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Hushangazhi
Hushangazhi (Industry in English) zvinoreva nvzimbo dzinoitirwa mabasa ekugadzira zvinhu; kushumira nenzira dzakasiyana, nokukohwa zviwanikwa zviri muvhu kana muamasango. Tiri pahushangazhi zvakanaka kutsanangura kupiwa kwemazita matsva ari pano.
[chinja] Mazita ezvinowanikwa pahushangazhi
Kushangazhika (Industrious)- izwi iri rinoreva kushanda nesimba, munhu achiita mabasa mazhinji. Uyu munhu anoshangazhika, munhu anoshanda asina unyope.
Mushangazhi (Industrialist) - iri izita rapiwa kududza muridzi akatanga kambani yake. Pari zvino hatina izwi rinodudza kuti Industrialist tisina kuti muzvinabhizinisi.
Hushangazhi (Industry) - iri izita rapiwa kuti rireve nzvimbo dzose dzakavakirwa kuti vashandi vange vachisangana vachiita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Muenzaniso ungapiwa ndewekuti muHarare tine Dunhu reHushangazhi reWillowvale - (Willowvale Industrial Area).
[chinja] Mipanda yeHushangazhi
Hushangazhi Hwekutanga (Primary Industry) - iri iboka rehushangazhi rinosanganisira: kurima mbesa, miti nemichero; kupfuya mhuka; kuredza hove, kuchera mabwe nesimbi zvichingodaro. Hushangazhi hwekutanga hunechekuita nemabasa anokohwa zviwanikwa zviri muvhu nezvinokura muvhu. Mimwe mienzaniso yeHushangazhi Hwekutanga yatinowana muZimbabwe ndeiyi: kurima nzimbe, chibage, nedonje; kuchera mugodhi ye ndarama, mhangura, zeng'e, platinum, marasha(coal) neChrome; kurima michero yemaranjisi, kurima miti yemapuranga.
Hushangazhi Hwepiri (Secondary Industry) - iri iboka reHushangazhi rinoshandura zvibereko zvinobuda muHushangazhi hwekutanga kuita zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mazuva ose. Zvibereko zveHushangazhi Hwepiri zvinoshandiswa mudzimba, mumabasa uye zvinogona kushanda mune mamwe mapoka eHushangazhi Hwepiri. Mimwe mienzaniso yatinowana muZimbabwe ndeiyi: kugadzira shangu; kugaya chibage kuita hupfu; kuveza midziyo yemumba; kuruka machira zvichingodaro.
Hushangazhi Hwetatu (Tertiary Industry) iri iboka reHushangazhi rinoshumira mumabasa akasiyana-siyana; zvibereko zveHushangazhi uhwu hazvisiri zvinhu zvinobatika asi kubatsira kuwanikwa nekufambiswa kwezvinhu zvinobatika. Marudzi eHushangazhi Hwetatu anosanganisira maBhangi; Zvitoro; Kufambiswa kwezvinhu pamwe nevanhu; Insurance; mabasa eHurumende, matare emhosva; maHotera; nzvimbo dzemafaro nedzekushanya, zvichingodaro. Iri boka reHushangazhi rine chekuita nekusvitsa Hushumiri (Service) kuvanhu uye kune mamwe mapoka eHushangazhi.
[chinja] Zvinopinda muHushangazhi
Chikamu chino chinotsanangudza zvinodikanwa kuti Hushangazhi hunge huchifamba nenzira yakanaka inounza budiriro. Zvinopinda muHushangazhi (Industrial Inputs) zvinosanganisira: zvinhu zvinobatika; zvivakwa; zvirongwa zveHurumende; zvirongwa zvekuwanikwa kwemari; kuchengetedzwa kwemitemo; kutsiva mari inorasika munjodzi; zvichingodaro.
Vambe, huvambe (Capital)- iri zita rapiwa rinoreva mari inounganidzwa nemushangazhi kutanga bhizinisi kana hushangazhi. Zita iri ribatawo zvakare zvimwe zvinodiwa kutanga bhizinizi, zvinoti: michina, nzvimbo yokushandira, zvivakwa, zvichingodaro. Huvambe hunounganinzwa nenzira dzakasiyana dzinoti: zvikwereti zvema Bhangi, mari yakachengetedzwa, uye kutsvaka mari pamusika wemari (Stock Exchange).
Nzvimbo yekushandira (Land) - mhando dzose dzehushangazhi dzinoda nzvimbo yekushandira ingava: minda, masango, zvivakwa, mahofisi kana mafakitari.
Magetsi (Electricity)- Magetsi akakosha kana tatarisana nehushangazhi hwanhasi nokuti michina mizhnji inosundwa nesimba nemagetsi. Zvakanyanya kukosha kuva nemagetsi akabaka nguva dzose kuti makambani asarase mari achibhadhara vashandi vakatarira michina isiri kushanda.
Vanhu vane Hunyanzvi (Skilled People)- mabasa anobatwa muhushangazhi anodaidzira hunyanzwi hwepamusoro, hungava hunyanzwi hunodzidziswa muzvikoro zvetatu (tertiary education) kana kuti hunyanzwi hunowanikwa pakambani. Makambani nehurumende vanoshandisa mari yakawanda kudzidzisa hunyanzwi zvemabasa akasiyana-siyana.
Michina yeHushangazhi (Plant, Machines, Equipment)- kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemichina zvichienderana nebasa riri kushandwa. Michina mizhinji inosundwa nemagetsi uye inotengwa nemari zhinji. Pari zvino michina mizhinji inoshandiswa muhushangazhi muZimbabwe, inotengwa kunze kwenyika zvikuru kunyika dziri mhiri kwemakungwa - nyika dzekuEurope neAsia.
Ruzivo RweHumhizha (Technology)- kuti hushangazhi huvepo panofanirwa kuve nehumhizha hwacho hwekugadzira kana kushumira nenzira inobuditsa zvibereko zviri kutengwa nevanhu. Sokuti kuchera ndarama panodiwa kunge paine humizha hunosanganisira: kudhuura matombo pasi pemugodhi, kutakura chitofu (ore) kubva mumugodhi, mhandambwe dzinopwanya nekutseta chitofu (crushers & mills), nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinosvitsa pakuve nechidhinha chendarama.
Mari yeZvirikwereti (Bank Loans)
Mari yeTsivatsaona (Insurance)- Tsivatsaona chirongwa chinobatsira vemabhizinisi munguva yokunge nzvimbo dzavo dzehushangazhi dzarasikirwa nemari kuburikidza nenjodzi dzinoitika muhushangazhi. Vamabhizinisi vanoripa muripo kuKambani dzeTsivatsaona (Insurance) mwedzi wega-wega; musi unoitika tsaona munzvimbo yehushangazhi, makambani eTsivatsaona anotsiva hukoshi hwechinhu chinenge charasika mutsaona. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti vemabhizinisi vakwanise kudzoka pakushanda zvakare mushure metsaona. Kambani dzeTsivatsaona dzinogamuchira mudeme-mudeme kubva kumabhizinisi akawanda, izvi zvichibatsira kuti pave nehomwe yemari inoshandiswa musi unoitika tsaona kune avo vanenge vakaita mudeme-mudeme.
Zvirongwa zveTsivatsaona zvinofukidzira kurasikirwa kungaitwa mutsaona dzingava dzemotokari, dzemichina, kutsva nemoto, kukuvara kwevashandi pabasa, rufu nezvimwe zvinenge zvakabvumiranwa kunzi zvive zvakafukidzwa. Kune mitemo yehurumende inopa zvisungo zvokuti vashandi vange vakafukidzirwa pasi petsivatsaona. Zvakare kune mhando dzemitoro isingatenderwe kufamba pamigwagwa isina kutererwa netsivatsaona.
Mitemo yeNyika (Legislation, Policies, Regulations) - Mitemo yenyika yakakosha zvikuru kana tatarisana nesarudzo yokuti muzvinabhizinisi ovaka nzvimbo yohushangazhi kupi. Mitemo yenyika inodudza kuti zviri nyore sei kuvamba bhizinisi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvinhu zvinotariswa nevanovamba mabhizinisi zvinosanganisira: mitero inoripwa nemakambani; mitemo inochengetedza kodzero dzokunge munhu ari muzvinabhizinisi; mitemo inotonga kuburitswa nekuchengetwa kwemari yokunze kwenyika; mitemo inotaura nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa nenharaunda iri kushandira hushangazhi, zvichingodaro.
Kutakurwa kweNhumbi (Transport) - hakuna nzvimbo inganzi inowanikwa zvinhu zvose zvinodikwa kushandiwa muhushangazhi, kana kuti inowanikwa musika yokutengesera zvabuda muhushangazhi. Apa ndipo pazvinokosha kuti pange pane migwagwa, njanji, ndege nedzimwe mhando dzokufambisa nadzo mbatya nevanhu, kuunza kunzvimbo dzehushangazhi uye kusvitsa kumusika yakasiyana-siyana. Tichoitarisa nyika yedu yeZimbabwe tinoona hushangazhi hwakasimbiswa nekuvapo kwenjanji, nemigwagwa.
Suwo (Port of Entry kuEnglish) inzvimbo inopindwa nayo nevanhu pamwe nenhumbi. Takatarisana nehushangazhi, mukova inzvimbo yakatenderwa pamutemo wenyika kuti ipindwe nayo nevanhu kana nhumbi. Pamitemo yenyika pamukova iyoyi ndipo chete panotenderwa kupinda kwevanhu nenhumbi. Suwo reBeitbridge ndiro rinopinda nenhumbi dzakawanda dzinopinda muZimbabwe.
Kuchengetedza Mitemo (Law Enforcement) - vemabhizinisi vanofara kuziva kuti nzvimbo dzehushangazhi dzavo dzinge dzakachengetedzwa pasi pemitemo uye kuti mbatya dzavanofambisa dzinge dzakachengetedzawo. Izvi zvinovapa kuva nechikuvimba kuti vane rutsigiro pasi pemitemo kana musi wasvika wokuti pane zvinoda kunotongwa kumatare edzimhosva.
Zvirongwa ZveHutano (Health Programs) - Kuvapo kwezvipatara kunosimbisawo hushangazhi zvikurusei takatarisana nekuti vashandi vave nekuchengetedzwa kwehutano.
Bundutso (Processes)- pasi pechikamu cheRuzivo rwehumhizha, Bundutso zvinoreva zvirongwa zvakatsikiswa zvinoshandiswa mukushandura nhumbi dzinopinda muhushangazhi kuti dzive zvibereko zvinokwanisa kutengeseka. Somuenzaniso, gasi reAmmonia rinogadzirwa kuchishandiswa Bundutso raHaber (Haber process). Petrol inowanikwa kubva kuPetroleum kuchishandiswa Bundutso rinonzi Fractional Distilation Process. Sugar inobikwa kuChiredzi kuchishandiswa Bundutso rinonzi pachiNdau kuBumhaCrystallization Process.
[chinja] Hudaviri neHutongi muHushangazhi
(Responsible Authorities). Pakushanda kunoita hushangazhi pane mapazi ehurumende ane hudaviri pamusoro pezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chinangwa chekuchengetedza mitemo yenyika. Mapazi aya akapiwa hutongi (authority) kuti ave anotarira kuti mitemo yakasiyana yehurumende yatevedzwa. Mapazi aya anobata basa zvichienderana nemitemo yakatarwa nedare reParamende - (Acts of Parliament). MuZimbabwe kune Mapazi ane hutongi pamusoro: pemvura; mitero; ndege, kutakurwa kwenhumbi nevanhu; uye michero nemhuka. Muenzaniso ndiyo inoti: Zimra; Zimre; Zinwa; Zinara; Municipalities; Natural Resources Board; Environmental Protection Authority; Civil Aviation Authority zvichingodaro.


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Hugari
Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika, hugari (population) ishoko rinoreva huhwandu hwevanhu vanogara munzvimbo iri kutaurwa nezvayo. Someunzaniso, guta reHarare rine hugari hwe 2,8million zvichitevedza manhamba akaburitswa mugore ra2006.
MuZimbabwe vanhu vanosiverengwa mushure memakore gumi (10). Saka nhoroondo yokuverengwa kwevanhu inoti izvi zvakaitwa mukakore 1982, 1992, 2002. Kuverengwa kwevanhu kunotevera kuri kutarisirwa mugore ra 2012. Chirongwa ichi chinotungamirwa neCentral Statistics Office.

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Tuesday, August 2, 2011 by
Desi FOX
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Mhetapawa
Muchidzidzo masvomhu mhetapawa (logarithm in English) yenhamba X kuchitevedzwa hwaro b ndiyo nhamba inotaura kuti hwaro hunofanirwa kutsamiwa kangani kuti pazobuda X. Apa hwaro hunenge huchiitwa muradanuro.
Somuenzaniso 1000 = 103; apa zvinoreva kuti kana kuchitevedzwa hwaro 10, mhetapawa ya 1000 ndiye 3. Apa mhetapawa inotaura kuti pawa riri pahwaro riri kupetwa (kana kuti kutsamiwa) kangani kuti kubude 1000. Gumi (10) ane pawa 1 kana kuti 101. Chiuru chine pawa 3 kana kuti 103. Saka apa pawa riri pana 101 rinopetwa , katatu (3) kuti kubude chiuru (103). Gumi ndihwo hwaro, nhatu ndiye mhetapawa. Zvataurwa izvi zvinonyorwa sezvizvi:
10 x 10 x 10 = (101)3 = 103 = 1000
[chinja] Kurerutsa Mutauro
Zvakafanira kuti panyorwe kuturikirwa kweshoko kubva kuEnglish kuenda kuChiShona:
- Logarithm to base 2 of 16 is 4 inenge yonyorwa kuchinzi Mhetapawa ya gumi nenhanhatu (16) pahwaro hwa mbiri (2) ndi 4.
- Find the logarithm to base 10 of 10,0000 inenge yonyorwa kuchinzi Tsvaga mhetapawa ya zviuru gumi (10,000) pahwaro hwa gumi (10).
- Logarithmic Scale inenge yonzi chikero chemhetapawa kana kuti chikero chinotevedza mhetapawa.


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Gunganidzo
Muchidzidzo cheScience gunganidzo (Gravity) izwi rinotsanangudza chiitiko chinoonekwa pazviumbwa zvemuchadenga kuti zvinokweva chero chipi chiumbwa nefosi rine kukura kunoyenderana nehuremu hwezviumbwa.
Fosi regunganidzo ndiro rinokweva mvura kuti iwungane munzvimbo dziri pakaderera uye kuti chinhu chichinge chakandwa mudenga chidzoke zvakare pasi.
Fosi yegunganidzo pakati pezuva nenyika ndiyo inoita kuti Rinopasi (earth) rirambire muBoterekwa (orbit) rimwechete marinotenderera dendera rimwe (1) pagore risingatetereke muchadenga. Zuva rinokwezva nyika kuti irambe ichitenderera muBoterekwa risingashunduke.
Dzimwe nyeredzi dzose dzinofamba neBoterekwa rakatarwa dzinodariswo negunganidzo pakati penyeredzi (planets) idzodzo nezuva. Zuva rinokwezva nyeredzi kuti dzirambe dzichitenderera neBoterekwa risingashunduke. Chiitiko chegunganidzo chinotsanangurwa nedudzirazivo rakanyorwa naIsaac Newton rave kunzi Mutemo weGunganidzo waNewton - Newton's Law of Gravity.


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Dindingwe
Dindingwe (cheetah in English) imhuka yemusango iri mumhuri yekatsi uye ichiwanikwa muziwumbe reAfrica neAsia. Dindingwe ndiyo yoga katsi yesango ine nzwara dzisingadzokere mukati; nokudaro haikwanise kukwira miti yakareba yakamira mutwi kuenda mudenga. Dindingwe rinodheera mapazi ari zasi kwemiti. Hakuna mhuka inomhanya nespidhi unodarika dindingwe; inokwanisa kusvika 110-120km/hr pachinhambwe chidiki chingaita 500m. Dindingwe rinokwanisa kufangura kubva 0-100 km/hr panguva inoita 3 sekondi.
[chinja] Chimiro
Dindingwe rine dundundu rakadzika uye chiuno chitete. Dindingwe rakura rine huremu hunoita 35-72kg; rinoreba 110-150cm kubva kumusoro kusvika kubesu. Kana richipimwa kureba pamapendekete rinoreba 66-94cm; muskwe unoreba 60-84cm.
[chinja] Kuberekana
Nzvari dzinoyaruka dzava pamwedzi makumi maviri kuvika makumi maviri ana mana (20-24); hono dzinoyaruka dzasvitsa mwedzi gumi nemiviri (12). Asi ingwe hadzinyanye kutandana dzisati dzasvitsa makore matattu (3); uye kushumira kunoitika chero nguva yegore. Nzvari dzinotsvaka chero ripi dindingwe gono.
Nzvari dzinotakura pamuviri mazuva 90-99 dzichizvara vana vatatu kusvika vashanu. vana ava vane huremu 150-300gram panguva yokuzvarwa. Dindingwe rinozvarwa riiine mavara aro. Vana vanosiyana naamai pamwedzi 13-20 yekuzvarwa. Nzvari dzinoda kugara dzoga dzisingasangane nedzimwe kunze kwenguva iyo dzinenge dziri kurera vana vadzo. Panguva iyi ndipo panodzidziswa mwana weingwe zvinhi zvizhinji zvinosanganisira kuvhima.
[chinja] Kuvhima
Dindingwe rinodya nyama richivhima kunyanya mhuka ndiki dzine huremu huri pasi pe 40kg. Rinonyanya kutanda mhembwe nemhara. Kana ingwe dzichinge dzavhima dzakawanda dzinotanda ngongoni nembizi zvakare. Handa dzomusango netsuro ndidzo dzimwe mhuka dzinovhimiwa nedindingwe.
Dindingwe rinovhima richironda charaona kwete kutevera hwema. Rinonyangira kusvika 10-30m rotanga kudzinganisa mhuka. Kazhinji-zhinji mhuka inenge yabatwa munguva iri pasi pe minute rimwe. Richinge yakudinka kubata mhuka munguva iyoyi dindingwe rinokasira kurasa moyo. Pachinguva chidiki charinenge radzinganisa mhuka, muviri wedindingwe unenge wopisa zvakanyanya.
[chinja] Tsika
Tsumo - "Dindingwe rinonakwa richakweva rimwe asi kana iro rokwehwa roti mavara azara ivhu".
Mukonowengwe izita remhuri dziri muZimbabwe rekuzvirumbidza
Madzishe kare vaishongedzwa nedehwe redindingwe kuratidza hukuru nehumhare hwavo.


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Kundengenyeka kwenyika
Kundengenyeka kwenyika (earthquake) chiitiko chekuti nyika inondengenyeka ichizunguzika pasi pachifamba.
- Nyika yatigere yakawumbwa nehwendefa dzemabwe dzakawarikwa dzichivhara matunhu Pasirose. Hwendefa idzi dzine mitswe nehwangwadza pakati padzo.
- Hwendefa idzi dzigere pamusoro pemabwe anokwata nekupisa. Hujoto hunosiyana munzvimbo dziri pamatunhu akasiyana; nokudaro hwendefa idzi dzinotambanuka kana hujoto hwakwira nokudzoka kana hwaderera.
- Mukufamba uku imwe nguva dzinokwesherana dzichitsvedza zviri nyore; imwe nguva dzinokochekerana dzoita mangange poshaya hwendefa inofamba. Zvadai fosi inosunda hwendefa idzi inoramba ichikwira padzinenge dzakarumana kudaro.
- Panozosvikwa nguva yekuti nzvimbo dzakabatana hadzichagona dzakurirwa nefosi iri kusunda. Ipapo hwendefa dzinopfutunuka dzotsukunyuka dzichibandana, kupetana nokukonzera kundengenyeka kwenyika. Panguva imwe cheteyo mabwe akanyauka ari pasi pehwendefa idzi anokwanisa kusimuka achiwana mukana wazaruka pamitswe inenge yawedzera kushama. Mabota emabwe aya anozotubuka panyika achive chikwatamabwe.
[chinja] Nhoroondo
Mugore ra2011 mumwedzi waMarch nyika yeJapan yakaita kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasumudza mvura kubva mugungwa ikaita mafashama padunhu. Chiitiko ichi chakaparadza zvivakwa zvizhinji nehupenyu hwevanhu.
KuChamhembe kweAfrica kundengenyeka kwenyika kushoma; mugore ra2001 South Africa, Botswana neZimbabwe dzakanzwawo kundengenyeka kwenyika asi hapana zvivakwa zvakaparadzwa. Padambudziko iri musiki wakati ropafadza mudunhu reAfrica.


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Kufuta
Muzvizdzidzo zvehurapi kufuta (Obesity in English) zvinotaura kuwanda kwemafuta mumuviri kunenge kwasvika padanho rokugona kukanganisa hutano hwemunhu, kukonzera hurwere kana kudamburira hupenyu hwemunhu pakati. Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri (Body Mass Index) chikero chinofananidza huremu nehurefu hwemuviri wemunhu. Chikero ichi chinoti huremu hwemunhu hwapfuura mwero kana Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri huri pakati pa 25 na 30 kg/m2, munhu akadarika 30 kg/m2 anenge ave kunzi afutisa. Tsazaniso inotsvagiswa Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri inonyorwa sezvizvi:
Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri, MHM = Huremu/(Hurefu)2 kg/m2
Huremu hwemunhu huchigovaniswa nehurefu hwakaradanurwa nepawa repiri (2).
[chinja] Tsika
- Kune dzimwe tsika, munhu akafuta anoonekwa kunge munhu ane mari yakawanda. Izvi zvinenge zvinodaro nokuti ana muzvina bhizinisi vakawanda vakafuta vaine matumbu akakura.
- Mukutaura kwemazuva ose kunonzi Munhu ari kusimba apo panenge pachirehwa kuti ari kufuta.
- Mutauro wechimanje manje unotaura uchiti munhu ari kuwanda kana kuti mudhafu.


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Rutsaudzo
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, rutsaudzo (refraction in English) rwunotaura kubhendeswa nokushandurwa rudzivo kunoita masaisai kana achipfuura muhwendedzo (medium) hwakasiyana. Panoshanduka hwendedzo, muchacha wesaisai unoshanduka asi mudida remasaisai harishanduke. Rutsaudzo runoonekwa kana masaisai achisvika pahwendedzo negonyo risiri 90o kana 0o. Rutsaudzo runonyanya kuonekwa pamasaisai echiedza, asi runoitikawo kana masaisai emuriro achipfuura muhwendedzo hwakasiyana. Rutsaudzo runoitika kana masaisai emvura achipfuura mumvura yakadzika zvakasiyana. Chiitiko chekukombamiswa kana kutsaudzwa kwechiedza pakati pehwendedzo huviri chinotsanangurwa nemutemo waSnell unonyorwa sezvinotevera:
Pane hwendedzo huviri huri kudarikwa nesaisai rine dendera pa mineti rakafanana, rheshiyo yemasine egonyo rokusvika θ1 negonyo rerutsaudzo θ2 yakaenzana nerheshiyo yemuchacha muhwendedzo mbiri (v1 / v2). Zvakare rheshiyo idzi dzakaenzana nemusunamiswa werheshiyo dzemutendeki werutsaudzo, (n2 / n1):
[chinja] Kurerutsa mutauro
- Mutendeki werutsaudzo - refractive index.
- Gonyo rokusvika - Angle of incidence.
- Gonyo rerutsaudzo - Angle of refraction.
- Kutsauka zvinoreva kubva panzira nyanga iri kufambwa nayo kuchiendwa neimwe ine rudzivo (direction) rwakasiyana.
[chinja] Tsananguro
Rutsaudzo chiitiko chinoonekwa kana masaisai achidarika hwendedzo mbiri dzine mutendeki werutsaudzo wakasiyana. Pamuganhu wehwendedzo mbiri idzi, muchacha wemasaisai unoshandurwa, izvi zvokonzera kushandura kwerudzivo rwuri kufamba nemasaisai. Hurefu hwemasaisai hunoshanduka asi mudida wacho haushanduke.


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Mudida
Muchidzidzo cheMasvomhu, mudida (rate) izwi rinoreva hukama huripo pakati penhamba dzine nzenda dzakasiyana. Nokumwe kutaura Mudida igovano yezvinhu zviviri zvine nzenda yakasiyana. Muenzaniso weMudida inosanganisira Muchacha(speed), kurova hwehana (Heart beat), Kuchivirika. Izvi zvataurwa zvine nzenda dzinoti: Muchacha (metres/second), kurova kwehana (beats/second), Kuchivirika (Joules/Second).
Kazhinji Mudida unotaurwa kuchishandiswa nguva semupimo uri kufananidzwa nawo; asi tinogonawo kushandisa nhambwe, huremu zvichingodaro. Sokuti tarakita yangu inofamba 10km pa Rita repeturu, kana kuti nyama iri kutengwa nemutengo we $5 pa Kg.


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Motsi
Motsi kana kuti Chiposhi kana kuti Chimwe iri ivara rehuwandu, chiperengo chehuwandu, uyewo izita rechiperengo chinomirira huwandu uhu. Chinomirira huwandu hwechinhu chimwe chete. Motsi kana kuti chiposhi zvinorevawo pfungwa yokuva chikamu chimwe kubva muhumwe hunobva mumubatanidzwa hwezvinhu. So muenzaniso, chidimbu chemutsara chakareba nechikamu chimwe chehubatanidzwa hwehurebu (chezvikamu zvehurebu).
Muzvidzidzo zveMasvomhu, chiperengo chehuwandu ichi chinomirirawo zvinotevera:
- pachinyakare, ichi chiperengo chohuwandu (ordinal number) chokutanga, kunyangwe zvazvo mazuvano maitiro anogamuchirwa noruzhinji ndeokushandisa chiperengo chehuwandu chinomirira kusavapo kwezvinhu, 0, saicho chiperengo chokutanga.


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Nhevedzwa dzeMvura
Nhevedzwa dzemvura chidzidzo chinotsanangudza mafambiro emvura pavhu, pasi pevhu uye mudenga munoumbwa makore. Mvura inosanduka kubva pakuva godo, mutuvi uye mupfunga panhambo dzakasiyana dzenhevedzwa dzemvura. Mvura inofamba munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzainoungana dzinoti: gungwa, nyanza, nzizi, mhepo. Izvi zvinoitika kuburikidza nezviitiko zvinoti: kunaya, kuyerera pavhu; kumimina nemuvhu; kusasauka ichienda mumhepo; kubundira mumakore; kuverereka kupinda mumhepo ichibva pamazinga echando; zvichingodaro.
[chinja] Rondedzero
Mvura iri mugungwa, nyanza, nenzizi inosasauka kupinda mumhepo kuburukidza nekupisa kwezuva. Kunyika dzinotonhora, mupfunga wemvura unoverereka (sublimation) kubva pasinowo , nemagodo (ice) chichipinda mumhepo. Michero inosaukaziya, izvi zvichireva mvura inobuda kubva pamuchero ichipinda mumhepo. Kusumuka kwemweya unopisa kubva padunhu kunosimudzawo mupfunga wemvura kuenda kumakore kunova kunotonhorera. Kutonhora kuri mudenga kunokonzera kuti chapfunga chemvura chibundire kuita madonhwe emvura anoumba makore. Mhepo iri mudenga inotakura mvura iya yabundira zvichiita kuti madonhwe akawanda emvura asangane nekuumbana kuita makore. Imwe mvura iri mumakore inoturuka kuburikidza nekunaya kwesinowo kana chivhuramahwe; iyi mvura inokwanisa kuchengetwa kwemakore iri sinowo kana magodo munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Imwe sinowo inonyauka mumwaka wekupisa. Mvura zhinji inoturuka, inonaya pamusoro pegungwa. Mvura inonaya padunhu inoyerera ichienda munzizi, nyanza, negungwa mainochengetedzwa. Kune chikamu chemvura inonaya padunhu chinopinda muvhu mainochenetedzwa tichizoinwa kubva mumatsime nezvibhorani. Imwe yemvura yepasi iyi inomimina nemuvhu ichinopinda pakaungana mvura munzizi, nyanza, negungwa; imwe mvura inotubuka ichibuda muvhu sechisipiti.
Kusasauka (Evaporation)- uku kushanduka kwemvura kubva pakuva mutuvi (liquid) ichisasauka kuita mupfunga wemvura (vapour,gas). Mvura inosasauka kubva munzvimbo dzayakaungana senzizi, nyanza, negungwa. Mvura inosasauka kuburikidza nekupisa kwezuva. Vamwe vatauri vanoti kukwaika kwemvura.
Kubundira (Condensation)- uku kushanduka kwemupfunga wemvura (water vapour) uchiva madonhwe emvura anoungana kuita makore nemhute. Zvakakosha kuti tinonesane kuti mupfunga wemvura unobundirawo zvakare kuita magodo pasina kuita mutuvi; izvi zvinoitika kunyika dzinotonhora panguva imwe chete inoverereka magodo echando kuita mupfunga wemvura. Naizvozvo misandu miviri inoti mutuvi negodo inonzi misandu yakabundira - condensed phases.
Kuverereka (Sublimation) - iri izwi rinoreva kushanduka kubva pakuva magodo echando kuenda pakuva mupfunga wemvura.
Kusaukaziya (Evapotranspiration)- iri izwi rashandiswa kududzira kutaika kwemvura ichibva pamichero kuenda pakuva mupfunga wemvura.
Mvura Inoyerera Pavhu (Run-off) - iyi imvura inoyerera pamusoro pevhu uye magoronga nenzizi. Imwe mvura inenge yayerera pavhu: inopinda muvhu, imwe yosasauka kupinda mumhepo, zhinji ichizopedzesera yachengetedzwa munyanza, nzizi negungwa.
Mvura Yemuvhu (Groundwater)- iyi imvura inosinina kupinda muvhu imwe ichigara muzvipakwa zvemvura (aquifers) zvinowanikwa pakati pehwendefa dzemabwe asingatendere mvura kupfuura. Imwe yemvura inoyerera nemuvhu inotubuka sezvisipiti imwe ichipedzesera yasinina nemuvhu kusvika kugungwa. Mvura inoyerera pamusoro nepasi pevhu inokonzerwa kudaro negunganidzo (gravity), uye nemutsindo (pressure) unosunda mvura kuti igadzikane iri muvhu .
Gungwa (Sea, Ocean) - iri izwi rinoreva nzvimbo dzakakurusa dzinochengeta mvura yakawanda ine munyu. Magungwa makuru anosanganisira Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, neAtlantic Ocean.
Nyanza (Lakes) - iri zita rapiwa kureva madziva akanyanya kukura anowanikwa padunhu anenge Lake Malawi, Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika. Nyanza inenge iri mvura yakaungana pasina kuvakirwa dhamu; izvi zvinosiyana neKariba Dam rakavakwa nevanhu. Zita iri rasiyanisa nekutaura kwemazuva ose kunoti nyanza negungwa zvimwechete. Zita iri riri kutoredzera pamutauro weChewa unoti Lake Malawi inonzi Nyanja - pano pavandudzwa kuti zviende kuChiShona. Nyanza yakakura zvakanyanya kudarika dziva
Kupeperutsa mupfunga wemvura (Advection) - zvakakosha kuti tizive kuti dai pasina mhepo inosunda mvura inosasauka kubva mugungwa, mvura iyoyi ingadai isinganaye padunhu asi yainaya kugungwa kwakare. Nokuda kwemhepo, mvura zhinji inosasauka kugungwa inopeperutswa ichizonaya padunhu. Iyi inovawo nzira yekuchenesa mvura iri mugungwa kuti inaye padunhu isisina kusvipiswa nemunyu wegungwa. Chiitiko ichi chinotaurwa muBhaibheri bhuku raAmos 9:6 apo panonzi Jehovha unodana mvura yegungwa achiinaisa panyika.
[chinja] Mhando dzekuturuka kwemvura
Mvura inenge yabundira iri mudenga inoturuka kubva mudenga nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Mudunhu reAfrica kuturuka kuzhinji kwemvura tinokuona kuburikidza nekunaya kwemadonhwe emvura. Kuturuka kwemvura kunoitikawo nenzira dzinoti sinowo, mhute, chivhuramabwe nedzimwe mhando dzinoonekwa kunyika dzinotonhora.
Kunaya kwemvura - uku ndiko kunaya kwemadonhwe emvura inonaya padunhu zvose nepagungwa; chikamu chizhinji chemvura chinonaya padunhu. Iyi ndiyo mhando yekuturuka kwemvura kwatinoona kazhinji muAfrica.
Sinowo (Snow)- sinowo inoturuka munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvakanyanya. Kazhinji sinowo inoturuka kana kuri kutonhora zviri pa 0o celsius zvichidzika, panova ndipo panogwamba mvura kuita magodo echando. Sinowo zhinji inonaya kunyika dzinotonhora dziri kuEurope, Asia, neNorth America. Mazaya echando anowanikwawo munzvimbo dzakakwirira zvakanyanya segomo reKilimanjaro kuKenya nekumakomo makuru ari kuChile kuSouth America.
Chivhuramabwe (Hailstorm) - iyi imvura inoturuka ichidonhedza tumagodo twemvura yakabundira nechando. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo chivhuramabwe chinoparadza zvirimwa chichiparura mashizha ezvirimwa.
[chinja] Kuchengetedzwa kwemvura muZimbabwe
Munyika yeZimbabwe bazi reZINWA ndiro rakapiwa hudaviri nehutongi pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwemvura iri munzizi, madhamu, uye iri muvhu. Vanochera zvimborani vanotora mvura imwecheteyo inosininina kupinda munzizi nemumadhamu; nokudaro ZINWA ine chinangwa chokuchengetedza mvura dzose nokuti pakupedzisira kwazvo imvura imweyo.
[chinja] Nhevedzwa dzeMvura muBhaibheri
Bhaibheri rine ndima dzinotaura pamusoro peNhevedzwa dzeMvura dzinotionesa kuti vanyori veBhaibheri vakanga vane ruzivo pamusoro pechiitiko ichi.
- Ndima iri muBhuku raAmos 9:6 inotaura kuti Jehovha unodana mvura yegungwa achiidira pavhu.
- Ecclesiastes 1:7 inotaura sezvizvi: "Nzizi dzose dzinodira mugungwa asi gungwa harizari; panzvimbo padzinobva nzizi ipapo mvura inodzokerazve".


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Charaka
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, charaka (Cone) izwi rinoreva chiumbwa chine uso huviri; humwe uso huri hwaro hwedenderedzwa huri pamutsendo, uso hwepiri huri uso hunopfirira hwaro kusvika pachisuvi (apex). Nguva zhinji chisuvi chinenge chakaita mutwi negoko (centre) redenderedzwa riri pauso hunova hwaro.
Shoko reShona rokuti charaka rinotodzana necharaka chinowanikwa paduwo rinoteyeswa hove chine kuumbwa kweiya inonzi "cone kuEnglish". Hove inopinda nekwakapamhama, yave mukati charaka chakamanika zvokuti hove inotadza kubuda.
Charaka chinoumbwa kana tikatenderedza gonyonhatu yemutwi pahwaro hwayo, ichiita monerapo padivi rakarurama pahwaro.
[chinja] Tsika
Kare kare varimi vaivaka dununu rokuchengetera chibage chinege chakororwa. Dununu raitaridzika sedenga rekicheni yekumaruwa rakasunamiswa chisuvi chichiva pasi - uku ndiko kuumbwa kwecharaka.


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Glamour Actress Madhurima Transparent Saree Spicy HOT Unseen Stills392 views
Glamour Actress Madhurima Transparent Saree Spicy HOT Unseen Stills
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Jecha
Jecha (sand in English) imhando yevhu inowanikwa zvikurusei murwizi kana kumahombekombe egungwa. Jecha rine tsanga hombe pane dzimwe mhando dzevhu zvokuti jecha rinotendera mvura kumimina zviri nyore. Nekudaro jecha rinoshandiswa kubvisa tsvina yemagodo kubva mumvura inenge ichicheneswa kuti ive inonwiwa nevanhu.
Jecha rinobva pamatombo akasiyana, saka zvakagadzira jecha zvinosiyana zvichienderana nokuti matombo enzvimbo iyoyo akagadzirwa nemuchegwa wakaita sei. Muchegwa unowanikwa mujecha zhinji unonzi silica.


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Actress Bhavana Glamour Pose HOT Spicy StillsSeptember 27, 2011 – 5:32 pm 399 views
Actress Bhavana Glamour Pose HOT Spicy Stills
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Misambo paBonde
Kune misambo yakasiyana siyana yokuti vakaroorana vanokwanisa kufara nayo pabonde. Vaviri vakaroorana vanosarudza zvinovafadza zvisingashungurudze mumwe ari pabonde. Pano pachaedzwa kushandiswa mutauro une chiremera kutsanagura misambo ingashandiswa pabonde.
[chinja] Mhando dzeMisambo
Misambo yepabonde tingaitarisa iri pasi pemhando dzinoti: Murume pamusoro; Mukadzi pamusoro uye Kusunamirana.
Misambo yokunge murume ari pamusoro inoreva kuti mukadzi anenge ari pasi kazhinji akarara nomusana wake. Zvinodarowo kuti mukadzi anenge akagara panoswedera murume wake. Murume anokwanisa kunge: akachonjomara; kumira; kurara akatarisana nemukadzi kana kamwewo kasvikiro kaangaswedera nako kune mudzimai wake.
Misambo yokunge murume ari pasi inoreva kuti murume anenge akarara nemusana kana kugara panoswedera mukadzi wake. Misambo iyi inokwanisa kuitwa murume nemukadzi vakatarisana kana kuti vakatarisa divi rimwe, murume achiona gotsi remukadzi wake.
Misambo yokusunamirana inoreva kuti mukadzi anenge akagwadama nemabvi nemagokora panoswedera murume wake. Vaviri vanenge vakatarisa divi rimwe pavanosangana.
[chinja] Murume pamusoro
Misambo yemhando iyi inosanganisira inotevera, tinya pachinyorwa chine ruvara rwe blue kuti uone zviri seri kwechinyorwa:
[chinja] Mukadzi pamusoro
Misambo yemhando iyi inosanganisira inotevera:
[chinja] Kusunamirana
Misambo yemhando iyi inosanganisira inotevera:


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Gonhi
Gonhi (door) zvinoreva chivakwa chinoshandiswa kuvhara mukova. Kazhinji gonhi rinogadzirwa nemapuranga akavezwa, asiwo rinokwanisa kugadzirwa nesimbi, kana plastic yakasimba.
Mamwe mazita anodavidzwa ndiwo anoti, sasa, dhowo kan kuti dimba kuchiManyika.
[chinja] Kurerutsa Mutauro
- Mbudo (Exit) igonhi rinoshandiswa kubuda naro panzvimbo.
- Mbindo (Entrance) igonhi rinoshandiswa kupinda naro panzvimbo.
- Mbudo Panjodzi (Emergency Exit) igonhi kana nzira inoshandiswa kubuda panguva yokunge munhu atarisana nenjodzi.


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Hurefu
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, tsangudzo dzinotevera dzinopihwa maererano nekupimwa kwenhambwe.
Hurefu (length) - shoko iri rinoreva kureba kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa. Kana tiri kuMasvomhu, hurefu hunoshandiswa kududza divi rakanyanya kureba kudarika mamwe.
Hwasha (width) - shoko iri rinoreva kupamhama kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hudzamu (depth) - shoko rinoreva kudzika kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa. Shoko iri rinoshandiswa kududza kupimwa kwenhambwe zvichitevedza rudzivo rwekudzika pasi.
Hukwidza (height, altitude) - iri shoko rinonyanya kushandiswa kududza kupimwa kwenhambwe zvichitevedza rudzivo rwekuenda mudenga. Somuenzaniso tingataura hukwidza hwendenge iri kubhururuka kana chivakwa chemudurikidzanwa. Mukutaura kwamazuva ose tinoti chinhu chiri pakakwirira kana pakaderera, muzvidzidzo zveScience zvakafanira kuti titaure pamusoro pehukwidza.
Mipimo yose yataurwa pamusoro inoshandisha chiyero chenhambwe chinonzi mita (metre).


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Pawa
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Pawa (Power) izwi rinodudzira kuitwa kwebasa paumwe hwechiyero chenguva. Pawa inopimwa nechiyero chinonzi Watt kana kuti (Joules/Second). Kana takatarisa mwenje wegetsi yakanyorwa kunzi 100Watts umwe 50Watts, kureva kuti mwenje wokutanga unoshandisa simba remagetsi rakapwetwa kaviri zvichienzaniswa nemwenje wechipiri. Uye tikatora varume vaviri wokutanga asenga masaga 50 echibage pama hour 4, wepiri akasenga masaga echibage 50 pamaawa 6 - wekutanga anenge ashanda nepawa rakakura pane wepiri.
Kushandurwa kwesimba kunogona kushandiswa kuita basa saka pawa inogonawo kurehwa sehuyero hwemudida (rate) wekuita basa. Basa rakafanana rinogona kuitwa nemunhu anokwira masitepusi akatakura saga rehupfu zvisinei kuti amhanya kana kuti afamba here, asi pawa yakawandiswa inoshandiswa pakumhanya nekuti basa racho rinoitwa munguva ishoma kupfura kana munhu wacho akamhanya.
[chinja] Chiyero
Nzenda (dimension) yepawa isimba kugova pana nguva. Chiyerwo muSI iWatt, yakatsazana neJoule rimwe pasekondi. Zvimwewo zviyero zvepawa zvinosanganisirawo masimbabhiza (horsepower), mafoot-pounds pamineti, nemakarori (calorie) paawa anoshandiswa munezvekudya. Simbabhiza rimwe rakaenzana nema33 000 foot-pounds pamineti zvakaenzanawo nemawatt 746.
[chinja] Pawa mumaSisitemu eChimakanika
Pawa mumasisitemu echimakanika (mechanical systems) isanganisiro yemafosi nehusuduruka. Chikuru, pawa maunga mhande efosi inoshanda pachinhu nemuchacha hwechinhu ichocho, kana kuti maunga mhande etoki (torque) pachiro chakaoma (rigid body) negonya muchacha (angular velocity) hwechiro ichocho.
Pawa mumakanika inokwanisawo kutsanangurwa setoredzero yebasa munguva (time derivative of work). Muzvemamakanika (mechanics), basa rinoitwa ne fosi F pachiro chinenge chichifamba munzira yakakombwa (curved path) C inopihwa neindegira pamutsetse (line integral):
panova x iri nzira C ne v uri muchacha munzira iyi. Toredzero munguva yetsazaniso yebasa inopa pawa panguva imwe se:
Mumasisitemu anoziririka, pawa huunga mhande hwetoki t negonya muchacha w,
panova w inoyerwa muma redhieni pasekondi.
[chinja] Pawa muMagetsi
Pawa yemagetsi inopihwa kune michina kana chinhu chinoshanda nemagetsi pane nguva imwe chete inowanikwa netsazaniso inoti
pachiva ne
- P(t) sepawa panguva imwe chete inoyerwa mumaWatts (Joules/Second),
- I(t) rufuvha rwemagetsi (Current) runoyerwa nemaAmperes,
- V(t) sebasa paumwe hwechaji (Voltage) rinoyerwa nemaVolts.
Kana kamuchina kanenge kachishandiswa kari rizisita (resistor) inenge ine resho yebasa paumwe hwechaji kunerufuvha isingachinje, zvinotevera kuti:
pane


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Mwaka wechizana
Shoko rokuti mwaka wechizana (century in English) rinoreva kuverengwa kwemakore zana (100) zvichibva pagore rechi(xx01) panotangira zana racho kusvika pagore rechi(x100) parinoperera. Somuenzaniso chizana 19 chakatanga mugore 1801 chikapera mugore 1900; mwaka wechizana 13 chakatanga mugore 1301 chikapera mugore 1400.
Pari zvino tiri muchizana 21 chakatanga mugore 2001 uye chinotarisirwa kupera mugore 2100.
Vanhu vekuEurope vakapamba Africa mumwaka wechizana 19; pakazopera mwaka wechizana 20 Africa yose yanga yawana rusununguko. Ghana ndiyo yakatanga kuwana rusununguko mugore ra1957 , Namibia ndiyo yakapedzisira mugore ra1990.


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Huchenjeri
Shoko rokuti huchenjeri (Intelligence in English) rinoreva kugona kushandisa pfungwa. Asi shoko iri rinokwanisa kupatsanurwa nokuti vanhu tonoonekwa tichigona kushandisa pfungwa nenzira dzakasiyana uye panguva dzaksiyana. Mumwe ane kuchenjera kwekugona muchikoro asi asina kuchenjera kwekugona kutaura nekugarisana nevanhu.
[chinja] Mhando Dzacho
Huchenjeri (Social Intelligence) kazhinji huchenjeri hunotaurwa pamusoro pemunhu anokwanisa kushanda navanhu kuti akwanise kubudirira pazvinhu zvaanoda kuti. Munhu akachenjera anokwanisa kutaura nevanhu, achishanda nevanhu, achiyananisa, kukurudzira, nokubudirira pane zvaanobata. Somuenzaniso mukomana akachenjera hanetseki kupfimba musikana; izivi hazvineyi nokugona mabhuku muchikoro.
Ungwaru (Dispositional intelligence) zvinoreva huchenjeri hunotaridzwa kana kubuda pachena zvichienderana nezviripo panguva iyoyo. Mumwe anagaita ungwaru padare pari kutongwa mhosva.
Musoro (socially constructive dispostion) huchenjeri hwemunhu anogona kuvaka vamwe asingaputse, uye munhu asingatambise mukana, asingaite hurombe.
Mhangami: (Clever, watchful, practical person) - izwi iri rinotaura munhu anokwanisa kubata nemawoko, kugadzira nokuita zvinhu - munhu uyu anonzi akapangama.


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Nzira shanu dzekuchengetedza magetsi nemari yenyu mudzimba
Sezvo tose tinoziva kuti mutengo wemagetsi mudzimba unokwira nguva nenguva, vazhinji vedu tinotsvaga nzira dzekukuderedza kushandiswa kwamagetsi mudzimba. Chinofadza ndichekuti nzira dziripo dziri pachena, dzakapfava, zvisina kugomera kana kuomesa magariro edu. Uyezve tinenge tichichengetedza zviwanikwa nenyika yedu.
- Shandisai Mvura Shoma,Yemugiza
Zvikamu makumi maviri neshanu kubva muzana, zvemari yemagetsi inobhadharwa nemhuri, imari yemagetsi yekudziisa mvura (ingave yadziiswa pachitofu, kana negiza). Nzira dzekuderedza mari uye nekushandiswa kwemvura inodziya ndedzidzi. Wachai nhumbi nekusuka midziyo nemvura yakatonhora. Wachai nhumbi dzakati wandei panguva imwe, mirirai kuti nhumbi dzine tsvina dziwande, kwete mangwana mangwana. Vhurai pombi zvine mwero kwete kuti ibude nesimba ichimhanya ichingoyerera, uye zve tengai mashawa anobuditsa mvura zvine mwero. Musapedza nguva yakareba muri mushawa muchigeza.
- Tengai Midziyo Yemandorokwati
Terevhizheni, mafiriji, zvitofu, mafiriza, madzimudzangara nemichini yekutonhodza dzimba. Kuna makambani anogadzira nekutengesa midziyo yakasimba, inogara uye nekudhonza magetsi mashoma ane mwero. Midziyo iyi yakaiswa zvidhindo zvine mifananidzo yenyeredzi—zhinji dzichireva kuti mudziyo unochengetdza magetsi, zvekuti pakufamba kwenguva nekushanda kwawo haukwevi nekumocha magetsi kana tavakuenzanisa neiya yakatengwa nekuti yakachipa.
- Shandisai Midziyo Yemagetsi Zvine Ungwaru
Chengetedzai magetsi nemari yenyu nekudzima midziyo wamunenge musingashandisa. Mudziyo wegawega unenge wakabatidzwa kuti nga uyezve chiringazuva chawo uchishanda—unenge uchitomo chamagetsi. Materevhizheni, maketero, madzimudzangara, mafeni. Musaita hushoroma hwekuita mafiriji nemafiriza akawanda, yedzai kudzima mafirijii asina zvinhu. Yedzai kuyanika hembe panze pazuva pane kushandisa ma dhiraya kana mbaura dzemagetsi. Mukaita izvi muchaona kuti munosevha zvekare zvikamu gumi pazana rerarega remari yemagetsi yamunobhadhara.
- Kudziisa Nekutonhodza Dzimba nguva yechando Nemadziya
Pamunobatidza mbaura ka mafeni emagetsi muchidzikisa kana kukwidza temburicha mumba magetsi anobva akwirawo nezvikamu zvishanu kana gumi kubva muzana. Onai kuti magonhi akavharwa kuti mweya wakatonhodzwa kana kudziiswa uchengeteke. Musakwidza kana kuderedza chiganhuro chemwando zvakanyanya.Nguva yechando isai pa 25°C (makumi maviri neshanu) kana 27°C (makumi maviri nenomwe). Nguva yemadziya isai chiganhuro pa 18°C (gumi nesere) kusvika pa 20°C (makumi maviri).
- Kuvhara maburi nemaberevere emba
Onai kuti imba yenyu yakapedzeredzwa kunyatso vakwa, magoni nemafafitera akanyatsokwenezverwa, maburi nemitswi yakavharwa kuti mwando wakatonhodza kana kudziiswa ushaye pekubuda napo dzimba dzigoramba dzichidziya kana kutonhora kwenguva ndefu. Kushandisa ‘masaga’ munyasi megonhi. Kuvharidzira mwando dzimwewo nzira ‘dzekiyakiya’ dzmunogona kuzviitira moga kumba.
Munoda kuziva zvakawanda nekuchengetedza mari yenyu here?
Mazano anobatsira, ari pachena maererano nekuchengetedza magetsi nemvura, maererano nesuweji, uyezve kana muchida ruzivo nezverubatsiro rwunobva kuhurumende endai pa Indaneti webhusayiti www.livinggreener.gov.au inenge iri muririmi.
Translating and Interperting Services (Bazi Rekuturikira Nekutsinhira Ndimi Dzakasiyanasiyana)
Parizvino Bazi Re Kududzirwa nekuturukira rurimi rweChishona harisati robatsira pakuturukira kana kutsinhira mururimi rweChiShona. Mushure mekunge izvi zvokwanisika zvichaparurwa pa webhusaiti yekombuyuta www.livinggreener.gov.au


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Gudo
Gudo (baboon in English) imhuka yemusango yakafanana netsoko. mkudo ane mumhu unosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwegudo racho. makudo ari kuGuinea akareba 50cm uye ane huremu hunoita 14kg; makudo ari kuno kuChamhembe kweAfrica akareba 120cm uye ane huremu hunoita 40kg.
[chinja] Tsika
- Gudo guru peta muskwe vapwere vagokuremekedza.
- Charovedzera charovedzera gudo rakakwaira mawere kwasvipa.
Zvinoita sekunge gudo rakabata pfungwa dzevanhu kunyanya nemaitiro aro kana kuti maramiro aro. MuChiShona gudo rine mazita akanyanya kuwanda. Mamwe mazita ndiwo anoti: bveni; diro; dede.
Muimbi Oliver Mtukudzi wakaimba, "Gudo munorivengerei, gudo haridye husiku? Nhunzi wawapumha ndiye anopa zvirwere".


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Tendai Biti
Tendai Laxton Biti ndiye Minister of Finance muZimbabwe. Mukutaura kwechimanjemanje Tendai Biti ndiro gurukota rinoona nezveMuduso. Biti ndiye zvakare Munyori Mukuru weBato reMovement for Democratic Change (MDC-T) rinofamba naMorgan Tsvangirai, murume uyu anomirira bato iri mudare reParliament of Zimbabwe.
[chinja] Kukura Kwavo
Biti akaberekwa kuDzivarasekwa, Harare, akadzidza kuGoromonzi High School kubva gore 1980 kusvika 1985. Akanopinda kuUniversity of Zimbabwe mugore ra1986 achidzidza Mutemo (law). Ari paUniversity akabata chinzvimbo cheMunyori Mukuru weStudents Union , munguva iyi akatungamira vadzidzi kuratidzira vachipokana nekumbunyikidzwa kwaiitwa vadzidzisi vairambidzwa kutaura pfungwa dzavo zvizere. Paakapedza kuUniveristy Biti akanotanga basa neKambani yemagweta Honey and Blackenberg achizova mumwe wana muzvinabhizinisi ava nemakore 26.


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Hwiriro
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, hwiriro (Frequency) - iri izwi rinotaura huwandu hwechiitiko chinodzokorora, kuti chiri kuitika kangani kuchiverengwa pachiyero chenguva. Hwiriro hunopimwa nechiyero chinonzi Hertz unove mupimo unoreva kuti chiitiko chiri kuitika kamwe pa sekondi imwe. Chititiko chinoverengwa chichitangira nokuperera panvzimbo imwe kureva kuti kana chapera kuitika panenge pave nokudzokera panzvimbo pavambwa kuverengwa.
[chinja] Kurerutsa Mutauro
- Magetsi emuZimbabwe ane hwiriro hwe 60 hertz.
- Ruwoko rwunotaridza masekondi pachiringazuva rwune hwiriro hwe 60 pamineti hour imwe.
- Injini yemotokari ine hwiriro hwunodarika 2000 dendera pamineti.
[chinja] Tsika
- Anohwiriro raura maakambobata hove - apa kureva kudzokorora kuraura maakambobata hove.


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Sasauka
Muzvidzidzo zvinoti: fundoyetsimba netaranyika, kusasauka (Evaporation) zvinoreva kushanduka kubva pakuva mutuvi (liquid) kuenda pakuva mupfunga wemvura (water vapour). Somuenzaniso, mvura inosasauka kubva munzvimbo dzayakaungana senzizi, nyanza, negungwa. Mvura inosasauka kuburikidza nekupisa kwezuva, uye kupeperutswa nemhepo.
Kusasauka kwemvura rimwe danho paNhevedzwa dzeMvura. Vamwe vatauri vanoti kukwaika kwemvura.
[chinja] Kurerutsa Mutauro
- Kwakaidza tumvura twomugungwa kuti uwane munyu.
- Mvura yomu tsambakodzi yati kwaka.


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Tsazahusiku
Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika (Geography), mazuva eTsazahusiku anoitika March 20-21 neSeptember 20-21. Pamazuva aya Denderedzwa reChiedza rinocheka North pole neSouth pole - mativi ose eAkiso anenge ari hhambwe dzakafanana kubva kuzuva - hapana divi rinenge riri pedyo nezuva kudarika rimwe. Zvakare hapana divi reAkiso rinenge rakanongedza kune zuva. Pam
- Bulleted list item
azuva aya nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzinowana husiku hwakaenzana, hwakareba 12 maawa - saka mazuva aya achinzi Tsazahusiku- equinox.
Kubva pana March 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichireba kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - kutanga kwenguva yeChirimo (spring) kunzvimbo dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichiderera, kutanga kwenguva yeMatsutso (autumn) kunzvimbo idzi.
Kubva pana Sep 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichiderera kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - iyi inguva yemwaka we[[Matsutso] (autumn) kunzvimbo dziri ku[[Maodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichireba, nguva yemwaka weChirimo kunzvimbo idzi.
Chivakamberi chekuti Tsaza- chiri pamberi peshoko rokuti tsazahusiku chinodudza kuti zvinhu zvakataurwa kumashure kwacho zvakaenzana. Vara rokuti Tsaza- rinofanana nerokuti equi- rinoshandiswa kuEnglish pamberi pemashoko anoti: equilateral, equidistant, equiangular.


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Pimagonyonhatu
Muchidzidzo Pimanyika, pimagonyonhatu chidzidzo chinoongorora hukama huripo pakati penhambwe dziri pamativi nemagonyo egonyonhatu. Kukura kwakaita gonyo kunodudzwa negovano dzinoti sine, cosine, uye tangent
Govano (ratio) izwi rinoreva hukama huripo pakati penhamba mbiri dzine nzenda (dimensions) dzakafanana. Govano inonyorwa seizvi (a:b), izvi zvichitiudza kuti nhamba yechipiri inopinda kangani mune yokutanga.
[chinja] Govano dzePimagonyonhatu
Ichi chidzidzo chononzi trigonometric ratios kuEnglish. Chidzidzo chino chinotaura pamusoro pehukama huripo pakati penhambwe dziri pamativi nemagonyo egonyonhatu. Chikamu ichi tinoshanda negonyonhatu yemutwi tichidzidza nezve govano dzinoti tangent, sine uye cosine. Govano idzi dzinoshandiswa kuti tizive mativi uye magonyo ane hukuru hunenge husinga zivikanwe.
Kuti tipinde muchidzidzo cheGovano dzePimagonyonhatu tinotanga tadudza mazita anopiwa kumativi egonyonhatu. Mativi matatu anopiwa mazita zvichibva pakuti tiri kushanda negonyo ripi regonyonhatu.
- Divi rakabatana negonyo ratiri kushanda naro rinonzi hwaro (adjacent kuEnglish),
- Divi rakatarisana negonyo ratiri kushanda naro rinonzi darisanwa (opposite kuEnglish) ; iri divi rakaita mutwi nehwaro.
- Divi guru rine nhambwe yakareba kupfura mamwe rinonzi muzendami (hypotenuse) nokuti rinoita sokunge rakazendamiswa rakatsigirwa kuhwaro nedarisanwa.
Sine yegonyo igovano yenhambwe dzedarisanwa nemuzendami. Sine ine tsazaniso inoti:
Sine = darisanwa/muzendami
Cosine yegonyo igovano yenhambwe dzehwaro nemuzendami. Cosine ine tsazaniso inoti:
Cosine = hwaro/muzendami
Tangent yegonyo igovano yenhambwe dzedarisanwa nehwaro. Tangent ine tsazaniso inoti:
Tangent = darisanwa/hwaro


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Roora
Roora (rovora muChiKaranga) mutengo unobviswa nomunhurume kana achinge avekuda kugara nomunhukadzi. Roora izwi rinoshandiswa zvikuru muChivanhu chechiZezuru. Rinowanikwawo mumarudzi mazhinji echiShona akaita seChiKaranga kana ChiManyika. Roora rine zvikamu zvakawanda zvinosanganisira Makandinzwanaani, Matekenyandebvu, Kunonga, Kupinda mumusha uye Rusambo. Pane zvimwe zvakawanda zvinobviswa zvichienda nekuti vanhu ndeverudzi rupi.
[chinja] Zvikamu Zveroora
Roora rinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvinoIta zvitanhatu
[chinja] Zvidoko/Zvibinge
Kureva zviripwa zvidokodoko zvakaita se makandinzwa nani, kupinda mumusha, mhwanya musha (dhameji), nezviripwa ripwa
[chinja] Zva Mai
Izvo zvinobvisirwa amai, semapfukudza dumbu, nemommbe yeumai. Zvipfeko zvamai zvinobatanidzwavo ipapa.
[chinja] Rusambo
Muripo wainzi makarekare mukomana abvise apo anenge aisa rusambo rwake pamusikana waanenge ave kuroora. Rusambo (kana kuti sambo or Shambo)runorukwa zvakanakisa nehuswa hunyoro rwoshandiswa seshongedzo yekuisa mumaoko kana makumbo (zvingangofanana nema bracelet kana mabangle nhasi uno) zvino mukomana aizorupa kumusikana kuratidza kuti ndewake saka pakuroora airipiswa mbudzi imwe chete kana mbiri dzekuisa rusambo rwake pamwana wevaridzi. Ndopakabva zita rekuti Rusambo.
Rwaive rwuri muchikamu chezvidoko zvekuroora. Munhu haaibvumidzwa kutora mukadzi kana asina kubvisa rusambo uye haana waaibvunza kana aizowana mukadzi atorwa nemumwe kana asina kurubvisa, nekudaro Rusambo rwaive rwuchifanirwa kuve nemuripo wakaderera zvikuru nekuti hazvaiita kuti munhu aroora ozokundikana kurwubhadhara. Rusambo rwaionekwa zvakare sechiratidzo chokuti vabereki vemusikana havadi kuti mwana wavo aroorwe nemunhu arikumuda, kana kuti vanhu vanokara zvikurusa, vaingodeedzera kuti paRusambo vari kuda mombe imwe kana mbiri zvinova zvaitaridza kuti varikuomesa nekuti havadi kana kuti varikuda kutopfumira ipapo. wana vakanaka
[chinja] Danga
Kureva zvipfuwo zvinobviswa , ruzhinji imombe, asi mazuvano vamwe vava kureva danga riri mumari, vozoda mombe imwe kana mbiri dzinonzi "dzinotsika" kureva mombe chaidzo mhenyu.
[chinja] Majasi
Kureva zvipfeko zvinotengerwa vabereki vomukadzi. Makare kare, amai vaitengerwa gumbeze chete, nezvinhu zvakaita sebadza, nguwo yenhembe, ne chipfuko chekucheresa mvura. Izvi zvakazoshanduka zvodaidzira zvipfeko zvamazuvano, gumbeze, nezvimwe. Majasi anoendeswa ne munyayi ari mu"butiro" kureva beki kana bhokisi , iro rinova chikamu chemajasi.
[chinja] Maitiro enharaunda dzakasiyana-siyana panyaya dzeroora
Kune dzimwe nzvimbo, kune zvimwe zvirango zvinobviswa mushure meroora rataurwa pamusoro apo. Kune mombe yechimanda , yaiurawa kuti idyiwe vanhu vachipemberera kuti mukunda abata pamuviri. Mazuvano vabereki vazhinji vava kungotema mombe yechimanda pamwe chete neroora.
Kunoitawo kamwe kamari kanoripwa kana mukuwasha ari kuda kukumbira mvumo yokuita muchato; iyi imari ndiki.


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User:Anotida08
Ndiriwo mumwewo wevan hu vanofarira mutauro wedu wechiVanhu. Ndinovimba kuti rubatsiro rwangu mukuwedzera ruzivo paWikipedia muchiShona uyezve kukoka vanhu kuti vawedzere ruzivo kuchabatsira vanhu vari kuZimbabwe vaone kukosha kwakaita mutauro wavo. Uyezve ndinovimba kuti kubva pano paWikipedia muchiShona, kuchaita kuwedzera kwemawebhusaiti painternet anenge ari mumutauro wedu.
Parizvino ndiri kudzidza Engineering kuYunivhesiti yeKapa saka ndichange ndichiwedzera ruzivo nekugadzira mapeji muzvidzidzozvefundoyetsimba nezvimwewo zvidzidzo zvinoita nezveengineering.


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Sangano reZimbabwe Election Support Network, ZESN, rinoti vanhu vachakabatwa nekutya kukuru mumatunhu mazhinji munyika, zvekuti havakwanisi kubuda pachena munyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika.
Ongororo yakaitwa nesangano iri pakati pemwedzi yaChikunguru naNyamavhuvhu inoratidza kuti ruzhinji rwevanhu munyika harwusati rwave kukwanisa kuratidza kuti rwunotsigira bato ripi mune zvematongerwo enyika, kana kupfeka zvipfeko zvemamwe mapato asiri bato reZanu PF.
Sangano iri rinoti zvikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana zvevanhu munzvimbo dziri mumatunhu anoti Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West neMashonaland Central neMatabeleland South vakati havakwanisi kupfeka mbatya dzebato risiri Zanu PF, uye vanhu vachiri kumanikidzwa kuenda kumisangano yebato iri.
ZESN inoti hurumende yemubatanidzwa yakambounza zvishoma kugadzikana mune mamwe matunhu akaita seBulawayo uko zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana zvematunhu zvine vanhu vanopfeka mbatya dzemapato avanoda zvisina dambudziko.
Mukuru weZESN, Amai Rindai Chipfunde-Vava, vaudza Studio 7 kuti panofanirwa kuitwa dzidziso yakasimba neboka reZimbabwe Electoral Commission pamwe nemasangano akazvimirira sarudzo dzisati dzaitwa kuitira kuti vanhu vagokwanisa kunovhota vasingatyi.
Hurukuro naAmai Rindai Chipfunde-Vava


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Muchato
Muchato chiitiko chekunge murume nemukadzi vari kuroorana vachiita mhiko dzavo dzokugara vose. kazhinji kuitwa kwemhiko kunoteverwa nemhemberero apo vanhu vakakokwa vanenge vofara pamwe nevachati.
Muchato unokwanisa kuitirwa muKereke kana kuitirwa mudare raMudzviti. Vanochata vanowanza kunge vaine vafakazi vanopupura kuti vaona muchato uwu vachiisa runyoro rwavo pagwaro remuchato. Mukadzi anenge achichata anonzi mwenga, murume anenge achichata anonzi zenda kana kuti toti zendanomwenga.
MuZimbabwe nekune dzimwe nyika nhau yekuroorana inoperera pamberi pemhuri nevabereki pasina kuenda kunochata kuKereke kana kuhurumemnde. MuZimbabwe murume anenge aripa roora paanozopiwa mukadzi natezvara. Kunyika dzevarungu mukuwasha anopiwa mukadzi asina roora raaripa. Kune dzimwe nyika mukadzi ndiye anoripa mari achitora mururme kuti ave wake; iyi tsika inowanikwa kuIndia.


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Nhamba svinu
Muchidzidzo masvomhu, nhamba svinu (rational number in English) inhamba inokwanisa kunyorwa sedimbu p/q rine nhamba dzizere mbiri. Apa chisengazita hachifanirwe kunga chiri zero, izvi zvinoreva kuti q anogona kuva 1. Nokudaro chero ipi nhamba izere inokwana muboka renhamba svinu
Kana nhamba isiri nhamba svinu, inodanwa kunzi nhamba isisvinu. Boka renhamba dzisisvinu rinosanganisira √2, π, pamwe na e. Nhamba isisvinu inoramba ichienderera isingadzokore kurudyi kwa koma wepamuravanegumi - decimal comma.


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Dudzirazivo raPythagoras
Muchidzidzo pimanyika, Dudzirazivo raPythagoras, itsazaniso yakanyorwa naPythagoras inotaura hukama huripo pakati pemativi matatu egonyonhatu yakarurama. Zvichinyorwa sehukuru hwenharaunda, dudzirazivo iri rinoyorwa sezvizvi:
Nharaunda yeskweya rine divi muzendami yakaenzana nekubatanidzwa kwenharaunda dzemaskweya maviri ane mativi ari pamakumbo maviri egonyonhatu yakarurama - (apa kuchirehwa makumbo anosangana pagonyo rakarurama).
Dudzirazivo iri rinonyorwa setsazaniso inotaura hukama pakati pehurefu hwemativi a, b and c, inonzi Tsazaniso yaPythagoras:
Apa c anomirira hurefu hwemuzendami, a na b vachimirira hurefu hwemakumbo maviri anosangana pagonyo rakarurama.
Dudzirazivo iri rakapiwa zita remurume wekuGreece anonzi Pythagoras anova ndiye anonzi akatanga kuwona hukama pakati pemativi egonyonhatu yakarurama. Asiwo kunonzi magodobori emasvomhu ekuBabylon akange achiziva zvohukama uhwu Pythagoras asati azviziva. Pari zvino hakuchina humbowo hunotsigira kuti vaBabylon vakanga vachiziva dudzirazivo raPythagoras kana kuti vakanga vamboshandisa ruzivo rwunotaurwa naPythagoras.
[chinja] Mamwe manyorerwo
Sekutaurwa kwamboitwa kana c achimirira hurefu hwemuzendami, a na b vachimirira hurefu hwemamwe mativi, dudzirazivo raPythagoras rinonyorwa setsazaniso yaPythagoras sezvizvi:
Kana hurefu hwemativi a na b huchizivikanwa, hurefu hwedivi c hunowanikwa sezvizvi:
Kana hurefu hwemuzendami c nerimwe divi (a kana b) huchizivikanwa, tinenge toti hurefu hwerimwe divi hunowanikwa netsazaniso idzi:
kana
Dudzirazivo raPythagoras rinopa hukama hwemativi egonyonhatu yakarurama nenzira yakareruka, zvokuti kana hurefu hwemativi maviri huchizivikanwa, hurefu hwedivi rechitatu hauchanetse kuwana. Nekumwe kutaura kunonongedza zviripo padudzirazivo, muzendami wakareba kudarika divi rimwe nerimwe asi muzendami mupfupi pane kubatanidzwa kwehurefu hwemativi maviri.
[chinja] Humbowo hunotsigira
Humbowo hwegonyonhatu dzakafanana
Humbowo huri pano hunoshandisa muzasedimbu uri pakati pemativi egonyonhatu dzakafanana, izvi zvichireva kuenzana kwerheshiyo dzemativi egonyonhatu dzakafanana, zvisinei kuti gonyonhatu idzi hadzina kuenzana.
Ngatiti ABC rive gonyonhatu yakarurama ine gonyo rakarurama pana C, sezviri kutaridzwa pamufananidzo. Ngatitarei mutsetse kubva pana C, uchinorurama pahwaro AB papoyindi H. Poyindi H inokamura muzendami c kuita zvikamu d na e. Gonyonhatu idzva ACH rakafanana negonyonhatu ABC nokuti dzose dzine gonyo re90o, uye dzine gonyo rakaenzana pana A. Izvi zvinoreva kuti gonyo rechitatu rakaenzana mugonyonhatu dziri mbiri, iri gonyo riri kudanwa kunzi θ pamufananidzo. Nenzira imwechete yemafungiro tinoona kuti gonyonhatu CBH rakafanana negonyonhatu ABC. Kufanana kwegonyonhatu idzi kunoreva kuti panokwanisa kunyorwa tsazaniso dzinotevera:
Tsazaniso rekutanga rinoenzanisa cosine dzemakonyo ane zita θ, tsazaniso rechipiri rinoenzanisa sine dzemakonyo.
Rheshiyo idzi dzinonyorwa sezvizvi:
Tichiwedzanisa tsazaniso mbiri idzi tinowana,
zvakanyorwa pamusoro kana zvarerutswa zvinopa dudzirazivo raPythagoras:


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Rudzivo
Muchidzidzo chepimanyika, rudzivo (Direction) rinoreva mashoko anotigonesa kunongedzwa kuti nzvimbo iri kupi. Rudzivo runonongedza divi riri kutaurwa nezvaro. Rudzivo ndiyo mhinduro yatinotsvaga patinobvunzwa mibvunzo yokuti:
- Uri kuenda kupi, papi chaipo?;
- Uri kupi, papi chaipo?;
- KuHarare ndinosvika sei, ndinotevedza nzira dzipi?;
- Mabhazi anoenda kumusha akwirirwa kupi?'
Mepu dzepanyika dzinotaridza mativi mana erudzivo anoti: Mabvazuva, Madokero, Maodzanyemba, neChamhembe.
[chinja] Tsanguro
Mabvazuva idivi riri kunobuda nako zuva mangawani ega ega.
Madokero idivi riri kunonyura nako zuva manheru ega ega. Panopimwa gonya rinokwana 180o kubva kuMadokero kusvika kuMabvazuva.
Maodzanyemba: Iri idivi riri kurudyi kwemunhu kana akatarisa kunovirira zuva (kumavirazuva kana kuti kumadokero). Ku maodzanyemba kwakapesana nokuchamhembe.
Chamhembe: idivi riri kwakapesana nokumaodzanyemba, uye kunenge kuri kurudyi kana munhu akatarisa kumabvazuva. Pane gonya rinokwana 180o pakati peMaodzanyemba neChamhembe.
[chinja] Kutsetsa Rudzivo
Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMabvazuva (North East in English) ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuMaodzanyemba, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMabvazuva. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuMaodzanyemba, uye 45o kubva kuMabvazuva.
Kana potaurwa muchidimbu kunonzi kuMaodzanyemba nechekuMabvazuva.
Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMadokero - ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuMaodzanyemba, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMadokero. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuMaodzanyemba, uye 45o kubva kuMadokero.
Chamhembe kwakadziva kuMadokero (South West in English) ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuChamhembe, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMadokero. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuChamhembe, uye 45o kubva kuMadokero.
Kana potaurwa muchidimbu kunonzi, Chamhembe nechekuMadokero.
Chamhembe kwakadziva kuMabvazuva (South East in English) ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuChamhembe, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMabvazuva. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuChamhembe, uye 45o kubva kuMabvazuva.
Kana potaurwa muchidimbu kunonzi, Chamhembe nechekuMabvazuva.


text:
Gonyo
Muzvidzidzo zvePimanyika (Geometry) gonyo (angle) izwi rinoreva kushama kwakaita mukwava uri pakati pemitsetse miviri inosangana pamukwava iwoyo. Kukura kwegonyo kunopimwa nenhamwe yekushama kwakaita mukwava uri pakati pemitsetse miviri, gonyo rinokura apo mitsetse iyi inenge iri kutaramukana.
Gonyo kana ichipimwa inopimwa nechiyero chinonzi dhigiriyi chinova chinomirirwa nevara iri (o). Mitsetse miviri kana ichinge yabatana zvokunge yakanamana, tinoti pane gonyo 0o.
Mitsetse kana yakaita mutwi (yakarurama) inenge ine mupimo wegonyo 90o.
Gonyo rinopoteredza poyindi rinopimwa kuita 360o. Iri ndiro gonyo riripo kana tapoteredza denderedzwa kamwechete zvizere.


text:
Rheshiyo
Muzvidzidzo zvinotevera: masvomhu, fundoyetsimba, rheshiyo (ratio) izwi rinoreva hukama huripo pakati penhamba mbiri dzine nzenda (dimensions) dzakafanana. Rheshiyo inonyorwa seizvi (a:b), izvi zvichitiudza kuti nhamba yechipiri inopinda kangani mune yokutanga.
Muenzaniso ungapiwa ingati:
- Zvikwata zviviri zvenhabvu Guruve United neMhangura United zvanga zviine zvibodzwa 3:2 papera mutambo; apa rheshiyo yacho inenge iri 1.5.
- Mumwe muenzaniso: pavakapedza kudiridza Sarudzai naChipo vakanga vane 30:15 migomo yemvura yavakatakura - apa rheshiyo yacho inenge iri 2. Tinoona kuti pamienzaniso yapiwa zvinhu zviri kufananidzwa zvine nzenda kana chiyero chakafanana.


text:
Misandu yeSebhe
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Misandu yesebhe (States of Matter) izita rapiwa kududza chimiro chezvinhu zvinobatika nekuonekwa nekunzwikwa pakunge zvasvitswa panharaunda yakasiyana hujoto kana mutsindo (temperature and pressure). Kune misandu mitatu yemvura zvichienderana nehujoto hwemvura yacho.
Godo (solid) - iri izwi rapiwa kutsangudza chinhu chakaumbana chisingayerere chingafananidzwa nedombo kana simbi. Takatarisana nemvura tinoona inoita magodo emazaya echando (ice) kana mvura yatondodzwa zviri pasi pe 0o Celsius. Magodo haayerere uye anochengeta kuumbwa kwaakaitwa, pasina kutsindirika kwakanyanya kungaitwa.
Mutuvi (Liquid) - iri zita rapiwa kududza chinhu chine kutaridzika kunenge kwemvura inoyerera. Chinhu chine musandu weMutuvi chinoyerera uye chakadirwa mugapu, chinotora kuumbwa kwakaita gapu iroro zvichienderana nehuwandu wemutuvi wacho. Muenzaniso wemituvi inosanganisira mvura, mukaka, huchi, peturu, zvichingodaro. Iri zita rapiwa richitoredzera mutuvi unova mvura iya yemukaka.
Gasi (Gas) - iri zita rapiwa kuzvinhu zvinenga mweya watinofema, zvisingabatike, asi zvichigona kunzwika kuti zviripo. Gasi rinotambanuka kuzadza nzvimbo kana rongo raunenge waiswa, zvakare unogona kutsindirwa kana mutsindo wawedzerwa. Mienzaniso yegasi inosanganidza oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, hydrogen sulphide zvichingodaro


text:
Kubundira
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, kubundira (Condensation) zvinoreva kushanduka kwemupfunga wemvura (water vapour) uchiva madonhwe emvura. Kana takatarisa nhevedzwa yemvura, mwando wemvura unobundira kuita makore kana kuita mhute.
Kujekesa
Zvakakosha kuti tinonesane kuti mwando wemvura unobundirawo zvakare kuita magodo uchidarika danho rokumbova mutuvi; izvi zvinoitika kunyika dzinotonhora panguva imwe chete inoverereka magodo echando kuita mupfunga wemvura - sublimation.
Naizvozvo misandu miviri inoti mutuvi negodo inonzi misandu yakabundira - condensed phases.


text:
Pimanyika
[chinja] Pimanyika
Pimanyika (Geometry in English) chidzidzo chinowongorora mibvunzo pamusoro pezvinotevera:
- Kaumbirwo kakaitwa zviumbwa tichitarisa kupimwa kwemativi nemagonyo;
- Kupa mitemo inotsanangudza, kufananidza, nokusiyanisa chiumbwa chimwe nechimwe;
- Kududza kuti chiumbwa chiri papi zvichifananidzwa nepane chimwe chiumbwa.
- Kukura kwakaita nzvimbo;
- Kududza kuti nzvimbo iri papi zvichifananidzwa nepane imwe nzvimbo;
[chinja] Chinangwa
Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino kuparura nhaurwa yezvidzidzo zvePimanyika tichitaura neChiShona. Pakutanga mazita achapiwa kune izvo zvatinosangana nazvo pakupima nzvimbo nezviumbwa. Mazita eShona achadudzirwa zvakare pachishandiswa mazwi ariko kuChirungu. Nokuda kwekuti mamwe mazwi haasati aveko kuChiShona pachange pachipiwa mazita matsva, zvichibatsira kuumba mutauro wedu takatarisana neumhizha Pimanyika.
[chinja] Mashoko Anowanikwa Muzvidzidzo zvePimanyika
Chiyero chekupimisa (Unit of measure)- pakupimwa kunoitwa zvinopimwa pane mwero yakatarwa pamutemo (pasirose) kuti ishandiswe kupima mipimo yakasiyana inodaidzwa nemazita akasiyana. Sokuti kana tichipima nhambwe tinoshandisa chiyero chinonzi mita (metre).
Mutsetse kana kuti mutsara (line) - iri izwi rinotsanangudza mutaro wakanyorwa ungave wakati twasa kana kuti une minyongo.
Chiumbwa (Shape)- chiumbwa chinogona kunge chine nzenda mbiri kana nzenda nhatu. Tsanangudzo yokuti nzenda chii iri kutevera mberi
Hurefu (length) - shoko iri rinoreva kureba kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hwasha (width) - shoko iri rinoreva kupamhama kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hudzamu (depth) - shoko rinoreva kudzika kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hukwidza (altitude, height) - shoko iri rinoreva kukwirira kwakaita nzvimbo.
Mukwava (mugwava) - iri izwi rapiwa rinoreva panosangana mitsetse miviri kana uso huviri (where two surfaces or lines meet to form an angle)
Gonyo (angle) iri izwi rapiwa rinoreva kushama kwakaita mukwava uri pakati pemitsetse miviri kana uso huviri. gonyo kana ichipimwa inopimwa nechiyero chinonzi dhigirii
Sambamba (parallel) - izwi iri rapiwa rinotsangangudza mitsetse miviri yakati twasa yakataramukana nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose kana nhambwe ichipimwa pakati pemitsetse iyi. Apa nhambwe inofanirwa kunge iri kupimwa kuchitevedzwa mitsetse wechitatu unocheka mitsetse miviri yokutanga. Mutsetse wechitatu unofanirwa kunge uchicheka miviri yokutanga pamukwava une gonyo rakaenzana panzvimbo dzose. Muenzaniso wemitsetse wakati sambamba isimbi mbiri dzenjanji nokuti dzinofamba dzakayererana asi dzisingapesane.
Twasuka (straight) - izwi rinotsanangudza mutsetse kana kuti uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura yakagadzikana isina masaisai. Mutsetse uwu unenge usina gonyo kana munyonga.
Munyonga (Curve) - izwi iri rinotsanangudza mutsetse kana uso husina kuti twasa; panenge pane kutsveyama kana kutesva. Iri izwi richange rakakosha kana todzidza chidzidzo Kutara Mutaro (drawing graphs).
Hubumbe (convex) iri izwi rinotsanangudza chiumbwa chine uso hwakabumbira kunze. Mufananidzo ungapiwa kuumbwa kwakaitwa dumbu rakaguta kana kuti dutu revhu rinounganidzwa pakugadzira gandiwa rinoeredza mvura.
Hufombwe (Concave) - iri izwi rinotsanangudza chiumbwa chine uso hwakafovera mukati. Mufananidzo ungapiwa imbiya inopakurirwa usavi kana kuti mugero unocherwa pakugadzira gandiwa rinoeredza mvura.
Mutwi (Perpendicular, vertical) - iri izwi rapiwa kutsangudza uso kana mutsetse wakamira kuti tasa kubva panzvimbo kuenda mudenga kana pasi. Muenzaniso ungapiwa itambo yakasungirwa padavi remuti yakaremedzwa nedombo kuzasi kwainoperera. Tambo iyi inoita mutwi kudzika kubva padavi. Iri shoko rinotoredzera kubva pamutswi unoshandiswa kutswa muduri; pano ndasiyanisa zvishomane, asi pfungwa ichinge iripo yokuti mutswi kana uchitswa muduri unouya umire kuita "vertical" kana pedyo nokuva "vertical".
rurama (Right angled, normal) - mitsetse inosangana pamukwava ne90o ichange ichinzi yakarurama, uku kuri kutaura muchidumbu. Apa kufananidza kutaura kuri kuEnglish kunonzi "the wall is normal to the floor - which means wall forms angle of 90o with the wall.
Sandarara (Horizontal) - izwi rinoreva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura yakagadzikana isina masaisai. Mutsetse wakatichechtere semvura unonzi musandarara.
Mutsendo (Plane, flat area) - izwi iri rapiwa richireva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura. Mutsendo unogonga kunge wakamiswa wakaita mutwi kana kurara kuti sandarara kana kurereka neipi zvayo gonyo. Izwi iri ririkutorwa kubva pamutsendo chinova chombo chinoshandiswa nevanoveza mapuranga. Mutsendo (plane KuChirungu) unoshandiswa kuveza mapuranga kuti puranga rive neuso hwakati chechetere husina makomba uye husina kumanzika. Mutsendo uso hune nzenda mbiri chete, hwasha nehurefu; mutsendo hauna hudzamu.
Nharaunda (Area) - izwi rinoreva kukura kwakaita nzvimbo kana hwasha huchitsinhaniswa nehurefu hwenzvimbo iyoyo.
Chiso(surface)- iyi inzvimbo ine miganhu unotarwa nehwasha uye hurefu asi pasina hudzamu. Muenzaniso ungapiwa ndeuyo watinoouna takatarisa pamusoro petafura.
Mumhu (Volume) - iri izwi rapiwa kuti rireve kukura kwakaita nzvimbo kana hwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu zvatsinhaniswa. Shoko iri rinoreva kukura kwakaita munhu, mhuka kana chinhu mukutaura kwemazuva ose. Ndiro shoko randaona riri pedyo kutsanangudza volume.
Poyindi (point) - iri rinotsangura kanzvimbo katokotoko, katopoka, kasina hwasha, hurefu, kana hudzamu. Takatsimbidzira penzura papepa tingaedzesera kucherechedza poyindi; asi kana nepo dowo rinoitwa nemurumo wepenzura rine nhambwe - poyindi hachina nhambwe.
Nzenda (dimensions) rinoreva nhamba shomane (minimum) yezviringani inokwana kudoma pane poyindi munzvimbo iri kutaurwa nezvayo. Iri shoko rinotsanangudza inonzi dimensions kuEnglish. Shoko iri rinotoredzera pane rokuti kuenda; saka 3-dimensiional shape unokwanisa kuenda uchitevedza mupimo wehwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu - nzenda nhatu.
- Mutsetse une nzenda imwe (1), hurefu chete.
- Chiumbwa chiri pauso hwakati sandarara (plane) chine nzenda mbiri (2), hwasha nehurefu. Somuenzaniso zviumbwa zvinoterevra zvine 2-nzenda: tsazano; gonyonhatu; kayiti zvichingodaro.
- Chiumbwa chine mumhu chinonzi chine nzenda nhatu (3); hwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu. Somuenzaniso zviumbwa zvinoterevra zvine 3-nzenda: dumba; charaka; zhumwi; chiwarikwa kana kuti chiware.
Zviringani (Coordinates KuChirungu) - zviringani zvinoringanisa (align) nhambwe dzinoverengwa dzichitevedza maakiso anotarwa akarurama kuti tigone kudoma pane poyindi chiri kutsvakwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nhambwe mbiri idzi, dzinokwanisa kunongedza poyindi chimwechete, chiricho choga - ipapo toti zvaringana nokuti hapana kurasika. Tichinge tatara maakiso ane zviringani nenzira iyi tinenge tave neGumbapamwe reZviringani (Coordinates System). Ruzivo urwu rwakaunganidzwa naRené Descartes paakanyora Gumbapamwe reZviringani raDescartes (Cartesian Coordinates System).
Tsazaniso (Equation) - iri izwi rinoreva chinyorwa chinotaridza kuti mativi maviri ezvakanyorwa akaenzana kana kuti anotaura zvakaenzana. Pakati pemativi maviri panonyorwa vara rinoti (=) rinotiudza kuti mativi maviri akaenzana pane zvose. Shoko iri rinotodza kubva pashoko reChiManyika rinoti kutsazana rinoreva kuenzana. Nokuda kwekuti mamwe mashoko haasiri anoshandiswa mazuvaose ndiri kukwereta mashoko iwayo ndichiita kuti ashande muchidzidzo chepimanyika.
Tsaza- (Equi-) - ichi chivakamberi chichange chiri kushandiswa kuratidza kuti zvakadomwa kumashure kwaicho chivakamberi ichi zvakaenzana uye zvakafanana. Tsaza- achange achishandiswa nenzira imwe inoshandiswa prefix equi- inoshandiswa kuEnglish pamwazwi akaita sa: equidistant; equilateral; equiangular. Sarudzo iyi yaitwa pachicherechedzwa kuti kufanana hazvirevi kuenzana; sokuti baba nemwana wavo nyangwe vakafanana, havana kuenzana.
Mutsazanisi (equator) - iri zita rapiwa kutsanangura mutsetse unopangidza panosangana uso hweurungano nemutsendo une goko rehuremu uye wakarurama neakiso yeurungano yacho. Kureva kuti mutsendo uyu wakaita mutwi neaksio uye kuti wakatakuraGoko rehuremu (centre of mass) yeurungano yacho. Iri zita rinoshandiswazve pakutsangudza kuumbwa kweRinopasi, (Earth).
Chidzudzani (Congruency) zvinoreva kuti zvivakwa zviviri zvine chiumbwa (shape) chakafanana uye hukuru (size) hwakaenzana. Izvi zvoreva kuti chiumbwa chokutanga chinokwanisa kushandurwa mamiriro kusvikira chati gedye-gedye kupindirana nechiumbwa chepiri; zvimwechitezvo tichitanga kushanda nechiumbwa chepiri.
Kupimirana (Symmetry)- iri izwi rinotaura kuti chiumbwa chine zvikamu zvakafanana pazvinhu zvose: kukura kwakaita magonyo, uwandu hwemativi, nhambwe dziri pamativi, uye kuringana kwakaita mativi nemagonyo. Zvikamu izvi zvinofananidzwa maringe neAkiso dzichatsanangurwa mberi. Shoko rokuti kupimirana rinobva pakuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoita kunge chidhindo chechimwe - takapima chikamu chokutanga zvakafanana nokunge tapima chikamu chepiri. Kumipirana kunotsangudza zvizere chinyorwa chine zita irori.
[chinja] Mashoko Anomirira Zviumbwa
Pachikamu chiri pamusoro pataurwa mazita anosanganisira gonyo (angle) nemukwava (intersection of lines and surfaces). Tichasimuka apa tichipa mazita tichiumba kubva pamashoko maviri aya.
Gonyozhinji (Polygon): KuChirungu izwi rokuti "polygon" rinoreva chiumbwa chine mativi mazhinji uye gonyo zhinji. Mitsetse inobatana pamukwava inenge iri yakati twasa. Shoko rinoti "poly" rinoreva "many" - kuwanda. Shoko rinoti "gon" rinobva pashoko rekuti "gonia" (Latin) rinoreva "bent" kana kuti "ankle". Isu kuChiShona tichapa zita rokuti gonyozhinji kududzira shoko rokuti "polygon". Zvichinge zvamira nenzira iyoyi hazvichanetsi kupa mazita eShona kuzviumbwa; tinenge toverenga kuti chiumbwa chine gonyo (mikwava) ngani kana kuti mativi mangani.
- Triangle ine mativi matatu inenge yonzi gonyonhatu.
- Quadrilateral ine mativi mana inenge yonzi gonyoina.
- Pentagon ine mativi mashanu inenge yonzi gonyoshanu.
Tinoramba tichienda kusvika decagon ine mativi gumi ichinzi gonyogumi zvichingodaro.
Tichiri ipapo zvakafanira kuti tionesane kuti gonyozhinji rega-rega rakaumbwa riine mativi anoverengwa kuenzana nemikwava (gonyo) iri mukati mechiumbwa ichocho.
Gonyonhatu: Tichataura pamusoro pemarudzi egonyonhatu; aya anotumidzwa mazita zvichienderana nekupimwa kwemativi uye gonyo dziri paari. Kune gonyonhatu tsazakose (equilateral triangle) - iri rine mativi ose akaenza uye gonyo nhatu dzose dzakaenzana. Kune gonyonhatu mutseyekwa (scalene triangle) - iri rine mativi ose ane nhambwe dzakasiyana uye gonyo nhatu dzose dzakasiyana. Hazvinei gonyonhatu mutseyekwa agara nedivi ripi anotaridzika seanorerekera (kana kuwandira) kune rimwe divi nguva dzose. Kune gonyonhatu tsazamaviri (isosceles triangle) - iri rine mativi maviri akaenzana, negonyo mbiri dzakaenzana. Kunoitawo gonyonhatu yemutwi (right-angled triangle) - iyi ine mativi maviri anosvika pamukwava une gonyo re 90o.
Gonyonhatu yemutwi: Mativi matatu egonyonhatu iri anopiwa mazita akasiyana zvichibva pamamiriro akaita gonyonhatu. Kune mativi maviri anosvika pamukwava une gonyo ye 90o; pamativi aya rokutanga rikanzi hwaro(adjacent), repiri richabva ranzi darisanwa (opposite side). Divi guru rine nhambwe yakareba kupfura mamwe rinonzi muzendami (hypotenuse) nokuti rinoita sokunge rakazendamiswa rakatsigirwa kuhwaro nemutwi.
Sarudzo yokuti darisanwa idivi ripi uye hwaro divi ripi inodudzirwa nokuti timire mugonyo ripi. Muzendami ndiye murefu anoramba aine zita rimwechete - uyu haachinje. Divi rakabatana negonyo ratiri kushanda naro ndiro rinova hwaro, repiri rakaita mutwi nehwaro ndiro rinova darisanwa. Zvizhinji zvichatsanangurwa muchikamu chePimagonyonhatu, (trigonometry) chichatevera mberi.
Tsananguro: Iro shoko reChirungu rinoti hypotenuse rinomborevei? Shoko rokuti hypo rinobva pashoko reLatin rinoreva kuti under. Shoko rokuti tenuse rinobva zvakare kuLatin richireva kuti stretched. Vakare vakatanga chidzidzo Kupimanyika vakacherechedza vakaona divi refu regonyonhatu richitaridzika seratatamurwa kana kuti paChirungu riri under tension or stretched. Vakare ava vakaenda mberi kwedu vaipawo mazita maererano nemaonero avaiita panguva yavo - ini ndinoonawo zvakafanira kuti kuChiShona tipe mazita maererano nemaonero edu sekuitawo kwakaita vakare vakaumba chidzidzo ichi kuChirungu. Nekukurawo kweruzivo tinoramba tichivandudza chidzidzo ichi kuti chitsangure zvine hudzamu hunokurawo.
Denderedzwa (circle kuEnglish)
Nhara (Radius)- iri izita remutsetse unobatanidza goko redenderedzwa nemuganhu wedenderedzwa; nhara ndiyo inotara panogumira denderedzwa. Izwi iri rinoshaniswazve kutsanangudza mutsetse unobatanidza goko reurungano, neuso hweurungano - uso hweurungano hune nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose kubva pagoko.
Gurapakati (Diameter) - uyu mutsetse unopfuura nepakati (centre) redenderedzwa uchinobata muganhu panzvimbo mbiri. Mutsetse uyu unotema denderedzwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana.
Guramakonyo (Diagonal muChiRungu) - iri izwi rinoreva mutsetse wakati twasa unobva pagonyo uchidanha nemukati megonyozhinji kuenda pane rimwe gonyo. Guramakonyo rinobatanidza makonyo asina kutevedzana chete. Kana chiumbwa chiri skweya, guramakonyo rinobatanidza goko (centre) negonyo mbiri dzakatarisana. Zviumbwa zvine mativi anodarika mana zvinoita zviguramakonyo zvinodarika maviri.
Pimamuganhu (Perimeter) - iri izita rinopiwa nhambwe yemitsetse inovaka chiumbwa chine nzenda mbiri. KuChiShona tichashandisa zita rimwechete kududza pimamuganhu yezviumbwa zvose kusanganisira denderedzwa.
Zhumwi (Prism) - chiumbwa chine nzenda nhatu (3-dimensional) chinotaridzika kunge chiumbwa chine nzenda mbiri chakatatamurwa zvichitevedza kunoenda mutwi unobva pahwaro. (Appears like a 2-dimensional shape that has been translated along a line perpendicular to the base, so that all parallel cross-sections have the same shape) Somuenzaniso, zhumwi regonyonhatu (triangular prism) rine uso huviri hwakati sambamba; mucheko yose yakati sambamba nemiviri yarehwa pamusoro inenge ine chiumbwa chegonyonhatu zvakare.
Chikunguru (cylinder kuEnglish) zvinoreva chiumbwa chine uso hutatu; huviri hwakati sambamba, hwechitatu hune mucheko wedenderedzwa. Huso hwechitatu hunobatanidza huviri hwakati sambamba. Chikunguru ndiwo muenzaniso wezhumwi redenderedzwa.
Mucheko (Cross-section) - iri shoko rinoreva uso hunoonekwa kana chiumbwa chine mumhu chachekwa. Chiumbwa chinogona chiri kuchekwa zvichitevedza: mutsetse wakati sambamba nehwaro hwachakagara nacho, mutsetse wakarurama pahwaro, kana mutsetse unoita gonyo ripi zvaro pahwaro.
Nharaunda yeMucheko (Cross-sectional area) - izwi iri rinotaura kukura kweuso hunoonekwa kana zhumwi yachekwa. Muzvinyorwa zviri kutevera tichange tichidzidza pamusoro petsazaniso dzekutsvaka kukura kwakaita nharaunda yeMucheko
Gonyoina sambamba (Parallelogram) - ichi chiumbwa chine mativi mana - mativi maviri akati sambamba anenge akaenzana - uye gonyo mbiri dzinobatanidzwa nedanhamakonyo dzinenge dzakaenzana.
Skweya (Square) iri shoko rinoreva chiumbwa chine mativi mana ose akaenzana negonyo ina dzose dzakaenzana. Skweya iri mubandiko wegonyoina.
Gonyoina tsazamativi (Rhombus) - iri izwi rinoreva gonyoina rine mativi akaenzana nhambwe. gonyo dzemukati dzakatarisana dzinenge dzakaenzana zvakare. Chiumbwa ichi chine madanhamakonyo maviri anochekana negonyo re 90o. Skweya iri pamupanda wegonyoina tsazamativi zvakare.
Gonyoina tsazamakonyo (Rectangle) - iri izwi rapiwa kureva chiumbwa chine makonyo mana ose akaenzana; gonyo rimwe nerimwe riine 90o. Mativi maviri akatarisana anenge akaenzana uye akati sambamba. Skweya rinogona kupinda pamupanda wechiumbwa ichi asi kazhinji tinosarudza kuti skweya rimire roga.
Gonyoina sambambiri (Trapezium, trapezoid) - sokutaura kwezita racho, chiumbwa ichi chine mativi mana; zvakare chine mativi maviri akati sambamba.
Urungano (Sphere) - izwi iri rinoreva chiumbwa chakaurungana kuita bhora. Nokumwe kutaura tinogona kupa zita rokuti chimburungwa.
Charaka (Cone) - iri izwi rinoreva chiumbwa chine uso huviri, humwe huri hwaro hwedenderedzwa hwakati sandarara hwepiri huri uso hunopfirira hwaro kusvika pachisuvi (apex). Nguva zhinji chisuvi chinenge chakaita kururama nepakati pedenderedzwa riri pauso hunova hwaro. Shoko reShona iri rinotodzana necharaka chinowanikwa paduwo rinoteyeswa hove rine kuumbwa kwe cone - hove inopinda nekwakapamhama, yave mukati charaka chakamanika zvokuti hove itadze kubuda.
Denderende (Ellipse) - iri zita rinoreva munyonga uri pamutsendo, unoonekwa panochekwa charaka zvichitevedza mutsendo nenzira inopa munyonga wakavharwa kwese (closed curve). Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutsendo wacho unocheka nenzira yokuti chiumbwa chinosara pachekwa chine munyonga chete pasina mutsetse wakati twasa; mutsendo haucheke hwaro kana chisuvi chiri pacharaka. Muenzaniso wedenderende ndiro boterekwa rinowanikwa Earth iri kupotereta zuva, kamwe pagore.
Dumba (Pyramid)- iri shoko rinotoredzera kubva pachiumbwa chinoonekwa kana tichitema mashanga echigabe nokuamisa kuita matumba. Tiri muchidzidzo Pimanyika kune marudzi ematumba anodanwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nechiumbwa chiri pahwaro hwedumba racho. Sokuti kune: dumba regonyonhanhatu (hexagonal pyramid); kwoita dumba reSkweya (square based pyramid); dumba regonyonhatu (triangular pyramid); dumba regonyoina tsazamakonyo (rectangular pyramid), zvichingodaro.
Akiso (Axis)- uyu mutsetse uri pakati pechiumbwa kana zviumbwa unoshandiswa kufananidza kupimirana kwechiumbwa. Kana chiumbwa chine kupimirana, zvinoreva kuti zviri kumativi maviri emutsetse iwoyu zvinenge zvakaenzanza huremu nekuumbwa.


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Hugadaga
Kana zvinhu zvichinzi zviri Gadaga (State of Balance in English) zvinoreva kuti hazvina kurerekera kana kuwandira kudivi rimwe asi zvakaenzana mativi ari kutariswa. Shoko iri richange richishandiswa muzvinyorwa zviri pano kutaura inonzi Balance kuEnglish.
- Kana musikana akadengezera chirongo chiri pamusoro wake chinenge chiri gadaga nokuti hachisi kudonhedzwa.
- Vaya vanofamba patambo yakasungirwa kumapango maviri vanenge vari kufamba vari gadaga patambo iyoyo. Zvavanoita kuti varambe varipo patambo vasingadonhe kana kurerekera kune rimwe divi kunonzi kugadadza.
- Munhu kana ari kuchovha bhasikoro richifamba risingawe panenge paine hugadaga.
- Ana mabharani vanobata mari kana vachiita mabhuku avo emari vanoda kuti vagume vaine hugadaga hwemari yakapinda neyakabuda - "Accounts must balance".
- Panonyorwa tsazaniso yemuvandu wemishonga panoda kuonekwa paine hugadaga - "chemical equations must be balanced".
- Panopimwa mutumbi pachikero panange pachitsvakwa hugadaga pakati pemutumbi une huremu hunozivikanwa nemumwe usingazivikanwe.
[chinja] Kupiwa kwezita
Panodaro paine rimwe shoko rinotaura "balance" kuChiShona" rapotswa pano. Iri shoko rekuti gadaga ndere chimanjemanje uye ndiro raonekwa riri pedyo kutaura chinonzi "balance". Nokuti pashaiwa shoko rimwe zvinyorwa zviri pano zvichange zvichishandisa shoko rokuti gadaga.
Vechidiki vakakura mumwaka wechikumi cha1970 vaibvunzana hupenyu vachiti "Uri gadaga here? - izvi zvichireva kuti, "Uri bhoo here, zviri right here?". Ikoko kuva bhoo zvinhu zviri "right" zvakamira zvakanaka ndihwo hugadaga kana kuti "balance" iri kutaurwa pano.


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Mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton inotsanangura hukama huripo pakati pefosi dziri kubata mutumbi nekuhamba (motion) kwemutumbi kunokonzerwa nefosi idzi. Kwemazana emakore hukama uhwu hwakataurwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana; Isaac Newton akazonyora mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton inotaura sezvizvi:
- Mutemo wekutanga: Pachinge pasina fosi rokunze rinotsimbira, mitumbi yose inoramba iri pakuzorora, kana pakuhamba kusingachinje kunotevedza gwara rakatwasuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutumbi wakazorora unoramba wakazorora kusvika watekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Zvakare mutumbi uri kuhamba unoramba uri kuhamba nespidhi imwechete uye rudzivo rusingachinje kusvika apo unotekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Uyu mutemo unotaura pamusoro pechinepfu.
- Mitemo wechipiri: Apo mutumbi unohamba, rufangu rwawo a rwunotevedza rudzivo rwakati sambamba nefosi riri kutekenya; rufangu nefosi zvine muzasedimbu wekuteverana uye rufangu nehuremu zvine muzasedimbu wakasunama. Izvi zvinoreva kuti rufangu rwunokwira panokwira fosi uye rufangu rwunodzika panokwira huremu. Mutemo wechipiri uyu unonyorwa netsazaniso inotevera F = m.a
- Mutemo wechitatu: Pane fosi inodhaya yose pane imwe fosi inotsiva ine rudzivo rwakapesana kana kupikisana nefosi inodhaya. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mitumbi miviri ichiita mutsimba wefosi, fosi inodhaya nefosi inotsiva dzine huhombe hwakaenzana asi fosi idzi dzinongedza mativi akapesana.
Mitemo iyi yakadhindwa mubhuku rakabuda mugore 1687.


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Huhombe
Muchidzidzo chemasvomhu, huhombe (Magnitude) izwi rinotaura kukura kwakaita nhamba zvisinei kuti ine vara (-) kana (+) pamberi payo.
[chinja] Kujekesa
- Somuenzaniso, -50 ine huhombe hwakaenzana na +50, nyangwe zvavo nhamba mbiri idzi dzakasiyana pahukuru hwadzo; +50 yakawanda pane -50.
- Kana pachitaurwa zvemari munhu ane $50 ane mari yakawanda pane ane -$50. Munhu ane -$50 anenge atove nechikwereti.
- Hujoto +50oCelsius huri pamusoro pehujoto -50oCelsius.
[chinja] Tsika
Pakutaura kwamauvaose kwechimanje-manje shoko rokuti hombe rinosishandiswa sezvizvi:
- Haa mfana uya ndamu bigga muhombe - apa zvichireva kuti nyangwe ari mfana anokwanisa kuita zvinhu zvikuru, kana kuti mukuru panyembe dzekubasa.
- Sahwira muri vahombe - kureva zvakare kugona kuita zvikuru.


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Hujoto
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, hujoto (temperature) chiyero chinopima kutonhora kana kupisa kuri kuita chiro kana nzvimbo. Hujoto hunodudza kuti chiro chinokwanisa kudziyisa chimwe zvakadii. Sokuti madziya (heat) anoyerera kubva panzvimbo pane hujoto hwe 100oCelsius kuenda kune hujoto hwe 40oCelsius.
[chinja] Zvikero zveHujoto
Celsius ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa munyika zhinji kupima hujoto. Chikero ichi chinoura kuti 0oCelsius inowankwa pahujoto panogwamba mvura - freezing point of water. kana mvura yasvika pahujoto painofashaira inenge yava pa 100oC.
Kelvin ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa zvikurusei kufundoyetsimba; ichi chikero chinoti 0oC = 273,15K. Kuchishandiswa chikero ichi, 0 Kelvins inenge yaenzana ne -273,15K.
Fahrenheit ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa kupima hujoto kunyika yeUSA. Kuchitevedzwa chikero cheFahrenheit, mvura inogwamba pa 32oF ichizofanza pa 212oF. Kushanduka kwemvura uku kunenge kuchipimwa papuresha yemweya (atmospheric pressure) unoita 101.365kPa. Mvura iri pamusoro pegomo refu inokurumidza kufanza kupfuura iri pasi nokuda kwemusiyano wemutsindo wemweya.


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Huropi
Muchidzidzo chezvipenyu, huropi (brain in English) inhengo yemuviri iri mukati mebvupa remusoro kana kuti dehenya. Vamwe vanotaura vachiti hurozvi kana kuti pfungwa.
[chinja] Mabasa eHuropi
- Kufunga kungava zvinhu zvikuru kana zvidiki
- Kuchengeta ndangariro dzezvakaitika
- Kugamuchira zvinotaurwa zvichibva kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri ichibata izvi kuti muviri ushande zvakanaka.
- Kubata mabasa emupfungwa anofambisa zvinhu zvinenge kufema; kufamba; kuwona; kunzwa zvichingodaro.
Munhu akasikwa ane hunzveri (senses) hunoti: kuwona nemaziso; kunzwa nenzeve; kuraidza nerurimi; kunhuwidza nemhuno uye kubata kana kugunzva nenhengo chero ipi yomuviri. Hunzveri hwese uhwu hunoraviwa muhuropi hunowongorora kuti zvabva kune dzimwe nhengo zvinorevei nokupa zano rokuti munhu angaita sei nezviri kunenerwa nedzimwe nhengo dziri dzine hunzveri.


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Nyoka
Nyoka imhuka yesango yakareba isina makumbo inofamba ichi zvongonyoka. Dzimwe nyoka dzine uhuturu huno kwanisa kuuraya munhu uye dzimwe dzaka fanana neshato hadzina kana nehuturu. Vanhu vazhinji vanouraya nyoka kana vakaiona
Nyoka dzinowanikwa muAfrica dzinosanganisira shato, chiva, mhungu, rovambira, nyamafingu,bonga-musakwani, nyarufuru, kangamiti kana kuti karukuni, mhakure,ndara, tsvuku-kuviri nedzimwewo.
[chinja] Tsika
Snake are absouletly amazing and i love them.
- Mwana wenyoka Nzvenzvana.
- Akarohwa senyoka yapinda mumba
- Rega kuyera nyoka negavi iyo iripo


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Thursday, 4 October 2012
PUPIL SENT HOME OVER EXPLICIT T SHIRT
7 comments:
Ndokumagumo kwenyika kwatakatarisa
stupid mother and daughter.instead of reprimanding the child,she is talking about of speech.freedom of speech or xpression has limits. shuwawo here mwana wangu wechisikana woenda kuchikoro ne t/shirt yakanzi "ndinonakidzwa ne mbutu/beche" pedu paMabvuku high,muzvina chikoro woti iye,kwetezveiwe,haungadaro mberi kwevamwe vana pamwe nevarairidzi.ndaakutoenda kuchikoro kunopopota? ko kusheedza pepanhau? idoing here iyi? kana ndimiwo
Parenting is an art not science; forget all the parenting books and follow what is right not to run around supporting a nonsense by a nonsensical child
Ko baba vemwana varipi? Ndivo vega vandingataura navo.
Taurai henyu Shumba naRas,what doing?
.....hahahahaha!...
Why does she want that much attention??? something is wrong with the parents and kid.


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Vakaita sarudzo dzisina kururama dzakavasiya nenyadzi. Mukuedza kuzadzisa nzvimbo yakasiiwa naSusan, mudzimai wavo akashaika.
VaTsvangirai vakatenderedza madzimai, vachisiya mutsara wenyonganyonga.
Vakadzi vose vavakadanana navo vakafumura zvakavandika pamusoro pavo, kunyanya panguva yavange vomhanyira kuchata naElizabeth Macheka.
Vakataura nezvekuvimbiswa kwavo kuroorwa, kuroorwa, nekuita bonde kwavaive vaita nemumwe wavo pasina kuzvidzivirira, kunyangwe paive pasina humbowo hwekunge vaenda kunoongororwa ropa kuitira kuziva kuti ringange riine chirwere cheHIV kana kuti kwete.
Sarudzo dzavo uye maitiro avo ashoropodzwa kwavo nemativi mazhinji.
Vanhu vashora maitiro avo ekukundikana kusarudza mudiwa akanaka.
Vazhinji vavapomera mhosva yekukundikana kutanga vaita tsvakurudzo pamusoro pevakadzi ava, vamwe vavo varatidza kuti vanonyanyoda hupfumi hwavo.
Vari kuongororwa nenyaya yekusarudza nechimbi chimbi nekukundikana kuona zvemberi uye kuti zviito zvavo zvinobata sei ramangwana ravo.
Zvichida, vaTsvangirai kuburikidza nehumbowo hwavaratidzahwekukundikana kuzvibata munyaya dzemadzimai, vazviisa panzvimbo yavangashandiswe nemhandu dzavo neavo vanokwikwidzana navo.
Iye zvino vave kugara nemutoro, Locadia Karimatsenga, uyo wavakabvisira roora asi vakazoramba- muchokwadi chekuti hukama hwake neZanu (PF) nevanoshandira hurumende muchivande haunzwisisike.
Pamutemo, achiri mudzimai wavo uye zvinogona kuitika kuti panguva inotevera, vangangogoverane naye upfumi hwavo kana vakaenderera mberi nekurambana pamutemo.
Tisingavanzirani, vaTsvangirai varatidza kuti havana huchenjeri nehungwaru mumaitiro avo enyaya dzehupenyu hwakavandika uye muimba yekurara. Asi vanokwanisa kudzidza zvakati kuti pamusoro pehupenyu hwavo semunhu anoita zvematongerwo enyika uye nezvechinzvimbo chavo semutungamiriri wehurumende mukukanganisa kwavakaita.
Chekutanga vanofanira kuziva kuti, semutungamiriri mune zvematongerwo enyika, vanofanira kusarudza zvine hungwaru vavanoshanda navo pedyo uye voongorora zvakadzama mazano avo. Hapana kupokana kuti vaTsvangirai, tisingavapupuriri, vari kuripa matadzo evanhu vavanovimba.
Tichitarisa chinzvimbo chavo munyika nezvizhinji zvavanosangana nazvo nekuda kwehurongwa hwebasa ravo, zvinofanira kuva zvakaoma kuti vazvisarudzire pachavo mudiwa wekufambidzana naye. Vanenge vachida kuva vadiwa vavo vanounzwa kwavari nevanhu- munyaya iyi tinoona vanokaringa vazhinji muimba yekubikira, vamwe vacho vari vavanoshanda navo mune zvematongerwo enyika vamwe vafundisi.
Panga paine makundano ekuvatsvagira mudzimai senzira yekutsvaga mutsa kune vangangove mutungamiriri wenyika yeZimbabwe. Zvazviri, panokwanisa kuve paine kupandukirana nekurumira muvhu pane vamwe vavo.
Vanorumira muvhu vakawanda. Vanoseka newe, vochemazve newe asi vachikuendesa nenzira isiriyo kana ukasazvipa nguva yekuvaongorora.
Chechipiri, vaTsvangirai havafaniri kutarisira pasi simba reavo vavanokwikwidzana navo kana revavengi vavo. Panguva yavaitenderedza madzimai, ndine chokwadi chekuti havana kuziva kuti vavanokwikwidzana navo mune zvematongerwo enyika vaizoshandisa kukanganisa kwavo uku mukuvadzikisira. Ndichinyora kudai, vavanokwikwidzana navo muZanu (PF) vari kupemberera.
Varikuudza munhu wose ane chido kuti vaTsvangirai havakwanisi kutonga nyika sezvo vasingakwanisi kufambisa nemazvo nhau dzerudo muhupenyu hwavo. Vari kushandisa kukanganisa kwavo uku mukusimudzira divi ravo, vachisvibisa nzvimbo yavo mune zvematongerwo enyika, uye Locardia akabvuma kushandiswa sezvo akarasiswa pakupedzisira otarisira svitsa.
Zvinonyadzisa sei kuti mushure mekunge vakoka vanoremekedzwa venyika dzakatikomberedza, nevamwe vanoremekedzwa zvikuru mumatunhu kusvitsa yavo
tsvene- iyo yavaitarisira kuti ichafamba zvakanaka- vashoma shoma ndivo vakavakuta nemhaka yemakakatanwa aivepo pamusoro pechiitiko ichi.
Zvirokwazvo, kubudirira kwechikumbiro chaLocadia chekukanzurisa mvumo yavo yekuchata chakavadzikisira mumaziso evamwe vatungamiriri munyika dzemudunhu rekuchamhembe kweAfrica nemativi ose epasi rose. VaPius Ncube vangatenderane neni kuti chinhu chaungaite pekupedzisira kana uchikwikwidzana nevanhu veZanu (PF) kuzvitendera kukanganisa kunyangwe padiki diki.VaNcube vaifanira kungwara kudarika kurara kwavakaita nemudzimai uya, sezvo vaishoropodza zvinotyisa bato re Zanu (PF), vaifanira kuziva kuti ziso revanhu ivava raigarovaongorora.
Chechitatu, vaTsvangirai ngavazive kuti havafaniri kutarisira vanhu pasi.
Ndingave wekutanga kubvuma kuti vakaratidza kusakoshesa uye vakakundikana kuremekedza vanhukadzi mumafambiro avaiita navo.
Hazvitambirike nguva dzose kuti munhurume asangane nemudzimai musi wekutanga, omumitisa nekufunga kuti anogona kungoenderera mberi nehupenyu sezvinonzi hapana zvakaitika. Hazviiti kuti unoroora mudzimai nhasi wofuma mangwanani anotevera uchimupa gupuro nekuti wawana mumwe mudiwa.
Fananidzai madzimai ose adanana navaTsvangirai nevagari vemunyika ino.
Ndiani angaremekedze mutungamiriri wenyika anobata vanhu vake nekunze kweruoko, asingavakoshesi uye pasina ruremekedzo rwezvamunenge mawirirana?
Hapana zvirokwazvo. Nekudaro kunyangwe hupenyu hwerudo hwavaTsvangirai huchifanira kunge hwakavandika, vanofanira kuwana dzidziso kubva kwahuri kana vachida kuva mutungamiriri akanaka.


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Zizi
Zizi (owl in English) ishiri inowanikwa kuzviwumbe zvose kunze kweAntarctica; zizi rinowanikwa mumarudzi mazana maviri (200). Zizi rinoverengwa sechikara chinodya dzimwe mhuka. Mazizi anodya tupembenene; dzimwe shiri uye mhuka ndiki dzepamupanda wedzinoyamwisa. Zizi kazhinji rinogara rega uye rinofamba husiku.
[chinja] Chimiro cheZizi
Mazizi ane maziso mahombe ari pamaberi pechiso kwete kumativi emusoro sedzimwe shiri dzinovhima. Maziso ezizi hakafamba saka rinofanira kutenderedza musoro wese kana roda kuona nerumwe rudzivo. Zizi rinozivikanwa nokugona kumonyorora mutsipa negonya rinokwana kusvika 270o kurudyi nekuruboshwe.
Zizi rine maziso anoona zviri kure asi harikwanise kunatsa kuoona zviri pedyo macentimteres mashoma kubava pariri. Saka kana rodya rinoshandisa mukushe ari pamuromo waro kutsvaka kuti chikafu chariri kudya chiri papi chamira sei. Asi maziso aro anowona kure anobatsira zvakanyanya parinovhima husiku.
[chinja] Tsumo
- Zizi kurungwa munyu roti, "Ndava hukuwo"


text:
Huduma
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, huduma (density) izwi rinoreva huremu huchipimwa paumwe hwemumhu hwechiumbwa chiri kutaurwa nezvacho. Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine huduma hwakasiyana. Iko kusiyana kwehuduma kunoita kuti zvimwe zvinhu zviyangarare pamusoro pemvura zvimwe zvichinyura. Somuenzaniso, mvura nematombo zvine huduma hwakasiyana; mvura ine huduma hwe 1 gram/cubic metre, matombo ane huduma hungaita 2.5-5.5 gram/cubic metre.
Iri zita rapiwa richitoredzera pashoko rokuti guduma, rinove sango rine miti yakabatana zvakanyanya. Zvakanaka kuti tinge tichimutsurudza mazwi asingashandiswe mazuva ose tichiashandisa kutaura zvinhu zvatinowona mazuvano zvinoda kufanana nezvaireva mazwi aya kare.


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Tsika yekurava nhamba
Tsika yekurava nhamba (numeral system in English) zvinoreva mitowo unoshandiswa pamanyorerwo nemaverengerwo anoitwa nhamba kuti dzive dzakarongeka dzinonzwisiswa nevanhu vose vanoda kudzishandisa. Tsika inoshandiswa kunyora nekuverenga nhamba inotevedza nzira yatingati muravanegumi (decimal system). Izvi zvinoreva kuti nzira yokuverenga inoshandisa gumi sehwaro yoramba ichiwumba huwandu zvichienderana nemakumi. Nhamba dzose dzinoverengwa dzichifananidzwa negumi kana kuti zvitsama zvegumi sezvizvi:
- Kana pachiverengwa, nhamba inotevera gumi (10) inozova gumi nerimwe (11), kwouya gumi nembiri (12), gumi nenhatu (13), gumi nemana (14), zvichingodaro.
- Zvimwechetezvo kana pakwana makumi maviri (20) kunenge kwotevera, makumi maviri nerimwe (21), makumi maviri nembiri (22), makumi maviri nenhatu, zvichingoenda zvakadaro.


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Ŝona lingvo
La ŝona lingvo estas la lingvo de la Niĝero-Konga Grupo, bantua subgrupo parolata en Zimbabvo (kies ĉefa lingvo ĝi estas : 7,5 mln), Mozambiko (ĉ. 1 mln), Bocvano kaj Sud-Afriko. Totala kvanto: 8,68 mln (1992).
[redakti] Ekzemplo
Traduko de la deklaro de UEA okaze de la tago de libroj, 23-a de aprilo far Oliver Mazodze, aktiva esperantisto el Harareo.
Mashoko eve Universal Esperanto Association (UEA) pamapembero epasi rese ezuva rezvinyorwa:
Sangano repasi rese rakamirira vanhu vanotaura mutauro we Esperanto, re Universal Esperanto Association, UEA, rinozvibatanidza kumapembero epasi rese okucherechedza zuva rezvinyorwa (International Book Day), iro rinova musi wa 23 April. Mapemberero aya, anotungamirirwa nesangano repasi rese rinoona nezve fundo, ruzivo netsika, re UNESCO, anoitwa akanangana nekukurudzira kuverengwa, kunyorwa nekuburitswa kwezvinyorwa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzevanyori.
Isu ve Universal Esperanto Association tinotambira zvizere mashoko omutungamiri mukuru weUNESCO, va Koichiro Matsuura, avakataura pamapembero ezuva rezvinyorwa egore rakapera, apo vakati, "Zvinyorwa ndiyo nzira yakakosha yokuwana nayo ruzivo rwezve uchenjeri, hunhu, runako, nepfungwa dzevanhu. Semidziyo inotakura mashoko ne dzidziso, zvinyorwa inzira yekuti marudzi ese evanhu akwanise kuburitsa pachena tsika nemafungire awo, uye kuona zvinocherechedzesa mamwewo marudzi. Semafasitera anotendera kuona musiyano wetsika dzemarudzi evanhu akasiyana, uye semabhiriji pakati pemarudzi akasiyana, munguva nemunzvimbo, zvinyorwa zvinova zvitubu zvehurukuro, midziyo yekupanana nayo mazano, uye zvitubu zvebudiriro."
Kwemakore anokwana zana, mubatanidzwa wepasi rese wevanhu vanotaura Esperanto wakakwanisa kurarama zvichiburikidza nezvinyorwa zvawo, kutangisisa nechibhuku chidiki chaidzidzisa mutauro uyu chakabuda mugore ra 1887, kusvika kumakumi ezvuru emabhuku ava kubuda mazuva ano akanyorwa nemutauro uyu, achitaura nezvakasiyanasiyana, uye achiburitswa munyika dzese dzepasi. Kuvatauri veEsperanto, avo vanogara munzvimbo dzakasiyanasiyana uye vakaparadzana, zvinyorwa zvakava nebasa rokuvabatanidza. Nhasi uno zvinofadza zvikuru kuona kuti vatauri veEsperanto vava kushandisawo tsika dzamazuva ano dzokudhinda nekubudisa mabhuku.


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Chidembo
Chidembo (skunk or polecat in English) imhuka yemusango iri pamupanda wemhuka dzinoyamwisa. Chidembo chinozivikanwa nekutsatsadzira mutuvi une hwema hunonhuwa samare.
[chinja] Chimiro cheChidembo
Zvidembo zvinokura kureba 40-90cm kubva kumusoro kusvika kubesu zvichiita huremu hunokwana 0.5-8.9kg. Zvidembo zvinosiyana siyana ruvara rweganda zvichienderana nerudzi rwechidembo chacho. MuZimbabwe munonyanya kuwanikwa zvidembo zvine black ne white; kunoitawo zvidembo zvine brown ne cream.
[chinja] Kudya kweChidembo
Chidembo chinodya mhuka zvose nemichero, chinodya zvakasiyana zvichienderana nokuti mwaka uri papi. Chidembo chinodya: madzvinyu; mbeva; matatya; nyoka; shiri; nhuta nemazai. Chinodyawo michero yemusango; hohwa; uswa; mashizha nemidzi.
Zvidembo zvinogona kuronda hwema nekunzwa zvakanyanya asi hazvinatsowona. Chidembo chinonetseka kuona zviri 3m kubva pachiri; izvi zvinokonzera kuti zvidembo zvive zvinorohwa zvakanyanya pamugwagwa. Zvidembo hazvirarame kwenguva yakareba; chikamu chinorarama makore anodarika matatu (3) chiri pasi pe 10%.
[chinja] Kuberekana
Zvidembo zvinotsvetsvana munguva yechirimo; mukono mumwe unokwanisa kutanda nekushumira nzvari dzakawanda. Nzvari yechidembo inotakura pamuviri kwemazuva 66 ichizvara vana 4-7. vana vechidembo vanozvarwa vasinganzvi uye vasingaone. Vanozotanga kuona mushure mevhiki nhatu. Vana vechidembo vanorumurwa vave nemwedzi miviri (2) yokuzvarwa, vochizogara namai vacho kana vave kutsvaka kuzvarawo. Chidembo chinotanga kubereka chave negore rimwe.
[chinja] Kumwaya Zvinonhuhwa
Chidembo chinozivikanwa kunyanya nenhau yokumwaya hwema hunonhuwa hunobva mutsatsadzi dziri kushure. Chidembo chinoshandisa mutuvi uyu unonhuwa senzira yokudzinya zvikara zvingada kuchidya. Chine tsatsadzi mbiri dzinomwaya munhuwi uyu; tsatsadzi idzi dziri kumativi maviri emukosho.
[chinja] Tsika
Kune kutaura kunoti "Tivhiye chidembo" - zvichireva kuti ngatiitaurei nhau yacho yakarema kana inonyadzisa pakare pano.