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Isahluko 6: Amaphondo (103-150)
103. Amaphondo
- IRiphablikhi inamaphondo alandelayo:
- iMpuma-Koloni;
- iFreyistata;
- iRhawuti;
- KwaZulu-Natal;
- iLimpopo;
- iMpumalanga;
- uMntla-Koloni;
- uMntla-Ntshona;
- iNtshona-Koloni.
[Isiqendwana (1) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 3 soMthetho Weshumi Elinanye Wokwenz’Ut- shintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2003, saza sona sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 1 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesibini Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqos-siseko ka-2005.]
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Imimandla yamaphondo iyiyo yonke imimandla eboniswe kwiimaphu ngeemaphu ekuthethwe ngazo kwiSaziso esidweliswe kwiSihlomelo 1A.
[Isiqendwana (2) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 1 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesibini Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2005.]
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- Nanini na xa ummandla wephondo utshintshwa lutshintsho olwenziwa kuMgaqo-siseko, uMthetho wePalamente usenokuxela iindlela, kungadanga kube lixesha elide, zokulawula iziphumo ezibandakany’umthetho nezinye iziphumo ezizezinye ezizalwa lolo tshintsho.
- UMthetho wePalamente ekuthethwa ngawo kwisiqendu (a) usenokuwiswa uze wenziwe usebenze ngaphambi kokuba luqalise ukusebenza olo tshintsho loMgaqo-siseko, kodwa imisebenzi yephondo, impahla yephondo, namalungelo, neembopheleleko, nemisebenzi, zinokufuduswa kuphela ngokwaloo Mthetho emva kokuba luqalile ukusebenza olo tshintsho loMgaqo-siseko.
[Isiqendu 103 sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 1 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesibini Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2005.]
IziNdlu Zowiso-mthetho Zamaphondo
104. Igunya lokuwis’ umthetho lamaphondo
- Igunya lokuwis’umthetho lephondo likwindlu yowiso yowiso-mthetho yalo kwaye lithi jize kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo igunya–
- lokuphumeza umgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye lokwenz’utshintsho kumgaqo-siseko ophunyezwe yiyo ngokwesiqendu 142 nese-143;
- lokuphumeza umthetho wephondo ngawo–
- nawuphi na umcimbi owela kummandla wentsebenzo odweliswe kwiSihlomelo (4);
- nawuphi na umcimbi owela kummandla wentsebenzo odweliswe kwiSihlomelo 5;
- nawuphi na umcimbi owela ngaphandle kuloo mimandla yentsebenzo, kodwa ube usabelwa iphondo ngokucacileyo ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke;
- nangawo nawuphi na umcimbi okuthi okutshiwo nguMgaqo-siseko kuvul’indlela yokuwiswa komthetho wephondo;
- nelokuba amagunya alo okuwis’umthetho liwaphathise iBhunga likaMasipala kwelo phondo.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngesindululo esamkelwe ngevoti exhasayo ubuncinane yesibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo, isenokucela iPalamente ukuba iliguqule igama lelo phondo.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inkqanyangelwa kuphela nguMgaqo-siseko ize, ukuba iphumeze umgaqo-siseko wephondo, inkqanyangelwe nanguloo mgaqo- siseko, kwaye mayenze ngokuvumelana noMgaqo-siseko nangokuvumelana nomgaqo-siseko wephondo nangokulawulwa yimida yawo.
- Umthetho wepalamente yephondo omayela nomcimbi oyimfuneko ukuze lisetyenziswe ngempumelelo igunya ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi odweliswe kwiSihlomelo 4, ungumthetho wepalamente ongomcimbi odweliswe kwiSihlomelo 4.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo isenokucela iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ukuba yamkele umthetho wepalamente ongomcimbi ongaphaya kwegunya laloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho okanye ongomcimbi ekuthi kuwo kukhonye uMthetho wePalamente kunomthetho wephondo.
105. Indlela ezakheke ngayo izindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo nonyulo lwazo
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngamabhinqa namadoda anyulwe njengamalungu ngokwenkqubo yonyulo–
- efunwa ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke;
- esekelwe kwinxalenye yelo phondo yomqulu wabavoti wezwelonke;
- ethi eyona minyaka iphantsi yobudala anokuvota kuyo umntu yiminyaka eli-18;
- nesiphumo sayo sikukumelwa ngokulinganayo.
[Isiqendwana (1) senziwa utshintsho sisiqendu 3 soMthetho Weshumi Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2003 nasisiqendu 3 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesine Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.]
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inamalungu aphakathi kwama-30 nama-80. Inani lamalungu, elisenokushiya-shiyana ngokwamaphondo, maligqitywe ngokwendlela efunwa ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
106. Ubulungu
- Wonke ummi ofanelekayo ukuba avotele iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho uyafaneleka ukuba abe lilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngaphandle–
- komntu oqeshwe ngurhulumente, okanye osebenzela urhulumente, kwaye efumana umvuzo ngoko kuqeshwa okanye ngoko kumsebenzela–
- engeyiyo iNkulumbuso nabanye aBaphathiswa bephondo;
- kungengabo nabanye abasezikhundleni abamisebenzi yabo ihambelanayo nemisebenzi yelungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, kwaye ibe loo misebenzi ivakaliswe ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ihambelana nemisebenzi yelungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo;
- kwabangengawo amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, abathunywa abasisigxina kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke okanye amalungu eBhunga likaMasipala;
- kwabangengabo abavakaliswe yinkundla bengakwazi ukuwahlawula amatyala abo kwaye bengekaphumi kuloo meko;
- kongenguye ovakaliswe yinkundla yeRiphablikhi engongaphilanga engqondweni; okanye
- kongenguye othe, emva kokuba esi siqendu siqalise ukusebenza, wafunyaniswa enetyala lokwaphul’umthetho waza wagwetywa ixesha elingaphezu kweenyanga ezili-12 entolongweni engakhethiswanga fayini, nokuba kulapha kwiRiphablikhi okanye kungaphandle kweRiphablikhi, ukuba isenzo ukuba esikukwaphul’umthetho besiya kuba kukwaphul’umthetho kwiRiphablikhi, kodwa akukho mntu onokuthathwa njengogwetyiweyo de kube kwenziwe isigqibo ngesibheno sakhe nxamnye nokufunyaniswa kwakhe enetyala okanye nxamnye nesigwebo sakhe, okanye de libe ixesha lokubhena liphelile. Ukungafaneleki okutshiwo sesi siqendu kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu sigqityiwe isigwebo.
- Umntu ongafanelekiyo ukuba lilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngokwesiqendwana (1)(a) okanye (b) unokuzigqatsela ukuba kwindlu yowiso- mthetho, kodwa ke ngokulawulwa yimida okanye yimiqathango ebekwe ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
- Umntu uyalahlekelwa bubulngu bendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ukuba–
- uyayeka ukuba ngofanelekayo; okanye
- uthi angabikho kwindlu yowiso-mthetho ngaphandle kwemnvume kwiimeko ethi imigaqo nemiyalelo yendlu yowiso-mthetho iyalele ukuba makalahlekelwe bubulungu; okanye
- uyayeka ukuba lilungu lombutho owamchongayo ukuba abe lilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho.
[Isiqendwana (3) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 4 soMthetho Weshumi Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2003 nasisiqendu 4 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesine Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.]
- Zithuba kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo mazivalwe ngokomthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
107. Isifungo okanye isibhambathiso
Ngaphambi kokuba amalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo aqalise ukwenza imisebenzi yawo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, makafunge okanye enze isibhambathiso sokuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokweSihlomelo 2.
108. Ubude bexesha lezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inyulelwa ixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu.
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Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ithi ichithwe ngokwesiqendu 109, okanye xa kuphela ixesha layo, iNkulumbuso mayithi, ngokwenza isihlokomiso, imemelele ukuba kubekho unyulo ize ixele imihla yalo, lunyulo olo omalubekho zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-90 ukususela kumhla eyachithwa ngawo indlu yowiso-mthetho okanye ukususela kumhla wokuphela kwexesha layo.
[Isihlokomiso esimemelela unyulo nesixela imihla yalo sinokukhutshwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo okanye emva kokuphela kwalo.]
[Isiqendwana (2) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 1 soMthetho Wesine Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-1999.]
- Ukuba isiphumo sendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo asibhengezwa lo gama kuselixesha elimiselwe ngokwesiqendu 190, okanye ukuba unyulo luthi luphuthiswe yinkundla, uMongameli makathi, ngokwenza isihlokomiso, amemelele olunye unyulo aze axele imihla yalo, lunyulo olo omalubekho zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-90 ukususela ekupheleni kwelo xesha okanye ukususela kumhla olwathi unyulo lwaphuthiswa ngawo.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo iqhubeka inako ukusebenza ukususela kwixesha echithwa ngalo okanye ukususela kwixesha lokuphelelwa kwayo, kude kube yimini eyandulela usuku lokuqala lokuvotela indlu yowiso-mthetho elandelayo.
109. Ukuchithwa kwezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha lazo
- Inkulumbuso yephondo mayiyichithe indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ukuba–
- indlu yowiso-mthetho yamkele isigqibo sokuyichitha ngevoti exhasayo yesininzi samalungu ayo; naxa
- kudlule iminyaka emithathu ukususela ekunyulweni kwendlu yowiso- mthetho.
- INkulumbuso eBambeleyo mayiyichithe indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ukuba–
- kukho isithuba kwisikhundla seNkulumbuso; naxa
- indlu yowiso-mthetho ingayinyulanga iNkulumbuso entsha kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30 sidalekile isithuba eso.
110. Ukuhlala kwazo namaxesha ekhefu
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Emva konyulo, ukuhlala kokuqala kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo makube ngexesha nangomhla ogqitywe yijaji echongwe yiJaji eyiNtloko, kodwa zingade ziphele iintsuku ezili-14 sibhengeziwe isiphumo sonyulo. Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inokuzenzela isigqibo ngexesha nangobude lokunye ukuhlala kwayo nangamaxesha ayo ekhefu.
[Isiqendwana (1) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 8 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- Inkulumbuso yephondo inokuthi nangaliphi na ixesha ibize indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ukuba ihlale ngexesha elingelilo lokuhlala ukuze yenze imisebenzi ekhethekileyo.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo isenokwenz’isigqibo mayela nokuba iza kuhlala phi ngokuqhelekileyo.
111. OoSihlalo nooSekela-Sihlalo bezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo
- Ekuhlaleni kwayo kokuqala emva konyulo, okanye xa kuyimfuneko ukuvala isithuba, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo mayinyule uSihlalo noSekela-Sihlalo kumalungu ayo.
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Ijaji echongwe yiJaji eyiNtloko mayongamele ukunyulwa kukaSihlalo. USihlalo yena wongamela ukunyulwa kukaSekela-Sihlalo.
[Isiqendwana (2) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 9 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- Inkqubo echazwe kwiCandelo A leSihlomelo 3 iyasebenza ekunyulweni kooSihlalo nooSekela-Sihlalo.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inokumshenxisa esikhundleni uSihlalo wayo okanye uSekela-Sihlalo wayo ngokuthath’isigqibo. Makubekho isininzi samalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho xa kusamkelwa eso sigqibo.
- Ngokwemigaqo yayo nemiyalelo, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo isenokunyula kumalungu ayo amanye amagosa okongamela ukuba ancedise uSihlalo noSekela- Sihlalo.
112. Izigqibo
- Ngaphandle kwaxa uMgaqo-siseko utsho okwahlukileyo–
- makubekho isininzi samalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngaphambi kokuba kuvotelwe uMthetho oYilwayo okanye uMthetho oYilwayo wokwenz’ utshintsho;
- makubekho ubuncinane isinye kwisithathu samalungu ngaphambi kokuba kuvotelwe nawuphi na omnye umbandela ophambi kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo; kananjalo
- onke imibandela ephambi kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo igqitywa ngesininzi seevoti.
- Ilungu elongameleyo kwintlanganiso yendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo alinakuthabath’inxaxheba kwiingxoxo, kodwa–
- malivote kwivoti yokwenz’isigqibo xa iivoti zilingana macala kumbandela okhoyo; kwaye
- linokuthabath’inxaxheba kwiingxoxo xa umbandela oxoxwayo kufuneka ugqitywe ngevoti yesibini kwisithathu ubuncinane samalungu endlu yowiso- mthetho.
113. Amalungelo abathunywa abasisigxina kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo
- Abathunywa abasisigxina bephondo kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke bavumelekile ukuba babekho, kwaye bavumelekile ukuba bathethe, kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo abo nakwiikomiti zazo, kodwa abavumelekanga ukuba bavote. Indlu yowiso-mthetho isenokufuna ukuba umthunywa osisigxina abekho kwindlu yowiso- mthetho okanye kwiikomiti zayo.
114. Amagunya ezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo
- Ekusebenziseni igunya layo lokuwis’imithetho, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo-
- inokuqwalasela nawuphi na uMthetho oYilwayo ophambi kwendlu yowiso- mthetho, iwuphumeze, yenze utshintsho kuwo okanye iwukhabe, kwaye
- inokuwuqalisa ngokwayo umthetho okanye iwulungiselele, ngaphandle kweMithetho eYilwayo yemali.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo mayithi gqi namacebo–
- okuqinisekisa ukuba onke amacandelo karhulumente akwiphondo ayaphendula kuyo;
- nawokuba liliso–
- ekusetyenzisweni kwegunya lokulawula kwiphondo, kuquka nokwenziwa kwemithetho isebenze;
- nakulo naliphi na icandelo likarhulumente kwiphondo.
115. Ubungqina okanye ingcombolo phambi kwezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo okanye nayiphi na ikomiti kwiikomiti zayo–
- inokubiza nawuphi na umntu ukuba avele phambi kwayo ukuze anike ubungqina efungile okanye enze isibhambathiso sokutheth’inyaniso, okanye avelise amaxwebhu;
- isenokufuna ukuba nawuphi na umntu okanye iziko lenze ingxelo kuyo;
- isenokunyanzela nawuphi na umntu okanye umbutho ngokomthetho wephondo okanye ngokwemigaqo nemiyalelo, ukuba athobele umsila wengwe okanye enze okufunwayo ngokwesiqendu (a) okanye (b); kwaye
- isenokwamkela izicelo okanye okuvela nakuwuphi na umntu ochaphazelekayo okanye imibutho echaphazelekayo.
116. Amalungiselelo angaphakathi neenkqubo zezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo-
- inokwenza izigqibo ngamalungiselelo nangeenkqubo zayo ize izilawule; kananjalo
- inokwenza imigaqo nemiyalelo ngemicimbi yayo, ikwenza oko ikhumbula intando yesininzi yokumelwa kwabantu nokuthabath’inxaxheba kwabo, ukuphendula, ukusebenzela elubala, nokubandakanyeka koluntu.
- Imigaqo nemiyalelo yendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo mayixele–
- ukuba zisekwa njani, zakhiwe njani, iikomiti zayo, ayintoni amagunya azo, nemisebenzi yazo, neenkqubo zazo nobude bexesha lobukho bazo;
- ukuthabath’inxaxheba kwamaqela amancinane amelweyo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, ethabath’inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zendlu yowiso-mthetho nakwiikomiti zayo, ngendlela evisisana nentando yesininzi;
- uncedo lwemali nololawulo kwiqela ngalinye elimelweyo kwindlu yowiso- mthetho ngokulingana nokumelwa kwalo, ukuze iqela elo nenkokeli yalo liyenze imisebenzi yalo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho ngempumelelo;
- nokwamkelwa kwenkokeli yelona qela likhulu liphikisayo kwindlu yowiso- mthetho njengeNkokeli yeQela Eliphikisayo.
117. Ukungabi nakubekwa tyala
- Amalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo nabathunywa abasisigxina bephondo kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke-
- banenkululeko yokuthetha kwindlu yowiso-mthetho nakwiikomiti zayo, kodwa ke ngokulawulwa yimigaqo nayimiyalelo; kwaye
- abanakumangalelwa ngetyala lembambano okanye lolwaphulo-mthetho, babanjwe, bavalelwe entolongweni okanye bafunw’imbuyekezo ngomonakalo odalwe–
- yiyo nayiphi na into abayithethileyo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye bayivelisa phambi kwayo okanye kwiikomiti zayo; okanye
- yiyo nayiphi na into ethe yatyhileka ngenxa yento abayithethileyo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye bayivelisa phambi kwayo okanye kwiikomiti zayo.
- Ezinye izinto ezingenakubekwa tyala ngazo izindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo namalungu azo zinokutshiwo ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
- Imivuzo, iimalana ezisecaleni namaqithiqithi ahlawulwa amalungu endlu yowiso- mthetho yephondo ziimali ezitsalwa ngqo kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yePhondo.
118. Ukungena koluntu kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo nokubandakanyeka kwalo
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo–
- mayenze ukuba uluntu lubandakanyeke kwiinkqubo zowiso-mthetho nakwezinye iinkqubo zendlu yowiso-mthetho nezeekomiti zazo; kwaye
- mayiwenze umsebenzi wayo elubala, iintlanganiso zayo, nezeekomiti zayo, zibe selubala, kodwa ke kusenokuthatyathwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo–
- okukulawula ukungena koluntu, kuquka nokungena kwamajelo eendaba, kwindlu yowiso-mthetho neekomiti zayo; nawokuba
- asetshwe umntu kwaye, xa kufanelekile, alelwe ukuba angene okanye akhutshwe.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ayivumelekanga ukuba ilwalele uluntu, kuquka namajelo eendaba, ukungena kwintlanganiso yekomiti, ngaphandle kokuba kufanelekile kwaye kuyathetheleleka ukwenza njalo kuluntu olukhululekileyo lwentando yesininzi.
119. Ukungeniswa kweMithetho eYilwayo
- NgaBaphathiswa bephondo okanye ikomiti okanye ilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo abanokuthi bangenise uMthetho oYilwayo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho; kodwa kuphela nguMphathiswa ophathiswe imicimbi yeemali kwiphondo onokuthi angenise uMthetho oYilwayo wemali kwindlu yowiso-mthetho.
120. IMithetho eYilwayo yemali
- UMthetho oYilwayo unguMthetho oYilwayo wemali ukuba-
- waba imali;
- uhlawulisa iirhafu zephondo, nezinye iintlawulo;
- uphelisa okanye unciphisa iirhafu, okanye ukhulula abantu ekuhlawuleni iirhafu, nezinye iintlawulo;
- ugunyaza ukutsalwa kweemali ngqo kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yePhondo.
- UMthetho oYilwayo wemali awuvumelekanga ukuba uthethe ngeminye imicimbi ngaphandle–
- komcimbi owela ngaphantsi kowemali nonento yokwenza nokwabiwa kwemali;
- kokufunwa kweerhafu, ukupheliswa kwazo okanye ukuncitshiswa kwazo, nezinye iintlawulo;
- ngokukhululwa kwabantu ekuhlawuleni iirhafu zephondo, neentlawulo ezizezinye; okanye
- ngokugunyazwa kokutsala ngqo kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yePhondo.
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UMthetho wephondo mawuxele inkqubo enokuthi ngayo indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo yenz’utshintsho kuMthetho oYilwayo wemali.
[Isiqendu 120 sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 3 soMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko.]
121. Ukuvunywa kweMithetho eYilwayo
- INkulumbuso yephondo mayiwuvume ize iwutyikitye uMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe ngokwesi Sahluko, kungenjalo, ukuba inamathandabuzo ngokuvisisana kwawo noMgaqo-siseko, mayiwubuyisele kwindlu yowiso-mthetho ukuze uqwalaselwe ngokutsha.
- Ukuba, emva kokuqwalaselwa kwawo ngokutsha, uMthetho oYilwayo uwaphelisa ngokupheleleyo amathandabuzo eNkulumbuso, iNkulumbuso mayiwuvume ize iwutyikitye uMthetho oYilwayo lowo; ukuba akunjalo, iNkulumbuso-
- mayiwuvume ize iwutyikitye uMthetho oYilwayo; okanye
- iwuthumele kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuze ithathe isigqibo ngokuvisisana kwawo noMgaqo-siseko.
- Ukuba iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko igqiba kwelokuba uMthetho oYilwayo lowo uyavisisana noMgaqo-siseko, iNkulumbuso mayiwuvume ize iwutyikitye.
122. Isicelo esibhekiswa ngamalungu kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko
- Amalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo asenokwenz’isicelo kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko efuna umyalelo ovakalisa ukuba wonke uMthetho wephondo okanye inxalenye yawo awuvisisani noMgaqo-siseko.
- Isicelo–
- masixhaswe ubuncinane ngamashumi amabini ekhulwini kumalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho; kwaye
- masenziwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla iNkulumbuso eyawuvuma ngawo yaza yawutyikitya uMthetho lowo.
- INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko isenokuyalela ukuba wonke uMthetho lowo okanye inxalenye ekwenziwa isicelo ngenxa yayo ngokwesiqendwana (1) awusebenzi okanye inxalenye yawo ayisebenzi de ibe iNkundla yenze isigqibo ngesicelo eso ukuba–
- kufuneka yenze njalo ukuze kwenzeke ubulungisa; sibe
- nesicelo eso kukho ithemba lokuba siza kuphumelela.
- Ukuba isicelo asiphumelelanga, kube kungekho themba kakade lokuba siza kuphumelela, iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko isenokuyalela ukuba kube ngabenzi-sicelo abahlawula iindleko.
123. Ukupapashwa kweMithetho yephondo
- UMthetho oYilwayo ovunyiweyo waza watyikitywa yiNkulumbuso uba nguMthetho wephondo; mawupapashwe msinya, kwaye uqala ukusebenza wakuba upapashiwe okanye ngomhla ogqitywe ngokoMthetho lowo.
124. Ukugcinwa kweMithetho yephondo
- UMthetho oYilwayo ovunyiweyo waza watyikitywa yiNkulumbuso yephondo uba nguMthetho wephondo; mawuthi ke, emva kokuba upapashiwe, uphathiswe iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuba iwugcine.
Oorhulumente Bamaphondo
125. Igunya loburhulumente lamaphondo
- Igunya loburhulumente lephondo likwiNkulumbuso yelo phondo.
- INkulumbuso isebenzisa igunya loburhulumente, ikunye nabanye aBaphathiswa bephondo, ngokuthi –
- iyenze isebenze imithetho yendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kwiphondo;
- iyenze isebenze yonke imithetho yepalamente yezwelonke ewela kwimimandla yentsebenzo ekwiSihlomleo 4 okanye 5 ngaphandle kwalapho uMgaqo-siseko okanye uMthetho wePalamente utsho okwahlukileyo;
- yenze kusebenze kwiphondo imithetho yepalamente yezwelonke ewela ngaphandle kwemimandla yentsebenzo edweliswe kwiSihlomelo 4 nesesi-5, ekusetyenziswa kwayo kwabelwe urhulumente wephondo ngokoMthetho wePalamente;
- iyiphuhlise ize iyenze isebenze inkqubo yephondo;
- ilungelelanise imisebenzi yamaziko amaphondo neyamasebe awo;
- ilungiselele ize iwuqalise ngokwayo umthetho wepalamente wephondo;
- yenze nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi owabelwe urhulumente wephondo ngokoMgaqo-siseko okanye ngokoMthetho wePalamente.
- Iphondo linegunya loburhulumente ngokwesiqendwana (2)(b) kuphela ngokulawulwa kukukwazi kwephondo ukusebenza ngempumelelo. Urhulumente wezwelonke, ngokuwis’umthetho nangezinye iindlela, makancedise amaphondo ukuba aphuhlise ukukwazi kwawo ukuwasebenzisa ngempumelelo amagunya awo nokwenza kwawo imisebenzi ekuthethwe ngayo kwisiqendwana (2).
- Nayiphi na imbambano engokukwazi kwephondo ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi mayibhekiswe kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke ukuze isonjululwe lilo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla wokubhekiswa kwayo kwiBhunga.
- Ngokulawulwa sisiqendu 100, ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho yephondo kwiphondo ligunya elinokusetyenziswa ngurhulumente wephondo kuphela.
- Urhulumente wephondo makenze ngokuvumelana–
- noMgaqo-siseko; kwakunye
- nomgaqo-siseko wephondo, ukuba kuphunyezwe umgaqo-siseko wephondo.
126. Ukuphathiswa kwemisebenzi
- UMphathiswa wephondo unokuphathisa naliphi na igunya okanye umsebenzi ekuligunya emalisetyenziswe okanye ekungumsebenzi omawenziwe ngokoMthetho wephondo, ewuphathisa iBhunga likaMasipala. Ukuphathisa oko–
- makube ngokwesivumelwano phakathi koMphathiswa wephondo lowo neBhunga likaMasipala;
- makuvisisane noMthetho ekusekelwe kuwo igunya elisetyenziswayo okanye ekusekelwe kuwo umsebenzi owenziwayo; kwaye
- kuqala ukusebenza kusakuhlokonyiswa yiNkulumbuso.
127. Amagunya eNkulumbuso nemisebenzi yayo
- INkulumbuso yephondo inamagunya nemisebenzi ephathiswe umntu okweso sikhundla nguMgaqo-siseko nanguwo nawuphi na umthetho wepalamente.
- INkulumbuso yephondo inomsebenzi–
- wokuvuma iMithetho eYilwayo ize iyityikitye;
- wokuphindisa emva kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo uMthetho oYilwayo ukuze uqwalaselwe ngokutsha ukuba uyavisisana kusini na noMgaqo-siseko;
- wokuthumela kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko uMthetho oYilwayo ukuze yenze isigqibo ngokuvisisana kwawo noMgaqo-siseko;
- wokubiza indlu yowiso-mthetho eyibizela ukuba ihlale ngexesha elingelilo eliqhelekileyo ukuze yenze imisebenzi ekhethekileyo;
- wokuba imisele iikomishoni zophando;
- nowokuthi makubekho uvavanyo-zimvo kwiphondo ngokomthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
128. Ukunyulwa kweeNkulumbuso
- Ekuhlaleni kwayo kokuqala emva kovoto, naxa kuyimfuneko ukuvala isithuba, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo mayinyule umntu olibhinqa okanye oyindoda kumalungu ayo abe yiNkulumbuso yelo phondo.
-
Ijaji echongwe yiJaji eyiNtloko mayongamele ekunyulweni kweNkulumbuso, okanye ichonge enye ijaji ukuba yenze oko. Kusebenza inkqubo ekwiCandelo A leSihlomelo 3 ekunyulweni kweNkulumbuso.
[Isiqendwana (2) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 10 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
-
Unyulo lokuvala isikhewu sokuba yiNkulumbuso malube ngexesha eligqitywe nangomhla ogqitywe yiJaji eyiNtloko, kodwa makungade kuphele iintsuku ezingama-30 sidalekile isithuba eso.
[Isiqendwana (3) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 10 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
129. Ukungena esikhundleni kweeNkulumbuso
- Umntu onyulelwe ukuba yiNkulumbuso makangene esikhundleni zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu enyuliwe, ngokuthi afunge okanye enz’isibhambathiso sokuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokweSihlomelo 2.
130. Ixesha lokuba sesikhundleni nokushenxiswa kweeNkulumbuso
- Ixesha lokuba sesikhundleni kweNkulumbuso liqala xa iNkulumbuso leyo ingena esikhundleni lize liphele kusakudaleka isithuba okanye xa umntu olandelayo onyulelwe ukuba yiNkulumbuso engena esikhundleni.
- Akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba sesikhundleni sokuba yiNkulumbuso ixesha elingaphezu kwezihlandlo ezibini, kodwa xa umntu enyulelwe ukuvala isithuba sokuba yiNkulumbuso, ithuba eliphakathi koko kunyulwa nokunyulwa okulandelayo kweNkulumbuso alithathwa njengesihlandlo.
- Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngesigqibo esithathwe ngevoti exhasayo ubuncinane yesibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo, inokuyishenxisa iNkulumbuso esikhundleni kuphela ngezizathu zokuba–
- iwaphule kakhulu uMgaqo-siseko okanye umthetho;
- yenze into embi kakhulu; okanye
- ayikwazi ukuyenza imisebenzi yesikhundla sayo.
- Nabani na oshenxisiweyo kwisikhundla sokuba yiNkulumbuso ngokwesiqendwana (3)(a) okanye (b) akavumelekanga ukuba afumane amaqithiqithi eso sikhundla, kwaye akavumelekanga ukuba akhonze nakusiphi na isikhundla saseburhulumenteni.
131. IiNkulumbuso ezingamaBambela
- Xa iNkulumbuso ingekho okanye ngandlel’ithile ingakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi yeNkulumbuso, okanye xa kukho isithuba kwisikhundla seNkulumbuso, umntu onesikhundla kulandelelwano olungezantsi uthi abambele njengeNkulumbuso:
- uMphathiswa wephondo ochongwe yiNkulumbuso;
- uMphathiswa wephondo ochongwe ngabanye aBaphathiswa bephondo;
- USihlalo wendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, de indlu yowiso-mthetho ichonge elinye ilungu kwamanye amalungu ayo.
- INkulumbuso eliBambela ineembopheleleko, namagunya nemisebenzi yeNkulumbuso.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ithabath’iimbopheleleko, namagunya nemisebenzi yokuba yiNkulumbuso, iNkulumbuso eliBambela mayifunge okanye yenz’isibhambathiso sokuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokuvumelana neSihlomelo 2.
132. ABaphathiswa bamaphondo
- ABaphathiswa bephondo yiNkulumbuso, njengeNtloko yaBaphathiswa bephondo, kunye namalungu angekho ngaphantsi kwesihlanu kodwa angekho ngaphezu kweshumi amiselwe yiNkulumbuso ithatha kumalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
- INkulumbuso yephondo imisela aBaphathiswa bephondo, ibabele amagunya abo nemisebenzi yabo, kwaye inokubagxotha.
133. Ukuphendula neembopheleleko
- ABaphathiswa bephondo banembopheleleko yokwenza imisebenzi karhulumente abayabelwe yiNkulumbuso.
- ABaphathiswa bephondo baphendula kwindlu yowiso-mthetho xa bebonke kwanomntu ngamnye ngokusebenzisa kwabo amagunya abo nangokwenza kwabo imisebenzi yabo.
- ABaphathiswa bephondo–
- mabenze ngokuvumelana noMgaqo-siseko, kananjalo ukuba kuphunyezwe umgaqo-siseko wephondo, benze nangokuvumelana naloo mgaqo-siseko; kwaye
- mabanike indlu yowiso-mthetho ingxelo epheleleyo ethe rhoqo ngemicimbi ephantsi kolawulo lwabo.
134. Ukuqhubeka kwaBaphathiswa bamaphondo emva kovoto
- Xa kuthi kubekho unyulo lwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, aBaphathiswa bamaphondo baqhubeka benalo igunya lokusebenza de umntu onyulelwe ukuba yiNkulumbuso yindlu yowiso-mthetho elandelayo angene esikhundleni.
135. Isifungo okanye isibhambathiso
- Ngaphambi kokuba aBaphathiswa bephondo baqalise ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, mabafunge okanye benz’isibhambathiso sokuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokuvumelana neSihlomelo 2.
136. Ukuziphatha kwaBaphathiswa bamaphondo
- ABaphathiswa bamaphondo mabaziphathe ngokwemigqaliselo yokuziphatha etshiwo yimithetho yepalamente yezwelonke.
- ABaphathiswa bephondo abavumelekanga ukuba–
- benze nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi ohlawulelwayo;
- benze ngendlela engavisisaniyo nesikhundla abakuso, okanye bazibeke kwimeko esenokwenza kubekho ungquzulwano phakathi kweembopheleleko zabo zaseburhulumenteni nemicimbi yabo yangasese; okanye
- basebenzise isikhundla sabo okanye ingcombolo abayiphathisiweyo, beyisebenzisela ukuzityebisa okanye ukuzuzisa omnye umntu ngendlela engafanelekanga.
137. Ukufuduswa kwemisebenzi
- INkulumbuso inokuthi ngokwenza isihlokomiso ifudusele komnye uMphathiswa wephondo–
- ukusingathwa komthetho wepalamente okuphathiswe omnye uMphathiswa wephondo; okanye
- naliphi na igunya okanye umsebenzi ophathiswe omnye uMphathiswa wephondo ngokomthetho wepalamente.
138. Ukuphathiswa imisebenzi okwexeshana
- INkulumbuso yephondo inokuphathisa uMphathiswa wephondo naliphi na igunya okanye umsebenzi womnye uMphathiswa wephondo ongekhoyo emsebenzini okanye ongakwaziyo ukusebenzisa elo gunya okanye ukwenza loo msebenzi.
139. Ukungenelela kwephondo kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni
- Xa umasipala engakwazi ukuyifeza okanye engayifezi imbopheleleko yoburhulumente engokoMgaqo-siseko okanye engokomthetho wepalamente, urhulumente wephondo waloo masipala usenokungenelela ngokuthabatha nawaphi na amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyafezekiswa loo mbopheleleko, kuquka–
- nokukhupha umyalelo oya kwiBhunga likaMasipala, ochaza ubungakanani bokusilela ukufezekisa iimbopheleleko zakhe, kwaye uchaze namanyatheloafunekayo ukuze kufezekiswe iimbopheleleko zakhe;
- nokuyithathela kuye imbopheleleko kuloo masipala ngokwendlela efunekayo ukuze–
- kuhlale kukho imilinganiselo eyimfuneko yezwelonke okanye kubekho imilinganiselo eyeyona iphantsi yokuba kwenziwe oko kufuneka kwenziwe;
- kuhlale kukho ubunye kuqoqosho;
- kuhlale kukho ukhuseleko lwezwelonke; okanye
- nokulichitha elo Bhunga likaMasipala kuze kumiselwe umlawuli de libe iBhunga likaMasipala elinyulwe ngokutsha livakaliswe njengelimiselweyo, ukuba iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zifunisa elo nyathelo.
- Ukuba urhulumente wephondo uyangenelela kumasipala ngokwesiqendwana (1) (b)-
- makadlulisele isaziso esibhaliweyo sokungenelela-
- kwilungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe imicimbi yoorhulumente basekuhlaleni;
- nakwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo akulo nakwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke, zingekapheli iintsuku ezili-14 luqalile ungenelelo;
- ungenelelo maluphele ukuba-
- ilungu leKhabhinethi elichaphazelekayo eliphathiswe imicimbi yoorhulumente basekuhlaleni lithi lingavumelani nongenelelo kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-28 luqalile ungenelelo, okanye ukuba liyaphela elo xesha lingekatsho ukuba liyavumelana nongenelelo; okanye
- Bhunga lithi lingavumelani nongenelelo kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-180 luqalile ungenelelo, okanye ukuba liyaphela elo xesha lingekatsho ukuba liyavumelana nongenelelo; kananjalo
- iBhunga malithi, ngoxa luqhubeka ungenelelo, liman’ukuluqwalasela ngokutsha rhoqo ungenelelo kwaye linokwenza naluphi na uncomelo olufanelekileyo kurhulumente wephondo.
- Ukuba iBhunga likaMasipala lichithiwe ngokwesiqendwana (1)(c)-
- urhulumente wephondo makathi ngoko nangoko adlulisele isaziso esibhaliweyo sokuchithwa kwalo-
- kwilungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe imicimbi yoorhulumente basekuhlaleni;
- nakwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo efanelekileyo nakwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke; kwaye
- ukuchithwa kuqala ukusebenza emva kweentsuku ezili-14 ukususela kumhla wokufunyanwa kwesaziso liBhunga ngaphandle kokuba kukhatyiwe lilungu leKhabhinethi okanye liBhunga ngaphambi kokuphela kwezo ntsuku zili-14.
- Ukuba umasipala akakwazi ukuyifeza okanye akayifezi imbopheleleko engokoMgaqo-siseko okanye engokomthetho wepalamente yokuvuma isabelo- mali okanye naziphi na iinzame zokungenisa imali eziyimfuneko ukuze kubekho isabelo-mali, loo rhulumente wephondo makangenelele ngokuthabatha nawaphi na amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuqinisekisa ukuba isabelo-mali okanye ezo nzame zokungenis’imali ziyavunywa, kuquka nokulichitha iBhunga likaMasipala-
- nokumisela umlawuli de iBhunga likaMasipala elinyulwe ngokutsha libe libhengezwe njengelinyuliweyo;
- nokuvuma isabelo-mali sexeshana okanye iinzame zokungenis’imali zexeshana ukuze aqhubeke esebenza umasipala.
- Ukuba umasipala, ngenxa yengxubakaxaka kwiimeko zakhe zemali, usilela ngokugqithisileyo okanye ngokuzingisileyo ekufezekiseni iimbopheleleko zakhe zokwenza iinkonzo ezisisiseko okanye zokufeza iimbopheleleko zakhe ezingokwemali, okanye ukuba uyavuma ukuba akakwazi ukuzifeza iimbopheleleko zakhe okanye ezemali, urhulumente wephondo ofanelekileyo-
- makenze icebo lohlangulo elinjongo yalo ikukwenza umasipala akwazi ukuzifeza iimbopheleleko anazo zokunika iinkonzo ezisisiseko okanye ezinye iimbopheleleko ezingokwemali, nto leyo-
- emayilungiselelwe ngokuvumelana nomthetho wepalamente wezwelonke;
- emnkqamangelayo umasipala ekusebenziseni kwakhe igunya lakhe lokuwis’imithetho nelokuba ngurhulumente, kodwa elisebenzisa kuphela ngokwemfuneko ekhoyo ukusombulula ingxukabaxaka kwimicimbi yakhe yemali; aze
- alichithe iBhunga likaMasipala, ukuba umasipala akanakuzivuma okanye akazivumi iinzame zokuwis’umthetho, kuquka nesabelo-mali okanye ezinye iinzame zokungenis’imali, eziyimfuneko ukuphumelelisa icebo lohlangulo, aze-
- amisele umlawuli de iBhunga likaMasipala elinyulwe ngokutsha libe libhengezwe njengelinyuliweyo; aze
- avume isabelo-mali sexeshana okanye iinzame zexeshana zokungenis’ imali okanye nokuba zeziphi na ezinye iinzame eziphumelelisa icebo lohlangulo lokwenza ukuba aqhubeke esebenza umasipala; okanye
- ukuba iBhunga likaMasipala alichithwanga ngokwesiqendu (b), alenze lisebenze icebo lohlangulo xa umasipala engakwazi ukulisebenzisa okanye engalisebenzisi icebo lohlangulo.
- Ukuba urhulumente wephondo uyangenelela kumasipala ngokwesiqendwana (4) okanye (5), makadlulisele isaziso esibhaliweyo sokungenelela–
- kwilungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe imicimbi yoorhulumente basekuhlaleni;
- nakwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo efanelekileyo, nakwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe luqalile ungenelelo.
- Ukuba urhulumente wephondo akanako ukuwasebenzisa ngokwaneleyo okanye akawasebenzisi ngokwaneleyo amagunya okanye akanako ukuyenza ngokwaneleyo okanye akayenzi ngokwaneleyo imisebenzi ekuthethwe ngayo kwisiqendwana
(4) okanye (5), urhulumente wezwelonke makangenelele ngokwesiqendwana (4) okanye (5) endaweni karhulumente wephondo ochaphazelekayo.
-
Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke unokukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwesi siqendu, kuquka neenkqubo ezimiselwe sesi siqendu.
[Isiqendu 139 sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 4 soMthetho Weshumi Elinanye Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2003.]
140. Izigqibo ezisuka phezulu
- Isigqibo esenziwe yiNkulumbuso masibhalwe phantsi ukuba–
- senziwe ngokomthetho wepalamente; okanye
- sineziphumo ezibandakany’umthetho.
- Isigqibo esibhaliweyo esenziwe yiNkulumbuso masityikitywe nangomnye uMphathiswa wephondo ukuba eso sigqibo sichaphazela umsebenzi owabelwe loo Mphathiswa wephondo.
- Izihlokomiso, imimiselo nokunye okuyimithethwana yephondo, malukwazi ukukufumana uluntu.
- Umthetho wepalamente wephondo usenokuxela indlela, nokuthi kangakanani, emayithi imithethwana ekhankanywe kwisiqendwana (3) –
- ithiwe thaca kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo; ize
- ivunywe yindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
141. Izindululo zokungabathembi
- Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngevoti exhaswa sisininzi samalungu ayo, iphumeza isindululo sokungabi sabathemba aBaphathiswa bephondo, kodwa
ingayiquki iNkulumbuso, iNkulumbuso mayibatshintshe aBaphathiswa.
- Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngevoti exhaswa sisininzi samalungu ayo, iphumeza isindululo sokungabi sayithemba iNkulumbuso, iNkulumbuso nabanye aBaphathiswa bephondo mabaphume ezikhundleni.
Imigaqo-siseko yamaphondo
142. Ukwamkelwa kwemigaqo-siseko yamaphondo
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inokuphumeza umgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye, kwimeko ekuyimfuneko kuyo, yenze utshintsho kuwo, ukuba ubuncinane isibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo siyawuvotela loo Mthetho uYilwayo.
143. Okuqulethwe yimigaqo-siseko yamaphondo
- Umgaqo-siseko wephondo, okanye ukwenziwa kotshintsho kumgaqo-siseko wephondo, makungangqubani noMgaqo-siseko, kodwa usenokuthetha–
- ngezakhiwo zendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo okanye ngezakhiwo zorhulumente wephondo nangeenkqubo ezahlukileyo kwezo ekuthethwe ngazokwesi Sahluko; okanye
- ngendima negunya nobume bekumkani yomthonyama, apho kufanelekileyo.
- Okutshiwo kumgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye kutshintsho olwenziwa kumgaqo- siseko wephondo ngokwesiqendu (a) okanye (b) sesiqendwana (1)–
- makuvumelane nokutshiwo kwisiqendu 1 nakwiSahluko 3; kwaye
- akuvumelekanga ukuba kuthi jize kwiphondo naliphi na igunya okanye umsebenzi owela–
- ngaphaya kwezinto ezinokwenziwa liphondo ngokweSihlomelo 4 nesesi-5; okanye
- ngaphaya kwamagunya nemisebenzi ethiwa jize kwiphondo zezinye iziqendu zoMgaqo-siseko.
144. Ukuvunywa kwemigaqo-siseko yamaphondo
- Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo iphumeze umgaqo-siseko okanye yenza utshintsho kuwo, uSihlalo wendlu yowiso-mthetho makathumele umbhalo waloo
mgaqo-siseko okanye wotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuze uvunywe yiyo.
- Akukho mbhalo womgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye wotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko othi ube ngumthetho de ibe iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ivumile ukuba–
- umbhalo lowo uphunyezwe ngokuvumelana nesiqendu 142; nokuthi
- uwonke umbhalo uyavumelana nesiqendu 143.
145. Ukutyikitywa, ukupapashwa nokugcinwa kwemigaqo-siseko yamaphondo
- INkulumbuso yephondo mayiwuvume ize iwutyikitye umbhalo womgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye wotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko othe wavunywa yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko.
- Umbhalo ovunyiweyo waza watyikitywa yiNkulumbuso mawupapashwe kuShicilelo-Mithetho LukaRhulumente lwezwelonke kwaye uqalisa usakupapashwa okanye ngomnye umhla ogqitywe ngokwaloo mgaqo-siseko okanye ngokolo tshintsho.
- Umbhalo otyikityiweyo womgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye wotshintsho kumgaqo-siseko ububungqina obupheleleyo boko ukutshoyo kwaye, wakuba upapashiwe, mawuphathiswe iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuba iwugcine.
Imithetho engqubanayo
146. Ungquzulwano phakathi kwemithetho yepalamente yezwelonke neyamaphondo
- Esi siqendu sisebenza kungquzulwano oluphakathi kwemithetho yepalamente yezwelonke nemithetho yepalamente yamaphondo ewela kummandla wentsebenzo edweliswe kwiSihlomelo 4.
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke osebenza ngokufanayo kulo lonke ilizwe kuba nguwo owongamayo phezu komthetho wephondo ukuba kuhlangatyezwana nawo omnye wale miqathango ilandelayo:
- umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ungomcimbi ongenakulawulwa ngempumelelo ngumthetho wepalamente owiswe liphondo ngalinye;
- umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ungomcimbi ofunisa, ukuze usingathwe ngempumelelo, ukuba kubekho ukufana kulo lonke ilizwe, ube ke loo mthetho wepalamente wezwelonke usenza ukuba kubekho oko kufana ngokumisela–
- imilinganiselo;
- izakhiwo-mida; okanye
- iinkqubo zezwelonke.
- umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke uyimfuneko ukuze–
- kuhlale kukho ukhuseleko lwezwelonke;
- kuhlale kukho ubunye kuqoqosho;
- kukhuselwe imarike ekudlelwana ngayo ngumntu wonke ngokumayela nokuthuthwa kwempahla, iinkonzo, ubuncwane nemisebenzi;
- kukhuthazwe imisebenzi yoqoqosho kuwo onke amaphondo;
- kukhuthazwe ukulingana kwamathuba okanye ukuzifumana ngokulinganayo iinkonzo zikarhulumente; okanye
- ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo.
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke kuba nguwo owongamayo phezu komthetho wepalamente wephondo ukuba umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke injongo yawo kukuthintela isenzo esingabhadlanga esenziwa liphondo–
- esinobungozi kuqoqosho, kwimpilo, okanye kukhuseleko lwelinye iphondo okanye kukhuseleko lwelizwe liphela; okanye
- esithintela ukwenziwa kwenkqubo yoqoqosho yezwelonke isebenze.
- Xa kukho imbambano mayela nokuba uyimfuneko kusini na umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ofunekela injongo echazwe kwisiqendwana (2)(c), ize loo mbambano ize phambi kwenkundla ukuze isonjululwe, inkundla mayicingele ukuvunywa okanye ukukhatywa kwaloo mthetho wepalamente liBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke.
- Umthetho wepalamente wephondo kuba nguwo owongamayo phezu komthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ukuba isiqendwana (2) okanye (3) asisebenzi.
- Umthetho owenziwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente okanye ngokoMthetho wephondo unokongama kuphela ukuba loo mthetho uvunyiwe liBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke.
- Ukuba iBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke alifikeleli kwisigqibo kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30 zokuhlala kwalo kokuqala emva kokuba umthetho udluliselwe kulo, loo mthetho mawuthathwe njengovunyiweyo liBhunga.
- Ukuba iBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke aliwuvumi umthetho ekuthethwe ngawo kwisiqendwana (6), malithumele izizathu zokungawuvumi kwigunya elithumele loo mthetho kwiBhunga, likwenza oko zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 lisenzile isigqibo sokungawuvumi.
147. Ezinye iintlobo zongquzulwano
- Ukuba kukho ungquzulwano phakathi komthetho wepalamente wezwelonke nokutshiwo ngumgaqo-siseko wephondo ngokumayela–
- nomcimbi lo Mgaqo-siseko ofuna ngokucacileyo ukuba kubekho umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ngawo, kuba ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke owongamayo phezu koko kutshiwo ngumgaqo-siseko wephondo;
- nokungenelela komthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ngokwesiqendu 44(2), kuba ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke owongamayo phezu kokutshiwo ngumgaqo-siseko wephondo; okanye
- nomcimbi owela kummandla wentsebenzo odweliswe kwiSihlomelo 4, kusebenza isiqendu 146 ngokungathi okuchaphazelekileyo okutshiwo ngumgaqo-siseko wephondo kungumthetho wepalamente wephondo okuthethwe ngako kweso siqendu.
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ekuthethwe ngawo kwisiqendu 44(2) kuba nguwo owongamayo phezu komthetho wepalamente wephondo mayela nemicimbi ewela kwimimandla yentsebenzo edweliswe kwiSihlomelo 5.
148. Iintlobo zongquzulwano ezingenakusonjululwa
- Ukuba imbambano engongquzulwano ayinakusonjululwa yinkundla, kuba ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke owongamayo phezu komthetho wepalamente wephondo okanye phezu komgaqo-siseko wephondo.
149. Ubume bomthetho wepalamente ongongamiyo
- Isigqibo senkundla esithi kongama umthetho wepalamente othile phezu komnye umthetho wepalamente asiwenzi ube ngophuthileyo loo mthetho wepalamente
ongomnye, kodwa uba ngongasebenziyo okwelo xesha kusekho ungquzulwano.
150. Ukuchazwa kwentsingiselo yongquzulwano
- Xa iqwalasela okubonakala ngathi lungquzulwano phakathi komthetho wepalamente wezwelonke nowephondo, okanye phakathi komthetho wepalamente wezwelonke nomgaqo-siseko wephondo, zonke iinkundla mazikhethe indlela ebhadlileyo yokuchaz’ intsingiselo yawo eluphephayo ungquzulwano, kunokukhetha indlela yokuchaz’ intsingiselo yawo edal’ungquzulwano.


c: text/html

text:
“Andikufuni tu ukuya esikolweni namhlanje,” wancwina watsho ezolula uBhuti Mvundla ukuvuka kwakhe. “Ndinqwenela ukuhlala ekhaya ndilale imini yonke.”
Ekhitshini uMakhulu Mvundla wayexakekile, epheka isidudu. “Khawulezisani, bantwana,” wakhwaza esitsho. “Isidlo sakusasa silungile.”
“Ndiyeza, Makhulu,” kwaphendula uSisi Mvundla, exhuma, evuka ebhedini. USisi Mvundla wayesoloko ekuthakazelela yena ukuya esikolweni.
“Andiziva mnandi, Makhulu,” watsho uBhuti Mvundla. “Intloko yam ibuhlungu nomlenze wam uyaqaqamba, kanti nomqala ngokunjalo, nkqu nengqiniba yam ibuhlungu.”
UMakhulu wambeka umva wesandla ebunzi, esiva ubushushu. “Akukho nto unayo,” wabuya nelitshoyo. “Vuka unxibe.”
UBhuti Mvundla wavuka. Ngokukhawuleza nanko ethatha izihlangu zakhe, ezijula ngefestile. “Andiziboni izihlangu zam zesikolo,” watsho. “Andikwazi ukuya esikolweni kuba izihlangu zam zesikolo azikho.”
Kanti, uSisi Mvundla umbhaqile xa esenza oko. “Mvundlandini ogezayo,” watsho emngxolisa. “Ndikubonile uzama ukuzifihla izihlangu zakho. Khawulezisa wethu. Uza kusenza sifike kade esikolweni.”
UBhuti Mvundla watya isidudu sakhe. Emva koko nanko esiya kuhlala kwigumbi langasese. “Isisu sam sibuhlungu Makhulu,” wancwina esitsho. “Kuvakala ngathi amathumbu la am ayanqunqeka. Andinakukwazi tu ukuhamba le ndlela inde kangaka iya esikolweni.”
UMakhulu wamphathela ibhotile yakhe enkulu yeyeza elikrakrayo. “Thatha apha,” watsho, “sela amacephe amabini kweli yeza uza kuphila ngoku.”
“Hayi, hayi, hayi, enkosi,” wakhwaza enikina uBhuti Mvundla. “Isisu sam singcono noko ngoku.”
“Hambani ngoku ke ukuba kunjalo,” watsho uMakhulu, ebanika imiphako yabo yesikolo. “Ngoku ke hambani niyofunda, ze nibuye nikrelekrele.”
UBhuti Mvundla warhuqeka emva kodadewabo. Udadewabo wayehamba etsibatsiba, ephatha kungcileza, exhentsa ngokonwaba indlela yonke eya esikolweni, ngeli lixa yena uBhuti Mvundla arhuqekayo ngasemva, ecaphuka. “Andifuni kuya sikolweni mna,” wambombozela watsho. “Ndifuna ukulala ebhedini yam qha.”
Ngokukhawuleza bafika egeyithini yesikolo. “Kulungile ke, Bhuti,” watsho uSisi Mvundla, engena ngaphakathi.
UBhuti Mvundla walaqaza. Kwakungekho mntu umjongileyo. Ngephanyazo wabaleka, wazimela etyholweni. Wahlala apho ethe cwaka, elinde ukukhala kwentsimbi, ade wonke umntu abe ungene ngaphakathi esikolweni. Akubona ukuba kuthe bhe phandle, wabaleka wagoduka. Wafika wangena ngefesitile engentla kwebhedi yegumbi lakhe lokulala, wazithi luqe ebhedini yakhe, wazisonga. Kungekudala wayelele yoyi, de warhona.
Ngentsimbi yeshumi elinanye uBhuti Mvundla wayesele edikiwe kukulala ngoku. Wayenesingathethekiyo isithukuthezi. Wakroba kumngxuma osecangweni lwegumbi lakhe lokulala. Inokuba uphi uMakhulu? Yhoooo. Nanko ehleli ekhitshini, ephunga iti noNkosikazi Mbila wasebumelwaneni. UBhuti Mvundla wazamla. Kwakukruqula ukulala ebhedini imini yonke.
Ngentsimbi yeshumi elinambini uBhuti Mvundla waphathwa lunxano. Wakroba kwakhona kucango lwegumbi lakhe lokulala. Wayephi ngoku uMakhulu? Awu madoda. Wayebhaka isonka ekhitshini. UBhuti Mvundla wasitsho isingqala. Wayefuna nje oku kwamanzi okusela kunye nomntu wokudlala naye.
Ngentsimbi yokuqala uBhuti Mvundla waya kukroba kwakhona. Ngesi sihlandlo uMakhulu Mvundla wayencokola noMfundisi Mpungutye. UMfundisi wayesitya isonka esasibhakwe nguMakhulu. Ivumba lesonka elimyoli lalimvuzisa izinkcwe uBhuti Mvundla. Wayerhalela ukutya kweso sonka sikaMakhulu simnandi kunene, nesishushu kuba siphuma eontini. UBhuti Mvundla wasitsho isingqala kwakhona.
Ngentsimbi yesithathu uSisi Mvundla wangena ekhaya, egqabadula. UBhuti Mvundla wathi phulukutshu, etsiba ngefestile waza weza ebaleka ukuya kungena kumnyango wangaphambili, elandela uSisi Mvundla. “Molo Makhulu,” watsho. “Sendibuyile esikolweni.”
“Ibilolona suku lumnandi olu,” watsho uSisi Mvundla. “Besifundiswa ukuzoba ngumzobi wokwenene. Sifundiswe ukuzobela iikhomikhi. Kwaye inqununu yethu iza kutshata kungekudala. Usiphathele iziselo nekeyiki neetshiphsi sonke esikolweni. Bekumnandi kakhulu, andithi, Bhuti?”
“Ewe, ewe,” watsho uBhuti Mvundla. Intliziyo yakhe ingasehlungu ngako. Yhooo, yhini madoda. Ngosuku olunye nje qha engayanga esikolweni, abanye abantwana baphiwa ikeyiki!
“Ufumene ikeyiki enjani, Bhuti?” wabuza uMakhulu.
“Yitshokholethi,” waxoka watsho uBhuti Mvundla. “Ikeyiki yetshokholethi enekharameli namaqunube ngaphezulu.” Akwaba bendiyile esikolweni, uBhuti Mvundla wazicingela njalo. Ngendiyifumene nam ikeyiki.
Kanye ngelo thuba kwankqonkqozwa emnyango. Kwakumi utitshala kaBhuti Mvundla, uNkosazana Mpuku. Wayephethe ipleyiti eneqhekeza elikhulu lekeyiki emnandi.
“Molo, Makhulu Mvundla,” wabulisa. “Ndive kakubi kakhulu xa ndisiva ukuba uBhuti Mvundla uyagula ngosuku olukhetheke kangaka, ndancama ndamgcinela iqhekeza lekeyiki. Unjani ngoku? Uziva ngcono?”
Yhuuu! Ngoku uBhuti Mvundla wayesenkathazweni nyhani. Wabaleka, wangena egumbini lakhe, watsiba ngefestile ukuya kuzimela emthini oseyadini.
“Nankuya,” uSisi Mvundla waxelela uMakhulu. “Uzimele phaya emthini wemengo.”
UMakhulu kunye noNkosazana Mpuku bema phantsi kwaloo mthi. “Ungumvundlana ogezayo wena,” watsho ngelizwi elingqongqo uMakhulu. “Awukhange uye esikolweni, uzimele.”
“Ndicela uxolo, Makhulu. Ndicela uxolo, Nkosazana Mpuku,” watsho uBhuti Mvundla ekhala. “Ndicela ningandiqumbeli torho.”
“Kufuneka sikufundise isifundo,” watsho uMakhulu. “Andazi ukuba siza kuba yintoni na bethu eso sifundo.”
“Ndiyazi,” watsho uNkosazana Mpuku ngokukhawuleza. “Kutheni ungandenzeli ikomityi yeti nje, ukwenzela ukuba sitye eli qhekeza le keyiki emnandi yetshokholethi. Oko kuza kumfundisa ukuba ukuzimela esikolweni asinto intle nencomekayo leyo.”
Ngoko ke, uMakhulu wabilisa iketile, waze yena noNkosazana Mpuku bakhupha amacephe amabini abaza kutya ngawo loo keyiki babelene ngayo. Umlomo kaBhuti Mvundla wawuvuza izinkcwe kwaye nesisu sixuxuzela kukurhala, dwe akayishiyelwa tu yena ikeyiki. Akwabikho nesuntsu nje elisalayo ukuze akhothe.
Ukusukela ngolo suku uBhuti Mvundla zange aphinde angayi esikolweni. Zange angayi nakanye, nokuba imvula sele idyudyuza. Ukususela ngoko, ukulala ebhedini imini yonke yaba yinto emdikayo kakhulu!
Sebenzisa ubugcisa bakho!
Yiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni kaBhuti Mvundla esithi uza kwenzela uNkosazana Mpuku ikhadi, naza kumnika lona xa eye esikolweni ngosuku olulandelayo. Ucinga ukuba inokuba uza kubhala ntoni kweli khadi? Yalela abantwana bakho benze ikhadi.

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Letter from Stanley Gqajela to Monwabisi Yako, giving instructions for leaving South Africa, late 1975 (handwritten, in Xhosa with translation)
Dibanisa naleyo uyifumene kuqala ndipose mistakenly.
Comrade Nweyi andikugxeki ngondixelela into engekhoyo ngathi sonke kweli cala sifumana eleta ezinjalo ngenxa yabantu abeza apha ngokungaqondakaliyo. So nathi sibanika lo impression yokuba asizimiselanga nrweni to keep the enemy blind, ngoba xa unga lumkanga kuyo kidnaptwa. So neleta endiyibhalayo kumele ndibanike loo impression especially xa ndibhalela umntu o unrellevant. Wena ndingakubhalelanga msinya nje kungenxa ka Kupa no Makoko. Andiyazi into ebajikisileyo ndingazi bebesithi bayaphi, nenjongo zabo zokujika andinakuxelela. So mna ndizenzela my own opinion ngabo. As a result andakubhalela ndicingelai safety yakho nabanye. Yithi bakuncokolele uhambo ngokupheleleyo, undibuzele lo mbuzo wokuba sezingaphi iidolophu needolophana abase-bezazi ngemali ye struggle evela nje uyinikwe ukuba ukhwele ii train ujike apho uthe waziva ufuna ukujika. Kukho abajika sebelapha, that is sell-out's, kodwa okwangoku sekemnye. Omnye sambhaqa ukuba yi system naye wavuma ukuba wenza umsebenzi woo Searge so okwangoku use prison. Yi cherrie.
Nweyi, izinto ndizizamile, yonke into ilungile. Qha siselapha nje besisalindele inani ligcwale, that is libambeke (50 people), kuba i aeroplane azinakukhona ukuthatha umntu abamnye okanye ababini everyday. So u January akuzubetha siselapha kanti ne Christmas kuno kwenzeka ingasibetheli apha, qha asinako ukubeka e definite date for security reasons.
Mfondini, ndakubhalela some three weeks back or two, kodwa indlela andiyibhalanga yoku hamba kuba bendisamele ireply laubantu abathembekileyo ebesibabhalele kwelo cala e Mafekeng. Indlela e safe, nantsi: kuyiwa e Mafekeng, xa kufikwa khona kuthathwa iibhasi eziya e Pitsane-Molopo. Xa ubuzwa ukuba uyokwenzani u biza nokuba yeyiphi isurname efike entloko uthi uyakuloomntu, nokuba ubeke esiphi isizathu sokuya kuloo mnru. Xa ufika khona ucingo olwahlulayo luhamba phakathi elalini, that is Iwakihiele Ie lali-kubini, elinye icala lingapho elinye lingapha. Kodwa ube very much careful xa ufika khona, ungabuzi nokuba ngubani apho ucingo lukhoyo ukuba awukaluboni. Ukuba uphethe imali unga briber (bribery) nentwana kodwa wenze sure ukuba awuvusanga isuspicion. Xa


text:
Ukuthetha
Ukuthetha kuxa ulwazi luhanjiswa ngolo hlobo luhanjiswa ngalo lusuka kulowo uluthethayo lusiya kulowo kubhekiswa kuye. Zininzi ke intlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinokusetyenziswa ukuhambisa ulwazi.
- Izinto ezibonakayo ekusetyenziswa zona xa kuthethwa (ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lwamalungu omzimba okanye ukusebenzisa izangotshe zamalungu omzimba xa kuthetha)
- Ukuthetha ngezandi (njengolwimi lomntu, kodwa ke isenokuba kukukhonkotha kwenja)
- Ukwenza intetho ngokuphatha nje qha.
- Usebenzisa ivumba
- usebenzisa ukubhala
Ukuthetha kungayintetho elungileyo ethethwayo (igama) okanye ibeyintetho engathethwayo (uncumo). Zininzi iindlela zokuthetha, kwaye kwenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha. Akubantu kuphela abathethayo, ezinye izilwanyana ezininzi ziyathetha nazo. Okunye ukuthetha kuyazenzekela nje kungakhange kucingwe, nje ngaxa umntu entshintsha indlela ame ngayo.
Enye indlela yokuthetha izama ukutshintsha indlela acinga ngayo umntu. Eyona meko yakha yanzula kulo mkhwa kukulukuhla abantu.
Kusebenza njani ukuthetha?[tshintsha | edit source]
Ukuthetha kusebenza ngokwenza ingxoxo ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi okanye ngemiyalezo. Xa sikuchaza ngokubanzi ukuthetha
- Isithethi nesithi ngumthumeli myalezo sithumela umyalezo, osuka kumbono wakhe. yile nto ke ibizwa ngokuba yiencoding
- Umthumeli walo myalezo ke uwuthumela umyalezo wakhe ngendlela ethile.
- aze athi ke lowo uthunyelelweyo nongumamkeli walo myalezo awamalezo lowo awuhle amahlongwane phezulu okanye awunambithe.
ngaphandle nje komongo womyalezo, zikho ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Ezi zinto aziyonxalenye yomyalezo zona ngokwazo, kodwa ziyiloo meko ekuthethethelwa phezu kwayo.
- Ngubani lo uthethayo, eyintoni apha ekuthethetni kwakhe.
- Imiyalezo ethethwayo ayisoloko ihamba yodwa, kodwa ikhatshwa yeminye imiyalezo. Zonke ezi zinto nazo ziyatolikwa.
Ukuze loo myalezo kutshintshiselwana ngawo ubenempumelelo, umthumeli wawo kunye nalowo kuthunyelwa kuye, umamkeli walo myalezo ngamanye amazwi, kufuneka bavumelane ngamagama amakasetyenziswe kulo myalezo. Igama elithi hedge lingathetha into eyahluke kwaphela kwezinye iimeko elisetyenziswa kuzo eli gama, ngokwezi meko zahlukeneyo. KwiBayoloji, ihedge ngumgca weeshrubs okanye wemithi yokubiya. Ngokwezezimali, igama elithi hedge kukulondoloza nokugcina kuvimba okwenzelwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko wenye wolunye ugcino. nkokwakwaIn linguistics igama elithi hedge ligama okanye ingqokolela yamagama eyenza okokuba amanye amagama angabinakubaluleka kangako. Ngaphandle kolwazi olongezelelweyo kunzima ukwazi okokuba liliphi igama elithi hedge elithethwa ngumthumeli womyalezo.
Amaphepha azalana nala[tshintsha | edit source]
- Ulwimi oluluphawu
- Ulwimi oluthethwayo


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text:
Isahluko 8: Iinkundla Nokusingathwa Kobulungisa (165-180)
165. Igunya lokuchophel’ amatyala
- Igunya lokuchophel’amatyala leRiphablikhi likwiinkundla.
- Iinkundla zizimele geqe, zilawulwa kuphela nguMgaqo-siseko nangumthetho, emaziwusebenzise ngokungenamkhethe nangokungenaloyiko, ngaphandle kokukholis’umnt’othile okanye ukumona.
- Akukho mntu okanye candelo likarhulumente uvumelekileyo ukuba aphazamise ukusebenza kweenkundla.
- Amacandelo karhulumente, ngokuwis’imithetho nangeziny’iindlela, makazincedise kwaye azikhusele iinkundla ukuqinisekisa ukuba zizimele geqe, azinamkhethe, zinesidima, ziyafikeleleka kwaye zisebenza ngempumelelo.
- Umyalelo okhutshwe yinkundla okanye isigqibo esikhutshwe yiyo sinkqamangela bonke abantu namacandelo karhulumente esisebenza kubo okanye kuwo.
-
IJaji Eyintloko iyintloko yeejaji kwaye yiyo ephethe ukumiselwa kwemigaqo nokubekwa kwayo esweni iyeyokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yokuchotshelwa kwamatyala kuzo zonke iinkundla.
[Isiqendwana (6) sifakelwe sisiqendu 1 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
166. Iinkundla
- Iinkundla–
- yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko;
- yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno;
- yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi-Afrika, kunye nayo nayiphi na inkundla ephakamileyo yezibheno esenokusekwa nguMthetho wePalamente ukuze iphulaphule izibheno ezisuka kuyo nayiphi na inkundla ekwinqanaba elilingana neleNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi-Afrika;
- ziiNkundla zeeMantyi; kunye
- nayo nayiphi na enye inkundla esekwe okanye evunyiweyo ngokoMthetho wePalamente, kuquka nayiphi na inkundla ekwinqanaba elilingana neleNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi-Afrika okanye elilingana neleeNkundla zeeMantyi.
[Isiqendu (c) no-(e) zifakelwe nguMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo- siseko ka-2012]
167. INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko
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INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji eyiNtloko yoMzantsi-Afrika, iSekela leJaji eyiNtloko kunye nezinye iijaji ezilithoba.
[Isiqendwana (1) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 11 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- Umcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko mawuphulaphulwe ziijaji ezisibhozo ubuncinane.
- INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko–
- yeyona nkundla iphakamileyo kwiRiphablikhi; kwaye
- inokwenza isigqibo.
- ngemicimbi yoMgaqo-siseko;
- nangawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi, ukuba ithe yavumela ukuba kubhenwe ngesizathu esikukuba loo mcimbi uvelisa ingongoma yomthetho ekunokuphikiswana ngayo ebaluleke kuluntu ngokubanzi emayiqwalaselwe yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko; kwaye
- yiyo eyenza isigqibo esingenakuphikiswa mayela nokuba umcimbi ungowokuchotshelwa yiyo kusini na.
[Isiqendwana (3) sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 3 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Sokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo ka-2012]
- YiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko kuphela enokuthi–
- yenze isigqibo ngeembambano eziphakathi kwamacandelo karhulumente kurhulumente wezwelonke okanye kowephondo mayela nobume obungokoMgaqo-siseko, amagunya okanye imisebenzi yaloo macandelo karhulumente;
- yenze isigqibo mayela nokuba uyavisisana kusini na noMgaqo-siseko uMthetho oYilwayo wePalamente okanye wephondo, kodwa ivumeleke ukuba yenze njalo kuphela kwiimeko ezilindeleke kwisiqendu 79 okanye 121;
- yenze isigqibo ngezicelo ekuthetwa ngazo kwisiqendu 80 okanye 122;
- yenze isigqibo mayela nokuba luyavisisana kusini na noMgaqo-siseko utshintsho olwenziwayo kuMgaqo-siseko;
- yenze isigqibo mayela nokuba iPalamente okanye uMongameli woyisakele kusini na ukuyifeza imbopheleleko engokoMgaqo-siseko; okanye
- aqinisekise ukufaneleka komgaqo-siseko wephondo ngokwesiqendu 144.
-
YiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eyenza isigqibo esingenakuphikiswa mayela nokuba uMthetho wePalamente, uMthetho wephondo okanye isenzo sikaMongameli siyavisisana kusini na noMgaqo-siseko, kwaye mayitsho ukuba iyavumelana kusini na nomyalelo ophuthisa loo nto iphuthiswayo okhutshwe yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno, yiNkundla Ephakamilyo yoMzantsi-Afrika okanye yinkundla ekwinqanaba elilingana nelezi nkundla, ngaphambi kokuba loo myalelo ube ungasebenza.
[Isiqendwana (5) sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 3 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke okanye imigaqo yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko mayimvumele umntu, xa kuya kuba bubulungisa ukwenza njalo, ngemvume yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko–
- ukuba awuzise ngqo umcimbi kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko; okanye
- abhenele ngqo kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko esuka nakuyiphi na inkundla.
- Umcimbi ongoMgaqo-siseko uquka nawuphi na umbandela ongokuchazwa kwentsingiselo, ukukhuselwa, okanye ukunyanzeliswa koMgaqo-siseko.
168. INkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno
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INkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno nguMongameli, uSekela-Mongameli kunye neejaji zesibheno ezilinani eligqitywa ngokoMthetho wePalamente.
[Isiqendwana (1) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 12 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
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Umcimbi ophambi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno mawugqitywe ziijaji ezilinani eligqitywe ngokoMthetho wePalamente.
[Isiqendwana (2) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 12 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
-
- INkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno inokwenz’isigqibo kuwo nawuphi na umcimbi osuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi-Afrika okanye osuka kwinkundla ekwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi- Afrika, ngaphandle kwemicimbi yabasebenzi okanye yokhuphiswano ngokwendlela exelwe nguMthetho wePalamente.
- INkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno ivumeleke ukuba yenze isiqgibo kuphela—
- ngezibheno;
- ngemibandela enento yokwenza nezibheno;
- nangawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi onokudluliselwa kuyo kwiimeko ezichazwe nguMthetho wePalamente.
[Isiqendwana (3) sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 4 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko]
168. IiNkundla Eziphakamileyo ZoMzantsi-Afrika
- INkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi-Afrika inokwenz’isigqibo–
- ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi ongoMgaqo-siseko ngaphandle komcimbi–
- ethe iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yavuma ukuba uze kuyo ngqo ngokwesiqendu 167(6)(a) ; okanye
- owabelwe nguMthetho wePalamente ukuba uye kwenye inkundla ekwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi-Afrika; kunye;
- nawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi ongabelwanga ukuba uye kwenye inkundla nguMthetho wePalamente.
- INkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi-Afrika inamaCandelo amiselwe nguMthetho wePalamente, Mthetho lowo omawuyalele ukuba-
- kwakhiwe amaCandelo, anekomkhulu elinye okanye amanye amabini kwiCandelo ngalinye;
- kuxelwe ukuba iCandelo linaliphi igunya okanye ikomkhulu elineCandelo.
- ICandelo ngalinye leNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi-Afrika-
- linoMongameli weeJaji;
- lisenokuba noSekela-Mongameli weeJaji okanye ooSekela-Mongameli weeJaji abaliqela; kwaye
- linezinye iijaji ezinani lazo liqingqwa ngumthetho wezwelonke wendlu yowiso-mthetho.
[Isiqendu 169 sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 6 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
170. Ezinye iinkundla
- Zonke iinkundla ngaphandle kwezo kuthethwe ngazo kwisiqendu 167, 168 nesama-169 zinokwenz’isigqibo ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi ogqitywe nguMthetho wePalamente, kodwa inkundla ekwinqanaba elingaphantsi kweleNkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi- Afrika ayivumelekanga ukuba izame ukufumana ukuba uyavisisana kusini na noMgaqo- siseko umthetho wepalamente okanye isenzo sikaMongameli okanye yenze isigqibo ngako oko.
[Isiqendu 170 sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 6 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
171. Iinkqubo zeenkundla
- Zonke iinkundla zisebenza ngokomthetho wepalamente wezwelonke, kananjalo imigaqo yazo neenkqubo mazixelwe ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
172. Amagunya eenkundla kwimicimbi engoMgaqo-siseko
- Xa isenz’isigqibo ngomcimbi ongoMgaqo-siseko enegunya lawo, inkundla–
- mayivakalise ukuba nawuphi na umthetho ongavisisaniyo noMgaqo-siseko uphuthile okanye nasiphi na isenzo esingavisisaniyo noMgaqo-siseko siphuthile, kodwa ukuphutha kukuloo ndawana engavisisaniyo noMgaqo- siseko kuphela; kananjalo
- inokukhupha nawuphi na umyalelo onobulungisa nongakhalazisiyo, kuquka–
- nomyalelo othintela ukuba kungaqaleli emva ukusebenza komyalelo ophuthisayo; kunye
- nomyalelo okuxhomayo ixesha elithile ukubhengezwa kwento iyephuthileyo, kubekho nemiqathango, ngenjongo yokunik’ithuba igunya emalilungise lilungise isiphene eso.
-
-
INkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno, iNkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi-Afrika okanye inkundla ekwinqanaba elilingana nelezi nkundla inokukhupha umyalelo mayela nokuba uyavisisana kusini na noMgaqo-siseko uMthetho wePalamente, uMthetho wephondo okanye isenzo sikaMongameli, kodwa umyalelo othi into ayivisisani noMgaqo-siseko awusebenzi de ibe iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ivumelene nawo.
[Isiqendu (a) sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 7 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesishenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
- Inkundla ekhupha umyalelo othi into ayivisisani noMgaqo-siseko isenokukhupha umyalelo wexeshana othintela ukwenziwa kwento ethile okanye inike umntu olunye uncedo oluthile lwexeshana, okanye isenokuwuphosa komnye umhla umcimbi lowo, kude kufumaneke isigqibo seNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ngokubhadla kwaloo Mthetho okanye isenzo.
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke mawuthethe ngokudluliselwa komyalelo wokungavisisani kwento noMgaqo-siseko kwiNkundla yoMgaqo- siseko.
- Nawuphi na umntu okanye icandelo likarhulumente ochaphazeleka ngokwaneleyo uvumelekile ukuba abhene, okanye enze isicelo, ngokuya ngqo kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ngenjongo yokwenza ukuba iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ivumelane nomyalelo wokungabhadli kwento ngokoMgaqo- siseko okanye ngenjongo yokuba iwutshintshe loo myalelo okhutshwe yenye inkundla ngokwesi siqendwana.
173. Igunya elingenakohluthwa
- INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno neNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi-Afrika zinegunya elingenakohluthwa lokuyikhusela nokuyilawula ngokwazo inkqubo yazo, nelokuwuphuhlisa umthetho ongabhalwanga phantsi, zicingela ukwenziwa kobulungisa.
[Isiqendu 173 sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 8 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
174. Ukumiselwa kwabachopheli-matyala
- Nawuphi na umntu olibhinqa okanye oyindoda onemfundo efanelekileyo ongumntu ofanelekileyo unokumiselwa abe ngumchopheli-matyala. Nawuphi na umntu oza kumiselwa ukuba abe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko, kananjalo makabe ngummi waseMzantsi-Afrika.
- Xa kumiselwa abachopheli-matyala makucingelwe imfuneko yokuba iintlanga zoMzantsi-Afrika nobuni babemi bawo zimelwe ngokobungakanani bazo.
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UMongameli, njengentloko karhulumente wezwelonke, emva kokubonisana neKomishoni yeeJaji neenkokeli zamaqela amelweyo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, umisela iJaji eyiNtloko neSekela leJaji eyiNtloko aze, emva kokubonisana neKomishoni yeeJaji, amisele uMongameli noSekela-Mongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno.
[Isiqendwana (3) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 13 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- Ezinye iijaji zeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko zimiselwa nguMongameli, njengentloko karhulumente wezwelonke, emva kokubonisana neJaji eyiNtloko neenkokeli zamaqela amelwe kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ngokwenkqubo elandelayo:
- iKomishoni mayiqulunqe uluhlu lwabatyunjwa olunamagama amathathu ngaphezulu kunenani labantu ekufuneka bemiselwe, ize ilunike uMongameliolu luhlu;
- uMongameli unokumisela iijaji kolo luhlu, kwaye makazise iKomishoni yeeJaji, enika izizathu, ukuba kukho abathile kubatyunjwa abangamkelekiyo naxa kusekho izithuba ezisafuna ukuvalwa;
- iKomishoni yeeJaji mayixabangele uluhlu ngabanye abatyunjwa aze uMongameli azivale izithuba eziseleyo ngokumisela ethabatha kuluhlu oluxatyangelweyo.
[Isiqendwana (4) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 13 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- Ngamaxesha onke, ubuncinane iijaji ezine zeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko makube ngabantu ababeziijaji ngexesha ababemiselwa ngalo kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko.
- UMongameli makathi zonke iijaji zezinye iinkundla azimisele ngokucetyiswa yiKomishoni yeeJaji.
- Abanye abachopheli-matyala mabamiselwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente omawuqinisekise ukuba ukumiselwa, ukunyuselwa, ukufuduselwa kwenye indawo, ukugxothwa okanye ukuthatyathelw’amanyathelo oluleko kwaba bachopheli- matyala kwenzeka ngokungazami ukukholisa umntu othile okanye ukumona.
- Ngaphambi kokuba abachopheli-matyala baqalise ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, mabafunge okanye benze isibhambathiso, ngokweSihlomelo 2, sokuba baza kuwuxhasa bawukhusele uMgaqo-siseko.
175. Ukumiselwa kweejaji ezibambeleyo
- UMongameli usenokumisela umntu olibhinqa okanye oyindoda ukuba abe akhonze njengebambela leSekela-Jaji eyiNtloko okanye njengejaji yoMgaqo-siseko ukuba kukho isithuba kwezo zikhundla, okanye ukuba umntu okweso sikhundla akekho. Ukumiselwa oko makwenziwe ngoncomelo lwelungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe ukusingathwa kobulungisa livumelana neJaji eyiNtloko, kwaye umntu omiselwa njengebambela leSekela-Jaji eyiNtloko makanyulwe kwiijaji esezimiselwe kakade ukuba zibe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ngokwesiqendu 174(4).
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Ilungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe ukusingathwa kobulungisa malimisele iijaji ezibambeleyo kwezinye iinkundla emva kokubonisana nejaji elikhwahla yenkundla eza kusebenza kuyo ijaji ebambeleyo.
[Isiqendu 175 sithatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 9 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’ Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012]
176. Amaxesha okuba sesikhundleni nemivuzo
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Ijaji yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko iba sesikhundleni ixesha elingenakuvuselelwa eliyiminyaka eli-12, okanye de ifike kubudala bama-70 eminyaka, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kokuphi okufka kuqala, ngaphandle kwaxa uMthetho wePalamente ulolula ixesha lokuba sesikhundleni lejaji yoMgaqo-siseko.
[Isiqendwana (1) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 15 soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshint- sho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- Ezinye iijaji ziba sesikhundleni zide zikhululwe ekusebenzeni ngokoMthetho wePalamente.
- Imivuzo, iimalana ezisecaleni namaqithiqithi afunyanwa ziijaji zizinto ezingenakuphungulwa.
177. Ukushenxiswa
- Ijaji inokushenxiswa esikhundleni kuphela ukuba–
- iKomishoni yeeJaji ifumanisa ukuba impilo ayiyivumeli ukuba isebenze, ayiwazi umsebenzi wayo ngale ndlela ixakileyo okanye yenze into embi kakhulu; ize
- iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho imemelele ukuba loo jaji ishenxiswe, ngesigqibo esamkelwe ngevoti exhasayo ubuncinane yesibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo.
- UMongameli makayishenxise esikhundleni ijaji kusakwamkelwa isigqibo esimemelela ukushenxiswa kwayo.
- UMongameli, ngokucetyiswa yiKomishoni yeeJaji, unokuyinqumamisa emsebenzini ijaji ekwenzeka kuyo okuxelwe kwisiqendwana (1).
178. IKomishoni yeeJaji
- Kukho iKomishoni yeeJaji–
- eyiJaji eyiNtloko, ethi yongamele kwiintlanganiso zeKomishoni;
-
noMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno;
[Isiqendu (b) sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 16(a) soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
- uMongameli weeJaji omnye ochongwe ngaBongameli beeJaji;
- ilungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe ukusingathwa kobulungisa, okanye omnye umntu ochongwe lelo lungu leKhabhinethi;
- amagqwetha ejaji amabini asebenza njengamagqwetha ejaji atyunjwe kumbutho wamagqwetha eejaji ukuze amele bonke abakulo msebenzi, emiselwe nguMongameli;
- amagwetha amabini asebenza njengamagqwetha atyunjwe kumbutho wamagqwetha ukuze amele bonke abakulo msebenzi, emiselwe nguMongameli;
- umhlohli omnye wezifundo zomthetho ochongwe ngabahlohli bezifundo zomthetho kwiiyunivesithi zaseMzantsi-Afrika;
- abantu abathandathu abachongwe yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kumalungu ayo, ekufuneka ukuba ubuncinane abathathu kubo kube ngamalungu amaqela aphikisayo amelweyo kwiNdlu;
- abathunywa abane abasisigxina kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke abachongwe kunye liBhunga ngevoti exhasayo yamaphondo amathandathu ubuncinane;
- abantu abane abachongwe nguMongameli njengentloko karhulumente wezwelonke, emva kokubonisana neenkokeli zawo onke amaqela akwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho; kuze kuthi
-
xa kuqwalaselwa imicimbi ephathelele kwiCandelo elithile leNkundla Ephakamileyo YoMzantsi-Afrika, kubekho noMongameli weeJaji welo Candelo kunye neNkulumbuso yephondo elo, okanye umntu ongomnye ochongwe ngumntu ngamnye kubo.
[Isiqendu (k) sathatyathelwe indawo sisiqendu 2(a) soMthetho Wesibini Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-1998 nasisiqendu 16(b) soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001 nasisiqendu 10 soMthetho Weshumi Elinesixhenxe Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2012.]
- Ukuba inani labantu abatyunjwe kumagqwetha eejaji okanye kumagqwetha ngokwesiqendwana (1)(e) okanye (f) lilingana nenani lezithuba emazivalwe, uMongameli makabamisele. Ukuba inani labantu abatyunjiweyo lithe kratya kunenani lezithuba emazivalwe, uMongameli, emva kokubonisana nabantu abakuloo msebenzi, makamisele inani elaneleyo kwabatyunjiweyo ukuvala izithuba, ecingela imfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukuba abamiselweyo bamela bonke abakuloo msebenzi.
- Amalungu eKomishoni achongwe liBhunga lamaPhondo leZwelonke akhonza de indawo yawo ithatyathwe ngamanye xa ewonke, okanye de kubekho isithuba kwinani lawo. Amanye amalungu awayechongelwe okanye etyunjelwe ukuba kwiKomishoni akhonza de indawo yawo ithatyathwe ngabo babewachongile okanye babewatyumbile.
- IKomishoni yeeJaji inamagunya nemisebenzi eyabelwe yona kuMgaqo-siseko nakumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
- IKomishoni yeeJaji isenokucebisa urhulumente wezwelonke ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi ophathelele kwiinkundla okanye ekusingathweni kobulungisa, kodwa xa iqwalasela nawuphi na umcimbi ngaphandle kokuba iqwalasela ukumiselwa kwejaji, mayihlale engekho amalungu achongwe ngokwesiqendwana (1)(h) no-(i).
- IKomishoni yeeJaji inokuzenzel’isigqibo ngenkqubo yayo, kodwa izigqibo zeKomishoni mazixhaswe luninzi lwamalungu ayo.
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Ukuba iJaji eyiNtloko okanye uMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno akakwazi okwexeshana ukukhonza kwiKomishoni, iSekela leJaji eyiNtloko okanye uSekela-Mongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo yeZibheno, uba libambela lakhe kwiKomishoni.
[Isiqendwana (7) songezwa sisiqendu 2(b) soMthetho Wesibini Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-1998 saza sathatyathelw’indawo sisiqendu 16(c) soMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.]
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UMongameli nabantu abamisela, abatyumba okanye abachonga amalungu eKomishoni ngokwesiqendwana (1)(c), (e), (f) no-(g), banokuthi, ngendlela ekwanye, bamisele, batyumbe okanye bachonge umntu ongomnye kwisithuba selungu ngalinye, ukuba akhonze kwiKomishoni nanini na xa ilungu lingakwazi okwexeshana ukukhonza ngenxa yokungaphili kwalo okanye ngenxa yokungabikho kwiRiphablikhi okanye ngaso naso nasiphi na esinye isizathu esaneleyo.
[Isiqendwana (8) songezwa sisiqendu 2(b) soMthetho Wesibini Wokwenz’Utshintsho KuMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.]
179. Igunya elitshutshisayo
- Kukho igunya elinye elitshutshisayo lelizwe lonke kwiRiphablikhi, elakhiwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente, ekukho kulo–
- uMlawuli weZwelonke Wotshutshiso, oyintloko yegunya elitshutshisayo, emiselwa nguMongameli, njengentloko karhulumente wezwelonke;
- naBalawuli Botshutshiso nabatshutshisi ngendlela efunwa nguMthetho wePalamente.
- Igunya elitshutshisayo linegunya lokuqalisa ukutshutshisela ulwaphulo-mthetho likwenza oko egameni likarhulumente, nelokwenza nayiphi na imisebenzi eyimfuneko enento yokwenza nokuqalisa ukutshutshisela ulwaphulo-mthetho.
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke mawuqinisekise ukuba aBalawuli Botshutshiso–
- banemfundo efanelekileyo;
- umsebenzi wabo kukutshutshisa kumatyala athile, ngokulawulwa sisiqendwana (5).
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke mawuqinisekise ukuba igunya elitshutshisayo lilisebenzisa igunya lalo lingenaloyiko, lingazami kukholisa umntu othile okanye ukumona.
- UMlawuli Wezwelonke Wotshutshiso–
- ngokuvumelana nelungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe ukusingathwa kobulungisa, nasemva kokubonisana naBalawuli Botshutshiso, makenze isigqibo ngenkqubo yokutshutshisa, emakuqhutywe ngayo ekutshutshiseni;
- makakhuphe imiyalelo yenkqubo emakuqhutywe ngayo ekutshutshiseni;
- usenokuthi angenelele ekutshutshiseni xa imiyalelo yenkqubo ingathotyelwa; kwaye
- usenokusiqwalasela ngokutsha isigqibo sokutshutshisa okanye sokungatshutshisi, emva kokubonisana naBalawuli Bezwelonke Botshutshiso abachaphazelekayo nasemva kokuba ethe, lingaphelanga ixesha eliqingqwe nguMlawuli Wezwelonke Wotshutshiso, waphulaphula abafuna ukukutsho aba bantu balandelayo:
- umntu omangalelweyo;
- ummangali;
- nawuphi na omnye uMlawuli Wezwelonke abona ukuba kufanelekile ukuba aphulaphulwe.
- Ilungu leKhabhinethi eliphathiswe ukusingathwa kobulungisa makube lilo elinezwi lokugqibela phezu kwegunya elitshutshisayo.
- Yonke eminye imicimbi engegunya elitshutshisayo mayigqitywe ngumthetho wepalamente wezwelonke.
180. Eminye imicimbi engokusingathwa kobulungisa
- Umthetho wepalamente wezwelonke ungathetha ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi ongokusingathwa kobulungisa ekungathethwanga ngawo kuMgaqo-siseko, kuquka–
- nokuqeqeshwa kwabachopheli-matyala;
- neenkqubo zokusingatha izikhalazo ezingabachopheli-matyala; kunye
- nokuthabath’inxaxheba kwabantu abangengabo abachopheli-matyala bethabath’inxaxheba kwizigqibo zeenkundla.


text:
Orphan
Ngokwesilungu, Inkedama ngumntwana ongenabazali. Oku ke kungabangwa kukuba abazali bakhe baasweleka okanye baamlahla/ abamfuni. Ngenxa yezi meko iinkedama zihlala kwikhaya lazo ekuthiwa ngumzi weenkedama, okanye i-orphanage, kulapho abantwana abangenabazali bahlala khona. Abantwana abaninzi abahlala kweli khaya lee nkedama bakhuliswa ngumntu okanye ngabantu ababini.
Unobangela[tshintsha | edit source]
Ngamanye amaxesha abazali bayagula bade bafe babe abantwana babo bona besebancinane, kuze kuthi ke xa kungekho sizalwane sabo sizimisele ukubakhulisa, zibe zingenakho kwaphela ukwenza oko, bakhuliswe kwikhaya leenkedama abantwana. Xa beliqela abantwana, umzekelo, oodade nabanakwabo beshiyeke beziinkedama, ngokwesiko lesilungu bayohlulwa; omnye umntwana asiwe kolunye usapho; ngeli lixa omnye eshiyeka kweli khaya leenkedama.
Maxa wambi basenokungabhubhi abazali, ntonje bangabinamisebenzi namali, baze ke ngoko ngokwesiko lesilungu, babalahle abantwana babo kuba bengenakukwazi ukubakhulisa. Abazali bangafikelela kwisigqibo sokokuba ukuba kungakho mntu wumbi onokubakhulisa aba bantwana, mhlawumbi bangatsho babenekamva eliqaqambileyo kwixa elizayo.
UKunceda iinkedama [tshintsha | edit source]
Kumazwe maninzi athwaxwa yindlala iinkedama zisoloko zibonwa zidwakasa zicela zicela amalizo e-mali nokutya; abaninzi basenokungayi nasesikolweni. Akukho nzame zingakanani ezenziwayo zokubanceda kula mazwe angathathi ntweni.
Kodwa kumazwe ekuhluthwayo kuwo, imibutho kwanamaziko amaninzi ayazinceda iinkedama aze aphinde ancede abazali ngonyango xa begula okanye mhlawumbi xa behluphekile, ukuze bangabalahli abantwana babo. Imibutho enje ngeecawa neenkonzo zasekuhlaleni, ziyabancedisa.
Imbali yeenkedama [tshintsha | edit source]
Abalinganiswa abaninzi kwiincwadi nakwimidlalo bhanya-bhanya, bebesoloko bedlala indima yeenkedama, imidlalo efana no-Oliver Twist, u-David Copperfield, u-Annie, u-Batman, kunye no-Harry Potter.


text:
Udonga
Udonga lolokwahlula lubhekephezulu. Yahlula amagumbi kwizakhiwo lukwakhusela izakhiwo. Ludla ngokwenziwa ngamatye okanye izitena. Zimbini ezona iinjongo zokwenza udonga: kukuxhasa uphahla lwesakhiwo, nokwahlula-hlula isakhiwo sibe ngamagumbi, kukunika ukhuseleko ekungeneni kwezinto ezingafanelekanga nakwimozulu.
Phambi kumiliselwe izixhobo zomkhosi,izixeko ezininzi eYurophu zazikhuselwe ngamadonga. Kwathi kuba sele engasafanelekanga kule mihla siphila kuyo, zathi zadilizwa ezo ndonga.
Igama elithi "udonga" lihlala lisetyenziswa xa kubhekiswa kudonga lwaseBerlin, olwathi lwakhiwa ngemfazwe i-Cold War, neyathi yaphela ngo1989, kodwa uninzi lwabantu luthetha nge-album iPink Floyd ekwasebenzisa kwa eli gama.


text:
isishwankathelo
Abaphulaphuli kunye neemfuno ezifunekayo
Inkcazo yeNkcazo
IShedyuli kunye neMali
iziQinisekiso
Umqambi we-Sophos UTM (UTMA)
Le khosi inikeza isifundo esicacileyo se-UTM, esenzelwe abaqeqeshi bezobugcisa abaya kuceba, ukufaka, ukulungisa nokuxhasa inkxaso-mali kwimimandla yokuvelisa. Qonda izixhobo ze-UTM kunye nendlela yokuziqwalasela. Umcwangcisi isisombululo kwisimo somthengi kunye neemfuno. Ukusebenzisa ubungqina beengcamango (PoC) kunye ne-UTM. Yenza ukuthunyelwa okufanelekileyo kummandla wamakhasimende amaninzi. Qwalasela iinqununu ze-UTM ngokubhekiselele kwisenzo esilungileyo. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwi-UTM.
Iinjongo:
Ekugqityweni kweli khosi, abaqeqeshi baya kuba nako uku:
- Qonda izixhobo ze-UTM kunye nendlela yokuziqwalasela.
- Umcwangcisi isisombululo kwisimo somthengi kunye neemfuno.
- Ukusebenzisa ubungqina beengcamango (PoC) kunye ne-UTM.
- Yenza ukuthunyelwa okufanelekileyo kummandla wamakhasimende amaninzi.
- Qwalasela iinqununu ze-UTM ngokubhekiselele kwisenzo esilungileyo.
- Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwi-UTM.
Okufunekayo:
- Injini ye-Sophos Certified Certified UTM
- Ulwazi olusebenzayo olunzulu loqwalaselo lwenethiwekhi kunye noxilongo
Ixesha loKhutshwa kweNkundla: Iintsuku ze-5
- I-Module 1: Intshayelelo
- I-Module 2: Uqwalaselo lwenkqubo
- I-Module 3: Ukuqinisekiswa
- I-Module 4: Ukukhuselwa kwenethiwekhi
- I-Module 5: Ukhuselo lweWebhu
- I-Module 6: Ukhuselo lwe-imeyile
- I-7 yeModyuli: Injini yokuKhusela iNdawo yokuPhumela ukuPhumela
- I-Module 8: Ukukhuselwa kweN Wireless
- I-9 yeModyuli: Ukukhuselwa kwe-Webserver
- I-Module 10: Ulawulo lwe-RED
- I-Module 11: Indawo-indawo kunye nokufikelela kwi-VPNs kude
- I-Module 12: Ulawulo oluPhakathi
- I-Module 13: Ukufumaneka okuphezulu
- I-14 yeModyuli: Ukuxhuma kunye nokudibanisa
Nceda ubhalele apha info@itstechschool.com & xhumana nathi kwi-91-9870480053 kwixabiso lekhosi kunye neendleko zokuqinisekisa, ishedyuli kunye nendawo
Ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi Qhagamshelana nathi.


text:
Kukho ngakumbi kwihlabathi nje Translations, kukho kwakhona ukuba ihlabathi nje Guqulela Bing, Kuyabonakala ke ~ 150 lezigidi baseRashiya nabo besenza izinto ezinkulu, kunye yandex, injini yokukhangela uthandwa eRashiya.
Yandex ixhasa iilwimi ezininzi kwaye uvelisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kunezinye iinjini, kwakhona Igxininisa ngeelwimi ezithethwa ngaphakathi eRashiya ezifana isibashkir, Kirghiz kunye Tatar. Zeziphi sakwazi ukongeza kuluhlu iilwimi ngoku, ukwenza inani elipheleleyo iilwimi auto-iguqulelwe inkxaso ukuba ama- 95!
Kongezwe yandex kwakhona izakufunyanwa yatshintsha ngendlela oovimba iinguqulelo auto, ngoko ke ngoku kunokwenzeka ukuseta olukhethwa injini nguqulelo ongathanda ukusebenzisa.
Kwakhona saba ezininzi (yaye sithetha abaninzi) fixed kolu khutsho, neloge tshintsho liya kukunika incasa elungileyo le:
- Yandex Umguquleli inkxaso wongezelela
- Kongezelelwa ukhetho ukukhetha abaguquleli ekhethwayo ingayalela ngokutsala ulahle
- Lungisa bug ebalulekileyo ukuguqulela ngeposi nesiguqulela kwi apapashe
- Lebug kwi UI yokukhetha ulwimi (amagama ulwimi elide)
- Lungisa translation incoko siyalayisha kunqakrazo lokuqala
- Akusayi kuphinda ukubonisa izitshixo Google ngaphandle
- Ukuqingqa iinguqulelo oluzenzekelayo licocekile utils tab
- isibashkir Support, Kyrghiz kunye Tatar kubulela yandex – ixhase 95 iilwimi!
- Kongezwa Swahili ngenkxaso Bing
- Kuncitshiswa ixesha bemlalele phakathi kwizithuba ukuguqulela bonke 2 imizuzwana
- Fix shortcodes xa ngokuyambathisa   tag
- icon Entsha Google
- Ukuqingqa WP_Widget umnxeba deprecation ngenxa Wordpress 4.3
- sisombululo Minor kumdibaniso buddypress yokukhangela
- Lungisa ezinye iimeko xa https URL akayi kuphinda ibhalwe
- Lungisa kwakhona inkxaso iilwimi ezintathu ileta (okwangoku kuphela CEB)
Konwabele olu guqulelo!


text:
Uhlobo indlela yokubhatala of credit esijikelezayo
Esijikelezayo ngetyala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isixa semali okanye inombolo ukuba usebenzise, ??kodwa kujongwe ukuba uhlawule isixa esithile semali, ukuba iye yabekelwa, indlela yentlawulo kukho iintlobo ezininzi. Xa isicelo ikhadi, ixesha lokusetyenziswa, nayo ngoku okhethiweyo emva kokusetyenziswa.
uhlobo kobhaliso pre
ribonucleic iqhelekileyo, ngendlela ibizwa ngokuba uhlobo kobhaliso pre olujikelezayo ngetyala, na uhlobo ubhaliswe imboleko olujikelezayo ngexesha lesicelo khadi. Ukumisela isixa sentlawulo yenyanga ngexesha ikhontrakthi ikhadi, lidlula nesixa ngcaciso imali liya kuqhubeka lihlawula kwiinyanga ezilandelayo. Le Nkonzo ithe yaziswa kwi kwinkampani enkulu ngetyala. Ukuba ukusebenzisa imali engaphantsi kwe-200,000 yen, le notsalo singasongwa zicaciswe ukususela 5000 yen, ungakhankanya ukuya ku 100,000 yen. Ukuba ushiya ukhetha le ndlela yentlawulo, enoba ukhankanye ixesha-1 intlawulo ngexesha shopping kuyo ziza kugqitywa ngokuzenzekela kutshintshwa kwi ajikelezayo ngetyala.
ribonucleic
nabo kamva, kumaziko kwiminyaka yakutshanje inkampani ngetyala yaqaliswa, kukho kwakhona uhlobo intlawulo a oko kubizwa ngokuba "ribonucleic kamva". Oku emva kokuba shopping yindlela ukutshintsha ngetyala olujikelezayo wacela kwinkampani yamatyala ngefowuni okanye ngeInternet. Yokusebenzisa shopping, ekubeni kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha ezabo kuphela oko ufuna ukuboleka esijikelezayo, unako encedisayo ukuyisebenzisa. Kwiinkqubo ukuba iinkampani ezinkulu ziye zaziswa, ukuze futhi ukusebenzisa igama ukusetyenziswa emva kokuba uhlobo utshintsho olujikelezayo ngetyala, kodwa yonke enye.
olujikelezayo umsebenzi credit card
Ukongeza, uninzi ikhadi lamatyala ngokubanzi olujikelezayo umsebenzi letyala ezingalindelekanga, nokuba umntu lowo kwimvumelwano ezayo kwinyanga esisixa, iye ukuba ukwazi ukukhetha ityala olujikelezayo evenkileni kuwe. indlela yentlawulo ebizwa phezu-the-counter olujikelezayo ngetyala, ngexesha ezivenkileni kwi abarhwebi kunye nokuphathwa olujikelezayo ngetyala, ungakhankanya kwimeko olujikelezayo credit nganye.
Ukuba isaziso ngexesha lokusetyenziswa khadi "kwi credit olujikelezayo", kwaye indleko olisebenzisileyo shopping xa ajikelezayo ngetyala. Kodwa kukho kwakhona ukuba inkqubo ka ezifana ecacisa inani intlawulo yenyanga imali iyafuneka, ngenxa yokuba kukho indibano kwinkampani ngecredit card ngalinye, isiqinisekiso Ungafuna ukugcina.
reference | olujikelezayo ngetyala umsebenzi ikhadi odumileyo kude uluhlu
olujikelezayo ngetyala-kuphela card
Kwakhona, ukuba ngabo inkampani yaqala ukuthengisa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho into ekuthiwa ikhadi ribonucleic abazinikeleyo. Xa ikhadi onceda abantu ngetyala esijikelezayo, loo nto ayinakusetyenziswa ngaphandle ngokuhlawula ribonucleic elikhankanyiweyo ngexesha lesivumelwano. Okanye isixa ngenyanga lump ezayo kuthengela nganye, awukwazi ukutshintsha ukuba okanye ajikelezayo ngetyala.
Ukuba ngenyanga na isigqibo imali ezakusetyenziswa kweli khadi, mhlawumbi kuza kufuneka ukuba ukudala ikhadi ukuba unako ukuhlawula ribonucleic. Uninzi credit card, nokuba isivumelwano kwi ezayo kwinyanga esisixa, unako ukutshintsha credit esijikelezayo. Nantsi indlela yokuyenza, iyafumaneka kwi umnatha ngaphandle phezu-the-counter. Ukongeza, unako kwakhona ukutshintsha ucingo ku inkxaso kubathengi. Ukongeza, okanye olujikelezayo ngetyala ukuthenga nganye, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba oku okanye ucacise kwinyanga ezayo esisixa-mali yentlawulo.
Unga kwakhona ucacise ixesha kuphela olujikelezayo ngetyala ukuba shopping eninzi ithuba lonyaka. Ngaphezu koko, uye waba ukuvumela yombane kuninzi khadi.
reference | kwimeko yomsebenzi elikhulu olujikelezayo ngetyala-kuphela ikhadi odumileyo kude Uluhlu
ebomini bakho kunye nokutshintsha izimvo zemigaqo yabantu
salary ukusebenzisa ngokungqinelana neshedyuli yenkcitho, imali kunokuba ngaphantsi xa iintlawulo zenyanga indlela kusengaphambili elikhankanyiweyo, unako ukuba uhlawule ngaphambi ishedyuli ukuhlawula eninzi ngenyanga. Esijikelezayo ikhredithi kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, kuba sisixhobo enokunceda ebomini. .
Ukuba ngenyanga na isigqibo imali ezakusetyenziswa kweli khadi, mhlawumbi kuza kufuneka ukuba ukudala ikhadi ukuba unako ukuhlawula ribonucleic. Uninzi credit card, nokuba isivumelwano kwi ezayo kwinyanga esisixa, unako ukutshintsha credit esijikelezayo. Nantsi indlela yokuyenza, iyafumaneka kwi umnatha ngaphandle phezu-the-counter. Ukongeza, unako kwakhona ukutshintsha ucingo ku inkxaso kubathengi. Ukongeza, okanye olujikelezayo ngetyala ukuthenga nganye, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba oku okanye ucacise kwinyanga ezayo esisixa-mali yentlawulo.
Unga kwakhona ucacise ixesha kuphela olujikelezayo ngetyala ukuba shopping eninzi ithuba lonyaka. Ngaphezu koko, uye waba ukuvumela yombane kuninzi khadi.
reference | kwimeko yomsebenzi elikhulu olujikelezayo ngetyala-kuphela ikhadi odumileyo kude Uluhlu
ebomini bakho kunye nokutshintsha izimvo zemigaqo yabantu
salary ukusebenzisa ngokungqinelana neshedyuli yenkcitho, imali kunokuba ngaphantsi xa iintlawulo zenyanga indlela kusengaphambili elikhankanyiweyo, unako ukuba uhlawule ngaphambi ishedyuli ukuhlawula eninzi ngenyanga. Esijikelezayo ikhredithi kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, kuba sisixhobo enokunceda ebomini. .
Ukuba ngenyanga na isigqibo imali ezakusetyenziswa kweli khadi, mhlawumbi kuza kufuneka ukuba ukudala ikhadi ukuba unako ukuhlawula ribonucleic. Uninzi credit card, nokuba isivumelwano kwi ezayo kwinyanga esisixa, unako ukutshintsha credit esijikelezayo. Nantsi indlela yokuyenza, iyafumaneka kwi umnatha ngaphandle phezu-the-counter. Ukongeza, unako kwakhona ukutshintsha ucingo ku inkxaso kubathengi. Ukongeza, okanye olujikelezayo ngetyala ukuthenga nganye, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba oku okanye ucacise kwinyanga ezayo esisixa-mali yentlawulo.
Unga kwakhona ucacise ixesha kuphela olujikelezayo ngetyala ukuba shopping eninzi ithuba lonyaka. Ngaphezu koko, uye waba ukuvumela yombane kuninzi khadi.
reference | kwimeko yomsebenzi elikhulu olujikelezayo ngetyala-kuphela ikhadi odumileyo kude Uluhlu
ebomini bakho kunye nokutshintsha izimvo zemigaqo yabantu
salary ukusebenzisa ngokungqinelana neshedyuli yenkcitho, imali kunokuba ngaphantsi xa iintlawulo zenyanga indlela kusengaphambili elikhankanyiweyo, unako ukuba uhlawule ngaphambi ishedyuli ukuhlawula eninzi ngenyanga. Esijikelezayo ikhredithi kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, kuba sisixhobo enokunceda ebomini. Ukhankanye isixa ngeentlawulo ngenyanga, unako ukuba uhlawule ngaphambi ishedyuli ukuhlawula eninzi ngenyanga. Esijikelezayo ikhredithi kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, kuba sisixhobo enokunceda ebomini. Ukhankanye isixa ngeentlawulo ngenyanga, unako ukuba uhlawule ngaphambi ishedyuli ukuhlawula eninzi ngenyanga. Esijikelezayo ikhredithi kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, kuba sisixhobo enokunceda ebomini.


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I-NCS Sheffield
I-NCS Sheffield - Element Society
Joyina i-NCS Sheffield inikwe amandla yi-Element Society namhlanje!
NOKUKHUSELA I-SPOT yakho
Ungaphuthelwa nethuba lakho lokuzibandakanya ne-NCS.
Ngenye yehlobo elimangalisayo, uza kuhlala kude nekhaya, uhlakulele izakhono zokukhulisa i-CV yakho, uze uhlangabezane nabantu abamangalisayo ongeke ulibale. Ngoko ulindele ntoni? Utshintsho luqala ngo-EYE!
ISIGABA 1: FUMANA
Okokuqala, uza kuchitha ixesha kude nekhaya ujabulele imisebenzi ekhokelwa ngaphandle.
Uza kubambisana nabalingani beqela kwi-adventure eqhutywe ngamanyathelo kwizinto zangaphandle zokuqhuba izinto ezifana nokunyuka kweedwala, ukuhamba, ukukhwela iinqanawa kunye nokuhlaselwa.
ISIGABA 2: FUNDA UKUQALA
Ngokukufutshane ekhaya, iqela lakho liya kuchitha ixesha lokufunda malunga nommandla wendawo.
Uya kudibana nabantu abasuka kumashishini asekuhlaleni kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni eya kukunceda kunye nabalingani bakho beqela le-NCS ukuphuhlisa izakhono ezintsha.
ISIGABA 3: YENZA IMARKO YAKHO
Uza kusebenza kwiqela lakho ukucwangcisa nokwenza imali kwiprojekthi yakho yezenzo zentlalo ekwazi ukwenza umlinganiselo wangempela apho uhlala khona.
Uya kwandula wenze uphawu lwakho kwingingqi yakho, ukuhambisa iprojekthi yakho yesenzo sendawo kunye neqela lakho.
NOKUBHALA ...
Ekugqibeleni, xa usugqibile iprojekthi yakho yesenzo somphakathi, lixesha lokubhiyozela kwi iqela lokugqiba.
Uya kufumana isatifiketi esisayinwe nguNdunankulu kwaye ufumane ukufikelela kwamathuba ahlukileyo okugcina ukuzinikela kwaye uhlale uxhulumene nendawo yakho kunye ne-NCS.
SINTSHA INTSHA YAKHO
I-NCS iphela kweeveki ze-4, kunye nekhefu phakathi, ngoko kuninzi ixesha lemikhosi yomculo kunye neeholide yentsapho. Amava onke e-NCS axabisa i-£ 50 nje, kuquka ukutya, imisebenzi, kunye nokuhlala, kunye noncedo lwezezimali olukhoyo. Yenza i-NCS ibe yinxalenye yehlobo lakho!
* Le nkqubo ehanjiswa yi-Element Society ayiyi kuhlawula imali engaphezu kwama-50, kunye nenkxaso yemali ekhoyo xa kufuneka.
Amava onke e-NCS ahlawula i-£ 50 nje, kunye nenkxaso yemali ekhoyo xa ifunekayo
I-Element Society ihambisa iinkqubo ze-NCS kulo nyaka. Iinkqubo ziyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubani othabatha inxaxheba kuyo, kwaye ngowona ngantoni kunyaka owenza ngayo inxaxheba, ngoko qi
IINKCUKACHA EZITHE XAXE
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe, sibizele kwi-0114 299 9210, okanye thumela i-NCS Manager wethu, uRichard, richard.r@elementsociety.co.uk
*** Inyoni yokuqala inika i-£ 35 ngekhowudi NCSSUMMER18 ***


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Cryptocurrency exchange ukuba bayeke ishishini umthengisi ngu Regulator German
German Financial okugada Authority (BaFin) iyalele Crypto.exchange GmbH, a exchange Berlin-based, ukuba ngoko nangoko esebenza njenge kumthengisi zemali.
Umyalelo wakhutshwa emva exchange zipapashwe kwi website yayo, btc-now.de, ukuba babethengisa bitcoins uMthengi nangaso euro bathengise ngazo kwi-stock exchange, uthi BaFin kwingxelo. Ingabinani ibango ixabiso lentengo iya kugqithiselwa abatyali mali ngaphakathi 30 imizuzu, yongeza.
Ngokuka BaFin, ishishini uthumo mali isetyenziswa Crypto.exchange GmbH akukho eligunyaziswe umlawuli. I-egadile zemali wathatha isigqibo emva abasebenzisi bathi abazange bafumane naluphi na imali cryptocurrency ukuba watshintshelwa beqinile, Bloomberg States.
oluncedisayo Swiss Sberbank iya athengise cryptocurrency
Isakhiwo ezizalwa Sberbank eSwitzerland lunghiselela ku ukuqalisa norhwebo cryptocurrency kubathengi, wathi Andrei Shemetov, uSekela Mongameli Sberbank kunye nentloko kurhwebo lwehlabathi utyalo – Sberbank CIB. Esi sisihlandlo sokuqala kukho inkonzo elolu hlobo uyinikwe yi ziibhanki Russian.
Shemetov wachaza:
“Le mveliso kuyingozi kakhulu, i hexa likhulu kakhulu, ngoko asiyi kubonelela ngezi nkonzo ukuba nobunzima ngokubanzi lwabathengi… ngoku silungiselela yonke izibonelelo ukuze uqale abonelela ngeenkonzo igatha lwakwa- Swiss… Sakha setup yorhwebo epheleleyo ukuze siyakwazi ukuvula indawo yethu kwaye yokunika iinkonzo zabaxumi, yiyo i, ukuthenga nokuthengisa kubathengi.”
Samsung iqalile isigaba imveliso chips .GOKO ukuba imigodi cryptocurrency
i Bell (website iindaba Korean) ingxelo yokuba Samsung iye yaqala ukuvelisa chips imigodi Bitcoin kule nyanga.
Le ngxelo ithi Samsung ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano nenkampani iintsimbi Chinese ezinxulumene nemigodi Bitcoin, kwaye yaqala imveliso sele phezu chips – ebala esemthethweni Samsung ingubani.
Liqhubeka ukuba bathi Samsung ukuba lwagqitywa uphuhliso .GOKO semiconductors for Bitcoin imigodi kunyaka ophelileyo.
Blockchain News 30 EyoMqungu 2018
umbhali: sara Bauer


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Lusakhwanqisekile uluntu lwaseCala neziphaluka ziziganeko ezenzeke ebutsheni balo nyaka mtsha kwindawo eme kanye kumazantsi eentaba zeXhalanga.
Oku kulandela isiganeko esingundaba-mlonyeni eCala sokucholwa komzimba kamakoti sele edunduluzile ngempela-veki yenyibidyala.
Lo makoti esingenakumbhengeza igama ngaphandle kwemvume yabakwantsasana uqikelelwa kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesithathu ubudala kwaye kurhanelwa ukuba uqale wadlwengulwa phambi kokuba abulawe kwaye nomzimba wakhe ubuqala ukonakala ngenxa yelanga ebelitshisa kanobom.
Umfi lo kutyholwa ngelithi waduka ekhayeni lakhe ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga kaDisemba nyakenye. Amapolisa arhanela ukuba ukrwitshiwe lo makoti, emva kodlwengulo. Lo makoti ufunyenwe engazinxibanga iimpahla zakhe zangaphantsi. Uphando luyaqhuba.
Ukanti kwaphantsi kweentaba zeXhalanga kwaseCala, ngomhla wokuqala wonyaka omtsha kude kufuphi nesikolo iCala Community kubhaqwe umama obevathe izinxibo zaseSt John’s nobengekho zingqondweni kakuhle emgqubagqubane bubumdaka.
Ethetha nephepha ndaba I’solezwe lesiXhosa ongafunanga kuthiwa paha igama nowazibonelayo oku uthe: “Sathi xa sifika ngentseni yenyibidyala kwindawo apho lo mama wayelele khona sambuza ukuba ufuna ntoni? Kwaye kwenzeke ntoni?.
Waphendula ngelithi utyhaliwe kwabe kuphelele apho, kuba uthetha into enye yoba utyhaliwe kwaye wayemdaka kukhangeleka ukuba ebelele kwapha kubusuku obugqithileyo kwaye nala mvula yomhla owandulela inyibidyala yaphelela kuye”.
UWarrant Officer Boja Tseha wamapolisa ase-Alivani ojongene neCala uthembise ngokubuyela kuthi ngeenkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngezi ziganeko kodwa akafumaneka kwimfonomfono phambi koshicilelo lwenqaku.


text:
isishwankathelo
Mfuneko
Inkcazo yeNkcazo
IShedyuli kunye neMali
iziQinisekiso
I-BLUE CATIFIED PROXYSG UMlawuli
Inkqubo yeBlue Coat eqinisekisiweyo yeProxySG Administrator (BCCPA) ijoliswe kubaqeqeshi be-IT abanqwenela ukuqonda izinto ezisisiseko zeBlue Coat ProxySG. Emva kokugqiba le khosi, uya kuba nako: Ukuchaza imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo ye-Web Gateway ye-ProxySG. Chaza indima yeProxySG njengoko ihambelana nezinye iimveliso zeBlue Coat njengenxalenye yesisombululo esipheleleyo sokukhusela. Qulunqa iProxySG kwaye uyibeke kwinkonzo ephilayo. Ukulawula imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo ye-Web Gateway ye-ProxySG. Yenza ukuxilwa kweengxaki ezisisiseko ze-ProxySG kwaye ugqibe xa kulungile ukuvula isicelo seenkonzo.
Mfuneko
- Abafundi kufuneka baqhelane nezixhobo zokunxibelelana, ezifana ne-LAN, i-intanethi, ukhuseleko kunye neeproprotocol ze-IP.
- Ulwazi olusisiseko lweendlela zokuqinisekisiweyo lukwadibanisa.
Ixesha loKhutshwa kweNkundla: Iintsuku ze-3
- Intshayelelo kwiProxySG
- ProxySG iSebe lezoKhuseleko
- Uqwalaselo lokuqala loKhuseleko lweProxySG
- ProxySG Management Console
- Ilayisenisi yeProxySG yoKhuseleko
- IiNkonzo zeeNkonzo
- Iprotocol Yokudlulisa I-Hypertext
- Isingeniso kuMphathi wezeMifanekiso
- Uluhlu lokuCoca kunye neWebPulse
- Ukulawula Ukulanda
- Ukuqinisekisa abasebenzisi kwiProxySG
- Ukuqinisekiswa kweeNgxelo
- Ukuqinisekiswa ngeProxy Proxy
- Ngaphandle kunye neZaziso
- Ukungena kwiNgxelo
- Ukulawula i-SSL Traffic
- Iingxaki zokuSisiseko
Nceda ubhalele apha info@itstechschool.com & xhumana nathi kwi-91-9870480053 kwixabiso lekhosi kunye neendleko zokuqinisekisa, ishedyuli kunye nendawo
Ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi Qhagamshelana nathi.