text:
ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ
ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ( /hʌrɪˈdwɑr/; local pronunciation (help·info), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱨᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨᱟᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 253 kilometres (157 mi) ᱞᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱥᱠᱨᱤᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱲᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱚᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱾ [᱓] ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱭᱲᱟᱥ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱤ ᱯᱚᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱯᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
"ᱟᱭᱚᱫᱷᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱧᱪᱤ ᱚᱵᱚᱱᱛᱤᱠᱟ
ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱵᱟᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱤᱵᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱛᱟᱭᱤᱛᱟ ᱢᱚᱠᱷᱥᱭᱚᱫᱟᱭᱤᱠᱟ" – ᱜᱚᱨᱩᱰᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱬᱚ I XVI .14
ᱟᱡᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟ, ᱢᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ, ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ, ᱠᱟᱥᱤ, ᱠᱟᱧᱪᱤ, ᱚᱵᱚᱱᱛᱤᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱣᱟᱨᱚᱠᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱦᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ [᱔]
ᱜᱚᱨᱩᱰᱚ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱨᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱚᱛᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱛᱚᱨᱟᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱤᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱕᱘ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱢᱮᱨᱩᱴ, ᱢᱩᱡᱟᱯᱷᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱨᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱽᱨᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱗᱔ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ, ᱱᱟᱜᱤᱱᱟ, ᱯᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱴ, ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱨᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱢᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ, ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ, ᱡᱚᱫᱷᱯᱩᱨ, ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ, ᱜᱟᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱬᱚᱥᱤ, ᱤᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱞᱤ, ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ , ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱢᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱯᱟᱲ, ᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰᱣᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱰᱮᱨᱟᱰᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱞᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱴ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ 35 km ᱥᱟᱹᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱫᱤᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱫᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 220 km ᱥᱟᱹᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱟᱯ:
- ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ: 25 °C – 44 °C
- ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ: −1 °C – 24 °C[᱕]
ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Hardwar Population Census 2011
- ↑ ᱒.᱐ ᱒.᱑ "haridwar City Population Census of India, 2011". Office of the Registrar General, India. 2 March 2002. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ↑ About Haridwar sahajaharidwar.
- ↑ Kramrisch, Stella (25 February 2018). "The Hindu Temple". Motilal Banarsidass – via Google Books.
- ↑ New District Archived ᱓᱐ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ at the Wayback Machine. Haridwar, www.gmvnl.com.


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text:
ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ-ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱴᱴᱟᱱᱜ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱑,᱖᱒᱑,᱑᱕ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱭᱟ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱟᱦᱤ, ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱵᱱᱟ, ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱰᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱤᱱᱟᱭᱫᱚᱦ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱦᱮᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱸᱭᱼᱱᱥᱞᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ ᱯᱟᱫᱢᱟ, ᱜᱚᱲᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱟᱵᱷᱟᱸᱜᱟ, ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ, ᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ, ᱕᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳᱭᱟᱰ, ᱗᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞᱞᱟ, ᱗᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫ, ᱗᱑᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱳᱣᱠᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱙᱗᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱛᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ,
- ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱠᱷᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱫᱳᱣᱞᱚᱫᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱵᱷᱮᱲᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱢᱤᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱗,᱑᱓,᱒᱒᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱭᱟ᱾ ᱔᱐.᱘᱕% ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱔᱙.᱑᱔% ᱠᱩᱲᱤ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱙᱕.᱗᱒% ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ, ᱔.᱒᱒% ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ, ᱐.᱐᱖% ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ᱾
ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱚᱨᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱤᱵ ᱦᱩᱲᱩ, ᱯᱟᱴ, ᱫᱟᱹᱞ, ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱤᱛᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱵᱟᱫ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ
- ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱗᱘᱘ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑,᱘᱖᱒,᱕᱕᱙ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱒᱗᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱭᱢᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱛᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱲᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱞᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱚᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱨᱴᱥᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱝᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱳᱠᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ, ᱪᱩᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ, ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ, ᱥᱚᱱᱟ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱫᱚ "ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑]
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ, ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ, ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ, ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ, ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱩᱨᱟᱦᱚ, ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱝᱠᱚᱠ, ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱚ, ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱩᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱾
ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱪᱚᱯᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱨᱮᱱᱩᱠᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ RIHAND DAM
- ᱟᱱᱯᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱚᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱥᱟᱠᱛᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱬᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
- ᱫᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱤᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱟᱦ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱛᱟᱵᱤ ᱼ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱼ ᱴᱟᱴᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ), ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱱ ᱡᱚᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ/᱑᱒᱘᱗᱓ (ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱼ ᱠᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱼ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ), ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱮᱬᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱼ ᱞᱚᱠᱱᱚᱣ ᱼ ᱥᱟᱠᱛᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ/ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱚᱞᱤ/ᱵᱟᱨᱣᱟᱰᱤᱦ) ᱵᱷᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (ᱵᱷᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱼ ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ) ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱛᱤᱯᱩᱸᱡᱽ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ / ᱑᱑᱔᱔᱘ (ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱼᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱼ ᱪᱚᱯᱟᱱᱼ ᱡᱟᱵᱟᱞᱯᱩᱨ) ᱾ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ / ᱐᱓᱓᱔᱖ (ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱚᱞᱤ ᱼᱪᱚᱯᱟᱱᱼᱵᱟᱨᱟᱬᱚᱥᱤ) ᱾
ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱛᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱨᱴᱥᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱬᱟᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱨᱴᱥᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ, ᱤᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱬᱚᱥᱤ, ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ, ᱜᱚᱨᱟᱠᱷᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱡᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱟᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱲᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑,᱘᱖᱒,᱕᱕᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱙᱗᱑,᱓᱔᱔ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱘᱙᱑,᱒᱑᱕ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓] ᱠᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱤ[᱔] ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱾[᱕] ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ (ᱜᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ) ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱒᱗᱐ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱗᱐᱐/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓] ᱒᱐᱐᱑ᱼ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱚᱴ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱒᱗.᱒᱗% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱘᱓.᱙᱑% ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱑᱔.᱕᱗% ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾[᱓]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Catch News. "Sonbhadra Singrauli has all the ingredients Energy capital of India". Retrieved 2016-06-07.
- ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ↑ ᱓.᱐ ᱓.᱑ ᱓.᱒ ᱓.᱓ "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ↑ "Country Comparison: Population". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
Kosovo 1,825,632 July 2011 est.
- ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
West Virginia 1,852,994


text:
ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ
ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱞᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱓ ᱜᱮᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱣᱮᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱓᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱕᱘᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱠᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱨᱩᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱓᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱰᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱭᱚᱛᱤᱞᱚᱠ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱵᱚᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ (Democratic) ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬ,ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬ, ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ (president) ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ᱾
ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ SARC, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, Asian Development Bank ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ , ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱙᱒ᱹ᱕% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱤᱛᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱙᱘% ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱤᱛᱟ, ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱕% ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱙᱙% ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱞᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ (Free Education) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱗᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱒ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ/ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱾
ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Sri Lanka at a Glance". Sri Lanka Board of Tourism. Retrieved 21 August 2011.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka: Parliament History". The Official Website of the Government of Sri Lanka. 24 November 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2011.
- ↑ Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009). "World Population Prospects, Table A.1" (PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires
|journal=(help); Invalid
|ref=harv(help)
- ↑ "Estimated mid year population by sex and district - 2010" (PDF). Department of Census and Statistics - Sri Lanka. Retrieved 21 August 2011.
- ↑ ᱕.᱐ ᱕.᱑ "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Sri Lanka". International Monetary Fund. April 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2011.


text:
ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱓0.᱓᱓ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟᱪᱚᱲᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱷᱟᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱣᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱨᱜᱟᱪᱷᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱜᱚᱴ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱑᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳᱭᱟᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱛᱚᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒.᱕᱗ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱚᱝᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱑᱘᱗᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱱᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱴᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ, ᱑᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳᱭᱟᱨᱰ, ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ, ᱓᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱛᱚ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱩ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕᱑᱖᱙᱙ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱕᱒.᱓᱑% ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱔᱗.᱖᱙%᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱙᱑᱓ ᱜᱟᱱ᱾


text:
ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ' (ᱜᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
'ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ' ᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱮᱢᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱖᱔᱙ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱹᱢᱤᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚᱰ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱᱮᱛ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚᱰ ᱮ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴᱮᱠ ᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱵᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱦᱚᱨ
ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮᱼᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱦᱚᱨ ᱮᱞᱮᱞᱼ᱘ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱᱮᱛ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱚᱨ
ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱷ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱯᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱰᱰᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱰᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱥᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱓᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱨᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱨ
ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱳᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱳᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱨ
ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱵᱚᱥ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱟᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱵᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱖᱔᱙ ᱥᱠᱳᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚᱰ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱᱮᱛ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱯ ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴᱮᱠ ᱦᱮᱪᱹᱠᱮᱹ ᱢᱮᱣᱚᱰᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱟᱥᱤᱥᱴᱟᱸᱴ ᱯᱨᱳᱠᱟᱥ ᱮᱢᱹ ᱟᱯᱴᱮ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱔][᱕][᱖]
ᱧᱮᱢᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱨᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱺ
ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱨᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱣᱟᱢᱤ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱬ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱳᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱓ ᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱴᱳᱱ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱯᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱳᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱘ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱑᱓᱑ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱔᱐ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱗]
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱙᱕,᱘᱙᱑ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Gujarat (India): Districts, Cities, Towns and Outgrowth Wards - Population Statistics in Maps and Charts".
- ↑ "PIN Code: Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India". findpincode.net.
- ↑ "Change in Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar phone numbers - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
- ↑ New development plan will kill G’nagar, warns original planner. The Times of India.
- ↑ Architecture, Low Cost Housing, Regional Planning, Urban Development, Town Planner, Housing, India, Prakash, Madhusudan, Apte, Eisenhover, Gandhinagar, Urban Planning, Urban Growth. Angelfire.com (21 June 2014).
- ↑ The building of GANDHINAGAR NEW CAPITAL OF GUJARAT:INDIA, Prakash Madhusudan Apte, Power Publishers, March 2012
- ↑ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ| शब्द.इन|
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ (Wikivoyage) ᱨᱮ
- Gandhinagar Urban Development Authority
- Gandhinagar Municipal Corporation


text:
ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱓᱘ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱜᱟᱱ, ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱔᱑᱔,᱓᱕ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾ ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱧᱟᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱭᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱣᱦᱚᱦᱚᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱟ-ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱙᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱭᱢᱚᱱᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱢᱟᱞᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱔᱑᱔.᱓᱘ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ-ᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱑᱑᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾
ᱴᱟᱝᱜᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾
ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱦᱟᱛᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱑᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾
ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾
ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾
ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾
ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱵᱷᱩᱧᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱚᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱥᱩᱠᱷᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Tangail Airdrop by the Indian Army in 1971
- Tangail Airport
- Atia Mosque
- Tangail Poura Uddan
- Tangail Railway Station
- Tangail Stadium
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Unesco: Bangladesh literacy rate reaches all-time high of 72.76% in 2016". Dhaka Tribune. 21 March 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
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text:
ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱦ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ
ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ (ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ: Assam tea) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ[᱑][᱒]|ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Masters) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ,ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ,ᱥᱚᱱᱫᱷᱟᱲ ᱥᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱪᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱧᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ, Irish breakfast tea, ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱻ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱥᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱻᱟ ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱻ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱪᱟ ᱰᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [᱓]
ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱻ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱾ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ-ᱟ,ᱢᱚᱣᱥᱚᱢᱤ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒ ᱤᱱᱪᱤ (᱒᱕᱐-᱓᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱹᱢᱤ) ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱓ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱦᱟᱭᱴ (᱔᱐° ᱥᱮᱞᱥᱤᱭᱟᱥ) ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱯ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ-ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱣᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱱᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱤᱡᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱱᱰ ᱪᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ[᱔] [᱕]|
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱥᱚᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱪᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱰᱩᱱᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ(ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ)ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
᱑᱘᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱭ ᱰᱩᱱᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱵᱽᱨᱩᱥ, ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱠᱚᱴ ᱡᱟᱨᱡᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱮᱣᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱯᱷᱚ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱥᱟ ᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ[᱖]|ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱝᱯᱷᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱧᱩᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ-ᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱯᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱲᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱮᱱᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱰᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱪᱟᱨᱞᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱰ-ᱮ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱮ Camellia sinensis ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ- Camellia sinensis var. sinensis ᱥᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱟ ।
ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ (IST) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ[᱗] , ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵᱚᱜ ᱛᱮ,ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱭᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
- ↑ Tea Classification from Tea Research Association, Toklai (retrieved 2009/03/25)
- ↑ ITIS Standard Report Page for Camellia sinensis var. assamica retrieved on 2009-03-28.
- ↑ (Campbell 1995, p. 203)
- ↑ (Pettigrew 2004, p. 106)
- ↑ Goswami, Roopak (2011-12-29). "Assam CTC fetches record price". The Telegraph.
- ↑ Nitin Aant Gokhale (1998). The hot brew: the Assam tea industry's most turbulent decade, 1987-1997. Spectrum Publications. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-85319-82-7.
- ↑ "Assam tea gardens an hour 'ahead' of India - ZeeNews.com". Retrieved 18 July 2013.


text:
ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱩᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱝ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ
ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱩᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱩᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱝ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ Martin Luther King Jr. (᱑᱕ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ – ᱔ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱖᱘) ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ–ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱤᱝᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱦᱤᱝᱥᱚ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱯᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱯᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧᱟ᱾
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱕ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱩᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱝᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱚᱵᱽ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱚᱥᱳᱯᱷᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱣᱟᱥᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ– ᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱮ ᱰᱨᱤᱢ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱩᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ Montgomery Bus Boycott ᱨᱮᱭ ᱟᱭᱩᱨ ᱟᱠᱫᱟ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱫᱤᱝᱜᱩ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱵᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱣᱟᱥᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱪ ᱮ ᱛᱤᱝᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱮᱸᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱰᱷᱤᱨ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱩᱯᱲᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱞᱩᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱦᱤᱝᱥᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾
ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱚᱦᱤᱝᱥᱚ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱹᱞ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤ(peace) ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾
ᱜᱚᱡ(ᱜᱩᱨ)[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱔ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱡᱮᱢᱥ ᱟᱨᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱦᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱞᱤᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- The King Center
- "Martin Luther King Jr. Collection", Morehouse College, RWWL
- Photo Essay: "The Last Days of Martin Luther King, Jr.", Time
- The Martin Luther King, Jr. Papers Project
- MLK online
- Martin Luther King Jr., "A New Sense of Direction (1968)"


text:
ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ
ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒ ᱢᱟᱺᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱯᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕,᱗᱙᱑ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱠᱳᱨᱟᱯᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱨᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ
- ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ
- ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱯᱩᱴ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ
- ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱺ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱨᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ [᱒] ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖,᱑᱒,᱗᱒᱗ ᱾
- ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱓,᱐᱓,᱙᱑᱓
- ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱓,᱐᱘,᱘᱑᱔
- ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱡ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱺ ᱑,᱐᱕,᱖᱓᱖
- ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱺ ᱔᱙ᱹ᱔᱙%
- ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱖᱐ᱹ᱒᱙%
- ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱺ ᱓᱘ᱹ᱙᱕%
ᱵᱚᱸᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱷᱚᱭᱤᱨᱚᱯᱩᱴᱚ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱓᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱰᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱚᱥᱠᱚᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱠ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱨᱮᱛᱚᱭᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱢᱩᱫᱩᱞᱤᱯᱚᱰᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱦᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱥᱟᱯ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱪᱤ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱯᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱩᱵ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ᱱᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱩᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱺᱰᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱠᱞᱟᱜ, ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱩᱫᱟᱹ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱛᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱺ ᱓ (ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ, ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚᱠᱚᱱᱰᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱳᱴᱩ)
- ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱺ ᱗ (ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱢᱮᱲᱟ, ᱠᱷᱚᱭᱤᱨᱚᱯᱩᱴᱚ, ᱠᱳᱨᱩᱠᱳᱸᱰᱟ, ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢᱩᱞᱩᱜᱩᱢᱟ, ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ, ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ)
- ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱛ ᱺ ᱑᱐᱘
- ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱺ ᱙᱒᱘
ᱧᱮᱢᱮᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱵᱟᱞᱤᱢᱮᱲᱟ
- ᱵᱚᱱᱰᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ
- ᱵᱷᱚᱭᱨᱚᱵᱷᱤ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ
- ᱢᱳᱴᱩ
- ᱥᱟᱛᱤᱜᱩᱰᱟ ᱱᱟᱹᱭᱵᱟᱸᱫᱽ
- ᱚᱢᱢᱟᱠᱩᱱᱰᱚ
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱩᱨ
ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:
- ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ (᱑᱔᱖)
- ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚᱠᱚᱱᱰᱟ (᱑᱔᱗)
ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓][᱔] ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱟᱱᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱵᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱾[᱕]
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ http://ordistricts.nic.in/district_profile/dist_glance.php
- ↑ Census 2011: Odisha: Provisional Population Totals
- ↑ Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent
- ↑ Seats of Odisha
- ↑ "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
Member Name
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text:
ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ
ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ (ᱥᱟᱝᱠᱥᱨᱤᱛᱺ : अदिति, ᱵᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ) ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ, ᱪᱮᱛᱱᱟ, ᱚᱛᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱨᱵᱤᱚᱨᱤᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ, ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱜᱽᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱵᱳᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱤᱠᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱛᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱱ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱲᱟᱟᱮᱣᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱫᱽᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱛᱩᱨ (ᱢᱩᱞᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤ) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱤᱠᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱘᱐ (ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱮᱞ) ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ' - ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱷᱤᱣᱚᱥᱯᱷᱤᱴ ᱫᱚ 'ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ- ᱜᱷᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱨᱠᱷᱟᱹ" ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱵᱽ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱚᱵᱚᱛ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ, ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱥᱭᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ, ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ (ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ) ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱑᱗᱐᱐-᱑᱑᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱨᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ (ᱡᱚᱡᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ) ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟᱛᱢᱤᱠ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱚᱪᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱫ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱥᱭᱟᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱᱟ, ᱚᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱥ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱟ, ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱡ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱩ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱠᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱮᱝᱟᱜᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱮᱵᱚᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱜᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱚᱲ-ᱡᱷᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱ, ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱰᱟᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱢᱚᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱩᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱪᱩᱞᱦᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱠᱩ ᱪᱚᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱤᱠᱤ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟ᱾ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱰᱮᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ᱾ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱺ ᱫᱤᱠᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ᱾ ᱫᱤᱠᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱨᱤᱡᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱫᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱨᱤᱡᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱟᱜᱢᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱺᱨᱤᱪᱛᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱴᱟᱜᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱡᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱰᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱲᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢᱤ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾
ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱺᱲᱤᱪ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱦᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱜᱩᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱚᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱢᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱟᱺᱲᱤᱪ ᱢᱟᱺᱰᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱺᱲᱤᱪ ᱜᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱜᱮ ᱟᱺᱲᱤᱪ ᱢᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱺᱲᱤᱪ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩ ᱧᱩᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱝᱨᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱨᱤᱪ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱩᱜᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱬ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Rice at Curlie (based on DMOZ)
- International Rice Research Institute


text:
ᱰᱟᱹᱱ
ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟ - ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱺᱦᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱳᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱭᱮᱯᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱥ ᱳᱨᱰᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑]
ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱨᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱣᱮᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱰ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱤᱫᱤᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱟᱢᱤ (ᱟᱢᱵᱚᱥ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱸᱛᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱟᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱾
ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱦᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱭᱱᱥ (ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ) ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱭ (ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱞᱳᱯ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱪᱠᱤᱪᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱱᱥ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱭᱱᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ monier-williams , A Sanskrit dictionary 1899
- ↑ David Templeman, Iranian Themes in Tibetan Tantric Culture: The Ḍākinī ed. Blazer, Henk (2002). Religion and Secular Culture in Tibet. Netherlands: Brill. pp. 113–p.129. ISBN 90-04-127763.
{{cite book}}:
|last=has generic name (help)


text:
ᱢᱚᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ
ᱢᱚᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ (ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥᱺ মতিলাল নেহৰু, ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱡᱤ: Motilal Nehru; ᱖ ᱢᱮᱹ ᱑᱘᱖᱑-᱖ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱑) ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱩᱠᱩᱞᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱡᱚᱣᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱯᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱱᱫᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ|
᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ|
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱚᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ| ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟᱫᱷᱚᱨ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ| ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱽᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱟᱠᱟᱱ| ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱟ| ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱵᱟᱨ ᱮᱴ ᱞᱚᱣ" ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱠᱟᱪᱟᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ[᱒][᱓][᱔][᱕]|
ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱚᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱨᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱣᱟᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱟᱱᱤ| ᱡᱚᱣᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱟ ᱞᱟᱠᱥᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱤᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱴᱷᱴ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ|
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Past Presidents- Pandit Motilal Nehru
- ↑ Pandit Motilal Nehru Profile Archived ᱒᱗ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ at the Wayback Machine. Congress Sandesh.
- ↑ Motilala Nehru I Love India.com
- ↑ Motilal Nehru Britannica.com.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 January 2008. Retrieved 10 November 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)


text:
ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ
ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ (᱑᱘᱒᱕-᱑᱘᱘᱕) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ (ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ) ᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱓ ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱴ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱱᱩᱭᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱷᱚᱢᱵᱟᱭᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱒᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱞᱤᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱤᱫᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱱᱟᱫᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱞᱩᱴᱯᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱴᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱺᱦᱤᱡ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱡᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱯᱮᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱗᱕᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱚᱢᱜᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱲᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱠᱳᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱴ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱴ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱢᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱟᱫ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱒᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱫᱽᱥᱟᱦ ᱢᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱠᱷᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ, ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱫᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱤᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱠ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱠᱞᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Aḥmad Shah: Mughal emperor". britannica.com (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved ᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱗.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:
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text:
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱞᱦᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞᱮᱸᱴᱟ (Lens esculenta) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ,ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ, ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝᱜᱟᱲᱷᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱲᱷᱟ ᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱫᱟᱥᱛ, ᱵᱟᱦᱩᱢᱩᱛᱨᱚ, ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱟᱨ, ᱠᱚᱵᱡ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱬᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱮᱥᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱸᱫᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱴᱤᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱯᱩᱥᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱣ, ᱟᱭᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱮᱞ᱘᱑, ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ, ᱯᱚᱸᱛ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱕,ᱰᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱕, ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱗᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱐᱖ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱢᱟᱴ ᱯᱮᱨᱡᱽ ᱚᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱫᱚᱢᱟᱴ ᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱣᱟᱱᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱷᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱟᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱯᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱢ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟ ᱟ᱾
ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱦᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱞᱴᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱦᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱯᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱤ ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛᱤ ᱱᱟᱦᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱴᱤᱣᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱡᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱟᱥᱩᱵᱤᱰᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱨᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱟᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱜᱽ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱩᱠᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱜᱽ, ᱜᱮᱨᱩᱭᱤ ᱨᱚᱜᱽ, ᱜᱨᱤᱣᱟ ᱨᱚᱜᱽ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱩᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱒.᱕ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱕ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱨᱟᱭᱤᱠᱚᱰᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱯᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨᱩᱵ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟ᱾
ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱵᱚᱸᱫᱷ -
- ᱛᱟᱯᱢᱟᱱ -
- ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ -
- ᱦᱟᱥᱟ -
ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
The optical lens is named after the lentil (Latin: lens), whose shape it resembles.[᱑] This same connection appears in many other languages:
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Chambers Dictionary (10th ed) 2006


text:
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ-ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱔᱗᱙.᱐᱓ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱔,᱐᱔,᱐᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱒,᱑᱑,᱖᱒᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱑,᱙᱒,᱔᱖᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱔᱙.᱓᱓%, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱓.᱖᱒%, ᱵᱳᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱓᱘.᱘᱘%, ᱟᱨ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱒.᱑᱗%᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ, ᱵᱚᱢ, ᱢᱩᱨᱚᱝ, ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ, ᱠᱷᱮᱭᱟᱝ, ᱠᱷᱩᱢᱤ, ᱞᱩᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱓᱒᱕ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ, ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱠᱥᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ-ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ, ᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ, ᱓᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ, ᱙᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱳᱣᱡᱟ, ᱑᱘᱘᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ
- ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱚᱫᱚᱢ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱪᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱷᱚᱝᱪᱷᱚᱲᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱨᱩᱢᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱨᱚᱭᱟᱝᱪᱷᱚᱲᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
- ᱞᱟᱢᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ
'ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱱᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
=ᱜᱟᱰᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱩ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱝᱯᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ, ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ-ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱛᱩ-ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱰᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱢᱚᱦᱩᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ᱾
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱧᱮᱞᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
Keokradong, officially the highest peak of Bangladesh (5th in actual height)
Jadipai waterfall located Ruma upazila in Bandarban
Buddha Dhatu Jadi Temple (Buddha Dhatu Jadi)
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Bandarban ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ (Wikivoyage) ᱨᱮ
- Bandorbon Tourism Spots
- Indigenous People of Bangladesh (archived 2008)
- Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (archived 2006)
ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- EngvarB from March 2017
- Articles with invalid date parameter in template
- Use dmy dates from March 2017
- Articles containing Bengali-language text
- Coordinates on Wikidata
- ᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱫ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟᱠᱚ
- Bandarban District
- Districts of Chittagong Division
- Districts of Bangladesh
- Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict
- Tourism in Bangladesh
- Pages with maps


text:
ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱞᱳ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱭᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ
ᱱᱤᱠᱠᱳᱞᱳ ᱫᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱨᱫᱳ ᱫᱮᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱭᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱞᱳ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱭᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ(᱓ ᱢᱮ, ᱑᱔᱖᱙ – ᱒᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱕᱒᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱤᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱛᱮ Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ Niccol Machiavelli ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱮᱥᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱥᱤ, ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱮᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ politics ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱤᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾
ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱞᱚᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱕᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥ
- ᱰᱤᱥᱠᱳᱨᱥᱮᱥ ᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭ


text:
ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ
ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ (ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱺ யாழ்ப்பாணம்; ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱺᱭᱟᱞᱟᱯᱟᱱᱚᱢ) ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱘᱘,᱑᱓᱘ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱞᱞᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱠᱟᱞᱚᱢᱵᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱭᱼᱠᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱜᱮ ᱨᱩᱭᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖᱒᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱗᱙᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱯ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱯᱷᱩᱱᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱢ, ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱱᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ (ᱥᱮᱱᱟ) ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱩᱯᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱶᱠᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱐᱙°᱓᱙'᱕᱓"ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱘᱐°᱐᱑'᱐᱐" ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱳᱠᱠᱩᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱤᱨᱩᱱᱮᱞᱵᱷᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱞᱞᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱑᱘᱘ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱖ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ, ᱢᱳᱨ (ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ) ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱭᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱳᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱭᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱚᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱘᱔,᱔᱑᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾


text:
ᱛᱩᱭᱩ
ᱛᱩᱭᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱚᱸᱰᱷᱚᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱮᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱭᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱲᱠᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱼᱟ, ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱰᱢᱩᱡᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱭᱩ ᱪᱩᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱪᱩᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱲᱵᱩᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱭᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱠᱳ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱤᱫᱟ. ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱩᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟ.ᱴᱤᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱴᱤᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟ.ᱴᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱟ.ᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ
ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ. (ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱚᱥᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨ), ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ., ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱫᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱝ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤᱭ ᱚᱞᱼᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱳ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱥᱤᱠᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱓᱘᱔ ᱵᱤ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱟᱜᱤᱨᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱡᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ (ᱥᱤᱠᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ) ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱦᱟ.ᱠᱤᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱚᱞᱼᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟ.ᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱟ.ᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱗ ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤᱭᱟ.ᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ. ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱣᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱷᱮᱱᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱥᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱮᱛᱷᱮᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱮ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱯᱮᱦᱲᱟᱣ (practice) ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱟ.ᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱼᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱓᱔᱗ ᱵᱤ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱠᱷᱟ.ᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱷᱤᱱᱜᱟ.ᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱟ.ᱨᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱨᱩᱯᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱥᱮᱰᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱔ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱡᱮᱸᱰᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱡᱮᱸᱰᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱛᱷᱮᱱᱥ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟ.ᱱ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱡᱮᱱᱰᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱦᱤᱲᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱼᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽᱼᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱟ.ᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱟ.ᱭᱪᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱯᱮᱴᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ (peripatetic) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱠᱱᱟ.ᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱚᱞᱼᱛᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱴ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱞᱼᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱴᱷᱮ ᱓᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱼᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱨᱮᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱤᱡᱷᱟ.ᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱴᱷᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟ.ᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞᱼᱛᱚᱞ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱩᱜᱨᱮ ᱵᱟ.ᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟ.ᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟ.ᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ. ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱟ.ᱜᱩ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ (study) ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱸᱥᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱪᱤᱯᱨᱩᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱷᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟ.ᱱᱼᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟ.ᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟ.ᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱢᱟ.ᱱᱢᱤ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ ? ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟ.ᱱᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤᱭᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱲᱟ.ᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱸᱯᱟᱧᱡᱤ (ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ) ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱱᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱴᱚᱞ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨᱼᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱭᱼᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱡᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱦᱟᱱᱟᱼᱱᱷᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱳᱨᱳ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱟᱸᱰᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱚᱞᱥᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱡᱟᱸᱰᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱵᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱭᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱬᱤᱡ ᱥᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ. ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ., ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ., ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟᱛ ᱢᱟ.ᱱᱢᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱫᱟ.ᱭ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱥᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Aristotle (general article)
- Biology
- Ethics
- Logic
- Metaphysics
- Motion and its Place in Nature
- Poetics
- Politics
- From the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:


text:
ᱱᱟᱝ
ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱟᱝ (en:Tense) ᱫᱚᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱣᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱤ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ-
- ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ
- ᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ
- ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱱᱟᱝ
ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ-
- ᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱢ᱾
- ᱟᱹᱵᱤᱱ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱱ᱾
- ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾
ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ᱾
- ᱤᱧ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ᱾
- ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾
- ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱮᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱮᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ-


text:
ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱮᱨᱤᱠ-ᱞᱩᱭᱤᱥ ᱟᱞᱞᱟᱢᱟᱸᱰ
ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱮᱨᱤᱠ-ᱞᱩᱭᱤᱥ ᱟᱞᱞᱟᱢᱟᱸᱰ(ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱨᱭ ᱕ ᱑᱗᱓᱖, ᱯᱟᱭᱟᱨᱱ, ᱣᱟᱩᱰ ᱼ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱓, ᱑᱘᱐᱙, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱠᱮᱱᱱᱚᱨᱜ, ᱥᱚᱩᱛᱷ ᱦᱚᱞᱞᱟᱸᱰ) ᱾ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱮᱨᱤᱠ-ᱞᱩᱭᱤᱥ ᱟᱞᱞᱟᱢᱟᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱣᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱥᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱣᱚᱭᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ [᱑][᱒]. ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱣᱤᱡᱟᱹᱨᱞᱮᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱭᱮᱨᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱫᱚᱨᱞᱮᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱭᱰᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱰ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱟᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱟᱠᱟᱼᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ Jean-Nicolas-Sébastien Allamand ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ (1713–1787) ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱚᱥᱚᱯᱷᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱬᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱭᱰᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱡ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱝᱠᱞᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ naturalist ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱭᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱥᱭᱚᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱡ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱮᱨᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱼᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱡ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱖᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱪ ᱢᱟᱨᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱟᱸᱬᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱴ (tsar's court, St. Petersburg) ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱞ ᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱛᱟ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱭᱚᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱷᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱡ ᱾ ᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱡ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱟᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱤᱼᱢᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱡ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱥᱯᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱱᱚᱥ Allamanda ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱑᱘᱐᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱵᱚᱨᱜ, ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱦᱚᱞᱟᱺᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱡ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱦᱟᱸᱞ ᱱᱮᱫᱚᱨᱞᱮᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾


text:
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱚᱶᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱶ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ-ᱪᱩᱢᱵᱚᱠ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ-ᱪᱩᱢᱵᱚᱠ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱤᱸᱰᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱱ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱛᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱪᱷᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱒᱙᱙,᱗᱙᱒,᱔᱕᱘ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟ ᱑᱘᱖,᱒᱘᱒ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱘ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱴ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱶᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱸᱪ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱛᱤ "ᱵᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱭᱟᱝ"(᱒/᱓) ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱸᱪ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ/ᱯᱷᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱷᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱵᱚ ᱧᱮᱧᱟᱢᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱟᱲᱟᱜᱮᱫ/ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤᱨ ᱨᱩᱶᱟᱲᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱵᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ - ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡ ᱨᱩᱶᱟᱲᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱷᱮᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱤᱧᱡᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱧᱡᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱶ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱷᱮᱶ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱡᱟᱠ ᱱᱤᱣᱴᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤᱨ ᱨᱩᱶᱟᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱸᱪ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱲᱵᱩᱝᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱣᱴᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱶ ᱰᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫ ᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛᱯᱩᱨᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱣᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱠᱥ (Optics) ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱣᱴᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱭᱡᱮᱱᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ Do ᱰᱷᱮᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱪᱮ ᱤᱛᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱧᱡᱤᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱱᱤᱣᱴᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱢᱟᱥ ᱭᱚᱝ (Thomas young) ᱱᱤᱡᱚᱨᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ (Double slit) ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱢᱟᱬ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱷᱮᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱵᱚᱜᱩᱲᱟ
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱜᱩᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱚᱜᱩᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱜᱩᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱑᱕.᱓᱓ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱭᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱜᱩᱲᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱠᱟᱦᱟᱞᱩ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱯᱪᱟᱪᱤᱭᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱞᱟᱞ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱚᱜᱩᱲᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱼᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱳᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ (ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱳᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ),᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱔᱓᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱛᱚᱠᱚ ᱴᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ
- ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱨᱟᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱵᱩᱲᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱢᱟᱡᱷᱤᱦᱚᱴᱴᱚ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱯᱤᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱟᱴᱢᱩᱞ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱠᱤᱪᱚᱴ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱢᱚᱭᱫᱟᱱᱦᱟᱴᱟ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱫᱮᱣᱞᱤ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱢᱚᱠᱟᱢᱛᱚᱞᱟ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ
- ᱥᱳᱭᱳᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ


text:
ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ
ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱣᱨᱚ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱚᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ 23°41′N 86°59′E / 23.68°N 86.98°E।[᱒] ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱙᱗ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ(᱓᱑᱘ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ)।
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱥᱩᱢᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟ.ᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ [᱓] ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱕᱓% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱔᱗% ᱾
ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱗᱓% ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱙% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱖% ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱟ.ᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱕᱙.᱕%, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟ.ᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱑% ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱲ/ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱨᱤᱱᱱᱚ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱽᱪᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱞᱚᱭ
ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱞᱚᱭ
ᱵᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱮᱡ
ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱮᱡ
ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱜᱟᱨᱞᱥᱽ ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱮᱡ
ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱜᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱟ, ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱜᱩᱲᱤ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ, ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱲᱤ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ, ᱠᱟᱞᱱᱟ, ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ, ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱠᱯᱩᱨ, ᱫᱤᱜᱷᱟ, ᱵᱳᱞᱯᱩᱨ, ᱠᱤᱨᱱᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱨᱚᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱱᱟ.ᱢ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱜᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱲᱟᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱥ,ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱤ,[᱔] ᱳᱞᱟ ᱠᱮᱵᱽ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ,ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱟᱱᱤ, ᱦᱟᱣᱲᱟ, ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱥᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ᱵᱟᱥ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱤᱞᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱻᱞ ᱤᱥᱴᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱡᱚᱝᱥᱚᱱ । ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱤᱥᱴᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ,ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱻᱞ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱤᱥᱴᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱡᱚᱢᱢᱩ, ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛᱥᱚᱨ, ᱞᱩᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱠᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ, ᱞᱚᱠᱱᱚᱣ, ᱰᱮᱦᱨᱟᱰᱩᱱ, ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ, ᱠᱚᱴᱟ, ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ, ᱡᱚᱫᱷᱯᱩᱨ, ᱡᱚᱭᱥᱟᱞᱴᱤᱨ, ᱜᱳᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱨ, ᱵᱷᱚᱯᱟᱞ, ᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ, ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ, ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨᱟᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱚᱨ, ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱠᱷᱟᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟᱢ, ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱣᱟᱰᱟ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱣᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱻᱞ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱻᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱛᱽᱛᱟᱨᱼᱯᱩᱨᱵ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱕]
ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱨᱮᱸᱰ ᱴᱨᱮᱠ ᱨᱳᱰ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱲᱟᱠ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱲᱟᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨᱼᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱔ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ,ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ, ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ(ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ)[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱵᱟᱨᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ শহরে ᱫᱟᱢᱩᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱮᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟ.ᱱ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟ.ᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱴᱤᱥᱠᱳ ᱤᱥᱯᱟᱛ (ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱤᱥᱯᱟᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ) ᱠᱟᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱵᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱛᱤᱯᱟᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱪᱟᱼᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱱᱳᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱒᱒᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ(᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱓ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ ᱑.᱐ ᱑.᱑ "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
- ↑ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Asansol, India". redirect to /world/ (in Latin). Retrieved 2019-08-25.
- ↑ "ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨ.ᱨ".
- ↑ "Bengal promotes green transport in Asansol-Durgapur area – All India Trinamool Congress". All India Trinamool Congress – The Official Website of All India Trinamool Congress (in Bengali). 2016-09-29. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
- ↑ "Asansol Jn, Asansol Railway Station - Trains starting from, passing through Asansol Jn ASN - Rail Reservation, Online Train Ticket Booking at Make My Trip". makemytrip.com (in ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱜᱟᱞᱤ). 2010-05-23. Archived from the original on 2010-05-23. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
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ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Bardhaman District official site
- Asansol ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ (Wikivoyage) ᱨᱮ
- Asansol - The land of black diamond
- Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments
- CS1 Latin-language sources (la)
- CS1 Bengali-language sources (bn)
- CS1 errors: unsupported parameter
- CS1 ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱜᱟᱞᱤ-language sources (pt)
- Wikipedia page with obscure country or subdivision
- Coordinates on Wikidata
- Pages using infobox settlement with unknown parameters
- Pages using deprecated coordinates format
- Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata
- Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
- Pages with red-linked authority control categories
- Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
- Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers
- ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ
- ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
- ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ


text:
ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ
ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱱᱛ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱞᱚᱡᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱱᱛ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟᱭ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱗᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ (᱖᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ) ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱫᱤᱯᱯᱧᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱔᱖ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱙᱑ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱐᱖ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱖᱖ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱚᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐,᱓᱘᱙ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ² (᱔,᱐᱑᱑ sq ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱥᱮᱜᱮᱞ (volcanic) ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱭᱩᱱᱴ ᱛᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤᱵᱷᱤ (᱑,᱓᱒᱔ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱔,᱓᱔᱔ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱟᱜᱼᱡᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ (ᱵᱟᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱣᱮᱥᱴ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱜᱼᱡᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱷᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱯ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱽᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱰᱟᱝᱜᱨᱟ (cattle ranch) ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱢᱟᱴᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱠᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱐ sq ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱑᱗,᱐᱐᱐ ᱮᱠᱚᱨ) ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱗᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱽᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱰᱟᱝᱜᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱠᱩᱨᱟᱠᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
Localities[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ (᱕᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ)᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨᱼᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ ᱵᱟ, ᱞᱟᱣᱛᱳᱠᱟ, ᱱᱟᱫᱤ, ᱱᱟᱣᱥᱳᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱩᱨᱟᱠᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱥᱤᱜᱟᱛᱳᱠᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ᱾ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ ᱵᱮᱨᱦᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱟᱰᱳᱞᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ, ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱱᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ (ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕᱐ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱥᱳᱴ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟ) ᱮᱢᱟᱱ᱾
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱱᱟᱫᱨᱳᱜᱟᱼᱱᱟᱵᱷᱳᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱰᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱳᱭᱛᱟᱥᱤᱨᱤ, ᱱᱚᱢᱳᱥᱤ, ᱨᱮᱣᱟ, ᱥᱮᱨᱩᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱞᱮᱵᱷᱩ ᱤᱫᱤᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱰᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱩ ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ (Wikivoyage) ᱨᱮ
Coordinates: 17°48′S 178°0′E / 17.800°S 178.000°E


text:
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ - ᱠᱚ'ᱭᱮ' ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨ-ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱦᱤᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱨᱟᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱢᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱱᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖,᱕᱗᱙ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱛᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱑᱑ (ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ|ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖,᱕᱗᱙ ᱪᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ,ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ'ᱭᱮ' ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱩᱱᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ|
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟ.ᱴᱤᱡ ᱢᱟ.ᱴᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟ.ᱴᱤᱡ ᱠᱟ.ᱴᱤᱡ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ|ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱟᱦᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟ ᱜᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱵᱛᱮ ᱟᱦᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱞ ᱦᱩᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱫ ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ| ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱦᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱯᱦᱞᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ| ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ| ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱠ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚ ᱱᱟᱝᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ | ᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟ ᱡᱟᱡᱟᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱩᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟ.ᱪᱩ ᱪᱷᱟ.ᱴᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ | ᱠᱚᱦᱤᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ|᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟ.ᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ|ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟ.ᱦᱤᱞ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟ. ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱤ. ᱥᱤᱞᱩ ᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ|
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛᱠᱚᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱜᱮᱞᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
- ↑ Including Noklak district
ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱞᱮᱵᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱱ-ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ - ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ|ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱵᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱟ.ᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ , ᱥᱮ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ| ᱥᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱮᱰ ᱜᱮᱭᱴ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱔᱗ (ᱯᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ|ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱨᱟ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ|ᱤᱝᱨᱟ.ᱡᱤ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛᱤᱛᱟ. ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ|ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ - ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ,ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱨᱤ, ᱠᱚᱱᱭᱟᱠ, ᱟᱣ, ᱥᱩᱢᱤ, ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ, ᱠᱩᱠᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
Government
- [http:// ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ]
- Official Tourism Site of Nagaland
General information
- Nagaland Encyclopædia Britannica entry
- Nagaland Quiz Nagaland Quiz entry
- Nagaland at Curlie
- Geographic data related to ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱞᱮᱱᱰ at OpenStreetMap


text:
ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱣ
ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱞᱥᱟᱰ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱜᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱠᱱᱟ.ᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟ.ᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱰᱟᱢᱚᱱᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱱᱟ.ᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱒ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱤ. ᱢᱤ. ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ (ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱳᱴᱟ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ (ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ) ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱮᱸᱴ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟ. ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱞᱮᱠᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱞᱮᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱯᱷᱮ, ᱠᱚᱴᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟ. ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱮᱰᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱵᱳᱞ ᱡᱮᱥᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱮᱰᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱰᱚᱦᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱚᱨᱪ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱸᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱛ ᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱢᱚᱥᱤᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱭᱩᱵ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ. ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱲᱜᱮ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱮᱸᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱚᱸᱛ ᱡᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱖᱑᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱖᱒᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱸᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱬᱜᱷᱟ.ᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱮᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱠᱤ.ᱢᱤ. ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱸᱨᱮᱸᱴ, ᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱪᱚᱨᱪ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱮᱢᱯᱳᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱪ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱯᱚᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱢᱮᱞ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱚᱢ ᱧᱩ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱮᱸᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱫᱮ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱮᱸᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱮᱸᱴ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱪᱟ.ᱜ ᱦᱟ.ᱠᱩ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱷ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱚᱱᱟᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱱᱰᱤ ᱨᱤᱥᱚᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱧᱩ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱢᱚᱨᱥ ᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱰ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱡᱤᱨᱟ ᱩᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱥᱴᱚᱸᱨᱮᱸᱴ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱰ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱰᱤᱣ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱰᱤᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱱᱟᱜᱚᱰ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟ.ᱝ ᱥᱤᱴ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱮᱛᱩᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟ.ᱱ ᱞᱟᱞᱩᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱯᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "50th Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). 16 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2014. p. 109. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2016. Retrieved 26 ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ 2016.
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- ↑ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 113. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
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ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
WorldStatesmen, including lists of Portuguese captains/governors of Damão and Diu


text:
ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ
ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ/ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱢᱩᱛᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱡᱤᱴᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ - ᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ (ᱮᱱᱟᱴᱳᱢᱤ) ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ, ᱰᱤᱡᱤᱴᱥ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱚᱥ, ᱴᱤᱡᱤᱴᱥ ᱴᱚᱨᱴᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱰᱤᱡᱤᱴᱥ III ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱟᱨ ( ᱥᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ,[᱑] ᱥᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱠᱤᱝᱰᱳᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱥᱟᱶ ) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱥᱟᱞᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱩ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ - ᱟ (ᱨᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱥ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ) (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱭ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱭ) ᱾
ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱲᱠᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Jason Joseph, Rick Joseph (2007). 101 Ways to Flip the Bird. Broadway Books. ISBN 0-7679-2681-1.


text:
ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ
ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ (ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ: helium) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱛᱣᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱥᱠᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱥ (noble gas) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱝᱦᱤᱱ, ᱜᱚᱸᱫᱷᱤᱱ, ᱪᱟᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱱ, ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ (ᱱᱚᱱ ᱴᱚᱠᱥᱤᱠ) ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱒ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱛᱣᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱣᱚᱛᱷᱱᱟᱸᱠ (boiling point) ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱜ (melting point) ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱨᱚᱣᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱟᱯ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱙ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱞᱣᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾
ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ He, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱔, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱒, ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛᱣᱚ ᱐.᱒᱗᱘᱕, ᱠᱨᱚᱸᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱯ - ᱒᱖᱗.᱐᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱱᱚᱸᱠ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱒᱒᱓ ᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱞ, ᱠᱣᱟᱛᱷᱱᱚᱸᱠ -᱒᱓᱗.᱙᱐ ᱥᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱱᱟᱸᱠ -᱒᱗᱒ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ He3, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱓.᱐᱒᱗᱐ ᱟᱨ He4, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱔.᱐᱐᱓᱙ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ He5, ᱯᱨᱢᱟᱱᱣᱤᱠ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱔.᱐᱒᱓᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱣ He6, ᱯᱨᱢᱟᱱᱣᱤᱠ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱖.᱐᱒᱗ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑᱘᱖᱘ ᱤᱥᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱣᱜᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱱᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱩᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱫᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱰᱤ᱓ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮ. ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱠᱭᱟᱨ (Norman Lockyer) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱰᱤ᱓ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮ. ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱠᱭᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱟᱷ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱛᱣᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ (ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱨ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱙᱕ ᱤᱥᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱮᱱ (William Ramsay) ᱫᱚ ᱠᱞᱤᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱞᱤᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱱᱩ ᱥᱟᱞᱯᱷᱭᱩᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱣᱤᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱨᱣᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱟᱛ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱨᱚᱡᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱨᱚᱡᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ᱓ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱩᱞᱠᱟ ᱞᱚᱦ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱣᱟᱨᱥ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱪᱷᱢᱚᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱦᱟᱣᱟᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱮᱨᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱣ ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱝ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ (᱑᱘,᱖᱐᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱛᱹᱱᱤᱡ, ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱚᱜᱮᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱡᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱡᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱹᱴᱤ ᱵᱮᱠᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱤᱚᱣᱟᱛ ᱛᱮᱨᱛᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱒ ᱜᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱢᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱡᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱒ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱫᱤᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱘ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱟᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- The Periodic Table of Videos - Helium
- US Government' Bureau of Land Management: Sources, Refinement, and Shortage. With some History of Helium.
- U.S. Geological Survey Publicationson Helium beginning 1996
- It's Elemental – Helium
- ᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ
- Helium at the Helsinki University of Technology; includes pressure-temperature phase diagrams for helium-3 and helium-4
- Lancaster University, Ultra Low Temperature Physics - includes a summary of some low temperature techniques
- ᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱ
- Physics in Speech with audio samples that demonstrate the unchanged voice pitch
- Article about helium and other noble gases
- Ebyte article on helium scarcity and potential effects on NMR and MRI communities


text:
ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ
ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱮᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ: ᱑᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱐) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱝᱜᱚ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱝᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱭ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱱᱩᱰ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱱᱩᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱳᱭᱮᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱩ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱱᱟ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱜ᱾
ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱷᱮᱰ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱨᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱥ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱛᱮᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱨᱟᱣᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱣᱱᱰ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱴᱷᱮᱱᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱨᱚᱡ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱓ ᱢᱟᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱥ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱣᱴ ᱚᱵ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱴ ᱞᱳᱰᱟᱨᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ "Venus Williams Biography". Biography. Retrieved August 28, 2018.


text:
ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ
ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ (Nepali: झापा जिल्ला) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱲ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱘᱑᱒, ᱖᱕᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱹᱯᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱪᱷᱟ.ᱴᱭᱟ.ᱨ (ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ)[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱳᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱱᱮᱞᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱜᱚᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱳᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱢᱚᱨᱠᱷᱳᱫ ᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱬᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ``ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ´´ ᱦᱚ° ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱜᱚᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱤᱜᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱧᱩᱚᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱭᱟ, ᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱝᱠᱩᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱨᱩᱵ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱟ.ᱯᱱᱤ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱨᱩᱵ ᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱟᱣᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱦᱩᱱᱟ.ᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱦᱚᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱩᱱ, ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱨᱤ, ᱞᱤᱢᱵᱩ, ᱨᱟᱭ, ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱝ, ᱢᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱛᱟᱢᱟᱝ, ᱠᱳᱪᱮ, ᱢᱮᱪᱮ, ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞ, ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱩ, ᱛᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱱᱥᱤ, ᱵᱷᱩᱡᱮᱞ,ᱠᱟᱢᱤ,ᱫᱚᱢᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱥᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱑᱐ ᱡᱟ.ᱛ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐ ᱡᱟ.ᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱱᱟ ᱟᱯᱷᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟ ᱾ [᱒]
ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱭᱨᱤᱛ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱨᱮ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱝᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱩᱣᱟ ᱾
- ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ
᱑. ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱚᱫᱚᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱒. ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱓. ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱔. ᱠᱚᱪᱚᱱᱠᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱕.ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱖. ᱵᱩᱫᱽᱫᱷᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱗. ᱜᱚᱣᱨᱤᱜᱚᱧᱪ ᱜᱟᱣᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱘. ᱥᱤᱵᱚᱥᱚᱛᱟᱠᱪᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱙. ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱑᱐. ᱢᱮᱪᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱑᱑. ᱵᱤᱨᱛᱟᱢᱳᱰ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱑᱒. ᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚᱯᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱑᱓. ᱠᱚᱱᱠᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱑᱔. ᱫᱚᱢᱚᱠ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
᱑᱕. ᱜᱟ.ᱣᱨᱟᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ
ᱴᱷᱟᱶ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱘᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱶᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ, ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱖᱐᱖ ᱵᱟᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱗᱗ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱴᱮᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱴ(literacy rate) ᱗᱕ᱹ᱒% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ | [᱓] ᱩᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱭᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ |
ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Household and population by districts, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Nepal Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱓-᱐᱗-᱓᱑ at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ epurwanchal.com
- ↑ "Census 2001". Census. central bureau of statistics, Nepal. 2001. Archived from the original on 2008-09-24. Retrieved 2008-08-24.


text:
᱒᱙ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ
᱒᱙ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ (ᱤᱝᱨᱟ.ᱡᱤ: 29 July) ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱨᱮᱜᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱑0 ᱟᱱᱟᱜ (ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱑᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱱᱟᱜ) ᱢᱟᱦᱟ। ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ.ᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱕᱕ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ।
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑. ᱑᱙᱐᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱵᱟ.ᱱᱤᱡᱤᱭᱟ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱞᱚᱵᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱡᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱣᱤᱡ ᱡᱮ.ᱟᱨ.ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ।
᱒. ᱑᱙᱕᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟ.ᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱥᱚᱧᱡᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱛᱛᱚ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ।
᱓. ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱜᱟᱭᱱᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟ ᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱜᱩᱨᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑. ᱑᱘᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱥᱴ-ᱤᱢᱮᱯᱨᱚᱥᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ।
᱒. ᱑᱘᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱽᱜ ᱜᱩᱨᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱮᱴᱟᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑. ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱗ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱑᱓ ᱴᱤᱯᱤᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟ.ᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱗.᱓ ᱨᱤᱠᱷᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱠᱮᱞ।
᱒. ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱰᱮᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾


text:
ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ
ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱳᱴ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ-ᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ(Bengal Province) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱟ.ᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱳᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱳᱴ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱥᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ-ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
᱑᱖᱑᱒ ᱥᱟ.ᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱝᱜᱤᱨ-ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟ.ᱱ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ(Honourable East India Company (HEIC)) ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱱ ᱨᱳᱭᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱨᱴᱮᱨ(Royal Charter/राजकीय़ अध्यादेश) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱚᱱᱳᱯᱟᱞᱤ(monopoly) ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱭᱩᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱕᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗᱖᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱳᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟ.ᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱟ.ᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱟ.ᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱭᱟᱢᱮᱸᱴ ᱵᱟ.ᱭ ᱵᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱕᱐ ᱥᱟ.ᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ [᱑] ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱞᱟ.ᱲᱦᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱢᱚᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ, ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱳ ᱠᱩᱢᱯᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱚᱢᱚᱲ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱲᱯᱚ ᱵᱤᱯᱲᱚᱵᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱤᱯᱩ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱ-ᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ William Dalrymple (10 September 2019). The Anarchy: The Relentless Rise of the East India Company. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4088-6440-1.
- ↑ Parthasarathi, Prasannan (2011), Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not: Global Economic Divergence, 1600–1850, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1-139-49889-0
ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
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text:
ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱠ ᱥᱤᱞᱰᱚᱥ
ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱥ ᱠᱨᱤᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱢᱮᱞᱤ ᱥᱤᱞᱰᱚᱥ (ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ: Brooke Christa Camille Shields;) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱣ-ᱚᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱟᱹᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤᱛᱨᱤ), ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱨᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱫᱩᱞᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱯᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ-ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱸᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱚᱪᱩ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱛᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱟᱹᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱚᱱᱱᱚᱫᱷᱮ, ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱩ ᱞᱮᱜᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱠᱥᱚ ᱡᱮᱯᱷᱤᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ᱾
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱨᱟᱱᱪᱤᱥ ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱞᱰᱚᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱤ ᱥᱤᱞᱰᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱠ ᱥᱤᱞᱰᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱤᱭᱥᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱛᱟᱞᱤ, ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱟᱥᱤ, ᱟᱭᱨᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱜᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱩᱪᱪᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱨᱡᱟᱫᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱛ ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱨᱚᱫᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱭ᱾
ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱨᱮᱰ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱞᱤᱝᱠᱚᱱ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱟᱨᱥᱤᱨ ᱤᱝᱜᱚᱞᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰᱮᱨ ᱰᱩᱭᱤᱴ-ᱤᱝᱜᱚᱞᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱤᱮᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱟᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱥᱱᱟᱛᱚᱠ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾
ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱭᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱵᱩᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱝᱵᱟᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟᱠᱟᱵᱟ, ᱥᱤᱞᱵᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱒ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤᱛᱚ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱦᱥᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱯᱟᱴᱤ ᱢᱤᱱ ᱠᱮᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱰᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱶᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱥᱮᱬᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱫ ᱑᱑ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱤ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱫᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱠᱳ ᱮᱠᱟᱵᱷᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱯ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱨᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱱᱤᱫᱷᱤ ᱤᱞᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ-ᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱵᱟ ᱱᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ᱾ ᱮᱞᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ-ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱛᱛᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱴᱚᱭᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- Articles with short description
- Short description is different from Wikidata
- মেয়াদহীন উইকিপিডিয়ার সুরক্ষিত পাতা
- Use American English from July 2020
- Articles with invalid date parameter in template
- All Wikipedia articles written in American English
- Use mdy dates from October 2018
- Wikipedia pages with incorrect protection templates
- Infobox person using alma mater
- Articles with hCards


text:
ᱩᱧᱩᱢ
ᱧᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ (en:Pronoun) ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ "ᱩᱧᱩᱢ" ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱠ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ " ᱩᱧᱩᱢ" ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱭᱟ I ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱟ.ᱯᱩᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ - "ᱩ " ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱪᱷᱟ.ᱴᱭᱟ.ᱨ I ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱢᱫᱟ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱟ.ᱭᱠᱟ.ᱜ ᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱰᱟ.ᱣ ᱞᱮᱜᱮ I ᱫᱟ.ᱭᱠᱟ. ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ
ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱛ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥᱩᱜᱩᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ I ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱩᱜᱩᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱧᱩᱚᱩᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ I ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ - ᱠᱤᱭᱟ. ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱜ ᱟ , ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱩᱞᱟ.ᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ I
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱯᱟ.ᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱛᱮᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱠᱚᱡᱚᱜᱟ , ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ.ᱢ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ I ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟ.ᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱤᱭᱟ. " ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ " ᱠᱤᱭᱟ." ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ " ᱩᱱᱤ " ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ I ᱚᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱭᱟ. ᱜᱮᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟ.ᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ I
ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱧᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱤᱥ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱚᱚᱜ ᱟ , ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ - ᱟ I ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱤᱧ , ᱟᱞᱤᱧ , ᱟᱞᱮ , ᱟᱢ , ᱟᱵᱮᱱ , ᱟᱯᱮ , ᱩᱱᱤ , ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ , ᱩᱱᱠᱩ , ᱚᱱᱟ , ᱦᱟᱱᱟ , ᱱᱚᱣᱟ, ᱩᱠᱩᱨ , ᱚᱠᱟ , ᱚᱠᱚᱭ, ᱪᱮᱫ , ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱟ.ᱨᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ I ᱮᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ Definition ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ - " ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱟ.ᱨᱩᱜ ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱜᱮ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱤᱥ ᱟ.ᱲᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱟ I " ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱤᱧ , ᱟᱞᱤᱧ , ᱟᱞᱮ , ᱟᱢ , ᱟᱵᱮᱱ , ᱟᱯᱮ , ᱩᱱᱤ , ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ , ᱩᱱᱠᱩ , ᱚᱱᱟ , ᱦᱟᱱᱟ , ᱱᱚᱣᱟ, ᱩᱠᱩᱨ , ᱚᱠᱟ , ᱚᱠᱚᱭ, ᱪᱮᱫ , ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ I
" Pronoun : A word which is used instead of a noun is called Pronoun ."
Example : I , We , You ,He ,She They, Them, Their ,Our , Me , My , Us, It etc .
ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚᱵᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱟ-
- ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱤᱭᱟ᱾
- ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱢᱚ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾
- ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾
- ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
- ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱠᱟᱭᱟ᱾
ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱢᱮ ᱟᱡ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ, ᱩᱱᱤ, ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ-
- ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ
- ᱱᱤᱥᱴᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ
- ᱵᱮᱱᱤᱥᱴᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ
- ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ
- ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ
- ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱧᱩᱢ


text:
ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱕᱒ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱒,᱔᱑,᱕᱑᱙ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ) ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱖᱓᱙᱐ ᱫᱚᱦᱨᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱤᱫᱤᱥᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱟᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱮᱫᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱚᱸᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
᱑᱕ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱩᱱᱟ 24.65°N 77.32°E ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗᱔ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱕᱕᱕ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱣᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱮᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱟᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱚᱠᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱤᱥᱟ, ᱵᱷᱚᱯᱟᱲ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱮᱰ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒,᱔᱑,᱕᱑᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,[᱒] ᱛᱨᱤᱱᱫᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱵᱮᱜᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ[᱓] ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱯᱥᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾[᱔] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱘᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ (ᱜᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱕᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱒᱐᱐᱑-᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖.᱙᱑% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱑᱐ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ,[᱒] ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱕.᱑% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱙.᱔᱑% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱮᱫ ᱾[᱕]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ,[᱒] ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱐,᱙᱗᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱒.᱒᱙% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗.᱗᱑% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱑.᱗% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱑᱓% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱚᱥ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟᱝᱜᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱚᱥ ᱡᱮᱭᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱭᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱣᱚᱨᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱓ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱭᱚᱛᱤᱨᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ↑ ᱒.᱐ ᱒.᱑ ᱒.᱒ ᱒.᱓ ᱒.᱔ ᱒.᱕ "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01.
Trinidad and Tobago 1,227,505 July 2011 est.
- ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
New Hampshire 1,316,470
- ↑ 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
Coordinates: 24°38′24″N 77°19′12″E / 24.64000°N 77.32000°E


text:
ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ
ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱼᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ, ᱡᱟ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ, ᱢᱚᱣᱞᱚᱵᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ, ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱵᱤ ᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱱ(᱔)ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ(ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ)ᱱᱚᱼᱚᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱮᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱱᱚᱱᱤᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱑ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭᱟᱜ(᱖) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒,᱕᱙᱕,᱙᱕ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ᱾ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵ ᱠᱚ(ᱥᱟᱨᱤ, ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱱᱴ, ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ, ᱵᱤᱫᱫᱩᱛ) ᱞᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵ, ᱠᱷᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵ(ᱟᱩᱱᱩᱢ,ᱜᱮᱥ,ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱚᱨ,ᱪᱩᱱᱟᱯᱟᱛᱷᱚᱨ)ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱼᱫᱚᱣᱞᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱼᱚᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ, ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ(ᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲ) ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ᱾ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱱᱛᱷᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱦᱚᱴᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱵᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ(ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱛ)ᱵᱷᱟᱮᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ,ᱠᱚᱨᱤᱢ ᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ,ᱠᱟᱪᱷᱟᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱦᱚᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨᱵᱷᱩᱠᱛᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱤᱠ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱱᱛᱷᱚ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱠᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱦᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱢᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨᱜᱚᱛ᱾ ᱡᱚᱜᱤᱱᱤ ᱛᱮᱱᱛᱚᱨᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱦᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱺ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱚᱲ ᱞᱚᱦᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱡᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱥᱮᱜ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱚᱫᱫᱷᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱦᱟᱴ ᱱᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱢᱚᱛᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱭᱟᱭᱟᱜ(᱗) ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱨᱩᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞᱥᱜ(᱘) ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱᱼᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱲᱟ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱᱼᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱦᱟᱴ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱨᱟᱡᱡᱚ ,ᱡᱚᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱹᱲ ᱰᱤᱥᱛᱤᱨᱤᱛᱚ ᱪᱷᱤᱞᱚ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Illiteracy curses half in Sylhet. www.daily-bangladesh.com (in Bengali).
{{cite web}}: Invalid
|script-title=: missing prefix (help)
- ↑ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 13 September 2018.


text:
ᱡᱮᱭᱠᱤ ᱪᱮᱭᱱ
ᱡᱮᱭᱠᱤ ᱪᱮᱭᱱ, ᱮᱥ.ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ, ᱮᱢ.ᱵᱤ.ᱤ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ: ᱪᱮᱭᱝ ᱠᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱭᱝ, ᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ, ᱑᱙᱕᱔) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱝ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱭᱱᱟᱦᱤᱭᱟ., ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱟᱨ, ᱢᱟᱛᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱥᱴ, ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱳᱭᱩᱥᱟᱨ, ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ, ᱠᱟᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱞᱚ-ᱤᱡ, ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱛᱤᱭᱟ., ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱭᱱᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱞᱟ.ᱲᱦᱟ.ᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨ, ᱞᱟᱱᱫᱟ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱭᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟ.ᱲᱦᱟ.ᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱴ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱰᱟᱢᱰᱟᱦᱮ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ। ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮᱭᱠᱤ ᱪᱮᱭᱱ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤᱣ ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱭᱱᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱝᱱᱠᱚᱝ ᱮᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤᱣ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱣᱟᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟ.ᱭᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱪᱮᱭᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱭᱠᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ'ᱭ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ। ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱦᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱯᱚᱯ ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱱᱴᱚᱯᱚᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱰᱚ ᱯᱚᱯ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱦᱚ ᱰᱥᱢᱰᱟᱦᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱵᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱤᱢ ᱟᱲᱟᱝᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱣᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱛᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱡᱮᱭᱠᱤ ᱪᱮᱭᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾


text:
ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ
ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱤᱛᱤ ᱵᱤᱫ, ᱟᱭᱤᱱᱡᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱱ ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱠᱨᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱥᱥᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱡᱳ ᱵᱟᱭᱰᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱱᱤᱨᱵᱟᱪᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱴᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱲᱟᱲ-ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ-ᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱟᱭᱤᱛᱛᱚ ᱮᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱠᱨᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱨ-ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱚᱠᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚᱵᱤᱫᱫᱟᱞᱚᱭ, ᱡᱮᱥᱴᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱞᱚ ᱮᱥᱱᱟᱛᱚᱠ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱷᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱟᱢᱮᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱣᱱᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱫᱤᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱠᱳ ᱟᱴᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱟᱴᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱚᱵᱽ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱠᱳ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱠᱳ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱴᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱨᱮᱞ-ᱮ ᱦᱤᱭᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ-ᱮ ᱱᱤᱨᱵᱟᱪᱤᱛᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱱᱤᱨᱵᱟᱪᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱳᱨᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱱᱪᱮᱡᱽ-ᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱛᱚᱜ-ᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ-ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱵᱷᱩᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱪᱚ-ᱠᱚᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱭᱤᱛᱛᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱱ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱷᱚ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ, Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱵᱥᱴᱟᱱᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱧᱡᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ, ᱵᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱱᱤᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱠᱩ-ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱰᱨᱤᱢ ᱟᱭᱤᱱ, ᱜᱟᱹᱞᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱢᱚᱰᱷ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱚᱛᱤᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱝᱨᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ᱾
ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱱᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱤᱱᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱠᱨᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱭᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱠᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱣᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱑ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱮᱠ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱡᱳ ᱵᱟᱭᱰᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ-ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱳ-ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱚᱭᱛᱤᱠ ᱫᱚᱞᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤᱥ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱯᱮᱞᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱚᱭᱛᱤᱠ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱮᱱᱴ-ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱯᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱠᱚ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
"Kamala Harris's friend reacts to her historic win". CBC News. November 7, 2020. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
Wanda Kagan has known vice president-elect Kamala.
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- U.S. Senate website
- Campaign website
- ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ at Curlie
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱨᱤᱥ (ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱢᱩᱵᱷᱤ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ)
- Kamala Harris at PolitiFact


text:
ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ
ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ, ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱸᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ-ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱨᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱯᱚᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ (Phonetics) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱳᱱ (Phone) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱺ- ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ (Production), ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱭᱚᱢ(Medium) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ (Reception) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ/ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱠᱮᱨ/ᱛᱟᱨᱥᱮ ᱟᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ(Reception) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱭ (Air) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ,ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑/ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱚᱵᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ (Articulatory Phonetics )- ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱚᱵᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒/ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ (Acuostic Phonetics)--ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱓/ ᱟᱸᱜᱡᱚᱢ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ (Auditory Phonetics)-- ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱸᱜᱡᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫᱮᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤᱭ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱭᱟ (Implfies) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱠᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱥᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱡᱚᱴᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾