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Zviperengo zvehuwandu
Zviperengo Zvehuwandu: izwi zviperengo zvinoshandiswa kumirira huwandu muzvinyogwa.
Ngatitangei nezviperengo zvehuwandu:
0 = zero kana kuti chipasina (iri ishoko idzva rinoreva chiperengo 0)
1 = motsi (imwe)
2 = piri (mbiri)
3 = tatu (nhatu)
4 = china (zvina)
5 = shanu (zvishanu)
6 = tanhatu (nhanhatu)
7 = nomwe
8 = sere
9 = pfumbamwe
10= gumi
100 = zana, iri riri gumi raka gumirana
1,000 = chiuru, ichi chiri gumi ramazana
10,000 = Zviuru gumi kana kuti mazazanana awa ari mazana akazanirana
100,000= Zviuru zana kana kuti zviuru zana kana kuti zana rezviuru (zvuru zana)
1,000,000 = miriyoni kana kuti churuzvuru zvichireva chiuru chezviuru
Muenzaniso:
347 = mazana matatu anemakumi mana nenomwe
431,257,698 = Mazana mana ane makumi matatu nechimwe echuru chezviuru, zvine mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu anezvinomwe zvezviuru, zvine mazana matanhatu ane makumi mapfumbabwe nesere. Mamiriyoni mazana mana ane makumi matatu neimwe, zviuru mazana maviri ane makumi mashanu nenomwe, mazana matanhatu ane makumi mapfumbamwe nesere.
[chinja] Kurerutsa Mutauro
(Pfungwa neyambiro zvakanyogwa pano zvaida kunyogwa kuHurukuro nokuti zvinoda vamwe tese tinyorewo pfugwa nemazano zveduwo. Pfungwa dzevanyori nemazano avanopanana hazvifaniri kunge zviri mukati megwaro rino nokuti hazvisi mumusoro wenyaya yegwaro rino. Gwaro rino rinofanira kunyogwa pamusoro peZviperengo Zvohuwandu chete chete kwete mazano nekupana pfungwa kwevanyori.)
Zvakafanira kuti pave nokupfupisa manyorerwo enhamba kuti usava murabaraba wemashoko. Imwe yenzira ingatevedzwa kubvisa mashoko anotaura pahuzhinji sokuti nokubatanidza mashoko ari kutaura nhamba imwe. Sokuti panzvimbo pokuti makumi matatu poshandurwa kuti guminhatu; panoti mazana maviri pomira pakati zanambiri. Hongu zvinoita sokunge zvabuda pamatauriro emazuvaose asi zvinobatsira kupfupisa.
Cherechedzai zvakare kuti ana koma vanotsvetwa mushure menzvimbo nhatu dzega-dzega zvichibva kurudyi kuti nhamba ireruke kuverenga. Pakati pezvibodzi nezvikamu panotsvetwa poyindi. Pakunyora zvakara panotsvetwa koma anotaridza kuti pave kutaurwa nhamba dziri pakati pakoma. Ngatitarisei muenzaniso 431,257,698 nokunyora kwemazuvaose, kunyora kunopfupisa, manyorero kuEnglish sezvizvi:
- Miriyoni mazana mana ane makumi matatu neimwe, zviuru mazana maviri ane makumi mashanu nenomwe, mazana matanhatu ane makumi mapfumbamwe nesere
- Miriyoni zanaina guminhatu neimwe, zviuru zanambiri gumishanu nenomwe, zana nhanhatu gumipfumbamwe nesere.
[chinja] Chiperengo chinomirira pasina zvinhu (0)
Chiperengo ichi, 0, chinomirira kusavapo kwechinhu.
Chi Vanhu changa shisina shoko rinoreva chiperengo 0.
Chipasina kana kuti chishaiwe/shaikwe mashoko anga shandiswe here?


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Denderedzwa
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, denderedzwa (circle kuEnglish) chiumbwa chine munyonya wakavharika panzvimbo dzose uye munyonga une nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose zvichibva pakati (centre) redenderedzwa racho. Nhambwe kubva pakati kusvika nemuganhu wedenderedzwa inodanwa kunzi taramunyongo, (radius kuEnglish).
Bandiko (Sector) - iri izwi rinoreva nzvimbo iri pakati pemutaro miviri (radii) yakanyorwa kubva pakati pedenderedzwa kuenda pazvimiso zviviri zvakasiyana zviri pamuganhu wedenderedzwa.
[chinja] Nhambwe yemuganhu wedenderedzwa
Muganhu we denderedzwa une nhambwe inopiwa netsazaniso inoti
Pimamuganhu, P = 2πR = πD
Apa π igovano yePimamuganhu neDiameter yeDenderedzwa, R ndiyo taramunyongo yedenderedzwa, D ndiyo Diamater yedenderedzwa. Govano inonzi π, inoda kuyenzana na (22/7) kana kuti 3.14159 nekumwe kunyora.
[chinja] Nharaunda yeDenderedzwa
Nharaunda rwuri mukati medenderedzwa runowanikwa netsazaniso inoti:
Nharaunda, A = πR2 = (πD4)/4

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Gonyoina sambamba
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, gonyoina sambamba (Parallelogram) chiumbwa chine mativi mana - mativi maviri akati sambamba anenge akaenzana - uye gonyo mbiri dzakatarisana dzinenge dzakaenzana. Zvimwe zvinoonekwa ndezvekuti guramakonyo mbiri dzinochekana kuita zvikamu zviviri zvine nhambwe dzakaenzana.
[chinja] Mhando dzegonyoina Sambamba
Zviumbwa zviri pamupanda wegonyoina sambamba zvinosanganisira: tsazano; gonyoina tsazamativi uye gonyoina tsazamakonyo.
Skweya (Square) iri shoko rinoreva chiumbwa chine mativi mana ose akaenzana negonyo ina dzose dzakaenzana. Skweya iri pamupanda wegonyoina.
gonyoina tsazamativi (Rhombus) - iri izwi rinoreva gonyoina rine mativi akaenzana nhambwe. gonyo dzakatarisana dzemukati dzinenge dzakaenzana zvakare. Chiumbwa ichi chine madanhamakonyo maviri anochekana negonyo re 90o. Skweya iri pamupanda wegonyoina tsazamativi zvakare.
gonyoina tsazamakonyo (Rectangle) - iri izwi rapiwa kureva chiumbwa chine makonyo mana ose akaenzana; gonyo rimwe nerimwe riine 90o. Mativi maviri akatarisana anenge akaenzana uye akati sambamba. Skweya rinogona kupinda pamupanda wechiumbwa ichi asi kazhinji tinosarudza kuti skweya rimire roga.


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Mureza weZimbabwe
Mureza weZimbabwe wakasvitswa kuvanhu mugore ra1980. Mufananidzo weshiri uri pamureza unomirira chiumbwa cheshiri inonzi hungwe chakawanikwa paMasvingo eZimbabwe - (Great Zimbabwe). Shiri iyi mucherechedzo wenhoroondo yeZimbabwe; red star iri pasi peshiri iyi inodudza zvehondo yerusununguko nerugare muZimbabwe.
- Green: Kurima nemaruwa eZimbabwe
- Yellow: hupfumi wezviwanikwa zvinocherwa muvhu reZimbabwe
- Red: ropa rakadeuka paChimurenga chekutanga nechechipiri (hondo dzerusununguko)
- Black: Nhaka nerudzi rwevanhu vatema veZimbabwe
- Gonyanhatu yeWhite: Rugare munyika yeZimbabwe
- Shiri yeZimbabwe: Hungwe ishiri yemucherechedzo wenhoroondo yeZimbabwe
- Red Star: Zvishuvo zvevana veZimbabwe zvokuva neramangwana rakanaka


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Igwa
Igwa (boat) zvinoreva mudziwo unoshandiswa kufambisa vanhu kana nhumbi nemamusoro pemvura. Magwa anonyanya kushandiswa kufamba munzizi nenyanza uye mugungwa munzvimbo dzisina mafungu akanyanya.
Mazuvano magwa anogadzirwa nesimbi kunyanya aluminium nokuda kwekuti hairemi asi anokwanisawo kugadzirwa nematanda.
Bhaibheri muna Isaiah 18:1-2 rinotaura pamusoro pevanhu vaiva kumhiri kwenzi dzeEthiopia richiti, "....inotuma nhume nenzira dzegungwa namagwa enhokwe....". Kureva kuti vanhu muAfrica vaigadzira magwa enhokwe karekare.


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Mukweso
Mukweso wemagetsi (muChirungu: electrical resistance) wechinhu chinoshanda nemagetsi zvinoreva kupikisa kwekufamba kwerufuvha rwemagetsi muchinhu ichocho. Pindukwo (inverse) yemukweso imugwinho, zvinoreva kuti zviri nyore sei kuti rufuvha rupfure muchinhu chinoshanda nemagetsi. Chiyerwo chemukweso musisitemu yezviyero yepasirose (SI) chinonzi ohm. Mugwinho hunoyerwa mumasiemens.
Chiro chine mucheko wakaenzana chine mukweso une muzasedimbu nehukweso nekureba kwechiro ichocho nemuzasedimbu wakasunama (inverse proportionality) nenhandare yemucheko wacho. Zvinhu zvese zvine mukweso wemagetsi, kunze kwemasupakondakita asina mukweso.
Mukweso (R) wechiro unodudzirwa semudida webasa paumwe hwechaji (vhoruteji) kumativi kwechiro (V) nerufuvha muchiro ichocho (I) pachiva nemugwinho (G) iri pindukwo yacho:
Kune zviro zvizhinji, V naI zvine muzasedimbu wekuteverana zvichitevera kuti R naG zvinogara zvakokonerwa (constant) (asi zvinogona kushanduka zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinhu somuenzaniso, hujoto). Muzasedimbu uyu unonzi Mutemo waOhm uye zviro zvinotevera muzasedimbu uyu zvinonzi zviro zviri ohmiki.
Mukweso wemagetsi unoyerwa neohmita (ohmmeter).
[chinja] Mikweso inogarowanikwa
[chinja] Kwakawanikwa Ruzivo
- ↑ Hukweso hwecopper i1.7×10-8Ωm. Ona [1].
- ↑ Electric power substations engineering na John Douglas McDonald, p 18-37, [2]
- ↑ [3] Kune bhatiri ritsva reEnergizer E91 AA alkaline battery, mukweso wemukati unosiyana kubva pa0.9Ω nehujoto hwe -40°C, kusvikira 0.1Ω nehujoto hwe +40°C.
- ↑ Mukweso wegirobhu re60W kuEurope (230V magetsi epaplug) inenge iri 900 ohm. Mukweso wefiramende unotemba nehujoto; manhamba aya ndeefiramende irikutopisa apa girobhu richiburitsa chiedza.
- ↑ 100,000 ohm pakubata neganda rakaoma, 1000 ohms pakubata neganda rakatota kana rakatsemuka. Zvinotembawo nezvimwe zvinhu. Wonawo: Publication No. 98-131: Worker Deaths by Electrocution. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health


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Muzasedimbu
Muchidzidzo masvomhu, izwi rokuti muzasedimbu (Proportionality in English) rinotaurwa kana huwandu hwechinhu hune hukama huri pachikamu kana kuti dimbu rohuwandu hwechimwe chepiri. Ngatitii munhu anoshanda pabasa panobhadhara $60 pazuva (8hr). Kana akashanda 6 awa anenge akafanirwa kubhadharwa $45 kana kuti (60 x 6/8) nokuti ashanda dimbu rezuva chete. Iyi ndiyo mari inoyenderana nenguva yaashanda. Akashandawo 4 awa, anenge akafanirwa kubhadharwa $30 kana kuti (60 x 4/8). Saka apa mubhadharo unopiwa semuzasedimbu wemari yepazuva rose rokubata basa (8hrs). Kutaura kwekuti muzasedimbu kunorevera kuti huwandu hwemari yabhadharwa hunofananidzwa nemari yekushanda zuva rose nedimbu rinonyorwa patsazaniso sezvizvi:
Mari yabhadharwa = (Mari yepazuva x Nguva yashandwa)/(Nguva yekushandwa pazuva) = (60 x N) x 1/(8)
Kureva kuti chikamu chezuva chinobhadharwa chichitevera chivavatara chemuzasedimbu 1/8, apa N anomirira awa dzashandwa pazuva. Munhu achinge ashanda zuva rose (8hr) anowana chikamu (8/8 = 1) chemari yepazuva, inova (60 X 1)
[chinja] Kupiwa kwezita
Shoko rokuti kuza rinoreva kuuya. Izwi iri rinowanikwa muchirevo chinoti, "Garwe haridyi chebamba charo chinoza neronga" - kuza neronga, kureva kuti chinouya makare murwizi. Mamwe mazwi anoshandisa vara rokuti kuza ndeaya anotevera:
- Muzamhindo - kureva anouya nerima (mhindo) kana anouya murima.
- Muzanarwo - zvichinyanya kureva anouya narwo rufu.
- Muzanenhamo - kureva uyo anouya nenhamo.
Kana toturikira shoko reEnglish rokuti proportion rinoreva following as portions. Kwedu kuChishona tinenge toti shoko rokuti muzasedimbu rinoreva chinouya sechidimbu chechimwe. Apa kuedza kuumba mutauro wokuti titaure zvatinoziva nokunzwisisa kare zvatakadzidza neEnglish kuti tichiisawo kumutauro wekwedu. Nokumwe kutaura tinokwanisa kudanidza kuti muzamuzvikamu.
[chinja] Mhando dzeMuzasedimbu
Muzasedimbu wekuteverana unoitika apo huwandu hwechinhu huchinge huchikura panokurawo huwandu hwechimwe chepiri. Somuenzaniso wapiwa pamusoro wokuti mari inobhadhrwa munhu inowanda nokuwandawo kuniota nguva yaashanda. Mumwe muzasedimbu wekutevmerana ungaonekwa ndewekuti chikafu chinodyiwa nevanhu pamabiko chinowanda nokuwanda kunoitawo vanhu vauya pamabiko.
Muzasedimbu wakusunama unoitika apo huwandu hwechinhu huchinge huchidzika apo panenge pachikwira huwandu hwechimwe chepiri. Somuenzaniso kana muchovha uri kuhamba kubva Harare kuenda kwaMutare, nguva inotorwa kufamba rwendo urwu inodzika apo panokwira spidhi yemuchovha. Apa tinoti spidhi nenguva yerwendo zvine muzasedimbu wakasunama. Kana pachisakurwa maricho, nguva inotorwa kusakura munda acre rimwe inodzika kana huwandu hwevanhu vari kushanda maricho huchikwira. Apa zvakare nguva yekusakura nehuwandu hwevanhu zvine muzasedimbu wakasunama.


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Jende
Jende - machende (muruzhinji), masvada. inhengo yemurume inowanikwa pasi pemboro pakati pemakumbo yakarembera. Machende anongogara ari maviri.
Machende ndiwo anogadzira hurume. Kana pasina machende munhu kana mhuka haikwanise kuberekesa.
Machende ndiwo aya anonzi muchirungu ma testicles; uye maari ndimo munogadzirwa mbeu yehubaba, unonzi uronyo kana kuti maronyo. Machende anozivikanwawo nezita rekuti makandi asi vamwe vanowanzomati matomatisi kana kuti mabhora. Murume umwe neumwe unenge ane machende maviri, asi kune varume vashoma vane jende rimwe.
Machende anogadzirawo chidenhi chinonzi testosterone chinodenha kuyaruka kwemukomana kuti ave nechimiro chemurume.
Kana jende riri rimwe rinonzi Jendekufa. Adolf Hitler aiva nejende kufa. Kana ukaita rimwe hombe kamwe kari kadiki unonzi une jendekufa zvakare.


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Mbiti
Mbiti (Otter in English) imhuka yemusango iri pamupanda wemhuka dzinoyamwisa. Mbiti inoita nguva huru iri mumvura zvakare. Mbiti iri mumhuri imwe chete nechidembo.
Mbiti inotakura pamuviri kwemazuva 86. Mbiti nzvari dzinoyaruka zvokukwanisa kuita vana dzave nemakore maviri (2) okuzvarwa, hono dzacho dzinokwanisa kuita vana dzave nemakore matatu ekuzvarwa. Kwapera mwedzi mumwe (1), mbiti yazvarwa inokwanisa kubuda mubako.
Nguva zhinji munhu anotukwa kunzi "uri mbiti" kana achinge aita zvisiri izvo, kana kuti zvinosembura.


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Gweru
Gweru (yainzi Gwelo kusvika 1982) iguta riri pakati peZimbabwe riri pamuyeramwaka nemuyeranhambo 19°25′S 29°50′E. Gweru ine vagari 146,073 (2009), zvoreva kuti ndiro guta rechitatu pahugari hwevanhu muZimbabwe. Gweru ndiro gutaguru reProvince yeMidlands. Gweru yakavambwa mugore 1894 naDr. Leander Starr Jameson. Bhanga rekutanga rakavhurwa 1896, Stock Exchange yakaveko 1898. Njanji yakasvika mugore 1902. Gweru yakava Municipality muna 1914, yakava guta muna 1971. Zita rakasandurwa kuti inzi Gweri mugore 1982.
MuGweru ndimo mune Thornhill Air Base, Zimbabwe Military Museum neAntelope Game Park. Rusvingo rweNalatale nerwe Danangombe zviri pedyo neGweru, nzvimbo idzi dzinozivikanwa nekuvakwa kwezvidziro zvine matombo akarongwa zvinoyevedza uye nemidziyo yakasiyiwa yemaPortuguese.
Mugore ra1928 mugari weGweru ainzi Mai Jean Boggie wakavakisa nharire yeBoggie Clock Tower senzira yekurangarira murume wake akanga ashaya. Nharire iyi iriko nanhasi yava chishongo chinozivikanwa chinoonekwa muGweru.
[chinja] Hushangazhi
Hushangazhi uri muGweru unosanganisira Zimbabwe Alloys, Bata Shoe Company (yakavambwa muna 1939) ne Anchor Yeast inova yega kambani inogadzira yeast muZimbabwe. Guta reGweru riri munzvimbo yakanakisa kwazvo kuchengeta mombe: kurma kunoitwa munharaunda yeguta kunotevera hushangazhi hwemombe (zvese hwemombe nemukaka). Cold Storage Commission ine nzvimbo yekuuraya mombe muGweru. Maruva anorimwawo munharaunda yeguta kuti atengeswe kudzimwe nyika.
[chinja] Hugari
Zvinofungwa kuti muGweru munova nevanhu 300,000 vanogaramo asi vanokwanisa kupfurikidza nhamba iyi sezvo vanhu vazhinji muZimbabwe vanochengeta umwe musha kumaruzevha. Nekuti inogara pakati pematunhu emaShona nemaNdevere, vanhu vakawanda muGweru vanogona kutaura zvese chiShona ne chiNdevere asi chiShona chinotaurwa nevazhinji kwozoita 30% yehugari inotaura chiNdevere.
[chinja] Dzidzo
Sisitemu yedzidzo yepuraimari nesekondari haina kushandirwa zvakanyanya mumakore apfura. Zvikoro muGweru zvinotevedza sisitemu yedzidzo yemaBhuritishi senyika yese. Vadzidzi vanopedza makore manomwe varikupuraimari nemana (O'level) kana matanhatu (A'level) varikusekondari zvichitemba nekuti vanoda kudzidzo yakaita sei. www.mygweru.com


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Masvomhu
Masvomhu (kana kuti masamhu) ishoko rinoreva ruzivo gwekuongorora kuva nemusoro kwehuwandu, mamiriro ezvinhu uye marongekero angaitwa zvinhu. Masvomhu ibumbiro reruzivo rwakananganana nendangariro dzehuwandu, maumbirwo, nzvimbo, mapindukiro uyewo nehukama hwezvese izvi. Masvomhu chikwata chezvidzidzo zvezvataugwa izvi zvinowanikwa muzvikoro.
[chinja] Gwara netariro yemberi kwatakananga
Isu, vatauri ve chi Vanhu, tichibatsirana needu makodobori ezve Masvonhu, tazvipira kuvaka chikamu chemutauro wedu chinotibatsira kudzidza, kudzidzisana, kufunga nekuongorora kuti tibudise mhinduro kumivhunzo isati yagoneka kupindugwa uyewo kubudisa pachena ruzivo gusati gwazivikamwa muzvidzidzo zve Masvomhu. Tinoda kuzogona kutaura nezvese zve Masvonhu nemutauro we chi Vanhu usina kuvhenganiswa nemashoko emimwe mitauro. Izvi zvichaoma kuti tizozviona zvichiitika asi, hongu, tichazvigona chete.
[chinja] Chinangwa
Kuti tigone kunzvera nekunyora magwaro emasvomhu mu chi Vanhu kubva kuzvikoro zvekuzasi kusvikira kuzvikoro zvekumusoro-soro kune makodobori anoongorora nezvemibvunzo isati yava nemhinduro dzekumanhepfutepfu eruzivo gwemasvomhu.
Tinoda kuzonyora mabhuku e Masvomhu nokutangisa zvidzidzo zveMasvomhu mumutauro wedu muzvikoro zvese zvekuzasi nezvekumusoro mumakore gumi anotevera.
[chinja] Zvikamu Zvedenhe Roruzivo rweMasvomhu
- Zviperengo zvehuwandu - number system
- Huwandu - arithmetic
- Pimanyika - geometry


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Judged:
2
1
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Bununu
Bununu (nude in English) zvinoreva munhu asina kupfeka mbatya. Mutsika dzenyika dzemuAfrica kusasimira chinhu chinozvidzwa uye chisingatenderwe pamitemo yenyika. Tsika zhinji dzemuAfrica dzinoti munhu akafamba asina kusimira ava kupenga kana kuti ane mamhepo. Chinhu chinoonekwa chichiratidza munyama kana kuti kutukwa pamunhu iyeye.
Kune dzimwe nyika dzekuMadokero, kuEurope, neNorth America mitemo yenyika inotendedza kuti kuve nenzvimbo dzinosangana vanhu vasian kusimira. Hazvizivikanwe kuti chinangwa chaicho chokunge vanhu vachisangana vasina kusimira ndechei.


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Jekanyika
Muchidzidzo cheJekanyika (Geodesy), nyika yakatarwa nemhando mbiri dzemitsetse. Kune mitsetse yakatarwa yakati sambamba neMutsazanisi inonzi muyeramwaka, (lattitude). Kune mitsetse yakatarwa ichibata kuNorth pole neSouth pole inonzi muyeranhambo, longitude. Mitsetse iyi inoshevedzwa nenhamba dzakarongeka. Nhamba dzemitsetse yemuyeramwaka dzinoveregwa dzichibva paMutsazanisi dzichienda kumavirira nekumadokero. Nhamba dzemitsetse yemuyeranhambo dzinoverengwa dzichibva pamutsetse weGreenwich Meridian zvichienda kuNorth pole neSouth pole. Greenwich Meridian mutsetse welongitude unopfuura pedyo neRoyal Observatory, Greenwich, kuUnited Kingdom.
Naizvozvo nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzine nhamba inotaura kuti nzvimbo iri papi mudandemutande remitsetse iyoyi. Ruzivo urwu ndirwo rwakashandiswa muhumhizha hweGPS, Geographical Position System chinova chombo chinobatsira kutaura kuti tiri papi uye kupa rudzivo (direction) rwenzvimbo yatinoda kuenda.


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Chizinganhare
Chizinganhare (cellphone) imhando yerunhare isina waya dzakabata kwairi inoshanda nemasaisai emhando rwe "radio". Nokumwe kutaura inonzi nharembozha.
Shoko rokuti chizinganhare rinotoredzera kubva pachizinga chinogadzirirwa huchi nenyuchi chine madowo ane kuumbwa kwakaita gonyanhanhatu. Kushanda kunoita chizinganhare ndekwekuti chinotambira nokupa mashoko kunharire iri pedyo. Nharire dzinopana nokutapurirana mashoko, cellphone dzotapurirana nenharire iri pedyo.
Nharire idzi (Base Stations) dzinenge dzakawanda; nharire imwe neimwe inenge iri munharaunda yayo mainotapurirana mashoko nezvizinganhare. Nharaunda dzenharire dzakarongeka nokubatana sokurongeka nokubatana kwakaita madowo ari pachizinga chehuchi hwenyuchi. Chiumbwa chenharire chakaita gonyanhanhatu nguva zhinji; "network" yobatana sezvakaita chizinga chehuchi. Saka zita rokuti chizinganhare rasarudzwa.


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Mapfunde
Mapfunde (Sorghum) imhando yehuswa hune dzimwe mhando dzinorimwa mbeu dazacho dzichidyiwa. Dzimwe mhando dzemapfunde anoshandiswa sekudya kwemombe uye mamwe anorimwa kuti ave mafuro. Dzinde iri rinokura munzvimbo dzinodziya muzviwumbe zvose asi mbeu iyi yakanga ichikura kuAfrica, Asia neMexico kubvira kare.
[chinja] Mashandisirwo
Kune mhando imwe yemapfunde yakakosha yechirimwa inoshandiswa inodyiwa sembeu, sekudya kwezvipfuyo, uye kubika doro, nokugadzira mafuta emuchovha. Mhando zhinji dzemapfunde dzinokunda kupisa uye dzinorarama munguva yeshangwa kana kuti kushomeka kwemvura. Mapfunde anoshanda sechikafu chikuru munzvimbo dzine chitsama dziri muAfrica, Central America ne South Asia.


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Chiremba
Chiremba (medical doctor in English) munhu akadzidza basa rehurapi zvikurusei akaenda kuUniversity makore mashanu zvichienda mberi. Ana chiremba vazhinji vanotanga basa vaverenga MBChB degree kana Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery.
Izwi rekuti Chiremba rakabva kurudzi revanhu vaye vanonzi Varemba (the Lemba people). Vanhu ava vaigara kunzvimbo yeGreat Zimbabwe vachibatsira pakurapa uye pakuvaka. Nhoroondo dzevaremba dzinoti vanhu ava vakabva kunyika yeIsrael, vakaenda nekuYemen, ndokuzouya kuZimbabwe nekunedzimwe nzvimbo dzakatenderedza.
Kuti "Chiremba," zvakabva pakamucheka kana kuti kashinda kanoshandiswa nevaRemba mushure mekunge vachecheudzwa. Kamucheka aka kane basa rekuti ronda rekuchecheudzwa (circumcision) rikasire kupora sezvo kachiita kuti nhengo yechirume isagumhane nemuviri.
Zita rekuti Chiremba rakazobva panhau iyoyi yekuti vaRemba vaive nembiri yekurapa.


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Gumbapamwe reMushana
Muzvidzidzo zvinoti: taranyika; jekanyika; fundoyetsimba, Gumbapamwe reMushana (Solar System), rinobatanidza zuva nenyeredzi dzinopoterera nemaboterekwa akatenderera zuva. Nyeredzi idzi dzinosanganisira mitumbi inoti: Earth; Mars; Jupiter; Pluto; Mecury; Venus; Saturn, Uranus neNeptune..
Idzi ndidzo nyeredzi dzine maboterekwa anopoterera zuva ratinoona rinobuda nokuvira panyika yatigere. Nyeredzi idzi dzinoramba dziri mumaboterekwa iwaya nokuda kwefosi inokonzerwa negunganidzo rezuva inova inokweva nyeredzi idzi kune zuva.


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Nhungu
Nhungu (Shack in English) imba inovakwa kumunda inoshandiswa pakunge munhu oda kutiza mvura inonaya, kuwana mumvuri, kana pakudya. Kazhinji chivakwa ichi chaivakwa chine denga chete pasina madziro kana kuti chiine madziro ane mapango asina kudzirwa. Vamwe vatauri kune mamwe matunhu vanodana nhungu vachiti gotekwa kana kuti dumba.
Pakutaura kwanhasi tinogona kuti imba dzinoshandiswa nana hudhu pagedhi inhungu zvakare nokuti chinangwa chikuru kuhwanda kubva kuzuva. Saka inonzi "shack" kuchirungu inenge yonzi nhungu.


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Mwaka yepaNyika
[chinja] Tsanangudzo dzemazwi anoshandiswa
Kati - iri rimwe izwi rinoreva mwaka yepanyika - season in English.
Akiso (Axis)- uyu mutsetse uri pakati pechiumbwa unoti zviri kumativi ose emutsetse iwoyu zvinenge zvakafanana nekuenzanza huremu nekuumbwa kwazvo. Takatarisana neEarth, akiso iyi ndiyo monerapo apo panoziririka Earth kamwe pamusi mumwe - izvi zvinokonzera kubuda nokudoka kwezuva. Akiso iyi mutsetse unobatananidza North pole neSouth pole. Earth inoziririka kamwe pamusi umwe ichizvimonerera paAkiso iyoyi - kamwe pa24 maawa.
Denderende (Ellipse) - iri zita rinoreva munyonga uri pamutsendo, unoonekwa panochekwa charaka zvichitevedza mutsendo nenzira inopa munyonga wakavharwa kwese (closed curve). Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutsendo wacho unocheka nenzira yokuti chiumbwa chinosara pachekwa chine munyonga chete pasina mutsetse wakati twasa; mutsendo haucheke hwaro kana chisuvi chiri pacharaka. Denderende harisi denderedzwa asi rinoda kuita sedenderedzwa rine kuumbwa kwezai.
Boterekwa, (Orbit) - iri zita rinoreva nzira inofambwa nayo neEarth apo inenge ichipoterera zuva (sun) kamwe pagore kana kuti pamisi 365. Boterekwa reEarth rine kuumbwa kwakaita denderende. Iri zita rinoshandiswawo kutsanangudza nzira dzinofambwa nedzimwe nyeredzi (planets) padzinopoterera zuva
Mutsendo (Plane, flat area) izwi rinoreva uso hwakatichechetere kunge pamusoro pemvura. Mutsendo unogonga kunge wakamiswa wakaita mutwi kana kurara kuti sandarara kana kurereka neipi zvayo gonyo. Mutsendo uso hune nzenda mbiri (2-dimensions)- hwasha nehurefu; mutsendo hauna hudzamu. Earth inoita dendera (revolves) iri pamutsendo wedenderende (elliptical plane) unocheka nepakati pezuva (sun).
Mutsazanisi (equator) mutsetse unopangidza panosangana uso hweurungano nemutsendo une goko rehuremu uye wakarurama neakiso yeurungano yacho. Kureva kuti mutsendo uyu wakaita mutwi neaksio uye kuti wakatakuraGoko rehuremu (centre of mass) yeurungano yacho. Iri zita rinoshandiswazve pakutsangudza kuumbwa kweRinopasi, (Earth). Mutsazanisi une nhambwe dzakaenzana kubva kuNorth pole ne South pole panzvimbo dzose.
North pole ndipo papoyindi panosangana uso neakiso yekuzeya yeRinopasi (Earth), kuri kuMaodzanyemba kweRinopasi, riri divi rakapesana neSouth pole. Kana takatarisa kuMabvazuva, North pole inenge yakarurama kuruboshwe.
South pole ndipo papoyindi panosangana uso neakiso yekuzeya yeRinopasi (Earth), kuri kuChamhembe kweRinopasi. Kana takatarisa kuMabvazuva, South pole inenge yakarurama kurudyi.
Muyeramwaka, (Latitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paMutsazanisi zvichienda kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi. Latitude inoverengwa ichibva paMutsazanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Muyeranhambo (Longitude) mitsetse inobatanidza nzvimbo dzine nhambwe yegonyo yakaenzana kana gonyo richipimwa kubva paPrime (Greenwich) zvichienda kuMabvazuva kana kuMadokero ePrime Meridian. Longitude inoverengwa ichibva paPrime Meridian iyo inopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelongitude inokwira zvichienda kuMabvazuva - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +180o. Nhamba yelongitude inodzika zvichenda kuMadokero, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -180o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti longitude +20o iri kuMabvazuva kwePrime Meridian; longitude -30o iri kuMadokero kwePrime Meridian.
Dendera (Revolution) izwi rinoreva kupoterera kunoita Earth ichitendera zuva. Dendera rinotanga nekuperera panzvimbo imwechete - ipapo paratangira ndipo parinogumira kuverengwa. Earth inoita dendera kamwe (1) pamazuva 365 kana kuti pagore.
[chinja] Kuzeya neDendera reEarth
Kuzeya. Shoko rokuti kuzeya kweEarth rinoreva kuziririka kunoita nyika paAkiso inobatanidza North pole neSouth pole. Earth inoita monerapo ichiziririka paAkiso iyoyi. Kana tichitarisa North pole kubva muchadenga nyika inoratidzika ichiziririka kuenda nerudzivo rwunopesana newachi - counter-clockwise. Kana kuri kuSouth pole inotaridzika ichitenderera nerudzivo rwunotevedza wachi - clockwise. Kuziririka kunoita nyika ndiko kunoita kuti kuve neusiku nemasikati; nyika inoziririka kamwe (1) panguva inoita 24 maaawa. Pane ipi zvayo nguva: hafu yenyika inenge yakataira zuva iri muchiedza ari masikati; imwe hafu inenge iri murima kudivi risiri kuwana mirazvo yezuva. Saka panyika panogara paine denderedzwa rinotara muganhu pakati perima nechiedza unonzi Denderedzwa reChiedza - Circle of Illumination.
Dendera. Shoko rokuti dendera rinoreva kupoterera kunoita Earth ichitendera zuva. Earth inoita dendera kamwe (1) pamisi 365,25. Dendera rinotanga nekuperera panzvimbo imwechete - ipapo paratangira ndipo parinogumira kuverengwa - nyika ichizotangazve kutenderera nenzira iyoyo imwechete. Nzira inotenderera nayo nyika tichaidana kuti boterekwa; nzira iyi ine kuumbwa kwedenderende kwete denderedzwa. Nokuda kwekuti boterekwa iri idenderende, nhambwe iri pakati penyika nezuva inosiyana mukufamba kwegore - asi izvi sandizvo zvinokonzera mwaka yepanyika.
[chinja] Kutsveyama kweAkiso yeEarth
Sokutaurwa kwaitwa, Earth inoita dendera (revolves) iri pamutsendo wedenderende (elliptical plane) unochekana neboterekwa rinofamba neEarth kamwe pagore. Panguva imwe chete, Earth inoita monerapo ichiziririka paAkiso inobatanidza North neSouth pole. Akiso yeEarth haina kururama pamutsendo wedenderende asi yakatsveyama negonyo re 23.5o. gonyo riri pakati pemutsendo denderende neAkiso yeEarth haichinje; Akiso inoramba yakanongedza divi rimwe uye yakatsveyama negonyo rimwe re 23.5o. Asi chinoshanduka kuti idivi ripi reAkiso riri pedyo nezuva. Divi riri pedyo nezuva rinowana mirazvo yakanyanya - iri divi ndiro rinenge riri mumwaka wekupisa, zhizha (summer), divi riri kure rinenge riri muchando (winter).
[chinja] Mazuva ekurangarira
Zuvaragodza (Solstice)
Mazuva eZuvaragodza anoitika June 20-21 neDecember 20-21.
- Pamazuva June 20-21 Earth inenge iri panzvimbo muboterekwa yokuti North pole inenge yakanongedza kuzuva yakatsveyamira kuzuva ne 23.5o. Denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti North pole haipinde murima zvokuti North pole inowana 24 maawa echiedza. Denderedzwa reChiedza rinenge rakaita muganhu palatitude 66.5oN panova ndipo panotangira Arctic Circle. Panguva imwechete, South pole inenge yakanongedza kwakapesana nezuva, denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti South pole inoramba iri murima. South pole inowana 24 maawa erima.
Pamazuva aya, nzvimbo dzose dziri kuMaodzanyemba eMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza kwemaAwa anodarika 12; nzvimbo dzose dziri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza chiri kwemahawa ari pasi pe 12. Hafu yekuMaodzanyemba inenge iri mumwaka weZhizha, hafu yekuChamhembe inenge iri mumwaka wechando.
- Pamazuva December 20-21 Earth inenge iri panzvimbo muboterekwa yokuti South pole inenge yakanongedza kuzuva yakatsveyamira kuzuva ne 23.5o. Denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti South pole haipinde murima zvokuti South pole inowana 24 maawa echiedza. Denderedzwa reChiedza rinenge rakaita muganhu palatitude 66.5oS panova ndipo panotangira Antarctic Circle. Panguva imwechete, North pole inenge yakanongedza kwakapesana nezuva, denderedzwa rechiedza rinenge riri panzvimbo yokuti North pole inoramba iri murima. Nouth pole inowana 24 maawa erima.
Pamazuva aya, nzvimbo dzose dziri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza kwemahawa anodarika 12; nzvimbo dzose dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi dzinowana chiedza chiri kwemahawa ari pasi pe 12. Hafu yekuChamhembe inenge iri mumwaka weZhizha, hafu yekuMaodzanyemba inenge iri mumwaka wechando.
Tsazahusiku Equinox
Mazuva eTsazahusiku anoitika March 20-21 neSeptember 20-21. Pamazuva aya Denderedzwa reChiedza rinocheka North pole neSouth pole - mativi ose eAkiso anenge ari hhambwe dzakafanana kubva kuzuva - hapana divi rinenge riri pedyo nezuva kudarika rimwe. Zvakare hapana divi reAkiso rinenge rakanongedza kune zuva. Pamazuva aya nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzinowana husiku hwakaenzana, hwakareba 12 maawa - saka mazuva aya achinzi Tsazahusiku- equinox.
Kubva pana March 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichireba kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - kutanga kwenguva yeChirimo (spring) kunzvimbo dziri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichiderera, kutanga kwenguva yeMatsutso (autumn) kunzvimbo idzi.
Kubva pana Sep 20-21, nguva yechiedza inoenda ichiderera kuhafu yekuMaodzanyemba - iyi inguva yemwaka we[[Matsutso] (autumn) kunzvimbo dziri ku[[Maodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi. Kunzvimbo dziri kuChamhembe, nguva yechiedza inenge ichireba, nguva yemwaka weChirimo kunzvimbo idzi.
[chinja] Latitude neLongitude muChiShona
- Muyeramwaka. Taona kuti mwaka yepanyika inosiyana zvichienderana nekusiyana kwelatitude; nokudaro pfungwa iri kuti tsambamba idzi dzidanwe kunzi Muyeramwaka mwaka muChiShona. Mwaka inenge iri kulatitude dzekuMaodzanyemba inopesana nemwaka yelatitude dzekuChamhembe. Nzvimbo dziri mulatitude dzemaTropics munova mune nyika yeZimbabwe, mwaka haiverengwe kusvika pamwaka mina. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nechiitiko chokunge zuva richiwanikwa nemurazvo une simba panguva zhinji dzegore.
Nzvimbo dziri kunze kwelatitude yeTropics dzinoverenga mwaka mina inoonekwa zvakati tsvikiti. Mwaka iyi ndiyo chando; chirimo, zhizha, matsutso inova winter, autumn, summer ne spring kuEnglish.
- Muyeranhambo. Nguva yezuva inosiyana zvichienderana nelongitude, saka zvakafanira kuti longitude inzi Muyeranhambo. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzine nguva dzakasiyana zvichienderana nelongitude yenzvimbo yacho. Kune mipanda yenguva (time-zones) yakarongeka ichitevedza rudzivo Mabvazuva-Madokero yakatarwa pamitemo yenguva Pasirose. Nguva idzi hadzizoteveri longitude kuti gedye-gedye nokuda kwekusiyana kwemitemo yenyika dzePasirose panhau yeMipanda yenguva.
Tamboona kuti longitude inoverengwa iri 0-180oE tichienda kuMabvazuva uye 0-180oW tichienda kuMadokero. Zvinoreva kuti gonyo relongitude rinohwerengedzwa kusvika pa360o. Taona zvakare kuti nyika inoziririka kutenderera kamwe pamahawa 24h - mahawa 24h anoenderana ne 360o. Panofambwa 15o yoga-yoga nguva inochinja nehawa imwe (1h).
Nyika yeZimbabwe iri murumana rwemuyeranhambo (longitude) +30oE. Pose panochinja muyeranhamo ne 15o, nguva inochinja neawa rimwe (1h). Nokudaro Zimbabwe inopiwa nguva yakawedzerwa 2h (maawa 2) zvichienzaniswa nenguva iri paPrime Meridian. Somuenzaniso kana nguva iri paPrime Meridian iri pa 06:00hrs, nguva yeZimbabwe inenge iri pa 08:00hrs. Nguva iri paPrime Meridian inonzi Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Nokumwe kutaura nguva yeZimbabwe inodanwa ichinzi GMT + 2hrs.
- Tariro ndeyekuti mifananidzo ivepo pachidzidzo chino kubatsira kunzwisisa zviri kutsanangurwa.


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Manhuchu
Takatarisana neKubika kweZimbabwe (Zimbabwean Cuisine), manhuchu (samp in English) zvinoreva chibage chinodzvurwa chigofashaidzwa kusvika chaibva.
Kana chingage chadzvurwa rukanda rwekunze rwaipuruka kubva, chibage chozopepetwa kuti marara aya araswe. Mazuva ano kwave nezvigayo zvinoshanda basa rekusvuura rukanda rwekunze zvekuti kune zvigayo izvozvi vazhinji havachadzvura.
Mukubikwa kwemanhuchu anorungwa nemunyu kana kuzowedzera dovi. Nguva zhinji manhuchu chikafu chinodyiwa masikati vanhu vari pabasa. Vamwe vanoti vasati vabika manhuchu vanoaradza ari mumvura kuti apfave arege kuzotora moto wakawanda kana kuti nguva yakareba kubika.
Mangayi anosiyana nemanhuchu pakuti mangayi anobikwa nechibage chisina kumbodzvurwa.


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Sadza
Sadza ndicho chikafu chikuru muZimbabwe chinobva muchibage chakagaiwa chotipa hupfu uhwo hunozobikiswa sadza racho. Sadza rinogona kubikwa nehupfu hwezviyo. Kana rabikwa kudai rinenge ravakunzi sadza rezviyo. Rimwe izwi rinoreva sadza asizve richitaridza kukosha kwesadza muupenyu hweVaShona nderinoti jenamuponesi.
[chinja] Midziyo Nezvinhu Zvinoshandiswa Kubika Sadza
- Hari, shambakodzi
- Musika
- Mugoti
- Mapfihwa
- choto
- Huni
- Moto
- Ndiro
- Chibhako
[chinja] Zvidyiwa Zvinodiwa Pakubika Sadza
- Upfu hwechibage kana kuti hwezviyo
- Mvura inoenderana nehuwandu hwesadza rinodiwa pakudya
- Usavi: nyama, madomasi, nemurivo
- Zvekurunga usavi: munyu
[chinja] Mabikirwo eSadza Rechibage
[chinja] Mabikirwo eSadza Rezviyo
[chinja] Mabikiro eSadza Emazuvano
Nhepfenyuro yedzimudzangara yeZBC yaimbova nechirongwa chaikurudzira vateereri kuti vatumire zvinyogwa zvinodunzira mabikiro esadza emazuvano.
Imwe nzira yakabuda pachirongwa ichi ndeyekuti apo sadza richikwata, mubiki anobva aisa cheese yakaitwa mafufu. Mubiki anobva akodzonga kuti cheese inyungudike yobva yavhenga nesadza rinokwata. Mushure mekuita izvi, mubiki anobva abika sadza semabikiro atinongoriita anozivikanwa nemubiki wese. Sadza rinobuda apa rinonaka chaizvo!
[chinja] Zvivakamuviri Zvinowanikwa Musadza
- Zvipasimba (energy)
- Shuga (carbohydrates)
- Mafuta (fats)
- Zvivakanyama (Protein)
- Imvu rinodiwa kuvaka muviri (dietary minerals):
- Zvivakamakodo (Calcium),
- Simbi inowedzera ropa (zviparopa) (iron)


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User:Thumani Mabwe
Ino inzvimbo yokunyora pamusoro pako uye zvaunofarira pano paWikipedhiya. Thumani Mabwe murume akaberekwa mudunhu raShe Makoni kwaRusape mugore ra1972. Akadzidza pachikoro chikuru cheUniversity of Zimbabwe apo akaverenga Bachelor of Science . Murume uyu anonyora zvinyorwa aine chinangwa chokuti isu vatema tinge tichiumba mitauro yedu. Chishuvo chake kuti tigone kutaura zviri muzvidzidzo zve: Science, Mathematics, Law, Commerce tichishandisa rurimi rwedu.
Parizvino akanyora zvinyorwa zvinoti: Kupimanzvimbo; Nhevedzwa dzeMvura; Mwaka yepaNyika; Hushangazhi; Nyeredzi; Fundoyetsimba; Gumbapamwe reMushana; Mazita eChishona; Rudunhumwe ,nezvimwewo zviri mubumbiro reWikipedia yeShona.
Iye anoti rwendo urwu rungataridzika serwakareba asika, rwendo runotanga nenhanho imwe. Anoda kukurudzira vatema kuti, "tidade nerudzi rwedu, chimiro chedu nedzinza redu" - kuriko kuimba kwakaita muimbi, Oliver Mtukudzi.


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Rudunhumwe
Muzvidzidzo zvinoti: taranyika; jekanyika; fundoyetsimba, rudunhumwe (universe) izwi rinodudza kuhwerengedzwa kwezvinhu zvose zvakasikwa zvikurusei zvinozivikanwa. Rudunhumwe runobata nokusanganisira: sebhe dzose (matter kuEnglish); simba; nyeredzi; nyenyedzi; nguva nemukaha wechadenga.
[chinja] Kupiwa kwezita
Zita iri rapiwa richicherechedza kuti icho chinonzi Universe kuEnglish idunhu rimwe rine mamwewo matunhu anopatsanurwa mariri. Nyangwe zvaro rine zvikamu zvizhinji nemapoka mazhinji, rudunhumwe idunhu rimwe rine mitemo yaro, nekudyidzana kwezvinhu zvirimo. Iko kudyidzana kwezvinhu murudunhumwe hakusati kwapera kuongororwa nyangwe naivo ana mazvikokota vanofunda chikamu chemitumbi iri pamukaha wechadenga; kana nemiganhu yerudunhumwe hapana chaiye anoziva kuti inogumira kupi.
Chakakosha pakupiwa kwezita iri ndiko: kugonawo kutaura nerurimi rwedu zvinhu zvikuru, zvinoshamisa, zvisina mukare wakamboona akatizuwira kuti kwakadai kumatenga kuziyenda-nakuenda uko.
Rudunhumwe runobatawo nyika ino yatinorarama pairi nemukaha wechadenga chatinoona zuva nenyeredzi, kunova ndiko kunobhururuka chitundumusere.


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Rufuvha (magetsi)
Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, rufuvha (current) zvinoreva kuyerera kwechaji yemagetsi muhwendedzo inogwinha.
Mumaseketi emagetsi, chaji iyi inositakurwa nemaerekitironi muwaya. Inogonawo kutakurwa nemaayoni muerekitorito (electrolyte) kana kuti nezvose maerekitironi nemaayoni mupurasima.
Chiyero cherufuvha mumaSI chinoyera reti yekuyerera kwechaji paumwe hwechiyero chenguva chinonzi ambee (A) (muChirungu, ampere). Ambee imwe chete inoyera chaji yecoulomb imwe chete inoyerera munguva yesekondi imwe chete. Rufuvha rwemagetsi runopimwa nemuchina unonzi amita.


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Gumbapamwe reZviringani ZveTaranyika
Muchidzidzo cheTaranyika, (Geography), nyika yakatarwa nemhando mbiri dzemitsetse. Kune mitsetse yakatarwa yakati sambamba neMutsazanisi inonzi latitude; kune mitsetse inotenderera nyika ichibata kuNorth pole neSouth pole inonzi longitude. Mitsetse iyi inoshevedzwa nenhamba dzakarongeka. Nhamba dzemitsetse yelattitude dzinoveregwa dzichibva paMutsazanisi dzichienda kuNorth pole neSouth pole. Nhamba dzemitsetse yelongitude dzinoverengwa dzichibva pamutsetse weGreenwich Meridian zvichienda kuMavirira nekuMabvazuva. Greenwich Meridian mutsetse welongitude unopfuura pedyo neRoyal Observatory, Greenwich, kuUnited Kingdom. Naizvozvo nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzine nhamba inotaura kuti nzvimbo iri papi mudandemutande remitsetse iyoyi. Ruzivo urwu ndirwo rwakashandiswa muhumhizha hweGPS, Geographical Position System chinova chombo chinobatsira kutaura kuti tiri papi uye kupa rudzivo (direction) rwenzvimbo yatinoda kuenda.
Chirongwa chekutarwa kwenyika nenzira yatsananguwa iyi chinodanwa kunzi Geographic Coordinate System - kuChiShona tochiti Gumbapamwe reZviringani ZveTaranyika. Zita reChiShona iri rakaumbwa nenzira inotevera:
- Gumbapamwe (System) rinoreva kubatanidzwa pamwe munzvimbo imwe kwezvinhu zvine ukama huri kutarirwa. Gumbapamwe rine zvinhu: zvinobatirana, kurarama, nekudyidzana pamwe munzvimbo yakatarwa. Kuti titsanangure Gumbapamwe tinogona kusanganisira: nhengo dzirimo; zvinotaura mashandirwo emabasa; mitemo inotonga nhengo dzirimo; uye zvinyorwa zvinotaura ukama huripo pakati penhengo (elements, stakeholders) idzi; nekutara miganhu yerumana rweGumbapamwe, uye miganhu yezvinotenderwa kana kusatenderwa kuitika kana kuti kuva nhengo. Gumbapamwe rine ukama hunosimbiswa netsazaniso pakati pezvinopimwa (equations & relationships), maitirwo ezvirongwa (procedures & protocols), zvinyanye (extrema), zvichingodaro. Gumbapamwe - co-existing or working combined together.
- Zviringani (Coordinates) zvinoreva nhamba dzakarongeka dzinotevera mitaro yakatarwa dzinobatsira kuronda pane nzvimbo iri kutsvakwa.
- Taranyika (Geography) - iri izwi riri kubva kumazwi ari kuEnglish anoti: geo rinoreva nyika (earth), uye graph rinoreva mutaro.
Latitude inopima nhambwe yegonya riri pakati peMutsazanisi nechimiso chiri kuMaodzanyemba kana kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi; chimiso chinogona kunge chiri papi zvapo pauso hweEarth. Latitude inoverengwa ichibva paMutsazanisi uyo unopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelatitude inokwira zvichienda kuNorth pole - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +90o. Nhamba yelatitude inodzika zvichenda kuSouth pole, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -90o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti latitude 20o iri kuMaodzanyemba kweMutsazanisi; latitude -30o kana kuti 30oS iri kuChamhembe kweMutsazanisi. Mepu inotaridza mitsetse yelatitude ichibva kamadokero kuenda kumabvazuva.
Mitsetse yelatitude inodanwa kunzi tsambamba (parallels) nokuti inenge yakati sambamba, uye yakataramukana nhambwe dzakaenzana panzvimbo dzose. Kana 1o yelatitude yapimwa tsambamba dzinenge dzakataramukana 111km (kana 69maira). Kushama kwegonya rinopimwa palatitude yega-yega zvichibva paMutsazanisi, ndiro zita rinopiwa tsambamba yacho. Somuenzaniso 45o latitude ndiyo nhambwe yegonya iri pakati peMutsazanisi ne tsambamba 45, (45th parallel). Saka 45th parallel inenge uri mutsetse wokuti nzvimbo dzese dziri pauri dzine latitude 45o; uye tsambamba iri riri pahafu yenhambwe iri pakati peMutsazanisi neNorth pole.
[chinja] Mitsetse yeLatitude yekurangarira
- Mutsazanisi uri pa 0o latitude. Latitude iyi yakakosha nokuti ndiyo inotara pakati-nepakati penyika; Mutsazanisi uri nhambwe dzakaenzana kubva kuNorth pole neSouth pole. Mutsazanisi unosvikwa nemurazvo wezuva wakarurama (direct rays) panguva mbiri dzeusikuhwakaenzana (equinoxes). Mazuva eusikuhwakaenzana anoitika March 20-21 neSeptember 20-21 apo nzvimbo dzose dziri panyika dzinowana usiku hwakareba 12h (maawa 12). Tsanangudzo izere inopiwa kuchikamu cheMwaka yepaNyika
- Tropic of Cancer iri pa +23.5o; inopfuura munyika dzinoti Mexico, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, India neChina. Tropic of Capricon iri pa -23.5oS; inopfuura munyika dzinoti Chile, Brazil, South Africa, Australia.
- Tropic of Cancer inowana murazvo wezuva wakarurama pamazuva June 20-21; Tropic of Capricon inowana murazvo wezuva wakarurama pamazuva December 20-21. Nguva mbiri idzi dzinonzi solstice kuEnglish. Solstice izwi rinobva kuLatin rinoreva kumira kwezuva. Izvi zvisingarevi kuti zuva rinombofamba aiwa, asi kuti rinotora nguva refu kubva pakuyedza kusvika pakudoka zvoita sokunge riri kumbomira mudenga - kunyanya panguva ya 12:00hrs masikati parinenge riri kurova nhongonya.
- Arctic Circle neAntarctica Circle dziri palatitude +66.5o ne -66.5o zvakaringana kudaro. Mitsetse miviri iyi inotara panotangira nzvimbo dzinowana 24h (maawa) erima pazuva rimwe mumwaka wechando (winter), uye 24h echiedza pazuva rimwe mumwaka wezhizha (summer). Nzvimbo idzi dzakakomberedza North pole ne South pole.
Longitude inopima nhambwe yegonya riri pakati pePrime (Greenwich) Meridian nechimiso chiri kuMabvazuva kana kuMadokero ePrime Meridian; chimiso chinogona kunge chiri papi zvapo pauso hweEarth. Longitude inoverengwa ichibva paPrime Meridian iyo inopiwa nhamba 0o. Nhamba yelongitude inokwira zvichienda kuMabvazuva - nhamba dzichipiwa vara (+), kudzamara dzasvika pa +180o. Nhamba yelongitude inodzika zvichenda kuMadokero, nhamba dzichipiwa vara (-), kudzamara dzasvika pa -180o. Izvi zvinoreva kuti longitude +20o iri kuMabvazuva kwePrime Meridian; longitude -30o iri kuMadokero kwePrime Meridian.
Nekumwe kunyora nzvimbo dziri kuMabvazuva kwePrime Meridian dzinonyorwa dzine vara rinotaridza East, sokuti +30o inenge yonzi 30oE. Nzvimbo dziri kuMadokero kwePrime Meridian dzinenge dzine vara rinotaridza West, sokuti -30o inenge yonzi 30oW. Nokuda kwekuti runyoro urwu runoshandiswa Pasirose tichasiya mavara anotaridza East neWest akadaro tisingaturikire kuenda kuShona.
Kujekesa Longitude - Pane nhambwe ye +180o kuenda kuMabvazuva kubva paPrime Meridian, zvakare pane nhambwe ye -180o kuenda kuMadokero kubva paPrime Meridian. Nhamba mbiri idzi dzinosangana dzichiratidza pane International Date Line apa panova panoverengwa kuti zuva repanyika rinotangira nekugumira. Izvi zvichireva kuti pakudarika International Date Line tichienda kuMadokero tinowedzera musi mumwe. Somuenzaniso, pakudarika International date Line tichienda kuMadokero tinobva pamusi weSvondo kudivi riri kuMabvazuva tichipinda pamusi weMuvhuro kudivi riri kuMadokero. Pakudarika International Date Line tichienda kuMabvazuva tinodzoka musi mumwe - sokuti kubva pamusi weMuvhuro kudivi riri kuMadokero tichipinda pamusi weSvondo kudivi riri kuMabvazuva.
Mepu dzinotaridza mitsetse yelongitude yakatarwa ichibata paNorth pole neSouth pole nerudzivo Maodzanyemba-Chamhembe (North-South). Mitsetse yese yelongitude inocheka Mutsazanisi uye yakarurama painocheka mitsetse yose yelatitude. Tiri paMutsazanisi, mitsetse yelongitude yakataramukana nhambwe inosvika 111km. KuNorth pole neSouth pole mitsetse iyi inonobatana; izvi zvichireva kuti nzvimbo mbiri idzi hadzina kupimwa chaiko kwelongitude.
[chinja] Latitude neLongitude muZimbabwe
Nyika yeZimbabwe iri murumana rwelatitude 20 00S nelongitude 30 00E. Zimbabwe iri pakati peMutsazanisi neTropic of Capricon, inova nzvimbo iri mudunhu reTropics rinowana murazvo wezuva zvakanyanya. Nzvimbo dziri muTropics dzinodziya nguva zhinji, kana tichienzanisa nenzvimbo dziri kunze kweTropics. Zvakadaro tinoda kuonesana kuti nyika yeZimbabwe inotonhorera zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri mudunhu reTropics. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti chikamu cheZimbabwe chiri panzvimbo yakakwirira inonzi duvurwi (plateau). Nzvimbo dziri pahukwidza (altitude) huri pamusoro dzinotonhorera pane nzvimbo dziri pahukwidza huri pasi.
Hezvinoi zviringani zveTaranyika zvemaguta ari muZimbabwe:
- Harare iri palatitude nelongitude 17o43'S; 31o02'E
- Bulawayo iri palatitude nelongitude 20o07'S; 28o32'E
- Mutare iri palatitude nelongitude 18o58'S; 32o38'E
- Gweru iri palatitude nelongitude 19o28'S; 29o45'E
- Masvingo iri palatitude nelongitude 18o0'S; 27o0'E
- Victoria Falls iri palatitude nelongitude 17o58'S; 25o52'E
Tamboonesana kuti Zimbabwe iri murumana rwune muyeranhambo (longitude) +30oE; pose panochinja muyeranhamo ne 15o, nguva inochinja neawa rimwe (1h). Zimbabwe inopiwa nguva yakawedzerwa 2h (maawa 2) zvichienzaniswa nenguva iri paPrime Meridian. Somuenzaniso kana nguva iri paPrime Meridian iri pa 06:00hrs, nguva yeZimbabwe inenge iri pa 08:00hrs. Nguva iri paPrime Meridian inonzi Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Nokumwe kutaura nguva yeZimbabwe inodanwa ichinzi GMT + 2hrs.


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Gore
Gore ndiyo nguva inotorwa nairo Pasi kuita dendera rimwe ichipoterera zuva iri muboterekwa rayo.
Pakufamba kwegore nyika inopfuura mwaka yakasiyana-siyana inoonekwa: nokushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze; nguva iri pakati pakubuda nokuvira kwezuva; chimiro chemiti nebundo; uye michero inowanikwa panzvimbo.
[chinja] Gore sechikamu chinoshandisiwa kuera nguva
Gore repaCalendar ndiyo nguva iri pakati pemisi miviri ine zita rimwechete paCalendar.
Hafu yegore inokwanisa kutanga January ichipera June kana kutanga July ichipera December.
Gore rinopimwa nedzimwe nzira dzakawanda.
Gore repaCalendar rinoda kuenderana nedendera rePasi parinopoterera zuva. Gore repaCalendar yaGregory (uye Calender yaJulian) rakareba mazuva 365 kana kuti 366 kana riri gore re"Leap Year".


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Bhiza
Bhiza (Horse in English) imhuka iri pamupanda wedzinoyamwisa inowanikwa ichipfuyiwa pamusha uye inowanikwa musango. Bhiza rine mahwande - izvi zvinoreva kuti rine tsimba rakabatana kuita rimwe zvinosiyana nemombe kana mbudzi dzinoita matsimba akapatsanurwa kuita huviri.
Mabhiza imhuka dzinokwanisa kumhanya neSpidhi wepamusoro uye ane chipo chekugona kuramba amire asina kuwa nyangwe akakotsira. Kugona kumhanya uye kukotsira amire zvinobtsira pakuti bhiza rinokwanisa kutiza zvikara zviri nyore.
Mabhiza anoshandiswa mabasa anosanganisira: mujawo; kurima; mitambo yakasiyana-siyana uye muhurapi. Makarekare mabhiza aishandiswa muhondo nemawuto, achitakura mawuto nokusenga mitoro. Zvinhu zvinowanikwa kubva kumabhiza zvinosanganisira: nyama; mukaka; vhudzi; mapfupa uye mishonga inogadzirwa nemutundo wenzvari dzakazvitakura.
[chinja] Kurarama kweBhiza
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwebhiza, kwarinogara uye machengeterwo, bhiza rinorarama kusvika makore 25-30. Kune mamwe mabhiza akararama kusvika makore 40 mamwe akadarika. Bhiza rakararama zvine tsamba dzinozivikanwa rainzi "Old Billy" rakararama kusvika makore makumi matanhatu nemaviri (62); iri bhiza rakararama mwaka wechizana 19 - (19th Century). Mumakore amazuvano bhiza rainzi "Sugar Puff" rakanyowa muGuinness Book of World Records richinzi ndiro bhiza rakararama kuva nemakore makumi mashanu nematanhatu - 56.


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Sinowo
Muchidzidzo Taranyika, sinowo (Snow) imhando yekuturuka kwemvura inoitika munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvakanyanya. Sinowo zhinji inonaya kunyika dzinotonhora dziri kuEurope, Asia, neNorth America. Mazaya echando anowanikwawo munzvimbo dzakakwirira zvakanyanya segomo reKilimanjaro kuKenya nekumakomo makuru ari kuChile kuSouth America.
Kazhinji sinowo inoturuka kana kuri kutonhora zviri pa 0 Celsius zvichidzika, panova ndipo panogwamba mvura kuita magodo echando. Sinowo yakareruka pahuremu uye painoungana inosiya tuhomwe twemhepo pakati payo tunova tunoita kuti isarema. Munyika dzinotonhora, kune mhuka dzinohwanda musinowo kana chando chasvika izvi zvichidzivirira kutonhorwa nechando kwakanyanya. Mhuka dzakita setsuro neshiri dzinonzi Ptarmigan dzinofukura zvipako zvokuhwanda musinowo; apa sinowo inenge iri kuita semashe ichishanda kudzivira chando zvinoita iye inonzi insulation kuEnglish. Mhuka yakahwanda musinowo inodzivirira chando kupfuura iyo iri pamhene inorohwa nemhepo inovhuvhuta.


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Matoro
Muchidzidzo chetaranyika, matoro (wetlands in English) izwi rinoreva nzvimbo inochengeta mvura ine sora, nhokwe kana tsanga. Matoro anonyanya kuwanikwa pedyo nerwizi kana kumiganhu yemapani nedondo. Vamwe vatauri vanoti deve kana kuti denhe.
Kare kare mupunga ne[[tsenza] zvairimwa mumatoro. Pari zvino hakuchina matoro akawanda nokuda kwekuwanda kwevanhu nokukundika kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzine matoro.
Mumatoro munowanikwa datya; mukonikoni; humhutu netumwe tupuka. Miti, huswa netsanga zvinomerawo mumatoro.


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Glendale
Glendale musha uri kuMashonaland Central, Zimbabwe. Glendale yakapiwa zita iri kufananidzwa netaundhi iri kuNorthumberland, England. Musha weGlendale uri pamupata weRwizi Mazowe chinhambwe chinokwana 60km kubva kuHarare. Izwi rokuti Mazowe rinobva pane rokuti Manzou; uku kwaive kutadza kutaura kwevarungu.
Pakuverengwa kwevanhu mogore 1982 Glendale yaiva nehugari hwevanhu 6,076. Musha uyu wakapoteredzwa nemapurazi anorima chibage, donje, gorosi nekupfuya nguruve, mombe, uye kukama mukaka. Minda yemaranjisi yeMazowe Citrus Estates iri pedyo neGlendale. Humwe hushangazhi huri muGlendale hunosanganisira National Railways, Cottco, neGlendale Spinners. KuChamhembe kweGlendale kune mugodhi unochera Iron Pyrites unonzi Iron Duke Mine uri nhambwe inokwana 15km kubva kuGlendale.
[chinja] Nhoroondo
Nzvimbo ine musha weGlendale yakanga yakagarwa nevanhu verudzi rweVaShona vari pasi paShe Chiweshe, anova ndiye ari kutonga nhasi ari muruwa rweChiweshe. Mumakore 1884-1902 murungu ainzi Arthur Keppel-Jones akarwisa akatora nzvimbo iyi yakatanga kugarwa nevarungu. Vawuyi ava avakanaga vachiva ivhu renvzimbo iyi rinova gova rakanaka samare uye vakachiva gold raiwanikwa munzvimbo iyi.
Mumakore akatevera Glendale yakagarwa nevarimi vachirungu, vnahu Vatema, nevashandi vakatama kubva kuMozambique, Malawi neZambia. Kubva mugore 2000, mapurazi mazhinji airimwa nevarungu akatorwa nehurumende akapiwa kuvanhu vatema. Varungu vasara vashomane mumusha weGlendale.
Vana muzvinabhizinisi vechitema vari muGlendale vanosanganisira: Daniel Chinyemba weGlendale General Engineering and Maintenance.


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Rovambira
Rovambira (Black mamba) imhando yennyoka inowanikwa muAfrica. Rovambira ndiyo nyoka ine huturu hwakanyanya kusimba panyoka dzinowanikwa muAfrica. Iyi nyoka inokura kureba 2.5 to 3.2 metre imwe nguva inoreba kusvika 4.45 metre. Rovambira ndiyo nyoka inonyanya kumhanya kudarika dzose Pasirose, inokwanisa kusvika paSpidhi we 4.32 to 5.4 metres pa second.
Zita reEnglish rokuti "Black Mamba" rakapiwa nokuda kwemukanwa menyoka iyi mukanwa mutema kwete nokuti nyoka iyi inhema ndipo panobva black wacho. Mamba izita rechiNdevere nechiZulu renyoka iyi. Nyoka iyi inozivikanwa nekuva nehuturu hunouraya munguva dikidiki yokunge munhu arumwa uye inorwisa pasina kunge yadenhewa.
[chinja] Mapikicha
[chinja] Tsika
Rovambira ndiyo nyoka inotyiwa kupfuura dzimwe nyoka dzese muZimbabwe. Izvi zvinokonzerwa neukasha hune nyoka iyi kana ichinge yashatirwa. Tiri vadiki kwaitaura nyaya(malengends) dzekuti kune nyoka inomira nemuswe yokukobora panhongonya. Zvichinzi kana uchida kuiuraya unopfuura nepainenge iri waka senga dombo kana kuti bota rino pisa. Ikada kuti ikurume yobva yarovera kana kupinda mubota rinopiswa.
Izvi ndinofunga zvainzwaro nekuti nyoka iyi kana yave kuda kuruma inosimudza zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzvina zvemuviri wayo asi haizo miri kuenzana nemunhu.


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Kamba
Kamba (tortoise) imhuka yemusango inokambaira ine makwati akavhara muviri wayo. Kamba inokwanisa kudzosera musoro wayo, maoko nemakumbo kupinda mumakwati ayo. Kune kamba dzinogara pavhu koita kamba dzinogara mumvura. Kamba iri pamupanda wemhuka dzinokambaira.
[chinja] Kuberekana
Kamba nzvari dzinochera gomba umo dzinokandira mazai angava rimwe kusvika kumakumi matatu (30). Mazai anokandirwa munguva dzemanheru kamba yobva yafushira mazai aya nejecha,dhaga nemashizha. Mazai aya anosiyiwa asina kurindirwa achizochechenya pamazuva 60-120 zvichienderana nerudzi rwekamba yacho.
Kana yasvika nguva yokuchechenya nhiyo inoboora zai ichishandisa zino rinenge rakura kachiri muzai iroro. Ipapo nhiyo iyi inochera ichibuda mugomba muya yotanga upenyu hwayo isina amai .
[chinja] Kudya kwekamba
Kamba inodya huswa, sora, mashizha; nemichero yakasiyana-siyana. Mamwe marudzi ekamba anodya makonye netupembenene.
Zvirevo
- Charova sei chando chakwidza hamba mumuti?
- Chidamoyo hamba yakada makwati.


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Gonyozhinji
Muchidzidzo chePimanyika, gonyozhinji (Polygon) chiumbwa chine mativi mazhinji; kubvira pamatatu zvichikwira. Mitsetse inobatana pamikwava inenge yakati twasa.
[chinja] Kupihwa kwezita
KuEnglish izwi rokuti "polygon" rinoreva chiumbwa chine mativi mazhinji uye gonyo zhinji. Shoko rinoti "poly" rinoreva "many" - kuwanda. Shoko rinoti "gon" rinobva pashoko rekuti "gonia" (Latin) rinoreva "bend" kana kuti "ankle". Isu kuChiShona tichapa zita rokuti gonyozhinji kududzira shoko rokuti "polygon". Zvichinge zvamira nenzira iyoyi hazvichanetsi kupa mazita eShona kuzviumbwa; tinenge toverenga kuti chiumbwa chine gonyo (mikwava) ngani kana kuti mativi mangani.
- Triangle ine mativi matatu inenge yonzi gonyonhatu.
- Quadrilateral ine mativi mana inenge yonzi gonyoina.
- Pentagon ine mativi mashanu inenge yonzi gonyoshanu.
- Decagon ine mativi gumi inenge yonzi gonyogumi, zvichingodaro.
Tichiri ipapo zvakafanira kuti tionesane kuti gonyozhinji rega-rega rakaumbwa riine mativi anoverengwa kuenzana nemagonyo ari mukati mechiumbwa ichocho.
[chinja] Magonyo egonyozhinji
gonyozhinji rega-rega rine mativi anoverengwa kuenzana nemikwava yarinaro. Mukwava wega-wega une magonyo ane chitsama. Magonyo anonyanya kuwongororwa ndeaya:
Magonyo emukati – Magonyo emukati egonyozhinji ine mativi n (n-gonyo) anohwerengedzwa kusvika (n − 2)180o. gonyozhinji ine mativi n inokwanisa kutariswa sokunge yakavakwa negonyonhatu n dzinosangana paGoko regonyozhinji. gonyo inotenderera pagoko yakakura 360o, kana kuti 180(2). Tikabvisa kukura kwegonyo riri pagoko kubva pakukura kwemagonyo ari mugonyonhatu dziripo "n", tinowana (n − 2)180o kukura kwemagonyo emukati, megonyozhinji. Poinsot ndiye akatanga kutsvakurudza nekunyora pamusoro pemagonyo emukati egonyozhinji.
Makonyo ekunze - aya magonyo anohwerengedzwa kuita 360k, apa k anenge ari nhamba yakazvikwanira (interger).


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Ndege
Ndege (Aeroplane) in English. Kuti ndege isumuke kune zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoti:
- Kugona kumhanya kusvika paspidhi yakakura unozogonesa ndege kusimuka.
[chinja] Puresha yemhepo
Kana mhepo ichinge ichivhuvhuta puresha yayo inodzika nekukwira kunoita spidhi yemhepo. Kana spidhi yemhepo ikaderera puresha yemhepo inokwira. Kucherechedzwa kwechiitiko ichi ndiko kunoshandiswa pakusimudza ndege kuenda mudenga.
Paye ndege inenge yomhanya panhandare yendege mweya unomhanya ichipesana nemapapiro endege. Puresha iri pasi pemapapiro inosiyana nepuresha iri pamusoro pemapapiro.
- Mweya uri kufamba nepasi pebapiro inefamba nhambwe diki pane iri kufamba nepamusoro. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti pasi pakatwasuka, asi pamusoro pakaita hubumbe.
- Izvi zvoreva kuti mweya uri pamusoro pemapapiro unomhanya nemurumba wakakura kudarika uri pasi. Kusiyana kwespidhi kunokonzera kusiyana kwepuresha sezvataurwa pamusoro.
- Izvi zvinoreva kuti puresha iri pasi pebapiro yakawanda pane iri pamusoro pebapiro. Kuwanda kwepuresha pasi pemapapiro fosi inonzi simudzo inova ndiyo inosimudza ndege kuenda mudenga.
Paku bhururuka kwendege, pane mamanikidzo(force) mana anonge achitamba pandege. Manikidzo idzi dzinoti, simudzo, gwesho, gunganidzo ne thrust. manikidzo yesimudzo neye gunganidzo dinopesana kana kuti kupikisana dzichibva mativi akasiyana. Ye gwesho ne thrust zvinopikisanawo zvichibva mativi akasiyana asi manikidzo idzi dzinenge dzaka chinjikana ne-e simudzo ne gunganizo. Kuti ndege ikwanise kubhururuka, manikidzo yesimudzo inenge yakafanana neye ngunganidzo.
Simudzo = gunganidzo
Uye ye gwesho inenge yaka fanana neye thrust
Gwesho = thrust


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Bere
Bere (Hyena in English) imhuka yemusango ine makamba matema nebrown inokura kusvika pamhumhu wembwa. Iyi mhuka inowanikwa muziwumbe zveAfrica neAsia. Bere imhuka inozivikanwa nokufamba usiku uye nemusana waro wakaita muteremuko unobva kumakumbo emberi uchidzika kuenda kumakumbo eshuru.
Bere rakasiyana nekatsi dzemusango pakuti rinobata dzimwe mhuka richishandisa mazino kwete makumbo ane nzwara sezvinoita mbada. Danga remapere rinesimba rokudzinga shumba kubva padzinenge dzavhima dzikabata mhuka yesango. Mapere anovhima nyati achikwanisa kuiwuraya; izvi zvinogoneka kana riri danga remapere.
Tsumo - Chinono chinengwe bere rakadya richifamba


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Nyenyedzi
Muzvidzidzo Zvechadenga, nyenyedzi (star) zvinoreva mitumbi iri muchadenga inobwinya sokubwinya kunoita zuva. Nyeredzi dzine hujoto hwakakwira zvokuti sebhe irimo inoshanduka kubva pakuva gasi rinopisa kuenda pakuva inonzi plasma kuEnglish. Plasma imhando yomusandu ine mwando unopisa zvakanyanya zvokuti maatomu anoshanduka kuva maayoni.
Zuva pacharo imhando yenyenyedzi uye ndiyo nyenyedzi iri pedyo zvakanyanya neEarth. Kuzuva ndiko kunobva simba zhinji rinosvika kuEarth uye. Zuva rine kubwinya kwakanyanya zvokuti munguva dzemasikati dzimwe nyenyedzi dzinoita sokunge dzisipo tichiona kubwinya kwezuva chete. Nyenyedzi dzinozoonekwa kubwinya kwadzo munguva yemhanheru apo rimwe divi renyika rinenge rafuratira zuva rave murima.


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Mutemo waPareto
Mutemo waPareto chinyorwa chinodudzira hukama huripo pakati pezvikonzero zvinokonzera zviitiko zvizhinji, nezvisakwa kana mhedzisiro dzinoonekwa pazviitiko izvozvi. Mutemo uyu wakanyorwa nemurume ainzi Joseph M Juran wekuUnited States of America uyo aiva nyanzvi yeruzivo rwehumaneja. Joseph M. Juran akatumidza mutemo uwu zita reimwe nyanzvi yainzi Vilfredo Pareto; murume uyu aiva chizvarwa cheku Italy. Mugore ra1906 Vilfredo Pareto akanga avarura chinyorwa chaiwongorora nhau yekugovewa kweivhu munyika yeItaly. Pareto akacherechedza kuti zvikamu zvevhu makumi manomwe kubva muzana (80%) zvakanga zviri mumawoko echikamu chevanhu makumi maviri kubva muzana (20%).
Mutemo waPareto unoti, pakuverengwa kwemhedzisiro nezvikonzero, zvikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana (80%) zvemhedzisiro dzinoonekwa muzviitiko zvizhinji, zvinokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana (20%).
Zvichitodzana nemutemo uyu, kunonzi mumabhindauko chikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana (80%) chezvinotengwa chinotengwa nechikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevatengi - kureva kuti ruzhinji rwevatengi (80%) vanotenga zvjnhu zvine hukoshi hwunosvika 20%. Hapana chakakosha panhamba 80% asi kungoti ndiyo nhamba inonyanya kuwonekwa panocherechedzwa hukama hwezvikonzero nemhedzisiro pazvinhu zvizhinji.
[chinja] Mimwe mienzaniso
Zvichitodzana zvakare nemutemo uyu hanzi hukama hunotevera hwakawonekwa mumabhindauko:
- 80% yemari inobatwa (profit) inobva kuchikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevatengi
- 80% yezvichemo zvinouya zvinobva kuchikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevatengi
- 80% yenguva inomisa basa pamuchina inokonzerwa nechikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chezvinono zvinomisa basa.
- 80% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa nechitoro zvinenge zvatengeswa nechikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chevashandi vanotengesa.
[chinja] Njodzi kumabasa
Mutemo waPareto unoshandiswa muhushangazhi kunongedza njodzi dzinonyanya kukonzera kuti vashandi vasangane netsaona pabasa. Kuchitevedzwa mutemo uyu zvinoreva kuti chikamu chemakumi maviri kubva muzana (20%) chenjodzi chinokonzera tsaona dziri pachikamu chemakumi manomwe kubva muzana (80%). Saka vanodzidzisa zvokudzivirira tsaona pabasa vanonangana nokurwisa chikamu che 20% chenjodzi idzi dzinokonzera chikamu chetsaona chiri pa 80%. Izvi zvinorevawo kuti vanodzivirira tsaona vakasacherechedza njodzi dzinokonzera 80% yetsaona, vakangoti toita chero, zvichakaro itika ndezvekuti vacharwisana nechikamu chemakumi manomwe (80%) chenjodzi dzinokonzera tsaona dziri pachikamu chemakumi maviri (20%). Uku kureva kuti nguva nemari inoshnda pasina shanduko huru inobudapo.
Asi kana nguva nemari zvikashanda kurwisana nechikamu chemakumi maviri (20%) chenjodzi chinokonzera tsaona dziri pachikamu chemakumi manomwe (80%), panokwanisa kuwonekwa shanduko yakakura mukuderera kwetsaona.
[chinja] Hupfumi Pasirose
Hanzi nyanzvi dzezvehupfumi dzakavarura gwaro mugore ra 1992 raitaura kuti chikamu che 82.7% chemari inotambirwa Pasirose inotambirwa nevanhu vane huwandu hwechikamu che 20% yevanhu vari Pasirose.


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Chibage
Chibage (maize or corn in English) chinorimwa kuno kuchamhembe kweAfrica kwachinova ndicho kudya kunodyiwa mazuva mazhinji neruzhinji rwemhuri dziri kuno. Chibage chizhinji chinogayiwa kuita hupfu chodyiwa seSadza; chimwewo ndicho chinogochewa; kukangiwa nokubika manhuchu nemangayi.
Mamwe mazita anoreva chibage ndeaya: mabarwe, chibere, mabagwe.
Kawawa imhando yechibage inoshandiswa kukanga popcorn.
Chibage chenje zvinoreva mbeu yechibage iri yega isina kusanganiswa nembeu yechimwe chirimwa.


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Australia
Australia ndiro ziwumbe riri kwakadziva kuchamhembe kweAsia. Nyika iyi yakatapwa nevarungu vanova ndivo vari kutonga Australia pari zvino.
Nyika iyi inozivikanwa nemutambo we cricket, mhuka inonzi kangaroo uye ndiyo imwe yematunhu anowanikwa garwe.
Pakayambuka mhuri dzevanhu veZimbabwe dzichienda Pasirose, Australia ndiyo yedzimwe nyika dzaienda vanhu vemuZimbabwe. Kune chifungidziro chokuti vanhu veZimbabwe vanodarika zviruru makumi maviri (20,000) vanogara kuAustralia.
Australia yakagachirawo vapoteri vaitiza hondo yeku Sudan vazhinji vavo vanhu vatema.


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Tuesday, 9 October 2012
GWANDA TOUT IN TROUBLE FOR FONDLING WOMAN'S BOOBS
7 comments:
nxa!!! ko ukangoroora ukaswera uchibata mazamu emukadzi wako??? Shame on you...!!! anyways whats with male fascination with breasts??
Paita makandiwa/shura reproblem apa. Panoda kutyora kunge urikurohwa staira nabarbarian [Muface wahwindi akanzwa vamwe vachiti mabasa avo maPolitician, Librarian etc iye akati "Inini ndiri barberian".]
Zimbabwe yanaka, complainant akatakura kunge kombi yazara. Hwindi anga achida kuona kuti zvavakatakura zvakabhadhara here. Anga achida kuvaraidza vabereki kombi ichimopa floor.
FLAM???
Kkk achazoona kuti vhinga ndiyani uye dombo ndiyani
ndakati bhagamu,apa porisi iri kuita kundifemera mugotsi.....haiwa haiwa ndazozviona kuti Jesu idombo Makandiwa chidhinha chisina kutsva!
Yadya basa, magistrate, vharira whindi.


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Chaunga (nhamba)
Muchidzidzo masvomhu shoko rokuti chaunga (multiple in English) rinoreva zhinji kana kuti zvakawanda.
- Shoko reEnglish rokuti multiple rinobatanidza maviri anoti multi- rinoreva many or much uye -ply rinoreva fold. Saka Multiple rinoreva many fold.
- KuChishana shoko rokuti chaunga rinotaura kubatananidzwa kwezvinhu zvichibva zvawanda zvikurusei zvinhu zvakafanana.
[chinja] Tsika
Chaunga chevanhu - a multitude
[chinja] Tsama kuMasvomhu
Pamusoro pataurwa kuti izwi rokuti chaunga rakafanana nerekuti multiple kuEnglish.
- Saka pano tave kugona kutaura kuti 30 chaunga cha 3 na 10.


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Canada
Canada inyika iri muziwumbe re North America iri kuMaodzanyemba kweUnited States of America; nyika nmbiri idzi dzine muganhu pamuyeramwaka +49o.
Canada imwe yenyika dzakatapwa neBritain dzine hugari hwevarungu hwawanda kudarika varidzi venyika vakawanikwa munyika iyi. Imwe yenyika dzine hugari hwamira saizvozvi ndiyo Australia. Varidzi venyika vakawanikwa vari muCanada neAutralia vanodanwa kunzi maAboriginals; zvisingarevi kuti marudzi aya ane ukama asi kuti ndivo zvidzazvepo.
Kare varidzi venyika vaidanwa kunzi Red Indians muCanada asi pari zvino vanodanwa kunzi Aboriginals kana kuti First Nations.


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Dimbu
Muchidzidzo Masvomhu, shoko rokuti dimbu (fraction in English) rinoreva chikamu kubva pane chinhu chizere chose. Dimbu kana richinyorwa rinotaura kuti pane zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana, sokuti zvitatu-kubva-pazvina (3/4), chimwe-kubva-pazviviri (1/2), zvina-kubva-pazvisere (4/7). Pakunyora muchidimbu tichati 4/7 inonyorwa ichingonzi zvikamu zvina-pazvisere.
Dimbu njee rakafanana nekuti 1/2, 8/5, 4/7 rakaumbwa rine nhamba izere pamusoro nenhamba izere pasi. Nhamba yepamusoro inonzi mberengi, iyi nhamba ndiyo inotaura kuti pane zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana. Nhamba yepasi inonzi dumazita, iyi nhamba inotaura kuti chinhu chizere (mhumburu) chakaumbwa nezvikamu zvakaenzana zvingani - zvimwe zvezvikamu ndizvo zvaverengwa pamberengi.
[chinja] Kupiwa kwemazita
- Shoko reEnglish rokuti denominator rinoreva that which gives a name - saka kuChishona kwapiwa zita rokuti dumazita. Paya panonzi four-tenths kuEnglish kureva kuti zita rezvikamu zviri pachiro mhumburu rinonzi tenths. Apa panenge pari kutaurwa kuti chizere chose chakadimburwa kuita zvikamu gumi zvakaenzana - nokumwe kutaura toti chizere chose chakaumbwa nezvikamu gumi zvakaenzana.
- Saka nhamba yepasi pedimbu ndiyo inosenga kana kutakura zita rinotiudza kuti chiro mhumburu yakadimburwa kuita zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana.
- Shoko reEnglish rokuti numerator rinoreva that which is counted or the counter - saka kuChishona kwapiwa zita rokuti mberengi. Paya panonzi four-sevenths" kuEnglish kureva kuti patorwa zvikamu zvina kubva pazvinomwe zvakaenzana zvinova ndizvo zviri kutaurwa nezvazvo.
- Saka nhamba yepamusoro pedimbu ndiyo inoverenga kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro pezvikamu zvingani kubva pane zvose zviri mune chizere chose.
- Shoko rokuti dimbu njee rinofanana nerekuti common fraction kuEnglish. Shoko rokuti njee rinoreva common kuEnglish.
[chinja] Mhando dzedimbu
Dimbu njee nemhando dzaro
Dimbu njee idumbu rakanyorwa sezvinoti a/b. Apa a na b dzinenge dziri nhamba izere; a anonzi mberengi, b anonzi dumazita. Mberengi inotaura kuti pane zvikamu zvakaenzanz zvingani. Dumazita rinotiudza kuti pane zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana zvinoumba chizere chose uye hachifanirwe kuva zero. Pamuenzaniso 7/3 uye 5/9, mutsetse uri pakati penhamba mbiri unonzi mutsetse wedimbu - fractional line.
Dimbu njee ine mapoka maviri anoti dimbu chikuru-pasi uye dimbu chikuru-musoro.
- Mberengi nedumazita zvichinge zvakakura kudarika zero, dimbu rinonzi dimbu chikuru-pasi kana chiverengi chiri chidiki pane dumazita. Nokumwe kutaura dimbu chikuru-pasi rinofanirwa kuva nehuhombe huri pasi pana 1 (imwe), kureva kuti dimbu iri rine huhombe huri pakati pa 1 na -1.
- Dimbu chikuru-pasi ndiro rinonzi proper fraction kuEnglish.
- Dimbu rinonzi dimbu chikuru-musoro kana mberengi iriyo yakakura pane dumazita.
- Dimbu chikuru-musoro ndiro rinonzi improper fraction kuEnglish.
Dimbu rakavhengana
Dimbu rakavhengana inowanikwa panowedzaniswa nhamba izere nedimbu chikuru-pasi; apa nhamba izere inenge isiri zero. Somuenzaniso kana kuchitaurwa makeke maviri pamwe nehafu yekeke inonyorwa ichinzi .
- Dimbu rakavhengana ndiro rinonzi mixed fraction kuEnglish
Dimbu chikuru-musoro imwe nzira yokunyora nhamba mhumburu ichiwedzaniswa nedimbu. Dimbu rakavhengana rinokwanisa kushandurwa kuva dimbu chikuru-musoro nenzira inotevera.
- Nyora dimbu rakavhengana iri sesvomhu .
- Shandura nhamba izere ive dimbu chikuru-musoro rine dumazita chakafanana nechikamu chine dimbu njee, .
- Wedzanisa madimbu maviri iwaya. Svomho inowanikwa ipapa inenge iri dimbu chikuru-musoro. Pamuenzaniso wapiwa, .
Zvinogonanwo kuti dimbu chikuru-musoro rishandurwe kuva dimbu rakavhengana nenzira inotevera:
- Chikangani (pasina musarirwa) ndicho chinova chikamu chine nhamba izere padimbu rakavhengana. Musarirwa ndiye anova mberengi pachikamu chine dimbu njee. Pamuenzaniso , 2 ndiye nhamba izere, 3 ndiye chiverengi pachikamu chine dimbu.
- Dumazita idzva rakaenzana nedumazita redimbu chikuru-musoro. Pamuenzaniso dumazita ndi 4. Saka .
Dimbu rakavhenga rinogona kuva nhamba pfocho (negative number in English), sezvizvi , zvichibva zvaenzana sezvizvi .
Zvokucherechedza
- Chirikunzi musarirwa pano ndicho chinonzi remainder kuEnglish.
- Chiri kunzi Chikangani pano ndicho chinonzi quotient kuEnglish. Shoko rokuti quotient rinoreva how many times.
[chinja] Dimbu paMuravanegumi
Shoko rokuti dimbu reMuravanegumi (decimal fraction) rinoreva dimbu rine dumazita rakanyorwa ari gumi ari kuradanurwa nedanho rakakodzera. Dimbu reMuravanegumi rinopangidzwa kuchinyorwa koma kuruboshwe kwemberengi; kana zvadai dumazita rinenge risisanyorwe. Ana zero vanotsvetwa pakati pekoma nemberengi kana zvakakodzera kuti nhamba dzemberengi dzigonyorwa panzvimbo inodoma hukuru hwevara racho sezvakakodzera.
Ngatitarisei somuenzaniso zvidimbu zvinotevera: 8/10, 83/100, 83/1000, and 8/10000; kana zvoshandurwa kupinda paMuravanegumi zvinonyorwa sezvizvi: 0.8, 0.83, 0.083, and 0.0008.


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Zimbabwe
- Ona zve Great Zimbabwe National Monument.
- Kana uchitsvaga zvakawanda nezvokuvhota gore ra2008, ona nyaya iyi.
Zimbabwe (madanirwo /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/), ichinzizve Republic of Zimbabwe, uye yakambozikanwa seSouthern Rhodesia, Republic of Rhodesia uyezve Zimbabwe Rhodesia, inyika iri kuchamhembe kweAfrica. Yakatenderedzwa nedzimwe nyika, zvichireva kuti haina nyanza kumapeto kwayo. Kumabvazuva kuneMozambique, kuchamhembe kune Chamhembe Africa, kumadokero kune Botswana, kumaodzanyemba kuneZambia. Mutauro wemahofisi Chirungu (English) asi ruzhinji rwevanhu munyika iyi rwunotaura ChiShona. ChiShona mutauro wevanhu vakagara munzvimbo iyi kubva makarekare. Rurimi rweSindebele rwunotaurwawo zvakare muZimbabwe nevanhu veMatabele. Ava vanhu vakasvikawo munzvimbo iyi apo veChiShona vanga vatodzika midzi. VeMatabele ava vaibvawo nechekuchamhembe uko vaitiza ishe wavo Shaka Zulu uyo aida kuvabvisa chirikumeso. Zvakare kuchamhembe kwenyika iyi kune rwizi rukuru rwunonzi Limpopo, ukuwo kumaodzanyemba kunezve rumwe rukuru runonzi rwizi Zambezi. Nzizi idzi ihuru kwazvo uye dzinodira mugungwa reIndian Ocean.
Kubvira makore 1250 kabanga kuzvika 1629, nzvimbo yavekuzikanwa seZimbabwe iyi yaitongwa nemadzimambo eMutapa (Mutapa Empire), vachizikanwazve sekuti Mwene Mutapa, Monomatapa kana kuti pachirungu Empire of Great Zimbabwe. Nzvimbo iyoyi yaive nemukurumbira chaizvo panyaya dzendarama(Goridhe), iro raifambiswa nevanhu vechiArab. Zvakadaro, vechiPutukezi (Portuguese) vakauya ndokuparadza urongwa ihwohwo nokukasira, zvikasiya Monomatapa iri panguva yaChimbetu chaiyo. Gore ra1834 veMatabele, ava vanga vakuzviti maNdebele, vakasvikawo munzvimbo iyoyi yamadzimambo Mutapa. Vakasvika nechekuchamhemhembe kwakadziva kumadokero (South West) kwenzvimbo yamadzimambo Mutapa. Tambo taura pamusoro kuti vanhu ava vakange vari kutiza kubva kunamambo wavowo Shaka ainge arikudya marasha chamhembe ikoko. VechiNdebele ava vaitungamirwawo namambo wavoLobengula. Nzvimbo yavakagara iyi yaizozikanwa seMatabeleland munguva yaizotevera kusanginisira zvino uno.
Nyika yeZimbabwe yakawana kuzvitonga mugore ra1980, apo bato reZanu-PF raRobert Gabriel Mugabe rakavhoterwa neruzhinji rwevanhu. Mureza weBritain wakadzikiswa musi wa18 April 1980, mureza weZimbabwe ukasimudzwa.
[chinja] Matongerwo eNyika
Zimbabwe inyika yakapatsanurwa kuva nematunhu masere nemaguta mairi anotarisirwa sematunhu mukuva kwawo. Dunhu rese rine guta guru imo munoitirwa mabhizimusi ehurumende.
Mazita ematunhu akagadzirwa kubva mumazita eMashonaland neMatabeleland iwo akagadzirwa nevarungu munguva yekutongwa neBritain. Mashonaland ndiyo yaive nzvimbo yatanga kugarwa neBritish South Africa Company Pioneer Column uko Matabeleland yaiva nzvimbo yakatorwa mukupera kweHondo yekutanga yemaMatabele (First Matabele War). Nzvimbo idzi dzinotevedzawo nyika dzaigarwa nemaShona nemaNdebele varungu vasati vauya, zvisinei kuti izvozvi kunoita kusangana kwevanhu mumatunhu aya. Dunhu rese rinotongwa naProvincial Governor, uyu anosarudzwa nemutangimiri wenyika yeZimbabwe. Hurumende yematunhu inotungamirwa naiye Provincial Administrator, uyu anosarudzwa nePublic Service Commission. Zvimwewo zvinhu zvinoitwa nehurumende yenyika mumatunhu zvinoitwa nemahofisi emapoka ehurumende yenyika.


text:
Muteremuko
Muchidzidzo chepimanyika , shoko rokuti muteremuko (gradient) rinodudza mwero wemukwidza kana kana materu zvichienzaniswa nepakati sandarara. Kuti tiwane nhamba inotaura muteremuko tinokwanisa kushandisa nzira mbiri.
- Nzira yokutanga inotora govano iri pakati penhambwe dzapimwa pane hukwidza nepakati sandarara (rise and run).
- Nzira yechipiri inopima gonya riri pakati pemusandarara neuso hwemakata acho. Apa ‘’’muteremuko’’’ unenge wotaurwa semupimo wegonya.
[chinja] Muenzaniso
Ngatitorei muenzaniso wemunhu ari kukwira manera kubva pasi kuenda pamusoro, padenga remba. Ngatitii zvakapimwa kuti chitsitsinho chemanera chakamiswa chiri 4 mita kubva kumadziro emba, uye nhambwe yokubva pasi kusvika padenga inopimwa kuita 8 mita.
- Nenzira yokutanga inotora govano nhambwe yehukwidza (8 mita) nenhambwe yemusandarara uri pakati pemanera nemadziro emba (4 mita). Govano iyi inowanikwa iri 2.0; izvi zvoreva kuti 2.0 ndiwo muteremuko uripo.
- Nenzira yechipiri gonya riri pakati pemanera nemusandarara ndiro rinopimwa kana kutsvakwa kuburikidza negovano dzePimagonyanhatu. Apa panenge poshandiswa govano inonzi tangent. Gonya riripo rakakura 63.4o.


text:
Trevor Dongo Ndashamisika:
Trevor Dongo-Ndashamisika:
Great Track!
trevor dongo - NDASHAMISIKA:
trevor dongo's new single from his new album first verse LYRICS Ndashamisika pandawona uchipfuura pano, baby Ndanetsekana ukandiwona ndichikutarisa, ndonyarirepi Ndawona mwedzi, zuva, nenyeredzi pamwe chete pauri Ndikanetsekana zvawaona ndichikutarisa, ndonyarirepi Pando cherechedza mafambiro ako iwe iwe Ndikati mwana ndewekupi Pandocherechedza mafambiro ako mwana iwe Excuse me where you from mommy Mmm ...coz I want u mommy mmm...where you from mommy mmm...would you be my lovie ndambotarisa ndichimiridzira ndichiti kuda hausi kuona pawatarisa meso ako achiratidzika, ndatya kumuka Wanike hadzizi hope Ndashaiwa remuromo zvachose Ndikanestekana ukandiona ndikutarisa ndonyaripe,IWE!!! .............
Trevor Dongo - Ndashamisika (Live Mix @ City Sports Bar Harare 2012):
Trevor Dongo Live @ City Sports Bar Harare. Zim Entertainment Live in Zimbabwe 2012.