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Joe Biden
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (wobadwa Novembala 20, 1942) ndi wandale waku America yemwe ndi wa 46 komanso Purezidenti wapano waku United States. Membala wa Democratic Party, adakhalapo ngati wachiwiri kwa 47th kuyambira 2009 mpaka 2017 motsogozedwa ndi Purezidenti Barack Obama ndikuyimira Delaware ku Senate ya United States kuyambira 1973 mpaka 2009.
Biden adabadwira ndikukulira ku Scranton, Pennsylvania, ndipo adasamuka ndi banja lake kupita ku Delaware mu 1953 ali ndi zaka khumi. Anaphunzira ku yunivesite ya Delaware asanalandire digiri ya zamalamulo kuchokera ku yunivesite ya Syracuse. Adasankhidwa kukhala mu New Castle County Council mu 1970 ndipo adakhala senema wachisanu ndi chimodzi wochepera m'mbiri ya US atasankhidwa kukhala Senate ya United States kuchokera ku Delaware mu 1972, ali ndi zaka 29. Biden anali wapampando kapena membala wa Senate Foreign Komiti ya Ubale kwa zaka 12. Anatsogoleranso Komiti Yoweruza ya Senate kuyambira 1987 mpaka 1995; adatsogolera zoyesayesa zokhazikitsa lamulo la Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act ndi Violence Against Women Act; ndipo adayang'anira milandu isanu ndi umodzi ya Khothi Lalikulu la United States, kuphatikizapo milandu yotsutsana ya Robert Bork ndi Clarence Thomas.
A Biden adapikisana nawo mosapambana pa chisankho chapulezidenti wa Democratic mu 1988 ndi 2008. Anali senator wamkulu wachinayi pomwe adakhala wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Obama atapambana zisankho zapurezidenti mu 2008. Obama ndi Biden adasankhidwanso mu 2012. M'magawo ake awiri ngati wachiwiri kwa purezidenti, a Biden adatsamira zomwe adakumana nazo ku Senate ndipo nthawi zambiri amayimira akuluakulu aboma pazokambirana ndi ma Republican a Congress. Anayang'aniranso ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito zomangamanga mu 2009 kuti athane ndi Kuwonongeka Kwakukulu. Pazandale, a Biden anali mlangizi wapamtima wa Purezidenti Obama ndipo adatsogolera pakukonza zochotsa asitikali aku US ku Iraq mu 2011.
Biden ndi mnzake, Kamala Harris, adagonjetsa Donald Trump pachisankho cha 2020. Atakhazikitsidwa, adakhala purezidenti wakale kwambiri m'mbiri ya U.S. komanso woyamba kukhala ndi wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamkazi. Biden adasaina lamulo la American Rescue Plan Act kuthandiza US kuchira ku mliri wa COVID-19 komanso kugwa kwachuma. Anapereka lingaliro la American Jobs Plan, zomwe zinaphatikizidwa mu bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Anapereka lingaliro la American Families Plan, lomwe lidaphatikizidwa ndi zina za American Jobs Plan mu Build Back Better Act. Pambuyo potsutsidwa ndi Nyumba Yamalamulo, kukula kwa Build Back Better Act kudachepetsedwa ndipo idasinthidwanso mwatsatanetsatane mu Inflation Reduction Act ya 2022, yokhudzana ndi kuchepetsa kuchepa, kusintha kwanyengo, chisamaliro chaumoyo, komanso kusintha kwamisonkho. Biden adasankha Ketanji Brown Jackson kukhala Khothi Lalikulu. Mu mfundo zakunja, adabwezeretsanso US ku Pangano la Paris pakusintha kwanyengo. Anamaliza kuchotsa asitikali aku US ku Afghanistan, pomwe boma la Afghanistan lidagwa ndipo a Taliban adalanda ulamuliro. Adayankha pakuwukira kwa Russia ku Ukraine mu 2022 poika zilango ku Russia ndikuloleza thandizo lakunja ndi zida zotumizira ku Ukraine.
Moyo woyamba (1942-1965)
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. anabadwa pa November 20, 1942, ku St. Mary's Hospital ku Scranton, Pennsylvania, kwa Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Biden (née Finnegan) ndi Joseph Robinette Biden Sr. 4] Mwana wamkulu m'banja lachikatolika, ali ndi mlongo wake, Valerie, ndi azichimwene ake awiri, Francis ndi James. Jean anali wochokera ku Ireland, pomwe a Joseph Sr. anali ndi makolo achingerezi, achi Irish, ndi achi French Huguenot. Mzere wa abambo a Biden adachokera kwa womanga miyala William Biden, yemwe adabadwa mu 1789 ku Westborne, England, ndipo adasamukira ku Maryland ku United States pofika 1820.
Abambo ake a Biden anali olemera ndipo banjali lidagula nyumba mdera la anthu olemera la Long Island ku Garden City kumapeto kwa 1946, koma adakumana ndi zovuta zamabizinesi pomwe Biden anali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo kwa zaka zingapo banjali limakhala ndi agogo a amayi a Biden ku Scranton. Scranton idalowa m'mavuto azachuma m'ma 1950s ndipo abambo a Biden sanapeze ntchito yokhazikika. Kuyambira mu 1953 pamene Biden anali ndi zaka khumi, banjalo linkakhala m'nyumba ku Claymont, Delaware, asanasamuke ku nyumba ku Mayfield. Pambuyo pake a Biden Sr. adakhala wogulitsa bwino magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikusunga banja m'moyo wapakati.
Ku Archmere Academy ku Claymont, Biden adasewera baseball ndipo anali wodziwika bwino kwambiri komanso wolandila kwambiri pagulu la mpira wamiyendo ya sekondale. Ngakhale anali wophunzira wosauka, anali pulezidenti wa kalasi muzaka zake zazing'ono ndi zazikulu. Anamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1961. Ku Yunivesite ya Delaware ku Newark, Biden adasewera mpira watsopano, ndipo, monga wophunzira wodabwitsa, adapeza digiri ya Bachelor of Arts ku 1965 yokhala ndi mbiri yayikulu.
Biden ali ndi chibwibwi, chomwe chakhala bwino kuyambira ali ndi zaka makumi awiri. Akuti adazichepetsa pobwereza ndakatulo pagalasi, koma owonera ena adanenanso kuti zidakhudza momwe amagwirira ntchito pamakangano apulezidenti wa 2020 Democratic Party.
Maukwati, sukulu yamalamulo, ndi ntchito yoyambirira (1966-1973)
Nkhani yayikulu: Ntchito yoyambirira ya Joe Biden
Onaninso: Banja la Joe Biden
Pa Ogasiti 27, 1966, a Biden adakwatirana ndi Neilia Hunter (1942-1972), wophunzira ku Syracuse University, atagonjetsa kukana kwa makolo ake kuti akwatire Mroma Katolika. Ukwati wawo unachitikira m’tchalitchi cha Katolika ku Skaneateles, New York. Anali ndi ana atatu: Joseph R. "Beau" Biden III (1969-2015), Robert Hunter Biden (wobadwa 1970), ndi Naomi Christina "Amy" Biden (1971-1972).
Mu 1968, Biden adapeza Dotolo wa Juris ku Syracuse University College of Law, yemwe adakhala pa nambala 76 m'kalasi yake ya 85, atalephera maphunziro chifukwa cha "kulakwitsa" komwe adavomereza pomwe adalemba nkhani yowunikira malamulo papepala lomwe adalemba mchaka chake choyamba. kusukulu ya zamalamulo. Adavomerezedwa ku bar ya Delaware mu 1969.
Biden sanachirikize kapena kutsutsa poyera nkhondo ya Vietnam mpaka adathamangira ku Senate ndikutsutsa zomwe Nixon amachita pankhondoyo. Pomwe amaphunzira ku Yunivesite ya Delaware ndi Syracuse University, Biden adapeza ophunzira asanu omwe adalembetsa, panthawi yomwe osankhidwa ambiri adatumizidwa kunkhondo ya Vietnam. Mu 1968, potengera kuyezetsa kwa thupi, adapatsidwa kuchotsedwa kwamankhwala kovomerezeka; mu 2008, wolankhulira a Biden adati kukhala ndi "mpumu ali wachinyamata" ndizomwe zidamulepheretsa.
Mu 1968, Biden adagwira ntchito ku kampani yazamalamulo ya Wilmington motsogozedwa ndi William Prickett wodziwika bwino waku Republican ndipo, pambuyo pake adati, "ndimadziona ngati waku Republican". Sanakonde wolamulira wa Democratic Delaware yemwe anali bwanamkubwa Charles L. Terry ndi ndale zotsatizana ndi tsankho ndipo anathandizira wa Republican womasuka kwambiri, Russell W. Peterson, yemwe anagonjetsa Terry mu 1968. A Biden adalembetsedwa ndi aku Republican akomweko koma adalembetsedwa ngati Wodziyimira pawokha chifukwa chosadana ndi woyimira pulezidenti waku Republican Richard Nixon.
Mu 1969, a Biden adachita zamalamulo, poyamba ngati woteteza anthu ndipo kenako pakampani yotsogozedwa ndi wa Democrat wokhazikika komweko yemwe adamutcha ku Democratic Forum, gulu lomwe likuyesera kusintha ndikutsitsimutsa chipani cha boma; Pambuyo pake a Biden adalembetsanso kukhala Democrat. Iye ndi loya wina anapanganso kampani ya zamalamulo. Komabe, malamulo akampani sanamusangalatse, ndipo malamulo ophwanya malamulo sanapereke bwino.Anawonjezera ndalama zake poyang'anira katundu.
Mu 1970, a Biden adathamangira mpando wachigawo cha 4 pa New Castle County Council pabwalo laufulu lomwe limaphatikizapo kuthandizira nyumba za anthu m'matawuni. Mpandowo udachitikira ndi Republican Henry R. Folsom, yemwe anali kuthamanga mu 5th District kutsatira kugawidwanso kwa zigawo za khonsolo.Biden adapambana zisankho zazikulu pogonjetsa Lawrence T. Messick waku Republican, ndipo adatenga udindo pa Januware 5, 1971. Adagwira ntchito mpaka Januware 1, 1973, ndipo adalowa m'malo ndi Democrat Francis R. Swift. Munthawi yake pa khonsolo ya boma, a Biden adatsutsa ntchito zazikulu zamisewu yayikulu, zomwe adati zitha kusokoneza madera a Wilmington.
Nkhani yayikulu: Chisankho cha Senate ya 1972 ku United States ku Delaware
Mu 1972, a Biden adagonjetsa mtsogoleri waku Republican a J. Caleb Boggs kuti akhale senate wamkulu waku US kuchokera ku Delaware. Iye anali Democrat yekhayo amene anali wokonzeka kutsutsa a Boggs, ndipo ndi ndalama zochepa za kampeni, sanapatsidwe mwayi wopambana. Achibale anakwanitsa ndi ogwira ntchito ndawala, amene anadalira kukumana ovota maso ndi maso ndi manja kugawira udindo mapepala, njira anapangidwa zotheka ndi Delaware aang'ono kukula. Analandira thandizo kuchokera ku AFL-CIO komanso wofufuza za Democratic Patrick Caddell. Pulatifomu yake imayang'ana kwambiri za chilengedwe, kuchoka ku Vietnam, ufulu wachibadwidwe, mayendedwe ambiri, misonkho yofanana, chisamaliro chaumoyo, komanso kusakhutira ndi "ndale monga mwanthawi zonse". Miyezi ingapo chisankho chisanachitike, a Biden adatsata a Boggs ndi pafupifupi maperesenti makumi atatu, koma mphamvu zake, banja laling'ono lowoneka bwino, komanso kuthekera kolumikizana ndi malingaliro a ovota zidamupindulitsa ndipo adapambana ndi 50.5 peresenti ya ovota. voti. Pa nthawi ya chisankho chake, anali ndi zaka 29, koma anafika zaka 30 zomwe malamulo amafunikira asanalumbiridwe kukhala Senator.
Imfa ya mkazi ndi mwana wamkazi
Pa Disembala 18, 1972, patatha milungu ingapo Biden atasankhidwa kukhala senator, mkazi wake Neilia ndi mwana wamkazi wazaka chimodzi Naomi adaphedwa pa ngozi yagalimoto pomwe amagula Khrisimasi ku Hockessin, Delaware. Sitima yapamtunda ya Neilia idagundidwa ndi lole ya semi-trailer pomwe amatuluka pamzerewu.
Ukwati wachiwiri
Biden adakumana ndi mphunzitsi Jill Tracy Jacobs mu 1975 pa tsiku lakhungu. Anakwatirana ku Chapel ya United Nations ku New York pa June 17, 1977. Iwo adakhala paukwati wawo ku Lake Balaton ku Hungarian People's Republic. Biden amamuyamikira chifukwa choyambiranso kukonda ndale komanso moyo. Iwo ndi Akatolika ndipo amapita ku Misa ku St. Joseph's pa Brandywine ku Greenville, Delaware. Mwana wawo wamkazi Ashley Biden (wobadwa 1981) ndi wothandiza anthu. Iye anakwatiwa ndi dokotala Howard Krein. Beau Biden adakhala Woweruza Wankhondo ku Iraq ndipo pambuyo pake Delaware Attorney General asanamwalire ndi khansa ya muubongo mu 2015. Hunter Biden ndi wothandizira ku Washington komanso mlangizi wazachuma.
Kuphunzitsa
Kuyambira 1991 mpaka 2008, monga pulofesa wothandizira, a Biden adaphunzitsanso semina yokhudzana ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko lino ku Widener University School of Law. Nthawi zambiri seminayi inali ndi mndandanda wodikira. Nthawi zina a Biden ankawuluka kuchokera kutsidya lina kukaphunzitsa kalasi.
Senate ya US (1973-2009)
Nkhani yayikulu: Ntchito ya Senate yaku US ya Joe Biden
Mu Januwale 1973, mlembi wa Senate Francis R. Valeo analumbirira Biden ku Delaware Division ya Wilmington Medical Center. Analipo ana ake aamuna a Beau (omwe mwendo wake udalipobe chifukwa cha ngozi yagalimoto) ndi Hunter ndi achibale ena. Ali ndi zaka 30, anali senator wachisanu ndi chimodzi wochepera kwambiri m'mbiri ya U.S..
Kuwona ana ake aamuna, Biden adayenda pa sitima yapamtunda pakati pa nyumba yake ya Delaware ndi D.C.
M'zaka zake zoyambirira ku Nyumba ya Senate, Biden adangoyang'ana kwambiri zachitetezo cha ogula komanso zovuta zachilengedwe ndipo adapempha kuti boma liziyankha mokulirapo. Mu kuyankhulana kwa 1974, adadzifotokozera kuti anali womasuka pa ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi ufulu, nkhawa za anthu akuluakulu ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo koma wosamala pazinthu zina, kuphatikizapo kuchotsa mimba ndi kulowa usilikali.
M'zaka zake khumi zoyambirira ku Senate, a Biden adangoyang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera zida. Congress italephera kuvomereza Pangano la SALT II lomwe linasainidwa mu 1979 ndi mlembi wamkulu wa Soviet Leonid Brezhnev ndi Purezidenti Jimmy Carter, a Biden adakumana ndi Nduna Yowona Zakunja ku Soviet Andrei Gromyko kuti alankhule nkhawa zaku America ndikupeza zosintha zomwe zidakhudza zomwe Komiti ya Senate Yachilendo Yachilendo idatsutsa. Pamene akuluakulu a Reagan ankafuna kutanthauzira pangano la 1972 SALT I momasuka kuti alole chitukuko cha Strategic Defense Initiative, a Biden adatsutsa kuti panganoli litsatidwe kwambiri. Analandira chidwi chachikulu pamene adakondwera ndi Mlembi wa boma George Shultz pamsonkhano wa Senate kuti athandizidwe ndi bungwe la Reagan ku South Africa ngakhale kuti akupitirizabe kutsatira ndondomeko ya tsankho.
Biden adakhala membala wocheperako wa Senate Judiciary Committee mu 1981. Omutsatira anamuyamikira chifukwa chosintha zina mwa malamulo oipa kwambiri, ndipo chinali chinthu chofunika kwambiri chimene anachita pamalamulo mpaka nthawi imeneyo. Mu 1994, a Biden adathandizira kupititsa lamulo la Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti Biden Crime Law, lomwe limaphatikizapo kuletsa zida zomenya, ndi Violence Against Women Act, yomwe adachita. adatcha lamulo lake lofunika kwambiri. Lamulo laupandu la 1994 silinali lodziwika pakati pa omwe akupita patsogolo ndipo adadzudzulidwa chifukwa chotsekeredwa m'ndende; mu 2019, a Biden adatcha gawo lake popereka lamuloli "kulakwitsa kwakukulu", kutchula mfundo zake pa crack cocaine ndikuti biluyo. "anatsekera m'badwo wonse".
Mu 1993, a Biden adavotera gawo lomwe likuwona kuti kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sikukugwirizana ndi moyo wankhondo, motero amaletsa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kugwira ntchito zankhondo. Mu 1996, adavotera lamulo la Defense of Marriage Act, lomwe limaletsa boma kuti livomereze maukwati a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, potero amaletsa anthu omwe ali m'mabanja otere kuti asatetezedwe mofanana ndi malamulo a federal ndikulola mayiko kuchita chimodzimodzi. Mu 2015, mchitidwewu unagamulidwa kuti ndi wosemphana ndi malamulo pa mlandu wa Obergefell v. Hodges.
Kutsutsana ndi basi
M'kati mwa zaka za m'ma 1970, Biden anali m'modzi mwa otsutsa kwambiri a Senate pamabasi ophatikiza mitundu. Anthu ake a ku Delaware anatsutsa kwambiri izi, ndipo kutsutsa kotereku dziko lonse pambuyo pake kunachititsa kuti chipani chake chisiye kwambiri mfundo zophatikizira sukulu.[ Mu kampeni yake yoyamba ya Senate, a Biden adawonetsa kuthandizira mabasi kuti athetse tsankho, monga kumwera, koma adatsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuthetsa tsankho lobwera chifukwa cha mitundu ya anthu okhala moyandikana, monga ku Delaware; anatsutsa zosintha malamulo oletsa mabasi kotheratu.
Mu Meyi 1974, a Biden adavota kuti apereke lingaliro lomwe linali ndi ziganizo zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabasiketi komanso zotsutsana ndi kusagwirizana koma pambuyo pake adavotera mtundu wosinthidwa womwe uli ndi ziyeneretso zomwe sizinali cholinga chofooketsa mphamvu za oweruza kuti akhazikitse 5th Amendment ndi 14th Amendment.] Mu 1975, iye anachirikiza lingaliro limene likadalepheretsa Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo, Maphunziro, ndi Ufulu kuti asadule ndalama za federal ku zigawo zomwe zinakana kuphatikizira; nzeru” ndi kuti kutsutsa kwake kukanapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kwa aufulu ena kutsatira zomwezo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo anathandizira zoyesayesa zokhuza nyumba, mwayi wa ntchito ndi ufulu wovota. Biden adathandizira gawo lina [liti?] loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za federal kunyamula ophunzira kupita kusukulu yomwe ili pafupi nawo. Mu 1977, adathandizira kusinthako komwe kutsekereza zopinga zomwe Purezidenti Carter adasaina kukhala lamulo mu 1978.
Maopaleshoni aubongo
Mu February 1988, pambuyo pa magawo angapo a ululu wa m'khosi, a Biden adatengedwa ndi ambulansi kupita ku Walter Reed Army Medical Center kuti akachite opareshoni kuti akonze kutha kwa mabulosi am'magazi. Pamene anali kuchira, anadwala pulmonary embolism, vuto lalikulu. Aneurysm yachiwiri itakonzedwanso mu Meyi, kuchira kwa Biden kunamupangitsa kuti asachoke ku Senate kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri.
Komiti ya Senate Judiciary
Biden anali membala wakale wa Senate Committee on Judiciary. Adakhala wapampando kuyambira 1987 mpaka 1995 ndipo anali membala wocheperako kuyambira 1981 mpaka 1987 komanso kuyambira 1995 mpaka 1997.
Monga wapampando, a Biden adatsogolera milandu iwiri yotsutsana kwambiri ndi Khothi Lalikulu ku US. Robert Bork atasankhidwa mu 1988, a Biden adasinthiratu kuvomera - komwe adapereka poyankhulana chaka chatha - pakusankhidwa kwa Bork. Conservatives adakwiya, koma pamilandu yomwe ili pafupi ndi Biden adayamikiridwa chifukwa chachilungamo, nthabwala, komanso kulimba mtima kwake. Pokana zotsutsana za otsutsa ena a Bork, Biden adayika zotsutsa zake ku Bork malinga ndi mkangano womwe ulipo pakati pa zomwe Bork anali nazo komanso lingaliro lakuti Constitution ya US imapereka ufulu waufulu ndi zinsinsi kuposa zomwe zalembedwa m'mawu ake. Kusankhidwa kwa Bork kunakanidwa mu komiti ndi mavoti 9-5 ndiyeno mu Senate yonse, 58-42.
Pamisonkhano yosankhidwa ndi a Clarence Thomas mu 1991, mafunso a Biden pankhani zamalamulo nthawi zambiri amasokonekera mpaka Thomas nthawi zina amawasowa, ndipo Thomas pambuyo pake adalemba kuti mafunso a Biden anali ofanana ndi "mipira ya nyemba". Msonkhano wa komitiyo utatsekedwa, anthu adamva kuti Anita Hill, pulofesa wa pa yunivesite ya Oklahoma pasukulu ya zamalamulo, adadzudzula Thomas chifukwa cholankhula zosagwirizana ndi kugonana pamene adagwira ntchito limodzi. Biden adadziwa zina mwa milanduyi, koma poyambirira adangogawana ndi komitiyi chifukwa Hill panthawiyo sanafune kuchitira umboni. Mlandu wa komitiyo udatsegulidwanso ndipo Hill adachitira umboni, koma a Biden sanalole umboni wa mboni zina, monga mayi yemwe adaimbanso milandu yofananira ndi akatswiri ozunza, ponena kuti akufuna kusunga zinsinsi za a Thomas komanso ulemu wawo. Senate yathunthu idatsimikizira a Thomas ndi mavoti 52-48, pomwe a Biden adatsutsa. Oyimira zamalamulo omasuka komanso magulu azimai adamva kwambiri kuti a Biden sanayendetse bwino milanduyo ndipo sanachite mokwanira kuthandizira Hill. Pambuyo pake a Biden adafunafuna amayi kuti azigwira ntchito mu Komiti Yoweruza ndipo adagogomezera nkhani za amayi pazotsatira zamalamulo za komitiyi. Mu 2019, adauza Hill kuti adanong'oneza bondo chifukwa cha zomwe adamuchitira, koma Hill adati pambuyo pake sanakhutire.
Biden adadzudzula Phungu Wodziyimira pawokha Ken Starr panthawi ya mkangano wa Whitewater wa m'ma 1990 komanso kafukufuku wamwano a Lewinsky, ponena kuti "kudzakhala tsiku lozizira ku gehena" uphungu wina wodziyimira payekha asanapatsidwe mphamvu zofanana. Iye adavota kuti akhululukidwe pa nthawi ya kutsutsidwa.
Senate Foreign Relations Committee
Senator Biden amatsagana ndi Purezidenti Clinton ndi akuluakulu ena ku Bosnia ndi Herzegovina, Disembala 1997
Biden anali membala wakale wa Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Adakhala membala wawo ochepa mu 1997 ndipo adayitsogolera kuyambira June 2001 mpaka 2003 ndi 2007 mpaka 2009. Maudindo ake nthawi zambiri anali okonda mayiko ena. Anagwirizana bwino ndi aku Republican ndipo nthawi zina amatsutsana ndi zipani zake. Panthawiyi anakumana ndi atsogoleri osachepera 150 ochokera m'mayiko 60 ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse, kukhala mawu odziwika bwino a demokalase pa mfundo zakunja.
Biden adavotera motsutsana ndi chilolezo cha Gulf War mu 1991, akugwirizana ndi 45 mwa maseneta 55 a Democratic; iye anati dziko la U.S. linali kusenza pafupifupi zolemetsa zonse mumgwirizano wotsutsana ndi Iraq.
A Biden adachita chidwi ndi Nkhondo za Yugoslavia atamva za nkhanza zaku Serbia pa Nkhondo Yodziyimira pawokha yaku Croatia mu 1991. Nkhondo ya ku Bosnia itayambika, a Biden anali m'gulu la oyamba kuyitanitsa lamulo loti "kwezani ndikumenyeni" kuchotsa zida zankhondo, kuphunzitsa Asilamu aku Bosnia ndikuwathandizira ndi kuwukira kwa ndege ku NATO, ndikufufuza milandu yankhondo. Oyang'anira a George H. W. Bush ndi a Clinton onse sanafune kutsatira mfundoyi, kuopa kulowerera ku Balkan. Mu Epulo 1993, a Biden adakhala sabata ku Balkan ndipo adachita msonkhano wovuta wa maola atatu ndi mtsogoleri waku Serbia Slobodan Milošević. Biden adati adauza Milošević, "Ndikuganiza kuti ndiwe chigawenga chachikulu ndipo uyenera kuzengedwa mlandu."
Biden adalemba zosintha mu 1992 kuti akakamize olamulira a Bush kuti athandize Asilamu aku Bosnia, koma adayimitsa mu 1994 kuti asinthe pang'ono pomwe olamulira a Clinton adakonda, asadasaine chaka chotsatira kuti achitepo kanthu mwamphamvu mothandizidwa ndi a Bob Dole ndi a Joe Lieberman. 139] Kutenganaku kudapangitsa kuti NATO igwire bwino ntchito yosunga mtendere. A Biden adatcha gawo lake pakusintha mfundo za ku Balkans chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990 "nthawi yake yodzikuza kwambiri pa moyo wapagulu" yokhudzana ndi mfundo zakunja.
Monga wapampando, a Biden adathandizira kulimbikitsa akuluakulu a Clinton kuti apereke chuma ndi likulu la ndale kuti athandize zomwe zidakhala Pangano Lachisanu Labwino la 1998 pakati pa maboma a Ireland ndi United Kingdom kudzera mundondomeko yamtendere yaku Northern Ireland.
Pa Seputembara 3, 1998, woyang'anira zida za UN yemwe adasiya ntchito a Scott Ritter, malinga ndi Barton Gellman, adadzudzula bungwe la Clinton kuti laletsa kuyendera zida ku Iraq. A Biden adalumikizana ndi ena ambiri a Senate Democrats ndipo "adakulitsa kuukira kwa oyang'anira Clinton motsutsana ndi yemwe anali woyang'anira zida za UN a Scott Ritter." Adafunsa ngati a Ritter akuyesera "kuyenerera mphamvu" yosankha nthawi yoti ayambitse gulu lankhondo ku Iraq", ndipo adati Mlembi wa boma akuyeneranso kuganizira malingaliro a ogwirizana, UNSC, ndi malingaliro a anthu. , asanayambe kuchitapo kanthu ku Iraq. Mu Washington Post op-ed kumapeto kwa mwezi womwewo, a Biden adadzudzula "ndondomeko yolimbana" koma adayamika lingaliro lofunsa ngati kulowererapo kungakhale kofunikira nthawi ina, ngakhale adati "zinali pamwamba pa malipiro" a zida chimodzi. woyang'anira.
Mu 1999, pankhondo ya Kosovo, a Biden adathandizira kuphulitsa kwa bomba kwa NATO ku FR Yugoslavia mu 1999. Iye ndi Senator John McCain adathandizira nawo McCain-Biden Kosovo Resolution, yomwe idapempha Clinton kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu zonse zofunika, kuphatikiza asitikali apansi panthaka, kulimbana ndi Milošević pakuchitapo kanthu kwa Yugoslavia motsutsana ndi mafuko aku Albania ku Kosovo.
Nkhondo ku Afghanistan ndi Iraq
Nkhani yaikulu: Nkhondo yolimbana ndi zigawenga
Biden anali wochirikiza kwambiri Nkhondo ku Afghanistan, nati, "Chilichonse chomwe chingatenge, tiyenera kuchita."Monga mkulu wa Komiti ya Senate Foreign Relations Committee, adanena mu 2002 kuti pulezidenti wa Iraq Saddam Hussein anali woopseza dziko. chitetezo ndipo panalibe njira ina koma "kuthetsa" chiwopsezo chimenecho. Mu Okutobala 2002, adavota mokomera Chilolezo cha Kugwiritsa Ntchito Gulu Lankhondo Lolimbana ndi Iraq, kuvomereza Kuukira kwa U.S. ku Iraq. Monga wapampando wa komitiyi, adasonkhanitsa mboni zingapo kuti zipereke umboni mokomera chilolezocho. Iwo anapereka umboni wotsutsa kwambiri cholinga, mbiri yakale, ndi udindo wa Saddam ndi boma lake ladziko, lomwe linali mdani wodziwika wa al-Qaeda, ndikuwonetsa kuti Iraq inali ndi Weapon yopeka.
Pofika kumapeto kwa 2006, malingaliro a Biden adasintha kwambiri. Iye anatsutsa kuchuluka kwa asilikali mu 2007, kunena kuti General David Petraeus anali "wakufa, wolakwa kwambiri" pokhulupirira kuti opaleshoniyo ikhoza kugwira ntchito. M'malo mwake a Biden adalimbikitsa kugawa dziko la Iraq kukhala chitaganya chotayirira cha mayiko atatu. Mu November 2006, a Biden ndi a Leslie H. Gelb, pulezidenti yemwe anatuluka mu Council on Foreign Relations, anatulutsa njira yothetsa ziwawa zamagulu ku Iraq. M'malo mopitiriza njira yomwe ilipo kapena kuchoka, dongosololi linafuna "njira yachitatu": kugwirizanitsa Iraq ndi kupatsa Akurds, Shiites, ndi Sunni "malo opumira" m'madera awo. Mu Seputembala 2007, chigamulo chosamangirira chovomereza dongosololi chidadutsa Senate, koma lingalirolo linali lachilendo, linalibe gawo la ndale, ndipo linalephera kukopa chidwi. Utsogoleri wa ndale ku Iraq udadzudzula chigamulochi ngati kugawa dzikolo, ndipo kazembe wa U.S. ku Baghdad adatulutsa mawu odzipatula kwa iwo. Mu Meyi 2008, a Biden adadzudzula kwambiri zomwe Purezidenti George W. Bush adalankhula ku Knesset ya Israeli pomwe Bush adafanizira ma Democrats ndi atsogoleri aku Western omwe adakondweretsa Hitler nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse isanachitike; Biden adatcha mawuwo "bullshit", "malarkey", ndi "zokwiyitsa". Kenako anapepesa chifukwa cha chinenero chake.
Makampeni a Purezidenti a 1988 ndi 2008
1988 kampeni
Nkhani yayikulu: kampeni ya Purezidenti Joe Biden 1988
Biden adalengeza kuti adzasankhidwa kukhala Purezidenti wa Democratic mu 1988 pa June 9, 1987. Ankaonedwa kuti ndi munthu wolimba mtima chifukwa cha chifaniziro chake chochepa, luso lake loyankhula, udindo wake wapamwamba monga wapampando wa Senate Judiciary Committee pamsonkhano womwe ukubwera wa Robert Bork Supreme Court, komanso apilo yake kwa Baby Boomers; akanakhala wachiwiri-wamng'ono kusankhidwa pulezidenti, pambuyo John F. Kennedy.Adakweza kwambiri kotala yoyamba ya 1987 kuposa wina aliyense.
Pofika mu Ogasiti mauthenga a kampeni yake anali atasokonezeka chifukwa cha mikangano ya ogwira ntchito, ndipo mu Seputembala, adayimbidwa mlandu wolankhulidwa ndi mtsogoleri wa chipani cha British Labor Neil Kinnock. Zolankhula za Biden zinali ndi mizere yofananira yokhala munthu woyamba m'banja lake kupita ku yunivesite. Biden adanenanso kuti Kinnock ndiye adapanga zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu, koma sanatero kawiri kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. amuna awiriwa anakumana mu 1988, kupanga ubwenzi wokhalitsa.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chimenecho adagwiritsanso ntchito ndime zochokera m'mawu a 1967 a Robert F. Kennedy (omwe omuthandizira ake adamuimba mlandu) ndi mawu achidule ochokera ku adilesi yotsegulira ya John F. Kennedy; zaka ziwiri m'mbuyomo adagwiritsa ntchito ndime ya 1976 ya Hubert Humphrey. A Biden adayankha kuti andale nthawi zambiri amabwereka wina ndi mnzake osapereka ngongole, komanso kuti m'modzi mwa omwe amapikisana naye pa chisankhocho, a Jesse Jackson, adamuyitana kuti amuuze kuti iye (Jackson) adagwiritsanso ntchito zomwezo za Humphrey zomwe Biden adagwiritsa ntchito. 21
Patatha masiku angapo, chochitika kusukulu ya zamalamulo pomwe a Biden adajambula mawu kuchokera munkhani ya Fordham Law Review yokhala ndi mawu osakwanira adalengezedwa. Anafunika kubwereza maphunzirowo ndipo anakhoza bwino kwambiri. Pa pempho la a Biden, a Board of Professional Responsibility a Khothi Lalikulu la Delaware adawunikiranso zomwe zinachitikazo ndipo adatsimikiza kuti sanaphwanye malamulo aliwonse.
Biden wanena zambiri zabodza kapena kukokomeza za ubwana wake: kuti adapeza madigiri atatu ku koleji, kuti adapita kusukulu ya zamalamulo pamaphunziro athunthu, kuti adamaliza maphunziro ake apamwamba kwambiri, ndiponso kuti anaguba mu gulu lomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe. Kuchepa kwa nkhani zina zokhuza mpikisano wapurezidenti kudakulitsa zoululira izi ndipo pa Seputembara 23, 1987, a Biden adasiya kuyimira, ponena kuti zidachulukidwa ndi "mthunzi wokokomeza" wa zolakwa zake zakale.
2008 kampeni
Atawona kuthekera kopambana m'mipikisano ingapo yam'mbuyomu, mu Januware 2007, a Biden adalengeza kuti adzayimirira pazisankho za 2008. Panthawi ya kampeni, a Biden adayang'ana kwambiri za Nkhondo yaku Iraq, mbiri yake ngati wapampando wa makomiti akulu a Senate, komanso zomwe adakumana nazo pazandale. Pakati pa chaka cha 2007, a Biden adatsindika ukadaulo wake wamalamulo akunja poyerekeza ndi a Obama. Biden adadziwika chifukwa cha omwe adapanga nawo nthawi ya kampeni; mumkangano umodzi adati za woyimira Republican Rudy Giuliani: "Pali zinthu zitatu zokha zomwe amatchulamo.
A Biden anali ndi vuto lopeza ndalama, amavutika kukokera anthu kumisonkhano yake, ndipo adalephera kukopa chidwi cha omwe anali a Obama ndi Senator Hillary Clinton Sanakwezepo manambala amodzi pamavoti adziko lonse a demokalase. Pampikisano woyamba pa Januware 3, 2008, a Biden adakhala pachisanu pamisonkhano ya ku Iowa, adapeza ocheperako pang'ono peresenti ya nthumwi za boma. Iye anatuluka pa mpikisanowu usiku umenewo
Ngakhale sizinachite bwino, kampeni ya a Biden ya 2008 idakweza kukula kwake pazandale. : 336 Makamaka, zidasintha ubale pakati pa Biden ndi Obama. Ngakhale adatumikira limodzi mu komiti ya Senate Foreign Relations Committee, anali asanakhalepo pafupi: Biden adanyansidwa ndi kukwera kwachangu kwa Obama pazandale, pomwe a Obama amawona a Biden ngati wodekha komanso wokonda.: 28, 337– 338 Atadziwana mchaka cha 2007, Obama adayamikira machitidwe a Biden ndikukopa ovota ogwira ntchito, ndipo a Biden adati adatsimikiza kuti Obama ndiye "mgwirizano weniweni".
2008 kampeni wachiwiri kwa purezidenti
Zolemba zazikulu: kampeni yapurezidenti ya Barack Obama 2008 komanso kusankha kwa wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti wa Democratic Party mu 2008
Biden amalankhula pa Ogasiti 23, 2008, chilengezo cha Purezidenti ku Old State Capitol ku Springfield, Illinois.
A Biden atangotuluka pa mpikisano wapurezidenti, a Obama adamuuza mwachinsinsi kuti akufuna kupeza malo ofunikira a Biden muulamuliro wake. Kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, a Obama ndi a Biden adakumana mobisa kuti akambirane zomwe zingatheke, ndipo adapanga ubale wamphamvu. Pa Ogasiti 22, 2008, a Obama adalengeza kuti Biden adzakhala mnzake wopikisana naye. Nyuzipepala ya New York Times inanena kuti njira imene anasankha ikusonyeza kuti akufuna kudzaza tikitiyo ndi munthu amene ali ndi mfundo za mayiko ena komanso chitetezo cha dziko. Ena adawonetsa chidwi cha Biden kwa ovota apakati komanso abuluu. Biden adasankhidwa kukhala wachiwiri kwa purezidenti pa Ogasiti 27 ndi voti ya mawu pa Msonkhano Wachigawo wa Democratic National ku Denver wa 2008.
Kampeni ya wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa a Biden sanapeze chidwi ndi atolankhani, pomwe atolankhani adapereka nkhani zambiri kwa omwe adasankhidwa ku Republican, Bwanamkubwa waku Alaska Sarah Palin. Motsogozedwa ndi kampeniyi, a Biden adasunga zolankhula zake mosapita m'mbali ndikuyesera kupewa zonena zabodza, monga zomwe ananena za kuyesedwa kwa Obama ndi mayiko akunja atangotenga udindo, zomwe zidakopa chidwi. Mwachinsinsi, zonena za Biden zidakhumudwitsa Obama. "Kodi Biden amalankhula zopusa kangati?" adafunsa. : 411-414, 419 Ogwira ntchito ku kampeni ku Obama adatcha zolakwika za Biden "mabomba a Joe" ndikusunga Biden kuti asadziwe za zokambirana zamalingaliro, zomwe zidakwiyitsa Biden.Ubale pakati pa makampeni awiriwa udasokonekera kwa mwezi umodzi, mpaka a Biden adapepesa poyimbira a Obama ndipo awiriwa adapanga mgwirizano wolimba.
Pamene mavuto azachuma a 2007-2010 adafika pachimake chifukwa chavuto lazachuma mu Seputembara 2008 komanso kubwezeredwa kwachuma ku United States kudakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pantchitoyi, a Biden adavotera $700 biliyoni Emergency Economic Stabilization Act ya 2008, yomwe. adadutsa mu Senate, 74-25. Pa October 2, 2008, adachita nawo mkangano wa Vice-Presidenti ndi Palin pa yunivesite ya Washington ku St. Kafukufuku waposachedwa adapeza kuti pomwe Palin adapitilira zomwe ovota ambiri amayembekezera, a Biden adapambana mkangano wonse.M'dziko lonselo, a Biden anali ndi 60% yabwino pa kafukufuku wa Pew Research Center, poyerekeza ndi 44% ya Palin.
Pa Novembala 4, 2008, a Obama ndi a Biden adasankhidwa ndi 53% ya mavoti otchuka komanso mavoti 365 kwa a McCain-Palin mavoti 173.
Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti (2009-2017)
A Biden adati akufuna kuchotsa maudindo omwe wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa George W. Bush, a Dick Cheney, ndipo sanafune kutsanzira wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti. Iye anali wapampando wa gulu la kusintha kwa Obama ndipo anatsogolera njira yopititsa patsogolo chuma chapakati pachuma.Kumayambiriro kwa Januware 2009, pomaliza kukhala wapampando wa Komiti Yowona Zakunja, adayendera atsogoleri a Iraq, Afghanistan ndi Pakistan, ndipo pa Januware 20 adalumbiritsidwa ngati wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa 47 ku United States —wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti woyamba ku Delaware komanso wachiwiri kwa purezidenti woyamba wa Roma Katolika.
Posakhalitsa a Obama adafanizira Biden ndi wosewera mpira wa basketball "yemwe amachita zinthu zambiri zomwe sizimawonekera pamasamba". M'mwezi wa Meyi, a Biden adapita ku Kosovo ndikutsimikizira momwe US ilili kuti "ufulu wake sungathe kusinthidwa". Biden adataya mkangano wamkati kwa Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wokhudza kutumiza asitikali atsopano 21,000 ku Afghanistan, koma kukayikira kwake kunali kofunikira, ndipo mu 2009, malingaliro a Biden adakula kwambiri pomwe Obama adaganiziranso njira yake yaku Afghanistan. Biden ankapita ku Iraq pafupifupi miyezi iwiri iliyonse, anakhala mtsogoleri wa akuluakulu aboma popereka mauthenga kwa atsogoleri aku Iraq okhudza kupita patsogolo komwe kukuyembekezeka kumeneko. Nthawi zambiri, kuyang'anira malamulo a Iraq kunakhala udindo wa a Biden: A Obama ankanenedwa kuti, "Joe, umachita Iraq." Biden adati Iraq "ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwazochita zazikulu za kayendetsedwe kake". Ulendo wake wopita ku Iraq mu Januwale 2010 mkati mwa chipwirikiti chokhudza anthu omwe anali oletsedwa pa chisankho cha aphungu a ku Iraq chomwe chikubwerachi chinapangitsa kuti anthu 59 mwa mazana angapo abwezeretsedwe ndi boma la Iraq patatha masiku awiri. Pofika mchaka cha 2012, a Biden anali atapanga maulendo asanu ndi atatu kumeneko, koma kuyang'anira kwake kwa mfundo za US ku Iraq kunachepa ndi kutuluka kwa asitikali aku US mu 2011.
Purezidenti Obama athokoza a Biden chifukwa cha gawo lake popanga ngongole zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale Budget Control Act ya 2011.
Biden amayang'anira ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachuma kuchokera ku pulogalamu yolimbikitsira ya Obama yomwe cholinga chake ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi kugwa kwachuma komwe kukuchitika. Panthawiyi, a Biden adakhutitsidwa kuti palibe ziwopsezo zazikulu kapena katangale zomwe zidachitika, ndipo atamaliza udindowu mu February 2011, adati kuchuluka kwazachinyengo zomwe zachitika ndi ndalama zolimbikitsira zidakhala zosakwana 1 peresenti.
Chakumapeto kwa Epulo 2009, kuyankha kwa Biden ku funso lomwe lidayamba kufalikira kwa chimfine cha nkhumba, kuti angalangize achibale ake kuti asayende pandege kapena njanji zapansi panthaka, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti a White House abwererenso mwachangu. Mawuwa adatsitsimutsanso mbiri ya Biden ya ma gaffes. Poyang'anizana ndi kuchuluka kwa ulova mpaka Julayi 2009, a Biden adavomereza kuti akuluakulu aboma "sanawerenge molakwika momwe chuma chinaliri" koma adakhalabe ndi chidaliro kuti njira zolimbikitsira zitha kuyambitsa ntchito zinanso ndalama zikadzakwera.Pa Marichi 23, 2010, maikolofoni adanyamula a Biden ndikuuza Purezidenti kuti kusaina kwake Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act kunali "chovuta kwambiri" pawailesi yakanema mdziko muno. Ngakhale anali umunthu wosiyana, a Obama ndi a Biden adapanga ubwenzi, womwe unakhazikitsidwa ndi mwana wamkazi wa Obama, Sasha ndi mdzukulu wa Biden Maisy, omwe adaphunzira limodzi ku Sidwell Friends School.
Biden paulendo wopita ku Baghdad
Mamembala a Obama ati udindo wa a Biden mu White House ndi kukhala wotsutsana ndi kukakamiza ena kuteteza maudindo awo. Rahm Emanuel, wamkulu wa ogwira ntchito ku White House, adati Biden adathandizira kuganiza kwamagulu. Mlembi wa atolankhani ku White House a Jay Carney, yemwe anali woyang'anira zolumikizirana ku Biden, adati a Biden adasewera "munthu woyipa mu Situation Room". Mlangizi wina wamkulu wa Obama adati a Biden "nthawi zonse amakhala wokonzeka kukhala skunk pa pikiniki yabanja kuwonetsetsa kuti ndife owona mtima momwe tingathere." Obama adati, "Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chokhudza Joe ndichakuti tikasonkhanitsa aliyense, amakakamizadi anthu kuganiza ndi kuteteza udindo wawo, kuyang'ana zinthu kuchokera kumbali zonse, ndipo izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa ine." A Biden adakhala momasuka kunyumba kwawo ku Washington, nthawi zambiri kusangalatsa adzukulu awo, ndi nthawi zonse ankabwerera kwawo ku Delaware.
A Biden adalimbikitsa kwambiri ma Democrats mu zisankho zapakati pa 2010, kukhalabe ndi chiyembekezo poyang'anizana ndi kulosera kwakuti chipanichi chidzaluza kwakukulu. Kutsatira kupindula kwakukulu kwa Republican pachisankho komanso kuchoka kwa mkulu wa ogwira ntchito ku White House a Rahm Emanuel, ubale wam'mbuyomu wa Biden ndi aku Republican ku Congress udakhala wofunikira kwambiri. Anatsogolera ntchito yoyendetsa bwino kuti apeze chivomerezo cha Senate.
Mu Marichi 2011, a Obama adapatsa a Biden kuti atsogolere zokambirana ndi Congress kuti athetse ndalama zomwe boma lidawononga kwa chaka chonsecho ndikupewa kutseka kwa boma. Pofika Meyi 2011, gulu la "Biden panel" lomwe lili ndi mamembala asanu ndi limodzi a Congress anali kuyesera kuti afikire mgwirizano wamayiko awiri okweza ngongole zaku US monga gawo la dongosolo lonse lochepetsera chipereŵero. Ngongole zaku US zidakula m'miyezi ingapo yotsatira, koma ubale wa a Biden ndi McConnell udawonetsanso chinsinsi pakuthetsa mkangano ndikubweretsa mgwirizano kuti athetse, monga lamulo la Budget Control Act la 2011, losainidwa pa Ogasiti 2, 2011. , tsiku lomwelo kusakhulupirika kosayembekezereka kwa U.S. kudachitika. A Biden adakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa aliyense muulamuliro akukambirana ndi Congress pa funso langongole, ndipo wogwira ntchito ku Republican adati, "Biden ndi munthu yekhayo amene ali ndi ulamuliro wokambirana, ndipo [McConnell] akudziwa kuti mawu ake ndi abwino. chinali chinsinsi cha mgwirizano."
Biden, Obama ndi gulu lachitetezo cha dziko adasonkhana mu White House Situation Room kuti awone momwe ntchito ya May 2011 yopha Osama bin Laden ikuyendera.
Malipoti ena akusonyeza kuti a Biden anatsutsa kupitiriza ndi cholinga cha Meyi 2011 ku US chopha Osama bin Laden, kuopa kulephera kusokoneza chiyembekezo cha Obama kuti asankhidwenso. Iye adatsogolera podziwitsa atsogoleri a Congression za zotsatira zopambana.
Kusankhidwanso
Nkhani yayikulu: kampeni ya Purezidenti wa 2012 ya Barack Obama
Mu Okutobala 2010, a Biden adati a Obama adamupempha kuti akhalebe ngati mnzake womuyimira pazisankho zapurezidenti wa 2012, koma kutchuka kwa Obama kukucheperachepera, Chief of Staff ku White House William M. Daley adachita kafukufuku wachinsinsi komanso kafukufuku wamagulu. kumapeto kwa 2011 pa lingaliro lolowa m'malo mwa Biden pa tikiti ndi Hillary Clinton. Lingaliroli lidathetsedwa pomwe zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti palibe kusintha kwabwino kwa Obama, ndipo akuluakulu a White House pambuyo pake adati Obama mwiniwakeyo anali asanamvepo lingaliroli.
Ndemanga ya a Biden mu May 2012 yoti "anali womasuka" ndi maukwati a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha adadziwika kwambiri ndi anthu poyerekeza ndi udindo wa Obama, womwe unkafotokozedwa ngati "kusintha". A Biden adalankhula mawu ake popanda chilolezo cha utsogoleri, ndipo a Obama ndi omuthandizira adakwiya, popeza Obama adakonza zosintha maudindo pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo, pokonzekera msonkhano wachipani. Omenyera ufulu wa gay adatengera zomwe a Biden adanena, ndipo m'masiku ochepa, a Obama adalengeza kuti nayenso amathandizira maukwati a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, zomwe zidakakamizidwa ndi zomwe a Biden adanena. Biden adapepesa kwa Obama mwamseri chifukwa cholankhula, pomwe Obama adavomereza poyera kuti zidachitika kuchokera pansi pamtima.
Kampeni ya a Obama idawona Biden ngati wandale wotsatsa malonda, ndipo anali ndi nthawi yayitali yowonekera m'maboma osinthika pomwe kampeni yosankhanso zisankho idayamba mwachangu mchaka cha 2012. Ndemanga ya Ogasiti 2012 pamaso pa anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti malingaliro a Republican oti akhazikitse malamulo a Wall Street "adzabwezeretsa nonse mu unyolo" adakopa chidwi kwa a Biden. Nyuzipepala ya Los Angeles Times inalemba kuti, "Panthawi yolankhulira a Biden, pakhoza kukhala mphindi khumi ndi ziwiri zopangitsa osindikizira kukhumudwa, ndikupangitsa atolankhani kutembenukirana wina ndi mnzake ndi chisangalalo komanso chisokonezo."
Biden adasankhidwa kukhala wachichiwiri kwa purezidenti pa msonkhano wa 2012 Democratic National Convention mu Seputembala. Potsutsana ndi mnzake waku Republican, Woimira Paul Ryan, mumkangano wachiwiri kwa purezidenti pa Okutobala 11 adateteza mbiri ya boma la Obama.Pa Novembala 6, a Obama ndi a Biden adapambananso pa Mitt Romney ndi Paul Ryan ndi mavoti 332 mwa 538 a Electoral College ndi 51% ya mavoti otchuka.
Mu Disembala 2012, a Obama adatcha a Biden kuti atsogolere gulu lankhondo la Gun Violence Task Force, lomwe lidapangidwa kuti lithetse zomwe zayambitsa kuwomberana kusukulu ndikuganizira zowongolera mfuti zomwe zitha kuchitika pambuyo pa kuwomberana kwa Sandy Hook Elementary School. Pambuyo pake mwezi womwewo, m'masiku omaliza United States isanagwe "pazachuma", ubale wa Biden ndi McConnell udakhalanso wofunikira pomwe awiriwa adakambirana zomwe zidapangitsa kuti lamulo la American Taxpayer Relief Act la 2012 likhazikitsidwe koyambirira kwa 2013. Zinapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa msonkho wa Bush kukhale kokhazikika koma kukweza mitengo yandalama zapamwamba.
A Biden sanatengepo mbali pang'ono pazokambirana zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mu October 2013 ndime ya Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014, yomwe idathetsa kutsekedwa kwa boma mu 2013 ndi vuto la ngongole la 2013. Izi zinali chifukwa mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Senate Harry Reid ndi atsogoleri ena a Democratic. adamuchotsa pazokambirana zachindunji ndi Congress, akumva kuti Biden adapereka zambiri pazokambirana zam'mbuyomu.
Biden's Violence Against Women Act idavomerezedwanso mu 2013. Mchitidwewu udapangitsa kuti pakhale zochitika zofananira, monga White House Council on Women and Girls, yomwe idayamba chigawo choyamba, komanso White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assaught, idayamba mu Januwale 2014 ndi Biden ndi Valerie Jarrett ngati apampando amgwirizano. Biden adakambirana za malangizo aboma pazachipongwe pamasukulu aku yunivesite pomwe amalankhula ku University of New Hampshire. Iye anati, “Ayi akutanthauza ayi, ngati waledzera kapena waledzeretsa. Ayi ndithu ngati uli pabedi, m’chipinda chogona kapena pamsewu. maganizo anu. Ayi sikutanthauza ayi."
Biden ankakonda kupatsa zida zigawenga za ku Syria.Pamene Iraq idagwa mchaka cha 2014, chidwi chatsopano chidaperekedwa ku Biden-Gelb Iraqi federalization plan ya 2006, pomwe ena owonera akuti Biden anali wolondola nthawi yonseyi. Biden mwiniwake adanena kuti US idzatsatira ISIL "ku zipata za gehena". Biden anali ndi ubale wapamtima ndi atsogoleri angapo aku Latin America ndipo adapatsidwa chidwi ndi derali panthawi ya utsogoleri; adayendera chigawochi maulendo 16 pa nthawi ya utsogoleri wake, kuposa pulezidenti aliyense kapena wachiŵiri kwa pulezidenti.
Mu 2015, Mneneri wa Nyumbayi a John Boehner ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Senate Mitch McConnell adaitana nduna yayikulu ya Israeli a Benjamin Netanyahu kuti alankhule nawo pamsonkhano wa Congress popanda kudziwitsa akuluakulu a Obama. Kusamvera malamulowa kudapangitsa a Biden ndi ma Democrats opitilira 50 kulumpha zolankhula za Netanyahu. Mu Ogasiti 2016, a Biden adapita ku Serbia, komwe adakumana ndi Purezidenti waku Serbia Aleksandar Vučić ndikufotokozera zachisoni chake kwa anthu wamba omwe adazunzidwa ndi bomba pankhondo ya Kosovo. Ku Kosovo, adapezeka pamwambo wopatsa dzina la msewu waukulu pambuyo pa mwana wake Beau, polemekeza ntchito ya Beau ku Kosovo pophunzitsa oweruza ndi ozenga milandu.
A Biden sanachitepo voti yosokoneza mu Senate, zomwe zidamupanga kukhala wachiwiri kwa purezidenti yemwe adakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali kwambiri.
Biden ndi Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti-wosankhidwa Mike Pence pa Novembara 10, 2016
Udindo mu kampeni ya pulezidenti wa 2016
Munthawi yake yachiwiri, a Biden nthawi zambiri ankanenedwa kuti akukonzekera kusankhidwa kwa 2016 demokalase. Ndi banja lake, abwenzi ambiri, ndi opereka ndalama omwe adamulimbikitsa pakati pa chaka cha 2015 kuti alowe mu mpikisanowu, komanso chifukwa chokomera mtima kwa Hillary Clinton kudatsika panthawiyo, a Biden adanenedwa kuti akuganiziranso mozama za chiyembekezo komanso "Draft Biden 2016" PAC. idakhazikitsidwa.
Pofika pa Seputembara 11, 2015, a Biden anali akadali osatsimikiza za kuthamanga. Anaona kuti imfa yaposachedwapa ya mwana wake inamuthera mphamvu zake zamaganizo, ndipo anati, “palibe amene ali ndi ufulu ... kufuna udindo umenewo pokhapokha atalolera kuupereka 110% ya omwe ali.” Pa October 21 , polankhula pabwalo la Rose Garden ndi mkazi wake ndi Obama pambali pake, a Biden adalengeza chisankho chake chosapikisana nawo paudindo wapulezidenti mu 2016. Mu Januwale 2016, a Biden adatsimikiza kuti chinali chisankho choyenera, koma adavomereza kuti adanong'oneza bondo kuti sanayimire Purezidenti "tsiku lililonse".
Obama atavomereza Hillary Clinton pa June 9, 2016, a Biden adamuvomereza pambuyo pake tsiku lomwelo. Muchisankho chonse cha 2016, a Biden adadzudzula mdani wa Clinton, a Donald Trump, mosiyanasiyana.
Ntchito zotsatila (2017-2019)
Atasiya utsogoleri wachiwiri, Biden adakhala pulofesa wolemekezeka ku University of Pennsylvania. Wotchedwa "Benjamin Franklin Presidential Practice Professor", Biden adatsogolera zokambirana za mbiri yakale ndi ndale ndipo adapanga Penn Biden Center for Diplomacy and Global Engagement.Anapitirizanso kutsogolera zoyesayesa zopezera mankhwala a khansa. Mu 2017, adalemba memoir, Ndilonjezeni, Adadi, ndipo adayenda ulendo woyendera mabuku. Biden adapeza $15.6 miliyoni kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2018. Mu 2018, adapereka mawu olimbikitsa kwa Senator John McCain, kuyamika McCain kukumbatira malingaliro aku America komanso maubwenzi apawiri. Biden adawongoleredwa ndi mabomba awiri a mapaipi omwe adatumizidwa kwa iye pakuyesa kuphulitsa kwamakalata kwa Okutobala 2018, komwe kumayang'ana opanga malamulo ademokalase ndi otsutsa.
Biden adakhalabe pamaso pa anthu, kuvomereza ofuna kusankhidwa kwinaku akupitiliza kupereka ndemanga pazandale, kusintha kwanyengo, komanso utsogoleri wa a Donald Trump. Anapitirizanso kulankhula mokomera ufulu wa LGBT, kupitiriza kulimbikitsa pa nkhani yomwe adagwirizana nayo kwambiri pa nthawi ya utsogoleri wake. Mu 2019, a Biden adadzudzula Brunei chifukwa chofuna kutsata malamulo achisilamu omwe angalole kufa poponyedwa miyala chifukwa cha chigololo komanso kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kutcha izi "zowopsa komanso zachiwerewere" ndikuti, "Palibe chowiringula - osati chikhalidwe, osati miyambo - yamtunduwu. chidani ndi nkhanza." Pofika chaka cha 2019, a Biden ndi mkazi wake adanenanso kuti chuma chawo chawonjezeka kufika [kumveka kofunikira] pakati pa $2.2 miliyoni ndi $8 miliyoni chifukwa cholankhulana komanso mgwirizano wolemba mabuku.
2020 kampeni ya pulezidenti
Nkhani yayikulu: Kampeni ya Purezidenti wa Joe Biden 2020
Kungoyerekeza ndi kulengeza
Pakati pa 2016 ndi 2019, nyumba zoulutsira nkhani nthawi zambiri zimatchula a Biden kuti ndi omwe angakhale Purezidenti mu 2020. Atafunsidwa ngati angathamangire, iye anapereka mayankho osiyanasiyana komanso osagwirizana, ponena kuti “musanene konse”. Panthawi ina ananena kuti sanaone momwe angathamangirenso, koma patapita masiku angapo, anati, "Ndithamanga ngati ndingathe kuyenda." yomwe imadziwika kuti Time for Biden idakhazikitsidwa mu Januware 2018, kufuna kuti a Biden alowe nawo mpikisanowo. Pomaliza adayambitsa kampeni yake pa Epulo 25, 2019, nati adalimbikitsidwa kuthamangira, mwa zifukwa zina, ndi "malingaliro ake antchito."
Kampeni
Mu Seputembala 2019, zidanenedwa kuti a Trump adakakamiza Purezidenti waku Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy kuti afufuze zomwe Biden ndi mwana wake Hunter Biden adachita. Ngakhale zinali zonenedweratu, palibe umboni womwe udapangidwa wokhudza kulakwa kulikonse ndi a Biden. Atolankhani amatanthauzira kwambiri kukakamiza uku kuti afufuze a Biden ngati kuyesa kuvulaza mwayi wa Biden kuti apambane utsogoleri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale chipongwe chandaleb komanso kutsutsidwa kwa a Trump ndi Nyumba ya Oyimilira.
Kuyambira mu 2019, a Trump ndi ogwirizana nawo adanamizira a Biden kuti achotsa woimira boma ku Ukraine Viktor Shokin chifukwa akuti akufuna kufufuza Burisma Holdings, yomwe idalemba ntchito Hunter Biden. Biden akuimbidwa mlandu woletsa $ 1 biliyoni thandizo kuchokera ku Ukraine pakuchita izi. Mu 2015, a Biden adakakamiza nyumba yamalamulo yaku Ukraine kuti ichotse Shokin chifukwa United States, European Union ndi mabungwe ena apadziko lonse lapansi amawona kuti Shokin ndi achinyengo komanso osagwira ntchito, makamaka chifukwa Shokin sanali kufufuza Burisma motsimikiza. Kuyimitsidwa kwa $ 1 biliyoni yothandizira inali gawo la ndondomeko yovomerezekayi. Komiti ya Senate Homeland Security Committee ndi Senate Finance Committee, motsogozedwa ndi a Republican, idafufuza zolakwa za a Bidens ku Ukraine, ndipo pamapeto pake idatulutsa lipoti mu Seputembara 2020 lomwe silinafotokozere umboni wa zolakwa za a Joe Biden, ndipo adatsimikiza kuti "sizikudziwika bwino" ngati udindo wa Hunter Biden ku Burisma "unakhudza mfundo za US ku Ukraine".
Mu Marichi 2019 ndi Epulo 2019, a Biden adaimbidwa mlandu ndi azimayi asanu ndi atatu pamilandu yam'mbuyomu yokhudzana mosayenera, monga kukumbatira, kugwirana kapena kupsopsona. Biden adadzitcha kale "wandale wovuta" ndipo adavomereza kuti izi zidamubweretsera mavuto. Mu Epulo 2019, a Biden adalonjeza "kulemekeza malo omwe anthu amakhala".
Mu chaka chonse cha 2019, a Biden adakhala patsogolo pa ma Democrat ena pamasankho adziko lonse. Ngakhale izi, adamaliza wachinayi m'macaucuses a Iowa, ndipo patatha masiku asanu ndi atatu, wachisanu mu pulaimale ya New Hampshire. Anachita bwino m'magulu a Nevada, kufika pa 15% yofunikira kwa nthumwi, komabe anali kumbuyo kwa Bernie Sanders ndi 21.6 peresenti.Kupanga madandaulo amphamvu kwa anthu akuda panjira ya kampeni komanso mkangano waku South Carolina, a Biden adapambana mapulaimale aku South Carolina ndi mapoints oposa 28. Pambuyo pochotsa komanso kuvomereza kwa omwe adasankhidwa Pete Buttigieg ndi Amy Klobuchar, adapeza bwino pachisankho chachikulu cha Marichi 3 Super Lachiwiri. Biden adapambana mipikisano 18 mwa mipikisano 26 yotsatira, kuphatikiza Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, ndi Virginia, zomwe zidamuyika patsogolo pazambiri zonse. Elizabeth Warren ndi Mike Bloomberg adasiya ntchito, ndipo Biden adakulitsa kutsogolera kwake ndikupambana ma Sanders m'maboma anayi .


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Anthu a Virgo Sun Taurus Moon amapangidwa, stoical komanso osasunthika. Ndiwo omwe apangidwa bwino kwambiri kuposa ma Virgos onse m'nyenyezi. Anthu atha kutenga zitsanzo zawo chifukwa ali ndi mawonekedwe, mayankho pamavuto ndipo ndi othandiza.
Pali zinthu zochepa zomwe mbadwa izi sizingapambane nazo. Akakhala ndi udindo, mungawakhulupirire kuti athana nawo.
Virgo Sun Taurus Mwezi kuphatikiza mwachidule:
- Zabwino: Stoical, akatswiri komanso ochezeka
- Zosokoneza: Wokhumudwitsa, wolamulira komanso wosatetezeka
- Bwenzi wangwiro: Wina yemwe angawapatse moyo wotetezeka
- Malangizo: Ayenera kutsegula zambiri kwa anzawo apamtima.
Ochita zachilungamo komanso owona mtima, sadzasiya njira wamba. Ambiri adzatembenukira kwa iwo chifukwa ndi anzeru ndipo amatha kupereka upangiri wabwino womwe wapendedwa mosamala.
Makhalidwe
Anthu omwe ali ndi Dzuwa lawo ku Virgo ndi Mwezi wawo ku Taurus ndi olimba, okhazikika komanso odalirika. Adzakopa ndalama ngati maginito amakopa chitsulo.
Ngakhale ali okhumudwitsa kwakukulu, sangakhale ndi zifukwa zambiri zokhalira ndi nkhawa. Nzeru zawo komanso kutsimikiza kwawo ziwathandiza kuti achite bwino popanda zoyesayesa zambiri.
Chimene amafuna kwambiri ndi chitetezo ndikukhala ndi moyo wokhazikika. Ngakhale ali ndi mkwiyo, amathanso kukhazika mtima pansi ndikupeza malingaliro awo. Ndizotheka kuti nthawi zina amalakwitsa kwambiri. Osanenapo eccentric komanso pang'ono zachilendo.
Sikuti ali ndi chidwi chambiri, amangokhalira kulola kuti moyo uchitike. Ambiri adzawawona ngati ofowoka komanso olondola, koma ndiofewa komanso osangalatsa mukawadziwa.
Iwo amaganiza kuti anthu ozindikira ndi ofooka, chifukwa chake amabisa mbali iyi pansi panja panja. Ndipo ambiri sadzawona omwe ali. Kuchita bwino, kukhulupirika ndi kuwona mtima, zonsezi ndizodziwika. Koma ayenera kukhala osamala kuti asazengereze kwambiri.
Zizindikiro zawo zimadziphatikiza mogwirizana, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti sadzakumana ndi zovuta zingapo m'moyo. Komabe, ziribe kanthu momwe akugwirira ntchito molimbika komanso mochenjera, amakhalabe pachiwopsezo chokhala aulesi.
chizindikiro chiti feb 1
Pankhani ya moyo wawo waluso, mbadwa za Virgo Sun Taurus Moon zitha kukhala zabwino pa bizinesi. Ndi chifukwa chakuti ndiopirira komanso othamanga mokwanira. Osanenapo momwe angakhalire okonzekera bwino komanso oyang'anira.
Pomwe chikondi chimapita, wokondedwa wawo amatha kudalira iwo nthawi zonse. Koma adzayembekezera zomwezo kubwerera. Amafuna nyumba ndikukwatirana. Chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuti sangasudzulane.
Makhalidwe awo onse ndi achikhalidwe ndipo amawakhulupirira mwamphamvu. Njira yachikale ndiyo njira yokhayo yopitira nawo.
Chifukwa chakuti amapereka upangiri wabwino, ambiri adzawadzera akakhala ndi mavuto enieni. Osanenapo kuti amatha kumvetsetsa ndikudziyika okha mu nsapato za ena bwino kwambiri.
Wodekha komanso womasuka koma wolimba, ma Virgos awa akwaniritsa zinthu zambiri zabwino zomwe angakhazikitse. Amatha kuthetsa mavuto m'njira yothandiza. Ndipo adzaganiza zolakwa zawo, ngati zilipo.
Anthu adzawakonda chifukwa chowona mtima komanso ulemu. Zilibe kanthu kuti kunja kumawoneka ovuta komanso achinyengo, dziwani kuti ndiofatsa komanso okoma mtima.
Tsoka ilo, amaganiza kuti ngati ali achifundo amakhala ofooka. Chifukwa chake abisala. Koma abwenzi ambiri apamtima adzadziwa zomwe akuyesera kuchita.
Anthu amatsanzira kudzipereka kwawo komanso kuwona mtima kwawo. Kungakhale lingaliro labwino kuti iwo aziyenda akakhala aulesi. Anthu a Virgo Sun Taurus Moon adzagwira ntchito iliyonse. Ndipo adzaonetsetsa kuti akuchita bwino.
Komabe, sioyambitsa kapena olota zazikulu. Amakhudza kwambiri kusunga zinthu ndikugwira ntchito bwino. Zazikulu, simudzawawona akusewera masewera aliwonse. Ndi achindunji ndipo sakonda kusintha.
Chochita chilichonse chomwe apanga chidzakhala ndi cholinga. Ngati akuwona ngati alibe mwayi, mbadwa izi zidzapanga mipata yawoyawo. Nzeru zawo ndi kuchitapo kanthu zidzakhala zothandiza osati ndi bizinesi yokha, komanso ndi maubale.
Amatha kukhala ndi ntchito yayitali ndikukhala othandiza malinga ndi momwe angafunire. Chifukwa amatha kupanga chilichonse mwanjira yabwino, amatha kugwira ntchito yayikulu ngati oyang'anira, osinthitsa kapena oyang'anira.
Wokondedwa wawo angawadalire kuti achite zomwe anenazo ndikukhala ofanana nthawi zonse. Koma amayembekezera chimodzimodzi pobwezera. Moyo wapabanja ndi womwe amafuna kwambiri pamoyo wawo.
Ndizomwe zidzawapange momwe alili. Moyo wawo sudzakhala wovuta chifukwa kuphatikiza kwa zizindikilo zawo ndikwabwino. Koma akakhutira, amatha kukhala opanda nkhawa ndikuiwala zonse zomwe akuchita.
Chifukwa ndi achizolowezi ndipo amafuna kutsatira njira zomwezo, sangavomereze njira yosiyana ndi malingaliro atsopano. Akuti atenga mwayi wawo ndikupita ndi zatsopano chifukwa umu ndi momwe dziko lapansi limayendera.
Komanso kuti apange mabwenzi ambiri. Ndi chifukwa chakuti amakhala osamala kwambiri pankhani imeneyi. Kutsegulira sikunapweteke aliyense.
Makani ake mchikondi
Okonda Mwezi wa Virgo Sun Taurus amafuna ungwiro. Ayenera kudziwa momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito, ngakhale zitakhala zokhudzana ndi moyo wawo wachikondi kapena ntchito, kuti akonze.
Amaphunzira chilichonse mpaka kumapeto ndipo amawagwiritsa ntchito pamoyo wawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndiwothandizana nawo omwe nthawi zonse amasangalatsa theka lawo lina.
Koma ndizosavuta kuti iwo aphonye chithunzi chachikulu ndikuchitapo kanthu chomwe chilibe ntchito. Osanenapo amatha kumangoganizira nkhawa zawo kuti zinthu zikuyenda molakwika.
Zomwe anthu a Moon Taurus amafuna kwambiri ndi nyumba yabwino, chitetezo komanso kusangalala ndi zokondweretsa zonse pamoyo. Ndianthu othandiza komanso otengeka. Ndipo wokonda wawo azikonda izi za iwo.
kumapangitsa munthu kukhala pachibwenzi
Anthu onse awa a Mwezi amafunikira kuchokera kwa wokondedwa kuti akhale okhulupirika komanso osadutsa malire awo. Ndipo adzakhala munthu amene angathe kuwerengeredwa. Komabe, musaiwale kuti amadana ndi kusintha. Komanso kuti ndi ouma mtima ndipo sizingatheke kuwathamangitsa kapena kusintha malingaliro awo.
Mwamuna wa Virgo Sun Taurus Moon
Ngakhale kuti Virgo safuna kusangalala, Mwezi wawo ku Taurus ukhoza kupulumutsa vutoli. Mwamuna wazizindikirozi amafunikira nyumba yabwino, yolimbitsa thupi, zinthu zoyengedwa komanso chitetezo. Mwanjira iyi yokha, iye adzakhala munthu wathupi komanso wapamtima monga momwe amakhalira.
Ngakhale kuti siwotopetsa kapena wolimba kwambiri, munthu wa Virgo Sun Taurus Moon ndi wachikhalidwe, wodalirika, wosasintha komanso wamphamvu. Simudzawawona atakhumudwa kapena osasamala.
Mutha kumudalira kuti azingosewera pamakhalidwe ake osati zoyipa zakezo. Ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mikhalidwe yambiri chifukwa kuphatikiza kwake zizindikiritso ndi mwayi.
Mwachitsanzo, ndi wochita bizinesi wamkulu amene amachita zinthu moona mtima komanso ali ndi luso logwira ntchito. Adzapanga ndalama ngakhale nthawiyo izikhala yamdima bwanji.
Ndi mkazi, adzawona kuti ali ndi zofooka, koma sadzanena kanthu. Mutha kumukhulupirira kuti sadzachita zachinyengo. Ndipo amayembekezera zomwezo kuchokera kwa wokondedwa wake.
Ngakhale atachita bwino, sadzayamba kudzitamandira mozungulira. Ngakhale zili zokongola, sizinganenedwe kuti ndiwosiyana ndi khamulo. Wodekha komanso wochedwa, mutha kukhala wotsimikiza kuti adzafika komwe akufuna pang'onopang'ono.
Koma amatha kudzisangalatsa ndi zokondweretsa moyo, monga chakudya ndi kugonana. Ngati atumikira anthu, mutha kudalira kuti achita ntchito yabwino. Amatha kusamalira bwino ndalama ndi katundu wa anthu.
Anzake ndi ogwira nawo ntchito amuthokoza chifukwa chosasiya. Komanso, posazimiririka zinthu zikafika povuta. Ndipo adzakhala chimodzimodzi ndi mkazi wake ndi ana. Amangokhala ndi vuto ngati anthu omuzungulira adzakhala olephera, achisokonezo kapena osokoneza.
Mkazi wa Virgo Sun Taurus Moon
Wopulumutsidwa komanso nthawi yomweyo wokakamiza, dona uyu amatha kusesa munthu aliyense pamapazi ake osakhala wokongola kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti alibe maginito ngati Scorpio kapena owoneka ngati Leo, mkazi wa Virgo Sun Taurus Moon ali ndi chilakolako chogonana chomwe chimatha kukopa aliyense.
Ndipo anthu omwe adzawakhudze adzakhala oyeretsedwa komanso amakhalidwe abwino, osati aliyense. Osanenapo kuti sakhala nthawi yochuluka ndi iwo omwe savala ndi kukoma ndipo samakhala ndi ulemu.
Ali ndi mphamvu chifukwa akudziwa kuti amakonda kugonana. Amuna omwe alibe malingaliro otseguka komanso ocheperako ayenera kukhala kutali ndi iye. Sakusowa kuti azikambirana zazinthu zomwe samasamala nazo, chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuti atembenukira kwa mbadwa zambiri.
Zitha kunenedwa kuti mayi wa Virgo ndiwosokonekera. Koma iye ndiwodalirika komanso mkazi wabwino akangokhala ndi wina. M'malo mopita kumaphwando, amakonda kukhala kunyumba ndi vinyo ndi buku.
Ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu omwe akufuna kukhala nawo akuyenera kusankhidwa. Ndipo akhala chimodzimodzi ndi anzawo. Ndalama zomwe apanga zithandizira banja lake lonse.
Monga mayi, ndiwopambana. Ana ake azilankhula kusukulu zamaphunziro ambiri achikulire monga momwe maphunziro amaphunzitsira ana ena kumayiko akutali.
Koma musayembekezere kuti akwatiwa wachichepere. Adikirira ndikumangiriza tsogolo lake kwa munthu wina wofatsa, wodekha komanso wopambana. Amakonda kwambiri za moyo osati mawonekedwe.
Onani zina
Mwezi mu Kufotokozera za Khalidwe la Taurus
Kugwirizana kwa Virgo Ndi Zizindikiro Za Dzuwa
Virgo Best Match: Yemwe Mukugwirizana Naye Kwambiri
Virgo Soulmate: Yemwe Ndi Mnzake Wamoyo Wawo Wonse?
Kuphatikiza kwa Dzuwa Mwezi
ndingadziwe bwanji ngati bambo wa Aries amandikonda
Kuzindikira Kwakuwunika Zomwe Zimatanthauza Kukhala Virgo

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text: La chitetezo mu eCommerce ndikofunikira kwa chitsimikizo chodalirika ya ogula komanso kupewa pasayansi ya kompyuta ndi zamatsenga. Izi ndizofunikira kuti bizinesi iyende bwino ndikukhala ndi digito. M'chigawo chino tikhala tikufalitsa nkhani zosangalatsa kwambiri zokhudzana ndi zida ndi mapulogalamu kutsimikizira Chitetezo cha e-commerce, njira zolipira, kubisa zambiri, ndi zina zambiri. Tionanso upangiri ndi malingaliro kuchokera kwa omwe ali ndi luso pankhaniyi Chitetezo pa intaneti kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito komanso eni ake masitolo a pa intaneti, mafungulo oti mudziwe ngati sitolo iliyonse ndiyabwino komanso njira zopangira kudalira ogwiritsa ntchito.


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Lero tikukuphunzitsani momwe mungakonzekerere njira yokwanira: tuna lasagna ndi phwetekere. Zachikale m'nyumba zambiri zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuzikonzekera chifukwa cha mapepala okonzeka kugwiritsira ntchito pasitala wa lasagna omwe ali kale m'masitolo ambiri.
Chinsinsi, monga maphikidwe ambiri, ndikusankha kwa zosakaniza zabwino. Msuzi wabwino wa phwetekere (kapena ngakhale wokhetsa phwetekere wachilengedwe), zamzitini nsomba zaubwino komanso béchamel yokometsera yomwe titha kupanga munthawi yochepa.
Tikakhala okonzeka, tizingoyenera kuyika zonse mu kasupe. Onani sitepe ndi sitepe chifukwa pali zithunzi kuti musaphonye chilichonse.
- 12 osaphika lasagna Zakudyazi
- 1 dash yamafuta
- 1 anyezi yaying'ono
- 1 akhoza wa phwetekere (kapena tomato 6 kucha)
- Zitini zitatu za tuna
- chi- lengedwe
- Masamba ena basil
- 50 g mafuta
- 70 g ufa
- 700g mkaka
- Nutmeg
- chi- lengedwe
- Mozzarella (m'malo mwa tchizi cha grated)
- Timayika mafuta poto. Dulani anyezi ndi kuwaphimba.
- Mukayika, onjezerani phwetekere ndikuphika kwa mphindi 15, ndi masamba a basil ndi mchere pang'ono. Tidasungitsa.
- Kumbali ina timakonzekera bechamel. Timayika mafuta mu poto ndipo, ikatentha, timawonjezera ufa. Timaphika kwa mphindi ndikuwonjezera mkaka, pang'ono ndi pang'ono osasiya kuyambitsa. Timaphatikizapo grated nutmeg, zambiri, ndi mchere. Tidasungitsa.
- Timatsitsa tuna ndikuisunga.
- Mu mbale yoyenera uvuni tidzasonkhanitsa lasagna yathu. Timayika poto wa béchamel pamunsi.
- Timaphimba ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu a lasagna (zimatengera kukula kwawo koma choyenera ndikuwayika m'njira yoti aphimbe nkhungu).
- Pa pasitala timayika msuzi wa phwetekere ndi tuna yaying'ono. Ngati tikufuna, ikani bechamel yaying'ono ndikuphimba ndi ma lasagna sheet.
- Timawonjezera bechamel ndikubwereza zigawozo kachiwiri.
- Pamapeto pake timaphimba chilichonse ndi bechamel yambiri komanso mozzarella (chatsanulidwa bwino) kapena ndi grated tchizi.
- Kuphika pa 180º pafupifupi mphindi 30.
Zambiri - Zakudya zophulika ndi tuna ndi tsabola


text: Vial Wash-Dry-Fill-Seal Production Line imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka, kutsekereza, kudzaza ndi kusindikiza jekeseni yaing'ono ya vial mumsonkhano.Imakhala ndi mapangidwe apamwamba, kapangidwe koyenera, digiri yapamwamba ya automation, yokhazikika komanso yodalirika, yogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso kuphatikiza kwamakina ndi magetsi.Magawo omwe amalumikizidwa ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi amapangidwa ndi AISI316L ndipo enawo amapangidwa ndi AISI304.Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zilibe zowononga mankhwala ndi chilengedwe.


text: ZC6523 ndi trifunctional polyurethane acrylate yopangidwa ndi polymerization ya polyester polyol, onunkhira isocyanate kuchiritsa wothandizila ndi hydroxyethyl acrylate, amadziwikanso kuti photosensitive kuchiritsa utomoni.ukadaulo wake index: mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi 5000-6000mpa S / 25 ℃, asidi mtengo <0.5 (NCO%), magwiridwe antchito 3 (zongoyerekeza mtengo), mtundu nambala: 1 # (Gardner);Mankhwalawa ali ndi ubwino wa kusinthasintha kwabwino, kukana kuvala, kukana kukankha, kukana kutentha, kukana madzi, kuchitapo kanthu kwakukulu ndi zina zotero.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a inki yochiritsa kuwala, mipando yamatabwa, zokutira pansi, zokutira zamapepala, zokutira zapulasitiki, zokutira zamtundu wa kuwala, zokutira zachitsulo ndi zomatira.


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Brittany Maynard: Mfundo Zachidule 5 Muyenera Kudziwa
Sewerani
Nkhani ya Brittany MaynardKugwira Ntchito Yopanga Imfa Ndi Ulemu Njira kwa Onse Allie Hoffman, Wotsogolera Brian Choy, Mkonzi Paulius Kontijevas, Wolemba Kanema Jonathan Olinger, Mkonzi Woyang'anira Mathieu Young, Mkonzi Wothandizira2014-10-06T12: 41: 13Z
Brittany Maynard akufuna kufa ndi ulemu pa Novembala 1. Patatha masiku awiri kuchokera tsiku lobadwa la mwamuna wake, Dan Diaz. Mu Januwale 2014, adapezeka kuti ali ndi Gawo 4 glioblastoma , khansa, ndikupatsidwa zaka kuti akhale ndi moyo. Mu Epulo, chotupacho chidakula mpaka momwe madotolo adamva kuti tsopano ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha.
Brittany ndi mwamuna wake anasamukira ku Oregon, amodzi mwa mayiko ochepa omwe ali nawo kufa ndi malamulo aulemu, kotero kuti Brittany adutse pamalingaliro ake. Mu kanema wokonda chidwi (pamwambapa) akulengeza mapulani ndi zolinga zake asanamwalire, komanso kulimbikitsa kufa ndi ulemu.
Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa:
1. Brittany Atamupeza Koyamba, Anapatsidwa Zaka 10 Kukhala Ndi Moyo
Werengani Zambiri Zolemera
Thomas Eric Duncan: Mfundo Zachidule 5 Muyenera Kudziwa


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Pamene mukuwerenga, Zipangizo ziwirizi ndizachotseredwe kosavomerezeka kwakanthawi kochepa. Mutha kupeza Maze Alpha pa GearBest kwa $ 149.99 yokha m'malo mwa madola 189 a mtengo wake wapachiyambi, ndi ku Maze Comet, ku Europe makamaka, pamayuro 159.99 pa Ebay.
Mafoni awiriwa ali pakatikati pa Android, ndipo, kuchokera pano Androidsis, tikuwonetsani mafotokozedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe ake kuti muthe kupeza imodzi mwazo. Pitilizani kuwerenga!
Maze akufuna 2018 kukhala chaka chake, ndipo ndikuti yakwera pamenepo, ndipo pachiyambi, zopereka zina sizigwera pang'ono kuti zipange malo pamsika.
Makhalidwe a Maze Alpha
Chida ichi chili ndi 26% kuchotsera, ndipo imabwera ndi chinsalu cha 6-inch FullHD + chophimba ndi Gorilla Glass protection madontho, zokanda ndi mabampu. Kuphatikiza apo, imapanga purosesa ya Mediatek Helio P25 pamodzi ndi 4GB RAM ndi 32GB yosungira mkati.
Ndiponso ikuphatikiza kamera iwiri ya megapixel 13 + 5, ndi kutsogolo kwina kwa 5MP kokha koyenera pamacheza amakanema ndi ma selfies otchuka.
Ili ndi batire ya 4000mAh yothandizira kutsitsa mwachangu, ndipo imayendetsa Android 7.0 Nougat kunja kwa bokosi.
Makhalidwe a Maze Comet
Chipangizochi chimadziwika kwambiri kuposa chilichonse, ndi chikopa chachikopa kumbuyo.
Ili ndi mawonekedwe a 18-inchi 9: 2.5 5.7D HD yokhala ndi Gorilla Glass 5, purosesa yachisanu ndi chitatu ya Mediatek MT6750T yokhala ndi pafupipafupi 1.5GHz, Mali-T760MP2 GPU, 4GB ya RAM, ndi 64GB yokumbukira kwamkati yotambasuka mpaka 128GB kudzera pa khadi ya MicroSD.
Imakhalanso ndi kamera ya Sony ya megapixel 13 ndi kutsegula kwa f / 2.0 pamodzi ndi Flash Flash, ndi kutsogolo kwa 8 megapixel.
Koma, Imaika batiri la 4000mAh ndipo imabwera ndi Android 7.0 Nougat.


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Nkhani
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mankhwala olembedwa ndi OTC?
Mankhwala ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira, kuchiza, kuchepetsa, kuchiza, kapena kupewa matenda. Pano pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mankhwala a OTC ndi mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala.
Mankhwala olembedwa ndi: Botolo lamankhwala logwira m'manja
Zolembedwa ndi dokotala
Adagulidwa ku pharmacy
Zolembedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi munthu m'modzi
Imayendetsedwa ndi FDA kudzera munjira ya New Drug Application (NDA). Ili ndiye gawo lovomerezeka lomwe wothandizira mankhwala amachita kufunsa kuti a FDA aganizire zovomereza mankhwala atsopano ku United States. NDA imaphatikizapo zidziwitso zonse za nyama ndi anthu komanso kusanthula kwa datayo, komanso chidziwitso cha momwe mankhwalawa amagwirira ntchito m'thupi komanso momwe amapangidwira. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za ndondomeko ya NDA, chonde onani "Njira Yowunikira Mankhwala a FDA: Kuonetsetsa Kuti Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Ndi Otetezeka komanso Othandiza."
Mankhwala a OTC ndi: Chithunzi cha mabotolo angapo amankhwala
Mankhwala omwe SAKUFUNA kuuzidwa ndi dokotala
Kugulidwa pashelufu m'masitolo
Zoyendetsedwa ndi FDA kudzera mu OTC Drug monographs. Ma monograph a mankhwala a OTC ndi mtundu wa "buku la maphikidwe" lomwe limafotokoza zovomerezeka, milingo, mapangidwe, ndi zolemba. Ma Monographs azisinthidwa nthawi zonse ndikuwonjezera zosakaniza ndikulemba ngati pakufunika. Zogulitsa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi monograph zitha kugulitsidwa popanda chilolezo cha FDA, pomwe zomwe siziyenera, ziyenera kuwunikiranso ndi kuvomerezedwa kudzera mu "Dongosolo Latsopano Lovomereza Mankhwala."


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Pezani chitsanzo chaulere kuchokera kwa Lena
Kaya mukuyang'ana mabotolo osavuta agalasi kapena mabotolo omalizidwa ndi zokongoletsera ndi zotseka, uwu ndi mwayi wabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wathu Wopereka Zitsanzo Zaulere.Makasitomala athu ambiri amayesa zinthu zathu asanagule.Chifukwa chiyani?Akufuna kuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe lathu lagalasi ndi zokongoletsera zokongola.
Chitsanzo chaulere
Kutumiza tsiku lotsatira
Thandizo lomaliza mpaka kumapeto
Malangizo aukadaulo aulere
Tiuzeni Zomwe Mukuganiza, Ndipo Tidzakupangirani Botolo Loyenera Kwambiri.
Momwe mungapezere zitsanzo zathu mwachangu?
①Kuitanitsa kuchokera kuzinthu zathu:
Sankhani zitsanzo zomwe mukufuna pamndandanda wazogulitsa, kenako tilankhule nafe, gulu lathu lazamalonda likulumikizana nanu posachedwa kuti mudziwe zambiri zachitsanzo.
②Titumizireni zojambulazo:
Ngati muli ndi zojambula kapena ma demo, ingolumikizanani nafe ndikutumiza kwa ife.Fakitale yathu idzakupatsani mabotolo osinthidwa.


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AMANGITSA BANJA ATAKHALIRA LIMODZI ZAKA 66
Wolemba: Batholomew Boaz
A Raphael Kabango ndi a Sellina Elia ankaimbira limodzi kwayala. M’chaka cha 1954 awiriwa adapatsana pathupi ndipo adakwatirana. Akhala mu banja losadalitsidwa kwa zaka 66. A Raphael ali ndi zaka 90 zakubadwa pomwe a Sellina sakudziwa zaka zao.
Pamene Bambo John Matiki, wansembe wa ku Parishi ya Utale 1 mu dayosizi ya Mangochi ya Mpingo wa Katolika amayendera akhristu odwala ndi okalamba, adapeza banjali ndi kumva nkhani yao. Bambo Matiki adawalimbikitsa awiriwa kuti amangitse ukwati wao ndipo adavomera.
Pa 14 Febuluwale 2021, pamene anthu amakumbukira tsiku la chikondi ndipomwe Bambo Matiki adamanga banja la a Raphael ndi a Sellina.


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Borosilicate Glass Disc/ Borosilicate Glass Plate/ Pyrex Glass Sheet for 3D Printer
Kufotokozera Zopanga:
zenera la galasi la borosilicate / retangle borosilicate galasi zenera / borosilicate galasi zenera
Borosilicate galasi 3.3 ndi imodzi mwa magalasi mandala colorless, kudzera wavelength ndi pakati 300 nm kuti 2500 nm, transmissivity kuposa 90%. Coefficient of thermal kukula ndi 3.3. Ikhoza kutsimikizira asidi ndi alkali, kutentha kwambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 450 ° C. Ngati mukuchita maphunziro, kutentha kwambiri kumatha kufika 550 ° C kapena kupitirira apo. Ikani pazitsulo zowunikira, makampani opanga mankhwala, ma elekitironi, zipangizo zotentha kwambiri ndi zina zotero.
Galasi la Borosilicate 3.3 lili ndi kufalikira kwabwino kwambiri pa mawonekedwe owoneka ndi mafunde a NIR omwe amagwira ntchito kuchokera ku 310nm mpaka 2700nm. Ubwino wapamtunda siwokwera ngati mitundu ya BK7.
Borosilicate galasi 3.3 ali kwambiri mankhwala ndi thermalshock kukana ndipo ali pazipita
Kutentha kogwira ntchito kwa 500 ° C kotero ndikwabwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito pamagwero opangira magetsi opangira magetsi kapena
chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha magalasi ozizira ndi otentha.
zenera la galasi la borosilicate / retangle borosilicate galasi zenera / borosilicate galasi zenera
ntchito galasi borosilicate:
Ma substrates a zokutira dielectric
Ntchito zowunikira
Zopangira zosefera za kuwala
Wafer substrates
Anodic chomangira ntchito
Biotechnology
Zithunzi za Photovoltais
Ukatswiri wa chilengedwe
Malo ovuta
Neutron absorbers
Tekinoloje yoyezera ndi sensor
Tsatanetsatane wa Phukusi:
Chonde khalani omasuka kundifunsa ngati muli ndi mafunso ena
Tsatanetsatane wa Phukusi:
Quality Choyamba, Chitetezo Chotsimikizika


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Kodi mankhwala anu amapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Zogulitsa zathu zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimakhala bwino pakati pa chitetezo ndi zochitika.
Kodi ndingapeze SAMPLE YAULERE?
Zachidziwikire, zitsanzo zilipo, chonde siyani zambiri zanu kuti mutitumizire.
Kodi mungasindikize LOGO yathu muzinthu?
Inde.we tikhoza kusindikiza chizindikiro pazinthu monga zofunikira zanu.Zojambula, laser, sitampu ndi zolembedwa zilipo.
Kodi mumavomereza dongosolo la OEM ndi ODM?
Inde, OEM / ODM zilipo, zida zachikhalidwe, mawonekedwe, mitundu, ma logo, ma CD amavomerezedwa. Ngati muli ndi malingaliro aliwonse okhudza mankhwalawa, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe!
Malipiro anu ndi otani?
Timavomereza L/C, D/P, D/A, T/T (kuphatikiza 30% deposit), Western Union, Paypal, etc.
Kodi makapu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri angasinthidwe mwamtundu wake?
Zoonadi, siliva, golidi, golide wa rose, wakuda, ndi kupaka utoto ndizofala kwambiri.
Kodi ndingaphatikize mwaulele zodulira zomwe ndikufuna?
Zoonadi, magawo anayi, magawo khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi, magawo makumi awiri ndi anayi ndi zina zotero, tonsefe tikhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zanu.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya Stainless Steel yachakudya ndi iti?
Ndi 13/0, 18/0, 18/8 kapena 18/10.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomalizidwa pamwamba zomwe mungapereke?
Kupunthwa, kupukuta pamanja, kalilole, matt, utoto wokutidwa, zokutira ndi njira zina zomaliza zomaliza.
Kodi zodula zakuda zidzazimiririka?
Infull imatenga njira yapamwamba yopangira ma electroplating, chodulira chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichizimiririka ndikukhazikika.
Pafupipafupi faq
Za mankhwala
Za zitsanzo
Za Logo
Pafupifupi nthawi yachitsanzo
Nthawi yopanga
Mtengo wa MOQ
OEM / ODM
Nthawi yoperekera
Port
Kuyika
Njira yolipirira


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Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1996, Shijiazhuang SD Company Ltd. ("SD Company") yakhala ikugulitsa ndikupanga kwa zaka zopitilira 20 ndipo pano ili ndi antchito 12 kuofesi yayikulu ku Shijiazhuang komanso ogwira ntchito oposa 200 m'mafakitole ake ogwirizana ku Hebei Province, kumtunda China.
China ituluka ndi pulani yoti ichitike posachedwa kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa mpweya wazitsulo mdziko muno, bungwe lapamwamba pamakampani atero Lachitatu. Malinga ndi China Iron and Steel Association, kusunthaku kudachitika dziko litalonjeza kuti ...
Ntchito 3,200 zaukadaulo ku Scunthorpe, Skinningrove ndi ku Teesside zatetezedwa pomaliza mgwirizano wogulitsa Britain Steel kutsogolera wopanga zitsulo ku China Jingye Group, boma lawalandira lero. Kugulitsa kumatsata zokambirana zambiri pakati pa boma, Official Re ...
Makampani awiri adayesa kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen kutenthetsa chitsulo pamalo ena ku Sweden, zomwe zitha kuthandiza kuti bizinesiyo ikhale yolimba. Kumayambiriro sabata ino Ovako, yemwe amachita bwino popanga mtundu wina wachitsulo chotchedwa engineering yaukadaulo, adati adagwirizana ndi L ...


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5 Best Maholide National ku Ulaya Nazo
(Kusinthidwa Last Pa: 04/06/2021)
mayiko a ku Ulaya chikondi maholide ku dziko lawo - makamaka zambiri za alendo. Kodi mukukonza kuwona limodzi mwa mayiko amenewa pa maholide awo national? ngati ndi choncho, pali njira zambiri agwirizane mapwando!
Inu muli ndi mwayi kwambiri kuphunzira mowonjezera za m'dzikolo mbiri. Kulandira kunyada m'dera ingachititse inu kuzindikira kuti dziko ndi anthu ake ngakhale zambiri. Tiyeni tikhale tione 5 maholide kwambiri dziko ku Ulaya:
- Nkhani zimenezi zinalembedwa kuphunzitsa za Sitima Travel ndipo anapangidwa ndi Sungani Sitima, Yotsika mtengo Phunzitsani Matikiti Website M'dziko.
Mfumukazi Birthday Official, United Kingdom
King George II anali mkulu amene anakhazikitsa mwambo wa kukondwerera tsiku la kubadwa kwa mfumu ya ku 1748. Kuyambira pamenepo, United Kingdom ali kukondwerera tsiku la kubadwa mfumu yake. Komabe, iwo asintha tsiku kangapo. Tsopano amakondwelela Mfumukazi Tsiku lobadwa lovomerezeka Loweruka lachiwiri la June. Ngati muli England pa nthawi imeneyo, inu mukhoza kuwona Mfumukazi ya Birthday perete. Mwambowu imatchedwanso Trooping mtundu.
Amsterdam Kuti Masitima London
* Chithunzi m'chifanizo Blog Mbali kwa Mfumukazi ya Official Zikondwerero Birthday
Republic Tsiku, Italy
Italy chikondwerero Republic tsiku awo pa June 2, omwe ndi mwambo anayamba mu 1946. Kuvota mokomera yothetsera boma lachifumu, Anthu aku Italiya adatsegula njira ku Republic yawo. Komabe, anapititsa tsiku chikondwerero kwa Loweruka loyamba mu June mu 1977. Iwo tinkada nkhawa kuti tsiku choyambirira anasonyeza wokwiya chuma chawo. Iwo okha anabwezeretsedwa tsiku wakale 2001. Pali wambiri zikondwerero kulalikira mu Italy pa Republic Tsiku. Chowoneka chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi flyover yochitidwa ndi Gulu Lankhondo Laku Italiya.
Tsiku National, Sweden
Asilikali a Sweden chikondwerero Tsiku National awo pa June 6. Ndi mwambo wosangalatsawu dziko lonse. Iwo anakhazikitsa Flag Tsiku awo chikondwerero mu 1916, ndipo tsopano ndi tsiku zosangalatsa. Pali nyimbo zoimbaimba, zikondwerero, ndipo zosiyanasiyana mutha kufika. Ndi tsiku pamene asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda latsopano mwalamulo kupeza ufulu wawo. Sweden ikuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense akumva kulandiridwa pa Tsiku la Mbendera!
Bastille Tsiku, France
Pamene izo zifika pa French, tsiku lawo kunyada fuko ndi pa July 14. M'pamene tsiku la asilikali ake a Bastille. Icho chinali chochitika chofunika mu French kuukira boma mu 1789. Pakhala perete nkhondo Khirisimasi pafupifupi chaka kuchokera 1880. Ndi anaona kuti taonani! Komabe, pali ambiri a zikondwelelo zina kuona komanso. Bastille Tsiku ndi nthawi yabwino kukhala mu France, ndi bwino mu Paris.
Tsiku National, Switzerland
Swiss National Tsiku ndi August 1. Imakondwerera tsiku lomwe makhonsolo atatu oyambitsa a Switzerland mogwirizana 1291. The Swiss kutenga Tsiku National yofunika. M'modzi mwa zochitika zazikulu ndi kulankhula ku Chancellor kapena akuluakulu ena lolemekezeka. Kulinso perete mu Zurich. Mukhoza kupezeka chikondwerero mizinda ina ndi midzi komanso. Mwachitsanzo, chikondi Swiss awo kumidzi obisika holide. Masewerera a Ski pogwiritsa ndi wina choyamba kalasi malo kukhala pa Tsiku la National.
atchuthi mu Europe ndi nthawi kwambiri kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya mtundu inu kuyendera. Ndi nthawi komanso tsiku wodzazidwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndi parades.
Kufuna tchuthi ku Ulaya pa imodzi ya zikondwerero zimenezi National? Buku Sitima Yanu Matikiti ndi kusangalala!
Kodi mukufuna kuti muyike wathu blog positi 5 Best Maholide National ku Ulaya n'kufika malo anu? mutha kutenga zithunzi ndi zolemba zathu ndikungotipatsa mbiri ndi ulalo wa positi iyi. Kapena dinani apa: https://iframely.com/embed/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.saveatrain.com%2Fblog%2Fbest-national-holidays-europe%2F%3Flang%3Dny- (Mpukutu pansi pang'ono kuona Ikani Code)
- Ngati mukufuna kukhala wachifundo kwa owerenga anu, mukhoza kuwatsogolera mwachindunji ku tsamba lathu kufufuza. Mu kugwirizana, mudzapeza maulendo athu otchuka sitima – https://www.saveatrain.com/routes_sitemap.xml. Mkati muli limasonyeza wathu masamba ankafika English, koma tirinso https://www.saveatrain.com/de_routes_sitemap.xml ndipo mungathe kusintha / de A ku / es kapena / ndi zambiri m'zinenero.


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Masewera a mafoni, mapiritsi, zotonthoza ndi ma PC ndi njira yabwino yopititsira nthawi. Masewerawa amapereka zochitika zosiyanasiyana komanso zosangalatsa pazokonda zonse.
ndi masewera apafoni Iwo ndi abwino ngati mukuyang'ana njira yosangalalira popita. Masewerawa nthawi zambiri amakhala osavuta, kotero kuti luso lapamwamba silifunikira kuti muthe kusewera. Ena mwa masewera otchuka kwambiri ndi aja njira, ulendo, kuthamanga ndi puzzles. Masewerawa ndi osangalatsa komanso amakupatsani zovuta kuyesa luso lanu.
ndi masewera a mapiritsi ndi zosangalatsa, ngakhale penapake zovuta kuposa masewera mafoni. Masewerawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo mawonekedwe ake amakhala abwinoko. Ena mwa masewera otchuka kwambiri pamapiritsi ndi a njira, ulendo, masewera, kuthamanga ndi puzzles.
ndi masewera amatonthoza Ndiwo njira yabwino kwambiri kwa osewera odziwa zambiri. Ma consoles awa amapereka zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri ndi masewera osangalatsa kwambiri. Osewera amatha kusangalala ndi masewera osiyanasiyana kuyambira kuchitapo kanthu, ulendo, masewera, kuthamanga ndi zina zambiri.
ndi masewera a PC Amakhalanso abwino kwa osewera odziwa zambiri. Masewerawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo zithunzi zake zimakhala zabwinoko kuposa zotonthoza. Ena mwa masewera otchuka kwambiri pa PC ndi awa njira, ulendo, masewera, kuthamanga ndi puzzles. Pomaliza, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamasewera pazokonda zonse ndi luso.
Pulatifomu iliyonse imapereka zokumana nazo pamasewera osiyanasiyana, zithunzi, ndi zovuta. Chifukwa chake, zilizonse zomwe mungasankhe, pali masewera omwe ali abwino kwa inu. Sangalalani kusewera!


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Mtundu wa euphorbia umapangidwa ndi mitundu ingapo yazomera: herbaceous, mitengo ndi zitsamba. Imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Euphorbia suzannae, yomwe ndi yokoma imatha kulimidwa m'minda yotentha, yotentha kapena yotentha.
Mukapita ku nazale mukazipeza pa alumali pomwe ali ndi cacti ndi zokometsera, chifukwa chake zidzakhala zosavuta kuti mupeze. Zowonjezera, ili ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuzindikirika mosavuta, monga tionere pansipa.
Zotsatira
Chiyambi ndi mawonekedwe a Euphorbia suzannae
La Euphorbia suzannae Ndi herbaceous wobiriwira komanso wobiriwira zimayambira ku South Africa. Imasowa minga; Komabe, imatetezedwa ndi ma spike ofinya, koma osadandaula samapweteketsa. Kutalika kwathunthu kwa chomeracho ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10-20, ngakhale muyenera kudziwa kuti amapanga magulu pafupifupi 20-25 masentimita mulifupi.
Maluwa ake amamasula masika, ndipo amakhala achikaso. Amachokera pamwamba pa zimayambira. Koma chifukwa cha izi muyenera nyengo kuti ikhale yotentha, apo ayi zikhala zovuta kuti mutero.
Kodi mumadzisamalira bwanji?
Ndi chomera chomwe imawoneka bwino m'makina okhathamira ndi zokometsera zina zazing'ono, komanso mumphika waukulu komanso wotsika patebulo. Kukula kwake sikukuthamanga kwambiri, motero sikuyenera kuyikidwanso pafupipafupi, popeza tikulankhulanso za euphorbia yomwe sikukula kwambiri.
Komanso, muyenera kudziwa izi oyenera iwo omwe akhala akusamalira okoma kwa kanthawi kochepa ndipo amafuna mitundu ya zamoyo yosavuta kumera. Imalimbana ndi chilalacho, kotero kuti mutha kupita kutchuthi masiku angapo kuyambira, mukadzabweranso, mudzachipeza monga momwe mudawonera nthawi yapita.
Koma nthawi zina mavuto amatha kubwera, ndiye njira yabwino kuposa kukhala ndi wowongolera omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa zonse zomwe zikuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino:
Malo
Tikafika kunyumba ndi zokoma zanu muyenera kuziyika mchipinda momwe mumakhala kuwala kochuluka, kapena panja pamthunzi pang'ono. Chosankha ndi chanu, koma tikupangira kuti muzimere m'nyumba ngati muli chisanu m'dera lanu; ngakhale ndizosangalatsa kukhala nazo kunja masika ndi chilimwe, komanso m'nyumba m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira.
Nthaka kapena gawo lapansi
La Euphorbia suzannae ndi chomera chomwe sichikonda matope. Pachifukwa ichi, Iyenera kubzalidwa mu dothi lowala, lamchenga lomwe limasefa madzi mwachangu. M'nthaka yolimba kwambiri ma granite omwe amawapanga amayandikana kwambiri, motero mpweya suyenda bwino. Ndipo ili ndi vuto la mizu, chifukwa amatha kufa atakanidwa.
Ngati mwasankha kuti mukhale nawo mumphika, nkofunikanso kuti muzilingalira zomwe tangotchulazi. Pali magawo omwe ali abwino pachomera, koma pali ena ambiri omwe sali. Sankhani imodzi yopepuka ndipo imakhala ndi pearlite, monga izi, idzawongolera kuzika mizu kwa euphorbia; osati choncho ngati ili ndi peat yakuda kwambiri.
Kuthirira
Zosowa. Muyenera kuthirira pang'ono kuti chomeracho chisafe. Zambiri kapena zochepa, zimachitika kawiri pamlungu nthawi yachilimwe, ndi chaka chotsalira pokhapokha mudzawona kuti nthaka yauma kwambiri. Inde, muyenera kukhala osamala makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, makamaka ngati kumagwa mvula pafupipafupi komanso / kapena ngati chinyezi ndichokwera kwambiri. M'malo mwake, zitha kukhala zabwino kwa iye kuthirira kamodzi patsiku lililonse la 15, kapena ngakhale 20 aliwonse.
Koma samalani: kuti muyenera kuthirira pang'ono sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kuthira madzi pang'ono. Palibe chowonjezera. Pankhani yothirira nthawi zonse mumayenera kuthira madzi mpaka nthaka itanyowa kwambiri; ndiye kuti, mpaka itatuluka ikusefedwa ndikulowetsedwa, kuti ithe kutuluka kudzera mumabowo amphika.
Wolembetsa
M'ngululu ndi chilimwe zitha kulipiridwa ndi kompositi kapena feteleza aliyense wokoma. Zamadzimadzi zimalangizidwa makamaka ngati chomeracho chaphikidwa (monga izi), popeza mwanjira imeneyi zotsatira zake zidzawonekera kale poyamwa mofulumira.
M'malo mwake, ngati ikhale pansi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wambiri kapena ufa. Tsatirani malangizo a wopanga, motero sipadzakhala zovuta zowona.
Kuchulukitsa
Imachulukitsa ndi mbewu, ndipo nthawi zina imadulidwanso, ngakhale ndizovuta kuzika. Mulimonsemo, zimachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Thirani
La Euphorbia suzannae Ndi crass yomwe idzafunika kusintha pang'ono paphiri pamoyo wake wonse: pokhapokha akagula, komanso kawiri kapena katatu koposa. Mphika uyenera kukhala ndi mabowo pansi pake, chifukwa njirayi mukamwetsera madzi imatha kutuluka. Mwanjira imeneyi, imapewa kuwola.
Kukhazikika
Amamva kuzizira. Sayenera kusungidwa panja ngati igwera pansi pa 15ºC.
Kodi mumadziwa fayilo ya Euphorbia suzannae?


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Lumikizanani ndi katswiri wathu wotsogolera, whatsapp: +8615375908767
Pakalipano, vuto lalikulu laumisiri lazitsulo zowunikira za LED ndi vuto la kutentha kwa kutentha
Kuwonongeka koyipa kwa kutentha kumabweretsa magetsi oyendetsa magetsi a LED ndi ma electrolytic capacitors, omwe asanduka bolodi lalifupi kuti apititse patsogolo zowunikira za LED, komanso chifukwa chakukalamba msanga kwa magwero a kuwala kwa LED.
Mu chiwembu nyali ntchito LV LED kuwala gwero, chifukwa LED kuwala gwero ntchito mu voteji otsika (VF = 3.2V), mkulu panopa (IF = 300 ~ 700mA) ntchito boma, kutentha ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, ndi danga chikhalidwe nyali ndi yopapatiza ndi yaing'ono malo.Ndikovuta kuti radiator ichotse kutentha mwachangu kwambiri.Ngakhale kuti njira zosiyanasiyana zochepetsera kutentha zatengedwa, zotsatira zake siziri zokhutiritsa, ndipo zakhala vuto losasinthika kwa magetsi a LED.Kusaka zinthu zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zopangira thermally, komanso zotsika mtengo zochotsera kutentha kumakhala panjira.
Pakalipano, gwero la kuwala kwa LED litayatsidwa, pafupifupi 30% ya mphamvu yamagetsi imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yowunikira, ndipo zina zonse zimasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha.Chifukwa chake, ndiye ukadaulo wofunikira wa kapangidwe ka nyali ya LED kutumiza kunja mphamvu zambiri zotentha posachedwa.Mphamvu ya kutentha iyenera kutayidwa kudzera mu conduction ya kutentha, convection ya kutentha ndi ma radiation ya kutentha.Pokhapokha potumiza kutentha kwanthawi yayitali komwe kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono mu nyali ya LED kungathe kuchepetsedwa bwino, magetsi amatha kutetezedwa kuti asagwire ntchito kwanthawi yayitali kwambiri, komanso kukalamba msanga kwa gwero la kuwala kwa LED chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali. -nthawi yogwira ntchito yotentha kwambiri imatha kupewedwa.
Kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa magetsi a LED
Ndi chifukwa chakuti gwero la kuwala kwa LED palokha lilibe kuwala kwa infrared ndi ultraviolet, kotero kuwala kwa LED komweko kulibe ntchito yowonongeka kwa kutentha.Radiator ayenera kukhala ndi ntchito za kutentha conduction, kutentha convection ndi kutentha ma radiation.
Radiyeta iliyonse, kuwonjezera pakutha kuyendetsa mwachangu kutentha kuchokera ku gwero la kutentha kupita pamwamba pa radiator, makamaka imadalira pa convection ndi radiation kuti iwononge kutentha mumlengalenga.Kuwongolera kutentha kumangothetsa njira yotumizira kutentha, pamene kutentha kwa kutentha ndi ntchito yaikulu ya radiator.Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi malo otenthetsera kutentha, mawonekedwe, ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu ya convection yachilengedwe, ndipo kutentha kwa kutentha ndi gawo lothandizira chabe.
Nthawi zambiri, ngati mtunda wochokera ku gwero la kutentha kupita kumtunda wozama ndi wochepera 5mm, ndiye bola ngati matenthedwe azinthuzo ndi wamkulu kuposa 5, kutentha kumatha kutayidwa, ndi zina zonse za kutentha. iyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi convection yotentha.
Magwero ambiri owunikira a LED amagwiritsabe ntchito mikanda ya nyali ya LED yotsika (VF = 3.2V), yamakono (IF=200-700mA) mikanda ya nyali ya LED.Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito, zotayira za aluminiyamu zokhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Nthawi zambiri pamakhala ma radiator a aluminiyamu otayika, ma radiator a aluminiyamu otuluka, ndi ma radiator osindikizidwa.Die-casting aluminiyamu radiator ndi ukadaulo wa zida zoponya kufa.Madzi a zinc-copper-aluminiyamu aloyi amatsanuliridwa mu doko la chakudya cha makina oponyera kufa, ndiyeno kufa-kuponyedwa ndi makina oponyera kufa kuti aponyere rediyeta mawonekedwe otanthauzidwa ndi nkhungu yopangidwa kale.
Die-cast aluminium heat sink
Sink Yotentha ya Aluminium Yowonjezera
Aluminiyamu yamadzimadzi imatulutsidwa kudzera mukufa kosakhazikika, ndiyeno bar imadulidwa mu radiator ya mawonekedwe ofunikira ndi makina, ndipo mtengo wa post-processing ndi wokwera kwambiri.Zipsepse zoziziritsa zimatha kukhala zoonda kwambiri, ndipo malo ochotsera kutentha amakulitsidwa kwambiri.Zipsepse zoziziritsa zikamagwira ntchito, mpweya umapangidwa kuti uzitha kufalitsa kutentha, ndipo mphamvu yotulutsa kutentha imakhala yabwinoko.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi AL6061 ndi AL6063.
Sinki yotentha ya Aluminium yosindikizidwa
Ndikokhomerera ndi kukweza mbale zazitsulo ndi aluminiyamu pokhomerera makina ndi nkhungu kuti zikhale ma radiator okhala ngati chikho.Mphepete mwa mkati ndi kunja kwa ma radiator osindikizira ndi osalala, ndipo malo otenthetsera kutentha amakhala ochepa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mapiko.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi aluminiyumu alloy 5052, 6061, ndi 6063. Ubwino wa zigawo zosindikizira ndizochepa ndipo mlingo wogwiritsira ntchito zinthu ndi wapamwamba, womwe ndi njira yotsika mtengo.
Kutenthetsa kwa radiator ya aluminiyamu ndi yabwino, ndipo ndikoyeneranso kusinthira kwapayekha nthawi zonse.Pazigawo zamagetsi zomwe sizili pawokha, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale magetsi a AC ndi DC, magetsi okwera kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri kudzera pamapangidwe amagetsi kuti adutse chiphaso cha CE kapena UL.
Sinki yotentha ya aluminiyamu yokhala ndi pulasitiki
Ndi radiator yopangira kutentha ya pulasitiki ya aluminiyamu pachimake.Pulasitiki yopangira thermally ndi chitsulo chosungunula kutentha kwa aluminiyumu amapangidwa pamakina opangira jakisoni nthawi imodzi, ndipo pachimake chotenthetsera kutentha kwa aluminiyamu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lophatikizidwa ndipo limayenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale.Kutentha kwa nyali ya nyali ya LED kumasamutsidwa mwachangu ku pulasitiki yopangira thermally kudzera pachimake chotenthetsera kutentha kwa aluminiyamu, ndipo pulasitiki yotulutsa thermally imagwiritsa ntchito mapiko ake angapo kuti ipange kutentha kwa mpweya, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito pamwamba pake kuti iwunikire mbali ya kutentha.
Ma radiator opangidwa ndi pulasitiki opangidwa ndi aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoyambirira ya mapulasitiki otenthetsera, oyera ndi akuda, ndi ma radiator apulasitiki akuda okhala ndi pulasitiki amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zowononga kutentha.Thermally conductive pulasitiki ndi zinthu thermoplastic.The fluidity, kachulukidwe, kulimba ndi mphamvu zakuthupi ndi zosavuta jekeseni akamaumba.Ili ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kuzizira komanso kutentha kwamphamvu komanso kutsekemera kwabwino kwambiri.Kutulutsa mpweya kwa mapulasitiki opangira thermally ndikwabwino kuposa zitsulo wamba.
Kachulukidwe ka pulasitiki yopangira thermally ndi 40% yaying'ono kuposa ya aluminiyamu yakufa-cast ndi zoumba, ndipo kulemera kwa aluminiyamu yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mawonekedwe omwewo a radiator;poyerekeza ndi ma radiator onse a aluminiyamu, mtengo wokonza ndi wotsika, kadulidwe kake ndi kochepa, ndipo kutentha kwapakati kumakhala kochepa;Chomalizidwacho sichosavuta kuswa;makina opangira jekeseni omwe ali ndi kasitomala amatha kupanga mawonekedwe osiyanitsidwa ndi kupanga nyali.Radiyeta ya aluminiyamu yokhala ndi pulasitiki imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yotchinjiriza ndipo ndiyosavuta kutsata malamulo achitetezo.
High matenthedwe madutsidwe pulasitiki kutentha lakuya
High matenthedwe madutsidwe pulasitiki rediyeta wakula mofulumira posachedwapa.Radiyeta ya pulasitiki yotentha kwambiri ndi radiator ya pulasitiki yonse.Kutentha kwake ndikokwera kambirimbiri kuposa mapulasitiki wamba, kufika 2-9w/mk.Ili ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zoyendetsera kutentha komanso kutentha kwa radiation.;Mtundu watsopano wazitsulo ndi zowonongeka zowonongeka zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu nyali zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi, ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyali za LED kuchokera ku 1W mpaka 200W.
Integrated photothermal module kutentha dissipation
Kuphatikizidwa ndi teknoloji yopangira ma CD atatu-dimensional ya gwero la kuwala kwa K-COB ndi teknoloji yodzisangalatsa yosintha kutentha kwa kutentha, gawo lophatikizika la photothermal limapangidwa.Mkuwa wopanda mpweya wabwino kwambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira, ndipo mphamvu yotengera kutentha imatha kufika 300,000 w/mk, yomwe ndi yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi.Fast superconducting zakuthupi, patented luso yunifolomu kutentha m'munsi mbale dongosolo, ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera yunifolomu kutentha ali ndi dziko amphamvu matenthedwe madutsidwe ndi kutentha dissipation mphamvu, amene amapangitsa nyali kuwala gwero moyo wautali ndi ubwino waing'ono ndi kulemera kuwala.Kutentha kwa gwero la kuwala kumasamutsidwa mwamsanga kumalo aliwonse otentha kuti azitha kutembenuka kwa kutentha ndi malo ozungulira, kuti akwaniritse kuzizira kofulumira, komwe kuli kofanana ndi kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kali ndi tchipisi ta LED.
K-COB LED CHIPS
Kuphatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo wapawiri wapawiri kutentha kwa gwero lounikira lokha, magwero awiri akulu otentha a gwero la kuwala kwa LED, Chip cha LED ndi njira yayikulu yotentha ya ceramic phosphor, amasiyanitsidwa.Kuyala, komanso kudzera mu dongosolo loyenera la chip, chodabwitsa cha kulumikizana kwamafuta kumatha kupewedwa bwino, potero kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chip, ndipo ukadaulo wa K-COB wonyamula gwero la kuwala wapangidwa, potero kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wa kuwala kwa LED. gwero.
MUKUFUNA KUDZIWA ZAMBIRI ZAMBIRI?
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-10-2022


text:
Lingaliro lapangidwe la mobile Jaw crushing station limagwirizana kwathunthu ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zakuphwanyidwa kwa mafoni, ndi zopinga zakuphwanya malo, chilengedwe ndi kasinthidwe koyambira kwa makasitomala akuphwanya.Amapatsa makasitomala zida zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo zophwanyidwa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafuna ntchito zosamukira, monga migodi, zinyalala zomanga, zitsulo, mafakitale a mankhwala, zipangizo zomangira, kusungirako madzi ndi hydropower.Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kutengera mafomu osinthira osiyanasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi kukula kwa zida zokonzedwa komanso zofunikira za zida zomalizidwa
Chomera chonse chophwanyira nsagwada chimapangidwa ndi nsagwada, feeder, conveyor lamba, kubwezeretsa chitsulo, hydraulic ship frame, belt conveyor, motor and control cabinet.
Zipangizozo zimayendetsedwa mofanana kupita ku chophwanya nsagwada kudzera mu feeder.Pambuyo pophwanya nsagwada kupanga kuphwanya koyambirira, zida zomalizidwa zimatulutsidwa ndi conveyor kuti aziphwanya mosalekeza.Malo ophwanyira nsagwada amatha kuchotsa chinsalu chogwedezeka malinga ndi zomwe akufunikira kuti azindikire kuphwanyidwa koyambirira kwa zipangizo.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zophwanya, ndipo ntchitoyo ndiyosavuta komanso yosinthika.
1. Mapangidwe amtundu wa sitima yapamadzi amatengedwa, ndikuyenda, chassis yamagalimoto apamwamba, utali wozungulira wocheperako, komanso wokhala ndi shaft yowongolera, yomwe imatha kuzindikira ntchito yosamutsa yaulere.
2. Mafuta ndi magetsi amitundu iwiri-cholinga, jenereta ya dizilo ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za makasitomala osiyanasiyana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito.
3. Chombo chachitsulo chachitsulo cha sitimayo chimatengedwa kuti chipangitse kupanikizika kwa siteshoni yophwanyira mafoni kukhala yunifolomu, kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. siteshoni
4. Mapangidwe a chithandizo cha hydraulic amachititsa kuti malo ophwanyira mafoni akhale omveka bwino.Chimangocho sichimangowonjezera kukhazikika kwa siteshoni yam'manja, komanso imathandizira kwambiri kusalala kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito
5. Ikhoza kuzindikira kuchokera ku ntchito imodzi kupita ku mapulogalamu angapo pa intaneti.Kupyolera mu kusanja kophatikizana komanso mwadongosolo, malo onsewa ndi omveka komanso osakanikirana, malo ogwirira ntchito amapulumutsidwa, mavuto monga mzere wautali kwambiri komanso wotakata kwambiri amapewa, ndipo zosowa zosiyanasiyana za makasitomala zimakwaniritsidwa.
PA NKHANI
PEW SERIES
1. Mapangidwe amtundu wa sitima yapamadzi amatengedwa, ndikuyenda, chassis yamagalimoto apamwamba, utali wozungulira wocheperako, komanso wokhala ndi shaft yowongolera, yomwe imatha kuzindikira ntchito yosamutsa yaulere.
2. Mafuta ndi magetsi amitundu iwiri-cholinga, jenereta ya dizilo ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za makasitomala osiyanasiyana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito.
3. Chombo chachitsulo chachitsulo cha sitimayo chimatengedwa kuti chipangitse kupanikizika kwa siteshoni yophwanyira mafoni kukhala yunifolomu, kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. siteshoni
4. Mapangidwe a chithandizo cha hydraulic amachititsa kuti malo ophwanyira mafoni akhale omveka bwino.Chimangocho sichimangowonjezera kukhazikika kwa siteshoni yam'manja, komanso imathandizira kwambiri kusalala kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito
5. Ikhoza kuzindikira kuchokera ku ntchito imodzi kupita ku mapulogalamu angapo pa intaneti.Kupyolera mu kusanja kophatikizana komanso mwadongosolo, malo onsewa ndi omveka komanso osakanikirana, malo ogwirira ntchito amapulumutsidwa, mavuto monga mzere wautali kwambiri komanso wotakata kwambiri amapewa, ndipo zosowa zosiyanasiyana za makasitomala zimakwaniritsidwa.
PA NKHANI
PEW SERIES