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Muchaneta Chimuka —
VANA vechikoro vanoti vanofara zvikuru nekudzokera kunodzidza temu yechipiri uye vachashanda nesimba kuti vagobudirira. Nemusi weMuvhuro neChipiri svondo rino, Kwayedza yakaita hurukuro nevana vekumabhodhingi akasiyana muguta reHarare avo vakange vodzokera kuzvikoro.
Zvikoro zvakavhurwa nemusi weChipiri.
Vamwe vevana ava vaive kuzviteshi zvemabhazi sekuna Simon Vengai Muzenda (Fourth Street) rank nekuRotten Row uko vaimirira mabhazi ekuvaendesa kuzvikoro zvavo.
Vabereki ndivo vaionekwa vachiendawo kumabhanga kunobhadhara mari dzechikoro.
Vamwe vevana vakayaurwa navo vanoti vanofara kudzokera kuchikoro.
Joshua Kanyenze (13) pamwe nehanzvadzi yake, Nyasha Kanyenze (14) – avo vanodzidza paSt Mathias Tsonzo, kwaMutare, vanoti vanofara kudzokera kuchikoro mushure mezororo.
“Isu takamirira bhazi rekuchikoro kwedu asi tinofara kuti tave kudzokera kuchikoro nekuti kungogara kumba kunopedzisira kwava kubhowa. Temu ino tinoda kunodzidza nesimba kuitira kuti tigobudirira muzvidzidzo zvedu. Takatotangisa kuita zvidzidzo zviri muchirongwa chekuvandudza fundo, cheNew Curriculum, uye chiri kutifambira zvikuru nekuti varairidzi vedu vakadzidziswa nezvacho,” anodaro Joshua uyo ari kuita Form 1.
Nyasha, uyo ari kuita Form 2, anoti havasati vatanga kudzidza nezveNew Curriculum asi anofara zvikuru kuti pachikoro pavo pane midziyo yese inoshandiswa mufundo yakadai seraiburari, makombiyuta, zvimbuzi zvakakwana nezvimwe.
Nyasha Kwashi (14) ari kuita Form 2 paRuya Adventist High, kuMt Darwin, anoti anonzwa manyuku-nyuku nekudzokera kuchikoro asi anoona kuti pane zvimwe zvinoda kugadziriswa munyaya dzedzidzo, zvikuru akatarisana nechikoro chavo.
“Pachikoro chedu ndinoona zvakakosha kuti pave neraiburari ine mabhuku akakwana, makombiyuta uye nyanzvi dzinoona nezvekupangwa kwemazano kuvana. Ndinodaro nekuti vana vechikoro vanokundikana kubudirira mudzidzo yavo nekuda kwekushaya vapangi vemazano sezvo kune vamwe vanoshaya vanovabhadharira mari dzechikoro uye nevanenge vari kurarama neutachiona hweHIV vanoda kutsigirwa zvakanyanya kuti vabudirire mudzidzo yavo,” anodaro.
Tafadzwa Mamvura (16) ari kuita Form 3 pachikoro chimwe chete ichi anoti muzvikoro munofanira kuvewo nezviitiko zvinovatandadza kuitira kuti vafurwe nemhepo kwete kungoita zvemabhuku chete.
“Hongu, chikoro tinochida asi tinodawo kuwana mukana wekutandadzwa kuti tasazofunga kuti kudzidza kunorwadza,” anodaro.
Zvakadai, vamwe vemabhizimisi akadai sevematekisi nevanogera misoro vakawana mikana yekuita mari pamazuva aya.
Vematekisi vaionekwa vachitakura vana nevabereki nemikwende yavo vachivaendesa kuzviteshi zvemabhazi akasiyana muHarare.
Kuchizoti kumabhanga, raive besanwa apo vabereki vakange vakazara vachida kubhadhara mari dzechikoro.


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Chinangwa chaJehovha Chichazadzika!
“Ndakazvitaura; ndichazviunzawo. [Zvandakaronga], ndichazviitawo.”
1, 2. (a) Jehovha akaita kuti tizive chii? (b) Ivimbiso ipi yatinowana pana Isaya 46:10, 11 uye 55:11?
MASHOKO ekutanga eBhaibheri mashoma asi anoreva zvakawanda. Anoti: “Pakutanga Mwari akasika matenga nenyika.” (Gen. 1:1) Tinongoona zvinhu zvishomanana pazvinhu zvakawanda zvakasikwa naMwari uye tinongonzwisisa zvishomanana nezvezvinhu zvakadai sechiedza nesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi (gravity). (Mup. 3:11) Kunyange zvakadaro, Jehovha akaita kuti tizive chinangwa chaakasikira nyika nevanhu. Nyika yakasikwa kuti ive musha wakanaka wevanhu vakasikwa nemufananidzo waMwari. (Gen. 1:26) Vaizova vana vaJehovha uye iye aizova Baba vavo.
2 Sezvinotsanangurwa muchitsauko 3 chaGenesisi, pane zvakambovhiringidza chinangwa chaJehovha. (Gen. 3:1-7) Asi chinangwa ichocho hachina kuvhiringidzwa zvachose. Hapana anogona kutadzisa Jehovha kuita zvaakaronga. (Isa. 46:10, 11; 55:11) Saka tinogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti chinangwa chaJehovha chichazadzika panguva chaiyo yaakaronga.
3. (a) Ndechipi chokwadi chinotibatsira kunzwisisa mashoko eBhaibheri? (b) Nei tiri kukurukura chokwadi ichi parizvino? (c) Mibvunzo ipi yatichakurukura?
3 Tinoziva chokwadi cheBhaibheri nezvechinangwa chaMwari chaakasikira nyika nevanhu uye kuti basa rinokosha raJesu nderei pakuita kuti chinangwa ichocho chizadzike. Chokwadi ichi chinokosha chaizvo uye chinogona kunge chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvatakatanga kudzidza patakatanga kudzidza Shoko raMwari. Isuwo tinoda kubatsira vanhu vanoda chokwadi kuti vazive dzidziso idzi dzinokosha. Panguva ino yatiri kudzidza nyaya iyi seungano, tiri kuedza kukoka vanhu vakawanda kuti vauye kuChirangaridzo cherufu rwaKristu. (Ruka 22:19, 20) Vaya vachauya vachadzidza zvakawanda nezvechinangwa chaMwari. Saka sezvo kwasara mazuva mashoma kuti Chirangaridzo chiitwe, zvakanaka kuti tifunge nezvemibvunzo yatingashandisa kuti tikurudzire vatinodzidza navo Bhaibheri nevamwewo vanoda chokwadi kuti vade kuuyawo. Tichaongorora mibvunzo iyi mitatu: Chinangwa chaMwari chaakasikira nyika nevanhu ndechei? Chinangwa chaMwari chakavhiringidzwa sei? Uye nei chibayiro cherudzikinuro chaJesu chiri icho chinovhura nzira yekuti chinangwa chaMwari chizadzike?
CHINANGWA CHEMUSIKI CHAIVA CHEI?
4. Zvisikwa zvinozivisa sei kubwinya kwaJehovha?
4 Jehovha Musiki anoshamisa chaizvo. Zvinhu zvose zvaakasika zvakanaka uye ndezvemhando yepamusoro. (Gen. 1:31; Jer. 10:12) Tingadzidzei pakunaka uye kurongeka kwatinoona pazvinhu zvakasikwa? Patinotarisa zvinhu zvakasikwa naJehovha, zvingava zvikuru kana zvidiki, tinoyemura kubatsira kwazvinoita. Tinoshamiswa nemagadzirirwo akaitwa masero emuviri wemunhu, nezvakaita kacheche kachangoberekwa, kana kuti nekuyevedza kunoita zuva kana rava kunyura. Tinoyemura zvinhu izvi nekuti takasikwa tichikwanisa kuziva zvinhu zvakanaka.
5. Jehovha akaita sei kuti zvisikwa zvake zvose zvishande pamwe chete zvakanaka?
5 Jehovha akaisa mitemo inodzora zvisikwa zvake zvose kuti zvishande pamwe chete zvakanaka. (Pis. 19:7-9) Saka zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa zvine nzvimbo yazvo uye zvinoshanda maererano nebasa razvo muchinangwa chaMwari. Jehovha akaisa mitemo yekuti zvisikwa zvake zvinofanira kushanda sei pamwe chete. Semuenzaniso, mutemo wegravity unoita kuti mhepo yakapoteredza nyika irambe iri munzvimbo yayo, unodzora mvura yemumakungwa uye unobatsira kuti zvinhu zvirambe zvakarongeka kuti panyika pararamike. Zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa, kusanganisira vanhu, zvinodzorwa nemitemo iyi. Zviri pachena kuti kurongeka kwakaita zvinhu zvakasikwa kunoratidza kuti Mwari ane chinangwa chaakasikira nyika nevanhu. Patinenge tiri muushumiri, ngatibatsirei vanhu kuti vazive Musiki wezvinhu izvi zvinoshamisa.
6, 7. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvipo zvakapiwa Adhamu naEvha?
6 Chinangwa chaJehovha chaiva chekuti vanhu vararame nekusingaperi pasi pano. (Gen. 1:28; Pis. 37:29) Akapa Adhamu naEvha zvipo zvakawanda zvinokosha zvaiita kuti vanakidzwe neupenyu. (Verenga Jakobho 1:17.) Jehovha akavasika vaine rusununguko rwekusarudza, vachikwanisa kufunga, kuratidza rudo uye kushamwaridzana nevamwe. Musiki akataura naAdhamu ndokumuudza zvaaifanira kuita nezvaaisafanira kuita. Adhamu akadzidza kuzviriritira, kuchengeta mhuka uye kurima. (Gen. 2:15-17, 19, 20) Jehovha akasikawo Adhamu naEvha vachikwanisa kuravidza, kubata, kuona, kunzwa uye kunhuwidza. Izvi zvaiita kuti vakwanise kunakidzwa nezvinhu zvakanaka zvavaiva nazvo muParadhiso yavaigara. Adhamu naEvha vakanga vaine basa rakawanda rinogutsa uye vaikwanisa kuramba vachiona uye vachidzidza zvinhu zvitsva nekusingaperi.
7 Chii chimwe chaibatanidzwa pachinangwa chaMwari? Jehovha akasika Adhamu naEvha vachikwanisa kubereka vana vasina chivi. Mwari aida kuti vanhu varambe vachiberekana kusvikira vazadza nyika yose. Aida kuti Adhamu naEvha nevabereki vose vaizovapo vade vana vavo sekuda kwaiita Jehovha vana vake vekutanga. Jehovha akapa vanhu nyika nezvinhu zvose zvinokosha uye zvakanaka zviri mairi. Vaizofanira kugara panyika nekusingaperi.
CHII CHAKAVHIRINGIDZA CHINANGWA CHAMWARI?
8. Nei Jehovha akapa Adhamu naEvha mutemo uri pana Genesisi 2:16, 17?
8 Pasina nguva, chinangwa chaMwari chakabva chavhiringidzika. Chii chakaitika? Jehovha akapa Adhamu naEvha mutemo usina kuoma waizoratidza kuti vaiziva here paigumira rusununguko rwavo. Akati: “Ungadya miti yose yomunda kusvikira waguta. Asi usadya muti wokuziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa, nokuti nezuva raunoudya chokwadi uchafa.” (Gen. 2:16, 17) Zvakanga zvisina kuoma kuti Adhamu naEvha vanzwisise mutemo uyu. Uye zvakanga zvisina kuoma kuuteerera nekuti vaiva nezvimwe zvekudya zvakawanda zvekuti vaisambozvipedza.
9, 10. (a) Satani akapomera Jehovha kutii? (b) Adhamu naEvha vakasarudzei? (Ona mufananidzo uri panotangira nyaya ino.)
9 Achishandisa nyoka, Satani Dhiyabhorosi akanyengedza Evha kuti asateerere Baba vake, Jehovha. (Verenga Genesisi 3:1-5; Zvak. 12:9) Satani akashandisa nyaya yekuti vanhu vaisabvumirwa kudya “miti yose yomumunda.” Zvaiita sekuti aiti: ‘Saka hamugoni kuita zvamunoda?’ Akabva anyepa zviri pachena achiti: “Chokwadi hamungafi.” Zvadaro, akaedza kuita kuti Evha aone sekuti aisafanira hake kuteerera Mwari. Akati: “Mwari anoziva kuti zuva ramuchaudya, maziso enyu achasvinudzwa.” Satani aireva kuti Mwari aisada kuti vadye muchero wacho nekuti waizoita kuti vavhurike maziso. Satani akabva amupa vimbiso yenhema achiti: “Muchava vakafanana naMwari, muchiziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa.”
10 Saka Adhamu naEvha vaifanira kusarudza zvekuita. Vaizoita zvakataurwa naJehovha here kana kuti vaizoteerera nyoka? Havana kusarudza kuita zvakataurwa naMwari. Izvi zvakaita kuti vabatane naSatani pakupandukira Mwari. Vakaramba kuti Jehovha ave Baba vavo uye vakaramba kutongwa naye, saka akanga asingachavadzivirire.
11. Nei Jehovha asingangosiyi vanhu vachipanduka?
11 Pavakapandukira Jehovha, Adhamu naEvha vakabva vava nechivi. Kupanduka kwavakaita kwakavaparadzanisa naJehovha nekuti ‘maziso ake akachena zvokuti haangatarisi zvakaipa.’ Saka Jehovha haangosiyi zvakaipa zvichiramba zvichiita. (Hab. 1:13) Kudai asina zvaakaita nekupanduka kwaAdhamu naEvha, zvisikwa zvose, zvekudenga nezvepanyika, zvaisazova nerugare uye zvaisazobatana. Uye dai Jehovha asina zvaakaita nechivi chakaitwa muEdheni, zvisikwa zvake zvaigona kusavimba naye. Asi Jehovha anoita zvinoenderana nemitemo yake, haambofi akaityora. (Pis. 119:142) Saka kupiwa kwakaitwa Adhamu naEvha rusununguko rwekusarudza kwakanga kusingarevi kuti vaikwanisa havo kutyora mutemo waMwari. Nemhaka yekupandukira kwavakaita Jehovha, vakafa uye vakadzokera kuvhu ravakanga vatorwa kwariri.
12. Chii chakaitika kuvana vaAdhamu?
12 Adhamu naEvha pavakadya muchero wacho, Jehovha haana kuzovagamuchira sevamwe vemumhuri yake. Mwari akavadzinga muEdheni, uye vakanga vasina tariro yekudzoka imomo. (Gen. 3:23, 24) Paakavadzinga, Jehovha akanga achiita kuti vaone magumisiro ezvavakanga vasarudza. (Verenga Dheuteronomio 32:4, 5.) Sezvo Adhamu naEvha vakanga vava nechivi, vakanga vasisakwanise kuratidza unhu hwaMwari zvakazara. Adhamu akarasikirwa neramangwana rake uyewo akaita kuti vana vake vave nechivi uye vafe. (VaR. 5:12) Akaita kuti vana vake vasava netariro yekurarama nekusingaperi. Adhamu naEvha vakanga vasingachakwanisi kubereka mwana asina chivi uye vana vavo vaizongoberekawo vana vane chivi. Kubvira paakangotsausa Adhamu naEvha, Satani Dhiyabhorosi ari kuenderera mberi nekutsausa vanhu.
RUDZIKINURO RUNOITA KUTI TIVE NEUSHAMWARI NAJEHOVHA
13. Jehovha anoda kuti vanhu vave nechii?
13 Asi Mwari akanga achiri kuda vanhu. Pasinei nekupanduka kwakaita Adhamu naEvha, Jehovha anoda kuti vanhu vave neushamwari hwepedyo naye. Hapana waanoda kuti afe. (2 Pet. 3:9) Saka Adhamu naEvha pavakangopanduka, Mwari akabva aita urongwa hwekuti vanhu vakwanise kuvazve neushamwari naye asi akazviita asingatyori mitemo yake yakarurama. Akazviita sei?
14. (a) Maererano naJohani 3:16, Jehovha akaitei kuti anunure vanhu pachivi nerufu? (b) Mubvunzo upi watingakurukura nevaya vanofarira chokwadi?
14 Verenga Johani 3:16. Vakawanda vatiri kukoka kuChirangaridzo vanotoziva rugwaro urwu nemusoro. Asi mubvunzo ndewekuti: Chibayiro chaJesu chinoita sei kuti pave neupenyu husingaperi? Mushandirapamwe wekukoka vanhu kuChirangaridzo, icho Chirangaridzo chacho uye kushanyira kwatichaita vanhu vanenge vapinda Chirangaridzo zvinogona kutipa mukana wekubatsira vanhu vari kutsvaga chokwadi kuti vanzwisise mhinduro yemubvunzo iwoyo unokosha. Vanhu vakadaro vanogona kufara pavanotanga kunyatsonzwisisa kuti Jehovha akaratidza kuti ane rudo neuchenjeri paakatipa rudzikinuro. Ndezvipi zvatingavaudza nezverudzikinuro?
15. Jesu akanga akasiyana sei naAdhamu?
15 Jehovha akatipa munhu asina chivi aigona kupa upenyu hwake serudzikinuro. Munhu iyeye aifanira kuva akavimbika kuna Jehovha uye aifanira kuva nechido chekufira vanhu. (VaR. 5:17-19) Jehovha akaita kuti chisikwa chake chekutanga chibve kudenga choberekwa panyika semunhu. (Joh. 1:14) Saka Jesu akava munhu asina chivi sezvaimbova zvakaita Adhamu. Asi kusiyana naAdhamu, Jesu akaita zvaitarisirwa naJehovha kumunhu asina chivi. Kunyange mumiedzo yakakura chaizvo, Jesu haana kumbobvira aita chivi kana kutyora mutemo mumwe chete waMwari.
16. Nei rudzikinuro chiri chipo chinokosha chaizvo?
16 Jesu aikwanisa kuponesa vanhu pachivi nerufu kuburikidza nekuvafira nekuti akanga asina chivi. Jesu aiva zvose zvaifanira kunge zvakaita Adhamu. Akanga asina chivi, aiita zvaidiwa naMwari uye akanga akanyatsovimbika kwaari. (1 Tim. 2:6) Jesu akava chibayiro cherudzikinuro chakavhurira ‘vazhinji’ nzira inoenda kuupenyu husingaperi. (Mat. 20:28) Saka rudzikinuro ndirwo runovhura nzira inoita kuti chinangwa chaMwari chizadzike. (2 VaK. 1:19, 20) Rudzikinuro runoita kuti vanhu vose vakatendeka vave netariro yeupenyu husingaperi.
JEHOVHA AKATIVHURIRA NZIRA YEKUTI TIDZOKERE KWAARI
17. Rudzikinuro runotibatsira sei?
17 Jehovha akatidzikinura achishandisa chipo chinokosha zvikuru. (1 Pet. 1:19) Anokoshesa vanhu zvikuru zvekuti akapa Mwanakomana wake akaberekwa ari mumwe oga kuti atifire. (1 Joh. 4:9, 10) Tinogona kuti Jesu akatora nzvimbo yababa vedu vekutanga, Adhamu. (1 VaK. 15:45) Nekuita izvi, Jesu anoita kuti tiwane upenyu uyewo anotipa mukana wekuzodzoka mumhuri yaMwari. Pachishandiswa chibayiro chaJesu, Jehovha anogona kugamuchira vanhu kuti vave mumhuri yake asi asingaiti zvinopesana nekururama kwake. Zvinotifadza zvikuru patinofunga kuti vanhu vose vakatendeka vachange vasisina chivi. Chikamu chekudenga chemhuri yaMwari nechepanyika zvichanyatsobatana. Tese tichava vana vaMwari.
18. Jehovha achava “zvinhu zvose kuvanhu vose” riini?
18 Kupanduka kwaSatani hakuna kuita kuti Jehovha arege kuda vanhu, uye hakutadzisi vanhu vane chivi kuti vave vakavimbika kuna Jehovha. Kuburikidza nerudzikinuro, Jehovha achabatsira vana vake vose kuti vanyatsova vanhu vakarurama. Fungidzira kuti upenyu huchange hwakaita sei munhu wese “[anobvuma] Mwanakomana otenda maari” paachava neupenyu husingaperi. (Joh. 6:40) Baba vedu vane rudo neuchenjeri, Jehovha, vachazadzisa chinangwa chavo uye vachabatsira vanhu kuti vasave nechivi. Baba vedu Jehovha, vachabva vava “zvinhu zvose kuvanhu vose.”
19. (a) Kuonga kwatinoita rudzikinuro kunofanira kuita kuti tiitei? (Ona bhokisi rakanzi “ Ngatirambe Tichitsvaga Vakakodzera.”) (b) Tichakurukurei nezverudzikinuro munyaya inotevera?
19 Kuonga kwatinoita rudzikinuro kunofanira kuita kuti tiite zvose zvatinogona kuti tizivise vamwe kuti vanogona kubatsirwa nechipo ichi chinokosha chaizvo. Vanhu vanofanira kuziva kuti rudzikinuro ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa naJehovha kuti vanhu vave netariro yeupenyu husingaperi. Uyewo rudzikinuro rune zvakawanda zvarwakaita. Nyaya inotevera ichataura kuti chibayiro chaJesu chinogadzirisa sei dzimwe nyaya dzakamutswa naSatani mumunda weEdheni.

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ICHOKWADI kuti kwatakabva mitunhu chaiyo. Kuti zvino titevedzere mwanza watakafamba nawo zvotoda tichiziva zvakakwana nerudzi rwedu. Zvino kuziva mbuya huudzwaknha nekudaro tikaziva zvidawo zvedu namadzinza acho tinogona kupa hochekoche yemwanza watakafamba nawo kusvika pari zvino.
Chikamu chapfuura ndakabata mitupo yakanga ine mipatsa mikuru yakafanana nanaShava, Moyo neShumba. Zvino tinorusimudzira tichitarisa mimwe mitupo yakasara.
Vaera dziva vanowanikwa vachipinda mumipatsa inokwana mitatu kana kudarika. Kune vaera dziva vane chidawo chekuti Mapira. Vana Mapira ava ndeve dzinza reSave. Vanopatsanurana nedziva yechidawo cheMunhobvu wamambo. Ndivo vedzinza raNyika. Havagumiri ipapa vana dziva nekuti kune vamwewo vanozviti ndeve dzinza raSave asi chidawo chiri cheMuzivikanwi.
Tinowana vamwe vane mitupo isina mipatsa mizhinji sevaera mhara. Ava vane chidawo chimwe chete cheChikonamombe asi kuti vamwe ndeve dzinza reveRomo vamwewo vari veMashayamombe.
Musiyano unozongouya kuti pazvidawo veMashayamombe vanozowedzera pana Chikonamombe vachiti Mbuya zvodaidzwa kunzi Mbuya Chikonamombe.
Vaera mbeva vanewo mipatsa miviri chete kubudikidza nemadzinza uye zvidawo zvavo. Vamwe vaera mbeva ndeve chidawo cheMhizha vari vedzinza reChigumbura kozoti vamwe vacho iNengomashi vari vedzinza reVabari.
Vana Gumbo havana mupatsa. Vanongova ivo vega nechidawo chavo cheMadyirapanze Sambiri ivo vari vedzinza raGutu. Vana Humba zvakare vangori vega vaine chidawo cheHonde Nyakupfuya. Dzinza ravo iMakombe.
Mumwe mutupo unozvimirira uri wega ndewevaera mbizi kana Dhuve. Ava ndevedzinza raChirumanzi vachidaidzwa nechidawo cheMupahami.
Kune vaera ngoma avo vanodada nedzinza ravo raMupezeni ivo vari vechidawo cheYangoma.
Ava vanhu vashoma uye havana kutekeshera nenyika. Ndizvo zvimwe chetezvo nevaera manzi. Vaera manzi ndivo vechidawo cheChivaviri vari vedzinza raBepura.
Vaera ngoma nevaera ngonya zvakatosiyana pakuti vaera ngonya ndivo vechidawo cheGushungo vari vedzidza raZvimba. Vakazvimirira vari vega sevaera Nhari vari vechidawo cheUnendoro. Ava ndevedzinza raNyandoro.
Kune vamwewo vane chidawo cheMwendamberi asi vasingaeri shava vachiera nondo vari vedzinza raChirau. Vana Soko vane mipatsa yavo miviri inozivikanwa. Kunana Soko Murehwa vachidada nechidawo cheMurehwa.
Ndivo vana Soko vedzinza reVashawasha. Ndivo vanopatsanurana nana Soko (Shoko) vechidawo cheKumene dzinza ravo riri Mudzimurema.
Kunana Tembo vechidawo cheMazvimbakupa asi dzinza ravo riri raChihota. Tinana Tembo zvakare vari veSamaita. Tembo iyi ndeye dzinza raMutasa. Haigumiri ipapo tembo iyoyo. Kunoita imwe Tembo yeWakapiwa. Ndivo vana Tembo vedzinza raBenhura.
Kunewo vaera gwai vedzinza raGora. Chidawo chavo ndecheMuparadzwa. Kunewo mumwe mutupo wakati vanzikei. Mutupo uyu une vanhu vedzinza raSerima asi vaine chidawo cheMukumbiri. Vana Mukumbiri ava vanoera tsiwo.


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MASHOKO OKUWEDZERA
Chokwadi Pamusoro paBaba, Mwanakomana, uye Mudzimu Mutsvene
VANHU vanodavira dzidziso yoUtatu vanoti Mwari vanhu vatatu—Baba, Mwanakomana uye Mudzimu Mutsvene. Mumwe nomumwe wevanhu vatatu ava anonzi akaenzana nevamwe vacho, ane masimba ose uye haana paakatangira. Saka, maererano nedzidziso yoUtatu, Baba ndiMwari, Mwanakomana ndiMwari, uye Mudzimu Mutsvene ndiMwari, asi pachingova naMwari mumwe chete.
Vakawanda vanodavira Utatu vanobvuma kuti havagoni kutsanangura dzidziso iyi. Asi, vangafunga kuti inodzidziswa muBhaibheri. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti shoko rokuti “Utatu” harimbowaniki muBhaibheri. Asi pfungwa yoUtatu inowanika imomo here? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, ngationei rugwaro runowanzotaurwa nevanhu vanotsigira Utatu.
“SHOKO RAKANGA RIRI MWARI”
Johani 1:1 inoti: “Pakutanga Shoko rakanga riripo, Shoko rakanga riri kuna Mwari, Shoko rakanga riri Mwari.” (Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona) Gare gare muchitsauko ichocho, muapostora Johani anoratidza pachena kuti “Shoko” ndiJesu. (Johani 1:14) Zvisinei, Shoko zvarinonzi Mwari, vamwe vanofunga kuti Mwanakomana naBaba vanofanira kuva chikamu chaMwari mumwe chete.
Yeuka kuti ndima iyi yeBhaibheri pakutanga yakanyorwa nechiGiriki. Gare gare, vashanduri vakashandura rugwaro rwacho rwechiGiriki vachiruisa mune mimwe mitauro. Zvisinei, vashanduri veBhaibheri vanoverengeka havana kushandisa mashoko okuti “Shoko rakanga riri Mwari.” Nei? Vachitorera paruzivo rwavo rwechiGiriki chakashandiswa pakunyora Bhaibheri, vashanduri ivavo vakafunga kuti mashoko okuti “Shoko rakanga riri Mwari” anofanira kushandurwa zvakasiyana. Sei? Heino mienzaniso mishomanana: “Logos [Shoko] raiva nechokuita naMwari.” (A New Translation of the Bible) “Shoko raiva mwari.” (The New Testament in an Improved Version) “Shoko rakanga riina Mwari uye rakaita saiye.” (The Translator’s New Testament) Maererano neshanduro idzi, Shoko harisi Mwari pachake. * Asi, nokuda kwenzvimbo yaro yepamusoro pakati pezvisikwa zvaJehovha, Shoko rinonzi “mwari” (ana “m” muduku). Pano shoko rokuti “mwari” rinoreva “munhu ane simba.”
WANA MAMWE MASHOKO
Vanhu vakawanda havazivi chiGiriki chakashandiswa pakunyora Bhaibheri. Saka ungaziva sei chaizvo zvairehwa nomuapostora Johani? Funga nezvomuenzaniso uyu: Mudzidzisi anotsanangurira vadzidzi vake imwe nyaya. Pashure, vadzidzi vanosiyana manzwisisire avaita tsanangudzo yacho. Vadzidzi vacho vangagadzirisa sei nyaya yacho? Vanogona kubvunza mudzidzisi wacho kuti avape mamwe mashoko. Hapana mubvunzo kuti mamwe mashoko aizovabatsira kunzwisisa nyaya yacho zviri nani. Saizvozvowo, kuti unzwisise zvinorehwa naJohani 1:1, unogona kutarira muEvhangeri yaJohani kuti uwane mamwe mashoko ane chokuita nenzvimbo yaJesu. Kudzidza nezvemamwe mashoko panyaya iyi kuchakubatsira kunzwisisa nyaya yacho zvakarurama.
Somuenzaniso, funga zvimwe zvakanyorwa naJohani muchitsauko 1, ndima 18, kuti: “Hapana munhu akamboona Mwari [Wemasimbaose] chero panguva ipi zvayo.” Zvisinei, vanhu vakaona Jesu, Mwanakomana, nokuti Johani anoti: “Shoko [Jesu] rakava nyama rikagara pakati pedu, uye takaona kubwinya kwake.” (Johani 1:14) Saka, Mwanakomana aigona sei kuva chikamu chaMwari Wemasimbaose? Johani anotaurawo kuti Shoko rakanga “riina Mwari.” Munhu angava sei nomumwe munhu asi panguva imwe chete ari munhu wacho? Uyezve, sezvakanyorwa pana Johani 17:3, Jesu anobudisa pachena kusiyana kwaakaita naBaba vake vokudenga. Anodana Baba vake kuti “Mwari wechokwadi chete.” Uye nechokunoperera Evhangeri yake, Johani anotaura zvinhu nemashoko mashoma achiti: “Izvi zvakanyorwa kuti imi mutende kuti Jesu ndiye Kristu Mwanakomana waMwari.” (Johani 20:31) Ona kuti Jesu anonzi Mwanakomana waMwari, kwete Mwari. Aya mashoko okuwedzera anopiwa muEvhangeri yaJohani anoratidza kunzwisiswa kunofanira kuitwa Johani 1:1. Jesu, Shoko, ndi“mwari” mupfungwa yokuti ane nzvimbo yepamusoro asi haana kuenzana naMwari Wemasimbaose.
NYATSOWANA CHOKWADI
Funga zvakare pamusoro pomuenzaniso womudzidzisi nevadzidzi vake. Fungidzira kuti vamwe havana chokwadi, kunyange pashure pokuteerera tsanangudzo dzokuwedzera dzomudzidzisi. Vangaitei? Vanogona kubvunza mumwe mudzidzisi kuti avape mamwe mashoko panyaya iyoyo. Kana mudzidzisi wechipiri akasimbisa tsanangudzo yewokutanga, kusava nechokwadi kwevadzidzi vakawanda kungapera. Saizvozvowo, kana usina chokwadi nezvainyatsotaurwa nomunyori weBhaibheri, Johani, pamusoro poukama hwaJesu naMwari Wemasimbaose, unogona kuenda kune mumwe munyori weBhaibheri kuti uwane mamwe mashoko. Somuenzaniso, funga zvakanyorwa naMateu. Nezvokuguma kwemamiriro ezvinhu aripo, iye anotaura mashoko aJesu achiti: “Hapana munhu anoziva nezvezuva iroro neawa, kunyange ngirozi dzokumatenga kana Mwanakomana, asi Baba voga.” (Mateu 24:36) Mashoko aya anosimbisa sei kuti Jesu haasi Mwari Wemasimbaose?
Jesu anotaura kuti Baba vanoziva zvakawanda kupfuura zvinozivikanwa noMwanakomana. Zvisinei, kudai Jesu aiva chikamu chaMwari Wemasimbaose, aizoziva zvinhu zvakafanana nezvinozivikanwa naBaba vake. Saka, Mwanakomana naBaba havangavi vakaenzana. Asi vamwe vangati: ‘Jesu akanga aine masikirwo maviri. Pano anotaura somunhu.’ Asi kunyange kudai zvakanga zvakadaro, zvakadini nomudzimu mutsvene? Kana uri chikamu chaMwari mumwe chete iyeye saBaba, nei Jesu asingatauri kuti unoziva zvinozivikanwa naBaba?
Sezvaunoramba uchidzidza Bhaibheri, uchaziva zvimwe zvikamu zvakawanda zveBhaibheri zvine chokuita nenyaya iyi. Zvinosimbisa chokwadi chine chokuita naBaba, Mwanakomana, uye mudzimu mutsvene.—Pisarema 90:2; Mabasa 7:55; VaKorose 1:15.
^ ndima 3 Kana uchida mamwe mashoko anokurukura nezvaJohani 1:1, ona mapeji 24-25 eNharireyomurindi yaNovember 1, 2008 yakabudiswa neZvapupu zvaJehovha.


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Chii Chinonzi Denga?
Dhaunirodha
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Shoko rekuti “denga” rinoshandiswa muBhaibheri pachinyanya kutaurwa nezvezvinhu zvitatu zvinoti: (1) matenga atinoona nemaziso; (2) nzvimbo inogara Mwari nezvisikwa zvisingaoneki zvakadai sengirozi; uye (3) chiratidzo chenzvimbo yepamusoro kana kuti yakakwirira. Pese parinoshandiswa, mashoko akapoteredza ndiwo anobatsira kuziva chinenge chichinyatsotaurwa. *
Matenga atinoona nemaziso. Apa shoko rekuti “matenga” rinoreva nzvimbo iri pamusoro penyika, panofamba nemhepo, panobhururuka shiri, panooneka makore anogadzira mvura inozonaya uye sinou, uye patinoona mheni dzichipenya. (Pisarema 78:26; Zvirevo 30:19; Isaya 55:10; Ruka 17:24) Rinogonawo kureva muchadenga, matinoona “zuva nomwedzi nenyeredzi.”—Dheuteronomio 4:19; Genesisi 1:1.
Nzvimbo inogara Mwari nezvisikwa zvisingaoneki zvakadai sengirozi. Shoko rekuti “denga” rinorevawo matenga atisingaoni, kana kuti nzvimbo inogara Mwari nezvisikwa zvakadai sengirozi, kureva nzvimbo yatisingaoni nemaziso uye yakakwirira kupfuura nzvimbo ine zvisikwa zvinooneka nemaziso. (1 Madzimambo 8:27; Johani 6:38) Mumatenga aya ndimo munogara Jehovha Mwari, uyo ari “Mudzimu,” pamwe chete nengirozi dzaakasika. (Johani 4:24; Mateu 24:36) Dzimwe nguva, “matenga” anotaurwa nezvawo semunhu achimiririra ngirozi dzakatendeka, “ungano yevatsvene.”—Pisarema 89:5-7.
Bhaibheri rinoshandisawo shoko rekuti “matenga” parinenge richitaura nezvechikamu chenzvimbo chaiyo inowanikwa Jehovha, “nzvimbo yake yaanogara.” (1 Madzimambo 8:43, 49; VaHebheru 9:24; Zvakazarurwa 13:6) Semuenzaniso, Bhaibheri rakafanotaura kuti Satani nemadhimoni vaizokandirwa kunze kwematenga, vasingachabvumirwi kupinda vachinomira pamberi paJehovha. Kunyange zvakadaro, vaizoramba vari munzvimbo yatisingakwanisi kuvaona nemaziso.—Zvakazarurwa 12:7-9, 12.
Chiratidzo chenzvimbo yepamusoro kana kuti yakakwirira. Magwaro anoshandisa shoko rekuti “denga” richimiririra nzvimbo yakakwirira, kazhinji kacho paanenge achitaura nezvevane masimba ekutonga. Nzvimbo yakadaro inogona kuva:
YaJehovha Mwari pachake saChangamire wemasimbaose.—2 Makoronike 32:20; Ruka 15:21.
YeUmambo hwaMwari, hurumende ichatsiva kutonga kwevanhu. Bhaibheri rinotaura nezveUmambo ihwohwo ‘sematenga matsva.’—Isaya 65:17; 66:22; 2 Petro 3:13. *
YevaKristu vanenge vachiri panyika avo vane tariro yekuzoenda kudenga.—VaEfeso 2:6.
Yehurumende dzevanhu dzakazviisa pamusoro pevanhu vadzinotonga.—Isaya 14:12-14; Dhanieri 4:20-22; 2 Petro 3:7.
Yemidzimu yakaipa iyo iri kutonga nyika yese.—VaEfeso 6:12; 1 Johani 5:19.
-
Denga rakaita sei?
Iyi inzvimbo ine zvisikwa zvinogara zvakabatikana chaizvo nebasa. Kune mazana emamiriyoni ezvisikwa zvisingaoneki izvo ‘zvinoita zvinenge zvataurwa naJehovha.’—Pisarema 103:20, 21; Dhanieri 7:10.
Bhaibheri rinotsanangura denga senzvimbo ine chiedza chakawanda chaizvo. (1 Timoti 6:15, 16) Muprofita Ezekieri paakaratidzwa zvakaita kudenga aiona “kupenya,” ukuwo pazvinhu zvakaratidzwa Dhanieri nezvekudenga paivawo “norukova rwomoto.” (Ezekieri 1:26-28; Dhanieri 7:9, 10) Denga inzvimbo tsvene, kana kuti yakachena, uye yakanaka.—Pisarema 96:6; Isaya 63:15; Zvakazarurwa 4:2, 3.
Zvatinowana muBhaibheri parinotaura nezvedenga zvinotisiya tisina kana neremuromo. (Ezekieri 43:2, 3) Kunyange zvakadaro, hazvikwanisiki kuti vanhu vanyatsonzwisisa chinonzi denga, kana kuti zvakaita nzvimbo iyi inogara Mwari nezvisikwa zvakadai sengirozi.
^ ndima 3 Zvinoita sekuti shoko rechiHebheru rakashandurwa kuti “denga” rinobva pashoko rinoreva kuti “pamusoro,” kana kuti “kukwirira.” (Zvirevo 25:3) Ona The New Brown, Driver, and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, peji 1029.
^ ndima 9 McClintock and Strong’s Cyclopedia inoti matenga matsva anotaurwa pana Isaya 65:17 anoreva “hurumende itsva, umambo hutsva.”—Volume IV, peji 122.
Inzwa zvimwe
MIBVUNZO YEBHAIBHERI INOPINDURWA
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Vanhu vakaipa vanorangirwa mugomba remoto here? Ndiwo mubayiro wechivi here? Verenga uone mhinduro inopiwa neMagwaro pamibvunzo iyi.


text:
Mwari Ane Hanya Nevanhukadzi Uye Anovaremekedza
JESU paaiva pasi pano, akanyatsoratidza unhu hwaBaba vake vokudenga uye maitiro avo. Akati: “Handiiti chinhu chandinozvitangira ndoga; asi ndinotaura zvinhu izvi sokudzidziswa kwandakaitwa naBaba . . . Ndinogara ndichiita zvinhu zvinomufadza.” (Johani 8:28, 29; VaKorose 1:15) Saka kana tikacherechedza matauriro aiita Jesu nevanhukadzi uye mabatiro aaivaita, tinogona kunzwisisa maonero anoita Mwari vanhukadzi uye zvaanotarisira kwavari.
Kubva pane zviri munhoroondo dzeEvhangeri, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinobvuma kuti Jesu aibata vanhukadzi zvakasiyana chaizvo nemabatirwo avaiitwa painyorwa Evhangeri idzodzo. Pakudini? Ko iye zvino dzidziso dzake dzichiri kusunungura vanhukadzi here?
Mabatiro Aiita Jesu Vanhukadzi
Jesu hapana paakati ndevokungoita navo zvebonde chete. Vamwe vatungamiriri vechitendero chechiJudha vaiti kuva pedyo nevakadzi kwaitongoita kuti munhu ade zvebonde. Sezvo vakadzi vaityirwa kuti vangakonzera muedzo, vaisabvumirwa kutaura nevarume paruzhinji uye kufamba vasina kufukidza misoro. Kusiyana neizvi, Jesu akapa varume zano rokuti vadzivise kuchiva kwenyama yavo uye kuti varemekedze vakadzi pane kuvarambidza kudyidzana nevamwe.—Mateu 5:28.
Jesu akatiwo: “Munhu wose anoramba mudzimai wake oroora mumwe anoita upombwe, achimutadzira.” (Mako 10:11, 12) Saka apa, Jesu akashora dzidziso yaitendwa navanarabhi iyo yaibvumidza kuti munhu arambe mudzimai wake nokuda “kwechikonzero chero chorudzi rupi zvarwo.” (Mateu 19:3, 9) VaJudha vakawanda vaisaziva kuti murume anogona kunzi atadzira mudzimai wake kana akaita upombwe. Vanarabhi vaidzidzisa kuti kana murume akaita upombwe haagoni kunzi atadzira mudzimai wake, asi mudzimai chete ndiye anonzi amutadzira. Rimwe bhuku rinotsanangura Bhaibheri rinoti: “Jesu paakati murume anotonzi aitawo upombwe, akasimudzira vakadzi uye akaita kuti varemekedzwe.”
Kubatsirwa kwatinoitwa nezvakadzidziswa naJesu: Muungano dzechiKristu dzeZvapupu zvaJehovha, vakadzi vanonamata vakasununguka pamwe nevarume. Havatyi kuti vachanyumwirwa kana kuti kujairirwa zvisina muganhu nokuti varume vechiKristu vanochenjerera kuti vabate “vakadzi vakura savanaamai, vakadzi vaduku sehanzvadzi nokuchena kwose.”—1 Timoti 5:2.
Jesu aidzidzisawo vakadzi. Kusiyana nemaonero avanarabhi ayo aiita kuti vakadzi vasadzidziswa, Jesu aivadzidzisa uye aivakurudzira kuti vataure zvavaifunga. Jesu haana kurambidza Mariya kuti anakidzwe nokudzidziswa, zvichiratidza kuti basa revakadzi harisi rokungobika nokushandira vamwe mumba. (Ruka 10:38-42) Pakafa Razaro, mhinduro dzine musoro dzakapiwa naMarita mukoma waMariya, dzairatidza kuti akabatsirwa nezvaakadzidziswa naJesu.—Johani 11:21-27.
Jesu aikoshesa zvaifungwa nevakadzi. Panguva iyoyo, vakadzi vakawanda vechiJudha vaifunga kuti kuva nemwanakomana ndiko kwaizoita kuti vafare, kunyanya kana mwana wacho aizova muprofita. Mumwe mukadzi paakashevedzera achiti: “Rinofara dumbu rakakutakurai!” Jesu akashandisa mukana iwowo kuti amuudze zvimwe zvaibatsira. (Ruka 11:27, 28) Paakamuudza kuti kuteerera Mwari ndiko kwaikosha kupfuura zvose, Jesu akamuratidza chimwe chinhu chaikosha kupfuura zvaingotarisirwa kuti vakadzi vaite panguva iyoyo.—Johani 8:32.
Kubatsirwa kwatinoitwa nezvakadzidziswa naJesu: Vadzidzisi vomuungano dzechiKristu vanokoshesa zvinotaurwa nevakadzi pamisangano yeungano. Vanoremekedza vakadzi vakura nokuti ‘vanodzidzisa zvinhu zvakanaka’ nomuenzaniso wavo pavanenge vaine vamwe nepavanenge vari voga. (Tito 2:3) Vanotarisirawo kuti vakadzi vaparidze mashoko akanaka eUmambo hwaMwari kuvanhu vose.—Pisarema 68:11; ona bhokisi rakanzi “Muapostora Pauro Akarambidza Vakadzi Kutaura Here?” iri papeji 9.
Jesu aiva nehanya nevakadzi. Munguva dzinotaurwa muBhaibheri vanasikana vaisakosheswa sezvaiitwa vanakomana. Mafungiro aya anoratidzwa mubhuku rinonzi Talmud iro rinoti: “Anofara munhu ane vanakomana asi ane nhamo munhu ane vanasikana.” Kune dzimwe nyika vamwe vabereki vanoona vanasikana somutoro unorema nokuti vanotsvakira vanasikana vacho varume, vobhadhara varume vacho roora uye hazviiti kuti vanasikana vacho vazoriritira vabereki vavo kana vakwegura.
Jesu paakamutsa mwanasikana waJairosi sezvaakaitawo mwanakomana wechirikadzi yeNaini, akaratidza kuti upenyu hwemusikana hunokosha kungofanana nehwemukomana. (Mako 5:35, 41, 42; Ruka 7:11-15) Paakarapa mukadzi ainetswa ne“mudzimu wokushayiwa simba kwemakore gumi nemasere,” Jesu akamuti “mwanasikana waAbrahamu,” anova mashoko aisatombowanika muzvinyorwa zvechiJudha panguva iyoyo. (Ruka 13:10-16) Nemashoko iwayo okuremekedza uye emutsa, Jesu akaratidza kuti mukadzi uyu aikosha sezvaingoita vamwe vanhu vose uye kuti aiva nokutenda kwakasimba.—Ruka 19:9; VaGaratiya 3:7.
Kubatsirwa kwatinoitwa nezvakadzidziswa naJesu: Imwe tsumo yokuAsia inoti: “Kurera mwanasikana kwakafanana nokudiridza bindu romuvakidzani.” Vanababa vechiKristu vane rudo havatevedzeri mafungiro akadaro, asi vanorera vanakomana nevanasikana vavo zvakafanana. Vanova nechokwadi chokuti vana vavo vose vaenda kuchikoro uye vane utano hwakanaka.
Jesu aivimba nevanhukadzi. Mumatare edzimhosva echiJudha, uchapupu hwaipiwa nomunhukadzi hwaienzaniswa nohuya hwaipiwa nomuranda. Munyori wenhoroondo dzekare womuzana remakore rokutanga ainzi Josephus akati: “Hapana uchapupu hunopiwa nomunhukadzi hunofanira kubvumwa nokuti vanozvidzwa uye havakoshi.”
Kusiyana neizvi, Jesu akatosarudza kuti vakadzi vapupurire kumutswa kwake. (Mateu 28:1, 8-10) Kunyange zvazvo vakadzi ivavo vakatendeka vakaonawo kuurawa uye kuvigwa kwaIshe wavo, vaapostora vakaomerwa nokubvuma zvakataurwa nevakadzi vacho. (Mateu 27:55, 56, 61; Ruka 24:10, 11) Zvisinei, Kristu paakatanga kuzviratidza kuvakadzi ivavo achangomutswa, akaratidza kuti vaikodzera kupa uchapupu sezvaingoitawo vamwe vadzidzi.—Mabasa 1:8, 14.
Kubatsirwa kwatinoitwa nezvakadzidziswa naJesu: Muungano dzeZvapupu zvaJehovha varume vanotungamirira vanokoshesa zvinotaurwa nevakadzi pane dzimwe nyaya. Misoro yemhuri yechiKristu ‘inokudza’ madzimai ayo nokunyatsoteerera zvavanotaura.—1 Petro 3:7; Genesisi 21:12.
Zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri Zvinoita Kuti Vakadzi Vafare
Kana varume vakatevedzera Jesu, vanoremekedza vakadzi uye vanovapa rusununguko rwavakasikwa vainarwo naMwari. (Genesisi 1:27, 28) Pane kutsigira pfungwa yokuti varume vanokosha kupfuura vakadzi, varume vechiKristu vanoteerera zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri, zvichiita kuti madzimai avo afare.—VaEfeso 5:28, 29.
Yelena paakatanga kudzidza Bhaibheri, aishushwa nemurume wake asi aisazvitaura. Murume wacho akakura nevanhu vane utsinye, vaiita musengabere uye vaigara vachirova vakadzi. “Zvandakadzidza muBhaibheri zvakandisimbisa,” anodaro Yelena. “Ndakanzwisisa kuti pane mumwe munhu aindida zvikuru, aindikoshesa uye aiva nehanya neni. Ndaizivawo kuti kana murume wangu akadzidza Bhaibheri aizogona kuchinja mabatiro aaindiita.” Zvakazomufambira saizvozvo murume wake paakabvuma kudzidza Bhaibheri ndokuzobhabhatidzwa akava mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha. “Murume wangu akazova muenzaniso wokutevedzera panyaya yokuzvidzora,” akadaro Yelena. “Takadzidza kukanganwirana nomwoyo wose.” Akazopedzisa nokutaura kuti: “Mazano eBhaibheri akanyatsondibatsira kuti ndione kuti murume wangu anondida uye ndinzwe ndisina chokutya.”—VaKorose 3:13, 18, 19.
Yelena haasiye oga akabatsirwa seizvi. Kune mamiriyoni evakadzi vechiKristu vari kufara nokuti ivo nevarume vavo vanoedza kuteerera zano reBhaibheri mumhuri dzavo. Vanoremekedzwa, vanonyaradzwa uye vanoita zvinhu vakasununguka pavanenge vaine vavanonamata navo.—Johani 13:34, 35.
Varume nevakadzi vechiKristu vanoziva kuti vane chivi uye kuti ivo zvisikwa zvaMwari zvakaiswa “muuranda hwokuora,” saka havakwanisi kuzvisunungura pachivi. Asi kana vakava noukama naMwari ane rudo Jehovha, vanova netariro yoku“sunungurwawo muuranda hwokuora” vova “norusununguko runobwinya rwevana vaMwari.” Chokwadi iyi itariro inofadza kuvarume nevakadzi vachange vachitongwa naMwari!—VaRoma 8:20, 21.


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Padma zvinoreva zita rakanaka: Kushanda, Unofara, Lucky, Chakakomba, Mazuva ano. Tora Padma zvinoreva zita.
Yadav zvakanakisisa zita rezita rinoreva: Ushamwari, Kunyatsoteerera, Unyanzvi, Kusika, Mazuva ano. Tora Yadav zvinoreva zvezita rezita.
Padma tsime rezita rokutanga. Means "lotus" in Sanskrit. This is a transcription of both the feminine form पद्मा and the masculine form पद्म Tora Padma tsime rezita rokutanga.
Zita rekupedzisira Yadav rinowanzoshandiswa Aisirendi, India, Neparo, Omani, Kwata. Tora Yadav pazita rekuparadzira.
Mazita akawanda anowanzozivikanwa nezita Padma: Iyer, Priya, Jatoth, Vsv, Wine. Tora Runyoro rwezita rine zita Padma.
Mazita akawanda anozivikanwa ane zita rekutanga Yadav: Krishna, Vijay, Manish, Pooja, Sunil. Tora Mazita anoenda ne Yadav.
Kubatana kwe Padma uye Yadav is 80%. Tora Kubatana kwe Padma uye Yadav.


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MASHOKO OKUWEDZERA
Zuva Rokutongwa—Chii?
UNOFUNGIDZIRA kuti Zuva Rokutongwa richange rakaita sei? Vakawanda vanofunga kuti mabhiriyoni evanhu achaunzwa pamberi pechigaro choumambo chaMwari akaita mudungwe. Ipapo, munhu oga oga achatongwa. Vamwe vachapiwa mubayiro weparadhiso yokudenga, uye vamwe vachatongerwa kutambudzwa kusingagumi. Zvisinei, Bhaibheri rinoratidza zvakasiyana chaizvo pamusoro penguva iyi. Shoko raMwari rinoirondedzera senguva yetariro uye yokugadzirisa zvinhu, kwete senguva inotyisa.
Pana Zvakazarurwa 20:11, 12, tinoverenga tsanangudzo yomuapostora Johani yeZuva Rokutongwa, inoti: “Ndakaona chigaro choumambo chikuru chichena naiye akanga agere pachiri. Denga nenyika zvakatiza pamberi pake, uye hazvina kuwanirwa nzvimbo. Ndakaona vakafa, vakuru nevaduku, vamire pamberi pechigaro choumambo, uye mipumburu yakavhurwa. Asi mumwe mupumburu wakavhurwa; ndiwo mupumburu woupenyu. Vakafa vakatongwa nezvinhu zviya zvakanga zvakanyorwa mumipumburu maererano nemabasa avo.” Mutongi anotsanangurwa pano ndiani?
Jehovha Mwari ndiye Mutongi mukuru wevanhu anopfuura vose. Zvisinei, anopa vamwe basa racho chairo rokutonga. Maererano naMabasa 17:31, muapostora Pauro akataura kuti Mwari “akatara zuva raanoda kutonga naro nyika inogarwa, nokururama achishandisa munhu waakagadza.” Mutongi uyu akagadzwa ndiJesu Kristu akamutswa. (Johani 5:22) Zvisinei, Zuva Rokutongwa rinotanga rini? Rakareba zvakadini?
Bhuku raZvakazarurwa rinoratidza kuti Zuva Rokutongwa rinotanga pashure pehondo yeAmagedhoni, mamiriro ezvinhu aSatani ari panyika paanenge aparadzwa. * (Zvakazarurwa 16:14, 16; 19:19–20:3) Pashure peAmagedhoni, Satani nemadhimoni ake vachaiswa mujeri mugomba rakadzikadzika kwemakore ane chiuru. Munguva iyoyo, vagari venhaka vokudenga vane 144 000 vachava vatongi uye vachatonga “semadzimambo naKristu kwemakore ane chiuru.” (Zvakazarurwa 14:1-3; 20:1-4; VaRoma 8:17) Zuva Rokutongwa harisi chiitiko chichakurumidza kuitwa chakangoreba maawa 24. Rinotora makore ane chiuru.
Munguva iyoyo yemakore ane chiuru, Jesu Kristu “achatonga vapenyu nevakafa.” (2 Timoti 4:1) “Vapenyu” vachange vari “boka guru revanhu” vanopona paAmagedhoni. (Zvakazarurwa 7:9-17) Muapostora Johani akaonawo “vakafa . . . vamire pamberi pechigaro choumambo” chokutonga. Sezvakapikirwa naJesu, achishandisa rumuko, “vari mumakuva vachayeukwa uye vachanzwa inzwi [raKristu], vobuda.” (Johani 5:28, 29; Mabasa 24:15) Asi vose vachatongerwa chii?
Maererano nezvakaratidzwa muapostora Johani, “mipumburu yakavhurwa,” uye “vakafa vakatongwa nezvinhu zviya zvakanga zvakanyorwa mumipumburu maererano nemabasa avo.” Mipumburu iyi zvinhu zvakanyorwa zvakaitwa kare nevanhu vacho here? Kwete, kutonga kwacho hakuzoitwi nokuda kwezvakaitwa nevanhu vasati vafa. Tinoziva sei izvozvo? Bhaibheri rinoti: “Uya anenge afa asunungurwa pachivi chake.” (VaRoma 6:7) Saka vaya vanomutswa vanodzoka kuupenyu vadzimirwa zvivi zvavo zvose. Naizvozvo, mipumburu inofanira kumirira zvimwe zvinodiwa naMwari. Kuti vanopona paAmagedhoni uye vaya vanomutswa vararame nokusingaperi, vachafanira kuteerera mirayiro yaMwari, kusanganisira zvimwe zvitsva zvichange zvichidiwa izvo Jehovha angazivisa mumakore ane chiuru. Saka, vanhu vachatongerwa zvavachaita munguva yeZuva Rokutongwa.
Zuva Rokutongwa richapa mabhiriyoni evanhu mukana wavo wokutanga wokuti vadzidze zvinodiwa naMwari uye kuti vaite maererano nazvo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pachava nebasa guru rokudzidzisa. Zvechokwadi, “vagari vomunyika inobereka vachadzidza kururama.” (Isaya 26:9) Zvisinei, havasi vose vanenge vachida kuita maererano nezvinoda Mwari. Isaya 26:10 inoti: “Kunyange munhu akaipa akanzwirwa nyasha, haazombodzidzi kururama. Achaita zvisina kururama munyika yokururama uye haazooni ukuru hwaJehovha.” Vakaipa ava vachaurayiwa zvachose munguva yeZuva Rokutongwa.—Isaya 65:20.
Panozopera Zuva Rokutongwa, vanhu vanopona vanenge ‘vava vapenyu’ zvizere sevanhu vakakwana. (Zvakazarurwa 20:5) Saka munguva yeZuva Rokutongwa vanhu vachadzorerwa pakukwana kwaivapo pakutanga. (1 VaKorinde 15:24-28) Panguva iyoyo pachava nomuedzo wokupedzisira. Satani achasunungurwa mujeri rake, obvumirwa kuedza kutsausa vanhu kokupedzisira. (Zvakazarurwa 20:3, 7-10) Vaya vanomurwisa vachawana kuzadzika kuzere kwechipikirwa cheBhaibheri chinoti: “Vakarurama vachagara nhaka yenyika, vachagara mairi nokusingaperi.” (Pisarema 37:29) Chokwadi, Zuva Rokutongwa richava chikomborero kuvanhu vose vakatendeka!
^ ndima 1 NezveAmagedhoni, tapota ona Insight on the Scriptures, Volume 1, mapeji 594-5, 1037-8, uye chitsauko 20 chebhuku rinonzi Namata Mwari Wechokwadi Bedzi, ose akabudiswa neZvapupu zvaJehovha.


text:
Nei Vabereki Vangu Vasingandipiwo Nguva Yokumbofara?
Funga nezvemuenzaniso uyu:
Uri kuda kuenda kupati asi hauna chokwadi kana vabereki vako vachizokubvumira kuendako. Chii chaungaita pane zviri pasi apa?
1. USAVAKUMBIRA—INGOENDA
Chikonzero chingaita kuti usarudze kuita izvi: Unoda kuratidza shamwari dzako kuti hapana anokurambidza zvokuita. Unozviona senge unoziva kudarika vabereki vako kana kuti hauremekedzi zvavanenge vataura.—Zvirevo 14:18.
Zvinozoitika kubva pane zvawasarudza: Shamwari dzako dzinogona kuona sokuti uri muhombe asi vachaonawo chimwe chinhu pauri chokuti hauna kuvimbika. Kana usina kuvimbika kuvabereki vako ndizvo zvaunogona kuitawo kushamwari dzako. Kana vabereki vako vakazozvibata, vacharwadziwa uye vachaona sokuti uri munyengeri uye havazokuitiri zvavaimbokuitira!—Zvirevo 12:15.
2. USAVAKUMBIRA—INGOREGA KUENDA
Chikonzero chingaita kuti usarudze kuita izvi: Unenge waona kuti zvichaitwa kupati yacho hazvisi zvinhu zvaunofarira kana kuti haufariri kushamwaridzana nevanhu vanenge vari ikoko. (1 VaKorinde 15:33; VaFiripi 4:8) Asiwo, ungangoda kuenda asi uchishaya kuti woudza sei vabereki vako.
Zvinozoitika kubva pane zvawasarudza: Kana ukasaenda nemhaka yokuti pane zvisina kunaka zvinogona kuitika kupati ikoko, zvichaita kuti uwane chokupindura shamwari dzako kana dzikakubvunza. Asi kana ukarega kuenda nemhaka yokuti washaya kuti woudza sei vabereki vako, unozopedzisira wava kunetseka uri kumba, uchingozviti ndiwe wega usiri kunakidzwa vamwe vachinakidzwa.
3. VAKUMBIRE—WOONA KUTI VANOTI KUDII
Chikonzero chingaita kuti usarudze kuita izvi: Unobvuma kuti vabereki vako vane kodzero yokukuudza zvokuita uye unoremekedza maonero avo. (VaKorose 3:20) Unoda vabereki vako uye haudi kuvarwadzisa nokusvova pamba usina kuvaudza. (Zvirevo 10:1) Kuvaudza kuchakupawo mukana wokutaura zvauri kuda.
Zvinozoitika kubva pane zvawasarudza: Vabereki vako vachaona kuti unovada uye unovaremekedza. Uye vakaona kuti zvauri kukumbira zvinoita, vanogona kukubvumira kuenda.
Zvikonzero Zvinoita Kuti Vabereki Varambe
Chimwe chikonzero chingaenzanisirwa seizvi: Kana kuri kunzi wasarudza kunoshambira, ungada kushambira paunenge uchionekwa nemumwe munhu anenge ari panzvimbo yakakwirira. Chikonzero nei? Nemhaka yokuti paunenge uchinakidzwa nokushambira unogona kutadza kuona njodzi. Asi munhu anenge akakutarisa ari panzvimbo yakakwirira anogona kukurumidza kuona njodzi. Ndizvo zvinoitikawo kuvabereki, nemhaka yekuti vane ruzivo rwakawanda uye vasangana nezvinhu zvakawanda muupenyu, vanogona kuona njodzi yausiri kuona. Kungofanana nemunhu anenge achikutarisa paunenge uchishambira, chinangwa chevabereki vako hachisi chokuti usanakidzwa, asi ndechokukubatsira kuti usapinda mumatambudziko anozoita kuti usafara muupenyu.
Hona chimwe chikonzero: Vabereki vako vanoda chaizvo kukudzivirira. Rudo rwavanarwo ndirwo rwunoita kuti vakubvumire kana vachiona zvichiita kana kukurambidza kana zvisingaiti. Kana ukavakumbira kuti uite chimwe chinhu, vanotanga vazvibvunza kuti vaone kana zvichiita kuti vakubvumire nokuti ndivo vanozozvidavirirawo pane zvinenge zvaitika kwauri. Kana vagutsikana uye vaona kuti hapana dambudziko raungazosangana naro vanobva vakubvumidza.
Zvaungaita Kuti Vabereki Vako Vakubvumire
Zvaunogona kuita
Taura chokwadi: Zvibvunze kuti: ‘Nei ndiri kuda kuendako? Inyaya here yokuti ndinofarira zviri kunoitwa ikoko kana kuti ndinoda kunge ndiri pane chikwata chezera rangu? Imhaka yekuti kune mukomana kana musikana wandinofarira achange ariko here?’ Saka udza vabereki vako chokwadi. Vakabva neko kumhunga hakuna ipwa. Saka kunyange ukada kuvanza vanogona kuona zvauri kuda kuendera. Vachakutenda paunotaura chokwadi uye uchaona kuti mazano avanokupa achakubatsira. (Zvirevo 7:1, 2) Asi kana ukasataura chokwadi, zvichaita kuti vasakuvimba uye mikana yokuti ubvumirwe kuita zvaunoda inenge yava mishoma.
Ziva nguva yokutaura: Usanetsa vabereki vako nokuvakumbira zvinhu panguva yavanenge vachangosvika vachibva kubasa kana kuti pavanenge vakabatikana vachiita zvimwe zvinhu. Taura navo panguva yavanenge vagadzikana. Asi usamirira kusvikira nguva yapera zvokuti unozopedzisira wava kuvanetsa uchida mhinduro. Vabereki vako havadi zvokumhanyiswa pakuita chisarudzo. Taura navo pachine nguva, kuti vawane nguva yokufunga.
Mashoko ako: Usarova imbwa wakaviga mupinyi. Nyatsovaudza zvauri kuda kuita. Vabereki pavanokubvunza kuti: “Ndivanaani vachange variko?” “Kuchange kuine munhu mukuru here achange achiona nezvepati yacho?” kana kuti “Uchadzoka nguvai?” havafariri mhinduro yokuti “Handizivi.”
Mafungiro ako: Usaona vabereki vako sevavengi. Vaone sevanhu vari kukutsigira, nokuti pane zvose zvinoitika kwauri vanobatanidzwawo. Kana ukavaona sevanhu vanokutsigira zvichaita kuti urege kukaka nharo navo uye zvichaita kuti vade kuteerera zvauri kutaura.
Ratidza vabereki vako kuti wava kufungawo semunhu mukuru kuburikidza nokugamuchira zvisarudzo zvavo uye kuzviremekedza. Kana ukaita izvi vachakuremekedza. Uye nguva inotevera, zvichaita kuti vakubvumire pane zvaunovakumbira.


text:
Chimbwamupengo
Chimbwamupengo ivhairasi rechirwere chinokonzera kuzvimba kweuropi muvanhu nedzimwe mhuka dzine ropa rinodziya.[1] Zviratidzo zvokutanga zvinogona kusanganisira fivha uye kubayabaya panzvimbo inenge yapinda utachiona.[1] Zviratidzo izvi zvinoteverwa nechimwe chete kana zviviri zvezvinotevera: maitiro echisimba, kufarisa kusina muganhu, kutya mvura, kutadza kufambisa dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, kuvhiringidzika, uye kufenda.[1] Kana zviratidzo zvaoneka, chimbwamupengo kakawanda kacho chinouraya.[1] Kubva panguva yokutapurirwa utachiona kusvika panotanga kuoneka zviratidzo, panowanzova nemwedzi mumwe chete kusvika kumitatu. Zvisinei, nguva iyi inogona kusiyana-siyana ichitangira pasi pevhiki rimwe chete kusvikira kugore kana kudarika.[1] Kureba kwenguva kunotsamira pakuti vhairasi racho rinofanira kufamba daro rakadini kuti risvike kumuzongoza uye uropi.[2]
Contents
Chinokonzera uye kuzivikanwa kwechirwere[chinja | edit source]
Chimbwamupengo chinotapurirwa kuvanhu chichibva kune dzimwe mhuka. Chimbwamupengo chinogona kutapurirwa kana mhuka inacho ikamara kana kuruma imwe kana munhu.[1] Rute rwemhuka ine utachiona runogonawo kutapurira chimbwamupengo kana rukaenda pamikana inobuda kunze kwomuviri yeimwe mhuka kana munhu.[1] Kakawanda, chimbwamupengo muvanhu chinobva pakurumwa nembwa.[1] Munyika dzine imbwa dzakawanda dzine chimbwamupengo, inopfuura 99% yechimbwamupengo inokonzerwa nokurumwa nembwa.[3] Munzvimbo dzeAmericas, kurumwa nechiremwaremwa ndiko kunonyanya kukonzera kutapukira kwechimbwamupengo, uye kutapukira kuri pasi pe5% kunokonzerwa nembwa.[1][3] Kashoma chaizvo kuti mbeva nezvimwe zvakada kudaro zvitapurirwe chimbwamupengo.[3] Vhairasi rechimbwamupengo rinofamba kuenda kuuropi richitevedza manevhi ekunze. Chirwere ichi chinogona chete kuzivikanwa kuti ndicho kana zviratidzo zvacho zvatanga kuoneka.[1]
Kudzivirira uye marapiro[chinja | edit source]
Mitemo yokuchengetedza mhuka uye zvirongwa zvokudzibaya ndizvo zvaderedza kutapukira kwechimbwamupengo kubva kumbwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzepasi.[1] Zvinokurudzirwa kufanobaya mishonga yokudzivirira vaya vane mikana yakakura yekutapurirwa chirwere ichi. Vari pangozi yakanyanya vanosanganisira vanoshanda nezviremwaremwa kana vaya vanotora nguva yakareba vari munzvimbo dzenyika dzinonyanya kuva nechirwere chacho.[1] Kuvanhu vanenge vaita mukana wokubatwa nechimbwamupengo, mushonga wokudzivirira chimbwamupengo uye dzimwe nguva immunoglobulin yechimbwamupengo zvinogona kushanda pakudzivirira kuti vasabatwe nechirwere ndokunge varapiwa zviratidzo zvechimbwamupengo zvisati zvatanga.[1] Kugeza panenge parumwa kana kumarwa kwemaminitsi 15 nesipo nemvura, povidone iodine, kana mishonga yokuchenesa nayo zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinogona kudzivirira kutapukira kwechimbwamupengo sezvo zvichigona kuuraya vhairasi racho.[1] Vashomanene chete ndivo vakapukunyuka utachiona hwechimbwamupengo pashure pokunge vatanga kuratidza zviratidzo zvokuva nacho. Ava vakawana marapiro akasimba anozivikanwa seMilwaukee protocol.[4]
Mushonga wekudzivirira[chinja | edit source]
Mushonga wekudzivirira chimbwamupengo mushonga wekudzivirira unoshandiswa kudzivirira chimbwamupengo.[5] Kune yakati wandei inoshandisika zvisina ngozi uye inoshanda. Inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira chimbwamupengo kubvira panguva munhu yaanenge asati awana utachiona kusvikira kunyange pashure pokunge arumwa nembwa kana chiremwaremwa. Pashure pokuwana mushonga katatu, kudzivirirwa kunobva kwaita kwenguva yakareba. Mishonga yacho inowanzoita zvokubayiwa nejekiseni muganda kana patsandanyama. Kana munhu ambova pangozi yokuwana chirwere, mushonga wokudzivirira wacho unowanzoshandiswa pamwechete neimmunoglobulin yechimbwamupengo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vaya vane mikana yakakura yekutapurirwa chirwere ichi vafanobayiwa mishonga yokudzivirira. Mishonga yokudzivirira inoshanda zvakanaka muvanhu nepadzimwe mhuka. Kubaya imbwa kunoshanda chaizvo pakudzivirira vanhu pachirwere.[5]
Nezvengozi dzemishonga[chinja | edit source]
Mamiriyoni evanhu pasi rose vakabayiwa mishonga yokudzivirira uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi zvinoponesa upenyu hwevanhu vanodarika 250,000 pagore.[5] Inogona kushandisirwa vanhu vemazera ose. Vanhu vari pakati pe35 kusvika 45 muzana vanomboita kanguva kadiki kokuti pacho pabaiwa jekiseni panotsvuka uye kurwadza. Vanhu vari pakati pe5 kusvika 15 muzana vanogona kuita fivha, kutemwa nemusoro, kana kunzwa kuda kurutsa. Hapana pazvinonzi hazvichaite kushandisa mushonga unodzivirira chimbwamupengo kana munhu ava nacho. Mishonga yakawanda yokudzivirira haina thimerosal. Mishonga yokudzivirira inogadzirwa nenyama yemanevhi inoshandiswa munyika shoma, kunyanya Asia neLatin America, asi hainyanyoshandi uye ine zvakawanda zvainovhiringa muvanhu. Kushandiswa kwayo hakukurudzirwe neWorld Health Organization.[5]
Inohodhwa nemutengo uri pakati pe44 ne78 USD pakurapwa kwega kwega, kubva muna 2014.[6] MuUnited States kurapiwa pachishandiswa mushonga unodzivirira chimbwamupengo kunodarika 750 USD.[7]
Ruzivo nezvechirwere[chinja | edit source]
Chimbwamupengo chinouraya vanhu vanokwana 26,000 kusvika 55,000 pasi rose, pagore.[1][8] Inodarika 95% yenzufu idzi inoitika kuAsia nekuAfrica.[1] Chimbwamupengo chinowanika munyika dzinopfuura 150 mumakondinendi ose kunze kweAntarctica.[1] Vanhu vanodarika 3 bhiriyoni vanogara munzvimbo dzenyika munowanika chimbwamupengo.[1] Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeEurope neAustralia, chimbwamupengo chinongowanika muzviremwaremwa chete.[9] Nyika dzakawanda dzakaita zvitsuwa hadzina chimbwamupengo zvachose.[10]
Kunowanika mamwe mashoko[chinja | edit source]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 "Rabies Fact Sheet N°99". World Health Organization. July 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
- ↑ Cotran RS; Kumar V; Fausto N (2005). Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Elsevier/Saunders. p. 1375. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). McGraw-Hill. pp. Chapter 152. ISBN 0-07-148480-9.
- ↑ Hemachudha T, Ugolini G, Wacharapluesadee S, Sungkarat W, Shuangshoti S, Laothamatas J (May 2013). "Human rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.". Lancet neurology 12 (5): 498–513. PMID 23602163. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70038-3.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Rabies vaccines: WHO position paper". Weekly epidemiological record 32 (85): 309–320. Aug 6, 2010.
- ↑ "Vaccine, Rabies". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
- ↑ Shlim, David (June 30, 2015). "Perspectives: Intradermal Rabies Preexposure Immunization". Retrieved 6 December 2015.
- ↑ Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R (Dec 15, 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. PMID 23245604. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0.
- ↑ "Presence / absence of rabies in 2007". World Health Organization. 2007. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
- ↑ "Rabies-Free Countries and Political Units". CDC. Retrieved 1 March 2014.


text:
SIRONGWA 6
Uwa musinke atu gwana apa atu kara noVakriste vakwetetu?
Ose kuza nkenye apa komapongo nampili ngomu atu tundu ure ndi tu gende momvhura. Nampili ngomu ava ligwanekere nomaudigu meparu ndi neroroko lyoyirugana, morwasinke Nombangi daJehova adi litulilire po siruwo sokuza komapongo va ka kare kumwe novapuli vakwaawo?
Kunkondopeka elikwatakano lyetu naJehova. Paurusa kwa tjenge asi “atu likoraike-koraikeni” kumwe nowo atu kara nawo komapongo. (Vahebeli 10:24) Nonkango odo kulikida asi twa hepa kulidiva novanavazinyetu. Ado kuna kutukorangeda tu fire sinka vakwetetu. Pokulidiva novanavazinyetu, ngatu dimburura asi vamwe va fundire maudigu aga nose tuna kara nago, ano kuvhura va tu vatere.
Kunkondopeka elikwatakano lyetu novanavazinyetu. Vanavazinyetu ava atu pongo nawo kapisi vantu tupu ava twa diva nye vakaume vetu wovanene. Poyiruwo yimwe, ose kukara nawo pomapongasano gokulihafesa. Mauwa musinke atu gwana pokukara kumwe novanavazinyetu? Ose kudiva yikara yawo yoyiwa nokuvahafera ntani ayo kunkondopeka elikwatakano lyetu. Makura apa ava ligwanekere nomaudigu ose kukara neharo lyokuvavatera. (Yisewe 17:17) Pokulidiva novanavazinyetu navenye womombungakriste ayo kulikida asi ose ‘kulifira sinka.’—1 Vakolinte 12:25, 26.
Kuna kukukorangeda o ture po ukaume nava vana kurugana mpango zaKarunga. Ngo gwana vakaume vangoso moNombangi daJehova. Wa ha pulisira nkenye eyi yi ku kondere kulikwatakana nose.
Uwa musinke natu gwana pokuponga kumwe komapongo?
Ezuvake ngo wiza komapongo getu?


text:
Aya zvinoreva zita rakanaka: Lucky, Kunyatsoteerera, Mazuva ano, Kusika, Haikwanisi. Tora Aya zvinoreva zita.
Takahashi zvakanakisisa zita rezita rinoreva: Lucky, Unyanzvi, Kushanda, Unofara, Chakakomba. Tora Takahashi zvinoreva zvezita rezita.
Aya tsime rezita rokutanga. From Japanese 彩 (aya) meaning "colour", 綾 (aya) meaning "design", or other kanji characters with the same pronunciation. Tora Aya tsime rezita rokutanga.
Takahashi yakabva. From Japanese 高 (taka) meaning "tall, high" and 橋 (hashi) meaning "bridge". Tora Takahashi yakabva.
Zita rekupedzisira Takahashi rinowanzoshandiswa Japani. Tora Takahashi pazita rekuparadzira.
Shanduro kana kuti kutumidza zita rekutanga Aya: ah-yah. How to pronounce Aya.
Zvinyorwa kana kuti kutumidza sei zita rekare Takahashi: tah-kah-hah-shee. How to pronounce Takahashi.
Mazita akawanda anowanzozivikanwa nezita Aya: Takahashi, Minobe, Nimura, Ohara, Wee. Tora Runyoro rwezita rine zita Aya.
Mazita akawanda anozivikanwa ane zita rekutanga Takahashi: Aya, Sheridan, Akemi, Christina, Vivien. Tora Mazita anoenda ne Takahashi.
Kubatana kwe Aya uye Takahashi is 79%. Tora Kubatana kwe Aya uye Takahashi.


text:
Chikamu chino chakagadzirirwa kushandiswa sokunoratidza, pane kuti kuverenga somunhu rondedzero.
Imwe mhando hwokutevera kuti haamo muchitsauko ichi ethnography. Kuti uwane pamusoro ethnography mune digitaalinen Spaces ona Boellstorff et al. (2012) , uye mamwe ari ethnography makawanda digitaalinen uye mumuviri Spaces ona Lane (2016) .
Kana uri repurposing data, pane vaviri pfungwa mazano anogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa matambudziko zvinobvira kuti kusangana. Chokutanga, unogona edza kufungidzira yakanaka dataset nokuda dambudziko rako uye enzanisa kuti kuna dataset yauri kushandisa. Sei vane zvakafanana uye sei vari akasiyana? Kana hamuna unganidza mashoko ako pachako, pangangova kuva musiyano pakati zvaunoda uye zvaunofanira kuita. Asi, unofanira kusarudza kana kupesana aya zviduku kana zvikuru.
Chechipiri, yeuka kuti munhu akasikwa uye dzakaunganidza mashoko enyu nokuda kwechikonzero. Unofanira kuedza kunzwisisa pfungwa dzavo. mhando iyi zvisizvo-okugadzira kunogona kukubatsira kuziva matambudziko zvinobvira uye vakanga vaine kwavakarerekera ako repurposed mashoko.
Hapana tabvumirana chete yeshoko "mashoko guru", asi tsanangudzo dzakawanda dzinoita omerera 3 Vs: (semuenzaniso, vhoriyamu, siyana, uye velocity Japec et al. (2015) ). Pane kungotarira zvechadenga data, tsanangudzo yangu rinonyanya zvakawanda kuti nei mashoko akasikwa.
usanganidzo Kwangu hurumende administrative mashoko mukati muchikwata che guru mashoko ari zvishoma rechienzi. Vamwe vakaita iyi, inosanganisira Legewie (2015) , Connelly et al. (2016) , uye Einav and Levin (2014) . Kuti uwane nezvokukosha hurumende administrative mashoko yokutsvakurudza, ona Card et al. (2010) , Taskforce (2012) , uye Grusky, Smeeding, and Snipp (2015) .
Nokuti maonero administrative tsvakurudzo kubva mukati hurumende uwandu hurongwa, kunyanya US Census Bureau, ona Jarmin and O'Hara (2016) . Nokuti bhuku pakureba pakurapa administrative zvinyorwa tsvakurudzo Statistics Sweden, ona Wallgren and Wallgren (2007) .
Muchitsauko, ini zvishoma akaenzanisa bhurasho kuongorora yakadai General Social Survey (GSS) kuti munzanga vezvenhau Data bhuku akadai Twitter. Nokuti kwazvo uye nokungwarira kuenzanisa pakati chinyakare kuongorora uye magariro Vezvenhau data, ona Schober et al. (2016) .
Ava 10 zvechadenga mashoko makuru dzave chinorondedzerwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana maererano dzakasiyana-siyana nevanyori vakasiyana. Kunyora kuti kukanganiswa mafungiro angu panyaya idzi dzinosanganisira: Lazer et al. (2009) , Groves (2011) , Howison, Wiggins, and Crowston (2011) , boyd and Crawford (2012) , Taylor (2013) , Mayer-Schönberger and Cukier (2013) , Golder and Macy (2014) , Ruths and Pfeffer (2014) , Tufekci (2014) , Sampson and Small (2015) , Lewis (2015) , Lazer (2015) , Horton and Tambe (2015) , Japec et al. (2015) , uye Goldstone and Lupyan (2016) .
Kugara chitsauko chino, ndava akashandisa izwi digitaalinen zvisaririra, izvo ndinofunga achiri enyika. Chimwe yakakurumbira izwi nokuti digitaalinen zvisaririra zviri digitaalinen footprints (Golder and Macy 2014) , asi sezvo Hal Abelson, Ken Ledeen, uye Harry Lewis (2008) kutarawo, yakawanda zvakakodzera izwi zvimwe zviri digitaalinen Aparecen. Kana ukaronga footprints, imi muri kuziva zviri kuitika uye footprints vako havagoni kazhinji kurondwa kwauri pachako. Ndizvowo hakusi kwechokwadi nokuda kwenyu digitaalinen zvisaririra. Kutaura zvazviri, unenge kusiya zvisaririra zvose nguva pamusoro zvaunazvo ruzivo zvishomanana. Uye, kunyange zvazvo zvisarira izvi havana zita renyu pamusoro pavo, vanogona kazhinji kuva chokuita shure kwamuri. Nemamwe mashoko, ivo vava akafanana Aparecen: asingaoneki uye pachake chinozivisa.
guru
Kuti uwane pamusoro nei datasets makuru, anoshandura uwandu nemiedzo matambudziko, ona Lin, Lucas, and Shmueli (2013) uye McFarland and McFarland (2015) . nyaya idzi anofanira kutungamirira vatsvakurudzi kuti dzifunge hunobatsira kukosha pane nhamba kukosha.
Nguva dzose-mberi
Pamunenge muchikurukura nguva dzose-pamusoro data, zvakakosha kufunga kana uri kuenzanisa chaiyo vanhu chete pamusoro nguva kana uri kuenzanisa dzimwe kuchinja boka revanhu; ona Somuenzaniso, Diaz et al. (2016) .
Non-reactive
A bhuku chaiwo pane vasiri reactive matanho ari Webb et al. (1966) . Mienzaniso mubhuku kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo-zuva iri digitaalinen zera, asi ivo vachiri richivhenekera. Nokuti mienzaniso yevanhu achichinja maitiro avo nokuti kuvapo vakawanda zvokuongorora, ona Penney (2016) uye Brayne (2014) .
sakwana
Kuti uwane pamusoro rekodhi linkage, ona Dunn (1946) uye Fellegi and Sunter (1969) (dzakaitika) uye Larsen and Winkler (2014) (ano). Similar aswedera yave yakatangawo kombiyuta zvesayenzi pasi mazita akadai date deduplication, Somuenzaniso kuzivikanwa, zita enzanirana, kutevedzera vasabatwa, uye kutevedzera rekodhi vasabatwa (Elmagarmid, Ipeirotis, and Verykios 2007) . Kunewo zvakavanzika kuchengetedza nzira kunyora linkage isingapwi zvinoda nokupfuuridzirwa pachake azivikanwe mashoko (Schnell 2013) . Facebook zvakavawo akakudziridza mberi kubatanidza zvinyorwa zvavo kuvhota maitiro; ichi chakaitwa kuti vaongorore chinhu kuedza kuti Ndichaudza kukuudza pamusoro muChitsauko 4 (Bond et al. 2012; Jones et al. 2013) .
Kuti uwane pamusoro kuvaka ukoshi, ona Shadish, Cook, and Campbell (2001) , Chapter 3.
sasvikika
Kuti uwane pamusoro AOL kutsvaka nerogi debacle, ona Ohm (2010) . Ini mazano pamusoro partnering mapoka nehurumende muChitsauko 4 apo ini tsanangura kuedza. Vanoverengeka vanyori vakaratidza nezvemhosva tsvakurudzo kuti rinovimba dzisingambosvikiki data, ona Huberman (2012) uye boyd and Crawford (2012) .
Imwe nzira yakanaka yokuti vanotsvakurudza kuyunivhesiti kuwana mashoko mukana ndiko kushanda pakambani ive Intern kana kushanyira mutsvakurudzi. Mukuwedzera kugonesa date kuwana, izvi ruchatibatsira nevatsvakurudzi kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekuti mashoko akasikwa, izvo zvinokosha kuongorora.
Non-mumiririri
Non-representativeness idambudziko guru kune vaongorori uye hurumende vanoda kuti mitsara pamusoro rose vemo. Ndiyo zvishoma nehanya makambani kuti vari yemanyorero nezvezvandaifanira vanoshandisa avo. Kuti uwane pamusoro sei Statistics Netherlands anoona nyaya asiri representativeness vemabhizimisi makuru data, ona Buelens et al. (2014) .
In Chapter 3, Ndichaenda kutsanangura zvakabudiswa uye uchimutarira zvizhinji kuchakurukurwa zvakadzama. Kunyange kana date vari isiri mumiririri, pasi zvimwe ezvinhu, vanogona kuva weighted kubudisa kufungidzira zvakanaka.
kukukurwa
System vasakukurwa zvakaoma chaizvo kuona kubva kunze. Zvisinei, MovieLens chirongwa (inokurukurwa zvakawanda muChitsauko 4) rave kumhanya kwemakore anopfuura 15 inopiwa tsvakurudzo boka zvechikoro. Saka, havana kunozivikanwa uye vakagoverana ruzivo pamusoro nzira kuti hurongwa yave rakavapo pamusoro nguva uye sei izvi kuti tinzwe ongororo (Harper and Konstan 2015) .
Vanoverengeka nyanzvi nezvezvandaifanira vasakukurwa muna Twitter: Liu, Kliman-Silver, and Mislove (2014) uye Tufekci (2014) .
Algorithmically nenyadzi
Ini kutanga kunzwa shoko rokuti "algorithmically nenyadzi" rakashandiswa Jon Kleinberg muhurukuro. Nepfungwa huru shure performativity ndechokuti dzimwe dzidziso sayenzi evanhu vari "injini kwete makamera" (Mackenzie 2008) . Kureva, chaizvoizvo kuumba nyika pane chete akaritora.
sviba
Masangano uwandu Governmental vanodana date rokutsvaira, uwandu mashoko fora. De Waal, Puts, and Daas (2014) tsanangura uwandu date fora mitoo dzakabudirira kuti ongororo Data uye kuongorora izvo papi ivo kushandiswawo guru mashoko zvinyorwa, uye Puts, Daas, and Waal (2015) rinotaura dzimwe chete pfungwa nokuda mamwemazwi vateereri.
Nokuti mienzaniso zvidzidzo nezvezvandaifanira spam muna Twitter, Clark et al. (2016) uye Chu et al. (2012) . Pakupedzisira, Subrahmanian et al. (2016) inorondedzera migumisiro DARPA Twitter Bot Challenge.
nzwisisa
Ohm (2015) akaongororazve tsvakurudzo kwamboita pfungwa inonyatsoziva mashoko onyengetera multi-chinhu bvunzo. The ina proposes zvinhu ndiwo: ndingangokuvara chakaipa; ndingangokuvara chakaipa; pamberi zvakavanzika ukama; uye kana ngozi vanoratidza majoritarian zvaimunetsa.
Farber kuti ongororo nemuchovha muNew York kwaibva kudzidza ndamboudzwa Camerer et al. (1997) kuti vakashandisa nhatu dzakasiyana kurerukirwa mimwe bepa rwendo machira-paper siyana dzinoshandiswa vatyairi kunyora rwendo kutanga nguva, yokuguma, uye yokufamba. Izvi kudzidza vamba vakawana kuti vatyairi airatidzika kuva chipfuro earners: vaishanda zvishoma mazuva apo mubayiro avo vaiva yepamusoro.
Kossinets and Watts (2009) akanga rinotarisa kwakatangira homophily munzanga network. Ona Wimmer and Lewis (2010) kuti imwe nzira kune imwe dambudziko iro rinoshandisa mashoko kubva Facebook.
In unozotevera basa, Mambo uye vashandi Uyezve Akaongorora paIndaneti kusenza muna China (King, Pan, and Roberts 2014; King, Pan, and Roberts 2016) . Nokuti kufanana nzira kuyera paIndaneti kusenza muna China, ona Bamman, O'Connor, and Smith (2012) . Kuti uwane pamusoro uwandu nzira yakafanana munhu akashandiswa King, Pan, and Roberts (2013) kufungidzira naA mamiriyoni 11 mbiru, ona Hopkins and King (2010) . Kuti uwane pamusoro aitarisira kudzidza, ona James et al. (2013) (shoma hwokugadzira) uye Hastie, Tibshirani, and Friedman (2009) (more rwokugadzira).
Kufungidzira chakakura chikamu maindasitiri Data sayenzi (Mayer-Schönberger and Cukier 2013; Provost and Fawcett 2013) . Imwe mhando kufungidzira kuti anowanzonzi zvinoitwa pasocial vatsvakurudzi vari wevanotungamirira kufungidzira Somuenzaniso Raftery et al. (2012) .
Google flu Trends haasi chirongwa chokutanga kushandisa kutsvaka Data kuti nowcast yokuSpain hwakapararira. Kutaura zvazviri, vanotsvakurudza muUnited States (Polgreen et al. 2008; Ginsberg et al. 2009) uye Sweden (Hulth, Rydevik, and Linde 2009) vakaona kuti mamwe mashoko kutsvaka (semuenzaniso, "besa") vakafanotaura National pachena utano ongororo date risati akasunungurwa. Naizvozvo vazhinji, dzimwe zvirongwa vazhinji vakaedza kushandisa digitaalinen zvisaririra Data kuti chirwere zvokuongorora vasabatwa, ona Althouse et al. (2015) kuti kudzokorora.
Kuwedzera pakushandisa digitaalinen zvisaririra Data kufanotaura utano zvaitika, ndipo wakandibatsirawo hombe hwebasa achishandisa Twitter Data kufanotaura sarudzo zvaitika; nokuti nhoroondo ona Gayo-Avello (2011) , Gayo-Avello (2013) , Jungherr (2015) (Ch. 7), uye Huberty (2015) .
Kushandisa kutsvaka Data kuti vachifanotaura yokuSpain Huwandu uye kushandisa Twitter Data kufanotaura sarudzo dziri vaviri mienzaniso kushandisa digitaalinen zvisaririra vamwe mutsa kufanotaura nezvechiitiko munyika dzimwe mhando. Ikoko wakakura nhamba yezvidzidzo kuti ichi zvayo chivako. Table 2.5 rinosanganisira mimwe mienzaniso mishomanana.
Magazini PS Political Science aiva Hurukuro yokusiyirana guru data, causal inference, uye yakarongwa dzidziso, uye Clark and Golder (2015) muchidimbu mumwe mupiro. Magazini Proceedings National Academy of Sciences of United States of America aiva Hurukuro yokusiyirana causal inference uye mashoko makuru, uye Shiffrin (2016) muchidimbu mumwe mupiro.
Tichitevera dzinongoitika kuedza, Dunning (2012) chinotipa mukana wakanakisisa bhuku pakureba kurapwa. Kuti uwane pamusoro kushandisa Vietnam gwaro rotari sechinhu chokurapisa kuedza, ona Berinsky and Chatfield (2015) . Nokuti nzira muchina pakudzidza kuti vanoedza kuchinja vanoona dzinongoitika kuedza mukati guru mashoko manyuko, ona Jensen et al. (2008) uye Sharma, Hofman, and Watts (2015) .
Tichitevera enzanirana, ive netariro review, ona Stuart (2010) , uye kuti tariro ongororo ona Sekhon (2009) . Kuti uwane pamusoro chienderane sechinhu mhando kuchekerera, ona Ho et al. (2007) . Nokuti mabhuku anopa kwazvo kurapa pamusoro enzanirana, ona Rosenbaum (2002) , Rosenbaum (2009) , Morgan and Winship (2014) , uye Imbens and Rubin (2015) .


text:
Gamuchirai Muzanenhamu —
MUKUWASHA akamiswa mudare redzimhosva achipomerwa mhosva yekutukirira ambuya navatezvara vake zvose nekushungurudza mudzimai wake, zvisinei nekuti haana kana sendi reroora raakabvisa.
Mandava Muidzo akaudza dare reHarare Civil Court kuti murume wake, Ngonidzashe Chigome, ane hunhu hwakafumuka sezvo achitaura mashoko anonyadzisa pamusoro pevabereki vake.
“Changamire, murume wangu ane rushusho rusingaite. Anondirova pamberi pevana zvekuti ndinotoshaya chiremerera kune vana vangu nekuti vanenge vachingoona ndichitukwa nemashoko asina kunaka pamberi pavo,” anodaro Muidzo.
Anoenderera mberi achiti: “Chanyanyoita kuti ndiuye kuno kudare ndechekuti murume uyu haana kuroora, ndiri kuchaya mapoto. Asi anowana simba rekunditukira vabereki vangu vaasina kupa kana chinhu, ndiri kuda kuti azviregere izvozvo.”
Anoti Chigome anotuka nekurova vana vavo pasina chikonzero.
“Murume uyu anogona kungosvika mumba akatsamwa zvekuti anotanga kutuka nekuvarova pasina zvavamboita. Ndiri kuda kuti azviregedze nekuti mhuri yose tava kutoshaya mufaro pamusana pekuita kwake,” anodaro Muidzo.
Chigome haapokane nezvinotaurwa nemudzimai wake uye anokumbira ruregerero achiti: “Handirambe kuti ndinomutuka nekumurova pamwe nekutuka vabereki vake.
‘‘Ndazviona kuti ndinenge ndichikanganisa.”
Mutongi Nyasha Marufu akapa Muidzo gwaro redziviriro.


text:
- musha
- Africa
- University of Lincoln
University of Lincoln
University of Lincoln Details
- nyika : United Kingdom
- guta : Lincoln
- Acronym : Ul
- inotangwa : 1992
- Students (approx.) : 13000
- Musakanganwa kuti kurukura University of Lincoln
tsananguro
Rimwe remaguta makuru historiallinen kwenyika, Lincoln inzvimbo mapurani yekare blends pamwe miganhu chete chipenyu ano.
The University of Lincoln kembasi inowanikwa mumwoyo guta riri Brayford building. Mhiri Marina, achitevedza Brayford building, Continental kwemanyorero cafes vanowanikwa yakatarisana mvura.
Mere kwemaminitsi’ famba kure, guta centre nzvimbo Lincoln mubatanidzwa kare uye itsva, apo Tudor zvokufara tii makamuri kugunzva kunorwa bistros ano. Panguva pamusoro Lincoln kuti kumawere Hill ndiro guta racho rekare kota, kumusha chiuru makore Cathedral uye Ages Castle. Independent mabhizimisi zvinozadzisa mumigwagwa yaro cobbled, kusanganisira unyanzvi namaberere, delicatessens, zvaunganidzwa boutiques uye antiikki bhuku zvitoro.
The Fusion kare uye itsva, yekare uye wepanguva, anoita Lincoln nzvimbo inonakidza kurarama uye kudzidza.
Top Zvikonzero Kusarudza Lincoln
University inzvimbo kudzidza uye uyewo nzvimbo kutanga upenyu zvakaitika nokusika zvinokosha kuyeuka. Zviri mukana pavakaziva nezvido zvako kuvaka chivimbo pakugadzirira wakabudirira ramangwana.
Pane zvimwe zvinhu zvikuru kuenda mberi paUniversity of Lincoln. Ndiyo nzvimbo tarenda kurarama uye vadzidze uye sezvo kutanga dzidzo yako yepamusorosoro zvedzidzo ruzivo zvichagara rakaoma, inonakidza uye transformative. Tsvaka zvimwe pazasi zvikonzero zvikuru kusarudza Lincoln.
Ita ichi gore hunochinja upenyu hwako.
Innovative Teaching
The University of Lincoln kwave vakarumbidzwa Quality Assurance Agency ayo vataure pakugonesa vadzidzi’ mikana yekudzidza
Chris Packham, mumwe kushanyira kwedu mapurofesa rinotsanangura University of Lincoln sezvo “inonakidza uye staffed kubudikidza itsva vanhu.”
Kugutsikana High Student
The University of Lincoln ane mamwe kugutsikana vadzidzi muUK. Lincoln ari pamusoro rechitatu munyika nokuda mudzidzi kugutsikana sezvo yandaipuwa nokuda kwedu vadzidzi, inobva paavhareji zvibodzwa nokuda mibvunzo zvose vari National Student Survey 2015. Vanoverengeka yemazuva edu pakuva pamusoro 20% munyika muna NSS 2015, edu Psychology Courses chepamusoro 1st munyika yedu Design Courses chepamusoro 3rd.
Excellent Employment Inofadza
Mapfumbamwe kubva gumi redu zvikuru zvichangobva kudzidza vaiva nebasa kana mimwe kudzidza mwedzi mitanhatu pashure pokupedza kosi yavo, vaviri pavatatu munyika akapedza dhigiri mabasa. Lincoln pokutanga pamusoro 20 nokuti payunivhesiti tarisiro munyika dzinoverengeka pasi nzvimbo The Times uye Sunday Times Good University Guide 2016.
Nakisisa City Centre Location
Rakamiswa pedyo picturesque Brayford Pool Marina mukati mumwoyo kubudirira peguta, maminitsi mashoma 'vanofamba kubva High Street, pane pfuma muzvitoro, Restaurants uye pekugara pedyo kembasi. The University of Lincoln akanga yavose sezvavakatarirwa pamusoro 10% pamusoro UK mumayunivhesiti nokuda centralized, yakakunakira zvivako zviri Times yepamusoro kwaiitwa Student Experience Survey 2015.
kupayona Research
Lincoln vanodada kuti musha nevaongorori nyika-kutungamirira vari kuita zvikuru mipiro yavo nezvenyaya idzi. Zvakatsvakurudzwa tikwanise kuziva, zvinozivisa uye tichengetedze ruzivo. Vanopfuura hafu kutsvakurudza pasi pedyo Lincoln kumarudzi Research Excellence Pakuumbwa (neMuridzi) 2014 akatongwa kuva pose wakanakisisa kana nyika-kutungamirira (3* kana 4*) --Soro hwakawanda zvinobvira.
Cutting-kumucheto Facilities
Tava yashandiswa kupfuura £ 200 miriyoni vari kembasi hwedu imwe £ mamiriyoni 130 vanopedza akaronga mumakore gumi akatevera.
Our Brayford Pool kembasi ane zvivako akagadzirirwa penyaya-chaizvo zvinodiwa zvedu vadzidzi. Editing uye kutsikisa Inn, indasitiri-mureza inogadzirwa zvivako, Studios ano uye vakanyatsoshongedzwa Mumusangano anowanikwa avo kudzidza unyanzvi-kwakavakirwa vanotongwa, apo vadzidzi engineering kadambari kuwana mumarabhoritari, okudhindira uye ichangobva midziyo rwokugadzira. Science vadzidzi kuwana nyanzvi midziyo uye nokuveza-mupendero mumarabhoritari panguva yedu Science uye Innovation Park.
Yakasiyana Employer Links
The University of Lincoln azivikanwa zvakaisvonaka pakudzidzisa uye kudzidza kuburikidza yaro kupayona nzira kushanda indasitiri. Ukama hwedu nemamwe mapoka akadai Siemens uye muLincolnshire Co-op tichiratidza dzaungagona indasitiri-kuroorana kusvika. Izvi kwave kubvumwa kuburikidza Ishe Stafford Award uye Times Higher Education Award.
Great Visiting Pfungwa
Pamwe nyika yedu-kirasi emushandi, vamwe wakanakisisa nevafungi muminda yavo vanouya Lincoln kuti anunure kurudziro hurukuro yedu vadzidzi senzira Pfungwa dzedu Great kushanyira lecturers chirongwa. Past vakurukuri dzinosanganisira John Hurt, Chris Packham, Jason Bradbury, Dallas Campbell, Abbie Hutty, John Bercow MP, Dame Carol Ann Duffy, Steve inopedzisira yaparara, Angela Rippon, Purofesa Ishe Robert Winston uye Carl Djerassi.
Lincoln ari Great Visitor Destination
Lincoln azivikanwa somumwe maguta makuru historiallinen kwenyika, yokukwezva mazana ezviuru zvevashanyi gore negore pamusoro nyika kubva zvose. With zvayo Ages Castle uye mumwe wakanakisisa machechi muEurope, Lincoln rakakosha munhau.
Lincoln rave ainzi somumwe Britain 20 Best Cities in 2016 nokuda Telegraph. Lincoln wakakurumbira cobbled kumawere Hill akanga anonziwo mumwe akanakisisa migwagwa muBritain pedyo Daily Telegraph, sezvo zvamboshandiswa ainzi Britain Best Street kubudikidza Academy of Urbanism.
Schools / mumakoreji / madhipatimendi / Courses / mano
College of Art
The College of Arts inozviita kutsvakurudza, uye ane zvakawanda Rokutenderwa uye dhigirii madhigirii. The kukoreji zvakare kumusha sairini FM, nzanga yeredhiyo inobva kuyunivhesiti iyo dzeredhiyo kuguta Lincoln pamusoro 107.3 FM uye website yayo.
School of Architecture & patani
The chikoro kunobva mukati Art, Architecture uye Design Building.
School of Chirungu & kutapa nokunyora nhau
The School of Chirungu & Nhau iri abvumirwa nokuda BJTC, kuiita munyika vakaziva nzira pakati achitungamirira broadcasters, kusanganisira BBC, ITV, mugero 4 andSky News. The School kwakaita tsvakurudzo Profile zvinosanganisira unyanzvi muna Shakespeare uye vaairarama, ari Victorian kutekenyedzwa yokufungidzira, 21there Century ingano, vakadzi nhau, uye rugare nhau.
School of Film & Media
The School of Film & Media chakabereka mukurumbira simba sungano pamatafura ayo BA uye MA Media Production madhigirii. It achangobva upgraded rayo terevhizheni Studios yakakwirira tsananguro uye The Lincoln Sound Theatre yakavhurwa 2010 kuburikidza yekushanyirana Professor Trevor Dann. Recently ari BA Hons Audio Production kosi vaakagamuchira JAMES Accreditation (Joint Audio Media Education Support).
School of Fine & Performing Arts
School of History & Heritage
Lincoln musha chikuru muzinda kuchengetedza uye kudzorerwa kudzidza muUK. The chikoro zvakare kumusha Crick Smith, yeYunivhesiti kuchengetedza Consultancy iyo inozviita zvirongwa nemakasitoma kusanganisira Historic Royal nhare uye Victoria uye Albert Museum.
College of Science
School of Chemistry
School of Computer Science
The School of Computer Science chinobatanidza zvakawanda mune kadambari michina uye ruzivo nehurongwa, kusanganisira specialisms vari robotics uye zvionera nehurongwa, zvakaratidzwa kombiyuta uye mufananidzo mapurani, dzokurapa mafomu zvigadzirwa, mumagariro kadambari, mitambo kadambari, nemagariro kadambari bhizimusi kadambari.
School of Engineering
buri 2011, vari kubatsirana pamwe Siemens, Chikoro pakati Engineering akava michina chikoro wokutanga akasikwa ari UK kweanopfuura 20 makore. The School iri muNzvimbo chinangwa-akavaka Engineering Hub, ichi chivako chine Rokutenderwa uye dhigirii mharidzo dzemitambo, semina makamuri, kudzidzisa uye chirongwa mumarabhoritari. Pamusoro pe, tsvakurudzo mumarabhoritari, injini uye gasi turbine nekuongororwa zvivako uye muzvidzidzo.
chivako, rikagadzirwa London Architects dzairwisa uye Morrison zvichikonzerwa refu akamira pakubatsirana nesimba pakati University of Lincoln uye Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Lincoln. Siemens kunge mushandirapamwe iri yavo Zvivako chigadzirwa chokurovedza tsika akagadzirirwa munzvimbo mukati vakai, izvi cemented kwamadzimai Siemens uye University of Lincoln vose pakudzidzisa uye kutsvakurudza muminda engineering zhinji.
School of Life Science
School of Mathematics & Physics
The School wemasvomhu uye Physics ndiye ichangoburwa zvedzidzo chikoro kubatana University of Lincoln. Wemasvomhu makosi mukati chikoro vave abvumirwa kubudikidza Institute of masvomhu uye zvayo Applications uye wefizikisi makosi vari kuzivikanwa Institute of Physics muna April 2016.
School of Pharmacy
The School of Pharmacy rine BSc Pharmaceutical Sciences, MPharm chirongwa uye zvakawanda dhigirii tsvakurudzo mikana. The yechikoro muNzvimbo Joseph Banks Laboratories. Tenzi Pharmacy (MPharm) progamme ari provisionally abvumirwa neDare General Pharmaceutical Council.
National Centre nokuti Food Manufacturing
Lincoln Institute for Health
The Lincoln Institute for Health (LIH) ndiyo yunivhesiti-paupamhi multidisciplinary tsvakurudzo kubatsirana Linking zvikoro, mumakoreji uye kwokunze vadyidzani kuferefeta dzakakosha hanya utano, munzanga neraramo hwakanaka vachishandisa 'muchitokisi kuti vemunharaunda' kusvika.
College of Social Science
The College of Social Science ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose College payunivhesiti pamwe siyana kudzidzisa zvokutsvakurudza zvido.
Business School
School of Education
School of Health & Social Care
The School of Health & Social Care musha-siyana nenyanzvi abvumirwa makosi ukoti uye munzanga basa uyewo yaro vocationally akatarisa Health uye Social Care dhigirii. The School zvakare kumusha Professional Development Centre iyo inopa nyanzvi kukura zvirongwa, Consultancy kuzvipatara uye pakubatsirana Zvakarurama tsvakurudzo.
Law School
Mutemo School ari vibran zvedzidzo munharaunda iro rinobatanidza yepamusoro dzidziso, kunoshamisa tsvakurudza uye muzvimwe zvinoitwa.
School of Psychology
The School of Psychology inopa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana zvose Rokutenderwa uye dhigirii zvirongwa. The BSc Psychology kosi ari abvumirwa neDare British Psychological Society.
School of Social & Political Sciences
Rinotaura zvakawanda nokuranga, kusanganisira kwemhosva, zvematongerwo enyika, International Relations, Wemagariro evanhu uye Social Policy. Kubva mukati meimba Bridge House.
School of Sport & Exercise Science
History
The University of Lincoln yakatanga kubva anoverengeka masangano dzidzo munyika Hull kusanganisira Hull School of Art (1861), ari Hull Technical Institute (1893), yeRoma mudzidzisi-Kurovedza Endsleigh College (1905), ari Hull Central College of Commerce (1930), uye Kingston pamusoro Hull College of Education (1913). masangano aya akabatanidzwa ari 1976 kuumba Hull College Yepamusoro Education, aine kuchinja zita kuti Humberside College Yepamusoro Education mu 1983 kana takabatikana makosi akawanda mune hove, chikafu uye pakugadzira vachishandisa Grimsby.
mu 1992 zvakanga mumwe zhinji masangano ari UK kuva zvizere mumayunivhesiti sezvo, zvishoma, ari University of Humberside, kukura 13,000 vadzidzi kubudikidza 1993.
The Church Guta Lincoln rakanga pasina pachavo yunivhesiti yacho, saka University of Humberside akavingwa kuva kembasi itsva rwezasi rwamavirazuva rweguta centre, yakatarisana Brayford Pool. The yunivhesiti Yakazopiwa zita rokuti University of muLincolnshire uye Humberside muna January 1996, uchiwana yaro yokutanga 500 Lincoln vadzidzi September 1996, takananga kukura kusvika munenge 4,000 Lincoln kwakavakirwa vadzidzi mumakore mana.
Nomumwe kuchinja zita kuna University of Lincoln muna October 2001, mumwe kembasi itsva yakavakwa Lincoln. Yunivhesiti vakatamira huru kembasi wayo kubva Hull kuna Lincoln muna 2002.
Rakazaruka Queen Elizabeth II, yeYunivhesiti huru kembasi muna Lincoln aiva wokutanga idzva peguta kembasi ichavakirwa muUK kwemakumi emakore. Kupfuura £ mamiriyoni 150 kwave paakapiwa muna Brayford Pool pazvivako, kuchinja guta centre brownfield paIndaneti, unotipa simba nzvimbo uye yokukwezva mari kubva chitoro, yokufaranuka uye pfuma sectors. Nezvoupfumi vanofungidzira kuti yunivhesiti akasika kanenge 3,000 mabasa matsva mukati Lincoln uye kuti zvinowanisa kupfuura £ mamiriyoni 250 gore negore yokwaanogara upfumi - doubling yapfuura omunharaunda zvoupfumi kukura prices.
The nenzvimbo raisanganisira University of Lincoln kwokuwana Leicester anotsanangura zvikoro De Montfort University muna muLincolnshire: ari Lincoln School of Art uye Design mune pamukwidza Lincoln, uye muLincolnshire School nzvimbo Agriculture pana Riseholme, Caythorpe uye Holbeach. Caythorpe akazoonana yakavharwa zvachose uye mabasa ayo vakatamira Riseholme. Courses rakaitirwa Grimsby vakanga vatamira Lincoln kumativi nguva ino.
mu 2012 zvose Uyezve Education gadziriro hwakatamiswa kubva Riseholme a Bishop Burton College. zvino Bishop Burton College vane mutoro Riseholme College kuchamhembe kweguta.
Mumazana mushakabvu-kuma1990, nzvimbo yunivhesiti muna Hull vakanga dzinokwanisa scaled pasi sezvo pfungwa zvava akananga Lincoln. mu 2001 izvi akanga atora danho apo chisarudzo chakaitwa kutama kumuzinda administrative uye kutarisirwa kuna Lincoln uye kutengesa Cottingham Road pazvivako muna Hull, aimbova huru pazvivako, kuti muvakidzani wayo, Yunivhesiti Hull; nzvimbo yacho zvino kumba Hull York Medical School. kusvikira 2012 yunivhesiti yakaramba kembasi duku, Derek Crothall ari Building, muna Hull peguta. A maduku kembasi uye mudzidzi dzimba musi Beverley Road, Hull, vakanga kutengeswa redevelopment.
On 28 Gumiguru 2004, kutevera redevelopment kwayo sezvo nyanzvi chikafu sayenzi Michina Park, National Centre Zvokudya Manufacturing pana Holbeach yakavhurwazve naJohane Hayes, nhengo yeparamende nokuda South Holland uye Deepings.
Unoda kurukura University of Lincoln ? chero mubvunzo, Mashoko kana wongororo
Share ichi chinobatsira Info neshamwari dzako
University of Lincoln wongororo
Join kukurukura pamusoro University of Lincoln.
Ndapota onai: EducationBro Magazine unokupa kugona kuverenga Info pamusoro mumayunivhesiti pa 96 mitauro, asi tinokukumbirai kuremekedza vamwe nhengo uye kusiya mashoko ari Chirungu.


text:
Dharani zvinoreva zita rakanaka: Kunyatsoteerera, Kushanda, Kupa, Chakakomba, Haikwanisi. Tora Dharani zvinoreva zita.
Dhar zvakanakisisa zita rezita rinoreva: Kushanda, Lucky, Kunyatsoteerera, Kusika, Chakakomba. Tora Dhar zvinoreva zvezita rezita.
Zita rekupedzisira Dhar rinowanzoshandiswa Bhangiradheshi. Tora Dhar pazita rekuparadzira.
Mazita akawanda anowanzozivikanwa nezita Dharani: Dharani, Kumar, Dharu, Yerasi, Gunasekaran. Tora Runyoro rwezita rine zita Dharani.
Mazita akawanda anozivikanwa ane zita rekutanga Dhar: Sourabh, Shirsendu, Vinod Kumar, Shubhajit, Giri. Tora Mazita anoenda ne Dhar.
Kubatana kwe Dharani uye Dhar is 85%. Tora Kubatana kwe Dharani uye Dhar.


text:
- Home
- Africa
- Moscow Power Engineering Institute
Moscow Power Engineering Institute
Moscow Power Engineering Institute Details
- nyika : Russian Federation
- guta : Moscow
- Acronym : MPEI
- inotangwa : 1930
- Students (approx.) : 2000
- Musakanganwa kuti discuss Moscow Power Engineering Institute
tsananguro
MPEI anorovedza ari bachelors, Masters uye Nyanzvi (mainjiniya) mu 15 mirayiridzo uye 73 specialties.National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute” ndiye kubva guru michina mumayunivhesiti yeRussia. It anotidzidzisa ari nyanzvi uye kuongorora kwesayenzi pasango akasimba, magetsi ouinjiniya, redhiyo Electronics, kombiyuta ouinjiniya.
MPEI ane dzimba ano rokudzidzisa, rokudzidza uye zvesayenzi mumarabhoritari, vadzidzi 'hostels, ari experimental zvivako simba, mutyairi-chirimwa, ane zvedzidzo-tsvakurudzo kupisa uye simba chirimwa, imwe yunivhesiti hwokugadzira paki.
Total dzingaparwe nzvimbo iri 262450 m2 Vadzidzi kunopfuura 15000 vanhu. Annual vadzidzi 'nekugamuchirwa riri pamusoro 3000 vanhu. Nhamba Ph.D.-vadzidzi uye Dr. Sci. musarudzo iri 620 vanhu. Nhamba renguva pamwero vadzidzisi ndiko 1560 vanhu. kubva kwavari 17% vane Dr. Sci. madhigirii uye azere muzvinafundo mazita, uye 56% vane Ph.D. madhigirii.
MPEI anorovedza ari bachelors, Masters uye Nyanzvi (mainjiniya) mu 15 mirayiridzo uye 73 unyanzvi.
18 Zvidzidzo Makanzuru vari kuita MPEI. The Ph.D. uye Dr. Sci. zvichemo inogona akadzivirira panguva yepurogiramu ramakurukota muna 43 unyanzvi.
MPEI ndiye marezinesi kumupa zvinotevera madhigirii (zvinodiwa) kuti kudzidza pamwe akadzika nehurumende zvitupa Russian:
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Bachelor of Science (dzidzo chinguva ndiyo 4 makore)
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vaipupurirwa nyanzvi (injiniya, Economist, Manager etc.) (Education nguva iri 1,5 Makore pashure Bachelor kosi)
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Tenzi Science (dzidzo chinguva ndiyo 2 Makore pashure Bachelor kosi)
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uzivi Doctor (mukugadzirwa, mumuviri-akarongeka, upfumi sainzi) (dzidzo chinguva ndiyo 3 makore)
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Doctor of Sciences (mukugadzirwa, mumuviri-akarongeka, sayenzi zvoupfumi) (dzidzo chinguva ndiyo 3 makore)
Zvimwe MPEI zvivako:
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MPEI raibhurari, iyo bhuku racho Fund kunosanganisira pedyo 2.000.000 mabhuku;
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hostel dzakaoma nokuti 5.000 vanhu;
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polyclinic nokuti vadzidzi: amburenzi chiteshi, chiremba pava- 'dzimba, kombiyuta chirwere centre, pachipatara pacho-preventorium vadzidzi (120 nzvimbo);
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Sport dzakaoma: nhandare “simba”, gymnastic dzimba, Dzimba kurovedza chaiyo zvikamu, Tennis matare, duhwino, pfungwa nokuti zvemitambo michina leasing;
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Students 'varaidzo zvigadziko: Mitambo-musasa “Alushta” , Mitambo-musasa “simba”;
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siyana nezvigadziko maindasitiri tsika kuti vadzidzi;
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Students 'patani Bureau;
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Imba Culture vane dzimba dzakawanda, vakaparadzana kwakavakirwa nokuti zvikamu uye mapoka maduku, nokuti vadzidzi zororo manheru, nokuti kupemberera kumitambo National vadzidzi vatorwa MPEI nevamwe Moscow mumayunivhesiti;
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vadzidzi 'Datenroku, chikafu nzvimbo.
Schools / mumakoreji / madhipatimendi / Courses / Faculties
- Classical applied institute.
- Institute of automatics and computer science.
- Institute of energy effectiveness problems.
- Radio engineering and electronics institute.
- Thermal and atomic power engineering institute.
- Institute of technology, economics and enterprise.
- Electrical engineering institute.
- Power industry institute.
- Power mechanical engineering and mechanics institute.
- Faculty of access courses.
- Institute of humanities.
- Institute of industry education “MPEI-FESTO”.
- Institute of industry safety.
Unoda discuss Moscow Power Engineering Institute ? chero mubvunzo, Mashoko kana wongororo
Moscow Power Engineering Institute on Map
Share ichi chinobatsira Info neshamwari dzako
Moscow Power Engineering Institute reviews
Join to discuss of Moscow Power Engineering Institute.
Ndapota onai: EducationBro Magazine unokupa kugona kuverenga Info pamusoro mumayunivhesiti pa 96 mitauro, asi tinokukumbirai kuremekedza vamwe nhengo uye kusiya mashoko ari Chirungu.


text:
Rimwe zuva pashure zhizha rava pamutemo atanga kuchamhembe hemisphere, tiri kudada kupa shanduro 0.7.5 pamusoro plugin yedu. Shanduro iyi rinowedzera rutsigiro mitauro mitsva kuti zvakaziviswa sezvo rinotsigirwa nhasi Google Translate – ChiBengali, ChiGujarati, ChiKannada, Tamil uye Telugu.
Asati anomhanyira kuwedzera avo mitauro kuti Blog renyu, ndapota kuyeuchidzwa kuti mitauro ungashandisa ajax Marshal kuti kushanda nemazvo, izvo zvinoreva kuti kusika mutoro pamusoro Server kwenyu pamusoro wokutanga kusangana itsva tambo (kumanikidza kuti tinochera shanduro kubva Google). Saka sarudzo ndeyako, asi makanzi nezvokudzokera…
Uyezve zvimwe Shanduro iyi rinowedzera kusarudza kwete kudarika ari default Nzvimbo pamwe default mutauro Transposh raMwari, maitiro ichi (chitsva 0.7.4) akabvumira MU vanoishandisa kuti arun mapeji mumutauro wavo, asi Ukuwo zvausingafariri vanoshandisa kuti aida kushandisa nzvimbo mune mumwe mutauro pane default yavo, saka zvino izvi configurable.
Takavawo hwakavandudzika rokushandura UI, chinotevera uye yapfuura mabhatani zvino kunze kuchinja kuitwa, uye nhaurirano haangazozikamwi kuzodzosera zvakatinakira pamusoro nekudzvanya mabhatani aya.
Tinovimba zvauchasangana kunakirwa shanduro iyi.


text:
Alenka zvinoreva zita rakanaka: Unyanzvi, Kupa, Kunyatsoteerera, Kusika, Kunyanya. Tora Alenka zvinoreva zita.
Macek zvakanakisisa zita rezita rinoreva: Ushamwari, Chakakomba, Kunyatsoteerera, Unyanzvi, Unofara. Tora Macek zvinoreva zvezita rezita.
Alenka tsime rezita rokutanga. Slovene diminutive of Alena. Tora Alenka tsime rezita rokutanga.
Macek yakabva. Derived from the name Macek, a diminutive of Matej. Tora Macek yakabva.
Zita rekupedzisira Macek rinowanzoshandiswa Sirovhinyiya. Tora Macek pazita rekuparadzira.
Inonyanya kutaurwa ye Alenka munyika dzakasiyana siyana nemitauro: Alena, Duci, Elaina, Elaine, Elen, Elena, Elene, Eleni, Eli, Elīna, Eliina, Elin, Elina, Ella, Elle, Ellen, Ellie, Elly, Hélène, Helēna, Heléna, Heleen, Heleena, Heleentje, Helen, Helena, Helene, Heli, Hellen, Ileana, Ilinca, Jelena, Jeļena, Léan, Leena, Lena, Lene, Leni, Lenka, Lenuța, Linn, Madailéin, Madalena, Mădălina, Madalyn, Maddalena, Maddie, Maddy, Madelaine, Madeleine, Madelina, Madeline, Madelon, Madelyn, Madilyn, Madlyn, Madoline, Magali, Magalie, Magda, Magdaléna, Magdalen, Magdalena, Magdalene, Magdalina, Magdolna, Maialen, Malena, Malene, Malin, Matleena, Nell, Nelle, Nellie, Nelly, Olena, Shelena, Yelena. Tora Alenka mune dzimwe mitauro.
Mazita akawanda anowanzozivikanwa nezita Alenka: Macek. Tora Runyoro rwezita rine zita Alenka.
Mazita akawanda anozivikanwa ane zita rekutanga Macek: Asha, Carl, Marek, Catrice, John. Tora Mazita anoenda ne Macek.
Kubatana kwe Alenka uye Macek is 78%. Tora Kubatana kwe Alenka uye Macek.


text:
matenga
Ladders, huni
Ladders simbi
nheyo kongiri
zvokuvakisa
Fenzi, masvingo, pamapuriro
dzokurwa
Mavhoriyamu uye kukwanisa
mwe
About
Kutevera kuvakwa imba puranga yandiri kugara nomubvunzo Masvomhu uwandu zvokuvakisa kana ngaaverenge kukura chikamu magadzirirwo.
Kutema puranga, matanda kana zvimwe matanda kuti basa rokuvaka - sezvo inodiwa masvingo kana pasi?
Heaters dzinodawo kugara kukarukureta. Lovemore ichi chicherwa shinda, furo kana zvimwe kuputira.
Sezvo Ndakanyorera, magadzirirwo imba marangwanda uye kuputira wangu zvinhu Ndinoshandisa nokuda kuputira, kwete chete pasi uye denga, uye masvingo.
Roofing - mumwe nyaya. Pedenga reimba zvakaoma yangu maumbirwo, overenga uwandu shingles zvesimbi kana zvimwe kuzvinhu zvokuvakisa chakaoma. Uye achiri zvakafanira kufunga dongo kuzvinhu. Uye pane imba kwemakore akawanda ane padenga denga remba.
Mumwaka unotevera achange kutarisana masvingo. Uyewo vaiona pachake kubatana, nemhute chipingamupinyi ...
Munhu aiziva chikoro nemasvomhu Chokwadi, Masvomhu aya hakuzovi kwakaoma. Tora pepa uye karukureta, yeuka yemaitiro, tarisa vaviri nguva ... Uye tarisa ...
Kuti udzivise kukanganisa akanyahwaira hwakazara zvisingakoshi mari vari Masvomhu. On zvekufambisa, kana uine chimwe chinhu kutenga zvimwe, kana vakutarisire pasi akawandisa, nyore basa harisi kunaka chaizvo uye zvichingodaro.
Saka akaberekwa pfungwa kupfuura dzose Masvomhu aya pamapfudzi zvirongwa kuti wose ichataura uye kuzochera mufanidzo.
Uye kupfuura kukosha - ukasakanganisa! Pashure pezvose, mutengo kukundikana hahusvikirwi paivakwa.
Ndinovimba kuti basa rangu chichabatsira vaya vari kuvaka imba nemaoko ake uye mainjiniya-vavaki.


text:
Pezvikonzero gibberish tiri pazasi:
1.The mamiriro baud zvazvingava, date matomu, cheki ikakurumaA hadzina vachiwirirana pakati Serial mudziyo upi convert yedu.
2. Hardware
Serial TTL RS232 RS485, zvakasiyana pamwero mhando, haagoni kwakabatana zvakananga. Vanofanira kutendeuka Via 232 kana 485 chip. Hazvina kunaka kubatanidza TTL kuti PC kubva PC ndiye RS232 chechetere. Besies, dzisina yakagadzirwa Hardware achaunza chipingaidzo ipapo kukonzera kupera kukurukurirana. Kana usingakwanisi musimbise ndeipi dambudziko, hazvibatanidzi kuburikidza nokutumira uye kugamuchira.
- Itai mudziyo uye kombiyuta kukurukura zvakananga, uye akaisa mwero baud uye zvichingodaro sewe kunzwisisa. Ona kana inoshanda zvakanaka.
- Patsanura mudziyo wako uye module uye pfupi RXD uye TXD. Zvadaro tuma mugamuchire vachishandisa Indaneti kuona mashoko.
- Patsanura mudziyo wako uye module uye pfupi RXD uye TXD. Zvadaro tuma, vanogamuchira vachishandisa kombiyuta kuongorora nekubata.