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ka ʻAhahui Kaʻa Mokulele ʻĀina (IATA) ua koi aku i nā aupuni e hana pili pū me ka ʻoihana mokulele e hōʻoia e hiki i ka mokulele a me nā ʻōnaehana palekana mokulele ke noho maluhia me ka palekana. nā lawelawe 5G hou.
ʻOiai ke ʻike nei ʻo IATA i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka spectrum no ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā kelepona kelepona ʻoihana e hiki mai ana, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā pae o ka palekana o kēia manawa o nā poʻe holo kaʻa, nā holo mokulele, a me nā mokulele e hoʻomau i kekahi o nā mea nui o ke aupuni. Ua hiki mai ke kelepona i ka hui ʻana o ka ʻoihana ma Doha, Qatar ma ka 78th IATA Annual General Meeting.
"ʻAʻole pono mākou e hana hou i ka ʻike hou ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i hoʻopuka ʻia ai nā lawelawe C-band spectrum 5G i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia i ka mokulele, ma muli o ka pilikia o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā radio altimeters e koʻikoʻi i ka pae mokulele a me nā ʻōnaehana palekana. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻokō maikaʻi nā ʻāina he nui i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā koi o nā mea lawelawe 5G, ʻoiai me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mitigations e pono ai e mālama i ka palekana o ka mokulele a me nā lawelawe paʻa ʻole. ʻO kēia mau mea, no ka laʻana, ʻo Brazil, Kanada, Farani, a me Thailand, "wahi a Willie Walsh, ka Luna Nui o IATA.
Ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā hoʻokaʻawale kikoʻī a i ʻole ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā kudala kikoʻī, ua kāhea ʻo IATA i nā aupuni e hōʻoia i ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana a me ka hoʻomaopopo like ʻana ma waena o nā mea hoʻoponopono palekana a me nā mea hoʻoponopono mokulele i aʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia haʻawina alapine a hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i ka palekana a me ka pono. . He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻāʻo paʻa ʻana me ka poʻe loea kumuhana mokulele i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike pono.
ʻO nā ana i hoʻohana mua ʻia e kekahi mau aupuni penei:
- E hōʻoia i ka hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka spectrum ma waena o ka 5G C-band deployments a me 4.2-4.4 GHz frequency band i hoʻohana ʻia e nā altimeter lekiō.
- Hoʻopili a hoʻokō i ka palena mana kiʻekiʻe loa no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka 5G C-band a me ka hili ʻana i lalo o nā antennae 5G, ʻoi aku ma kahi o nā ala lele.
- Ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻāpana 5G C-band kūpono a me nā ʻāpana mālama a puni nā mokulele.
Ua ʻike ʻo IATA e hoʻomau nei nā mokulele e holo ana i/mai a i loko o ka US me nā hopena o ka ʻōwili ʻia ʻana o 5G, me kahi kuhikuhi ea e kali nei mai ka Federal Aviation Administration e koi ana iā lākou e hoʻihoʻi hou / hoʻomaikaʻi i nā altimeters lekiō ma kā lākou uku ponoʻī e hiki ai i kēlā me kēia. e hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CAT II a me CAT III i nā ala ʻike haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma nā mokulele US he nui kahi lawelawe 5G C-Band i kēia manawa a i ʻole e kau ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana. He mea hopohopo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka manawa, e like me ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau hoʻopukapuka kālā a me ka ʻole o ka maopopo e pili ana i ke kaiapuni spectrum e hiki mai ana. Eia kekahi, 19 mau hui kelepona hou e hoʻolālā ʻia e kau i nā pūnaewele 5G ma Dekemaba 2023.
"ʻO ka hoʻoholo unilateral a FAA e koi aku i nā mokulele e hoʻololi a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i kā lākou radio altimeters i kēia manawa - i ʻae ʻia e ka FAA a me ka US Federal Communications Commission - ma Iulai 2023 he mea hōʻeha a ʻaʻole maoli. ʻAʻole i ʻae a hōʻoia paha ka FAA i nā hopena palekana āpau e pono ai, ʻaʻole i hiki i nā mea hoʻolako pūnaewele ke ʻōlelo me ka maopopo i ka wā e loaʻa ai nā mea hana no ka hapa nui o nā ʻauwaʻa. No laila pehea e hiki ai ke hilinaʻi i ka timeline? Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i ka FAA ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole pono nā mokulele e hoʻokō hou i nā hoʻomaikaʻi hou aku i nā altimeters lekiō no ka mea ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā pūnaewele 5G i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka palekana kā mākou mea nui loa, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō me kēia ala wikiwiki. Pono ka FAA e hoʻomau i ka hana pū ʻana me nā mea kuleana āpau, me ka FCC a me ka ʻāpana telecom, e wehewehe i nā hopena a me nā lā palena e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, "wahi a Walsh.
Ua ʻike a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) a me ka International Telecommunications Union (ITU) i ko lākou mau lālā lālā a me nā Administrations i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻole o nā ʻōnaehana a me nā lawelawe e kū nei mai ke keakea ʻino (2). E lilo ana kēia i mea koʻikoʻi ʻoiai ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nei ka spectrum i nā lawelawe kelepona hou.


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He acronym ʻo HEPA no ka High Efficiency Particulate Air, no laila ʻo nā kānana HEPA he mau kānana ea ʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe. Pono ka kānana HEPA H14 e hopu i ka 99.995 pakeneka o 0.3 mau microns a i ʻole nā mea liʻiliʻi, e like me ka Institute of Environmental Science and Technology.
Hoʻohālikelike Micron
Spore: 3-40um
Mold: 3-12 um
ʻO ka bacteria: 0.3 a 60um
Hoʻokuʻu kaʻa: 1-150um
ʻO ka oxygen maʻemaʻe: 0.0005um
I ka pōkole, kānana ʻo HEPA i nā mea haumia ea ma kahi pūnaewele paʻakikī o nā fiber. Ma muli o ka nui o nā ʻāpana, hiki ke hana i kēia ma nā ʻano ʻano ʻehā: inertial collision, diffusion, interception or screening.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea haumia nui e ka hopena inertial a me ka nānā ʻana. Kuʻi nā ʻāpana me nā ʻili a hopu ʻia, a i ʻole hopu ʻia e hoʻāʻo ana e hele i loko o nā ʻili. I ka hele ʻana o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma waena o ka kānana, paʻa lākou e nā fibers. Hoʻopau ʻia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ko lākou hele ʻana i loko o ke kānana, a hui pū me nā fiber a paʻa.
Ma waho aʻe o ka lilo ʻana i mea kōkua nui i ka pili ʻana me COVID-19, hiki i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea ke hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ea ma hope o ka puka ʻana o COVID-19, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke anu i nā kula a i ʻole nā keʻena. Hoʻopili pū ia i nā allergens mai ka lewa a pale i nā pilikia allergy i ka wā pollen. Hiki i ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea me ka hana humidifying ke hoʻoponopono a mālama i ka haʻahaʻa, pale i ka ʻōpū hanu, a pale i nā maʻi hanu i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ea maloʻo.
ʻO nā nanocrystals he sepiolite, attapulgite a me ka diatomite (diatom mud), he mau mineral non-metallic kakaikahi ma ke ʻano a he waiwai nui nā adsorbents mineral pore. Ma hope o ka hoʻonohonoho kūpono o kēia mau minerala, hoʻokumu ʻia nā nanocrystals e like me nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea. I waena o lākou, hiki i ka nano-lattice o sepiolite a me attapulgite ke komo i ka formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia a me nā mea ʻona a me nā mea ʻino ʻole nano-level liʻiliʻi polar i loko o ka lewa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i ka diatomite ke komo wale i ka micron-level macromolecular ea haumia, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi. nā ala adsorption no nā kristal nano-mineral e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena adsorption o nā kristal nano-mineral. ʻEkolu mau hiʻohiʻona nui ka Nanometer mineral crystal air purifier: ka wikiwiki adsorption wikiwiki, recyclable, a me nā kānana molekole polar.
Hoʻonoho nā limahana i ka mīkini disinfection ma kahi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, a hoʻomaka i ka hana disinfection ma hope o ka pani ʻana i nā puka, nā puka makani, ka ea a me ka ʻōnaehana ea hou. Holo 'akomi ka lopako a ho'okomo i ka disinfectant ma ke 'ano micron dry-fog. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻina hana disinfection e like me ke ala i hoʻonohonoho ʻia a me ke ʻano disinfection, e hoʻomau ka ea maloʻo i ka disinfect i ka ea no 30 a 60 mau minuke. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka disinfection, wehe i nā puka a me nā puka makani no ka hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe no 30 mau minuke, a laila ʻike i ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide i ka lewa. Ke emi ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide ma mua o 1ppm, hiki i nā kānaka ke komo, a pau ka disinfection.
Hoʻohana ka mea hana i ka hydrogen peroxide atomized e like me ka disinfectant. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka solution hydrogen peroxide me 7.5% (W/W) i loko o ka mīkini e like me ka wai. Ma o ka atomization, hydrogen peroxide e hoʻomau mau ʻia i loko o kahi wahi paʻa e denature i ka microbial protein a me nā mea genetic i ka lewa a ma luna o ka ʻili o nā mea, no laila ke alakaʻi nei i ka make o nā microorganisms, a ma muli o ka hopena, e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka disinfection.
ʻO Staphylococcus albicans, bacteria ea maoli, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis a me nā ʻano ʻeleʻele ʻē aʻe i ʻātomized a pepehi ʻia.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ke anawaena injection o ka atomizing intelligent disinfection robot ma mua o 5 mika, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke anawaena injection o ka mīkini disinfection portable ma mua o 3 mika. Hiki ke uhi koke ʻia ka lumi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e ka neʻe ʻana o Brown.
Hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka mīkini disinfection naʻauao e ka papa, hoʻomaka me hoʻokahi kī, kikoʻī a pololei hoʻi ka ʻikepili hoʻohana i ka wā o ka hana disinfection. Loaʻa i ka helu helu ke kaʻina hana disinfection a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia / mālama ʻia.
Hiki i ka hydrogen peroxide naʻauao disinfection robot ke disinfect i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o 1500m³ ma ka uku hoʻokahi, hiki i ka mīkini disinfection portable ke disinfect i kahi ākea o 100m³, hiki i ka mīkini disinfection vaporization ke disinfect i kahi ākea o 300m³, a hiki i ka mīkini disinfection ultraviolet ke disinfect i ka mīkini. ka nui loa o 350m³.
Ae. Hiki i kā mākou robot disinfection ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻokele ponoʻī a me ka disinfection maʻalahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike pale pale he nui, e like me ka laser, ultrasonic, kamera hohonu, a pēlā aku.
Aia hoʻokahi makahiki palapala hōʻoia no ka mīkini holoʻokoʻa, e helu ana mai ka lā kūʻai aku (pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka invoice). Inā aia ka mīkini disinfection i loko o ka manawa hōʻoia. Hiki ke hoʻoponopono manuahi ʻia nā hewa i hana ʻia e ka huahana ponoʻī.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


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PENE 8
Mana Akaoki Akaouia Mai—A Iehova ‘Te Akariro Nei i te Au Mea Ravarai ei Mea Ou’
1, 2. Eaa te au ngere anga te takino ra i te pamiri tangata i teia tuatau, e akapeea teia i te akakeu anga ia tatou?
KUA ngaro me kare kua ngaa te apinga kangakanga tei inangaroia e tetai tamaiti e kua aue maromaroa. E tangi aroa te aue anga! Inara, kua kite ana ainei koe i nga mata o tetai tamaiti i te puera anga i te akaoki akaou anga mai tetai metua i te apinga tei ngaro ra? Ki te metua, penei e mea mama ua i te kimi i te apinga kangakanga me kare kia maani akaou i te reira. Inara kua kata akaou te tamaiti e kua umere akaou. Ko tei manakoia e kua ngaro mutu kore ra kua akaoki akaouia mai!
2 Tei ia Iehova, te Metua meitaki roa, te mana no te akaoki akaou mai i tei manakoia e tana tamariki i te enua nei ei mea puapinga kore. Ae, kare tatou e te tuatua nei no te au apinga kangakanga. I roto i teia “au tuatau kikino tei ngata roa no te akono,” ka aro atu tatou i te au mea i ngaro ra e tei pakari roa atu. (2 Timoteo 3:1-5, NW) Te au mea tei akaperepereia e te au tangata ravarai i te akaraanga kua o atu ki roto i te tumatetenga—te kainga, te au apinga, te angaanga, e te oraanga kopapa. Penei ka taitaia katoa tatou me akamanako tatou i te takinokino angaia te reva e te ngere anga tei tupu mai, na roto i te kore anga, o te au mea ora e manganui te tu. Inara, kare atu e apinga ke ka akakino mai ia tatou mari ra te matenga o tetai tei akaperepereia e tatou. Te au manako o tei ngere e te maroiroi kore e mea maata tikai.—2 Samuela 18:33.
3. Eaa te manakonakoanga pumaana tei akakiteia mai ia Angaanga 3:21, e na roto i teea ravenga ta Iehova akatupu anga i te reira?
3 Mei teaa, i reira, te pumaana i te apii i to Iehova mana akaoki akaou! Mei ta tatou ka kite atu, te vaira te turanga umere no runga i ta te Atua ka rauka e ka rave no te akaoki akaou mai no tana tamariki i te enua nei. Ko te tika, te akaari maira te Pipiria e kua akakoro a Iehova i te tuatau “e akaoki akaou mai ei Angaanga 3:21, NW) E akatupu ei i teia, ka taangaanga a Iehova i te Patireia o te Mesia, tei tutaraia e tana Tamaiti, ko Iesu Karaiti. Te akaari maira te akakite anga e kua akamata teia Patireia i te tutara i te rangi i te 1914. * (Mataio 24:3-14) Eaa te ka akaoki akaouia mai? Ka akara ana tatou i etai o ta Iehova au angaanga mekameka no te akaoki akaou mai. Ko tetai o teia te akara nei tatou e te kite nei. Ko tetai atu ka tupu maata a te tuatau ki mua.te au mea katoa.” (
Te Akaoki Akaou Mai i te Akamori Anga Ma
4, 5. Eaa tei tupu ki to te Atua iti tangata i te 607 M.T.N., e eaa oki te manakonakoanga ta Iehova i oronga atu kia ratou?
4 Ko tetai apinga ta Iehova i akaoki akaouia mai koia oki ko te akamori anga ma. E raukai kia marama e eaa te aite anga o teia, ka akara poto ua tatou i te tuatua enua o te Patireia o Iuda. Te raveanga i te reira te oronga maira kia tatou i te kite maoraora ki roto i to Iehova mana akaoki akaouia mai e angaanga ra.—Roma 15:4.
5 Ka akamanako ana i te manako o te au ngati Iuda pikikaa kore i te 607 M.T.N. i te akapou angaia a Ierusalema. Kua akapueurikirikiia to ratou oire akaperepereia, kua akapueuia tona au paruru. Tei kino roa atu, ko te iero mekameka ta Solomona i patu, te ngai maata o te akamori anga ma a Iehova i te enua katoa, kua akarukeia mai ei ututua. (Salamo 79:1) Kua takiia atu te aronga i ora mai ei aronga tuikaa ki Babulonia, te akarukeanga mai i to ratou enua ei ngai tanea no te au animara taetaevao. (Ieremia 9:11) Mei te akaraanga a te tangata, kua puapinga kore te au mea ravarai. (Salamo 137:1) Inara kua oronga mai a Iehova, tei taputou i teia akapou anga mei ito mai, i te manakonakoanga e te vaira te tuatau ki mua te akaoki akaou mai.
6-8. (a) Eaa te tumu tuatua taokioki ua te kiteia ra i roto i te au tataanga a te au peroveta Epera, e akapeea taua au totou i te akaoki angaia i te akamata anga? (e) I teia tuatau, akapeea to te Atua iti tangata i te kite anga i te tupu anga o te au totou akaoki akaou mai?
* Na roto ia ratou, kua taputou mai a Iehova i tetai enua akaoki akaouia mai e ka tangataia, ka tuputupu, ka paruruia mei te au manu taae e te tamaki anga a te enemi. Kua akataka mai aia i to ratou enua akaoki akaouia mai ei parataito tikai! (Isaia 65:25; Ezekiela 34:25; 36:35) Tei maata rava atu, ka akanoo akaouia te akamori anga ma, e ka patu akaouia te iero. (Mika 4:1-5) Kua oronga teia au totou i te manakonakoanga ki te au ngati Iuda tei akatuikaaia, te tauturuanga ia ratou kia akakoromaki i to ratou akatuikaa angaia e 70 mataiti i Babulonia.6 Ko te tika, e tumu tuatua taokioki ua te akaoki akaou mai i roto i te au tataanga a te au peroveta Epera.
7 I te openga ra, kua tae mai te tuatau no te akaoki akaou mai. Kua tukunaia mai mei Babulonia, kua oki atu te au ngati Iuda ki Ierusalema e kua patu akaou i to Iehova iero i reira. (Ezera 1:1, 2) Me akono ua ratou i te akamori anga ma, ka akameitaki a Iehova ia ratou e ka akatupu akaou i to ratou enua e kia ruperupe ra. Kua paruru aia ia ratou mei te au enemi mei te au manu taae tei akaaere i to ratou enua no tetai au ngauru mataiti. Mei teaa ra to ratou rekareka anga i roto i te mana akaoki akaouia mai o Iehova ra! Inara kua akatutu ua mai taua au kite anga i tetai tupu anga mua ma te kotingaia o te au totou akaoki akaou mai. Te aere maira tetai tupu anga maata atu “i te au rā openga ra,” i to tatou nei tuatau, i te akaterono angaia tei Tau no te Ariki ko Davida tei taputouia kua roa te tuatau.—Isaia 2:2-4; 9:5, 6.
8 I muri poto ua ake i to Iesu akaterono angaia i roto i te Patireia i te rangi ra i te 1914, kua akono atu aia i te au umuumu anga i te pae vaerua o te iti tangata pikikaa kore o te Atua i te enua nei. Mei ta tei autu ra o Peresia ko Kuro te akarangatira anga i te toenga o te au ngati Iuda mei Babulonia i te 537 M.T.N., kua akarangatira mai a Iesu i tetai toenga o te au ngati Iuda pae vaerua—tana uaorai au pipi—mei te akamana anga a Babulonia i teia tuatau, te patireia o te akonoanga pikikaa i te ao. (Roma 2:29; Apokalupo 18:1-5) Mei te 1919 mai e aere ua atu, kua akaoki akaouia mai te akamori anga ma ki tona ngai tau i roto i te au oraanga o te au Kerititiano tika tikai. (Malaki 3:1-5) Mei reira maira, kua akamori to Iehova iti tangata iaia i roto i tona iero pae vaerua ma—ta te Atua akapapaanga no te akamori anga viivii kore. Eaa ra teia i puapingai kia tatou i teia tuatau?
Akaoki Akaou Mai i te Pae Vaerua—Eaa i Puapingai
9. I muri ake i te tuatau o te au apotetoro, eaa tei raveia e te au akonoanga a Kerititome ki te akamori anga a te Atua, inara eaa ta Iehova i rave i to tatou tuatau?
9 Ka akara ana i te tumu manako tuatua enua. Kua rekareka te au Kerititiano i te anere mataiti mua i te au akameitakianga pae vaerua e manganui. Inara kua totou a Iesu e te au apotetoro e ka akataeroia te akamori anga mou e ka ngaro ke. (Mataio 13:24-30; Angaanga 20:29, 30) I muri ake i te tuatau o te au apotetoro, kua tupu mai a Kerititome. Kua ariki tona au orometua i te au apiianga peikani e te au raveanga. Kua rave katoa ratou i te tuatua atu ki te Atua inara kua puapinga kore, te akatakaanga iaia ei Toru Tai kare e maramaia e te apiianga i te tangata kia aaki ki te au orometua e kia pure kia Maria e tetai “au tainiti” tuketuke kare kia Iehova. Teianei, i muri ake i te au anere mataiti e manganui o taua akataero anga, eaa ta Iehova i rave? I rotopu i teia ao—e ao tei kukumiia e te au akonoanga pikikaa e kua akaviiviiia e te au raveanga tau kore ki te Atua—kua akao mai aia e kua akaoki akaouia mai i te akonoanga ma! Ma te kore te tuatua maata, ka rauka ia tatou i te tuatua e ko teia akaoki akaou mai ko tetai o te au tupu anga puapinga i roto i teia tuatau.
10, 11. (a) Eaa nga mea e rua tei o atu ki roto i te parataito i te pae vaerua, e akapeea koe i te o atu anga? (e) Eaa te tu o te tangata ta Iehova i akaputuputu mai i roto i te parataito pae vaerua, e eaa ta ratou ka akameitakiia i te kite atu?
10 No reira te rekareka nei te au Kerititiano mou o teia tuatau i te parataito pae vaerua. Eaa tei kapitiia mai i roto i teia parataito? Te mea maata, e rua nga tuanga. Te mea mua ko te akamori anga ma a te Atua mou, ko Iehova. Ioane 4:24) Te tuanga rua o te parataito pae vaerua te kapiti maira i te tangata. Mei ta Isaia i totou ra, i “te au rā openga ra,” kua apii a Iehova i tona aronga akamori i te au mataara o te au. Kua akakore aia i te tamaki anga i roto ia tatou. Noatu to tatou au tu apa ua, te tauturu maira aia ia tatou kia “akatangata ou.” Te akameitaki maira aia i ta tatou au tauta anga ma tona vaerua tapu, te akatupu ra i te au ua manea ki roto ia tatou. (Ephesia 4:22-24; Galatia 5:22, 23) Me angaanga rotai koe ma te vaerua o te Atua, e tuanga tikai koe no te parataito pae vaerua ra.Kua akameitaki mai aia ia tatou ma tetai mataara akamori anga kare te au pikikaa e te au manako uri ke. Kua akameitaki mai aia ia tatou ma te kai pae vaerua. Kua akariro teia ia tatou kia apii no runga i to tatou Metua i te rangi ra, kia akamareka iaia, e kia akavaitata atu kiaia. (
11 Kua akaputuputu mai a Iehova ki roto i teia parataito pae vaerua i te tu tangata tana e inangaro ra—te aronga te inangaro ra iaia, te inangaro ra i te au, e tei “manako i to ratou anoano i te pae vaerua.” (Mataio 5:3, NW) Ko te reira te au tangata te ka akameitakiia kia kite atu i te tu akaoki akaou mai umere tikai—koia oki to te au tangata ravarai e te enua katoa.
“I na, Te Akariro Nei Au i te Au Mea Ravarai ei Mea Ou”
12, 13. (a) Eaa oki te au totou no te akaoki akaou mai ka akatupuiai i roto i tetai turanga ke atu? (e) Eaa oki ta Iehova akakoroanga no te enua mei tei taikuia i Edene ra, e eaa ra teia i oronga mai ei i te manakonakoanga kia tatou no te tuatau ki mua?
12 E manganui te au totou no te akaoki akaou mai e maata atu to te reira taiku anga ki te akaoki akaou mai i te pae vaerua. Ei akatauanga, kua tata a Isaia no tetai tuatau ka rapakauia te maki, te pirikoki, te matapo, e te turi e pera katoa te mate ka apukuia e tuatau ua atu. (Isaia 25:8; 35:1-7) Kare taua au taputou i tupu tikai i roto ia Iseraela taito. Koi kiteai e tatou te tupu anga pae vaerua o teia au taputou i to tatou tuatau, te vaira te au tumu kia irinaki e a te tuatau ki mua, ka tupu tika tikai te reira ma te maata. Akapeea tatou i te kite anga i te reira?
13 I Edene ra, kua akataka meitaki a Iehova i tona akakoroanga no te enua: Kia nooia te reira e te au pamiri tangata mataora, maroiroi, e te taokotai. Kia akono te tane e te vaine i te enua e te au mea ora katoa, kia akariro i te enua katoa ei parataito. (Genese 1:28) Te tuke ra te reira ki te au mea o teia tuatau. Inara, kia papu e, kare rava ta Iehova akakoroanga e tamanataia. (Isaia 55:10, 11) Na Iesu, te Ariki Mesia tei akatainuia e Iehova, e apai mai i teia Parataito i te ao katoa.—Luka 23:43.
14, 15. (a) Akapeea a Iehova i te ‘akariro anga i te au mea ravarai ei mea ou’? (e) Mei teaa rai te oraanga i roto i te Parataito, e ko teea turanga taau e reka ra?
Apokalupo 21:5) Ka akamanako ana i te aite anga o te reira. Me akamutu a Iehova i te taangaangaanga i tona mana akapou ki runga i teia akatereanga kino e te taito, ka vai ua mai te “rangi ou e te enua ou.” Teia te aiteanga ka tutara tetai kavamani ou mei te rangi mai ki rungao i tetai taiate enua ou o te aronga te inangaro ra ia Iehova e te rave ra i tona anoano. (2 Petero 3:13) Ko Satani, ma tana au temoni, ka maroia kia kore e angaanga akaou. (Apokalupo 20:3) No te taime mua i roto i te au tauatini mataiti, ka matara mai te au tangata ravarai mei te akamana anga akataero, riri ua, e te papu kore. Kare e ekoko anga e ka maata te tu akamaru anga.14 Ka akamanako ana i te kiteanga i te enua katoa i te akariro angaia ei Parataito! Te karanga ra a Iehova no taua tuatau: “I na, te akariro nei au i te au mea ravarai ei mea ou.” (
15 I te openga ra, ka rauka ia tatou i te akono i teia paraneta manea mei tei akakoroia no tatou kia pera. E mana natura akaoki akaouia mai to te enua. Ka rauka i te au roto e te kauvai akataeroia i te tama ia raua uaorai me akakoreia te tumu o te akataero anga; ka au ua te au ngai tamakiia me akakoreia te au tamaki. Mei teaa te rekareka anga i te angaanga rotai anga ma te enua, te tauturuanga i te akariro i te reira ei aua kainga manea, tetai Edene i te koropu ma te tuke anga e te ope kore! Koi kore ei e tamate ua i te au animara e te au tu rakau, ka au ua te tangata ma te au mea i angaia i te enua nei. Pera te au tamariki kare ratou e mataku i te au animara taetaevao.—Isaia 9:5, 6; 11:1-9.
16. I roto i te Parataito, eaa te akaoki akaou mai ka kitea e te au tangata pikikaa kore tataki tai?
16 Ka kite katoa tatou i te akaoki akaou mai i roto i to tatou uaorai turanga. I muri ake ia Aramakito, ka kite atu te aronga i ora mai i te au rapakauanga temeio ma te maata tikai. Mei tana i rave iaia i te enua, ka taangaanga a Iesu i tona mana orongaia mai e te Atua kia akaoki akaou mai i te kite mata ki te matapo, kia rongo akaou te Mataio 15:30) Ka rekareka tei ruaine i te tu maroiroi totomapu tei akaouia, te oraanga kopapa, e te tu oraora. (Iobu 33:25) Ka kore te pakiri karukaru, ka akatikaia tei pirikoki, e ka mingi ua te au uaua ma te mana akaou. Ka kite pouroa te au tangata pikikaa kore i te au tupu anga o te ara e te tu apa ua e kore marie ra, e te ngaro ke ra. Mei teaa ta tatou akameitaki anga i te Atua ko Iehova no tona mana akaoki akaouia mai! Ka akara ana tatou i teianei ki runga i tetai tu pumaana tikai o teia tuatau akaoki akaou mai.aronga turi, e kia meitaki tikai te kopapa o te aronga pirikoki e te maki ra. (
Akaoki Akaou Mai i te Ora ki tei Mate Ra
17, 18. (a) Eaa ra a Iesu i ako atu ei i te au Sadukea? (e) Eaa te au turanga tei taki atu ia Elia kia pati kia Iehova kia rave i te akatuakaouanga?
17 I te anere mataiti mua T.N., kare tetai au arataki akonoanga, tei tapaia e ko te Sadukea, i irinaki ana i te tuakaouanga. Kua ako atu a Iesu ia ratou ma teia au tuatua: “Te tarevake nei kotou i te kite kore i te tuatua i tataia ra, e te mana o te Atua.” (Mataio 22:29) Ae, te akakite maira te au Tuatua Tapu e e mana akaoki akaouia mai to Iehova. Akapeea ra?
18 Ka akamaara ana i tei tupu i to Elia tuatau. Te amo ra tetai vaine takaua i te kopapa paruka o tana tamaiti i roto i tona nga rima. Kua mate te tamaiti. Penei kua poitirere oki te peroveta ko Elia, tei riro ana ei manuiri na teia vaine takaua no tetai tuatau. I mua ana, kua akaora aia i teia tamaiti mei te ngere anga i te kai. Penei kua tupu to Elia inangaro akaperepere no teia tamaiti. Kua ati ngakau te mama. Kua riro taua tamaiti ei akamaara anga kiaia no tana tane tei mate ra. Penei kua manakonako aia e a tetai tuatau ka akono mai tana tamaiti iaia i roto i tona ruaine anga. Kua taitaia, kua mataku te vaine takaua e te akautungaia ra aia no tetai kino i topa. Kare i rauka ia Elia i te akara ua atu i teia turanga tei kino ra mei teia te tu. Kua rave marie aia i te kopapa mei te kopu o te mama, kua amo atura iaia ki tona pia, e kua pati atu i te Atua ko Iehova kia akaoki akaou mai i te meta o te tamaiti, me kare te ora.—1 Ariki 17:8-21.
19, 20. (a) Akapeea a Aberahama i te akaari anga e e akarongo tona i roto i te mana akaoki akaouia mai o Iehova, e eaa oki te tumu anga o tona akarongo? (e) Akapeea a Iehova i te tutaki anga i to Elia akarongo?
19 Kare e ko Elia te tangata mua tei irinaki i te tuakaouanga. I te Genese 17:17; 21:2, 3) I muri mai, i te tupu meitaki anga mai taua tamaiti, kua pati atu a Iehova ia Aberahama kia akaatinga i tana tamaiti. Kua akaari a Aberahama i te akarongo, te irinakianga e ka rauka ia Iehova i te akaoki akaou mai ia Isaaka tei akaperepereia e ia. (Ebera 11:17-19) Penei na taua akarongo pakari i akataka mai i te tumu i akapapu ei a Aberahama ki tona au tavini, i mua ake ka kake atu ei i te maunga no te oronga i tana tamaiti ei atinga e ka oki kapipiti mai raua ko Isaaka.—Genese 22:5.au anere mataiti i mua ana, kua irinaki a Aberahama e tei ia Iehova taua mana akaoki akaouia mai—ma tetai tumu meitaki. Ia Aberahama e 100 mataiti e Sarai e 90, kua akaoki akaouia mai a Iehova i to raua au mana uanga tei mate, te akariroanga ia Sarai kia anau mai i tetai tamaiti. (
20 Kua akaora a Iehova ia Isaaka, no reira kare i umuumuia te tuakaouanga i taua tuatau ra. Inara, i to Elia turanga, kua mate ke ana te tamaiti a te vaine takaua—inara kare i roa ana. Kua tutaki atu a Iehova i te akarongo o te peroveta na te akatuanga mai i te tamaiti! I reira kua oronga atu a Elia i te tamaiti ki tona metua vaine, ma teia au tuatua kare e ngaropoinaia: “I na kua ora to tamaiti”!—1 Ariki 17:22-24.
21, 22. (a) Eaa oki te akakoroanga o te tuakaouanga tei rekotiia i roto i te au Tuatua Tapu? (e) I roto i te Parataito, mei teaa te maata o te tuakaou anga, e naai e rave i te reira?
21 No reira no te taime mua i roto i te rekoti Pipiria, kua kite tatou ia Iehova i te taangaangaanga i tona mana kia akaoki akaou mai i tetai oraanga tangata. I muri mai, kua akamana katoa a Iehova ia Elisaia, Iesu, Paulo, e Petero kia akaoki akaou mai i tei mate ra kia ora. E tikai, ko taua aronga tei akatuia mai i te openga ra kua mate akaou. Noatu rai, te oronga maira taua au tataanga Pipiria kia tatou i te akaraanga meitaki o te au mea te aere maira.
22 I roto i te Parataito, ka akatupu a Iesu i tana tuanga angaanga e ‘ko te tuakaouanga, e te ora.’ (Ioane 11:25) Ka akatu mai aia i te au mirioni e manganui, te orongaanga kia ratou i te tuatau kia noo e tuatau ua atu i roto i tetai Parataito i te enua nei. (Ioane 5:28, 29) Ka akamanako ana i te taokotai akaou anga i te takave anga te au oa akaperepereia e te au kopu, tei akatakakeia e te mate, i tetai e tetai, kua mataora tikai ratou uaorai! Ka akapaapaa pouroa te au tangata ravarai ia Iehova no tona mana akaoki akaouia mai.
23. Eaa oki te akatutu anga maata roa atu o te mana o Iehova, e akapeea teia i te akapapu anga mai i to tatou manakonakoanga no te tuatau ki mua?
23 Kua oronga mai a Iehova i tetai akapapu anga ngaueue kore e e tinamou taua au manakonakoanga. I roto i te au akatutu anga maata roa atu i tona mana, kua akatu mai aia i tana Tamaiti, ko Iesu, ei peretana vaerua ririnui, te akariroanga iaia e ko te rua i te pae mai ia Iehova. Kua mama atu a Iesu tei akatuia ki te au anere au kite mata. (1 Korinetia 15:5, 6) E no te aronga ekoko, kua rava ua taua akakiteanga. Tei ia Iehova te mana no te akaoki akaouia mai.
24. Eaa tatou ka papu ei e ka akatu mai a Iehova i tei mate, e eaa oki te manakonakoanga ka tau tatou tataki tai kia akaperepere?
24 Kare ua e kua rauka ia Iehova te mana no te akaoki akaou mai i tei mate ra pera katoa kua inangaro aia i te akapera. Kua akauruia te tangata pikikaa kore ko Iobu kia tuatua e te inangaro ra a Iehova i te akaora akaou i tei mate ra. (Iobu 14:15) Kare ainei e te akavaitataia ra koe ki to tatou Atua, te inangaro ra i te taangaanga i tona mana akaoki akaouia mai na roto i taua tu aroa ra? Inara, kia akamaara, ko tetai tuanga ua teia o ta Iehova angaanga maata no te akaoki akaou mai a te tuatau ki mua. Ia koe e akavaitata atura kiaia, e akaperepere ua atu i te manakonakoanga teitei roa e ka riro ko koe tetai i reira i te kite atu ia Iehova i ‘te akariro anga i te au mea ravarai ei mea ou.’—Apokalupo 21:5.
^ para. 3 “Te tuatau e akaoki akaou mai ei te au mea katoa” kua akamata mai i te akanoo angaia te Patireia o te Mesia ma tetai tei akatuangaia mei te ariki pikikaa kore ko Davida i runga i te terono. Kua taputou a Iehova kia Davida e ka tutara tetai tei akatuangaia nona ra e tuatau ua atu. (Salamo 89:35-37) I muri ake i te takore anga a Babulonia ia Ierusalema i te 607 M.T.N., kare tetai uanga a Davida i noo ana ki runga i te terono o te Atua. Kua riro mai a Iesu, tei anauia mai ki runga i te enua ei tuanga no Davida, e ko te Ariki taputou roaia i tona akatereno angaia i te rangi ra.
^ para. 6 Ei akatauanga, kua tuatua maata a Mose, Isaia, Ieremia, Ezekiela, Hosea, Ioela, Amosa, Obadia, Mika, e Zephania i teia tumu tuatua.


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Tāwhirimātea
Ahakoa ko Ranginui e tū iho nei, ko Tāwhirimātea kē te atua whakahaere i te āhuarangi.
I roto i ngā kōrero mō te orokohanga, ka toko ake te hiahia a ngā tamariki a Ranginui me Papatūānuku kia whakawehe i o rātou mātua, e tiaho ai te mārama ki te ao. Ko Tāwhirimātea anake te mea kāore i whakaāe kia whakawehea ngā mātua. Nō te wehenga a Rangi me Papa, ka kake ake a ia ki te rangi kia noho me tōna pāpā, ki reira wānanga ai rāua i te riri ki ōna tuākana. Nō konei anō ka tīmata a ia te whakawhānau uri.
Ngā hau e whā
Ka tukuna e Tāwhirimātea ōna tamariki ki raro: ko tētahi ki te tūāraki, ko tētahi ki te tonga, ko tētahi ki te marangai, ko tētahi ki te hauāuru. Koinei anō hoki ngā ingoa o āna tamariki.
Kapua
Kātahi ka tono a Tāwhirimātea i ōna kapua, i a Aonui (he kapua mātotoru) rātou ko Aopōuri (he kapua pōuri), ko Aowhētuma (he kapua tarakakā), ko Aowhēkere (he kapua ka pā i mua i te hau āwhiowhio), ko Aokānapanapa (he kapua mākurakura), ko Aopakakina (he kapua pohū ka ahu mai i ngā wāhi katoa), ko Aopakarea (ngā kapua o ngā marangai) me Aotakawe (ngā kapua ka rere wawe i te rangi).
Te whakahekenga a Tāwhirimātea i ōna tungāne
Koia ko te whai utu tēnei a Tāwhirimātea mō te whakawehenga o ngā mātua. Ka whakaeke tuatahi a ia i te atua o te ngahere i a Tāne Mahuta – nāna nei a Rangi me Papa i whakawehe. Ka tuatua a ia ki raro ngā tinana o ngā kōhure o te wao tapu a Tāne. Kātahi ka whakapuke a ia i ngā ngaru teitei hei patu i te atua o te moana i a Tangaroa. Whai muri ka tahuri a ia ki te haukerekere i a Rongomātāne, te atua o te hauhake me te kūmara, me Haumia-tiketike, atua o ngā aruhe. Ka puta o rāua ihu i tā rāua huna ki raro i a Papa. Koinei e tipu whakaroto ana te kūmara.
Te ua, te uawhatu me te tōmairangi
Ka tukuna anō e Tāwhirimātea ōna toa a Uanui, a Uaroa me Uawhatu. Ko o rātou uri ko Haumaringi, ko Haumārotoroto me Tōmairangi.
Tāwhirimātea rāua ko Tūmatauenga
Otirā ka whakaeke a Tāwhirimātea i a Tūmatauenga, te atua o te riri me te ira tangata. Ka tū mārō a Tūmatauenga i ngā āki mai a tōna tungāne. Ka pūkengatia e ia ngā tūmomo karakia kia pā kē mai ko ngā hau mirimiri. Ka matau i a ia ngā karakia tūā hei whakamahea i te rangi. Kore rawa tētahi i hinga i tētahi. E āki tonu ana a Tāwhirimātea i ngā marangai me ngā hau āwhiowhio hei patu i te tangata, i runga i te moana me te whenua.


text:
“E kore te matau e rawe ki te moana takai ai, engari anō a uta”
He whakahaere i ngā tāngata, i ngā taiao, i ngā whakaakoranga kia nui te whaihua, kia iti ngā whakapaunga, e pai ake ai ngā hapori whakaako me ngā hapori ako
Ko tā te kaiwhakarite, he whakataki i te taha whakahaere o te kura, i runga i te whai kia nui te whaihua o ngā mahi, kia iti anō ngā whakapaunga. Ko te arotahinga, ko ngā pūnaha e tautoko ana i ngā whāinga taha mātauranga o te kura. Ko ētahi o ngā kawenga o tēnei tūranga, ko te whakahaere i ngā tāngata, i ngā rawa, i ngā pūnaha whakahaere, me ngā kaupapa whakaako, kaupapa ako, kia puta ai ngā hua e pai ake ai ngā hapori ako. Mā te kaiwhakarite anō e whakataki te urunga mai o ngā āhuatanga hou; māna e whakakaha ake te āheinga o ngā kaimahi i ētahi tūranga matua; māna e whakatītina te kura kia mahi tahi, kia whakapau kaha, kia kaikama tonu, kia hōhonu ake te ako; māna e whakapiki ake ngā tūmanako e teitei kē atu ai ngā taumata e ekea ana e ana ākonga, e kaha kē atu ai tō rātou angitu.


text:
- Ngā whakaaturanga
- Te Reo Pāpāho
Te Reo Pāpāho
Te Reo Pāpāho, he kōrero mō Te Reo Māori e rere ana i ngā aratuku. I tēnei whakaaturanga ka rangona ki ngā kaipāpāho Māori o mua, i ngā wā hei reo whakangahau tae noa ki ngā hōtaka i roto i Te Reo Māori.
Ko Te Reo Pāpāho te tuatoru o whakaaturanga mō Ngā Taonga Kōrero.
1927 - 1945
Tīmata ai ngā pāhotanga irirangi o Aotearoa i te tau 1921 engari nō te 1927 rā anō pāhō tonu ai te reo Māori.
I puta i taua tau ngā waiata a Ngā Māori Variety Entertainers o Pitoone me te Kāreti Māori o Ōtaki.
No te rā o Waitangi i te tau 1928 i pāho ai tētahi whakaari Māori ki ngā teihana e whā o te motu, puta noa ki tāwāhi mā te irirangi shortwave. Kātahi anō ka pērā te whānui o te pāho o tētehi hōtaka i taua wā rā.
Ka tika i a J.F.Montague (kaipāpāho Pākehā) te whakahua kupu Māori i taua tau anō hoki. I muri mai i riro i a Hare Hongi o Ngāpuhi, arā, a Henry Stowell, te hōtaka a Montague. Taetae ai te tira waiata a Māori Native College, ka pāhotia ō rātou reo ki te motu.
E aroha ana nō te mea kāore ērā pāhotanga i kapohia. Kāore anō kia hoko he mihini hopu pērā, nō ngā tau 1930 kē ka hokona e ngā kaipāpāho o Aotearoa. Ko ngā waiata rongonui me ngā rekoata anake kei te mau tonuhia.
Ka tohua ētahi kaipāpāho Māori ki ngā teihana e whā e Tākuta Hēmi Shelley, te Kaitohu Pāpāho. Ko te pāhi, ko Colin Scrimgeour o Ngā Reo Irirangi Tauhoko, ko ngā kaipāho, ko Lu Paul o Ngāti Whātua (1ZB i Tāmaki Makaurau), ko Kīngi Tahiwi o Ngāti Raukawa (i 2ZB i Te Whanganui-a-Tara), ko Te Ari Pitama o Ngāi Tahu (i in 3ZB o Ōtautahi) ko Airini Grennell o Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Tama me Ngāi Tahu (i 4ZB i Ōtepoti). He mokopuna ia nā Hone Taare Tīkao. I hinga a Kīngi rāua ko Lu i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, ka pōuri katoa ngā kaiwhakarongo i tā rāua hingatanga. Na, ka whakatūngia a Oriwa Tahupōtiki Haddon o Ngāti Ruanui e Shelley, nāna ake tana hōtaka reo Pākehā, a “Oriwa’s Māori Session’ i ngā tau i mua i te Pakanga Tuarua.
He āhuareka kē ēnei tūranga. Ahakoa he reo Māori ngā tokowhā nei kāore i kaha te whakamāori i ō rātou reo kōrero kei hōhā ngā kaiwhakarongo Pākehā, reo Pākehā hoki.
I puta te whakaaro o Hēnare Te Ua i tana pakipūmeka i te tau 2000, arā ko Te Reo o Te Tangata Whenua, he tū tekoteko noa iho te tū a te reo Māori.
Hēnare Te Ua [Excerpt from ID 27066 Resounding Radio]
Heoi anō nō te paunga o ngā tau 1930 i tīmata haere ai te pāho o ngā kaupapa Māori, pēnei i te whakatuwheratanga o te whare o Tūrongo i te marae o Tūrangawaewae, me te whakaoatitanga i a Te Kirihaehae Te Puea Hērangi i te tau 1938. Nā Tā Apirana Ngata ngā kupu akiaki kia mau ai ngā reo whaikōrero, ngā haka me ngā whaikōrero hei pupuri i ngā taonga a te ao Māori.
I kaha te puta o te reo ki ngā pāhotanga Pākehā hei maumahara i te rautau o te hainatanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi i te tau 1840. I puta te reo Pākehā ki ēnei pāhotanga kia mārama ai te hunga whakarongo reo Pākehā. Nā Charles Bennett mā ngā kōrero i whakapākehā kia kōrerotia ngā mahi i runga marae.
Whaikōrero by Te Kiri Katipa with commentary by Charles Bennett. [Excerpt from ID319776: Opening of Tūrongo House – Part Three, Link to Te Pūtaketanga]
Pāho ai ngā hōtaka reo Māori anake i te tau 1940. He kaupapa karere ā-wiki i puta i runga i ngā akiaki a ngā kaumātua ki te Whare Pāremata, e rongo ai ngā Māori kāore e mōhio ki te reo Pākehā i ngā nekenekehanga a te pakanga. Nā Wiremu Parker o Ngāti Porou te pāhotanga 15 mineti nei i ngā pō Rātapu i ngā tau o te pakanga tuarua. Ka kōrerotia ngā take pakanga, ngā mate o reira me ngā kaupapa o te kāinga. Whakarongo mai ai te iwi ki ēnei pāhotanga. Nā Ted Nepia o Ngāti Kahungunu te tūranga tūturu tuatahi i muri i te pakanga, engari i tīmata ana pāhotanga mō te pakanga i a ia i Te Rua Tekau mā Waru i Itari.
Audio: Sgt Ted Nepia 05 Apr 1945. [Excerpt from ID19985 Battle History of the Māori Battalion in Italy.]
He matatau ngā reo e rua o Wiremu Parker, he tino kaipāpāho ia mō ngā tau e whā tekau. Kāore rawa a Parker i pai ki te whakahua kupu Pākehā, ka whakamāoritia tonutia. Nā te pōhara o ngā reo iriangi, kāore i mau ana pāhotanga i te wā o te pakanga, engari i whakamahia ngā rekoata hei mau i ngā kōrero a ngā hōia i te marae a Tū, pēnei i tēnei o Ted Nepia i runga ake nei nā.
1946 – 1980s
I ēnei wā ka noho te nuinga o ngā Māori i wā rātou papakāinga. Heoi i ora tonu te aka kūmara.
Ahakoa te āta tupu o te reo Māori ki ngā ara pāpāho i muri i te Pakanga Tuarua, kotahi tonu te pāhotanga ki te reo Māori anake i ia wiki. I pēnei mō ngā tekau tau e hia.
He kaupapa Māori anō hoki i puta, engari i kōrerotia ki te reo Pākehā. Heoi ano, nā ngā mahi a ngā kaipāpāho o mua, ka puta anō ētahi hōtaka Māori, i roa ake hoki.
Ko Ngā Pao me ngā Pakiwaitara a te Māori tētahi o aua hōtaka, i tango mai i ngā pāhotanga me ngā kaupapa o mua, o ngā tau 1940. I kōrerotia ēnei hōtaka ki te reo e Ulric Williams, Clive Drummond me Airini Grennell (Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Tama, Ngāi Tahu). Puta ai ēnei hōtaka mai i te 1949 ki te 1958, i puta ki tāwāhi rā anō.
Nā te hōia o mua, nā Ted Nēpia (Ngāti Kahungunu) ngā mahi whakaputa i a Te Reo o te Māori ki ngā kaiwhakarongo i Te Matau-a-Maui i te paunga o ngā tau 1950. I puta ki te motu katoa i te whakatūtanga a te Wāhanga Māori o Te Kaporeihana Pāho o Aotearoa ki raro i a Leo Fowler. Nā Fowler te reo irirangi o 2XG i whakahaere i Tūranganui-a-Kiwa, nā ngā kaumātua ia i tono kia piki ake te pāho haere o te reo. Nāna hoki i neke ai a Wiremu Kerekere ki Te Whanganui-a-Tara hei ārahi i taua wāhanga hōtaka Māori i te tau 1964.
I whaimana a Fowler i waenga i ngā rangatira o Te Tai Rāwhiti, i a Hetekia Te Kani me Rongowhakaata Halbert mā. Nāna ka mahi mai a Wiremu Kerekere (Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki), he pūkenga wetereo, kaituhi waiata, he kaiārahi hoki i te Rōpū Haka o Waihīrere. Ka riro i a Kerekere ngā mahi pāho, ārahi tikanga hoki mā Fowler. Haere ai rāua ki ngā hui, ngā tangihanga me ngā kaupapa nui o te wā. Ka riro i a Kerekere te mahi ārahi i ngā hōtaka Māori i te matenga o Fowler i te tau 1976.
I tua atu i ngā hōtaka a Ted Nepia, he mahi pakeke tonu te pāho i te reo Māori i ngā 1960, i rongo kē i runga Marae me ngā mahi ōkawa. Kāore anō hoki te whakaoranga haeretanga o te reo. I rongonui kē ko ngā rōpū pēnei i te Tokowhā a Howard Morrison, Ngā Tokorima Māori me Ngā Tiki Tokorima.
I puta anō ētahi kaipāho Māori i ngā tau 1970, arā, a Herewini Murupaenga arā a Selwyn Muru (Ngāti Kurī), Haare Williams (Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki, Ngāi Tūhoe), Whai Ngata (Ngāti Porou) me Hāmuera Mitchell (Te Arawa). Nā rātou ngā pāhotanga mō Te Kaporeihana Pāpāho o Aotearoa (i huri hei Reo Irirangi o Aotearoa i te tau 1976).
I puta ngā poroporoākī ki te reo, engari iti iho i te 90 mineti i puta ki te reo Māori i ia wiki i ngā tau 1970 i ngā pāhotanga o te kaipāho o te motu.
Ka riro i a Selwyn Muru te tūranga o Ted Nēpia hei ārahi i te hōtaka Māori matua o te tau 1975, arā ko Te Reo o te Pīpīwharauroa i purei i ngā tau 1990 rā anō. Nō te tau 1971 ka tīmata hoki i a Muru a Te Puna Wai Kōrero, he hōtaka reo Pākehā e pā ana ki ngā kaupapa Māori i Tāmaki Makaurau me te Tai Tokerau. Ka riro mā Ngata tēnei hei whakahaere i te tau 1978. Ka mau i a Ngata ngā kaupapa e hia pēnei i a Takaparawhau, ngā hitōria o te Hokowhitu-a-Tū me ngā kēnge hou o aua wā.
Ka whakatūngia e Haare Williams Te Reo o Aotearoa i te tau 1978, arā te wāhanga Māori o Irirangi Aotearoa, ko Haare hoki te kaiwhakahere matua. He reo Māori, reo Moananui-a-Kiwa hoki ngā reo. Ko tana tino hōtaka, ko He Rerenga Kōrero, i puta reo Pākehā mai, ā, ka kuhu haere te reo Māori. Ā muri ka riro i te kaipāpāho, i a Hēnare Te Ua, nāna ko He Rerenga Kōrero me Whenua!, nā rāua ko Libby Hakaraia, tae noa ki tana ritaeatanga i te tau 2000.
Ka tokomaha haere te hunga pāho Māori i ngā tau 1970, 1980 hoki. Ko ētahi, ko Derek Tini Fox (Ngāti Porou), ko Pūrewa Biddle (Ngāi Tūhoe), ko Te Pere Curtis (Te Arawa), ko Bina Peita (Ngāpuhi), ko Te Āniwaniwa Bosch (Ngāpuhi), ko Piripi Walker (Ngāti Raukawa). Koianei ngā wā i āhua kaha ake te rongo i te reo Māori i runga reo irirangi, pouaka whakaata hoki.
Nō te oranga haeretanga o te ahurea Māori i ngā tau 1970 ka tū ai ngā reo irirangi ā-iwi i ngā tau 1980, ka kaha rawa te putaputa mai o ngā hōtaka reo Māori, mō te Māori.
This exhibition is generously supported by Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori.


text:
Kei te rehurehu haere te rerekētanga o te ao kikokiko i te ao mariko, i te mahi hemahema kino a ētahi kaitākaro kēmu whāataata ki ētahi atu i roto i tonu i taua ao. I roto i te kēmu QuiVr, i taitōkaitia te tuatangata a tētahi kai-tākaro wahine, e te tuatangata a tētahi atu. Ā, e ai ki a ia, he tūturu kē te āhua o ngā tūkinotanga i pā atu. Ka kore pea ētahi e pai o ētahi o ngā kōrero e whai ake nei.
Tūtohu Games. Ngā hua 31 - 40 o te 49 mō
Primary tabs
Ngā hua kimi
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Half-blood video game reflects Māori and Pākehā cultures
He kēmu paki e whakaatu ana i te mihingare e whiu paipera atu ana ki te Māori, kua waihangahia e Johnson Witehira kia kitea ai te hītori mō te tuakiri Māori, Pākeha hoki. Hei tāna kaore e kore ka eneene whakaaro, engari kāore he aha ki a ia me he whiu kōrero ka puta.
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Armageddon: E kare, e pēhea ana tō cos?
Kua rua tekau tau te hui Armageddon e whakaatu ana i ngā mahi sci-fi, cosplay hoki ki Tāmaki, ā, e whakapaetia ana ka neke atu i te whā tekau mano ngā tāngata ka tae atu i ēnei rangi whakatā.
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He āki kia kawe te Māori i āna ake kaupapa Māori ki te ao-matihiko
Kei te nui haere te kitea o ngā iwi taketake ki roto i ngā kēmu matihiko o te ao huri noa. Ā, e ai ki ētahi kaihanga pumanawa tautono, hanga pikitia hoki, ki te kore tātau e kuhu ki te mahi nei, ka riro tō tātau mana āhua ā-matihiko ki iwi kē.
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Papua New Guinea kicks-off 15th Pacific Games
Whai muri i ngā tau maha e whakareri ana, kua rewa ake i a Papua New Guinea ngā whakataetae Pacific Games tekau mā rima ki te taone matua o Port Moresby.
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He tau pai ano mo ngā hākinakina o Te Arawa
Nā ngā uri o Te Arawa waka te karanga o te tinana ora i whakautu i ēnei rangi whakamutunga, i te himatanga mai o ngā hākinakina o Te Arawa i tū ki Rotorua.
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Kua tau i ngā pakihi The Warehouse me Noel Leemings ki te tango i ngā kōpae whitiata
Kua tau i ngā pakihi The Warehouse me Noel Leeming ki te tango atu i ngā kōpae kēmu me ngā kōpae whitiata i ō rātou toa.
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Ko te rā whakamutunga o te hui hākinakina o Waikato-Tainui
I te rangi nei tū ai te whakamutunga o te taiopenga hākinakina o Tainui waka.
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Karamuia ko tini ko mano mō te hui hākinakina tuawhitu o Waikato-Tainui
He tini mano ngā uri o Tainui Waka, te motu whānui, tae atu rā ki Ahitereiria i whakakao atu ki Hopuhopu i te rā nei, ki te whakanui i ngā hākinakina o Tainui Waka kei tōna tau tuawhitu e hāere ana.
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He pakanga ā marae te haere ake nei i te ahurei hākinakina o Waikato-Tainui
Ko te hākinakina te aronga matua e tōia mai ai ngā uri o Tainui waka ia rua tau ki hopuhopu, pātata atu ki Ngaruawāhia.


text:
He parekura tomokanga i te whare wananga i te aitua o te wananga, i huri te mutunga o nga taiohi e rua. Kua tae mai te ahua o Che Read (Zhou Dongyu), ko wai te akonga tino pai i te kura, he kaha te arotake, he pai te tirotiro ki te whare wananga pai anake. te whakaaro mo te 3 o ona tau kura pakeke. Ko te aitua i hinga tana hoa akomanga he whare ko te kukume i etahi korero kore e mohiotia ana, kei roto hoki a Chen Nian i a ratau ... I roto i tona haora mokemoke, ka karanga tetahi taiohi I uru a "Xiao Bei" (Jackson) ki tana ao ... He kanapa, he koa te nuinga o nga tau 18 te pakeke, engari kua rongo ratau i te koretake o te ao pakeke i te raumati o nga tau 18. Kei te whakahaerehia he pakanga muna ki te tiaki te mana o te hunga taiohi ...
Kaiwhakahaere
Derek Tsang / Soul Mate (2016), EX (2010), Aroha i roto i te Buff (2012), kohinga pouaka pouaka 4.8 piriona katoa.
Maka
Dongyu Zhou / 千 と 千尋 の 神 隠 し (2019), Soul Mate (2016), The Love of the Hawthorn Tree (2010) te katoa o te pouaka i whakaemihia 11.7 piriona
Jackson Yee / Te Ra Roa I Chang'an (2019), rongonui tuihono, katoahia te pouaka pouaka 3,47 piriona.
He aha nga take i riro ai te 1.58 piriona i te pouaka mo te kiriata tutu a te kura "Nga Ra Pai"?
Kaore i te whakaarohia kia waiho hei kiriata me nga rekoata o te tari i mahue nga tapuwae, i te kaupapa o te mahi paionia, koinei te take i korero ai; He iti nga kiriata e hono ana i te whakaweti, i te haakinotanga o te whakamoemiti, me te tino kino o te kino o te taiohi. me te aroha tino.
Tikanga tohatoha Takoha: Moni wehewehe
Wā Tukuna: 2019-10-25
Mena e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio taipitopito, tena koa whakapiri mai ki a maatau ka waiho ranei he korero, ka whakautu maatau i te wa tuatahi.
Heart Galaxy Culture, te kaiarahi i te waahi ohauru tika kiriata! I roto i nga tau e 5 o te rangahau hohonu mo te umanga hainatanga tika mo te kiriata me te kiriata, ka haangai te kamupene kaupapa kiriata me te pouaka whakaata pouaka whakaata hei whai waahi ki te whakarato i tetahi papaanga ohaurunga tika mo nga kiriata me nga korero a te pouaka mahi. He maha nga kiriata me nga korero putea, nau mai ki te takiuru ki runga paetukutuku mo te korerorero.


text:
I puta i Awherika i te taha o te moana, ko te toa i te ora o Waterloo, "te ope taua", i a ia e whai haere ana i te ao kopikopiko, na tetahi aitua ohorere i pakaru tana mahere, i uru ohorere ia ki roto i nga whenua o Awherika. I a ia ano ka taea te rerenga morehu, engari kaore i wareware i a ia ano mo te miihana hoia, ko ia anake i whakahoki inihua ki nga waahi i nohoia, i arahi i te patunga o nga hoa me nga rerenga, ka oma. I te pakanga e haere tonu ana, ko te ahua Wolf i roto i te tinana ka ora haere, ka mutu ka uru ki te rohe pakanga-pakanga anake, e whawhai ana mo nga taangata whenua.
Kaiwhakahaere
Jing Wu / Wolf Warrior II, tari pouaka 5.69 piriona, Taku Iwi, Toku Pouaka Pouaka 3.17 piriona, Nga Kaikemeke1.1 piriona,
Maka
Jing Wu / kohikohi pouaka tari 24.5 piriona.
Frank Grillo / Kaitakitaki: Endgame 4.25 piriona, Kapene Amerika: Pakanga Tuuturu
1,24 piriona, kohinga katoa o te tari pouaka 16,46 piriona
Gang Wu / Te Karere 236 miriona, LEAP 836 miriona, te kohinga katoa o te pouaka i te 8.04 piriona
Han Zhang kohikohi pouaka tari 6.47 piriona
Celina Jade e kohikohi ana i te tari pouaka 9.17 piriona
Ki te whakataurite ki te kiriata o mua, e rua nga whakapainga ake a Wolf Warrior 2, kaua ko nga korero mo te whakahekenga o nga Hainamana o tawahi, ko te roopu hauora a Hainamana me etahi atu waahi wera, engari he maha nga taputapu kei roto i te momo ratonga mahi. Ko Leng, i "takahi ano i te ako", ka peia mai i nga hoia i tenei wa ka tukuna ki tetahi whenua i Awherika hei kaumoana moana. I muri i te timatanga o te wehenga manuao Haina ki tawahi, ka oho ake te whakaaro o Leng Feng mo nga mahi hoia, a i haere ki te rohe pakanga me te whakaaetanga a nga rangatira o te moana me nga hoia ki te awhina i nga taangata Hainamana ki nga umanga putea-hainamana me nga umanga hauora. I tenei mahi, kaore noa ratou i karo i nga "karapoti" o nga tangata whakakeke kawanatanga-a-iwi o Awherika me nga kaimanaaki ki te Hauauru. , engari kei mua ano i nga whakaeke huaketo tino kino. Ko te hononga kare a roto me te tangata o Yu Nan, Xiaoyun Long, tetahi atu hihiri kei muri o te neke a Leng Feng
Tikanga tohatoha Takoha: Moni wehewehe
Wā Tukuna: 2017-7-27
Mena e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio taipitopito, tena koa whakapiri mai ki a maatau ka waiho ranei he korero, ka whakautu maatau i te wa tuatahi.
Heart Galaxy Culture, te kaiarahi i te waahi ohauru tika kiriata! I roto i nga tau e 5 o te rangahau hohonu mo te umanga hainatanga tika mo te kiriata me te kiriata, ka haangai te kamupene kaupapa kiriata me te pouaka whakaata pouaka whakaata hei whai waahi ki te whakarato i tetahi papaanga ohaurunga tika mo nga kiriata me nga korero a te pouaka mahi. He maha nga kiriata me nga korero putea, nau mai ki te takiuru ki runga paetukutuku mo te korerorero.


text:
Rahi: tuhi whakarite.
Rauemi: 0.3 waea maitai whakakikoruatia te parahi.
te take o te hua: mo te whakakore i muri i te mahi miihini, te tango i te puru e whakakaha ana i te rakau i muri i te tukatuka rakau, te tango i nga stains i te wa o te whakapiri waea me te peita pito miro.
Waea paraihe whiriwhiri: waea nylon, waea abrasive, waea whakarewa, sisal, waea tipu taiao.
Te whānuitanga o te tono: te nuinga kua whakauruhia ki roto i te miihini, te miihini koki Tango nga makawe me nga tataramoa me nga taputapu pneumatic.


text:
Taipitopito Hua
FAQ
Tohu Hua
Whakaahuatanga
Whakapaia te kounga teitei wera toua piauau ngongo maitai.Ko te ngongo poutū o runga ka pehia ki te tao ma te whiu taumaha.Ko te reriwe whakapae he kohao kua werohia hei whakauru i te reriwe poutū.Whakakotahitia kaha e to tatou rawhi tino ataahua.
Ko etahi atu huarahi he paiherea poutū ki te pae whakapae tika.Te taiapa tao Ko nga mahi toi me nga mahi a te taiapa tao, na te kiritaki.
Te taiapa tao pehia / Picket fence features
1. Kei te waatea mai i tetahi teitei, ka taea te tuku i te taiapa hei whakaritenga a te kiritaki.
2. Te whanui mai i te 2100—-2600 kei te waatea katoa.
3. Ka taea e Rail te hanga 2 pcs / panel, 3pcs / panel, 4pcs / panel.
4. Ko nga taonga whakapaipai i runga i nga reera e waatea ana.
5. Koma te kanohi paiherea ki runga reriwe, ka werohia ranei ma te reriwe ka paiherea, ka whakamahi ranei i te rawhi motuhake hei hono.
Te taiapa tao aki / Picket fence features application
He maha nga wa e whakamahia ana i roto i te Villa, Garden, hapori noho, rohe ahumahi me etahi atu.
Whakatakotoranga
Mahunga koma:he taiapa tao
Koama te mata paiherea ki runga reriwe
Koma ka werohia ki te reriwe
Rauemi
Koma te whakamahi piauau ngongo maitai ngawari
Rere Whakapae: Paerewa 40×40×2.5 ranei 40×40×1.6 mm ngongo maitai
Whakamahinga pou (60×60*2.0mm ,60×60×2.0mm, 75×75×3.0mm,80×80×3.0mm)
Te whakatikatika: nga taiapa rino, te konumohe ranei.
Mata: Ka taea e te taiapa te whakamahi i mua i te wera i toua ngongo piauau whakahiato me muri i etahi tikanga marama.Ka whakamahia e matou te paura rongonui o te ao (AkzoNobel) kua rehu.Paparanga whakakikorua rua te kounga teitei anti pirau.Ka 10 tau te roa o te oranga.
Taonga hokohoko
Nga Tikanga Tukunga: EXW , FCA, FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP
Moni Utu: USD, EUR, AUD, JPY, CAD, GBP, CNY
Tuemi Utu: T/T, L/C, PayPal, Escrow
Tauranga Tata: Xingang tauranga, Qingdao tauranga
Wā Tukunga: General i muri i 25days i runga i riro T/T30% utu mua
Utu rongonui: T / T 30% i roto i te putea o mua, ko te toenga ki te whiwhi i te kape o B / L.


text:
XE215DA rc excavator crawler excavator mo te hoko
Ko te XE215DA rc excavator crawler excavator e tango ana i te papu matua hou kawemai, e whakapai ake ana i te pai o te 7% me te whakaiti i te kohi wahie ma te 10%.
tauira: XE215DA
Te taumaha whakahaere: 21900kg
Rere peere: 1.05m³
Te mana/tere i whakataua: 135/2200kw/rpm
Uiui mo te XE215DA rc excavator crawler excavator mo te hoko
Whakaahuatanga
Kupu Whakataki hua
Ko te XE215DA rc excavator crawler excavator e whakamahi ana i te punaha whakahaere motuhake motuhake mo te wa hou me te papu matua hou i kawemai, ka hua mai he 7 paiheneti te pikinga o te pai me te 10% te whakaheke i te kohi wahie. Ka tae mai me te punaha whakahaere mohio a XCMG excavator e whakarite ana i te pai o te keri. He nui ake, he ata noho, he pai ake te whakahaere o te kaa tiro i hoahoa ano.
Tawhā Main
mau parau: Kei te whakapai tonu tenei hua me te ahunga whakamua o te hangarau. Ko te rereketanga i waenga i nga tawhā me nga ahuatanga hanganga kua whakarārangihia i runga ake nei kei raro i te hua tūturu.
Mahinga Mahi
* Te miihini kaha, te roa, te iti o te kohi wahie, ka taea te whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga tono katoa;
* He reanga hou o te punaha hiko teitei, te papu matua hou, te paera matua, te rakau mana hiko. Ko te hanganga o roto o te paera matua he mea pai ki te whakaiti i te paanga, a ka tino pai ake te mana whakahaere;
* Ko te punaha whakahaere motuhake hou-iti ka mohio ki te tohatoha tika o te mana papu matua, te pai ake o te whakahaere me te iti o te kohi wahie;
* Te taputapu mahi tino pono, te hangarau a XCMG, te whakakaha matawhānui o te pupuhi me te rakau, 1.05m³ te kaha o te peere, teitei ake te pai o te mahi;
* He iti te haruru o te kaaahi hou me te waahi nui o te tirohanga, he pai te whakamahana o te hau-kaha, he pai ake te noho o te taiao whakahaere;
* Te punaha whakahaere mohio o te keri keri (XEICS), te tiritiri mamati o nga korero miihini, nga hua mohio ake.
- katoa nga waahanga mokowhiti e tika ana mo te XE215DA crawler excavator e waatea ana.
Hua Hua
WHAKATOKANGA KEHI


text:
Whakaahuatanga Hua
Tadalafil puehu ataata
Pūāhua Taketake
He aha te paura Tadalafil
Ko te puehu puehu, ko te puehu mata o te tadalafil, he momo paura ma, i te nuinga o te waa i whakamahia hei hanga pire tadalafil. Ko te tarukino Tadalafil, ka kiia ko / Cialis, tetahi o nga karaehe rongoa e mohiotia ana ko te PDE-5 (Phosphodiesterase type 5) aukati. Ko te whakarei ake i te taangata Tadalafil / Cialis ka whakangawari i nga uaua o nga oko toto ka whakanui i te rere o te toto ki etahi waahanga o te tinana. Ka taea e Tadalafil / Cialis me etahi atu aukati PDE-5 te awhina i nga taangata ki te koretake erectile (ED) ma te whakarei ake i te whakautu o te erectile ka whakaohoohohia ana te taane. Ka whakamahia ki te hamani i te koretake o te erectile (ngoikoretanga) me nga tohu o te hypertrophy prostatic pai (prostate rahi). I te nuinga o te waa ka hokona e te iwi te paura tadalafil mai i te tino kaiwhakarato paura tadalafil. I tua atu i a Tadalafil / Cialis, ko etahi atu rongoa i tenei akomanga ko Viagra (Sildenafil) me Levitra (Vardenafil), me Flibanserin.
Pehea e mahi ai te puehu tadalafil
Ko te PDE5 he rekoata e kitea ana i roto i te nuinga o nga tangata e mate ana i te korenga o te erectile. Ka whakakorea e ia tetahi atu mea tino nui - cGMP, guanosine monophosphate ranei, he mea tino nui i roto i te tukanga hauora. Ko te mihi ki te cGMP nga tohu mai i nga mutunga o te ngongo i roto i to rohe rohe ki te tuku i te tukunga o te waikura nitric, na, ka whakaheke i nga uaua maeneene e hono ana i nga oko toto i roto i to papa. Ko te mutunga, ka rere atu te toto ki roto ia ratou, ka whakakiia nga hanganga taraiwa i roto i te tinana o to kiri, ka waiho hei uaua, ka pakaru. I te mea he nui rawa te PDE5 me te kore cGMP nui, kaore e taea e te tinana te whakarereke i nga tohu e puta mai ana i nga taakete taau, e hua ai te kaha ki te whiwhi i tetahi hanganga.
Ki te tango koe i te 36-haora Cialis / tadalafil peera, ka whakaitihia te kaha o PDE5 i roto i to rorohiko, kia tere te tere o te cGMP ki nga taumata noa kia rite ki nga waaiti 15-45. Heoi, no te mea ko te haurua o te oranga o Tadalafil he poto noa, ko nga hua ka puta i te waa o 2 ra, ka hoki mai a PDE5 ki te hauora - ka piki atu. Engari, ka iti ake te kaha o te kaha Cialis / tadalafil puehu i ia ra, ka awhina ia ki te pupuri i nga taumata hauora o te cGMP i roto i to tinana, me te tuku atu ki a koe te waahi mo te wa roa ki te painga ki te moe. Kei te kaha te kaha o Cialis 4-5 ra ki te tīmata ki te mahi, no reira kaua e ti'aturi ki te tahuri ki roto i te tino maoma i muri i te tango i te piro tuatahi. Engari, ko te waahanga pai kaore koe e kite i nga raruraru katoa i te moenga - mehemea kei te mau tonu koe i te Cialis / tadalafil puehu i ia ra.
Me pehea te tango tika i te puehu tadalafil
Ko te nuinga o nga purapura tadalafil e puta mai ana i te maketi i roto i nga ahua o nga pire tadalafil; Kapoka, Ka whakatau koe ki te tango i te tadalafil, me whakatika e te yuou te horopeta kia rite ki to hiahia.
Mo te nuinga o nga tāngata, ko te toenga tīmatanga o te tadalafil ko te 10 mg i ia ra, i te nuinga o nga wa ka tangohia 30minutes i mua i te mahi tawhito (tadalafil mo te whakamahi ina hiahiatia). I runga i te tika o te urupare me nga awangatanga o te taha, ka nui ake te horopeta ki te 20 mg, ka heke ranei ki te 5 mg i te ra. Ko te hua o te tadalafil e taea ana ki nga haora 36. Ko nga tangata e tango ana i nga rongoä e whakanui ana i nga taumata toto o te tadalafil, kaua e nui atu i te horopeta katoa o te 10 mg i nga haora 72 (Tirohia nga taunekeneke). Mo te whakamahi i ia ra, me te kore e whakaaro ki te mahi tawhito, ko te horopeta e manakohia ana ko 2.5 ki te 5 mg i ia ra. Kaua e tangohia te Tadalafil neke atu i te kotahi ia ra.
He Tuhipoka Nui: Kaua e tangohia a Cialis me nga pākawa na te kaha ki te whakaheke i te toto. Kaua e tangohia nga Nitrates mo te 48 haora i mua atu o te whakamahinga a Cialis me te nuinga o nga kaiwhakamahi pākawa e hiahia ana ki te karo i tenei me nga PED5 katoa.
Taupapa Tadalafil's Tono hei hoko
I nga toa rongoa o te rohe, i te hohipera ranei, ka maama noa taatau ki te kite i te cialis, ara ko te tadalafil. Ae, koinei te puehu tadalafil - ko tetahi o nga tono e whakamahia ana hei rongoa mo te whakaora i te mate o te mate mate, he rite tonu te ahua o nga pire me nga papa ranei, hei taapiri ki tenei, ina hoki, i whakamahia ano te tadalafil i etahi atu waa, penei :
Tadalafil te paura mo te paraoa wahine
Ka taea te taapiri i a Tadalafil ki nga candies kia mahi nga candies noa hei whakarei i nga hiahia taane o nga taane. He maha nga momo monamona puremu i Malaysia, ko nga mea nui ko te paura tadalafil, me te puehu sildenafil.
Te peara Tadalafil mo te kawhe heihei
I roto i te maatete, ko etahi momo o te kai kawhe. Ko te nuinga o nga kai ko: Coconut Milk, Honey, Cinnamon, Cacao, Maca.Sex kawhe te momo o te inu me te Aztec huri ki reira. He iti noa te tiihi, engari he reka ki te karanga ki nga puku reka o tetahi. Ko tenei kawheahe ko te kai ki te whakatairanga pai i to raina. Maca, Cacao, Huanamona, Honey and Coconut Milk e awhina ana ki te whakatairanga i te hanga homoni, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te koiora, te whakaroa i te menopause, te huka toto iti, te whakapai ake i te kaha me te whakapai ake i te puku.
Mo taatau, i etahi waa kia kaha ake te kaha o nga ngoikoretanga ranei, ka taea e taatau te hanga kawhe taatai ma te taapiri i te taangata whakarei ake i te puehu tadalafil, e ai ki te hiahia o te kaihoko kia rerekee nga paanga kawhe.
Me pehea te hoko Tadalafil paura; Hokona te peara Cialis mai i AASraw


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Rere Tikanga Hokohoko Te EC wawaotanga mai te tika i roto i te wa ki te whakaroa i te pōti whakamutunga o te 5.3% tāke i runga i te ipurangi i'ai me te poker tĭtĭ state kāwanatanga i roto i te Ipurangi te peti hākinakina, me te petipeti waitohu Betway noaa i teie mahana, i tetahi atu-kōtaha tiketike tautoko te mahi mā te hoko i te mana petipeti hoa o te Mercedes Kapu e idaho kua poker ruma. Ko tētahi atu matua uru ki, Tipwin, ngā tona ora e tau o te ture, te papû ore, kua tae mai ki te mutunga, ki te whakaotinga o te GlüNeRStV e ideapad 330 kua ssd mokamoka. I tua atu, i te mehua take he €1 petipeti rohe i runga i te mīhini mokamoka, te ngau ki te utu mua i interest, takoha, hekenga uara me te hekenga uara o te casino ipurangi i roto i te whenua e ki runga ki te €70 miriona. Ko te regulator kua toutou ngatata ki raro i runga i te kamupene e mana'o i te reira e kore e te tākaro i te ture, i te tuku whaina, whakatārewatia raihana, me te ara Gibraltar āpiti e e pātīmata casino whai i te taupānga.
Councilman James Tini whakaurua te menemana i roto i te tata i tana i tumanako tauhou i casino whakaurunga e taea ki te paowa. Tenei ko te aha Segev i ki te tāpiri i te: "ko Te nui-tūmanako i te ture o te petipeti ipurangi i roto i te Germany re-he whakaū GVC o tūranga rite te nuinga o te ao kua whakaritea, me te kawenga operator i roto i to tatou ahumahi." Segev ko te māia e GVC Rōpū e taea spearhead te mākete-te tautuhi i te wheako, me te hurihia i roto i te auaha, me te unparalled hua mō te tiamana kiritaki e pātīmata casino farii i paypal.
Ko te tokorua i muri o te tau e haere ana ki te kawe mai i te maha o ngā rongoā auaha ki te Tiamana o te tautohetia 5.3% rerekē haere tāke i runga i te ipurangi i'ai me te poker riro te whakaaetanga o te pāremata i mua i tēnei wiki creek iwi casino bristow oklahoma. Tiamana Kiritaki i teie Nei te Ite i te Kāinga ki te Cloudbet Cloudbet tonu ki te whakawhānui i tona whakahere na roto i te whakarewa i te paetukutuku i whakatapua hoki tiamana kiritaki tika i runga i te wā mō te Euro 2021.
Ka rite ki te hua, GVC a Whakamanuhiri, Sportingbet, Gamebookers me te bwin katoa u whakamanatanga mai i te tiamana mana creek iwi casino eufaula oklahoma.
e idaho kua poker ruma
Rere Tikanga Hokohoko Te EC wawaotanga mai te tika i roto i te wa ki te whakaroa i te pōti whakamutunga o te 5.3% tāke i runga i te ipurangi i'ai me te poker tĭtĭ state kāwanatanga i roto i te Ipurangi te peti hākinakina, me te petipeti waitohu Betway noaa i teie mahana, i tetahi atu-kōtaha tiketike tautoko te mahi mā te hoko i te mana petipeti hoa o te Mercedes Kapu e idaho kua poker ruma. Ko tētahi atu matua uru ki, Tipwin, ngā tona ora e tau o te ture, te papû ore, kua tae mai ki te mutunga, ki te whakaotinga o te GlüNeRStV e ideapad 330 kua ssd mokamoka. I tua atu, i te mehua take he €1 petipeti rohe i runga i te mīhini mokamoka, te ngau ki te utu mua i interest, takoha, hekenga uara me te hekenga uara o te casino ipurangi i roto i te whenua e ki runga ki te €70 miriona. Ko te regulator kua toutou ngatata ki raro i runga i te kamupene e mana'o i te reira e kore e te tākaro i te ture, i te tuku whaina, whakatārewatia raihana, me te ara Gibraltar āpiti e e pātīmata casino whai i te taupānga.