text:
Lavhelesani, Thetshelesani ni tshile Bugu 2
Esboço: Jacob, Joseph, Moses. 24 sections. It has a picture book to go along with the recording.
Número do roteiro: 419
Idioma: Venda
Tema: Law of God; Multiple themes
Público alvo: General
Estilo: Monolog
Tipo: Bible Stories & Teac
Sofisticação: General
Propósito: Teaching
Passagem bíblica: Paraphrase
Estado: Publishable
Texto do roteiro
Tswikiso
Dzindumeliso, (Hee khonani). Naa ni a divha nga Mudzimu Muthihi wa ngoho naa? Kha vha ime ndi vha vhudze nga ha vhanwe vhanna vhe vha mudivha. Kha vha lavhelese kha tshifanyiso tsha bugu ino nga swiri musi vha tshi khou thetshelesa theiphi. Vha vule tshifanyiso tshi tevhelaho musi vha tshi pfa itsho tshiga.
Tshifanyiso 1: Mukomana Na Murathu Vhavhili
Genesi 25:21-34, 27:1-29
Mukomana na murathu havha kha tshifanyiso hetshi vha kha bindu. Munwe a no pfi Esau ndi musi e muzwimi muhulu. Yakobo murathi wawe ndi musi o bika zwiliwa zwavhudi. Esau o vha e na ndala khulu musi a tshi bva u zwima na hone o humbela Yakobo zwiliwa. Yakobo a ri kha Esau, "Tsha u thoma nthengisele vhukomana hau." O vha a tshi khou toda ifa la mutani, le la vha li tshi fanela u vha la Esau. Esau ha ngo vha na ndavha na ifa lawe. O vha a tshi khou humbula fhedzi nga ha ndala yawe. Ngauralo a rengisa vhukomana hawe nga tshiswitulo tshithihi. Dzina Yakobo zwi amba uri "Mufhuri". na hone Yakobo maitele awe o vha e a ufhura vhanwe. (Nga murahuni Yakobo o vhuya a fhura na khotsi awe.)
Tshifanyiso 2: Muloro Wa Yakobo
Genesi 28:10-22
Esau o vhenga Yakobo na hone o vha a tshi funa u mu vhulaha. Ndi zwone zwe zwa itisa uri Yakobo a shavhe hayani hawe. A vhona Mudzimu e tadulu na murunwa wa Mudzimu a tshi tsela fhasi shangoni. Mudzimu a ri kha Yakobo "Ndi do u nea iwe na vhaduhulu vhau heli shango le wa edela khalo. Vhaduhulu vhau vha do vha vhanzhi. "Vhathu vhothe shangoni vha do fhatutshedzwa nga iwe na vhana vhau. Ndi na iwe na hone ndi do u vhulunga hothe hune wa do ya, na hone ndi do u vhuisa kha heli shango. Na hone a thi ngau tutsheli u vhuya u swika ndo no ita zwe nda u fulufhedzisa."Mudzimu u a zwi divha zwauri Yakobo ndi mufhuri hone Mudzimu a funa Yakobo na hone o vha a tshi funa u mushandukisa. Ngauralo Mudzimu o mu nea pfulufhedziso I mangadzaho.
Tshifanyiso 3: Yakobo Na Labani
Genesi 29:1 - 31:55
Yakobo o isa phanda na u fhura vhanwe, hone tshinwe tshifhinga vhanwe vho mufhuravho. Yakobo a ya a shumela malume wawe, Labani O vha a tshi tama u mala nwananyana mutuku wa Labani a nopfi Rahele. A shumela Labani minwaha ya sumbe sa one mamalo a u mu mala. Hone Labani a mu fhura a tshi itela uri a male musidzana wawe muhulwane. Labani a ita uri Yakobo a shume minwe minwaha ya sumbe u ri a male Rahele. Yakobo a fhura Labani. A dzhia zwifuwo zwi re zwavhudi zwothe zwa mitambi ya Labani. Mudzimu vha ri kha Yakobo, "Humai u ye shangoni la vho khotsi a u na mashaka a u, Nne ndi do vha na iwe."
Tshifanyiso 4: Yakobo U Tangana Na Mudzimu
Genesi 32:1-32
Yakobo o funa u humela hayani hone o vha a tshi ofha Esau ngauri havho vhane vha fhura vhanwe kanzhi vha tshila nyofhoni dza ndifhedzo. Vhunwe vhusiku e ndilani ya u ya hayani Munna o da kha Yakobo. A ita tsimbe na Yakobo vhusiku hothe. Musi duvha li tshi tou tsha Munna a pida Yakobo dzikhundu. Ndi hone Yakobo atshi zwi divha zwauri Munna u yo ndi Mudzimu. Yakobo a si tsha fanela ulwa, hone ari, "A thi nga u litshi u tshi tuwa arali u songo mphatutshedza." Ndi hone Munna a tshi ri kha Yakobo, "Dzina lau a li tsha do pfi Yakobo, u do pfi Israele." Israele zwi amba uri 'wo lwa na Mudzimu'. Mudzimu vho da vha tshi itela uri u fhura ha Yakobo hu fhungudzee, vha tshi itela uri Vha mushandukise. Israele a humela kha vha hawe nga mulalo. A vha khotsi a vhathu vha lushaka luhulu lwa vhathu vha luvhaho Mudzimu.
Dzikhonani, rine rothe ri a lwa ri tshi hanedza dzi ndila dza Mudzimu-vho musi ri tshi fhura vhanwe, hone Mudzimu vho rumela Munna ane a kona u ri shandukisa. Ndi Mune washu Yesu Kristo.
Tshifanyiso 5: Muloro Wa Yosefa
Genesi 37:1-11
Yakobo we Mudzimu vha mu rina hafhu Israele, o vha na vhatukana vha fumi mbili. Mutukana we a mufunesa ndi Yosefa. Yakobo a nea Yosefa badzhi ya a naka. Vhakomana vha Yosefa vha mu itela vivho. Vhunwe vhusiku Yosefa a lora Muloro. Ndi hone a tshiri kha vhakomana vhawe, "Thetshelesani muloro hoyu we nda lora. Ro vha tshi khou vhofha dzikhulane dza goroi tsimuni, musi nga u tavhanya khulane yanga ya ima ya tou dzi, musi khulane "dza vho inwi dzi tshi tanga yanga dzai kotamela. Vhakomana vha mu singutshela nga maanda. Naa muloro u yu u khou amba zwauri vha do fanela u gwadamela murathu wavho naa? Vha vhenga Yosefa na hone vha toda tshifhinga tsha u muvhaisa.
Tshifanyiso 6: Yosefa a Tshi Rengiswa
Genesi 37:12-36
Vhakomana vha Yosefa ndi musi vha tshi lisa zwifuwo kule na haya. Yakobo a ri kha Yosefa, "Tshimbila u yo tola uri u vhone uri zwothe zwo luga na kha vhakomana vhau na kha zwifuwo, u mbuisele muvhigo.
Musi vha komana vha tshi vhona Yosefa a tshi da khavho vha mbo di elekanya u mu vhulaha. Vha mu bvula budzhi yawe ya madzanga vha mulongela mulindini. Hu si kale ha swika vhanna vha vha vhambadzi. Munwe wa vhakomana vhawe ari, "Naa ri do bindula mini nga u vhulaha murathu washu? Kha ri mu rengise." Ndi hone vhakomana vha tshi rengisa Yosefa (nga zwikwati zwa fumbili zwa silivhere.) Ndi hone vha tshi lovhela badzhi ya Yosefa malofhani vha I dzhia vha isa ha khotsi a vho. Yakobo a humbula uri Yosefa o vhulahwa nga dziphuka dza daka. A mulilela tshililo tshihulu.
Tshifanyiso 7: Yosefa Na Mufumakadzi Muvhi
Genesi 39:1-20
Vha vhambadzi vha rengisa Yosefa shangoni la Egipita. A vha phuli ya munna a no pfi Potifara. Potifara o vha e mukoma wa Farao khosi ya Egipita. Mudzimu o vha ena Yosefa, a bvela phanda kha zwothe zwine a ita.
Hu si kale a vhewa u vha mulavhelesi wa zwothe zwa nduni ya Potifara. Yosefa o vha e muthannga wa lunako. Mufumakadzi wa Potifara a mu emula. A kombe tshedza Yosefu uri a lala nae. Yosefa a zwi divha zwauri zwo khakhea, nguralo a hana. A shavha e nduni, hone musadzi wa Potifara a mu dzhavhulela khanzu yawe. A dzhia khanzu a I isa ha munna wawe, a amba zwauri Yosefa o vha a tshi khou lingedza u mu tshipo. Ndi hone Potifara a tshi dzenisa Yosefa dzhele.
Tshifanyiso 8: Yosefa E Dzhele
Genèse 39:20 - 40:23
Mudzimu o vha a kna divha na Yosefa naho e dzhele. Hu si kale Yosefa a vhewa uri a vhe mulavhelesi wa vhothe vho farwaho. Mulanda wa khosi ane a kela khosi veini ya unwa na mu bikela vha farwa vha kudzwa dzhelevho. Vhusiku vhunwe vhothe vha lora. Hone vho humbula uri a huna muthu ane anga vha vhudza zwe vha lora. Yosefa a ri kha vho, "Naa thalutshedzo ya a ibvi ha Mudzimu? Mmbudzeni miloro yanu."
Ndi hone mulanda a tshi vhudza Yosefa. "Kha muloro wanga ho vha hu na mutokola u na thavhi tharu. Nne nda dzha zwitokola nda mbo zwi hamulela tshinweloni tsha Farao nda mu nekedza tshandani tshawe. Yosefa a mu vhudza zwine muloro wa amba a ri: "Nga murahu ha maduvha mararu khosi u do u vhofholola a dovha a u humisela mushumoni wau." Na mubiki na ene a vhudza Yosefa Muloro wawe, hone muloro wawe wo vha u tshi amba uri nga murahu ha maduvha mararu u do hatulwa a iswa lufuni. Mulanda a vhofhololwa, mubiki a vhulahwa afa na musi Mudzimu o dzumbulela Yosefa, hone Yosefa a dzula dzhele minwaha mivhili.
Tshifanyiso 9: Muloro Wa Khosi
Genesi 4:1-40
Ndi hone khosi ya Egipita a tshi lora muloro. A vhona kholomo dzo nonaho dza sumbe tsini na mulambo. Kholomo dzo ondaho dza sumbe dzada dzi tshi bva mulamboni dza mila dza sumbe dzo khwathaho. A ho ngo vha na muthu we a kona u talutshedza khosi u yo muloro.
Ndi hone mulanda muhulu wa khosi a tshi vhudza khosi nga ha Yosefa. Khosi ya ri Yosefa a briswe dzhele. Yosefa a vhudza khosi zwine muloro wa amba a ri; "Mudzimu o u dzumbulela zwine a khou do zwi ita. Hu do vha na minwaha ya sumbe ya khano khulu ya vhudi Egipita. Nga murahu ha I zwo hu do vha na minwaha ya sumbe ya ndala. Toda munna o thanyaho u mu vhee u ri a vhe mulanguli wa shango la Egipita.Ita uri uyo munna na vhathusi vhawe vha kuvhauganye mavhele nga tshifhinga tsha minwaha ya sumbe tsha khano ya vhudi, ni a vhulungele minwaha ya sumbe ya huna ndala."
Khosi ya zwi vhona zwauri Muya wa Mudzimu u kha Yosefa, ndi hone a tshi mu vhea uri a vhe muvhusi wa lothe la Egipita.
Tshifanyiso 10: Yosefa U Vhusa Egipita
Genesi 41:47 - 42:28
Nga tshifhinga tsha minwaha ya sumbe ya khano ya vhudi, Yosefa a vhulunga mavhele mazhi. Musi minwaha ya sumbe ya ndala yo swika, a rengisela mavhele vhathu vha Egipita. Ho vha na ndala shangoni la Kanana-vho. Ngauralo vhakomana vha fumi vha Yosefa na vhone-vho vha da Egipita u renga mavhele.
A vhongo zwi divha zwauri muvhusi wa Egipita ndi Yosefa, huno ene a vha talukanya a vha divha. A vha halifhela nga la uri ndi dzitholi na hone a vha valela dzhele. Nga murahu ha maduvha mararu a ri kha vho. "U khwathisedza zwauri ni vhanna vha fulufhedzeaho, ni fanela u ndisela murathu wanu mutuku ha nne." A dzudza muthihi wa vhakomana avho dzhele na hone a litsha vhanwe vha tshi dzhia mavhele vha a isa hayani havho.
Tshifanyiso 11: Josefa a Tshi Didzumbulula Kha Vharathu Vhaw
Genesi 43:1 - 45:27
Vhakomana vha Yosefa ndi musi vha tshi ofha u humela Egipita hone hu si kale vho vha vha tshi vho toda manwe Ngauralo vho dzhia murathu wavho Benyamini vha ya ha Yosefa. Yosefa na zwenezwo ha ngo vha vhudza uri ndi ene nnyi. O vha rengisela mavhele hone a vhudza munwe wa vhalanda vhawe uri a humise tshelede yavho a I longele masagani avho na u dzumba tshinwelo tshawe tsha silivhere kha saga la murathu mutuku.. Ndi hone a tshi rumela mulanda wawe uri a vha vhee mulandu wa u tswa. Vhakomana vhothe vha gwadama fhasi phanda ha Yosefa vha humbela khathutshelo, hezwo zwa tounga thalutshedzo kha muloro wa Yosefa. Yosefa a lila a si tsha kona u dzumba tshiphiri tshawe. A vha vhudza, ari "Ndi nne murathu wanu Yosefa, u la we na murengisela Egipita."
A kuvhatedza Benyamini a lila musi a tshi mukhisa na vhakomana vhawe vhanwe. Yosefa a vha nea zwifhiwa zwihulu na tsha khotsi awe. Yosefa a vha vhudza u ri vha vha humele Egipita vha dise mita ya vho na khotsi avho. Yosefa u kha di tdshila. Ndi ene muvhusi wa lothe la Egipita.
Tshifanyiso 12: Yakobo Na Yosefa Vhe Egipita
Genesi 45:28 - 50:26
Yakobo mukalaha a dzhia zwothe na zwothe zwine a vha nazwo a tuwa a ya u dzula Egipita. Musi Yakobo a tshi vhona murwa wawe Yosefa, o mu kuvhatedza vhothe vha lila. Nga murahuni a vhea zwanda zwawe kha vharwa vha Yosefa, a fhatutshedza vhatukana na hone vha vha vharanga phanda vha hulu vhukati ha dzitshaka dza Israele. Yakobo a fela Egipita e mukalaha nga maanda. Ndi hone vhakomana vha Yosefa vha tshgi ofha nga maanda nge vha itela Yosefa zwo vhifhaho.
Hone Yosefa a ri khavho, Ni songo ofha. No pulana u mbuisa, hone Mudzimu o vha o zwi itela zwivhuya hu u itela uri a vhulunge vhathu vhanzhi vha tshile. Dzikhonani, hu na Muthihi are tadulu ane a fhira Yosefa nga vhuhulu. Dzina lawe ndi mune washu Yesu Kristo. Vhathu vhavhi vho Mu vhulaha. Hone Mudzimu vho shandukisa izwo zwiito zwivhi zwa vha zwivhuya kha rine, na vhothe vha ne vha do fulufhela Yesu. Yesu o vuwa vhafuni. Namusi arali ri tshi bula zwivhi zwashu phanda ha Mudzimu ri tshi katela na vhukhakhi he ra vhu itela vhanwe. Mudzimu vha do(ri) hangwela izwo zwivhi.
U na maanda a u tshidza vhothe vhane vha mu fulufhela, a vha nga do tambula nga tshitarafu tsha lufu lwa lini na lini.
Tswikiso
Ho vha hu na munwe munna a no pfi Mushe we a vha o khwatha Murenani we a endedza vhathu vha Mudzimu vha tshi bva vhuthubwani ha Egipita. Hezwi zwi do ri thusa u humbula nga ha Yesu a re na maanda a u vhofholola vhothe vhane vha mu fulufhela kha maanda a Sathane na madimoni awe. Lavhelesani kha tshifanyiso musi ni tshi thetshelesa kha theiphi. Di lugiseleni u rembulusa ni lavhelese kha tshifanyiso tshi tevhelaho musi ni tshi pfa mubvumo.
Tshifanyiso 13: Nwana Mushe
Ekisodo 2:1-10
Yakobo ane a vhidzwavho Israele, o vha ena dzina la makhulu Mushe. Mushe o bebwa Egipita 300 minwaha minzhi nga murahu ha Yosefa. Nga tshifinga hetshi vha Israele ndi musi vhe vhauzhi vhanzhi, zwe khosi ya Egipita ya vha a fara vha Israele nga tshituhu.
A vha kombetshedza u shuma sa dziphuli na hone a nea ndaela ya uri vhana vhothe vha vha tukana vha vha Israele vha vhulahwe. Musi Mushe o bebiwa, mme awe vha mudzumba. Vha mu vhea nga mgomu tshidathani vha mu dzumba dzithangani khunzikhunzini dza mulambo. Khalazi awe Meriamu, a tamba nga henefho tsini a tshi mulinda. Mukololo wa khosi a da u tamba mulamboni. A wana tshidatha tshi na nwana Mushe. Mushe a thoma u lila. Mukololo wa khosi a pfela uyo nwana vhutungu, ndi hone a tshi humbula uri a mudzhie a vhe nwana wawe. Mushe a aluwa ngomu pfamoni ya khosi. Mushe o funzwa mikhwa yothe ya Egipita na hone a vha munna muhulu wa mudivhalea.
Tshifanyiso 14: Mushe Na Tshitaka Tshi Tshi Swa
Ekisodo 2:11 - 4:17
Linwe duvha Mushe a vhona mu Egipita a tshi rwa phuli ya nu Israele. Mushe o funa u thusa muthu wa hawe, nga-u-ralo a vhulaha Mu Egipita, hone nga murahu o shavha khosi. Fuina la minwaha a dzula Sogani li no pfi Sinai. Huno nga linwe duvha a vhona tshithu tshi kanukisaho. A vhona tshitaka tshi swaho nga mulilo, hone tshi vha tshi sa swi tsha thothei. Mudzimu o amba na Mushe e tshitakani tshi swaho a ri, "Ndo zwi vhona zwauri vhathu vhanga tambudzwa nga tshituhu.
Ndi khon ruma ha khosi ya Eipita uri u endedze vhathu vhanga vha bve kha ilo shango.
Tshifanyiso 15: Mushe a Humela Ha Khosi
Ekisodo 3:11 - 10:29
Mushe o vha a tshi ofha hone o fulufhela Mudzimu a humela Egipita. Mukomana wawe Aroni o tshimbila nae. Vha ri kha khosi, "Mune, Mudzimu wa Israele uri: 'Litsha vhathu vhanga vha tuwe, u itela uri vha nnyitele vhutambo sogani.'" Hone khosi ya ri, "Nne a thi divhi Mudzimu na hone a thi nga litshi Israele a tuwa.."
Nga murahu ha zwenezwo khosi ya tambudza vha Isiraele luvhi u fhirisa vhukuma. Mudzimu vha ri kha Mushe, ..."Vha Egipita vha do zwi divha u ri ndi Nne Mudzimu musi ndi tshi tharamudza tshanda tshanga ndo vhifhela Egipita ndi tshi itela uri ndi bvise vha Isiraele kha lenelo shango."
Mudzimu vha do-vha-vho vhari, "Musi Farao a tshoi ri kha iwe ita vhutolo', hone uri kha Aroni, "Dzhia lubada lwau u lu pose fhasi phanda ha Farao' ndi hone lu tshi do vha nowa."
Aroni o thetshelesa, ndi hone khosi I tshi vhona maanda a Mudzimu, hone ho ngo toda u litsha vhathu vha tshimbila. Ngauralo Mudzimu o shuma vhutolo vhunzhi a tshi lwa na vha Egipita. O shandukisa madi o the a Egipita a vha malofha, ngauralo vha Egipita vhothe vho bwa u tsa na mulambo muhulu wa Nile vha tshi toda madi a u nwa. Mudzimu vha disa mathupho a zwidula, nzie, na tshifhango kha la Egipita. Mudzimu vha tendela vha dzia manditi vha tshi ita vhutolo vhu fanaho, hone Mudzimu vha shuma vhutolo vhunzhi he vhadzia manditi vha si kone u vhu ita. Henefho Mudzimu vha kaidza khosi vha ri vha na nungo nga maanda u fhira vha ita manditi vha Egipita. Hone naho zwo ralo khosi yo di hana u thetshelesa Mudzimu na hone ya si tende vha Isiraele vha tshi tuwa.
Tshifanyiso 16: Ngwana Ya Tshithavhelo
Ekisodo 12:1-36
Mudzimu vho dovha vha amba na Mushe vha tshi ri, "Vhudza Isiraele uri muta munwe na munwe kha u dzie ngwana tshi I thavhe. Vha dzhie manwe a malofha vha a dodze kha mihangambwa ya mahothi avho. Ndi do tshimbila kha shango lothe la Egipita. Ndi do vhulaha tanzhe linwe linwe la vhana vha vha tukana. Musi ndi tshi vhona malofha kha dzinndu dzanu, ndi do fhira ndi sa ni tshinyadze."
Mudzimu vho ita sa musi Vho amba. Matanzhe othe a vhatukana vha vha Egipita vho fa. Hone hu si vhe na muthihi wa matanzhe a vhatukana vha vha Isiraele we a fa. Ndi hone khosi I tshi rumela Mushe la uri: "Gonya! Tutshela vhathu vhanga, iwe na vhaIsiraele. Tshimbila u yo luvha Mudzimu sa musi wo humbela.
Tshifanyiso 17: Vha Tshi Wela Lwanzhe
Ekisodo 13:17 - 14:31
Mushe o endedza vhathu vha Isiraele vha tshi bva Egipita. Mudzimu vho tshimbila phanda havho vhe kha gole na mulilo. Hone vha Egipita vha sinyuwa nga maanda ngauri ndi musi vho xedza dziphuli dzavho. Khosi na mmbi yothe yawe vho tevhela vhaIsraele vha tshi toda u vha humisela murahu. Vha Israele vha swika kha lwanzhe luhulu lwe vha vha vha sa koni u lu wela. Vha Egipita ndi musi vhe murahu ha vho. Vha Isiraele vho vha vha sa koni u ri vha nga ponya. Mushe a ri kha vha Isiraele: "Ni songo ofha! Ni do vhona uri Mudzimu vha do ita mini uri vha ni tshidze." Ndi hone Mudzimu vha tshi vula ndila nga ngomu lwanzheni, vha Isiraele vha wela lwanzhe vha tshi kanda ho omaho.
Vha Egipita vha lingedza u vha tevhela, hone madi a da a vha thivhedza. A vho vha Egipita vhothe vho nwela khothe, vha Isiraele vho tshidzwa.
Tshifanyiso 18: Zwiliwa Na Madi Sogani
Ekisodo 16:1 - 17:7
Mushe o endedza vhathu sogani. Ndi musi vha sina zwiliwa zwo edanaho ngauralo vha thoma u gungulela Mushe, Aroni na Mudzimu. Madekwana manwe na manwe Mudzimu vho disa rumela murivha wa zwinoni zwituku uri vhathu vha le.
Matsheloni manwe na manwe vhurotho ha mana ha na vhu tshi bva tadulu. (He vhathu vha vhu vhidza uri ndi mana.) Musi hu sina mudi, vha Isiraele vha dovha hafhu vha gungulela Mushe. Mushe ari kha vho, "Ndi ngani ni tshi gungulwla nne? Ndi ngani ni tshi linga Mudzimu? " Mushe a rabela Mudzimu vha mu fhindula. Vha ri: "Dzhia lubada lwau u rwe tombo ndi hone madi a tshi do bva u ri vhathu vha nwe." Minwaha ya fuina Mudzimu vho fusha na u vhavhalela vhathu vha Isiraele sogani.
Tshifanyiso 19: Mushe E Kha Thavha Ya Mudzimu
Ekisodo 19:1 - 20:17; Psalema 19:1; Joh. 14:15
Vha Isiraele vho da thavhani ya Sinai. Mudzimu vha tsa kha thavha vhe kha mubvumo na kha lupenyo, vhe kha makole na mulilo. Mushe o gonya ntha ha thavha Mudzimu vha amba nae vha tshi ri; "Ndi nne Murena Mudzimu wau. U songo vha na minwe midzimu. U songo shumisela Dzina Langa thungo. Elelwa duvha la-vhu-sumbe u li ite li khethwa. Hulisa khotsi au na mme au. U songo vhulaha. U songo vha phombwe. U songo tswa. U songo hatula munwe nga ndila mmbi. U songo emula thundu dza vhanwe."
Nga murahuni, Mudzimu vho nwala milayo heyi na minwe milwayo kha dzimbaba dza tombo. Mushe a disa dzimbaba idzi fhasi ha thavha kha vhathu vhothe u ri a vha laye. Namasi ri a wana milayo ya Mudzimu kha Fhungo Lawe li re Bivhili. Mudzimu vho amba uri u vhulunga milayo ya vho hu na pfufho khulu. Yesu na enevho o ri, "Arali ni tshi mpfuna ni do tevhedza zwe nda ni laya.
Tshifanyiso 20: Nowa Kha Thanda
Numeri 21:4-9; Dotononomio 18:18
Vha Isiraele vho fulufhedzisa u tevhedza milayo ya Mudzimu, hone vha sa zwi ite. Vhathu vho dovha hafhu u gungulela Mudzimu na zwiliwa zwe Mudzimu vha vha nea. Mudzimu vha vha tarafa nga u vha rumela nowa dza vhutungu vhukati havho.
Vhathu vhanzhi vha fa nga u lumwa nga dzinowa. Vhathu vha lilela Mushe uri vha thuswe, Mushe a vha rabelela. Ndi hone Mudzimu vha tshi vhudza Mushe vha ri, :Ita nowa u I fhahee kha thanda uri nnyi na nnyi ane a lumiwa, a lavhelese kha yo uri a tshile." Ndi hone Mushe a tshi ita nowa tswuku a I fhahea kha thanda. Munwe na munwe we lumiwa nga nowa na hone a lavhelesa kha nowa tswuku, o tshila. Mushe o vha munwe wa vha porofita na murangaphanda muhulwanesa we vhaIsiraele vha vhuya vha vha nae. O ranga vhathu phanda ngei sogani minwaha ya fuina. Musi Mushe a sa athu u fa, Mudzimu vho ri khae, "Ndi do rumela munwe muporofita a no nga iwe a tshi bva kha vha Isiraele. U do vhudza vhathu tshinwe na tshinwe tshi ne nda do muvhudza."
Tshifanyiso 21: Yesu a Tshi Fusha Vhathu
Johane 6:1-58
Minwaha minzhi vhathu vha Isiraele vho vha vho lavhelela munwe muporofita a no nga/fana na Mushe. Mafheleleloni Yesu a bebwa shangoni la Isiraele. O funza vhathu nga ha Mudzimu sa zwe Mushe a ita. Linwe duvha vha bva vha ya fhethu hunwe u thetshelesa Yesu. Vhe henefho vha pfa ndala, hone vho vha vha sina zwiliwa. Munwe mutukana mutuku o vha e na lofo thanu dza vhurotho na khovhe thukhu mbili. Yesu a dzhia vhurotho na khovhe a livhuha Mudzimu. A kona u fusha vhathu vhothe nga izwo zwiliwa. Ndi musi vha tshi fhira zwigidi zwitanu. Vhathu vho ri, "Ngoho hoyu ndi Muporofita we apfi u do da shangoni!"
Nga duvha li tevhelaho Yesu o ri khavho, "Ndi Nne vhuswa ha vhutshilo. Ane a da ha Nne, ha nga do vhuya a pfa ndala na hone ane a tenda Nne ha nga do vhuya a pfa dora." Kha ri ye ha Yesu ri tende Ene.
Tshifanyiso 22: Yesu a Tshi Amba Na Mushe
Mateo 17:1-8; Luka 9:28-36
Mushe na Elia vhuvhili ha vho ndi musi vhe vha porofita vha Mudzimu. Vho tshila minwaha minzhi minzhi, musi Murena Yesu a sa athu u da shangoni. Linwe duvha Yesu o ranga vhatevheli vhawe vha tshe knou u gonya thavhani nga vhone (yo rabela) vhane u yo rabela. Musi Yesu a tshi rabela, tshifhatuwo tshawe tsho shanduka tsha penya. Zwiambaro zwawe zwa tshena sa lupenyo. Mushe na Elia vha bvelela tshedzani vhurenani na Ene. Yesu o vha a tshi zwi divha zwauri u tsini na u fa, na hone Mushe na Elia vha amba nae malugana na lufu lwawe. Vhafunziwa vha raru vha Yesu vho vha pfa tshi amba vhaehe (vho vharta vha tshi amba). Ha da gole la vha tibedza vhothe. Ipfi la Mudzimo lo amba li tshi bva kha gole la ri. "Hoyu ndi Murwa Wanga Ane nda mufuna, Ane nda mutakalela. Ni mu thetshelese." Musi ipfi lo amba, vhafunziwa vho vhona Yesu fhedzi.
Tshifanyiso 23: Yesu O Fela Rine
Johane 3:14-16
Vhathu vho sanda Yesu na hone vha Mu vhulaha. Maswole vho Mu ombela kha thanda ya tshifhambano. Vho Mu vhulaha na vhanwe vhanna vhavhili. Havha vhavhi vho vha vhe vha vhulahi, hone Yesu o vha a songo pfuka Milayo ya Mudzimu (kana wa muthu, kana wa muvhuso wa shango le a tshila khalo.) Hone ha, ha vhone na nne ro pfuka Milayo ya Mudzimu. Ro fanelwa nga thamu ya Mudzimu u tshinyadzwa tshothe, ra valelwa nnda ha tshifhatuwo tsha Mudzimu. Hone Mudzimu u funa vhathu vhothe. Ha funi rine ri tshi vha kule na tshifhatuwo tshawe na uri ri ye fhethu ha u tarafelwa hone hu no pfi Heleni.
Ngauralo Mudzimu vho rumela Yesu, Mwana Wavho, u hwala tshitarafu tshashu. Nga tshifhinga tsha Mushe, Malofha a Ngwana ya Paseka o shululwa u itela u tsireledza vha Isiraele kha tshitarafu tsha Mudzimu shangoni la Egipita. Yesu, Ngwana ya Mudzimu, o fa sa tshithavhelo tshashu.
Mulofha awe ndi mulifho wa zwivhi zwashu. (zwavha na zwanga) Musi Mushe a tshi imisela nowa tswuku ntha.......nga u ralo.
Jesu o vha a tshi fanela u imiselwa ntha kha Tshifambano u itela uri munwe na munwe ane a tenda (khae) A wane vhutshilo vhu sa fheli, sa tshifhiwa tshi bvaho ha Mudzimu. "Mudzimu o funa shango zwi ngafha ngafhe a vhuya a nekedza Murwa mubebwa e ethe wawe, uri vhothe vha mutendaho vha si lovhe, tshavho huvhe u tsila tshothe."
Tshifanyiso 24: Yesu E Tadulu
Johane 19:38; Mishumo 1:6-11
Muvhili wo faho wa Jesu wo fhahululwa kha tshifhambano wa vhewa tshaloni (bako). Hone nga duvha la vhuraru, Yesu o vuwa vhufuni. Vhathu vhanzhi vho amba na Ene, na hone ma duvha a fuina (40) musi ono vuwa vhafuni, vho Mu vhona a tshi gonya tadulu, sa musi vha tshi khou zwi vhona kha itshi tshifanyiso. Yesu u kha di tshila namusi. Mushe na vhothe vho faho vho-tenda Mudzimu, vha a tshila-vho. Vha tadulu. Mushe o vha e muranga phanda muhulu na Muporofita wa mudzimu, hone Yesu ndi Munwa wa Mudzimu. Ene ndi muhulu kule kule u fhira Mushe. Mushe o endedza vha Isiraele vha wela lwanzhe na hone vho tshidzwa/phuluswa kha vha Egipita. Hone Jesu o dela u tsidza vhathu VHOTHE vhane vha Mu tevhela. Nga linwe duvha Yesu u do vhuya hafhu, sa zwe a gonyisa zwone ntha tadulu. U do dzhia vhothe vha Mu tendaho uri vha vhe nae ngei tadulu. Dzikhonani dzanga, Nna vho di lugisela u tuwa na Yesu naa? (A nga di vhuya namusi!) Tendani Murena Yesu Kristo ndi hone vha tshi do tshidzwa.


c: text/html

text:
Tindlu ta Vatsonga
Tindlu ta Vatsonga a ti akiwa ku suka eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko swo fana na timhandzi, byanyi, maribye, misava na swin’wana. A va aka tindlu ta vona ti va ta xivumbeko xa xirhendzevutana ti rhendzela jarata ra muti.Tindlu leti a ti tlhela ti va na mahlayiselo ya tona loko ti hlakarile malwangu, kumbe makhumbi ya tona hambi ehansi laha a ti tlhela ti kuma ku fuleriwa, ku phamiwa no sindziwa leswaku ti tshama ti languteka ti hlayisekile hi mikarhi hinkwayo. Tindlu a ti kuma mitirho ku ya hi ku hambana ka tona. Laha tin’wana a ku etleriwa ka tona, ku swekela eka tona, ku hlayisela swingolongodzwana swa muti na swin’wana. Kambe tindlu leti ti ya ti ri karhi ti nyamalala hikwalaho ka ku cinca ka swilo ni hi mikucetelo leyi vangiwaka hi vanhu vo huma ematikweni ya lehandle.[2]
Matimu[Lulamisa | edit source]
Junod u hlamusela leswaku khale Vatsonga a va ri na tinxaka timbirhi ta tindlu. Tindlu ta ndhavuko wa Vatsonga a ti fana na tindlu leti Valungu va ti akelaka tinyoxi. Tindlu ta khale ta Vatsonga a ti akiwa hi timhandzi na tinhlanga, ti endla khumbi. Ehenhla ka rona a ku tlhandlekiwa lwangu ra timhandzi ni byanyi. Tindlu to tala ta Vatsonga a tiri ta xirhendzevutana.[3]
Ku ya hi matimu lawa ya nga boxiwa laha henhla hinkwako lomu va nga famba va ya kona Vatsonga lava a va ri na maakelo, matshamelo ya tindlu ku ya hi ndhavuko wa vona. Matsalwa ya Da Sive ira ya kombisa leswi:
"Vatsonga a va tshama eka tinxaka timbirhi ta tindlu. A va tshama eka tindlu ta ku fana na tindlu ta tinxaka leti Valungu va ti akaka. Tindlu tin’wana a ku ri tindlu to akiwa hi timhandze na tinhlanga ti endla makhumbi. Kutani ehenhla ka tona ku tlhandlekiwa lwangu ra timhandze na byanyi.Tindlu to tala a ku ri ta xirhendzevutani."[3]
Khale ku aka tindlu a swi nga va durheli nchumu, a swo lava ntamu wa munhu hikuva hinkwaswo swa switirhisiwa a ku ri swa ntumbuluko.
“Tindlu ta Vatsonga a ti akiwa hi switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. A ti akiwa hi timhandzi, leti a ti ri tona a ti rhanga ti endla rimba (frame) kutani ti phamiwa lomu xikarhi hi misava ya tshuka.” - Mhinga[4]
Tindlu leti hlamuseriwaka a ta ha talangi exikarhi ka Vatsonga, leswi swi va swi vangiwa hi ku chava ku tekeriwa ehansi na hi mikucetelo leyi vangiweke hi Valungu ehenhla ka Vantima. Ku vile na ku cinca lokukulu, loku vangiweke hi ku landzelela mikhuva ya Xilungu, ku sukeriwa maendlelo ya ndhavuko wa xikhale, hikuva ematshan’weni ya tindlu to tala ku akiwa yin’we yi hambanyisiwa hi makamara.
ku fika ka Maswisa eAfrika ku endlile leswaku maakelo ni mahlayiselo ya tindlu ta ndhavuko swi suka matihlweni ya Wantima, ku langutiwa ntsena eka maakelo ya tindlu ta Xilungu laha eka switirhisiwa hinkwaswo swi ngo xavisiwa ku sukeriwa swa ntumbuluko.
Mintshaho[Lulamisa | edit source]
- ↑ Henri Junod - "Life of a south african tribe". Vol 1, 1922
- ↑ Malabela NM,Nkanelo wa maakelo, mahlayiselo ni mintirho ya tindlu ta ndzhavuko ta vatsonga, University of Limpopo - 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 HA Junod, "Tsonga languages and dialects" - the Internet Archive. Retrieved 14 March 2016
- ↑ Mhinga M.E,Nkucetelo wa vukreste eka mafambisele ya muti wa ndhavuko wa vatsonga, University of Limpopo - 2012

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
Rirhandzu Ra Ntiyiso I Yini?
Tibuku ta switori leti vulavulaka hi vanhu lava rhandzanaka minkarhi yin’wana va tshovane timbilu, kambe Rirhandzu ra ntiyiso ri akiwa hi milawu ya Bibele leyi nga tsekatsekiki.
Rirhandzu Ra Ntiyiso I Yini?
Milawu ya Bibele yi nga pfuna Vakreste leswaku va hlawula munhu loyi a fanelekaka loyi va nga tekanaka na yena ni ku kombisana rirhandzu ra ntiyiso niloko se va tekanile.
Rirhandzu Ra Ntiyiso I Yini?
—Xingheniso
U nga vuyeriwa eka milawu leyi nga eka vhidiyo leyi kambe u swi xiya leswaku ndlela leyi vanhu va vutanaka ha yona ya hambana hi ku ya hi mindhavuko.


text:
10 “Ndzi venga vutomi bya mina.+Ndzi ta phofula leswi ndzi karhataka.Ndzi ta vulavula hikwalaho ka leswi ndzi twaka ku vava!2 Ndzi ta byela Xikwembu ndzi ku: ‘U nga vuli leswaku ndzi ni nandzu.Ndzi byele leswaku hikwalaho ka yini u lwa na mina.3 Xana swa ku pfuna ku tshikilela vanhu,Ku nyenya ntirho wa mavoko ya wena+U ri karhi u yima ni makungu ya lavo homboloka?4 Xana u ni matihlo yo fana ni ya vanhu,Kumbe xana u vona ku fana ni munhu?5 Xana masiku ya wena ma fana ni masiku ya vanhu,Kumbe xana malembe ya wena ma fana ni malembe ya munhu,+6 Lerova u nga ndzi xopaxopa swihoxoNi ku tshamela ku lavisisa swidyoho swa mina?+7 Wa swi tiva leswaku a ndzi na nandzu;+Naswona a nga kona la nga ta ndzi lamulela eka wena.+8 Mavoko ya wena hi wona ma nga ndzi vumba ma tlhela ma ndzi endla,+Kambe sweswi u lava ku ndzi lovisa.9 Ndzi kombela u tsundzuka leswaku u ndzi endle hi vumba+Kambe sweswi u ndzi tlherisela entshurini.+10 Xana a wu ndzi chululanga ku fana ni ntswambaU ndzi tiyisa ku fana ni chizi?11 U ndzi ambexe nhlonge ni nyamaU ndzi luka hi marhambu ni misiha.+12 U ndzi nyike vutomi u tlhela u ndzi rhandza;U ndzi hlayisile u ndzi sirhelela.+13 Kambe u kunguhate ku endla swilo leswi exihundleni.*Ndza swi tiva leswaku swilo leswi swi vangiwa hi wena.14 Loko a ndzi dyohile a wu ta ndzi vona,+Naswona a wu nga ta ndzi rivalela.15 Loko ndzi ri ni nandzu, swa mina swa vava!Hambiloko ndzi nga ri na nandzu, a ndzi nge yi tlakusi nhloko ya mina,+Hikuva ndzi tele hi tingana ni ku xaniseka.+16 Loko ndzi tlakusa nhloko, u ndzi hlota ku fana ni nghala,+U tlhela u lwa na mina hi matimba ya wena.17 U ndzi tisela timbhoni letintshwa ti ta ndzi lumbetaNaswona u ya u ndzi hlundzukela,Loko ndzi ri karhi ndzi weriwa hi makhombo hi ku landzelelana.18 Kutani hikwalaho ka yini u ndzi humesile ekhwirini?+A ndzi fanele ndzi file ndzi nga si voniwa.19 A swi ta fana ni loko ndzi nga si tshama ndzi va kona;A ndzi ta va ndzi nambe ndzi susiwe ekhwirini ndzi yisiwa esirheni.’20 Xana masiku ya mina a hi matsongo?+ A xi ndzi tshike;A xi langute ekule na mina leswaku ndzi ta beriwanyana hi moya+21 Ndzi nga si ya etikweni ra munyama lowukulu,*+Laha ndzi nga taka ndzi nga ha vuyi,+22 Etikweni ra munyama lowukulu,Tiko ra xinyami lexikulu ni hasahasa,Laha hambi ku ri ku vonakala ku fanaka ni munyama.”
Tinhlamuselo ta le hansi
^ Hi Xiheveru, “Swilo leswi u swi tumbete embilwini ya wena.”


text:
What is FameLab?
FameLab is an international competition designed to engage and entertain by challenging young scientists to communicate their science to a public audience in under 3 minutes. Talks are fun and engaging, making science relevant to everyone, without using jargon or formal presentations. Talks are judged on content, clarity and charisma.
Who can enter?
Entrants must be 21 to 35 years of age and currently registered, studying or working in science, technology, engineering or mathematics in South Africa.
How can you enter?
Multiple heats take place across the country, hosted by various institutions. Any institutions wishing to host a heat can complete the Expression of Interest (https://bit.ly/FameLab_ExpressionOfInterest). The schedule of heats will be published soon with details of how participants can register.
Why should you enter?
- Enhance your presentation skills through competition and training by some of the world’s best science communicators.
- Network with scientists from diverse disciplines.
- Be part of the growing community of passionate scientists, from around the world. Get noticed – put your science on a national and international platform.
What can you win?
- National winner will receive a R5 000.00 cash prize and the chance to represent South African in the FameLab International finals.
- National runners-up will win R2 500.00 cash prize each.
- Semi-finalists will receive science communication masterclass training delivered by world renowned trainers.
- FameLab overview
- Geologist, Tshiamo Legoale Wins the FameLab South Africa competition: Taking African Science to the World
- Shining the light on quality scientists
- Pop Idols for scientists
- Selecting the FameLab South Africa winners
- Registration now open for SA’s ‘Pop Idols of Science’
- My FameLab experience
- Young scientists talk science on a global stage
- International “talking science” competition picks its South African winner
- FameLabSA 2014 – “Pop idols for scientists”
- International FameLab Competition: South African scientist impresses in finals
- Get famous … “sell” your science at FameLab
FameLab is an international competition designed to engage and entertain by challenging young scientists to communicate their science to a public audience in under 3 minutes. Talks are fun and engaging, making science relevant to everyone, without using jargon or formal presentations. Talks are judged on content, clarity and charisma.
Mopani, in Limpopo, is a tropical region and the province’s agricultural hub. Because it is a tropical region, it has only two seasons - the dry and wet season - making it highly susceptible to climate change. Letago’s research look at the impact of climate change on small holder farmers and agriculture in this region. Climate change means long term variability in weather patterns and is often characterised by increased temperature and changes in precipitation. In the Mopani district, in the wet seasons there are more floods, thunderstorms and hailstorms, while in the dry seasons, there are more veld fires, droughts and dry spells. The impact of climate change can be seen in agriculture, through reduced crop production and general poor crop health, more animal disease and land degradation. How well farmers perceive and understand climate change determines how well they adapt to it. In the Mopani district, farmers use indigenous knowledge passed on from generation to generation to adapt to climate change more than the methods prescribed by the department of agriculture. Letago’s research advocates for the inclusion for the indigenous knowledge systems as viable sources of knowledge for disaster management strategy in climate change policies.
Hambileswi mati ya languteka ya basile ku tlula mati yo languteka ya thyakile ya muhlovo wa ribungwa, kambe a swi vuli leswaku ya nga nwiwa hikuva ya nga va ya ri na thyaka ro kari leri nga voniwiki hi matihlo. Swin’wana leswi thyakisaka mati I mirhi yo fana na Nevirapine ku nga murhi lowu tirhisiwaka ku tshungula xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV na AIDS. Murhi kumbe maphilisi yo fana na lawa ya fika na le tiphayiphini ta mati ku suka eka murhundzu, mahuma loko ku fulaxiwa exihambukelweni. Ku nwa mati yo ka ya nga tenganga swi vangelana kuvabyi. I swa konka ku va hi kota ku vona mirhi leyi endzeni ka mati. Sweswi ku tirhisiwa michini leyikulu yo durha naswona yi teka nkarhi wo leha. Kambe michini leyi tirhisaka ti ‘quantum dots’ ku nga michumu leyintsongo swinene leswi vulaka leswaku hambi hi matihlo a yi voniwi. Michumu leyi hi yona yi nga antswisaka xiyimo lexi hikuva yi nga kota ku vona mirhi leyi endzeni ka mati. Hi maendlelo lawa ha tshemba leswaku mati ya ta tengisiwa ku antswa leswaku vanhu va nwa mati yo tenga.
Mopani, eLimpopo I ndhawu ya xifundza xa tropika yi tlhela yiva xifunzdhankulu xa swa vurimi. Hikuva I xifundza xa tropika,xi na tinguva timbirhi nguva yo oma na nguva yo tsakama leswi nga tolovekiki. Nlavisiso wa Letago wu languta eka switandzhaku swa ku cinca ka tlayimeti eka varimi lava ntsongo na vurimi eka xifundzha lexi. Ku cinca ka tlayimeti swi nga endla leswaku ku tlakuka mahiselo na timpfula. eXifundzheni xa Mopani hi nguva yo tsakama kuna tindhambi to tala, mabubutsa na tilo, na mabubutsa ya xihangu, kasi hi nguva yo oma, kuna ku pya ka khwati, dyandza na ku oma ka misava. Switandzaku swa ku cinca ka tlayimeti swi nga voniwa eka vurimi, eka ku ehla ka ntshovelo, na kuva swimilana swi nga kuli hi mfanelo, ku tala ka vuvabyi bya swiharhi na ku cinca ka misava. Leswi varimi va swi vonisaka xiswona ni vutivi bya vona bya ku cinca ka tlayimeti swi kombisa leswaku va swi tolovele ku fika kwini. eXifundzheni xa Mopani, varimi va tirhisa vutivi bya vona bya khale lebyi va nga byi kuma eka rixaka ra vona ra khale ku tolovela ku cinca ka tlayimeti ku tlula maendlelo lawa ya nga hlawuriwa hi ndzawulo ya vurimi. Vulavisisi bya Letago byi seketela leswaku maendlelo lawa ya vutivi bya khale bya varimi I bya nkoka eka mfumo ku va wu nyika swilemukiso swa kahle.
HIV positive people take medication called ARVs (antiretrovirals) to help them live longer and healthier lives. However, the ARVs also change how mitochondria in our cells of the body work. Mitochondria are found inside cells and they work like batteries. They give energy to cells but when they ‘run down’ they affect organs in the body, including the eyes. Eyes are important for our sight, but also, through them, we can get an overall view of someone’s health and lifestyle. This is because the blood vessels in the eyes are directly visible. You can tell if someone is taking their medication or not. Early diagnoses of different diseases can also be made through the eyes. Lungile’s research will track how ARVs and HIV affect the body by taking a picture of the retina, part of the eye that helps us to see, using optical coherence tomography or OCT for short. The OCT allows you to see the different layers in an eye. These layers in HIV positive people and non-infected people have been found to be different. Lungile’s research will study the differences in the pigment layer. It is a non-invasive method and will allow her to track how the disease is affecting the body.
Vanhu lava va nga na HIV va teka maphilisi lawa ya vitaniwaka ma ARVs (antiretrovirals) ku va pfuna leswaku va hanya nkarhi wo leha va tlhela va va na rihanyo ra kahle. Hambiswiritano ma ARVs ya cinca leswi mitochondria eka ti sele ta miri wa hina ti tirhisaka xiswona. Mitochondria yi kumeka endzeni ka ti sele naswona yi tirha tanihi mabetri. Ya nyika ti sele matimba kambe loko mahela swi onha swirho emirini, ku katsa na matihlo. Mithlo I ya nkoka hikuva ya hi pfuna ku vona, kambe eka wona hi nga tlhela hi kuma leswaku munhu rihanyo ra yena ri njani na mahanyelo ya yena. Hikuva misiha ya ngati ematihlweni ya vonaka. U nga swikota ku vona leswaku munhu wa nwa maphilisi kumbe e-e. vuvanyi byo hambana hambana byi nga kamberiwa hiku languta endzeni ka matihlo ntsena. Vulavisisi bya Lunghile byi ta landzelela leswaku ma ARVs na HIV swi tikisela miri njani hi ku teka xinepe xa retina lexi xi hi pfunanaka leswaku hi kota ku vona, ku tirhisiwa Optical Coherence Tomography kumbe OCT hi ku komisa. OCT yi ku pfumelela leswaku u vona tindhawu hinkwato endzeni ka tihlo. Ti ndhawu leti, eka vanhu lava va nga na HIV na vanhu lava va kalaka va nga ri ki na yona a ti fani. Vulavisis bya Lunghile byi ta lunguta ku hambana eka tinghawu leti. Maendlelo lawa a ya na sejari naswona swi ta n’wi pfumelela leswaku a kota ku landzelela vuvabyi lebyi onhaka miri.
Vhathu vhano lwala dzwadze tshifu ‘HIV’ vha dzhia philisi dza ARVs uri dzikone uvha thusa khau lalama nauvha na mutakalo. ARVs I shandukisa mitochondria kha kushumele kwa muvhilini. Mitochondria dzi wanala kha dzi sele dza muvhili dza shuma sa bitiri. Dzifha maanda kha dzi sele ngeno musi dzo fhela maanda dzi vhaisa nga ngomu muvhilini wa muthu na mato. Mato ndia vhuthugwa khau vhona. Nauri ngauto asedza ria kona uvhona mutakalo wa muthu na kutshilele kwawe. Hezwi ndi ngauri tsinga dza malofha auya kha mato dzia vhonala. Zwia sumbedza uri muthu ukho mila philisi dzawe na kana hakho dzhia. Tsedzuluso ngau tavhanya dza malwadze dzia kona uitwa ngakha mato a muthu. Tsedzuluso dza Lungile dzidodi sendekana kha ARVs and HIV uri dzi vhaisa hani muvhili ngauto dzhia tshinepe tsha retina, tshipida tsha lito tshinori thusa uvhona, ritshikho shumisa Optical Coherence Tomography kana OCT. Heyi OCT iri thusa khau vhona mbemba dzoyaho ngau fhambana kha mato. Hedzi mbemba kha vhathu vharena HIV na vhasongo kavhiwaho ddzivhonala dzo fhambana. Tsedzuluso dza Lungile dzido todolosa phambano vhukati ha mbemba idzo. Ndi mulayo wo tendelwaho une wado muthusa khau wanulusa uri malwadze aya akho vhaisa muvhili nga ndilade.
A healthy skin and pore has an outer most layer (or epidermis), the middle layer (or dermis), and hair follicles. Sebaceous glands produce the body’s natural oil called sebum to help moisturise and protect the skin, and only a small amount of sebum is necessary to maintain soft skin. But with acne, sebum is over produced. This causes the top layer of dead skin cells to become very sticky, which creates an environment for bacteria to overgrow, causing redness, swelling and pus. Squeezing a pimple causes the infection to spread to other arears of the skin where more acne can develop. Shivani’s research focuses on studying naturally-derived rosehip carrier oil in combination with essentials oils for the treatment of acne. The combination of the oils help to sooth the redness and swelling of the skin and also stops the growth of bacteria. The oils penetrate deep into the skin so the skin is not left greasy and they can restore balance to the skin.
Dzovo ra rihanyo ra kahle ri na randlalo ra le handle, randlalo ra le xikarhi, na laha ku nga na misisi. Nhlaribye ya mafurha yi humesa mafurha ya ntumbuluko lawa ya vitaniwaka sebum lawa ya pfunaka ku tsakamisa no hlayisa dzovo, naswona I sebum leyintsongo leyi lavekaka leswaku dzovo ro olova. Kambe loko swi ta ka swirhumbana (acne), mafurha ya huma ku tlula mpipo. Leswi swi endla leswaku dzovo leri nga le hendla ra ti sele leti nga fa ri khomana, leswi swi endlaka ndhawu ya xiborokisi ku yi andza, leswi swi nga ta endla ku tshwukuluka, ku pfimba na vuvopfu. Ku boxa xirhumbana swi endla leswaku xi tlulela eka tin’wana tindhawu eka dzovo laha xin’wana xirhumbana xi nga kotaka ku huma kona. Nlavisiso wa Shivani wu langutela ku dyondza maendlelo ya mafurha ya rosehip na nkatsakanyo wa mafurha ya nkoka ku ta herisa swirhumbana. Nkatsakanyo wa mafurha lawa ya pfula eka ku herisa ku tshwukuluka na ku pfimba ka dzovo, nakambe na ku yimisa ku kula ka xiborokisi. Mafurha lawa ya nghena endzeni ka dzovo leswaku leswaku ri nga taleriwi hi mafurha naswona ya tlhela ya kota ku lulamisa dzovo no ri tlherisela ematshan’wini.
Lukanda lurena mutakalo na mabuli-buli luna mbemba nga nnda, mbemba ya vhukati na mahaha. Sebaceous gland ithusa muvhili uri u bveledze mapfura ane apfi sebum uthusa u penyelela nau tsireledza muvhili. Nauri rotha lituku la sebum li thusa u penyelelisa lukanda lusekene. Fhedzi huna acne heyi sebum ito nana ubveledzwa. Izwi zwiita uri lukanda lwa ntha lwa lukanda lwofaho lu onyane, zwinw zwaita uri zwitshili zwiwane fhethu hau aluwa hone., zwa tsuka, uzwimba nau kukumuwa. U kwatula tsipundu zwiita uri tsibve hune kha lunwe lurumbu lwa lukanda hune acne yado hula hone. Tsedzuluso dza Shivani dzo sedzana na Naturally-Deliver Rosehip carrier oil nau tangana ha manwe mapfura au alafha acne. U tanagana ha mapfura aya zwiita thusa khau tsukuluwa nau kukumuwa ha lukanda nau hivhela ualuwa ha zwitshili. Mapfura ato dzhenelela nga maada kha lukanda uitela uri lukanda lwasa sale lawo bauluwa uri hukoniwe uvhuisiwa lukanda lwavhudi.
Cyclodextrin can be used to treat cancer along with other chemotherapy drugs. It acts like a vacuum sucking up the cholesterol that protects cancer cells from being destroyed in the body. Cholesterol is a substance found within cells and protects them from death while allowing them to grow, move and multiply. However cancer has too much cholesterol within their cell membrane that protects them. Once the cholesterol is removed, the cancer cells are weakened and other chemotherapy drugs can come in and fight against the cancer cells. Cyclodextrin can save millions of lives.
Cyclodextrin yi nga tirhisiwa ku tshungula vuvabyi bya mfukuzana hi maphilisi ya chemotheraphy. Yi tirha ku fana na vaccum leyi mamaka cholesteral leyi sirhelelaka mfukuzana leswaku yi herisiwa emirini. Cholesterol I swilo leswi kumiwaka eka ti sele ,yi tlhela yi ti sirhelela ku ti nga fi kambe yi ti pfumelela leswakuti kula, ti fambafamba, ti tlhela ti andza. Hambiswiritano, mfukuzana yi na cholesterol yo tala eka ti sele leti ti ti sirhelelaka. Loko cholesterol yi susiwa mfukuzana wu ta hela matimba na maphilisi ya chemotheraphy ya ta kota ku nghena ya lwisana na ti sele ta mfukuzana. Cyclodextrin yi nga pfuna gidi ya magidi ya vutomi bya vanhu.
Cyclodextrin inga kona u thusa chemotheraphy u alafha khentsa. Ishuma sa mutshini wau bvisa dzitshika dzinonga Cholesterol i tsireledza sele dza khentsa khau kwashea ha muvhili. Cholesterol ndi tshishumiswa tshine tsha wanala kha sele tshine tshadzi tsireledza kha lufu musi tshikhodzi tendela uri dzi hule, utshimbila nau dala. khentsa in cholesterol nzhisa ngakha zwivalo zwa sele yadzo dzine dzadzi kuvhatedza. Musi cholesterol dzono bvisiwa sele dza cancer dzi mbodi fhela maanda, philisi dza chemotherapy dzinga kona udzhena dzalwa la vhulwadze na vhulwadze ha khentsa. Cyclodextrin iya phulusa matshilo avhathu uswika kha million.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) has infected about 37.7 million people worldwide, two thirds of whom are in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is still no cure for it. Once the virus is in the body, it instructs cells to make more copies of itself. The copies then infect healthy cells and spread the infection throughout the body. A person that is infected with HIV takes ARVs, which is now only one pill a day. However, in some cases the virus lies asleep in some of the cells and does not produce copies of itself. It cannot be targeted by the ARVs, and this makes finding a cure for HIV difficult. These cells cluster together to form a ‘HIV latent reservoir’, but it is not known how the reservoirs are formed. HIV has a special gene called ‘tat’ that plays an important role in HIV replication. Changes in ‘tat’ can either decrease or increase HIV replication. ‘Tat’ works together with ‘P-TEFb’ to enhance the rate of HIV replication. Zakhithi’s research aims to find how changes in ‘tat’ affect its ability to work with ‘P-TEFb’ and also to know how to wake up the sleepy virus so it can begin to replicate again and thus be targeted by ARVs. This will edge us closer to finding the cure for HIV.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yi tlulele vanhu vo ringana 37.7 ya gidi ya magidi misava hinkwayo, mbirhi-xa-nharhu eka lava va nga le Sub-Saharan Afrika. Nasweswi a kuna vutsunguri bya yona. Loko xitsongwatsongwana lexi xi nghena emirini, xi lerisa ti sele leswaku ti endla tikhopi tin’wana to fana na tona. Ti sele leti hi tona ti tluletaka ti sele ta kahle emirini leswaku na tona ti hangalasa xitsongwatsongwana lexi miri hinkwawo. Munhu lweyi a nga na vuvabyi bya HIV i nwa maARVs, sweswi ku nga philisi rin’we hi siku. Hambiswiritano, nkarhi un’wana xitsongwatsongwana lexi xa etlela eka ti sele tin’wana xi nga endli tikhopi to fana na xona. Loko swi ri hi ndlela leyi ti ARVs ta tsandzeka ku xi kuma, leswi swi endlaka leswaku swi tika ku tshungula HIV. Ti sele leti ta hlangana hi ntlawa ti endla HIV ‘latent reservoir’, kambe ti na nkoka lowu kulu eku tatiseni ka HIV. Ku cinca ka ‘tat’ swi nga ehlisa kumbe ku tlakusa eku tatiseni ka HIV. ‘Tat’ yi tirha swin’we na ‘P-TEFb’ ku tlakusa HIV. Vulavisisi bya Zakithi byi lava ku kuma leswi endlaka ‘tat’ yi nga koti ku tirhisana na ‘P-TEFb’ na ku tiva leswaku xitsongwatsongwana lexi xi nga etlela xi nga pfuxiwa njani leswaku xi ta sungula ku ti andzisa nakambe leswaku maARVs ya ta tirha eka xona. Leswi swi ta hi tshuneta ekusuhi na ku kuma vutshunguri bya HIV.
HIV yono kavha vhathu vhano swika 37.7 ya million ya vhathu shango nga vhuphara. Vhuvhili ha dzinwe dzavha kha Sub-Sahara Africa. Hutuvha na mushonga une watopfi uyai fhodza. Musi tshitshili itsho tshitshito dzhena kha muvhili, tshirumela dzi sele uri dziite dzi khophi dzatsho. Idzo khophi dzavha dzone dzino kavha sele dzirena mutakalo dza kona upfukela kha muvhili wothe. Muthu o kavhiwaho nga HIV udzia ARVs, ine yavha yone philisi nthihi ine wa tea u dzhia luthihi kha muvhili. Nga inwe ndila tshitshili hetshi tshia edela kha dzinwe dzadzi sele tshasa kone u bveledzisa dzi khophi. Ingasi kone u kundwa nga ARVs, zwine zwa ita uri huvhe na vhukondi hau wana mushonga wa HIV. Idzi sele dzitumana dzavha tshivhumbeo tshau tsireledza HIV, fhedzi azwi divhei uri izwo zwiteireledzi zwivhumbea hani. HIV ina gene ine yavha na vhuimo vhuhulu. Tshanduko kha ‘tat’ i fhungudza kana zwagonyisa u kavhiwa ha HIV. Ukwamana ha ‘Tat’ hu shumisana na ‘P-TEFb uitela uri I kone u vhona kualutshle kwa HIV. Tsedzuluso dza Zakhithi dzodi sendeka khau sedza kushandukele kwa ‘Tat’ uri ku kwamana hani na kushumele kwa P-TEFb nau divha uri tshitshili tsho edelaho tshinga vuswa nga ndilade uri tshi kone u dala tsha dovha uri tsho vhalelwa nga ARVs. Izwi zwidori konisa uri rikone uwana mushonga wa HIV.
Caitlin fell in love with the prehistoric world and wanted to explore the past. As a palaeobiologist, she is fulfilling her lifelong dream. When we are facing unprecedented challenges of global change and social unrest, why should we care about some long dead bones? By looking at fossils, we can see through to the past. The sun that shines upon us today rises over a very different Africa than it did in prehistory. Some species of the past are now extinct but their resilient relatives forged on to give rise to species we see today. Palaeoscience helps us understand things of the past and better understand modern biodiversity, model long term patterns and help us make informed decisions about our future. When we face challenges of an unpredictable future we need only to look in our past and be reminded that life does indeed find a way.
Caitlin I rhandzile misava yakhale a tlhela a lava ku kuma leswi swi nga endleka melembe ndzhaku. Tani hi munhu lweyi a nga dyondzela ntivo-swa-khale ya swa marhambu ya swiharhi, I humelerisa ku navela kayena ka malembe. Loko hi hlangana na swiyomo swo ka hi nga swi rindzelanga leswi cincaka misava hinkwayo, leswi nga tiseki kurhula eka vanhu, hikokwalaho ka yini hi va na mhaka na marhambu lawa ya nga fa khale? Hi ku languta marhambu ya swiharhi ya khale, hi nga swikota ku vona leswi nga humelela khale. Dyambu leri ri hi tlhavelaka namuntlha ri tlhava eka Afrika yo hambana na leyi a ri tlhava eka yona khale. Swiharhi swin’wani swa khale sweswi a swa ha ri kona kambe swo fana na swona hiswona leswi hi swi vonaka namuntlha. Ntivo-swa-khale ya swa marhambu ya swiharhi yi hi pfuna ku hi twisisa swilo swa khale na ku tswisisa swa sweswi. Yi tlhela yi hi pfuna leswaku hi teka magoza eka leswi hi swi lavaka eka vumundzuku bya hina. Loko hi hlangana na swiphiqo leswi ahi nga swi langutelanga hi fanele hi languta ndhzaku hi tsundzuka leswaku vutomi bya cinca loko mkarhi wu famba.
Caitlin othoma u funana na divhazwakale ya shango atoda udivhesesa ngazwa kale. Sa Mupalaeobiologist uco bveledza muloro wa vhutshilo hawe. Musi ritshi khou tangana na vhukondi husongo lavheleleaho ha ushanduka ha mupo na nyambedzano dzi songo doweleaho, ndi ngani ritshi tea uvha na ndavha na marambo osinaho? Ngauto sedza masalela ria kona uvhona zwa murahu. Duvha heli line la khouri penyela namusilitakutshela ntha ha afrika lo shandukaho kha helia la ngei murahu. Lunwe lushaka lwa murahu hangei lwono fhelela fhedzi vhanwe mashaka ahone vholingedza khauri huvhe na nyaluwo kha lushaka lune rakho luvhona namusi. Nupalaeosaitsi u shuma uri thusa uri rikone upfesesa zwithu zwa kale nauri rikone upfesesa mupo wa musalauno, uko kutevhedzele kwari thusa uri ri kone udi dzhiela dzi tsheo tshifhingani tshidaho. Musi ritshi tangana na vhukondi ha vhutshilo risongo lavhelela ri tea u sedza vhubvo hashu rii humbudzwe uri vhutshilo huya wana ndila.
Blood sugar and insulin level have highs and lows throughout the day. Food scientists use a tool called the glycaemic index (GI) to rate how carbohydrate foods boost blood sugar levels. High GI foods, such as doughnuts and white bead, have a GI from 75-100. Low GI foods have a GI less than 55. This includes all-grain foods, like brown rice and brown bread. A key food component that can be used reduce the carbohydrate load of food is fibre. Fibre is an edible part of a plant, which is not digested in your small intestine but travels to the large intestine where it is broken down by micro-organisms to release a compound called short chain fatty acids and helps to release a steady flow of sugar in the blood throughout the day. The World Health Organisation recommends an adult should consume 29- 40 grams of fibre per day, but South Africans consume only about 10 grams per day. Oluwatyoyin’s research aims to bridge this fibre gap, by introducing fibre from wheat bran and oat bran into a popularly consumed, deep fried dough snack called ‘amagwinya’, which is made from wheat flour, sugar, water and yeast. ‘Amagwinya’ has a high oil and high carbohydrate content. In the lab, ‘amagwinya’ has been enriched with an oat and wheat bran and GI levels measured. The ‘amagwinya’ without bran had 80 GI and while the one with bran had 56 GI, which means adding bran lowers the GI level from a high GI to a medium GI. This could help us reach our target for fibre each day.
Chukele ra ngati na levheli ya insulin yi na lehenhla na lehansi siku hinkwaro. Vanhu va sayense ya swakudya va tirhisa xitirhisiwa lexi vitaniwaka glycaemic index ku nga GI hi ku komisa ku pima leswaku swakudya swa khabohayidireti swi tlakusa njani levheli ya chukele ra ngati. GI ya le henhla ya swakudya swo fana na madhonati na xinkwa xo basa swi na GI yo suka ka 75-100. GI ya le hansi ya swakudya yi na GI ya le hansi ka 55. Leswi swi katsa swakudya hinkwaswo swa tindzoho swo fana na rhayisi na xinkwa xa ribungwa. Swakudya leswi nga tirhisiwaka ku hunguta khabohayidireri I fayiba. Fayiba I ndhawu yo karhi ya ximilana leyi dyiwaka, leswi nga koteki ku gayeleka eka marhumbu lamantsongo kambe swi ya eka marhumbu lamakulu laha swi kotaka ku gayeleka hi micro-organisms ku humesa ti esidi ta mafurha no pfuna ku humesa chukele ro tala engatini siku hinkwaro. World Health Organisation yi hlohlotla leswaku lonkulu u fanele ku dya 29-40 ya ti gireme ta fayiba hi siku, kambe vanhu va Afrika-Dzonga va dya 10 wa ti gireme ntsena hi siku. Vulavisisi bya Oluwatyoyin byi lava ku pfala vangwa leri nga kona ra fayiba, hi ku katsa mapa ya koroni na mapa ya otsi eka magwinya hikuva ya dyiwa ngopfu. Magwinya I mbila leyi cheriwaka emafurheni ya ku hisa, lawa ya endliwaka hi fulawa ya koroni, chukele, mati na handzelo. Mangwinya ya na mafurha yo tala na khabohayidireti ya le henhla. eLebu mangwinya ya nonisiwile hi otsi na mapa ya koroni na tilevheli ta GI leti nga kaliwa. Mangwinya loko ya nga ri na mapa ya va na GI yo fika ka 80 kasi leyi nga na mapa yi na 56 GI, leswi vulaka leswaku loko u tatisa mapa swi ehlisa levheli ya GI ku suka henhla yi ya ka GI ya le xikarhi. Leswi swi nga endla leswaku hi fikelela ku navela ka hina hi tlhelo ra fayiba siku na siku.
Swigiri ya malofha inau gonya nautsa duvha lothe. Rasaintsi wa zwiliwa u shumisa chishumiswa tshinopfi Gycaemic index usedza uri zwiliwa zwirena carbohydrates zifha maanda hani swigiri ya malofha.zwiliwa zwirena GI ire ntha, ufanana na magwinya na vhurotho vhutshena, zwina GI yau swika 75000. Zwiliwa zwirena GI thukhu zwidovha zwavhana GI ire fhasi ha 55. Hezwi zwi jenisa na zwiliwa zwothe zwa gurou, u fanana na raisi ya buraweni na vhurotho ha burawen. Mvula tswinga ya zwiliwa ine yanga shumiswa u fhungudza tsileme tsha carbohydrate kha zwiliwa ndi fibre/mupfemu. Mupfemu/fibre ndi tshimela tsho khwathaho, tshine tshingasi kone u sukanyea kha lila lisekene fhedzi tshi tshimbila tshaya kha lila lihulwane hune lado kona u khwashekanyea nga micro-organisms uri ibvise khomphaundu ine yavha tshaini thukhu ya fatty acids ine ya thusa ubvisa swigiri yo soko omaho kha malofha duvha lothe. World Health Organisationikho tutuwedza uri vhaaluwa vhatea ula 29-40 yadzi gireme dza fibre/mupfemu nga duvha, fhedzi vhathu vha South Africa vhala gireme dza funi (10) fhedzi nga duvha. Tsedzuluso dza Oluwatyyoin’s dzodi sendeka kha u dzhenelela kha gepe la fibre, ngau divhadza fibre ubva kha matanga na luvhele uri zwi gayiwe zwikone ulea, iyo fulauri ifhedze I dzheniswe mapfurani iite Gwinya, ginya ibva kha fulauru. Swigiri, madi na isithi. Magwinya ana mapfura manzhi na khabohydireithi nzhi. Nga ngomu lab magwinya usedzuluswa a wanala ana ofura kana o dala oat na matanga o gayiwaho na GI yokaliwaho. Magwinya asina mufumbu ana 80 GI ngeno arena mufumbu ana 56 GI, zwinokho amba uri uengedza mufumbu zwifhungudza GI kha GI khulwane udela vhukati kha GI. Izwi zwido kona uri thgusa uri ri kone uswikelela tshikalo tsha fibre yashu.
About 256 million people worldwide suffer from anxiety and depression. These diseases are often interlinked, with 50 percent of people who suffer from depression also suffering from anxiety. Sufferers take medication for a very long period of time, and they need to find the right medication that works for them and does not cause bad side effects. From 1980 to 2019, 42 percent of new medication or drug leads were developed from natural products. South Africa has 10 percent of global plant diversity and also has rich African tradition knowledge systems and cultures that may hold secrets to help with the mental health pandemic. The plant that Kaylan researches is called Sceletium or ‘kanna’ and ‘kougoed’. It is the most researched medicinal plant for anxiety and depression in South Africa. His research analyses the chemistry of the plant on the computer before going to the lab for testing. By creating the exact replicas of the parts of the brain that control anxiety and depression on the computer, one can analyse which compounds of the plant bind most tightly, which may be toxic and which may have the best effects. By first looking at African traditional medicine, then using a computer to see which compounds may be best to help, the amount of time spent testing compounds in the lab can be reduced. Instead of testing a thousand, we may test only the top five candidates from the results on the computer. Through these methods we will get much needed medications to the frontlines of the global mental health pandemic.
Ku fika ka 256 ya gidi ya magidi ya vanhu misava hinkwao va na enzayethi na ntshikelelo wa miehleketo. Vuvabyi lebyi bya yelana, 50 wa tiphesenti ta vanhu lava nga na ntshikelelo wa miehleketo va vabya hi enzayeni. Vanhu lava va vabyaka va phuza maphilisi lawa ya va tirhelaka ya tlhela ya nga endli leswaku va hlangana hlangana. Ku sukela hi 1980 ku ya fika ka 2019, 42 phesenti ya murhi kumbe maphilisi ya endliwe ku suka eka swikumiwa swa ntumbuluko. Afrika-Dzonga yi na 10 phesenti ya swimilana swo tala misava hinkwayo naswona yi na vutivi bya vukhale bya matirhelo ya Afrika na ndhavuko lowu nga khoma swihundla leswi nga ta pfuna eka vuvabyi bya miehleketo. Ximilana lexi Kaylan axi lavisisaka xi vuriwa Sceletium kumbe ‘kanna’ na ‘kougoed’. I ximilana lexi xi nga lavisisiwa ngopfu xa ku endla murhi wa enzayethi na ntshikelelo wa miehleketo eAfrika-Dzonga. Nlavisiso wa yena wu kambisisa matirhelo ya ximilana lexi eka khompyutha xi nga si yisiwa elebu ku ya kambiwa. Hi ku endla swiyenge swo fana na byongo leswi lawulaka enzayethi na ntshikelelo wa miehleketo eka khompyutha, xin’we xi nga kambisisa leswaku iyini lexi tshikelelaka ngopfu ku suka eka ximilana, hi xini xi nga nghozi, naswona hi xihi lexi nga ta pfuna vanhu. Hi ku languta ka murhi wa xintu wa Afrika ku sungula, kutani utirhisa khompyutha ku kuma leswaku hi swihi leswi nga tirhaka kahle, na nkarhi lowu nga tekiwaka ku kambela murhi lowu wu nga hunguteka. Ematshan’wini yo kambela gidi, hi nga kambela ntsena ntlhanu wa swimilana swa le henhla eka swikumiwa swa khompyutha. Hi maendlelo lawa hi ta kuma murhi wo enela eka ku tshungula vuvabyi bya miehleketo misava hinkwayo.
Ulingana na 256 ya million ya vhathu vhana utshuwa na mutsiko. Haya malwadze ana utumekanya na vhathu vha 50 phesenthe(%) vhane vha tambudzwa nga mutsiko nau tambudzwa ngau tshuwa. Zwipondwa izwi zwidzulela udzhia mishonga tshifhiga tshilapfu, vhadovha uri vhatea uwana mishonga yo fanelaho kha mutakalo wavho ine ai disi manwe malwadze nga thungo. Ubva 1980-2019, 42% ya mishonga na philisi zwo bveledzwa nga miri ya daka. South Africa ina 10% ya zwimelwa kha lifhasi la dovha la pfuma vhutali na mvelole kha dzhango na vhurereli vhune hune ha farekana kuhumbulele kwa mutakalo. Uyo muri kana liluvha le Kaylan a ita tsedzuluso dza hone lini sceletium, kanna na kouged.ndi wone mushonga une wono iteswa tsedzuluso dza hone dza utshuwa na na mutsiko khala Afurika Tshipembe. Tsedzuluso dzawe dzodi sendeka kha chemistry ya zwimela kha khomphuter musi isathuya utolwa lab.
Nelisiwe’s research is working on a solution that helps to detects if a document is fake, through methods that show if there are illegal changes on a document. This is important, for example, for employers who need to verify qualifications. Vital pieces of information on an original document can be selected using coordinates. These coordinates locate text on the document, then a hash function takes in the vital pieces of information and converts these into a single value that cannot be reversed, known as the cryptographic hash. The cryptographic hash is stored in a database to be used later in the verification process to check if the document passes verification or fails. The vital pieces of information are converted into checksum and, along with the coordinates, are stored in the barcode printed on the document. The checksums and the coordinates help to locate exact words that may have been changed in a document and even highlight it.
Vulavisisi bya Nelisiwe byi lava ku tisa xintshuxo lexi nga ta pfuna ku kuma tidhokhumenti ta vuxisi, ku tirhisiwa tindlela to komba leswaku ku nga va ku ri na cinca loku ku ngariki nawini eka tsalwa. Leswi I swa nkoka, xikombiso; eka vathirhi lava va lavaka ku tiyisisa ti dokhumente ta vona. Mahungu ya nkoka eka dokhumente ya ntiyiso ya nga tsavuriwa ku thirhisiwa ti coordinates. Ti coordinates leti ti kuma tsalwa eka dokhumente kutani ti tsavula muhungu ya nkoka ya yisiwa eka ntlawa wun’we leswi swi nga ta ka swi nga tlherisiwi, ku nga cryptographic hash. Cryptographic hash yi hlayisiwa eka databezi ku va yi tirhisiwa eka nkarhi lowu taka loko ku fanele ku kambisisiwa leswaku dokhumente yi le lawini kumbe e-e. mahungu ya nkoka ya hundzuluxiwa ya va ka checksum na ti coordinates, ya hlayisiwa eka khodi yo fungha leyi yi nga ta tsariwa eka dhokhumenti. Ti checksums na ti coordinates ti pfuna ku kuma marito lawa ya nga wona lawa ya nga hundzuluxiwa eka dhokhumenti ti tlhela ti swi humesela erivaleni.
Neliswe u khou ita tsedzuluso dzau todana na thuso ine yanga thusa u wanulusa mabambiri asia vhukuma. Ngakha kushumele kwau sumbedza uri huna vhufhura hoitwaho nah kha mabambiri ayo. Hezwi ndi zwavhuthogwa, tsumbo, sa vhatholi vha tshi khou toda u sedzulusa zwidodombedzwa. Zwinwe zwazwi dodombedzwa kha mabambiri haya zwia kona uvhonala nga manwe maledere. Ayo maledere a tevhelelana na mitala kha bambiri, ngau tavhanya ayo maipfi adzhiiwa aiswa kha vhuthihi lune angasitsha kona uhumiselwa murahu, zwine zwa vhidzwa upfi cryptographic hash. Cryptographic hash I dzhenisiwawa kha databeisi uri I shumiswe uri ivhe itshi khou todolosa uri mabambiri ayo o feila. Mafhungo o nwaliwaho aya todoloswa nadzi nomboro dza hone, zwa dadziwa kha barcode ya nambatedziwaho kha bambiri. Tsedzuluso na dzinomboro zwiita uri rikone uwana maipfi one one ane angavha o shandukiswa kha bambiri adovha a swifhadziwa.
Lake Malawi is shared by three African countries namely; Mozambique, Tanzania and Malawi, and supports the livelihood of more than 1.6 million people. Lake Malawi has the greatest number of freshwater fish species in the world and people travel from all over the world to see them. However, ten percent of the fish species are at risk of extinction, due to pollution, over-fishing and habitat destruction. We need to protect them. Scientists can help by placing cameras underwater in different parts of the lake to monitor the different groups of fish in the water. This helps them find out where each species spends most of their time in the water and enables them to count the numbers of different populations to see how they are changing overtime. This information will show which species need immediate help, and which areas that are most important to them need protecting to help their population recover. It also helps us to create plans to use the lake sustainably so that the fish can be around for years to come and continue supporting the livelihoods they do.
Tiva ra Malawi ri tirhisiwa avelana na mitiko manharhu ya le Afrika ku nga; Mozambique, Tanzania na Malawi naswona ri pfuneta eka swilaveko swa vanhu vo hundza 1.6 ya gidi ya magidi ya vanhu. Tiva ra Malawi ri na tinhlampfi to hambana-hambana misava hinkwayo, vanhu va teka riendzo ku suka eku tindhawu to hambana-hambana misava hinkwayo leswaku va ta vona tona. Kambe, khume ra tiphesenti ta tinhlampfi leti ti le nghozini ya ku ti fa kumbe ku nyamalala hikokwalaho ko tyakisa mati, ku phasiwa ngopfu ka tihlampfi, na ku va ti nga ha tshamisekanga endzeni ka mati. Swi lava hi ti hlayisa. Vanhu va sayense va nga pfuna hi ku chela tikhamera endzeni ka mati eka tindhawu to hambana-hambana ta tiva leswaku va ta vona tinxaka nxaka ya tinhlampfi endzeni ka mati. Leswi swi ta va pfuna ku hlayela tinhlampfi leti kuya hi muxaka wa tona ematini. Leswi swi ta va pfuna ku kuma leswaku ti rhandza ku tshama kwini ematini, va tlhela va kota ku hlayela nhlayo ya tona kuya hi muxaka wa tona leswaku va ta vona leswaku kuna ku cinca ko fika kwini hi ku ya ka nkarhi. Hungu leri ri ta komba leswaku I muxaka wihi wa tinhlapfi wu lavaka ku pfuniwa hi swa xihantla, na leswaku hi tihi ti ndhawu leti ti nga ta nkoka eka tona leswaku ti ta sirheleriwa ku kondza ti vuyelela ematshan’wini. Swi hi pfuna leswaku hi ta kota ku ta na rhengu ro tirhisa tiva leri kahle leswaku tinhlampfi leti titava kona na malembe lawa ya taka ri tlhela ri kota ku ya emahlweni ri pfuneta swilaveko swa vanhu eka leswi va swi endlaka.
Isha la Malawi lo kovhekaniwa na ma dzhango mararu a Afurika; Mozambique, Tanzania na Malawi, la thusedza matshilo avhathu ano fhira 1.6 million ya vhathu. Isha la Malawi lina madi madzhi avhudi ane khovhe dza vhudi lune vhathu vhatobva mashangoni avho vhatshiya uvhona dzone. Huna 10% ya dzikhofhe dzino dzla afho dzine dzi khomboni yaufa nga nthane hau tshikafhala, nau rewa ha khovhe nau vhulawa ha zwifuwo na madaka. Ritea uzwi tsireledza. Vho rasaintsi vhangari thusa ngau vhea dzi khamera ngomu madini fhethu hoyaho ngau fhambana kha isha uri rikone uvhonolosa tshaka dza khovhe dzire madini. Izwi zwithusa khauri vha kone uvhvona uri uri ndi lufhio lushaka lune lwa fhedzesa tshifhinga madini nau thusa uri vha kone u vhala nomboro ya tshakadza dzo fhambanaho uri vha kone u vhona uri dzikho shanduka nga ndilade. Iyi thuso ido kona ushumbedza uri ndi lufhio lugwada lunokho toda thuso ngau tavhanya, na uri ndinga gai hune zwadzulela uvha hone nauri vha kone uzwithusa kha nyaluwo uri I vhuelele. Zwidovha zwathusa uri rikone uita dzi pulane dzau shumisa isha nga ndila yavhudi uitela uri khovhe dzivhe hone lwa minwaha mizhi nau isa phanda u thusha matshilo avhathu.


text:
Lavhelesani, Thetshelesani ni tshile Bugu 4
ПлaH-koHcпekT: Ruth, Samuel, David, Elijah. 24 sections. It has a picture book to go along with the recording.
HoMep TekcTa: 421
Языk: Venda
TeMa: Multiple themes
AyдиTopия: General
CTилb: Monolog
ЖaHp: Bible Stories & Teac
ИзыckaHHocTb: General
Цeлb: Teaching
Библeйckaя циTaTa: Extensive
cTaTyc: Publishable
TekcT пporpaMMы
Tshwikiso
Dzindumeliso Hee dzi khonani! Mudzimu vha funa na u vhavhalela munwe na munwe, hone nga maanda havho vha thetshelesaho na u Mu shumela. Thetshelesani kha zwo iteaho minwaha minzhi minzhi kale sa musi zwo nwaliwa kha Fhungo la Mudzimu, Bivhili na hone ni lavhelese kha tshifanyiso kha bugu ya dzivha la mutada. Musi ni tshi pfa uyo Mubvumo (signal) lavhelesani kha tshifanyiso tshi tsvhelaho.
Tshifanyiso 1: Muta U Shavha Ndala
Ruthe 1:1-5
Mudzimu vho vhumba vhathu, hone vhothe vho mu shandukela. Mudzimu vho nanga vhathu vha Isiraele, u ri vha vha divhe na u vha luvha. Hone na vhathu vho vha Isiraele nga tshinwe tshifhinga, vho shandukela Mudzimu. Vho vho shumela (luvha) Midzimu na Midzimu I sili u fana na dzinwe dzitshaka dzo vha tangaho. Mudzimu vho disa nndwa na ndala kha lushaka lwa Isiraele, vha tshi lingedza u vha humisela khavhone vhane. Nga tshifhinga tsha ndala muta muthihi wo phetha la u tuwa wa ya shangoni la Moaba u toda zwiliwa. Minwaha ya funi yothe vho dzula shangoni li sili. Khotsi o fela henengei. Munwe wa vharwa vhawe o mala musadzi wa Moaba. Hone na vhana vho vho fa. Mme vho sala na vho mazwale fhedzi, kha ilo shango lisili.
Tshifanyiso 2: Naume Na Ruthe Vho Humela Isiraele
Ruthe 1:6-22
Mme wa uyo muta vho vha vha tshi pfi MAUME. Vho mazwale vha vho ndi musi vhe Ruthe na Orepa. Naume o humbula u vhuyelela (kha) Shangoni la Isiraele. Ruthe na Orepa vho fara lwendo vha ya Isiraele. Ndi hone Naume a tshi ri khavho, "Ndi ngani ni tshi fanela u tuwa na nne? Na ndi kha di do kona u vha na vhanwe vhana vhane vha nga vha vhannavhanu? Humelani mahayani a nu vhananga. Ndo no kegulesa u nga vha na munwe munna. Mudzimu vho ntshandukela." Orepa o kuvhatedza Naume a mu khisa a humela hayani ha vhabebi vhawe. Hone Ruthe a nambatela Naume a ri khae, "U songo nyata uri ndi u tutshele. Hune wa ya na nne ndi do ya, hune wa dzula ndi do dzulavho. Vhathu vha hau vha do vha vhathu vhanga, Mudzimu wau u dovha Mudzimu wanga." Ngauralo Ruthe o tuwa na Naume Betlehema shangoni la Isiraele.
Tshifanyiso 3: Ruthe Masimuni a Khano
Ruthe 3:1-18
Musi vho no humela Betlehema, Ruthe o ri kha Naume, "Ndi tshe ndi ye masimuni u tala thalane tsimuni ya munwe na munwe ane matoni awe nda wana a tshi mpfuna." (Naume na Ruthe vho vha vhe vhashai nga maanda). A ya tsimuni ine vhashumi vha khou kana goroi. Mune wa tsimu iyo o vha a tshi pfi Boasi. A vhudzisa vha shumi nga ha u yo musadzi wa mutsinda a re tsimuni.
Munwe wa vho a ri, "Ndi Muabite we a vhuya na Naume kha la Moaba. Boasi o pfa nga he a vha muvhuya kha mazwale wawe. O zwi vhona zwauri ndi mushumi wavhudi. Ngauralo a ri kha Ruthe, "Dzula hafha na vhalanda vha vhasidzana vhanga, lavhelesa tsimu hune vhanna vha shuma hune, u di tevhela nga murahu ha vhasidzana havha. O vha o vhudza vhanna vhane vha khon mushumela uri vha songo mudina, hone vha ite vha tshi sia dzine a do kana. Vhusiku honoho Ruthe a vhudza mazwale wawe Naume nga ha vhulenda ha Boasi. Naume a ri, "Ngavhe Mudzimu vha tshi mufhatutshedza! Ndi ene shaka lashu la tsini."
Tshifanyiso 4: Ruthe Na Boasi Luvhande Ni Lwa Vhufhulelo
Ruthe 3:1-18
Musi munna a tshi fa Isiraele, shaka lawe la tsini lo vha li tshi mala musadzi wawe. (tshilikadzi) Linwe duvha Naume a ri kha Ruthe, Na ndi nga si kone u u todela haya hune wa nga kona u vha vhalelwa hone naa? A ri Boasi ndi shaka lashu. Vhusiku ha namu si u dovha a tshi khou fhula goroi. Zwino tamba u ambare zwiambaro zwau zwavhudi. Huno u ye hune a fhula hone. U lavhelese hune a edela hone, ono farwa nga khofhe, u edele milenzheni yawe. Ruthe a ita zwe Naume a mu vhudza zwone. Musi Boasi a tshi karuwa a tshi wana uri Buthe u milenzheni yawe, a zwi divha zwauri u toda uri a mu male. Ndi hone a tshiri khae, "U songo ofha. Ndi do u itela zwothe zwine wa humbela. Vhanna vhothe vha mudi wanga vha a zwi divha zwauri u musadzi wa mikhwa yavhudi." (Musadzi wa vhudisa)
Tshifanyiso 5: Boasi Na Vhahulwane Vha Betlehema
Ruthe 4:1-22
Boasi a vhidza vhahulwane vha fumi fhethu hu thihi getheni la Betlehema. Munwa wa shaka o vha e na pfanelo dza u thoma u mala Ruthe, huno vhothe vha tendelana zwauri Boasi u fanela u mu mala. U khwathisa mulanga, shaka la nea Boasi thovho dzalo. Haya ndi musi e one maitele lehala Isiraele. Ndi hone Boasi a tshi dzhia Ruthe sa musadzi wawe. Vha vha na nwana a no pfi Obede. Ndi hone vhasadzi vha tshiri kha Naome, "Renda Mudzimu we a si u shaise kuduhulu kwa mutukana a ne a do u thogomela. Nga vhe a tshi vha na vhuimo kha la Isiraele, a tshi khwinisa vhutshilo hau, a u vhavhalele u tshi kekulu. "Ngauri mazwale wau, ane a u funa, na hone ane a vha khwine kha iwe u fhira vhana vha vhatuka vha sumbe vho mu nea mbebo." Dzikhonani, Ruthe o wana dakalo lihulu musi a tshi shumela Mudzimu na vhathu vhawe. Obede o vha ene makhulu wa Davida, khosi khulu ya Isiraele, na hone kha vha duhulu vhawe ho bvelela khosi khulu ya vhothe. Ri do guda nga hawe kha tshifanyiso tshi tevhelaho.
Tshifanyiso 6: Maria Na Muranwa Wa Mudzimu
Luka 1:26-38, 2:1-7
Mirafho minzhi nga murahu ha Ruthe, Mudzimu vho nanga munwe musadzi wa u vha shumela. Dzina lawe ndi Maria. Ndi musi e muduhulu wa Ruthe. Maria o vha e musidzana sidzana. Ndi musi o fulufhedziswa u malwa nga munna a no pfi Yosefa. Hone musi vha sathu u malana, murunwa o bvelela kha Maria. A ri khae, "U songo ofha, Maria. Wo wana u u khathutshelwa nga Mudzimu." "U do beba Murwa ane wa do mu ira dzina la Yesu. U do vha Murwa wa Mudzimu wa Ntha Ntha. Muvhuso wawe wa shangoni na tadulu a u nga fheli. Maria a ri kha Murunwa, "Ndi Mulanda wa Mudzimu Ngavhe zwi tshi vha hone kha nne vhunga wo ambi." Muya Mukhethwa wa Mudzimu wa da kha Maria, na hone a vha muthu wa thovhela, a beba murwa a mu ira dzina la Yeso. Ngauralo Maria a vha mme a Yesu, Murwa wa Mudzimu. Nge Maria a thetshelesa Mudzimu, Mutshidzi Yesu a bebwa nga ene. Musi ri tshi thetshelesa Mudzimu, a nga ita zwithu zwihulu zwi kannkisaho nga rine-vho.
Tshifanyiso 7: Hanna a Tshi Rabela Mudzimu
1 Samuele 1:1-20
Nga murahu ha tshifhinga tsha Ruthe shangoni la Isiraele ho vha na musadzi a no pfi Hanna. Na ene vho o shumela Mudzimu na hone o funa u shumela Mudzimu. Munna wawe o vha a tshi mu funa, hone o vha a songo takala ngauri o vha a sa bebi, a sina nwana. Nwaha munwe na munwe vho vha vha tshi ya nduni ya Mudzimu (fhethe he vha rabela Mudzimu hone) shilo. Vho dzhia zwinekedzwa vha itela Mudzimu zwithavhelo. Hanna o dzhena Nduni ya Mudzimu a ri: "Mudzimu, Arali vha tshi nga nyelelwa vha nnea nwana wa mutukana, huno ndi do mu nekedzela vhone maduvha othe a vhutshilo hawe." Milomo ya we yo vha I tshi sokon munedza musi a tshi amba na Mudzimu, hone o vha a sa buli maipfi nga mulomo wawe. Eli, Tshifhe Muhuhu a mu vhona, humo a humbula uri o kambiwa. Huno Mudzimu vha pfa thabelo ya Hanna, na hone nga tshinwe tshifhinga ho no vha kale a vha na nwana wa mutukana. A mu ira dzina la Samuele. Dzikhonani, Mudzimu ndi khotsi ashu vha ngei tadulu. Arali ri tshi vha funa, ringa kona u vha humbela tshinwe na tshinwe tshine ra toda vha do ri nea. Mudzimu vha a divha zwine vhana vhavho vha zwi toda, na hone vha a kona uvha nea, ha vho mu humbelaho nga Dzina la Yesu, zwifhiwa zwa vhudi.
Tshifanyiso 8: Nwana Samuele Nduni Ya Mudzimu
1 Samuele 1:24-28, 2:12-21, 3:1-21
Musi Samuele a tshee mutukana mutuku, Hanna o mu nea Mudzimu. A mu dzhia a yo tshila na Eli thembeleni ya Shilo. Eli a funza Samuele uri Mudzimu vha shumelwa hani. Eli o vha ena vharwa vhavhili. Ndi musi vhe vho tshifhe hone vho vha vhe vhanna vhavhi. Nga u ralo Mudzimu vha ima u amba na vhathu nga havho vho tshifhe. Nga vhunwe vhusiku Samuele o vha o edela nduni ya Mudzimu. Hu si kale Mudzimu vha mu vhidza nga dzina. Samuele a gidima a ya ha Eli ari, "Ndi fhano, wo mmbidza." Huno Eli a ri, "A thongo u vhidza; tuwa u yo edela." Hezwi zwo itea luraru. Ndi hone Eli a tshi zwi elelwa zwa u ri ndi Mudzimu vha vhidzaho Samuele. Ngauralo a vhudza Samuele ari fhindula Mudzimu uri; "Amba Murena, Mulanda wau o thetshelesa." Mudzimu vho amba na Samuele lunzhi, na hone a vha tshifhe muhulwane, muporofita na muranga phanda wa la Isiraele. Mudzimu vha kha di vhidza vhathu u vha shumela u fana vha tshi vhidza Samuele. Kha ri thetshelese Mudzimu ri ite zwine Ipfi lavho la amba.
Tshifanyiso 9: Samuele U Rabelela Isiraele
1 Samuele 7:2-14; Exodo 20:2,5
Mudzimu vha tarafa vharwa vhavhi vha Eli. Vho vhulawa nndwani na hone Isiraele o kundwa nga vha Filista. Minwaha ino fhira 20 vha Filista vho vhusa shango la Isiraele. Ndi hone Samuele a tshi ri kha vhathu, "Arali ni tshi humela kha Mudzimu nga mbilu dzanu dzothe tutshelani minwe midzimu ni di nekedzele kha Mudzimu ni shumele ene fhedzi, ndi hone a tshi do ni phulusa (kha) zwandani zwa vha Filista."
Vha Isiraele vha thetshelesa Samuele. Vho kuvhangana fhethu huthihi. Samuele o nekedza Mudzimu tshithavhelo, a rabelela Isiraele. Vha Filista vho kuvhanganela u tshotela vha Isiraele. Huno Mudzimu vho rumela muhulu kha vho. Vha Filista vho sha vha nyofho, huno vha Isiraele vho kona u vha kunda. Mudzimu vho vhudza lushaka lunwe na lunwe vha ri "Ndi nne Murena Mudzimu wanu. Ni songo vha na minwe midzimu phanda hanga na hone ni songe I shumela."
Tshifanyiso 10: Samuele U Dodza Saulo Nga Oli
1 Samuele 8:1 - 10:1
Mudzimu vho vha vhe vhone khosi ya ngoho ya Isiraele na Samuele, fhasi ha Mudzimu o endedza vhathu. Ngauri dzinwe dzi tshaka dzo vha dzi na dzi khosi dzadzo, na vha Isiraele na vhone-vho vho toda munna uri a vhe khosi yavho. Samuele ho ngo takala a tshi pfa hezwi. Huno Mudzimu vha ri khae, "Thetshelesa zwothe zwine vhathu vha khon vhudza; a si iwe we vha mu sanda sa khosi yavho, vho sanda nne." Ho vha hu na munwe munna a no pfi Saulo. O vha o lapfa a tshi vhonala e wa vhudi. Linwe duvha Saulo o ya u dalela Samuele. Musi Samuele a tshi vhona a tshi da, Mudzimu vha ri kha Samuele, "Munna uya ndi onoyo. O do vhusa vhathu vhanga." Ngauralo Samuele a mbo dzhia lunanga lwa tsidolo tsha oli, A shela oli kha thoho ya Saulo. Hetshi ndi musi tshi tshone tshiga tsha uri o nangwa u vha khosi. Minwaha ya 40 Saulo o vhusa sa khosi kha la Isiraele.
Tshifanyiso 11: Saulo U Kherula Khanzu Ya Samuele
1 Samuele 15:1-29
Vha Amaleke vho vha vhe vhathu vhavhi nga maanda vhe vha tshinyadza vha Isiraele. Ngauralo Samuele a ri kha khosi Saulo, :Thetshelesa mulaedza une wa bva kha Mudzimu. Tshotela vha Amaleke na hone u vha tshinyadze tshothe, na zwothe zwine zwa vha zwavho. U songo vha vhulunga." Mudzimu vho thusa Saulo na mmbi yawe u kunda vha Amaleke. Hone a vhongo thetshelesa Mudzimu. Vho tshidza zwa vhudi zwa zwifuwo zwa vha Amaleke vha tshi itela u itela Mudzimu tshithavhelo, na hone "vha ngo vhulaha khosi ya vha Amaleke. Ndi hone Samuele a tshi ri kha Saulo, "Nga u wa sanda Ipfi la Mudzimu, Mudzimu na ene o u sanda sa khosi." Samuele a rembuluwa a tuwa, Saulo a mu fara nga khanzu. Ya kherutshela tshanani tshawe. Samuele a ri, "Mudzimu o kherula muvhuso wau kha la Isiraele u bva namusi, a u nea munna a re khwine kha iwe."
Dzikhonani, Saulo o nekedza tshithavhelo Mudzimu, huno ho ngo muthetshelesa. Samuele o thetshelesa a shumela Mudzimu maduvha othe a vhutshilo hawe. Mudzimu vhari ndi khwine u vha thetshelesa u fhirisa u disa zwithavhelo. Mudzimu vho vho ri vha do hulisa munwe na munwe a ne a vha hulisa.
Tshifanyiso 12: Yesu Nduni Ya Mudzimu
Luka 1:35, 2:41-50
Minwaha minzhi nga Murahu ha Samuele, ho vha na nwana kha la Isiraele wa dzina la Yesu. Mme awe o vha e Maria, huno Mudzimu vho vha vhe vhone khotsi Awe. Musi Yesu ena vhukale ha minwaha ya 12, Maria na Yosefa vho ya Yerusalema na Yesu e navho. Vha tshi humela hayani havho, Yesu o sala, ngauralo vho mutoda. Nga murahu ha maduvha mararu, vho wana Yesu Nduni ya Mudzimu, ine ya vha Thembele. O vha a tshi khou amba na vhadededzi vha vha Yuda nga ha Mudzimu. Maria a ri khae, "Murwa, I zwi zwithu wo zwi itela mini? Ro dinalea nga maanda ri eshi lingedza u u toda." Huno Yesu a ri, "Nna a ni zwi divhi zwauri ndi fanela u vha kha zwi re zwa khotsi anga naa? Musi Yesu e mutukana u fana na Samuele, o zwi divha zwauri o dela u shumela Mudzimu. Zwo naka u thoma u shumela Mudzimu musi u tshee mutuku. Yesu o dela u isa vhathu vhothe uri vha humele ha Mudzimu. Ngauri Mudzimu ndi khosi ya ngoho na Muranga phanda wa munwe na munwe.
Tswkiso
Vhanwe vhanna vha hulusa vhe vha vhuya vha tshila ndi vhalanda vha Mudzimu. Heyi theiphi I do vha vhudza zwino tshiphiri tshauri Mudzimu vho vha ita hani vharanga phanda vhahulu vha vhathu. Lavhelesani tshifanyiso tshi tevhelaho musi ni tshi pfa I tshi tshiga.
Tshifanyiso 13: Davida Mulisa Wa Vhuhali
1 Samuele 16:1-13, 17:34-35
Saulo ndi musi e khosi ya u thoma ya Isiraele, hone a di isa phanda na u sa thetshelesa Mudzimu. Mudzimu vho tutshela Saulo vha si tsha muthusa na kathihi. Ho vha hu na munwe mutukana mutuku a no pfi Davida. O vha a tshi lisa zwifuwo (zwa) khotsi awe. O vha a tshi fulufhela Mudzimu a tshilaho na hone o vha a sa ofhi khombo. Linwe duvha ndau yo dzhia inwe ya dzi nngu dza khotsi awe. Davida a vhulaha ndau a tshidza nngu. O ita nyimbo dza u naka a imbela Mudzimu dzi thendo. Dzinyimbo hedzi dzi pfi dziphisalema na hone dzia kona u wanala kha Ipfi la Mudzimu, Bivhili. Davida a vha lushaka lwa munna ane Mudzimu a funa vhanna vhothe vha tshi vha zwone. Saulo o vha a tshi kha di vha khosi ya Isiraele, hone Mudzimu vho vha vho no khetha Davida u ri a vhe khosi vhu imoni ha khosi Saulo.
Tshifanyiso 14: Davida Na Mphogolio
1Samuele 17:1-54, 2:30
Ho vha na nndwa vhukati ha vha Filista na vha Isiraele. Vha Filista vho vha vhe na mphogolio a no pfi Goliata. A halifhela vha Isiraele a tshi ri, "Nangani munna - arali a tshi kona u lwa na u vhulaha nne, rine ri do vha vhalanda vhanu, hone arali nda ni vhulaha, vho inwi ni do vha vhalanda (dziphuli) vhashu (dzashu)." Vhanna vha Isiraele vho vha vha tshi opfa Goliata. Ho vha hu sina muthu ane a nga lwa nae. Ndi hone mutukana mutuku a tshiri, Ndi nnyi uyu Mu Filista a sa divhito Mudzimu ane a kho shushedza mmbi ya Mudzimu a tshilaho. Davida o vha a sa mu ofhi. O vha a tshi zwi divha zwauri Mudzimu a nga kona u mu thusa uri a vhulahe mphogoligo ngauri heyi ndi nndwa ya Mudzimu. Ndi hone Davida a dzhia gatho lawe, a mbo di rva mphogoligo kha thoho. Goliata a mbo di wela fhasi, Davida a mu gidi mela. A mbo di dzhia pfumo la Goliata, a mutumula thoho. Nga u ralo mmbi ya vhaIsiraele yo kona u kunda vha Filista. Mudzimo vho amba kha Ipfi Lavho vha ri ndi do hulisa vhane Mu ofha.
Tshifanyiso 15: Saulo U Lingedza U Vhulaha Davida
1 Samuele 18:1 - 19:10
U thomani Saulo o vha a tshi takalela Davida nge a tshidza Isiraele. O vha liswole lihulu na muranga phanda wa Isiraele na vha Isiraele vho vha vha tshi takalela u mu tevhela.
Huno Saulo o vha na vivho na u ofha Davida. Nga linwe duvha Davida o vha a tshi khon imbela Saulo myimbo dza vhudi nga ha ripa yawe.
Saulo o vha a tshi funa u vhulaha Davida nge muya mivhi wa vha wo kavha khae. Saulo o doba pfumo lawe a li posa kha Davida, huno la mu humpha la thavha kha luvhondo. Nga murahu ha zwenezwo Saulo o lingedza u toda u vhulaha Davida kanzhi na kanzhi. Huno Mudzimu vho tsireledza Davida nga u rumela murwa wa Saulo Jonathani na vha Isiraele vhanzhi u thusa Davida kha maswina awe. Hone Davida o vha a tshi di fanela u shavhela fhethu ha kule u tinya Saulo.
Tshifanyiso 16: Davida U Vhulunga Vhutshilo Ha Saulo
1 Samuele 26:1-25
Saulo na mmbi yawe vho ya u thuba Davida Sogani. Vhunwe vhusiku, musi Saulo na vhathu vhawe vho edela, Davida na khonani yawe Abishai, vha kokovha vha dzhena gambani ya Saulo. Abishai o vha a tshi funa u vhulaha khosi yo edelaho, hone Davida o mu imisa. Davida a ri, "Mudzimu u do halifhela nnyi na nnyi ane a vhaisa khosi yo tou nangiwaho. Davida o dzhia pfumo na tshinwelo nga thungo ha thoho ya Saulo. Musi vho no tuwa gambani Davida a tavha mukosi wa u vusa vhambi, a ri kha Abinere, munna ane a vha na vhudi fhinduleli ha u tsireledza khosi." A wo ngo tsireledza Mune wau. Lavhelesa u mona na iwe. Naa pfumo la khosi li ngafhi na tsinwelo tshe tsha vha tshi tsinig na thoho yawe. Nga murahu ha hezwi Davida o ri kha Saulo, "Sa musi ndo vhulunga vhutshilo hau namusi, nga vhe Mudzimu a tshi vhulunga vhutshilo hanga na hone a a vdzudze kule ha dzi khakhathi dzothe." Nga uralo Davida o tuwa nga ndila yawe na Saulo a humela hayani.
Dzikhonani, vha songo vhuya vha lifhedza havho vhane vha vha khakhela, ngauri Mudzimu vhone vha do tarafa havho zwo vha fanelaho.
Tshifanyiso 17: Davida U Itwa Khosi
1 Samuele 31:1-6; 2 Samuele 5:1 - 7:16
Vha Filista vho da u lwa na vha Isiraele hafhu. Khosi Saulo, Murwa wawe Jonathani na murathu wa Jonathani vho vhulahwa nndwani. Ndi hone vhathu vha tshi vhea Davida u vha khosi ya Isiraele. O fhata pfamo yawe Mudini wa Yerusalema. Mudzimu vho ri kha Davida, "Ndo u dzhia u tshi khou lisa nngu, nda u ita khosi ya vhathu vhanga. Ndi do u ita muhulwane, sa vhanna vha hulwane vha shango. Ngauralo Mudzimu vho ita Davida muhulwane, na hone vha mu nea maanda a u kunda maswina a Isiraele.
Tshifanyiso 18: Davida Na Batseba
2 Samuele 11:1 - 12:20; Exodo 20:14
Linwe duvha Davida o vha a tshi khou tshimbila kha thanga ya pfamo yawe. A vhona mufumakadzi wa lunako a tshi khou tamba. Davida o funa e wawe. Dzina la Mufumakadzi ndi Batseba. O vha e musadzi wa Uria we a vha e liswole la mmbi ya Davida. Uria o vha o bva u yo lwa na maswina a Isiraele. Ndi hone Davida a tshi isa ndaela kha Kaputeni wa mmbi. O vhudza kaputeni zwauri u fanela u ita uri Uria a vhulahwe nndwani. Ndo hone Davida a tshi do dzhia Batseba u ri a vhe musadzi wawe. Hone tshithu tshe Davida a ita a tsho ngo takadza Mudzimu. Mutukana wa u thoma u bebwa nga Davida na Batseba o fa, ndi hone Davida a tshi humbela Mudzimu u ri vha muhangwele tshivhi tsho vhifhaho tshe a ita. Fhungo la Mudzimu li ri, "U songo vha phombwe."
Tshifanyiso 19: Nndu Ya Mudzimu
1 Koronika 22:1-19
Davida o itela Mudzimu tshivhi, hone o funa Mudzimu na hone o vha a tshi funa u mu shumela. O vha a tshi funa u fhata nndu khulu ino pfi thembele, hune vhathu vha do kuvhangana vha tshi luvha Mudzimu.
Huno Mudzimu vho ri, A wo ngo fanela u fhatela Dzina Langa nndu, ngauri wo vhulaha vhathu vhanga. U do vha na nwana ane a do vha munna wa mulalo na u awela. Dzina lawe u do pfi Solomoni. Ndi ene ane a do fhatela Dzina Langa nndu. Ndi do khwathisa khulunoni ya muvhuso wawe kha la Isiraele u swika lini na lini. Davida o lugisa zwithu zwinzhi zwa u fhata nndi ya Mudzimu a sa athu u fa, hone o vha Solomoni we a fhata nndu.
He yo nndu ya Mudzimu yo vha yo naka nga maanda Zwo dzhia minwaha ya sumbe I tshi fhatwa. Vhathu vha Isiraele vho luvha Mudzimu Nduni he yi ya Yerusalema, madana a minwaha, na hone a vho ngo hangwa zwauri Davida o vha e khosi khulu nga maanda.
Tshifanyiso 20: Yesu U Dzhena Yerusalema
Mateo 21:1-11
Henefho u tuwela 1000 murahu ha Davida, Yesu o bebwa. Yesu ndi muduhulu wa khosi Davida. Mme awe o vha e musidzana a no pfi Maria. Khotsi awe ndi Mudzimu Ramaanda othe. Yesu o vha na hone (zwino) ndi mulanda muhulwanesa wa Mudzimu. Ofunza vhathu nga ha Ngoho ya Mudzimu. Oita vhutolo nga maanda a Mudzimu. Saulo na Davida na rine vhathu vha shango ro itela Mudzimu tshivhi. Nga linwe duvha o dzhena Yerusalema namela donngi. Vhathu vho bvela nnda u tanganedza Yesu vha vhidzelela vha ri, "Hosanna Murwa wa Davida!" "Hosanna zwi a mba uri "tsidza". Vho vhidzelela vho vha ri, "Muhulwane a huliswaho ndi ene a daho nga Dzina la Mudzimu." Ngauri vhathu vho zwi vhona zwauri Yesu ndi muhulwane u fhira Davida. Ndi Khosi ntha ha dzikhosi dzothe.
Tshifanyiso 21: Mahunguvhu a Fusha Eliya
1 Dzikhosi 17:1-6
Nga murahu ha Davida na Solomoni dzinwe dzikhosi dzo vhusa kha la Isiraele. Munwe o vha e munna a no pfi Ahaba. O vha e na musadzi muvhi a no pfi Yesebele. O vhulaha vha tevheli vhanzhi vha Mudzimu, na hone o kombetshedza vhathu u rabela midzimu I sili ya Baali (mudzimu a si wa ngoho). Elia o vha e muporofita muhulu wa Mudzimu. O ya ha Ahaba ari, "Sa musi Mudzimu, wa Isiraele ane nda mu shumela a tshi tshila, a hu nga vhi na nwando kana mvula kha minwaha isi gathi I daho, arali hu si nga ipfi langa."
Ngauralo Mudzimu vho rumela ndala khulu shangoni la Isiraele. Huno naho zwo ralo, Mudzimu vho di dzula vha tshi vhavhalela mulanda wa vho Elia. Vho rumela Elia fhethu hune ha pfi Kiriti, he a vha a tshi kona u nwa kudamboni, matsheloni na madekwana manwe na manwe mahunguvhu o mudisela vhuswa na nama uri Elia a le. Mudzimu zwifhinga zwothe vha vhalela vhalanda vha vho, ngauralo kha ri mushumele ri mufulufhele ngauri u a ri thogomela.
Tshifanyiso 22: Elia Na Mulilo Wa Mudzimu
1 Dzikhosi 18:16-46
Nga nwaho wa vhuraru wa ndala, Elia o vhudza Ahaba uri a vhidze vhathu vhothe vha Isiraele na vha porofita vhane vha shumela midzimu isi tshithu ya Baali, uri vha de thavhani ya Karamele. O ri kha vho, "Arali Mudzimu vhe Mudzimu, mutevheleni. Huno arali Baali e Mudzimu Mutevheleni. Hu sa vhe na we a fhindula." Elia ari kha munwe na munwe, ri waneleni mboho mbili. Litshani vhaporofita vha Baali vha nange mboho nthihi ya tshithavhelo. Hone vha songo tou funga mutilo kha tsho. Nne ndi do lugisa inwe mboho, hone a hu nga fungwi mulilo khayo. Huno vho inwi ni vhidzelele mudzimu wanu na nne vho ndi do vhidzelela Dzina la Mudzimu wanga. Elia o vha a tshi khou amba vhumba, Mudzimu ane a ita zwe a amba. Elia ari Mudzimu ane a fhindula nga mulilo ndi Ene Mudzimu. Vhathu vha tendelana na Elia. Duvha lothe vhaporofita vha Baali vha vhidzelela mudzimu wa vho. Vha tshina vha tshi mona na tshithavhelo tsha vho, vha di tshetshekanya nga mifhanga. Hone hu sivhe na Mulilo. Nga madekwana Elia o lugisa tshithavhelo tshawe. O humbela vhathu uri vha shele madi kha tshithavhelo na kha dzikhuni. Ndi hone a tshi rafela Mudzimu. Nga u tavhanya ho wa mulilo u tshi bva tadulu wa wela kha tshithavhelo tsha Elia. Wa fhisa tshithavhelo na madi. Ndi hone vhathu vhothe vha tshi vhidzelela vha ri, "Mudzimu uyo ndi Mudzimu!"
Tshifanyiso 23: Elia a Tshi Ya Tadulu
1 Dzikhosi 19:1-21; 2 Dzikhosi 2:1-14
Elia o vhulaha vho tshifhi vha Baali, ngauri vho vha vhe vhavhi. Ndi hone musadzi wa Ahaba a tshi ofhisa nga u toda u vhulaha Elia. O vha a tshi ofha, ngauralo o shavhela fhethu ha kule sogani. Henengei Mudzimu vho tangana na Elia. Nga murahu ha musi Mudzimu vho no amba na Elia, Elia ho ngo tsha ofha. O isa phanda na u funza vhathu u rabela Mudzimu a re Mudzimu wa ngoho. Nga ndela ya Mudzimu Elisa o vha muthusi wa Elia. Nga linwe duvha vha tshi khou tshimbila vhothe. gole la Mulilo la vha fhandekanya nga vhukati Mudzimu vho dzhia Elia vha mu isa tadulu nga tshi dumbu mukwe. Elisa a si tsha mu vhone.
Tshifanyiso 24: Elia Na Mushe Na Yesu
Luka 9:28-36
700 ya minwaho nga murahu ha Elia, musi Yesu o tshila shangoni, Yesu o dzhia vhararu vha vha funziwa vhawe a gonya thavhani u yo rabela. Musi Yesu a tshi khou rabela, Mushe na Elia vho bvelela. Vhafunziwa vhararu vho vha vhona (Yesu, Mushe, Elia) vha tshi penya nga vhugala ha Mudzimu(tshedza). Mudzimu nga vhothe vho amba zwi tshi bva tadulu. Vha ri, "Hoyu ndi Murwa wanga we nda munanga Muthetshelesa."
Dzikhonani, Mudzimu na vhanna vhahulwane vhothe vha Isiraele vha ri sumba kha Yesu. Yesu o da kha heli shango, ofa sa tshithavhelo a tshi fela zwivhi zwashu na zwivhi zwa vhathu vhothe vha zwifhinga zwothe, ngauri Mudzimu vha funa u tsidza vhathu vhothe nga Murwa Wavho Yesu. Yesu ndi Mutshidzi washu we Mudzimu vha mu vusa vhafuni. Huno ndi Mudzimu vhe vhothe vha nea vhutshilo vhu sa fheli kha havho vhane vha thetshelesa ipfi la vho, kha vha fulufhele vhone, vha vha thetshelese. Ngauralo kha vha thetshelese vha wane vhutshilo vhusa fheli kha vho.