text:
Umbuso weSwatini
Umbuso weSwatini (kaNgwane, eSwatini), live lesiseningizimu nelivekati lase Afrika. Live lakaNgwane lincane ngebubanti, kantsi likakwe live lase Ningizimu Afrika enyakatfo, ngentansi, nangasenshonalanga. Emphumalanga likakwe live laseMozambique. Bukhulu belive lakaNgwane litinkhulungwane letilishumi nesikhombisa, emakhulu lamatsatfu, emashumi lasitfupha nalamane ema km2 (17,364). Noma lingalikhulu kangako, lelive lihluka ngetigaba letine tekwakheka kwemhlaba. Leti tatiwa ngekutsi yinkhangala, lihlandze, tintsaba telubombo, kanye nenkhabave.
Live laseSwatini libitwa ngaleligama, ngenca yeNgwenyama Mswati II lobekalibusa lelive kusukela nga 1840 kuze kube ngu 1868. Ekubuseni kwakhe, lelive walincoba, wabuye walihlanganisa. Njengalamanye emave aseAfrika, live lakaNgwane labuswa ngulabamhlophe. Kwatsi nasekwendlule impi yemaBhunu nemaNgisi eNingizimu Afrika, live laseSwatini labuswa ngemaNgisi kwaze kwaba ngu 1968. Emvakwaloko, labese litfola inkhululeko. Lamuhla live lakaNgwane linebukhosi, liphetfwe yiNgwenyama Mswati III kanye neNdlovukati Ntfombi Tfwala. Hulumende welive ubukwe ngundvuna nkhulu lobekwa Silo. Inhlokodolobha yakaNgwane kuseMbabane, kantsi sigodlo nephalamende yelive kukaLobamba. Lidolobha lelikhulu kukaManzini.
Kwetemnotfo, laseSwatini libonywa lilive lelisatfutfuka. Nakubukwa umnotfo wemuntfu amunye lawutfola emnyake, kubalwa imali lenganga $6,367. Liyatimbandzakanya nalamanye emave eticuketfweni letinjenge Southern African Customs Union(SACU) kanye neCOMESA. Liyaye litsengiselane tintfo letinyenti nemave lanjenge Melika, emave lase Europe, kwanye neNingizimu Afrika. Empeleni, nemali yakaNgwane, lilangeni limisane kanye nemali yaseNingizimu Afrika, liRandi.
Bantfu bakaNgwane, linengi labo ngeMaswati, kubuye kube nalabambalwa labaphunga ngaphandle. Bantfu eveni lakaNgwane babalelwa esigidzini sinye, tinkhulungwane letingemashumi nelushiyagalombili, emakhulu lamane, emashumi lamane kanye nemfica (1,018,449), inombolo leyatsatfwa esibalweni semnyaka wa 2009.
Lokucuketfwe
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Live lakaNgwane kusukela endvulo belinebantfu labebahlale kulo. Loku kubonakaliswa yimidvwebo lemidzala, isolelwa kutsi yentiwa ngeminyaka yabo 25,000 BC. Lemidvwebo lesematjeni itfolakala etindzaweni letehlukahlukene eveni.
Bantfu lebebahlala kulelive endvulo bekungema Khoisan, lebatiwa kutsi batingeli. Kwatsi ngemuva kwesikhatsi lesidze, labatingeli basuswa nguletinye tive letichamuka ngenhla, etindzaweni letinjengabo Tanzania nabo Kenya lamuhla. Labantfu laba bekubeNguni nebaSutfu, kutsiwa bangena kulelive ngemnyaka wa 400 AD. EmaSwati lebekwatiwa ngekutsi bakaNgwane, bachamuka le kaTembe, bangena kulelive ngeminyaka yabo 1700. Labantfu bakaNgwane bebaholwa nguNgwane wesitsatfu nabafika eShiselweni. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1815, inkhosi Somhlolo yatsatsa bukhosi. Ngalesi sikhatsi bekunebuvunguvungu eveni, ngenca yetimphi nebakaNdwandwe. Kwatsi kulesikhatsi, Somhlolo wasuka eShiselweni wabese wakha sigodlo sakhe kaZombodze losenkhabave. Ngaleyondlela, wakhona kutsi ativikele ekuhlaselweni tive temaZulu netive takaNdwandwe.
Live lakaNgwane lamuhla latiwa ngekutsi kuseSwatini. Loku kungenca yenkhosi Mswati wesibili, lobekabusa lelive kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1840 kuze kube ngu 1868. Mswati bekatiwa njengenkhosi lebeyilwa timphi letinengi. Ngaphansi kwakhe, live laseSwatini landza labuya lahlangana laba munye. LamaSwati emdzabu leta nemakhosi akaDlamini, aba mdzibi munye nemaSwati lakhandvwa kulelive, lekwatiwa kutsi ngemakhandzambili, kanye nemaSwati lafika ngemuva.
Kufika kwalabamhlophe evenikati leningizimu Afrika, kwalitsintsa live lakaNgwane, nebantfu balo. EmaNgisi akuhlonipha kutiphatsa kwemaSwati ngemnyaka wa 1881, ngesikhatsi letinye tive temaAfrika betincotjwa ngalapha nangalapha. Loku kutiphatsa kwabuye kwagcizelelwa ngemnyaka wa 1884 emkhatsisini wemaSwati, emaNgisi, kanye nemaBhunu. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1894, live lakaNgwane labekwa ngephansi kwelive lemaBhunu, kwodvwa abazange babe nahulumende lophelele. Loku kwagcina ngemnyaka wa 1899 lapho khona kwabhoboka imphi emkhatsisini wemaNgisi nemaBhunu. Naseyengcile lenamphi, nemaNgisi sekancobile, live lakaNgwane laba ngephansi kwemaNgisi kusukela nga 1903 kuze kube ngu 1968, nalitfola inkhululeko.
Kwatsi live lakaNgwane selitfole inkhululeko, laba nahulumende loholwa yinkhosi yelive Sobhuza wesibili, asekelwa yiphalamende. Lena phalamende beyikhetfwa elukhatfweni lebelubanjwa njalo emvakweminyaka lesihlanu. loku kwachubeka kwaze kwafika umnyaka wa 1973 lapho silo sawucitsa umtsetfo sisekelo, sabusa sodvwa. Kwaze kwaba ngu 1978 lapho khona kwaba nelukhetfo lobelusebentisa indlela lensha yetinkhundla. Inkhosi Sobhuza yakhotsama ngemnyaka wa 1982. Kwatsi ngekukhotsama kwembube, indlovukati Dzeliwe yabese iyabusa imele kutsi kufike sikhatsi sekukhetfwa nebubekwa kwenkhosi lensha. Lokubusa kwaDzeliwe kwaba kufisha ngenca yemphikisano lebeyenteka ebandleni leliphakeme, lelatiwa ngekutsi liqoqo. Leli libandla beliholwa ngumntfwanenkhosi Sozisa. Dzeliwe wakhweshiswa esihlalweni, kwabekwa inkhosikati laTfwala. Makhosetive, lebekungumntfwana loyedvwa walaTfwala, wabese utsatsa bukhosi nga 1986. Nakatsatsa bukhosi wabese watiwa ngekhutsi nguMswati wesitsatfu (Mswati III).
Mayelana neSwatini[hlela | edit source]
- Siga sesive :Siyinqaba.
- Lihubo lesive: Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati.
- Inhlokodolobha:
- Linani leBantfu eMbabane: 70.000 (2003).
- 26°19' S 31°8' E.
- Bomakhelwane: iMozambikhi, IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika.
- Tilwimi letisemtsetfweni:
- INgwenyama: Mswati III.
- Indovuzaki: Ntfombi.
- Mengamli: Themba Dlamini.
- 17.363 Km2.
- Linani leBantfu: 1.104.343 (2001).
- 65 bantfu/km2.
- PIB: 5.646.000.000 USD (2005).
- Lilangeni.
- Likhodi Le-inthanethi: ".sz".
Lihubo lesive[hlela | edit source]
- Nkulunkulu, mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati,
- Síyatibonga tonkhe tinhlanhla;
- Sibonga iNgwenyama yetfu,
- Live, netintsaba, nemifula.
- Busisa tiphatsimandla takaNgwane;
- Nguwe wedvwa Somandla wetfu.
- Sinike kuhlakanipha lokungenabucili;
- Simise, usicinise, Simakadze.
Tifundza takaNgwane[hlela | edit source]
ISwatini inetifundza letine: Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni. Batehlukanisa ngetinkhundla (55), batehlukanisa ngemiphakatsi.
Emadolôbha[hlela | edit source]
Bantfu (2005):
- Lobamba (ngwenyama): 4.557.
- ÉMbábáne: 70.000 (2003).
- Manzini: 73.000 (2003).
- Nhlangano: 9.016.
- Siteki: 6.152.
- Big Bend: 10.342.
- Malkerns: 9.724.
- Mhlume: 8.652.
- Hluti: 6.763.
- Simunye: 6.512.
- Pigg's Peak: 5.750.
- Ngomane: 4.511.
EmaSwati[hlela | edit source]
Tilwimi[hlela | edit source]
Kune tilwimi:
- siSwati (letisemtsetfweni).
- síNgísi (letisemtsetfweni).
- síZulu. kúkhulúma: 76.000 bantfu.
- síTsonga. kúkhulúma: 19.000 bantfu.
Lilangeni[hlela | edit source]
- 1 Lilangeni = 100 Cents.
- Cents: 1c, 2c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, 100c.
- Emalangeni: 1L, 2E, 5E, 10E, 20E, 50E, 100E, 200E.
- ISO: SZL.
- 1 Euro = 7,05 SZL (2007).
- 1 USD = 9,54 SZL (2007).
Kufuna[hlela | edit source]
Kubopha[hlela | edit source]
- Umbuso weSwatini iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- CIA: Umbuso weSwatini (síNgísi),
- Sawubona Umbuso weSwatini (síNgísi).
- Umbuso weSwatini (news) (síNgísi).
- Umbuso weSwatini iwebhusayithi (news) (síNgísi).
- Youngheroes: Umbuso weSwatini & AIDS.


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SíZulu
SíZulu. Lolu lulwimi lolukhulunywa kaZulu eningizimu nakaNgwane, bantfu labakhuluma lolulwimi babitwa ngemaZulu. Loku kususelwa esibongweni lesibusako sakaZulu.
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Kadzeni Zulu bekusive lesincane lesingenawo nemandla, ngephasi kwaSenzangakhona Zulu abecinelwa tive letifana naboButhelezi labebabuswa nguPhungashe, boMchunu labebabuswa nguMacingwane naletinye tive. Ngalesikhatsi bakaZulu bebabuswa sive sakaMtsetfwa ngephasi kwaDingiswayo.
Emlandvweni wemaZulu angeke sewuhlale ungahlangani neligama lashaka. Shaka utalwa yinkhosi Senzangakhona kuNandi. Nawufuna kwati ngashaka mcalate khona lapha ngoba lapha sikha etulu. Shaka-ke wesakha sive sakaZulu saba sive lesikhulu,lesinemandla nalesesatjwako kuleli letfu. Manyenti emakhosi lalandzele shaka.
Kubhalwa kwesizulu kwacala ngaso sikhatsi saShaka nakufika baDzeshi. Ngeminyaka yabo 1920 kwvela babhali labansundvu labatfutfukisa sizulu ngendlela lesimanga.kubo kubalwa boA.W.Vilakazi, Sibusiso Nyembezi kanye nalabanye. Kusukela lapho siZulu sikhicite babhali labakhonako kusebentisa siZulu emibhalweni yabo. SiZulu sesinayo nemdlalo yamabonakhashane ledvumile njengabohlala kwabafileyao.
Imisindvo[hlela | edit source]
EmaZulu yalucinisa lulwimi nakhulumako futsi anaboNgwacabatfwa labanyenti kwengca siSwati.

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SiSwati
siSwati (Isiswazi, Phuthi, Siswati, Siswazi, Swati, Swazi, Tekela, Tekeza, Thithiza, Yeyeza), lulwimi, lwemndeni wetilwimi tesi Nguni.
Lokucuketfwe
Emave lapho siSwati sisemtsetfweni khona[hlela | edit source]
khulunywa kwesiSwati[hlela | edit source]
1.706.924 bantfu labakhulúma siSwati:
- 1.013.193 baseNingizimu afrikha (1996).
- 650.000 baseSwatini (1993).
- 43.000 baseLusutfu (2002).
- 731 basMozambikhi (1980).
Kwakheka kwesiSwati[hlela | edit source]
Babhali nabahlahlela siSwati basehlukanisa ngalendlela:
- Luhlelo
Luhlelo lumayelana nekwakhiwa kwemisho kanye nemabito esiSwati.lapha kubukwaTingcetu tenkhulumo kanye nemitsetfo yato kute tente umusho lohlelekile wesiSwati.
- Imibhalo
Lapha kubukwa siSwati lesibhaliwe njengetinkondlo,tindzaba letimfishane, emanoveli, ema-Eseyikanye nemidlaloleyalhukene njengeyaseS'teji neyabomabonakhashane. Lokunye lokubukwako yindlela yekubhala lehlelekile nekusebentisa lulwimi lolungilo njengemabito enhlonipho kanye newemdzabu.
- Kusetjtentiswa kwelulwimi
Lesigaba ngiso lesinotsisa siSwati lapha kubukwa indleal lelungile yekusebentisa siSwati.
ISO[hlela | edit source]
- ISO 639-1: ss.
- ISO 639-2: ssw.
- ISO 639-3: ssw.
Kúfúna[hlela | edit source]
Kúbópha[hlela | edit source]
- siSwati Ethnologue iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- siSwati PanAfrican L10n iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- siSwati - síNgísi síchazamagâma.


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Nathi Mthethwa
Emmanuel Nkosinathi (Nathi) Mthethwa (watalwa 23 Bhimbidvwane 1967 KwaZulu-Natal) ngu sopolitiki wase Ningizimu Afrika lovela endzaweni ya Kwa Mbonambi, KwaZulu-Natal [1] uphindze abe lilunga le ANC. Bekangusosiswebhu wavelonke embutfweni we ANC[2]. Ngemuva kwekutsiThabo Mbeki ayekele esikhundleni sakhe sebungameli Mthethwa wabese uba ngundvunankulu wetekuphepha netenhlalakahle mhlaka 25 Lweti 2008, lokuhlala kwakhe kulesikhundla kwenteka ngalesikhatsi kubusa mongameli wesikhashana e Ningizimu Afrika President Kgalema Motlanthe's. Nyalo ungundvunankulu wemaPhoyisa.[3][4]


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KaZulu
KaZulu, sifundza yeiNingizimu Afrika.
Lokucuketfwe
siFundza saKaZulu[hlela | edit source]
siFundza lesiselugwini lolusemphumalanga neNingizimu Afrikha lesingumakhelwane weMpumalanga enyakatfo, ilisutfu enshonalanga, imphumalanga Koloni eningizimu kanye nelwandle enmphumalanga.
umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Bantfu bekucala kufika kaZulu batfwa.loku kubonakala etintsabeni nasemitsandzeni takulesifundza mbamba mbamba etintsabeni telukhahlamba.batfwa laba bebasive lesingahlali ndzawonye,indzawo labahlala kuyo bekuba yindzawo lenetinyamatane ngoba phela bebangafuyi kepha baphila ngekutingela kanye nangetitselo nemakhambi kwesiganga.indzawo bebahlala kuyo batfwa kusemtsandzeni.
ngelikhulunyaka lelishumi nemfica kwacala kuchamuka tivana tebenguni lebetilichamukisa enyakatfo ne-Afrika.letive leti betifuya tilima takha imiti lemikhulu tinemakhosi tinetindvuna kanye nemabutfo.loko batfwa bekuyinfto bebangayenti baphoceleka kutsi babaleke bashiyele inkhundla letive . lapha kulendzawo letive tehlukana tendlaleka kulolonkhe lelive kwabe sekuchamuka tibongo letinyenti ,sibongo nesibongo besinenkhosi yaso nati letinye tato :Zulu,Mchunu,Buthelezi,Zungu,Khumalo,Qwabe,Ndwandwe njlnjl. letive betihletisene kahle titsatsana lapho nalapho kube nekucabana kusuke imphi. Kopha-ke umlandvo walesivundza ucala kugcama kakhulu ngelikhilinyaka lelishumi nesiphohlongo lapho sive sakaZulu besibuswa nguSenzangakhona,ngephasi kwesive sebakaMtsetfwa lebesibuswa nguDzingiswako.ngaleso sikhatsi letinye tive betitinkhulu bekusive semaNdwandwe sibuswa nguZidze,nesive sakaCwabe sibuswa nguPhakatfwako kantsi futsi sive sakaMchunu nesive sakaButhelezi betitive betingatinkhulu kepha titimele .
KaZulu kwatsi nakukhotsama Senzangakhona kwangena Shaka angena ngenkhani elekelelwa nguDzingiswako emva kwekubulala Sigujanalobesatsatse bukhosi. Shaka wacala indlela lensha yekulwa wahlasela tivana wakhulisa umbuso wakaZulu lobumncane wedzelelekile futsi.Tinkhe letive Shaka watibumba taba sive sinye nge phasi kwesive semaZulu.Emva kwekubulawa kwakhe Shaka kwalandzela Dingane lowabulala Piet Retief kanye nalamanye emabhunu waphindza wahlasela inkambu yawo. umbuso wemaZulu wachekeka ekhatsi ngesikhatsi Mpandze abalekela emabhunwini kepha wabuya waba munye ngesikhatsi Deingane ehlulwa emphini yaseMaqongqo mpandze wase ube yinkhosi yakaZulu.nakhotsama mpandze kwalandzela Cetjwako lowelhulwa ngemaNgisi emphini yase sandlwane lase litsatfwa lonkhe live lidzatjula tigodzi letinkhulu Cetjwako wanikwa emalungelo lalingana nalankha alamanye emakhosi.kepha bantfu labanyenti bebasolo bati kwekutsi lusendvo lwaZulu ngulona lubusa tonkhe letigodzi naku phela nga-1905 Bambatsa afuna sibusiso saDinuzulu nakatawuphendvukela emangisi ngendzaba yentsela.
Nga-1910 nakuhlangna live kwentiwa inyonyana yaseningizimu afrikha lesifundza saba yincenye yelive .ekmlandvweni sikhicite baholi nemachawe lamanyenti njengabo langalibalele dube,t.j jabavu nenkhosi Albert luthuli.
boMasipala[hlela | edit source]
- eThekwini
- Amajuba
- Zululand
- Umkhanyakude
- uThungulu
- Umzinyathi
- Uthukela
- Umgungundlovu
- iLembe
- Ugu
- Sisonke
emaDolobha[hlela | edit source]
Kúfúna[hlela | edit source]
Kúbópha[hlela | edit source]
- (síNgísi) [1].
- (síNgísi) KaZulu iwebhusayithi.


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Alfred Bitini Xuma
Alfred Bitini Xuma OLG, watiwa nga AB Xuma Watalwa Mhlaka 27 MbiMbhidvwane 1893 endzaweni yase Transkai wasishiya emhlabeni mhlaka 27 Kumbhindvwane 1962 bekangumholi we African National Cogress(ANC) Kusukela nga 1940 kuya ku 1949. Bekalilunga Le African American eyatholwa Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.
Impilo Ya AB Xuma[hlela | edit source]
AB Xuma bekatiwa njengomholi Lonesandla lesicinile ikakhulu kati kulabasha. Wacwayiswa ngilabesebetisana naye kutsi Lesandla Sakhe lesicinile sitamuyisela ekwehleni kwemubuso wakhe. Gemunyaka Ka 1942 I ANC yacala lecembu lalabasha lelibitwa nge kutsi IYouth League.
Lijaha Nelson Mandela Bengulamunye lobekacucutela Kwakhiwa kwalehlangano Kanye, Walter Sisulu, Mbatha William N.


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Buciko
Buciko (siNgisi: arts). Buciko siphiwo sekwenta info letsite. Buciko buyasetjentiswa umuntfu nabonisa indlela lativa ngayo nobe aveta imibono yakhe ngesimo lesitsite. Belhukaniswa kanyenti-ke buciko.
Lokucuketfwe
Buciko bekudvweba (visual arts)[hlela | edit source]
Lapha umuntfu uhlanganisa imibala leyahlukene kukhipha lentfo layifunako, sib: kulhanganiswa kwabopende kukhipha bantfu, tilwane tilhahla naletinye tintfo.
Buciko bekubata/kubumba/nekweluka (sculpture)[hlela | edit source]
Kubata kwakha tintfo ngetihlahla, lubumba, ematje naletinye tintfo.
Buciko lobubhalwako (literature)[hlela | edit source]
Buciko lobubhalwako behlukaniswe kanyenti, kepha inhloso yabo kufundzisa, kuchitsisa situnge, kulondvolota kanye nekuvakalisa indlela umbhali lativa ngayo. Bona behlukaniswa ngalendlela:
- Bunkondlo lobubhalwako (written poetry).
- Inoveli (novel).
- Indzaba lemfisha (short story).
- I-eseyi (essay).
- Umdlalo (drama).
Buciko lobetfulwako (perfoming arts)[hlela | edit source]
Loluhlobo ngulo lolwenabeke nalolwatiwa kwedlula tonkhe, phela lona aludzingi tintfo letinyenti kute luchubeke.
Buciko bekuvunula (fashion)[hlela | edit source]
Lapha sisuke sichaza buhle ngendlela lesibubona ngayo.


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Mswati III
Mswati III yiNgwenyama yeMbuso wakaNgwane (25 Mabasa 1986). Ingwenyama Mswati yatalwa yatiwa ngekutsi ngumntfwanenkhosi Makhosetive esibhedlela sase RFM kaManzini. Wakhulela emtini webukhosi Etjeni madvutane naseMasundvwini. Babe weNgwenyama bekuyiNkhosi Sobhuza II, kantsi make wakhe bekuyinkhosikati laTfwala. Imbube yemhlaba yacala imfundvo yayo esikolweni saseMasunvwini, emuva kwaloko safundza emtini webukhosi kaLozitha. Mswati wabese uwela tilwandle wayowufundza eNgilandi esikolweni sase Sherborne e Dorset eningizimu yelive. Watsi nakabuya nga 1986 wabutsatsa bukhosi watiwa ngekutsi nguMswati wesitsatfu.
Lokucuketfwe
kukhula[hlela | edit source]
Makhosetive watalwa yiNkhosikati laTfwala nenkhosi Sobhuza II mhla tilishumi nemfica enyangeni yaMabasa ngemnyaka wa-1968. Makhosetive wakhulela eTjeni lobekungumuti wenkhosi sobhuza II wase ungena esikolweni sasemaSundvwini kwatsi ngemuva kwaloko, wafundza esikolweni sasebukhosini kaLozitha. Kutsite nakufika sikhatsi sekutsi angene esikolweni semabanga lasetulu, Makhosetive wawela tilwandle wayofundza eNgilandi esikolweni saseSherborne edolobheni laseDorset.
Bukhosi[hlela | edit source]
Ngemnyaka wa-1982 ingwenyama Sobhuza II yakhotsama, Makhosetive wakhetfwa ke kutsi abe yindlalifa yeyise nga-1983. Ngaleso sikhatsi abeneminyaka lelishumi nakune. Nga-1983 wabese uyatfulwa esiveni Ngenyanga yeNyoni. Mhla tingemashumi lamabili nesihlanu kumabasa nga-1986 Makhosetive wabekwa waba yiNgwenyama yemaSwati wabe asanikwa libito laMswati wesitsatfu.
Emakhosikati[hlela | edit source]
Alishumi nesitsatfu:
- Inkhosikati LaMatsebula.
- Inkhosikati LaMotsa.
- Inkhosikati LaMbikiza (1986): Sibonelo Mngomezulu (16 íNhlaba 1969).
- Inkhosikati LaNgangaza: Carol Dlamini.
- Inkhosikati LaHwala: Putsoana Hwala (1974).
- Inkhosikati LaMagwaza: Delisa Magwaza (1974).
- Inkhosikati LaMasango (íNgci 2000): Senteni Masango (1981).
- Inkhosikati LaGija (íNkhwekhwéti 2002): Angel Dlamini.
- Inkhosikati LaMagongo (íNhlaba 2002): Nontsetselo Magongo.
- Inkhosikati LaMahlangu (Lídvúba 2002): Zena Soraya Mahlangu (1984).
- Inkhosikati LaNtentesa (26 íNkhwekhwéti 2005): Noliqhwa Ayanda Ntentesa (1981).
- Inkhosikati LaDube (11 íNhlaba 2005): Nothando Dube.
- Inkhosikati LaNkambule (14 Mábasa 2007): Phindile Nkambule.
Emaphovela[hlela | edit source]
Matsatfu:
- Colile Nosipho Magagula, Bhimbídvwane 2007.
- Sindiswa Dlamini, íNyoni 2013.
Bantfwana[hlela | edit source]
Bangemashumi lamabili nelisontfo bantfwana.
Tinsolo[hlela | edit source]
Mswati uletse tingucuko kupolitiki nasembusweni weSwatini kodvwa tingcapheli netinhlangano letifana ne People's United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO)[1] tikholewa kutsi letingucuko tekucinisa bukhosi bakhe kutsi abukeke kahle esiveni semaswati.[2] Kuya kwakhe emcimbini wendlovukati yemangisi lebeyatiwa ngekutsi i Diamond Jubilee yenta labanyenti bambuka ngeliso lelimbi impela ngenca yesimo sekuhlukunyetwa kwemalungelo ebantfu esiveni sakhe.[3]
Ingcebo yakhe[hlela | edit source]
betindzaba bamsola kakhulu Mswati ngendlela anjinge ngayo nangendlela asebentisa ngayo timali tembuso.[4] Loku kulandzela kutsi atsenge timoto teluhlobo leluphambili impela letibita ngetulu kwa $500,000 loku kufaka phakatsi nalemoto leyatiwa ngekutsi i Maybach yaka DaimlerChrysler ledvume ngekugitjelwa tingamula kuphela , tonke timoto takhe teluhlobo loluphambili tibalelwa ku 62 , loku kwente kutsi akwente kube semtsetfweni kuboshwa kwebantfu labatsatsa titfombe tetimoto takhe.[5] Ngekuya ngebakwa Forbes emnyakeni wa 2009 Mswati bekabalewa kutsi enamali lengu $200 emadola aseMelika lokumenta kutsi abewelishumi nesihlanu eluhlwini lwetinkosi letinjinge impela imhlabeni.[6] [7] NgaBhimbidvwane 2004 liphephandzaba le Times of Swaziland labika kutsi Inkosi icele umbuso kutsi ukhiphe tigidzi letingu $15 wemadola aseMelika ekuhlobiseni tigodlo takhe letintsatfu lapho kuhlala khona letinye tetindlovukati takhe letilishumi nakunye.[8] Ndvunankulu weSwatini wabese wenta sitatimende kutsi lendzaba kuleliphepha ayakhi futsi ingemanga laluhlata , wabese uyangeta watsi lemali lecelwe silo yekwakha tindlu tetinsita tesive letisihlanu hhayi tigodlo tebukhosi katsi futsi nalemali lebalwa nguleliphephandzaba ingemanga. Kutse ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ngaloyomnyaka takhiwa tindlu tetinsita sive letabita tigidzi letine.[9]
Emareferensi[hlela | edit source]
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ Daily Telegraph 18 May 2012 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/queen-elizabeth-II/9274690/King-of-Bahrain-lunches-with-Queen-as-human-rights-storm-rages.html
- ↑ King Mswati is Bankrupting Swaziland: Mornachy not for Africa!, Ole Africa
- ↑ Now only Mswati owns a Maybach!, City Press, 25 January 2009
- ↑ http://www.therichest.com/celebnetworth/politician/royal/king-mswati-iii-net-worth/
- ↑ http://www.times.co.sz/news/92235-king-doesn%E2%80%99t-have-us-200-million.html
- ↑ http://allafrica.com/stories/201310142652.html
- ↑ Swazi king gets go ahead for wives' palaces; 25 July 2004; Independent Online


text:
Livangeli laJesu Khristu Ngekulandzisa Kwa-Johane
Livangeli laJesu Khristu Ngekulandzisa Kwa-Johane
- Ekucaleni kungakadalwa lutfo, abevele akhona Livi. Livi abekuNkulunkulu, Livi abenguNkulunkulu.
- Yena lowo labekhonanchanti, abenaNkulunkulu.
- Konkhe kwadalwa ngaye, ngaphandle kwakhe kute lokwadalwa kuko konkhe lokudaliwe.
- Nguye labengumtfombo wekuphila , naloko kuphila bekukukhanya kwebantfu bonkhe.
- Lokukhanya kukhanya ebumnyameni, bumnyama abukakwemukeli.
- Bekukhona umuntfu labetfunywe nguNkulunkulu, libito lakhe bekunguJohane.
- Lowo abetele bufakazi, atewufakaza ngaloko kukhanya, kutsi ngaye bonkhe bantfu bakholwe.
- Yena abengesiko loko kukhanya, kepha abetewufakaza ngaloko kukhanya.
- Kukhanya kweliciniso, lokukhanyisa wonkhe umuntfu, bekuseta emhlabeni.


text:
Umkhonto weSizwe
Umkhonto we Sizwe lophindze watiwe ngekutsi i "MK" bekuliphiko letempi te African National Congress (ANC), kantsi lomunye wesunguli balo ngu Nelson Mandela ngemuva kwesehlakalo sekubulawa kwebantfu e Sharpeville. lenye intfo leyenta kwasungulwa leliphiko bekungukutsi I ANC beyingasakhoni kuchubeka netinkulumiswano tekucedza libandlululo kanye nekuyinyova ngekuthula ngaphandle kweludlame. Injongo ye ANC bekukulwa nelubandlululo nobe ngabe kutsatsani.[1] Ngemuva kwekunika sicwayiso umbuso welubandlululo ngenyanga ya Lweti 1961, umbuso awumange ubatsatsele enhloko, wachubeka ngencindzetelo yebantfu labamnyama, ngulapho ke licembu lwe Mkhonto weSizwe lahlela laphindze lahlasela kwekucala mhlaka 16 Ingongoni 1961. Lokuhlasela loku umbuso welubandlululo wakubona njenge kuvukela umbuso kantsi yona I MK yabonwa njengelicembu lwemavukela mbuso I Ningizimu Afrika kanye ne Melika.[2]
Emahhovisi awo Umkhonto bekase Rivonia e Johannesburg sikhatsi lesidze , kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1963 baholi bayo labangu 19 baboshwa lokufaka phakatsi bo Arthur Goldreich kanye na Walter Sisulu, baboshwa e ensimini yase Liliesleaf farm e Rivonia.[3] Umnikati walelisimu bekungu Arthur Goldreich kantsi latsengwa ngemali ye South African Communist Party kanye ne ANC. Lokutsengwa lalindzawo yase Liliesleaf kwenteka ngoba bantfu labamnyama bebangakavumeleki kuhlala etindzaweni tebantfu labamhlophe ngaphansi kwemtsetfo lobewatiwa nge Group Areas Act. Kwatsi bonke labaholi bangaboshwa babese baya gwetjwa ecaleni lebelatiwa nge Rivonia Trial. Wilton Mkwayi wakhona kufohla ejele wabaleka kusatsetfwa lelicala.
Kwatsi nakufika inkululeko e Ningizimu Afrika ngo 1994, I MK yafakwa ngaphansi kweliphiko lwetekuvikela takhona e Ningizimu Afrika.[4]


text:
Nyawo, Sonene.
Abstract:
Lona ngumbiko ngelucwaningo lolwentiwe ngalendzabakati yekufika
kweLivangeli eSwatini, liletfwa belumbi labamhlophe lababetitfunywa teliVangeli laMvelinchanti. Kulandzela sembulo inkhosi Somhlolo leyabanaso sivela enkhosini vase Zulwini, titfunywa teliVangeli tatseleka eSwatini ngekumenywa yinkhosi Mswati wesibili. Emkhatsini wato kwakukhona Nkosazana Malla Moe, umsunguli weLibandla LeVangeli eSwatini, lokunguyena lolucwaningo lugcile kakhulu kuye, asahambisa tindzaba taJesu emaSwatini emdzabu. Livetile leliphepha kutsi emaSwati atemukela ngelisasa lelikhulu titfunywa teliVangeli. Ngabe sizatfu lesimcoka lesenta loko kwabakutsi letitfunywa betibapha boshukela, netiswayi, nemasekeni? Cha, kwakujulule kunaloko. Imfihlakalo kwaba kutsi inkholo yemdzabu lecuketse emagugu enhlakanipho elukholo yayise iwuvukutile umhlaba wanotsa, walungelela kutsi lembewu yenkholo yebuKrestu nayi hlanyelwa ichume itsele titselo. EmaSwati abukhandza lobuyanga lobabuvetwa yinkholo yemdzabu bucedzeka ngoba bebusitfunti salokukhulu lokutako. Loko kwenta kutsi noma letitfunywa betinemaphutsa, lebetiwacondzile nalebetingakawacondzi, emaSwati atikhandza letitfunywa kutitja
letibutsakatsaka, kodwa letiphetse igolode. Ngekufundza tincwadzi emitapeni leyehlukeni, nanekufuna imivo yebantfu leyehlukene, kubekhona imicondvo letsite lolucwaningo loluyitfolile, leveta lentsambo letsekeleta letinkholo letimbili. Loko kube yinkhomba yekutsi emaSwati attkhandza emukelekile enkholweni yebuKrestu, ase ayayitsatsa lendzaba yeliVangeli yaba ngeyabo nabo. Konkhe loku lokungetulu, kucuketfwe ngemakhasi lasitfupha alolucwalingo. Lamakhasi acale etfule ingcikitsi yalolucwalingo, bese achaza ngalokufinciwe imvelaphi yesive semaSwati nekutsi sikuphi lamuhla, bese etfula inkholo yemdzabu netingoni tayo, kanye nekufika kwenkholo yebuKrestu. Emakhasi lamabili ekugcina atfula imivo yebantfu labehlukene ngebudlelwane emkhatsini waletinkholo letimbili bese ayasonga. Ngineletsemba kutsi lomcukutfu Iona utakuba lusito esiveni semaSwati, kulesitukulwane salamuhla nakusasa, ngoba uveta lolunye luhlangotsi olungenta kutsi liSwati Iibe neligcabho ngemvelaphi yalo, nangenkholo yalo yemdzabu. Futsi nemalunga elibandla leVangeli, kanye neKrestu onkhana atawukwati kutsi lelibandla lichamukaphi. Nalomunye asangachubeka acwalinge kutsi likuphi lamuhla liBandla leVangeli.


text:
Umndeni
Umndeni (síNgísi, family).
Lokucuketfwe
Tihlobo[hlela | edit source]
Tihlobo (síNgísi, relatives) ngebantfu labatalana nawe nobe kanye nebatali bakho.
Gogo[hlela | edit source]
Gogo ngumake wababe wakho, nobe ngumake wamake wakho. Liswati alibi nagogo munye, ngoba phela dzadzewabogogo lomncane naye ngugogo kepha yena ubitwa ngagogoncane(gogo lomncane). Lomdzala-ke yena kutsiwe ngugogo lomdzala. Umnakabogogo naye ngugogo kepha yena ubitwa ngagogo lomdvuna.
Mkhulu[hlela | edit source]
Mkhulu ngubabe wamake wakho nobe babe wababe wakho. Nobe futsi ngumuphi umuntfu lomdvuna losaluphele ubitwa ngaye mkhulu. Umnakabomkhulu naye ngumkhulu, lomncane kutsiwa ngumkhulu lomncane. Lomdzala kutsiwe ngumkhulu lomdzala/lomkhulu.
Babe[hlela | edit source]
Babe ngulendvodza lekutalako, lekunakekelako. Labanye betfu bobabe abasitali kepha basikhulisile. Babe unebanakabo nabodzadzewabo latalwa nabo. Labadzala kunakuye bobabelomkhulu, labancane kunaye bobabe lomncane. Labasikati bobabe lomsikati. Indvodza letsetse make wakho ibe ingakutali uyibita ngababe lomncane. Nobe sewuhlonipha umuntfu lomdvuna losamdzala umbita ngababe.
Make[hlela | edit source]
Make ngulomsikati lowakubeleka nobe lowakukhulisa. Nakunobe ngumuphi umuntfu lomsikati losesigabeni sebufati ubitwa ngamake. Dzadzewabomake lomdzala ngumamkhulu (make lomkhulu), lomncane ngumake lomncane (ncane). Umnakabomake yena ngumalume.
Umnaka[hlela | edit source]
Ngumuntfu lomdvuna lotalwa ngubabe nobe ngumake. Nebafana bababe lomncane nalomkhulu banaka. Nabontsanga nabo banaka nawubahlonipha.
Dzadze[hlela | edit source]
Ngumuntfu lomsikati lesitalana naye. Nemantfombatane ababe lomncane nalomkhulu bodzadze. Nemantfombatane lalinganako abitana ngabodzadze.


text:
Indlovukazi Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II, indlovukazi yemaNgisi.
Lokucuketfwe
Kukhula[hlela | edit source]
Elizabeth watalwa mhla tingu-21 kuMábasa nga-1926 eLandani atalwa yinkhosiGeorge IV lobeyinkosana ngaleso sikhatsi kanye naElizabeth Bowes-lyon. Elizabeth wabhabhadiswa esontfweni lebekadze lisesigodlweni ibuckinham. Yena kanye nadzadzewabo Margareth bafundela ekhaya ngephasi kweliso lamake wabo.Nga-1936 uyise watsatsa sikhundla sebukhosi bemangisi emva kwekubeka phasi kwa Edward VIII,Elizabeth yena wabe sewuba yinkhosatane letawulandzela nakukhotsama uyise.
Kugana[hlela | edit source]
Ngemnyaka wa-1927 tingemashumi lamabili ku lweti inkhosatane Elizabeth washada na Charles lobekaphuma emndenini webukhosi bemaDanishi(danish).Elizabeth naCharles banebantfwana labane
Bukhosi[hlela | edit source]
imphilo yenkhosi George yacala kuba yimbi nga-1951.Elizabeth kwabe sekunguye lommelako emikhosini yebukhosi.Nga -1952 tisitfupha kuNdlovana inkhosi yakhotsama.Elizabeth lobekasekhenya kwadzingeka abuye emuva kutolungiselelwa kutsatsa sikhundla sebukhosi. mhla titimbili kukunhlaba ngemnyaka lolanndzelako Elizabeth wabekwa Njengembusi wemaNgisi kanye nawo onkhe emave letingaphasi kweNgilandi kusukela lapho wabitwa ngendlovukazi Elizabeth II.
Lwati lolunzulu nga-Elizabeth[hlela | edit source]


text:
IGibhithe
Lokucuketfwe
Live[hlela | edit source]
- Libito :Gumhūriyyat Misr al-'Arabiyyah(Iriphablikhi yema-Arabhu yeGibhithe)
- Lihubi lesive :Bilady,bilady,bilady(live lami,live lami,live lami)
- Inhlokodolobha :Cairo
- umfula lomkhulu :inayili
- Bubanti belive : 980.869km²
hulumende[hlela | edit source]
- luhlobo :iriphablikhi
- mengameli :Mohamed hosni mubarak
- sishayamtsetfo :liphalamende lelimbacambili
- tifundza :tingemashumi lamabili nesiphohlongo
bantfu[hlela | edit source]
- linani : 80,335,036 (kulinganisa kwanga-2007)
- Tilwimi : si-Arabhu
- lukholo :80-90% busulumane,10-20% bukhristu
umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
iGibhithe inemlandvo lomudze wemakhulukhulu eminyaka ekushintjana kwemibuso leminyenti.IGibhithe lelugwadvule kepha-ke yona ayifani naletinye tingwadvule ngoba kuyo kugeleta umfula iNayili lokungumfula lomudze kuyedlula yonkhe emhlabeni[1].loku ngiko lokwaletsa emaGibhithe ekucala kulendzawo ngeminyaka yabo-8000 BC.Nga-BC 3150 faro Menes wahlanganisa imibuso lemibili,wasenyakatfo naseningizimu kwaba ngumbuso munye wemaGibhithe.emva kwekuhlangana kwalemibuso kwalandzela sikhatsi semphucuko lenkhulu.Emagibhithe afundza kubhala,kudvweba.kwakha nalokunye lokunyeti lokwenta lesive sichakate kwedlula letinye.
Faro Ramses lowabusa kusukela ku-1279 BC kuya ku-1212 BC wakha emathempeli lamanyenti,takhiwo letinhle kanye netindzawo tekuchakambisa lukholo lwemaGibhithe.lomunye faro lowadvuma kwaba ngu-Akhinathoni lobekagcugcutela kutsi emaGibhithe advumise Nkulunkulu munye.
Nga-332BC emaGibhithe ancotjwa ngu-Alexander the Great lowasungula lidolobha i-Alexandria elugwini lwalelive ,lelidolobha laba yindzawo lebalulekile kutekuhweba.


text:
ISwizalendi
iSwizalendi . Live laseYurophu.
Mayelana ne Swizalendi[hlela | edit source]
- IRiphabliki.
- Inhlokodolobha: Bern.
- Linani leBantfu eBern: 123.466 (2009).
- Mengameli: Doris Leuthard.
- 41.285 Km2.
- Linani leBantfu: 7.782.900 (2009).
- 188 bantfu/km2.
- PIB: 314.869.000.000 USD (2009).
- Likhodi Le-inthanethi: ".ch"
I Swizalendi live lelitfolakala phakatsi kwetintsaba kanye nemawa, kantsi lilive lelihlukaniseke katsatfu, lokuhlukaniseka loku kucuketse emawa langema ayisi, umzila lowatiwa ngekutsi i Swiss Plateau kanye nentsaba leyatiwa ngekutsi i Jura,lomzila udvonsa libanga lelingemakhilomitha langu 41285 km2. kutsi letintsaba temawa lama ayisi sidle sigamu nje lesidze salelive, tibalo tebantfu labatfolakala kulelive tibalelwa ku 8 million kantsi labanyenti babo labantfu batfolakala kuwo lomzila wetintsaba, lapha ke ngulapho kuphindze kutfolakale khona nenhlokodholobha yalo lelive lase Swizalendi kantsi emadholobha ase Swizalendi advume umhlaba wonke aphindze atiwe ngekutsi ngema global cities ngenca yemnotfo wawo, lawa ke i – Zürich kanye ne Geneva.
Lelive lase Swiss linemlandvo lomudze wekungatibandzakanyi etimpini , pheceleti loku lokwatiwa ngekutsi i armed neutrality— kusukela ngemnyaka wango 1815— alikaze lelive libe nempi, ngiko ke loku lokwente kutsi lingenele inhlangano yetive muva ngemnyaka wa 2002. kusesenjalo ke lelive linebudlelwane lobuhle nalamanye emave emhlaba kantsi budlelwane balo bakhelwe esisekelweni sekuletsa kutfula nelucolo emaveni lamanyenti.[1] .i Swizalendi live lakwatalwa khona inhlangano ye Siphambano Lesibovu pheceleti i Red Cross kantsi futsi tinhlangano letinyenti tinemahhovisi awo lamakhulu kulelive lokufaka phakatsi i second largest UN office. Emaveni ase Yuropu leli ngilo live lelisungule inhlangano ye European Free Trade Association loku kuphindze kube yincenye ye Schengen Area – lokufaka phakatsi i nyonyana ye European Union, endzaweni leyatiwangekutsi yi Eureopean Economic Area.
Kufuna[hlela | edit source]
Kúbópha[hlela | edit source]
- ↑ Thomas Fleiner, Alexander Misic, Nicole Töpperwien, Swiss Constitutional Law, p. 28, Kluwer Law International


text:
Tifundza teSwatini
Tifundza teSwatini. Swatini kwéhlukánisa kune districts: Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni. Baéhlukánisa 55 tinkhundla, baéhlukánisa imiphakatsi.
Lokucuketfwe
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Kusitfupha tifundza yeSwatini, 1968[1]: Bremersdorp, Hlatikulu, Mankaiana, Mbabane, Pigg's Peak, Stegi.
Districts[hlela | edit source]
Hhohho[hlela | edit source]
- Inkhundla Hhukwini. Imiphakatsi: Dlangeni, Lamgabhi.
- Inkhundla Lobamba. Imiphakatsi: Elangeni, Ezabeni, Ezulwini, Lobamba, Nkanini.
- Inkhundla Madlangempisi. Imiphakatsi: Ebulanzeni/Buhlebuyeza, Emzaceni, Kadvokolwako, Kaguquka, Kazandondo.
- Inkhundla Maphalaleni. Imiphakatsi: Emcengeni, Emfeni, Entsanjeni, Esitseni, Kasiko, Mabeleni, Madlolo, Maphalaleni, Nsingweni.
- Inkhundla Mayiwane. Imiphakatsi: Emfasini, Herefords, Mavula, Mkhuzweni, Mkhweni.
- Inkhundla éMbábáne East. Imiphakatsi: Corporation, Fonteyn, Gobholo, Maqobolwane, Mcozini, Mncitsini, Mntulwini, Sidwashini.
- Inkhundla éMbábáne West. Imiphakatsi: éMbábáne I, éMbábáne II, éMbábáne III, éMbábáne IV, éMbábáne V, éMbábáne VI, Bahai, Mangwaneni.
- Inkhundla Mhlangatane. Imiphakatsi: Mangweni, Manjengeni, Mavula, Malibeni, Mpofu, Ndvwabangeni, Nhlanguyavuka, Nyakatfo, Sidwashini, Zinyane.
- Inkhundla Motjane. Imiphakatsi: Ekupheleni, Esigangeni, Luhlendlweni, Mantabeni, Motjane, Mpolonjeni, Sipocosini.
- Inkhundla Ndzingeni. Imiphakatsi: Bulandzeni, Emgungunlovu, Emvuma, Ludlawini, Ndzingeni, Ngowane, Nkamanzi.
- Inkhundla Nkhaba. Imiphakatsi: Ejubukweni, Ekuvinjelweni, Emdzimba, Nkaba.
- Inkhundla Ntfonjeni. Imiphakatsi: Hhelehhele, Kandwandwe, Lomshiyo, Mashobeni, Mshingishingini, Mvembili, Vusweni.
- Inkhundla Piggs Peak. Imiphakatsi: Bulembu, Ekwakheni, Enginamadolo, Ensangwini, Kamkhweli, Luhhumaneni.
- Inkhundla Timpisini. Imiphakatsi: Kahhohho, Mashobeni, Mvembili, Ndlalambi/Ludzibini.
Lubombo[hlela | edit source]
- Inkhundla Dvokodvweni. Imiphakatsi: Enjabulweni, Etjedze, Malindza, Mampempeni, Mdumezulu, Mhlangatane, Sigcaweni.
- Inkhundla Hlane. Imiphakatsi: Hlane, Khuphuka, Ntandweni, Sikhuphe.
- Inkhundla Lomahasha. Imiphakatsi: Lomahasha, Mafucula, Shewula, Tsambokhulu.
- Inkhundla Lugongolweni. Imiphakatsi: Langa, Makhewu, Mlindazwe, Sitsatsaweni.
- Inkhundla Matsanjeni. Imiphakatsi: Lukhetseni, Mambane, Maphungwane, Tikhuba.
- Inkhundla Mhlume. Imiphakatsi: Mhlume, Simunye, Tabankulu, Tshaneni, Vuvulane.
- Inkhundla Mpholonjeni. Imiphakatsi: Kashoba, Ndzangu, Ngcina.
- Inkhundla Nkilongo. Imiphakatsi: Crooks, Gamula, Lunkufu, Mayaluka, Ngcampalala.
- Inkhundla Siphofaneni. Imiphakatsi: Hlutse, Kamkhweli, Macetjeni, Madlenya, Maphilingo, Mphumakudze, Nceka, Ngevini, Tambuti.
- Inkhundla Sithobela. Imiphakatsi: Luhlanyeni, Mamiza, Nkonjwa.
- Inkhundla Somntongo. Imiphakatsi: Canerbury, Kavuma, Mabantaneni, Nkhanini, Sifuntaneni.
Manzini[hlela | edit source]
- Inkhundla Ekukhanyeni. Imiphakatsi: Bhekinkhosi, Ebutfonweni, Embheka, Engcayini, Engwazini, Enkiliji, Ensenga, Enyakeni, Esankolweni, Eswaceni, Kantunja, Maliyaduma, Mdayaneni, Mkhulamini.
- Inkhundla Hlambanyatsi. Imiphakatsi: Dingizwe, Lundzi, Mbangave, Mlindazwe, Zondwako.
- Inkhundla Kwaluseni. Imiphakatsi: Kwalusenimhlane, Logoba.
- Inkhundla Lamgabhi. Imiphakatsi: Dudusini, Emhlangeni, Engwenyameni, Kalamgabhi, Kaluhleko.
- Inkhundla Lobamba Lomdzala. Imiphakatsi: Luyengo, Malkerns.
- Inkhundla Ludzeludze. Imiphakatsi: Ekudzeni, Enkamanzi, Esibuyeni, Esigombeni, Mbekelweni, Usweni, Zombodze.
- Inkhundla Mafutseni. Imiphakatsi: Engculwini, Etimbutini, Kabhudla, Kankhambule, Luhlokohla, Mafutseni.
- Inkhundla Mahlangatja. Imiphakatsi: Bhahwini, Ebuseleni, Eludvondvolweni, Eluzelweni, Emambatfweni, Empolonjeni, Kazulu, Mgomfelweni, Nsangwini, Sigcineni.
- Inkhundla Mangcongco. Imiphakatsi: Dwalile, Mafutseni, Mangcongco, Ncabaneni, Sandlane.
- Inkhundla Manzini North. Imiphakatsi: Edwaleni, Emakholweni, Mnyenyweni, Mzimnene.
- Inkhundla iNingizimu Manzini. Imiphakatsi: Lwandle, Mjingo, Moneni, Zakhele.
- Inkhundla Mkhiweni. Imiphakatsi: Dvokolwako, Ekutsimleni, Mbelebeleni.
- Inkhundla Mtfongwaneni. Imiphakatsi: Bulunga, Ehlane, Gundwini, Lwandle, Ndlandlameni.
- Inkhundla Ngwempisi. Imiphakatsi: Bhadzeni I, Bhadzeni II, Elushikishini, Emahhashini, Emaqudvulwini, Engcoseni, Enhlulweni, Etshebovu, Khabonina, Mgazini, Velezizweni.
- Inkhundla Nhlambeni. Imiphakatsi: Dwaleni, Kashali, Njelu.
- Inkhundla Ntondozi. Imiphakatsi: Egebeni, Empini, Endlini Lembi, Kandinda, Ncabaneni, Ntondozi.
Shiselweni[hlela | edit source]
- Inkhundla Gege. Imiphakatsi: Emhlahlweni, Emjikelweni, Endzingeni, Ensukazi, Kadinga, Katsambekwako, Mgazini, Mgomfelweni, Mlindazwe, Sisingeni.
- Inkhundla Hosea. Imiphakatsi: Ka-Hhohho Emva, Ludzakeni/Kaliba, Lushini, Manyiseni, Nsingizini, Ondiyaneni.
- Inkhundla Kubuta. Imiphakatsi: Ezishineni, Kakholwane, Kaphunga, Ngobelweni, Nhlalabantfu.
- Inkhundla Maseyisini. Imiphakatsi: Dlovunga, Kamzizi, Mbilaneni, Vusweni.
- Inkhundla Matsanjeni. Imiphakatsi: Bambitje/Nsalitje, Dinabanye, Ekuphumleni, Qomontaba.
- Inkhundla Mtsambama. Imiphakatsi: Bhanganoma, Ekwendzeni, Kambhoke, Magele.
- Inkhundla Ngudzeni. Imiphakatsi: Ekukhanyeni, Ekulambeni, Lusitini, Ndushulweni, Nyatsini.
- Inkhundla Nkwene. Imiphakatsi: Ebuseleni, Hlobane, Kagwebu, Kuphumleni, Nhlalabantfu, Sigcineni.
- Inkhundla Sandleni. Imiphakatsi: Bufaneni, Enkalaneni, Ka-Nzameya, Kagasa, Kontjingila, Mbelebeleni, Mphini, Ngololweni, Nkhungwini, Tibondzeni.
- Inkhundla Shiselweni I. Imiphakatsi: Dumenkungwini, Mabona, Mchinsweni, Zikhotheni.
- Inkhundla Shiselweni II. Imiphakatsi: Embheka, Mahlalini, Makhwelela, Mbabala, Mkhitsini, Mphangisweni, Sikhotseni.
- Inkhundla Sigwe. Imiphakatsi: Empini, Kankhomonye, Lindizwa, Lulakeni.
- Inkhundla Somntongo. Imiphakatsi: Ezindwenweni, Maplotini, Mlindazwe, Phangweni, Qomintaba, Vimbizibuko.
- Inkhundla Zombodze. Imiphakatsi: Bulekeni, Mampondweni, Ngwenyameni, Zombodze.
Caphela[hlela | edit source]
Kufuna lamanye emakhasi lafana naleli[hlela | edit source]
- Lidolobha laseSwatini.
- Umbuso weSwatini.


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Inhlonipho
Inhlonipho yindlela yekutiphatsa lehluka ngesive ngesive.
Indlela lokhuluma ngayo[hlela | edit source]
Indlela lokhuluma ngayo isho kutsi uyahlonipha nobe awuhloniphi, ngesiSwati kungahloniphi kutsi nawukhuluma ubesolo ufaka inhlamba, kanye nemagama etitfo letifihlekile. Nawukhuluma nemuntfu lomdzala kufanele uwakhetse emagama lowashoko
Kutiphatsa[hlela | edit source]
Nekutiphatsa nako kuyinhlonipho, sib. Kudzakwa akumange sekubeyinhlonipho. Etiveni tase-afulikha akusiko kuhlonipha kukhuluma nemuntfu lomdzala ube umutse njo! etinhlavini temehlo.
Kwehlukana kwenhlonipho etiveni[hlela | edit source]
Sive ngesive sinendlela yaso yekuchaza inhlonipho. Emangisi akutsatsa ngekungahloniphi kudla ngesandla kantsi tsine maSwati asiboni sono lapho. Kuletinye tive kubhodla nawudla kwedzelela, kuletinye usuke ukhombisa kutsi lokudla kwehle ngemgogodla. Kuletinye tive livi lenkhosi nguleligcinako, kuletinye kugcina lebantfu lababuswako.
Ngaloko bekunene inhlonipho yemangisi akusiyo inhlonipho yemaswati, inhlonipho yebakaZulu akusiyo inhlonipho yebaShweshwe. Kepha inhlonipho lenkhulu kuhlonipha emasiko, imihambo, timvo nemibono yalesinye sive.


text:
Likhasi Lesihloko/Likhasi Lebashicileli
Kwaba Khona Njani Kuphila?
© 2010
WATCH TOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA
All Rights Reserved
BASHICILELI
WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF SOUTH AFRICA NPC
1 Robert Broom Drive East, Rangeview, Krugersdorp, 1739, R.S.A.
Lushicilelo lwa-2010
Lencwajana ayitsengiswa. Yentelwe kusita emsebentini wekufundzisa ngeliBhayibheli lowentiwa emhlabeni wonkhe. Lomsebenti usekelwa ngeminikelo yekutitsandzela.
Yonkhe imiBhalo icashunwe eBhayibhelini lesiSwati. Kepha nangabe kuvela NW isuke icashunwe ku-New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References


text:
FRELIMO
i"Mozambican Liberation Front" kumbe "Frente de Libertação de Moçambique" (FRELIMO)licembu letembusave laseveni lase Mozambiki.Mongameli walo wekucala ngu Eduardo Mondlane. Lasungulwa tinhlangano letincane taseMozambiki lebetiseveni lase Tanzania tilwela inkululeko yase Mozambiki eveni lase Portugal. [1]
Kucala kwalo
Ekucaleni kweminyaka yabo 1970 i FRELIMO beseyinemasosha langetulu kwa 7,000 kantsi beseyikhone kutsatsa letinye tincenye telive letitfolakala emkabeni nelive kanye nasenyakatfo nelive lase Mozambiki etandleni temaputukezi. Emasosha emaputukezi labekase Mozambiki ngaleso sikhatsi bekalinganiselwa ku 60,000 kantsi bekatfolakala ngebunyenti endzaweni yase Cahora Bassa lapho umbuso wemaputukezi bewenta lidamu lebelitawuphehla umbani wagezi. Tingucuko letinyenti betenteka eMozambiki kanye nase Portugal kusukela ngeminyaka yangabo 1960 kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1974 umbuso lobewukhona e Portugal i Estado Novo wacunjwa phansi kwaba ngulapho licembu lelisha lebeseliphetse lanika inkululeko onke emave langesheya labekacindzetelwa umbuso we Portugal. Inkululeko yanikwa mhlaka 25 Inhlaba 1975 eveni lase Mozambiki live lase Portugal.[2]


text:
Libandla la Jesu lelicobo
Libandla lelibitwa ngekutsi yi True Jesus Church Libandla lelitimele lelasungulwa e Beijing, eveni lase Shayina ngemnyaka wanga 1917. Lamuhla lelibandla linemalunga landlulako ku 1.5 million (sigidzi nahhafu)emaveni langemashumi lamane nesihlanu (45) etichingini letisitfupha. Lelibandla liyincenye yenkolelo yebu Khristu ye Phentekhosti leyasungulwa eminyakeni leyendlulako enkulungwaneni. Kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1997, lelibandla lasungulwa e Ningizimu Afrika. Sihlose kushumayela lelivangeli kuwo onkhe emave angakabuyi kwesibili Jesu. Inshumayelo yetfu inetingono letilishumi lesikholwela kuto. Ngunati:
- Jesu Khristu, Nelivi lowagucuka waba yinyama, wafa esiphambanweni khona sitowusindziswa etonweni tetfu, wavuka ngelilanga lesitsatfu wakhuphukela ezulwini. Nguye yedvwa losindzisa bantfu, lowadala lizulu nemhlaba, nguye kuphela Nkulunkulu lophilako.
- Ngumoya Longcwele
- KuBajatiswa
- Kugeza tinyawo
- Sidlo lesingcwele
- Lusuku LweSabatha
- Libhayibheli lelingcwele
- kusindziswa
- Lisontfo
- Lusuku lweKwahlulelwa kwekugcina
Kúbópha[hlela | edit source]
- TJC Evangelical iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- TJC International Assembly iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- The TJC United States General Assembly iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- TJC United Kingdom iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- TJC West Malaysia iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- TJC Hong Kong iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- World TJC websites directory iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).


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Thomas Mopoku Mofolo
Thomas Mokopu Mofolo (22 Ingongoni 1876 – 8 Inyoni 1948) bekangumbhali lomkhulu wetincwadzi tesisutfu. Ubhale tincwadzi letinyenti tesiSutfu. Chaka ngulenye incwadzi layibhala yahunyushwa elulwimini lwesiSingisi.
Lokucuketfwe
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Thomas Mofolo watalwa e Khojane,e Lesotho, mhlaka 22 Ingongoni 1876. wafundza esikolweni lebesidvute nalabekahlala khona, lesi sikolo lebesisesontfweni lebelatiwa nge Paris Evangelical Missionary Society , lapha ke waphotfula timfundvo tebuthishela watfola sitifiketi ngo 1898. watsi nakacedza kufundza watfola umsebenti esitolo semabhuku e Morija. lapho labanye bafundisi labebama mishinari babona imibhalo yakhe babese bayamgcugcutela kutsi acale kubhala emabhuku, ngulapho wacala kubhala emabhuku ngesiSotho pheceleti libhuku lekucala lewabhala lesihloko salo besitsi Moeti oa bochabela (1907; The Traveler of the East). lelibhuku belitjela ngemlandvo wa Shifu webaSutfu lobekakhuluma aphindze aphonse imibuto ngenkolo yemakrestu, lelibhuku libhalwe ngebuhlakani ngedlela yekuhlanganisa tinkondlo kanye netimva batsi, ngulapho ke wacala kubhala ngetindzaba temilandvo kanye netinganekwane netibongo. impumelelo yalelibhuku yenta bothishela labanyenti kutsi nabo bacale kubhala amabhuku, loku ke kwacala kulandzelwa bantfu labafundzile mbamba e Afrika lese ningizimu.
Tincwadzi latibhalile[hlela | edit source]
- Mofolo, Thomas Mopoku. Moeti oa bochabela, 1907.
- Mofolo, Thomas Mopoku. Pitseng, 1910.
- Mofolo, Thomas Mopoku. Chaka, 1925.
letinye tincwadzi lacashunwa kuto[hlela | edit source]
- Ellenberger, Victor. « Thomas Mofolo (1873-1948) », "Journal des Missions évangéliques", iNdlóvana 1949, Paris: Société des Missions Évangéliques, p. 77-79 (síFulentji).
- Gerard, Albert S. « Literature in Southern Sotho » in Four african literatures Xhosa Sotho Zulu Amharic, 1971, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971, p. 101- 180 (síNgísi).
- Kunene, Daniel P. The Works of Thomas Mofolo: Summaries and Critiques, 1967, Los Angeles: Africa Studies Center of the University of California, 1967, 28 p (síNgísi).
- Kunene, Daniel P. Thomas Mofolo and the emergence of written Sesotho prose, 1989, éJózi: Ravan press, 1989, 251 p (síNgísi).
- Sévry, Jean. Chaka, empereur des Zoulous: histoires, mythes et légendes, 1991, Paris: L'Harmattan, 1991, 251 p (síFulentji).


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Sobhuza II
Ingonyama Sobhuza Wesibili[hlela | edit source]
Sobhuza wesibili watalwa mhla tingu-22 kukholwane nga-1899 yinkhosikati Lomawa Ndwandwe. Ngawo lomnyaka ingonyama Mahlokohla yakhotsama. Emva kwekukhotsama kwengonyama Mahlokohla Indlovukazi Labotsibeni nalomawa babambela Sobhuza.
libito lekutalwa lengonyama Sobhuza nguNkhotfotjeni. Leli laSobhuza ulitfole nga-1921 nasatsatsa bukhosi.
Nasakhulakhulile Sobhuza Labotsibeni wagcogca timali wakha sikolwa kaLobamba lapho Sobhuza afundza khona. Utsite nacedza lapho wendluliselwa eKoloni eKolishi iLovedale lapho aphotfula khona tifundvo takhe. Konkhe loku yimitamo yaLabotsibeni. Lapha ekolishi Sobhuza wahlangana nebaholi labanyenti base Afrika.
Ngemnyaka wa-1921 Sobhuza wabekwa esikhundleni sebukhosi bemaswati.
Sifiso sekucala seNgonyama bekukulinga kubuyisa live lemaswati lelabe lisetandleni tebadzeshi. Kepha-ke loko bekulukhuni ngoba belumbi bebanetincwadzi letikhomba kutsi live balitsenga engonyameni Mbandzeni. Sobhuza wehla enyuka awela tilwandle aya eNgilandi kundlovukazi yemaNgisi.
Sobhuza wagcina aphumelele ngoba nga-1968 emaswati atfola ndiphethe. Sobhuza uwabusile emaSwati kwadzimate kwaba ngu-1986 lapho akhotsama khona. Emlandvweni wetive tonkhe Sobhuza ngulenye yemakhosi lambalwa labuse sikhatsi lesidze.


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Libhubesi
Libhubesi litfolaka ngaphansi kwemalunga emakati latiwa ngekutsi ngema (Panthera leo) , Leli likati lelisemndenini wemakati latiwa ngema Felidae (cat) lamanye emabhubesis lamadvuna anesisindvo lesingu 250 kg (550 lb), manje loku kuchaza kutsi leli likati lelikhulu emhlabeni ngemuva kwe tiger. Namuhla emabhubesis atfolaka e sub-Saharan Africa nase Asia.
Íncwadzí[hlela | edit source]
- Mammal Species of the World, A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd edition, 2005 ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 (síNgísi).


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Bukhosi
Bukhosi yindlela yekubusa lapho khona inhloko yembuso ingakhetfwa khona, kepha ibekwa ngemitsetfo yalowo mbuso nobe sigodzi futsi leyo nhloko ibusa idzimate ikhotsame nobe yehle esikhundleni (ikakhulukati enshonalanga).
Emandla ebukhosi[hlela | edit source]
- Bukhosi lobutimele.
Lobu bukhosi lobubusa ngendlela letsite lengalawulwa.lana inkhosi nobe indlovukati ishaya imitsetfo yente konkhe lokwentiwa yinhloko yembuso.
- Bukhosi bemtsetfosisekelo.
Lobu bukhosi lobandze eyurophu lapho khona emandla enkhosi nobe indlovukati alawulwa ngumtsetfosisekelo wesive njengaseNgilandi nasesipeyini.
Kutsatfwa kwesikhundla sebukhosi[hlela | edit source]
Lotawulandzela umbusi wesive ukhetfwa ngetindlela letinyenti. Ngesiswati inkhosi ayimkhetsi lotayilandzela kepha ukhetfwa emva kwekukhotsama kwayo. NgesiZulu umfana lomdzala lotalwa yinkhosikati yekucala nguye lolandzelako.


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Nathi Mthethwa
Emmanuel Nkosinathi (Nathi) Mthethwa (watalwa 23 Bhimbidvwane 1967 KwaZulu-Natal) ngu sopolitiki wase Ningizimu Afrika lovela endzaweni ya Kwa Mbonambi, KwaZulu-Natal [1] uphindze abe lilunga le ANC. Bekangusosiswebhu wavelonke embutfweni we ANC[2]. Ngemuva kwekutsiThabo Mbeki ayekele esikhundleni sakhe sebungameli Mthethwa wabese uba ngundvunankulu wetekuphepha netenhlalakahle mhlaka 25 Lweti 2008, lokuhlala kwakhe kulesikhundla kwenteka ngalesikhatsi kubusa mongameli wesikhashana e Ningizimu Afrika President Kgalema Motlanthe's. Nyalo ungundvunankulu wemaPhoyisa.[3][4]


text:
LiBhayibheli
LiBhayibheli, liyitsatsa njengencwadzi lendze lokumatima kuyicondza ngaletinye tikhatsi.
- “Livi lakho liliciniso.” (Johane 17:17)
- “Akube khashane naNkulunkulu kuba ngumenti walokubi, kwenta bubi akube khashane naSomandla.” (Jobe 34:10)
- “Babe wetfu losezulwini, ...umbuso wakho awute. Intsandvo yakho ayentiwe emhlabeni, njengobe yentiwa ezulwini.” (Matewu 6:9,10)
Leligama Libhayibheli, liphindze libitwe ngekutsi Libhayibheli Lelingcwele, lingasho linye nobe mabili kulamabhuku enkholo layinhlitiyo yenkholo yebuJuda kanye nebuKristu - Mibhalo Lengcwele yeMahebheru kanye neBuKristu ngekuhlonipheka.
Libhayibheli lisilundza sekucala semlandvo wakudzala wase-Isirayeli. Kepha libhayibheli akusilo nje libhuku lemlandvo, kepha mabhuku alo kusuka ku-Joshuwa kuye tukweTikronike tesibili msebenti lowabhalwa bafundzi bemlandvo wakudzala waka-Israyeli. Bafundzi bemlandvo baka-Israyeli babhala lomlandvo ngelwati lebalibona liliciniso ngekwemlandvo. Njengebabhali bemlandvo banyalo, babhali beliBhayibheli bebavamise kuniketa tizatfu ngekwemlandvo nobe lwati lwangaphambilini ngetintfo lebebabhala ngato (e.g., 1Samuel 28:31 Sam. 28:3, 1Kings 18:3, 1 Kings 18:3, 2Kings 9:14b-15, 2 Kings 9:14b-15a, 2Kings 13:5-6, 2Kings 15:12, 2Kings 17:7-23).
BuJuda busebentis incenye yinye yalamabhuku leyatiwangekutsi yi-Tanakh, Libhayibheli lemaHebheru, livamiswe kuhlukwaniswa tincenye letintsatfu: i-Torah ("infundziso" nobe "umtsetfo"), i-Nevi'im ("bapholofethi"), ne-Ketuvim ("imibhalo").
Lelibhayibheli lelifundvwa Makrestu lihlukene tigaba letibili letiliThestamente Lelidzala neliThestamente Lelisha. Kuma kwemibhalo yeliThestamente Lelidzala kuphikiswana ngako emkhatsini wemacembu eBukristu: ma-Protestants atsatsa onke mabhuku siHebheru njengemabhuku lekungiwo lekufanele abe tukweliThestamente Lelidzala. Makhatokila aseRoma kanye nema-Orthodox aseMpumalanga angeta mabhuku e-deuterocanonical, mabhuku emaJuda, njengemibhalo lekufanele ifakwe tukweli-Thestamente Lelidzala. LiThestamente Lelisha lakhiwe maGosbheli ("tindzaba letimnandzi"), Tento tebaPostoli, ma-Epistles (timcwadzi), kanye neLibhuku leSambulo.
Ngalesinye sikhatsi leligama "libhayibheli" like lisetshentiswe uma kukhulunya ngalamanye mabhuku lamikhaba yanobe nguyiphi inkholo, nobe uma kukhulunya ngencwadzi lechaza kabanti ngesihloko tsite.
Nevi'im[hlela | edit source]
I-Nevi'im, nobe "Bapholofethi," ikhuluma ngekukhula kwebuso wemaHebheru, kuhlukana kwawo ube tigaba letibili, nebapholofeti la, ngeligama Lasimakadze, bacwayisa makhosi kanye nebaNtfwana bakaIsrayeli ngepanishiwa nguSimakadze. Kugcina ngekuncotshwa kweBukhosi baka-Isirayeli ba-Assyrians, kuncotshwa kwebukhosi bakaJuda maBhabhin, kanye nekuwa kweliThempeli laseJerusalema. Tincenye talamabhuku alabapholofethi afundvwa maJuda ngeliSabatha (Shabbat). Libhuku la Jonah lifundvwa nge-Yom Kippur.
Ngekwelisiko emaJuda, i-Nevi'im ihlukaniswe tigaba letisiphohlongo temabhuku. Kutolikwa lokusha kwato kuhlukaniswe tigaba letimashumi lamabili nakunye.
I-Nevi'im iphetse lamabhuku lasiphohlongo lalandzelayo:
- 6. Joshua, Js—Yehoshua (יהושע)
- 7. Judges, Jg—Shoftim (שופטים)
- 8. Samuel, includes First and Second 1Sa–2Sa—Shemuel (שמואל)
- 9. Kings, includes First and Second, 1Ki–2Ki—Melakhim (מלכים)
- 10. Isaiah, Is—Yeshayahu (ישעיהו)
- 11. Jeremiah, Je—Yirmiyahu (ירמיהו)
- 12. Ezekiel, Ez—Yekhezkel (יחזקאל)
- 13. Twelve, includes all Minor Prophets—Tre Asar (תרי עשר)
- A. Hosea, Ho—Hoshea (הושע)
- B. Joel, Jl—Yoel (יואל)
- C. Amos, Am—Amos (עמוס)
- D. Obadiah, Ob—Ovadyah (עבדיה)
- E. Jonah, Jh—Yonah (יונה)
- F. Micah, Mi—Mikhah (מיכה)
- G. Nahum, Na—Nahum (נחום)
- H. Habakkuk, Hb—Havakuk (חבקוק)
- I. Zephaniah, Zp—Tsefanya (צפניה)
- J. Haggai, Hg—Khagay (חגי)
- K. Zechariah, Zc—Zekharyah (זכריה)
- L. Malachi, Ml—Malakhi (מלאכי)
Ketuvim[hlela | edit source]
Ketuvim, nobe "Imibhalo", kufanele kutsi yabhalwa ngesikhatsi nobe emva kwekuBanjwa maBhabhlona. Ngekusho kwemasiko esi-Rabbinic tradition kanye nato tihloko temaHubo, lamanyenti emahubo lasebhukwini lemaHubo abhalwa ngu-Davide; kutsenjwa kutsi Inkosi Solomoni yabhala Tihlabelelo Tetihlabelelo eminyakeni yakhe yebusha, Libhuku lemavi Lahlakaniphile eminyakeni yekhe yebudzala yemphilo, kanye neTicclesiastes ngesikhasi sekagugile; umpholofethi Jeremiya kukholelwa kutsi wabhala Lamentations. Libhuku la-Ruth ngilo kuphela libhuku lasebhayibhelini lelibukene nebantfu labangasi maJuda. Lilibhuku la-Ruth likhuluma ngendzaba yemuntfu lekangasilo liJuda (pheceleti, umMoabi lobekashade nemJuda lekwatsi ngekufa kwalomJuda, walandzela etindleni temaJuda; ngekusho kwelibhayibheli, lona wekunene bekangukhokhokati we-Nkosi Davide. Lasihlanu kulamabhuku labitwa ngekutsi "Tikroli Lenhlanu" (Megilot), afundvwa ngemaholide emaJuda: Tihlabelelo Tetihlabelelo nge Passover; Libhuku la-Ruth nge Shavuot; Lamentations ne Ninth of Av; Macclesiastes nge Sukkot; kanye ne-Libhulu la-Esta nge Purim. Konke nje, i-Ketuvim iphetse tinkhodlo temagama, mibono ngemphilo, kanye netindzaba tebapholofethi nalabanye baholi bemaJuda ngesikhatsi kubhaqwe eBhabhilona. Igcina ngemlayelo wasePheshiya lovumela maJuda kutsi abuyele eJerusalema kuyo wakha liThempeli.
I-Ketuvim iphetse lamabhuku lalishumimi nakuye lalandzelayo, ahlukasiwe kumabhuku latolikiwe anyala agcine sekalishuma nakubili ngekuhlukana kwa Ezra naNehemiya:
- 14. Psalms, Ps—Tehillim (תהלים)
- 15. Proverbs, Pr—Mishlei (משלי)
- 16. Job, Jb—Iyyov (איוב)
- 17. Song of Songs, So—Shir ha-Shirim (שיר השירים)
- 18. Ruth, Ru—Rut (רות)
- 19. Lamentations, La—Eikhah (איכה), also called Kinot (קינות)
- 20. Ecclesiastes, Ec—Kohelet (קהלת)
- 21. Esther, Es—Ester (אסתר)
- 22. Daniel, Dn—Daniel (דניאל)
- 23. Ezra, Ea, includes Nehemiah, Ne—Ezra (עזרא), includes Nehemiah (נחמיה)
- 24. Chronicles, includes First and Second, 1Ch–2Ch—Divrei ha-Yamim (דברי הימים), also called Divrei (דברי)
i-Torah[hlela | edit source]
Ngekusho kwalamanye maJuda ngesikhatsi se-Hellenistic, njenge baSajusi, i-Torah yayitfolakala ngekutolikwa lokuncane ngekwemlomo, lebekunga chubekeli ngekwekuvisiseka kwelibhayibheli. Ngekusho kweBafarisi, Simakadze waveta i-Torah lebeyibhaliwe kanye ne-Torah leyakhulunywa kuMosi, le-Torah leyakhulunywa beyiphetse tindzaba kanye nemitsetfo. TukwebuJuda bebu-Rabbinic, le-Torah leyakhulunywa ibalulekile ekuvisiseni le-Torah Lebhaliwe ngekwekukhuluma. (ngoba lite bonkamisa, nabongwaca, kanye nesihlukasi magama) ne-exegetically. Le-Torah leyakhulunywa inetigaba letihlukene, sicalo Halacha (imitsetfo), ne-Aggadah (tindzaba), kanye ne-Kabbalah (lwati lolu-esoteric). Tigaba letinkhulu taloMtsetfo Lokhulunyiwe setagcina tibhalwe phansi, sibonelo yi-Mishnah; ne-Tosefta; Midrash, nane-Midrash Rabbah, ne-Sifre, ne-Sifra, kanye ne-Mechilta; kanye ne-Talmud yemaBhabhilona nemaJerusalema futsi.
buJuda bebu-Orthodox buyachubeka nekwamukela i-Torah Leyakhulunywa njengoba injalo. Masorti ne-maJuda langalamukelilushintsho batsi i-Torah Leyakhulunywa yabusiswa moya loyingcwele, kepha bayakushaya indiva kuphikisana kwalo lapha nalapha. BuJuda lobubuyisanako nabo bamukela i-Talmud lephetse imibhalo ye-Torah Leyakhulunywa, kepha, njenge-Torah leyabhalwa, tindzawana letilawulwe, kepha tingaka ndlovukelwa, nguSimakadze. BuJuda Bekwakhiwa buyabuphika kuchumana ne-Torah, Lebhaliwe kanye naLeyakhulunywa, naSimakadze.
Lombhalo longe Mibono yemaJuda ngeLibhayibheli icoca ngekutsi alivisisa njani Libhayibheli maJuda, kufaka ekhatsi ticephu tembono telibhayibheli takudzala Targums kuya ku-Rabbinic literature, imibhalo ye-midrash, nemibhalo lebalulekile ye-medieval commentators, kanye nemibono yesimanje yemaJuda ngelibhayibheli.


text:
IMvelo yindzaba letsi umuntfu, umhlaba kanye nelive jikelele kwadalwa, hhayi kutsi kwamane nje kwavela eteni.
WSiphila emhlabeni longasho lutfo kodwa lobunjwe ngubuciko lobukhulu, lokhona ngisho kusebenta ungahanjiswa ngumuntfu. Sisonkhe, siphila, sincobe kufa; sibofakazi ebuhleni, elutsandvweni kanye nase kuhlabeleleni, tibalo, imicabango, kulima, tindzaba tetinkantolo and magwebu; konkhe kwavela eteni. Kwavela ngeliphutsa.
Kuto tonkhe titukulwane letiphile kulomhlaba, kute lesingakhonondza ngekutsi singabuboni bungcondvongcondvo lobentekako lapho siphila khona. Kumele sicaphelisise ke singasoli.
Eminyakeni le 3000, Inkosi Davide wema Israel wabhala (Emahubo 8:3-4) "Umangincoma emazulu Akho, umsebenti wetingalo Takho, inyanga netinkanyeti, lotiyaletile"


text:
Inhlatfu
Inhlatfu (Python natalensis)
- síNgísi: Python
Simo nekutiphatsa[hlela | edit source]
Inhlatfu inyoka lenkhulu lehlanganisa imibala lonsundvu, lolutfuli nalompofu. imihlobo yakulamanye emave iba liphuti namhlophe.
Lena yinyoka lengenabo butsi, idle ngekutsi nayibamba inyamatane iyitungeletele iyimpintje iyephule ematsambo idzimate ife. Tinhlatfu tikhula tidzimate tifike emamitheni lalishumi. Tibekela emacandza lensikati iwafukamele sikhatsi lesingaba tinyanga letintstfu. Kute-ke lamacandza afutfumale kutsiwa inhlatfu ikhona kudzikitisa umtimba wayo ngendlela lengetubulala emacandza kepha iwaphe kushisa.
Indzawo letfolakala kuyo[hlela | edit source]
Indzawo letsandvwa tinhlatfu yindzawo lelihlanze lapho kunemahlatsi khona.


text:
© 1996 – 2009 The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
This HTML version prepared by the UDHR in Unicode project, http://www.unicode.org/udhr.
MHLABUHLANGENE
Mhla tilishumi enyangeni yeNgongoni emnyakeni wanga‐1948 (10 December 1948), uMhlangano wawonkhewonkhe waMhlabuhlangene wemukela waphindze wamemetela simemetelo Sawonkhewonkhe Lesimayelana Nemalungelo Ebuntfu. LeSimemetelo sibhalwe ngalokugcwele kulamakhasi (emapheji) lalandzelako. Kulandzela Lesimiso lesingumlandvo loMhlangano‐ke wabese ukhulumisana nemave lakulenhlangano yakaMhlabuhlangene yawatjela kutsi akasakate atise bantfu mayelana nalendzaba lebhaliwe leSimemetelo aphindze futsi lamave "asakate atise labanye bantfu labatayichubela embili lendzaba ngekuyisakata, babonise labanye ngalendzaba, baphindze bayichasise etikolweni, nakuletinye takhiwo netimiso letiphatselene netemfundvo, ngaphandle kokwenta lubandlululo lolusukela kutembusave wakulawo mave noma wakuleto tifundza.
Njengoba
kwatiswa ngekubakhona ngekwemvelo kwesitfunti sebuntfu, nekulingana lokufananako, nangekuba nemalungelo langenakwemukwa noma langenakutsatfwa kulelo nalelo lilunga lelingumndeni webuntfu, konkhe loku‐ke kungumgogodla noma kusisekelo senkhululeko, sekwenta lokulungile nesekuba nekuthula emhlabeni wonkhe jikelele,
Nanjengoba
, kunganaki nekwedzelela emalungelo ebuntfu kugcine sekudale tento letinelunya nebulwane kwabuye futsi kwatfukutselisa nembeza wesintfu sonkhe, kwashabalalisa sifiso nekulobitela kwekutsi etikhatsini letitako sintfu sitawutfokotela kuba nenkhululeko yekukhuluma, nekukholwa, nenkhululeko yekuhlala ngaphandle kokwesaba nekweswela, konkhe loku‐ke sekumenyetelwe njengetifiso letimcoka kabi eluntfwini,
Nanjengoba‐ke
kwekutsi lomunye umuntfu akufanele kutsi aze aphoceleleke kubalekela noma ekucindzetelelekeni kutsi atsatse tinyatselo letitsite kuze atikhiphe ekuphatfweni ngelunya nangekucindzetelwa, kuze emalungelo esintfu avikeleke ngalokusemtsetfweni,
Njengoba
kumcoka kukhulisa budlelwane lobuhle emkhatsini wetive,
Nanjengoba
bantfu bakaMhlabuhlangene kulencwadzi yetivumelwano (i‐Charter) baphindze futsi bagcizelela kukholelwa kwabo esisekelweni semalungelo ebantfu, esitfuntini nasebunguyeni, nasekulinganeni kwemalungelo ebantfu besifazane nebesilisa, nasekucopheleleni ekuphakamiseni inchubekela phambili yemphakatsi, nekwenta lizinga lenhlalo libencono enkhululekweni,
Njengoba
emave langemalunga (Member States) enta sitsembiso ekufezeni, ngekubambisana naMhlabuhlangene, ekuchubekiseleni phambili inhlonipho yemhlaba wonkhe nekunakekela emalungelo ebantfu kanye nekukhululeka lokusisekelo,
Njengoba
kucondzakala lokuvamile kwalamalungelo naletinkhululeko kuyintfo lemcoka kakhulu kuze kubonakale ngalokugcwele lokwenta lesitsembiso,
Nyalo, Ngakoke, UMHLANGANO WAWONKHEWONKHE Umemetala kutsi
LESI SIMEMETELO SEMHLABA WONKHE LESIMAYELANA NEMALUNGELO EBUNTFU singatsi silizinga lelivamile lelikhomba imphumelelo yebantfu bonkhe kanye netive tonkhe, kuze kutsi ekugcineni wonkhe umuntfu ngamunye ngamunye, nemagatja anoma ngumuphi umphakatsi, ngekuhlala bacabanga ngaleSimemetelo ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi, batawuzama ngekufundzisa nekwatisa kuze bakhulise lizinga lokuba nenhlonipho mayelana nalamalungelo netinkhululeko, nangekutsatsa tinyatselo letiya embili, esiveni nasemphakatsini wetive, kuze letintfo titfole kutsi tatiwe mhlabawonkhe, tatiwe ngemiphumela nangekuvumeleka kwato nangekutsi‐ke tiyagcinwa (noma tiyentiwa), tigcine tigcinwa ngiwo onkhe emave langemalunga elenhlangano (Member States) ngekwawo tibuye futsi tigcinwe futsi ngemave langaphansi kwalamave lakulenhlangano.
Bonkhe bantfu batalwa bakhululekile balingana ngalokufananako ngesitfunti nangemalungelo. Baphiwe ingcondvo nekucondza kanye nanembeza ngakoke bafanele batiphatse nekutsi baphatse nalabanye ngemoya webuzalwane.
Wonkhe umuntfu uvumelekile kuwo onkhe emalungelo netinkhululeko letibhalwe lapha kuleSimemetelo, ngaphandle kokubandlululwa noma nganguyiphi indlela, njengokutsi lowo muntfu akafanele abandlululwe ngenca yebuve, yembala, yebulili, yelulwimi, yelukholo, yembusave noma‐ke ngabe nganguwuphi umbono lakholelwa kuwo, buve bakhe noma umphakatsi laphuma kuwo, imphahla lanayo, kutalwa noma nalokunye lokumayelana nesikhundla saloyo muntfu.
Ngetulu kwaloko, kute lubandlululo lolungentiwa lususelwa kutembusave, kuletiphatselene nemandla etikhundla, noma‐ke kuletiphatselene nesikhundla (noma lizinga) lelolive lelikuso nalicatsaniswa nalamanye emave emhlaba wonkhe jikelele, noma‐ke kubukwe live noma sifundza lapho lomuntfu achamuka khona, noma lelolive lite mazibuse, noma lelolive linetimali, noma lelolive lite mazibuse, noma‐ke linaleminye imininingwane lekhubatako lemayelana nekutibusa.
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokuphila, lokukhululeka nekutibusela kanye nekuphepha kwakhe.
Kute namunye umuntfu lotawuphatfwa njengesigcila noma asetjentiswe njengesigcila, bugcila kanye nemsebenti wekutsengiselana ngetigcila wona‐ke awukavunyelwa noma ngabe wentiwa ngaluphi luhlobo.
Kute namunye umuntfu longaphatfwa ngekuvisa buhlungu noma aphatfwe ngelunya, noma ngendlela lengenabo buntfu noma ngekumehlisa sitfunti noma ngekumjezisa.
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lekutsi abonakale kuyo yonkhe indzawo atsatfwe njengentfo lehamba embili kunemtsetfo.
Bonkhe bantfu bayalingana embikwemtsetfo kantsi banelilungelo lekuvikeleka ngaphansi kwemtsetfo ngaphandle kokubandlululwa. Bonkhe banelilungelo lelifananako ekuvikelekeni nasekubandlululweni lokwephula leSimemetelo, kantsi futsi‐ke bavikelekile noma ngabe ngukutiphi tindlela letingasetjentiswa tekubayenga kantsi tibe tibandlulula.
Wonkhe muntfu unelilungelo lokutfola likhambi lelinemiphumela lebonakalako lelinganikwa libandla lelinelikhono ekutsetseni emacala esive ikakhulu emacaleni laphatselene netento tebudlova ekuphuleni emalungelweni lasisekelo lanawo lomuntfu, anawo ngekwemtsetfo‐mgogodla walelolive nemitsetfo yakhona.
Kute noma ngabe munye umuntfu longaboshwa noma ngayiphi indlela, noma abanjwe noma adzingiswe.
Wonkhe umuntfu uvumelekile kutsi atfole kuviwa lokulinganako nalokufananako kantsi futsi lokungakhetsi uma lowo muntfu atekiswa licala; lelicala kufanele alitekiswe libandla lekutsetsa emacala lelingenako kukhetsa, ikakhulu uma lelibandla lizama kuncuma mayelana nemalungelo kanye netibopho takhe lomuntfu, nanoma‐ke lomuntfu atsetsiswa emacala lamabi kakhulu lamangalelwe wona.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu lobekwe licala leliphatselene nekujeziswa, lowo muntfu unelilungelo lekutsi acatjangwe njengemuntfu lomsulwa kuze kube nesiciniseko sekutsi unalo lelicala ngalokusemtsetfweni uma ngabe lomuntfu atsetsiwa lelicala phambi kwebantfu, lapho anikwe siciniseko sekutsi konkhe lokumcoka ekutivikeleni kwakhe lokuvunyelwene ngako kuyentiwa.
2. Kute umuntfu loyawubekwa licala lelihambelana nekujeziswa uma ngabe wente sento noma ngoba aphutse kwenta sento lesitsite lesingahambelani nekujeziswa, ngaphansi kwemtsetfo wesive newemave onkhe ngesikhatsi lomuntfu enta lesento noma angakasenti lesento. Kute futsi umuntfu longanika lomuntfu inhlawulo lematima leyendlula lenhlawulo lelayifanele anikwe yona ngalesosikhatsi uma lomuntfu enta lelo licala lelaliphatselene nekujeziswa.
Kute umuntfu longahlala njalo ahlushwa ngalokungekho emtsetfweni ahlushwa ngoba bantfu bangena tindzaba takhe letingesito tawonkhewonkhe, bangene tindzaba temndeni wakhe, telikhaya lakhe, noma ngekumbalela, noma‐ke ngekumsukela bahlambalaze bucotfo nesimilo salomuntfu kanye neligama lelihle lalomuntfu. Wonkhe umuntfu unalo lilungelo lekuvikeleka ngaphansi kwemtsetfo lobhekene nebantfu labatsandza kungena tindzaba talabanye noma‐ke labo labatsandza kuhlasela basukele labanye.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo nenkhululeko yekuhamba noma kunyakata nekuhlala ngekhatsi kwemcele wakulelo nalelo live.
2. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lekuphuma noma lekushiya noma nganguliphi live, kufake ekhatsi live lakhe latalwa kulo, nekutsi‐ke unelilungelo lekubuyela eveni lakhe.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu uvumelekile kuyocela kukhosela nekutfola injabulo kulamanye emave nakabalekela kuhlushwa noma inhlupheko.
2. Lelilunglo lokuncengela noma lokucela kuyohlala kulelinye live ngeke lisetjentiswe uma ngabe lenhlupheko lecosha lomuntfu akusiyo inhlupheko lesuselwa emacaleni etembusave, noma‐ke uma ngabe lenhlupheko idalwe ngemacala ekuphula imigomo nemitsetfo yaMhlabuhlangene.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lebuve.
2. Kute umuntfu longemukwa buve bakhe nobe afuna kubugucula.
1. Bantfu besilisa nebesifazane lasebakhulile bafika emnyakeni logcwele, ngaphandle kwetivimbelo letisuselwa ekutseni lomuntfu wasive sini, nekutsi usive sini noma‐ke ukholwaphi, unelilungelo lokushada acale umndeni. Laba labashadile banemalungelo lalinganako nalafananako kulomshado, ngesikhatsi bahlalisana basashadile, noma‐ke ngesikhatsi sewupheliswa lomshado.
2. Umshado uyangenelwa kuphela uma ngabe labobantfu bakhululekile kantsi futsi banemvume yabo lephelele yekushada lomuntfu labamshadako.
3. Umndeni yinhlangano yemvelo nesisekelo lesiyintfo leyodvwa leyakha noma leyenta umphakatsi, umndeni‐ke unelilungelo lokulondvolotwa ngumphakatsi kanye nelive.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokuba nemphahla lengeyakhe yedvwa abe futsi nemphahla layihlanganyele nalabanye.
2. Kute umuntfu longemukwa imphahla yakhe ngalokungekho emtsetfweni.
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lenkhululeko yengcondvo, yanembeza kanye neyelukholo; lelilungelo lifaka ekhatsi inkhululeko yekushintja lukholo noma inkholo, nenkhululeko, noma uyedvwa lowo muntfu noma usemphakatsini nalabanye, ekusitsekeni noma embikwebantfu, lowo muntfu uvumelekile kubonakalisa lukholo lwakhe noma inkholo yakhe ekufundziseni, enkonzweni nasekugcineni imitsetfo yekukholwa nekusontsa kwakhe.
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokukhuluma imibono yakhe ngenkhululeko nekukhuluma loku lafuna kukukhuluma; lelilungelo lifaka ekhatsi inkhululeko yekukholelwa emicondvweni letsite ngaphandle kokuphatanyiswa ngekufuna nekutfola nekusakata imibiko kanye nemicondvo noma ngabe ngangukuwuphi umsakato losakata tindzaba utisakata noma ngabe ngukuwuphi umncele.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lenkhululeko lokuba senhlanganweni noma embutfwaneni lonekuthula
2. Kute umuntfu longaphocelelwa kutsi abe lilunga lanoma ngabe nguyiphi inhlangano.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokuhlanganyela kuhulumende welive lakhe akwente loko ngekuba lilunga noma‐ke ngekukhetsa ngenkhululeko emalunga langammelela.
2. Wonkhe umuntfu uvumelekile noma unemalungelo lafananako nalalinganako ekusebentiseni tintfo letikhona letingasetjentiswa eveni lakhe.
3. Intsandvo yebantfu ngiyo sisekelo lesinika emandla noma ligunya emandla ahulumende; loku kufanele kushiwo ngetikhatsi letitsite nangesikhatsi selukhetfo lolungilo; lolukhetfo‐ke lona lufanele lwentiwe ngumuntfu wonkhe lapho emalungelo ekuvota entiwe ngemfihlo ngekubhala emapheshaneni, noma‐ke ngalenye indlela yekuvota lenenkhululeko nalelandzela imitsetfo yakhona yekuvota.
Wonkhe umuntfu, njengelilunga lemphakatsi, unelilungelo lekuvikeleka emphakatsini nekutsi uvumelekile ekuboneni, ngekusebentisa imitamo leyentiwa live kanye nemave emhlaba ekuhlanganyeleni nangekulandzela imitsetfo yenhlangano kanye nemnotfo walelo nalelo live, kutemnotfo, netintfo letimayelana nekuhlalisana kahle kwebantfu emphakatsini, kanye‐ke nemalungelo emasiko nemisimeto lokunguwona anika lowomuntfu sitfunti sakhe nenkhululeko yekutfutfukisa bunguye nebuntfu bakhe.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokusebenta, asebente umsebenti latikhetsele wona ngenkhululeko, asebente endzaweni lelungile nalefanele nalesitanako ekwenteni lomsebenti, nekuvikeleka ekuhlaleni ngoba umuntfu angenawo umsebenti.
2. Wonkhe umuntfu, ngaphandle kokubandlulula, unelilungelo lekutfola liholo lelilinganako nemsebenti lawentako.
3. Wonkhe umuntfu losebentako unelilungelo ngalokuvumelekile emtsetfweni nekutsi atfole umholo lokahle lonika siciniseko sekutsi yena kanye nemndeni wakhe bangahlala baphile imphilo lefanele, lenika sitfunti kumuntfu, nekutsi ibe nekuchitjelwa, uma kunesidzingeko, ichitjelwa nguletinye tintfo letiletsa inhlalakahle nekuvikeleka kulowo mphakatsi.
4. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lekucala noma lekungena enhlanganweni yetisebenti kuze kuvikeleke iminako yakhe.
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokuphumula atsatse likhefu nekutsi ente tintfo letimjabulisako, lokufaka ekhatsi kuncishiswa kwesikhatsi sekusebenta ngekusebenta ema‐awa lalingene, noma‐ke ngekunikwa sikhatsi semaholideyi kepha abe abhadalwa lomuntfu lotsetse sikhatsi semaholideyi
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokuhlala kahle, ahlale ezingeni lelinetisako nalelifanele kutsi kuhlale bantfu labaphilile emtimbeni, ahlale kahle lomuntfu kanye nemdeni wakhe, kufake ekhatsi kudla, tintfo tekugcoka, tintfo tasendlini kanye netintfo tekunakekela imphilo, naletinye tintfo letitfolakala emphakatsini letingasetjentiswa, nekutsi‐ke lomuntfu unalo lilungelo lokuhlala aphephile noma ngabe akanawo umsebenti, ngesikhatsi sekugula, ngesikhatsi asakhubatekile, nasagugile noma‐ke asate tintfo tekumphilisa ngendzaba yesimo latifica asakuso langeke akwati kusivimbela yena ngekwakhe.
2. Bumake nebuntfwana buvumelekile kutsi butfole lusito lolutsite kanye nekunakekeleka. Bonkhe bantfwana, noma batalwe batali sebashadile kanye nalabo labatalwa ngaphandle kwemshado, bafanele batfokotele imphilo nenhlalo kantsi futsi baphindze baphatfwe bavikelwe njengawo wonkhe umuntfu lokulowo mphakatsi.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lekufinyelela emfundvweni. Imfundvo ifanele ingabhadalelwa, ikakhulu eminyakeni lesephansi nasetigabeni letitisekelo. Imfundvo yalabancane ifanele yentiwe ibe sibopho kwekutsi itfolwe nguwonkhe wonkhe. Imfundvo lefaka kuceceshwa ekhatsi nalena lefaka I‐thekhinoloji (kusetjentiswa kwemishini emsebentini) kufanele kutsi itfolakale ngalokuvamile, nemfundvo lephakeme nayo‐ke ifanele itfolakale, bonkhe bafinyelele kuyo ngoba bafanele kufinyelela kuyo.
2. Imfundvo ifanele icondziswe ekutfutfukiseni buntfu bonkhe bemuntfu, nasekuciniseni ekuhlonipheni emalungelo ebuntfu kanye nenkhululeko lesisekelo. Ifanele ichubele embili kuva nekucondza, kubeketela nebuhlobo bebungane phakatsi kwato tonkhe tive, emabandla etive newelukholo, kantsi futsi bafanele bachube umsebenti waMhlabuhlangene kuze kutfolakale kuthula nelucolo.
3. Batali banelilungelo lelihamba embili ekukhetseni luhlobo lwemfundvo labafuna ifundziswe bantfwa babo.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lokuhlanganyelwa ngekukhululeka emphilweni yemasiko nemisimeto emphakatsi wakhe, atijabulise atfokotele imisebenti yebuciko abuye futsi ahlanganyele abelane entfutfukweni leyiletfwa ngutesayensi abuye futsi ahlanganyele abelane ngelusito nangetinzuzo letiphuma noma letitfolakala kuyo.
2. Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lekuvikela bucotfo nemphahla layitsandzako nalayinakako lephuma noma nganguyiphi isayensi, noma nganguluphi luhlobo lwalokubhaliwe ngebungcweti kubhalwe noma kwentiwe ngulowo muntfu.
Wonkhe umuntfu uvumelekile kutsi ahlale imphilo lehlalwa bantfu bonkhe, nangendlela lehlalwa bantfu bonkhe emaveni etive ngetive lapho khona emalungelo nenkhululeko atfolakala entiwa khona njengoba abhalwe lapha kuleSimemetelo.
1. Wonkhe umuntfu unesibopho emphakatsini lapho kukhula, kukhululeka nekutfutfuka kwebuntfu bakhe lowo muntfu kwentekele lowo mphakatsi.
2. Ekusebentiseni emalungelo akhe nenkhululeko yakhe lomuntfu, wonkhe umuntfu ufanele awasebentise emalungelo akhe ngaphandle kokudzelela nekungahloniphi emalungelo nenkhululeko yalomunye umuntfu ngoba onkhe emalungelo nenkhululeko yebantfu kufanele kuvikeleke ngekuwavuma, kuwatisa nekuwahlonipha lawo malungelo nenkhululeko yalabanye, nekutsi afike ezingeni lelitsite letintfo leliwanika bucotfo, indlela yekuhlala ngekwemtsetfo emphakatsini lobuswa ngendlela yelinyenti.
3. Lamalungelo nalenkhululeko akufanele kusetjentiswe ngendlela lephambene nemitsetfo netisusa takaMhlabuhlangene.
Kute kuleSimemetelo lokungachazwa ngendlela yekutsi lemitsetfo yentelwe noma ishayelwe emave latsite, noma emacembu latsite, noma umuntfu lotsite, kodvwa‐ke bonkhe labantfu abanalo lilungelo lekutifaka emsebentini noma entfweni nome bente sento lesitsite basenta ngoba bacondze kubulala noma nganguliphi lemalungelo netinkhululeko lokubhalwe ngato kuleliphepha.


text:
Bunkondlo
Bunkondlo (ngesíNgísi: poetry). Lobu buciko bekuhlanganisa emagama kute loko lokushoko kuvakale ngendlela lemnandzi ibe ifundzisa. Bunkondlo behluke kuleminye imibhalo ngekutsi bona buhamba ngephethini, bunesigci losivako.
Tinkondlo temdzabu[hlela | edit source]
Leti tinkondlo tebuciko bemaswati, umsuka nemlandvo wato usesiveni semaswati.
Tibongo[hlela | edit source]
Tinanatelo[hlela | edit source]
vakashela Tinanatelo tichazwa ngalokujulile
Tinanatelo tifana netibongo kepha tinanatelo tiba temndeni wonkhe, kutsatfwa mhlawumbe tibongo takhokho lomkhulu, kuphindze kufakwe ekhatsi netihlabani takuleso sibongo.
Tinanatelo tichaza ngemsuka waleso sibongo, kutsi basukaphi, kubani, njani, nini futsi nebuchawe babo.
Sibonelo: nawunanatela bakaDlamini utsi: "nine lenacedza lubombo ngekuhlehletela".
Loku kufakatela inkhulumo letsi bachamuka enyakatfo bahlala dvute nemaThonga ngenca yekucabana bakhwela lubombo solo bahlehla badzimate befika eSwatini.
Emahubo / Umgubho[hlela | edit source]
Umgubho yinkhondlo lehlatjelwako, yinkhondlo letsintsa sive sonkhe.


text:
Stimela Semalahle
Stimela Semalahle Nga Bhimbidvwane ngeminyaka wango 1876 Inkapani Yetitimela yase Natal lebeyatiwa ngekutsi i''Natal Railway Company'' yatfola sitimela sayo sekugcina , lesitimela besiselithange senesilinganiso semasondvo langu 4-4-0 , besakhiwe i Kitson and Company saphindze setsiwa ligama sabitwa nge nguMphikileli kumbe ngesingisi i Perseverance . ngembi kwekutsi tonke tinsita temphakatsi kanye nemafa alenkapani atsatfwe mbuso weColony of Natal i Natal Government Railways yabese iyasungulwa.[1]
Sakhiwo[hlela | edit source]
lesi sesitsatfu siphindze sibe sekugcina sitimela kutsi sisetjntiswe umbuso we Natali besi ne Template:Nowrap selithange lenjini. sakhiwa inkapani lebitwa ngekutsi yi Kitson and Company lebeyinetisebenti letingu 2037. lesitimela safika e Durban mhlaka 11 Bhimbidvwane 1876 besikadze silayishwe sikebhe Parthenia,kwatsi emhlanganweni wetikhulu betiphetse mhlaka 2 Indlovulekulu 1876 kwabese kuncunywa kutsi sitawubitwa ngekutsi ngumphikeleli kumbe Perseverancenjengobe besatiwa ngelulwimi lwesingisi.[2][3]
letinye tetitimela[hlela | edit source]
ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi kubese kuyatfolakala kutsi inkapani i Trinidad Government Railway yase Trinidad nakhona bebanaso sitimela lesifana nalesi. intfo nje lebeyibukeka imehluko kuto totibili letitimela bekubukhulu belithange lemanti. i Perseverance beyinelithange lelincane lemanti lemtsamo longanga Template:Convert, kutsi lesi sona sase Trinidad sibe nelithange lelikhudlwane phambili lebekungumtsamo longu Template:Convert.[4]
kutse ngekuhamba kweminyaka i Perseverance yabese iyafa yaba tindzala kudvwa lesi sase Trinidad sabekwa njenge ligugu lesive e Harris Promenade e San Fernando.
kusebenta[hlela | edit source]
Ngemnyaka wa 25 Bhimbidvwane 1867 lesi sekucala Template:Convert sitimeala besihamba emkhatsini wase Durban kanye nase Point station khona e Durban lapho besisebenta nekutfwala imphala lefika ngelwandle, kantsi futsi lomzila waso ubese uyakhuliswa wayophelela Template:Convert e Umgeni, lapho khona ematje etinkwali bekatsatfwa ayiswe etikibheni. emva kwekungasasebenti kwaso lesitimela , kute leminye imitamo leyentiwa kutsi tiphindze tichubekele embili letitimela taloluhlobo.[5]
ngaphandle kweligama laso , lesitimela asimange sisentjentiswe sikhatsi lesidze. ngemnyaka ngembi kwekutsi siletfwe tonke tinsitancanti kanye nemafa kufaka phakatsi naletinye titimela letintsatfu tatsatfwa enkapanini i Natal Railway Company, ngu Hulumede we Natal Colonial Government, lobese usungula inkapani leyabitwa ngekutsi yi Natal Government Railways nga Bhimbidvwane 1877. kusukela lapho lohulumende ubese uncuma kucala iCape gauge, kuhambisana kanye netitimela lebetisebenta e Cape of Good Hope, kuphindze kwandziswe nabo janji phakatsi kwe Kapa nePietermaritzburg, kuyofinyelela e Verulam kuphindze kwehlwe kuyiwe eSiphingo, labojanji labebakhona e Durban babese balinganiswa nelizinga lalabaseKapa , ngulapho leti letinye titimela tase Durban tagcina khona kusentjetiswa.[1][5]
I Natal yabese itsengiselwa imlimi lotsite , kwase kutsi i Perseverance yaguculwa yentiwa mashendisi wenkapani lencane lebeyisebenta ngashukela khona e Durban, yabese iyakhishwa emsebentini nga 1877. lena yesibili yona yagcinwa emsebentini, kodvwa i saddle-tank engine of 1865, yabese iyitfumela ekapa yayosebentela khona yaphindze yafela khona .[4][1]
Phindza futsi ubone[hlela | edit source]
emaRefence[hlela | edit source]
Template:Commons category multi
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
tag; no text was provided for refs named
Holland_1
- ↑ The Natal Mercury of 12 January 1876.
- ↑ Natal Railway Company, Minutes of Directors’ Meetings, Vol.3, 1873-1877, National Archives, Pietermaritzburg.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
tag; no text was provided for refs named
Dulez_150
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 The South African Railways - Historical Survey (Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd, Circa 1978, pp. 5-8.)


text:
Umbuso weSwatini
Umbuso weSwatini (kaNgwane, eSwatini), live lesiseningizimu nelivekati lase Afrika. Live lakaNgwane lincane ngebubanti, kantsi likakwe live lase Ningizimu Afrika enyakatfo, ngentansi, nangasenshonalanga. Emphumalanga likakwe live laseMozambique. Bukhulu belive lakaNgwane litinkhulungwane letilishumi nesikhombisa, emakhulu lamatsatfu, emashumi lasitfupha nalamane ema km2 (17,364). Noma lingalikhulu kangako, lelive lihluka ngetigaba letine tekwakheka kwemhlaba. Leti tatiwa ngekutsi yinkhangala, lihlandze, tintsaba telubombo, kanye nenkhabave.
Live laseSwatini libitwa ngaleligama, ngenca yeNgwenyama Mswati II lobekalibusa lelive kusukela nga 1840 kuze kube ngu 1868. Ekubuseni kwakhe, lelive walincoba, wabuye walihlanganisa. Njengalamanye emave aseAfrika, live lakaNgwane labuswa ngulabamhlophe. Kwatsi nasekwendlule impi yemaBhunu nemaNgisi eNingizimu Afrika, live laseSwatini labuswa ngemaNgisi kwaze kwaba ngu 1968. Emvakwaloko, labese litfola inkhululeko. Lamuhla live lakaNgwane linebukhosi, liphetfwe yiNgwenyama Mswati III kanye neNdlovukati Ntfombi Tfwala. Hulumende welive ubukwe ngundvuna nkhulu lobekwa Silo. Inhlokodolobha yakaNgwane kuseMbabane, kantsi sigodlo nephalamende yelive kukaLobamba. Lidolobha lelikhulu kukaManzini.
Kwetemnotfo, laseSwatini libonywa lilive lelisatfutfuka. Nakubukwa umnotfo wemuntfu amunye lawutfola emnyake, kubalwa imali lenganga $6,367. Liyatimbandzakanya nalamanye emave eticuketfweni letinjenge Southern African Customs Union(SACU) kanye neCOMESA. Liyaye litsengiselane tintfo letinyenti nemave lanjenge Melika, emave lase Europe, kwanye neNingizimu Afrika. Empeleni, nemali yakaNgwane, lilangeni limisane kanye nemali yaseNingizimu Afrika, liRandi.
Bantfu bakaNgwane, linengi labo ngeMaswati, kubuye kube nalabambalwa labaphunga ngaphandle. Bantfu eveni lakaNgwane babalelwa esigidzini sinye, tinkhulungwane letingemashumi nelushiyagalombili, emakhulu lamane, emashumi lamane kanye nemfica (1,018,449), inombolo leyatsatfwa esibalweni semnyaka wa 2009.
Lokucuketfwe
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Live lakaNgwane kusukela endvulo belinebantfu labebahlale kulo. Loku kubonakaliswa yimidvwebo lemidzala, isolelwa kutsi yentiwa ngeminyaka yabo 25,000 BC. Lemidvwebo lesematjeni itfolakala etindzaweni letehlukahlukene eveni.
Bantfu lebebahlala kulelive endvulo bekungema Khoisan, lebatiwa kutsi batingeli. Kwatsi ngemuva kwesikhatsi lesidze, labatingeli basuswa nguletinye tive letichamuka ngenhla, etindzaweni letinjengabo Tanzania nabo Kenya lamuhla. Labantfu laba bekubeNguni nebaSutfu, kutsiwa bangena kulelive ngemnyaka wa 400 AD. EmaSwati lebekwatiwa ngekutsi bakaNgwane, bachamuka le kaTembe, bangena kulelive ngeminyaka yabo 1700. Labantfu bakaNgwane bebaholwa nguNgwane wesitsatfu nabafika eShiselweni. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1815, inkhosi Somhlolo yatsatsa bukhosi. Ngalesi sikhatsi bekunebuvunguvungu eveni, ngenca yetimphi nebakaNdwandwe. Kwatsi kulesikhatsi, Somhlolo wasuka eShiselweni wabese wakha sigodlo sakhe kaZombodze losenkhabave. Ngaleyondlela, wakhona kutsi ativikele ekuhlaselweni tive temaZulu netive takaNdwandwe.
Live lakaNgwane lamuhla latiwa ngekutsi kuseSwatini. Loku kungenca yenkhosi Mswati wesibili, lobekabusa lelive kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1840 kuze kube ngu 1868. Mswati bekatiwa njengenkhosi lebeyilwa timphi letinengi. Ngaphansi kwakhe, live laseSwatini landza labuya lahlangana laba munye. LamaSwati emdzabu leta nemakhosi akaDlamini, aba mdzibi munye nemaSwati lakhandvwa kulelive, lekwatiwa kutsi ngemakhandzambili, kanye nemaSwati lafika ngemuva.
Kufika kwalabamhlophe evenikati leningizimu Afrika, kwalitsintsa live lakaNgwane, nebantfu balo. EmaNgisi akuhlonipha kutiphatsa kwemaSwati ngemnyaka wa 1881, ngesikhatsi letinye tive temaAfrika betincotjwa ngalapha nangalapha. Loku kutiphatsa kwabuye kwagcizelelwa ngemnyaka wa 1884 emkhatsisini wemaSwati, emaNgisi, kanye nemaBhunu. Kwatsi ngemnyaka wa 1894, live lakaNgwane labekwa ngephansi kwelive lemaBhunu, kwodvwa abazange babe nahulumende lophelele. Loku kwagcina ngemnyaka wa 1899 lapho khona kwabhoboka imphi emkhatsisini wemaNgisi nemaBhunu. Naseyengcile lenamphi, nemaNgisi sekancobile, live lakaNgwane laba ngephansi kwemaNgisi kusukela nga 1903 kuze kube ngu 1968, nalitfola inkhululeko.
Kwatsi live lakaNgwane selitfole inkhululeko, laba nahulumende loholwa yinkhosi yelive Sobhuza wesibili, asekelwa yiphalamende. Lena phalamende beyikhetfwa elukhatfweni lebelubanjwa njalo emvakweminyaka lesihlanu. loku kwachubeka kwaze kwafika umnyaka wa 1973 lapho silo sawucitsa umtsetfo sisekelo, sabusa sodvwa. Kwaze kwaba ngu 1978 lapho khona kwaba nelukhetfo lobelusebentisa indlela lensha yetinkhundla. Inkhosi Sobhuza yakhotsama ngemnyaka wa 1982. Kwatsi ngekukhotsama kwembube, indlovukati Dzeliwe yabese iyabusa imele kutsi kufike sikhatsi sekukhetfwa nebubekwa kwenkhosi lensha. Lokubusa kwaDzeliwe kwaba kufisha ngenca yemphikisano lebeyenteka ebandleni leliphakeme, lelatiwa ngekutsi liqoqo. Leli libandla beliholwa ngumntfwanenkhosi Sozisa. Dzeliwe wakhweshiswa esihlalweni, kwabekwa inkhosikati laTfwala. Makhosetive, lebekungumntfwana loyedvwa walaTfwala, wabese utsatsa bukhosi nga 1986. Nakatsatsa bukhosi wabese watiwa ngekhutsi nguMswati wesitsatfu (Mswati III).
Mayelana neSwatini[hlela | edit source]
- Siga sesive :Siyinqaba.
- Lihubo lesive: Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati.
- Inhlokodolobha:
- Linani leBantfu eMbabane: 70.000 (2003).
- 26°19' S 31°8' E.
- Bomakhelwane: iMozambikhi, IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika.
- Tilwimi letisemtsetfweni:
- INgwenyama: Mswati III.
- Indovuzaki: Ntfombi.
- Mengamli: Themba Dlamini.
- 17.363 Km2.
- Linani leBantfu: 1.104.343 (2001).
- 65 bantfu/km2.
- PIB: 5.646.000.000 USD (2005).
- Lilangeni.
- Likhodi Le-inthanethi: ".sz".
Lihubo lesive[hlela | edit source]
- Nkulunkulu, mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati,
- Síyatibonga tonkhe tinhlanhla;
- Sibonga iNgwenyama yetfu,
- Live, netintsaba, nemifula.
- Busisa tiphatsimandla takaNgwane;
- Nguwe wedvwa Somandla wetfu.
- Sinike kuhlakanipha lokungenabucili;
- Simise, usicinise, Simakadze.
Tifundza takaNgwane[hlela | edit source]
ISwatini inetifundza letine: Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni. Batehlukanisa ngetinkhundla (55), batehlukanisa ngemiphakatsi.
Emadolôbha[hlela | edit source]
Bantfu (2005):
- Lobamba (ngwenyama): 4.557.
- ÉMbábáne: 70.000 (2003).
- Manzini: 73.000 (2003).
- Nhlangano: 9.016.
- Siteki: 6.152.
- Big Bend: 10.342.
- Malkerns: 9.724.
- Mhlume: 8.652.
- Hluti: 6.763.
- Simunye: 6.512.
- Pigg's Peak: 5.750.
- Ngomane: 4.511.
EmaSwati[hlela | edit source]
Tilwimi[hlela | edit source]
Kune tilwimi:
- siSwati (letisemtsetfweni).
- síNgísi (letisemtsetfweni).
- síZulu. kúkhulúma: 76.000 bantfu.
- síTsonga. kúkhulúma: 19.000 bantfu.
Lilangeni[hlela | edit source]
- 1 Lilangeni = 100 Cents.
- Cents: 1c, 2c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, 100c.
- Emalangeni: 1L, 2E, 5E, 10E, 20E, 50E, 100E, 200E.
- ISO: SZL.
- 1 Euro = 7,05 SZL (2007).
- 1 USD = 9,54 SZL (2007).
Kufuna[hlela | edit source]
Kubopha[hlela | edit source]
- Umbuso weSwatini iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- CIA: Umbuso weSwatini (síNgísi),
- Sawubona Umbuso weSwatini (síNgísi).
- Umbuso weSwatini (news) (síNgísi).
- Umbuso weSwatini iwebhusayithi (news) (síNgísi).
- Youngheroes: Umbuso weSwatini & AIDS.


text:
Indlu yeSatyagraha
Indlu yeSatyagraha, leyatiwa pheceleti ngekutsi ngumuti wa Gandhi, iyindlu yemlandvo kantsi iphindze ibe yindlu yetivakashi. Lendlu itfolakala eJozi kantsi ngulapho bekahlala aphindze asebentele khona Mahatma Gandhi kanye nemndeni wakhe kusukela eminyakeni yangabo 1908 kuya ku 1909.Nyalo lendlu ibhaliswe njengalinye lebalulekile emlandvweni kanye nakumagugu esive asendzaweni yase Jozi. Satyagraha kuchaza kuhlala ungasuki ecinisweni. Kantsi lendlu yadvwetjwa yaphindze yakhiwa sati ngetakhiwo umnumzane Hermann Kallenbach kantsi naye Herman Kallenbach bekaphindze ahlala khona kulendlu kanye nabo Gandhi.
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Gandhi wacitsa iminyaka lengu 21 eNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngo 1893 kuya ku 1914,kodvwa kuso sona leso sikhatsi bekavakashela eNdiya kanye nase UK. Kutsiwa Gandhi wati ngelibandlululo uma aboshwa ngemaphoyisa estimeleni kutsi ugebele endzaweni yalabamhlophe. [1]
ngo 1904, Gandhi wahlanganga na Hermann Kallenbach, lijuta laseJalimane lebelifike e Ningizimu Afrika ngo 1896. ngo 1907 Kallenbach wabese udvweba lendlu wayihlela kutsi ibe ngemaguma lamabili,lokusakhiwo lebesifana naletinyenti takhiwo tasemakhaya taborantabula. [2] Naloku besifana nesakhiwo sasemakhaya, waphindze wasebentisa tindlela tekwakha taseyurobhu. Babese bayibita ngekutsi "Sibaya" lendlu.
Lendlu beyinetitebula kanye nendzawo yekudlala umphebeto, bobabili bebaphila impilo yekutingcwelisa nekungahlanganyeli eminakweli yelive. Gandhi bekalala endzaweni lesetulu lapho bekagibela khona ngesitepisi, kodvwa bobabili bana Kallenbach bebasebentisa indzawo yekuphekela kanye kanye. lendlu beyite iminyango leyakulamanye emagumbi kodvwa bekufanele umuntfu aphume egumbini lelinye kuya kulelinye. Impilo ya Kallenbach yagucuka impela nakahlala na Gandhi imali lebekayisebentisa yabayincane kakhulu ngenca yekutsi impilo yakhe beyingasancikanga emalini. Ngaphambi kwekutsi lendlu itsengwe ngemnyaka wa 2009 inkapani i French travel company Voyageurs du Monde , lenye yetinkapani tembuso weNdiya beyifuna kuyigucula iyente indlu yemasiko elive laseNdiya kodvwa inkapani yaseFrance yayiwina enkantolo yabese iyayivuselela yayenta umtapo wemagugu kanye nendlu yetivakashi ngemnyaka wa 2011. Umphatsi walendlu lokhona nyalo ngu Lauren Segal.[3][4]
Tichumaniso[hlela | edit source]
- ↑ Gandhi History in South Africa, accessed 18 June 2013
- ↑ "Hermann Kallenbach", Artefacts.co.za, accessed 18 June 2013
- ↑ http://www.gauteng.net/attractions/entry/satyagraha_house1/
- ↑ http://www.safarinow.com/go/SatyagrahaHouseOrchards


text:
Mswati III
Mswati III yiNgwenyama yeMbuso wakaNgwane (25 Mabasa 1986). Ingwenyama Mswati yatalwa yatiwa ngekutsi ngumntfwanenkhosi Makhosetive esibhedlela sase RFM kaManzini. Wakhulela emtini webukhosi Etjeni madvutane naseMasundvwini. Babe weNgwenyama bekuyiNkhosi Sobhuza II, kantsi make wakhe bekuyinkhosikati laTfwala. Imbube yemhlaba yacala imfundvo yayo esikolweni saseMasunvwini, emuva kwaloko safundza emtini webukhosi kaLozitha. Mswati wabese uwela tilwandle wayowufundza eNgilandi esikolweni sase Sherborne e Dorset eningizimu yelive. Watsi nakabuya nga 1986 wabutsatsa bukhosi watiwa ngekutsi nguMswati wesitsatfu.
Lokucuketfwe
kukhula[hlela | edit source]
Makhosetive watalwa yiNkhosikati laTfwala nenkhosi Sobhuza II mhla tilishumi nemfica enyangeni yaMabasa ngemnyaka wa-1968. Makhosetive wakhulela eTjeni lobekungumuti wenkhosi sobhuza II wase ungena esikolweni sasemaSundvwini kwatsi ngemuva kwaloko, wafundza esikolweni sasebukhosini kaLozitha. Kutsite nakufika sikhatsi sekutsi angene esikolweni semabanga lasetulu, Makhosetive wawela tilwandle wayofundza eNgilandi esikolweni saseSherborne edolobheni laseDorset.
Bukhosi[hlela | edit source]
Ngemnyaka wa-1982 ingwenyama Sobhuza II yakhotsama, Makhosetive wakhetfwa ke kutsi abe yindlalifa yeyise nga-1983. Ngaleso sikhatsi abeneminyaka lelishumi nakune. Nga-1983 wabese uyatfulwa esiveni Ngenyanga yeNyoni. Mhla tingemashumi lamabili nesihlanu kumabasa nga-1986 Makhosetive wabekwa waba yiNgwenyama yemaSwati wabe asanikwa libito laMswati wesitsatfu.
Emakhosikati[hlela | edit source]
Alishumi nesitsatfu:
- Inkhosikati LaMatsebula.
- Inkhosikati LaMotsa.
- Inkhosikati LaMbikiza (1986): Sibonelo Mngomezulu (16 íNhlaba 1969).
- Inkhosikati LaNgangaza: Carol Dlamini.
- Inkhosikati LaHwala: Putsoana Hwala (1974).
- Inkhosikati LaMagwaza: Delisa Magwaza (1974).
- Inkhosikati LaMasango (íNgci 2000): Senteni Masango (1981).
- Inkhosikati LaGija (íNkhwekhwéti 2002): Angel Dlamini.
- Inkhosikati LaMagongo (íNhlaba 2002): Nontsetselo Magongo.
- Inkhosikati LaMahlangu (Lídvúba 2002): Zena Soraya Mahlangu (1984).
- Inkhosikati LaNtentesa (26 íNkhwekhwéti 2005): Noliqhwa Ayanda Ntentesa (1981).
- Inkhosikati LaDube (11 íNhlaba 2005): Nothando Dube.
- Inkhosikati LaNkambule (14 Mábasa 2007): Phindile Nkambule.
Emaphovela[hlela | edit source]
Matsatfu:
- Colile Nosipho Magagula, Bhimbídvwane 2007.
- Sindiswa Dlamini, íNyoni 2013.
Bantfwana[hlela | edit source]
Bangemashumi lamabili nelisontfo bantfwana.
Tinsolo[hlela | edit source]
Mswati uletse tingucuko kupolitiki nasembusweni weSwatini kodvwa tingcapheli netinhlangano letifana ne People's United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO)[1] tikholewa kutsi letingucuko tekucinisa bukhosi bakhe kutsi abukeke kahle esiveni semaswati.[2] Kuya kwakhe emcimbini wendlovukati yemangisi lebeyatiwa ngekutsi i Diamond Jubilee yenta labanyenti bambuka ngeliso lelimbi impela ngenca yesimo sekuhlukunyetwa kwemalungelo ebantfu esiveni sakhe.[3]
Ingcebo yakhe[hlela | edit source]
betindzaba bamsola kakhulu Mswati ngendlela anjinge ngayo nangendlela asebentisa ngayo timali tembuso.[4] Loku kulandzela kutsi atsenge timoto teluhlobo leluphambili impela letibita ngetulu kwa $500,000 loku kufaka phakatsi nalemoto leyatiwa ngekutsi i Maybach yaka DaimlerChrysler ledvume ngekugitjelwa tingamula kuphela , tonke timoto takhe teluhlobo loluphambili tibalelwa ku 62 , loku kwente kutsi akwente kube semtsetfweni kuboshwa kwebantfu labatsatsa titfombe tetimoto takhe.[5] Ngekuya ngebakwa Forbes emnyakeni wa 2009 Mswati bekabalewa kutsi enamali lengu $200 emadola aseMelika lokumenta kutsi abewelishumi nesihlanu eluhlwini lwetinkosi letinjinge impela imhlabeni.[6] [7] NgaBhimbidvwane 2004 liphephandzaba le Times of Swaziland labika kutsi Inkosi icele umbuso kutsi ukhiphe tigidzi letingu $15 wemadola aseMelika ekuhlobiseni tigodlo takhe letintsatfu lapho kuhlala khona letinye tetindlovukati takhe letilishumi nakunye.[8] Ndvunankulu weSwatini wabese wenta sitatimende kutsi lendzaba kuleliphepha ayakhi futsi ingemanga laluhlata , wabese uyangeta watsi lemali lecelwe silo yekwakha tindlu tetinsita tesive letisihlanu hhayi tigodlo tebukhosi katsi futsi nalemali lebalwa nguleliphephandzaba ingemanga. Kutse ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ngaloyomnyaka takhiwa tindlu tetinsita sive letabita tigidzi letine.[9]
Emareferensi[hlela | edit source]
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ Daily Telegraph 18 May 2012 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/queen-elizabeth-II/9274690/King-of-Bahrain-lunches-with-Queen-as-human-rights-storm-rages.html
- ↑ King Mswati is Bankrupting Swaziland: Mornachy not for Africa!, Ole Africa
- ↑ Now only Mswati owns a Maybach!, City Press, 25 January 2009
- ↑ http://www.therichest.com/celebnetworth/politician/royal/king-mswati-iii-net-worth/
- ↑ http://www.times.co.sz/news/92235-king-doesn%E2%80%99t-have-us-200-million.html
- ↑ http://allafrica.com/stories/201310142652.html
- ↑ Swazi king gets go ahead for wives' palaces; 25 July 2004; Independent Online


text:
Nyawo, Sonene.
Abstract:
Lona ngumbiko ngelucwaningo lolwentiwe ngalendzabakati yekufika
kweLivangeli eSwatini, liletfwa belumbi labamhlophe lababetitfunywa teliVangeli laMvelinchanti. Kulandzela sembulo inkhosi Somhlolo leyabanaso sivela enkhosini vase Zulwini, titfunywa teliVangeli tatseleka eSwatini ngekumenywa yinkhosi Mswati wesibili. Emkhatsini wato kwakukhona Nkosazana Malla Moe, umsunguli weLibandla LeVangeli eSwatini, lokunguyena lolucwaningo lugcile kakhulu kuye, asahambisa tindzaba taJesu emaSwatini emdzabu. Livetile leliphepha kutsi emaSwati atemukela ngelisasa lelikhulu titfunywa teliVangeli. Ngabe sizatfu lesimcoka lesenta loko kwabakutsi letitfunywa betibapha boshukela, netiswayi, nemasekeni? Cha, kwakujulule kunaloko. Imfihlakalo kwaba kutsi inkholo yemdzabu lecuketse emagugu enhlakanipho elukholo yayise iwuvukutile umhlaba wanotsa, walungelela kutsi lembewu yenkholo yebuKrestu nayi hlanyelwa ichume itsele titselo. EmaSwati abukhandza lobuyanga lobabuvetwa yinkholo yemdzabu bucedzeka ngoba bebusitfunti salokukhulu lokutako. Loko kwenta kutsi noma letitfunywa betinemaphutsa, lebetiwacondzile nalebetingakawacondzi, emaSwati atikhandza letitfunywa kutitja
letibutsakatsaka, kodwa letiphetse igolode. Ngekufundza tincwadzi emitapeni leyehlukeni, nanekufuna imivo yebantfu leyehlukene, kubekhona imicondvo letsite lolucwaningo loluyitfolile, leveta lentsambo letsekeleta letinkholo letimbili. Loko kube yinkhomba yekutsi emaSwati attkhandza emukelekile enkholweni yebuKrestu, ase ayayitsatsa lendzaba yeliVangeli yaba ngeyabo nabo. Konkhe loku lokungetulu, kucuketfwe ngemakhasi lasitfupha alolucwalingo. Lamakhasi acale etfule ingcikitsi yalolucwalingo, bese achaza ngalokufinciwe imvelaphi yesive semaSwati nekutsi sikuphi lamuhla, bese etfula inkholo yemdzabu netingoni tayo, kanye nekufika kwenkholo yebuKrestu. Emakhasi lamabili ekugcina atfula imivo yebantfu labehlukene ngebudlelwane emkhatsini waletinkholo letimbili bese ayasonga. Ngineletsemba kutsi lomcukutfu Iona utakuba lusito esiveni semaSwati, kulesitukulwane salamuhla nakusasa, ngoba uveta lolunye luhlangotsi olungenta kutsi liSwati Iibe neligcabho ngemvelaphi yalo, nangenkholo yalo yemdzabu. Futsi nemalunga elibandla leVangeli, kanye neKrestu onkhana atawukwati kutsi lelibandla lichamukaphi. Nalomunye asangachubeka acwalinge kutsi likuphi lamuhla liBandla leVangeli.


text:
SiSwati
siSwati (Isiswazi, Phuthi, Siswati, Siswazi, Swati, Swazi, Tekela, Tekeza, Thithiza, Yeyeza), lulwimi, lwemndeni wetilwimi tesi Nguni.
Lokucuketfwe
Emave lapho siSwati sisemtsetfweni khona[hlela | edit source]
khulunywa kwesiSwati[hlela | edit source]
1.706.924 bantfu labakhulúma siSwati:
- 1.013.193 baseNingizimu afrikha (1996).
- 650.000 baseSwatini (1993).
- 43.000 baseLusutfu (2002).
- 731 basMozambikhi (1980).
Kwakheka kwesiSwati[hlela | edit source]
Babhali nabahlahlela siSwati basehlukanisa ngalendlela:
- Luhlelo
Luhlelo lumayelana nekwakhiwa kwemisho kanye nemabito esiSwati.lapha kubukwaTingcetu tenkhulumo kanye nemitsetfo yato kute tente umusho lohlelekile wesiSwati.
- Imibhalo
Lapha kubukwa siSwati lesibhaliwe njengetinkondlo,tindzaba letimfishane, emanoveli, ema-Eseyikanye nemidlaloleyalhukene njengeyaseS'teji neyabomabonakhashane. Lokunye lokubukwako yindlela yekubhala lehlelekile nekusebentisa lulwimi lolungilo njengemabito enhlonipho kanye newemdzabu.
- Kusetjtentiswa kwelulwimi
Lesigaba ngiso lesinotsisa siSwati lapha kubukwa indleal lelungile yekusebentisa siSwati.
ISO[hlela | edit source]
- ISO 639-1: ss.
- ISO 639-2: ssw.
- ISO 639-3: ssw.
Kúfúna[hlela | edit source]
Kúbópha[hlela | edit source]
- siSwati Ethnologue iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- siSwati PanAfrican L10n iwebhusayithi (síNgísi).
- siSwati - síNgísi síchazamagâma.


text:
IJohannesburg
iJohannesburg lephindze yatiwe ngekutsi iJozi, iJoburg, eJoni, eGoli kumbe eJoeys, lebhalwa pheceleti njenge JHB, lidholobhakati lase Ningizimu Afrika. iJohannesburg iphindze ibe inhloko dholobha yesifundza se Gauteng, kantsi inotse kutengca tonke tifundza tase Ningizimu Afrika kanye nemadholobhakati asentasi nelivekati lase Afrika.[1] [2]lelidholobha liphindze libe ngilo lelikhulukati lelingakakhiwa eceleni nemfula kumbe lwandle.[3] . Imibani yelitulu ivamile kakhulu kushaya edholobheni lase Johannesburg. La kulelidholobha kuphindze kutfolakale inkantolo yesishayamtsetfo welive lase Ningizimu Afrika, lena ke inkantolo lenkulukati eveni lephindze ibe nelivi lekugcina etindzabeni temtsetfo welive. Igolide ne dayimane iyagutfwa etimayini takhona eJozi kantsi tintsaba takhona tinotsile ngawo lamatje eligugu.
i Johannesburg inetikhumulo temoya letibili letisentjetiswa tindiza kantsi lenkulukati iphindze ibe matasa e Afrika mpuma yonke iO.R. Tambo International Airport, kantsi yesibili kuba i Lanseria International Airport letfolakala enshonalanga neliJozi, kantsi naso lesikhumulo siyakhona kubamba umtsamo lomkhulu wetindiza kodvwa usetjentiselwa tindiza letincane.
Ngekwetibalo temphakatsi tango 2007, tibalo tebantfu labatfolakala e Johannesburg betibalelwa ku 4,434,827 sekutsi bantfu labatfolakala emaphetselweni eJozi babe ngu 7,151,447.[4] iJohannesburg ifaka phakatsi i Soweto, lekulilokishi lelikhulukati emhlabeni kantsi lelilokishi licale kuba yincenye ye Jozi kusukela eminyakeni yangabo 1990.