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UPío Baroja y Nessi wayengumbhali owazalelwa eSan Sebastián, eSpain, ngoDisemba 28, 1872, engowomntu obizwa ngokuba sisizukulwana sika-98. Imeko yombhali waseSan Sebastian ayiqhelekanga, kuba wafumana isidanga sobugqirha kwezamayeza. ngaphambi kokuzinikela ngokupheleleyo kubizo lwakhe loncwadi. Nangona ekwazinikele kwithiyetha, inoveli ludidi olubalisayo olwamenza waziwa.
Ngokufanayo, Iincwadi zeBaroja zibonisa iimpawu ezine ezimele utyekelo lwakhe lwefilosofi nezopolitiko: ukuthandabuza, ukuchasa ubuzwe, ukungathembeki komntu ngamnye kunye ne-anarchism. Ukongezelela, umsebenzi wombhali weBasque ubonisa izinto ezicacileyo ezichasene ne-rhetorical-eziqinisekisiweyo ngentetho edibeneyo-kunye nomsindo kude nokwenyani.
Index
- 1 Ibali likaPío Baroja
- 1.1 iimpawu zesimbo
- 1.2 (ngokungafanelekanga) ukuhlelwa kweencwadi zakhe
- 1.3 iinoveli ezikhululekileyo
- 2 Ushwankathelo lwezona ncwadi zinemifuziselo zikaPío Baroja
Ibali likaPío Baroja
iimpawu zesimbo
- Ukubhala amabinzana aphathekayo kwaye kude kuyo nayiphi na imfundo
- ukulula okucacileyo
- Ukukhethwa kwezona mpawu zibalulekileyo zomntu okanye into (graphic impressionism) endaweni yenkcazo eneenkcukacha.
- Ilizwi elirhabaxa libonakaliswa ngesigama esahlula umxholo kunye nezicwangciso ezihambelana nesimo sengqondo sombhali sokungabi nathemba.
- Ubukho bezincoko ezimfutshane ezizinziswe embindini webali ukuze ubambe ezinye zeengcamango ezithile zombhali.
- Ukuncipha kwexesha kunye nendawo (iphunyezwe ngesantya esibalisayo), esivumela ukugubungela bonke ubomi bomntu okanye izizukulwana.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezahluko ezimfutshane
- Iingxoxo zendalo kakhulu kunye nencoko.
- Ukuchaneka kolwimi; into nganye icaciswe ngamagama ngqo ukuze kukhuthazwe ukufunda okuguquguqukayo nokonwabelayo kwezicatshulwa.
(ngokungafanelekanga) ukuhlelwa kweencwadi zakhe
IPio Baroja walungiselela (ngendlela engacwangciswanga ngandlel’ ithile) iincwadi zakhe ezibhaliweyo zaba ziitriloji ezisithoba neetetraloji ezimbini. Phakathi kwezo seti, "Saturnalia" yayiluchungechunge olwapapashwa phantse ngokupheleleyo emva kokufa kukaBaroja, okwenzeka eMadrid, ngo-Oktobha 30, 1956.
Le meko yenzeka ukuze kuthintelwe ukujongana novavanyo lwe-Francoist (ingakumbi kwimiba enxulumene neMfazwe yombango). Ngaphezu koko, iincwadi ezisixhenxe zokugqibela ezigqitywe nguBaroja zithathwa njengeenoveli ezingachanekanga. kuba zingeyonxalenye yohlelo oluyilwe ngumbhali. Amaqela ekuthethwa ngawo ngala:
umhlaba we-basque
- Indlu ka-Aizgorri (1900)
- Indawo yaseLabraz (1903)
- UZalacaín umgwebi (1908)
- Ibali likaJaun de Alzate (1922).
ubomi obumangalisayo
- I-Adventures, ukuveliswa kunye nokungaqondakali kweSilvestre Paradox (1901)
- Indlela yemfezeko (inkanuko eyimfihlakalo) (1901)
- i-paradox ukumkani (1906).
Umzabalazo wobomi
- Uphendlo (1904)
- Ukhula olubi (1904)
- isifingo esibomvu (1904).
Elidlulileyo
- Umboniso wengqondi (1905)
- ezokugqibela romantics (1906)
- Iintlekele ezimanyumnyezi (1907).
Ugqatso
- inenekazi elibhadulayo (1908)
- Isixeko senkungu (1909)
- Umthi wesayensi (1911).
Iidolophu
- Kesare okanye akukho nto (1910)
- ihlabathi linjalo (1912)
- Inkanuko egqwethekileyo: izincoko zothando zendoda engaziyo kwiminyaka yobudala yokonakala (1920).
Ulwandle
- Iinkxalabo zikaShanti Andía (1911)
- Ilebyrinth yeemamymaid (1923)
- Abaqhubi bokuphakama (1929)
- Inkwenkwezi yeKapteni Chimista (1930).
iintlungu kwixesha lethu
- Umoya omkhulu wehlabathi (1926)
- Iimeko zethamsanqa (1927)
- uthando late (1926).
ihlathi elimnyama
- Intsapho ka-Errotacho (1932)
- isaqhwithi (1932)
- Ababonisi (1932).
ulutsha olulahlekileyo
- Ubusuku beRetreat elungileyo (1934)
- Umbingeleli waseMonleón (1936)
- carnival impambano (1937).
Saturnalia
- imvumi ebhadulayo (1950)
- iinkxwaleko zemfazwe (2006)
- Iminqweno yethamsanqa (2015).
iinoveli ezikhululekileyo
- USusana kunye nabaqhubi beendiza (1938)
- ULaura okanye isithukuthezi esingenathemba (1939)
- Izolo nanamhlanje (yapapashwa eChile ngowe-1939)
- I Knight of Erlaiz (1943)
- Ibhulorho yemiphefumlo (1944)
- Ihotele yaseSwan (1946)
- imvumi ebhadulayo (1950).
Ushwankathelo lwezona ncwadi zinemifuziselo zikaPío Baroja
Indawo yaseLabraz (1903)
Yinoveli ebekwe kwindawo ezisemaphandleni zase-Álava ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Kuye, UBaroja ubalisa njengochungechunge lwedrama yosapho oomayorazgo wabo udlalwa nguDon Juan de Labraz.indoda eyimfama. Lo wamva ubona uxolo lwedolophu yakhe luguquka xa udadewabo uCesárea ebuyela edolophini kunye nomyeni wakhe onganyanisekanga, uRamiro, ebangela ubutshaba phakathi kwabazalwana.
URamiro uqala ngokuhenda uMarina—intombi yenkosikazi yakhe—kwaye emva koko wahenda udade wabo uMicaela., aceba naye ukukhawulezisa ukufa kukaCesárea (onempilo enkenenkene) aze abaleke emva kokuba ezinye izinto ezazisenziwa ecaweni. Kamva, uRosarito, intombi kaRamiro noCesárea, naye uyafa. Okwangoku, uDon Juan kufuneka anyamezele ukuhleba okunjalo kwindawo yezithethe kunye nezithethe ze-puritanical.
Uphendlo (1904)
Kuqikelelwa ngababhali-mbali njengenye yeencwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu zeBaroja, Uphendlo Ifumaneka kwezona ndawo zihlwempuzekileyo zaseMadrid. Pha, UManuel, umlinganiswa ophambili, uhlala engazinzanga kuba kunzima kakhulu ukuba afumane umsebenzi ozinzileyo. Kodwa, nangona ubomi bemihla ngemihla bubuhlungu kunye nokhuseleko olukhoyo, akaze alahlekelwe lithemba lokuzakhela ubomi obungcono.
Umthi wesayensi (1911)
Ngowona msebenzi waziwa kakhulu wombhali waseSpain-kunzima kakhulu ukuhlanganisa amagama ambalwa-kunye iphonononga nzulu le migaqo yefilosofi ilandelayo:
- Ungquzulwano phakathi kwepositivism kunye ne-vitalism; ifakwe ngabalinganiswa ababini abasembindini webali: uAndrés Hurtado kunye nomalume u-Iturrioz.
- UAndrew (umxhasi) ikholose ngenkqubela phambili yenzululwazi njengempendulo kwiingxaki zobukho bomntu.
- Iturrioz (vitalist), ibonisa ukutyekela kwimigaqo kaNietzsche ekhuthaza ukulahlwa kwemilinganiselo yobuYuda nobuKrestu.
- ukungabi nathemba kwengqondo, ingcamango exhaphakileyo eYurophu ngenxa yokugxeka kuka-Immanuel Kant kwiingcamango zeNgqiqo (uThixo, umphefumlo kunye nehlabathi).
- Indlela ka-Arthur Schopenhauer: ulwazi lwenzululwazi luchasene nentsingiselo yobomi kumntu ngamnye.
- Umyalezo we-nihilistic ekugqibeleni: Ukufa komntu kuzisa ukufa kweNdalo yonke.
Ubusuku bomhlalaphantsi olungileyo (1934)
Kule noveli, iBaroja igxile kumxholo okhoyo wakudala: ubufutshane bobomi. Kuyo, umbhali uvusa inqanaba leMadrid ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ebonakaliswe ngumbutho we-bohemian ogcwele ukungalingani. Ngokunjalo, le ncwadi ibonisa uthotho lwabalinganiswa abaphikisanayo, abakwisinye kunye nabanxungupheleyo kwindawo ethatha inqanaba lenkcubeko yomntu ngamnye njengento engenamsebenzi.
Olunye uphawu olwahlukileyo lwale noveli kukusetyenziswa kwebali eliyintsomi elixutywe nendalo yeendibano ezininzi zoluntu eziphuhliswe kwisicatshulwa. Ukwengeza, iinkumbulo zolutsha zivelisa imvakalelo yokulangazelela kubadlali abaphambili ebalini, owadala ibhondi ekhethekileyo kwiJardines del Buen Retiro.


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FAQ
IMIBUZO EBUZWA QHO
Yonke imifanekiso yemveliso kunye neenkcukacha zidutshulwa nyani, kodwa ngenxa yomahluko wengxaki yokukhanya okanye iimonitha zekhompyuter, kunokubakho umbala othile, nto leyo eqhelekileyo, ndiyabulela ngentsebenziswano yakho!
Iintyatyambo ezenziweyo ezenziwe ngezandla azinakulunga njengemveliso yoomatshini, ngenxa yoko inokubonakala ineziphene ezicekeceke.Ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe, siyakuhlola ngononophelo kwaye siqiniseke ukuba imveliso igqibelele.
T / T, L / C. ukuba ufuna ukuhlawula ngenye indlela, nceda uthethane nathi.
Ewe singakunika iisampulu zasimahla, kodwa kuya kufuneka uhlawule iimpahla.
Sobabini siyinkampani yefektri kunye neyorhwebo, samkelekile ukutyelela umzi-mveliso wethu nangaliphi na ixesha.
Ukuba uneminye imibuzo, nceda ukhululeke ukusazisa.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


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NjengeSamsung, Imidlalo yokudlala kaGoogle iya kongeza ifolda enikezelwe kwimidlalo oyifakileyo kwiselfowuni. Oko kukuthi, kuyo unokumilisela yonke imidlalo kwaye ube kunye.
Kuya kufuneka sibone ukusebenza kwayo, kuba kwiLauncher yoMdlalo weSamsung kwi-UI enye, ikuvumela ukuba ucime zonke iindlela ezimfutshane kwidrowa yeapp kunye nedesktop ukuze ifikeleleke kuyo.
Index
Ikhutshiwe kwi-APK yeMidlalo kaGoogle yokudlala
Ukusuka kwi- I-APK ifunyenwe yimigca yekhowudi ezibonisa le nto intsha kwaye iGoogle ikope ngokupheleleyo i-UI enye ye-Samsung. Nakule miqolo yekhowudi ekhishwe kwiMidlalo yeGoogle Play APK unokufumana i icon eya kuthi isetyenziselwe ukuchonga ifolda ngayo yonke imidlalo efakiweyo.
Abaphuhlisi beXDA baye bakwazi ukuvelisa umsebenzi owenziwa leli nqaku kwaye unokubonwa ngokugqibeleleyo ngokungathi yifolda. Ngokungafaniyo nesisombululo seSamsung, kwimidlalo kaGoogle Dlala le midlalo siye savela ngokungathi likhadi elinesihloko, istudiyo esisemva kokupapashwa kwayo, xa yayifakwa kunye ne icon ngosayizi omkhulu ukubonelela ngamava angcono okubonwayo kule folda.
Kunjalo yifolda kwaye singayivala ukuze siqhubeke kwidesktop, Kodwa sinalo iqhosha kutolo olusisa ngqo kwiMidlalo yeGoogle Play. Olunye uncedo kule folda yeMidlalo kaGoogle yokudlala kukukwazi ukuhlela uluhlu lwemidlalo ngolu khetho:
- Ngokwealfabhethi
- Kutshanje kudlalwe
- Ukuhlaziywa kutshanje
Izinto eziluncedo kwifolda enikezelwe kwimidlalo
Kuyinyani ukuba sinokwenza ifolda kwidesktop kwaye songeze iindlela ezimfutshane thina, kodwa kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukongeza ezintsha esizifakayo xa le folda ibekelwe bucala ikhathalela zonke. Masithi “libala lethu lokudlala” esifikelela kulo ukuze sonwabele yonke imidlalo esinayo.
Omnye imidlalo eneenkcukacha eyindawo ekhethekileyo kwaye apho siza kugcina ixesha lokuchitha ukubeka ii -apps xa izakusenzela wonke umsebenzi. Endaweni yokuba yonke imidlalo isasazeke kwidrowa, ukusuka kule folda sinokuyivula.
Umahluko phakathi kweMidlalo kaGoogle yokuDlala kunye noMqalisi woMdlalo
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwesisombululo seGoogle kunye neeSamsung Ilele ekubeni inkampani yaseMzantsi Korea inoxanduva lokumilisela usetyenziso lonke ukuba ekhayeni okanye kwiscreen esikhulu, sinenguqulo efanayo naleyo ibiya kuba ludidi lwemidlalo kwiGoogle Play Store.
Ukuba sele sibonisileLonke uluhlu lwemidlalo esiyifakile kwisiqalisi seMidlalo seSamsung siya kuvela; Ngaphandle kokubonelela ngembali yomdlalo, inqanaba leGlass kunye nezinye iindlela.
Ngapha koko, ukuba sijonga kwifolda yemidlalo yeMidlalo kaGoogle, ngokuqinisekileyo uGoogle uza kusebenza ngokwaneleyo ukuze sibe namava afanayo. Ngendlela, kunomdla wokwazi ukuba kwinguqulelo nganye entsha ye-Android okanye kwezinye ii -apps ezinxulumene nayo, UGoogle uthatha inkuthazo kwi-Samsung ngeendaba ezininzi.
Ngokuqinisekileyo oko UGoogle uphucula Imidlalo yeGoogle Play kwaye unikezele ngamava akho nangaphezulu xa umdlalo ophathwayo osuka kwiselfowuni uba nomdla ngakumbi kwaye uthathwa njengeqonga elibi kakhulu; Ukwenza oku kuya kufuneka ujonge kwimidlalo esisandula ukuyinika eyona midlalo ipholileyo kaJanuwari, i ukusukela kuDisemba okanye kwangonoNovemba.


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EMonti
eMonti (isiNgesi: East London, ngesiBhulu: Oos-Londen),[1] esi sisixeko esizinze phaya kunxweme lwakummzantsi-mpuma waseMzantsi Afrika, simi kuma-32.97°S nakuma-27.87°E[2] kwisixeko iBuffalo kwisixeko sikaMasipala waseBuffalo kwiPhondo laseMpuma Koloni. Isixeko sizinze phaya ngakunxweme lolwandle lwaseIndiya, ubukhulu becacala siphakathi komlambo iBuffalo nakumlambo iNxarhun, kwangu nguwo owamkela iziko lemilambo kweli lizwe. Sithetha nje esi sixeko saseMonti sinoluntu olungaphaya kwama-267,000 kummamndla osisixekokazi.[3]
Imbali[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
uLieutenant John Bailie womkhosi waselwandle, omnye wabaphangi-mhlaba weminyaka yoo-1820, wahlola umlomo womlambo iBuffalo waza wafumana idolophu ngo-1836, isikhumbuzo seNduli esisisiBonakaliso sokukhumbula nokunika imbeko kwesi siganeko.[4]
Isixeko sakhiwa ngakumlambo eMzantsi Afrika kwaye sasisaya kwaziwa ngokokuba yiPort Rex. Oku kuzinza kunxweme lwaseNtshona kwaba yinkaba yeMonti, eyathi yakhuliswa de yaba kwizinga lesixeko ngokupheleleyo ngo-1914.
Ngeminyaka yokuqala kwiNkulungwane ye-19th iimfazwe ezazibanjwe phakathi kwabavukeli baseBritane kunye nabahlali bakule ngingqi ababengamaXhosa, isixeko saseMonti sasisebenza njengovimba oxhobisa imikhosi amakomkhulu emikhosi eyayikufuphi ne Qonce, eyayikude kangangamashumi amathathu eemayile. Isakhiwo somkhosi waseBritane, i-Fort Glamorgan, sakhiwa ekuNxweme lwaseMntla ngo-1847, saza sanikezelwa kiKoloni yaseKapa kwakuloo mnyaka mnye. Esi sakhiwo sesinye semingcelele yezakhiwo ezi lolu hlobo ezathi zakhiwa yiBritane, eziquka iFort Murray, iFort White, iFort Cox, iFort Hare kunye neFort Beaufort, kwingingqi eyayizinze umkhosi neyathi yabizwa ngokuba yiBritish Kaffraria.
Kwathi ngokuya kusakhiwa iziko elukunxweme bafika abavukeli beenzalelwane zale ngingqi, sele bequka nabavukeli baseJamani, uninzi lwabo ingamasoka. ngabo kaloku abafika bafaka amagama esiJamani kwinxalenye yeedolophu kule ngingqi yaseMonti amagama afana neCumakala kunye neBerlin. Unanamhla oku, iifani zamaJamani ezifana noo- Gehring, Salzwedel kunye noo-Peinke zisaxhaphakile eMonti, kodwa zona iinzalelwane zabavukeli zakhawuleza zatshintsha zaphila ubuNgesi.
Indawo eyakhelwa umkhosi ngakunxweme ekhoyo kungoku nje, kanye kumlomo womlambo iBuffalo, othungela kulwandle lwaseIndiya, yaqala ukusebenza ngo-1870. Ngo-1872, ikoloni yaseKapa, phantsi kweNkulumbusoyokuqala uJohn Molteno, wathi wawongwa ngesidanga sokuzimela geqe yiBritani. Lo rhulumente mtsha wathi wamanya indawo ezintathu zaseMonti ezazingabamelwane, iMonti, impuma yeMonti kunye nePanmure ngo-1873, zatsho zenza lo Masipala simbonayo ngoku, kwaye ngo-1876 yaqala yaba sisakhiwo kwingingqi yeendlela zikaloliwe, yaqala kunxweme lomlambo. Ngaxesha nye, yaqala yakha isakhiwo sesitishi seenqanawa nezikhephe. Esi sakhiwo sitsha saxesha ukwanda kwesi sixeko, satsho ngesixeko saseMonti, isixeko sanamhlanje esimbeje-mbeje nesiqaqambileyo. [5][6]
Ibhlorho elihlobo olulodwa ezibhlorho ezimbini ezibelekeneyo phezu komlambo iBuffalo yaaqgitywa ukwakhiwa ngo-1935 kwaye unanamhla oku, ikukuphela kwebhlorho elolu hlobo kuMzantsi afrika uphela. Ezona ndawo zimtsalane ngempucuko zibandakanya i ziko lemiboniso yezilwanyana nezinto zemveli eMonti ekulikhaya leecoelacanth, intlanzi yembali zamandulo, ekucingwa ukuba azisekho, zifumaneka ngqo eChalumna Mouth kufuphi naseMonti zifunyanwa ngabalobi ngo-1938, kunye nenqwaba yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo nekuyeyesikhumbuzo. Esi sixeko saziwa njengendawo yokuloba, kunjalo nje iindawo zokonwaba nekudadwa kuzo ziyinxalenye yeendawo ezakhe zantle apha kweli lizwe.
UbuRhulumente nezoPolitiko[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
Ngo-1961, imimandla exhake iMonti yaamiselwa njengamaphandle abantu abamnyama kwabaseCiskei ngaseNtshona kwaza kwas eTranskei ngaseMpuma. Yazibona iMonti sele irhangqiwe macala onke ngaphandle kwaseMantla yaza yenza loo nto ukuba ingabinakuzinza ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lengcinezelo. Umhleli wephepha-ndaba laloo ngingqi, iDaily Dispatch, yayinguDonald Woods, owaphalaza imbali yokugetyengwa kukaSteve Biko, itshantlizyo lenkokheli yomanyano lwamaAfrika nombhali wencwadi esihloko sayo sithi I Write What I Like, egetyengwa ekwizandla zamapolisa okhuselo lwaseMzantsi Afrika eBhayi, kweyomMsintsi ngo-1977. Ibali likaDonald Woods lashicilelwa kumboniso bhanya-bhanya weHollywood othi Cry Freedom. Sithetha nje nanko umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaBiko uthe ngcu unomtsalane ngaphandle kweholokazi lesixeko saseMonti.
Ixesha lokukwaywa koMzantsi Afrika lihlabathi olwathi lwalandela ngeminyaka yoo-1980s lwalwenzakalisa uqoqosho lwesitishi seenqanawa saseMonti. Uqoqosho olumandla lwakutsha nje kuleminyaka imbalwa igqithileyo, lusenziwa ngamaqumrhu afana noo-Daimler Chrysler, yaza loo nto yangunozala wokuphuhliswa nokukhuliswa nokuphuculwa kwesi sitishi seenqanawa kuquka nesemoto entsha.
Ngo-2000, iMonti yaba yinxalenye yeBuffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, umdibaniso wedolophu yaseQonce, iBhisho kunye noMdantsane kwaye inesihlalo kwi-Metro.
Uqoqosho[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
iMonti iliziko loshishino lwesibini ukubalikhulu kweli Phondo. Ushishino lweemoto lungoyena mqeshi ukhonyayo. esona sityalo seDaimler sithe ngcu ecaleni kwesitishi seenqanawa, apho kwenziwa khona iMercedes-Benz nezinye iinqwelo-mafutha ezenzelwa ukuthengiswa kwalapha ekuhlaleni, nokuthunyelwa eMelika naseiBrazil. Aanye amashishini aquka impahla yokunxiba, iindwangu, amachiza, nokwenziwa kokutya.
Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-1960 kude kuye kutsho kwiminyaka yoo-1990s, urhulumente weingcinezelo nocalu-calulo waloba ngokuveza irhafu ehamba nomvuzo ngeenjongo zokutsala oosomashishini kwinto eyayibizwa ngokuba ngoko ng[['amazwe abantu abamnyama abazimeleyo', kuquka elikufutshane iCiskei. Lwatsho lwavela macala uqoqosho kumazwe aye engomakhelwane afana neFort Jackson kunye naseDimbaza, lushiya iMonti iyodwa ngokufanelekileyo. Imisebenzi yombutho olwel yangelo xesha ayizange ibenakho ukwenza nto malunga nenkqubela ekwenzeni ubuhlobo obububo kwezemesebenzi. Ukwakhiwa kwesiseko kwezothutho kwaya kusiba kubi ngakumbi zaza neenzame eziyimisebenzi yawa phantis.
Ukukhuthaza ukonga eMonti, indawo yokuphuhlisa ushishino eMonti East London Industrial Development Zone (IDZ) yathi yafunyanwa eWest Bank ngo-2004, kufutshane nedolophu nesikhululo seenqwelo-moya. umhlaba ongangama-1500ha waveliswa, kwaye isiza sesinye samaziko ophuhliso amane emzantsi afrika.
Ezothutho eMonti zixhumana nazo zonke ezinye iindawo eMzantsi afrika. Umgaqo okumphakamo iN2 uxhumana neendlela ezinqumla kwesi sixeko zisiya ekapa neziya eThekwini, ube okumphakamo weN6 udibana neMonti ngendlela eya kwisixeko saseBloemfontein. Isikhululo seenqwelo-moya saseMonti, esili-10 leekhilomitha ukusuka phakathi naphakathi kwisixeko saseMonti, luneenqwelo-moya ezihamba mihla le zisiya kuzo zonke izixeko zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ezemidlalo[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
iQakambha ngumdlalo othandwa kakhulu apha eMonti. Icala leQakambha elingumdibaniso webhoda/neQakambha yephondo leMpuma Koloni laziwa ngokuba yiWarriors lilo elithabatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwephondo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu. Owayesakuba yi-Proteas wicketkeeper uMark Boucher nekungoku nje ubambe iingxelo zovavanyo kumatyeli amaninzi ngokuchithwa yi-wicketkeeper ngokwesiphakamiso saseMonti. KwiStadium saseesikwipaki yase-Buffalo eMonti saasingatha umdlalo ngokhuphiswano lweICC indebe yeQakambha kwihlabathi ngo-2003 nakwimidlalo emibini ka2009 ye-League i-Indian Premier League.
Eminye imidlalo ebanjwayo apha iquka amanqindi, imountain biking, iskydiving, aeyeembaleki, umdyarho wamahashe nemmidlalo emininzi yamanzi efana nesurfing, ukuqubha, iscuba diving, ukuloba, ukudada ngesikhephe, kunye newindsurfing.
Utyelelo[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
Iindawo zokutyelela ziquka: iYellowsands, iGlen Eden, iGqunube, iQueensbury Bay, iCintsa eNtshona naseMpuma Cintsa.
Iindawo ezinomtsalane[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
- Umzi wezilwanyana eMonti
- Umzi waseMonti onezinto zembali nezinto ezonwabisayo
- Inkwenkwezi Private Game Reserve
- uMpongo Private Game Reserve
- iYellow Sands Caravan Park
Iziphaluka nemozulu[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
iMonti linemozulu eshushu (Köppen Cfa/Cfb), iqondo layo lifudumele njengakunxweme lwaseMonti. Nangona kungekho xesha lanyaka lunembalela apha, kubakho ukoma ebusika, kutsho kubekho intwasahlobo ne.....
Imithombo[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
- ↑ "http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/176733/East-London" Britannica.com retrieved 15 May 2011
- ↑ "South Africa Cities" Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com 15 April 2011 archived from the original on 14 May 2011 retrieved 15 May 2011
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ The Story of the British Settlers of 1820 in South Africa - H. E. Hockly (Juta & Co., 1948)
- ↑ Burman, Jose (1984). Early Railways at the Cape. Cape Town. Human & Rousseau, p.81. ISBN 0-7981-1760-5
- ↑ Bond J.: They were South Africans. London: Oxford University Press. 1956. Chapter 19, The Makers of Railways: John Molteno. p.170.


text:
Iintloko zeZimbali zeZimbumbulu zeentyatyambo zoSilika iiHydrangea Amalungiselelo oMhlobiso weholide zeholide zeNdlu yeKhitshi iGadi yeQela Itheyibhuli Iitafile zeentyatyambo DIY
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Iimpawu zeemveliso
Amagqabantshintshi
Iinkcukacha ezikhawulezayo
Uhlobo: Iintyatyambo ezihombisa umhlobiso kunye namaNxeba
Amaxesha: Umtshato
Indawo yeMvelaphi: iTianjin, China
Igama leBrand: RUNYA
Inani leModeli: RY127-XCJ-027
Igama lemveliso: Iintyatyambo zeSilika zeentyatyambo ezisi-7 IHydrangea yeArtificial Intyatyambo
Isixhobo: yelaphu + iplanga + yensimbi
Ubungakanani: 48cm, D: 14cm
Ukucaciswa: amasebe ama-5
Umbala: ngokufanayo njengeefoto
Ukupakisha: 24/144 ii-PC
I-MOQ: I-5ctns / umbala
Isitayile: Yenziwe ngesandla, ngesandla
Umzekelo: Ewe kunjalo
Ixesha: ukuhlala kwakhona, ihotele, ikhaya, iofisi, umtshato, iiholide, njl.
Inkcazo
- ✔Impahla: Yenziwe ngendwangu ephezulu yesilika kunye neplastikhi, iziqu ezide zenziwe ngeplastiki ngocingo lwentsimbi ngaphakathi, zinokunqunyulwa kufutshane ngokulula ukuze uhlangane neprojekthi zakho ze-DIY.
- Iinkcukacha zemveliso zibalasele, iintyatyambo ziyinyani, kwaye ukuma kweentyatyambo kulunge ngakumbi.
- Inzuzo: Inokuphinda isetyenziswe rhoqo, umbala ngamnye ucacile ukwenza umcimbi wakho ubalulekile!
- Ilungele imeko yanamhlanje, eMelika, eNordic, eTshayina nakwezinye iimeko zasekhaya, ingasinceda ngokufanelekileyo isitayela segumbi lakho.
- Branch Eli sebe lezityalo elenziwe ngobugcisa lenziwe ngamagqabi eemilo ezahlukeneyo ukudala ubume bendalo.
- ✔DESIGN: Amasebe e-bouquet anako ukuhlengahlengisa i-angle ye-bending ngokukhululekileyo.
Imeko efanelekileyo
UkuBonelela ngobuGcisa
Ukubanakho ukuBonelela:
10000.0 Iziqwengana / iziqwenga ngeVeki
Ukupakisha nokuHanjiswa
Iinkcukacha zokupakisha
ukupakisha okuqhelekileyo, ibhokisi + ibhokisi
Izibuko
Xingang, Tianjin
Ixesha lokukhokhela :
FAQ:
Iingxaki zombala
1.Imifanekiso yonke yemveliso kunye neenkcukacha ziyinto yokudubula yokwenyani, kodwa ngenxa yokungafani kwengxaki yokukhanya okanye iimonitha zekhompyuter, kunokubakho umbala othile, nto leyo eqhelekileyo, ndiyabulela ngentsebenziswano yakho!
2.Ujongana njani neziphene?
Iintyatyambo ezenziwe ngezandla azinakulunga njengemveliso yoomatshini, ngoko ke musa ukugqiba ukuba iimveliso ezizezinye zinokubonakala zisilela, nto leyo iyimpawu zethu zomsebenzi wezandla! Ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe, siza kuhlola ngononophelo kwaye siqiniseke ukuba imveliso igqibelele.
3.Imigaqo yeNtlawulo
T / T, L / C. ukuba ufuna ukuhlawula ngenye indlela, nceda uthethane nathi.
4. Andiyithembi imveliso yakho esemgangathweni, ungasinika iisampuli?
Ewe singakunika iisampulu zasimahla, kodwa kuya kufuneka uhlawule iimpahla.
5.Ngaba wena ngumzimveliso okanye inkampani yorhwebo?
Sobabini siyinkampani yefektri kunye neyorhwebo, samkelekile ukutyelela umzi-mveliso wethu nangaliphi na ixesha.


text:
Ukungena zethu zoluntu ka-omdala gamers
Umnqamlezo-iqonga imidlalo kusebenza kuzo zonke izixhobo
Thina musa\'t buza naluphi na uhlobo imali ngomhla wethu iqonga
Abanye bathi Inamba Ibhola lelona ethandwa kakhulu christmas ehlabathini. Ezinye ke babe kuthi ukuba ke Naruto. Kodwa ulibale into enye. Pokemon kanjalo i-christmas kwaye aired okuninzi kwi-west ukuba abantu bayilibala malunga yayo Isijapanese origins. Uyakwazi nani indlela ethandwa kakhulu lento uphawu xa uthatha jonga kwi Free Pokemon Ngesondo Imidlalo kwenkunkuma. Yintoni ndizama ukuthi kukuba oku uqokelelo ngu pretty omkhulu. Kwaye sijongana zonke iintlobo ezininzi ezonakeleyo hardcore intshukumo iphenjelelwe yi-Pokemon ihlabathi. Uyakwazi dlala ngesondo pokemon iimfazwe kule ndawo. Uyakwazi kuba trainer kwaye isitalato., Kukho anthro imidlalo kunye reimagined pokemons ingaba highly appreciated. Kodwa kukho kanjalo eminye imidlalo apho ufumana ukuba abe kolwalwa lwam okanye Buza fucking i-thigh pussies ka-Misty, Kuse, Serena, Meyi, kwaye bonke abo sexy amapolisa amagosa okanye nurses ukuba uza kuhlangana enye indlela.
Yonke imidlalo ukuba ingaba ukuza kule ndawo bakhululekile, kwaye entsha okkt ingaba wongeza kwi-uqokelelo yonke enye inyanga. Uza kudlala ezi imidlalo kunye akukho ubhaliso kwaye akukho kwelandelayo. Yonke into iza ngqo kwibhrawuza yakho. Zethu uqokelelo kuphela featuring entsha Pokemon HDML5 imidlalo, nto leyo kutheni thina zahlukile ezivela kwezinye zephondo kunye nangaphezulu umxholo. Yonke into apha wenziwe tested ukuba uqinisekise ukuba imisebenzi kwi izixhobo ezininzi. Uyakwazi dlala ngesondo imidlalo ye khompyutha yakho, kwaye umphezulu osongiweyo tablet kunye akukho worries ehlabathini., Ingqokelela ka-site yethu kukuba massive, kuya kuza nazo zonke iintlobo ezininzi ezonakeleyo iindidi, kwaye kuya kunceda wonke umntu cum.
Ukuba ufuna anayithathela & ncamathiselamessage status i-Pokemon uphawu, ngaba ngokwenene weza kuwo a babe kuyo ibali ukuba wajonga uhlobo sexy. Ukuba ukhe ubene kwi GF amava porn, ngoko ngaba ngokwenene liked i-nurses ukusuka ibali. Kwaye abo liked amapolisa amagosa ingaba ngoku kwi dominatrices. Abo baba kwi misty kuba nto kuba petite teen babes kwaye ke kukho abo kuni ababekho kulo Waphula kwaye Ash. Ewe, sino gay porn imidlalo kwi ndawo, ukuze nabani na oya kuza apha uyakwazi bonwabele ngokwabo. Uza kuba amazed yi-kink ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo oku kwenkunkuma. Kodwa eyona iindaba iza kuba abo kuni abakhoyo kwi furry kinks., Kwezinye kubo pokemons ingaba zinika sexier amagophe. Ezinye uphinda-phinda pokemons ingaba reimagined ingaba phantse humans, nje ukugcina ezinye iimpawu kwi zabo umzimba remind kuwe ka-abo bamele.
Sinazo zonke iintlobo ezininzi ezonakeleyo umdlalo genres kwi-site. Eminye imidlalo ingaba umnikelo elikhulu ngesondo simulator amava, kunye malunga nenkqubo yolawulo olumanyanisiweyo imfuza ka-yenza i babes kwaye fucking nabo kodwa ufuna. Sino RPG ngesondo imidlalo, kunye ngakumbi interactive gameplay amava kwaye ilanlekile ka-uphawu nuance. Ngoko ke kukho ingqokelela ka-pokemon parody imidlalo, eziya reimagining efanayo ubudala esikolweni GameBoy pokemon idabi name imidlalo. Kwezi entsha revamps, i-gameplay imisebenzi iimfazwe apho yakho sexy anthro kwaye furry iimpawu ingaba besilwa ngamnye kunye nezinye ezahlukeneyo kink abilities., Kukho izinto ezininzi ngakumbi kwaye kuba site ukuze ke ngoko niched, ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuba ngokwaneleyo isiqulatho ukuba yokugqibela kuwe kuba elide ngexesha.
Xa ufumana kwi-site yethu, into yokuqala uza isaziso yindlela kakuhle organics yonke into. Ke ngoko kulula ukufumana umdlalo ufuna ukudlala kuba tonight ke porn escapade. Kufuneka nje bonisa ingqokelela, iintlobo, okanye sebenzisa igama elingundoqo tags kwi-site. Oku lonke iwebhusayithi ngu reliable. Siza kuza kunye emnqamlezweni iqonga ukungqinelana kuba zombini kule ndawo kwaye umxholo. Siza kunikela uzalise yedwa kwaye iyonke anonymity ngexesha nisolko kwi-site yethu. Kwaye thina ziqiniseke ukuba kuquka ezinye iinkalo zoluntu ngoko ke ukuba uyakwazi ezisebenza kunye nabanye abadlali abakhoyo lwe yakho passion kuba pokemon porn parodies., Kwaye konke oku esiza kuwe for free. Wena musa kufuneka ubhalise kwi-site kwaye asinaphawu steal na uhlobo idata esuka kuwe. Ke i-vula iqonga omdala gaming kwaye ke indawo apho unako vumelani yakho fantasies sebenzisa wasendle, ngokukhuselekileyo!


text:
Ngenxa yokuba abantu baseTaurian zizidalwa zokonwaba, xa ababini kubo bebandakanyekile kubuhlobo, lindela ukuba yonke indawo yokutyela enkulu, imyuziyam enkulu kunye nendawo yokuthenga entle ityelelwe.
Bobabini bayakuthanda ukuphumla, kwaye ngelixa bebonakala ngathi abanakufezekisa izinto ezininzi xa bekunye, banokuba nexesha elimnandi ngelixa bezama ukonwaba.
Kwezi zimbini, ukuhleka kunye nokuhlala ujikeleze kunokuba yinto nje. Xa bephikisana, akukho namnye kubo oya kufuna ukunikezela, ngenxa yoko ubudlelwane babo bunokuba nzima amaxesha ngamaxesha. Ukutsiba ingqekembe xa kufuneka kwenziwe izigqibo kunokuba sisisombululo kubo.
Ngaphantsi komhlaba kunye rhoqo
Ubuhlobo phakathi kwabemi ababini baseTaurus bunokuzinza kwaye bukhuthaze ukhuseleko oluninzi okanye intuthuzelo kuba bobabini bayathandana. Umzekelo, abantu ababini baseTauriya abangabahlobo baya kuhlala bexabisa iimfuno zabanye zokunethezeka.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka bafunde indlela yokwenza ulungelelwaniso kuba ubuhlobo babo bunokwenzakaliswa ziimpikiswano ezingenantsingiselo.
Bobabini bazimisele ukuphumelela kwaye bazimisele ekusebenzeni nzima, kwaye bathambekele ekuthatheni izinto kancinci kunokuba bakhawulezise ubuhlobo babo benzeke.
Bobabini banesimo kunye kwaye ukuba omnye wabo angade abe nenkohliso, omnye akasayi kuphinda afune ukuva ngonxibelelwano lwabo kwakhona.
indoda eyi-virgo kunye nomfazi wanamhlanje ngesondo
Kodwa ezi zinto zenzeka kunqabile kakhulu kuba iTaurus ayingcatshi. Olu luphawu olulawulwa nguVenus, ke xa abantu ababini abaneplanethi yobuhle njengomlawuli wabo behlangana, banokwenza izinto ezininzi ukuze ubomi babo bube mnandi ngakumbi.
Bobabini banobubele kwaye banenkathalo, ke banokuziva bekhuselekile ngokwasemoyeni xa bekunye, esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba bangafuni ukuyeka ubuhlobo babo.
Kuyinyani ngamanye amaxesha bayonqena kwaye bayakhululeka, kodwa ubukhulu becala, abantu baseTaurians basebenza nzima ukuze baphile ubomi obutofotofo.
Abaluthandi utshintsho kuba bathanda nje abantu abangabo kwaye abakhathazwa kukujongana nesiphene okanye ezimbini.
Ngenxa yokuba ziyimpawu zomhlaba, aba bantu baphantsi phantsi kwaye bahlala behlala, kodwa banokuzivumelanisa neemeko ezintsha kunye nabantu.
Njengabanye, banokubakho izinto ezifihliweyo malunga nabo, kodwa ubuncinci abazami ukutshintsha iziqu zabo okanye nabani na ongomnye.
Ngelixa zigcinwe kwaye zingathembi kancinci, zisenza abahlobo ngokulula kakhulu kuba abanye bayayithanda indlela abayikhuthaza ngayo imo yozinzo.
Ukuba zimpawu zomhlaba, banokuthathelwa ingqalelo njengabalimi kwigadi yezodiac yaseNtshona, ke xa bekunye njengabahlobo, banokugxila kakhulu kwiindawo ezintle kunye nokukhathalela igadi entle.
Ngapha koko, imihlaba yoMhlaba ijolise kwicala lokuthanda izinto eziphathekayo, oko kuthetha ukuba bayathanda ukungqongwa bubuhle obunokuguqulelwa kubugcisa nakwizinto ezibizayo.
Bobabini bafuna ukhuseleko lwezezimali, oko kuthetha ukuba banamabhongo kunye nomnqweno wabo wokunethezeka obaqhubela ekusebenzeni nzima kakhulu. Ukuba ziimpawu ezizinzileyo, abantu baseTaurian njengabahlobo baya kusokola kakhulu kwiinjongo zabo zokuba zifezekiswe.
Xa benesicwangciso, abaze batshintshe iindlela zabo kwaye bahlala bebambelela kuzo de iziphumo ziqale ukuvela. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, abantu baseTaurian abaluthandi utshintsho kuba uzinzo kunye nokuzinza zizinto ezibenza bonwabe.
Ngokukhawuleza ukuba bathathe isigqibo sokuba ngabahlobo nomntu, akukho mntu unokubabetha ngokuzinikela nokukhathalela. Nangona kunjalo, xa bengavumelani nabantu ababathandayo, banokuba neenkani kakhulu ekuguqukeni kweembono zabo.
Khetha ngabantu
Okukhona abantu baseTaurian basebenzisana kunye kwiinjongo ezifanayo, kokukhona baya kuba nakho ukuhambisa iintaba xa besebenza.
Kunokuthiwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo yobuhlobo phakathi kwababini baseTaurian konke malunga nokuba bobabini banyaniseke kangakanani na, kwanasekuqaleni konxibelelwano lwabo.
loluphi uphawu lwe-zodiac ngoJanuwari 10
Ke ngoko banokuba nobuhlobo obomeleleyo obuhlala ixesha elide. Bobabini intuthuzelo enothando, baya kusokola ukwenza amakhaya abo amkele bonke abahlobo babo.
AmaTaurians awavuli ngokukhawuleza kuba bakhetha abantu ebomini babo kwaye abayithembi ngokulula kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, bayakonwabela ukudibana nabantu abatsha kunye nokunxibelelana.
Ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na into esehlabathini, aba bantu bemvelo bakuthiyile ukuzicingela bodwa nokuzingca, esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni abaninzi befuna ukuba ngabahlobo babo. Bayakuthanda ukuchitha ixesha kunye nabathandekayo babo kunye nokuphuhlisa unxibelelwano olomeleleyo ngexesha.
indlela yokwenza nendoda enomhlaza
Kunzima kubo ukuba bathethe izinto ezininzi malunga nabo xa beqala ukudibana nomntu kuba bathanda nje ubuhlobo ukuba butyhileke ngexesha.
Kuluyolo lwabo ukudibana kancinci nomntu kwaye bafumane uninzi lweempawu zakhe zobuntu. Zininzi izinto ezintle ekunokuthethwa ngazo malunga nabantu baseTaurian, kodwa xa kuziwa kwiimpawu zabo ezimbi, banokuba neenkani kwaye bangavumi ukutshintsha izimvo zabo.
Ke ngoko, akukho mntu unokubenza batshintshe ingqondo yabo nje ukuba benze isigqibo. Ngaphaya koko, aba bemi bomthonyama abayithandi into xa izinto zisenzeka ngokwahlukileyo kunoko bebekucwangcisile kwaye bayayithiya imimangaliso.
Uninzi lwabahlobo babo kufuneka babe nomonde kubo kuba abazamkeli ngokulula iimeko ezintsha kwaye abavumi ukutshintsha izicwangciso zabo.
Ke ngoko, abantu baseTauri bathanda isiqhelo kwaye abanangxaki nokwenza into enye yonke imihla, iminyaka. Bathatha ulonwabo lokwenene ekutyeni kwiindawo zokutyela ezimnandi kwaye bazingcamle ezi wayini zintle, ke ubudlelwane babo bobuhlobo bunokujolisa ekuphumeni kwisidlo sasemini nakwizidlo zangokuhlwa.
Kubo, uyolo ibhulorho phakathi kwengqondo nomzimba. Ngapha koko, bayakuthanda ukuphonononga iinkcubeko ezintsha kunye nokuthetha nabantu abavela kwiikona ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi.
Xa bekunye nabahlobo, baya kundwendwela iindawo zokutyela ezininzi kwaye bonwabele ukutya kwelizwe lonke. AmaTaurian akasoze alibale ngomhla wokuzalwa, ngenxa yoko abahlobo babo bayayithanda kakhulu into yokuba banomdla.
Kwakhona, xa bafuna ukuthenga isipho somntu okhethekileyo, abanangxaki ngokuchitha ixesha elininzi bekhetha eyona nto ifanelekileyo. Yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba bakhe izinto ngezandla zabo ukuze nje bonwabe abantu ababathandayo kwisikhumbuzo.
Ubuhlobo obuzinzileyo
Uninzi luphethukela kubahlobo beTaurus ngenxa yokuba zizinzile kwaye zinokunika iingcebiso ezilungileyo. Akunakukhathalela ukuba imeko inzima kangakanani, bahlala bephantsi kwaye bajolise, oko kuthetha ukuba banokufumana izisombululo ezinkulu kwiingxaki, ngakumbi ngamaxesha oswele.
Abahlobo babo babajonga njengothembeke kakhulu kwaye banako ukunika isandla kuba bahlala bevavanya izinto ngokwembono ebonakalayo kwaye bahlala bethembekile kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, balindele ukuba abanye bazibophelele kubo kuba bethatha ubuhlobo kakhulu. Ke ngoko, abahlobo babo kufuneka bathembeke kwaye babe nombulelo njengabo.
Inkunzi ayinakuze ishiye umntu ngasemva emva kwengxabano kuba unebhongo ngozinzo kunye nokuzinikela okuchaza yena kubambiswano. Ke ngoko, abantu baseTaurians abanangxaki yokuba secaleni kwabanye ngamaxesha anzima.
Kunokuthiwa bazenzela abahlobo abagqwesileyo kwi-zodiac kuba bayayazi indlela yokumamela kwaye banike inkxaso yabo ngaphandle kwemiqathango.
Abathandekayo babo akufuneki bakhathazeke malunga nokushiya icala labo kuba oku akunakulindeleka ukuba kwenzeke. Ubuhlobo babo buzinzile kwaye abavumi ukuba baphenjelelwe yiyo nayiphi na ingxaki omnye wabahlobo babo anokuba nabo.
Ngapha koko, basebenza kakhulu kwaye banokunikela ngoncedo lwabo ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokwenene. I-Taurus inokuhlala icebisa ugqirha olungileyo, uthethe ngamathuba emali aphumeleleyo kunye nemisebenzi enomdla yokuphumla.
Aba bemi banoburharha kwaye bangakhathazeki ngokuqhula nabahlobo babo, ngakumbi ngexesha labo lesimahla. Kucetyiswa ukuba bazibandakanye nabo kwiziselo zewayini kunye nakwiindawo zokuphumla ze-spa kuba bephinda nje ulonwabo ngokuzonwabisa ngalo lonke ixesha.
Inyaniso yokuba baneenkani zingenza ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo bobabini bube buhlungu, kungoko ke kubonisiwe kubo ukuba bathathe nje ingqekembe xa kufuneka benze isigqibo. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba balwe ngezinto ezingenamsebenzi kwaye banganikezeli.
Ngesi sizathu, kufuneka bafunde indlela yokulalanisa, ngakumbi ukuba kunokwenzeka babe ngabahlobo abasenyongweni. Ayisiyiyo yokuba baya kunikezela omnye komnye ngenxa yengxabano, kodwa imeko eqhubekayo yexesha elingenakuze izise nantoni na elungileyo kwaye banokugqibela bebanda kakhulu omnye komnye.
yintoni umqondiso weenkwenkwezi ngoSeptemba
Ubuhlobo phakathi kweTaurus kunye neTaurus buya kuhlala buxabiswa kwaye bumonelwa ngabanye kuba buzinzile kwaye bunentsingiselo yokwenyani njengoko kungekho nxalenye ithanda inkwalambisa.
Abantu ababini baseTauriya banokuba nexesha elimnandi kunye, nokuba ngaba batya isidlo sangokuhlwa ekhaya okanye bathathe inxaxheba kumsitho obalulekileyo.
Phonononga ngakumbi
I-Taurus Njengomhlobo: Kutheni ufuna enye
Uphawu lweTaurus Zodiac: Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi


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Amapolisa alungiselela ubundlobongela obunokwenzeka kumngcwabo webhayisekile eSan Jose's Oak Hill Memorial Park ngoMgqibelo, kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokuba u-Hells Angel uSteve Tausan wadutyulwa kwakweli ngcwaba linye ngelixa wayeye kumngcwabo womnye umkhweli webhayisekile.
Nangona kunjalo, amalungu asekhaya e-Hells Angels anyanzelisa ukuba akuzubakho ngxaki xa benika imbeko yabo yokugqibela kumnyanzelisi odumileyo ovela kwiklabhu yaseSanta Cruz, athi amapolisa abulawe ngexesha lomlo nelungu le-Hells Angels laseSan Jose phambi kwamakhulu othukile. abazili.
Amalungu eklabhu yezithuthuthu edume kakubi athi akukho tywala phakathi kweeklabhu zegazi.
(Amapolisa) alindele imfazwe okanye i-cartel hit, utshilo uChristopher Hecht, umongameli weSanta Cruz isahluko seHells Angels. Kufuneka bayeke ukubukela ‘Oonyana Besiphithiphithi.’ Akukho kulwela igunya. Akusayi kubakho mfazwe yasemhlabeni ebuyela umva naphambili. Loo nto ingabulala into esikholelwa kuyo.
Sizomngcwaba ubhuti wethu siqhubeke nobomi.
Inkonzo yangoMgqibelo iya kuba sisimemo kuphela, kubandakanya usapho kunye nabahlobo abasenyongweni njengentsomi yebhola ekhatywayo uJim Brown.
Nangona kunjalo, isiphithiphithi kunye nobundlobongela bomngcwabo wokuqala busentsha ezingqondweni zoluntu - kunye namapolisa.
Ngaphezulu kwe-3,000 yeebhayisekile ezivela kwihlabathi lonke zehla kumangcwaba aseMzantsi San Jose kumngcwabo kaJeff Jethro Pettigrew Oct. kunye neqela leqela leVagos.
Njengoko inqwaba yamapolisa egade ngaphandle kwamangcwaba, umgca weebhayisekile ezinxibe ufele apho ukuze ubukele ujikeleze iChapel of Oaks iiyure. Kuthe kuqhushululu emva kwenkonzo, uTausan wadutyulwa wabulawa, umrhanelwa watyibilika.
Kweli tyeli, kulindeleke ukuba amapolisa amaninzi abe ejikeleza amangcwaba athe kratya.
Injongo yethu ngomngcwabo kaTausan kukuqinisekisa ukuba sisiganeko esikhuselekileyo kwaye siyaluphepha ubundlobongela obenzeke kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, utshilo obambeleyo uKapteni wamaPolisa uJeff Marozick, olawula imisebenzi ekhethekileyo yesebe.
Iimpawu zokuqala zomsindo
Ibilixesha legazi, elingazange libonwe ngaphambili kwaye libuhlungu kwilizwe elingekho mthethweni lebhayisekile yaseSouth Bay, eqala ngokubulawa kukaPettigrew kwikhasino yaseNevada, emva koko ukubulawa kukaTausan, kunye nokufa okubonakalayo okunganxulumananga kwelungu lesithathu leHells Angels kwingozi eSan Leandro. Ngeli xesha, iingelosi ezimbini zeSan Jose Hells zibanjwe kwezi ntsuku zidlulileyo ngezityholo ezibonakala zingahambelani. Kwaye ngoMgqibelo, amapolisa aseSan Jose atyhutyha indawo yaseStockton kumzamo ongaphumelelanga wokufumana uSteven Ruiz, umrhanelwa ekubulaweni kukaTausan.
U-Summer Pettigrew, intombi kaJetro, wayesondele kakhulu kuTausan, kwaye wayemazi noRuiz.
Andazi ukuba kutheni uyenzile, utshilo. Andiva nto, ndindisholo ngokupheleleyo. Andikwazi ukumzilela utata, kwaye ngoku andikwazi ukumzilela uSteve. Kuvakala ngathi yimuvi - imuvi embi kakhulu.
UJethro Pettigrew yayisisixeko esinexesha elide saseSan Jose osebenzisa izixhobo ezinzima okwaba ngumongameli weengelosi zeHells.
UTausan wayeyintsomi yee-Hells Angels, owayesakuba yimbethi-manqindi eyabulala indoda ngamanqindi kwiklabhu ye-Pink Poodle strip-waze wahamba xa ijaji yamkhulula emva kokuba ifuna ukuzikhusela. Ibheyile eboshwe ngebheyile yakhe yabonisa intatheli ngebhongo iifoto ezithile kwiselfowuni yakhe: uninzi lonyana wakhe omncinci, kunye nobuso obunegazi bendoda awayeyibulele.
Emva kokuba uPettigrew ebulewe, uTausan waqhekeka kangangokuba wakhala phambi kwabantu angabaziyo.
UTausan uxele kudliwanondlebe ekuqaleni kwale nyanga ukuba wayekhathazeke kakhulu kukuba umhlobo wakhe wakudala ngandlel’ ithile waphelela kwikhasino ezaliswe ziimbaleki zeVagos.
Ingcwaba kwindawo yolwaphulo-mthetho
Eminye imithombo ithe umsindo ubangele umlo obulalayo phakathi kukaTausan noRuiz kumngcwabo kaPettigrew. Ngexesha lomlo wamanqindi, uRuiz wakhupha umpu wadubula uTausan.
Emva kokudubula, umngcwabo waphuma kwimibhiyozo efakwe ibhiya kunye nengoma kaWillie Nelson ukuya kwiqela elothukileyo le-Hells Angels ehlamba izandla engcwabeni - isithethe seklabhu.
Esebenzisa iwaranti yokukhangela, amapolisa ngobo busuku agrumba ingcwaba-ezama ukubona ukuba ii-Hells Angels zinabo na ubungqina obufihliweyo malunga nokubulawa kukaTausan emdaka-okanye nomzimba kaRuiz, emva kokusasazeka kwelizwi lokuba abo bahamba ngebhayisekile banokuthi bakhuphe isohlwayo sabo. umrhanelwa ekubulaweni.
Abafumananga nto ngaphandle kwebhokisi emhlophe epeyintwe ngokwesiko kaPettigrew enamadangatye abomvu. UPhil Cross, igqala leHells Angels ilungu elisebenza njengomongameli wesahluko saseSan Jose kwaye ngoku ulilungu eSanta Cruz, ubize isenzo samapolisa njengophawu lokungahloneli.
Kwakungekho xesha laneleyo lokubeka umzimba kwelo ngcwaba, watsho uMnqamlezo.
Nangona bobabini babesemngcwabeni, uCross noHecht bobabini bathi babazi kancinci malunga nokudutyulwa kwamangcwaba. Nangona kunjalo, bazikhabile iziqikelelo zemfazwe yamakhaya ye-Hells Angels eyaqhambuka ngayo.
Sonke siyabathanda abazalwana bethu baseSan Jose, utshilo uHecht, njengoko uMnqamlezo wanqwala evuma. I-Hecht eyongeziweyo: Ngaphakathi kweeNgelosi ze-Hells, iimpazamo ezimbini azenzi okulungileyo.
Umfundisi uDick Bernal weJubilee Christian Centre, owayewazi omabini la madoda, uya kuchophela inkonzo kaTausan.
Kungekudala emva kokuba uTausan ebulewe, umfundisi wathumela kuTweet: Zininzi kakhulu iintliziyo ezaphukileyo kunye neentsapho ezisentlungwini … oku kufuneka kupheliswe … UThixo makasincede!
Qhagamshelana noSean Webby kwi-408-920-5003. Mlandele Twitter.com/seanwebby .


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Uphawu lweenkwenkwezi: Ibhokhwe . Olu phawu lwe-zodiac luthathelwa ingqalelo njengeliphembelela abo bazalwa nge-22 kaDisemba-nge-19 kaJanuwari, phantsi komqondiso weCapricorn zodiac. Kuyacetyiswa kwimeko yokuqina, evulekileyo kunye noxanduva lwaba bantu.
Inkqubo ye- IConstricorn Constellation ebonakalayo phakathi kwe + 60 ° ukuya -90 ° yenye yeenkwenkwezi ezili-12 zodiac. Inkwenkwezi yayo eqaqambe kakhulu yi-delta Capricorni ngelixa ligubungela ummandla we-414 sq degrees. Ibekwe phakathi kweSagittarius eNtshona kunye neAquarius eMpuma.
yintoni umhla we-22 septemba zodiac
Igama lesiLatin leBhokhwe, uphawu lwe-zodiac lwangoJanuwari 9 yiCapricorn. AmaSpanish ayibiza ngokuba yiCapricornio ngelixa amaFrentshi ayibiza ngokuba yiCapricorne.
Uphawu olwahlukileyo: Umhlaza. Olu phawu njengoluchaseneyo okanye olongezelelekileyo lweCapricorn lutyhila ubunyani kunye nokucinga kwaye lubonisa indlela ezi mpawu zimbini zineenjongo ezifanayo ebomini kodwa zifikelela kubo ngokwahlukileyo.
Ngo-1950 unyaka we-zodiac yamaTshayina
Isimo sokuziphatha: Ikhadinali. Oku kubonisa ukuba ingakanani inoveli kunye nobushushu obukhoyo kubomi babo bazalwe ngoJanuwari 9 kwaye balungile kangakanani na ngokubanzi.
Indlu elawulayo: Indlu yeshumi . Esi sithuba sobuhlobo, ubuzali kunye nokuxhotyiswa. Ihlala inxulumene nokukhangelwa kwekhondo kunye nazo zonke iindima zethu zobungcali ebomini. Icebisa inani lamadoda abethabileyo kwaye achumileyo eCapricorn ajolise phezulu.
Umzimba olawulayo: ISaturn . Olu nxibelelwano lubonisa intshukumo kunye nolonwabo. Ikwabonisa ukuthembeka kubomi baba bantu. ISaturn yenye yeeplanethi ezisixhenxe zakudala ezibonakalayo kwiliso lenyama.
Isiqalelo: Umhlaba . Eli qela libumba izinto ngamanzi nangomlilo kwaye libandakanya nomoya. Iimpawu zomhlaba ezizalwe phantsi komqondiso we-9 we-zodiac kaJanuwari ziyahlulwa, bayazithemba kwaye banobuntu.
loluphi uphawu ngoJanuwari 2
Usuku lwethamsanqa: uMgqibelo . Le mini yeveki ilawulwa nguSaturn efuzisela imikhwa nengatyhilwanga. Ibonakalisa imeko eqhutywa ngabantu baseCapricorn kunye nokuhamba okumnandi kolu suku.
Amanani anethamsanqa: 1, 7, 11, 14, 25.
Imotto: 'Ndisebenzisa!'Ulwazi oluthe kratya ngoJanuwari 9 Zodiac ngezantsi ▼


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Isantya
Isantya ngumgama ohanjwa yinto ngexesha elithile nelibekiweyo. Isantya ngumlinganiselo obonakalisa okokuba ingaba into ihamba ngokukhawuleza kangakanani na. Umyinge wokuhamba kwesantya sento ngelo xesha limisiweyo ngumgama ohamjwa yiloo nto uze ducukucezwe okanye wohlulwahlulwe ngexesha.
Ukufumana isantya [tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
Isantya sifumaneka ngo-,
apho ke u- ungumgama aze yena u- abelixesha elichithiweyo.
Ii-units zomlinganiselo wesantya[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
Zininzi ii-units zomlinganiselo wesantya. Umzekelo, isantya sokuhamba kwento singalinganiswa ngee
- imayile ngeyure (mph),
- khilomitha ngeyure (km/h)
- mitha ngomzuzwana (m/s), noyi-SI-unit yesantya.
Ukutshintsha isantya[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
Xa into itshintsha isantya, ihamba ngokukhawuleza okanye chu kancinane.Ukuba siyanda isantya sento ethile, kuthiwa xa ibizwa yi-acceleration. Ukuba into iya ihamba kancinane, size isantya sinciphe, ibizwa ngokuba yideceleration, okanye i-negative acceleration.
Amanye amaphepha azalana nala[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
- I-Velocity
- I-Momentum
- I-Quantum mechanics
- I-Metric system


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Iziko Lokuthengisa Umsebenzi oyilo olungileyo uya kuvusa iimvakalelo zabantu. Umyili uyileqa imemori yesitayile sesiko kwaye ubeka amava amatsha kulwakhiwo lobuhle bendalo kunye nekamva. Iholo yokuntywila yemo engqongileyo Ukuba kuyo akukhona nje ukubuyela kwindalo, kodwa kunye nohambo olunenzuzo.
Igama leprojekthi : Feiliyundi, Igama labayili : Weimo Feng, Igama lomthengi : MOD.
Olu loyilo lubalaseleyo luphumelele ibhaso lokuyilwa kweplatinam kwimidlalo yokudlala, imidlalo kunye nokhuphiswano loyilo lweemveliso zokuzonwabisa. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone iplatinam yoyilo lweepotifoliyo yoyilo lokufumanisa ezinye izinto ezintsha, ezintsha, izinto zokuqala zokudlala kunye nemidlalo yoyilo.


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ityhubhu edityanisiweyo yentsimbi eqaqambileyo
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Iithegi zeMveliso
Uvavanyo lwabathengi
Umgangatho wemathiriyeli ekrwada uzinzile kwaye uthembekile, ubusoloko uhambelana neemfuno zenkampani yethu ukubonelela ngeempahla ezinomgangatho ohlangabezana neemfuno zethu.
Indlela yokulawula imveliso igqityiwe, umgangatho uqinisekisiwe, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nenkonzo ukuvumela ukusebenzisana kube lula, kugqibelele!
Iingxaki zinokusonjululwa ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo, kuyafaneleka ukuthembana nokusebenza kunye.


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Dating for umtshato, Dating
century ngu enxulumene ne-omtsha ulwazi ubudala
imiba oluntu ubomiPersonal ubomi akukho okukodwa. Ukuba akunjalo, ezinzima, lo real ithuba ukuhlangabezana umntu for free. Uyavuma, i abahlali Izhevsk musa deviate ukususela Jikelele ngokwesiqu zanamhla abantu, umzekelo, bechitha uninzi ixesha labo bonke phezu kwehlabathi.
Nakuba kunjalo, kuya kukunceda kakhulu ke a zama
A Dating site kuba ezinzima budlelwane ngokupheleleyo simahla kuya kusinceda significantly yandisa yakho chances intlanganiso kuye kabini. Kwaye nkqu ukuba akukwazeki ukufumana uthando, uza ngokuqinisekileyo fumana umdla abantu chatting, real iintlanganiso apha kwaye real abantu ujonge, mhlawumbi uza kufumana oko kuwe. Thumela friendship ad, uzalise ifomu, baze bafumane uthando lwakho.


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Kuyabonakala ukuba indoda yale mihla ikhala esidlangalaleni kathathu ngaphezulu kukayise, ke sathetha nabambalwa babo malunga ne-blubbing.
Okunye
Sizamile imidlalo esemgangathweni efana 'neeCunt Wars', 'iSmutstone' kunye ne 'Fap Titans' ke akufuneki.
Umdlalo womntwana okanye ubuhlanga bobukoloniyali?
Nabani na ongaphosanga 'amore' okanye 'cari' akazange aphose ilitye lokuqala.
Umbhali wethu wayefuna nje ukuba umhlambo wakhe uphululwe kwaye wagqibela ngokuhlawulela umsebenzi wesandla. Ngaba usisoka ngoku?
Ndingumlandeli omkhulu we-Wu, kodwa ubudlelwane bam no-Ghostface Killah bahlala bunzima ngokuba uyinto encinci.
Sithethile 'neStallion yaseNtaliyane', otyhutyha izizukulwana ezine zoononophala, malunga noxwebhu olutsha oluchaza ngobomi bakhe obude kunye nepenisi ende.
Ngokungaqhelekanga, ndiyaziqhenya. Ndiyayithanda imvakalelo yokwanda kwilungu lobufazi. '
Ukusuka ekujongeni ukuya kubuchwephetsha ngezandla, zonke izinto zingundoqo 'kwi-blowjob' elungileyo.
Qaphela: ubungakanani bepenisi buncinci xa ingesosiphumo sokuzivavanya.
Lixesha lokuba silwe nelungelo ngokuhlasela iindawo ezingaselunxwemeni zerhafu nokwenza isinyanzeliso.
IiJuts kuba akukho mntu ufuna ukulala ecaleni kwakho, oko akuthethi ukuba awunakuba nakho ukuqhuma.
Uhambo ngencasa yembali yezona klasikhi zaziwayo zekrisimesi eColombia.
Umncinci kwaye ukhululekile kubuKomanisi baseRomania - iifoto ezivela kwiiNtaba zeCarpathia kwii-70s
Injalo le mimandla, kwaye namapolisa afihlakeleyo awalahlekanga.
Ngosuku olushushu, ngamanye amaxesha ipenis inokuhamba ivumba njengokubila kwendalo iye kunuka okomgqomo wenkunkuma.
Sijonga emva kubomi bendoda eyenze imivundla yesini.
Ibali leTila Horse, eyaziwayo njengoPeter the Eel.
YONKE INTO 'YI-HOTLINE BLING!'
Isithuthuthu awasisebenzisa uJoaquín Guzmán ukuba abaleke etoneleni awayebaleka ngaso entolongweni sesinye sezixhobo ezazisetyenziswa ngoJulayi 11 nguEl Señor de los Túneles
NjengoJay noSilent Bob ukuba babengamawele afanayo kwaye babedlala intombazana enye ngalo lonke ixesha.


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Kula maqela apho sisohlwaya isisu kancinci ngokutya nokusela okugqithisileyo, kunyanzelekile ukubhengeza amaxesha ngamaxesha kukutya okusinika amanzi, kusinika iivithamini kunye neeminerals kwaye oko kugaya kwaye kuhlambulula. Ukuba kukho enye ehlangabezana nale mfuno, yinanin.
Iphayinaphu sisiqhamo esikho unyaka wonke kwintengiso. Into enokusikhathaza xa uyithatha kukuyixobula nokusika. Kuya kufuneka usike isikhumba esomeleleyo esinaso kwaye uhambe ngaphezulu kwempuphu yee-skewers ezishiyeke kakuhle kuqweqwe. Nje ukuba usike izilayi, kuya kufuneka uyidimaze.
Njengoko besitsho, njengoko sinxiba, siyanxiba. Ke ngoko, xa sithatha isigqibo sokuqala iipinapile, Kungcono ukucwangcisa ezimbalwa kwaye uzilungiselele ukuze zigcinwe kwaye zilahlwe okwethutyana. Le yimeko yepinapple kwisiraphu, esinokonwabela le Krisimesi ngedizethi kwaye ke oko kusinceda ukuba senze ukwetyisa ngcono kwaye sikhanyise imenyu kancinci.
Kuyinyani ukuba Iziqhamo kwisiraphu ziqulathe iikhalori ezingaphezulu kwaye zilahlekelwe zezinye zeempawu zazo ngenxa yokuthobela ubushushu, kodwa ukuba amaxesha ngamaxesha abantwana bakhetha ukuthatha iziqhamo ngale ndlela imnandi nengaphezulu, wamkelekile.
Ukulungisa uphayinaphu kwisiraphu sikhetha iziqwenga ezivuthiweyo kwaye kuya kufuneka sibenazo iingqayi inzaloOko kukuthi, ibilisiwe ingatyhilwanga kangangesiqingatha seyure. Iziciko, ngokwahlukeneyo, kufuneka zenziwe iintsholongwane.
Silungisa iinxalenye zepinapple kwaye sizilinganise. Sithatha ubunzima obufanayo besiqhamo njengeswekile.
Esipanini sifaka iphayinaphu kunye nejusi yelamuni. Sigubungela ngamanzi kwaye sibilise imizuzu embalwa.
Sijika ipayinapile kwaye sigcine.
Ngale iswekile namanzi, lungiselela isiraphu, uyipheke malunga nemizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu. Sifaka ipayinapile kwaye nje ukuba iqale ukubilisa siyayisusa. Vumela ukupholisa kwaye ugcwalise izimbiza ngamanqatha ephayinaphu uze udibanise nesiraphu.
Ukuba ufuna ukunkonkxa ngeinanapple kwisiraphu siya kuzalisa inzala kwakhona. Sigquma iingqayi kwaye sizipheke sijongise ezantsi emanzini ebhafu kangangesiqingatha seyure. Vumela ukupholisa kwaye kunjalo.
Umfanekiso: Ukusuka egadini ukuya emnyango, Iilekese ezimnandi, Ukupheka


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Umphetho wokutywina:
esi siganeko sihlala sivela kwi-PVC ekhenkcezayo, ngenxa yeempawu eziphathekayo, ucinezelo olushushu olugqithisileyo
Isisombululo:
Ngolu hlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo, ixesha lokutywinwa lokutywinwa liphindwe kabini, ulawulo lwamandla onyawo lwabasebenzi lukhona, kwaye ukuphindaphinda kokuhlolwa komgangatho kunyuswa.
Ukulungiswa komda ongalinganiyo:
kuba itywina lisikwa ngesandla ngabasebenzi, ukutywinwa okungalinganiyo okanye izakhono zabasebenzi ezingaqhelekanga ziya kukhokelela kulungiso olungalinganiyo.
Isisombululo:
Bonke abasebenzi benkampani baphumeza abasebenzi abakhethekileyo ukwenza umsebenzi okhethekileyo, ukulawula umgangatho ongqongqo, ukuhlolwa okukhethekileyo ngaphambi kokupakishwa.
Ingxaki yobunzima begram:
ingxaki yomatshini wokuzalisa, impazamo yemveliso yolwelo ngokubanzi 5G, impazamo yemveliso yebead 10G
Isisombululo:
Umatshini wokuzalisa ulungiswa rhoqo kwaye imveliso nganye yokuzalisa ilinganiswe.
Ukuguquguquka kwezinto zangaphakathi:
ukunyanzeliswa komoya wezinto zangaphandle ngokwazo kukhokelela ekuguqukeni kwezinto zangaphakathi, ukunciphisa ubunzima beegram.Ukuguquguquka kwemveliso ye-TPU yeyona nto ikhawulezayo, i-EVA yeyesibini, ukuguquguquka kwesihlobo se-PVC yeyona nto icothayo (usuku olunye lwesikweri lunokutshintsha i-4G).Ukuba ibhegi ye-OPP, ukupakishwa kwe-PE yibhegi elungileyo yokutywina.
Ingxaki yombala:
yahlulahlulwe ngombala woshicilelo: isikrini soshicilelo lwe-inki ithoni amaxesha amaninzi ubungakanani betoni eyahlukileyo kancinane iya kukhokelela kumbala woshicilelo, ukusilela komatshini wokushicilela we-UV kuya kukhokelela kwiingxaki zoshicilelo, ukungafihli kwePVC kuya kubangela umbala woshicilelo.
Isisombululo:
inkqubo yoshicilelo lwekhusi ifuna amaxesha amaninzi ombala, ixesha ngalinye liya kwenza uthelekiso lokuqala lwesampulu;Ukuhlolwa rhoqo komatshini we-UV, inkqubo yokuhlola umgangatho ukuqinisa ukuhlolwa, ukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza ngokuhambelana ngokungqongqo kunye nebhetshi efanayo yolawulo lombala ofanayo.
Umahluko wombala wemathiriyeli yangaphakathi:
kukho izizathu ezibini zomahluko wombala: isampuli yokuqala iya kuba tyheli emva kwexesha elide, nto leyo ekhokelela kwizithako ezimbi zempahla eninzi kunye nokwahlukana kombala obonakalayo weemveliso ezihambelanayo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuthumela isampuli esayiniweyo kwakhona ngaphambi kokuveliswa kwakhona. .
Isibini:
ibhetshi efanayo yezinto zangaphakathi, ngenxa yokusebenza ngokungafanelekanga kwabasebenzi, okubangelwa izithako ezahlukeneyo, esi sisombululo sokuqinisa ukuhlolwa komgangatho.
Ukuvuza:
ukwenza kunye nokutywinwa akunamandla okubangela ukuvuza kwemveliso: isisombululo: okokuqala fumana i-abrasive kufuneka ihlaziywe kwaye emva koko ubungqina okanye ukuveliswa kwempahla enkulu;Ukuhlolwa kwesampulu yesiqingatha seyure kwinkqubo yokubumba, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokuzalisa ngokubanzi kunye nompu womoya ovuthuzayo;Ukuzalisa kwakhona isiqingatha seyure ukujonga indawo, uvavanyo loxinzelelo;Itafile yokupakisha inokuhlolwa ngesandla.
Ukungunda:
akukho milinganiselo yogcino okanye ukukhanya kwezithinteli
Isisombululo:
umzi-mveliso wethu awukhange ubonakale uneengxaki ezinjalo, sinenkqubo yawo ekhethekileyo yokuhlola ukungunda!


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Ukubaluleka kokufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye noVavanyo lweMemori
Uvavanyo olusemthethweni lweklinikhi ukuvavanya nokuphucula imisebenzi yokuqonda.
Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunye novavanyo lwe-intanethi lokuqonda okungaphezulu kweMpilo yoBuchule bomntu.
Kwi-MemTrax, sikholelwa ukuba kukho indlela engcono yokufikelela kwimpilo yengqondo. Indlela exabiseke ngakumbi, engaphazamisiyo apho abantu baxelelwe kwaye bafundiswe endaweni yokuphoxeka nokungahoywa. Siyithanda kakhulu loo nto, kwaye injongo yethu kukunceda abantu bayifezekise. Sigxila kwimemori ye-intanethi kunye novavanyo lokuqonda. Yenye yezona zinto zingaqondwa kancinci kwaye zingacacanga ngokuguga, kwaye sibona oko njengethuba: Siyavuya ukwenza lula uvavanyo lwenkumbulo kuye wonke umntu ngesoftware yethu, imfundo kunye noluntu.
Ugqirha woPhando kunye noVavanyo lweNgcaciso
UGqr Ashford waqala ukunika uvavanyo lwememori ye-MemTrax kwi-1988 kwiYunivesithi yase-Southern Illinois, esebenzisa i-slide show carousel ukuze iprojekthi yemifanekiso yemifanekiso eludongeni kwaye icele ababekho ukuba banike ingxelo xa bebona umfanekiso ophindaphindiweyo ngepensile kunye nephepha. Wayetyelela amakhaya abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi nakwiindawo ezihlala abantu abadala. ukwabelana ngolwazi kunye nokulawula i-MemTrax kwisethingi yeqela elikhulu kunye nabaphulaphuli bakhe bebukele izilayidi. Abasebenzisi bokuqala beMemTrax bangabhala phantsi ukuba bawubonile okanye abawubonanga umfanekiso ophindayo besebenzisa ipensile nekhadi lamanqaku ephepha. Leyo yayiyinguqulelo yokuqala yovavanyo lweMemTrax. Ngoku yonke into yenziwe kwi-intanethi; uvavanyo, amanqaku, kunye nonikezelo lweziphumo ngokulandelelana.
Siqhubekile nokuphuhlisa uvavanyo ngokubambisana ukubandakanya ii-algorithms ezahlukeneyo ukukhetha ngokungakhethi iiseti zeodolo ezahlukeneyo kunye neeseti zemifanekiso ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zimvavanyo ezimbini zeMemTrax ezifanayo. Olu hlobo luguquguqukayo lwenze iMemTrax yaba yeyokuqala kwi-intanethi uvavanyo lweememori enokuvavanya inkumbulo ngokuchanekileyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye rhoqo, ngomlinganiselo othembekileyo wokuvavanya kwakhona.
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2. I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide engaqhelekanga (NMN)
3. INicotinamide Mononucleotide kunye neNAD +
4. Uphando olutsha lweNicotinamide Mononucleotide Umsebenzi kwiimicebe
5. Iinzuzo ezivela eNicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN)
6. Ngaba i-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (i-NMN) Ngokwenene isebenzelana nabantu?
7. Indlela yokusebenzisa iNicotinamide Mononucleotide (i-NMN) Ukulwa nokuguga?
8. I-Effect Side Of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Okumele Uyazi
9. Ndingayifumana phi i-Anti-Aging Drugs-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN)?
10. isishwankathelo
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WikipediaI-database ehlonishwa kakhulu evela kumaZiko ezeMpilo eSizwe
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intshayelelo
Ukukhula ubudala akuphepheki. Nangona kunjalo, kunokukwazi ukuguqula inkqubo yokuguga usebenzisa Nicotinamide Mononucleotide. Gcina amahashe akho kuba ndiya kukunika ulwazi olunzulu malunga nendlela umlingo osebenza ngayo ngaphakathi kweeseli zomntu.
Izinwele ezimhlophe zilingana nobulumko!
Le nkolelo mhlawumbi iyona nto ingcono kakhulu enokuthetha ngayo enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukumamatheka kwakho kuya kuba mfutshane xa uqala ukuphawula imibimbi yonkena. Ngaphezu koko, ukuguga kuyathinta imisebenzi yomzimba kunye nengqiqo.
Masijongane nayo. Inkqubo ye- ukuguga Iikhrim zobuso kunye notyando lwezithambiso ziyinto kule nkulungwane ye-smart. Into ekufuneka uyazi kukuba ezi nkqubo zexesha elifutshane kwaye zinokubangela iziphumo ezibi.Ngokwenyani, kuya kufuneka ulwe nokuguga ngokuqala uqonde iinkqubo zeseli kunye ne-physiological edlala indima kwiimeko ezinxulumene neminyaka. Emva koko, kuba lula ukufumanisa iindlela zokulwa ne-senescence. I-anti-aging Nicotinamide Mononucleotideworks ukubuyisela ubutsha.
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Sonke sifuna ukudala ngobubele, kunene? Ewe, oku kuyenzeka kungabonakali xa umzimba wakho uqhubeka u buthathaka, kwaye ugqiba ube ngumtsalane kuzo zonke iintlobo zesifo senhliziyo, i-Alzheimer, ukulahlekelwa kwememori kunye nokunye.
Ummangaliso weNicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN)
Ngoko, yiyiphi into echasene nayo malunga neNicotinamide Mononucleotide? Makhe ndicacise.
I-NMN ikhona kwiintlobo zombini ze-alpha (a) kunye neefayili ze-beta (B). Nangona kunjalo, i-B-NMN ifom ephezulu kakhulu. Le nucleotide ye-bioactive iphakathi kwe-biosynthesis ye-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide okanye i-NAD +.
Eli qulunqa ngokwemvelo likhona kumagcado, utamatisi, ikhukhamba, i-cabbages, i-broccoli kunye nenkomo yenkomo eluhlaza. Kwilabhoratri, ifumaneka njenge-nicotinamide mononucleotide i-powder bulk.
Ngendlela yayo eluhlaza, ichonga inombolo yeCAS, 1094-61-7. Ikhompawundi ivela kwimpendulo phakathi kwe-nucleoside, efana ne-nicotinamide riboside kunye neqela le-phosphate.Uvavanyo lwe-preclinical, i-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide esebenza kwimichiza ibonakale ixhaphakile kwimisebenzi yeselula yezinto eziphilayo, ukuphathwa kwesifo se-Alzheimer, isifo sikashukela esinesidala, ubunzima obubangelwa ukukhuluphala, kunye ne-cardioprotection. Ngaphandle kwazo zonke ezo zinto zonyango ezihambisana neNicotinamide Mononucleotide, ukufumanisa okubaluleke kakhulu kukubandakanya ekusebenziseni ukuguga.
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Emzimbeni womntu, i-NMN ngumthombo oyintloko wamandla ngaphakathi kweeseli. Njengoko uneminyaka ubudala, amandla eselula ayancipha ngenxa yamanqanaba aphantsi ka-nicotinamide mononucleotide kunye nokuncipha kweNAD +. Ukulawula i-NMN iya kuguqula inkqubo kwaye ihlawule ilahleko.
(1) I-NMN imangalisa njani?
La machiza alwa ukuguga ahamba njengombane ukusuka emathunjini aye ekujikelezeni kwegazi. Kwimizuzu embalwa, ziya kuthathwa ziye kungena egazini. Ngesi sizathu, kuyacaca ukuba akunakubakho naziphi na iimpendulo ze-biochemical ezenzeka kwindlela yeemolekyuli.
Isantya esididayo senze ukuba abaphandi bagqibe ngokubakho komthuthi, oququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwamafutha eseli. Umzekelo, u-Imai kunye nabahlobo bakhe bazimisele ukufumana impendulo ngophando lwakutsha nje olupapashwe ngoJanuwari 7, 2019.
Ngokuguga, umzimba usebenzisa i-NAD + ngakumbi kunokuba unokwenza. Nangona usebenzisa i-nicotinamide mononucleotide, inkqubo iya kuhlala iyinkcitha xesha ixesha elide ukuba akukho molekyuli yokunceda ukuthuthwa kwayo. Qhubeka uskrola ukutyhila umhambisi ongaqondakaliyo oza kusombulula iipesenti ezingama-90 zeengxaki zokuguga.
(2) I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide I-Formula yeZakhiwo
(3) Iinkcukacha zeNicotinamide Mononucleotide
INicotinamide Mononucleotide kunye neNAD +
bobabini INicotinamide Mononucleotide kunye neNAD + zii-biomarker eziphawulekayo ekuhambisweni kwamafutha.
I-NMN iphakathi kwe-biosynthesis yeNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (i-NAD +). I-substance isebenza njenge-substrate ze-enzyme ezithile ezifana ne-nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, eguqulela kwi-NAD + emzimbeni womntu. Kwihlazo, eli qulunqa litshintsha kwi-nicotinamide. Emva koko, ihambelana nesinye isenzo esithintekayo sokubandakanya i-nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) eyenza i-NMN.
Ezi molekyuli ezimbini zidibeneyo kangangokuthi ukungabikho kwanoma yimuphi kubo kuya kubachaphazela omnye. Thatha, umzekelo, xa amanqanaba e-NMN awela ngaphantsi, mhlawumbi ngenxa yohlengahlengiso, ubuninzi be-NAD + buya kunqamuka.
Njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, imisebenzi ethile ye-enzymatic idla ukudla i-NAD + ngaphezu kokuba umzimba unokwenza umbane. Iiritini, i-NADase, kunye ne-poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inxalenye yeenzyme, ezitshisa i-NAD + ekhokelela ekugqibeleni kwayo.Nangona kunjalo, ukuhla kwe-fuel fuel is not random. Thatha, umzekelo, impendulo ye-enzymatic equka i-PARP incedo ekulungiseni i-DNA eyonakalisiweyo. Kwakhona, iiritini zidlala indima ephawulekayo ekuphuculeni i-cell metabolism.
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Nangona kukho ubudlelwane be-pharmacological phakathi kwezi zimbini ze-biomarkers, awunakuze ulawule ngqo i-NAD + kwinkqubo. Ngendlela enokwenzeka ngayo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azinakulunga. Umzekelo, idosi ephezulu ibonakaliswa kukudinwa, unxunguphalo kunye nokulala. Ngaphezu koko, ikhompawundi ayinakugqobhoza kwi-membrane ye-plasma.
(1) Indlela yokuNciphisa
The iNicotinamide Mononucleotide yokugugaiyafumaneka njengeziyobisi zomlomo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwayo ngokusebenzisa udonga lwamanzi kunye nendlela yokujikeleza iqala malunga nemizuzu emithathu. 15th min, yonke iyakunyuswa. Isifundo esibanzi esenziwe nguImai kunye nabaphandi asebenza nabo baqinisekisa ukuba kukho iprotein ekhawulezisa eli nqanaba lokufunxa ngokukhawuleza.
Xa kufakwa kwiifom, i-NMN iguqulela kwi-NAD + ukuze igcinwe kakuhle. Inkqubo ye-metabolism inokuthatha i-half-hour. Uxinzelelo lwe-NAD + luxhaphakile kwiisiphako zomzimba, i-white adipose tissue, isibindi kunye ne-cortex. Nangona kunjalo, ukulawula kwexesha elide likaNicotinamide Mononucleotide kwenyuka izinga le-NAD + kwezinye izitho ezifana nezicubu ezibomvu ze-adipose.
(2) NMN Biosynthetic Pathways
Ngaphakathi kweeseli zamammalia, kukho iindlela ezintathu ezihlukeneyo zokuhlawulela i-NAD +.
①IDe Novo Pathway
I-De Novo igama elithiLain, elisentsingiselo "ukususela ekuqaleni." Lapha, i-nucleotides ivela kwi-tryptophan okanye i-nicotinic acid, eyona ivela kwi-NMN-rich riches.
Kule ndlela, ukulandelelana komsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo kukukhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-nicotinic acid mononucleotide, i-nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-NAD + ekulindeleke kakhulu. U-De Novo uvelisa malunga ne-15% yamanqwanqwa eselula.
②I-Salvage Pathway
Apha, indlela ibuyisela i-nucleosides kwiimeko apho i-DNA ihla. I-akhawunti engaphezu kwe-80% ye-NAD epheleleyo, efuna ukuba umzimba womntu ufune imisebenzi yamaselula. Indlela yokusebenzisa i-nicotinic acid kunye ne-nicotinamide ukwenza i-NAD + entsha.
I-Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase ikhawuleza ukubunjwa kwe-nicotinic acid mononucleotide kwi-nicotinic acid. Emva koko, i-nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase i-1 ivuselela i-adenylation yomkhiqizo ophumela kwi-nicotinic acid adenine mononucleotide, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yi-NAD +.
Umsebenzi weNMN ebantwini uxhomekeke kule ndlela.
③Ukuguqulwa kweNR
I-Nicotinamide Riboside ingenye i-NAD + ngaphambili. Kwi-phosphorylation phambi kwe-nicotinamide riboside kinase, i-biomarker ivelisa i-NMN phambi kokuba iqhube enye inguqulelo ye-enzymatic ibe yi-NAD +.
Imbali ye-NAD + kunye ne-NMN kuPhando
Kule minyaka, isifundo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweyeza kwe-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kunye nabangaphambili bayo babephuthele. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ezi zokuncedisa ukuguga ziye zabanjwa ngokubanzi kuphando ukususela phakathi kwe-1900s.Kwi-1906, abaphengululi bokuqala baxela ukuba i-NAD + ikhawuleza isantya sokuvumba. Emva koko, ezinye i-biochemists zalandelelana ngokuzihlukanisa njenge-nucleotide.
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Ngophando lwakhe kwi-1937, uConrad Elvehjem wafumanisa ukuba i-nicotinamide kunye ne-nicotin ayimivithamini kunye nabangaphambili beNAD +. Kamva, wafumanisa ukuba ezi zimbini zinganciphisa i-pellagra kwizinja. Isizathu kukuba amazinga we-nicotinic acid kunye ne-nicotinamide ayengaphantsi kwezona zinto zijongene nabantu abanesifo.
Ngomnyaka we-1963, iqela lezenzululwazi laqulunqa ukuba iNicotinamide Mononucleotide isebenza kwiigundane ziya kuvuselela i-enzyme ezixhomekeke kwi-DNA, ezazibalulekile ekuphuculeni imisebenzi yamaselula. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, abanye abaphandi bazisa i-NAD + iindlela ze-biochemical ezibandakanya i-tryptophan kunye ne-nicotinic acid.
Ukususela ngoko, i-biochemists baye baqhubeka benomdla kwi-NMN kunye ne-NAD + yophando. Kulo xesha, ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kukubaluleka kwezi iziyobisi eziguga kwixesha elide kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki ezinxulumene neminyaka.
Uphando olutsha lweNicotinamide Mononucleotide Umsebenzi kwiimicebe
Kukho izifundo ezingapheliyo ezinqamlekileyo kwiimodeli zengqungquthela ezibonisa iingenelo zokwelapha zikaNicotinamide Mononucleotide (1094-61-7).
Makhe sigxininise kwiimbalwa ezimbalwa, eziye zaba nefuthe lokuguquka kwi-biochemistry.
(1) Ngokutsho kweSinclair, i-NAD + ngumthombo woLutsha
UDkt. Sinclair kunye nabalingane bakhe baye bapapasha amanqaku amaninzi malunga nophando lwe-nicotinamide mononucleotide kunye ne-NAD + ekuguquleni ukuguga. Ngokwe-2013 uphando lwakhe, iSinclair kunye neqela lifumanisa ukuba i-22-inyanga ezindala zithatha i-NMN kwiintsuku ezintandathu zibonise ukuphucula umthambo, amandla kunye nokunyamezela.
Kamva kwiphepha lophando lwe-2016, iqela liqinisekisile ukuba i-NMN ineenzuzo ezifanayo njengokusebenzisa. Kunokuba usebenze kwi-treadmill imihla ngemihla, usenokuba nempembelelo efanayo xa usebenzisa i-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide.
Ngokwale Harvard Geneticist, i I-NMN isebenza kumntu iqhubela phambili ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kwegazi kubadlali abadala kunye nabadlali abakhulu.
(2) Iifutha ziqinisekisa ukuba i-NMN iyanciphisa ukuhla kwePhysiological kwi-Ping Aging
Ngokubhekiselele kwisifundo se-2016, iMills et al. ifumanise ukuba unyango lwe-NMN lunokuchasana nokwehla kokubini kwi-physiological and immunological function kwiimpuku ezindala. Ekupheleni kolu phando longezelelo lwe-NMN, iigundane zibhalise ukwanda kwinkcazo yeeseli zomzimba, ukwanda kwe-lymphocytic, kunye nokuncipha kwi-neutrophils.
Ngaphambili, kwi-2011, iMills, Yoshino, kunye no-Imai basebenzise iimodeli zeempuku ukuqinisekisa indima ye-NAD + kunyango lweswekile esibangelwa kukutya kunye nobudala. Kwesinye isifundo se-2016, wajoyina izandla nabanye abaphandi abaqinisekisa ukuba ukuxhaswa kwe-NMN kuya kulwa noxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo kwiimpuku ezindala.
(3) Izifo ze-Alzheimer's Combats (AD) kwiModeli yaseMurine
Ngo-2015, ixesha elide et al. iphande isiphumo se-NMN kwingqondo yokuphefumla ngokusilela ekuphefumuleni kwiimpuku ezinesifo se-Alzheimer's. Iqela liqaphele ukuba unyango lwe-NMN lukwazile ukunyanga i-etiology ye-AD, kubandakanya ne-OCR ephantsi (amaxabiso okusetyenziswa kweoksijini), ukuwa kweNAD, kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwemitochondria.
Ngo-2016, uWang kunye noogxa bakhe bapapasha uphando lwabo, bagqiba kwelokuba ezi ukuguga iziyobisi zilwa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye ne-neural, okukhokelela kwi-B-amyloid (AB) oligomer. Le protein ye-AB ine-neurotoxic kwaye inoxanduva lokwenziwa kwamacwecwe kwingqondo yezigulana ze-AD. UWang et al. uqukumbele ukuba ulawulo lwe-NMN kwiimpuku kukhokelele ekunciphiseni kwee-oligomers, ngaloo ndlela kukonyusa imisebenzi yokuqonda.Ukulandela ucwaningo lwe-2017, uHo kunye nabalingane bakhe bafumanisa ukuba i-NAD + yongezelela imveliso ye-oligomers ye-B-amyloid. Ngomnyaka kamva, uYao kunye neqela lakhe baqulunqa ukuba iNicotinamide Mononucleotide inciphisa ukuqokelela kwe-AB kunye nokulahleka kwe-synaptic kwi-AD-Tg imizekelo ye-murine.
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(4) NMN kunye neCardio-protection
Ngokwoshicilelo luka-2014 luka-Yamamoto kunye noogxa bakhe, I-NMN ikhusela intliziyo ekonzakaleni kwe-ischemic kunye nokuphinda isetyenziswe. Phambi kolu phononongo, u-Yamamoto wayeyinxalenye yeqela le-2012, elafumanisa ukuba i-NAD + ibala ukutyeba okubangelwa kukutya kakhulu kwiimpuku.
Ngo-2016, uDe Picciotto et al. kwaye oogxa bakhe be-biochemist bafunda isiphumo sokwengeza kwe-NMN ekusebenzeni kweethambo kweempuku ezigugayo. Ukusuka kulwazi, i-nicotinamide mononucleotide yangqineka iyasebenza ekubuyiseni ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo, uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative, kunye nokwehla kwe-elastin.
(5) Ukufumanisa kwiNdlela entsha ye-Cell Fuel Ukunikezwa nguShin-Ichiro Imai
Kuphando lwakutshanje, iqela lezenzululwazi ezikhokelwa ngu-Imai lafumanisa kwaye lacacisa umthuthi we-NMN ongaziwayo kwiiseli.
Uphando olongezelelweyo lwe-NMN luqale lwafumaneka ngoJanuwari 2019 Uhlobo lweMetabolism. U-Imai wasungula ukuba iprotheni ethile, iSlc12a8, inoxanduva lokuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-NMN ku-NAD + kwaye uyithumele kwiseli. Le enzyme ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala kunokuba abantu abaselula okanye abasempilweni.
Kuzo zonke izifundo zangaphambi kokubeleka, izazinzulu zophando ziya kunyibilikisa amanyathelo aziwayo e-nicotinamide mononucleotide powder eninzi emanzini ngaphambi kokuba iwanike iimpuku.
Iinzuzo ezivela eNicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN)
I-NMN inemisebenzi emininzi yonyango kunye neziphumo ze-pharmacological kumzimba womntu. Ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, izazinzulu ziye zanikela ixesha labo lokufunda zonke iinzuzo zeNicotinamide Mononucleotide kubandakanywa neendlela ezichaza ukuguga kunye nezifo ezinxulumene neminyaka.
Masikhe sijonge kwizibonelelo zekhompawundi kwinkqubo yomntu.
(1) Ukuxhoma i-Cellular Lifespan
Ukufika ekuqaleni kwe-21st Inkulungwane, abaphengululi babenezizathu ezifanelekileyo zokuvakalisa ukuguga njengendlela engenakuphikiswa. Nangona kunjalo, le ngcamango iyinto engenakubonga ngenxa yokufumanisa ngokukhawuleza zokuncedisa ukuguga njengoNicotinamide Mononucleotide.
I-NMN iyinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo kwiiseli zomntu kwaye ixanduva lokuhamba nge-biodynthesis ye-NAD + kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla. Njengoko uguga, ezi zimbini zenziwe zihlaziyeke zikhokelela ekugqithisweni kweeseli ezinamabala. Khumbula, ezi iiyunithi ezisebenzayo zidinga ukuba i-fuel cell ewaneleyo iphindaphindiwe rhoqo, ngoko ke, ukuwa kuya kunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kwamaselula.
Ukulawula izidakamizwa ezichanekileyo zokulwa nokuguga njenge-NMN ziya kuguqula inkqubo kwaye zilibazise ukuguga.
(2) Ukuxhasa iiNqanaba eziNgcono zamandla eziNtsha
Umvelaphi oyintloko wemilinganiselo yezifo ezinxulumene nokuguga kuncitshisiwe ukuya kwinqanaba leselula. Ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamandla ngaphakathi kweeseli kuyona nto ibangela inqaku leminyaka yobudala.Ukuba yi-NAD + ngaphambili, i-NMN inendima ekufuneka igcinwe ekugcineni amanqanaba ombane aphezulu e-mitochondria yeseli. Ukuguga kuya kubangela ukuhla kwehla kwi-NAD +. Ngenxa yoko, ukuguga kwesikhashana kuthatha ukukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezifo eziguga.
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Ukulahla kwamanqanaba ombane wamaselula kwizitho ezibalulekileyo ezinjengeemisipha, imithwalo yegazi, izintso, isibindi, okanye i-pancreas isoloko iphazamisa impilo yempilo kunye nengqondo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba izifo ezifana ne-ischemia, iimeko zeentliziyo, ukuhluleka kwezintso, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kunye nokunye ukudubula.
Isisombululo esifanelekileyo kukuxhasa umzimba Mononucleotide yeNicotinamide kunye ne-NAD + ngonyango lwangaphandle lwe-NMN. La mayeza achasene nokuguga anika ubomi obutsha kwiiseli ezigugayo, eziya kuthi ke zibeke inkangeleko yobutsha.
(3) Ukuphucula Ukujikelezwa Kwegazi
Enye yeenguqu ezenzeka ngexesha elidala kunciphisa umgangatho weemitha zegazi ngaphakathi komzimba wamagciwane. Ngako oko, inkqubo yokujikeleza iqhutyelwa ubuninzi xa iphethe izondlo, i-oxygen, ukushisa, okanye isusa inkunkuma kwizitho. Ekubeni imeko iqhubeka, ibuhlungu ngaphezu kwexesha elikhokelela kwiziganeko zezifo ezide.
I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide ijongene ngqo nokuveliswa kwemithambo yegazi. Ndivumele ukuba ndichaze. I-compound idibanisa i-NAD +, leyo iphinde isebenzise iprotheni ye-sirtuin deacetylase (SIRT1).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-SIRT1 deacetylates i-lysine resisies ekuncedeni ekuveliseni i-oxygen ezamahala radicals. Le ndlela ilwa noxinzelelo oluxhamlayo lwe-oxidative, i-reperfusion, okanye i-akchemic injured. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, umzimba ngokwawo uza kulwa ne-ischemia kunye neemeko ezihambelanayo kwi-ischemic preconditioning (IPC). I-IPC iya kuthatha isenzo sokukhuthaza umveliso we-SIRT1.
Unako ukulawula i-NMN phambi kwesiganeko esicacayo okanye ngexesha lokubonakalisa kwayo. Ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke, i-compound inikeza ukhuseleko lwe-cardio ngokukhuphula i-ATP ngokuvelisa nge-glycolysis.
Kwimeko ye-Ischemia, usenokusebenzisa iNicotinamide Mononucleotide njengoko iya kubangela i-acidosis kwaye ibangele ukunganyaniseki kwe-mitochondrial; yiyo loo nto, eqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwenkqubo yentliziyo.
(4) Ukunyamezela kwemizimba
Ulindele ntoni xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuyehla? Ewe, urhulumente uya kukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nobunzima bemisipha. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo uyakuqaphela ukuba abantu abadala banentsebenzo encinci, unyamezelo oluphantsi, ukungahambi, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu ngalo lonke ixesha.
Enye yezinto ezafunyanwa nguGqirha Sinclair yayijolise ekusebenzeni kwe-NMN ekomelezeni amandla emisipha. Ngokwe-2013 yakhe kunye nezifundo zamva nje ze-2018, iimpuku ezindala ezichazwe kunyango lweentsuku ezisixhenxe ze-NMN zaba sempilweni kwaye zisebenza njengabalingane babo abancinci.
Umthamo we-muscle kunye nokunyamezela kweegundane ezindala kakhulu (iinyanga ze-30 ubudala) zifana nezo zomntwana oneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ezi minyaka zithelekiseka malunga neminyaka engama-70 nama-20 ebantwini. Ukusuka kwiziphumo, ungatsho ukuba umsebenzi we-NMN kubuntu obuqinisekileyo njengokufa.
(5) Ukulwa neengxaki ze-Neurodegenerative Disorders
Ingqondo ifana negunya lenkqubo yakho. Le nto ingaba isizathu sokuba amayeza ahlale exhomekeke kwimisebenzi yengqondo xa evakalisa ixesha lokufa.Ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-NAD + kwingqondo kukuphazamisa impilo yengqondo phakathi kwabantu abadala. Ulawulo lwe-NMN likhawuleza ukuveliswa kwe-NAD +, ngoko ke, ukukhusela imisebenzi ye-neural.
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Amanqaku ezifundo angqina ukuba iNicotinamide Mononucleotide iluncedo ekuqondeni, ukubetha, kunye nokuthintela ukulahleka kwenkumbulo, okuxhaphake ngokuguga. Ngamafutshane, oku ukuguga Uncedo luxanduva lokugcina ii-neurons.
I-NMN ijolise ikakhulu kwi-etiology yayo nayiphi na imeko ye-neurological. Njengokuba, IAlzheimer isifo senzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwe-NAD +, inqanaba eliphantsi lokusetyenziswa kweoksijini kwingqondo, kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwemitochondrial. Yonyusa inani le-NMN kumzimba wokubala zonke ezi ziphumo.
Ngokophando olupapashwe kwi-2012, iNicotinamide Mononucleotide iya kulawula ngokufanelekileyo umonakalo we-intracerebral, okhokelela kwisifo. Iimpuku ezindala ezaziphantsi kwenqanaba le-NMN zibhalise ukuphucuka okubonakalayo kwimveliso ye-NAD + ye-intracerebral. Ezi modeli zophando zazinokhuselo oluphezulu kwisifo se-ischemic, ukufa kwe-neural, kunye nokudumba kwemithambo-luvo.
(6) Ukuphuculwa kweMetabolism ekudala
Abaphandi abaninzi baye bafunda kwaye bafakazela ukuba i-NMN ikhuthaza ukunyamezela kwe-glucose ngelixa kuphuculwe isantabolism iswekile kwiimiceba eziguga kunye nokutya okubi. Olu pho nonongo luye lwasebenza kubantu asebekhulile abahlakulela isifo sikashukela mhlawumbi ngenxa yeshukela ephezulu okanye ukutya okunesondlo. Ukongezelela, ukutya okutyebileyo kwintsipho kukukhokelela ekukhuseni i-insulin.
I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide igcina umgangatho ophezulu weNAD +, oko kukunciphisa ukuvuvukala okunxulumene neminyaka ngelixa kuphuculwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-insulin kwizitho ezinamafutha.
(7) Unyango lweSwekile
Abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-II bahlala bebonisa ukunganyangeki kwi-insulin. Olu phawu lubangelwa kukuwa kwe-NAD +. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli zenza uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kunye nokudumba. Ukuba usemncinci, umzimba uya kuzihlaziya ngokwenza izinto ezithile zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuguga, amanqanaba e-NAD + ancipha kumalungu axhasa ubomi njengezihlunu zamathambo, isibindi, ingqondo kunye neepancreas.
Enye into enegalelo kwisifo seswekile esinxulumene nobudala kukutya okunamafutha aphezulu. Inani elingaqhelekanga lamafutha agcweleyo athintela i-biosynthesis ye-NAD +. Kwilinge lokungqina ukusebenza kweNicotinamide Mononucleotide kunyango lobudala kunye nokutya okubangelwa sisifo seswekile, uYoshino noogxa bakhe basebenzise iimodeli ezimbini zeempuku.
Emva kokwenza idosi yemihla ngemihla ye-NMN kangangeentsuku ezili-10, abaphengululi bafumanisa ukuba iimpuku, ezaziphantsi kokutya okunamafutha aphezulu, zarekhodisha ukunganyamezelani kwe-insulin. Kwelinye icala, iimpuku zeswekile zibonise ukuphucuka okubonakalayo kwi-hyperlipidemia.
(8) Ukuguqula ukuguga
Iingxaki zezempilo ezingapheliyo zihlala zihamba nenkqubo yokuguga. Njengoko umzimba uphantsi kweenguqu ezininzi zomzimba, ezinye zeemisebenzi zamaselula zenzeka ukuba zibuyele. Cinga, umzekelo, amanqanaba e-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ayancipha kwizitho ezininzi, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kwemveliso yamandla yi-mitochondrion yeseli.Ukuguga kusetha izinto ezininzi ezifana nokulimaza kwe-DNA ngenxa yee-molecules ezingenayo, uxinzelelo lwe-vascular oxidative kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuqonda. Uyazi oko kwenzekayo? Ewe, kukho iprotheni yokulungisa i-DNA (PARP1) kwinkqubo yomntu. Kwimeko yomonakalo we-DNA, i-NAD + iya kuvula le protein ukulungisa iseli echaphazelekayo.
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Izifundo ezininzi ziye zeza ne-nicotinamide mononucleotide eluncedo ekwaluphaleni. Ngokomzekelo, iMills kunye noogxa bakhe basebenzisa iimodeli zeempuku ukuphanda umphumo we-NMN weminyaka yobudala.
Kulo cwaningo, abaphandi bathi ukuphathwa kwexesha elide lonyango lukhokelela ekugqibeleni iigleji ezichithwe ngaphakathi kwesibindi, izihlunu zamathambo kunye nezicubu ze-adipose. Ngaphezu koko, iziphumo ziqinisekisile ukuphuculwa kwintetho yesigxina somzimba, ukunyuka kwama-lymphocytes, kunye nokusebenza kwama-leukocytes.
Esinye isimilo sokuguga kukuvela kweendawo ezikhanyayo kwi-eye fundus. Le meko kunye kunye nokuxinwa kwethambo ukuxothwa kwaye ukungakwazi ukuvelisa iinyembezi kuye kwafundwa ngokucokisekileyo kwiigorants. Oososayensi baqaphele ukuba iigundane, ezibekwe kwi-NNN yeenyanga ze-12 zonyango, zaziphendulela zonke iimeko ezi ngasentla.
Ubude bokuba yinto esona sizathu sokuba abantu ukuthenga iNicotinamide Mononucleotide.
(9) Unyango lo kukhulula
Kwabadala, i-NMN inganciphisa ukuya kwi-10% yesisindo somzimba sokuqala ngaphandle kokufumana umgangatho ophakathi phakathi kokutya nokukhula. Indlela yokugula kakhulu kunye nesifo sikashukela idibeneyo. Amanqanaba aphantsi e-NAD + aletha ukungasebenzi kwemithachondrial; ngenxa yoko, ukunciphisa kwimveliso ye-ATP.
Ubungakanani obukhulu bunciphisa ubunako be-mitochondria ekwenzeni amandla e-ATP kwiiseli. Emva kokuba ulawula i-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, isilwanyana siza kuphucula ukunyamezela kwe-glucose kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuxhatshazwa enxulumene nokukhuluphala.
Xa kuziwa ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kwegazi, i-NMN yonyango lokutyeba yenza ngokufanayo nokwenza umthambo. Ipilisi enye iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo njengokusebenzisa istreadmill yonke imihla. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko uza kumanqanaba omxholo weNAD + kumalungu omzimba. Ngelixa iNicotinamide Mononucleotide inyusa i-NAD + kuzo zombini izicubu zesibindi kunye nezihlunu, umthambo uyakha kuphela ikhompawundi ngaphakathi kwezihlunu.
Ngaba i-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (i-NMN) Ngokwenene isebenzelana nabantu?
Ewe, lo ingangumbuzo wangoku okhalayo entlokweni yakho. Ngayiphi na imeko, lonke uphando kunye nezifundo zangaphambi konyango ezijolise kwiNicotinamide mononucleotide kunye ne-NAD + zijolise kwiimodeli ze-murine.
Ukuba unako ukubeka ingqalelo malunga nokusebenza komsebenzi we-NMN kumntu, nantoni na oku kufuneka uyifumane. UDkt. David Sinclair, umphandi ophezulu, kunye ne-geneticist kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard ungomnye wabamkeli be-NMN.USinclair uyavuma ukuba uthatha isongezelelo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umphengululi akazange abhale nasiphi na isiphumo esibi se-nicotinamide mononucleotide. Ngokuchasene noko, uthi uziva emncinci ngengqondo ebukhali. I-Hangovers kunye ne-jet lags ngoku lixesha elidlulileyo kuye. Uqhubeka esithi utata wakhe, osekupheleni kweminyaka yamashumi asixhenxe, naye uyasithatha isongezelelo.
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Ukongezelela, uDkt. Sinclair usetyenzise unyango njengoluvavanyo lokuqala kwiBrigham neSibhedlele sabasetyhini. Uceba ukuqhubeka nokuvavanya ukuxhaswa kwabasemsebenzini asebekhulile. Nangona isifundo sakhe esisodwa siphelile, akayikushicilela ngokusemthethweni. ISinclair yaqalisa isigaba sesibini sale klinikhi Ukubonelela ngeNMN uphando kwi 2018.
Uvavanyo lweZliniki
Kwisifundo seklinikhi esibangelwa yi-1st NgoJuni 2020, abaphandi bajonge ukuseka utshintsho kwintsebenzo kunye nemisebenzi ye-beta-cell kunye ne-NMN yokuxhaswa kubantu. Abaphengululi bavela kwiSikolo seYunivesithi yaseWashington yeeMpilo kunye neKeio University School of Medicine eTokyo.
Kwilingo lomntu eliye lanyuka kwi-2016 eKeio University, abaphengululi babekhangela ukuhlola ukhuseleko lwe-NMN kubantu abadala abadala. Esi sigaba sesibini esiqhubekayo, isiko elifanayo, ekhokelwa yiShin-Ichiro, liphanda ukulawula kwexesha elide le-NMN. Ingakumbi, iqela lifuna ukuvavanya iiparameters ezinxulumene nesifo se-metabolic, i-NMN kinetics, kunye nomphumo weziyobisi kwi-glucose metabolism.
Kwisifundo se-2017 ekliniki yaseWashington, abathathi-nxaxheba baquka abafazi be-50 abaneminyaka eyi-55 ukuya kwi-75 iminyaka. Iqela lafakwa kwi-dosage ye-250mg ye-NMN kwiiveki ezisibhozo. Nangona babengabantu abaphilileyo, aba bafazi banamanqanaba aphakamileyo egazi, i-triglyceride kunye ne-BMI. Isifundo asikazalisekanga.
Njengangoku, akukho zishicilelo ezingqina ukusebenza kwe-NMN ebantwini. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uxhomeke kuba kukho into ephekayo kwaye ulingo lweklinikhi lunokuthembisa.
Indlela yokusebenzisa iNicotinamide Mononucleotide (i-NMN) Ukulwa nokuguga?
Ukuba ukhangele ukuthenga i-nicotinamide mononucleotide, kukho izinto ezimbalwa okufuneka uzi.
Unokuthatha kuphela unyango njengenkxaso yokutya ngenxa yokuba ungakayifumana imvume yokugqibela ye-FDA ukuba ibe yilisi yesigqirha.
Imilinganiselo yokulinganisa phakathi kwe-25mg kunye ne-300mg kuxhomekeka kwiintlawulo zezempilo ofuna ukuzifezekisa. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu bavuma ukuthatha i-1000mg ngosuku. Thatha, umzekelo, uDkt. Sinclair uthatha i-750mg / imini. Ngaphandle koko, uncedisa lo lawulo kunye ne-resveratrol kunye ne-metformin.
Kwiimvavanyo zeclini ze-NMN, abaninzi abaphandi babeza kubeka izifundo zabo kwi-dose udidi lwe-100mg ukuya kwi-250mg.
Umlomo kunye neelwimi ezingezantsi
Ukuba ufuna ukukhulisa ukufumaneka kwe-add-on of this supplement, kufuneka uthenge amacwecwe e-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide ekuphathweni kweengqungquthela. Ukuthatha izilwanyana ngomlomo kuncitshiswe umlinganiselo owenziwe kwiifom. Isizathu kukuba sithobela imetabolism kunye nokuhlaziywa njengoko kudlula kwindlela yokugaya kunye nesibindi.I-NMN yeelwimi ngokuzenzekelayo ingena kwigazi ngaphandle kwanoma yiyiphi ifayile. Ukulinganiswa komlinganiselo wale ndlela yokuhanjiswa kubangamaxesha angamahlanu ngaphezu kolawulo lomlomo. Kule meko, kuyakufuneka ukwandise umyinge wokwenza i-pass pass metabolism kwisibindi. Ukucinga ukuba uphando, ungadinga i-nicotinamide mononucleotide i-powder bulk ukuze uzalise isifundo.
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I-Effect Side Of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Okumele Uyazi
Eziqhelekileyo ziyafana nezo ziboniswe yi-niacinamide kunye nezinye i-vitamin B3 ye-compoundnicotinamide mononucleotide yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga s. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu alunamava kwaphela. Umzekelo, usosayensi ophambili ophakamileyo weYunivesithi yaseHarvard uyavuma ukuba uthathe i-NMN, kodwa akazange aqaphele naziphi na iziphumo.
Kuze kube ngoku, kuzo zonke i-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide esebenzayo kwiigundane, akukho datha ibonisa ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiphumo emibi kwimizekelo ye-murine. Akukho mphandi oye wabhala uphawu olubi phakathi kokubambisana kwe-NMN emfutshane kunye nexesha elide.
Abanye abantu banokuzibona ezi zinto zilandelayo;
- I sizathu
- Ukuvutha
- Utywala
- Isisu sithukuthele
- Uhudo
- Ukuphendula okuvakalayo okufana nokutshaya, ukuvuthwa, okanye ukuhlambalaza
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ze-nicotinamide zingabinzima kakhulu kumlinganiselo wokuba ufune ukuhlolwa kwezempilo ngokukhawuleza. Ukukhankanya ubuncinci, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuhlanjululwa kwentliziyo engapheliyo, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, isikhumba esiluhlaza, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesidlo ziphakathi kweempawu ezinzima.
Ukungqinelana
Kule nkalo, izilingo zeklinikhi zijolise kuphela kubantu abadala abanempilo kwi-bracket yobudala be-45 ukuya kwi-75 iminyaka. Ngenxa yoko, amaqela alandelayo kufuneka alumke ngaphambi kokulawula i-NMN yokuguga ukuguga.
- Oomama abakhulelweyo nabancelisayo
- Abantu abaneembali ze-hypersensitive to NMN
- Izigulane zithatha imishanguzo yezifo ezingapheliyo
Ndingayifumana phi i-Anti-Aging Drugs-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN)?
(1) Imithombo yokutya yeNMN
Ucinga ukuba kutheni ufuna ukuthenga iNicotinamide Mononucleotide xa unokufumana ngokukhawuleza ukutya okuninzi. Makhe ndicacise ngokufutshane ukuba kutheni le ncediso iyimfuneko.Njengoko i-NAD + iyancipha emzimbeni ngenxa yokuguga, iiseli azikwazi ukulwa nomphumo. Kule ngongoma, ukhetho lwakho kuphela lunokusebenzisa i-NMN supplements. Oogqirha baya kukukhuthaza ukuba uthathe ukutya okwenziwe nge-NMN njenge-broccoli, amakhowe, i-damdam, okanye i-shrimp. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zidlo ziza kunikezela ngaphantsi kwe-5% yento umzimba wakho efuna ngayo.
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I-FDA icebisa ukuba nayiphi na umntu ifuna malunga ne-560mg ye-NMN ngosuku. Ukucinga ukuba ufuna ukufumana isongezelelo kwi-broccoli, kufuneka uchithe iiplani ze-1500 ezifanayo.
(2) Izibonelelo zeNMN
The i-nicotinamide mononucleotide i-powder bulk iyafumaneka xa kuthengiswa kwiivenkile ezininzi zezobisi kunye neelabhoratri. Ukuba ufuna olunye uphando lwakho, unokwenza umyalelo wenqununu, oza kunye namaxabiso ahlaziyiweyo kunye nokukhutshwa kweerhafu zokuthumela.
Ukuthenga kwi-intanethi ye-NMN akugcini nje ngokugcina ixesha lakho kodwa ikwabonelela ngeqonga eligqwesileyo lokuthelekisa amaxabiso ahlukeneyo. Ukuba awungomphandi, usenako ukuthenga iNicotinamide Mononucleotidesupplementsukusebenzisa wena. Ngaphambi kokwenza iodolo, qinisekisa ukuba yimveliso yebakala lokutya.
isishwankathelo
Kuzwakala kungenangqiqo ukuxela ukuba i-NMN ilandisa ubomi bomntu. Nangona kunjalo, lo mboniso uphakamise. Isizathu sokufa phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile ngenxa yezifo ezibangelwa ubudala, ezenzeka ngenxa yemisebenzi yamaselula ahluphekileyo.
INicotinamide Mononucleotide echasene nokuguga ithatha amanyathelo kuphela ekuphuculeni ukuhanjiswa kwamafutha eselula kunye nokunyusa ukusebenza kweeseli. Isebenza ngokumisela i-NAD +, ethanda ukwehla njengoko sikhula.Ukusebenzisa ama-crams ebusweni bokuguga, i-moisturizers, i-sunscreens, okanye ukuqala ukuzilolonga ngokutya okunempilo kunokutshintsha ubuso bakho. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqonde ingcinezelo yeengxaki zokuguga ekujonganeni nabo ngabanye. I-Nicotinamide mononucleotide iguqula inkqubo yokuguga ngokulungisa i-DNA ewonakalisiweyo, ukukhusela ingqondo, inkqubo yezinhliziyo, ukuphucula imisebenzi yemisipha kunye nokunyamezela.
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Ukuba ufuna i-nicotinamide mononucleotide i-powder bulk, jonga kunye nathi kwaye ujabulele amaxabiso angobungane.
Ucaphulo
- I-Mills, KF, Yoshino, J., Yoshida, S., et al. (2016). Ulawulo lwexesha elide lweNicotinamide Mononucleotide luthintela ukuNciphisa kwePhysiological kwi-Pice. Cell Metabolism.
- Yoshino, J., Mills, KF, Imai, SI, kunye neYoon, MJ (2011). I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, i-NAD + ephakathi, isebenzise i-Pathophysiology ye-Diet- ne-Age-Taked Diabetes kwi-Imice. Cell Metabolism.
- Yamamoto, T., Byun, J., Zhai P., Ikeda, Y., Oka, S., no-Sadoshima, J. (2014). I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, isiPhakathi seNAD + Synthesis, ikhusela iNhliziyo esuka kwi-Iskemia kunye nokuPhinda kwakhona.
- Sinclair, DA, Uddin, GM, Youngson, NA, noMorris, MJ (2016). Intloko yeNtloko ngokuthelekiswa kweNtshukumo yesikhashana esifutshane neNAD pre-node + uNothanide Mononucleotide (i-NMN) kunye neeveki ezintandathu zoVavanyo lweeNtshontsho eziSetyhini.
- Imai, S., Yoshino, J., Mills, KF, Grozio, A., et al. (2019) Slc12a8 yiNicotinamide Mononucleotide Transporter. Uhlobo lweMetabolism.
- De Picciotto, NE, Mills, KF, Imai, S., Gano, LB, et al. (2016). I-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide ibuyisela i-Vascular Dysfunction kunye noxinzelelo lwe-Oxidative nge-Ping Agice.
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Imidlalo yokuzonwabisa inokwahluka kakhulu kwimixholo yabo, kodwa zonke zineenzuzo ezinkulu. Ngokusebenzisa juego, umntwana ufunda ulwazi oluninzi, ukhulisa izakhono zentlalo kunye nobuchule bokucinga okanye bokuqonda. Imidlalo ikwathanda ukumela ukuzithemba ngakumbi kubo kunye nobuchule bokuyila. Kodwa zonke kufuneka zihambelane nobudala bazo, kwaye zitsale amehlo ukuze zibe nomtsalane kuba kungenjalo ziya kudikwa.
Nangona kubonakala kulula ukukhetha enye yemidlalo yokuzonwabisa, ayiyi kuhlala njalo. Ke ngoko, sinokubhenela kwiinketho eziqhelekileyo, iiklasikhi kodwa azinakusilela. Yiyo loo nto namhlanje sikunika Imizekelo emi-7 yemidlalo yokuzonwabisa ukwenza nabantwana. Ngale ndlela, baya kudlala kwaye bafunde ngaxeshanye. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba ziyintoni na?
Index
Imidlalo yokuzonwabisa: idabi leebhaluni
Ngalo mdlalo, abantwana baya kukhuthaza inkululeko yokuhamba nokhuphiswano. Ngebhaloni enye kuphela kumntwana ngamnye, mabayibophe eqatheni, baze abanye bayivuthele. Ngokuqinisekileyo baya kukubuza ukuba bafanele bayisebenzise njani, kuba siya kuthi kuphela ngeentshukumo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izandla zakho. Ukusondela iqabane ngalinye kangangoko ukuba athi ndlela-ntle kwibhaluni. Oku kuya kubangela ukugigitheka, ukhuphiswano kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweenyawo, konke okuyimfuneko kwizakhono zabo zemoto. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezikhoyo, kuba iibhaluni nazo zinokubotshwa esinqeni, zombini ngaphambili nangasemva. Ixhomekeke kuwe!
Umdlalo oqingqiweyo
Hlala uzolile kwaye ungashukumi Ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu kubantwana.Ngoko ke, ngomnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yokufunda kwabantwana. Ngomculo, abantwana baya kumela imifanekiso eqingqiweyo eyahlukeneyo, bapheliswe kuyo nayiphi na intshukumo xa umculo uyeka. Lo msebenzi uya kuthanda ukufunda kwabo ngesingqisho, kunye nezakhono zabo zentshukumo yomzimba, kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukulawula iimpembelelo zabo. Kodwa ngaphezu koko, kukho olunye uhlobo lomdlalo ofanayo. Omnye ume efulathele iqela (owokugqibela kufuneka athathe amanyathelo amancinane ukuya phambili) kwaye xa ejika, bonke abanye kufuneka beme ngxi. Umceli mngeni kukufika apho 'umphathi' akhoyo ungabonwa nguye. Ewe, siyazi ukuba ukhe wadlala nabo bonke abahlobo bakho kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo!
Ndidlala idada, idada…irhanisi!
Ukuba ndikhumbula kakuhle, umdlalo ofana nalo uvele kwesinye seziqendu ze 'The Simpsons'. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba kulo mboniso ubumnandi benziwa ngumlinganiswa omnye kuphela. Ewe, lo ngomnye wale midlalo yeklasikhi eye yalungiswa okuthile kodwa ihlala ikhona kubomi bethu. Zombini izakhono zeemoto kunye nokuva kunye nesicwangciso siya kubakho kulo mdlalo. Kufuneka wenze isangqa esinabantwana aba-4 okanye aba-5 ubuncinane abaza kuhlala phantsi. Omnye wabo uya kuba ngumzingeli kwaye uya kubaleka ajikeleze kodwa ngaphandle kwesangqa. Uya kubamba intloko yomdlali ngamnye esithi 'idada'. Kodwa ngomzuzu othile kwaye ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, uya kuchukumisa omnye kwaye athethe igama elithi 'goose'. Ngoko kufuneka aphakame aze abambe umzingeli ngaphambi kokuba lowo umva ahlale phantsi.
Umdlalo wezitulo
Ngomnye wemidlalo yokuzonwabisa edlalwa ngomculo. Oku kunconywa kakhulu nanini na ubudala, njengoko kubanika ulwaneliseko olukhulu. Ngokubeka izihlalo kwisangqa kunye nokuhamba, ngexesha elifanayo, badansa ecaleni kwabo. Kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu, njengoko belinde ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuhlala phantsi, xa umculo uyeka. Konke oku, iya kukhuthaza ukugxila kwakho kunye nokuphendula kwakho. Khumbula ukuba kufuneka kubekho isitulo esinye ngaphantsi kwenani labadlali. Njengoko sele sitshilo, nakweyiphi na iminyaka iya kuba luncedo kwaye iyonwabisa, kodwa sinokusoloko sizivumelanisa neengoma ezo zihambelana nelo xesha. Ukuze ulonwabo luyanda ngakumbi.
ukulala izilwanyana umdlalo
Ngaba abancinci endlwini baya kukwazi ukuhlala begxilile ukuze baphumelele umdlalo onje? Ewe, inzima kakhulu. Kodwa yiloo nto imidlalo yokuzonwabisa eyenzelwe yona, ukubenza bafunde kancinci kancinci kwaye baqhubeke nokuphuhlisa izidima zabo. Ngoko ke, kule meko, abadlali kufuneka behle phantsi kwaye benze ngathi balele. Omnye wabalingane babo iya kuba nguye ozama ukubavusa, ngayiphi indlela? Ewe, ukubanyumbaza okanye ukuthetha izinto ezihlekisayo kubo. Kuba nabani na oshukumayo okanye ovula amehlo abo uya kuthintelwa. Kuya kuhlala kukho umntu okanye umntu onokuxhathisa kancinane ngakumbi. Ngomnye wale misebenzi igqibeleleyo yabantwana abancinci.
amakhadi aphindaphindiweyo
Ngumdlalo onokuthi uwenze ngamakhadi akho okanye imizobo, kodwa kukwakho nomdlalo webhodi kunye nokunxibelelana. Kuba kule minyaka idlulileyo kuye kwaqaliswa iingxaki kulo mdlalo, ukuze wonke umntu azonwabele. Ewe, isenokwahluka kancinane kule nto besithetha ngayo kodwa isebenza kakuhle. Ngoko ke, kule meko malunga nokujika uluhlu lwamakhadi lujonge phantsi kwaye umntwana kufuneka akhethe amabini ukwenza izibini. Ukuba uyaphumelela, ziya kufunyanwa. Kungenjalo, baya kubekwa ngobuso phantsi kwakhona kwaye ujiko luya kudlulela kwelinye iqabane. Injongo kukuphucula imemori kodwa kunye nokugxila. Ekugqibeleni, zonke izibini kufuneka zifunyenwe. Ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuyenza!
Isenzi
Asifuni umdlalo ngokwawo kodwa inguqulelo esebenzayo yawo. Kodwa kufuneka kuthiwe, nokuba kunjalo, kuya kukunceda uphuhlise ubuchule ngelixa wonwabile. Kuba ngomnye wemidlalo yokuzonwabisa ongenakuyilibala. Umdlali unephepha kwaye kufuneka azobe into ethile. Abanye kufuneka baqashele ukuba yintoni na. Inyaniso kukuba kulo mdlalo, unokuseka umxholo, ukwazi apho ukudubula kuya khona. Ngaphandle koko, ingathatha ixesha elide. Ilungele injikalanga nosapho okanye mhlawumbi esikolweni. Zingaphi ngaphezulu, iya kuhlala isongeza ulonwabo ngakumbi!