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Aero Mongolia - Skyteam
Skyteam magazine
2012 AERO MONGOLIA 1 2 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 3 4 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 5 6 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 7 8 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 9 10 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 11 SKY team íèñäýã ñýòã¿¿ë ¯¯ÑÃÝÍ ÁÀÉÃÓÓËÀÃ× “ÀÝÐÎÌÎÍÃÎËÈÀ” ÊÎÌÏÀÍÈ ÝÐÕËÝÍ ÃÀÐÃÀÃ× “ÍÎÃÎÎÍ ÑÝÒï¯Ë×” ÒÁÁ ÝÐÕËÝÃ× ÑÎÍÎÌÛÍ ÃÀÍÁÎËÄ ÐÅÄÀÊÒÎÐ ÝÐÄÝÍÝÁÈËÝÃÈÉÍ ÓÓÃÀÍÁÀÒ ÌÀÐÊÅÒÈÍÃÈÉÍ ÀËÁÀÍÛ ÄÀÐÃÀ ÃÀËÁÀÄÐÀÕÛÍ ÃÝÐÝË ÌÀÐÊÅÒÈÍÃÈÉÍ ÌÅÍÅÆÅÐ ÁÀßÐÑÀÉÕÀÍÛ ÖÎËÌÎÍ ÑÝÒï¯Ë× ÍÀÖÀÃÄÎÐÆÈÉÍ ÎÒÃÎÍÁÀÀÒÀÐ ËÕÀÃÂÀѯÐÝÍÃÈÉÍ ÍÈÍÆÑÝÌÆÈÄ ÎÑÒÐÎÂÑÊÈÉÍ ÑÝËÝÍÃÝ ÍÎÐÎÂÛÍ ÇÎËÆÀÐÃÀË ÃÀÄÀÀÄ ÌÝÄÝÝÍÈÉ ÀËÁÀ ÑÝÐÝÝÒÝÐÈÉÍ ÁÀßÐ ÎÐÎÑ ÕÝË Ð¯¯ ժЯ¯ËÑÝÍ ÑÀÉÍÒªÐÈÉÍ ÁÀÄÐÀË ÀÍÃËÈ ÕÝË Ð¯¯ ժЯ¯ËÑÝÍ ÍÀÌ×ÈÍÃÈÉÍ ÁÀÒÑÀÍÀÀ Ҫ̪ÐÕÓßÃÈÉÍ ÌÀÐÒ ÕßÒÀÄ ÕÝË Ð¯¯ ժЯ¯ËÑÝÍ ÄÀÃÂÛÍ ÁÀßÐ ÃÝÐÝË ÇÓÐÀÃ×ÈÍ ¯ÐÕÝÍѯÐÝÍÃÈÉÍ ÎÄÁÀßÐ ÄÈÇÀÉÍÅÐ ÁÀÀÒÀÐÆÀÂÛÍ ÝÍÕÒÀÉÂÀÍ AERO MONGOLIA Co Ltd ADDRESS: EXPRESS TOWER, 5th FLOOR, 1st KHOROO, CHINGELTEI DISTRICT, ULAANBAATAR 34, MONGOLIA PHONE: 88102050 12 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 FOUNDER “ÀERO MONGOLIA” Co.Ltd PUBLISHER “GREEN JOURNALIST” NGO EDITOR IN CHIEF GANBOLD SONOM phone: 99049771 EDITOR UUGANBAT ERDENEBILEG HEAD OF MARKETING DEPARTMENT GEREL GALBADRAH phone: 95951989 ÌÀRKETENG MANAGER TSOLMON BAYARSAIHAN JOURNALIST OTGONBAATAR NATSAGDORJ phone: 99269367 NINJSEMJID LHAGVASUREN phone: 98704123 SELENGE OSTROVSKII phone: 99189748 NOROV ZOLJARGAL FOREIGN NEWS DEPARTMENT BAYAR SEREETER TRANSLATED INTO PUSSIAN BADRAL SAINTUR TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH BATSANAA NAMCH(IN MART TUMORHUYAG TRANSLATED INTO CHINA BAYAR DAGVA PHOTOGRAPHER ODBAYAR URHENSUREN phone: 88606011 DESIGNER ENKHTAIVAN BAATARJAV phone: 99049531 “GREEN JOURNALIST” NGO PHONE: 99049771, ADDRESS: DELGER CENTER-101 ROOM, ERKHUU STREET, 7th KHOROO, SUKHBAATAR DISTRICT, ULAANBAATAR greennewsbold@yahoo.com, enkhtaivan987@gmail.com PHONE: 99049771, 98557465, 88606011, 98557482 SKY team inflight magazine 2012 ßòãà÷èí Ö. ̺íõ-Ýðäýíý: ͯ¯ðñ øèíãýð¯¯ëýõ ýõíèé ¯éëäâýð 2017 îíä àøèãëàëòàä îðíî 18 Õàòàí ÿòãûí ãàéõàìøèãóóä îþóí ñàíààíä ÿíç á¿ðýýð õºâºð÷ ìýäðýãääýã 27 THE TALE OF A TOUR IN MONGOLIA Ìåòàëëóðãèéí ñàëáàðûí õªãæèë ¯íäýñíèé ýðõ àøèãò õàìààòàé 53 24 95 “Best trips” áóþó àÿëàë õèéõ îíöãîé òîõèðîìæòîé ãàçðóóäàä Õºâñãºë íóóð îðæýý “Apple”-èéí ãàéõàìøãóóä 87 Õàçààð äàðàí òý쯯ëýõ àðãàìàã õ¯ëýã ëóãàà... Àíõíû àâòîðàëëèãààñ ÿã 100 æèëèéí äàðàà òýðõ¿¿ àÿëëûí çàìààð àäàë ÿâäàë õàéã÷èä çîð÷ñîí þì. Òýäíèé äóíä äîìîãò ITALA-ã õºëºãëºñºí àÿëàã÷èä áàéëàà. 42 35 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 13 ò¯¯ÕÈÉÍ ÆÈÌ SKY TEAM 14 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 15 Ò¯¯ÕÈÉÍ ÆÈÌ SKY TEAM SKY guide ÿþ¿ã õààíààñ Ðîìûã ïàï ëàì Èííîêåíòèéä èëãýýñýí çàõèäàë 1246 îíä óã çàõèäëûã Ðîì ðóó ÿâóóëæýý. 16 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Ýíý áîë îäîî áîëòîë Âàòèêàíû ò¿¿õèéí ìóçåéä õàäãàëàãäàæ áàéãàà Ìîíãîëûí èõ õààí ÿþ¿ãýýñ Ðîìûí ïàïàä èëãýýñýí òºðèéí áè÷èã áèëýý. Óã áè÷èã íü 20 ñì ºðãºí, 120ñì óðòòàé öàðäìàë öààñàí äýýð ñàðàöèí /ëåðå/ ¿ñãýýð áè÷ñýí áºãººä èõ õààíû òàìãûã öààñíû óóëçâàð íààëò á¿õèé áè÷ýýñèéí òºãñãºëä øóíõààð äàðñàí áàéäàã àæ. ÿþ¿ã õààíû ýíýõ¿¿ òºðèéí áè÷èã Âàêèòàíû ñàí õºìðºãò áàéñíûã 1920 îíä Êèðèë Êàðîëåâñêèé àíõ óäàà îëæ ¿çýýä, ãýðýë çóðãààð áóóëãàí àâ÷ Èðàíû ýðäýìòýí Ìàññý ãýã÷èä ºã÷ ñóäëóóëæýý. Àíõíû îð÷óóëãûã Ìàññý õèéñýí áàéíà. ¯¿íýýñ õîéø ýíý õ¿¿ áè÷ãèéã ºíººã õ¿ðòýë îëîí àðâàí ýðäýìòýä ÿíç á¿ðýýð îð÷óóëæýý. Óã áè÷ãèéí íýãýí îð÷óóëãûã ñîíèðõóóëúÿ. “̺íõ òýíãýðèéí õ¿÷èí äîð. Á¿õ àóãàà èõ àðä èðãýäèéí äàëàé õààíû çàðëèã. /ýíý õýäýí ìºð ¿åèéã òóðêýýð áè÷ñýí áàéäàã/ Çàðëèãèéã ìèíü øàøíû èõ õààí óõààðòóãàé. Êàðàëü õýìýýõ ãàçàð õóðèëäàé õèéæ àõóéä òàíàé ýë÷ òîìèëîí ãóé÷èëáàé. Ãóé÷ëàëûã òàíü ýë÷ýýñ òàíü ñîíñâîé. Òà íàð õýðâýý ººðèéí õýëñýí ¿ãýíýý ñóóõ áîëâîîñ øàøíû èõ õààí ÷è áèåýð èðæ, áèäýí ë¿ãýý ó÷ðàõ õýðýãòýé. Áèä íàð òà íàðò çàñàãò /õóóëüä/ äóðäñàí çàðëèã á¿õèéã ñîíñãîòóãàé. Áàñ íàäàä ñàéí ¸ñûã õ¿ëýýëãýõ íü ñàéí ÿâäàë õýìýýí òà íàð õýëýâ. Òà íàð ýë÷ òîìèëîí èéí ãóé÷ëóóëñàí íü ñýöýí áîëîé. Ãýâ÷ áèä òàíû ãóé÷ëàëûã îéëãîõã¿é áàéíà. Áàñ òà íàð ýë÷ òîìèëæ “Òà íàð á¿õ ìàæàð /óíãàð/ áà õðèñòîñûí ìºðãºëòíèé îðíûã ýçëýâ” õýìýýí íàäàä õýëýâ. Ýäãýýð ¿ãèéã ÷èíü áèä ¿ë îéëãîíî. ×èíãýñ õààí õèéãýýä õààí ìèíèé áèå áàñõ¿¿ ýë÷ òîìèëîí òýð õî¸ð îðíûã òýíãýðèéí áîøãûã / çàðëèãèéã/ äàãàòóãàé õýìýýâ. Ãýâ÷ òýäãýýð õ¿ì¿¿ñ òýíãýðèéí áîøãûã ¿ë äàãàâ. ×èíèé ºã¿¿ëæ áóé òýäãýýð õ¿ì¿¿ñ èõ ÷óóëãàí ÷óóëæ, èõýä äýýðýíã¿é ààøèëæ, ìàíàé ýë÷èéã àëñàí. Òèéìýýñ ìºíõ òýíãýðèéí õ¿÷èí äîð òýäãýýð îðíû õ¿ì¿¿ñèéí àëñàí áºãººä óñòãàñàí áîëîé. Õàðèí çàðèì õ¿ì¿¿ñèéã òýíãýðèéí áîøèã áà ò¿¿íèé õ¿÷ýýð àâàðñàí áîëîé. Ò¿¿íýýñ ýíãèéí àðä èðãýäèéã õýðõýí áàðüæ õîðèõ áèëýý. ×è ºã¿¿ëñýí áèø¿¿? “Áè áîë õðèñòîñûí ìºðãºëòºí. Áè äýýä òýíãýðèéã õàéðëàìàé. Áè í¿ãýëèéã æèãøèíý ãýæ. Ãýòýë äýýä òýíãýð ÷èíü ÿë í¿ãýë õèéñýí àòàë áàñ ýíýðýõ ñýòãýë ºâºðëºìîé. Õýìýýñíèéã ÷è ìýäýõ¿¿ ? ÷è èéì ¿ãèé㠺㿿ëñýí áºãººòºë äýýä òýíãýðýý õýðõýí òàíèõ áèëýý. Íàðàí ìàíäàõ îðíîîñ íàðàí æàðãàõ îðîí õ¿ðòýë á¿õ åðòºíöèéí òýíãýðèéí õ¿÷èí íàìàéã èâýýìîé. Òýíãýðèéí áîøãîîñ ãàäíà õýí ÷ ¿ë ¿ëäýæ áîëíî. Îäîî òà íàð “ Áèä áîëáîîñ òàíû õàðúÿàò àëáàò, àëèâàà ýä õºðºíãèéã äóðòàé ºðãºì¿é, õýìýýí ¿íýí ñýòãýëýýñýý õýëýõ õýðýãòýé áºãººä ÷è õàðúÿàò âàí íàðàà äàãóóëàí, íýã ÷ õîöðîëã¿éãýýð áèäýíä áóóæ ºãºõ õýðýãòýé. Èéì áîëáîîñ áèä ñàÿ òà íàðûã íýð äàãàæýý õýìýýí ¿çìîé. Òà íàð õýðýâ òýíãýðèéí áîøãûã ¿ë äàãàí , çàðëèãèéã ýñýðã¿¿öâýýñ äàðóé äàéñàí áîëìóé. Òýíãýðèéí äóðüäñàí àëèâàà çàðëèãèéã òà íàð ýðõ áèø óõààðòóãàé. Õýðâýý áóðóó ñàíàà ºâºðëºâººñ õýðõýõèéã òýíãýð ìýäìîé... ãýæýý. 756 æèëèéí òýðòýý Ìîíãîëûí èõ õààí åðòºíö äàõèíû ýçýí ãýãäýæ áàéñàí Ðîìûí ïàïûã èéì èõ ¿ãýýð àéëãàæ áàéæýý. ÿþ¿ã õààíû ýë çàõèäëûã Ðîìûí ïàïûí äýýä çºâëºë îëîí ºäðèéí òóðø àéí äàãæèí õýëýëöýæ, äîðíîîñ öºìðºí áóé àþóëûí ºìíº õîðìîé ÷è÷ð¿¿ëýí ñóóæ áàéñàí ãýæ îí äàðààëàëûí ò¿¿õèéã çîõèîã÷ ìýðãýä áè÷èãëýí ¿ëäýýñýí íü ºíººã õ¿ð÷ýý. Ýíý çàõèäàë èëãýýëòèéã ÿþ¿ã õààí 1246 îíû 11 ñàðûí 3-11 íèé ºäð¿¿äýä íàìðûí îðäîí á¿õèé ãàçðàà ýõëýýä ìîíãîë áè÷ãýýð áè÷èæ äàðàà íü ïåðñ õýë äýýð õºðâ¿¿ëýí Ðîìûí ïàïàä èëãýýæýý. Óðüä ºìíº íü õýí ÷ èíãýæ Ðîìûí ïàïûã äàãæèí ÷è÷ð¿¿ëæ áàéñàíã¿é. ÿþ¿ã ÷ Ðîìîîñ õàðèó ýñ èðñýíä õèëýãíýõäýý èõ öýðãýý ºðíº òèéø õºäºëãºñºí ãýäýã. Õàðàìñàëòàé íü ÿþ¿ã õààí òýíãýðò õàëüæ, àëòàí óðãèéíõàí õààí øèðýýíèé òºëºº ºðñºëäºæ Ðîì ìàðòàãäàõ íü òýð. Èíãýæ Ðîì äîðíûí í¿¿äýë÷èí ìîíãîë÷óóäààñ àâðàãäñàí áèëýý. ÿþ¿ã õààí áàðàà áîëîã÷äûí õàìòààð öàéëæ áóé çóðãèéã 1438 îíä Àáäóëëà Ñóëòàí çóðæýý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 17 ªÄÒÝÉ ÁÈ×Èà SKY TEAM Ä.Ï¿ðýâäîðæ Òýì¿æèí - íóìûí õºâ÷íººñ òºðººã¿é þì Òýì¿æèí - ñóìûí çýâíýýñ ãàðààã¿é þì Òýì¿æèí - ªýë¿í ýõýýñ òºðñºí þì Òýì¿æèí - ºðëºã ò¿¿õýýñ ãàðñàí þì Àìàð çàÿà õîìñ äîãîëîí íóëèìñò õîðâîîä Àâðàõ òàâèëàí ìºõºñ äîëîîí ¿åèéí òýðòýýä Àòàà õîðñëûí ìàíöóéä Åñ¿õýéí õ¿¿ ºñ÷ Àÿí äàéíû îíãîäîîð åñºí òóãàà òàõèñàí þì Îîíû õàëèóí çîî øèã õàëõûí ñàðóóë òàëä Îíãèí öàãààí òàìãà øèã ãýðýý òýð áàðüñàí þì Îíîí ìºðíèé ñàâä õóð øèã øààãèõ àäóóíààñ Îíãîí õî¸ð çàãàëûã ìºíãºí õÿðóóíä ñîéñîí þì Ýõ îðíîî ºìóðãàà ºìººðñºí äºðâºí òîòãîîð ò¿ø¿¿ëæ Òóëãàð ò÷èëñºí ãóðâàí õàñãèéí õ¿ðýýëýíã Ýëãýí ºðèéí áàãàíûã õîðîë òîîíîíä ºðãºí Òóóðãà òóñãààð Ìîíãîëûí ãîëîìòûã òýð òóëñàí þì Îìîã áèëã¿¿í òºãñ òýíãýð ýçíèé æèã¿¿ðò Îä ìýò ñàðíèñàí îâãèéí ºäºñ ãóóðñàëæ Õºíººõ àþóë õºìºðñºí àõóé öàãèéí ¿éìýýíä Õºº õóÿã íºìºðñºí Èõ Ìîíãîë äýâñýí þì Õàòóó öàãèéí ýðõ, õ¿íä ìºðèéã äàðõàëæ Õàñàã èõ òýðýãíèé õ¿ðä äóãóéã ò¿ëõýæ 18 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Öîíæèí áîëäîã äàõü ×èíãèñ õààíû õºøºº. Ãýðýë çóðãèéí ¯.Îäáàÿð Ò¿ìýí ýõèéí õàðàéñàí ýõ íóòãèéí áýë÷èðò Ò¿ìíèé ãàçàð çóðàéñàí öàãààí òîîñ òàòñàí þì Õºõ ìîíãîëûí äýâýýí òýíãèñèéí øóóðãûã ÿðæ Õºìõèé çóóñàí åðòºíö ×èíãèñèéí ºìíº ñºõºðñºí þì Õºëºã ìîðüäûí òóóðàé ºðíº äîðíûã öºìëºæ Õºë í¿öãýí õîðâîî õàëóóí íóðàì ãèøãýñýí þì Òèéìýý, äàéíû ìºðººð öàãààí ñ¿¿ óðñààã¿é Òèéìýý, äàé÷äûí ñ¿ðèéã öàãèéí ñààëò ìàðòààã¿é Òèéìýý, ×èíãèñ ºíäºð Àëòàéä çàðòàé þì Òèéìýý, ×èíãèñ ºíººäºð ÷ ãýñýí íýðòýé þì Õîé÷ ¿åäýý òýð õàð áóðóó ñàíààã¿é Õîðèí ëàíãèéí èõ ãà÷ààëä õàòàí Îíîí øèðãýýã¿é ×èíãèñèéí èõ Ìîíãîë ÿäàðñàí, ãóòàðñàí, çàäàðñàí ×èíèé õºõ Ìîíãîë ÿëñàí, õºãæñºí, ìàíäñàí ßìàð ÷ áàéñàí ×èíãèñ õààí-ãàðüä øèã õàëüæ ßë ãàâüÿà õî¸ðîî õîé÷ ¿åäýý äààòãàñàí þì Ãàë óñàíä ýëýãäñýí áóóðàë çàìáóóòèâèéí ìàãíàéä Ãàí ñýëýìíèéõýý èðýýð ÌÎÍÃÎË ãýæ áè÷ñýí þì ×èíãèñ-íóìûí õºâ÷íººñ òºðººã¿é þì ×èíãèñ-ñóìûí çýâíýýñ ãàðààã¿é þì ×èíãèñ-ªýë¿íýõýýñ òºðñºí þì ×èíãèñ-ºðëºã Ìîíãîëîîñ ãàðñàí þì 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 19 ÓÐËÀà SKY TEAM Áºðòý õàìòëàãèéí ãîöëîë õºãæèì ÷èí ×.̺íõ-Ýðäýíýä îð÷èí ¿åèéí ìîíãîëûí ÿòãà äàõü óðëàãèéí õºãæèëä îíöãîé á¿òýýë÷ õóâü íýìýð îðóóëñàí, ÿòãà õºãæìèéí äàâóó òàëûã ººðòºº öîãöëîîñîí óð ÷àäâàðòàé, ÿòãûí øèíý÷ëýã÷ ãýæ Ìîíãîëûí ßòãûí Õîëáîîíîîñ ¿íýëæ “Áàòëàìæ” ãàðäóóëñàí þì. Òýðýýð ÿòãà õºãæìèéí óðàí á¿òýýë áîëîí Áºðòý õàìòëàãèéíõàà òîãëîëòûí òàëààð ñîíèðõîëòîé ÿðèëöëàãà ºã뺺. Áºðòý õàìòëàã íü ò¿âäèéí óðàí á¿òýýë÷èäòýé õàìòàð÷ òîãëîëò õèéæ áàéæýý. -ßòãà õºãæèì õààíààñ ãàðàëòàé, áóñàä õºãæ캺ñ ÿìàð îíöëîãòîé þì áý? -ßòãà õºãæèì áîë ìîíãîëûí ¿íäýñíèé õºãæìèéí çýìñýãèéí íýã. Ýðò äýýð ¿åä õààíû îðäîíä, òºðèéí îðäîíä ýãøèãëýäýã áàéñàí. Äýýäýëæ õ¿íäýòãýæ áàéñàí îðäíû õºãæìèéí çýìñýã. Îðäíû òºð ¿ã¿é áîëñíîîð îðäîíä òîãëîãäîæ áàéñàí îëîí ñàéõàí õºãæèì àðä ò¿ìíèé äóíä óëàìæëàãäàæ ÷àäààã¿é. 1960 îíä ìýðãýæëèéí óòãààð íü ñýðãýýí õºãæ¿¿ëýõýýð Àðä÷èëñàí Ñîëîíãîñ óëñààñ ìýðãýæèëòýí Êèì Çîì Àì áàãøèéã õî¸ð óëñûí ñî¸ëûí õàðèëöààíû øóãìààð ìîíãîë îðîíä óðüæ, òàíõèìûí ñóðãàëòòàé ìýðãýæëèéí ÿòãà÷äûã áýëòãýæ ýõýëñýí. Áóñàä õºãæìèéí çýìñã¿¿äýýñ ÿëãàãäàõ ÿòãà õºãæìèéí îíöëîã íü çîõèîë áîëãîíä çîðèóëæ ººð ººð õºãëºãºº õèéäýã òóë òîãëîî÷îîñ õóðä, õ¿÷, àâüÿàñ øààðääàã. 21 ÷àâõäàñàà äàãààä òîãëîõ àðãà òåõíèê íü áàÿëàã, õîðâîîã àðãàäàæ, õî¸ð í¿¿ðòíèéã õîëòãîæ ÷àääàã èä øèäòýé òýíãýðëýã õºãæèì 人. -ßòãà ãýäýã ¿ã èõ óòãà ó÷èðòàé áèé áîëñîí òîãëîëòûí ¿åýð õºòëºã÷ òàéëáàðëàæ áàéñàí . Ýíý òóõàé þó õýëìýýð áàéíà âý? -Òèéìýý, ÿòãà ãýäýã ¿ãíýýñ ÿòãà õºãæèì ãàðàëòàé ãýäýã. Åð íü îëîí ýðäýìòýí, ñóäëàà÷èä ÿòãà ãýäýã ¿ãèéã 20 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 ñóäàëæ ÿíç á¿ðýýð òàéëáàðëàæ áàéñàí. Çàðèì íü ÷àòãà, ÿòãàõ ãýäýã ¿ãíýýñ ãàðàëòàé ãýæ ¿çäýã. Äîìîã ò¿¿õò òýíãýðèéí äóóäëàãà õèéõäýý ÿòãûã àøèãëàäàã áàéñàí ãýæ ºã¿¿ëñýí áàéäàã. Òýð óòãààð óõàæ îéëãîâîë æèòóãà áóþó èä øèä, æàòãûí ÿçãóóð íü ä¿éæ î÷èõ áàéõ ãýæ îéëãîæ áàéíà. Òýãýõýýð Ẻãèéí øàøèíòàé ýíý ¿ã õîëáîãääîã. Óðëàã ñóäëàà÷ Æ.Áàäðàà ãóàé ÿòãà íýðèéã ñóäëàæ ÿòóãàí áóþó èò¿ãýí õýìýýõ ÿçãóóðààñ ÿòãàõ, èòãýõ ãàðãàëãààã òàéëáàðëàñàí áàéäàã. -ßòãà ¿¿ññýí äîìîã íü èõ ñîíèð õîëòîé þì áàéíà ëýý? -Ýð íºõºð íü äàéíä ìîðäîîä ýðãýæ èðýõã¿é áàéõ ãýæ ¿çýñãýëýíò ãýðãèé íü ãóíèõðàí áîäîæ íºõðèéíõºº ºâºð äýýð óðò õàð ¿ñýý íàìèðóóëàí ñóíàæ õýâòýõäýý ÿòãàñàí ãýäýã. Õ¿¿õíèé ¿ñ áèåè éã íü äàãààä óíæñàí áàéíà. Ýíý äîìãîîñ ë ÿòãà ¿¿ññýí þì ãýäýã. ßòãàòàé õîëáîîòîé ÿíç á¿ðèéí äîìîã áèé. ªíººäºð áèä õºãæèì ñóäëàëûã äîìîãîîð òºëººë¿¿ëýí òàéëáàðëàõààñ èë¿¿òýéãýýð õºãæèì ñóäëàëûã øèíæëýí áîäèò ñóäàëãààã õèéõ øààðäëàãà ãàð÷ èðýýä áàéíà. -Ñîëîíãîñ÷óóä ÿòãààð õºãæèìä äºã. Ìîíãîë ÿòãà õýäèé ¿åä Ñîëîí ãîñò î÷èæ ¿íäýñíèé õýìæýýíèé õºãæèì íü áîëñîí þì áîë? -Ò¿¿õ ñóðâàëæààñ ¿çýæ, àõìàä ¿åèéíõýýñýý ñîíñîæ áàéõàä Ìîí ãîëûí õààí Ñîëîíãîñûí õààíä õàò íàà áýëýã áîëãîæ ºãñºí þì áèëýý. Áýëãýíä î÷ñîí ìîíãîë õàòàí ÿòãûã ìàø ñàéí òîãëîäîã áàéæýý. Ìîíãîë õàòàí Ñîëîíãîñò î÷èæ ìîíãîë ÿòãûã ò¿ãýýí äýëãýð¿¿ëñýí ò¿¿õòýé þì áèëýý. Èíãýæ ë Ñîëîíãîñò ººðèéí ¿íäýñíèé õºãæèì áîëòëîî õºãæñºí ãýäýã. –ßòãà õºãæìèéí ÷àâõäàñ äýýä òàë íü õýä áàéäàã þì áý. ßìàð ÷àâõäàñòàé ÿòãàí äýýð òîãëîõîä óð ÷àäâàð èõ øààðäàãääàã âý? -ßòãàíû óòñûã ìàëûí ºëºí ãýäñýýð õèéäýã. ªíººäºð óëàìæëàãäàæ èðýýã¿é õýäèé ÷ ìîíãîëûí ýðòíèé ÿòãûí íýãýí òºðºë áîëîõ Àõóé èõ ÿòãà 50 ÷àâõäàñòàé áàéãààä Þàíü óëñûí ¿åä 25 ÷àâõäàñòàé áîëñîí áàéäàã. ªíººäºð ìàíàé ÿòãà÷èä Õÿòàä, Ñîëîíãîñ óëñààñ îðæ èðñýí ÿòãàí äýýð ñóðàëöàæ áàéãàà. Ýäãýýð ÿòãóóä íü 21, 19, 17 ,13 ÷àâõäàñòàé. Áè ñàÿûí òîãëîëòîíä 17 ÷àâõäàñòàé Âåòüíàì ÿòãààð îðîñûí àëäàðò õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷ Ðèìñêèé Êîðñàêîâûí “Õýäãýíèéí íèñýëò” á¿òýýëèéã òîãëîñîí. Íèéëýã óòñààð òºìºð óòàñíû ãàäíà òàëûã á¿ðæ õèéñýí Õÿòàäûí ÿòãà áàéäàã. Óòàñíû òºðëèéã õýëáýë îíäîî. ßòãà îëîí óòàñòàé áàéõ òóñìàà õºãæìèéí á¿òýýëèéí áàãòààìæ, öàð õ¿ðýý íü ºðãºí áîëæ áàéãàà ó÷ðààñ ìîíãîëä èõýâ÷ëýí 21 óòàñòàé ÿòãààð òîãëîæ áàéãàà. Èíòåðâüþ ñ ìóçûêàíòîì, èñïîëíèòåëüíèöåé íà ÿòãà-ÿòãà÷èí /íàö. ñòðóííûé èíñòðóìåíò ïîõîæèé íà àðôó/ ôîëüêëîðíîãî àíñàìáëÿ “Áîðòý” ×.Ìóíõ-Ýðäýíý. 28 àïðåëÿ âî Äâîðöå Íåçàâèñèìîñòè Ìîíãîëèè ñîñòîÿëîñü åå ñîëüíîå âûñòóïëåíèå “Õàòàí ÿòãà”. Åå æèâîé êîíöåðò ñîïðîâîæäàëñÿ âûñòóïëåíèåì íîìåðà “êàó÷óê” â èñïîëíåíèè àðòèñòêè Àíóäàðü. --Âû çà ãðàíèöåé ðàáîòàëè ïî ñâîåé ñïåöèàëüíîñòè – ÿòãà÷èí? - 1996 ãîäó ìåíÿ ïðèãëàñèëè ðàáîòàòü â àíñàìáëü “Ýãøèãëýí”. À ñ 1998 ãîäà, îðãàíèçîâàâ ñîáñòâåííûé àíñàìáëü, âûåõàëà çà ãðàíèöó, ãäå îêîëî äâåííàäöàòè ëåò ïîñòîÿííî ðàáîòàëà â Ãåðìàíèè, çàíèìàÿñü ñâîåé ìóçûêàëüíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ. Ìíîãî åçäèëà ñî ñâîèì àíñàìáëåì ñ êîíöåðòàìè ïî ñòðàíàì Åâðîïû. -Ñêàæèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, ÷åì òàê ïðèòÿãèâàåò âàñ ìóçûêà ÿòãà? -Ìîèì ïåðâûì ó÷èòåëåì, êîòîðûé ïðèâèë ìíå ëþáîâü ê ïðåêðàñíîé ìóçûêå ÿòãà, ÿâëÿåòñÿ Ëõàìñóðýí-áàãøà èç Äâîðöà ïèîíåðîâ. Ìîé ó÷èòåëü Ëõàìñóðýí äâà ãîäà ó÷èë ìåíÿ àçàì èãðû íà íàöèîíàëüíîì ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå ÿòãà, ó÷èë ìåíÿ âîñïðèÿòèþ ïðåêðàñíîãî è óäèâèòåëüíîãî â íàðîäíîé ìóçûêå íàøåãî äðåâíåãî íàðîäà. Çàòåì ÿ ïîñòóïèëà ó÷èòüñÿ â Óëààíáààòàðñêèé Êîëëåäæ ìóçûêè è òàíöà, ñòàâ ó÷åíèöåé ïðåïîäàâàòåëÿ ìóçûêè íà ÿòãà Ç.Íàðàíòóÿà. Ýòî óäèâèòåëüíîé äóøè ÷åëîâåê, êîòîðàÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðåêðàñíûì âîñïèòàòåëåì. Ïðåêðàñíûé ïåäàãîã è âûñîêîïðîôåññèîíàëüíûé ÿòãà÷èí, îíà î÷åíü èçâåñòíà â ìèðå èñêóññòâà. Ç.Íàðàíòóÿà-áàãøà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷åëîâåêîì, êîòîðûé ïîñòàâèë îñíîâó ðàçâèòèþ èñêóññòâà íàðîäíîé ìóçûêè ÿòãà íà íîâîì, ñîâðåìåííîì ýòàïå.  Ìîíãîëèè èìååòñÿ 13-ñòðóííûé ÿòãà. Ðàíüøå áûë êîðåéñêèé Bass-ÿòãà.  ïîñëåäíåå âðåìÿ ÿ, îñíîâíîì, ïîëüçóþñü äëÿ ñâîèõ êîíöåðòîâ ìóçûêàëüíûì èíñòðóìåíòîì ÿòãà, èìåþùèì 21 ñòðóíû, ïðèâåçåííóþ èç Êèòàÿ. Áëàãîäàðÿ ñòàðàíèÿì Ç.Íàðàíòóÿà èç Âíóòðåííåé Ìîíãîëèè Êèòàÿ áûë ïðèãëàøåí ïðåïîäàâàòåëü ìóçûêè íà ÿòãà, êîòîðûé î÷åíü ìíîãîå ñäåëàë äëÿ äàëüíåéøåãî ðàçâèòèÿ â Ìîíãîëèè ÿòãà. -Ñêàæèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, ãäå âïåðâûå âîçíèê ìóçûêàëüíûé èíñòðóìåíò ÿòãà? Âî-âòîðûõ, â ÷åì åãî ãëàâíîå îòëè÷èå îò äðóãèõ ìóçûêàëüíûõ èíñòðóìåíòîâ? -Ìóçûêàëüíûé èíñòðóìåíò ÿòãà ÿâëÿåòñÿ îäíèì èç íàöèîíàëüíûõ ìóçûêàëüíûõ èíñòðóìåíòîâ Ìîíãîëèè.  äðåâíèå âðåìåíà ìóçûêà ÿòãà çâó÷àëà â õààíñêîì äâîðöå, â ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ðåçèäåíöèè. Ýòî íàñòîÿùèé äâîðöîâûé ìóçûêàëüíûé èíñòðóìåíò, áîæåñòâåííûå ìåëîäèè êîòîðîãî óñëàæäàëè âåëèêèõ ïðàâèòåëåé äðåâíåé Ìîíãîëèè. Êîãäà èñ÷åçëà õààíñêàÿ ãîñóäàðñòâåííîñòü, òî ìíîãèå èç óäèâèòåëüíûõ ìóçûêàëüíûõ èíñòðóìåíòîâ, ïðåêðàñíàÿ ìóçûêà êîòîðûõ çâó÷àëà âî äâîðöàõ Âåëèêèõ ìîíãîëüñêèõ õààíîâ, òàê è íå ñìîãëè ñòàòü íàñëåäèåì ìîíãîëüñêîãî íàðîäà.  1960 ãîäó â öåëÿõ âîçðîæäåíèÿ è ðàçâèòèÿ íà ïðîôåññèîíàëüíîì óðîâíå ìóçûêè ÿòãà â Ìîíãîëèþ ïî ëèíèè êóëüòóðíîãî ñîòðóäíè÷åñòâà ìåæäó äâóìÿ ñòðàíàìè áûë ïðèãëàøåí èç ÊÍÄÐ êîðåéñêèé ñïåöèàëèñò, ïðåïîäàâàòåëü ìóçûêè íà ÿòãà Êèì Çîí Àì è áûëî íà÷àòî âíóòðèêëàññíîå îáó÷åíèå ìîíãîëüñêèõ ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ ÿòãà÷èí-èñïîëíèòåëåé íà ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå ÿòãà â ñòîëè÷íîì ó÷èëèùå ïåñíè è òàíöà /ñåãîäíÿøíèé Êîëëåäæ ìóçûêè è òàíöà/. Ìóçûêàëüíûé èíñòðóìåíò ÿòãà îòëè÷àåòñÿ îò äðóãèõ òåì, ÷òî åãî íàñòðàèâàþò êàæäûé ðàç ïî ðàçíîìó ïðè èñïîëíåíèè òîãî èëè èíîãî ìóçûêàëüíîãî ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ. Ïîýòîìó ÿòãà òðåáóåò îò ìóçûêàíòà áûñòðîòû, ñèëû èñïîëíåíèÿ, áîëüøîãî ìàñòåðñòâà è óìåíèÿ. Ñëåäóÿ 21 ñòðóíàì ýòîãî óäèâèòåëüíîãî ìóçûêàëüíîãî èíñòðóìåíòà, ïàëèòðà è äèàïàçîí ìóçûêè, èñïîëíÿåìîé íà ÿòãà, î÷åíü áîãàòà è ðàçíîîáðàçíà, à ïî øèðîòå ñâîåé çâóêîâîé ãàììû î÷åíü âåëèêà. Òàêæå î÷åíü áîãàòà è ðàçíîîáðàçíà òåõíèêà èñïîëíåíèÿ íà ýòîì ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå ÿòãà. -Äëÿ íàøèõ ÷èòàòåëåé î÷åíü èíòåðåñíî âîçíèêíîâåíèå ýòîãî óäèâèòåëüíîãî èíñòðóìåíòà. Ãîâîðÿò, ÷òî ñóùåñòâóåò ëåãåíäà îá ýòîì? -Ìóæ óåçæàë íà âîéíó, è êðàñàâèöà æåíà, äóìàÿ î òîì, ÷òî ëþáèìûé ìóæ ìîæåò íå âåðíóòüñÿ äîìîé, ê íåé ñ âîéíû, è óëåãøèñü íà ãðóäè ìóæà, ðàñïóñòèâ ñâîè äëèííûå ÷åðíûå âîëíèñòûå âîëîñû, óïðàøèâàëà åãî /ÿòãà – ýòî ïðîñèòü, óïðàøèâàòü. Ìîíã./. Ïðè ýòîì åå äëèííûå ïðåêðàñíûå âîëîñû ðàñïóñòèëèñü âäîëü èõ òåëà, êàê ñòðóíû èõ áîæåñòâåííîé ëþáâè..., îáâîëàêèâàÿ è êàê áû òîæå óïðàøèâàÿ åãî. È ãîâîðÿò, îò ýòîé ëåãåíäû è âîçíèê ÿòãà. Åñòü ìíîãî ëåãåíä, ñâÿçàííûõ ñ ìóçûêàëüíûì èíñòðóìåíòîì ÿòãà. -Êîðåéöû òàêæå èãðàþò íà ÿòãà. Êîãäà è êàêèì îáðàçîì ìîíãîëüñêèé ìóçûêàëüíûé èíñòðóìåíò ÿòãà ïîÿâèëñÿ â Êîðåå è ñòàë, ïî ñóùåñòâó, èõ íàöèîíàëüíûì ìóçûêàëüíûì èíñòðóìåíòîì? Ýòî òàêæå áóäåò î÷åíü èíòåðåñíî äëÿ íàøèõ 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 21 ÓÐËÀà SKY TEAM -ßòãà õºãæìèéã Ìîíãîëä ¿éëä âýðëýæ áàéãàà þó. ßòãàà ãîëäóó õààíààñ àâäàã âý. ¯íýòýé þó? -Ìàíàéõàí ñ¿¿ëèéí ¿åä Õÿòàä, Ñîëîíãîñ óëñààñ ÿòãàà àâ÷ áàéíà. Åð íü ìîíãîëä áàéãàà õºãæìèéí äýë ã¿¿ð¿¿äýýñ õàðàõàä õàìãèéí ¿íýòýé ÿòãà 500 000-600 000 òºãðºã áàéäàã. Ñîëîíãîñ ÿòãà èõ ¿íýòýé. Ìîíãîëä ÿòãà õèéæ áàéãàà ÷ óëàìæëàëò òåõíîëîãè ¿ã¿é òóë òîãëîã÷äûíõîî øààðäëàãûã õàíãàõã¿é áàéãàà. Ìîíãîë ÿòãûí ñóäàëãàà ñàéí õèéãäýæ, îð÷èí ¿åèéí øààðäëàãàä íèéöýõ¿éö óðëàà÷èéí çºâ òåõíîëîãèéã çîõèîæ ÷àäàõ þì áîë áèä ìîíãîë ÿòãàí äýýðýý òîãëîæ ìîíãîë ÿòãàà õºãæ¿¿ëýõ íü óñ àãààð ìýò ÷óõàë àñóóäàë ãýæ îéëãîæ áàéíà. ¯íýíèéã õýëýõýä áèä õÿòàä, ñîëîíãîñûí ÿòãûã õºãæ¿¿ëýýä áàéíà. Ýíý ìèíèé ñýòãýëèéã õàìãèéí èõ ºâòãºäºã. -Îð÷èí öàãèéí ìýðãýøñýí ÿòãà÷äûã õýäèéíýýñ áýëäýæ ýõýëñýí þì áîë? -Àíõíû ìýðãýøñýí ÿòãà÷äûã 1961 îíîîñ Ìîíãîëä áýëòãýæ èðñýí. Òýãýõýýð ýõíèé ÿòãà÷äààñ äóðüäàõ þì áîë ìàíàé àíõíû ýðýãòýé ÿòãà÷äûí íýã õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷ Á. Íàðàíáààòàð. ßòãà õºãæìèéí óðûí ñàí, ºíººäðèéí ÿòãà÷äûí õºãæèë õèéñýí ò¿¿íèé ãàâüÿàòàé ¿éëñ ¿íýõýýð èõ. ̺í Ñàíäàã, Öýðýíõîðëîî, Àëòàí òóóë, Ç.Íàðàíòóÿà ãýýä îëîí ñàéõàí ìýðãýæëèéí ÿòãà÷äûã òºð¿¿ëñýí ãàâüÿàòàé áàãø íàð áèé.. Ìîíãîëûí ãàéõìàøèãòàé ÿòãà÷èí Ìàãíàéñ¿ðýí, Á¿òýä íàð ýäãýýð áàãø íàðûí çàì ìºðèéã íü çààæ ºãñºí áàéãàà þì. Õºãæèì÷èí Öýðýíõîðëîî ãóàé èõ ìóíäàã õºãæèìäºõººñ ãàäíà õºãæ 캺 áè÷äýã áàéæýý. Õàðèí Íàðàí áààòàð àõ ÿòãûí õî¸ðîë, ãóðâàë, äºðâºë, ÿòãûí àíñàìáåëü ãýæ þó áàéäãèéã ãàðãàæ èðñýí. Ìîíãîëûí õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷èä áè÷ýýã¿é áàéõàä Íàðàíáààòàð ÿòãà÷èí àêîðüä, äóóðüñàë çýðãèéã áè÷èæ íàéðóóëàí, ìºí ÿòãûí äàõèí äàâòàãäàõã¿é ñàéõàí çîõèîë á¿òýýë¿¿äèéã áè÷èæ îëîíä õ¿ðãýñýí. ªºðºº ÷ ìóíäàã ÿòãà÷èí õ¿í. ßòãûíõàà ñóðãàëòûã ò¿ãýýí äýëãýð¿¿ëýõ ¿éëñèéí òºëºº Áóðèàäûí “Áàéãàëü” ÷óóëãàä îëîí æèë àæèëëàñàí. Îäîî ªâºðìîíãîëä óðèëãààð àæèëëàæ áàéãàà. -Òàíàé õàìòëàã “Áºðòý”. Òóõàéí ¿åä èéì íýðòýé õàìòëàãèéã ÿàãààä áàéãóóëàõ áîëñîí áý? –“Ýãøèãëýí” õàìòëàãààñàà ñàëáàð ëààä ìîíãîëûí àðäûí óðëàãèéã îð÷èí öàãèéí ºí㺠àÿñò îðóóëñàí ºâºðìºö ñòèëüòýé õàìòëàã áàéãóóëæ òîãëîëò çîõèîí áàéãóóëúÿ ãýæ íºõºðòýéãýý ÿðèëöñàí þì. Èíãýýä “Áºðòý” õàìòëàãèéã áàéãóóëñàí. Áèäíèé ò¿¿õýí 22 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 ñýäýâòýé áàéñàí. -Òàíàé íºõºð Ãàíï¿ðýâ õàìò ëàãèéíõàà õºãæìèéã áè÷äýã þì áàéíà. Ýíý òàëààð ñîíèðõóóëàà÷. –Ýíý õàìòëàãèéã ¿¿ñãýæ áàéãóóëàõ öà��ààñ ýõëýýä íºõºðòýéãýý õàìòàð÷ àæèëëàñààð áàéíà. Õºãæèì÷èí õ¿í äîòîîä åðòºíöººñºº óðãàí ãàð÷ áàéãàà òýð á¿òýýëèéã àìèëóóëæ ãàðãàõ, ºâºðìºö ñîíèí øèéäëýýð ÿàæ õºãæèì áîëãîæ ãàðãàõ âý ãýäýãò óð óõààíàà èõ çàðöóóëäàã. ªºðºº íàéðóóëíà. Øèíèéã õàéæ ýðýëõèéäýã. ªâºðìºö ñýòãýëãýýòýé õ¿í. Áèä íýã ãýð á¿ëèéí õ¿ì¿¿ñ ó÷èð óðàí á¿òýýëäýý ñàíàà áîäëîî õóâààëöàõàä ñàéõàí áàéäàã. –̺í êèíîíû õºãæèì áè÷èæ Àìåðèêèéí àëäàðò Õàìïòîíîîñ øàãíàë àâñàí ø¿¿ äýý. Êèíîíû õºãæèì áè÷èõ ñàíààã ÿàæ îëæ áàéñàí áîë? -2003 îíä íàéðóóëàã÷ Áÿìáàñ¿ðýí “Èíãýí òýìýýíèé íóëèìñ” áàðèìòàò êèíîã Ãåðìàíû áàãòàé õàìòàð÷ õèéñýí. Õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷ Ñàíãèäîðæ ãóàéí á¿òýýë “Òýìýý÷èí ýýæ” íýðòýé äóó áàéäàã. Ìàíàé íºõºð ýíý äóóã ñýäýâëýæ íàéðóóëàí õàìòëàãûíõàà á¿òýýë áîëãîæ òîãëîñîí þì. Òýãýýä ýíý íàéðóóëãûí õºãæèì òýäýíä òààëàãäàæ êèíîíäîî îðóóëñàí. ̺í 2005 îíä Áÿìáàñ¿ðýíãèéí íàéðóóë ãààð “Øàð íîõîéí òàì” ãýäýã êèíî õèéõýýð áîëæ Ãåðìàíû òàë ìàíàé íºõðèéã õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷îîð àæèëàà÷ ãýæ ñàíàë òàâüñàí. ͺõºð ìààíü ººðèéíõºº äîòîîä åðòºíöèéí ìýðäýìæýýð õºãæìèéã áóóëãàäàã. Ýíý ñýòãýëãýýã íü Ãåðìàí÷óóä îëæ õàðæýý. ªºðò íü èéì ñàíàë òàâèõàä ìàíàé íºõºð èòãýýã¿é, ìîíãîëä àëäàðòàé ñàéí õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷èä áàéäàã. Áè õîëáîî òîãòîîæ ºãüå ãýæ õýëæ áàéñàí. Ãýòýë òýä ìàíàé õàìòëàãèéí “Ìºðººäëèéí ñàëõè” öîìãèéã ñîíññîí áàéñàí ó÷è𠓯ã¿é ýý òà õèéæ ÷àäíà. Òà õèéõ ¸ñòîé õ¿í” ãýæ õýëæ ¿¿ðýã äààëãàâàð ºãñºí. Òýãýýä “Øàð íîõîéí òàì” êèíîíû õºãæèì áè÷èãäñýí þì. ÀÍÓ-ûí Ìàíõýòòýíä áîëñîí À çýðýãëýëèéí îëîí óëñûí êèíî íààäàì áîëñîí. Ýíýõ¿¿ ôåñòèâàëüä äýëõèéí îëîí îðíîîñ 170 ãàðóé êèíî îðîëöñîí. Ýíý ôåñòèâàëèàñ “Øàð íîõîéí òàì” êèíîíû õºãæ캺𺺠äýëõèéä íýðýý ãàðãàæ,“Øèëäýã êèíîíû õºãæèì”-èéí øàãíàë õ¿ðòñýí. ßã øàãíàëàà õ¿ðòýýä óäààã¿é áàéòàë Ãåðìàíû 2005 îíû ïÿíç ¿éëäâýðëýã÷äèéí “Øèëäýã óðàí á¿òýýë”-èéí øàãíàëûã ýäãýýð êèíîíû õºãæ캺𺺠ãàðäàæ àâñàí. Òýãýõýýð äýëõèéí õýìæýýíèé òîì óðàëäààíû øàãíàë ãýæ õýëæ áîëíî. –Ìîíãîëä ñ¿¿ëèéí ¿åä ¿íäýñíèé ÿçãóóð óðëàãèéí õºãæìèéí íýëýýä õýä õýäýí õàìòëàã áèé áîëñîí “Áºðòý” õàìòëàã òýäíýýñ ÿìàð ÿëãààòàé âý? - ßçãóóð óðëàãèéí ¿íäýñíèé õºãæìèéí õàìòëàãèéã ýòíèê, æààç, îð÷èí ¿åèéí ÷èãëýëð¿¿ õºòºëñºí õàìòëàã áîë “Áºðòý”. Ìàíàé õàìòëàã 1998 îíä ýòíî æààçààð òîãëîæ áàéëàà ¯¿ãýýðýý áèä áóñàä õàìòëàãààñ ÿëãààòàé. Áºðòý õàìòëàã àðäûí õºãæèìä øèíý ñòèëü òºðºë îðóóëæ èðñýí òóë 2010 îíû “Ãîî ìàðàë”-ûí øàãíàëûã àâñàí. Ýíý øàãíàëààð “Áºðòý” õàìòëàã àðäûí õºãæèìä øèíý÷ëýë àâ÷èðñàí ãýäãýý áàòàëãààæóóëñàí. Çàðèì õàìòëàãóóä ìàíàé á¿òýýë¿¿äýýñ ñýäýâëýæ òîãëîäîã áîëîõîîð áàðàã á¿ãäýýðýý èæèë òºñòýé äóóãàðàëòòàé áîëæ áàéãàà áîëîâ óó. Èæèë òºñòýé ýíý îëîí õàìòëàãóóä äîòîð Àëòàí Óðàã õàìòëàãèéã õîëüæ îéëãîæ áîëîõã¿é. Ôîëê Ðîê ÷èãëýëýýð ãàð÷ èðñýí ýíý õàìòëàãèéã áèä õ¿íäýëäýã. -ßòãà õºãæ캺𺺠äýëõèéí áîëîí ìîíãîëûí ñîíãîäîã ÿìàð õºãæìèéí çîõèîëóóäûã ãîëäóó òîãëîäîã âý? --Ǻí人 îëîí òîãëîëò áèé. ßòãàíä çîðèóëñàí Á.Øàðàâûí “Âàðèàö” õºãæìèéí çîõèîëûã “Õàòàí ÿòãà÷èí” òîãëîëòîíäîî õîñ ÿòãàòàé òîãëîñîí. Õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷ Ö.×èíçîðèã, Á.̺íõáîëäûí êîíöåðòûã “Àëòàí íàìàð” òîãëîëòîíä òîãëîæ øèëäýãèéí øèëäýã õºãæìèéí øàãíàë õ¿ðòýæ áàéñàí. Õºãìèéí çîõèîë÷ Õ.Àëòàí ãýðýëèéí ÿòãàíä çîðèóëñàí 3 àíãèò êîíöåðò, Õ.̺íõ-Åðòºíöèéí ÿòãàíä çîðèóëñàí “Êîíöåðòûí ðàïñîäè” çýðãèéã òîãëîñîí. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí Õÿòàäûí àëäàðò õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷ Õî Æàí Õàî,×åí Êàí íàðûí õèéë, ñèìôîíè íàéðàë õºãæèìä çîðèóëæ áè÷ñýí “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé” ãýäýã çîõèîë áàéäàã. Ýíý õºãæìèéí çîõèîë ìóíäàã ä¿ðñëýëòýé, ìóíäàã ôèëîñîôèòîé àãóó á¿òýýë. Ýíý á¿òýýë íàìàéã õºãæèìä ñóðãàæ óõààðóóëñàí ãýæ õýëæ áîëîõîîð. Òºðèéí ñî¸ðõîëò, Õºãæìèéí çîõèîë÷ Í.Æàíöàííîðîâ ãóàéí ÿòãà áóþó ñèìôîíè íàéðàë õºãæèìä çîðèóëñàí 25 ìèíóòûí êîíöåðòûã Åâðîïûí äºðâºí òîì îðêåñòîðòîé òîãëîñîí. Íýã íîò ÷ õàñàëã¿é, íýã ìèíóò ÷ õàñàëã¿é òîãëîõîä åâðîï÷óóä ãàéõàæ áàéñàí. Åâðîï÷óóä ìîíãîë÷óóäûã íîò ìýääýãã¿é, í¿¿äýë÷èí ñî¸ë àõóéãààñàà õîëäîîã¿é ãýñýí îéëãîëòòîé áàéäàã. Ãýòýë ìîíãîë÷óóäûí óðëàã ñî¸ëûí õºãæèë åâðîï÷óóäààñ õîöðîã äîîã¿é ø¿¿ ãýäãèéã ìàíàé òîãëîëò òàéëàãíàæ õàðóóëñàí. Áóóðàë òîëãîé òîé òîì òîì ïðîôåññîðóóäûí ºìíº áè ÿòãààðàà ãîöëîæ òîãëîíî ãýäýã ìàø ºíäºð õàðèóöëàãà áàéäàã. Òýä òîãëîëòûí äàðàà “Òàíä íîò áàéíà óó” ÷èòàòåëåé? -Êàê ýòî âèäíî èç èñòîðèè, à òàêæå îò íàøèõ ñòàðøèõ òîâàðèùåé, Ìîíãîëüñêèé õàí ïîäàðèë Êîðåéñêîìó ïðàâèòåëþ ñâîþ õàòóí â ïîäàðîê. Ìîíãîëüñêàÿ õàòóí, ïîäàðåííàÿ Êîðåéñêîìó ïðàâèòåëþ, ïðåêðàñíî èãðàëà íà ÿòãà. È êàê ïîêàçûâàåò èñòîðèÿ, ìîíãîëüñêàÿ õàòóí, ïðèåõàâøàÿ â Êîðåþ, ðàñïðîñòðàíèëà òàì ìîíãîëüñêèé ÿòãà. È âîò ìîíãîëüñêèé ÿòãà ïîëó÷èë áîëüøîå ðàçâèòèå â Êîðåå, ñòàâ èõ íàöèîíàëüíûì ìóçûêàëüíûì èíñòðóìåíòîì. -Ñêàæèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, ñàìîå áîëüøåå ñêîëüêî ñòðóí áûâàåò íà ÿòãà? È íà êàêîì ÿòãà è ñî ñêîëüêèìè ñòðóíàìè òðåáóåòñÿ äëÿ èãðû íà íåì áîëüøèõ óñèëèé è óìåíèÿ? -Ñòðóíû äëÿ ÿòãà èçãîòîâëÿþò èç òîíêèõ êèøîê ñêîòà. Ñåãîäíÿ îäèí èç âèäîâ äðåâíèõ ìîíãîëüñêèõ ÿòãà “Àõóé èõ ÿòãà”, õîòÿ îí è íå áûë, êàê êóëüòóðíîå íàñëåäèå, óíàñëåäîâàí ìîíãîëüñêèì íàðîäîì, èìåë 50 ñòðóí è, ïîïàâ â Þàíüñêóþ èìïåðèþ Õóáèëàé õàíà, ñòàë 25ñòðóííûì ÿòãà, óòðàòèâ ïîëîâèíó èç ñâîèõ ñòðóí. Ñåãîäíÿ íàøè ÿòãà÷èí ó÷àòñÿ èãðàòü íà ÿòãà, ïðèâåçåííûå èç Êèòàÿ è Êîðåè. Ýòè ìóçûêàëüíûå èíñòðóìåíòû ÿòãà èìåþò ïî 21, 19, 17, 13 ñòðóí. ß íà íåäàâíåì ñâîåì êîíöåðòå èãðàëà ïðîèçâåäåíèå “Ïîëåò øìåëÿ”, íàïèñàííîå âåëèêèì ðóññêèì êîìïîçèòîðîì Ðèìñêèì-Êîðñàêîâûì íà 13-ñòðóííîì âüåòíàìñêîì ÿòãà. Èìååòñÿ ÿòãà èç Êèòàÿ, ñòàëüíûå ñòðóíû êîòîðîãî ïîêðûâàþò ñèíòåòè÷åñêèìè íèòÿìè. Ôîðìà ñòðóí ÿòãà áûâàþò ðàçíûìè. ×åì áîëüøå ñòðóí ó ÿòãà, òåì áîëüøå îáúåì è øèðå è êðàñî÷íåå çâó÷àíèå çâóêîâîé è öâåòîâîé ãàììû ìóçûêàëüíîãî ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ. Ïîýòîìó â Ìîíãîëèè, â îñíîâíîì, âûáèðàþò äëÿ èãðû 21ñòðóííûé ÿòãà. -Ðàíüøå â Ìîíãîëèè ìíîãî áûëî èñêóñíûõ ÿòãà÷èí? -Êîíå÷íî. Ïåðâûõ ïðîôåññèî íàëüíûõ ÿòãà÷èí íà÷àëè ãîòîâèòü â Ìîíãîëèè ñ 1961 ãîäà. È åñëè ãîâîðèòü î ïåðâûõ ìîíãîëüñêèõ ÿòãà÷èí, òî íåëüçÿ íå âñïîìíèòü îäíîãî èç ìóæ÷èí-ÿòãà÷èí, êîìïîçèòîðà Á.Íàðàíáààòàðà. Îí ìíîãîå ñäåëàë äëÿ ðàçâèòèÿ ÿòãà â Ìîíãîëèè, à òàêæå î÷åíü ìíîãîå âíåñ â ñîêðîâèùíèöó ìîíãîëüñêîé íàöèîíàëüíîé ìóçûêè. Òàêæå ó íàñ èìåþòñÿ ìíîãî çàñëóæåííûõ ïðåïîäàâàòåëåéó÷èòåëåé, òàêèå, êàê Ñàíäàã, Öýðýíõîðëîî, Àëòàíòóóë, Íàðàíòóÿà, êîòîðûå âçðàñòèëè ìíîãî ïðåêðàñíûõ âûñîêîïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ ÿòãà÷èí Ìîíãîëèè. Âåëèêèå ÿòãà÷èí Ìîíãîëèè Ìàãíàéñóðýí, Áóòýä íàïðàâèëè íà ïóòü èñêóññòâà ìóçûêè ÿòãà ýòèõ ó÷èòåëåé, ðîäèâøèõ òàê ìíîãî ïðåêðàñíûõ ÿòãà÷èí. Ìóçûêàíò Öýðýíõîðëîî íå òîëüêî ïðåêðàñíî èãðàëà íà ÿòãà, íî è ñàìà ñî÷èíÿëà ìóçûêàëüíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå ê íåìó. Íî Á.Íàðàíáààòàð ïîêàçàë ìèðó, ÷òî òàêîå äóýò ìîíãîëüñêèõ ÿòãà÷èí, òðèî, êâàðòåò, àíñàìáëü ìóçûêàíòîâÿòãà÷èí. Êîãäà ìîíãîëüñêèå êîìïîçèòîðû åùå íå ñîçäàâàëè ìóçûêàëüíûõ ïðîèçâåäåíèé ê ÿòãà, íàø Íàðàíáààòàð óæå ïèñàë ê íåìó ìóçûêó. ×òîáû ðàñïðîñòðàíèòü çà ãðàíèöåé ìîíãîëüñêèé ÿòãà, îí ìíîãî ëåò ðàáîòàë â Àíñàìáëå “Áàéêàë” Ðåñïóáëèêè Áóðÿòèÿ. Ñåãîäíÿ Á.Íàðàíáààòàð ðàáîòàåò â Õóõ õîòî ïî ïðèãëàøåíèþ Âíóòðåííåé Ìîíãîëèè. -Ñêàæèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, â ÷åì ñîñòîèò îñîáåííîñòü âàøåãî íåäàâíåãî âûñòóïëåíèÿ “Õàòàí ÿòãà”? Ïî÷åìó âû íàçâàëè ñâîé ñîëüíûé êîíöåðò “Õàòàí ÿòãà”? - 2001 ãîäó ÿ ïîñòàâèëà â òåàòðå îïåðû è áàëåòà ñâîå ïåðâîå ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíîå âûñòóïëåíèå ïîä íàçâàíèåì “Àëòàéä õîãëîãäñîí óÿíãà” /Ìåëîäèÿ, íàñòðîåííàÿ íà Àëòàå/. À â 2004 ãîäó âûñòóïèëà ñî ñâîèì âòîðûì ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíûì êîíöåðòîì ñâîèõ ïðîèçâåäåíèé, êîòîðîå íàçâàëà “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé” / Ïàðî÷êà áàáî÷åê/.  ýòèõ ñâîèõ ìóçûêàëüíûõ âûñòóïëåíèÿõ ÿ èãðàëà ìóçûêó äëÿ ÿòãà. À îñîáåííîñòüþ ìîåãî íåäàâíåãî ñîëüíîãî êîíöåðòà “Õàòàí ÿòãà” ÿâëÿåòñÿ òî, ÷òî â ïåðâîì îòäåëåíèè ìîåãî âûñòóïëåíèÿ ÿ èãðàëà ïðîôåññèîíàëüíóþ êëàññè÷åñêóþ íàðîäíóþ ìóçûêó äëÿ ÿòãà, à âî âòîðîì îòäåëåíèè ñûãðàëà ëåãêóþ âåñåëóþ ìóçûêó, îáðàùåííóþ ê äåòÿì è ìîëîäåæè Ìîíãîëèè. Íà ÿòãà ìîæíî èãðàòü ëþáóþ ìóçûêó, äàæå ìèðîâûõ êëàññèêîâ. Íàïðèìåð, ÿ ïîêàçàëà, ÷òî ìîæíî èãðàòü íà ÿòãà ëåãêóþ òàíöåâàëüíóþ ìóçûêó. À íàçâàëà ñâîå âûñòóïëåíèå “Õàòàí ÿòãà” ïîòîìó, ÷òî ÿòãà ñàì ïî ñåáå ÿâëÿëñÿ ìóçûêàëüíûì èíñòðóìåíòîì, íåáåñíàÿ ìóçûêà êîòîðîé îáîæåñòâëÿëàñü è ïî÷èòàëàñü â ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ðåçèäåíöèè Âåëèêèõ Ìîíãîëüñêèõ õàíîâ, è ÿ, ãëóáîêî ïî÷èòàÿ ýòî áîæåñòâåííîå íà÷àëî ìóçûêè ÿòãà, íàçâàëà ñâîå âûñòóïëåíèå “Õàòàí ÿòãà” /Êîðîëåâà ÿòãà/. -Âû, âûáèðàÿ êîñòþìû äëÿ ñâîåãî âûñòóïëåíèÿ, ñòàðàåòåñü ñî÷åòàòü èõ ñî ñâîåé ìóçûêîé? Èëè, ðàç ÿòãà ÿâëÿåòñÿ Êîðîëåâîé ÿòãà, âû â ýòîì ñìûñëå îäåâàåòåñü êàê Êîðîëåâà-õàòóí? -Êîíå÷íî, ÿ ñòàðàþñü ñî÷åòàòü ñâîè êîñòþìû ñ ìóçûêîé ïðîèçâåäåíèé. ß íåäàâíî äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ñûãðàòü î÷åíü ñèëüíóþ è ýìîöèîíàëüíóþ ìóçûêó ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ “Êîíöåðòíàÿ ðàïñîäèÿ”, íàïèñàííóþ ìîëîäûì êîìïîçèòîðîì Õ.Ìóíõ-Åðòîíö, çàêàçàëà ñâîé êîñòþì ó ìîäåëüåðà-äèçàéíåðà ìîäåëüíîãî ñàëîíà “Øèëìýë çàãâàð” Öîîãèé. È îíà ñîçäàëà êîñòþì, êîòîðûé î÷åíü ïîäõîäèë âíóòðåííåìó ñìûñëó è ñîäåðæàíèþ ýòîãî ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ, ñäåëàâ ïðåêðàñíóþ îïóøêó-âîðîòíèê ê ãîëîâå ïàâëèíà è îíà ïðåäñòàëà â âèäå ïòèöû-âåòðà, ðàñïðîñòåðøåé ñâîè êðûëüÿ â ñòðåìèòåëüíîì ïîëåòå. -Ãîâîðÿò, ÷òî âàø ìóæ Ãàíïóðýâ ïèøåò ìóçûêó äëÿ ñâîåãî àíñàìáëÿ. Ðàññêàæèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, îá ýòîì? -ß ðàáîòàþ âìåñòå ñî ñâîèì ìóæåì ñî äíÿ îñíîâàíèÿ íàøåãî ôîëüêëîðíîãî àíñàìáëÿ “Áîðòý”. Ìóçûêàíò äîëæåí äàòü æèçíü òîìó ïðîèçâåäåíèþ, êîòîðûé ðîæäàåòñÿ â òåáå, â òâîåé âíóòðåííåé âñåëåííîé, è äîëæåí ïîñâÿòèòü âåñü ñâîé óì, òàëàíò è ñèëû äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû âûðàçèòü â ìóçûêå òî, ÷òî ðîæäàåòñÿ â ñàìîì òåáå. Îí ñàì äîâîäèò åå äî ñîâåðøåíñòâà è ñàì æå ñòàâèò åå. Ãàíïóðýâ âñåãäà â íîâîì ïîèñêå. Ó íåãî î÷åíü ñâîåîáðàçíàÿ íàòóðà ñî ñâîèì îñîáåííûì ìûøëåíèåì. Ìû ìóæ è æåíà, è ïîýòîìó áûâàåò ðàäîñòíî íà äóøå ó íàñ, êîãäà ìû äåëèìñÿ ìûñëÿìè è ïðåäëîæåíèÿìè â ñâîåì ñîâìåñòíîì òâîð÷åñòâå. Îí âåäü ÿâëÿåòñÿ ðóêîâîäèòåëåì íàøåãî àíñàìáëÿ. À ÷òî êàñàåòñÿ ìåíÿ, ñàìîé, òî îí ñàìûé âåðíûé ñîâåò÷èê äëÿ ìåíÿ. Òàêæå, ìîæíî ñêàçàòü, ÷òî îí ÿâëÿåòñÿ ìîèì ó÷èòåëåì. - ïîñëåäíåå âðåìÿ â Ìîíãîëèè ïîÿâèëîñü íåìàëî ôîëüêëîðíûõ àíñàìáëåé. ×åì îòëè÷àåòñÿ àíñàìáëü “Áîðòý” îò äðóãèõ ôîëüêëîðíûõ àíñàìáëåé? -Ôîëüêëîðíûå àíñàìáëè íàöèîíàëüíîãî íàðîäíîãî èñêóññòâà Ìîíãîëèè ðàçäåëÿþò ïî ìóçûêàëüíûì íàïðàâëåíèÿì. Íàø àíñàìáëü “Áîðòý” ðàáîòàåò â òàêèõ íàïðàâëåíèÿõ â ñâîåì ìóçûêàëüíîì òâîð÷åñòâå, êàê ýòíè÷åñêîå íàïðàâëåíèå, äæàç, ñîâðåìåííàÿ ìóçûêà. Íàø àíñàìáëü â 1998 ãîäó èãðàë ýòíè÷åñêóþ ìóçûêó è äæàç. Ýòèì ìû îòëè÷àåìñÿ îò äðóãèõ ôîëüêëîðíûõ àíñàìáëåé. Àíñàìáëü “Áîðòý” çà òî, ÷òî âíåñ â íàðîäíóþ ìóçûêó íîâûé ñòèëü è íîâîå íàïðàâëåíèå â ìóçûêå, áûë íàãðàæäåí ïðåìèåé “Ãîî ìàðàë” 2010 ãîäà. Ïîëó÷åíèåì ýòîé ïðåñòèæíîé íàãðàäû íàø àíñàìáëü “Áîðòý” 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 23 ÓÐËÀà SKY TEAM àñóóãààä, ¿çýýä ãàéõäàã. Çàðèì îðíû àðäûí óðëàã, ñî¸ë óëñ ¿íäýñòýíäýý óóññàí áàéíà. Ãýòýë ìîíãîëûí ÿçãóóð óðëàã õààíà ÷ ìîíãîëûíõ ãýäýã íü òîäîðõîé ñîíñîãääîã. Õ¿íèé íóòàãò àðäûí óðëàãàà ñóðòàë÷ëààä ÿâàõàä áàõàðõààä áàõàðõààä õàíàøã¿é. ªâºã äýýäñèéí ¿ëäýýñýí ãàéõàìøèãòàé àãóó èõ ñî¸ë óðëàã õààíà ÷ ÿíäàøã¿é, òýðã¿¿í çýðýãò ÿâæ áàéíà. -“Õîñ ýðâýýõýé” õºãæìèéã Ãîí êîíãûí õºãæìèéí õèéë÷èä ìàø ÷àäâàðëàã õºãæèìääºã þì áèëýý. Ãýõäýý Ìîíãîëîîñ ººðºº àíõ óäàà ýíý õºãæìèéí çîõèîëûã ÿòãàí äýýð õºãæèìäñºí þì óó? ßàãààä “Õîñ ýðâýýõýéã” ñîíãîâ? -2004 îíä “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé” íýðòýé áèå äààñàí õî¸ð äàõü òîãëîëòîî õèéñýí. Ýíý òîãëîëòîíä õàìãèéí ÷àäâàð øààðäñàí á¿òýýë íü “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé” áàéñàí ó÷èð èéí íýðëýñýí. Ýíý á¿òýýëèéã òîãëîõîä áàðàã õàãàñ öàã çàðöóóëàí ãýýä îéëãîõîä áîëíî. ¯¿íèéã ÿòãàí äýýð ñèìôîíè îðêåñòîðòîé õàìòàð÷ àíõ óäàà òîãëîæ áàéëàà. Ãýõäýý ýíý õºãæìèéí çîõèîë áîë á¿òýëã¿é õàéð äóðëàëûí òóõàé äîìîã þì. Õÿòàäàä ñ¿ì õèéä ð¿¿ ýìýãòýé õ¿í ÿâäàãã¿é. Õÿòàäóóä ýíý õºãæìèéí çîõèîëîîð äóóðü áîëãîñîí, êèíî áîëãîîä õèé÷èõñýí, õºãæèì÷èí áîëãîí ïèáà, õóó÷èð, øàíç, õèéë çýðýã á¿õ õºãæèì äýýðýý òîãëîñîí áàéäàã. Ìîíãîëä ÓÃÇ Í.Á¿òýíáàÿð óäèðäàà÷èéí ýýæ àëäàðòàé õèéë÷, õóó÷èð÷ Ä.Öýðýíäîëãîð ãóàé “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé”-ã àíõ óäàà 1963 îíä ÁÍÕÀÓûí Áýýæèí, Øàíõàé õîòîä ñèìôîíè íàéðàë õºãæèìòýé òîãëîæ îëíûã áèøð¿¿ëñýí ãýæ ÿðüäàã. Õÿòàäûí ¿çýã÷èä èõ ãàéõàìøèãòàé õ¿ëýýæ àâñàí ãýäýã. Áàãø ìèíü àíõ “Áè îëîí “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé”-í íîòûã õàäãàëñàí. Ýíý íîòûã ÷è àâ÷ äèïëîìûí àæèë äýýðýý òîãëî. Õýðâýý òîãëîõã¿é ãýâýë áè õàäãàëàõ øààðäëàãà àëãà” ãýñíýýð ýíý á¿òýýëèéí àðä íü ãàð÷ áàéñàí ò¿¿õòýé. Áàãøààñàà àâñàí ýíý àãóó õºãæìèéí á¿òýýëä áè äóðëàæ áàéñàí. Õºãæèì÷íèé äîòîîä åðòºíöèéã æèæèãõýí ºí㺺ð ÷ ãýñýí èëýðõèéëäýã õºãæìèéí çîõèîë ë äîî. Ò¿¿íèé äàðààõè òîì á¿òýýë áîë Ðîäðèãîãèéí ãèòàðûí “Àðàíæóåñ” êîíöåðò. Ýíý êîíöåðòûã äàíäàà ìóíäàã ãèòàð÷èä òîãëîäîã. Ãóðâàí àíãè ýíýõ¿¿ êîíöåðò 30-ààä ìèíóò ¿ðãýëæèëäýã. Ýíý êîíöåðòèéí 2-ð àíãèéã ñîíñîõîä 24 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 åðòºíöººñ òàñðààä ÿâäàã. Èñïàíèéí õàòàí õààíä çîðèóëæ áè÷ñýí çîõèîë ãýäýã. Áè êîíöåðòèéí 2-ð àíãèéã ÄÁÝÒ-ûí ñèìôîíè íàéðàë õºãæèìòýé òîãëîñîí. -ßòãàà õºãæèìäºæ áàéõäàà í¿äýý àíüæ, ãàðàà á¿æèãëýæ áàéãàà þì øèã õºäºëãºæ áàéñàí? -ßã ë õºãæèì ð¿¿ãýý óóñ÷ îðæ áàéãàà þì ë äàà. Óäààí ãóíèãòàé, óÿíãàëàã àÿëãóóã ñýòãýë ç¿ðõýýðýý ìýäýð÷ õºãæèìääºã. ßòãàà õºãæèìäºæ áàéõäàà äîòîîä ìýäðýìæ ìààíü ìèíèé ãàðûí õºäºë㺺í, í¿¿ð õàðöíû áàéäëààð èëýð÷ áàéãàà áîëîâ óó ãýæ áîäîæ áàéíà. Áàãøäàà çîðèóëñàí á¿òýýëýý òîãëîõîä ìèíèé í¿äýíä òýð ñàéõàí èíýýìñýãëýñýí, òýð ñàéõàí õàëóóí äóëààí ýíåðãèý ºã÷ áàéãàà, íàìàéã õºãæèì÷èí áîëãîõîä àñàð èõ õóãàöàà çàðöóóëæ áàéñàí ¿å, õýëæ áàéñàí ¿ã çýðýã íü ñýòãýë ç¿ðõýíä ä¿ðñëýãäýí ¿ëäñýí áàéäàã. Ýð÷ õ¿÷òýé çîõèîë õºãæèìäºõºä îãò ìýäðýìæ òºðäºã. ªºðèéí ýðõã¿é îìîãøèæ, ç¿ðõ õººð÷, áàÿñäàã. Åâðîïò òîãëîæ áàéõàä çàðèì ¿çýã÷èä òàíû ãàð èõ ãî¸ á¿æèãëýýä áàéãàà þì øèã ñàíàãäààä áàéíà ãýæ áàéñàí. -ªºðèéã òàíü ÿòãûí óðëàãò øèíý÷ëýëò õèéñýí ãýæ ºðãºìæèëñºí. Ýíý ¿íýëýìæèéã àâàõ þó õèéñýí þì áý ãýæ àñóóõ õ¿í áàéæ ìàãàäã¿é? -Õºãæìèéã áàéãààãààð òîãëîõ ãýäýã íýã àñóóäàë. Ãýòýë ººðèéíõºº í¿äýýð, ººðèéíõºº åðòºíöººð áàÿ æóóëæ, ÿàãààä èéì áàéæ áîëîõã¿é ãýæ áîäîæ, òîãëîæ ÷àäñàí ìèíü ¿íýëýãäñýí þì áîëîâ óó. ßòãûí áàãø Ç.Íàðàíòóÿàäàà çîðèóëæ áè÷ñýí “Äóðñàìæ” õºãæìèéí çîõèîëä ÿòãàíû ýõíèé øèíý÷ëýë ãàð÷ èðñýí. ßòãûí äîîä òàëûí õºãã¿é óòñûã ÿìàð íýãýí õèéñâýð îðîí çàé ¿¿ñãýæ äóóãàðãàæ òîãëîõ, ýñã¿ë óòàñûã ÷èìõýæ, íèñãýæ øóâòàð÷ òîãëîõ, àëãààðàà èëæ äóó øóóì ãàðãàõ, ÿíç á¿ðèéí ýôåêò¿¿ä ¿¿ñãýõ, íóìààð õºðººäºæ, òºìºð õóðóóâ÷ õèéæ òîãëîõ çýðýã ÿíç á¿ðèéí àðãà òåõíèêèéã íýýæ ãàðãàæ èðñýí. -Àçèéí ÿòãûí õàòàí õààí ãýäýã öîëûã õààíààñ ºðãºìæèëñºí þì áý? -Íàäàä ãàðäààä ºãñºí øàãíàë áèø ø¿¿ äýý. Ìàëàéçàä õºãæèì ñóäëàà÷èä, ø¿¿ìæëýã÷äèéí ôåñòèâàëü áîëñîí þì. Ýíý ôåñòèâàëüä áè ÿòãààð ãîöîëñîíûã îëîí õ¿ì¿¿ñ ¿çñýí. Ìàðãààøíààñ íü ýõëýýä Ìàëàéçûí õýâëýë, ìýäýýëëýýð “ßòãûí õàòàí õààí” ãýñýí íèéòëýë ãàðñàí þì. Ãàäààä, äîòîîäûí óðëàã ñóäëàà÷, ø¿¿ìæëýã÷äýýñ íàìàéã õºãæèì÷íèé õóâüä ¿íýëñýí ¿íýëýìæ áàéñàí ãýæ áîäîæ áàéãàà. ïîäòâåðäèë òî, ÷òî îí ïðèíåñ â íàðîäíóþ ìóçûêó îáíîâëåíèå. Íåêîòîðûå àíñàìáëè âûñòóïàþò, áåðÿ çà îñíîâó òåìó íàøèõ ïðîèçâåäåíèé, ïîýòîìó, ìîæíî ñêàçàòü, ÷òî ïî÷òè âñå ñòàíîâÿòñÿ ïîõîæèìè äðóã íà äðóãà. Íî íåëüçÿ ñìåøèâàòü ñ íèìè àíñàìáëü “Àëòàí óðàã”. Îí èçíà÷àëüíî èãðàåò â ñòèëå Ôîëê Ðîê è ìû î÷åíü óâàæàåì ýòîò àíñàìáëü. -Âû â êàêèõ ñòðàíàõ èãðàëè ñâîè ñîëüíûå êîíöåðòû íà íàöèîíàëüíîì ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå ÿòãà? - áîëüøèíñòâå ñâîåì ÿ èãðàëà ñâîè ñîëüíûå êîíöåðòû â åâðîïåéñêèõ ñòðàíàõ. Òàêæå ÿ âûñòóïàëà â Àìåðèêå, Êàíàäå. Ìîå ïåðâîå çàðóáåæíîå ìóçûêàëüíîå òóðíå ñîñòîÿëîñü, êîãäà ÿ åùå ó÷èëàñü â Êîëëåäæå ìóçûêè è òàíöà. Òîãäà ÿ ïðèíèìàëà ó÷àñòèå â Äåòñêîì ôåñòèâàëå ìóçûêè, êîòîðîå ñîñòîÿëîñü âî Ôðàíöèè â 1993 ãîäó. Ïîñëå ýòîãî ÿ, òîëüêîòîëüêî îêîí÷èâ Êîëëåäæ, âìåñòå ñ èçâåñòíûìè ïåâöàìè è ìóçûêàíòàìè òàêèìè, êàê Íîðîâáàíçàä, íàðîäíûé àðòèñò Ìîíãîëèè Ö.Áàò÷óëóóí-áàãøà, Ø.×èìýäöýåý, ÿ íà ðàâíûõ åçäèëà íà ãàñòðîëè çà ãðàíèöó. È, íà÷èíàÿ ñ ýòîãî âðåìåíè, ÿ ñòàëà ïîñòîÿííî åçäèòü çà ãðàíèöó íà ãàñòðîëè. È âîò ñ 1996 ãîäà ÿ, îêîí÷àòåëüíî îáîñíîâàâøèñü â Ãåðìàíèè, ÿ îáúåçäèëà ñî ñâîèìè êîíöåðòàìè ïî÷òè âñþ Åâðîïó. Íå îñòàëîñü ïî÷òè ìåñò â Åâðîïå, ãäå áû ÿ íå ïîáûâàëà. Ïîçæå ÿ ïîáûâàëà ñ ãàñòðîëÿìè âî ìíîãèõ äðóãèõ ñòðàíàõ, êàê Ìàëàéçèÿ, Ãîíêîíã, Êèòàé. -Êàêèå çàðóáåæíûå è ìîíãîëüñêèå êëàññè÷åñêèå ìóçûêàëüíûå ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ âû èãðàëè íà ìåæäóíàðîäíîé ñöåíå? -Áûëî î÷åíü ìíîãî ìóçûêàëüíûõ êîíöåðòîâ, ãäå ÿ èãðàëà çàðóáåæíûå è ìîíãîëüñêèå êëàññè÷åñêèå ìóçûêàëüíûå ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ. ß íà êîíöåðòå “Õàòàí ÿòãà” ñûãðàëà íà ïàðíîì ÿòãà ìóçûêàëüíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå êîìïîçèòîðà Á.Øàðàâà “Âàðèàöèè”. Çà èñïîëíåíèå ïðîèçâåäåíèé êîìïîçèòîðà Ö.×èíçîðèãà è Á.Ìóíõáîëäà íà êîíöåðòå “Àëòàí íàìàð” /Çîëîòàÿ îñåíü/ ÿ ïîëó÷èëà ïåðâûé ïðèç. ß èïîëíÿëà ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ êîìïîçèòîðà Õ.Àëòàíãýðýëà, íàïèñàííûå ñïåöèàëüíî äëÿ ÿòãà, ñîñòîÿùåå èç òðåõ îòäåëåíèé, “Êîíöåðòíóþ ðàïñîäèþ” äëÿ ÿòãà, íàïèñàííóþ Õ.Ìóíõ-Åðòîíöåì. À òàêæå åñòü ïðîèçâåäåíèå “Õîñ ýðâýýõýé” / Ïàðî÷êà áàáî÷åê/, íàïèñàííûå èçâåñòíûì êèòàéñêèì êîìïîçèòîðîì Õî Æàí Õàî è ×åí Êàí äëÿ ñêðèïêè è ñèìôîíè÷åñêîãî îðêåñòðà. Ýòî ãåíèàëüíîå ìóçûêàëüíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå î÷åíü îáðàçíîå, èìååò áîëüøóþ âíóòðåííþþ ôèëîñîôèþ. Ýòî ïðîèçâåäåíèå, ìîæíî ñêàçàòü, íàó÷èëî ìåíÿ òîíêîìó âîñïðèÿòèþ ïðåêðàñíîãî è ïîìîãëà ïîíÿòü è îñîçíàòü ìóçûêó. ß ñûãðàëà ñ ÷åòûðüìÿ áîëüøèìè îðêåñòðàìè Åâðîïû 25-ìèíóòíûé êîíöåðò, íàïèñàííûé Ëàóðåàòîì Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ïðåìèè Ìîíãîëèè, êîìïîçèòîðîì Í.Æàíöàííîðîâûì äëÿ ÿòãà è ñèìôîíè÷åñêîãî îðêåñòðà. Åâðîïåéöû ñèëüíî óäèâëÿëèñü òîìó, ÷òî ÿ ñûãðàëà ýòî ïðîèçâåäåíèå, íå ñîêðàùàÿ íè îäíîé íîòû è íè îäíîé ìèíóòû. Åâðîïåéöû ñ÷èòàþò, ÷òî ìîíãîëû íå çíàþò íîòû è ÷òî îíè íå îòîøëè îò êóëüòóðû è áûòà êî÷åâíèêîâ. È ìîå âûñòóïëåíèå ïîêàçàëî, ÷òî ðàçâèòèå èñêóññòâà è êóëüòóðû ìîíãîëîâ íå îòñòàëî îò åâðîïåéöåâ. Èãðàòü ïåðåä êðóïíûìè ñåäîâëàñûìè ïðîôåññîðàìè ñîëüíûé êîíöåðò íà ÿòãà – ýòî î÷åíü áîëüøàÿ îòâåòñòâåííîñòü. Îíè ïîñëå ìîåãî âûñòóïëåíèÿ ñïðîñèëè ìåíÿ: “À ó âàñ èìåþòñÿ íîòû?”. È êîãäà ÿ ïîêàçàëà ñâîè íîòû, îíè óäèâëÿëèñü ýòîìó. Íàðîäíîå èñêóññòâî, êóëüòóðà íåêîòîðûõ ñòðàí ïîëíîñòüþ áåç îñòàòêà ðàñòâîðÿåòñÿ â ãîñóäàðñòâå è íàðîäàõ. Íî ìîíãîëüñêîå íàðîäíîå èñêóññòâî âñåãäà è âåçäå îñòàåòñÿ íàøèì ìîíãîëüñêèì èñêóññòâîì è åãî âñåãäà ìîæíî óçíàòü, ïîíÿòü êàê ìîíãîëüñêîå. Åñëè áû ÿ îñòàëàñü íà ðîäèíå, òî íå îñîçíàëà áû ýòîãî. È ïðîñòî çàíèìàëàñü áû ñâîèì äåëîì, äóìàÿ, ÷òî òàê è äîëæíî áûòü. È ÿ, íàõîäÿñü íà ÷óæáèíå è ïðîïàãàíäèðóÿ íàðîäíîå èñêóññòâî Ìîíãîëèè, ÿ âñå âðåìÿ âîñõèùàþñü è î÷åíü ãîðæóñü èñêóññòâîì è êóëüòóðîé ñâîåãî íàðîäà. Óäèâèòåëüíàÿ âåëèêàÿ êóëüòóðà è èñêóññòâî, îñòàâëåííîå íàì â íàñëåäñòâî íàøèìè ïðåäêàìè, íèêîãäà íå èñ÷åçíåò è âñåãäà áóäåò âïåðåäè âñåõ, âñåõ íàðîäîâ. Äâà ãîäà íàçàä ÿ ïðèíèìàëà ó÷àñòèå â Ìåæäóíàðîäíîì ìóçûêàëüíîì ôåñòèâàëå ñòðàí Åâðîàçèè, êîòîðîå ñîñòîÿëîñü â ãîðîäå Óëàí-Óäý. È òàì ñïåöèàëüíî äëÿ ìåíÿ ïðåïîäíåñëè ïî÷åòíóþ íàãðàäó.  ýòîì ôåñòèâàëå ïðèíÿëè ó÷àñòèå î÷åíü ìíîãî òâîð÷åñêèõ ðàáîòíèêîâ èç Òàéâàíÿ, ßïîíèè, Âíóòðåííåé Ìîíãîëèè Êèòàÿ, Áóðÿòèè, Ðîññèè, Øâåöèè, Ìîíãîëèè. À â 2008 ãîäó â ïåðâîì ãîñóäàðñòâåííîì Êîíêóðñå íàöèîíàëüíîé ìóçûêè èì. èçâåñòíîãî êîìïîçèòîðà Ë.Ìóðäîðæà ÿ çàâîåâàëà Ãðàí-ïðè. Ýòî ìîÿ ñàìàÿ áîëüøàÿ íàãðàäà. Íî â Ìàëàéçèè ñîñòîÿëñÿ Ôåñòèâàëü, â êîòîðîì ïðèíèìàëè ó÷àñòèå èññëåäîâàòåëè è ìóçûêàëüíûå êðèòèêè. Íà ýòîì Ôåñòèâàëå ÿ ïðèíèìàëà ó÷àñòèå ñî ñâîèì ñîëüíûì êîíöåðòîì íà ÿòãà, êîòîðûé ïîñìîòðåëè ìíîãî ëþäåé. À íàçàâòðà â ÑÌÈ Ìàëàéçèè áûëà âûïóùåíà ãàçåòíàÿ ïóáëèêàöèÿ ïîä íàçâàíèåì “Êîðîëåâà ÿòãà”. È ýòî çâàíèå, êàê ÿ äóìàþ, ÿâëÿåòñÿ âûñîêîé îöåíêîé ìåíÿ çàðóáåæíûìè è ìåñòíûìè èññëåäîâàòåëÿìè è êðèòèêàìè, êàê ìóçûêàíòà. -Âû ñåãîäíÿ ïðåïîäàåòå â Óëààíáààòàðñêîì Êîëëåäæå ïåñíè è òàíöà. Ðàññêàæèòå, ïîæàëóéñòà, î ñâîåì Êîëëåäæå? -ß, íà÷èíàÿ ñ ïðîøëîé îñåíè, ïðåïîäàþ èãðó íà ìóçûêàëüíîì èíñòðóìåíòå ÿòãà. Íàáëþäàÿ çà ñâîèìè ó÷åíèêàìè, ÿ çàìå÷àþ, ÷òî îíè âíóòðåííå î÷åíü èçìåíèëèñü ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ íàøèì ïîêîëåíèåì.  ñåãîäíÿøíåå âðåìÿ ñîâðåìåííîé òåõíîëîãèè ÿ âèæó êàê ñòðåìèòåëüíî èäåò ðàçâèòèå ìóçûêàëüíûõ èíñòðóìåíòîâ.  íàøå âðåìÿ ó íàñ íå áûëî âîçìîæíîñòè âõîäèòü âîò çàïðîñòî, êàê ñåãîäíÿ, â Èíòåðíýò è ïîëó÷àòü ñîîòâåòñòâóþùóþ èíôîðìàöèþ. Ñåãîäíÿ â ýïîõó òåõíè÷åñêîé èíôîðìàöèè Èíòåðíýò ñòàë ãîðàçäî áëèæå ê íàì è íàøà ìîëîäåæü ïîëó÷èëà âîçìîæíîñòü ïîëó÷àòü íóæíóþ èíôîðìàöèþ. Êîãäà ÿ ãîâîðþ ñâîåìó ó÷åíèêó “Òû ñäåëàé òàêîå-òî ìóçûêàëüíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå”, îí âõîäèò â Èíòåðíýò è, ñëóøàÿ ìóçûêó, çàïèñûâàåò òðåáóåìîå ìíå ìóçûêàëüíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå. Ó íàñ ìíîãî òàëàíòëèâûõ óìåëûõ ìóçûêàíòîâÿòãà÷èí. Íåäàâíî 19-23 àïðåëÿ ìû ïîåõàëè â Êèòàé, ãäå âûñòóïèëè íà êîíöåðòå â òåàòðå “Øóâóóíû óóð”, îðãàíèçîâàííîì â ÷åñòü îòêðûòèÿ Ìàëîé Îëèìïèàäû. Ýòî âûñòóïëåíèå íàøèõ ó÷åíèêîâ îðãàíèçîâàëè ðóêîâîäñòâî Êîëëåäæà ìóçûêè è òàíöà è ïîñîëüñòâî Ìîíãîëèè â Êèòàå. À íàøèìè ñïîíñîðàìè ÿâëÿëèñü êîìïàíèè “Îþó òîëãîé” è “Ýðäýíýò”. È íàøà øêîëüíàÿ êîìàíäà â ñîñòàâå 30-40 ÷åëîâåê âûñòóïèëà ñ óäèâèòåëüíûì êîíöåðòîì â Ïåêèíå, ïðèâåäÿ â ïîëíûé âîñòîðã è âîñõèùåíèå çðèòåëåé è ó÷àñòíèêîâ Ìàëîé Îëèìïèàäû. È ÿ î÷åíü ãîðäà òåì, ÷òî íàø Êîëëåäæ ãîòîâèò òàêèõ òàëàíòëèâûõ è òàêèõ óìåëûõ òâîð÷åñêèõ ðàáîòíèêîâ. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 25 10 1 7 2012 îí 1 5 “Best trips” áóþó àÿëàë õèéõ îíöãîé òîõèðîìæòîé ãàçðóóäàä Õºâñãºë íóóð îðæýý 1 2 26 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 6 9 1 8 1 13 “National geographic” ñýòã¿¿ëýýñ “Best trips” áóþó àÿëàë õèéõ îíöãîé òîõèðîìæòîé ãàçðóóäûã íýðëýæýý. Koh Lipe-Òºãñ äàëàéí ýðýã ªìíºä Àíäàìàí òýíãèñèéí Koh Lipe ýðýã íü ñàÿõàíààñ äàëàéí ýðýãò äóðëàãñäûí ñîíãîëò áîëîîä áàéãàà À çýðýãëýëèéí äèâààæèí. Ǻâõºí çàâèàð î÷èõ áîëîìæòîé. Õàëóóí îðíû çàãàñíû 25 îð÷èì õóâü íü ýðýã îð÷èìä áàéäàã ó÷èð çàãàñ÷äûí àíõààðëûã ãîéä òàòàæ áàéíà. Ýíä ìºí Ðàðóìà ¿íäýñíèé óñàí õ¿ðýýëýí áèé./çóðàã îðîîã¿é/ 2.Õîéä Êîëóìá Òàéðîíà ¿íäýñíèé ïàðêèéí ãàéõàëòàé äàëàéí ýðã¿¿ä Õîéä Êîëóìáûí ¿çýñãýëýíò ãàçðûí íýã þì. 3.Viringà ãàëò óóëñ Àôðèêèéí íîãîîí áàñ õàëóóí ç¿ðõ Viringa ãàëò óóëñ íü åðòºíö äýýðõ õàìãèéí èë îðøèæ áóé ãàëò óóë þì. Óãàíäà, Êîíãî, Ðâàíäà óëñûí õèëèéã äàìæèí îðøèõ ãèíæèí õýëõýýòýé íàéìàí ãàëò óóë íü äýëõèéí õàìãèéí èäýâõèòýé óóëñ þì. Ýíõ¿¿ óóëàíä ãîðèëë, øåìïàíçå, çààí áîëîí áóñàä çýðëýã àìüòàä ýëáýã áàéäàã. 4.Costa brava-Èñïàíèéí Á¿òýýë÷ ýðýã 5.Muskoko Ontario Òîðîíòî õîòîîñ õî¸ðõîí öàã ÿâààä ìîäîí áàéøèíãèéí õîò Ìóñêàêîä õ¿ðíý. Òýíäýõèéí îðøèí ñóóã÷èä áàéãàëèéí îíãîí òºðõèéã õàäãàëàí ¿åèéí ¿åä àìüäàðñààð èðæýý. 2500 ìèëë àì òàëáàéä îðøèõ 17 õîò, òîñãîí áàéõ áà òîéìã¿é îëîí õ¿ðõðýý, íóóð áèé. 6.Ëîíäîí-Õóðäàí, ºíäºð, õ¿÷èðõýã Îëèìï áîëæ áóé Ëîíäîí õîò. 7.Oman-Òàíñàã ¿íýðò áàÿíá¿ðä 8.Õºâñãºë Òºâ Àçèéí ç¿ðõ Öýíãýã óñíû ãàéõàìøèã. Îíãîí çýðëýã áàéãàëèéí ñ¿ðäýì òºðõèéã õàðüÿ ãýâýë Ìîíãîëûí õîéä õýñýã, Ñèáèðèéí èõ òàéãûí ¿ðãýëæëæýë Õºâñãºëä î÷îîðîé. ̺íõ öàñò óóë, õàëóóí õ¿éòýí ðàøààí ãýýä ñîíèðõîë òàòàì á¿õýí áèé. ̺í òýíä Ẻãèéí ø¿òëýãòýé öààòíóóä àæ òºðäºã 9.Over Macchu Picchy,Peru. 10.Pettsburgh 11.Greece. 12.Panama. 13 New Zealand 1 1 3 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 27 11 12 ÆÓÓË×ÈÍ SKY TEAM "What is outside the world, daddy?" "Space, my child." "But what is outside space then?" THE fascination of the unknown, a deep love of the picturesque, and inherent desire to revert awhile to the primitive – these were probably some of the factors that made a little tour in Mongolia so essentially desirable to me at a period when, instead of turning my face homewards, I merely felt the compelling desire for more. The remark, "Such a pity you did not come here before the old order of things passed away," had assailed my ears like minute-guns throughout my eighteen months in China, and here in Mongolia was at last an opportunity of meeting with mediævalism untouched. The most delightful, and by far the most interesting, expedition that lures the traveller for a couple of days from the gaiety of life in Peking, is that which leads him out to the Ming tombs and a little farther on to meditate upon change and decay from the summit of the Great Wall. The Great Wall may well have been the ultimate goal of all his wanderings in China, a goal indeed at which to pause and reflect upon all he has learned and seen through the months spent in journeying up from the turbulent south to the heart of China in the north. But even so it is a little disappointing upon arriving at the Nank'ou Pass to be informed that this, impressive though it be, is merely a relatively modern branch of the Great Wall itself, added no less than 1700 years later to the original construction. To see the real Great Wall then, the wall that has withstood the ravages both of Huns and Tartars, the wall that played 28 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 a not unimportant part in warfare two centuries before the Christian era – this furnished me at least with an excuse to get away to Kalgan; and in a visit to Kalgan, the starting-point for the historic caravans which penetrate the desert, across which prior to the existence of the Trans-Siberian railway all merchandise passed to the north, I foresaw the germ which might, with a little luck, blossom out into a little expedition across the frontier. At Dr. Morrison's hospitable board, to which drift inevitably those travellers who want something more than the social round and the sights provided for the globe trotter in Peking, I was fortunate in meeting a couple of Norwegian missionaries who were good enough to make arrangements for me to stay in their compound at Kalgan. The husband, after many years' work, had abandoned the hope of converting the Mongols to Christianity, and had placed his unique knowledge of the people and of their country – doubtless in return for a handsome salary (on paper) – at the disposal of the new Chinese Government. In common with every one else to whom I mentioned my project of travelling in Mongolia, these good people did their best to put me off, but finally, seeing that I intended to carry out my idea willy-nilly, they helped me in making my plans, engaged the Chinese who accompanied me, and lent me the various accessories of camp life, etc., in the most generous manner possible. For some weeks past threatenings and rumours of war had been dribbling in from various points on the Mongolian frontier. Mongol soldiers (converted robber bands) in ridiculously small numbers, but effectual, as having been armed and trained by "the Urga government," which to all intents and purposes is another name for Russian officers, were said to be marching south, "plundering everywhere and killing Chinese and Mongols without distinction". The Chinese in Peking were doubtless growing uneasy, and the following paragraph which appeared about this time in the "Peking Daily News," a Chinese-owned newspaper with an European circulation, suggests that the authorities were somewhat late in the field with their honours and encouragements for those Mongols who even now were perhaps flirting with presents of roubles from a more northern source. Already the storm was brewing past control:– "The Bureau of Mongolian and Tibetan affairs (in Peking) reports that a petition from the Shang Chia Hut'ukt'u has been received, stating that the Shang Chodba has supported the Republican cause and requesting that he be rewarded. "As Pa-yen-chi-erh-ko-la, the Shang Chodba and Dassak Da Lama, has been loyal to the Republic and is highly commendable, he is hereby permitted to sit on a Green Cart and to use Yellow Reins, as an encouragement." No very highly imaginative mind is surely necessary to conjure up a scene of wonderful picturesqueness from the foregoing. To see a beaming "Da (or great) Lama" seated upon the shafts of his new Green Cart and driving a hefty white mule with his lately acquired Yellow Reins, feeling tremendously encouraged thereby in his loyalty to China, the recently established republic of Mongolia's suzerain it was worth while, – coûte que coûte! Peking, so far as I was concerned, had more than come up to its reputation for kindness and hospitality. I had certainly put the former to the test during a short but sharp bout of illness I had encountered there, when I can only say that my room presented the appearance of a conservatory and that rarely an hour passed without some friendly "chit" of enquiry and sympathy. All the same, it had been much borne in upon me that any deviation from the narrow path to the golf links, or from the delightful picnics held in one or other of the recognised show places within hail of the Legation quarter, was looked upon with cold disfavour. Few things seem to cause a certain type of mind more annoyance than that one should care to travel on lines other than those parallel with their own. The less, I felt, that I discussed my projected plans the better. Therefore, informing merely a couple of friends who happened to be dining with me the previous evening and who, by the way, did not in the least believe me that I was off in the morning to Kalgan for a few days, I set forth for the Shih Chi Men station (the terminus of the Peking-Kalgan railway) at the break of one glorious day of April in 1913. Two 'ricshas were necessary for myself and a very modest amount of luggage, and to each 'ricsha two coolies, for the Shih Chi Men is at the extreme north-west of Peking, to gain which one has to travel diagonally across the Tartar city, skirting the rose-coloured walls of the Forbidden City through which at that time the traffic was not allowed to penetrate. The road is bad and exceedingly dusty, and being the sole European upon arriving at the station, I had the inevitable uproar with my coolies as regards payment. One of the untoward influences that we westerns seem to have exerted upon the Chinese coolie class is that they will always try to bully anyone who is at a disadvantage – a condition of affairs I never once experienced up country, off the beaten track, where I met with nothing but chivalry. The quartet followed me, shouting and yelling, on to the platform – I having taken good care not to pay them until my belongings were safely out of their hands – only to be buffeted and finally kicked out by the station officials. The journey from Peking to Kalgan has many points of interest, and I decided to break it half-way in order to pay a second visit to the tombs of the Emperors of the Ming dynasty, stopping overnight at the quaint little half-westernised hotel kept by a Chinaman at the foot of the Nank'ou Pass. There was not much choice as to the means of covering the eleven or twelve miles between Nank'ou and the tombs, and I decided in favour of the solitary pony instead of the unattractive looking mules, or the chair of the indolent which is carried on poles by four coolies. I had confidently expected to make the expedition in peaceful solitude; but not a bit of it. A pockmarked mafu, or groom, insisted upon accompanying me on foot, and it was soon evident that he set the pace not I. It was some little time too before I discovered the reason of the pony's reluctance to trot except when we came to a strip of grass – he had four very tender feet, and my way lay across extremely rough country, along the boulder-strewn beds of mountain streams and rocky little paths bordering the planted fields. The beautiful pail'ou of five arches was the first indication that we were nearing our destination, but even then there were two or three miles along the uneven and loosely flagged avenue of huge symbolical stone men and beasts, camels, horses, and lions standing in silent attendance on the spirits of the departed rulers. The tombs, temples in effect, whose golden roofs rise out from among deep green cypresses and masses of white blossom, are enclosed in many courtyards by high rose-coloured walls pierced by magnificent gateways. To the chief of these gateways I rode, followed by my mafu, and offering the customary fee of twenty cents, I proposed to enter. Seeing that I was alone, the doorkeeper, an unusually tall man even for Chihli, began a bullying argument for more money. Not wanting to waste time, I compounded finally upon something like three times the proper sum, and he opened the great doors and admitted me into the courtyard. Here amidst the most dreamily beautiful surroundings of pure white marble terraces, weathered memorial archways, steps carved in low relief and the mellowed rosecoloured walls always for background, I felt very much at peace with the world as I sat and rested in the crook of a blossom-covered tree after my hot and wearisome ride. Greatly refreshed by the beauty and stately solitude of the scene (to say nothing of a delicate little lunch which had been so thoughtfully provided for me by my excellent host of the Ching Erh hotel), I now felt inspired to explore further, and walked over the grass to the entrance of the chief temple. Dropping from the clouds (or, what seemed more likely, appearing from the nether regions) I was again confronted by the same burly janitor who rather threateningly marred my way and demanded more money. I had now not even the support of my pony boy. I had no intention of being baulked of the whole object of my long ride, neither did I mean to be bullied into paying the rascal all over again. Seeing that I was not inclined to give in, the man began to lock up the great doors, which usually stood open, when, turning as though I were going away, I made a sudden move, pushed past him, and was inside the temple. He was very angry and for the moment nonplussed, swore at me volubly, casting aspersions doubtless upon. my ancestry in true Celestial style. Quite unexpectedly, however, he stopped, and before I had time to realise his intention, he slammed to the door and turned the key in the lock. I made a desperate effort to escape, but I was too late. I was now in pitch darkness and as to when or whether he, my gaoler, intended to let me out, I did not know. I could hear him walking off and clanking his great keys triumphantly as he went down the flagged path. I was far too angry to be in the least frightened, and of all things, I had no intention of letting the ruffian think that he had scored. Recovering a little from my surprise, I groped my way about among the dusty gods and devils, thinking that probably there would be some other exit, and finally came upon a low door at the back of the high altar. This gave way to my pushing, and opened on to a narrow staircase up which I stumbled, eventually finding my way out on to the top of the open flat roof of the first story of the temple. Here at least I could see where I was. Moreover, I was in the open air, and I could solace myself with the truly lovely view of the surrounding temples and the thickly wooded country side. Not a soul was to be seen. The wretch evidently meant me to stay there until I thought better of my sins. For an hour or two I wandered about my prison, spending part of the time in speculating as to whether my gymnastic ability would enable me, with the help of friendly branches, to scale forty feet or so of rough wall and thus to escape. I decided, however, that 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 29 ÆÓÓË×ÈÍ SKY TEAM to risk a broken limb was not worth while, and that to spend a night in a temple after all would not kill me. There would probably be other visitors turning up next day. By this time the afternoon was drawing in, and the wonderful colouring around me was rendered even more beautiful by the golden haze from the setting sun, when I observed three figures walking among the trees in the garden below. They were evidently in angry altercation. These were my mafu, the burly ruffian (who was gesticulating wildly), and a well-dressed and dignified Chinese gentleman. Without losing a moment, I scrambled hastily down the dark staircase again, and arrived in the temple just as a flood of light was admitted by the door being flung open. To my astonishment, my unknown friend in need addressed me in pidgin English, "Mississee mafu talkee my one bad man shutee up Mississee. Chlist! (I am afraid that he believed this to be quite a polite expression of amazement) Chlist! What bad man!" The "bad man" was grinning nervously while all this was going on, and in order to show him unmistakably what my opinion was of his behaviour, I gave him a resounding smack on the head as he released me. Even then he had the impudence to ask me for a "cumshaw" (tip), and in order that he might not lose face among the little crowd which had collected at the outer gateway, he only laughed as he rubbed his head and listened to a tremendous dressingdown delivered by the three of us. I decided as I rode back to Nank'ou in the twilight that I would report the matter to my Legation in Peking, but later on I thought better of it. They might have said, "I told you so! " Starting early next morning, I continued my journey to Kalgan, the line – the only one in China constructed, financed, and managed by the Chinese – following the course of the Nank'ou Pass, tunnelling below the Great Wall a few miles farther on. Travelling second class, from the viewpoint of mixing with the people rather than from economical motives, the difference in 30 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 A wealthy young man, he who had asked most precarious for he always listened to it, and after looking carefully all round it, he generally smelt it as well. It was of the questions, enterhere that I really learned to appreciate the practical use of the two-inch tained me greatly during thumb-nail which one frequently sees the journey. His clothes adorning the hands of the upper-class were very beautiful, a long Chinese. My friend of the lavender coat silk-damask lavender coat, had purchased a roast duck from an itinerant vendor at a wayside station, fur-lined, surmounted by and commanded my admiration by the a handsome riding coat dexterity with which he cut up and ate it, his thumb-nail alone serving him as a in plum-coloured broché. carver. He was hungry, and he finished His great treasure seemed, that bird at a sitting. however, to be a large The scenery on the way up was unexcitsilver watch, which he kept ing until a tempestuous sunset lighted up the rugged mountains, making their pulling out in the hope that snow-covered peaks appear like flamI might be looking at him. ing watch-towers until the sun went down, and with a snap it all suddenly the price of tickets being a mere couple changed. Even in this cold weather we of dollars, I had for my sole European met hundreds of coolies travelling down companion an old Swedish missionary in open trucks, many of them equipped who told me that our fellow-travellers with motor goggles, which the dust were consumed with curiosity about storms of this part of the world render me. They assumed, to begin with, that an absolute necessity. my husband must be luxuriating in the We were two hours late at Kalgan, first-class portion of the train, and that having taken nine hours on the way among the English it was the custom to (one can hardly expect a sudden treat the wives as inferiors. Then, seeing transformation as regards punctuality the missionary and myself in conversato result from a change of government tion, they jumped to the conclusion in China), and I spent a somewhat that I was wife of the latter, and that weary time in the dimly lighted carriage I very properly only spoke to him when wondering what on earth I should do he addressed me. Finally, on this being if the missionaries failed to meet me denied, they settled down to the idea, at the station. Knowing that he would on seeing me take a large volume from be of no use should I manage to get my bag and read it (J. O. P. Bland's away to Mongolia, I had taken no "boy" absorbingly interesting "Events in China" with me, and I doubted very seriously by the way) that I was a great scholar, that my few words of Chinese would and that as such, I of course preferred carry me far in this frontier town, the simple life. That an ordinary Engwhich, I had heard, would be a babel lishwoman should travel second class of tongues, and where among 75,000 needed an explanation in their eyes. inhabitants the European population, A wealthy young man, he who had Russian and German traders all told, did asked most of the questions, enternot number more than about forty or tained me greatly during the journey. fifty. His clothes were very beautiful, a long However, no sooner had I landed on the silk-damask lavender coat, fur-lined, platform at Kalgan than a cheery voice, surmounted by a handsome riding coat unmistakably American, hailed me in a in plum-coloured broché. His great friendly manner. treasure seemed, however, to be a large After giving the required information silver watch, which he kept pulling out concerning myself and my business to in the hope that I might be looking at the courteous Chinese policeman, him. Its going capacity must have been who, notebook in hand, awaited the train for such purpose, the pleasant young missionary, guessing that I was both tired and hungry, and not in the least put out on account of waiting over two hours on the platform for my train to come in, bundled me and my belongings into a Peking cart. The latter taking up most of the room inside, I sat cross-legged on the shaft, the Chinese driver sitting hard against my back on the opposite side; my host walked alongside of us. There had been the one rain of the season on the previous day and what under normal conditions had been a foot or so of dust, was now morass, and we passed through slush that reached to the axles of our wheels. "Tuck up your feet," sang out the mis sionary as he took an unanticipated plunge into deep water from the pseudo-sidewalk; but I was prepared. This, strange to say, was my first experience of riding in a Peking cart, society in the capital having long ago voted them out-of-date and even in cold weather preferring the 'ricsha. True, I found their appearance of comfort somewhat of a delusion but their picturesque trimness I had always greatly admired. These strong, springless carts of light wood have solid axles, the ends being inlaid with a device in metal, and upon these the wheels revolve directly. The pale blue linen covers, with little windows made of black gauze on either side, all outlined with black velvet, present an attractive and cleanly appearance, as does also the heavy white leather harness with bright brass or silver buckles and ornaments, which embellishes the handsome black mule, who, at first sight, looks almost too powerful for his job. Our road lay across the river Yang through the heart of the city now, at nearly 10 o'clock, dark and silent as the grave – silent that is, save for the creaks and excruciating grindings of the wheels as the great boulders sent the cart high up on one side only to slither down into the slush on the other, the mule coming to a standstill from time to time in order to let things right themselves. The main street of Kalgan is scarcely a credit to the community. After half an hour or so of strenuous effort to keep my seat, we turned abruptly out of a narrow alley into the compound of the mission at which I was to board, and were welcomed by my hostess, a pretty girl in her early twenties, at the door of one of the two bungalows. LITTLE LAMA BOYS PLAY "TAG" ROUND THE BARRIERS That all actions of the Hut'ukt'u must of necessity be right is ingrained in the minds of his people, and taken quite literally by his adherents. That he, the re-incarnation of the sainted historian Taranatha, should openly, and I use the word advisedly, for Mongolia is a wonderful country for winking at things nominally taboo, take unto himself a wife must, even though such action is a violation of all Buddhistic principles, be right, because Bogdo can do no wrong. There are many stories rife as to the iniquities of their ruler, and one that I myself heard on good authority made him responsible for the cruel murder of a well-known Mongol official, whom he is said to have forced into drinking in his presence a cup of poisoned wine. Into Bogdo's house we did not penetrate. It would have been difficult enough under ordinary circumstances to have obtained an audience, but, as it was, the Hut'ukt'u was in a bad state of health, and moreover it was rumoured that an addition to his family was daily expected. A pleasant ride along the valley of the Tola River brought us to the confines of Bogdo's compound, and we were interested in the queer mixture of styles the house presented. Built of wood, the main part of the structure might have been an English farmhouse, but out of all character with this was the square green tower in the middle of it, and the many little Chinese turrets and pavilions with yellow-tiled roofs. The compound was surrounded by a rough fir tree fence and the place presented an untidy appearance. There was nothing to suggest the immense wealth with which Bogdo is credited, beyond the insignificant fact of a small herd of antelope inside a neighbouring compound. Far more picturesque, at a stone's throw distant, was the residence of the Choi Gin Lama, Bogdo's brother, a well-planted garden surrounding a number of small houses and a temple, all with green roofs and Tibetan in style. The general arrangements for the Ts'am Haren were carried out with great forethought and method; the discipline and general order as one event followed another would really rival the management of like festivities in the Western world. Our main difficulty was that we could seldom ascertain within a few hours as to when the performances began, and in consequence of this we were always up to time and had a good deal of waiting about. For the presentations to Bogdo great preparations were made; the approaches to the temple were well protected by southern soldiers who supplement the body-guard of the Hut'ukt'u, and the barriers around which the little lama boys played "tag," or a Mongolian form of it, fenced off great spaces across which the unwary foreigners might otherwise have cantered their horses in disrespectful light-heartedness. The Temple of the Gods, situated on the north side of the stony expanse between the Consulate and West Urga was the centre of a brilliant scene. The 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 31 ÆÓÓË×ÈÍ SKY TEAM body-guard in royal blue silk damask coats with black velvet facings outlined with silver braid, prune coloured waistcoats and pale lemon cummerbunds, formed a valiant looking band enough; their weapons were modern in type, and their clothes apart from being picturesque were, what is far rarer in the extreme East, smart, clean, and in good condition. Quite satisfied with the impression their appearance produced upon me, they showed no little keenness to be photographed. Inside the barriers the ground was lined on one side with a number of marquees, under which in deep shadow sat the Mongol mandarins, silently contemplative and out of the glare, the richness of the blue-purple and chocolate of their silken garments looking all the richer in the half light. Opposite them, at a distance of 150 yards or so, the rank and file of the lama community were herded together, squatting on the ground and standing in the back rows, thousands of them, from whom from time to time darted forth some naughty boy with the object of exchanging his seat for a better one. A mass of dull Indian red was the effect they produced, unrelieved but for the wonderful banners that had been erected on great frames of wood opposite the temple entrance. The mob was kept within bounds by angry lamas who cut at the people if they pressed forward or got out of place with sharp little switches. The faces of these men were quite diabolically hideous; their expressions evil and cruel. There is some idea, no doubt, that the uglier the face the more alarming it is. A group of high lamas in gorgeous vestments of orange and scarlet sat enveloped in their loose folds out of the sun beating down upon an archway, their hard gilded hats, in shape reminding one of the tops of raised pies, glittering where the light filtered through the roof with a metallic brilliance. The crowds are moving now, lamas and "black men" are mingled, although it is an essentially lamaistic occasion and the predominating tones range from lemon to vermilion. Final preparations are now being made, yards upon yards of Imperial yellow cloth are stretched in a golden pathway from the yourts hidden away inside an inner compound, through the 32 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 great p'ailou, under which the priests shelter from the sun, and away and beyond to the main entrance to the Temple of the Gods. The yourts behind the palisade form the robing and refreshment rooms for the Hut'ukt'u, and we note a cart drawn by a magnificent bullock pull up outside in order that the huge pots of mares' milk may be lifted from it. Bogdo is within the gates, and none but prelates and princes have access to the sacred precincts. At the portals high lamas sit, and two tall figures support the great state umbrellas of silken embroidery on either side. The heat is intense, and a row of sleepy dignitaries doze uncomfortably on the long benches under the portico. There is a drowsiness about the day, and the hum of conversation is subdued and soothing. CHURCH AND STATE: MONGOL PRINCE AND HIGH LAMA Suddenly there is a stir, and a thrill of expectation runs through all of us. A crowd of princes and mandarins and their sons hurries forth from the little tents and forms up in lines on either side of the golden pathway. Lama officials come forward and thrust lighted joss-sticks into each of the outstretched hands. Space is left between the long rows for three people to walk abreast. A look of intense eagerness, even of anxiety, spreads over the bronzed faces, for their god is but a sick man. A harsh trumpeting presages the approach of their incarnate deity; continuous and raucous. Two heralds, each holding what we suppose to be a glorified "hatag" on his upturned wrists but made of leopard's skin stuffed in the form of an elongated sausage, made their appearance. Following them are the trumpeters, first one and then the other producing a long unbroken wail from his copper and brass instrument which resembles that which I bought as a war trophy months past in Peking. A posse of lamas in robes and the mitred headdress of high ceremony, looking for all the world like a perambulating bed of nasturtiums in full bloom, precede their pontiff, who, fat, pallid, and ponderous, his diseased eyes protected by round black glasses, supported (held up, it seemed to us) by a priest on either side, walks labouringly along the yellow cloth. The bearers of the embroidered umbrellas are close upon his heels, and the crowd of privileged persons, priests, and laity, jostling each other for priority, follow in his train to the Temple of the Gods. Humbler lamas from remote corners of Mongolia stand about in little groups. They are there to watch the passing of their god. The feeling is tense. Clasped hands stretch forth in expression of profound emotion as the procession winds its way into the temple, up to the tribute throne. There is silence, save for the sound of the heavy footsteps of the central figure as he stumps over the yellow tissue covering the boarded pathway. In an ecstasy of worship the monks prostrate themselves near the threshold of the sanctuary. They have beheld him whom they would fain see: him whom they have travelled footsore and hungry so many miles, for so many weeks, to honour. They are happy. Their faces are sublime. They have reached the haven of their desire. Lined up along a wall not far from the great gateway to the temple, waiting with radiantly expectant countenances, and bearing their gifts in their hands, are some hundreds of ragged pilgrims. Fifty men of Bogdo's guard are in attendance here, ready when the time comes to marshal them into the Presence. They have been waiting since dawn, but in a state of supreme exaltation. They have drawn the lucky number amongst their fellows, and carry their offerings on trays and platters – little ornaments for the temple altars, sometimes even food have they brought to lay at the feet of their spiritual sovereign. But their turn is not yet. Precedence has been given to the princes and rich men in fine raiment, and these, holding aloft in both hands costly tribute hidden from sight in silken coverings of daffodil yellow, make a wonderful procession as the crowd opens out for them, and they pass from a blaze of sunshine into the dimly mellow light of the great temple interior. A low droning chant rises and falls from the throats of Urga's priests as the doors open and close on the bearers of treasure, gold, frankincense, and myrrh. They are so numerous that they can only be admitted in sections of a hundred or so at a time. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 33 ÆÓÓË×ÈÍ SKY TEAM Äîðíî, ºðíèéã õîëáîñîí òîðãîíû çàì 6500 êì ¿ðãýëæèëäýã. Íèéòèéí òîîëëûí ºìíºõ 220-206 îíä Õàí ã¿ðíèé ¿åä òàâèãäñàí ýíý çàìààð ãîë÷ëîí òîðãî 纺äºã áàéæýý. 114 îíä Õàí ã¿ðíèé ýë÷ Zhang Qian õîéä íóòãèéí í¿¿äýë÷èí àéìãóóäààð àÿëñíààð Òºâ Àçèàð äàéðäàã õýñýã íü áèé áîëæýý. Õÿòàä, Ýíýòõýã, Äóíäàä Àçèéí îðíóóäûí õºãæèë öýöýãëýëòýíä õóâü íýìýð îðóóëñàí óã çàìûã Ðîìûí ýçýíò ã¿ðýí, ò¿¿íèéã çàëãàìæèëñàí Èñëàìûí õààíò óëñ õÿíàëòàíäàà áàéëãàæ, 1207 îíîîñ Ìîíãîë÷óóäàä ýðõ ìýäëýý àëäæýý. Ìîíãîëûí ýçýíò ã¿ðíèé õààä óã çàìûã 1360 îí õ¿ðòýë ýðõýíäýý áàéëãàñàí þì. ×óõàìõ¿¿ ýíý ¿åä èõ çàìûí õóëãàé äýýðýì ¿ã¿é áîëæ, õóäàëäàà÷èä, ò¿¿õ÷èä “Ìîíãîëûí èõ àìàð àìãàëàí“ õýìýýí òýìäýãëýñýí áàéäàã. Äóíäàä çóóíû ¿åä Ìîíãîëûí ýçýíò ã¿ðýí çàäàðñàí, äàëàéí òýýâýð áèé áîëñîí çýðãýýñ áîëæ òîðãîíû çàì á¿äãýð÷ýý. ªä㺺 ýíý çàìààð æóóë÷èä çîðèóä àÿëäàã áºãººä ò¿¿õýí à÷ õîëáîãäëîî îãòõîí ÷ àëäààã¿é þì. 34 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 35 ÀßÍÛ ÁÎÃÖ SKY TEAM Ìîíãîë õýðýãëýã÷èä äýëõèéä àëäàðòàé áðýíä õýðýãëýõ áîëîîä áàãàã¿é õóãàöààã ¿äæýý. “Äåëüòà àóòôèòòåðñ” êîìïàíè Åâðîïûí ãóòëûí ¹1 áðýíä “LOWA”-ãûí àëáàí ¸ñíû áîðëóóëàã÷ààð àæèëëàäàã. Òóñ êîìïàíèä çî÷ëîí èðñýí “LOWA”-áðýíäèéí Åêñïîðò õàðèóöñàí á¿ñèéí ìåíåæåð Õîëãåð Íå¿òýé ÿðèëöëàà. “LOWA” áðýíäèéã àíõ ñïîðòûí çîðèóëàëòààð ¿éëäâýðëýæ áàéñàí ãýäýã þì áèëýý. Ýíý áðýíä áèé áîëñîí òàëààð ñîíèðõóóëàõã¿é þó? -“LOWA” áðýíä àæ àõóé ýðõýëäýã ãýð á¿ëýýñ ãàðàëòàé. Èðýõ îíä ìàíàé êîìïàíèéí 90 æèëèéí îé òîõèîíî. Lorenz Wagner àíõ Ãåðìàíû Áàâàðèà òîñãîíä øèðýí øààõàé õèéæ ýõýëñíýýð ñóóðèéã íü òàâüñàí þì. Ãóðâàí õ¿¿õäèéíõýý õàìãèéí òîìûíõîî íýðèéí ýõíèé õî¸ð ¿ñãèéã ãýð á¿ëèéíõýý îâãèéí ýõíèé õî¸ð ¿ñã¿¿äòýé íèéë¿¿ëýí êîìïàíèà íýðëýñýí þì. Íýã ¿å çºâõºí óóë÷äûí ãóòàë õèéäýã áàéñàí áîë îäîî õ¿¿õäèéí, ºäºð òóòìûí, àæëûí, àÿëëûí, ñïîðòûí, óóëûí, öýðãèéí ãóòàë ¿éëäâýðëýäýã áîëñîí. 1955 îíîîñ Wagner-ûí îõèí Berti ò¿¿íèé íºõºð Josep íàð “LOWA” áðýíäèéí õî¸ð äàõü ¿åèéã ýõë¿¿ëñýí. 1972 îíîîñ “Aer” ñèñòåìèéã ¿éëäâýðëýëä îðóóëñíààð “LOWA” áðýíäèéí ¿éëäâýðýýñ ãàðñàí á¿õèé ë ãóòàë àãààð íýâòð¿¿ëäýã äàâóó òàëòàé áîëñîí. -“LOWA” áðýíä íü ÷àíàð, òàâ òóõ ãýñýí ¿ãòýé õîðøèæ, óòãà ä¿éõ áîëñîí. Èéì õýìæýýíèé àëäàðò õ¿ðñýí íóóö íü þóíä áàéäàã áîë? -Îëîí æèëèéí òóðøëàãààñ ¿¿äýëòýé ãýäãèéã þóíû ºìíº õýëìýýð áàéíà. ¯éëäâýðèéí àæèëòíóóäûí èõýíõ íü 20-30 æèë àæèëëàñàí áàéäàã. Òýð ÷ áàéòóãàé ºâººãººñ õ¿¿äýý, õ¿¿ãýýñ à÷ õ¿¿äýý àæèë, ìýðãýæèëýý ºâë¿¿ëñýí òîõèîëäîë áàéäàã. Íýã ãóòàë îéðîëöîîãîîð 150-200 îð÷èì 36 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 äåòàë õýñãýýñ á¿òäýã. Ýäãýýðèéã 27 ò¿¿õèé ýä áýëòãýã÷ êîìïàíèàñ àâäàã. Õàíãàí íèéë¿¿ëýã÷ êîìïàíèóä ìºí ë 20-30 ãàðóé æèë “LOWA”-òàé õàìòðàí àæèëëàñàí áàéäàã. Ìýäýýæ õýðýã õàìãèéí ñ¿¿ëèéí ¿åèéí òåõíèê òåõíîëîãèéã àøèãëàäàã íü íýã äàâóó òàë áîëäîã. Ãóòëûí çàãâàð á¿ðèéã òóñãàéëñàí ëàáîðàòîðèä øàëãàäàã. Àñàð ºíäºð äàðàëòòàé óñààð ø¿ðøèõ, óñòàé õîðãîíä óäààí õóãàöààíä áàéëãàõ ãýõ ìýò îëîí ñîðèëûã äàâæ áàéæ õýðýãëýã÷èä õ¿ðäýã íü ýíý àìæèëòûí ¿íäýñ áîëñîí. -“Íýã þìàíä õî¸ð óäàà ìºí㺠òºëäºã áàÿí õ¿í áèø” ãýäýã ¿ã áàéäàã äàà. Õýðýãëýã÷èä “LOWA”ãèéí ÷àíàðò ýðãýëçýõã¿é õóäàëäàí àâäàã íýã øàëòãààí íü ýíý áàéõ. Òèéì ¿¿? -“LOWA” øèëäýã áàéõ áèø, õàìãèéí øèëäýã íü áàéõûã ýðìýëçäýã. Áèä õýðýãëýã÷ íàðò ºíäºð ÷àíàðòàé ãóòëûã ñàíàë áîëãîäîã. Õýðýãëýã÷ íàð ÷ áèäíýýñ õàìãèéí ñàéí ÷àíàðûã õ¿ëýýäýã. Ýíý ãèíæèí õîëáîîñ LOWA-ã ºíººäðèéí ò¿âøèíä õ¿ðãýñýí. -Ìîíãîëûí õýðýãëýã÷èä “LOWA”-ã ººðèéí îðíîîñ õóäàëäàí àâäàã áîëîîä íýëýýä õóãàöàà ºíãºð ÷ýý. Ãýðýýò áîðëóóëàã÷ êîìïàíèéõàà òóõàé ÿìàð áîäîëòîé áàéäàã âý? -“LOWA” áðýíäèéã çºâõºí Ãåðìàí áîëîí Åâðîïûí öººõºí óëñàä ¿éëäâýðëýäýã íü ìàíàé êîìïàíèéí ñòðàòåãè þì. Æèëäýý 2.5 ñàÿ õîñ ãóòàë ¿éëäâýðëýæ, ¿¿íèéõýý 45 õóâèéã Ãåðìàíû çàõ çýýëä ¿ëäñýíèéã íü äýëõèéí 45 óëñàä ãýðýýò áîðëóóëàã÷ààð äàìæóóëàí õóäàëäààëäàã. Àçèéí îðíóóäààñ Ìîíãîë, ßïîí, Õÿòàä, Ñîëîíãîñ, Òàéâàí, Òàéëàíä çýðýã óëñàä áîðëóóëäàã. Õýäèéãýýð áè Ìîíãîë Óëñàä àíõ óäàà èðæ áàéãàà ÷ Ìîíãîëûí òóõàé ººðèéí õýìæýýíä ìýäíý. Àñàð óóäàì íóòàãòàé, ¿çýñãýëýíò áàéãàëüòàé òàíàé ñàéõàí îðíûã ìýääýã áîëîõîä “Äåëüòà àóòôèòòåðñ” êîìïàíèéí õàìò îëîí ÷ òîäîðõîé íºëººëñºí. Æèë á¿ð òóñ êîìïàíèéí àæèëòíóóäààñ èðæ ìàíàé ¿éëäâýðòýé òàíèëöäàã. Îéëãîëöîõîä àìàð, íàéðñàã áàñ íàéäâàðòàé ò¿íø. -Ìîíãîë îðíû òàëààð òààòàé ñýòãýãäýëòýé áàéãààä áàÿðëàëàà. Àÿëëûí íýâòð¿¿ëýã õºòºëäºã íýãýí ñýòã¿¿ë÷ Ìîíãîë îðíûã “Àäàðã¿é ìóçåé” õýìýýæ áàéñàí. Ìîíãîë îðîíä ñààòàõ æóóë÷èä îëîí. Ìîíãîë÷óóä ººðñ人 ÷ àÿëàõ, ñàëõèíä ãàðàõ äóðòàé. Òýäýíä õàíäàæ “LOWA”-ã öººõºí ¿ãýýð òîäîðõîéëæ ºãºº÷? -Àÿëàã÷äûí õóâöàñ íîðñîí, óðàãäñàí áîë àÿëëàà ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëýýä áàéæ ÷àäíà. Õàðèí õºë õîëãîñîí, ÷èéãòñýí áîë òýðõ¿¿ àÿëàë çîãñîõîîñ àðãàã¿é. Ìàøèí õè÷íýýí ñàéí ìîòîðòîé áàéãààä äóãóé ìóóòàé áîë õîë ÿâæ ÷àäàõã¿éòýé àäèë. Òýãâýë “LOWA” áðýíä Òàíûã òèéì áàéäàëä õ¿ðãýõã¿é. “LOWA”-òàé áîë Òà õàà ÷ àÿëëàà ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëæ ÷àäíà àà. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 37 Àâòî àßëàë SKY TEAM Áýëòãýñýí Ò.ÑÓÃÀÐ XX çóóíû ýõýí ¿å áóþó 1907 îíä ìîòîðò òýðýãòýé òàâàí áàãèéí ãèø¿¿ä òýâ÷ýýð, çîðèã ãàðãàí óðäàà òààðàõ õ¿íä õýö¿¿ á¿õíèéã àâòîìàøèíààðàà òóóëàí Áýýæèíãýýñ Ïàðèñ õ¿ðýõ óðò çàìûí àÿëëàà ýõë¿¿ëæýý. Òýð ¿åä Ôðàíöûí “Ëå Ìàòèí” ñîíèíä ºã¿¿ëñíýýð îëîí ò¿ìíèé äèéëýíõ íü òýäãýýð áàã òàìèð÷äûã ýëäâýýð øîîëîí, ýëýãëýæ òýð ÷ áàéòóãàé ìýðãýæëèéí àâòî èíæåíåð¿¿ä Áýýæèíãýýñ Ïàðèñ õ¿ðýõ çàì áîëîìæã¿é õýìýýí áàòàëæ áàéæýý. Òýä ç¿ãýýð ë èíýýä õ¿ðãýì ¿éë ÿâäàë õýìýýí òºñººëæ áàéâ. Ãýòýë, 1907 îíû çóðãààäóãààð ñàðûí 10-íä òàâàí áàãèéí òàìèð÷äààñ òóóëñàí çàìûíõ íü ñààä, òîòãîðûã áàñ õýð óðò áàéñíûã íü îëîí õ¿í àñóóõ ¸ñòîé áàéæýý. Òýä íàéìàí ìÿíãàí ìèëü òóóëàí Õÿòàäààñ ãàð÷ Ìîíãîëûí óóäàì òàë ãîâü öºëèéã ãàòëàí, Îðîñûí íóòàãò îðæ èðýí Ñèáèðèéã õºíäëºí ãóëä òóóëààä Ïîëüø, Ãåðìàíààð äàìæèí ýöýñò íü Ôðàíöàä èðñýí áàéæýý. Òýä çàìäàà ºíäºð óóëñûã ãàòëàí, ãîâü öºëèéã òóóëñàí áàéäàã. Ôðàíöûí àðä ò¿ìýí óã àÿëëûã 38 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 “̺íõèéí ÷ºòãºðèéí óóëçàëò” õýìýýí íýðëýæ, àÿëëûí á¿õèé ë çàìûã áîëîìæã¿é ç¿éë ìýòýýð õýâëýë¿¿ä áè÷ñýí þì. Ñîíèíä ºã¿¿ëñíýýð “Áýýæèíãýýñ Ïàðèñ õ¿ðýõ àâòî ìàøèíû àÿëàë õ¿íä õýö¿¿ áàéñàí ÷ æèë á¿ð íýã óäàà çîõèîæ áàéõààð òºëºâëºñºí. Ýíý áîë äýëõèéí àâòî ìàøèíû ò¿¿õýíä äàõèí õýçýý ÷ äàâòàãäàõààðã¿é òîì óðàëäààí áàéëàà. Òýä þóí ò¿ð¿¿íä çºâõºí çîðèãòîé áàéñíààðàà ººðäñèé㺺 íîòëîí õàðóóëñàí þì. Àçè, Åâðîïèéã äàìíàñàí õºíäëºí ãóëä àÿëàë õýðõýí ºðíºâ? Ôðàíöûí àóãàà ìîòîðò ñïîðòûí õºãæèë óã àÿëàëààð õýìæèãäýæ áàéâ. Ýíý ë ¿åýñ ýíý ñïîðòûí òàëààð õ¿ì¿¿ñ ìýäëýãòýé áîëæ, Ôðàíöààñ ¿¿ñýëòýé ãýäãèéã íü óõàæ îéëãîñîí áàéäàã. Õ¿íä õýö¿¿, ñààä òîòãîð á¿ðèéí äàðàà ë èíýýä õººð, ÿëàëò àìæèëò èðñýí õýìýýí “Ëå Ìàòèí” ñîíèíû ãàð÷ãóóäàä õàðàãäàõ áîëæýý. Á¿õ ç¿éë áîëæ ºíãºðñºí ãýäãèéã ñîíèíû äóãààð á¿ð áàÿð õººðò��éãýýð áè÷èæ, îðîëäâîë á¿òýøã¿é ç¿éë áèø þì àà õýìýýæ áàéâ. Ýíý ñîíèí àÿëëûã äýëãýðýíã¿éãýýð íèéòýëñýí þì. Àâòî ìàøèíóóäûã óðüä÷èëàí òîîöîîëæ, àëü áîëîõ îëîíä çàðëàõã¿é áàéõûã õ¿í á¿ð äîòðîî îéëãîæ áàéëàà. Óðàëäààíä îðîëöîã÷èä ò¿ð¿¿ëýõèéí òºëºº áèø õàðèí ÿëàõûí òóëä îðîëöñîí þì. Òýä ººð õîîðîíäîî óðàëäàõààñ èë¿¿òýé áîëîìæã¿éã áîëîìæ áîëãîõ, ººðºº ººðèé㺺 ÿëàõ ýð çîðèãûí ñïîðòîä õ¿÷ ñîðüñîí. Àÿëëûí áàãèéí ãèø¿¿ä õ¿íä çàì òóóëñàí ÷ ýíãèéí äàðóóõàí áàéñàí þì. Ýíä ÿëàã÷, ÿëàãäàã÷, øàãíàë ãàðäàã÷ áàéãààã¿é. Óðàëäààíä îðîëöñîí õ¿ì¿¿ñèéí àëü íü ÷ õóóëü çºð÷ººã¿é. Ýíý òàëààð “Ëå Ìàòèí” ñîíèí õóðààíãóéãààð àÿëëûí ýõëýëèéí òàëààð “Áýýæèíãýýñ Ïàðèñ õ¿ðñýí ìîòîðò óðàëäààíä îðîëöîã÷èä çàéëøã¿é øàãíàë õ¿ðòýõ ýðõòýé. Òýäíèé õýí íü ÷ àÿëëûí òóðø çàìûí äóíäààñ àÿëëàà çîãñîîñîíã¿é. Òýä á¿ãä ãààëü á¿ðèéí ä¿ðýì æóðìûã ñàéí áèåë¿¿ëæ áàéñàí òºäèéã¿é õýçýý ÷ õóóëèéí ãàäóóð ç¿éë õèéãýýã¿é” õýìýýí áàõàðõàëòàéãààð áè÷æýý. Ýíý àÿëàë á¿õýëäýý ñýòãýë òàòàì, áàÿð õººð, øèíý ñàíààãààð ä¿¿ðýí áàéæ ýöñèéí ìº÷ õ¿ðòýë õ¿í á¿ð òºëºâ äàðóóõàí áàéñíû õ¿÷èíä ìîòîðò àâòîìàøèíòàéãàà ýöñèéí õ¿÷ýý øàâõàí áàéæ ìàø ÷óõàë øàëãàëòàä òýíöñýí. Áàãèéí àëü ÷ ãèø¿¿í ãàíöààð÷ëàí ÿëàëò áàéãóóëàõûã õ¿ñýýã¿é áºãººä òîîöîîëñíîîñ ººð ç¿éëèéã õýí ÷ ãàðãààã¿é ãýäýã. Îðîëöñîí àâòî ìàøèíóóäûí òàëààð 1907 îíû äîëîîäóãààð ñàðûí 10-íû ºäºð íèéò 25 àâòî ìàøèí îðîëöîõ õ¿ñýëò òàâüñíààñ åð人 òàâàí ìàøèíä Áýýæèí äýõ Ôðàíöûí ýë÷èí ñàéäûí ãàçàð çºâøººðºë îëãîñîí ò¿¿õòýé. Ýíý íü äýëõèéí ìîòîðò àâòîìàøèíû ò¿¿õýíä àíõíû ðàëëè áàéñàí ó÷èð îëîíä òºäèéëºí òàíèãäààã¿é áàéñàíòàé õîëáîîòîé. Àâòî ìàøèíóóäûã äóðüäâàë, Èòàëèéí 7 ëèòðèéí áàãòààìæ á¿õèé 40 ìîðèíû ÷àäâàðòàé “Èòàëà”. Äàðààãèéíõ íü îíöãîé, õóðäòàé, êëàññèê çýðýãëýëèéíõ ãýäãýýðýý èíæåíåð¿¿äèéí õàìãèéí ñàéí á¿òýýëèéí íýã áîëæ ÷àäñàí Êîíòàë. Êîíòàë ãóðâàí äóãóéò 6 ìîðèíû õ¿÷òýé áàéâ. ̺í Ãîëëàíäûí Ñêàéêåð íü 15, Äå Äèîí Áàóòîíñ íü 10 ìîðèíû õ¿÷òýé áàéæýý. “Èòàëà” ìàøèí 600 êã äààöòàé áàéñàí áîë Ñïàéêåð õàðüöàíãóé äààö ñàéòàé, òºäèéã¿é äóíäàæ òýýâýðëýõ à÷àà 1400 êã õ¿ðäýã áàéæ. Ýíý ìàøèí øºíèéí öàãò ãýðýë àøèãëàñàí àíõíû òåõíèê áîëñîí òºäèéã¿é çàìûí õ¿íä õýö¿¿ á¿ðèéã ñàéí øèéäëèéíõýý à÷ààð òºâºãã¿é äàâæ áàéñàí ãýäýã. Õ¿÷èðõýã, õóðäòàé çîõèîí á¿òýýãäñýí àâòîìàøèí à÷ààëàë äààõ ÷àäâàð ñàéòàé àÿëëûí æèíõýíý óíàà áîëæ ÷àäàõ óó õýìýýí “Ëå Ìàòèí” ñîíèðõîí áè÷èæ áàéâ. ̺í òýìöýýíä îðîëöñîí õî¸ð àâòîìàøèíû íýã íü àðàë òîì, òóóëàõ ÷àäâàð äóòóó ó÷èð ñîíèðõîëòîé òýìöýëä ºíººõ æèæèã õýðíýý õóðäòàé òýðýãòýé õýðõýí óðàëäàõ âý ãýäãèéã èõýýð ñîíèðõîæ áàéæýý. Òýä ãàð÷èãàà “Àëü àëü íü õóðäàà àâ÷èõâàë õààíà ÷ áóñäààñ ÷àäâàðëàã òóóëäàã” õýìýýí òîäîðõîéëñîí ãýíý. Àâòî ìàøèíóóä àÿëëûí òóðø õýä, õýäýí óäàà àëäàð, ãóíøèíãàà ñîëüñîí ò¿¿õòýé. Õîæèì íü ýíý òàëààð “Èòàëè÷óóä íýð õ¿íäýý áîäîæ “Èòàëà” õ¿÷èðõýã òýðãèéí íýðèéã õàíõ¿¿ãèéíõýý àëäðààð ñîëüñîí” ãýëöýæ áàéâ. Òîäðóóëáàë, “Èòàëà” òýðãèéí õàíõ¿¿ Áîðæåíèé íýðýýð íýðëýõ ãýæ áàéâ. “Èòàëà”-ã Áàðçèíè õýìýýõ ýð óíàæ áàéñàí þì. (Õàíõ¿¿ Áîðæåí àÿëëûí êîìïàíèéí íýðýýð ñîëüñîí) àâòî ìàøèí õî¸ð ñóóäàëòàé áàéñíàà ãóðàâ áîëãîí òîìðóóëæ, áåíçèíû õî¸ð ÷ ñàâ øèíýýð òàâüñàí áàéíà. ̺í ýíý íýðèéã ñîëèõîä Èòàëèéí á¿ðýí ýðõò òºëººëºã÷ àâòî ìàøèí çîõèîí á¿òýýã÷èä íºëººëñºí áàéíà. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí óã àâòîìàøèíûã ò¿¿íèé íýðýýð íýðëýõ ñàíàëûã Èòàëèéí ¿éëäâýðëýã÷èä äýìæèæ áàéâ. Ïèðåëèéí äóãóéã àøèãëàæ áàéñíûã ìºí äóðüäæýý. Õàðèí Èòàëèéí ¿éëäâýðëýã÷èä äîòîð ëèöåíçèéí ýðõ áóëààöàëäàõ áàéäàë óëàì ãàçàð àâ÷ áàéâ. 1907 îíû Áýýæèíãýýñ Ìîíãîë õ¿ðýõ àÿëëûí ãàäíà Ìèøåëè, Ïèðåë êîìïàíèóäûí õîîðîíä “Äóãóéí äàéí” äýãäýæ áàéñàí ò¿¿õòýé. Ïèðåë õàíõ¿¿ Áîðæåñèéí “Èòàëà”-ã èâýýí 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 39 ªÄÒÝÉ ÁÈ×Èà SKY TEAM òýòãýñýí áîë Ìèøåëèí “Ãîääàðä”ûã äóãóéãààð õàíãàæ áàéâ. Õî¸óëàà Õÿòàäàä äóãóéí äýëã¿¿ð íýýæ, ºð ñºëäººí ¿¿ñãýæýý. ¯¿íèé õàæóóãààð “Äàíëîï” äóãóéí êîìïàíè Äå Äèîíûã èâýýí òýòãýñýí áàéíà. Àÿëëûí ÿâöàä ñîíèíû õóóäàñ á¿ðò àâòî ìàøèíóóäàä òîõèîëäîõ ýëäýâ àñóóäëûí òàëààð áè÷èæ ýõýëëýý. “Èòàëà” ìàø óäààí ÿâàõ áîëñîí òºäèéã¿é 20 ïàóíä æèíòýéãýýñ ãàäíà à÷àà, òýýø õýò èõ áàéãààã îíöëîâ. Àâòî ìàøèíóóä òýýæ ÿâàà õîîë õ¿íñ, ìàõ, øºëíèé áýëäìýë, õóóðàé ñ¿¿, õ¿íñíèé íîãîî áîëîí áÿñëàã çýðýã íü íýìýëò à÷àà áîëæ áàéâ. Áýýæèí-Ïàðèñ àÿëëûí îðîëöîã÷èäòîé Áîãä õààí óóëçàæ, ººðèéíõºº ìàøèíûã ¿ç¿¿ëñýí òóõàé Ò¿¿í÷ëýí, ä¿¿æèí îð, ýìíýëãèéí àÿëàã÷äûí íýã òýìäýãëýí ¿ëäýýæýý. Ìîíãîëä Ìàíæèéã òºëººëºí ñóóæ áàéñàí àìáàí òýäíèéã õýðýãñýë ãýõ÷ëýí àâòîìàøèíû äààö èõýä õ¿íäýòãýæ îíöãîéëîí ãàðãàæ ºã÷ýý. . õýòðýõ ¿íäñýí øàëòãààí èõ áàéæýý. Ýíý çîâëîí á¿õ áàãèéí ãèø¿¿äýä ñààä ó÷ðóóëñàí. ¯¿íýýñ ãàäíà çàðèì ë ººð, ººðñäèéí “ä¿ð”-òýé áîëñîí. íü èòàëè÷óóä “Èòàëà” àâòî ìàøèí óã äýýðýì÷èí, òîíóóë÷èä èõýýð òºâºã Òýìöýë, ºðñºë人í Õàíõ¿¿ Áîðæåñ óðàëäààíä ò¿ð¿¿ëñýí õýìýýí ¿çäýã. óäàæ áàéâ. Êîðìèð áîëîí Êîëèíîí áîëîí Ïàóïåð íàðûí õîîðîíä ºðíºñºí “Àâàðãà äîëîîí ëèòðèéí áàãòààìæ, Õàíõ¿¿ Ñèïèîí Áîðæåñèéí îíöãîé òýýâýðëýã÷, èíæåíåðèéí àþóëã¿é áàéäëàà õàíãàõûí òóëä þì. õóòãà æàä, ãàð áóó, âèíòîâ çýðãèéã “Èòàëà” õºëãèéã æîëîîäñîí Ìîíñóð òºãñ øèéäýë á¿õèé õºëºã” õýìýýí áîëçîøã¿é àþóëààñ ñýðýìæëýí Áàðçèíèãèéí òàëààð Èòàëèéí Êîðåðà “Èòàëà”-ã ìàãòàí äóóëæ áàéñàí þì. Äåëà Ñåðà ñîíèíä “Õàìãèéí øèëäýã íü Æîëîî÷ Áàðçèíè ººðèéíõºº ÿëàëòàä áèåäýý àâ÷ ÿâäàã áàéæ. áàéñàí” õýìýýí ìàãòàí áè÷æýý. Áàðçèíè ìàø èòãýëòýé áàéæýý. Ìîñêâàãààñ óðäàà òààðñàí ñààä òîòãîðûã ººðèéí Ñàíêò Ïåòåðáóðã õ¿ðñíèé äàðàà îëîí îðîëöîõ áîëñîí øàëòãààíû øàëãóóð àðâàí á¿ñã¿é÷¿¿äýýð õ¿ðýýë¿¿ëæ õýìýýí ¿çýæ óðò àÿëëûí òóðø Òºâ Àçèéã ÿëàëòàà òýìäýãëýæýý. ̺í Áàðçèíè ç¿ðõýíäýý ìàðòàìã¿é õàéðëàõ áîëñîí Ìîñêâàãààñ 500 ìèëü õîëäîí ÿâñíû áàéäàã. Ò¿¿íèéã äýëõèé íèéò äºðâºí äàðàà ýðãýí èðæ äîëîî õîíîã á¿ðèéí Óðàëäààíä îðîëöîã÷èä á¿ãä æèë òóòàì äóðñàí ñàíàäàã áèëýý. Åð ÿëàã÷ áîëñíîî òýìäýãëýñýí ãýäýã. ÕÝÍ ÃÎË Ä¯Ð ÁÀÉÑÀÍ ÁÝ Àíõíû àâòîðàëëèãààñ ÿã 100 æèëèéí äàðàà òýðõ¿¿ àÿëëûí çàìààð àäàë ÿâäàë õàéã÷èä çîð÷ñîí þì. Òýäíèé äóíä äîìîãò ITALA-ã õºëºãëºñºí àÿëàã÷èä áàéëàà. 40 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Ãàéõàìøèãò àÿëëààñ õîéø 100 æèëèéí äàðàà ÿã òýðõ¿¿ çàìààð àâòîðàëëèã äàõèí çîõèîí áàéãóóëñàí þì. Çóóí æèëèéí äàðàà ÷ Ìîíãîëûí çàì õàìãèéí áàðòààòàé, àäàë ÿâäàë ýðýã÷äèéí çîðèãûã øàëãàæ, ìîòîðò õ¿ëãèéí õ¿÷ ÷àäëûã ñîðüñîí þì. Ò¿¿íèé òóóëñàí 60 ºäðèéí 12 ìÿíãàí ìèëü áîë öýâýð ÿëàëòûíõ íü òóóëñàí çàìûí óðò áàéæýý. Õî¸ðäóãààð áàéðûí ýçýí ÿäóó ãóéëãà÷íû õ¿¿ Ãåðìàíû ×àðëåñ Ãîääàðä áàéñàí þì. Òýð Ñïàéêåð àâòî ìàøèíûã æîëîîäîæ áàéæýý. ×àðëåñ àâòîìàøèíàà õýðõýí æîëîîäîæ ãàéõàëòàé àìæèëòàä õ¿ðýõýý ìýäýõã¿é áàéñàí ãýäýã. Ïàðèñûí ýíãèéí öèðêèéí àæèëòíû õ¿¿ áàéñàí òýðýýð “Ëå Ìàòèí” ñîíèíä àëäàð íýðýý äóóðñãàñàíààð àìüäðàëàà ººð÷èëæ, ìºíãºíèé àñàð èõ óðñãàëûã ººðòºº òàòæýý. Óëìààð õýðõýí æîëîî áàðèõ òàëààð ñóðàëöàæ, ¿éëäâýðëýã÷äèéí á¿òýýëèéã çýýëñýí áàéíà. Æîëîî÷ áîëîõ õ¿ñýë íü ò¿¿íèéã ÿëàëòàä õ¿ðãýñýí þì. Õàðüöàíãóé òóðøëàãàòàé áîëñîí Ãîäàðä ÿëàëò áàéãóóëáàë çàâü õóäàëäàí àâàõ àìëàëò ººðòºº òàâüæýý. Àìæèëò ãàðãàñàí òýðýýð Õÿòàäàä óñàí îíãîö õóäàëäàí àâñàí áàéäàã. Ò¿¿íèéã àëáàí ¸ñîîð ãóðàâäóãààð áàéðò îðñîí ãýæ ¿çäýã. Õºãæìèéí ãîö ìýäðýìæòýé áàéñàí òýðýýð òºãºëäºð õóóð, áóñàä õºãæìèéí çýìñãýý𠺺ðèéí óñàí îíãîöíû òàâöàí äýýð çîð÷èã÷äîî áàÿñãàäàã áîëæýý. Äå Äèîíû æîëîî÷ Êîðìåð óã àâòî ìàøèíûã æîëîîäîõ õ¿ñýëòýä çºâøººðñíººð àìæèëò îëîõ ýõëýëýý òàâüæýý. Òýðýýð Áàëêàíààñ, Èñïàíè, Õîéä Àôðèê õ¿ðòýë óðò õóãàöààíû ìîòîðò ýêñïåäèöèéí áàãò àæèëëàæ òóðøëàãà õóðèìòóóëñàí áàéñàí ãýäýã. Êîðìåð 1907 îíä àÿëàë, óðàëäààíûõàà òàëààð “Òýìöýýí” íýðòýé íîì áè÷èæ ò¿¿íäýý Áýýæèíãýýñ Ïàðèñ õ¿ðñýí á¿õèé ë òýìäýãëýëýý äóðüäñàí áàéäàã. Àëñ õîëûã çîðüñîí òýäíèé àìæèëòûí òàëààð ºã¿¿ëýõ íîì Àíãëè õýëýýð õýâëýãäýí ãàð÷ áàéãààã¿é. Ñ¿¿ëä áóþó 2007 îíä îð÷óóëàã÷, ðåäàêòîð Òèì Ñêîò áîëîí Ôðàíö õýëíèé ìýðãýæëèòíýí Æýéìñ Ìàêëèí íàð Êîðìåðèéí íîìûã Àíãëè õýëíýý õºðâ¿¿ëæ áàéæýý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 41 êàðíàâàë SKY TEAM Ò.ÑÓÃÀÐ Ðèî êàðíàâàëü íü Ðóìûí áîëîí Ãðåê¿¿äèéí ¿ëäýýñýí áàÿðûí óë ìºðººñ ¿¿äýëòýé áèëýý. Ôðàíö, Ïîðòóãàë, Èñïàíèéí àðä ò¿ìýí Åâðîïûã æèë á¿ð õºíäëºí ãóëä òóóëàõäàà áàÿðûí àðãà õýìæýý çîõèîæ, ýëäýâ òºðëèéí õóâöàñ áàã òýðã¿¿òíèéã ºìñºí ãóäàìæèíä á¿æèãëýæ, äóó äóóëäàã áàéñàí ò¿¿õòýé. Ýíý õóó÷íû 42 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 óëàìæëàëûã îð÷èí öàãò àâ÷èðñàí íü ýíý. Õàìãèéí àíõ Ïîðòóãàëè÷óóä “Áàÿðûí êàðíàâàëü” íýðòýé óã ñýòãýë õºäºëãºì áàÿðûí æàãñààëûã 1850 îíä ýõë¿¿ëæ áàéæýý. Õºðºíãºòí¿¿äèéí ¿çëýýñ ýõýëñýí óã áàÿð Ïàðèñààñ ¿¿ñýëòýé áºãººä õîòîîñ, õîò äàìæèí ìàñêàðàò øîó çîõèîãäñîîð èðñýí àæ. Õýäèéãýýð Áðàçèë óëñàä óã óëàìæëàë ººð áàéñàí ÷ õîæèì Àôðèê áîëîí Èíäèàí÷óóäààñ óëàìæëàí ýíý àðãà õýìæýýã äàâòàãäàøã¿é öîðûí ãàíö áàéäëàà𠺺ðñäèéí áîëãîæýý. Àíõàíäàà õýñýã õ¿ì¿¿ñ ë ãàäàà òàëáàéä, ãóäàìæèíä áè÷èë ïàðàä õèéí, õºãæèì òîãëîíãîî á¿æèãëýæ ýõýëæýý. Ýíý áàÿð ÿçãóóðòíóóäûí ¿íýòýé äààøèíç, õóâöñûã ÿäóóñ ºìñ÷, ýð÷¿¿ä íü ýìýãòýé õóâöñààð ãàíãàðàí ýíãèéí èðãýä õàíõ¿¿, õàòàä øèã õàðàãäàõ çîðèëãîòîéãîîð Áðàçèëä ¿¿ñ÷ýý. ªºðººð õýëáýë, íèéãìèéí ÿíç á¿ðèéí ãàðàëòàé õ¿ì¿¿ñ õýí ãýäãýý óìàðòàæ, ãàãöõ¿¿ æèëèéí íýã ë ºäºð èõýñ äýýäýñ ìýò òóõàéí ôåñòèâàëüä îðîëöäîã óëàìæëàë òîãòæýý. Áðàçèëèéí Çàñãèéí ãàçàð Êàðíàâàëèéí àðãà õýìæýýã çºâøººðºõ õ¿ðòýë çàðèì íýã ¿éìýýí ñàìóóí äýãäýæ áàéñàí ÷, ñî¸ë óëàìæëàëàà äýýäëýí Êàðíàâàëü íýýëòòýé áîëñîí þì. Öààøëààä ºíãºò àðüñò áîîëûí äàâõàðãûíõíûã óã áàÿðûí àðãà õýìæýýíä îðîëöóóëàõ øéèäâýð ãàðãàæýý. Ãýõäýý òýä çºâõºí ãóðàâ õîíîãèéí òóðø Êàðíàâàëüä îðîëöîõ ¸ñòîé áàéâ. Òýãâýë ýíý öàã ¿åä íèéãýì õàâòãàéðàõûí õýðýýð êàðíàâàëüä îðîëöîã÷äûã àðüñ ºí㺺ð ÿëãàâàðëàõ áàéäàë ¿ã¿é áîëæ íèéãìèéí ÿìàð ÷ äàâõàðãûí õ¿í õàìðàãäàõ áîëîìæòîé áîëæýý. XVIII çóóíû ¿åèéí ôåñòèâàëüä îðîëöîã÷äûí ¿¿ðýã èë¿¿ ñàéæèðñàí ãýñýí ¿ã. Õ¿ì¿¿ñ çààâàë äààøèíç ºìñºõ øààðäëàãàã¿é áîëñîí òºäèéã¿é ïàðàäàä îðîëöîã÷èä íàéðàë õºãæìèéí òºðºë á¿ðèéí ÷èãëýëýýð óðàí á¿òýýëýý òóóðâèõ áîëæýý. Ðèî Äå Æàíèåðîãèéí êàðíàâàëü îð÷èí öàãò èë¿¿ çîõèîí áàéãóóëàëòòàé, ñîíèðõîë òàòàõóéö ò¿âøèíä õ¿ðñýí þì. XX çóóí ýõëýõ õ¿ðòýë Ðèîãèéí ãóäàìæíû êàðíàâàëü õºãæèìëºã, åâðî çàãâàðûí áóþó ïîëüê á¿æèã, âàëüñ, ìàçóðèê ÷èãëýëèéí Øîòëàíä ìàÿãòàé áàéæýý. Èíãýýä öàã õóãàöààíû ýðõýíä (Áðàçèëèéí Àôðî ÷èãëýëèéí óðñãàë, ÎÕÓ-ûí åâðåé ìàÿãèéí) îð÷èí öàãèéí õºãæèì, ðèòì õºãæëèéí ÿâöàä òýäíèé õýìíýë áîëîâ. Áàÿðò îðîëöîã÷èä Ðèî Äå Æàíèåðîãèéí ãóäàìæèíä çààâàë øàâàð øàâõàé, íàìàãò êàðíàâàëü çîõèîí áàéãóóëàõ øààðäëàãàã¿é áîëñîí þì. Õºãæñººð ýöýñòýý òýä “Áÿöõàí Àôðèê” ãýñýí òîäîòãîëòîé ñàìáà á¿æãèéí õýìíýëèéã îëîíä òàíèóëæýý. Ïàðàä äýëõèéí õî¸ðäóãààð äàéí ýõýëæ, 1947 îíûã õ¿ðòýë ò¿ð çàâñàðëààä áàéâ. Õàðèí ýíý õóãàöààíä Àâåíèäî Ðèî Áðàíêî äàëàéí òýìöýýíèéã õîòûí ÿã òºâä çîõèîí áàéãóóëäàã áîëæýý. Êàðíàâàëü óðò óäààí çàì òóóëæ, Ðèî õîòûí íýãýí õýñýã áîëñíîîð áàðàõã¿é äýëõèéí òîìîîõîí áàÿð íààäìûí íýãä ç¿é ¸ñîîð íýðëýãäñýí þì. Ñàìáà á¿æãèéí ïàðàä õºãæèæ äýâøèñíèéõýý ¿ð ä¿íä òîìîîõîí òýìäýãëýëò öîð ãàíö ¿éë ÿâäëûí æèøýý áîëæýý. Áàÿðûí ïàðàä ººð÷ëºãäñººð “Ñàìáàäðîìî” íýðòýé áîëæ Ðèî õîòûí ÿã òºâ ãóäàìæóóäàä çîõèîí áàéãóóëàãäàæ áàéâ. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 43 êàðíàâàë SKY TEAM Ðèî õîòûí êàðíàâàëèéí á¯ðýëäýõ¯¯í Çàéëøã¿é òýìäýãëýí ºíãºð¿¿ëýõýýñ àðãàã¿é áîëòëîî õºãæñºí Ðèî Êàðíàâàëü ÿäóóñûí õîðîîëëûí îð÷èì “Æàâåëàñ” õýìýýãäæýý. Áàÿðûí ïàðàä áîð÷óóäûí ä¿¿ðãèéí õýâðýã áàéøèíãóóäûí äýðãýä ÿìàð ÷ äýä á¿òýöã¿é ãàçàð ìóó óñíû ñóâàã äàìæèí ¿ðãýëæèëæ áàéâ. Õýäèéãýýð, áîð÷óóäûí ä¿¿ðãèéí òààðóó îð÷èí íºõöºëä Ðèî Êàðíàâàëü çîõèîãäîæ áàéñàí ÷ áàÿðò íýãäýãñýä ººðñäèéí á¿òýýñýí á¿òýýëýýð óéãàã¿é îðîëöäîã áàéæýý. Êàðíàâàëü ìàø èõ áàÿð áàÿñàë, àç æàðãàëààð ä¿¿ðýí áîëæ ºíãºðäºã íü îðîëöîã÷èä íýëýýä èõ õè÷ýýí ç¿òãýäýã áàéñàíòàé õîëáîîòîé. Òàíû õàðñàí÷ëàí òýä ¿¿íèéã õèéæ ÷àäñàí þì. Îðøèí ñóóã÷èä áàÿðûí àðãà õýìæýýíä îðîëöîõûí òóëä ãèø¿¿äýý ñàìáà ñóðãóóëüä ÿâóóëæ, ººðñäèéí ãýñýí õýâ ìàÿãèéã á¿ðä¿¿ëýõ áîëîâ. Êàðíàâàëü áîëîí ñàìáà õºë áºìáºãèéí õ¿ñýë òýì¿¿ëýëòýé çýðýãöýí îðøèæ áàéæýý. Òýð ÷ áàéòóãàé èæèë õ¿éñòí¿¿ä, ýëèò ãàðàëòàé õàòàãòàé íàð Ðèî Êàðíàâàëüä ÿëãàëã¿é îðîëöîæ ýõýëñýí ãýäýã. Õ¿í á¿ðò, õºãæèëäºí çóãààöàæ àç æàðãàëòàé áàéõ ¿¿ä õààëãûã íýýæ ºã÷ýý. Áðàçèë óëñ íýãýí òîì õ¿÷èðõýã íèéãìèéã á¿òýýí áîñãîæ ÷àäàâ. Íàñ õ¿éñ, ãàðàë óãñàà ïàðàäàä îðîëöîã÷äûí äóíä ¿ã¿é áîëæ, íýãíèéãýý ãàäóóðõàõ ¿çýë ¿íýðòýõýý ÷ áîëüæýý. Ìàãàäã¿é òýä çîõèîí áàéãóóëñíûõàà, òàíèóëñíûõàà, íýâòð¿¿ëñíèéõýý õ¿÷èíä Ðèî Êàðíàâàëèéã óðò óäààí ¿ðãýëæëýõ áàÿð õººðòýé íýãýí ïàðàä áîëãîæ ÷àäñàí áîëîâ óó. Òýäíèéã ãàäíààñ íü äýìæèæ, àëü íýãýí õ¿÷èí òóñàëñàí ãýâýë ¿ã¿é. Êàðíàâàëü ãóäàìæ òàëáàéä ýíãèéí àìüäðàëûí õàæóóä áîëæ ºíãºðäºã. Õ¿í á¿ð ¿¿íä îðîëöîæ áîëäîã. Ðèî Êàðíàâàëèéí èðýõ æèëèéí ªí㪠òªðõ Çî÷èä áóóäàëä òà ººðèéí õ¿ññýíýý õýðýãëýíý. Òà ÷ 2013 îíû Ðèî Êàðíàâàëèéí íýãýí õýñýã áàéõ áîëîìæòîé. Ýíý óäààä øèëäýã çî÷èä áóóäëäóóä Ðèî õîòûí õîéä õýñýãò îëîíä ¿éë÷ëýõ áîëíî. Ãóðàâ ýñâýë äºðâºí ñàðûí ºìíº ýäãýýð çî÷èä áóóäàëä óðüä÷èëàí çàõèàëãà ºãºõ áîëîìæòîé àæ. Êàðíàâàëèéí áîëæ ºíãºð÷ áóé ¿éë ÿâäàë á¿ðèéã Êîïîêàáàíà, Èïàíåìàãààñ õàðæ, ñîíèðõîõ áîëîìæ áèé. Äàëàéí ýðýã äàãóé õîòûí õàìãèéí òóõòàé ãàçàð áàéðëàõ áîëîìæîîð ìºí õàíãàæýý. Ëåáëîí áîë ìàø ãàéõàëòàé áàéðøèë þì. Çî÷èä áóóäëóóä Êàðíàâàëèéí ¿åýð òàâàí 44 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 øºíèéí òóðø á¿õèé ë ç¿éëñýýð ¿éë÷èëæ, æèëèéí õàìãèéí îíöãîé ¿åèéã ìýäð¿¿ëýõ ãýíý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 45 Òýíãýðèéí áàã SKY TEAM “Àýðî Ìîíãîëèà” êîìïàíèéí Íèñëýã çîõèöóóëàëòûí òºâèéí äàðãà Í.Áîëîðòîé ÿðèëöëàà. -Ñóðãàëòàä ÿâààä èðñýí ãýæ ñîíññîí. Õîëûí õ¿íýýñ ¿ã ñîíñ ãýæ. ßâñàí ãàçðûí ñîíèí õà÷èí èõ ë áèç äýý? -ªíãºðºã÷ íýãä¿ãýýð ñàðûí 16-íààñ õî¸ðäóãààð ñàðûí 28-íû õîîðîíä ÀÍÓ-ûí Jeppesen Academy ñóðãàëòûí òºâä “Àãààðûí õºëãèéí äèñïà÷åð”èéí ñóðãàëòàíä ÿâààä èðñýí. Áóñàä àâèà êîìïàíèàñ ýíýõ¿¿ ñóðãàëòàä àæèëòíóóäàà ÿâóóëäàã ÷ ìàíàé êîìïàíèéí òóõàéä, àíõ óäàà áè ÿâààä èðëýý. ÀÍÓ-ä î÷èæ 200 öàãèéí òàíõèìä ñóðàëöàæ, øàëãàëò ºãñíººð èòãýìæëýãäñýí ¿íýìëýõ îëãîäîã þì. Òóñ óëñàä ñóðàëöàæ, øàëãàëò ºã÷ òýíöýýä, Ìîíãîëä èðýýä äàõèí øàëãàëò ºã÷, 80ààñ äýýø îíîî àâ÷ áàéæ, òýð ¿íýìëýõèéã ºâºðòºëäºã ãýõ ¿¿ äýý. Ýíýõ¿¿ ¿íýìëýõ äýëõèéí àëü ÷ óëñàä õ¿÷èíòýé. ªºðººð 46 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 õýëáýë, äýëõèéí àëü ÷ àâèà êîìïàíèä àæèëëàõ áîëîìæ îëãîäîã ãýñýí ¿ã. Ýíãèéíýýð òàéëáàðëàâàë, Ìîíãîë Óëñûí èðãýí ãýäãèéã áàòëàìæëàí èðãýíèé ¿íýìëýõ ºãäºã øèã òóõàéí õóâü õ¿íä íü îëãîäîã îëîí óëñûí ¿íýìëýõ ãýæ áîëîõ þì. -Äýëõèéí àëü ÷ óëñàä àæèëëàõ áîëîìæòîé áîëëîî. Åð íü àæëûí ñàíàë èðäýã ¿¿? -Èéì ¿íýìëýõ ãàðäñàí õ¿íä áîëîëöîî áèé. Ìîíãîëîîñ ÿâæ, ãàäààäàä àæèë ëàæ áàéãàà öººí õ¿í áèé. Àæëûí áàéðíû ñàíàë ÷ èõ èðäýã þì áèëýý. ÀÍÓ-ûí ýíýõ¿¿ ñóðãàëòàä õàìðàãäñàí áîëîõîîð ìàéëýýð àæëûí ñàíàë èðýõ íü èõ ø¿¿. -Òàíàé ìýðãýæëèéã íèñäýãã¿é íèñ ãýã÷ ãýæ íýðëýäýã áàéõ àà. Àæëûí à÷ààëàë õ¿íä òóë õ¿í òîãòäîãã¿é ãýõ ÿðèà ÷ ÷èõ äýëñäýã. Ýíý “æèðãýý” áîäèò áàéäàëòàé õýð íèéöýõ áîë? -Òèéì ýý, ýíýõ¿¿ ìýðãýæëèéã íèñäýãã¿é íèñãýã÷ ãýæ íýðëýõ íü áèé. Èðãýíèé íèñýõèéí áàãö ä¿ðìèéí 63-ò õî¸ðîîñ äîîøã¿é æèë íèñýæ áàéãàà íèñãýã÷, ýñâýë öàã óóð÷, íèñëýãèéí óäèðäàã÷, àãààðûí õºëãèéí äèñïàò÷åð õèéíý ãýñýí çààëòòàé. Íàäàä ÷ ãýñýí øàíòðàõ ¿å áàéñàí. ßìàð ÷ ìýðãýæëýýð òºãññºí áàé íèñýõ, àâèà êîìïàíèä àæèëëàõ õ¿í öîî øèíý ìýðãýæëèéã äàõèí ýçýìøèõ øààðäëàãà òóëãàðäàã. -Íèñýõ áîëîí Àâèà êîìïàíèä àæèëëàæ áàéãàà õ¿ì¿¿ñ èõýâ÷ëýí óäàì äàìæñàí áàéäàã. Òàíû óäàì ñóäàðò ýíýõ¿¿ ñàëáàðòàé àìüäðàëàà õîëáîñîí õ¿í áàéâ óó? -Ìàíàé ãýð á¿ëä ýíý ñàëáàðò õ¿÷ ¿çñýí õ¿í áàéãààã¿é. Õàðèí ìèíèé òóõàéä, 2005 îíä Õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí óõààíû èõ ñóðãóóëèéã Àíãëè õýëíèé îð÷óóëàã÷, ïðîãðàììèñò ìýðãýæëýýð òºãññºí. Ñàíààíäã¿é ÿâæ áàéãààä íèñýõèéí Íèñëýã çîõèöóóëàëòûí òºâä øàëãóóëæ, äàäëàãà õèéæ ýõýëæ áèëýý. Òóõàéí ¿åä äàäëàãààð àæèëëàæ áàéãààä òýíöâýë àâíà ãýñýí þì ë äàà. Èíãýýä ë ýë áàéãóóëëàãàòàé àìüäðàëàà õîëáîñîí äîî. Ýíý ë õàìò îëíûõîî äóíä õî¸ð æèë àæèëëàæ ýíý ñàëáàðààñ íºõºðòýé㺺 òàíèëöàí ãýð á¿ë áîëæ, õººðõºí õ¿¿òýé áîëñîí. Òýð ÷ óòãààðàà àìüäðàë ãýõ èõ àéëûí áîñãûã àëõàõàä ò¿øèæ, òóëæ, àíõíû àëõìûã ìèíü çºâ çàñ÷ ºãñºí áàéãóóëëàãà ìààíü ãýæ õýëæ áîëíî. -Òýãâýë òàíû õóâüä, öîî øèíý åðòºíöºä õºë òàâüæ, ºíººäðèéí ýíýõ¿¿ àìæèëòàäàà õ¿ðñýí ãýæ îéëãîæ áîëîõ íü ýý? -Õ¿íèé àìüäðàë áàÿëàã ø¿¿ äýý. Öîî øèíý ìýðãýæèë ýçýìøèæ, ñóðàõ ç¿éë èõ áèé. Íààä çàõ íü, öàã óóðûí áîëîâñðîë ýçýìøèíý. Îíãîö ãýäýã íýã òºðëèéí øèíæëýõ óõààí þì. Òýðõ¿¿ øèíæëýõ óõààíûã ñóäàëíà ãýäýã àìàðã¿é. Ìýðãýæëèéí áóñ õ¿íèé í¿äýýð õàðàõàä, ò¿ëø, à÷àà, òýýø ýíãèéí þì øèã õýðíýý á¿ãä ë ººðèéí ãýñýí óõàãäàõóóíòàé. Öààøëààä, òóõàéí îíãîöûã ÿàâàë ººðèéíõºº êîìïàíèä àþóëã¿é, àøèã òàéãààð íèñãýõ âý. À÷ààã õýðõýí çîõè öóóëæ, õè÷íýýí ëèòð ò¿ëø õèéõ ¿¿ ãýýä á¿õèé ë ç¿éëèéã çîõèöóóëíà. Îíãîö õººðºõººñ ýõëýýä ãàçàðäàõ õ¿ðòýë á¿õèé ë ¿éë àæèëëàãààã óäèðäàæ çîõèîí áàéãóóëäàã, òèéì ë íàðèéí ìýðãýæèë äýý. -Àæëûí à÷ààëàë õýð áàéäàã âý? 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 47 Òýíãýðèéí áàã SKY TEAM -Àæèëëàõ íºõöºë õºíãºí ãýæ õýëýõã¿é ýý. Íèñëýã ñààòàõàä õîíîæ àæèëëàõ øààðäëàãà ÷ ãàðäàã. -Èéì ¿åä àð òàë ñàéí áàéõ ¸ñòîé. Òàíû õóâüä? -Òèéì ýý, ýíý ¿åä àð òàë íàéäâàðòàé áàéõ õýðýãòýé. Åð íü áè ººðèé㺺 èõ àçòàé õ¿í ãýæ áîääîã. Ýíý áàéãóóëëàãàä îðæ àæèëòàé, àìüäðàëòàé áîëñîí. ̺í ñàéõàí õàíüòàé áîëæ, õ¿¿òýé áîëëîî. Õàíü ìààíü ÷ ìèíèé àæëûí íàðèéí øèðèéíèéã õýíýýñ ÷ èë¿¿ îéëãîäîã ó÷ðààñ àðûí àæëàà íàéäâàðòàé ñàéí ã¿éöýòãýäýã ø¿¿. -Ýíý ìýðãýæèëýýð òýòãýâýðò ãàðñàí õ¿í Ìîíãîëä áàéääàãã¿é ãýñýí. Ó÷èð íü àæëûí à÷ààëëààñàà áîëîîä øàíòàðäàã ãýëöäýã. Òàíû õóâüä ÷ ãýñýí çóãòìààð ñàíàãäàõ ¿å áàéñàí ë áîëîâ óó? -Ìýðãýæèëäýý äóðòàé áîëîõîîð øàíòðàõ ¿å õîâîð ë áàéñàí. Àæèëä îðîîä óäààã¿é òýð ¿åä á¿õèé ë ç¿éë øèíý áè íýãä¿ãýýð àíãèéí ñóðàã÷ øèã ë áàéëàà. Îíãîöîî 2 æèë òóòàì Ãåðìàí ðóó èõ çàñâàðò ÿâóóëäàã. Èíãýõýä 20 îð÷èì öàãèéí íèñëýã õèéíý. Äàìæèõ íèñëýã èõòýé òýð ¿åä õîíîíî. ªðººí人 óòàñíû õàæóóä ñàíäëàà íèéë¿¿ëæ òàâüæ áàéãààä ë óíòàíà äàà. Ãýõäýý ýíä, òýíä þì äóóãàðàõààð èõ àéíà àà. Óã íü àéãààä áàéõ ç¿éëã¿é ë äýý. Äîîä äàâõàðò õàðóóë õàìãààëàëòòàé ó÷ðààñ. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí ýõýíäýý ñòàíöèàðàà ÿðüæ ÷àäàõã¿é èõ áóäèëíà. ßðüæ ñóðààã¿é áîëîõîîð þó ÿðèàä áàéãàà íü ìýäýãäýõã¿é ä¿íãýíýýä, õºãæèëòýé ç¿éë èõ ãàðíà. 48 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 -Ýíý ìýðãýæëýýð Ìîíãîëä áîëîâñîí õ¿÷èí áýëòãýäýã ¿¿. Åð íü áîëîâñîí õ¿÷íèé õàíãàìæ õýð áàéäàã þì áîë? -Ìîíãîëä îäîîãîîð áýëòãýãäñýí ç¿éë áàéõã¿é. Ýíý ÷èãëýëýýð ìýðãýæèëòýí, áîëîâñîí õ¿÷èí áýëòãýõ ñóðãóóëü ÷ àëãà. Íèñýõèéí áàãö ä¿ðìèéí äàãóó ãýð÷èëãýýæñýí áàéãóóëëàãà ìîíãîëä õàðààõàí áàéõã¿é. Îäîîãèéí íºõöºëä àâèà êîìïàíèóä ãàäààäàä ººðèéí äèñïàò÷åðóóäàà ñóðàëöóóëäàã. Õî¸ð æèë òàñðàëòã¿é ýíý ÷èãëýëýýð àæèëëàæ, øàíòðàëã¿éãýýð äàâàí òóóëàí ñóðãàëòàíä õàìðàãäñàí õ¿í ë ýíý àæëûã õèéäýã þì. -Ìýðãýæèë á¿õýí ñàéõàí ãýäýã. Ýíý ìýðãýæëèéí ñàéõàí íü? -Îíãîöîî íèñãýýä ãàðãà÷èõààä ñýòãýë óóæèð÷, ãàçàðäàõàä íü ñýòãýë àìàðíà äàà. Òýãýýä ë ñàéõàí àìðàõààðàà ãýðèéíõýý ç¿ã ÿâíà ø¿¿ äýý. Òàíàé ñýòã¿¿ëýýð äàìæóóëàí íºõºä人 òàëàðõàæ ÿâäãàà õýëüå. Ýíý áàéãóóëëàãàä àæèëëààä 5-6 æèë áîëæ áàéíà. Ýíý õóãàöààíä ººðèéí ãýñýí ìýðãýæèëòýé áîëæ, õàìò îëîí, íàéç íºõºäòýé, ãýð á¿ëòýé áîëëîî. Ìèíèé àìüäðàëûí á¿õèé ë ñàéõàí äóðñàìæ ýíý áàéãóóëëàãàòàé ìààíü õîëáîîòîé. Àìüäðàëûí äàëàéä çàâèà çàëóóðäàõàä ìèíü çààæ, çààâàðëàæ, ÷èãë¿¿ëæ ºãñºí áàéãóóëëàãûíõàà õàìò îëîíä áàÿðëàëàà ãýæ õýëìýýð áàéíà. Ìèíèé ºäèé çýðýãòýé ÿâàà íü òà á¿õíèé à÷ òóñ ø¿¿. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 49 ñîíãîäîã óðëàã TEAM ªÄÒÝÉ ÁÈ×Èà SKYSKY TEAM 2009 ãîä, Ìèëàí. Çíàìåíèòûé òåàòð “Ëà Ñêàëà”. Îñòàþòñÿ íåçàáûâàåìûå âîëíèòåëüíûå ìãíîâåíèÿ äî íà÷àëà ïåðâîé íîâîé ñîâðåìåííîé òâîð÷åñêîé ïðåìüåðû áàëåòìåéñòåðà Ðîëàí Ïåòè, ëåãåíäû ìèðîâîãî áàëåòíîãî èñêóññòâà, îáúåäèíèâøåãî íàèëó÷øèõ ñåãîäíÿøíèõ áàëåòìåéñòåðîâ ìèðà. Ïîëíûé çàë çðèòåëåé. 50 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Îòêðûòü çàíàâåñ ïåðâîãî âûñòóïëåíèÿ àíãëèéñêîãî áàëåòà Pink Floyd ïîä åå ñîáñòâåííóþ çíàìåíèòóþ êîìïîçèöèþ óäîñòîèëñÿ ÷åñòè ìîíãîëüñêèé àðòèñò áàëåòà Ä. Àëòàíõóÿã. “Õîòÿ íå áûâàåò òàêîãî, ÷òîáû àðòèñò íå âîëíîâàëñÿ ïåðåä âûõîäîì íà ñöåíó, êàæäûé èç íèõ ïîñëå íåóòîìèìûõ ïîäãîòîâèòåëüíûõ ðåïèòèöèé è âûñòóïëåíèÿ, Òàêèì îáðàçîì ðîæäàþòñÿ íîâûå è íîâûå ïðåìüåðû”, ïûòàåòñÿ, íàâåðíîå, óñïîêîèòüñÿ îí, ãîâîðèâøèé ðàíåå ýòè ñëîâà, è íå îòâëåêàÿñü íè íà êîãî ñîñðåäîòî÷èòüñÿ è ïðèãîòîâèòüñÿ ê âûõîäó íà ñöåíó. Ãëàâíûé òàíöîð àìåðèêàíñêîé êîìïàíèè “Áîñòîí áàëåò” Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã, äåáþòèðóþùèé â äàííîé ïðåìüåðå â òåàòðå “Ëà Ñêàëà”, ÿâëÿþùåãîñÿ ìèðîâûì öåíòðîì îïåðíîé êóëüòóðû, õðàáðèòñÿ ñëîâíî ëó÷øèé ñêàêóí, ñ íåòåðïåíèåì îæèäàþùèé ñòàðòà.  çàëå äëÿ çðèòåëåé ñèäÿò ïðåäñòàâèòåëè èç Ìîíãîëèè. Çàòàèâ äûõàíèÿ æäóò íà÷àëà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ðóêîâîäèòåëü ðîäíîãî òåàòðà è êîíñóë Ìîíãîëèè â Ìèëàíå, óâàæàåìûå Á.Ñýðãýëýí è Ö. Ãàíòóÿ, çíàâøèå î òîì, ÷òî íàø àðòèñò ïåðâûå íåñêîëüêî ìèíóò òàíöóåò îäèí, îòêðûâàÿ íà÷àëî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ. Ñâåò ïîòóñêíåë è íà÷àëàñü ìåëîäèÿ. Ñîâðåìåííàÿ ñöåíà, çàðÿæåííàÿ ïî ïîñëåäíåìó ñëîâó òåõíèêè, ñëîâíî ìàãè÷åñêàÿ è èíîïëàíåòíàÿ îâëàäåëà âíèìàíèåì çðèòåëåé. Ñòðåìèòåëüíûìè äâèæåíèÿìè, ñîâåðøåííî íå ïîõîæèìè íà òå, êîòîðûå ìîæíî óâèäåòü â êëàññè÷åñêèõ èëè ôàíòàñòè÷åñêèõ ôèëüìàõ ïîÿâèëñÿ îí íà ñöåíó. Ïîòðÿñøàÿ â 1970 ãîäàõ âåñü ìèð ìóçûêà ðîê ãðóïïû ãðîõîòàëà îòîâñþäó. Íåâîçìîæíî îòîðâàòü ãëàç îò óäèâèòåëüíûõ, ïîëíûõ òàëàíòà äâèæåíèé. Îäíà, äâå, òðè, ÷åòûðå, ïÿòü, øåñòü, ñåìü ýòè ìèíóò îí òàíöåâàë, ñëîâíî ðàçâèâàþùèéñÿ ôëàã ñàìîé ëó÷øåé, çíàìåíèòîé íà èñïûòàíèÿ îøåëîìèòåëüíîãî âåñü ìèð áàëåòíîé òðóïïû. Âñêîðå óñïåõà, ñòðåìèòñÿ ê ïîêàçó óæå âûøåäøèå çà íèì àðòèñòû çàïîëíèëè ïîñëåäóþùåãî âûñòóïëåíèÿ. ñöåíó. Òàêèì Ñâîåîáðàçíàÿ îáðàçîì ðîæäàþòñÿ èäåÿ ïîñòàâèòü íîâûå è íîâûå ïðåìüåðû”, ñöåíàðèé áàëåòà ïîä ðîê ìóçûêó ïûòàåòñÿ, óñïîêîèòüñÿ ìîãëà íàâåðíîå, ïðèéòè â ãîëîâó ëèøü Ðîëàíó îí, Ïåòè. ãîâîðèâøèé ðàíåå ýòèáûëî ñëîâà, Ïî äîñòîèíñòâó îöåíåíî è íå îòâëåêàÿñü íè íà êîãî ñîñðåäîòî÷èòüñÿ è ïðèãîòîâèòüñÿ ê âûõîäó íà ñöåíó. Ð.Îþóíæàðãàë 2009 îí, Ìèëàí. Àëäàðò “Ëà Ñêàëà” òåàòð. Äýëõèéí áàëåòèéí óðëàãèéí äîìîã áàëåòìåéñòåð Ðîëàí Ïåòè ìàíàé ãàðèãèéí ºíºº öàãèéí øèëäýã áàëåò÷äèéã íýãòãýæ íàéðóóëàí òàâüñàí îð÷èí ¿åèéí øèíý óðàí á¿òýýëèéí àíõíû òîãëîëò ýõëýõ òîðãîí àãøèí. Òàíõèì ä¿¿ðýí ¿çýã÷. Àíãëèéí àëäàðò Pink Floyd õàìòëàãèéí õºãæèìä òàâüñàí Pink Floyd áàëåòèéí àíõíû òîãëîëòûí õºøãèéã íýýõ õàðèóöëàãàòàé ¿¿ðýã ìîíãîë áàëåò÷èí Ä.Àëòàíõóÿãò íîãäæýý. “Òàéçíàà ãàðàõ ãýæ áàéãàà óðàí á¿òýýë÷ ñàíäðàõã¿é áàéõ ãýæ ¿ã¿é. Ãýõäýý ÿìàð ÷ óðàí á¿òýýë÷ óéãàã¿é áýëòãýë ñóðãóóëèëàëòûí à÷ààð ¿çýã÷äýäýý òààëàãäñàí òîãëîëò ¿ç¿¿ëýýä áóóõäàà àç æàðãàëûã ìýäýðäýã áîëîõîîð òýð óðàí á¿òýýë÷ äàõèí òàéçíàà ãàðàõààð äàðààãèéí òîãëîëòäîî áýëòãýäýã. Èíãýæ óðàí á¿òýýë àð àðààñàà òºðºí ãàðñààð áàéäàã” ãýæ íýãýí öàãò ÿðüæ áàéñàí òýðáýýð ýíý óäàà ÷ àëü áîëîõ òàéâàí áàéõûã õè÷ýýæ áàéãàà áèç ýý. Õýí íýãýíòýé ýëäâèéã ÿðèõã¿é, ãàãöõ¿¿ ñàéòàð òºâëºð÷ òàéçíàà ãàðàõàä áýëýí çîãñîíî. Äýëõèéí óðëàãèéí òîìîîõîí òºâ Ìèëàíû ò¿¿õýýð áàÿí “Ëà Ñêàëà” òåàòðò Àìåðèêèéí “Áîñòîí áàëåò” êîìïàíèéí ãîöëîë á¿æèã÷èí Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã èéíõ¿¿ òîãëîëòûí ñàëõèéã õàãàëàõààð ýãýý ë ãàðààíû çóðõàéãààñ õàçààð äàðàí ýðãýõ ãýæ áóé õóðäàí õ¿ëýã ëóãàà ä¿¿õýëçýíý. ¯çýã÷äèéí òàíõèìä ìîíãîë÷óóäûí òºëººëºë ñóóãàà. Òºðºëõ òåàòðûíõ íü çàõèðàë, õàòàãòàé Á.Ñýðãýëýí áîëîí Ìèëàí õîòîä Ìîíãîë Óëñààñ ñóóãàà ºðãºìæèò êîíñóë õàòàãòàé Ö.Ãàíòóÿà íàð ìàíàé áàëåò÷èí ýõíèé õýäýí ìèíóòàä ãàíöààðàà á¿æèãëýõ òóõàé ñîíññîí áàéñàí áîëîõîîð ãàð÷ èðýõèéã íü õ¿ëýýí àìüñãàà äàðíà. Ãýðýë á¿¿äèéæ õºãæèì ýõýëëýý. Òåõíèêèéí äýâøëýýð “çîäîæ” öýíýãëýñýí òàéç åð áóñûí, õàðü ãàðèãèéíõ ãýìýýð ¿ë òàíèõ îð÷èí òàéç, ¿çýã÷äèéã ýçýìäëýý. Ãÿë öàë, çºãíºëò êèíîíûõ ìýò îð÷èíä ñîíãîäãîîñ òýñ ººð õºäºëãººíººð á¿æèãëýñýýð ãîöëîî÷ Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã ãàðààä èðýõ íü òýð. 1970ààä îíä äýëõèé íèéòèéã äîðãèîæ áàéñàí àðò ðîê õàìòëàãèéí òèéì ãýõýä áýðõ ò¿ðãýí õýìíýë á¿õèé õºãæèì íèæèãíýíý. Öîð ãàíöààð ãàð÷ èðñýí á¿æèã÷èí áèå õàà, óðàí ÷àäâàðëàã õºäºëãººíºº ãàéõóóëàí á¿æèãëýõ íü õàðàà ñàëãàõûí àðãàã¿é. Íýã, õî¸ð, ãóðàâ, äºðºâ, òàâ, çóðãàà, äîëîîí ìèíóò òýðáýýð äýëõèéí øèëäýã áàëåò÷äûí áàãèéí òóã íü áîëîí íàìèðàõ ëóãàà òîãëîíî. Óäàëã¿é àðààñ íü áóñàä íü ãàð÷ èðñýýð òàéç ä¿¿ðýâ. Ðîê õºãæèìä áàëåò íàéðóóëàí òàâèõ íü ãàãöõ¿¿ Ðîëàí Ïåòèãýýñ ãàðàõ ºâºðìºö øèéäýë áèç ýý. Ýä¿ãýý 78 íàñòàé òýðõ¿¿ ìàñòåð Åâðîïûí õàìãèéí àëäàðòàé òåàòðûí òàéçíàà òîãëóóëàõ øèíý, äàõèí äàâòàãäàøã¿é óðàí á¿òýýëäýý òàëûí Ìîíãîëûí, äýëõèéí áàëåòèéí óðëàãèéí åðòºíöºä òºäèéëºí íýðä ãàð÷ àìæààã¿é áàéñàí áàëåò÷èíûã óðüæ òîãëóóëñíàà îíîâ÷òîé ñîíãîëò áîëæýý õýìýýí ä¿ãíýñýí áàéñàí. Ìåíåæìåíò, ìàðêåòèíãèéí óõààíààðàà ãàéõàãääàã òýðáýýð Ä.Àëòàíõóÿãèéã ýíý áàãò àâàõäàà ìàãàäã¿é õóâü á¿æèã÷íèé óð ÷àäâàð, îíöëîãèéã ¿íýëýõèéí çýðýãöýý “Ìîíãîë” õýìýýõ ºâºðìºö óëñ, íýð ¿çýã÷äèéí àíõààðëûã òàòíà ãýæ òîîöîîëñîí áàéæ ÷ áîëîõ. Pink Floyd áàëåòàä ñýòãýë õàíàñàí ¿çýã÷èä äýëõèéí øèëäýã óðàí á¿òýýë÷äýä õàëóóí àëãà òàøèëò áýëýãëýí “Áðàâî” õýìýýí õàøãèðñààð, òàíõèìààñ ãàðàõã¿é õîðãîäîí áàéâ. Òîãëîëòûí òºãñãºëèéí ¸ñîëãîî îíöãîé àãøèí áàéäàã áèëýý. Ýíý ¿åä áàÿð õººðò óìáàñàí ¿çýã÷äèéí ãîëä õààíààñ ãàðààä èðñýí þì ãýõýýð íýãýí ñîäîí ç¿éë áàéñàí íü Ìîíãîë Óëñûí òºðèéí äàëáàà. Òîäîîñ 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 51 ñîíãîäîã óðëàã SKY TEAM Õîéä Àìåðèêò òîìä òîîöîãääîã, äýðãýäýý áàëåòèéí ñóðãóóëüòàé “Áîñòîí áàëåò” êîìïàíèéí ãîöëîë á¿æèã÷èí Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã ãàäààäàä àæèëëàõ áîëñîí öàãààñàà õîéø Ìîíãîëäîî äýëõèéí øèëäýã áàëåò÷äûã óðüæ òîãëîëò õèéõñýí, Ìîíãîëûíõîî áàëåò÷äûí óð ÷àäâàðûã íýìýãä¿¿ëýõ, ¿çýã÷äèéí õºãæëèéã äýìæèõýä õóâü íýìðýý îðóóëàõñàí ãýæ áîäñîí. Ýíý ÷ çîðèëãîîð “Ìîíãîëûí áàëåòèéí õºãæèë” ñàí áàéãóóëñàí. Ñàíàæ ÿâáàë á¿òíý ãýäýã. Ìýäýýæ ç¿ãýýð ë ñàíààä ÿâààä áàéãààã¿é, çîãñîî çàéã¿é õºäºëìºðëºæ, õè÷ýýí ç¿òãýñíèé ¿ðýýð òýðáýýð ºíãºðñºí áîëîí ýíý îíû ýõýíä óëñûíõàà ñîíãîäîã óðëàãèéí òàéçíàà õî¸ð óäààãèéí îëîí óëñûí õýìæýýíèé òîìîîõîí òîãëîëò çîõèîí áàéãóóëàâ. 52 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 òîä õàðàãäàõ óã äàëáààã òàéçíààñ òàíüñàí Ä.Àëòàíõóÿãèéí ñýòãýë õàìãààñ èë¿¿ õºäºëñºí áàéæ òààðíà. Ìîíãîëûí áàëåò÷èí òóí îíöãîé, øèíý, äýëõèéí õýìæýýíèé óðàí á¿òýýëèéí ãîë ä¿ð¿¿äèéí íýãýíä òîãëîæ áàéõàä àæèë õýðãèéí àéë÷ëàëààð òóñ õîòîä î÷îîä áàéñàí Á.Ñýðãýëýí çàõèðàë íü ÿàæ áàÿð õ¿ðãýõýý ýðòíýýñ øèéäñýí áàéñàí íü òýð. Ò¿¿íèé ýíý øèéäâýð óðàí á¿òýýë÷ íºõºðò íü õý÷íýýí èõ áàõàðõàë, áàðäàìíàë òºð¿¿ëñýí áàéõ âý. Õîéä Àìåðèêò òîìä òîîöîãääîã, äýðãýäýý áàëåòèéí ñóðãóóëüòàé “Áîñòîí áàëåò” êîìïàíèéí ãîöëîë á¿æèã÷èí Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã ãàäààäàä àæèëëàõ áîëñîí öàãààñàà õîéø Ìîíãîëäîî äýëõèéí øèëäýã áàëåò÷äûã óðüæ òîãëîëò õèéõñýí, Ìîíãîëûíõîî áàëåò÷äûí óð ÷àäâàðûã íýìýãä¿¿ëýõ, ¿çýã÷äèéí õºãæëèéã äýìæèõ òàëä õóâü íýìðýý îðóóëàõñàí ãýæ áîäñîí. Ýíý ÷ çîðèëãîîð “Ìîíãîëûí áàëåòèéí õºãæèë” ñàí áàéãóóëñàí. Ñàíàæ ÿâáàë á¿òíý ãýäýã. Ìýäýýæ ç¿ãýýð ë ñàíààä ÿâààä áàéãààã¿é, çîãñîî çàéã¿é õºäºëìºðëºæ, õè÷ýýí ç¿òãýñíèé ¿ðýýð òýðáýýð ºíãºðñºí áîëîí ýíý îíû ýõýíä óëñûíõàà ñîíãîäîã óðëàãèéí òàéçíàà õî¸ð óäààãèéí îëîí óëñûí õýìæýýíèé òîìîîõîí òîãëîëò çîõèîí áàéãóóëàâ. Ýõíèéõ íü 2011 îíû çóðãàäóãààð ñàðä áîëñîí äýëõèéí øèëäýã áàëåò÷èä óð ÷àäâàðàà ãàéõóóëñàí áàëåòèéí ¿äýøëýã, íààäàì áàéëàà. Õàðèí äàðààãèéíõ íü îíû ýõýíä ¿çýã÷äèéí õ¿ðòýýë áîëñîí “Winter star” òîãëîëò çîõèîí áàéãóóëàõ õ¿ðýýíä òîëèëóóëñàí “Æèçåëü” áàëåò áàéëàà. Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã ýíýõ¿¿ áàëåòèéí ãîë ä¿ð Æèçåëüä Àíãëèéí õàòàí õààíû “Ðîÿë” òåàòðûí òýðã¿¿í çýðãèéí áàëåò÷èí Òàìàðà Ðîõàã óðüæ òîãëóóëñàí þì. Õàðèí ººðºº òàðèà÷èí ýìýãòýéí õàéðòàé õàðõ¿¿ Àëáåðòèéí ä¿ðä õóâèðàí äýëõèéä äàíñòàé óðàí á¿òýýë÷èä õàéðòàé õîñûí áèå áèåäýý òýì¿¿ëýõ õÿçãààðã¿é õ¿ñýë, äóðëàë, õàéðûíõ íü õ¿÷ õý÷íýýí èõ áîëîõûã èëòãýí òîãëîâ. Òîãëîëò ãàéõàëòàé áîëñîí. Äýëõèéí õýìæýýíèé îä, Èñïàíèàñ ãàðàëòàé áàëåò÷èí Òàìàðà Ðîõà á¿õ òàëààð ãàéõàìøèã áàéëàà. Óðüä ºìíº íü ñóðãààð ë èíòåðíýòýýñ õàðæ óÿí íàëàðõàé õºäºë㺺í, ãàð, õºëèéí çºâõºí ò¿¿íèéõ ãýõýýð äîíæòîé òàâèëò, æ¿æèãëýëò, õàðöûã íü õàðæ áèøèð÷ áàéñàí áàëåò÷èí Ìîíãîëûí òàéçíàà èð÷èõýýä á¿æèãëýæ áàéõ þì ãýæ ñàíààã¿é ÿâæýý. Ñîíãîäîã óðëàã, òýð òóñìàà áàëåò ø¿òýí áèøèðäýã ¿çýã÷äèéí õ¿ñýë ìºðººäëèéã Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã èéíõ¿¿ áèåë¿¿ëñýí þì. Òàìàðà õºãæ캺ñºº ñåêóíä, äîëèéí çºð¿¿ã¿é á¿æèãëýõ, íýã íîîòíîîñ íº��ººãèéí õîîðîíä óðñàí, óóñàí á¿æèõ íü áàëåò÷èí ººðºº õºãæìèéí ýãøèã ìýò. Áàëåòìåéñòåð¿¿ä øàâü íàðààñàà ÷óõàì èéì ã¿éöýòãýë íýõýæ øàõàæ øààðääàã þì áèëýý. Òýãýõýýð ¿íýõýýð Ä.Àëòàíõóÿãèéí çîðüäîã÷ëîí Ìîíãîëûí áàëåòèéí óðàí á¿òýýë÷äýä ¿ëãýð áîëîõ øèëäýã æ¿æèã÷èí, äýëõèéí îä íýãýí ¿äýø ìîíãîë áàëåò÷èäòàé õàìò òîãëîîä áóöñàí þì. Ýíý áîë Ìîíãîëûíõîî óðëàãèéí õºãæëèéí òºëºº áàéíãà ñàíàà òàâüæ ÿâäàã, ç¿ðõ ñýòãýëäýý ýõ îðíîî òýýæ ÿâäàã óðàí á¿òýýë÷èéí õºäºëìºð, ç¿òãýë áèëýý. Ìîíãîëûí áàëåòèéí óðàí á¿òýýë÷äèéí òýðã¿¿í ìàãíàé, Ìîíãîë Óëñûí ãàâüÿàò æ¿æèã÷èí, ýãýë äàðóó óðàí á¿òýýë÷ òýðáýýð öààøèä ÷ îëîí îëîí ãýíýòèéí áýëýã áàðèíà ãýäýãò èòãýëòýé áàéíà. Ýíý îíû íýãä¿ãýýð ñàðä ÄÁÝÒûí òàéçíàà Òàìàðà Ðîõà ãîë ä¿ðèéã íü á¿òýýñíýýð ¿çýã÷äèéí õ¿ðòýýë áîëãîñîí À.Àäàíû “Æèçåëü” áàëåòèéí áýëòãýë àæëûã õàíãàõààð ò¿ð¿¿ëæ èðýýä áàéõ ¿åä íü Ä.Àëòàíõóÿãòàé ãàâüÿàòòàé ÿðèëöñàí þì. -¯çýã÷èä áàëåò÷èí Òàìàðà Ðîõàã ñàéí ìýäýõã¿é. Ò¿¿íèéã òàíèëöóóëàà÷? -Àíãëèä ò¿¿íèéã ìýäýõã¿é õ¿í áàéõã¿é áàéõ. Òýð ¿íäýñòíèé áàõàðõàë áîëñîí óðàí á¿òýýë÷äèéíõ íü íýã. Ãëàâíûé òàíöîð àìåðèêàíñêîé êîìïàíèè “Áîñòîí áàëåò” Ä.Àëòàíõóÿã, äåáþòèðóþùèé â äàííîé ïðåìüåðå â òåàòðå “Ëà Ñêàëà”, ÿâëÿþùåãîñÿ ìèðîâûì öåíòðîì îïåðíîé êóëüòóðû, õðàáðèòñÿ ñëîâíî ëó÷øèé ñêàêóí, ñ íåòåðïåíèåì îæèäàþùèé ñòàðòà.  çàëå äëÿ çðèòåëåé ñèäÿò ïðåäñòàâèòåëè èç Ìîíãîëèè. Çàòàèâ äûõàíèÿ æäóò íà÷àëà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ðóêîâîäèòåëü ðîäíîãî òåàòðà è êîíñóë Ìîíãîëèè â Ìèëàíå, óâàæàåìûå Á.Ñýðãýëýí è Ö. Ãàíòóÿ, çíàâøèå î òîì, ÷òî íàø àðòèñò ïåðâûå íåñêîëüêî ìèíóò òàíöóåò îäèí, îòêðûâàÿ íà÷àëî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ. Ñâåò ïîòóñêíåë è íà÷àëàñü ìåëîäèÿ. Ñîâðåìåííàÿ ñöåíà, çàðÿæåííàÿ ïî ïîñëåäíåìó ñëîâó òåõíèêè, ñëîâíî ìàãè÷åñêàÿ è èíîïëàíåòíàÿ îâëàäåëà âíèìàíèåì çðèòåëåé. Ñòðåìèòåëüíûìè äâèæåíèÿìè, ñîâåðøåííî íå ïîõîæèìè íà òå, êîòîðûå ìîæíî óâèäåòü â êëàññè÷åñêèõ èëè ôàíòàñòè÷åñêèõ ôèëüìàõ ïîÿâèëñÿ îí íà ñöåíó. Ïîòðÿñøàÿ â 1970 ãîäàõ âåñü ìèð ìóçûêà ðîê ãðóïïû ãðîõîòàëà îòîâñþäó. Íåâîçìîæíî îòîðâàòü ãëàç îò óäèâèòåëüíûõ, ïîëíûõ òàëàíòà äâèæåíèé. Îäíà, äâå, òðè, ÷åòûðå, ïÿòü, øåñòü, ñåìü ýòè ìèíóò îí òàíöåâàë, ñëîâíî ðàçâèâàþùèéñÿ ôëàã ñàìîé ëó÷øåé, çíàìåíèòîé íà âåñü ìèð áàëåòíîé òðóïïû. Âñêîðå âûøåäøèå çà íèì àðòèñòû çàïîëíèëè ñöåíó. Ñâîåîáðàçíàÿ èäåÿ ïîñòàâèòü ñöåíàðèé áàëåòà ïîä ðîê ìóçûêó ìîãëà ïðèéòè â ãîëîâó ëèøü Ðîëàíó Ïåòè. Ïî äîñòîèíñòâó áûëî îöåíåíî óäà÷íîå ïðèãëàøåíèå 78ëåòíèì ìàñòåðîì òàëàíòëèâåéøèõ, åùå íå ïîñòèãøèõ ìèðîâóþ ñëàâó â áàëåòíîì èñêóññòâå àðòèñòîâ èç Ìîíãîëèè è ò.ä. íà ñöåíó ñàìîãî çíàìåíèòîãî òåàòðà Åâðîïû. Ïðèãëàøàÿ îñîáåííîãî, òàëàíòëèâîãî àðòèñòà Ä. Àëòàíõóÿãà, óäèâëÿþùåãî ñâîèì ìàðêåòèíãîâîìåíåäæìåíòñêèì çíàíèåì, îí òàêæå ñòàâèë ñòàâêó íà åãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèå èç ñòðàíû, ñî ñâîåáðàçíîé êóëüòóðîé, èñòîðèåé, ïðèâëåêàþùèõ âíèìàíèå çðèòåëåé. Äîâîëüíûå ïðåäñòàâëåíèåì Pink Floyd áàëåòà çðèòåëè, ãîðÿ÷î àïëîäèðóþùèå ñ êðèêàìè “Áðàâî!” íå õîòåëè óõîäèòü èç çàëà. Ïîêëîí, îòäàâàåìûé àðòèñòàìè â êîíöå ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ, îáû÷íî çàíèìàåò íåñêîëüêî ìãíîâåíèé. Íà ïîÿâëåíèå âäîõíîâëåííûõ è ñ÷àñòëèâûõ çðèòåëåé íà ñöåíó ïîâëèÿëà çàìåòíàÿ âåùü – ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé ôëàã Ìîíãîëèè. Õîðîøî âèäíûé ñî ñöåíû ðîäíîé ôëàã, ñêîðåå âñåãî âäâîéíå âçâîëíîâàë Ä. Àëòàíõóÿãà. Ïîåõàâøàÿ òóäà ïî ñëóæåáíûì äåëàì Á. Ñýðãýëýí çàðàíåå ïîçàáîòèëàñü î òîì, êàê äîñòàâèòü ðàäîñòü ñîîòå÷åñòâåííèêó- àðòèñòó, êîòîðûé óäîñòîèëñÿ îäíîé èç ãëàâíûõ ðîëåé â íîâåéøåì, ñïåöýôåêòíîì ïðåäñòàâëåíèè ìèðîâîãî ìàñøòàáà. Ýòî ðåøåíèå äîëæíî áûòü äîñòàâèëî ðàäîñòü è ãîðäîñòü åå ñóïðóãó, òàêæå òâîð÷åñêîé ëè÷íîñòè. Ñ òîãî âðåìåíè, êàê Ä. Àëòàíõóÿã ñòàë ãëàâíûì òàíöîðîì àìåðèêàíñêîé êîìïàíèè “Áîñòîí áàëåò”, èìåþùåé ñîáñòâåííóþ øêîëó, îí âíåñ âêëàä â ðàçâèòèå îòå÷åñòâåííîãî áàëåòà, ïîâûøåíèå ñïîñîáíîñòåé àðòèñòîâ, ñïîñîáñòâîâàë ïðèãëàøåíèþ èíîñòðàííûõ çíàìåíèòûõ àêòåðîâ íà ðîäèíó. Ñ ýòîé öåëüþ áûë ñîçäàí ôîíä “Ðàçâèòèå ìîíãîëüñêîãî áàëåòà”. Ãîâîðÿò, ÷òî âñå, ÷òî çàäóìàíî, ñáûâàåòñÿ. Åñòåñòâåííî íå îáõîäèòñÿ âñå òîëüêî ìûñëÿìè, â ðåçóëüòàòå áåñïðåñòàííîé ðàáîòû è ñòàðàíèé ñ ïðîøëîãî ãîäà íà èçáðàííîé îòå÷åñòâåííîé ñöåíå ïðîøëè äâà áîëüøèõ ìåðîïðèÿòèÿ ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ìàñøòàáà. Ïåðâûé èç íèõ â èþíå 2011 ãîäà, êîãäà áûë îòïðàçäíîâàí âå÷åð áàëåòà, ñëåäóþùåå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå “Winter stàr” áàëåòà “Æèçåëü” òàêæå ïîðàäîâàë çðèòåëåé. Íà ãëàâíóþ ðîëü â Æèçåëü Ä. Àëòàíõóÿãîì áûëà ïðèãëàøåíà áàëåðèíà Òàìàðà Ðîõà èç àíãëèéñêîãî êîðîëåâñêîãî áàëåòà “Ðîÿë”. Ñàì æå îí ñûãðàë âîçëþáëåííîãî êðåñòüÿíêè Àëüáåðòà, ïîêàçàâ âåëè÷èå ëþáâè âî âñåé êðàñå. Ìèðîâàÿ çâåçäà, èñïàíêà Òàìàð Ðîõà ñûãðàëà âåëèêîëåïíî. Çðèòåëè è íå ïîäîçðåâàëè î òîì, ÷òî ñìîãóò ïðèéòè è ïîñìîòðåòü íà ðîäíîé ñöåíå íà òó, òàëàíòîì êîòîðîé âîñõèùàëèñü ëèøü â èíòåðíåòå. Àëòàíõóÿã îñóùåñòâèë ìå÷òó ìíîãèõ öåíèòåëåé áàëåòíîãî èñêóññòâà. Òàìàðà, òàíöóþùàÿ, íå îñòàâàÿ íè íà äîëþ ñåêóíäû îò ìåëîäèè, ïëûâóùàÿ îò îäíîé íîòû â äðóãóþ, ñàìà êàê òàíöóþùèé çâóê ìåëîäèè. Èìåííî òàêîãî èñïîëíåíèÿ òðåáóþò îò ó÷åíèêîâ áàëåòìåéñòåðû ìèðà. Ïðèãëàøåíèå àðòèñòà òàêîãî óðîâíÿ, áóêâàëüíî ëåãåíäû äëÿ íàøèõ àðòèñòîâ áàëåòà, ñîâìåñòíàÿ èãðà ñ íåé íà îäíîé ñöåíå ãîâîðèò î òîì, ÷òî Ä. Àëòàíõóÿã çàáîòèòüñÿ î ðàçâèòèè îòå÷åñòâåííîé êóëüòóðû è èñêóññòâà è ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïàòðèîòîì ñâîåé ñòðàíû. Âåðèòñÿ, ÷òî è â äàëüíåéøåì áóäåò ðàäîâàòü íàñ ïåðåäîâîé òàíöîð áàëåòíîãî èñêóññòâà, çàñëóæåííûé àðòèñò Ìîíãîëèè Ä. Àëòàíõóÿã. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 53 ÒÅÕÍÎËÎÃÈ SKY TEAM ªíãºðñºí 10 æèëä áèçíåñèéí åðòºíöºä þó áîëîîä ºíãºðºâ ºº. Ñàíõ¿¿ãèéí õÿìðàë, Óîëë Ñòðèòèéí èíäåêñ óðüä õîæèä áàéãààã¿éãýýð øàëäàà îðòîë óíàñàí, ÀÍÓ-ûí òîï òàâûí íýã “Lehman Borthers” áàíê äàìïóóðñàí, Áåðíàðä Ìýääîôôèéí “àãóó” çàëèëàí èëýðñýí ãýýä àðâèí áàÿëàã ¿éë ÿâäàë áàéíà àà. ¯¿í äýýð íýìæ îíöëîõ ç¿éë áîë Ñòèâ Æîáñ. Òýð áîë áèçíåñèéí íýã ãîö ¿çýãäýë áàéëàà. ªíãºðñºí 10 æèëä ò¿¿íèé õèéæ á¿òýýñýíòýé ýí òýíöýõ “áèçíåñá¿òýýë” ãàðãàñàí CEO ¿íýíäýý áàéõã¿é. Òýð 2000-ààä îíû ýõýýð áàðàã 54 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 ìàðòàãäàæ îðõèîä, õýí ÷ ñàíàõàà áàéñàí Apple êîìïàíèéã õºë äýýð íü áîñãîæ, õÿìðàëûí èõ øóóðãûã ÷ àæðàëã¿é äàâàõ õ¿÷èðõýã áèçíåñèéã õºãæ¿¿ëæ ÷àäñàí. Ò¿¿íä áóðõàí çºâõºí áèçíåñèéí ãàéõàìøèãò óð ÷àäâàð çàÿàãààä îõèñîíã¿é, óðàí áàÿëàã øèíý ñàíàà, á¿òýýë òóóðâèõ óðàí á¿òýýë÷ ñýòãýëãýý, óõààí áàñ õàéðëàæýý. Á¿õýë á¿òýí 10 æèëèéã ò¿¿íèé á¿òýýñýí iPod, iPhone, iPad ýçýãíýíõýí øóóãèóëëàà. Ñòèâ Æîáñûí õàðüÿàëàãäàõ ñàëáàð íü ìýäýýëëèéí òåõíîëîãè áîëîâ÷ ºä㺺 õàðèëöàà õîëáîî, ¿¿ðýí òåëåôîí, õºãæèì, êèíî óðëàãò ÷ òîìîîõîí ººð÷ëºëò àâ÷èðñàí. ªíººãèéí äýëõèéí ñî¸ë óðëàãò ò¿¿íèé îðóóëñàí õóâü íýìðèéã òîîöîõûí àðãàã¿é. 10 æèëèéí ºìíº íýðèéã íü ÷ äóóëààã¿é áàéñàí iTune-èéã ñàíàÿ. Ñ.Æîáñûí íýðýýð îâîãëîñîí iPod çýõ çýýëä íýâòýðñíèé äàðàà iTune ãýã÷ õºãæìèéí åðòºíöèéí öîî øèíý íýð òîìú¸î îëíû äóíä äýëãýð÷, CD öîìãèéã ñîíèðõîõîî áîëèîä áàéñàí õºãæèì ñîíèðõîã÷èä êîìïüþòåðýýð ìàø õÿëáàð àðãààð äóóã òàòàí àâ÷ ñîíñäîã ýíý àðãàä øèìòýí äóðëàöãààñàí áèëýý. ×óõàì Ñ.Æîáñûí ñýäñýí ýíý àðãûí à÷ààð õºãæìèéí åðòºíö äàõèí ñýðãýæ, íýãýí øèíý ýðèí ¿å ð¿¿ øèëæñýí þì. ªíººäºð 170 ñàÿ õ¿í iPod õýìýýõ îð÷èí ¿åèéí áÿöõàí ýãøèãò õàéðöàã õàëààñàíäàà àâ÷ ÿâàõ áîëæ. Ñòèâ Æîáñûí ýðèí 1997 îíä ýõýëñýí þì. Òýð ¿åä Ñòèâ á¿ð 10 ãàðóé æèëèéí ºìíº îðõèñîí Apple êîìïàíèäàà ýðãýí èðñýí. Íýãýí öàãò ¿¿ñãýí áàéãóóëæ àñàí êîìïàíèäàà èðýõýä òýð íü áàðàã ñàëáàðûíõàà õàìãèéí ìóó êîìïàíèóäûí òîîíä îð÷èõñîí ÿâæ. Èíãýýä Ñ.Æîáñûí ºìíº èõ àæèë óíäàðñàí þì. Ñ.Æîáñ ýõëýýä êîìïàíèäàà øèíý äýã æóðàì òîãòîîñîí. Òýð áàñ ìåíåæìåíòèéí øèíý áàã á¿ðä¿¿ëæ, ò¿¿íäýý ºìíº õàìòðàí àæèëëàæ áàéñàí êîìïàíèéí ã¿éöýòãýõ çàõèðëóóäûã óðüæ îðóóëæýý. ×óõàìäàà ýíý ìåíåæìåíòèéí áàãò îðñîí ýêñ ÑEO íàð ºíãºðñºí 10 æèëä Ñ.Æîáñûí òàðõèíû íýã õýñýã áîëîí õàìòðàí àæèëëàæ, ºíººãèéí àìæèëòàä õ¿ðãýëöñýí õ¿ì¿¿ñ. Ñ.Æîáñ ýðãýæ èðñíèéõýý äàðàà òºä óäàëã¿é àíõíû Macintosh iMac-àà ãàðãàâ. Ò¿¿íèé øèíý á¿òýýë “íýã äîðîîñ á¿ãäèéã” ãýäýã øèã àâñààðõàí áàéñíààðàà Apple-èéí ñàíõ¿¿ã ñýðãýýæ ÷àäàõóéö àìæèëò àâ÷èðñàí þì. ¯íý ºðòºã ºíäºðòýé iMac êîìïüþòåð Apple êîìïàíèéí äàíñ òîîöîîã õýâèéí áîëãîæ, Ñòèâ Æîáñ ýíý ¿åýñ äàðààãèéí òîìîîõîí àæëûí áýëòãýëäýý îðæýý. Èíãýýä 2000 îíû ýõýýð äýëõèéí ýäèéí çàñàã õÿìðàë ðóó ààæìààð äºõºæ, õºðºíãèéí áèðæ¿¿äèéí èíäåêñ äîîøèëæ ýõýëñýí òýð ¿åä Apple õýðýãëýã÷äýä ýýëæ äàðààëàí ñþðïðèç áàðüæ ýõëýâ. Íýãä¿ãýýð ñàðä iTune õºãæìèéí ñîôòâýéðèéã øèíýýð òàíèëöóóëñàí Ñòèâ Æîáñ õî¸ð ñàðûí äàðàà MacOS X ¿éëäëèéí ñèñòåìèéã õýðýãëýýíä ãàðãàæ, òàâàí ñàðä íü “Apple” íýðèéí äýëã¿¿ðýý áàéãóóëæ, ¿¿íýýñ çóðãààí ñàðûí äàðàà 5GBûí 1000 äóó õàäãàëàõ áàãòààìæòàé iPod-ûã õóäàëäààíä ãàðãàæýý. Ãýõäýý çàõ çýýë Ñ.Æîáñòîé ýí òýíöýõ¿éö õóðäòàéãààð á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í¿¿äèéã íü õ¿ëýýí àâ÷ ÷àäààã¿é þì. Õ¿ì¿¿ñ iTuneèéã çºâõºí iMac äýýð àæèëëàäàã õºãæìèéí ñîôòâýéð òºäèé㺺ð îéëãîñîí áîë õàðèí MacOS X ¿éëäëèéí ñèñòåì çºâõºí òîäîðõîé çàõ çýýëýýð ë õÿçãààðëàãäàæ áàéâ. iPod-ûã ÷ MP3-èéí õýìæýýíä õ¿ëýýí àâñàí ó÷ðààñ Apple õ¿ññýí àìæèëòäàà õ¿ðñýíã¿é, õóâüöàà íü óíàæýý. Ýíý ¿åä Ñ.Æîáñûí õàìãèéí ñàéí íàéç “Oracle”èéí ã¿éöýòãýõ çàõèðàë Ýëëèñîí ò¿¿íýýñ êîìïàíèéã íü õóäàëäàí àâàõ ñàíàë òàâüñàí ÷ ò¿¿íä êîìïàíèà çàðæ èäýýä ººðºº ìºí㺠îëîõîîñ èë¿¿ òîì çîðèëãî áàéñàí áîëîõîîð ýðñ øèéäìýã òàòãàëçæýý. Òýðýýð íýã ñàëáàðûí “Microsoft”-òîé áèø ò¿¿íýýñ õàâüã¿é òîì öàõèëãààí áàðààíû “Sony”-òîé ºðñºëäºíº ãýñýí áîäîëòîé áàéëàà. Ýíý çîðèëãîä íü õ¿ðãýõ ãîë àðãà çàìûã òý𠺺𺺠ìýäýæ áàéñàí þì. Òýð áîë õýðýãëýã÷èäòýéãýý øóóä õàðèëöàõ, òýäýíòýé ÿðèëöàõ áàéâ. Åð íü, Ñòèâ Æîáñûí íýã îíöëîã áºãººä äàâóó òàë áîë æèæèã ñàæèã ãýëòã¿é êîìïàíèéí á¿õèé ë ¿éë àæèëëàãààíä ººðèéí áèåýð îðîëöäîã çàí. Òýðýýð õýðýãëýã÷èäòýéãýý øóóä õàðèëöäàã áîëîõîîð þó õ¿ñ÷ áàéãàà íü ìýääýã, ìýäýæ áàéãàà ç¿éëýý çààâàë á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íäýý òóñãàäàã áàéëàà. Ò¿¿íèéã õýð áàðãèéí ÑÅÎ íàðûí îðîëöîîä áàéäàãã¿é àæèëä ººðèéí ãàð áèåýð îðîëöäîã ãýæ õàìòðàã÷èä íü ÿðüäàã. Òóõàéëáàë Apple-èéí íýðèéí äýëã¿¿ð àíõ íýýãäýõ ãýæ áàéõàä òýðýýð äýëã¿¿ðèéí èíòåðüåð, ýêñòåðüåð äèçàéí, ºí㺠áóäãèéí ñîíãîëò ãýýä á¿ãäèéã ººðèéí ñàíààãààð õèéæ ã¿éöýòã¿¿ëæýý. Apple-èéí, Ñ.Æîáñûí áàñ íýã îíöëîã íü òýð çºâõºí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íèé ÷àíàð, ¿éëäëèéí ôóíêöýä àíõààðààä çîãñîõã¿é 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 55 ÒÅÕÍÎËÎÃÈ SKY TEAM äýëã¿¿ðèéí èíòåðüåð, ýêñòåðüåð äèçàéí, ºí㺠áóäãèéí ñîíãîëò ãýýä á¿ãäèéã ººðèéí ñàíààãààð õèéæ ã¿éöýòã¿¿ëæýý. Apple-èéí, Ñ.Æîáñûí áàñ íýã îíöëîã íü òýð çºâõºí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íèé ÷àíàð, ¿éëäëèéí ôóíêöýä àíõààðààä çîãñîõã¿é äèçàéíä íü ò¿¿íýýñ äóòàõã¿é à÷ õîëáîãäîë ºãäºã. Òèéìäýý ÷ ýíý êîìïàíèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í¿¿ä õàìãèéí àâñààðõàí, õàìãèéí öýìöãýð, õàìãèéí äýãæèí áàéäàã áèëýý. iPhone, iPad àíõ çàõ çýýëä ãàð÷ èðýõäýý ë øèíýëýã äèçàéí, ºí㺠¿çýìæýýðýý õýðýãëýã÷äèéã ÿàæ òàòàæ áàéëàà äàà. “Apple” êîìïàíè 2005 îíîîñ õîéø àæèëëàæ áàéæ á¿òýýñýí iPhone õýìýýõ ñìàðòôîíîî 2007 îíû íýãä¿ãýýð ñàðä äýëõèé íèéòýä òàíèëöóóëàâ. Á¿õýëäýý ìýäðýã÷ äýëãýö á¿õèé, èíòåðíýòýä ÷ºëººòýé õîëáîãäîæ, îëîí òºðëèéí ¿éëäýë õèéäýã ýíý øèíý ¿åèéí ãàð óòàñ òýð ¿åýñ ë äýëõèé íèéòèéã õóéëðóóëæ ýõýëñýí. Õýäèéãýýð áóñàä ¿éëäâýðëýã÷äèéí ñìàðòôîíóóä äóó äóóãàà àâàëöàí ãàð÷ èðæ áàéñàí ÷ “Apple” êîìïàíè iPhone-îî ¿ðãýëæ øèíý÷èëæ ñàéæðóóëæ ïðîãðàììûã íü áàÿæóóëæ áàéãààãèéí õ¿÷èíä õýðýãëýã÷äèéí õàìãèéí ñîíèðõäîã, ýðýëòòýé ñìàðòôîíû íýã áàéñààð 56 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 áàéíà. Àíõíû çàãâàðààñàà õîéø iPhone 3G, iPhone3GS, iPhone4, iPhone 4S ãýýä äºðâºí ÷ çàãâàð ãàðãààä áàéãàà ýíý óòàñ ºíººäºð ñìàðòôîíû çàõ çýýëèéí 24 õóâèéã äàíãààð ýçýëæ, ñàëáàðûíõàà õàìãèéí õ¿÷òýé ºðñºëäºã÷ “Samsung”-ààñ ÿëèìã¿é èë¿¿ ÿâæ áàéíà. Õàðèí òàáëåò êîìïüþòåðèéí çàõ çýýëä áîë “Apple”-èéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í áàðàã äàíãààð íî¸ðõîæ áàéíà. Ãàð êîìïüþòåðèéí àíõäàã÷ áîëñîí iPad 2010 îíû íýãä¿ãýýð ñàðä àíõ õóäàëäààíä ãàðñàí ºä𺺠ë 300 ìÿíãàí õóâü áîðëîãäîæ øèíý ¿åèéí çàëóóñûã õóéëðóóëæ, òýä áàðàã õîíîí ºíæèí äóãààðëàæ áàéæ õàëààñàíä áàãòàõ êîìïüþòåðèéã ººðèéí áîëãîæ áàéâ. Òýð ¿åýñ õîéø ºíººäðèéã õ¿ðòýë, 2011 îíû ýöñèéí áàéäëààð íèéòäýý 55 ñàÿ øèðõýã iPad õóäàëäààëàãäààä áàéãàà íü òàáëåò êîìïüþòåðèéí çàõ çýýëèéí 75 õóâèéã äàíãààð ýçýëæ áàéíà ãýñýí ¿ã. Ãýõäýý ¿¿íä õàìãèéí ñ¿¿ëä ãàðñàí iPad3-ûí áîðëóóëàëòûã ÷ òîîöîîã¿é ãýäãèéã ñàíà. Õýäõýí õîíîãèéí ºìíº õóäàëäààíä ãàðñàí iPad3 ãàíöõàí äîëîî õîíîãèéí äîòîð ãóðâàí ñàÿ õóâü áîðëîãäîæ áàéíà. Õóäàëäàí àâàã÷èä ÿã õî¸ð æèëèéí ºìíºõ øèã “Apple”-èéí íýðèéí äýëã¿¿ðèéí ãàäíà îî÷åðëîäîã õýâýýðýý. Îäîî Ñòèâ Æîáñ òýíãýðò õàà íýãòýý èíýýìñýãëýí ñóóãàà áèç ýý. Õýäèé òýðýýð ¿¿ñãýí áàéãóóëæ, ºäèé çýðýãò õ¿ðãýñýí êîìïàíèà îðõèí îäñîí ÷ “Apple” ºíººäºð äýëõèéí õàìãèéí ºíäºð ¿íýëãýýòýé êîìïàíè áîëæýý. Øèíý iPad-àà ãàðãàíà õýìýýí ºíãºðñºí íýãä¿ãýýð ñàðä çàðëàñàíòàé çýðýãöýí òóñ êîìïàíèéí çàõ çýýëèéí ¿íýëãýý 500 òýðáóì àì.äîëëàð äàâñàí þì. ÀÍÓ-ûí ò¿¿õýíä 500 òýðáóìààñ äýýø ¿íýëýãäñýí êîìïàíè åð人 çóðãàà ë áèé. Ýíý íü óëñààð áîë äýëõèéä 17-ä áè÷èãäýõ õýìæýýíèé ýäèéí çàñàãòàé îðîí ãýñýí ¿ã. “Apple” ºíººäºð ýäèéí çàñãèéí öàð õýìæýýãýýðýý Ïîëüøîîñ ÷ òîì ã¿ðýí áîëæýý. Ýíý “ã¿ðíèé” æèëèéí îðëîãî 46 òýðáóì, öýâýð àøèã íü çóðãààí òýðáóì àì.äîëëàðààð ÿðèãäàæ áàéíà. 37 ñàÿ iPhone. 15.4 ñàÿ iPad. 15 ñàÿ iPod. Òàâàí ñàÿ Mac. Íýã ñàÿ çóðàãò. Ýíý áîë çºâõºí 2011 îíû ñ¿¿ëèéí ãóðâàí ñàðûí äîòîð “Apple”-èéí õèéñýí áîðëóóëàëò. Ýíý íü iPhoneèé áîðëóóëàëò ºìíºõ æèëèéí ìºí ¿åýñ 128, iPad-ûí õóäàëäàà 111 õóâèàð íýìýãäñýí ãýñýí ¿ã. Ñòèâ Æîáñ “Apple”èéã îðõèñîí ÷ õýðýãëýã÷èä íü õàðèí îðõèñîíã¿é. WORLD MONGOLIA SKY TEAM 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 57 òàíèí ìýäýõ¯é SKY TEAM “Ìîðèí òîëãîéò”-ûí òàìãàëñàí æàíæíû òàëáàé Ãàçàð øîðîîíû àæèë ìåõàíèêæèæ ÷àäààã¿é áàéñàí òýð ¿åä ãàãöõ¿¿ çàìûí ãàçðûí õ¿÷ýýð ã¿éöýòãýõýä õ¿íä áàéñíûã õàðãàëçàí Óëààíáààòàð õîòîä á¿õ íèéòèéí õ¿÷èéã çîõèîí áàéãóóëæ àæèëëóóëàõààð øèéäâýð ãàð÷, íàì, ýâñëèéí ãèø¿¿ä, õîòûí õºäºëìºð÷èä, àëáàí õààã÷èä, íàì ýâñëèéí óäèðäàã÷èä ìàðøàë ×îéáàëñàí, Þ.Öýäýíáàë íàð õ¿ðòýë ººðèéí áèåýð îðîëöîæ àíõ óäàà õîòûí õýìæýýíä ºðãºí ñóááîòíèêèéí àæëûã Óëààíáààòàð õîòûí Íàìûí õîðîî ýðõëýí çîõèîí áàéãóóëñàí áèëýý. ýã ºäðèéí äîòîð 60 ìÿíãàí øîî ìåòð ãàçàð øîðîîíû àæèë õèéæ øîðîîã òàðààæ òýãøèëñýí þì. Îëíûã õàìàðñàí ýíý àæèë íü îëîí ò¿ìíèé õ¿÷ýýð íèéñëýë õîòîî òîõèæóóëæ çàì òàëáàé çàñàõ, ç¿ëýã íîãîî òàðèõ, ìîä ñóóëãàõ, öýöýðëýãæ¿¿ëýõýä õè÷íýýí èõ àæèë õèéæ áîëîõûã òýð íýãýí ºäðèéí àæëûí ¿ð ä¿í õàðóóëñàí þì. ¯¿íýýñ óëàìæëàí íèéòèéí õ¿÷ýýð çàì áàðèëãûí ãàçàð øîðîîíû àæèëä õîòûí õºäºëìºð÷èä îëîí 58 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 óäàà îðîëöîæ áàéâ. Öàðäàõ òàëáàéí ñóóðèíä ñàéí ÷àíàðûí óóëûí õàéðãà 200 ìÿíãàí øîî ìåòð, áóòàëñàí ÷óëóó 11 ìÿíãàí øîî ìåòð, çàìûí õàøëàãà 6000 øèðõýãèéã áýëòãýæ, ãàðààð à÷èæ áóóëãàæ òàðààæ áàéëàà. Òýýâýð õ¿ðýëöýýã¿éãýýñ çàðèì ¿åä ÄÒ-65 òðàêòîðò 4 ÷èðã¿¿ë ÷èð÷, äàëàí äàâõàðûí ÷óëóóíû êàðüåðààñ Ñ¿õáààòàðûí òàëáàé õ¿ðòýë 7 êì õ¿ðòýë ãàçàð òýýâýðëýæ áàéâ. Äîòîîä ÿàìíû òºâ àïïàðàò áîëîí õîòûí õàðüÿà ãàçðóóäûí îôèöåð, àëáàí õààã÷äûí äóíä íýã ºäðèéí óðàëäààí çîõèîí áàéãóóëæ, áóòàëñàí ÷óëóó òýýâýðëýõ óðàëäààíä çàìûí ãàçðûí æîëîî÷ Ëàìçàâ íýã ýýëæèíä 30 óäààãèéí ã¿éëò õèéæI áàéð ýçëýýä ýðýãòýé õ¿íèé õðîìîí ãóòëààð øàãíàãäàæ áàéæýý. Èéíõ¿¿ áîëçîëòîé óðàëäààíûã óëàì ºðí¿¿ëæ, Ñ¿õáààòàðûí òàëáàéã öàðäàõàä íýã ÷óõàë áàéñàí ãàäààä ìàòåðèàë / áèòóì/ õàð òîñ 1200 òîííûã öàãààí ýðãèéí äàìæëàãà áààçààñ òýýâýðëýõ áîëæ çîõèõ ãàçðûí øèéäâýðýýð öàãààí ýðãýýñ Óëààíáààòàð ÷èãëýëä áàðàà òýýâýðëýæ ÿâñàí ìàøèí á¿ðò 50 êã æèíòýé ãóðâàí áîîäîë /150 êã/ áèòóìûã äàéâàðëàí òýýëãýæ, òýð èõ õàð òîñûã äîëîîí õîíîãèéí äîòîð ÿìàð ÷ àëäàãäàë õîõèðîëã¿éãýýð íèéñëýë õîòíîî àâ÷èð÷ áàéæýý. Ýíý ìýòýýð Ñ¿õáààòàðûí òàëáàéã öàðäàõàä á¿õ íèéòèéí õ¿÷ àíõààðëûã òºâëºð¿¿ëýí çîõèîí áàéãóóëæ áàéæýý. Ñ¿õáààòàðûí òàëáàéí íýã îíöëîã íü õýìæýýãýýðýý èõ áºãººä çàì òàëáàé áàðüæ áàéãóóëàõ èíæåíåð òåõíîëîãèéí ºíäºð øààðäëàãà õàíãàãäñàí ó÷ðààñ îäîî õ¿ðòýë õýâ õýëáýðýý àëäààã¿é õààíà ÷ ãàäàðãóóãèéí óñ òîãòäîãã¿é áàéñààð áàéíà. Óã òàëáàéã áàðèõàä ßïîíû îëçëîãäîæ èðñýí íàðèéí ìýðãýæèëòýé 20 ãàðóé ÿïîí èíæåíåð, òåõíèê÷, 300 ãàðóé òºðºë á¿ðèéí ìýðãýæëèéí àæèë÷èä àæèëëàæ îëîí òîîíû õ¿íä õºíãºí òåõíèê õýðýãñë¿¿ä àøèãëàãäàæ áàéâ. ѯõáààòàðûí òàëáàé SKY guide Íèéñëýëèéí òºâ òàëáàéã Ñ¿õ æàíæíû õºøººã¿éãýýð òºñººëºõèéí àðãàã¿é. Óðæíàí æèë Æàíæíû áèå “òàâã¿éðõýæ” óðä õºðøèéã çîðèõîä òàëáàéí ãîë öýã áóóðü íü õàðëàñàí ãîëîìò øèã ÿìàð ÷ ýâã¿é õàðàãäàæ áàéâ. Õàðèí ýíýõ¿¿ õºøººíèé ò¿¿õèéã ñîíèðõóóëàõàä, 1921 îíû äîëäóãààð ñàðä Ìîíãîëûí àðä ò¿ìíèé ýðõ ÷ºëºº, òóñãààð òîãòíîëûí òºëºº òýìöýã÷, æàíæèí Ä.Ñ¿õáààòàðûí óäèðäñàí àðäûí æóðàìò öýðýã, óëààí àðìèéí õàìò Õèàãòààñ íèéñëýëä èðýõäýý, Òàñãàíû îâîîãîîð äàìæèí õîòûí òºâ õýñýãò çîãññîí ãýäýã. Òýð ¿åä “Ìîðèí òîëãîé” õî÷èò Ãàâàà æàíæíû ìîðü øýýñýí ãàçðûã èõýä áýëãýøýýí òºìºð ãàäàñ õàòãàæ, òýìäýãëýí ¿ëäýýæýý. Õîæèì íü ýíý ãàçàð Ä.Ñ¿õáààòàðûí õºøººã áîñãîñîí ò¿¿õòýé. Ò¿¿ãýýð ÷ ¿ë áàðàì ýíýõ¿¿ òàëáàéã æàíæíû íýðýìæèò áîëãîñîí áàéíà. Õºøººã óðàí áàðèìàë÷ Ñ.×îéìáîë õóó÷íû ìîíãîë óð÷óóäûí áàðèëààð á¿òýýñýí àæ. Õàðèí õºøººã òîéðñîí 14 ÷óëóóí àðñëàíã àðäûí óëàìæëàëò àðãààð á¿òýýæ, òºìºð ãèíæýýð õîîðîíä íü õîëáîñîí áàéäàã. Òýðõ¿¿ àðñëàíãóóäûí àìàíä çóóëãàñàí 208 øèðìýí ãîãöîî íü òóñ á¿ð çóðãààí êã æèíòýé ãýíý. Ýíýõ¿¿ ãèíæèéã òóõàéí ¿åä òºìðèéí çîâàäûí àæèë÷èí, Óëñûí áàãà õóðëûí ãèø¿¿í Ø.Íàéìàíáàé óðëàñàí ãýäýã. Õóáèëàé õààí Õàðõîðèíä 1260 îíä ìºí㺠òóøààõ áàíê áàéãóóëæ,1282 îíîîñ “îëîí çàìä òýãøòãýõ áàíê” íýðòýé áàíêíû ñàëáàðóóäûã áàéãóóëàí àæèëëóóëæ áàéæýý. Õàðèí ìàíæ,õÿòàäûí äàðëàëûí ¿åä ýíý ò¿¿õýí óëàìæëàë òàñàð÷ýý. 19 ä¿ãýýð çóóíû ñ¿¿ëýýð Íèéñëýë õ¿ðýý,Óëèàñòàé çýðýã ãàçàð õÿòàä, îðîñûí çàðèì áàíêíû ñàëáàð àæèëëàæ áàéâ. Õàðèí 1921 îíû àðäûí õóâüñãàëûí äàðàà Ìîíãîëä ¿íäýñíèé áàíê,çýýëèéí ñèñòåì õºãæèõ áîëîìæ á¿ðäýí áàéíà. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 59 ÓÓË ÓÓÐÕÀÉ SKY TEAM Óóë óóðõàéí ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéã õàìãèéí çîõèñòîé àøèãëàõ, óã ñàëáàðò ºíäºð ìýäëýã, îð÷èí ¿åèéí äýâøèëòýò òåõíîëîãè øèíãýýõ, íýã çàõ çýýëèéí õàðààò áàéäëààñ ñàëàõ, îðëîãûí õóðèìòëàë áèé áîëãîõ çàìààð áóñàä ñàëáàðóóäàà õºãæ¿¿ëæ ýäèéí çàñãèéã îëîí õºëòýé áîëãîõ çýðýã áèäíèé õàìãèéí èõ çîðüæ, òýì¿¿ëæ áóé àñóóäëóóä á¿ãä áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëòýé ñàëøã¿é õîëáîîòîé. ªºðººð õýëáýë, íýì¿¿ ºðòºã øèíãýñýí ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ¿éëäâýðëýõ íü óóë óóðõàéí ñàëáàð äàõü õàìãèéí ÷óõàë çîðèëò áèëýý. Ìàíàé óëñûí óóë óóðõàéí ñàëáàðò ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ¿éëäâýðëýæ áóé “Ýðäìèí”, ìºí çýñèéí áàÿæìàë ãàðãàæ òºñºâò æèíòýé õóâü íýìýð îðóóëñààð èðñýí “Ýðäýíýò” ¿éëäâýðýýð æèøýý àâúÿ. Äýëõèéí çàõ çýýë äýýð çýñèéí õàíø 8000 îð÷èì àì.äîëëàð áàéõàä ìàíàé óëñ òîíí çýñèéí áàÿæìàëàà äóíäæààð 2100-2200 àì.äîëëàðààð áîðëóóëäàã. Çýñèéí áàÿæìàëä çàðèì òºðëèéí ýðäýñ áàÿëàã áàãà õýìæýýãýýð àãóóëàãäàõ áîëîìæòîé áºãººä ìàíàé óëñ çºâõºí ìºíãèéã áàãà çýðýã òîîöîæ áîðëóóëæ áàéãàà þì. ªºðººð õýëáýë, îëîí óëñûí çàõ çýýë äýýð òîíí çýñ 8000 àì.äîëëàð áàéõàä çýñèéí áàÿæìàëàà áîðëóóëàõäàà ìºíãºíèé îðîëöîîã 70 àì.äîëëàðààð áîäîæ áîðëóóëæ áàéíà. Ýíý íü òîíí çýñèéí áàÿæìàëä àãóóëàãäàæ áóé ìºíãèéã äóíäàæëàí 70 îð÷èì àì.äîëëàðààð ¿íýëæ áóé õýðýã þì. Òýãâýë çýñèéí áàÿæìàëàà ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í áîëãîí ¿éëäâýðëýñíýýð ÿìàð ¿ð àøèã õ¿ðòýæ áîëîõ òóõàé æèøýýã “Ýðäìèí” ¿éëäâýðýýñ õàðöãààÿ. Òóñ ¿éëäâýð Ëîíäîíãèéí áèðæ äýýð òîíí çýñ ÿìàð ¿íýýð áîðëóóëàãäàæ áàéíà òýð ¿íýýð êàòîäûí çýñýý õóäàëäààëäàã. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí, çýñèéã ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í áîëãîí ¿éëäâýðëýñíýýð èë¿¿ ¿íý õ¿ðãýõ áîëîìæòîé þì. Òîäðóóëáàë, “Ýðäìèí” ¿éëäâýð áàðèëãûí äîòîð ìàíòàæíû óòàñ 2007 îíîîñ ¿éëäâýðëýæ ýõýëæýý. Íýã òîíí çýñýýð óòàñ õèéæ áîðëóóëàõàä äóíäæààð 12 ìÿíãàí àì.äîëëàð áîëäîã áàéíà. Ýíý íü çýñèéí áàÿæìàëààñ 6 äàõèí, öýâýð çýñýýñ 50 õóâèàð ºðòºã øèíãýñýí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ãýñýí ¿ã. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí, òóñ ¿éëäâýð ºíãºðñºí æèëýýñ 纺ëºí óòàñ ¿éëäâýðëýæ ýõýëæýý. Íýã òîíí çýñýýð ¿éëäâýðëýñýí óòñàà 16 ìÿíãàí 60 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 àì.äîëëàðààð áîðëóóëàõ áîëîëöîîòîé àæ. Ýíý ìýòýýð íýì¿¿ ºðòºã øèíãýñíýýð ¿éëäâýðèéí îðëîãûí õýìæýý ýðñ ºñºõ, óëìààð óëñ îðíû õºãæèëä ÷óõàë íºëºº ¿ç¿¿ëýõ áîëîëöîîòîé áàéíà. Õýðýâ ìàíàé óëñûí çýñèéí îëáîðëîëò èðýõ îíä 230 ìÿíãà, 2020 îíä 980 ìÿíãàí òîíí äàâíà ãýâýë ¿¿íèé ÿäàæ òàë õóâèéã áîëîâñðóóëæ, ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ¿éëäâýðëýñíýýð àñàð ºíäºð àøèã õ¿ðòýõ áîëîìæòîé. Äýýðõ æèøýý ìàíàé óëñàä áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýë ÷óõàë øààðäëàãàòàé áàéãààãèéí íýã øàëòãààí þì. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí, õýäõýí æèëèéí ºìíº äýëõèé íèéòèéã õàìàðñàí ñàíõ¿¿ãèéí õÿìðàëûí ¿åýð ýðäýñ ò¿¿õèé ýäèéí ¿íý óíàñíààð ìàíàé óëñ “ìîäîî áàðüæ”, äýýøýý òýíãýð õîë, äîîøîî ãàçàð õàòóó áîëñîí 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 61 ÓÓË ÓÓÐÕÀÉ SKY TEAM áèëýý. Òóõàéí ¿åä óóë óóðõàéãààñ ººð ò¿øèæ òóëàõ ñàëáàðã¿é, ãàíö áàéãàà ñàëáàðûí ò¿¿õèé ýäèéí ¿íý íü íàâñ óíàñàí òóë áóñäààñ çýýë òóñëàìæ öàðàé÷èëæ áàéñàí óäààòàé. Õýðýâ áèä ýðäýñ áàÿëãàà áîëîâñðóóëäàã, ìºí óã ñàëáàðààñ áèé áîëñîí õóðèìòëàëààð áóñàä ñàëáàðóóäàà òýòãýæ áàéñàí áîë õÿìðàëûã àæèðàõã¿é äàâàõ áàéâ. ͺ㺺 òàëààñ ãàçðûí áàÿëàã õýçýý íýãýí öàãò øàâõàãäàõ àþóëòàé. Èéìýýñ ýðäýñ áàÿëãàà áîëîâñðóóëàõ íü áàÿëãàà çîõèñòîé àøèãëàõ ÷óõàë àëõàì þì. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí, áîëîâñðóóëàõ ñàëáàðûã äàãàæ ºíäºð òåõíîëîãèóä îðæ èðæ, ò¿¿íèéã äàãààä ¿íäýñíèé áîëîâñîí õ¿÷èí ÷àäàâõèæèæ, ºíäºð ìýäëýã, óð ÷àäâàðûã ýçýìøèí òºëºâøäºã äàâóó òàëòàé. Ýíý ìýòýýð áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéí äàâóó òàëûã îëîí õýëáýðýýð òàéëáàðëàæ áîëíî. Áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéã õºãæ¿¿ëýõýä ó÷èðàõ ãîë ñîðèëò Ãýõäýý áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýð ëýëèéã õºãæ¿¿ëýõýä òîäîðõîé ñîðèë òóóä òóëãàð÷ áàéãàà áèëýý. Ýíý äóíäààñ õàìãèéí õ¿íä ñîðèëò ãýâýë íýã òàëààñ ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéã ò¿¿õèéãýýð íü àâàõ óëñ îðîí, êîìïàíèóäûí ñîíèðõîë, íºãºº òàëààñ ýðäýñ áàÿëãàà àëü áîëîõ áîëîâñðóóëæ ãàðãàõ óëñ îðíû ñîíèðõîë õî¸ðûí õîîðîíäûí çºð÷èë þì. ªºðººð õýëáýë, ìàíàé óëñ ýðäýñ áàÿëãàà áîëîâñðóóëíà õýìýýí çîðüæ, Ñàéíøàíäûí àæ ¿éëäâýðèéí öîãöîëáîð, Äàðõàí, Ñýëýíãèéí á¿ñ íóòàãò õàð òºìºðëºãèéí öîãöîëáîð áàéãóóëàõ çýðãýýð òîäîðõîé çîðèëòóóäûã òàâüñàí áèëýý. Õàðèí ìàíàé óëñûí ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéí ãîë èìïîðòëîã÷, äýëõèéí ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéí õýðýãëýýíèé áàðàã òàë õóâèéã çàëãèæ áóé Õÿòàä óëñ ìàíàéõààñ ýðäýñ ò¿¿õèé ýäèéã áîëîâñðóóëààã¿éãýýð íü õóäàëäàæ àâàõ ñîíèðõîëòîé áàéíà. Óã ñîíèðõîëûã ìàíàé óëñ äàõü ãàäààäûí õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòòàé çàðèì êîìïàíè äýìæèæ áóé íü àñóóäëûã óëàì õ¿íäð¿¿ëýõ òºëºâòýé áîëîâ. Òóõàéëáàë, òºìðèéí õ¿äýð äýýð ë ãýõýä ìàíàé óëñàä íèéò 24 êîìïàíè èäýâõèòýé ¿éë àæèëëàãàà ÿâóóëæ áàéãààãààñ 17 íü Õÿòàäûí 100 õóâèéí õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòòàé àæ àõóé íýãæ àæ. Ãàäààäûí õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòòàé àæ àõóé íýãæ¿¿äèéí õóâüä õèëèéí öààíà ¿éëäâýðòýé òóë çààâàë ìàíàé óëñàä áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýð áàðüæ õºðºíãº, öàã çàðàõ øààðäëàãà áàãà áàéãàà þì. ªºðººð õýëáýë, ýðäýñ 62 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 áàÿëãèéã ò¿¿õèé õýëáýðýýð íü 纺㺺ä õèëèéí öààíà áîëîâñðóóëàõ íü óëñ îðíû ñîíèðõîë, àæ àõóé íýãæèéí ýðõ àøèãò ÷ íèéöýæ áàéíà. ͺ㺺 òàëààñ Õÿòàä ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéã ò¿¿õèéãýýð íü àâàõ ñîíèðõîëòîé áàéãààã äýýð äóðüäñàí. Ýíý áîäëîãî íü àëü ýðòíýýñ äýëõèé íèéòýä òîäîðõîé áîëñîí. Òóõàéëáàë, îäîîãîîñ ãóðàâõàí æèëèéí ºìíº í¿¿ðñíèé òîìîîõîí ýêñïîðòëîã÷ áàéñàí Õÿòàä óëñ îäîî õàìãèéí òîì èìïîðòëîã÷ îðîí áîëæ õóâèðààä áàéíà. ßïîí, Ñîëîíãîñ ðóó í¿¿ðñ íèéë¿¿ëæ áàéñíàà çîãñîîæ, îéð çàõ çýýëýýñ àëü áîëîõ ò¿¿õèéãýýð íü èìïîðòîëæ õýðýãëýõ ñîíèðõîë õ¿÷òýé áîëñîí áèëýý. Æèøýý íü ªâºðìîíãîë ìàíàé áîëîâñðóóëààã¿é ýêñïîðòûí í¿¿ðñýí äýýð 10, áàÿæóóëæ óãààñàí í¿¿ðñýí äýýð 20 àì.äîëëàðûí òàòâàð òàâèõààð ÿðèëöàæ áàéãàà íü ¿¿íèé òîä æèøýý þì. Ýíý òîõèîëäîëä ìàíàé óëñ í¿¿ðñýý áàÿæóóëæ ãàðãàõàä òàòâàðûí õóâüä äàðàìò ¿¿ñýõ ýðñäýëòýé áàéíà. ̺í Õÿòàä óëñ ºíãºðñºí æèë 560 ìÿíãàí òîíí çýñ õàéëàõ èë¿¿äýë õ¿÷èí ÷àäàëòàé ¿éëäâýð¿¿äèéã áàðüñàí. Ýíý íü Îþóòîëãîéãîîñ çýñèéí áàÿæìàë ãàðãàæ, òóñ óëñ ðóó ýêñïîðòëîõîä õàéëóóëàõ ¿éëäâýð íü áýëýí ãýñýí ¿ã. Íýãýíò õàéëóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðèéí õ¿÷èí ÷àäàë íü èë¿¿ä÷èõñýí òîõèîëäîëä ìàíàé óëñààñ áîëîâñðóóëñàí á¿òýýã äýõ¿¿í àâàõûã ñîíèðõîõã¿é íü îéë ãîìæòîé. Ýíý ìýòýýð õºðø îðíóóä ìàíàé óëñûí ãóðàâ äàõü ÷ çàõ çýýë ð¿¿ á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íýý áîðëóóëàõ áîëîìæ õÿçãààðëàãäìàë áàéãààã “äàëèìäóóëæ” òàòâàðûí áîäëîãîîð ÷ºäºðëºõ çàìààð ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéã ò¿¿õèéãýýð íü àâàõ ñîíèðõîëîî ã¿éöýëä¿¿ëýõýýð áàéíà. Ñîðèëòûã äàâàõ õàìãèéí ÷óõàë õèéãýýä ýõíèé àëõàì Õýäèéãýýð ìàíàé óëñ íýì¿¿ ºðòºã øèíãýñýí ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ¿éëäâýðëýõ ÷èãëýëèéã áàðüæ áàéãàà ÷ õºðø îðíóóäûí áîäëîãîîñ õàìààðàëòàé çàðèì õ¿íäðýë¿¿ä áèé áîëîõ ìàãàäëàëòàéã äýýðõ æèøýýí¿¿ä èëòãýæ áàéíà. Ìýäýýæ ìàíàé óëñ ãóðàâ äàõü ÷ çàõ çýýë ð¿¿ á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íýý ãàðãàõ ñîíèðõîëòîé áàéãàà. ßëàíãóÿà, ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéã ò¿¿õèéãýýð õÿìä ¿íýýð àâàõ õºðø îðíóóäûí ñîíèðõîëîîñ çóãàòàæ, áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéã õºãæ¿¿ëýí íýì¿¿ ºðòºã øèíãýñýí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í áîðëóóëàõàä ãóðàâ äàõü çàõ çýýë çàéëøã¿é õýðýãòýé. Ãýõäýý ãóðàâ äàõü ÷ çàõ çýýë ð¿¿ ãàðàõûí òóëä çààâàë õî¸ð õºðøººð äàéðàõ øààðäëàãàòàé áîëíî. Ãýâ÷ ºíººãèéí ò¿âøèíä áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéí õºãæëèéã çºâõºí òóõàéí ¿éëäâýðèéí òåõíîëîãè, õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòûí ò¿âøèíä ò¿ëõ¿¿ ÿðèàä áàéãàà áîëîõîîñ áóñ àñóóäëûã öîãöîîð õàðæ ÷àäàõã¿é áàéíà ãýñýí ø¿¿ìæëýë áèé. Íýã ¿ãýýð õýëáýë, áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéí àñóóäàë öààíà óëñ òºð, ãåîïîëèòèê, ýäèéí çàñàã, ¿íäýñíèé ýðõ àøèãòàé õîëáîîòîé îëîí öîãö àñóóäàë áàéãàà áºãººä íýãíýýñýý õàðèëöàí õàìààðàëòàé ýäãýýð àñóóäëûã á¿ðýí øèéäâýðëýæ áàéæ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéã õºãæ¿¿ëíý. Õàð òºìºðëºãèéí öîãöîëáîð äýýð æèøýý àâúÿ. Õàð òºìºðëºãèéí öîãöîëáîð áàéãóóëàõûí òóëä òåõíîëîãèéí ñîíãîëò, ºðòºã çàðäàë, õ¿÷èí ÷àäàë íü ÿìàð áàéõ þì. Ò¿¿õèé ýäèéã õààíààñ õàíãàõ þì, ýíý íü ÿìàð õóãàöààíä õàíãàõ áîëîëöîîòîé íººö âý. Ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íýý õààøàà ýêñïîðòëîõ þì, ºðòºã çàðäàë íü ÿìàð ãàðàõ, äýä á¿òöèéã íü õýðõýí øèéäâýðëýõ þì. Áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýð áàéãóóëæ ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ¿éëäâýðëýæ çàõ çýýëä ãàðãàñíààð õºðø óëñóóäààñ èðýõ “õîðèã àðãà õýìæýý”-í¿¿äèéã õýðõýí äàâàõ òóóëàõ âý, ¿¿íèéã áîäëîãîîð õýðõýí çîõèöóóëàõ âý ãýõ çýðãýýð ìàø îëîí àñóóëòàä õàðèóëò õýðýãòýé áîëíî. Äîòîîäûí õýðýãöýýãýý õàíãàõ ¿éëäâýð áàéãóóëàõàä áýðõøýýë õàðüöàíãóé áàãà ó÷èðàõ áîëîâ÷ öààøèä îëîí óëñûí çàõ çýýë äýýð ýöñèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ãàðãàõààð çîðüæ, òºëºâëºæ áàéãàà òîõèîëäîëä ¿éëäâýðèéã òîéðñîí ìàø îëîí àñóóëòàä õàðèóëæ áàéæ àëèâàà ýðñäëýýñ ñýðãèéëýõ áîëîìæ á¿ðäýíý. Íýã ¿ãýýð õýëáýë, äîëîî õýìæèæ íýã îãòëîõ çàð÷èì áàðèìòëàõûí òóëä õàíãàëòòàé ñóäàëãàà õýðýãòýé ãýñýí ¿ã. Òýãâýë ýíý á¿õíèéã õýí õèéæ áàéíà âý. Ýíý àæèë ÿàì, õîðîîäûí ãàðûí àðâàí õóðóóíä áàãòàõ òºäèé õýäýí ìýðãýæèëòí¿¿äèéí ò¿âøèíä áîëîâñðóóëàãäàæ áàéíà ãýâýë õýëñäýõã¿é. Ýíý òîõèîëäîëä àñóóäëûã öîãöîîð íü õàðæ, íàðèéí ñóäàëæ øèéäâýðëýõ ÿìàð ÷ áîëîìæ àëãà áàéíà. Èéìä ÿàì äýðãýäýý ¿íäýñíèé ñóäëàà÷äààñ á¿ðäñýí, àñóóäëûã öîãöîîð íü ñóäàëæ õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõ ãàðöóóäûã òîäîðõîéëæ ºãäºã òîì áàãòàé áîëîõ õýðýãòýé õýìýýí ýðäýìòýí ìýðãýä ¿çýæ áàéíà. ¯íäýñíèé ýðäýìòýí ìýðãýäýýñ á¿ðäñýí, òýäíèé õ¿÷èéã íýãòãýñýí ñóäàëãààíû òîì á¿òýöòýé áàéñíààð àñóóäëûã öîãöîîð íü ¿å øàò á¿ðò òºëºâëºæ õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõ áîëîìæèéã îëãîîä çîãñîõã¿é ñóäëàà÷äàà äýìæèõ, øèíæëýõ óõààíû ñàëáàðàà ºðãºæ¿¿ëýí õºãæ¿¿ëýõýä ÷óõàë ò¿ëõýö áîëîõ ó÷èðòàé. Íààä çàõ íü ãàäààäûí êîìïàíèä îëîí ñàÿ äîëëàð ºã÷ ñóäàëãàà õèéëãýõèéí îðîíä ¿íäýñíèé ìýðãýæèëòí¿¿ääýý “øèíãýýõ” þì. ̺í áîëîâñðóóëàõ ñàëáàðûí áîäëîãûã õºðø îðíû áîäëîãîòîé óÿëäóóëàí òºëºâëºõ àñóóäàë äýýð ìîíãîë ýðäýìòýí ñóäëàà÷äûí ñàíàà áîäîë çàéëøã¿é ÷óõàë. Åð íü ýðäýñ áàÿëãèéí àðâèí íººöòýé áàéõ íýã õýðýã. Õàðèí ò¿¿íèéã áóñàä óëñûí “èäýø” áîëãîëã¿éãýýð õàìãèéí çºâ çîõèñòîé õóâèëáàðààð ¿ð àøèãòàé àøèãëàõ óõààí áàéõ íü õàìãèéí ÷óõàë þì. Óã óõààíûã ¿íäýñíèé ìýðãýæèëòí¿¿äýýñ á¿ðäñýí í¿ñýð á¿òýö á¿õèé ñóäàëãààíû áàéãóóëëàãà çàíãèääàã. “Metals Mongolia” ÷óóëãàí ñàëáàðûí õºãæëèéã òýòãýíý Íèéòëýëèéí ýõýíä ºã¿¿ëñýí÷ëýí ìàíàé óëñûí õàìãèéí èõ çîðüæ òýì¿¿ëæ áóé áîëîâñðóóëàõ ñàëáàðûí õºãæëèéí àñóóäàëä îíöãîéëîí à÷ õîëáîãäîë ºã÷, îëîí óëñûí ò¿âøèíä àâ÷ õýëýëöäýã ÷óóëãàí áîë “Metals Mongolia“ áèëýý. ªíãºðñºí æèë áîëñîí àíõäóãààð ÷óóëãà óóëçàëòààð Çàñãèéí ãàçðààñ äýëõèé äàõèíä “Ìîíãîë Óëñ îëáîðëîõ áàÿæóóëàõ øàòíààñ ìåòàëëóðãèéí ¿å øàò ðóó øèëæèæ áàéíà” õýìýýí çàðëàñàí. ¯¿ãýýð ìàíàé óëñ áîëîâñðóóëàõ ñàëáàðò äîòîîä, ãàäààäûí õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëò òàòàõ ñîíèðõîëòîé áàéãààãàà èëýðõèéëæ, ñàëáàðûí ºìíº òóãàð÷ áóé àëèâàà áýðõøýýëèéã õàìòàð÷ õýëýëöýæ äàâàí òóóëàõ ýðìýëçýëòýé áàéãààãàà äóóëãàñàí íü îëîí óëñûí àíõààðëûã òàòñàí áèëýý. Òóõàéí ¿åä ñàëáà��ûí ñàéä Ä.Çîðèãò í¿¿ðñíèé ñàëáàð ãýõëýýð õºðºí㺠îðóóëàã÷èä çààë ä¿¿ðýí öóãëàäàã. Õàðèí áîëîâñðóóëàõ ñàëáàðûí òóõàé ÿðèõàä õºðºí㺠îðóóëàã÷èä çààë ä¿¿ðãýõã¿é áàéæ ìàãàäã¿é. Ãýõäýý óëñ îðîí, àðä ò¿ìíèéõýý ýðõ àøãèéã áîäîõ þì áîë áîëîâñðóóëàõ ñàëáàðûí õºãæëèéí àñóóäàë òóéëûí à÷ õîëáîãäîëòîé, ýíý ÷èãëýëýýð îëîí óëñûí õóðàë æèë á¿ð çîõèîí áàéãóóëàõ íü ñàëáàðûí õºãæèëä ÷óõàë íºëººòýé õýìýýí îíöîëæ áàéñàí áèëýý. Òèéìýýñ çàðèì õýâëýë ÷óóëãàíûã “ýõ îðîí÷” õýìýýí òîäîòãîæ áàéñàí þì. Àëèâàà ÷óóëãàíû ¿ð ä¿íã æèë á¿ð óëàìæëàë áîëãîí çîõèîí áàéãóóëàãääàã ýñýõýýð íü õýìæäýã. Íýã ¿ãýýð õýëáýë, ýíý æèë ÿðüñàí ç¿éëèéã èðýõ æèë äàõèí õºíäºæ, çîðüñîíäîî õ¿ðñýí ýñýõèéã õÿíàæ, õýðýâ õ¿ðñýí áîë äàðààãèéí øàò ðóó àõèõ øèíý àëàõìûã òàâüäãààðàà æèë á¿ð çîõèîí áàéãóóëàõ ÷óóëãàíû ãîë à÷ õîëáîãäîë îðøäîã áàéíà. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 63 MINING MONGOLIA SKY TEAM 64 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 65 mining mongolia SKY TEAM Îáîðîò âíåøíåé òîðãîâëè íàøåé ñòðàíû ñîñòàâëÿåò 11,3 ìëðä. àì.äîëëàðîâ è 6,52 ìëðä.àì.äîëëàðîâ èç íèõ ïðèõîäÿòñÿ íà èìïîðò. Íåôòåïðîäóêöèè çàíÿëè ñâûøå 15 ïðîöåíòîâ â èìïîðòå. Îäíèì ñëîâîì, íàøà ñòðàíà èçðàñõîäûâàåò îãðîìíóþ ñóììó íà ïîêóïêó íåôòåïðîäóêöèè.  íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ íàøà ñòðàíà íóæäàåòñÿ â ïîòðåáëåíèè ÃÑÌ ñòîèìîñòüþ 10 ìëðä.àì.äîëëàðîâ, ê 2020 ãîäó ïîòðåáëåíèå óâåëè÷èòñÿ â 4 ðàçà.  ÷àñòíîñòè, â 2012 ãîäó ïîòðåáëåíèå äèçåëÿ ñîñòàâëÿåò 650 òûñ.òí. Ïî ïðîãíîçàì ê 2020 ãîäó îíî äîñòèãíåò ìàêñèìóì äî 3 ìëí.òí., à ìèíèìóì - 1,2 ìëí.òí. Îòíîñèòåëüíî àâòîáåíçèíà â ýòîì ãîäó ñòðàíà íóæäàåòñÿ â 350 òûñ.òí. À ê 2020 ãîäó îíî äîñòèãíåò ìàêñèìóì 1,2 ìëí.òí. Èñõîäÿ èç ýòîé ñèòóàöèè, ìîæåì ïîñìîòðåòü òåíäåíöèþ íàðàñòàþùåãî ðîñòà ïîòðåáëåíèÿ íà äèçåëüíîå òîïëèâî.  ñâÿçè ñ ðîñòîì ãîðíîðóäíîãî ïðîèçâîäñòâà èìïîðòèðóþòñÿ âñå áîëüøå àâòîìîáèëåé è òåõíèêè áîëüøîé ãðóçîïîäúåìíîñòè, êîòîðûå îáû÷íî èìåþò äâèãàòåëü äèçåëüíîãî òîïëèâà.  äàëüíåéøåì íå íàäåæíî îáåñïå÷åíèå ýòîãî îãðîìíîãî è ðàñòóùåãî ñïðîñà ëèøü ïîñòàâêîé îäíîãî ýêñïîðòåðàÐîññèè. Ïðîøåäøåå â ïðîøëîì ãîäó ñîáûòèå íàãëÿäíî ïîêàçàëî íåâîçìîæíîñòü âûäàòü ãàðàíòèþ íàäåæíîé ïîñòàâêè íåôòåïðîäóêöèè. Èç-çà ñêà÷êè ïðîöåíòà ýêñïîðòíûõ íàëîãîâ íà íåôòü â Ðîññèè íàøà ñòðàíà íàõîäèòñÿ â ðèñêå êîëåáàíèÿ öåí ïîñòàâëÿåìûõ â Ìîíãîëèþ íåôòåïðîäóêöèé. ÐÔ óñòàíàâëèâàåò 60 ïðîöåíòíûå íàëîãè íà ýêñïîðò íåôòè, 90 ïðîöåíòûå-íà áåíçèí, 66 ïðîöåíòûå- íà äèçåëüíîå òîïëèâî. Ïîýòîìó â ñâÿçè ñ íàäåæíîé ïîñòàâêîé ÃÑÌ, ñâÿçàííîé ñ íàöáåçîïàñíîñòüþ Ìîíãîëèè, ãîñóäàðñòâî ïðèíèìàåò îïðåäåëåííûå ìåðû è ïîääåðæèâàåò ðåàëèçàöèþ ïðîåêòîâ ïî ñòðîèòåëüñòâó íåôòåïåðåðàáàòûâàþùèõ çàâîäîâ /ÍÏÇ/ è ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ. Ðÿä ïðîåêòîâ ïî ïåðåðàáîòêå íåôòè íå ðàç çàòðàãèâàëèñü, íî íå ïðåòâîðÿëèñü íà ïðàêòèêå. Ñîîðóæåíèå ÍÏÇ â Äàðõàíå îïðàâäàåò íàäåæäó, íî äî ñèõ ïîð åùå íå íà÷àëàñü åãî ñòðîèòåëüíàÿ ðàáîòà. Õîòÿ íåäàâíî ðàññìàòðèâàëñÿ âîïðîñ îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ïðîåêòà ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ, îí îòíîñèòåëüíî èíòåíñèâíî èäåò. Ïî ïëàíó ïåðâûé êîìáèíàò ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ äîëæåí âûïóñêàòü ïðîäóêöèþ â 2017 ãîäó.  íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ íåñêîëüêî ïðåäïðèÿòèé ïëàíèðóåò ðàçæèæàòü 66 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 óãîëü.  ÷àñòíîñòè, ãðóïïà “MCS” ïëàíèðóåò ðåàëèçîâàòü ðÿä ïðîåêòîâ â íàïðàâëåíèè îáðàáîòêè óãëÿ. Ýòà ãðóïïà ñîâìåñòíî ñ þæíîêîðåéñêîé êîìïàíèåé “POSCO” îáðàáàòûâàåò ÒÝÎ ïðîåêòà ïî ïðîèçâîäñòâó òîïëèâà ïóòåì ðàçæèæåíèÿ ýíåðãåòè÷åñêîãî óãëÿ. Çàäà÷à ýòîãî ïðîåêòà ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òîáû ïðîèçâîäèòü äèçåëü â 420 òûñ.òí è îáåñïå÷èòü 50 ïðîöåíòîâ âíóòðåííåãî ïîòðåáëåíèÿ íàøåé ñòðàíû. Ïîñëå çàâåðøåíèÿ îáðàáîòêè ÒÝÎ áóäåò èçáðàíà ïðîèçâîäñòâåííàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ, ñ 2013 ãîäà íà÷íåòñÿ äèçàéí èíæåíåðà. Ïî ïëàíó â 2014 ãîäó íà÷íåòñÿ îáó÷åíèå ðàáî÷åé ñèëû, è äàííîå ïðåäïðèÿòèå âîéäåò â ñòðîé â 2017 ãîäó. Ìîíãîëüñêàÿ ïðîìûøëåííàÿ êîðïîðàöèÿ îáðàáàòûâàåò ÒÝÎ äëÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâà òîïëèâà â 18 òûñ.áàððåëåé çà ñóòêè. Êîìáèíàò áóäåò ïîñòðîåí íà ìåñòîðîæäåíèè “Òóãðóã íóóð” è åæåãîäíî ïðîèçâîäèòü áåíçèí â 890 òûñ. òí. Ïî ïðåäâàðèòåëüíûì ðàñ÷åòàì âîñòðåáóþòñÿ ôèíàíñèðîâàíèÿ â 1 ìëðä. 778 ìëí. åâðî. Òðóäíî äëÿ îäíîé êîìïàíèè ôèíàíñèðîâàòü ýòîò êðóïíûé ïðîåêò. È òàê îíà ïëàíèðóåò ïîëó÷èòü êðåäèò çà 60-70 ïðîöåíòîâ âîñòðåáóåìîé èíâåñòèöèè.  íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ èäåò ðå÷ü î òîì, ÷òî Ãåðìàíèÿ âûäàñò ãàðàíòèþ êðåäèòíîãî ÏÅÐÂÛÉ ÊÎÌÁÈÍÀÒ ÏÎ ÐÀÇÆÈÆÅÍÈÞ ÓÃËß ÂÎÉÄÅÒ Â ÑÒÐÎÉ Â 2017 ÃÎÄÓ Ìàíàé óëñûí ãàäààä õóäàëäààíû ýðãýëò 11.3 òýðáóì àì.äîëëàð áºãººä ¿¿íèé 6.52 òýðáóì àì.äîëëàð íü èìïîðòîä íîãäîæ áàéíà. Òýãâýë èìïîðòûí 15-ààñ äýýø õóâèéã íåôòèéí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ýçýëæýý. Íýã ¿ãýýð õýëáýë, ìàíàé óëñ íåôòèéí õóäàëäààíä àñàð èõ õýìæýýíèé õºðºí㺠çàðöóóëæ áàéãàà þì. ªíººãèéí áàéäëààð ìàíàé óëñ 10 òýðáóì àì.äîëëàðûí øàòàõóóíû õýðýãëýý áàéãàà áîë 2020 îí ãýõýä 4 äàõèí ºñºõ àæ. Òóõàéëáàë, 2012 îíä äèçåëèéí õýðýãëýý 650 ìÿíãàí òîíí áàéíà. Õàðèí 2020 îí ãýõýä õàìãèéí äýýä òàë íü 3 ñàÿ îð÷èì òîíí áîëíî õýìýýí òààìàãëàæ áàéãàà áîë äîîä òàë íü 1.8 ñàÿ òîíí áàéõ àæ. Áåíçèíèé õýðýãëýýíèé õóâüä ýíý îíä 350 îð÷èì òîíí áàéíà. Òýãâýë 2020 îí ãýõýä õàìãèéí èõäýý 1.2 ñàÿ òîíí áîëíî õýìýýí òààìàãëàæ áàéíà. Ýíäýýñ äèçåëèéí õýðýãëýý èë¿¿ ºñºëòòýé áàéõ ä¿ð çóðàã õàðàãäàæ áàéãàà. Óóë óóðõàéí ¿éëäâýðëýëèéí ºñºëòòýé õîëáîîòîéãîîð õ¿íä äààöûí ìàøèí ìåõàíèçì, òåõíèê¿¿äèéã îëíîîð îðóóëæ èðíý. Ýäãýýð òåõíèê èõýâ÷ëýí äèçåëü õºäºëã¿¿ðòýé áàéãàà þì. Ýíý èõ õýðýãëýýã öààøèä Îðîñ õýìýýõ íýã çàõ çýýëýýñ õàíãàõ íü õýòýðõèé íàéäâàðã¿é. Øàòàõóóíû íèéë¿¿ëýëò äýýð áàòàëãàà ãàðãàõ ÿìàð ÷ áîëîìæã¿é áàéãààã ºíãºðñºí æèë ºðíºñºí ¿éë ÿâäàë õàðóóëñàí. ̺í ÎÕÓ-ûí òàòâàðûí õóâü õýìæýý õýëáýëçñýíýýð ìàíàéä íèéë¿¿ëýõ øàòàõóóíû ¿íý äàãàæ ºñ÷, áóóðàõ ýðñäýë ºíäºð áàéíà. Îðîñ óëñ íåôòü äýýð 60, áåíçèí äýýð 90, äèçåëü äýýð 66 õóâèéí òàòâàð òàâüæ áóé. Èéìä ¿íäýñíèé àþóëã¿é áàéäàëòàé õîëáîîòîé øàòàõóóíû õàíãàìæ äýýð òºðººñ òîäîðõîé áîäëîãóóäûã õýðýãæ¿¿ëæ, äîòîîääîî ãàçðûí òîñ áîëîâñðóóëàõ, í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñë¿¿äèéã äýìæèí õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõýýð çîðüæ áàéãàà áèëýý. Óã íü ãàçðûí òîñíîîñ øàòàõóóí ãàðãàõ õýä õýäýí òºñºë îëîí æèëèéí ºìíºº ÿðèãäñàí áîëîâ÷ ºíººã õ¿ðòýë áèåëýëýý îëîîã¿é áàéíà. Õàìãèéí èõ íàéäâàð òºð¿¿ëæ áóé Äàðõàíä áàéãóóëàãäàõ ãàçðûí òîñíû ¿éëäâýð îëîí æèë äóíøèæ áàéãàà ÷ ¿éëäâýð îäîî áîëòîë áàðèëãûí øàòàíä ýõëýýã¿é áàéíà. Õàðèí í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñºë ñàÿõíààñ ÿðèãäàæ ýõýëñýí ÷ õàðü öàíãóé ýð÷òýé ÿâàãäàæ áàéãàà áèëýý. Òºëºâëºñºí ¸ñîîð 2017 îí ãýõýä ýõíèé ¿éëäâýð á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íýý ãàðãàõ ó÷èðòàé. Îäîîãèéí áàéäëààð õýä õýäýí êîìïàíè í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâ뺺ä áàéíà. Òóõàéëáàë, “Ýì Ñè Ýñ” ãð¿ïï í¿¿ðñ áîëîâñðóóëàëòûí ÷èãëýëýýð õýä õýäýí òºñºë õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâëºñíèé äîòîð ýð÷èì õ¿÷íèé í¿¿ðñèéã õèéæ¿¿ëæ ò¿ëø ¿éëäâýðëýõ òºñëèéí ÒÝǯ-èéã Ñîëîíãîñûí “Ïîñêî” ãð¿ïï òýé õàìòàð÷ õèéæ áàéãàà þì. Óã òºñ ëèéí çîðèëãî íü æèëä 420 ìÿíãàí òîíí äèçåëèéã ¿éëäâýðëýõ, ººðººð õýëáýë ìàíàé äîòîîäûí õýðýãöýýíèé 50 õóâèéã õàíãàõ þì. ÒÝǯ á¿ðýí äóóññàíû äàðàà òåõíîëîãèî ñîíãîõ, 2013 îíîîñ èíæåíåðèéí äèçàéíûã ýõë¿¿ëýõýýð àæèëëàæ áàéãàà àæ. Óëìààð 2017 îíä àøèãëàëòàä îðíî ãýñýí òºëºâëºãººòýé áàéíà. 2014 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 67 mining mongolia SKY TEAM ôèíàíñèðîâàíèÿ. Ìîíãîëèÿ è Ãåðìàíèÿ çàêëþ÷èëè ñîãëàøåíèå ñòðàòåãè÷åñêîãî ïàðòíåðñòâà â ñôåðå òåõíèêî-òåõíîëîãèè, â ðàìêàõ êîòîðîãî â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ ïðîåêò ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ. Ìîíãîëüñêàÿ ïðîìûøëåííàÿ êîðïîðàöèÿ ïîäïèñàëà ìåìîðàíäóì ñ Êîìèòåòîì íàöèîíàëüíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ è èííîâàöèè, Ìèíèñòåðñòâîì ìèíåðàëüíûõ ðåñóðñîâ è ýíåðãåòèêè.  äàííîì äîêóìåíòå îòðàçèëñÿ âîïðîñ ïî ïðåäîñòàâëåíèþ ãîñóäàðñòâîì ëüãîò ÷àñòíîìó ñåêòîðó.  ðåçóëüòàòå ðåàëèçàöèè ïðîåêòà áóäóò ñîçäàíû îêîëî 800 ðàáî÷èõ ìåñò. Ýòà êîðïîðàöèÿ ðàññ÷èòûâàåò âîçìåùåíèå âíåñåííûõ ñðåäñòâ çà 7 ëåò. Êðîìå ýòîãî, êîìïàíèÿ “Ìîíãîëüñêîå çîëîòî” /ÌÀÊ/ ïëàíèðóåò ðåàëèçîâàòü ïðîåêò ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ, îïèðàÿñü íà óãîëüíîå ìåñòîðîæäåíèå “Àäóóí÷óëóóí”. Ïî ðàñ÷åòàì, îíà íà÷íåò ïîñòàâëÿòü íà ðûíîê ïðîäóêöèþ â 2017 ãîäó. Ïðåäñòàâèòåëè ÷àñòíîãî ñåêòîðà ñ÷èòàþò, ÷òî íàäî ôîðìèðîâàòü áëàãîïðèÿòíóþ ïðàâîâóþ è èíâåñòèöèîííóþ ñðåäó äëÿ ðàçâèòèÿ ïåðåðàáàòûâàþùåé îòðàñëè. ÊÈÒÀÉ ÁÓÄÅÒ ËÈÄÈÐÎÂÀÒÜ Â ÑÔÅÐÅ ÐÀÇÆÈÆÅÍÈSS ÓÃËß Çà ïîñëåäíèå ãîäû ìèðîâûå ñòðàíû, êàê Êèòàé, ÑØÀ, Àâñòðàëèÿ è Èíäîíåçèÿ ïëàíèðóþò ðåàëèçîâàòü êðóïíûå ïðîåêòû ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ. Ñòðàíû íà÷àëè èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ýòîé íîâîé òåõíîëîãèåé èç-çà ðÿäà ôàêòîðîâ. Ñàìûì ãëàâíûì èç íèõ ÿâëÿåòñÿ âîçäåéñòâèå íàäåæíîãî ñíàáæåíèÿ íåôòè è ÃÑÌ â íàöáåçîïàñíîñòü íåêîòîðûõ ãîñóäàðñòâ.  ÷àñòíîñòè, Êèòàé èíòåíñèâíî âîøåë â ýòó ñôåðó â ñâÿçè ñ ïîâûøåíèåì çàâèñèìîñòè îò ïîñòàâêè íåôòè . Èç-çà ãðàíèöû îí çàêóïàåò 20 ïðîöåíòîâ âîñòðåáóìîé â ñòðàíå íåôòåïðîäóêòîâ. Ïî ïðîãíîçó, ÷åðåç 10 ëåò ýòà îòìåòêà äîñòèãíåò 50 ïðîöåíòîâ. Ýòî âîçìîæíî ñâÿçàíî ñ äàâëåíèåì íà ýêîíîìèêó ñòðàíû, åå ðóêîâîäñòâî ïðèäåðæèâàåòñÿ êóðñà ïî îáåñïå÷åíèþ êîíêðåòíîé ÷àñòè âíóòðåííåãî ïîòðåáëåíèÿ íà íåôòåïðîäóêöèè íà îñíîâå èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ áîãàòîãî ðåñóðñà óãëÿ ñòðàíû. Íà äàííîå âðåìÿ 5 ïðåäïðèÿòèé ðàáîòàþò â ýòîé ñòðàíå. Ïðîèçâîäñòâåííàÿ ìîùíîñòü 68 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 çàâîäà, êîòîðûé âîøåë â ñòðîé ñàìûì ïåðâûì, â ïðîâèíöèè Îðäîñ Âíóòðåííåé Ìîíãîëèè, èìååò âûïóñê òîïëèâà â 1 ìëí.òí â ãîä.  äàëüíåéøåì ïîýòàïíî óâåëè÷èòñÿ ìîùíîñòü ýòîãî ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ. Ââèäó íàêîïëåíèÿ îïûòà Êèòàÿ â ñôåðå ðàçæèæåíèÿ óãëÿ óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ òåíäåíöèÿ èçó÷åíèÿ çàðóáåæíûìè êîìïàíèÿìè ýòîé òåõíîëîãèè. ×åðåç 5 ëåò Êèòàé ñòàâèò çàäà÷ó ïî ýêñïîðòó òåõíîëîãèè è îáîðóäîâàíèé ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ. ÑØÀ-ñëåäóþùàÿ ñòðàíà, êîòîðàÿ àêòèâíî ðàáîòàåò â íàïðàâëåíèè ðàçæèæåíèÿ óãëÿ. Ïðè÷èíîé ïðîÿâëÿåìîãî èìè óñèëèÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ îãðîìíîå ïîòðåáëåíèå íåôòåïðîäóêöèè. Ñàìûì êðóïíûì èìïîðòåðîì â ìèðå íåôòè ÿâëÿþòñÿ ÑØÀ, êîòîðàÿ åæåäíåâíî óïîòðåáëÿåò íåôòü â 20 ìëí.òí, 60 ïðîöåíòîâ èç êîòîðûõ –èìïîðòíûå. Ìèðîâûå ñòðàíû åæåäíåâíî óïîòðåáëÿþò 80 ìëí.òí íåôòè, îäíà ÷åòâåðòü èç êîòîðûõ ïðèõîäèòñÿ íà ÑØÀ, êîòîðûå èçðàñõîäþåò îãðîìíûå ñðåäñòâà ïî èìïîðòó íåôòè .  ÷àñòíîñòè, â 2006 ãîäó îíè ïîòðàòèëè íà ýòè öåëè 265 ìëðä.àì.äîëëàðîâ.  ñèëó óìåíüøåíèÿ ïðèðîäíûõ çàïàñîâ íåôòè â ÑØÀ, ýòà ñòðàíà íà÷èíàåò çàâèñåòü îò ñòðàí Áëèæíåãî Âîñòîêà. Èñõîäÿ èç ýòîé ñèòóàöèè, â íåé ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ ðåàëèçàöèÿ îêîëî 10 çàâîäîâ ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ. Íî äî ñåãîäíÿøíåãî äíÿ íè îäèí çàâîä íå âîøåë â ýêñïëóàòàöèþ. Íåêîòîðûå ýêñïåðòû ðàçúÿñíÿþò ýòó ñèòóàöèþ ñ ìíåíèÿìè àìåðèêàíöåâ î òîì, ÷òî çàâîä ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ íåãàòèâíî âëèÿåò íà îêðóæàþùóþ ñðåäó. Ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû, ïðîäóêöèè íîâîãî çàâîäà îáåñïå÷àò ìèçåðíóþ äîëþ îáùåãî ïîòðåáëåíèÿ ÃÑÌ â ýòîé ñòðàíå. Âûñîêîìîùíûé çàâîä, ïîñòðîåííûé â Êèòàå, ïðîèçâîäèò 1 ìëí.òí òîïëèâà â ãîä. Òàêîé ìàñøòàáíûé êîìáèíàò â ÑØÀ áóäåò îáåñïå÷èâàòü ìèçåðíóþ äîëþ åæåäíåâíåãî ïîòðåáëåíèÿ â 20 ìëí.òí. Ñòðàíû, íàõîäÿùèåñÿ â çàâèñèìîì ïîëîæåíèè îò èìïîðòà íåôòè, áîëüøå çàèíòåðåñîâàíû òåõíîëîãèåé ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ â ñèëó óìåíüøåíèÿ ìèðîâûõ çàïàñîâ íåôòè è ïðèðîäíîãî ãàçà. È Ìîíãîëèÿ â ýòîì íå èñêëþ÷åíèå. Äðóãèìè ñëîâàìè, îòíîñèòåëüíî íàøåé ñòðàíû ïåðñïåêòèâíî ïðîèçâîäñòâî ðàçæèæåííåãî òîïëèâà â ñëó÷àå ñòîïðîöåíòíîãî èìïîðòà íåôòåïðîäóêöèè. Èñõîäÿ èç äàííîé ñèòóàöèè, 2-3 ÷àñòíûõ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ íàøåé ñòðàíû ïëàíèðóþò îñóùåñòâèòü ïðîåêòû â ýòîì íàïðàâëåíèè, ïî ïðåäâàðèòåëüíûì ðàñ÷åòàì, áîëüøèíñòâî èç íèõ íà÷íóò ïîñòàâëÿòü ïðîäóêöèè íà ðûíîê ñ 2017 ãîäà. Íàïîìíèì, ÷òî äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ðàçæå÷ü óãîëü, òðåáóåòñÿ âûñîêèé óðîâåíü òåõíîëîãèè è èìååòñÿ ðèñê â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñêà÷êè öåí íà íåôòü. Òàêæå ýòà òåõíîëîãèÿ îêàçûâàåò íåãàòèâíîå âîçäåéñòâèå íà óìåíüøåíèå âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà è óõóäøåíèÿ ýêîëîãèè.  ñâÿçè ñ âûøåíàçâàííûìè ôàêòîðàìè è íåìíîãîëåòíèì îïûòîì ìèðîâûõ ñòðàí â ýòîì íàïðàâëåíèè, îáðàçóþòñÿ îïðåäåëåííûå òðóäíîñòè.  çàâèñèìîñòè îò âûñîêîé òåõíîëîãèè òðåáóþòñÿ îãðîìíûå ñóììû äëÿ èíâåñòèöèè, îïûò è êâàëèôèöèðîâàííûå ñïåöèàëèñòû. Íå âûçûâàåò èíòåðåñ èíâåñòîðîâ ââèäó ìíîãîëåòíîãî âîçìåùåíèÿ âëîæåííîé èíâåñòèöèè â õîäå ýêñïëóàòàöèè ìàëîãàáàðèòíîãî çàâîäà.  ñëó÷àå ðåçêîãî ñíèæåíèÿ öåí íà íåôòü, èíâåñòîðû, êîòîðûå âíåñëè ñðåäñòâà â ïðîåêò, ïîòåðïÿò óáûòêè. Èññëåäîâàòåëè ñ÷èòàþò, ÷òî ìåíüøå áûëî áû òàêîãî ðèñêà, åñëè áû íå ïðîèçîøåë ãëîáàëüíûé ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé êðèçèñ. Ïî èññëåäîâàíèÿì Ìèíèñòåðñòâà ýíåðãåòèêè ÑØÀ 2005 ãîäà, ê 2035 ãîäó öåíà çà áàððåëü íåôòè ñîñòàâèò ìàêñèìóì 100 àì.äîëëàðîâ , à ìèíèìóì-35 àì.äîëëàðîâ, à â ñðåäíåì -60 àì.äîëëàðîâ. Ïî äàííûì ýòîãî ìèíèñòåðñòâà 2009 ãîäà, ê 2035 ãîäó öåíà íà íåôòü ñîñòàâèò ìàêñèìóì 200 àì.äîëëàðîâ, à ìèíèìóì 50 àì.äîëëàðîâ, à â ñðåäíåì -150 àì.äîëëàðîâ.  ýòî âðåìÿ öåíà íà íåôòü ñîñòàâëÿåò 110 àì.äîëëàðîâ. Ýòî ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåò, ÷òî íà ïðàêòèêå öåíà íà ýòî ñûðüå íå áóäåò ñíèæåíà ìåíüøå 100 àì.äîëëàðîâ. Çàâîä ïî ðàçæèæåíèþ óãëÿ óïîòðåáëÿåò áîëüøîé âîäíûé ðåçåðâ. Ñ 2000 ãîäà â Êèòàå ðàçðàáîòàíî ìíîãî ïðîåêòîâ â ýòîì íàïðàâëåíèè, â 2011 ãîäó ýòà ñòðàíà çàêðûëà êðîìå êðóïíåéøèõ, îñòàëüíûå ïðîåêòû. Ýòîò ïîñòóïîê êèòàéñêîãî ðóêîâîäñòâà ñâÿçàí ñ áîëüøèìè çàòðàòàìè òàêèõ çàâîäîâ âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà. Òåì áîëåå Âíóòðåííÿÿ Ìîíãîëèÿ èìååò íåáîëüøèå çàïàñû âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà, â ñèëó ÷åãî âîçíèêàþò çàòðóäíåíèÿ â ðåàëèçàöèè ìíîãî÷èñëåííûõ ïðîåêòîâ. ÂÎÄÍÛÉ ÐÅÑÓÐÑ Â ÃÎÁÈ ÈÑÏÎËÜÇÓÅÒÑß Â ÃÎÐÍÎÐÓÄÍÎÉ ÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÎÑÒÈ îíîîñ ¿éëäâýðò àæèëëàõ àæèë÷äûí ñóðãàëòûã ýõë¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâºëæýý. ̺í Ìîíãîëûí àæ ¿éëäâýðèéí êîðïîðàöè ºäºðò 18 ìÿíãàí áàððåëü ò¿ëø ¿éëäâýðëýõ ÒÝǯ õèéæ áàéíà. ¯éëäâýðëýëèéã Òºãðºã íóóðûí îðä äýýð ò¿øèãëýæ ÿâóóëàõ áà æèëäýý 890 ìÿíãàí òîíí áåíçèí ãàðãàõ õ¿÷èí ÷àäàëòàé àæ. Óã òºñºëä 1 òýðáóì 778 ñàÿ åâðîãèéí õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëò øààðäëàãàòàé. ¯¿íèéã Ìîíãîëûí íýã êîìïàíè ñàíõ¿¿æ¿¿ëýýä ÿâàõ õ¿íäðýëòýé òóë õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòûí 60-70 õóâèéã çýýëýýð áîñãîõîîð òºëºâëºæýý. Çýýëèéí ñàíõ¿¿æèëòèéí áàòàëãààã Ãåðìàíû òàëààñ ãàðãàæ ºãºõ àñóóäàë ÿðèãäàæ áàéãàà àæ. ̺í Ìîíãîë, Ãåðìàí òåõíèê òåõíîëîãèéí ñàëáàðò ñòðàòåãèéí ò¿íøëýëèéí ãýðýý áàéãóóëñàí. ¯¿í äîòîð í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñºë òýðã¿¿í ýýëæèíä òàâèãäæýý. ̺í òóñ êîðïîðàöè ¯ÕØÕ, ÝÁÝÕß-òàé ñàíàìæ áè÷èã çóðñàí. ¯¿íä Ìîíãîëûí òºð õóâèéí õýâøèëäýý õºíãºëºëò ¿ç¿¿ëýõýýð òóñãàæýý. Òºñºë õýðýãæñýíýýð 800 îð÷èì òîãòìîë àæëûí áàéð áèé áîëíî. ̺í õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòàà 7 æèëä íºõíº ãýñýí òîîöîîã êîðïîðàöèéíõàí ºã÷ áàéíà. ¯¿íýýñ ãàäíà Ìîíãîëûí àëò (ÌÀÊ) êîìïàíè Àäóóí÷óëóóíû õ¿ðýí í¿¿ðñíèé îðäûã ò¿øèãëýæ í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñºë õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõýýð àæèëëàæ áàéíà. Òºëºâëºæ áàéãààãààð 2017 îí ãýõýä á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íýý çàõ çýýëä íèéë¿¿ëæ ýõëýõ ãýíý. Õóâèéí õýâøëèéí ç¿ãýýñ áîëîâñðóóëàõ ¿éëäâýðëýëèéã õºãæ¿¿ëýõ ÷èãëýëýýð õóóëü ýðõç¿éí òààòàé îð÷èí áèé áîëãîõ õýðýãòýé õýìýýí ¿çýæ áàéãàà þì. ̺í õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòûí òààòàé îð÷èí áèé áîëãîõ õýðýãòýé õýëñýí. Õÿòàä íåôòèéí õýðýãëýýíèéõýý 20 õóâèéã ãàäíààñ àâ÷ áàéíà. Òýãâýë 10 æèëèéí äàðàà ýíý õýìæýý 50 õóâüä õ¿ðíý õýìýýí òààìàãëàæýý. Ýíý íü òóñ óëñûí ýäèéí çàñàãò äàðàìò ó÷ðóóëæ áóé òóë í¿¿ðñíèé àðâèí íººö äýýðýý òóëãóóðëàí øàòàõóóíû òîäîðõîé õýìæýýíèé õýðýãöýýãýý õàíãàõ áîäëîãî áàðüæ áàéíà. Îäîîãèéí áàéäëààð òóñ óëñàä 5 ¿éëäâýð àæèëëàæ áàéíà. Õàìãèéí ýõýíä àøèãëàëòàä îðñîí ªâºðìîíãîëûí Îðäîñ äàõü ¿éëäâýðèéí æèëèéí õ¿÷èí ÷àäàë íü 1 ñàÿ òîíí àæ. Öààøèä ¿éëäâýð¿¿äèéíõýý õ¿÷èí ÷àäëûã ¿å øàòòàéãààð íýìýãä¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâëºæ áóé. Õÿòàä í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ñàëáàðò òóðøëàãàòàé áîëæ áàéãààòàé õîëáîîòîéãîîð ãàäààäûí êîìïàíèóä òåõíîëîãèéã ñîíèðõîí ñóäëàõ õàíäëàãà íýìýãäýæ áàéãàà àæ. Òàâàí æèëèéí äàðàà ãýõýä Õÿòàä óëñ í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýëòèéí òåõíîëîãè, òîíîã òºõººðºìæ ¿éëäâýðëýí õóäàëäààëàõ çîðèëò òàâüæýý. Í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýëòèéí ÷èãëýëýýð èäýâõèòýé àæèëëàæ áàéãàà äàðààãèéí óëñ áîë ÀÍÓ þì. Òóñ óëñ í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýëòèéí ñàëáàðò èõýýõýí õ¿÷èí ÷àðìàéëò ãàðãàæ áóé øàëòãààí íü àñàð èõ íåôòèéí õýðýãëýýòýé õîëáîîòîé. Äýëõèéí õàìãèéí òîì íåôòü èìïîðòëîã÷ îðîí áîë Àìåðèê. ªäºðò áàðàã 20 ñàÿ áàððåëü íåôòü õýðýãëýæ áàéãààãèéí 60 õóâü íü èìïîðòûíõ þì. Äýëõèéí óëñ îðíóóä ºäºðò 80 ñàÿ áàððåëü íåôòü õýðýãëýäýã ãýâýë 4-íèé 1 õóâèéã Àìåðèê äàíãààð ýçýëæ áàéíà. Òóñ óëñ ãàäíààñ øàòàõóóí èìïîðòîëæ àâàõäàà àñàð èõ õýìæýýíèé õºðºí㺠çàðäàã àæ. Òóõàéëáàë, 2006 îíä íåôòèéí èìïîðòîä æèëä 265 òýðáóì àì.äîëëàð çàðöóóëñàí áàéíà. Íåôòèéí íººö íü áàðàãäàæ áàéãààòàé õîëáîîòîéãîîð òóñ óëñ Îéðõè Äîðíîäûí õàðààò áàéäàëä óëàì á¿ð îðæ áàéãàà þì. Èéìýýñ í¿¿ðñíèé íººöºä ò¿øèãëýí øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ¿éëäâýð áàðèõ ÷èãëýëýýð 10 ãàðóé ¿éëäâýðèéí òºñëèéã ÿðüæ áàéíà. Ãýõäýý ºíººã õ¿ðòýë íýã ÷ ¿éëäâýð àøèãëàëòàä îðîîã¿é áàéíà. Ýíý íü àìåðèê÷óóä í¿¿ðñèéã øèíãýð¿¿ëýõýä áàéãàëü îð÷èíä áîõèð ãýæ õàíääàãòàé õîëáîîòîé õýìýýí çàðèì ñóäëàà÷ ¿çýæ áàéíà. ͺ㺺 òàëààñ í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ¿éëäâýð áàðüëàà ÷ ÀÍÓ-ûí øàòàõóóíû º÷¿¿õýí õóâèéã õàíãàõ þì. Õÿòàäàä áàðèãäñàí ºíäºð õ¿÷èí ÷àäàëòàé í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ¿éëäâýð æèëä 1 ñàÿ ãàðóé òîíí íåôòü ¿éëäâýðëýæ áàéãàà áèëýý. Òýãâýë ÀÍÓ-ä èéì õýìæýýíèé ¿éëäâýð áàðüëàà ãýõýä íýã ºäðèéí 20 ñàÿ òîíí õýðýãëýýíèé º÷¿¿õýí õóâèéã õàíãàõààð áàéíà. ßìàðòàé ÷ ãàçðûí òîñ, áàéãàëèéí õèéí íººö øàâõàãäàæ áàéãààòàé õîëáîîòîéãîîð í¿¿ðñèéã øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ÷èãëýëèéí òºñë¿¿äèéã øàòàõóóíû õàðààò áàéäàëä áàéäàã óëñ îðíóóä èõýýõýí ñîíèðõîæ áàéíà. Ìàíàé óëñûí õóâüä ÷ íºõöºë áàéäàë èæèëõýí áàéãàà þì. ªºðººð õýëáýë, íåôòü á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íèé õóâüä 100 õóâü ãàäíû õàðààò áàéäàëä áàéãàà ýíý ¿åä í¿¿ðñíýýñ øèíãýí ò¿ëø ¿éëäâýðëýõ íü èõýýõýí èðýýä¿éòýé áàéíà. Òèéìýýñ õóâèéí õýâøëèéí 2-3 êîìïàíè ýíý ÷èãëýëýýð òºñºë õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâ뺺ä áàéãàà áºãººä èõýíõ òºñºë 2017 îí ãýõýä á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿íýý íèéë¿¿ëíý õýìýýí òîîöîæ áàéíà. Ãýõäýý í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ íü àñàð ºíäºð òåõíîëîãè øààðääàã, íåôòèéí õàíøèéí õýëáýëçëýýñ õàìààð÷ õºðºí㺠Õÿòàä í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýëòèéí ñàëáàðò òýðã¿¿ëíý Ñ¿¿ëèéí æèë¿¿äýä Õÿòàä, Àìå ðèê, Àâñòðàëè, Èíäîíåç çýðýã óëñ îðîí í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òîìîîõîí òºñë¿¿äèéã õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâëºæ áàéíà. Óëñ îðíóóä í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñëèéã ñîíèðõîæ áàéãàà íü õýä õýäýí øàëòãààíòàé. Ýíý äóíäààñ øàòàõóóíû õàíãàìæ çàðèì óëñ îðíû ¿íäýñíèé àþóëã¿é áàéäàëä íºëººëºõ õýìæýýíä õ¿ð÷ áóé íü í¿¿ðñ øèí ãýð¿¿ëýõ õàìãèéí ÷óõàë øàëòãààí áîëæ áàéíà. Òóõàéëáàë, Õÿòàä óëñ í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ñàëáàðò ìàø ýð÷òýéãýýð îðæ áàéãàà áèëýý. Ýíý íü òóñ óëñàä íåôòèéí õàðààò áàéäàë íýìýãäýæ áàéãààòàé õîëáîîòîé àæ. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 69 mining mongolia SKY TEAM Îçåðî “Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóð” ÿâëÿåòñÿ îäíèì èç ðåäêèõ èñòî÷íèêîâ ïðåñíîé âîäû â ïóñòûíå Ãîáè.  ñâÿçè ñ ïðàâèòåëüñòâåííûì ðàçðåøåíèåì èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ãëóáèííîé âîäû ýòîãî îçåðà â ãîðíîðóäíîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòè ñíîâà çàòðàãèâàåòñÿ âîïðîñ ïî èñïîëüçîâàíèþ âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà â Ãîáè. Ñ ýòîãî ãîäà ãîñêîìïàíèÿ “Ýðäýíýñ Òàâàíòîëãîé” íà÷íåò ñòðîèòåëüñòâî êîìáèíàòà ïî ìîéêå óãëÿ, êîòîðûé óïîòðåáèò 200 ë/ñåê. âîäû. Âîäîñíàáæåíèå áóäåò ñîâåðøåíî ñ îçåðà “Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóð”.  ýòîì ãîäó äîëæíî ïðîâîäèòüñÿ äåòàëüíîå èññëåäîâàíèå âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà â îçåðå “Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóð” è îêîí÷àòåëüíî óñòàíîâëåíà îöåíêà ïî åæåãîäíîìó èñïîëüçîâàíèþ âîäû ñ ýòîãî èñòî÷íèêà. Ìåñòíûå æèòåëè íå çàèíòåðåñîâàíû èñïîëüçîâàòü ãëóáèííóþ âîäó Ãîáè â ïðîöåññå ãîðíîðóäíîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòè. Óïðàâëåíèå ïî äåëàì âîäû ïðîãíîçèðóþò, ÷òî ê 2020 ãîäó áóäåò çíà÷èòåëüíî óìåíüøåí ðåçåðâ ïðåñíîé âîäû â ñëó÷àå óïîòðåáëåíèÿ 70 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 ãëóáèííîé âîäû Ãîáè â ãîðíîðóäíîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòè. Ïðàâèòåëüñòâî ñ÷èòàåò, ÷òî íåîáõîäèìî èñïîëüçîâàíèå ãëóáèííîé âîäû äëÿ ïðîäîëæåíèÿ íîðìàëüíîãî ïðîöåññà ïðîèçâîäñòâà â ñâÿçè ñ ðîñòîì ðàçâèòèÿ ãîðíîðóäíîé îòðàñëè, êîòîðàÿ ñòàíîâèòñÿ ëîêîìîòèâîì ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî ðàçâèòèÿ íàøåé ñòðàíû. Ýëåêòðîñòàíöèÿ è îáîãàòèòåëüíûé êîìáèíàò èìåþò îñîáåííîñòè òîãî, ÷òî îíè áîëüøå óïîòðåáëÿþò âîäíûé ðåñóðñ.  áëèæàéøåå âðåìÿ áóäóò ïîñòðîåíû ýëåêòðîñòàíöèÿ è îáîãàòèòåëüíûé êîìáèíàò ãîñêîìïàíèè “Ýðäýíýñ Òàâàíòîëãîé” â öåëÿõ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ ýëåêòðè÷åñòâîì Ãîáè è ïðîèçâîäñòâà ïðîäóêöèè ñ ïðèáàâî÷íîé ñòîèìîñòüþ. ÊÀÊÎÂÀ ÐÅÀËÈÇÀÖÈß ÏÐÎÅÊÒÀ “ÎÐÕÎÍ ÃÎÂÜ Íåâîçìîæíî îáåñïå÷èâàòü òîëüêî âîäíûì ðåñóðñîì Ãîáè ïîòðåáíîñòüþ ãîðíîðóäíîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòè. Ãëóáèííàÿ âîäà âðåìåííî èñïîëüçóåòñÿ â íåì. Ñàìûì ïåðñïåêòèâíûì âàðèàíòîì ïî îáåñïå÷åíèþ âîäíûì ðåñóðñîì ãîðíûõ ïðîåêòîâ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîåêò “Îðõîí ãîâü”. Ìèíèñòåðñòâî îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäû è òóðèçìà çàèíòåðåñîâàíû èíòåíñèôèöèðîâàòü ðåàëèçàöèþ ýòîãî ïðîåêòà. Âñåìèðíûé áàíê ôèíàíñèðóåò îáðàáîòêó åãî ÒÝÎ. À Âñåìèðíûé áàíê ïëàíèðóåò ôèíàíñèðîâàòü ïðîåêò “Îðõîí ãîâü” ñîâìåñòíî ñ ðÿäîì èíôðàñòðóêòóðíûõ ïðîåêòîâ. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ, ðåàëèçàöèÿ ïðîåêòà “Îðõîí ãîâü” ïðèîñòàíîâëåíà â ñâÿçè ñ çàìåäëåíèåì îáðàáîòêè äðóãèõ ïðîåêòîâ. Èñõîäÿ èç ýòîãî, íà÷àëè èñêàòü âûõîä ïî îòäåëüíîìó è ñðî÷íîìó ôèíàíñèðîâàíèþ ïðîåêòà “Îðõîí ãîâü”.  ðàìêàõ ýòîãî ïðîåêòà íà ïëîùàäè â 40 òûñ.êì/êâ áóäåò ñîçäàíî âîäîõðàíèëèùå åìêîñòüþ 232 ìëí.ì/êóá, â êîòîðûé áóäåò òå÷ü âîäà ñ íàâîäíåíèÿ ðåêè “Îðõîí”. Èç ýòîãî õðàíèëèùà áóäåò ïðîòÿíóò âîäîïðîâîä â íàïðàâëåíèè Ãîáè äëÿ ñîâåðøåíèÿ âîäîñíàáæåíèÿ â 2.2 ì3/ñåê â 8 ñîìîíîâ þæíûõ òðåõ àéìàêîâ ñòðàíû, â ñèëó ÷åãî áóäåò îðóóëàëòàä ýðñäýë õ¿ëýýõ ìàãàäëàëòàé, óñíû íººö, áàéãàëü îð÷èíä ¿ç¿¿ëýõ ñºðºã íºëººëºëòýé çýðãýýñ õàìààð÷ òîäîðõîé ñîðèëò, õ¿íäðýë¿¿ä òóëãàð÷ áóé þì. Òîäðóóëáàë, äýëõèé äàõèí í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ¿éëäâýðèéí òåõíîëîãèéí òóðøëàãà õàðüöàíãóé áàãà. Ìàø íàðèéí òåõíîëîãèòîé òóë òóðøëàãà, ºíäºð áýëòãýãäñýí áîëîâñîí õ¿÷èí øààðääàã áàéíà. ̺í õºðºí㺠îðóóëàëòûí õýìæýý àñàð ºíäºð áàéäàã. Áàãà õ¿÷èí ÷àäàëòàé ¿éëäâýð áàðèõàä àøèãëàëòûí ÿâöàä çàðäëàà íºõºõ áàéäàë óäààí òóë õºðºí㺠îðóóëàõ ñîíèðõîë õàðüöàíãóé áàãà. ̺í í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñºëä õºðºí㺠îðóóëëàà ãýõýä ãàçðûí òîñíû ¿íý ãýíýò óíà÷èõâàë õºðºí㺠îðóóëàã÷èä ýðãýýä àëäàãäàë õ¿ëýýõ ýðñäýëòýé þì. Ãýõäýý äýëõèé íèéòèéã õàìàðñàí ñàíõ¿¿, ýäèéí çàñãèéí õÿìðàë òîõèîõã¿é ë áîë ýíý ýðñäýë õàðüöàíãóé áàãà õýìýýí ñóäëàà÷èä ¿çýæ áàéíà. Ó÷èð íü ÀÍÓûí Ýð÷èì õ¿÷íèé ÿàìíààñ 2005 îíä ãàðãàñàí ñóäàëãààãààð 2035 îí ãýõýä áàððåëü íåôòü õàìãèéí äýýä òàë íü 100 ãàðóé àì.äîëëàð, äóíäàæ õàíø íü 60 àì.äîëëàð, õàìãèéí áàãàäàà 35 àì.äîëëàð áàéíà õýìýýí òààìàãëàæ áàéñàí. Òýãâýë òóñ áàéãóóëëàãûí 2009 îíä õèéñýí ñóäàëãààãààð ãàçðûí òîñíû õàíø 2035 îí ãýõýä õàìãèéí ºíäºð íü 200, äóíäàæ õàíø 150, õàìãèéí áàãàäàà 50 àì.äîëëàð áàéíà õýìýýí øèíý÷ëýãäæýý. Îäîîãèéí áàéäëààð ãàçðûí òîñíû õàíø 110 àì.äîëëàðààñ äýýø áàéíà. Òýãýõýýð áîäèò áàéäàë äýýð íåôòèéí ¿íý 100 àì.äîëëàðààñ áóóðàõã¿é ãýäãèéã õàðóóëæ áàéíà. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí, í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ ¿éëäâýð àñàð èõ óñ çàðöóóëäàã îíöëîãòîé. Æèøýý íü 2000 îíîîñ õîéø Õÿòàäàä í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýëòèéí ÷èãëýëýýð ìàø îëîí òºñºë ãàð÷ èðñýí. Ãýâ÷ 2011 îíîîñ òîìîîõîí òºñë¿¿äèéã ¿ëäýýæ, ¿ëäñýí á¿õ òºñë¿¿äèéã õààñàí þì. Ýíý íü óñíû õýðýãëýýòýé õîëáîîòîé. ßëàíãóÿà, ªâºðìîíãîë óñíû íººöººð õîìñ òóë í¿¿ðñ øèíãýð¿¿ëýõ òºñë¿¿äèéã äýìæèõýä õ¿íäðýë ó÷èðñàí áàéíà. Ãîâèéí óñíû íººöººñ óóë óóðõàéä àøèãëàæ ýõýëíý ªìíèéí ãîâèéí öýíãýã óñíû öººõºí íººöèéí íýã áîë Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóð áèëýý. Òýãâýë Çàñãèéí ãàçðààñ ºìíèéí ãîâèéí óóë óóðõàéí ¿éëäâýðëýëä Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóðûí ã¿íèé óñûã õýðýãëýõ çºâøººðëèéã ºãñºíòýé õîëáîîòîéãîîð ãîâèéí óñíû íººöèéí àñóóäàë äàõèí õºíäºãäºæ áàéíà. “Ýðäýíýñ Òàâàíòîëãîé” êîìïàíèéí ýíý îíîîñ áàðèõ óãààõ ¿éëäâýðèéí óñíû õýðýãëýý íü 200ë/ñåêóíä áàéõ þì. Óã õýðýãëýýã Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóðûí ã¿íèé óñíààñ õàíãàíà. Ýíý îíä áàãòàæ Áàëãàñûí óëààí íóóðàíä óñíû íººöèéí íàðèéâ÷èëñàí ñóäàëãàà ÿâàãäàæ, æèëä õý÷íýýí òîíí óñ àøèãëàõ áîëîëöîîòîé ä¿ãíýëòèéã ýöýñëýí ãàðãàõ ó÷èðòàé. Íóòãèéí èðãýä ãîâèéí ã¿íèé óñûã óóë óóðõàéí ¿éëäâýðëýëä àøèãëóóëàõ ñîíèð õîëã¿é áàéíà. Õýðýâ óóë óóðõàéí ¿éëäâýðëýëä ãîâèéí ã¿íèé óñûã àøèãëàâàë 2020 îí ãýõýä íººö íü äóíäðàõ ìàãàäëàëòàéã Óñíû ãàçðààñ àíõààðóóëæ áóé. Ãýâ÷ óóë óóðõàéí ¿éëäâýðëýë õóðäàöòàé ºñ÷, ýäèéí çàñãèéí ãîë ñóóðü áîëæ áàéãààòàé õîëáîîòîéãîîð ¿éëäâýðëýëèéã õýâèéí ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëýõèéí òóëä ã¿íèé óñûã ýõíèé ýýëæèíä àøèãëàõààñ ººð àðãàã¿é õýìýýí Çàñãèéí ãàçàð ¿çæýý. Öàõèëãààí ñòàíö, áàÿæóóëàõ ¿éëäâýð¿¿ä óñûã õàìãèéí èõ àøèãëàäàã îíöëîãòîé. Òýãâýë ºìíèéí ãîâèéí ýð÷èì õ¿÷íèé õýðýãëýýã õàíãàõ, íýì¿¿ ºðòºã øèíãýñýí á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í ¿éëäâýðëýõ çîðèëãîîð îéðûí õóãàöààíä ë ãýõýä “Ýðäýíýñ Òàâàíòîëãîé” êîìïàíèéí öàõèëãààí ñòàíö, óãààõ ¿éëäâýð áàðèãäàõ íü ýý. “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñëèéí ÿâö ÿìàð áàéíà âý ªìíèéí á¿ñèéí óóë óóðõàéí ¿éëäâýðëýëèéã ãîâèéí ã¿íèé óñààð õàíãàõ ÿìàð ÷ áîëîìæã¿é. Áîãèíî õóãàöààíä ò¿ð çóóð àðãàöààõ áàéäëààð ã¿íèé óñûã àøèãëàæ áîëíî. ¯¿íòýé õîëáîîòîéãîîð ãîâèéí óóë óóðõàéã óñààð õàíãàõ õàìãèéí áîëîìæèò õóâèëáàð íü “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñºë þì. Òýãâýë “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñëèéí àæëûã ýð÷èìæ¿¿ëýõèéã ÁÎÀÆß-íààñ ýðìýëçýæ áàéãàà àæ. Òºñëèéí ÒÝǯèéã áîëîâñðóóëàõ àæëûã Äýëõèéí áàíê ñàíõ¿¿æ¿¿ëýõ þì. Ãýõäýý Äýëõèéí áàíê “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñºë áîëîí äýä á¿òýöòýé õîëáîîòîé õýä õýäýí òºñëèéã õàìòàä íü ñàíõ¿¿æ¿¿ëýõýýð òºëºâëºñºí áàéíà. Õàðàìñàëòàé íü áóñàä òºñë¿¿äèéí ÿâö óäààøèðñíààñ áîëæ “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñëèéí ÿâö ìºí ñààð÷ýý. Èéìä “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñëèéã òóñàä íü ñàëãàí àâ÷, ñàíõ¿¿æèëòèéã ÿàðàëòàé øèéäâýðëýõ àðãà çàìûã ýðýëõèéëæ ýõýëñýí áàéíà. Ýíý òºñ뺺ð 40 ìÿí.êì êâàäðàò òàëáàéä Îðõîí ãîëûí ¿åðèéí óðñàöààñ äóíäæààð 232 ñàÿ.ì êóá óñàí ñàí áèé áîëãîõ, ¿¿íýýñ 2.2 ì3/ñåê õýìæýýòýé óñûã øóãàì õîîëîéãîîð äàìæóóëàí ãîâèéí á¿ñèéí 3 àéìãèéí 8 ñóìûí õºäºº àæ àõóé, áàéãàëü îð÷èí, òóõàéí á¿ñ íóòàã äàõü õîò ñóóðèí, ¿éëäâýð àæ àõóéí ãàçðóóä, Îþó òîëãîé, Òàâàí òîëãîé çýðýã óóë óóðõàé, ýð÷èì õ¿÷íèé ¿éëäâýð¿¿äèéí óñíû õýðýãëýýíèé òîäîðõîé õóâèéã õàíãàõààð òîîöñîí þì. Òºñëèéí íèéò óñíû õýðýãëýý 2.5 ìÇ/ñ (60.0-70.0 ñàÿ øîî ìåòð) áóþó ãîëûí äóíäàæ óðñàöûí 4-5 õóâü, çºâøººðºãäñºí íººöèéí 23 õóâüòàé òýíöýæ áàéíà. Ýíý óñíû õýðýãëýýã ãîëûí óðñàöààñ øóóä àâàõã¿é áºãººä óðñöàä òîõèðóóëãà õèéæ, îëîí æèëèéí ¿åðèéí óñíû õóðèìòëàë ¿¿ñãýõ çàìààð óñíû íººö á¿ðä¿¿ëýõ àæ. Ãàäàðãûí óñíû íººö áàðàã áàéõã¿é, ãàçðûí äîîðõ óñíû àøèãëàõ íººö, áîëîìæ õÿçãààðëàãäìàë, æèëä óíàõ òóíàäàñíû õýìæýý äºíãºæ 100 ìì-ýýñ áàãà, õóóðàé àíãàìàë ãîâèéí á¿ñ íóòãèéí áàéãàëü îð÷íû äîðîéòëûã çîãñîîõ, íºõºí ñýðãýýõ õàìãèéí îíîâ÷òîé øèéäýë íü ýíý òºñëèéí ¿ð ä¿íä áèé áîëíî õýìýýí òîîöîæ áàéíà. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 71 mining mongolia SKY TEAM îáåñïå÷åí ñïðîñ âîäû â íàñåëåííûõ ïóíêòàõ, ãîðíîðóäíîýíåðãåòè÷åñêèõ êîìáèíàòàõ íà ìåñòîðîæäåíèÿõ “Îþóòîëãîé” è “Òàâàíòîëãîé”, â ñôåðàõ ñåëüñêîãî õîçÿéñòâà è îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäû. Âîäîïîòðåáëåíèå ïðîåêòà ñîñòàâèò 2,5 ì3/ñåê /60-70 ìëí. ì/êóá/, ÷òî ðàâíÿåòñÿ â ñðåäíåì ñ 4-5 ïðîöåíòàìè òå÷åíèÿ ðåêè “Îðõîí” è 23 ïðîöåíòàìè ðàçðåøåííûõ çàïàñîâ âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà. Âîäà âïðÿìü íå âûòå÷åò èç ñàìîé ðåêè, âîäíûé ðåçåðâ ñôîðìèðîâàí ïóòåì íàêîïëåíèÿ ñ íàâîäíåíèÿ êàæäîãî ãîäà. Ðåçóëüòàòàìè ýòîãî ïðîåêòà ÿâèòñÿ ïðèîñòàíîâëåíèå ýêîëîãè÷åñêîãî äèñáàëàíñà è åãî âîññòàíîâëåíèå â çàñóøëèâîì ðåãèîíå Ãîáè, ãäå íåò ïðèðîäíûõ çàïàñîâ íàäçåìíîé âîäû, åæåãîäíûå îñàäêè ñîñòàâëÿþò 100 ìì è îãðàíè÷èâàåòñÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèå ãëóáèííîé âîäû. ÁÓÄÅÒ ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÜ ÈÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈß ÂÎÄÍÎÃÎ ÐÅÑÓÐÑÀ Åñòü äâà ñïîñîáà çàùèòû âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà. Ïåðâûì èç íèõ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîåêò “Îðõîí ãîâü”, â ðàìêàõ êîòîðîãî ñîçäàí âîäíûé ðåçåðâ â çîíå “õàíãàé” è ïîñòàâèò âîäó â Ãîáè ÷åðåç ïðîâîä. Èíûìè ñëîâàìè, Ãîáè ñíàáæàò âîäîé, êîãäà ñïåöèàëüíîå õðàíèëèùå ïîïîëíèòñÿ âîäîé ð.Îðõîí ïðè íàâîäíåíèè. Íà äàííîå âðåìÿ ýòî ñ÷èòàåòñÿ ñàìûì âîçìîæíûì è ýôôåêòèâíûì âàðèàíòîì ïî ýôôåêòèâíîìó ðàñïðåäåëåíèþ âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà. Ñëåäóþùèé ñïîñîá –îñóùåñòâëåíèå êîíòðîëÿ íàä èñïîëüçîâàíèåì âîäíîãî ðåñóðñà. Èíûìè ñëîâàìè, ñîáëþäåíèå êîíòðîëÿ çà óïîòðåáëåíèåì âîäû íà îñíîâå ñîó÷àñòèÿ ìåñòíîé àäìèíèñòðàöèè è æèòåëåé, ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ îðãàíîâ, ó÷åíûõ è èññëåäîâàòåëåé.  ðåçóëüòàòå ýòîãî áóäåò ïðèíÿòî ðåàëüíîå ðåøåíèå, áàçèðîâàííîå íà èòîãàõ èññëåäîâàíèÿ, ñ ó÷åòîì èíòåðåñîâ âñåõ ñóáúåêòîâ. Ýòîò ïðîåêò áóäåò îñóùåñòâëåí ïðè ïîääåðæêå Âñåìèðíîãî áàíêà, à òàêæå ó÷ðåæäåí Ñîâåòîì âîäíîãî áàññåéíà â ñîñòàâå ìåñòíîé àäìèíèñòðàöèè è æèòåëåé, ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ îðãàíîâ è èññëåäîâàòåëåé. Óñíû õÿíàëòûã áèé áîëãîíî Óñíû íººöèéã õàìãààëàõ õàìãèéí ÷óõàë õî¸ð õºø¿¿ðýã áèé. Ýõíèéõ íü õàíãàéí á¿ñýä ¿åðèéí óñíààñ õóðèìòëàãäñàí óñûã òàòàõ “Îðõîí ãîâü” òºñºë þì. ªºðººð õýëáýë, Îðõîí ãîëûí ò¿âøèí ¿åðèéí óñààð òýæýýãäýí íýìýãäýõ ¿åä ò¿¿íèéã õóðèìòëóóëàí àâ÷ ãîâü ð¿¿ õ¿ðãýíý. Ýíý íü îäîîãèéí áàéäëààð óñûã çîõèñòîé õóâààðèëàõ õàìãèéí áîëîìæèò õó��èëáàðò òîîöîãäîæ áàéíà. Óñíû íººöèéã õàìãààëàõ äàðààãèéí àñóóäàë íü õÿíàëò þì. ªºðººð õýëáýë, îðîí íóòãèéí èðãýä, íóòãèéí çàñàã çàõèðãàà, ìýðãýæëèéí áàéãóóëëàãóóä, ýðäýìòýí ñóäëàà÷èä çýðýã á¿õèé ë òàëûí òºëººëë¿¿äèéí õàìòûí øèéäâýðýýð óñíû õýðýãëýýã õÿíàõ ó÷èðòàé. Èíãýñíýýð á¿õ òàëûí ýðõ àøèã, ñîíèðõîëûã õàðãàëçàí ¿çýæ, áîäèò ñóäàëãààíä äýýð ¿íäýñëýí øèéäâýð ãàðãàõ áîëîëöîî á¿ðäýíý õýìýýí ¿çýæ áàéíà. Óã òºñëèéã Äýëõèéí áàíêíû äýìæëýãòýéãýýð õýðýãæ¿¿ëæ áàéãàà íóòãèéí èðãýä, çàñàã çàõèðãàà, ìýðãýæëèéí áàéãóóëëàãóóä, ñóäëàà÷èä çýðýã á¿õ òàëûí òºëººëë¿¿äýýñ á¿ðäñýí Ñàâ ãàçðûí çºâëºëèéã áàéãóóëàõ þì. 72 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 73 mining mongolia SKY TEAM One of two field crews with Nevada,s Abandoned Mine Lands Program: (l-r) Mackay School students Drew Jones, Orgil Norov, Kelly Elloyan and Kate Schnoor. Photo by John Byrne. Abandoned mines present Nevada students a unique learning opportunity Across the state of Nevada there are an estimated 200,000 abandoned mines, remnants of historic mining operations. Of those, an estimated 50,000 present a safety hazard. Through a unique, summer internship program, these mine sites also present a learning and employment opportunity for students from the University of Nevada, Reno's Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering in the College of Science. 74 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Although the numbers are daunting, eight University interns have been extending the reach of the Nevada Abandoned Mine Lands Program safety program. The internship program, now in its third year, begins with training and supervised field work. The interns are then separated into two field crews and dispatched to locations across Nevada. Each field crew includes a second-year intern who serves as a field-crew leader. Once at the site, the interns inventory the mine's features to determine the appropriate course of action to lessen the potential hazard. Their work can include securing the entrance, sealing a mine shaft and posting warning signs. Environmental factors, such as protection of bat habitats, are considered. The students also visit previously secured sites to evaluate whether additional repair is needed. Mackay students walking to an abandoned mine Student interns traversed the state this summer, addressing safety of abandoned mine sites. Here, they hike to a work site near Virginia City. Photo by John Byrne. "Over the summer I have seen countless historical mines," said Kelly Elloyan, a mining engineering major interning with the Abandoned Mines Land Program. "Each new mine site we discover is totally different from the last. Being able to see what obstacles had to be overcome with regards to the design of the mine is quite interesting and very educational." "We see the internship as part of a continuum that starts with recruitment of students and continues through retention and graduation," said Alan Coyner, University graduate and administrator of the State of Nevada Division of Minerals which oversees the Nevada Abandoned Mine Lands Program. As a member of the Mackay School's Advisory Board, Coyner knows graduates in the fields of earth sciences and engineering are in demand. With that in mind, the internship program seeks to hire students following their freshmen or sophomore year to provide an early industry-related work experience, plus a source of summer income. "This internship has definitely been challenging. Hiking and hauling equipment up and down extremely steep terrain gets really tiring," said Elloyan, who is in his sophomore year at the University. "But, there is no way that can outweigh being outside and exploring Nevada all summer long, and getting paid for it. "It also gives you an idea of what might be expected of us when we get out into the industry whether it be dealing with water or property rights." The program has taken Elloyan and his fellow interns to towns across Northern Nevada, where the mining industry is thriving. "It really is unbelievable how busy these mining towns are," Elloyan said. "We were hard-pressed to find an empty hotel room or camp site in most of them. Everybody from the actual mine employees to the grocery store and gas station owner are scrambling because they are so busy. Mining really has revived these small towns, and I would be really proud to work for any mining company that played a role in that." While the student interns spend most of their time working out in the field, they also rotate through the Nevada Division of Minerals office, where they assist with data and records. In addition to addressing mine-site hazards, the Abandoned Mine Lands Program also includes a public education component, and this summer the students were involved with K-12 outreach sponsored by the Nevada Mining Association. Russ Fields, director of the Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, praised the Division of Minerals' program: "I can't think of a more positive program for the state of Nevada, the University and the Mackay School students. The students receive training and hands-on experience in the area of working in the field with maps, surveying equipment and GPS technology that give them excellent experience for their future careers. Hundreds of abandoned old mining sites around the state have been identified, mapped and secured as a result of this unique program. We are very fortunate to have the Division of Minerals leading the effort to secure these sites and employ these students." Last spring, additional Mackay School students experienced the Abandoned Mine Lands Program when state mining officials partnered with the Mackay Rockhounds, a student club, to secure and clean the Burris Mine site. The formerly active mine is on land owned by the Mackay School. The Nevada Abandoned Mine Lands Program is funded by fees paid by the mining industry and grants from the Bureau of Land Management. "It is basically a dream job for me, and I know a lot of the other interns feel the same," Elloyan said. Student interns traversed the state this 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 75 summer, addressing safety of abandoned mine sites. Here, they hike to a work site near Virginia City. ªÄÒÝÉ ÁÈ×Èà SKY TEAM Îäîîãèéí Õÿòàäûí íóòàãò îðøèæ áàéñàí Òàí óëñûí ¿åä áóþó V çóóíû ñ¿¿ë÷ýýð ñ¿ì õèéä¿¿äýä çîîñíû áàðüöààíû õóóäàñ õýðýãëýæ ýõýëñýí íü öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãò ¿¿ñýõ ýõëýë áîëñîí ãýæ ñóäëàà÷èä ¿çäýã. Àíõ 960-1279 îíä Ñ¿í óëñûí ¿åä Ñû÷óàíü ìóæèä ‘Öçÿî-öçû’ ãýäýã öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã äýëõèéä àíõ óäàà õóäàëäàà àðèëæààíä õýðýãëýñýí ò¿¿õòýé. Ñ¿í óëñàä 1011-1076 îíû õîîðîíä 65 æèëèéí òóðø 22-25 óäàà öààñàí ìºí㺠ãàðãàæ ã¿éëãýýíä îðóóëñàí ìýäýý áàéäàã. Õàðèí Ìîíãîë îðîíä 1260 îíä Õóáèëàé õààí èõ õààí ñóóäàëä ñóóñíû äàðàà óëñàà “Èõ Þàí” ãýæ íýðëýýä “Õóáèëàé õààíû ìºíãºí äýâñãýðò íýðòýé” öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã àëò ìºíãºí áàòàëãààòàé ãàðãàæýý. Ýíý íü òóõàéí ¿åä ã¿éëãýýíèé íàéäâàðòàé õýðýãñýë áîëæ ÷àäñàí ãýäýã. Àðâàí õýëõýý íü íýã ëàí øèæèð àëòòàé òýíöýæ áàéñàí áºãººä Õóáèëàé õààí á¿õ Õÿòàä óëñûã íýãòãýñíèé äàðàà 1287 îíä ìºíãºíèé ñèñòåìèéã áîëîâñðîíãóé áîëãîõ ¿¿äíýýñ 10 ÿíçûí ¿íýòýé öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãäòèéã ã¿éëãýýíä ãàðãàæ áàéæýý. Ò¿¿íýýñ õîéø 1309 îíä Õàéñàí õààíû ¿åä 1330 îíä Òîãîîíòºìºð õààí òóñ òóñ öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã ã¿éëãýýíä ãàðãàæ áºãººä Þàí óëñ îðøèí òîãòíîñîí 100 ãàðóé æèëèéí õóãàöààíä Ìîíãîë÷óóä íèéò 40 ãàðóé òºðëèéí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã ã¿éëãýýíä ãàðãàæ õýðýãëýæ èðñýí ò¿¿õòýé. Õàðèí 1294 îíä Èðàí äàõü Ìîíãîëûí õààíò óëñàä ªëçèéò õààíû òóøààëààð öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã ã¿éëãýýíä ãàðãàí õýðýãëýñýí íü Îéðõè äîðíîä, Åâðîïä öààñàí ìºí㺠õýðýãëýõ ýõëýëèéã òàâüæýý. ̺í Ìîíãîë÷óóäûí æèøýýãýýð Ýíýòõýãò 1330 îíä XIV çóóíû ñ¿¿ë÷ýýð Àìåðèê, Àíãëè, Ôðàíö óëñàä XVIII çóóíä îðîñ îðîíä òóñ òóñ öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã õýðýãëýæ èðñýí ãýñýí ò¿¿õ áèé. 76 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Áîãä õààíò Ìîíãîë Óëñûí ìªíãªí òýìäýãò Õóáèëàé õààíû ìºí㺠Ýíýõ¿¿ ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã õýâíèé õàìò 1907 îíä Îðîñûí ýðäýìòýí Êîçëîâ ªâºð Ìîíãîëûí ýçíèé õîøóóíû íóòàãò Õàð õîòûí òóóðèàñ îëæýý. Õóáèëàé õààíû ìºíãºí òýìäýãò Ýðìèòàæä õàäãàëàãääàã. Áàðîíû áîëçîîò Òýìýýíèé çóðàã á¿õèé ýíýõ¿¿ äýâñãýðòèéí íýã òýìýýãýýð àðèëæèæ áîëîõûã èéíõ¿¿ èëýðõèéëæýý. Àäóóíû çóðàãòàéã àäóó, õîíèíû çóðàãòàé íüìºí àäèë õîíèíû ¿íýä õ¿ðíý. Áýë÷ýýð ä¿¿ðýí ìàëûã ºâºðò áàãòààõ øèä ãýã÷ ýíý. Áîãä õààíò Ìîíãîëû óëñûí Çàñãèéí ãàçðààñ 1921 îíû 4-ð ñàðûí 20-îîñ 10 ñàðûí 20 õ¿ðòýë 6 ñàðûí õóãàöààòàé öààñàí ìºíãºí äýâñãýðòèéã 6%-èéí õ¿¿òýéãýýð ãàðãàõààð øèéä âýðëýñýí áàéíà. Ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýã òèéã ìàëààð áàòàëãààæóóëæ ãàðãàñàí áºãººä “Áàãà áîëçîîò” ãýæ íýðëýæ áàéæýý. ¯¿íèéã ìîäîí áàðààð áàðëàæ õèéñýí áºãººä óã ìîäîí áàðûí ñèéëáýðèéã Ìîíãîë óëñûí ýðäýíèéí õàø òàìãûã ñèéëñýí óðàí ñèéëáýð÷ “õàð ãàðò” õýìýýõ Ëóâñàíãîìáî ãýã÷ õ¿í ñèéëáýðëýñýí áàéíà. Ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãò íü 20, 25, 50, 100-òûí äîëëàðûí äýâñãýðòýýð ãàðãàñàí áºãººä 10-òûí äîëëàð íü õîíèíû, 25-òûí äîëëàð íü ¿õðèéí, 50-òûí äîëëàð íü àäóóíû, 100-òûí äîëëàð íü òýìýýíèé çóðàãòàé áàéæýý. Äýâñãýðò¿¿äèéí àð òàëä õîíü, ¿õýð, ìîðü, òýìýýíèé çóðàãòàé äýýä òàë íü “ñàíãèéí ÿàìíû áàòàëãààíû òàìãà” ãýñýí ¿ã á¿õèé ñî¸ìáîò òàìãà äàðæýý. Ýäãýýð äýâñãýðò¿¿ä äýýð Ìîíãîë, Îðîñ, Àíãëè õýë äýýð áè÷ñýí áè÷èãòýé áºãººä á¿ãä 250.000 Ìåêñèê äîëëàðûí õýìæýýòýé ãàðãàæýý. Ãýâ÷ òóõàéí ¿åä Áàðîí Óíãåðí Íèéñëýë õ¿ðýýã ýçýëæ çàñãèéí ýðõèéã áàðüæ áàéõ ¿åä ãàðñàí òóë Ìîíãîë÷óóä “Áàðîíû ìºí㺔 ãýæ íýðëýõ ÿâäàë ÷ áàéñàí. Ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãò ýõëýýä Ìåêñèê äîëëàðòàé èæèë õàíøòàé áàéæ ÷àäñàí áºãººä 1921 îíû 8 ñàðààñ õàíø íü 60% áóóð÷ýý. Ãýõäýý ¿¿íýýñ õîéø äàõèæ õàíø íü óíààã¿é òîãòâîðòîé áàéæ ÷àäñàí ó÷ðààñ Àðäûí Çàñãèéí Ãàçðààñ óã ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã õ¿÷èí òºãºëäºð õýâýýð ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëæýý. Õàðèí 1922 îíû 2-ð õàãàñò çºâõºí ãàçðûí òºëáºðèéí ¿¿ðýãòýé áîëæ ñàíãèéí ÿàìíû êàññàíä óã ìºíãºí òýìäýãò õóðèìòëàãäàí èðñýí áàéíà. Ñ.Äàíçàíãèéí äîëëàð áàòëàãäñàí ìàíàé óëñûí àíõíû ¿íäñýí õóóëèéí äàãóó “Ñî¸îìáî” ñ¿ëäòýé ìîíãîë ¿ñãýýð áè÷èí õýâëýæ ÇÕÓ-ä ¿éëäâýðëýæýý. Ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã 1966 îíä ã¿éëãýýíýýñ àëáàí ¸ñîîð õàññàí áàéíà. 1966, 1981, 1983 îíä ãàðñàí ìªíãªí òýìäýãò¯¯ä 1939 îíä ãàðñàí ìªíãªí òýìäýãò¯¯ä Ñàíãèéí ÿàìíû òýðã¿¿í ñàéä Ñ.Äàíçàí óëñ òºðèéí õýðýãò õîëáîãäñîí òóë ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã ã¿éëãýýíä îðóóëààã¿é þì. Ìîíãîë îðîíä Àðäûí õóâüñãàë ÿëæ øèíý çàñãèéí ãàçàð áàéãóóëàãäàõ ¿åä áàíêã¿é, “áàãà áîëçîîò” öààñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòýýñ ººð ìºíãºí òýìäýãòã¿é áàéæýý. Ýíý íü óëñ îðíû ýäèéí çàñãèéã òºâõí¿¿ëýõ, ãàäààäûí êàïè òàëûã øàõàí çàéëóóëàõàä õ¿íäáàéñàí òóë Ìîíãîë óëñûí ñàíãèéí ÿàì øèíý ìºíãºí äýâñãýðòèéã ÇÀÑÁÍÕÎÓ-ä çàõèàëæ 3.5 ñàÿ äîëëàðûí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã õèéëãýñýí áàéíà. Ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãò íü 50 öåíò, 1, 3, 5, 10, 25-òûí äîëëàð ãýñýí äýâñãýðòýýð ãàð÷ýý. ̺íãºí òýìäýãòèéí í¿¿ðýí òàë äàõü áàðóóí áà ç¿¿í òàëûí ãî¸ìñîã áîñîî õ¿ðýýíä ìîíãîë áè÷ãýýð “Ìîíãîë óëñûí õ¿¿ãèéí ìºíãºí òýìäýãò öààñ”, Ìîíãîë óëñûí àðâàí íýãä¿ãýýð îíä õýâëýí ãàðãàâ”, òºâ õýñýãò íü “Óëñûí õ¿¿ãèéí áýëýí ìºí㺺ð áàòàëìîé”, äîîä õýñýãò íü òóñãàé õ¿ðýýíä “Ñàíãèéí ÿàìíû òýðã¿¿í ñàéä Äàíçàí, õ¿¿ãèéí íÿðàâ Äàâàà”, ãýæ áè÷èæ, äîîä õýñýãò íü äóãóé äîòîð ºëçèé õýý çóðñàí, áàðóóí ãàð òàëä êèðèë òîîãîîð äóãààð áè÷ñýí áàéäàã. ̺í í¿¿ðýí õýñýãò äóãóé äýýð ìºíãºíèé íýãæèéã ìîíãîë, áè÷ãýýð “Áóñàä õ¿ì¿¿ñ äóóðèàí ¿éëäâýýñ”, áàðóóí ãàð òàëä “õóóëèéí ¸ñîîð ÿëàëìîé” ãýæ áè÷æýý. ̺í äºðâºí áóëàíä æèæèã äóãóéä Ìîíãîë áîëîí êèðèë òîîãîîð ìºíãºíèé íýãæèéã òýìäýãëýí Àíãëèàð “Äîëëàð” ãýæ áè÷æýý. Òýäãýýðèéã 1924 îíä ÌîíãîëÎðîñûí õàìòàðñàí “Õóäàëäàà àæ ¿éëäâýðèéí áàíê” áàéãóóëàã÷äàæ øèíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãò õýðýãëýõ áîëñîí ¿åä õýðýãëýõ òóõàé àñóóäàë çàñãèéí ãàçàðò îðæ áàéñàí áàéíà. 1925 îíä ãàðñàí ìªíãªí òýìäýãò¯¯ä Ýíý ìºíãºí òýìäýãò 1924 îíä Óã ìºíãºí òýìäýãò íü “Ñî¸îìáî” ñ¿ëäòýé í¿¿ðýí òàëäàà 1921 îíû Àðäûí õóâüñãàëûí óäèðäàã÷ Ä.Ñ¿õáààòàðûí õºðºã çóðàãòàé õýâëýãäñýí áàéíà. Ýíý îíû ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã 1966 îíä àëáàí ¸ñîîð ã¿éëãýýíýýñ õàññàí. 1941 îíä ãàðñàí ìªíãªí òýìäýãò¯¯ä 1966 îíä 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 òºãðºã, 1981 îíä 3,5,10,50,100 òºãðºã, 1983 îíä 1,3 òºãðºãèéí äýâñãýðò¿¿ä òóñ òóñ ãàðñàí áàéíà. Ýäãýýðèéã çóðàà÷ Ö.Ìèíæ¿¿ð, Ä.Öýðýíïèë íàðûí çóð ãààð 1966 îíä áàòëàãäñàí øèíý ñ¿ëäòýéãýýð õèéæ ÇÕÓ-ä ¿éëäâýðëýæ ã¿éëãýýíýýñ 1994 îíä õàñ÷ýý. 1981 îíä 20 òºãðºãèéã àíõ óäàà çóðàà÷ Ð.Àëòàíõóÿãèéí çóðãààð ÇÕÓ-ä ¿éëä âýðëýí 1966 îíä ¿éëäâýðëýãäñýí 25 òºãðºã íü àëáàí ¸ñîîð ã¿éëãýýíýýñ òàòàãäàæ ýõýëæýý. ªÍªª õýðýãëýãäýæ áóé ìªíãªí òýìäýãò¯¯ä ̺íãºí òýìäýãò íü 1940 îíä áàòàëñàí ¿íäñýí õóóëèàð øèíý÷ëýãäñýí 5 õîøóó ìàë á¿õèé ñ¿ëä Ä.Ñ¿õáààòàð õºðºãòýé õýâëýãäæýý. Ýäãýýð ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã ÇÕÓ-ä ¿éëäâýðëýí ã¿éëãýýíä îðóóëæ 1966 îíä ã¿éëãýýíýýñ àëáàí ¸ñîîð õàñ÷ýý. 1955 îíä ãàðñàí ìªíãªí òýìäýãò¯¯ä Ýíý îíû ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã çóðàà÷ Øè-áó, Ä.Àìãàëàí íàðûí çóðãààð 1940 îíä ¯íäñýí õóóëèàð áàòàëñàí Ñ¿ëä, Ä.Ñ¿õáààòàðûí çóðàãòàé ãàðãàñàí áàéíà. Óëñûí àëáàí ¸ñíû áè÷èã ººð÷ëºãäñºíòýé õîëáîãäîí ìºíãºí òýìäýãò äýýðõ á¿õ ¿ã ¿ñãèéã êèðèëë ¿ñãýýð áè÷æýý. Ýäãýýð ìºíãºí òýìäýãòèéã ÇÕÓ-ä ¿éëäâýðëýí ã¿éëãýýíä îðóóëæ 1966 îíä ã¿éëãýýíýýñ àëáàí ¸ñîîð õàñ÷ýý. 1992 îíû 2-ð ñàðààñ ýõëýí ìºðäºæ ýõýëñýí Ìîíãîë óëñûí ¿íäñýí õóóëèéí äàãóó “ÁÍÌÀÓ” ãýñýí íýðèéã “Ìîíãîë óëñ”ãýæ ººð÷èëñºí íü 1993 îíä ãàðãàñàí ìºíãºí òýìäýãòýä áè÷èãäæýý. Õàðèí ýíý îíû ìºíãºí òýìäýãòýä øèíýýð áàòëàãäñàí òºðèéí ñ¿ëä çóðàãäààã¿é áºãººä ò¿¿íèé îðîíä Ìîíãîë÷óóäûí òºðèéí óëàìæëàëò áèëýãäýë Àëòàí Ñî¸ìáûã çóðæýý. 1993 îíû ìºíãºí òýìäýãò¿¿ä íü 1,5,10,20,100,500,1000 ãýñýí íàéìàí íýãæòýéãýýð ãàðñàí áàéíà. 500, 1000òûí ìºíãºí äýâñãýðòèéã í¿¿ð òàëä ýçýí áîãä ×èíãèñ õààíû õºðºã çóðãèéã, 1-ýýñ áóñàä äýâñãýðò¿¿äýä Àðäûí õóâüñãàëûí óäèðäàã÷ Ä.Ñ¿õáààòàðûí õºðãèéã áàéðëóóëñàí áàéíà. 500,1000òûí äýâñãýðòèéí àð òàëä ×èíãèñ õààíû ¿åèéí áàéäëûã ä¿ðñýëñýí. “Èõ í¿¿äýë” ò¿¿õýí çóðàã, æèæèã äýâñãýðò¿¿ä äýýð àäóó, áýë÷ýýðýëñýí õºäºº íóòàã, ìºíõ öàñò Îòãîíòýíãýð óóëûí çóðàã õýâëýãäæýý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 77 Ýðõ ÷ºëººã òóíõàãëàñàí æàãñààë, öóãëààí ýíä, òýíä áîëäîã, òýãâýë àìåðèêèéí çàëóó÷óóä “õàòóó þì” óóõààð ýðñëýí áîññîí ýíý çóóíû ýõýýð áîëñîí ÿâäàë. “Áèä øàð àéðàã óóìààð áàéíà”, “Ãàøóóí, íÿñóóí óìäààí ìàíäòóãàé” ãýõ ìýòýýð òýäíèé áàðüñàí òóã, ëîîçîí íü õ¿ðòýë ºâºðìºö àãóóëãàòàé. Àðõè, àðõè÷èíòàé òýìöýõ ÿâäàë àëü ÷ íèéãýìä áàéäàã. Òýãâýë àìåðèêóóä àðàé ë õýòð¿¿ë÷èõæýý. 1920 îíä ñ¿ðõèé íýãýí õóóëü áàòàëñàí íü àðõè, ñîãòóóðóóëàõ óíäààã ¿éëäâýðëýõ, òýýâýðëýõ, áîðëóóëàõ, õèë íýâòð¿¿ëýõèéã õîðèãëîñîí õóóëü áàéâ. Õóóëèéã õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõèéí òóëä àðõè, øàð àéðàã çýðýã ñîãòîîõ óâèäàñòàé á¿õíèéã ìóó óñíû ñóâàã ðóó àñãàæýý. Õóóëü ñàíàà÷ëàã÷èä “Íóëèìñ õàòëàà, ÿäóó õîðîîëîë äóðñàìæ áîëîâ. Øîðîíã äýëã¿¿ð, õîðèõ ãàçàð ¿éëäâýð áîëæ õóâèðíà. Õ¿ì¿¿ñ í¿¿ð áàðäàì, õ¿¿õí¿¿ä èíýýäòýé, õ¿¿õä¿¿ä õººð íààäàìòàé áîëíî” õýìýí õººðöºãëºæ áàéëàà. Ãýâ÷ òýäíèé ñàíàñàí, õýëñýí á¿õýí íºëººò òîëèíû ¿éë÷ëýë øèã ýñðýãýýð ýðãýæýý. “Øàã”-èéí þì õàäàíä ãàð÷, çîõèîí áàéãóóëàëòòàé á¿ëýãëýë¿¿ä “áààñíû áàòãàíà” øèã ºñ÷, ¿ðæèâ. Àâëèãà, àëáàí òóøààëàà óðâóóëàí àøèãëàõ íü õàà ÷ áàéõ ¸ñòîé ç¿éë áîëæ, õ¿÷èðõèéëýë ãàçàð àâàâ. Ãýìò á¿ëýãëýë¿¿äèéí çàõ çýýëýý õóâààõ ãýñýí ºðñºë人íä ýíãèéí èðãýä ºðòºõ áîëëîî. Ýíý á¿õíèéã ýñýðã¿¿öñýí îëîí ìÿíãàí àìåðèê÷óóä æàãñàæ, “We want beer” æàãñààëä äóó íýãäæýý. Ýð¿¿ë, õ¿÷èðõèéëýëã¿é íèéãìèéã õ¿ññýí æàãñàã÷èä ÿëñàí þì. 13 æèëèéí òóðø “áóðóó ãàð”-ûí þìààð õýðýãöýýãýý àìåðê÷óóä òýðõ¿¿ òýìöëýýð “óóõ” ýðõýý îëæ àâñàí þì. Òýä ¯íäñýí õóóëèéí íýìýëò ººð÷ëºëòèéã õ¿ðòýë õ¿÷èíã¿é áîëãîæ ÷àäñàí áèëýý. 78 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 79 èõ ñïîðò SKY TEAM ÁÀÀÒÀÐ Øàðãûí ãîâü àëòààð äàâàëãààëæ, Õàðõèðàà Ò¯ðãýíèé óóëñ õªªìýéí ò¯ðëýã õàäààí ªíäªëçªõªä Óâñ íóóð ìªíãªí äîëãèîãîîð ìßÿðàëçàæ, Ìýíýíãèéí àëäàðò òàë çýðýãëýýí äóíäàà Ãàíäðèñûí õîò áîñãîí äóó äóóãàà àâàëöñààð Ìîíãîë äàÿàð àç æàðãàëààð áÿßëõñàí áèëýý. Ä.Ýíõò¿âøèí Ìîíãîëûí àðä ò¿ìýí 1982 îíû 3-ð ñàðûí 22-íä Æ.ÿððàã÷ààã “Ñîþç 39” õºë㺺ð ñàíñàðò íèñýõýä õºãøèí çàëóóã¿é íóëèìñ óíàãàí àðä íèéòýýðýý íýãýí óäàà ñýòãýëèéí æàðãàë, õººð áàÿð ýäýëæ áèëýý.Ò¿¿íýýñ õîéø àæèí ò¿æèí àìüäàðñààð õîðèí õýäýí æèë ºíãºð÷ á¿õ àðä ò¿ìíýýðýý ñýòãýëèéí öýíãýë, áàÿð õººðèéí äýýäèéã ýäýëíý ãýäãèéã ìàðò÷èõñàí ë òóóöãààæ ÿâëàà. Òýãòýë ãýâ ãýíýò ãýãýýí öàãààí ºäðººð òýíãýðò îä ìàíäàõûã õàðæ õîòîë ò¿ìíýýðýý õîîëîé íèéë¿¿ëýí õàøãèðàëäàæ, áàÿðûí ìàãíàé òýíèéõ ºäºð èðýõ ë ó÷èðòàé áàéæ.Ìîíãîë÷óóä íýãýí öóë áîëîí çàíãèäàãäàæ, õÿçãààðã¿é èõ áàÿð áàÿñãàëàí, ýõ îðîí àðä ò¿ìíýýðýý îìîãøèí áàõàðõñàí õýçýý ÷ ìàðòàãäàøã¿é äóðñãàëò òýð ºäºð áîë 2008 îíû íàéìäóãààð ñàðûí 14. ×óõàì òýð ë ºäºð Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïèéí æóäî áºõèéí -100 êã-ûí 80 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 æèíä áàðèëäñàí Áóëãàí õàíãàéí õ¿¿ Íàéäàíãèéí Ò¿âøèíáàÿð ó÷ðàà áîëãîí îî òºâºãã¿éõýí áóóëãàæ àâñààð óëñ Ìîíãîëîîñîî àíõíû îëèìïèéí àâàðãà áîëñîí ò¿¿õòýé. Ãàéõàìøèãòàé òýð ë ºäºð Øàðãûí ãîâü àëòààð äàâàëãààëæ, Õàðõèðàà Ò¿ðãýíèé óóëñ õººìýéí ò¿ðëýã õàäààí ºíäºëçºõºä Óâñ íóóð ìºíãºí äîëãèîãîîð ìÿðàëçàæ, Ìýíýíãèéí àëäàðò òàë çýðýãëýýí äóíäàà Ãàíäðèñûí õîò áîñãîí äóó äóóãàà àâàëöñààð Ìîíãîë äàÿàð àç æàðãàëààð áÿëõñàí áèëýý. Èõ ýçýí ×èíãèñèéí ¿ð ñàä, õºõ òîëáîò Ìîíãîë÷óóä àíõ óäàà 1964 îíä Òîêèîãèéí îëèìïîä îðîëöñîíîîñ õîéø á¿õýë á¿òýí 44 æèë îëèìïèéí àâàðãà õýìýýõ ýðõýì àëäðûã áèò¿¿õýíäýý õàðóóëäàæ, ãîðüäëîãî òàñðàõã¿é õ¿ëýýñýýð ë èðñýí áèëýý. Òýãâýë 44 æèëèéí òýð èõ õ¿ëýýëò, ãîðüäëîãûí õàðèóã Áóëãàí àéìãèéí Ñàéõàí ñóìûí óóãóóë, ýãýë ìàë÷íû õ¿¿ òàéëàõ ó÷èðòàé áàéæýý. Õ.Áàòòóëãà ñàéä “Îëîí ë òýìöýýíä òîëãîé ìýäýí øèéäýæ äàãóóëààä ÿâàõ þì. ßà÷èõñàí òóðøëàãà ñóóäàãã¿é íºõºð âý” õýìýýí çýìëýõýä ººðººñºº è÷èæ í¿¿ð õèéõ ãàçàðã¿é áîëñîí ãýäýã. Îëèìïèéí àâàðãûí õ¿¿õýä áàãà íàñ 1984 îíä Áóëãàí àéìãèéí Ñàéõàí ñóìûí óóãóóë, ìàë÷èí àðä Íàéäàíãèéí ýõíýð àìàðæèæ äîëîî äàõü õ¿¿õäýý òºð¿¿ëýõýä 5,5 êã æèíòýé ìàíòàéñàí öàãààí õ¿¿ öîâîî äóóãàà õàäààí õîðâîîä ìýíäýëñýí íü èðýýä¿éí îëèìïèéí àâàðãà, Ìîíãîë óëñûí õºäºëìºðèéí áààòàð Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð áàéæýý. ”Ñàéõàí óóë”-ûíõàà áýëä ¿åèéíõýý õ¿¿õä¿¿äòýé äýýëèéíõýý ñóãûã õàíçàðòàë íîöîëäîæ ºññºí õ¿¿ äîëîîí íàñòàé áàéõäàà ë ººðèéíõºº àãóó èõ èðýýä¿éã çºí ñîâèíäîî ìýäýð÷ ýõýëñýí íü ñîíèí. Óäàì äàìæñàí õ¿÷èò ñàéí áºõ÷¿¿äýýðýý Ñàéõàí ñóì õýçýýíèé ë àëäàðòàé.Èðýýä¿éí îëèìïèéí àâàðãà ìààíü ñóìûí òºâä íàãàö àõ Äàøçýâýãèéíäýý ñóóæ ýðäýì íîìûí äóó ñîíñ÷ ýõýëæýý.×óõàìõ¿¿ òýíäýýñ ë áºõ áîëîõ ÷èí õ¿ñýë íü óíäàð÷ àëñûí õàðààòàé íàãàö àõ íàð íü áÿöõàí Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðûí õîëûí ãýãýýí ìºðººäºëä íü óðìûí ñ¿¿ äóñààæ ºãñºí ãýäýã. պ人 ìàë äýýðýý ¿ëäñýí ààâ, ýýæ õî¸ð íü îòãîí õ¿¿äýý á¿õíýý çîðèóëæ ¸ñòîé ë èõ õàéðàíäàà áºìáºð¿¿ëæ ºñãºñºí ãýäýã.Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðûã çóðãàäóãààð àíãèä ñóð÷ áàéõàä íü ààâ íü “ Ìóó øàð õ¿¿ãýý ñàíààä áàéõ þì.Ìèíèé õ¿¿ àìðàëòûí ºä𺺠ààâ, ýýæäýý äàâõèàä èðæ áàé” õýìýýí óíàäàã äóãóé àâ÷ ºã÷èõººä íàãàö àõ íàðò íü “Íÿëõ õ¿¿õýä ýðõë¿¿ëæ, òîëãîé äýýðýý ãàðãàëàà” õýìýýí çýìë¿¿ëæ áàéñàí ãýäýã. Ñóìûí òºâººñ õºäºº ãýð íü 40-ººä êì çàéòàé áàéæýý. Èðýýä¿éí èõ àâàðãà ìààíü ÷ àìðàëòûí ºäºð áîëîâ óó ¿ã¿é þó äóãóéãàà óíààä ààâ ýýæ ð¿¿ãýý ãàðààä äàâõè÷èõäàã áàéæ. Äîëîî õîíîã á¿ðèéí òýð áýëòãýë íü èðýýä¿éí îëèìïèéí àâàðãûí õºëèéí áóë÷èí øºðìºñ íü áýõæèõýä ÷óõàë íºëºº ¿ç¿¿ëñýí íü äàìæèãã¿é.Èðæ î÷èõûí 80 êì äóãóéãààð äàâõèñààð ãóðâàí æèëèéã ¿äæýý.Íýã ë óäàà íàìðûí àíõíû öàñíààð õî¸ð ÷èõýý õºë人ñíººñ ººð õîõèðîë àìñàëã¿é äàâõèñààð ñóìàíäàà íàéìäóãààð àíãè ä¿¿ðãýñýí áàéíà.Áóëãàí àéìãèéí òºâä øèëæèí î÷èæ ñïîðòûí ñóðãàëòòàé 2-ð äóíä ñóðãóóëèéí áèåèéí òàìèðûí çààëíû õààëãàí çàâñðààð øàãàéãààä çîãñîæ áàéõàä íü àíõíû áàãø Ã.Ýðäýíáàò íü “Õººå òýíä çîãñîîä áàéãàà õ¿¿õýä îðîîä èð” ãýñíýýð áºõèéí ñïîðòîä àìüäðàëàà çîðèóëàõ ¿¿ä õààëãà íü íýýãäñýí ò¿¿õòýé. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 81 èõ ñïîðò SKY TEAM պ人íèé õ¿¿ õîòûí èðãýí áîëñîí íü Áóëãàí õàíãàéäàà äóíä ñóðãóóëèà òºãññºí èðýýä¿éí èõ àâàðãà ìààíü 2000 îíä Óëààíáààòàð õîòîä õ¿ðýëöýí èðæ “Àâàðãà” áèåèéí òàìèðûí äýýä ñóðãóóëèéí îþóòàí áîëæýý.Îäîîãèéí óðàí áàðèëäààí÷ óëñûí íà÷èí Ý.Ýíõáàòòàéãàà îþóòàí íàñíààñàà ¿åðõýí íºõºðëºæ íýãýí ãýðò õàìò àìüäàð÷ áàéæ. Áºõ áîëíî ë ãýñýí äýâð¿¿õýí ìºðººäºëòýé ÷ õààíààñ ýõýëæ, õýðõýí àìæèëòàíä õ¿ðýõ òàëààð äîðâèòîéõîí áîäîëã¿é ¸ñòîé ë í¿äýý íýýãýýã¿é øàâèëõàí çàëóóä 2001 îíä Óëààíáààòàð õîòîä çîõèîãäñîí æóäî áºõèéí Àçèéí àâàðãà øàëãàðóóëàõ òýìöýýí ìàø èõèéã áîäîãäóóëæ èðýýä¿éí àìüäðàëûíõ íü çàì ìºðèéã çóðæ ºã÷ýý. 2002 îíîîñ æóäî áºõººð òóóøòàé õè÷ýýëëýæ ýõëýõäýý çóðãààõàí æèëèéí äàðàà îëèìïèéí àâàðãà áîëîõ áàéòóãàé õýçýý íýãýí öàãò ñïîðòûí àãóó èõ áàÿðò ººðèéí áèåýð îðîëöîõ òóõàé ÷ ìºðººäºõ ñýõýýã¿é ÿâñàí ãýäýã. Îþóòíû äºðâºí æèë Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðò èõ ÿëàëò àìæèëòûíõ íü ¿íäýñ ñóóðèéã òàâüæ ºã÷ýý.Àíõ 2004 îíû ñàìáî 82 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 áºõèéí íàñàíä õ¿ðýã÷äèéí ÓÀØÒýýñ ìºíãº, æóäî áºõèéíõººñ àëòàí ìåäàëü àâ÷èõààä áàÿð õººðòºº óìáàæ ÿâàõàä íü äàñãàëæóóëàã÷ áàãø ãàâüÿàò òàìèð÷èí Õ.Áîëäáààòàð “Áàÿðëàõ ÿàãàà ÷ ¿ã¿é ø¿¿. ×è æèíõýíý áºõ áîëîõ áîëîîã¿é, õàà áàéñàí õîë áàéíà” õýìýýí äàðóóëãà ºã÷ áàéñàí íü èðýýä¿éí îëèìïèéí àâàðãûã õóðöàëñàí áàãøûíõ íü óõààí áàéæýý. 2005 îíä àíõ óäàà õèëèéí äýýñ àëõàæ ÁÍÕÀÓ-ûí ×èíäàîãèéí îëîí óëñûí òýìöýýíýýñ ìºíãºí ìåäàëü ç¿¿ãýýä èðñýí ÷ áýëòãýë ñóðãóóëèëò íü íýã ë õàíãàëòòàé ñàéí áèø áàéãààã õàðñàí íóòãèéõ íü àõ óëñûí íà÷èí Ï.Ãàíáàÿð àãñàí íýã ºäºð óóëçàæ “Ýíõáàò òà õî¸ð ýð÷ íü õàðüñàí äýýñ øèã õî¸ðûí õîîðîíä áèòãèé èíãýýä ÿâààä áàé. Áè ìàðãààøíààñ ýõëýýä ºã뺺 áîëãîí òà õî¸ðûã áýëòãýë õèéëãýíý. Ìàðãààø ºã뺺 09,30-ä öýíãýëäýõ õ¿ðýýëýíãèéí ãàäàà áàéæ áàé” ãýæýý. ªâëèéí õ¿éòýí èä òà÷èãíàæ áàéñàí 12-ð ñàðä ñàéõàí ñýòãýëò, íóòãèéí àõ óëñûí íà÷èí Ï.Ãàíáàÿð àãñíû îëîí äàõèí äàâòóóëæ áàéñàí õî¸ð õºëä õàìæ îðîõ ìýõ íü õî¸ð æèë õàãàñûí äàðàà îëèìïèéí àâàðãûí àëòàí ìåäàëüä õ¿ðãýõ þì ãýæ òýð ¿åä õýíèé ÷ ñàíààíä îðîîã¿é áèç ýý. Ñàéõàí ñóìûí õ¿¿ øèãøýý áàãèéí õ¿¿ áîëñîí íü 2006 îíä æóäî áºõèéí ¿íäýñíèé øèãøýý áàã áàéãóóëàãäñàí ÷ ýõíèé ¿åä Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðûã çºâõºí áýëòãýë õàíãàã÷ààð ë àâ÷ áàéæýý.Òýð ë ¿åýñ æóäîãèéí øèãøýý áàãèéí òàìèð÷èä öàëèí õàíãàìæ ýäýëæ, ºäºðò ãóðâàí óäàà òîãòìîë áýëòãýë õèéõ áîëñîí íü ºíººäðèéí Ìîíãîëûí æóäî÷äûí ÿëàëò àìæèëòûí ¿íäýñ ñóóðü áîëñîí áèëýý.Áýëòãýë õàíãàã÷ààð øèãøýý áàãò áàãòñàí Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðûã òýð ¿åýñ ºíººãèéí æóäî áºõèéí õîëáîîíû åðºíõèéëºã÷ ÓÈÕ-ûí ãèø¿¿í Õ.Áàòòóëãà îíöãîé àíõààðàëäàà àâ÷ òóí ÷ óäàëã¿é øèãøýý áàãèéí îðîí òîîíû òàìèð÷íààð àâàõàä ãàéõàæ áàéñàí õ¿ì¿¿ñ îëîí áèé. Îëîí óëñûí òýìöýýíèé òóðøëàãà ìóóòàé çàëóó áºõèéã 2006 îíû Äîõàãèéí Àçèéí íààäìûí ¿íýìëýõ¿é æèíä áàðèëäóóëàõààð àâ÷ ÿâàõàä ãàéõàæ ýðãýëçýæ, òýð ÷ áàéòóãàé øóóä ýñýðã¿¿öýæ áàéñàí õ¿ì¿¿ñ öººíã¿é. Õàðèí ºíººõ áèò¿¿ áºõ 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 83 èõ ñïîðò SKY TEAM íü Äîõàãèéí íààäàìä òóí ñàéí áàðèëäàæ ìåäàëèéí îîñðîîñ àòãààä àëäñàí áèëýý. Äîõàãèéí íààäàìä òàâäóãààð áàéðàíä îðñîí àìæèëòûã íü ¿íýëæ Õ.Áàòòóëãà åðºíõèéëºã÷ òîëãîé ìýäýí Áðàçèëèéí äýëõèéí àâàðãà øàëãàðóóëàõ òýìöýýíä àâààä î÷èæ. Õàðèí èõ èòãýë õ¿ëýýëãýæ àâ÷ î÷ñîí áºõ íü Áðàçèëä ¿íäñýí æèíäýý òóí ÷ õàíãàëòã¿é áàðèëäàæ. Òýãýõýä Õ.Áàòòóëãà ñàéä “Îëîí ë òýìöýýíä òîëãîé ìýäýí øèéäýæ äàãóóëààä ÿâàõ þì. ßà÷èõñàí òóðøëàãà ñóóäàãã¿é íºõºð âý” õýìýýí õàòóóõàí çýìëýë õ¿ëýýëãýõýä òóéëûí èõ ñàíàà íü çîâæ, ººðººñºº è÷èæ í¿¿ð õèéõ ãàçàðã¿é áîëñîí ãýäýã. Äàðàà íü ¿íýìëýõ¿é æèíä áàðèëäàí ãóðàâ ÿëæ ìåäàëèéí òºëººõ áàðèëäààíä Óçáåêèéí áºõºä þóêî ¿íýëãýýãýýð äèéëäýæ øàãíàëò òàâäóãààð áàéðàíä îðæýý. 2006 îíûã èéìýðõ¿¿ äàðóóõàí àìæèëòòàé ¿äñýí ò¿¿íä õàìãèéí èõ èòãýë íàéäâàð õ¿ëýýëãýæ áàéñàí õ¿í íü æóäî áºõèéí õîëáîîíû åðºíõèéëºã÷ ÓÈÕûí ãèø¿¿í Õ.Áàòòóëãà áàéëàà. Öàãòàà äýëõèéí õ¿÷òýí¿¿äòýé ãàð çºð¿¿ëæ áºõèéí æàðãàë çîâëîíã ñàéí ìýäýõ õ¿íèé õóâüä Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðûã àðãàã¿é ë äýëõèéí õýìæýýíèé áºõ áîëíî ãýäãèéã óðüä÷èëàí õàðñàí ãàíö õ¿í ãýýä õýë÷èõýä áóðóóäàõã¿é ë áîëîâ óó. 84 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Àìüäðàëûã íü ýðã¿¿ëñýí 2008 îí 2008 îí ãàðñààð Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðûí áàðèëäñàí õàìãèéí àíõíû òýìöýýí íü 2-ð ñàðä Ïàðèñò çîõèîãäñîí Æóäî áºõèéí Ñóïåð öîìûí òýìöýýí áàéâ. Äýëõèéí 69 îðíû ýðýãòýé, ýìýãòýé 564 æóäî÷ îðîëöñîí òýðõ¿¿ òýìöýýíèéã “Áàãà äýëõèéí àâàðãà, Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïèéí ºìíºõ õàìãèéí òîì ñîðèëãî” õýìýýí áè÷èæ áàéëàà.-100êã-ûí æèíä òàâàí òèâèéí 42 áºõ çîäîãëîõîä ìàíàé áºõ ýõíèé òîéðîãò Äýëõèéí àâàðãûí àëò, õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé Áðàçèëèéí áºõ Ý.Ëó÷èàíàã öýâýð øèäýæ ãàðààãàà òóí ñàéõàí ýõë¿¿ëæýý.Õî¸ðäóãààð òîéðîãò Ðóìûíèé áºõ Äàíèåëü Áðàòîã 43-õàí ñåêóíäýä áóóëãàæ àâñàí áàéíà.Ãóðâûí äàâààíä Ãåðìàíû Äìèòðèé Ïèòåðèéã õî¸ð âàçàðèãààð áóóëãàæ àâñàí áîë õýñãèéí àâàðãûí òºëºº ÁÍÑÓ-ûí áºõ Þó Êâàí Ñ¿íòýé áàðèëäàæ õóãàöàà äóóñàõûí ºìíºõºí äàëààð íü øèäæýý. Èíãýýä ñóïåð öîìûí òºëºº Îëèìïèéí àâàðãà, äýëõèéí àâàðãûí õîøîé ìºíãºí ìåäàëüò Ãðåêèéí àëäàðò áºõ Èëèàñ Èëèàäèñèéã öýâýð øèäýæ æèíõýíý äóóëèàí òàðèí àâàðãûí àëòàí ìåäàëü ýíãýðòýý ç¿¿ñýýð ýõ îðîíäîî èðæ áàéâ.Ãýõäýý ë çóðãààõàí ñàðûí äàðàà æèíõýíý äóóëèàí òàðèõ þì ãýæ òýð ¿åä õýíèé ÷ ñàíààíä îðæ èðýýã¿é þì.Îëèìïèéí ºìíºõºí äºðºâä¿ãýýð ñàðä ÁÍÑÓ-ä áîëñîí Àçèéí àâàðãààñ õ¿ðýë ìåäàëü õ¿ðò÷èõýýä ýõ îðîí ðóóãàà áóöàõûí óðä øºíº èõ ñîíèí ç¿¿ä ç¿¿äýëñíýý îëèìïèéí àâàðãà ìààíü îäîî ÷ òîäõîí ñàíàæ ÿâäàã àæýý.Ç¿¿ä íîéðîí äóíä íü áóðõíû îðîí ðóó îäñîí Ï.Ãàíáàÿð áàãø íü ãýíýòõýí óòàñäààä “Êàçàêñòàíû Àñõàò Æèòêååâèéã äèéëýõã¿é áîë îëèìïîîñ ÷ þì õàðàëòã¿é äýý” ãýæýý.Õýäèéãýýð áóðõàí áîëñîí ÷ ãýñýí õàéðòàé áàãøûíõ íü òýð ¿ã áàéíãà áîäîãäñîîð îëèìï õ¿ðòýëõ äºðâºí ñàð ¸ñòîé ë ï¿ðøòýé þì øèã áýëòãýë õèéñýí ãýäýã.Çàðèì ¿åä Õ.Áîëäáààòàð áàãø íü “×èíèé áýëòãýë çàðèìäàà õýòðýõ ãýýä áàéíà ø¿¿. Áýëòãýë öºìºðâºë òóí ÷ àþóëòàé” õýìýýí ñýòãýëèéí çîâèíîëîî èëýðõèéëæ áàéæýý. Èíãýæ ë Áóëãàí õàíãàéí õ¿¿ Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð ýð õ¿íèé äîòîð ýìýýëòýé õàçààðòàé ìîðü áàãòäàãèéã íîòîëæ Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïòîé ¸ñòîé ë òîðãîí èð íü õàíàñàí òîíãîðîã øèã ë çîëãîæýý. Àëäðûí îðãèëä Áýýæèíãèéí äýâæýý ãàðãàñàí Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìï øóâòðàõ òèéø õàíäàæ Ìîíãîë÷óóä èõýä äàðóóõàí àìæèëòòàé íàéìàí ñàðûí 14-òýé çîëãîîä áàéëàà.Õàðèí òýð ë ºäºð Ìîíãîë ò¿ìíèé õóâüä áàÿðûí ìàãíàé òýíèéõ ãàéõàìøèãòàé ¿éë ÿâäàë áîëîõ åðººëòýé áàéæýý. Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïèéí -100 êã-ä 32 áºõ áàðèëäñàí.Ñóãàëàà ãààð Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð ¿õëèéí õýñýãò òààðñàí áèëýý.Ýõíèé áàðèëäààíàà îëèìï, äýëõèéí àâàðãà,×èíãèñ õààí öîìûí ýçýí ßïîíû äîìîãò áºõ Ê.Ñ¿ç¿êèòýé õèéæ Ï.Ãàíáàÿð áàãøèéíõàà óéãàã¿é áýëä¿¿ëñýí äàâõàð õàìàõ ìýõýýð ìèíóò 26 ñåêóíäýä öýâýð áóóëãàâ.Òàíõèì òýðõýí õýñýã íàì ã¿ì áîëñîí ò¿¿õòýé. Àâàðãûã ÿëñàí Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿðò áóñàä ºðñºëäºã÷ íü ¿íýíäýý þì áîëîîã¿é.Õî¸ðûí äàâààíä Ãåðìàíû Áåíæàìèí Áåðëàòà,ãóðàâäóãààð òîéðîãò ÁÍÑÓ-ûí áºõ äýëõèéí àâàðãà Æàí Ñ¿í Õî,õºñãèéí àâàðãûí òºëºº Àçàðáåéäæàíû Ìîâëóä Ìèðèàëèåâèéã þóêî ¿íýëãýýãýýð ÿëæ àâàðãûí òºëºº ºíººõ À.Æèòêååâòýé ó÷ðàà òààð÷ýý.Ç¿¿äýíä íü õàéðò áàãø Ï.Ãàíáàÿð íü “Æèòêååâèéã ë ÿëàõã¿é áîë îëèìïîîñ þì ãîðüäîëòã¿é” õýìýýí ñàíóóëæ áàéñíûã áîäîí áîäñîîð äýâæýýíä ãàðàõäàà “×àìàéã äàà ìóó Êàçàêèéã áîëãîæ ºãíºº” ãýæ õýëýýä ãàð÷ýý.Øàçóóð çóóí áàðèëäñààð Êàçàêñòàíû áºõººñ âàçàðè, õî¸ð þóêî ñàëãàæ èëò äàâóó áóóëãàí àâ÷ àëàã ñàéõàí í¿äýíäýý áàÿðûí íóëèìñòàé çîãññîí òýð ºäºð ò¿¿íèé àìüäðàëûã ¿íäñýýð íü ººð÷èëñºí áèëýý. Ìîíãîë äàÿàðàà áàÿð õººðººð áÿëõàí áàéõàä Ìîíãîë óëñûí åðºíõèéëºã÷ Í.Ýíõáàÿð çàðëèãàà ãàðãàæ Ìîíãîë óëñûí õºäºëìºðèéí áààòðûí àëòàí òàâàí õîøóó, Ñ¿õáààòàðûí îäîíãîîð øàãíàõ ë¿íäýí áóóëãàæ áàéëàà.Ò¿¿íýýñ õîéø îëèìïèéí àâàðãûí ìààíü õóâüä ç¿¿ä çýðýãëýý øèã õî¸ð æèë ºíãºðñºí áèëýý. ªâäºãíèé ãýìòëýý ýì÷ë¿¿ëæ õàæóóãààð íü õóâèéí àìüäðàëàà ÷ öîãöëîîñîí. 2010 îíä óóãàí õ¿¿ íü ìýíäëýõýä Ìàíëàé õýìýýõ á¿õíèé ìàíëàéä ÿâàõ áýëãý äýìáýðýëòýé ñàéõàí íýð õàéðëàæýý. Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð ýðãýí èðñýí íü Õî¸ð æèë ãàðóéí õóãàöààíä áèåý ýì÷ë¿¿ëæ ÿìàð íýãýí óðàëäààí òýìöýýíä îðîëã¿é ÿâñàí îëèìïèéí àâàðãà ìààíü 2011 îíû ýõíýýñ áýëòãýëýý òîãòìîë õèéæ îðîëöñîí òýìöýýí¿¿äýýñýý ìåäàëü ò¿¿æ ýõýëñýí.Õàìãèéí ýõëýýä 2011 îíû õî¸ðäóãààð ñàðûí ýõýýð Ïàðèñò áîëñîí “Èõ äóóëãà” òýìöýýíýýñ ìºíãºí ìåäàëü àâ÷ òóí óäàëã¿é Óíãàðûí Áóäàïåøòýä áîëñîí Äýëõèéí öîìûí àâàðãûí òºëºº ººðèéíõ íü õ¿÷òýé ºðñºëäºã÷ áîëîí ãàð÷ èðæ áóé íóòàã íýãò Á.Òýì¿¿ëýí ä¿¿òýéãýý áàðèëäàí ÿëñíààð 2011 îíû àíõíû àëòàí ìåäàëèà ãàðäæýý. Òýð ë ¿åä Åâðîïûí õýâëýë¿¿äýä “ªíººõ òºìºð øèã õàòóó ãàðòàé Ìîíãîë ýðãýí èðæýý” õýìýýí áè÷èãäýæ áàéñàí ãýäýã. Õàðèí ò¿¿íèé õóâüä ýíý á¿õýí çºâõºí ýõëýë áàéñàí þì. 2011 îíû 3-ð ñàðûí 12-íä ÁÍÑÓûí ×åæ¿ àðàëä áîëñîí Äýëõèéí öîìûí òýìöýýíèé õî¸ð äàõü ºäºð ººðèéí ãîë ºðñºëäºã÷ ÁÍÑÓ-ûí áºõ äýëõèéí àâàðãà Êâàí Õè Òý-ã âàçàðèãààð áóóëãàí àâ÷ 2008 îíû îëèìïèéí àâàðãà àëáàí ¸ñîîð äýâæýýíäýý ýðãýí èðñíýý çàðëàñàí þì. 2011 îíû 10-ð ñàðûí 16-18 –íû õîîðîíä Àðàáûí íýãäñýí Ýìèðàòûí Àáó Äàáè õîòíîî îëîí óëñûí æóäî áºõèéí õîëáîîíû ýýëæèò Ãðàí –ïðè òýìöýýí çîõèîãäîõîä îëèìïèéí àâàðãà ìààíü æèíäýý õ¿ðýë ìåäàëü õ¿ðòýæ 2012 îíû îëèìïèéí ýðõèéí îíîîãîî àõèóëñàí áèëýý.Èéíõ¿¿ 2008 îíû Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïèéí àâàðãà Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð õî¸ð æèë çàâñàðëàñíû ýöýñò èõ ñïîðòäîî ýðãýí èðñýí þì. Òýð çºâõºí æóäî÷ áèø ýý Îëèìïèéí àâàðãà ìààíü Áóëãàí õàíãàéí õ¿¿ ãýñýíäýý ¿íäýñíèé áºõººð ÷ àâàðãà , àðñëàíãóóäûã õàçàéëãàæ ìýäýõ ýâã¿é áºõèéí íýãýí. 2011 îíû óëñûí èõ áàÿð íààäàìä èðòýé ñàéõàí áàðèëäñààð äºðâèéí äàâààíä Õºâñãºë àéìãèéí Òîñîíöýíãýë ñóìûí õàðüÿàò óëñûí õàðöàãà Ö.Ñîäíîìäîðæèä ºâäºã øîðîîäñîí áèëýý. Ö.Ñîäíîìäîðæ òóëäàà ë ò¿¿íèéã õàçàéëãàñàí áîëîâ óó. ªíãºðñºí íàìàð Ìîíãîë áºõ Ãèíåññèéí íîìîíä ìºíõðºõ 6016 áºõèéí áàðèëäààíä çîäîãëîæ 9 äàâàí ÿìàðõóó ÷àíñààòàé áºõ ãýäãýý äàõèí íîòîëñîí ò¿¿õòýé.Ýíý ò¿¿õýí áàðèëäààíû òàâûí äàâààíä ñóìûí çààí Ò.Ò¿ìýíáàÿð, çóðãààãèéí äà âààíä àéìãèéí õàðöàãà Ö.ÁÿìáàÎ÷èð, äîëîîä óëñûí íà÷èí Ø.Òîã òîõáàÿð, íàéìûí äàâààíä øèíýõýí íà÷èí Á.Áàòìºíõ, åñèéí äàâààíä äàëàé äàÿí äàðõàí àâàðãà Á.ÁàòÝðäýíèéã ºâäºã øîðîîäóóëæ øºâãèéí 12 áºõºä øàëãàð÷ áàéâ. Îäîî ò¿¿íä ºâäºõ ºâ÷èí, ñýòãýëèéí øàíàëàí áàéõã¿é. Òýð àðãàã¿é ë äýëõèéí øèëäýã æóäî÷ ãýäãýý 2012 îí äºíãºæ ãàðàíãóóò ºðñºëäºã÷ íàðòàà ìýäð¿¿ëæ ýõýëëýý. Ïàðèñûí äýâæýý ò¿¿íä ýýëòýé áàéäãèéã íîòîëæ õî¸ðäóãààð ñàðûí 4-5 íä áîëñîí “Èõ äóóëãà”-ûí öóâðàë òýìöýýíä òàâàí ºðñºëäºã÷ºº èë¿¿ðõýí áóóëãàæ àâñíààð àëòàí ìåäàëèàð ýíãýðýý ìÿëààæ “Ëîíäîí-2012”-ò õ¿ðýõ çàìàà øóóäðóóëëàà. Ýíý òýìöýýíèé ºìíº æèíãèéíõýý ÷àíñààíû 12-ò ýðýìáýëýãäýæ áàéñàí îëèìïèéí àâàðãà ìààíü øèëäýã àðàâ äîòîð îðîîä èðëýý. Îëèìïèéí áààòàð Îëèìïèéí õîñ àëòàí ìåäàëüòàé æóäî÷ ãàðûí õóðóóíä áàãòàì öººõºí áàéäàã. Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð òýäíèé òîîíä áàãòàõ ãýæ àñàð èõ ýðñäýë ãàðãàñàí þì. Õºëèéíõ íü øºðìºñ ñóíàæ ÷àãòàí õîëáîîñ íü òàñàðñàí áàéñàí ÷ àâàðãûí àëòàí ìåäàëèéí òºëºº Ëîíäîíãèéí òàòàìè äýýð ãàðñàí þì. Òýðáýýð “Îëèìïèéí àëòàí ìåäàëèéí òºëºº áàðèëäàíà ãýäýã õîâîð áîëîìæ. Õîæèì õàðàìñàõã¿éí òóëä áàðèëäàõ øèéäâýðèéã ººðºº ãàðãàñàí“ ãýæ áàéñàí. ̺íãºí ìåäàëèéí òºëººõ áàðèëäààíä ÁÍÑÓ-ûí òàìèð÷èí Õâàí Õè-Òýòýé áàðèëäàæ ýõýëñíýýñ õîéø åð人 40 ñåêóíäûí äàðàà õºëºº áýðòýýñýí ÷ ¿íýëãýý àâ÷ õîæèæ, îëèìïèéí õîøîé ìåäàëüòàé áîëñîí þì. Ò¿¿íèéã ìÿíãà ìÿíãàí ø¿òýí áèøðýã÷èä íü áààòðûí ¸ñîîð õ¿ëýýí àâñàí. Òýð áîë îëèìïèéí áààòàð Òýð çºâõºí óðàãøàà õàðæ ìºíõ õºõ òýíãýðòýý ñ¿ñëýí çàëáèð÷ ÿâäàã õèéìîðüëîã Ìîíãîë ýð õ¿í.Ò¿¿íä á¿õ þì áèé. Õàíõàð ñàéõàí ààâ, íü õàòàí òóíàìàë ýýæ íü, õàéðòàé ñàéõàí õàíü íü, õîðâîîä ¿ðãýëæëýõ õ¿¿ íü ãýýä Í.Ò¿âøèíáàÿð àâàðãàä áàéõã¿é þì àëãà.Õàìãèéí ãîë íü “Áè Ìîíãîë ýð õ¿í. Áè á¿õíýýñ õ¿÷òýé, áè á¿ãäèéí àâàðãà.Áè äàõèàä ÷àäíà” ãýñýí àãóó èõ ñýòãýë çîðèã íü áèé.Áîãä õàí óóëûíõàà öàñò ºíäºð îðãèëûã õàðæ “Ìèíèé ºìíº äàâàõ ë ¸ñòîé ºíäºð îðãèë ººð îëîí áàéíà” ãýñýí ÷èí çîðèã, ãýãýýí ñàéõàí õ¿ñýë çîðèëãîîð íü ýíýõýí õºðºãºº ºíäºðëüå.Òýð ÷àäíà ø¿¿.Èéì ë ýð÷¿¿ä îðîéä íü ãàðñàí íî¸í îðãèëîî ýðãýæ õýçýý ÷ õàðäàãã¿é áèëýý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 85 òàâàí öàãèðàã SKY TEAM Õàãàñ çóóíû ø¿òýýí, ¿íäýñíèé áààòðûí àìæèëòûã äèéëýõ ¿¿ èíãàïóð óëñûí òàìèð÷èí Òàn Howe Liang õ¿íäèéã ºðãºëòèéí òºð뺺ð ìºíãºí ìåäàëü õ¿ðòæýý. 1960 îíû Ðîìûí îëèìïîä “àìàí õ¿ç¿¿äñýí” òýðáýýð Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìï õ¿ðòýë öîðûí ãàíö îëèìïèéí ìåäàëüòàí ãýãäýæ, ¿íäýñíèé áààòðûí õýìæýýíä õ¿íäëýãäýæ èðñýí þì. Ò¿¿íýýñ õîéø 48 æèëèéí äàðàà Feng Tianwei, Li Jiawei, Wang Yuegu íàðûí ýìýãòýé÷¿¿äèéí áàã øèðýýíèé òåííèñýýð àìæèëò ¿ç¿¿ëýí ò¿¿íèé ìåäàëèéã èõýðë¿¿ëæýý. Òýäíèé òîãëîëòûã ¿çýæ, àìæèëòààð íü áàõàðõñàí îëîí àðâàí ìÿíãàí îõèä, õºâã¿¿ä øèðýýíèé òåííèñýýð õè÷ýýëëýæ áóé. 14 óäààãèéí çóíû îëèìïîä îðîëöîîä õî¸ð ìºíãºí ìåäàëü õ¿ðòñýí Ñèíãàïóð÷óóä Ëîíäîíãèéí îëèìïîîð äýýðõ ìåäàëèéí ºíãèéã õóâèðãàñàí òàìèð÷èíä õàãàñ ñàÿ àì.äîëëàð ºãºõºº àìëààä áàéñàí íü ëàâòàé. Àôèí, Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïîä àâàðãàëñàí òàìèð÷äûã øàãíàñàíòàé æèøâýë äýýðõ øàãíàë áîäèòîé áàéõ. È.Àëèåâ àëòûã 500 ìÿíãààð ¿íýëíý ÇÕÓ-ûí á¿ðýëäõ¿¿íä íýã áàãò ç¿òãýæ, íýã äàëáààí äîð çîãñäîã áàéñàí òàìèð÷èä ºä㺺 õîîðîíäîî ºðñºëäºõ áîëñîí. Ò¿¿íèé õàæóóãààð ýðõ áàðèã÷èä íü øàãíàëûí õýìæýýãýýð òýìöýë ÿâóóëäàã íü óëàìæëàë áîë÷èõîîä áàéãàà. Àçåðáàéæàíû Åðºíõèéëºã÷ Èëüõàì Àëèåâ àëòàí ìåäàëü àâñàí òàìèð÷èí òóñ á¿ðò 520 ìÿíãàí “íîãîîí”-ûã õóâèàñàà ºã÷, ¯íäýñíèé Îëèìïèéí õîðîîíîîñ íü 260 ìÿíãàí àì.äîëëàðààð øàãíàíà ãýñýí àìëàëò îäîîõîíäîî òîëãîé öîõèæ áàéíà. Åñºí ñàÿ èë¿¿ õ¿í àìòàé òóñ óëñ çóíû îëèìïîä åð人 äºðºâ óäàà îðñîí ãýõýä áàãàã¿é àìæèëò ¿ç¿¿ëñýí. ĺðâºí àëò, ãóðâàí ìºíãº, åñºí õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé òóñ óëñ ýíý òîîãîî Ëîíäîíä àõèóëàõàä åðºíõèéëºã÷èéíõ íü àìëàëò íýìýð áîëîõ áîëîâ óó õýðõýõ áîë. Òýãâýë ÿðæèéí Ìåäàëèéí Ìàëàéçûí áàäìèíòîíû øèãøýý áàãèéíõàí Áàðñåëîí, Àòëàíòà, Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïîîñ õî¸ð ìºíãº, õî¸ð õ¿ðýë ìåäàëèéí “óðãàö õóðààñàí”. Òóñ óëñûí Çàñãèéí ãàçðààñ äýýðõ àìæèëòûã àõèóëñàí òàìèð÷èíä 300 ìÿíãàí “íîãîîí” ºãºõººð àìëàâ. 14 äýõ óäàà îëèìïîä îðîëöîæ áóé ÷ àìæèëòààð òààðóóõàí áàéãàà Ìàëàéçûí áàãèéã àëòàí ìåäàëü àâàõûã õýí áàéã ãýõýâ. Áºìáºã Ẻðºíõèé ãýäýã. Áàäìèíòîíû áºìáºã ¿ëýýõýä ë õèéñ÷èõ õºíãºõºí þì ÷èíü õàà ÷ îðæ áîëíî äîî. åðºíõèéëºã÷ Ìèõàèë Ñààêàøâèëè ÷ Àëèåâýýñ äóòàõã¿é ãýäãýý íîòîëæ “í¿íæèã” çààõ íü. Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïîä àâàðãàëñàí ãóðâàí òàìèð÷èí òóñ á¿ðèéã 600 ìÿíãà îð÷èì “íîãîîí”-îîð ìÿëààæ áàéñàí áîë ýíý óäàà ò¿¿íèéãýý àõèóëàõ íü. Êàçàõñòàí /9 àëò, 16 ìºíãº, 14 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé/ 250 ìÿíãàí äîëëàð ãýæ “äóóãàðñàí” áîë Áåëàðóñü /9.473.000 õ¿í àìòàé. 10 àëò, 19 ìºíãº, 35 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé/, Êèðãèçñòàí /5. 550.239 õ¿í àìòàé. 1 ìºí㺠2 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé/ Óêðàèí 85 ìÿíãûã àìëàæýý. ºðèéí îðîíä çîõèîí áàéãóóëñàí íààäìààð “öîîð÷” áàãèéí ä¿íãýýð òàñàðõàé ò¿ð¿¿ëñýí ºìíºä õºðø / Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïîä 639 òàìèð÷èí îðîëöîæ, 51 àëò, 21 ìºíãº, 28 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëü õ¿ðòñýí/ ò¿ð¿¿ëñýí òàìèð÷èíä 500 ìÿíãàí þàíü àìàëñàí ãýõ àëáàí áóñ ìýäýý áèé. ªìíºõ íààäìûí àìæèëòàà äàâòàæ Ëîíäîíä áàãèéí ä¿íãýýð àâàðãàëàõààð ñàíààðõàæ áóé òýä áàã òàìèð÷èäàà áýëòãýëýýð øàõàõûí õàæóóãààð àëäàð íýð, õºðºí㺠õîãøèë àìëàæ áàéãàà ĺðâºí áàã 519 àëòòàé 86 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 îéä õºðøèéí îëèìïèéí íààäàìä îðîëöñîí áàéäàë íü ñîíèðõîë òàòäàã. Îðîñûí õààíò óëñûí áàã ãóðàâ, ÇÑÁÍÕÓ-ûí áàã åñ, Òóñãààð óëñóóäûí õàìòûí íèéãýìëýã áóþó Õîëáîîíû óëñóóäûí áàã íýã, ÎÕÓ-ûí áàã äºðâºí óäàà îëèìïîä îðñîí þì. Ýíý á¿õ õóãàöààíä òýä 17 óäàà îëèìïîä îðîëöîæ, 519 àëòàí ìåäàëü àâ÷ýý. Ǻâëºëòèéí èõ ã¿ðýí çàäàðñíààð äýýðõ ìåäàëèéí òîîã îðîñóóä ººðñäºä õàìààòóóëàõ áîëîìæã¿é áîëñîí. Õýðýâçýý õàìààòóóëàõ ãýâýýñ àëõ, õàäóóðò äàëáààíû äîð æàãñàæ áàéñàí òàìèð÷èí á¿õýí ººð ººðñäèéíõºº àìæèëòûã ºì÷ëºõ õýðýã ãàðãàõ áèç. ÎÕÓ-ûí òàìèð÷èä 108 àëò 97 ìºíãº, 112 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé. Çàñãèéí ãàçðààñ íü ãàðñàí øèéäâýðýýð àëòàí ìåäàëèéã äºðºâ, ìºíãèéã 2.5, õ¿ðýë ìåäàëèéã 1.7 ñàÿ ðóáëèýð ¿íýëýõýýð áîëñîí áàéíà. ÎÕÓ-ûí Ñïîðòûí ÿàìíààñ Çàñãèéí ãàçàðòàà îðóóëààä áóé òîãòîîëûí òºñ뺺ð äàñãàëæóóëàã÷ òàìèð÷íûõàà õ¿ðòñýí øàãíàëòàé èæèë õýìæýýíèé ìºí㺠àâàõààð áàéíà. Õàðèí øèãøýý áàãèéí äàñãàëæóóëàã÷èä îëãîõ øàãíàëûí õýìæýýã áàãèéíõ íü íýã òàìèð÷íû àâñàí ìºíãºíèé 200 õóâèàð áîäîõ áºãººä õàðèí äýýä õýìæýý íü íàéìàí ñàÿ ðóáëü áàéëàà . Íýð õ¿íäèéã ìºí㺺ð ¿íýëýõã¿é ýã óäààãèéí òîãëîëòîä 50-100 ìåäàëü àâäàã ÀÍÓ, Ãåðìàí, Àâñòðàëè, Ôðàíö, ßïîí çýðýã îðíóóä àìæèëò ¿ç¿¿ëñýí òàìèð÷èääàà åð人 20-60 ìÿíãàí äîëëàð àìëàæ áàéãàà. Íýãýí öàãò á¿õèé ë ñàëáàðò îðîñóóäòàé ìº÷ººðõºæ áàéñàí ÀÍÓ 25 óäààãèéí îëèìïîä îðîëöîí 929 àëò, 729 ìºíãº, 638 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé áîëæ õýäèéíý õîë òàñàð÷ýý. Òýðòýé òýðã¿é îëîí òàìèð÷èä íü àìæèëòòàé îðîëöäîã áîëîõîîð “ñýòãýë íü õàíààä” òýäýíäýý áàãà øàãíàë ºãäºã ãýâýë õóäëàà. Òàòâàð òºëºã÷äèéí ìºíãèéã õýìíýýä áàéãàà õýðýã áîë á¿ð ÷ áèø. Øîó áèçíåñ ºíäºð õºãæñºí äýýðõ îðíóóäàä îëèìïèéí àâàðãà áîë÷èõâîë õºðºíãº, ìºí㺠õàð àÿíäàà ë õàëààñàíä íü öóòãàõ þì áàéíà. Êèíî, ðåêëàì, ñóðòàë÷èëãàà, Ò¯ íýâòð¿¿ëýã ãýýä / òýð ÷ á¿¿ õýë äóóíû öîìîã ãàðãàñàí òàìèð÷èí áèé/ ìºí㺠îëîõ ¿¿ä õààëãà õàíãàëòòàé îëîí. Òýãýõýýð òýðòýé òýðã¿é òýìýý àâàõ õ¿íä ÿìàà ºãºõ õýðýã þó áàéõ âý. Ãýòýë àìæèëò ãàðãàñàí òàìèð÷äàà ìºí㺺ð ¿íýëäýãã¿é óëñóóä ÷ îëîí áàéíà. Ñêàíäèíîâûí îðíóóä áîëîí Åâðîïûí çàðèì óëñ àâàðãóóäûíõàà ãàðûã öàéëãàõààñ òàòãàëçäàã. Ò¿¿íèéãýý õàðèí íýð õ¿íäèéã ìºí㺺ð ¿íýëýõã¿é ãýæ òàéëáàðëàæ, “Òýä òýìöýýíä àìæèëò ¿ç¿¿ëýõ ãýæ îðîëöîæ áàéãàà áîëîõîîñ ìºí㺠îëîõ ãýæ áóé õýðýã áèø” ãýæ çºâòãºõ þì áèëýý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 87 òàâàí öàãèðàã SKY TEAM Ìîíãîë÷óóäûí àíõ îðîëöñîí íààäàì 1964 îíû Òîêèîãèéí îëèìï. Áóóäëàãà, ãèìíàñòèê, óíàäàã äóãóé, õºíãºí àòëåòèê, ÷ºëººò áºõ ãýñýí òàâàí òºðºëä 17 ýðýãòýé, 4 ýìýãòýé òàìèð÷èí îðîëöæýý. ׺뺺ò áºõèéí òºðºëä Æ.̺íõáàò ãóðâàí òîéðîãò ÿëæ, óðò áóóíû òºðºëä Äýëõýýãèéí Ëõàìæàâ 24 ä¿ãýýð áàéð ýçýëñýí íü îðãèë àìæèëò. Òýä “Ò¿ð¿¿ëýõäýý áóñ îðîëöîõäîî” ãýñýí óðèàòàé ÿâñàí íü îëèìïèçìèéí ¿çýë ñàíààã äýìæèæ áóéãàà íîòëîõ ãýñýí àãóóëãàòàé áàéâ. Åð人 äºðâºí æèëèéí äàðàà Ìåõèêîãèéí äýâæýýíä ìàíàéõàí áàëëàæ ºãºâ. Ìîíãîëûí ÷ºëººò áºõèéí áàãèéí íàéìàí áºõººñ 4 íü ìåäàëü õ¿ðòýæ, ¿ëäñýí äºðºâ ìåäàëü àâñàí áóñàä òàìèð÷äàä øèð¿¿í ºðñºëäºã÷èä áîëæ ÷àäñàí. Ýíý öàã ìº÷ººñ õîéø 2000 îíû Ñèäíåéí îëèìï õ¿ðòýë Ìîíãîëûí òàìèð÷èä ìåäàëèéí áóóõèàã òàñëààã¿é. 2004 îíä Õàøáààòàðûí Öàãààíáààòàð æóäî áºõèéí òºðºëä õ¿ðýë ìåäàëü 88 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 àâàâ. Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìï õ¿ðòýë Ìîíãîëûí áàã àëòàí ìåäàëü àâààã¿é óëñóóäûã ìåäàëèéí òîîãîîð òýðã¿¿ëæ áàéëàà. 2008 îíû îëèìïîîð Ìîíãîëûí áàã òàìèð÷èä äîëîîí òºðºëä 29 òàìèð÷èí èëãýýñíýýñ Íàéäàíãèéí Ò¿âøèíáàÿð, Ýíõáàòûí Áàäàð-Óóãàí íàð àëò, Îòðÿäûí ÿíäýãìàà Ï¿ðýâäîðæèéí Ñýðäàìáà íàð ìºíãº, Ïàðàëèìïèéí òºðºëä Ä.Áààòàðæàâ àëòàí ìåäàëü õ¿ðòëýý. Ýíýõ¿¿ àìæèëò íü òàìèð÷äûí òîîã ìåäàëèéí òîîòîé õàðüöóóëñàí ¿ç¿¿ëýëòýýð òóõàéí íààäàìä òýðã¿¿ëñýí îðíóóäûí òîîíä îðæýý. Áýýæèíãèéí îëèìïèéí áààòðóóääàà Ìîíãîëûí òºð 30-40 ñàÿ òºãðºãººð ìÿëààæ, Ìîíãîë Óëñûí Õºäºëìºðèéí áààòàð öîëîîð øàãíàâ. Îëîí ìÿíãàí ìîíãîë÷óóä ãóäàìæèíä òºâ òàëáàéäàà ãàð÷, òºðèéí äàëáààãààð ãî¸æ áàÿðëàâ. Áèä îëèìïèéí 2 àëò, äîëîîí ìºíãº, 10 õ¿ðýë ìåäàëüòàé. Ëîíäîíãèéí îëèìïîä Ìîíãîëûí òàìèð÷èä àìæèëòûí õóð áóóëãàíà. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 89 Í.Ñîäîíòóÿà (Áîëæìîð) Äèäüå Äðîãáà áîë ººðèéíõºº àìüäðaëûã á¿õèé ë ç¿ðõ ñýòãýëýýðýý õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí ¿éëñèéí òºëºº çîðèóëæ áàéãàà ×åëñè áîëîí Êîò’ä Èâóàðûí ñ¿ïåð äîâòëîã÷ áèëýý. Òýðáýýð äºðâºí æèëèéí ºìíººñ Àôðèêèéí õ¿í àìûí áîëîâñðîë, ýð¿¿ë ìýíäèéã äýìæèõ çîðèëãîòîé õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí àæëûí ýõëýëýý òàâüñàí þì. Òýð ¿ëýìæ õýìæýýíèé ìºíãèéã íýí øààðäëàãàòàé áàéãàà ãàçðóóäàä, òýð äóíäàà òºðñºí íóòàãòàà áàéãóóëñàí àñðàìæûí ãàçàðòàà çàðöóóëæ áàéãàà. Õàðèí îäîî Äèäüå òîìîîõîí õýìæýýíèé ýìíýëãèéã ººðèéí ºñºæ òºðñºí Àáèäæàí õîòäîî áàðèóëæ áàéãàà áèëýý. -Õºëáºìáºã áîë ìèíèé á¿õèé ë àìüäðàë. Ãýõäýý áè ìýðãýæëèéí õºëáºìáºã÷ ãýõýýñýý èë¿¿ õóâü õ¿í. Áè îäîî õºëáºìáºã òîãëîæ áàéíà. Ãýõäýý ººð ìýðãýæèëòýé áàéñàí ÷ õ¿ì¿¿ñò òóñëàõ çîðèëãîî õýçýý ÷ óìàðòàõã¿é áàéõ áàéñàí. Áè õºëáºìáºã òîãëîõîî áîëüñîí ÷ ýíý àæëàà ¿ðãýëæë¿¿ëñýýð ë áàéõ áîëíî. Íàäàä õ¿ì¿¿ñò òóñëàõ íü ìàø ÷óõàë ç¿éë. Õºëáºìáºãò ÷è ººðèé㺺 õýäýí àðâàí æèë çîðèóëæ áîëîõ ÷ íýã ë ºäºð ï¿¿çýý õàíàíä ºëãºõ öàã èðíý. Äðîãáàã áóñàä òîãëîã÷èäòîé àäèëã¿é ãýäãèéã ò¿¿íèé óíààã õàðààä 90 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 ë îéëãîõ áîëíî. Ò¿¿í øèã àëäàðòàé òàìèð÷èä èõýíõäýý Áýíòëè çýðýã òàíñàã ìàøèí õºëºãëºõ íü áèé. Õàðèí Äðîãáà áàéäàã ë íýã æèæèãõýí “Ìèíè” óíàäàã. Ó÷èð íü òý𠺺ðòºº ãýõýýñýý èë¿¿ õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí àæèëäàà àíõààðäàã íýãýí. -Õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí àæèë ãýäýã áîë èíãýëýý òýãëýý, ãýýä îëîí íèéòýä ãàéõóóëààä áàéõ ç¿éë áèø. Áè ýíý á¿õíèéã îëîí íèéòýë ñàéí õ¿í áîëæ õàðàãäàõ ãýæ õèéäýãã¿é. Õàðèí óðüä íü èéì õ¿íä áýðõ çîâëîíã òóóëæ ¿çñýí áîëîõîî𠺺ðòºº òîõèîëäñîí øèã õýö¿¿ áýðõ ¿å ººð áóñäàä áèòãèé òîõèîëäîîñîîé ãýñýíäýý ë õèéäýã þì. Îäîî áè áóÿíû ¿éëñýý îëîí íèéòýä èë¿¿ íýýëòòýé áàéäëààð õèéæ áàéíà. Ó÷èð íü èë¿¿ îëîí õ¿í ìèíèé ýíý ¿éë àæèëëàãààã íýãäýýñýé ãýæ õ¿ñ÷ áàéíà. Äðîãáà ºíãºðñºí óëèðàëä õóìõàà õýìýýõ Àôðèêèéí îëîí ìÿíãàí èðãýäèéã çîâîîæ áàéãàà ºâ÷èí òóññàí þì. -Áè Àíãëèä áàéñíààðàà àçòàé. Ó÷èð íü õ¿í á¿ð ë íàäàä ñàíàà òàâüæ áàéëàà. Àôðèêò áîë ýíý ºâ÷íººð ìàø îëîí õ¿ì¿¿ñ àìü ¿ðýãäýæ áàéãàà. Òýäíèéã íèéãýì íü àíõààðäàãã¿é áîëîõîîð ýíý ºâ÷èí õýòýðõèé èõ ãàçàð àâ÷ áàéíà. Áàñ ýíý ºâ÷íèéã çîãñîîõîä õàíãàëòòàé èõ õºðºí㺠áàéõã¿é íü ë ãîë àñóóäàë áàéãàà þì. Äðîãáà ýð¿¿ë ìýíäèéí ñàëáàðààðàà äýëõèéä òýðã¿¿ëäýã Àíãëèä ýì÷ë¿¿ë ñýíäýý ººðèé㺺 àçòàé ãýæ òîîöäîã áàéõ. Õàðèí èéì àç òºäèéëºí òîõèî ãîîä áàéäàãã¿é õ¿íä ºâ÷òºé Àôðèêèéí õ¿¿õä¿¿äýä òóñëàõûã íýí òýðã¿¿íèé çîðèëòîî áîëãîîä áàéãàà. Ò¿¿íèéã õàìãèéí èõýýð ñýòãýëýýð óíàãàäàã ç¿éë áîë ººðò íü èòãýæ áàéãàà õ¿ì¿¿ñèéí àìèéã àâàð÷ ÷àäàõã¿é áàéõ ÿâäàë ãýíý. Ò¿¿íèé äîòîð èéì ãàøóóí äóðñàìæóóä îëîí. -Áè ººðèéíõºº õàìãèéí ñàéí íàéçûí ä¿¿ Ñòåôàíä òóñëàõûã ìàø èõ õè÷ýýñýí. Ò¿¿íèéã Àíãëèä õ¿ðòýë àâ÷èð÷ õóìõàà ºâ÷íººñ íü ýäãýýõèéã îðîëäñîí. Õàðàìñàëòàé íü ò¿¿íèéã Àíãëèä àâ÷èðàõ âèç, áè÷èã áàðèìòíû àñóóäëûã õººöºëäñººð áàéòàë á¿õ ç¿éë õýòýðõèé îðîéòñîí áàéëàà. Òýð àëüõýäèéíý íàñ áàð÷èõñàí áàéñàí. Òýð ÷èíü åð人 15åõàí íàñòàé áÿöõàí õ¿¿ áàéñàí ø¿¿ äýý. Ò¿¿íèé ààâ á¿õ íàéäâàðàà òàâüæ áàéñíûã áîäîõîîð îäîî ÷ ãýñýí àéìøèãòàé ñàíàãääàã. Òýä ºäºð á¿ð íàä ðóó çàëãàæ çºâøººðëèéí áè÷ãèéã íü àâñàí óó, ìèíèé õ¿¿ ýì÷ëýãäýõ ¿¿ ãýæ àñóóæ áàéëàà. Õàðàìñàëòàé íü áè ÷àäàõààðàà õè÷ýýñýí ÷ äýíä¿¿ îðîéòñîí áàéñàí. Ò¿¿íýýñ õîéø ýíý àéìøèãòàé á¿õíèéã çîãñîîõûí òºëºº ÷àäàõ á¿õíýý õèéíýý ãýæ ººðòºº àìëàñàí þì. ªíãºðñºí æèë áè íóòàã ðóóãàà ÿâæ áàéõäàà öóñ áàãàäàëòûí ºâ÷òýé ßàî ãýõ áÿöõàí çîðèãòîé õ¿¿òýé òàíèëöàæ áàéëàà. Òýð ¿íýõýýð çîðèòîé õ¿¿ áàéñàí. Ýýæ íü àæèëàà õèéæ ãýð á¿ëýý òýæýýõèéí õàæóóãààð õ¿¿ãýý ñàõèõ õýðýãòýé áîë÷èõîîä áàéëàà. Òýãýýä áè ò¿¿íèéã Àíãëèä ýì÷ë¿¿ëæ, ýð¿¿ë ýíõ áîëîõîä íü òóñëàõààð øèéäñýí þì. ªìíºõ õàð äóðñàìæ íàìàéã çîâîîæ áàéñàí áîëîõîîð ò¿¿íèé òºëºº á¿õ áîëîìæòîé á¿õíýý õèéæ Æåíåâèéí ýìíýëýãò õýâò¿¿ëñýí þì. Ýì÷ íàð àìèéã íü àâðàõ áîëîìæã¿é ãýäãèéã õýëæ áàéñàí ÷ ßàî ýöñèéí ìº÷ õ¿ðòëýý ºâ÷èíòýé㺺 òýìöñýýð ë áàéñàí. Èéìýðõ¿¿ áàéäëààð ÿâñààð ñàðûí äàðàà ãýõýä õ¿¿ áàãàà áàãààð ñàéæèð÷ áàéãàà òóõàé ìýäýý íàäàä èðæ áàéëàà. Õàðàìñàëòàé íü ò¿¿íèé ºâ÷èí õýòýðõèé õ¿íä áàéñíààñ áîëæ ýíý æèë ººä áîëñîí äîî. Èéìýðõ¿¿ ç¿éë äàõèí äàâòàãäàõûã áè õ¿ñýõã¿é áàéíà. Òèéì áîëîõîî𠺺ðèéíõºº õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí ñàíãàà áàéãóóëæ òóñëàìæëûí ¿éë àæèëëàãàà ýõë¿¿ëýõýýð øèéäñýí þì. Õóìõàà ºâ÷íººñ áîëæ Äðîãáà ºíãºðñºí óëèðëûí òóðø øàíàëñàí. Õàðèí îäîî ò¿¿íèé áèå òýð õýð áàéãàà áîë? -Ãàéã¿é ýý. Ãýõäýý ýíý ºâ÷èí òèéì ÷ àìàð ýì÷ëýãäýõã¿é. Áàéíãà ãýðòýý õýâòýæ, ãàì ñàõèõ õýðýãòýé áîëíî. Äýýðýýñ íü 40 ãðàäóñ õ¿ðòýë õàëóóð÷, õºëºð÷, áèåíü ñóëüäàõ áîëíî. Èéì ¿åä òîãëîëò áàéòóãàé áýëòãýë õ¿ðòýë õèéõ àðãàã¿é. Òèéì áîëîõîîð ò¿ð¿¿ æèë îëîí òîãëîëò ºíæñºí þì. Õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí àæëààð íýð õ¿íä îëîõûã õ¿ñäýã òàìèð÷èä îëîí áàéäàã. Õàðèí Äðîãáàãèéí çîðèëãî îãò ººð ç¿éëä ÷èãëýæ áàéãàà. -Ìýäýýæ õýðýã èéìýðõ¿¿ áàéäëàà𠺺ðèé㺺 äºâèéëãºõ ãýæ îðîëääîã õ¿ì¿¿ñ îëîí áàéãàà. Ãýõäýý òýäíýýñ èë¿¿ ÷èí ñýòãýëýýñýý õ¿ì¿¿ñò òóñëàõûã õè÷ýýæ áàéãàà õ¿ì¿¿ñ èë¿¿ îëîí áàéíà. Áè õºëáºìáºãò èéìýðõ¿¿ ¿çýãäýë áàéäãûã ìýäíý. Ãýõäýý æèíõýíý ñàéí ñàíààòàí õ¿ì¿¿ñòýé îëîí óäàà òààð÷ áàéëàà. Õóó÷èí Àðñåíàë áîëîí Ìàí÷åñòýðèéí òîãëîã÷ áàéñàí Ñèëâåñòðå Àôðèêò îëîí ñóðãóóëü, öýöýðëýã ¿¿ñãýí áàéãóóëñàí. Áàñ Ýññüåí áàéíà. Òýð Ãàíû òºëºº èõèéã õèéæ áàéãàà. Ýíý á¿ãäèéã õàðàõàä íàäàä ¿íýõýýð ñàéõàí áàéäàã. Ìèíèé àõ áàñ òîãëîã÷ áàéñàí. Ò¿¿íèé ¿åä òàìèð÷èä ç¿ãýýð ë ãýð – òîãëîëò ãýñýí çàð÷ìààð ÿâäàã áàéñàí áîë ºíºº ¿åèéí òàìèð÷äàä õºëáºìáºãººñ ãàäóóð èõ îëîí ç¿éë õèéõ áîëæýý. Õî¸ð æèëèéí ºìíº Äðîãáàãèéí ñàí ñàðä 500 ìÿíãàí ôóíòûã õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí àæèëä çàðöóóëæ áàéñàí. Õàðèí ýíý óäàà Äðîãáà ¿¿íýýñ èë¿¿ èõ õºðºíãèéã õ¿ì¿¿íëýãèéí ñàíäàà õóðèìòëóóëàõûã õ¿ñ÷ áàéíà. Ò¿¿íèé ñàíã Ïåïñè èâýýí òýòãýæ áàéãàà áºãººä The Saturdays õàìòëàã, äóó÷èí Congolese áîëîí Bono íàðûí àìüä òîãëîëòîîñ ãàðàõ àøèã Äðîãáàãèéí ñàíä øèëæèæ Àôðèêèéí ñàéí ñàíààíû ¿éëä çàðöóóëàãäàõ þì áàéíà. -Áè þó ãýæ õýëýõýý ìýäýõã¿é áàéíà. Áîíîòîé óóëçàæ ò¿¿íèé õ¿ì¿¿ñò òóñëàõûã õè÷ýýæ áàéãààã õàðàõ ñàéõàí áàéõ áîëíî. Òýð çºâõºí Àôðèê÷óóäàä ÷ òóñëààã¿é. Õ¿ì¿¿ñèéã ººðèéí ñàíäàà òóñëàõûã ãóéõ, òàëáàé äýýð òîãëîõîîñ òýñ ººð ç¿éë ø¿¿ äýý. ×è îëîí õ¿ì¿¿ñòýé õîëáîãäîæ õèéæ áàéãàà ç¿éëèéíõýý çîðèëãîî óõààðóóëàõ õýðýãòýé áîëíî. Ãýõäýý áè õèéæ áàéãàà ç¿éëäýý ñýòãýë õàíãàëóóí áàéäàã. Àðñåíå Âåíãåð Äðîãáàã íýãýí óäàà äóòóó ¿íýëæ áàéñàí. Ôðàíöàä ãÿëàëçàæ áàéñàí ò¿¿íèéã Àðñåíàëûí àãåíòóóä õàðààä õàíãàëòòàé ñàéí áèø õýìýýí áàãòàà àâàõààñ òàòãàëçàæ áàéñàí ãýäýã. Âåíãåðèéã õàðàìñóóëàõààð ñòàòèñòèê ÷ Äðîãáàä áèé. Òýðýýð ×åëñèä 24 ñàÿ ôóíòýýð èðñíýýñýý õîéø 6 æèëèéí õóãàöààíä Àðñåíàëûí ýñðýã 12 òîãëîëòîíä îðîõäîî 12 ãîîë õèéæ áàéñàí/2010 îíû áàéäëààð/. ̺í ×åëñè ýíý òîãëîëòóóäûí 9-ä íü õîæèæ ¿ëäñýíä íü òýíöýæ áàéæýý. Íýãýí óäàà Âåíãåð “Áèä ýíý òîãëîëòîíä Äðîãáàã çîãñîîõ õýðýãòýé. Ò¿¿íèé õóâèéí óð ÷àäâàð áàéäëûã ÿàæ ÷ ýðã¿¿ëæ ìàãàäã¿é. Òýð ìºðãºæ, ÷ºëººòººñ õèéæ, ãóÿäàæ ÿàæ ÷ ìàãàäã¿é. Èéì ë ó÷ðààñ òýð îëîí ººð áàãóóäûí ýñðýã ãîîëäîîä áàéäàã þì” ãýæ àðãàà áàðñàí ÿíçòàé ÿðüñàí áàéäàã. -Áè Âåíãåðèéã íàìàéã àâààã¿éäýý õàðàìñäàãã¿é áàéõ. Ó÷èð íü òýð ¿åä ò¿¿íä Àíðè áàéñàí ø¿¿ äýý. Ýíý ç¿ãýýð ë ìèíèé õóâü òàâèëàí áàéñàí. ªíºº øºíº òýðýýð Ïàðèñ ëóó íèñýæ áàãàäàà òîãëîæ áàéñàí Levallois Sporting Club-èéí 15 õ¿ðòýë íàñíû õ¿¿õä¿¿äòýé óóëçàõ þì. Ýíý áàãèéí óäèðäëàãà öýíãýëäýõýýý àêàäåìèàñàà òºðºí ãàðñàí ãàéõàëòàé òàìèð÷íû íýðýýð áóþó “Äèäüå Äðîãáà” ãýæ íýðýëñýí þì. Äðîãáàã Ìàðñåëèàñ ×åëñè ð¿¿ ÿâàõàä ãýðýý ¸ñîîð Levallois êëóá 700 ìÿíãàí ôóíòûí õóâü õ¿ðòýæ áàéñàí. ¯¿ãýýðýý òýä öýíãýëäýý á¿ðýí òîõèæóóëàõ áîëîìæòîé áîëñîí þì. Äðîãáàãèéí àíõíû áàã íü Levallois áàéñàí áºãººä òýð ýíý áàãòàà 15 íàñíààñàà ë òîãëîæ ýõëýñýí. Õàðèí äàðàà íü òýð 19 íàñòàéäàà ìýðãýæëèéí õºëáºìáºãèéí Le Mans êëóáä òîãëîæ 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 91 ñóóò õ¯Ì¯¯Ñ SKY TEAM ýõëýñýí þì. Òýðýýð Levallois-ä èõ ç¿éëèéã ñóðñàí ãýäýã. Òóõàéí ¿åä ò¿¿íèé äàñãàëæóóëàã÷ áàéñàí Srebrenko Repcic ýíý òàëààð áèäýíòýé õóó÷èëñàí þì. -Äðîãáà èõ øèéäýìãèé, òýìöýã÷ õ¿¿õýä áàéëàà . Áèåèéí õ¿÷íèé òîãëîëòûí õóâüä ãàéõàëòàé áàéñàí ÷ òåõíèê òàëäàà õàíãàëòòàé ñàéí áàéñàíã¿é. Õàðèí ýíý ñóë òàëàà õºäºëìºð÷ áàéäëààðàà íºõäºã áàéñàí þì. ¯¿íèéõýý ÷ à÷ààð äýëõèéí øèëäã¿¿äèéí íýã áîëîõ çîðèëãîäîî õ¿ð÷ ÷àäñàí. Ýõíèé óëèðàëä òýð çºâõºí áàã íü õîæñîí òîõèîëäîëä ë öàëèí àâäàã áàéñàí. Îéðîëöîîãîîð 200 åâðî. Ìýäýýæ õýðýã ò¿¿í øèã çàëóó òîãëîã÷ûí õóâüä àñàð ìºí㺠ø¿¿ äýý. Õàðèí õîæèãäñîí ¿åäýý òýð ÿìàð ÷ óðàìøóóëàë àâäàãã¿é áàéëàà. Ìàãàäã¿é ¿¿íýýñ áîëæ òýð õîæèãäîõûã ¿çýí ÿääàã áàéñàí áàéõ. Íýã óäàà áè ò¿¿íòýé õàìò áýëòãýëèéí áààç ðóó ÿâæ áàéõàä òîì à÷ààíû òýðýã æîëîîäëîãîî àëäàí áèäíèéã ìºðãº÷èõñºí . Ýíý ¿åä áè ò¿¿íä “×è ãàíö ë àìüäàðíà. Õàðèí ýíý àìüäðàëäàà ñýòãýë õàíãàëóóí àìüäðààðàé” ãýæ õýëæ áàéñàí þì. Òèéìýý Çààíû ÿñàí ýðýã óëñäàà áîë Äðîãáà áóðõàí øèã ø¿òýãääýã íýãýí. Ìàãàäã¿é òýð èéì õàéð õ¿íäýòãýëèéã íóòàã íýãò àõàí ä¿¿ñýýñýý õ¿ëýýæ ñóðñàí áàéõ. Õàðèí Ïàðèñò ò¿¿íèé íýðýýð öýíãýëäýõ íýðëýæ õ¿íäýòãýæ áàéãàà íü ò¿¿íèéã ãàéõøðóóëñàí áîëîëòîé. -Îäîîíîîñ ýõëýýä Ïàðèñèéí ýíý ä¿¿ðãèéí õ¿¿õä¿¿ä “Õ¿¿õä¿¿äýý, Äèäüå Äðîãáà ñòàäèîíä î÷èæ òîãë ãýæ õýëýõ íü áàéíà ø¿¿ äýý. Ýíý áîë ìèíèé àìüäðàëûí õàìãèéí ãàéõàëòàé ìº÷¿¿äèéí íýã. Ôðàíöûí 92 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 íýã öýíãýëäýõ “Êîò’ä Èâóàð”-ûí òîãëîã÷ûí íýðýýð íýðëýãäýæ áàéãààã õàðàõ íàäàä ¿íýõýýð áàõàðõìààð ñàíàãäàæ áàéíà. Levallois-ä ºíãºð¿¿ëñýí 4 æèëäýý áè ìàø èõ ç¿éëèéã ñóð÷ ìýäñýí. Õýäèéãýýð àëáàí ¸ñíû ìýðãýæëèéí áàã áèø ÷ ãýñýí ººðèéí ¿íý öýíèéã ìýäýð÷, ñóóðü ìýäëýãýý òýëæ, ººðèé㺺 õºãæ¿¿ëæ áîëîõ õàìãèéí ñàéõàí ãàçðóóäûí íýã áàéëàà . Íàìàéã ×åëñè ð¿¿ øèëæèõýä Ìàðñåëèéí àâñàí ìºíãºíººñ áàãà ÷ ãýñýí õóâèéã Levallois àâñàíä áè èõ áàÿðòàé áàéñàí. Ó÷èð íü ýíý ìºí㺠òýäýíä èõ õýðýãòýé áàéñàí þì. Òýäíèéã öýíãýëäýõýý ºðãºæ¿¿ëæ õ¿¿õä¿¿äýä ìóó ç¿éëýýñ àíãèä áàéæ õºëáºìáºãººð õè÷ýýëëýõ áîëîìæ îëãîñîíä ìàø èõ áàÿðòàé áàéíà. Äðîãáà ººðèéíõºº íýðýýð íýðëýãäñýí ñòàäèîíû íýýëòýíä î÷èæ õ¿¿õä¿¿äòýé öàãèéã çóãààòàé ºíãºðººëºº. Áÿöõàí áàãèéí õàìòðàã÷èäòàéãàà õàìò Äðîãáà òîãëîæ óð ÷àäâàðààðàà ¿çýã÷äèéã õºã溺㺺 àìæëàà. Ýíý ºäðèéí ¿éë àæèëëàãààí äýýð Levallois-ä àæèëëàäàã áàéñàí Patrick Balkany ÷ èðñýí þì. -Õàðàìñàëòàé íü áè ò¿¿íèéã 15åòàéäàà ÿã ÿìàðõóó õàðàãäàæ áàéñíûã ñàíàõã¿é áàéíà. Ãýõäýý áè Àáðàãààñ èõ õýìæýýíèé ìºí㺠àâñàíàà ë ñàíàæ áàéíà. Ó÷èð íü áèä ò¿¿íèé àíõíû áàã áîëîõîîð èðýýä¿éí î÷èõ áàãóóäûíõ íü òºëñºí ¿íýýñ õóâü õ¿ðòýõ ãýðýýòýé þì. Òýãýõýýð òý𠺺ð òèéøýý çàðàãäàõ þì áîë áèä ºøºº ë èõ õóâü õ¿ðòýíý ãýñýí ¿ã. Áè á¿¿ð Äðîãáàä “Áèä ÷èíèé äàðààãûí ÷èíü øèëæèëòèéã õ¿ëýýæ áàéãàà ø¿¿” ÷ ãýæ õýëæ áàéñàí/èíýýâ/. Äðîãáà áîë äàðóóõàí, þì á¿õýíä óë ñóóðüòàé õàíääàã íýãýí. Òýð ýíä ä¿ð ¿ç¿¿ëýõ ãýæ èðäýãã¿é. Ò¿¿íèéã ñàéõíààð õ¿ëýýæ àâàõ õ¿ì¿¿ñèéã õàðààä òýð ÷èí ñýòãýëýýñýý áàÿðëàæ áàéäàã. Åð íü òýð á¿õèé ë ç¿éëä ç¿ðõ ñýòãýëýýñýý õàíääàã äàà. Äðîãáà õ¿¿ Isaañ-òàéãàà õàìò ãèòàð òîãëîõûã ñóð÷ áàéãàà ãýíý. -Òèéìýý áè ñóð÷ ýõëýñýí. Ãýõäýý õ¿¿ ìààíü íàäààñ õàâüã¿é äýýð õºãæèìääºã þì áèëýý. Áè ¿¿íèéã çºâõºí õºãæèëòºé áàéõûí òóëä ë ñóð÷ áàéãàà. ×åëñèãèéíõýí øèíý ãèø¿¿íýý óãòàæ àâàõäàà çààâàë äóóëóóëäàã çàíøèëòàé. Äðîãáà õýð ñàéí äóóëñàí áîë? -Áè íóòãèéíõàà äóóã äóóëñàí. Ãýõäýý òýíä àéìøèãòàé ñàíàãäñàí áàéõ. Òýð ¿åä áè ìàø èõ õºëºð÷ àéìàð ñàíäàð÷ áàéëàà. ×è ýíý áàãò øèíýýð íýãäýæ áàéãàà ë áîë ñàíäàë äýýð ñóóãààä õàìòðàã÷äûíõàà ºìíººñ íü õàðæ áàéãààä äóóëàõ õýðýãòýé áîëíî. Õýö¿¿ ë äýý. ¯ã ÷ íààøàà ãàð÷ èðäýãã¿é þì. Ãýõäýý áè õàìãèéí ìóó íü áàéãààã¿é ø¿¿. Ìèíèéõýýð Àëýêñýé Ñìåðòèí íýã õàéðèéí òóõàé Îðîñ äóó äóóëæ áàéñàí. Òýð ìàãàäã¿é õàìãèéí ìóó íü áàéõ õýõý . Áàñ Áåíàþí áàéíà. Òýð èðýíã¿¿òýý You’ll Never Walk Alone-ã äóóëààä ýõëýñýí. Áèä ò¿¿íë¿¿ àë÷óóðíóóäàà øèäýæ ýõëýñýí. Áè ò¿¿íèéã þóãàà áîäîæ Ëèâåðï¿¿ëèéí ñ¿ëä äóóã äóóëñíûã îéëãîäã¿é þì. Äðîãáàãèéí íàñ íü ÿâæ áàéãàà áîëîâ÷ òîãëîõ àðãà áàðèë, ÷àäâàð íü õýâýýðýý ìýò. Òýð òàëáàé äýýð ÿã ë çàëóó÷óóä øèã õàðàãääàã. Ò¿¿íèé ýíý îëîí æèëèéí õóãàöààíä õóðèìòëóóëñàí òóðøëàãà ò¿¿íèé êàðüåðèéã öààøèä ÷ óäèðäàí çàëàõ áèçýý. -Áè ººðèé㺺 õºãøèðñºí ìýò ìýäðýõã¿é áàéíà. Áè õºëáºìáºã òîãëîæ áàéãààäàà áàÿðòàé áàéíà. Áè àëü áîëîõ ñàéæèð÷, ÷àäàõ á¿õíýý òàëáàé äýýð õèéæ, áàãòàà òóñëàõûã õ¿ñ÷ áàéíà. Îäîîãîîð áè 35 õ¿ðòëýý äýýä çýðýãëýëèéí òîãëîëòîî ¿ç¿¿ëýõ áîëîìæòîé ãýæ áîäîæ áàéíà. Áè àëü áîëîõ îëîí æèëèéã òàëáàé äýýð ºíãºðººõèéã õ¿ñ÷ áàéíà. Äðîãáà ìºí ×åëñè ò¿¿íä ÿìàð îíöãîé áîëîõûã äóðüäñàí þì. -Ýíý áîë àñàð òîì ýâ íýãäýëòýé ãýð á¿ë. ×è áàã äîòîð îðæ èðýýä ë ãýðòýý áàéãàà ìýò õàëóóí äóëààí óóð àìüñãàëûã ìýäðýõ áîëíî. Áè õàìòðàã÷èäòàéãàà 6,7 æèëèéã õàìò ºíãºðººëºº. Áè ãýðòýý áàéíà. Áè ýíý áàãò êàðüåðàà ¿äýõèéã ìàø èõ õ¿ñ÷ áàéíà. Ãýõäýý õºëáºìáºãò àì ãàðàõ áîëîìæã¿é þì. ×åëñè áîë ìèíèé àìüäðàëûí íýãýí òîì õýñýã. Òèéì áîëîõîîð áè ýíý áàãò ¿íýõýýð èõ õàéðòàé. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 93 ªâ Ñî¨ë SKY TEAM 94 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 ÞÍÅÑÊÎ “Ìîðèí õóóð õºãæìèéí óëàìæëàëò óðëàã”, “Ìîíãîë àðäûí óðòûí äóó”-ã õ¿í òºðëºõòíèé àìàí áîëîí áèåò áóñ ñî¸ëûí ºâèéí øèëäýã äýýæèä áàãòààñàí áèëýý. Ìîíãîë÷óóäûí á¿òýýñýí óëàìæëàëò óðëàãèéí äàâòàãäàøã¿é á¿òýýëèéí òàëààðõ ò¿¿õýí áàðèìòûã ñºõâºë Òàí óëñûí ò¿¿õýí òîâ÷îîíä ò¿¿íèé õºðø çýðãýëäýý í¿¿äýë÷èí Õ¿íí¿ãèéí óäàì óãñàà Äóíõó÷óóä “Õóí íóóð” íýðòýé ñîíèí õà÷èí õºãæìèéí çýìñãýýð òîãëîäîã òóõàé òýìäýãëýñýí áàéäàã íü Ìݪ III çóóíààñ ºìíº ¿¿ññýíèéã ãýð÷èëíý. Õóóðûí çýìñãèéí òºðºë ç¿éë¿¿ä øàíàãàí õóóð, õóí, ëóó, àðñëàí òîëãîéòîé õóóð çýðýã õóóðûí òóõàé îëîí ìýäýý áèé. Õî¸ð ìîðèí òîëãîéò ÷àâõäàñò õóóð íü áóñàä ÿìàð ÷ ¿íäýñòýí, ÿñòàíä áàéõã¿é. Ò¿¿í÷ëýí äýëõèé äýýðõ ÷àâõäàñò õºãæì¿¿äýýñ á¿òýö, õýëáýðèéí õóâüä ÷, òîãëîõ àðãà òåõíèê, õºã àÿëãóó, õºãæìèéí ºã¿¿ëýìæèéí òóõàéä ÷ òàëààðàà ÿëãàðàõ îíöëîãòîé. Ìîíãîë àðäûí óðòûí äóóã çºâõºí Ìîíãîë õýëýýð äóóëäàã áîë ìîðèí õóóð õºãæèì ÷ ìîíãîë õýëòýé ¿íäýñòýí, ÿñòíóóäûí äóó õºãæìèéí ñýòãýëãýýíèé èëýðõèéëýë. Òóóëü õàéðëàõ, åðººë, ìàãòààë õýëýõ, àðäûí óðò, áîãèíû äóó äóóëàõàä áàéíãà äýìæèí õºã溺äºã íü Ìîíãîë õýë, ìîðèí õóóð, óðòûí äóó íü ìîíãîë÷óóäûí îþóí ñàíàà, ãîî ç¿éí ñýòãýëãýýíèé ýõ óíäàðãà, ñî¸ëûí áèåò áóñ ºâèéí òóëãûí ãóðâàí ÷óëóó þì. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 95 ªâ Ñî¨ë SKY TEAM 1911 îíä Ìîíãîëûí òºð øàøíû òýðã¿¿í VIII Áîãä Æàâçàíäàìáûí ìýëìèé ÷èëýýðõýõýä, ýíýðëèéí áýëýãäýë ìýãæèä æàíðàéñèã áóðõíûã øèíýýð á¿òýýõ ìºí ò¿¿íä çîðèóëàí ñ¿ì áîñãîõ çàðëèã áóóëãàñàí. Èíãýýä áóðõàí øàøíû òºâ Ãàíäàíòýã÷ýëèí õèéäèéí ñóóðü Äàëõûí / îäîî Ãàíäàíãèéí äýíæ õýìýýí íýðëýõ áîëñîí/ äýíæ äýýð áàðèëãûí àæèë ýõýëæ, Ìîíãîëûí àðä ò¿ìýí ìºí㺠áîëîí çýñýí àÿãà, øàíàãàíä áîãä óóëûí õîéä ãîëîîñ äýíæ õ¿ðòýë öóâàí çîãñ÷, àÿãà, øàíàãàà ãàçàðò õ¿ðãýëã¿éãýýð óñ 纺æ, õèéäèéí ñóóðèéã òàâèõàä ãàð áèå îðîëöîæ áàéæýý. Ìîíãîë óëñûí áàõàðõàë, ñî¸ë óðëàãèéí ãàéõàìøèãò á¿òýýë Æàíðàéñàã áóðõíûã Ìîíãîëûí àíõäóãààð Áîãä ªíäºð Ãýãýýí Çàíàáàçàð á¿òýýñýí áàéäàã. Àðüÿàáàë Æàíðàéñàã áóþó Í¿äýýð ¿çýã÷ áóðõàí íü óóæèì òàëáèóí 纺ëºí õàðöààðàà åðòºíöèéã èâýýæ, ãóðâàí îðíû àìüòàí á¿ãäèéã ýíýðýí òààëæ, òýäíèé æàðãàëä õàðøëàõ á¿õíèéã àðèëãàí, ºâ÷èí çîâëîí í¿ãýë õèëýíö, í¿äíèé ãýì á¿ãäèéã àðèóñãàæ, õîòîë ÷óóëãàíûã àäèñëàí òýòãýã÷èéí ä¿ðòýé. Ìýãæèä Æàíðàéñèã áóðõàí íü áàðóóí äýýä ìóòàðòàà õàìàã àìüòíû áèëãèéí ãýìèéã áóþó ìóíõàã õàðàíõóéí ºâ÷íèéã àðèóñãàõ íèã¿¿ñýõ¿éí ðàøààí á¿õèé ìºíãºí áóìáûã ýðõøýýæ áàðóóí àíõäóãààð ìóòðûí íýðã¿é õóðóóãààð ç¿¿í àíõäóãààð ìóòàð äàõü öºãöòýé ðàøààíààñ ìýëìèéí ãýìèéã àðèëãàäàã áºãººä øºíèéí öàãò ç¿¿í äýýä ìóòàðòàà ýðõøýýñýí ìºíãºí òîëèíäîî õàìàã àìüòíûã áîëãîîí ¿çýæ, çîâëîí ºâ÷èíä óíàãñäûã àíàãààõ þì. 1911 îíä Ìîíãîëûí òºð øàøíû òýðã¿¿í VIII Áîãä Æàâçàíäàìáûí ìýëìèé ÷èëýýðõýõýä ýíýðëèéí áýëýãäýë Ìýãæèä Æàíðàéñèã áóðõíûã øèíýýð á¿òýýõ ò¿¿íä çîðèóëàí ñ¿ì áîñãîõ çàðëèã áóóëãàñàí. Ýíýõ¿¿ áóðõíûã Áîãä Ãýãýýíèé òîõîéí õýìæýýãýýð 80 òîõîé /26ì/ ºíäºð á¿òýýâýë ñàéí õýìýýí ººðºº àéëäæýý. Èíãýýä áóðõàí øàøíû òºâ Ãàíäàíòýãöýëèí õèéäèéí ñóóðü Äàëõûí /îäîî ãàíäàíãèéí äýíæ õýìýýí íýðëýõ áîëñîí/ äýíæ äýýð áàðèëãûí àæèë ýõýëæ, Ìîíãîëûí àðä ò¿ìýí ìºí㺠áîëîí çýñýí àÿãà, øàíàãàíä Áîãä óóëûí õîéä ãîëîîñ äýíæ õ¿ðòýë öóâàí çîãñ÷ àÿãà, øàíàãàà ãàçàðò õ¿ðãýëã¿éãýýð óñ 纺æ, õèéäèéí ñóóðèéã òàâèõàä ãàð áèå îðîëöîæ áàéæýý. Èõ ø¿òýýíèéã á¿õýëä íü çýñýýð á¿òýýæ, 1200 ëàí àëò, 1500 ëàí ìºíãº, 400 ãàðóé ýðäýíèéí ÷óëóóí øèãòãýýãýýð ÷èìñýí áàéíà. Ò¿¿íèéã òîéðóóëàí 1 ò¿ìýí Àþóø áóðõàí, çýñ áàðûí 1000 æàäàìáà, Áóðõàí áàãøèéí 8 ñýëòèéã 96 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 òîéðóóëàí áàéðëóóëæýý. Ýíý íü Æàíðàéñèã áóðõíû èâýýë ºðøººëèéã ¿ðæ¿¿ëýõèéí åðººë þì. Èéíõ¿¿ Æàíðàéñèã áóðõíû õèéä 1913 îíä áàðèãäàæ äóóñ÷ýý. Æàíðàéñèã Áóðõíûã á¿òýýõ öààä øàëòãààí íü Ìîíãîë óëñ ýðõ ÷ºëºº, òóñãààð òîãòíîëîî ñýðãýýí, Øèíý Ìîíãîë óëñ áàéãóóëàãäñàíûã îëíîî çàðëàí òóíõàãëàñàí ÿâäàë þì. Èõ áóðõíûã çàëñíààñ 24 æèëèéí äàðàà õýëìýãä¿¿ëýëòèéí æèë ýõýëæ, 700 ãàðóé ñ¿ì õèéä, õýäýí ìÿíãàí áóðõàí, ñóâàðãûã óñòãàñíû äóíä Æàíðàéñàã áóðõàí ºðòñºí áàéíà. Äýëõèéí 2-ð äàéíû ¿åä áóðõíûã áóóëãàæ, ñóäðèéã òýýâýðëýí, àëò ìºíãº, ýðäýíýñýí ÷èìýãëýëèéã òîíîí, èõ áèåèéã îðîñ ðóó ñóìíû ¿éëäâýðò õàéëóóëæ, ñóì õèéñýí þì. 1991 îíû 4 ñàðûí 22-íä Æàíðàéñàã áóðõíûã äàõèí á¿òýýõ àæèëä Ìîíãîëûí àðä ò¿ìýí õè÷ýýí ç¿òãýæ, õàíäèâ, ñýòãýëèéí ºðãºëèéã øèíãýýí öîãöëîîñîí áèëýý. 26.5 ì ºíäºð øèíý Æàíðàéñãèéã á¿òýýõýä 20 òîíí ýõ îðíû ýðäýíýòèéí çýñèéí öóòãàìàë, 27 òîíí ãàí îðñîí. Áóðõíûã 5.5 ñì õýìæýýòýé 75600 øèðõýã àëòàí ÿëòñûã çàé çàâñàðã¿éãýýð íèéë¿¿ëýí á¿ðõýæ, Ìîíãîë îðíû ìààíü õºðñºíä îðøäîã î÷èð àëìàç, ìàðãàä ýíðäýíý, áàäìààðàã, èíäðàíèë, ìîëîð ýðýäíý çýðýã 2000 ãàðóé òºðëèéí ¿íýò ýðäíèéí ÷óëóóãààð ÷èìæýý. Ýäãýýð ¿íýò ýðäíèéí 300 íü çºâõºí òèòýìäýý ÷èìýãëýñýí áàéäàã þì. Áóðõíû èõ áèåèéã Ìîíãîëûí ºðãºí óóäàì íóòãèéí íóãà õºíäèé, óóë òîëãîä á¿ðèéí øèì øèíãýñýí òàðèà äýýæèñ, òºðºë á¿ðèéí èäýý óíäàà 27 òîíí ýìèéí óðãàìàë, àðö, 332 Áóääûí ñóðãààëèéí ýìõòãýë áà òàéëáàð àðèóí ñóäàð, Áóääûí õîâîð õóâöàñ õýðýãëýë áîëîí 2 ñàÿ òàðíè á¿õèé íîì ìºí á¿ðýí òàâèëãàòàé ãýð, ìîðèí õóóð, 9 ýðäýíèéí ÷óëóóë çýðýã ºðãºëèéí ç¿éëñýýð ä¿¿ðãýñýí áàéäàã. Áóðõíû ãàðòàà áàðüñàí õàäãèéã óðëàõàä Ýíýòõýãèéí 7 ºíãèéí õîðãîé, 500 ì öýâýð òîðãî îðñîí. Áóðõíû óðä Õàíãàé Õýíòèéí íóðóóíû õóø ìîäîîð 9 ýðäýíý áîëîí Áóääûí 8 òàõèëûã òîâîéëãîí ñèéëñýí, Ìîíãîëûí õàìãèéí òîì áóþó 1.65 ì ºíäºð òàõèëûí øèðýýã ñèéëñýí þì. Ìýãæèä Æàíðàéñàã ø¿òýýí íü ìàíàé ñî¸ëûí òºäèéã¿é, ¿íäýñíèé ñýðãýí ìàíäëûí áèëýã òýìäýã, Ìîíãîë òºð óëñûí òóñãààð òîãòíîë, àðä ò¿ìíèé áèëãèéí ìýëìèé ºíº ìºíõºä ãýãýýí òóíãàëàã áàéõûã áýëýãäýí, õ¿ì¿¿í òºðºëõòíèé ýíýðýë íèã¿¿ñýë, ýíõ àìãàëàíãèéí äýýä ýðìýëçëèéí òºãñ óòãûã á¿ðíýý èëýðõèéëýí, Ìîíãîë ò¿ìíèé õîéìîðò àøèä çàëàðñàí áèëýý. Ìýãæèä Æàíðàéñèã 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 97 ãàéõàìøèã SKY TEAM Õ¿í òºðºëõòíèé õàìãèéí ýðòíèé èíæåíåðèéí øèéäýëòýé á¿òýýëèéí íýã áîë ã¿¿ð þì. ÿ¿ðèéã õ¿íèé õýðýãöýýíä çîðèóëæ áîñãîõîîñ ãàäíà òóõàéí ãàçàð, îðîí íóòãàà ÷èìæ, õîë îéðûí çî÷èä ãèé÷äèéí õàðààã áóëààõ á¿òýýë áîëãîäîã. Åâðîï äàÿàð òàðõñàí äýëõèéí õàìãèéí ãî¸ ã¿¿ðí¿¿äèéã òà á¿õýíä òàíèëöóóëüÿ. Áîñôîðóñ ã¿¿ð Áîñôîðóñ ã¿¿ð. Òóðêèéí Ñòàìáóë õîòîä îðøèõ òóñ ã¿¿ð íü 1973 îíä áàðèãäæýý. 1510 ìåòð óðò ýíý ã¿¿ðíèé ãîë îíöëîã íü Àçè Åâðîïûã õîëáîñîí äýëõèéí öîðûí ãàíö ã¿¿ð þì. Êàðëîâûí ã¿¿ð ×åõ óëñàä áàéäàã ýíýõ¿¿ ã¿¿ðèéí àíõíû ÷óëóóã 1357 îíä òóõàéí ¿åä ýçýí õààí áàéñàí 4 ä¿ãýýð Êàðë òàâüñíààð Êàðëîâûí ã¿¿ð ãýõ áîëæýý. Áàðèëãûí àæèë 15-ð çóóíû ýõýýð äóóññàí áàéíà. Äýëõèéí äýýðõ öîðûí ãàíö äóíäàä çóóíû ¿åèéí ÷óëóóí ã¿¿ð áîëîõ óã ã¿¿ðèéã ×åõèéí àðä ò¿ìýí àç àâ÷èðäàã õýìýýí ¿çíý. Êàðëîâûí ã¿¿ðèéí äàãóó íèéò 30 õºøºº áîñãîñîí áàéäàã. Ôîðò ã¿¿ð 1890 îíä Øîòëàíäàä áàðèãäñàí ôîðò ã¿¿ðèéã àðõèòåêòîð÷ Æîí Ôàóëåð, Áåíæàìèí Áåéêåð íàð á¿òýýñýí þì. Ãàëò òýðãýíä çîðèóëñàí, 521 ìåòð óðò ýíý ã¿¿ð íü ºâºðìºö õýëáýðýýðýý àëäàðò Ýéôåëèéí öàìõàãòàé òºñòýé áºãººä õàìãèéí ñàéõàí ã¿¿ðí¿¿äèéí òîîíä ç¿é ¸ñîîð áàãòäàã àæýý. Ìèéî ã¿¿ð ªìíºä Ôðàíöûã Òàðí ãîëûí ýðýãòýé õîëáîäîã ýíýõ¿¿ ã¿¿ð íü äýëõèéí õàìãèéí ºíäºð ã¿¿ðí¿¿äèéí íýãä òîîöîãääîã. ÿ¿ðíèé õàìãèéí ºíäºð õýñýã íü 343 ìåòð ºíäºðò áàéðëàõ áºãººä ýíý íü Ýéôåëèéí öàìõàãààñ ÷ ºíäºð ãýñýí ¿ã þì. Ãóðàâõàí æèëèéí äîòîð áîñãîæ, 2004 íýýëòýý õèéñýí ýíýõ¿¿ ã¿¿ðýýð ÿâõàä òýíãý𠺺ä ä¿¿ëýõ ìýò ñýòãýãäýë òºðäºã áîëîâ÷ èéì ºíäºð ã¿¿ðýýð ãàðàõàä ��îðèãòîé áàéõ õýðýãòýé ãýíý ëýý. 98 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Ýðàçìóñ ã¿¿ð Äýëõèéí õàìãèéí òîì êàáåëýí ã¿¿ðí¿¿äèéí íýã áîëîõ Ýðàçìóñ íü Íèäåðëàíäûí Ðîòòåðäàì õîòîä áàéäàã. Õîòûí õîéä áîëîí ºìíºä õýñãèéã õîëáîñîí ýíýõ¿¿ ã¿¿ðèéã íóòãèéí èðãýä õ¿í ãýæ íýðëýäýã. 1996 îíä áàðèãäñàí óã ã¿¿ð 808 ìåòð óðòòàé áºãººä ýíý íü áóñàä ã¿¿ðí¿¿äòýé õàðüöóóëàõàä òèéì ÷ óðò áèø þì. Ãýñýí õýäèé ÷ Ýðàçìóñ ã¿¿ð ºâºðìºö õýëáýðýýðýý Ðîòòåðäàìûí áýëýã òýìäýã áîëæýý. Ðèàëòî ã¿¿ð Ðèàëòî ã¿¿ð íü ã¿¿ðíèé îðîí ãýãäýõ Èòàëèéí Âåíåö õîòûí õàìãèéí ýðòíèé 4 ã¿¿ðíèé íýã. 1255 îíä àíõ ìîäîîð áàðèãäñàí òóñ ã¿¿ð õýñýã õóãàöààíû äàðàà øàòàæ, 1310 îíä äàõèí ñýðãýýãäñýí áàéíà. 200 æèëèéí äàðàà óñàí îíãîöíû ïàðàä ¿çýõýýð öóãëàðñàí îëíûã äààëã¿é íóðæýý. Èíãýýä 1591 îíä Ðèàëòî ã¿¿ðèéã àíõ áàéñàí ÿã òýð õýëáýðýýð íü ÷óëóóãààð áîñãîñîí áàéíà. ÿ¿ðýí äýýð Âåíåöèéí õàìãèéí ¿íýòýé äóðñãàëûí ç¿éëñèéí 24 äýëã¿¿ð áàéðëàäàã àæýý. PONTE VECCHIO áóþó ýðòíèé ã¿¿ð Èòàëèéí Ôëîðåíö õîòîä áàéäàã ýíý ã¿¿ðèéã Âåíåöèéí Ðèàëüòî ã¿¿ðíèé çàãâàðààð áàðüñàí þì. Ýðòíèé Ðîìûí ¿åä áóþó îéðîëöîîãîîð 996 îíä ìîäîîð áàðèãäñàí óã ã¿¿ð 1117 îíä íóðñàí áºãººä 1333 îíä ÷óëóóãààð äàõèí áîñãîñîí ÷ èõ ¿åðò ãýìòñýí áàéíà. 1345 îíä ã¿¿ðèéã äàõèí ñýðãýýí çàñâàðëàæýý. ÿ¿ðýí äýýð áàéðëàõ äýëã¿¿ðò ýðò ¿åä ìàõ íÿäëàã÷èä ìàõ çàðäàã áàéñàí áîë ºíºº ¿åä áóñàä ã¿¿ðíèé àäèë äóðñãàëûí ç¿éë çàðäàã äýëã¿¿ð¿¿äýýð ä¿¿ð÷ýý. Ãýéòñõýä ìèëëåíèóì ã¿¿ð Ýíý ã¿¿ð íü ìºí ë Àíãëèä áàéõ áºãººä Õîéä Àíãëèéí Íüþêàñòë áîëîí Ãýéòñõýä õîòóóäûã õîëáîæýý. Äîîãóóð íü óñàí îíãîö ÿâàõ ¿åä ãàðõàä ýâòýéõýí áîëãîæ äóãóé õýëáýðòýé õî¸ð õýñýã íü õºäëºõ áºãººä ýíý ¿åä àâàðãà í¿ä íýýãäýæ õààãäàæ áàéãàà ìýò õàðàãääàã ºâºðìºö îíöëîãòîé þì. Äýëõèéí õàìãèéí ºíäºð ã¿¿ðí¿¿äèéí æàãñààëòûí 16-ä áàãòäàã ýíý ã¿¿ð 2002 îíä íýýëòýý õèéæýý. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 99 SKY TEAM 100 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 101 WORLD- MONGOLIA SKY TEAM 102 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 103 green mongolia SKY TEAM The Mongolian Yurt Genghis Khan Has Just Left the Building... The constructive principle of the mongol yurt has changed little since Genghis Khan's times. Only a few elements were adapted to newly developed or imported technology, such as carpentry. This made it possible to craft a wooden crown similar to a wheel in place of a simple piece of wood bent into a circle. Even more obvious are the use of a wooden door instead of a felt curtain, and of course the iron stove with a chimney in place of open fire. We have tried to collect as much information as possible about this beautiful dwelling type. We did so out of architectural and cultural interest, and also simply because we care. Even if the nomadic lifestyle is still very much alive in Mongolia, it will continue suffer more and more changes by modern influences, which may eventually amount to a real threat. We hope we can contribute a little bit to keep the tradition alive! 104 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 105 ¯åýñãýëýíò ìîíãîë SKY TEAM Òàõü Ïðæåâàëüñêèéí áîëñîí íü àäóó" Òºâ Àçèàð ãóðâàí ÷ óäàà àÿëñàí ïîëüø ãàðàëòàé Í.Ì.Ïðæåâàëüñêèéã õî¸ð äàõü àÿëàëààñ áóöàæ ÿâàõàä íü Îðîñûí õèëèéí õàðóóëûí äàðãà À.Ê.Òèõîíîâ ò¿¿íä ºâºðìºö áýëýã ºã÷ýý. Ýíý áîë Ìîíãîëûí ç¿¿í ãàðûí ãîâèîñ íýãýí êèðãèç àí÷íû àãíàñàí çýðëýã àäóóíû øèð, ãàâëûí ÿñ õî¸ð áàéëàà. Îðîñûí ØÓÀ-ààñ øèð, ãàâëûí ÿñ õî¸ðûã óäòàë ñóäëàí èëæèã, õóëàí, òàðïàí, ãýðèéí àäóó çýðýã 22 ç¿éëèéí áèò¿¿ òóóðàéòàí àìüòàíòàé õàðüöóóëàí ¿çýýä áèåèéí á¿òýö, áèîëîãèéí õóâüä áèå äààñàí øèíý ç¿éë áîëîõûã áàòàëæ, îëæ èðñýí õ¿íèé íýðýýð „Ïðæåâàëüñêèéí àäóó" õýìýýí íýðëýæýý. Òàõü áîë õºõòíèé àíãè, áèò¿¿ òóóðàéòíû áàã, àäóóíû îâîã, òºðºëä áàãòäàã. Îäîî äýëõèéä öîðûí ãàíö ¿ëäñýí çýðëýã àäóó. Ìîíãîë àäóó 64 õîðîìñîìòîé áîë òàõèéíõ 66 áàéäàã. Òàõü áàðèõ àÿí ýõýëñýí íü 1892 îíä „Íèâà" ñýòã¿¿ëä òàõèéí òóõàé ºã¿¿ëýë íèéòëýãäñýíýýñ Åâðîïûí àìüòäûí õ¿ðýýëýíãèéíõýí öºì ë òàõüòàé áîëîõ ãýæ ºäðèéí áîäîë øºíèéí ç¿¿ä áîëæ 106 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 áàéëàà. Õîâäîä ñóóæ áàéñàí Îðîñûí õóäàëäàà÷èí Í.È.Àññàíîâ 1896 îíä Îðîñûí ØÓÀ-èéí Õ¿í ñóäëàë, óãñààòíû ç¿éí ìóçåéí àæèëòàí óãñààòàí ñóäëàà÷ Ä.À.Êëåìåíöòýé óóëçàæ, Ãýðèéí àäóóíû ã¿¿ òàõüòàé òàõèéã àìüäààð íü áàðèõ ãàðãàæýý. Ýíý àäèë õóë õîíãîð ç¿ñìèéí ñàíààã ñàíàà ÿâñààð Óêðàéíû áàéõ øààðäëàãàòàé. Õàð áàðààí ç¿ñìèéí ã¿¿íä Àñêàíè Íîâà äàõü àìüòíû ¿íäýñëýã÷ òàõèéí óíàãà îéðòîõ ÷ ¿ã¿é” õ¿ðýýëýíã áàéãàëü ñóäëàà÷ Ôðåäðèõ ãýæýý. Åäóàðä Ôàëüö-Ôàéíä õ¿ð÷, òýð ÷ óóõàéí òàñ õ¿ëýýæ àâ÷ýý. Ò¿¿íèé ãóðâàí æèë äàðààëàí 10.000 ðóáëèýð ñàíõ¿¿æ¿¿ëñýí ýêñïåäèö 1897-1899 îíóóäàä Áàðóóí Ìîíãîëä àäóóíû åâºã òàõü àäóóã áàðèõààð õ¿ð÷ èðëýý. Ýíý ¿åä åâðîïûí àìüòäûí õ¿ðýýëýíãèéí ýçýä öºì ë òàõüòàé áîëîõñîí ãýæ õîðõîéñöãîîæ áàéëàà. Òàõèéí àíãóó÷èä 1897 îíä îðîéòîæ èðýýä, òàõü àäóóíû óíàãà ãàíöûã ÷ áàðüæ ÷àäààã¿é áîë 1898 îíä çóðãààí óíàãà áàðüñàí áîëîâ÷ õîíèíû ñ¿¿ãýýð òýæýýãýýä ¿õ¿¿ëæ îðõèæýý. 1899 îíä äîëîîí óíàãà áàðèàä áèå ñóëòàé õî¸ðûã íü Õîâäîä îðõèîä òàâûã íü Áèéñêýýð äàìæóóëàí Àñêàíè Íîâà ðóó ÿâóóëñàí áîëîâ÷ íýã íü çàìäàà ¿õýí, äºðºâ íü Àñêàíè Íîâà-ä õ¿ðñýí ãýäýã. Õàìáóðãèéí àìüòíû õóäàëäàà÷èí Êàðë Õàãåíáåê (Carl Hagenbeck) Ìîíãîë ðóó íýãýí ýêñïåäèö èëãýýñýí íü 1901 îíû õàâðûí òýð íýãýí ºäºð Ìîíãîëä èðæýý. Òýä íóòãèéí çàëóóñûã õºëñëºí õóðäàí áóó, óóðãà áîëîí õºíäèé õîîëîéãîîð äóó õàäóóëæ, òîîñ òàòóóëàí äàâõèëäàæ ýõýëæýý. Òýä òàõèéí 53 óíàãûã áàðüæ àâ÷ýý. Ýäãýýð ñ¿ðãýýñ àëñûí òýýâðèéí õàòóó øèð¿¿í íºõöëèéã ÷¿¿ ÷àìàé äàâàí ãàð÷ äºíãºæ 28 óíàãà õàðèéí íóòàãò õºë òàâüñàí ãýäýã. Ò¿¿íèé äàðààõü æèë¿¿äýä íèéò 54 óíàãà åâðîïîä õºë òàâüñíààñ åñ íü ë øèíý íºõöºëä ¿ð òºëºº ºã÷ýý. Òàõü áàðèõ àíãóó÷äûí óëàíãàññàí äîâòîëãîîí Òàõèéí óíàãà áàðèõ àæëûã çîõèîí áàéãóóëàã÷äûí íýã Ä.À.Êëåìåíö (1903 îíä) áè÷èõäýý: "Òàõèéí óíàãà áàðèõààð ÿâàõäàà àëñ õîëûí àÿíä ÿâàõ ãýæ áàéãàà ìýò õîìòîé òýìýý, óÿæ ñîéñîí õóðäàí ìîðüä áýëòãýæ õýäýí äîëîî õîíîãîîð ýðýëä ãàðíà. Óíàãàòàé ñ¿ðýã òààðàëäâàë ó÷èð ç¿ãã¿é ýëäýæ õººíº. Ýíýõ¿¿ õººëò íýã õî¸ð öàãààð òîãòîõã¿é. Ýðýã ãàíãà, ãóó æàëãûã ýñ õàéõðàí òàõü õààøàà çóãòàíà, àíãóó÷èä òèéøýý äîâòîëãîíî. Àíãóó÷èä öóöñàí ìîðüäîî õýýð õàÿ÷èõààä ººð ìîðü ñýëãýæ óíààä òàõèéí ñ¿ðãèéã ýëäýíý. Õýä äàõèí ñîëèõ óíàà áýëýí áàéíà. Òàõü õýäèéãýýð ÷àäàë òýíõýýòýé, òýâ÷ýýðòýé ÷ ãýñýí õýýëòýé ã¿¿, íÿëõ óíàãà õîë ãàçàð óäààí äàâõèæ ÷àäàõã¿é ñóëüäàí, ñ¿ðãýýñ öóâàð÷ ýõëýõýä àíãóó÷èä óëàì õóðäàëæ, òýäíèéã áàëìàãäóóëàí ãóóã÷èí õàøãèðàëäàæ, áóó òàâèíà. Àçàðãà ñ¿ðãèéí àðä õîöîðñõèéí äàãàíà. Õººã÷èä îéðòîí èðýõýä àçàðãà ñ¿ðãýý ã¿éöýí î÷èæ, óíãàëäàí, õîöðîãñäûã 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 107 ¯çýñãýëýíò ìîíãîë SKY TEAM øàâäóóëàí, ñóëüäàæ áóé óíàãàíóóäûã õîøóóãààðàà ò¿ëõýí, ñ¿ðãèéíõýý àð òàëûã õóìèíà. Õººã÷èä îéðòîõ òóñàì açàðra òàâã¿éòýæ, ñ¿ðãýýñýý õîöîð÷, äàéñíóóäûã ýðãýí ýðãýí õàðæ òýýíýãýëçýæ áàéñíàà ãýíýò òýíõýý ìýäýí õóðäàëæ, õîöðîãñîääîî õ¿÷ íýìýõ ãýæ îðîëäîíî. Äàéñíóóä ñ¿ðýãò òóëæ èðýõýä àçàðãà òýäýí ð¿¿ äàéð÷ áóóäóóëíà. Óäèðäàã÷ã¿é áîëñîí ñ¿ðýã áóòðàí òàë òàë òèéøýý äàâõèëäàíà. Àíãóó÷èä óíàãàíóóäûã áóãóéëäàæ áàðèíà. Áàðüñàí óíàãàíûõàà õºëèéã õ¿ëýýä ä¿¿ð÷, òýðòýý àðä ¿ëäñýí òýìýýí õºñºã ð¿¿ãýý àâàà÷íà. ¯¿ãýýð óíàãà áàðèõ àæèë äóóñàõã¿é, óíàãûã ã¿¿íä àâàõóóëàõ ÿðâèããàé àæèë òóëãàðíà. Ãýðèéí àäóóíû ã¿¿ òàõüòàé àäèë õóë õîíãîð ç¿ñìèéí áàéõ øààðäëàãàòàé. Õàð áàðààí ç¿ñìèéí ã¿¿íä òàõèéí óíàãà îéðòîõ ÷ ¿ã¿é" ãýæýý. ¯¿íýýñ ¿çýõýä òàõèéí óíàãà áàðèõ ãýæ õè÷íýýí îëîí òàõü àëæ, ñàðíèàñíûã òºñººëºõ ÷ àðãàã¿é. Áàñ ñ¿ðãèéí ûí Äýýä Ǻâëºëèéí òýðã¿¿ëýã÷äèéí äàðãà Ê.Å.Âîðîøèëîâûã Ìîíãîëä àéë÷ëàõ ¿åýð áýëýãëýæýý. Óã ã¿¿ã 1957 îíû 12-ð ñàðä Àñêàíè Íîâà äàõü àìüòíû õ¿ðýýëýíä õ¿ðã¿¿ëñýí áºãººä ã¿¿ òýíä î÷îîä Îðëèöà-3 õýìýýõ íýð õ¿ðòýæ, òàõèíóóäûã öýâýð öóñààð ñýëáýõýä ¿íýëæ áàðøã¿é èõ õóâü íýìýð îðóóëæýý. 1950-èàä îí ãýõýä Ìîíãîë íóòàãò òàõèéí òîî òîëãîé ýðñ öººðñººð áàéâ. 1955 îíû íàéìäóãààð ñàðûí 20-íû ºäºð Òàõèéí Øàð íóðóóíû íýãýí õàâöëûí òýãø äýíæ äýýð òàõèéí ãàíö àçàðãà õàðñàí òóõàé øèíæèëãýýíèé àíãè óäèðäàæ ÿâñàí ïðîôåññîð Ä.Öýâýãìèä ãóàé 1958 îíä áè÷èæ ¿ëäýýæýý. Õîâä àéìãèéí ¯åí÷ ñóì, íýãäëèéí äàðãà Ìóóøàð, æîëîî÷ Íîõîéöàãààí íàð õàð ñ¿¿ëòèéí àíä ÿâæ áàéãààä 1966 îíû àðàâäóãààð ñàðä Õîíèí óñíû ãîâüä òàõèéí íýã àçàðãà ¿çæýý. ¯¿íýýñ õîéø òàõü ãýäýã àìüòíû ñóðàã òàñàð÷, ò¿¿íèéã õàðæ ¿çñýí ãýõ õ¿í ¿ã¿é áîëîîä áàéæýý. Òàõèéã òºðºëõ íóòàãò íü äàõèí çýðëýãø¿¿ëýõýýñ ººð àðãàã¿é áîëñîí íü ìàíëàéã¿é áîëñîí ñ¿ðýã òàðæ áóòðàí õè÷íýýí íü ÷îíûí õîîë áîëñíûã òààæ ìýäýõýä áýðõ. 1947 îíû çóí Òàõèéí øàð íóðóó, Õºõ ºíäºð, Áàéòàã áîãä óóë, Õîíèí óñíû ãîâü, Òàõèéí óñíû ãîâü çýðýã ãàçðààð ØÓÀ-ûí ýðäýì øèíæèëãýýíèé àæèëòíóóä ÿâàí òàõèéí õî¸ð óíàãà áàðüæ èðýí îäîîãèéí Òºâ àéìãèéí Æàðãàëàíò ñóìàí äàõü Ìîðèí çàâîäàä ºã÷ýý. Òýð õî¸ð òàõèíû íýã 10 íàñòàé ã¿¿ã 1957 îíä ÇÕÓ108 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 Òàõèéã Ìîíãîëä íóòàãøóóëàõ ñàíàà 1980-ààä îíä àíõ ãàð÷ýý. ÁÍÌÀÓ-ûí Ñàéä íàðûí çºâëºë 1980 îíû 3-ð ñàðûí 20-íä òàõü ñýðãýýí íóòàãøóóëàõ àæëûã õàðèóöàí çîõèîí áàéãóóëàõ ¿íäýñíèé êîìèññ áàéãóóëæýý. Òýð ¿åä ÇÕÓ-ààñ 6 òàõü àâ÷ðàí Áîãä óóëàíä òàâèõààð õàøàà áàðüñàí áîëîâ÷ òóõàéí ¿åäýý á¿òñýíã¿é. ¯¿íýýñ õîéø 10 æèëèéí äàðàà 1990 îíä òàõü íóòàãøóóëàõ àñóóäàë àõèí ñýðãýæ ýíý òàëààð õîëáîãäîõ áàéãóóëëàãóóä, Óêðàéíû Àñêàíè-Íîâàãèéí àìüòàí ¿ðæ¿¿ëãèéí ýðäýì øèíæèëãýýíèé õ¿ðýýëýí çýðýã áàéãóóëëàãóóäòàé Ìîíãîëä òàõü ñýðãýýí íóòàãøóóëàõ àæëûã õàìòðàí õèéõýýð ãýðýý õýëýëöýýð áàéãóóëæýý. Òàõèéí óãèéí áè÷èã ¿çýõýä àìüòíû õ¿ðýýëýíã¿¿äýä áàéãàà òàõèéí òîî òîëãîé óëàì öåºðñººð áàéñàí íü òàõü ñóäëàà÷äûí ñýòãýëèéã ò¿ãøýýñýýð áàéæýý. 1974 îíû áàéäëûã 1967îíûõòîé õàðüöóóëàõàä òàõèéí ¿õýë 2,2 õóâü íýìýãäýæ, óíàãàëàõ íü ÷ ìºí òºäèé õýð áóóðñàí áàéâ. ªñâºð òàõèéí õîðîãäîë èõ. Áàãàõàí õàøààíä õîðèãäñîí òýäíèé õºäºë㺺í õÿçãààðëàãäàæ, òýæýýëèéí òºðºë ººð÷ëºãäºæ, áèå ìàõáîäü, çàí àðàíøèí íü õ¿ðòýë õóâèð÷, ¿ðæèë íü öººõºí áîäüãàëûí õ¿ðýýíä áîëæ öóñ îéðòîí, àìüäðàõ ÷àäâàð íü ñóëàð÷ ýõýëæýý. Ñóäëàà÷èä òàõü õ¿íèé ýðõøýýëä îðñíîîñ õîéø óäàìøëûí ñàíãèé��õàà 60 îð÷èì õóâèéã àëäñàí áîëîõûã áîëîõûã òîãòîîâ. Èéì ó÷ðààñ äýëõèéä ¿ëäñýí ñ¿¿ë÷èéí ãàíö çýðëýã àäóóã á¿ð óñòàæ ¿ã¿é áîëîõîîñ íü ºìíº àâðàõ öîðûí ãàíö çàì íü ò¿¿íèéã áóöààæ áàéãàëüä íü çýðëýãø¿¿¿ëýõ ÿâäàë õýìýýí ¿çæýý. Õóñòàéí íóðóóíä õýðõýí áèé áîëîâ òàõü Íèäåðëàíäûí èðãýí Áîóìàí ãýð áàë ñàðûíõàà àÿëëààð ×åõèéí íèéñëýë Ïðàãàä î÷æýý. Àìüòíû õ¿ðýýëýíä õàøààíû ìîä ìýðýõ àäóóíû ºâºã òóí ÷ ºðºâäºëòýé õàðàãäñàí ãýäýã. Ýíäýýñ “çýðëýã àäóóã” çýðëýãø¿¿ëýõ òýäíèé ñàíàà òºðæýý. Òýä èõýýõýí õ¿÷ õºäºëìºð, çàðäàë áîëæ Åâðîïûí àìüòíû õ¿ðýýëýíã¿¿äèéí òàõèéí òîî òîëãîéã ñóäëàí, 1977 îíä "Òàõü õàìãààëàõ ñàí" áàéãóóëàí Íèäåðëàíä, Ãåðìàí õî¸ð óëñûí òóñãàé õàìãààëàëòòàé ãàçðóóäàä òàõü ¿ðæ¿¿ëýõ àæëûã ýõë¿¿ëñýí þì. Çýðëýã çºí áèëãèéã íü ñýðãýýõ, óäàìøëûí ñîãîãã¿é, ñàéí óäàì áèé áîëãîõ ãýæ 15 æèë ç¿òãýñíèé ýöýñò çîðèëãîäîî õ¿ðñýí àæ. Ìîíãîëûí àíõíû ñàíñðûí íèñýã÷ Æ.ÿððàã÷ààã Óëààíáààòàðò õ¿ëýýí àâñàíòàé áàðàã ä¿éõ íýãýí áàÿð 1992 îíû çóðãààäóãààð ñàðûí 5-íä áîëëîî. Çóó øàõàì æèëèéí òýðòýý ñ¿ðãýýñýý ºí÷ðºí õàðèéí íóòàãò à÷èãäñàí Ìîíãîë òàõèéí óä àì 15 òàõü ñàéí ñàíààòàé, àäóó ìàëä õàéðòàé õ¿ì¿¿ñèéí óéãàã¿é õºäºëìºð, õè÷ýýë ç¿òãýëèéí áóÿíààð ìîíãîë íóòàãòàà ýðãýí èðëýý. Ìîíãîë ò¿ìýí àäóóíû óäìûã ñ¿¿ öàãààíûõàà äýýæèéã áàðèí íóëèìñ äóñëóóëàí óãòàâ. Þóòàé áóÿíòàé, þóòàé ñýòãýë õºäëºì ¿éë ÿâäàë âý. Ìîíãîë îðîíä, 40-ººä æèëèéí ºìíººñ áàðàà ñóðàãã¿é àëãà áîëñîí àäóóíû ºâºã ìààíü ýðãýí èðëýý. ¯¿íýýñ õîéø õî¸ð æèë òóòàì òàâàí óäààãèéí òýýâýðëýëòýýð íèéò 84 òàõü èðæ, òýð íü ¿ðæèæ ºñººä 180 ãàðóé òîëãîé áîë÷èõîîä Õóñòàéí öîãöîëáîðò ãàçàðò èäýýøèëæ áàéãààã ñîíñîõîä þóòàé áàõàðõàëòàé. Óðüä òàõü àäóó ñ¿ðãýýðýý áýë÷èæ áàéñàí Òàõèéí óñ, Òàõèéí íóðóó, Òàõèéí øàíä çýðýã ãàçàðò ýçýí íü î÷èõ öàã õîëã¿é áîëæýý. Õóñòàéí íóðóóíààñ äàâõèëäàí óñàíäàà áóóæ èðæ áàéãàà òàõèéí ñ¿ðãèéã õàðàõàä ¿íýõýýð áàõòàé ñàéõàí õàðàãäàõ àæýý. Õàøààíä òýæýýëãýæ, õ¿íèé ýðõýýð "æàðãàæ" áàéñàí òýð ñ¿ðýã îäîî àíõèëàì ºâñ íîãîîò Õóñòàéí íóðóóíä ÷ºëººòýé áýë÷èí ÷îíîòîé òóëàëäàæ, ¿ð òºëºº õàìãààëæ, ÿëæ, òºðºëõ çºí ñîâèí, àðàíøèí íü ýðãýí ñýðãýæ áàéíà. Ìàðòàãäàæ ¿ã¿é áîëñîí óäìûí ñàí íü ÷ ñýðãýæ áàéíà. Ìîíãîëä èðýýä õàìãèéí àíõ ãàðñàí òàõèéí óíàãèéã "Ìàãíàé" õýìýýí íýðëýæýý. Îäîî Ìîíãîë îðîíä Èõ ãîâèéí äàðõàí öààçàò ãàçàð, Õóñòàéí íóðóó.Õîìèéí õºíäèéä òàõü àäóóã àìæèëòãàé çýðëýãø¿¿ëæ áàéíà. 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 109 110 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 111 112 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 113 114 AERO MONGOLIA 2012 2012 AERO MONGOLIA 115 116 AERO MONGOLIA 2012