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Malawi
Malawi nyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe iri kuChamhembe kwakadziva kuMabvazuva kweAfrica uye yaichimbodanwa kunzi Nyasaland. Nyika dzakaikomberedza ndedzinoti: Zambia iri kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMadokero; Tanzania iri kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMabvazuva; neMozambique iribata kumabvazuva, kuchamhembe nekumadokero. Nharaunda yeMalawi inodarika 118,000 skweya dzekiromita iyo nyika ine hugari hwevanhu 16,777,547 (2013). Gutaguru reMalawi rinonzi Lilongwe; repiri pakukura rinonzi Blantyre rechitatu Mzuzu. Zita rokuti Malawi rinobva pashoko rokuti Maravi iro raiva zita revanhu vechiNyanja vakagara munyika iyi. Mamwe makomo makuru arimo anonzi Mlanje. Munyika umu munorimwa tii.


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Ethiopia
Ethiopia inyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe inowanikwa muDunhu reNyanga yeAfrica. Ethiopia yakaganhurana nenyika dzinoti: Eritrea iri kumaodzanyemba nemaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva; Djibouti ne Somalia kumabvazuva; Sudan neSouth Sudan kumadokero neKenya kuchamhembe. Kuchienzaniswa nyika dzakakomberedzwa nedzimwe, Ethiopia ine vagari mamiriioni 93 ndiyo iri pakutanga pahuwandu hwevagari Pasirose, uye ndiyo yechipiri muAfrica pahuwandu hwehugari hwevanhu. Nharaunda yeEthiopia yakakura maskweya ekiromita 1,100,000; gutaguru remo rinonzi Addis Ababa.

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Charaka
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, charaka (Cone) izwi rinoreva chiumbwa chine uso huviri; humwe uso huri hwaro hwedenderedzwa huri pamutsendo, uso hwepiri huri uso hunopfirira hwaro kusvika pachisuvi (apex). Nguva zhinji chisuvi chinenge chakaita mutwi negoko (centre) redenderedzwa riri pauso hunova hwaro.
Shoko reShona rokuti charaka rinotodzana necharaka chinowanikwa paduwo rinoteyeswa hove chine kuumbwa kweiya inonzi "cone kuEnglish". Hove inopinda nekwakapamhama, yave mukati charaka chakamanika zvokuti hove inotadza kubuda.
Charaka chinoumbwa kana tikatenderedza gonyonhatu yemutwi pahwaro hwayo, ichiita monerapo padivi rakarurama pahwaro.
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
Kare kare varimi vaivaka dununu rokuchengetera chibage chinege chakororwa. Dununu raitaridzika sedenga rekicheni yekumaruwa rakasunamiswa chisuvi chichiva pasi - uku ndiko kuumbwa kwecharaka.


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Shumba
Shumba (Lion in English) imhuka iri pamupanda wekatsi inowanikwa kumatunhu ari kuAfrica neAsia. Shumba inokura kusvika 250 kg; inoverengwa seimwe yemhuka dzine huwandu huri huderera kunyanya munzvimbo dziri kuMadokero eAfrica. Kutambanuka kuri kuita nzvimbo dzinogarwa nevanhu ndicho chimwe chikonzero chiri kuita huwandu hweshumba huderere. Varimi vane mhuka dzavo havafare kana zvipfuyo izvi zvichidyiwa neshumba.
Contents
Magariro[chinja | edit source]
Shumba dzinorarama makore gumi kusvika gumi nemana (10-14) kana dziri musango. Kana dzakatenherwa dzinorarama makore akati rebeyi anganosvika makumi maviri (20). Shumba hono hadzirarame makore anopfuura gumi kana dziri musango nokuda kwekurwa kwadzinogaro ita dzichitanda nzvari.
Shumba dzinowanikwa mumakura eSavanna asina miti yakawanda, asi dzimwe nguva dzinopinda murimuka mumasango makuru. Mhuka idzi dzinogara mumatanga anenge aine nzvari dzine ukama, vana veshumba, nehono shomane. Vanotarira shumba vanoti hadzinyanye kuvhima vanhu.
Kuvhima[chinja | edit source]
Zvinotora danga reshumba kuti dziwise mukono wenyati; kana nepo shumba dzinozowisa mukono uwu dzatombotambura nokutungwa dzichidzinganiswa nenyati. Mapere zvakare anoita chivindi chokudzinga shumba kuva panyama zvikurusei kana mapere auya ari danga rakakura. Bere kamhuka kadiki asi kana achinge awanda anorura zvokushayisa shumba mufaro panyama.
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
Shumba imhuka inotyiwa nevazhinji; matehwe eshumba aipiwa kuvatongi vakuru kuratidza kuremekedzwa nehukuru hwavo. Munzvimbo zhinji mune zvifananidzo zveshumba zvinoratidza kuremekedzwa kwemhuka iyi.
MuZimbabwe kuState House kunogara President Robert Gabriel Mugabe kune zvifananidzo zveshumba zviviri. Pamatumba akavigirwa madzimambo ekuEgypt pane chifananidzo chine musoro wemunhu nemuviri weshumba chinonzi Sphinx. Chiumbwa ichi chiri pedyo nedumba riri paGiza, Egypt. Muguta guru reHarare panze peMeikles Hotel pane zvifananidzo zveshumba zvakare.
Tsumo[chinja | edit source]
- Kana shumba ikashaya nyama inodya uswa.


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Misangano Yedu Yeungano
Ziva zvakawanda nezvemisangano yedu. Tsvaka nzvimbo iri pedyo newe inoitirwa misangano.
Misangano Yedu Inoitwa Sei?
Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoungana kuti zvinamate kaviri pavhiki. (VaHebheru 10:
Pamisangano yedu, vateereri vanowana mikana yokutaurawo, sezvinoitwa mukirasi. Misangano inotangwa uye inogumiswa nerwiyo uye munyengetero.
Hazvirevi kuti unofanira kutanga wava mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha kuti uzopinda misangano yedu. Tinokoka munhu wose anoda. Munhu unogara pawada uye haubhadhari. Hapana ndiro yemari inofambiswa.
Chirangaridzo Chorufu rwaJesu
Tinoungana kamwe chete pagore munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana pasi rose tichiyeuka kufa kwaJesu.
Tinozviita nokuti akarayira vateveri vake kuti: “Rambai muchiita izvi muchindiyeuka.” (Ruka 22: Gore rinouya Chirangaridzo chichaitwa musi weMuvhuro 14 April, 2014. Tinokukoka kuti uzouyawo pachiitiko ichi chinokosha. Munhu wose akasununguka kuuya sezvakangoita mimwe misangano yedu yose. Munhu unogara pawada pasina mari yaunobhadhara uye hakuna ndiro yemari inofambiswa.


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Kurima neMombe
Zvinodiwa pakurima nemombe[chinja | edit source]
Joko (yoke) - iri idanda rakavezwa rikakwenenzverwa rinoturikwa pamutsipa wemombe kuti dzive dzinokwanisa kuzvuva gejo. Kumativi maviri kunoperera Joki kune nzvimbo mbiri dzine zvikeyi panova panoboperwa mombe kuti joki risimbe mutsipa wembombe usasiyana nejoki. Zvikeyi zvakagadzirwa nemapuranga maviri anopinzirwa akarurama pajoki akataramukana nhambwe inosvika 30-32centimetre Zvikeyi zvakapamhamha kuita 4-5 centimetre uye zvine nzvimbo dzakachekwa apo panoboperwa zvitorobho. Nzvimbo dzokubopera zvitobho dzinokwanisa kuva mbiri kana nhatu pachikeyi chimwe kuitira kuti tikwanise kubopa mombe dzine mitispa yakakura zvakasiyana.
Gejo - iri ndiro badza resimbi rinokwehwa nemombe richitiginura pasi nokupindura ivhu.
Tyava (whip) chinorukwa netambo dzerwodzi runosvuurwa kubva pamiti yakaita semupfuti, musasa, munhondo zvichingodaro. Tyava chinokwanisa kurukwa netambo nhatu (gurumbindo) kana ina (mhumburu).
Mombe - nguva zhinji mhando yemombe inoshandiswa inenge iri, dhonza kana kuti ngavi. Idzi dzinenge dziri mombe hono dzakatenhwa kuti dzisabereka, izvi zvichibatsirawo kuti dzive mombe dzakapfava kana zvichienzaniswa nemabhuru kana kuti handira. Vamwewo vanoshandisa mombe nzvari, matsiru nemhou pakurima; izvi zvinoitwa kunyanya pasina ngavi mudanga. Mombe yasvika pazera rokuti ichitanga kupingudzwa inonzi jong'osi.
Kupingudza (training or breaking an oxen) - iri izwi rinoreva kudzidzisa mombe isina kumbobvira yakabopwa kuti igone kutevera zvinodiwa nemukokeri ari kushanda nayo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuti: mombe ive inopfava painosungwa tambo ichinobopwa pajoko, kutevera mashoko anotaurwa nemukokeri sokuti mombe idzoke shure kana mukokeri adaro. Mombe dzinobopwa dzinopingudzwa kusvika pamatanho akasiyana zvichienderana neari kupingudza.
Tambo - dzinosiyana zvichibva nokuti munhu awana pakadii. Kune tambo: dzakarukwa nerwodzi; tambo dzedehwe rakasukwa rakaomeswa; tambo dzeshinda yakasimba zvichingodaro.
Mukokeri uyu munhu anotungamira mombe achiita kuti dzifambe nenzira yekuri kuitwa basa racho. Mombe kana dzapingudzwa dzinokwanisa kusvika padanho rokuti panenge pasisadiwe mukokeri zvikurusei pamabasa ari nyore sekurima negejo.
Mutyairi - uyu ndiye munhu anenge ari kukarira mombe kuti dzishande nesimba imwe nguva achirova mombe netyava kuti dzifambise dzisakorondoke. Munhu mumwe ari pagejo anogona kuva mutyairi panguva imwe chete zvichienderana nokuti mombe dzakapingudzwa dzikaziva basa zvakadini uye kuti iye akabata gejo anobata basa zvakadii ari ega.


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Niger
Niger nyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe iri kumadokero kweAfrica inotodza zita kubva paRwizi Niger. Nyika dzakakomberedza Niger dzinoti: Nigeria neBenin kuchamhembe; Burkina Faso neMali kumadokero; Algeria neLibya kumaodzanyemba neChad kumabvazuva. Niger ine nharaunda yakakura mamiriyoni 1.27 eskweya rekiromita, asi zvikamu makumi manomwe pazana (80%) yenharaunda yayo iri muGwenga reSahara. Nyika iyi ine hugari hwevanhu 17,129,076 ruzhinji rwavo vari maMuslim vakawandira kuchamhembe nekumadokero kwenyika iyi. Gutaguru reNiger rinonzi Niamey rinowanikwa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwenyika iyi.


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Sei Jesu Achinzi Mwanakomana waMwari?
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Mwari haana mudzimai uyo watingati akaita naye vana. Asi ndiye akasika zvinhu zvose zvinorarama. (Zvakazarurwa 4:
mwanakomana waMwari.” (Ruka 3:
Mwanakomana waMwari.”
Mwari akatanga kusika Jesu asati asika Adhamu. Achitaura nezvaJesu, muapostora Pauro akanyora kuti: “
Mufananidzo waMwari asingaoneki, dangwe rezvisikwa zvose.” (VaKorose 1:
panguva yokutangatanga, pamazuva enguva isingagumi.” (Mika 5:2) SeMwanakomana waMwari wedangwe, Jesu akararama ari ngirozi kudenga asati auya pasi pano kuti ararame semunhu. Jesu pachake akati: ‘
Ndakaburuka ndichibva kudenga.’


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Huduma
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, huduma (density) izwi rinoreva huremu huchipimwa paumwe hwemumhu hwechiumbwa chiri kutaurwa nezvacho. Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine huduma hwakasiyana. Iko kusiyana kwehuduma kunoita kuti zvimwe zvinhu zviyangarare pamusoro pemvura zvimwe zvichinyura. Somuenzaniso, mvura nematombo zvine huduma hwakasiyana; mvura ine huduma hwe 1 gram/cubic metre, matombo ane huduma hungaita 2.5-5.5 gram/cubic metre.
Iri zita rapiwa richitoredzera pashoko rokuti guduma, rinove sango rine miti yakabatana zvakanyanya. Zvakanaka kuti tinge tichimutsurudza mazwi asingashandiswe mazuva ose tichiashandisa kutaura zvinhu zvatinowona mazuvano zvinoda kufanana nezvaireva mazwi aya kare.


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Zambia (nyika)
Zambia inyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe iri kumaodzanyemba kweZimbabwe uye iri muAfrica. Nyika iyi ine muganhu neMozambique, Zimbabwe, Angola, Malawi neNamibia. Guta guru reZambia rinonzi Lusaka. Zambia ine miganhu nenyika dzinoti Zimbabwe, Malawi neMozambique. Mutungamiri wenyika iyi ndiva Michael Sata. Nyika iyi ine vanhu vanosvika mazana anosvika zviuru zvishanu. munyika umu munotaurwa mitauro inosanganisira Nyanja, Tonga, Kalanga, Bemba, Kaonde neLuvale.
Mureza weZambia une mufananidzo weshiri inonzi hungwe.


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Zizi
Zizi (owl in English) ishiri inowanikwa kuzviwumbe zvose kunze kweAntarctica; zizi rinowanikwa mumarudzi mazana maviri (200). Zizi rinoverengwa sechikara chinodya dzimwe mhuka. Mazizi anodya tupembenene; dzimwe shiri uye mhuka ndiki dzepamupanda wedzinoyamwisa. Zizi kazhinji rinogara rega uye rinofamba husiku.
Chimiro cheZizi[chinja | edit source]
Mazizi ane maziso mahombe ari pamaberi pechiso kwete kumativi emusoro sedzimwe shiri dzinovhima. Maziso ezizi hakafamba saka rinofanira kutenderedza musoro wese kana roda kuona nerumwe rudzivo. Zizi rinozivikanwa nokugona kumonyorora mutsipa negonya rinokwana kusvika 270o kurudyi nekuruboshwe.
Zizi rine maziso anoona zviri kure asi harikwanise kunatsa kuoona zviri pedyo macentimteres mashoma kubava pariri. Saka kana rodya rinoshandisa mukushe ari pamuromo waro kutsvaka kuti chikafu chariri kudya chiri papi chamira sei. Asi maziso aro anowona kure anobatsira zvakanyanya parinovhima husiku.
Tsumo[chinja | edit source]
- Zizi kurungwa munyu roti, "Ndava hukuwo"


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Simba reNhekairo
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Simba reNhekairo (kinetic energy in English) zvinoreva simba rinokonzera mitumbi kufamba kana kuti simba riri kukonzera mutumbi kufamba.
Simba reNhekairo rinometsurwa neenzane inotevera:
Simba reNhekairo = (m x v2)/2
Kupiwa Kwezita[chinja | edit source]
Shoko rokuti kutekaira rinoreva kufamba kumutauro wechiBudya chinotaurwa kwaMutoko. Saka shoko rokuti nhekairo ndiro riri kuturikirwa pano kureva motion or movement kuEnglish.
- Kana rhekeni yatakura dombo pachikumbha igochitatamurwa inenge yave nesimba rechakunga. Paya pokuti dombo raradanurwa , simba rechakungariri parhekeni rinoshanduka kuva simba renhekairo.


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Rupfuturanegetsi
Rupfuturanegetsi (Electrolysis in English) chiitiko chinoshandiswa kupfutura maAyoni akabatana kuti apatsanurwe kuchishandiswa magetsi. Apa maAyoni anenge ari mumunyungu unopereka magetsi unonzi. Chiitiko ichi chinoshandiswa paSable Chemicals kuKwekwe apo vanoshandisa magetsi kupatsanura oxygen ne hydrogen anova magasi anogadzira mvura.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
Zvakanaka kuti tipe mashoko anorerutsa kuzotaura zvidzidzo izvi tichipfuurira mberi.
- Oxygen can be obtained by electrolysis of water - pakuturikira toti Oxygen inowanikwa panoitwa rupfuturanegetsi rwemvura.
- Electrolytic solution yokuturikirwa kunzi munyungu wemupfutukanegetsi.
- Electrowinning inenge yonzi
- Electrorefining inenge yonzi runatsanegetsi; electrorefiner yonzi munatsanegetsi.


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Mupunga
Mupunga (rice in English) idzinde rinenge sora rinorimwa richiita mbeu inodyiwa Pasirose.
Mupunga ndiko kudya kukuru kunzvimbo dzinoti: West Indies; Middle East; East Asia; Southeast Asia neSouth Asia. Mupunga ndiyo mbeu yepiri pahuwandu hwekukohwewa Pasirose cihitevera chibage. Asi nokuti chibage chinoshandiswa mune zvimwe zvisiri kudyiwa nevanhu, mupunga ndiyo unosara watungamira pakuva chikafu chevanhu.
Kurimwa kwemupunga kwakanakira nzvimbo dzinowanikwa vashandi nemuripo uri pasi nokuti mupunga une basa rakawanda. Mupunga unoda nzvimbo dzinonaya mvura yakawanda nokuti unokura muznvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda. Mupunga ndiwo rimwe remadzinde akagara ari muAfrica kubvira pasichigare.


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Kundengenyeka kwenyika
Kundengenyeka kwenyika (earthquake) chiitiko chekuti nyika inondengenyeka ichizunguzika pasi pachifamba.
- Nyika yatigere yakawumbwa nehwendefa dzemabwe dzakawarikwa dzichivhara matunhu Pasirose. Hwendefa idzi dzine mitswe nehwangwadza pakati padzo.
- Hwendefa idzi dzigere pamusoro pemabwe anokwata nekupisa. Hujoto hunosiyana munzvimbo dziri pamatunhu akasiyana; nokudaro hwendefa idzi dzinotambanuka kana hujoto hwakwira nokudzoka kana hwaderera.
- Mukufamba uku imwe nguva dzinokwesherana dzichitsvedza zviri nyore; imwe nguva dzinokochekerana dzoita mangange poshaya hwendefa inofamba. Zvadai fosi inosunda hwendefa idzi inoramba ichikwira padzinenge dzakarumana kudaro.
- Panozosvikwa nguva yekuti nzvimbo dzakabatana hadzichagona dzakurirwa nefosi iri kusunda. Ipapo hwendefa dzinopfutunuka dzotsukunyuka dzichibandana, kupetana nokukonzera kundengenyeka kwenyika. Panguva imwe cheteyo mabwe akanyauka ari pasi pehwendefa idzi anokwanisa kusimuka achiwana mukana wazaruka pamitswe inenge yawedzera kushama. Mabota emabwe aya anozotubuka panyika achive chikwatamabwe.
Nhoroondo[chinja | edit source]
Mugore ra2011 mumwedzi waMarch nyika yeJapan yakaita kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasumudza mvura kubva mugungwa ikaita mafashama padunhu. Chiitiko ichi chakaparadza zvivakwa zvizhinji nehupenyu hwevanhu.
KuChamhembe kweAfrica kundengenyeka kwenyika kushoma; mugore ra2001 South Africa, Botswana neZimbabwe dzakanzwawo kundengenyeka kwenyika asi hapana zvivakwa zvakaparadzwa. Padambudziko iri musiki wakati ropafadza mudunhu reAfrica.


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Kusamhura
Muchidzidzo masvomhu shoko rokuti kusamhura (calculating, doing the maths in English) rinoreva kushanda nenhamba kuti pawanikwe mhinduro inobva munhamba idzodzo. Vamwe vatauri vanoti kusvomhura kana kusamhura.
Mabasa anoitwa pakusamhura anosanganisira : kuwedzanisa, kubvisa, kuunga, kuradanura, kugovanisa zvichingodaro.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
- Calculate the following inenge yonzi, samhura zvinotevera kana kuti svomhura zvinotevera.
- Calculator inenge yonzi chisamhuri.
- Calculation inenge yonzi samhuro.
Nhoroondo[chinja | edit source]
Zvakakosha kuti tionesane kwakabva shoko reEnglish rinoreva zvimwe nerekuti kusamhura. Shoko rekuti calculate rakabva kuna calculus shoko reLatin rinoreva, pebble. Aya aiva matombo aishandiswa pakuverenga. Saka vaiti kana vaita masvomhu avo nematombo vaitenge vaita calculation. Nhasiwo zvakanaka kuti isu vatauri veShona titi kusamhura tichireva iko kuita masvomhu acho nenhamba dzawo.


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Reunion.com > Jeannie Kuchera - Frederick Kuri > Kris Kunz - Rosie Kunz
Classmates from Kris Kunz to Rosie Kunz
Kris Kunz Krista Kunz Kristen Kunz Kristi Kunz Kristie Kunz Kristin Kunz Kristina Kunz Kristine Kunz Kristopher Kunz Kristy Kunz Krystal Kunz Kurt Kunz Kurtis Kunz Kyle Kunz Kyren Kunz Lana Kunz Lance Kunz Landon Kunz Lara Kunz Larae Kunz Larissa Kunz Larry Kunz Laura Kunz Lauree Kunz Lauren Kunz Laurence Kunz Laurie Kunz Lawrence Kunz Leah Kunz Leann Kunz Leanne Kunz Lee Kunz Lee Ann Kunz Leo Kunz Leonard Kunz Leonora Kunz Leroy Kunz Leslea Kunz Leslie Kunz Lexi Kunz Lia Kunz Lidia Kunz Lillian Kunz Lina Kunz Linda Kunz Lindsay Kunz Lindsey Kunz Lisa Kunz Liza Kunz Logan Kunz Lois Kunz Lon Kunz Loni Kunz Lonnie Kunz Lora Kunz Lorelei Kunz Loren Kunz Loretta Kunz Lori Kunz Lorna Kunz Lorraine Kunz Lorrie Kunz Louis Kunz Luanne Kunz Lucas Kunz Lucia Kunz Lucille Kunz Lucinda Kunz Luke Kunz Luz Kunz Lydia Kunz Lyle Kunz Lynda Kunz Lyndsey Kunz Lynette Kunz Lynn Kunz Lynne Kunz Maggie Kunz Majesta Kunz Mandy Kunz Manfred Kunz Marcel Kunz Marcia Kunz Marcus Kunz Margaret Kunz Margie Kunz Margo Kunz Margot Kunz Maria Kunz Marian Kunz Marianne Kunz Marie Kunz Marilyn Kunz Marina Kunz Marion Kunz Marisa Kunz Marissa Kunz Marjorie Kunz Mark Kunz Markus Kunz Marla Kunz Marlene Kunz Marlon Kunz Marsha Kunz Marshall Kunz Martha Kunz Martin Kunz Marty Kunz Marvin Kunz Mary Kunz Maryann Kunz Marylyn Kunz Mathew Kunz Matt Kunz Matthew Kunz Maura Kunz Maureen Kunz Max Kunz Maxine Kunz Maxwell Kunz Megan Kunz Meghan Kunz Mei-ling Kunz Meinhardt Kunz Melanie Kunz Melinda Kunz Melissa Kunz Melodie Kunz Melvin Kunz Meredith Kunz Merle Kunz Merlin Kunz Michael Kunz Michel Kunz Michele Kunz Michelle Kunz Mike Kunz Mildred Kunz Mindy Kunz Miranda Kunz Mitchell Kunz Molly Kunz Mom Kunz Monica Kunz Monika Kunz Monique Kunz Morgan Kunz Morris Kunz Muriel Kunz Myles Kunz Nadia Kunz Nadine Kunz Nancie Kunz Nancy Kunz Nanette Kunz Naomi Kunz Natalie Kunz Natasha Kunz Nathan Kunz Neil Kunz Nellie Kunz Nicholas Kunz Nichole Kunz Nick Kunz Nicki Kunz Nicole Kunz Nikki Kunz Nina Kunz Nora Kunz Norbert Kunz Norlito Kunz Norma Kunz Norman Kunz Olive Kunz Olivia Kunz Opal Kunz Oscar Kunz Otto Kunz Pam Kunz Pamela Kunz Pat Kunz Patricia Kunz Patrick Kunz Patsy Kunz Patty Kunz Paul Kunz Paula Kunz Pauline Kunz Peggy Kunz Penelope Kunz Penny Kunz Pete Kunz Peter Kunz Philip Kunz Philipp Kunz Phillip Kunz Phyllis Kunz Portia Kunz Preston Kunz Quinten Kunz Rachel Kunz Raelynne Kunz Rainer Kunz Ralph Kunz Ramon Kunz Randall Kunz Randi Kunz Randy Kunz Ray Kunz Raymond Kunz Rebecca Kunz Rebekah Kunz Reed Kunz Renee Kunz Revital Kunz Rex Kunz Rhonda Kunz Rhonde Kunz Rich Kunz Richard Kunz Rick Kunz Ricki Kunz Ricky Kunz Risa Kunz Rise Kunz Rita Kunz Rob Kunz Robb Kunz Robert Kunz Roberta Kunz Roberto Kunz Robin Kunz Robyn Kunz Roderick Kunz Rodney Kunz Roger Kunz Roland Kunz Ron Kunz Ronald Kunz Ronda Kunz Ronnie Kunz Rory Kunz Rosa Kunz Rosalie Kunz Rosanne Kunz Rose Kunz Roselyne Kunz Rosemarie Kunz Rosemary Kunz Rosie Kunz


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Mari
Mari (money in English) inzira yekupima nayo hukoshi hwezvinhu zvinotengeseranwa zvinosanganisira, nhumbi, mhuka, mudziyo, basa, hushumiri nezvimwewo zvinotengwa nemuripo wemari. Makaerkare vanhu vaitengeserana vachipanana zvinhu zvacho chaizvo zvinodiwa, sokuti aive nechibage aikwanisa kuripa vamushandira kumunda nechibage chakare.
Nokufamba kwenguva vanhu vakatanga kutenga nemari yaigadzirwa nesimbi kana nezvimwe zvishongo zvaikosheswa panguva iyoyo. apkushanda kwemari, chinhu chinopiwa hukoshi hunoenderana nehuremu uye basa rakashandwa kuti chinhu ichi chivepo. Mutengo unotarwawo zvichienderana nekuti chinhu ichi chinowanikwa kana kushayika zvakadii.
Mamwe Mazita emari ndiwo anoti: mbong'o, shagi, mashereni.
Kubatwa nekurongwa kwemashandisirwo emari kunonzi Muduso - muZimbabwe Tendai Biti ndiye gurukota rinowona nezveMuduso - inonzi Finance kuEnglish.


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Gonhi
Gonhi (door) zvinoreva chivakwa chinoshandiswa kuvhara mukova. Kazhinji gonhi rinogadzirwa nemapuranga akavezwa, asiwo rinokwanisa kugadzirwa nesimbi, kana plastic yakasimba.
Mamwe mazita anodavidzwa ndiwo anoti, sasa, dhowo kan kuti dimba kuchiManyika.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
- Mbudo (Exit) igonhi rinoshandiswa kubuda naro panzvimbo.
- Mbindo (Entrance) igonhi rinoshandiswa kupinda naro panzvimbo.
- Mbudo Panjodzi (Emergency Exit) igonhi kana nzira inoshandiswa kubuda panguva yokunge munhu atarisana nenjodzi.


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Tsika yekurava nhamba
Tsika yekurava nhamba (numeral system in English) zvinoreva mitowo unoshandiswa pamanyorerwo nemaverengerwo anoitwa nhamba kuti dzive dzakarongeka dzinonzwisiswa nevanhu vose vanoda kudzishandisa. Tsika inoshandiswa kunyora nekuverenga nhamba inotevedza nzira yatingati muravanegumi (decimal system). Izvi zvinoreva kuti nzira yokuverenga inoshandisa gumi sehwaro yoramba ichiwumba huwandu zvichienderana nemakumi. Nhamba dzose dzinoverengwa dzichifananidzwa negumi kana kuti zvitsama zvegumi sezvizvi:
- Kana pachiverengwa, nhamba inotevera gumi (10) inozova gumi nerimwe (11), kwouya gumi nembiri (12), gumi nenhatu (13), gumi nemana (14), zvichingodaro.
- Zvimwechetezvo kana pakwana makumi maviri (20) kunenge kwotevera, makumi maviri nerimwe (21), makumi maviri nembiri (22), makumi maviri nenhatu, zvichingoenda zvakadaro.


text: iipfwedu, ippfwedu, ipffwedu, pifwedu, ifpwedu, upfwedu, uipfwedu, iupfwedu, jpfwedu, jipfwedu, ijpfwedu, kpfwedu, kipfwedu, ikpfwedu, opfwedu, oipfwedu, iopfwedu, 9pfwedu, 9ipfwedu, i9pfwedu, 8pfwedu, 8ipfwedu, i8pfwedu, iofwedu, iopfwedu, ipofwedu, ilfwedu, ilpfwedu, iplfwedu, i0fwedu, i0pfwedu, ip0fwedu, i-fwedu, i-pfwedu, ip-fwedu, ipdwedu, ipdfwedu, ipfdwedu, ipcwedu, ipcfwedu, ipfcwedu, ipvwedu, ipvfwedu, ipfvwedu, ipgwedu, ipgfwedu, ipfgwedu, iptwedu, iptfwedu, ipftwedu, iprwedu, iprfwedu, ipfrwedu, ifwedu, ipwedu, pfwedu, ipfwwedu, ipfweedu, ipfweddu, ipfweduu, ipfewdu, ipfwdeu, ipfweud, ipfqedu, ipfqwedu, ipfwqedu, ipfeedu, ipfewedu, ipfweedu, ipfsedu, ipfswedu, ipfwsedu, ipfaedu, ipfawedu, ipfwaedu, ipf2edu, ipf2wedu, ipfw2edu, ipf3edu, ipf3wedu, ipfw3edu, ipfwwdu, ipfwwedu, ipfwewdu, ipfw3du, ipfw3edu, ipfwe3du, ipfw4du, ipfw4edu, ipfwe4du, ipfwrdu, ipfwredu, ipfwerdu, ipfwfdu, ipfwfedu, ipfwefdu, ipfwddu, ipfwdedu, ipfweddu, ipfwsdu, ipfwsedu, ipfwesdu, ipfwedi, ipfwediu, ipfwedui, ipfwedj, ipfwedju, ipfweduj, ipfwedh, ipfwedhu, ipfweduh, ipfwedy, ipfwedyu, ipfweduy, ipfwed7, ipfwed7u, ipfwedu7, ipfwed8, ipfwed8u, ipfwedu8, ipfwesu, ipfwesdu, ipfwedsu, ipfweeu, ipfweedu, ipfwedeu, ipfweru, ipfwerdu, ipfwedru, ipfwefu, ipfwefdu, ipfwedfu, ipfwecu, ipfwecdu, ipfwedcu, ipfwexu, ipfwexdu, ipfwedxu, ipfwdu, ipfweu, ipfwed, ipfedu


text:
Mapfunde
Mapfunde (Sorghum) imhando yehuswa hune dzimwe mhando dzinorimwa mbeu dazacho dzichidyiwa. Dzimwe mhando dzemapfunde anoshandiswa sekudya kwemombe uye mamwe anorimwa kuti ave mafuro. Dzinde iri rinokura munzvimbo dzinodziya muzviwumbe zvose asi mbeu iyi yakanga ichikura kuAfrica, Asia neMexico kubvira kare.
Mashandisirwo[chinja | edit source]
Kune mhando imwe yemapfunde yakakosha yechirimwa inoshandiswa inodyiwa sembeu, sekudya kwezvipfuyo, uye kubika doro, nokugadzira mafuta emuchovha. Mhando zhinji dzemapfunde dzinokunda kupisa uye dzinorarama munguva yeshangwa kana kuti kushomeka kwemvura. Mapfunde anoshanda sechikafu chikuru munzvimbo dzine chitsama dziri muAfrica, Central America ne South Asia.


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Puresha
Muchidzidzo Fundoyetsimba, (Physics), puresha (Pressure) izwi rinotsanangudza huhwandu hweFosi iri kudzvanya pamusoro penharaunda yakapimwa. Puresha inopimwa nechiyero chinonzi Pascal kana kuti N/m2. Puresha inopimwa nerudzivo rwakarurama panharaunda yakadzvanyiwa nepuresha yacho.
- Ngatiti semuenzaniso pane zviumbwa zviviri chimwe nechimwe chine huremu hwe 100kg.
- Ngatitiyi chiumbwa chekutanga chakagara pauso hune nharaunda yakakura 1m2, chepiri chakagara pauso hune nharaunda yakakura 0,5m2.
- Zviumbwa zviviri zvinondonzwa neFosi yegunganidzo yakaenzana nokuda kwehuremu hwakaenzana.
- Asi chiumbwa chakagara pauso hudiki hwakakura 0,5m2 ndicho chinodzvanya nepuresha yakakura.
Tsazaniso yepuresha inoti, Puresha, P = (Fosi)/(Nharaunda)
Saka puresha iri pachiumbwa chekutanga = (100 x 9.8)/(1) = 980 N/m2
Puresha iri pachiumbwa chepiri = (100 x 9.8)/(0.5) = 1960 N/m2


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Ndege
Ndege (Aeroplane) in English. Kuti ndege isumuke kune zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoti:
- Kugona kumhanya kusvika paspidhi yakakura unozogonesa ndege kusimuka.
Puresha yemhepo[chinja | edit source]
Kana mhepo ichinge ichivhuvhuta puresha yayo inodzika nekukwira kunoita spidhi yemhepo. Kana spidhi yemhepo ikaderera puresha yemhepo inokwira. Kucherechedzwa kwechiitiko ichi ndiko kunoshandiswa pakusimudza ndege kuenda mudenga.
Paye ndege inenge yomhanya panhandare yendege mweya unomhanya ichipesana nemapapiro endege. Puresha iri pasi pemapapiro inosiyana nepuresha iri pamusoro pemapapiro.
- Mweya uri kufamba nepasi pebapiro inefamba nhambwe diki pane iri kufamba nepamusoro. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti pasi pakatwasuka, asi pamusoro pakaita hubumbe.
- Izvi zvoreva kuti mweya uri pamusoro pemapapiro unomhanya nemurumba wakakura kudarika uri pasi. Kusiyana kwespidhi kunokonzera kusiyana kwepuresha sezvataurwa pamusoro.
- Izvi zvinoreva kuti puresha iri pasi pebapiro yakawanda pane iri pamusoro pebapiro. Kuwanda kwepuresha pasi pemapapiro fosi inonzi simudzo inova ndiyo inosimudza ndege kuenda mudenga.
Paku bhururuka kwendege, pane mamanikidzo(force) mana anonge achitamba pandege. Manikidzo idzi dzinoti, simudzo, gwesho, gunganidzo ne thrust. manikidzo yesimudzo neye gunganidzo dinopesana kana kuti kupikisana dzichibva mativi akasiyana. Ye gwesho ne thrust zvinopikisanawo zvichibva mativi akasiyana asi manikidzo idzi dzinenge dzaka chinjikana ne-e simudzo ne gunganizo. Kuti ndege ikwanise kubhururuka, manikidzo yesimudzo inenge yakafanana neye ngunganidzo.
Simudzo = gunganidzo
Uye ye gwesho inenge yaka fanana neye thrust
Gwesho = thrust


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text:
Canada
Canada inyika iri muziwumbe re North America iri kuMaodzanyemba kweUnited States of America; nyika nmbiri idzi dzine muganhu pamuyeramwaka +49o.
Canada imwe yenyika dzakatapwa neBritain dzine hugari hwevarungu hwawanda kudarika varidzi venyika vakawanikwa munyika iyi. Imwe yenyika dzine hugari hwamira saizvozvi ndiyo Australia. Varidzi venyika vakawanikwa vari muCanada neAustralia vanodanwa kunzi maAboriginals; zvisingarevi kuti marudzi aya munyika mbiri idzi ane ukama asi kuti ndivo zvidzazvepo.
Kare varidzi venyika vaidanwa kunzi Red Indians muCanada asi pari zvino vanodanwa kunzi Aboriginals kana kuti First Nations.


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Munwe
Minwe ndidzo nhengo dziri kunoperera mawoko dzatinoshandisa kubata nadzo zvinhu. Munhu ane minwe gumi.
Mazita eminwe[chinja | edit source]
Chara (thumb) ndiwo munwe mupfupi mukobvu unopfumbana nemimwe minwe yose. Kana munhu akabata mupinyi webadza, chara chinopoterera nedivi racho chega. Chara chinshandiswa kutswanya sekutaura kwetsumo inoti: Chara chimwe hachitswanyi inda.
Munongedzi kana kuti Mutendeki (index or pointing finger) ndicho chigunwe chinotevedzana nechara chinova ndicho chinoshandiswa kunongedza.
Kasiyanwa (pinky finger) ndiwo munwe mudukusa uri kune rimwe divi rakapesana nechara. Kukwenya munho nekasiyanwa kunotaurwa apo munhu anenge achiita tarisiro rokuti ave nerombo rakanaka pane chaakamirira kuti chiitike.


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Nyamuragira
Nyamuragira igomo rine chikwatamabwe muMakomo eVirunga kuDemocratic Republic of the Congo. Chikwatambawe ichi chiri 25km kuMaodzanyemba eNyanza Kivu.
MuAfrica Nyamuragira ndicho chikwatamabwe chinonyanya kutubuka, chakatubuka kansvika ka40 kubva mugore ra 1885. Kunze kwechitubu chinoonekwa pachisuvi pegomo iri kunoitawo zvimwe zvikwatamabwe mumativi egomo iri zvinokwanisa kurarama makore mashoma. Somuenzaniso Murara chikwatamabwe chakararama kubva 1976-1977.
Kutubuka kwa2010[chinja | edit source]
Rungwanani musi waJanuary 2, Nyamuragira akatanga kufashama achiburitsa mabwe anokwata. Zvinozni hakuna misha yevanhu pedyo negomo iri asi vatariri vemasango vanotyira kuti zvimupanzi zviri pedyo zvingakuvadzwa. Zvinonzi kuchamhembe kwemakomo eVirunga kune miasha yevanhu inotyirwa kuti rimwe gore ingafushirwa.


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Imbwa
Imbwa imhuka inochengetwa pamusha. Imbwa inoshanda mabasa anoti: kuvhima; kufudza zvipfuyo; kuzvuva mitoro kunyika dzinotonhora seCanada; kuchengeta musha; kubatsira mapurisa nemawuto kuronda; kutamba nayo; uye kubatsira vakaremara kana imbwa yakapingudzwa.
Kune marudzi mazhinji embwa akawanikwa nekusarudza mikono nehadzi inoberekesaniswa panguva yokunge hadzi yaBindura - ovulation - being in heat.
Kuberekana kwembwa[chinja | edit source]
Imbwa dzinoyaruka zvokukwanisa kubereka padzinenge dzave nemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nemiviri (6-12); izvi zvinoititka kune mikono zvose nehadzi. Nzvari inoti kana yabindura inenge yagadzirira mupfungwa nemuviri wayo kuti inge ichishumirwa nemukono. Kubva painobindura imbwa nzvari, mazai acho anorarama kwesvondo zvichireva kuti panguva iyi nzvari inokwanisa kushumirwa nemikono yakawanda.
Imbwa dzinozvara mushure memazuva 56-72 mushure mekunge zai nehuronyo zvasangana. Imbwa inobereka vana vanowanza kusvika vatanhatu (6). Mwana wembwa anonzi handa, mbwanana, kana kuti mhondana.
Nyama yembwa[chinja | edit source]
Imbwa dzinodyiwa nyama kwemazana emakore mazhinji kunyika dziri kumabvazuva eAsia dzinosanganisira Korea, China neVietnam. Pane kufungidzira kunoti pagore rega-rega kunobaiwa imbwa 13-16million muAsia kuti dzidyiwe nyama. Nhepfenyuro yeBBC inofungidzira kuti kune nzvimbo dzinotengwa chokudya 6,000 dzinotengesa nyama yembwa kuSouth Korea. Kunozni nyama yembwa inosanganiswa nenyama yehuku nenhenhere dzemushenjere
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
- Kurera imbwa nemukaka mangwana inofuma yokuruma.
- Imbwa nyoro ndidzo tsengi dzamatowo.
- Imbwa payadyira haipakanganwi.
- Kuchengeta imbwa yomweni kuda mwene wayo.
- Chembere ndeyembwa yomurume ndibaba wavanhu


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Chad
Chad nyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe iri kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica. Nyika dzakakomberedza Chad dzinoti: Sudan kumabvazuva, Central African Republic kuchamhembe, Cameroon neNigeria kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero uye Niger kumadokero.
Chad yakapatsanuka kuita matunhu mana anoti: gwenga riri kumaodzanyemba; nzvimbo isina mvura yeSahel iri pakati penyika; nenzvimbo yemiti nesora iri kuchamhembe. Nyanza yeChad panova ndipo panobva zita renyika iyi ndiyo yechipiri pakukura kwematoro muAfrica.
Gutaguru reChad rinonzi N'Djamena uye ndiro guru kupinda mamwe maguta. Nyika yeChad ine marudzi nendimi dzinotaurwa dzinodarika 200. ChiArab neFrench ndiyo mitauro yekumahofisi. Islam nechiKristu ndizvo zvitendero zvinotevedzwa nevanhu vazhinji.


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Hujoto
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, hujoto (temperature) chiyero chinopima kutonhora kana kupisa kuri kuita chiro kana nzvimbo. Hujoto hunodudza kuti chiro chinokwanisa kudziyisa chimwe zvakadii. Sokuti madziya (heat) anoyerera kubva panzvimbo pane hujoto hwe 100oCelsius kuenda kune hujoto hwe 40oCelsius.
Zvikero zveHujoto[chinja | edit source]
Celsius ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa munyika zhinji kupima hujoto. Chikero ichi chinoura kuti 0oCelsius inowankwa pahujoto panogwamba mvura - freezing point of water. kana mvura yasvika pahujoto painofashaira inenge yava pa 100oC.
Kelvin ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa zvikurusei kufundoyetsimba; ichi chikero chinoti 0oC = 273,15K. Kuchishandiswa chikero ichi, 0 Kelvins inenge yaenzana ne -273,15K.
Fahrenheit ndicho chikero chinoshandiswa kupima hujoto kunyika yeUSA. Kuchitevedzwa chikero cheFahrenheit, mvura inogwamba pa 32oF ichizofanza pa 212oF. Kushanduka kwemvura uku kunenge kuchipimwa papuresha yemweya (atmospheric pressure) unoita 101.365kPa. Mvura iri pamusoro pegomo refu inokurumidza kufanza kupfuura iri pasi nokuda kwemusiyano wemutsindo wemweya.


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Zimbabwe
- Ona zveMasvingo eZimbabwe.
- Kana uchitsvaga zvakawanda nezvokuvhota gore ra2008, ona nyaya iyi.
Zimbabwe (madanirwo /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/), ichinzizve Republic of Zimbabwe, uye yakambozivikanwa seSouthern Rhodesia, Republic of Rhodesia uyezve Zimbabwe Rhodesia, inyika yakakomberedzwa nedzimwe iri kuchamhembe kweAfrica. Kumabvazuva kuneMozambique, kuchamhembe kune Chamhembe Africa, kumadokero kune Botswana, kumaodzanyemba kuneZambia. Mutauro wemahofisi Chirungu (English) asi ruzhinji rwevanhu munyika iyi rwunotaura ChiShona. ChiShona mutauro wevanhu vakagara munzvimbo iyi kubva makarekare. Rurimi rweSindebele rwunotaurwawo zvakare muZimbabwe nevanhu veMatabele. Ava vanhu vakasvikawo munzvimbo iyi apo veChiShona vanga vatodzika midzi. VeMatabele ava vaibvawo nechekuchamhembe uko vaitiza ishe wavo Shaka Zulu uyo aida kuvabvisa chirikumeso. Zvakare kuchamhembe kwenyika iyi kune rwizi rukuru rwunonzi Limpopo, ukuwo kumaodzanyemba kunezve rumwe rukuru runonzi rwizi Zambezi. Nzizi idzi ihuru kwazvo uye dzinodira mugungwa reIndian Ocean.
Kubvira makore 1250 kabanga kuzvika 1629, nzvimbo yavekuzikanwa seZimbabwe iyi yaitongwa nemadzimambo eMutapa (Mutapa Empire), vachizikanwazve sekuti Mwene Mutapa, Monomatapa kana kuti pachirungu Empire of Great Zimbabwe. Nzvimbo iyoyi yaive nemukurumbira chaizvo panyaya dzendarama(Goridhe), iro raifambiswa nevanhu vechiArab. Zvakadaro, vechiPutukezi (Portuguese) vakauya ndokuparadza urongwa ihwohwo nokukasira, zvikasiya Monomatapa iri panguva yaChimbetu chaiyo. Gore ra1834 veMatabele, ava vanga vakuzviti maNdebele, vakasvikawo munzvimbo iyoyi yamadzimambo Mutapa. Vakasvika nechekuchamhemhembe kwakadziva kumadokero (South West) kwenzvimbo yamadzimambo Mutapa. Tambo taura pamusoro kuti vanhu ava vakange vari kutiza kubva kunamambo wavowo Shaka ainge arikudya marasha chamhembe ikoko. VechiNdebele ava vaitungamirwawo namambo wavoLobengula. Nzvimbo yavakagara iyi yaizozikanwa seMatabeleland munguva yaizotevera kusanginisira zvino uno.
Nyika yeZimbabwe yakawana kuzvitonga mugore ra1980, apo bato reZanu-PF raRobert Gabriel Mugabe rakavhoterwa neruzhinji rwevanhu. Mureza weBritain wakadzikiswa musi wa18 April 1980, mureza weZimbabwe ukasimudzwa.
Matongerwo eNyika[chinja | edit source]
Zimbabwe inyika yakapatsanurwa kuva nematunhu masere nemaguta mairi anotarisirwa sematunhu mukuva kwawo. Dunhu rese rine guta guru imo munoitirwa mabhizimusi ehurumende.
Mazita ematunhu akagadzirwa kubva mumazita eMashonaland neMatabeleland iwo akagadzirwa nevarungu munguva yekutongwa neBritain. Mashonaland ndiyo yaive nzvimbo yatanga kugarwa neBritish South Africa Company Pioneer Column uko Matabeleland yaiva nzvimbo yakatorwa mukupera kweHondo yekutanga yemaMatabele (First Matabele War). Nzvimbo idzi dzinotevedzawo nyika dzaigarwa nemaShona nemaNdebele varungu vasati vauya, zvisinei kuti izvozvi kunoita kusangana kwevanhu mumatunhu aya. Dunhu rese rinotongwa naProvincial Governor, uyu anosarudzwa nemutangimiri wenyika yeZimbabwe. Hurumende yematunhu inotungamirwa naiye Provincial Administrator, uyu anosarudzwa nePublic Service Commission. Zvimwewo zvinhu zvinoitwa nehurumende yenyika mumatunhu zvinoitwa nemahofisi emapoka ehurumende yenyika.


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Cherechedza
Shoko rokuti kucherechedza (Observe in English) rinoreva chiitiko chokunge munhu kana mhuka iri kutapa ruzivo kubva kune zvakakomberedza. Ruzivo urwu runotapwa kuburikidza nehunzwi huri pavanhu nemhuka hunosanganisira: kuteerera nenzeve, kuona nemaziso, kunhuhwidza nemhuno, kuraidza nerurimi, kunzwa kupisa nekutonhora, kunzwa kuti pane chandibata kana kugunzva, zvichingodaro.
Takatarisana nezvidzidzo zveScience, kucherechedza kunoreva kuunganidza humbowo pamusoro pechinhu chiri kutariswa chiri kudzidzwa nezvacho.
Muenzaniso[chinja | edit source]
- Kana munhu achinge abuda panze muna June akanzwa kutonhorwa zvoreva kuti acherechedza kuti kuri kutonhora.
- Munhu akanzwa kunhuwa kwesadza riri kushinyira zvorevawo kuti acherechedza kuti kune sadza riri kubikwa rave kushinyira.
- Kana mwana akatswinyiwa nomumwe akanzwa kuradza kwazvo kureva kuti mwana atswinyiwa acherechedza marwadzo acho.


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Mbutu
Muchidzidzo Chezvipenyu (Biology) mbutu, inhengo yesikarudzi yevakadzi inoshandiswa pakutunda nekuzvara. Nhengo iyi ine mazita akawanda anoti: beche, nyini, gambi, pudenda. Muchinyorwa chino muchashandiswa zita rokuti mbutu nokuti ndiro rinenge rine chiremera.
Chimiro cheMbutu[chinja | edit source]
Mbutu ibeche kana nyini . Mbutu dzinosiyana siyana, dzimwe dzakakura uye dzimwe idoko. Nhengo iyi iri muhudyu panosangana makumbo pakati pawo. Mbutu ine zvikamu zviri kunze nezvikamu zviri mukati memuviri. Mbutu ine maburi maviri anoti rekurasa mvura nerekuzvara. Kana mukadzi akamira kunze kunoonekwa hwabvu hunovhara zvichibva kuzvidya kunosvika pamutsemu uri pakati.
Pakavhariridzwa nehwabvu nechekuzasi panowanikwa buri rekuzvara. Iri buri rinopinda mukati richizonobatana nechibereko. Pakati pemukana nechibereko pane mhasuru inonzi cervix inosunga kuzasi kwechibereko kuchengetedza mwana mukati.
Mbutu iri pedyo nemukosho rinova buri rinoburitsa matuzvi. Madzimai vanofanirwa kuchenjera kuzadza Mbutu yavo matuzvi pakupisika. Murawu wokupukuta kwemadzimai unoti vanofanirwa kupukuta tsvina zvichibva mberi kuenda shure kuti tsvina isapinda kumberi. Izvi zvinodzivirira hutachiona huri mutsvina yemunhu kuti husapinda mberi.
Kuumbwa kweMbutu[chinja | edit source]
Hwabvu
Kunze kwayo mbutu ine zvipika zviviri zvingadaidzwa kuti hwabvu kana kuti miromo - labia kuEnglish. Kunoita hwabvu hukobvu kwoitawo hwabvu hutete. Shoko rokuti hwabvu rinobva kuChiKorekore richireva kuti miromo - lips.
Hwabvu hukobvu (labia majora) ndihwo hunovhariridza kunze kwayo mbutu kunova kunoonekwa nokunze. Hwabvu uhwu hunobva kuzvidya kusvika nepakati pane mukoronga kana kuti mutsemu. Pamusoro pehwabvu uhwu ndipo panokura choya kana kuti mavhudzi. Hwabvu hukobvu hunopendera pamukoronga pahunoshanduka kuva nyama tsvuku isina choya.
Hwabvu hutete (labia minora) ndizvo zvinzeve kana kuti mipendero iri mukati mehwabvu hukobvu. Hwabvu uhwu hunotangira nechekumusoro kune kabhinzi (gongo) huchinosvika zasi kune buri rekuzvara. Sekutaura kunoita zita racho, hwabvu hutete hudiki pane hwabvu hukobvu. Uhwu hwabvu hutete ndihwo hunoti mamwe madzimai echitema vanoda kutanya kana kudhonza kuti hurebe kuita matinji.
Gongo
Pakati panosangana hwabvu hutete nechekumusoro pane kanyama kadiki kangaenzane nenyemba kukura. Mukutaura kwemazuva ose vamwe vanokati kabhinzi. Kanyama aka ndiko kanodanwa kunzi gongo. Kanyama aka kanoshandawo kuwedzera kuzipirwa kwemukadzi panguva yokunge agara nomurume wake pabonde. Kanyama aka kane zvitape (Nerves) zvinotapa kuzipa panguva yokurarana kwemurume nemukadzi. Kane simba rokugona kusvitsa mudzimai pakuchemerera kana kachinge kapuruzirwa nenzira inofadza.
Mukana
Mukana ndiro buri rekuzvara naro rinova ndiro rinopinda nenhengo yemurume panguva yebonde. Buri rekuzvara rinopinda mukati mumuviri richikwira nemuteremuko ungaita 45o. Kwaunoperera mukana uyu kunovharwa nerhingi yemhasuru inodaidzwa kuti cervix kuEnglish. Mukana wakaumbiridzwa nenyama dzinotatamuka panguva yokuzvara uye panguva yebonde.
Mabasa eMbutu[chinja | edit source]
Kuzvara
Nguva ichinge yakwana yokuti mwana ari munhumbu achibuda, nhengo iyi ndiyo inovamukana (vaginal canal) mwana anobuda nawo achibva muchibereko achibuda kunze. Nyama dzemukana dzinotatamuka kuti mwana akwanise kubuda kuna mai vake.
Kuburitsa Zvemuchibereko
Mukana ndiwo zvakare unoshanda kubuditsa ropa panguva yokunge mukadzi ari kumwedzi uye dzimwe mvura (secretions & discharges) dzose dzinobva muchibereko dzinobuda nomukana uyu.
Kutamba paBonde
Panguva yokunge murume nemudzimai vagara vose pabonde, mboro yomurume inopinda pamukana. Imo munhengo iyi mune nyama dzinotapidzwa nokuzipa kwenguva yokunge murume nomukadzi vapindana pabonde. Panguva iyi zvakare mukana unotatamuka kutambira nhengo yemurume. pane tudzihwa tunotsatsadzirwa kana mudzimai azipirwa tunobatsira kuti nhengo yomurume ibude nokupinda zviri nyore pasina kurwadziwa.


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Swaziland
Swaziland inodanwazve ichinzi kaNgwane kana Eswatini inyika iri kuchamhembe kweAfrica. Nyika iyi yakakombwa neSouth Africa kumaodzanyemba, chamhembe madokero nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva; kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva inoganhurana neMozambique. Nyika iyi nevanhu vemo vanotora zita kubva kuna Mambo Mswati II.
Swaziland ndiyo yedzimwe nyika dikisa muAfrica. Kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuchamhembe kwayo pane makiromita 200, uye kubva kumabvazuva kusvika kumadokero pane makiromita 130. Asi zvakadaro nyika iyi inowanikwa rutaranyika rwakatsaukana nemamiriro ekunze akasiyana siyana; kumakomo kunotonhorera kwakadzika kunopisa uye kwakawoma. Vagari veSwaziland ndeverudzi rwechiSwati vanotaura rurimi rweSiSwati. Nyika iyi yakavaururwa pakati pemwaka wechizana 18 ichitungamirwa naNgwane III; miganhu yayo iriko zvino yakatarwa mugore 1881. Mushure meHondo yeVangirandi neMabhunu, Swaziland yakava Nyika yakachengetedzwa neBritain kubva mugore 1903 kusvika 1967, cihizowana kuzvitonga musi wa 6 September 1968.


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Burundi
Burundi inyika iri muDunhu reNyanza Huru dzeAfrica riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAfrica. Burundi yakakomberedzwa nenyika dzinoti: Rwanda kumaodzanyemba; Tanzania kumabvazuva nekuchamhembe neDemocratic Republic of the Congo kumadokero. Kuyangwe zvazvo Burundi nyika yakakomberedzwa nematunhu chikamu chikuru chenyika iyi chinoganhurana neNyanza Tanganyika. Gutaguru reBurundi rinonzi Bujumbura.
Mumwe yemutauro wenyika uyu unonzi Kirundu une mashoko anoda kunofanana neShona akati wande. Nyika iyi ine mhuri zhinji dzine zita remhuri rokuti Mugabe.


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Namibia
Namibia inyika iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweAfrica inoita muganhu neGungwa Atlantic kumadokero kwayo. Nyika dzinoganhurana neNamibia dzinoti: Angola neZambia kumaodzanyemba, Botswana kumabvazuva neSouth Africa kuchamhembe nekumabvazuva. Pakati peZimbabwe neNamibia pane nhambwe yemamita 200 iyi nzvimbo iri murwizi. Namibia yakawana rusununguko kubva kuhutongi hweSouth Africa musi wa 21 March 1990 izvi zvichitevera Hondo yerusununguko rweNamibia. Guta guru renyika iyi rinonzi Windhoek.Rimwe guta riri kumahombekombe eGungwa reAtlantic rinonzi Walvis Bay


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Tsivatsaona
Mukushanda kunoita hushangazhi, Tsivatsaona chirongwa chinobatsira vemabhizinisi munguva yokunge nzvimbo dzavo dzehushangazhi dzarasikirwa nemari kuburikidza nenjodzi dzinoitika muhushangazhi. Vamabhizinisi vanoripa muripo kuKambani dzeTsivatsaona (Insurance) mwedzi wega-wega; musi unoitika tsaona munzvimbo yehushangazhi, makambani eTsivatsaona anotsiva hukoshi hwechinhu chinenge charasika mutsaona. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti vemabhizinisi vakwanise kudzoka pakushanda zvakare mushure metsaona. Kambani dzeTsivatsaona dzinogamuchira mudeme-mudeme kubva kumabhizinisi akawanda, izvi zvichibatsira kuti pave nehomwe yemari inoshandiswa musi unoitika tsaona kune avo vanenge vakaita mudeme-mudeme.


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Presenter: Makadii vaMapfumo??
TM : Hapana zvatakaita isu, kungouyawo kuno kuzotsvaga mari vanhu vanonyepa
Presenter : ?????, ok, ko Nhai Mukanya ndimi munoti Zimbabwe yave mamvemve titaurireika
TM : Ini ndakadaro riini ??
Presenter : Hamuna here kambo kanonzi mamvemve
TM : Ndinako but ….
Presenter : Maiti kudii
TM : Ndaingoti “nyika yenyu yamaichemera", tusikana twoti "hona yaita mamvemve" saka mungatobvunza ivo
Presenter: Vanonzi ananiko vasikana ava
TM : Hameno tunzenza utwu twunongo pesuka pesuka ndichiimba zvangu, kamwe karikuchaya mapoto kuGermany uku
Presenter : Horaiti ko corruption iri sei kuZimbabwe ndimi makaimba nezvecorruption
TM : Aaa Iwe zvako iwe, ndaive ndakagara zvangu kumba munoziva isu hatina kudzidza kaisu, ndichitoverengaHerald ndokuona messenger achisvika zvikanzi vamapfumo, ndatumwa ndabva kuUZ hanzi huyai mutore degree, endeiko wanikwe iMasters chairo, iwe tine vanhu vakawanda varikushaya nzvimbo kumaUniversity uko, ini ndongosvika nekupiwa unoti handicorruptioniyoyo.
Presenter : Kikikiki, ko mune tarisiro yekuimbawo here gospel someday
TM : Ndaida asi Charamba naManyeruke vakaimba bible rese zvekutoti Charamba avekutoimba zvisimo zvaanofungidzira kuti pamwe, hanzi Simon Peter akazodiiko hameno
Presenter : Kiiki zvakaoma ko munoona sei vaimbi vemuZimbabwe, mungangondiudzawo here top 10
TM : Obvious number 1 ndini, 2 hapana 3 hapana totozona number 7 paimbova naMarshal chizukuru change ichi saka hapana izvozvi aripo, number 8 anonzaniko uyu Micheso hanzi aniko hameno, ko zouyawo avo vanopfeka zvinopenya penya avoo..
Presenter : Ko Leornard Zhakata wekuimba Mugove
TM : Aiwa yehupfu haazoshayazvake
Presenter : Ko Hamuna kutaurawo nezvaTuku patop ten apo
TM : Haa mh@t* iyo
Presenter : Ah vaMapfumo tiri pamhepo
TM : Iwe iwe mh@t* I mh@t* chete pamhepo mumvura kana pai
Presenter : Vanhu varikuti vaMapfumo vapererwa kuimba Shiri yakanaka
TM : Iwe kambo kaye ndakaimbira vana ndakatozoshamisika unzwa nevanhu vakuru vakutoimbawo, nekutamba aaah vamwe havakure shuwa, asi kana ndikapererwa hangu handizoimba Chimbambaira Chirimupoto
Presenter : Sei Musingatambe muchiimba
TM : Handitambe pabasa, hauone kuti ndizvo zvakabhurokesa pengaudzoke
- manicapost


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MURUME wekumitisa mwana wechikoro ndokuzoroora mumwe mudzimai wechipiri ave kuoneswa moto nevabereki vemudzimai wake wekutanga avo vari kuda US$1 500 yedhemeji.
Abgial Nyabadza akadhonzera Alfred Chatambarara kuHarare Civil Court achiti anoda mari yemendenenzi. "Ndinoda kuti murume wangu andipe US$130 yemendenenzi. Pamari iyi, ndinoda kutengawo chikafu chevana vaviri vandinavo, kubhadhara rendi uye kuvatengera hembe. Izvozvi hapana chinondipa mari, ndinopota ndichitsvaira mudzimba dzevanhu ndichipihwa mari asi haikwani kuchengeta vana.
"Takaroorana asi hatisi kugara tese saka kumba haasi kuuyisa chero kobiri zvaro," akadaro.
Nyabadza akati murume wake akanga asingachatengi chikafu kumba nekuti akanga atora mumwe mukadzi. "Murume uyu akanditora ndiri mwana wechikoro ndiri muForm 4 ndisati ndaziva upenyu, akandiitisa nhumbu. Izvozvi tangogara makore mashoma ava kutora mumwe mukadzi atove nemwana mumwe chete. Paakandimitisa akandivimbisa kuti achandichengeta ini zvese nemwana asi pari zvino haachauyi chero kumba, ava kunakidzwa nemukadzi wake wechipiri. Handina kuziva kuti aindibata kumeso pese ipapo," akadaro Nyabadza.
Chatambarara akapikisana nezvakataurwa naNyabadza achiti vari kugara vese uye mari yemendenenzi yakanga yataurwa yaive yakawandisa.
"Mari yandinokwanisa kubhadhara iUS$100 pamwedzi nekuti ndinoda kuriritira mukadzi wangu wechipiri nemwana waainaye zvakare. Mukadzi uyu ndichiri kugara naye, anonyepa zvekuti handigari naye rinongovawo godo rekuti dzimwe nguva ndinenge ndiine mukadzi mudiki," akadaro.
Mutongi Renika Dzikiti akaudza vaviri ava kuti nyaya yavo yaizodzoka mudare zvakare.
- zimpapers


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Mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, Mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton inotsanangura hukama huripo pakati pefosi dziri kubata mutumbi nekuhamba (motion) kwemutumbi kunokonzerwa nefosi idzi. Kwemazana emakore hukama uhwu hwakataurwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana; Isaac Newton akazonyora mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton inotaura sezvizvi:
- Mutemo wekutanga: Pachinge pasina fosi rokunze rinotsimbira, mitumbi yose inoramba iri pakuzorora, kana pakuhamba kusingachinje kunotevedza gwara rakatwasuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutumbi wakazorora unoramba wakazorora kusvika watekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Zvakare mutumbi uri kuhamba unoramba uri kuhamba nespidhi imwechete uye rudzivo rusingachinje kusvika apo unotekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Uyu mutemo unotaura pamusoro pechinepfu.
- Mitemo wechipiri: Apo mutumbi unohamba, rufangu rwawo a rwunotevedza rudzivo rwakati sambamba nefosi riri kutekenya; rufangu nefosi zvine muzasedimbu wekuteverana uye rufangu nehuremu zvine muzasedimbu wakasunama. Izvi zvinoreva kuti rufangu rwunokwira panokwira fosi uye rufangu rwunodzika panokwira huremu. Mutemo wechipiri uyu unonyorwa netsazaniso inotevera F = m.a
- Mutemo wechitatu: Pane fosi yedzitsinyira yose pane imwe fosi inotsiva ine rudzivo rwakapesana kana kupikisana nefosi yedzitsinyira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mitumbi miviri ichiita mutsimba wefosi, fosi yedzitsinyira nefosi inotsiva dzine huhombe hwakaenzana asi fosi idzi dzinongedza mativi akapesana.
Mitemo iyi yakadhindwa mubhuku rakabuda mugore 1687.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
Fosi yedzitsinyira ndiyo inonzi acting force kuEnglish kureva racho fosi ratanga kusunda kana kuzvuva. Shoko rokuti kudzitsinyira rinoreva kusadharara pakusunda kana kuzvuva - exerting a force to push or pull,
Fosi inotsiva ndiyo inonzi reactive force kuEnglish kureva fosi rinopikisana nefosi ratanga kusunda kana kuzvuva.


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Muyeramwaka
Muzvidzidzo zvinotevera: Taranyika; Jekanyika, nePimanzvimbo, Muyeramwaka, (Latitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paMuenzanisi zvichienda kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMuenzanisi.
Muyeramwaka inoverengwa ichibva paMuenzanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMuenzanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMuenzanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Zvizere zvinotsanangura kukosha kweMuyeramwaka zvinowanikwa pachinyorwa Mwaka yepaNyika.


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Isaac Newton
VaSir Isaac Newton (4 Ndira 1643 – 31 Kurume 1727) vaiva scientist nephilosopher vane mukurumbira vaibva kuEngland.
Zviitwa zvikuru[chinja | edit source]
Muchidzidzo chemasvomhu, vaNewton vakawedzera zvikuru, ruzivo rwedu rwemasvomhu. Nharaunda dzavakabetsera kuwedzera ruzivo dzinosanganisira zvese mukubva mukarikurasi (calculus), pimanzvimbo nealgebra. Pamwe chete naGottfried Wilhelm Leibnizvakabatsira kuumba ruzivo rwedu rwekarikurasi - nyangwe vakashanda vakazvimiririra. Muchidzidzo chefundoyetsimba, vaNewton vakawanikidza kuti chiedza chichena hachisi cheruvara rimwe asi chakagadzirwa nemavara avakapa zita rekuti ma"primary colours" (mavara ekutanga). "Experimentum crucis" yavo inehumbowo hwedudzirazivo (theory) yavo yekugadzirwa kwechiedza murutsaudzo runoitika kana chiedza chichipfuura nemuzhumwi.
Mukudzidza kwekukuhamba (motion), mabhuku aNewton, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica", akakosha zvikuru mufundoyetsimba yanhasi. Bhuku rekutanga mumabhuku acho rinopa uye rinotsanangura Mitemo yeruhambo yaNewton (motion) inganyorwa sezvizvi:
- Mutemo wekutanga: Pachinge pasina fosi rokunze rinotsimbira, mitumbi yose inoramba iri pakuzorora, kana pakuhamba kusingachinje kunotevedza gwara rakatwasuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutumbi wakazorora unoramba wakazorora kusvika watekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Zvakare mutumbi uri kuhamba unoramba uri kuhamba nespidhi imwechete uye rudzivo rusingachinje kusvika apo unotekenyewa nefosi rokunze risina rimwe fosi rinorigadadza. Uyu mutemo unodanwazve kuti mutemo wechinepfu.
- Mitemo wechipiri: Apo mutumbi unohamba, rufangu rwawo a rwunotevedza rudzivo rwakati sambamba nefosi riri kutekenya; rufangu nefosi zvine muzasedimbu wekuteverana uye rufangu nehuremu zvine muzasedimbu wakasunama. Izvi zvinoreva kuti rufangu rwunokwira panokwira fosi uye rufangu rwunodzika panokwira huremu. Mutemo wechipiri uyu unonyorwa netsazaniso inotevera F = m.a
- Mutemo wechitatu: Pane fosi inodhaya yose pane imwe fosi inotsiva ine rudzivo rwakapesana kana kupikisana nefosi inodhaya. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mitumbi miviri ichiita mutsimba wefosi, fosi inodhaya nefosi inotsiva dzine huhombe hwakaenzana asi fosi idzi dzinongedza mativi akapesana.


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Mubatanidzwa weNyika Pasirose
Sangano reMubatanidzwa weNyika Pasirose, inonzi United Nations organisation kuChirungu, (MNP-UN), isangano rinokotsvanidza nyika dziri Pasirose; sangano iri rakaumbwa mugore 1945 zvichitevera kupera kweHondo yePasirose yeChipiri. Sangano iri rine zvinangwa zvina zvinoti:
- Kuchengetedza runyararo Pasirose.
- Kukurudzira kuwadzana pakati pemarudzi nenyika Pasirose.
- Kubatsira marudzi nenyika kushanda pamwechete nechinangwa chokupedza: hurombo; nzara; zvirwere; nekusadzidza, uye kururudzira kuremekedzana pakati pemarudzi nevanhu panhau dzine chokuita nekodzero dzevanhu nerusununguko rwevanhu.
- Kuva muzinda unoringanisa nokuyananisa mabasa anoitwa nemarudzi nenyika kuti vakunde pazvinangwa zviri pamusoro izvi.
Muzinda weUnited Nations uri kuNew York, United States of America.


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Muchato
Muchato chiitiko chekunge murume nemukadzi vari kuroorana vachiita mhiko dzavo dzokugara vose. kazhinji kuitwa kwemhiko kunoteverwa nemhemberero apo vanhu vakakokwa vanenge vofara pamwe nevachati.
Muchato unokwanisa kuitirwa muKereke kana kuitirwa mudare raMudzviti. Vanochata vanowanza kunge vaine vafakazi vanopupura kuti vaona muchato uwu vachiisa runyoro rwavo pagwaro remuchato. Mukadzi anenge achichata anonzi mwenga, murume anenge achichata anonzi zenda kana kuti toti zendanomwenga.
MuZimbabwe nekune dzimwe nyika nhau yekuroorana inoperera pamberi pemhuri nevabereki pasina kuenda kunochata kuKereke kana kuhurumemnde. MuZimbabwe murume anenge aripa roora paanozopiwa mukadzi natezvara. Kunyika dzevarungu mukuwasha anopiwa mukadzi asina roora raaripa. Kune dzimwe nyika mukadzi ndiye anoripa mari achitora mururme kuti ave wake; iyi tsika inowanikwa kuIndia.


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Mozambique
Mozambique inyika iri ku[[Chamhembe kwadziva kuMabvazuva] kweAfrica. Nyika dzakaikomberedza dzinoti: Tanzania iri kumaodzanyemba; Malawi neZambia dziri kuMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kuMadokero; Zimbabwe iri kumadokero; Swaziland neSouth Africa dziri Chamhembe kwakadziva kuMadokero. Kumabvazuva kwayo inoganhurana neGungwa India. Mozambique inopatsanurana neMadagascar paMuronga weMozambique. Guta guru reMozambique rinonzi Maputo. Manica iri pedyo ne guta reMutare. Mutungamiri wekutanga wenyika iyi ainzi Samora Machel.


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Huronyo
Huronyo imvura dzinobudisa nevarume kana vapedza kusvira kana kuti kuchaya bonyora. Mvura iyi ine ruvara ruchena, uyezve yakada kufanana nemadzihwa.
Kukora kana kutetepa kweuronyo kunoenderana nekuti murume uyu anga ava nenguva yakareba zvakadini asati arara nemukadzi. Varume vanobuda mumifananidzo yePono vanobudisa uronyo hwakawanda ungatoti munhu ari kuweta. Vanomwa mapiritsi anoita kuti uronyo hubude hwakawanda. Vakadzi venyika dzekumadokera vanowanzomwa uronyo hwemurume uye vanoti ivo hunoita sekuti hune munyu.


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Nhumbu
Munhukadzi anonzi ane Nhumbu kubva panguva iyo anosangana nemurume mwana achitanga kuumbwa muchibereko chemukadzi. Panguva yokunge mukadzi ave nenhumbu dumbu rake rinotanga kukura zvichienderana nekukura kuri kuita mwana muchibereko. Vamwe vatauri vanoti mimba.
Nhumbu yemunhu inotakurwa kwemwedzi mipfumbamwe (9). Vanhu vanoberekana nenzira inokumbanidza mbeu yemurume nezai remukadzi mushure mokunge murume nemukadzi vasangana kana vakumbana
Zvinosarira muchibereko mushure mokunge mwana abuda zvinonzi rusarira, musana kana kuti chavakuru - after-birth.
Kubata nhumbu kunotaurwazve kuchinzi kunamba nhumbu. Iri shoko richakosha kuturikira inonzi conception kuChirungu.
Tsumo[chinja | edit source]
- Zvikoni zvikoni mimba haibvi negosoro: what is impossibleis impossible, a foetus is not killed by coughing.
- Nhumbu mukadzi mukuru hairevi chayadya.


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Mukweso
Mukweso wemagetsi (muChirungu: electrical resistance) wechinhu chinoshanda nemagetsi zvinoreva kupikisa kwekufamba kwerufuvha rwemagetsi muchinhu ichocho. Pindukwo (inverse) yemukweso imugwinho, zvinoreva kuti zviri nyore sei kuti rufuvha rupfure muchinhu chinoshanda nemagetsi. Chiyerwo chemukweso musisitemu yezviyero yepasirose (SI) chinonzi ohm. Mugwinho hunoyerwa mumasiemens.
Chiro chine mucheko wakaenzana chine mukweso une muzasedimbu nehukweso nekureba kwechiro ichocho nemuzasedimbu wakasunama (inverse proportionality) nenhandare yemucheko wacho. Zvinhu zvese zvine mukweso wemagetsi, kunze kwemasupakondakita asina mukweso.
Mukweso (R) wechiro unodudzirwa semudida webasa paumwe hwechaji (vhoruteji) kumativi kwechiro (V) nerufuvha muchiro ichocho (I) pachiva nemugwinho (G) iri pindukwo yacho:
Kune zviro zvizhinji, V naI zvine muzasedimbu wekuteverana zvichitevera kuti R naG zvinogara zvakokonerwa (constant) (asi zvinogona kushanduka zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinhu somuenzaniso, hujoto). Muzasedimbu uyu unonzi Mutemo waOhm uye zviro zvinotevera muzasedimbu uyu zvinonzi zviro zviri ohmiki.
Mukweso wemagetsi unoyerwa neohmita (ohmmeter).
Mikweso inogarowanikwa[chinja | edit source]
Kwakawanikwa Ruzivo[chinja | edit source]
- ↑ Hukweso hwecopper i1.7×10-8Ωm. Ona [1].
- ↑ Electric power substations engineering na John Douglas McDonald, p 18-37, [2]
- ↑ [3] Kune bhatiri ritsva reEnergizer E91 AA alkaline battery, mukweso wemukati unosiyana kubva pa0.9Ω nehujoto hwe -40°C, kusvikira 0.1Ω nehujoto hwe +40°C.
- ↑ Mukweso wegirobhu re60W kuEurope (230V magetsi epaplug) inenge iri 900 ohm. Mukweso wefiramende unotemba nehujoto; manhamba aya ndeefiramende irikutopisa apa girobhu richiburitsa chiedza.
- ↑ 100,000 ohm pakubata neganda rakaoma, 1000 ohms pakubata neganda rakatota kana rakatsemuka. Zvinotembawo nezvimwe zvinhu. Wonawo: Publication No. 98-131: Worker Deaths by Electrocution. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health


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Chizinganhare
Chizinganhare (cellphone) imhando yerunhare isina waya dzakabata kwairi inoshanda nemasaisai emhando rwe "radio". Nokumwe kutaura inonzi nharembozha.
Shoko rokuti chizinganhare rinotoredzera kubva pachizinga chinogadzirirwa huchi nenyuchi chine madowo ane kuumbwa kwakaita gonyanhanhatu. Kushanda kunoita chizinganhare ndekwekuti chinotambira nokupa mashoko kunharire iri pedyo. Nharire dzinopana nokutapurirana mashoko, cellphone dzotapurirana nenharire iri pedyo.
Nharire idzi (Base Stations) dzinenge dzakawanda; nharire imwe neimwe inenge iri munharaunda yayo mainotapurirana mashoko nezvizinganhare. Nharaunda dzenharire dzakarongeka nokubatana sokurongeka nokubatana kwakaita madowo ari pachizinga chehuchi hwenyuchi. Chiumbwa chenharire chakaita gonyanhanhatu nguva zhinji; "network" yobatana sezvakaita chizinga chehuchi. Saka zita rokuti chizinganhare rasarudzwa.


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Sasauka
Muzvidzidzo zvinoti: fundoyetsimba netaranyika, kusasauka (Evaporation) zvinoreva kushanduka kubva pakuva mutuvi (liquid) kuenda pakuva mupfunga wemvura (water vapour). Somuenzaniso, mvura inosasauka kubva munzvimbo dzayakaungana senzizi, nyanza, negungwa. Mvura inosasauka kuburikidza nekupisa kwezuva, uye kupeperutswa nemhepo.
Kusasauka kwemvura rimwe danho paNhevedzwa dzeMvura. Vamwe vatauri vanoti kukwaika kwemvura.
Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinja | edit source]
- Kwakaidza tumvura twomugungwa kuti uwane munyu.
- Mvura yomu tsambakodzi yati kwaka.


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Ketamhuka
Ketamhuka (Zoology in English) ibazi rechidzidzo cheKetazvipenyu rinotarisa zvemhuka. Zvarinobata zvinosanganisira: chimiro chemhuka, kubereka kwadzo, matunhu dzinogarwa nemhuka, uye kuti rudzi rwemhuka rwunorarama here kana kuti rwakatsakatika. Nyanzvi yakadzidzira chidzidzo ichi anonzi Chiketamhuka.
Shoko rokuti kuketa ishoko reslang yeChiShona rinoreva zvinosanganisira: kuziva, kuona, kuva nenjere, kuyeuka chawakamboona, kupatsanura, kuronga, zvichingodaro. Shoko rokuti kuketa ndiro riri pedyo kuturikira chivakashure chokuti -logy chinoshandiswa kuEnglish mumazwi anenge gynaecology, geology, biology. Saka Ketamhuka ibazi reruzivo pamusoro pemhuka.


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Mweya Mutsvene
Muchitendero chechiKristu, Mweya Mutsvene ishoko rinoshandiswa kureva mweya waMwari uyo anenge ari Mwari ari kubata panyika kune vakatenda kuna Jesu Kristu. Mweya Mutsvene uyu haaonekwe nemaziso asi vanotenda vanomuziva kuburikidza nemabasa ake mavari.
Bhaibheri rinoonesa kuti Mweya Mutsvene akanga aripo kubvira pakutanga apo panonzi muna Genesis 1 verse 2 'Mweya waMwari wakanga achigara pamusoro pemvura'. Zvakare kuTestamente Yakare Mweya Mutsvene anoonekwa achibata kuburikidza neavo vaiProfita.
Mabasa aMweya Mutsvene[chinja | edit source]
Mabasa anoitwa naMweya Mutsvene anosanganisira:
- Kudzidzisa Shoko raMwari.
- Kuyeuchidza Shoko raMwari nekururama kwake.
- Kuzivisa vatendi pfungwa dzaMwari neizvo zviri kuitwa kana kuti zvichaitwa naMwari.
- Kubata muvatendi kuburikidza nezvipo zvaMweya Mutsvene.


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Guta reHo Chi Minh
Ho Chi Minh Guta (Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Ho Chi Minh City), Saigon guta neVietnam. Zvinofungirwa kuti muguta reHo Chi Minh chaimo mune vanhu 7,406,000 (2010), pachiva nevanhu 9,000,000 (2011) mumetropolitan area yayo.
Mukutongwa, guta reHo Chi Minh rinovawo guta rinozvitonga rinofananidzwa nedunhu. Ho Chi Minh Guta ndiro guta rakakurisa muVietnam yose. Muguta umu munotengeswa nokutengwa zvinhu zvakaita sefodya, chibage, donje nemichero unonzi pachirungu, macitrus fruits. Hushangazhi hurimo hunosanganisira zvesimbi, machira nemakemikaru (chemicals). Munharaunda yeguta munocherwa goridhe.
MuHo Chi Minh ndimo munowanikwa Yunivhesiti yeVietnam, inova iyo yunivhesity ikuru zvakanyanya munyika yeVitenma. Guta reHo Chi Minh rinova nenhandare yendege inonzi Tan Son Nhat International Airport.


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Mugodhi
Mugodhi (Mine in English) imhando yehushangazhi hunochera matombo akakosha kubva muvhu, nokukorora simbi kubuda mumatombo anenge acherwa. Matombo aya anogona kunge aine simbi dzakakosha kana kuti achishandiswa mune mamwe mabasa anowanikwa muhushangazhi.
- Munyika yeZimbabwe mune migodhi inochera simbi dzakakosha dzinoti:ndarama; platiunum; chrome uye lithium.
- Kunoitawo migodhi inochera mamwe matombo asiri esimbi anoti: ngoda; limestone; magnesium uye silicates.
- Matombo asina simbi yakakosha anodanwa kunzi mambara - (waste rock in English).


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Rusaruraganda
Rusaruraganda (racism in English) zvinotaura mabatiro evanhu anovapatsanura zvichienderana nekusiyana kweganda ravo. Rusaruraganda rwunosiyanisa mabatirwo evanhu, vamwe vachiitirwa zviri nani pane vamwe nechikonzero chokunge vakasiyana ganda kana boka retsika ravanobva kwariri.
Munhoroondo yeAfrica rusaruraganda inyaya huru zvikurusei pakudzvanyirirwa kwakanga kwakaitwa vanhu vatema. Tsika iyi inoonekwazve pakutapwa muhuranda kwakitwa vatema vachiyambutswa gungwa reAtlantic kuenda kuAmerica neEurope.


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Nyoka
Nyoka imhuka yesango yakareba isina makumbo inofamba ichi zvongonyoka. Dzimwe nyoka dzine uhuturu huno kwanisa kuuraya munhu uye dzimwe dzaka fanana neshato hadzina kana nehuturu. Vanhu vazhinji vanouraya nyoka kana vakaiona
Nyoka dzinowanikwa muAfrica dzinosanganisira shato, chiva, mhungu, rovambira, nyamafingu,bonga-musakwani, nyarufuru, kangamiti kana kuti karukuni, mhakure,ndara, tsvuku-kuviri, chimanzi, mhakure, rukukutwe, svoti, maswere, binga, hangara, ndinga nedzimwewo.
Nyoka dzinobvisa ganda radzo rekunze pamwaka yakasiyana - ganda iri rinenge rabviswa rinonzi vhunurwa - "slough in English"..
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
- Mwana wenyoka nzvenzvana.
- Akarohwa senyoka yapinda mumba
- Rega kuyera nyoka negavi iyo iripo.
Mazita emhuri[chinja | edit source]
Kune mazita emhuri ane chekuita nenyoka. Mamwe ndiwo anoti: Nyoka, Mutimbanyoka zvichingodaro.


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Gomo
Makomo (mountains) inzvimbo yakawumbika ichikwira kuenda mudenga iyo yakatenderedwa nenzvimbo dzakaderera. Makomo akakwira kuenda mudenga zvakanyanya muZimbabwe ndiro Gomo reNyangani.
Jinga reGomo zvinoreva nzvimbo iri muzasi uye pedyo negomo (Foot of hill). Mbira nengururu dzinogara mujinga remakomo.
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
- Kudada kwavari mugomo kukumbira vari pasi mapfihwa.
- Chikomo chiremera kune vari kure, vari pedo vanotamba nacho.
Mazita emhuri ane chekuita negomo anosanganisira: Gomo, Negomo.


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Kamba dzekuuraya
Kamba dzekuuraya kana kuti kamba dzekupfuudza (Extermination camps or death camps kuChirungu) zvinotaura kamba dzakavakwa neBato reNazi rekuGermany munguva yeHondo yePasirose yeChipiri (1939–45) izvi zvichiitwa nechinangwa chekuuraya mamiriyoni evanhu. Nzvimbo idzi dzaishandiswa nhungu dzechefu yegasi uye kushandisa vanhu kwenguva ndefu vasina chokudya chakakwana. Kwakaurayiwa vanhu vemarudzi akawanda asi vanhu vechiJudah ndivo vakanyanya kuurayiwa. Baradzarudzi iri ndiyyo yakanga iriyo nzira yakasarudzwa neBato reNazi kupedza Chinetso chemaJudah
Nhoroondo[chinja | edit source]
Kamba dzekuuraya kana kuti kamba dzekupfuudza mazwi maviri anoreva zvimwechete, anoshandisa kureva kamba dzakavakwa nebato reNazi nechinangwa kwete chekuranga vasungwa asi chekuuraya vasungwa vakanga vaunzwa kunzvimbo idzodzi. Apa kuti vasungwa hazvireve kuti vanhu ava vakanga vaine mhosva dzavakanga vapara, vasungwa ava vaisungirwa kuva verudzi rwavaiva, maJudah kana maRomani.
Hurumende yaGermany ichitungamirwa nebato reNazi 1933–45) yakavaka kamba dzekupfudza dzaizezesa muPoland panguva yehutapwa. Kamba idzi dzakanga dzakasiyana nekamba dzekufurutsa dzinenge Dachau neBelsen dzakanga dzavakirwa kuchengetera vanhu vaisungwa mushure mokunge bato reNazi rati vanhu vakazvidzwa zvichitevedza maoenero ematongerwo enyika uye kugarisana munzanga dzemisha. Mumakore ekutanga erutsvamhumburu maJudah vaiendeswa kukamba dzenhapwa asi zvichitanga gore 1942 vakanga voendeswa kukamba dzekuuraya.
Kamba dzekupfuudza dzakanga dzakasiyana nekamba dzechibharo (forced labor camps) idzo dzakavakwa mumatunhu akapambwa neGermany senzvimbo dzaishandiswa vasungwa vaisanganisira vasungwa vehondo vachishanda sevaranda. Mumakamba ekupfuudza mazhinji vanhu vaifa nerheti yakakwira; zvaiti: vamwe vachiurayiwa, vamwe vachifa nenzara, vamwe nazvirwere, vamwe nekuneta uye hutsinye hwemawuto eGermany.
Makamba ekupfuudza[chinja | edit source]
Nyanzvi dzenhoroondo yerutsvamhumburu dzinoti bato reNazi rakavaka makamba ekupfuudza matanhatu (6) muPoland panguva yehutapwa. Kamba dzinonzi Chełmno neAuschwitz II dzakanga dziri kumadoekero kwePoland mumatunhu akabvutwa nemaNazi ekuGermany mugore 1939, mamwe makamba mana akavakirwa mumatunhu ehurumende yePoland. Mazita emakamba aya ndeanotevera:
1. Auschwitz II (Auschwitz-Birkenau) 2. Chełmno 3. Belzec 4. Majdanek 5. Sobibor 6. Treblinka


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Hukwidza
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, tsangudzo dzinotevera dzinopihwa maererano nekupimwa kwenhambwe.
Hurefu (length) - shoko iri rinoreva kureba kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa. Kana tiri kuMasvomhu, hurefu hunoshandiswa kududza divi rakanyanya kureba kudarika mamwe.
Hwasha (width) - shoko iri rinoreva kupamhama kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa
Hudzamu (depth) - shoko rinoreva kudzika kwenzvimbo kana ichipimwa. Shoko iri rinoshandiswa kududza kupimwa kwenhambwe zvichitevedza rudzivo rwekudzika pasi.
Hukwidza (height, altitude) - iri shoko rinonyanya kushandiswa kududza kupimwa kwenhambwe zvichitevedza rudzivo rwekuenda mudenga. Somuenzaniso tingataura hukwidza hwendenge iri kubhururuka kana chivakwa chemudurikidzanwa. Mukutaura kwamazuva ose tinoti chinhu chiri pakakwirira kana pakaderera, muzvidzidzo zveScience zvakafanira kuti titaure pamusoro pehukwidza.
Mipimo yose yataurwa pamusoro inoshandisha chiyero chenhambwe chinonzi mita (metre).


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Nzenda
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, nzenda (dimensions) rinoreva nhamba shomane (minimum) yezviringani inokwana kudoma pane chimiso munzvimbo iri kutaurwa nezvayo.
- Mutsetse une nzenda imwe (1), hurefu chete nokuti nhambwe imwe (1) yehurefu inokwana kudoma pane chimiso chiri pamutsetse.
- Chiumbwa chiri pauso hwakati sandarara (plane) chine nzenda mbiri (2), hwasha nehurefu. Panodiwa mipimo miviri kutsangudza kukura kwakaita mhando yechiumbwa - hwasha, nehurefu.
- Chiumbwa chine mumhu chinonzi chine nzenda nhatu (3); hwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu. Hatikwanise kutsangudza kukura kwakaita mhando yechiumbwa ichi tisina kupa mipimo mitatu iri yose - hwasha, hurefu nehudzamu .
Shoko iri rinotoredzera pane rokuti kuenda. Saka 3-dimensiional shape unokwanisa kuenda uchitevedza mupimo wehwasha, hurefu, nehudzamu - nzenda nhatu.


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Nyeredzi
Muzvidzidzo zvinoti: taranyika; jekanyika; fundoyetsimba, nyeredzi izita riri kutorwa kumirira anonzi planets kuEnglish anova mitumbi inopoterera zuva. Nyeredzi imwe neimwe ine boterekwa rainofamba mariri ichipoterera zuva.
Mukutaura kwemazuva ose, nyeredzi ndidzo nyenyedzi. Nokuda kwekuti mutauro wedu utambanuke kutaura zvakawanda mazwi maviri aya asiyaniswa. Nyeredzi dzinosanganisira mitumbi inoti: Earth; Mars; Jupiter; Mecury; Venus; Saturn, Uranus neNeptune.. Idzi ndidzo nyeredzi dzine maboterekwa anopoterera zuva ratinoona rinobuda nokunyura panyika yatigere. Kubatanidzwa kwenyeredzi idzi pamwe nezuva kunodanwa kuEnglish kunzi Solar System - kuShona tichati Gumbapamwe reMushana, iro izwi rokuti mushana richimirira zuva ratinozambira panyika.
Mutumbi wePluto waimboshevedzerwa kunzi nyeredzi asi zvakazoshandurwa neInternational Astronomical Union. Iye zvino Pluto yakushevedzerwa kunzi nyeredzi diki (dwarf planet).


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Mutemo waPareto
Mutemo waPareto chinyorwa chinodudzira hukama huripo pakati pezvikonzero zvinokonzera zviitiko zvizhinji, nezvisakwa kana mhedzisiro dzinoonekwa pazviitiko izvozvi. Mutemo uyu wakanyorwa nemurume ainzi Joseph M Juran wekuUnited States of America uyo aiva nyanzvi yeruzivo rwehumaneja. Joseph M. Juran akatumidza mutemo uwu zita reimwe nyanzvi yainzi Vilfredo Pareto; murume uyu aiva chizvarwa cheku Italy. Mugore ra1906 Vilfredo Pareto akanga avarura chinyorwa chaiwongorora nhau yekugovewa kweivhu munyika yeItaly. Pareto akacherechedza kuti zvikamu zvevhu makumi masere kubva muzana (80%) zvakanga zviri mumawoko echikamu chevanhu makumi maviri kubva muzana (20%).
Mutemo waPareto unoti, pakuverengwa kwemhedzisiro nezvikonzero, zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana (80%) zvemhedzisiro dzinoonekwa muzviitiko zvizhinji, zvinokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana (20%).
Zvichitodzana nemutemo uyu, kunonzi mumabhindauko chikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana (80%) chezvinotengwa chinotengwa nechikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevatengi - kureva kuti ruzhinji rwevatengi (80%) vanotenga zvjnhu zvine hukoshi hwunosvika 20%. Hapana chakakosha panhamba 80% asi kungoti ndiyo nhamba inonyanya kuwonekwa panocherechedzwa hukama hwezvikonzero nemhedzisiro pazvinhu zvizhinji.
Mimwe mienzaniso[chinja | edit source]
Zvichitodzana zvakare nemutemo uyu hanzi hukama hunotevera hwakawonekwa mumabhindauko:
- 80% yemari inobatwa (profit) inobva kuchikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevatengi
- 80% yezvichemo zvinouya zvinobva kuchikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevatengi
- 80% yenguva inomisa basa pamuchina inokonzerwa nechikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chezvinono zvinomisa basa.
- 80% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa nechitoro zvinenge zvatengeswa nechikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevashandi vanotengesa.
Njodzi kumabasa[chinja | edit source]
Mutemo waPareto unoshandiswa muhushangazhi kunongedza njodzi dzinonyanya kukonzera kuti vashandi vasangane netsaona pabasa. Kuchitevedzwa mutemo uyu zvinoreva kuti chikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chenjodzi chinokonzera tsaona dziri pachikamu chemakumi masere kubva muzana (80%). Saka vanodzidzisa zvokudzivirira tsaona pabasa vanonangana nokurwisa chikamu che 20% chenjodzi idzi dzinokonzera chikamu chetsaona chiri pa 80%. Izvi zvinorevawo kuti vanodzivirira tsaona vakasacherechedza njodzi dzinokonzera 80% yetsaona, vakangoti toita chero, zvichakaro itika ndezvekuti vacharwisana nechikamu chemakumi masere (80%) chenjodzi dzinokonzera tsaona dziri pachikamu chemakumi maviri (20%). Uku kureva kuti nguva nemari inoshnda pasina shanduko huru inobudapo.
Asi kana nguva nemari zvikashanda kurwisana nechikamu chemakumi maviri (20%) chenjodzi chinokonzera tsaona dziri pachikamu chemakumi masere (80%), panokwanisa kuwonekwa shanduko yakakura mukuderera kwetsaona.
Hupfumi Pasirose[chinja | edit source]
Hanzi nyanzvi dzezvehupfumi dzakavarura gwaro mugore ra 1992 raitaura kuti chikamu che 82.7% chemari inotambirwa Pasirose inotambirwa nevanhu vane huwandu hwechikamu che 20% yevanhu vari Pasirose.


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Doro
Doro (Beer) chinwiwa chinogadzirwa nokuviriswa kwezvirimwa kuchishandiswa mbiriso. Doro rinodhaka kana rikanwiwa rakawanda uye harina kunaka kuhutano kana richinwiwa rakawandisa.
Mamwe mazita edoro anonzi hwahwa, mhamba, mupeta uye kune mhando dzaka siyana siyana dzinoti, masese, kachasu, kangopisa ne doro rechi Rungu. MuZimbabwe doro rechirungu rinogadzirwa neNational Breweries, masese achi gadzirwa ne Chibuku Breweries uye nema kanzuru ne Afdis inogadzira kangopisa.
Kubatwa nedoro[chinja | edit source]
Kune matanho akasiyana ekubatwa nedoro zvichienderana nehuwandu uye mhando yedoro ranwiwa, uye vanhu vanodhakwa nehuwandu hwedoro hwakasiyana.
Kana munhu anwa doro anotanga kudhakwa doro richinge rawanda mumuviri. Kudhakwa kazhinji kunoonekwa nematauriro anenge oita munhu imwe nguva nyadzi dzapera otaura zvinhu asingawanzo kutaura kana doro risati ramubata.
Vamwe vatauri vanoti kudzandiwa vachireva kudhakwa asi pano tichati kudzandiwa kunodarika kudhakwa. Apa doro rinenge rabata muviri nepfungwa dzomunhu zvinodarika mwero wekunzi kudhakwa. Apa munhu anenge asisagone zvinhu zviri nyore sokufamba kana kumira.
Vamwewo vanoti kukorewa nedoro; asi pano tichati kukorewa doro rinenge rabata zvinodarika kudhaka nokudzandiwa. Apa doro rinenge romurwarisa munhu nokuwanda kwaro - iyi ndiyo inonzi intoxication kuEnglish.
Munhu anodhakwa kana kuti kuraradza anonzi chidhakwa kana kuti chiradza.


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Mukaka
Mukaka (milk in English) inowanikwa pamhuka dziri pamupanda wedzinoyamwisa. Mukaka unodyiwa nevanhu unokamwa pamombe kana pambudzi. Mombe inokamiwa mukaka panguva yokunge iine mhuru.
Zvinogadzirwa neMukaka[chinja | edit source]
Mukaka unogadziriswa zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosanganisira: yoghurt; cheese; butter; ice cream; milk chocolate nezvimwe zvinwiwa nzvekubikisa.
Kana mukaka uchinge wakodzekwa unoita ruwomba pasi pacho paine mutuvi kana kuti mvura. Ruwomba runoshandiswa ruchidyiwa rwakadaro kana kugadzira butter, cheese nezvimwewo.
Mukaka WaAmai[chinja | edit source]
Munhukadzi kana asununguka mwana mazamu (breasts) anoburitsa mukaka weanonwisa mwana. Vanoita zvehutano vanokurudzira kuti mwana anwe mukaka uyu kusvika pagore nemwedzi mitanhatu nekuti mumukaka uyu munowanikwa zvese zvinodiwa pakuti mwana akure zvakanaka. Vakadzi vanosununguka vana vaine chirwere cheshuramatongo (HIV) havakurudzirwe kuyamwisa mwana nekuti vanokwanisa kutapurira hutachiwana kumwana nenzira iyi.
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
- Kurera imbwa nemukaka mangwana inofuma yokuruma.
- Mukaka uri kugabha-gabha uri muhwedza (milk pail).
- Mukaka uchangokamwa unonzi manza yemukaka - fresh milk.


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Shambira
Kushambira (swimming) zvinoreva kuyangarara pamusoro pemvura munhu achienda mberi kuburikidza nokuchayira mvura kumashure nemaoko nemakumbo. Vanhu vanoshambira munzvimbo dzinoti: rwizi, dziva, dziva rokushambira; nyanza; negungwa. Kushambira kunoitwa sekuvaraidza nguva, kutamba, kana makwikwi
Zimbabwe ine musikana akakunda kumakwikwi ePasirose anonzi Olympics. Musikana uyu anonzi Kirsty Coventry akatora menduru dze gold ne bronze pamitambo ya2008.
Tsika[chinja | edit source]
Vanoshambira vane mbatya dzavanopfeka dzakagadzirirwa kuti vasaremerwa nemvura inenge yachakwatisa mbatya. Jira rinosoneswa mbatya dzekushambira rakagadzirwa kuti risabata mvura yakawanda. Kutsika dzeVarungu zviri mavari kuti vabereki vanoshambira pamwe nevana vavo kana kuti muroora anoshambira natezvara akapfeka mbatya dzokushambira.
Kuno kuAfrica vanhu Vatema vashoma vanoshambira zvikurusei kune vakura kana vakaroorana. Hachisi chinhu chinotariswa mune zvakanaka kuti mubereki anoshambira pamwe nemwana kana kuti muroora natezvara. Kune zvizvarwa zveZimbabwe zvagara kumhiri kwemakungwa kuEurope, USA neAustralia yave tsika yave kuonekwa kuti vabereki vanoshambira nevana vavo; izvi zvichitevedzawo tsika nemitemo yenyika idzodzo.
Kunyika idzi vanoda kuti mwana ari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri ave nemukuru anomutarira kana ari mudziva rokushambira. Kazhinji zhinji mubereki ndiye anotora danho irori rokuva mutariri wevana vake. Zvisineiwo zvinotaridza kuti vanhu vechizvarwa cheZimbabwe vanokasira kutorawo tsika dzekunyika dzavakatamira - kusiri kunzi maitiro aya akashata kana kururama.


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Muravanegumi
Muchidzidzo masvomhu, muravanegumi (decimal system in English) zvinoreva tsika inotevedzwa yokuverenga nokunyora nhamba kuchishandiswa gumi sehwaro hwekuverenga nhamba. Patsika iyi panoshandiswa mavara gumi anoti: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 kuratidza huwandu chero hupi hunoverengeka. Apa nhamba dzinenge dzakarongwa nenzira yokuti dzinokwanisa kufananidzwa negumi kana kuti nezvitsama zvegumi. Pamaverengero anoitwa nhamba paChiShona tinoona nhamba dzakarongwa sezvizvi:
- Pamawoko edu maviri tinokwanisa kuverenga kusvika pana gumi. Zvichienda mberi tinenge towumba nhamba zvichibva pana gumi. Nhamba inotevera gumi (10) inodanwa kunzi gumi nerimwe (11), kwouya gumi nembiri (12), gumi nenhatu (13), gumi nemana (14), zvichingodaro.
- Zvimwechetezvo tikaverenga minwe yemawoko kaviri tinosvika pana makumi maviri (20). Zvadaro kunenge kwotevera, makumi maviri nerimwe (21), makumi maviri nembiri (22), makumi maviri nenhatu, zvichingoenda zvakadaro.
- Tikaramba tichienda tinosvika pamakumi gumi anodanwa kunzi zana.
- Tsama remakumi zana rinonzi chiuru, zvichingodaro.
Saka pano taona kuti gumi ndihwo hwaro hunoshandiswa pakuwumba tsika yatinoshandisa kuverenga nokunyora nhamba. Tsika iyi yokuverenga negumi inoshandiswa munyika dzose Pasirose asi haiziri iyo yoga tsika inoshandiswa kuverenga nhamba. Kare-kare vagari veBabylon vaishandisa makumi matanhatu sehwaro pakuverenga nhamba. Pari nhasi macomputer anoshandisa tsika yemuravanembiri (binary system) inova inotora nhamba dzinoti 0 na 1 dzoga.
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Kupiwa kwezita[chinja | edit source]
Shoko reEnglish rokuti decimal rinoreva kuti Pertaining to tens or proceeding in tens. Apa ndipo paturikirwa kuti kuChiShona kunzi kuravanegumi nokuti marongerwo enhamba kana dzichiverengwa dzinotevedza gumi nezvitsama zvegumi.
Nokumwe kutaura tsika inoshandiswa pamuravanegumi ingadzi rugumidzira, kana toshandura kuEnglish zvoreva kuti – ‘’following tens or by way of ten’’.
Manyorerwo eNhamba[chinja | edit source]
Pamuravanegumi nhamba dzinonyorwa kuchishandiswa mavara gumi akasiyana anoti: 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Panotangwa kuverengwa nhamba mavara aya anodanwa akatevedzana saizvozvi. Mushure ma 9 hakuchina rimwe vara rakasiyana. Panhamba inotevera panowedzerwa chimwe chinzvimbo mavara otanga kuchidzokorora. Saka panhamba inotevera 9 panonyorwa pachitsvetwa 1 achiteverwa na 0 kuti pave nenhamba inonzi 10.
Tsika yokuronga nhamba muzvinzvimbo zvakasiyana tichaidana kuti tsika yezvinzvimbo zvenhamba - positional numeral system. Tsika iyi inopa vara huhombe hwakasiyana zvichienderana nokuti vara ratsvetwa pachinzvimbo chipi. Kana vara 1 riri panzvimbo yokutanga anomirira huwandu hwechinhu chimwe. Kana vara 1 riri pachinzvimbo chechipiri anomirira huwandu hwezvinhu gumi, apa nzvimbo yokutanga inenge yakanyorwa vara 0. Panokwidzwa nhamba kamwe nzvimbo yokutanga kuruboshwe inoshandurwa kuenda pana 1 kuti nhamba ichiva 11; izvi zvoreva kuti pava negumi nerimwe.
Huhombe wenzvimbo paMuravanegumi[chinja | edit source]
Zvinzvimbo zviri paMuravanegumi zvinomirira huhombe hwakasiyana; hazvinei kuti vara riri pazvinzvimbo izvi ringange riri rakafanana. Huhombe uhwu hunotaridzwa nemuradanuro wa 10 nepawa rinokura zvichienda kuruboshwe. Somuenzaniso kana nhamba 3523 ichipenengurwa inonyorwa sezvizvi:
- .
Izvi zvinoreva kuti 3 ari panzvimbo yekutanga kurudyi anomirira huwandu hwechinhu chimwe. Mumwe 3 ari pachinzvimbo chechina kubva kurudyi anomirira huwandu hwezviuru zvitatu.
Nzvimbo dzenhamba idzi dzinopiwa mazita adzo sezvizvi:
- 101 inonzi Makumi, Tens ku English.
- 102 inonzi Mazana, Hundreds ku English.
- 103 inonzi Zviuru, Thousands ku English.
- 104 inonzi Makumi reZviuru, Ten Thousands ku English.
- 105 inonzi Zana reZviuru, Hundred Thousands ku English.
- 106 inonzi Miliyoni, Million ku English.
- 107 inonzi Makumi eMiliyoni, Tens of Millions ku English.
- 108 inonzi Mazana eMiliyoni, Million ku English.
Zvakafanira kuti tinoensane kuti marongerwo akaitwa mapawa agumi pamusoro, kana onyorwa senhamba anenge akarongeka achibva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe. Shoko rokuti zvibodzi rashaniswa kuturikira units rinobva kuchiKorekore; chibodzi rinoreva chimwe (1), pakuwanda konzi zvibodzi.
Tichitarisa chero ipi tsika inoshandisa hwaro -b, tinoona ine mavara ane huwandu b, uye nhamba
(Zvakakosha tionesane kuti anomirira kutevedzana pamarongerwo emavara, kwete rutsamo)
Dimbu paMuravanegumi[chinja | edit source]
Shoko rokuti dimbu reMuravanegumi (decimal fraction) rinoreva dimbu rine dumazita rinonyorwa ari gumi ari kuradanurwa nepawa rakakodzera. Dimbu reMuravanegumi rinopangidzwa kuchinyorwa koma kuruboshwe kwemberengi; kana zvadai dumazita rinenge risisanyorwe. Ana zero vanotsvetwa pakati pekoma nemberengi kana zvakakodzera kuti nhamba dzemberengi (numerator) dzigonyorwa panzvimbo yakakodzera.
Ngatitarisei somuenzaniso zvidimbu zvinotevera: 8/10, 83/100, 83/1000, and 8/10000; kana zvoshandurwa kupinda paMuravanegumi zvinonyorwa sezvizvi: 0.8, 0.83, 0.083, and 0.0008.
Mazita ezvidimbu paMuravanegumi[chinja | edit source]
Nhamba dziri kurudyi kwapoyindi paMuravanegumi dzinopihwawo mazita sezvizvi:
- 10-2 kana 1/100 inonzi Chezana, Hundredths ku English.
- 10-3 kana 1/1,000 inonzi chechiuru, Thousandths ku English.
- 10-4 kana 1/10,000 inonzi chegumi rechiuru, Ten Thousandths ku English.
- 10-5 kana 1/100,000 inonzi Chezana rechiuru, Hundred Thousandths ku English.
- 10-6 kana 1/1,000,000 inonzi cheMiliyoni, Millionth ku English.


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Kamba dzenhapwa
Shoko rokuti kamba dzenhapwa (Concentration camp kuChirungu) rinoreva kamba dzinotenherwa vanhu nenzira yekumanikidzwa uye zvisiri pamitemo yakaysarukana. Kazhinji vanhu ava vachigara zvisina kusununguka munzvimbo dzisina kutsvinda uye dzisina kudya kwakakwana. Magariro emukamba dzenhapwa haagamuchirike pamberi pemutemo wenyika zhinji nokuti vanhu vakatapwa havana mukana wekuva nemumiriri pamberi pedare remhosva. Nokumwe kutaura idzi ikamba dzevakokorodzwa vasina mhaka pamberi pemitemo yenyika, chikonzero chekusungwa chiri: ruvengo, rusarurarudzi, rusaruraganda kana imwewo mhando yerusaruraboka.
Munguva yaitonga bato reNazi kuGermany, nyika iyi yakavaka kamba dzenhapwa zhinji dzaitenherwa vanhu vanosanganisira maJudah, vaRomani nengochani. Kamba dzevatapwa dzekutanga dzakavakwa muGermany pakagadzwa Adolf Hitler kuva mutungamiri wehurumende yeGermany muna ndira wa1933. Kamba idzi dzaitenherwa vainzi vavengi vebato reNazi uye vatungamiri vemasangano evashandi; pakupera kwegore 1933 kamba idzi dzakanga dzave nevasungwa 45,000 uye huwandu hwakakura mushure mekupiswa kwakaitwa dare reReich mugorero.


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Libya
Libya inyika iri kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica. Nyika yeLibya yakakombwa negungwa Mediterranean riri kumaodzanyemba, Egypt iri kumabvazuva, Sudan iri kumabvazuva kwadziva kuchambembe, Chad neNiger dziri kuchamhembe, uye Algeria neTunisia dziri kumadokero. Nyika yeLibya ndiyo yegumi nenomwe pahukuru kwenharaunda; Libya ine nharaunda yakakura mamiriyoni 1.8 eskweya rekiromita.
Gutaguru reLibya rinonzi Tripoli rine hugari hwevanhu mamiriyoni 1.7 nyika yese ine hugari hwevanhu mamiriyoni 6.4 chete. Pahupfumi hwemandayebwe Libya ndiyo yegumi (10th) pahupfumi hunozivikanwa, uye ndiyo yegumi nenomwe pakuburitsa mandayebwe.


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Kupishinuka kwemishonga
Kupishinuka kwemishonga (chemical reaction, change of form, state or attitude) zvinoreva kushanduka kunoita kuringaniswa nekubatanidzwa kwakaitwa hatomu dziri pamishonga. Kupishinuka kwemishonga kunoonekwa kana chimwe chezvinotevera chaitika:
- Mishonga yasanganiswa,
- Hujoto hwakwira kana kudzika,
- Puresha yakwira kana kudzika.
- Hutapiri hwemushonga kana huchinge hwakwira kana kudzika.
Shoko rokuti kupishinuka rinotaura kushanduka kwechimiro chemushonga kuburikidza nekushanduka kunenge kuchiitika pane zvakakomberedza mushonga. Zvakafanira parizvino kuonesana kuti mushonga uri pamhene pane mhepo uri kutosangana nemhepo ipapo panosangana mhepo nemushonga. Muchidzidzo chezvemishonga mhepo itori mushonga une magasi akasiyana-siyana. Saka kana mushonga uyu uchikwanisa kuita muvandu nemhepo unototanga kuita. Zvakafanana ne iron iri pane mhepo nemvura inotanga kuita ngura.
Rheti yeKupishinuka kweMishonga[chinja | edit source]
Kupishinuka kwemishonga kunokwanisa kuitika nokukasira kana kunoitika kuchinonoka zvichienderana: nemishonga yacho yasanganiswa; uye kuti mishonga iri pahujoto hwakadii nemutsindo wakadii.
Somuenzaniso gasi rinonzi oxygen rikasanganiswa negasi rinonzi hydrogen pahujoto 100oC nemutsindo 1 atmosphere, panoitika bishinuko rinoburitsa mvura; Kupishinuka uku kunoitika nokukasira kwakanyanya. Pakupishinuka uku panonzwikwa kuputika.
Panoita iron ngura inenge yasangana nemvura – kuvanduka uku kunoitika kuchinonoka nenzira isina kuputika.
Pano pari kuumbwa mazwi matsva anokwanisa kuzoshandurwa kana mutauro wedu wokura. Chikumbiriso kuti musashandura kana musingaunze shoko idzva. Tarisai nhasi English inodana kukwata kwemabwe kuti volcano zvichibva pazita ramwari wemaRoman weMoto nemarimi emoto. Zita iroro rakapfumbira kusvika nanhasi kunyangwe ruzivo rwavepo rwokuti "volcano" hainei nechekuita na"Vulcan" mwari wemaGreek.


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Ungada here kuverenga nyaya ino mumutauro we%%?
Hongu
Kwete
Sei Muchinzi Zvapupu zvaJehovha?
Jehovha izita raMwari rinowanika muBhaibheri. (Eksodho 6:3; Pisarema 83:18) Chapupu munhu anotaura maonero kana kuti chokwadi zvaane chivimbo nacho.
Saka zita redu rokuti Zvapupu zvaJehovha rinoita kuti tizivikanwe seboka revaKristu vanozivisa chokwadi nezvaJehovha, Musiki wezvinhu zvose. (Zvakazarurwa 4:11) Tinoparidzira vamwe nemararamiro atinoita uye nokuvaudza zvatinenge tadzidza muBhaibheri.—Isaya 43:10-12; 1 Petro 2:12
© 2014 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania.
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NYAYA IRI PAKAVHA
Hondo Yakachinja Nyika Yose
Makore 100 akapfuura, varume vechidiki vanosvika mamiriyoni vakasiya misha yavo vachienda kuhondo. Vakaenda nechido, zvichikonzerwa nemaonero akanga apararira okuti munhu ade nyika yake. Mumwe murume wokuAmerica uyo akazvipira kuenda kuhondo muna 1914 akanyora kuti, “Ndiri kufara zvikuru ndichifunga nezvemazuva akanaka ari mberi.”
Asi pasina nguva mufaro wavo wakachinja ukava kusuwa. Hapana akanga ambofanoona kuti mauto akakura iwayo aizotambura kwemakore muBelgium uye muFrance. Panguva iyoyo, vanhu vakawanda vakaishevedza kuti “Hondo Huru.” Mazuva ano tava kuiziva sehondo yenyika yokutanga.
Hondo yenyika yokutanga yakanga yakakura zvechokwadi kana tichitaura nezvevanhu vakaurayiwa uye vakakuvara muhondo yacho. Vamwe vanofungidzira kuti vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 10 vakafa uye vanenge mamiriyoni 20 vakakuvara zvakaipisisa. Zvakakonzerwawo nezvikanganiso zvakakura. Vakuru vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika vekuEurope vakatadza kumisa kusawirirana kwenyika dzakasiyana-siyana kuti kusazopedzisira kwava kusawirirana kwenyika yose. Chimwewo chokwadi chingangodaro chichinyanya kukosha ndechekuti “Hondo Huru” yakasiya mavanga asingadzimiki panyika. Yakachinja nyika zvokuti nanhasi tichiri kuona zvayakakonzera.
ZVIKANGANISO ZVAKAITA KUTI VANHU VASAVIMBA NEVAMWE VANHU
Hondo yenyika yokutanga yakaitika pamusana pevanhu vasina kutanga vanyatsofunga. Bhuku rinonzi The Fall of the Dynasties—The Collapse of the Old Order 1905-1922, rinotsanangura kuti vatungamiriri vekuEurope vakaita zvisarudzo vasingazivi kuti zvaizoguma nedambudziko munyika yose muchirimo cha1914.
Kuurayirwa chigaro kwakaitwa mumwe mutungamiriri wekuAustria kwakaita kuti muvhiki shoma, nyika dzose dzaiva nemasimba akakura kuEurope dzipinde muhondo yadzaisada. Mazuva mashoma hondo yacho yatanga, mutungamiriri wehurumende yokuGermany akabvunzwa kuti, “Zvakamboitika sei?” Akapindura akasuwa kuti, “Aa, dai paine akazviziva.”
Vatungamiriri vakaita zvisarudzo zvakazoita kuti hondo itange vakanga vasina kana karuzivo zvako kezvaizopedzisira zvaitika. Asi pasina nguva refu masoja airwa hondo achihwanda mumakomba akazonyatsoona chokwadi chaicho. Vakaona kuti vatungamiriri vavo vezvematongerwo enyika vakanga vavabatisa pasi, vatungamiriri vavo vezvitendero vakanga vavanyengedza, uye vatungamiriri vavo vehondo vakanga vavarasisa. Sei?
Vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika vakavimbisa kuti hondo yacho yaizoita kuti pave nenyika itsva iri nani. Mutungamiriri wehurumende yekuGermany akazivisa kuti: “Tiri kurwira zvinhu zvatakashandira kuine runyararo, tsika nemagariro zvakabva kumadzitateguru edu uye remangwana redu.” Purezidhendi wokuAmerica ainzi Woodrow Wilson akatanga kutaura mashoko esirogani yakakurumbira yaivimbisa vanhu kuti hondo yaizoita “kuti nyika yose ive nehurumende dzegutsaruzhinji.” Uye kuBritain, vanhu vaifunga kuti yaizova “hondo yokupedza hondo.” Vose vakanga vakarasika.
Vatungamiriri vezvitendero vakanyatsotsigira hondo. Bhuku rinonzi The Columbia History of the World rinoti, “Vatungamiriri vezvitendero avo vaitofanira kunge vachiparidza shoko raMwari vakakurudzira vanhu kuenda kuhondo. Hondo yakaita kuti pave neruvengo rukuru.” Uye vatungamiriri vezvitendero vakatofutidza moto weruvengo panzvimbo pekuudzima. Bhuku rinonzi A History of Christianity rinoti, “Vatungamiriri vezvitendero vaikundikana, kana kuti kakawanda kacho vakanga vasingadi kukoshesa zvavaitenda sevaKristu kupfuura kukoshesa kwavaiita nyika dzavo.” Vakawanda vaiita zvavaiona sezviri nyore uye vaifunga kuti chiKristu uye kuda nyika dzavo zvaidyidzana chaizvo. Masoja echiKristu emachechi ose akakurudzirwa kuurayana muzita roMuponesi wavo.”
Vatungamiriri vehondo vakavimbisa kuti vaizokunda nokukurumidza uye zviri nyore, asi hazvina kuita saizvozvo. Pasina nguva, mauto airwisana akava panguva yakaoma, vachingourayana pasina divi raikunda. Pashure pacho, mamiriyoni emasoja akatarisana “nenguva ingangodaro iriyo yakaoma zvikuru uye yaiitwa utsinye hwakakura hwati hwambotsungirirwa nevanhu,” maererano nezvakataurwa nemumwe munyori wenhoroondo. Pasinei nekuti vanhu vakawanda zvikuru vakafa, vatungamiriri vehondo vakaramba vachitumira vanhu vavo kuti vaurayiwe nevavengi. Hazvishamisi kuti masoja akawanda akatanga kupandukira vatungamiriri vawo achiramba kuteerera.
Hondo yenyika yokutanga yakaita kuti vanhu vaite sei? Rimwe bhuku renhoroondo rine mashoko akataurwa nemumwe akarwa muhondo yacho, achiti: “Hondo yacho . . . yakavhiringidza mafungiro uye maitiro evanhu.” Zvechokwadi, hondo iyoyo yakaita kuti umambo hwakasiyana-siyana huparare. Aya ndiwo akava mavambo ezana remakore rakaurayiwa vanhu vakawandisa zvikuru kupfuura mamwe ose. Zvakatoita sokuti kwose kwose hurumende dzaichinjwa uye vanhu vairatidzira.
Nei hondo yakaita kuti zvinhu zviite manyama amire nerongo munyika yose? Yaingova tsaonawo zvayo yakakura here? Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi dzine zvadzinoratidza nezveramangwana here?


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Cameroon
Cameroon inyika iri muAfrica iri kumadokero kweDunhu rePakati peAfrica.
Nyika dzakakomberedza Camerron dzinoti: Nigeria kumadokero; Chad kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva; Central African Republic kumabvazuva; nekuchamhembe kune Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, neRepublic of the Congo. Cameroon ine zita remadunhurirwa rokuti Africa doko nokuda kwehuwandu hwevanhu vakasiyana tsika nemagariro uye uwandu hwezvishongo zveketanyika. Nyika iyi yakashongedzwa nezvinoti: makomo, masango anonaya mvura; makura uye magwenga. Nzvimbo iri pakanyanya kukwirira ndiro Gomo reCameroon riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Maguta makurusa ndiwo anoti Douala, Yaoundé neGaroua. Cameroon ine mapoka endimi dzinotaurwa anodarika 200.
Nyika iyi inozivikanwa nokuda kwemhando yayo yemimhanzi kunyanya makossa nebikutsi uye chikwata chenhabvu chine mukurumbira wekugona nhabvu. French neEnglish ndiyo mitauro yekumahofisi.


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Hondo yePasirose yeChipiri
Hondo yePasirose yeChipiri (HP2) , World War Two kuChirungu (WW2) kana kuti Hondo yaHitler yaiva hondo dandiranyika yakarwiwa nenyika zhinji dzePasirose kuvamba mugore 1939 ichizopera mugore 1945. Hondo iyi yakarwiwa nehuzhinji hwenyika dziri Pasirose, kusanganisira mhitsa dzehondo - super-powers. Pakuguma kwazvo nyika kwakanga kwave nemapoka echirwirangwe muhondo, ari mapoka maviri aipokana nekurwisana. Hakuna hondo Pasirose yambotekeshera matunhu sehondo iyi, yakarwiwa nevarwi vemawuto vanosvika mamirioni zana (100 million) vaibva kunyika dzinodarika makumi matatu (30). Munguva iyi nyika dzakanga dziri muhondo dzakunga simba rose rehupumi, dzidzo yeScience, uye hushangazhi hwadzo kuti hushandire hondo iyi. Musiyano pakanga pasisina pakati pemawuto nevanhuwo zvavoakanga nokuti vose vakanga voita shishi nebamba rose kuti vatsigire nyika dzavo pakukunda hondo iyi.
Vanhu vazhinji vakafa muhondo iyi kusanganisira vazhinji verudzi rwaIsrael vakaurayiwa naAdolf Hitler muhuipi hunodanwa kunzi rutsvamhumburu rwemaJudah - (Holocaust). Vanhu vakafa muhondo iyi vanofungidzirwa kusvika 50-70 miriyoni. Nhamba yevanhu vakafa iyi inoita kuti hondo iyi ive ndiyo hondo yakaipisa parufu rwevanhu munhoroondo yePasirose.


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Dumba
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, dumba (Pyramid kuEnglish) chivakwa chine zviso zvese zvokunze (tisingaverenge hwaro) zvakaumbwa kuita gonyonhatu uye zviso izvi zvichinosangana pachimiso chiri pachisuvi. Hwaro hwedumba hunogona kunge hwakaumbwa kuva chero ipi zvayo gonyozhinji (polygon). Izvi zvinoreva kuti dumba rine zviso zvakaumbwa kuva gonyonhatu zvinoverengwa kuva zvitatu kana kuraudza. Dumba reSkweya ndiro rinowonekwa kazhinji.
Kupiwa kwezita[chinja | edit source]
Shoko rokuti dumba rinotoredzera kubva pachiumbwa chinoonekwa kana tichitema mashanga echigabe nokuamisa kuita matumba. Kune matumba ariko nhasi kunyika yeEgypt ayo akavakwa kuti ave nzvimbo yaivigwa anaPharoah madzimambo eEgypt. Dumba ratinoona pakuwunganidza mashanga echibage harifanane kuti gedye-gedye nematumba ari kuEgypt; iri zita rapiwa nokuti ndiro riri pedyo pakucherechedza kuumbwa kwakaitwa dumba
Mhando dzeDumba[chinja | edit source]
Tiri muchidzidzo Kupimanyika, kune marudzi ematumba anodanwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nechiumbwa chiri pahwaro hwedumba racho. Sokuti kune: dumba regonyonhanhatu (hexagonal pyramid); kwoita dumba reSkweya (square based pyramid); dumba regonyonhatu (triangular pyramid); dumba regonyoina tsazamakonyo (rectangular pyramid), zvichingodaro.
Bibliography[chinja | edit source]
- Wolfgang Kosack: Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte. In neuer deutscher Uebersetzung; vollständig bearbeitet und herausgegeben von Wolfgang Kosack. Christoph Brunner, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-9524018-1-1.