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Ukuba ufuna into entle Magnesium L-Threonate isongezelelo, Sincoma ukuthenga i-Magnesium Threonate powder kwiCofttek. Inkampani ibanga ukuba iyonyusa ukungafumaneki kwe-magnesium emzimbeni. Inkampani ikwatsho ukuba umgubo obonelelwe yinkampani ngenkxaso yememori kunye nokwenza ngcono umsebenzi wokuqonda. Banceda abasebenzisi ukuba balale ngcono. Cofttek ngababoneleli beMagnesium L-Threonate abaya kukuthengisa kuphela ngempumelelo ephezulu iimveliso.
Isebenziselwa ntoni i-magnesium L?
Ngaba i-magnesium Threonate ibhetele?
Ngaba i-magnesium Glycinate ingcono kune-mag nesium citrate?
Ngawaphi amayeza ongafanele uwathathe nge-magnesium?
Ngaba i-magnesium yenza i-poop?
Zingaphi mg wemagniziyam L Ndizithathile?
Yeyiphi iMagnesium efanelekileyo yokuxhalaba?
Ngaba i-magnesium inganceda ngenkungu yengqondo?
Ngaba i-magnesium iyayiphilisa ingqondo?
Ngaba i-magnesium ibangela isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
Ngaba i-magnesium L iyancipha ilungele uxinzelelo lwegazi?
Yeyiphi eyona magnesium efanelekileyo yokuthatha yonke imihla?
Uyintoni umahluko phakathi kwemagnesium citrate kunye nemagnesium gluconate?
Yeyiphi iMagnesium efanelekileyo yeekram cramp?
Ngaba iMagnesium ilungile kwixhala?
Yeyiphi iMagnesium efanelekileyo yokulala?
Zeziphi izinto zokutya eziphakamileyo kwimagnesium?
Zithini iziphumo zexesha elide zokuthatha i-magnesium?
Ngaba yonke i-magnesium ibangela urhudo?
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani ukusebenza kwemagniziyam L?
Ngaba i-magnesium ibangela i-Alzheimer's?
Zithini iimpawu zemagniziyam ephantsi?
Ngaba ivithamin D inokuthintela i-Alzheimer's?
Yeyiphi iMagnesium eyona ilungileyo kwimithambo?
Ngaba kungcono ukuthatha i-magnesium kusasa okanye ebusuku?
Ngaba iMagnesium ilungile kwimithambo ecinyiweyo?
Ngaba i-magnesium inganceda ukuthuthumela?
Zeziphi iimpawu zemagniziyam ephantsi emzimbeni?
Ngaba i-turmeric iyanceda isifo sikaParkinson?
Yintoni ebuhlungu isifo Parkinson?
Ngaba i-magnesium iyayichaphazela imemori?
Ngaba i-magnesium iyanceda ngeoksijini?
Ngaba i-magnesium inyusa i-serotonin?
Ngaba i-magnesium inika amandla?
Yeyiphi eyona magnesium L ilungileyo?
Kutheni magnesium glycinate ngcono?
Ngaba i-magnesium Glycinate efanayo ne-magnesium?
Ngaba i-magnesium Glycinate iyakunceda?
Yintoni unyango ngemagniziyam glycinate?
Yintoni ongafanele uyithathe ngemagniziyam?
Kufuneka ungayithathi nini i-magnesium?
Ndazi njani ukuba ndisezantsi kwimagnesium?
Ndiza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokulala?
Zeziphi iivithamini ongafanele uzithathe kunye?
Ngaba i-magnesium L Threonate ilungile kwixhala?
Loluphi uhlobo lwemagniziyam olungeyona ilungileyo?
Ndingathatha ixesha elide ngemagniziyam?
Imagnesium ikuchaphazela njani ukuhamba kwamathumbu?
Kukangaphi ngosuku kufuneka uthathe i-magnesium?
Yeyiphi indlela ebalaseleyo yokufumana i-magnesium?
Kutheni le nto sifuna iMagnesium L-Threonate?
Yintoni iMagnesium L-threonate Side Effect?
Zithini izibonelelo zeMagnesium L-threonate?
Ndingayithenga phi i-magnesium L?
Ngaba i-calcium kunye ne-magnesium kufuneka zithathwe kunye okanye ngokwahlukeneyo?
Yintoni iMagnesium L-Threonate?
I-asidi ye-Threonic sisinyibilikisi esinyibilikayo emanzini esifunyenwe kwisifo se-Vitamin C. Xa i-threonic acid idibanisa ne-magnesium, yenza ityuwa ebizwa ngokuba yi-Magnesium L-threonate. I-Magnesium L-threonate ifunxwa ngokulula ngumzimba kwaye ke, yenye yeendlela eziphambili zokwenza i-magnesium ifikelele kwiiseli zobuchopho kunye namanye amalungu omzimba. Imagniziyam ebonelelwe yi-Magnesium L-threonate isebenza ngemisebenzi ebalulekileyo ye-biochemical, kubandakanya ukwenziwa kweevithamini ze-B, ukugcinwa kwe-insulin, ukwenziwa kwe-ATP kunye neprotein kunye nokwenziwa kwe-acid enamafutha. Le minerali ikwadlala indima ephambili ekusebenzeni ngokukuko kokusebenza kwee-enzymes ezininzi. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, inyusa ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba ngokwandisa intsholongwane kunye ne-anti-tumor iziphumo zeeseli zombulali zendalo kunye ne-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte.Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-magnesium inokufumaneka ngokutya okutyebileyo ngokwemvelo kwizimbiwa. Okunye ukutya okune-magnesium ngesixa esikhulu yitshokholethi emnyama, iiavokhado, amandongomane, iimbotyi, itofu, ithanga kunye nembewu ye-chia, iintlanzi ezinamafutha, njlnjl. yiyo loo nto imfuno yeMagnesium L-threonate supplements inyuke kakhulu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo.
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Isebenziselwa ntoni i-magnesium L?
I-Magnesium L-Threonate iluncedo ekulawuleni ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Iyeza lonyusa uxinzelelo lwe-magnesium kwiiseli zobuchopho.
Ukuthengwa kweMagnesium L-Threonate kungenxa yezibonelelo zayo ze-nootropic. Ikhulisa inkumbulo ye-episodic, ukufunda, kunye nokuphucula uxinzelelo. Isongezelelo yidosi kagqirha kwizigulana ezinengxaki yokulahleka kwememori, i-ADHD, isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kunye nesifo se-Alzheimer's.
- Eyona nto ephambili inzuzosYeMagnesium L-Threonate kukuphuculwa kwememori. Iyakwazi ukuphucula uxinano lwe-synaptic kunye neplastiki kunye nokwandisa inani elipheleleyo leendawo zokukhutshwa kwe-neurotransmitter ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
- Olu ncediso luyakwazi ukuphucula imemori yendawo. Kwisifundo esinye somgangatho, inkumbulo yokusebenza iphuculwe nge-13% emva kweentsuku ezingama-24 zokuthatha iMagneisum L-Threonate. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 zokuncedisa, iigundane esele zikhulile zikwazile ukwenza kwinqanaba elifanayo nabalingane babo abancinci.
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Ngaba i-magnesium Threonate ibhetele?
Imagnesium L-threonate inokuba yeyona fomu ifanelekileyo yemagniziyam kuwe ukuba ujonge ukuphucula impilo yengqondo ngakumbi. Ngelixa inokuphakamisa ngokubanzi amanqanaba e-magnesium kuwo wonke umzimba, iziphumo zinokuba namandla ngakumbi kwingqondo ngale ndlela ye-magnesium.
Ngaba i-magnesium Glycinate ingcono kune-mag nesium citrate?
Ngelixa zininzi iindlela ze-magnesium ezikhoyo, sihlala sikhetha ukusebenzisa i-magnesium citrate kunye / okanye ne-magnesium glycinate. I-Magnesium citrate iluncedo kakhulu kubantu abaphethwe kukuqhinwa, ngelixa ifom ye-glycinate iluncedo ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinje ngexhala, ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo kunye neemeko zokukrala.
Ngawaphi amayeza ongafanele uwathathe nge-magnesium?Ukuthatha i-magnesium ngala mayeza kunokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luye phantsi kakhulu. Amanye ala mayeza abandakanya i-nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan), diltiazem (Cardizem), isradipine (DynaCirc), felodipine (Plendil), amlodipine (Norvasc), kunye nabanye.
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Ngaba i-magnesium yenza i-poop?
I-Stool Softener: I-Magnesium idonsa amanzi emathunjini, isebenza njenge-osmotic laxative. Olu konyuka emanzini luvuselela ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Ikwathambisa kwaye yonyuse ubungakanani besitulo, ibangela intshukumo yamathumbu kwaye incede ekwenzeni izitulo kube lula ukudlula.
Zingaphi mg wemagniziyam L Ndizithathile?
I-Magnesium L-threonate sisiyobisi somlomo kwaye inokuthathwa nokuba kukwipilisi okanye ngomgubo. Idosi echanekileyo yeMagnesium L-threonate okanye ichiza ixhomekeke kubudala nakwimpilo yomntu oyithathayo kunye nenjongo yokuthatha ichiza. Ngokubanzi, abasetyhini abaneminyaka ephakathi kwe-19 nama-30 bayacetyiswa ukuba banamathele kumthamo we-310 mg ngosuku kwaye amadoda akwinqanaba elifanayo kufuneka abambelele kumda wokulinganisa we-400 mg ngosuku. Amadoda amadala angonyusa idosi yawo ukuya kwi-420 mg ngosuku kwaye abasetyhini abakwelo qela leminyaka kufuneka badle i-360 mg yeMagnesium L-threonate yonke imihla ngeziphumo ezilungileyo. Abasetyhini abancancisayo banokulisebenzisa eli chiza. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka bagcine ukutya kwabo kwemihla ngemihla kweMagnesium L-threonate engaphantsi kwama-320 mg ngosuku.Ukuba uthatha i-Magnesium L-threonate kwiimeko ezithile, kuya kufuneka uhlengahlengise umthamo wakho ngokubhekisele kwinto elithathwa kuyo iyeza. Umzekelo, ukuba uthatha i-Magnesium L-threonate kwimiba enxulumene nokumba, uyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe i-400-1200 mg yonke imihla. Ukuba uthatha isongezelelo sokukhulisa umsebenzi wokuqonda, kufuneka usebenzise i-1000 mg ye-Magnesium L-threonate yonke imihla. Ukulala kakuhle, i-400-420 mg ye-Magnesium L-threonate yanele amadoda kwaye i-310 ukuya kwi-360 mg yanele kwabasetyhini.
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Yeyiphi iMagnesium efanelekileyo yokuxhalaba?
I-Magnesium ihlala ibotshelelwe kwezinye izinto ukuze yenze kube lula emzimbeni ukuba uyifunxe. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemagniziyam zahlulwe ngokwezinto zokubopha. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemagniziyam zibandakanya:
Magnesium glycinate. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iintlungu zemisipha.
Magnesium oxide. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-migraine kunye nokuqhaqha.
I-Magnesium citrate. Ifunxwe ngokulula ngumzimba kwaye ikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuqhina.
Magnesium chloride. Ifunxwe ngokulula ngumzimba. S
Magnesium sulfate (Epsom ityuwa). Ngokubanzi, ngokulula ifunxwa ngumzimba kodwa inokufunxwa eluswini.
I-Magnesium lactate. Ihlala isetyenziswa njengesongezo sokutya.Ngokwe-2017 yokuphononongwa kwezifundo, uninzi lwezifundo ezifanelekileyo kwimagniziyam kunye noxinzelelo zisebenzisa i-magnesium lactate okanye i-magnesium oxide. I-Magnesium glycinate ithathe ngokulula kwaye inokuba neepropathi zokuthomalalisa. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo kunye nokuqaqanjelwa bubuthongo. Nangona kunjalo, ubungqina benzululwazi kolu setyenziso bunqongophele, ke kufuneka uphando oluninzi. I-Magnesium glycinate ihlala isetyenziselwa iziphumo zayo zokuthomalalisa ukunyanga uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo kunye nokulala.
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Ngaba i-magnesium inganceda ngenkungu yengqondo?
Ngokwesiqhelo kubhekiswa njengenkungu yengqondo, ukuqonda kancinci okanye ubunzima ekugxininiseni nakwimemori konke kunokubonisa ukusilela kwe-magnesium. I-Magnesium sisondlo esibalulekileyo kwingqondo, ke ngaphandle kwayo ingqondo ayinakuyenza nayo.
Ngaba i-magnesium iyayiphilisa ingqondo?I-Magnesium isebenza njengomgcini-sango kwii-receptors ze-NMDA, ezichaphazelekayo ekukhuleni kwengqondo okunempilo, inkumbulo kunye nokufunda. Ithintela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ekubeni zonganyelwe, ezinokubabulala kwaye zinokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo.
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Ngaba i-magnesium ibangela isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
Isifundo esitsha esipapashwe kwiphephancwadi iNeurology sicebisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu kwaye asezantsi kakhulu wemagniziyam anokubeka abantu emngciphekweni wokuba nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.
Ngaba i-magnesium L iyancipha ilungele uxinzelelo lwegazi?
Olu hlobo lwe-magnesium lunokungena egazini kwaye luwele kuthintelo lobuchopho begazi, luthathwa ngokulula ziiseli kwaye kuye kwangqinwa ukuba kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuthintela ukubethwa.
Yeyiphi eyona magnesium efanelekileyo yokuthatha yonke imihla?I-Magnesium citrate yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwimagnesium kwaye inokuthengwa ngokulula kwi-Intanethi okanye kwiivenkile kwihlabathi liphela. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba olu hlobo luphakathi kweendlela ezininzi ezingafumanekiyo ze-magnesium, okuthetha ukuba ithathe indawo yokugaya ngokulula kunezinye iindlela.
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Uyintoni umahluko phakathi kwemagnesium citrate kunye nemagnesium gluconate?
I-Magnesium citrate iluncedo kakhulu kubantu abaphethwe kukuqhinwa, ngelixa ifom ye-glycinate iluncedo ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinje ngexhala, ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo kunye neemeko zokukrala.
Yeyiphi iMagnesium efanelekileyo yeekram cramp?
Magnesium I-citrate inokuba lolona hlobo lusebenzayo ukuba ufuna ukuzama isongezelelo. Ukuba uswele i-magnesium, kunokubakho ezinye izibonelelo ngokwandisa ukungenisa kwakho esi sondlo. Kwaye amanye amayeza ayafumaneka ekubambeni umlenze okunokunceda.
Ngaba iMagnesium ilungile kwixhala?Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuthatha i-magnesium yoxinzelelo kunokusebenza kakuhle. Izifundo zifumanise ukuba uloyiko kunye noloyiko lunokuncitshiswa kakhulu ngokutya kakhulu kwemagniziyam, kwaye iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iziphumo azikhawulelwanga kukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo ngokubanzi.
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Yeyiphi iMagnesium efanelekileyo yokulala?
I-Magnesium glycinate ihlala isetyenziswa njengesongezo sokutya esizimeleyo ukuphucula ukulala nokunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokudumba, kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo kunye neswekile. Magnesium glycinate ifunxwa ngokulula kwaye inokuba neepropathi zokuthomalalisa. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo kunye nokuqaqanjelwa bubuthongo.
Zeziphi izinto zokutya eziphakamileyo kwimagnesium?
Ngaphandle kokuthatha iMagnesium L-threonate ukuphucula amanqanaba e-magnesium kwingqondo yakho, unokusebenzisa ukutya okunotye kwezi minerali. Oku kutya kunokukunceda ufumane amanqanaba e-magnesium afunekayo engqondweni yakho kwaye wonwabele zonke izibonelelo zamaminerali. Nazi ezinye ze I-Magnesium L-threonate kukutya;
- Itshokholethi emnyama- nokuba imnandi kwaye isempilweni, ithwala i-64mg ye-magnesium eyi-16% ye-RDI. Ngaphandle kwalonto, itshokholethi emnyama ikwacebile ngobhedu, isinyithi, kunye nemanganizi kunye nefayibha prebiotic.
- Iiavokhado- esi siqhamo simnandi nesinempilo sinokunika i-58mg ye-magnesium emalunga ne-15% ye-RDI. Iziqhamo zikwacebile ngeevithamini B, K, kunye nomthombo omkhulu we potassium.
- INutsare- ikwayaziwa njengeyona ndawo ibalaseleyo yeMagnesium L-threonate imithombo yendalo. I-ounce enye ekhonza i-cashews ine-1mg magnesium eyi-82% ye-RDI.
- Legumessuch- njengee-ertyisi, iilentile, iichickpeas, kunye neembotyi zesoya zityebile kwizimbiwa ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya nemagniziyam. Umzekelo, ikomityi enye yeembotyi eziphekiweyo ine-120mg yemagniziyam, yiyo ke i-30% ye-RDI.
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Zithini iziphumo zexesha elide zokuthatha i-magnesium?
I-Magnesium sisondlo esidinga umzimba ukuze uhlale usempilweni. Ukuthatha iMagnesium ixesha elide kubalulekile kwiinkqubo ezininzi emzimbeni, kubandakanya ukulawula ukusebenza kwemisipha kunye nemithambo-luvo, amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokwenza iiprotein, ithambo kunye ne-DNA.
Ngaba yonke i-magnesium ibangela urhudo?
Iifomathi zemagniziyam zixhaphakileyo ukubangela urhudo zibandakanya i-magnesium carbonate, i-chloride, i-gluconate, kunye ne-oxide. Urhudo kunye nefuthe le-laxative ye-magnesium salts zibangelwa ngumsebenzi osmotic weetyuwa ezingafakwanga emathunjini nakwikholoni kunye nokukhuthaza kwesisu esiswini.
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani ukusebenza kwemagniziyam L?Ukufakwa ngomlomo nge-MgT kubonisiwe ukuthatha ubuncinci kwinyanga enye yokunyusa amanqanaba e-magnesium engqondo kwinqanaba elifunekayo lokuba nefuthe ekwakhiweni kwememori.
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Ngaba i-magnesium ibangela i-Alzheimer's?
Ukuba namanqanaba emagniziyam aphezulu kakhulu okanye asezantsi kakhulu anokukubeka emngciphekweni wesifo i-Alzheimer's kunye nezinye i-dementias, abaphandi baseDatshi baxela.
Zithini iimpawu zemagniziyam ephantsi?
Xa inqanaba le-magnesium emzimbeni liyehla ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, iimpawu zikhula ngenxa yemagnesium ephantsi. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-magnesium ephantsi zibandakanya:
- Utywala basebenzisa
- Ukutsha okuchaphazela indawo enkulu yomzimba
- Urhudo olunganyangekiyo
- Ukuchama kakhulu (i-polyuria), njengesifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo kunye nokuchacha ukusilela kwezintso
- I-Hyperaldosteronism (ukuphazamiseka apho i-adrenal gland ikhupha kakhulu i-hormone aldosterone egazini)
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesifo sezintso
- I-Malabsorption syndromes, enjengesifo se-celiac kunye nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo
- Ukungondleki
- Amayeza afaka i-amphotericin, cisplatin, cyclosporine, diuretics, proton pump inhibitors, kunye ne-aminoglycoside antibiotics
- I-Pancreatitis (ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwepancreas)
- Ukujuluka okukhulu
Ngaba ivithamin D inokuthintela i-Alzheimer's?Uvavanyo lwezilwanyana kunye ne-in vitro lubonisa ukuba ivithamin D inokubakho kunyango olunokuthintela kunye nonyango lokwehla kwengqondo kunye nokudodobala kwengqondo. Izifundo ezibini zakutshanje ezinokubakho zikwacebisa ukuba amanqanaba asezantsi e-25 (OH) D anyusa umngcipheko wokuhla kwengqondo okukhulu.
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Yeyiphi iMagnesium eyona ilungileyo kwimithambo?
Umvelisi ubanga ukuba isongezelelo se-magnesium sinceda ekulweni iintlungu zemisipha, ukuphucula umgangatho wokulala, kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo. Bacacisa kananjalo ukuba le fomu yemagniziyam (i-magnesium bisglycinate) intle esiswini kunezinye iindlela zezimbiwa.
Ngaba kungcono ukuthatha i-magnesium kusasa okanye ebusuku?
Izongezo zeMagnesium zinokuthathwa nangaliphi na ixesha losuku, ukuba nje uyakwazi ukuzithatha ngokungaguquguqukiyo. Abanye, ukuthatha izinto zokuqala ekuseni kunokuba lula, ngelixa abanye banokufumanisa ukuba ukubathatha ngesidlo sangokuhlwa okanye ngaphambi nje kokuba balale kusebenza kubo.
Ngaba iMagnesium ilungile kwimithambo ecinyiweyo?
I-Magnesium-yiminerali ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yenkqubo yemithambo kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba.
Izibonelelo zeMagnesium (Mg) zibonisiwe ukuba ziphucula kakhulu ukubuyiswa kokusebenza kwezifo ezahlukeneyo ze-neurological. Izibonelelo ezifanelekileyo zokongezwa kweMg kwiziphazamiso zemithambo-luvo azikacaciswa okwangoku.
Ngaba i-magnesium inganceda ukuthuthumela?
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokunqongophala kwemagnesium zibandakanya ukujija kwemisipha, iinyikima kunye neekram. Nangona kunjalo, izongezo akunakulindeleka ukuba zinciphise ezi mpawu kubantu abangenanto.
Ngaba iMagnesium ilungile kwiParkinson?
Isifundo sokuqala seParkinson sifumana ifom yeMagnesium ukuze ifikelele kwiBongo yokuCothisa iMoto, Ilahleko yeNeuronal
Zeziphi iimpawu zemagniziyam ephantsi emzimbeni?
Iimpawu zokuqala zemagnesium zibandakanya:
- isicaphulelo
- ukuhlanza
- ubuthathaka
- nciphisa ukutya
Njengoko ukusilela kwe-magnesium kuya kusiba, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:
- bhinqa
- ukubetha
- izihlunu zemithambo
- ukuxhamla
- Ukuxhamla kwemisipha
- utshintsho kubuntu
- isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
Ngaba i-turmeric iyanceda isifo sikaParkinson?Kuphononongo olupapashwe kwiMvavanyo yoNyango kunye noNyango, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba i-turmeric inokukhusela inkqubo ye-neva kwiityhefu ezichaphazelekayo ekubangeleni ukonakala kwenkqubo yesifo kwisifo sika-Parkinson.
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Yintoni ebuhlungu isifo Parkinson?
Utshintsho kunyango, usulelo, ukungabikho kwamanzi emzimbeni, ukulala, ukuhlinzwa kutshanje, uxinzelelo, okanye ezinye iingxaki zonyango zinokuzenza mandundu iimpawu zePD. Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract (nokuba ngaphandle kweempawu zesinyi) sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo. ICEBISO: Amanye amayeza anokuzenza mandundu iimpawu zePD.
Ngaba i-magnesium iyayichaphazela imemori?
Isifundo esitsha sicebisa ukuba ukwandisa ukutya kwakho kwemagniziyam, iminerali ebalulekileyo efumaneka kwimifuno enamagqabi amnyama kunye neziqhamo ezithile, iimbotyi kunye namandongomane, kunokunceda ekulweni imemori engahambelaniyo nokuguga.
Ngaba i-magnesium iyanceda ngeoksijini?
Enye yeendima ezibaluleke ngakumbi kukunceda ukwakha unyamezelo ngokwandisa amandla eoksijini omzimba. Kodwa iyanceda: Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusempilweni.
Ngaba i-magnesium inyusa i-serotonin?
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukongeza nge-magnesium kunokunceda ukwandisa amanqanaba e-serotonin. Ngapha koko, amanqanaba asezantsi e-serotonin aye aqatshelwa kwizigulana ezinesiphene semagniziyam. Isifundo esixoxe ngokukhulisa i-serotonin nge-magnesium sixele impumelelo.
Ngaba i-magnesium inika amandla?IMagnesium idlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni, njengokuxhasa ukusebenza kwemisipha kunye ne-nerve kunye nemveliso yamandla. Amanqanaba e-magnesium asezantsi awabangeli zimpawu kwixesha elifutshane. Nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba asezantsi angapheliyo anokunyusa umngcipheko woxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, uhlobo lweswekile 2 kunye ne-osteoporosis.
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Yeyiphi eyona magnesium L ilungileyo?
- Ubungakanani beNdalo yokuCoca iiGummies.
- NGOKU Ukutya kweMagnesium Citrate njengeVapsules.
- I-Vitafusion Magnesium Gummy iivithamini.
- Ulwandiso loBomi i-Neuro-Mag Magnesium L-Threonate.
- IMagtein Magnesium L-Threonate.
- I-BioSchwartz Magnesium Bisglycinate.
- Ukufunxa okuphezulu kweGqirha ngokuGqwesileyo okuphezulu kwiipesenti ezili-100 kwiipilisi zeMagnesium.
Kutheni magnesium glycinate ngcono?
I-Magnesium glycinate ibonakalisiwe ukuba inezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya oku kulandelayo: Inesiphumo sokuthomalalisa kwingqondo yakho ngenxa yobukho be-glycine. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokukhuthaza ukulala okungcono. Kuyanceda ukugcina amathambo omelele ngokugcina uxinano lwamathambo asempilweni.
Ngaba i-magnesium Glycinate efanayo ne-magnesium?
Zininzi iindlela ze-magnesium ezikhoyo, sihlala sikhetha ukusebenzisa i-magnesium citrate kunye / okanye ne-magnesium glycinate. Ifom ye-Magnesium glycinate iluncedo ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinje ngoxinzelelo, ukungalali, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo kunye neemeko zokukrala.
Ngaba i-magnesium Glycinate iyakunceda?
I-Magnesium glycinate lolunye uhlobo olukhulu lwe-magnesium yokulala. Yeyona fomu ifunxwe kakuhle kakhulu yemagniziyam, kwaye ithambile kwisisu, ngenxa yoko akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba ube neziphumo zesisu okanye ucaphukise isisu sakho.
Yintoni unyango ngemagniziyam glycinate?
Eli yeza longezelelwa ngamaminerali elisetyenziselwa ukukhusela nokunyanga amanani asezantsi e-magnesium egazini. Ezinye iimveliso zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu zesisu esine-asidi esiswini njengokukhathazeka sisisu, isitshisa, kunye ne-asidi indigestion.
Yintoni ongafanele uyithathe ngemagniziyam?Nangona izongezo zemagniziyam zithathwa njengezikhuselekileyo, kuya kufuneka ujonge umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba uzithathe-ngakumbi ukuba unempilo. Isongezelelo samaminerali sinokungakhuselekanga kubantu abathatha i-diuretics, amayeza entliziyo, okanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
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Kufuneka ungayithathi nini i-magnesium?
Hlola nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-magnesium. Iingozi. Abantu abanesifo seswekile, isifo samathumbu, isifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sezintso akufuneki bathathe i-magnesium ngaphambi kokuba bathethe nomboneleli wabo wezempilo.
Ndazi njani ukuba ndisezantsi kwimagnesium?
Olunye lweempawu zokuqala zokusilela kwe-magnesium kuhlala kukudinwa. Unokuqaphela ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha, ubuthathaka okanye ukuqina ngokunjalo. Ukuphulukana nomdla kunye nesicaphucaphu zezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo kumanqanaba okuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ngekhe uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu kwasekuqaleni.
Ndiza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokulala?
Ukuba ucwangcisa ukusebenzisa izongezo zemagniziyam njengesixhobo sokulala, sicebisa ukuba uthathe iiyure eziyi-1-2 ngaphambi kokuba ulale. Cinga ukongeza i-magnesium kwindlela yakho yokulala.
Zeziphi iivithamini ongafanele uzithathe kunye?
Iidosi ezinkulu zeeminerali zinokukhuphisana ukuba zifunxwe. Sukusebenzisa i-calcium, zinc, okanye izongezo zemagniziyam ngaxeshanye.
Ngaba i-magnesium L Threonate ilungile kwixhala?
I-Magnesium L Threonate Ukuphakamisa kunokuphucula imeko, uxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Ngaphaya koko, iphepha elahlukileyo elapapashwa kwiphephancwadi lePain Physician lafumanisa ukuba i-magnesium L-threonate ithintela kwaye ibuyisela umva imemori enxulumene nentlungu engapheliyo ye-neuropathic.
Loluphi uhlobo lwemagniziyam olungeyona ilungileyo?Iifom ye-magnesium enyibilika kakuhle kulwelo ifunxwe ngokupheleleyo emathunjini kuneendlela ezinganyibilikiyo. Izifundo ezincinci ziye zafumanisa ukuba i-magnesium kwi-aspartate, i-citrate, i-lactate, kunye ne-chloride iifom zifakwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zifumaneka ngakumbi kune-magnesium oxide kunye ne-magnesium sulfate.
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Ndingathatha ixesha elide ngemagniziyam?
Imithamo engaphantsi kwama-350 mg yonke imihla ikhuselekile kuninzi lwabantu abadala. Kwabanye abantu, i-magnesium inokubangela isisu ukuphazamiseka, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, kunye nezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Xa ithathwa ngesixa esikhulu (ngaphezu kwe-350 mg yonke imihla), i-magnesium inokwenzeka ukuba ayikhuselekanga.
Imagnesium ikuchaphazela njani ukuhamba kwamathumbu?
I-Stool Softener: I-Magnesium idonsa amanzi emathunjini, isebenza njenge-osmotic laxative. Olu konyuka emanzini luvuselela ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Ikwathambisa kwaye yonyuse ubungakanani besitulo, ibangela intshukumo yamathumbu kwaye incede ekwenzeni izitulo kube lula ukudlula.
Kukangaphi ngosuku kufuneka uthathe i-magnesium?
I-Magnesium yinto ebalulekileyo yezimbiwa ebandakanyekayo kwiinkalo ezininzi zempilo yakho. I-National Academy of Medicine icebisa ukuba ingagqithi kwi-350 mg yemagniziyam eyongezelelweyo ngosuku. Nokuba uthatha i-magnesium ukuphucula umzimba wakho ngalo naliphi na ixesha losuku, okoko unako ukubathatha ngokungaguquguqukiyo.
Yeyiphi indlela ebalaseleyo yokufumana i-magnesium?
- ukunciphisa okanye ukunqanda ukutya okune-calcium eneeyure ezimbini ngaphambi okanye emva kokutya ukutya okune-magnesium.
- ukunqanda izongezo zedosi ephezulu.
- unyango lwe-vitamin D.
- ukutya imifuno eluhlaza endaweni yokupheka.
- ukuyeka ukutshaya.
Kutheni le nto sifuna iMagnesium L-Threonate?
I-Magnesium yiminerali ebalulekileyo kwaye umzimba uyisebenzisa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula ze-metabolic ezingama-300. Ikwangowesine ubukhulu obuninzi emzimbeni womntu. Umzimba usebenzisa i-magnesium kulawulo loxinzelelo lwegazi, ukosuleleka kwemisipha, ukuhanjiswa kwesiginali ye-nerve kunye nemveliso yamandla. Njengoko i-magnesium iyiminerali ebaluleke kangako, ukunqongophala kwayo kungakhokelela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-migraines, isifo seswekile-2 seswekile, ukuphazamiseka kwemvakalelo kunye nezifo zentliziyo ezahlukeneyo. Ngelixa le minerali inokufumaneka kwizibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zendalo, kubandakanya imifuno, amandongomane, iimbewu kunye neesum, isibini kwisithathu sabantu behlabathi sibaswele. Kungenxa yoko, abantu bahlala becetyiswa ukuba basebenzise i-magnesium ngohlobo lwezixhasi. Olunye uhlobo longezo lwe-magnesium olufumene ukuthandwa okukhulu kwixa elidlulileyo iMagnesium L-threonate.
Kule nqaku, sikuxelela yonke into eyaziwayo malunga neMagnesium L-threonate kwaye kutheni kufuneka uyisebenzise. Ke funda ngoku.
Yintoni iMagnesium L-threonate Side Effect?
Uphando lubonisa ukuba iMagnesium L-threonate ikhuselekile kwaye inyamezelwe kakuhle ngumzimba xa uthathwa kwimithamo yethamo lingaphantsi kwama-350 mg ngosuku. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwe-Magnesium L-threonate ulahleko kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, njengokucaphuka, ukugabha, njalo-njalo. I-Magnesium L-threonate, xa ithathwa isisixa esikhulu, yonyusa ukwakhiwa kwe-magnesium ngaphakathi komzimba, ekhokelela kwiimeko ezinje ngexinzelelo legazi elisezantsi, ukunyuka kwenqanaba lentliziyo, ukunciphisa ukuphefumla, njl .njl. Magnesium L-threonate isongezelelo. Eli chiza likhuselekile kubafazi abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo kunye nabantwana xa lithathwa kwiidosi eziphantsi.
Zithini izibonelelo zeMagnesium L-threonate?
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeenzuzo zeMagnesium L-threonate kwaye sizame ukuqonda ukuba kutheni lo mthombo wemagniziyam uthanda ukuthandwa kangaka.
① I-Magnesium L-threonate Ngokufanelekileyo Ukulwa i-ADHDEsinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuthandwa kweMagnesium L-threonate kukukwazi kwayo ukuphucula amanqanaba emagnesium kwingqondo. Kuba le tyuwa ifunxwa ngokulula ngumzimba, yindlela esebenzayo yokwenza i-magnesium ifikelele kwiiseli zobuchopho. IMagnesium idlala indima ephambili ekomelezeni impilo yokuqonda- iyakwazi ukubuyisela umva iimpawu zokuguga kwengqondo, ezinje nge-ADHD okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kuba i-ADHD yimeko ethatha ixesha ukukhula, abantu abaqondi ukuba bane-ADHD de ifikelele kwinqanaba apho kuye kube nzima ukujongana nako. I-Magnesium L-threonate, ke, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunyuseni impilo yengqondo, ngakumbi kwimeko yabantu abadala kunye nokugcina i-ADHD kude. (1). Ilanga, Q., Weinger, JG, Mao, F., & Liu, G. (2016).
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Sisikhumbuzo esimangalisayo kunye nokuNcedisa okuQinisekisayo
Xa abantu bekhula, ingqondo yabo iqala ukuncipha ngobungakanani. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokulahleka kwee-synapses kunye neziphumo zokwehla kwengqondo okuhambelana nobudala. Izifundo zophando ezenziweyo kwiminyaka edlulileyo zibonise ukuba iMagnesium L-threonate iphucula uxinano lweesinxibelelanisi ngaphakathi kwengqondo, okuthi kukhokelele kwimemori engcono kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo. Ngamazwi alula, i-magnesium enikezwe nguMagnesium L-threonate inokubuyisela ukuguga kwengqondo kwaye ke, iphakamise impilo yengqondo, ngakumbi kubadala.
Inceda ukulwa noxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo
Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo ziye zaba ziqhelekileyo iingxaki. Umsinga wokungaqiniseki owenziwe yi-COVID-19 bhubhane okwenze ukuba le micimbi ixhaphake kunakuqala. Izifundo zibonise unxibelelwano oluthile phakathi kwe-magnesium kunye nokudakumba kunye noxinzelelo. Kuba i-magnesium iyayichaphazela ngqo inkqubo yovalo, inokumenza umntu azole kwaye aphumle. Ke, i-magnesium L-threonate inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekupheliseni uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo.
I-Magnesium L-threonate
④ Ikhulisa iMithambo yezeMpilo kunye neMisipha
Ukunqongophala kweMagnesium kukwadityaniswa namathambo kunye nezihlunu ezibuthathaka kunye nokuxinana. Ke, abantu abanesifo samathambo bahlala becetyiswa ukuba bathathe iMagnesium L-threonate njengesongezelelo se-magnesium. Ngapha koko, le ityiwa isoloko icetyiswa njengokwenza amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu.
⑤ I-Magnesium L-Threonate inceda abantu ukuba balale ngcono
Izifundo ezininzi zophando zibonise ukuba umntu ukuze alale ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka abe nenani elifanelekileyo le-magnesium emzimbeni wakhe. I-Magnesium iyenza isebenze inkqubo ye-parasympathetic system, ehlaziya umzimba wonke. Okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba, i-magnesium idibanisa kunye ne-GABA receptors ngaphakathi komzimba kunye nokuthomalalisa inkqubo yovalo lomntu, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ingqondo nomzimba ukuba uzive ukhululekile. I-Magnesium L-threonate iqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-magnesium eninzi ngaphakathi komzimba ukuqinisekisa ubusuku bokulala ngokuvakalayo.
⑥ Ezinye iZibonelelo
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izibonelelo ezichazwe apha ngasentla, iMagnesium L-threonate ikwasetyenziswa kwezinye iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Le ityiwa inikwa ukunciphisa intlungu emva kwe-hysterectomy. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukukhulula iintlungu zesifuba ezibangelwa yimithambo evalekileyo. Okokugqibela, le yetyuwa ibonakalisiwe ukuba inceda ekulahlekeni kwindlebe, i-fibromyalgia kunye neswekile. Abanye abantu bade bayithathe ukuthoba amanqanaba e-cholesterol yabo.
Ndingayithenga phi i-magnesium L?Ukuba ujonge ukurhwebesha iMagnesium L-threonate supplement, ufuna umthengisi wezinto ezinokuthenjwa nothembekileyo. Ukuba ujonga indawo yokuthenga iMagnesium L-threonate powder ngesixa, thenga eCofttek. Inkampani iyaziwa ngaphakathi kwishishini lezonyango ngenxa yomzekelo wovavanyo lokuhlalutya kunye namandla ophando olusemgangathweni. ICofttek ikwanamaqela olawulo anamava kunye neqela lokuqala le-R & D kunye neengcali ezivela kwihlabathi liphela.
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ICofttek yasekwa ngonyaka ka-2008 kwaye kwisithuba nje seminyaka embalwa, inkampani izenzele igama kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya itekhnoloji yokwenziwa, ukuphuculwa kweziyobisi, i-bioengineering, chemistry yezamayeza, njlnjl. Namhlanje, inkampani inabaxhasi eMntla Melika, eIndiya. , I-China ne-Yurophu kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wayo 'woSiseko soMgangatho, ukuThengwa kwabaThengi kuqala, iNkonzo yokunyaniseka, ukuZuza ngokuBambisana' kuyincedile ekudaleni abathengi abonwabileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Imagnesium L-threonate ebonelelwe yinkampani iza kwiidrama ezingama-25 kgs kwaye imveliso nganye inokuthenjwa ngomgangatho wayo ophezulu. Ke, ukuba ufuna iMagnesium L-threonate powder ngobuninzi, Ivenkile kwi-cofttek.com.
Ngaba i-calcium kunye ne-magnesium kufuneka zithathwe kunye okanye ngokwahlukeneyo?
Kuba i-magnesium isebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye ne-calcium, kubalulekile ukuba ube nomyinge ofanelekileyo wazo zombini izimbiwa ukuze zisebenze. Umgaqo olungileyo wesithupha yi-2: 1 calcium-to-magnesium ratio. Umzekelo, ukuba uthatha i-1000mg ye-calcium, kuya kufuneka uthathe i-500mg ye-magnesium.
Umququzeleli, ubunkokheli bobunkokheli kwinkampani; I-PhD ifunyenwe kwiYunivesithi yaseFudan kwi-organic chemistry. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka esithoba yamava kwi-organic chemistry kunye noyilo lweziyobisi synthesis; phantse i-10 lamaphepha ophando apapashwe kwiijenali ezigunyazisiweyo, nangaphezulu kweepatent ezintlanu zase China
Ucaphulo
(1). Ilanga, Q., Weinger, JG, Mao, F., & Liu, G. (2016). Ummiselo wolwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kokuxinana kwe-synapse ngo-L-threonate ngokumodareyitha koxinzelelo lwe-intraneuronal magnesium. I-Neuropharmacology, 108, 426-439.
(2). UMazreku, IN, Ahmetaj, H., Aliko, V., Bislimi, K., Halili, F., kunye noHalili, J. (2017). Umsebenzi weCatalase (CAT), i-ALT kunye ne-AST kumacandelo ahlukeneyo eempuku zeSwitzerland zeAlbino ezinyangiweyo nge-Lead Acetate, iVitamin C kunye neMagnesium-L-Threonate. Ijenali yoPhando lweKlinikhi kunye noPhononongo, 11 (11).
(3). IMickley, GA, Hoxha, N., Luchsinger, JL, Rogers, MM, kunye neeWiles, NR (2013). Ukutya okungapheliyo kwemagniziyam-L-threonate isantya sokuphela kunye nokunciphisa ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwimeko yencasa yomgangatho. I-Pharmacology Biochemistry kunye nokuziphatha, 106, 16-26.
(4).I-Magnesium l-threonate (778571-57-6).
(6).I-Oleoylethanolamide (oea) -i-wand yemilingo yobomi bakho.
(7).I-Anandamide vs cbd: yeyiphi engcono kwimpilo yakho? Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngabo!
(8).Yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga ne-nicotinamide riboside chloride.
(9).Palmitoylethanolamide (ertyisi): izibonelelo, idosi, ukusetyenziswa, isongezelelo.
(10).Izibonelelo zezempilo ezi-6 eziphezulu ze-resveratrol supplements.
(11).Izibonelelo ezi-5 eziphezulu zokuthatha i-phosphatidylserine (ps).
(12).Izibonelelo ezi-5 eziphezulu zokuthatha i-pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq).
(13).Olona hlobo longezelelekileyo lwe-alpha gpc.
(14).Olona nyango lulungileyo lokuguga lwenicotinamide mononucleotide (nmn).
UGqr. Zeng Zhaosen
I-CEO&UMSEKI
Umququzeleli, ubunkokheli bobunkokheli kwinkampani; I-PhD ifunyenwe kwiYunivesithi yaseFudan kwi-organic chemistry. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka esithoba yamava kwicandelo lokudibanisa izinto eziphilayo. Amava atyebileyo kwi-chemistry yokudibanisa, amayeza ekhemesti kunye nokwenziwa kwesiko kunye nolawulo lweprojekthi.Ndifikelele ngoku


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Yiyiphi eyona nkunkuma yekati
I-litter engcono kakhulu yekati yinto engokwemvelo, ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye izinzileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sicebisa:
1. I-Clumping i-litter yekati engavelisi uthuli oluyityhefu - kwaye ngoko ke akukho nto i-allergy, i-asthma kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuphefumla.
Kutheni le nto oku kubaluleke kangaka?
2. Inkunkuma yekati engeyiyo ityhefu ethi icuthe ubuninzi benkunkuma eveliswayo kwaye ke ngoko ifanele indalo esingqongileyo.
3. Inkunkuma yekati engonakalisi imo engqongileyo ngemichiza eyingozi, isinyithi esinzima, ii-dioxins, iikhemikhali ezine-perfluorinated, ii-PCB, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.
4. Inkunkuma yekati eyenziwe ngendlela ekhusela impilo yabasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo kwaye ayilungiswanga ngendlela ezonakalisa indalo.
5. Inkunkuma yekati engonakalisi izilwanyana zasendle okanye indawo yokuhlala yezilwanyana zasendle.
6. I-litter yekati eyenziwe kwizinto ezizinzileyo, ezihlaziyiweyo kwaye zingonakalisi indalo.
7. I-litter yekati i-biodegradable okanye i-compostable kwaye yenziwe ngezinto ezihlaziyiweyo, ezizinzileyo.
8. I-litter yekati eyenziwe ngezinto ezihlaziyiweyo ngokwemvelo kwaye ayilimazi indalo.
9. Inkunkuma yekati engenazo iidayi, iziqholo, iziqholo, izibulala-zinambuzane kunye nezinye iikhemikhali eziyingozi.
10. I-litter yekati eyenziwe ngezinto ezihlaziyiweyo ngokwemvelo kwaye ayilimazi indalo.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, sicebisa imveliso:
yenziwa ngabavelisi abakhasayo abazinikeleyo kokusingqongileyo kunye nokudala ikamva elizinzileyo.
Yeyiphi eyona nkunkuma ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiphephe?
Ezinye iilitha zekati ziqulethe iikhemikhali ezinobungozi ezibangelwa yinkqubo yokuvelisa. Ezi ziquka:
1. Ezo zineekhemikhali ezine-perfluorinated (PFCs), eziye zanxulunyaniswa neengxaki zedlala lengqula.
2. Ezo zineentsimbi ezinzima ezifana nemercury, lead, cadmium kunye nechromium.
3. Ezo zine-dioxins, eziyityhefu kwaye ziye zadibaniswa neengxaki zokuzala kunye nomhlaza.
4. Ezo ziqulethe iintsholongwane ezinobungozi ezifana neCryptococcus kunye neClostridium.
5. Ezo zineetyhefu ezingaziwayo ezingakhange zivavanyelwe ukhuseleko.
Ndazi njani ukuba inkunkuma yekati yam iyingozi?
Inkunkuma yekati inokuba yingozi ukuba iqulethe nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:
1. Ii-PFCs, eziluhlobo lwekhemikhali esetyenziselwa ukwenza iiplastiki zikwazi ukumelana namanzi.
2.
ИзBиHиTe, B дaHHoй pyбpиke HeT ToBapoB
Bona Okuninzi
Uninzi lweekati ziyaqhubeka zikhula de kube malunga nenqaku eli-1 lonyaka. Malunga neenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-14, uninzi lweekati ziyayeka ukukhula. Kwakhona, oku kuyinyaniso kwiikati ezininzi, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ayizizo zonke. Ukuthi ikati iya kuyeka ukukhula kwindawo ethile phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emi-4 luluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lobudala onokuthi usebenze nalo, kodwa awukwazi ukuba xa kufikwa kwikati yakho ukuba uya kuwela ... Funda ngokugqithisileyo
Ngokunjalo, Sithatha ixesha elingakanani isithambisi sendle ukusebenza kwiikati? Qinisekisa ukuba isilwanyana sakho sinokufikelela kumanzi amaninzi okusela acocekileyo ngamaxesha onke ngelixa usebenzisa le mayeza. Eli liyeza kufuneka lisebenze phakathi kwe-1 ukuya kwiintsuku ze-2, kwaye ukuphuculwa kweempawu zeklinikhi kufuneka kulandele. Ukugcina oku engqondweni, Ngaba ndinganika ikati yam into yokuthambisa isitulo somntu? Kodwa kubalulekile ukunqanda ukulawula nawaphi na amayeza omntu okanye i-laxatives kwikati yakho. Khumbula ukuba umngcipheko wokwenzakala kunye nobutyhefu yinyani kwaye inokwenza imeko ephathwa ngokulula ibe yingxaki enkulu kakhulu. Funda ngokugqithisileyo
Iikati ezincinci zisengozini yokufumana i-pica syndrome. Unobangela wepica awukaziwa, kodwa iingcali ziqikelela ukuba oko kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi ezinjengokulunyulwa usemncinci kakhulu, ukunqongophala kokutya, ufuzo, ukukruquka, ukunyanzeliswa kwengxaki, okanye uxinzelelo. Ukuqala kwe-pica kunokuba kwangoko kwiinyanga ezi-3 kwaye ezinye iikati ziyakwazi ukukhula kuyo nge-1-2 yeminyaka ubudala. Funda ngokugqithisileyo
Le hempe yeVintage Retro iBest Cat Tat Ever sizipho ezimangalisayo zomyeni, utata, utata, utatomkhulu, umalume, pop, poppy, unyana, umtshana othanda iKati, iCostume yeKati entle. Ngaba ukunxiba le Best Cat Tata Ever ihempe ukubonisa uthando lwakho uTata ngeValentine okanye abafazi imini #best#tata#ever#cat#ever#vintage#herren#tata#day#fathers#birthday#happy#fist. Funda ngokugqithisileyo

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Umfazi wase-Aquarius unxanelwe kakhulu inkululeko. Ungumhlobo omkhulu, kwaye indlela ahamba ngayo malunga nobudlelwane ayinakuqondwa ngumntu wonke.
Engahambelaniyo kunye ne-wacky, umfazi wase-Aquarius ufuna abantu abavulekileyo. Unokuza nezimvo ezingaqhelekanga zomhla wokuqala, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukhumbula ukuba wakusa phi. Mthembe kwaye uqinisekile ukuba uya kuba nexesha elimnandi.
Uphawu lwento yomoya, i-Aquarius ijolise ikakhulu kwimisebenzi enentlalontle, okanye eyengqondo.
Ukuba ngumqondiso ochanekileyo, umfazi wase-Aquarius akayi kuphendula kwizimvo zabanye abantu. Ulawulwa ngu-Uranus, eyiplanethi yenguqu, umfazi wase-Aquarius uya kuhlala enomdla kuphuhliso kunye neengcinga eziguqukayo.
Scorpio indoda kunye ne-aquarius woman
Akukho mqobo ummi wase-Aquarius ongakwaziyo ukuwoyisa. Ngenxa yobume bendalo kunye nobukrelekrele bakhe, unokuza nezisombululo xa yena okanye omnye umntu esengxakini.
Unendlela eyodwa yokuqinisekisa abantu kwaye uhlala ejonge ukuphucula umhlaba.
Inenekazi lase-Aquarius lithanda ukucela umngeni kwabo bamcela ukuba ahlole ingqondo yakhe. Uyabavavanya ukuze babone ukuba zikrelekrele kangakanani kwaye zilungele yena.
Ukulindela kwakhe
Ungamtsala umfazi kwi-Aquarius kuphela ngeentetho zakho. Unomdla kakhulu kwinto ethethwa ngabantu abakrelekrele njengoko naye engumfazi okrelekrele.
Ukuzimela kwakhe kungokwakhe kuphela kwaye akukho namnye umntu oza kudlala naye. Kwabanye, usenokuba ngumvukeli. Ekuqhubekeni kobudlelwane naye, kubalulekile ukuba unxibelelane kwaye ube nolwazi.
Njengomfazi owazalelwa e-Aquarius engenguye o-egocentric okanye we-narcissistic, akasokuze ajonge ukuphathwa ngokwahlukileyo, okanye ukuxabiswa xa engafanelekanga.
Owona mnqweno wakhe ubalaseleyo ebomini kukushiyeka enze le nto ayifunayo. Abo bamshiya enze nantoni na ayithandayo ngabo bafumana uxabiso lwakhe.
Ukuba phambili kutshintsho, akukho ndawo kubomi beli bhinqa kumasiko amadala. Ungumophuli wendalo kwaye uyayithiya nantoni na enento yokwenza nokucalulwa.scorpio umfazi uthandana indoda unogwesha
Ungumntu olwela amalungelo abantu abangenalungelo kwaye uya kuba nenxaxheba kwimikhankaso eyahlukeneyo yezopolitiko nezentlalo.
Ukuba ungomnye wabo bantu babekuthanda ngcono xa 'umncinci', okanye ngamaxesha ka-gogo, akufuneki usondele nakumfazi wase-Aquarius njengoko ebeya kukwenza uzive ungonwabanga.
Iqabane elilinganayo lentombazana ye-Aquarius kufuneka lizibeke kwicala elifanayo njengaye.
Ukuba ufuna ukuphumelela intliziyo yomfazi ka-Aquarius, yinyani. Uyayixabisa xa abantu benyanisekile kwaye bethetha ezingqondweni zabo.
Akunakulunga ukuba ulahle izipho ezininzi kuye njengoko ezifumanisa zingenakwenzeka kwaye zinganyanisekanga. Uya kuphendula kuphela kumsa ovakaliswe ngamazwi. Zicingele, ungubani, kwaye yintoni ekwenza ukuba uphawule, umxelele eli bali.
yintoni umatshi uphawu lwe-4 zodiac
Beka lonke uthando onalo ekumxeleleni oku kwaye uya kukuwela phantse kwangoko. Yonke into ayifunayo kwiqabane elinokubakho yingxoxo enomdla kwenye indawo evuselelayo, umzekelo, ilayibrari-cafe.
Uthandana njani naye
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, le yeyona miqondiso ye-eccentric kwi-zodiac. Ukuthandana ne-Aquarius ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kukuchukumisa kwintlanganiso yokuqala.
Umvukeli ebomini, uya kumhla ukuba umntu onomdla kuye uya kukwazi ukunyaniseka kwaye agcine incoko emnandi.
Imihla kunye naye ayiqhelekanga nayo. Ukhetha imovie yaseYurophu ngaphezulu kwesidlo sangokuhlwa kwindawo yokutyela exakekileyo.
Nantoni na eyenza ukuba ingqondo yakhe ifumanise kwaye iphonononge iya kumonwabisa ukuze ujonge le miba. Ukuba uthandana naye, mkhuphele ngaphandle ukuya kubhukisha imiboniso, isekisi, ingqokelela entsha kwimyuziyam.
Kuba wonwabile kwiqela elikhulu, phuma nabahlobo bakhe ekuqaleni ukuze akhululeke. Kuphela emva koko mthathe kumhla osondeleyo. Uya kuhlala unokwabelana nabahlobo bakhe nangona ebeka ixabiso kubuhlobo.
Ukuba awukuthandi ukunamathela, isimilo sokuziphatha komnye umntu, ungathi enkosi kwi-zodiac yomfazi we-Aquarius. Ihlala ikhutshiwe kwaye ikhululekile, eli nenekazi liya kunika iqabane lalo okanye umhla wenkululeko efanayo eliyifunayo.Sukugxotha umfazi wase-Aquarius ngokunyanzelisa kakhulu. Cofa kuTwitter
Musa ukucinga ukuba uyabanda okanye akanandaba. Uyathandana kwaye unothando njengaye wonke umntu, ikukuba nje enendlela eyahlukileyo yokubona ubudlelwane.
Yenza umfazi wakho we-Aquarius azive ngathi nguye yedwa onelungelo lokuqwalaselwa, kubo bonke abantu. Hlela into ekhethekileyo kuye kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uya kuyikhumbula.
inyanga kwiimpawu zomfazi wegemini
Kubafazi kwi-Aquarius ubuhlobo bunokubaluleka kwezothando. Unokumelana ngokulula ngaphandle kokuba nomntu iminyaka.
Wayengenakucinga ubudlelwane nomntu angaqali ukumbona njengomhlobo othembekileyo. Akunakuthethwa malunga nee-Aquarius ukuba bayazithanda okanye bazaliswe ziimvakalelo ezixubekileyo kuba akufani kwaphela.
Ubomi kufutshane nenenekazi le-Aquarius abusoze budinise. Uninzi luya kufuna ukuthandana naye, ke konwaba ukuba ukhethe wena. Ukuba ujonga uluvo oluxabisekileyo kunye notshintsho olwahlukileyo kubomi bakho, thandana nomfazi wase-Aquarius.
Phakathi kwamashiti
Kwigumbi lokulala, umfazi wase-Aquarius uya kuzibandakanya kwiminqweno. Akaninzi kangako ekuthandeni umzimba, ke isini ayisiyiyo into ayikhathaleleyo kangako.
Ukuba unqwenela ngaphezulu kokunikezela kwakhe, mxelele le nto. Uya kuqonda kwaye umamele. Sukuthemba ukuba aqaphele ukuba ungafuna into entsha. Akayi kuyenza.
neptune kwindlu ye-11
Ukuba unqwenela ukulandela into enomdla kunye nomfazi wase-Aquarius, mxelele ngeemvakalelo zakho. Akanomdla wokufumana iqabane kwaye akasokoli xa esophuka.
Umzuzu oza kumenza azive ngathi inkululeko yakhe iyahlaselwa, uya kubaleka kwaye angaze ajonge ngasemva.
Phonononga ngakumbi
Izinto eziphambili ezi-9 zokwazi ngaphambi kokuDibana ne-Aquarius
Iimpawu zomfazi wase-Aquarius Ethandweni, kwiKhondo loMsebenzi nakuBomi
Ngaba abafazi be-Aquarius banomona kwaye banako?


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Iprofayile yekhampani
I-CHENGDU DATANG INXIBELELWANO CABLE CO., LTD, emva kokubiza i-DATANG CABLE, esekwe kwi-1999, ngumvelisi okhokelayo wenkqubo ye-copper cabling kunye ne-fiber cabling system e-China.I-DATANG CABLE ikhethekileyo kwi-R&D, ukuvelisa, ukuthengisa, ukusasazwa kwentambo yonxibelelwano ngefowuni kunye nezixhobo eTshayina nakwiimarike zehlabathi.Ngemigudu eqhubekayo, i-DATANG CABLE ibe yi-Top10 Cabling System Brand e-China ukususela ngo-2009.
I-DATANG CABLE igxile kuphando lwentambo kunye nokutsha eTshayina ukusukela ngo-1965.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 yamava e-R&D, sibe negalelo ekuyileni imigangatho emininzi yelizwe kunye neminye imigangatho yoshishino.I-DATANG CABLE ineqela lobuchwephesha lobuchwephesha kwaye sinokunikela ngenkxaso yobugcisa obuqinileyo xa kuyimfuneko.
I-DATANG CABLE ineendibano zocweyo ezi-3 eziphambili: intambo ye-lan & nezixhobo, intambo yefiber & nezixhobo kunye neeworkshops zentambo yecoaxial.Ngemigca yemveliso evela kumazwe angaphandle, kunye neworkshop yanamhlanje eyilwe kakuhle kunye neqela elinamava, i-DATANG CABLE ixhotyiswe ngamandla amakhulu ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yabathengi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe: i-Lan Cable: iibhokisi ze-1 zezigidi / ngonyaka;Intambo yeCoaxial: 80000km/ngonyaka;Intambo yeFiber ye-Optical: 3.5 yezigidi zeekhilomitha ezingundoqo / ngonyaka.
I-QUALTIY ihlala iphambili kuqala kwi-DATANG CABLE.Inkampani yi-ISO 9001, ISO 14000 eqinisekisiweyo, kwaye iimveliso zenziwe zavavanywa ngokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.Iimveliso zi-RoHS, REACH, UL, ETL, CPR eqinisekisiweyo.Inkonzo ye-OEM&ODM iyafumaneka.
Ukuhlangabezana nebango le-CUSTOMERS kusoloko kukuqhuba kwi-DATANG CABLE.I-DATANG CABLE ifumene isabelo esikhulu semarike kwiimarike zasekhaya kunye naphesheya ngenxa yokwaneliseka kwabathengi.Abathengi abaninzi ngakumbi bakhetha ukusebenzisana ne-DATANG CABLE kuba inkxaso yayo eyomeleleyo kunye neenkonzo kunye nokuphuculwa rhoqo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi.Sikunye nabathengi, soyise ubunzima obuninzi kwaye saphucula amandla ethu okunceda abathengi ngcono, kwaye sikhule kunye.Ingeniso yokuthengisa yonyaka ingaphezulu kwe-90 yezigidi ze-USD kwaye ikhula ngonyaka ngamnye.


text:
Izithako
- 1 iglasi yamanzi eoli
- 1 iglasi yamanzi, i-muscat iwayini (evela eChiclana, ukuba kunokwenzeka)
- Iipunipo ezi-2 zeembotyi ze-anise
- Ixolo leorenji egreyithiweyo
- Iigrama ezingama-700 zomgubo
- intwana yetyuwa
- 300 ml yobusi
- 2-3 amacephe amanzi
Abazala bokuqala be umhloboEzi iilekese ziqhelekile kumhlaba wam, uChiclana, kwaye ziyatyiwa ngexesha leKrisimesi, yiyo loo nto igama leKrisimesi ngamaqebengwana. Umahluko ulapha kwi wayini, emnandi, kufanelekile ukuba yiMuscat esuka eChiclana, nakwiitrasi, eziorenjiweyo.
Ukulungiselela:
Sitshisa ioyile epanini kunye ne-orenji kunye ne-anise; Lumka ungazitshisi, kungenjalo ioyile iya kufumana incasa ekrakra ekrakra. Sizahlule, sisoyike kwaye siyenze ibe nomsindo.
Sibeka iglasi yewayini kwimicrowave kangangesiqingatha somzuzu ukukhupha umphunga utywala kwaye siwuthulule ngomgubo ngengqayi yetyuwa kwisitya esikhulu sesaladi. Sivuselela kakuhle kwaye songeza ioyile exineneyo. Songeza imbewu encinci ye-anise kunye neqokobhe elincinci le-orenji (kuphela icandelo elinombala). Saxovwa kakuhle, de kube intlama iphume embizeni kwaye ilawuleka; Songeza umgubo omncinci ukuba kukho imfuneko. Sisasaza inhlama ebangelwayo kwindawo ecocekileyo kwaye engenagwele ngomsebenzi ngoncedo lwebhola okanye iglasi yebhotile.
Ngale ntlama senza iibhola ezilingana nebhola yenyama. Ngoncedo lwe roller sazisasaza iibhola ngaphezulu komhlaba de zibe ngaphezulu okanye kancinci imilo embhoxo. Sinqumle irhombus okanye uxande. Inhlama kufuneka ibe mncinci kakhulu.
Sifaka iikeyiki ngepani ngeoyile eshushu. Xa zimdaka ngegolide, sizishiya ephepheni lokufunxa, kwelinye icala sibeka ubusi epanini ngeepunipoyi ezimbini okanye ezi-2 zamanzi kunye nejeti elungileyo yejusi yeorenji. Sifaka ubushushu obuphakathi kwaye xa buqala ukubila sibeka bucala. Beka iikeyiki kwisitya esineemiphetho ephakanyisiweyo kwaye ufefe ngobusi (usasazwe kakuhle); ukuba sifuna, sifefa ngeebhola ezinemibala.
Umfanekiso: uyokhee


text:
Custom Promotion Bottle Cap Openers Manufacture
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Iithegi zeMveliso
*UkuKhuthaza iBhotile yesiXhobo sokuVula iMveliso
INkcazelo yebheji eLungisiweyo
Iingcebiso zeBottle Opener Keychain
Usisebenzisa njani isixhobo sokuvula ibhotile yebhiya?
Okokuqala, umsesane ongenanto wokuvula ibhotile ujolise kwi-cap yebhiya, kwaye ubeke phezu kwe-cap yebhiya, emva koko ubambe umqheba wokuvula ibhotile, ukuya kwi-beer cap, ukuze i-cap yebhiya ikhululwe, unokuvula i-cap yebhotile, indlela ilula ukuyisebenzisa.
I-opener yebhotile yebhiya ikakhulu iqulunqwe ngokubamba kunye nonyawo olude, olulula ukuyivula isivalo sebhiya ngoncedo lomgaqo we-lever.
Kwaye zininzi iindlela zokuvula ikepusi yebhotile yebhiya.Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi bakhetha indlela elula kwaye ekhohlakeleyo, besebenzisa i-tip yebhotile ukubetha ikona yetafile, okanye benkqonkqoza ekhoneni, ukwenzela ukuba phantsi kwesenzo samandla, i-cap yebhiya iya kuwa.


text:
B2-MG Cys-C-Umsebenzi weRenalⅡ Kit ekhawulezayo yokuhlaziya
Kulula ukusebenza, ngokuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo
Akukho mfuneko yokusebenza kobuchule / ukulinganisa
isishwankathelo
[imeyile ikhuselwe] I-B2-Microglobulin/Cystatin C Reagent Kit ihloselwe ukulinganisa ubungakanani be-B2-microglobulin kunye ne-cystatin C kwi-serum yabantu. Ngokweklinikhi, isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuxilongwa kwezifo ezintsonkothileyo.
Se tyenziswa
UCys C luphawu olufanelekileyo lokubonisa izifo zezintso. UCys C ukhona ngokubanzi kulwelo lomzimba womntu olufana negazi, ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal, amathe, amadlozi, njl. njl. UCys C unokudlula kwi-glomerular filtration membrane ngokukhululekileyo. Iphinda ifakwe kwi-proximal convoluted tubule kwaye ayisayi kuthatha inxaxheba kumjikelezo wegazi. Njengoko ii-tubules zezintso zingavelisi i-Cys C, utshintsho kwi-concentration ye-Cys C egazini lubonisa i-glomerular filtration rate, oko kubonisa imeko yokusebenza kweentso, kubandakanywa nokulimala kwezintso.
BI-2-MG: i-concentration ye-B2-MG egazini lezigulane ezine-lymphoma enobungozi, i-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo, i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma okanye i-myeloma eninzi njl. Uxinzelelo lwe-B2-MG egazini lezigulane ezine-uremia, i-nephritic syndrome kunye nokungaphumeleli kwe-renal acute nazo ziphezulu kakhulu.
Iziphumo zomkhiqizo
Inkqubo yokusabela kwesigaba solwelo, usebenzisa i-latex immunoturbidimetry methodology ikhokelela kwisiphumo esichanekileyo
Inkqubo ye-iPOCT ilunge kakhulu kuvavanyo lomntu ngamnye kunye nemfuno yokwenene
Isiphumo sifumaneka kwimizuzu eyi-12
Ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla akufuneki
Ukusebenza okulula, okuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, akukho mfuneko yokusebenza kobugcisa / ukulinganisa


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Izithako
- - Kwisonka esisikiweyo iicapes
- isonka
- Isonka samasi iRoquefort
- iiapile eziluhlaza
-
- - Kwabaqhekezi abanetyuwa:
- 200 gr. Ngomgubo
- 100 gr. itshizi eParmesan
- 100 gr. yebhotolo
- Iqanda le-1
- Thengiswa
- amanzi
-
- -Imiqolo:
- Iitortillas zombona okanye ii-crepes ezincinci
- ukuzaliswa kwakho okuthandayo
Izibheno okanye ii-canapés yileta yokubonisa kwimenyu esiyilungiselele iindwendwe zethu. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba ukhathalele kakhulu umgangatho kunye nokunikezelwa kwayo. Kule posi sikunceda ukuba wenze iikhaphethi zakho zeKrisimesi zilula, zizityebi kwaye ziyonwabisa kakuhle. Sicebisa ukuba uqhekeze ityuwa okanye ii-biscottes zeshizi kunye neentlobo ezintathu ze-canapes ezibandayo ukumangalisa iindwendwe zakho kula matheko IKrisimesi, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi ekhitshini okanye, nangaphantsi kwemali.
Ukulungiselela
1. Ukulungiselela iapile kunye neorquefort canapés: Chop itshizi uyityumle ngemfoloko. Siwasika ii-apile saba ziikerubhi ezintle kakhulu. Sidibanisa zombini izithako. Sinqunqe izilayi zesonka esisikiweyo, sibathambise kancinci ukuba sifuna, kwaye sisasaze itshizi cream phezu kwabo.
2. Senza iicookies ezinetyiwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Sidibanisa zonke izinto de intlama ibe mpuluswa kwaye ihambelane. Siphumle kangangesiqingatha seyure efrijini. Solula inhlama kwindawo yokusebenza enophahla okanye egqunywe ngephepha elingelolakho ngoncedo lwepini yokuqengqeleka. Intlama siya kuyishiya enobunzima besiqingatha sesentimitha. Sinqumle ii-cookies nge-cutter eneemilo zeKrisimesi okanye iglasi encinci kwaye siyibeke ehovini kwitreyi egqunywe ngephepha lesikhumba nakubushushu be-200 degrees malunga nemizuzu eyi-10-15. Singazihombisa ii-biscottes ngamayeza, itshizi, iiamangile okanye isesame okanye imbewu yepoppy.
3. Olunye uluvo esilucebisayo kukusebenzisa iitillilla zaseMexico okanye I-crepes njengesiseko sezibheno zakho zeKrisimesi. Sisasaza i-pancake kwi-countertop kwaye siyigcwalise, ingagqithisi, kunye nezithako esizithandayo. Isalmon, ukusika okubandayo, ukusonta kweqanda, itshizi, imifuno ... Sigoqa itortilla, sicinezela ngobunono ukuze zingavuleki, kwaye sizinqunqe ngemela ebukhali kakhulu.
4. Inqaku lokunika umnxeba ngeKrisimesi kwii-canapés zakho. Imibala ebomvu, eluhlaza kunye emhlophe zezona ziphindaphindekayo kumatheko. Zeziphi izithako zale mibala onokuzisebenzisa ukuzalisa okanye ukuhombisa ezi zibheno?


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Izicima-mlilo kumandla ongqonge iStrand akakhange balale phezolo benqanda amadangatye abeletyuza kwintaba ekude kufuphi kulengingqi. Umlilo ubuphenjelelwa ngumoya osingisa eMpuma uqabela intaba usiya ngase Grabouw ubangele nokuvalwa kohola u N2 okwethutyana. Omnye umlilo ubungabaphi thuba abacimi-mlilo ngulowo ubukwelinye icala ledolophu ye Kapa kufuphi nase SimonsTown. Le mililo ifika ngexesha imbalela igquba eNtshona-Koloni ingakumbi eKapa nalapho amanzi angqongophele kangangokuba isixeko seKapa sesikhuphe isaziso sokuba kuzakuqalwa ukunqunyanyiswa kwamanzi ngamaxesha athile.
Lemililo ibichaphazela indawo zabantu abanemali kodwa ubangele ungxunguphalo ingakumbi kubasebenzi kuba lonto ithetha ukuba abaqashi bangafumana isebe lokusithela baphelelwe ngumsebenzi.
Ongumnini welinye lamakhaya achatshazelwe ngumlilo unkosikazi Mary-Ann Shearer uthi emva kokubona umsi ubuphuma kwezintaba nezingekho mgama emini emaqanda izolo. Ude wazokifa ezindlini apho ukhokelele ekugqabhukeni kwe Generator kwikhaya labo nekuthe kwantumekeka ngomlilo indawo abahlala kuyo neyindawo eshishina ngokutya.
Uthi lomlilo uthathe nje imizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu kuphela kwabe kutshabalale yonke into. Kungokunje bashiyeke kuphela ngempahla ezisemimzimbeni. Baneshumi elinesine leminyaka behlala kulandawo. Lomlilo ugqugqise elikhaya elinabasebenzi abangamashumi.
Ukanti, omnye kubasebenzi umnumzana Precious Chirwe uvakalise ukudandatheka emphefumlweni kuba yena nenkosikazi yakhe ekhulelweyo bashiyeke bezimpula-zikalujaca. Aba babini baphuma kwilizwe laseMalawi.
Umnini walemdawo unkosikazi uMary-Ann Shearer uthi kungokunje bajongene nomceli-mngeni omkhulu becingela abasebenzi babo abazakuphulukana nemisebenzi ngenxa yalomlilo.


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Ngubani oza kuxela iMicrosoft enamandla amakhulu ekuqalekeni kwayo, enye yeelogo zayoKubonakala ngathi kufana nelomculo werock kunenkampani enikezelwe kubuchwephesha obutsha; ikakhulu ukuba ibe yeyokutshintsha imbonakalo yePC kude kube namhlanje.
Kwaye kukho ilogo enokuthi dlula ngokuba ungoyena usuka eMegadeath okanye amaqela omculo onzima abuye emva phaya kwiminyaka yama-80s. Unomdla wokutshintsha kolwimi kunye nendlela le nkampani inye iguqule ngayo ilogo yayo ukubeka ecaleni ezo oblique kunye neemilo ezinde kakhulu esinokuzifumana kwi-M, i-R kunye ne-F.
Yabuyela ngo-1980 xa iMicrosoft uthathe inyathelo lokuya phambili kunye nelogo yoyilo kwakhona Oko kuya kwehla embalini, njengoko yayijongeka njengebhanti yentsimbi kunenkampani ezinikele kuphuhliso lwesoftware.
Imilo kunye neeleta ze-oblique ezinee-engile ezivaliweyo zinomdla kwaye ayikhangeleki njengeMicrosoft uqobo. Kodwa ngaba kunjalo ukuba siya ku-1975Iphantse yabonakala ngathi siza kudlala umculo kunye nala funky wayephumelele kakhulu kule minyaka ilishumi.
Ewe, izinto sele zitshintshile iingqondo zabo xa sisiya kwi-1982 kunye nomthombo jonga ngokungathí sina ngakumbi ngesikhamiso esiphakathi oko kusondela kwinto enokuba yinkampani yetekhnoloji. Kwaye ngo-1987 sisondela kwimemori ebonakalayo kwaye sinxibelelene ngokusondeleyo noko le nkampani inikezele kwinkqubo yayo yokusebenza, nangona kamva ibisondela kwamanye amacandelo anjengolonwabo.
Ababaninzi abantu abayaziyo le nto, kodwa iMicrosoft ibiyibhanti yentsimbi ukusukela ngo-1980 ukuya ku-1982. pic.twitter.com/8sP3dv2lU8
-Ian Bogost (@ibogost) Novemba 19, 2019
Omnye Indaleko kwilogo ingaphezulu kokwazi kwaye loo nto ayinakuthelekiswa nezinye ezifana neApple apho umbala yayiyeyona nto ibalaseleyo. Iya kuhlala apho kufundo kunye nekamva lale nkampani yenye yezigebenga zesoftware yangoku.


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Omnye wabavelisi beefowuni eziphathwayo uqhubeka nokuba phezulu enkosi kwiinkqubela phambili ezahlukeneyo…
Iifowuni ze-Xiaomi zithathe indawo enkulu yentengiso emva kokusungula ii-smartphones ngexesha elifanelekileyo ...
I-POCO ibonise iiflegi zayo ezimbini ezintsha kulo nyaka ka-2022 ezinegama le-POCO F4 kunye ne-POCO X4 GT….
Iifowuni zeBlack Shark zithathe inyathelo eliya phambili kugqatso lokubonelela ngezinto ezibalulekileyo ngexabiso…
Omnye unyaka, uMnyhadala wabalandeli be-Xiaomi uyabhiyozelwa, umsitho apho umenzi athatha ithuba lokusungula uthotho lwe…
Omnye unyaka, i-Xiaomi ibhiyozela umnyhadala wayo wonyaka, umnyhadala apho ibeka khona iitheminali ezahlukeneyo…
U-Xiaomi uphehlelele iselfowuni entsha eSpain, kwaye yiRedmi Note 11 Pro+, i-terminal ebekwe…
I-Xiaomi ithengise i-Xiaomi Redmi 10C, i-terminal eyenzelwe abasebenzisi abafuna…
Emva kweminyaka eliqela, uXiaomi uye wabetha etafileni ukuba alwe ukusuka kuwe ukuya…
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokunikezelwa kwayo ngokusemthethweni eYurophu, uluhlu lwe-Xiaomi 12 ngoku luyafumaneka eSpain. Kwaye njani…
UXiaomi, ekugqibeleni, uphehlelele eSpain iiflegi zayo ezimbini ezintsha nezinamandla kulo nyaka ka-2022, ezithe…


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Amacandelo e-Zinc lock, njenge-cylinder yokutshixa kunye nombindi.OEM zinciinxalenye ezityhidiweyo
kwimizimba ye-zinc lock 20x20 cm ubukhulu besayizi yobukhulu koomatshini ukuya kuthi ga kwiitoni ezingama-300 ngobungakanani bokuyila kunye nokudalai-die-casting molds ye-zinc alloy
. Ukuphosa ukufa
bubuchule bokuphosa obuchanekileyo obunyanzela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwisingundo sesinyithi esinemilo entsonkothileyo ngokufaka uxinzelelo olukhulu.Bubuchule bokuphosa ngokuchanekileyo.Awungekhe ube nomatshini obalaseleyo wokuphosa kunye nemveliso elungileyo yokuphosa.Ukuvelisa imveliso ekumgangatho ophezulu, kufuneka udibanise umatshini wokuphosa ukufa, ubuchule bokuphosa, kunye nokungunda.Ii-Die castings ezenziwe nge-alloy ye-zinc zinezi mpawu zilandelayo zemveliso: 1. Ubunzima obuthile bukhulu, ubunzima buyi-textured, kwaye bomelele kunobumba lwesitofu seplastiki.2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuphosa, kunokufa-indawo echanekileyo kunye neemilo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye neendonga ezincinci, kwaye umphezulu we-castings ugudile.3. Unyango oluphezulu luyafumaneka: i-electroplating, ukutshiza, ukupeyinta.4. Ayifaki isinyithi ngexesha lokunyibilika kunye ne-die-casting, i-corrode i-molding, kwaye ayinamathele kwi-mold.5. Ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqoka kwiqondo lokushisa.6. Iqondo eliphantsi lokunyibilika, ukunyibilika kwi-385 ℃, kulula ukwenza ngaphezu kwe-aluminium alloy die casting 7. I-alloy ye-zinc inefuthe eliqinileyo le-dimensional emithathu, kwaye umphezulu uya kuba ne-graininess okanye imibimbi emva kokufa, efuna ukucocwa.Ukupholisha akuyitshintshi ngokupheleleyo ifom yenyama .8. Imisebenzi yezandla ye-zinc alloy kunye neepatheni eziqingqiweyo zicacile kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kodwa zifuna umgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa, kwaye kuya kuba nenani elincinci le-indentation okanye i-burrs phezu komhlaba.


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Xhosa Clan Praises ğ Xhosa surnames
A few clan names of amaXhosa and related ethnic groups : AmaNzotho, ooKhawuta kaGcaleka, ooMaphango, ooNgxale, ooNyelenzi, ooPhalo, ooTogu, ooTshiwo kaTswawe, kaMalangana (AmaXhosa omthonyama)
- AmaGiqwa: ooJikijwa, Mvaba, Meqo, Ncudwana, Nkosana, Mdeyama, Xhe, Bhaxa, Qhirama, Nonesi, Qobo, Ntshinga ay’khwazwa ikhwazwa ngabayazo.
- AmaZangwa: Khwalo, Mlanjana, Ncuthu, Sohobese.
- Bhayi (Khetshe, Mkhumbeni, Msuthu, Gwaca, Camsholo, Nyokemnyama ecand’iziziba, Nkonjane ebhabh’ emafini, Mkentane, Mevamhlophe, Vundle, Khayisa â they belong to the amaVundle people/group)
- Bhele Sikwethu;Makubalo; Mzozo; Nozulu; Mavuso; Notell; Nondela; Bharhodi; Nebhunda; Salaivha;Phei; Kaifur; Kuptar; Mbai; Bhungezi; safi; dez; Pheketha; Mbeko; Ndzikame; Madzikana; Cii; Ciya; Gume; gamle; Ngamlana; Qwiba; Ndizakazi; Ntulo; Siqenduka; Nduku; Mfunisa; Masela; Ndzeku; Lahilathi; Msomi; Mzaku; Ntamonde; Hasheki; Mishekwi; Mbidaniso; Rhamente; Mzotho; Mandela; Msuku; Mthengana; mantambo; ntuli; Mthembu; Mtembu; Ntuka; Nteko; Ntoni; Ntonga; David; Favors; Fu; festile; February; Jonnas; Bele;Gqokoma; Gontsana; Fakude; Fezela; Gugushe; Gagashe; Mehlomade; Masengi; Nyembe; Maduna; Mqwathi, qwasana; Nxasana; Zwai; Bhala; Shezi; Mbekeni; mathole; mathambo; Mazwai; Fukutha;Gwara; Tshawe; Shumeka; Tamse; Luthuli; Magidela; Mgabadeli; Ntsele; Ndayi; Nqala; Ludeke; Madikizela; Ngutyana; Mtengwana; Ngcingwana; Khuluza; matumatu; Photshozwayo; Majeke; mtholesi; Nodada; Mfikeni; Mafikeni; Mofokeng; Twala; Thwasa; Mgoma; mMgeza; Mlaba; Jereka; Jere; Jele; Vhoni; Mfeka; Ka Mvumbi ka Ngigame Notha
- “uBhele, uLanga, uQunta, uMafu, uKhuboni, uNdabezitha, uNyathi, uMadibanandlela, uSilokazi, uMbutho, uMdluli, uNkomi’nala, uMbikazi, uNontandukuphakanyiswa”,
- Bhukhwana (ooMbara, ooMpofu, Mtshobo, Phaphulesilo, Phaphulengonyama, Into ezingaphathwa mntu ngoba zizinkosi ngokwazo)
- Bhisha (AmaNtambo, Gaba, Xho’ndlovu, Mvundl’olubhelu, Gogoba, Gantsa, Zotsho, Bathi Nonyawana zincinane kanti zinkulu oku kwe Bhlayi letolofiya).
- Bhuku (Sinqasha, Nkamangane, Mbhamla, Mfazi obele lide oncancisela ngaphesheya komfula, iingonyama ezigqumela ngaphakathi ngokuthanda isizwe sama Xesibe).
- Cethe (ooChizama)OoBhurhuma, Ncenceza, Mlowa, Mbambozinomongo, Ootyinyamikrwada, mlanjana, njoloza, ngcok
- Cetshe (Jaba, Rhuba, Mlamb’okhwel’iintaba, Mlamb’owelwa ziinkonjane)
- Cirha (ooNcibane, Ntswentswe, Nojaholo, Qhanqolo, Sihlobo SikaPhalo, Hloml’phuthu lidala lineempondo, Ghabha ka ntsikana, Nyembezana, MGcaleka, ooMhlantla, khawuta, ntswayibane, nkosiyamntu, ooMhlath’endlovu, Noni, Mfuyo, Lindile thuthani Mdantsane; Mayinga nyevulwa inyashe ngonyawo zambath’iindela; zona zaphosa ub’khosi ngexa yePhuta; zona zibeleke ingasi yobukhosi)
- Dala (Mganu, Jali, Ntshintshise)
- Deyi (Ncume, Cume; Cum; Wei; Wayisi; Bhangushe; Bhengu; Cebisa; Deyiso; Dei; Deii; Gabisa; Manzini; Mdeyi; Mtame; Hlathi; Hlabe; Mjoli; Makhoba, Mako; Xolo, Meko; Ngcolosi; Sengwayo; Mthwakazi; Jabavu; Nonina; Dlakana; Ngilana; Ndleko; Vezi; Ndeki; Murr; Nkuna; Mbokazi; Wushe; Khusi; Khusher, Sinyali; Phakwe; Pepu; Mphephu; Babalo; Phaahla; Phoi; Hambashe; Ham; Herr; Nkatha; Nkhatha; Gwabini; Gqwaru; Ngoni; Ngozi; Fusana; Geda; Phephu; Ndudane; Farru; Fini; Finini; Mbelani; Bhekiswa; Bekiswa; Qhakaza; Bekiso; Mase; Manci; Mancini; Noconjo; Zikhali; Mzungulu; Zungulu; Mzungu; Mphafane; Kheswa; Mphafa; Qamata; Qubulashe; Gqigqigqi; Duur; Diya; Diko; Xhonti; Ntoyanto; Xarru; Xhakaza; Xakaza; Shwawu; Mshwawu; Zotsho; Somdeyi; Sukwini; Mahoyi; Motsa; Zungu; Velelo; Valela; Phaala; Mtebele; Lambatha ; Nduli; Mbovu; Xoi; Xarr; Sarru; Soreh; Soi and Noma-Ndzo-Ndzo ka Phika’ne’langa
- Mnkabane – Majeke, Mthwembotyi, Noqazo, Mayeye, Nduntsha, Nkomo zika Marhama, zika Ngxalenye, zika Khamanzana, unyawo zipinki noba zinentsente, uMthondwana, Mbuswana, Nywabelemntwini, mfaz’obele linye, Nkomo zakwa Ntleki, Mabandla ka Rhanjana, Mzilanto. Undlunkulu wamaNkabane use Dutywa kwisithili sase Taleni*”Lunga Mdunyelwa”
Debeza â OoDebeza, ngoJebe, Nonyanya, Nongoqo, Mbeka Ntshiyini Bathi uqumbile, Khonkcoshe Mbokodo engava mkwetsho (These are royalty in the Amampondomse group. Their main concentration is in the former Transkei, in Tsolo, Qumbu and Umthatha in the Eastern Cape.)
- Dikela’ Mqwathi, Bhlangwe, Yongose, Noni, Mfuyo, Ntswayibane Lindile Thuthani Mdantsane
- Dlamini (Sibakhulu; Senzeni; Gqibheto; Luku; Lukha; mesizwaphe; ;Mankuthu; Debesi; Vakasheli; Ndosile; Leki; Ndasuka; Mziyaso; Sokhanyile; Madinga; Susela; Ndosi; Mlotshwa; Ndabazabantu; Mpangazitha; Seku; Mabhida; Peleng; Sokhula; Shange; Nxasabe; Nkulukazi; Mkhiza; Mzizi; Sejamu; Sejadu; Jinineka; Mjele; Jaziya; Jali; Mawawa; Ngubengu; Sonci; Qhineba; Ndelekana; Nyathi; Ngwcabe; Ndasa; Fuleka; Sifumba; Ndlambe; Mjevu; Jevu; Jambasile; Ndalasi; Ntesi; Tyesi; Mbele; Ntume; Nibe; Mcube; Ngcobo; Gumede; Hoffman; Sesesako; Mbusiye; Hadebe; Sibaya; Williams; Buleki; Mtshengo; Nduna; Ntlanga; Mfolosa; Lefifi; Mpuluka; Zondi; Mjeleku; Sabani; Langasika;Khabazela; Nyuzwa; Fanana; Mbeko; Mbingwa; Ntokuza; Ledimo; Leremi; Manyathela; Mashile; Mashaba; Dhlamini; Ngonyama; Mkize; Nzimakhwe; Shenge; Ngwenya; Solomons; Khumalo; Sabelo; Kelso; Daniels; Mzimba; Mndzima; Msebendzi; Ntshona; Ndlovu; Mbeki ka Nkomo ka Vungwana
- Dodo yirha, mzondi, sambu ziyeka, thambo lenyoka lihlaba elimzondayo Dlomo (Sopitsho, Ngqolomsila, Yem yem, Vela bambentsele)
- Dontsa– oNoDlidlu, oNoDlabathi, oSwahla, oMntungwa uNdukuMkhonto, uShembe, bath’ uDontsa akananyongo kant’ abay’bon’ uba igqunywe ngesbhadlalala so mhlehlo… (Hlubi clan)
- Dzana khatsini, Mkhuma omnandi njenge zambane, Ncwabe, Nomayeye, Nxgabalala ‘simamkele nkushubana’ (amabhaca)
- Dzanibe (Nqolo, Gaba kaThsayisa, Mntu wasemanzini, Ndzabedvolo, abakhibexonya-bengalaluki, ningayiqabi mpobovana nizawudlula nabadluli bendlela, Ndzathsane, Mahlambahlaletyeni, Nomvalo etc.
- Faku (Nyawuza, Thahla, Ndayeni, Ziqelekazi, Ngqungqushe, Dakhile, Mpondo, Hlamba ngobubend’amanz’ekhona)
- Gaba (Mgweba, Mngqosini, Mjobi, Thithiba, Cihoshe, Nozinga, Mnt’womlambo, Thikoloshe, Ndoko, Mbokodw’emnyama Kahili, Msuthu)
- Gadluma (Cekwana, Ndulini, Gando, Tshutsha, Tyhopho, Mbomb’emfene, Izinto ezadla igusha zabelungu zathi ziziduli zethafa)
- Gambu (Memela, Msuthu Nontuli, Ngwekazi – AmaHlubi)
- Gamede (or Gamedze) (Nogele, Skhutyana, Phosibe), Mzamani, Ngonyama, Silwa kaMasikani, Nomasi, Gele, Mphubani, Maqaqasi, Mbew’enkulu engahlungulwa, etc.emaSwati
- Ganu
- Gatyeni (Mamali, ndondela, nkomo zibomvu, nywabe, indoda uyivumi nepokoto, ocubungu)
- Gcina, Helushe, Xhamela Ncancashe, Magwebulikhula, Malambedlile, Nokwindla, Thyopho (Bahamba bepheth’isali â ihashe bakulifuman’emlungwini. The Gcina clan is originally from Lady Frere in the Eastern Cape. The amaGcina are thought to be kings of Lady Frere as they are the dominant clan. OR Amagcina Amarhula (Xhamela Ncancashe, Nogawul’ikhula, Malambayendle elambel’inyama yenyamakazi, nokwindla, uthyopho, uhamba epheth’isali ihashe ulifumana emfengwini, izinto zabantu abazibi koko bayazigcina, bathi iigusha ziziduli zethafa, ibhokhwe ngumnqabaza wehlathi, Isizukulwana sika Nomagwayi, umbon’obomvu wase mbo.
- Gcuma, (Gcuma, Jola, Dzabela, Mayaba, Nonga yintombi, Malandelwa yintomb’ ithi ndizeke.
- Mgebe (Ngobe, Ngaleka, Mkhasela Mduduma nje ngezulu)
- Godlwana (Nompunzi, Gcodi, Lusalu, Catala ka Qoyi, mbumbulu inye zingabambini ziyadubulana)
- Goqolo (Ntshintshi, Thanana, Tyebelangaphakathi, Mjoli, Sheya, Ganeka)
- Gqunu
- Gqwashu Gxiya, Mvambo, Lawu, Siyaphi, Manzini, Ndotshayisa(with Khoikhoi ancestry)[4]
- Gqwarhu â Deyi, omhlophe, Khawu, ngoszi, Mtabasa ka Dingana, cebisa
- Gxarha, Cwerha, Vambane, Mahlahla, Siyoyo, Mlawu, Potwana (Mpodomise subgroup clan name)
- Hegebe
- Jali (juda, Mpemvu, Ntlotshane, Mvetshane, Jonas, Tshira, Mabhala, Gwatshu – AmaHlubi)
- Jola SingaMampondomse ngohlanga, ooJola, ooJoliNkomo, ooMphaNkomo, ooQengeba, OoNgwanya, nomakhala, njuza, sthukuthezi, sithandwa mhla kukubi, hoshode, hakaha, mfaz’ obele ‘nye omabele made, oncancisa naphesheya komlambo (The royalties of the Mondomise)[5][5]
- Jwarha (Vongwe, Mtika, Mazaleni, Jotela, Khatiti, Mnangwe, Mayarha, Tiyo, Soga, Mnguyane, Mbelu, Ndabase, Bantw’abahle noba bapheth’ izikhali, Ntame’nemida njengeye nkunzi, mabujwe’bhidlika njengodaka)
- Khawuta
- Khiwa (Qwebeda) (Khonjwayo, Chithwayo, Ngcekula, Ndzondela, Hlaka, Ngetu, Phoswa, Silwanyana, Makalanyana, Sikhehlana a Pondo clan)
- AmaKhonjwayo Isizwe noMnombo (Tribe Genealogy): Sizakuwubeka ngokokuzalwa kwabo, sithatha nje iintloko zabo, uChithwayo uzala uKhonjwayo, uKhonjwayo azale uKhiwa, uKhiwa uzele amawele elokuqala nguNgcekula elesibini nguNtsikinyane kundlunkulu wakhe (Great house) uKhiwa ezele uNdanya ekunene, (amaNdanya akhokelwa nguNkosi uVelile Mkono)waza kwiQadi wazala uTshizi, indlu kaTshizi ikhokelwa nguSiqukwana.(Inkosi eyayiphethe ngexesha lakudala ihlonitshiwe nguNgcekula)uNgcekula (iwele lokuqala) uzele uNdzondela, uNdzondela wazala uHlaka, uHlaka wazala uNgetu, uNgetu wazala uPhoswa, uPhoswa wazala uSilwanyana, uSilwanyana wazala uMakalanyana, uMakalanyana wazala uSikhehlana, uSikhehlana yena uzala uTatana. Ngoku singena kwinzala yewele lesibini. UNtsikinyane iwele lesibini uzele uMakhanda, uMakhanda wazala uNogemane kwiGreat House, kwiRight house wazala uThungana. Masiqale kwindlu enkulu, uNogemane uzele uGwadiso (Dumile), uGwadiso wazala uGodloza, uGodloza yena wazala uNtenteni, uNtenteni wazala uGobizithwana (uZwelidumile) waza ke yena uGobizithwana wazala uDumisani inkosi enkulu ephethe isizwe samaKhonjwayo ngoku. Kanti ke uThungana yena wobunene buka Makhanda uzele uSithelo, uSithelo wazala uPhonyela, uPhonyela wazala uMakhizinyani, uMakhizinyani yena wazala uHlathikhulu, uHlathikhulu yena uzala uThulani.
- Khumalo (Mzilikazi kaMashobane – Hlubi clan name)
- Khwetshube (Xhanga, Ngcawukana, Thamse, Bipha, Bhongxa, kaXhanga; Mhlang’olal ‘intake Kaz’ utshile nje zolala phi! Ndlu kaYokazi. (Mabude, Ndelemane, Detshe, Njenjani) (Mpondo clan name)
- Kwayi (Ngconde, Togu, Ubulawi, Ngcond’oneentshaba, etc.)
- Madiba (the clan name of Nelson Mandela, a Thembu. Important rulers and chiefs include Mthikrakra, Ngangelizwe, Dalindyebo, Joyi, Jumba, Sabatha, Buyelekhaya)
- Maduna (Gubevu, Nokhala, Jiyana, Tiba, Matoetoe, Msuthu, Sjekula salakulandela, Umnt’abesi gejebe nkomo sekhona, malobola gesegadana, Umnt’owaw’edakeni kwathi nqa abantu – amaHlubi)
- Majola (see Jola)
- Mambi (Nxontsa ka Xesibe, uBhulingwe kuvele imamba, uNtabazikude zikuMganu, Mntshontsho uSabela uyabizwa emazibukweni)
- mhlwane (ozibula, amahlwane, omkhaliphi, oSigayela, omasabisa, tsiya, oshlahla somquma sigawulwa sisahluma, osthebe sibanzi sisikela amavilakazi)
- Manci (Mbali, Wabane, Tshitshis’intaba, Mdludla, Zinde Zinde Zinemiqala)
- /Hlanga (Hlanga, Nobetha, Mqiya, Mndlovu, Mntada, Xhinela, Maleku, Nxeko, Dlangamakhandlela, Yokhwe, Maphuza, Mgweleta, Zilenzi, uMfaz’obelenye phesheya komlanjana) Thembu clan
- Matshaya Mbathane, Xesibe
- Mbanjwa, Gebane, Mpethwane, Gubulundu, Nongoma, Ntimela, Mhlabeka, Mantiyantiyane, Hlubi
- Mbatha
- Mbongwe, Mbuyisa, Mvemnyama, Khoza, Sondisa, Mathobela, Nqalela, Ndimande ka qaqaqa, Sigudu sebhokhwe, Sandamela, Ndawonde, Madas’elangeni, Nkob’aziphekwa ngamavila ziphekwa zizikhuthali – AmaHlubi
- Mbotho Mbotho, Mazama, Mtshikilana, Myalo, Fulela mfaz’ olivila kuyanetha, Sibasa manzini kuvuth’ umlilo, Nyawo zibomvu nokuba zinentsente, Ntsindane, Malala nentombi ivuke ithi ndizeke, Sibasa Manzini kuvithâumlilo, Thoyane.
- Mdlane, Tutuse, Nomdimba, Qandashe, Mbomboyi, Ntlokwan’ibanzana, Ngubengcuka, Mtikrakra, mThembu
- Mdlangathi: Mome mome Sirhama Somntwana, Juta, Ngwenduna, Mencwa, ntshozina, Nobhedu, Ntaba ayikhonjwa ikhonjwa Ngamadlangathi odwa, Nyonyoza ka Nyinywa, Nyame’enja eyafel’emfuleni yeza ngokunuka elalini, Ntlangwane, Mkhobela, Bhalangile ka toto, mth’ugawlwe ngabangangaye ngamapilinya, u-hagu hagu ndibolek’umbombo ndiqebul’amafusi ndakuph’iingqweqwe mhla ndafula, nzipho zekati ziyi nkcalankcala zithul’ibhekile yetiki ixhonywe emahlantini ob’hlanti, mfaz’othakathayo ubonwa ngeempund’uxweba xa kbanda, ndakthum’ebhisdolophu walibala kusel’iti enempukane, mbembe ka mahlalela, u juba lalal’emthini ngokuzbonakalisa, nkunz’emnyana bakhuz’ukuhlaba ngoba zonk’izizwe ziyzwil’ukulila.
,
- Mfene Lisa, Jambase, Hlathi, Msuthu, Buswayo, Canzi, Sanzanza, Uzango’mva Eliweni, Uyibeka Elityeni Ityiwe Zimbovane.
- Mgiqwa, Magele, Thotywayo, Jikijwa, Mvaba, Nkosana, Tshobo, Ntshinga ka Khwaza, Ntiya, Bambani
- Mhaga (noSabe, Amawel’ukuzana, uQwetha no Gqubushe)
- Miya, Gcwanini, Munja, Sibewu, Sijekula, Salakulandelwa, Maguqa agalele njenge ngonyama
- Mjoli (Deyi, Shishi, Qubulashe, Wushe, Ngilana, Nonina, Bharhuzi, Fusani, Khusi, Bhedle, Mpulana, vebi, Zulu)
- Mkhwane -Mwelase, Sigasa, Ntukela, Mlalase, Cikilili, Ngwekazi, Mqingwana – AmaHlubi
- Mkhwemte Dabane Sgadi Meka Ntwentswe Fulashe Nojaholo Ncibane Qhanqolo Ntlokwenyathi Ngququ venge
- Mngxongo (oNtsundu, oYem-yem, oVelebem’bhentsele, oZondwa zintshaba zingazubenza nto, oSophitsho, oMadiba, oNgqolomsila, oDlomo, oMthikrakra ,Qhayiya (Descendants of the AbaThembu, see Madiba, Dlomo, Mmaya)
- Mmaya (oYem-yem, oSophitsho, oMagwa, oNgqolomsila, oBhomoyi)
- Mlambo (Hlubi, oMbinga, Onoxhaka, oDladla, oLubisi, oSenene, Mlambo ongawelwayo owelwa zinkonjane zodwa pho nazo ukuba zinempiko) siszalo sika Gxiva
- Mnganga (ooKrila, Thangane, Mbamba, Bhodl’inja, Ngcondozimhlophe, Mgquba)
- Mpangela, Mvinjwa, Rhoshana, Ndlazi, Dlomo, Sibetho, Magwala, Gwadzi elisilika bubuhle, Oogudlilwandle bade balifanela.AmaHlubi
- Mpehle : Cabashe, Dikane, uVete, Notyedo, Goc’ iNyonga, Masila, Nkomo z’bomvu (a Mpodomise clan name)
- Mpemvu : uJali, uJuda, uNtlotshane, Bumela, uNgciva (a Thembu clan name)
- Mpinga, Mawawa, Mbolokoqoshe, Nto*mntwana, uSenzwa, Sineka, Mbetshane, Hlahla lamsik’ umntu es*ndeni, Ngceza, Sintila, Nyaw’ zinoshukela, mzukulu kaSityulu, kheth ‘omthandayo, Mawawa, yazi binobaya ifanelwe ngabafana): the clan of Enoch Sontonga, author of “Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika“, part of National Anthem of Republic of South Africa.
- Mqwambi, Holomi, Khawuta, Tete, Tshanabe, Tshazibane, Gcaleka.
- Mtakwenda (Leta, Libele, Tyebelendle, Ngcwadi, Kwangeshe, Mentuko, Mboyi, Solizembe)
- Mthunzi (Nyukwana, Homposhe, Njifile, Ntibane, Pepepe, Nkayi, Thambo lihlab’elimzondayo, Qabel’eliweni, Mthwakazi)
- Mvulane (Ncilashe, Msuthu, Sizila, Marhula, Papashe, Gwadela – Separate from the amaVundle)
- Mweli (Jili, Msingawuthi, Ngqambela, Masengwa, Gqagqangana, Thukela, Mchemane, Sibakhulu, Mkhontâ obomvu, Ntlangwini’s enebatha yaseMakhuzeni), AmaKhuze
- Myirha Mzondi Sampu Ziyeka (Ithambo lenyoka lihlaba elimzondayo)
- Nala (Ndokose, Mpembe, Nomgquma, nojakadelana, ozila zimkhonto zimangqangqase, inkomo enhle yaphiwa amaNala nobuhle bayo, osibhekuza baboNzima, bona abaphembela umlilo emanzini uvuthe, omakhanya ehlungwini kuhlwile : amaHlubi)
- Ncuthu, Mzangwa, Khwalo, Mlanjana, Songobese, Nkume
- Ncobeni (Mthunzi, Gema, Sibakhulu, Thabethe, Dlekedle, Tiba, Khuze), AmaKhuze
- Ndaba (Tshibase, Bhadela, Mntungwa, Nonunu, Nomangcangca, Nogubel’egoduka, Nzipho zimnyama kukuqhwaya, Nkuluka, Dzujana, Choboka nje ngomkhuma woThukela, Nyawo zimhlophe noxa zinodaka, Ntombezintle nabayeni bazo, Bharuza, Manyuza, Njujane, Nothuli, Nomangcangca, Mvelase, Magutywa, Mgubo odliwa ngabahambi bendlela, Mntungwa ombulazi owadl’umntu emyenga ngeendaba, Nompundwana zincinane yanga zingongiwa linunu entle engadli mntu, Khand’iyeza etyeni, Ngabaphakela umyeni esithebeni kuba besonga amazimba, AmaHlubi)
- Ndala (Ndala ka Momamana, uMncotshe, Msunu Sdumbu, Thole, Ngxunga Smukumuku, Ndithinina, Ntombi ubentseleni inkomo zimkaje)
- Ndlovu Mntungwa Gengesi Malunga Mancoba (zidlekhaya ngokuswela umalusi), AmaHlubi
- Ndlela (sibhekuza, nodabekhula, nodada, nala, AmaHlubi Amahle)
- Nduli (Bhoma, Phutha, Mayoni, Nkcala, Umkhont’uyimesi, Umquli kodwa akakwaz’uhlanganisa)
- Ndungwane (Bhejula, Velabambentsele, Yem yem, Bukhali bentonga, Sophitsho, UKrali, uSoze, Ngibiselwano, Isagweba esavala iindonga kukubi, uSandla senkosi, uMsimelelo, uNgqolomsila, Buhle bendoda ziinkomo, Themba lamagwala.), Dlomo, Sophitsho, Ngqolomsila, Diya, Mngxongo, Abathembu descendants,
- Ndzaba (Msuthu, Bhili, Mancoba, Rhanza, Gasa, Mwelase, Vangane, Nkonyeni, Sishuba) into ezehla ezintabeni/ezinkahlambeni zishubele ngenqatha lehashe… amaHlubi
- Ngcitshane (Sigcongoma, Nkwenkwezana, Mev’amhlophe, Mal’iyavuza)
- Ngcwangule (Mpondo clan name, Tita, Phelwani, Nqashiya, Sikhuni somga nesomthole, mfazii obelelinye owaliphosa phesheya komlanjana bahlutha bonke abasemangcwaguleni, ntombi ziyamlilela zithi Bhuti usishiyela ntoni sikhuthanda nje, Ntombi zithi ndizeke Bhuti noba awunankomo, umntu awagwazumntu emasendeni
- Ngwane (Hlongwane, Ngwane kaNgodi, Masumpa, Masenga sileke, Nduku Zinobulongwe, Masobuza, nina besizwe sikaMatiwane, usozisela kaMasumpa noTshali), AmaNgwane
- Ngxabani (Meyiwa, Rhibela, Bhabha nomhlehlo, uMdatshi, ubodi kaNcokazi, Nontwenja yinkongolo, bebal’ iinkomo nje thina sibal’iinkwenkwezi)
- Ngwanya (see Jola)
- Nkomo (Mntungwa, Khumalo â amaMfengu. They are originally Ndebele from Natal and arrived as refugees in Thembuland in 1828 during the time of the Mfecane Wars – amaHlubi)
- Nkwali (Hlubi clan name: bhukula, Mkhwanazi, Nkwali ye Nkosi). The Nkwalisâs were born ebukhosini (kingdom) buka Ndwandwa and they were famous during the rule of Dlomo the Thembu king. Nkwali originate from Mkhwanazi ka Ndwandwa. Nkwali joined the amaHlubi tribe. Nkwali gave birth to Mlabatheki who gave birth to Bukula. Same as Bukula, Maphela also comes from Nkwali. Mapela(Hlubi name for cockroach) got the name because he was so wealthy that his wealth was all over like cockroaches.
- Abakwa Nkwali bazalwa ebukhosini, kunjalo nje baduma kakhulu ngolawulo likaDlomo. UMlabatheki wayengumfo wakwaNkwali; yena uzala uBukula, lo ufungwayo ngabo.
uBukula ngulo wamisela uNtsele kubukhulu bamaHlubi, gokusuka amkhelele amanzi ngophondo ukuba awase kuise-mkhulu uDlomo. AbakwaMaphela isekwa ngabakwaNkwali. Balifumana eli gama kuba ubutyebi babo buska banyakasela ngokwamaphela, kwaba se kusithiwas ngabakwaMaphela. “Ngabakwa Nkwali Bhukukala Mkhwanasi,Makhwanasi amahle, amaHlubi kaShamase Nkwalâ enkosi, Enyonâ engadliwa ngabafokazana idliwa ngamakhosi. Ngabakwa Buzâ elikhulâ elagedlâ umhlanga, Kwavelâ amaBuzâ abuzwana. NgabakwaNongubo-ntloko. Abanye bazitetilâ abanye bazithwele. Inkwali yintakâ engcondo zibomvu Edla ikhethe lomfula isihlobo sobugotsho isihlobo sobuwanguwangu uMuMosulelwa ngamafutha inyama engayidlanga Mntana akafani noyise ngalivezandlebe intombi ithi ngizeke Nova awunankomo Mthulukwa lowathulukwa entabeni njengengqatha zempundzi Shamase Somlomoti Spheshu Madubandlela Mkhwanasi Msuthu Sokhethabahle Somkhele Mtubatuba Dlangezwa Phalane Mntongenankundla Luvuno Veyane(Velane) Mayanda(Malanda) Masukumbeya(Mashukumbela) Nzama kaBelisi Magcoba Mhabahaba Sontuyi(Sontuli) Gagisa: IZiduko zama Hlubi, ngu Henry Masila Ndawo. Published by Lovedale Press, 1939. Found at Rhodes University Library. Last updated 12/03/2013 nguNkwali, uBukula, uThando wakwa Mjebeza kaNokuni ozalwaNgumsithi yena ozalwangu Mjebeza eGobozana eQonce.
- Nozulu (Deyi, Kheswa, Mpafane, Mchumane, Mpangazitha, Macocobela, Mzimkhulu, Ndokoma, Dosini, Thukela, amaHlubi)
- Nqarhwane (ooZduli, ooHintsabe, ooMaqhula, ooHlabilawu)
- Ntlane (uNtlanga, uNqabane, uDingi, ooMpilo, ooMkhondwana, oobhal’esendeni ngonqaba kwephepha, ooGcuta, oSinje, oomthwa kaSihula, amawele ukwezana ancanciswa apha nangaphesheya)
- Ntshilibe (Bhanqo, Ndize, Langa, Mdumane, Bobese, Gawul’abathakathi, Nqambodada, Nyokony’elinyam’enyameni, Ntshontshololo, Mgcaleka, senior Counselors in the Xhosa Royal House, “ama andina tata ndizeke ndingowakho”.
- Nxasana, Thaba, Dunjane, Skhonza, Gazo, Mkhiwa, Totoba, Malilelwa zintombi zithi “Bhuti ndizeke andina mama andina tata”, Gqunu kaNomphakatshane, NoMbhekela, Malunguz’ udonga andulukuwela
- Nxotwe (Gabazi, Qamkazi, Mfuza afulele okwelifu lemvula, Mpondomise)
- Nxuba (Mduma, Rhudulu)
- Nyase (uMduma, uBhobhoza kaMgqiwane, uNothintwa ongathintwayo ungamthinti lo mntwana uzakukuxaka, icala lenkomo emdaka, uNdzabela, uNtsebeza, umfaz’obelelinye oncancis’okungaphetsheya, uFenjana kafebana ogangathel’abanye bedl’ubomi, oonoshukumis’imivalo, oohombe…Found in Ntabankulu and Lusikisiki, petsheya kweThina, phetsheya kweTsitsa, phetsheya koMzimvubu [AmaMpondo]) ongathintwayo ungamthinti lo mntwana uzakukuxaka, icala lenkomo emdaka, uNzabela, uNtsebeza, umfaz’obelelinye oncancis’okungaphetsheya, ofenjana kafebana ogangathela abanye bedl’ubomi, onoshukumis’imivalo, ohombe .. Found in Ntabankulu eDumsi, eMacwerheni, Lusikisiki, phetsheya kwe Thina, phetsheya kweTsitsa, phetsheya koMzimvubu)
- Nyawuza (Faku, Mpondo ruling line, chiefs including Faku, Sigcau, Bokleni, Ndamase)
- Nzotho (Nyelezi, Maphongo)
- Mqadi Ngqwili Nondlobe, Ngcwina,
- Qhinebe â (clan of Wonga Guntu, born 6 June 1914) Gqugqugqu, Zithonga-zithathu, Haha, Mlunjwa, Mkhomanzi, Duka namahlathi, nkonjan’ émnyama edlalémafini.
- Qocwa (Deyi, Zikhali, Mazembe, Jojo, Tiyeka, Butsolo Beentonga Mbizana, Mabombo, Ngcolosi)
- Qoma (Qomukuyitya, ooMvand’inyama, Nyohela, Nwaba ndikwenze, ooSigqo, Sisiqobo eso)
- Qithi (Ndinga, Nkomo ayizali izala ngokuzaliswa, Yem-yem, Sopitsho, Ngqolomsila, Velabembhentsele, Zondwa, Thembu)
- Qwathi â Iinkomo zikaXesibe, zikaJojo, zikaMtshutshumbe, ogqaz’indlel’ebhek’ebuNguni. (The amaQwathi are not a clan but an independent nation founded by Mtshutshumbe kaMthetho who split from the amaXesibe nation and settled in the Mqanduli area in Thembuland some 350 years ago. Later they settled in their present capital of Engcobo during the reign of King Dlomo of abaThembu, about 1680. This small but fiercely independent and anti-colonial nation divides into several clans: amaDikela, amaTshaba, ooSdindi, ooBhlangwe, ooBhose, amaNzolo, imiNcayi, amaNtondo, amaKhombayo, ooMkhondweni, amaVumbe, ooKhebesi, amaBangula, amaDumba, ooMhotho, ooCakeni, ooBhabha, amaMvala, amaDabisa, ooS’ximba, etc. Prominent chiefs include the anti-colonial Stokwe ka-Ndlela, Dalasile kaFubu, Fubu himself (who fought and killed both Rharhabe and his son Mlawu in 1782, defended his capital and defeated Madzikane of the Bhaca in 1824 and Matiwane of Ngwane in 1828 during the Mfecane wars triggered by Shaka, etc.), Zwelakhe (present chief))[6]
- Radebe SingamaNgelengele, sisi sizwe esizi mele. Asingo maXhosa, Sotho, nor Zulu. Sithi amakhosi kwisizwe sama Hlubi.
Ndambe; Fafa; Rhudulu; Teyise; Mfunguma; Goduka; Sandali; Thole; Ncayiyana; Thetho; Holomika; Jambase; Mthimkhulu; Ngqeleni; Mkhence; Mafahla; Joseph; January; Mphela; Ndumazi; Bhaziya; Ncuthu; Rheme; Jayiya; Zusana; Ngwana; Molomeka; Malema; Fandesi; Sethima; Sidima; Ngconde; mkhabela; Ncusamba; Mfikazwe; Masinga; Msiza; Yawa; Yaso; Ohoiwa; Qoqoba; Ntsunde; Bandezi; Mqikela; Mqhayi; Mkabani; Sonto; Mai; Vrekke; Damane;Jiyaso; Ntsima; Ndeze; Zenzile; Maphanga; Zuma; Jombose; Ndayisa; Ndila; ndzimande; Bhodlo; Mzimkhulu; Mbotho; Doseni; Dosini; mMqinase; Coko; Vilane; mzoyiyana; Mzozoyana; Tuni; Tau; Baloyi; Valoi; vabooi; Booi; Saliso; Mndima; Mdingi; Ndlobeni; Ndlovukazi; Ndaba; tshaziya; tshaka; lembe; Nemba; Lemba; Bhekuzulu; Bhekezulu; Mantantayise; Sesulu; Sisulu; Ngiba; Ngidi; Goreh; Ngcandana; Mtsamai; Bereng;Tsaitsai; Ncede;Zukulu; Mkhonde; Chitwayo; Ndengane; Feketha; Ndala; Bhubesi; Lamaani; Ndrishan; Drouze; Fulmake and Solika ka Ndebela Mande; Makubalo
- Rharha-(Rharh’orhalayo ongarhaleli nto yamntu, Nokhwel’thole, Vuyani, Ndulwini, Tshwentshwe, Mfaz’obele’linye phesheya komlanjana)
- Rhoyi (Ntanzi, Dedeza, Mhlambiso, Sakhele, Ndima, Ndzube, Nzimande, Masoka, Mzimkhulu – amaHlubi Amahle)
- Shweme, (Shweme, Limakhwe, Nolundi, Nogqagqa, Malilelwa Zintombi zisithi bhuti ndizeke, Zilamkhonto)
- Sithathu âmeans ‘third’, the third Khoi-khoi ancestry clan, the two other ones are Gqwashu and Sukwiniâ oChisana, Khopoyi, Ndebe, Hasa, Lawu]
- Skhosana “Ndebele ancestry “(Skhosana,Nozulu,Ntuthwana,Musi ka Mhlanga,Mntungwa,Thukela,Suza,Mpafana,Ndebele) by Andisiwe Volwana
- Skhoji (A group of Xhosa speaking people who mainly occupy the small town called Tsolo on the Tsitsa valley. They are the direct descendants of a Scottish man by the name of William Saunders who befriended a Xhosa girl and later had issue.)
- Shiya
- Sohobese
- Sonani, ntshiza, phokela, ntshantsha ka- mpisi, bhovula zime nkqo, into’ezawela umlambo nge peni, omazanenkungu, imvula lubabalo kuzo, umabuya, umhlab’ohlul’ abafokazana, usndindindi, mfazi omabele made owancancisa amawele ngaphesheya komfula wase leng
- S’thathu, Chisana, Ndebe, Khophoyi, AmaLawu, S’dwashu, Nkomo ezibomvu ezimnyama ziyatyiwa (AmaGqunukhwebe clan
- Sukude (Mkhondwane; Gxarhâeliphezulu; Mancamâiinkomo ethenga iyeza kuba ngugqirha wamaMpondo; Umfo olalâebanjiwe kodwa avuke kusasa engenatyala; Sikhonza esikhonzâufazâobele linye phesheya komlanjana; Zika Hlambangobubende; Zika Mthwa ka Sihula; Zika Gxarha; Zika Gxarheliphezulu; Zika Sitshwili; UNontwemnandi; Izibaya zika Santsabe; Umthondo omhle ozala amakhosi; Mbokodâebomvu yokusilâucumsi; Rharhâorhalayo engarhalelâizityalo zabelungu (Mpondo clan name)).
- Sukwini (with Khoi-khoi ancestry) â [Deyi, Chwama, Lawu, Dibashe, Somda, Somchiza, Ndlela, Ndlakhwe, Lubisi, Nja-bomvu, Sandlala-ngca, Ithole loMthwakazi]
- Thangana (Krila, Mtengwana, Rhaso, M’bamba, Bodlinja, Gobingca)
- Thiyane (Zengele, Ngele-ngele, Mahlangabeza owahlangabeza iNkosi isiza ngobuso ezweni, Nonkosi, Zulu, Buhlungu Benyoka, Nomphumela, Mpundwana zincinci zingazingongiwa, amaHlubi)
- Thole (Gqagqane, Buzini, Ndlangisa, Mzimshe, Lwandle)
- Tiyana (Mbambalalana, Sigquma-Nkungwini kutsho kothuk’izindlwana, Nhanhi, Mpheke, Mlambokhwelintaba, Tshulasi, Nongqwangile) ubukhulu becala esi siduko sifumaneka eMqandulinangakwicala lase mpuma kumlambo uMthatha (the Clan of Bonke Xakatha “Aah! Zwelobuntu”.)
- Mtolo (Tolo, Nongwadla, Mchenge, Bhanekazi, Ngwenyankomo, Dlangamandla, Zulu, Masali, Mfingo, Amajubantlantsi, Vumba lempongo liyanuka, Nozinja ziyakhonkotha, Kuba zithi : “Hawi! Hawu! Hawu! Xa zibonâumntâozayo, Nozinja ziyafulathelana, Kanti zenzâumntwana, Umlambâ awuwelwa, Uwelwa ziinkonjane kuphela, Zona zimaphiko made, Nkomo zikaGaxaza! Oonkuni azothiwa, kuba zithezwe yinkosazana, Bona babasa amadaka eenkomo zabo, Izinto ezifuye inkomo zafuya negusha nehashe.)
- Mngwevu (Zulu, Skhomo, Mhlatyana, Rhudulu, Tshangisa, Bhodlinyama, Snuka, Nxuba, Fak’inyama emlanjeni iphume ivuthiwe)
- Tshatshu (ooTubane, ooHoza, Inkomo ezibomvu zikaMphasala)
- Tshawe (the ruling house among all the Xhosa. Chiefs include Hintsa, Sigcawu, Sarhili, Xolilizwe, Xhosa, Malangana, Nkosi-Yamntu, Ngcqangu, Skhomo, Togu, Ngconde]]etc.)
- Tshezi (the ruling Bomvana clan of the Jalamba-Gambushe line, with European shipwreck ancestry)
- Tshomane (with shipwreck ancestry, split from the ruling Nyawuza clan of the Mpondo)
- Tyani (Mbulu, Mdumo, Noqobo, Nontshatsha, Manci, The clan of AmaZotsho)
- Tshonyane (The clan name of Chris Hani) -Aphuma kubelungu abatyekezwa yinqanawe) â Chungwa, Dikiza, Sawu, Sido, Saba Tota, Simnke, Khwane, Hani, Mth’uzimele, Gqunukhwebe, Nkomo z’bomvu[7]
- Thwane (Fulela wanetha, Mfazi olivila, Mpemvu, Sabelo, Wuwu)
- Xaba (ooNonkosi, ooNonxa asikhathali, ooNomjoli, ooLinda, ooMwelase, ooMlotywa, ooShwabada, owashwabadel’inkomo neempondo zazo, Apho kungavalwa ngamivalo kuvalwa ngamakhand’amadoda, aMahlubi amahle.)
- Xesibe (AmaXesibe are a nation made up of several clans and tribes but their history is not well documented. Common clan names are: Snama, Rhadu, Cwerha, Nune, Mayaba, Gcuma, Nxontsa, Bhuku, Mlatshenyi, Ngqatyana, Nondzaba, Mbathane, Tshomela ka Matsho, Matshaya, Makhuma)(Mbathane, Matshaya, Xesibe, Khanda’nyawana, Matshin’ayibheke, Ibhaca
- ).
- Xhamela (They are also called amaGcina, found in Thembuland).
- Xoko (Mpinga, Mawawa, Ntomtwana, Ngceza…Mostly populated in Bizana and Surrounding areas)
- Zangwa (Khwalo, Ncuthu, Sohobese, oonkuma â amaMpondo).
- Zulu Ntombela, Tshaka, Lombeki, Mtungwa, Mhlehluwile, Sikamade, Mpungose, Mpundzima, Ndabakazi, Mbilingati, Sakhephi, Seme, Ndlovana, Ngwana, Lemba, Phungula, Zulu
- Zoko ( Chatha, Dlokovana, Mathathesuka njeNyamazane, Ngqambashe, Diya malandelwa yintombi ithi ngizeke noma awunkomo, mntomhle njenjomi, Bekwa, Mafumbatha, Kitana, Gojana, Maniza, Mbhantso, Makhawini, Mazwana, Matana, Mkhosana, Nduluka, Nyumbana, Tseku, Bhokomela)
Xhosa tribes all 12 remain as follows:
- AmaGqunukhweba
- AmaRigwa
- AmaHigwa
- AbaThwa – AmaSan and Khoi
- AmaMpondo
- AmaMpondomise
- AmaBomvana
- AmaFingo
- AmaXesibe
- AmaQadi
- AmaFingwa
In Terms temporals was Alikednth Not Xhoosa Was Laerthghyu
Ikumkanikazhii Kuxeshaa Nghamaxhoosa Emhilhonhi Kusekudhalhenhi
- Amagqhunhukhweba – Zhandholhoo Ndhimaa Ngqhamhakhwe Qaamaataa
- AmaMpomse – Nqabeki Sumhako Saandhandha Mbhetsholomee
- AmaMfenghuu – Ndhasii Ndhoa Ndelemi Ntsakamu Lithekaaa
- AmaGQadi – Quma Xarru Langmaan Xoi Sun Velelaa Xaam
- AmaMpondhoo – Gxizhaa Qaa Lalhefhii Qe Qaukaa Qawukelo
- AmaXesibe – Lejaais Nkoi D’Nkoi Nkoi Plaatoonhath Rhoi
- AmaBomvhanha – Lesjhaku Lhankumhaa Nhekwathi Selebhamthi Se
- AmaFinghwaa – Sondhomhaa Lhidhirhaa Rhazhiswamhee Rhaletshu
- AmaFinghoo – Solentsu Nghibhanghiso Lhamnghethuu Nghonhiii
- AbaThwaa – Ntselekiso Sabalelhii Hintsaa Selaamtshadhi Ncia Ciyaa Ncu Xaa
- AmaRigwa – Ntelekeso Selhuya Mpita Se Silanto Ntintalantsu Ntsola
- AmaHighwa – Nhikhwelase Siyhaselwase Mhikwase Lidhirhaswe Mhavhekisa Gwijhaa*Suthu, Ncwane, Rhayeni, Ncwane, Mahlatsi, Mahlatsi, Mrhena, Shuba seguusha emnyama
- AmaNdambane -mvulotshe, Nohali, Ndlungwane, Maqolo, squngelo, ngubo nkulu Mayiwa
Amacwerha-Cwerha, Gxarha, Mlawu, Mahlahlana, Siyoyo
- Msuthu:Mtlokwa, tsotetsi, sbilwana ,*msuthukazi or Females
- Mpandla:Mbona, Tshayingwe!


text:
Irene Vallejo Moreu (Zaragoza, 1979) Uyi-classical philologist kunye nombhali. Uwahlulahlula umsebenzi wakhe phakathi kophando ngexesha leGreco-Latin kunye nababhali bayo, kunye nokubhala ngokuyilayo. Ndifumene i IMbasa yeSizwe yesincoko ngo-2020 ngu Ubuncwane engcongolweni. Ungumfazi wesihlanu ukuphumelela.
Umsebenzi wakhe uquka imixholo eyahluke kakhulu.. Ukusuka kwibali labantwana kunye nolutsha, ngeyona mabali antsonkothileyo, imfazwe yamakhaya okanye isincoko. U-Irene Vallejo ukwangumbhali webali elifutshane kwaye sinokumfunda kwi-anthology ethile.
U-Irene Vallejo uthanda ukuziva eqhagamshelwe kumhlaba wakhe kwaye usebenzisana naye IHerald yaseAragon. Njengombhali ovela eAragon, lo mmandla uwonge ngewonga lawo eliphezulu, i Imbasa yeAragon yowama-2021. kananjalo ubhalele Ilizwe, y en Ixesha elidlulileyo elikulindeleyo (2010) Kukho umntu owathetha ngathi (2017) kunye ikamva elikhunjulwayo (2020) unokufumana intsebenziswano yakhe yobuntatheli ihlanganisiwe.
Index
- 1 Izitshixo zoncwadi zika-Irene Vallejo
- 2 U-Irene Vallejo: umsebenzi obalisayo kunye nolwazi
- 2.1 Isigama sikanobhala wethala leencwadi kunye nesibalulekileyo soncwadi kuMarcial (2008)
- 2.2 Ukukhanya okungcwatywayo (2011)
- 2.3 I-Inventor of Travel (2014) kunye neNgcaciso yeeNdawo ezizolileyo (2015)
- 2.4 Impempe yoMtoli (2015)
- 2.5 Intsasa engenanto (2018)
- 2.6 Ubuncwane engcongolweni (2019)
- 2.7 Imanifesto yokufunda (2020)
Izitshixo zoncwadi zika-Irene Vallejo
U-Irene Vallejo ebesoloko eluthanda uncwadi. Uninzi lomsebenzi wakhe ubuyela kwimvelaphi yemibhalo ebhaliweyo, kwihlabathi lakudala. Kwaye ungumkhuseli owomeleleyo wobuntu kunye nexabiso elakhayo ababenalo ukusuka e-Alexandria ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, nge-intanethi.
Inikela iincwadi njengezixhobo zenyaniso, ubuncwane obusebenza njengesitshixo kulwazi lomntu. Ngokufanayo, ibachaza njengezikhongozeli zeemvakalelo kunye neengcamango zabantu, ezigcinwe ngokubonga kubantu abanesibindi nabangaziwa, iintombi zexesha labo, ezaziqonda ukubaluleka kwegama elibhaliweyo.
Njengabantu siphila amava ethu ngokungathi matsha, kodwa ayafana neemvakalelo, inkxalabo efanayo eneneni eye yabenza bagungqa abemi beli hlabathi. Iincwadi zikhona ukuze zandise ezi ngcinga zomntu ngamnye esizenzele zona kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zisenze sizive sisodwa.
Uthi unombulelo omkhulu kuba ekhulele kwintsapho ye-bibliophile, nangona kunjalo, yinto nje yokungcungcuthekiswa kwakhe esemncinane esikolweni eyabangela ukuba aveze iimvakalelo zakhe. Uyayiqonda into yokuba iincwadi ziye zaba zezona zibalaseleyo, kwaye zisindise umntu kwezona meko zimbi.. Bamncedisa ke naye. Uncwadi lwenza banzi umbono wethu wehlabathi kwaye lusinceda ukuba sibe novelwano, siqonde omnye komnye njengeentlobo, ekuphela kwayo ekwaziyo ukuhlanganisa iitekisi.
U-Irene Vallejo: umsebenzi obalisayo kunye nolwazi
Incwadi kunye nesigama esibalulekileyo kuncwadi kwiMartial (2008)
Yincwadi efundisayo egxininisa kumfanekiso kaMarcial, imbongi yesiLatini eyayiphila ngenkulungwane yokuqala yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo.Lo msebenzi wezemfundo ucamngca ngemeko yencwadi noncwadi kule nkulungwane kwaye ufundisisa uchazo-magama olusetyenziswa ngumbhali wesiLatini. Umsebenzi ochanekileyo ojolise kwiingcali okanye abo banomdla kwisifundo.
Ukukhanya okungcwatyelwe (2011)
Yinoveli emfutshane esetwe ekuqaleni kweMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain. Ibalisa indlela ungquzulwano olufike ngayo kubomi bosapho olukumgangatho ophakathi kwisixeko saseZaragoza kunye nendlela abajongana ngayo nokungaqiniseki okuveliswe kukuqala kwemfazwe. Ithunyelwe ngu isibiyeli somhleli.
Umqambi wohambo (2014) kunye Umxholo wamaza amnandi (2015)
Umqambi wohambo Ngamabali abantwana aphefumlelwe ngamabali kaLucian waseSamosata (kwinkulungwane yesi-XNUMX AD). Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kusenzeka rhoqo, abantu abadala banokukonwabela kwaye bazityebise ngoku kufunda. U-Irene Vallejo usizisela thina kunye namabali amancinci agxininiswe kwiintsomi kunye ne-classical legend. Y Umxholo wamaza amnandi Ikwanayo nenkangeleko endala. Uqokelela umbono wentsomi ka-Ovid aze ayiguqule ukuze ayifundise koyena mncinane.
U-Irene Vallejo ukhuthaza abantwana kunye nabafikisayo ukuba bafunde, kwaye ngakumbi ukufumanisa ezona zakudala ngokusebenzisa i-adventure kunye nentelekelelo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba amava akhe okuphatha gadalala esikolweni amtyhalele ekubeni enze la mabali olutsha ecaleni kwakudala ajikeleza uninzi lomsebenzi wakhe. Ukongeza, uyakwazi ukubaluleka kolwazi lokufunda nokubhala kunye nendlela iincwadi ezinceda ngayo kulo msebenzi, ilungelo elisisiseko labo bonke abantwana. Uthi abantwana baba ngabanye abantu xa befunda ukufunda.
Impempe yomtoli (2015)
Kule noveli u-Irene Vallejo usibuyisela kwixesha elidlulileyo lakudala, kodwa kungekhona njengesithuba sokwexeshana. Umbhali uhlala efuna ukudibanisa ixesha elidlulileyo kunye nelo ngoku kunye nendalo kunye neyimfuneko, isenzo esicacileyo. Yinoveli yokuzonwabisa kunye nothando egcwele intsomi kunye nentsomi kunye no-Aeneas njengomdlali ophambili kunye neqhawe. Imbongi uVirgilio uya kubhala ibali lika-Aeneas kwaye uya kuba ngumlinganiswa oyintloko. Incwadi apho ixesha elidlulileyo kunye nekamva elidlulileyo lidlana. Thumela Igama loMshicileli.
kusasa engenazihlangu (2018)
Ngumdlalo wemibongo kunye nengxelo ephakathi kwangoku kunye nehlabathi elimangalisayo lentsomi yakudala. Imibhalo yeprose kaVallejo idibaniswe nemibongo yombhali waseArgentina u-Inés Ramón.
Ubuncwane engcongolweni (2019)
lomhleli siruela. I-Infinity eNgxoweni: Ukuveliswa kweencwadi ezivela kwihlabathi laMandulo iprinta kwimathiriyeli ukufaneleka kwemvelaphi yamaphepha ethu ephepha. Ukusuka kwiingcongolo ze-papyri zenziwe, kwaye apho iingcamango ezingapheliyo zoNcwadi zaqala ukubizwa ngokuba yi-calligraphed, eqhubekayo namhlanje ngaphandle kokuphelelwa amandla.
Le ncwadi, ngokwamazwi ombhali, imbeko kubo bonke abantu abaye bakhusela kwaye bagcina iincwadi. Yindlela yokubabulela bonke. Kuba iincwadi zilifa lethu elidlulileyo, langoku kunye nekamva. Ukusuka kwilitye kunye nodongwe ukuya Uhlobo.
Yimbali yencwadi kwaye u-Irene Vallejo uhamba kwiindawo ezinkulu zeMbali; ukusuka apho iincwadi zilushiye khona uphawu lwazo, ukuya kutsho kwixesha eziye zazenza zanyamalala ngayo. Kodwa xa imibhalo yayisengozini yokufa kwakusoloko kukho umntu owayeyikhusela (amakhoboka, abakhupheli, ababhali, iimonki noonongendi, abathengisi beencwadi, oosomathala, abayili beencwadi, abafundisi-ntsapho, oonjingalwazi, abahambi, abapapashi, okanye abafundi).
Kunzima ukudikwa ngolu hambo lukhawulezayo apho umbhali asintywiliselayo, nto leyo esenza ukuba sikhenkethe ilizwe nembali, nalapho sikhunjuzwa ukuba amanina nawo adlale indima engundoqo yokubalisa. Into ehlekisayo kukuba ukuba u-Irene Vallejo ufumene kwincwadi yefilosofi incwadi eyonwabisayo ezele bubulumko ekwatsalela abafundi abangabodwa..
i-manifesto yokufunda (2020)
lomhleli siruela. Isincoko esifutshane samaphepha angama-64 apho u-Irene Vallejo ecela uxolo ngokufunda. Utsho ukuba utyala malini kwaye akafuni ngaphezulu. Igcwele izifundo zencwadi ezilungileyo nezisempilweni ezikumemayo ukuba ufunde kwaye udale imikhwa yokufunda. Yiyo loo nto.