text:
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Bhaibheri repaIndaneti
SHANDURO YENYIKA ITSVA YEMAGWARO MATSVENE
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
11 Zvino pakutanga kwegore,+ panguva yaienda madzimambo kunorwa,+ Dhavhidhi akatuma Joabhi nevashandi vake vaaiva navo nevaIsraeri vose, kuti vaparadze vanakomana vaAmoni+ uye vakombe Rabha,+ Dhavhidhi paaigara muJerusarema.
2 Panguva yemanheru Dhavhidhi akamuka pamubhedha wake, akafamba-famba pamusoro pedenga reimba+ yamambo; uye ari pamusoro pedenga reimba akaona+ mumwe mukadzi achigeza, uye mukadzi wacho aiva nechitarisiko chakanaka kwazvo.+
3 Dhavhidhi akabva atumira shoko, akabvunza nezvomukadzi wacho,+ mumwe munhu akati: “Haasi Bhati-shebha+ mwanasikana waEriyamu,+ mudzimai waUriya+ muHiti+ here?”
4 Pashure paizvozvo Dhavhidhi akatumira nhume kuti iye amutore.+ Naizvozvo akapinda maaiva,+ akarara naye,+ paakanga achizvichenesa pakusachena kwake.+ Gare gare iye akadzokera kumba kwake.
5 Zvino mukadzi wacho akava nepamuviri. Naizvozvo akatumira shoko, akaudza Dhavhidhi kuti: “Ndava nepamuviri.”
6 Dhavhidhi akabva atumira shoko kuna Joabhi, achiti: “Nditumire Uriya muHiti.” Naizvozvo Joabhi akatumira Uriya kuna Dhavhidhi.
7 Uriya paakasvika kwaari, Dhavhidhi akabvunza kuti Joabhi akanga akadini uye kuti vanhu vakanga vakadini uye kuti kurwa kwakanga kwakadini.
8 Dhavhidhi akazoti kuna Uriya: “Enda kumba kwako, ugeze tsoka dzako.”+ Naizvozvo Uriya akabuda mumba mamambo, chipo chomutsa chamambo chikamutevera.
9 Zvisinei, Uriya akarara pasuo reimba yamambo nevamwe vashandi vose vashe wake, uye haana kuenda kumba kwake.
10 Naizvozvo vakaudza Dhavhidhi, vachiti: “Uriya haana kuenda kumba kwake.” Dhavhidhi akabva ati kuna Uriya: “Hauna kubva parwendo here? Nei usina kuenda kumba kwako?”
11 Uriya akati kuna Dhavhidhi: “Areka+ nevaIsraeri nevaJudha vari kugara mumatumba, ishe wangu Joabhi nevashandi vashe+ wangu vakadzika musasa pakatarisana nesango, zvino ini—ndingaenda kumba kwangu kuti ndidye, ndinwe uye ndirare nomudzimai wangu here?+ Noupenyu hwenyu uye nomweya wenyu mupenyu,+ handisi kuzoita chinhu ichi!”
12 Dhavhidhi akabva ati kuna Uriya: “Garazve pano nhasi, mangwana ndichakurega uchienda.” Naizvozvo Uriya akagara muJerusarema zuva iroro nezuva raitevera racho.
13 Dhavhidhi akamushevedzazve kuti adye nokunwa pamberi pake. Naizvozvo akamudhakisa.+ Zvisinei, akabuda manheru kuti anorara pamubhedha wake nevashandi vashe wake, uye haana kuenda kumba kwake.
14 Zvino mangwanani Dhavhidhi akanyorera Joabhi tsamba,+ akaitumira noruoko rwaUriya.
15 Naizvozvo akanyora mutsamba yacho, achiti:+ “Isai Uriya pamberi panorwiwa zvakanyanya,+ imi mudzoke shure kwake, iye abayiwe, afe.”+
16 Zvino Joabhi paakanga achirinda guta, akaita kuti Uriya arambe ari panzvimbo yaaiziva kuti yaiva nevarume vakashinga.+
17 Varume veguta racho pavakabuda, vakarwisa Joabhi, vamwe vanhu, ivo vashandi vaDhavhidhi vakafa, uye Uriya muHiti akafawo.+
18 Zvino Joabhi akabva atumira shoko kuti audze Dhavhidhi nyaya dzose dzehondo.
19 Akarayira nhume yacho, achiti: “Paunongopedza kutaurira mambo nezvenyaya dzose dzehondo,
20 kana mambo akashatirwa akati kwauri, ‘Manga muchienderei kunorwa muri pedyo kwazvo neguta racho? Manga musingazivi here kuti vaizopfura vari pamusoro porusvingo?
21 Ndiani akauraya Abhimereki+ mwanakomana waJerubhesheti?+ Haasi mukadzi akakanda huyo pamusoro pake+ ari pamusoro porusvingo zvokuti akafira kuTebhezi here?+ Manga muchienderei pedyo kwazvo norusvingo?’ iwe utiwo, ‘Mushandi wenyu Uriya muHiti afawo.’”+
22 Naizvozvo nhume yacho yakasvika, ikaudza Dhavhidhi zvose zvayakanga yatumwa naJoabhi.
23 Nhume yacho ikati kuna Dhavhidhi: “Varume vacho vatikunda, zvokuti vabuda kuzotirwisa musango; asi taramba tichivadzingirira kusvikira pasuo regedhi chaipo.
24 Vapfuri varamba vachipfura vashandi venyu vari pamusoro porusvingo,+ zvokuti vamwe vashandi vamambo vafa; nomushandi wenyu Uriya muHiti afawo.”+
25 Dhavhidhi akabva ati kunhume yacho: “Unoti kuna Joabhi, ‘Nyaya iyi ngairege kukunetsa, nokuti bakatwa rinoparadza+ uyu kana uyo. Rwisa guta racho zvakanyanya uriputse.’+ Iwe umukurudzire.”
26 Zvino mudzimai waUriya akanzwa kuti Uriya murume wake akanga afa, akatanga kuungudza+ pamusoro pomurume wake.+
27 Nguva yokuchema+ payakanga yapfuura, Dhavhidhi akabva atumira shoko, akamuendesa kumba kwake, akava mudzimai wake.+ Kwapera nguva yakati, akamuberekera mwanakomana, asi chinhu chakanga chaitwa naDhavhidhi chaiva chakaipa+ kuna Jehovha.+
Tumirawo vamwe
Tumirawo vamwe
2 Samueri 11
Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yeMagwaro Matsvene
https://www.jw.org/finder?docid=1011452&Book=10&Chapter=11&wtlocale=CA&srcid=share
Shona
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text: The North American Aviation T-6 Texan aiva chete-injini yepamusoro anodzidzisa ndege inoshandiswa kudzidzisa vezvikepe kuUnited States Army Air Forces, United States Navy, Royal Air Force nemamwe masimba mhepo weBritish Commonwealth muHondo Yenyika II uye kupinda 1950 vake. Rikagadzirwa North America Aviation, The T-6 anozivikanwa siyana mazita zvichienderana muenzaniso uye kushanda mhepo simba. The USAAC akasarudzwa sezvamakaudzwa "AT-6", US Navy ari "SNJ", uye British Commonwealth mhepo mauto, weHarvard, zita riri zvakanakisisa kuzivikanwa kunze United States. Ichingova warbird yakakurumbira ndege.

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text:
SWEDERA PEDYO NAMWARI
“Jehovha Akakukanganwirai Nomwoyo Wose”
“Munhu asingakanganwiri vamwe akafanana nemunhu ari kupaza zambuko raari kufanira kuyambuka naro.” Mashoko aya akataurwa naEdward Herbert, munyori wezvakaitika kare wekuBritain, akararama mumakore okuma1600 achiratidza kuti chimwe chezvikonzero nei tichifanira kukanganwira vamwe ndechokuti, tichazodawo kukanganwirwa nevamwe. (Mateu 7:12) Asi pane chimwe chikonzero chinotonyanya kukosha chokuti tikanganwire vamwe. Ona mashoko omuapostora Pauro ari pana VaKorose 3:13.—Verenga.
Nemhaka yokuti tose tine chivi, pane dzimwe nguva tinombogumbura vamwe uye vanotigumburawo. (VaRoma 3:23) Tingava sei norugare nevamwe vanhu vane chivi sesu? Afemerwa naMwari, Pauro akapa zano rokuti tive nomwoyo murefu uye tikanganwirane. Zano iri rakanyorwa makore 2 000 akapfuura asi richiri kushanda chaizvo nanhasi. Ngatimbonyatsoongororai mashoko aPauro.
“Rambai muchishivirirana.” Mashoko okuti “rambai muchishivirira” anobva mushoko rechiGiriki rinoreva mwoyo murefu. Rimwe duramanzwi rinoti vaKristu vanoita izvi kupfurikidza “nokutsungirira zvinoitwa nevaya vane unhu hunovagumbura.” Shoko rokuti “muchishivirirana” rinoratidza kuti tose tinofanira kuva nemwoyo murefu. Saka kana tikayeuka kuti nesu tinogumburawo vamwe, zvichaita kuti tichengetedze rugare pasinei nokuti vamwe vanoita zvatisingafariri. Asi zvakadini kana vamwe vakatitadzira?
‘Rambai muchikanganwirana nomwoyo wose.’ Maererano neimwe nyanzvi, shoko rechiGiriki rakashandurwa kuti “kanganwirai nomwoyo wose,” “handiro rinonyanya kushandiswa kureva kukanganwira . . . asi rinoreva zvinopfuura izvozvo, richisimbisa nyasha dzinoratidzwa pakukanganwira kwacho.” Rimwe bhuku rinoti shoko iri rinogona kureva “kuita zvakanaka, zvinofadza, uye zvinobatsira.” Tinoratidza nyasha patinokanganwira vamwe nokuzvidira kunyange kana tiine “chikonzero chokunyunyutira mumwe.” Saka nei tichifanira kukanganwira vamwe nokuzvidira? Nekuti pasina nguva, tingazodawo kukanganwirwa nemunhu watakambokanganwira.
“Jehovha zvaakakukanganwirai nomwoyo wose, imiwo itai saizvozvo.” Chikonzero chikuru nei tichifanira kukanganwira vamwe ndechokuti, Jehovha Mwari anotikanganwira nomwoyo wose. (Mika 7:18) Chimbofunga nezvenyasha dzinoratidzirwa naJehovha kuvatadzi vanopfidza. Jehovha haatadzi sezvatinoita. Asi, nokuzvidira anokanganwira zvachose vatadzi vanopfidza kunyange zvazvo achiziva kuti hapana paanozoda kukanganwirwa nevatadzi vacho. Chokwadi, Jehovha ndiye muenzaniso wakanaka wokukanganwira vatadzi vanopfidza!
Jehovha ndiye muenzaniso wakanaka wokukanganwira vatadzi vanopfidza!
Ngoni dzaJehovha dzinotiita kuti tiswedere pedyo naye uye tinzwe tichida kumutevedzera. (VaEfeso 4:32–5:1) Saka tinofanira kuzvibvunza kuti, ‘Kana Jehovha achindikanganwira nenyasha, iniwo ndingazotadza sei kukanganwira vamwe vanenge vanditadzira uye vapfidza zvechokwadi?’—Ruka 17:3, 4.
Ndima dzeBhaibheri dzamunogona kuverenga muna October
VaGaratiya 1-6; VaEfeso 1-6; VaFiripi 1-4; VaKorose 1-4; 1 VaTesaronika 1-5; 2 VaTesaronika 1-3; 1 Timoti 1-6–2 Timoti 1-4


text:
Muutambo wenhabvu wePremier Soccer League pakati peGunners ne Dynamos wange uchifanirwa kutambwa kunhandare yerufaro nhasi masikati hauna kuzoenderera mberi sezvo Gunners ichiti yange isiri kufara nezvekunzwa nezvemutambo uyu mumabepa nhau zvaita kuti vashaye nguva yegadziriro yakakwana.
Mutambo uyu mutambo wakambomiswa muna kubvumbi apo dynamos isina kuwuya kuzotamba nyaya yacho ikazokwidzwa kudisciplinary committee iyo yakazoti mutambo uyu utambwe nhasi.
Team manager ve Gunners vaWellington Mpandare vanoti vabvumirana neDynamos kuti mutambo utambwe neSvondo kuRufaro.
VaMpandare vanoti chikwata chavo chiri panzvimbo yechina mugungano rePremier Soccer League uye vachatamba mutambo wavo vanetarisiro yekuwana zvibodzwa kuti vapedze mwaka uno vari pamusoro kubva pachidzvimbo ichi.


text:
Nei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvakachinja Zvimwe Zvazvaitenda?
Kana paine zvinofanira kugadziridzwa pamanzwisisirwo emagwaro, hatifaniri kushamiswa nazvo. Pane zvimwe zviitiko zvinotaurwa muBhaibheri, vanamati vaMwari vaitofanirawo kugadzirisa maonero avo.
Nei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingaiti Zvematongerwo Enyika?
Zvine mwoyo wokuda kuzopandukira hurumende here?
Zvatinotenda
Ndezvipi Zvinotendwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha?
Inzwa muchidimbu zvinhu 15 zvatinotenda.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinotenda Muna Jesu Here?
Ona kuti sei kutenda muna Jesu kuchikosha kuvaKristu vechokwadi.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinofunga Kuti Ndizvo Zvine Chitendero Chechokwadi Here?
Jesu akati kune migwagwa yakawanda inoita kuti vanhu vaponeswe here?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinofunga Kuti Ndizvo Chete Zvichaponeswa Here?
Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti ndivanaani vachaponeswa.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoshora Zvimwe Zvitendero Here?
Ona kuti sei vaKristu vechokwadi vachizivikanwa nokusashora zvimwe zvitendero.
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingabvumi Kuwedzerwa Ropa?
Pane nhema dzakawanda dzinotaurwa nevanhu vachipomera Zvapupu zvaJehovha panyaya yokuwedzerwa ropa. Ona kuti isu takamira papi panyaya iyoyo.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoti Mazuva 6 Akasikwa Zvinhu Aiva Akareba Maawa 24 Here?
Unoziva here kuti zvimwe zvinotaurwa nevamwe vanoti zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa mumazuva 6 aiva akareba maawa 24 zvinopesana neBhaibheri?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoshandisa Testamende Yekare Here?
Pane zvimwe zvikamu zveBhaibheri zvisingachashandi here? Ona kuti vaKristu vangabatsirwa sei pavanoverenga nyaya dzinokosha dzakaitika kare uye mazano anobatsira avanowana muMagwaro echiHebheru.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvakachinja Bhaibheri Kuti Rienderane Nedzidziso Dzavo Here?
Ongorora uzvionere uchapupu hwacho.
Nei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvakachinja Zvimwe Zvazvaitenda?
Kana paine zvinofanira kugadziridzwa pamanzwisisirwo emagwaro, hatifaniri kushamiswa nazvo. Pane zvimwe zviitiko zvinotaurwa muBhaibheri, vanamati vaMwari vaitofanirawo kugadzirisa maonero avo.
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingashandisi Muchinjikwa?
Kunyange zvazvo tiri vaKristu, isu hatishandisi muchinjikwa. Chikonzero nei?
Sangano
Sei Muchishandisa Zita Rokuti Zvapupu zvaJehovha?
Ona kuti zita racho rinobvepi.
Ndiani Akatanga Chitendero cheZvapupu zvaJehovha?
Verenga kuti uone kuti sei tichiti Charles Taze Russell haana kutanga chitendero chitsva.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinowanepi Mari Yokuita Basa Razvo?
Ona kuti basa riri kuitwa pasi rose riri kukura sei kunyange zvazvo pasina ndiro dzemari dzinofambiswa uye pasingabviswi chegumi.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinopa Chegumi Here?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinotemerwa mari yazvinofanira kubvisa here?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvine Vakuru Vanobhadharwa Here?
Mune zvinzvimbo here? Ndivanaani vanoshumira sevashumiri vakagadzwa?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinobvumira Vanhukadzi Kuparidza Here?
Pabasa rokuparidza rinoitwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha pasi rose, vanhukadzi chii chavanoitawo?
Ungano dzeZvapupu zvaJehovha Dzakarongwa Sei?
Ona kuti tinotungamirirwa uye tinopiwa sei mirayiridzo pachishandiswa urongwa uhwu.
Chii Chinonzi Dare Rinotungamirira reZvapupu zvaJehovha?
Dare Rinotungamirira rinoshandisei pakusarudza zvavanoda kuita?
Chii Chinonzi Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society?
Rinobatana papi nebasa rinoitwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha?
Membership
Ndingaita Sei Kuti Ndive Mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha?
Mateu 28:19, 20 inotaura matanho matatu anodiwa.
Munhu Anogona Here Kuti Haachadi Kuva Mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha?
Pane zvinhu zviviri zvinoratidza kuti munhu haachada kuva Chapupu.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinovenga Vanhu Vasingachanamati Nazvo Here?
Dzimwe nguva zvakakodzera kudzinga uye kuita izvozvo kunogona kubatsira munhu kuti adzoke muungano.
Preaching
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvichiparidza Paimba Neimba?
Ona kuti Jesu akaudza vadzidzi vake vepakutanga-tanga kuitei.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zviri Kuparidza Paimba Neimba Nechinangwa Chokuti Vagoponeswa Here?
Ona zvatinotenda nezvekuponeswa uye kuti kuponeswa kunowanikwa sei.
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvichiparidzira Vanhu Vanotova Nechitendero Chavo?
Chii chinoita kuti tide kuparidzira vanhu vanotova nechitendero chavo?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinomanikidza Vanhu Kuti Vasiye Machechi Avo Here?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoita basa rokutendeutsa vanhu here? Zvinomanikidza vanhu kuti vasiye machechi avo here?
Chii Chinonzi Chidzidzo cheBhaibheri?
Wana mhinduro dzemibvunzo ine chokuti neurongwa hwokudzidza Bhaibheri pasingabhadharwi.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoita Basa Roumishinari Here?
Ndivanani vanoita basa roumishinari uye nemhaka yei? Munodzidziswa here kuita basa iri?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinobvumira Vanhukadzi Kuparidza Here?
Pabasa rokuparidza rinoitwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha pasi rose, vanhukadzi chii chavanoitawo?
Meetings and Worship
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingadani Nzvimbo Yazvinonamatira Kuti Chechi?
Ona kuti mashoko okuti “Imba yoUmambo yeZvapupu zvaJehovha” anobvepi uye sei tichiashandisa.
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingashandisi Muchinjikwa?
Kunyange zvazvo tiri vaKristu, isu hatishandisi muchinjikwa. Chikonzero nei?
Nei Maitiro Anoita Zvapupu zvaJehovha Chirayiro chaShe Achisiyana Nezvinoitwa Nemamwe Machechi?
Ndicho chiitiko chinonyanya kukosha kuZvapupu zvaJehovha, chinonziwo Chirangaridzo. Inzwa kuti Bhaibheri rinoti kudii nezvechiitiko ichi.
View of the Bible
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvine Bhaibheri Razvo Here?
Kushandisa shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana dzeBhaibheri kunokubatsira chaizvo pakuridzidza. Zvinhu zvitatu zvakanakira kuti ushandise Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yeMagwaro Matsvene pakudzidza kwako.
Bhaibheri reShanduro yeNyika Itsva Rakarurama Here?
Nei Bhaibheri reShanduro yeNyika Itsva rakasiyana nemamwe maBhaibheri?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvakachinja Bhaibheri Kuti Rienderane Nedzidziso Dzavo Here?
Ongorora uzvionere uchapupu hwacho.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoshandisa Testamende Yekare Here?
Pane zvimwe zvikamu zveBhaibheri zvisingachashandi here? Ona kuti vaKristu vangabatsirwa sei pavanoverenga nyaya dzinokosha dzakaitika kare uye mazano anobatsira avanowana muMagwaro echiHebheru.
Community and Political Involvement
Nei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingaiti Zvematongerwo Enyika?
Zvine mwoyo wokuda kuzopandukira hurumende here?
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingaendi Kuhondo?
Pasi rose Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinozivikanwa nenyaya yokusaenda kuhondo. Ona zvikonzero zvinoita kuti tidaro.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinobatsira vanenge vawirwa nenjodzi here?
Ona kuti tinobatsira sei vanenge vawirwa nenjodzi kusanganisira vatisinganamati navo.
Personal and Family Life
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoenda Here Kuchipatara?
Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti Zvapupu zvaJehovha hazvibvumi kurapwa chero nemushonga upi zvawo. Ichokwadi here?
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingabvumi Kuwedzerwa Ropa?
Pane nhema dzakawanda dzinotaurwa nevanhu vachipomera Zvapupu zvaJehovha panyaya yokuwedzerwa ropa. Ona kuti isu takamira papi panyaya iyoyo.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoparadza Mhuri Here Kana Kuti Zvinodzivaka?
Dzimwe nguva Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinopomerwa kuparadza mhuri. Asi ndizvo here kuti Zvapupu ndizvo zvinokonzera kusawirirana?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvine Mitemo Here Panyaya Dzekupfimbana?
Nyaya dzekupfimbana chinhu chokungotambawo nacho here?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinorambidza Mamwe Mafirimu, Mabhuku, Kana Kuti Nziyo Here?
MuKristu anofanira kufunga nezvei pakusarudza zvinhu zvinomuvaraidza?
Customs and Celebrations
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingapembereri Krisimasi?
Vanhu vakawanda vanopemberera Krisimasi kunyange zvazvo vachiziva kuti zvakatangira kuvahedheni. Ona kuti sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvisingapembereri.
Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingapembereri Isita?
Vakawanda vanoona sokuti Isita imhemberero inoitwa nevaKristu. Sei Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvisingaipembereri?
Nei Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvisingapembereri Mazuva Okuberekwa?
Verenga unzwe zvinhu 4 zvinoitwa pamhemberero dzemazuva okuberekwa zvisingafarirwi naMwari.
Nei Maitiro Anoita Zvapupu zvaJehovha Chirayiro chaShe Achisiyana Nezvinoitwa Nemamwe Machechi?
Ndicho chiitiko chinonyanya kukosha kuZvapupu zvaJehovha, chinonziwo Chirangaridzo. Inzwa kuti Bhaibheri rinoti kudii nezvechiitiko ichi.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvinoona Sei Mariro?
Zvisarudzo zvinoitwa neZvapupu panyaya dzemariro, zvinobva pazvinhu zvavanonyatsotenda pamusoro perufu. Saka chii chinovatungamirira pakusarudza?
Who Are Jehovah’s Witnesses?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha vaKristu Here?
Tapota ona kuti takasiyana sei nezvitendero zvinozviti ndezvechiKristu.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Zvakabuda Muchechi yeRoma Here?
Pane zvinhu zviviri zvinosiyanisa Zvapupu zvaJehovha nemachechi akabuda muRoma ayo anozviti ndeechiKristu.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Chitendero chokuAmerica Here?
Ongorora zvinhu zvina nezvesangano iri rinowanikwa pasi rose.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha Isangano Rakatangwa Nemunhu Here?
Enzanisa zvinowanzotaurwa nevanhu nezvesangano rakatangwa nemumwe munhu nechokwadi pamusoro peZvapupu zvaJehovha.


text:
Ramba Uri Mumupata waJehovha Unodzivirira
“Jehovha [acharwa] nemarudzi iwayo sezvaanoita pazuva rake rehondo, pazuva rokurwa.”—ZEK. 14:3.
1, 2. Ihondo ipi iri kuuya, uye vashumiri vaMwari havazofaniri kuitei muhondo iyoyo?
MUSI wa30 October, 1938, vanhu vokuUnited States vane mamiriyoni vaiteerera purogiramu yeparedhiyo yainge yakakurumbira yaiita zvemitambo. Mutambo waivako manheru iwayo wainge watorwa mubhuku renyaya yokufungidzira rinonzi The War of the Worlds. Vatambi vacho vaiita sevari kuverenga nhau vachitsanangura kuti mazimhuka ainge abva kuMars ainge asvika panyika achiiparadza. Kunyange zvazvo zvainge zvaziviswa kuti purogiramu yacho yeparedhiyo yaiva mutambo, vateereri vakawanda vakafunga kuti izvi zvaitoitika uye vakatya. Vamwe vakatotora matanho okuzvidzivirira pamazimhuka ainzi ainge abva kuMars.
2 Mazuva ano kune hondo chaiyo iri kuuya. Zvisinei, vanhu vari kukundikana kutora matanho akakodzera. Hondo iyoyo haitaurwi mubhuku renyaya yokufungidzira, asi muShoko raMwari rakafemerwa, Bhaibheri. Ihondo yeAmagedhoni, hondo yaMwari yokurwisana nenyika ino yakaipa. (Zvak. 16:14-16) Muhondo iyi, vashumiri vaMwari vepanyika havazofaniri havo kuzvidzivirira sezvakaitwa nevanhu vambotaurwa. Asi vachakatyamadzwa nezviitiko zvinoshamisa uye kuratidzwa kwesimba kunotyisa kuchaitwa naMwari.
3. Tichakurukura uprofita hupi uye nei huchikosha kwatiri?
3 Uprofita hweBhaibheri huri muchitsauko 14 chaZekariya hunotaura zvakawanda zvichaitika pahondo yeAmagedhoni. Kunyange zvazvo hwakanyorwa makore anenge 2 500 apfuura, uprofita uhwu huri kuzadziswa munguva yedu. (VaR. 15:4) Zvakawanda zvahunotaura zvine chokuita nezvave zvichiitika kuvanhu vaMwari kubvira pakagadzwa Umambo hwaMesiya kudenga muna 1914 uye zvinhu zvinofadza zvichaitika munguva pfupi iri kuuya. Zvimwe zvinokosha zviri muuprofita hwacho zvinosanganisira kuvapo kwo“mupata mukuru” uye kubuda kwe“mvura mhenyu.” (Zek. 14:4, 8) Mupata iwoyo unokosha chaizvo pakudzivirira vanamati vaJehovha. Uye patinonzwisisa kubatsirwa kwatingaitwa nemvura mhenyu iyoyo, tichaona kukosha kwekuti tiinwe uyewo tichava nechido chokuinwa. Saka tinobatsirwa nokunyatsoongorora uprofita uhwu.—2 Pet. 1:19, 20.
KUTANGA KWE“ZUVA RAJEHOVHA”
4. (a) “Zuva raJehovha” rakatanga rini? (b) Pachine makumi emakore 1914 asati asvika, vanamati vaJehovha vaizivisei, uye vatungamiriri venyika vakaita sei?
4 Chitsauko 14 chaZekariya chinotanga nokutaura nezve“zuva raJehovha.” (Verenga Zekariya 14:1, 2.) Zuva iri chii? ‘Izuva raShe,’ rakatanga “umambo hwenyika” pahwakava “umambo hwaShe wedu nohwaKristu.” (Zvak. 1:10; 11:15) Zuva iroro rakatanga muna 1914 pakatanga Umambo hwaMesiya kudenga. Makumi emakore 1914 asati asvika, vanamati vaJehovha vakazivisa marudzi kuti “nguva dzakatarwa dzemamwe marudzi” dzaizoguma gore iroro uye kuti nyika yaizopinda munguva yematambudziko ainge asati amboitika. (Ruka 21:24) Marudzi akaita sei? Pane kuteerera nyevero iyoyo yainge yapiwa panguva, vatungamiriri venyika nevezvitendero vakanyomba uye vakatambudza vaevhangeri ivavo vaishingaira. Zvavakaita izvozvo, kwaitova kunyomba Mwari Wemasimbaose, nokuti vaKristu vakazodzwa vanomiririra “Jerusarema rokudenga” kana kuti Umambo hwaMesiya.—VaH. 12:22, 28.
5, 6. (a) Zvii zvakagara zvataurwa kuti marudzi aizoitira “guta” uye “vagari” varo? (b) ‘Vanhu vaizosara’ vaiva vanaani?
5 Zekariya akagara ataura zvaizoitwa nemarudzi achiti: “Guta racho [Jerusarema] richatorwa.” “Guta racho” rinomirira Umambo hwaMwari hunotongwa naMesiya. Rinomiririrwa panyika ne“vagari” varo, ivo vaKristu vakazodzwa vachiri panyika. (VaF. 3:20) MuHondo Yenyika I, hama dzaitungamirira muchikamu chepasi pano chesangano raJehovha ‘dzakatorwa’ kana kuti dzakasungwa, ndokuendeswa kujeri muAtlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. ‘Dzimba dzakapambwa’ pakuti hama idzi nevamwe vainge vakaperera kuna Mwari vakabatwa zvisina kunaka uye zvine utsinye. Vavengi ava vakaita sekuti vapamba kana kuti vamisa zvaiitwa nevakazodzwa vainge vachiri panyika nokurambidza mabhuku avo uye kumisa basa rokuzivisa Umambo.
6 Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vaMwari vaiva vashoma, vachireverwa nhema, vachipikiswa uye vachitambudzwa nevavengi, kunamata kwechokwadi kwaisagona kutsvairwa panyika. Paiva ‘nevanhu vaizosara,’ kureva vakazodzwa vainge vachiri panyika avo vakaramba ‘kuparadzwa muguta.’
7. Muenzaniso weZvapupu zvaJehovha zvakazodzwa unobatsira sei vanamati vose vechokwadi mazuva ano?
7 Uprofita uhwu hwakangozadziswa chete pakapera Hondo Yenyika I here? Kwete. Marudzi aizotambudzazve vakazodzwa vainge vachiri panyika neshamwari dzavo dzakavimbika dzaiva netariro yepanyika. (Zvak. 12:17) Izvozvo zvakaitikawo muHondo Yenyika II. Muenzaniso wokuperera kuna Mwari kweZvapupu zvakazodzwa zvakatendeka unokurudzira vashumiri vaMwari mazuva ano kuti vatsungirire chero miedzo yavangasangana nayo, inosanganisira kushorwa neveukama vasingatendi, vokubasa, kana vokuchikoro vanovaseka nemhaka yokutenda kwavo. (1 Pet. 1:6, 7) Pasinei nekwavanogara, vanamati vechokwadi vakatsunga kupfuura kare ‘kumira vakasimba mumafungiro mamwe chete,’ ‘vasingambotyiswi nevanopikisana navo.’ (VaF. 1:27, 28) Asi vanhu vaJehovha vangawana kupi nzvimbo isina ngozi munyika inovavenga?—Joh. 15:17-19.
JEHOVHA ANOITA KUTI PAVE “NOMUPATA MUKURU”
8. (a) Dzimwe nguva makomo anomirirei muBhaibheri? (b) “Gomo remiorivhi” rinomirirei?
8 Sezvo Jerusarema, iro “guta,” richimirira Jerusarema rokudenga, “gomo remiorivhi, riri pakatarisana neJerusarema” rinofanirawo kumirira chimwe chinhu. Gomo iroro rinomirirei? ‘Raizotsemuka nepakati’ sei kuti rive makomo maviri? Nei Jehovha achiati “makomo angu”? (Verenga Zekariya 14:3-5.) MuBhaibheri, makomo anogona kumirira umambo, kana hurumende. Uyewo rinoti makomborero uye kudzivirirwa zvinobva kugomo raMwari. (Pis. 72:3; Isa. 25:6, 7) Saka gomo remiorivhi, pakamirwa naMwari kumabvazuva kweJerusarema repanyika, rinomirira uchangamire hwaJehovha, utongi hwake hunopfuura humwe hwose.
9. “Gomo remiorivhi” rinotsemuka nepakati pakudii?
9 Kutsemuka kwegomo remiorivhi nepakati kunorevei? Gomo riri kumabvazuva kweJerusarema rinotsemuka nepakati pakuti Jehovha anotanga humwe utongi kubva pane hwakagara huripo. Utongi uhwu hwechipiri ndihwo Umambo hwaMesiya hunotongwa naJesu Kristu. Ndosaka Jehovha achidana makomo maviri anovapo panotsemuka “gomo remiorivhi” nepakati kuti “makomo angu.” (Zek. 14:4) Ose ari maviri ndeake.
10. “Mupata mukuru” uri pakati pemakomo maviri unomirirei?
10 Gomo racho rekufananidzira parinotsemuka nepakati, hafu ichienda kuchamhembe imwe yacho kumaodzanyemba, Jehovha anoramba akatsika pamakomo acho ari maviri. Pasi petsoka dzaJehovha panova “nomupata mukuru.” Mupata uyu unomirira kudzivirira kwaMwari. Vashumiri vaJehovha vanodzivirirwa neuchangamire hwake uye Umambo hwaMesiya. Jehovha achava nechokwadi chokuti kunamata kwechokwadi hakuzomboparadzwi. Kutsemurwa kwegomo remiorivhi nepakati kwakaitika riini? Kwakaitika pakagadzwa Umambo hwaMesiya, pakaguma Nguva dzeMamwe Marudzi muna 1914. Vanamati vechokwadi vakatanga riini kutizira mumupata wokufananidzira?
KUTANGA KUTIZIRA MUMUPATA!
11, 12. (a) Vashumiri vaMwari vakatanga rini kutizira mumupata wokufananidzira? (b) Chii chinoratidza kuti Jehovha ari kutsigira vanhu vake noruoko rune simba?
11 Jesu akayambira vateveri vake kuti: “Muchavengwa nemarudzi ose nokuda kwezita rangu.” (Mat. 24:9) Mumazuva okupedzisira enyika ino yakaipa, kubvira muna 1914, ruvengo irworwo rwave ruchiwedzera. Pasinei nokuti vakazodzwa vachiri panyika vakarwiswa chaizvo nevavengi vavo muHondo Yenyika I, boka iroro rakatendeka harina kuparadzwa. Muna 1919, vakasunungurwa muBhabhironi Guru, umambo hwenyika yose hwechitendero chenhema. (Zvak. 11:11, 12) * Ipapo ndipo pavakatanga kutizira mumupata wemakomo aJehovha.
12 Kubvira muna 1919 mupata wokudzivirira kwaMwari wave uchidzivirira vanamati vechokwadi pasi pose. Munyika dzakawanda, kwemakumi emakore, hurumende dzange dzichiedza kumisa ushumiri hweZvapupu zvaJehovha uye kurambidza mabhuku azvo anotsanangura Bhaibheri. Izvozvo zvichiri kuitika mune dzimwe nyika. Asi pasinei nezvadzingaita, hadzizofi dzakabudirira kutsakatisa kunamata kwechokwadi! Jehovha acharamba achitsigira vanhu vake noruoko rune simba.—Dheut. 11:2.
13. Tinoramba sei tiri mumupata waJehovha unodzivirira, uye nei zvichikosha chaizvo kuti tirambe tirimo iye zvino?
13 Kana tikaramba tiri pedyo naJehovha uye takamira zvakasimba muchokwadi, iye neMwanakomana wake, Jesu Kristu, vachatidzivirira, uye Mwari haazoregi chero ani kana chero chii ‘chichitibvuta muruoko rwake.’ (Joh. 10:28, 29) Jehovha akagadzirira kutipa chero rubatsiro runodiwa kuitira kuti timuteerere saChangamire wezvinhu zvose uye kuti tirambe tiri vanhu vakavimbika vanotongwa noUmambo hwaMesiya. Zvinokosha kuti tirambe tiri mumupata unodzivirira, nokuti panguva yokutambudzika kukuru kwava pedyo tichatoda kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya.
KUSVIKA ‘KWEZUVA REHONDO’
14, 15. Pa“zuva [raMwari] rehondo” yokuparadza vavengi vake, zvinhu zvichange zvakaita sei kune vaya vari kunze kwemupata?
14 Sezvo kuguma kwenyika ino yakaipa kunoswedera pedyo, Satani achawedzera kurwisa vashumiri vaJehovha. Pasina nguva, Satani acharwisa vanhu vaMwari kekupedzisira. Jehovha achabva aunza “zuva rake rehondo” pavavengi vake. Pazuva iroro, Changamire wezvinhu zvose acharatidza kuti anorwa zvine mbiri kupfuura zvaakamboita “pazuva rokurwa” chero ripi zvaro.—Zek. 14:3.
15 Pazuva raMwari rehondo, zvinhu zvichange zvakaita sei kune vaya vari kunze kwe“mupata mukuru” unodzivirira? Havazovi “nechiedza chinokosha,” izvo zvinoreva kuti havazofarirwi naMwari. Pazuva iroro rokurwa riri kuuya, “mabhiza, manyurusi, ngamera, mbongoro hono, nezvipfuwo zvemarudzi ose,” izvo zvinomirira zvombo zvehondo zvemarudzi, zvichashaya basa. Zvombo zvakadaro “zvichaumbana,” zvotadza kushanda sokuti zvaoma nechando. Jehovha achashandisawo chirwere uye “denda.” Pasinei nokuti ringava denda chairo kana kuti kwete, iro richaita kuti vavengi vatadze kutityisidzira. Pazuva iroro, ‘maziso omunhu uye rurimi zvichaora’ pakuti vavengi vacho havazokwanisi kutirwisa uye kutaura mashoko akaipa. (Zek. 14:6, 7, 12, 15) Hapana chikamu chenyika chichapona. Vanenge vachitsigira Satani muhondo yacho vachange vakawanda. (Zvak. 19:19-21) “Vaya vachaurayiwa naJehovha vachavapo pazuva iroro kubvira kumugumo wenyika kusvikira kune mumwe mugumo wenyika.”—Jer. 25:32, 33.
16. Zuva raMwari rehondo zvarava pedyo, mibvunzo ipi yatinofanira kufungisisa uye tichafanira kuitei?
16 Hondo yagara ichiunza kutambura kunyange kune vaya vanozokunda. Zvokudya zvingaita zvishoma. Vanhu vangarasikirwa nezvinhu zvavo. Upenyu hungaoma. Vanhu vangashayiwa rusununguko. Kana tikazosangana nematambudziko akadaro, tichaita sei? Tichashaya kuti toita sei here? Ticharega kuvimba naMwari here? Tichaora mwoyo here toshaya tariro? Zvichange zvichikosha chaizvo panguva yokutambudzika kukuru kuti tirambe tichivimba nesimba raJehovha rokuponesa uye kuramba tiri mumupata unodzivirira!—Verenga Habhakuki 3:17, 18.
“MVURA MHENYU ICHABUDA”
17, 18. (a) “Mvura mhenyu” chii? (b) “Gungwa rokumabvazuva” rinomirirei uye “gungwa rokumavirira” rinomirirei? (c) Sezvaunotarira mberi, watsidza mumwoyo kuitei?
17 Pashure peAmagedhoni, “mvura mhenyu” icharamba ichiyerera ichibva kuchigaro choUmambo hwaMesiya. “Mvura mhenyu” iyi inomirira urongwa hwaJehovha hwokutsigira upenyu. “Gungwa rokumabvazuva” iGungwa Rakafa, “gungwa rokumavirira” iGungwa reMediterranean. Ose anomirira vanhu. Zvakakodzera chaizvo kuti Gungwa Rakafa rimirire vaya vari muguva. Sezvo Gungwa reMediterranean rakazara nezvisikwa zvipenyu, zvakakodzera kuti rimiririre “boka guru” revachapona paAmagedhoni. (Verenga Zekariya 14:8, 9; Zvak. 7:9-15) Saka, mapoka acho ari maviri achabatsirwa nokusunungurwa murufu rwakaunzwa naAdhamu sezvaanoramba achipedza nyota yawo nemvura yokufananidzira, kana kuti “rwizi rwemvura youpenyu.”—Zvak. 22:1, 2.
18 Tichidzivirirwa naJehovha, tichapona kuguma kwenyika ino yakaipa topinda munyika yaMwari yakarurama. Kunyange zvazvo tichivengwa nemarudzi ose, ngatitsidzei mumwoyo kuramba tiri vanhu vakavimbika vanotongwa noUmambo hwaMwari, uye kuramba tiri mumupata waJehovha unodzivirira.
^ ndima 11 Ona Zvakazarurwa—Mugumo Wazvo Une Mbiri Wava Pedyo! mapeji 169-170.


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Kudzivirira Mashoko Akanaka Pamberi Pevanhu Vane Masimba
“KWANDIRI murume uyu mudziyo wakasarudzwa kuti aende nezita rangu kune mamwe marudzi nokumadzimambo.” (Mab. 9:15) Mashoko aya akataurwa naIshe Jesu paaitaura nezvemumwe muJudha akanga atendeuka kuva muKristu, uyo akazozivikanwa semuapostora Pauro.
Mumwe ‘wemadzimambo’ iwayo ndiMambo weRoma ainzi Nero. Waizonzwa sei kudai waifanira kudzivirira kutenda kwako pamberi pemutongi akadaro? Kunyange zvazvo zvakaoma, vaKristu vanokurudzirwa kutevedzera Pauro. (1 VaK. 11:1) Imwe nzira yekuita izvozvo ndeyekutevedzera zvaakaita paaitongwa maererano nemitemo yaivapo panguva iyoyo.
Mutemo waMosesi ndiwo waishanda munyika yeIsraeri, uye kwese kwese ndiwo waitevedzerwa nevanamati vechiJudha. Pashure pePendekosti ya33 C.E., vanamati vechokwadi vaisatarisirwa kuchengeta Mutemo waMosesi. (Mab. 15:28, 29; VaG. 4:9-11) Kunyange zvakadaro, Pauro nevamwe vaKristu vaisashora Mutemo uye izvi zvaiita kuti vakwanise kuparidzira vanhu vechiJudha pasina chinovavhiringidza. (1 VaK. 9:20) Pauro akatoenda kumasinagogi kakawanda, kwaainoparidzira vanhu vaiziva Mwari waAbrahamu uye vaaigona kukurukura navo achishandisa Magwaro echiHebheru.
Vaapostora vakasarudza kutungamirira basa rekuparidza vari muJerusarema. Vaigara vachidzidzisa patemberi. (Mab. 1:4; 2:46; 5:20) Pane imwe nguva, Pauro akaenda kuJerusarema, uye ari ikoko akasungwa. Izvi zvakaita kuti atange kumiswa pamberi pematare kusvikira azoendeswa kuRoma.
PAURO AKASHANDISA SEI MUTEMO WEROMA?
Vatongi veRoma vangadai vakaona sei zvaiparidzwa naPauro? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo iwoyo, zvinokosha kuti tione kuti vaRoma vaiona sei zvitendero. Vaisamanikidza vanhu vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana vaigara munyika dzaitongwa neRoma kuti vasiye zvitendero zvavo, kunze kwepazvaiita sekuti zvitendero zvacho zvaigona kukanganisa nyika kana kuti tsika.
Roma yakapa vaJudha kodzero dzaivabvumira kuita zvakawanda munyika dzaitongwa neRoma. Bhuku rinonzi Backgrounds of Early Christianity rinoti: “Chitendero chechiJudha chairemekedzwa munyika dzaitongwa neRoma. . . . VaJudha vainamata vakasununguka uye vaisamanikidzwa kunamata vanamwari venyika yeRoma. Vaigona kurarama maererano nemutemo wavo pachavo munzvimbo dzavaigara.” Vaisamanikidzwawo kupinda muchiuto. * Pauro aizoshandisa kuchengetedzwa kwaiitwa chitendero chechiJudha neMutemo weRoma achidzivirira chiKristu pamberi pevatongi veRoma.
Vavengi vaPauro vakaedza zvakasiyana-siyana kuti atambudzwe nevanhuwo zvavo uye vanhu vaiva nemasimba. (Mab. 13:50; 14:2, 19; 18:12, 13) Funga zvakaitika pane imwe nguva. Vakuru vemuungano yeJerusarema vakanzwa runyerekupe rwaitaurwa pakati pevaJudha kuti Pauro aiparidza “kuti varambe Mosesi.” Nyaya dzakadaro dzaigona kuita kuti vaJudha vainge vachangobva kutendeuka kuva vaKristu vafunge kuti Pauro aisaremekedza urongwa hwaMwari. Uyezve, dare reSanihedrini raigona kuti vaKristu vakanga vari vanhu vakatsauka pakutenda kwechiJudha. Kana izvozvo zvaizoitika, vaJudha vaiwadzana nevaKristu vaigona kurangwa. Vaigona kunzi vaiva vapanduki, vobva varambidzwa kuparidza mutemberi kana kuti mumasinagogi. Ndosaka vakuru veungano vakaudza Pauro kuti aratidze kuti runyerekupe irworwo rwaisava rwechokwadi kuburikidza nekuenda kutemberi kunoita zvaaisasungirwa naMwari kuti aite asi zvakanga zvisina hazvo kuipa.
Pauro akaita izvozvo, zvikaita kuti ave nemikana ‘yekudzivirira nekusimbisa zviri pamutemo mashoko akanaka.’ (VaF. 1:7) Paaiva patemberi, vaJudha vakaita mhirizhonga uye vaida kumuuraya. Mukuru mukuru wemasoja eRoma akaita kuti Pauro asungwe. Masoja paakanga ava kuda kumurova, akataura kuti aiva chizvarwa cheRoma. Izvozvo zvakaita kuti aendeswe kuKesariya kwaigara vaRoma vaitonga Judhiya. Ikoko aizowana mikana yekupupura neushingi pamberi pevanhu vane masimba. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakazoita kuti vanhu vaisaziva zvakawanda nezvechiKristu vanyatsoziva nezvacho.
Chitsauko 24 chaMabasa chinotsanangura kutongwa kwakaitwa Pauro pamberi paFerikisi, gavhuna weRoma aiona nezveJudhiya, uyo akanga anzwa zvimwe zvinhu zvaitendwa nevaKristu. VaJudha vakapomera Pauro mhosva yekutyora mutemo weRoma munzira nhatu. Vakati Pauro aiita kuti pave nokumukira pakati pevaJudha muumambo hwose hweRoma; aiva mutungamiriri wekapoka kakaipa chaizvo; uye kuti aiedzawo kusvibisa temberi, iyo yaichengetedzwa nevaRoma. (Mab. 24:5, 6) Mhosva idzi dzaigona kuita kuti atongerwe rufu.
Mazuva ano, vaKristu vangada kuziva kuti Pauro akaita sei nezvaaipomerwa. Akaramba akadzikama, achiremekedza vanhu vacho. Pauro akataura nezveMutemo nevaProfita uye nezvekodzero yaaiva nayo yekunamata ‘Mwari wemadzitateguru ake.’ Kodzero iyoyo yaivawo nevamwe vaJudha vaiva pasi pemutemo weRoma. (Mab. 24:14) Nekufamba kwenguva, Pauro akakwanisa kudzivirira uye kuzivisa kutenda kwake pamberi pagavhuna akazotevera, Pokiyo Festo, uye pamberi paMambo Herodhi Agripa.
Pakupedzisira, kuti nyaya yake itongwe zvakanaka, Pauro akati: “Ndinokwidza mhosva yacho kuna Kesari!” Ndiye aiva nesimba kupfuura madzimambo ose panguva iyoyo.
KUTONGWA KWAPAURO MUDARE RAKESARI
“Unofanira kumira pamberi paKesari,” yakadaro ngirozi ichiudza Pauro. (Mab. 27:24) Paakava Mambo weRoma, Nero akataura kuti iye pachake aisazotonga nyaya dzose. Mumakore masere ekutanga ari mambo, aiwanzopa vamwe basa rekutonga mhosva. Bhuku rinonzi The Life and Epistles of Saint Paul rinoti Nero paaibvuma kutonga nyaya aiitongera pamba pake, achibatsirwa navanachipangamazano vaiva neruzivo rwakawanda uye vaiteererwa chaizvo.
Bhaibheri haritauri kuti Nero ndiye here akatonga Pauro kana kuti akaita kuti mumwe munhu atonge nyaya yainge yakwidzwa naPauro ozozivisa Nero. Chero zvazvingava, Pauro anofanira kunge akataura kuti ainamata Mwari wevaJudha uye kuti aikurudzira vanhu vese kuti vape hurumende rukudzo rwakakodzera. (VaR. 13:1-7; Tito 3:1, 2) Zvinoita sekuti Pauro akabudirira pakudzivirira mashoko akanaka pamberi pevanhu vane masimba nokuti dare raKesari rakamusunungura.
BASA REDU REKUDZIVIRIRA MASHOKO AKANAKA
Jesu akaudza vadzidzi vake kuti: “Muchamanikidzwa kuenda pamberi pemagavhuna nemadzimambo nokuda kwangu, kuti zvive uchapupu kwavari uye kune mamwe marudzi.” (Mat. 10:18) Iropafadzo kumiririra Jesu saizvozvo. Zvatinoita pakudzivirira mashoko akanaka zvinogona kuita kuti tikunde mumatare. Asi pasinei nekuti vanhu vane chivi vanopa mitongo yakaita sei, kodzero yedu yekuparidza mashoko akanaka inobva kuna Jehovha. Umambo hwaMwari ndiwo chete huchasunungura vanhu zvachose pakudzvinyirirwa uye pakusatongwa zvakarurama.
Kunyange mazuva ano zita raJehovha rinogona kukudzwa vaKristu pavanodzivirira kutenda kwavo. Sezvaiita Pauro, tinofanira kuedza kudzikama, kutaura chokwadi, uye kutaura zvinogutsa. Jesu akaudza vateveri vake kuti vaisafanira havo ‘kufanodzokorora kuti vachazvidzivirira sei nokuti aizovapa muromo nouchenjeri hwaisazokwanisa kudziviswa kana kupokanidzwa nevashori vavo vose.’
VaKristu pavanodzivirira kutenda kwavo pamberi pemadzimambo, magavhuna, kana kuti vamwe vane masimba, vanogona kupa uchapupu kuvanhu vangangodaro vaizovaomera kuparidzira mashoko akanaka. Mimwe mitongo yakapiwa ichitsigira Zvapupu zvaJehovha yakaita kuti mimwe mitemo inatsiridzwe, uye izvozvo zvakaita kuti rusununguko rwekutaura uye rwekunamata rudzivirirwe. Asi pasinei nekuti mitongo inopiwa panyaya dzakadaro yakaita sei, ushingi hunoratidzwa nevashumiri vaMwari pavanenge vachitongwa hunoita kuti afare.
^ ndima 8 Munyori anonzi James Parkes akati: “VaJudha . . . vaiva nekodzero yekuita zvinhu zvechiJudha. Hapana chaishamisa nekupiwa kwavakaitwa rusununguko nekuti vaRoma vaingotevedzera tsika yavo yekupa vanhu kodzero yekusarudza zvavanoda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzaiva pasi peumambo hweRoma.”


text:
MASHOKO OKUWEDZERA
Jesu Kristu—Mesiya Akapikirwa
KUTI atibatsire kuziva Mesiya, Jehovha Mwari akafuridzira vaprofita vakawanda vanotaurwa muBhaibheri kuti vape mashoko akadzama pamusoro pokuberekwa, ushumiri, uye rufu zvoMununuri uyu akapikirwa. Uprofita hwose uhwu huri muBhaibheri hwakazadzika pana Jesu Kristu. Hwakarurama uye hwakadzama zvinoshamisa. Kuti tienzanisire izvi, ngatikurukurei uprofita hushomanana hwakafanotaura zviitiko zvaiva nechokuita nokuberekwa kwaMesiya uye nguva yaaiva muduku.
Muprofita Isaya akafanotaura kuti Mesiya aizova muzukuru waMambo Dhavhidhi. (Isaya 9:7) Zvechokwadi Jesu akaberekerwa mudzinza raDhavhidhi.—Mateu 1:1, 6-17.
Mika, mumwe muprofita waMwari, akafanotaura kuti mwana uyu aizova mutongi uye kuti aizoberekerwa mu“Bhetrehema Efrata.” (Mika 5:2) Panguva yakaberekwa Jesu, paiva nemataundi maviri muIsraeri ainzi Bhetrehema. Rimwe raiva pedyo neNazareta munharaunda yokumusoro kwenyika yacho, uye rimwe raiva pedyo neJerusarema muJudha. Bhetrehema raiva pedyo neJerusarema raimbonzi Efrata. Jesu akaberekerwa mutaundi iroro, sezvakanga zvafanotaurwa nouprofita chaizvo!—Mateu 2:1.
Humwe uprofita hwomuBhaibheri hwakafanotaura kuti Mwanakomana waMwari aizoshevedzwa “kuti abude muIjipiti.” Paaiva mwana, Jesu akaendeswa kuIjipiti. Akadzoswa pashure pokufa kwaHerodhi, izvi zvichizadzisa uprofita hwacho.—Hosiya 11:1; Mateu 2:15.
Pachati iri papeji 200, magwaro akarongwa pasi pomusoro unoti “Uprofita” ane mashoko akadzama ane chokuita naMesiya. Tapota aenzanise nemagwaro akarongwa pasi pomusoro unoti “Kuzadzika.” Kuita izvozvo kuchasimbisazve kutenda kwako kwokuti Shoko raMwari nderechokwadi.
Paunenge uchiongorora magwaro aya, yeuka kuti aya ane uprofita akanyorwa mazana emakore Jesu asati aberekwa. Jesu akati: “Zvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa mumutemo waMosesi neZvakanyorwa nevaprofita nomuMapisarema pamusoro pangu zvinofanira kuzadzika.” (Ruka 24:44) Sezvaungaona muBhaibheri rako pachako, chokwadi zvakazadzika—zvose zvazvo!


text:
Mibvunzo Inobva Kuvaverengi
Kare mabhuku edu paaitsanangura nhoroondo dziri muMagwaro aiwanzoti dzine kumwe kuzadziswa kukuru kwaizoitika mune ramangwana, asi iye zvino haachanyanyi kudaro. Nei?
Nharireyomurindi yaSeptember 15, 1950 yakataura kuti dzimwe nguva vanhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinotaurwa muBhaibheri zvine zvazvinomiririra zvinozoitika. Kare mabhuku edu aitaura kuti varume nevakadzi vakatendeka vakadai saDhibhora, Erihu, Jefta, Jobho, Rakabhi uye Ribheka nevamwewo vakawanda, vaimiririra vakazodzwa kana kuti “boka guru revanhu.” (Zvak. 7:9) Somuenzaniso, Jefta, Jobho uye Ribheka vaifungidzirwa kuti vanomiririra vakazodzwa asi Dhibhora naRakabhi vainzi vaifananidzira vaKristu veboka guru. Zvisinei, iye zvino hatichatsananguri tichadaro. Nei?
Ichokwadi kuti Magwaro anoratidza kuti vamwe vanhu vanotaurwa muBhaibheri vane zvavaimiririra. Somuenzaniso, pana VaGaratiya 4:21-31, muapostora Pauro akataura nezvevamwe vakadzi vaviri vane zvavaimiririra. Hagari, mushandikadzi waAbrahamu, aimiririra vaIsraeri, avo vaifanira kutevedzera zvaidiwa naJehovha zvaiva muMutemo waMosesi. Asi Sara, “mukadzi akasununguka,” aimiririra mukadzi waMwari, kureva chikamu chesangano raMwari chokudenga. Uyewo mutsamba yake kuvaHebheru, Pauro akataura kuti Merekizedheki, uyo aiva mambo uye mupristi, aimiririra Jesu. (VaH. 6:20; 7:1-3) Pauro akataurawo kuti Isaya nevanakomana vake vaimiririra Jesu nevateveri vake vakazodzwa. (VaH. 2:13, 14) Jehovha akafemera Pauro kunyora fananidzo idzodzo, saka tinodzitorawo saizvozvo.
Zvisinei, kunyange Bhaibheri parinoratidza kuti mumwe munhu ane mumwe munhu waanomiririra, hatifaniri kufunga kuti kanhu kese kese kakaitika muupenyu hwemunhu iyeye kane zvakanomiririra. Somuenzaniso, kunyange zvazvo Pauro akataura kuti Merekizedheki aimiririra Jesu, Pauro haana zvaakataura nezvokuti pane imwe nguva Merekizedheki akapa Abrahamu chingwa newaini kuti adye pashure pokunge akunda madzimambo mana. Saka hapana chikonzero chomuMagwaro chokuedza kutsvaka kuti izvozvo zvaimiririrei.—Gen. 14:1, 18.
Vamwe vanyori vakazorarama Kristu ava nemakore akawanda afa, vaiti nhoroondo dzose dziri muBhaibheri dzine zvadzinomiririra. Rimwe bhuku rinonzi The International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia richitsanangura dzidziso dzaOrigen, Ambrose, naJerome rakati: “Vakaongorora Magwaro vachiti nhoroondo imwe neimwe ine zvainomiririra. Kunyange nyaya iri nyore kunzwisisa yaitonzi ine chimwe chokwadi chisiri pachena . . . , zvokuti vamwe vakaedza kuda kuona kuti hove 153 dzakabatwa nevadzidzi usiku uhwo Muponesi akazviratidza kwavari, dzaimiririrei!”
Mumwe mufundisi ainzi Augustine akataura zvakawanda nezvekupa kwakaita Jesu varume vanenge 5 000 zvokudya achishandisa zvingwa zvishanu zvebhari nehove mbiri. Akati zvingwa zvishanu zvebhari zvaimiririra mabhuku mashanu ekutanga eBhaibheri. Uye sezvo bhari yaionekwa seisingakoshi pane gorosi, Augustine akati izvozvo zvinoreva kuti “Testamende Yekare” haikoshi pane “Testamende Itsva.” Akatiwo kudii nezvehove mbiri? Akati dzaimiririra mambo uye mupristi. Mumwe munyori aifarirawo zvokuongorora kuti nhoroondo imwe neimwe iri muBhaibheri inomiririrei, akataura kuti kutenga kwakaita Jakobho kodzero youdangwe kuna Isau nenyemba tsvuku, kwaifananidzira kutengera kwakaita Jesu vanhu nhaka yokudenga achishandisa ropa rake dzvuku!
Kuomerwa kwatingaitwa nokudavira tsanangudzo idzi kunoratidza kuti zvakaoma kuziva kuti inhoroondo dzipi dzeBhaibheri dzine zvadzinomiririra uye kuti ndedzipi dzisina zvadzinomiririra. Saka ndeipi nzira yatinofanira kushandisa pakutsanangura nhoroondo dzeBhaibheri? Magwaro paanodzidzisa nezvokuti mumwe munhu anomiririra mumwe munhu, kana kuti zvimwe zviitiko zvine zvazvinomiririra, tinozvitsanangurawo saizvozvo. Asi hatifaniri kutaura kuti nhoroondo yemuBhaibheri ine zvainomiririra kana pasina Magwaro anotsigira izvozvo.
Saka tingaita sei kuti tibatsirwe nenhoroondo dziri muMagwaro? Pana VaRoma 15:4, tinoverenga mashoko emuapostora Pauro okuti: “Zvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa kare zvakanyorerwa kuti tirayiridzwe, kuti nokutsungirira kwedu uye nokunyaradza kunobva muMagwaro, tive netariro.” Pauro aireva kuti hama dzake dzakazodzwa dzakararama panguva yake dzaigona kuwana zvidzidzo zvinokosha kubva pazviitiko zvakanyorwa muMagwaro. Zvisinei, vanhu vaMwari vose kubva ipapo, kusanganisira ‘vemamwe makwai,’ vari kurarama “mumazuva okupedzisira,” vari kubatsirwa nezvidzidzo zviri muzvinhu “zvose zvakanyorwa kare.”—Joh. 10:16; 2 Tim. 3:1.
Pane kuona nhoroondo dzakawanda dzeBhaibheri sedzinongoshanda kuboka rimwe chete revanhu, vangava vakazodzwa kana kuti boka guru, uye sedzinongoshanda panguva imwe chete, vanhu vaMwari vose vanogona kushandisa zvidzidzo zvakawanda zviri munhoroondo dzacho pasinei nokuti vanorarama panguva ipi. Somuenzaniso, hatifaniri kutaura kuti zvakaitika kuna Jobho zvinongomiririra kutsungirira kwakaitwa nevakazodzwa panguva yeHondo Yenyika I. Vashumiri vaMwari vakawanda, vangava vari varume nevakadzi veboka guru kana kuti vakazodzwa, vakasanganawo nematambudziko akaita seaJobho uye ‘vakaona zvavakaitirwa pakupedzisira naJehovha, kuti Jehovha ane rudo rukuru uye ane ngoni.’—Jak. 5:11.
Funga izvi: Muungano dzedu mazuva ano, tine vakadzi vakura vakavimbika saDhibhora, hama dzechiduku dzinoshumira sevakuru dzakachenjera saErihu, mapiyona anoshingaira saJefta uye varume nevakadzi vane mwoyo murefu saJobho. Tinoonga chaizvo Jehovha nokuti akachengeta “zvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa kare,” kuitira kuti “nokunyaradza kunobva muMagwaro, tive netariro”!
Saka nemhaka yezvikonzero izvozvo, mabhuku edu ava kunyanya kutaura nezvezvidzidzo zvatinowana munhoroondo dzeBhaibheri pane kuedza kutsvakiridza zvadzinomiririra.


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Mibvunzo Inobva Kuvaverengi
Zvikonzero zvipi zvaiita kuti vaJudha vomunguva yaJesu ‘vatarisire’ kuuya kwaMesiya?
Mumazuva aJohani Mubhabhatidzi, vanhu vakanga vachitarisira uye vose vaifunga “mumwoyo mavo pamusoro paJohani vachiti: ‘Kuti angava ndiye Kristu here?’” (Ruka 3:15) Chii chingave chaiita kuti vaJudha vatarisire kuti Mesiya aizooneka panguva iyoyo? Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda.
Jesu achangoberekwa, ngirozi yaJehovha yakaenda kuvafudzi vaiva kumafuro pedyo neBhetrehema vachitarisira mapoka avo ezvipfuwo. Ngirozi yacho yakazivisa kuti: “Nhasi maberekerwa Muponesi, uyo ari Kristu Ishe, muguta raDhavhidhi.” (Ruka 2:8-11) Ngirozi yacho yakabva yabatana “nevamwe vazhinji veuto rokudenga, vachirumbidza Mwari vachiti: * ‘Mwari ngaakudzwe kumusorosoro, uye panyika rugare ngaruve pavanhu vaanotendera.’”—Ruka 2:13, 14.
Mashoko iwayo akabata-bata vafudzi ava vaizvininipisa. Vakabva vaenda kuBhetrehema uye pavakaona Josefa naMariya uye mucheche Jesu, “vakazivisa mashoko avakanga vaudzwa pamusoro pomwana uyu muduku.” Nemhaka yeizvi, “vose vakazvinzwa vakashamisika pamusoro pezvinhu zvavakaudzwa nevafudzi.” (Ruka 2:17, 18) Mashoko okuti “vose vakazvinzwa” anoratidza kuti vafudzi ava havana kungotaura naJosefa naMariya asiwo nevamwe. Uye vafudzi pavaidzokera kumba, vakaramba “vachikudza nokurumbidza Mwari nokuda kwezvinhu zvose zvavakanzwa nokuona, sokuudzwa kwavakanga vazviitwa.” (Ruka 2:20) Chokwadi vafudzi ava havana kunyarara nemashoko akanaka avainge vanzwa nezvaKristu!
Mariya paakauya nemwanakomana wake wedangwe kuJerusarema kuti amupe Jehovha sezvaidiwa neMutemo waMosesi, muprofitakadzi Ana “akatanga kuonga Mwari uye kutaura nezvomwana wacho kune vaya vose vaimirira kununurwa kweJerusarema.” (Ruka 2:36-38; Eks. 13:12) Saka mashoko pamusoro pokuoneka kwaMesiya akaramba achipararira.
Pave paya, “vazivi venyeredzi vokumativi okumabvazuva vakasvika kuJerusarema, vachiti: ‘Aripiko iye akaberekwa ari mambo wevaJudha? Nokuti takaona nyeredzi yake patakanga tiri kumabvazuva, uye tauya kuzomupfugamira.’” (Mat. 2:1, 2) Paakanzwa izvi, “Mambo Herodhi akavhunduka, pamwe chete neJerusarema rose; uye aunganidza vapristi vakuru vose nevanyori vevanhu, akatanga kuvabvunza kwaizoberekerwa Kristu.” (Mat. 2:3, 4) Saka vanhu vakawanda vaiziviswa nezvomunhu aizova Mesiya ainge aberekwa! *
Ruka 3:15 yambotaurwa, inoratidza kuti vamwe vaJudha vaifunga kuti Johani Mubhabhatidzi angangodaro aiva Kristu. Zvisinei, Johani akaratidza kuti zvavaifunga zvakanga zvisizvo paakataura kuti: “Uyo anouya pashure pangu akasimba kupfuura zvandakaita, ane hwashu dzandisina kukodzera kubvisa. Iyeye achakubhabhatidzai nomudzimu mutsvene uye nomoto.” (Mat. 3:11) Mashoko aJohani akatoita kuti vanhu vatonyanya kutarisira Mesiya.
Kuti vaJudha vemunguva yaJesu vangadaro vakaverenga nguva yokusvika kwaMesiya vachishandisa uprofita hwevhiki 70 huri pana Dhanieri 9:24-27 here? Zvinogona kunge zvakaitika asi hapana chinotsigira izvozvo. Chokwadi ndechokuti panguva yaJesu, vanhu vaidudzira zvakasiyana-siyana vhiki 70 idzodzo uye padudziro dzavo hapana kana imwe chete inoenderana nemanzwisisiro atave kuita mazuva ano. *
VaEssen avo vanofungidzirwa kuti vaiva rimwe boka rechiJudha, vaidzidzisa kuti makore 490 ava kunopera, kwaizova navanaMesiya vaviri, asi hatina chokwadi kana vaEssen ava vakaverenga nguva vachishandisa uprofita hwaDhanieri. Kana dai vakadaro, zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti vamwewo vaJudha vose vaizobvuma kuverenga nguva kwaiitwa nekapoka aka kaizviparadzanisa nevamwe.
Mumakore ekuma100 C.E., vamwe vaJudha vaitenda kuti vhiki 70 dzaitangira pakaparadzwa temberi yokutanga muna 607 B.C.E. kusvika pakaparadzwa temberi yechipiri muna 70 C.E., uye vamwe vaifunga kuti uprofita hwacho hwakazadziswa munguva yevaMakabhii mumakore ari pakati pa200 B.C.E. na100 B.C.E. Saka vaisabvumirana kuti vhiki 70 dzaifanira kuverengwa sei.
Kudai kuverengwa kwevhiki 70 kwainyatsonzwisiswa munguva yevaapostora, vaapostora nevamwewo vaKristu, vangadai vakashandisa uchapupu uhwu kuti varatidze kuti Jesu Kristu ndiye aiva Mesiya akapikirwa uye akasvika panguva chaiyo. Asi hapana chinoratidza kuti vaKristu vepakutanga vakashandisa uchapupu ihwohwo.
Pane imwe pfungwa inokosha yatinofanira kufunga nezvayo. Vanyori veEvhangeri vaiwanzoratidza kuti humwe uprofita huri muMagwaro echiHebheru hwakazadziswa naJesu Kristu. (Mateu 1:22, 23; 2:13-15; 4:13-16) Asi hapana kana mumwe vavo akashandisa uprofita hwevhiki 70 paaitaura nezvokuoneka kwaJesu panyika.
Saka hatigoni kutaura kuti vanhu vomunguva yaJesu vainyatsonzwisisa uprofita hwevhiki 70. Zvisinei, Evhangeri dzinopa zvikonzero zvine musoro zvaiita kuti vanhu ‘vatarisire’ kuuya kwaMesiya.
^ ndima 4 Bhaibheri haritauri kuti ngirozi dzakaimba pakazvarwa Jesu.
^ ndima 7 Tingabvunza kuti, Chii chakaita kuti vazivi venyeredzi vafunge kuti “nyeredzi” yavakaona kuMabvazuva yaiva nechokuita nokuberekwa kwa“mambo wevaJudha”? Pamwe vangangova vakanzwa nezvokuberekwa kwaJesu pavaipfuura nemuIsraeri.
^ ndima 9 Nzwisiso yedu yemazuva ano youprofita hwevhiki 70 iri mubhuku raFungisisa Uprofita hwaDhanieri! chitsauko 11.


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Mazuva aya akange ave kundibhowha kwazvo, ndaive ndatopedza hangu form four ndakafoira asi ndaive ndichisupplementa, semunhu aida kuzoita teacher ndakati rega ndiende kutown ndinoto garawo nasekuru kuti pamwe ndikaverenga ndiri mumagetsi ndinganatsoona zvakanaka , uye kuti ndinenge ndisingachatakuri mugomo, kutsvaga huni,
uyezve quality yevakomana vacho inenge iri nane, kwete mafudza mombe aya airova chimonera.
Ndaive ndisati ndamborara nemukomana kana musi umwe, asi mukomana wangu aive
ambondibata bata mazamu, nemagaro ndobva ndanzwa kudziirwa mumuviriri wose,ini ndikati eh, ko chave chii, akati oda kunditsvoda mukanwa make mainhuwha zvisingaiti, ndikati um, ndinonzwa zino, ndobva zvangopererera ipapo.Zvino kuHarare, hapana hapo
mukomana aive amboedza saka ndakangotiwo,hamheno, pamwe havasati vandionawo, mazigomana andaiona airukwa musoro, aine mhete, ndikangoti, hadzisi ngochani idzodzi?
Mbuya vaienda kuSouth Africa vachinotengesa, uye Sekuru vaive munhu wechidiki, mwana wavo wekutanga aive achangorumurwa arikuna mai vavo kumusha, zvino
mumwe musi mbuya vaenda kuSouth africa,ndakanzwa mumba mubedroom mavo muchichema mumwe mukadzi, aiita kunge arikunakidzwa nazvo achingoti oh, oh,oh,
come on,ah, ini ndobva ndamuka, ndokufamba ndichida kunobvunza sekuru
kuti kwaiva kwakanaka here, ndobva ndasvikosairira gonhi remumba masekuru ndokuwana
ivo sekuru vakakotsira vakabisa hembe dzose mboro yavo yasvava vakaibata,hana yangu ichibva yarova kwazvo, ndikati a,ko, zvi iko?, ndakatarisa paT.V yavo, ndikaona vanhu vaivepo, murume wechitema nemukadzi wechirungu vasina kupfeka, mutema aripamusoro , murungu wacho achisumudza uyu mutema,mboro yemutema yakanyura yose, achiita kukoira kwazvo, izvi zvakandinakidza,ndobva ndatarisa zimboro remunhu mutema uya ndikatarisa yasekuru,ndikaona yasekuru isina kukurisa kudaro, ndobva ndaziva kuti indava murungu uya aichema, ndakaramba ndakangoyeva, ndonakidzwa nezvavaiita, apa sekuru
vaive votorova ngonono.
Ndakazongoita sekudzorera door ravo, ndobva ndanyahwaira ndichienda kumba kwangu.
Handina kurara musi iwoyo,ndakambotora chigunwe changu, ndobva ndaedza kuchipinza mubeche rangu, ndikanzwa maiwee, kurwadza, ndikati, ko saka manje iyo mboro inokwana here chokwadi, munhu unobvaruka chokwadi.Ndaiti kana ndorara ndoona vanhu vaya murungu nemutema, ii, zvavaita zvakazondinakidza chose, ndakarara kahana kangu
kachiroverera, kuti hey dai, ndiri ini,asi naani manje?
Sekuru havana chavakambofungira, pakadzoka mbuya, ndakavanzwa mumwe musi
vachichemererawo zvaiita murungu uya ,ndikaziva kuti vaviri ava varikunakirana, ndakaenda padoor ravo,mumba mavo maive makabatidzwa light,ini pandaive paive nerima, ndakaona,
mbuya vakachonjomara, vasina kupfeka,vakabata mboro yasekuru, vachiita yekunanzva, vachiita yekuisa mukanwa, vomboita yekusveta, voita yekuisa yose mukanwa, ndonzwa sekuru voomba kunge mombe, ndakazoona mbuya votora machende asekuru, vodhonza zvinyoro nyoro nemazino, voasvisvina ose,


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Waizviziva Here?
Vavaki vengarava vekare vaiita sei kuti ngarava dzavo dzisapinda mvura?
Lionel Casson, uyo aiva nyanzvi yekuongorora ngarava dzekare, akatsanangura kuti vavaki vengarava vemunguva dzaitonga umambo hweRoma vaiita sei pavaipedza kunama munzvimbo dzaibatana mapuranga engarava dzavo. Zvainge zvakajairika kuti “vaname panosangana mapuranga kana kuti kunama kunze kwese nenamo inonzi bhitumini kana kuti nebhitumini yakasanganiswa newax, uye vaivhara mukati mose nebhitumini.” Kare nguva yevaRoma isati yasvika, vanhu vekuAkkad nevaBhabhironi vaishandisawo bhitumini kuti ngarava dzavo dzisapinda mvura.
Magwaro echiHebheru anotaurawo nezvekushandiswa kwenzira yakafanana pana Genesisi 6:14. Zviri pachena kuti shoko rechiHebheru rakashandurwa kuti “tara” pandima iyi riri kutaura nezvenamo inongonyuka yoga inonzi bhitumini, inobva mupetroleum.
Bhitumini iyi inogona kunge yakaita mvura-mvura kana kuti yakagwamba. Vavaki vengarava vekare vaishandisa yakaita mvura-mvura. Vaigona kungoinamisa ngarava dzavo isina zvimwe zvayaitwa. Bhitumini yacho yaibva yangooma, zvoita kuti mvura isapinda mungarava.
Bhitumini yainge yakawanda chaizvo munyika dzinotaurwa muBhaibheri. Bani reSidhimu, riri munharaunda yeGungwa Rakafa, “rakanga rakazara nemakomba ebhitumini.”—Genesisi 14:10.
Kare hove dzaiitwa sei kuti dzisaora?
Hove dzava nenguva refu dzichidyiwa uye dzichikosheswa. Vamwe vevaapostora vaJesu vaimbova vabati vehove muGungwa reGarireya vasati vatanga kufamba naye. (Mateu 4:18-22) Hapana mubvunzo kuti dzimwe hove dzaibatwa ikoko dzainogadzirwa mu“mafekitari” aiva pedyo.
Nzira ingangodaro yaishandiswa muGarireya yekare kuti hove dzisaora ndiyo ichiri kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Hove dzinotanga kutumburwa, dzogezwa mumvura. Bhuku rinonzi Studies in Ancient Technology rinorondedzera zvinozoitwa richiti: “Munyu wemagodo unobva wazorwa madzinofema namo, mumukanwa uye mumakwande. Dzimwe hove nemunyu zvinoiswa pamusoro pedzokutanga, zvovharwa nemashizha akasonanidzwa. Dzinozogara dzakadaro kwemazuva 3 kusvika ku5, dzopindurudzwa, dzopedzazve mazuva akafanana dzakadaro. Padzinenge dzichiomeswa seizvi, mvura inobuda uye hove dzinonyatsonwirira munyu. Kana dzaomeswa seizvi, hadzizotyoki-tyoki.”
Hazvizivikanwi kuti hove dzaizogara kwenguva yakareba sei kana dzaomeswa seizvi. Asi pfungwa yokuti vaIjipiti vekare vaitengesera Siriya hove dzavaiomesa inoratidza kuti nzira dzavaishandisa dzaibudirira.


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CHIKAMU 1
Tarisirai Kuna Mwari Kuti Muve Newanano Inofadza
“Iye akavasika kubva pakutanga akavaita munhurume nomunhukadzi.”—Mateu 19:4
Jehovha * Mwari ndiye akaita wanano yokutanga. Bhaibheri rinotiudza kuti akasika mukadzi wokutanga uye “akamuunza kumunhu.” Adhamu akafara chaizvo zvokuti akati: “Zvino iri ipfupa remapfupa angu nenyama yenyama yangu.” (Genesisi 2:22, 23) Jehovha achiri kuda kuti vanhu vakaroorana vafare.
Paunoroora kana kuroorwa, ungafunga kuti zvinhu zvose zvichava mutserendende. Zvisinei, chaizvoizvo kunyange murume nomudzimai vanonyatsodanana vanova nematambudziko. (1 VaKorinde 7:28) Mubhurocha rino, uchawana zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri zvinogona kuita kuti mufare muwanano yenyu nemumhuri menyu kana mukazvishandisa.—Pisarema 19:8-11.
1 BVUMA BASA RAWAKAPIWA NAJEHOVHA
ZVINOTAURWA NEBHAIBHERI: Murume ndiye musoro wemhuri.—VaEfeso 5:23.
Kana uri murume, Jehovha anoda kuti utarisire mudzimai wako nounyoro. (1 Petro 3:7) Jehovha akamusika kuti ave mukwanisi wako, uye anoda kuti uremekedze mudzimai wako uye umude. (Genesisi 2:18) Unofanira kuda mudzimai wako zvikuru zvokuti unonzwa uchida kukoshesa zvaanoda kupfuura zvaunoda.—VaEfeso 5:25-29.
Kana uri mudzimai, Jehovha anoda kuti uremekedze murume wako zvikuru uye kuti umubatsire kuita basa rake. (1 VaKorinde 11:3; VaEfeso 5:33) Tsigira zvisarudzo zvemurume wako uye shandira pamwe naye nemwoyo wose. (VaKorose 3:18) Paunoita izvi, uchafarirwa nomurume wako uye naJehovha.—1 Petro 3:1-6.
ZVAUNGAITA:
Bvunza mumwe wako kuti ungava sei murume kana kuti mudzimai ari nani. Nyatsoteerera, uye ita zvaunogona kuti uvandudze
Iva nemwoyo murefu. Zvichatora nguva kuti mose muri vaviri muzive kuti mungafadzana sei
2 IVA NEHANYA NEMANZWIRO EMUMWE WAKO
ZVINOTAURWA NEBHAIBHERI: Unofanira kuva nehanya nezvinofarirwa nemumwe wako. (VaFiripi 2:3, 4) Bata mumwe wako semunhu anokosha, uchiyeuka kuti Jehovha anoda kuti vashumiri vake vave “norupfave kuna vose.” (2 Timoti 2:24) ‘Mashoko anotaurwa asina kufungwa anobaya sezvinoita bakatwa, asi rurimi rwevakachenjera runoporesa.’ Saka sarudza mashoko ako nokungwarira. (Zvirevo 12:18) Mudzimu waJehovha uchakubatsira kuti utaure nemutsa nerudo.—VaGaratiya 5:22, 23; VaKorose 4:6.
ZVAUNGAITA:
Musati makurukura nyaya dzinokosha nyengeterera kubatsirwa kuti urambe wakadzikama uye kuti ukwanise kunzwawo zvinotaurwa nemumwe wako
Nyatsofunga zvauchataura uye matauriro auchazviita
3 ISAI MISORO PAMWE CHETE
ZVINOTAURWA NEBHAIBHERI: Pamunoroorana, munova, ‘nyama imwe’ nemumwe wako. (Mateu 19:5) Asi muchiri vanhu vaviri uye mungava nemafungiro akasiyana. Saka munofanira kudzidza kuva vakabatana pamafungiro uye pamanzwiro amunoita. (VaFiripi 2:2) Kubatana kunokosha pakuita zvisarudzo. Bhaibheri rinoti: “Zvirongwa zvinosimbiswa kwazvo nokupanana mazano.” (Zvirevo 20:18) Itai kuti zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri zvikutungamirirei pamunoita zvisarudzo zvinokosha pamwe chete.—Zvirevo 8:32, 33.
ZVAUNGAITA:
Ita kuti mumwe wako azive manzwiro ako, kwete kungomuudza mashoko chete kana kuti mafungiro ako
Inzwawo zvinofungwa nemumwe wako usati wazvipira kuita zvimwe zvinhu
^ ndima 4 Jehovha ndiro zita raMwari sezvinoratidzwa muBhaibheri.
Inzwa zvimwe
Varume
—Garai Nemadzimai Enyu Zvakanaka
Mhuri inogona kuwana zvose, asi ichishayiwa chimwe chinhu chinokosha.
Bhaibheri Rinogona Kundibatsira Here Kuva Nemhuri Inofara?
Mazano ouchenjeri anobva muBhaibheri akabatsira varume nevakadzi vakawanda kuti vafare mumhuri.


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Hana Yako Inokutungamirira Zvakanaka Here?
“Vavariro yomurayiro uyu rudo runobva mumwoyo wakachena nomuhana yakanaka.”—1 TIM. 1:5.
NZIYO: 57, 48
1, 2. Ndiani akatipa hana, uye nei tichifanira kutenda chipo ichi?
JEHOVHA MWARI akasika vanhu vaine rusununguko rwokusarudza zvavanoda. Akapa murume nemukadzi vokutanga hana, iyo yaizovaudza kuti zvakanaka uye zvakaipa ndezvipi. Kana hana ikashandiswa nemazvo, inogona kutibatsira kuita zvakanaka, torega kuita zvakaipa. Saka kupiwa kwatakaitwa hana kunoratidza kuti Jehovha anotida uye anoda kuti vanhu vose vabatane vachiita zvakanaka.
2 Mazuva ano vanhu vachiri kutungamirirwa nehana. (Verenga VaRoma 2:14, 15.) Vanhu vakawanda vari munyika vanoita zvakaipa, asi kune vamwe vanoita zvakanaka uye vanotosema zvakaipa. Hana yavo inorova pavanenge vava kuda kuita zvakaipa. Fungidzira kuti zvinhu zvaizowedzera kuipa zvakadini munyika kudai vanhu vasina hana. Zvinhu zvaizodai zvakatonyanya kuipa kupfuura zvazviri iye zvino. Saka tinotenda chaizvo kuti Jehovha akatipa hana.
3. Kuva nehana yakadzidziswa kunobatsira sei muungano yechiKristu?
3 Kusiyana nevanhu vari munyika, vashumiri vaJehovha vanodzidzisa hana dzavo. Vanoda kuti zvavanoudzwa nehana dzavo zvienderane nezvinonzi neShoko raMwari zvakanaka kana kuti zvakaipa. MuKristu ane hana yakanyatsodzidziswa anobatsira kuti ungano ibatane. Asi kuti tidzidzise hana yedu uye kuti tiishandise, hatifaniri kungogumira pakuziva zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri. Tinofanira kuda mitemo yaMwari uye kuva nokutenda kuti mitemo iyoyo yakatinakira. Pauro akanyora kuti: “Vavariro yomurayiro uyu rudo runobva mumwoyo wakachena nomuhana yakanaka nepakutenda kusina unyengeri.” (1 Tim. 1:5) Patinodzidzisa hana yedu toteerera zvainotiudza, tinowedzera kuda Jehovha uye kutenda kwedu kunosimba. Mashandisiro atinoita hana yedu anonyatsoratidza kuti ushamwari hwedu naJehovha hwakasimba zvakadini. Anoratidzawo zvakaita mwoyo wedu uye kuti tinoda kufadza Jehovha zvakadini. Chokwadi hana yedu inonyatsoratidza zvatiri chaizvo.
4. Tingadzidzisa sei hana yedu?
4 Asi tingadzidzisa sei hana yedu? Zvinokosha chaizvo kuti tigare tichidzidza Bhaibheri, tofungisisa zvatinoverenga uye tokumbira Jehovha kuti atibatsire kuita zvatinenge tadzidza. Zviri pachena kuti hatifaniri kungogumira pakuziva chokwadi uye kuziva mitemo. Kudzidza Bhaibheri kunofanira kutibatsira kuti tiwedzere kuziva kuti Jehovha ndiMwari akaita sei, uye kuti zvinhu zvipi zvaanoda nezvaasingadi. Kana tikaita izvozvo, hana yedu inotanga kutiudza zvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa naJehovha Mwari. Patinoramba tichidzidzisa hana yedu, tichapedzisira tava nemafungiro akafanana neaJehovha.
5. Tichakurukurei munyaya ino?
5 Asi hana yakanyatsodzidziswa ingatibatsira sei pakusarudza? Tingaremekedza sei zvinenge zvasarudzwa nevamwe vaKristu vachitungamirirwa nehana dzavo? Uye hana yedu ingatibatsira sei kuita mabasa akanaka? Tichifunga nezvemibvunzo iyoyo, ngationei kuti hana yedu ingatibatsira sei pazvinhu zvitatu zvinoti: (1) utano, (2) zvinotivaraidza, uye (3) ushumiri.
IVA MUNHU ANONZWISISA
6. Inyaya ipi inowanzobvunzwa nevamwe pavanenge vachida kusarudza zvokuita?
6 Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti hatifaniri kuita zvinhu zvinokanganisa utano hwedu uye kuti tinofanira kuva nemwero pazvinhu zvakadai sokudya nokunwa. (Zvir. 23:20; 2 VaK. 7:1) Kunyange zvazvo tichikwegura uye tichirwara, tinogona kuva neutano huri nani kana tikateerera mazano ari muBhaibheri. Munyika dzakasiyana-siyana munowanika mishonga yagara ichizivikanwa kuti inoshandiswa pakurapa uye mimwewo isinganyanyi kuzivikanwa asi ichigona kushandiswa kutsiva mishonga iyoyo. Mahofisi emapazi anogara achigamuchira tsamba dzinobva kuhama nehanzvadzi dzichibvunza nezvemarapirwo akasiyana-siyana. Vakawanda vanobvunza kuti, “Mushumiri waJehovha anofanira kurapwa nenzira ipi?”
7. Tingasarudza sei panyaya dzokurapwa?
7 Hofisi yebazi kana kuti vakuru vari muungano havasarudziri mumwe muKristu zvokuita panyaya yokurapwa, kunyange akakumbira kuti vamusarudzire. (VaG. 6:5) Asi vanogona kumubatsira kuona zvinotaurwa naJehovha uye izvozvo zvichamubatsira kusarudza zvakanaka. Somuenzaniso, muKristu anofanira kuyeuka murayiro womuBhaibheri wokuti ‘arambe achirega . . . ropa.’ (Mab. 15:29) Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti haatombobvumi kuwedzerwa ropa kana kuti chero chimwe chezvikamu zvaro zvina zvikuru. Kuziva izvozvo kunogonawo kubatsira muKristu pakusarudza kuti obvuma here kana kuti orega kurapwa pachishandiswa zvikamu zviduku zvakabviswa muzvikamu zvina zvikuru zveropa. * Asi ndeapi mamwe mazano eBhaibheri angatibatsira pakusarudza nzira dzokurapwa nadzo?
8. VaFiripi 4:5 inotibatsira sei panyaya dzoutano?
8 Zvirevo 14:15 inoti: “Munhu asina zivo anongotenda mashoko ose, asi munhu ane njere anofunga nezvenhanho dzake.” Mazuva ano, kune zvimwe zvirwere zvisati zvawanirwa mishonga. Saka tinofanira kungwarira patinonzwa nezvemishonga inonzi inorapa chaizvo asi pasina uchapupu hunoratidza izvozvo. Pauro akafemerwa kunyora kuti: “Kunzwisisa kwenyu ngakuzivikanwe nevanhu vose.” (VaF. 4:5) Kuva vanhu vanonzwisisa kunotibatsirawo kuti tisanyanya kukoshesa nyaya dzoutano zvokuti tinopedzisira tasara nenguva shoma yokuita zvinhu zvokunamata. Kana tikanyanya kukoshesa nyaya dzoutano muupenyu hwedu, tinopedzisira tava kungofunga zvakatinakira. (VaF. 2:4) Kushumira Jehovha ndiko kunonyanya kukosha, saka tinofanira kuziva pokugumira panyaya dzine chokuita noutano.—Verenga VaFiripi 1:10.
9. VaRoma 14:13, 19 inotibatsira sei kusarudza panyaya dzoutano, uye kubatana kwedu kungakanganiswa sei?
9 MuKristu anonzwisisa haamanikidzi vamwe kuti vave nemaonero akafanana neake. Mune imwe nyika yokuEurope, mumwe murume nemudzimai vaibva vatoiita zvokushingaira kukurudzira vamwe kuti vatevedzere purogiramu yavo yekudya uye kuti vashandise imwe mhando yemapiritsi kuvandudza utano hwavo. Vakanyengetedza dzimwe hama dzikabvuma kushandisa mapiritsi iwayo, asi dzimwe dzakaramba. Mapiritsi acho paakaramba kushanda, vakawanda havana kufara nazvo. Murume nomudzimai ava vaiva nekodzero yokuzvisarudzira voga zvavanoda kudya kana kuti mapiritsi avanoda kushandisa kuti vavandudze utano hwavo. Asi zvaiva zvakakodzera here kuti vakanganise kubatana kweungano nenyaya youtano? VaKristu vaiva muRoma vaimbova nemaonero akasiyana panyaya yezvokudya uye yokuchengeta mamwe mazuva. Pauro akavapa zano rokutii? Paaitaura nezvenyaya yokuchengeta mazuva, akati: “Mumwe munhu anoti rimwe zuva rinopfuura rimwe; mumwe munhu anoti rimwe zuva rakafanana nemamwe ose; munhu mumwe nomumwe ngaave nechokwadi kwazvo mupfungwa dzake.” Zvaikosha chaizvo kuti varege kugumbura vamwe.—Verenga VaRoma 14:5, 13, 15, 19, 20.
10. Nei tichifanira kuremekedza zvinenge zvasarudzwa nevamwe? (Ona mufananidzo uri panotangira nyaya ino.)
10 Kana tikasanzwisisa kuti nei hana yomumwe muKristu yamubvumira kana kuti yamurambidza kuita chimwe chinhu, hatifaniri kubva tatomutonga kana kumumanikidza kuti achinje zvaanenge asarudza. Zvimwe hana yake haisati ‘yasimba’ uye ichiri kuda kudzidziswa, kana kuti inokurumidza kugumburwa nezvimwe zvinhu. (1 VaK. 8:11, 12) Asi pamwe pacho ndisu tinenge tichifanira kuongorora hana yedu, iyo inogona kunge ichiri kuda kudzidziswa kuti iite zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa naMwari. Panyaya dzine chokuita noutano, mumwe nemumwe wedu anofanira kuzvisarudzira zvaanoda uye hapana anofanira kuzopa mumwe munhu mhosva kana paine zvinenge zvaitika.
VARAIDZWA NEZVINHU ZVINOVAKA
11, 12. Pakusarudza zvokuvaraidzwa nazvo, izano ripi remuBhaibheri ratinofanira kufunga nezvaro?
11 Jehovha akatisika tichikwanisa kunakidzwa nezvinhu zvinovaraidza. Soromoni akanyora kuti pane “nguva yokuseka” uye “nguva yokusvetuka-svetuka.” (Mup. 3:4) Asi hazvisi zvinhu zvose zvinovaraidza zvinobatsira, kana kuti zvinozorodza; uyewo hazvina kunaka kuti tipedze nguva yakawanda tichiita zvinhu izvozvo. Hana yedu ingatibatsira sei kuti tinakidzwe nevaraidzo yakanaka?
12 Magwaro anotinyevera kuti tisaita “mabasa enyama.” Mabasa iwayo anosanganisira “ufeve, kusachena, kusazvibata, kunamata zvidhori, tsika yokuita zvemidzimu, kuvengana, kupopotedzana, godo, kufufutirwa nehasha, kukakavadzana, kupesana, kuita tumapoka, shanje, kunwira kudhakwa, mitambo yemafaro akanyanyisa, nezvinhu zvakaita seizvi.” Pauro akanyora kuti vanhu “vane tsika yokuita zvinhu zvakadai havazogari nhaka youmambo hwaMwari.” (VaG. 5:19-21) Saka tinofanira kuzvibvunza kuti: ‘Hana yangu inondibatsira here kudzivisa mitambo inoda zvembabvu, yemakwikwi, kana kuti inoita kuti ndipedzisire ndava kudada nenyika yangu? Hana yangu inondinyevera here pandinosangana nomuedzo wokuona firimu rinoratidza zvinonyadzisira kana kuti rinokurudzira unzenza, udhakwa uye zvemidzimu?’
13. Mashoko ari pana 1 Timoti 4:8 uye Zvirevo 13:20 anotibatsira sei pakusarudza zvinotivaraidza?
13 Bhaibheri rinewo mazano anogona kutibatsira kudzidzisa hana yedu panyaya yevaraidzo. Rimwe zano nderokuti “kurovedza muviri kunobatsira zvishoma.” (1 Tim. 4:8) Vakawanda vakaona kuti kugara uchirovedza muviri kunoita kuti uve noutano hwakanaka uye kunoita kuti muviri nepfungwa zvishande zvakanaka. Ko kana uchida kusimbisa muviri uine vamwe vanhu, unofanira kungotora munhu wose wose here? Zvirevo 13:20 inoti: “Munhu anofamba nevanhu vakachenjera achava akachenjera, asi iye anofambidzana nemapenzi zvichamuipira.” Saka zvinokosha kuti titungamirirwe nehana yedu yakadzidziswa neBhaibheri pakusarudza varaidzo.
14. Imwe mhuri yakashandisa sei mazano ari pana VaRoma 14:2-4?
14 Christian naDaniela vane vanasikana vavo vaviri. Christian anoti: “Mamwe manheru pataiita Kunamata Kwemhuri, takakurukura nezvevaraidzo. Takaona kuti kune dzimwe nzira dzokunakidzwa nadzo dzakanaka asi kunewo dzimwe dzakaipa. Ndevapi vanhu vatingati ishamwari dzakanaka? Mumwe mwanasikana wedu akataura kuti pavanenge vari panguva yokuzorora kuchikoro, zvimwe Zvapupu zvinoita zvinhu zvaanoona sokuti hazvina kunaka. Akataura kuti ainzwa achida kuitawo zvavaiita. Takakurukura kuti mumwe nomumwe wedu ane hana, uye hana iyoyo inofanira kumutungamirira pakusarudza zvokuita uye vanhu vaanoita navo zvinhu izvozvo.”—Verenga VaRoma 14:2-4.
15. Mashoko ari pana Mateu 6:33 angatibatsira sei patinenge tichironga kuita zvinhu zvinotivaraidza?
15 Chimwewo chatinofanira kufunga nezvacho inguva yatinopedza tichiita zvinhu zvinotivaraidza. Unoita kuti zvinhu zvokunamata zvakadai sokupinda misangano, kuparidza uye kudzidza Bhaibheri zvive pokutanga muupenyu hwako here, kana kuti unoita kuti varaidzo ive pokutanga? Chii chaunonyanya kukoshesa? Jesu akati: “Saka, rambai muchitanga kutsvaka umambo nokururama kwake, uye izvi zvimwe zvinhu zvose zvichawedzerwa kwamuri.” (Mat. 6:33) Hana yako inokubatsira kuteerera zano raJesu here?
KUITA MABASA AKANAKA
16. Hana yedu inogona kutibatsira sei panyaya yokuparidza?
16 Hana yakanaka haingogumiri pakutinyevera kuti tisaita zvakaipa. Inoitawo kuti tide kuita mabasa akanaka. Rimwe remabasa iwayo nderokuparidza paimba neimba uye kuparidza zvisina kurongwa. Hana yaPauro yakamubatsira kuita izvozvo. Akanyora kuti: “Ndinofanira kuzviita. Chokwadi, ndine nhamo kana ndikasazivisa mashoko akanaka!” (1 VaK. 9:16) Patinotevedzera Pauro, hana yedu ichatiudza kuti tiri kuita zvakanaka. Uye patinoparidza mashoko akanaka, tinobatsirawo vamwe kuti hana dzavo dziite zvinoenderana nezvinotaurwa neBhaibheri. Pauro akati: “Tinoita kuti chokwadi chive pachena uye tinoratidza pachena kuti tiri muenzaniso wakanaka kuhana yomunhu wose pamberi paMwari.”—2 VaK. 4:2.
17. Imwe hanzvadzi yechiduku yakateerera sei zvayaiudzwa nehana yayo?
17 Jacqueline paaiva nemakore 16, aiita chidzidzo chebiology kuchikoro uye vakatsanangurirwa nezvedzidziso yokuti zvinhu zvakaita zvokushanduka-shanduka. Jacqueline anoti, “Paikurukurwa nyaya iyi mukirasi, hana yangu yaindirambidza kuti ndipindurewo kakawanda sezvandaiita pataidzidza zvimwe zvinhu. Zvaindiremera kuti nditsigire dzidziso yokushanduka-shanduka. Ndakaenda kumudzidzisi wangu ndikamuudza zvandaitenda panyaya iyi. Ndakashamiswa kuti ainge akasununguka pandaitaura naye uye akandipa mukana wokuti nditaure pamberi pekirasi yose nezvokuti zvinhu zvakaita zvokusikwa.” Jacqueline akafara chaizvo nokuti akaita zvaaiudzwa nehana yake yakadzidziswa neBhaibheri. Hana yako inokubatsirawo here kuti uite mabasa akanaka?
18. Nei zvichikosha kuti tive nehana yakanaka yatinogona kuvimba nayo?
18 Chinangwa chedu ndechokuti upenyu hwedu hunyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa naJehovha. Hana yedu inogona kutibatsira chaizvo kuti tiite izvozvo. Kana tikagara tichidzidza Shoko raMwari, tichifungisisa zvatinoverenga uye toedza kuzvishandisa, tinenge tichitodzidzisa hana yedu kuti ishande zvakanaka. Kana tikadaro, hana yedu ichatitungamirira zvakanaka muupenyu hwedu sevaKristu.
^ ndima 7 Ona “Mibvunzo Inobva Kuvaverengi” muNharireyomurindi yaJune 15, 2004, mapeji 29-31.


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JW LANGUAGE
Inokwanisa Kushanda paAndroid
JW Language App yakagadzirwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha kuti ibatsire vanoda kudzidza mumwe mutauro kuti vadzidze mashoko emutauro wacho uye kuti vavandudze unyanzvi hwavo pakukurukura vachishandisa mutauro wacho muushumiri uye pamisangano yeungano.
Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa
JW Language inoshanda pamidziyo iyi:
Nekukurumidza ichange yava kukwanisa kushanda pamidziyo inotevera:
Hapana urongwa hwekuti ishande pamidziyo inotevera:
Shamwari inoziva nezveJW Language inogona kukubatsira. Kana isingakwanisi, tapota zadza uye tumira fomu redu repaIndaneti rekukumbira rubatsiro (Rinongowanika muChirungu chete).


text:
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Bhaibheri repaIndaneti
SHANDURO YENYIKA ITSVA YEMAGWARO MATSVENE
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
25 Kwapera nguva yakati, Samueri+ akafa; vaIsraeri vose vakaungana, vakamuchema,+ vakamuviga pamba pake muRama.+ Dhavhidhi akabva asimuka, akaenda kurenje reParani.+
2 Zvino muMaoni+ maiva nomumwe murume, uye aishandira muKameri.+ Murume wacho akanga ari mukuru kwazvo, akanga aine makwai zviuru zvitatu nembudzi chiuru; uye aiveura+ makwai ake muKameri.
3 Murume wacho ainzi Nabhari,+ uye mudzimai wake ainzi Abhigairi.+ Mudzimai wacho akanga akangwara+ uye aine chimiro chakanaka, asi murume wacho akanga aine hasha uye akaipa pamabasa ake;+ uye aiva muKarebhi.+
4 Dhavhidhi akanzwa ari murenje kuti Nabhari akanga achiveura+ makwai ake.
5 Naizvozvo Dhavhidhi akatuma varume gumi, Dhavhidhi akati kuvarume vacho: “Kwirai kuKameri, musvike kuna Nabhari, mumubvunze kuti akadini+ nezita rangu.
6 Muti kuhama yangu, ‘Iva norugare+ uye imba yakowo ngaive norugare nezvose zvauinazvo ngazvive norugare.
7 Zvino ndanzwa kuti une vaveuri. Takanga tiine vafudzi vako.+ Hatina kuvanetsa,+ uye hapana kana chavo chakashayikwa mazuva ose avakanga vari kuKameri.
8 Bvunza varume vako, vachakuudza, kuti unzwire nyasha varume vangu, nokuti tauya pazuva rakanaka. Ndapota, chingopa vashandi vako nomwanakomana wako Dhavhidhi chero chauinacho.’”+
9 Naizvozvo varume vaDhavhidhi vakasvika, vakataurira Nabhari maererano nemashoko aya ose nezita raDhavhidhi vachibva vamirira.
10 Nabhari akabva apindura vashandi vaDhavhidhi, akati: “Dhavhidhi ndianiko,+ uye mwanakomana waJese ndianiko? Mazuva ano vashandi vari kutiza, mumwe nomumwe achitiza tenzi wake, vawanda.+
11 Zvino nditore chingwa+ changu nemvura yangu nenyama yangu yandaurayira vaveuri vangu ndopa varume vandisingatombozivi kwavanobva here?”+
12 Varume vaDhavhidhi vakabva vatendeuka, vakadzokera, vakasvika, vakamuudza maererano nemashoko ose aya.
13 Dhavhidhi akabva ati kuvarume vake: “Munhu wose ngaasungirire bakatwa rake!”+ Nokudaro mumwe nomumwe akasungirira bakatwa rake uye Dhavhidhi akasungirirawo bakatwa rake; vakatanga kutevera Dhavhidhi, varume vanenge mazana mana, asi mazana maviri akanga akagara pedyo nomukwende.+
14 Munguva iyi, mumwe wevarume vacho akaudza Abhigairi, mudzimai waNabhari, achiti: “Tarirai! Dhavhidhi atuma nhume kubva kurenje kuti dzizokwazisa tenzi wedu, asi iye adzituka+ kwazvo.
15 Varume vacho vakanga vakanaka kwazvo kwatiri, havana kutinetsa, uye hatina kana chatakashayiwa mazuva ose atakafamba-famba navo patakanga tiri musango.+
16 Vakava rusvingo+ kumativi edu ose usiku nemasikati, mazuva ose atakanga tiinavo, tichifudza makwai.
17 Zvino zivai, muone zvamuchaita, nokuti tenzi wedu neimba yake yose vasarudzirwa dambudziko,+ zvaakanyanya kuva munhu pasina+ kuti titaure naye.”
18 Abhigairi+ akabva achimbidza, akatora zvingwa mazana maviri nezvirongo zvikuru zvewaini+ zviviri nemakwai mashanu akagadzirwa+ nemaseya mashanu ezviyo zvakakangwa+ nemakeke emazambiringa akaomeswa+ zana nemakeke emaonde akasvinwa+ mazana maviri, akazviisa pambongoro.
19 Akabva ati kumajaya ake: “Tungamirai.+ Tarirai! Ndiri kukuteverai.” Asi haana zvaakaudza murume wake Nabhari.
20 Paakanga akatasva mbongoro+ achiburuka mugomo chinyararire, chokwadi Dhavhidhi nevarume vake vakanga vachiuya kuzosangana naye. Naizvozvo akasangana navo.
21 Asi Dhavhidhi, akanga ati: “Ndakarinda zvinhu zvose zvomunhu uyu murenje kuti ndiodzwe mwoyo zvangu uye hapana kana chimwe chete pazvinhu zvake chakashayikwa,+ asi anonditsiva zvakaipa nokuda kwezvakanaka.+
22 Naizvozvo Mwari ngaaitire vavengi vaDhavhidhi saizvozvo uye ngaawedzere pazviri+ kana ndikarega ani naani wevanhurume+ vake vose ari mupenyu kusvikira mangwanani.”+
23 Abhigairi paakaona Dhavhidhi, akabva achimbidza, akaburuka pambongoro, akawira pasi nechiso chake pamberi paDhavhidhi, akakotama.+
24 Akabva awira patsoka dzake,+ akati: “Kukanganisa ngakuve pandiri,+ haiwa ishe wangu; ndapota, murandasikana wenyu ngaataure muchinzwa,+ uye teererai mashoko omurandasikana wenyu.
25 Ndapota, ishe wangu ngaarege kuisa mwoyo wake pamurume uyu pasina,+ iye Nabhari, nokuti zvakaita zita rake, ndizvo zvaakaita. Zita rake ndiNabhari, uye upenzi huri maari.+ Ini murandasikana wenyu, handina kuona varume vashe wangu vamanga matuma.
26 Zvino, ishe wangu, naJehovha mupenyu+ uye nomweya wenyu mupenyu,+ Jehovha akudzivisai+ kuva nemhosva yeropa+ uye kuita kuti ruoko rwenyu rukuponesei.+ Zvino vavengi venyu nevaya vari kutsvaka kuitira ishe wangu zvinokuvadza ngavave saNabhari.+
27 Zvino chipo chokuonga+ ichi chaunzwa nomushandikadzi wenyu kunashe wangu, ngachipiwe varume vari kufamba-famba vachitevera tsoka+ dzashe wangu.
28 Ndapota, regererai kudarika kwomurandasikana wenyu,+ nokuti chokwadi Jehovha achaitira ishe wangu imba inogara kwenguva refu,+ nokuti ishe wangu ari kurwa hondo dzaJehovha;+ uye zvakaipa hazvizowaniki mamuri mazuva enyu ose.+
29 Munhu paanosimuka kuti akudzingirirei nokutsvaka nzira yokuuraya mweya wenyu, mweya washe wangu uchava wakaputirwa muhomwe youpenyu+ naJehovha Mwari wenyu;+ asi mweya yevavengi venyu, achaipotsera sokunge kuti iri kubva muchipfuramabwe.+
30 Nokuti Jehovha achaitira ishe wangu zvakanaka maererano nezvose zvaakataura, achakurayirai kuti muve mutungamiriri waIsraeri.+
31 Izvi ngazvirege kukudzungaidzai kana kuti kuva chinhu chinogumbura mwoyo watenzi wangu, nokuteura ropa pasina chikonzero+ uye nokuita kuti ruoko rwashe wangu rumuponese.+ Jehovha achaitira ishe wangu zvakanaka, uye yeukai+ murandasikana wenyu.”
32 Dhavhidhi akabva ati kuna Abhigairi: “Jehovha Mwari waIsraeri ngaarumbidzwe,+ akutuma nhasi kuti usangane neni!
33 Kuchenjera+ kwako ngakukomborerwe, uye komborerwa iwe wandidzivisa nhasi kuti ndirege kuva nemhosva yeropa+ uye ndiite kuti ruoko rwangu rundiponese.+
34 Uyewo, naJehovha Mwari waIsraeri mupenyu, andidzivisa kukuitira chinhu chinokuvadza,+ kudai wanga usina kuchimbidza kuti usangane neni,+ chokwadi Nabhari angadai asina kusarirwa nomunhurume+ chero upi zvake kusvikira kwaedza mangwanani.”
35 Naizvozvo Dhavhidhi akagamuchira paruoko rwake zvaakanga amuunzira, akati kwaari: “Enda kumba kwako norugare.+ Ona, ndateerera inzwi rako kuti ndive nehanya+ newe.”
36 Gare gare Abhigairi akapinda maiva naNabhari, akamuwana achiita mutambo mumba make wakafanana nomutambo wamambo;+ uye mwoyo waNabhari waifara, uye akanga akadhakwa+ kwazvo; asi haana kana kumuudza chinhu, chiduku kana chikuru, kusvikira kwaedza mangwanani.
37 Mangwanani, Nabhari paakanga apengenuka pawaini, mudzimai wake akamuudza zvinhu izvi. Mwoyo+ wake ukava wakafa mukati make, iye akaita sedombo.
38 Pashure paizvozvo mazuva anenge gumi akapfuura, Jehovha akabva arova+ Nabhari, zvokuti akafa.
39 Zvino Dhavhidhi akanzwa kuti Nabhari akanga afa, nokudaro akati: “Jehovha ngaarumbidzwe, areverera mhosva+ yokuzvidzwa+ kwangu kuti andisunungure paruoko rwaNabhari uye adzora mushumiri wake pakuita zvakaipa,+ uye Jehovha adzorera zvakaipa zvaNabhari pamusoro wake!”+ Dhavhidhi akatuma shoko kunokumbira Abhigairi kuti amutore ave mudzimai wake.+
40 Naizvozvo vashandi vaDhavhidhi vakasvika kuna Abhigairi kuKameri, vakataura naye, vachiti: “Dhavhidhi atituma kwamuri kuti tikutorei muve mudzimai wake.”
41 Akabva asimuka, akakotama, chiso chake chakatarira pasi,+ akati: “Heuno murandasikana wenyu kuti ave mushandikadzi wokuti ageze tsoka+ dzevashandi vashe wangu.”+
42 Abhigairi+ akabva achimbidza, akasimuka, akatasva+ mbongoro, vashandikadzi vake vashanu vachifamba vari shure kwake; uye akaenda nenhume dzaDhavhidhi akabva ava mudzimai wake.
43 Dhavhidhi akanga atorawo Ahinoamu+ wokuJezreeri;+ uye vakadzi vacho, vari vaviri, vakava madzimai ake.+
44 Asi Sauro akanga apa mwanasikana wake Mikari,+ mudzimai waDhavhidhi kuna Pariti+ mwanakomana waRaishi, wokuGarimu.+
Tumirawo vamwe
Tumirawo vamwe
1 Samueri 25
Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yeMagwaro Matsvene
https://www.jw.org/finder?docid=1011452&Book=9&Chapter=25&wtlocale=CA&srcid=share
Shona
mailto:?body=Verengera Bhaibheri paIndaneti%0a%0ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.jw.org%2Ffinder%3Fdocid%3D1011452%26Book%3D9%26Chapter%3D25%26wtlocale%3DCA%26srcid=share&subject=Verengera Bhaibheri paIndaneti
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text:
Waizviziva Here?
Shoko rechiGiriki rekuti eu·nou′khos rinorevei?
Mune dzimwe ndima dzeBhaibheri shoko iri rakashandurwa richireva murume akabviswa manhu. Vamwe varume vaibviswa manhu senzira yekurangwa kana kuti pavaibatwa vova varanda. Varume vaivimbwa navo avo vainge vakabviswa manhu vaichengeta dzimba dzevakadzi pamizinda yemadzimambo. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vainge vakadaro ndiHegai naShaashgazi avo vaichengeta madzimai nevarongo vaMambo wePezhiya, Ahashivheroshi, uyo anofungidzirwa kuti ndiye ainzi Xerxes I.
Asiwo mune dzimwe ndima dzeBhaibheri shoko racho rinoshandurwa kuti “mukuru mukuru aipiwa mabasa mumuzinda wamambo.” Vamwe vevarume vakadaro vaiva Ebhedhi-mereki uyo aishanda naJeremiya, uye mumwe murume wekuItiopiya asina kunyorwa zita rake, uyo akaparidzirwa nemuevhangeri Firipi. Hapana mubvunzo kuti Ebhedhi-mereki aiva nechinzvimbo chepamusoro nokuti aitaura naMambo Zedhekiya mbune. (Jeremiya 38:7, 8) MuItiopiya uyu anonzi aiva muchengeti wepfuma yeumambo “akanga aenda kuJerusarema kunonamata.”
Nei vafudzi vanotaurwa muBhaibheri vaiparadzanisa makwai nembudzi?
Paaitsanangura nezvenguva iri kuuya yekutongwa, Jesu akati: “Mwanakomana womunhu paanosvika achibwinya, . . . achaparadzanisa vanhu mumwe achibva kune mumwe, sokuparadzanisa kunoita mufudzi makwai nembudzi.” (Mateu 25:31, 32) Sei vafudzi vachiparadzanisa mhuka idzi?
Kakawanda, makwai nembudzi zvaifudzwa uye zvaisiyiwa zvichifura pamwe chete muswere wezuva. Asi kana ava manheru zvaiiswa mumatanga, kuti zvisadyiwe nemhuka dzemusango, zvisabiwe uye zvisanyanya kutonhorwa. (Genesisi 30:32, 33; 31:38-40) Makwai nembudzi zvaiiswa mumatanga akasiyana kuti makwai, kunyanya nhunzvi pamwe nemakwayana, zvisakuvadzwa nembudzi dzine ukasha. Bhuku rinonzi All Things in the Bible, rinoti mufudzi aiparadzanisawo makwai nembudzi, makwai “paainge achibereka, achiyamwisa, kana kuti achiveurwa.” Saka muenzaniso wakashandiswa naJesu waibva pane zvaiitwa uye zvaizivikanwa nevanhu vaaiparidzira vekumaruwa, avo vaigara munharaunda yainge yakada kufanana neIsraeri.
Inzwa zvimwe
Mararamiro Emunguva Dzinotaurwa muBhaibheri
—Mufudzi
Mufudzi aifudza mhuka dzipi? Ndezvipi zvimwe zvaaiita?


text:
WASHINGTON —
Mudare remakurukota munonzi makandiranwa makobvu nematete apo mange muchizeyiwa nyaya yekupisirwa mumba kwaChristpowers Simbarashe Maisiri kuHeadlands.
Christpowers mwana waVaShephered Maisiri, mutevedzeri wemunyori anoona nezvemabasa muMDC-T kuHeadlands.
Vane ruzivo nezvaitika vanoti gurukota muhofisi yemutungamiri wehurumende, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, VaJameson Timba, vanonzi ndivo vakanda nhau yerufu rwaChristpowers mudariro vachishora zvikuru nyaya yemhirizhonga.
VaTimba vanonzi vatsigirwa nemakurukota akawanda eMDC-T kusanganisira munyori mukuru mubato iri, VaTendai Biti. Makurukota eMDC-T ange achipopotera gurukota muhofisi yemutungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, VaDidymus Mutasa, vanova mumiriri wenzvimbo iyi vachiti ndivo vanofamba vachikurudzira mhirizhonga.
VaMutasa vakatsamwisa nhengo dzeMDC-T nemashoko avo ekuti VaMaisiri vaive mutsigiri weZanu-PF. VaMutasa vanonzi vadyawo magaka neminzwa yawo vachiti havanei nechekuita nezverufu urwu.
Zvinonzi VaMugabe vangosara vati kanha nekukandirana makobvu nematete kwange kuchiitika pakati penhengo dzedare remakurukota.
Dare iri rinonzi ratora nguva yakareba zvikuru vanhu vachitukana nekunyombana.
Papera dare iri VaTsvangirai vanonzi vati kuna VaMugabe vaende vose kunoviga mwana uyu neChina, asi VaMugabe vati havakwanise.
MDC-T yazivisa kuti VaTsvangirai ndivo vachatungamira pakuvigwa kwaChristpowers nemusi weChina.
Mutumbi waChistpowers unonzi wange uchivhenekwa navanamazvikokota kuParirenyatwa kuitira kuti paonekwe kuti chii chakamuuraya.
Studio 7 yayedza kubata VaMutasa asi havana kudavira nhare yavo.
Nyanzvi munyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika, VaSanderson Makombe, mumwe wevakapona nepasaka reshumba apo mota yavaifamba nayo yakapiswa nevanofungidzirwa kuti vasori muna 2000, vanhu vaviri vakafa muchiitiko ichi vanoti hapana zvinobatsira kutaura kana vari kuponda vanhu vasiri kusungwa.


text:
THE SEXCAPADES OF THELMA AND MASASI, MWANA ANEMAZIMHATA NEMAZAMHU MAHOMBE
Ndakamubvira kare ndichida kumusvira bt iye airamba achiti anoda mukomana wake. Musi waakawanikidza mkomana uya achisvira mumwe mskana akarwadziwa akauya arispeed kuinbox kwangu achida kusvirwa. Takaronga ndokusangana. Mwana aive nedako iyeye, aive jaindi aine mazamhu mahombe arimurefu kwandiri. Ndakamisa mboro nekungotarisa chete mhata dzake…..
Ndakatanga kumubata nekumukisa heavy, iye akange akandibatawo achiratidza kuzvifarira zvandaimuita. takakumurana hembe ndokuuya kuseri kwake kuti ndikweshere mboro pamhata dzake……ndakabva ndatanga kubata mazamhu ake apo iye achitambisa chiuno kuti anzwe pressure yemboro pamhata dzake. aiita sekunge arikukoira mbijana so ini ndakafasa mboro ndichidziirwa nemhata dzake apo zamhu …….ndakamuradzika pabed ndokutanga kuyamwa mazamhu ake. ndakatanga kutamba nekabeans kake mwana ndokutanga kushinyira. ndaiti ndikarumirira kamunyatso kezamhu ndoisa chigunwe….
mubeche ndodzoka futy kukabeans. pandiisa chignwe mubeche aiva ati aaaaaaahhhhhh achisimudza musana kunge kukoira chigunwe apo ndichingoyamwa chete zamhu. Mwana akange aakufemereka kunge munhu ambomhanya apo beche ratota jakwachakwa chairo. aive aakungoti masasi kani, mai kani aaaahh ini zvangu ini aaaah. akatora mboro yangu ndokutanga kuiyamwa kunge lolipop…..ndakatanga kunzwa ropa kupera mumuviri richidzika rese kumboro. yakange yanyatsomira kuti twii apo yabuda tsinga yaakurwadza yakuda kusvira. kuyamwiwa kwakange kwonaka ndikazomumisa kuti ndichisvire…
ndaida kumurova missionary pakatunga bt iye akange atoopamusoro pangu atoigarira. akaitora ndokuipinza ega mubeche. akauya munzeve mangu zvikanzi masasi nyatsondisvira ndinakirwe……akatanga kundikoira zvinyoronyoro mboro ichipinda hayo mubeche ini ndakabata mazimhata ake apo ndichiyamwa mazamhu. mwana aikoira vakomana. ndakanyatsonzwa kunaka kwebeche rake rese…..aikoira nemaside ese achichinjachinja speed ini ndichikoirawo zvaienderana nemakoils ake kuitira kuti ndisvike makona ese ebeche tichinakirana hedu nemwana achingoti aaah aaah aaah aaah…
ndakamusandura ndokutanga kumusvira akaisa makumbo pamafudzi pangu akatanga kutamba nekabeans kake ndichimupomba ndichiita kunge ndichamudambura beche……ndakazomufongoresa ndokurova mhata semhata, ndaikoira mwana ndakabata mhata dzake dzichitamba tamba kuenderana nemasviriro andaita, mwana akange oridza mhere achinakirwa.¬†mwana akange ongati aaaaauuuuu aaaaauuuu masasi kani ndichisvira, aiita achimbosimudza rimwe gumbo kuti inyatsopinda yese sezvo ainakirwa nemboro…..
Akaizvomora ndokundigadzika paedge pebed ndokutanga kundikoira akndigarira akafuratira ndichitambisirwa mhata. akanditi ndimuudze kana ndaakutunda coz aida kutundirwa mukanwa……akazonzwa ndoridza mhere ndokuziva kuti ndofa nekunakirwa ndokusimuka ndokutanga kundiyamwa. anhuwoye kutundira mkanwa kaone, mboro inosara yakachena!


text:
WASHINGTON —
Mutungamiri we African National Congress, ANC, VaJacob Zuma, vasarudzwa zvakare neChipiri kuti vatungamire bato ravo kwemamwe makore mashanu.
Kusarudzwa kwaVaZuma, avo vanova zvakare mutungamiri weSouth Africa, kunoreva kuti vanenge votarisirwa zvakare kumirira bato iri musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika muna 2014.
VaZuma vakasarudzwa semutungamiri wenyika muna 2009, mushure mekunge vasarudzwa kutungamira ANC muna 2007.
VaZuma, avo vave nemakore makumi manomwe, vanga vachikwikwidzwa nemutevedzeri wavo, VaKgalema Monthlante, musarudzo yapindwa nenhengo dze ANC dzinodarika zviuru zvina kuMangaung
, Bloemfontein.
VaZuma vawana mavhoti anodarika zviuru zviviri nemazana mapfumbamwe, ukuwo VaMonthlante vakawana mavhoti ari pasi pechiuru.
Muzvinabhizinesi ane mukurumbira mu South Africa, VaCyril Ramaphosa, ndivo vasarudzwa kuva mutevedzeri waVaZuma. VaGwede Manthashe vadzorwa semunyori mukuru webato, vachitevedzerwa naMuzvare Jessie Duarte.
Sachigaro webato, Amai Baleka Mbete, vadzoserwa sasachigaro webato, ukuwo VaZweli Mkize ndivo ndivo varudzwa kuva mubati wehomwe zvbichitevera kukunda kwavaita VaPaul Mashatile vedunhu reGauteng.
Vanhu vakawanda muZimbabwe vange vakamirira kunzwa zviri kubva kuSouth Africa sezvo VaZuma, kuburikidza nenyika yavo, vari ivo mutongi gava panyaya yeZimbabwe, chidanho chavakatora kubva kune vaimbova mutungamiri wenyika iyi, VaThabo Mbeki.
VaMbeki ndivo vakave mutongi gava weZimbabwe kusvika panyoreranwa chibvumirano cheGlobal Political Agreement muna gunyana 2008.
Nyanzvi munyaya dzezvematongerwo, uye vari maneja musangano reInstitute for a Democratic alternative Zimbabwe, VaJoy Mabenge, vanoti zvinofadza kuti VaZuma vabudirira sezvo zvichireva kuti vanoonderera mberi nekuyedza kugadzirisa nyaya yeZimbabwe.