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Dziva rokushambira
Dziva rokushambira zvinoreva dziva rakavakwa nevanhu kuitira kuti vashambire munzvimbo ine mvura yakachena inosukwa tsvina dzichiraswa. Nokumwe kutaura rinonzi duhwino. Duhwino rinodirwa mishonga inouraya hutachiona uye mvura yacho inomiminiwa kubvisa tsvina yakaita magodo.
Maduhwino ane mitemo yawo inosanganisira:
- Vanhu vanofanira kugeza vasati vapinda muduhwino zvisinei kuti vabva kumba vakageza.
- Kune mhando dzembatya dzinotenderwa muduhwino, mbatya dzinopfekwa kumba kana munzira hadzitenderwi kanamunhu ave mumvura. Mbatya dzomunduhwino dzakagadzirwa kuti dzisareme kana dzatota uye dzinosonwa nejira risingatakure hutachiowana kunyanya.
Kune vasina kuzvijaira mbatya dzinopfekwa kuduhwino dzinoita kunge munhu asina kusimira zvakakwana, asi kune vazvijaira vanongoti ndizvo zveko.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


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Chipembere
Chipembere (Rhinoceros in English) zimhuka zihombe remusango rine nyanga pamhuno nemakumbo makobvu. Rimwe zita rechipembere rinonzi nhema. MuAfrica mune marudzi maviri echipembere; kuchamhembe kweAsia kune matatu.
Nhema imhuka huru inokwanisa kusvika 1 tonne pahuremu; ine ganda gobvu rinopimwa kuita 1.5-5cm pakukora kwaro. Mhuka iyi inodya makwenzi zvikurusei mashizha acho; asi kana pasina mashizha inodyawo zvimwe zvine tseta.
Zvikara[chinja | edit source]
Mumasango chikara chikuru chinouraya chipembere ndiye munhu. Mhuru dzachipembere dzinourayiwa neshumba; mbada; dindingwe uye makarwe; mhumhi nemapere. Chipembere chinonwa mvura kurwizi mazuva ose; izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti chipembere chasanetsa kubayiwa nemakororo anovhima zvokuba.
Vanoba nyanga dzechipembere vanotengesa kuChina uko kune vanotenda kuti nyanga iyi inorapa fever.


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ODZI, MANICALAND—
Imwe yemhuri dzakatamiswa kubva kwaChiadzwa kuri kucherwa mangonda dzichiendeswa kunogariswa patsva kuArda Transau, inoti iri kuyaura nenzara, kushaya pekugara panokodzera, uye vana havasi kuenda kuchikoro.
Mhuri yekwaKambeni inoti yakavimbiswa kuti yaizovakirwa musha mutsva nekambani inochera mangoda kwaChiadzwa yeAnjin Investments, asi hapana chati chaitwa kusvika pari zvino.
Baba vemhuri, Sekuru Philimon Johwani Kaiboni Kambeni, avo vane makore makumi masere nemapfumbamwe ekuberekwa, uye munhu anogara achirwara. Pari zvino havachakwanisi kutaura.
VaKambeni vane madzimai maviri, mukuru ari Amai Miriam Kambeni, mudiki achinzi Idah Kambeni. Madzimai aya anoti vari kushungurudzika zvakanyanya nezvavakaitirwa nekambani ye-Anjin Investments.
Amai Idah Kambeni vanoti kubva pavakatamiswa makore maviri apfuura, hapana chakazadzikiswa pane zvavainge vavimbiswa neAnjin Investments. Amai ava vanoti vakarasikirwa nemidziyo yavo pamwe nezvipfuyo.
Vanotiwo pari zvino vari kuziya nenzara, uye vana vavo vari kutambura. Amai ava vanoti vakanogogodza pamisuwo yevakuru vemuhurumende, kunyanya kwamudzviti wedunhu reMutare, VaCosmas Chiringa, kasingaperi nenyaya yedambudziko ravo, asi vanoti hapana chati chaitwa.
Mukadzi mukuru pamusha wakweKambeni, Amai Miriam Kambeni, vanotiwo chikumbiro chavo ndechekuti vavakirwe dzimba sekuvimbiswa kwavakaitwa.
Mumwe muvakidzani wemhuri iyi, uye vari sekuru vayo, VaCephas Gwayawaya, vanotiwo vanoshuvira kuti kana paine vanokwanisa kubatsira mhuri iyi, vaibatsire sezvo iri kudya nhoko dzezvironda.
VaGwayawaya vanoti kunyange hazvo mutungamiriri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, vachiti makambani emangoda ekwaChiadzwa abatsire vanhu vekwaChiadzwa, izvi hazvisi kuitwa.
Studio 7 haina kukwanisa kutaura nemukuru anoona nezvekufambiswa kwemabasa Anjin, VaRomeo Daniel Mutsvunguma, pamwe chete naVaAmos Mukarango vanoona nezvekufambiswa kwemashoko mukambani iyi.
VaChiringa, avo vaifambisa kutamiswa kwevanhu ava, havana kuwanikwa muhofisi mavo kuti vatsanangure kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba seyi. Asi mutevedzeri waVaChiringa, VaSimon Sigauke, varamba kutaura nezvenyaya iyi vachiti havana mvumo yacho.
Gweta rinorwira kodzero dzevanhu musangano remagweta reZimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights, VaDavid Tandiri, vanoti kodzero dzemhuri idzi dziri kutyorwa neAnjin Investments. Gweta iri rinoti mhuri idzi dzinokwanisa kuendesa nyaya iyi kumatare edzimhosva kuitira kuti kambani isungirwe kuzadzikisa zvayakavimbisa.
Anjin ndeyemubatanidzwa wehurumende, yakamirirwa ne Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation nekambani yeku China ye Anhui Foreign Economic Construction Company.
Vakuru vakuru mukambani iyi vanhu vari muchiuto nemuchipurisa, avo vanosanganisira munyori mubazi rezvekudzivirirwa kwenyika, VaMartin Rushwaya, mumwe wevakuru vakuru muZimbabwe Republic Police, VaOliver Chibage, pamwe na Brigadier Charles Tarumbwa. Masheya ehurumende mukambani iyi, anonzi muzita raVaTarumbwa.
Vanomirira kambani yekuChina muAnjin vanosanganisira VaJiang Zhaoyao naVaPeng Zheng.
Studio7 haina kukwanisa kunzwa divi rehurumende panyaya iyi, kana kuZMDC kuti tinzwe divi rayo.
Kudzimara kambani ye-anjin pamwechete nehurumende yezimbabwe dzatora matanho panyaya iyi mhuri dzakatamiswa idzi dzicharamba dzichishupika dzichirota manyakare apo dzaigara zvakanaka kwachiadzwa.


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Chisumamunyati
Shoko rokuti chisumamunyati (Hypothesis in English) ringadudzirwa sezvizvi:
- Bumbiro remashoko ari kusumwa nenyanzvi anoyedza kutsangangudza mhando yechiitiko nenzira yakarongeka uye inobatanidza zvinhu zvakacherechedzwa.
- Chisumamunyati ndicho chinova hwaro hwekutara nzira nemaitiro ebasa rokubata idi kuti zviri kutaurwa nechisumamunyati idi here.
- Chisumamunyati chinofanirwa kunge chakanyorwa nenzira iri nyore kunzwisisa uye yakarongeka.
- Kugamuchirwa kwechisumamunyati kune chekuita nokuti chiri kupindirana netsananguro dzakapiwa nezvimwe zvisumazivo kana mutemo zvakaparurwa nenyanzvi munguva dzakapfuura.
- Kana chisumamunyati chapenengurwa choonekwa kuti chinotaura idi munhambo zhinji, chinobva chodanwa kunzi mutemo.
- chisumamunyati chinozoshandiswa kutsigira dudzirazivo munguva dziri mberi; saka chiri pasi pedudzirazivo pachikero chokuyedzwa nokugamuchirwa.
Zvakakosha kuonesana kuti chisumamunyati chinotaura zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinotsanangura chiitiko chiri kucherechedzwa nenzira yakatsarukana pamberi penyanzvi uye zvichifannidzwa nezvinozivikanwa nechekare. Icho chisumamunyati chinotoda kuyedzwa kuti pabatwe kuti chinoreva chokwadi here patsananguro yachinopa. Kune rimwe divi dudzirazivo rinenge rakaedzwa rikawonekwa richireva idi panhambo zhinji zvokuti rave kutembeka mune zvarinotaura.
Kupiwa kwezita[chinja | edit source]
Zita rokuti chisumamunyati rabatanidza mazwi anoti kusuma uye munyati. Izwi rokuti kusuma rinoreva kupira mashoko kuvanhu kana kuti kuudza vanhu mashoko - to inform or propose. Shoko rokuti munyati rinoreva mazano, pfungwa zvikurusei mazano ane tsarukano anogamuchirika anotaridza kuti munhu ari kufunga zvakarongeka. Saka pano chisumamunyati chinosuma pfungwa nemazano enyanzvi iri kunyora kune avo vachaverenga kana kunzwa. Chichifaninidzwa nezvinoitwa pakusuma mashoko padare mumusha, mashoko anotaurwa nechisumamunyati anogona kuvandudzwa zvichienderana nehumbowo hutsva.


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Tuesday, 13 November 2012
JAH PRAYZAH'S $7 000 BIRTHDAY BASH FOR MUM
16 comments:
WELL DONE JAH PRAYZER
Pakanga pakaunganwa kunge kwaMakandiwa. Ndatoipihwa picture yacho kare, yetumadhara tunenge tuchidaidzira kuti yatunga muti. Apa kamwe kanenge kakapfeka juzi rakanzi barclays bank or blazer rekuEaglesvale high School baba. Apa dhanzi inenge ichirohwa amai unoti vakafa havana chavakaona. Once one in a blue tinofanirwa kumboitira mubereki madanha. Thanks Jah ndokuti kuzvara ka uku. Kwete kuzotenga zioversize coffin nekudyisa vanhu rice and kengeke parufu asi pavakanga vari vapenyu vairarama nemunjonjo.
meant to say once in a blue moon
WELL DONE JAH PRAYZER
Ko kuisa generator nhasi akadii kungovaisira magetsi.....
ko magetsi acho anogara siko kani nhai
tsveeeeeeeeeeeee kuti well done to a fellow brother..kutanga kunhonga magetsi shamwari magetsi arikuenda kana pamuchato we hire generators...farai nekuda kwevamwe vana vanoitira vana mai vavo zvakanaka..handinyore kurera mwana..good work brother God will surely bless you..
Nice one man.....nice one.
ZANU yakanga iri tiii
Imi wee hanzi chawapa ruboshwe harufanire kuziva. zvemabirthday hatizviziveba isu vanhu vatema. kugonera mai kuvatengera chokupfeka nekuona after day to day living yavo. Apa zveone day izvozvo ndozvatingape mbiri
Awww Jah Prayaz ndiwe wega, even mwari am sure ofara nekuti bhaibheri rinoti Kudza baba na Mai vako, well done Jah
Apa wagona hanzvanzi, big up, cause ukaita zvakadai to your living parents, God increases your wealth. Vamwe vopedzera mari kwamakandiwa asi chazobuda we hapana...its such a shame in this day an age kuti mumwe munhu anogara pasi oronga kubira vanhu mari, yet onyepa nezita raMwari... well done , maTindodhola ko dotipaka pikicha yacho tioonewo, isu zvedu vana Flooo
Apa wakagona Praizer. Good example
Sangodema masango matema shuwa hauna kana nyaya
Finish. Hamushaiwi chekusvora tinokuzivai
goch goch naye aiwa uku ndiko kugona mface


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Bvungapfunga
Mhute kana yakanyanya kukora inonzi bvungapfunga. Musiyano uripo pakati pemhute nebvungapfunga kuwanda kwacho kunodzivira kuwona zviri mberi. Mhute ikange yakora zvokuti zviri panhambwe inokwana 200m hazvichaoneke; ndipo painonzi bvungapfunga.
Mhute chiitiko chinoonekwa kana tumadonhwe twemvura tuchiyangarara mumhepo. Mhute inoitika ichikonzerwa nemamirio ekunze kana kuti pakutubuka kwechikwatamabwe. Inonyanaya kuonekwa apo pane mhepo inotonhora iri pamusoro pemvura inodziya. Kumwe kuitika kwemhute kunoonekwa pakufema pamusi wekuti kunze kune chando. Kupfungaira kunoonekwa kuchibuda pamuromo nemhuno inotova mhute.
MuZimbabwe mhute inoonekwa pedyo nemadhamu munguva yechando; chiitiko ichi chinoonekwa rungwanani padhamu reMazowe. Mhute inokonzera kuti zviri kure zvisanatse kuonekwa, zvokuti vatyairi vemuchovha vanonetseka kuona kwavari kuenda.


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Fanza
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, kufanza zvinoreva kushanduka kubva pakuve mutuvi kuenda pakuve gasi kunoitika pasina kushanduka kwehujoto hwekufanza . Mutuvi unoshanduka kuva godo kana hujoto hwasvika kana kudarika chimiso chekufanza - boiling point. Somuenzaniso, mvura inoshanduka kubva pakuve mutuvi kuenda pakuve mwando wemvura (water vapour) kana hujoto hwasvika kana kudarika hujoto 100oCelsius.
Kujekesa
Kufanza kuri pamupanda wokusasauka. Musiyano ndewekuti kusasauka kunoitika chero nepahujoto huri pasi pechimiso chekufanza. Kufanza kunoitika nemudida uri pamusoro uye kufanza kunoitika kana hujoto hwasvika pachimiso chekufanza.
Somuenzaniso, mvura yasiyiwa mubhava panze pazuva inosasauka ikadakara kusvika pakupera ichingosasauka asi isina kumbofanza. Kupwa kwemvura iyi kunotora nguva yakareba zvinosiyana nemvura iri kufanza iri pamoto inokasira kupwa.
Simba remadziya rinopinda mumutuvi richikonzera kufanza rinonzi mbindikwa yemadziya ekufanza


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WASHINGTON—
Vakuru muhurumende vakasaina chibvumirano chekuumba hurumende yemubatanidzwa vasangana negurukota rezvebumbiro remitemo nemabasa eparamende vakazeya pasvika bumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika.
Mutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, mutungamiri wehurumende, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, pamwe nemutevedzeri wemutungamiri wehurumende, VaArthur Mutambara, vasangana muHarare negurukota rezvebumbiro remitemo nemabasa eparamende, VaEric Matinenga, vachida kuti vaziviswe pasvika hurongwa hwekunyorwa kwebumbiro idzva.
Vatungamiri ava vanosangana panguva apo paine makakatanwa pamusoro pebumbiro iri zvichitevera musangano weSecond All Stakeholders Conference wakaitwa muna Gumiguru.
Bato reZanu PF rinonzi riri kuda kuti gwaro rezvakaitika kumusangano weSecond All Stakeholders’ Conference ritange raendeswa kuvatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende, ukuwo mapato eMDC ari kuti gwaro iri ritange raendeswa kuparamende, sezvo iri iyo yakatuma COPAC kuita basa iri.
Vane ruzivo nezviri kuitika mumapato ari muhurumende vanoti kana gakava iri rakasagadziriswa nekukasika, mapato eMDC ari kuti nyaya iyi inofanirwa kuendeswa kuSADC.
Mumwe wevatungamiri ava uye ari mutungamiri werimwe bato reMDC, VaWelshman Ncube, havana kupinda mumusangano wevatungamiri uyu uye vanonzi vari kuUganda pari zvino. VaNcube vagara vachiti havapinde mumusangano unoremekedza VaMutambara semumiriri webato.
VaMatinenga vaudza Studio 7 kuti vatungamiri vehurumende ava vavavimbisa kuti havasi kuda kutora chirongwa ichi kubva kuCOPAC, asi kuti vari kuda chete kuti vange vachiziviswa nezvedanho iri parinenge rasvika.
Vatiwo vari kutarisirwa kunyora gwaro repasvika hurongwa uhwu ravachapa kuvatungamiri ava neChishanu chesvondo rino kana kuti neMuvhuro wesvondo rinouya.
Hurukuro naVaEric Matinenga


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HARARE, WASHINGTON—
Hurumende yazivisa neChitatu kuti referendamu yegwaro idzva rebumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika rakanyorwa richitungamirwa nekomiti yeparamende yeCOPAC ichaitwa musi wa 16 Kurume.
Vachitaura nevatori venhau muHarare, gurukota rinowona nezvebumbiro nemabasa eparamende, VaEric Matinenga, vati vakaudzwa nevakuru vavo muhurumende kuti referendamu iyi ichaitwa musi wa16 Kurume.
VaMatinenga vati zuva iri rakabvumiranwa nedare remakurukota ehurumende mumusangano wakaitwa neChipiri, uyo vati havana kupinda.
VaMatinenga vati havazivi kuti mari inodiwa kuita referendamu yavepo here kana kuti kwete, sezvo iri risiri basa ravo.
Asi gurukota rezvemari, Va Tendai Biti, pamwe negurukota rinowona nezvemitemo, Va Patrick Chinamasa, vakanyorera sangano re United Nations Development Program, UNDP, vachikumbira mari yesarudzo nereferendamu.
Vaviri ava vakati zvirongwa zviviri izvi zvaida mari inoita mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emamiriyoni emadhora, asi pari zvino hurumende yaive nemari inoita makumi maviri neshanu emamiriyoni emadhora, nokudaro vaitsvaga jeredza racho pamari iyi.
Makurukota ehurumende mazhinji ataura neStudio 7 anoti nyaya iyi atoinzwawo neChipiri uye haina kana kumbozeyiwa mudare remakurukota. Vane ruzivo nezviri kuitika vanotiwo kana sangano rinofanira kuronga sarudzo idzi reZimbabwe Electoral Commission, range risati rasumwa.
Vane ruzivo nezviri kuitika vanoti mutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, mutungamiri wehurumende, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, pamwe nemutevedzeri wavo, VaArthur Mutambara, ndivo vakaronga zvezuva iri vasina kusuma vamwe.
Zvinonzi VaMatinenga vatoudzwa nevakuru ava kuti vataure mubepanhau rehurumende kana kuti Government Gazette neChishanu vachitara zuva iri zviri pamutemo.
Munyori mukuru muMDC inotungamirwa naVaWelshman Ncube, Amai Priscilla Misihairambwi Mushonga vanoti VaNcube havana kunge vasumwa nezvenyaya iyi.
Sangano rinorwira kuti munyika muve nebumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika rinobva muvanhu, reNational Constitutional Assembly, NCA, rinoti harisi kufara nekuti nguva yapihwa vanhu kuti vazeye gwaro rebumbiro iri ishoma zvikuru.
Sachigaro veNCA, Muzvinafundo Lovemore Madhuku, vanoti vave kuendesa VaMugabe kudare repamusoro soro nezvenyaya iyi, nekuti vari kushandisa mitemo nenzira inotyora kodzero dzevanhu vakawanda.
Nyaya Ina Thomas Chiripasi
Hurukuro naAmai Priscialla Misihairambwi-Mushonga
Hurukuro naMuzvinafundo Lovemore Madhuku


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Nyanza
Nyanza (Lake in English) mutumbi wemvura wakakura samare uye uchiwanikwa padunhu. Muenzaniso ndidzo mvura dzinenge: Lake Malawi; Lake Victoria; Lake Tanganyika; Lake Chad. Nyanza inenge iri mvura yakaungana pasina kuvakirwa dhamu; izvi zvinosiyana neKariba Dam rakavakwa nevanhu. Zita iri rasiyanisa nekutaura kwemazuva ose kunoti nyanza negungwa zvimwechete.
Zita iri riri kutoredzera pamutauro weChewa unoti Lake Malawi inonzi Nyanja - pano pavandudzwa kuti zviende kuChiShona. PaNhevedzwa dzeMvura nyanza dzinochengeta mvura isina munyu padunhu.
Ziwumbe rine nyanza zhinji ndiro ziwumbe reNorth America rine nyanza dzinoti: Lake Erie; Lake Huron; Lake Ontario; Lake Superior; Lake Winnipeg; Lake Winnipegosis; Lake Manitoba nedzimwewo nyanza zhinji dzine mvura yakachena.


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Jekanyika
Muchidzidzo cheJekanyika (Geodesy), nyika yakatarwa nemhando mbiri dzemitsetse. Kune mitsetse yakatarwa yakati sambamba neMutsazanisi inonzi muyeramwaka, (lattitude). Kune mitsetse yakatarwa ichibata kuNorth pole neSouth pole inonzi muyeranhambo, longitude. Mitsetse iyi inoshevedzwa nenhamba dzakarongeka. Nhamba dzemitsetse yemuyeramwaka dzinoveregwa dzichibva paMutsazanisi dzichienda kumavirira nekumadokero. Nhamba dzemitsetse yemuyeranhambo dzinoverengwa dzichibva pamutsetse weGreenwich Meridian zvichienda kuNorth pole neSouth pole. Greenwich Meridian mutsetse welongitude unopfuura pedyo neRoyal Observatory, Greenwich, kuUnited Kingdom.
Naizvozvo nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzine nhamba inotaura kuti nzvimbo iri papi mudandemutande remitsetse iyoyi. Ruzivo urwu ndirwo rwakashandiswa muhumhizha hweGPS, Geographical Position System chinova chombo chinobatsira kutaura kuti tiri papi uye kupa rudzivo (direction) rwenzvimbo yatinoda kuenda.


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WASHINGTON—
Vatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende vari kuburitsa pachena kusawirirana kwavo mumafambisirwo ezvinhu muhurumende inofanirwa kunge iri yemushandira pamwe.
Izvi zviri kusiya zvizvarwa zvenyika zvisina chokwadi chizere sezvo vakuru vemapato ari muhurumende vari kuburitsa mashoko anopesana pane zviri kuitika.
Izvi zvakabuda pachena neMuvhuro apo mumwe wevatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende, VaWelshman Ncube, vakaratidza kusafara nemabatirwo avari kuitwa.
Mutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, mutungamiri wehurumende, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, pamwe nemutevedzeri wemutungamiri wehurumende, VaArthur Mutambara, vakasangana neMuvhuro vakawirirana kuti paumbwe kakomiti kane makurukota matatu anobva kumapato matatu nemasachigaro matatu eCOPAC, uye gurukota rezvebumbiro nemabasa eparamende, vachaongorora gwaro rezvakabuda kumusangano weSecond All Stakeholders Conference
, mushure mekunge paita makakatanwa.
Asi gurukota rezvemitemo nemabasa eparamende, VaEric Matinenga, vati hapasi kupinda vanhu vatsva, asi kuti komiti iyi ichaumbwa nenhengo dzemanagement committee
, uye inofanirwa kunge yapedza basa rayo mukati memazuva manomwe.
VaMatinenga vati zvichaburitswa nekomiti iyi zvichaendeswa kudare reparamende, kwete kuvatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende.
Vakafanobata chigaro chemutauriri waVaTsvangirai, VaWilliam Bango, vanoti VaNcube vakapinda mumusangano wechipiri wakaitwa nevatungamiri ava, uyo waikurukura nezvebumbiro idzva remitemo, uye VaNcube vanonzi havana chavakapikisa pane zvakasungwa mumusangano uyu.
Kunyange hazvo vamwe vari kuti VaNcube vakapinda mumusangano uyu, bato raVaNcube rati VaNcube vakazodaidzwa kuzoudzwa zvakanga zvawiriranwa kare, kwete kuti vazeye nevamwe nyaya yacho.
Munyori mukuru weMDC yaVaNcube, Amai Priscilla Misihairambwi-Mushonga, vari kutsika madziro vachiti VaNcube havana kupinda musangano wakaronga kuti paumbwe kakomiti aka, uye bato ravo ratonyorera kuSADC richinyunyuta nezviri kuitwa nevamwe vavo muhurumende.
Nyanzvi munyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika dzinoti zvimwe zvava kukonzera kusafambira mberi kwezvinhu igakava rirpo pakati paVaMutambara naVaNcube, avo vari kurwira masimba ebato ravo mudare repamusoro soro. VaMutambara vari kupikisa mutongo wedare wekuti VaNcube ndivo mutungamiri mutsva.
Ukuwo SADC, iyo inova mutongi gava pagakava riri muZimbabwe, inonzi inocherechedza VaNcube semutungamiri mutsva weMDC diki. Asi VaMugabe vanoti havagoni kucherechedza VaNcube kana nyaya iri mumatare isati yapera kutongwa.
Apo nyaya iyi ichange yozeyiwa nenhumwa dzemutungamiri we South Africa, idzo dzapinda munyika neChipiri, mibvunzo iripo ndeyekuti vana veZimbabwe vachaudzwa nani chokwadi chezviri kuitika munyika kana vakuru vari muhurumende vachiburitsa mashoko anopikisana pane zvavanenge vaita vose vachinyatsoziva zviri kuitika.
Hurukuro naVaEric Matinenga
Hurukuro naVaWilliam Bango
Hurukuro naMai Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga


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Libya
Libya inyika iri kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica. Nyika yeLibya yakakombwa negungwa Mediterranean riri kumaodzanyemba, Egypt iri kumabvazuva, Sudan iri kumabvazuva kwadziva kuchambembe, Chad neNiger dziri kuchamhembe, uye Algeria neTunisia dziri kumadokero. Nyika yeLibya ndiyo yegumi nenomwe pahukuru kwenharaunda; Libya ine nharaunda yakakura mamiriyoni 1.8 eskweya rekiromita.
Gutaguru reLibya rinonzi Tripoli rine hugari hwevanhu mamiriyoni 1.7 nyika yese ine hugari hwevanhu mamiriyoni 6.4 chete. Pahupfumi hwemandayebwe Libya ndiyo yegumi (10th) pahupfumi hunozivikanwa, uye ndiyo yegumi nenomwe pakuburitsa mafutarubwe.


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WASHINGTON—
Nyanzvi munyaya dzinosanganisira dzehupfumi, dzehutano, dzezvematongerwo enyika nedzimwe dzakasiyana siyana, dziri kusangana neMugovera pamuzinda we Zimbabwe mu America uri mu Washington DC pamusangano wekupangana mazano pamwe nekuparura chirongwa che Zimbabwe Diaspora Home Interface Program, ZIDHIP.
Chirongwa ichi chiri kuparurwa zviri pamutemo mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wehurumende, VaArthur Mutambara.
Chirongwa cheZIDHIP ndechekupangana mazano pakati pezvizvarwa zveZimbabwe nehurumende, pamwe nemasangano akazvimirira, senzira yekutsvaga nzira dzekuti munhu wese wemuZimbabwe ave nehupenyu hwakanaka.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pane zvizvarwa zveZimbabwe zvinodarika mamiriyoni matatu zviri kunze kwenyika, uye zvizvarwa zvakawanda izvi zvinosanganisira vana muzvinafundo muzvidzidzo zvakasiyana siyana, avo vanokwanisa kubatsira nyika yavo vachishandisa hunyanzvi hwavanawo.
Sachigaro weDiaspora Network Working Group, uye vachishanda ne World Bank mu Washington DC, Doctor Norbert Mugwagwa, vanoti chirongwa chavo ndechekubatsira nyika sezvo Zimbabwe iine vanhu vakadzidza vakawanda vari kunze kwenyika.


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Chikwatamabwe
Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika chikwatamabwe (Volcano) inzvimbo inotubuka mabwe achikwata kubva pasi pevhu. Mabwe aya anobuda achipisa samare achiyerera pasi nokudaukira mudenga paanenge okwata. Chikwatamabwe chinokanda madota mudenga nokupwititsa chiutsi chakawanda chinosimuka kusvika pahukwidza hunobhururuka ndege.
Mugore ra 2010 chikwatamabawe chiri kuIceland chakapwititsa chiutsi chakavharisa nhandare dzendege kuEurope vachityira njodzi kundege kana dzobhururuka mudenga. Madota akakandwa nechikwatamabwe ichi akaonekwa kuziwumbe reEurope achibva kuchitsuwa chinonzi Iceland. Mugore ra2011 vana mazvikokota vane chifundidziro chokuti chikwatamabwe chichatubukazve chichikanda dota mudenga, nekuyeredza mabota emabwe anopisa.
Nekumwe kutaura chiitiko ichi chinodanwa kunzi tyakamabwe; izwi rokuti tyaka rinoshandiswa kuChiKaranga richireva kukwata. Kuno kuAfrica kune chikwatamabwe kuDRC pagomo rinonzi Nyamuragira.
Nhoroondo[chinja | edit source]
Shoko reEnglish rokuti "Volcano" rakatanga kutaurwa neVaRoma kuItaly pakaitika chikwatamabwe paGomo reEtna. VaRoma panguva iyi vaitenda kuna mwari wemoto aidanwa kunzi Vulcan. Saka pakaita chikwatamabwe paGomo reEtna vakafunga kuti ndiye Vulcan ari kutaridza hasha dzake. Zita raVulcan rakabva ratumidza kuchiitiko ichi vachitaura neLatin kuti "Vulcanus". Kuzoti "volcano" kwave kusandurudza kuenda kuEnglish - zita iri rakabva rabata nazvino ndiro rinoshandiswa kunyangwe zvazvo ruzivo rwawedzera vanhu vave kuziva kuti chikwatamambwe hachineyi naVulcan.
Vakare vakatumidza maererano nemaonero nemafungiro avo panguva iyoyo. Isu nhasi tinowona chitiko ichi kuri kukwata kwemambwe saka pano panzi chikwatamabwe. Chikwatamabwe chinonzi ikirunga mururimi rweKirundu rwunotaurwa kuBurundi; zvingadaro kuti shoko rokuti chirunga reShona rinoreva icho chikwatamabwe nokuti kune mazwi eChiSHona mazhinji akafanana neKirundu.
Kundengenyeka kwenyika[chinja | edit source]
Ichi chiitiko chekuti nyika inondengenyeka ichizunguzika pasi pachifamba.
Nyika yatigere yakawumbwa nehwendefa dzemabwe dzakawarikwa dzichivhara matunhu Pasirose. Hwendefa idzi dzine mitswe nehwangwadza pakati padzo. Hwendefa idzi dzigere pamusoro pemabwe anokwata nekupisa. Hujoto hunosiyana munzvimbo dziri pamatunhu akasiyana; nokudaro hwendefa idzi dzinotambanuka kana hujoto hwakwira nokudzoka kana hwaderera. Mukufamba uku imwe nguva dzinokwesherana dzichitsvedza zviri nyore; imwe nguva dzinokochekerana dzoita mangange poshaya hwendefa inofamba.
Zvadai fosi inosunda hwendefa idzi inoramba ichikwira padzinenge dzakarumana kudaro. Panozosvikwa nguva yekuti nzvimbo dzakabatana hadzichagona dzakurirwa nefosi iri kusunda. Ipapo hwendefa dzinopfutunuka dzotsukunyuka dzichibandana, kupetana nokukonzera kundengenyeka kwenyika. Panguva imwe cheteyo mabwe akanyauka ari pasi pehwendefa idzi anokwanisa kusimuka achiwana mukana wazaruka pamitswe inenge yawedzera kushama. Mabota emabwe aya anozotubuka panyika achive chikwatamabwe.


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WASHINGTON—
Tarisiro yevakawanda yekuita goho rakanaka mwaka uno, inenge yava kuvhiringwa nemakonye anonzi ari kuparadza zvirimwa mumatunhu akawanda munyika.
Nzvimbo dzinonzi dziri kuparadzwa zvirimwa nema army worms
dzinosanganisira Mashonaland West, Midlands, Matabeleland North, Manicaland ne Midlands.
Mumwe murimi wekuManicaland, Va Gasten Shiri, vanoti dai hurumende yaedza nepainokwanisa napo kupa Agritex mari yakawanda kuitira kuti ikwanise kutenga mishonga yekurwisa makonye aya.
Mumwe mushandi we Agritex wemuHarare, uyo aramba kudomwa nezita rake sezvo asingabvumidzwe kutaura nevatori venhau, anoti ichokwadi kuti dambudziko remakonye aya rakakurisa zvikuru sezvo mishonga iripo iri mishoma.
Makonye aya anonzi anokwanisa kuurayiwa nemushonga unonzi carbaryl
uyo usiri kuwanika nyore munyika.
Hurukuro naVa Gasten Shiri


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Mari
Mari (money in English) inzira yekupima nayo hukoshi hwezvinhu zvinotengeseranwa zvinosanganisira, nhumbi, mhuka, mudziyo, basa, hushumiri nezvimwewo zvinotengwa nemuripo wemari. Makaerkare vanhu vaitengeserana vachipanana zvinhu zvacho chaizvo zvinodiwa, sokuti aive nechibage aikwanisa kuripa vamushandira kumunda nechibage chakare.
Nokufamba kwenguva vanhu vakatanga kutenga nemari yaigadzirwa nesimbi kana nezvimwe zvishongo zvaikosheswa panguva iyoyo. apkushanda kwemari, chinhu chinopiwa hukoshi hunoenderana nehuremu uye basa rakashandwa kuti chinhu ichi chivepo. Mutengo unotarwawo zvichienderana nekuti chinhu ichi chinowanikwa kana kushayika zvakadii.
Mamwe Mazita emari ndiwo anoti: mbong'o, shagi, mashereni.
Kubatwa nekurongwa kwemashandisirwo emari kunonzi Muduso - muZimbabwe Tendai Biti ndiye gurukota rinowona nezveMuduso - inonzi Finance kuEnglish.


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Gumbapamwe reZviringani ZveTaranyika
Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika, (Geography), nyika yakatarwa nemhando mbiri dzemitsetse. Kune mitsetse yakatarwa yakati sambamba neMutsazanisi inonzi latitude; kune mitsetse inotenderera nyika ichibata kuNorth pole neSouth pole inonzi longitude. Mitsetse iyi inoshevedzwa nenhamba dzakarongeka. Nhamba dzemitsetse yelattitude dzinoveregwa dzichibva paMutsazanisi dzichienda kuNorth pole neSouth pole. Nhamba dzemitsetse yelongitude dzinoverengwa dzichibva pamutsetse weGreenwich Meridian zvichienda kuMavirira nekuMabvazuva. Greenwich Meridian mutsetse welongitude unopfuura pedyo neRoyal Observatory, Greenwich, kuUnited Kingdom. Naizvozvo nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzine nhamba inotaura kuti nzvimbo iri papi mudandemutande remitsetse iyoyi. Ruzivo urwu ndirwo rwakashandiswa muhumhizha hweGPS, Geographical Position System chinova chombo chinobatsira kutaura kuti tiri papi uye kupa rudzivo (direction) rwenzvimbo yatinoda kuenda.
Chirongwa chekutarwa kwenyika nenzira yatsananguwa iyi chinodanwa kunzi Geographic Coordinate System - kuChiShona tochiti Gumbapamwe reZviringani ZveTaranyika. Zita reChiShona iri rakaumbwa nenzira inotevera:
- Gumbapamwe (System) rinoreva kubatanidzwa pamwe munzvimbo imwe kwezvinhu zvine ukama huri kutarirwa. Gumbapamwe rine zvinhu: zvinobatirana, kurarama, nekudyidzana pamwe munzvimbo yakatarwa. Kuti titsanangure Gumbapamwe tinogona kusanganisira: nhengo dzirimo; zvinotaura mashandirwo emabasa; mitemo inotonga nhengo dzirimo; uye zvinyorwa zvinotaura ukama huripo pakati penhengo (elements, stakeholders) idzi; nekutara miganhu yerumana rweGumbapamwe, uye miganhu yezvinotenderwa kana kusatenderwa kuitika kana kuti kuva nhengo. Gumbapamwe rine ukama hunosimbiswa netsazaniso pakati pezvinopimwa (equations & relationships), maitirwo ezvirongwa (procedures & protocols), zvinyanye (extrema), zvichingodaro. Gumbapamwe - co-existing or working combined together.
- Zviringani (Coordinates) zvinoreva nhamba dzakarongeka dzinotevera mitaro yakatarwa dzinobatsira kuronda pane nzvimbo iri kutsvakwa.
- Taranyika (Geography) - iri izwi riri kubva kumazwi ari kuEnglish anoti: geo rinoreva nyika (earth), uye graph rinoreva mutaro.
Latitude inopima nhambwe yegonya riri pakati peMutsazanisi nechimiso chiri kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi; chimiso chinogona kunge chiri papi zvapo pauso hweEarth. Latitude inoverengwa ichibva paMutsazanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Mitsetse yelatitude inodanwa kunzi tsambamba (parallels) nokuti inenge yakati sambamba, uye yakataramukana nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose. Kana 1o yelatitude yapimwa tsambamba dzinenge dzakataramukana 111km (kana 69maira). Kushama kwegonya rinopimwa palatitude yega-yega zvichibva paMutsazanisi, ndiro zita rinopiwa tsambamba yacho. Somuenzaniso 45o latitude ndiyo nhambwe yegonya iri pakati peMutsazanisi ne tsambamba 45, (45th parallel). Saka 45th parallel inenge uri mutsetse wokuti nzvimbo dzese dziri pauri dzine latitude 45o; uye tsambamba iri riri pahafu yenhambwe iri pakati peMutsazanisi neNorth pole.
Mitsetse yeLatitude yekurangarira[chinja | edit source]
- Mutsazanisi uri pa 0o latitude. Latitude iyi yakakosha nokuti ndiyo inotara pakati-nepakati penyika; Mutsazanisi uri nhambwe dzakaenzana kubva kuNorth pole neSouth pole. Mutsazanisi unosvikwa nemurazvo wezuva wakarurama (direct rays) panguva mbiri dzeusikuhwakaenzana (equinoxes). Mazuva eusikuhwakaenzana anoitika March 20-21 neSeptember 20-21 apo nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzinowana usiku hwakareba 12h (maawa 12). Tsanangudzo izere inopiwa kuchikamu cheMwaka yepaNyika
- Tropic of Cancer iri pa +23.5o; inopfuura munyika dzinoti Mexico, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, India neChina. Tropic of Capricon iri pa -23.5oS; inopfuura munyika dzinoti Chile, Brazil, South Africa, Australia.
- Tropic of Cancer inowana murazvo wezuva wakarurama pamazuva June 20-21; Tropic of Capricon inowana murazvo wezuva wakarurama pamazuva December 20-21. Nguva mbiri idzi dzinonzi solstice kuEnglish. Solstice izwi rinobva kuLatin rinoreva kumira kwezuva. Izvi zvisingarevi kuti zuva rinombofamba aiwa, asi kuti rinotora nguva refu kubva pakuyedza kusvika pakudoka zvoita sokunge riri kumbomira mudenga - kunyanya panguva ya 12:00hrs masikati parinenge riri kurova nhongonya.
- Arctic Circle neAntarctica Circle dziri palatitude +66.5o ne -66.5o zvakaringana kudaro. Mitsetse miviri iyi inotara panotangira nzvimbo dzinowana 24h (maawa) erima pazuva rimwe mumwaka wechando (winter), uye 24h echiedza pazuva rimwe mumwaka wezhizha (summer). Nzvimbo idzi dzakakomberedza North pole ne South pole.
Longitude inopima nhambwe yegonya riri pakati pePrime (Greenwich) Meridian nechimiso chiri kuMabvazuva kana kuMadokero ePrime Meridian; chimiso chinogona kunge chiri papi zvapo pauso hweEarth. Longitude inoverengwa ichibva paPrime Meridian iyo inopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelongitude inokwira zvichienda kuMabvazuva - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +180o. Nhamba yelongitude inodzika zvichenda kuMadokero, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -180o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti longitude +20o iri kuMabvazuva kwePrime Meridian; longitude -30o iri kuMadokero kwePrime Meridian.
Nekumwe kunyora nzvimbo dziri kuMabvazuva kwePrime Meridian dzinonyorwa dzine vara rinotaridza East, sokuti +30o inenge yonzi 30oE. Nzvimbo dziri kuMadokero kwePrime Meridian dzinenge dzine vara rinotaridza West, sokuti -30o inenge yonzi 30oW. Nokuda kwekuti runyoro urwu runoshandiswa Pasirose tichasiya mavara anotaridza East neWest akadaro tisingaturikire kuenda kuShona.
Kujekesa Longitude - Pane nhambwe ye +180o kuenda kuMabvazuva kubva paPrime Meridian, zvakare pane nhambwe ye -180o kuenda kuMadokero kubva paPrime Meridian. Nhamba mbiri idzi dzinosangana dzichiratidza pane International Date Line apa panova panoverengwa kuti zuva repanyika rinotangira nekugumira. Izvi zvichireva kuti pakudarika International Date Line tichienda kuMadokero tinowedzera musi mumwe. Somuenzaniso, pakudarika International date Line tichienda kuMadokero tinobva pamusi weSvondo kudivi riri kuMabvazuva tichipinda pamusi weMuvhuro kudivi riri kuMadokero. Pakudarika International Date Line tichienda kuMabvazuva tinodzoka musi mumwe - sokuti kubva pamusi weMuvhuro kudivi riri kuMadokero tichipinda pamusi weSvondo kudivi riri kuMabvazuva.
Mepu dzinotaridza mitsetse yelongitude yakatarwa ichibata paNorth pole neSouth pole nerudzivo Maodzanyemba-Chamhembe (North-South). Mitsetse yese yelongitude inocheka Mutsazanisi uye yakarurama painocheka mitsetse yose yelatitude. Tiri paMutsazanisi, mitsetse yelongitude yakataramukana nhambwe inosvika 111km. KuNorth pole neSouth pole mitsetse iyi inonobatana; izvi zvichireva kuti nzvimbo mbiri idzi hadzina kupimwa chaiko kwelongitude.
Latitude neLongitude muZimbabwe[chinja | edit source]
Nyika yeZimbabwe iri murumana rwelatitude 20 00S nelongitude 30 00E. Zimbabwe iri pakati peMutsazanisi neTropic of Capricon, inova nzvimbo iri mudunhu reTropics rinowana murazvo wezuva zvakanyanya. Nzvimbo dziri muTropics dzinodziya nguva zhinji, kana tichienzanisa nenzvimbo dziri kunze kweTropics. Zvakadaro tinoda kuonesana kuti nyika yeZimbabwe inotonhorera zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri mudunhu reTropics. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti chikamu cheZimbabwe chiri panzvimbo yakakwirira inonzi duvurwi (plateau). Nzvimbo dziri pahukwidza (altitude) huri pamusoro dzinotonhorera pane nzvimbo dziri pahukwidza huri pasi.
Hezvinoi zviringani zveTaranyika zvemaguta ari muZimbabwe:
- Harare iri palatitude nelongitude 17o43'S; 31o02'E
- Bulawayo iri palatitude nelongitude 20o07'S; 28o32'E
- Mutare iri palatitude nelongitude 18o58'S; 32o38'E
- Gweru iri palatitude nelongitude 19o28'S; 29o45'E
- Masvingo iri palatitude nelongitude 18o0'S; 27o0'E
- Victoria Falls iri palatitude nelongitude 17o58'S; 25o52'E
Tamboonesana kuti Zimbabwe iri murumana rwune muyeranhambo (longitude) +30oE; pose panochinja muyeranhamo ne 15o, nguva inochinja neawa rimwe (1h). Zimbabwe inopiwa nguva yakawedzerwa 2h (maawa 2) zvichienzaniswa nenguva iri paPrime Meridian. Somuenzaniso kana nguva iri paPrime Meridian iri pa 06:00hrs, nguva yeZimbabwe inenge iri pa 08:00hrs. Nguva iri paPrime Meridian inonzi Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Nokumwe kutaura nguva yeZimbabwe inodanwa ichinzi GMT + 2hrs.


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Gomo
Makomo (mountains) inzvimbo yakawumbika ichikwira kuenda mudenga iyo yakatenderedwa nenzvimbo dzakaderera. Makomo akakwira kuenda mudenga zvakanyanya muZimbabwe ndiro Gomo reNyangani.
Jinga reGomo zvinoreva nzvimbo iri muzasi uye pedyo negomo (Foot of hill). Mbira nengururu dzinogara mujinga remakomo.
Dinhidza zvinoreva nzvimbo yakaderera ichitiva kuita nhika iri pamateru egomo.
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
- Kudada kwavari mugomo kukumbira vari pasi mapfihwa.
- Chikomo chiremera kune vari kure, vari pedo vanotamba nacho.
Mazita emhuri ane chekuita negomo anosanganisira: Gomo, Negomo.


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HARARE—
Mumiriri weAmerica muZimbabwe, VaBruce Wharton, vanoti zvakakosha kuti masangano anoshanda azvimirira aregwe achiita basa rawo kana achishanda zviri pamutemo nekuti masangano aya anoita basa rakakosha zvikuru.
Vachitaura pazuva rekurangarira muchakabvu Reverend Martin Luther King Junior, pamwe nemabasa anoitwa nemasangano anoshanda akazvimirira, VaWharton vati masangano aya anomirira zvido zvevanhu uye mabasa akaitwa naVaKing nesvondo nemasangano avaishandira ndiwo akaunza shanduko muAmerica.
Asi vatiwo nguva zhinji hurumende hadzifariri masangano aya sezvo dzichifungidzirwa kuti anenge achiita zvakaipa. Vatiwo kana VaKing pachavo vakatombofungirwa nehurumende yeAmerica kuti vaita zvakaipa kunyange hazvo vairwira kodzero dzevanhu vasingashandise mhirizhonga.
Vatiwo masangano aya anofanira kushanda pamwe nehurumende kuitira kuti akwanise kumirira zvido zvevanhu vaanomirira. Ambassador Wharton vatiwo ivo pachavo vanoshanda nemasangano aya.
Mashoko aVaWharton anouya apo mukuru werimwe remasangano aya, ZimRights, VaOkay Machisa, nevamwe veshandi vesangano ravo vari mutirongo vakamirira kutongwa nenyaya dzine echekuita nesarudzo.
Gore rapfuura, gavhuna veMasvingo, VaTitus Maluleke, vakamisa kushanda masangano akazvimirira makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe kuMasvingo vachiapomera mhosva yekuita zvematongerwo enyika.
VaKing, avo vakaurayiwa muna 1968, vanorangarirwa kuAmerica musi wa 21 Ndira wega wega nekuda kwemabasa avakaita mukurwira kodzero dzevanhu vemunyika iyi.


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Mwaka yepaNyika
Contents
Tsanangudzo dzemazwi anoshandiswa[chinja | edit source]
Kati - iri rimwe izwi rinoreva mwaka yepanyika - season in English.
Akiso (Axis)- uyu mutsetse uri pakati pechiumbwa unoti zviri kumativi ose emutsetse iwoyu zvinenge zvakafanana nekuenzanza huremu nekuumbwa kwazvo. Takatarisana neEarth, akiso iyi ndiyo monerapo apo panoziririka Earth kamwe pamusi mumwe - izvi zvinokonzera kubuda nokudoka kwezuva. Akiso iyi mutsetse unobatananidza North pole neSouth pole. Earth inoziririka kamwe pamusi umwe ichizvimonerera paAkiso iyoyi - kamwe pa24 maawa.
Denderende (Ellipse) - iri zita rinoreva munyonga uri pamutsendo, unoonekwa panochekwa charaka zvichitevedza mutsendo nenzira inopa munyonga wakavharwa kwese (closed curve). Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutsendo wacho unocheka nenzira yokuti chiumbwa chinosara pachekwa chine munyonga chete pasina mutsetse wakati twasa; mutsendo haucheke hwaro kana chisuvi chiri pacharaka. Denderende harisi denderedzwa asi rinoda kuita sedenderedzwa rine kuumbwa kwezai.
Boterekwa, (Orbit) - iri zita rinoreva nzira inofambwa nayo neEarth apo inenge ichipoterera zuva (sun) kamwe pagore kana kuti pamisi 365. Boterekwa reEarth rine kuumbwa kwakaita denderende. Iri zita rinoshandiswawo kutsanangudza nzira dzinofambwa nedzimwe nyeredzi (planets) padzinopoterera zuva
Mutsendo (Plane, flat area) izwi rinoreva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura. Mutsendo unogonga kunge wakamiswa wakaita mutwi kana kurara kuti sandarara kana kurereka neipi zvayo gonyo. Mutsendo uso hune nzenda mbiri (2-dimensions)- hwasha nehurefu; mutsendo hauna hudzamu. Earth inoita dendera (revolves) iri pamutsendo wedenderende (elliptical plane) unocheka nepakati pezuva (sun).
Mutsazanisi (equator) mutsetse unopangidza panosangana uso hweurungano nemutsendo une goko rehuremu uye wakarurama neakiso yeurungano yacho. Kureva kuti mutsendo uyu wakaita mutwi neaksio uye kuti wakatakura Gokwe rehuremu (centre of mass) yeurungano yacho. Iri zita rinoshandiswazve pakutsangudza kuumbwa kweRinopasi, (Earth). Mutsazanisi une nhambwe dzakaenzana kubva kuNorth pole ne South pole panzvimbo dzose.
North pole ndipo papoyindi panosangana uso neakiso yekuzeya yeRinopasi (Earth), kuri kuMaodzanyemba kweRinopasi, riri divi rakapesana neSouth pole. Kana takatarisa kuMabvazuva, North pole inenge yakarurama kuruboshwe.
South pole ndipo papoyindi panosangana uso neakiso yekuzeya yeRinopasi (Earth), kuri kuChamhembe kweRinopasi. Kana takatarisa kuMabvazuva, South pole inenge yakarurama kurudyi.
Muyeramwaka, (Latitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paMutsazanisi zvichienda kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi. Latitude inoverengwa ichibva paMutsazanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Muyeranhambo (Longitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paPrime (Greenwich) zvichienda kuMabvazuva kana kuMadokero ePrime Meridian. Longitude inoverengwa ichibva paPrime Meridian iyo inopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelongitude inokwira zvichienda kuMabvazuva - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +180o. Nhamba yelongitude inodzika zvichenda kuMadokero, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -180o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti longitude +20o iri kuMabvazuva kwePrime Meridian; longitude -30o iri kuMadokero kwePrime Meridian.
Dendera (Revolution) izwi rinoreva kupoterera kunoita Earth ichitendera zuva. Dendera rinotanga nekuperera panzvimbo imwechete - ipapo paratangira ndipo parinogumira kuverengwa. Earth inoita dendera kamwe (1) pamazuva 365 kana kuti pagore.
Kuzeya neDendera reEarth[chinja | edit source]
Kuzeya. Shoko rokuti kuzeya kweEarth rinoreva kuziririka kunoita nyika paAkiso inobatanidza North pole neSouth pole. Earth inoita monerapo ichiziririka paAkiso iyoyi. Kana tichitarisa North pole kubva muchadenga nyika inoratidzika ichiziririka kuenda nerudzivo rwunopesana newachi - counter-clockwise. Kana kuri kuSouth pole inotaridzika ichitenderera nerudzivo rwunotevedza wachi - clockwise. Kuziririka kunoita nyika ndiko kunoita kuti kuve neusiku nemasikati; nyika inoziririka kamwe (1) panguva inoita 24 maaawa. Pane ipi zvayo nguva: hafu yenyika inenge yakataira zuva iri muchiedza ari masikati; imwe hafu inenge iri murima kudivi risiri kuwana mirazvo yezuva. Saka panyika panogara paine denderedzwa rinotara muganhu pakati perima nechiedza unonzi Denderedzwa reChiedza - Circle of Illumination.
Dendera. Shoko rokuti dendera rinoreva kupoterera kunoita Earth ichitendera zuva. Earth inoita dendera kamwe (1) pamisi 365,25. Dendera rinotanga nekuperera panzvimbo imwechete - ipapo paratangira ndipo parinogumira kuverengwa - nyika ichizotangazve kutenderera nenzira iyoyo imwechete. Nzira inotenderera nayo nyika tichaidana kuti boterekwa; nzira iyi ine kuumbwa kwedenderende kwete denderedzwa. Nokuda kwekuti boterekwa iri idenderende, nhambwe iri pakati penyika nezuva inosiyana mukufamba kwegore - asi izvi sandizvo zvinokonzera mwaka yepanyika.
Kutsveyama kweAkiso yeEarth[chinja | edit source]
Sokutaurwa kwaitwa, Earth inoita dendera (revolves) iri pamutsendo wedenderende (elliptical plane) unochekana neboterekwa rinofamba neEarth kamwe pagore. Panguva imwe chete, Earth inoita monerapo ichiziririka paAkiso inobatanidza North neSouth pole. Akiso yeEarth haina kururama pamutsendo wedenderende asi yakatsveyama negonyo re 23.5o. gonyo riri pakati pemutsendo denderende neAkiso yeEarth haichinje; Akiso inoramba yakanongedza divi rimwe uye yakatsveyama negonyo rimwe re 23.5o. Asi chinoshanduka kuti idivi ripi reAkiso riri pedyo nezuva. Divi riri pedyo nezuva rinowana mirazvo yakanyanya - iri divi ndiro rinenge riri mumwaka wekupisa, zhizha (summer), divi riri kure rinenge riri muchando (winter).
Mazuva ekurangarira[chinja | edit source]
Zuvaragodza (Solstice)
Mazuva eZuvaragodza anoitika June 20-21 neDecember 20-21.
- Pamazuva June 20-21 Earth inenge iri panzvimbo muboterekwa yokuti North pole inenge yakanongedza kuzuva yakatsveyamira kuzuva ne 23.5o. Denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti North pole haipinde murima zvokuti North pole inowana 24 maawa echiedza. Denderedzwa reChiedza rinenge rakaita muganhu palatitude 66.5oN panova ndipo panotangira Arctic Circle. Panguva imwechete, South pole inenge yakanongedza kwakapesana nezuva, denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti South pole inoramba iri murima. South pole inowana 24 maawa erima.
Pamazuva aya, nzvimbo dzose dziri kuMaodzanyemba eMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza kwemaAwa anodarika 12; nzvimbo dzose dziri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza chiri kwemahawa ari pasi pe 12. Hafu yekuMaodzanyemba inenge iri mumwaka weZhizha, hafu yekuChamhembe inenge iri mumwaka wechando.
- Pamazuva December 20-21 Earth inenge iri panzvimbo muboterekwa yokuti South pole inenge yakanongedza kuzuva yakatsveyamira kuzuva ne 23.5o. Denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti South pole haipinde murima zvokuti South pole inowana 24 maawa echiedza. Denderedzwa reChiedza rinenge rakaita muganhu palatitude 66.5oS panova ndipo panotangira Antarctic Circle. Panguva imwechete, North pole inenge yakanongedza kwakapesana nezuva, denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti North pole inoramba iri murima. Nouth pole inowana 24 maawa erima.
Pamazuva aya, nzvimbo dzose dziri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza kwemahawa anodarika 12; nzvimbo dzose dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza chiri kwemahawa ari pasi pe 12. Hafu yekuChamhembe inenge iri mumwaka weZhizha, hafu yekuMaodzanyemba inenge iri mumwaka wechando.
Tsazahusiku Equinox
Mazuva eTsazahusiku anoitika March 20-21 neSeptember 20-21. Pamazuva aya Denderedzwa reChiedza rinocheka North pole neSouth pole - mativi ose eAkiso anenge ari hhambwe dzakafanana kubva kuzuva - hapana divi rinenge riri pedyo nezuva kudarika rimwe. Zvakare hapana divi reAkiso rinenge rakanongedza kune zuva. Pamazuva aya nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzinowana husiku hwakaenzana, hwakareba 12 maawa - saka mazuva aya achinzi Tsazahusiku- equinox.
Kubva pana March 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichireba kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - kutanga kwenguva yeChirimo (spring) kunzvimbo dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichiderera, kutanga kwenguva yeMatsutso (autumn) kunzvimbo idzi.
Kubva pana Sep 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichiderera kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - iyi inguva yemwaka we[[Matsutso] (autumn) kunzvimbo dziri ku[[Maodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichireba, nguva yemwaka weChirimo kunzvimbo idzi.
Latitude neLongitude muChiShona[chinja | edit source]
- Muyeramwaka. Taona kuti mwaka yepanyika inosiyana zvichienderana nekusiyana kwelatitude; nokudaro pfungwa iri kuti tsambamba idzi dzidanwe kunzi Muyeramwaka mwaka muChiShona. Mwaka inenge iri kulatitude dzekuMaodzanyemba inopesana nemwaka yelatitude dzekuChamhembe. Nzvimbo dziri mulatitude dzemaTropics munova mune nyika yeZimbabwe, mwaka haiverengwe kusvika pamwaka mina. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nechiitiko chokunge zuva richiwanikwa nemurazvo une simba panguva zhinji dzegore.
Nzvimbo dziri kunze kwelatitude yeTropics dzinoverenga mwaka mina inoonekwa zvakati tsvikiti. Mwaka iyi ndiyo chando; chirimo, zhizha, matsutso inova winter, autumn, summer ne spring kuEnglish.
- Muyeranhambo. Nguva yezuva inosiyana zvichienderana nelongitude, saka zvakafanira kuti longitude inzi Muyeranhambo. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzine nguva dzakasiyana zvichienderana nelongitude yenzvimbo yacho. Kune mipanda yenguva (time-zones) yakarongeka ichitevedza rudzivo Mabvazuva-Madokero yakatarwa pamitemo yenguva Pasirose. Nguva idzi hadzizoteveri longitude kuti gedye-gedye nokuda kwekusiyana kwemitemo yenyika dzePasirose panhau yeMipanda yenguva.
Tamboona kuti longitude inoverengwa iri 0-180oE tichienda kuMabvazuva uye 0-180oW tichienda kuMadokero. Zvinoreva kuti gonyo relongitude rinohwerengedzwa kusvika pa360o. Taona zvakare kuti nyika inoziririka kutenderera kamwe pamahawa 24h - mahawa 24h anoenderana ne 360o. Panofambwa 15o yoga-yoga nguva inochinja nehawa imwe (1h).
Nyika yeZimbabwe iri murumana rwemuyeranhambo (longitude) +30oE. Pose panochinja muyeranhamo ne 15o, nguva inochinja neawa rimwe (1h). Nokudaro Zimbabwe inopiwa nguva yakawedzerwa 2h (maawa 2) zvichienzaniswa nenguva iri paPrime Meridian. Somuenzaniso kana nguva iri paPrime Meridian iri pa 06:00hrs, nguva yeZimbabwe inenge iri pa 08:00hrs. Nguva iri paPrime Meridian inonzi Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Nokumwe kutaura nguva yeZimbabwe inodanwa ichinzi GMT + 2hrs.
- Tariro ndeyekuti mifananidzo ivepo pachidzidzo chino kubatsira kunzwisisa zviri kutsanangurwa.


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Rwizi Mazowe
Rwizi Mazowe (Mazowe River) rwizi rwuri muZimbabwe neMozambique. Rwizi urwu runotangira kuMaodzanyemba kweHarare rwoyerera ruchienda kuMaodzanyemba. Mugore ra1920 dhamu reMazowe rakavakwa 40km kubva kuHarare kuti ripe mvura inodiridza Mazowe Citrus Estates.
Rwizi urwu runopfuura nekunze kweguta reGlendale; vagari veguta iri vanowana mvura yavo kubva muDhamu riri parwizi urwu. Kubva apa rukova urwu runoyerera rwananga kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMabvazuva rwuchinodarika nzira yeBindura-Madziva pahoko ye20km kubva muBindura.
Vagari veShamva vanowana mvura yekunwa kubva muna rwizi Mazowe; apa rwizi rwunoonekwa pamugwagwa weShamva-Madziwa Mine. Rwizi Mazowe rwunoramba rwananga kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMabvazuva rwuchinova chikamu chemuganhu weZimbabwe-Mozambique pedyo neMudzi. Rwave muMozambique runenge rwave rwizi Luenha rwuchinodira muna rwizi Zambezi.
Nzizi dzinodira munaMazowe dzinosanganisira: Mupfurudzi; Kayirezi; Nyamuziwa.


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WASHINGTON—
Mutungamiri we African National Congress, ANC, VaJacob Zuma, vasarudzwa zvakare neChipiri kuti vatungamire bato ravo kwemamwe makore mashanu.
Kusarudzwa kwaVaZuma, avo vanova zvakare mutungamiri weSouth Africa, kunoreva kuti vanenge votarisirwa zvakare kumirira bato iri musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika muna 2014.
VaZuma vakasarudzwa semutungamiri wenyika muna 2009, mushure mekunge vasarudzwa kutungamira ANC muna 2007.
VaZuma, avo vave nemakore makumi manomwe, vanga vachikwikwidzwa nemutevedzeri wavo, VaKgalema Monthlante, musarudzo yapindwa nenhengo dze ANC dzinodarika zviuru zvina kuMangaung
, Bloemfontein.
VaZuma vawana mavhoti anodarika zviuru zviviri nemazana mapfumbamwe, ukuwo VaMonthlante vakawana mavhoti ari pasi pechiuru.
Muzvinabhizinesi ane mukurumbira mu South Africa, VaCyril Ramaphosa, ndivo vasarudzwa kuva mutevedzeri waVaZuma. VaGwede Manthashe vadzorwa semunyori mukuru webato, vachitevedzerwa naMuzvare Jessie Duarte.
Sachigaro webato, Amai Baleka Mbete, vadzoserwa sasachigaro webato, ukuwo VaZweli Mkize ndivo ndivo varudzwa kuva mubati wehomwe zvbichitevera kukunda kwavaita VaPaul Mashatile vedunhu reGauteng.
Vanhu vakawanda muZimbabwe vange vakamirira kunzwa zviri kubva kuSouth Africa sezvo VaZuma, kuburikidza nenyika yavo, vari ivo mutongi gava panyaya yeZimbabwe, chidanho chavakatora kubva kune vaimbova mutungamiri wenyika iyi, VaThabo Mbeki.
VaMbeki ndivo vakave mutongi gava weZimbabwe kusvika panyoreranwa chibvumirano cheGlobal Political Agreement muna gunyana 2008.
Nyanzvi munyaya dzezvematongerwo, uye vari maneja musangano reInstitute for a Democratic alternative Zimbabwe, VaJoy Mabenge, vanoti zvinofadza kuti VaZuma vabudirira sezvo zvichireva kuti vanoonderera mberi nekuyedza kugadzirisa nyaya yeZimbabwe.
Hurukuro naVaJoy Mabenge


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HARARE—
Madzimai ane mukurumbira mukurwira kodzero dzevanhu akasangana neChina manheru muchirongwa chekucherechedza nhoroondo yevanhu vatema muAmerica akakurudzira vanhu kuti vatsigire gwaro rebumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika pareferendamu ichaitwa mwedzi unouya.
Vachitaura pamusangano uyu, mumwe wevanhu vakarwira rusununguko, uye vakambotungamira bato reZimbabwe Union of Democrats, Amai Margaret Dongo, vakati zvakakosha kuti vanhu vatambire bumbiro idzva senzira yekufambisa zvinhu mberi munyika.
Amai Dongo, avo vakambenge vari nhengo yeparamende vachimirira Zanu PF vasati vava munhu anozvimirira, vakati makakatanwa ari muhurumende yemubatanidzwa anopedzwa nekuva nehurumende imwe chete, ichasarudzwa mushure mereferendamu.
Amai Dongo vakati wokunyange hazvo gwaro rebumbiro idzva riri kushorwa zvakanyanya, vanhu vanofanirwa kuziva kuti mumwe mukana wekunyora rimwe bumbiro idzva hauuye zvakare nyore nyore.
Vachitaurawo pamusangano uyu, Amai Netsai Mushonga veWomen’s Coalition of Zimbabwe, vakakurudzirawo vanhukadzi kuti vatambire gwaro iri sezvo richiremekedza kodzero dzavo kudarika riripo pari zvino.
Mukuru we Women of Zimbabwe Arise, Amai Jenni Williams, vakatiwo vanhu havafanirwe kurasikirwa nemukana uyu sezvavakaita muna 2000.
Amai Williams vakatiwo vachapa madzimai mukana wekunyatsonzwisisa kuti zvakakosha sei kuti vabvume kana kuramba kutambira bumbiro iri pareferendamu. Vakati havadi kuita zvakaitika apo vanhu vaikurudzirwa kusatsigira gwaro rebumbiro mureferendamu yemu 2000 pasina zvavaiziva zvaiva mugwaro iri.
Musangano uyu wakarongwa nemuzinda weAmerica muZimbabwe senzira yekurangira kurwira kodzero kwakaitwa nevatema vekuAmerica vakaita sa Amai Rosa Parks avo vakaramba kudzvanyirirwa kwevatema vaisungirwa kusimukira vachena mumabhazi nemuzvitima.
Amai Rosa Parks nevamwe vatema vakaita samuchakabvu Martin Luther King Junior vakashandisa nzira dzisina mhirizhonga mukati mukurwira kodzero dzevanhu vose.


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Hunyoro
Izwi rokuti hunyoro (Moisture) rinotaura kuvepo kwemvura pane chinhu chiri kutariswa. Hunyoro hunopimwa sechikamu pazana chehuremu hwechinhu chiri kutariswa.
Somuenzaniso ngatitii pane saga rechibage chinorema 50kg; toti vawongorori vakawona kuti chine hunyoro hunosvika 4%. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chibage ichi chine 2kg dzemvura. Chibage ichi chingataridzika sechakaoma asi kana chakandwa muhovhoni inopisa 2kg yemvura iyi inopfungaira chibage chakasara chisisina mvura zvachose.
Kana hunyoro huchirehwa huri mumhepo hunonzi munyonhi - humidity.
Kana hunyoro huchirehwa huri muzvirimwa zvakakohwewa sechibage hunonzi mutsvava; apa kuwomesa kwacho kunonzi kutsvanura.


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Cameroon
Cameroon inyika iri muAfrica iri kumadokero kweDunhu rePakati peAfrica.
Nyika dzakakomberedza Camerron dzinoti: Nigeria kumadokero; Chad kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva; Central African Republic kumabvazuva; nekuchamhembe kune Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, neRepublic of the Congo. Cameroon ine zita remadunhurirwa rokuti Africa doko nokuda kwehuwandu hwevanhu vakasiyana tsika nemagariro uye uwandu hwezvishongo zveketanyika. Nyika iyi yakashongedzwa nezvinoti: makomo, masango anonaya mvura; makura uye magwenga. Nzvimbo iri pakanyanya kukwirira ndiro Gomo reCameroon riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Maguta makurusa ndiwo anoti Douala, Yaoundé neGaroua. Cameroon ine mapoka endimi dzinotaurwa anodarika 200.
Nyika iyi inozivikanwa nokuda kwemhando yayo yemimhanzi kunyanya makossa nebikutsi uye chikwata chenhabvu chine mukurumbira wekugona nhabvu. French neEnglish ndiyo mitauro yekumahofisi.


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Matoro
Muchidzidzo chetaranyika, matoro (wetlands in English) izwi rinoreva nzvimbo inochengeta mvura ine sora, nhokwe kana tsanga. Matoro anonyanya kuwanikwa pedyo nerwizi kana kumiganhu yemapani nedondo. Vamwe vatauri vanoti deve kana kuti denhe.
Kare kare mupunga netsenza zvairimwa mumatoro. Pari zvino hakuchina matoro akawanda nokuda kwekuwanda kwevanhu nokukundika kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzine matoro.
Mumatoro munowanikwa datya; mukonikoni; humhutu netumwe tupuka. Miti, huswa netsanga zvinomerawo mumatoro.


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HARARE—
Munyori mubazi rezvekutakurwa kwezvinhu, uye vari sachigaro wekomiti yakasanobata chinzvimbo chebhobhi reAir Zimbabwe, VaMunesu Munodawafa, vanoti Air Zimbabwe inoda mamiriyoni makumi mashanu emadhora kuitira kuti ikwanise kushanda nemazvo ichiendesa ndege dzayo kwese kwayaisimboenda.
Vachipa humbowo kukomiti yeparamende inoona nezvekutakurwa kwezvinhu maererano nezvehurongwa hwekusimudzira kambani yeAir Zimbabwe, VaMunodowafa vati madhora mamiriyoni makumi matatu emari iyi achashandiswa mukubhadhara zvikwereti zvekambani iyi kunyika dzekunze.
VaMunodawafa vati zvikwereti zvese zvekambani iyi zvave kusvika pamamiriyoni zana nemakumi mapfumbabwe emadhora.
Vati kambani iyi yakatanga kubhururutsa ndege mukati menyika nekuSouth africa gore rapera mushure mekupihwa mamirioni mapfumbamwe emadhora nebazi rezvemari.
Vati mari zhinji iyi yakashandiswa kubhadhara zvikwereti kuSouth Africa izvo zvakazoita kuti ndege dzeAir Zimbabwe dzikwanise kumhara muSouth Africa.
Vatiwo nyaya yezvekwireti ndiyo iri kutadzisa Air Zimbabwe kuwana kambani yekunze yekushanda nayo.
VaMunodawafa vazivisawo kuti bhodhi idzva reAir Zimbabwe richange ravepo svondo rinouuya. Vati bhodhi iri rinotarisirwa kuvandudza kambani iyi nekuishambadza uye nekuona kuti yashanda nemazvo.
Vatiwo ndege zhinji dzeAir Zimbabwe dzakafa uye dzinotoda kutanga dzagadzirwa dzisati dzatanga kufamba.
Vakasanobata chinzvimbo chemukuru weAir Zimbabwe, VaInnocent Mavhunga, vaudzawo komiti iyi kuti Air Zimbabwe haisi kuita mari pari zvino nekuti iri kushandisa ndege hombe dzinofamba dzisina kuzara nguva dzese.
VaMunodawafa vati kunyange hazvo kambani iyi iine matambudziko, ichakwanisa kutakura vashanyi vese vachauya kumusangano weUnited Nations World Tourism Organisation General Assembly uchaitwa kuVictoria Falls nemuLivingstone muna Nyamavhuvhu gore rino.
Asi sachigaro wekomiti yeparamende inoona nezvekutakurwa kwezvinhu, VaBlessing Chebundo, vati komiti yavo hasi kufara nenyaya yekuti Air Zimbabwe haisati yave kunyatsofamba zvakanaka sezvainge zvataurwa negurukota rezvekutakurwa kwezvinhu, VaNicholas Goche.
Mugwaro ravakanyorera kukomiti iyi gore rapera, VaGoche vakati ndege dzeAir Zimbabe dzichazenge dzave kufamba zvakanaka munyika nemudunhu reSADC gore ra2012 risati rapera.
Mugwaro rimwe chetero, VaGoche vakati Air Zimbabwe inenge yave kushanda zvakanaka ichienda kunzvimbo dzese dzayaimboenda pakati pegore rino.
Asi VaChebundo vati havawoni izvi zvichiitika nekuti hapana hurongwa hwakatwasanuka hwekumutsiridza kambani iyi.
Air Zimbabwe yakambomisa ndege dzayo kufamba nekuda kwezvikwereti nemamwe matambudziko akaita sekushaya mari yekushandisa.


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HARARE—
America inoti iri kushushikana zvikuru nemaitiro evamwe muhurumende yemubatanidzwa vari kuda kudzorera Zimbabwe kumashure zvikuru sei mapurisa. America yatiwo zvirango zvakatemerwa vamwe vakuru muZimbabwe zvichabviswa chete kana munyika mukaitwa sarudzo dzakachena.
Mashoko aya ataurwa nemutevedzeri wemunyori anoona nezvekuchamhembe kweAfrica mubazi re Bureau of African Affairs mu America, VaReuben Brigety, pamwe nemutevedzeri wemunyori anoona nezvehutongo hwejechetere, Amai Karen Hanrahan, avo vari kushanya munyika.
Vachitaura nevatori venhau pamuzinda weAmerica mushure mekuita misangano yakawanda nevakuru vemapato ezvematongerwo enyika, vakuru muhurumende pamwe nevemasangano anoshanda akazvimirira, Amai Hanrahan vati zvinosuwisa kuti pane vamwe vari kutyityidzira vamwe, kukonzera mhirizhonga pamwe nekuti munyika musagadzikane.
Vati mapurisa ari kuratidzawo pachena kuti vari kushungurudza vemasangano akazvimirira uye ari kuratidza pachena kuti anoita basa rawo akarerekera kune rimwe bato rezvematongerwo enyika.
Vatiwo pane humbowo hunoratidzawo kuti masoja akatoendeswa kumaruwa kuti andotsvaga rutsigiro rwerimwe bato pamwe nekutyityidzira veruzhinji.
Vati vanotarisira kuti vatungamiriri vehurumende yemubatanidzwa vachagadzirisa zvese izvi kutira kuti vanhu vakwanise kuvhota vasingashungurudzwi.
Panyaya yekuti divi reZanu PF muhurumende riri kuti nyika dzakatemera Zimbabwe zvirango hadzisi kuzokokwa kuzoongorora sarudzo, VaBrigety vatiwo izvi hazvina zvazvinobatsira.
Vati Zimbabwe inobatsirikana chose kana sarudzo dzayo dzikachenurwa nenyika dzepasi rose pamwe nemasangano anobva munyika dzakasiyana siyana.
Zvichakadaro, VaBrigety vati gore rino Zimbabwe ine mukana mukuru wekuunza shanduko nebudiriro sezvakatika muna 1980.
Asi vaviri ava vati kana Zimbabwe ikasaita sarudzo dzakachena, America ichatora matanho anoenderana nezvinenge zvaitika uye zvirango zvakatemerwa Zimbabwe zvichabviswa chete kana pakave nesarudzo dzakejeka.
VaBrigety naAmai Hanrahan vakauya kuZimbabwe pasi pechirongwa chemumiriri weAmerica muZimbabwe, Ambassador Bruce Wharton, chekunatsurudza hukama pakati peAmerica neZimbabwe.


text:
Gudo
Gudo (baboon in English) imhuka yemusango yakafanana netsoko. mkudo ane mumhu unosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwegudo racho. makudo ari kuGuinea akareba 50cm uye ane huremu hunoita 14kg; makudo ari kuno kuChamhembe kweAfrica akareba 120cm uye ane huremu hunoita 40kg.
Tsumo[chinja | edit source]
- Gudo guru peta muskwe vapwere vagokuremekedza.
- Charovedzera charovedzera gudo rakakwaira mawere kwasvipa.
- Jerandoga zvinoreva mukono wegudo unogara woga. Izwi iri rinoshandiswawo kutaura handira kana dzimwewo mhuka dzinogara dzoga.
Zvinoita sekunge gudo rakabata pfungwa dzevanhu kunyanya nemaitiro aro kana kuti maramiro aro. MuChiShona gudo rine mazita akanyanya kuwanda. Mamwe mazita ndiwo anoti: bveni; diro; dede.
Muimbi Oliver Mtukudzi wakaimba, "Gudo munorivengerei, gudo haridye husiku? Nhunzi wawapumha ndiye anopa zvirwere".
Mazita emhuri nenzvimbo[chinja | edit source]
Kune mazita emhuri ane chitsama ane chekuita negudo. Mamwe ndiwo anoti: Nyamapfeni, Dirorimwe, Jerandoga, Chiro, zvichingodaro (zvd).
- Pamugwagwa unobva Concession uchienda kuMvurwi pane musha une zita rokuti Muswewenhede. Vamwe vatauri vanoti iri zita raifanirwa kuti Muswewedede - kureva muswe wegudo.


text:
HARARE—
Mutungamiri weMavambo Kusile Dawn, kana kuti MKD, VaSimba Makoni, vanoti komiti yeparamende iri kutungamira kunyorwa kwebumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika yeCOPAC inofanira kubuditsa gwaro rezvakabvumiranwa nevatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende.
Vachitaura nevatori venhau muHarare neChitatu, VaMakoni, vati COPAC inofanira kubuditsa gwaro rezvakawiriranwa pakati pevatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende yemubatanidzwa kuitira kuti veruzhinji vasaite zvekunzwa nemakuhwa.
Mutungamiri wenyika,Va Robert Mugabe, mutungamiri wehurumende, uye vari mutungamiri weMDC-T, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, mutevedzeri wavo muhurumende, Va Arthur Mutambara, pamwe nemutungamiri werimwe bato reMDC duku, Va Welshman Ncube, vakabvumirana svondo rapera pane zvavanga vasiri kuwirirana mumapato avo panyaya yekunyorwa kuri kuitwa bumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika.
VaMakoni vanoti zvavari kuziva zvakawiriranwa nevatungamiri ava, kubudikidza nemashoko akaburitswa munhau zvinoratidza kuti vatungamiri ava vari kuda kuchengetedza zvigaro zvavo chete.
Va Makoni vanoti kana gwaro iri rabuda, bato ravo ndipo parichatora danho rekuti rotsigira here bumbiro iri kana kuti kwete.
Hatina kukwanisa kunzwa divi reCOPAC panyaya yegwaro iri.
VaMakoni vanoti zviri kutaurwa nemumwe wemasachigaro eCOPAC anomirira Zanu PF, Va Paul Mangwana, zvekuti kana bumbiro riri kunyorwa iri rikarambwa neveruzhinji pareferendamu pachaitwa sarudzo pachishandiswa bumbiro raivepo pasati paumbwa hurumende yemubatanidzwa, hazvisi pamutemo.
Bumbiro remitemo riri kushanda pari zvino rinodoma VaMugabe kuti ndivo vachange vari mutungamiri wenyika uku VaTsvangirai vari mutungamiri wehurumende. VaMakoni vati dare reparamende rinotofanira kuvandudza bumbiro iri kuitira kuti zviri kutaurwa naVaManagwana izvi zviitike.
Panyaya yesarudzo, VaMakoni vati vari kuronga kuumba mubatanidzwa wevanhu vari kurwira shanduko munyika uchapinda musarudzo dzakatarisirwa kuitwa gore rino.
VaMakoni vakakwikwidza musarudzo dzemuna 2008 vakazvimirira, asi vachitsigirwa nebato re MDC yaitungamirwa na Arthur Mutambara, VaWelshman Ncube vari munyori mukuru webato iri, zvakakonzera kuti pave nekupatsanurana kwemavhoti zvakazoita kuti paitwe sarudzo dzechipiri idzo dzisina kuzofambiswa zvakanaka pakazopedzisira paumbwa hurumende yemubatanidzwa.
Sangano re National Constitutional Assembly rinoti richakurudzira veruzhinji kuti vasatambire gwaro rebumbiro idzva pareferendamu ichaitwa munyika sezvarakaita pareferendamu yakaitwa muna Kukadzi 2000.
Asi dzimwe nyanzvi munyaya dzematongerwo enyika dzinoti izvi zvinogona kutadza kuitika rwendo rwuno nekuti NCA yakabatsirwa neMDC panwe nevashandi mureferendamu ya 2000.


text:
HARARE—
Kuchatyokwa makumbo neMugovera apo vakomana vezvikwata zveDynamos ne Monomotapa vachange vachitamba mumakwikwi emukombe weMbada Diamonds Cup.
Mukombe uyu une mari yakawanda kudarika mimwe mikombe yose yemunyika.
Chikwata chichatora mukombe uyu, chichaenda kumba nemari inoita iyo zviuru zana zvemadhora, vachakundwa vacho vachitorawo mari inoita iyo zviuru makumi manomwe zvemadhora. Mari iyi ichipawo zvikwata izvi mukana wekupa vatambi vazvo mari yekisimisi.
Mutevedzeri wemurairidzi weDynamos, VaTonderayi Ndiraya, vanoti vari kutora mukombe uyu sezvo vakatovimbisa vatsigiri vavo.
Asi murairidzi weMonomotapa, VaBiggie Zuze, vanotiwo Dynamos yanyanyodziirirwa zvekuti kutonga kwayo mumukombe uyu, kuri kupera neMugovera.
VaZuze vanoti vatsigiri vavo vachange vachifara apo veDynamos vanenge vachitsvaga kuti varohwa nei pachapera mutambo uyu.
VaZuze vanoti vafara zvikuru kuti mutambi wavo ane mukurumbira ange akuvara, Tawanda Nyamandwe, achange achitamba mumutambo uyu.
Vatiwo vari kutarisira zvekare kuna Ronald Chitiyo uyo akasarudzwa pavatambi gumi nemumwe chete vakatamba zvinonwisa mvura mumakundano eCastle Lager Premier Soccer Star of the Year gore rino.
Dynamos iri kutarisira Simba Sithole kuita mashiripiti ake zvakare mumutambo uyu.
Kambani yeMbada Diamonds pamwe neveCastle Lager Premier Soccer League vari kuvimbisa vatsigiri venhabvu machikichori chaiwo pamutambo uyu.
Zviri kufadza ndezvekuti zvikwata zviviri izvi zvichange zvichimiririra Zimbabwe mumakundano emuAfria gore rinouya, Dynamos ichitamba muCAF Champions League, Monomotapa ichitambawo muCAF Confederation Cup umo iri kubatsirwa neMbada Diamonds nemari yekushandisa mumakwikwi emu Africa aya.
Zimbabwe ine nhoroondo yakasimba zvikuru mumakwiwi ezvikwata zvemuAfrica. Dynamos yakasvika mumakwikwi ekupedzisira eCAF Champions League muna 1998, ikasvika musemi final
muna 2008 nemu mini league stage
muna 1999.
Monomotapa yacho yakaita zvanga zvisingatarisirwe apo yakasvika mumini league stage
muna 2009. Izvi zvabva zvasiya mukombe we Mbada Diamonds Cup uchirwirwa nemhondoro mbiri dzenhabvu muZimbabwe.


text:
WASHINGTON—
Mukuru wesangano reCommunity Working Group On Health, Va Itai Rusike, vanoti sangano ravo rakatanga chirongwa chekushanyira mumaruva akasiyana siyana mumativi mana enyika kuti vanzwe matambudziko ari kusangana neveruzhinji munyaya dzezvehutano.
VaRusike vanoti chirongwa ichi chinozivikanwa nezita rinonzi “Health Literacy Program,” uye chinopa ruzivo kune veruzhinji pamusoro penyaya dzezvehutano hwavo munharaunda dzavanogara.
VaRusike vanoti vakakwanisa kushanya kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinosanganisira Chipinge, Beitbridge, Bulawayo nedzimwewo vachidzidzisa veruzhinji kodzero dzavo munyaya dzezvehutano.
VaRusike vanoti pari zvino vatove negwaro rine nhunha dzeveruzhinji vekumaruva iro vachasvitsa kumapazi ehumumende ezvehutano nemamwewo anokwanisa kugadzirisa matambudziko aya.
Sangano iri rinoti matambudziko ari kusangana neveruzhinji mumaruva anosanganisira kushaya mari yekukwanisa kutenga mishonga yezvirwere zvinorapika pamwe nekushaikwa kwechikafu chakakwana zvikuru chevana vari kuenda kuchikoro.
VaRusike vanoti vanodavira kuti zvichemo zveveruzhinji zvichatambirwa zvogadziriswa nehurumende sezvo pari zvino mapazi aya ari mushishi mekuronga mabhajeti egore rinouya.
Hurukuro naVa Itai Rusike


text:
WASHINGTON—
Magweta emutungamiri wehurumende, uye vari mutungamiri weMDC, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, anonzi ari kupikisa mudare repamusoro mutongo wapihwa neChishanu nedare ramejasitireti wekukanzura rezenisi rakanga rapihwa VaTsvangirai kuti vachate nemudiwa wavo, Elizabeth Macheka.
Muchato uyu wakarongwa kuti uitwe neMugovera, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru vachange vari kumuchato uyu vanosanganisira mutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, mutungamiri weMalawi, Amai Joice Banda, mutungamiri weSwaziland, Mambo Mswati.
Magweta aVaTsvangirai anonzi ari kuda kuti dare repamusoro, iro rakarasa neChitatu chikumbiro chaMuzvare Locardia Karimakwenda chekuti muchato uyu usaenderere mberi, rishandise mutongo uyu kuitira kuti mutongo wedare repasi, wapihwa nemutongi wedare ramejasitireti, VaMunamato Mutevedzi, usaremekedzwe.
VaMutevedzi ndivo zvakare vakapa VaTsvangirai rezenisi rekuchata, avo vazorikanzura neChitatu.
Studio7 haina kukwanisa kutaura nerimwe remagweta aya, VaThabani Mpofu, kuti tinzwe kuti nyaya iyi yava papi.
Ukuwo rimwe remagweta aMuzvare Karimakwenda Tembo, Va Dumisani Mthombeni, havana kuwanikwa kuti tinzwewo divi ravo.
Asi MDC inotungamirwa naVaTsvangirai inoti iri kuenderera mberi nehurongwa hwemuchato uyu neMugovera.
Bato iri riri kukoka veruzhinji kuti vaende neMugovera kumabiko ekupemberera muchato uyu kuGlamis Stadium muHarare.
Vanoronga nezvemisangano muMDC, VaNelson Chamisa, vanoti hurongwa hwavo huri kuenderera mberi neMugovera.


text:
Pawa
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Pawa (Power) izwi rinodudzira kuitwa kwebasa paumwe hwechiyero chenguva. Pawa inopimwa nechiyero chinonzi Watt kana kuti (Joules/Second). Kana takatarisa mwenje wegetsi yakanyorwa kunzi 100Watts umwe 50Watts, kureva kuti mwenje wokutanga unoshandisa simba remagetsi rakapwetwa kaviri zvichienzaniswa nemwenje wechipiri. Uye tikatora varume vaviri wokutanga asenga masaga 50 echibage pama hour 4, wepiri akasenga masaga echibage 50 pamaawa 6 - wekutanga anenge ashanda nepawa rakakura pane wepiri.
Kushandurwa kwesimba kunogona kushandiswa kuita basa saka pawa inogonawo kurehwa sehuyero hwemudida (rate) wekuita basa. Basa rakafanana rinogona kuitwa nemunhu anokwira masitepusi akatakura saga rehupfu zvisinei kuti amhanya kana kuti afamba here, asi pawa yakawandiswa inoshandiswa pakumhanya nekuti basa racho rinoitwa munguva ishoma kupfura kana munhu wacho akamhanya.
Chiyero[chinja | edit source]
Nzenda (dimension) yepawa isimba kugova pana nguva. Chiyerwo muSI iWatt, yakatsazana neJoule rimwe pasekondi. Zvimwewo zviyero zvepawa zvinosanganisirawo masimbabhiza (horsepower), mafoot-pounds pamineti, nemakarori (calorie) paawa anoshandiswa munezvekudya. Simbabhiza rimwe rakaenzana nema33 000 foot-pounds pamineti zvakaenzanawo nemawatt 746.
Pawa mumaSisitemu eChimakanika[chinja | edit source]
Pawa mumasisitemu echimakanika (mechanical systems) isanganisiro yemafosi nehusuduruka. Chikuru, pawa maunga mhande efosi inoshanda pachinhu nemuchacha hwechinhu ichocho, kana kuti maunga mhande etoki (torque) pachiro chakaoma (rigid body) negonya muchacha (angular velocity) hwechiro ichocho.
Pawa mumakanika inokwanisawo kutsanangurwa setoredzero yebasa munguva (time derivative of work). Muzvemamakanika (mechanics), basa rinoitwa ne fosi F pachiro chinenge chichifamba munzira yakakombwa (curved path) C inopihwa neindegira pamutsetse (line integral):
panova x iri nzira C ne v uri muchacha munzira iyi. Toredzero munguva yetsazaniso yebasa inopa pawa panguva imwe se:
Mumasisitemu anoziririka, pawa huunga mhande hwetoki t negonya muchacha w,
panova w inoyerwa muma redhieni pasekondi.
Pawa muMagetsi[chinja | edit source]
Pawa yemagetsi inopihwa kune michina kana chinhu chinoshanda nemagetsi pane nguva imwe chete inowanikwa netsazaniso inoti
pachiva ne
- P(t) sepawa panguva imwe chete inoyerwa mumaWatts (Joules/Second),
- I(t) rufuvha rwemagetsi (Current) runoyerwa nemaAmperes,
- V(t) sebasa paumwe hwechaji (Voltage) rinoyerwa nemaVolts.
Kana kamuchina kanenge kachishandiswa kari rizisita (resistor) inenge ine resho yebasa paumwe hwechaji kunerufuvha isingachinje, zvinotevera kuti:
pane


text:
Madirano eNzizi
Madirano (river confluence) enzizi zvinoreva panosangana nzizi dzichiva rwizi rumwe. Kubva panosangana nzizi mbiri, rwizi runoyenda mberi runokwanisa kupiwa zita idzwa rakasiyana nenzizi dzokutanga kana kuti runotora zita rerumwe rwizi rwapinda pamadirano.
- Somuenzaniso kubva pamadirano arwizi Mupfure narwizi Munyati, zita rerwizi rwunoyenda mberi rinoshanduka kuva rwizi Sanyati.
- Mune dzimwe nguva rwizi rwunoenda mberi kubva pamadirano rwunotora zita reimwe yenzizi dzasvika pamadirano. Sokuti panodira rwizi Sanyati muna rwizi Zambezi, rwizi rwunoenda mberi rwutora zita rokuti Zambezi.


text:
Morgan Tsvangirai
Mutungamiri Wenyika ye Zimbabwe uye weBato reMDC, akaberekerwa muna 1952 mudunhu reGutu, achibva kumusha weBhuhera.Anoziwikanwa nekushanda kumugodhi wekuTrojan, mudunhu reBindura, achizokwira-wo pazvidanho, kusvikira aitwa mutungamiriri weZCTU, boka remaunganidzwa rinoona nezvemamiriro evashandi muZimbabwe yese.Akabata chidanho ichi kubva mugore ra1987 kusvika muna 1999, apo akandobatsirana kuronga bato idzva rezvematongerwe enyika reMDC, iro anotungamira kusvika parizvino.
Nhasi anoziwikanwa semunhu akange akakodzera chituso cheNoble Peace Prize, nemabatiro ake aakita basa resunungura vana veZimbabwe kubva muhudzvanyiriri hwevamwe vechitema.


text:
Asia
Asia ndiro ziendaenda redunhu rakabatana neAfrica neEurope. Asia ndieo ziwumbe rakakura pana ose pahuwandu hwevanhu uye kukura kwedunhu racho.
Taranyika[chinja | edit source]
Asia ndiyo chikamu chiri kumabvazuva kweziendanakuenda reEurasia. Asia neEurope dzine muganhu pachisuvi chemvura chiri pamakomo eUral neCaucasus, parwizi Ural, negungwa Caspian Sea neBlack Sea. Dzinoganhurana zvakare pamvura inobatanidza Black Sea neAegean Sea. KuMaodzanyemba kweEurope kune Artic Sea nemamwe makungwa, kuMadokero kune gungwa Atlantic, kuChamhembe kune gungwa Mediterranean neBlack Sea nemuronga unobatanidza magungwa aya. Europe inopatsanurana neAfrica pagungwa reMediterranean iyo iri kuMaodzanyemba kweAfrica.
Kubva panyika yeTurkey zvichienda kumabvazuva inenge yava Asia, ichinobatanidzira Middle East, India, China, kunosvika kuKorea. Asia ine zvitsuwa zvakawanda zvinosanganisira Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Hong Kong, nezvimwewo.
Nyika dzine hugari hwevanhu vazhinji dziri muAsia dzinoti, China, India, neIndonesia. Russia ndiyo nyika yakanyanya kukura muziwumbe reAsia.


text:
Dare reMabhuyo
Parliament of Zimbabwe ndiyo nzvimbo inosangana vamiriri vakavhoterwa nevanhu kuti vava vanomirira zvido zvevanhu kudare reParamende. Chivakwa ichi chiri pakati peguta reHarare.
Kuturukira Zita[chinja | edit source]
Mukutaura mazuvaose tinoturikira tichiti Paramende. Shoko rokuti Parliament rinobva kushoko reFrench yakare rinoti parle richireva to speak, apa kureva kuti paramende imba inosangana vamiriri vematunhu ekuvhota vachitaura zvakakosha zvenyika nezvematunhu avanomirira. Kutsvaga zita idzwa rinotaura neChiShona tingati imba iyi inganzi Dare reMabhuyo, apa mabhuyo zvichirevera nhau kana mashoko akakosha emusha. Shoko rokuti mabhuyo (interesting matter of conversation) rinoreva misoro yenhaurwa (kana mhaka) yakakosha inokwezva vateereri nemakurukota.


text:
Maunga huwandu
Muchidzidzo masvomhu maunga huwandu (multiplication in English) enhamba mbiri, chiitiko chakafanana nekuunganidza mapoka akawanda zvakaenzana nenhamba yechipiri, boka rimwe nerimwe rine nhengo dzinokwana kuenzana nenhamba yekutanga. Panoitwa maunga huwandu nhamba yekutanga inenge ichiwedzaniswa kanokwana kuenzana nenhamba yechipiri. Asiwo nhamba yechipiri inogona kuva iyo iri kuwedzaniswa kanokwana kuenzana nenhamba yekutanga.
Somuenzaniso, nhatu (3) kuunga ina (4), zvakafanana nokuwedzanisa nhatu (3) kanokwana kana (4):
Nokumwe kutaura panganzi zvinhu zvitatu zviri kupetwa kana. Apa tinenge tichivamba kuverenga boka rezvitatu rokutanga kusvika pane boka rechina racho. Saka kuti tirerutse kutaura, paya panonzi kuEnglish, 12 times 10 isu tinokwanisa kuti gumi nembiri kuunga gumi - kureva kudzokorora kuverenga boka rezvinhu gumi nembiri kanokwana kagumi.
Kupiwa kwezita[chinja | edit source]
Shoko rokuti kuunga (collecting, gathering) rinoreva kubatanidza zvinhu pamwe chete. Saka kuunga huwandu pano kunoreva kuunganidza nhamba dzine hukuru husiri kuchinja, hunozivikanwa. Izvi zvoreva kuti nhamba iri pakutanga inogona kuva iyo huwandu, iyo iri pechipiri ndiyo inoverenga kuti pane huwandu hungani huri kuungiwa.
Kujekesa
- Pamuenzaniso uri pamusoro 3 X 4 = 12: apa chaunga chezvinhu gumi nezviviri ndihwo huwandu hunobuda pakuunga nhatu (3) kanokwana kana (4).
- Nemumwe muonero tinogona kuti chaunga chezvinhu gumi nezviviri (12) chinowanikwa pakuti chimwe nechimwe chemapoka mana (4) chaunganidza nhengo nhatu (3).
- Pamuenzaniso uri pamusoro tingati pane mapoka mana (4), rimwe nerimwe rine nhengo nhatu (3) ari kuunganidzwa kanokwana kana (4) achizopa nhengo gumi nembiri.
- Izwi rokuti chaunga riri kushandiswa pano kureva zvinhu zvizhinji zvinonzi multiple kuEnglish.
- Saka pano tinogona kutaura kuti zvinhu gumi nembiri (12) chaunga cha 3 na 4. KuEnglish zvonzi 12 is a multiple of 3 and 4.
- Takatora chero nhamba n, toti n kuunga 0, tinoreva kuti n aunganidzwa kanokwana ka zero saka hapana chiripo. Mhinduro yacho ya n x 0 = 0.
Chiitiko chokuunga huwandu ndicho chinoshandiswa pakuita Tafura yekuunga huwandu - multiplication tables. Somuenzaniso kana shanu ariye nhamba iri kuraviwa nayo tinoti: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45..., zvichingodaro.
Kurerutsa mutauro
Zvakafanira kuti pange pachiturikirwa mazwi kubva kuEnglish kuenda kuChishona kuti zvireruke pakutaura masvomhu. Saka mukutaura mazuva ose zvinenge zvamira sezvizvi:
- Multiplication inenge ichinzi maunga huwandu,
- Multiplying yonzi iyo kuunga.
- Pakutaura zvizere, four multiplied by 5 kunenge kuchinzi ina kuungashanu.
- Pakutaura muchidimbu, four times five inenge yonzi zvina kuunga shanu.
- Cherechedzai kuti zviri kutaurwa zvakafanana nezvizvi zviri pasi; kubatanidza ana 4 kanokwana kashanu (5):
Manyorerwo[chinja | edit source]
Kuunga kunonyanya kunyorwa kuchishandiswa chiratidzo chekuunga huwandu "x" pakati penhamba dziri kuunga. Mhedzisiro yacho inopangidzwa nechiratidzo chekuenzana (equals sign). Somuenzaniso:
- (Pakutaura muchidimbu, mbiri (2) kuunga nhatu (3) zvakaenzana na 6)
- (Pakutaura zvizere, nhatu (3) kuunga ina zvakaenzana ne gumi nembiri)
Kune manyorero akawanda anoshandiswa pakuunga sezvizvi:


text:
Kubhabhatidza
Kubhabhatidza (baptism in English) itsika inoitwa nevatendi vechiKristu yekupinza mutendi mutsva mumvura. Tsika iyi inoitwa mushure mokunge munhu agamuchira Jesu Kristu achitenda kuti muponesi uye ndiShe. Maitirwo ayo kumaKereke mazhinji anoti munhu anonyudzwa muviri wake mumvura zhinji kuchitaurwa mashoko anoti, "Ndinokubhabhatidza muzita raBaba, neraMwanakomana, neraMweya Mutsvene. Kubhabhatidzwa mucherechedzo wokutanga wokuti munhu ave mutendi kuna Jesu Kristu uye unocherechedza kubviswa kwezvivi zvemunhu.


text:
Kubundira
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, kubundira (Condensation) zvinoreva kushanduka kwemupfunga wemvura (water vapour) uchiva madonhwe emvura. Kana takatarisa nhevedzwa yemvura, mwando wemvura unobundira kuita makore kana kuita mhute.
Kujekesa
Zvakakosha kuti tinonesane kuti mwando wemvura unobundirawo zvakare kuita magodo uchidarika danho rokumbova mutuvi; izvi zvinoitika kunyika dzinotonhora panguva imwe chete inoverereka magodo echando kuita mupfunga wemvura - sublimation.
Naizvozvo misandu miviri inoti mutuvi negodo inonzi misandu yakabundira - condensed phases.


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Mutsendo
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, mutsendo (Plane, flat area) izwi rinoreva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura. Mutsendo unogonga kunge wakamiswa wakaita mutwi kana kurara kuti sandarara (horizontal) kana kurereka neipi zvayo gonya. Mutsendo uso hune nzenda mbiri chete, hwasha nehurefu; mutsendo hauna hudzamu. Somuenzaniso kana takatarisa pamusoro petafura yakanatsa kukwenenzverwa tinenge tiri kuona mutsendo
Izwi iri ririkutorwa kubva pamutsendo chinova chombo chinoshandiswa nevanoveza mapuranga. Mutsendo (plane kuEnglish) unoshandiswa kuveza mapuranga kuti puranga rive neuso hwakati chechetere husina makomba uye husina kumanzika.


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WASHINGTON—
Gurukota rinoona nezvematunhu, VaIgnatious Chombo, vanoti hurumende yatotanga kubvisa vanhu kunzvimbo dziri pedyo nedhamu reTokwe Mukosi kuMasvingo iro rotyirwa kuti rinogona kubvajuka rikayeredza vanhu.
NeMuvhuro VaChombo nevamwe vakuru vehurumende, kusanganisira gurukota rinoona nezveku Masvingo, VaKudakwashe Bhasikiti, vainge vari kuTokwe Mukosi vachiona mamiriro akaita zvinhu munzvimbo iyi.
VaChombo vanotiwo vari kutarisirawo kuti kusvika neChipiri vanhu vange vapotera musvitsuwa pedyo nedhamu iri vanenge vanunurwa nezvikopokopo zveAir Force. Vamwe vanhu vange vachitamiswa nehurumende.
NeSvondo mutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, vakati nyaya yedambudziko remafashamu yave nhamo huru yoiswa mumaoko ehurumende kana kuti "state of disaster".
Izvi zvave kureva kuti nyika yave kukwanisa kutsvaga mari kune nyika dzekunze pamwe nemasangano ekunze anopa rubatsiro.
Mukuru webazi rehurumende reCivil Protection Unit rinobatsira vawirwa nematambudziko akadai, VaMadzudzo Pawadyiwa, vanoti hurumende haina kuvapa mari yakakwana yekubatsira vanenge vawirwa nedambudziko remafashamu.
Nzvimbo dziri muMatatebeland South, Masvingo neMashonaland Central dzakatarisana nedambudziko remafashamu iri.
Hurukuro naVaIgnatious Chombo


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WASHINGTON— Vakuru vakuru munyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika kubva kumapato akasiyanya siyana, vakuru vemachechi nevemasangano akazvimirira vanopfuura chiuru vaungana kuChadchomb vachionekana naMuzvinafundo John Makumbe, avo vakashaya nemusi weSvondo muHarare.
Vange varipo vanosanganisira makurukota kubva kuMDC-T, VaTendai Biti naVaNelson Chamisa, mutungamiri weMavambo, VaSimba Makoni, nhengo yeZanu-PF Politiburo, Amai Abigail Damasani, sachigaro weNational Constitutional Assembly, VaLovemore Madhuku, uye vaimbova muridzi webepanhau reMirror, VaIbbo Mandaza.
VaJohn Mudiwa Washe Makumbe vakaberekwa munaChivabvu 6 1949 kuBuhera. Vashaya vave nemakore makumi matanhatu nematatu ekuberekwa uye vakaberekwa vari musope.
Muna 1996 VaMakumbe vakavamba sangano reZimbabwe Albino Association rinobatsira vanhu vanorarama nehusope.
Muzvinafundo aizivikanwa nekupikisa humbimbindoga hweZanu-PF kwemakore akawanda. VaMakumbe vakamborohwa nekusungwa nemapurisa mun 2003 vachiratidzira pamwe nevamwe vemacheci nevemasangano akazvimirira.
Vakamboita sachigaro weTransparency International Zimbabwe uye vakavawo vamwe vevakavamba sangano reCrisis in Zimbabwe Coalition uye reNational Constitutional Assembly. VaMakumbe vakadzidza muZimbabwe, kuBotswana, Birmingham neTasmania uye vakadzidzisa kwemakore akawanda paUniversity of Zimbabwe.
Gore rapera, VaMakumbe vakazivisa kuti vaimbenge vosendeka parutivi nyaya dzekudzidzisa vachipinda munyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika vachikwikwidza vakamirira MDC-T kuBuhera West, sezvo mumiriri wenzvimbo iyi, uye vari gurukota rezvebumbiro remitemo nemabasa eparamende, VaEric Matinenga, vakati vava kusiya basa rekuita zvematongerwo enyika nguva dzose.
Vaviri ava vange vachishanda vose zvakanaka. Mutauriri wemhuri yekwaMakumbe, VaFidelis Kagura, vanoti VaMakumbe vacharadzikwa kuBuhera neChitatu.


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Rupfuturanegetsi
Rupfuturanegetsi (Electrolysis in English) chiitiko chinoshandiswa kupfutura maAyoni akabatana kuti apatsanurwe kuchishandiswa magetsi. Apa maAyoni anenge ari mumunyungu unopereka magetsi unonzi. Chiitiko ichi chinoshandiswa paSable Chemicals kuKwekwe apo vanoshandisa magetsi kupatsanura oxygen ne hydrogen anova magasi anogadzira mvura.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
Zvakanaka kuti tipe mashoko anorerutsa kuzotaura zvidzidzo izvi tichipfuurira mberi.
- Oxygen can be obtained by electrolysis of water - pakuturikira toti Oxygen inowanikwa panoitwa rupfuturanegetsi rwemvura.
- Electrolytic solution yokuturikirwa kunzi munyungu wemupfutukanegetsi.
- Electrowinning inenge yonzi
- Electrorefining inenge yonzi runatsanegetsi; electrorefiner yonzi munatsanegetsi.


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Chitendero
Chitendero izwi rinoshandiswa kududza tsika yevanhu yekunge vane wavanonamata kana chavanonamata samwari wavo. Kune zvitendero zvizhinji Pasirose zvinosanganisira:
- ChiKristu - ava vanhu vanonamata Mwari akasika denga nenyika vachitenda kuti akatuma mwanakomana wake Jesu Kristu pano panyika kuti ave chibayiro chokuregererwa kwezvivi zvavanhu.
- Islam - ava vanhu vanotenda kuna Allah wavanoti akatuma mutumwa wake anonzi Mahommed.
- ChiJudah - ichi chinamato cherudzi rwemaJudah vanotenda kuna Mwari akasika denga nenyika, iyeyu Mwari mumwechete neuyo anonamatwa nemaKristu asi maJudah havatendi kuna Jesu Kristu.


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Eritrea
Eritrea inyika iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva mudunhu rinonzi Runyanga rweAfrica. Gutaguru renyika iyi rinonzi Asmara; iyo Eriteria yakaganhurana nenyika dzinoti: Sudan kumadokero; Ethiopia kuchamhembe; neDjibouti iri kumabvazuva. Matunhu ari kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEriteria ane miganhu wakatambarara uri paGungwa Dzvuku, kwakatarisana nenyika dzinoti Saudi Arabia neYemen. Nyika iyi ine nharaunda inoda yakakura kusvika skweya ekiromita 117,600 tichisanganisira Ruwarinako rweZvitsuwa zveHanish neRuwarikano rweZvitsuwa zveDahlak.
Nyika yeEritrea ine marudzi mazhinji evanhu, kune marudzi mapfumbamwe ane anozivikanwa ane makonzwa. Nyika iyi ine hugari hwevanhu mamirioni matanhatu. Vagari vemo vazhinji vanotaura misaku yemitauro yeAsia neAfrica iri mitauro yezvizvarwa zveMhuri dzaShem neMhuri dzaCush. Marudzi eVaTigrinya ane zvizvarwa zvinokwana kusvika 55% yehugari hwevanhu, ayawo marudzi eVaTigre achibata chikamu chinosvika 33% yevagari muEritrea. Kunoitawo marudzi ezvidza zveNile vane mitauro yenharaunda yeNile-Sahara. Vagari vazhnji veEritrea vanotecedza zvitendero zvechiKristu nechiIslam.


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WASHINGTON—
Nhengo dzose makumi maviri neshanu dzekomiti yeparamende iri kutungamira kunyorwa kwebumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika, yeCOPAC, dziri kutarisirwa kusangana muHarare nemusi weChina kuti dzitambire zviri pamutemo gwaro rebumbiro idzva ravepo, pamwe nekutarisa gwaro reNational Report zvisati zvaendeswa kuparamende.
Komiti iyi yakasangana zvakare neChipiri ikapirwa gwaro iri nemasachigaro eCOPAC ari matatu anoti, VaDouglas Mwonzora veMDC T, VaMunyaradzi Paul Mangwana veZanu PF, pamwe naVaEdward Mkhosi veMDC inotungamirwa naVaWelshman Ncube.
Vatungamiri vemapato ari muhurumende ndivo vakatozopindira kuti vapedze kusawirirana pamusoro penyaya yekuendeswa kwemasimba kumatunhu, neyekuti zvizvarwa zveZimbabwe zvikwanise kuve zvizvarwa zvedzimwe nyika zvisingarasikirwe nekodzero yazvo, uko kwanga kuripo kwanga kwotadzisa kupedzwa kwechirongwa ichi.
VaMwonzora vaudza Studio 7 kuti vanotarisira kupira paramende nezvedanho ravo rekuda kusvitsa gwaro rebumbiro iri nemusi weChipiri nyaya yacho yozozeyiwa muparamende neChitatu.
Hurukuro naVaDouglas Mwonzora


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Zuvaragodza
Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika, mazuva eZuvaragodza (solstice) anoitika June 20-21 neDecember 20-21. Pamazuva aya hafu yenyika inowana chiedza chine maawa arakarebesa (longest daylight hours) imwe hafu ichiwana chiedza chine maawa akashomekesa (shortest daylight hours).
- Pamazuva June 20-21 Earth inenge iri panzvimbo muboterekwa yokuti North pole inenge yakanongedza kuzuva yakatsveyamira kuzuva ne 23.5o. Denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti North pole haipinde murima zvokuti North pole inowana 24 maawa echiedza. Denderedzwa reChiedza rinenge rakaita muganhu palatitude 66.5oN panova ndipo panotangira Arctic Circle. Panguva imwechete, South pole inenge yakanongedza kwakapesana nezuva, denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti South pole inoramba iri murima. South pole inowana 24 maawa erima.
Pamazuva aya, nzvimbo dzose dziri kuMaodzanyemba eMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza kwemahawa anodarika 12; nzvimbo dzose dziri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza chiri kwemahawa ari pasi pe 12. Hafu yekuMaodzanyemba inenge iri mumwaka weZhizha, hafu yekuChamhembe inenge iri mumwaka wechando.
- Pamazuva December 20-21 Earth inenge iri panzvimbo muboterekwa yokuti South pole inenge yakanongedza kuzuva yakatsveyamira kuzuva ne 23.5o. Denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti South pole haipinde murima zvokuti South pole inowana 24 maawa echiedza. Denderedzwa reChiedza rinenge rakaita muganhu palatitude 66.5oS panova ndipo panotangira Antarctic Circle. Panguva imwechete, North pole inenge yakanongedza kwakapesana nezuva, denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti North pole inoramba iri murima. Nouth pole inowana 24 maawa erima.
Pamazuva aya, nzvimbo dzose dziri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza kwemahawa anodarika 12; nzvimbo dzose dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza chiri kwemahawa ari pasi pe 12. Hafu yekuChamhembe inenge iri mumwaka weZhizha, hafu yekuMaodzanyemba inenge iri mumwaka wechando.


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MASVINGO—
Gurukota rezvevechidiki nekuendesa hupfumi kuvatema rinoti mitemo yekupa hupfumi kuvatema haisi yekuvenga vachena vari munyika asi kuti ndeyekuti vatema nevachena vave nemikana yakaenzana munyaya dzehupfumi.
Vachivhura musangano wevechidiki vari mumabhizimusi nevanoda kuita mabhizimusi kuMasvingo neChina, VaSavior Kasukuwere vati mitemo yekupa vatema hupfumi iripo pakugadzirisa musiyano uripo pakati pevarungu nevatema.
Pasi pemitemo yekupa hupfumi kuvatema makambani ose ekunze anofanira kupa zvikamu makumi mashanu nechimwe kubva muzana kuvatema vemunyika.
VaKasukuwere vati ivo pachavo havavengi vachena nokuda kweganda ravo asi kuti zvavasingafariri kutorwa kwakaitwa hupfumi hwenyika nevachena.
Vatiwo vasati vabuda muhurumende, vachatsvaka mushandi wechirungu anovabikira kana anoshanda mugadheni ravo.
VaKasukuwere vabvuma ivo kuti chirongwa chavo chekupa hupfumi kuvatema chine zvakakanganiswa zvakawanda, asi izvi hazvivadzoseri shure pakuona kuti vatema vatora hupfumi hwavo.
VaKasukuwere vashoropodzawo gurukota rezvemari, VaTendai Biti, vachiti vari kuisa zvirango kune vechidiki munyika nokusavapa mari dzezvirongwa zvakasiyana siyana.
Vakurudzirawoo vechidiki vakwawana zvikwereti kubva kubazi ravo kuti vadzosere zvikwereti izvi.
Vachitaurawo pagungano rimwe chetero, gavhuna weMasvingo, Va Titus Maluleke, vati chirongwa chekupa hupfumi kuvatema chicharamba chakatarisana nematambudziko nekuda kwevamwe vanhu vanokurudzira vechidiki kuti vasiyane nacho.
Musangano wemazuva matatu uyu wapindwa nevanhu vashoma, uye wange wakarongwa ne sangano re Youth Initiators Association of Zimbabwe.


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Isaac Newton
VaSir Isaac Newton (4 Ndira 1643 – 31 Kurume 1727) vaiva scientist nephilosopher vane mukurumbira vaibva kuEngland.
Zviitwa zvikuru[chinja | edit source]
Muchidzidzo chemasvomhu, vaNewton vakawedzera zvikuru, ruzivo rwedu rwemasvomhu. Nharaunda dzavakabetsera kuwedzera ruzivo dzinosanganisira zvese mukubva mukarikurasi (calculus), pimanzvimbo nealgebra. Pamwe chete naGottfried Wilhelm Leibnizvakabatsira kuumba ruzivo rwedu rwekarikurasi - nyangwe vakashanda vakazvimiririra. Muchidzidzo chefundoyetsimba, vaNewton vakawanikidza kuti chiedza chichena hachisi cheruvara rimwe asi chakagadzirwa nemavara avakapa zita rekuti ma"primary colours" (mavara ekutanga). "Experimentum crucis" yavo inehumbowo hwedudzirazivo (theory) yavo yekugadzirwa kwechiedza murutsaudzo runoitika kana chiedza chichipfuura nemuzhumwi.
Mukudzidza kwekukuhamba (motion), mabhuku aNewton, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", akakosha zvikuru mufundoyetsimba yanhasi. Bhuku rekutanga mumabhuku acho rinopa uye rinotsanangura Mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton (motion) inganyorwa sezvizvi:
- Mutemo wekutanga: Pachinge pasina fosi rokunze rinotsimbira, mitumbi yose inoramba iri pakuzorora, kana pakuhamba kusingachinje kunotevedza gwara rakatwasuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutumbi wakazorora unoramba wakazorora kusvika watekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Zvakare mutumbi uri kuhamba unoramba uri kuhamba nespidhi imwechete uye rudzivo rusingachinje kusvika apo unotekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Uyu mutemo unodanwazve kuti mutemo wechinepfu.
- Mitemo wechipiri: Apo mutumbi unohamba, rufangu rwawo a rwunotevedza rudzivo rwakati sambamba nefosi riri kutekenya; rufangu nefosi zvine muzasedimbu wekuteverana uye rufangu nehuremu zvine muzasedimbu wakasunama. Izvi zvinoreva kuti rufangu rwunokwira panokwira fosi uye rufangu rwunodzika panokwira huremu. Mutemo wechipiri uyu unonyorwa netsazaniso inotevera F = m.a
- Mutemo wechitatu: Pane fosi inodhaya yose pane imwe fosi inotsiva ine rudzivo rwakapesana kana kupikisana nefosi inodhaya. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mitumbi miviri ichiita mutsimba wefosi, fosi inodhaya nefosi inotsiva dzine huhombe hwakaenzana asi fosi idzi dzinongedza mativi akapesana.


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Fosi yeRutondapakati
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Fosi yeRutondapakati (centripetal) ifosi inokonzera mutumbi kufamba pamunyongo; inokonzera kuti mutumbi usataramuka kubva pachimiso chiri pakati pemunyonga kana denderedzwa. Mafambiro akadai anokonzerwa nokunge paine fosi ine yakananga kana kutonda pakati pemunyonga kana kuti denderedzwa.
Fosi yeRutondapakati (centripetal force) zvinoreva fosi inokonzera kuti mutumbi ufambe nespidhi isingachinje panzira yakaita denderedzwa. Fosi yeRutondapakati ine rudzivo rwakarurama nerudzivo rwemuchacha wemutumbi wacho.
Isaac Newton akatsangura achiti Fosi yehudzivapakati ifosi inokonzera kuti mutumbi ufambe nenzira yokunge uri kuvavarira kana kukwezvewa kuenda kune chimiso chiri pakati pedenderedzwa rinova nzira iri kufambwa nayo. Nokudaro mutumbi uyu unorambira mudenderedzwa iroro.
Tsananguro
Shoko rokuti centripetal rinobva pamashoko anoti centre and petere.
- Shoko rokuti Centre rinoreva pakati.
- Shoko rokuti Petere rinoreva "directed toward or seeking"
Naizvozvo shoko rokuti "centripetal" rinoreva "directed toward or seeking the centre".
KuChiShona kutonda zvinoreva kutarisa - facing in Engish.
Tsazaniso[chinja | edit source]
Ngatitii mutumbi une huremu, m, uri kufamba pamunyonga une taramunyongo r, nemuchacha we v m/s. Fosi yeRutondapakati inobata pamutumbi iwoyu inowanikwa netsazaniso inoti:
F = ma = (mv2)/r
Apa a anomirira rufangu.
Muenzaniso weFosi yeRutondapakati[chinja | edit source]
- Kana satellite iri kufamba muboterekwa ichipoterera nyeredzi, Fosi yeRutondapakatiinobva kuFosi yegunganidzo yenyeredzi iri kupotererwa.
- Kana mutumbi uri kuzeya pamuzerere (swing), Fosi yeRutondapakati inobva pakukakata kuri mutambo yakabatanidza mutumbi nedengerenge remuzerere.


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Mvura
Mvura (water) mutuvi usina rairo neruvara. Mvura inogadzirwa panosangana magasi anonzi oxygen ne hydrogen. Mvura dzvene (pure water) inova iyo chinhu chinodikanwa kuti chivepo kuti pave neupenyu somuziviro watinouita. Mvura iri tii paRinopasi. Kunonzi zvikamu zvinodarika mazana masere kubva muzana (70%) cheuso hwePasirose chakavharwa nemvura yegungwa. Mvura inowanikwa munzvimbo nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana: kunyanya mumakungwa.
Kunonzi munhu anokwanisa kurarama mazuva anodarika masere (7) asina kudya asi zvinorema kuti ararame nguva yakadai asina mvura.


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MUTARE— Muimbi ane mukurumbira munyika, Allan Chimbetu, amiswa neChina pamberi pematare edzimhosva kwaMutare achipomerwa mhosva yekutadza kubhadhara mari yemendenenzi yemwana wake waakaita nemumwe mudzimai wekwaMutare kwenguva ingangosvika gore kubva muna zvita wegore rapera.
Vachipa mutongo wavo kuna Chimbetu, mutongi wedare, Va Gwatidzo, vasendeka mwedzi mitatu kwemakore mashanu vakayambira muimbi uyu kuti asapare mhosva yakafanana neyaabatwa nayo panguva iyi. VaGwatidzo vatiwo mutongo uyu vaurerutsa sezvo Chimbetu asina kupedza nguva yedare achiramba mhosva uye kuti anga abvisa mari yemendenenzi iyi yanga yasvika madhora mazana matanhatu nemapfumbamwe.
Muchuchisi wehurumende, VaWalter Saunyama, vati Chimbetu anofanirwa kubvisa madhora makumi manomwe mwedzi wega-wega kuna Amai vemwana wake, Muzvare Tsitsi Rambanapasi, asi ange asiri kuita izvi kubva gore rapera muna Zvita kusvikira azosungwa.
Chimbetu, uyo ange akapfeka mudhebhe weruvara rwemashizha, shangu nhema uye bhatye nehembe nhema, anga achitaurira pasi achiti ange asiri kunzwa zvakanaka.
Audza dare kuti kukundikana kwake kubhadhara mari kuri kukonzerwa nekuti ari kurwara nekudaro haasi kukwanisa kushanda sezvaaita kare. Asi dare raramba izvi rikati anosungirwa kuchengeta mwana wake zvisinei neurwere.
Chimbetu asetsa dare iro range rizere nevanhu apo apa chikumbiro chekuti anoda kubvumirwa kuti mwana waari kubvisira mendenenzi, aongororwe navana chiremba kuti paonekwe kana mwana uyu ari wake zvechokwadi.
Chimbetu atiwo izvi zviri kutsigirwawo nemudzimai wake uyo anoti anogona kubvisa mari yemendenenzi kana ongororo iyi yabva kwachiremba ikaburitsa humbowo hwekuti mwana uyu ndewake.
Dare rati izvi zvange zvisinei naro uye zviri kwaari Chimbetu kuita zvaanoda kana achida kuti chokwadi chiburitswe.
Muzvare Rambanapasi vapawo chikumbiro kudare chekuti vatori venhau vasabvumidzwa kunyora nezvenyaya yake naChimbetu sezvo zviri kukanganisa muchato wake mutsva nemumwe murume.
Asi Chikumbiro ichi charaswa nemutongi uyo ati zvaive kuvaviri ava Chimbetu naiye kuti vabvumirane nekubvisa mari panguva yakatarwa nedare vorega kuendesana kumatare.
VaGwatidzo vati vatori venhau vari kuitawo basa ravo saka hapana anofanirwa kuvamisa mukuita izvi.
Aka hakazi kekutanga Chimbetu achimiswa pamberi pematare edzimhosva nenyaya yekusabvisa mari yemendenenzi.
Mazuva mashoma apfuura, Chimbetu akamiswa zvakare mudare kukadoma mushure mekunge atadza kubvisa mendenenzi kuna Mildred Mapuranga. Vaviri ava vane mwana ane makore gumi nerimwe.


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Muyeramwaka
Muzvidzidzo zvinotevera: Taranyika; Jekanyika, nePimanzvimbo, Muyeramwaka, (Latitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paMuenzanisi zvichienda kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMuenzanisi.
Muyeramwaka inoverengwa ichibva paMuenzanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMuenzanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMuenzanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Zvizere zvinotsanangura kukosha kweMuyeramwaka zvinowanikwa pachinyorwa Mwaka yepaNyika.


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Runhanhira
Muchidzidzo chefundoyetsimba, runhanhira (momentum in English) zvinoreva simba riri pamutumbi uri kufamba rokuti unoda kupfuurira mberi nokufamba. Runhanhira runowanikwa nokuunga huremu nemuchacha wemutumbi uri kucherechedzwa.
Runhanhira = huremu x muchacha
Shoko reEnglish rokuti momentum rinoreva power of movement kureva masundire echinhu chiri kufamba, ane chekuita nehuremu uye muchacha uri kufambwa nawo..
Kupiwa kwezita[chinja | edit source]
- Kana munhu achimanya, akanzi chimira pakare-pakare, panoonekwa kuti izvi hazvigoneke - munhu anotomboramba achibanha dzimwe nhanho kuenda mberi asati akwanisa kumira. Ipapa pakuramba munhu achibanha dzimwe nhanho kuenda mberi, asi iye ati anoda kumira ndipo pabva zita rokuti runhanhira. Nokuti pane simba riripo pakumhanya ratisingagoni kumisa pakarepo. Munhu anodanha kupfuura apo afunga zano rokuti amire, zvoita sokunge ave kunhanhira kuenda mberi uko anga asisafanire kuenda.
- Zvimwechete nebhazi kuti haringamire kuti tsvii panzvimbo pavambwa kutsikwa bhureki, asi rinombosundira mberi kwechinhambwe. Kana zviya bhazi richimhanya, mutyairi otsika mabhureki panoonekwa bhazi richipfurira mberi nokufamba zvisinei kuti mabhureki atsikwa.


text:
Hujoto
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, hujoto (temperature) chiyero chinopima kutonhora kana kupisa kuri kuita chiro kana nzvimbo. Hujoto hunodudza kuti chiro chinokwanisa kudziyisa chimwe zvakadii. Sokuti madziya (heat) anoyerera kubva panzvimbo pane hujoto hwe 100oCelsius kuenda kune hujoto hwe 40oCelsius.
Zvikero zveHujoto[chinja | edit source]
Celsius ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa munyika zhinji kupima hujoto. Chikero ichi chinoura kuti 0oCelsius inowankwa pahujoto panogwamba mvura - freezing point of water. kana mvura yasvika pahujoto painofashaira inenge yava pa 100oC.
Kelvin ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa zvikurusei kufundoyetsimba; ichi chikero chinoti 0oC = 273,15K. Kuchishandiswa chikero ichi, 0 Kelvins inenge yaenzana ne -273,15K.
Fahrenheit ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa kupima hujoto kunyika yeUSA. Kuchitevedzwa chikero cheFahrenheit, mvura inogwamba pa 32oF ichizofanza pa 212oF. Kushanduka kwemvura uku kunenge kuchipimwa papuresha yemweya (atmospheric pressure) unoita 101.365kPa. Mvura iri pamusoro pegomo refu inokurumidza kufanza kupfuura iri pasi nokuda kwemusiyano wemutsindo wemweya.