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Ko Tā Āpirana Ngata tētahi o ngā tangata tino rongonui o te motu. Ka mahi tahi ia me ngā rangatira o te motu me ō rātou iwi. Koia te mema Māori mō te Tai Rāwhiti, ā, ka rapu ia i te pūtea kawanatanga hei tautoko i te whakatipu whenua Māori. Ko tōna tino hiahia ko te whakakaha ake i ngā hapori Māori me te whakatairanga ake i ngā tikanga Māori.
Ko Te Araroa o Te Tai Rāwhiti te wāhi i whānau mai ai a Āpirana Turupa Ngata i te 3 o Hūrae 1874. He hononga ōna ki ngā kaiārahi o Ngāti Porou. Ko ētahi o ngā hapū ake o Āpirana ko Te Whānau-a-Te Ao, ko Ngāti Rangi, ko Te Whānau-a-Karuai me Ngāti Rākairoa. Na, ko tōna pāpā, ko Paratene Ngata he tangata whiwhi toa, he kaipāmu kaikaha, he āteha nō te Kōti Whenua Māori, ā, he tohunga ruānuku ki ngā tikanga a tōna iwi. Na, ki te taha ki tōna pāpā, ka noho a Rāpata (Rōpata) Wahawaha hai tipuna kēkē ki a ia. I te wā o ngā whawhai o te tekau tau atu i 1860, nā Rāpata i ārahi te ope taua o Ngāti Porou ki te tautoko i te Karauna. He tino kaha rawa atu te awe o ngā tāngata ngātahi nei i runga i a Āpirana Ngata, ā, he wā a ia e noho ana i te kāinga o Rāpata. I a ia e ora ana, i piri pūmau ia ki te kaupapa ngākau pono o ngā koroua tokorua nei, ki te Karauna me te emepaea. He tamāhine tana kōkā a Kāterina Naki (Ēnoka) nā tētahi Kōtimana, nā Āpera Ēnoka (Abel Knox), he tangata haere noa. Ko te kī a Ngata, i puta ake i ōna kāwai Pākehā āna tikanga whakatepe, ēngari i tua atu i tērā, ehara taua taha ōna i te mea nui rawa ki a ia. Ko te mea nui kē ake ki a ia ko te wā kē o tōna whanaketanga hai Māori, me tōna tipunga ake ki te kōrero Māori i raro i te tiaki matatū a Paratene rāua ko Rāpata. Otiia, ka nonoi tonu te tokorua nei kia whakaakona a ia ki ngā mātauranga me ngā mōhiotanga o te Pākehā, hai hurihanga māna hai painga mō Ngāti Porou me te iwi Māori whānui tonu.
Ka eke ōna tau ki te rima, ka tīmata tana haere ki te Kura Māori o Waiomatatini. Kāore i ārikarika te kaha o te wā kāinga ki te tautoko i te kura, ā, ko Paratene tonu rāua ko Rāpata ngā kaiārahi. I te paunga o te whā tau ka tukuna a Ngata ki te Kāreti o Te Aute. I raro i te tumuaki, i a Te Tātana (John Thornton), ka akona ngā tauira ki ngā reo tawhito o ngā iwi o Rōma me Kariki; whakatakahia ana rātau mō te whakamātautau mō te whare wānanga me ngā mahi umanga. Heoi, nā Te Tātana rātau i whakahauhau kia tū whakahī ā-iwi, kia whaona rātau ki te kaupapa whakaora i ō rātau iwi i ngā tukitukitanga o ngā tikanga pāpori, me te mea e matakuria ana i taua wā, arā, me te ngaronga o te iwi ki te korehāhā. He ākonga ihumanea a Ngata i āna mahi katoa.
Nō ngā rā i a ia e tauira ana i tīmata tana whāwhā i ngā take e pā ana ki te iwi Māori, me tana whakamātau ki te tū hai kaiārahi. I ngā tau o 1891–92 ka takahia e rātau ko Rēweti Kōhere mā te nuku o Ngāti Porou ki te kauwhau haere i ngā kōrero e pā ana ki te whakatikatika i te hauora. Ko ētahi iwi kāre i rata mai ki aua kauwhau. I te kōpīpī tonu ngā whakaaro o Ngata, ā, kāre anō kia tino mauru noa ōna mōhio noa ki ngā raruraru o tōna iwi. Kātahi te mahi a te taitama pēnei i a ia nei ki te tuma i ngā kaiārahi pakeke.
Nō te paunga o te waru tau i Te Aute ka riro mai i a Ngata te tikanga ki te whakauru ki te whare wānanga. Nā te tino pai o ana māka ka whakawhiwhia a ia ki te Karahipi Mākarini; nā reira nei a ia i āhei ai ki te ako i te whare wānanga i Ōtautahi (Christchurch), arā, ki te Kāreti o Waitaha (Canterbury College). I akona ngātahitia e ia i konei ngā kaupapa o te mātauranga pūkenga me te ture. Nō te tau 1893, ka riro mai i a ia te tohu paetahi (BA), ko te pūtaiao tōrangapū te tāhuhu o taua tohu (taihoa ake, ka riro mai tana tohu paerua MA). Na, i neke atu a ia ki Ākarana (Auckland), ā, i whakaūngia ia i reira hai rōia ki te umanga rōia, ki a Devore me Cooper. I te tau 1896, ka tutuki i a ia tana tohu paetahi ture (LLB). Ko ia te Māori tuatahi i oti i a ia he tohu mātauranga i tētahi whare wānanga i Aotearoa nei.
I tēnei wā, he taitama ātaahua, he taitama turipū a Ngata. He poto te tapahinga i ōna makawe, ā, tau ana tana mau i te hurungutu. Pērā i tōna pāpā rā, he tangata tū poto, ēngari he tangata tino kaha. Nō te tau 1895, ka mārenatia e ia a Arihia Kane Tāmati, nō Ngāti Porou anō, i Whareponga. He mārena tōnui tēnei: o ngā tamariki 11 i ora ā pakeke noa, tokoono ngā mea wāhine, tokorima ngā mea tāne. Nō muri tata tonu mai i tōna whakamanatanga hai rōia, ka hoki rāua ko Arihia ki Te Tai Rāwhiti. I reira, ka hangaia e ia te whare whakamīharo nei a Te Wharehou i Waiomatatini (nō muri kē i karangahia ai ko The Bungalow). Mō ngā tau roa, koia nei te wāhi i paiheretia ai e Arihia te kotahitanga o te whānau, i ngā ngarongaromanga huhuatanga o Ngata ki ngā mahi tōrangapū.
Ahakoa tērā ia e rangatira i te mahi rōia, kāre i mahia e ia taua mahi. Nā ngā kupu kōhukihuki kē a Te Tātana kia whakapaingia te noho a te iwi Māori, i tahuri ai ia ki te whakapau i ōna kaha ki te whakatikatika i tō rātau āhuatanga ā-iwi, āhuatanga ohaoha hoki. I tēnei wā, kua āhua momoho ake āna mahi; nā te mea anō he rōia māraurau a ia i kaha piki ai tōna mana i waenganui i te iwi Māori. Atu i te tau 1899, ka whāia a ia kia tae atu ki ngā hui maha puta noa i te motu, ā, i puta ake i ngā nūpepa Māori āna tini tuhinga e pānui ana i ōna whakaaro mō ngā whakatikatikanga āhuatanga ā-iwi, āhuatanga ohaoha, me ngā whakawhitinga whakaaro mō te wāhi o te Māoritanga i roto i te ao hou. Puta noa i te tōmuatanga o āna mahi, ka anga ia ki te whakarīrā kia mutu ai te tiro kōtaha mai a ngā kaumātua o ngā iwi ki a ia, pērā i ērā ake anō i waho i Te Tai Rāwhiti. Nā runga i tana āhua whakahoahoa, te mārama o tana titiro, me te kaha o tana pūtohe, i tutuki ai i a ia tēnei tukunga iho.
Taro ake, ka uru atu a Ngata ki ngā mahi a Te Kotahitanga o ngā Tamariki o te Kāreti o Te Aute (Te Aute College Students' Association). I whakatūria taua rōpū i te hui tuatahi i tū i Pēpuere o 1897. Ko ia tonu te whetū mārama i taua hui; e whā ngā pepa kauwhau nāna i pānui, ā, nāna ngā whakawhitinga whakaaro o ētahi atu i ārahi. Ko 1899 te tau i noho ai ko ia te hēkeretari torotoro haere mā te Kotahitanga, ā, i ngā tau o muri mai, ko tāna he āwhina ki te whakahaere i ngā hui ā-tau.
Kua kaha haere i nāianei te warea o Ngata ki ngā take o tōna rohe. Ko ngā tūnga kaingārahu o Wahawaha me te pāpā o Ngata mō ngā mahi ahu whenua me ngā hanganga hou i te wā kāinga, i āta tukutukuna mai ki a ia. I waimarie kē atu a Ngāti Porou tēnā i ētahi atu iwi, nā te mea i mau tonu i a rātau tō rātau whenua: ahakoa i rīhitia ētahi o aua whenua pukepuke ki te Pākehā, i mau tonu i te iwi te nuinga o ō rātau whenua pai. Nō ngā rua tekau tau whakamutunga o te rau tau 1800–1899 i tīmata ai rātau ki te pāmu hipi i raro i a Wahawaha rāua ko Paratene Ngata. Nā te taitama nei, nā Ngata i whakawhānui ake tēnei tū mahi. Tau rawa atu ki 1916, 156 ngā māpu hipi a Ngāti Porou, ā, hui katoa 180,919 ngā hipi. He nui ngā moni whakangao i pau i a rātau ki te whakapai ake i ngā pātītī, i ngā whare me ngā utauta, me ētahi mīhini kuti hipi hoki. Ēngari i tūpato te pupuri a Ngata kei kaitā rawa ā rātau nama. Ko ngā utu nunui tonu e riro mai ana i ngā wūru a Ngāti Porou.
Riro ana i a ia ngā mahi a ōna pakeke, ā, nāna i neke whakamua te mahi ki te whakaahu i te kaupapa kaporeihana. Ko tā tēnei, he waiho i te taitara ki te iwi, ēngari i wehewehea kētia te pāmu i te whenua, kia taki whai hua ai ia wāhangahanga; ka tāuteutetia ngā kaiwhakahaere (he Pākehā i ētahi wā), ā, ko ngā kaiwhiwhi o te wā kāinga i tāuteutetia hei kaimahi pāmu. I utua anō hoki ngā kaimahi ki te hua moni o ngā hua whakamau. Nō te tau 1903, i taka mai te whakahaere o ngā kaporeihana ki ngā kaunihera whenua Māori. I taua wā anō, ko Ngata tēnā e whakamātautau ana i tētahi tikanga whakatikatika whenua anō, i waihangatia hai whakamutu i te nui rawa o te mahi wāwāhi i ngā taitara. Koia nei te hua o ngā mahi whakatakitahi a ngā Ture Whenua Māori me te Kōti Whenua Māori mō ngā tekau tau e hia kē nei. Na, ka tīmata a Ngata ki te whakawhiti, me te whakatōpū i ngā maramara whenua takitahi, ka pātata tahi ai te takoto o te whenua. I tīmataria aua mahi i te poraka o Waipiro i Te Tai Rāwhiti i te tau 1911. Taro ake, ka whakamahia taua kaupapa nei ki ētahi atu o ngā whenua o Ngāti Porou, puta atu ki ngā rohe o ērā atu matawaka.
Ahakoa e tino mārama ana ki a Ngata te mate o te taumaha rawa o te nama, i mōhio tonu ia me āhei tonu ngā rangatira Māori o ngā whenua kia whiwhi i ngā moni nama hai whakapai i ō rātau whenua. Ko tāna i whakapono ai, arā, kia tangohia e rātau te tūnga o ngā kamupene kaituku moni nama mō ngā mahi pāmu, kia riro ai mā rātau tonu e whakahaere ā rātau mahi moni nama, me te mākete anō i ā rātau hua whenua. Nō te tau 1912, ka tīmataria e ia tētahi kamupene mahi tahi mō ngā kaipāmu o Waiapu (Waiapu Farmers' Co-operative Company). Ko te Kaporeihana o ngā kaiwhiwhi pāmu o Ngāti Porou te kaiwhiwhi, ā, nā rātau ngā moni tuarā. Ko Te Whānau-a-Apanui me Ngāi Tai anō ētahi o ngā kaipuri hea. Tekau mā rua mano pāuna te rahi o te koha tuatahi nāna i tīmata. Hai hāpai i ngā mahi pāmu kaikaha me te whakahoutanga i te mana whenua, honoa ana e Ngata tana tino mōhio ki te mahi pāmu ki tana mākohakoha ki te ture. Nāna i whakapau tana kaha ki te whakaatu, arā, mā te tōtika o te ako, o ngā kaiārahi me ngā kaiwhakahaere, ka pērā i te Pākehā rā te momoho o te pāmu a te Māori i ōna whenua. Ahakoa kai roto o Ngāti Porou te tīmatanga mai o āna whakahoutanga katoa, i kaha tonu a Ngata ki te whakahauhau i ērā o ngā iwi ki te whai i te ara kua takahia nei e rātau, e Ngāti Porou.
E paneke whakamua ana anō hoki a Ngata i roto i ngā take o te motu whānui nā te hoahoatanga o rāua ko Timi Kara (James Carroll). Mai i te tau 1892, he minita a Kara nō te kāwanatanga Rīpera (Liberal), ā, nō te mutunga o 1899, ko ia te minita mō ngā take Māori. E rua ngā ture whakahirahira nā Ngata i āwhina a Kara ki te waihanga. I hangaia ngātahitia kia rahi ake te whai wāhi atu o te Māori ki te whakahaere i ā rātau take. Ko te Ture Whakahaere i ngā Whenua Māori (Native Lands Administration Act) 1900, te ture nāna i whakarato te kaupapa e taea ai te whakatū ngā poari whenua, riro ana i ngā Māori te mana whakahaere, hai whakarite i te hokonga, i te rīhitanga rānei i ō rātau whenua. Ko te Ture Kaunihera Māori 1900 te ture nāna i whakarato ngā kaunihera i pōtitia hai whakahaere i ētahi o ngā mahi a ngā kāwanatanga ā-rohe, o ngā mahi hauora rānei. Ahakoa he whāiti noa te mana o ngā kaunihera, he ngākau whakapuke te pōwhiri a ngā hunga kāinga Māori i a rātau. Hui katoa, 19 ngā kaunihera i whakatūria. Ko te Kaunihera Māori o te Takiwā o Horouta (Horouta District Māori Council) i Te Tai Rāwhiti tonu tētahi, ā, ko Ngata tōna tiamana. Heoti, raruraru ana ētahi o ērā o ngā kaunihera. Nā te kaha nui o te ngākau whakapuke, me te ihupiro ki ngā mahi kaute tētahi wāhi rahi tonu o aua mate. Hei whakamātau ki te whakaora i ō rātau raruraru, ka whakatūria a Ngata hei kaitirotiro whakahaere i te tau 1902, ēngari, taka iho ki te tau 1904, ka makere mai a ia i taua tūnga. Nā tētahi mahi rahi kē ake nāna i whakatatū tana whakarite me hoki a ia ki te kāinga ki te whakataka i a ia.
Ko 1905 te tau i whawhaitia ai e rāua ko Wī Pere te tūru mō te Mema Pāremata o Te Tai Rāwhiti. Kua roa kē taua tūru i a Wī Pere. Ka nui ake te tautoko a Ngāti Porou i a Ngata, ā, nui ake i te 750 te whaitua o ngā pōti i te rironga o te tāhuna i a ia. He mōrehu a ia nō ngā whakatuma huhua i puta mō te tūru i noho nei ki a ia ā tau rawa ki te tau 1943. Nā tēnei ia i kīia ai i taua wā ko te 'pāpā' o te Whare Pāremata. Kāre i ārikarika te kaha o te pai o tēnei mema pāremata. He kaitautohe pūkenga, ā, i ngā wā e tū ana ia ki te kōrero, kikī ana i te tangata ngā ahurewa mātaki o te Pāremata. Pono ngākaunui ana ia ki āna mahi, ā, paparetia ana e ia te nuinga o ngā hui whakangahau i te Pāremata. He mema pukumahi nō te Komiti mō ngā Mea Māori (Native Affairs Committee), ā, kāre i roa kua noho ko ia tonu te tino mau ā-ringa o Kara. Ka mahi tahi rāua ko te kaiwhakawā matua, ko Tā Rāpata Taute (Robert Stout), i runga i te Kōmihana Whenua Māori, mai i 1907 ki 1908. He mea whakahē nā rātau te whakamahi a te kāwanatanga i tōna mana e āhei ana ko te Karauna anake hai kaihoko i te whenua Māori, ā, i raro iho i te wāriu e tika ana. Ka tūtohungia e rātau, arā, me rāhui mō ake tonu atu ngā whenua o ngā iwi he maramara toenga whenua noa iho ō rātau. Heoi, i whakaae rātau me whakahauhau ngā iwi he rawaka ngā whenua, pērā i ērā o te puku o Te Ika-a-Māui, ki te hoko, ki te rīhi rānei i ētahi o aua whenua. Ko tā rātau kupu whakamutunga, he whakahē i ngā kāwanatanga o mua mō te noho noa iho, tē tahuri atu ki te whakahauhau, ki te āwhina rānei i te iwi Māori ki te pāmu i ō rātau ake whenua.
I tahuri anō hoki a Ngata ki te āwhina i a John Salmond ki te hanga i te Ture Whenua Māori o 1909, he ritenga whakatōpūtanga tino nui. Ko te utu i whakawhiwhia ki a Ngata i taua tau anō, ko te noho hai waha mō te iwi Māori i runga i te Kaunihera Whiriwhiri (Executive Council), me tētahi tūnga ririki i roto i te rūnanga matua hai kaitiaki mō ngā kaunihera Māori. Nō te hinganga o te kāwanatanga a Tā Hōhepa Waari (Joseph Ward) i te tau 1912, ka tangohia ēnei tūnga i a ia. Nā tana pirihongo ki te rōpū Rīpera i kore ai a ia i whiwhi i tētahi tūnga minita kāwanatanga ā tae noa ki te tau 1928.
Mea ake nei kua huri kē te ara o ngā mahi a Ngata ki te Pakanga Tuatahi me ngā hua i puta i te mutunga o taua parekura. Whā tekau ngā tau o Ngata i te tīmatanga o te whawhai, ā, nā te rahi o tōna whānau i uaua ai te tuku i a ia ki te mura o te ahi. Heoi anō ko tāna he whakapau i ōna kaha ki te tautoko i ngā mahi a te iwi Māori ki te tuarā i te pakanga. Ko Māui Pōmare me ērā o ngā mema Māori o te Pāremata ōna hoa ki te whakatari Māori hai hōia, me te akiaki kia whakatōpūtia rātau – nō muri mai i te aituā o Karipori (Gallipoli) – hai ope Māori. Nā te ū o Ngāti Porou ki ā rātau tikanga ā-iwi o te noho ngākau pono ki te Karauna, i nuku kē ake tōna kaha i ētahi atu iwi ki te whakarato tūao. I mahi anō hoki a Ngata ki te whakarato whenua mō ngā hōia i hoki mai i rāwāhi, heoi, i runga i tāna i whakaae ai, he mea tango mai aua whenua i ngā poraka whenua Māori.
I te mutunga o te whawhai kore rawa he wā i tukuna e Ngata kia wareware ngā Pākehā o Aotearoa nei ki te nama a te motu ki ngā Māori nā rātau i hoatu ngā whakaritenga mahi, i hinga atu rānei i roto i te pakanga a te emepaea i runga whenua iwi kē. I a rāua ko Pōmare, tētahi o ngā minita o te kāwanatanga Riwhōma (Reform), e mahi tahi ana, ka riro mai i a Ngata te whakaae kia tirohia ngā whakamauāhara whenua Māori kua roa kē nei e koropupū ana te riri. Ko te mea whakahirahira rawa atu o ēnei ko te kōmihana uiui a te Karauna o 1927, e pā ana ki ngā whenua Māori i raupatutia i muri iho i ngā whawhai ki te Pākehā o te tekau tau atu i 1860.
Ahakoa te noho a te rōpū Riwhōma hai kāwanatanga ā tae noa ki 1928, i tino kaha rawa atu te mau o te awe o Ngata, inā rā, i te nohoanga ake ko Te Kōti (Gordon Coates) hai minita Māori i 1921, ā, hai pirimia i 1925. He tino nui te wewehi o rāua ko Te Kōti ki a rāua, ā, i ētahi wā i āhei a Ngata ki te huaki i tētahi hanganga ture, mai i tōna taha o te Whare. Ko tētahi tauira, ko te hanganga ture o 1923 hai whakatū i te Poari Whakapapa (Board of Māori Ethnological Research) me tērā o Te Poari Pupuri o te Tahua mō ngā Take Māori (Māori Purposes Fund Control Board) i 1924, hai whakahaere i ngā moni kāre i kerēmetia, i ahu mai i ngā moni rīhi whenua Māori me ētahi atu wāhi. Atu i te tau 1895, he mema a ia nō te Rōpū Porinihiana (Polynesian Society), ā, i ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1920, ka whakamahia e ia ngā rawa a ngā poari hou e rua nei hai tautoko i te Rōpū me tāna mahi tā pukapuka. Nā runga i te kakama o Ngata ka tīmataria e te Poari Whakapapa tā rātau ake kaupapa tānga pukapuka i te tōmuritanga o taua tekau tau anō, ā, ko Ngā Mōteatea, te kohikohinga waiata Māori a Ngata, me te pepa, Te Wānanga, ētahi o aua tānga rā.
Atu i tēnei wā, ka whakauruuru atu a Ngata ki te tini o ngā mahi e pā ana ki ngā mahi pāpori me ngā tikanga ā-iwi. Hai whakahauhau i ētahi o ngā momo tākaro e tākarotia ana e te hunga Māori, ka whakatūria e ia ētahi whakataetae i waenganui i ngā iwi, pērā i te Kapu a te Piriniha o Wēra mō te tākaro whutupaoro, i tētahi whakataetae tēnehi mā ngā tāne ake, mā ngā wāhine ake rānei, me te tātāwhāinga hōkī mā ngā wāhine mō te tohu Whakamaumaharatanga ki a Reiri Arihia. I whakataetaetia pērātia anō e ia ngā toi whakakitenga i waenganui i ngā iwi, arā, te haka me te poi (he taiea hoki ia ki te haka), ā, nāna i whakahauhau ngā toi whakarākai, inarā, ko ngā mahi whakairo me te tukutuku. Nā tana awe i taea ai te whakatū te kura toi Māori i Rotorua i te tau 1927, me te hanganga o ētahi whare whakairo puta noa i te motu. I noho tāpua a ia i roto i te Hāhi Mihinare, ā, nō te tau 1928, ka whakawherea e ia te Hīnota Whānui kia hangaia tētahi pīhopatanga Māori. He ātete i te tai panuku o te kaupapa Rātana tētahi wāhi o taua hanganga.
Ahakoa āna mahi e pā ana ki te noho tahi ā-iwi me te taha tikanga, i warea kē a Ngata ki te kaupapa whakatikatika whenua. I te kāinga, ka whakaritea e ia te wawaetanga o ngā whenua o Ngāti Porou i whakatōpūtia i te riu o Waiapu, kia āhei ai tōna iwi ki te miraka kau. Na, he mea tuku mā tana tama mātāmua, mā Mākarini, he paetahi nō te Kāreti o Te Aute me te kāreti ahu whenua o Hawkesbury o Niu Taute Wēra (New South Wales) o Ahitereiria, tētahi o aua pāmu e whakahaere. Ko te tūmanako o Ngata mā Mākarini e ārahi taua kaupapa hou nei o te pāmu miraka kau. He tino pai rawa atu te ahu whakamua o te pāmu a Mākarini. Me mihi tonu rā ki ngā kau i āta kōwhiria, ki ngā mīhini miraka kau hou me te whakatūnga o tētahi wheketere miraka kau, kāhui tahi, i Ruatōria (Te Rua-a-Tōrea). Rite ki ērā atu o ngā wā, arā kē noa atu te rahi o ngā whāinga e whāia ana e Ngata: hai whakahauhau i ērā atu wāhi nohoanga tāngata Māori ki te whai i te ara kua parahia nei e Ngāti Porou, ā, ki te whakawhere i te kāwanatanga ki te tautoko i te kaupapa ahu whenua Māori. Nō te tau 1922 tana angitu tuatahi ki ērā ō ngā iwi i tana whakawheretanga i a Tūhoe kia whakatōpū i ō rātau taitara. Nā runga i te kakama o Ngata ki te whakatū i ētahi rōpū kaiwhakatōpū, he rangatahi mātauranga nei te nuinga o ngā mema, hei kawe i te mahi, kāre i roa kua whakatōpū anō ētahi atu. He tīmatanga noa iho rā te whakatōpūtanga i ngā taitara; ko te mahi tuatahi tonu ko te para i ngā whenua inā kē te kaitā, i whakaīngoatia ko ngā kaupapa ahu whenua, i mua i te whakaūnga hai whenua whakataka kararehe, hai pāmu miraka kau rānei.
Tae mai ki tēnei wā, i whakawhirinaki tonu a Ngata ki ngā rawa a te Māori, arā, te hunga mahi me te moni punga ngātahi, ēngari, ko tana pīrangi kē kia āwhina mai te kāwanatanga, mehemea e hiahia ana ia kia momoho ngā mahi ahu whenua kua kaha nei te putaputa mai. Ko 1926 te tau i pōwhiritia e ia a Te Kōti ki Te Tai Rāwhiti ki te whakatuwhera i te whare karakia whakairo nui whakaharahara i Tikitiki. He tohu whakamaumaharatanga ki ngā hōia o Ngāti Porou i hinga i te pakanga. Āpiti atu, ki te whakaatu i te papai o ngā pāmu miraka kau hou o roto o te riu o Waiapu. Nā te kaha whakamīharo o Te Kōti, ka kī taurangitia ia he tahua tā te kāwanatanga mō ngā mahi ahu whenua Māori. Nō te tau 1927, ka whakanuia a Ngata ki te taitara Tā, e whai ana i muri i a Kara rāua ko Pōmare, te tino tuatahi o ngā Māori i whakanuia ki te tohu Tā i mua atu i a ia.
I Tīhema o te tau 1928, i ohotata tonu te whakatūnga i a Ngata hai minita Māori i te rironga ohoreretanga o te tāhuna o te pōti whānui, i te Rōpū Unaititi (United Party). He mea tino whakamīharo rawa atu tō rātau whiwhinga i ngā tūru nā reira nei rātau i āhei ai ki te tū hai kāwanatanga. Ko ia te minita whai mana tuatoru o te rūnanga matua, me te tiamana o ētahi komiti tiketike, ā, i ētahi wā, i noho ko ia te kairīwhi mō te pirimia. E 54 ōna tau i taua wā. He tangata ihu oneone a Ngata i ngā wā katoa. I ētahi wā, mahi ai ia i te roanga ake o te pō. Ahakoa te moe poto, te hāmoemoe noa iho rānei, ka ngata tonu tana hiahia. Nō tana urunga atu ki tana tūnga minitatanga hou, auē te mataku o ngā kaha i whakapaua e ia, ā, mahue iho ana i a ia te hunga tamariki noa ake i a ia; me kī tonu ko āna kaimahi taitaiā tonu ka mahue noa i a ia ki muri autō mai ai.
I ū tonu a Ngata ki te akiaki whakamua i ana mahi ahu whenua, whakamahia ana e ia ngā tahua a te kāwanatanga; hurihia ana e ia āna kaiwhakatōpū ki te mahi whakaahu i te whenua; whakaarahia ana e ia aua kaupapa nei puta noa i te motu – arā, ki ngā wāhi e kitea ana e ia ētahi whenua Māori e takoto kōaha ana, me te hunga kāinga e whakaae ana ki te mahi i runga. He uaua te kitea o tētahi kāre te ngākau whakapuke i a ia, nā te mea, ko te hunga kore mahi, ko te hunga rānei e mahi noa iho ana i ētahi wā, tāne, wāhine, tamariki atu, e whakawhiwhia ana ki te mahi e te kaupapa hou nei. Pērā i ngā tikanga mahi ā-ope whānau o neherā rā, koia tēnā te tikanga o te mahi a ngā wā kāinga. Ka tahuri ki te tope i te ngahere, i te taekai rānei, ki te parau, ki te rui ki te karaihe, ki te hanga taiapa, ki te uta kararehe ki runga i te whenua – i runga i te whakaaro pēnei nā, arā, ka taea te wehewehe ki rō pāmu takitahi ā muri ake nei. Mehemea e wātea mai ana ngā mīhini me ngā utauta, kāre i whakaroaroa te tono a Ngata kia mauria ake, tae atu ki ngā kaiaka mīhini hai whakatikatika. Na, hai tauira noa, arā i Horohoro, e pātata atu rā ki Rotorua, ka whakamahia e ia ngā tarakihana ki te parau, ā, ka mauria atu ko Tūmōkai Kātipa o Waikato hai tiaki kia kaha haere tonu te mahi a aua mīhini rā. Kāre i ngākau rua a Ngata ki te whakanoho i ngā rōpū o iwi kē ki runga whenua o iwi kē; hai whakahohe i te iwi kāinga te tikanga o aua rōpū. He tikanga āhua tautohetohe ki ngā iwi Māori tana whakatau kia whakanohoia a Ngāti Kahungunu ki Horohoro, me Ngāti Porou ki Tikitere, nā te mea kai te rohe kē hoki o Te Arawa aua wāhi nei.
I momoho anō hoki te mahi a Ngata ki te whakawhere i te hunga kua roa kē nei e taringa turi ana, nā te mea, i murua ō rātau whenua. Ko te mea momoho nui whakaharahara rawa atu ko te huringa mai a ngā kaitautoko o te kaupapa Kīngitanga i Waikato. Nā Ngata i whakawhere tō rātau kaiārahi hau a Te Puea, kia tū hai kaiārahi kia mahia ai ngā maramara whenua e toe mai ana ki a rātau. I whakamanahia te whakaaetanga i tētahi hui nui i tū i 1929 hai waitohu i te whakatuwheratanga i a Māhinārangi whare i Ngāruawāhia. Heoi, he aituā ngau kino te tukunga iho ki te whānau o Ngata. I taua hui, ka pāngia a Mākarini, te tama mātāmua a Ngata e te kōea, ā, i te hoa rangatira o Ngata, i a Arihia e tiaki ana i a Mākarini i te kāinga, ka pā anō hoki taua mate ki a ia. He ika paerua te parekura, nā te mea kāre i taea wawetia te tiki he rongoā tika mō rāua. Pākikini ana te ate o Ngata, ā, he wā a Ngāti Porou rāua ko Tainui e noho matakēkē ana. Heoi, nā te mau piri tonu o te wairua mahi tahi i waenganui i a Ngata rāua ko Te Puea, i ora ai ngā kaupapa ahu whenua a Te Puea. Nā Ngata i tautoko a Te Puea i te tautohetohetanga a tērā ki tētahi o ngā kaiwhakahaere Pākehā. Panaia ana ko te Pākehā, whakatūria ana ko Te Puea ki tana tūnga.
I ērā atu takiwā, kai te kaha tonu te paneke whakamua a ngā mahi ahu whenua nei. He roa tonu ngā whakaatu mai a Ngata i aua mahi i ngā rīpoata ā-tau a tōna tari, me āna reta ā-marama ki tōna hoa takatāpui, ki a Te Rangi Hīroa (Peter Buck). He tuhinga whakahirahira tana rīpoata ahu whenua Māori mō te tau 1931. Nuku kē noa atu te tiro whānui i ngā mokamoka kōrero i taua rīpoata tēnā i ērā mō ngā kaupapa ahu whenua takitahi. E whakapuaki ana taua rīpoata i te rahinga o ōna ake rapunga whakaaro, arā, o te waiho mā ngā tikanga kāwai rangatira tuku iho e ārahi ngā mahi, kia riro ai mā ngā whakataetae whakaratarata mahi ahu whenua e whakataha ngā mahi pūhaehae o mai rā anō a tētahi iwi ki tētahi. Ā, ki te whakapērā anō hoki i ngā mahi whakaakoranga, ngā mahi toi-hanganga ā-ringa, me ngā mahi tākaro. Hai tāna, he ara ēnei tū āhua whakataetae mō te whakaara anō i te whakahī me ngā tikanga ā-iwi, ā, ko tā ngā mahi ahu whenua hou he whakawātea i ētahi huarahi mā reira nei e taea ai te whakaora ngā marae tawhito, te hanga rānei i ētahi marae hou.
Hai tautoko i taua rapunga whakaaro āna, ka whakahuaina e ia ngā kōrero a te tohunga tikanga tangata e taitama ana i taua wā, a Raymond Firth, me ngā reta o taua wā anō a Te Rangi Hīroa. Ahakoa kīhai i whakangungua ōkawatia a Ngata ki te kaupapa mātauranga tikanga tangata, i a ia te hinengaro koi ki te āta tātari tika i te wāriu o taua kaupapa rā. Ahakoa tēnei, pērā i a Te Rangi Hīroa rā, i whakapono a ia kore rawa e taea e te Pākehā te mahamaha, te whatumanawa me te hinengaro o te Māori. Ēngari, ko tōna rerekētanga i a Te Rangi Hīroa, kotahi noa iho tāna i tāia ai e pā ana ki taua kaupapa, arā, ko tana pepa, 'Anthropology and the government of native races in the Pacific' (1928). Heoi, nā āna mahi ahu whenua i koiora ai te mātauranga tikanga tangata. Ehara i te mea ina oti ana, koinā te mutunga. Kao – ēngari he ara kē hai whakahou i ngā wāhi nohoanga tāngata.
Ahakoa te tautoko mai a tētahi ope iti o ētahi pūkenga Pākehā me ētahi kaitōrangapū, kore rawa te nuinga o te iwi Pākehā whānui tonu i pukuaroha atu. Ko Ngata tēnā e kōkiri tonu nā i tana kaupapa ahu whenua Māori me tana whakarahi haere i ngā whakapaunga moni kāwanatanga i te wā e horo atu ana a Aotearoa ki te pae o te kore moni, ā, ko te kāwanatanga i te tino whakaiti i ngā moni e whakapaua ki ērā atu wāhi. Nā tana hōhā ki ngā here ko Ngata tēnā e whakatau ana, i a ia e toro haere ana, mā runga waea rānei, i ngā āhuatanga huahua noa atu e pā ana ki ngā taputapu, ki ngā waka, ki ngā maniua, ki ngā kākano, ki ngā kararehe me ngā kaimahi, ā, tē taea hoki e ana āpiha o te Tari Māori te whakaoti ngā pepa o aua mahi i te tere rawa o tana haere. Ko tētahi mea anō, ko te nuinga o ngā whenua e mahia ana he whenua uaua, he whenua akeake, tae atu ki ngā whenua pungapunga o te mānia pūwhata o te puku o te ika. Kāti, kīhai i roa kua hē noa ngā awhero mō ngā mahi ahu whenua. Na, ko ngā kaiwhakawā o te Kōti Whenua Māori, kīhai anō nei kia raupā ngā ringa i ngā mahi pāmu, ko rātau ngā kaiwhakahaere o te Tari Māori, tae rawa atu hoki ki ētahi o ngā kaupapa mahi ahu whenua. Heoti, ki te tirohia ngā kaiwhakahaere a Ngata e ringa kaha ana ki te mahi, he paku noa tō rātau mōhio ki te whakatakoto mauhanga, whakatakoto kaute hoki.
Tau rawa ki te tīmatanga o 1932, ko Ngata me tana tari ēnā e tino whakahēngia ana i roto i te Pāremata me ngā nūpepa. I whakahaua a ia kia whakaaetia ngā tikanga o tana tari matua kia whakarerekētia, ēngari, kore ana e whakaaetia ngā kaute e te tumuaki me te kaitātari kaute matua. Kitea ana i ētahi o ngā tari Māori ā-rohe ētahi mahi kōtītiti kē. Hopu atu te tari o te kōmihana mō ngā kaimahi kāwanatanga, ka purua atu tētahi kaimahi kāwanatanga ki te tari matua hai whakakapi mō R. N. Jones, te kaiwhakawā matua o te Kōti Whenua Māori me te Hēkeretari hoki mō te Tari Māori. Heoi, ehara ko tēnei te mutunga o aua raruraru. I huraina i Te Tai Rāwhiti ngā mahi whakatapeha kaute a tētahi tonu o ngā kaiāwhina matua, pou whakawhirinaki a Ngata. Ka mea a Ngata ki te tuku i tana tūranga, ēngari, ehara ko tēnei te pīrangi o te pirimia, o Te Whōpi (George Forbes), whakaae kē ana ki te tono a te Komiti Kaute Tūmatanui (Public Accounts Committee) kia whakatūria tētahi kōmihana hai uiui i te āhua o ngā mahi a Ngata ki te whakahaere i tana tari me ana kaupapa ahu whenua. Nō te tau 1934, ka puta te rīpoata a te kōmihana uiui e whakahē ana i ngā tikanga whakahaere a Ngata. Mātua tonu ko te āhua o tāna ake tūmomo whakahaere me tana mahi whakahāwea i ngā rekureihana whakahau a te kāwanatanga. Me te whakapae anō ko tōna iwi o Ngāti Porou me tōna whānau tāna i mariu ai (ēngari, kīhai he whakaaturanga hai tautoko i tētahi o aua whakapae nei). Ēngari, he tika tā rātau whakaatu i ngā mahi tinihanga a ētahi o ngā kaiwhakahaere a Ngata. I runga i tōna whakaaro rangatira, ka whakaae a Ngata me uta ngā nawe ki runga i a ia, ā, i taua wā tonu tana rīhainatanga mai i te rūnanga matua o te kāwanatanga. He tino kaha rawa atu te ngau a taua takanga ōna i te iwi Māori, ā, e ai ki a rātau he hinonga tēnei nā te Pākehā hai tukituki i te angitu o ana kaupapa ahu whenua.
I purihia tonutia e Ngata tana tūru i te Pāremata, ā, nō te rironga o te kāwanatanga i a Reipa i te pōtinga o 1935, ka anga ia ki te mātakitaki i ana kaiwhakahē i te Pāremata o mua rā, e kawe tonu ana i ana kaupapa ahu whenua, ēngari, ka nui rawa atu ngā moni i whakapaua e rātau. I mutu tūturu te umanga pāremata o Ngata i tana hinganga i te tau 1943 i tana hoa tauwhāinga, i a Tiaki Ōmana (Jack Ormond), te kaiwhakataetae Rātana–Reipa mō te tūru. Ko Ngata te mema Māori whakamutunga i te Pāremata he pānga kore ōna ki te kaupapa Rātana. Nō te tau 1946 ka whakamātau anō a Ngata kia riro i a ia te tūru, ēngari, tē taea e ia. I noho kaha tonu tōna awe i a ia ka noho nei hai kaitōrangapū tuakana whai mana. Nāna a Te Pereiha (Peter Fraser) i tohutohu, ā, nō te tau 1946 ka whakatūria tērā hai minita mō ngā take Māori. He mea pērā anō nāna a Te Kōpata (E.B.Corbett) i te nohoanga o tērā hai kaiwhakahaere mō taua tari i roto i te kāwanatanga hou o te Rōpū Nāhinara i te tau 1949.
Ehara te awe o Ngata i te mea ruhi. E kāo! Nāna i āwhina ngā whakahaere mō te whakanuinga i te rau tau o te Tiriti o Waitangi i te tau 1940, tae atu ki te hanganga me te kawanga o te whare whakairo i hangaia i Waitangi. E whā ngā wāhanga nāna i koha atu ki te pukapuka, The Māori People Today. He tirohanga whānui nā I. L. G. Sutherland i ētita, ā, nō te tau 1940 ka whakapukapukatia. I te mea kua tīmata anō tētahi pakanga hou o te ao, ko ia tēnā e āwhina nā ki te whakatari tāngata me tana āwhina hoki i te whakatūnga anō o tētahi atu hokowhitu Māori. Tokorua āna tama, arā, a Wiremu rāua ko Hēnare, i roto i taua ope. Ko tētahi anō o Ngāti Porou, ko Te Moananui-a-Kiwa Ngārimu, he mea whakawhiwhi ki te Rīpeka Wikitōria i muri i tana hinganga i 1943. Nā Ngata i whakahaere te hui whakamaumaharatanga i Ruatōrea. I reira, ka tukuna atu te tohu toa ki ngā mātua o Ngārimu.
E whakauru haere tonu ana a Ngata ki ngā mahi tikanga Māori me ngā mahi mātauranga. He kaikoha ia ki ngā kura mō ngā mahi whakaako i te hunga pakeke i te kāreti o te whare wānanga o Tāmaki-makau-rau (Auckland University College) i te wā o te pakanga tuarua, me te whakahaere i ngā kauhau e kīia nei ko Rauru-Nui-a-Toi mō tōna iwi i Ruatōria. Harangote ana tana tānga o ētahi atu waiata i te pukapuka a te Rōpū Poronihiana (Journal of the Polynesian Society), (nō muri i tana matenga, ka whakapukapukatia e tana ahuahunga, e Pei Te Hurinui Jones.) I noho ngangahau tonu ia i roto i ngā mahi a te Rōpū Poronihiana, ā, atu i 1938 ki 1950 ko ia te perehitini o te kaunihera o te rōpū nei. He tangata whakarae i roto i te Hāhi Mihinare, ā, he tangata kaha hoki ia i runga i te rōpū nā rātau i whakahou te Paipera Māori. Ko te whānuitanga o te hōkai o tōna mōhiotanga, kua roa kē nei e mōhiotia ana e te ao Māori, kātahi anō ka āhukahukatia e ngā whare mātauranga o te Pākehā, i te whakawhiwhinga i a ia ki te tohu mātauranga tākuta (LittD), he tohu whakahōnore i 1948. I tae ake tōna rahinga o Ngāti Porou ki te rā i pōtaetia ia. I tua atu i tōna koanga ngākau mō tāna i whiwhi ai ko tērā o te kite ā-tinana i tana pōtiki, i a Hēnare, e pōtaetia ana ki te tohu paetahi BA.
Kua tata kapiti hono, tātai hono te koiora hau o Ngata ki te ao wairua, ēngari, nō te tinana kē te tārututanga, ehara i te hinengaro. He mea harikoa ki a ia tana tūtakitanga ki tana hoa o ngā tau roa ki muri, ki a Te Rangi Hīroa, i te tau 1949. E mate pukupuku ana tērā i taua wā, ā, nā Ngata a ia i taki haere i te nuku o te whenua, me te mōhio ngātahi anō o rāua koia tēnei te tūtakitanga whakamutunga o tētahi ki tētahi. Ko te papa rererangi i Whenuapai te wāhi i wehe ai rāua. I a Ngata e whakataka ana ki te rere ki Te Tai Rāwhiti, me Te Rangi Hīroa ki Honolulu, ka tiro atu, ka tiro mai tētahi ki tētahi, ā, e ai ki a Te Rangi Hīroa, he tirohanga roa, kawe kupu aroha me te maimai aroha e tiari ana i waenganui i a rāua. E ai ki tā Te Rangi HĪroa anō, mō te rima tekau tau, neke atu tō rāua takatāpuitanga, ā, kore nei i puta he kupu kino i waenganui i a rāua. Ahakoa kua tino tūoi rawa atu i nāianei me te kore e pai o te puku, ka hangahanga tonu a Ngata i ana mahi huhua, arā: te whakahounga i te whare karakia, i a Rangiātea; te whare whakamaumaharatanga ki tana wahine aroha, ki a Arihia; te hui rau tau o te Kāreti o Te Aute, me te hui e hoahoatia ana mō te whakamaumaharatanga ki te ono rau tau o te Kahupapa Nui whakaharahara rā, o te Hekenga Nui.
Nō muri mai i te matenga o Arihia ka moea e Ngata a Rīringi Tūhou i te tau 1932. Nō te tau 1948 ka mate mai tērā. Kāore i roa rawa atu i mua i tōna matenga, ka moea e ia a Hēne Te Kira. He poto te wā e māuiuitia ana a Ngata hinga noa ia i te 14 o Hūrae 1950. He mea tāpuke ki te taha o Arihia i te urupā o Pūputa, te puke iti kai muri paku atu i The Bungalow.
Ko te tino koha a Ngata ko tana whakahauoratanga i te iwi Māori i ngā tau tōmua o te rau tau rua tekau. Nāna i whakamahi ōna toi o te ao Pākehā me ōna pūkenga ngaio hai āwhina i tōna iwi ki te ahu me te pāmu i ō rātau whenua, ā, ki te whakahauhau i a rātau ki te pupuri i ā rātau tikanga me te tiaki i tō rātau ake tuakiri. Nā ōna mōhiotanga, nā tāna atawhai matawhāiti, nā tōna hiringa me tōna mātauranga tōrangapū, i pērā rawa ai te angitu ōna ki tēnei whakatakanga āna.
Ngāti Porou leader and politician Āpirana Ngata is one of New Zealand's best-known figures. Working through traditional tribal structures and as MP for Eastern Māori, he pressed for state-funded Māori land development. His wider aim was to strengthen Māori communities and revive Māori culture.
Āpirana Turupa Ngata was born at Te Araroa on the East Coast on 3 July 1874. He had connections with the leaders of Ngāti Porou. His hapū included Te Whānau-a-Te Ao, Ngāti Rangi, Te Whānau-a-Karuai and Ngāti Rākairoa. His father, Paratene Ngata, was a storekeeper, a progressive farmer, a Native Land Court assessor and an expert in tribal lore. His paternal great-uncle Rāpata (Rōpata) Wahawaha had led Ngāti Porou troops on the side of the Crown during the wars of the 1860s. Āpirana Ngata was greatly influenced by both men and spent some of his early years living in Rāpata's household. Throughout his life he followed their policy of loyalty to the Crown and empire. His mother, Kāterina Naki (or Ēnoka), was the daughter of an itinerant Scot, Abel Knox, and Ngata once said that this Pākehā ancestry was the source of his methodical habits, but otherwise he did not regard it as important. It was his upbringing as a Māori and a speaker of Māori, under the watchful care of Paratene and Rāpata, that he valued more. Nevertheless, they were insistent that he be educated in the learning and skills of the Pākehā so that he could turn them to the benefit of Ngāti Porou and the Māori people.
Ngata began his schooling at the age of five at the Waiomatatini Native School. It was actively supported by the local community led by Rāpata and Paratene. After four years Ngata was sent to Te Aute College where, under headmaster John Thornton, Māori pupils were grounded in the classics and prepared for matriculation, university and the professions. However, Thornton encouraged pride in their race and imbued them with a mission to save their people from social disintegration, even, as it was feared at the time, extinction. Ngata was an apt pupil in all respects.
Ngata's involvement in Māori concerns and attempts at leadership commenced in his student days. In 1891–92 he travelled the Ngāti Porou villages with Rēweti Kōhere and others giving talks on health reform. These were not always well received. Ngata's ideas were immature, untempered as yet with an understanding of his people's problems. It was almost unprecedented that such a young man should challenge older leaders.
After eight years at Te Aute, Ngata matriculated with such good marks that he was awarded a Te Mākarini Scholarship which enabled him to study at Canterbury College. Here he combined arts and law, completing a BA in political science in 1893 (an MA was added later). He shifted to Auckland, where he was articled to the solicitors Devore and Cooper, and completed his LLB in 1896. He was the first Māori to complete a degree at a New Zealand university.
Ngata was at this time an attractive and engaging young man, with short-cropped hair and a dashing moustache. Like his father he was short, but immensely strong. In 1895 he married Arihia Kane Tāmati, also of Ngāti Porou, at Whareponga. Theirs was a prolific marriage: 11 of their children, six daughters and five sons, survived to adulthood. Soon after Ngata was articled as a solicitor, he and Arihia returned to the East Coast where he built her a splendid home, Te Wharehou (later known as The Bungalow), at Waiomatatini. Here, during Āpirana’s many absences on political affairs, Arihia held the family together for many years.
Though he could have become a prosperous lawyer, Ngata did not practise. Instead, with Thornton's imperative upon him to ameliorate the condition of the Māori race, he threw himself into reforming their social and economic situation. This time his efforts were more successful; as a qualified lawyer his mana rose enormously amongst Māori. From 1899 he was sought after for hui throughout the country, and numerous articles by him appeared in Māori newspapers publicising his ideas for social and economic reform and discussing the place of Māoritanga in the modern world. Throughout his earlier career he was forced to work hard to overcome the suspicions of tribal elders, especially outside the East Coast, a result he achieved through charm, clear vision and persistence.
Ngata soon became involved with the Te Aute College Students' Association, formed at an inaugural conference in February 1897. At this conference he was a star attraction; he read four papers and led the discussion of others. In 1899 he became travelling secretary for the association and in later years helped to organise annual conferences.
Local affairs began increasingly to occupy Ngata's time. At home he was gradually taking over from Wahawaha and his father the leadership in land development and reform. Ngāti Porou had been more fortunate than other tribes in preserving their land: while they had leased some of their hill country to Pākehā, they retained most of their better land in tribal ownership. Under Wahawaha and Paratene Ngata they had started sheepfarming in the last two decades of the century. The young Āpirana greatly expanded this activity, and by 1916 Ngāti Porou had 156 flocks and a total of 180,919 sheep. They invested heavily in pasture improvement, buildings and equipment, including mechanical shearing machines, although Ngata was careful to control their level of debt. Ngāti Porou wool was bringing top prices.
He also took over from his elders and further developed a system of incorporation. This kept the title in tribal ownership but allowed the farms to be developed as viable units; managers (sometimes Pākehā) were employed and local owners were used as farm labour and also paid a dividend from any net profits. The incorporations were brought under the control of the Māori land councils in 1903. At the same time Ngata was experimenting with another land reform measure, designed to overcome excessive fragmentation of titles caused by decades of individualisation through the Native Land Acts and Native Land Court. Ngata began to exchange and consolidate individual fragments of land to form contiguous holdings, starting with the Waipiro block on the East Coast in 1911. Later that system was applied to other Ngāti Porou lands and to other tribal territories.
Although acutely aware of the danger of excessive indebtedness, Ngata realised the need for credit if Māori owners were to develop their land. He believed that they should manage their own credit and marketing of produce in place of the Pākehā stock and station agencies. In 1912 he founded the Waiapu Farmers' Co-operative Company, which was owned and financed by Ngāti Porou farmers and their incorporation; shares were also held by Te Whānau-a-Apanui and Ngāi Tai. It began with an initial subscription of £12,000. Ngata combined an intimate knowledge of farming with his legal expertise to promote progressive farming and land tenure reform. He was determined to demonstrate that with skill, leadership and management, Māori could farm their land as successfully as Pākehā. Although he began all his reforms with Ngāti Porou, Ngata always tried to encourage other tribes to follow their lead.
Ngata was also making his way in national affairs, particularly through his association with James Carroll, a minister in the Liberal government since 1892 and minister of native affairs from the end of 1899. Ngata assisted Carroll with the drafting of two important pieces of legislation, both designed to allow Māori a greater say in their affairs. The Māori Lands Administration Act 1900 provided for the establishment of land boards, controlled by Māori, to administer the sale or lease of their land. The Māori Councils Act 1900 provided for elected councils to undertake a number of local government and health functions. Although their powers were quite limited, the councils were received with enthusiasm by Māori communities. Altogether 19 were established, including a Horouta District Māori Council of the East Coast with Ngata as chairman. However, some of the other councils got into difficulties, largely due to excessive enthusiasm and to inexperience in accounting. In 1902 Ngata was appointed organising inspector to try to sort out their troubles, but he resigned the position in 1904. He had decided to return home and to prepare for a larger task.
In 1905 Ngata contested the Eastern Māori parliamentary seat against the long-standing incumbent, Wī Pere. With solid support from Ngāti Porou, Ngata won by over 750 votes. He was to retain the seat, surviving challenge after challenge, until 1943, becoming in that time 'father' of the House. He was a superb parliamentarian. A skilled debater, he could fill the parliamentary galleries whenever he rose to speak. He took his duties very seriously and shunned much of the social side of parliamentary life. He was a diligent member of the Native Affairs Committee and soon became Carroll's right-hand man. He served with the chief justice, Sir Robert Stout, on the 1907–8 Native Land Commission. They were critical of the government's use of pre-emption to purchase Māori land below value, and recommended that tribes with very little remaining land should have it permanently reserved. However, they conceded that other tribes with ample lands, for instance in the central North Island, could be encouraged to sell or lease some of it. Finally, they castigated governments of the past for having done nothing to encourage or assist Māori to farm their own land.
Ngata also assisted John Salmond in drafting the Native Land Act 1909, a massive consolidating measure. In that year Ngata was rewarded by appointment to the Executive Council as member representing the native race and was given a minor cabinet post in charge of Māori councils. He lost these positions when Sir Joseph Ward's ministry was defeated in 1912. Because he remained faithful to the Liberal party, Ngata did not again attain cabinet office until 1928.
In the meantime, Ngata's career was diverted by the First World War and its aftermath. Ngata, who was 40 and the father of a large family when the war started, could hardly have served. But he threw himself into the Māori war effort, working with Māui Pōmare and other Māori MPs to recruit Māori troops and agitating to have them grouped together – after the disaster of Gallipoli – into a Māori battalion. Ngāti Porou lived up to their tradition of loyalty to the Crown by providing more than their share of Māori volunteers. Ngata also worked to provide land for returned Māori servicemen, although, with his approval, this was taken from blocks of Māori land.
After the war Ngata never lost an opportunity to remind Pākehā New Zealand of the debt the country owed to Māori who had served or died in the empire's foreign war. Working with Pōmare, a minister in the Reform government, Ngata obtained inquiries into many long-simmering Māori land grievances, most notably the 1927 royal commission of inquiry into the confiscation of Māori lands following the war with the Pākehā in the 1860s.
Although Reform remained in office until 1928, Ngata had a great deal of influence, especially after Gordon Coates became native minister in 1921 and prime minister in 1925. He and Coates had a very high regard for each other, and Ngata was often able to initiate important measures from his side of the House. An example was the establishment through legislation of the Board of Māori Ethnological Research in 1923 and the Māori Purposes Fund Control Board in 1924 to administer funds from unclaimed Māori rentals and other sources. Ngata had been a member of the Polynesian Society since 1895 and in the early 1920s used the resources of the two new boards to support the society and its publications. Later in the 1920s the Board of Māori Ethnological Research began a publishing programme of its own, on Ngata's initiative, including Ngata's own annotated collection of Māori waiata, Ngā mōteatea, and the journal Te Wānanga.
From this time Ngata was involved in a host of social and cultural activities. He encouraged Māori sport through various inter-tribal competitions, including rugby for the Prince of Wales Cup, a tennis competition for men and women, and a women's hockey tournament for the Lady Arihia memorial trophy. Ngata promoted the performing arts, again through tribal competitions in haka and poi (he was himself a notable performer of haka), and encouraged the decorative arts, especially carving and tukutuku work. He was instrumental in the establishment of a Māori school of arts at Rotorua in 1927 and the construction of decorated meeting houses around the country. He remained prominent in the Anglican church and in 1928 helped to persuade the General Synod to create a Māori bishopric, partly to combat the rising tide of the Rātana movement.
Yet, for all his social and cultural activities, Ngata remained preoccupied with the land reform movement. At home he arranged a subdivision of Ngāti Porou consolidated holdings in the Waiapu valley so that his people could move into dairying. His eldest son, Mākarini, a graduate of Te Aute College and Hawkesbury Agricultural College in New South Wales, took over one of the holdings; Ngata hoped that he would lead the new dairy farming movement. Mākarini's holding made impressive progress, thanks to the introduction of graded cows, new milking machines, and the establishment of a co-operative dairy factory at Ruatōria. As ever, Ngata had larger aims in mind: to encourage other Māori communities to follow Ngāti Porou's lead, and to persuade the government to support Māori land development. His first success with other tribes came in 1922 when he persuaded Tūhoe to consolidate their titles. Others soon followed suit, as, on Ngata's initiative, teams of consolidators, usually younger educated men, took up the work. But consolidation of titles was only a beginning; it was necessary to break in the land on a large scale in development schemes, as they were called, prior to the establishment of pastoral or dairy farms.
So far Ngata had relied on Māori resources, both labour and capital, but he needed government aid if the snowballing developments were to succeed. In 1926 he invited Coates to the East Coast to open the impressive decorated church at Tikitiki, a memorial to Ngāti Porou troops who died in the war, and to show off the new dairy farms in the Waiapu valley. Coates was so impressed that he promised government funds for Māori land development. In 1927 Ngata received a knighthood, thus following in the footsteps of the only previous Māori knights, Carroll and Pōmare.
In December 1928 Ngata was suddenly propelled into office as native minister when the United Party surprisingly won enough seats in the general election to form a government. He was ranked third in the cabinet, chaired important committees and occasionally acted as deputy prime minister. He was now 54. Always a hard worker, frequently far into the night, Ngata could get by with very little sleep, often mere catnaps. He entered into his new ministry with a ferocious energy that left men half his age, especially his hapless staff, trailing in his wake.
Ngata pressed ahead with his land development schemes, using state funds, shifting his consolidators straight on to development work, and initiating schemes all over the country – wherever he could find underdeveloped Māori land and local communities willing to work it. There was seldom any lack of enthusiasm, since the new schemes provided work for unemployed or under-employed men, women and children, who worked as communal groups as of old. The land was cleared of bush or scrub, ploughed, grassed, fenced and stocked – on the assumption that it could be sub-divided into individual farms at a later date. Ngata did not hesitate to bring in machinery and equipment whenever it was available, and mechanics to service it; at Horohoro, near Rotorua, for example, he used tractors for ploughing and brought Tūmōkai Kātipa from Waikato to keep them running. Ngata even shifted colonists from one tribe onto the land of others, using them as ginger groups; his use of Ngāti Kahungunu at Horohoro and Ngāti Porou at Tikitere in Te Arawa territory was, for Māori, a somewhat controversial decision.
Ngata was even successful in persuading tribes who had long remained unco-operative, because of the confiscation of their land, to embark on land development. His most notable success in this respect was with supporters of the King movement in Waikato. Ngata persuaded their remarkable leader, Te Puea, to take the lead in developing the few pieces of land remaining in their ownership. That agreement was sealed at a grand hui to mark the opening of the Māhinārangi house at Ngāruawāhia in 1929. But there were tragic consequences for the Ngata family. At the hui Ngata's eldest son, Mākarini, contracted dysentery and Ngata's wife, Arihia, nursing him at home, caught it too. Both died before they could get proper medicine. Ngata was devastated, and for a time there was bad blood between Ngati Porou and Tainui. But Ngata's close working relationship with Te Puea continued and her land development schemes survived. When she had a row with one of the Pākehā supervisors of a scheme, Ngata sided with her, sacked the Pākehā, and put Te Puea in his place.
Elsewhere the development schemes proceeded apace. Ngata described them at length in his departmental annual reports and his monthly letters to his close friend Peter Buck. His native land development report for the year 1931 was a masterpiece which went far beyond the details of individual schemes. It expressed much of his own philosophy on the need to work through traditional chiefly organisation and turn old tribal jealousies into friendly rivalries in land development, as in education, arts and crafts, and sport. He saw these forms of competition as a means of reviving tribal pride and culture, and the new development schemes as providing an opportunity to revive old marae or build new ones.
To support his philosophy Ngata quoted the young Pākehā anthropologist, Raymond Firth, and recent letters from Buck. Despite a lack of formal training in anthropology, Ngata had a keen and critical appreciation of the subject, although, like Buck, he believed that Pākehā anthropologists lacked the ability to understand the inner emotions, heart and mind of Māori. Unlike Buck, Ngata published little on the subject, apart from a paper, 'Anthropology and the government of native races in the Pacific' (1928). But his land development schemes were anthropology in action: not an end in themselves but a catalyst for community regeneration.
Although Ngata had the support of a tiny band of Pākehā intellectuals, and some politicians, the Pākehā community at large was far from sympathetic. Ngata was thrusting ahead with Māori land development and increasing the expenditure of state funds when the country was slipping into depression and his government cutting expenditure to the bone in other directions. Impatient with red tape, Ngata made decisions over all manner of things – equipment, vehicles, fertiliser, seed, livestock and labour – on the run or on the phone, and his officials in the Native Department were quite unable to keep up with the paperwork. Moreover, much of the development was being carried out on difficult, marginal country, including the pumice country of the central plateau, and promising developments soon turned sour. The Native Department, and even some of the land development schemes, were controlled by Native Land Court judges who knew little of practical farming. On the other hand, Ngata's supervisors on the ground, who did have practical knowledge, knew little about keeping records and accounts.
By the beginning of 1932 Ngata and his department were being roundly criticised in Parliament and the press. He was required to accept a reorganisation of his head office, but the controller and auditor general refused to pass the accounts. Irregularities were found in some of the district offices of the department. A civil servant from the office of the public service commissioner was put into the head office in place of R. N. Jones, who was both chief judge of the Native Land Court and under-secretary for the department. But the crisis was not yet over, and one of Ngata's trusted lieutenants on the East Coast was found to have falsified accounts. Ngata offered his resignation, but instead of accepting it George Forbes, the prime minister, adopted a recommendation from the Public Accounts Committee to appoint a commission of inquiry into Ngata's handling of his department and the land development schemes. It reported in 1934 and was critical of Ngata's administration, especially his personal style and contempt for bureaucratic regulations, alleged that he favoured his tribe, Ngāti Porou, and his family (although providing little evidence to support either allegation), and pointed, correctly, to the corruption of some of Ngata's subordinates. Ngata honourably accepted responsibility for the shortcomings and immediately resigned from cabinet. His downfall had a powerful impact on Māoridom, which regarded it as a Pākehā attempt to undermine the success of his land schemes.
Ngata retained his seat in Parliament and, on Labour's victory in the 1935 election, had to watch while his erstwhile critics in the House carried on his land development schemes with an even greater expenditure of funds. Ngata's parliamentary career finally ended when, as the last of the Māori members who had no Rātana affiliations, he was defeated by the Rātana–Labour candidate, Tiaki Ōmana (Jack Ormond), in 1943. Ngata tried but failed to regain the seat in 1946. He remained influential as an elder statesman, coaching Peter Fraser, who became minister of Māori affairs in 1946, and then E. B. Corbett, when he assumed that office in the new National government in 1949.
Ngata was far from a spent force. He helped to organise the celebrations for the centennial of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1940, and the construction and opening of a commemorative carved house at Waitangi. He contributed four chapters to a survey edited by I. L. G. Sutherland, The Maori people today, published in 1940. Once again, with a new world war in progress, he helped to recruit and supported another Māori battalion. Two of his sons, Wiremu and Hēnare, served in that force. Another Ngāti Porou, Moana-nui-a-Kiwa Ngārimu, was posthumously awarded a Victoria Cross and in 1943 Ngata organised a hui at Ruatōria where the decoration was presented to his parents.
Ngata continued to take part in cultural and academic activities, contributing to Auckland University College adult education courses during the war and organising Rauru-nui-a-Toi lectures for his own people at Ruatōria. He serialised the publication of more waiata in the Journal of the Polynesian Society (later they were published posthumously as further volumes of Ngā mōteatea by his protégé, Pei Te Hurinui Jones). And he remained active in the affairs of the Polynesian Society, serving as president of its council from 1938 to 1950. He was prominent in Anglican church affairs and was actively involved in a revision of the Māori Bible. His wide-ranging scholarship, well known in Māoridom, was finally recognised by the Pākehā academic establishment with the award of an honorary LittD in 1948. At the capping ceremony, attended by a strong contingent of Ngāti Porou, Ngata had the added satisfaction of seeing his youngest son, Hēnare, graduate with a BA.
Ngata's illustrious life was now drawing to a close, although his frailty was of the body and not the mind. In 1949 he had the pleasure of meeting his old friend Peter Buck, now suffering from cancer, and conducting him around the country on what both of them knew would be a last reunion. When they parted at Whenuapai, as Ngata prepared to fly back to the East Coast and Buck to Honolulu, they exchanged 'a long look which carried a message of the love and affection which had existed between us', as Buck put it, 'for over fifty years of unclouded friendship.' Although now very frail and having digestive trouble, Ngata kept working at numerous projects: the Rangiātea Church restoration, a memorial house for his beloved Arihia, the Te Aute College centennial, and a planned sexcentenary celebration for the coming of the legendary Great Fleet.
After Arihia's death Ngata had married Te Rīringi Tūhou in 1932. She died in 1948 and he married Hēne Te Kira not long before his own death at Waiomatatini on 14 July 1950, following a brief illness. He was buried beside Arihia on the little hill behind The Bungalow.
Āpirana Ngata made a vital contribution to the revival of the Māori race in the early twentieth century. He used his knowledge of the Pākehā world and his professional skills to assist his people to develop and farm their land while also encouraging them to preserve their culture and maintain their own identity. His intelligence, tact, persistence and political skill brought him considerable success in this mission.
This biography of Āpirana Turupa Ngata from the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography is available in te reo Māori (www.teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/3n5/ngata-apirana-turupa) and English (www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/3n5/ngata-apirana-turupa). See also a shorter biography on NZHistory (www.nzhistory.net.nz/people/apirana-turupa-ngata).
Read about Āpirana Ngata's influence on Ahuwhenua – Māori land and agriculture on Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand (www.teara.govt.nz/en/ahuwhenua-maori-land-and-agriculture).
Read about the Ngāti Porou iwi on Te Ara (www.teara.govt.nz/en/ngati-porou).
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This biography was written by M. P. K. Sorrenson and originally appeared online in the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, part of Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand (www.teara.govt.nz). Further information is drawn from Te Ara and NZHistory – New Zealand History Online(www.nzhistory.net.nz).
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Q1: Kei te haumaru te rauemi ki te hauora?
A: Ae, koira. Ko nga taonga o te hua he kai-māka me te kore-paitini, he tiwhikete CE ta maatau mo to korero.
Q2: He aha to MOQ?
A: Kaore he MOQ motuhake, 1 waahanga tauira mo te tirotiro he waatea.
Q3: He aha te wa nui mo koe?
A: 3-7 ra mahi mo nga ota tauira, 10-15 ra mahi mo nga ota nuinga.
Q4: He aha nga tikanga utu?
A: Ka whakaae matou ki a T / T, L / C, Paypal, etc.
Q5: He pai ki te taarua taku tohu ki o hua me to taatai?
A: Ae, purihia mai ki a maatau o tohu konae me nga taipitopito e hiahiatia ana.
Q6: Ka taea e au te tono tauira mo nga hua taatai katoa?
A: Ae, ka manakohia e maatau tauira tauira mo te whakamatautau i te kounga o a maatau hua, he pai ano hoki nga tauira whakauru.

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KEAKA 2019
6/14/19, 5pm
'O Mo'o Huelo ke ka'ao e pili ana i ka 'opio. Makemake 'o ia e kokua i kekahi kanaka me'e, kapa 'ia 'o Geckoman. I kona kokua ia Geckoman, 'imi a loa'a keia keiki kane i kona mana me'e pono'i. Ma ka huaka'i, 'ike 'o ia i na hame'e like 'ole: na 'Ua'u i hiki ke 'olelo, ka Nananana Makaki'i nuha, a me na 'uhini 'ulala. He me'e 'o Geckoman mai na puke ho'omake'ake'a Hawai'i: 'o Mana Comics.
6/14/19, 7:30pm
He ha'awina ko nā hana a pau. Ua like nō ma keia mau hana keaka a nā haumāna o ka papahana 'o Ho'oulu Pāhiahia i haku ai. Hō'ike 'ia kekahi 'ano pilikia, alaina a hana kolohe nō paha. 'O ka mea nui o nā hana kolohe, 'o ia ka pa'a o ka ha'awina nui a me ke ala e ho'oponopono a holomua ai ma hope mai. E ulu like kākou a pau mai kā lāakou mau mo'olelo haku o keia au kanaka. E kālailai, e nanea, e HO'OULU KAKOU!!
6/15/19, 7:00pm
'O Ke Kaua o Kuamo'o, he 'opela 'olelo Hawai'i e ho'ike aku i ka mo'olelo o ka paio ma hope o ka hala 'ana o ka lani nui 'o Kamehameha no Kekuaokalani lāua me Liholiho ka mo'i 'opio. Koi 'ia 'o Liholiho e kona makuahine 'o Keopuolani me ka kuhina nui 'o Ka'ahumanu e waiho i ke ala kupuna a e ho'ole i ka 'ai kapu. Ma o ke mele, ka hula me ke oli e ha'i hou ana i ka mo'olelo o ka lāhui kanaka e ho'ololi 'ia me ke kaua ho'okahi.


text:
.2m Kaihoko me te kaitautoko, whanui ka taea te whakarite
.Sensor mo te tirotiro, kaore he pounamu kaore e whakakii
. Te whakakii Aunoa, me te whakakii i te roopu ka taea te whakarite mai i te mata pa,
. 25 L Hopukini Raukaha
. Ka taea te whakarereke i te tere whakaranu o te puehu hopper
. Hopper me te puaki tuwhera ahuru, ki te tuwhera a Hopper, ka mutu te whakaranu miihini
. Te whakakī i te rahinga 1-100g
. Ko te whakakii i te tere 25-40pcs / min
. Whakakona nui me te tino whakakii whakakii
. Ka whakawhiwhia ki tetahi teepu kai ipu / pounamu i mua i te whakakii me te tepu kohikohinga i muri o te whakakii
. Ko te hoahoa huu motuhake ka tino pai mo te paura inu koreutu hei paura titi
. Te miihini miihini me te miihini tapanga hei tohu i runga i nga tono a te kaiwhakamahi. He pai mo nga momo pounamu me nga ipu paura whakakii
Waitohu waahanga waahanga: Ko Schneider te whakawhiti, ko Omron nga Relays, ko PLC te
Delta, Conveyor Motor, ko te miihini whakaranu he ZD, ko nga waahanga Pneumataha
Airtac, Pa Mata he Delta
He miihini miihini whakaheke paura whakakii Raukaha
25-40pcs / min


text:
Taipitopito Hua
Hoahoa Pai: Maama marama me te reihi. Ko te momo maama ka pai ake. Ma te rahi ake o te rama ka taea te huri i te tae o te maarama
Atekōkiri LED: He pai te huna o te hoahoa poka hoahoa. He ngawari ki te whakauru
Karekau he Flicker: Ko ta maatau tari R&D. ko ia e whakauru ana ki te hoahoa rama rama kaore i te rama rama-rama hei tetahi o nga paearu tirotiro paerewa
Āhuahira
LED Tae Nui: Ko te whakamahi i nga peara rama rama kounga teitei, he rite ki te maarama taiao, kaore he piupiu, kaore he radiation, he roa te ora. Te hihiko -e penapena ana nga kanohi, tiakina te maungarongo o te hinengaro.
Mea rino kounga nui: Ko te kounga o te kounga o te rama rino e mau ana, kaore i te ahua ke.
Whakatakotoranga Taketake
Pikitia
Tono
1. Hotera
2. Rūma Huihuinga / Hui
3. Whare wheketere me te tari
4. Nga waahanga hokohoko
5. Whare Noho / Whare Whakatuunga
6. Kura / Kareti / Whare Wananga
7. Whare Hauora
8. Nga waahi e hiahia ana koe ki te penapena puhanga me te rama taurangi whakarake tae nui
Mo Tatou
Hoahoa: Kei a maatau roopu kaihoahoa 10 nga tangata e mahi ana mo a maatau ake waahanga me te ratonga OEM / ODM hoki. Ma te whai whakaaro, ma maatau koe e whakahoki ki a koe he hua tino pai, he whakataunga ranei
Te Hanga Miihini: He mahinga taapiri taatau mo te miihini, paninga paura, whakakao, te koroheketanga me te kounga te tirotiro me a maatau miihini miihini 100 neke atu me te miihini mahi ream.
Whakahaere Kounga: Ko ta maatau he whiriwhiri i nga pantana pai rawa atu, me te mea nui ka whakapau kaha taatau ki te tirotiro kounga i nga waahanga katoa kia tino mohio nga waahanga katoa e tukuna ana ki te kaihoko he tino tika.


text:
- Ko te 'Wing of Tomorrow' he tohu nui me te huihuinga o tana tauira parirau tino rahi tuatahi.
- Ma te kaupapa hou a Airbus e whakarei ake te maarama ki te hanga parirau me te whakahiato.
- E toru nga parirau tauira o te rahi ka hangaia katoa i raro i te kaupapa 'Wing of Tomorrow'.
'Wing of Tomorrow', he kaupapa rangahau me te hangarau hangarau a Airbus, kua eke ki te taumata whakahirahira me te huihuinga o tana tauira parirau tino tuatahi.
Ko te kaupapa Wing of Tomorrow e kore e whakamatau i nga rauemi hiato hou me nga hangarau hou i roto i te aerodynamics me te hoahoanga parirau, ko te mea nui, tirohia me pehea te whakapai ake i te hanga parirau me te whakahiato ki te whakatutuki i nga hiahia a meake nei i te wa i puta mai te raru mai i te mate uruta.
E toru nga parirau tauira o te rahi ka hangaia i roto i te katoa: ka whakamahia tetahi ki te maarama ki te whakauru o nga punaha; ko te tuarua ka whakamatauhia te hanganga hei whakataurite ki te whakatauira rorohiko, i te tuatoru ka whakaemihia ki te whakamatau i te mahi whakaniko-whakarake me te whakataurite ki te whakatauira ahumahi.
Sabine Klauke, Airbus Te Kaiwhakahaere Hangarau Matua, i kii: "Ko te Parirau o Apopo, tetahi waahanga nui o te putea R&T a Airbus, ka awhina i a maatau ki te aromatawai i te kaha o te umanga ki te mahi parirau a muri ake nei. Ko te hangarau parirau tino mahi tetahi o nga rongoā - i te taha o nga hinu rererangi tauwhiro me te hauwai - ka taea e taatau te whakauru ki te hiahia whakaheke i te rererangi rererangi. Ko te Wing of Tomorrow he tauira ano mo te hiranga o te mahi nui a te umanga nui ki te whakatutuki i nga kaupapa a to tatou rāngai mo te heke mai o te tau. "
Wing of Tomorrow, he putea na te UK's Aerospace Technology Institute, he kaupapa Airbus whakawhiti-nui e uru ana ki nga hoa o te ao me nga roopu puta noa i nga papanga o Airbus 'Pakeha, tae atu ki Bremen i Tiamana, kei reira te tima 'Wing Movable'. Ko nga kaiwhakaatu parirau e toru ka whakakao mai neke atu i te 100 nga hangarau hou ki te torotoro i nga tikanga hanga hou me te whakakao me te whainga kia noho tau ai te rererangi rererangi.
Ko te huihuinga iti o te uhi parirau uaua i tu ki te papaanga o Airbus 'Filton, Ingarangi, i hangaia i te National Composite Center i Bristol. Ko te uhi parirau me tetahi waahanga nui mai i te GKN Aerospace - te Taumaru Whakatika - i tukuna ki te Whare Rangahau Hanga Hou, Wales, kei runga i te tipu hanga parirau a Airbus i Broughton, Flintshire, hei tiimata te hui.


text:
- 1
- Na, nui whakaharahara te he ki a Hona, mura ana tana riri.
- 2
- Te tino inoinga ki a Ihowa; i mea ia, Aue, e Ihowa, he teka ianei ko taku tenei i mea ai i a au ano i toku whenua? No reira ahau i rere wawe ai ki Tarahihi; i mohio hoki ahau he Atua atawhai koe, he tohu tangata, e aweke ana ki te riri, e nui ana te aroha, e ripeneta ana ki te kino.
- 3
- Na, tena ra, e Ihowa, kia mate ahau inaianei; he pai atu hoki i te ora te mate moku.
- 4
- Ano ra hoki ko Ihowa, He mea pai ranei kia riri koe?
- 5
- Katahi a Hona ka puta mai i roto i te pa, a noho ana i te taha ki te rawhiti o te pa; kei te hanga i tetahi tihokahoka mona ki reira, noho ana i raro i te taumarumarunga iho, kia kite ra ano ia ka ahatia ranei te pa.
- 6
- Na, kua rite i a Ihowa tetahi hue, meinga ana e ia kia eke ki runga ki a Hona, kia ai hei taumarumaru mo tona māhunga, hei whakaora mona i roto i tona mamae. Na, nui atu te koa o Hona ki te hue.
- 7
- Na, kua rite ano i te Atua he huhu i te aonga ake o te ra, a ngaua iho e tera te hue, na, kua maroke.
- 8
- Na, i te whitinga o te ra kua rite mai ano i te Atua tetahi hau kaha, he marangai, aki tonu mai te ra ki runga ki te māhunga o Hona, whakaruhiruhi noa iho, a hiahia ana ia ki te mate, i mea ano ia, He pai atu i te ora te mate moku.
- 9
- Na, ko te meatanga atu a te Atua ki a Hona, He mea pai ranei kia riri koe ki te hue? Ano ra ko ia, He mea pai ano kia riri ahau, a mate noa.
- 10
- Ano ra hoki ko Ihowa, I manawapa koe ki te hue kihai na i mahia e koe, kihai ano hoki i whakatupuria e koe, kotahi ano te po i tupu ake ai, a kotahi ano te po i kore ai,
- 11
- A kaua ianei ahau e manawapa ki a Ninewe ki taua pa nui, he tokomaha nei ona tangata i nga mano e ono tekau topu, he hunga kahore nei e mohio ki o ratou ringa matau ki o ratou ringa maui, he maha ano hoki nga kararehe?


text:
Mo nga whakaaro whakatoi i mahi maatau kore mahi i Morocco. Ko nga tohu Masoni i whakangaromia, i peitahia ranei e nga hoia Moroccan i te wa i whakangaromia ai te whakamaharatanga Holocaust. He tohu he mea nui te whawhai ki nga ariā whakatakotoranga.
Pro7 Galileo: Tuhituhi mo nga Freemasons me te kaiwhakaara PixelHELPER Oliver Bienkowski
Haere ki te whakamatautau ia koe
Na te tohe mo te mana tangata me te whakatipu teina, me te mahi atawhai, ka whai nga Freemason ki te mohio ki nga kaupapa o te tangata. Ko nga Freemasons ehara i te Illuminati, kaua e whakapono ki nga kaupapa whakatupato i te ipurangi mo te Ota Hou o te Ao, kaore he take o Freemason ki tera. Ko nga pouaka a nga waahine kua tiimata mai i te tau 1935. Ano te nui o te hiahia i waenga i nga waahine o te rautau 18 ki te mahi peera i nga taane e whakaatuhia ana e nga tini whakaari mai i tenei waa e pa ana ki tenei kaupapa; Ko te whakamutunga engari ko te mea iti, ko te Putorino Magic na te Freemason Mozart. He manawanui nga Freemason ka tu mo te rangatiratanga me te mana tangata.
Ki tetahi Tauira turanga kī matou ki te mahi nui hoki tika tangata & atu tangata mo nga e muri i te whakatupuranga haere atu. A, no te PixelHELPER Foundation kore-pai GmbH hinga te waimarie ki te "Sotaiete Tautoko Freemasonry”(FHW). Ko ia ano whakahaere umanga der Meihana i Tiamani. Te kowiri Tuhinga o mua Kaiāwhina pika hiahia ano me pehea Nga Taima der Te hurihanga French, ko koe kia kaha te pakanga ki nga mahi he ki nga wahi katoa e whakaatuhia ana. Mai rā Nga rautau whai wāhi Meihana mo te pai kei runga i te ao a whakamatau i to taha Ture tetahi atu Tauira tauira kia. Te Meihana whakahaerehia a tae noa ki 1980 i tou hōhipera in Hamburg a ka whakahaere tonu i tenei ra Whare reti i roto i der Ko te taone nui o Hanseatic.
PixelHELPER, he whakahaere kore-moni a-ao mo te hunga tokoiti me nga tika tangata kua whakauruhia e nga kaupapa o nga Freemason. Ma te ngangau o te ao, ka haere tatou, ka marie, ka haumaru, kaore i te raruraru, i nga whainga nui ki te tiaki i te whenua. Ko te whakapono nui ko nga maamaa o te Huringa Pakeha "Te Tika Tangata, Te Tuaritenga Tuakiri" me whawhai ki te whakahou i te kore aro o nga take torangapu. E rite ana ki te pepeha: "Kia mohio ki a koe ano!" e ngana ana nga mema ki te whakakao i nga mekameka tangata puta noa i te ao.
Tangohia mai i te niupepa Tiamana Freemason "Humanität"
I whakatuhia a PixelHELPER i te 2011 e te kaitoi maarama me Freemason Oliver Bienkowski me ona hoa mahi 70, tae atu ki etahi 6 Freemason. Ko te Freemasonry he hononga whakahoahoa, he hononga tikanga, he hapori whakaoho me te hononga mahi tohu i ahu ake i nga tikanga o te Maarama Pakeha. Me ona uara tuunga tangata, tuakanatanga, rangatira, tika, aroha mo te rangimarie me te manawanui, he whakarato i nga tikanga me nga paerewa mo nga whakaaro me nga mahi a ona mema.
Kei te whakahaerehia e nga Freemason nga hohipera me nga kaainga o te hunga tawhito i Tiamana
I whakatuwherahia e te Whare Hauora Freemason ona tatau i te Oketopa 3, 1795 i Dammtorwall hei whare whakauru tuatahi ki te whakaae ki nga taangata mate, he mea kua ngaro katoa i Hamburg tae noa ki taua wa. I whakatauhia i te tuatahi hei hōhipera ma nga pononga wahine a i whakarahihia i etahi tau i muri mai ki te whakauru ki nga pononga tane. Na Friedrich Ludwig Schröder i whakahaere nga whakamahere i awhinatia e nga teina von Axen Absalom mo nga ongaonga e toru, a Dr. Bedtmann, Dr. Ringihia Ferdinande Caroline ki nga whetu e toru me Cords St. Georg ki te puruhi kaakaariki.
I taua wa kei te noho nga whare noho o te United 4 Hamburg (a Apoharama ki nga 3 ngahere, ko St. Georg ki te puna matomato, Emanuel ki te Maienblume me Ferdinande Caroline ki nga whetu e toru) I te tau 1799 ka uru atu te whare 'Ferdinand zum Felsen'. Ko te whakamutunga, ko nga hononga ohanga o te 'United 5 Hamburg Lodges' i noho mai i tenei tau. Ko te whakahaere o a raatau rawa kohikohi kei roto i te ringa o te 'Treasury me Alms Comité der Ver. 5 ngā pouaka '. Ko tenei komiti, i raro i tona heamana, ko Brey (Ferdinande Caroline ki nga whetu e toru) i whakatauhia kia hanga ano i te hohipera i te tau 1883 me te whakarato huarahi mo tenei mea kia taea ai e te whare hou i Kleinen Schäferkamp me nga moenga 06.10.1885 te whakamahi i te Oketopa 80, XNUMX taea.
Korerohia mo Masons
"Ki taku hiahia ko nga kaupapa e tohuhia ana e Masons ka nui ake te wiri i roto i te hapori. I tenei ra, me nui atu te manawanui, me te whakaaro tangata kia pai ake ai te hapori. "
ta Ignaz Bubis
He aha te Freemasonry?
Ko te Freemasonry ehara i te whakawhitiwhiti, ehara i te utu, engari he mea e tika ana, e tu ana i roto i te ahua o te tangata me te hapori bourgeois.
Ko te kaupapa o te Masoni Association kia ako i ona mema ki te tino tangata. Ko nga tikanga mo tenei ko te mahi i nga tikanga tohu i tangohia mai i nga whare hanga o te wharekarakia, te ako ngatahi mo nga kaupapa nui o te tangata, te whakatipu i te tino pai me te whakaohooho i te tino hoa me te aroha teina. Me hora e te katoa enei kaupapa ki waho o te moenga, whakatairanga i te maarama ki te mea e taea ana e raatau me te aukati i te manawanui. I roto i te moenga, e whakatenatena ana nga mema ki te ako-a-tangata ma te wheako tahi i nga tohu me nga kawa.
Nga kaimahi i te RDR
ORF: Tuhituhi mo nga Masons
Masonic marama te whakauru hiko, Dusseldorf Germany
Kaituku laser Rainbow "Mai i te Rainbow", Düsseldorf Germany
Ka tutaki te kaihanga o PixelHELPER ki a Otmar Alt
Haere ki te Masonic Museum
Ko te kaupapa o te Kotahitanga Masonic
Ko te hiranga o te Kotahitanga Masonic ko te kotahitanga o te whakaaro arataki, te tautoko i te whakawhitiwhiti taiao, me te whakaari ake i te wheako tohu. I runga i nga mema o te kawenata whaimana, ko nga Freemasons te whakatairanga i te tangata, te taatai, te manawanui, te aroha o te rangimarie me te tika o te hapori. Ko te hapori o nga tangata e hono ana ki a te tuakana, ko te whare noho ko te whenua whakangungu mo enei uara. E mahi ana a Freemasonry hei hononga tohu o te whakauru o te whakaaro me te hapori. Ko to raatau tenei mo nga waahi katoa me nga whainga e whai ana.
Mai i nga korero tawhito me nga mea hou: He aha te Freemasonry? He mea nui kia mohio ki te Kotahitanga Masonic kia kotahi te whakaaro, te hapori, me te tohu tohu. Ko tenei ahuatanga maha o te kawenata e whakaaetia ai nga hiahia o te tangata ki nga huarahi rereke. Koinei, ka awangawanga tetahi ki te tautohetohe i te wairua wairua, ko etahi atu ka kite i nga mea nui o te hapori tangata o te whare noho, a, ko te tuatoru, i runga i te tohu me nga tikanga, ka uru ki te pokapū o te kawenata. Ko te Freemasonry kua makona ka kitea anake i roto i te taunekeneke o ona mea katoa.
Te kaihanga o PixelHELPER i Hessenquiz
Korerohia mo Masons
"Ki taku hiahia ko nga kaupapa e tohuhia ana e Masons ka nui ake te wiri i roto i te hapori. I tenei ra, me nui atu te manawanui, me te whakaaro tangata kia pai ake ai te hapori. "
ta Ignaz Bubis
Ko te mahi hinengaro
E mohio ana nga Freemasons ko nga uara e whakairihia ana kua whakahokia mai ki a ratau i te wa katoa, kua tino tika ake i te aroaro o nga raruraru o te wa, me te whakatutuki i nga mahi hou. Kaore te Kotahitanga Masonic e kore e pai ki te whakatinana i nga kaupapa o te ao, kaore hoki e uru ki nga pakanga-pakanga. Engari, me waiho nga tainga hei wahi e mahi ai te mahi a te tangata i roto i nga korero me te whakaata tahi. Ko nga Freemasons kei te haere tonu ki te mahi i to raatau mahi whakahirahira tino nui ma te whakaeke i nga raruraru, na te whakawhanake i nga whakaaro ki nga raruraru o te wa, me te ngana ki te rapu i te pono.
E mohio ana nga Masons e tika ana kia rua nga mea e tika ana kia noho takitahi me nga roopu hapori: kia mohio ki te ao e noho ana te tangata me te uara hei arahi i te mahi. Me whakarato nga taatai i te aratohu ma te korero me te whakaata tahi. Ko te whakamahara i te mea pono i roto i te marama o te tangata, te taatai, te manawanui, te aroha o te rangimarie me te tika o te hapori ka taea te whakatau i nga paearu whakatau.
He pono kei te mohio a Masons ki te pehea te titiro a te ao tangata ki te kore e whakawhanake i nga hua-a-iwi. Heoi, ko nga ariā o te tangata me te manawanui e hoatu ana ki a ratou te kaha ki te kite i te riri me te mahi tika.
Te Waea Whakaaetanga TV DW.DE, PixelHELPER Kaihanga Oliver Bienkowski, Deutsche Welle TV, Berlin Germany
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Spotify
- 1. Pūkete Spotify
- 1 Spotify Whenua
- 2 Kaiwhakamahi & Kupuhipa
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- 4 Waitohu I roto i Spotify
- 5 Spotify Premium Android
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- 1 Waihanga Rārangipāpāho
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- 1 Best Spotify Downloader
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- 8 Alternative hoki Spotify
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- 1 Spotify Papamahi Online
- 2 Spotify hoki Windows
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- 7. etahi
Pehea ki te Tahuri Kōnae WLMP ki AVI
He kōnae WLMP ko te kōnae kaupapa kiriata i hanga e te hōtaka Microsoft Hanga Whitiāhua Windows Live. Kei te maha kaweake i ngā kōnae WLMP hanga e Hanga Whitiāhua Windows Live ki ngā kōnae hōputu WMV hāngai i roto i tenei hōtaka. Heoi, i ētahi wā, e hiahia ana te iwi ratou kōnae WLMP ora i roto i te hōputu AVI atu i te hōputu WMV, no te taea te whakaaetia whānuitia AVI i ngā pūrere pakeke te nuinga atu taupānga etc. kore e taea e tenei Hanga Whitiāhua Live Ko Windows rānei. Ko te otinga anake ko te ki te whakamahi i te WLMP ki AVI converter ki te tahuri WLMP ki AVI mō te whakamahi i te whanui.
Wāhanga 1: Haere i te Best & Ngaio WLMP ki AVI Converter
Wondershare Video Converter Ultimate
- Kaitahuri ataata ngaio: Tahuri kōnae WLMP ki hohoro kōnae AVI, ngāwari, me te i roto i te kounga teitei.
- Maha Pūrere tatūkē: Tahuri kōnae WLMP ki te nuinga o ngā pūrere, e mea, Parakipere, PSP, Xbox 360, me te pera i runga i.
- Whakaritea Tautuhinga: Hurihia te kōtēke ataata, taumira, auau moka, aha hāngai i roto i tēnei taupānga.
- Tere faafariuraa tere: Ka taea e whai koe i te tere faafariuraa tere 30X atu te tahi atu whakataetae.
- Āhuatanga etahi: Ka taea te reira whakatika koe ataata, te tikiake ataata, me te ara tahu ataata ki te DVD.
Pehea ki te Tahuri WLMP ki AVI
1. Tiakina ngā kōnae WLMP rite kōnae ataata WMV
Ka rite ki matau ana tatou, e kore te mea WLMP te hōputu ataata. Na e hiahia ana koe ki te kaweake i ngā kōnae ki ngā kōnae ataata WMV. Whakarewa Hanga Whitiāhua Windows Live, ka pāwhiri "Kōnae kaupapa Open" ki te whakatuwhera i tetahi o koutou kōnae WLMP rohe. Pāwhiritia "Kōnae" ano, a ka haere ki "Tiaki kiriata"> "Paerewa-definition". Na, kua ora ia koe tou kōnae WLMP rite ki te kōnae ataata WMV. Na i muri, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i tēnei kaitahuri ataata nui ki te tahuri i ēnei kōnae ki te hōputu AVI.
2. kōnae ataata Kawemai WMV ki tenei WLMP ki AVI converter ataata
I muri rere koe i tenei kaitahuri ataata atamai, ka kite koe tona atanga "Convert" e whai ake. E kite koe i te pātene i runga i te kokonga o te atanga i runga-mauī? Just pāwhiri reira ki te kawemai i te kōnae WMV ora i roto i te taahiraa 1 ki tenei hōtaka mō te faafariuraa ataata.
3. Kōwhiritia AVI rite te hōputu putanga
I te taha ki matau o te atanga, i reira he he röpü Hōputu Huaputa. Koe rānei pāwhiri i te whakapakoko hōputu reira patua te pātene taka-iho i runga ki te whakatuwhera i te rārangi hōputu putanga o tēnei taupānga ranei. Na reira, i roto i te matapihi hōputu putanga pakū-ake, taea e koe te whiriwhiri "Hōputu"> "Video"> "AVI". Na te ara, ki te hiahia noa koe ki te purei i ngā kōnae WLMP i runga i etahi pūrere, ka taea e haere koe ki te kāwai "Pūrere" ki te whiriwhiri i tō pūrere e minaminatia.
Tuhipoka: Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakaturia te tahi mau tawhā ataata rite kōtēke ataata, taumira, auau moka, etc, pāwhiri i te kōwhiringa Tautuhinga i te raro o te röpü Hōputu Huaputa. Reira, ka taea e koe te tiki i te kōwhiringa e pā ana.
4. Tahuri kōnae WLMP ki ngā kōnae AVI
Noa patua te pātene "Convert" i runga i te kokonga raro-matau o tenei WLMP ki atanga matua AVI converter 's ataata. Ko te katoa. Ka tīmata tēnei taupānga ki te tahuri koutou kōnae ki kōnae tonu AVI.
Ka oti te faafariuraa ataata i roto i te meneti. I muri i taua, ka taea e hohoro kei a koutou te kōnae AVI ului e patu i te pātene "Open Kōpaki" i te raro o te atanga matua. Na, tika pārekareka ki a koutou kōnae AVI. Ki te hiahia koe ki te hoatu i te kōnae huaputa i runga i tō pūrere, whakawhiti ratou tika ki te pūrere mā te taura.
Wāhanga 2: FreeWLMP ki AVI Converter
# 1. Free WLMP ki AVI Converter: Wondershare Video Converter Free
Ko te tino tenei he WLMP noa ki AVI converter. Koe e kore anake e taea te whakamahi i te reira ki te tahuri ataata i roto i tetahi hōputu, tikiake ataata i YouTube, a tae noa whakatika ataata i te trimming, poro, tāpiri upoo me te ake.
Pro: 100% WLMP free ki AVI converter
Raruraru:
1. Te reira anake ka taea tahuri koe ki ataata noa. E kore e taea e koe te whakamahi i te reira ki te tahuri ki a 3D me ngā ataata HD.
2. Ka taea e koe 30X tere convertsion tere hoki noa 10 wa.
3. E kore e taea te tahuri hāngai koe ataata ki o koutou iOS me ngā pūrere Android.
Wāhanga 3: Online WLMP ki AVI Converter
Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te kaitahuri ataata ipurangi free i raro. Tahuri te reira i ngā ataata ki tata tetahi hōputu.


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Whakapai i te Papapātuhi, Mata, Arahina atu DVD me te More i runga i tou MacBook Pro
Ai Me koe ki te horoi i te papapātuhi, mata, puku DVD, earphone Jack, Ports USB, me te ake i runga i tou Pro MacBook ki te kua whakamahia e koe i te reira mo te wa roa. Ka taea e kite koe i te puehu matotoru ko nga wahi katoa. Heoi, tika e kore e taea te whakamahi hāngai e koe te wahi o te kahu mākū ki te kia mahi i te mahi, no te mea ai te maturuturunga iho te wai i roto i te kakahu maku meinga koutou Pro MacBook te haukoti mahi. I roto i te e whai ake nei, kei te tuhituhi tohutohu me te tinihanga hoki te pehea, ki te horoi MacBook Pro / MacBook Air / iMac. Pāwhiritia te wahi hiahia i roto i te koe.
Clean MacBook Papapātuhi Pro
Na, i hanga e koe he hape na roto i te kai i roto i te mua o to koutou MacBook, a maturuturu koutou kai inu ranei i runga i taua mea. Ko te kai inu ranei ko katoa i runga i te papapātuhi, inaianei aha e meatia e koe? Hei tīmata horoi koutou papapātuhi, tutakina iho tou pona, me te kia e kore te te whāurutau mana mono mai ki reira. Tuatahi, kia tino ki te tiki i te tauera maroke, me te hohoro muru atu te kai inu ranei atu o koutou papapātuhi. Ko, kihai koutou i hohoro nui ki te muru i te i takirimatia te, me te inaianei tou papapātuhi he tāpiapia. Taahiraa Tuarua ki te mahi ki te he ki te pehea e taua papapātuhi tāpiapia mā te whiwhi i te tauera maroke, me te faaohipa i te hinu tamaiti i runga i taua mea. Na āta, horoia e te mau taviri ki te hinu tamaiti tono i runga i te tauera maroke. Mihi, i teie nei e koe i te papapātuhi ma kore-tāpiapia!
Clean MacBook Mata Pro
Cleaning koutou mata MacBook he ngāwari, kei rite ki te roa rite koe tino tupato i runga i pehea koe rave i te reira. Ko te mahi tuatahi, me te tino nui ko te ki te tahuri atu te mata o tō pona, me te kia e kore te mono i te whāurutau mana ki te pona. Ko tenei ki te kia tino kahore tupu ki a koutou i te pona ranei. Taahiraa Tuarua, te tiki i te kakahu microfiber me te tīmata te tango i tetahi matūriki puehu i runga i tou mata. E kore koe e hiahia ki te tono rawa nui te pēhanga ahakoa. Eaha te nehenehe ia outou ia rave he mau mata o tō pona i te hoki me ka tīmata horoi i te mata ki te kakahu microfiber. E kore koe e hiahia ki te pupuri i te mata ano ka whiwhi koe i ringa ki reira ranei. Kia e mahi koe horoi i te mata, a koutou aianei i te MacBook mata ma! Ko, mo te hunga e whai matimati i runga i to ratou mata, me te kore te tamaroraa i te maka o te reira, haere tenei ako ki a koutou. Taahiraa Tuatahi, tahuri atu tou pona, me te unu i te whāurutau mana. Taahiraa Tuarua, te tiki i te kakahu microfiber, me te maku te reira i te iti noa. Kaua e waiwai koutou tauera i roto i te wai. Me tika koe ki te whakamakuku tetahi matamata o te tauera. Taahiraa Tuatoru, whakamahi e ki te matamata mākū o te tauera ka tahia atu te ringa ki te mata. Kia maroke te reira, a ka muru o koutou mata ki te kakahu microfiber maroke ki te kia e he pokekore tou mata MacBook.
Whakapai i te Āhua o te MacBook
Ki te horoi i te ahua o to koutou MacBook, e hiahia ana koe ki te whai i ēnei kaupae rite whakaakona. Taahiraa Tuatahi ko te tahuri atu tou pona, me te unu i te whāurutau mana. Taahiraa Tuarua, te tiki i te kakahu ngohengohe o tetahi ahua, me te mākū tetahi taha o te reira. Ki te reira rawa nui te wai te i runga i te tauera, ka kotēhia te wai i te taikaha i roto i te kakahu, me te ka kia mākū koutou tauera. Taahiraa Tuatoru āta, muru koutou MacBook te wahi e tuhu nga pere. Hoki te hunga ki te kaikōrero i runga i te taha, mataara i hoki e. Kaua e muru te reira ki te kakahu hou. Whakamahia te kakahu maroke mo te hunga kaikōrero.
Tauranga USB Clean i runga i MacBook
Tēnā āta pānui i te kaupae i runga i pehea ki te horoi o koutou tauranga USB i runga i tou MacBook. Ko te taahiraa ohie tenei engari e hiahia ana koe ki te kia tupato kore ki te mahi i tetahi mea e kore ngā i whakaakona. E NOT e hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi i tetahi momo o te wai mo tenei tukanga. Taahiraa Tuatahi, tahuri atu tou pona, me te unu i te whāurutau mana. Taahiraa Tuarua, hoko rangi kōpeke. Taahiraa Tuatoru, rehu te roto o koutou tauranga USB ki te rangi kōpeke. Na roto i te mahi e, e whakatangi te rangi i te matūriki puehu roto koutou tauranga USB. Hau kōpeke Ko te tikanga pai i runga i te horoi o koutou tauranga USB. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakamahi i te ūkuia miro rite whakakapinga, ki te kahore koutou e whai tetahi te rangi kōpeke i roto i te taonga koutou rohe.
Clean Earphone Jack
Hoki te horoi i te roto o tou Jack earphone, ka waiho te reira i te tukanga taua rite ta koutou mo te horoi o koutou tauranga USB. Taahiraa Tuatahi, tahuri atu tou pona, me te unu i te whāurutau mana. Taahiraa Tuarua, te whakamahi i te rangi kōpeke ki whakatangi te roto o to koutou Jack earphone. Ko te matūriki puehu, ki te reira e tetahi, ka kia nekehia atu e te rangi kōpeke.
Clean DVD Puku
Ka te taua tukanga e whakamahia e koe mo te rua i runga ake te whakamahi mō te horoi o koutou puku MacBook DVD. Taahiraa Tuatahi, tahuri atu tou pona, me te unu i te whāurutau mana. Taahiraa Tuarua, te whakamahi i te rangi kōpeke taua ki te whakatangi i te roto o tō puku MacBook DVD, me te kia hoatu e koe te kakau witi te rangi kōpeke roto i te puku DVD kia ka tangohia te matūriki puehu.
Dos & pēnei
O
- A PEE I TE TOHUTOHU!
- Horoia a roto o TŌ MacBook maha, KAUA E hanga matūriki puehu UP Roto.
- TAKE WHAKATŪPATO IA TEETH TŌ MacBook. A IT AN pona utu, KAUA E Whatiia IT.
Pēnei
- KAUA E WHAKAMAHIA TĒTAHI WAI FOR TEETH o roto o tō PORTS USB, EARPHONE Jack, AND DRIVE DVD.
- KAUA E rehu WATER runga i tou papapātuhi ki te horoi IT.
- KAUA E WHAKAMAHI tīkaro KI PICK OUT TE DUSTS MEI Roto TO PORTS USB, EARPHONE Jack, ME DRIVE DVD!


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Aspyr Media: te Update Sims 2 University mo Mac
Na Sims He pakeke taitamariki e mahue to ratou mau metua no te arata'i i te ora kāreti mahu'inga. A, no te riro ratou i te Big Sim i runga i Campus, ka taea e hoatu e koe ki a ratou i roto i te oraraa kolisí. Ka poihere ratou to ratou haere noa hou-kitea rite waiho ratou hoa, tango i te wahi i roto i te sororities me te e ongo me wawahia e māna mīharo. Ka mau i tou Sims i te wānanga wera-wahi katoa hoki ratou i nga wa katoa e haere ki te hī, hōpa, whare kawhe me etahi atu. Ka taea e koe te āwhina ratou i roto i te faaotiraa i ngā whāinga oraraa hou ki te riro atu pale me te i tau ratou whare wānanga whiwhi katoa o nga painga.
Gameplay
He he pūnaha mauhaa ohie i roto i te University, tae atu i te Guitar hou, Drum Kit, me te taonga Bass. E taea e ki te tākaro tahi rave rahi Sims. Na roto i te te tākaro i rota hapori (hei tauira, ngā karapu waiata toa kawhe ranei) i to ratou mau fare e aore, e taea ki te imi i te moni Sims. Ki enei mea, i te Sims taea tākaro e toru momo o nga momo waiata me tīmata kotahi te Sim te tākaro tetahi o nga momo, nga era atu nei timata ki te takaro ki e taea uru atu ki te kāhua taua mea. Ko te mahi hou "arorangi hoki Tips" pe "arorangi" hinaaro e āhei tetahi Sim ki rap haere ki te mea i te hapa ranei te cappella ki te oaoa i me te hōhā whakangahau ranei ētahi atu Sims tata ahakoa e kore e taea e Sims i ngā kaiwaiata tūturu.
College mātauranga
Ko te pūnaha kolisí ko te painga nui o te Sims 2: University. Ko te pūnaha whakamōhio Meiha, ngaahi kalasi, me te utu. Ka taea e ngā ākonga te whiriwhiri tahi momo rerekē o Meiha. Me enei Meiha te haereraa i mua o ngā pūkenga ki te tiki i te teitei auroro pūmanawa. Kei roto i te Meiha wātea Philosophy, Pāngarau, Ahupūngao, Psychology, pūtaiao Political, Koiora, Art, Drama, History, Ohaoha me te Literature.
Ākonga pūtea
Haamata nga ākonga ki te pūtea, motu ke i tetahi hapu kia ratou i. Whakaaetia ngā ākonga ki te whakapau i to ratou moni i runga i nga mea utu nui i roto i to ratou kakahu anō, wāhi, me te gadgets hiko noa i runga i te tono i te whare tūmataiti e taea te tahuri ki te Whare Kariki ranei e taea e te fare tūmataiti i roto i te Whare Wānanga ranei ora.
Zombies
Kawea University i Zombies, i te mea he ahua hou o Sim. Zombies ahu mai i te whakamahi o te waehere tinihanga i roto i te whakamahi o te fakatu'uake-e-Nomitron ranei. rnThe kaitākaro ui te Kaitapahi Grim ki te whakahoki mai i te Sim mate mā te whakamahi i te fakatu'uake-e-Nomitron. Te ti'aturi i te moni o te moni e whakarato ana te kaitākaro ki te Kaitapahi Grim, kia hoki ki te ora kawea ai te Sim i roto i te ara tika, me iti ngā tuakiri ranei pūkenga o te zombie, e kore i te katoa ranei. Ko hina Zombies'skin, ina shamble ratou, ina e haere ana ratou, a ka kino ratou tetahi nei whakahokia ana ratou e ia ki te ora ano. Ngaro ano zombies etahi ngā tuakiri me te mohio whakamahia ratou ki te whai, ka i te tangata ano e ratou.
Tefito e pā ana
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