mina ngoba ngithi izwe elibalulekile, ingakho nje ngeledlule ngithole ukuphoxeka ngesinqumo esithathwe abadlali beqembu lesizwe lekhilikithi iProteas. Laba badlalli uKagiso “KG” Rabada, uLungi Ngidi, uMarco Jansen, uRassie Van Der Dussen, no-Aiden Markram baqome ukuyoyibamba ku-Indian Premier League (IPL), okuyiligi yase-India kunokuthi bamele elakuleli.
Okubuhlungu benza lokhu nje izilonda ziyabhibha njengoba iBangladesh iguqise elakuleli ngo-2/1 emdlalweni emithathu ye-One Day International (ODI) nobengokokuqala emlandweni. Mina ngokwami bengibona ukuthi laba badlali bekumele babuyise isithunzi ngokuthi ayibhaxabule kabuhlungu iBangladesh emdlalweni emibili yeTest, owokuqala uqale izolo ngoLwesine. Kodwa ngibona kuzoba lukhuni satshe ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika ibhaxabulele leli lizwe njengoba abadlali okuyibo abayizethenjwa bencamele inkece kunokumela izwe labo.
Le nto eyenziwe yilaba badlali ibuhlungu ngoba uma elakuleli lingahlulwa umsebenzi kaMark Boucher ongumqeqeshi mhlambe ungaba sengcupheni. Kodwa-ke namanje ngisazibuza ukuthi ngabe yini emqoka iqembu okanye iqembu lesizwe?
Omunye obe sematheni ngokwenza into efanayo nale eyenziwe yilaba badlali bekhilikithi uPercy Tau ongumgadli we-Al Ahly yase-Egypt, bekumele amele iqembu lesizwe njengoba belidlala imidlalo yobungani emibili okubalwa kuyona nowompetha boMhlaba iFarance obungoLwesibili, wavele wathi ulimele.
Uma kuwukuthi impela uqome ukuthi azilimazise ngoba engafuni ukumela izwe ayi ungiphoxe kakhulu, uthando lwami ngaye lulokhu lehla nje kancane ngezinqumo zakhe engikholwa ukuthi aziphusile nhlobo. Lesi sinqumo somqeqeshi weBafana Bafana sokumhlawulisa izinyanga eziyisithupha engalidlubhi ijezi, ngikholwa ukuthi simfanele nje impela.
UTau kuningi okusamele akwenze njengomdlali kodwa ngoba nje eseqala ezitshela ngokuthi ashaye izwe ngesithende, aqome ukudlalela iqembu ayi usazoba senkingeni impela.
UCristiano “CR7” Ronaldo wasePortugal usekwenze konke kunobhutshuzwayo kodwa uma kuthiwa izwe lakhe lidlala umdlalo owobungani namazwe afana neLuxembourg, i-Azerbaijan ne-Andorra usuke ekhona ngeke athi ulimele. Uzombona futhi mayethola ithuba lokushaya amagoli ngisho amane angawashaya, okusho ukuthi ubeka izwe lakhe phambili kuneqembu.
UTau impela akashintshe ukwenza ngoba unekhono eliyisimanga, ukube ebekhona koweFrance kukhona okuhle akade ezokwenza.
Ungomunye wabadlali abalithemba leBafana Bafana, uma enenkinga noHugo Broos kusho ukuthi kusazothatha isikhathi ukuba adlale ngoba uma inhlangano ephethe unobhutshuzwayo kuleli ingathi iyamgcina lo mqeqeshi ngeke samubona uTau. Wenza lokhu nje usanda kuphoxa iningi labantu nyakenye evele eshiya iqembu lase-England iBrighton & Hove Albion waqoma i-Al Ahly eqeqeshwa uPitso Mosimane.


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Mkhuliseni Sizani
Izinsuku ezintathu, abashayeli bamatekisi bama-gatvol bamise inqwaba yamalokishi aseGqeberha bebhikishela izibonelelo ze-Covid-19.
Isiteleka sishube kakhulu ngoLwesithathu ekuseni ngesikhathi inhlangano yamatekisi i-Norwich nayo ivala imizila yayo ngamathayi avuthayo ngokubambisana nezinye izinhlangano ezimbili. NgoLwesithathu ebusuku kushiswe amabhasi ayisishiyagalombili e-Algoa Bus Company edepho.
Isiteleka siqale ngoLwesibili ekuseni, lapho osomatekisi benhlangano yamatekisi i-Uncedo ne-Port Elizabeth District Taxi Association bevale imigwaqo emikhulu esuka emalokishini ahlukene eya enkabeni yedolobha i-Gqeberha.
Izingane zesikole zisale dengwane, izinkulungwane zabasebenzi azingakwazanga ukufinyelela ezindaweni zazo zokusebenza futhi kushiswe izimoto ezimbili ngenxa yesiteleka samatekisi, isidalwe izibonelelo zosizo ezingakhokheliwe ze-Covid-19.
Kushiswe i-Toyota Quantum evela enkampanini ezimele ne-Uber ngoLwesibili ngesikhathi iloli ebithwele ama-zinc lisaphangwa. Kuboshwe osomatekisi abayisikhombisa ngokucekela phansi ingqalasizinda.
UBulela Sumpa, osebenza njengomshayeli wetekisi, uthe,” Siyimishini nje yokwenza imali yalaba baphathi bamatekisi abahahayo nabakhohlakele. Kodwa uma kufanele basikhokhele kumele sibe nodlame.”
Inkampani i-Algoa Bus Company yamisa imisebenzi yayo nokwaholela ekutheni kuvalwe izikole emalokishini.
UThandazwa Lamani, owenza unyaka wokuqala ezifundweni zezezimali e-East Cape Midlands College kudingeke ahambe amakhilomitha amane ukuze abambe itekisi.
“Nginezinyanga ezinhlanu ngikhulelwe futhi ngihambe ngezinyawo ngisuka eVeeplaas ngiya e-Old Uitenhage Road ngiyozama ukubamba itekisi,” esho.
“Ngiphelelwe yithemba ngoba selulekwe ukuthi sizitholele izinto zethu zokuhamba. Uma singekho lokho kuthathwa njengokwehluleka.”
UYonela Sapula ofunda ibanga lesikhombisa, esikoleni samabanga aphansi iCebelihle uthe: “Sibuyela emakhaya ngoba othisha abazange befike ngenxa yesiteleka.”
U-Asavela George waseZwide, osebenza e-Korsten uthe abakwazi ngisho ukuqasha izimoto ezizimele.
“Abamatekisi abafuni ukubona abantu abangaphezu kwababili emotweni. Ngisebenza esitolo sokudayisa futhi angikhokhelwa uma ngingasebenzi.”
UColonel Priscilla Naidu usiqinisekisile lesi sigameko sebhasi: “Cishe ngo-9: 05 ebusuku kushiswe amabhasi ayisishiyagalolunye amosheka ngokuphelele edepho yase-Motherwell. Kusolakala ukuthi ngesikhathi lo nogada eqhubeka nokujikeleza kwakhe edepho, uqaphele ibhasi ukuthi liyasha. Ugijime wayofuna usizo kanti ngesikhathi ebuya, amanye amabhasi abesha. Akukho ukulimala okutholakele. Inani lemali yamabhasi ashisiwe lilinganiselwa kuzigidi eziyi-R12. Icala lokucekela phansi impahla liyaphenywa.”


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Everson Luhanga
UKagiso Mampane oneminyaka eyishumi nanye wemukele isipho sakhe wase ethatha isinqumo sokulalela isifiso sikamamncane wakhe.
Umamncane wakhe ongasekho emhlabeni, isangoma uZodwa Njokeni owashona NgoNhlolanja ngonyaka owedlule wayefuna ukubona uKagiso osemncane ethwala umthwalo wokwelapha abantu futhi aqhubeke lapho agcine khona aqale uhambo lokuba yisangoma esifanelekile ngokuphelele.
UKagiso, ophinde abe nguDJ onethalente, uthe ubone inqwaba yezinkinga emhlabeni futhi ufuna ukwelapha abantu ngesipho sakhe esikhethekile sokhokho.
Waziwa ngelika Dabulamanzi, okuyigama lakhe lasedlozini, uthe lesi sipho usithole kumamncane wakhe.
“Ngaqala ukubona imibono,” uyasho.
“Umamncane ubesondele kakhulu kimi futhi bengimthanda kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuba ashone, ngangivame ukumsiza ngokuqoqa imithi nokuhambisa izigubhu. Usangithanda ngisho engale kwethuna futhi uzimisele ngokuthi kumele ngiqhubeke nohambo ngiqhubeke lapho agcine khona.”
Uthe uzamile ukulenqaba lolu bizo kodwa umamncane wakhe wamtshela ngamaphupho ukuthi uma engalwamukeli ubizo uzofika amlande.
ngoLwezi ngonyaka owedlule, uKagiso wangeniswa endaweni kagobela wakhe lapho ezodlula khona ohlelweni lokuthwasa cishe izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili.
UKagiso othanda ukuba yisosha uma eqeda isikole uthe ubizo lwakhe nomsebenzi awufunayo kuyahambisana.
“Njengesangoma ngizophilisa abantu ezifweni nasemagciwaneni. Njengesosha ngizobe ngivikela abantu besizwe sami,” uyasho.
Umama kaDabulamanzi uPatricia Mampane osekela indodana yakhe ukuthi yenze inqubo yokuthwasa ukhulume nabakwa-Scrolla.Africa esendumbeni kagobela wendodana yakhe.
“UKagiso wayenethalente futhi eboniswa ngesikhathi esisodwa,” uyasho.
Uthe kunezinto ezisemqoka.
“Okokuqala nje. Kumele aye esikoleni ayoqeqeshwa njengesangoma esigcwele ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nohambo lwakhe kwezokungcebeleka,” uyasho.
UPatricia uthe uKagiso akawuyeki umsebenzi wakhe wesikole.
“Ungumfundi ohamba phambili ebangeni lesihlanu,” uyasho.


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I-SZLightall Optoelectronics Co., LTD.
SZLIGHTALL Optoelectronics Co., LTD. yasungulwa ngo 2013. indlunkulu yayo itholakala Shenzhen. Njengoba kwaziwa, iShenzhen iyisisekelo esikhulu semboni esiholwa, nalu uchungechunge oluphelele lwe-SUPPLY lwezibonisi ze-LED. Singabantu ibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe likazwelonke eligxile ku-R & D, ekukhiqizeni, ekuthengiseni nasekusebenziseni isibonisi se-LED. Sinesikhungo sethu sokusebenza nesizinda sokukhiqiza eShenzhen, sesivele sithunyelwe emazweni angaphezu kwekhulu emhlabeni, ngamaphrojekthi amaningi ahlukahlukene aphumelele.
Ngemuva kweminyaka yokuthuthuka, siqongelele ulwazi olucebile lwe-R & D futhi sinemishini yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo yokuqala, isitshalo sokukhiqiza esijwayelekile esihlanzekile kanye namadivayisi wohlelo lwe-anti-static. Isungule inqubo ehlelekile yokukhiqiza ukubonisa, enikeza isiqinisekiso esisebenzayo sokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi ezinzile nezindleko zomkhiqizo ezisebenza kithi.
Imikhiqizo inebanga eligcwele nokuhlukahluka kwesakhiwo, imikhiqizo yayo imboza isibonisi esigcwele sombala we-LED wangaphakathi nangaphandle, isibonakaliso sesikhangiso se-LED, isibonisi sesiteji se-LED, isibonisi esimise okungajwayelekile kwe-LED, isibonisi seloli elihamba phambili, isibonakaliso semidlalo ye-LED, isibonisi semininingwane ye-traffic ye-LED, kuye kwalawulwa emakethe yasekhaya neyakwamanye amazwe kule mboni.
Njengamanje, sinamacala angaphezu kwe-5000 aphumelele avela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Siphumelela ukwethenjwa yimikhiqizo yamazwe aphesheya futhi sivele emincintiswaneni eminingi yomhlaba nakwimisebenzi yamanye amazwe, sidonse izinkulungwane zamakhasimende. Sibambelela enkolelweni yethu yokusebenza: "umkhiqizo osebenza kahle kakhulu, ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphakeme, insizakalo esezingeni eliphakeme". Sibambelela kumakhasimende-centric futhi siqhubeka nokudala ngokuya ngokufunwa kwamakhasimende, ukuthola inhlonipho nokwethembana. Umkhiqizo wethu uhole ekuhambisaneni nesitifiketi se-3C, UL, TUV, EMC, CE, RoHS ne-ISO9001 ejwayelekile embonini.
Inkampani yethu inethimba elihle kakhulu lokumaketha, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokuphatha, bacebile ngolwazi kulokhu okuhanjisiwe, ukuze sikwazi ukugxila kumkhiqizo we-R & D, sithole imikhiqizo emisha futhi sithuthukise ubuchwepheshe njalo. Ithimba lisevisi yamahora angama-24 online, lungela ukuxazulula noma iyiphi inkinga kumakhasimende. Ngenxa yomkhiqizo osezingeni eliphakeme ngentengo yokuncintisana, izixazululo zobungcweti kanye nensizakalo enhle emva kokuthengisa, i-Lightall Company ithola ukunconywa okuphezulu kumakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele. Nokho, besingayeki; sizoqhubeka nokunikezela ngemikhiqizo emihle kakhulu kanye nensizakalo kumakhasimende ethu. Ithagethi yethu igcina ukubambisana kwesikhathi eside namakhasimende.


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Celani Sikhakhane
Ifu elimnyama liyaqhubeka nokugubezela umndeni waseNdlunkulu yakwaZulu njengoba ubukhosi buqhubeka nokuzamazama ngokushona kwabantu abaningi.
Muva nje bulahlekelwe ngamalungu amabili aphezulu – uMntwana uMgeyana Thiza Zulu weSigodlo saKwaDlamahlahla nodadewabo, uNkosazana uSiphiwe Dilange.
INkosazana uSiphiwe, obeshade kwaDilange eMtubatuba, eNyakatho yeKwaZulu-Natali, udlule emhlabeni ngesonto eledlule ngemuva kokugula isikhashana.
Ngenkathi iSilo uMisuzulu Zulu KaZwelithini silungiselela ukuthumela izinkomo ezizohlatshwa emngcwabeni weNkosazana ngoMgqibelo, sathola izindaba zokuthi umalume waso, uMntwana uMgeyana Thiza, naye usedlulile emhlabeni.
Ngazo zonke izindlela, uMntwana uThiza wayengumuntu odume kakhulu emndenini wasebukhosini.
Wayengomunye wabantwana abadala eNdlunkulu ababephambili emalungiselelweni omngcwabo womfowabo iSilo uZwelithini KaBhekuzulu.
Umntwana naye ubesembuthweni ohlanganayo ekuzameni ukulungisa ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kwamalungu eNdlunkulu ayexabene.
Ngemuva kokudlula emhlabeni kweNdlovukazi ebiyibamba uShiyiwe Mantfombi Dlamini Zulu, kwaba nguMntwana uThiza kanye noMntwana uVana waKwaMinyamanzi abahola ithimba elaya eGoli ukuyolanda umzimba bawubuyisela KwaNongoma.
Ukushona kwalaba ababili kulandela ukudlula emhlabeni kwamalungu eNdlunkulu, iNdlovukazi ebiyibamba leNkosi uMantfombi Dlamini Zulu, umyeni wakhe iSilo uGoodwill Zwelithini KaBhekuzulu.
UMntwana uLethukuthula, oyindodana endala yeSilo uZwelithini neNdlovukazi uSibongile weSigodlo saKwaKhethomthandayo, naye wedlula emhlabeni.
UNdlovukazi uNoloyiso Nomusa Sandile waMaRharhabe naye wedlula emhlabeni, kwathi uMntwana uMandla waKwaNgenetsheni, uNkosazana uSibongile waseMbelebeleni noMntwana uMelizwe Dlamini waseNhlangwini baqedela uhlu olubuhlungu.
INdlovukazi uThembi Zulu Ndlovu uchaza lokhu kushona njengentando kaNkulunkulu, engaphezu kwamandla abo.
“Njengamanje asisazi nokuthi sizokwenzenjani ngoba kubukeka sengathi uNkulunkulu usikhombile siwumndeni,” kusho uNkosazana uThembi.
Okhulumela iNdlunkulu yakwaZulu, uMntwana uThulani Zulu uthe umndeni uzohlangana ngemuva kokufihlwa kukaMntwana uThiza bese kudingidwa umcimbi wokuhlanzwa ngokwesintu.
“Okwamanje sisalila futhi asikaze sihlangane sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kushona okwenzeka eNdlunkulu,” kusho uMntwana uThulani.


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Bazinikela Ngokuthanda Kwabo—EMadagascar
Omunye udadewethu oliphayona okuthiwa nguSylviana uthi: “Ngathi ngisizwa abangane bami bengixoxela okuhle abahlangana lakho nxa bekwamanye amazwe ngaba lesifiso esikhulu sokunambitha intokozo ababelayo.” Kodwa uSylviana wayecabanga ukuthi ngeke enelise ukuyancedisa lapho okulabamemezeli abalutshwana khona.
Mhlawumbe lawe uyafisa ukuyakhonza lapho okufuneka khona izisebenzi ezinengi kodwa uyazibuza ukuthi uzaphumelela yini. Abafowethu labodadewethu abanengi benelisile ukukwenza lokhu njalo uJehova ubasizile ukuthi banqobe loba yini ababeyibona ingumqanso. Ngakho lawe ungakhalali, uJehova uzakusiza. Ukuze ukuzwisise lokhu sizaxoxa ngalokho okwenziwe ngabanye abancedisa elizweni leMadagascar.
Eminyakeni engu-10 edlulileyo kube lamaphayona labamemezeli abakhutheleyo abedlula 70 abasuka emazweni angu-11 * bayancedisa eMadagascar. Abantu abanengi elizweni leli bayakuthanda ukuxoxa ngeBhayibhili. Labanye abamemezeli abadabuka eMadagascar bayasuka besiyatshumayela izindaba ezinhle kwezinye izindawo eziselizweni leli. Ake sizwe abanye belandisa abahlangane lakho.
UKUNQOBA UKWESABA LOKUTHANDABUZA
ULouis lomkakhe uPerrine basuka eFrance baya eMadagascar. Kwasekuleminyaka becabanga ukuyancedisa kwelinye ilizwe kodwa uPerrine wayethandabuza. Uthi: “Ngangisesaba ukuya endaweni engingayaziyo. Ngangikhathazwa yikutshiya imuli yangakithi, ibandla esasikulo, umuzi wethu, indawo esiyaziyo kanye lezinto esasizijayele. Ukukhathazeka ngezinto lezi kwakungenza ngesabe ukuhamba.” Ngo-2012 uPerrine wasiqunga isibindi futhi yena lomkakhe uLouis balubhekisa eMadagascar. UPerrine uyazisola yini ngesinqumo abasenzayo? Uthi: “Ukubona indlela uJehova asisize ngayo kwenze ukholo lwethu lwaqina.” ULouis laye uthi: “Okwasithokozisa kakhulu yikuthi siqala nje ukungena iSikhumbuzo eMadagascar kwabuya abantu abangu-10 esasifunda labo iBhayibhili!”
Kuyini okwanceda uLouis loPerrine ukuthi baqhubekele phambili ngenkonzo yabo lanxa babehlangana lobunzima? Yikuthandaza kuJehova becela amandla okuthi benelise ukubekezela. (Flp. 4:13) ULouis uthi: “Sakubona ukuthi uJehova uyayiphendula imithandazo yethu futhi wasinika ukuthula okuvela kuye. Lokhu kwasinceda ukuthi siqhubeke sicabanga ngezibusiso esasizithola emsebenzini wokutshumayela. Abangane bethu abaseFrance labo babehlala besibhalela besikhuthaza ukuthi siqhubekele phambili.”—Flp. 4:6, 7; 2 Khor. 4:7.
UJehova wababusisa uLouis lomkakhe uPerrine ngokubekezela kwabo. ULouis uthi: “Ngo-October 2014 sangena iSikolo SeBhayibhili SamaKhristu Atshadileyo * eFrance. Ukubizwa esikolo lesi yisipho esivela kuJehova esingasoze safa sasikhohlwa.” Sebeqedile isikolo uLouis lomkakhe bacelwa ukuthi babuyele eMadagascar.
“SIZAZIGQAJA NGANI!”
Umfowethu uDidier lomkakhe uNadine bathuthela eMadagascar bevela eFrance ngo-2010. UDidier uthi: “Saqalisa ukuphayona sisesebatsha njalo saba labantwana abathathu. Bathi sebekhulile saqalisa ukucabanga ngokuyancedisa kwelinye ilizwe.” UNadine uthi: “Ukucabanga ukuthi ngizahamba ngitshiye abantwabami kwakungenza ngithandabuze kodwa bona basitshela bathi, ‘Nxa lingahamba liyekhonza kwelinye ilizwe sizazigqaja ngani!’ Amazwi abo asifuqa ukuthi sihambe. Lanxa sihlala khatshana labo okusithokozisayo yikuthi siyenelisa ukuhlala sikhuluma labo.”
UDidier loNadine kwabathwalisa nzima ukufunda ulimi lwesiMalagasy. UNadine wakhuluma ebobotheka wathi: “Phela thina sesikhulile.” Manje kuyini okwabanceda ukuthi bafunde ulimi lolu? Bathi befika elizweni leli bangena lebandla lesiFrench. Kodwa ngokuya kwesikhathi bathuthela ebandleni elisebenzisa isiMalagasy ukuze baqalise ukufunda ulimi lolu. UNadine uthi: “Abantu abanengi esihlangana labo ekutshumayeleni bayakuthanda ukufunda iBhayibhili. Bahlala besibonga nxa sibavakatshela. Ekuqaliseni kwakungimangalisa ukubona abantu besamukela kuhle kangaka. Ngiyakukholisa kakhulu ukuphayona endaweni le. Nxa ngivuka ekuseni ngiyabe ngithokoza, ngikhumbula ukuthi sengizakuya ekutshumayeleni!”
UDidier kakukhohlwa okwenzakala ngesikhathi eqalisa ukufunda ulimi lwesiMalagasy. Uthi: “Ngokwesibonelo ngangiqhuba imihlangano yebandla kodwa ngingezwa nxa abafowethu labodadewethu bephendula. Okwami kwakuyikuthi, ‘Siyabonga.’ Ngelinye ilanga ngabonga omunye udade ngempendulo yakhe kodwa abanye ababehlalele emuva baqalisa ukunikina amakhanda betshengisa ukuthi uphendule okungayisikho. Ngemva kwalokho ngaqamba omunye umzalwane futhi ngithemba ukuthi wakhuluma impendulo eyiyo.”
WASUKUMELA PHEZULU
Emhlanganweni wesabelo ka-2005 kwabukelwa umdlalo owawukhuluma ngoThimothi othi “Phishekela Imigomo Edumisa UNkulunkulu.” UThierry lomkakhe uNadia bawukholisa kakhulu umdlalo lo njalo wabenza baba lesifiso sokuyancedisa lapho okulabamemezeli abalutshwana khona. UThierryuthi: “Umdlalo lo wathi uphela nganyenyezela umkami ngathi, ‘Sizakuya ngaphi?’ Umkami wangitshela ukuthi yikho laye ayekucabanga.” Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi baqalisa ukwenza amalungiselelo. UNadia uthi: “Saqalisa ukunciphisa izinto esasilazo saze sasala silezinto ezigcwala izikhwama ezine kuphela.”
UThierry lomkakhe bafika eMadagascar ngo-2006 futhi bahle bafikela phezu kwayo inkonzo. UNadia uthi: “Siyakukholisa kakhulu ukutshumayela endaweni le.”
Sekwedlule iminyaka eyisithupha uThierry lomkakhe bahlangana lobunye ubunzima. Umama kaNadia okuthiwa nguMarie-Madeleine owayeseFrance wawa wephuka ingalo walimala lekhanda. Ngakho umfowethu lo lomkakhe baxoxa lonina bemtshela ukuthi kungaba njani azohlala labo eMadagascar njalo bakhuluma lodokotela wakhe ngendaba le. Lanxa unina wayeleminyaka engu-80 ngalesosikhathi wavuma ukuyakhona futhi kuyamthokozisa ukuba seduze labantwabakhe. Uthi: “Lanxa kunzima ukujayela futhi ngingasenelisi ukwenza okunengi, kuyangithokozisa ukusebenza ndawonye labazalwane ebandleni. Okunye okungenza ngithokoze yikuthi ukuba lapha kwenza abantwabami benelise ukuqhubeka ngenkonzo yabo.”
“NGASIBONA ISANDLA SIKAJEHOVA”
Umfowethu okuthiwa nguRiana uleminyaka edlula 20 futhi wakhulela esabelweni se-Alaotra Mangoro empumalanga yeMadagascar. URiana wayephumelela ezifundweni zakhe esikolo njalo wayefisa ukuqhubekela phambili ngemfundo. Kodwa ukufunda iBhayibhili kwamenza wantshintsha ingqondo. Wazimisela ukungaqhubekeli phambili ngemfundo njalo wathembisa uNkulunkulu ukuthi nxa angaqeda imfundo yakhe yesekhondari uzaqalisa ukuphayona. Ngemva kokuba esepasile uRiana wasigcwalisa isithembiso sakhe. Wahamba wayahlala lomunye umzalwane owayeliphayona njalo wathola umsebenzi owawumvumela ukuthi asebenze amalanga athile. Lokhu kwamnceda ukuthi agcwalise isifiso sakhe sokuphayona. Kazisoli lakancane ngesinqumo asenzayo.
Kodwa izihlobo zakhe kazizange zivumelane lesinqumo lesi. Uthi: “Ubaba lobaba omncane logogo omncane bangikhuthaza ukuthi ngiqhubeke ngemfundo. Mina ngangingafuni ukutshiya ukuphayona.” Kungakayi ngaphi uRiana waba lesifiso sokuncedisa lapho okulabamemezeli abalutshwana khona. Kuyini okwamenza waba lesifiso lesi? Uthi: “Amasela agqekeza lapho esasihlala khona antshontsha impahla zami ezinengi. Lokhu kwangenza ngacabangisisa ngamazwi kaJesu athi sibuthelele ‘inotho ezulwini.’ Ngakho ngazimisela ukusebenza nzima ukuze ngibuthelele inotho kuNkulunkulu.” (Mat. 6:19, 20) URiana wathuthela endaweni eseningizimu yeMadacascar ehlala abantu abathiwa ngama-Antandroy. Indawo le ingamakhilomitha angu-1 300 ukusuka lapho ayehlala khona. Kodwa kuyini okwamenza waya endaweni le?
URiana ubika ukuthi bengakagqekezelwa wayesefunda iBhayibhili lamadoda amabili angama-Antandroy. Waqalisa ukufunda ulimi lwabantu laba njalo wabona kungcono ukuthi ayetshumayeza abantu abanengi bomhlobo lo abangakaze bezwe izindaba ezinhle. Uthi: “Ngathandaza kuJehova ngicela ukuthi angisize ngenelise ukuthuthela esabelweni sabantu abakhuluma isiTandroy.”
Lakanye uRiana waya kuleyondawo kodwa wafika wahlangana lobunzima bokuswela umsebenzi. Enye indoda yambuza yathi: “Ulandeni lapha? Phela abantu bayasuka lapha besiyadinga imisebenzi emhlubulweni wakini le!” Ngemva kwamaviki amabili uRiana waya emhlanganweni futhi wayengakwazi lokuthi abambe ngaphi ngoba wayengelamali. Ngelanga lokucina lomhlangano omunye umzalwane wafika wafaka into ethile esikhwameni sejazi likaRiana. Wathi evula wathola kuyimali, enye yakhona wagada ngayo futhi enye wafika waqalisa ngayo ibhizimusi yokuthengisa amayogathi. URiana uthi: “Ngasibona sibili isandla sikaJehova. Ngasengilethuba lokuncedisa abantu abangamaziyo uJehova.” Umsebenzi wawumnengi kakhulu ebandleni leli. Ngokwesibonelo uRianawayesiba lenkulumo kazulu maviki wonke. Uthi: “UJehova wayengiqeqetsha esebenzisa inhlanganiso yakhe.” URiana ulokhu etshumayela izindaba ezinhle zoMbuso ebantwini abakhuluma isiTandroy abafuna ukufunda ngoJehova.
UNKULUNKULU UZAKUBUSISA
IBhayibhili lithi: “Lowo okhulekela isibusiso elizweni uzakwenza lokhu ngoNkulunkulu weqiniso.” (Isaya. 65:16) UJehova uzasibusisa nxa singazimisela ukunqoba loba yibuphi ubunzima ukuze senze okunengi enkonzweni. Ngokwesibonelo udadewethu uSylviana esike sakhuluma ngaye ekuqaliseni wayesesaba ukuyancedisa lapho okulesidingo khona. Kuyini okwakumenza esabe? Uthi: “Unyawo lwami lwenxele lufitshane kulolunye. Yikho ngiyaqhula nxa ngihamba njalo lokhu kwenza ngidinwe masinyane.”
Ngo-2014 uSylviana lomunye udade oliphayona okuthiwa nguSylvie Ann basuka ebandleni ababekulo bayancedisa emaphandleni. Indawo leyo ingamakhilomitha angu-85 nxa usuka ngakibo. Kungelani lobunzima alabo uSylviana ukwenzile lokho ayekufisa njalo zinengi izibusiso azitholileyo. Uthi: “Ngemva komnyaka ngilapha omunye untombazane okuthiwa nguDoratine engangifunda laye iBhayibhili wabhabhathizwa emhlanganweni wesiqinti.”
“NGIZAKUSIZA”
Okwenzakala kubafowethu labodadewethu esixoxe ngabo kutshengisa ukuthi uJehova uzasibusisa nxa singazimisela ukunqoba loba yibuphi ubunzima ukuze senze okunengi enkonzweni. Nanku asithembisa khona: “Ngizakuqinisa, ngikusize.” (Isaya. 41:10) Lokhu kwenza ubuhlobo bethu loJehova buqine. Ukuzinikela ukuze sincedise lapho okulesidingo khona kwenza sikulungele ukwenza imisebenzi etshiyeneyo ezabe isenziwa emhlabeni omutsha esiwulindeleyo. UDidier esike sakhuluma ngaye uthi: “Ukuyancedisa lapho okudingakala khona abamemezeli kwenza sifunde izinto ezitshiyeneyo ezizasinceda ngesikhathi esizayo.” Sengathi kungaba labanye abanengi abazimisela ukuqeqetshwa ngalindlela.
^ indima 4 Abafowethu labodadewethu laba bavela eCanada, eCzech Republic, eFrance, eGermany, eGuadeloupe, eLuxembourg, eNew Caledonia, eSweden, eSwitzerland, e-United Kingdom lase-United States.
^ indima 8 Khathesi isikolo lesi sesibizwa ngokuthi yiSikolo Sabavangeli BoMbuso. Amaphayona esikhathi sonke ancedisa kwamanye amazwe angabhalisa ukungena isikolo lesi emazweni adabuka kuwo loba kwelinye ilizwe lapho esenziwa khona ngezindimi zawo.


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IMISEBENZI YOKWENZA IMISEBENZI YANGAPHAKATHI
IDizayini ENGABANGEKI KU-ONLINE
I-Elements Interiors iyathokoza ukunikela ngezinsizakalo zokwakhiwa kwangaphakathi kwe-inthanethi kanye nokwakhiwa kwamagumbi emhlabeni wonke. Siyakwazi ukunikeza enye indlela elula, engabizi kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwethu kwangaphakathi kwezinsizakalo ezigcwele. Lokhu kufanelekile kumakhasimende afuna ukuqondiswa kokuklama nobungcweti bomklami, kepha ungakhathazeki ngokwenza umlenze omncane wokulungiselela, ukuphatha nokusebenzisa iphrojekthi uqobo. Sizinikezele ekusizeni ukudala isikhala esibonisa isitayela sakho nesidingo sakho. Sicela ukhethe uhlobo lwensizakalo ebonakalayo ekulingana kahle kakhulu.
I-E-Design
Uhlelo lwenkosi lokwakha isikhala esakhiwe ngobungcweti noma ikhaya lonke ongalisebenzisa ngejubane lakho kungakhathalekile indawo okuyo kanye / noma isabelomali.
Isiteji Esibonakalayo
Kufakazelwe ukuwina nokuthengisa izakhiwo ngama-72% ngokushesha nangentengo ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ezingekho esigabeni. Ilungele abathengisi bendawo abafuna ukwandisa ukuthengisa.
Ukubonisana Ngefoni
Ingxoxo yeseluleko sokuhlobisa ingaphakathi lehora eli-1 nomklami onguchwepheshe, lapho ubuza khona noma yimiphi imibuzo ehlobene nokuhlobisa ongahle ube nayo.


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Ikhaya kude nekhaya.
Umbungazi ovelele
Ikamelo e-indlwana ibungazwe ngu-Ellie
- Izivakashi ezingu- 2
- ikamelo lokulala 1
- umbhede ongu-1
- Igumbi lokugeza langasese eliyi-1
Indawo ebekelwe ukusebenza
Indawo ehlanganyelwayo ene-wifi efanelekela ukusebenza.
Ukuzingenela
Zingenise ngekhiphedi.
Ukukhansela kwamahhala ngaphambi komhla ka-Eph 4.
Konke ukubhukha kuhlanganisa isivikelo samahhala sokukhansela koMbungazi, ukunganembi kwemininingwane yendlu, nezinye izinkinga ezinjengobunzima bokungena.
Eminye imininingwane ihunyushwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Lapho uzolala khona
Igumbi
Umbhede omkhulu ongu-1
Lokho ozokuthola kule ndawo
Ikhishi
I-Wifi
Indawo ebekelwe ukusebenza
Ukupaka mahhala ngaphakathi endaweni
I-TV ene- Isevisi evamile ye-cable kamabonakude
Umshini womoya oqandisayo
I-Patio noma i-balcony
Igceke elingemuva
I-fireplace esendlini
Ukwehliswa kwemithwalo kuvunyelwe
4.96 out of 5 stars from 193 reviews
Inhlanzeko
Ukunemba
Ezokuxhumana
Indawo
Ngena
Inani
Lapho uzobe ukhona
Hendersonville, North Carolina, i-United States
- Ukubukeza okungu-194
- Ubuwena buqinisekisiwe
- Umbungazi ovelele
Ngidabuka e-San Juan, P.R., nokho, ngineminyaka engu-30 ngisezifundazweni. Nginezingane ezingu-2 ezikhulile kanye nenja yami eyigugu uJethro. Ngiyayijabulela imvelo, imidlalo yasemanzini, nokugibela ngemuva kwe-Harley. Ngiyawathanda amakhonsathi, ibhola le-Panthers, i-telenovelas yase-Spain & umculo, futhi imuvi yami engiyithandayo yi-Happy Feet. Angiphuzi noma ngenze izidakamizwa. Futhi ngikholelwa ekuphatheni abanye njengoba ngithanda ukuphathwa. Ehlotshiswe Ezintabeni zaseNyakatho Carolina, mina noJethro siyakujabulela ukwabelana ngokunethezeka indlwana yethu encane enikeza ukuhlobisa okulula nokubukeka okuhlaba umxhwele kwe-Pinnacle Mountain. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi useholidini noma ebhizinisini umgomo wethu ukuhlakulela lelo khaya kude nesimo sasekhaya esikhuthaza ukuthula nokuzola.
Ngidabuka e-San Juan, P.R., nokho, ngineminyaka engu-30 ngisezifundazweni. Nginezingane ezingu-2 ezikhulile kanye nenja yami eyigugu uJethro. Ngiyayijabulela imvelo, imidlalo yase…
Phakathi nokuhlala kwakho
I-Tambien yi-Espanol. Izilimi ezimbili ngokugcwele ngeSpanishi nesiNgisi.
UEllie Ungumbungazi ovelele
Ababungazi Abahamba Phambili banesipiliyoni, ababungazi bezinga eliphezulu abazinikele ekuphatheni izivakashi ngendlela ekhethekile.
- Izilimi: English, Español
- Izinga lokuphendula: 100%
- Isikhathi sokuphendula: kungakapheli ihora
Ukuze uvikele ukukhokha kwakho, ungalokothi uthumele imali noma uxhumane nabantu ngaphandle kwewebhusayithi ye-Airbnb noma i-app.
Izinto okufanele uzazi
Imithetho yendlu
Ngena: Kushintshashintsha nezimo
Isikhathi sokuphuma: 11:00
Ukuzingenela nge ikhiphedi
Akubhenywa
Izilwane ezifuywayo azivunyelwe
Ayikho imicimbi noma izenzakalo
Ezempilo & ukuphepha
Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-COVID-19 ze-Airbnb ziyasebenza
Isiqwashisi se-carbon monoxide
Isiqwashisi sentuthu


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Ungaqasha kuphi imishini yokudoba eGalveston, eTexas? IGalveston iyidolobha eliyisiqhingi,…
Texas
Ungathenga kuphi izingubo ze-cowboy eTexas? Isifunda esidumile saseTexas siyaziwa…
Edolobheni laseLas Vegas awukwazi ukujabulela kuphela…
Ungawabonaphi ama-cowboy rodeos eTexas? I-cowboy rodeo i...
Ungawatholaphi amachibi omphakathi e-Houston? Uma uke waya e-Houston, kufanele…
I-Fremont Street Experience ingumgwaqo wesibili odume kakhulu e-…
Ungangena kanjani emihubheni yaseHouston? Uma uvakashele…
Ungavakashela kanjani iKing Ranch eTexas? I-King Ranch ingenye ye…
Kuwuchungechunge lokudla okusheshayo oluvulwe abangani...
Indlela yokugibela ihhashi e-Houston? IHouston Texas inokuhamba phambili…
Ngokufunda umlando wale ndawo yesifunda saseNevada, ukuze...
Ungaqasha kanjani isikebhe eGalveston, eTexas? IGalveston yincane, kodwa...


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Ingxoxo ebukhoma i-OmeTV enye indlela ofuna ukuxoxa ngayo nekholi yevidiyo nabantu ongabazi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba!
Ungazigcina ungaziwa ngokubuka okuqukethwe kepha udinga ukubhalisela ukudala okuqukethwe kwakho
U LIVE Chat interface engenamthungo ikunikeza ithuba lesikhathi njengenye indlela esheshayo yamasayithi afana ne-ometv.
U-LIVE Chat akuyona ipulatifomu yokuxoxa ngevidiyo ejwayelekile! Kuza nezitika eziningi ezihlekisayo zokwenza izingxoxo zakho zibe mnandi futhi zithokozise. Manje usungaxhumana nabantu ongabazi futhi wenze ukuxhumana okusheshayo nabo usebenzisa lezi zinamathelisi ezipholile nezimnandi. Lezi zilungele ukunonga izingxoxo zakho nanoma ngubani!
Ingxoxo ebukhoma ikunika ukufinyelela kubasebenzisi abaningi! Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke kube khona ukungabikho kwabantu ozoxoxa nabo futhi uxhumane nabo. Kuleplatifomu eyingqayizivele, ungathola abafana namantombazane amaningi ngendlela ofuna ukuba abangane ngayo. Kuyindlela ephelele yokuhlangana futhi uhlanganyele nabantu ongabazi abapholile njengawe!
Uma ukujabulele ukuxoxa namantombazane we-ome tv ngaphambili, i- U LIVE Chat izokuxhumanisa nezinye ezinhle kakhulu. Lawa mantombazane ashiye i-ome tv ukuze ajoyine i- U LIVE Chat ngentengo engcono. Ngakho-ke, uzothola inqwaba yamantombazane e-ome tv ukuze uhlanganyele futhi ujabule nawo. Thola amathalenta amahle kakhulu wokunakekela zonke izifiso zakho!
Vele uxoxe nabasebenzisi bese uthola imali.


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Uthenge iselula entsha futhi ufuna ibhethri layo lihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka njengentsha, akunjalo? Ikona…
Siphakathi nemidlalo eyandulela isizini kanti imidlalo ethokozisayo iyeza kuLa Liga. Amaqembu aqiniswa ngabadlali abasha abasayinisiwe, amahlebezi...
Ezikhathini eziningi ucingo lwethu luyakhala futhi ngeshwa ezimweni eziningi kuba ugaxekile ocingweni….
Uma sizithola sisesimweni sokufuna umsebenzi, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi sijoyine umhlaba womsebenzi noma...
Namuhla sinekhathalogi ebanzi yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokukwazi ukubuka amamuvi noma uchungechunge ekusakazeni, zigqama ngenxa yazo…
Imidlalo ye-MOBA ibilokhu iyimpumelelo engenakuphikiswa phakathi kwabasebenzisi abadlala besebenzisa amafoni. Abanye bathanda Clash...
I-Google ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu zezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe emhlabeni. Inhlangano yaseMountain View ayizange...
I-Google ingenye yezinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni. Inkampani yaseCalifornian ihlale ...
Imiklomelo ye-Google Play iyithuba lokuthi abasebenzisi baveze imibono yabo futhi bazizwe bebalulekile. Ikakhulukazi e...
Siyabuya, iviki elilodwa ngaphezulu, nemidlalo yamahhala evame ukukhokhelwa i-Google Play enikeza abasebenzisi bayo ...
Amagciwane angaba khona cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza, afihliwe ngendlela yokuthi ngisho nezinhlelo ze-antivirus ...


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Imikhiqizo ye-QualiCell cellulose ether HPMC/MHEC ingathuthuka ngalezi zakhiwo ezilandelayo Kumshini Wokuhlanza uketshezi:
·Ukudlulisa ukukhanya okuphezulu
·Ukuncibilika okubambezelekile kokulawula i-viscosity
·Ukuhlakazwa kwamanzi abandayo asheshayo
·I-emulsification enhle
·Umphumela wokujiya obalulekile
·Ukuvikeleka nokuzinza
I-Cellulose ether Yokuhlanza Uketshezi
Okokuhlanza okuwuketshezi kuwuhlobo lwesihlanzi esinezelwa ukuhlanza ilondolo.Ngokusetshenziswa okuvamile, okokuhlanza kubhekisela ezixubeni zamakhemikhali ahlanganisa i-alkylbenzenesulfonates, afana nensipho kodwa athintwa kancane amanzi aqinile.Iwashi yokuwasha iwuhlobo lwe-agent yokuhlanza okokuhlanza esetshenziselwa ukuhlanza izingubo ezingcolile zokuwasha.Isihlanzi sokuwasha sakhiwe ngempushana yokuwasha kanye nesimo esiwuketshezi.Ezimweni eziningi zasendlini, igama elithi okokuhlanza izingubo lisho okokugeza izingubo ngokumelene nensipho yesandla noma ezinye izinhlobo zezinto zokuhlanza.Izihlanzi eziningi zilethwa ngendlela eyimpuphu.
Ungakwazi yini ukufaka okokugeza ngqo kumshini wokuwasha?
Ukwengeza Okokuhlanza Emshinini Wokuwasha Osebenza Kakhulu.Ungaphinda usebenzise amaphakethe okokusula anethamo elilodwa kuwasha we-HE.Ngokungafani noketshezi noma izimpushana, lezi kufanele zibekwe ngqo esigubhu sewasha.Futhi kufanele wenze kanjalo ngaphambi kokwengeza izingubo zakho;ukwengeza iphakethe ngemuva kwezingubo kungavimbela ukuthi lingaqedwa ngokuphelele.
Udinga okokuhlanza okuwuketshezi ngempela?
Njengomthetho ojwayelekile wesithupha, kufanele usebenzise kuphela isipuni somuthi wokuwasha izingubo ngosayizi ojwayelekile womthwalo.(Inkomishi yokulinganisa eza nesihlanzi sakho esiwuketshezi sokuwasha icishe ibe yinkulu ngokuphindwe ka-10 kunesamba sangempela sensipho yokuwasha edingekayo.) Ungalokothi uthele okokugeza okuwuketshezi emshinini wakho ngaphandle kokukala kuqala.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-detergent ye-liquid laundry?
Izihlanzi eziwuketshezi zilungele ukudla, amabala amafutha noma amafutha, futhi zilungele ikakhulukazi ukwelapha amabala.Ungasebenzisa kalula i-cap ukukala umthamo.Uma usuqedile, mane ungeze izingubo, bese uthela okokuhlanza ku-dispenser, qala iwasha.


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Wazalwa ngo-1963 wakhulela KwaMashu, uBheki Mkhwane uzakhele udomo ngeshashalazi njengomqondisi, uphrojusa, umbhali wemidlalo yezokulingisa nomlingisi. UMkhwane wabanothando lokulingisa esemncane. Ngekhono elingandile alinikwe uNkulunkulu ngebhola likanobhutshuzwayo, abaningi babecabanga ukuthi uzophelela enkundleni njengomdlali webhola elikhokhelwayo, kepha isiphetho sakhe kwakuwukujabulisa abantu.
Ngesikhathi esebenza njengonogada futhi kamuva njengomabhalane othunyelwe, uBheki wasebenza ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula kwi-Durban Community Arts Project. Ngo-1986 wajoyina i-Loft Theatre Company lapho asebenza khona iminyaka emine nakwimikhiqizo engu-16, okubalwa kuyo i-Izigi Ziyasondela; Kwamanzi; Anthony and Cleopatra; Superbike; Richard 111, Mujaji kanye ne- Master Harold and the Boys, lapho awina khona i-Vita Award as Best Supporting Actor ngokudlala indima ka-Willie ngonyaka ka-1989.
UBheki wayengumsunguli futhi eyilungale-Theatre for Africa waphefoma ngo- 1990 emdlalweni i-Horn of Sorrow and Eagle, wahambela ezindaweni ezimbili i- United Kingdom, wawina i-Scotsman First Awards e-Edinburgh Festival. Wavela kufilimu i-The Angel, The Bicycle and the Chinaman’s Finger eyayiqondiswa u Katinka Heyns, futhi ulingise emidlalweni eminingu kumabinakude engumlingisi oqavile, kubalwa iKhululeka kanye ne-Motsamai. Uke wavela naku- Strike it Lucky kanye ne Zama-Zama.
UBheki uyinkunqa yemidlalo yaseshashalazini nqobo lwakhe, ehambisa izethameli eziya ehlathini lase-Afrika ngokunyakaza nemisindo yakhe emangalisayo, edalwe engenalutho ngaphandle kwezinti ezimbalwa nebhakede noma ezimbili! Njengomlingisi wasebenza ndawonye no-Ellis Pearson iminyaka engu-15 babenothando lweshashalazi bobabili. Ungumculi ovelele okwazi ukulingisa, ukucula nokudansa. Ebusheni bakhe wasungula amaqembu emidlalo yaseshashalazini , ngesikhathi ehlangana no-Ellis, wayesengumdlali onekhono, onothando futhi onamandla. Inhlanganisela kaBheki yokuba nguMzulu kanye neyasedolobheni iTheku kumenza athandeke kubo bonke abahlangana naye.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka ithalente likaBheki selikhulile futhi manje akasebenzi nje njengomlingisi kuphela, kodwa futhi usebenza njengomqondisi, umsunguli, noNtuthuko Khuzwayo nabanye, benkampani ezinze KwaZuluNatali, i-Just In Time, i-theatre trust uzibophezele ekuthuthukiseni nasekumeleni itiyetha yomdabu. I-Just in Time ihlose ukuqeqesha abasebenza emidlalweni yeshashalazi, bakhiqize imidlalo yaseshashalazini entsha yaseNingizimu Afrika, baqoqe izimali zokuthuthukisa nokwenza imidlalo, nokwenza uhlelo lokuvakasha lomsebenzi womdabu. Umbono wetrasti wukudala futhi kwenziwe izigaba zokukhiqizwa kwezilimi zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika ezahlukahlukene nokukhuthaza ukubhala okusha nokusha kanye nokuhumusha imibhalo esezingeni eseyikhona ezilimini zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika. Inhloso ukuhlinzeka ngendawo esimeme ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi omusha futhi uhlelwe.
Akusikhona kodwa ukuphefoma kukabBheki okujabulisayo kuphela, kodwa nomsebenzi wakhe unenjongo futhi uhambelana nezindawo. UBheki usungule futhi waqondise i-Sitting Around the Fire , umdlalo oveza izigcawu eziningi ezibucayi eziphatha kabuhlungu futhi ezisikhumbuza ngodlame oluhlasele iNingizimu Afrika endleleni yayo eya entandweni yeningi, ingasaphathwa eyoke ibe khona umkhuba wama-vendettas weqembu nokujezisa I-Sitting Around the Fire iwine indondo ye-Standard Bank Ovation Award e-Grahamstown Festival ngo-2010.
UBheki ubuye wathola nethuba lokuqeqesha indodana yakhe, uMenzi Mkhwane, kanti bobabili bacule ndawonye ku “ Belly of the Beast ”. UMenzi usengumlingisi osezingeni eliphezulu futhi ngokubambisana noSabelo Ndlovu basungula inkampani yaseshashalazini yaseThekwini, i Nu Breed. I-Nu Breed ikhiqize umsebenzi waseshashalazini onempumelelo ezweni lonke.
Ngesikhathi uBheki Mkhwane ehamba neKwaZulu-Natal Philharmonic Orchestra (KZNPO), i-soloists uLinda Bukhosini, uBongani Tembe, uSally Silver kanye nezinhlangano zamakhwaya ze-Durban Serenade kanye ne-Imilonji KaNtu ezinze eSoweto ukujabulisa izethameli zase-Barbican e-United Kingdom. UBheki usebenze nenkampani yezokuvakasha enamandla evela eNingizimu Afrika ngokuhlanganyela ne-London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) yaseBrithani e-Barbican.
Waqokwa njengomxhumanisi weshashalazi e-BAT Centre, okuwukuhlonishwa kwethalente lakhe nomusa ekusizeni abalingisi abasebasha ukuba bathuthukise amakhono abo emidlalo yeshashalazi. Wathi:
“Ukuba ngusaziwayo akuyona into umuntu okufanele ayilangazelele, ngesikhathi ungusaziwayo, uma unokuzikhukhumeza ikhono lokulingisa liyaphela Ngiyisisebenzi, ubuciko bokulingisa ngabunikwa oNkulunkulu base-Afrika futhi kungumsebenzi wami ukufundisa labo abeza ngemuva kwami. Impilo ibhande lomtshelekwane zonke isizukulwane kumele sifunde futhi sidluliseumsebenzi omuhle hhayi ukusebenzela emuva. ”
As seen on TV…
Waziwa kakhulu kubabukeli bethelevishini ngendima yakhe yokulingisa njengoSamson, inhloko yesizwe sakwaNdlovu esihambisana nomfowabo onekhanda elishisayo, uMandla (odlalwa nguBongani Gumede), kuMzansi Magic telenovela-turned-soap-opera, Isibaya. UBheki waqokwa ohlwini lwe-Outstanding Male Villain (Royalty Soapie Awards 2013).
Kwaphela iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-28 uBheki enqaba izindima kuthelevishini njengoba ebona ukuthi le mibukiso yayingeyona inkomba yezimpilo zabantu baseNingizimu Afrika. UBheki uthi ubengeke azihlanganise nezindaba ebezikhulunywa kuthelevishini. Kube kuphela lapho u-Angus Gibson (umqondisi we Isibaya ) eza kuye ukuze abe ngomunye wabahola ohlelweni lapho athatha isinqumo sokugcina anikezele khona njengoba udaba lwendaba lwaluyinkomba yangempela zomphakathi wethu. Uyanezela ukuthi lesi yisona sizathu esifanayo anqume ukulingisa ku Uzalo. Ku-Uzalo, ababukeli babona uhlangothi olwehlukile lukaBheki njengoba wayevezwa njengomfundisi ozama ukuqala isonto elinomusa endaweni yangakubo.


text:
Wikipedia
Wikipedia (Lalela /ˌwɪkɨpiːdiə/ nobe Listeni /ˌwɪkipiːdiə/ Wik-i-pee-dee-ə)ifinyeleleka mahala, kutholakala mahala ku-encyclopedia ekwi-inthanethi, isekelwa futhi isingathwa yi-Wikimedia Foundation. Cishe wonke umuntu okwazi ukufinyelela isayithi angahlela pheze yiziphi izihloko zayo. I-Wikipedia yiyona webhusayiti yesithupha ethandwa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu jikelele ngomsebenzi we-inthanethi BakaJehova. Njengoba ngo 2014, yayina-18 yamabhiliyoni wamaphepha abukwayo, futhi abukwa yizivakashi cishe eyizigidi ezingu-500 ngenyanga ngayinye.
UJimmy Wales noLarry Singer bomkhankaso-we-Wikipedia n ngomhlaka-15 kuJanuwari 15, 2001 u- babiza igama lakhe, ukuthi yi-Singer called his name, CAPS of Wiki (isuselwa egameni lesiHawayi elisho "Shesha" ne-ensayiklopidiya. Noma-ke ulwazi olungaphakathi kwe-wikipediya kwasekuqaleni lidabuka esiNgisini, yasheshe yabhalwa ngezilimi eziningi,lokhu kwenziwa ngokuthi kuhlonywe uhlelo lokuhumusha ngezilimi ezahlukahlukene. Yonke imihlobo ye-Wikipidiya iyafana, kodwa umehluko obalulekile okwindikimba nakwindlela yoku-editha. Manje i-Wikipidiya yesiNgisi idinga ama-Wikipidiya angaphezu kwama-200, noma-kunjalo ibonakala iyinkulu kakhulu kunezinye, kanti ngama-athikili ayizigidi ezi-4.5a uye wazakhela idumela njengoba umthombo wezindaba ngenxa yokubuyekezwa kwayo okusheshayo kwezihloko ezihlobene nezindaba ezikhishwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukungena ku-Wikipidiya eziphakeme kuqhathaniswa ensayiklopidiya odlule kanye ukufakwa walo kokuqukethwe okuningi unacademic baye bathola ebanzi abezindaba ukunakwa.
Kufakaza obala Wikipidiya eziphakeme futhi kuye kwaholela abanye ukukhathazeka, njenge izinga lokubhala yayo, phansi kanye nokunemba imininingwane yayo. Nokho, nakuba ezinye izihloko zinemiBhalo engaqinisekisiwe noma ulwazi ayihlangani, a 2005 inhlolovo of Wikipedia eyanyatheliswa ngo Nature ngokusekelwe ngokuqhathanisa 42 wesayensi athikili nge Encyclopædia Britannica wathola ukuthi ezingeni Wikipedia sika zokunemba kwakusondela Encyclopædia Britannica kanye bobabili amazinga ezifanayo eliphansi 'amaphutha amabi ". Njengoba ka 2014, iwikipidiya yesiNgisi iqukethe cishe abayizigidi ezinhlanu izihloko, abangaphezu koyedwa kayikhulu Britannica sika 40,000. izinqubomgomo zeWikipidiya zihlanganisa ukuqinisekisa kanye nomzimba elikhulayo amazinga kubandakanya for izinga siqinisekiso.
Imvelo[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
"Njengoba ihlaya athandwa uya, 'Inkinga ngeWikipidiya ukuthi nje usebenza ukuzijwayeza. Ngokwethiyori, singaphinde ukusebenza.'"
-Miikka Ryökäs
Kulungisa[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Umehluko emakhasini wencwajana enesihloko ezivezwe njengoba kuboniswe.
Ngokungafani kwe-insayiklopidiya yendabuko, Wikipedia kungenziwa eyahlelwa yimuphi umfundi. Ngaphandle kwamakhasi ikakhulukazi ezizwelayo kanye / nobe phansi yizikhukhula ukuthi abizwa "evikelwe" ngezinga elithile, Wikipedia izivakashi bangahlela izihloko ngisho noma abanalo akhawunti Wikipedia. Ezithile Omagazini abalandelayo lulwimi zinikeza indlela eguquliwe yale nqubomgomo; Ngokwesibonelo, abasebenzisi ezibhalisiwe nje angase adale isihloko esisha ku neyesiNgisi. Isihloko njalo acekelwa phansi kungaba Semi-ezivikelwe, okusho ukuthi nje esungulwe, abasebenzisi iqinisekiswe bayakwazi ukwenza ukuhlela kuleso sihloko. A ikakhulukazi Isihloko ingxabano zingase PUK ukuze abaphathi nje ziyakwazi ukwenza izinguquko. sihloko babonwa ephethwe uMdali walo noma ezinye umhleli futhi hhayi vetted ngu yimuphi igunya eqashelwayo. Kunalokho, abahleli abangalala ukuze bavumelane nokuqukethwe kanye nokwakheka ezihlokweni by kuvunyelwana.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i uhlela ukuba isihloko ngokushesha iba etholakalayo. Ngenxa yalokho, bangase izihloko inezinto ezinganembile, biases ehlukile, futhi nombhalo elingenangqondo kodwa eliphimiselekayo shu kuze umhleli ilungisa nokushiyeka okunjalo. Lehlukene edishini, ngamunye ngaphansi ehlukile control tekuphatsa, bakhululekile ukushintsha le nqubomgomo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Wikipedia German ucondza "izinguqulo ezinzile" lwezihloko, okuyinto Sekudlule izibuyekezo ezithile. Kulandela nezilingo eyayizothatha isikhathi eside nengxoxo nomphakathi, iwikipidiya yesiNgisi yethula uhlelo "lwezinguquko ozilindile" ngoZibandlela ka 2012. Ngaphansi kwalesi simiso, umsebenzi omusha ohloliwe abasebenzisi ezintsha awasho izihloko ezithile impikiswano noma ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla yizikhukhula kungaba 'ngokweyame abukeze kusukela Wikipedia esungulwe umhleli ngaphambi ncwadi ".
Esibonakalayo kwemaphutsa of Wikipedia
Ukubuyekezwa izinguquko[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Nakuba izinguquko kungukuthi ehlelekile kubuyekezwe, isofthiwe ukuthi amandla Wikipedia inikeza amathuluzi athile sivumele noma ubani ukuba abukeze izinguquko kwabanye. Ilhasi elinalokhu "Umlando" wesihloko ngasinye ulandisa izibuyekezo. [Amanothi 1] Abahleli angayiqeda izinguquko, isibonelo ecaleni lapho kokuqukethwe ewusizo lasuswa. Abahleli Ungabuka izinguquko zewebhusayiti yakamuva, iziphi ukhonjiswe ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo reverse. Qhaza avamile ngokuvamile silondoloza 'uhlu' lwezihloko ukuthi ukuwaheha ukuze zikwazi aziswe izinguquko esizayo. Ikhasi elisha kuyinqubo lapho izihloko abasanda wadala kuthiwa ihlolwe ukuze izinkinga ezisobala.
Kulungisa Automated[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Izinhlelo zekhompyutha ziye zisetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza imisebenzi elula futhi engamukelekile, ezifana sokulungisa nasekupeleteni ezivamile kanye nezindaba zezindlela namacebo okuloba, noma ukuqala izihloko ezifana nesifundo somhlaba okufakwe ifomathi evamile kusuka idatha ezibalo. Onesandla kwimpikiswano bakamalalahlengezela ukudala izihloko kanye bot wakhe kwabikwa ukudala kuze izihloko eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi ezikuWikipidiya yesiSwideni ngezinsuku ezithile. Kukhona ezinye bots eyenzelwe axwayise ngokuzenzakalelayo abasebenzisi okwenza ovamile kwemaphutsa amaphutha (ezifana izingcaphuno angenakuqhathaniswa nobe obakaki olungenakuqhathaniswa), futhi avimbele ukudalwa izixhumanisi amawebhusayithi ethile. Bots nazo isicelo lokuvala enforcements okuyinto thola futhi buyisela izinguquko osolisayo abasebenzisi ezintsha, IPS okwabelwana noma IPS ibamba kuya amakhasi ihlushwa sockpuppets njengendlela ukuphinda kungenzeka of umsebenzisi ezivinjelwe kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela amakheli IP. Abanye abasebenzisi kungaba lokubuyisa nanoma iyiphi ukuhlela yokuthi musa abonakale ngumsebenzisi zivinjelwe mbuzo. Esinye bot lichazwa ngokuthi i bot anti-ocekela phansi ukuthi izama ukuthola kanye nokubuyela phansi ngokushesha futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo. futhi Bots ungabika uku-editha ezivela akhawunti ethile noma ikheli IP zokhahlamba njengoba kwakwenziwa ngesikhathi the MH17 jet ukubeka phansi isigameko ngoJulayi 2014. Bots on Wikipedia kufanele yamukeleke ngaphambi kusebenze.
Ngokusho Andrew Lih, ukwanda lamanje Wikipedia izigidi zihloko kwakuyoba nzima ukucabanga ngaphandle kokusebenzisa bots enjalo.
Ukucekela phansi impahla[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Ukucekela phansi impahla on Wikipedia
Yikuphi uku-editha ukuthi eshintsha nokuqukethwe ngendlela ukuxegisa ngamabomu ubuqotho beWikipidiya kubhekwa phansi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezisobala phansi zihlanganisa ukufakwa kwenhlamba kanye amahlaya angahluziwe. Ukucekela phansi impahla kungase futhi kuhlanganise ukukhangisa ulimi, kanye nezinye izinhlobo. Ngezinye izikhathi abahleli babophezela phansi ngokususa ulwazi noma libhaliwe ngumtshini ngokuphelele ikhasi elinikeziwe. Izinhlobo Okungajwayelekile ukuzicekela phansi impahla, ezifana kwalokho ngamabomu yokwaziswa zizinhle kodwa ongathembekile isihloko, kungaba nzima ukubona. Izichwensi kungazenza ukufometha ayibalulekile, shintsha ikhasi elingasho lutho elifana nesihloko ikhasi noma ukwehlukanisa ngemikhakha, lokuxhaphaza ikhodi elicashile lesihloko noma ukusebenzisa izithombe ngendlela ebhidlizayo.
Onezinwele ezimhlophe umnumzana osekhulile isudi kanye nothayi ukhuluma ngesikhathi sokukhuluma.
Intatheli yaseMelika uJohn Seigenthaler (1927-2014), indaba yesigameko (uSeigenthaler)
Ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla kusobala ngokuvamile kulula ukususa izihloko zeWikipidiya; isikhathi yamaMede ukuthola futhi silungise phansi nje imizuzu embalwa. Nokho, abanye phansi kudinga isikhathi eside ukulungisa.
Ngokwesibonelo, kwesinye isehlakalo esiphezulu, umhleli ongaziwa wethula isaziso esingamanga singene bibliyogilafu yezombusazwe UmMelika uJohn Seigenthaler, ngo-2005 Seigenthaler wamangalelwa ukwethulwa njengendlela yokusolwa ngokubulala uJohn F. Kennedy. Lesi sihloko sahlala singalungiswanga izinyanga ezine. USeigenthaler, umqondisi owasungula isihloko of seMelika (USA)namhlanje, kanye umsunguli Freedom Forum First Amendment Center ngaseNyuvesi yaseVanderbilt, ebizwa Wikipedia co-umsunguli Jimmy Wales futhi wabuza ukuthi ayenakho yini indlela yokwazi ukuthi obani nesandla the ukwaziswa okungelona iqiniso. UWales waphendula ngokuthi ayizange, nakuba isephulamthetho sagcina ngokuhlehlela emuva. Emva kwesigameko, uSeigenthaler echazwe yiWikipidiya ngokuthi "inamaphutha futhi imithwalo ithuluzi lokucwaninga". Lesi senzakalo zaholela izinguquko zenqubomgomo yeWikipidiya, ngokuqondile kubhekiswe ukuqiniswa kokuqinisekiswa kwezihloko umlandvomufi abantu abaphila.
Imithetho kanye nemithetho elawula nokuqukethwe kanye nomhleli nokuziphatha [hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Okuqukethwe yiWikipidiya kuncike kwimithetho (ikakhulukazi, imithetho yobunikazi) yase United States kanye of the US isimo Virginia, lapho iningi Lamaseva WEWikipidiya lisuke likuphi. Ngaphezu kwezindaba zomthetho, izimiso sesihloko seWikipidiya kuthiwa esisekelwe 'wezinsika emihlanu ", kanye nezinqubomgomo eziningi neziqondiso enzelwe ukuba balolonge okuqukethwe ngokufanele. Ngisho le mithetho igcinwa ifomu wiki, futhi Wikipidiya abahleli njengendlela bhala emphakathini abuyekeze izinqubomgomo webhusayiti kanye nemihlahlandlela. Abahleli kungabaqhuba la imithetho ngokususa noma ukulungisa imithetho engasebenziyo. Ekuqaleni, nemithetho on ezinhlelweni okungezona zesiNgisi seWikipidiya zazisekelwe inguquko yemithetho yeWikipidiya yesiNgisi. Iye yehluke ngezinga elingakanani.
Ikhasi elikhulu leWikipidiya yesiNgisi mhla zinga 20 kuMfumfu ka 2010, IKhasi eliyinhloko leWikipidiya yesiNgisi.
Inguqulo mobile yeWikipidiya yesiNgisi eKhasini elikhulu kwisiphequluli sewebhu Android on a i5800 Samsung
Inguquko yemobile yesiNgisi Ekhasini elikhulu
Izinqubomgomo bokuqukethwe[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Page Main: Wikipedia: Izinqubomgomo zokuqukethwe
Ngokuvumelana nemithetho on the English Wikipedia, ngamunye entry e Wikipedia, ukuba afanelwe ukufakwa, kumele kube ngesihloko okusho encyclopedic futhi akuyona entry isichazamazwi noma isichazamazwi-like. A sihloko kufanele futhi bahlangabezane nezindinganiso Wikipedia sika of "notability", ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi kumelwe ukuba wathola Ukusabalala okuphawulekayo imithombo secondary efana media ezivamile- noma zamaphephabhuku ezinkulu yemfundo ezimele ngendaba ka ngesihloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Wikipedia uhlose idlulisele lwati kuphela ukuthi kakade osungulwe futhi wahlonishwa. It akumele ukwethula ulwazi olusha noma ucwaningo original. A bathi kungenzeka ukuba inselele kudinga kukhulunywa emthonjeni onokwethenjelwa. Phakathi Wikipedia abahleli, lokhu ngokuvamile wabekwa ngokuthi "Isiqinisekiso, hhayi ngeqiniso 'ukuveza umqondo wokuthi abafundi, hhayi encyclopedia, yibona ekugcineni abanomthwalo ekubhekeni yiqiniso komunci nokwenza nekuhumusha zabo siqu. Lokhu kungaholela ukususwa ukwaziswa isebenza, ngaleyo ndlela bulimaze ukufakwa kolwazi kanye nokukhula encyclopedia. Ekugcineni, Wikipedia akumele bathathe izinhlangothi. Bonke imibono kanye nemibono, uma ezibangelwa imithombo yangaphandle, kumele bajabulele i share elifanele Ukuhlanganisa kungakapheli isihloko. Lo waziwa ngokuthi indawo hlangothi of umbono (NPOV).
Open ukubambisana[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Bheka futhi: Okuqukethwe okukhiqizwe ngumsebenzisi
Ngo-2003,umfundi wePhD kwezomnotho u-Andrea Ciffolilli wagomela ukuthi izindleko eziphansi zokuthengiselana zineqhaza kwiWikipidiya.Ukwakha kulethe ukuthuthukiswa ngokubambisana, nokuthi izici ezifana nokufinyelela okulula izinguqulo ezidlule of a umusa page "ukwakhiwa zokudala" phezu "imbubhiso zokudala". Encwadini yakhe 2008, Ikusasa Internet nendlela Stop It, Zittrain ugagula yempumelelo Wikipedia sokuba isifundo njalo emisha kangakanani open ukubambisana uye wakhuthaza kuwebhu.
Ku OOPSLA 2009, kuWikimidiya isikhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nomklami ophakeme wesoftiwe uBrion Vibber wanikeza isethulo esithi "Ukusebenza noMphakathi kwenza izinto zibe ngcono: Ukwenza abantu bakho basebenze kahle kuSayithi Yakho" kuwo okuxoxwe nezinselele ukusingatha iminikelo evela emphakathini enkulu futhi wafanisa inqubo yalowo yentuthuko softiwe.
Abasebenzisi beWikipidiya nabaphathi bamaziko Wezikhungo zamagugu emilando basebenzisana ngesihloko esithi Hoxne hoard ngoJuni 2010.
Ngezinye izikhathi abasebenzisi beWikipidiya banika omunye nomunye imisebenzi emihle ukuze bazise imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene yenani elishaya kude, uku-editha izinto ezilula ezihlanganisa ukwesekwa kwezenhlalo, izenzo zokuphatha, kanye izinhlobo zomsebenzi ukuhambisana. Lomkhuba barnstar iye ihlaziye ukunquma lokho kunemithelela kungenzeka for ezinye imiphakathi waziphatha ezinkulu Sangdi.
==Ukuxazululwa==
Uma ushintsho ngokuphindaphindiwe owabangelwa umhleli eyodwa abese ukuhlehliswa ngenye, i "Hlela war" ingase wagomela ukuba sebeqale. Wikipedia has izindlela eziningi izingxabano sokuxazulula. Ukuze athole umphakathi ukuvumelana wonkana, abahleli angamvusa izingqinamba at the Village Pump noma iqale isicelo Comment. Izinkundla akhethekile akhona for centralizing ingxoxo izinqumo ezithile, njengabaphostoli yini noma cha isihloko kufanele asuswe. (qhathanisa Notability in English Wikipedia.)
Arbitration Committee[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Arbitration Committee
IKomiti Arbitration wengamela lokugcina ukuxazululwa indlela. Nakuba izingxabano ngokuvamile bavele kokungezwani imibono emibili ephikisayo kanjani izihloko okufanele ukufunda, iKomidi Arbitration ngokucacile enqaba ngqo abuse ngalo umbono okufanele yokutholwa. Zokuhlaziya imininingwane zisikisela ukuthi ikomidi engayinaki okuqukethwe ezingxabanweni futhi ligxile endleleni izimpikiswano kuqhutshwa kunalokho, esebenza cha kangaka ukuxazulula izingxabano futhi wenze ukuthula phakathi abahleli ezingqubuzanayo, kodwa ukuze Zikhipha abahleli eziyinkinga uma uvumela abahleli engase ikhiqize back e ukubamba iqhaza. Ngakho-ke, ikomidi asisho zilawule okuqukethwe lwezihloko, yize ngezinye izikhathi kube liyakulahla izinguquko kokuqukethwe uma ibona okuqukethwe entsha wephula izinqubomgomo Wikipedia (isibonelo, uma okuqukethwe entsha kubhekwa olubandlululayo). Amakhambi Its zihlanganisa nezixwayiso kanye probations (elisetshenziswa 63% of amacala) kanye nabahleli esivala kusuka ezihlokweni (43%), izindaba subject (23%) noma Wikipedia (16%). Complete nokuvinjelwa kusuka Wikipedia kuthiwa ikakhulu kuphela izimo of ukuzenza ongeyena nokuziphatha anti-social. Lapho ukuziphatha akuyona ukuzenza ongeyena nobe anti-kwezenhlalo, kodwana kunalokho anti-ukuvumelana nobe wephula izinqubomgomo ukuhlela, izixwayiso bavame ukuba ikhishwe.
Community[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Wikipedia emphakathini
Wikimania, kwaba nengqungquthela yonyaka kubasebenzisi of Wikipedia nezinye imiklamo eziqhutshwa yi-Wikimedia Foundation
Ngamunye sihloko kanye umsebenzisi of Wikipedia ngamunye uye i wahlobanisa page "Ngokukhululekile". Lezi zakha oyinhloko zokuxhumana umzila abahleli ukuxoxa luphinde nenkhulumomphikiswano izindaba kokuqukethwe noma inqubomgomo.
Umphakathi Wikipedia sika uye wachazwa ngokuthi inkolo-like, nakuba ngaso sonke anezincazelo ngokuphelele negative. ukuthanda Iphrojekthi sika for cohesiveness, ngisho noma kudinga ukuhlehla ehlanganisa ukunganakwa of kokuqinisekisa, yaziwe njengoba 'anti-elitism ".
===Izibalo zabantu of Wikipedia abahleli===
Wikipedia ayidingi ukuba abahleli balo kanye neqhaza ahlinzeke ukuhlonza. Njengoba Wikipedia ayekhula, "Ngubani uyabhala Wikipedia?" saba omunye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa on kuphrojekthi, ngokuvamile ngokubhekisela eminye imisebenzi Web 2.0 ezifana Digg [ukulandisa okudingekayo]. kanye Jimmy Wales wagomela ngokuthi "kuphela emphakathini ... iqembu elizinikezele ambalwa amavolontiya "kwenza ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi iminikelo eya Wikipedia nokuthi ngalokho hlelo 'njenganoma iyiphi inhlangano wendabuko". Ngo-2008, a Slate umagazini esihlokweni wabika ukuthi: ". Abacwaningi e Palo Alto, 1 amaphesenti of abasebenzisi Wikipedia banesibopho cishe isigamu lezinhlelo isayithi sika" Le ndlela yokuhlaziya iminikelo kamuva phikisa ngu Aaron Swartz, ngubani yaphawula ukuthi izihloko eziningana yena banambitha kwadingeka izingxenye ezinkulu okuqukethwe kwabo (kukalwa inani abalingiswa) nesandla abasebenzisi nge low Hlela esikwenzayo kubalulekile.
Ucwaningo 2010 (olusha ngo 2012) ukuthi kwenziwa ngcono ikhombisa ukukhula Wikipedia futhi empeleni ukulungiswa it. [Ukulandisa ezidingekayo]
Ucwaningo lwenziwa ngo 2012 Wikipedia kwadingeka abasebenzisi abakhuthele cishe 80.000. [hhayi ukulandisa inikezwe] [ukulandisa okudingekayo] Kuze kuya 60% of abasebenzisi Wikipedia ebhalisiwe ungalokothi wenze esinye edit emva kwamahora zabo zokuqala 24. [Lapho?] Izincazelo ezingabanga ukuthi abasebenzisi enjalo ukubhalisela nje injongo olulodwa, noma uyesaba away by nakho kwabo. Ngokusho Eric Goldman, abahleli abahluleka ukuhambisana Wikipedia imicikilisho zamasiko, ezifana inkulumo ukusayina amakhasi, ngokuphelele eyobonisa ukuthi kukhona Wikipedia abangaphandle, okwandisa amathuba okuthi Wikipedia wangaphakathi ngeke libhekise iminikelo yabo njengomuntu usongo. Abe ngaphakathi Wikipedia kuhilela izindleko non-eziwubala: the sandla kulindeleke ukwakha ikhasi yomsebenzisi, ufunde amakhodi zobuchwepheshe Wikipedia-eziqondene, bazithobe i Arcane ukuxazululwa inqubo, futhi sifunde "isiko Okumangaza ocebile nge e-emahlaya ngaphakathi ezibhekisela" . Non-ngemvume-in abasebenzisi kukhona kwezinye izakhamuzi ngomqondo lesibili class on Wikipedia, ngokuthi "abahlanganyeli basuke izitifiketi ngamalungu omphakathi wiki, abanezincwadi nesithakazelo ilungelo lokufuna ekulondolozeni ikhwalithi umkhiqizo msebenzi, ngesisekelo iqhaza kwabo eziqhubekayo ", kanti imilando umnikelo amakheli IP angeke ngempela nanoma yimuphi ngokuqiniseka kufanele zafundiswa noma sola phezu, umsebenzisi esithile.
A 2007 Ukutadisha by abacwaningi ezivela Dartmouth College wathola ukuthi "qhaza engaziwa futhi okuvamile kuya Wikipedia [...] injengoba esinokwethenjelwa umthombo wolwazi njengalabo nomthelela ngubani babhalise esizeni". A 2009 Ukutadisha by umhleli Business Insider nentatheli Henry Blodget wabonisa kutsi in isampula okungahleliwe athikili wokuqukethwe kunawo Wikipedia (kukalwa inani lombhalo nomthelela esindayo kuze edit yakamuva banambitha) is adalwe "kwabangaphandle" (abasebenzisi nge low edit okuzama), kanti kulungisa iningi futhi kwebinza lwenziwa "wangaphakathi" (iqembu khetha of abasebenzisi esungulwe). A 2008 Ukutadisha lwathola ukuthi Wikipedians ayemancane ovumelana, evulekile, futhi kanembeza kunabanye. A 2009 cwaningo wasikisela kwakukhona 'ubufakazi nokumelana ezikhula emphakathini Wikipedia kokuqukethwe entsha ". Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi isizinda sandla kuya Wikipedia "kwaba kancane 13% abesifazane; yobudala isilinganiso esivivaneni kwaba maphakathi nawo-20s". A 2011 Ukutadisha by abacwaningi baseNyuvesi Minnesota lwathola ukuthi abesifazane sakhiwe 16.1% of. abahleli 38,497 owaqala ukuhlela Wikipedia-2009 Ngo isihloko January 2011 New York Times, Noam Cohen waphawula ukuthi 13% nje of nomthelela Wikipedia kukhona female ngokusho vo 2009 Wikimedia Foundation. Sue Gardner, owayekade umqondisi ophethe i Wikimedia Foundation, uthemba ukubona iminikelo zesifazane ukwandisa kuya amaphesenti amabili nanhlanu by 2015 Linda Basch, ongumongameli we-National Council for Research on Women, yaphawula umehluko kulezi Wikipedia umhleli izibalo kanye iphesenti labesifazane njengamanje acedzele degrees impohlo sika, degrees master kanye PhD nezinhlelo e-United States (bonke at amazinga amaphesenti 50 noma xaxa).
Esabela, amanyuvesi ahlukahlukene aye aphatha edit-a-thons ukukhuthaza abesifazane abengeziwe ukuba bahlanganyele emphakathini Wikipedia. In kokuwa 2013, amakolishi 15 no emanyuvesi, kuhlanganise Yale, Brown, no Pennsylvania State, banikela wasekolishi udumo abafundi ukuba 'ukubhala ukucabanga ezilwela amalungelo abesifazane' phakathi Wikipedia mayelana nobuchwepheshe [ukulandisa okudingekayo]. Nokho, bambalwa abesifazane aqhubeka amalungu usasebenza of Wikipedia ngemuva edit-a-thons ayengamele. Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungani, ukusabela ezivamile kwaba ukuthi kwakumelwe 'bematasa ".
Abaphathi[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Abahleli in nokuma okuhle emphakathini ezohamba for omunye amazinga eziningi zokuzithandela buphathi: le iqala "nomqondisi", abasebenzisi anelungelo abangakwazi susa amakhasi, ukuvimbela izihloko ekubeni kwashintsha uma phansi nobe isihloko izingxabano , futhi bazame ukuvimbela abantu abathile evela kwemaphutsa. Naphezu igama, abaphathi kungukuthi okuthiwa ukujabulela yimuphi lungelo elikhethekile ngo ekuthathweni; kunalokho, amandla abo anesizotha kuphela ekwenzeni edits ukuba nemiphumela project-ububanzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthiwa Ayivumeliwe kuya abahleli avamile, nokuqhamuka nemingcele ezihloselwe ukuvimbela abantu abathile evela ekwenzeni edits onakalisayo (efana phansi).
Abahleli abangaphansi baba abaphathi kunokuba eminyakeni esidlule, ngokwengxenye ngenxa inqubo ekunqabeleni engahle Wikipedia abaphathi isibe ezinzima zamandla angaphezu.
Ulimi Amahumusho[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Bheka futhi: List of udinga Ama-Wikipedia
Ukusatshalaliswa izihloko 32,765,226 ngolimi ezahlukene kwizihumusho (njengoba of 14 Agasti 2014)
English (14%)
Swedish (5.5%)
Dutch (5.5%)
German (5.3%)
French (4.7%)
Russian (3.5%)
Italian (3.5%)
Spanish (3.4%)
Vietnamese (3.4%)
Waray-Waray (3.3%)
Okunye (51.2%)
Kukhona Njengamanje 287 olimi kwizihumusho of Wikipedia (obizwa nangokuthi ngolimi izinguqulo, noma bamane udinga Ama-Wikipedia); ala, abayishumi nanye babe izihloko kwesigidi ngalinye (English, isiDashi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane, isiPolish, iSpanishi, Russian, isiSwidi, Vietnamese, no-Waray Waray), ezine ngaphezulu babe izihloko kuka 700,000 (isiCebuano, Chinese, isiJapane, isiPutukezi), 37 ngaphezulu babe izihloko kuka 100,000, kanti 73 ngaphezulu babe izihloko kuka 10,000. The kunawo, i English Wikipedia, has izihloko kuka million 4.5. Njengoba of June 2013, ngokusho Alexa, lo isizinda English (en.wikipedia.org; English Wikipedia) uthola cishe 56% of traffic Wikipedia sika ayesehle, ne uqhekeko ezisele phakathi kwezinye izilimi (iSpanishi: 9%; Japanese: 8%; Russian: 6%; German: 5%; French: 4%; Italian:. 3%) Njengoba of August 2014, izinhlelo zolimi kunayo eziyisithupha yilezi (ngokulandelana of esihlokweni count) the English, isiSwidi, Dutch, isiJalimane , isiFulentshi, futhi udinga Ama-Wikipedia zaseRussia. i nokuhlalisana kokuqukethwe ezindiminingi on Wikipedia ube khona ngenxa Unicode, ogama ukwesekwa yethulwa phakathi Wikipedia ngoJanuwari 2002 by Brion Vibber emva kwase efanayo yena lwenteke izinhlamvu of Esperanto.
Kusukela Wikipedia kusekelwe Web ngakhoke emhlabeni wonke, abanikela a edition olufanayo lulwimi ingasebenzisa zezigodi ezahlukene noma kungenzeka bavela emazweni ehlukene (njengoba kunjalo ngoba edition English). Lezi umehluko kungaholela abanye zingxabano phezu nesipelingi umehluko (isib color Versus color) noma ngamaphuzu umbono.
Nakuba izinhlelo ezahlukene zolimi aphethwe nemigomo efana 'indawo hlangothi of umbono' global, baba washintsha namanye amaphuzu kwenchubomgomo kanye practice, iningi njengaku ekutheni izithombe ezingasekelwe ilayisense ngokukhululekile lingasetshenziswa ngaphansi isimangalo of ukusetshenziswa engenzeleli.
Jimmy Wales uye wachazwa Wikipedia ngokuthi "ukuze adale futhi ukusabalalisa a encyclopedia free of the esezingeni kwenzeke ukuba wonke umuntu ongashadile on planethi ngolimi lwabo siqu". Nakuba ngamunye imisebenzi edition ngolimi ucishe ngokuzimela, ezinye imizamo kwenziwa ukuze aqondise kuzo bonke. Basuke kweLuhlelo ngokwengxenye by Meta-Wiki, Wiki i Wikimedia Foundation enikelwe nokugcina zonke imiklamo yayo (Wikipedia nabanye). Ngokwesibonelo, Meta-Wiki inikeza izibalo ezibalulekile on zonke izibuyekezo ulimi Wikipedia, futhi it ucondza uhlu lwezihloko njalo Wikipedia kumele babe uhlu siphathelene kokuqukethwe eziyisisekelo by subject:. Biography, umlando, amazwe, umphakathi, isiko, isayensi, ezobuchwepheshe, kanye mathematics. Ngokuqondene nazo, akuyona ezingavamile for izihloko ezihlobene kakhulu olimini oluthile hhayi ukuba bangumfuziselo kwenye edition. Ngokwesibonelo, izihloko mayelana emadolobheni amancane e-United States bangase nje khona ngesiNgisi, ngisho nalapho behlangana notability criteria yezinye ngolimi Wikipedia imiklamo.
Ukulinganisa eminikelo amasheya ezivela ezifundazweni ezahlukene kuleli zwe ukuze ezahlukene Wikipedia editions
Izihloko elihunyushwe bamele nje ingxenye encane athikili yaba izinhlelo iningi, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi translation ngokuzenzakalela lwezihloko is Ayivumeliwe. Izihloko atholakalayo ngolimi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa angase anikele "links interwiki", okuyinto link izihloko uzakwabo kwamanye editions.
Isihloko esanyatheliswa ngo yocwaningo PLoS ONE ngo-2012, besebenzisa amaphethini lomzimba imisebenzi isihloko omphakathi, kulinganiselwa isabelo iminikelo kuya kwizihumusho ezahlukene Wikipedia kusukela ezifundeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Ngokwesibonelo, siye libike ukuthi ukulungiswa kusukela North America anqunyelwe pheze 50% in the English Wikipedia futhi lokhu value Sehlile amaphesenti amabili nanhlanu alula English Wikipedia. Lesi sihloko sibuye ihlanganisa ezinye asakazwa ngezilimi ezahlukene. The Wikimedia Foundation uthemba ukwandisa inani abahleli in the Global South kuya amaphesenti amathathu nesikhombisa by 2015.
On 1 March 2014, The Economist esihlokweni esihloko sithi "Ikusasa Wikipedia" labala kuhlaziywa kwezimo ngokuqondene idatha enyatheliswa Wikimedia ngabachazela ukuthi: ". Inani wabahleli the lesiNgisi version uwile ngumuntu wesithathu eminyakeni eyisikhombisa". Izinga attrition for abahleli abakhuthele English Wikipedia kwaba ekhonjiwe by The Economist njengoba kakhulu Ngokungafani izibalo for Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi (non-English Wikipedia). The Economist libike ukuthi isibalo nomthelela nge-avareji ka emihlanu lezinhlelo ngaphezulu ngenyanga kwaba kuqhathaniswa njalo kusukela 2008 for Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi cishe 42,000 abahleli phakathi variances emincane zonyaka ka abahleli phansi noma phezulu mayelana 2,000. Amazinga attrition for abahleli e English Wikipedia, by kuqhathanisa ebukhali, ishiwo njengoba NEKUKHULUMA ngo 2007 at cishe 50,000 abahleli okuyinto usunciphe 30,000 abahleli njengoba of ukuqala 2014 Ngesikhathi ecashunwe mkhuba rate, inani abahleli abakhuthele English Wikipedia ilahlekelwe cishe 20,000 abahleli attrition kusukela 2007, kanti emafayeleni mkhuba rate kubonisa ukulahlekelwa yomunye abahleli 20,000 by 2021, wehlele 10,000 abahleli asebenzayo on English Wikipedia by 2021 Uma kwesokunxele zingancishiswa. Njengoba sazi ukuthi ukuhlaziywa mkhuba leyashicilelwa The Economist presents inani abahleli asebenzayo for Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi (non-English Wikipedia) njengoba osele kuqhathaniswa njalo futhi siphumelele ekusekeleni izinombolo zayo cishe 42,000 abahleli abakhuthele, umehluko uye bakhomba ukuphumelela Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi ukugcina esebenzayo yayo abahleli on nesisekelo nalesebentisa nokuqhubekayo. Akukho ukuphawula senziwa ngokuqondene yikuphi nezindinganiso umahluko edit inqubomgomo kusuka Wikipedia kwezinye izilimi (non-English Wikipedia) wayeyonikeza ohlukile kwenzeke ukuba English Wikipedia for ngempumelelo ameliorating eningi umhleli attrition rates on ulimi lwesiNgisi Wikipedia.
Umlando[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isihloko Main: Umlando Wikipedia
Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger [hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Wikipedia odabuka zavela kwenye encyclopedia project, Nupedia.
Wikipedia waqala njengendlela project ayahambelana for Nupedia, a free online lesiNgisi encyclopedia project ogama zihloko ezalotshwa ngu ochwepheshe babuyekeza ngaphansi inqubo esemthethweni. Nupedia yasungulwa ngoMashi 9, 2000, ngaphansi ubunikazi Bomis, yenkampani a web portal. Izibalo zako ezisemqoka babengamadodana CEO Bomis Jimmy Wales no Larry Sanger, umhleli-in-chief for Nupedia futhi kamuva Wikipedia. Nupedia kwaba ilayisense okokuqala ngaphansi Nupedia Open License yaso Content, ziguquka kuya GNU Free Documentation License ngaphambi kokusungulwa Wikipedia sika at ukunxusa Richard Stallman. Sanger naseWales wasungula Wikipedia. Ngenkathi Wales is udumo ngokuchaza umgomo wokwenza encyclopedia obala kuhleleke, Sanger is udumo isu lokusebenzisa Wiki ukufinyelela lowo mgomo. Ngo-January 10, 2001, Sanger ohlongozwayo on the Nupedia sekheli ohlwini ukudala Wiki njengoba project a "feeder" for Nupedia.
Wikipedia lase ngokomthetho umkhankaso on January 15, 2001, njengelungu edition-ngolimi lwesiNgisi single at www.wikipedia.com, futhi umemezele by Sanger on the Nupedia Uhlu lwamaposi ekhompyutha. inqubomgomo Wikipedia of 'phuzu-ka-umbono hlangothi "kwase eyabekwa ezinyangeni zayo zokuqala. Ngale kwalokho, kwakukhona imithetho emibalwa ekuqaleni Wikipedia lasebenza ngokuzimela of Nupedia. Ekuqaleni, Bomis wayehlose ukwenza Wikipedia ibhizinisi inzuzo.
Wikipedia yazuza qhaza zakuqala kusuka Nupedia, Slashdot ezithunyelwe, futhi search engine web indexing. Ngo-August 8, 2001, kwadingeka Wikipedia kuka 8,000 izihloko. On September 25, 2001, kwadingeka Wikipedia kuka 13,000 izihloko. Futhi ngasekupheleni 2001 sase esekhule izihloko cishe 20,000 no 18 olimi editions. Kwase 26 olimi asakazwa by sekwephuzile 2002, 46 ekupheleni 2003, futhi 161 ngu izinsuku okugcina 2004 Nupedia and Wikipedia Bahlala kwaze amaseva yangaphambili sika zathathwa phasi unomphela ngo-2003, futhi okulotshwe kuwo ezahlanganiswa Wikipedia. English Wikipedia wadlula uphawu lwezihloko million ezimbili on September 9, 2007, okusenza le encyclopedia kunazo zonke ezake babuthana, odlulele ngisho 1407 Yongle Encyclopedia, ezazikade aphethwe irekhodi iminyaka 600.
Kokubala ukwesaba of ukukhangisa kwezohwebo kanye nokuntuleka okulawula Wikipedia, abasebenzisi of the Wikipedia Spanish olunjengemfoloko nokunye kusuka Wikipedia ukudala Enciclopedia Khulula ngo February 2002 La liya wakhuthaza Wales ukumemezela ukuthi Wikipedia ngeke sibonise intengiso, futhi ukushintsha domain Wikipedia sika kusukela wikipedia.com ukuze wikipedia.org.
Nakuba English Wikipedia wafinyelela izihloko million ezintathu August 2009, ukwanda kwe-edition, ngokoMthetho izinombolo lwezihloko nesesiphelo nomthelela, kubonakala sengathi kwafinyelela umvuthwandaba nxazonke zakuqala 2007. Around nawo-1800 kuya zihloko kwanezelwa nsuku zonke kuze encyclopedia in 2006; by 2013 ukuthi isilinganiso kwaba cishe 800. Iqembu at the Palo Alto Research Center isixhazululo le unciphisa sokukhula kuya okwandayo wedwa le project kanye ukumelana ukushintsha. Abanye basikisela ukuthi ukukhula is flattening ngokwemvelo ngenxa izihloko ukuthi kungaba ngokuthi "low-choma izithelo" - izihloko ezisenza ngokucacile isihloko -. kakade zidalwe azakhela kabanzi
Ngo-November 2009, umcwaningi at the Rey Juan Carlos University e Madrid (Spain) lwathola ukuthi English Wikipedia wayengasenaso 49,000 abahleli phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala of 2009; uma kuqhathaniswa, leli project walahlekelwa abahleli 4.900 nje kuphela phakathi nenkathi efanayo ngo-2008. The Wall Street Journal ekhonjiwe uhla imithetho zisetshenziswa kulungisa kanye nezimpikiswano ezihlobene kokuqukethwe okunjalo phakathi izizathu lokhu kuthambekela. Wales baphikisana la izimangalo ngo-2009, bephika ukuwa, singabaze indlela lesifundo. kweminyaka emibili kamuva, Wales wavuma ukuba khona nokwehla okuncane, siphawula ukwehla kusukela "kancane kuka 36,000 abalobi" ngoJuni 2010 kuya 35,800 in June 2011 [138] in the interview efanayo, Wales aphinde athi inani abahleli sasithi "ezinzile futhi esimeme," a isimangalo okuyinto ephenywa mit sika Technology Review esihlokweni 2013 esihloko sithi "ekuncipheni Wikipedia." ngo July 2012, Atlantic libike ukuthi isibalo abaphathi nako ziyancipha. in the 25 November 2013 issue of kamagazini New York, uKatherine Ward sathi "Wikipedia, iwebhusayithi lesithupha-kunazo-kusetshenziswa, elibheke i yangaphakathi esibucayi. Ngo 2013, mit sika Technology Review yembula ukuthi kusukela ngo-2007, le site ilahlekelwe yesithathu abahleli ivolontiya ukuvuselela bese ulungise izigidi le encyclopedia inthanethi of amakhasi nalabo zisekhona abaye egxile ngokuya on minutiae."
Wikipedia blackout wokumelana uSopa ngoJanuwari 18, 2012
Ngo-January 2007, Wikipedia wangena okokuqala uhlu top-eziyishumi amawebhusayithi athandwa kakhulu e-United States, ngokusho comScore Networks. With million 42,9 izivakashi eziyingqayizivele, Wikipedia yayibekwe ezingeni number 9, odlulele iNew York Times (# 10) no Apple (# 11). Lokhu kwasho okukhulu phezu January 2006, lapho ayedla kwaba isibalo 33, kanye Wikipedia ethola azungeze 18.3 million izivakashi eziyingqayizivele. Ngo February 2014, kwaba Wikipedia website lesithupha ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ngokusho Alexa Internet, ekutholeni 12 billion zokubukwa kwamakhasi njalo ngenyanga (2.7 billion kusukela United States). On 9 February 2014, The New York Times yabika ukuthi Wikipedia has 18 billion zokubukwa kwamakhasi futhi cishe abayizigidi ezingu-500 izivakashi eziyingqayizivele ngenyanga, "ngokwezinto izilinganiso liqinile comScore."
Ngo-January 18, 2012, i-English Wikipedia iqhaza ochungechungeni imibhikisho Bafunisiswa ngokumelene imithetho emibili ehlongozwayo e-United States Congress-the Stop Online ukudunwa Act (uSopa) kanye uvikele Act IP (PIPA) -ngomusa blacking out amakhasi alo for 24 amahora. Ngaphezu 162 million abantu babebheka blackout Incazelo ikhasi esikhundleni saso Wikipedia nokuqukethwe okwesikhashana.
Loveland and Reagle bathi, ngo nqubo, Wikipedia kulandela isiko omude encyclopedia ezingokomlando ukuthi zanqwabelana ngcono piecemeal ngokusebenzisa 'yokuzuza stigmergic ".
Mhla zingama-20 Masingana 2014, USubodh Varma abikela i "The Economic Times" wabonisa ukuthi hhayi nje kwadingeka Wikipedia ichaza isicaba kodwa "walahlekelwa ngamasenti ali-10 wewalo enamakhasi ukubukwa ngonyaka odlule ngamunye. Yilokho ukwehla ngo-2 billion phakathi kuka-Zibandlela ka 2012 noka 2013. izinguquko ezithandwa kakhulu abahola:. enamakhasi imibono iWikipidiya yesiNgisi yehle ngo-12 senti, labo of version German Ngafaka by 17 cent kanye version Japanese per balahlekelwa 9 angu "Varma wanezela ukuthi,"Njengoba abaphathi be-Wikipidiya bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaba ngenxa yamaphutha wokubala, abanye osolwazi babona ukuthi iphrojekhi yeGrafu Yolwazi Lweguguli Google's Knowledge Graphs project launched last year may be gobbling up Wikipedia users." When contacted on this matter, Clay Shirky, associate professor at NewYork University and fellow at Harvard's Berkman Center for internet and Security indicated that he suspected much of the page-view decline was due to Knowledge Graphs, stating, "If you can get your question answered from the search page, you don't need to click [any further]."


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I-Sauce iyinto esizayo ekuphekeni. Yize kube nomsebenzi wokubasiza, akekho noyedwa owake walokotha wathi akubalulekile. Ukunambitheka kwesitsha kuvame ukudinga isosi ukulawula. I-sauce ejwayelekile ine-fluidity ethile, kukhona okufana nokunamathiselwa, okufana nesosi ye-sitrobheli, isaladi isoso, i-curry sauce, noma i-granular powder, njenge-cumin powder,, i-pepper powder, noma uketshezi, njengamafutha omnqumo, iViniga, kukhona futhi okuqinile izinhlanganisela zonyaka, njengamabhodlela ebhodwe ashisayo. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesosi zinezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokupakisha, kufaka phakathi ukuzinza, ukungabi nobuthi, ukubekwa uphawu okuphindiwe, ukubekwa uphawu nezinye izakhiwo zomzimba nezomshini. Ake sifunde kabanzi ngayo.
I-pasty sauce ngokuvamile iqukethe amanzi, ngakho-ke kulula ukuzala amabhaktheriya. Kumele kube yi-antibacterial ngesikhathi sokugcina. Ukupakisha kuzodinga ukuthi izimo zihlukanise ukukhula kwamagciwane, futhi izidingo zobufakazi bomswakama, ubufakazi be-oxygen kanye nobufakazi bokukhanya ziphakeme kakhulu, bese kusetshenziswa izinto eziyinhlanganisela kanye nesendlalelo se-aluminium, esinomoya omuhle nesithiyo esiqinile oksijini. Ivimbela i-sauce ekubeni ifakwe i-oxidized. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kungaqinisekisa ukuthi usoso ngeke wehle ezinyangeni eziyi-12. Uma udinga izidingo zokuvikela eziphakeme, ungakhetha ukusebenzisa i-aluminium emsulwa njengolwelwesi oluvikelayo.
I-powdery sauce isomile kancane, futhi izinga lokuvikela liphansi kakhulu kune-sauce ye-pasty. Ungakhetha i-BOPP / PE noma i-PET / PE yezingqimba ezimbili zokupakisha ezihlanganisiwe. Ukungeza iwindi elisobala kuvumela abathengi ukuthi babone ngokucacile imikhiqizo ngaphakathi, enembile kakhulu.
Ngososo abangawuketshezi, imvamisa sincoma ukusebenzisa isikhwama se-spout ukuthululela kalula.
Isosi eqinile imvamisa igcwele ngomshini esikhwameni sokuqala, bese ipakishwa esikhwameni sangaphandle sokupakisha kwesibili.
Ukupakisha kukaBeyin kusetshenziswa ifilimu epulasitiki ebangeni lokudla evunyelwe yi-FDA njengolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwazo zonke izikhwama zokupheka usoso, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokubekezelelana kwezinto zokupakisha kumasoso, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi amasoso ngeke adlule ifilimu yangaphakathi futhi angene phakathi izingqimba ezimbili zezinto zokwakha, futhi ngeke kuvuze esikhwameni sososo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhwama zesosi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zokupakisha kukaBeyin zithanda izinto zokunamathisela ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zingagcina umphumela wazo wokunamathela ngemuva kokuthintana nososo, uvikele ukudilizwa kwefilimu edidiyelwe, futhi uvimbele usoso ekuthinteni ungqimba lukayinki wokuphrinta.
Ngokuvamile, isikhwama sokupakisha sososo siyisicaba noma isikhwama sokuma, esisetshenziselwa ukubamba imikhiqizo yevolumu encane naphakathi. Ubukhulu besikhwama sokupakisha buphakathi kwama-60 ~ 200 microns / ohlangothini ngokwesisindo somkhiqizo. Ubukhulu obufanayo iyisisekelo esiyisisekelo sezikhwama zokupakisha zepulasitiki. Izikhwama zesosi ezikhiqizwa yiBeyin Packaging zizohlolwa ngokuqinile, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kobukhulu, ukuhlolwa kwamandla we-peel, ukuhlolwa kwamandla okuqina, ukuhlolwa kwe-modulus elastic, isivivinyo se-coefficient test, ukuhlolwa kwe-retort test, njll. Uchungechunge lwezivivinyo luqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama se-sauce sinomfaniswano ukujiya, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, futhi kungamelana nengcindezi ethile ngaphandle kokwephuka. Ifilimu ye-multilayer ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile, ayizweli i-grease, futhi iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isikhwama sokupakisha asinazo izinkinga ezifana ne-delamination, shrinkage, ne-break break after the bag package is retorted and sterilized. Lawula i-coefficient of friction ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayiphumuli noma ishelele.
Isikhwama sososo sisetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla, ngakho ukuphepha kwaso kufanele kuqinisekiswe. Ukupakisha kukaBeyin kuveze umshini wokulaminetha onesivinini esikhulu, onesivinini sokushisa esisheshayo, i-volatilization esheshayo esheshayo, nezinto ezimbalwa eziyingozi. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kokukhiqizwa, ukupakisha kukaBeyin kuzophinde kuhlolwe izikhwama zesoso ngokuhlolwa kwe-solvent residue, kulawulwe ngokuqinile izinsalela ze-solvent, futhi kugweme ukufuduka kwama-solvents solidual kusoso ngaphansi kwezindawo ezinokushisa okuphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe impilo yabathengi.
Ezikhwameni zokupakisha ezinamakhono amancane, izikhwama zokupakisha ezisetshenziswa kanye, akudingeki ukuthi zengeze uziphu, vele ungeze inothi lezinyembezi, noma uma umkhiqizo wakho udinga ukulengiswa eshalofini, khumbula ukufaka izimbobo zezingwegwe. Ngemikhiqizo yevolumu enkulu edinga ukusetshenziswa kaninginingi, kunconywa ukuthi ungeze uziphu, ongavalwa kaningi ukunweba impilo yeshalofu yesosi.
Ukugcinwa kwesikhwama sokupakisha kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma isikhwama sokupakisha sichayeke elangeni nasemoyeni isikhathi eside, umbala uzofiphala noma uphakathi nokuphrinta ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke isikhwama sokupakisha kufanele sigcinwe endaweni epholile futhi enomoya, ukuze umbala omuhle wesikhwama sokupakisha ukwazi ingagcinwa isikhathi eside.Futhi ungayifaki kakhulu ukuze uvikele isikhwama ekulimaleni kokucindezelwa okweqile nokungqubuzana.