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Humwe
Humwe (cooperation or cooperator) - Munyika yeZimbabwe mumaruva, mune tsika yakatanga kare kare iyo masahwira nemhuri dzakavakidzana dzaikokana kubetserana mabasa akaita sokurima, kushakura kana kuvaka dzimba. Basa rinoitwa nevanhu vanokokwa ava ndiro rinonzi humwe. Mazuva ano, ruzhinji mumaruva runoshandisa shoko rokuti mushandirapamwe panzvimbo yeshoko rokuti humwe. Vanhu vanozvipira kushandira humwe havatarisiri kuwana mugove kubva mubasa ravanenge vaita.
Kana kuchirehwa munhu anoshandirana nevamwe mune zvakarurama vamwe vatauri vanoti humwe kana kuti mukutsirani.


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Ndiani Akatanga Chitendero Chenyu?
Sangano reZvapupu zvaJehovha ririko iye zvino ratanga makore okuma1800 ava kunopera. Panguva iyoyo, boka duku revadzidzi veBhaibheri iro raigara pedyo nePittsburgh, Pennsylvania, kuUnited States, rakatanga kuongorora Bhaibheri. Vadzidzi vacho vaienzanisa dzidziso dzaidzidziswa muzvitendero nezvinodzidziswa neBhaibheri. Vakatanga kuita kuti zvavaidzidza zvipirindwe mumabhuku, mapepanhau, uye magazini iyo pari zvino yava kunzi Nharireyomurindi
Pavadzidzi ivavo vaiita zvinhu nemwoyo wose paiva nemurume ainzi Charles Taze Russell. Kunyange zvazvo Russell aitungamirira pabasa rokudzidza Bhaibheri panguva iyoyo uye ari mupepeti wokutanga weNharireyomurindi, haana kutanga chitendero chitsva. Chinangwa chaRussell nevamwe Vadzidzi veBhaibheri, semazivikanirwo aiitwa boka iri panguva iyoyo, chaiva chokusimudzira dzidziso dzaJesu Kristu uye kuita zvaiitwa neungano yechiKristu yokutanga-tanga. Sezvo Jesu ari iye akatanga chiKristu, ndiye watinoti akatanga sangano redu.

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Ko Kana Ndichimanikidzwa Kuita Bonde?
Unogona kufunga kuti, “Ko ndikangobvuma hangu pane chakaipa here. Handiti munhu wose ndizvo zvaari kuita here?”
Chimbofunga izvi!
Zvazviri muupenyu: Haasi munhu wose ari kuzviita.
Ichokwadi kuti dzimwe nyaya dzaunoverenga dzinogona kuratidza kuti vanhu vakawanda ndizvo zvavari kuita. Somuenzaniso, imwe ongororo yakaitwa kuUnited States yakaratidza kuti vana pavanozopedza sekondari, vana 2 pa3 voga voga munyika iyoyo vanenge vava kuziva bonde. Asika izvozvo zvinoratidza kuti mwana 1 pa3 voga voga haasi kuita bonde.
Chii chinoitika kune vanoita bonde? Vanoongorora vakaona kuti vechiduku vakawanda vanoita izvi vanopepuka bako mvura yanaya vasangana nematambudziko ari pasi apa.
Kushungurudzika. Vechiduku vakawanda vanoita bonde vasati varoora kana kuroorwa vanozozvidemba pashure pacho.
Kusavimbana. Pashure pokuita bonde mumwe nomumwe anotanga kuzvibvunza kuti, ‘Ndini ndoga here munhu waarara naye kana kuti kune vamwe?’
Kurwadziwa. Nechomumwoyo vasikana vakawanda vanoda munhu anovadzivirira kwete anovashandisa. Uye vakomana vakawanda havazonzwi vachida vasikana vavakamborara navo.
Chinhu chinokosha: Muviri wako unokosha chaizvo, hausi wokungotambisa. Ratidza kuti uri munhu akatsiga nokuteerera mirayiro yaMwari yokusaita bonde usati waroora kana kuroorwa. Paunozoroorwa kana kuroora wakasununguka kuita bonde. Hauzosangani nematambudziko akadai sekushungurudzika, kuzvidemba nemamwewo anosanganwa nawo nevanhu vanoita bonde vasina kuroora kana kuroorwa.—Zvirevo 7:22, 23; 1 VaKorinde 7:3.


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WASHINGTON DC—
Bato reZanu PF rinoti harizofi rakarega masangano akazvimirira oga achiita madiro aJojina achiuraya nyika nekuda kuti rinzi hurumende yaro ine hutongo hwejekerere.
Mashoko aya ataurwa nemutevedzeri wemukuru anoona nezvekufambiswa kwemashoko muZanu PF, VaPsychology Maziwisa, apo vanga vachipindura kurudziro yekomisheni inoona nezvekodzero dzevanhu, yeZimbabwe Human Rights Commission, ZHRC, yekuti bato riri kutonga iri risiyane nemuonero waro wekuti masangano akazvimirira imhandu dzenyika.
Vachitaura svondo rapera semunyarikani pamabiko ekutambidza mibhedha nerumwe rubatsiro pane mumwe musha unochengeterwa vana muHarare akaitwa nesangano rakazvimirira reZimbabwe Peace Project, mumwe komishina weZHRC, VaElasto Mugwadi, vanonzi vakati komisheni yavo ichada kugara pasi nehurumende yeZanu PF kuitira kuti ishandure maonero ayo pamasangano anobatsira aya.
Masangano anobatsira akawanda akaoneswa ndondo nehurumende yeZanu PF makore apfuura achipomerwa mhosva yekufambisa pfungwa yekushandura hurumende, izvo zvakaita kuti vamwe vavo vasungwe vachipomerwa mhosva dzakasiyana-siyana.
Asi VaMaziwisa vanoti kuratidza kuti Zimbabwe inyika ine rusununguko, munyika mune masangano akazvimirira akawanda chose, mamwe acho ari kuzokanganisa nekutsvagira nyika zvirango.
VaMaziwisa vanoti hapana nyika ingamboda kugara nevanhu vakadaro, vakati kana munyika dzakabudirira seAmerica chaidzo ndivo vanhu vanosungwa vachipomerwa mhosva dzekuita zvehugandanga.
Hurukuro naVaPsychology Maziwisa


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HARARE
—
Chikwata cheMDC Renewal Team hachina masimba ekumisa mutungamiri weMDC, VaMorgan Tsvnagirai, pamberi pekomiti inotonga vanenge vatadza mubato.
Izvi zvaturwa nedare repamusoro zvichitevera kunzwikwa kwakaitwa nyaya iyi mudare iri China manheru.
Mutongi wedare iri, Va Happias Zhou, vati chipoka che MDC Renewal Team, ichi icho chiri kutungamirwa nevakadzingwa semunyori webato iri, Va Tendai Biti, hachibvumirwe kumisa Va Tsvangirai pamberi pekomiti yakaumbwa nechipoka ichi kuti ivatongese mhosva dzavari kupomerwa nechipoka ichi.
Sachigaro weMDC-T, Va Lovemore Moyo, pamwe nenhengo yekomiti yepamusoro yebato iri, Va Thamsanga Mahlangu, vakaenda kudare vachiti ve MDC Renewal Team havafanire kuenderera mberi nekuita zvavakabvumirana pamusangano wavanoti ndewe National Council ye MDC-T wakabuda nezvisungo zvakawanda zvinosanganisira kumbomisa basa Va Tsvangirai nevamwe vakuru-vakuru mubato iri.
Mutongo uyu usati waturwa, Va Tsvangirai vanga vatoenda ku Chiweshe kwavanoita musangano nevanhu vakakuvadzwa pamberi pesarudzo dzemutungamiri dzechipiri kana kuti run-off dzakaitwa musi wa 27 Chikumi 2008.
Va Zhou vati ve MDC Renewal Team havasi kuzobvumidzwa nedare kuti vaite chero chipi zvacho chakabvumiranwa pamusangano uyu uyo wakaitirwa mu Harare pa Mandel Training Centre kusvikira nyaya yakakwidzwa kudare naVa Tsvangirai yekuti Va Biti nevamwe vavo vavadzosere midziyo yebato ravo yavakapamba yanzwikwa. Va Tsvangirai vari kuda kuti dare ritaure kuti vatungamiri veMDCT chaivo ndevapi.
Mutongi wedare atiwo chipoka chaVa Biti chibhadhare mari dzemagweta panyaya yachakundwa nhasi iyi.
Chikwata ichi changa chichida kumisa Va Tsvangirai nhasi pamberi pekomiti yekuvatonga pamhosva yachiri kuvapomera yekutyora bumbiro remitemo yebato pamwe nekushandisa mhirizhonga mubato.
Chipoka ichi chiri kupomerawo Va Tsvangirai mhosva yekupinda muhurumende yemubatanidzwa yakanga iripo sarudzo dzisati dzaitwa vasina kupihwa mvumo nekomiti ye National Council.
Vanga vari gweta rava Moyo naVa Mahlangu panyaya iyi, Va Douglas Mwonzora, vati vafara zvikuru nemutongo waturwa nedare uyu.
Va Mwonzora, avo vanove zvakare mutauriri we MDC-T, vati hazviite kuti mutungamiri webato ravo agariswe padare repasi pemuti nevanhu vave nebato ravo.
Gweta ranga rakamirira MDC Renewal Team, Va Lovemore Madhuku, havana kuuya kudare paturwa mutongo uyu.
Asi vanotaura vakamirira chipoka ichi, Va Jacob Mafume, vati komiti yavo yasangana ikapa mutongo wayo kunyange hazvo VaTsvangirai vange vasipo.
Nyaya Ina Thomas Chiripasi


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WASHINGTON—
Munyori mubazi rinoona nezvezvicherwa, Muzvinafundo Francis Gudyanga, vanoti Zimbabwe yakatengesa makarati emangoda anopfuura zviuru mazana maviri nemazana manomwe, ikawana mari inosvika mamiriyoni gumi nemazana mashanu ezviuru zvemadhora.
Hurumende inowana zvikamu gumi neshanu kubva muzana kubva mukutengeswa kwemangoda aya. Nyanzvi dzehupfumi dzinoti mari iyi ishoma zvikuru kuti ibatsire Zimbabwe yakaparura bhajeti remashandisirwo emari gore rinouya.
Gurukota rezvezvicherwa, VaWalter Chidhakwa, vanoti vane chivimbo chekuti mari inouya kuhurumende ichati wandei sezvo mangoda ave kutengeswa zviri pachena.
Vanotiwo vanotarisirawo kuti America ichabvisa zvirango zvayakatemera Zimbabwe kuitira kuti itengesewo mangoda ayo munyika iyi nemari iri pamusoro.
Asi America inoti ichabvisa zvirango izvi kana yagutsikana nemaitiro evakuru vakuru mu Zanu PF vakatemerwa zvirango izvi.
Nyanzvi munyaya dzekutengeswa kwemangoda keBelgium dzinoti karati rimwe rinowanzotengeswa nemari iri pakati pemadhora makumi mashanu nezana.
Asi izvi vanoti zvinoenderanawo nekuti rakakwenenzverwawo zvakadii.
VaGudyanga vabuda pachena kuti mangoda akaendeswa nemakambani mashanu emuZimbabwe ange asina kukwenenzverwa zvakanaka uye ainge asina kushongedzwawo zvakanaka kuitira kuti atengeswe nemari yakawanda.
Kubudirira kweZimbabwe kutengesa mangoda kumusika mukuru weAntwerp World Diamond Center kuBelgium, kunotevera kubviswa kwakaitwa zvirango zvainge zvakatemerwa Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation ne European Union zvakabviswa muna Gunyana.
Makambani akatengesa mangoda aya anoti Marange Resources, Diamond Mining Company, Anjin Investment, Ji’nan neKusena Diamonds.
Mukuru weKimberley Process Certification Scheme Local Point, VaShamiso Mtisi, vanoti Zimbabwe inofanira kukwenenzvera mangoda ayo.
Hurukuro naVaShamiso Mtisi


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Rundaza (mutsetse)
Izwi rokuti Rundaza (rank formation in English) rinoreva mutsetse wevanhu vakamira vakaererana mapendekete vakatarisa divi rimwe pasina akatarisa gotsi roumwe. Paya panoti mukuru wemawuto anofamba achitarisa mawuto ake, masoja acho vanenge vakaita rundaza vakamira vakatarisa divi rimwe.
Rundaza rwakasiyana nemudungwe pakuti mudungwe vanhu vanomira mumwe shure kwemumwe.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
Vavhimi vanofamba vakandandira - Hunters walk line abreast.
Ndandisa masoja - Make the soldiers dress their ranks.
Shoko rokuti kurunda rinoreva kuronga zvinhu zvakaita mutsetse panzvimbo - arrange in line.


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Chii Chinonzi Umambo hwaMwari?
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Umambo hwaMwari ihurumende chaiyo yakatangwa naJehovha Mwari. MuBhaibheri “
umambo hwaMwari” hunonziwo “
umambo hwokudenga” nokuti hunotonga huri kudenga. (Mako 1:
Vatongi. Mwari akagadza Jesu Kristu kuti ave Mambo weUmambo hwake uye akamupa masimba anodarika evatongi vose. (Mateu 28:
18) Jesu anongoshandisa simba iri pakuita zvakanaka, sezvo akatoratidza kuti Mutungamiriri akavimbika uye anonzwira tsitsi. (Mateu 4: 23; Mako 1: 40, 41; 6: 31- 34; Ruka 7: 11- 17) Achitungamirirwa naMwari, Jesu akasarudza vanhu vanobva kumarudzi ose avo “
vachatonga semadzimambo pamusoro penyika” uye vachatonga naye vari kudenga.
—Zvakazarurwa 5: 9, 10.
Nguva ichatora Umambo hwacho huchitonga. Kusiyana nehurumende dzevanhu dzinouya dzichienda, Umambo hwaMwari ‘
hauzomboparadzwi.’
—Dhanieri 2:44.
Vachatongwa neUmambo hwacho. Munhu wose anoita zvinodiwa naMwari achararama achitongwa neUmambo hwaMwari, pasina zvokuti uri wedzinza ripi uye wakaberekerwa kupi.
—Mabasa 10: 34, 35.
Mitemo yacho. Mitemo (kana mirayiro) yeUmambo hwaMwari haingogumiri pakurambidza tsika dzakaipa. Inoita kuti vanorarama pasi pemitemo yacho vave netsika dzakanaka chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, Bhaibheri rinoti: “
‘Ida Jehovha Mwari wako nomwoyo wako wose nomweya wako wose nepfungwa dzako dzose.’ Uyu ndiwo murayiro mukuru pane yose uye wokutanga. Wechipiri, wakafanana nawo, ndouyu, ‘Ida muvakidzani wako sezvaunozviita.’” (Mateu 22:
37- 39) Kuda kwavanoita Mwari nomuvakidzani kunoita kuti vanhu vanorarama vachitongwa neUmambo uhwu vade kuitira vamwe zvakanaka.
Dzidzo. Umambo hwaMwari hunoda kuti vanhu vanorarama vachitongwa nahwo vave nemararamiro akanakisisa, saka hunovadzidzisa kuti vangararama sei saizvozvo.
—Isaya 48: 17, 18.
Chinangwa chahwo. Umambo hwaMwari hahudzvanyiriri vanhu huchiita kuti vatongi vave noupenyu hwakanaka. Asi huchaita kuda kwaMwari, kunosanganisira vimbiso yokuti vaya vanomuda vachararama panyika ichange yava paradhiso nekusingaperi.
—Isaya 35: 1, 5, 6; Mateu 6: 10; Zvakazarurwa 21: 1-4.


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Chii Chinonzi Mweya?
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Shoko rokuti “mweya” rinoshandiswa muBhaibheri rakashandurwa kubva pane rechiHebheru rokuti ne′phesh uye rechiGiriki rokuti psy·khe′. Shoko rechiHebheru rinoreva kuti “chisikwa chinofema,” uye rechiGiriki rinoreva kuti “chinhu chipenyu.” * Saka mweya chisikwa chacho kwete chimwe chinhu chinobuda mumuviri parufu. Ona kuti Bhaibheri rinoratidza sei kuti munhu ndiye mweya:
Jehovha Mwari paakasika munhu wokutanga Adhamu, Bhaibheri rinoti “munhu akava mweya mupenyu.” (Genesisi 2:7, Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona) Adhamu haana kupiwa mweya asi kuti ndiye akava mweya mupenyu kana kuti munhu mupenyu.
Bhaibheri rinoti mweya unogona kushanda, kuita nhomba yechokudya, kudya, kuteerera mitemo uye kubata chitunha. (Revhitiko 5:2; 7:20; 23:30; Dheuteronomio 12:20; VaRoma 13:1) Munhu pachake ndiye anoita zvinhu izvi.
Mweya haufi here?
Aiwa, mweya unogona kufa. MuBhaibheri mune mavhesi akawanda anoratidza kuti mweya unofa. Mamwe acho ndeaya:
“Mweya unotadza ndiwo uchafa.”—Ezekieri 18:4, 20, Bhaibheri Dzvene muChiShona Chanhasi.
Murudzi rwevaIsraeri vekare, zvainzi kana munhu akaita mhosva yakakurisisa “mweya wacho unofanira kuurayiwa.” (Eksodho 12:15, 19; Revhitiko 7:20, 21, 27; 19:8, King James Version) Munhu wacho aifanira ‘kuurayiwa.’—Eksodho 31:14, Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona.
Dzimwe shanduro dzinoshandisa mashoko okuti “chitunha” kana kuti “munhu akafa” muchiHebheru chepakutanga paishandiswa shoko rokuti ne′phesh, kana kuti “mweya.”—Revhitiko 21:11; Numeri 6:6.
“Mweya” unogona kureva “upenyu”
Rimwe shoko rinoshandiswa neBhaibheri kureva “mweya” ndi“upenyu.” Somuenzaniso shoko rechiHebheru rinoshandiswa pana Jobho 33:22 kureva “mweya” (ne′phesh) rakafanana nerokuti “upenyu.” Bhaibheri rinoratidzawo kuti mweya wemunhu kana kuti upenyu hunogona kuva pangozi kana kuparara.—Eksodho 4:19; Vatongi 9:17; VaFiripi 2:30.
Kushandisa shoko rokuti upenyu richireva “mweya” kunotibatsira kunzwisisa mavhesi anotaura kuti “mweya” ‘wakabuda.’ (Genesisi 35:18; Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona) Ichi chirungamutauro chinoreva kuti munhu afa. Dzimwe shanduro dzeBhaibheri dzichitaura nezvemashoko aya ari pana Genesisi 35:18 dzinoti “akafema kokupedzisira.”—Good News Translation; New Jerusalem Bible.
Dzidziso yokuti mweya haufi yakabvepi?
Zvitendero zvinozviti ndezvechiKristu zvinodzidzisa kuti mweya haufi zvinotora dzidziso iyi kubva muuzivi hwechiGiriki kwete muBhaibheri. Encyclopædia Britannica inoti: “Mavhesi eBhaibheri anotaura nezvemweya anenge achitaura nezvekufema uye hapana panoratidza kuti mweya nemuviri zvinhu zvakasiyana. Dzidziso yechiKristu yokuti muviri nemweya zvakasiyana yakatangira muchiGiriki chekare.”
Mwari haabvumiri kuti dzidziso dzake dzisanganiswe neuzivi hwevanhu dzakadai sedzidziso yokuti mweya haufi. Bhaibheri rinotonyevera kuti: “Chenjerai: zvichida pangava nomumwe munhu angaenda nemi semhuka yake yaabata nouzivi uye nounyengeri husina zvahunobatsira maererano netsika yevanhu.”—VaKorose 2:8.
^ ndima 3 Ona The New Brown, Driver, and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, peji 659, uye Lexicon in Veteris Testamenti Libros, peji 627. Shanduro dzakawanda dzeBhaibheri dzinoshandura mashoko okuti ne′phesh uye psy·khe′, dzichishandisa mashoko okuti “mweya,” “upenyu,” “munhu,” “chisikwa,” uye “muviri” zvichibva pakuti inyaya ipi iri kutaurwa nezvayo.”


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Mukadzi
Mukadzi zvinoreva munhu akasikwa zvokukwanisa kutakura mwana mukati make - nokumwe kutaura anonzi muzvare. Shoko rokuti mukadzi rinonyanya kushandiswa pamuzvare akura, kana ari mudiki anonzi musikana.
Kuzvara nokuyaruka[chinja | edit source]
Nhengo dzesikarudzi dzemukadzi ndeidzo dzinoshandiswa pakuzvarwa kwemwana. Kunoitawo dzimwe nhengo dzechikadzi dzinoshandiswa pakurera mwana uye kuti dzive dzinoyevedza kumurume.
Tsika nemabasa[chinja | edit source]
Mumarudzi akasiyana vakadzi vane mabasa akasiyana zvishoma, asi mutsika zhinji vakadzi ndivo vanotarisirwa kuita mabasa ekubika; kuchenesa mumba nokutarira vana vadiki, nokushongedza mhuri.


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MURUME wekuendesa aimbova mudzimai wake kudare remendenenzi achida kuti mari yaaibhadhara idzikiswe, achiti mudzimai uyu ave kuzvishandira, akadzokera kumba achinyemwerera zvichitevera kudzikiswa kwakaitwa mari iyi kubva paUS$100 kuenda paUS$75 pamwedzi.
Previous Masiiwa akaendesa Talent Urimbo kuHarare Civil Court achida kuti mari yemendenenzi idzikiswe.
“Uyu ndakamuroora gore ra2010, tikazorambana ndikaroora mumwe mukadzi muna 2012.
“Handisi kuramba kuchengeta mwana wangu, handina kana chikwereti naye asi chikumbiro changu ndechekuti mari idzikiswe kubva pa$US100 sezvo iye ava kushandawo. “Mwana ndini ndinomurapisa, ndinochengetawo vanin’ina vangu vaviri, ndakakwereta mari kubhanga kuti ndiroore mukadzi wangu nekutenga zvidhinha kuti ndivake musha uyezve pakatemwa mendenenzi yekutanga ndainge ndisingabhadhare happy wheels mari yerendi.”
Urimbo akaudza dare kuti haasi kushanda asi kuti anoita “zvekukiya-kiya”.
Akati: “Zviri kutaurwa nababa ava handizvizive, basa rangu ndere kutengesa masagi mutaundi uye hazvindipe mari yakawanda zvekuti mungadzikise mari yandiri kupihwa.
“Imhosva yake kuti awandirwa nezvekuita nekuti iye akakwereterei mari kubhanga achiziva kuti anofanira kubhadhara yemendenenzi uye ane vanhu vakawanda vanotarisira kuchengetwa naye?”
Mutongi Tafadzwa Muvhami akadzikisa mari yemendenenzi kuenda pa$US75 pamwedzi.


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HARARE— Nhengo dzesangano rinomimirira vana veavo vakarwira hondo yerusununguko dzaratidzira pamuzinda weAmerica muZimbabwe kwezuva richipiri dzichiti dzicharamba dzichiita izvi kudzamara America nedzimwe nyika dzekumavirira dzabvisa zvirango zvehpfumi dzazvinoti zvakatemerwa Zimbabwe.
Vechidiki ava vange vasingasviki makumi mana vange vaine zvinyorwa zvange zvichitukirira mutungamiri weAmerica, VaBarack Obama, pamwe nemutungamiri weMDC huru, VaMorgan Tsvangirai, vamacha kubva kuTown House mukati meguta vakachengetedzwa nemapurisa vakaenda kumuzinda weAmerica uko vange vachitamba kongongonya nekuimba dzimbo dzechimurenga.
Vechidiki ava, avo vari nhengo dzesangano rePatriotic Forum for Zimbabwe Children of National Liberation War Veterans, vanoti vacharamba vachiratidzira pamuzinda weAmerica zuva rega rega kudzamara nyika iyi yabvisa zvirango zvavanoti yakatemera Zimbabwe.
Munyori mukuru wesangano iri, VaKnowledge Kadzura, vanoti zvinoshamisa kuti America iri kurega zvirango zviripo asi iyo Zimbabwe yakaita sarudzo dzakachena.
Vanotiwo vakanyorera tsamba mumiriri weAmerica muZimbabwe, VaBruce Wharton, nechichemo chekuti zvirango zvibviswe, asi havana kugutsikana nemhinduro yavakapihwa naVaWharton.
VaKadzura vanoti kuratidzira kuchaenderera mberi uye vechidiki kubva kumativi mana eZimbabwe vari kuuya kuHarare kuzobatana pakuratidzira uku.
America yakatobuda pachena kuti haina kufara nemafambisirwo akaitwa sarudzo uye inotiwo zvirango zvainoti yakatemera muntungamiri wenyika, VaRobert Mugabe, pamwe nevamwe vavo mu Zanu PF, zvicharamba zviripo kudzamara nyika yaita sarudzo dzakachena pamwe nekuremekedza kodzero dzeveruzhinji.
America inoti haina kutemera nyika yose zvirango sezvinotaurwa neZanu PF, uye iri kubatsira Zimbabwe nemari iri kushandiswa muzvirongwa zvakasiyana siyana.
America ne Britain, kusanganisirawo dzimwe nyika dzekumavirira dzinogara dzakatukwa nehurumende ye Zanu PF, dziri kubatsira Zimbabwe nemari inosvika mazana mapfumbamwe emamiriyoni emadhora gore rega rega.
Mari iyi inoshandiswa munyaya dzehutano, dzidzo, chikafu nezvimwe zvinokosha muhupenyu hweveruzhinji muZimbabwe.


text:
Ndege (Aeroplane) in English. Kuti ndege isumuke kune zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoti:
- Kugona kumhanya kusvika paspidhi yakakura unozogonesa ndege kusimuka.
Puresha yemhepoEdit
Kana mhepo ichinge ichivhuvhuta puresha yayo inodzika nekukwira kunoita spidhi yemhepo. Kana spidhi yemhepo ikaderera puresha yemhepo inokwira. Kucherechedzwa kwechiitiko ichi ndiko kunoshandiswa pakusimudza ndege kuenda mudenga.
Paye ndege inenge yomhanya panhandare yendege mweya unomhanya ichipesana nemapapiro endege. Puresha iri pasi pemapapiro inosiyana nepuresha iri pamusoro pemapapiro.
- Mweya uri kufamba nepasi pebapiro inefamba nhambwe diki pane iri kufamba nepamusoro. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti pasi pakatwasuka, asi pamusoro pakaita hubumbe.
- Izvi zvoreva kuti mweya uri pamusoro pemapapiro unomhanya nemurumba wakakura kudarika uri pasi. Kusiyana kwespidhi kunokonzera kusiyana kwepuresha sezvataurwa pamusoro.
- Izvi zvinoreva kuti puresha iri pasi pebapiro yakawanda pane iri pamusoro pebapiro. Kuwanda kwepuresha pasi pemapapiro fosi inonzi simudzo inova ndiyo inosimudza ndege kuenda mudenga.
Paku bhururuka kwendege, pane mamanikidzo(force) mana anonge achitamba pandege. Manikidzo idzi dzinoti, simudzo, gwesho, gunganidzo ne thrust. manikidzo yesimudzo neye gunganidzo dinopesana kana kuti kupikisana dzichibva mativi akasiyana. Ye gwesho ne thrust zvinopikisanawo zvichibva mativi akasiyana asi manikidzo idzi dzinenge dzaka chinjikana ne-e simudzo ne gunganizo. Kuti ndege ikwanise kubhururuka, manikidzo yesimudzo inenge yakafanana neye ngunganidzo.
Simudzo = gunganidzo
Uye ye gwesho inenge yaka fanana neye thrust
Gwesho = thrust


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Dudzirazivo
Muchidzidzo cheScience shoko rokuti dudzirazivo (theory in English) ringatsanangurwa sezvizvi:
- Bumbiro remashoko rinotsanangura mhando yechiitiko chakacherechedzwa nokuwongororwa nenyanzvi mubazi iroro rehunyanzvi.
- Bumbiro iri rinopa tsananguro richitsigirwa nemutemo pamwe nezvisumamunyati zvakanyorwa zvakapirwa kuruzhinji rwenyanzvi.
- Dudzirazivo rinobatanidza zvinhu zvakaonekwa panhambo dzakawanda mukucherechedza mhando yechiitiko. Kugamuchirwa kwaro kunozouya ramboedzwa pakawanda nehumbowo hutsva uye richigona kuona nokutaura zvinotarisirwa kuitika kana mhando yechiitiko ichi chaonekwa zvakare pane imwe nzvimbo, kana imwe nguva.
- Bumbiro iri rinopawo mashoko anodudza maitiro akashandiswa kuwongorora nokucherechedza mhando yechiitiko ichi.
- Dudzirazivo rinopa tsananguro dzinobata zvinodarika zvingatsanangurwa nemutemo pamwe nechisumamunyati. Nokudaro kugamuchirwa kwedudzirazivo kuri mberi pane mitemo kana chisumamunyati.
- Mune dzimwe nguva dudzirazivo rinogumisidza rogamuchirwa zvakanyanya, ratekeshera zvokuti rinopedzirira risisadanwe nezita iri - apa rinenge rave garoziva.
Dudzirazivo rinozivikanwa zvikuru ndiro Dudzirazivo reGunganidzo raNewton rinotura pamusoro pechiitiko chegunganidzo yemitumbi iri pamukaha wechadenga. KuEnglish kunonzi Newton's Theory of Gravitation kana kuti Newton's Law of Gravitation. Dudzirazivo iri rakaparurwa naIsaac Newton mugore ra1687.


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Malawi
Malawi nyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe iri kuChamhembe kwakadziva kuMabvazuva kweAfrica uye yaichimbodanwa kunzi Nyasaland. Nyika dzakaikomberedza ndedzinoti: Zambia iri kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMadokero; Tanzania iri kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMabvazuva; neMozambique iribata kumabvazuva, kuchamhembe nekumadokero. Nharaunda yeMalawi inodarika 118,000 skweya dzekiromita iyo nyika ine hugari hwevanhu 16,777,547 (2013). Gutaguru reMalawi rinonzi Lilongwe; repiri pakukura rinonzi Blantyre rechitatu Mzuzu. Zita rokuti Malawi rinobva pashoko rokuti Maravi iro raiva zita revanhu vechiNyanja vakagara munyika iyi. Mamwe makomo makuru arimo anonzi Mlanje. Munyika umu munorimwa tii.


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Ndingaitei Kuti Ndiwirirane Nomudzidzisi Wangu?
Funga izvi!
Funga zvakaitika kuna Rachel. Rachel anga ari kurova chikoro zvisingaiti. Asi paanga ava giredhi 7 zvinhu zvakatanga kuchinja. “
Mudzidzisi wangu aiita zvose zvaaigona kuti ndifoire,” anodaro Rachel. Ko dambudziko rakanga riri papi? Mudzidzisi wacho akabudira pachena Rachel namai vake kuti akanga asingafariri chechi yavo.
Chii chakazoitika? Rachel anoti: “
Mudzidzisi wangu aiti pose paaiwana mukana wokuti andifoirise aitondifoirisa nemhaka yokusafarira chechi yangu. Izvi pazvaiitika amai vangu vaienda neni kwaari vonotaura naye. Nokufamba kwenguva zvinhu zvakazoita nani.”
Kana uine dambudziko rakaita seiri, usatya enda unotaura nevabereki vako. Zviri pachena kuti vachati vanoda kunotaura nomudzidzisi wako kana kuti vakuru vechikoro kuti dambudziko iri ripere.
Ichokwadi kuti hadzisi nguva dzose zvinhu pazvinogadziriswa zvikapera. Pane dzimwe nguva unotofanira kuva nomwoyo murefu. (VaRoma 12:17, 18) “
Mumwe wevadzidzisi vedu akanga asingafariri kirasi yedu,” anodaro Tanya. “
Aigara achitituka achiti tiri madununu. Mazuva okutanga ndaichema asi ndakazoona kuti handifaniri kugumburwa nezvaaiita. Ndaiisa pfungwa dzangu pabasa rechikoro. Pakupedzisira akanga asingachandituki uye ndakanga ndava mumwe wevana vashoma vakanga vava kumakirwa mabhuku zvakarurama. Mudzidzisi uyu akazodzingwa pachikoro pashure pemakore maviri.”
Chinhu chinokosha: Dzidza kuti ungaramba sei uchifarira chikoro pasinei nokuti mudzidzisi wacho akaoma. Kuita izvi kuchakubatsira kuva neunhu hunokosha muupenyu paunozosangana nomukuru webasa anenge akaoma kushanda naye. (1 Petro 2:18) Zvichakubatsirawo kuti utende vadzidzisi vakanaka vaunozova navo.


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Matambudziko Emari Uye Zvikwereti
—Bhaibheri Rinogona Kubatsira Here?
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Hongu. Mazano mana aya anodzidziswa neBhaibheri anogona kukubatsira paunosangana nematambudziko emari uye zvikwereti:
Gara waronga kuti uchashandisa sei mari. “
Zvirongwa zvomunhu anoshingaira zvinobatsira, asi munhu wose anokurumidzira zvinhu achashayiwa njere.” (Zvirevo 21:5) Usamhanyira kutenga chimwe chinhu nemhaka yokuti chakachipa. Gara waronga kuti uchashandisa sei mari yako kana kuita bhajeti uye woita sezvaunenge waronga izvozvo.
Rega kungozvipinza muzvikwereti zvisina basa. “
Anokwereta anova muranda womunhu anomukweretesa.” (Zvirevo 22:7) Kana utori muchikwereti uye usingakwanisi kuchibhadhara nenguva, taura nevakakukweretesa kuti uri kuronga kuzovabhadhara riini uye sei. Ramba uchiedza. Iva nemaonero akafanana neemunhu anotaurwa pana Zvirevo 6:
1-5: “
Enda undozvirereka uchikumbira kuti hama yako ikupfavire. Usarega meso ako achikotsira, kana kurega tsiye dzako dzichiremerwa nehope.” (Bhaibheri Rinoyera) Kunyange chikumbiro chako chikasagamuchirwa pakutanga, ramba uchikumbira kuti upiwe nguva yokuzobhadhara chikwereti chako.
Usaona sokuti ukashayiwa mari unofa. “
Munhu anonyima ane shungu dzokuda kupfuma” (Zvirevo 28:
—asingazivi kuti urombo hwakamugarira. 22, Bhaibheri Dzvene muChiShona Chanhasi) Kuchiva uye makaro hazvingogumiri pakuita kuti urasikirwe nemari asi zvinogona kukukanganisa pakunamata.
Gutsikana. “
Kana tiine zvokudya nezvokupfeka nepokugara, tichagutsikana nezvinhu izvi.” (1 Timoti 6:8) Kufara uye kugutsikana hazvitengwi nemari. Vamwe vanhu vanofara chaizvo muupenyu havana mari yakawanda. Chavanokoshesa rudo rwunowanikwa mumhuri dzavo uye neshamwari dzavo uyewo ukama hwakasimba naMwari.
—Zvirevo 15: 17; 1 Petro 5: 6, 7.


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Rheshiyo
Muzvidzidzo zvinotevera: masvomhu, fundoyetsimba, rheshiyo (ratio) izwi rinoreva hukama huripo pakati penhamba mbiri dzine nzenda (dimensions) dzakafanana. Rheshiyo inonyorwa seizvi (a:b), izvi zvichitiudza kuti nhamba yechipiri inopinda kangani mune yokutanga.
Muenzaniso ungapiwa ingati:
- Zvikwata zviviri zvenhabvu Guruve United neMhangura United zvanga zviine zvibodzwa 3:2 papera mutambo; apa rheshiyo yacho inenge iri 1.5.
- Mumwe muenzaniso: pavakapedza kudiridza Sarudzai naChipo vakanga vane 30:15 migomo yemvura yavakatakura - apa rheshiyo yacho inenge iri 2. Tinoona kuti pamienzaniso yapiwa zvinhu zviri kufananidzwa zvine nzenda kana chiyero chakafanana.


text:
WASHINGTON DC
— Rimwe sangano revarairidzi, reProgressive Teachers Union of Zimbabwe, PTUZ, rinoti raziviswa nebazi rezvedzidzo kuti harichabvumidzwi kupinda muzvikoro richisangana nenhengo dzaro.
Tsamba yakanyorerwa sangano iri musi wa 18 Chikumi nemunyori webazi rezvedzidzo, Amai Constance Chigwamba, iyo iri mumaoko eStudio 7, inoti bazi iri ratora danho iri sezvo PTUZ yakanga yosiya zvinangwa zvayo zvekupinda muzvikoro ichipa nhengo dzayo zvipfeko nezvimwe zvinhu zvesangano iri, yoita misangano pamwe nekukanganisa zvidzidzo muzvikoro.
Studio7 haina kukwanisa kubata Amai Chigwamba kuti tinzwewo divi rehurumende.
Asi munyori mukuru wePTUZ, VaRaymond Majongwe, vanoti havana chavakakanganisa sezvo sangano ravo riri pamutemo uye richitevera mutemo.
Vanoti vachaona matanho avachatora pamusoro penyaya iyi sezvo vachifunga kuti Amai Chigwamba vari kutyora mutemo nedanho ravatora iri.
VaMajongwe vanoti gurukota rezvedzidzo, VaLazarus Dokora, vakavafonera nezvenyaya iyi, uye vari kutarisira kusangana navo mukupera kwesvondo kuti vazeye nezvenyaya iyi.
Hurukuro naVaRaymond Majongwe
Zvichakadaro, sangano iri rinoti harisi kutambira mari dzekubatsirikana dzakapiwa varairidzi vekumaruwa, sezvo dziri shoma uye pasina kujekeswa kuti hurongwa uhwu huchafambiswa sei.
Hurumende yakazivisa kuti yakadzosera mari dzekubatsirikana kuvarairidzi vekumaruwa, idzo dzakanga dzambomiswa muna 2009.
Varairidzi vanenge vopiwa zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvemari dzavanotambira pamwedzi.
Asi mutungamiri weZimbabwe Teachers Association, uye vari sachigaro weApex Council, VaRichard Gundani, vaudza Studio 7 kuti mari iyi ishoma zvikuru pachitariswa kuomerwa kunoita varairidzi vekumaruwa.
Hurukuro naVaRaymond Majongwe


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VECHIDUKU VANOBVUNZA KUTI
Kuona Zvinonyadzisira Kwakaipirei?
Uchakunda muedzo wacho here?
Kana uchishandisa Indaneti, ziva kuti rimwe zuva uchatoti usanganidzane nezvinonyadzisira. “Mukore uno hauchaiti zvokuzvitsvaka asi kuti izvo ndizvo zvinokutsvaka,” anodaro musikana ane makore 17 anonzi Hayley.
Kuona zvinonyadzisira muedzo chaiwo kunyange kune vaya vanoti handifi ndakaona zvinonyadzisira. “Ndaizviudza kuti handifi ndakatarisa zvinonyadzisira, asi zvakazoenda nepamwe rimwe zuva,” anodaro Greg, ane makore 18. “Usambofa wakati hazviitiki kwandiri.”
Mazuva ano zvinonyadzisira zvazara kwose kwose. Kubva pakangotanga vanhu kutumirana mameseji anonyadzisira pamafoni, vechiduku vakawanda vava kuzvitora mifananidzo vachiita zvinonyadzisira vobva vazvitumira vamwe.
Chinhu chinokosha chaunofanira kuziva: Muedzo uyu wakakura chaizvo kudarika yakasangana nevabereki vako kunyange nanambuya nanasekuru vako pavaiva pazera rako. Asi mubvunzo ndewekuti, Uchakunda muedzo wokuona zvinonyadzisira here?
Kana uchida, unogona kukunda muedzo wacho. Asi chokutanga ndechokuti iwe pachako unobvuma here kuti kuona zvinonyadzisira kwakaipa? Ngatimbotaurai kuti nyaya iyi yakamira sei.
Inhema here kana kuti ichokwadi?
Nhema: Kuona zvinonyadzisira hakundikuvadzi.
Chokwadi: Kuona zvinonyadzisira kunokanganisa pfungwa dzako sokukanganiswa kunoitwa mapapu kana ukasvuta fodya. Kunoita kuti uone wanano sechinhu chisina basa nepo Mwari akaita kuti ibatanidze murume nomudzimai kweupenyu hwose. (Genesisi 2:
Bhaibheri rinotaura nezvevamwe vanhu ‘vasisina tsika zvachose.’ (VaEfeso 4:19) Hana dzavo dzatindivara zvokuti havachatombooni chakaipa nokuita zvakashata.
Nhema: Kuona zvinonyadzisira kunokudzidzisa maitirwo ebonde.
Chokwadi: Kuona zvinonyadzisira kunokudzidzisa kuti uve nemakaro. Unenge wava kuona vanhu sezvinhu uye wava kufunga kuti basa ravo nderokukufadza pabonde. Ndokusaka imwe ongororo yakaitwa yakabudisa kuti, kashoma kuti vanhu vane tsika yokuona zvinonyadzisira vazonakidzwa nebonde pavanoroorana.
Bhaibheri rinoudza vaKristu kuti vasiyane “nezvoufeve, zvinhu zvisina kuchena, chido chokurara nomumwe munhu, kuchiva kunokuvadza, nokuchochora” izvo zvinova zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nokuona zvinonyadzisira.
Nhema: Vanhu vasingaoni zvinonyadzisira hapana chavanoziva panyaya dzebonde.
Chokwadi: Vanhu vasingaoni zvinonyadzisira ndivo vanoziva kuti bonde chinhu chinoremekedzwa kwete chokutamba nacho. Vanoziva kuti bonde chipo chaMwari chinoita kuti murume nomudzimai vakaroorana vawedzere kudanana uye kusimbisa imba yavo. Vanhu vane mafungiro aya kazhinji ndivo vanonakidzwa nebonde pavanenge varoorana.
Bhaibheri rinotaura zvakajeka nezvebonde. Somuenzaniso rinoudza varume kuti: “Fara nomudzimai wouduku hwako . . . Fadzwa norudo rwake nguva dzose.”
Kukunda muedzo wokuona zvinonyadzisira
Ko kana uchiona sokuti muedzo wokuona zvinonyadzisira wakakura zvakanyanya zvokuti haugoni kuukunda? Pepa rakanzi “Kukunda Muedzo Wokuona Zvinonyadzisira” rinogona kukubatsira.
Kutaura chokwadi unogona kukunda muedzo wokuona zvinonyadzisira. Kunyange wanga wava netsika yokuzviona unogona kudzidzira kuti uchirega tsika yacho. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda nei usingafaniri kuona zvinonyadzisira.
Funga zvakaitika kuna Calvin, uyo anoti akatanga kuona zvinonyadzisira paaiva nemakore 13. “Ndaizviziva kuti zvakaipa,” anodaro Calvin, “asi ndaitadza kukunda muedzo wacho. Hana yangu yaitanga kunetseka pandaipedza kuzviona. Baba vangu vakazozviziva, uye kutaura chokwadi ndakanzwa kurerukirwa nokuti ndakanga ndava kuwana rubatsiro rwandaida.”
Calvin akazokunda muedzo wokuona zvinonyadzisira. Anoti: “Ndakaita chikanganiso chikuru nokuona zvinonyadzisira, zvokuti nanhasi zvichiri kunditambudza nokuti mifananidzo yandaiona haidzimiki mupfungwa dzangu. Pane dzimwe nguva ndinonzwa ndichida kufungidzira kuti ko kana ndikaonazve zvinonyadzisira chii chinoitika. Asi ndinofunga nezvekufara kwandinoita, kuva nehana yakachena uye ramangwana rangu rakanaka kana ndikaita zvinhu zvinofadza Jehovha.”


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Canada
Canada inyika iri muziwumbe re North America iri kuMaodzanyemba kweUnited States of America; nyika nmbiri idzi dzine muganhu pamuyeramwaka +49o.
Canada imwe yenyika dzakatapwa neBritain dzine hugari hwevarungu hwawanda kudarika varidzi venyika vakawanikwa munyika iyi. Imwe yenyika dzine hugari hwamira saizvozvi ndiyo Australia. Varidzi venyika vakawanikwa vari muCanada neAustralia vanodanwa kunzi maAboriginals; zvisingarevi kuti marudzi aya munyika mbiri idzi ane ukama asi kuti ndivo zvidzazvepo.
Kare varidzi venyika vaidanwa kunzi Red Indians muCanada asi pari zvino vanodanwa kunzi Aboriginals kana kuti First Nations.


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Dandiranyika
Shoko rokuti dandiranyika (International kuChirungu) riri kushandiswa kutsanangura chiro (chingava nhau, mutauro, sangano, kambani, kana mitemo) chinobata nyika dzakawanda, idzi dzingava nyika mbiri kana kudarika. Somuenzaniso Chirungu mutauro wakadandiranyika (International language), apa kureva kuti mutauro unotaurwa munyika dzakawanda dzinodarika nyika imwe. Mutemo unodandiranyika (International law) mutemo unoshandiswa munyika dzakawanda dzinodarika imwe; mitemo wakatendera kuti Charles Taylor atongwe kudare riri kuHague, kunyika isiyake, mutemo dandiranyika.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
Zvakakosha kuonesana kuti pane nhambo dzokuti shoko rokuti dandiranyika riri nyore kushandisa mukutaura kwoita pamwe pokuti rinoremera zvichienderana nekubatanidzwa kwemazwi ari kutaurwa. Shoko rokuti Pasirose rinokwanisa kushandawo panzvimbo pokuti dandiranyika zvikurur sei kana chirongwa chiri kutaurwa chichibata huzhinji hwenyika dzePasirose. Sarudzo yokuti kwashandiswa izwi ripi, Pasirose kana dandiranyika zvinoenderana nokureruka kutaurwa zviripo zvacho uye kuti shoko rasarudzwa rinokwanisa kunatsa kutsanangura zviripo here.
KuChirungu tinoona kune sangano rinonzi World Trade Organisation asi richisiya dzimwe nyika dzakawanda, dzakakurumbira kana dzine hugari hwevanhu vakawanda kubva panhengo dzaro. Kwenguva huru China yakanga isiri nhengo yeWorld Trade Organisation asi iyi ndiyo nyika ine hugari hwevanhu vazhinjisa Pasirose uye ndiyo iri panhamba yechipiri pakutengeserana nhumbi nedzimwe nyika.
Masangano akadandiranyika[chinja | edit source]
Masangano akatandira nyika zhinji dzePasirose anosanganisira anotevera:
Sangano reMushando Pasirose, Sangano reMubatanidzwa weAfrica, Sangano reHutano Pasirose, Sangano reKurima neChokudya, Sangano reMubatanidzwa weNyika Pasirose, Sangano reNhabvu yeMabandiko ePasirose


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PimanyikaEdit
Pimanyika (Geometry in English) chidzidzo chinowongorora mibvunzo pamusoro pezvinotevera:
- Kaumbirwo kakaitwa zviumbwa tichitarisa kupimwa kwemativi nemagonyo;
- Kupa mitemo inotsanangudza, kufananidza, nokusiyanisa chiumbwa chimwe nechimwe;
- Kududza kuti chiumbwa chiri papi zvichifananidzwa nepane chimwe chiumbwa.
- Kukura kwakaita nzvimbo;
- Kududza kuti nzvimbo iri papi zvichifananidzwa nepane imwe nzvimbo;
ChinangwaEdit
Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino kuparura nhaurwa yezvidzidzo zvePimanyika tichitaura neChiShona. Pakutanga mazita achapiwa kune izvo zvatinosangana nazvo pakupima nzvimbo nezviumbwa. Mazita eShona achadudzirwa zvakare pachishandiswa mazwi ariko kuChirungu. Nokuda kwekuti mamwe mazwi haasati aveko kuChiShona pachange pachipiwa mazita matsva, zvichibatsira kuumba mutauro wedu takatarisana neumhizha Pimanyika.
Mashoko Anowanikwa Muzvidzidzo zvePimanyikaEdit
Chiyero chekupimisa (Unit of measure)- pakupimwa kunoitwa zvinopimwa pane mwero yakatarwa pamutemo (pasirose) kuti ishandiswe kupima mipimo yakasiyana inodaidzwa nemazita akasiyana. Sokuti kana tichipima nhambwe tinoshandisa chiyero chinonzi mita (metre).
Mutsetse kana kuti mutsara (line) - iri izwi rinotsanangudza mutaro wakanyorwa ungave wakati twasa kana kuti une minyongo.
Chiumbwa (Shape)- chiumbwa chinogona kunge chine nzenda mbiri kana nzenda nhatu. Tsanangudzo yokuti nzenda chii iri kutevera mberi
Hurefu (length) - shoko iri rinoreva kureba kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hwasha (width) - shoko iri rinoreva kupamhama kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hudzamu (depth) - shoko rinoreva kudzika kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hukwidza (altitude, height) - shoko iri rinoreva kukwirira kwakaita nzvimbo.
Mukwava (mugwava) - iri izwi rapiwa rinoreva panosangana mitsetse miviri kana uso huviri (where two surfaces or lines meet to form an angle)
Gonyo (angle) iri izwi rapiwa rinoreva kushama kwakaita mukwava uri pakati pemitsetse miviri kana uso huviri. gonyo kana ichipimwa inopimwa nechiyero chinonzi dhigirii
Sambamba (parallel) - izwi iri rapiwa rinotsangangudza mitsetse miviri yakati twasa yakataramukana nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose kana nhambwe ichipimwa pakati pemitsetse iyi. Apa nhambwe inofanirwa kunge iri kupimwa kuchitevedzwa mitsetse wechitatu unocheka mitsetse miviri yokutanga. Mutsetse wechitatu unofanirwa kunge uchicheka miviri yokutanga pamukwava une gonyo rakaenzana panzvimbo dzose. Muenzaniso wemitsetse wakati sambamba isimbi mbiri dzenjanji nokuti dzinofamba dzakayererana asi dzisingapesane.
Twasuka (straight) - izwi rinotsanangudza mutsetse kana kuti uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura yakagadzikana isina masaisai. Mutsetse uwu unenge usina gonyo kana munyonga.
Munyonga (Curve) - izwi iri rinotsanangudza mutsetse kana uso husina kuti twasa; panenge pane kutsveyama kana kutesva. Iri izwi richange rakakosha kana todzidza chidzidzo Kutara Mutaro (drawing graphs).
Hubumbe (convex) iri izwi rinotsanangudza chiumbwa chine uso hwakabumbira kunze. Mufananidzo ungapiwa kuumbwa kwakaitwa dumbu rakaguta kana kuti dutu revhu rinounganidzwa pakugadzira gandiwa rinoeredza mvura.
Hufombwe (Concave) - iri izwi rinotsanangudza chiumbwa chine uso hwakafovera mukati. Mufananidzo ungapiwa imbiya inopakurirwa usavi kana kuti mugero unocherwa pakugadzira gandiwa rinoeredza mvura.
Mutwi (Perpendicular, vertical) - iri izwi rapiwa kutsangudza uso kana mutsetse wakamira kuti tasa kubva panzvimbo kuenda mudenga kana pasi. Muenzaniso ungapiwa itambo yakasungirwa padavi remuti yakaremedzwa nedombo kuzasi kwainoperera. Tambo iyi inoita mutwi kudzika kubva padavi. Iri shoko rinotoredzera kubva pamutswi unoshandiswa kutswa muduri; pano ndasiyanisa zvishomane, asi pfungwa ichinge iripo yokuti mutswi kana uchitswa muduri unouya umire kuita "vertical" kana pedyo nokuva "vertical".
rurama (Right angled, normal) - mitsetse inosangana pamukwava ne90o ichange ichinzi yakarurama, uku kuri kutaura muchidumbu. Apa kufananidza kutaura kuri kuEnglish kunonzi "the wall is normal to the floor - which means wall forms angle of 90o with the wall.
Sandarara (Horizontal) - izwi rinoreva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura yakagadzikana isina masaisai. Mutsetse wakatichechtere semvura unonzi musandarara.
Mutsendo (Plane, flat area) - izwi iri rapiwa richireva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura. Mutsendo unogonga kunge wakamiswa wakaita mutwi kana kurara kuti sandarara kana kurereka neipi zvayo gonyo. Izwi iri ririkutorwa kubva pamutsendo chinova chombo chinoshandiswa nevanoveza mapuranga. Mutsendo (plane KuChirungu) unoshandiswa kuveza mapuranga kuti puranga rive neuso hwakati chechetere husina makomba uye husina kumanzika. Mutsendo uso hune nzenda mbiri chete, hwasha nehurefu; mutsendo hauna hudzamu.
Nharaunda (Area) - izwi rinoreva kukura kwakaita nzvimbo kana hwasha huchitsinhaniswa nehurefu hwenzvimbo iyoyo.
Chiso(surface)- iyi inzvimbo ine miganhu unotarwa nehwasha uye hurefu asi pasina hudzamu. Muenzaniso ungapiwa ndeuyo watinoouna takatarisa pamusoro petafura.
Mumhu (Volume) - iri izwi rapiwa kuti rireve kukura kwakaita nzvimbo kana hwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu zvatsinhaniswa. Shoko iri rinoreva kukura kwakaita munhu, mhuka kana chinhu mukutaura kwemazuva ose. Ndiro shoko randaona riri pedyo kutsanangudza volume.
Poyindi (point) - iri rinotsangura kanzvimbo katokotoko, katopoka, kasina hwasha, hurefu, kana hudzamu. Takatsimbidzira penzura papepa tingaedzesera kucherechedza poyindi; asi kana nepo dowo rinoitwa nemurumo wepenzura rine nhambwe - poyindi hachina nhambwe.
Nzenda (dimensions) rinoreva nhamba shomane (minimum) yezviringani inokwana kudoma pane poyindi munzvimbo iri kutaurwa nezvayo. Iri shoko rinotsanangudza inonzi dimensions kuEnglish. Shoko iri rinotoredzera pane rokuti kuenda; saka 3-dimensiional shape unokwanisa kuenda uchitevedza mupimo wehwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu - nzenda nhatu.
- Mutsetse une nzenda imwe (1), hurefu chete.
- Chiumbwa chiri pauso hwakati sandarara (plane) chine nzenda mbiri (2), hwasha nehurefu. Somuenzaniso zviumbwa zvinoterevra zvine 2-nzenda: tsazano; gonyonhatu; kayiti zvichingodaro.
- Chiumbwa chine mumhu chinonzi chine nzenda nhatu (3); hwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu. Somuenzaniso zviumbwa zvinoterevra zvine 3-nzenda: dumba; charaka; zhumwi; chiwarikwa kana kuti chiware.
Zviringani (Coordinates KuChirungu) - zviringani zvinoringanisa (align) nhambwe dzinoverengwa dzichitevedza maakiso anotarwa akarurama kuti tigone kudoma pane poyindi chiri kutsvakwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nhambwe mbiri idzi, dzinokwanisa kunongedza poyindi chimwechete, chiricho choga - ipapo toti zvaringana nokuti hapana kurasika. Tichinge tatara maakiso ane zviringani nenzira iyi tinenge tave neGumbapamwe reZviringani (Coordinates System). Ruzivo urwu rwakaunganidzwa naRené Descartes paakanyora Gumbapamwe reZviringani raDescartes (Cartesian Coordinates System).
Tsazaniso (Equation) - iri izwi rinoreva chinyorwa chinotaridza kuti mativi maviri ezvakanyorwa akaenzana kana kuti anotaura zvakaenzana. Pakati pemativi maviri panonyorwa vara rinoti (=) rinotiudza kuti mativi maviri akaenzana pane zvose. Shoko iri rinotodza kubva pashoko reChiManyika rinoti kutsazana rinoreva kuenzana. Nokuda kwekuti mamwe mashoko haasiri anoshandiswa mazuvaose ndiri kukwereta mashoko iwayo ndichiita kuti ashande muchidzidzo chepimanyika.
Tsaza- (Equi-) - ichi chivakamberi chichange chiri kushandiswa kuratidza kuti zvakadomwa kumashure kwaicho chivakamberi ichi zvakaenzana uye zvakafanana. Tsaza- achange achishandiswa nenzira imwe inoshandiswa prefix equi- inoshandiswa kuEnglish pamwazwi akaita sa: equidistant; equilateral; equiangular. Sarudzo iyi yaitwa pachicherechedzwa kuti kufanana hazvirevi kuenzana; sokuti baba nemwana wavo nyangwe vakafanana, havana kuenzana.
Mutsazanisi (equator) - iri zita rapiwa kutsanangura mutsetse unopangidza panosangana uso hweurungano nemutsendo une goko rehuremu uye wakarurama neakiso yeurungano yacho. Kureva kuti mutsendo uyu wakaita mutwi neaksio uye kuti wakatakuraGoko rehuremu (centre of mass) yeurungano yacho. Iri zita rinoshandiswazve pakutsangudza kuumbwa kweRinopasi, (Earth).
Chidzudzani (Congruency) zvinoreva kuti zvivakwa zviviri zvine chiumbwa (shape) chakafanana uye hukuru (size) hwakaenzana. Izvi zvoreva kuti chiumbwa chokutanga chinokwanisa kushandurwa mamiriro kusvikira chati gedye-gedye kupindirana nechiumbwa chepiri; zvimwechitezvo tichitanga kushanda nechiumbwa chepiri.
Kupimirana (Symmetry)- iri izwi rinotaura kuti chiumbwa chine zvikamu zvakafanana pazvinhu zvose: kukura kwakaita magonyo, uwandu hwemativi, nhambwe dziri pamativi, uye kuringana kwakaita mativi nemagonyo. Zvikamu izvi zvinofananidzwa maringe neAkiso dzichatsanangurwa mberi. Shoko rokuti kupimirana rinobva pakuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoita kunge chidhindo chechimwe - takapima chikamu chokutanga zvakafanana nokunge tapima chikamu chepiri. Kumipirana kunotsangudza zvizere chinyorwa chine zita irori.
Mashoko Anomirira ZviumbwaEdit
Pachikamu chiri pamusoro pataurwa mazita anosanganisira gonyo (angle) nemukwava (intersection of lines and surfaces). Tichasimuka apa tichipa mazita tichiumba kubva pamashoko maviri aya.
Gonyozhinji (Polygon): KuChirungu izwi rokuti "polygon" rinoreva chiumbwa chine mativi mazhinji uye gonyo zhinji. Mitsetse inobatana pamukwava inenge iri yakati twasa. Shoko rinoti "poly" rinoreva "many" - kuwanda. Shoko rinoti "gon" rinobva pashoko rekuti "gonia" (Latin) rinoreva "bent" kana kuti "ankle". Isu kuChiShona tichapa zita rokuti gonyozhinji kududzira shoko rokuti "polygon". Zvichinge zvamira nenzira iyoyi hazvichanetsi kupa mazita eShona kuzviumbwa; tinenge toverenga kuti chiumbwa chine gonyo (mikwava) ngani kana kuti mativi mangani.
- Triangle ine mativi matatu inenge yonzi gonyonhatu.
- Quadrilateral ine mativi mana inenge yonzi gonyoina.
- Pentagon ine mativi mashanu inenge yonzi gonyoshanu.
Tinoramba tichienda kusvika decagon ine mativi gumi ichinzi gonyogumi zvichingodaro.
Tichiri ipapo zvakafanira kuti tionesane kuti gonyozhinji rega-rega rakaumbwa riine mativi anoverengwa kuenzana nemikwava (gonyo) iri mukati mechiumbwa ichocho.
Gonyonhatu: Tichataura pamusoro pemarudzi egonyonhatu; aya anotumidzwa mazita zvichienderana nekupimwa kwemativi uye gonyo dziri paari. Kune gonyonhatu tsazakose (equilateral triangle) - iri rine mativi ose akaenza uye gonyo nhatu dzose dzakaenzana. Kune gonyonhatu mutseyekwa (scalene triangle) - iri rine mativi ose ane nhambwe dzakasiyana uye gonyo nhatu dzose dzakasiyana. Hazvinei gonyonhatu mutseyekwa agara nedivi ripi anotaridzika seanorerekera (kana kuwandira) kune rimwe divi nguva dzose. Kune gonyonhatu tsazamaviri (isosceles triangle) - iri rine mativi maviri akaenzana, negonyo mbiri dzakaenzana. Kunoitawo gonyonhatu yemutwi (right-angled triangle) - iyi ine mativi maviri anosvika pamukwava une gonyo re 90o.
Gonyonhatu yemutwi: Mativi matatu egonyonhatu iri anopiwa mazita akasiyana zvichibva pamamiriro akaita gonyonhatu. Kune mativi maviri anosvika pamukwava une gonyo ye 90o; pamativi aya rokutanga rikanzi hwaro(adjacent), repiri richabva ranzi darisanwa (opposite side). Divi guru rine nhambwe yakareba kupfura mamwe rinonzi muzendami (hypotenuse) nokuti rinoita sokunge rakazendamiswa rakatsigirwa kuhwaro nemutwi.
Sarudzo yokuti darisanwa idivi ripi uye hwaro divi ripi inodudzirwa nokuti timire mugonyo ripi. Muzendami ndiye murefu anoramba aine zita rimwechete - uyu haachinje. Divi rakabatana negonyo ratiri kushanda naro ndiro rinova hwaro, repiri rakaita mutwi nehwaro ndiro rinova darisanwa. Zvizhinji zvichatsanangurwa muchikamu chePimagonyonhatu, (trigonometry) chichatevera mberi.
Tsananguro: Iro shoko reChirungu rinoti hypotenuse rinomborevei? Shoko rokuti hypo rinobva pashoko reLatin rinoreva kuti under. Shoko rokuti tenuse rinobva zvakare kuLatin richireva kuti stretched. Vakare vakatanga chidzidzo Kupimanyika vakacherechedza vakaona divi refu regonyonhatu richitaridzika seratatamurwa kana kuti paChirungu riri under tension or stretched. Vakare ava vakaenda mberi kwedu vaipawo mazita maererano nemaonero avaiita panguva yavo - ini ndinoonawo zvakafanira kuti kuChiShona tipe mazita maererano nemaonero edu sekuitawo kwakaita vakare vakaumba chidzidzo ichi kuChirungu. Nekukurawo kweruzivo tinoramba tichivandudza chidzidzo ichi kuti chitsangure zvine hudzamu hunokurawo.
Denderedzwa (circle kuEnglish)
Nhara (Radius)- iri izita remutsetse unobatanidza goko redenderedzwa nemuganhu wedenderedzwa; nhara ndiyo inotara panogumira denderedzwa. Izwi iri rinoshaniswazve kutsanangudza mutsetse unobatanidza goko reurungano, neuso hweurungano - uso hweurungano hune nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose kubva pagoko.
Gurapakati (Diameter) - uyu mutsetse unopfuura nepakati (centre) redenderedzwa uchinobata muganhu panzvimbo mbiri. Mutsetse uyu unotema denderedzwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana.
Guramakonyo (Diagonal muChiRungu) - iri izwi rinoreva mutsetse wakati twasa unobva pagonyo uchidanha nemukati megonyozhinji kuenda pane rimwe gonyo. Guramakonyo rinobatanidza makonyo asina kutevedzana chete. Kana chiumbwa chiri skweya, guramakonyo rinobatanidza goko (centre) negonyo mbiri dzakatarisana. Zviumbwa zvine mativi anodarika mana zvinoita zviguramakonyo zvinodarika maviri.
Pimamuganhu (Perimeter) - iri izita rinopiwa nhambwe yemitsetse inovaka chiumbwa chine nzenda mbiri. KuChiShona tichashandisa zita rimwechete kududza pimamuganhu yezviumbwa zvose kusanganisira denderedzwa.
Zhumwi (Prism) - chiumbwa chine nzenda nhatu (3-dimensional) chinotaridzika kunge chiumbwa chine nzenda mbiri chakatatamurwa zvichitevedza kunoenda mutwi unobva pahwaro. (Appears like a 2-dimensional shape that has been translated along a line perpendicular to the base, so that all parallel cross-sections have the same shape) Somuenzaniso, zhumwi regonyonhatu (triangular prism) rine uso huviri hwakati sambamba; mucheko yose yakati sambamba nemiviri yarehwa pamusoro inenge ine chiumbwa chegonyonhatu zvakare.
Chikunguru (cylinder kuEnglish) zvinoreva chiumbwa chine uso hutatu; huviri hwakati sambamba, hwechitatu hune mucheko wedenderedzwa. Huso hwechitatu hunobatanidza huviri hwakati sambamba. Chikunguru ndiwo muenzaniso wezhumwi redenderedzwa.
Mucheko (Cross-section) - iri shoko rinoreva uso hunoonekwa kana chiumbwa chine mumhu chachekwa. Chiumbwa chinogona chiri kuchekwa zvichitevedza: mutsetse wakati sambamba nehwaro hwachakagara nacho, mutsetse wakarurama pahwaro, kana mutsetse unoita gonyo ripi zvaro pahwaro.
Nharaunda yeMucheko (Cross-sectional area) - izwi iri rinotaura kukura kweuso hunoonekwa kana zhumwi yachekwa. Muzvinyorwa zviri kutevera tichange tichidzidza pamusoro petsazaniso dzekutsvaka kukura kwakaita nharaunda yeMucheko
Gonyoina sambamba (Parallelogram) - ichi chiumbwa chine mativi mana - mativi maviri akati sambamba anenge akaenzana - uye gonyo mbiri dzinobatanidzwa nedanhamakonyo dzinenge dzakaenzana.
Skweya (Square) iri shoko rinoreva chiumbwa chine mativi mana ose akaenzana negonyo ina dzose dzakaenzana. Skweya iri mubandiko wegonyoina.
Gonyoina tsazamativi (Rhombus) - iri izwi rinoreva gonyoina rine mativi akaenzana nhambwe. gonyo dzemukati dzakatarisana dzinenge dzakaenzana zvakare. Chiumbwa ichi chine madanhamakonyo maviri anochekana negonyo re 90o. Skweya iri pamupanda wegonyoina tsazamativi zvakare.
Gonyoina tsazamakonyo (Rectangle) - iri izwi rapiwa kureva chiumbwa chine makonyo mana ose akaenzana; gonyo rimwe nerimwe riine 90o. Mativi maviri akatarisana anenge akaenzana uye akati sambamba. Skweya rinogona kupinda pamupanda wechiumbwa ichi asi kazhinji tinosarudza kuti skweya rimire roga.
Gonyoina sambambiri (Trapezium, trapezoid) - sokutaura kwezita racho, chiumbwa ichi chine mativi mana; zvakare chine mativi maviri akati sambamba.
Urungano (Sphere) - izwi iri rinoreva chiumbwa chakaurungana kuita bhora. Nokumwe kutaura tinogona kupa zita rokuti chimburungwa.
Charaka (Cone) - iri izwi rinoreva chiumbwa chine uso huviri, humwe huri hwaro hwedenderedzwa hwakati sandarara hwepiri huri uso hunopfirira hwaro kusvika pachisuvi (apex). Nguva zhinji chisuvi chinenge chakaita kururama nepakati pedenderedzwa riri pauso hunova hwaro. Shoko reShona iri rinotodzana necharaka chinowanikwa paduwo rinoteyeswa hove rine kuumbwa kwe cone - hove inopinda nekwakapamhama, yave mukati charaka chakamanika zvokuti hove itadze kubuda.
Denderende (Ellipse) - iri zita rinoreva munyonga uri pamutsendo, unoonekwa panochekwa charaka zvichitevedza mutsendo nenzira inopa munyonga wakavharwa kwese (closed curve). Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutsendo wacho unocheka nenzira yokuti chiumbwa chinosara pachekwa chine munyonga chete pasina mutsetse wakati twasa; mutsendo haucheke hwaro kana chisuvi chiri pacharaka. Muenzaniso wedenderende ndiro boterekwa rinowanikwa Earth iri kupotereta zuva, kamwe pagore.
Dumba (Pyramid)- iri shoko rinotoredzera kubva pachiumbwa chinoonekwa kana tichitema mashanga echigabe nokuamisa kuita matumba. Tiri muchidzidzo Pimanyika kune marudzi ematumba anodanwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nechiumbwa chiri pahwaro hwedumba racho. Sokuti kune: dumba regonyonhanhatu (hexagonal pyramid); kwoita dumba reSkweya (square based pyramid); dumba regonyonhatu (triangular pyramid); dumba regonyoina tsazamakonyo (rectangular pyramid), zvichingodaro.
Akiso (Axis)- uyu mutsetse uri pakati pechiumbwa kana zviumbwa unoshandiswa kufananidza kupimirana kwechiumbwa. Kana chiumbwa chine kupimirana, zvinoreva kuti zviri kumativi maviri emutsetse iwoyu zvinenge zvakaenzanza huremu nekuumbwa.


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Chifufuro
Chifufuro (bribe) imari kana chimwe chine hukoshi chinoitwa kana kupiwa nemunhu kuti awane zvaanoda nenzira isiri pamutemo. Nokumwe kutaura chifufuro ndicho chiwokomuhomwe kana kuti tsindidzo. Vanhu vanofufura nezvikonzero zvakasiyana, vamwe nokuda kwavo vamwe nokumbunyikidzwa.
Muenzaniso[chinja | edit source]
- Mumwe anobhadhara chiwomuhomwe kumapurisa kuti mhosva yake iroveswe idzimwe kubva mubhuku remhosva.
- Vamwe vatyairi vanobhadhara chifufuro kana vabatwa vachidarika mutemo kuti vasapiwa tikiti.
- Vamwe vakabhadhara chiwokomuhomwe kuti vawane dzimba.


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Magazini eNharireyomurindi neMukai!
Magazini edu anotsanangura Bhaibheri anowanikwa mumitauro inopfuura 200, kusanganisira mutauro wemasaini. Nharireyomurindi inoratidza kuti zviri kuitika munyika zvinozadzisa sei uprofita hweBhaibheri. Inonyaradza vanhu nemashoko akanaka eUmambo hwaMwari uye inokurudzira vanhu kutenda muna Jesu Kristu. Mukai! inoratidza nzira yokukunda nayo matambudziko anhasi uye inoita kuti munhu avimbe nezvakavimbiswa noMusiki nezvenyika itsva ine rugare uye yakachengeteka.
Enda pakanzi Ratidza wosarudza mutauro waunoda, wobaya pakanzi Tsvaka kuti uone magazini aunoda.


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Nguva dzezuva
Chinyorwa chino chinotaura pamusoro penguva dzezuva nematauriwo adzinoitwa muZimbabwe.
Contents
Mangwanani[chinja | edit source]
Nguva yemangwanani ndiyo nguva yokutanga kwezuva kubva pakuyedza kwezuva vanhu vachimuka. Nguva iyi inotaurwawo nenzira dzimwe dzakasiyana. Kubata jongwe muromo kunotaura kuti munhu amuka rungwanani machongwe asati akukuridza. Mashambanzou inguva yerungwanani zvakare apo panoonekwa nzou dzichienda kudziva kunonwa mvura nokugeza miviri yadzo. Mambakwedza kana kuti mavambakuyedza zvinoreva rungwanani pakutangisa kwawo.
Masikati[chinja | edit source]
Iyi inguva yokunge zuva rakwira zvichibva pana 12 masikati. Panguva iyi vanhu vanenge vokwazisana Masikati asi kwete maswera sei?. Rudziyakamwe inguva apo zuva rinopisa zvakanyanya; panguva iyi zuva rinenge riri pakati pedenga richirova nhongonya. Nokumwe kutaura nguva iyi inonzi yechikumura mabhachi.
Manheru[chinja | edit source]
Nguva yemanheru inotaurwa kana zuva rarereka paye parinenge ronodoka. Apa vanhu vanenge vokwazisana manheru, maswera sei?. Nguva iyi inotaurwa nenzira dzimwe dzakasiyana. Rubvunza vaeni inguva dzekunge zuva ronodoka vanhu vabva kumabasa kana kumunda apo paisvika vanhu mumisha kwobvunzwa kuti ko ndiani mueni asvika pamusha uyo. Nokumwe kutaura nguva iyi inokwanisa kunzi madeko.
Husiku[chinja | edit source]
Shoko rokuti husiku rinotaura nguva iyo zuva rinenge radoka kwasviba, kusisina vazhnji vanobata basa kana kufamba. Nguva iyi inobatanidza apo vanhu vanenge varara ichinopinda murungwanani.


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Vhiki
Vhiki kana kuti svondo zvinoreva nguva inoita mazuva anoverengwa kuita masere akatevedzana. Mazuva evhiki anoverengwa zvichivamba musi weSvondo kusvika musi weMugovera. Nokumwe kutaura vamwe vanodaidza vachiti svondo.
Mazuva evhiki ndeanoti:
- Svondo - zuva rokutanga reVhiki kanaSvondo
- Muvhuro - zuva rechipiri reVhiki. Muvhuro izuva rokutanga pamazuva anoenda vanhu vazhinji kubasa, izuva rinovhura mazuva emushando paSvondo roga-roga.
- Chipiri - zuva rechipiri pamazuva anoshandiwa paSvondo roga roga. Uyewo, Chipiri izuva rechitatu kubva kutanga kweSvondo roga-roga.
- Chitatu - zuva rechitatu pamazuva anoenda vanhu vaszhinji kumabasa ririvo zuva rechina kubva pazuva rokutanga kweSvondo roga-roga
- China - iri izuva rechina pamasuva emushando paSvondo roga-roga, ririvo zuva rechishanu kubva pazuva rokutanga kweSvondo roga-roga.
- Chishanu - iri izuva rechishanu riri rekupedzisira pamazuva okushanda paSvondo roga-roga asizve riri zuva rechitanhatu kubva pazuva rokutanga paSvondo roga-roga.
- Mugovera kana kuti chitanhatu - iri izuva rokupedzisira paSvondo roga-roga. Uyewo izuva apo vamwe vashandi vanogovegwa mibairo yekushanda kwavakaita paSvondo rose, ndiko kusaka zuva iri rakanzi Mugovera.


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Nharaunda
Muzvidzidzo zveMasvomhu nePimanyika, nharaunda (Area) izwi rinoreva kukura kwakaita nzvimbo kunowanikwa nokuunga hwasha nehurefu hwenzvimbo iyoyo.
Nharaunda inodudza kukura kwenzvimbo ine nzenda mbiri.
Nharaunda inogonawo kutsvakwa pazviumbwa zviri pamutsendo uye chiso chine nzenda nhatu.
Kupima nharaunda[chinja | edit source]
Nharaunda inomimwa nezviyero zvinoti: skweya remita; skweya rekiromita; skweya refutu zvichingodaro. Kana kuchinzi skweya remita zvinoreva nharaunda yakakura kuenzana neye skweya rine mativi akareba mita rimwe. Ndizvo zvimwe neskweya rekiromita rine nharaunda yakakura kuenzana neye skweya rine mativi akareba kiromita rimwe.


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Kusamhura
Muchidzidzo masvomhu shoko rokuti kusamhura (calculating, doing the maths in English) rinoreva kushanda nenhamba kuti pawanikwe mhinduro inobva munhamba idzodzo. Vamwe vatauri vanoti kusvomhura kana kusamhura.
Mabasa anoitwa pakusamhura anosanganisira : kuwedzanisa, kubvisa, kuunga, kuradanura, kugovanisa zvichingodaro.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
- Calculate the following inenge yonzi, samhura zvinotevera kana kuti svomhura zvinotevera.
- Calculator inenge yonzi chisamhuri.
- Calculation inenge yonzi samhuro.
Nhoroondo[chinja | edit source]
Zvakakosha kuti tionesane kwakabva shoko reEnglish rinoreva zvimwe nerekuti kusamhura. Shoko rekuti calculate rakabva kuna calculus shoko reLatin rinoreva, pebble. Aya aiva matombo aishandiswa pakuverenga. Saka vaiti kana vaita masvomhu avo nematombo vaitenge vaita calculation. Nhasiwo zvakanaka kuti isu vatauri veShona titi kusamhura tichireva iko kuita masvomhu acho nenhamba dzawo.


text:
Muzvizdzidzo zvehurapi kufuta (Obesity in English) zvinotaura kuwanda kwemafuta mumuviri kunenge kwasvika padanho rokugona kukanganisa hutano hwemunhu, kukonzera hurwere kana kudamburira hupenyu hwemunhu pakati. Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri (Body Mass Index) chikero chinofananidza huremu nehurefu hwemuviri wemunhu. Chikero ichi chinoti huremu hwemunhu hwapfuura mwero kana Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri huri pakati pa 25 na 30 kg/m2, munhu akadarika 30 kg/m2 anenge ave kunzi afutisa. Tsazaniso inotsvagiswa Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri inonyorwa sezvizvi:
Munongedzo weHuremu hweMuviri, MHM = Huremu/(Hurefu)2 kg/m2
Huremu hwemunhu huchigovaniswa nehurefu hwakaradanurwa nepawa repiri (2).
TsikaEdit
- Kune dzimwe tsika, munhu akafuta anoonekwa kunge munhu ane mari yakawanda. Izvi zvinenge zvinodaro nokuti ana muzvina bhizinisi vakawanda vakafuta vaine matumbu akakura.
- Mukutaura kwemazuva ose kunonzi Munhu ari kusimba apo panenge pachirehwa kuti ari kufuta.
- Mutauro wechimanje manje unotaura uchiti munhu ari kuwanda kana kuti mudhafu.


text:
Rudzivo
Muchidzidzo chepimanyika, rudzivo (Direction) rinoreva mashoko anotigonesa kunongedzwa kuti nzvimbo iri kupi. Rudzivo runonongedza divi riri kutaurwa nezvaro. Rudzivo ndiyo mhinduro yatinotsvaga patinobvunzwa mibvunzo yokuti:
- Uri kuenda kupi, papi chaipo?;
- Uri kupi, papi chaipo?;
- KuHarare ndinosvika sei, ndinotevedza nzira dzipi?;
- Mabhazi anoenda kumusha akwirirwa kupi?'
Mepu dzepanyika dzinotaridza mativi mana erudzivo anoti: Mabvazuva, Madokero, Maodzanyemba, neChamhembe.
Tsanguro[chinja | edit source]
Mabvazuva idivi riri kunobuda nako zuva mangawani ega ega.
Madokero idivi riri kunonyura nako zuva manheru ega ega. Panopimwa gonya rinokwana 180o kubva kuMadokero kusvika kuMabvazuva.
Maodzanyemba: Iri idivi riri kurudyi kwemunhu kana akatarisa kunovirira zuva (kumavirazuva kana kuti kumadokero). Ku maodzanyemba kwakapesana nokuchamhembe.
Chamhembe: idivi riri kwakapesana nokumaodzanyemba, uye kunenge kuri kurudyi kana munhu akatarisa kumabvazuva. Pane gonya rinokwana 180o pakati peMaodzanyemba neChamhembe.
Kutsetsa Rudzivo[chinja | edit source]
Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMabvazuva (North East in English) ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuMaodzanyemba, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMabvazuva. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuMaodzanyemba, uye 45o kubva kuMabvazuva.
Kana potaurwa muchidimbu kunonzi kuMaodzanyemba nechekuMabvazuva.
Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMadokero - ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuMaodzanyemba, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMadokero. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuMaodzanyemba, uye 45o kubva kuMadokero.
Chamhembe kwakadziva kuMadokero (South West in English) ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuChamhembe, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMadokero. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuChamhembe, uye 45o kubva kuMadokero.
Kana potaurwa muchidimbu kunonzi, Chamhembe nechekuMadokero.
Chamhembe kwakadziva kuMabvazuva (South East in English) ndirwo rudzivo rwunoti kana munhu akatarisa kuChamhembe, anofanira kutenderera gonya rinokwana 45o achinanga kuMabvazuva. Rudzivo urwu rwuri 45o kubva kuChamhembe, uye 45o kubva kuMabvazuva.
Kana potaurwa muchidimbu kunonzi, Chamhembe nechekuMabvazuva.


text:
Ndingaita Sei Kana Vabereki Vangu Vava Kuda Kurambana?
Zvaunogona kuita
Taura navo zviri kukunetsa. Ita kuti vabereki vako vazive kushushikana kana kuti kuvhiringidzika kwauri kuita. Vanogona kukutsanangurira zviri kuitika zvoita kuti usanyanya kunetseka.
Kana vabereki vako vakatadza kukupa rubatsiro rwauri kuda, unogona kuudza munhu mukuru waunovimba naye.—Zvirevo 17:17.
Chinokosha chaunogona kuita kunyengetera kuna Baba vako vekudenga, “
Munzwi womunyengetero.” (Pisarema 65:2) Vaudze zvose zviri pamwoyo pako ‘
nokuti ivo vane hanya newe.’—1 Petro 5:7.
Zvausingafaniri kuita
Usaramba wakavagumbukira. “
Vabereki vangu vaingozvifunga ivo,” anodaro Daniel, uyo ane vabereki vakarambana aine makore manomwe. “
Vakanga vasingambofungi kana kufunga kuti zvavaiita zvaizotikanganisa sei.”
Chii chaizoitika kuna Daniel kana aizoramba aine chigumbu?—Zvingangokubatsira: Verenga Zvirevo 29:22.
Zvakanakirei kuti Daniel aregerere vabereki vake nokumurwadzisa kwavakaita?—Zvingangokubatsira: Verenga VaEfeso 4:31, 32.
Usaita zvinhu zvinozokukanganisa. “
Ndakarwadziwa uye ndakaora mwoyo vabereki vangu pavakarambana,” anoyeuka kudaro Denny. “
Zvinhu zvakanga zvisingachafambi zvakanaka kuchikoro zvokuti gore rose ndakanga ndichidofora. Pashure peizvi... ndakanga ndava kuita zveupenzi uye ndakanga ndisingachabviri muzvibhakera.”
Unofunga kuti nemhaka yei Denny aiita zveupenzi uye zvokuda kurwa nevamwe?
Zvinotaurwa pana VaGaratiya 6:7 zvingabatsira sei vane tsika dzakaipa dzakaita sedzaDenny?
Kuvhiringidzwa kwaunoitwa mupfungwa kunotora nguva kuti kupere. Nokufamba kwenguva pauchazozvigamuchira kuti ndozvazviri uchakwanisa kuenderera mberi noupenyu.


text:
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Hongu
Kwete
Bhaibheri repaIndaneti
SHANDURO YENYIKA ITSVA YEMAGWARO MATSVENE
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Hongu
Kwete
44 Gare gare akarayira munhu aitarisira imba yake,+ achiti: “Zadza homwe dzevarume vacho nezvokudya kusvikira pane zvavanokwanisa kutakura uye isa mari yomumwe nomumwe mumuromo wehomwe yake.+
2 Asi uise kapu yangu, iyo kapu yesirivha, mumuromo wehomwe yomuduku wacho nemari yezviyo zvake.” Naizvozvo akaita maererano neshoko raJosefa raakanga ataura.+
3 Kwakanga kwaedza mangwanani acho varume vacho pavakaregwa vachienda,+ ivo nembongoro dzavo.
4 Vakabuda muguta. Vakanga vasati vasvika kure Josefa paakati kumunhu aitarisira imba yake: “Simuka! Tevera varume vaya, uvabate uti kwavari, ‘Nei matsiva zvakanaka nokuita zvakaipa?+
5 Ichi hachisi icho chinhu chinonwira tenzi wangu uye chaanodudzira nacho manenji zvine unyanzvi here?+ Maita chinhu chakaipa.’”
6 Akazovabata, akataura mashoko aya kwavari.
7 Asi vakati kwaari: “Nei tenzi wangu achitaura mashoko akadai seaya? Vashandi venyu havangambofungi kuita chinhu chakaita seichi.
8 Chokwadi, mari yatakawana mumiromo yehomwe dzedu takaidzosa kwamuri tichibva kunyika yeKenani.+ Saka, tingaba sei sirivha kana ndarama muimba yatenzi wenyu?+
9 Mumwe wevaranda venyu anowanikwa anayo ngaafe uye isu ngativewo varanda kuna tenzi wangu.”+
10 Naizvozvo akati: “Zvino ngazvive chaizvo maererano nemashoko enyu.+ Nokudaro uyo anowanikwa ainayo achava muranda wangu,+ asi imi muchava vasina mhosva.”
11 Naizvozvo mumwe nomumwe akakurumidza kuburutsa homwe yake, uye mumwe nomumwe akavhura homwe yake.
12 Zvino iye akanyatsotsvaka. Akatanga nomukuru akapedzisira nomuduku wacho. Kapu yacho yakazowanikwa muhomwe yaBhenjamini.+
13 Vakabva vabvarura majasi avo,+ mumwe nomumwe akakwidzazve mutoro wake pambongoro yake, vakadzokera kuguta.
14 Judha+ nevana vababa vake vakapinda mumba maJosefa, uye akanga achirimo; vakawira pasi pamberi pake.+
15 Zvino Josefa akati kwavari: “Chii ichi chamaita? Hamuna kuziva here kuti murume akaita seni anogona kududzira manenji zvine unyanzvi?”+
16 Judha akati: “Tingatii kuna tenzi wangu? Tingataurei? Tingazviratidza sei kuti takarurama?+ Mwari wechokwadi awana kukanganisa kwevaranda venyu.+ Tarirai tava varanda kuna tenzi wangu,+ isu nouyo awanikwa aine kapu muruoko rwake!”
17 Asi iye akati: “Handingambofungi kuita zvakadai!+ Murume awanikwa aine kapu muruoko rwake ndiye achava muranda wangu.+ Asi vamwe vose, endai norugare kuna baba venyu.”+
18 Zvino Judha akaswedera pedyo naye akati: “Ndinokutetererai tenzi wangu, ndapota regai muranda wenyu ataure shoko tenzi wangu achinzwa,+ musatsamwira+ muranda wenyu kwazvo, nokuti imi makaenzana naFarao.+
19 Tenzi wangu akabvunza varanda vake, achiti, ‘Muna baba here kana munun’una?’
20 Naizvozvo takati kuna tenzi wangu, ‘Tina baba vakwegura uye mwana wepaukweguru hwavo, gotwe.+ Asi mukoma wake akafa zvokuti iye oga ndiye asara waamai vake,+ uye baba vake vanomuda.’
21 Pashure paizvozvo makati kuvaranda venyu, ‘Uyai naye kwandiri kuti ndimuone nemaziso angu.’+
22 Asi takati kuna tenzi wangu, ‘Mukomana wacho haangasiyi baba vake. Kana akasiya baba vake, chokwadi vangafa.’+
23 Makabva mati kuvaranda venyu, ‘Kana mukasauya nomunun’una wenyu wegotwe, hamungaonizve chiso changu.’+
24 “Zvino takaenda kumuranda wenyu, baba vangu, tikabva tavaudza mashoko atenzi wangu.
25 Gare gare baba vedu vakati, ‘Dzokerai, mutitengere zvokudya zvishomanana.’+
26 Asi takati, ‘Hatikwanisi kuenda. Tichaenda kana tiine munun’una wedu wegotwe, nokuti hatingaoni chiso chomurume wacho kana tisina munun’una wedu wegotwe.’+
27 Muranda wenyu baba vangu akabva ati kwatiri, ‘Iyemi munonyatsoziva kuti mudzimai wangu akandiberekera vanakomana vaviri chete.+
28 Gare gare mumwe wacho akandisiya ndikati: “Chokwadi anofanira kuva akabvamburwa-bvamburwa!”+ uye handisati ndamuona kusvikira zvino.
29 Kana mukatora uyuwo kuti ndirege kumuona, akawirwa nenjodzi inouraya, chokwadi mungaburutsira bvudzi rangu jena muSheori nedambudziko.’+
30 “Zvino, pandinongosvika chete kumuranda wenyu baba vangu tisina mukomana wacho, mweya wavo zvawakanamatirana nomweya wouyu,+
31 chokwadi pavanongoona chete kuti mukomana wacho haapo vachabva vangofa, varanda venyu vachaburutsira bvudzi jena romuranda wenyu baba vedu muSheori neshungu.
32 Nokuti muranda wenyu akava chokumbofanobata+ nokuda kwomukomana wacho paanenge asiri kuna baba vake, achiti, ‘Kana ndikakundikana kumudzosa kwamuri, ndichave ndatadzira baba vangu nokusingaperi.’+
33 Zvino, ndapota, muranda wenyu ngaasare ari muranda watenzi wangu panzvimbo pomukomana wacho, kuti mukomana wacho aende nevakoma vake.+
34 Nokuti ndingaenda sei kuna baba vangu ndisina mukomana wacho, ndinotyira kuti ndingabva ndaona dambudziko richawana baba vangu?”+
© 2014 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania.
|


text:
Chinyorwa chino chinotaura pamusoro pechubhu dzinotakura ropa (blood vessels in English) ichubhu dzinotakura ropa pakati penhengo dzose dzemuviri kudzosera kumoyo kana kubva kumoyo.
Mhando dzechubhu dzinotakura ropaEdit
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzechubhu dzinotakura ropa dzinodanwa kunzi veins, arteries, capillaries kuEnglish. Pachinyorwa chino pachaedzwa kupatsanura mhando dzechubhu idzi kuti dzionekwe musiyano wadzo.
TsingaEdit
Artery ichanzi tsinga nokuti idzi ihuru uye dzinonatsa kuonekwa nechekunze paganda. Tsinga dzinotakura ropa kubva kumoyo kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
MutsiEdit
Vein ichanzi mutsi nokuti iyi idiki pane tsinga uye hainyanye kuonekwa nechekunze. Mitsi inotakura ropa kubva kunhengo dzemuviri kudzosera kumoyo. Shoko rokuti mutsi rinoda kutodzana nerokuti umutsi rinoreva blood vessel kumutauro wechiKirundu chinotaurwa kuBurundi. Pano shoko iri rashansiwa kuti pakwaniswe kupatsanura musiyano wechubhu dzinotakura ropa; kana kuchizenge kwawanikwa rimwe zita riri nani tichashandisa iroro.
MushwairaEdit
Mushwaira (Capillary blood vessel) zvinoreva mhando yetsinga ndikisa dzinobatsira mukutsinhana kana kugachidzana kwezvinhu zvinowanikwa mumuviri zvinoti: oxygen, carbon dioxide, mvura, chikafu, nemishonga inoraswa pakati peropa nenhengo dzemuviri. Mishwaira inobatanidza tsinga hombe dzinotakura ropa kubva kumoyo kuenda kunhengo dzomuviri netsinga ndiki chinodzosera ropa kumoyo.


text:
Nhungu
Nhungu (Shack in English) imba inovakwa kumunda inoshandiswa pakunge munhu oda kutiza mvura inonaya, kuwana mumvuri, kana pakudya. Kazhinji chivakwa ichi chaivakwa chine denga chete pasina madziro kana kuti chiine madziro ane mapango asina kudzirwa. Vamwe vatauri kune mamwe matunhu vanodana nhungu vachiti gotekwa kana kuti dumba.
Pakutaura kwanhasi tinogona kuti imba dzinoshandiswa nana hudhu pagedhi inhungu zvakare nokuti chinangwa chikuru kuhwanda kubva kuzuva. Saka inonzi "shack" kuchirungu inenge yonzi nhungu.


text:
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, rufuvha (current) zvinoreva kuyerera kwechaji yemagetsi muhwendedzo inopereka magetsi.
Mumaseketi emagetsi, chaji iyi inositakurwa nemaerekitironi muwaya. Inogonawo kutakurwa nemaayoni mumupfutukanegetsi (electrolyte) kana kuti nezvose maerekitironi nemaayoni mupurasima.
Chiyero cherufuvha mumaSI chinoyera reti yekuyerera kwechaji paumwe hwechiyero chenguva chinonzi ambee (A) (muChirungu, ampere). Ambee imwe chete inoyera chaji yecoulomb imwe chete inoyerera munguva yesekondi imwe chete. Rufuvha rwemagetsi runopimwa nemuchina unonzi amita.
Mhando dzerufuvhaEdit
Rufuvha runonyanya kuwonekwa ruchifamba nenzira mbiri dzinoti: rufuvha rwetsinhamativi (alternating current) uye rufuvha rwemutondakumwe (direct current).


text:
Chidzidzo 9
Ndeipi Nzira Yakanakisisa Yokugadzirira Nayo Misangano?
Kana uri kudzidza Bhaibheri nemumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha, ungangodaro uchiedza kufanoongorora mashoko acho musati maita chidzidzo chimwe nechimwe. Kuti ubatsirwe zvikuru, zvakanaka kuti uitewo saizvozvo usati wapinda musangano weungano. Tinonyanya kubatsirwa kana tikagara tichidaro.
Sarudza kuti uchadzidza nguvai uye uri kupi. Inguvai yaunogona kunyatsoisa pfungwa dzako pane zvaunodzidza? Mangwanani-ngwanani here, usati watanga kuita basa rako kana kuti kumanheru vana varara? Kunyange kana usingakwanisi kudzidza kwenguva yakareba, sarudza kuti inguva yakawanda sei yaungashandisa pakudzidza, woita kuti pasava nechinhu chinokuvhiringidza. Tsvaka nzvimbo yakanyarara, uye bvisa zvinhu zvose zvinokanganisa nokudzima redhiyo, terevhizheni, uye serura. Kunyengetera usati wadzidza kuchakubatsira kuti usanyanye kufunga zvimwe zvinhu kuitira kuti uise pfungwa paShoko raMwari.—VaFiripi 4:6, 7.
Maka mhinduro, uye gadzirira kuzopindura. Tanga nokunzwisisa kuti nyaya yacho iri kutaura nezvei. Funga nezvemusoro wenyaya yacho kana kuti wechitsauko chacho, ona kuti musoro mudiki mumwe nomumwe unobatana sei nenyaya yacho, uye ongorora chero mifananidzo nemibvunzo yokudzokorora zvinosimbisa pfungwa huru. Ibva waverenga ndima imwe neimwe uye tsvaka mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakadhindwa. Tsvaka woverenga magwaro asina mashoko akaiswa mundima uye funga kuti anotsigira sei nyaya yacho. (Mabasa 17:11) Paunowana mhinduro yomubvunzo wacho, maka mashoko mashomanana anokosha ari mundima anozokubatsira kuyeuka mhinduro yacho. Zvadaro, wava pamisangano unogona kusimudza ruoko rwako kana uchida wopa mhinduro pfupi uchishandisa mashoko ako.
Nokuongorora nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzinokurukurwa vhiki imwe neimwe pamisangano, uchawedzera pfungwa itsva ‘mudura rako repfuma’ yezivo yeBhaibheri.—Mateu 13:51, 52.
Chii chaunogona kugara uchiita kuti ugadzirire misangano?
Ungagadzirira sei kuti uzopindura pamusangano?


text:
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Hongu
Kwete
Bhaibheri repaIndaneti
SHANDURO YENYIKA ITSVA YEMAGWARO MATSVENE
Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Hongu
Kwete
7 Zita rakanaka riri nani pane mafuta akanaka,+ uye zuva rokufa riri nani pane zuva rokuberekwa kwomunhu.+
2 Zviri nani kuenda kuimba yokuchema pane kuenda kuimba yemabiko,+ nokuti ndiwo mugumo wevanhu vose; uye munhu mupenyu anofanira kuzvifungisisa nomwoyo wake.
3 Kunetseka kuri nani pane kuseka,+ nokuti mwoyo unova nani nokusuruvara kwechiso.+
4 Mwoyo yevakachenjera iri muimba yokuchema,+ asi mwoyo yemapenzi iri muimba yokufara.+
5 Zviri nani kunzwa kutsiura kwomunhu akachenjera+ pane kuva munhu anonzwa rwiyo rwemapenzi.+
6 Nokuti kuseka kwebenzi+ kwakaita sokuputika kunoita minzwa iri pasi pehari; uye izviwo hazvina zvazvinobatsira.
7 Nokuti kudzvinyirira kungaita kuti munhu akachenjera aite sebenzi,+ uye chipo+ chinogona kuparadza mwoyo.+
8 Kuguma kwenyaya kuri nani kupfuura kutanga kwayo.+ Anoshivirira ari nani kupfuura anozvikudza.+
9 Usakurumidza kugumbuka,+ nokuti kugumbuka kunogara pachipfuva chemapenzi.+
10 Usati: “Nei mazuva ekare aiva nani pane aya?”+ nokuti kubvunza kwako pamusoro peizvi kushaya uchenjeri.+
11 Uchenjeri pamwe chete nenhaka zvakanaka uye zvinobatsira vaya vanoona zuva.+
12 Nokuti uchenjeri hunodzivirira+ kufanana nemari inodzivirira;+ asi zvakanakira zivo ndezvokuti uchenjeri hunochengetedza varidzi vahwo vari vapenyu.+
13 Ona basa+ raMwari wechokwadi, nokuti ndiani angaruramisa zvaakakombamisa?+
14 Ita zvakanaka pazuva rakanaka,+ uye pazuva redambudziko ona kuti Mwari wechokwadi akaita iri rakafanana neiro,+ kuti vanhu varege kuziva chinhu chero chipi zvacho chichazovatevera.+
15 Ndakaona zvinhu zvose mumazuva angu asingabatsiri.+ Pane munhu akarurama anoparara mukururama kwake,+ uye pane munhu akaipa anogara muuipi hwake kwenguva refu.+
16 Usanyanya kuva akarurama,+ kana kuratidza kuti wakanyanya kuchenjera.+ Nei uchifanira kuzviparadza?+
17 Usanyanya kuva akaipa,+ kana kuva benzi.+ Ungafirei iyo isiri nguva yako?+
18 Zviri nani kuti ubate chimwe chete, asi usaregedza chimwe chacho;+ nokuti iye anotya Mwari achaenda nazvo zvose.+
19 Uchenjeri hwakasimba kumunhu akachenjera kupfuura varume gumi vane simba vaiva muguta.+
20 Nokuti hapana munhu akarurama panyika anoramba achiita zvakanaka asingatadzi.+
21 Mwoyo wako ngaurege kuva nehanya nemashoko ose angataurwa nevanhu,+ kuti urege kunzwa mushandi wako achikutuka.+
22 Nokuti mwoyo wako unonyatsoziva kuti kazhinji, iwe wakatukawo vamwe.+
23 Zvose izvi ndakazviedza nouchenjeri. Ndakati: “Ndichava akachenjera.” Asi ihwo hwakanga huri kure neni.+
24 Zvakavapo zviri kure uye zvakanyanya kudzama. Ndiani angazviziva?+
25 Ini ndakatendeuka, mwoyo wangu ukadarowo,+ kuti ndizive, kuti ndiongorore uye nditsvake uchenjeri+ nechikonzero chezvinhu,+ uye kuti ndizive nezvokuipa kwoupenzi uye ufuza hwoupengo;+
26 uye ndakanga ndichitsvaka: Ndakawana kuti mukadzi anenge mambure okuvhimisa uye aiva nomwoyo wakaita semambure okukukudzisa uye aiva nemaoko akaita sezvisungo zvomumakumbo+ anoshungurudza kupfuura rufu.+ Munhu anova akanaka pamberi paMwari wechokwadi kana akamutiza, asi munhu anotadza kana akabatwa naye.+
27 “Onai! Ndawana izvi,” akadaro muunganidzi,+ “chinhu chimwe nechimwe chichitariswa, kuti ndiwane kuguma kwazvo,+
28 kwakaramba kuchitsvakwa nomweya wangu, asi handina kukuwana. Ndakawana murume mumwe chete pane vane chiuru,+ asi handina kuwana mukadzi pane vose ava.+
29 Onai! Ndakangowana izvi chete, kuti Mwari wechokwadi akaita vanhu vakarurama,+ asi ivo vakatsvaka mazano mazhinji.”+
© 2014 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania.
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text:
Chisumamunyati
Shoko rokuti chisumamunyati (Hypothesis in English) ringadudzirwa sezvizvi:
- Bumbiro remashoko ari kusumwa nenyanzvi anoyedza kutsangangudza mhando yechiitiko nenzira yakarongeka uye inobatanidza zvinhu zvakacherechedzwa.
- Chisumamunyati ndicho chinova hwaro hwekutara nzira nemaitiro ebasa rokubata idi kuti zviri kutaurwa nechisumamunyati idi here.
- Chisumamunyati chinofanirwa kunge chakanyorwa nenzira iri nyore kunzwisisa uye yakarongeka.
- Kugamuchirwa kwechisumamunyati kune chekuita nokuti chiri kupindirana netsananguro dzakapiwa nezvimwe zvisumazivo kana mutemo zvakaparurwa nenyanzvi munguva dzakapfuura.
- Kana chisumamunyati chapenengurwa choonekwa kuti chinotaura idi munhambo zhinji, chinobva chodanwa kunzi mutemo.
- chisumamunyati chinozoshandiswa kutsigira dudzirazivo munguva dziri mberi; saka chiri pasi pedudzirazivo pachikero chokuyedzwa nokugamuchirwa.
Zvakakosha kuonesana kuti chisumamunyati chinotaura zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinotsanangura chiitiko chiri kucherechedzwa nenzira yakatsarukana pamberi penyanzvi uye zvichifannidzwa nezvinozivikanwa nechekare. Icho chisumamunyati chinotoda kuyedzwa kuti pabatwe kuti chinoreva chokwadi here patsananguro yachinopa. Kune rimwe divi dudzirazivo rinenge rakaedzwa rikawonekwa richireva idi panhambo zhinji zvokuti rave kutembeka mune zvarinotaura.
Kupiwa kwezita[chinja | edit source]
Zita rokuti chisumamunyati rabatanidza mazwi anoti kusuma uye munyati. Izwi rokuti kusuma rinoreva kupira mashoko kuvanhu kana kuti kuudza vanhu mashoko - to inform or propose. Shoko rokuti munyati rinoreva mazano, pfungwa zvikurusei mazano ane tsarukano anogamuchirika anotaridza kuti munhu ari kufunga zvakarongeka. Saka pano chisumamunyati chinosuma pfungwa nemazano enyanzvi iri kunyora kune avo vachaverenga kana kunzwa. Chichifaninidzwa nezvinoitwa pakusuma mashoko padare mumusha, mashoko anotaurwa nechisumamunyati anogona kuvandudzwa zvichienderana nehumbowo hutsva.


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Husvinu
Husvinu (quality in English) zvinotaura kuti chinhu chinosvika pakururama kunodiwa here. Husvinu hunopimwa maererano nezvakabvumiranwa pakati pemutengi nemutengesi.
Ngatitii mutengi ati anoda chingwa chine huremu hunodarika 750gram. Pazvingwa zana kana makumi manomwe echingwa chikaita huremu honosvika 750gram kureva kuti 80% yechingwa chasvika pahusvinu huri kudiwa. Chingwa ichi chasvika patingati panogamuchirika takatarisana nehusvinu kana kururama kwacho.
Apa papihwa muenzaniso mumwe wechinhu chingapimwa kana kuchitariswa husvinu. Vamwe vangada kupima husvinu hwesimbi yabva mukunatswa vachishandisa hunatswi kana kuti kuchena kwakaita simbi iyi. Sokuti copper yakanatswa kusvika pa 99.9% ine hunatswi hwemhando yepamusoro kudarika ine 97% copper.
Kupiwa kweZita[chinja | edit source]
Pakutaura mazuva ose kunotaurwa kuchinzi:
- Mati munhu anombotaura zvisvinu here? Izvi zvichireva kuti anotaura zvine musoro zvinogamuchirika pane vamwe here.
- Akatenga motokari svinu. Kureva kuti akatenga motokari yemhando yepamusoro, inoyemurwa kana kugamuchirka.
- Tipei mari svinu mukwasha. Kureva kuti mari inoenderana nezviri kudiwa kana kutsvagiwa, imari inogamuchirika zvakare kana ichienzaniswa nezviri kutengwa zvacho.
Saka pano panzi husvinu hunoenderana neshoko reEnglish rekuti "Quality".


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MASHOKO OKUWEDZERA
Jesu Kristu—Mesiya Akapikirwa
KUTI atibatsire kuziva Mesiya, Jehovha Mwari akafuridzira vaprofita vakawanda vanotaurwa muBhaibheri kuti vape mashoko akadzama pamusoro pokuberekwa, ushumiri, uye rufu zvoMununuri uyu akapikirwa. Uprofita hwose uhwu huri muBhaibheri hwakazadzika pana Jesu Kristu. Hwakarurama uye hwakadzama zvinoshamisa. Kuti tienzanisire izvi, ngatikurukurei uprofita hushomanana hwakafanotaura zviitiko zvaiva nechokuita nokuberekwa kwaMesiya uye nguva yaaiva muduku.
Muprofita Isaya akafanotaura kuti Mesiya aizova muzukuru waMambo Dhavhidhi. (Isaya 9:7) Zvechokwadi Jesu akaberekerwa mudzinza raDhavhidhi.—Mateu 1:1, 6-17.
Mika, mumwe muprofita waMwari, akafanotaura kuti mwana uyu aizova mutongi uye kuti aizoberekerwa mu“Bhetrehema Efrata.” (Mika 5:2) Panguva yakaberekwa Jesu, paiva nemataundi maviri muIsraeri ainzi Bhetrehema. Rimwe raiva pedyo neNazareta munharaunda yokumusoro kwenyika yacho, uye rimwe raiva pedyo neJerusarema muJudha. Bhetrehema raiva pedyo neJerusarema raimbonzi Efrata. Jesu akaberekerwa mutaundi iroro, sezvakanga zvafanotaurwa nouprofita chaizvo!—Mateu 2:1.
Humwe uprofita hwomuBhaibheri hwakafanotaura kuti Mwanakomana waMwari aizoshevedzwa “kuti abude muIjipiti.” Paaiva mwana, Jesu akaendeswa kuIjipiti. Akadzoswa pashure pokufa kwaHerodhi, izvi zvichizadzisa uprofita hwacho.—Hosiya 11:1; Mateu 2:15.
Pachati iri papeji 200, magwaro akarongwa pasi pomusoro unoti “Uprofita” ane mashoko akadzama ane chokuita naMesiya. Tapota aenzanise nemagwaro akarongwa pasi pomusoro unoti “Kuzadzika.” Kuita izvozvo kuchasimbisazve kutenda kwako kwokuti Shoko raMwari nderechokwadi.
Paunenge uchiongorora magwaro aya, yeuka kuti aya ane uprofita akanyorwa mazana emakore Jesu asati aberekwa. Jesu akati: “Zvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa mumutemo waMosesi neZvakanyorwa nevaprofita nomuMapisarema pamusoro pangu zvinofanira kuzadzika.” (Ruka 24:44) Sezvaungaona muBhaibheri rako pachako, chokwadi zvakazadzika—zvose zvazvo!


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NYAYA dzekugaronetsana pakati pevanhu vanoroja kana kuti kurenda dzimba nevaridzi vedzimba ihukutu.
Kakawanda unonzwa vanoroja vachichema-chema pamusoro pemabatirwo avanoitwa nevaridzi vedzimba dzavanoroja. Nekune rimwe divi vamwe varidzi vedzimba, ma “landlord”, vanogunun’una nezvavanoitirwa nemaroja. Zvichireva kuti mumwe nemumwe anenge aine zvipomerwa pamusoro pemumwe. Zviri kunzungu nekunyimo!
Semuenzaniso, tine imwe nyaya yatinayo svondo rino, yemunhu airoja pane imwe imba kuChitungwiza uyo akabatwa nemhosva mudare reChitungwiza Magistrates’ Courts yekurova pamwe nekuruma muridzi wepamba paairoja mushure mekunge vanetsana.
Vaviri ava vakanetsana apo murume airoja uyu akada kubva pamba apa asina kugadzirisa fafitera raakange apunza zvinova zvakatuma muridzi wemba kuti ade kumubatira mudziyo ichibva yave batai-batai.
Muridzi wemba paakaona nyaya iyi yakora muto, muromo watorumwa kare, akabva azoenda kumapurisa.
Zviri pachena kuti murume airoja uyu aida kuiita chitsotsi chisina musoro nekuti kana munhu uchinge wapunza mudziyo wemuridzi unofanirwa kugadzirisa. Waunoda kuti akugadzirisire pawakaparadza ndiani? Nyaya dzakadai idzi ndidzo dzimwe dzinoita kuti masadzimba nemaroja vagare upenyu hunenge hwegonzo nechin’ai.
Sekutaura kwevakuru, hakunai mvura isina chura, zvichireva kuti kumativi ose, angave maroja kana masadzimba kunogona kuwana vanoda kubatirira vamwe mumagariro avanenge vakaita.
Kune nyaya dzakawanda dzinobuda dzevamwe vanhu vanoroja avo vanoti vanobatwa nekuseri kwemawoko nevaridzi vedzimba dzavanenge vachigara. Vamwe vanoti havaratidzwe magwaro akaita seemagetsi nemvura pakupera kwedzi asi vachingonzi nemuridzi wemba vabhadhare mari dzavasingazive kuti dzinenge dziri dzei. Vamwe vanopihwa mitemo yakaita senguva dzekupinda pamba, chikafu chavanotenderwa kudya kana huwandu hwehama neshamwari dzinofanirwa kuvabvakachira. Mhosva yacho iri yekuti “roja harina imba”.
Zvinonzi muridzi wemba dzimwe nguva anongoti magetsi kana mvura mwedzi uno zvakaita mari yakati asina kuratidza vaagere nawo magwaro acho. Semaonero edu, uku kubata vamwe vanhu hunhapwa chaihwo nekuti hazvina basa kuti munhu ari kuroja ane kodzero dzake nekudaro anofanirwa kunge achiratidzwa gwaro, ringave remvura kana magetsi kuti agobvisa mari yake akasununguka. Asika tose hatingapere kuita dzimba.
Anozorojera mumwe ndiyani? Tikada kunyatsodzamisa pfungwa tinoona kuti vashoma vanhu vakangotanga vachigara mudzimba dzavo sezvo vazhinji vakambotanga vari marojawo. Mukana chete unenge usati wasvika kuti munhu akwanise kuita imba yake nekudaro hazvina kunaka kubatana nekunze kwemawoko. Asiwo kune mamwewo maroja asingagarike nawo. Vanongogara riri zhowe-zhowe kurwa, mari dzerendi, dzemagetsi nedzemvura havadi kubhadhara uye imba yavanogara havaibate seyavo, zvinhu zvinongopunzwa.
Kune vamwe vanonetsana zvekupedzisira vasvitsana kune vanogadzirisa makakatanwa pakati pemaroja nevaridzi vemba, veRent Board. Asi semaonero edu, chakakosha kugarisana zvakanaka pasina kuzvidzana kana kutarisirana pasi. Nekuti haunganzi “landlord” pasina roja.


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MURIMI mukuru uyo anove zvakare mumiriri weBindura South mudare reNational Assembly, Cde Remigious Matangira, vovandudza marimiro avo kuburikidza nekugaisa hupfu kubva kuchibage chavari kurima papurazi ravo kuBindura.
Cde Matangira vakati vakatanga bhindauko rekugayisa upfu iri nekushandisa zvose zvinobva pachibage nedonzvo rekuzadzikisa chirongwa chehurumende chekuvandudza upfumi hwenyika cheZim-Asset.
“Pano pamunda wangu ndiri kuita mabasa akawanda anoenderana nechirongwa chekusimudzira upfumi hwenyika cheZim-Asset.
Pano ndiri kurima chibage ndichichikohwa nemishina yepamusoro.
Tiri kugaya hupfu tega pamwe chete nekuhuisa mumasaga akanyorwa kuti Zim-Asset apo hunozotengeswa muzvitoro zvakasiyana- siyana.
Maguri echibage ichi nemagufu acho tiri kuagaisa kuita chikafu chehuku,” vakadaro.
“Zvese izvi tiri kuedza kuvamba mabasa uye kuvhura misika yekutengeswa kwezvinhu zvanga zvisisiri mumusika panguva yanga yambooma zvinhu munyika.”
Cde Matangira vakakurudzira vamwe varimi kuti vandudze marimiro avo kuburikidza nekugadzira zvimwe zvinhu kubva muzvirimwa zvavo.


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VECHIDUKU VANOBVUNZA KUTI
Ndinofanira Kuita Sei Kana Ndatyora Mutemo Wevabereki Vangu?
Kuti zvinhu zvisanyanya kuipa unofanira kuita zvinotevera:
Taura chokwadi. Kana ukasataura chokwadi, vabereki vako havazotombovimbi newe. Saka buda pachena uye taura zvinhu sezvazviri.
Usapa zvikonzero nechinangwa chokuda kuzviita akarurama kana kurerutsa zvinenge zvaitika.
Gara uchiziva kuti “
mhinduro, kana iri nyoro, inodzora kutsamwa.”
—Zvirevo 15:1.
Kumbira ruregerero. Kukumbira ruregerero nemhaka yekurwadzisa kana kuodza mwoyo kwawaita vabereki vako kana kuti kuvawanzira basa kunogona kuita kuti vaderedze chirango chavanga vachifanira kukupa. Asi kukukumbira kwacho ruregerero kunofanira kubva pamwoyo.
Bvuma kukohwa zvaunenge wadyara. Kubvuma kukohwa zvaunenge wadyara chiratidzo chokuti wakura. Chinhu chakanaka chaunenge wangosarirwa nacho kuita zvinhu zvinozoita kuti vabereki vako vatangezve kuvimba newe.
Yeuka kuti vabereki vako ndivo vane mutoro wokukupa mitemo. Ndokusaka Bhaibheri richitaura nezve“
murayiro wababa vako” uye “
mutemo waamai vako.”
Kana uchida kuti vabereki vako vakuwedzere rusununguko
Zviratidze nokugara kwako uchivateerera.
Edza kuteerera zvinobva pasi pemwoyo wako usingati zvokuzvimanikidza.


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Sei Uchifanira Kunyengetera Nomuzita raJesu?
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Tinofanira kunyengetera nomuzita raJesu nokuti iyi ndiyo nzira chete inobvumirwa naMwari kuti tikwanise kutaura naye. Jesu akati: “
Ndini nzira nechokwadi noupenyu. Hapana anouya kuna Baba asi nokwandiri.” (Johani 14:6) Jesu akaudzawo vaapostora vake vakatendeka kuti: “
Chokwadi, chokwadi ndinoti kwamuri, kana mukakumbira Baba chimwe chinhu vachakupai muzita rangu.”
Zvimwe zvikonzero zvinoita kuti tinyengetere muzita raJesu
Tinokudza Jesu naBaba vake, Jehovha Mwari.
—VaFiripi 2: 9-11.
Tinoratidza kuti tinoonga urongwa hwaMwari hwokuti Jesu akatifira kuti tiponeswe.
—Mateu 20: 28; Mabasa 4:12.
Tinobvuma kuti Jesu anoshanda semurevereri pakati pedu naMwari.
—VaHebheru 7:25.
Tinoremekedza basa raJesu soMupristi Mukuru uyo anogona kutibatsira kuti tive vakarurama pamberi paMwari.
—VaHebheru 4: 14-16.


text:
Chitendero izwi rinoshandiswa kududza tsika yevanhu yekunge vane wavanonamata kana chavanonamata samwari wavo. Kune zvitendero zvizhinji Pasirose zvinosanganisira:
- ChiKristu - ava vanhu vanonamata Mwari akasika denga nenyika vachitenda kuti akatuma mwanakomana wake Jesu Kristu pano panyika kuti ave chibayiro chokuregererwa kwezvivi zvavanhu.
- Islam - ava vanhu vanotenda kuna Allah wavanoti akatuma mutumwa wake anonzi Mahommed.
- ChiJudah - ichi chinamato cherudzi rwemaJudah vanotenda kuna Mwari akasika denga nenyika, iyeyu Mwari mumwechete neuyo anonamatwa nemaKristu asi maJudah havatendi kuna Jesu Kristu.


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Muyeramwaka
Muzvidzidzo zvinotevera: Taranyika; Jekanyika, nePimanzvimbo, Muyeramwaka, (Latitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paMuenzanisi zvichienda kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMuenzanisi.
Muyeramwaka inoverengwa ichibva paMuenzanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMuenzanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMuenzanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Zvizere zvinotsanangura kukosha kweMuyeramwaka zvinowanikwa pachinyorwa Mwaka yepaNyika.


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MAZANO OKUTI MHURI IFARE
Kuita Kuti Wanano Yechipiri Ibudirire
HERMAN: * “Mudzimai wangu wokutanga akafa nekenza uye takanga tava nemakore 34 takaroorana. Pandakaroorazve, mudzimai wangu Linda ainzwa sokuti ndaigara ndichimuenzanisa nomudzimai wangu wokutanga. Zvinhu zvaitozowedzera kushata nokuti shamwari dzangu dzaiwanzotaura nezveunhu hwakanaka hwaiva nemudzimai wangu wokutanga, uye izvi zvaigumbura Linda.”
LINDA: “Pashure pokunge taroorana naHerman, ndainzwa sokuti murume wangu nevamwewo vanhu vaisazombofa vakandikoshesa sezvavaiita mudzimai wake wokutanga. Aidiwa zvokuti, aitaura zvinyoro-nyoro, uye aiva neunhu hunoyemurika. Dzimwe nguva ndinombonetseka kana ndichazombokwanisa kunyatsowirirana naHerman sezvaaiita.”
Linda akarambana nemurume wake wokutanga. Iye naHerman vanofara kuti vakawanana. Asi vanobvuma kuti wanano yechipiri inogona kuunza zvipingamupinyi zvaisava muwanano yokutanga. *
Kana wakaroorazve kana kuroorwazve, unoona sei wanano yako yechipiri? Mudzimai anonzi Tamara uyo akaroorwazve makore matatu pashure pokurambana nemurume wake wokutanga anoti: “Paunoroorwa kekutanga, unenge uine pfungwa yokuti wanano yenyu ichagara nokusingaperi. Asi paunozoroorwa kechipiri, ungasafunga saizvozvo nokuti unogara uchiyeuka kuti wanano yako yokutanga yakaguma.”
Zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda vakawana mufaro chaiwo pashure pokuroorazve kana kuroorwazve. Vakaita kuti wanano yavo ibudirire, uye iwe unogonawo kubudirira! Sei? Ngationei matambudziko matatu anowanzova nevakawanda uye kuti mazano emuBhaibheri angakubatsira sei kuakunda. *
DAMBUDZIKO ROKUTANGA: UNOTAMBURIRA KUTI WANANO YAKO YOKUTANGA ISATADZISA WANANO YAKO ITSVA KUBUDIRIRA.
“Zvakandiomera kuti ndikanganwe nezvewanano yangu yokutanga, kunyanya patinoshanyira nzvimbo dzataimboshanyira tiri pazororo nemurume wangu wokutanga,” anodaro Ellen anogara kuSouth Africa. “Dzimwe nguva ndinopedzisira ndava kuenzanisa murume wandakaroorana naye iye zvino newandakanga ndakaroorana naye.” Ukuwo, kana wawakaroorana naye akambenge akaroora kana kuroorwa, ungasazvifarira kana achigara achitaura nezvewanano yake yokutanga.
ZVAUNGAITA: Yeuka kuti hazvina musoro kuti utarisire kuti wawakaroorana naye abve akanganwa nezvewaakanga akamboroorana naye, kunyanya kana vakanga vava nemakore varoorana. Vamwe vanhu vanotobvuma kuti vakatomboshevedza wavakaroorana naye iye zvino nezita rewavakanga vakaroorana naye pakutanga! Ungaita sei kana zvakadaro zvikaitika kana kuti zvimwewo zvakada kufanana? Bhaibheri rinopa zano rokuti, “Edzai kunzwisisana.”—1 Petro 3:8, New Century Version.
Usabva warambidza mumwe wako kuti asatombotaura nezvewanano yake yokutanga pamusana pokuti unomuitira shanje. Kana wawakaroorana naye achida kutaura nezvenguva yaaiva muwanano yake yokutanga, teerera uchiedza kunzwisisa manzwiro ake. Usakurumidzawo kufunga kuti ari kukuenzanisa newaakanga akaroorana naye. Ian uyo akaroorazve makore gumi akapfuura anoti, “Mudzimai wangu Kaitlyn akanga asingagumbuki pandaitaura nezvemudzimai wangu wokutanga akashaya. Asi aitouona semukana wokuti anyatsondiziva.” Unogona kutoona kuti kukurukurirana kwakadaro kuchakubatsira kuti uve neushamwari hwakasimba newawakaroorana naye iye zvino.
Nyanya kufunga nezveunhu hwakanaka hwewawakaroorana naye iye zvino. Ichokwadi kuti angasava nehumwe unhu kana kuti angasakwanisa kuita zvaiitwa newawakanga wakaroorana naye. Asi anewo zvimwe zvaanogona kupfuura wawakanga wakaroorana naye. Saka simbisa ukama hwako newawakaroorana naye iye zvino, uchinyanya kufunga zvinoita kuti umude pane ‘kumuenzanisa nomumwe munhu.’ (VaGaratiya 6:4) Murume anonzi Edmond uyo akaroora kaviri anoti, “Hapana ushamwari huviri hwakafanana, saka hapanawo wanano mbiri dzakafanana.”
Ungava sei pakati nepakati paunenge uchifunga nezvewanano yako yekare newanano yako itsva? Jared anoti, “Ndakambotsanangurira mudzimai wangu kuti wanano yangu yokutanga yakafanana nebhuku rakanaka ratakanyora, ini nemudzimai wangu wokutanga. Ndinogona kumbopota ndichivhura bhuku racho ndichifunga nezvenguva dzakanaka dzataiva nadzo. Asi handirarami mubhuku iroro. Zvisinei, ini nemudzimai wangu tiri kunyora bhuku redu pamwe chete, uye ndimo mandava kurarama ndichifara.”
EDZA IZVI: Bvunza wawakaroorana naye kana asinganzwi zvakanaka paunotaura nezvewanano yako yokutanga. Ziva nguva dzisinganyatsoiti kuti utaure nezvewanano yako yokutanga.
DAMBUDZIKO RECHIPIRI: UNONETSEKA KUTI UWIRIRANE NESHAMWARI DZEKARE DZISINA KUJAIRANA NEWAWAKAROORANA NAYE IYE ZVINO.
Javier uyo akaroorazve pashure pemakore matanhatu arambana nemudzimai wake wokutanga anoti, “Mudzimai wangu akamboita nguva achiona sokuti dzimwe shamwari dzangu dzaimuongorora.” Murume anonzi Leo akatarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Anoti, “Vamwe vanhu vaiudza mudzimai wangu ndiripo nezvekuda uye kusuwa kwavaiita murume wake wokutanga!”
ZVAUNGAITA: Edza kuona zvinhu semaonero anoita shamwari dzako. Ian ambotaurwa nezvake anoti, “Ndinofunga kuti shamwari dzekare dzinorwadziwa nokushamwaridzana nemumwe chete anenge asara pamhuri yavaimboshamwaridzana nayo.” Saka iva ‘anonzwisisa, uchiratidza unyoro kuvanhu vose.’ (Tito 3:2) Ipa shamwari nemhuri yako nguva yokuti vajaire mamiriro ezvinhu matsva. Sezvo wanano yako yachinja, shamwari dzako dzinogona kuchinjawo. Javier ambotaurwa nezvake anoti nokufamba kwenguva, iye nemudzimai wake vakakwanisa kushamwaridzanazve neshamwari dzavo dzekare. Anowedzera kuti, “Asi tinoedzawo kuva nedzimwe shamwari tiri tose, uye izvozvo zvinotibatsira.”
Funga kuti mumwe wako anonzwa sei paunenge uine shamwari dzako dzekare. Somuenzaniso, kana mukatanga kutaura nezvewawakanga wakaroorana naye, chenjerera matauriro aunoita kuitira kuti wawakaroorana naye asaona sokuti haasi kukosheswa. Chimwe chirevo cheBhaibheri chinoti, “Kana munhu akataura mashoko asina kufunga, mashoko acho anogona kurwadza sezvinoita bakatwa. Asi munhu akangwara anochenjerera zvaanotaura. Mashoko ake anogona kuporesa marwadzo acho.”—Zvirevo 12:18, Holy Bible—Easy-to-Read Version.
EDZA IZVI: Funga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu angazoita kuti iwe kana kuti mumwe wako asanzwa zvakanaka. Garai mataurirana kuti muchapindura sei mibvunzo ingazomutswa kana kuti zvimwe zvingazotaurwa neshamwari dzenyu nezvewanano yako yekutanga.
DAMBUDZIKO RECHITATU: UNOTADZA KUVIMBA NEWAWAKAROORANA NAYE NOKUTI WAWAKANGA WAKAROORANA NAYE AKANGA ASINA KUVIMBIKA.
“Ndaigara ndichitya kuti ndingazorasiswa zvekare,” anodaro Andrew, uyo akarambwa nemukadzi wake wokutanga. Akazoroora mudzimai waainaye iye zvino anonzi Riley. “Ndaigara ndichishushikana kuti ndaizokwanisa here kuva murume akanaka sezvainge zvakaita murume waRiley wokutanga. Ndainetsekawo kuti zvimwe achafunga kuti handisi murume akanaka obva andisiya.”
EDZA IZVI: Udza mumwe wako zvinokunetsa. “Pasina kurangana, zvirongwa hazvibudiriri,” rinodaro Bhaibheri. (Zvirevo 15:22) Kurangana kana kuti kutaurirana kwakabatsira Andrew naRiley kuti vavimbane. “Ndakaudza Riley kuti ndaisazombofa ndakafunga kuti kurambana ndiwo mushonga woku- pedza matambudziko edu uye Riley akandivimbisawo izvozvo,” anodaro Andrew. Anotiwo, “Ndakasvika pakunyatsovimba naye zvishoma nezvishoma.”
Kana wawakaroorana naye iye zvino akamborasiswa muwanano yake yokutanga, ita zvose zvaunogona kuti avimbe newe. Somuenzaniso, Michel naSabine, avo vakarambana nevavakanga vakaroorana navo pakutanga, vakawirirana kuti vaizoudzana kana mumwe wavo akawadzana newaainge akamboroorana naye. “Izvi zvakaita kuti tisava nechekutyira,” anodaro Sabine.—VaEfeso 4:25.
EDZA IZVI: Ziva pokugumira paunenge uchikurukura nemunhurume kana kuti munhukadzi, pangava parunhare kana kuti paIndaneti.
Wanano dzakawanda dzechipiri dzakabudirira uye ndizvowo zvinogona kuita yako. Pamusoro pazvo, iye zvino wava kunyatsoziva kuti uri munhu akaita sei kana zvichienzaniswa nepawakatanga kupinda muwanano. Andrew ambotaurwa nezvake anoti, “Iye zvino ndiri kufara zvisingatauriki muwanano yangu naRiley. Pashure pemakore 13 tiri muwanano, tava neukama hwepedyo zvikuru, hwatisingambodi kuti huparare.”
^ ndima 3 Mazita akachinjwa.
^ ndima 5 Zvechokwadi, rufu uye kurambana zvinogumisa wanano nenzira dzakatosiyana. Nyaya ino yakanyorerwa kubatsira munhu akafirwa kana kuti akarambana newaakanga akaroorana naye kuti abudirire muwanano yake yechipiri.
^ ndima 7 Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko nezvezvipingamupinyi pakuchengeta vana vokurera, ona nyaya dzinotevedzana dzinoti, “Mazano Anobatsira Mhuri Dzokurera” dziri muMukai! yaJuly-September 2012, yakabudiswa neZvapupu zvaJehovha.
ZVIBVUNZE KUTI . . .
Ndehupi humwe unhu hwakanaka hune mumwe wangu hwakasiyana nehwewandakanga ndakaroorana naye hwandinonyanya kukoshesa?
Kana nyaya yewanano yangu yokutanga ikapinda mudariro, ndichaitei zvichaita kuti mumwe wangu anzwe achikosheswa?


text:
Chitofu (mugodhi)
Muhushangazhi hwemugodhi, chitofu (Ore kuEnglish) izwi rinoreva matombo ane simbi kana chimwe chicherwa chakakosha chiri kutsvakwa chiri kuchererwa mugodhi wacho.
Chitofu chinokwanisa kunge chiine ndarama, mhangura, nickel, platinum kana ipi zvayo simbi iri kutsvakwa nevacheri vemigodhi. Pamigodhi mizhinji chitofu chinowanikwa chiine simbi dzine ukoshi mbiri kana nhatu.
- Somuenzaniso, muZimbabwe migodhi inocherwa ndarama inowanza kunge ichiwanikwawo jena.
- Migodhi inowanikwa platinum inowanza kuwanikwawo simbi dzinoti: palladium; ruthenium; rhodium; ndarama uye jena.
- Sarudzo yokuti mugodhi unodaidzwa kunzi unochera simbi ipi inotevedza kuti ndeipi simbi yakakosha zvakanyanya pakuunza mari pamugodhi iwoyo. Simbi inowanikwa nehuremu hushoma inokwanisa kunge iriyo iri kuunza mari yakawanda kuburikidza nemutengo wainotengwa nayo. Somuenzaniso migodhi inocherwa platinum muZimbabwe inowana nickel ine huremu hwakawanda kudarika platinum yacho. Nokuda kwekuti platinum ine mutengo wepamusoro, mugodhi unodanwa nezita rokuti Platinum Mine.
Panocherwa mugodhi panobudawo mamwe matombo asina simbi yakakosha; nguva zhinji matombo aya anoburitswa kuti nzira dzinosvika kune dombo rine mari dzitambanuke. Matombo asina mari anodanwa kunzi mambara. Vavariro yevanochera mugodhi ndeyekuti: dombo risina mari rive ndiro shoma; dombo risina mari ritsaurwe kubva pane rine mari; dombo rine mari rikororwe (extraction) napose panogonekwa nenzira dzisina njodzi kuvanhu, mugodhi kana michina.