text:
Richelle kutanthauzira dzina labwino: Bwino, Zovuta, Kulenga, Wokondwa, Wochezeka. Pezani Richelle kutanthauza dzina.
Richelle chiyambi cha dzina loyamba. Feminine form of Richard using the popular suffix elle, probably influenced by the sound of Michelle. Pezani Richelle chiyambi cha dzina loyamba.
Richelle dzina lamasamba: Rikki. Pezani Mayina a Richelle.
Mayina ofanana a Richelle m'mayiko ndi zinenero zosiyanasiyana: Ricarda, Riccarda. Pezani Richelle muzinenero zina.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali ndi dzina Richelle: Buman, Alvin, Geaton, Dougall, Parton. Pezani Mndandanda wa mayina omwe ali ndi dzina Richelle.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali nalo dzina Amons: Emmie, Donnetta, Raul, Toby, Johnna, Raúl. Pezani Maina omwe amapita ndi Amons.


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Golden laser, ndi pakati membala wa Golden laser Intaneti Technology nzeru Mapulogalamu topezeka, likuyesetsa kupereka njira laser kwa makasitomala lonse. (Stock Code: 300220)
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Golden laser mwachangu motere chitukuko mafakitale "Internet +" anachita kwa kaphatikizidwe Intaneti ndi njira digito processing mu mode kusintha kupanga. Ife timagawirana mabuku, nzeru, zapamwamba, njira laser makonda kuti magawowa kusinthika ndi kasinthidwe wa mafakitale chikhalidwe.
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Let’s check Chevrolet Camaro 2017 vs Ford Mustang! Uwoneke kuti ngati munthu amene anapanga kukula mu 2010, kaya 2017 Chevrolet Camaro ndithudi zonse watsopano galimoto. Mofanana ndi Camaro kale, kapangidwe ndi mix wa posachedwapa ndi Retro aliyense mkati ndi kunja. Chifukwa wakhala chifukwa poyambira, […]
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MUTU 3
Zimene Mungachite Pothetsa Mavuto
“Khalani okondana kwambiri, pakuti chikondi chimakwirira machimo ochuluka.”—1 Petulo 4:8
Mukakwatirana mukhoza kukumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana. Mavutowa angabwere chifukwa chakuti mumaona zinthu ndiponso kuganiza mosiyana. Koma angabwerenso chifukwa cha anthu ena kapena zinthu zina zimene simunkaziyembekezera.
Tingafune kungonyalanyaza mavutowo koma Baibulo limatilimbikitsa kuti tiyenera kuyesetsa kuwathetsa. (Mateyu 5:23, 24) Kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za m’Baibulo kungakuthandizeni kuchita zimenezi.
1 MUZIKAMBIRANA VUTOLO
ZIMENE BAIBULO LIMANENA: Pali “nthawi yolankhula.” (Mlaliki 3:1, 7) Ndi bwino kupeza nthawi yokambirana vutolo. Muzifotokozera mwamuna kapena mkazi wanu mmene mukumvera mumtima mwanu komanso maganizo anu pa nkhaniyo. Nthawi zonse ‘muzilankhula zoona.’ (Aefeso 4:25) Ngakhale mutakhumudwa kwambiri pewani kukangana. Kuyankha modekha kungathandize kuti nkhani yaing’ono isakule n’kufika pa mkangano woopsa.—Miyambo 15:4; 26:20.
Ngakhale pamene maganizo anu akusiyana ndi a mnzanuyo muyenera kukhalabe aulemu komanso achikondi. (Akolose 4:6) Muziyesetsa kuthana ndi vuto mwamsanga ndipo musasiye kulankhulana.—Aefeso 4:26.
ZIMENE MUNGACHITE:
Sankhani nthawi yabwino yoti mukambirane
Wina akamalankhula, musamam’dule mawu. Muzidikira kuti amalize
2 MUZIMVETSERA BWINO
ZIMENE BAIBULO LIMANENA: “Khalani ndi chikondi chenicheni pakati panu. Posonyezana ulemu, khalani patsogolo.” (Aroma 12:10) Kumvetsera bwinobwino n’kofunika. Yesetsani kumvetsa maganizo a mnzanuyo mwachifundo ndiponso modzichepetsa. (1 Petulo 3:8; Yakobo 1:19) Musamangonamizira kuti mukumvetsera. Ngati zingatheke, siyani kaye zimene mukuchita kuti mumvetsere mwatcheru kapena m’pempheni kuti mukambirane nthawi ina. Mukamaona kuti mwamuna kapena mkazi wanu ndi mnzanu osati mdani wanu ‘simudzafulumira kukwiya.’—Mlaliki 7:9.
ZIMENE MUNGACHITE:
Pitirizani kumvetsera bwinobwino ngakhale mnzanu atanena zinthu zokukhumudwitsani
Yesetsani kumvetsa mmene akumvera mumtima wake. Muziyang’ana mmene nkhope yake ikuonekera ndiponso kumva mmene akulankhulira
3 MUZICHITA ZIMENE MWAGWIRIZANA
ZIMENE BAIBULO LIMANENA: “Kugwira ntchito iliyonse kumapindulitsa, koma kungolankhula mawu chabe kumasaukitsa.” (Miyambo 14:23) Kungogwirizana zochita si kokwanira. Ndi bwino kuchita zimene mwagwirizanazo. N’zoona kuti pangafunike kuchita khama kwambiri koma n’zothandiza. (Miyambo 10:4) Mukamachita zinthu mogwirizana ‘mudzapeza mphoto yabwino’ chifukwa cha khama lanu.—Mlaliki 4:9.
ZIMENE MUNGACHITE:
Onani zimene aliyense angachite pothana ndi vutolo
Nthawi zina muzionanso ngati zimene munagwirizana zikutheka


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PHUNZIRO 9
Yeremiya Sanasiye Kulankhula za Yehova
Nthawi zina anthu amatiseka kapena kutikwiyira tikamawauza za Yehova. Zimenezi zikhoza kutichititsa kuti tisiye kulalikira za Mulungu. Kodi iweyo unayamba waganizapo choncho?— Baibulo limatiuza za mnyamata wina yemwe ankakonda Yehova koma nthawi ina anangotsala pang’ono kusiya kulankhula za Yehova. Dzina lake anali Yeremiya. Tiye tikambirane za mnyamata ameneyu.
Yeremiya ali mnyamata, Yehova anamuuza kuti achenjeze anthu kuti asiye kuchita zoipa. Yeremiya anaona kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi yovuta ndipo ankachita mantha. Iye anauza Yehova kuti: ‘Sindingathe kuchita zimenezi chifukwa ndine mwana.’ Koma Yehova anamuuza kuti: ‘Usachite mantha. Ndikuthandiza.’
Ndiyeno Yeremiya anayamba kuchenjeza anthu kuti adzalangidwa ngati sasintha. Kodi ukuganiza kuti anthuwo anamvera zimene Yeremiya ankawauza?— Ayi, chifukwa anayamba kumuseka komanso kumukwiyira kwambiri. Ndipo ena ankafuna kumupha. Kodi ukuganiza kuti Yeremiya anamva bwanji?— Anachita mantha ndipo ananena kuti: ‘Sindidzauzanso anthu za Yehova.’ Koma kodi anasiyadi kuuza anthu za Yehova?— Ayi, sanasiye. Iye ankakonda Yehova kwambiri moti sakanatha kusiya kulankhula za Yehovayo. Ndipo Yehova anamuteteza chifukwa anapitiriza kulankhula za Iye.
Mwachitsanzo, pa nthawi ina anthu oipa anaponyera Yeremiya m’dzenje momwe munali matope ambiri. Iye analibe chakudya kapena madzi. Anthuwo ankafuna kuti Yeremiya afere m’dzenjemo. Koma Yehova anamupulumutsa.
Kodi ukuphunzirapo chiyani pa zimene zinamuchitikira Yeremiya?— Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina ankachita mantha, sanasiye kulankhula za Yehova. Iwenso ukamalankhula za Yehova, anthu akhoza kukuseka kapena kukukwiyira. Zimenezi zikhoza kukuchititsa mantha kapena manyazi. Koma usadzasiye kulankhula za Yehova. Iye adzakuthandiza ngati mmene anathandizira Yeremiya.


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Nkhani 38
Azondi 12
ONA zipatso zimene anthu awa anyamula. Ona zipatso za mpesa kukula. Zicita kufuna amuna aŵili kuti anyamuzane. Ndipo ona nkhuyu izi ndi makangaza kapena kuti mapamagalaneti. Kodi zipatso zabwino conco zacokela kuti? Zacokela kudziko la Kanani. Ndipo kumbukila kuti Abulahamu, Isaki ndi Yakobo anali kukhala ku Kanani. Koma cifukwa cakuti kunali njala, Yakobo ndi banja lake anasamukila kudziko la Iguputo. Koma apa papita zaka pafupi-fupi 216, ndipo Mose tsopano atsogolela Aisiraeli kubwelela kudziko la Kanani. Iwo afika pamalo ochedwa Kadesi.
Mu dziko la Kanani muli anthu oipa. Mose atuma azondi 12 ndi kuwauza kuti: ‘Mukaone ngati kuli anthu ambili kapena ang’ono, ndipo mukaone ngati ndi anthu amphamvu. Komanso mukaone ngati dziko limenelo lili ndi nthaka yabwino yolimapo zakudya. Mukabweletseko zipatso.’
Pamene azondi abwelako ku Kadesi, auza Mose kuti: ‘Ni dziko labwino kwambili.’ Kuti atsimikize zimene akamba, io aonetsa Mose zipatso zimene abwela nazo. Koma azondi ena 10 akamba kuti: ‘Kuli viŵanthu vikulu-vikulu vamphamvu. Ngati tingayese kulanda dziko lao, vidzatipha.’
Pamene Aisiraeli amvela izi acita mantha kwambili. Ndipo akuti: ‘Cikanakhala bwino kufela ku Iguputo kapena mu cipululu muno. Tidzafa pankhondo, ndipo akazi athu ndi ana athu adzawatenga. Tiyeni tisankhe mtsogoleli wina m’malo mwa Mose, kuti tibwelele ku Iguputo!’
Koma azondi aŵili akhulupilila Yehova, ndipo ayesa kukhazika mitima ya anthu pansi. Maina ao ni Yoswa ndi Kalebe. Iwo akamba kuti: ‘Musaope. Yehova ali nafe. Sitidzavutika kulanda dziko limeneli.’ Koma anthu samvela, cakuti afuna kupha Yoswa ndi Kalebe.
Yehova akalipa kwambili cifukwa ca zimenezi, ndipo auza Mose kuti: ‘Anthu onse azaka kuyambila 20 kukwela m’mwamba sadzaloŵa mu dziko la Kanani. Iwo anaona zozizwitsa zimene ndinacita mu dziko la Iguputo ndi mu cipululu, koma sandikhulupilila. Conco adzazungulila mu cipululu kwa zaka 40, mpaka onse akafe. Yoswa cabe ndi Kalebe ndi amene adzaloŵa mu dziko la Kanani.’
Numeri 13:1-33; 14:1-38


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ngongole chiwerengero jenereta 2017 Mawonekedwe:
Takulandirani LHS [Latest kuwakhadzula Mapulogalamu] webusaiti ndipo ndili pano kukuuzani latsopano Khadi Mawu jenereta 2015 amene angakuthandizeni kupanga Valid Khadi Mawu a Numeri. Manambala ngongole amene inu kupanga ndi mwachisawawa kwathunthu. makhadi zambiri jenereta ndi cvv ndipo atapita tsiku 2015 kuti inu kupanga chomveka. Mukhoza kupanga Visa chomveka, MasterCard, American Express ndi Discover Khadi. Pulogalamuyo ntchito zabwino ndipo mudzakhala wonyada kwambiri kasitomala. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu athu kuti mukufuna.
Ngongole jenereta ndi mapulogalamu yotentha ndi gulu la mapulogalamu akatswiri / coders. chida ikuthandizani kupeza ngongole chiwerengero ufulu. Ngongole jenereta ntchito pa opaleshoni dongosolo, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows Vista ndi Windo 8. chida ichi nayenso basi dongosolo pomwe amene zosinthika ngongole zanu jenereta mapulogalamu basi pamene pali latsopano Baibulo ukubwera. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito khadi la ngongole mosamala jenereta chifukwa Ndithu sangathe kuwuluridwa.
Mudzakhala ndi mmodzi wa mapulogalamu abwino a 2017 pa ukondewo, ndife Mphamvu pa Intaneti malonda kwa kuwakhadzula zinthu, softwares ano lalikulu ndipo amagwira ntchito kwenikweni chachikulu, koperani chida lodabwitsali ndi inu adzakhala onyada chifukwa muli chida chodabwitsa !
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Landirani kuzindikira tsiku ndi kudzoza kumene mu anu Makalata Obwera.
Ndi zodabwitsa mmene amagwira wolimbikitsa kapena nkhani yolimbikitsa kungathandizire kusintha tsiku lanu, ndipo nthawi zina moyo wanu. amagwira amene wakhudza mtima kapena akukumbutsa inu maloto anu akhoza kulimbitsa zimene sakanavomereza kukhala untaken ndi kusonkhezera malingaliro atsopano pa moyo ndi mwayi.
Kuzindikira Tsiku lisanalengedwe kufalitsa kudzoza mwa chinachake ang'onoang'ono, mwaunyinji. Ngakhale pali tani osiyana 'Websites amagwira', patsambali inu nthawizonse kupeza chuma cha mantha, zolimbikitsa ndi anzeru zolemba - nthawi osankhidwa ndi inu ndi maloto m'maganizo.
Mukhozanso amamvera chifukwa Insight wa Tsiku kuti alandire wolimbikitsa amagwira tsiku la sabata ndi nkhani yolimbikitsa Lachisanu zoyenera anu Makalata Obwera.


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Anmol kutanthauzira dzina labwino: Zovuta, Zamakono, Wochezeka, Wopatsa, Kulenga. Pezani Anmol kutanthauza dzina.
Choudhury kutanthauza dzina labwino kwambiri: Bwino, Yogwira, Wopatsa, Zamakono, Wokondwa. Pezani Choudhury kutanthauzira dzina.
Choudhury chiyambi. Variant transcription of Chowdhury. Pezani Choudhury chiyambi.
Dzina lomaliza Choudhury lofala kwambiri Bangladesh. Pezani Choudhury kutchulidwa dzina lakutchulidwa.
Mayina ogwirizana a Choudhury m'mayiko ndi zinenero zosiyanasiyana: Chaudhari, Chaudhary, Chaudhri, Choudhary. Pezani Choudhury muzinenero zina.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali ndi dzina Anmol: Agarwal, Jain, Chandak, Chaudhary, Sachdeva. Pezani Mndandanda wa mayina omwe ali ndi dzina Anmol.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali nalo dzina Choudhury: Saptarsi, Rajalaxmi, Rituparno, Robin Roy, Jyotirmoy. Pezani Maina omwe amapita ndi Choudhury.
Kugwirizana kwa Anmol ndi Choudhury ndi 79%. Pezani Kugwirizana kwa Anmol ndi Choudhury.


text:
Ranj kutanthauzira dzina labwino: Kulenga, Zovuta, Yosasunthika, Bwino, Kumvetsera. Pezani Ranj kutanthauza dzina.
Chaudhary kutanthauza dzina labwino kwambiri: Ali ndi ubwino, Yogwira, Bwino, Kulenga, Wokonda. Pezani Chaudhary kutanthauzira dzina.
Ranj chiyambi cha dzina loyamba. Short form of Ranjit. Pezani Ranj chiyambi cha dzina loyamba.
Chaudhary chiyambi. From a title meaning "holder of four", from Sanskrit चतुर् (chatur) meaning "four" and धुरीय (dhuriya) "bearing a burden". Pezani Chaudhary chiyambi.
Dzina lomaliza Chaudhary lofala kwambiri Fiji, India, Laos. Pezani Chaudhary kutchulidwa dzina lakutchulidwa.
Mayina ofanana a Ranj m'mayiko ndi zinenero zosiyanasiyana: Ranjeet, Ranjit. Pezani Ranj muzinenero zina.
Mayina ogwirizana a Chaudhary m'mayiko ndi zinenero zosiyanasiyana: Chaudhuri, Choudhury, Chowdhury. Pezani Chaudhary muzinenero zina.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali nalo dzina Chaudhary: Latashiya, Sachin, Namita, Sahil, Visuja. Pezani Maina omwe amapita ndi Chaudhary.
Kugwirizana kwa Ranj ndi Chaudhary ndi 74%. Pezani Kugwirizana kwa Ranj ndi Chaudhary.


text:
Mkulu wa Univesite ya Malawi (UNIMA) Okomaatani Malunga wawuza Zodiak kuti pa msonkhanowo pakhala oyimira akuluakulu a UNIMA, ndi aphunzitsi pansi pa bungwe la Chancellor College Academic Staff Union (CCASU).
Akuluakulu a koleji zinayi za UNIMA akhalanso pa msonkhonowo.
Polankhula ndi Zodiak, a Malunga anati pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zachititsa kuti kolejiyi sayitsekulire mwachangu, mwazina kaamba koti makolo a ophunzira amafuna kukhala nawo pa zokambirana.
Kusamvana kunabuka pomwe aphunzitsi aku Chancellor College (Chanco) anayamba kunyanyala ntchito pofuna kuti malipiro awo adzifanana ndi a anzawo aku koleji ya madotolo, College of Medicine (CoM).
Koma akulu-akulu a kolejiyi anati izi ndi zosatheka chifukwa aphunzitsi aku CoM amagwira ntchito zowonjezera monga kuthandiza m’zipatala za boma.
Lachiwiri wapampando wa bungwe la CCASU Dr Anthony Gunde wawuza Zodiak kuti cholinga chachikulu cha msonkhano wa lero ndi kupeza mayankho omwe athandize kuti kolejiyi ayitsekule komanso akambirana zina zokhudza momwe maphunziro akuyendera.
Chancellor College anayitseka koyamba pa mwezi wa July 2016 pomwe ophunzira anachita ziwonetsero posakondwa ndi kukwera kwa ndalama zolipilira maphunziro. Maphunziro analepheranso kuyamba pa 20 March, 2017 aphunzitsi atanyanyala ntchito pofuna malipilo okwera.
(Wolemba: Charity Phiri)


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<< Werengani More za laser kudula Chitsulo poonekera
CHIKWANGWANI laser kudula Zopindulitsa
(1) CHIKWANGWANI laser kudula makina ndi zitsulo achindunji kudula zoyendetsedwa ndi luso CHIKWANGWANI laser. Zotsatira khalidwe CHIKWANGWANI laser mtengo uli imathamanga mofulumira kudula ndi mabala apamwamba khalidwe poyerekeza ndi njira zina kudula. Ubwino enaake a laser CHIKWANGWANI ndi mtengo wake lalifupi timaganiza (1,064nm). The timaganiza, amene ali kakhumi poyerekeza kuti a C02 laser, amapanga mkulu mayamwidwe ku zitsulo. Izi zimapangitsa CHIKWANGWANI laser kukhala wangwiro chida kudula zitsulo mapepala zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, mpweya zitsulo, zitsulo wofatsa, zotayidwa, mkuwa, etc.
(2) Mwachangu kwa laser CHIKWANGWANI kwambiri kuposa YAG chikhalidwe kapena CO2 laser. CHIKWANGWANI laser mtengo amatha kudula zitsulo chimawala ndi mphamvu zochepa monga laser ndi odzipereka mu odulidwa zitsulo wokhalapo. Unit udzanyeketsa pang'ono kuti palibe mphamvu pamene sachita.
(3) Ubwino wina wa CHIKWANGWANI laser ndi ntchito kwambiri odalirika diodes umodzi emitter ndi m'moyo ntchito maola opitirira 100,000 opareshoni mosalekeza kapena pulsed.
(4) Golden laser mapulogalamu amalola kuti imapanga kulamulira mphamvu, mlingo kusinthasintha mawu, zimachitika m'lifupi ndi zimachitika mawonekedwe kupereka wosuta kulamulira mphamvu ya lasers.
<< Werengani More za CHIKWANGWANI laser kudula Chitsulo Anakonza


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Ramesh kutanthauzira dzina labwino: Zamakono, Ali ndi ubwino, Yosasunthika, Kulenga, Bwino. Pezani Ramesh kutanthauza dzina.
Babu kutanthauza dzina labwino kwambiri: Wopatsa, Wochezeka, Zamakono, Wokonda, Zovuta. Pezani Babu kutanthauzira dzina.
Ramesh chiyambi cha dzina loyamba. Modern transcription of Ramesha. Pezani Ramesh chiyambi cha dzina loyamba.
Dzina lomaliza Babu lofala kwambiri Bangladesh, India, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates. Pezani Babu kutchulidwa dzina lakutchulidwa.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali ndi dzina Ramesh: Patel, Kumar, Ramesh, Sawant, Babu. Pezani Mndandanda wa mayina omwe ali ndi dzina Ramesh.
Mayina ambiri omwe ali nalo dzina Babu: Babu, Suresh, Ramesh, Shibin, Bibin. Pezani Maina omwe amapita ndi Babu.
Kugwirizana kwa Ramesh ndi Babu ndi 72%. Pezani Kugwirizana kwa Ramesh ndi Babu.


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Uthenga ochokera ku boma wati anthu omwe afawo amafuna kuba mafuta m’galimotoyo pomwe inaphulika m’mudzi wa Caphiridzange, m’chigawo cha Tete kufupi ndi dziko la Malawi.
Galimotoyo ndi ya kampani ya Walkers Limited ya kuno ku Malawi.
Anthu ena 100 avulala, ena mwa iwo kwambiri.
Malipoti ati galimotoyo inachita ngozi, ndipo anthu anatengerapo mwai wokuba mafuta.
Mkulu wa unduna wa zofalitsa nkhani ku Mozambique Joao Manasses wati boma lichita kafukufuku pa mphekesera zoti anthu ena anachititsa dala ngozi ya galimotoyo.
Nduna za boma zakonza zokayendera malo a ngoziyo kukawona momwe ntchito yothandiza ovulala ndi kafukufuku ikuyendera.
Dziko la Mozambique ndi limodzi mwa maiko osawuka kwambiri pa dziko lapansi, ndipo zambiri mwa mzika zake 24 million nzosawuka kwambiri.
Dzikolo linalandira ufulu kuchokera ku dziko la Portugal mu 1975 koma zinthu zakhala zisakuyenda bwino chifukwa cha nkhondo ya pachiweniweni yomwe inachitika kwa zaka 16 kufikira m’chaka cha 1992.


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Mneneri wa polisi ya Nkhunga Sub inspector Labani Makalani watsimikiza zakuombeledwa kwa Blessings Masimbo, yemwe masana Lachisanu .
A Makalani ati pakadali pano sangafotokoze zambiri kamba koti akufufuzabe za yemwe waombera mwanayu, cholinga chake komanso mtundu wa mfuti yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Koma kalata yomwe Zodiak yawona yafotokoza kuti apolisi akuganiza kuti Blessings anawomberedwa ndi mwangozi ndi mnzake oyandikana naye nyumba yemwe amacheza naye.
Oganiziridwa mlanduyo ndi mwana wa wapolisi yemwe akuti amaseweretsa mfuti ya bamboo.
Blessings amachokera kwa Mfumu Kapoloma m'boma la Machinga.


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Kodi Bhibhlya Isatipfundzisanji?
Feramentu ino ya pfundziro ya Bhibhlya yacitwa toera kukuphedzani kupfundza pinalonga Bhibhlya mu misolo yakusiyana-siyana, kuphataniza thangwi yanji tisathabuka, ninji pisacitika pakufa, pinakwanisika tani kukhala na umaso wakutsandzaya m’banja, na pinango pizinji.
Ndi Cipi Cifuniro Ca Mulungu Kuna Ife?
Panango munabvundzika, thangwi yanji pasaoneka nyatwa zizinji lero. Bhibhlya isapfundzisa kuti mwakukhonda dembuka anadzacita pinthu pyakudzumatirisa pa dziko yapantsi toera kumalisa nyatwa, mautenda na kufa.
NSOLO 1
Mulungu Mbani?
Musanyerezera kuti Mulungu asakutsalakanani? Pfundzani thangwi ya uunthu wace, pontho kuti munakhala tani xamwali wa Mulungu.
NSOLO 2
Bhibhlya Ndi Bukhu Ya Mulungu
Bhibhlya inakuphedzani tani kuthimbana na nyatwa zanu? Thangwi yanji munakwanisa kunyindira maprofesiya ayo?
NSOLO 3
Ndi Cipi Cifuniro Ca Mulungu Na Anthu?
Kodi umaso unadzakhala tani mu dziko ipswa dziko ingadzakhala paradhizu?
NSOLO 4
Yezu Kristu Mbani?
Pfundzani kuti thangwi yanji Yezu ndi Mesiya wakupikirwa, abuluka kupi, pontho thangwi yanji iye ndi Mwana m’bodzi ekha wa Yahova.
NSOLO 5
Ciomboli Ndi Muoni Ukulu Wa Mulungu
Ciomboli ninji? Munaphindula naco tani?
NSOLO 6
Tingafa Tisaenda Kupi?
Pfundzani pinalonga Bhibhlya thangwi ya mbuto inagumanika anyakufa, pontho thangwi yanji anthu asafa.
NSOLO 7
Panadzaoneka Kulamuka Muli Akufa!
Kodi mwaferwa kale na nyakufunika wanu? Mphyakukwanisika kuaona pontho? Dziwani pinalonga Bhibhlya thangwi ya kulamuka muli akufa.
NSOLO 8
Umambo Wa Mulungu Ninji?
Anthu azinji asadziwa Phembero ya Mbuya. Kodi mafala awa asabvekanji: “Umambo wanu mbudze”?
NSOLO 9
Kodi Kumala Kwa Dziko Ino Kuli Cifupi?
Onani kuti pinacitika n’dziko pisapangiza tani kuti tikukhala m’midzidzi yakumalisa, ninga pidalonga Bhibhlya.
NSOLO 10
Undimomwene Thangwi Ya Aanju
Bhibhlya isalonga pya aanju na mademonyo. Kodi iwo ndi andimomwene? Kodi iwo asatiphedza peno kutiphekesa?
NSOLO 11
Thangwi Yanji Pasaoneka Nyatwa Zizinji?
Azinji asanyerezera kuti Mulungu ali na mulando thangwi ya nyatwa zonsene zinaoneka pa dziko. Musaona tani? Pfundzani pinalonga Bhibhlya pya mathangwi anacitisa nyatwa.
NSOLO 12
Munakwanisa Tani Kukhala Xamwali Wa Mulungu?
Ndi pyakukwanisika kukhala na umaso wakukomeresa Yahova. Mwandimomwene, imwe munakwanisa kukhala xamwali wace.
NSOLO 13
Lemedzani Muoni Wa Umaso
Mulungu asaona tani kutaya mimba, kuikhwa ciropa, na umaso wa cinyama?
NSOLO 14
Banja Yanu Inakwanisa Kukhala Yakutsandzaya
ufuni udapangiza Yezu ndi citsandzo cakuti amuna, akazi, anyakubala, na ana anakwanisa kutowezera. Tisapfundzanji kuna iye?
NSOLO 15
Njira Yakuthema Toera Kulambira Mulungu
Dingani ntsonga zitanthatu zakuti zisadzindikirisa ale ali mu uphemberi wandimomwene.
NSOLO 16
Sankhulani Kulambira Mulungu
Ndi pinentso pipi pyakuti panango munathimbana napyo pa ndzidzi unapanga imwe anango pikhulupiro pyanu? Munacitanji toera kukhonda kuaxola?
NSOLO 17
Mwai Wakucita Phembero
Kodi Mulungu asabvesera mungacita phembero? Toera kutawira mbvundzo unoyu, musafunika kubvesesa pinalonga Bhibhlya thangwi ya phembero.
NSOLO 18
Ndisafunika Kuperekeka Kuna Mulungu Mbandibatizwa?
Ndi mathanyo api anafunika toera kukhala wakuthema ku ubatizo Wacikristu? Dziwani kuti usabvekanji, pontho usafunika kucitwa tani.
NSOLO 19
Khalani Cifupi Na Yahova
Tinapangiza tani ufuni na kupereka takhuta na pyonsene pinaticitira Mulungu?
Pidzindikiro Pyakumalisa
Mabvekero a mafala adaphatisirwa m’bukhu Kodi Bhibhlya Isatipfundzisanji?


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NSOLO WACIKHUMI
Undimomwene Thangwi Ya Aanju
1. Thangwi yanji tisafunika kupfundza pya aanju?
YAHOVA asafuna kuti tidziwe banja yace. Aanju asacita khundu ya banja ya Mulungu. M’Bhibhlya iwo asacemerwa “ana a Mulungu.” (Yobe 38:7, Tradução do Novo Mundo) Kodi aanju asacitanji? Kodi iwo akhaphedza tani anthu mu ndzidzi wakale? Pontho iwo anakwanisa kutiphedzambo lero?—Onani Cidzindikiro cakumalisa 8.
2. Kodi aanju abuluka kupi? Kodi kwacitwa aanju angasi?
2 Tisafunika kudziwa kudabuluka aanju. Lemba ya Akolose 1:16 isatipanga kuti pidamala Yahova kucita Yezu, ‘pyacitwa pyakudzulu na pyapantsi pyonsene.’ Pyakucitwa pyenepi pisaphatanizambo aanju. Kodi kwacitwa aanju angasi? Bhibhlya isalonga kuti alipo madzana a mamiliyau a aanju.—Masalmo 103:20; Apokalipse 5:11.
3. Kodi lemba ya Yobe 38:4-7 isatipanganji thangwi ya aanju?
3 Bhibhlya isatipfundzisambo kuti Yahova atoma kucita aanju mbadzati kucita dziko yapantsi. Kodi iwo akhapibva tani mudaona iwo dziko yapantsi? Bukhu ya Yobe isatipanga kuti iwo akhali akukomerwa kakamwe. Iwo akhali banja yakubverana yakuti ikhatumikira Yahova pabodzi.—Yobe 38:4-7.
AANJU ASAPHEDZA MBUMBA YA MULUNGU
4. Tisadziwa tani kuti aanju asapangiza cifuno kuna anthu?
4 Ndzidzi onsene aanju asafuna kakamwe anthu na kuona kukwanirisika kwa cifuniro ca Yahova pa dziko yapantsi. (Misangani 8:30, 31; 1 Pedro 1:11, 12) Aanju atsukwala kakamwe mudakhonda Adhamu na Eva kubvera Mulungu. Iwo asatsukwala kakamwe lero munaona iwo anthu azinji mbakhonda kubvera Yahova. Mbwenye munthu angatcunyuka mbabwerera kuna Mulungu, aanju asakomerwa kakamwe. (Luka 15:10) Aanju asapangiza cifuno kuna ale anatumikira Mulungu. Yahova asaphatisira aanju toera kuphedza na kutsidzikiza atumiki ace pa dziko yapantsi. (Ahebere 1:7, 14) Tendeni tione pitsandzo pingasi thangwi ya pyenepi.
5. Kodi aanju aphedza tani atumiki a Mulungu mu ndzidzi wakale?
5 Yahova atuma aanju awiri toera kuphedza Loti na banjace kupulumuka pa kufudzwa kwa mizinda ya Sodhoma na Gomora. (Genesi 19:15, 16) Pakupita pyaka madzana, mprofeta Dhanyeli aponywa n’djenje ya nkhalamu, mbwenye iye nee aphekeswa thangwi ‘Mulungu atuma anju wace mbafunga milomo ya nkhalamu.’ (Danyele 6:22) Mukupita kwa ndzidzi, mpostolo Pedhru pikhali iye n’kaidi, Yahova antumira anju wace toera kunsudzula. (Machitiro 12:6-11) Aanju aphedzambo Yezu pikhali iye pa dziko yapantsi. Mwacitsandzo, pakumala kubatizwa, ‘aanju akhantumikira.’ (Marko 1:13) Yezu mbadzati kuphiwa, anju m’bodzi ‘amuwangisa.’—Luka 22:43.
6. (a) Tisadziwa tani kuti aanju asaphedza atumiki a Mulungu lero? (b) Ndi mibvundzo ipi inafuna ife kutawira cincino?
6 Lero, aanju nkhabe kuonekabve na anthu. Mbwenye Mulungu asapitiriza kuphatisira aanju toera kuphedza atumiki ace. Bhibhlya isalonga: ‘Anju wa Yahova aikha mpanda, mbakoyamo onsene anagopa Mulungu.’ (Masalmo 34:7) Thangwi yanji tisafunika kutsidzikizwa? Thangwi tiri na anyamalwa akuti asafuna kutiphekesa. Anyamalwa anewa ndi api? Kodi abuluka kupi? Asayesera tani kutiphekesa? Toera kutawira mibvundzo ineyi, tendeni tione mwacigwagwa pinthu pidacitika pakumala kucitwa kwa Adhamu na Eva.
ANYAMALWA ATHU AKUKHONDA KUONEKA
7. Kodi anthu asacitanji thangwi ya manyengerero a Sathani?
7 Tapfundza mu Nsolo 3 kuti anju m’bodzi akhonda kubvera Mulungu mbafuna kutonga anthu anango. Bhibhlya isancemera Sathani Dyabo. (Apokalipse 12:9) Sathani akhafunambo kuti anango akhonde kubvera Mulungu. Iye akwanisa kunyengeza Eva, kubulukira penepo iye akunyengeza anthu azinji. Mbwenye, anango, ninga Abheli, Enoki na Nowa, apitiriza kukhala akukhulupirika kuna Yahova—Ahebere 11:4, 5, 7.
8. (a) Kodi aanju anango adzakhala tani mademonyo? (b) Kodi mademonyo acitanji toera kupulumuka pa Cigumula?
8 Mu ntsiku za Nowa, aanju anango akhonda kubvera Mulungu mbabuluka kumudzi kwawo kudzulu mbabwera dzakhala na anthu pa dziko yapantsi. Thangwi yanji? Bhibhlya isatipanga kuti iwo akhafuna kukhala na akazi. (Lerini Genesi 6:2.) Mbwenye pikhali pyakuipa kwa aanju kucita pyenepi. (Yuda 6) Ninga aanju anewa akuipa, anthu azinji a ndzidzi unoyu adzakhala akuipa kakamwe na auphanga. Buluka penepo, Yahova atonga kufudza anthu akuipa na madzi a cigumula ca dziko yonsene. Mbwenye iye apulumusa atumiki ace akukhulupirika. (Genesi 7:17, 23) Toera kupulumuka, aanju akuipa abwerera pontho kudzulu. Bhibhlya isacemera aanju anewa mademonyo. Iwo asankhula kukhonda bvera Mulungu ninga Sathani, natenepa Dyabo adzakhala ntongi wawo.—Mateo 9:34.
9. (a) Ninji pidacitikirwa na mademonyo mudabwerera iwo kudzulu? (b) Tinadzapfundzanji mu ndima zinatowera?
9 Nakuti iwo akhadakhonda kubvera, Yahova nee atawirisa mademonyo toera kucita khundu ya banja yace. (2 Pedro 2:4) Mademonyo nkhabe kucinjikabve mbakhala anthu, mbwenye iwo asapitiriza ‘kunyengeza anthu onsene a pantsi pano.’ (Apokalipse 12:9; 1 Jwau 5:19) Tendeni tipfundze kuti iwo asapitiriza tani kunyengeza peno kupeusa anthu azinji.—Lerini 2 Akorinto 2:11.
MADEMONYO ASANYENGEZA TANI ANTHU?
10. Kodi mademonyo asanyengeza tani anthu?
10 Mademonyo asanyengeza anthu munjira zizinji. Anthu angapita n’cibverano na mademonyo asacita pyenepi mwapakweca peno munjira inango, ninga ng’anga peno nyakupfundza manyerezero. Kupita n’cibverano na mademonyo pisacemerwa pyaudemonyo peno pyamizimu. Mbwenye Bhibhlya isaticenjeza kuti tithawe pinthu pyonsene pyakuphatana na mademonyo. (Agalata 5:19-21) Thangwi yanji? Ninga nyakusodza asaphatisira nsampha toera kuphata pinyama, mademonyo asaphatisira manyengerero toera kuphata na kutonga anthu.—Onani Cidzindikiro cakumalisa 26.
11. Kodi kulotera ninji, na thangwi yanji tisafunika kukucalira?
11 Ubodzi mwa misampha yawo ndi kulotera. Kulotera ndi kuphatisira mphambvu yakupiringana yacibaliro toera kuyesera kudziwa pya ntsogolo peno cinthu cakukhonda dziwika. Munthu panango asayesera kucita pyenepi mukuyang’ana nyenyezi, kusaka kulotera, kuombedza, kuphatisira bola ya vidro yakucena kakamwe, peno kuleri djanja ya munthu. Anthu azinji asanyerezera kuti macitiro anewa nkhabe kuphekesa, mbwenye si pyenepi tayu. Iwo ndi akugopswa kakamwe. Mwacitsandzo, Bhibhlya isapangiza kuti mademonyo na anyakulotera asaphata pabodzi. Pa Machitiro 16:16-18 tisaleri pya “nzimu wa kuombedza” wakuti ukhaphedza ntsikana toera ‘kulotera.’ Pidamala mpostolo Paulu kubulusa demonyo, ntsikana aluza luso yace yakulonga pya ntsogolo.
12. (a) Thangwi yanji ndi kwakugopswa kuyesera kulonga na anyakufa? (b) Thangwi yanji atumiki a Mulungu cipo asacita khundu m’misambo yaudemonyo?
12 Mademonyo asaphatisira manyengerero anango toera kuphata anthu. Iwo asayesera kuticitisa kukhulupira kuti mphyakukwanisika kulonga na anyakufa, pontho kuti ale adafa ali maso m’mbuto inango pontho anakwanisa kulonga na ife peno kutiphekesa. Mwacitsandzo, khala munthu aferwa na xamwali peno wacibale, panango anaenda kuna munthu, ninga ule anaombedza, wakuti asalonga kuti anakwanisa kulonga na anyakufa. Nyakuombedza panango anapanga munthu pinthu pyakufunika thangwi ya xamwali peno wacibale adafa, ngakhale kutowezera fala ya munthu adafa. (1 Samwele 28:3-19) Misambo mizinji yakuikha anyakufa isabveranambo na pikhulupiro pyakuti anyakufa asapitiriza kukhala maso mbuto inango. Misambo ineyi isaphataniza maphwando akuikha anyakufa, maphwando akukumbuka ntsiku yakuikha anyakufa, ntsembe ya anyakufa, pontho maserimonya anacitwa na nkazi peno mamuna angaferwa na ndzace wa m’banja. Akristu akuti asakhonda kucita khundu m’misambo ineyi, acibale awo peno anthu a pacisa anayesera kuasumula, kuatikana, peno kukhonda kucita cinthu consene na iwo. Mbwenye Akristu asadziwa kuti anyakufa nee ali maso ku mbuto inango. Nkhabe kwanisika kulonga nawo, pontho iwo nkhabe kwanisa kutiphekesa. (Masalmo 115:17) Citani mphole-mphole. Lekani kuyesera kulonga na anyakufa peno mademonyo, pontho lekani kucita khundu m’misambo yaudemonyo.—Lerini Deuteronomyo 18:10, 11; Izaiya 8:19.
13. Kodi anthu azinji akuti akhagopa mademonyo akwanisa kucitanji?
13 Mademonyo nee asanyengeza anthu basi tayu, mbwenye asaagopesambo. Lero, Sathani na mademonyo ace asadziwa kuti asala na ‘ndzidzi ung’ono basi’ toera Mulungu aafudze pa dziko, natenepa iwo ndi auphanga na aukali kakamwe. (Apokalipse 12:12, 17) Mbwenye, anthu azinji akuti akhagopa mademonyo cincino nkhabe kuagopa pontho. Kodi iwo amalisa tani kugopa kwawo mademonyo?
KHONDANI NA SUDZUKANI KU MISAMPHA YA MADEMONYO
14. Ninga Akristu a pyaka dzana yakutoma, tinakwanisa tani kusudzuka ku misampha ya mademonyo?
14 Bhibhlya isatipanga kuti tinakhonda tani mademonyo na kusudzuka ku misampha yawo. Mwacitsandzo, anthu angasi a ku nzinda wa Efeso akhapita n’cibverano na mademonyo mbadzati kupfundza undimomwene. Asudzuka tani ku misampha ineyi? Bhibhlya isalonga: ‘Anango azinji akhacita ung’anga abwerambo na mabukhu awo, mbaapisa pamaso pa anthu.’ (Machitiro 19:19) Nakuti iwo akhafuna kukhala Akristu, iwo afudza mabukhu awo aufiti. Tisafunikambo kucita pibodzi pyene lero. Munthu onsene anafuna kutumikira Yahova asafunika kusiya pinthu pyonsene pyakuphatana na mademonyo. Pyenepi pisaphataniza mabukhu, marevista, horóscopos, mavidyu, nyimbo, masendzekero, pontho ngakhale pithundzithundzi pyakuti pisaphataniza pyaufiti, mademonyo, peno mphambvu yakupiringana yacibaliro pyakuti pisaoneka ninga pyakukhonda phekesa peno pyakukomeresa. Pisaphatanizambo pinthu pyakuti anthu asapiphatisira toera kutsidzikizika ku uipi.—1 Akorinto 10:21.
15. Tisafunika kucitanji pontho toera tikhonde Sathani na mademonyo?
15 Mudapita pyaka pingasi pidamala Akristu a ku Efeso kufudza mabukhu awo a pyaufiti, mpostolo Paulu aalembera kuti iwo anapitiriza na ‘nkhondo yakumenyana na mphambvu ya mizimu yakuipa.’ (Aefesi 6:12) Inde, maseze iwo akhadamala kale kupisa mabukhu awo, mademonyo akhayesera kuaphekesa. Natenepa, kodi Akristu anewa akhafunika kucitanji pontho? Paulu aapanga: ‘Ndzidzi onsene kwatani xango ya cikhulupiro toera mukwanise kuthimisa nayo mapswimo akugaka moto a mademonyo.’ (Aefesi 6:16) Ninga xango yakuti isatsidzikiza nyankhondo pa nkhondo, cikhulupiro cathu cinakwanisa kutitsidzikiza. Tingakhala na cinyindiro cakukwana cakuti Yahova anakwanisa kutitsidzikiza, tinakwanisa kukunda Sathani na mademonyo.—Mateo 17:20.
16. Tinawangisa tani cikhulupiro cathu kuna Yahova?
16 Tinawangisa tani cikhulupiro cathu kuna Yahova? Tisafunika kuleri Bhibhlya ntsiku zonsene na kukhala na cinyindiro cakuti iye anatitsidzikiza. Tingakhala na cinyindiro cakuwanga kuna Yahova, Sathani na mademonyo nee anakwanisa kutiphekesa.—1 Jwau 5:5.
17. Ninji pontho pinadzatitsidzikiza ku mademonyo?
17 Pontho ninji cikhafunika kucita Akristu a ku Efeso? Iwo akhakhala mu nzinda wakudzala na pyaudemonyo. Natenepa Paulu aapanga: ‘Ipi mupicite na kudembetera na kulongambo maphembero onsene.’ (Aefesi 6:18) Iwo akhafunika kuphemba Yahova toera aatsidzikize midzidzi yonsene. Ndiye tanimbo ife? Ife tisakhalambo mu dziko yakunjipa na pyaudemonyo. Ife tisafunikambo kuphemba Yahova toera atitsidzikize na tisafunika kuphatisira dzinace tingacita phembero. (Lerini Misangani 18:10.) Tingapitiriza kuphemba Yahova toera kutipulumusa ku misampha ya Sathani, Yahova anadzatawira maphembero athu.—Masalmo 145:19; Mateo 6:13.
18, 19. (a) Tinakwanisa tani kuwina nkhondo yathu yakumenyana na Sathani na mademonyo? (b) Ndi mbvundzo upi unafuna kudzatawirwa mu nsolo unatowera?
18 Tingataya pinthu pyonsene pinaphataniza pyaudemonyo mbatikhala na cinyindiro cakuti Yahova anakwanisa kutitsidzikiza, tinakwanisa kuthimbana na Sathani na mademonyo. Ife nee tisafunika kuagopa. (Lerini Tyago 4:7, 8.) Yahova ali na mphambvu kakamwe kupiringana ya mademonyo. Iye aatcunyusa mu ntsiku za Nowa, pontho ntsogolo iye anadzaafudza. (Yuda 6) Kumbukani, ife nee tiri tekhene mu nkhondo yathu. Yahova asaphatisira aanju ace amphambvu toera kutitsidzikiza. (2 Amambo 6:15-17) Tinakwanisa kukhala na cinyindiro cakuti na ciphedzo ca Yahova, tinawina nkhondo yathu yakumenyana na Sathani na mademonyo.—1 Pedro 5:6, 7; 2 Pedro 2:9.
19 Mphapo khala Sathani na mademonyo asacitisa nyatwa zizinji, thangwi yanji Yahova nee aafudziratu? Mbvundzo uyu unadzatawirwa mu nsolo unatowera.


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Chigawo lakonzedwa kuti ntchito buku, osati muwerenge ngati mafotokozedwe.
Research chikhalidwe wachita kale kuphatikizanso nkhani monga chinyengo sayansi ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ngongole. Nkhani zimenezi zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane Engineering (2009) .
M'mutu uno kwambiri zooneka ndi zinthu mu United States. Zambiri pa njira zikuyenela review m'mayiko ena, onani Mutu 6, 7, 8 ndi 9 Desposato (2016b) . Chifukwa mkangano kuti Biomedical kutsatira mfundo zabwino zimene zimakhudza chaputala ichi ndi mwauchidakwa American, onani Holm (1995) . Zambiri review mbiri ya mabungwe Review matabwa mu US, onani Stark (2012) .
The Report Belmont ndi malamulo wotsatira mu US adzipangira kusiyana pakati pa kafukufuku ndi mchitidwe. Kusiyana kumeneku wakhala anadzudzula kenako (Beauchamp and Saghai 2012; boyd 2016; Metcalf and Crawford 2016; Meyer 2015) . Ine sindikufuna muzisiyanitsa ili m'mutu uno chifukwa ine ndikuganiza mfundo zabwino ndiponso frameworks ntchito ku zoikamo onse. Zambiri pa woyang'anira kafukufuku pa Facebook, onani Jackman and Kanerva (2016) . Kuti akhazikitse woyang'anira kafukufuku pa ma NGOs, onani Polonetsky, Tene, and Jerome (2015) ndi Tene and Polonetsky (2016) .
Zambiri pa nkhani ya mliri Ebola mu 2014, mukuona McDonald (2016) , ndi zambiri za kuopsa zachinsinsi deta foni, onani Mayer, Mutchler, and Mitchell (2016) . Chitsanzo cha kafukufuku mavuto obwera ntchito deta foni, onani Bengtsson et al. (2011) ndi Lu, Bengtsson, and Holme (2012) .
anthu ambiri alemba za kufalikira maganizo. Magazini Research Ethics zoyenera nkhani wawo wonse mu January 2016 kukambirana kuyesera ya; onani Hunter and Evans (2016) kwa mwachidule kwambiri. The Zokambirana za ophunzira National ya Science lofalitsidwa zidutswa ziwiri za kuyesera kuti: Kahn, Vayena, and Mastroianni (2014) ndi Fiske and Hauser (2014) . Zidutswa zina za kafukufuku ndi monga: Puschmann and Bozdag (2014) ; Meyer (2014) ; Grimmelmann (2015) ; Meyer (2015) ; Selinger and Hartzog (2015) ; Kleinsman and Buckley (2015) ; Shaw (2015) ; Flick (2015) .
Zambiri pa Encore, onani Jones and Feamster (2015) .
Kumbali ya misa anaziika, overviews yotakata zafotokozedwa Mayer-Schönberger (2009) ndi Marx (2016) . Pakuti chitsanzo chenicheni cha ndalama kusintha kwa anaziika, Bankston and Soltani (2013) pafupifupi kutsatira ndi akuganiza chigawenga foni ndi za nthawi 50 mtengo kuposa ntchito anaziika thupi. Bell and Gemmell (2009) amapereka maganizo ziyenda bwino kwambiri pa odzi- anaziika. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala younikira khalidwe kuyezedwa kuti ndi boma kapena pang'ono poyera (mwachitsanzo, Kukumana, Kufanana, ndipo Time), akatswiri akhoza kwambiri amachitsimikizira zinthu zimene ophunzira ambiri amaona kuti payekha. Mwachitsanzo, Michal Kosinski ndi anzake anasonyeza kuti akhoza amachitsimikizira zachinsinsi za anthu, monga chokhudza nkhani yogonana ndi ntchito osokoneza ku zimaoneka wamba deta digito kufufuza (Facebook Likes) (Kosinski, Stillwell, and Graepel 2013) . Izi zikhoza kumveka zamatsenga, koma njira Kosinski ndi anzake ntchito, chomwe chili ndi kuda digito, kufufuza, ndi kuyang'anira kuphunzira kwenikweni chinachake chimene ine kale ndinakuuzani inu za. Kumbukirani kuti Chapter 3 (Kufunsa mafunso) ndinakuuzani mmene Josh Blumenstock ndi anzake (2015) pamodzi deta kafukufuku ndi zomwe foni chaka umphawi Rwanda. Izi chimodzimodzi njira, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti efficiently kuyeza umphawi m'dziko losauka, Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito chifukwa zingakhale zachinsinsi chophwanya inferences.
Malamulo kosagwirizana ndi malamulo kungachititse kuti kafukufuku amene salemekeza zofuna za ophunzira, ndipo kungachititse kuti "kukagula zolimbana" ndi ofufuza (Grimmelmann 2015; Nickerson and Hyde 2016) . Makamaka, ofufuza ena amene akufuna kupewa IRB woyang'anira ndi abwenzi amene si ataphimbidwa ndi IRBs (mwachitsanzo, anthu makampani kapena NGOs) kusonkhanitsa ndi de A-kuzindikira deta. Kenako ofufuza akhoza kukambirana zimenezi de A-kuzindikiridwa deta popanda woyang'anira IRB, osachepera monga ena kutanthauzira malamulo panopa. mtundu uwu kuzemba IRB zikuoneka kuti kosagwirizana ndi mfundo zofotokoza njira.
Zambiri pa mfundo kosagwirizana ndi sakanikira kuti anthu za deta thanzi, onani Fiore-Gartland and Neff (2015) . Zambiri pa mavuto amene heterogeneity amalenga kwa chikhalidwe kafukufuku zochita kuona Meyer (2013) .
Kusiyana pakati pa m'badwo analogi ndi kafukufuku digito m'badwo kuti mu m'badwo digito kafukufuku mogwirizana ndi ophunzira ndi kutali kwambiri. Mwanjira imeneyi chimachitika mwa m'khalapakati monga kampani, ndipo pali ambiri lalikulu zathupi ndi chikhalidwe mtunda pakati pa akatswiri ndi ophunzira. mogwirizana ili kutali amapanga zinthu zina zovuta kafukufuku analogi zaka zovuta kafukufuku digito m'badwo, monga kuphimba kunja ophunzira amene amafuna kuiteteza, kupeza zinthu zoipa, ndipo remediating mavuto ngati kumachitika. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tisiyanitse Maganizo kufalikira ndi zikhoza labu kafukufuku pa nkhaniyi chimodzimodzi. Mu kafukufuku pa labu, ofufuza akanakhoza pounika kunja aliyense amene adzafike pa labu kusonyeza zizindikiro zoonekeratu cha kuvutika maganizo. Komanso, ngati pochita labu analenga chochitika chowawa, ofufuza adzaona izo, kupereka kwa remediate mavuto, ndiyeno kusintha kwa protocol experimental kuteteza mopweteka m'tsogolo. Chikhalidwe kutali zimachitika mu leni Maganizo kufalikira kuyesera zimapangitsa aliyense njira yosavuta komanso chanzeru kovuta. Komanso ndikuona kuti mtunda pakati pa akatswiri ndi ophunzira amapanga ofufuza saganizira maganizo a ophunzira awo.
zina za malamulo kosagwirizana ndi malamulo. Ena mwa kusatsatira uyu akubwera chakuti kafukufuku zikuchitika padziko lonse. Mwachitsanzo, Encore nawo anthu ochokera konsekonse mdziko, kotero izo zikhoza kukhala pansi pa chitetezo deta ndi malamulo zinsinsi za m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Kodi ngati malamulo lolamulira lachitatu chipani zopempha intaneti (zimene Encore anali kuchita) ndi osiyana mu Germany, ndi United States, Kenya, ndi China? Kodi ngati malamulo sali ngakhale zogwirizana m'dzikoli limodzi? A gwero yachiwiri kusatsatira amachokera collaborations pakati akatswiri pa yunivesite ndi makampani; Mwachitsanzo, Nkhawa kufalikira anali mgwirizano pakati wasayansi Deta Facebook ndi pulofesa ndi maphunziro wophunzira pa Cornell. Pa Facebook kuthamanga zatsopano lalikulu ndi chizolowezi ndipo pa nthawi imeneyo, sanafune kuti aliyense lachitatu chipani zikuyenela review. Pa Cornell ya malamulo ndi malamulo ndi zosiyana kwambiri; pafupifupi zatsopano onse ayenera kuwunikira ndi Cornell IRB. Choncho, chimene malamulo ayenera kutsatira maganizo kufalikira-Facebook kapena Cornell chiyani?
Kwambiri khama kuti abwereze Lamulo Common, onani Evans (2013) , Council (2014) , Metcalf (2016) , ndipo Hudson and Collins (2015) .
The njira yakale mfundo zochokera kwa chikhalidwe Biomedical ndi Beauchamp and Childress (2012) . Iwo akunena maganizo kuti mfundo zinayi zikuluzikulu wonditsogolera chikhalidwe Biomedical: Kulemekeza kudziyimira pawokha, Nonmaleficence, Beneficence, ndi Justice. Mfundo nonmaleficence limalimbikitsa umodzi kusala mavuto kwa anthu ena. Mfundo imeneyi kwambiri chikugwirizana ndi ganizo Hippocratic a "Kodi kupweteka." Mu chikhalidwe kafukufuku, mfundo imeneyi nthawi zonse anali kuphatikiza ndi mfundo za Beneficence, koma onani Beauchamp and Childress (2012) (Chapter 5) kwambiri pa kusiyana pakati pa awiri . Pakuti podzudzula kuti mfundo zimenezi amada American, onani Holm (1995) . Zambiri pa zinatanthauza pamene mfundo nkhondo, onani Gillon (2015) .
The mfundo zinayi m'mutu uno akhala akufuna kutsogolera woyang'anira zikuyenela kufufuza zikuchitika pa ma NGOs (Polonetsky, Tene, and Jerome 2015) mwa matupi amatchedwa "Kugula Nkhani Review matabwa" (CSRBs) (Calo 2013) .
Kuwonjezera zokhudza kudziyimira pawokha, ndi Report Belmont limanenanso kuti si anthu amatha woona kukhalanso. Mwachitsanzo, ana, anthu akuvutika ndi matenda, kapena anthu okhala mu zochitika za ufulu ochepa kwambiri amene sangathe kuchita anthu ndi mtima wonse yoyenda yokha, ndi anthu awa, chotero, nkhani ndi kuiteteza.
Kutsatira mfundo za Kulemekeza Anthu mu m'badwo digito kungakhale kovuta. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku digito m'badwo, zingakhale zovuta kupereka protections owonjezera kwa anthu ndi mphamvu kuchepa kukhalanso chifukwa ofufuza zambiri kudziwa zambiri za ophunzira awo. Komanso kuuzidwa chilolezo mu digito m'badwo kafukufuku amenewa ndi vuto lalikulu. Nthawi zina, indetu kuuzidwa chilolezo akhoza kuvutika chifukwa cha chilungamo chododometsa (Nissenbaum 2011) , kumene mauthenga ndi kumvetsa sizigwirizana. Ziri, ngati akatswiri imfomeshoni zonse zokhudza zosonkhanitsira deta, kusanthula ndi kutanthawuzira deta ndi makhalidwe deta chitetezo, kudzakhala kovuta kuti ophunzira ambiri kumvetsa. Koma, ngati akatswiri imfomeshoni timatha kumvetsa, izo zingakhale zofunika luso nkhani. Mu yakuthandizani mu analogi zaka kolowera aziyankhula ankaona ndi Belmont Report wani mukanakhoza kulingalira dokotala kulankhula payekha ndi aliyense kuthandiza kuthetsa chilungamo chododometsa. Mu maphunziro Intaneti zokhudza masauzande kapena mamiliyoni ambiri, amachita maso ndi maso ndi zosatheka. A vuto lina ndi chilolezo mu m'badwo digito kuti ena maphunziro, monga kusanthula repositories waukulu deta, zingakhale kosathandiza kupeza zambiri chilolezo kuchokera kwa ophunzira onse. I mafunso amenewa ndi ena za chilolezo kuuzidwa mwatsatanetsatane m'gawo 6.6.1. Ngakhale pali zovuta zimenezi Komabe, tizikumbukira kuti mozindikira chilolezo si koyenera kapena zokwanira Kulemekeza Anthu.
Zambiri pa yakuthandizani pamaso chilolezo zambiri, werengani Miller (2014) . Buku la kutalika mankhwala a chilolezo kuuzidwa, onani Manson and O'Neill (2007) . Onaninso kuwerenga ananena za chilolezo kuuzidwa m'munsimu.
Harms ndi nkhani ndi mavuto kufufuza kungachititse kuti anthu enieni koma kuti zoikamo chikhalidwe. Mfundo imeneyi pang'ono chabe ayi, koma ine fanizo zitsanzo ziwiri: analogi wina ndi digito mmodzi.
Chitsanzo chachikulu tingachipeze powerenga za mopweteka ndi nkhani amachokera Wichita loweruza Phunziro [ Vaughan (1967) ; Katz, Capron, and Glass (1972) ; Ch 2] -. Nthawi zina amatchedwa Chicago loweruza Project (Cornwell 2010) . Mu ofufuza ino kuchokera University of Chicago, monga mbali ya phunziro zikuluzikulu za zinthu zokhudza malamulo, mobisa analemba asanu deliberations loweruza mu Wichita, Kansas. Oweruza ndi maloya nthawi ya anavomereza nyimbo, ndipo anali okhwima woyang'anira ndondomekoyi. Komabe, jurors sankadziwa kuti nyimbo anali zikuchitika. Kamodzi kuphunzira anatulukira, panali chochititsa manyazi ndi chopusa pagulu. Dipatimenti Justice anayamba kufufuza za phunziroli, ndipo ofufuza onse umboni pamaso Congress. Potsilizira pake, Congress linakhazikitsa lamulo latsopano zimene zimapangitsa lamulo mobisa kulemba loweruza kuganizira.
Kuganizira ofufuza za Phunziro Wichita loweruza anali sizidzawapweteka kwa ophunzira; kani, izo zinali mopweteka kuti nkhani ya loweruza kuganizira. Kuti, anthu anakhulupirira kuti ngati anthu loweruza sanakhulupirire kuti anali kukambirana pa malo abwino ndi otetezedwa, kungakhale kovuta kuti loweruza deliberations Zitatero m'tsogolo. Kuwonjezera loweruza kuganizira pali zina zochitika zenizeni kakhalidwe ka anthu amapereka ndi kuiteteza monga ubale loya-kasitomala ndi chisamaliro maganizo (MacCarthy 2015) .
Chiopsezo mopweteka ndi nkhani ndi kusokonezeka kwa likuyendetsera komanso akubwera mu zina zatsopano kumunda Science Political (Desposato 2016b) . Chitsanzo cha more nkhani-tcheru mtengo-phindu aziwerenga kafukufuku kumunda Science Political, onani Zimmerman (2016) .
Malipilo ophunzira akhala zafotokozedwa angapo zoikamo zokhudza kafukufuku digito m'badwo. Lanier (2014) akufuna kulipira ophunzira tayamba digito iwo kupanga. Bederson and Quinn (2011) ikufotokoza malipiro m'misika Intaneti ntchito. Pomaliza, Desposato (2016a) akumufunsira kulipira ophunzira mu zatsopano kumunda. Iye ananena kuti ngakhale ophunzira sangathe kulipira mwachindunji, ndalama akhoza kukhala gulu ntchito m'malo mwawo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Encore ofufuza za akanatha kupeza ndalama ku gulu ntchito kuthandiza Intaneti.
Terms wa utumiki mapangano ayenera kupatula kulemera kuposa zimenezi negotiated pakati pa zipani ofanana ndi malamulo analengedwa ndi maboma yovomerezeka. Zochitika ofufuza kuphwanya mfundo za utumiki mapangano akale zambiri zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mafunso makina kuti kafukufuku khalidwe la makampani (mofanana zatsopano munda kuyeza tsankho). Kuti mudziwe zina kuona Vaccaro et al. (2015) , Bruckman (2016a) , Bruckman (2016b) . Chitsanzo cha kafukufuku wazotsatira kuti ikufotokoza mfundo za utumiki, onani Soeller et al. (2016) . Zambiri pa mavuto malamulo ofufuza nazo ngati iwo kuphwanya mfundo za utumiki kuona Sandvig and Karahalios (2016) .
Mwachionekere, ndalama kwakukulu zalembedwa za consequentialism ndi deontology. Chitsanzo cha frameworks mmene chikhalidwe, komanso ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukambirana za kafukufuku digito m'badwo, onani Zevenbergen et al. (2015) . Chitsanzo cha mmene frameworks izi zikuyenela ingagwiritsidwe ntchito zatsopano kumunda kukhala zachuma, onani Baele (2013) .
Zambiri pa maphunziro kafukufuku wa tsankho, onani Pager (2007) ndi Riach and Rich (2004) . Osati maphunziro amenewa alibe kudziwa chilolezo, iwonso kumaphatikizapo chinyengo chopanda debriefing.
Onse Desposato (2016a) ndi Humphreys (2015) kupereka malangizo pa zatsopano munda popanda chilolezo.
Sommers and Miller (2013) amakambirana mfundo zambiri mokomera osati debriefing ophunzira pambuyo chinyengo, ndipo ananena kuti akatswiri ayenera kusiya "debriefing pansi akonzedwa yopapatiza ndi mavuto, ndicho kafukufuku kumunda amene debriefing zikhoza zotchinga ndithu zothandiza koma ofufuza akanati sichinkawavutitsa za debriefing ngati iwo akanakhoza. Akatswiri sayenera kuloledwa kusiya debriefing kuti ukhale ndi wosachangamuka ophunzira dziwe, akatero okha ku mkwiyo ophunzira, kapena kuteteza ophunzira ku ngozi. "Ena amati ngati debriefing amachititsa zoipa koposa zabwino ayenera kuzipewa. Debriefing ndi choncho kumene ena ofufuza kusankha Kulemekeza anthu oposa Beneficence, ndipo ofufuza ena kuchita zosiyana. Mmodzi mungachite adzakhala kupeza njira debriefing chochitika kuphunzira kwa gulu. Ndiko koposa kuganiza debriefing monga chimene zoipa, mwina debriefing akhoza kukhala chinachake kuti amapindula ophunzira. Chitsanzo cha mtundu maphunziro debriefing, onani Jagatic et al. (2007) pa debriefing ophunzira patapita njira yofuna kuyesa chikhalidwe. Zamaganizo apanga njira kwa debriefing (DS Holmes 1976a; DS Holmes 1976b; Mills 1976; Baumrind 1985; Oczak and Niedźwieńska 2007) ndi ena awa akhoza usefully ntchito kufufuza digito m'badwo. Humphreys (2015) amapereka maganizo zokhudza chilolezo mtsogolo, amene yogwirizana ndi njira debriefing kuti ine anafotokoza.
Lingaliro kufunsa chitsanzo kwa ophunzira kupempha chilolezo awo chikukhudzana ndi chiyani Humphreys (2015) limati anaganiza chilolezo.
Mfundo zina zimene wakhala akufuna kuchita chikugwirizana ndi chilolezo mozindikira ndi kumanga gulu la anthu amene amavomereza kuti kafukufuku wawo Intaneti (Crawford 2014) . Ena amanena kuti gulu ili adzakhala sanali mwachisawawa chitsanzo cha anthu. Koma, Chapter 3 (Kufunsa mafunso) chimasonyeza kuti mavuto amenewa zomwe addressable ntchito pambuyo stratification ndi chitsanzo yofananira. Komanso chilolezo kukhala pa gulu la inkatha zosiyanasiyana zatsopano. M'mawu ena, ophunzira mwina safuna kuti Aminoni aliyense kuyesera payekha, lingaliro wotchedwa yotakata chilolezo (Sheehan 2011) .
M'malo wapadera, ndi Netflix Prize chikusonyeza yofunika ukadaulo chuma cha datasets kuti muli mumve zambiri za anthu, chotero imatiphunzitsa mfundo yofunika kuti n'zotheka "anonymization" wa datasets oona za chikhalidwe. Owona ndi ndalama zambiri zokhudza munthu aliyense akhoza kukhala ochepa, m'lingaliro kumatanthauza yokhala mu Narayanan and Shmatikov (2008) . Ndiko chilichonse cholembedwa palibe timva kuti ndinu yemweyo, ndipo Ndipotu palibe mbiri ofanana kwambiri munthu aliyense ali kutali ndi anzawo pafupi ndi gulu lazidziwitso. Zodabwitsa kuti deta Netflix angakhale ochepa chifukwa ndi pafupifupi 20,000 mafilimu pa 5 nyenyezi lonse, pali \ (6 ^ {20,000} \) zotheka mfundo zimene munthu aliyense akanatha (6 chifukwa kuwonjezera pa nyenyezi imodzi 5 , munthu ayenera osati adavotera filimu konse). chiwerengero ichi ndi chachikulu, n'zovuta ngakhale kumvetsa.
Sparsity akukhudza ziwiri. Choyamba, zikutanthauza kuti poyesa "anonymize" ndi gulu lazidziwitso zochokera perturbation mwachisawawa mosakayika ndithu. Ndiko kuti, ngakhale Netflix anali mosintha kusintha zina mlingo (chimene iwo anachita), sitingalandire kokwanira chifukwa nkhani anadandaula akadali nkhani wapamtima zotheka kuti mudziwe kuti tizilomboto ali. Chachiwiri, sparsity zikutanthauza kuti de A-anonymization n'zotheka ngakhale tizilomboto akudziwa ungwiro kapena tsankho. Mwachitsanzo, mu deta Netflix, tiyeni tiyerekeze ndi tizilomboto akudziwa mavoti anu mafilimu awiri ndi madeti munalonjeza mavoti anthu +/- masiku 3; ndi nkhaniyi umboni wokwanira kuti mwapadera kuzindikira 68% ya anthu mu deta Netflix. Ngati azidzamenya nkhondo akudziwa 8 mafilimu kuti adavotera +/- 14 masiku, ndiye ngakhale awiri mavoti amenewa amadziwika ndi zolakwika, 99% ya mbiri akhoza mwapadera anazindikiritsidwa mu gulu lazidziwitso. M'mawu ena, sparsity vuto pochita khama kuti "anonymize" deta, amene ali Kalanga chifukwa ambiri oona za chikhalidwe gulu lazidziwitso ndi ochepa.
zambiri zazidziwitso telefoni komanso angaoneke kukhala "anonymous" ndipo sachita chidwi, koma si choncho. Zambiri zazidziwitso telefoni ndi kuuzindikira champhamvu (Mayer, Mutchler, and Mitchell 2016; Landau 2016) .
Chithunzi 6,6, I sketched kunja malonda pa pakati pa chiopsezo ku gulu ndi ubwino ndi kafukufuku pazimene kumasulidwa. Yerekezerani pakati njira kapadera mwayi (mwachitsanzo, munda mipanda) ndi njira yoletsedwa deta (mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa anonymization) kuona Reiter and Kinney (2011) . Kuti akufuna magulu dongosolo la misinkhu chiopsezo deta, onani Sweeney, Crosas, and Bar-Sinai (2015) . Potsiriza, kwa kwambiri kukambirana ambiri nawo deta, onani Yakowitz (2011) .
Yoganizira zambiri za izi malonda pa pakati pa chiopsezo ndi zofunikira deta, onani Brickell and Shmatikov (2008) , Ohm (2010) , Wu (2013) , Reiter (2012) , ndipo Goroff (2015) . Kuona malonda pa ntchito kafukufuku kowona massively lotseguka maphunziro Intaneti (MOOCs), onani Daries et al. (2014) ndi Angiuli, Blitzstein, and Waldo (2015) .
Masiyanidwe chinsinsi lilinso ndi njira ina yomwe akhoza kuphatikiza zonse phindu mkulu kwa anthu ndi ngozi yochepa kwa ophunzira, onani Dwork and Roth (2014) ndi Narayanan, Huey, and Felten (2016) .
Zambiri pa mfundo panokha kudzizindikiritsa mudziwe (PII), ndi mfundo yaikulu ambiri malamulo okhudza chikhalidwe kafukufuku, onani Narayanan and Shmatikov (2010) ndi Schwartz and Solove (2011) . Zambiri pa kafukufuku onse akhoza tcheru, kuona Ohm (2015) .
M'chigawo chino, Ine anasonyeza kuti Mgwirizano wa datasets zosiyana chimene zingawachititse kuti atenge kachirombo pazankhani. Komabe, zikhoza kulenga mwayi kufufuza, monga analimbikira Currie (2013) .
Zambiri pa safes zisanu, onani Desai, Ritchie, and Welpton (2016) . Chitsanzo cha mmene zotuluka akhoza akudzizindikiritsa, onani Brownstein, Cassa, and Mandl (2006) , lomwe limasonyeza bwanji maps of kuchuluka matenda akhoza kudzizindikiritsa. Dwork et al. (2017) komanso amaona kuukira motsutsana deta akaphatikiza, monga ziwerengero za mmene anthu ambiri ndi matenda ena.
Warren and Brandeis (1890) ndi wosaiwalika malamulo nkhani za chinsisi, ndi nkhani ambiri chimagwirizana ndi maganizo onena kuti zachinsinsi ndi ufulu ndekha. Posachedwapa buku kutalika mankhwala a chinsinsi kuti Ndibwino monga Solove (2010) ndi Nissenbaum (2010) .
Kwa review kafukufuku wazotsatira mmene anthu amaonera zachinsinsi, onani Acquisti, Brandimarte, and Loewenstein (2015) . Magazini ya Science anafalitsa nkhani yapadera lotchedwa "The End wa Zambezi", amene akulankhula nkhani ya chinsinsi ndi chiopsezo mfundo zosiyanasiyana malingaliro osiyana; pakuti mwachidule ndi kuwona Enserink and Chin (2015) . Calo (2011) amapereka chimango kwa kuganizira mopweteka amene anachokera kuyan'anila zachinsinsi. Chitsanzo oyambirira nkhawa za chinsinsi ku chiyambi kumene kwa m'badwo digito ndi Packard (1964) .
Vuto lina pamene tikuyesetsa kutsatira ndi kochepa chiopsezo muyezo ndi kuti si bwino amene tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ntchito benchmarking (Council 2014) . Mwachitsanzo, anthu osowa pokhala nawo misinkhu apamwamba cha ululu pa moyo wawo. Koma, kuti sizikutanthauza kuti ethically chovomerezeka kwa angalole anthu osowa pokhala ndi kafukufuku apamwamba chiopsezo. Pachifukwa ichi, zikuoneka kuti kuuzidwa ndi kukula vuto kochepa ayenera benchmarked motsutsana muyezo ambiri anthu, osati anthu enieni muyezo. Pamene ine ambiri amavomereza ndi lingaliro la muyezo ambiri anthu, ine ndikuganiza kuti nsanja yaikulu Intaneti monga Facebook, anthu enieni muyezo ndi wololera. Kuti ndi tikaonetsetsa Maganizo kufalikira, ine ndikuganiza kuti izo ndi zomveka miyeso yolinganizira motsutsana chiopsezo tsiku ndi tsiku pa Facebook. anthu A enieni muyezo mu nkhani iyi ndi osavuta kuunikira ndi chodziwikiratu kuti losemphana ndi mfundo za Justice, amene amafuna kupewa zobvuta kafukufuku kulephera chilungamo pa magulu ovutika (mwachitsanzo, akaidi ndi ana amasiye).
Akatswiri ena nawonso anaitana mapepala kwambiri monga appendices zikuyenela (Schultze and Mason 2012; Kosinski et al. 2015) . King and Sands (2015) lilinso nsonga zothandiza.


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Chochuluka Pramiracetam amadziwika monga mmodzi wa anthu ogwira mtima ndi wamphamvu Nootropics, Akuti kukhala 30 nthawi wamphamvu kuposa Piracetam, yoyamba Nootropic chidapezeka. Pafupi Phenylpiracetam ndi Racetam wamphamvu kwambiri mu ntchito lonse ndi kupezeka pa msika. Limatithandiza onse osiyanasiyana chidziwitso zowonjezera ndi laling'ono kwambiri mlingo chofunika kuti muzindikire zabwino phindu. Pramiracetam mu chochuluka ufa mawonekedwe ndi msanga akuchita ndi theka moyo 5 kuti 7 maola, limodzi, Alevi onse Nootropic zowonjezera mavitamini pa msika. Izi mwina chifukwa cha Pramiracetam mafuta sungunuka pamene Racetam Piracetam ndi madzi sungunuka. Dinani apa kugula Pramiracetam Intaneti.
Kwambiri phindu la zimenezi Nootropic ndi loti kwambiri pa usiku wonse kuphunzira kapena ntchito zina wamarisece wathunthu zofunika kwambiri nthawi yaitali. Pankhani mu ufa ndi kapisolo mawonekedwe, koma ufa mawonekedwe Pramiracetam ali odzipereka mu m'magazi mwamsanga ndi kuyamba kugwira ntchito zambiri mofulumira. Pamene inu kugula Pramiracetam chochuluka ufa mukupita kupulumutsa pang'ono ndalama miyala kapena makapisozi ndalama zambiri popanga ndi phukusi lomwe tinatengera kwa makasitomala.
Dziko Latsopano
Ubwino zimachitika ndi Pramiracetam ufa
Waukulu phindu motenga Pramiracetam ndi zayamba kusintha chonse kukumbukira. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti Nootropic ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'madera yokumbukira ntchito. Zikuphatikizapo Sitingayerekeze yochepa ntchito kukumbukira ndi kuphatikiza a yaitali kukumbukira. Ntchito kukumbukira anafotokoza kuti mphamvu ya kuchita kuwerengetsera ndi kulingalira ndi akuganiza kuti kwambiri predictor a madzimadzi nzeru.
Mbali inayi, mapangidwe yaitali kukumbukira ndi wapafupi nzeru wotsimikiza, chomwe chimayimira mwatsatanetsatane, mfundo ndi zokumana agonjetse moyo wonse.
Pramiracetam mu chochuluka ufa amadziwika kuonjezera pa liwiro limene yochepa kukumbukira mtima kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako. Izi zikugwirizana mungamulimbikitse kuphunzira ntchito zoikamo komanso maphunziro zoikamo. Pramiracetam imayendetsa kudera la ubongo limatchedwa hippocampus amene ali nawo kukumbukira timakumbukira. Izi chinanso apindule zimenezi zikugwirizana zimveke bwino Intaneti kukumbukira kukumbukira ndi zambiri. Werengani Dzina Reviews wa Pramiracetam kuno.
Mofulumira Chisoni Times ndi Wamkulu Tcheru
Pramiracetam imatchedwanso kuti zimakhudzanso chonse chapakati mantha dongosolo. Zimathandiza kwambiri pang'ono osati ngakhale kuti akhale oopsa stimulant. Zotsatira ndi mphamvu maganizo Zikuoneka kuti kumatheka ndi kuwonjezeka mu momveka maganizo ndi ganizo. Pali chinawonjezeka kwenikweni kuzindikira ndi kuchuluka bwino ndiponso ngakhale mofulumira anachita nthawi. Zimenezi zingakhale chifukwa chachikulu kotunga mpweya kupita ku ubongo ndi kuwonjezeka mu magazi.
Ndi mphamvu mu magazi pali kuwonjezeka kwa kagayidwe a shuga omwe tsopano zosavuta. Izi zotsatira kutulutsa kusintha luso kuganizira ndi yaitali chidwi chikhato. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake Pramiracetam Ndi zoziwika kukhala zabwino Racetam kwa ndende ndiponso kuthandiza anthu "mu woyendera nthambi" za ntchito pa dzanja, kaya kuphunzira kapena kugwira ntchito okhudza.
Kuchuluka zilandiridwenso ndi Kulankhulana
Studies umboni kuti ubongo kulankhula bwino pamene ntchito chochuluka Pramiracetam. Amathandiza polenga latsopano manyuroni ndi synapses mu corpus callosum m'dera la ubongo. Choncho, pali kusintha kulankhulana pakati pa onse hemispheres ya wosuta ubongo. Zimenezi zingathandizenso mu mapangidwe kukumbukira.
Anthu amene akumwa Pramiracetam lipoti kuti amatha kuganiza mwachangu ndipo kwambiri mwakuya. Wosuta zipika kulembamo kuti amathandiza mu otaya maganizo popanda alipidwa kupsyinjika maganizo pochita kuthetsa vuto lenileni kapena kulankhulana ndi anthu ena. Onani wathu wonse kalozera pa njira yabwino kutenga Pramiracetam.
Pharmacology wa Pramiracetam
Akavala apakamwa, Pramiracetam ufa mu chochuluka imatsala mu m'magazi ntchito kapepala matumbo. Iwo afike pazipita ndende m'ma 20 Mphindi. Ndi wokhoza umalowa mu mwazi ubongo chotchinga kwambiri mosavuta. Izo ziyenera kwambiri bioavailability kutanthauza ambiri zomwe ingested kwenikweni odzipereka ndi ntchito. Izi zikhoza kukhala chinthu kupanga Pramiracetam wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa Aniracetam, wina Nootropic amene ali mafuta sungunuka, koma ndi chochepa kwambiri ndi bioavailability.
Kamodzi Pramiracetam aloŵa m'kati magazi ubongo chotchinga iwo akupitiriza ku Acetylcholine zolandilira. Monga amachitira zimenezi zolandilira zotsatira ndi wa slowing pansi pa ndondomeko Acetylcholine desensitizing ndi zolandilira, kuwapanga womvera kwa Acetylcholine kuchititsa kwambiri kukondoweza. Chifukwa Acetylcholine ndi imodzi yothandiza mankhwala mu ubongo zokhudza ambiri a chidziwitso madongosolo monga chikumbukiro, Cholinga, kuphunzira ndi m'misasa, kumaliza ndi zambiri yogwira ubongo m'maderawa.
Best Place kugula Pramiracetam mu chochuluka ufa
Chifukwa chochuluka Pramiracetam ndi osati malamulo a US ndi chodziwikiratu kuti azipezeka mu masitolo chachikulu bokosi ritelo kapena chakudya ngakhale aakulu kapena masitolo kumene zowonjezera amagulitsidwa ngati Walgreens, CVS, Walmart kapena GNC. Choncho Malo kugula ichi Nootropic ndi Intaneti. Chochuluka ufa ndi yotsikirapo mtengo chifukwa cha ndalama analenga mwa akatembenuka mu makapisozi. Miyala kapena makapisozi akhoza ndalama kwa kasanu monga momwe ufa mawonekedwe Pramiracetam.
Zonse muyenera kuchita ndi kusakaniza Pramiracetam phulusa mu mkaka ndi kumwa. Musati kupasuka mu madzi si madzi sungunuka, yokha mafuta sungunuka. Mukhozanso ingest ndi mzake mafuta mankhwala ngati nsomba mafuta piritsi. Iwo ankaona bwino kutenga Pramiracetam pa utumiki m'mimba, Unlimimelo Oxiracetam kapena Piracetam. Ngati ntchito ufa mawonekedwe kwambiri kovuta kwa inu mukhoza kugula ndi yotchipa piritsi capping chipangizo ndi kupanga mankhwala nokha. The zofunika zipangizo zikhoza kugulidwa kwa pansi $20 ndipo ndi kudya ndi zophweka ndipo adzapulumutsa ndalama zambiri.
Lodalirika Pramiracetam chochuluka ufa ndi owawa kuti kukoma kotero wofiira mbendera adzakhala gulu lirilonse ponena kuti zikugwirizana ndi "zosangalatsa Zokoma" kapena "zovomerezeka". Ndi chirichonse pali sapulaya kuyesera kugulitsa otsika khalidwe mankhwala choncho onetsetsani kuti musakhale anawapusitsa mu kugula chirichonse koma pamwamba khalidwe ufa. Pali zambiri zokhudza Intaneti mu maonekedwe ndi pa amakhala choncho anu kafukufuku.


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Allohol - mankhwala choleretic zimenezi pa masoka maziko.
Malinga ndi ndemanga Allohol kwambiri mu matenda a biliary thirakiti.
pharmacological kanthu allohol
Allohol kumapangitsa yopanga ya ndulu zidulo, pang`ono kuwonjezeka yopanga ya ndulu mu chiwindi, kumawonjezera otaya ya ndulu, motero kuteteza kufala kwa HIV ndi kutukusira kwa kuwombera. Allohol kumathandiza mpweya wa insoluble salt a ya ndulu zidulo, kenako mwala mapangidwe.
Allohol amatchedwanso mankhwala amene angathe yambitsa ya galimoto ndi secretory ntchito za m`mimba dongosolo.
Komanso, monga mwa anasonkhana alendo Allohol extinguishes m`matumbo nayonso mphamvu ndi inali kuwola, kupereka kuwala mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba tingati kumachepetsa flatulence.
Allohol odzipereka mu m`mimba thirakiti.
Kumasulidwa maonekedwe zikuchokera allohol
Mukhozanso Allohol mapiritsi kwa akulu ndi ana .
piritsi limodzi lili 80 mg allohol nyama youma kapena unakhuthala ya ndulu, 40 mg ndi youma adyo, 5 mg wa zouma nettle masamba, 25 mg adamulowetsa makala.
Malinga ndi malangizo Allohol ana muli yemweyo mankhwala, theka kwambiri.
KULIMA allohol mapiritsi mapaketi a 50, 20, 10 zidutswa.
Zisonyezero, njira ntchito allohol
Kuti allohol zikuonetsa matenda a chiwindi ndi biliary thirakiti:
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- biliary dyskinesia, ndulu;
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- - kukhazikitsa pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndulu, ya ndulu ducts, postcholecystectomical syndrome;
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- ndi ndulu cholesterosis.
The kukhazikitsidwa kwa ana allohol chikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za zinchito kulephera ya ndulu, omwe kaŵirikaŵiri matenda mu nthawi yogwira kukula kwa mwanayo.
Mu malangizo ayenera 3-4r Allohol. patsiku, wina - mapiritsi awiri pambuyo ingestion . Maphunzirowa chimakhala pafupi mwezi. Ngati wodwala ali kuipiraipira kwa matendawa, mungachite piritsi 1 allohol 2-3r. Tsiku lina - miyezi iwiri. Bwerezani mankhwala allohol kungakhale miyezi itatu.
Zonsezi ambiri deta ali malangizo allohol ndi kuchitira allohol analimbikitsa yekha mankhwala.
Zotsatira zoyipa allohol
allohol Mapale angachititse thupi lawo siligwirizana, contraindications allohol
Malinga ndi malangizo allohol, mankhwala ndi contraindicated amenewa limati:
- mbali yapadera allohol
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- mmatumbo chilonda;
- subacute alibe a chiwindi ndi pachimake;
- pachimake chiwindi
pa mimba Allohol asonyeza yekha ndi chilolezo kwa dokotala.
Pa ndemanga Allohol relieves zizindikiro za kawopsedwe, ndi normalizes ntchito ya m`mimba thirakiti, sipangakhalenso wosweka ino.
Kodi allohol wambiri pa mkaka wa m`mawere chifukwa chokhala zikuchokera adyo - akhoza kuchepetsa kukoma khalidwe la mkaka, motero amachiyambitsadi kukana kwa mwana kudya.


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Tiziyamikira ‘Mphatso Yaulere’ Imene Mulungu Anatipatsa
“Tikuyamika Mulungu chifukwa cha mphatso yake yaulere, imene sitingathe n’komwe kuifotokoza.”—2 AKOR. 9:15.
1, 2. (a) Tchulani ‘mphatso yaulere’ imene Mulungu anatipatsa. (b) Kodi tikambirana mafunso ati m’nkhaniyi?
YEHOVA anasonyeza kuti amatikonda kwambiri pamene anatumiza Mwana wake padzikoli. (Yoh. 3:16; 1 Yoh. 4:9, 10) Mtumwi Paulo ananena kuti pochita zimenezi, Mulungu anatipatsa ‘mphatso yaulere imene sitingathe n’komwe kuifotokoza.’ (2 Akor. 9:15) N’chifukwa chiyani ananena zimenezi?
2 Paulo ankadziwa kuti zonse zimene Mulungu analonjeza zidzakwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha nsembe ya Yesu. (Werengani 2 Akorinto 1:20.) Ndiye ponena kuti ‘mphatso yaulere,’ ankatanthauza zinthu zonse zabwino zimene Mulungu angatipatse kudzera mwa Yesu. Mphatsoyi ndi yaikulu kwambiri moti anthufe sitingathe kuifotokoza bwinobwino. Ndiye kodi tiyenera kumva bwanji tikaganizira za mphatso yamtengo wapataliyi? Nanga kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timayamikira mphatsoyi tikamakonzekera Chikumbutso cha imfa ya Khristu chimene chidzachitike Lachitatu pa 23 March, 2016?
MPHATSO YAPADERA YOCHOKERA KWA MULUNGU
3, 4. (a) Kodi mumamva bwanji munthu wina akakupatsani mphatso? (b) Kodi mungafune kuchita chiyani mutalandira mphatso yaikulu kwambiri?
3 Munthu akapatsidwa mphatso amasangalala ndiponso kuyamikira. Mphatso zina zimakhala zapadera kwambiri moti zingachititse kuti moyo wa munthu usinthe. Mwachitsanzo, tiyerekeze kuti mwapezeka wolakwa pa mlandu waukulu ndipo mwaweruzidwa kuti muphedwe. Koma kenako munthu wina amene simukumudziwa, akudzipereka kuti aphedwe m’malo mwa inu. Kodi mungamve bwanji?
4 N’zoonekeratu kuti mungayamikire kwambiri munthuyo ndipo zingakuchititseni kuganiza zosintha zimene mumachita. N’kutheka kuti zingakuchititseni kukhala ndi mtima wopatsa, kusonyeza ena chikondi komanso kukhululukira amene akulakwirani. Mosakayikira, simungadzaiwale zimene munthuyo anakuchitirani.
5. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti nsembe imene Mulungu anapereka ndi mphatso yaikulu kuposa mphatso ina iliyonse?
5 Zimene Yehova anatichitira ndi zazikulu kwambiri kuposa zimene munthu wa m’chitsanzochi anachita. (1 Pet. 3:18) Tikutero chifukwa chakuti tonse ndife ochimwa ndipo timayembekezera kufa. (Aroma 5:12) Koma chifukwa chotikonda, Yehova anakonza kuti Yesu abwere padzikoli n’cholinga choti “alawe imfa m’malo mwa munthu aliyense.” (Aheb. 2:9) Choncho Yehova anakonza zoti adzathetseretu imfa. (Yes. 25:7, 8; 1 Akor. 15:22, 26) Aliyense amene amakhulupirira Yesu adzalandira moyo wosatha. Anthu ena adzakhala ndi moyo wosangalala komanso wamtendere padziko lapansi pano n’kumalamuliridwa ndi Ufumu wa Mulungu. Ndipo odzozedwa adzapita kumwamba kukalamulira limodzi ndi Yesu. (Aroma 6:23; Chiv. 5:9, 10) Koma kodi ndi madalitso ena ati amene ndi mbali inanso ya mphatsoyi?
6. (a) Kodi inuyo mukulakalaka kudzaona zinthu ziti zitakwaniritsidwa? (b) Tchulani zinthu zitatu zimene tingachite posonyeza kuyamikira chikondi cha Mulungu.
6 Mulungu adzaukitsa akufa, adzathetsa matenda onse komanso kukonza dzikoli kuti likhale paradaiso. (Yes. 33:24; 35:5, 6; Yoh. 5:28, 29) Madalitso onsewa ndi mbali ya mphatso yaulere imene Mulungu watipatsa. N’zodziwikiratu kuti tonsefe timakonda Yehova ndiponso Mwana wake chifukwa chotipatsa mphatsoyi. Koma kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timayamikira chikondi chimene Mulungu anatisonyezachi? Tiyeni tikambirane zinthu zitatu zimene tingachite posonyeza kuti timayamikira Mulungu. (1) Tiziyesetsa kutsanzira Yesu mosamala kwambiri. (2) Tizisonyeza kuti timakonda abale athu. (3) Tizikhululukira ena ndi mtima wonse.
KODI TINGASONYEZE BWANJI KUTI TIMAYAMIKIRA CHIKONDI CHA KHRISTU?
7, 8. Kodi munthu amene amayamikira chikondi cha Yesu amafunitsitsa kuchita chiyani?
7 Choyamba, tiyenera kuchita zinthu zimene mtumwi Paulo ananena. Iye anati “chikondi chimene Khristu ali nacho chimatikakamiza” kuchita zimene Khristuyo angasangalale nazo. (Werengani 2 Akorinto 5:14, 15.) Paulo ankadziwa kuti munthu akamayamikira chikondi chimene Yesu anasonyeza, amayamba kukonda kwambiri Yesuyo. Tikamaganizira ndi kumvetsa bwino zimene Yehova anatichitira, timayamikira kwambiri chikondi chake. Komanso timafunitsitsa kukhala ndi moyo wogwirizana ndi zimene Yesu amafuna. Koma kodi tingasonyeze bwanji zimenezi?
8 Popeza timakonda Yehova, timayesetsa kutsatira chitsanzo cha Yesu mosamala kwambiri komanso kuchita zimene Mulungu ndi Khristu amafuna. (1 Pet. 2:21; 1 Yoh. 2:6) Yesu anati: “Amene ali ndi malamulo anga ndipo amawasunga, ameneyo ndiye amene amandikonda. Komanso wondikonda ine, Atate wanga adzamukondanso. Inenso ndidzamukonda ndipo ndidzadzionetsera bwinobwino kwa iye.”—Yoh. 14:21; 1 Yoh. 5:3.
9. Kodi tiyenera kusamala ndi chiyani?
9 Nyengo ya Chikumbutso ndi nthawi yabwino kuganizira kwambiri zinthu zimene timachita. Tingadzifunse kuti: ‘Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zimene ndimachita bwino potsanzira Yesu? Nanga ndi zinthu ziti zimene ndiyenera kusintha?’ Tiyenera kudzifunsa mafunso amenewa chifukwa nthawi zonse timakakamizidwa kutsatira zimene anthu a m’dzikoli amachita. (Aroma 12:2) Ngati sitingasamale, tikhoza kuyamba kutsatira anthu am’dzikoli amene amaoneka anzeru, otchuka kapena akatswiri amasewera. (Akol. 2:8; 1 Yoh. 2:15-17) Kodi tingapewe bwanji zimenezi?
10. Kodi ndi mafunso ati amene tingadzifunse pa nyengo ya Chikumbutso ino, ndipo zimenezi zingatithandize bwanji? (Onani chithunzi patsamba 12.)
10 Pa nyengo ya Chikumbutso tingachitenso bwino kuona zinthu zomwe tili nazo. Mwachitsanzo, tingaone bwinobwino zovala zathu ndiponso nyimbo ndi mafilimu amene tili nawo. Ndi bwinonso kuona zinthu zimene timasunga pakompyuta, pafoni kapena patabuleti yathu. Mukamayang’ana zovala zanu muzidzifunsa kuti: ‘Zitakhala kuti Yesu alipo, kodi ndikhoza kucheza naye momasuka nditavala zovala zimenezi?’ (Werengani 1 Timoteyo 2:9, 10.) ‘Ndikavala zovala zimenezi, kodi anthu amazindikira kuti ndine wotsatira wa Yesu?’ Pa nkhani ya mafilimu, nyimbo komanso zipangizo zamakono, tingadzifunsenso mafunso ngati awa: ‘Kodi Yesu angaonere filimu kapena kumvera nyimbo imeneyi? Kodi ndikhoza kumubwereka foni kapena tabuleti yanga ndi kumulola kuti aone zimene ndinaikamo?’ Ndipo ngati mumakonda masewera apakompyuta, mungadzifunsenso kuti: ‘Kodi ndingavutike kufotokozera Yesu chifukwa chimene ndimakondera masewera amenewa?’ Ngati timakonda kwambiri Yehova, tidzataya chilichonse chimene Khristu sangasangalale nacho, ngakhale zitakhala kuti tinachigula modula. (Mac. 19:19, 20) Pamene tinkadzipereka kwa Yehova tinamulonjeza kuti sitidzachitanso zofuna zathu koma za Mwana wake. Choncho sitiyenera kukakamira chilichonse chimene chingatilepheretse kutsatira mosamala chitsanzo cha Yesu.—Mat. 5:29, 30; Afil. 4:8.
11. (a) Kodi tingachite chiyani pa ntchito yolalikira chifukwa chokonda Yehova ndiponso Yesu? (b) Kodi chikondi chingatichititse kuthandiza bwanji anthu ena mumpingo?
11 Chifukwa chokonda kwambiri Yesu, timagwiranso mwakhama ntchito yolalikira. (Mat. 28:19, 20; Luka 4:43) Pa nthawi ya Chikumbutso timakhala ndi mwayi wochita upainiya wothandiza wamaola 30 kapena 50. Kodi mungayambiretu kukonza zinthu kuti mudzachite nawo utumikiwu? M’bale wina wazaka 84 amene mkazi wake anamwalira, ankaganiza kuti sangathe kuchita upainiya wothandiza chifukwa chakuti ndi wachikulire komanso amadwaladwala. Komabe apainiya ena amumpingo wawo anamuthandiza. Apainiyawa ankamutenga pa galimoto yawo akamapita mu utumiki komanso anasankha gawo loti m’baleyu akhoza kuyenda bwinobwino. Pa mapeto pake, m’baleyo anakwanitsa kuchita nawo upainiya wamaola 30. Kodi inunso mukhoza kuthandiza winawake mumpingo wanu kuti achite nawo upainiya wothandiza pa nyengo ya Chikumbutso? N’zoona kuti si tonse amene tingakwanitse kuchita upainiya. Komabe tikhoza kuchita zonse zimene tingathe pa ntchito yolalikira. Tikadzachita zimenezi tidzasonyeza kuti tikutsanzira mtumwi Paulo amene ankayamikira kwambiri chikondi cha Khristu. Koma kodi chikondi cha Mulungu chingatithandizenso kuchita chiyani?
TIYENERA KUKONDANA
12. Kodi chikondi cha Mulungu chimatithandizanso kuchita chiyani?
12 Chachiwiri, chikondi cha Mulungu chiyenera kutichititsanso kukonda abale athu. Paja mtumwi Yohane analemba kuti: “Okondedwa, ngati Mulungu anatikonda chonchi, ndiye kuti ifenso tiyenera kukondana.” (1 Yoh. 4:7-11) Ngati timayamikiradi chikondi cha Mulungu, tiyenera kukonda abale athu. (1 Yoh. 3:16) Kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timawakonda?
13. Kodi Yesu anapereka chitsanzo chotani pa nkhani yokonda ena?
13 Chitsanzo cha Yesu chingatithandize pa nkhaniyi. Ali padzikoli, ankaganizira kwambiri anthu onyozeka. Ankathandiza anthu olumala, osaona, osamva ndiponso osalankhula. (Mat. 11:4, 5) Yesu ankasangalala kuphunzitsa anthu omwe atsogoleri a chipembedzo chachiyuda ankawaona ngati ‘otembereredwa.’ (Yoh. 7:49) Iye ankakonda kwambiri anthuwo ndipo ankayesetsa kuwathandiza.—Mat. 20:28.
14. Kodi inuyo mungachite chiyani posonyeza kuti mumakonda abale ndi alongo anu?
14 Pa nthawi ya Chikumbutso tingachitenso bwino kuganizira kwambiri abale ndi alongo amumpingo wathu n’kuona ngati pali ena amene tingawathandize. Mwachitsanzo mwina mumpingo wathu muli abale ndi alongo achikulire. Tikhoza kupita kunyumba kwawo kukawachezera, kukawaphikira komanso kuwathandiza ntchito zina zapakhomo. Tikhozanso kuwathandiza kufika kumisonkhano kapena kuyenda nawo mu utumiki. (Werengani Luka 14:12-14.) Tikamaganizira mmene Mulungu amatikondera timafunitsitsa kusonyeza chikondi kwa abale athu.
TIZICHITIRA CHIFUNDO ABALE NDI ALONGO ATHU
15. Kodi tonsefe tiyenera kukumbukira chiyani?
15 Chachitatu, chikondi cha Yehova chiyenera kutichititsa kuti tizikhululukira abale ndi alongo athu. Tonsefe tinatengera uchimo ndiponso imfa kwa Adamu. Choncho palibe amene anganene kuti nsembe ya Yesu ndi yosafunika kwa iye. Ngakhale munthu amene amatumikira Yehova mokhulupirika kwambiri amafunika nsembe ya Khristu imene Mulungu anatipatsa. Tonsefe tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Mulungu anatikomera mtima kwambiri potikhululukira machimo athu ndipo zili ngati anatikhululukira ngongole yaikulu. Fanizo lina la Yesu lingatithandize kumvetsa kufunika kokumbukira zimenezi.
16, 17. (a) Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani m’fanizo la Yesu lonena za mfumu ndi akapolo? (b) Kodi mukaganizira fanizo la Yesu, mukufunitsitsa kuchita chiyani?
16 Yesu ananena fanizo la mfumu ina imene inakhululukira kapolo wake ngongole ya matalente 10,000 kapena kuti madinari 60 miliyoni. Koma chodabwitsa n’chakuti kapoloyu analephera kukhululukira mnzake ndalama zochepa kwambiri zokwana madinari 100 zokha. Mfumuyo itamva zimenezi, inakwiya kwambiri n’kumuuza kuti: “Kapolo woipa iwe, ine ndakukhululukira ngongole yonse ija utandidandaulira. Kodi nawenso sukanam’chitira chifundo kapolo mnzako, monga momwe ine ndinakuchitira chifundo?” (Mat. 18:23-35; onani Kabuku Kothandiza Kuphunzira Mawu a Mulungu, 18-B.) Kapoloyu akanaganizira chifundo chachikulu chimene mfumu ija inamuchitira, akanathanso kukhululukira mnzakeyo. Kodi ifenso tikaganizira chikondi ndiponso chifundo cha Yehova tingafune kuchita chiyani?
17 Pa nthawi ya Chikumbutso tingachite bwino kudzifufuza kuti tione ngati tikusungira zifukwa abale ndi alongo athu ena. Nthawiyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti titsanzire Yehova amene amakhala “wokonzeka kukhululuka.” (Sal. 86:5; Neh. 9:17) Ngati timayamikira kuti Yehova anatikhululukira ngongole yaikulu, timafunanso kukhululukira ena ndi mtima wonse. Yehova sangatikonde komanso kutikhululukira ngati sitikonda ndiponso kukhululukira anzathu. (Mat. 6:14, 15) N’zoona kuti kukhululukira ena sikungasinthe zimene anatilakwirazo, koma kungatithandize kuti tikhale ndi tsogolo labwino.
18. Kodi kuyamikira chikondi cha Mulungu kunathandiza bwanji mlongo wina amene ankasamalira mlongo wamasiye?
18 Nthawi zambiri, ‘kulolera ndi kukhululukira’ abale ndi alongo athu si kophweka. (Werengani Akolose 3:13, 14; Aefeso 4:32.) Mwachitsanzo, mlongo wina dzina lake Lily anadzipereka kuti azithandiza mlongo wina wamasiye.[1] Ankamutenga pa galimoto akafuna kupita kwinakwake komanso ankamuchitira zinthu zina zambiri. Ngakhale kuti Lily ankamuthandiza kwambiri, mlongoyu anali wovuta komanso ankaoneka kuti sankayamikira zimene Lily ankamuchitira. Komabe Lily ankayesetsa kuganizira zinthu zabwino zimene mlongo ameneyu ankachita. Anapitirizabe kumuthandiza kwa zaka zambiri mpaka pamene mlongoyo anadwala kwambiri n’kumwalira. Lily ananena kuti: “Ngakhale kuti zinthu zinali choncho, ndikufunitsitsa kuti ndidzamuonenso akadzaukitsidwa. Ndikufuna ndidzaone mmene azidzachitira zinthu akadzakhala wangwiro.” Ngati timayamikira chikondi chimene Mulungu amatisonyeza timatha kukhululukira abale ndi alongo athu n’kumayembekezera nthawi imene tonse tidzakhale angwiro.
19. Kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timayamikira mphatso yaikulu imene Mulungu anatipatsa?
19 Taona kuti Yehova anatipatsadi mphatso yamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndipo tiyenera kuiyamikira nthawi zonse. Choncho pa nthawi ya Chikumbutso tiyeni tiziganizira ndiponso kuyamikira kwambiri zonse zimene Yehova ndi Yesu anatichitira. Tizisonyezanso kuti timayamikira chikondi chimenechi poyesetsa kukonda abale athu ndiponso kuwakhululukira ndi mtima wonse.
[1] (ndime 18) Mayina ena m’nkhaniyi asinthidwa.


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Kodi Adrafinil malamulo kugula, ali ndi ntchito kumene mukukhala? Adrafinil falls under the Eugeroics stimulants class – a term that comes from the Greek words that mean “Good Arousal”. Iwo moona anafotokoza mmene eugeroics 'kwambiri thupi chapakati mantha dongosolo. Izi gulu la mankhwala akhoza aziyankha tcheru popanda ambiri osafunika mavuto anawona ndi ofanana stimulant mankhwala. The wosuta zambiri kuwona kuchepa mu kulefuka komanso kutopa. Dinani apa kugula Adrafinil Intaneti.
Dziko Latsopano
Kodi Adrafinil Milandu?
Ambiri m'mayiko, ndi malamulo ali ndi ntchito Adrafinil popanda dokotala wa mankhwala, which makes it such a worthwhile popular choice compare to similar drugs of its type – Armodafinil and Modafinil.
Adrafinil is used in many European countries in the treatment for narcolepsy, kuthandiza nightshift antchito ndi chitetezo okalamba a maganizo tcheru. Pali mavuto kugwirizana ndi mankhwala monga kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi michere zimatiyika. A chipatala akatswiri ayenera kuwunika awa wambiri ngati yaitali ntchito chomuganizira.
Adrafinil ntchito ngati modekha stimulant thupi chapakati mantha dongosolo, kulola yosavuta kumva maso ndi maso popanda polera magazi kapena kugunda kwa mtima. Ena Intaneti aona pang'ono kuwonjezeka kuchiza. Pamene ambiri owerenga alibe lipoti tulo mavuto ndi mankhwala, ndi bwino kuti watenga pamaso masana tsiku lililonse. Werengani Dzina Reviews wa Adrafinil kuno.
Adrafinil Development
Lafon, ndi French mankhwala kampani, created the experimental drug Adrafinil to treat narcolepsy. Adrafinil, amene ngati ovomereza mankhwala, Pamafunika ziri ola limodzi kuti kukhala Modafinil. Uku ndi nthawi kuti owerenga kupeza zotsatira.
Lafon continued to work on improving the drug and was able to create Modafinil from it. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndi labu anasiya kupanga Adrafinil, koma ena opanga padziko lonse anatola ndipo anayamba kufalitsa izo. Choncho, Adrafinil angathe panopa zimapezeka pa Intaneti ndi malamulo chifukwa kugula m'mayiko ambiri popanda kufunika mankhwala. M'mayiko ena, dokotala wa mankhwala n'kofunika kugula mankhwala.
Those who suffer with narcolepsy or other sleep problems often use Adrafinil to help them with their condition. Anthu amene angapindule ndi mankhwala amene ntchito usiku maola kapena kwa anthu amene ntchito kumene kukhala maso kwa nthawi yaitali.
USA okhudza Adrafinil
Adrafinil akhoza mwalamulo kukopedwa, wogwidwa ndi ntchito United States. The U.S. Chakudya ndi mankhwala Administration panopa mulibe lamulo pa izo chifukwa izo asanaponyedwe anagonjera kwa Mulungu akuyanjeni ntchito.
The U.S. Mankhwala Kupatsila Agency komanso alibe ulamuliro Adrafinil chifukwa sali ngati ankalamulira thunthu. Monga yaima, palibe lamulo dokotala wa mankhwala kuti kuti Nagula. Choncho, citizens of the country are free to buy it domestically or internationally. Onani wathu wonse kalozera pa njira yabwino kutenga Adrafinil.
Pali imvi m'dera mu United States pankhani Adrafinil ndi ena omwe si ka zinthu FDA. Iwo ayenera kupambana ukhondo amafuna koma ndilibe FDA akusangalala kuti mankhwala ena ndi zinthu ndi. Choncho, inu kuziwona izo akugulitsa thanzi zowonjezera mavitamini chigawo komabe kukhala mwalamulo Nagula.
United Kingdom a Legality Ponena Adrafinil
The United Kingdom si zonse Adrafinil komanso zimathandiza kuti chuma ndi ntchito Adrafinil motalika monga munthu aliyense imatulutsa.
Canada a Legality Ponena Adrafinil
Adrafinil amaonedwa monga unregulated mankhwala Candad. Nzika akhoza kugula zofunika yaing'ono Mlingo wa mankhwala ndipo zikhoza kugulidwa m'dziko kufufuza zolinga.
Australia a Legality Ponena Adrafinil
Australia amafuna mankhwala kulembedwa kwa Adrafinil pamaso izo zikhoza kugulidwa ndi ntchito. Komabe, mungadzibaye ankaitanitsa ngati inu ku mayiko ena kapena nazo anatumiza padziko lonse lapansi.
Adrafinil: Kodi Malamulo kugula Ntchito?
Adrafinil, wamphamvu nootropic wothandizila, angapereke wosuta kukhala onse kuzindikira ndi tcheru popanda mavuto amene nthaŵi zambiri amabwera stimulants ngati mantha ndi nkhawa. Adrafinil is often used for other purposes like increasing productivity and energy levels. Sikuyenera watengedwa ndi anthu amene ali ndi chiwindi kapena impso vuto kapena amapezeka ndi khunyu. Amayi apakati ndi anthu amene ntchito odana ndi psychotic mankhwala ayenera kupewa ntchito Adrafinil. Dokotala ayenera penyani wanu chiwindi michere ngati mukufuna pa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali nyengo.
Tingawonenso mwalamulo anagula mu U.S. Canada ndi U.K. Malamulo Australia kulamula mankhwala zinalembedwa kuti izo kukopedwa. Mayiko ena nawonso amafuna mankhwala pamaso odwala amaloledwa kugula ang'onoang'ono zedi.
The World la Anti-Doping Agency zinaphatikizapo mankhwala ake mndandanda wa yoletsedwa zinthu masewera mpikisano. Choncho, mpikisanowo kudziwa zimenezi udindo pamaso ntchito. Bear in mind that the rules and regulations of Adrafinil changes constantly. Izo analangizidwa kuti funsani m'dziko lanu la malamulo bungwe kudziwa mankhwala a legality.


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Kamera mapulogalamu thandizo Android kumapangitsanso khalidwe zithunzi anatengedwa ndi izo. Kamera mapulogalamu zabwino Android 2017 are those which are developed to get the best picture quality as compared to default camera app. dziko litsata anzeru ndi mafoni ku Sony, Samsung, HTC, Microsoft ndi zimene, not every hand […]
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Top Free kufufuza mapulogalamu 2017 Kodi akulimbana ndi wanu kufufuza? Musati nthawi younikira kufufuza malonda anu? Ngati inde, ndiye muyenera kufufuza bwino ufulu kufufuza mapulogalamu. The easy user interface of such inventory programs helps you to manage inventory yourself at your PC without hiring another paid hand. Motero, it […]
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Kodi Chotsani adware – Best adware Posachedwapa Zida List wa bwino adware kuchotsa chida anu PC. Mwatopa kawirikawiri malonda zayamba mmwamba mobwerezabwereza kompyuta? Kodi unclosable mawindo kukupatsa kukhumudwa? Ngati inde, ndiye PC akhoze ndi matenda yaumbanda amatchedwa "adware". This malicious virus track […]
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NSANJA YA MLONDA No. 1 2016 | N’zotheka Kumvetsetsa Baibulo
Kodi munadzifunsapo kuti, ‘N’cifukwa ciani Baibulo ndi lovuta kumvetsetsa?’
NKHANI YA PACIKUTO
Why Understand the Bible?
Many respect this sacred book without realizing how it can benefit them.
NKHANI YA PACIKUTO
Buku Losavuta Kumvetsetsa
Mfundo zinai zimene zionetsa kuti anthu amitundu yonse akhoza kumvetsetsa Baibulo.
NKHANI YA PACIKUTO
Pemphani Thandizo Kuti Mumvetsetse Baibulo
Ngati n’zotheka kumvetsetsa Baibulo, n’cifukwa ciani mufunika thandizo kuti mulimvetsetse?
Cinyengo, Kodi Cidzatha?
Kodi anthu onyenga akuthandizani kusiya zandale, cipembedzo, kapena zamalonda?
Kodi Mudziŵa
Kodi Ayuda amene anapezeka pa Pentekosite mu 33 C.E. anacokeladi “mu mtundu uliwonse mwa mitundu ya pansi pa thambo”? Kodi anthu masauzande ambili amene anali kubwela ku Yerusalemu kudzacita zikondwelelo zaciyuda anali kugona kuti?
TENGELANI CIKHULUPILILO CAWO
“Mwana Wanga Wokondedwa ndi Wokhulupilika mwa Ambuye”
N’ciani cinathandiza Timoteyo wacinyamata amene anali wamanyazi kuti akhale woyang’anila wabwino wacikristu?
Kuyankha Mafunso a m’Baibulo
Ngati akufa adzaukitsidwa, kodi adzakhala kuti?