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145 members3471 Comments 27 Favorites
Hi thar,Robyn,
We gotta become friends! Are you east or west of Annie Glidden Road?
(Hit the "accept" when the message for "friend " shows.)
I soooo KNOW DeKalb...and 'love it...and miss it. Yep, me a grad of NIU!
(and what am I doing in Greece coming out of them thar cornfields?)
;-)
sending you a forest zombie!
i'll be posting it tonight once i finish up the backside!
got my todo list in the mail today!
thanks!
hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi
;-D
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31
Filip. 3:14
Heb. 4:14-15
5:5,10
Vharathu vhanga, ni vhakhethwa vha Mudzimu, no vhidzelwa zwa ngei ṱaḓulu, ndi zwone, mihumbulo yaṋu kha i dzule yo livha Yesu, Ene Muḓinḓa wa Mudzimu, Tshifhe Muhulu ane ra mu ṱanzilela. 2
Ene o vha a tshi fulufhedzea kha we a mu vhea mushumoni hoyu, u ḓi nga na Mushe o vha a tshi fulufhedzea muṱani woṱhe wa Mudzimu. 3
A thi ri mufhaṱi wa nnḓu u huliswa u fhira nnḓu yone iṋe? Na Yesu o fanela u huliswa u fhira Mushe sa zwenezwo. 4Hafhu muṱa muṅwe na muṅwe u na muthomi wawo. Zwino-ha muthomi wa zwoṱhe ndi Mudzimu. 5
Mushe o vha e ṋegota zwawe a fulufhedzeaho muṱani woṱhe wa Mudzimu, a tshi ṱanziela zwe Mudzimu a vha a tshi kha ḓi ḓo zwi amba, 6
1 Korint. 3:16-17
Heb. 3:14
hone Khristo u a fulufhedzea unga Murwa a langaho muṱa wa Khotsi awe. Zwino muṱa wonoyo ndi riṋe, tenda ra nambatela zwe ra fulufhela, ra zwi zuwa ri sa ofhi.
7
Ndi zwone, ipfani zwine Muya Mukhethwa a amba a tshi ri,
“Ṋamusi ni tshi pfa ipfi ḽa Mudzimu
8ni songo ita tshipimbi sa zwiḽa ni tshi nṱunga,
ni tshi nndinga ngei phangani,
9fhaḽa he vhomakhulukuku waṋu vha nkolela
naho vho vhona zwe nda ita
10mahumi maṋa a miṅwaha.
Ndi zwe havha vhathu nda vha nyala,
nda ri, ‘Mbilu dzavho dzi dzula dzo bva nḓilani,
nḓila dzanga a vha dzi londi.’
11Nda vhuya nda tou ana ndo sinyuwa nda ri,
‘Vha nga si dzhene
he nda vha ndi tshi ḓo vha awedza!’ ”
12Vharathu vhanga, ni vhone uri hu si vhe na muṅwe waṋu a re na mbilu mmbi ya u landula na u shandukela Mudzimu a tshilaho. 13
Ipfi heḽi ḽi no ri, “ṋamusi” ḽi tshi kha ḓi pfala nḓevheni dzaṋu ni dzule ni tshi ṱuṱuwedzana maḓuvha oṱhe, uri hu si vhe na muthihi waṋu ane a nga fhurwa a tshinya a vho ḓo ita tshipimbi. 14
12:1
A thi ri ri maḽaifa na Khristo, tenda ra nambatela lutendo lwashu lwe ra thoma nalwo ri sa dzinginyei u vhuya u swika vhufheloni. 15
Ndi zwine Maṅwalo a ri,
“Ṋamusi ni tshi pfa ipfi ḽa Mudzimu ni songo ita tshipimbi sa zwiḽa ni tshi nṱunga.”
16Avho vhe vha pfa ipfi ḽa Mudzimu vha mu ṱunga ndi vhonnyi? A si vhoṱhe vhaḽa vhe vha endedzwa nga Mushe vha tshi bva Egipita naa? 17
Vhe Mudzimu a vha nyala mahumi maṋa a miṅwaha ndi vhonnyi? A si vhaḽa vhe vha tshinya vha fhedza nga u fela henefho phangani naa? 18Zwiḽa Mudzimu a tshi ana a ri, “Vha nga si dzhene he nda vha ndi tshi ḓo vha awedza,” o vha a tshi amba vhonnyi? O vha a sa ambi vhaḽa vha mu nyadzaho naa? 19Zwi khagala: tsho vha kundisaho u dzhena ndi u landula Mudzimu.

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51
Ho vha hu na mulangammbi wa khosi ya Aramu we a vha a tshi pfi Naamani. Muṋe wawe o vha o mu vhea huhulwane, a tshi mu hulisa, nge Muṋe washu a ita uri Vhaaramu vha kunde ngae. O vha e muhali a sa humi, hone a vha na vhulwadze vhu ofhisaho ha lukanda.
2Zwino dziṅwe mmbi dza Vhaaramu dzo vha dzo ya u dia, dza thuba na muṅwe ṅwananyana wa Muisraele, a vha phuli ya musadzi wa Naamani. 3Ṅwananyana uyo a vhudza musadzi uyo a ri, “Ngavhe muṋe wanga vha tshi nga ya ha muporofita a re ngei Samaria! O vha a tshi ḓo vha fhodza vhulwadze havho.”
4Naamani a ya ha muṋe wawe a mu vhudza zwe zwa ambiwa nga ṅwananyana wa Muisraele. 5Khosi ya Aramu ya fhindula ya ri, “Iyani no rudza mbilu. Ndi ḓo ṅwalela khosi ya Israele luṅwalo.”
Naamani a takuwa e na khilogiramu dza 340 dza siliva na khilogiramu dza 70 dza musuku na zwiambaro zwa fumi zwa maṱeleṱele. 6Luṅwalo lwe a vha a tshi lu isa ha khosi ya Israele lwo vha lwo ṅwalwa upfi, “Ndi khou ruma mulanda wanga Naamani ha vhone na luṅwalo holu uri vha mu fhodze vhulwadze hawe ha lukanda.”
7
Khosi ya Israele i tshi vhala ulwo luṅwalo, ya kherukanya zwiambaro zwayo ya ri, “Ndi nṋe Mudzimu naa? Ndi a kona u vhulaha nda dovha nda tshidza naa, a tshi ruma muthu ha nṋe uri ndi mu fhodze? Ni khou zwi vhona uri hoyu muthu u khou nṱunga!”
8Elisha muḓinḓa wa Mudzimu a tshi pfa uri khosi ya Israele yo kherukanya zwiambaro zwayo, a ruma muḓinḓa khayo a swikisa mafhungo a no ri, “Ndi mini vho kherukanya lupila lwavho? Nga vha rume uyo munna kha nṋe, ndi hone a tshi ḓo zwi ḓivha uri Israele hu na muporofita.”
9Naamani a ṱuwa nga bere dzawe na gariki yawe a swika a ima muṋangoni wa nnḓu ya Elisha. 10Elisha a ruma muḓinḓa a swika a mu vhudza a ri, “Nga vha ye mulamboni wa Jorodani vha ṱambe kaṱanu na kavhili, vhulwadze havho vhu ḓo fhola tshoṱhe.”
11Huno Naamani a ṱuwa o sinyuwa a ri, “Ndo vha ndi tshi ri vhukuma u ḓo bva a ḓa kha nṋe a ima a rabela Yahavee Mudzimu wawe, a dzungudza tshanḓa tshawe hune ha vhavha, a fhodza vhulwadze hanga! 12Hufha Damasko hu na milambo ya Abana na Pharaphara i re na maḓi ane a fhira a Israele! Ndo vha ndi tshi ḓo vha ndo ṱamba khayo nda fhola.” A mbo ḓi rembuluwa a ṱuwa o sinyuwa.
13Vhashumi vha Naamani vha ya khae vha ri, “Muṋe wanga, ngavhe muporofita a vha vhudze u ita tshiṅwe tshithu tshi konḓaho vho vha vha sa ḓo tshi ita? Zwino a tshi tou ri, ‘Nga vha yo ṱamba vha fhole,’ zwi a konḓa naa?” 14Ndi hone Naamani a tshi tsela Jorodani a ṱamba kaṱanu na kavhili, nga he muḓinḓa wa Mudzimu a mu vhudza, a mbo ḓi fhola tshoṱhe, lukanda lwawe lwa tou kuna unga lwa mutukana muṱuku.
15Ndi hone Naamani na vhalanda vhawe vhoṱhe vha tshi vhuelela ha muḓinḓa wa Mudzimu, a ima phanḓa hawe a ri, “Zwino ndi a zwi ḓivha uri shangoni ḽoṱhe a hu na muṅwe Mudzimu, u Israele fhedzi. Zwino nga vha ṱanganedze tshifhiwa tshanga ngetshi.”
16Muporofita a fhindula a ri, “Nga Muṋe washu a tshilaho ane nda vha muḓinḓa wawe, a thi nga ṱanganedzi tshithu.” Naamani a ḓi sivhelela uri muporofita a ṱanganedze itsho tshifhiwa, hone Elisha a landula.
17Naamani a ri, “Arali vha sa ṱanganedzi tshifhiwa tshanga, izwo nga vha litshe ndi dzhie mavu ane a nga hwalwa nga meila mbili ndi ṱuwe nao ndi tshi humela hayani, ngauri u bva zwino a thi tsha ḓo ṋekedza muṅwe mudzimu nduvho dzi fhiswaho kana zwiṱhavhelo, ndi ḓo zwi ṋekedza Yahavee fhedzi. 18Hone hu na tshithu tshithihi tshine Yahavee a fanela u nkhangwela tshone: musi khosi yanga i tshi dzhena thembeleni ya Rimoni mudzimu wa Aramu u luvha, ndi a mu fhelekedza, na nṋe nda gwadama henefho, musi ndi tshi gwadama thembeleni ya Rimoni, ngavhe Yahavee a tshi nkhangwela!”
19Elisha a ri, “Nga vha tshimbile nga mulalo.”
Musi Naamani o no tshimbila tshikhalanyana, 20Gehasi, mushumi wa Elisha muḓinḓa wa Mudzimu, a elekanya a ri, “Muṋe wanga o litsha uyu Muaramu Naamani, a ṱuwa a songo bvisa tshithu! O vha o fanela o ṱanganedza zwe a ḓa nazwo. Nga Muṋe washu a tshilaho, ndi ḓo gidima nda mu tevhela nda wana tshiṅwe tshithu khae.”
21Ndi hone Gehasi a tshi gidima a tevhela Naamani. Musi Naamani a tshi mu vhona a tshi gidima a tshi ya khae, a tsa kha gariki a yo ṱangana nae a mu vhudzisa a ri, “Ho tshinyalani?”
22Gehasi a fhindula a ri, “A hu na tsho tshinyalaho. Muṋe wanga o nthuma uri ndi vha vhudze ndi ri, ‘Hu kha ḓi bva u swika vhaṱhannga vhavhili vha tshigwada tsha vhaporofita vha tshi bva mivhunduni ya Efraimi. Nga vha vha ṋee khilogiramu dza 34 dza siliva na zwiambaro zwivhili zwa u pfundulula.’ ”
23Naamani a ri, “Dzhiani khilogiramu dza 68 dza siliva.” Naamani a ita lunzili uri Gehasi a a ṱanganedze, a konou longa iyo siliva kha mikhwama mivhili a peta na zwiḽa zwiambaro zwivhili, a zwi ṋea vhavhili vha vhashumi vhawe, vha zwi hwala vha fhira phanḓa ha Gehasi. 24Musi Gehasi a tshi swika tshikwarani, a dzhiela avho vhashumi izwo zwithu, a yo zwi vhea nḓuni yawe. Gehasi a fhelekedza avho vhanna vha ṱuwa. 25Gehasi a dzhena, a ima phanḓa ha muṋe wawe Elisha. Elisha a mu vhudzisa a ri, “Ni bvafhi Gehasi?”
Gehasi a fhindula a ri, “A hu na he nda ya.”
26Huno Elisha a mu vhudza a ri, “Muya wanga wo vha u si na inwi zwiḽa uḽa munna a tshi tsa kha gariki yawe a ḓa a ni ṱanganedza? Tshino ndi tshone tshifhinga tsha u dzhia tshelede kana tsha u ṱanganedza zwiambaro na masimu a miolivi na a minḓirivhe na masambi a nngu na masambi a kholomo na phuli dza vhanna na vha vhasadzi? 27Zwino vhulwadze ha Naamani vhu ḓo nambatela inwi na vhaḓuhulu vhaṋu lini na lini.” Gehasi a ṱuwa kha Elisha, a nambatelwa nga vhulwadze, lukanda lwawe lwó tshena sa gabugu.


text: Tsalwavutomi (Biography) (Ri suka eka Xigiriki, maviti bios (Bιoς), leswi vulaka 'vutomi', na graphein, leswi vulaka 'ku tsala') i xiyenge xa Vutsari kumbe Tifilimi lexi nyikelaka matimu lama heleleke hi swiendleko leswi hlawulekeke evuton'wini bya munhu loyi a tiviwaka swinene. Hambileswi matimu lawa ma nga ha vulavulaka hi marungula yo tumbuluxiwa (fiction) ya munhu, vito leri ri tirhisiwa ngopfu eka vanhu lava hanyeke/hanyaka. Ku hambana na mikomiso ya matimu ya vutomi bya munhu, lama fanaka na Vuxokoxoko bya munhu kumbe papilanhlavutelocurriculum vitae, Tsalwavutomi i rungula leri yaka emahlweni ri xiyisisa vumunhu, swihlawulekisi na xiyimo xa yena emugangeni lowu a hanyaka/hanyeke eka wona.


text:
Ndzhavuko
Ndzhavuko (kusuka ekaXilatini cultura ri tekiwa e ka colere, leswi vulaka "ku hlakulela")[1] hi ku angarha ri hlamusela maendlele ya swilo ya vanhu na nkonka wa swiendlo sweleswo. Mindzhavuko yinga twisisiwa ta ni hi "nhlengelo wa mimfungo na tinhlamuselo ta mafambisele ya swilo kumbe swi enldo leswi tolovelekeke"[2]
Ndzhavuko wu nga ha hlamuseriwa tanihi ndlela ya vutomi kuhlanganisa vuqambhi, kupfumela na tindzhawu ta vuleteri ta rixaka kunga swilo leswi hundziseriwaka kusuka eka xitukulwana na xitukulwana. Ndzhavuko wu vuriwa "Ndlela ya vutomi ya vanhu hi xitalo."[3] tanihileswi sweleswo swi hlanganisaka matikhomele, swi ambalo, ririmi, vukhongeri, swi henwa, na mikhuva leyi tolovelekeke.
Masungulo ya Ndzhavuko[Lulamisa | edit source]
Matirhiselo ya masiku lawa ya riviti "ndzhavuko" matshegeriwe eka riviti leri ari tirhisiwa hi Murhoma wa Khale kunga Cicero eka matsalwa ya yena lamange Tusculanae Disputationes, laha atsaleke hi ku hlakulela muya-xiviri kumbe "cultura animi",[4] hi kutirhisa xifananisi xa Vurimi leswaku a hlamusela ku akeka ka moya-xiviri hi nhlamusela ya filosofi, naswona u twisese leswaku ndhzavuko inhluvuko wa le henhla wa vanhu. Samuel Pufendorf uyise xifananisi lexi emahlweni a xitirhisa e mahanyelweni ya namunthla, laha mongo wa nhlamusela wa yena hi ta ndzhavuko wuyelanaka, kambe wunga ha xongeteli leswaku Filosofi iku helela ka munhu ka ntumbuluko. Matirhisele ya yena na ya lava vateke endzhaku ka yena "makombetela eka tindlela hinkwato leti vanhu va koteke ha tona ku hluvuka eka mahanyele ya khale ya vuharhi, ivi vatirhisa vuthlarhi bya vona leswaku vava vanhu hikuhelela".[5]
N'wa ta Filosofi Edward S. Casey (1996) wahlamusela: "Rito ndzhavuko rivula "ndzhawu leyi hlakuriweke" hikuya hi xinghezi xale xikarhi, naswona rito leri rikumeka nale ka xiLatini colere, "kutikhoma, kukhatalela, kuhlakula, kugandzela" na cultus, "ntsombano, ngopfungopfu wa vukhongeri." Kulandza ndzhavuko, iku teka vundhzawu lebyi hlohloteriwaka ngopfu hi ndhzavuko leswaku uwu khatalela — ubyarha vutihlamuleri hi wona naswona uwu khatalela hahombe."[6]
Velkley uhlamusela Ndzhavuko, aku:
... ekusunguleni awu hlamusela kuhlakulela moya-xiviri kumbe miehleketo, kambe wu kume hlamuselo wa sweswi eka matsalwa ya lembe-xidzana ra khume-nhungu (18) ya vatsari va ma Jarimani, lava ava xopaxopa matsalwa ya Rousseau lawa ama sola "ximanje-manje vutshunxeki na malembe ya rivoningo". Hiswona leswi vangelaka kuhambana exikarhi ka "ndhzavuko" na "nhluvuko", na hambiloko kuhambana loku kunga hlamuseriwi hi kukongoma.
Mintshaho[Lulamisa | edit source]
- ↑ Harper, Douglas (2001). Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ↑ Findley, Carther Vaughn and John Alexander Rothney (2006). Twentieth-century World. Sixth edition, p. 14. ISBN 978-0-618-52263-7.
- ↑ Williams, Raymond. Keywords, "Culture"
- ↑ Cicero, Marcus Tullius (45 BC). Tusculanes (Tusculan Disputations). pp. II, 15.
- ↑ Velkley, Richard (2002). "The Tension in the Beautiful: On Culture and Civilization in Rousseau and German Philosophy". Being after Rousseau: Philosophy and Culture in Question. The University of Chicago Press. pp. 11–30.
- ↑ https://read.amazon.com/?asin=B00DG8M7EU --October 2014


text:
“Hay’khona!” ku hlamala Motlatsi na Tshepo loko khayindi ya vona ya ntima na ko tshwuka yi wela ehenhla ka lwangu ra yindlu ya Manana Ntshona na ku titsondzela hi eriyani ya TV.
“Hatlisa! Hi fanele hi yi ntshuxa!” ku huwelela Tshepo.
Motlatsi u khomile ntambu a yi koka. Leswi nga n’wi chavisa, i ku eriyani leya khale ya TV, yi voyamile ku fikela laha yi nga khumba swileti swa lwangu ra muakelani.
“Tatana u ta hlundzuka ngopfu!” Tshepo a cema, a tipfale xikandza xakwe hi swandla.
“Kambe loyi a nga hlundzuka swinene i Manana Ntshona!” ku hlamula Motlatsi. U tekile makwavo wa yena kutani va balekela endzhaku ka garaji. “Languta! Hi luya!”
I ntiyiso, Manana Ntshona a yimile ehandle ka rivanti ra xitanga na mavoko ya yena ya khomile xisuti. Majaha va swi vonile leswaku a hlundzukile. U langutile elwangwini kutani a vona eriyani leyi nga voyama. Mahlo ya yena a ma honokile. A dzungudza nhloko. Tinxiyi takwe timbirhi ti hlangana exikarhi ka xikandza. Kutani a ba nenge ehansi. Milomo ya yena yi va nkhwati wun’we wo lulama.
“Tatana u hi byerile leswaku hi hahisa khayindi ephakini naswona hi n’wi tshembisile leswaku hi ta endla tano!” Tshepo a hlevetelela makwavo wakwe.
“Sweswi hi le khombyeni lerikulu,” ku pfumela Motlatsi. “A hi n’wi yingisanga! U ehleketa leswaku u ta endla yini?” A raha ritshuri hi nenge.
“Kumbexana Tatana u ta hi tekela khayindi ya hina,” ku vula Tshepo, “ kumbe a nge he hi nyiki mali yo xava swiwitsi.” A languta mahlo ya makwavo wakwe.
Ku languteka ko nyama timbilu ku vonaka exikandzeni xa Motlatsi. “Yerr! Hi ta endla yini?”
“Hi tshovile xitshembiso xa hina. Xitshembiso xi hilaha ku nga heriki.” Tshepo u tshamile ehansi a veka nhloko ya yena emavokweni ya yena.
“Ku ta humelela yini sweswi?” ku vutisa Motlatsi loyi a ri karhi a dya min’wala.
Tshepo a n’waya nhloko. “Tatana a nga ka a nga ha hi tshembi nakambe.”
“Xana leswi swi vula yini, Tshepo? Xana i yini ntshembo?” ku vutisa Motlatsi.
“Xiii, u nga rhasi! Manana Ntshona u ta hi twa! Ndzi ehleketa leswaku swi vula ku ri a nga ka a nga ha hi tshembi nakambe loko hi n’wi byela xokarhi,” ku hlevetela Tshepo.
“U vula ku fana na loko ndzi ku ndzi pasile Metse exikolweni?” ku vutisa Motlatsi, a ri karhi a juluka.
“E-e, u ku khorwile hikuva u hlayile rhipoto ya wena,” ku vula Tshepo.
“U vula ku fana na loko ndzi n’wi byela leswaku ndzi dyile ayisikhirimi hi lanchi?” ku ringanyeta Motlatsi, a ringeta ku twisisa.
Tshepo a dzungudza nhloko. “Ha yi sweswo,” a vula tano. “Ku fanele ku va swin’wana swa nkoka.”
“Ku fana na loko ndzi lahlile pondo leyi a nga ndzi nyika?” ku vutisa Motlatsi. “Ndzi n’wi byerile leswaku yi wile ku suka exikhwameni.”
“A swi tiva leswaku i ntiyiso hikuva xikhwama xa wena xi boxekile,” ku hlamusela Tshepo.
“Se i yini? Xana swi vula leswaku Tatana u ta famba a nga vuyi? Kumbe u ta hi hlongola xana?” ku vutisa Motlatsi, a ri karhi a lava ku rila.
Tshepo a dzungudza nhloko. “Hayi khona! Tatana wa hi rhandza! Mhaka hi leswaku loko u tshembisile munhu leswaku u nge endli xo karhi, u fanele ku ka u nga swi endli – nakan’we. Naswona, loko u tshembisa wun’wani leswaku u ta endla xo karhi, u fanele u endla tano leswaku munhu yaloye a ku tshemba. Ku fana na loko u tshembise Sibongile leswaku u ta n’wi kumela xitsalo, u endlile tano! Sweswi xiii!”
Tshepo na Motlatsi va hlometele hi khona ya garaji. Va vona Manana Ntshona a languta riqingho ra yena ra le nyongeni. A lava ku ba riqingho.
“U ta foyinela Tatana! Hayi! Hi nga n’wi yimisa njhani?” ku vula Motlatsi. A lava ku baleka loko Tshepo a tiya xivindzi. A huma, a ya laha khombo ri nga kona!
“Ahee Manana Ntshona,” ku vula Tshepo a ri karhi a tshinela ekusuhi na darata. “Ndzi kombela ku rivaleriwa eka eriyani ya wena.”
Manana Ntshona a n’wi languta ku suka ehansi ku fika ehenhla na milomo yakwe yi pfariwile. A hefemulela ehenhla. “Eriyani leyintshwa ya durha wa swi tiva, Tshepo. Kumbe u fanele u kuma ntirho leswaku u ndzi xavela eriyani leyintshwa!” Rito ra yena a ri rila ku fana na nsimbhi.
“Tatana u hi nyika mali yo dya exikolweni,” ku vula Motlatsi a fika a yima ekusihi na makwavo wakwe. “Hi ta tirhisa mali yo dya exikolweni ku ku xavela eriyani.” A navela ku va a nga swi vulangi leswi, kambe a swi tiva leswaku a fanele ku swi vula.
“Ntiyiso?” ku vula Manana Ntshona loko rito ra yena ri ya ehenhla. “Xana mi yi kuma rini mali yo dya xikolweni naswona i mali muni?”
“Hi kuma ntlhanu wa tirandi hi vhiki,” va hlevetela va ri vambirhi, va ri karhi va tlhelela endzhaku hi switsongotsongo.
“Ku tava khume ra tirandi hi vhiki. Hi ta kota ku yi veka …” ku vula Tshepo, rito ra yena ri ri karhi ri hunguteka. Swi nga teka nkarhi wo leha ku hakela eriyani leyintshwa naswona Tatana u ta swi tiva leswi nga humelela.
Vamakwavo a va ri karhi va langutana ku fika laha va nga rivala hi Manana Ntshona. Loko va n’wi languta nakambe, va hlamarile. Xikandza xa Manana Ntshona a xi languteka xi tsakile na ku olova na milorho.
Majaha ya koka moya.
“Vana, na mina ndzi tshame ndzi va na khayindi eka nkarhi wun’wana. A yi ri ya mpungha na ku tshwukela. A ndzi yima exirhapeni xa kokwani wa mina eLesotho ndzi yi khoma hi xintambyana xa yona. A yi hahela ehenhla emapapeni. A yi tikomba yi tsakile. Ndzi yi tshike yi famba. Ndzi yi languta loko yi ri karhi yi ya ehenhla emalembelembeni ku fikela laha a ndzi nga ha yi voni.”
A n’wayitelela majaha. “A ku na xiphiqo, wena Tshepo na Motlatsi. A ndzi nga n’wi byeli Tatana wa n’wina. Eriyani liya ya khale a yi nga ha pfuni nchumu. A ndzi fanele ndzi xava leyintshwa. Ndzi ta kuma xitepisi kutani mi ta khandziya mi ya teka khayindi ya n’wina.”
Loko a ri karhi a famba vamakwavo va n’wi twile a ku, “Swi nga endleka ndzi va ndzi ri na ‘hot chocolate’ na khekhe exitangeni loko mi vuya!”
Majaha ya langutana kutani van’wayitela.
Sungulani ku va ni vutumbuluxi!
Eka ntsheketo, ku na nhlamuselo ya hilaha xikandza xa Manana Ntshona xi langutekaka ha kona loko a hlundzukile. Hlohlotela vana va wena ku dirowa xifaniso xa vona kumbe xa munghana wa vona leswi xi langutekisaka xiswona loko va hlundzukile.


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Vanhu vosungula lava vulavulaka ririmi ra Xitsonga kuva vanghena e Transvaal vangava vafike kwalomuya kava 18th century. Vanhu lava avari vaxavisi lava ava landzelela milambu, laha ava cincisa leswi ava swixavisa swotani hi minceka na vuhlalu kuva vakuma timhondzo ta tindlopfu, koporo na munyu.
Ekusunguleni kava 1820s, va vhakeriwile hi lava ava vulavula xi ririmi leri fanaka lava ava hluphiwa hi vahlaseri va va Nguni. Hinkarhi lowu VaTsonga lava a va tshama etibuweni ta lwandle akuri vanhu lava avalo titshamela voxe tani hi rixaka leri vulavulaka ririmi rin’we ntsena kambe vari na maendlelo yo hambana nyana ya ndzhavuko kambe avanga fumiwi hi munhu.
Mintlawa yavona leyintsongo ayi sihalala kuva yi ngheneleriwa hi va Nguni. Ntlawa wohetelela wa va Nguni kuva wuta fika eka ndzhawu ya vona akuri masalela ya mavuthu ya Ndwandwe, ehansi ka Shoshangane, lava vanga xanisiwa swinene enyimpini ya Shaka na nyimpi ya maZulu etibuweni ta nambu wa Mhlatuze, kusuhi na laha namuntlha hinge hile Ulundi.
Vahlampfa lava vafike vatshama kusuhi na nambu waka Tembe, e dzongeni vuhuma dyambu bya laha namuntlha kunga Swaziland, kungase hela nkarhi va hundzukela eka Vatsonga, va fambela e n’walungwini kutshunela e Limpopo Valley. Kurhula koka kungari kahle ku tumbulukile loko va Ndwandwe (kumbe Shangaan) vasungule ku veka vanhu lava ava vulavula ririmi ra Xitsonga eka swivandla swavona.
Tiko ra va Nguni e n’walungwini wa ndzelekani wa Zululand akuri leri ari pandzisa maZulu nhloko, leri ariri kaya ra van’watipolotiki naswona ariri nxungeto eka ndzhawu ya nkoka yo xavisela eka yona ya Lourenço Marques (leyi namuntlha kunga Maputo). Mavuthu yantshwa ya ma Zulu ya rhumeriwile kuya en’walungwini hi 1833 kuya hlasela Shoshangane xikan’we naku panicha hinkwavo lava avari eka tlhelo ra yena.
Va vutlile Lourenço Marques kutani va tlhava governor wa doroba leriya hi tlharhi ekusuhi na beach. Ekusuhi na mpfuxelelo wa maZulu, Shoshangane na valandzeri vayena vatsutsumile kusuka eka ndzhawu ya vona vakongoma e hansi ka Limpopo Valley. Vatshunelela e nambyeni wa Zambezi loko vanga se ya tshama e dzongeni wa Mosapa (Zimbabwe).
Kusukela kwalano Shoshangane moya wakwe awuri ehansi kutani a tihlanganisa na vanhu lava vulavulaka xi Shona va va Ndau. Hikutirhisa mavuthu lawa yanga engeteleriwa, u ngetelele matimba yayena eka ndzhawu liya exikarhi ka nambu wa Zambezi River na Delagoa Bay.
Kantsongo kantsongo kuva na Gaza kingdom, leyi thyiwaka hiku xixima kokwani wa Shoshangane loyi anga tshama ngopfu endzhawini ya Mkuze yale Zululand, laha anga sungula kuhumelela kusuka evuhuma dyambu bya ndzhawu liya naswona hile ka swihlahla swale kusuhi nale tibuweni ta lwandle. Nkarhi wa kurhula wusungula kuva kona, hinkarhi lowu va Ndwandwe kusuka e dzongeni xikan’we na Vatsonga, lava avari endzhawini liya kuringana malembe lawa yotala, vanga sungula ku hlohletelana.
Leswi swivuye switiyisisiwa endzhaku ka 1838 loko masocha yotala ya Shoshangane va lova hikwalaho ka mavabyi ya smallpox, kutani a tlhelela endzhaku e Limpopo Valley. Mavuthu yayena ya xanisile ndzhawu liya, loko arikarhi a panicha valala vayena, vavasati ava endla mahlonga xikan’we na vana, naswona a lava tihakelo tale henhla taku nwi xixima.
Nyimpi leyi yi hlaserile tindzhawu timbirhi ta vahlampfa kusuka etibuweni ta milambu. Vaka Nkuna kukatsa na mintlawa leyintsongo varhurherile etlhelo ka nambu wa Olifants laha vanga fika vati veka ehansi ka tinxaka leti vulavulaka ririmi ra xi Sotho, Kaha na xi Lovedu, evupela dyambu bya Lowveld.
Gandlati ravumbirhi ra vahlampfa (Maluleke, Baloyi, Tshauke na Sono) valandzelerile Limpopo kutani vafika vatshama etlhelo ka nambu wa Levubu (Pafuri) ehansi swinene ka vuhuma dyambu bya Soutpansberg nale Drakensberg. Mintlawa yintsongo ya vahlampfa yihlayisile vuhosi bya yona hikuva yitshama eka ndzhawu leyi ayi taleriwile swinene hi mavabyi ya malaria, kambe loko kuriku ava tsakele ku hanya eka ndzhawu leyingariki na mavabyi ava fanele kuya lava nsirhelelo eka varhangeri va vanhu lava ava vulavula xi Sotho, va Modjadji, Podile na Maake lava avari e dzongeni kumbe va Venda e Pafuri laha kunga en’walungwini.
Hiva 1850s vahlampfa va Vatsonga va endle kaya ravona kuva ehansi ka tintshava ta Spelonken e Soutpansberg laha muhlampfa wa mu Portuguese, Joäo Albasini, ari kuti akeleni ka ndzhawu yakwe ya vuhosi hi mali leyi angayi kuma loko a xavise mahlonga na timhondzo ta tindlopfu.
Loko vahlampfa va Vatsonga lava avari endzeni vasungule miganga yavona leyintsongo, maxaka yavona ya ngati avari ku xanisiweni etibuweni ta lwandle hikwalaho ka kupfumala ntshamiseko wa tipolotiki. Hi 1858 Shoshangane a lova kutani vuhosi bya yena byi sungula kuhangalaka loko vana vayena va majaha, Muzila na Mawewe, valwela vuhosi.
Shoshangane a lave leswaku Muzila kuva yena loyi a salaka na vuhosi, laha Mawewe anga pfumelelani naswona; leswi swi endle leswaku kuva na nkwetlembetano kuringana 10 ra malembe yaku lwa. Hiku pfuniwa hi Albasini na vaxavisi vale Lourenço Marques, Muzila a hlula. Mawewe a tsutsumela e Swaziland, laha anga fika a kombela ku pfuniwa hi King Mswati l, laha anga hetelela aya tshama e n’walungwini wa Swaziland endzelekanini wa Gazaland.
Muzila se asuse ndzhawu yakwe ya vutshamo ya Gaza leswaku yiya hlayiseka ayiyisa e Mosapa, a siya Delagoa Bay yinga sirheleriwangi. Vuxika byin’wana na byin’wana ma Swazi ava sungula nhlaselo wovava swinene eka ndzhawu liya. Hi 1884 Muzila a lova kutani n’wana wakwe wa jaha, Gungunyana, a teka vuhosi.
Hosi leyintshwa yisungule kutlhela yiteka vulawuri bya dzonga wa Gazaland. Hi 1889 a rhurhisa ntsindza wakwe wuya ehansi ka Limpopo, a teka rifuwa hinkwaro rale dzongeni riva rayena. Hansa hansa leyi yisungule gandlati rin’wani ra vuhlampfa kuya e Transvaal naswona swi endle leswaku Gungunyana a holova na ma Portuguese.
Tani hi ndzhawu ya ntumbuluko ya Witwatersrand, Lourenço Marques ayi kurisile laha se akume na migodi ya nsuku. Leswi swinyike ma Portuguese ku navela xikanwe na matimba yakuva vateka vulawuri bya dzonga wa Mozambique; hi 1895 vuyeni kusuka e Lisbon byi hlule Gungunyana kutani byi nwiyisa evuchavela whawha e Azores.
N’wana wa yena wa jaha, Thulilamahanxi, hinkarhi walowo ahari ntsongo, xikan’we na muhlayisi wayena, Mpisane, vatsutsumele e Transvaal Republic kutani vaya tshama e n’walungwini wa nambu wa Sabi ehansi ka tintshava ta Drakensberg,laha sweswi kunga eka xifundzha xa Mhala. Ku herisiwa ka Gaza ku hetisisiwile endzhaku ka malembe yambirhi loko kupfumala ntshamisekoloku aku rhangeriwe hi un’wana wa socha lerikulu ra Gungunyana atava a tshikeleriwile hindlela ya tihanyi.
Leswi swisungule gandlati rintshwa ra kurhurha laha masalela ya vanhu va Gaza empire yanga tsemakanya ndzelekani kutani vanghena e Transvaal. Hi 1910 Mpisane a teka nkarhi wayena waku fuma anyika Thulilamahanxi, loyi anga tekeriwa enhlokweni hi vakulukumba va huvo tani hi mudya ndzhaka hinkarhi lowu Buyisonto ahari e vuchavela whawha, munhu loyi anga lulamela kufuma endzhaku ka Gungunyana.
Hi 1922 Buyisonto a huma e vuchavela whawha kutani a rhurhela e Mhala laha anga fika ava murhangeri kona wa malandza ya khale ka old Gaza kingdom. Hinkarhi lowu Vatsonga ava endla kwalomu ka mune wati phesente ta vanhu hinkwavo va Afrika Dzong. E Transvaal ava tshama eka tindzhawu to hlawuleka.
E n’walungwini, laha akuri na tihosi totala swinene, to fana na Xikundu, Mhinga, Xigalo xikan’we na Makuleke, lava ava teke tindzhawu leti atiri ekusuhi swinene na ntanga wa swihari wa Kruger National Park. Kuya kambe le hansi e dzongeni, vaaki lava ava hangalakile valehisile kutshama ka vona e Lowveld.
Ekusuhi swinene na milambu ya Levubu na Letaba lontsongo, Lavanga cincela eka xikriste vatshamile emapurasini yale Valdezia, Elim nale Kurulen, vana vavona ava nghena xikolo e Lemana College leyi ayi tlangeriwa swinene. Kuya le hansi e dzongeni, vaka Nkuna xikan’we na mintlawa yin’wana leyintsongo vatshamile e makumu ka ndzhawu leyi voyameke.
Swihluke swa va Nguni lava vulavulaka ririmi ra Shangaans, na vavasati vavona lava vulavulaka Xitsonga xikan’we na valandzeri vavona vatshame eka ndzhawu leyinga exikarhi ka Acornhoek-Bushbuckridge nale dzongeni emakumu ka ntanga wa Kruger Park. Lava kungava kurivona varivoxe ntlawa wa Vatsonga lowu awusele e Ingwavuma—Ubombo districts e n’walungwini wa Zululand.
Leswi aswiri swihluke swa Maputo (Mabudhu hi xi Zulu), lava vuhosi bya vona byinga tsemiwa hile xikarhi hi ndzelekani wa Afrika Dzonga na Mozambique. Swinga fani na Vatsonga e Transvaal, avari na vuxaka lebyikulu na maZulu.Translated by Ike Ngobeni


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Daniel Cornel Marivate
Daniel Cornel Marivate (Kumbe D.C Marivate) (18 Nyenyenyani 1897[1] – † 30 Nhlangula 1989 ),[2][3][4] a kuri mufundhisi, mufambisi wa khwayere, muqambhi wa vunanga, xirho xa mfumo wa Gazankulu naswona a thlela a tiveka ngopfu tani hi mutsari wa novhele yo sungula ya ririmi ra Xitsonga (leyi gandlisiweke hi Swiss Mission press eJoni), Sasavona, hi lembe ra 1938. Marivate loyi a dyondzeke eValdezia, athlela aya hetisela tidyondzo tale henhla eLemana Institute, ukorhokele ririmi ra Xitsonga swonghasi, kuhlanganisa na kuqambha vunanga na swiphato, a thlela a tsala no hundzuluxela matsalwa ya Xitsonga, ku fikela loko ata hundza emisaveni hi lembe ra 1989.
Xikolo xa DC Marivate Junior Secondary School eSoshanguve, Afrika Dzonga, kuhlanganisa na patu leri kumekaka e Saulville, ePitori, swi thyiwe hi vito ra yena
Tavutomi byakwe[Lulamisa | edit source]
Malembe yosungula na tidyondzo: 1904–1931[Lulamisa | edit source]
Marivate i n’wana wo sungula wa Cornel Maxangete Maringa na Makhanani Annah Ximambana naswona u velekiwe eximutanini xa Valdezia hi lembe ra 1897.[4] Marivate ukulele athlela anghena xikolo eValdezia primary school (lexi akiweke hi lembe ra 1888) ekusuhi na Louis Trichardt eNorthern Transvaal (laha namunthla kunga xifundzha xa Limpopo) hi lembe ra 1904. Ximutanini xa Valdezia xisimekiwe hi lembe ra 1875 hi Varhumiwa va Vukhongeri bya vu Phresbethari, naswona vutomi bya ximutana lexi abyi kongomisiwa no hlohloteriwa hi ripfumelo ra vukreste. Marivate uhetile tidyondzo takwe ta xikolo xale hansi hi lembe ra 1908. Kusukela kona, u thlele aya dyondza vuvatli, kuhlayisa swirhapa, Xinghezi na Tidyondzo ta tinhlayo, ari karhi a leteriwa hi Mufundhisi Paul Rosset, kona kwale xitichini xa kereke eValdezia exikarhi ka malembe ya 1909 kuya eka 1912.[5]
Kusukela hi khotavuxika bya lembe ra 1912 kuya eka xixika xa 1915, Marivate unghenele athlela a hetisa tidyondzo tavuthicara eLemana Training Institute. Kusuka kona uyile a ya dyondzisa exikolweni xa Manabele, endzhaku ka tinwhetinyana athoriwa kuya sungula xikolo lexintshwa e Mambedi, ekusuhi na ximutana xa Valdezia. Xikolo lexi xikote kukula swonghasi endzeni ka malembe ya mune, laha xiheleleke xikuma mathicara mambirhi ku engetela eka Marivate. Vana vaxikolo na mathicara, vapfunetanile ku bhaka switina leswaku va aka tiyindlu to dyondzisela eka tona.
Varhumiwa na vakongomisi va xikolo na Kereke eximutanini lexi, ava tiyisisa leswaku vaaka tiko vale Valdezia vahanya hikuya hi vutomi bya vukreste, naswona ava aleriwa kutihlanganisa na vaaka tiko vavahedeni (Kumbe lava avangari vakhongeri). Hilembe ra 1915, Marivate loyi a ari thicara wa xikolo xa Valdeziya, xikan'we na thicara un'wana wa muntima, vatikume va tsemiwile eka kereke ya ximutana, kuringana tin'wheti tinharhu, hikwalaho kaleswi vayeke exivaleni xamuganga kuya hlalelaa ncino wamakhwaya.[6]
Hilembe ra 1924, Marivate uyisile tidyondzo takwe tavuthicara emahlweni loko ata nghenela xikolo xa Lovedale, laha a kumeke xitifiketi-tsongo xa vuthicara hi lembe ra 1925. Kusuka kona uvekiwe tani hi nhloko ya xikolo xa Valdezia hi lembe ra 1926, naswona u tirhile kona kufikela eka lembe ra1929. Marivate uthlele a thlelela exikolweni xa Lovedale, laha a hetiseke tidyondzo takwe tavuthicara, hinkarhi wolowo uthlele a hetisa tidyondzo takwe ta vuqambhi bya vunanga na xikolo xa London Music College, athlela arhwexiwa Diploma yo tsala vunanga (tonic-solfa) exikarhi ka malembe ya 1930 na 1931.
Vutsari na maphepha-hungu: 1931–1937[Lulamisa | edit source]
"Muyuropa anga hluriwi hi mathlarhi kumbe hiswibhakela kambe hi kutirhisa tidyondzo... Loko ndziri etikweni-nkulu ra Yuropa, ndzivone vayuropa votala lava avari exiyimweni xale hansi eka mina hinhluvuko... Loko hina vantima hilava kufikelela mahanyele yalehenhla yavona, hifanela ku byarha vutihlamuleri byo tihluvukisa, hiti hlengeletela tidyondzo na mahanyele yohluvuka, hibasisa no sasekisa miti yahina leswaku switava nonohwela ku hi tekela ehansi".
Marivate uve muhleri wa phephahungu ra muganga, ra The Valdezia Bulletin/Light (leri ri thyiweke "The light: Ku Vonakala ka Vatsonga"),[7] xikan'we na E.A. Tlakula na A.E. Mpapele. Marivate utirhise phepha-hungu leri kuyisa emahlweni xikongomela xo hluvukisa rixaka ra rikwavo, naswona a thlela a haxa mhungu ya muganga na tiko hiku angarha. Migandliso yo sungula ya phephahungu leri a yitsariwe hi voko, ivi kuya hinkarhi vasungula ku tirhisa michini yo tsala, kufikela laha rigandlisiweke. Marivate uthlele ava mutsari eka phephahungu ra xikolo xa Lemana, eka malembe yo sungula leswaku a titoloveta kutsala no hlela phephahungu.
Phephahungu lere ri gandlisiwe no haxiva kwalomu ka malembe ya nkombo kusukela hi lembe ra 1931 kuya eka 1937, naswona ari tsariwa hi ririmi ra Xinghezi na Xitsonga. Marivate utirhile tani hi muhleri na muhumelerisi wa phepha-hungu leri kusukela loko risimekiwa, kufikela loko rita yimisiwa[2]
Vukorhokeri eka African Boy Scouts: 1934–1956[Lulamisa | edit source]
Marivate u vitaniwe ku nghenela nhlangano wa African Boys Scouts, naswona a ya leteriwa eka vutshila bya ti Scoutse Gilwell Park, kusuhi na Chingford e dorobheni ra Landhani, hi lembe ra 1934. Loko ari kwalomo, kusungule nyimpi ya vumbirhi ya misava hi lembe ra 1939, leswi vangeleke leswaku machudeni ya ti Scouts, marhurheriwa kusuka e dorobheni ra Landhani kuya e Bridgewater, laha va takeke mayendzo ya siku na siku hi bhazi, kuya hetisisa tidyondzo ta vona e xidorobhaneni xa Taunton. Marivate u tirhisie nkarhi lowu ku endzela tindzawu ta matimu totala e tikweni ra Nghilandi, ku hlanganisa na tiko ra Furhwa na Switselandi.[3]
Hilembe rero ra 1939, utekile rendzo ro vuyela ekaya, ehenhla ka ntsikelelo wa nyimpi. Xikepe xa vona xi vhikavhike swikepe swo famba e hansi kalwandle ra Atlanthiki, kuringana mavhiki manharhu ku kondzo loko xita fika e Kapa, eku heteleni ka n'wheti ya hukuri. Hi lembe leri landzeleke ra 1940, uthoriwile hi va Scout South Africa, leswaku a letela no olorisa majaha ya Boy Scouts of South Africa, ya vantima, no tsarisa majaha mantshwa. Marivate u tirhe ntirho lowu hi ku tshembeka na ku tikarhata, kufikela loko a ta tshika ntirho hi Khotavuxika bya lembe ra 1959, loko ata nghenela tidyondzo ta vufundhisi.[3]
Vufundhisi na Bhibhele ya Xitsonga: 1956–1989[Lulamisa | edit source]
Marivate uvekiwe kuva mupfuni wa Mufundhisi Malale, xikan'we na Joshua Marule na Frank Hlaise.[kulaveka vumbhoni] Marivate a a tsakela ku nghenela tidyondzo ta vudokodela, naswona u tsarisile kudyondza ari ekaya, kambe uve a sindziseka ku tshika tidyondzo takwe, loko mativula yakwe Charley a ta sungula tidyondzo takwe ta vudokodela e yunivhesithi ya Natala. Endzhaku ka xinkadyana, kereke ya Swiss Mission yi n'wirhambe ku nghenela tidyondzo ta vufundhisi ta mahala. Uleteriwile eka swa vufundhisi ku ringana malembe ya nthlanu loko ata rhwexiwa vufundhisi hi lembe ra 1956. Endzhaku ka swona, usungule ku rhangela kereke ya Swiss Mission e Atteridgeville (e Pitori), laha a rhangeleke kereke ku hlanganisa na mavandla ya 29 ya kereke.[3]
Marivate u rhambiwe hi nhlangano ya Bhibhele ya laha Afrika Dzonga (Bible Society – South Africa) kuva xiyenge xa komiti yo hundzuluxa Bhibhele ya Xitsonga. Komiti leyi a yi rhangeriwa hi Mufundhisi Théophile Robert Schneider loyi a tirheke exikarhi ka vatsonga kwalomu ka 40 wa malembe. Van'wana lava va rhambiweke a kuri Mufundhisi Elias F.C. Mashava wa Kereke ya Swiss Mission, Mukhacani Jackson Makhuvele; Manana Ann K Manyike na Phurofesa Charlotte P.N. Nkondo.[7] Komiti yi hetile ku hundzuluxela hi lembe ra 1976, ivi Bhibhele yi kandziyisiwe ximfumo hi lembe ra 1989 e hansi ka nhlokomhaka "BIBELE Mahungu Lamanene".[kulaveka vumbhoni]
Vukati na Vana[Lulamisa | edit source]
Marivate a a tekane na Bertha Marivate naswona a va katekisiwe hi majaha ya ntsevu na ntombhi yin'we[6] kunga:
- Cornelius Tennyson Daniel Marivate (Mativula) – Phurofesa wa tidyondzo ta ririmi e yunivhesithi ya Afrika Dzonga (1927),
- Russel Marivate – Dokodela (1930),
- Cecil Roy Marivate – Thicara (1933),
- Martin Marivate – Dokodela (1934),
- Maseve Richard Marivate – Thicara wa tidyondzo ta Tinhlayo, loyi a thlomiweke tinsiva to hlaya (1936),
- Desiree N'wamhamba Marivate – Nese,
- Charles Marivate – Dokodela (1942),
Vuqambhi bya vunanga[Lulamisa | edit source]
Marivate a a thlela ava muqambhi wa vunanga bya Xitsonga, a thlela a tsala vunanga bya makhwaya, hiririm ra Xitsonga. Leswi aswiri xihlamariso lexi kulu hi nkarhi wolowo, naswona hi lembe ra 1931, khampani ya Singer Gramophone ya vunanga ya Eric Gallo yi rhumele Marivate na ntlawa wakwe e dorobheni ra Landhani, leswaku vaya rhekhoda vunanga bya Xitsonga na XiVhenda.[6][5]
Nxaxamelo wa vunanga lebyi abyi qambheke:
- Xinkanka (N'wheti ya september nineteenthirtynine)[8][9] – 1939: Department of Education, South Africa.
- Tinsimbi ta Valungu[10] – 1951: International Library of African Music. Muqambhi athlela a yimbelela.
- Serululu[11] – 1951: International Library of African Music. Muqambhi athlela a yimbelela.
- Ben, Ben, Ben[12] – 1954: International Library of African Music. Muqambhi athlela a yimbelela.
- Mbuti ya Shidzwele[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Xidzedze[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Kaya[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Phelindhaba[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Homu yo basa[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Yingisani[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Vamakweru![13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
- Xinyenyani[13] – 1968–1969: Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville.
Vutsari na vuhundzuluxi[Lulamisa | edit source]
"Xitsonga xa ka hina xi nadziha ngopfu, naswona xi na marito lawa yo tala ngopfu ni mavulavulele ya xilo xin'we hi tindlela leto tala ngopfu.
N'wina hinkwenu lava nga ta tsala tibuku endzhaku ka mina ringetani ku kuma mavulavulele ya Xitsonga ku nga ri ku tsala hi miehleketo ya xilungu, swi bihisa ririmi ra hina na ku pingula eka lava va switwaka."
Marivate tsarile no hundzuluxa tibuku to hlaya ta xitsonga, kuhlanganisa na leti landzelaka.
- Sasavona. 1938. Johannesburg: Swiss Mission in South Africa.
- David Livingstone. 1941. Johannesburg: Swiss Mission in South Africa.
- Xiloyiloyi. 1984. Johannesburg: Sasavona.
- Xitsonga Hymnary, Tinsimu ta Vakriste. 1989. 8th edition, revised. Braamfontein Sasavona Publishers.
- Xitsonga Bible translation. 1989. Cape Town: The Bible Society of South Africa (Xirho xa ntlawa wa vahundzuluxi)
Vurhangeri na ku tinyiketela[Lulamisa | edit source]
Marivate akuri munhu wotinyiketela naswona ari murhangeri eka swiyenge swotala evutomini byakwe. Utinyiketele naswona akorhokela swivangelo leswi landzelaka:
- Mutshama-xitulu wa rhavi ra n'walungu ra nhlangano wa mathicara rale Zoutpansberg, kutlula malembe ya khume.
- Mukamberi wa nhlangano ya mathicara ya vantima yale Transvaal, kwalomu ka malembe mambirhi, athlela ava xandla xa murhangeri wa nhlangano leyi, kwalomu ka lembe.
- Mutshama-xitulu wa komiti ya swikolo swa Atteridgeville, athlela ava xandla xa mutshama-xitulu xa bhodo ya ya swikolo swa Atteridhgeville.
- Xandla xa mulanguteri wa vuleteri bya Scout Masters, naswona ava muleteri wa Atteridgeville Scout Troop.
Mintshaho[Lulamisa | edit source]
- ↑ Sunday at home programme during autumn 1931: Application for Passport" - Page 7 - Marivate Papers Repository (UNISA). Retrieved 02 November 2018
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Unsettling Whiteness Archived 2016-04-19 at the Wayback Machine." (2014) Lucy Michael and Samantha Schulz - Inter-Disciplinary Press. Retrieved 31 October 2018
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Huskisson, Y (1992). Black Composers of Southern Africa. uman Sciences Research Council. p. 17 & 66. ISBN 0796912521.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ubisi, L.L (2013). Nkucetelo wa vukriste eku vumbeni ka swimunhuhatwa swa vavasati eka matsakwa ya Sasavona hi D.C. MARIVATE na Rixile hi S.B. NXUMALO) (Thesis). University of Limpopo.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Huskisson, Y (1969). The Bantu composers of Southern Africa. South African Broadcasting Corp. p. 101-103. ISBN 0869651218.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Chabalala Masumbe, BM. (2002). The Swiss Missionaries' management of Social transformation in SOuth Africa (1873-1976) (Thesis). UNISA.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Maluleke, MJ. (2017). The role of Bible translation in enhancing Xitsonga cultural identity (Thesis). University of the Free State.
- ↑ Xinkanka - Musical notes (1939)- Marivate D.C
- ↑ "Xinkanka (A cheetah)" - Translation (1939) -DC Marivate. Retrieved 02 November 2018
- ↑ "Tinsimbi ta Valungu" (1951) song recording - Composer: DC Mativate - South African Music Archive Project. Retrieved 02 November 2018
- ↑ "Serululu" (1951) song recording - Composer: DC Mativate - South African Music Archive Project. Retrieved 02 November 2018
- ↑ "Ben, Ben, Ben" (1954) song recording - Composer: DC Mativate - South African Music Archive Project. Retrieved 02 November 2018
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 "Tsonga Presbyterian Church Attridgeville : record of activities 1968-1969" (1968) Songs composition notes - Composer: DC Mativate - Marivate Papers Repository (UNISA). Retrieved 02 November 2018


text:
Striped Skink
Tswina ya mivhala
Dzina
Tswina ya mivhala
Hune ya wela hone
Tshikokovhi
Nzudzanyo
Squamata
Muṱa
Scincidae
Vhulapfu tshisadzi
60- 90mm
Vhulapfu tshinna
60-90 mm
Ṱhaluso
Heyi ndi tswina yo linganelaho ine ya vha na tshithu tshino nga tshi ya vulea kana u vhonadza nga fhasi ha maṱo. Muvhala uya fhambana uya nga zwigwada zwadzo. Kha nnzhi dzine dza vha dubo lwa vhubvaḓuvha ṱhoho ya ya munna ine ya vha kha zwa mbebo ina muvhala wo no nga wa swiri wo yaho kha buraweni, na mukulo une wa vha na muvhala wa tshitopi.
Zwigwada zwa yo
Dzoṱhe dzi ya wanala kha dzi khonthinethe ṱhukhu. M.s striata, M.s sparsa,M.s.punctatissima na M.s. wahlbergi.
U phaḓaladziwa
Dzo isiwa devhula ha afrika ,vhukovhela kha Transkai ya kale vhubvaḓuvha ha eastern cape , u swikelela na mulamboni wa Orange na Richtersveld , na tshipembe uya Zambia na Angola na vhukovhela ha Namibia.
Kubebele
Dza thungo ha vhukovhela dzi beba vhana vha ubva kha 3-9 tshilimo. Ngeno kha dubo lwa vhubvaḓuvha dzi tshi nga kha ḓi beba ṅwaha woṱhe . Dzi aluwa u ṱavhanya , dza vhibva lwa vhudzekani dzina miṅwedzi ya15- 18.
Kuḽele
Dzi ḽa zwikhokhonono, na zwinwe zwipuka zwiṱuku.


text:
71Kambe Elixa a ku: “Yingisani rito ra HOSI Xikwembu; xi vurisa sweswo xi ri: ‘Mundzuku hi nkarhi wolowu xirhundzu xin'we xa mapa ya koroni, kumbe swirhundzu swimbirhi swa mavele ya maxalana, swi ta vitana malinyana yin'we ntsena ya silivhere, enyangweni ya muti wa Samariya.’ ”enyangweni: Vonani Nhlamuselo ya Marito, eka “nyangwa” 2Kutani ndhunankulu, xandla xa hosi ya Israele, yi ku ka Elixa: “Naloko HOSI Xikwembu hi xiviri xa xona xi nga pfula matilo xi nisa mpfula,Kumbe: naloko xi nga nisa mavele hi ku boxa madulu ya tilo xana mhaka yo tano yi nga tshuka yi endlekile xana?” Elixa a hlamula a ku: “U ta vona swakudya swa kona hi mahlo, kambe a wu nga swi dyi.”
3A ku ri ni vavanuna va mune va nhlokonho lava a va tshamile ehandle ka muti enyangweni. Va byelana va ku: “Hi tshamele yini laha, hi kondza hi fa ke? 4Loko hi ku: ‘A hi ngheneni emutini’, laha va faka hi ndlala, na hina hi ta fela kona; niloko hi tshama kwala, nakona hi ta fa. Loko swi ri tano, a hi yeni hi ya tinyiketa emixaxeni ya Vasiriya; kumbexana a va nga hi dlayi, kutani hi ta hanya; kambe loko va hi dlaya a swi na mhaka, hikuva nasweswi ha fa.” 5Hiloko va suka hi mpimavayeni, va kongoma emixaxeni ya Vasiriya; kambe loko va fika laha yi sukelaka kona, va hlamala ku vona leswaku a ku nga ri na munhu na un'we.
6HOSI Xikwembu a xi endlile leswaku, emixaxeni ya Vasiriya, ku twakala mpfumawulo wa makalichi ni wa tihanci, ni mpfumawulo wa mavuthu lamakulu; kutani Vasiriya a va byelanile va ku: “Vonani, hosi ya Israele yi hi rhamberile tihosi ta Vahiti ni tihosi ta Vaegipta, ti ta hi hlasela.” 7A va balekile loko dyambu ri ya eku peleni, va siya mintsonga ya vona, ni tihanci ta vona swin'we ni timbhongolo, va sukela mixaxa ya vona yi ri sweswi a yi ri swona, va tsutsuma va tiponisa.
8Kuteloko lava nhlokonho va fikile laha mixaxa yi sukelaka kona, va nghena entsongeni wun'wana, va dya, va nwa, kutani va phangha silivhere ni nsuku ni swiambalo, va ya swi fihla. Va tlhela va vuya, va nghena entsongeni wa vumbirhi, va phangha swa wona hinkwaswo, na swona va ya swi fihla. 9Kutani va byelana va ku: “Leswi hi swi endlaka, a hi swona! Namuntlha i siku ra mahungu lamanene, kasi hina ho miyela na wona! Loko hi miyela ku kondza ri xa, hi ta kumeka hi ri ni nandzu. Sweswi ke, a hi yeni hi ya tivisa va le ntsindza.” 10Hiloko va famba, va ya huwelela varindzi va le nyangweni ya muti, va ku: “Hi yile emixaxeni ya Vasiriya. Yingisani! A ku vonaki hambi ku ri ku twakala munhu ni un'we kona. Ko va ni tihanci ni timbhongolo ntsena leti bohiweke; mintsonga ya ha ri sweswi a yi ri swona.” 11Hiloko varindzi va le nyangweni va twarisa mahungu lawa, kutani va tivisa ni va le ntsindza. 12Hosi yi pfuka nivusiku, yi ku ka malandza ya yona: “Ndzi ta mi byela mano lawa Vasiriya va nga hi lukela wona: Va swi tiva leswaku hi ni ndlala. Hikokwalaho, va sukile emixaxeni va ya tumbela enhoveni, hi ku ehleketa leswaku hi ta huma emutini; kutani va ta hi khoma kunene, va ya nghena emutini.” 13Un'wana wa malandza a ku: “Vavanuna va nga ri vangani a va teke tihanci ta ntlhanu eka leti nga sala, hi va rhuma ha tona ku ya kamba Vasiriya; hikuva ha swi vona leswaku Vaisraele hinkwavo lava saleke kwala,Van'wana va ri: tihanci leti saleke kwala va ta lova, ku fana ni lavo tala lava nisweswi va loveke.” 14Kavaloko va hlawula vagadi vambirhi va tihanci ta makalichi,Van'wana va ri: Hiloko va hlawula makalichi mambirhi ni vagadi va tihanci kutani hosi yi va rhuma ku landza mavuthu ya Vasiriya, leswaku va ya kamba leswi humeleleke. 15Va landza mintila ya Vasiriya va ya fika enambyeni wa Yordani, kutani va hlamala ku vona ndlela hinkwayo yi lo n'wálálálá, hi swiambalo ni swigotso leswi Vasiriya va swi cukumeteke loko va tsutsuma. Kutani varhumiwa va tlhela va ya vikela hosi.
16Kan'we-kan'we vanhu va huma emutini va ya phangha swa le mixaxeni ya Vasiriya. Swi fika laha xirhundzu xin'we xa mapa ya koroni, kumbe swirhundzu swimbirhi swa mavele ya maxalana, swi vitanaka malinyana yin'we ntsena ya silivhere, hilaha HOSI Xikwembu xi vuleke hakona. 17Hosi a yi lerisile ndhunankulu, xandla xa yona, ku ya fambisa ntirho wa le nyangweni, kambe vanhu loko va huma emutini, va n'wi kandziyela kwala nyangweni, a fa; kovaloko ku hetiseka leswi vuriweke hi munhu wa Xikwembu, siku murhumiwa a humeleleke eka yena.Van'wana va ri: siku hosi yi humeleleke eka yena. Vonani 6:33 18Hi siku ra kona, Elixa a a tivisile hosi a ku: “Mundzuku, enkarhini wolowu, swirhundzu swimbirhi swa mavele ya maxalana, ni xirhundzu xin'we xa mapa ya koroni, swi ta vitana malinyana yin'we ntsena ya silivhere, enyangweni ya muti wa Samariya.” 19Kutani ndhunankulu a yi hlamurile munhu wa Xikwembu yi ku: “Naloko HOSI Xikwembu hi xiviri xa xona xi nga pfula matilo xi nisa mpfula, xana mhaka yo tano yi nga tshuka yi endlekile xana ke?” Kutani Elixa a a hlamurile a ku: “U ta vona swakudya swa kona hi mahlo, kambe a wu nga swi dyi!” 20Kunene swi n'wi humelerisile sweswo: Vanhu va muti va n'wi kandziyerile enyangweni, a fa.


text:
Vatshami vosungula va tiko ra namuntlha ra Lesotho ku ehleketeleriwa leswaku akuri rixaka rama San, lavanga siya ndzhaka yikulu yaku pendiwa ka mabaku.
Vanhu vosungula vaku vulavula ririmi ra Bantu akuri mintlawa yinharhu yava Nguni, va Phatla, va Polane, xikan’we nava Phuthi, lavanga tsemakanya tintshava ta Drakensberg kusuka evuxeni hi magandlati yanharhu kutani vafika vatshama eminkoveni e dzongeni vuhumadyambu bya nambu wa Mohokare, Caledon River.
Kwalomuya kuheleni ka malembe yava 17th century, ku landzela tihosi tava Sotho, va Peli, va Phuthing, va Sia kukatsa nava Tlokoa vafikile endzhawini liya kusuka e nwalungu vupela dyambu. Endzhaku ka vona kufike mintlawa ya VaSotho, leyi katsaka va Koena, va Fokeng na vasTaung.
Eku sunguleni kava 19th century loko Shaka akurisa rixaka rayena ra maZulu, kuve na ganglati raku pfumala ntshamiseko leringa hlasela tiko leri rohola. VaSotho etintshaveni naswona evupela dyambu bya tona hilaha namuntlha hinge hile Lesotho, Basutoland hi minkarhi ya khale, akutani hile vuhuma dyambu hilaha namuntlha hinge hile Free State laha nakona aku khumbekile.
Kulwa swihundzuke swa un’wana na un’wana, vuhosi byi hangalaka, masimu ya onhiwa, nyimpi yiti nyika matimba kutani vanhu lava avari hava ndlela yin’wana vahetelela vadya nyama ya vanhu van’wana.
Moshoeshoe, hosi ya va Koena, u tirhise maendlelo ya vusocha xikan’we na ntokoto wa tipolotiki kuva a hlula valala vayena. U hlengelete nhlayo leyikulaka ya valandzeri, hinkwavo kusuka eka valala lava vanga hluriwa kukatsa nalava vatsutsumaka nyimpi, lava vanga hundzuka valandzeri votshembeka xikan’we nakuva swirho swa vuhosi lebyi kulaka laha kungahetelela kuhundzuke tiko ra Lesotho.
Moshoeshoe u swikotile ku tirhisa maendlelo yaku yisa vanhu vakwe eka tintshava letingana ripala letinga fikelelekiki laha vangata kota kuti sirhelela kona kutani vayimela nhlaselo lowutaka na mavuthu lawa yanga hlasela ndzhawu liya, valava vanhu kuva vutla. U sungule hiku tirhisa tintshava leti vuriwaka Butha Buthe kusuhi nalaha namuntlha kunga doroba leringana vito lerifanaka.
Endzhaku ka nkarhi vateke ndzhawu yikulu ya tintshava, Thaba Bosiu, evuhuma dyambu bya Maseru. Leyi ayiri ndzhawu yakwe leyi ayi fuma, u vumbile vuthu ra vavanuna rotiyela, laha anga hlula lava ava ringeta ku nghena eka ndzhawu yayena.
Hi 1831 ari murhangeri loyi anga hluriwangiki wa rixaka leri rahakau vumbiwaka ra Vasotho eka ndzhawu leyi yinga kula kuya fika e vupela dyambu bya laha namuntlha kunga ndzelekano wa Lesotho. Va Rolong kuya evupela dyambu, Va Taung kuya hile dzongeni kutani Va Tlokoa vari evuhuma dyambu bya ndzhawu ya Moshoeshoe leyi ari na nhlohletelo eka yona.
Moshoeshoe ari munhu loyi ari na vutivi, murhangeri wa xivono loyi atekiwaka tani hi nhenha ya Afrika. Hikwalaho ka vutlhari, kunga heli mbilu xikan’we naku kota ku hlohletela, u endlile ndzhavuko lowufanana xikanwe na kutshembeka eka tipolotiki ta valandzeri vayena.
U kotile ku amukela colonization hiku kota ku tolovela mahanyelo ya Vasotho xikan’we na maendlelo ya ndzhavuko arikarhi anga onheli munhu. Kusukela ekusunguleni kava 19th century vaxavisi, vahloti na vahlampfa vahundzile hile ka ndzhawu ya nhlohletelo ya Moshoeshoe hi nhlayo yale henhla. Uvone leswo, loko nhlayo yava koloni yiya yitlakuka, kungava na ntlimbo lowunga tlakukaka.
Avona swifanerile leswaku vanhu vayena vafanele vakuma dyondzo ya xilungu leswaku vata kota ku phikizana na misava leyintshwa, u rhumele van’wani va vana va yena va majaha exikolweni e Cape Town.
U rhambile va Paris Evangelical Missionary Society kuva vasungula xitichi xa kereke e Basutoland, kutani Messrs Arbousset, Casalis na Gosselin vaya tshama e Morija, kusuhi nale Thaba Bosiu, hi June 1833.
Loko nhlayo ya valungu yiya yitlakuka (Boers) vasungule ku endla mapurasi eka misava leyinga nona evupela dyambu bya Mohokare, ntshikelelo eka misava wunyanya kuya emahlweni. Mavandla yantshwa ya tipolotiki ya simekiwa kutani kusungula kuyivelana swifuwo exikarhi ka valungu (Boers) na Basotho.
Moshoeshoe alava kupfuniwa kusuka eka 'great white queen of the English', Queen Victoria, laha a kombela nsirhelelo eka valungu 'Boers'. Leswi swivuye swipfumeleriwa hi lembe ra 1848, kutani British Resident Commissioner ayisiwa kuya tshama etikweni leri.
Endzhaku ka ntsevu wa malembe uvuye atekiwa a tlhelela kaya loko Basutoland yi hoxiwa kuva xiphemu xa Cape Colony. Moshoeshoe, avilerisiwa hiku chaviseriwa hi mabunu 'Boer', nakambe aya kombela nsirhelelo wa Britain. Hi 1868 Basutoland yivuriwa ndzhawu ya Britain, kutani Basotho bahaMoshoeshoe, vanhu va King Moshoeshoe, vahundzuka malandza ya Britain.
Hi 1870 hosi ya Vasotho leyi ayi khalabyile yivuye yi lova, yiri nantsako wa kutiva leswaku vanhu vayona avari emavokweni ya Queen'. Ndzhaka yayona akuri vuhosi bya yona lebyi abyi vumbe vanhu vava nyandza yinwe tani hi Vasotho va Lesotho. Hiku endliwa ka ndzhavuko lowu fanaka, unyikile Vasotho tiko ra vona, xikan’we na matimba kutiyimela loko vahlangana na valala.
Hambi leswi minkarhi yin’wana Vasotho va Moshoeshoe ava hlaseriwa hi maZulu, Matabele, Boer xikan’we nama Briton, avanga hluriwi enyimpini.
Endzhaku ka rifu rayena, vana vayena va majaha vayile emahlweni vatiyisa yindlu ya vuhosi. Kufikela namuntlha lavanga tswariwa endzhaku kayena, vadyi vandzhaka ya vuhosi bya Vasotho, hitona tihosi eka tindzhawu totala tale Lesotho xikan’we na tindhzawu tale kusuhi tani hile Matatiele exifundzheni xa Eastern Cape. Vuhosi bya namuntlha bya King Letsie Ill loyi anga vekiwa hi lembe ra 1997.Translated by Ike Ngobeni


text:
211Josafati a dzama, a yo swiṱwa zwaloni zwa musanda Muḓini wa Dafita. Ṅwana wawe Jehoramu a vha khosi vhudzuloni hawe.
2Vharathu vha Jehoramu, vhana vha Josafati khosi ya Israele, vho vha vhe vhaṱanu na muthihi, ndi Azaria na Jehiele na Zakaria na Azariahu na Mikaele na Shefatia. 3Khotsi avho o vha ṋea zwifhiwa zwinzhi zwa siliva na musuku na zwithu zwa mutengo muhulu, khathihi na miḓi yo tangedzwaho nga mitsheṱo kha ḽa Juda, hone vhuhosi a vhu ṋea Jehoramu nge a vha e ene tanzhe. 4Musi Jehoramu o no ṱoka midzi muvhusoni wa khotsi awe, a vhulaha vharathu vhawe vhoṱhe, a ita na u vhulaha na maṅwe magota a Israele.
5Jehoramu o vha khosi e na miṅwaha ya 32, a vhusa e Jerusalema a fhedza miṅwaha miṱanu na miraru. 6Jehoramu a kanda vhuṱalani ha khosi Ahaba na ha maṅwe mahosi a Israele, nge a dzea ṅwananyana wa Ahaba. A ita zwi sa takadzi Muṋe washu. 7Naho zwo ralo, Muṋe washu o vha a sa funi u lozwa nnḓu ya Dafita, ngauri o vha o vhofha mulanga na Dafita, a fulufhedzisa uri vhaḓuhulu vhawe vha ḓo vhusa lini na lini.
8Misi ya Jehoramu Vhaedomo vha shandukela Juda, vha vhea khosi yavho. 9Jehoramu a takuwa na magota awe na gariki dzawe dzoṱhe a yo dia shango ḽa Edomo. Mmbi ya Vhaedomo ya tanga Jehoramu na vhalangi vhawe vha dzigariki, hone vhukati ha vhusiku vha vuwa vha tshoṱha vha shavha. 10Vhaedomo vho shandukela Juda u swika na ṋamusi. Misi yeneyo vha muḓi wa Libina na vhone vha shandukela Jehoramu, nge a vha o ṱutshela Muṋe washu Mudzimu wa vhokhotsi awe. 11Jehoramu a ita na u fhaṱa zwitembele zwa midzimu mivhunduni ya Juda, a kunga vhathu vha Jerusalema uri vha shandukele Muṋe washu, a xedza vhathu vha Juda.
12Muporofita Elia a ṅwalela Jehoramu luṅwalo lwe lwa ri, “Muṋe washu Mudzimu wa makhulukuku wau Dafita u ri, ‘Iwe a wo ngo kanda vhuṱalani ha khotsi au khosi Josafati, na ha makhulu wau, Asa khosi ya Juda. 13Wo kanda vhuṱalani ha mahosi a Israele, wa kunga vhathu vha Juda na Jerusalema vha shandukela Mudzimu, u ḓi nga zwe zwa itwa nga nnḓu ya Ahaba. Wo ita na u vhulaha vharathu vhau vhana vha khotsi au, vhe vha vha vhe vhavhuya u fhira iwe. 14Zwino-ha, Muṋe washu u ḓo ṱuwa a tshi ṱungufhadza vhathu vhau na vhana vhau na vhafumakadzi vhau, a phusukanya zwoṱhe zwine wa vha nazwo. 15
12:23
Iwe u ḓo farwa nga vhulwadze ha dangani vhune ha ḓo ḓi hulela vhu tshi ya, mala au a vhuya a bvela nnḓa.’ ”
16Muṋe washu a ritha Vhafilista na Maarabia vhe vha vha vha tshi dzula tsini na Vhakushu, vha vutshela Jehoramu. 17Vha levhela vhathu vha Juda, vha dia shango, vha ṱangula nnḓu ya khosi, vha hwala thundu yoṱhe vha ṱuwa nayo, vha ita na u thuba vhafumakadzi vhawe na vhana vhawe vha vhatuka vha ṱuwa navho, a tou sala na Ahasia mutukana wawe wa phedzi.
18Ngavhuya Muṋe washu a ḓisela Jehoramu vhulwadze ha dangani vhu sa lafhei. 19Musi hu tshi fhela ṅwaha wa vhuvhili, mala awe a bvela nnḓa nga uho vhulwadze, a dzama a tshi tambula zwihulu. Vhathu vho vha vha tshi ḓi vhasa mulilo wa u lila khosi i tshi dzama, hone Jehoramu a vho ngo mu vhasela.
20Jehoramu o vha khosi e na miṅwaha ya 32, a vhusa e Jerusalema a fhedza miṅwaha miṱanu na miraru. Jehoramu a dzama, ha si vhe na we a vhuya a pfa vhuṱungu, a swiṱwa Muḓini wa Dafita, hone a si swiṱwe zwaloni zwa mahosi.


text:
11
Haya ndi mafhungo maḓifha a Yesu Khristo Murwa wa Mudzimu.Dziṅwe ṱhanzi dza kale a dzi buli uri “Murwa wa Mudzimu”.
2
O thoma nga he zwa ṅwalwa buguni ya muporofita Yesaya hu tshi pfi,
“Muḓinḓa wanga ngoyu-ha;
ndi khou mu ruma phanḓa hau
uri a u lugisele nḓila.
3
Yes. 40:3
Ndi a huwelelaho sogani.
U ri, ‘Lugiselani Muṋe washu nḓila,
i tou tswititi, i tshimbilee.’ ”
4Ndi zwe Johanisi Mulovhedzi a ḓa sogani a tshi ḓivhadza mafhungo a Mudzimu a uri vhathu vha laṱe vhuvhi havho vha lovhedzwe, Mudzimu a vha hangwele vhutshinyi havho. 5Shango ḽoṱhe ḽa Judia na muḓi woṱhe wa Jerusalema wa ya u mu thetshelesa, vha bula vhutshinyi havho, a konou vha lovhedza mulamboni wa Jorodani.
6
Johanisi o vha o ambara nguvho ya vhukuse ha gamela, khunduni o i vhofha nga bannda ya mukumba, zwiḽiwa zwawe zwi nzie na ṋotshi dza ḓaka. 7
A vha vhudza a ri, “Hu si kale hu ḓo ḓa ane a mphira kule, lune ndi si vhuye nda fanela na u kotama nda vhofholola navhula dzawe. 8
2:4
11:15
19:4
Nṋe ndi ni lovhedza nga maḓi, hone Ene u ḓo ni lovhedza nga Muya Mukhethwa.”
9Misi iyo Yesu a ṱuwa Nazaretha, shangoni ḽa Galelia, a yo lovhedzwa nga Johanisi mulamboni wa Jorodani. 10
Musi Yesu a tshi bva maḓini, kathihi fhedzi a vhona lutombo lu tshi fhanduwa, Muya Mukhethwa a tshi khou tsela khae e kha tshivhumbeo tsha ḽiivha. 11
Ha pfala ipfi ḽi bvaho ṱaḓulu ḽi tshi ri, “U Murwa wanga muthihi fhedzi, u a ntakadza.”
12Muya a mbo ḓi mu hwala a mu isa sogani. 13
1 Mah. 19:8
Henengei a fhedza maḓuvha a 40 e vhukati ha zwivhanda, Saṱhane a tshi khou mu linga. Zwo no ralo ha ḓa vharuṅwa vha mu shumela.
14Musi Johanisi o no hoṋelwa dzhele Yesu a ya Galelia u ḓivhadza mafhungo maḓifha a Mudzimu 15
a ri, “Tshifhinga ndi tshone, ni ḓo ṱuwa ni tshi vhuswa nga Mudzimu. Laṱani-ha vhuvhi haṋu ni tende mafhungo maḓifha.”
16Huno Yesu a tshi khou tshimbila khunzikhunzini ya Dzivha ḽa Galelia, a vhona vharei vha khovhe vhavhili, Simoni na murathu wawe Andrisi, vha tshi khou rea khovhe nga mambule; 17a amba navho a ri, “Iḓani ni vhe vhafunziwa vhanga, ndi ni funze u vha vhafashi vha vhathu.” 18
Vhone vha ṱutshela mambule avho na zwenezwo, vha vha vhafunziwa vhawe.
19A tshi fhirela phanḓa, a wana Jakopo ṅwana wa Zebedia e na Johanisi murathu wawe, hu hone vha tshi khou dzudzanya mambule avho tshikepeni tshavho. 20
Yesu a vha vhidza, vha mbo ḓi sia khotsi avho na vhashumi tshikepeni vha vha vhafunziwa vhawe.
21
Vha swika muḓini wa Kapernaumi. Nga Sabatha Yesu a dzhena sinagogoni a funza. 22
Vhathu vha kanuka pfunzo yawe, ngauri o vha a sa funzi sa vhaḓivhi vha Mulayo, a tshi tou pfala e Ene Muṋe wa mafhungo.
23Zwenezwo muṅwe munna we a vha e na thuṅwa ya Saṱhane, a ṱavha mukosi a ri, 24
“U ṱoḓani fhano Iwe Yesu wa Nazaretha? Kani-ha ndi hone wo ḓa u ri lozwa? Iwe ndi a u ḓivha: U muḓinḓa mukhethwa wa Mudzimu.” 25Yesu a i kaidza a ri, “Fhumula iwe, u bve kha hoyu muthu!” 26Iyo thuṅwa ya khwiḓukanya uyo munna, ya ṱavha mukosi muhulu ha mbo ḓi vha u bva hayo. 27Zwa akhamadza vhathu vhoṱhe lwe vha thoma u vhudzisana vha ri, “Nṋa ndi mini izwi? Kani ndi yone pfunzo ntswa i no tou vha na maanḓa mangafha? Henefha hune a kaidza na thuṅwa dza mu pfa!” 28Zwi tshi ralo bvumo ḽa Yesu ḽa mbo ḓi pfala hoṱhe-hoṱhe shangoni ḽa Galelia.
29U bva henefho sinagogoni ha vha u ya hayani ha Simoni na Andrisi vhe na Jakopo na Johanisi. 30Makhulutshisadzi wa Simoni vho vha vho rwelwa fhasi nga biso, muvhili woṱhe u tshi tou duga. Yesu a mbo vhudzwa eneo mafhungo. 31
A ya a mu fara nga tshanḓa a mu vusa, a mbo ḓi fhola a vha bikela.
32Nga madekwana ḽi tshi vho swifhala, vha ḓisa vhalwadze vhoṱhe ha Yesu, na vha na thuṅwa dza Saṱhane. 33Muḓi woṱhe wa kuvhangana muṱani wonoyo. 34
Yesu a fhodza vhanzhi vha malwadze o fhambanaho, a pandela na thuṅwa nnzhi kha vhathu. Huno vhunga dzo vha dzi tshi ḓivha uri ndi Ene nnyi, ho ngo vhuya a dzi tendela dzi tshi zwi bula.
35
Nga matshelo Yesu a fhinduwa hu tshee vhusiku a yo rabela sogani. 36Simoni na vhaḽa vhaṅwe vha bva vha yo mu ṱoḓa. 37Vha tshi mu wana vha ri, “Vhathu vhoṱhe vha khou vha lila.” 38Yesu a mbo ri, “Hafhu ri kha ḓi ḓo dzhena na kha miṅwe miḓi henefhano, ndi vha ḓivhadze-vho mafhungo maḓifha, vhunga ndo ḓela zwone.”
39Ndi zwe Yesu a ṱanganya ḽoṱhe ḽa Galelia, a tshi ri u funza sinagogoni, a dovha a pandela na thuṅwa dza Saṱhane.
40Ha ḓa munna khae a lwalaho vhulwadze ha lukanda vhu kumadzaho; onoyo a gwadama a mu losha a ri, “Muṋe wanga, hufha vhe na maanḓa a u mphodza; a thi fhodzwi-vho?” 41Yesu a mu pfela vhuṱungu,Dziṅwe ṱhanzi dza kale dzi ri, “Yesu a dinalea”. a isa tshanḓa tshawe a mu kwama a ri, “Na zwino, fholani zwaṋu.” 42A mbo ḓi fhola na zwenezwo, a sala o tou swoto. 43
7:36
Yesu a mu pandela a tshi amba o tou halifha a ri, 44
Luk. 17:14
“Ni a vhona, ni songo vhuya na zwi vhudza muthu, tshaṋu ni mbo ḓi ya ha tshifhe uri a ni vhone, ni konou ṋekedza tshipfumelo tshe ra laedzwa nga Mushe, tshi vhe hone vhuṱanzi kha nnyi na nnyi ha uri no fhola.” 45
Hone uyo munna u ṱuwa henefho ha mbo ḓi vha u thoma u anḓadza ayo mafhungo, lwe Yesu zwa vho mu konḓela u tshimbila vhathuni; a vho tou dzula masogani; hone na henefho vhathu vha ḓi mu tevhela vha tshi bva thungo dzoṱhe.


text:
81Huno Mudzimu a elelwa Nua na phukha dzoṱhe dza ḓaka na zwifuwo zwe zwa vha zwi nae tshikepeni, a ḓisa muya wa vhudzula ḽifhasi, maḓi a thoma u tsa, 2zwisima zwa mativha na mabuli a muḓalo wa maḓi a re lutomboni zwa hoṋiwa, mvula ya pfula. 3Maḓi o tibaho ḽifhasi a fhungudzea nga zwiṱuku. Musi hu tshi fhela maḓuvha a 150, maḓi a vha o no fhungudzea, 4nga ḓuvha ḽa 17 ḽa ṅwedzi wa vhuṱanu na vhuvhili, tshikepe tsha dzula kha thavha ya Ararathi. 5Maḓi a ḓi fhungudzea a tshi ya u swika nga ṅwedzi wa fumi, huno nga ḓuvha ḽa u ranga ḽa ṅwedzi wa fumi miṱumba ya dzithavha ya thoma u vhonala.
6Musi ho no fhela maḓuvha a 40, Nua a vula fasiṱere ḽa tshikepe ḽe a vha o kwea, 7a ruma funguvhu, ḽa ḓi fhufha ḽi tshi ya phanḓa na murahu maḓi o tibaho ḽifhasi a vhuya a xa. 8A konou ruma ḽiivha u yo sedza arali maḓi o no tsa, mavu a tshi vho vhonala. 9Hone ḽiivha ḽa si wane fhethu hune ḽa nga kavha hone, ngauri shango ḽo vha ḽi tshee ḽo ḓala maḓi; ḽa humela ha Nua tshikepeni. A bvisa tshanḓa tshawe, a dzhia ḽiḽa ḽiivha a ḽi humisela hune a vha hone ngomu tshikepeni. 10A lindela maṅwe maḓuvha maṱanu na mavhili, a dovha a ruma ḽiivha. 11Huno musi ḽiivha ḽi tshi humela khae nga madekwana, ḽa ḓa ḽo khuba ṱari ḽiṋu ḽa muolivi. Ndi hone Nua a tshi vho ḓivha uri maḓi a re shangoni o tsa. 12A lindela ha fhela maṅwe maḓuvha maṱanu na mavhili, a dovha hafhu a ruma ḽiivha, ḽone ḽa si tsha vhuya.
13Huno nga ḓuvha ḽa u ranga ḽa ṅwedzi wa u ranga, Nua ó no vha na miṅwaha ya 601, maḓi a vha o no xa shangoni. Ndi hone Nua a tshi rula ṱhanga ya tshikepe, a vhona uri mavu a nṱha o oma. 14Nga ḓuvha ḽa 27 ḽa ṅwedzi wa vhuvhili ḽifhasi ḽa vha ḽo no oma tshoṱhe.
15Ndi hone Mudzimu a tshi amba na Nua a ri, 16“Ibva tshikepeni, iwe na musadzi wau na vhana vhau na vhasadzi vhavho. 17Vulela tshakha dzoṱhe dza zwivhumbwa dzi re na iwe – zwiṋoni na zwifuwo na zwivhumbwa zwoṱhe zwine zwa kokovha mavuni, uri zwi ḓadze ḽifhasi, zwi bebe, zwi ande khaḽo.” 18Huno Nua a bvela nnḓa, khathihi na vhana vhawe vha vhatuka, na musadzi wawe, na vhasadzi vha vhana vhawe. 19Phukha dzoṱhe na zwivhumbwa zwoṱhe zwi kokovhaho mavuni, na zwiṋoni zwoṱhe – zwoṱhe zwi tshilaho shangoni, zwa bva tshikepeni zwi tshi tevhekana nga dzitshakha.
20Huno Nua a fhaṱela Muṋe washu aḽiṱari, a dzhia zwiṅwe zwa zwifuwo zwoṱhe zwi ḽiwaho na zwiṋoni zwi ḽiwaho, a ṋekedza Muṋe washu zwiṱhavhelo khayo. 21
Ef. 5:2
Muṋe washu a pfa zwi tshi nukhelela, a amba nga mbilu a ri, “A thi tsha ḓo dovha nda teketela mavu nga mulandu wa muthu, hufha nzulele yawe yo tshingamela vhuvhini u bva hanani hawe. A thi tsha ḓo dovha nda lozwa zwivhumbwa zwoṱhe zwi tshilaho sa zwe nda ita.
22“Musi shango ḽi tshee hone,
zwifhinga zwa u zwala na u kaṋa,
u rothola na u fhisa,
tshilimo na vhuriha,
vhusiku na masiari,
zwi ḓo ḓi vha hone.”


text:
201Endzhaku ka sweswo, Vamowabu ni Vaamoni ni Vamehuni van'wana va huma nyimpi va ya lwa na Yoxafati. 2Kutani vanhu van'wana va ya eka yena va fika va ku: “Masocha lama humaka etikweni ra EdomuVan'wana va ri: lama humaka etikweni ra Aramu le ntsungeni wa Lwandle-ra-ku-fa, ma le ndleleni, ma tela ku ta ku hlasela; sweswi hi vulavulaka, va le Hasasoni-Tamara!” A va vula le Eni-Gedi. 3Kutani Yoxafati a tshuka ngopfu, a khongela HOSI Xikwembu, kutani a lerisa leswaku etikweni hinkwaro ra Yuda, vanhu va titsona swakudya. 4Kutani va ka Yuda va huma emitini ya vona hinkwayo, va ya hlengeletana endhawini yin'we, va khongela HOSI Xikwembu, va kombela ku pfuniwa.
5Kutani Yoxafati a suka a yima exikarhi ka nhlengeletano ya vanhu va ka Yuda ni vaaki va Yerusalema, va ri eTempeleni va langutene ni xivava lexintshwa, 6a khongela a ku: “We HOSI, Xikwembu xa vatata wa hina, hi wena Xikwembu xa le matilweni! Xana a hi wena u fumaka mimfumo hinkwayo laha misaveni ke? Ina, u ni matimba hinkwawo, ku hava loyi a nga lwaka na wena. 7
Yak. 2:23
We Xikwembu xa hina, hi wena u hlongoleke vanhu lava khale a va tshama etikweni leri, kutani va sukile emahlweni ka Vaisraele vanhu va wena. Tiko ra kona u ri nyikile vatukulu va Abrahama munghana wa wena, ri va ra vona hilaha ku nga heriki. 8Va kumile vutshamo eka rona, kutani va ku akerile ni Tempele, va ku: 9‘Loko hi wela hi khombo, ni loko hi hlaseriwa hi tinyimpi kumbe ntungu kumbe tindlala, hi ta yima emahlweni ka Tempele ni le mahlweni ka wena, hikuva u kumeka endhawini leyi; hi ta ku byela maxangu ya hina, kutani wena u ta hi yingisa, u hi lamulela.’ 10
Loko Vaisraele va huma le Egipta, wena a wu pfumelanga leswaku va herisa Vaamoni, ni Vamowabu, ni va le ntshaveni ya Seyira; u byerile Vaisraele leswaku va va papalata, va nga va hlaseli. Kutani sweswi, vona leswi va swi endlaka we HOSI: 11Va nkhensa tintswalo ta hina hi ku hi tekela tiko leri u nga hi nyika rona leswaku ri va ndzhaka ya hina. 12We Xikwembu xa hina, xana vanhu lava u ta va tshika ntsena u nga va bi xana? Hina hi hava matimba yo lwa ni ntshungu wo tarisa leswi, lowu wu taka ku ta hi hlasela. A hi tivi lexi hi nga xi endlaka, hi tshembile wena ntsena!”
13Vavanuna hinkwavo va ka Yuda a va yimile emahlweni ka HOSI Xikwembu, va ri ni vasati va vona, ni vana va vona lavakulu ni lavatsongo. 14Kutani moya wa HOSI Xikwembu wu xikela eka Yahaziele n'wana Zakariya, wa Benaya, wa Yehiele, wa Mataniya, Mulevhi wa va ka Asafa loyi a a ri enhlengeletanweni, 15
kutani a ku: “Yingisani hinkwenu vanhu va tiko ra Yuda, na n'wina vaaki va Yerusalema, na wena hosi Yoxafati! HOSI Xikwembu xi vulavula na n'wina xi ri, mi nga chaveni, mi nga tshuki mi hela matimba, loko mi vona ntshungu lowukulu lowu, hikuva a hi n'wina mi nga ta lwa nyimpi leyi, kambe yi ta lwiwa hi Xikwembu. 16Mundzuku, rhelelani mi ya hlangana na vona: Va ta ta hi le xiphandzeni xa Sisi, mi ta va kuma loko va ri karhi va nghena enkoveni lowu langutanaka ni mananga ya Yeruwele evuxeni. 17Enyimpini leyi, n'wina a mi nga lwi, fambani mi ya yima etindhawini ta n'wina mi languta hilaha HOSI Xikwembu xi nga ta mi hlulela valala hakona, n'wina va ka Yuda ni va le Yerusalema. Mi nga chavi, naswona mi nga heli matimba; mundzuku, fambani mi ya lwa na vona, HOSI Xikwembu xi ta va na n'wina.”
18Kutani Yoxafati a nkhinsama, a korhama, nhloko ya yena yi ko yi khumba hansi, na vona va ka Yuda hinkwavo ni vaaki va Yerusalema va nkhinsamela HOSI Xikwembu va xi gandzela. 19Kutani Valevhi va mindyangu ya ka Kohata ni ya ka Kora va sungula ku dzunisa HOSI, Xikwembu xa Israele, hi rito leri tlakukeke swinene.
20Kutani vanhu hinkwavo va hubuta va huma eYerusalema, va kongoma emananga ya Tekowa; loko va ri karhi va huma, Yoxafati a yima exikarhi ka vona a huwelela a ku: “Yingisani n'wina va ka Yuda na n'wina va le Yerusalema: Mi fanele ku pfumela eka HOSI Xikwembu xa n'wina, hi kona mi nga ta tiya; tshembani marito ya vaprofeta va xona, kutani mi ta hlula!” 21Kutani loko Yoxafati a twananile ni vanhu va yena, a hlawula ntlawa wa vayimbeleri lava nga ta rhangela mavuthu, va ambarile swiambalo swa vona leswo hlawuleka, va famba va ri karhi va dzunisa HOSI Xikwembu va ku:
“Tlangelani HOSI,
hikuva rirhandzu ra yona hi leri nga heriki!”
22Loko vayimbeleri lava va sungula ku ba minkulungwana va dzunisa HOSI Xikwembu, xona xi rhuma vanhu van'wana va ya tumbelela ni ku hangalasa Vaamoni ni Vamowabu ni va Ntshava ya Seyira, lava a va ta ku ta lwa ni va ka Yuda. 23Kutani va sungula ku dlayana hi xivona, Vaamoni ni Vamowabu va hlengela Vaseyira va va herisa va ku bì. Kutani va sala va dlayana, va lovisa sweswo hinkwavo.
24Loko va ka Yuda va fika ehenhla ka xintshabyana va languta emananga, va ehleketa leswaku va ta vona ntshungu wa valala, kambe vo vona mintsumbu ntsena yi lo n'wálálálá, ku nga ponanga na un'we wa mhamba. 25Kutani Yoxafati ni vanhu va yena va hatla va ya phangha nhundzu ya valala, va kuma swifuwo leswo tala, ni matlhari, ni swiambalo,Van'wana va ri: va kuma exikarhi ka vona tinhundzu leto tala ni mintsumbu ni swibya swa nkoka; va sungula ku swi tleketla, kambe swi va tsandza. Ntirho lowu wa ku phangha wu tekile masiku manharhu, hikuva nhundzu ya kona a yi tele ngopfu. 26Hi siku ra vumune, va hlengeletana eka Rivala-ra-Beraka, (hileswaku Rivala-ra-ku-tlangela), va tlangela HOSI Xikwembu va ri erivaleni rero. (Vito ra “Beraka” ra ha tirhisiwa ninamuntlha.) 27Kutani va ka Yuda ni vaaki va le Yerusalema va tlhelela ekaya va rhangeriwe hi Yoxafati, va ri karhi va yimbelela hi ku tsaka, hikuva HOSI Xikwembu a xi va tsakisile ngopfu hi ku va hlulela valala. 28Loko va fika eYerusalema, va kongoma eTempeleni va ri karhi va chaya tiharipa ni switende, va ba ni tinanga. 29Kutani loko vanhu va mimfumo yin'wana va twa leswaku HOSI Xikwembu xi lwerile Vaisraele ni ku va hlulela valala, va khomiwa hi ku chava lokukulu. 30Kutani Yoxafati a va ni ku rhula eku fumeni ka yena, hikuva Xikwembu a xi n'wi lwerile eka valala matlhelo hinkwawo.
31Loko Yoxafati a sungula ku fuma tiko ra Yuda, a a ri ni malembe ya 35, kutani a fuma malembe ya 25 a ri eYerusalema. Mana wa yena a a ri Azuba N'wa-Xilihi. 32Yoxafati a hanya hi tindlela ta tata wa yena Asa, a nga ti tshiki, a ri karhi a endla leswi lulameke emahlweni ka HOSI Xikwembu. 33Hambiswiritano, mintirho ya le switsungeni leswo hlawuleka a yi tshikiwanga; va ka Yuda a va nga si tshemba Xikwembu xa vatata wa vona hi ku hetiseka.
34Kutani mintirho leyin'wana hinkwayo ya Yoxafati yi tsariwile ebukwini ya “Matimu ya Yehu n'wana Hanani”, xi nga xiphemu xa “Matimu ya Tihosi ta Israele”.
35Endzhaku ka sweswo, Yoxafati a endla xinakulobye na Ahaziya hosi ya Israele, munhu wa mintirho leyo homboloka. 36Va twanana ku aka tingalava to kota leti yaka eTarxixi; tingalava teto ti akiwile le Esiyoni-Gebere. 37Kambe muprofeta Eliezere n'wana Dodavhahu wa le Marexa a ya byela Yoxafati a ku: “Leswi u nga boha xinakulobye na hosi Ahaziya, tiva leswaku HOSI Xikwembu xi ta onha tingalava leti u ti akeke.” Hakunene tingalava ta kona ti vile ti fayeteriwa hi xidzedze, a ta ha yanga helo!


text:
221
“U songo ri u tshi vhona kholomo ya muṅwe kana nngu kana mbudzi yó xela wa sokou i litsha; u fanela u i humisela khae. 2Arali muṋe wayo a tshi dzula kule, kana arali u sa ḓivhi uri ndi nnyi, u fanela u dzhia tshifuwo itsho wa tshi khadela hayani hau, wa dzula natsho muṋe watsho a vhuya a tshi ṱoḓa, wa konou mu ṋea. 3Zwi ḓi nga donngi kana tshiambaro kana thundu iṅwe na iṅwe ya muṅwe yo ngalangalaho, arali u tshi i wana u songo sokou i litsha.
4“Arali u tshi ṱangana na donngi kana kholomo ya muṅwe yó tsikeledzwa nga muhwalo nḓilani, u songo sokou i litsha, mu farise a i vuse.
5“Musadzi ha ambari tshiambaro tsha munna, zwi ḓi nga munna a sa ambari tsha musadzi; ane a nga ita hezwo u tou nengisa Muṋe washu Mudzimu waṋu.
6“Arali u tshi wana tshiṱaha tsha tshiṋoni murini kana fhasi mavuni, wa vhona tshiṋoni tshi tshi khou alamela makumba kana tsho fukedza mafhondo, u songo dzhia mme khathihi na makumba; 7litsha mme a fhufhe u konou dzhia mafhondo, ndi hone zwi tshi ḓo u nakela wa lalama.
8“Arali u tshi ḓifhaṱela nnḓu ntswa u fanela u vhiela muṱa u re nṱha ha ṱhanga nga guḓa uri muthu a sa ḓo wela fhasi e nṱha ha ṱhanga, a fa wa ovha mulandu wa malofha awe.
9
“Zwi a ila u gobela thoro tsimuni ya minḓirivhe; arali wa zwi ita, khaṋo ya iyo mbeu khathihi na minḓirivhe i ḓo vha ya thembele.
10“U songo pana phulu na donngi nga dzhogo nthihi.
11“U songo ambara tshiambaro tsho lukwaho nga vhukuse ho vanganaho na muḓali.
12
“U rungelele zwivhuvhi kha ṱhodzi nṋa dza tshiambaro tshau.
13“Arali munna a tshi dzea musadzi a mu dzhenisa nḓuni a vho mu nengwa 14a thoma u mu tshinya dzina nga u mu pomoka zwi sa ḓivhalei, a ri, ‘Ndo dzea uyu musadzi nda mu dzhenisa nḓuni nda wana a si tshee musidzana wa phorelele,’ 15zwenezwo vhabebi vha musadzi vha fanela u bvisa tsumbo ya uri ṅwana wavho o vha a tshee musidzana vha isa tsumbedzo khoroni vha i sumbedza vhahulwane vha muḓi, 16khotsi a musadzi a amba na vhahulwane a ri, ‘Ndo ṋea uyu munna ṅwananga uri a vhe musadzi wawe, zwino u vho mu nengwa, 17u mu pomoka zwithu zwi sa ḓivhalekani a tshi ri: Ndo wana ṅwana waṋu e si musidzana wa phorelele. Huno tsumbedzo ya uri ṅwananga ndi musidzana khei.’ A tshi ralo a adze sila ḽe vha lala khaḽo vha tshi dzhenisana nḓuni lwa u thoma ya vha tsumbo ya uri uyo ṅwana o vhingwa e musidzana. 18Zwo no ralo vhahulwane vha muḓi vha fanela u dzhia uyo munna vha mu rwa nga ṱhamu, 19vha dovha vha mu lifhisa maseṱha a ḓana vha a ṋee khotsi a musadzi, ngauri mukwasha o tshinya dzina ḽa musidzana wa phorelele wa Muisraele. Nahone ho ngo tendelwa u mu ṱala vhutshilo hawe hoṱhe.
20“Hone arali munna o amba ngoho, arali zwo wanala uri musadzi o vha e si musidzana wa phorelele, 21u fanela u bviselwa muṋangoni wa nnḓu ya khotsi awe, vhanna vha muḓi wawe vha mu kanḓa nga matombo vha mu vhulaha, ngauri o ita zwi shonisaho Israele, o ita vhupombwe a tshee nḓuni ya khotsi awe. Ndi hone ni tshi ḓo fhelisa vhuvhi uho.
22
“Arali munna a farwa e na musadzi wa muṅwe vha fanela u vhulawa vhoṱhe vhuvhili havho; ndi hone ni tshi ḓo fhelisa vhuvhi uho kha Vhaisraele.
23“Arali munna a tshi ṱangana na musidzana o no dzewaho nga muṅwe, a ṱangana nae muḓini a mu dzhenisa nḓuni, 24ni fanela u vha dzhia vhuvhili havho na vha bvisela khoroni ya muḓi na vha kanḓa nga matombo na vha vhulaha. Musidzana ni tshi mu vhulaha ndi uri u ḓo vha a songo ṱavha mukosi, hone zwo itea ngomu muḓini, munna ene ni mu vhulahe ngauri u ḓo vha o tshinya musidzana o no dzewaho nga muṅwe munna. Ndi hone ni tshi ḓo fhelisa vhuvhi uho.
25“Hone arali munna a tshi ṱangana na musidzana ḓakani a mu tshipa, ngeno uyo musidzana o no dzewa nga muṅwe munna, hu fanela u vhulawa uyo munna o mu tshipaho fhedzi, 26musidzana ni songo mu ita tshithu, a hu na tshe a ita tsho eḓanwaho nga lufu; zwe a itwa zwi fana na musi munna o fara muṅwe a mu vhulaha. 27Uyo munna o mu wana ḓakani, musidzana uyo o dzewaho nga muṅwe munna o ṱavha mukosi ha si vhe na we a mu lamulela.
28
“Arali munna a tshi ṱangana na musidzana a sa athu fulufhedzisanaho na munna, a mu fara a mu tshipa zwa bvela khagala, 29zwenezwo uyo munna o tshipaho musidzana u fanela u lifhela khotsi a musidzana maseṱha a 50 a dzea musidzana. Ho ngo tendelwa u mu ṱala lini na lini, ngauri o mu tshipa.
30
“Hu songo vha na munna ane a nyadzisa khotsi awe nga u ita mmane musadzi.


text:
Clownfish
Vito ra Xindyangu ra Ntolovelo
Clown damselfish
Vito Rinwana
Grinners, Allies
Vito ra xi Science
Synodontidae
Size
Ku fika eka 60 cm, hixitalo 20 cm.
Nhlamuselo
Leyi yina xivumbeko xo fana swinene na cigar. Yina miri wo leha lowungana nhloko yo fana na triangle. Matino yo tontswa eka tinhlaya hinkwato. Dorsal fin yitshame exikarhi ka nhlana wa yona. Ti gills tona tikurile ku hundza na nhloko ya yona. Yina muhlovo wotshuka, ntima, buraweni yitlhela yitatisela hi mavalavala lawa ya vonikelaka.
Vuxokoxoko
Ndyangu wa yon wu fika kwalomu ka 5 wutlhela wuva na tinxaka ta55. Yitala kukumeka yiti hlotela swakudya le hansi swinene ka lwandle yikarhi yi fana na nkolombyani. Yitsakela ngopfu laha kungana sava/sandi. Minkarhi yin’wana yiti tumbeta e hansi ka sava leswaku yita kota ku dlaya swakudya swayona. Yifamba hiku hatlisa swinene loko yilava ku khoma swakudya swa yona. Yitshikela matandza.
Swakudya
Yidya ntsena swihlampfana leswintsongo.
Kuhangalaka
Yikumeka eka tinxaka hinkwato ta malwandle ya laha misaveni.
Common Species
Blacktail lizardfish - Synodus jaculum
Sand lizardfish - Synodus dermatogenys
Variegated lizardfish - Synodus variegatus


text:
Xinghunghumani xa Corona xi yimisa misava hi milenge
Ntungu wa mavabyi ya Corona wa ka ri ku nghenela tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga hi swintsongo-ntsongo. Sweswi tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga ri endlile swikambelwana swa xintsongontsongwana xa Corona eka vanhu kwalomu ka 400 000 etikweni hinkwaro, naswona nhlayo ya vanhu lava khomiweke hi Xitsongotsongwana lexi se yi tshunela eka 12 000 na mafu yo tlula 200 etikweni hinkwaro.
Nhlayo ya vanhu lava kamberiweke etikweni hinkwaro i yi ntsongo loko ku langutisiwa nhlayo ya vanhu va tiko ra Afrika-dzonga leyi nga eka 60 wa mamiliyoni. A swi le rivaleni leswaku nhlayo ya vanhu lava nga na xitsongotsongwana lexi yi fika kwihi, tani hi leswi ka ha saleke nhlayo ya le henhla ya vanhu lava nga se kamberiwaka xitsongotsongwana lexi.
Mfumo wu tivisile leswaku wu ta sungula pfhumba ro kambela vaaki hi xitalo naswona leswi swi nga ha humesa erivaleni loko pfhumba ra puresidende Cyril Ramaphosa ri tirhile ro yimisa migingiriko ya tiko hinkwayo ku ringeta ku sivela ku tluletiwa ka xitsongotsongwana lexi.
Vaaki va ka ri ku tsundzuxiwa ku landzela swiletelo swa mfumo na madokodela ku papalata ku tluletiwa hi xitsongotsongwana lexi, leswi katsaka ku hlamba mavoko hi xisibi minkarhi hinkwayo, ku papalata ku tikhoma xikandza, Ku tshama emakaya, ku papalata ku tshama kusuhi na vavabyi, ku basisa swilo swa le kaya hi minkarhi hinkwayo xikan’we na ku tipfala loko munhu a khohlola.
Ku hlamuseriwa leswaku Corona yi tumbulukile eWuhan, eChina, naswona yi hangalakile na misava hinkwayo laha yi tluleleke vanhu vo tlula mamiliyoni ya mune na mafu yo tlula 250 000 emisaveni hinkwayo. Lexi tikelaka swiyenge swa vutshunguri emisaveni hinkwayo, hi leswaku murhi wo tshungula xitsongotsongwana lexi a wu se kumeka, naswona ku hlamuseriwa leswaku swi nga ha teka tin’wheti ta 18 ku kuma murhi wo tshungula xitsongotsongwana lexi.
Vukona bya xitsontgotsongwana lexi etikweni ra Afrika-Dzonga byi le ku hoxeni ka xiave xo biha eka vaaki eka vutomi bya vona bya siku na siku, laha vaaki vo tala va nga tshama emakaya ehandle ka miholo leswi tlhelaka swi hoxa na xandla eka ku tikisela ikhonomi ya tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga.
Hambi swi ri tano, tikor a Madagascar ri tirhisa murhi lowu kumiweke etikweni leriya laha matiko ya kwalomu ka 34 eAfrika ya seketelaka murhi lowu naswona tikor a Afrika-Dzonga a ri se boxa to tala hi murhi lowu, hambi leswi va World Health Organisation va alanaka na murhi lowu.


text:
Damselfish
Vito ra ntolovelo ra xindyangu
Damselfish
Tinwana eka ndyangu
Garibaldis, Gregories, Sergeant-majors, Chromis, Night-sergeants
Vito ra xi science
Pomacentridae
Size
Kufika eka 30 cm, hixitalo 10 cm.
Nhlamuselo
Miri wo leha swinene wa xivumbeko xa tandza. Yina magwaru lawa kulu, yiva na ti finsencileni leti hambanaka hi xivumbeko xa foroko kuya eka xivumbeko xao khotseka. Mihlovo yakona iyo hambana hambana kusuka eka wantima no basa kuya eka xitshopani xo vonikela, orenji na wasi hiyona leyinga tala ngopfu.
Vuxokoxoko
Leyi yina mindyangu yo ringana 28 na tinxaka ta 321. Yi tele ngopfu ekusuhi na mabaku laha yikotaka kutumbela eka swimilani swale matini loko kutshuka kutshunela khombo. Tinxaka tinwana tirhandza kuva na ndhawu ya tona. Leyi ya xinuna yi aka xisaka ema ribyeni laha leya xisati yi tshikelaka matandza lawa ya byameriwaka hi leya xinuna. Leya xinuna yi rindza matandza kuringana 7 wa masiku.
Swakudya
Swiya hiku yiva yiri kwihi, yidya nkuxu, swimilani swale matini na switsotswana swale matini.
Kuhangalaka
Yikumeka eka maxelo hinkwawo na le ka malwandle hinkwawo ya laha misaveni.
Common Species
Chocolate dip damselfish - Chromis dimidiata
Sergeant major damselfish - Abudefduf vaigiensis
Domino damselfish - Dascyllus trimaculatus


text:
Mimfungho eka Mfungho wa tiko ra Afrika Dzonga
Coat of arms leyintshwa ya tiko ra Afrika Dzonga yi endliwe hi swiphemu swimbirhi, lexivuriwaka oval shape of foundation xikan’we na oval shape of ascendance, laha hansi hileswi vuriwaka hiti symbols leti hlawuriweke ku pfuneta ku hlamusela xitori xa Afrika Dzonga xikan’we na kufika ka xidimokirasi xa vanhu va rona.
Xivumbeko xa Oval xa FoundationMotto
– Wu tsariwe hi ririmi ra xi Khoisan ra vanhu va /Xam, !ke e: /xarra //ke, leswivulaka ‘Diverse People Unite’.
Hi xin’we hi xin’we, xikombisa vun’we exikarhi ka miehleketo na swendlo. Loko swihlanganile, swikombeta leswaku tani hi rixaka hifanele kuva nyandza yin’we hirikarhi hi tiva lomu hi yaka kona na kutinyungubyisa tani hi tiko.Timhondzo ta ndlopfu
– Tindlopfu titiveka tani hikuva na vutlharhi na matimba. Eka coat of arms, tiyimela vutilawuri na hilaha kunga heriki.Tindoho ta koroni
– Koroni yi yimela ku nona ka misava. Ku mila na kukula ka koroni swikombisa kukula na kuhumelela ka rixaka rerhu kufikelela vuswikoti lebyinga heriki. Titlhela tikomba nhlayiseko wa vanhu xikan’we nakuyimela vurimi eka misava.Xitlhangu
– Xina mintirho yimbirhi eka coat of arms, yiyimela nsirhelelo wa ximoya eka rixaka rerhu naswona xitlhela xi khoma swilo leswi yimelaka vutitivisi bya hina.Swivumbeko swa vanhu
– Swivumbeko leswi swisukela eka swifaniso swa vutshila bya maribye swandhuma leswi kumekaka eka Linton stone, leyi hlayisiwaka e South African Museum e Cape Town. Tani hi vatshami vakhale lava tivekaka eka misava ya hina, ma Khoisan, i vumbhoni bya nhlangano wa vumunhu na ndzhavuko wa ma Afrika Dzonga. Swivumbeko leswi eka xifaniso swikombetiwa hi ndlela yaku xewetana, leswi kombetaka vun’we. Switlhela swikombisa ndlela ya un’wana na un’wana kuya eka ku cinca hi ndlela yale henhla eka rixaka hiku engetelela, nhlanganelo wa vanhu.Tlhari na xigiya
– Leswi swiyimela swikombiso swa nsirhelelo na vulawuri, switlhela swikomba milenge yotiya ya xinyenyani xa secretary bird. Tani hileswi tlhari na xigiya swinga vekiwa ehansi, sweswo swikomba kurhula.
Xivumbeko xa Oval xa AscendanceXimilani xa Protea
– xikombisiwa tani hiku yimela kusaseka ka tiko ra hina, laha mabilomu ya yimelaka vuswikoti bya hina tani hi rixaka eka kuseketela African Renaissance. Switlhela swikombeta kukula kusuka eka misava naku kurisa kusuka e henhla, leswi kombaka kuhlangana loku heleleke ka swilo leswi hinkwaswo. Mihlovo leyinga duma ngopfu ya Afrika yivekiwile eka xiluva xa protea; rihlaza, nsuku, wotshuka na wa ntima.Xinyenyani xa Secretary
– Eka Coat of Arms xinyenyani xa secretary bird xikombiwa xiri eku hahaeni leswi vulaka kukula na rivilu. Xinyenyani xa matimba, lexi milenge ya xona, yiyimeriweke hi tlhari na xigiya, leswi xipfunaka ku hlota tinyoka, leswi kombisaka nsirhelelo eka rixaka eka valala.
Xinyenyani i ntsumi kusuka e matilweni, leswi kombetaka ndzhuti wa vukwembu. Tipiku letinga tlakusiwa i xikombiso xaku tlhandluka ka rixaka ra hina, laha hiletlhelo swihi nyikaka nsirhelelo. Xinyenyani xa secretary bird xi kombetiwe hi nsuku, leswi kombetaka kufambelana na dyambu na matimba yale henhla.Dyambu leri tlhavaka
– Dyambu ri kombeta ku voninga, ku fuwa na matimba. Ritlhela rikomba vutivi, vuahluri bya kahle, matimba yaku navela, vuswikoti byo langutisisa xikan’we na xitshembiso xaku tswariwa nakambe. Leswi hiswona switisaka vutomi hinkwabyo, bya rivoningo naswona swiyimela xiheri xa vumunhu.
Hinkwaswo swilo leswinga eka Coat of Arms loko swihlanganile kusuka e hansi kuya eka swivumbeko swa oval swale henhla swi endla xikombiso lexinga heriki. Kusukela eka timondzo ta ndlopfu kuya eka dyambu leri tlhavaka xivumbeko lexi vumbiweke hi lexi xa tandza leri humaka eka xinyenyani xa secretary bird. Swikombiso leswi swi vula ku tswariwa nakambe ka moya wa tiko lerikulu leri hluleke ra Afrika Dzonga.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni


text:
Mujeko wa tiko, lowunga sungula ku tirhisiwa rosungula hiti 27 April 1994, wu tumbuluxiwe hi Mr Fred Brownell, khale ka South African State Herald. Mihlovo xikan’we na maendlelo swikombisa swotala eka matimu ya mujeko wa tiko ra Afrika Dzonga.
Mihlovo leyi yohambana na nhlangano wa mihlovo swina tinhlamuselo to hambana eka vanhu vokarhi, leswivulaka leswaku akuna xikombiso na xin’we lexinga fambelanisiwaka na yona.
Ntumbuluxo lowu wa pivot wa mujeko lowu wuna xivumbeko xa ‘V’ lowunga eka xivumbeko xa horizontal lexi kongomaka emakumu. Leswi swikomba nhlengeletano wa vanhu vo hambana va tiko ra Afrika Dzonga lavanga eka gondzo roya eka vun’we. Nhlengeletano lowu na mongo wa vun’we swisukela eka motto kusuka eka Coat of Arms yak hale ya Afrika dzonga - Unity is Strength
Loko u hahisa mujeko kuna swipimelo (protocols) leswi faneleke ku landzeleriwa kuya hilaha swinga xaxametiwa hikona eka Government Gazette 22356, Notice 510 of 8 June 2001. Loko u vekela mujeko wa tiko ra Afrika Dzonga wuva horizontal laha wu bohiwaka hikona kufanele kuva eximatsini kasi muhlovo wotshuka wuva e henhla.
Loko u vekela mujeko lowu wuva vertical e khumbini, muhlovo wotshuka wufanele kuva e ximatsini loko u wulangutisile loko laha wu bohiwaka hikona kuri ehenhla. Eka tinhlengeletano ta vanhu, laha mujeko wa tiko wu kombiwaka e tlhelo kumbe endzhaku ka xivulavuri, mujeko wufanele kuvekiwa hile vokweni ra xinene ra xivulavuri. Loko wuvekeriwe kun’wana eka tinhlengeletano, kona wufanele kuva eka voko ra xinene ra ntshungu.Translated by Ike Ngobeni


text:
Flounders
Vito rantolovelo ra xindyangu
Flounders
Vito rinwana
Left-eyed flounders
Vito ra xi science
Bothidae
Size
Ku fika eka 1,5 m, hintolovelo 40 cm.
Nhlamuselo
Miri wo phambarhala lowungana matihlo yambirhi laha tlhelo rin’we. Ti pectoral fins ta yona tilehile. Kasi dorsal na ti fins tale ndzhaku atiyi emahlweni. Mihlovo ya yona ya hambanahambana swinene. Wa vonikela kambe yiva na swicoticoti, swinwana swicoticoti iswa wasi. Ya swikota kuva yi cinca muhlovo ku kota kutumbela.
Vuxokoxoko
Ndyangu ya yona wukule kufika eka 13 na tinxaka toringana 116. Muxaka lowu wutswariwa wuri na matirhlo eka matlhelo hinkwawo kambe swifika laha ya cincaka yaya tshama etlhelo rinwe. Yitiveka hiku olova hikwalaho ka kuleha ka ti pectoral fin na swicoticoti swayona swo hlawuleka, na kutshama e tshakwini ra lwandle. Yitumbela endzeni ka sava/sandi leswaku yita kota ku dlaya swakudya yi dya. Ya tshikela matandza.
Swakudya
Yidya kwale tshakwini ra lwandfle laha kudyiwaka swihadyana leswipfumalaka rhambu ra laha nhlaneni na hlampfi.
Kuhangalaka
Yikumeka eka maxelo yo hambana hambana eka malwandle hinkwawo laha misaveni.
Common species
Leopard flounder - Bothus pantherinus
Peacock flounder - Bothus mancus


text:
Ku Hlayisa Tinyoxi e Afrika Dzonga
Xilo xa nkoka swinene lexi vahlayisi va tinyoxi e Afrika Dzonga lexi vaxilavaka loko vasungula ku hlayisa tinyoxi i vutivi. Uta fanele kutwisisa thekiniki yaku lawula tinyoxi, xivumbeko xa baku, mintirho ya tinyoxi, miri wa tona na ndlela leyi tidyaka hiyona, swakudya leswi ti swirhandzaka, leswi karhataka tinyoxi na mavabyi ya tona.
Vahlayisi va tinyoxi lavantshwa vata fanela kuva na ntlawa wa tinyoxi, baku xikan’we na ndzhawu leyinga ekusuhi swinene na laha kungana swakudya swa tinyoxi. Ndzhawu ya kahle laha tingata tilavela kona swakudya na mati swita tisa mbuyelo wa kahle wa vulombe. Swiambalo swa vusirheleli na switirhisiwa swin’wana kuswitirhisa eka baku na ntlawa wa tinyoxi swita laveka.
Apitherapy i kutirhisiwa ka switirhisiwa swa tinyoxi kuva kutshunguriwa xikan’we naku siveriwa ka mavabyi. Kuya hiva American Apitherapy Society, switirhisiwa...more
Loko u sungula ku hlayisa tinyoxi tani hi n’wamapurasi lontshwa wo hlayisa tinyoxi uta fanela kuva na vuhlayiselo bya tinyoxi. Laha hilaha tinyoxi tingata tshama kona....more
Nhlayo ya vahlayisi va tinyoxi laha tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga ayi hambanani kule na leka matiko lawan’wana. E hansi ka 5% ta vahlayisi va tinyoxi e Afrika Dzonga vana misava ya vona laha vahlayisaka ehansi ka 5% wa tinyoxi....more
Tinyoxi ti dumile hikokwalaho ka vulombe bya tona (na switirhisiwa swin’wana) leswi tiswihumesaka. Kambe kuve na kutlakuka eka kulemukisiwa eka nkoka wa vukorhokeri lebyi tinyoxi tibyi endlaka eka ku chela pollen eka swimilani....more
eHandle ka kutsarisa swisaka/ mabaku ya tinyoxi, kuna swilaveko swokarhi leswi vahlayisi vatinyoxi vafaneleke kuswifikelela kunga ku endla vukorhokeri bya pollination eka swimilani swa swakudya....more
Tinyoxi ta vulombe i switsotswana swa kahle naswona swihanya swiri mintlawa leyikulu. Exikarhi ka ximumu, kungava na tinyoxi tale xikarhi ka 50 000 - 60 000 eka ntlawa, xikan’we nati drones nati queen....more
Xiphiqo lexikulu swinene laha Afrika Dzonga iku pfumaleka ka mphamelo wa vulombe. E Afrika Dzonga, kuva ntsena 15% ya vulombe lebyi humelerisiwaka kusuka eka flora ya laha kaya loko kupimanyisiwa na 70% e Australia....more
Pollen i mapa lawa ya humelerisiwaka hi swirhabyani leswi tswalaka mbewu swa swimilani. Swina mbewu ya mapa leyingana tindzoho letingana ti gametes ta xinuna (ti sperm cells ta ximilani)....more
Ku hlayisa tinyoxi kungava vuhungasi byin’wana byo tsakisa swinene, kambe swinga hundzuka bindzu ra nkarhi hinkwawo ro endla mali....more
Ku tiva ngopfu hi switsotswana na mavabyi ya tinyoxi ta vulombe swina nkoka swinene eka vahlayisi va tinyoxi ku tiyisisa leswaku vana ntlawa wa tinyoxi lowu hanyeke...more
Ku phamela tinyoxi swina nkoka swinene loko ntlawa wa tinyoxi wuri na swakudya swintsongo leswi hlayisiweke naswona kungari na swakudya sworinganela swa ntumbuluko laha tinga kona....more
Ti pollinators, hi xitalo, titisa mbuyelo wohambana hambana eka vanhu. Vukahle bya hina byiya hi swilo swotala swa ecosystem na mintirho ya swona. Kotala, ti pollinators hitona tingana xiave naku tiyisisa rihanyu ra kahle eka ti ecosystems leti....more
E handle ka kuva swiri swakudya leswinga fuwa naku tala energy, vulombe i khale byi tiveka hiku kusukela eka malembe ya khale kuva tiri nati antimicrobial nati antibacterial....more
Tinyoxi ta vulombe tilava mati eka swikongomelo swimbirhi. Xosungula, mati yatirhisiwa ku katsiwa na vulombe lebyinga crystallised leswaku byita kota ku katsiwa na swakudya swa brood....more
Xilo xa nkoka swinene lexi vahlayisi va tinyoxi e Afrika Dzonga lexi vaxilavaka loko vasungula ku hlayisa tinyoxi i vutivi....more


text: Eka mufambisi; hi mayimbelelelo ya risimu leri nge, “Makhon’wa.” Maskili* ya vana va Kora.+ Risimu ra rirhandzu.45 Mbilu ya mina yi tele hi swilo leswinene.Ndzi ri: “Risimu ra mina ri vulavula hi hosi.”+Onge ririmi ra mina ri nga fana ni xitsalo+ xa mukopi la nga ni vuswikoti.+2 U saseke ngopfu ku tlula vavanuna hinkwavo.Enon’wini wa wena ku khuluka marito yo tsakisa.+Hi yona mhaka leyi Xikwembu xi nga ku katekisa hilaha ku nga heriki.+3 Khama banga ra wena,+ wena la nga ni matimba,+Hi xindzhuti xa wena ni ku vangama ka wena.+4 Famba u ya hlula eku vangameni ka wena;+Gada hanci ya wena u ya lwela ntiyiso ni lava titsongahataka ni ku lulama,+Naswona voko ra wena ra xinene ri ta endla* swilo swo hlamarisa.5 Miseve ya wena yi tontswile, yi wisa vanhu emahlweni ka wena;+Yi tlhava timbilu ta valala va hosi.+6 Xikwembu i xiluvelo xa wena hilaha ku nga heriki;+Nhonga ya vuhosi ya mfumo wa wena i nhonga ya vuhosi ya vululami.+7 U rhandze ku lulama+ naswona u venge vuhomboloki.+Hi yona mhaka leyi Xikwembu, Xikwembu xa wena xi ku toteke+ hi mafurha ya ku khana+ ku tlula tihosi tin’wana.8 Swiambalo swa wena hinkwaswo swi nun’hwela mira, mhangani ni khasiya;U hungasiwa hi switende loko u ri endlwini ya vuhosi leyi sasekisiweke hi timhondzo ta tindlopfu.9 Eka vavasati va xiyimo xa le henhla ku ni vana va vanhwanyana va tihosi.Nkosikazi yi yime evokweni ra wena ra xinene, yi tisasekise hi nsuku wa le Ofiri.+10 Yingisa, wena nhwanyana, rhiya ndleve u yingiserisisa;Rivala varikwenu ni ndyangu wa tata wa wena.11 Kutani hosi yi ta navela ku saseka ka wena,Hikuva i hosi ya wena,Hikwalaho yi khinsamele.12 Nhwanyana wa le Tiri u ta ta ni nyiko;Vavanuna lava fuweke ngopfu va ta lava ku kombiwa tintswalo hi wena.13 Endzeni ka yindlu ya hosi ku ni nhwanyana wo saseka swinene;Swiambalo swakwe swi khavisiwe hi nsuku.14 U ta yisiwa eka hosi a ambale swiambalo leswi lukiweke.Vanghana vakwe lava ha riki vanhwana lava n’wi landzelaka, va tisiwa eka wena.15 Va ta hlanganisiwa hi mikulungwana ni swivuvutana;Va ta nghena endlwini ya hosi.16 Vana va wena va ta teka swikhundlha swa vakokwa wa wena.U ta va endla tihosana emisaveni hinkwayo.+17 Ndzi ta endla leswaku vanhu lava nga ta va kona va tiva vito ra wena hilaha ku nga heriki.+Hi yona mhaka leyi vanhu va nga ta ku dzunisa hilaha ku nga heriki.


text:
51Mushe a vhidza Vhaisraele vhoṱhe a vha vhudza a ri, “Hee inwi Vhaisraele, thetshelesani milayo na ndaela dzine nda khou ni laya ṋamusi ni tshi zwi pfa nga nḓevhe, ni zwi gude, ni zwi tevhedze, ni zwi khunyeledze. 2
Mudzimu Muṋe washu o vhofha mulanga na riṋe thavhani ya Horebe. 3Mulanga uyo Muṋe washu ho ngo u vhofha na vhomakhulukuku washu, o u vhofha na riṋe roṱhe, riṋe vhane ra kha ḓi tshila ra vha hone fhano ṋamusi. 4Musi Muṋe washu a tshi amba na inwi ngei thavhani e muliloni, o amba na inwi no tou livhana zwifhaṱuwo. 5
Musi uyo nṋe ndo vha ndo ima vhukati ha Muṋe washu na inwi ndi tshi swikisa mafhungo a Muṋe washu kha inwi, ngauri no vha ni tshi ofha ni tshi vhona mulilo, na si tsha gonya thavha.
“Muṋe washu o ri, 6‘Ndi Nṋe Yahavee Mudzimu wau we nda u pfulusa shangoni ḽa Egipita he wa vha u phuli.
7“ ‘U songo vha na miṅwe midzimu, Mudzimu wau ndi Nṋe ndi ndoṱhe.
8“ ‘U songo ḓiitela tshifanyiso na tshithihi tsha zwi re ngei ṱaḓulu kana fhano fhasi kana maḓini a re nga fhasi ha ḽifhasi, 9wa tshi gwadamela wa tshi rerelela; Nṋe Yahavee Mudzimu wau ndi Mudzimu a sa vhangiswi, mulandu wa vhokhotsi ndi u vhila kha vhana na kha vhaḓuhulu u swika kha murafho wa vhuraru na wa vhuṋa wa maswina anga, 10
hone vhane vha mpfuna vha tevhedza ndaela dzanga ndi vha ita nga vhuthu u swika kha mirafho ya tshigidi.
11“ ‘U songo tamba nga dzina ḽa Yahavee Mudzimu wau, ngauri Yahavee a nga si litshe u lifhedza ane a tamba nga dzina ḽawe.
12“ ‘Hulisa ḓuvha ḽa Sabatha u ḽi ite ḽikhethwa unga Yahavee Mudzimu wau o u laya. 13Shuma zwau maḓuvha maṱanu na ḽithihi u khunyeledze mishumo yau yoṱhe, 14hone ḓuvha ḽa vhuṱanu na vhuvhili ndi ḽa Yahavee Mudzimu wau, ndi ḽa u awela; nga heḽo ḓuvha u songo shuma tshithu – iwe kana ṅwana wau, wa mutuka kana wa musidzana, kana mushumi wau, wa munna kana wa musadzi, kana phulu yau kana donngi yau kana tshifuwo tshifhio na tshifhio, kana mutsinda ane wa dzula nae. Na vhashumi vhau, vha vhanna kana vha vhasadzi, nga vha awele-vho unga iwe. 15
15:15
16:12
24:18
U elelwe uri na iwe wo vha u phuli shangoni ḽa Egipita, Yahavee Mudzimu wau a u vhofholola nga mishumo mihulu ya maanḓa, ndi zwine Yahavee Mudzimu wau a u laya uri u vhulunge ḓuvha ḽa Sabatha.
16“ ‘Hulisa khotsi au na mme au unga Yahavee Mudzimu wau o u laya, ndi hone zwi tshi ḓo u nakela, wa fhedza miṅwaha minzhi u tshi dzula shangoni ḽine Yahavee Mudzimu wau a u ṋea.
17“ ‘U songo vhulaha muthu.
18“ ‘U songo ita vhupombwe.
19“ ‘U songo tswa.
20“ ‘U songo vhaisa muṅwe nga u ṱanzilela mazwifhi.
21“ ‘U songo emula musadzi wa muṅwe; u songo tshivha muṅwe nga nnḓu yawe, kana tsimu yawe, kana phuli yawe, ya munna kana ya musadzi, kana phulu yawe kana donngi yawe kana tshifhio na tshifhio tshi re tshawe.’
22
“Ndi one maipfi e Muṋe washu a amba na tshivhidzo tshaṋu tshoṱhe tsho kuvhangana, a amba e thavhani ngomu muliloni, hú na gole na buluvhutsi ḽihulu ḽo tibaho thavha, a amba nga ipfi ḽihulu, a konou ṅwala maipfi haya kha maḓaba mavhili a matombo, a mpha, a si tsha engedza maṅwe. 23
Inwi no ri u pfa ipfi ḽi tshi bva swiswini, thavha i tshi khou duga mulilo, vhahulwane vhoṱhe vha matsinde aṋu vha ḓa ha nṋe 24
na ri, ‘Mudzimu Muṋe washu o ri sumbedza vhugala hawe na vhuhulu hawe, ra pfa na ipfi ḽawe ḽi tshi amba e muliloni! Ṋamusi ra zwi vhona uri muthu u a ḓi tshila naho Mudzimu o amba nae, ra akhamala. 25Hone zwino ri khou ofha u lovha. Mulilo hoyu muhuluhulu u ḓo ri fhisa ra fa arali ra dovha ra pfa ipfi ḽa Mudzimu Muṋe washu. 26Ndi ufhio muthu wa ṋama ane a nga pfa ipfi ḽa Mudzimu a tshilaho a tshi amba e muliloni unga riṋe ri tshi khou mu pfa, a si lovhe? 27Ndi khwiṋe hu tshi sendela iwe ha Mudzimu Muṋe washu wa pfa zwoṱhe zwine a amba, wa konou ri vhudza zwoṱhe zwine Mudzimu Muṋe washu a zwi amba. Riṋe ri ḓo zwi thetshelesa ra zwi ita!’
28“Muṋe washu a pfesesa zwe na amba, Muṋe washu a mmbudza a ri, ‘Ndo pfa zwe vhathu havha vha u vhudza vha tshi amba na iwe; zwoṱhe zwe vha amba ndi zwone. 29
Ngavhe vha tshi dzula vhe na muya wonoyo wa u nnyofha na u tevhedza ndaela dzanga misi yoṱhe, zwa ralo ndi hone vhone na vhana vhavho zwi tshi ḓo vha nakela lini na lini. 30Iya u vha vhudze uri vha humele zwavho denndeni dzavho, 31huno iwe u ime fhano na Nṋe, ndi u laye ndi u vhudze ndayo dzanga dzoṱhe na milayo na ndaela zwine wa ḓo vha funza uri vha zwi tevhedze vhe shangoni ḽine nda ḓo vha ṋea uri ḽi vhe ḽavho.’
32
“Ndi zwone, ivhani na vhusedzi uri ni ite zwoṱhe zwe Muṋe washu Mudzimu waṋu a ni laya, ni songo pambutshela kha tshamonde kana tshauḽa. 33Ni fare nḓila ye Muṋe washu Mudzimu waṋu a ni sumbedza, ni songo bva khayo, ndi hone ni tshi ḓo tshila, zwa ni nakela, na fhedza miṅwaha minzhi ni tshi dzula shangoni ḽine na ḓo ṋewa.