text:
ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ
ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ-ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱛᱳ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱵᱟ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾[᱑] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱒᱖᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱝᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱨᱥᱤᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱯᱚᱫᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱚᱫᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱛᱳ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱛᱳ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡ ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱯᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱥᱤᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱡ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱝ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱣᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱫᱫᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱢᱩᱨᱥᱤᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱨᱚᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟ (ᱵᱚᱰᱟᱨ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱫᱫᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱫᱫᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱩᱪᱩᱲᱟ, ᱥᱨᱤᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨᱫᱤᱯ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱓᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ-ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱩᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱯ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ, ᱰᱟᱪ, ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱝ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ-ᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱡᱩᱛᱩᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱥᱟᱠᱳ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ/ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ (ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ) ᱺ
- ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱠᱳ (ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ) ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ (ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱵᱨᱤᱡ) ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱱᱤᱵᱷᱮᱫᱤᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ (ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱠᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ) ᱵᱟᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱨᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱠᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ (ᱵᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ, ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ) ᱵᱟᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱨᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ (ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱩᱵᱤᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ, ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱮᱥᱠᱟᱨ) ᱵᱮᱱᱰᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱳᱭᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱤᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ (ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ) ᱵᱟᱥᱵᱮᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱜᱳᱶᱨᱟᱝᱜᱚ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱫᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱮᱫᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱲᱟᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱨᱚᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱤᱨᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱨᱚᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ
- ᱱᱟᱥᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ (ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ ᱮᱥᱠᱟᱨ) ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱟᱡᱤᱢᱜᱚᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱥᱤᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ
- ᱠᱟᱞᱱᱟ - ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ[᱒]
- ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ - ᱵᱚᱡᱵᱚᱡ ᱥᱟᱠᱳ[᱒]
ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
The Prinsep Ghat which is located on the bank of the Hooghly River
Char on the river at Bansberia, Hooghly district
Boats on the river at Shimurali, Nadia district
The river behind Hazarduari Palace in Murshidabad district
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Hugli River - river, India".
- ↑ ᱒.᱐ ᱒.᱑ "Three river bridges in WB to boost trade, highlight culture". The Indian Express (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2017-10-06. Retrieved 2018-03-12.


c: text/html

text:
ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ
ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱩᱭᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱤᱠᱳ, ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮ
ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ (Description)[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱩᱫᱵᱷᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ, ᱯᱚᱴᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ᱠᱮᱞᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱟᱱᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱢᱤᱞᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱚᱠᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱯᱷᱮᱱᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱥᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱚ ᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾
ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ ᱪᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱥᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱰᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱷᱟᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱫᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱩᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱦᱞᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱥᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟ:
- ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱡ ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
- ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱚᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾
- ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱴᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾
- ᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱠᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
- ᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾
- ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾
- ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱲᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱡ ᱢᱚᱪᱦᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨᱠᱩ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Media related to Psidium at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Psidium at Wikispecies
- California Rare Fruit Growers: Tropical Guava Fruit Facts
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Psidium"। Germplasm Resources Information Network। United States Department of Agriculture।

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱣᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱑᱗᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱥᱤᱝᱡᱤ ᱜᱚᱦᱤᱞ (᱑᱗᱐᱓ᱼ᱑᱗᱖᱔) ᱮ ᱪᱮᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱯᱩᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱢᱵᱷᱟᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱟᱯᱩᱫᱟᱜ ᱭᱟᱨᱰ, ᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ ᱥᱱᱮᱠ 'ᱜᱟᱬᱛᱷᱤᱴᱟ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱹᱦ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱚᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱣᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱤᱭᱟᱣᱟᱲ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ 21°46′N 72°09′E / 21.77°N 72.15°E ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱔ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱗᱘ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱓.᱓ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ᱒ (᱒᱐.᱖ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱹᱭᱤᱞ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱠᱤᱞ ᱰᱷᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱝᱵᱷᱟᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱱᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱸᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱱᱟᱹᱞᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱨᱼᱵᱟᱨᱚᱦᱢᱟᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ,[᱓] ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱕᱙᱓,᱗᱖᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱖% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱕᱙.᱕% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ; ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱑% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱐% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱔] ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱒% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱘% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱥᱩᱨᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱰᱳᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱣᱦᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ VTCOS ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱥ, ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ, ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱥᱩᱨᱚᱛ, ᱵᱚᱰᱳᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱢᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ, ᱠᱚᱪᱤ, ᱠᱣᱤᱞᱚᱱ, ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱣᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ, ᱠᱟᱠᱲᱟ (ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱗᱒᱐᱓) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱾[᱕] ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱞᱤᱸᱠ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱮᱞᱟᱭᱟᱸᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ (ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ) ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱳᱴᱚ ᱨᱤᱠᱥᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "BMC – Bhavnagar Municipal Corporation". Retrieved 25 November 2016.
- ↑ "Bhavnagar, India Page". Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
- ↑ "Bhavnagar City Population Census 2011 – Gujarat". Retrieved 25 November 2016.
- ↑ [Geographic reference|India]
- ↑ "BVC/Bhavnagar Terminus Railway Station Map/Atlas WR/Western Zone – Railway Enquiry". Retrieved 25 November 2016.
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Government/Administration:
- Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments
- ᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱫ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟᱠᱚ
- Wikipedia page with obscure country or subdivision
- Coordinates on Wikidata
- Pages using infobox settlement with unknown parameters
- Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata
- Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
- Pages with red-linked authority control categories
- Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers
- Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
- Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers
- ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
- ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ
- ᱥᱚᱣᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ (ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ)
- ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ
- 1723 establishments in India


text:
ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱠᱚ
ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱫᱮᱨᱢᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ (ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱟᱫᱮᱨᱢᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ) ᱾ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱰ
- Wikidata ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ᱱᱟᱶᱟ
- ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱠᱮᱫᱟ (ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ)
- ᱱᱟᱥᱮ
- ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ
- ᱵᱚᱴ
- ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱴ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣᱠᱟᱫᱟ
- (±123)
- ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱱᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱭᱤᱴᱥ ᱛᱮ
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᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱒
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱑᱒:᱓᱓ +᱒᱔᱒ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ (→ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱜᱚᱛᱟᱣᱠᱚ: ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱳᱭᱮᱵ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ Advanced mobile edit
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱔:᱒᱖ +᱗᱑ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ (added Category:ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ using HotCat)
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱔:᱒᱔ +᱓ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱔:᱑᱔ +᱑᱓ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ
- ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱐᱓:᱕᱗ +᱑᱗᱙ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱐᱓:᱕᱒ +᱒᱑᱓ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱓:᱕᱐ −᱙ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱓:᱔᱘ +᱕᱔ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ (→ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ)
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱓:᱔᱘ +᱔᱖ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱓:᱔᱕ −᱔ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ (→ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ)
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱓:᱔᱔ +᱙᱘᱒ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ (→ᱨᱟᱭᱨᱤᱛ)
- ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱺᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱐᱓:᱓᱕ +᱑᱑᱑ R Ashwani Banjan Murmu ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ


text:
ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ
ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ (ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ: Pulau Borneo, ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ: Kalimantan) ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱫᱤᱯᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ, ᱥᱩᱞᱟᱣᱮᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱗᱓% ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱖% ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱣᱟᱠ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱑% ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡ ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱡᱳᱠᱳ ᱩᱣᱫᱳᱰᱳ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ[᱑] ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱯᱷᱤ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ[᱒][᱓] ᱾ ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱬᱩᱱ (वरुण) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ "ᱫᱟᱜ" ᱥᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ, ᱵᱚᱬᱩᱱ[᱔] ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱒.᱑ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ), ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱙ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱰᱟᱭᱟᱠ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ, ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ, ᱵᱟᱱᱡᱟᱨ, ᱳᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱞᱩ, ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱡᱟᱱ-ᱫᱩᱥᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ (Wikivoyage) ᱨᱮ
- Media related to ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ at Wikimedia Commons
- Environmental Profile of Borneo – Background on Borneo, including natural and social history, deforestation statistics, and conservation news.
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Lyons, Kate (2019-08-27). "Why is Indonesia moving its capital city? Everything you need to know". The Guardian (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-09-13.
- ↑ "Kaart van het eiland Borneo, 1601, Benjamin Wright".
- ↑ "ANTIQUE MAP BORNEO BY DE BRY (C.1602)".
- ↑ Media, Kompas Cyber. "Hari Nusantara, Kenali Nama Lawas 5 Pulau Besar di Indonesia Halaman all". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-08-03.


text:
ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ (ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ: ਮਨਮੋਹਨ ਸਿੰਘ; ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ : ᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱓᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑᱔ ᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱱᱚᱨᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱚᱝ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤᱜ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱓᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱦᱚ (ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱾
ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱢᱨᱤᱛᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱥᱚᱨᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱣᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱯᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱝ, ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱾[᱑]
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱥ (ᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱬ ᱥᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱚ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ), ᱨᱚᱡᱽᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱨᱮᱱᱴᱤ ᱟᱠᱴ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱟ ᱒ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Dr. Manmohan Singh: Personal Profile". Prime Minister's Office, Government of India. Archived from the original on 3 ᱢᱟᱨᱪ 2009. Retrieved 4 ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 2009.
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Prime Ministers Office, Archived
- Profile and CV of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Prime Ministers Office, Archived
- Cabinet of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Prime Ministers Office, Archived


text:
ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ
ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ (ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱺ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ) ᱜᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱮᱱᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱥᱤᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱜ - ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱴᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ, ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱞᱤᱫᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱰ, ᱯᱮᱞᱚᱨᱵᱚᱨᱰ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱢᱟᱪᱤᱥ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱞᱤᱫᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱯᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱮᱱᱚᱨ (contenor) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ, ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱷᱞᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱠᱴᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ (rectangular) ᱠᱨᱚᱥ - ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱷᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱨᱚᱥ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱠᱣᱮᱨ (square),ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ, ᱜᱩᱱᱦᱟᱺᱬ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤ ᱧᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ - ᱟ; ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱵᱚᱸᱫᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱱᱫᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱩᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱠᱩᱣᱮᱨ (square) ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ - ᱟ᱾
ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱚᱠᱠᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ, ᱚᱨ, ᱜᱷᱮᱥᱠᱮᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱪᱚᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ, ᱚᱠᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱚᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱾
ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱮᱞᱠᱴᱨᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱵᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
- ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱮᱥ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱣᱤᱴᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱞᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱡᱟᱱᱠᱥᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ container ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ electrical connection ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ frequently ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ electrical containing ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱯᱷᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱠᱥ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ electrical fuse ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ ᱥᱮ circuit breaker ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱵᱮᱱᱰ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ, ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱭᱩᱡᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟ ᱾
- ᱥᱤᱴ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ (ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ), ᱥᱮᱢᱤ - ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ
- ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱩᱱ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱴᱤᱮᱤᱨᱭᱟᱞ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾


text:
ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱨᱟᱭᱤᱰᱥ
ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱨᱟᱭᱤᱰᱥ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱜᱩᱫᱟ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱣᱟᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱟᱵᱟᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱛ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱛ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱜᱽ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱚᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱥᱟᱺᱦᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱢᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱞᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱ ᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱢᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱣᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱴᱮᱭᱜᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ,ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ (Bengali: তানোর ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱟᱦᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱖᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱭᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱘᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱟᱦᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱓᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ-ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱠᱚᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢᱚᱛᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱫᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱟᱦᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱫᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱫᱟᱜᱟᱲᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱵᱟᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱵᱟᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱽ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱛᱩ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ, ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ, ᱒᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱳᱣᱡᱟ, ᱑᱖᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱛᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ
- ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱵᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭᱤᱲ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱱᱡᱟᱭ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱛᱟᱞᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢᱜᱟᱶ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱪᱟᱸᱱᱫᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ
- ᱛᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱯᱤᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ
- ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱩᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ
ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑,᱑᱙,᱓᱓᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱤᱠᱱᱟᱸᱛᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱤᱠᱱᱟᱸᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱘.᱘% ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱑.᱑%, ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱖.᱗% ᱾
ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵᱽᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱩᱞᱚᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ, ᱟᱹᱞᱩ, ᱠᱩᱲᱪᱟᱹ, ᱜᱩᱦᱩᱢ, ᱡᱚᱸᱰᱨᱟ, ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱟᱲ, ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱟᱞᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱩᱠ(ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ )
- ᱢᱟᱦᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱤ (ᱵᱟᱝᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱥ)
ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]


text:
ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱵᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱑᱐,᱘᱕᱖ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ : ᱑,᱕᱔᱔,᱓᱓᱘ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ, ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱪᱚᱛ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱟᱱᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱕0 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱢᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ । ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ Backward Region Grant Fund Programme (BRGF) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ।
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱲᱟ ᱙᱘.᱔᱐% ᱦᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱲ ᱪᱟᱲ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱲᱟ ᱐.᱕᱘ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱲᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱲ ᱪᱟᱲ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱾
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱙᱑.᱕᱑% ᱦᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱭ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱲᱟ ᱐᱖.᱓᱔ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱭᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱭᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱑,᱕᱔᱔,᱓᱙᱒ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱒᱓ ᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕᱓ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱟ.ᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ - ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱰᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑᱖.᱐᱙% ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ- ᱥᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱙᱗᱐ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱡᱤᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱖᱒.᱕᱑% ᱾


text:
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ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱱᱢᱮ
᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱵᱷᱳᱭᱮᱥᱮᱥ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ , ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱧᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱰ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱞᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ 501(c)3 , Friends of Global Voices, ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱛᱟᱝᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ( tax-exempt for U.S ) ᱨᱤᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱥ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱥ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱡᱮᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱨᱮᱰᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ (ᱯᱮ ᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱶᱴ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ).
ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱫᱟᱱᱠᱚ, ᱠᱳᱨᱯᱳᱨᱮᱴ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ,ᱠᱚᱠᱩᱞᱤ?
ᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱞᱮᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱤᱵᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱜᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ivan@globalvoices.org. ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱾
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text:
ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱴ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ
ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱴ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱴ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱮᱱ ᱴᱤ, ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱮᱢᱵᱮᱰᱮᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱒᱐ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱥ ᱰᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱓]
ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱑᱐, ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ, ᱴᱟᱵᱽᱞᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱶᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱮᱱᱹᱴᱤᱹᱺ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱮᱱᱹᱴᱤ ᱓ᱹ᱑ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱺ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱝᱨ ᱝᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱴᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱑᱐ ᱾
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱺ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ R ᱒ ᱾
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱯᱹᱤᱹ ᱺ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱵᱽ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱨᱳᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱰ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱺ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱢᱚᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱯᱮᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱗ ᱞᱮᱠᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱑᱐ ᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱝᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱮᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱙ ᱮᱠᱥ
- ᱣᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Listing of available Windows 7 language packs". Msdn.microsoft.com. Retrieved ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 5, 2014.
- ↑ "App packages and deployment (Windows Store apps) (Windows)". Msdn.microsoft.com. Archived from the original on ᱢᱟᱨᱪ 30, 2014. Retrieved ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 5, 2014.
- ↑ "The Unusual History of Microsoft Windows". Retrieved ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 22, 2007.


text:
ᱦᱚᱨᱚ
ᱦᱚᱨᱚ (Turtles) ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱢ ᱴᱮᱥᱴᱩᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱵᱤᱝ (ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱥᱨᱤᱯ) ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱣᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱬ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱥᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱣᱟᱪ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾[᱒] ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱸᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱑᱕.᱗ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱝᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱯᱨᱟᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱥᱨᱤᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱵᱽ ᱩᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱓᱒᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱥᱛᱤᱛᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱸᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱓᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾᱾ [᱓]
ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱴᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱᱭᱟ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱤᱫᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱮᱸᱜᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱟᱬ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱚᱨ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱟᱹᱝᱠᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮ ᱟᱪᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱨᱟ ᱣᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱟᱫᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱪᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱥᱨᱤᱯ
- ᱴᱟᱸᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ
ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱚᱨᱵᱷ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Testudines". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ↑ Alderton, D. (1986). An Interpret Guide to Reptiles & Amphibians. London & New York: Salamander Books. ASIN B0010NVLQS
- ↑ Angier, N. (December 12, 2012). "All but Ageless, Turtles Face Their Biggest Threat: Humans". The New York Times.


text:
ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ
ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱙᱔᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑]
ᱚᱛᱱᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱪᱩᱰᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱤᱪᱩᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ 24°49′N 93°57′E / 24.82°N 93.95°E ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱗᱘᱖ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱖᱘,᱒᱔᱓ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱗᱗,᱑᱙᱖ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱙᱐ % , ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱕% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱗% ᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ , ᱑᱐ % ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ, ᱓ᱹ᱗᱕ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ, ᱐ᱹ᱕᱔ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱥᱴ, ᱐ᱹ᱔᱕ % ᱡᱮᱭᱱ ᱐ᱹ᱑᱘ % ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱫᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱑᱘,᱗᱓᱔ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱜᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ, ᱪᱤᱝᱟᱝᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱟᱭ, ᱠᱷᱚᱝᱢᱟᱱ, ᱠᱷᱩᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱡᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱟᱭ, ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱢᱮᱜᱮᱭ, ᱠᱚᱝᱠᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱮᱭ, ᱞᱟᱭᱯᱷᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱯᱟᱦᱤ, ᱞᱟᱭᱨᱤᱠᱷᱚᱝᱵᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱮᱭ, ᱞᱟᱢᱡᱚᱴᱚᱝᱵᱟ, ᱞᱟᱢᱥᱟᱝ, ᱞᱟᱝᱡᱤᱝ, ᱞᱟᱝᱴᱷᱟᱵᱟᱞ ᱠᱩᱧᱡᱟ, ᱞᱟᱝᱴᱷᱟᱵᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱴᱨᱤᱠᱷᱚᱝ, ᱞᱤᱞᱚᱝ, ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱮᱭ,ᱱᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱠᱷᱟᱝᱞᱟᱠᱣᱟ ᱚᱭᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱤᱝᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱢᱯᱟᱴ, ᱯᱟᱝᱜᱮᱭ, ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞᱵᱟᱸᱫᱽ, ᱛᱟᱠᱭᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱞ, ᱛᱷᱚᱝᱡᱩ, ᱛᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱟᱝᱞᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱟᱝᱠᱞᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱮᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱢᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ "ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱛ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱟᱝᱵᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱤᱭᱟᱝᱴᱷᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱭᱨᱮᱢᱵᱤ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱢᱤᱠ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟ ᱯᱩᱡᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱮᱢᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Imphal and Kohima". Britain's Greatest Battles. National Army Museum. Archived from the original on 7 ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2015. Retrieved 9 ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2016.
- ↑ ᱒.᱐ ᱒.᱑ "Imphal City Population, Manipur". www.census2011.co.in. Census 2011. 2015. Retrieved 14 ᱡᱩᱱ 2018.


text:
ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ
ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱪᱨᱚᱭᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱣᱚᱥᱷᱤᱥᱴᱷ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱲ ᱟᱥᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱫᱨᱚᱬ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱲ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱥᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱸᱛᱚᱨᱜᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ---
(᱑) ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ-- ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ,
(᱒)ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ - ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ,
(᱓) ᱛᱟᱯᱥᱛᱷᱟᱞᱤ -- ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱣᱚᱪᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱢᱤᱥᱷᱟᱨᱬᱭᱚ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱰ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟ, ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱪᱟᱨᱭᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱷᱱ ᱟᱪᱟᱨᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱚ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱚᱨᱤᱥᱴᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱤᱯ ᱛᱟᱯᱚᱥᱪᱟᱨᱭᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱣᱤᱥᱣᱚᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱦᱢᱚᱛᱣᱚ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱫᱣᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱭᱟᱣᱦᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱠᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱩᱮᱩᱥᱨᱛᱷᱚ, ᱯᱩᱱ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱭᱚᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱫᱮᱥᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱫᱫᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱭᱚᱱᱭᱟᱥᱨᱤᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱯᱷᱟᱞᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱭᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱟᱬ , ᱶᱷᱚᱛᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱮᱥᱭᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱟᱹᱨ ᱖,᱘ ᱥᱮ ᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱭ ᱟᱣᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ( ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱯᱤᱛ, ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱳᱣᱤᱛ) ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱪᱟᱨᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱜᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱦᱤᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾


text:
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱫᱟᱹ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱽᱲᱟ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱠᱟᱹᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱡ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱡᱚ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ, ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ, ᱠᱟᱴ, ᱢᱟᱫ, ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱱ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱵᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱦᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱜ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ, ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱪᱤᱯᱨᱩᱜ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱣᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱦᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱦᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱡᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱩᱯᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱫᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ : ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ, ᱫᱮᱭᱟᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱵᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱚᱴ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱚᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ, ᱞᱚᱞᱚ, ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱩᱜᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ (ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ; ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱮᱭᱞᱳᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱼᱛᱤᱵᱽᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱵᱮᱛᱚᱼᱵᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱑.᱘ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱒᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭᱞᱳᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱼᱛᱤᱵᱽᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱩᱠᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱝᱠᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ (ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ) ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱑ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱘ ᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ post-graduate (ᱯᱤᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱰᱤ) ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭᱞᱳᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ undergraduate ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔]
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱣᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱕] ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭᱞᱳᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱳᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭᱞᱳᱱ - ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ+ᱞᱳᱱ) ᱾[᱕] ᱦᱩᱭᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤ 'ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ'+ᱛᱷᱮᱭ 'ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱕] ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱬᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱦᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱬᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭᱞᱳᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞᱟ ᱾[᱕]
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ "ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ) "ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱕] "ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ" ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱠᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ (natural) ᱨᱩᱯ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱕] ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱕] "ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ" ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ, ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱖] ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱶᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱗]
ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
᱑᱘ ᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱯᱟᱢᱦᱮᱭᱵᱟ, ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱛ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱪᱮᱸᱜᱷᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
᱑᱘ ᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱯᱟᱢᱦᱮᱭᱵᱟ, ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱼᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱫᱟᱥ ᱜᱳᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
᱑᱗᱐᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱬᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ (ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ) ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱬᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱵᱩ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱧᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨᱡᱟᱞ (ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ↑ ᱑.᱐ ᱑.᱑ ᱑.᱒ "Meitei". Ethnologue (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 10 April 2020.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Manipuri". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
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|chapterurl=ignored (help)
- ↑ Burling, Robbins (2003). "The Tibeto-Burman Languages of Northeastern India". In Thurgood, Graham; LaPolla, Randy J. (eds.). The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge. pp. 169–191. ISBN 0-7007-1129-5.
- ↑ Devi, S. (May 2013). "Is Manipuri an Endangered Language?" (PDF). Language in India. 13 (5): 520–533.
- ↑ ᱕.᱐ ᱕.᱑ ᱕.᱒ ᱕.᱓ ᱕.᱔ ᱕.᱕ ᱕.᱖ Chelliah (1997: 2)
- ↑ Thoudam, P. C. (2006). Demographic and Ethnographic Information: Problems in the analysis of Manipuri language. Central Institute of Indian Language.
- ↑ Haokip, P. (April 2011). "The Languages of Manipur: A Case Study of the Kuki-Chin Languages". Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 34 (1): 86–118.


text:
ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱵᱷᱟ.ᱴᱤᱭᱟ. ᱴᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱗᱙᱐ ᱪᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱑᱔᱖᱐ ᱪᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱢᱟᱭᱮᱞ) ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ[᱑] ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱓ ᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱡᱟ.ᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱜᱷᱮᱨᱤᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱩᱠᱢᱟ ।
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱩᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱢᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱢᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱭᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱣᱟᱢᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱝᱢᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚ ᱯᱟ.ᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱩᱭᱡᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱟᱜᱯᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ । ᱑᱗᱙᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱢᱚᱨᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ । ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱯᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱚᱨᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ (ᱜᱚᱫᱷᱟ) ᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱢᱯᱨᱟ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ । ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱫᱷᱟ ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱢᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱯᱮ- ᱠᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱭᱟ.ᱭ ᱞᱟ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ "ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱠᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ । ᱑᱘᱘᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩ - ᱥᱚᱭᱠᱷᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤᱭᱟ. ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ । ᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱮ "ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ , ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ।
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱛ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱗᱙᱐ ᱪᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ- ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱥᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱨᱩᱱᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱫᱷᱮᱢᱟᱡᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ । ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱦᱤᱛ, ᱵᱚᱲᱤ ᱫᱤᱦᱤᱝ, ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩ- ᱥᱚᱭᱠᱷᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ[᱒], ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱞᱚᱠᱦᱤᱚᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱠᱚᱠᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ।
ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱤᱱᱤᱥᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱰᱤᱵᱽᱜᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱰᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱜᱷᱮᱨᱤᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ । ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱭᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱯᱟᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ, ᱠᱳᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ, ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ। ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱪᱟ, ᱦᱩᱲᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱢᱵᱩ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ [᱓] ᱾
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Assam: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. p. 1116. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
{{cite book}}:
|last1=has generic name (help)
- ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Assam". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help)
- ↑ "Economy of Tinsukia District". IndiaNetzone. March 5, 2010. Retrieved June 17, 2012.


text:
ᱢᱩᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱟ-ᱩᱞ-ᱦᱚᱠ
ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱟ-ᱩᱞ-ᱦᱚᱠ (محمد ضياء الحق, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱺ ᱑᱒ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱒᱔, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱺ ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾) ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱰᱤᱠᱴᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱮᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱡᱩᱞᱯᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨ ᱚᱞᱤ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱴᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟᱠ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱵᱽᱡᱟᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱴᱳᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱮᱛ ᱱᱤᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱑] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱸᱡᱤᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱭ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱢᱟᱦᱟᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱦᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱒] ᱥᱟᱞ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱤ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱨᱤᱠᱤᱡᱽᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱸᱠ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱱᱰᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱰᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱦᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱞᱮᱠ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱨᱚᱦ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱵᱤᱛ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱡᱩᱞᱯᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨ ᱚᱞᱤ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱴᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱰᱤᱥᱚᱰᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱴᱳ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱚᱞ ᱞᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱠᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Haqqani, His Excellency and State Amabassador of Pakistan to the United States of America, dr. Hussain (2005). Pakistan: between mosque and military. Washington D.C.: United Book Press. p. 400. ISBN 978-0-87000-214-1.
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- ↑ Khanna, Sushil Khanna. "The Crisis in the Pakistan Economy". Sushil Khanna. Retrieved November 16, 2011.


text:
ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ
ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱔ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱱᱮᱵᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱳᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱥᱟᱱᱟᱞ ᱮᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱠᱨᱮᱰᱮᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ "ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ "ᱮᱹ" ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾
ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱸᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱑᱕᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱯᱱᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱰᱮᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱯᱱᱤᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱝᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱢᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ, ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱚᱦᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ (ᱳᱥᱠᱟᱨ) ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ - (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ - ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱞᱰ ᱨᱚᱥ, ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱴᱩᱨ, ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱱ, ᱚᱢᱚᱨᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱤᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱯᱟᱫᱽᱫᱷᱟᱭ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ (ᱱᱤᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱯᱱᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Budget Publication No. 23 (PDF). Government of West Bengal. 2021. p. 95. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
- ↑ "NIRF 2022" (PDF). Calcutta University.
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
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text:
ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ
ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱤᱵᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱳᱜᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ citrus reticuata ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ Mandarin orange,Mandarin and mandarine᱾ᱱᱚᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ rutaceae ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡ ᱟᱨ cirtus᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ᱾ ᱟᱱᱵᱤᱠ ᱜᱵᱮᱥᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱮ, ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟ.ᱛ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱢᱤ ᱜᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱑᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱵᱟᱫ ᱫᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱢᱜᱚᱱᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱛᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱵᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱜᱤᱭᱟ,ᱛᱵᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ᱾ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ.ᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱞᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱨᱝ᱾ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱭ-ᱟ᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱚ ᱦᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱭ-ᱟ᱾
ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱴᱟ ᱠᱳᱨᱮᱴᱤᱱ ᱚ ᱮᱱᱴᱤ-ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱚᱴ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱞᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
- ᱢᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟ.ᱲᱮᱺᱢᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟ.ᱲᱮ ᱴᱤᱠ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱲᱩᱨ ᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱮ᱾ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱰᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱛᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱭᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱜᱤᱭᱟ᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾
- ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱱᱩ ᱜᱚᱡᱺ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱷᱟ ᱚ ᱵᱤᱴᱟ ᱠᱳᱨᱮᱴᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾
- ᱨᱩᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱛ ᱺ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱲᱩᱨ ᱜᱤᱭᱟ᱾ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱮᱱᱴᱤ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱞᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱦᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ,ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱢᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱛ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ᱾
- ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱢᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱛ ᱺ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱟ ᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱢᱚ ᱦᱚ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱟ᱾ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱢᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱤ ,ᱮᱱᱴᱤ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱢᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ᱾
- ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱢ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱱᱟᱺ ᱡᱟᱸᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ heart beat ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾


text:
Pandit Raghunath Murmu
Pandit Raghunath Murmu (Biography)
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱼᱢᱩᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱤᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱣᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ। ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱭ ᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ। ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱤᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱮᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ।
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ , ᱚᱞ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ, ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ। ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱧᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ। ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱑᱙᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱢᱟᱺᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ।
ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ 'ᱪᱩᱱᱩ' ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ।
ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱳᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱥᱳᱜ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ, ᱟᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ 'ᱨᱚᱜᱷᱩ' ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱫ। ᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ।
ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱸᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ U.P. SCHOOL ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭ। ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱫ। ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱡ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱫ। ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱟᱸᱜᱚᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ।
ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ। ᱑᱙᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱸᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ U.P. SCHOOL ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱲᱫᱟ M.E. SCHOOL ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ। ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱼᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱰᱩᱝᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱮᱨᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।
ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ 'ᱵᱤᱫᱩᱼᱪᱟᱸᱫᱟᱱ' ᱛᱟᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱭ। ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱛᱮᱠᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱮᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ।" ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ। ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ N.K.G. SCHOOL ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ।
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ BARIPADA HIGH SCHOOL ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱨᱮ। ᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ। ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ।
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱤᱫᱤᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱭ। ᱑᱙᱒᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ। ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱩᱥᱟᱹᱲᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ।
ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ। ᱑᱙᱓᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱩᱪᱩᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱳᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱨᱚᱧᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ।
᱑᱙᱓᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ BARIPADA PAWER HOUSE ᱠᱷᱚᱱ APPRENTICE DIPLOMA ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ। ᱪᱟᱠᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱚᱨᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱛᱮᱹᱛᱮᱹᱧ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ। ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱲᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱧᱡᱚᱫᱮᱣ ᱤᱡ ᱫᱮᱣᱟᱱ P. K. SEN ᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱱᱤᱠᱮᱛᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱥᱟᱵᱟ (ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱚᱨᱜᱚᱱᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ INDUSTRIAL TRINING ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱯᱟᱫᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ PURNA CHANDRA INDUSTRIAL TRINING INSTITUTE ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ।
᱑᱙᱓᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱦᱳᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ। ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ P.K. SEN ᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢᱛᱚᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱳᱰᱮᱞ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞᱤᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ। ᱑᱙᱓᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ 'ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱞ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ। ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ 'ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ' ᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ। ᱑᱙᱓᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 'ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ' ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ।
ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱮᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ। ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱯᱟᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ। ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱸᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱡ ᱢᱟᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ। ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱯᱟᱫᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱰᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱧᱡᱚᱫᱮᱣ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱫ।
ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱸᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱟᱝᱵᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱳᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ। ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ।
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ।
ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ। ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ।
᱑) ᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ (᱑᱙᱓᱖)
᱒) ᱵᱤᱫᱩᱼᱪᱟᱸᱫᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ (᱑᱙᱔᱒)
᱓) ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱞ (᱑᱙᱓᱖)
᱔) ᱚᱞ ᱪᱮᱢᱮᱫ
᱕) ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ (᱑᱙᱔᱘)
᱖) ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱚᱣᱟᱲ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ
᱗) ᱚᱞ ᱩᱯᱩᱨᱩᱢ (᱑᱙᱕᱔) ᱘) ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ (᱑᱙᱕᱔)
᱙) ᱦᱤᱛᱟᱹᱞ (᱑᱙᱖᱖) ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ, ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ
᱑᱐) ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ (᱑᱙᱖᱖)
᱑᱑) ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ
᱑᱒) ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱮᱬ (᱑᱙᱖᱗)
᱑᱓) ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ (᱑᱙᱖᱘)
᱑᱔)ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ (᱑᱙᱗᱖)
᱑᱕) ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱚᱯᱟᱫ (᱑᱙᱙᱒)
᱑᱖) ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱼᱠᱟᱱᱦᱩ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ (᱑᱙᱙᱖)
᱑᱗) ᱚᱞ ᱤᱛᱟᱹ
᱑᱘) ᱨᱟᱜ ᱟᱸᱫᱳᱲ
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱠᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱜᱤ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ। 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ। ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱸᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ।
ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ। ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱖᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ), ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱮᱨᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱫ'।
᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱐ ᱯᱮᱵᱨᱩᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱺᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱤᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ, ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱳᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱸᱛᱠᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱰᱟᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ 'ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ' ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ।
ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ , ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱼᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱚᱱᱟ।
ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ , ᱧᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ। ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ 'ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱣᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ। Mr. M.D. Julious Tidge ᱫᱚ "Great inventor and Dramatist" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ।
ᱫᱷᱩᱢᱠᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ , ᱨᱟᱸᱪᱤ , ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ 'Doctorate in Literature' ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ। ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱫᱚ 'ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱣᱫᱮᱭᱟ। ᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।
ᱱᱨᱤᱛᱚᱛᱛᱚᱵᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱫᱚ 'Priest of Tribes' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟᱭ। ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ 'A Great Orator with Charming Voice' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ।
California University ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ Martin Orence ᱫᱚ 'Spiritual Guru' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ। ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱢᱺᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱤᱰᱤᱥᱥᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ 'Founder of santhali Language, Literature and OL CHIKI SCRIPT' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ।
ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱡᱳᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱥᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱣᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱽᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱤᱨᱮ।
ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ 'ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ' ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ। ᱟᱨ 'ᱚᱞ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ' ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ। ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ,ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱟᱨ 'ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ। ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱚᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱡᱩᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱱᱟ। ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱢᱟᱱᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱭᱡᱩᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱱᱟ।


text:
ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ
ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱷᱤᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱵᱽ (ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱲ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱼᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱱᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ, ᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ,[᱑] ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗,᱘᱙᱗ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱒.᱕% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱔᱗.᱕% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱐% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱑.᱘% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ; ᱗᱘% ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱖᱑.᱑% ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱙᱐᱓ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱙᱕%, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱭᱱ ᱫᱚ (᱐.᱐᱑%) ᱟᱨ ᱕% ᱢᱩᱥᱚᱞᱢᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ
ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟᱼᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱔᱖ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨᱼᱛᱤᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱸᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱚᱱᱫᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱤᱨ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱤᱯᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱰᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
- ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ
ᱞᱚᱠ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ, ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
- ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ
ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ NH 31, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱴᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱔ᱼᱞᱮᱱ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱣᱮ, ᱟᱨ NH 20 ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱤᱯᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱒ᱼᱞᱮᱱ NH ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱥᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱔ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨᱼᱛᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱠᱷᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱛᱩᱦᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱪ. ᱑᱐᱘ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱ.ᱮᱪ. ᱓᱐ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.


text:
ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱨᱤᱥᱟᱞ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ᱾
ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱤᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱚᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱱᱳᱣᱟᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱩᱯᱳᱡᱮᱞᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱤᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:
- ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ
- ᱛᱚᱡᱽᱢᱩᱫᱫᱤᱱ
- ᱫᱳᱣᱞᱳᱛᱠᱷᱟᱱ
- ᱵᱳᱨᱦᱟᱱᱩᱫᱫᱤᱱ
- ᱢᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨᱟ
- ᱞᱟᱞᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ
- ᱪᱚᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱢᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ
- ᱪᱚᱨ ᱠᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱠᱨᱤ
- ᱵᱳᱨᱦᱟᱱᱩᱫᱫᱤᱱ ᱪᱦᱳᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ ᱡᱚᱢᱤᱫᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱲᱤ
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱢᱳᱥᱛᱳᱯᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ
- ᱱᱚᱞᱤᱱᱤ ᱫᱟᱥ
- ᱢᱳᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱟᱵᱫᱩᱞ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱛ
- ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱞᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱢᱟᱱ
- ᱛᱳᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱟᱦᱢᱮᱫᱽ (ᱮᱢᱯᱤ)
- ᱟᱢᱤᱱᱩᱞ ᱦᱚᱠ


text:
ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱣᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱓᱒"᱐᱖' ᱟᱨ ᱒᱔"᱑᱙' ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱗᱕"᱔᱑' ᱟᱨ ᱗᱗"᱐᱒' ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱩᱡᱽᱡᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ, ᱫᱮᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱦᱚᱨ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱣᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱩᱡᱡᱮᱱ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱡᱡᱮᱱ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱟᱦᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱔᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱟᱦᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱯᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱳᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱜᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ, ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ, ᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱨᱮᱴᱮᱥᱤᱭᱚᱥᱼᱯᱮᱞᱤᱭᱚᱥᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱠᱠᱚᱱ ᱴᱨᱮᱯ ᱵᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱥᱟᱞᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ, ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱦᱚᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱠᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱴᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱦᱤᱨ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱵᱨᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱦᱚᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱞᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵᱟᱱ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱭ ᱟ :
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱕,᱑᱒,᱖᱘᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,[᱑] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱷᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱵᱳᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ[᱒] ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱾[᱓] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱓᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ (᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱒᱔᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱖᱓᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱒᱐᱐᱑-᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱑᱗.᱑᱗% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱓᱙ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ,[᱑] ᱟᱨ ᱗᱐.᱑᱗% ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱙᱙.᱙᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾[᱔]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ ᱑.᱐ ᱑.᱑ ᱑.᱒ ᱑.᱓ ᱑.᱔ ᱑.᱕ "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01.
Gabon 1,576,665
- ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
Hawaii 1,360,301
- ↑ 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
- ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901


text:
ᱜᱟᱞᱮ (ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ)
ᱜᱟᱞᱮ (ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱺගාල්ල; ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱺகாலி) ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱑᱙ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡᱽ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱢᱦᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ/ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ 'ᱠᱟᱞᱤ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱣᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱰᱟᱪᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ (development) ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱢᱦᱟᱴᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ "ᱜᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ" ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱴᱟ ᱰᱟᱝᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱰᱟᱝᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱞᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱝᱠᱚᱞᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱼᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱟᱞᱞᱟ, ගාල්ල, ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱾ ᱰᱟᱪ ᱥᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱮᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱞᱳ (ᱥᱟᱹᱰᱤ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱮᱥᱴ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱭᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ-ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱭᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱒᱖° ᱥᱮᱞᱥᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱡᱮᱵᱚᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ (sizeable city) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱐᱑,᱗᱔᱙ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱢᱳᱨ (ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ A2 ᱦᱟᱭᱳᱭᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱳᱰ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱦᱟᱢᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱴᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "World Weather Information Service — Galle". World Meteorological Organisation. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
- ↑ "Ever Recorded Daily Extreme Values" (PDF). Department of Meteorology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2009. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱜᱟᱞᱮ ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ (Wikivoyage) ᱨᱮ
- Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications, UNESCO World Heritage
- Official website of the Sri Lanka Tourism Board


text:
ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱡᱳᱨ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ | ᱱᱚᱣᱟ "ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ" ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟ.ᱦᱤᱞ ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱩᱛ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. "ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱟ", ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱟ.ᱦᱱᱤ" ᱟᱨ "ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱟᱨ",ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱟ.ᱦᱱᱤ ᱞᱟ.ᱞᱟ.ᱭᱤᱡ" ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ-ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ | ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱱᱟᱪᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ.ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟ.ᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱩᱦᱩᱠ,ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱟ.ᱲ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱚ | ᱵᱷᱚᱠᱛᱤ ᱟᱱᱫᱚᱲᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱚᱵᱛᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱩᱥᱱᱚ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱫᱟ.ᱨ-ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟ.ᱦᱱᱤᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ-ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ |
ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ 'ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ' ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ 'ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ' ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱮᱞᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱢᱟ.ᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟᱭ | ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱞ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ | ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱞᱟᱜᱽ-ᱟᱞᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑. ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱒. ᱵᱚᱱᱟᱨᱳᱥ ᱓. ᱞᱳᱠᱷᱱᱳᱣ |
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱱᱳᱫᱽᱜᱨᱟᱥ (Mary Snodgrass) ᱦᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟ.ᱦᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱔᱐᱐ ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱤ (400 BCE) ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟ. ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ |


text:
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ (ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱺ yлaaHбaaTap, ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ) ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱥᱚᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑.᱓ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱫᱷᱮᱠ (half) ᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑,᱓᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱔.᱓᱐᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ, ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱡᱽᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱵᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱑᱖᱓᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱳᱱᱟᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱩᱯᱷᱮᱪᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱯ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱢᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤ (ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱᱺ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ, HoMыH xүpээ) ᱟᱨ (ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ, Иx Xүpээ) ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱷᱩᱱᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤ (ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ; Hийcлэл Xүpээ, "ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱩᱵᱟᱹ") ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾
᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ (yлaaHбaaTap) ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ (Paleolithic) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱓᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱔᱔᱓᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱳᱜᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱒᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱳᱜᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ protected ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (Düüregs) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱᱩᱨ, ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱᱜᱟᱭ, ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱱᱜᱳᱞ, ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱱᱡᱩᱨᱠᱷ, ᱪᱤᱱᱜᱮᱞᱛᱮᱭ, ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱞ, ᱱᱟᱞᱟᱭᱠᱷ, ᱥᱳᱱᱜᱤᱱᱳ, ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱷᱵᱟᱛᱟᱨ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱑᱒᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱳᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱮᱡᱽᱥᱮᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱩᱞᱟᱱᱵᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ ": HийcлэлийH cTaTиcTиkийH raзap – HийcлэлийH xүH aM" (PDF). ubstat.mn. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
- ↑ Sub-national HDI. "Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ).


text:
ᱱᱟᱜᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
Nageshwari (Bengali: নাগেশ্বরী)ᱱᱟᱜᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱑᱕.᱘᱐ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱖᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ, ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱜᱨᱟᱢ-᱑ (ᱱᱟᱜᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨᱤ, ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱩᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤ) ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ, ᱱᱟᱜᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨᱤ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ, ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱥᱯᱩᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱠᱚ
- ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ
- ᱨᱟᱭᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ
- ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱥᱯᱩᱨ
- ᱵᱟᱢᱚᱱᱰᱟᱝᱜᱟ
- ᱱᱮᱳᱣᱟᱥᱤ
- ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ
- ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱚᱨᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚ
- ᱱᱩᱱᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟ
- ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ
- ᱵᱮᱨᱩᱵᱟᱲᱤ
- ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱨ
- ᱠᱚᱪᱟᱠᱟᱴᱟ
- ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷᱮᱨᱠᱟᱥ
- ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱᱯᱤᱨ
ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱩ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱓,᱒᱒,᱓᱙᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱗᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ,, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ-᱑.᱔᱘% ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ-᱐.᱒᱖%
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]


text:
ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ
ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱵᱟᱲᱤ᱾ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱵᱟᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱨᱤᱨᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱜᱟᱡᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱗ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ
- ᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱩᱭᱟᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
- ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱟᱫᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
- ᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱡᱤᱦᱟᱞ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
- ᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱫᱫᱤᱜᱷᱤ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
- ᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱮᱛᱵᱥᱲᱤ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
- ᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱭᱚᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
- ᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ
ᱜᱟᱰᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱜᱟᱡᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱠᱷᱚᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]


text:
ᱱᱚᱜᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱱᱚᱜᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱬ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱥᱚᱱᱤᱛᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱞᱟᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱶᱷᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ৷
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱚᱰ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱴᱚ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱨᱟ.ᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ। ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟ.ᱣ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ । ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱠᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱚᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱯᱨᱟᱜᱽ ᱡᱚᱛᱤᱥ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛ3 ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱭᱟ। ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱚᱫᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱚᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱠᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱱᱚᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱩᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱜᱽ ᱡᱚᱛᱤᱥ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣᱤᱡ-ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱭᱟ। ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱳᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱨᱩᱯ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚᱣᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱠᱛᱤ ᱯᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱬ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱕᱐ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽ ᱫᱚᱛᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱱᱚᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱩᱨ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱥᱩᱨᱳ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱟ.ᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱯ ᱞᱟ.ᱲᱦᱟ.ᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ।
ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ, ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ, ᱵᱚᱰᱚ, ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ।
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱜᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱒᱘,᱒᱖,᱐᱐᱖ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ। ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔,᱔᱐,᱓᱐᱗ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱡᱤᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱓,᱘᱕,᱖᱙᱙ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ। ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱙᱖᱒ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱡᱤᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।ᱱᱚᱜᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱗᱒.᱓᱗% । ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱖.᱕᱑% ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱡᱤᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟ ᱖᱘.᱐᱗ । ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ (᱐-᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ) ᱑᱖.᱒᱙%। ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ (᱐-᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ) ᱑᱖.᱒᱗% । ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟ4 ᱫᱚ (᱐-᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ) ᱑᱖.᱓᱐% ।


text:
ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱘ᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱷᱟᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱞᱯᱷᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱞᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱼ ᱑0 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱢᱳᱣᱡᱟ ᱼ ᱖ᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱟᱛᱚ ᱼ ᱑ᱭ0 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕᱗᱘᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱑᱓᱒᱖᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ, ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱑᱒᱕᱒᱓᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ, ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾


text:
ᱪᱤᱸᱰᱩ (ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ)
ᱪᱤᱸᱰᱩ (ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ)
ᱮᱥᱚᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱠᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩ ᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱸᱰᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱬ ᱜᱚᱰᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱩᱲᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱾ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱫᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱭ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ (ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤ-ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱭ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢᱚᱜ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱥᱠᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱰᱨᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱠᱱᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤ-ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱱᱟᱞᱴᱤ ᱥᱩᱴ ᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱞᱚᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱮᱥᱚᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱖᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱞᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱯ ᱫᱤ ᱜᱮᱢ (laws of the game) /(ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱛ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ Federation internationale de football Association ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱚᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱛᱮ FIFA ᱥᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱯᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱯᱟ ᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱠᱚᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱬ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱛᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ (laws of the game) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱞ ᱢᱟᱪᱷᱟ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ (ᱪᱤᱸᱰᱩ) ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱡᱚᱝᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ
ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱥᱟᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱑][᱒]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱮᱛ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱫᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱭᱟᱜᱷᱨᱚᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱵᱚᱥᱠᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱭᱟᱜᱷᱨᱚᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱗᱕ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞᱥᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱐ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱭᱫᱤ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱭᱫᱷᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱚᱸᱵᱮ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱡᱚᱝ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱷᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ, ᱩᱡᱟᱩᱫᱽᱫᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱤᱢ ᱚᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱡᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱱᱳᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱡᱟᱩᱫᱽᱫᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱤᱢ ᱚᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱒,᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱨᱛᱤᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱱᱤᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱹᱣᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱥᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱚᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱥᱤᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱰᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱖᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱦᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱵᱽ-ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱡᱷᱟᱹᱭ (᱑᱗᱖᱔) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚᱨᱩᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱮᱫᱽᱜᱚᱨᱵᱷ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱡᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱵᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Bihar Tourism: Retrospect and Prospect," Udai Prakash Sinha and Swargesh Kumar, Concept Publishing Company, 2012, ISBN 9788180697999
- ↑ "Revenue Administration in India: A Case Study of Bihar," G. P. Singh, Mittal Publications, 1993, ISBN 9788170993810


text:
ᱵᱷᱤᱨᱜᱤᱞ
ᱯᱩᱵᱽᱞᱤᱭᱩᱥ ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤᱭᱩᱥ ᱢᱟᱨᱳ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱨᱜᱤᱞᱤᱭᱩᱥ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱡᱤᱞ (Virgil ᱥᱮ Vergil) ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱤᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨ (᱑᱒) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ National Epic ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱡᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱕ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱥᱩ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱗᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱥᱩ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ᱾
ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱮᱱᱤᱰ
- ᱮᱠᱞᱳᱜᱩᱭᱮᱥ
- ᱜᱮᱭᱚᱨᱜᱤᱠᱥ


text:
ᱟᱹᱛᱩ
ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱵᱚᱜᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ/ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ, ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ, ᱵᱮᱡᱷᱟ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ, ᱢᱩᱠᱟᱢ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ, ᱵᱷᱩᱡᱽᱱᱤ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ, ᱫᱷᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ, ᱢᱟᱺᱬ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ, ᱫᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ, ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ, ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ, ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱩᱸᱵᱟᱹ, ᱫᱚᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ, ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱴᱟᱱᱤ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ
- ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ l, ᱢᱟᱜᱢᱚᱬᱮ, ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ, ᱟᱹᱥᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟᱭ, ᱤᱨᱥᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ/ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵ ᱯᱩᱱᱩᱭ ᱱᱮᱸᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱦᱬᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
- ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ/ᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱢᱩᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱱᱟᱹᱴᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱚᱝ ᱡᱷᱟᱲ ᱮᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
- ᱜᱚᱴ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱛᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
- ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱢᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
- ᱵᱮᱡᱷᱟ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ


text:
ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ
ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱥᱚᱸᱛᱠᱟᱞ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱑᱓ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠᱛᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ. ᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱮᱫ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱞᱛᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱞᱛᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱤᱫᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾
ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱟᱫᱷᱭᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱣᱮᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱣᱟᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱭᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱩᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱥᱟᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱟᱹᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱟ᱾ᱠᱟᱢᱩᱠᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱩᱵᱷᱩᱛᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱜᱨᱟᱸᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱨᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱩᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱱᱭᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱣᱤᱥᱷᱞᱮᱥᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱣᱟᱵᱷᱟᱣᱤᱠ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ, ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱡ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱛᱷᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱲᱷ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱤᱥᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱤᱸᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱤᱸᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱡᱤᱠ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱛᱤᱠᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱛᱢᱜᱞᱟᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱟ᱾
ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱨᱵᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠᱛᱟ ᱜᱨᱟᱸᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱱᱚᱭᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱢᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱜᱚᱞᱯᱟᱱ ᱟᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱟᱪᱚᱜ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱯᱟᱜᱚᱞᱯᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱵᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱟᱸᱛᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱴᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱱᱟᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱣᱛᱤᱭ ᱣᱤᱟᱷᱣᱭᱩᱫᱷ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱣ ᱞᱣᱱᱟ᱾
ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱣᱤᱥᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱥᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱲᱷ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱤᱥᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱡᱨᱤᱱ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱟᱸᱣ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱟᱭ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱣᱟᱥᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱚ ᱫᱣᱮᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱪᱟᱬ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱤᱠᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱭ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱯᱷᱭᱫᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱚᱩᱥᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾
ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣᱟ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱠ ᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱫᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱦᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱟᱣᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱸᱛᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱵᱷᱤᱱᱟᱭ,ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟᱬ,ᱟᱨ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾
ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱡᱤᱠ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱸᱥᱚᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱑᱐,᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱣᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠ ᱜᱨᱟᱸᱛᱷᱤ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠ ᱨᱚᱜ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱥᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱪᱤᱠ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱟᱵᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱴᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱢᱟ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱩᱱᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱭ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱡ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱢ ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱚᱜᱭ ᱱᱟᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱯᱠᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱱᱩᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱥᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱯᱠᱟᱨ,ᱫᱟᱭᱟ,ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱬ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱣᱤᱨᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱟᱠᱣᱚᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ᱾ ᱟᱹᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱨᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱩᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱫᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾


text:
ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ
ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱨᱩᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱬᱚ ᱫᱮᱵᱚ (ᱤᱱᱟ.ᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱟ.ᱴᱭᱟ.ᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒ ᱳᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱧᱡᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱧᱪᱚᱨᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ, ᱦᱩᱵᱤᱧ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱾ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱚᱞᱤᱝᱜᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱱᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ.ᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱥᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓,᱘᱕᱐ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱾
ᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱜᱚᱧᱡᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱸᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱾
- ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱨᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱾
- ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱜᱚᱸᱡᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
- ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱨᱟᱭᱜᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ [᱑] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕,᱗᱕,᱘᱘᱐ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱴᱚᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱕,᱐᱕,᱓᱕᱔ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐,᱕᱒᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱒]
- ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱒,᱘᱒,᱐᱔᱑
- ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱒,᱙᱓,᱘᱓᱙
- ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟ.ᱡ ᱺ ᱘᱒,᱗᱗᱗
- ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱺ ᱕᱔.᱒᱙%
- ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱖᱕.᱕᱘%
- ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱔᱓.᱕᱙%
ᱛᱩᱥᱤᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ
- ᱟᱨ. ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱜᱤᱨᱤ
- ᱢᱳᱦᱱᱟ
- ᱨᱟᱭᱜᱳᱰᱟ
- ᱠᱟᱥᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
- ᱜᱩᱢᱢᱟ
- ᱱᱩᱣᱟᱜᱚᱰᱚ
ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱒᱙ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱛ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱺ
- ᱢᱳᱦᱱᱟ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱓᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱟᱨ. ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱱᱩᱣᱟᱜᱚᱰᱚ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱑᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱜᱩᱢᱢᱟ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱑᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱠᱟᱥᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱜᱳᱥᱟᱬᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱒᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ
- ᱨᱟᱭᱜᱳᱰᱟ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱑᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱧᱮᱢᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱜᱤᱨᱤ
- ᱜᱚᱱᱰᱚᱦᱟᱛᱤ
- ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ
- ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱜᱤᱨᱤ
ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤᱼᱟ.ᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱕᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱯᱟ.ᱪᱷᱞᱟ. ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟ.ᱴᱭᱟ.ᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ (ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱳᱱᱥ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ" (BRGF) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱮ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓]
ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱜᱤᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱲᱟᱠᱷᱮᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱤᱛ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱩᱯᱤᱥᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱨᱟᱛᱨᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Census 2011: Odisha: Provisional Population Totals
- ↑ Census 2011: Odisha: Rural Urban Distribution
- ↑ Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
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text:
ᱵᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ
ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ (᱑᱔ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱘᱙᱑ - ᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱵᱚᱣᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱴᱮᱫ (ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ) ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱣ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱟᱡᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱺ- ᱑᱔ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱘᱙᱑, ᱢᱚᱣ, ᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟ, ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱾
ᱜᱩᱨ ᱺ- ᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱖, (ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱖᱕) ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱾
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱺ- ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾
ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱺ- ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱺ- BA, MA, Ph.D., M.Sc., D.C., LL.D., D.Lit., Bar-at-Law (Total 32 Degrees earned)
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱺ- ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱮᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠᱥ ᱵᱮᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱡᱽ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱺ- ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱵᱞᱤᱠᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱾
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱺ- ᱵᱚᱣᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ (ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱟᱛ) ᱾
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱡᱩᱨᱤ :- ᱨᱚᱢᱟᱵᱟᱭᱤ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ (ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱑᱙᱐᱖), ᱰᱨᱹ ᱥᱚᱵᱤᱛᱟ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ (ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱑᱙᱔᱘)
ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ/ᱢᱟᱹᱱ :- ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ (᱑᱙᱙᱐), ᱵᱳᱫᱷᱤᱥᱚᱛᱣᱚ (᱑᱙᱕᱖), 'ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ' ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱦᱮᱰ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱫᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ (᱒᱐᱐᱔) 'ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱜ' ᱫᱤ ᱢᱮᱠᱚᱨᱥ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥ ᱫᱤ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱮᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ (᱒᱐᱑᱒) ᱾
ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱯᱩᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱛᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱤᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠᱥ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ/ᱨᱟᱭ, ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱳᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱼᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱷᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱠᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱣᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱢᱯ ᱢᱚᱦᱩ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤ ᱢᱟᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱯᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱟᱵᱟᱭᱤ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑᱔ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱸᱵᱚᱰᱚᱵᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱪᱷᱩᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽ ᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱰᱨᱹ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱮᱡᱩᱠᱮᱥᱳᱱ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱜᱚᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱷᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱚᱴ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱴᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱠᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱥᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱯᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱚᱠᱯᱟᱞ' ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱮ "ᱟᱢᱵᱟᱰᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ " ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱝᱠᱳᱬ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱚᱫ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲ ᱟᱢᱵᱟᱰᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱢᱵᱟᱣᱰᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱠᱷᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱬᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱢᱵᱟᱣᱰᱮᱠᱟᱨ ᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱺᱦᱤᱡ "ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱰᱠᱚᱨ" ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ (ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ) ᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱮᱞᱯᱷᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱳᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱸᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱭᱤᱥ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱚᱪᱷᱩᱛ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱞᱟᱯᱷᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱜᱟᱭᱚᱠᱣᱟᱰ ᱨᱩᱞᱚᱨ (ruler) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱱᱮᱥᱳᱱᱥ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱞᱳᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱑᱑. ᱕ ᱰᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱠᱳᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱣᱩᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱰᱨ. ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣᱥᱟᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱞᱳᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱡᱚᱴᱟᱣ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱛᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱩᱸᱫᱽᱲᱤᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱪᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱤᱵᱷᱳᱞᱭᱩᱥᱳᱱ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱯᱨᱳᱵᱷᱤᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱᱟᱱᱥ ᱤᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱩᱯᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ : ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱤᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱑᱙᱑᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱨ. ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱮᱭ' ᱡᱽ ᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱮᱠᱳᱱᱳᱢᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱠᱳᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢᱚᱜ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱲᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱰᱚᱫᱳᱨᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱫᱽᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱰᱨ. ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱚᱠᱚᱧ ᱜᱚᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱭᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱟᱶᱱᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱞᱴᱤᱝ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱱᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚ-ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱞᱤᱥ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱡᱚᱯᱟᱲᱞᱚᱨᱰ ᱥᱤᱰᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱰᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱤᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱩᱯᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱦᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ, ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱡᱚᱴᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱞᱮᱢᱥ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱨᱩᱯᱤ (ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ) ᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ "ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱥᱟᱸᱭᱤᱱᱥ" ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ-ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱨ. ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱫᱽᱠᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ, ᱵᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱢᱟᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱘ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱒᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱪᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- http://khabar.ibnlive.com/news/politics/babasaheb-bhimrao-ambedkar-rahul-gandhi-jnu-professor-vivek-kumar-madhya-pradesh-377558.html
- http://www.symbiosis-ambedkarmemorial.com/
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ↑ Sabha, Rajya. "Alphabetical List of All Members of Rajya Sabha Since 1952". R Sabha Secretariat. Archived from the original on 9 ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2010.
Serial Number 69 in the list
- ↑ "Attention BJP: When the Muslim League rescued Ambedkar from the 'dustbin of history'". Firstpost. 15 ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 2015. Archived from the original on 20 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2015. Retrieved 5 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2015.
- ↑ https://rajyasabhahindi.nic.in/rshindi/constituent_assembly/constituent_assembly_main.asp
- ↑ Keer, Dhananjay (13 August 1971). Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 9788171542376 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Jaffrelot, Christophe (2005). Dr Ambedkar and Untouchability: Analysing and Fighting Caste. London: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 5. ISBN 1850654492.
- ↑ ᱖.᱐ ᱖.᱑ Khairmode, Changdev Bhawanrao (1985). Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Vol. 7) (in Marathi). Mumbai: Maharashtra Rajya Sahilya Sanskruti Mandal, Matralaya. p. 245.
- ↑ ᱗.᱐ ᱗.᱑ Jaffrelot, Christophe (2005). Dr Ambedkar and Untouchability: Analysing and Fighting Caste. London: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 76–77. ISBN 978-1850654490.
- ↑ Khairmode, Changdev Bhawanrao (1985). Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Vol. 7) (in Marathi). Mumbai: Maharashtra Rajya Sahilya Sanskruti Mandal, Matralaya. p. 273.


text:
ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱬᱚ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱳᱟᱭᱥᱤ)
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱳᱟᱭᱥᱤ[en.Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation]᱾ ᱳᱟᱭᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ Organization of Islamic Co-operation(OIC)᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ‘ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱲᱬᱚ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ’ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱟᱵᱚ ᱵᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ-ᱛᱟᱞᱟ(Middle East) ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱤᱫᱤᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱤᱥᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ-ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱑ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱤᱥᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱚᱥᱡᱤᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱸᱜᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱣᱢᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟ ᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱕ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱠᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱤᱭᱮ ᱢᱚᱨᱚᱠᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱚ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱟᱭᱥᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱤᱝᱠᱩ ᱟᱵᱽᱫᱩᱨ ᱨᱚᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱤᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ᱾ ᱱᱚᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱳᱟᱭᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱧᱮᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱟᱭᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱕᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱵᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱳᱟᱭ ᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱫᱚᱯᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱾