text:
Mang’anamuro gha Mazgu gha mu Baibolo
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W Y Z
A
Abi.
Zina la mwezi wachinkhondi pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa kufuma apo ŵakawelera ku wuzga ku Babuloni. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wa 11. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Julayi na kumalira mukatikati mwa Ogasiti. Mu Baibolo mulije zina la mwezi uwu, kweni likuwuzunura kuti ni “mwezi wachinkhondi.” (Maŵ 33:38; Ezr 7:9)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Abibu.
Zina la mwezi wakwamba pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wa 7. Lizgu lakuti Abibu likung’anamura “Mphonje Zakubiliŵira.” Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Malichi na kumalira mukatikati mwa Epulero. Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawera ku Babuloni, mwezi uwu ukamba kuchemeka Nisani. (Do 16:1)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Adara.
Zina la mwezi wa 12 pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wa 6. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Febuluwale na kumalira mukatikati mwa Malichi. (Es 3:7)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Akaya.
Ichi chikaŵa chigaŵa chakumwera cha Girisi. Msumba wake ukaŵa Korinte. Ndipo awo ŵakalamuliranga chigaŵa ichi ŵakaŵa Ŵaroma. (Mil 18:12)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B13.
Alamoti.
Ni lizgu ilo likuzunulika pakwimba sumu, ndipo likung’anamura ŵamwali. Likwenera kuti likuyowoya za mazgu gha sapulano agho ŵakwimba ŵamwali. Lizgu ili likayowoyekanga kulongora kuti sumu yimbika mwaluso chomene.—1Mi 15:20; Sa 46.
Alefa na Omega.
Pa alifabeti Yachigiriki, Alefa ntchilembo chakwamba ndipo Omega ntchilembo chaumaliro. Mu buku la Chivumbuzi, mazina agha ghakuzunulika katatu nga ntchithokozo cha Chiuta. Mazina agha ghakung’anamura “wakwamba na waumaliro, jando na umaliro.”—Chiv 1:8; 21:6; 22:13.
Ameni.
“Viŵe ntheura.” Pa Chihebere, lizgu ili (ʼa·manʹ) likung’anamura kuŵa wakugomezgeka. Ŵanthu ŵakayowoyanga kuti “Ameni” para ŵakuzomerezga chilapo panji lurombo. Mu buku la Chivumbuzi, Ameni ni zina linyake la Yesu.—Do 27:26; 1Mi 16:36; Chiv 3:14.
Aramagedoni.
Pa Chihebere (Har Meghid·dohnʹ) likung’anamura “Phiri la Megido.” Lizgu ili likuyowoya vya “nkhondo ya zuŵa likuru la Chiuta Wankhongonozose” apo “mathemba gha charu chose” ghazamuwungana kuti ghachite nkhondo na Yehova. (Chiv 16:14, 16; 19:11-21)—Wonani SUZGO YIKURU.
Aramu; Ŵaaramu.
Aŵa ni mphapu ya Aramu mwana wa Shemu. Ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vya mapiri gha Lebanoni m’paka ku Mesopotamiya. Ndipo ŵakakhalangaso kumpoto kwa mapiri gha Taurusi m’paka ku Damaseko kukafika m’paka kumwera. Chigaŵa ichi mu Chihebere chikachemekanga Aramu. Pamanyuma chikamba kuchemeka Siriya. Ndipo awo ŵakakhalangako ŵakachemekanga Ŵasiriya.—Ge 25:20; Do 26:5; Ho 12:12.
Areyopaga.
Phiri litali ilo lili ku Ateni, kumpoto chakumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Akuropolisi. Areyopaga likaŵaso zina la khoti. Ŵastoyiki na Ŵaepikuro ŵakamutolera Paulosi ku Areyopaga kuti wakalongosore chigomezgo chake.—Mil 17:19.
Ashitoreti.
Chiuta mwanakazi wa Ŵakenani, muwoli wa Baala. Chiuta uyo ŵakuti wakawovwiranga pa nkhondo na kupeleka vundira.—1Sa 7:3.
Asiya.
Ichi chikaŵa chigaŵa cha ufumu wa Ŵaroma. Chigaŵa ichi chili kumanjiliro gha dazi gha charu cha Turkey, na virwa vya Samos na Patimo. Msumba wake ukaŵa Efeso. (Mil 20:16; Chiv 1:4)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B13.
Azazeli.
Zina Lachihebere ilo likwenera kuti likung’anamura “Mbuzi iyo Yikuzgeŵelekera.” Pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska, mbuzi ya Azazeli ŵakayilongozgeranga ku mapopa. Chaka chilichose, mbuzi ya Azazeli yikayeghanga zakwananga izo ŵanthu ŵachita.—Le 16:8, 10.
Baala.
Chiuta wa Ŵakenani uyo ŵakatenge ni mweneko wa mtambo. Ŵakatenge wakupeleka vula na kupangiska vundira. “Baala” likaŵaso zina la ŵachiuta ŵachoko. Ni lizgu Lachihebere ilo likung’anamura kuti “Mweneko; Fumu.”—1Ma 18:21; Ro 11:4.
Bati.
Ntchakupimira icho chikuyana na debe la malita 22. Vyakupimira vinandi ivyo vikuzunulika mu Baibolo ŵakaviyaniskanga na bati. (1Ma 7:38; Eze 45:14)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Belezebule.
Ili ni zina linyake la Satana, karonga, panji fumu ya viŵanda. Zina ili likwenera kuti likafuma ku zina lakuti Baala-zebubu, chiuta Baala uyo ŵakasopanga Ŵafilisiti ku Ekironi.—2Ma 1:3; Mt 12:24.
Buda; Ubudi.
Kujumpha dango ilo laŵikika; kuswa dango. Lizgu ili likuyana waka na “kwananga” mu Baibolo.—Sa 51:3; Ro 5:14.
Buli.
Zina la mwezi wa 8 pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wachiŵiri. Zina la mwezi uwu lili kufuma ku mazgu agho ghakung’anamura, “vuna.” Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Okutobala na kumalira mukatikati mwa Novembala. (1Ma 6:38)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Chaka cha Wanangwa.
Chikaŵanga chaka cha 50. Ŵakamba kupenda kufuma pa nyengo iyo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakanjilira mu Charu cha Layizgano. Para chaka ichi chakwana, minda yikagoneranga ndipo ŵazga ŵakaŵafwaturanga. Minda iyo yikaŵa kuti yaguliskika, pa nyengo iyi ŵakayiwezgeranga ku ŵeneko. Chaka cha Wanangwa chikaŵanga cha viphikiro, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakaŵanga na wanangwa nga uwo Chiuta wakaŵapa pakwamba.—Le 25:10.
Chakhumi.
Chigaŵa cha 10, icho ŵanthu ŵakapelekanga nga ni muthulo ku nyumba ya Chiuta. (Mal 3:10; Do 26:12; Mt 23:23) Mu Dango la Mozesi, chaka chilichose Ŵalevi ŵakapikanga vyakhumi vyakufuma mu munda na vyakhumi vya ng’ombe na mberere kuti viŵawovwirenge. Pa vyakhumi ivyo ŵakapikanga, Ŵalevi nawo ŵakapelekanga vyakhumi ku ŵasembe ŵa mphapu ya Aroni kuti viŵawovwirenge. Pakaŵaso vyakhumi vinyake. Mazuŵa ghano, Ŵakhristu ŵakukhumbikwira kupeleka chakhumi yayi.
Chakukamiramo mpheska.
Kanandi ŵakavongovoranga makululu ghaŵiri pa libwe, linyake likaŵanga pachanyako pa linyake, ndipo pakati pakaŵa kamugelo. Para ŵakukanda mpheska mu khululu lakwamba, mujwere ukakhiliranga mu khululu lamusi. Lizgu ili likuzunulikaso pakuyowoya vya cheruzgo cha Chiuta.—Yes 5:2; Chiv 19:15.
Chakulukira.
Chikaŵa chinthu icho ŵakapangiranga salu.—Ek 39:27.
Chakuponyera malibwe.
Muguluzi wachikumba panji lamba wakulukika na vikumba vya nyama, panji weya. Pakati pake ŵakaŵikangapo chinthu chakuti ŵaponye, ndipo kanandi likaŵanga libwe. Lwande limoza la chakuponyera ŵakakakiliranga ku woko, apo linyake likaŵanga mu woko ndipo ŵakalilekezganga para ŵakuzungunya chakuponyera. Kale, mitundu yikaŵanga na ŵasilikari ŵanyake awo ŵakaŵa ŵaluso pakuponya malibwe.—Ŵer 20:16; 1Sa 17:50.
Chakuvwara chapanganga.
Wakavwaranga ni wasembe mukuru wa Ŵaisrayeli para wakunjira mu malo ghatuŵa. Chikachemekanga kuti “chakuvwara chapanganga cha cheruzgo” chifukwa chikaŵa na Urimu na Tumimu, ivyo vikaŵawovwiranga kuti ŵamanye vyeruzgo vya Yehova. (Ek 28:15-30)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Chambura nthukumusi.
Ichi ni chingwa icho ŵakapanganga kwambura kuŵikako nthukumusi panji chinthu chakutukumuska.—Do 16:3; Mrk 14:12; 1Ko 5:8.
Chamuchindindi chakupatulika.
Chigaŵa cha khumbo la Chiuta icho mwenecho wakuchisunga m’paka pa nyengo yake, ndipo wakuchivumbura ku ŵanthu ŵekha awo mwenecho wakukhumba kuŵaphalira.—Mrk 4:11; Kol 1:26.
Chiaramu.
Chiyowoyero icho chikuyanako na Chihebere. Ŵaaramu ndiwo ŵakayowoyanga chiyowoyero ichi. Kweni chikamba kuyowoyeka na ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵamalonda kweniso Ŵaasiriya na Ŵababuloni. Chikaŵaso chiyowoyero cha boma la Peresiya. (Ezr 4:7) Vigaŵa vinyake vya buku la Ezira, Yeremiya na Daniyeli vikalembeka mu Chiaramu.—Ezr 4:8–6:18; 7:12-26; Yer 10:11; Da 2:4b–7:28.
Chibenekelero chakuphepiskirapo.
Chibenekelero cha pa likasa la phangano. Panthazi pa chibenekelero ichi wasembe mukuru wakanthonyezgangapo ndopa za sembe za kwananga pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska. Lizgu Lachihebere ilo kuli kufuma mazgu agha likung’anamura “kubenekelera (kwananga)” panyake “kufyura (kwananga).” Chikaŵa chagolide, ndipo pachanya pake pakaŵikika ŵakerubi ŵaŵiri, munyake uku munyake uku. Nyengo zinyake chikuchemeka waka “chibenekelero.” (Ek 25:17-22; 1Mi 28:11; Heb 9:5)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Chibumira.
Chikaŵa mu Msumba wa Davide. Pakwenera kuti pakaŵa vinthu vinyake ivyo vikakhozganga chibumira ichi.—2Sa 5:9; 1Ma 11:27.
Chidindo.
Chinthu chakudindira (pa dongo panji pa phura) icho chikalongoranga mwenecho wa chinthu, kulongora kuti chinthu ntchakugomezgeka, panji kukhozgera phangano. Vidindo vyakale vikaŵanga vya chinthu chinonono (libwe, mino gha zovu, panji khuni) icho ŵakajobangapo malemba. Nyengo zinyake chidindo chikwimira chinthu icho chazomerezgeka kuti ntchanadi, panji chimanyikwiro chakuti chili na mwenecho, panji nga ntchinthu chinyake icho chabatikika skee.—Ek 28:11; Ne 9:38; Chiv 5:1; 9:4.
Chigiriki.
Ntchiyowoyero cha ku Girisi. Mu malemba ghakwambira pa Mateyu m’paka Chivumbuzi, mazgu agha ghakuyowoya vya ŵanthu awo Mbayuda yayi, panji awo vyakuchita vyawo vikayananga na vya Ŵagiriki.—Joy 3:6; Yoh 12:20.
Chigudulu.
Chisalu icho ŵakapangiranga masaka, panji mathumba, nga ni agho ŵakasungangamo tirigu. Kanandi ŵakachilukanga na weya wa mbuzi ndipo ŵanthu ŵakatemwanga kuvwara para ŵakutengera.—Ge 37:34; Lu 10:13.
Chihema.
Hema lakusoperamo ilo ŵakachitanga kunyamura, ilo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakasoperangamo ŵati ŵafuma ku Eguputo. Mukakhalanga likasa la phangano la Yehova, ilo likimiranga Chiuta, ndipo ŵakapelekerangamo sembe na kusoperamo. Nyengo zinyake chikuchemekaso “chihema chakukumanamo.” Ŵakachikhoma na makuni ndipo ŵakachibenekelera na salu ziwemi izo ŵakalukapo ŵakerubi. Chikaŵa na vipinda viŵiri. Chakwamba chikachemekanga Malo Ghatuŵa, ndipo chachiŵiri, Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene. (Jos 18:1; Ek 25:9)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Chihema chakukumanamo.
Hema la Mozesi na chihema chakupatulika icho ŵakajinthanga mu mapopa ndivyo ŵakavichemanga na mazgu agha.—Ek 33:7; 39:32.
Chikholi.
Chinthu icho munthu uyo wakukongora wakupeleka kwa uyo wakumukongozga nga mbukaboni wakuti wazamuwezga nadi ngongoli. Kweniso chikaŵanga chikolelero. Mu Dango la Mozesi mukaŵa fundo zakukhwaskana na vikholi, izo zikavikiliranga ŵakavu na ŵakusuzgika mu charu.—Ek 22:26; Eze 18:7.
Chikhuni chakupatulika.
Lizgu Lachihebere ilo kuli kufuma mazgu agha likuyowoya vya (1) chikhuni chakupatulika icho chikwimira Ashera, chiuta mwanakazi wa Ŵakenani wakuwuska mphapu, panji (2) chithuzithuzi cha Ashera chiuta mwanakazi. Ichi ŵakwenera kuti ŵakachiyimika nyolonyolo, ndipo kulwande linyake chikwenera kuti chikapangika na makuni. Nyengo zinyake chikaŵa chikhuni chambura kuŵaja, panji chikhuni chakumera.—Do 16:21; Ŵer 6:26; 1Ma 15:13.
Chikufi.
Chinthu chakupimira utali icho chingayanako na mtunda wakufuma pa munwe ukuru m’paka ku kamunwe kachoko para woko latandawulika. Para tingatolera pa mkono wa masentimita 44.5 (mainchezi 17.5), utali wa chikufi ungayana na masentimita 22.2 (mainchezi 8.75). (Ek 28:16; 1Sa 17:4)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Chikumba chakulembapo.
Chipapa cha mberere, mbuzi, panji ng’ombe icho ŵakachinozganga kuŵa chakulembapo. Chikaŵa chakukhora kuluska malukwa, ndipo ndicho ŵakapangira mipukutu ya Baibolo. Vikumba ivyo Paulosi wakaphalira Timote kuti wamuyeghereko pakwenera kuti pakalembeka vigaŵa vinyake vya Malemba Ghachihebere. Mipukutu yinyake yakuchemeka Dead Sea Scrolls yikaŵa ya vikumba.—2Ti 4:13.
Chilapo.
Chinthu chapadera icho munthu wakulayizga Chiuta kuti wachitenge, wapelekenge sembe panji chawanangwa, kuchita uteŵeti unyake, panji kuleka kuchita chinthu chinyake icho pachekha ntchiheni yayi.—Maŵ 6:2; Mu 5:4; Mt 5:33.
Chimanyikwiro cha kujipatulira.
Kanthu kakupapatara kakunyezimira ako ŵakajobapo mazgu ghakuti “Utuŵa ngwa Yehova.” Kanthu aka ŵakakaŵikanga panthazi pa nduŵira ya wasembe mukuru. (Ek 39:30)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Chimanyikwiro.
Chinthu, panji chakuchitika chinyake icho chikulongora kuti kuchitikenge chinthu chinyake, sono panji munthazi.—Ge 9:12, 13; 2Ma 20:9; Mt 24:3; Chiv 1:1.
Chingwa chakulongora.
Vingwa 12 ivyo ŵakawunjikanga paŵiri, apa 6, apa 6. Vingwa ivi vikaŵa pa thebulu la mu chipinda cha Malo Ghatuŵa mu chihema kweniso mu tempile. Chingwa ichi ŵakapelekanga kwa Chiuta ndipo pa zuŵa lililose la Sabata ŵakawuskangapo na kuŵikapo chinyake. Ŵasembe pera ndiwo ŵakaryanga chingwa icho ŵafumiskapo. (2Mi 2:4; Mt 12:4; Ek 25:30; Le 24:5-9; Heb 9:2)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Chiphikiro cha Kupatulira Tempile.
Zuŵa limoza pa chaka, Ŵaisrayeli ŵakaŵanga na zuŵa lakutozgera tempile. Ivi vikachitikanga kwambira apo Antiochus Epiphanes wakafipiskira tempile. Chiphikiro ichi chikambanga mu mwezi wa Kisilevi pa zuŵa la 25 ndipo chikaŵanga cha mazuŵa 8.—Yoh 10:22.
Chiphikiro cha Vingwa Vyambura Nthukumusi.
Chikaŵa chiphikiro chakwamba pa viphikiro vitatu ivyo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakaŵanga navyo pa chaka. Chikambanga pa Nisani 15, pamasinda pa zuŵa la Paska, ndipo chikaŵanga cha mazuŵa 7. Ŵakaryanga chingwa chambura nthukumusi pera kuti ŵakumbukire nyengo iyo ŵakafumira mu Eguputo.—Ek 23:15; Mrk 14:1.
Chiphikiro cha Visakasa.
Chikuchemekaso kuti Chiphikiro cha Mahema, panji Chiphikiro cha Kulonga. Chikaŵangako mu mwezi wa Etanimu kwambira pa zuŵa la 15 m’paka 21. Iyi yikaŵanga nyengo yakuti Ŵaisrayeli ŵamara kuvuna, nyengo iyo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakakondwanga na kuwonga Yehova chifukwa cha vyakurya ivyo ŵasanga. Pa nyengo ya chiphikiro ichi ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mu visakasa kuti ŵakumbukirenge ulendo wawo wakufuma ku Eguputo. Yikaŵaso nyengo iyo ŵanalume mu Israyeli ŵakalutanga ku viphikiro ivyo vikachitikiranga ku Yerusalemu.—Le 23:34; Ezr 3:4.
Chiphikiro cha Vuna; Chiphikiro cha Masabata.
—Wonani PENTEKOSTE.
Chipilara chakupatulika.
Chinthu chakwimilira, icho kanandi chikaŵanga cha malibwe, ndipo chikwenera kuti chikaŵa chithuzithuzi cha nkhule yakuwuka ya Baala panji ya ŵachiuta ŵanyake ŵatesi.—Ek 23:24.
Chitemwa; Lusungu.
Mu mavesi ghanyake mazgu agha ghakuyowoya vya chitemwa chakugomezgeka. Mazgu agha pa Chihebere (cheʹsedh) ghakung’anamura chitemwa chakufumira pasi pa mtima. Kanandi ghakuyowoya za umo Chiuta wakutemwera ŵanthu, kweniso za chitemwa icho ŵanthu ŵakulongorana.—Ek 34:6; Ru 3:10.
Chitengero.
Sumu izo ŵakimbanga para ŵali na chitima chifukwa cha nyifwa ya mubwezi panji wachibale.—2Sa 1:17; Sa 7:Mutu.
Chitengo chakweruzgirapo.
Kanandi chikaŵanga pa malo ghapachanya, ŵanthu ŵakachitanga kukwera masitepusi kuti ŵafikepo. Apa ndipo pakakhalanga ŵeruzgi nakuti ndipo ŵakayowoyeranga cheruzgo chawo. Mazgu ghakuti “chitengo chakweruzgirapo cha Chiuta” na “chitengo chakweruzgirapo cha Khristu” ghakuyowoya vya ndondomeko iyo Yehova wanozga yakuzakeruzgira ŵanthu.—Ro 14:10; 2Ko 5:10; Yoh 19:13.
Chiuta waunenesko.
Mazgu agha ghali kufuma ku lizgu Lachihebere ilo likung’anamura “Chiuta.” Mu malo ghanandi, mazgu agha ghakupambaniska pakati pa Yehova uyo ni Chiuta waunenesko na ŵachiuta ŵatesi. Mazgu ghakuti “Chiuta waunenesko” ndigho ni ng’anamuro lenecho la lizgu Lachihebere mu nkhani izi.—Ge 5:22, 24; 46:3; Do 4:39.
Chiwombolero.
Chinthu icho munthu wakupeleka kuti wawombokwe ku wuzga, chilango, suzgo, kwananga, panji ku chinthu chinyake icho chamufyenya. Chinthu ichi chikaŵanga ndalama pera yayi. (Yes 43:3) Chiwombolero chikakhumbikwanga pa vinthu vinandi. Mwachiyelezgero, mu Israyeli, ŵasepuka wose ŵakwamba kubabika panji chinyama chanalume chakwamba kubabika vikaŵanga vya Yehova. Kuti vifwatuke ku mulimo wa kuteŵetera Yehova pera, pakakhumbikwiranga kupeleka chiwombolero panji mtengo wakuwombolera. (Maŵ 3:45, 46; 18:15, 16) Usange ng’ombe yikali yakoma munthu, mwenecho wa ng’ombe wakeneranga kupeleka chiwombolero mwakuti waleke kukomeka. (Ek 21:29, 30) Kweni chikaŵa chakukanizgika kupoka chiwombolero kwa munthu uyo wakomera dala munyake. (Maŵ 35:31) Chakuzirwa chomene ntchakuti Baibolo likuyowoya vya chiwombolero icho Khristu wakapeleka apo wakapeleka umoyo wake mwakuti ŵanthu ŵakupulikira ŵawombokwe ku kwananga na nyifwa.—Sa 49:7, 8; Mt 20:28; Efe 1:7.
Chiwuka.
Kuwuka ku ŵakufwa. Lizgu Lachigiriki ilo lili kung’anamulika kuti chiwuka, chomene likung’anamura “kuwuska; kwimilira.” Mu Baibolo muli nkhani za ŵanthu 9 awo ŵakawuskika, kweniso ya Yesu uyo Yehova Chiuta wakamuwuska. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakawuskika na Eliya, Elisha, Yesu, Petrosi, na Paulosi, nkhongono zakuchitira ivi zikafuma kwa Chiuta. Kuti khumbo la Chiuta lizakafiskike pa charu chapasi, ntchakukhumbikwa kuti “ŵarunji na ŵambura urunji” awo ŵali kufwa ŵazakawuke. (Mil 24:15) Baibolo likuyowoyaso vya chiwuka cha kuchanya, chakuchemeka “chiwuka chakwambilira” panji “chiwuka chakwamba.” Awo ŵakuwuka pa chiwuka ichi mbabali ŵa Yesu ŵakuphakazgika na mzimu.—Fil 3:11; Chiv 20:5, 6; Yoh 5:28, 29; 11:25.
Chizongwe.
Lizgu ili pa Chigiriki (aʹbys·sos) likung’anamura chikhululu chitali chomene. Mu mabuku gha Mateyu m’paka Chivumbuzi, likuyowoya za malo agho munthu wangachita kanthu kalikose yayi. Likung’anamuraso dindi na vinyake vyantheura.—Lu 8:31; Ro 10:7; Chiv 20:3.
Chuku.
Chikukora vyakumera panji vyakurya. Chuku icho chikuyowoyeka mu Baibolo chikwenera kuti chikaŵa chifipa.—1Ma 8:37.
Dagoni.
Wakaŵa chiuta wa Ŵafilisiti. Uko kukafumira zina ili kukumanyikwa yayi, kweni nkhwantha zinyake zamasambiro zikuti likafuma ku lizgu Lachihebere (dagh) ilo likung’anamura “somba.”—Ŵer 16:23; 1Sa 5:4.
Dambo.
Malo ghakukhira agho kanandi ghakuŵa ghakomira kweni mu nyengo ya vula mukuŵa maji. Lizgu ili likuyowoyaso vya mlonga. Maji gha mu tumilonga tunyake ghakafumanga pasi, ntheura tukaŵanga na maji nyengo zose. Mu mavesi ghanyake dambo likuzunulika kuti mlonga.—Ge 26:19; Maŵ 34:5; Do 8:7; 1Ma 18:5; Yob 6:15.
Dango.
Nyengo zinyake mazgu agha ghakuyowoya vya Dango la Mozesi panji mabuku ghankhondi ghakwambilira gha mu Baibolo. Nyengo zinyakeso ghakuyowoya vya malango ghanyake gha Mozesi.—Maŵ 15:16; Do 4:8; Mt 7:12; Ga 3:24.
Dango la Mozesi.
Ni Dango ilo Yehova wakapeleka ku Israyeli kwizira mwa Mozesi apo ŵakaŵa mu mapopa gha Sinayi mu 1513 B.C.E. Mabuku ghakwambilira ghankhondi gha mu Baibolo kanandi ghakuyowoyeka kuti ni Dango la Mozesi.—Jos 23:6; Lu 24:44.
Dariki.
Ndalama yagolide ya Ŵaperesiya iyo uzito wake ukaŵa magiramu 8.4. (1Mi 29:7)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Dekapoli.
Zina ili likung’anamura misumba 10 ya Girisi (lili kufuma ku mazgu Ghachigiriki (deʹka) agho ghakung’anamura 10, na (poʹlis) msumba). Likaŵaso zina la chigaŵa cha mumphepete mwa Nyanja ya Galileya na Mlonga wa Yorodani. Ku chigaŵa ichi ndiko kukaŵa yinyake ya misumba iyi. Ndiko kukaŵa likuru la vyakuchitika vya Ŵahelene. Yesu wakendako ku chigaŵa ichi, kweni palije apo pakulongora kuti wakafika ku misumba iyi. (Mt 4:25; Mrk 5:20)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo A7 na B10.
Dinari.
Ndalama yasiliva iyo yikakwananga magiramu 3.85, ndipo pakaŵa chithuzi cha Kesare. Pa zuŵa, munthu uyo wagwira ganyu ŵakamupanga dinari limoza. Ŵaroma ŵakaphalira Ŵayuda kuti ŵapelekenge dinari limoza kuŵa msonkho. (Mt 22:17; Lu 20:24)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Dindi.
Pa Chihebere ni Sheole ndipo pa Chigiriki ni Hadesi. Baibolo likulongora kuti munthu uyo wafwa na kusungika mu dindi wakumanya kalikose yayi ndipo wangachita chilichose yayi. (Ge 47:30; Mu 9:10; Mil 2: 31) Malo agho ŵasungapo munthu wakufwa pa Chigiriki ghaliso na lizgu linyake (mne·meiʹon) ilo likung’anamura chikumbusko, kulongora kuti munthu uyo wafwa wandaluwike.—Yoh 5:28, 29.
Dirakima.
Mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, dirakima yikaŵa ndalama yasiliva ya Ŵagiriki, yikakwananga magiramu 3.4. Malemba Ghachihebere ghakuyowoya vya dirakima lagolide ilo likaŵa la ku Peresiya ndipo likayananga na dariki. (Ne 7:70; Mt 17:24)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Dyabulosi.
Ili ni zina linyake la Satana ndipo likusangika mu Malemba Ghachigiriki. Zina ili likung’anamura “Wakusesa.” Satana wali kupika zina lakuti Dyabulosi chifukwa ndiyo wali panthazi kusesa na kususka Yehova, kususka mazgu ghake ghawemi, na zina lake lituŵa.—Mt 4:1; Yoh 8:44; Chiv 12:9.
Edomu.
Zina linyake la Esau mwana wa Yisake. Ŵana ŵa Esau ŵakakhalanga ku chigaŵa cha mapiri gha Seyiri, pakati pa Nyanja Yakufwa na Nyanja Yiswesi (Akaba). Chigaŵa ichi chikamba kumanyikwa kuti Edomu. (Ge 25:30; 36:8)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B3 na B4.
Efa.
Chakupimira tirigu panji balere. Efa wakuyana na malita 22. (Ek 16:36; Eze 45:10)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Efodi.
Chakuvwara chakukozganako na epuroni cha ŵasembe. Wasembe mukuru wakavwaranga efodi wapadera. Panthazi pa efodi wa wasembe mukuru ŵakayikangapo chakuvwara pa nganga icho chikaŵa na malibwe ghakuzirwa 12. (Ek 28:4, 6)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Efurayimu.
Zina la mwana wachiŵiri wa Yosefe. Likaŵaso zina limoza la mafuko 12 gha Israyeli. Ŵaisrayeli ŵakati ŵagaŵikana, ufumu wa mafuko 10 wa Israyeli ukamba kumanyikwa na zina lakuti Efurayimu.—Ge 41:52; Yer 7: 15.
Eluli.
Ili likaŵa zina la mwezi wa 6 pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa ŵati ŵawera ku Babuloni. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wa 12. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Ogasiti na kumalira mukatikati mwa Seputembala. (Ne 6:15)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Etanimu.
Zina la mwezi wa 7 pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wakwamba. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Seputembala na kumalira mukatikati mwa Okutobala. Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawera ku Babuloni, mwezi uwu ukamba kuchemeka Tishiri. (1Ma 8:2)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Etiyopiya.
Charu icho chili kumwera kwa Eguputo. Kale, charu ichi chikambiranga ku chigaŵa chakumwera cha Eguputo chikafikanga m’paka kumpoto kwa Sudani. Mu Chihebere charu ichi chikachemekanga kuti Kushi.—Est 1:1.
Farawo.
Zina laudindo la mathemba gha Eguputo. Mu Baibolo mukuzunulika ŵina Farawo ŵankhondi (Shishaki, So, Tirihaka, Neko, na Hofira), kweni ŵanyake ŵandazunulike, nga ni awo ŵakaŵako mu nyengo ya Abrahamu, Mozesi, na Yosefe.—Ek 15:4; Ro 9:17.
Fatomu.
Chakupimira icho ŵakapimiranga kunyang’amira kwa maji. Fatomu wakuyanako na mamita 1.8 (mafiti 6). (Mil 27:28)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Filisitiya; Ŵafilisiti.
Charu icho chikaŵa kumwera mumphepete mwa Israyeli icho chikamba kuchemeka kuti Filisitiya. Ŵanthu awo ŵakafuma ku Kirete na kuzakakhala mu charu ichi ndiwo ŵakachemekanga Ŵafilisiti. Davide wakaŵathereska, kweni ŵakalutilira kuchita vinthu paŵekha ndipo nyengo zose ŵakaŵanga ŵalwani ŵa Israyeli. (Ek 13:17; 1Sa 17:4; Am 9:7)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B4.
Fumukazi ya Kuchanya.
Chithokozo cha chiuta mwanakazi uyo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakugaluka ŵakasopanga mu nyengo ya Yeremiya. Ŵanyake ŵakughanaghana kuti wakaŵa Ishitara (Astarte), chiuta mwanakazi wa Ŵababuloni. Chiuta munyake mwanakazi wa Ŵasumeri uyo wakaŵako kumasinda, wakaŵa na zina lakuti Inana, kung’anamura “Fumukazi ya Kuchanya.” Wakaŵa chiuta wakuwuska mphapu, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ngwakuchanya. Astarte wakuchemekaso kuti “Swenga ya Kuchanya” pa vyakulembeka vinyake vya Ŵaeguputo.—Yer 44:19.
Gehena.
Ni zina Lachigiriki la Dambo la Hinomu ilo likaŵa kumwera chadera kuzambwe kwa Yerusalemu wakale. (Yer 7:31) Ntchimi ya Chiuta yikayowoyerathu kuti malo agha ghazamuŵa ghakutayako vitanda. (Yer 7:32; 19:6) Palije ukaboni uliwose wakulongora kuti ku Gehena ŵakatayangako vinyama vyamoyo panji ŵanthu ŵamoyo kuti ŵakawotcheke panji kuyuzgika. Malo agha ŵanthu ŵakuyuzgikirako na moto wamuyirayira yayi. Apo Yesu na ŵasambiri ŵake ŵakayowoyanga vya Gehena ŵakang’anamuranga “nyifwa yachiŵiri” iyo yikwimira kuparanyika kwamuyirayira.—Chiv 20:14; Mt 5:22; 10:28.
Gera.
Ndalama iyo uzito wake ukuyana na magiramu 0.57. Shekele limoza likayananga na magera 20. (Le 27:25)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Gileta.
Kale mahachi ndigho ghakaguzanga gileta. Kanandi ŵasilikari ŵakakwerangamo pakurwa nkhondo.—Ek 14:23; Ŵer 4:13; Mil 8:28.
Giliyadi.
Chigaŵa chiwemi chavundira icho chikaŵa kudera la kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Mlonga wa Yorodani ndipo chikafikanga kumpoto kwa Dambo la Yaboku. Nyengo zinyake para Baibolo likuyowoya vya Giliyadi, likuyowoya za chigaŵa chose cha Ŵaisrayeli icho chikaŵa kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Yorodani uko kukakhalanga fuko la Rubeni, Gadi, na hafu ya fuko la Manase. (Maŵ 32:1; Jos 12:2; 2Ma 10:33)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B4.
Gititi.
Zina la pa sumu ilo ng’anamuro lake likumanyikwa yayi. Kweni zina ili lili kufuma ku lizgu Lachihebere lakuti “gati.” Ŵanyake ŵakughanaghana kuti likukolerana na sumu izo ŵakimbanga pakupanga vinyo chifukwa lizgu lakuti gati likuyowoya za chakukamiramo mpheska.—Sa 81:Mutu.
Goliwoli.
Chikhuni icho ŵakaŵikanga pa viŵegha vya munthu na kuŵikapo katundu uku na uku. Joko panji chikhuni icho ŵakuŵika pa singo ya viŵeto viŵiri (kanandi zikuŵa ng’ombe) vyakuguza chakulimira panji gileta. Chifukwa chakuti ŵazga ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito magoliwoli pakunyamura vinthu vizito, lizgu ili likamba kugwira ntchito pakuyowoya vya wuzga, kujilambika ku munthu munyake, kweniso kuyuzgika na kusuzgika. Para goliwoli la munthu lafumiskikapo panji kuphyoleka ndikuti munthu uyo wafwatuka ku wuzga, kuyuzgika, na kulyereka masuku pa mutu.—Le 26:13; Mt 11:29, 30.
Gulu lakugaluka.
Ŵanthu awo ŵakudemelera ku chisambizgo panji kwa mulongozgi, ndipo ŵakulondezga vigomezgo vyawo na vyawo. Lizgu ili kanandi likuyowoya vya magulu ghaŵiri agho ghakaŵa mu chisopa cha Chiyuda, Ŵafarisi na Ŵasaduki. Ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa Ŵakhristu yayi ŵakatenge Chikhristu ni gulu lakugaluka panji kuti ni gulu lakugaluka la Ŵanazarete, chifukwa ŵakawonanga nga lagaluka ku Chiyuda. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, mu mpingo wa Ŵakhristu mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵakugaluka. Mu buku la Chivumbuzi mukuzunulika chigaluka cha Nikolayiti.—Mil 5:17; 15:5; 24:5; 28:22; Chiv 2:6; 2Pe 2:1.
Hadesi.
Lizgu Lachigiriki ilo likuyana na Lachihebere lakuti “Sheole.” Lizgu ili likung’anamura “Dindi.”—Wonani DINDI.
Heremesi.
Chiuta wa Ŵagiriki. Ŵakatenge ni mwana wa chiuta Zeusi. Mu Lisitira, Paulosi ŵakamuthya zina lakuti Heremesi. Ŵakamuthya zina ili chifukwa ŵakatenge Paulosi ni thenga la ŵachiuta kweniso ni chiuta uyo wakumanya kuyowoya makora.—Mil 14:12.
Herode.
Zina la themba la Ŵayuda, ilo likasolekanga na Ŵaroma. Wakwamba kuchemeka na zina ili wakaŵa Herode Mukuru. Themba ili likaŵa lakumanyikwa chomene chifukwa ndilo likazengaso tempile la mu Yerusalemu. Likakhumbangaso kukoma Yesu apo likakoma ŵana wose ŵakwamba kubabika mu Yerusalemu. (Mt 2:16; Lu 1:5) Herode Arikelawu na Herode Antipasi, ŵana ŵa Herode Mukuru, ŵakapika mazaza kuti ŵalamulirenge vigaŵa ivyo wiskewo wakalamuliranga. (Mt 2:22) Antipasi wakaŵa mulaŵiliri wa chigaŵa, ndipo wakumanyikwa kuti ndiyo wakaŵa themba ilo likalamuliranga mu vyaka vitatu na hafu ivyo Yesu wakachitira uteŵeti wake pano pasi. Antipasi wakuyowoyekaso mu vyakuchitika ivyo vili mu buku la Milimo chaputara 12. (Mrk 6:14-17; Lu 3:1, 19, 20; 13:31, 32; 23:6-15; Mil 4:27; 13:1) Pamasinda, Herode Agripa I, muzukuru wa Herode Mukuru, wakakomeka na mungelo wa Chiuta wakati walamulira nyengo yichoko waka. (Mil 12:1-6, 18-23) Mwana wake, Herode Agripa II, ndiyo wakanjira mu malo ghake ndipo wakalamulira m’paka mu nyengo iyo Ŵayuda ŵakagalukira boma la Ŵaroma.—Mil 23:35; 25:13, 22-27; 26:1, 2, 19-32.
Higayoni.
Lizgu ilo likayowoyekanga pakulongozga sumu. Pa Salimo 9:16, lizgu ili lingaŵa kuti likung’anamura kughanaghanirapo chomene.
Hini.
Chikaŵa chinthu chakupimira vinthu vya maji. Hini wakuyana na malita 3.67. (Ek 29:40)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Hisopu.
Chakumera icho ŵakamijiranga ndopa panji maji pa viphikiro vyakujitoweska.—Ek 12:22; Sa 51:7.
Homeri.
Chakupimira icho chikayananga na koro. Chikuyana na malita 220. (Le 27:16)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Horebu; Phiri la Horebu.
Chigaŵa cha mapiri icho chikazingilizga phiri la Sinayi, kweniso ni zina linyake la phiri la Sinayi. (Ek 3:1; Do 5:2)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B3.
Hule.
Munthu uyo wakugonana na mwanalume panji mwanakazi uyo ni mfumu panji muwoli wake yayi, chomenechomene kuti wasangirepo ndalama. (Lizgu Lachigiriki porʹne, ilo lalembeka kuti “hule,” likufuma ku mazgu agho ghakung’anamura “kuguliska.”) Lizgu ili kanandi likuyowoya vya ŵanakazi, nangauli mu Baibolo mukuzunulikaso mahule ghanalume. Dango la Mozesi likakanizganga uhule, ndipo malipiro gha hule ghakazomerezgekanga yayi kuŵa chakupeleka ku malo ghakupatulika gha Yehova. Kweni ku ŵanthu ŵakusopa ŵangoza, mahule gha pa tempile ndigho ŵakasangirangapo ndalama. (Do 23:17, 18; 1Ma 14:24) Baibolo likuzunuraso lizgu ili pakung’anamura vinthu vinyake. Lingazunulika pakuyowoya vya ŵanthu, mitundu, panji mawupu agho ghakuchitako vinthu vyakukolerana na kusopa vikozgo kweni ghakuti ghakusopa Chiuta. Mwachiyelezgero, wupu wa chisopa wakuchemeka “Babuloni Mukuru” ukulongosoreka mu Chivumbuzi kuti ni hule chifukwa ukukolerana na ŵalongozgi ŵa charu ichi kuti usange nkhongono na usambazi.—Chiv 17:1-5; 18:3; 1Mi 5:25.
Ilirikamu.
Chigaŵa cha Ŵaroma icho chili kumpoto chadera kumwera kwa Girisi. Paulosi wakendanga malo agha apo wakachitanga uteŵeti wake. Kweni palije ukaboni wakuti Paulosi wakapharazga ku Ilirikamu. (Ro 15:19)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B13.
Israyeli.
Zina ilo Chiuta wakapa Yakhobe. Ŵana na ŵazukuru wose ŵa Yakhobe ŵakachemekanga Israyeli. Ŵana 12 ŵa Yakhobe na ŵazukuru wose ŵakachemekangaso kuti ŵana ŵa Israyeli, nyumba ya Israyeli, ŵanthu (ŵanalume) ŵa Israyeli, panji Ŵaisrayeli. Mafuko 10 gha ufumu wa kumpoto agho ghakapatuka ku ufumu wa kumwera nagho ghakachemekanga kuti Israyeli. Ndipo pamanyuma Ŵakhristu ŵakuphakazgika, awo ni “Israyeli wa Chiuta” nawo ŵakamba kuchemeka na zina ili.—Ga 6:16; Ge 32:28; 2Sa 7:23; Ro 9:6.
Jotchero.
Malo agho ŵakawotcherangapo sembe. Ŵakazenganga na malibwe, mathabwa na visulo. Mu chipinda chakwamba cha chihema na tempile mukaŵa jotchero lichoko lagolide ilo ŵakawotcherangapo vyakununkhira. Jotchero ili ŵakalipanga na mathabwa ndipo ŵakalimata golide. Jotchero lamkuŵa likaŵa likuru, ndilo ŵakapelekerangapo sembe zakotcha. Jotchero ili likaŵa mu luŵaza lwakuwaro. (Ek 27:1; 39:38, 39; Ge 8:20; 1Ma 6:20; 2Mi 4:1; Lu 1:11)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5 na B8.
Kabu.
Chikaŵa chakupimira icho chikuyana na malita 1.22. (2Ma 6:25)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Kalidi; Ŵakalidi.
Ni charu kweniso ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mumphepete mwa mlonga wa Tigirisi na Yufurate. Zina lakuti Kalidi likimiranga Babuloni yose na ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha. Ŵanthu awo ŵakasambira chomene vya sayansi, mdauko, chiyowoyero, vya nyenyezi, na awo ŵakachitanga masenga na kusanda kendero ka nyenyezi nawo ŵakachemekangaso “Ŵakalidi.”—Ezr 5:12; Da 4:7; Mil 7:4.
Kapiteni.
Munthu uyo udindo wake ukaŵa wakukhilirapo pakuyaniska na muwusi wa chigaŵa mu boma la Babuloni. Baibolo likuti ŵakapiteni ŵakaŵa na mazaza pa ŵanalume ŵavinjeru awo ŵakaŵa mu boma la Babuloni. Ŵakapiteni ŵakuzunulikaso kuti ŵakaŵako mu nyengo ya Themba Dariyasi Mumedi.—Da 2:48; 6:7.
Katani.
Yikaŵa salu yakulukika makora ndipo ŵakadoŵapo ŵakerubi. Katani ndiyo yikapaturanga pakati pa Malo Ghatuŵa na Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene agho ghakaŵa mu chihema chakukumanamo na mu tempile. (Ek 26:31; 2Mi 3:14; Mt 27:51; Heb 9:3)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5.
Kemoshi.
Chiuta mulara wa Ŵamowabu.—1Ma 11:33.
Kenani.
Muzukuru wa Nowa, uyo wakaŵa mwana wachinayi wa Hamu. Mafuko 11 agho ghakafuma mwa Hamu ghakamba kukhala mu chigaŵa chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa Meditereniyani pakati pa Eguputo na Siriya. Malo agha ghakamba kuchemeka “charu cha Kenani.” (Le 18:3; Ge 9:18; Mil 13:19)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B4.
Kesare.
Zina Lachiroma, ilo pamanyuma likaŵa zina la mafumu gha Ŵaroma. Mu Baibolo mukuzunulika Kesare Augusto, Tiberiyo, na Kilaudiyo. Nangauli Nero wakuzunulikamo yayi, kweni nayo wakaŵa Kesare. Zina lakuti “Kesare” likwimiraso boma panji ŵamazaza.—Mrk 12:17; Mil 25:12.
Khonde la Solomoni.
Mu tempile ilo likaŵako mu nyengo ya Yesu, agha ghakaŵa malo agho ghakaŵa na mtenje kumafumiro gha dazi kwa luŵaza lwakuwaro agho ŵanthu ŵakajumphangako, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakugomezga kuti malo agha ndigho ghekha ghakakhalako pa tempile ilo Solomoni wakazenga. Nyengo yinyake ya chiwuvi, Yesu wakajumphapo pa malo agha, kweniso Ŵakhristu ŵakwambilira ŵakasoperanga pa malo agha. (Yoh 10:22, 23; Mil 5:12)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B11.
Khristu.
Zina linyake la Yesu. Khristu (Khri·stosʹ) ni lizgu Lachigiriki ndipo pa Chihebere ni “Mesiya” kung’anamura “Wakuphakazgika.”—Mt 1:16; Yoh 1:41.
Khuni.
Chikhuni chakwimilira nyolonyolo icho ŵakapayikangapo munthu uyo wasangika na mulandu. Khuni ili ndilo mitundu yinyake yikakomerangapo munthu panji kupayikapo chitanda chake kuti liŵe chenjezgo ku ŵanthu panji kuti walengeskeke. Ŵaasiriya, awo ŵakaŵa ŵankhaza chomene, ŵakatoranga mathupi gha ŵanthu awo ŵaŵakora na kughapayika pa makuni ghakusongoka, kuvotora munthumbo m’paka mu mbambo. Kweni kuyana na dango la Ŵayuda, awo ŵasangika na mulandu wakofya, nga nkhuyuyura Chiuta, ŵakaŵakomanga dankha pakuŵadinya na malibwe, panji mu nthowa zinyake, kufuma apo ndipo vitanda vyawo ŵakavipayikanga pa makuni, kuŵa chakuchenjezga ku ŵanji. (Do 21:22, 23; 2Sa 21:6, 9) Nyengo zinyake Ŵaroma ŵakamutoranga waka munthu na kumukakilira ku khuni, ndipo wakakhalangapo mazuŵa ghanandi pambere wandafwe chifukwa cha ulwilwi, nyota, njara, panji kuphya na zuŵa. Kweni nyengo zinyake ŵakatoranga munthu na kumukhoma pa khuni malundi na mawoko, nga umo ŵakachitira na Yesu. (Lu 24:20; Yoh 19:14-16; 20:25; Mil 2:23, 36)—Wonani KHUNI LAKUSUZGIKIRAPO.
Khuni la kumanyiska uwemi na uheni.
Khuni ilo Chiuta wakaliŵika mu munda wa Edeni kuŵa chimanyikwiro chakuti iyo ngwakwenelera kuŵaŵikira ŵanthu malango gha icho ‘ntchiwemi’ na icho ‘ntchiheni.’—Ge 2:9, 17.
Khuni lakusuzgikirapo.
Mazgu agha ghali kufuma ku lizgu Lachigiriki (stau·rosʹ), ilo likung’anamura khuni lakwimilira nyolonyolo, nga ni ilo ŵakapayikapo Yesu. Palije ukaboni wakuti lizgu Lachigiriki ili likang’anamuranga mphinjika, nga ni iyo ŵanthu ŵakusopa ŵangoza ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito kuŵa chimanyikwiro pakusopa kwawo vyaka vinandi chomene pambere Khristu wandize. Mazgu ghakuti “khuni lakusuzgikirapo” ghakupeleka ng’anamuro lenecho la lizgu ili, pakuti Yesu nayo wakayowoya lizgu Lachigiriki (stau·rosʹ) kuti walongore kuti ŵasambiri ŵake ŵasuzgikenge, kukomwa, na kukhozgeka soni. (Mt 16:24; Heb 12:2)—Wonani KHUNI.
Khuni la umoyo.
Khuni ilo likaŵa mu munda wa Edeni. Baibolo likuyowoyapo yayi kuti mu chipambi cha khuni ili mukaŵa tunthu twakupa umoyo. Kweni likaŵa nga mbukaboni wakufuma kwa Chiuta wakuti wose awo ŵazomerezgeka kurya chipambi chake ŵaŵenge ŵamoyo muyirayira.—Ge 2:9; 3:22.
Kida.
Likaŵa khuni ilo ŵanthu ŵakatorangako vikwa. Khuni ili lili mu gulu limoza na khuni la sinamoni. Vikwa vya Kida ŵakapangiranga perefyumu. Mafuta ghakuphakazgira ŵakasazgangako kida.—Ek 30:24; Sa 45:8; Eze 27:19.
Kilomita (Mayilosi).
Kung’anamura mtunda uwo wapimika. Lizgu ili likusangika pa Mateyu 5:41. Mtunda wa kilomita ukwenera kuti ukayanangako na mamita 1,479.5 (mafiti 4,854) kuyana na umo Ŵaroma ŵakapimiranga. Lizgu lakuti makilomita likusangikaso pa Luka 24:13, Yohane 6:19, na Yohane 11:18.—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Kisilevi.
Zina la mwezi wa 9 pa kalendara ya Ŵayuda iyo ŵakalondezganga pakusopa. Pa kalendara iyo ŵanthu wose ŵakenderanga, uwu ukaŵa mwezi wachitatu. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Novembala na kumalira mukatikati mwa Disembala. (Ne 1:1; Zek 7:1)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Korali.
Wakusangika mu nyanja zikuruzikuru. Wakupangika na viwangwa vya twamoyo twamumaji. Kolari walipo wa mtundu uswesi, utuŵa, ufipa na yinyakeso. Mu Nyanja Yiswesi, korali wakasangikanga munandi chomene. Kale kolari muswesi ŵakapangiranga majuda na vyakutoweskera vinyake.—Zi 8:11.
Koro.
Chikaŵa chakupimira vinthu. Chikuyana na malita 220. (1Ma 5:11)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Kufipirwa.
Lizgu ili likung’anamura kubinkha panji kuswa malango gha makhaliro ghawemi. Kweni mu Baibolo, lizgu ili likung’anamura icho ntchambura kuzomerezgeka, panji chambura kutowa, kuyana na Dango la Mozesi. (Le 5:2; 13:45; Mt 10:1; Mil 10:14; Efe 5:5)—Wonani KUTOWA.
Kuhara chokoro.
Mu Dango la Mozesi, munthu wakaharanga chokoro para mubali wake wafwa kwambura kusida mwana. Ŵakachitanga nthena kuti zina la munthu uyo wafwa lilutilire.—Ge 38:8; Do 25:5.
Kung’anamuka mtima.
Mu Baibolo, mazgu agha ghakuyowoya vya munthu uyo wasintha maghanoghano ndipo wajinyumwa na kudandawura chifukwa cha umoyo wake wakale, viheni ivyo wakachitanga kumasinda, panji vinthu ivyo wakatondeka kuchita. Munthu uyo wang’anamuka nadi mtima wakulongora na vipambi vyake, wakusintha machitiro ghake.—Mt 3:8; Mil 3:19; 2Pe 3:9.
Kunozgekera.
Zuŵa lakuti machero ghake ni Sabata, Ŵayuda ŵakanozgerangathu vinthu vyakukhumbikwa. Zuŵa ili likamaranga para dazi lanjira pa zuŵa ilo lero tikuti Chinkhondi, nyengo iyo Sabata likambiranga. Ku Ŵayuda, zuŵa likambanga mise na kumara mise yakulondezgapo.—Mrk 15:42; Lu 23:54.
Kuphakazga.
Pa Chihebere, lizgu ili likung’anamura “kupungura.” Ŵakapunguliranga mafuta pa munthu panji pa chinthu kulongora kuti chapatulika. Mazgu agha ghakung’anamuraso kupungulira mzimu utuŵa pa ŵakusoleka awo ŵali na chigomezgo cha kuluta kuchanya.—Ek 28:41; 1Sa 16:13; 2Ko 1:21.
Kuphepiska.—
Wonani MPHEPISKA.
Kusemeti.
Mtundu unyake wa tirigu (Triticum spelta), ndipo ngwakusuzga chomene kupwantha.—Ek 9:32.
Kusopa Chiuta mwakujipeleka.
Mazgu agha ghakung’anamura kopa, kusopa, ndiposo kuteŵetera Yehova Chiuta mwakugomezgeka.—1Ti 4:8; 2Ti 3:12.
Kutemba.
Kofya munthu panji kumukhumbira viheni. Lizgu ili likupambana na kuyuyura munthu panji kumuchitira nkhaza. Mazgu ghakutemba kanandi ghakuyowoya za ivyo munthu vimuchitikirenge munthazi. Usange nthembo yafuma kwa Chiuta panji munthu waudindo, nthembo yanthena yikuyana na uchimi.—Ge 12:3; Ma 22:12; Ga 3:10.
Kutengera.
Ntchitima icho munthu wakulongora chifukwa cha nyifwa panji masuzgo ghanyake agho ghangaŵapo. Kale ŵanthu ŵakatengeranga kwa nyengo yitali. Pa nyengo iyi ŵakaliranga, ŵakavwaranga malaya ghapadera, ŵakajithiranga vyoto pa mutu, ŵakapaluranga malaya ghawo, na kujitimba pa nganga. Nyengo zinyake para kwachitika nyifwa, ŵakachemanga nkhwantha zakutengera.—Ge 23:2; Ek 4:3; Chiv 21:4.
Kutowa.
Mu Baibolo mazgu agha ghakung’anamura kupwelelera thupi, kweniso kuŵa wambura kabanga, wambura kafukwa kalikose. Munthu wakutowa wakuchita uleŵi yayi ndipo wakuŵa na nkharo yiwemi kweniso ubwezi uwemi na Chiuta. Mu Dango la Mozesi, munthu wakakhumbikwiranga kujitozga mwadango.—Le 10:10; Sa 51:7; Mt 8:2; 1Ko 6:11.
Kuvulura.
Kutora vyose ivyo ŵakuvuna ŵavileka mu munda. Dango la Mozesi likatenge ŵanthu ŵangavunanga vyose yayi vya mumphepete mwa minda yawo. Para ŵakuvuna mpheska panji maolive, ŵakeneranga kusidamo mu munda ivyo ŵakuvuna. Dango ili wakapeleka ni Chiuta kuti ŵakavu, ŵakusuzgika, ŵalendo, ŵalanda, na vyokoro ŵavunenge ivyo ŵeneko ŵa minda ŵavileka.—Ru 2:7.
Kuŵapo.
Mu nkhani zinyake mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, mazgu agha ghakuyowoya vya nyengo iyo Yesu Khristu wakhalira pa ufumu kwambira pa nyengo iyo wakimikikira kuŵa Themba mu mazuŵa ghaumaliro gha mgonezi uwu kuya kunthazi. Kuŵapo kwa Khristu kuti nkhwiza na kulutaso mwaluŵiro chara, kweni nkhwa nyengo yitaliko.—Mt 24:3.
Kuŵika mawoko pa.
Ŵakaŵikanga mawoko pa mutu wa munthu para ŵakukhumba kumusankha kuti wachite mulimo unyake wapadera panji kuti wapokere vitumbiko panji mzimu utuŵa. Nyengo zinyake mawoko ŵakaŵikanga pa mutu wa mberere panji ng’ombe pambere ŵandayikome kuti ŵayipeleke sembe.—Ek 29:15; Maŵ 27:18; Mil 19:6; 1Ti 5:22.
Kuziŵizga kurya.
Nyengo iyo munthu wakuleka kurya. Ŵaisrayeli ŵakaziŵizganga kurya pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska, para ŵasangana na masoka, ndiposo para ŵakupenja ulongozgi kwa Chiuta. Ŵayuda ŵakaziŵizganga kurya kanayi pa chaka kuti ŵakumbukire masoka agho ghakaŵawira. Ŵakhristu ŵalije dango la kuziŵizga kurya.—Ezr 8:21; Yes 58:6; Lu 18:12.
Lepita.
Iyi yikaŵa ndalama yichoko chomene. Yikaŵanga yamkuŵa panji yachisulo. Mu Mabaibolo ghanyake ŵakuyichema kuti “mite.” (Mr 12:42; Lu 21:2; mazgu ghamusi)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Levi; Ŵalevi.
Mwana wachitatu wa Yakhobe uyo wakababa mwa Leya. Likaŵaso zina la fuko. Ŵana ŵatatu ŵa Levi ndiwo ŵakalaŵiliranga magulu gha ŵasembe. Nyengo zinyake zina la Levi likuyowoya za fuko lose la Levi kuwuskako ŵasembe ŵa mu mbumba ya Aroni. Mu Charu cha Layizgano fuko la Levi likapokako yayi chiharo cha malo. Kweni ŵakapika waka mizi 48 iyo yikaŵa mu vigaŵa ivyo vikapelekeka ku mafuko ghanyake.—Do 10:8; 1Mi 6:1; Heb 7:11.
Leviyatani.
Ichi ntchimoza cha vinyama ivyo vikukhala mu maji. Leviyatani uyo wakuyowoyeka pa Yobu 3:8 na 41:1, wakwenera kuti ni ng’wina panji chinyama chinyake chikuru na chankhongono icho chikukhala mu maji. Leviyatani uyo wakuzunulika pa Salimo 104:26, wakwenera kuŵa mu gulu la visomba vikuruvikuru (whale). Mu malo ghanyake wakwimira waka vinthu vinyake, ndipo wakuyaniskika na nyama yiliyose yayi.—Sa 74:14; Yes 27:1.
Libwe lakusilirapo (lwara).
Ili likaŵa libwe ilo ŵakasilirangapo tirigu panji balere. Kale ŵanakazi ŵakasiranga na mawoko. Dango la Mozesi likakanizganga kutora libwe lakusilirapo kuŵa chikholi chifukwa libwe ili ndilo zuŵa lililose ŵakasilirangapo tirigu panji balere uyo ŵakaryanga. Awo ŵakaŵanga na malibwe ghakurughakuru ghakusilirapo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito viŵeto.—Do 24:6; Mrk 9:42.
Libwe lapakona.
Libwe ilo ŵakaŵikanga pa kona ya nyumba apo viliŵa viŵiri vikukumana. Libwe lapakona likaŵanga lakuzirwa chomene. Likaŵa libwe lakukhora ilo ŵakazengeranga nyumba panji malinga gha msumba. Mazgu agha ghakung’anamuraso ntchindamiro ya charu. Mpingo Wachikhristu uli nga ni nyumba, ndipo Baibolo likuti Yesu ndiyo ni ‘libwe lapakona pa fawundeshoni.’—Efe 2:20; Yob 38:6.
Likasa la phangano.
Ni bokosi ilo ŵakapanga na mathabwa gha khuni la akasiya ndipo ŵakalimata na golide. Likasa ŵakaliŵika mu Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene gha chihema. Pamanyuma ŵakaliŵika mu Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene gha tempile ilo Solomoni wakazenga. Likasa likaŵa na chibenekelero chagolide ndipo pachanya pake pakaŵa ŵakerubi ŵaŵiri awo ŵakalazgirana. Vinthu vyakuzirwa chomene ivyo vikaŵa mu likasa ni malibwe ghapapati ghaŵiri agho pakalembeka Malango Khumi. (Do 31:26; 1Ma 6:19; Heb 9:4)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5 na B8.
Logu.
Chikaŵa chakupimira chichoko chomene icho ŵakapimiranga vinthu vyamajimaji. Buku linyake la Ŵayuda likulongosora kuti logu wakuyana na malita 0.31. (Le 14:10)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Lusungu lukuru.
Kufuma ku lizgu Lachigiriki ilo fundo yake yeneko yikung’anamura chinthu chakuzomerezgeka na chiwemi. Kanandi lizgu ili likuyowoya vya chawanangwa chalusungu panji umo chapelekekera mwalusungu. Para likuyowoya vya lusungu lukuru lwa Chiuta, lizgu ili likuyowoya za chawanangwa icho Chiuta wakupeleka waka, kwambura kukhazga malipiro. Ntheura ntchilongolero cha mzimu wakupa wa Chiuta na chitemwa chake kweniso umo wakulongolera lusungu ku ŵanthu. Lizgu Lachigiriki ilo kuli kufuma mazgu agha likulembekaso kuti “uchizi” na “chawanangwa.” Munthu wakulongora lusungu lukuru kwa munyake chifukwa chakuti munthu uyo wachita makora yayi, kweni chifukwa chakuti uyo wakupeleka wali na mtima uwemi.—2Ko 6:1; Efe 1:7.
Luŵaza.
Malo agho ghakazingilizga chihema ndipo ghakaŵa mukati mwa chipanga cha visalu. Ŵakati ŵazenga tempile, luŵaza lukaŵa malo agho ghakazingilizga tempile. Pa chihema chakukumanapo, jotchero ilo ŵakapelekerangapo sembe zakotcha ŵakaliŵika pa luŵaza. Pa tempile, jotchero ili likaŵa pa luŵaza lwamkati. (Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5, B8, B11.) Baibolo likuzunuraso maluŵaza gha nyumba za ŵanthu na nyumba zachifumu.—Ek 8:13; 27:9; 1Ma 7:12; Est 4:11; Mt 26:3.
Magwedi.
Chinthu icho ŵakalangirangapo ŵanthu para ŵabuda. Mu magwedi ghanyake munthu ŵakamunjizgangamo malundi pera, apo mu ghanyake ŵakapindanga thupi, panyake kunjizga malundi, mawoko, na singo.—Yer 20:2; Mil 16:24.
Mahalati.
Ni lizgu la ŵakwimba ndipo likusangika pa mutu uwo uli pa Salimo 53 na 88. Lizgu ili mu Chihebere likung’anamura kunyotwa, kulwara, likulongora mazgu ghachitima. Ng’anamuro la lizgu ili likukolerana na mazgu ghakudandawura agho ghali mu Salimo 53 na 88.
Majonjo.
Ŵakapanganga ghagolide, siliva panji mkuŵa. Majonjo agha ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pa chihema na pa tempile. Ŵakawotcherangapo vyakununkhira, kutolera makara pa jotchero na visunda ivyo vikaŵanga pa chakuŵikapo nyali chagolide.—Ek 37:23; 2Mi 26:19; Heb 9:4.
Makani ghawemi.
Malemba Ghachigiriki ghakuyowoya vya makani ghawemi gha Ufumu wa Chiuta, na makani ghawemi gha chiponosko icho ŵanthu ŵazamusanga kwizira mwa Yesu Khristu.—Lu 4:18, 43; Mil 5:42; Chiv 14:6.
Makedoniya.
Chigaŵa icho chikaŵa kumpoto kwa Girisi icho chikamba kumanyikwa mu nyengo ya Alekizanda Mukuru. Chigaŵa ichi chikalutilira kujiyimira pachekha m’paka apo Ŵaroma ŵakachithereska. Apo mpositole Paulosi wakaluta kakwamba ku Europe, Ŵaroma ndiwo ŵakalamuliranga Makedoniya. Paulosi wakalutako katatu ku Makedoniya. (Mil 16:9)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B13.
Malikamu.
Zina ili likwenera kuti likuyana na lakuti Moleki, chiuta mulara wa Ŵaamoni. (Zef 1:5)—Wonani MOLEKI.
Malo ghakupatulika.
Malo agho ghali kupatulika kuti ŵanthu ŵasoperengepo, malo ghatuŵa. Kweni nyengo zinandi lizgu ili likuyowoya vya chihema panji tempile la mu Yerusalemu. Lizgu ili likugwiraso ntchito para tikuyowoya vya kuchanya uko Chiuta wakukhala.—Ek 25:8, 9; 2Ma 10:25; 1Mi 28:10; Chiv 11:19.
Malo ghapachanya.
Ghakaŵa malo ghakusoperapo ndipo kanandi ghakaŵanga pachanya pa phiri panji ŵakachitanga kupanga guŵa. Nangauli malo ghapachanya ŵakasoperangapo Chiuta waunenesko, kweni kanandi malo agha ghakaŵa ghakusoperapo ŵangoza panji kuti ŵachiuta ŵatesi.—Maŵ 33:52; 1Ma 3:2; Yer 19:5.
Malo ghatuŵa.
Malo ghakwamba ghakuru chomene gha chihema panji gha tempile, agho ghakupambana na Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene. Mu Malo ghatuŵa gha chihema mukaŵa chakuŵikapo nyali chagolide, jotchero lagolide lakotcherapo vyakununkhira, thebulu lakuŵikapo vingwa vyakulongora, na viteŵetero vyagolide. Mu malo ghatuŵa gha mu tempile mukaŵa jotchero lagolide, vyakuŵikapo nyali vyagolide 10, na mathebulu 10 ghakuŵikapo vingwa vyakulongora. (Ek 26:33; Heb 9:2)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5 na B8.
Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene.
Malo ghamukati chomene gha chihema na gha tempile. Malo agha mukakhalanga likasa la phangano. Mozesi na wasembe mukuru, ndiwo ŵakanjiranga mu Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene. Wasembe mukuru wakanjiranga mu malo agha pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska pera.—Ek 26:33; Le 16:2, 17; 1Ma 6:16; Heb 9:3.
Malukwa.
Vyakumera vya mu maji vyakuŵa nga ni matete, ŵakapangiranga vitete, vyakuŵikamo vinthu, na maboti. Kweniso ŵakapangiranga vinthu vyakulembapo vyakuyanako na pepara, ndipo mipukutu yinandi yikaŵa yamalukwa.—Ek 2:3.
Mana.
Chakurya icho Ŵaisrayeli ŵakaryanga apo ŵakaŵa mu mapopa vyaka 40. Yehova ndiyo wakaŵapanga chakurya ichi. Zuŵa lililose chikasangikanga kupaturako zuŵa la Sabata. Ŵaisrayeli ŵakati ŵachiwona kakwamba, ŵakafumba kuti, “Nthuvichi utu?” (Ek 16:13-15, 35) Mu malemba ghanyake, mana ghakuchemeka kuti “chakurya cha kuchanya” (Sa 78:24), “chingwa chakufuma kuchanya” (Sa 105:40), na “chingwa cha ŵankhongono” (Sa 78:25). Yesu nayo wakati iyo ni mana.—Yoh 6:49, 50.
Mapiri gha ku Lebanoni.
Ku Lebanoni kuli vigaŵa viŵiri vya mapiri. Chigaŵa chinyake chili kumanjiliro gha dazi ndipo chinyake chili kumafumiro gha dazi. Pakati pali dambo ilo likupatura vigaŵa viŵiri ivi. Mapiri gha ku Lebanoni ghakwambira mumphepete mwa nyanja ya Meditereniyani, ndipo ngatali mamita pakati pa 1,800 na 2,100 (mafiti 6,000 na mafiti 7,000). Mu nyengo yakale ku Lebanoni kukaŵa makuni ghanandi gha sidara, agho vyaru vinyake vikaghaguranga pa mtengo wakudura. (Do 1:7; Sa 29:6; 92:12)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B7.
Marimoni.
Chipambi ichi, icho ŵanyake ŵakuti ngoma zachizungu, chikuwoneka nga ni apulo, ndipo chikuŵa na tumphungapunga kuumaliro. Chikantha cha chipambi ichi ntchinonono ndipo mukati mukuŵa tunjere tuswesi uto tuli na mujwere unandi. Musi mwa munjilira wabuluu wambura mawoko, uwo wasembe mukuru wakavwaranga, ŵakatozgangamo na tuvitoweskero twakukozgana na marimoni. Mizati ya Yakini na Bowazi, iyo yikaŵa panthazi pa tempile, nayo ŵakayitozga na marimoni.—Ek 28:34; Maŵ 13:23; 1Ma 7:18.
Masalamusi.
Vinthu ivyo vikuchitika na nkhongono zakufuma ku mizimu yiheni.—2Mi 33:6.
Masengwe gha jotchero.
Masengwe agha ghakaŵa mu makona ghanayi gha jotchero. (Le 8:15; 1Ma 2:28)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B5 na B8.
Masikilu.
Ili ni lizgu Lachihebere, ndipo ng’anamuro lake likumanyikwa yayi. Likusangika pa mutu uwo uli ukusangika pa masalimo ghakukwana 13.—2Mi 30:22; Sa 32:Mutu.
Mazuŵa ghaumaliro.
Mazgu agha mu Baibolo ghakuyowoya vya nyengo iyo vyakuchitika vya mu charu vizamumalira. (Eze 38:16; Da 10:14; Mil 2:17) Kuyana na umo uchimi ukayowoyera, iyi yingaŵa nyengo yitali panji yifupi. Baibolo likuyowoya za “mazuŵa ghaumaliro” gha nyengo iyi, iyo ni nyengo ya kuŵapo kwa Yesu.—2Ti 3:1; Yak 5:3; 2Pe 3:3.
Mbata.
Chinthu chakupangika na chisulo icho ŵakachitanga kuphuta, ŵakalizganga kuti ŵapeleke chimanyikwiro panji pakwimba sumu. Kuyana na Maŵazgo 10:2, Yehova wakaphalira Ŵaisrayeli kuti ŵapange mbata ziŵiri zasiliva zakuti ŵalizgenge pakuchemera wumba pamoza, kunyamuka pa msasa, panji kumanyiska ŵanthu kuti kuli nkhondo. Mbata izi zikwenera kuti zikaŵa zakunyoloka, zikapambananga na za masengwe gha nyama izo zikaŵa zakugombereka. Mbata zinyake izo mapangikiro ghake ghakumanyikwa yayi zikaŵa zimoza mwa vyakwimbira ivyo vikaŵa pa tempile. Kanandi para mbata zimbika ndikuti ŵapharazgenge vyeruzgo vya Yehova na vyakuchitika vinyake vyakufuma kwa Chiuta.—2Mi 29:26; Ezr 3:10; 1Ko 15:52; Chiv 8:7–11:15.
Merodaki.
Chiuta mukuru wa msumba wa Babuloni. Themba la Babuloni na Hamurabi uyo wakapanganga malango, ŵakati ŵapanga Babuloni kuŵa msumba ukuru, Merodaki (Maduki) wakaŵa chiuta mukuru na wakuzirwa ku Ŵababuloni ŵakuchindikika. Pamanyuma Merodaki ŵakamuthya zina lakuti “Belu” (Mweneko), ndipo kanandi Merodaki wakachemekanga kuti Beli.—Yer 50:2.
Mesiya.
Ni lizgu Lachihebere ilo likung’anamura kuphakazga panji wakuphakazgika. Lizgu ili likuyana na Lachigiriki lakuti Khristu.—Da 9:25; Yoh 1:41.
Mgonezi.
Lizgu ili lili kufuma ku lizgu Lachigiriki (ai·onʹ) para likuyowoya za vinthu ivyo vikuchitika panji vinthu vyapadera ivyo vikuchitika pa nyengo yinyake. Baibolo likuyowoya vya “mgonezi uwu,” kung’anamura vinthu ivyo vikuchitika sono mu charu kweniso umoyo wa ŵanthu mu charu. (2Ti 4:10) Mu phangano la Dango, Chiuta wakambiska kachitiro ka vinthu ako ŵanyake ŵangati mgonezi wa Ŵaisrayeli panji Ŵayuda. Chiuta kwizira mwa Yesu Khristu wakambiska mgonezi unyake chifukwa cha sembe iyo wakapeleka. Mgonezi uwu ukaŵa wa mpingo wa Ŵakhristu ŵakuphakazgika. Uku kukaŵa kwamba kwa nyengo yiphya, ya kufiskika kwa vinthu ivyo vikayowoyeka mu phangano la Dango. Para lalembeka kuti migonezi, lizgu ili likuyowoya vya nyengo zakupambanapambana, panji vinthu ivyo vikuchitika, ivyo vikaŵako panji viŵengeko.—Mt 24:3; Mrk 4:19; Ro 12:2; 1Ko 10:11.
Mikitamu.
Ni lizgu Lachihebere ilo likusangika pa mutu uwo uli pa Salimo 16, 56-60. Lizgu ili ng’anamuro lake likumanyikwa viŵi yayi, nangauli lingaŵa kuti likuyanako na mazgu agho ghakuyowoya vya malemba ghakujoba.
Milikomu.
Chiuta uyo ŵakasopanga Ŵaamoni, wakwenera kuti wakuyana na chiuta Moleki. (1Ma 11:5, 7) Kuumaliro wa ufumu wake, Solomoni wakazenga malo ghapachanya ghakusoperapo ŵachiuta ŵatesi.—Wonani MOLEKI.
Mina.
Mu buku la Ezekiyeli likuchemeka kuti mane. Likaŵa zina la ndalama, kweniso lizgu ili likayowoyanga vya uzito wa vinthu. Mina yikayananga na mashekele 50, ndipo uzito wa shekele yimoza ukaŵanga magiramu 11.4. Uzito wa mina iyo yikuyowoyeka mu Malemba Ghachihebere ukaŵanga magiramu 570. Pakwenera kuti pakaŵa mina yinyake yachifumu nga umo vikaŵira na mkono. Mina iyo yikuyowoyeka mu Malemba Ghachigiriki yikayananga na madirakima 100. Uzito wake ukaŵa magiramu 340. Mamina 60 ghakayananga na talente limoza. (Ezr 2:69; Lu 19:13)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Minthondwe; Milimo yankhongono.
Ni vinthu ivyo munthu wakuchita na nkhongono zake yayi. Lizgu ili mu Baibolo likulembekaso kuti vimanyikwiro panji vyakuzizwiska.—Ek 4:21; Mil 4:22; Heb 2:4.
Mitu.
Vyakutoweskera ivyo vikaŵikika pachanya pa mizati. Mizati yiŵiri iyo yikaŵa panthazi pa tempile la Solomoni yikachemekanga Yakini na Bowazi. (1Ma 7:16)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B8.
Mizi yakuponerako.
Yikaŵa mizi ya Ŵalevi iyo kukachimbiliranga munthu uyo wakoma munyake mwangozi. Mu Charu cha Layizgano mizi iyi yikaŵapo 6. Yehova ndiyo wakaphalira Mozesi na Joshuwa kuti Ŵaisrayeli ŵaŵe na mizi iyi. Para uyo wakoma munyake wafika ku muzi wakuponerako, wakaphaliranga dankha ŵalara mulandu wake pa chipata cha muzi, ndipo ŵakamupokeleranga. Kuti ŵanji ŵaleke kusangirapo mwaŵi pa dango ili, uyo wakoma munyake wakeruzgikiranga ku malo uko kwachitikira ngozi iyo. Para wasangika kuti walije mulandu, wakaweleranga ku muzi wakuponerako. Wakakhalanga ku muzi uwu umoyo wake wose. Munthu uyu wakaŵa na wanangwa wakufuma ku muzi uwu pekha para wasembe mukuru wafwa.—Maŵ 35:6, 11-15, 22-29; Jos 20:2-8.
Mkhristu.
Zina ilo Chiuta wali kupeleka ku ŵalondezgi ŵa Yesu Khristu.—Mil 11:26; 26:28.
Mkono.
Mweso wakupimira utali wa chinthu. Ŵakapimanga kwambira pa kasukusuku m’paka paumaliro wa kamunwe kapakati. Mkono uwo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakapimiranga kanandi ukayananga na masentimita 44.5 (mainchesi 17.5), ŵakaŵaso na mkono unyake utali uwo ukaŵa pafupifupi masentimita 51.8 (mainchesi 20.4). (Ge 6:15; Lu 12:25)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Moleki.
Wakaŵa chiuta wa Ŵaamoni. Wakwenera kuti wakayananga waka na chiuta Malikamu, Milikomu, na Moloko. Likwenera kuti likaŵa zina la chiuta yumoza pera yayi. Dango la Mozesi likatenge munthu uyo wapeleka mwana wake sembe kwa Moleki wakomeke.—Le 20:2; Yer 32:35; Mil 7:43.
Moloko.
—Wonani MOLEKI.
Moyo.
Ndimo lizgu Lachihebere (neʹphesh) na Lachigiriki (psy·kheʹ) kanandi likung’anamulikira. Para tawona makora umo mazgu agha ghakugwilira ntchito mu Baibolo, tikusanga kuti ghakuyowoya vya (1) ŵanthu, (2) vinyama, panji (3) umoyo uwo munthu panji nyama vili nawo. (Ge 1:20; 2:7; Maŵ 31:28; 1Pe 3:20) Mwakupambana na ivyo visopa vinandi vikuyowoya, Baibolo likulongora kuti ne’phesh na psy·khe’, vikufwa usange tikuyowoya za vilengiwa vyakuwoneka na maso vya pa charu chapasi, ivyo vikufwa. Mu Baibolo ili, mazgu agha ghang’anamulika kuyana na ng’anamuro lake pa nkhani yiliyose, mwalembeka mazgu nga “umoyo,” “chamoyo,” “munthu,” “umoyo wa munthu, panji mazgu ghanyake ghapusu. Mu malo ghanandi, mazgu ghamusi ghakulongora kalembero kanyake ka mazgu ghakuti “moyo.” Para mazgu ghakuti “umoyo” ghalembeka mu nkhani panji mu mazgu ghamusi, tingamanya ng’anamuro lake pakuwona ivyo vyalongosoreka pachanya apa. Para likuyowoya vyakuti munthu wakuchita chinthu na umoyo wake wose, chikung’anamura kuti wakuchichita mwakujipeleka, panji kuti na mtima wose. (Do 6:5; Mt 22:37) Mu nkhani zinyake, mazgu agha ghakuyowoya ivyo chamoyo chikukhumba panji kudokera. Ghangayowoyaso vya munthu wakufwa panji chinthu chakufwa.—Maŵ 6:6; Zi 23:2; Yes 56:11; Hag 2:13.
Mphenduzga.
Pakaŵanga tumalibwe tuchokotuchoko panji tunthu tunyake uto ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pakusankha chakuchita. Tunthu utu ŵakatuŵikanga pa salu panji pa chinthu chinyake, pamasinda ŵakatusunkhunyanga. Kalibwe ako kawa pasi kakawovwiranga kumanya uyo wasankhika. Kanandi ŵakalombanga pakuchita mphenduzga.—Jos 14:2; Sa 16:5; Zi 16:33; Mt 27:35.
Mphepiska.
Mu Baibolo, lizgu ili likuyowoya za sembe izo ŵanthu ŵakapelekanga kuti ŵalombe kwa Chiuta na kumusopa. Mwakuyana na Dango la Mozesi, chaka chilichose ŵanthu ŵakapelekanga sembe pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska kuti ŵaphemane na Chiuta nangauli ŵakaŵa ŵakwananga. Sembe izi zikimiranga sembe yakuphepiskira ya Yesu, iyo yikupa ŵanthu mwaŵi wakuti ŵaŵeso paubwezi na Yehova.—Le 5:10; 23:28; Kol 1:20; Heb 9:12.
Mphete yachidindo.
Mtundu wa chidindo icho ŵakavwaranga pa munwe panji kukakako chingwe na kuvwara mu singo. Chikaŵa chimanyikwiro cha mazaza gha themba panji mulongozgi. (Ge 41:42)—Wonani CHIDINDO.
Mpingo.
Ni gulu la ŵanthu ilo lawungana pamoza kuti lichite chinthu chinyake. Mu Malemba Ghachihebere, lizgu ili kanandi likuyowoya za mtundu wa Israyeli. Mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, likuyowoya za mipingo iyo Ŵakhristu ŵakawungananga, kweniso mpingo wose wa Ŵakhristu.—1Ma 8:22; Mil 9:31; Ro 16:5.
Mpositole.
Kung’anamura “wakutumika.” Yesu na ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakatumika kuti ŵateŵetere ŵanyawo ŵakachemekanga ŵapositole. Kweni kanandi ŵasambiri 12 awo Yesu wakasankha ndiwo ŵakachemekanga ŵapositole.—Mrk 3:14; Mil 14:14.
Msumba wa Davide.
Zina ilo likapika ku msumba wa Yebusi, pamasinda pakuti Davide wauthereska na kuzengamo nyumba yake yauthemba. Msumba uwu ukuchemekaso Ziyoni. Ukaŵa ku chigaŵa chakumwera cha Yerusalemu.—2Sa 5:7; 1Mi 11:4, 5.
Mugonero wa Fumu.
Ni chakurya icho pakuŵa chingwa chambura nthukumusi na vinyo ivyo vikwimira thupi na ndopa za Khristu. Mugonero wa Fumu ntchikumbusko cha nyifwa ya Yesu. Malemba ghakuti Ŵakhristu ŵakumbukirenge nyifwa ya Yesu, lekani chakuchitika ichi chikuchemeka kuti Chikumbusko.—1Ko 11:20, 23-26.
Muhebere.
Abramu (Abrahamu) ndiyo wakamba kuchemeka kuti Muhebere pakumupambaniska na Ŵaamori. Ŵana ŵa Abrahamu ŵakachemekanga Ŵahebere ndipo chiyowoyero chawo chikaŵa Chihebere. Mu nyengo ya Yesu chiyowoyero cha Chihebere ŵakasazgangamo mazgu ghanandi gha Chiaramu. Yesu na ŵasambiri ŵake ŵakayowoyanga Chihebere ichi.—Ge 14:13; Ek 5:3; Mil 26:14.
Muheni.
Chithokozo cha Satana Dyabulosi, uyo wakususkana na Chiuta kweniso malango ghake ghaurunji.—Mt 6:13; 1Yo 5:19.
Mulara; Mwanalume mulara.
Mu Baibolo, mazgu agha ghakuyowoya za munthu uyo wali na udindo panji mazaza. Mu buku la Chivumbuzi, mazgu agha ghakuyowoyaso za vilengiwa vyakuchanya. Mazgu Ghachigiriki (pre·sbyʹte·ros) agho ghali kung’anamulika kuti “mulara” ghakuyowoya za awo ŵakulongozga mu mpingo.—Ek 4:29; Zi 31:23; 1Ti 5:17; Chiv 4:4.
Mulara wa ŵasembe.
Mu Malemba Ghachihebere, mulara wa ŵasembe wakuchemeka Wasembe Mukuru. Mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, mazgu ghakuti “ŵalara ŵa ŵasembe” ghakuyimira ŵanthu ŵakuchindikika, kusazgapo ŵalara wose ŵa ŵasembe awo ŵakaŵalekeska mulimo wawo kweniso ŵalongozgi ŵa magulu 24 gha ŵasembe.—2Mi 26:20; Ezr 7:5; Mt 2:4; Mrk 8:31.
Mulaŵiliri.
Mwanalume uyo mulimo wake ukuru nkhulaŵilira na kuliska mpingo. Fundo yeneko ya lizgu Lachigiriki (episikopo) nja kulaŵilira na chilato cha kuvikilira. Mazgu ghakuti “mulaŵiliri” na “mulara” (prezibetare) ghakuyowoya vya udindo umoza mu mpingo wa Ŵakhristu. Mazgu ghakuti “mulara” ghakuyowoya vya umo munthu uyo wimikika waliri wakukhwima mwauzimu, apo ghakuti “mulaŵiliri” ghakuyowoya chomene vya milimo iyo wakuchita para wimikika.—Mil 20:28; 1Ti 3:2-7; 1Pe 5:2.
Mulembi.
Munthu uyo wakakoperanga Malemba Ghachihebere. Pa nyengo iyo Yesu wakiziranga pa charu chapasi, lizgu ili likayowoyanga vya ŵanthu awo ŵakalimanyanga makora Dango. Ŵakasuskanga Yesu.—Ezr 7:6; Mrk 12:38, 39; 14:1.
Mulinda.
Munthu uyo wakulinda ŵanthu panji katundu, chomenechomene usiku. Ndipo para wawona chilwani wakuchemerezga. Kanandi ŵalinda ŵakakhalanga pachanya pa viliŵa vya msumba na vigongwe kuti ŵawonenge awo ŵakwiza kutali pambere ŵandafike pafupi. Ntchimi nazo zikaŵa nga mbalinda ku mtundu wa Israyeli, zikachenjezganga vya pharanyiko ilo likwiza.—2Ki 9:20; Eze 3:17.
Mulongozgi Mulara.
Mazgu agha ghakulongora kuti Yesu Khristu wali na mulimo wakuzirwa. Mulimo wake ngwakuti wawombore ŵanthu ŵakugomezgeka ku kwananga na kuŵalongozgera ku umoyo wamuyirayira.—Mil 3:15; 5:31; Heb 2:10; 12:2.
Munazarete.
Zina ilo ŵanthu ŵakachemanga Yesu, pakuti wakafuma mu tawuni ya Nazarete. Zina ili likwenera kuti likuyanako na lizgu Lachihebere ilo pa Yesaya 11:1 lili kulembeka kuti “mphukira.” Pamanyuma, ŵasambiri ŵa Yesu nawo ŵakamba kuchemeka na zina lakuti Ŵanazarete.—Mt 2:23; Mil 24:5.
Munaziri.
Zina lakufuma ku Chihebere ilo likung’anamura kuti “Wakupelekeka,” “Wakupatulika.” Pakaŵa magulu ghaŵiri gha Ŵanaziri: awo ŵakajipelekanga ŵekha na awo ŵakasolekanga na Chiuta. Mwanalume panji mwanakazi wakachitanga chilapo chapadera kwa Yehova kuti waŵenge Munaziri pa nyengo iyo mwenecho wasankha. Awo ŵajipeleka ŵekha kuchita chilapo ichi ŵakakanizgikanga vinthu vitatu ivi: kumwa chakumwa chakuloŵezga panji kurya chilichose chakufuma ku mpheska, kumeta sisi lawo, kweniso ŵakeneranga chara kukhwaska chinthu chakufwa. Awo ŵakasolekanga na Chiuta kuŵa Ŵanaziri ŵakaŵanga Ŵanaziri umoyo wawo wose, ndipo Yehova wakaŵaphaliranga vinthu ivyo wakakhumbanga kuti ŵachitenge—Maŵ 6:2-7; Ŵer 13:5.
Mungelo Mukuru.
Kung’anamura “mulara wa ŵangelo.” Mazgu agha mu Baibolo ghakulongora kuti mungelo mukuru njumoza pera. Zina la mungelo mukuru ni Mikayeli.—Da 12:1; Yuda 9; Chiv 12:7.
Muphemaniski.
Ni uyo wakovwira ŵanthu ŵaŵiri kuti ŵaphemane. Baibolo likuti Mozesi wakaŵa muphemaniski wa phangano la Dango ndipo Yesu ni muphemaniski wa phangano liphya.—Ga 3:19; 1Ti 2:5.
Mupukutu.
Chakulembapo chitali cha vikumba panji malukwa, icho ŵakalembanga kulwande limoza, ndipo kanandi ŵakachizinganga ku kakhuni. Malemba ghakalembeka na kukopeleka pa mipukutu. Mipukutu ndiyo yikaŵa buku lakulembapo mu nyengo iyo Baibolo likalembekeranga.—Yer 36:4, 18, 23; Lu 4:17-20; 2Ti 4:13.
Mure.
Vyakununkhira viwemi chomene ivyo ŵakatoranga ku vivwati vyaminga panji ku tumakuni tunyake tuchokotuchoko. Mure ŵakasazganga ku mafuta ghakuphakazgira. Mure ŵakaphakangaso mu malaya panji pa bedi kuti vinunkhirenge. Ŵakasazgangaso mu mafuta ghakuphaka muthupi. Chitanda ŵakachiphakanga mure pambere ŵandasunge.—Ek 30:23; Zi 7:17; Yoh 19:39.
Muteŵeti wakovwira.
Pa Chigiriki lizgu ili (di·aʹko·nos) likung’anamura muteŵeti panji movwiri. Muteŵeti wakovwira ni uyo wakovwira ŵalara mu mpingo. Wakwenera kulondezga fundo za mu Baibolo kuti waŵe wakwenelera kuchita mulimo uwu.—1Ti 3:8-10, 12.
Muthulo.
Malipiro agho Boma panji mulongozgi wakupeleka ku boma panji ku mulongozgi munyake, kulongora kuti wali pasi pake, mwakuti paŵe mtende panji kuti wasange chivikiliro. (2Ma 3:4; 18:14-16; 2Mi 17:11) Lizgu ili likuyowoyekaso para boma panji mulongozgi wakukhumba msonkho ku ŵanthu.—Ne 5:4; Ro 13:7.
Muti-labeni.
Mutu uwo uli pa Salimo 9. Mazgu agha ghakayowoyanga vya nyifwa ya mwana mwanalume. Ŵanyake ŵakughanaghana kuti likaŵa zina panji mazgu ghakumanyikwa agho ŵakambanga kuzunura pakwimba sumu iyi.
Mutu.
Mazgu agho ghali pakwamba pa salimo, ghakuphara uyo wakalemba, umo vinthu vikaŵira, umo sumu yingimbikira, panji ghakuyowoya chifukwa icho salimo ilo lalembekera.—Wonani mutu pa Masalimo 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 30, 38, 60, 92, 102.
Mutuŵa; Utuŵa.
Mukhaliro wa Yehova. Kuŵa na nkharo yiwemi. (Ek 28:36; 1Sa 2:2; Zi 9:10; Yes 6:3) Para Baibolo likuyowoya za ŵanthu (Ek 19:6; 2Ki 4:9), nyama (Maŵ 18:17), vinthu (Ek 28:38; 30:25; Le 27:14), malo (Ek 3:5; Yes 27:13), nyengo (Ek 16:23; Le 25:12), na milimo (Ek 36:4), kuti ni vituŵa, likung’anamura kuti ni vyakupatulika, vyapadera, panji vyakutowa kwa Chiuta mutuŵa, chinthu chapadera icho chaŵikikira mulimo wa Yehova. Mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, mazgu ghakuti “mutuŵa” na “utuŵa” ghakung’anamura chinthu chakupatulika kwa Chiuta. Mazgu agha ghakung’anamuraso nkharo yiwemi ya munthu.—Mrk 6:20; 2Ko 7:1; 1Pe 1:15, 16.
Muwoni.
Munthu uyo Chiuta wakamovwiranga kumanya khumbo lake, uyo maso ghake ghakajulikanga kuti wawone na kupulikiska ivyo ŵanthu ŵanyake wose ŵakavimanyanga yayi. Lizgu Lachihebere ilo kuli kufuma mazgu agha likung’anamura “kuwona,” kwanadi panji yayi. Ŵanthu ŵakalutanga kwa muwoni kuti waŵawovwire na fundo zavinjeru pa suzgo ilo ŵakumana nalo.—1Sa 9:9.
Muwusi wa chigaŵa.
Uyu wakaŵa kazembe, panji muwusi wa chigaŵa mu nyengo ya ufumu wa Babuloni na wa Peresiya. Themba ndilo likimikanga ŵawusi ŵa vigaŵa.—Ezr 8:36; Da 6:1.
Muwuvi.
Munthu uyo wakuwumba vimphani, mbale, na viŵiya vinyake kufuma ku dongo. Lizgu Lachihebere ilo lalembeka kuti muwuvi, likung’anamura kuti “wakupanga.” Baibolo likuyaniska mazaza gha muwuvi pa dongo na mazaza agho Yehova wali nagho pa ŵanthu kweniso mitundu.—Yes 64:8; Ro 9:21.
Muyuda.
Ufumu wa mafuko 10 wa Israyeli ukati wamara, munthu wa fuko la Yuda wakachemekanga Muyuda. (2Ma 16:6) Ŵakati ŵawera ku wuzga ku Babuloni, Ŵaisrayeli ŵa mafuko ghanyake nawo ŵakamba kuchemeka Ŵayuda. (Ezr 4:12) Pamanyuma, zina ili ŵakapambaniskiranga Ŵaisrayeli na ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake. (Est 3:6) Paulosi nayo wakazunura zina ili apo wakalongosoranga fundo yakuti mu mpingo Wachikhristu, mtundu wa munthu ulije ntchito.—Ro 2:28, 29; Ga 3:28.
Mwanakazi munyake.
Uyu wakaŵanga nga wanjira ku mitara ndipo ŵanandi ŵa iwo ni awo ŵakaŵanga ŵazga.—Ek 21:8; 2Sa 5:13; 1Ma 11:3.
Mwanangwa.
Mu nyengo ya Ŵaroma, “mwanangwa” wakaŵanga munthu uyo wakababikira mu Romu ndipo wakaŵanga na wanangwa wose. Ndipo ŵanyake ŵakaŵanga na wanangwa para ŵawomboleka ku wuzga. Uyo wakawombolekanga na kupika wanangwa wa kuŵa Muroma, wakazomerezgekanga yayi kuchitako ndyali. Wakaŵavya wanangwa ukuru.—1Ko 7:22.
Mwana wa Davide.
Mazgu agha kanandi ghakuyowoya vya Yesu, kudidimizga fundo yakuti ni Muhaliri wa phangano la Ufumu ilo likenera kufiskika na munthu munyake wakufuma mu mphapu ya Davide.—Mt 12:23; 21:9.
Mwana wakwamba kubabika.
Mazgu agha ghakuyowoya chomene za mwana mwanalume mulara wa dada (m’malo mwa mwana wakwamba wa mama). Kale mwana wakwamba wakaŵanga na udindo ukuru pa nyumba. Ndiyo wakalongozganga panyumba para dada wafwa.—Ek 11:5; 13:12; Ge 25:33; Kol 1:15.
Mwana wa munthu.
Mazgu agha ghakusangika pa malo 80 mu mabuku gha Mateyu, Mariko, Luka, na Yohane. Ghakuyowoya vya Yesu Khristu ndipo ghakulongora kuti wakaŵa munthu chifukwa chakuti wakababika ku ŵanthu, ndipo wakaŵa mzimu yayi. Mazgu agha ghakulongoraso kuti Yesu wakeneranga kufiska ivyo vili kulembeka pa Daniyeli 7:13, 14. Mu Malemba Ghachihebere, mazgu agha ghakayowoyeka kwa Ezekiyeli na Daniyeli, kupambaniska pakati pa ŵanthu aŵa na Chiuta, uyo wakaŵa mwenecho wa uthenga uwo ŵakayowoyanga.—Eze 3:17; Da 8:17; Mt 19:28; 20:28.
Mwelero.
Ni gaga uyo wakufuma ku tirigu panji balere para ŵaphwantha na kupeta. Mu Baibolo, lizgu lakuti “mwelero” lingang’anamuraso chinthu chambura ntchito.—Sa 1:4; Mt 3:12.
Mwezi uphya.
Zuŵa lakwamba la mwezi uliwose pa kalendara Yachiyuda. Ili likaŵanga zuŵa lakuwunganira pamoza, kuchita chiphikiro, na kupeleka sembe zapadera. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, zuŵa ili likazgoka la chiphikiro, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakagwiranga ntchito yiliyose yayi.—Maŵ 10:10; 2Mi 8:13; Kol 2:16.
Mzati.
Chipilara panji chinthu chakwimilira nyolonyolo. Mizati yinyake ŵakimikanga kuti ŵakumbukirenge chinthu panji chakuchitika chinyake icho chikaŵako. Mu tempile ndiposo nyumba zinyake izo Solomoni wakazenga, mukaŵa mizati. Ŵanthu ŵakusopa ŵangoza ŵakimikanga mizati panji kuti vipilara vyakupatulika vya chisopa chawo chautesi, ndipo nyengo zinyake Ŵaisrayeli ŵakatolerangako kaluso aka.—Ŵer 16:29; 1Ma 7:21; 14:23.
Mzimu.
Lizgu Lachihebere (ruʹach) na Lachigiriki (pneuʹma), agho kanandi ghakung’anamulika kuti “mzimu,” ghakung’anamura vinandi. Ghose ghakuyowoya za chinthu icho munthu wangachiwona yayi ndipo chikulongora kuti chikugwira ntchito. Mazgu Ghachihebere na Chigiriki agha ghakuyowoya vya (1) mphepo, (2) nkhongono ya umoyo ya vilengiwa pa charu chapasi, (3) nkhongono ya mu mtima iyo yikuchitiska munthu kuyowoya panji kuchita vinthu mu nthowa yinyake, (4) mazgu ghakuyowoyeka agho ghakufuma ku ŵanthu ŵambura kuwoneka, (5) ŵanthu ŵauzimu, na (6) nkhongono ya Chiuta, panji kuti mzimu utuŵa.—Ek 35:21; Sa 104:29; Mt 12:43; Lu 11:13.
Mzimu utuŵa.
Nkhongono iyo Chiuta wakufiskira khumbo lake. Ngutuŵa chifukwa chakuti mwenecho ni Yehova uyo ni mutuŵa na murunji kuluska chilichose. Kweniso chifukwa chakuti Chiuta wakufiskira khumbo lake ilo nalo ndituŵa.—Lu 1:35; Mil 1:8.
Narido.
Mafuta ghakununkhira gha mtengo wapachanya. Ghakawonekanga ghaswesiswesi ndipo ŵakapanganga kufuma ku chakumera chakuchemeka sipikenadi (Nardostachys jatamansi). Pakuti mafuta gha narido ghakaŵa ghakudura, kanandi ŵanthu ŵakasazgangako mafuta ghanyake ghambura kumanyikwa makora, ndipo nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakapanganga narido wautesi. Kweni Mariko na Yohane ŵakalemba kuti mafuta agho ghakapungulika pa Yesu ghakaŵa “narido mwenecho.”—Mrk 14:3; Yoh 12:3.
Ndodo.
Nthonga iyo fumu yikwenda nayo nga ntchimanyikwiro cha mazaza gha ufumu.—Ge 49:10; Heb 1:8.
Nduna.
Kazembe mulara wa chigaŵa uyo wakatumikanga na Mphara ya malango Yachiroma. Wakaŵa na mazaza kweruzga na kulongozga nkhondo, nangauli wakaŵa pasi pa Mphara ya malango. Wakaŵa na mazaza ghakuru chomene mu chigaŵa icho wakaŵamo.—Mil 13:7; 18:12.
Nduŵira.
Chisalu icho ŵakukakilira ku mutu zingilizge. Wasembe mukuru wakavwaranga nduŵira ya salu yiwemi, ndipo pamaso pake wakakakilirapo kanthu kakupapatara kagolide na chingwe chabuluu. Themba likavwaranga nduŵira mukati mwa mphumphu yake. Yobu wakazunura mazgu agha apo wakayaniskanga urunji wake na nduŵira.—Ek 28:36, 37; Yob 29:14; Eze 21:26.
Nehiloti.
Lizgu ili ng’anamuro lake likumanyikwa makora yayi, ndipo likusangika pa mutu uwo uli pachanya pa Salimo 5. Ŵanyake ŵakughanaghana kuti ntchakwimbira icho ŵakuchita kuphuta. Ŵakuti lili kufuma ku lizgu Lachihebere (cha·lilʹ), lakuyanako na fyoliro. Kweni lizgu ili lingang’anamuraso kimbiro panji kuti chuni cha sumu.
Ng’anga.
Munthu uyo wakuti wakuyowoya na ŵakufwa.—Le 20:27; Do 18:10-12; 2Ma 21:6.
Ng’anjo.
Ndiyo ŵakawotcherangamo na kusungunuliramo visulo kweniso kotcheramo viŵiya na vinthu vinyake. Kale ng’anjo ŵakazenganga na njerwa panji malibwe. Ng’anjo yakotcheramo viŵiya na layimu yikachemekangaso uvuni.—Ge 15:17; Da 3:17; Chiv 9:2.
Ngoza; Kusopa ngoza.
Ngoza ntchikozgo, chikwimira chinthu chilichose chanadi panji chakuyelezgera waka icho ŵanthu ŵangachisopa. Kusopa vikozgo ni para ukuchindika, kutemwa, kusopa, panji kuhaya chomene chinthu.—Sal 115:4; Mil 17:16; 1Ko 10:14.
Nisani.
Ili likaŵa zina liphya ilo ŵanthu ŵakachemeranga mwezi wa Abibu ŵakati ŵafuma ku wuzga ku Babuloni. Uwu ukaŵa mwezi wakwamba pa kalendara yakupatulika Yachiyuda ndipo ukaŵa mwezi wa 7 pa makalendara ghanyake. Ukambanga mukatikati mwa Malichi na kumalira mukatikati mwa Epulero. (Ne 2:1)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Nkhalikali.
Makuni ghakupambanapambana agho ghakuŵaŵa chomene kweniso ghali na sungu lankhongono. Mu Baibolo, nkhalikali yikuzunulika pakuyowoya za vyakuŵinya ivyo vikwiza chifukwa cha uzaghali, wuzga, nkhaza, na uchigaluka. Pa Chivumbuzi 8:11, mazgu ghakuti “nkhalikali” ghakuyowoya vya chinthu chakuŵaŵa na chakukoma.—Do 29:18; Zi 5:4; Yer 9:15; Am 5:7.
Nkhanjo; kakhuni kakuthwa.
Kakuŵa kakhuni panji kachisulo kakuthwa ako mulimi wakujokolera ng’ombe para zikulima. Kakhuni kakuthwa kakuyaniskika na mazgu gha munthu wavinjeru agho ghakuchiska munthu kuti wapokelere ulongozgi. Mazgu ghakuti “kupafura kakhuni kakuthwa” ghakuyowoya za ng’ombe yamtafu iyo yikubafura kakhuni aka para mulimi wakuyijokora. Ng’ombe iyi para yakabafura kakhuni aka yikujipweteka yekha.—Mil 26:14; Ŵer 3:31.
Ntchimi.
Munthu uyo Chiuta wakuyowoyeramo khumbo lake. Ntchimi zikayowoyanga m’malo mwa Chiuta, zikayowoyanga ivyo vichitikenge munthazi kweniso kusambizga ŵanthu vya Yehova, malango ghake, na vyeruzgo vyake.—Am 3:7; 2Pe 1:21.
Ntharika.
Mazgu ghavinjeru panji nkhani yifupi iyo yili na sambiro lapadera panji kuyowoya fundo yakuzirwa mu mazgu ghachoko waka. Ntharika za mu Baibolo zikuyowoyeka nga ni mazgu ghakutindika panji chinthanguni. Ntharika kanandi zikuyowoyeka munthowa yakugelemba kweniso mwakudumura waka dee. Ntharika zinyake ŵanthu ŵakatemwanga chomene kuziyowoya para ŵakukhumba kunena panji kuyuyura ŵanthu ŵanyake.—Mu 12:9; 2Pe 2:22.
Nthenda yakofya.
Nthenda yiliyose iyo yikakaŵanga yayi kwambukira na kukoma ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene. Kanandi chikaŵanga chilango chakufuma kwa Chiuta.—Nu 14:12; Eze 38:22, 23; Am 4:10.
Nthowa.
Malemba ghakuyowoya lizgu ili kung’anamura kachitiro panji nkharo iyo Yehova wakukhumba panji wakutinkha. Ŵanthu ŵakanenanga ŵasambiri ŵa Yesu Khristu kuti mba “Nthowa,” ndiko kuti, umoyo wawo ukakolerananga na chipulikano chawo mwa Yesu Khristu. Ŵakalondezganga ivyo iyo wakachitanga.—Mil 19:9.
Nthukumusi.
Ni vinthu ivyo ŵakasazganga ku ufu uwo ŵakasa kuti utukumuke. Kanandi para Baibolo likuzunura vya nthukumusi likung’anamura kwananga. Likuyowoyaso za chinthu icho chabisika mukati, ndipo chikutukumuka mwaluŵiro.—Ek 12:20; Mt 13:33; Ga 5:9.
Nthunguli.
Kung’anamura mwanalume uyo watheneka. Ŵanalume awo ŵatheneka ŵakateŵeteranga mu nyumba ya themba, ndipo ŵakapweleleranga fumukazi panji ŵanakazi ŵanyake ŵa themba. Nduna za themba nazo zikapikangaso zina ili nangauli zikaŵanga zambura kuthena. Likuyowoyaso za munthu uyo wandanjire mu nthengwa chifukwa cha Ufumu.—Est 2:15; Mil 8:27; Mt 19:12.
Nyanja ya moto.
Baibolo likuti nyanja iyi ‘yikukugolera moto na sulefure.’ Nyanja iyi yiliko nadi yayi kweni yikwimira “nyifwa yachiŵiri.” Mu nyanja iyi muzamuponyeka ŵakwananga awo ŵakutondeka kung’anamuka mtima, Dyabulosi, nyifwa na Dindi (panji kuti Hadesi). Vilengiwa vyauzimu, nyifwa na Hadesi, ni vinthu vyakuti vingaphya na moto yayi. Lekani nyanja iyi ni malo ghakuyuzgirako ŵakwananga yayi, kweni yikwimira waka pharanyiko lamuyirayira.—Chiv 19:20; 20:14, 15; 21:8.
Nyenyezi ya mulenji.
—Wonani THONDWE.
Omeri.
Chakupimira vinthu vyakomira, chikuyana na malita 2.2, panji chimoza cha vigaŵa 10 vya efa. (Ek 16:16, 18)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Onike.
Libwe lakuzirwako, mtundu unonono chomene wa libwe la agate, panji libwe la kalakedoni la mitundu yinandinandi. Libwe la onike lili na mizere yituŵa yakunjilirana na mizere yifipa, yakhofi, yiswesi, yituwulufu, panji yakubiliŵira. Ŵakaŵikanga ku vyakuvwara vyapadera vya wasembe mukuru.—Ek 28:9, 12; 1Mi 29:2; Yob 28:16.
Paradiso.
Munda wakutowa, wakuwoneka nga ni malo ghawemi ghakuchezgerako. Paradiso wakwamba wakaŵa Edeni, munda uwo Yehova wakapangira ŵanthu ŵakwamba. Apo Yesu wakayowoyanga na vigeŵenga ivyo vikapayikika pamoza na iyo, wakalongora kuti charu chapasi chizamuŵa paradiso. Mazgu gha pa 2 Ŵakorinte 12:4, ghakwenera kuti ghakuyowoya vya paradiso wakunthazi, ndipo mazgu gha pa Chivumbuzi 2:7, ghakuyowoya vya paradiso wakuchanya.—Sum 4:13; Lu 23:43.
Paska.
Chiphikiro icho Ŵaisrayeli ŵakachitanga chaka chilichose pa zuŵa la 14 la mwezi wa Abibu (Nisani), kukumbukira zuŵa ilo ŵakawombokwera ku Eguputo. Pa zuŵa ili, ŵakakomanga mwana wa mberere (panji mbuzi) na kotcha, ndipo ŵakalyeranga mphangwe zakuŵaŵa na chingwa chambura nthukumusi.—Ek 12:27; Yoh 6:4; 1Ko 5:7.
Pentekoste.
Ichi chikaŵa chiphikiro chachiŵiri pa viphikiro vitatu vikuruvikuru ivyo ŵanalume Ŵachiyuda ŵakaphalirika kuti ŵachitenge mu Yerusalemu. Chiphikiro ichi chikuchemeka Pentekoste mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, kung’anamura “(Zuŵa) la 50.” Kweni mu Malemba Ghachihebere chikuchemeka Chiphikiro cha Vuna panji Chiphikiro cha Masabata. Chiphikiro ichi ŵakachitanga pa zuŵa la 50, ŵakapendanga kufuma pa Nisani 16.—Ek 23:16; 34:22; Mil 2:1.
Peresiya; Ŵaperesiya.
Charu kweniso ŵanthu awo kanandi ŵakuzunulikira pamoza na Ŵamedi, ndipo ŵakwenera kuti ŵakaŵa paubali. Kukwambilira chomene, Ŵaperesiya ŵakakhalanga kumwera chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa mapiri gha ku Iran. Mu nyengo ya Sayirasi Mukuru (uyo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakumanya vyakale ŵakuti wiske wakaŵa Muperesiya ndipo nyina wakaŵa Mumedi), Ŵaperesiya ŵakaŵa na mazaza chomene kuluska Ŵamedi, nangauli wose ŵakawusiranga lumoza. Sayirasi wakathereska Ufumu wa Ŵababuloni mu 539 B.C.E. ndipo wakazomerezga Ŵayuda awo ŵakaŵa ku wuzga kuti ŵawelere ku charu chawo. Ufumu wa Ŵaperesiya ukambira ku Mlonga wa Indus kumafumiro gha dazi m’paka ku Nyanja ya Aegean kumanjiliro gha dazi. Ŵayuda ŵakaŵa pasi pa Ŵaperesiya m’paka apo Alekizanda Mukuru wakathereskera Ŵaperesiya mu 331 B.C.E. Daniyeli wakawonerathu Ufumu wa Ŵaperesiya mu mboniwoni, ndipo ukuyowoyeka mu mabuku gha mu Baibolo gha Ezira, Nehemiya, na Esitere. (Ezr 1:1; Da 5:28)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B9.
Phangano.
Ni para Chiuta na ŵanthu panji ŵanthu ŵekhaŵekha ŵapangana kuchita panji kuleka kuchita chinthu chinyake. Nyengo zinyake phangano likakhumbanga kuti munthu yumoza ndiyo wachitepo kanthu. Kweni nyengo zinyake phangano likaŵanga lakuti ŵanthu ŵaŵiri ndiwo ŵachitepo kanthu. Baibolo likuyowoya za mapangano agho Chiuta wakachitanga na ŵanthu. Likuyowoyaso za mapangano agho ghakachitikanga pakati pa munthu na munthu munyake, fuko na fuko linyake, mtundu na mtundu unyake, gulu na gulu linyake. Mapangano ghakuzirwa chomene ni agho Chiuta wakachita na Abrahamu, Davide, mtundu wa Israyeli (phangano la Dango) na Israyeli wa Chiuta (phangano liphya).—Ge 9:11; 15:18; 21:27; Ek 24:7; 2Mi 21:7.
Pimu.
Libwe lakupimira kweniso mtengo uwo Ŵafilisiti ŵakatchajanga para munthu wakukhumba kunoreska viteŵetero vyachisulo. Malibwe ghanandi ghakupimira agho ŵanthu ŵakufukura vinthu vyapasi ŵali kughasanga mu Israyeli, pali kulembeka mazgu ghakuti “pimu.” Uzito wa libwe lililose pa avireji likaŵa magiramu 7.8, uwo ukuyana waka na vigaŵa viŵiri pa vigaŵa vitatu vya shekele.—1Sa 13:20, 21.
Porneia.
—Wonani UZAGHALI.
Purimu.
Chiphikiro icho chikachitikanga chaka na chaka pa zuŵa la 14 na 15 mu mwezi wa Adara. Pa chiphikiro ichi, Ŵayuda ŵakakumbukiranga nyengo iyo ŵakapona ku pharanyiko mu mazuŵa gha Fumukazi Esitere. Lizgu lakuti purimu likung’anamura “mphenduzga.” Chiphikiro cha Purimu panji kuti Chiphikiro cha Mphenduzga, chikapika zina ili chifukwa cha ivyo Hamani wakachita apo wakaponya Puri (Mphenduzga) kuti wasange zuŵa leneko lakuti waparanyire Ŵayuda.—Es 3:7; 9:26.
Pwantha; Malo ghakupwanthirapo.
Kupwantha nkhubura tirigu kuti mutoreko mphuzi na kufumiskako mwelero. Ivi vikachitikiranga pa malo ghakupwanthirapo. Pakupwantha ŵakatoranga khuni na kutimba tirigu, panji para ni vinandi chomene, ŵakaŵa na chinthu chinyake icho ŵakabuliranga, nga ni vimakhwiro ivyo vikaguzikanga na ng’ombe. Chinthu ichi ŵakachendeskanga pa tirigu uyo ŵakamuwunjikanga pa malo ghakupwanthirapo. Kanandi malo agha ghakaŵanga pachikwezga apo pakaŵanga mphepo yakuwuluskira mwelero.—Le 26:5; Yes 41:15; Mt 3:12.
Rahabi.
Zina ili likuzunulika mu mabuku gha Yobu, Masalimo, na Yesaya, kweni likung’anamura vinthu vinyake (ni Rahabi uyo wali mu buku la Joshuwa yayi). Nkhani ya mu buku la Yobu yikutovwira kumanya kuti Rahabi uyo wakuzunulika, ntchikoko cha mu nyanja. Kweni mu nkhani zinyake chikoko cha mu nyanja ichi chikwimira Eguputo.—Yob 9:13; Sa 87:4; Yes 30:7; 51:9, 10.
Sabata.
Lizgu ili lili kufuma ku lizgu Lachihebere ilo likung’anamura “kupumura; kuleka.” Ni zuŵa la 7 la sabata ya Ŵayuda (para dazi lanjira pa Chinkhondi m’paka pa Chisulo para dazi lanjira). Mazuŵa ghanyake gha viphikiro mukati mu chaka, kweniso chaka cha 7 na cha 50, nagho ghakachemekanga masabata. Pa zuŵa la Sabata, munthu waliyose wakagwiranga ntchito chara, kweni ŵasembe pera awo ŵakateŵetanga mu malo ghakupatulika. Mu vyaka ivyo vikaŵanga Sabata, charu chikalekekanga waka kwambura kulima ndipo Ŵayuda awo ŵakaŵa na ngongoli ku Ŵayuda ŵanyawo ŵakachichizgikanga yayi kuti ŵawezge. Mu Dango la Mozesi, vinthu ivyo vikakanizgikanga pa Sabata vikaŵa viwemi waka, kweni ŵalongozgi ŵa chisopa ŵakasazgirako vyawo, mwakuti kuzakafika mu nyengo ya Yesu vikaŵa vyakusuzga kuti ŵanthu ŵavilondezge.—Ek 20:8; Le 25:4; Lu 13:14-16; Kol 2:16.
Salimo.
Sumu ya kulumba Chiuta. Pakwimba masalimo ŵakaŵanga na vyakwimbira. Awo ŵakimbanga ŵakaŵa ŵanthu awo ŵakasopanga Yehova Chiuta, ndipo ŵakimbanga pa nyengo iyo wumba wose ukasopanga pa tempile lake ku Yerusalemu.—Lu 20:42; Mil 13:33; Yak 5:13.
Samariya.
Msumba uwo mu vyaka 200 ukaŵa likuru la ufumu wakumpoto wa mafuko 10 gha Israyeli, kweniso likaŵa zina la chigaŵa chose. Msumba uwu ukazengeka pa phiri ilo likachemekanga na zina lenelili. Mu nyengo ya Yesu, Samariya likaŵa zina la chigaŵa cha Romu icho chikaŵa pakati pa Galileya kumpoto na Yudeya kumwera. Kanandi Yesu wakapharazgangamo yayi mu chigaŵa ichi, kweni nyengo zinyake wakajumphangamo na kuyowoya na ŵanthu. Petrosi wakagwiliskira ntchito kiyi wachiŵiri wa Ufumu apo wakawovwira Ŵasamariya kupokera mzimu utuŵa. (1Ma 16:24; Yoh 4:7; Mil 8:14)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B10.
Sanihedirini.
Khoti likuru la Ŵayuda mu Yerusalemu. Mu nyengo ya Yesu, Sanihedirini yikaŵa na ŵanthu 71. Mukaŵa wasembe mukuru na ŵanyake awo nawo ŵakaŵapo ŵasembe ŵakuru. Mukaŵaso ŵanthu ŵakufuma mu nyumba za ŵasembe ŵakuru, ŵalara, ŵalongozgi ŵa mafuko na mbumba, na ŵalembi.—Mrk 15:1, mazgu ghamusi; Mil 5:34; 23:1, 6.
Satana.
Lizgu Lachihebere ilo likung’anamura “Wakususka.” Kanandi likuyowoya vya Satana Dyabulosi, Mulwani mukuru wa Chiuta.—Yob 1:6; Mt 4:10; Chiv 12:9.
Selah.
Lizgu ili ng’anamuro lake ndakusuzga, kweni likugwira ntchito pa nkhani ya sumu. Likusangika mu buku la Masalimo na Habakuku. Nyengo zinyake lingang’anamura na kuyimika dankha sumu panji vyakwimbira, panji vyose viŵiri, mwakuti ŵanthu ŵaghanaghanirepo dankha panji kuti mazgu agho ghimbika ghawoneke makora. Mu Septuagint Yachigiriki likulembeka di·aʹpsal·ma, kung’anamura “sumu yifupi.”—Sa 3:4; Hab 3:3.
Sembe.
Chinthu icho munthu wakupeleka kwa Chiuta pakukhumba kuwonga, kuzomera mulandu, panji kuwezgerapo ubwezi na iyo. Kwambira pa Abelu, ŵanthu ŵakapelekanga sembe zawanangwa zakupambanapambana, nga ni viŵeto. Ŵakalutilira kupeleka sembe izi m’paka apo phangano la Dango likazomerezgera kuti ŵanthu ŵapelekenge sembe izi. Yesu wakati wapeleka umoyo wake sembe, sembe za nyama zikaŵa zakukhumbikwaso yayi. Kweni Ŵakhristu ŵakupeleka sembe zauzimu kwa Chiuta.—Ge 4:4; Heb 13:15, 16; 1Yo 4:10.
Sembe ya chakumwa.
Vinyo ilo ŵakapunguliranga pa jotchero. Sembe iyi yikapelekekanga pamoza na zinyake. Paulosi wakayowoya kuti wakupungulika nga ni sembe yachakumwa kulongora kuti wakaŵa wakujipeleka pakuteŵetera ŵabali ŵake.—Maŵ 15:5, 7; Fil 2:17.
Sembe ya chilapo.
Sembe yawanangwa iyo munthu wakapelekanga para wachita chilapo.—Le 23:38; 1Sa 1:21.
Sembe yakotcha.
Nyama iyo ŵakawotchanga pa jotchero kuti yiŵe sembe kwa Chiuta. Mweneko uyo wakapelekanga nyama iyi (kwali ni ng’ombe, mberere, mbuzi, njiŵa, panji chiwunda) ŵakamusidirangako yayi. Ŵakayiwotchanga yose.—Ek 29:18; Le 6:9.
Sembe ya kuwonga.
Sembe iyo munthu wakapelekanga kuti walumbe Chiuta chifukwa cha ivyo wakumupa kweniso chifukwa cha chisungusungu chake. Ŵakaryanga nyama iyo yapelekeka ndiposo chingwa cha nthukumusi na chambura nthukumusi wuwo. Nyama ŵakeneranga kurya na kumara zuŵa leneliro.—2Mi 29:31.
Sembe yakuzungunya.
Pakupeleka sembe iyi, wasembe wakwenera kuti wakaŵikanga mawoko ghake kusi kwa mawoko gha munthu uyo wakakoleranga sembe iyo yikapelekekanga, ndipo wakaghazungunyanga uku na uku; panji wasembe ndiyo wakazungunyanga sembe iyi. Para ŵachita nthena ndikuti ŵapeleka sembe kwa Yehova.—Le 7:30.
Sembe ya kwananga.
Iyi ni sembe iyo munthu wakapelekanga para wananga mwangozi chifukwa chakuti tili ŵambura kufikapo. Ŵakapelekanga viŵeto vyakupambanapambana, kwali ni ng’ombe panji nkhunda, kuyana na udindo wa munthu kweniso umo munthu uyo ŵakumuphepiskira kwananga kwake wakusangira.—Le 4:27, 29; Heb 10:8.
Sembe ya mulandu.
Yikaŵa sembe iyo munthu wakapelekanga para wananga. Yikapambananga na sembe zinyake izo munthu wakapelekanga para wananga. Para wakwananga wang’anamuka mtima, sembe iyi yikawovwiranga kuti waŵeso na wanangwa uwo wangutaya chifukwa cha kwananga kwake, ndiposo kuti waleke kulangika.—Le 7:37; 19:22; Yes 53:10.
Sembe zawenenawene.
Munthu wakapelekanga sembe izi kwa Yehova kuti waŵe nayo pamtende. Awo ŵakaryanga nyama ya sembe iyi ni munthu uyo wapeleka sembe iyi pamoza na ŵamunyumba yake, kusazgapo wasembe uyo wateŵetanga pakupeleka sembe iyi na ŵasembe ŵanyake awo ŵamovwiranga. Yehova wakapokeranga sembe iyi chifukwa wakakondwanga na sungu la nyama iyo ŵakawotchanga. Pakuti ndopa zikwimira umoyo, nazo ŵakazipelekanga kwa iyo. Apa vikaŵanga nga kuti wasembe, mweneko uyo wapeleka sembe, na Yehova wose ŵakulyera lumoza chakurya. Ivyo vikalongoranga kuti pali mtende.—Le 7:29, 32; Do 27:7.
Sengwe.
Masengwe gha nyama ndigho ŵakamwerangamo, kuŵikamo mafuta, kuŵikamo inki, kweniso ŵakalizgiranga mbata. (1Sa 16:1, 13; 1Ma 1:39; Eze 9:2) “Sengwe” likung’anamuraso nkhongono panji kuthereska.—Do 33:17; Mik 4:13; Zek 1:19.
Seya.
Chakupimira vinthu vyakomira. Para tingachiyaniska na chipimo cha bati chakupimira vinthu vyamajimaji, chingakwana malita 7.33. (2Ma 7:1)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Shebati.
Ili ni zina ilo Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawerako ku wuzga ku Babuloni ŵakathya mwezi wa 11 pa kalendara yakupatulika Yachiyuda. Kweni ni mwezi wachinkhondi pa makalendara ghanyake. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Janyuwale na kumalira mukatikati mwa Febuluwale. (Zek 1:7)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Shekele.
Icho Ŵahebere ŵakapimiranga uzito na ndalama. Uzito wake ukuyana na magiramu 11.4. Ŵanthu ŵakatemwanga kuyowoya kuti “shekele la pa malo ghatuŵa” panyake pakukhumba kudidimizga fundo yakuti uzito wa vinthu ukwenera kuŵa wanadi panji kuti ukoleranenge na chakupimira icho chikaŵa pa chihema. Pakwenera kuti pakaŵa shekele lachifumu (lakupambana na shekele bweka) panji kuti chakupimira icho chikakhalanga pa nyumba ya themba.—Ek 30:13.
Sheminiti.
Lizgu ili likagwiranga ntchito pa vyakwimbakwimba ndipo likung’anamura “cha 8,” panji kuti yimbike mwapasipasi. Para likuyowoya za vyakwimbira, lizgu ili likwenera kuti likung’anamura vyakwimbira ivyo vili na besi. Para likuyowoya vya sumu, likwenera kuti likung’anamura kwimba sumu mwapasipasi kuyana na umo chakwimbira chikulizgikira.—1Mi 15:21; Sa 6:Mutu; 12:Mutu.
Sheole.
Lizgu Lachihebere ilo likuyana waka na Lachigiriki lakuti “Hadesi.” Lang’anamulika kuti “Dindi” (wa chilembo chikuru), kulongora kuti ni malaro gha ŵanthu, kuti ni dindi la munthu yumoza yayi.—Ge 37:35; Sa 16:10; Mil 2:31 (mazgu ghamusi).
Siriya; Ŵasiriya.
—Wonani ARAMU; ŴAARAMU.
Sivani.
Ili ni zina ilo Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawerako ku wuzga ku Babuloni ŵakathya mwezi wachitatu pa kalendara yakupatulika Yachiyuda, kweni ni mwezi wa 9 pa makalendara ghanyake. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Meyi na kumalira mukatikati mwa Juni. (Es 8:9)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Sumu Yakukwelera ku Msumba.
Mutu uwo uli pachanya pa Masalimo 120-134. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya vinthu vyakupambanapambana pa mazgu agha, kweni ŵanandi ŵakugomezga kuti masalimo 15 agha ŵakimba Mbaisrayeli ŵakukondwa apo ‘ŵakakweranga’ ku Yerusalemu, uyo wakaŵa pachanya pa mapiri gha Yuda, mwakuti ŵakaŵepo pa viphikiro vitatu vikuruvikuru ivyo vikachitikanga chaka chilichose kwenekura.
Sunagoge.
Lizgu ili likung’anamura “kuchemera pamoza; ungano,” kweni mu malemba ghanandi, likung’anamura nyumba panji malo agho Ŵayuda ŵakawungananga kuti ŵapulike para Malemba ghakuŵazgika, ŵasambizgike, ŵapokere upharazgi, na kupulika malurombo. Mu nyengo ya Yesu, mu tawuni yiliyose yikuruko mukaŵa sunagoge limoza, ndipo misumba yikuru yikaŵa na masunagoge ghakujumpha pa limoza.—Lu 4:16; Mil 13:14, 15.
Supa yasangalawe.
Tukaŵa tumabotolo twamafuta. Tumabotolo utu tukapangikanga na malibwe agho ghakasangikanga kufupi na Alabasitironi, ku Eguputo. Tumabotolo utu ŵakaŵikangapo chijaliro kuti mafuta ghaleke kuthika.—Mrk 14:3.
Suzgo yikuru.
Pa Chigiriki, lizgu ili likung’anamura kusuzgika, panji kutambura chifukwa cha chinthu chinyake. Yesu wakayowoya kuti mu Yerusalemu muzamuŵa suzgo yikuru. Wakayowoyaso kuti suzgo yinyake yikuru yizamuchitika munthazi ndipo yizamuwira ŵanthu wose. Ivi vizamuchitika apo iyo ‘wazamwiza mu uchindami wake.’ (Mt 24:21, 29-31) Paulosi wakalongosora kuti suzgo yikuru iyi yizamwiza pa “awo ŵakumumanya yayi Chiuta na awo ŵakuleka kupulikira makani ghawemi” ghakuyowoya vya Yesu Khristu. Pa Chivumbuzi 19, pakulongora kuti Yesu wakulongozga ŵankhondo ŵakuchanya awo ŵakurwa nkhondo na “chikoko na mathemba gha charu chapasi na ŵankhondo ŵawo.” (2Te 1:6-8; Chiv 19:11-21) “Mzinda ukuru” uzamupona pa suzgo iyi. (Chiv 7:9, 14)—Wonani ARAMAGEDONI.
Talente.
Chakupimira uzito na ndalama cha Ŵahebere icho chikaŵa chikuru chomene. Likaŵa makilogiramu 34.2. Talente Lachigiriki likaŵa lichoko, makilogiramu 20.4. (1Mi 22:14; Mt 18:24)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Tamuzi.
(1) Zina la ngoza uyo ŵanakazi ŵakugaluka Ŵachihebere ŵakamuliliranga mu Yerusalemu. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakusachizga kuti pakwamba, Tamuzi likaŵa themba ilo ŵanthu ŵakamba kulisopa likati lafwa. Mu vyakulembeka vya ku Sumeriya, Tamuzi wakuchemeka Dumuzi ndipo wakuyowoyeka kuti wakaŵa chibwezi cha Inana, chiuta mwanakazi wakuwuska mphapu (Ishitara wa Ŵababuloni). (Eze 8:14) (2) Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawera ku Babuloni, ili likaŵa zina la mwezi wachinayi pa kalendara yakupatulika Yachiyuda, ndipo ni mwezi wa 10 pa makalendara ghanyake. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Juni na kumalira mukatikati mwa Julayi.—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Tarishishi, ngalaŵa za.
Pakwamba, lizgu ili likayowoyanga vya ngalaŵa izo zikalutanga ku malo agho kale ghakachemekanga Tarishishi (lero ni Spain). Vikuwoneka kuti lizgu ili likamba kuyowoya vya ngalaŵa zose zikuruzikuru izo zikafiskanga kwenda mitunda yitali. Solomoni na Yehoshafati ŵakaŵa na ngalaŵa zanthena izi pakuchita malonda.—1Ma 9:26; 10:22; 22:48.
Tatarasi.
Mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, lizgu ili likuyowoya vya malo ghakuŵa nga ni jele umo ŵangelo ŵambura kupulikira mu nyengo ya Nowa ŵakaponyeka. Pa 2 Petrosi 2:4, mazgu ghakuti “wakaŵaponya mu Tatarasi,” ghakung’anamura kuti “ŵangelo awo ŵakananga” ŵakaponyeka mu Tatarasi uyo ŵanthu ŵambura kusopa ŵakuyowoya yayi, (uyo ŵakuti ni jele lakusi ku charu na malo ghachidima gha ŵachiuta ŵachokoŵachoko). Kweni mazgu agha ghakulongora kuti Chiuta wakaŵakhizga kuchanya kweniso pa maudindo ndipo wakaŵaŵika ku malo gha mdima kuti ŵaleke kumanya khumbo la Chiuta. Mdima ukulongoraso umaliro wawo, uwo Malemba ghakuti ni pharanyiko lamuyirayira pamoza na mulongozgi wawo, Satana Dyabulosi. Ntheura, lizgu lakuti Tatarasi likuyowoya vya kukhizgika kwa ŵangelo ŵakugaluka ŵara. Likupambana na “chizongwe” icho chikuyowoyeka pa Chivumbuzi 20:1-3.
Tebeti.
Ili ni zina ilo Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawerako ku wuzga ku Babuloni ŵakathya mwezi wa 10 pa kalendara yakupatulika Yachiyuda, kweni ni mwezi wachinayi pa makalendara ghanyake. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Disembala na kumalira mukatikati mwa Janyuwale. Kanandi ukuchemeka waka “mwezi wa 10.” (Es 2:16)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Tempile.
Chinyumba icho chikaŵa mu Yerusalemu icho chikanjira mu malo gha chihema kuŵa malo agho Ŵaisrayeli ŵakasoperangako. Tempile lakwamba wakazenga ni Solomoni ndipo likabwangandulika na Ŵababuloni. Lachiŵiri wakazenga ni Zerubabeli ŵakati ŵawera ku wuzga ku Babuloni ndipo pamanyuma likazengekaso na Herode Mukuru. Kanandi Malemba ghakuzunura tempile kuti waka “nyumba ya Yehova.” (Ezr 1:3; 6:14, 15; 1Mi 29:1; 2Mi 2:4; Mt 24:1)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B8 na B11.
Terafimu.
Ŵachiuta ŵa pa nyumba panji ŵangoza, nyengo zinyake ŵakawukwiranga. (Eze 21:21) Ŵanyake ŵakaŵanga ŵakuru kweniso ŵakuwoneka nga mbanthu, apo ŵanyake ŵakaŵa ŵachoko chomene. (Ge 31:34; 1Sa 19:13, 16) Ivyo ŵanthu ŵakufukura vya pasi ŵali kusanga ku Mesopotamiya, vikulongora kuti munthu uyo wakaŵanga na vikozgo vya terafimu ndiyo wakapokeranga chiharo pa mbumba yakwake. (Panyake ndicho chifukwa Rakelo wakibira terafimu wa awiske.) Kweni vikulongora kuti Ŵaisrayeli ŵakachitanga nthena yayi, nangauli mu nyengo ya ŵeruzgi kweniso mathemba ŵanthu ŵakaŵanga na ŵaterafimu pakusopa ŵangoza. Ndipo ivi vikaŵa vimoza mwa vinthu ivyo Themba Yosiya likaviparanya.—Ŵer 17:5; 2Ma 23:24; Ho 3:4.
Thete.
Lizgu ilo likuzunulika pakuyowoya za vyakumera vinandi ivyo vikumera mu malo ghamtika. Chakumera icho ŵakuyowoya mu malo ghanandi ntcha Arundo donax. (Yob 8:11; Yes 42:3; Mt 27:29; Chiv 11:1)—Wonani THETE LAKUPIMIRA.
Thete lakupimira.
Thete ili likaŵa litali mikono 6. Thete linyake likaŵa mamita 2.67 (mafiti 8.75) ndipo linyake likaŵa mamita 3.11 (mafiti 10.2). (Eze 40:3, 5; Chiv 11:1)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B14.
Thondwe.
Zina linyake ni ‘nyenyezi ya mulenji.’ Ni nyenyezi iyo yikufuma chakumatandakucha. Yikulongora kuti zuŵa lili pafupi kufuma.—Chiv 22:16; 2Pe 1:19.
Thumba lachikumba.
Botolo lakuŵikamo vinyo, lakupangika na vikumba vya nyama, nga mbuzi panji mberere. Vinyo ŵakaliŵikanga mu vikumba viphya, chifukwa para likulura panji kuti kusasa, likufumiska mphepo izo zikutukumuska mabotolo. Vikumba viphya vikunyurumphuka, kweni vyakale vikuphumuka waka.—Jos 9:4; Mt 9:17.
Tishiri.
—Wonani ETANIMU na Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Ubatizo; Batiza.
Likung’anamura “kubizga” mu maji. Yesu wakaphalira ŵalondezgi ŵake kuti ŵabatizikenge. Baibolo likuyowoyaso za ubatizo wa Yohane, kubatizika na mzimu utuŵa, kweniso kubatizika na moto.—Mt 3:11, 16; 28:19; Yoh 3:23; 1Pe 3:21.
Uchimi.
Uthenga uwo munthu wapokera mwa mzimu, kwali kuti wavumbure khumbo la Chiuta panji walipharazge. Uchimi ungaŵa wa kusambizga nkharo, kupeleka dango panji cheruzgo, panji kupharazga chinthu icho chizenge.—Eze 37:9, 10; Da 9:24; Mt 13:14; 2Pe 1:20, 21.
Ufumu wa Chiuta.
Mazgu agha ghakuyowoya vya boma la Chiuta, ilo lapika kwa Mwana wake, Khristu Yesu.—Mt 12:28; Lu 4:43; 1Ko 15:50.
Ukaboni.
Kanandi lizgu lakuti “Ukaboni” likuyowoya vya Malango Khumi agho ghakalembeka pa malibwe ghapapati ghaŵiri agho ghakapelekeka kwa Mozesi.—Ek 31:18.
Ukotoli.
Kukotora nkhudumura kachikumba kakubenekelera kunthazi kwa nkhule ya mwanalume. Ili likaŵa dango kwa Abrahamu na mphapu yake yose. Kweni Ŵakhristu ŵakukhumbikwira kulondezga dango ili yayi. Mu malemba ghanyake, mazgu agha ghakung’anamura kudumura kwanadi yayi.—Ge 17:10; 1Ko 7:19; Fil 3:3.
Ukwakwa.
Pa Chigiriki, lizgu ili (a·selʹgei·a) likuyowoya za nkharo ziheni izo zikususkana na malango gha Chiuta. Awo ŵali na nkharo zanthena, ŵakulondezga malango yayi, kweniso ŵakudelera ŵamazaza. Lizgu lakuti ukwakwa likuyowoya za maubudi ghachokoghachoko yayi.—Ga 5:19; 2Pe 2:7.
Uleŵi.
Para munthu wakutora panji wakutengwa wakugonana na munthu uyo wandatorane nayo.—Ek 20:14; Mt 5:27; 19:9.
Umaliro wa charu ichi.
Ni nyengo iyo yikulongozgera ku umaliro wa charu ichi, panji vyakuchitika vya mu charu ichi ivyo mulongozgi wake ni Satana. Nyengo ya umaliro iyi, yikamba apo Khristu wakawonekera. Yesu wazamutuma ŵangelo kuti ‘ŵapature ŵaheni kufuma pa ŵarunji,’ na kuŵaparanya. (Mt 13:40-42, 49) Ŵasambiri ŵa Yesu ŵakakhumbanga kumanya vya nyengo yaumaliro iyi. (Mt 24:3) Pambere Yesu wandakwelere kuchanya wakalayizga ŵalondezgi ŵake kuti waŵenge nawo m’paka paumaliro wa nyengo iyo.—Mt 28:20.
Ungano.
Ni para gulu la ŵanthu lawungana pamoza apo pali chakuchitika. Mu Malemba Ghachihebere, lizgu ili kanandi likuyowoya za viphikiro ivyo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakachitanga kuti ŵasope Chiuta panji para mtundu wose ukupeleka sembe.—Do 16:8; 1Ma 8:5.
Urimu na Tumimu.
Vinthu ivyo wasembe mukuru wakagwiliskiranga ntchito kuti wamanye khumbo la Chiuta para pawuka nkhani yakuzirwa iyo yikukhumbikwira kuti Yehova wayowoyepo. Wakavigwiliskiranga ntchito nga umo wakachitiranga na mphenduzga. Urimu na Tumimu vikaŵikikanga mukati mwa chakuvwara chapanganga cha wasembe mukuru para wakunjira mu chihema. Vinthu ivi vikuwoneka kuti vikaleka kugwiliskirika ntchito apo Ŵababuloni ŵakabwangandura Yerusalemu.—Ek 28:30; Ne 7:65.
Urunji.
Mu Malemba, lizgu ili likuyowoya vya chinthu icho chikukolerana na fundo za Chiuta pa icho ntchakwenelera na chakubudika.—Ge 15:6; Do 6:25; Zi 11:4; Zef 2:3; Mt 6:33.
Uteŵeti wakupatulika.
Mulimo panji ntchito yakupatulika, iyo yikukhwaskana na kusopa Chiuta pera.—Ro 12:1; Chiv 7:15.
Uzaghali.
Lizgu ili lili kufuma ku lizgu Lachigiriki (por·neiʹa) ndipo likuyowoya vya kugonana kose kwambura kuzomerezgeka. Likuyowoya vya uleŵi, uhule, kugonana kwa ŵanthu ŵambura kutorana, kugonana kwa ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha, na kugona chinyama. Buku la Chivumbuzi likuyowoya vya hule la chisopa lakuchemeka “Babuloni Mukuru” chifukwa chakuti chisopa chikwendezgana na mafumu gha charu ichi pakukhumba mazaza na usambazi. (Chiv 14:8; 17:2; 18:3; Mt 5:32; Mil 15:29; Ga 5:19)—Wonani HULE.
Vingwa vyakulongora.
—Wonani CHINGWA CHAKULONGORA.
Vipambi vyakwamba.
Vipambi vyakwamba kucha pa nyengo ya kuvuna. Vinthu vyose vyakwamba. Yehova wakakhumbanga kuti mtundu wa Israyeli umupenge vipambi vyakwamba. Kwali ni mwana wa munthu, chakuŵeta, panji chipambi chilichose. Ŵaisrayeli ŵakapelekanga vipambi vyakwamba kwa Chiuta pa nyengo ya Chiphikiro cha Vingwa Vyambura Nthukumusi na pa Pentekoste. Lizgu lakuti “chipambi chakwamba” likuyowoyaso za Khristu na ŵalondezgi ŵake ŵakuphakazgika.—1Ko 15:23; Maŵ 15:21; Zinth 3:9; Chiv 14:4.
Viŵanda.
Ŵangelo ŵakugaluka awo mbankhongono chomene kuluska ŵanthu. Pa Genizesi 6:2, ŵakuchemeka “ŵana ŵa Chiuta waunenesko.” Pa Yuda 6 ŵakuchemeka “ŵangelo.” Ŵangelo aŵa ŵakalengeka ŵaheni yayi, kweni ŵakajizgora ŵekha kuŵa ŵalwani ŵa Chiuta. Mu nyengo ya Nowa ŵakagalukira Yehova na kukolerana na Satana.—Do 32:17; Lu 8:30; Mil 16:16; Yak 2:19.
Vyakununkhira.
Vikafumanga ku makuni na vivwati vinyake. Para ŵawotcha vikanunkhiranga makora. Ndivyo ŵakaŵikangako para ŵakupeleka vyakununkhira vyakupatulika ivyo ŵakapelekanga pa chihema na pa tempile. Ŵakapelekeranga pamoza na sembe ya vyamuminda. Ndipo ŵakaŵikanga mu mzere uliwose wa chingwa chakulongora mukati mwa Malo Ghakupatulika. (Ek 30:34-36; Le 2:1; 24:7; Mt 2:11) Vyakununkhira vinyake vikagoleranga pachokopachoko ndipo vikapelekanga sungu liwemi chomene. Vyakununkhira vinayi ŵakavipanganga kuti viŵe pa chihema na pa tempile. Vyakununkhira ivi ŵakaviwotchanga pa jotchero mulenji na usiku mu Malo Ghatuŵa. Ndipo pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska ŵakaviwotchanga mu Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene. Vikalongoranga kuti Chiuta wapokelera malurombo gha ŵateŵeti ŵake ŵakugomezgeka. Ŵakhristu ŵakaphalirikapo yayi kuchita nthena.—Ek 30:34, 35; Le 16:13; Chiv 5:8.
Vyakupanira.
Viteŵetero vyakupangika na golide, ivyo panyake vikuyanako na mbano, ivyo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito mu chihema kweniso mu tempile pakuzimwiska moto wa nyali.—Ek 37:23.
Vyakuzimwiskira.
Vikaŵanga vinthu vyagolide panji mkuŵa ivyo ŵakazimwiskiranga moto pa tempile.—2Ma 25:14.
Vyamizimu.
Chigomezgo chakuti mizimu ya ŵanthu ŵakufwa njamoyo ndipo yikudumbiskana na ŵanthu ŵamoyo, chomenechomene kwizira mwa munthu (ng’anga) uyo wakulongozgeka na mizimu iyo. Lizgu Lachigiriki (phar·ma·kiʹa) ilo lili kung’anamulika kuti “kuchita vyamizimu” likung’anamura “vyaminkhwala.” Lizgu ili likamba kugwira ntchito pa vyamizimu chifukwa chakuti kale ŵanthu ŵakatheteleranga na minkhwala para ŵakukhumba viŵanda viŵawovwire kuti ŵachite masalamusi.—Ga 5:20; Chiv 21:8.
Vyankhondo.
Ni ivyo ŵasilikari ŵakavwaranga, nga ni chisoti, chakuvikilira pa chifuŵa, lamba, vyakuvikilira malundi, na chiskango.—1Sa 31:9; Efe 6:13-17.
Vyawanangwa vyalusungu.
Vyawanangwa ivyo ŵakapelekanga kuti viwovwire ŵakavu. Mu Malemba Ghachihebere vikuzunurika mwakudunjika yayi, kweni Dango likatenge Ŵaisrayeli ŵawovwirenge ŵanyawo awo mbakavu.—Mt 6:2.
Vyoni; Wavyoni.
Iyi ni nthenda iyo yikukora pa chikumba cha munthu. Vyoni ivyo vikuzunulika mu Baibolo vikakoranga ŵanthu, kweniso vikakoranga vinthu nga ni vyakuvwara na nyumba. Munthu uyo wasangika na nthenda ya vyoni ŵakamuchemanga kuti wavyoni.—Le 14:54; Lu 5:12.
Ŵa chipani cha Herode.
—Wonani ŴAKULONDEZGA CHIPANI CHA HERODE.
Ŵaepikuro.
Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakalondezganga Epikuro uyo wakasambira vinjeru vya Ŵagiriki (341-270 B.C.E.). Ŵakagomezganga fundo yakuti chinthu chakuzirwa chomene ntchakuti munthu wakondwenge.—Mil 17:18.
Ŵafarisi.
Gulu lakumanyikwa chomene mu chisopa Chachiyuda ilo likaŵako mu nyengo ya Yesu na ŵapositole. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakafuma mu mphapu ya usembe yayi, kweni ŵakalondezganga chomene Dango nanga pangaŵa pa tunthu tuchoko chomene. Ŵakachindikangaso chomene tumaluso uto ŵachita kuphalirika waka. (Mt 23:23) Ŵakatinkhananga na vyakuti ŵanthu ŵatolerenge maluso gha Ŵagiriki. Ŵakaŵa na mazaza chomene pa ŵanthu, chifukwa chakuti ŵakalisambira chomene Dango kweniso maluso gha ŵapapi ŵawo. (Mt 23:2-6) Ŵafarisi ŵanyake ŵakaŵaso mu Sanihedirini. Kanandi ŵakasuskanga Yesu pa nkhani ya kusunga Sabata, maluso gha ŵanthu ŵakale, na kwendezgana na ŵakwananga kweniso ŵakusonkheska msonkho. Ŵanyake ŵakazgoka Ŵakhristu, nga umo wakachitira Saulosi wa ku Taraso.—Mt 9:11; 12:14; Mrk 7:5; Lu 6:2; Mil 26:5.
Ŵakerubi.
Ŵangelo ŵa udindo wapachanya ndipo ŵakuchita milimo yapadera. Ŵakupambana na Ŵaserafi.—Ge 3:24; Ek 25:20; Yes 37:16; Heb 9:5.
Wakugaluka.
Pa Chigiriki, lizgu ili (a·po·sta·siʹa) likung’anamura “kuwukako ku.” Likung’anamuraso “kusida, kuleka panji kufumako.” Mu Baibolo, mazgu ghakuti “ŵakugaluka” ghakung’anamura ŵanthu awo ŵaleka kusopa kwaunenesko.—Zi 11:9; Mil 21:21; 2Te 2:3.
Wakukana Khristu.
Pa Chigiriki mazgu agha ghakung’anamura vinthu viŵiri. Ghakung’anamura kukana panji kususka Khristu. Ghakung’anamuraso Khristu mutesi, uyo wakujizgora kuti ni Khristu. Ŵakukana Khristu ni ŵanthu wose (mawupu, magulu) awo ŵakuti ŵakwimira Khristu panji awo ŵakujichema kuti Mbamesiya ndiposo awo ŵakususka Khristu na ŵasambiri ŵake.—1Yo 2:22.
Ŵakulondezga chipani cha Herode.
Ŵakumanyikwaso kuti ŵalondezgi ŵa Herode. Kakaŵa kagulu ka ŵanthu awo ŵakakolerananga na fundo za Herode pasi pa ufumu wa Ŵaroma. Ŵasaduki ŵanyake ŵakaŵa mu chipani ichi. Ŵalondezgi ŵa Herode ŵakakolerana na Ŵafarisi pakususka Yesu.—Mrk 3:6.
Wakulongozga sumu.
Mu buku la Masalimo, lizgu ili likuyowoya za munthu uyo wakulemba sumu na kulongozga pakwimba. Wakasambizganga na kuŵalongozga Ŵalevi pakwimba. Mu mabaibolo ghanyake mazgu agha ghakulembeka kuti, “wakwimba mulara.”—Sa 4:Mutu; Sa 5:Mutu.
Wakuloska.
Ni uyo wakuti wakuyowoya ivyo vichitikenge munthazi. Baibolo likuti ng’anga, ŵakuchita vyamizimu, na ŵakumanya vya nyenyezi ŵali mu gulu la ŵakuloska.—Le 19:31; Do 18:11; Mil 16:16.
Wakumanya vya nyenyezi.
Munthu uyo wakusanda umo zuŵa, mwezi, na nyenyezi vikwendera kuti waloske vyakunthazi.—Da 2:27; Mt 2:1.
Wakung’anamukira ku Chiyuda.
Wakuphenduka. Mu Malemba, uyu wakaŵa munthu uyo wakanjiranga Chiyuda, ndipo para ni mwanalume wakeneranga kukotoleka.—Mt 23:15; Mil 13:43.
Ŵalinda ŵa mu Pretoriyo.
Ili likaŵa gulu la ŵasilikari Ŵachiroma ilo likalindanga themba Lachiroma. Gulu ili likazakaŵa na nkhongono mwakuti likawovwiranga panji kuwuskapo mathemba.—Fil 1:13, mazgu ghamusi.
Ŵamanyi malango.
Mu ufumu wa Babuloni, aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵantchito awo ŵakamanyanga malango ndipo ŵakaŵanga na chigaŵa icho ŵakaŵanga na mazaza. Mu ufumu wa Ŵaroma, ŵamanyi malango ndiwo ŵakalaŵiliranga milimo ya charu. Milimo yawo yikaŵa kusungiska mtende, kulongosora vyachuma, kweruzga awo ŵaswa malango na kuŵalanga.—Da 3:2; Mil 16:20.
Ŵamedi; Mediya.
Mphapu ya Madayi mwana wa Yafeti. Ŵakakhalanga mu chigaŵa cha mapiri gha ku Iran icho pamasinda chikaŵa charu cha Mediya. Ŵamedi ŵakakolerana na Ŵababuloni pakuthereska charu cha Asiriya. Pa nyengo iyi, Peresiya chikaŵa chigaŵa cha Mediya, kweni Sayirasi wakagaluka. Pamasinda, Mediya wakakolerana na Peresiya kupanga ufumu uwo ukamanyikwanga kuti Ufumu wa Ŵamedi na Ŵaperesiya. Ufumu uwu ndiwo ukathereska ufumu wa Babuloni mu 539 B.C.E. Ŵamedi ŵanyake ŵakaŵa mu Yerusalemu pa Pentekoste wa mu 33 C.E. (Da 5:28, 31; Mil 2:9)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B9.
Ŵana ŵa Aroni.
Mphapu ya Aroni muzukuru wa Levi, uyo wakasoleka kuŵa wasembe mukuru wakwamba pasi pa Dango la Mozesi. Ŵana ŵa Aroni ŵakachitanga milimo yawo yausembe pa chihema kweniso pa tempile.—1Mi 23:28.
Ŵanefili.
Ŵana ŵankhaza awo ŵangelo ŵakugaluka ŵakababirana na ŵana ŵanakazi ŵa ŵanthu pambere Chigumula chindize.—Ge 6:4.
Ŵanetinimu.
Ŵakaŵa ŵateŵeti ŵa pa tempile, kweni ŵakaŵa Ŵaisrayeli yayi. Lizgu ili mu Chihebere likung’anamura “Ŵakupelekeka,” kulongora kuti ŵakapelekeka kuti ŵateŵetenge pa tempile. Vikulongora kuti Ŵanetinimu ŵanandi ŵakafuma mu mphapu ya Ŵagibiyoni awo Joshuwa wakaŵazgora ‘ŵakuthenya nkhuni na ŵakuteka maji, kupeleka ku wumba wose na ku jotchero la Yehova.’—Jos 9:23, 27; 1Mi 9:2; Ezr 8:17.
Ŵangelo.
Pa Chihebere (mal·ʼakhʹ) na pa Chigiriki (agʹge·los), lizgu ili likung’anamura “thenga.” (Ge 16:7; 32:3; Yak 2:25; Chiv 22:8) Ŵangelo mbankhongono chomene. Ndiwo Chiuta wakadankha kulenga pambere wandalenge ŵanthu. Mu Baibolo ŵakuchemekaso “ŵatuŵa vikwi na vikwi,” “ŵana ŵa Chiuta” ndiposo “nyenyezi zamulenji.” (Do 33:2; Yob 1:6; 38:7) Ŵakalengeka kuti ŵababanenge yayi, mungelo waliyose wakalengeka payekha. Pali ŵangelo ŵakujumpha 100 miliyoni. Baibolo likuti ŵangelo ŵali na mazina ndipo waliyose wali na mikhaliro yake. Kweni ŵakukana kusopeka. Ndipo ŵanandi ŵakukana kuyowoya mazina ghawo. (Ge 32:29; Lu 1:26; Chiv 22:8, 9) Ŵali na maudindo ghakupambanapambana na milimo yakupambanapambana. Ŵanyake ŵakuteŵetera pa chitengo cha Yehova, kupeleka uthenga wa Chiuta, na kovwira ŵateŵeti ŵa Chiuta pa charu chapasi. Ŵakupeleka cheruzgo cha Chiuta na kovwira pa mulimo wa kupharazga makani ghawemi. (2Ma 19:35; Sa 34:7; Lu 1:30, 31; Chiv 5:11; 14:6) Munthazi ŵazamovwirana na Yesu kurwa nkhondo ya Aramagedoni.—Chiv 19:14, 15.
Ŵasaduki.
Gulu lakumanyikwa mu chisopa Chachiyuda. Mu gulu ili mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵasambazi na ŵamaudindo kweniso ŵasembe awo ŵakaŵa na mazaza ghakuru pa ivyo vikachitikanga pa tempile. Ŵakakananga maluso ghanandi agho Ŵafarisi ŵakaphalirika pamulomo kweniso vinthu vinyake ivyo Ŵafarisi ŵakagomezganga. Ŵakagomezganga yayi vyakuti ŵanthu ŵakufwa ŵazamuwuka panji vyakuti kuli ŵangelo. Ŵakasuskanga Yesu.—Mt 16:1; Mil 23:8.
Ŵasamariya.
Lizgu ili pakwamba likayowoyanga vya Ŵaisrayeli awo ŵakakhalanga mu ufumu wakumpoto wa mafuko 10. Kweni Ŵaasiriya ŵakati ŵathereska Samariya mu 740 B.C.E., likamba kuyowoyekaso ku ŵalendo awo Ŵaasiriya ŵakiza nawo na kuŵakhazika mwenemumo. Mu nyengo ya Yesu, zina ili kanandi likaŵa la ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa mu gulu la chisopa ilo likakhalanga cha ku Shekemu na Samariya. Awo ŵakaŵa mu gulu ili ŵakaŵa na vigomezgo ivyo vikaŵa vyakupambana na vya Chiyuda.—Yoh 8:48.
Wasembe (Musofi).
Munthu uyo wakimiranga Chiuta ku ŵanthu awo wakaŵateŵeteranga. Wakaŵasambizganga vya Chiuta na malango ghake. Ŵasembe ŵakimirangaso ŵanthu pamaso pa Chiuta, ŵakapelekanga sembe kweniso kulomba na kuŵeyelera mu malo gha ŵanthu. Pambere Dango la Mozesi lindaŵeko, mutu wa mbumba ndiyo wakaŵanga wasembe panji kuti musofi pa nyumba yake. Dango la Mozesi likati lafika, ŵanalume ŵakufuma mwa Aroni, ŵa fuko la Levi ndiwo ŵakaŵanga ŵasembe. Ŵalevi ŵanyawo wose ŵakaŵavwiranga waka. Pakujulira phangano liphya, Israyeli wauzimu ndiyo wakazgoka mtundu wa ŵasembe, ndipo Yesu Khristu ndiyo wakaŵa Wasembe Mukuru.—Ek 28:41; Heb 9:24; Chiv 5:10.
Wasembe mukuru (Musofi mukuru).
Mu Dango la Mozesi, wasembe mukuru ndiyo wakimiranga ŵanthu kwa Chiuta kweniso ndiyo wakalongozganga ŵasembe ŵanyake. Wakuchemekaso kuti “mulara wa ŵasembe.” (2Mi 26:20; Ezr 7:5) Ndiyo yekha wakazomerezgekanga kunjira mu Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene, mu chipinda chamukati chomene cha chihema chakukumanamo na cha tempile. Wakanjirangamo pa Zuŵa la Mphepiska pera. Mazgu ghakuti “wasembe mukuru” ghakuyowoyaso vya Yesu Khristu.—Le 16:2, 17; 21:10; Mt 26:3; Heb 4:14.
Ŵaserafi.
Ŵangelo awo ŵakuzingilizga chitengo cha Yehova kuchanya. Lizgu Lachihebere (sera·phim’) likung’anamura “ŵakugolera.”—Yes 6:2, 6.
Ŵastoyiki.
Gulu la Ŵagiriki ŵakusambira vinjeru vya charu awo ŵakagomezganga kuti munthu wakuŵa wakukondwa para wakughanaghanirapo dankha pa vinthu kweniso wakuchita ivyo mtima wake ukukhumba. Ŵakatenge munthu wavinjeru nadi, vyakuŵinya panji vyakukondweska wakuŵa navyo na ntchito yayi.—Mil 17:18.
Ŵeruzgi.
Aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵanalume awo Yehova wakaŵasankha kuti ŵaponoske ŵanthu ŵake mu nyengo iyo Ŵaisrayeli ŵakaŵavya themba.—Ŵer 2:16.
Wuzga.
Ŵanthu awo ŵatoleka kufuma mu charu chawo na kuluta nawo ku charu chinyake. Kanandi vikachitikanga para ŵathereskeka pa nkhondo. Lizgu Lachihebere likung’anamura kuwukapo. Ŵaisrayeli ŵakalutapo ku wuzga kaŵiri kose. Ufumu wakumpoto wa mafuko 10 ukatolekera ku wuzga na Ŵasiriya, ndipo pamasinda ufumu wakumwera wa mafuko ghaŵiri ukatolekera ku wuzga na Ŵababuloni. Ŵaisrayeli wose awo ŵakapona ku wuzga ŵakawelera kwawo apo Sayirasi themba la Peresiya likati ŵawelere kwawo.—2Ma 17:6; 24:16; Ezr 6:21.
Yakhobe.
Mwana wa Yisake na Rabeka. Pamanyuma Chiuta wakamupa zina lakuti Israyeli. Wakazakaŵa sekuru wa ŵanthu ŵa Israyeli (ŵakachemekangaso Ŵaisrayeli, pamanyuma Ŵayuda). Yakhobe wakababa ŵana ŵanalume 12, awo ŵakapanga mafuko 12 gha mtundu wa Israyeli. Zina lakuti Yakhobe likimirangaso mtundu panji ŵanthu ŵa Israyeli.—Ge 32:28; Mt 22:32.
Yedutuni.
Lizgu ili ng’anamuro lake likumanyikwa yayi. Likusangika pa mutu uwo uli pa Salimo 39, 62, na 77. Mazgu agha ghakulongora kuti ni ulongozgi pa kwimba sumu. Panji ghakung’anamura umo munthu wangimbira panji kulizgira chakwimbira. Pakaŵaso Mulevi wakwimba uyo zina lake likaŵa Yedutuni.
Yehova.
Vilembo vinayi Vyachihebere vya zina la Chiuta, mu Chitumbuka vili kung’anamulika kuti Yehova. Mu Baibolo ili, zina ili likusangika pa malo ghakujumpha 7,000.—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo A4 na A5.
Yuda.
Mwana wachinayi wa Yakhobe uyo wakababa mwa Leya. Apo Yakhobe wakaŵa pafupi kufwa, wakati mu mphapu ya Yuda muzamufuma fumu yikuru iyo yizamulamulira kwamuyirayira. Yesu wakababikira mu mbumba ya Yuda. Zina ili likapikaso ku fuko, kweniso pamasinda likaŵa zina la ufumu. Ufumu wakumwera ndiwo ukachemekanga na zina ili, ndipo ufumu uwu ukaŵa wa fuko la Yuda na Benjamini kusazgaposo ŵasembe na Ŵalevi. Yuda chikaŵa chigaŵa chakumwera kusazgapo Yerusalemu na tempile.—Ge 29:35; 49:10; 1Ma 4:20; Heb 7:14.
Yufurate.
Mlonga utali ndiposo wakuzirwa chomene uwo uli kumwera kwa Asia. Ngumoza mwa milonga yiŵiri ya ku Mesopotamiya. Pa Genizesi 2:14 ukuzunulika pa gulu la milonga yinayi iyo yikaŵa mu Edeni. Kanandi ukuchemeka waka kuti Mlonga. (Ge 31:21) Ukaŵa mphaka ya kumpoto kwa charu cha Israyeli. (Ge 15:18; Chiv 16:12)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B2.
Zeusi.
Chiuta mulara wa Ŵagiriki, awo ŵakasopanga ŵachiuta ŵanandi. Ŵanthu ŵa mu Lisitira, ŵakaghanaghananga kuti Baranaba ni Zeusi. Vyakulembeka vyakale ivyo vili kusangika kufupi na Lisitira vikuyowoyapo vya “ŵasembe ŵa Zeusi” na “Zeusi chiuta wa dazi.” Ngalaŵa iyo Paulosi wakakwera kufuma ku chirwa cha Melita yikaŵa na chimanyikwiro cha “Ŵana ŵa Zeusi,” ndiko kuti, ŵanyamata ŵamleza, Castor na Pollux.—Mil 14:12; 28:11.
Zivi.
Ili likaŵa zina lakwamba la mwezi wachiŵiri pa kalendara yakupatulika Yachiyuda, ndipo ni mwezi wa 8 pa makalendara ghanyake. Mwezi uwu ukambanga mukatikati mwa Epulero na kumalira mukatikati mwa Meyi. Ukuchemeka na zina lakuti Iyara mu Talmud ya Ŵayuda na mabuku ghanyake agho ghakalembeka Ŵayuda ŵakati ŵawerako ku wuzga ku Babuloni. (1Ma 6:37)—Wonani Vyakusazgirapo B15.
Ziyoni; Phiri la Ziyoni.
Zina la msumba wa malinga wa Yebusi uwo ukaŵa pa kaphiri ka kumwera chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa Yerusalemu. Davide wakati wapoka msumba uwu, wakazengapo nyumba yake, ndipo ukamba kuchemeka “Msumba wa Davide.” (2Sa 5:7, 9) Ziyoni likazgoka phiri lakupatulika kwa Yehova, chomene apo Davide wakiza na Likasa kwenekura. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, ŵanthu ŵakamba kuchema Phiri la Moriya apo pakaŵa tempile kuti Ziyoni, kweniso nyengo zinyake ŵakanenanga msumba wose wa Yerusalemu. Mu Malemba Ghachigiriki, zina ili kanandi likwimira waka chinthu chinyake.—Sa 2:6; 1Pe 2:6; Chiv 14:1.
Zombe.
Ni mphazi izo zikwenda mu magulu. Dango la Mozesi likazomerezganga kurya zombe. Zombe likaryanga vyakumera vyose ivyo lavisanga ndipo uko kwawa zombe kukaŵanga njara.—Ek 10:14; Mt 3:4.
Zuŵa la Cheruzgo.
Ni zuŵa panji nyengo iyo Chiuta wazamweruzgira gulu la ŵanthu, mitundu, panji munthu waliyose. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵazamweruzgika pa zuŵa la cheruzgo, ŵazamupika chilango cha nyifwa, ndipo awo vizamuŵayendera makora ŵazamuŵa ŵamoyo muyirayira. Yesu Khristu na ŵapositole ŵake ŵakayowoyapo za “Zuŵa la Cheruzgo” ilo likwiza, ilo kuzamuŵa cheruzgo cha waliyose, ŵamoyo na awo ŵali kufwa.—Mt 12:36.
Zuŵa la Mphepiska.
Pa mazuŵa ghakupatulika gha Ŵaisrayeli, ili ndilo likaŵa zuŵa lakuzirwa chomene, ndipo likachemekangaso kuti Yomu Kipuri (kufuma ku mazgu Ghachihebere (yohm hak·kip·pu·rimʹ,) agho ghakung’anamura “zuŵa lakubenekelelera”). Zuŵa ili ŵakalikumbukiranga pa 10 mu mwezi wa Etanimu. Zuŵa ili ndilo lekha ilo wasembe mukuru wakanjiliranga mu Malo Ghatuŵa Chomene gha chihema chakukumanamo. Wasembe mukuru wakapelekanga ndopa za sembe m’malo mwa zakwananga zake, zakwananga za Ŵalevi ŵanyake, na zakwananga za ŵanthu wose. Yikaŵanga nyengo ya ungano wakupatulika, kweniso Ŵaisrayeli ŵakaziŵizganga kurya. Yikaŵangaso nyengo ya sabata ndipo munthu wakagwiranga ntchito yayi.—Le 23:27, 28.
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