text:
LEVEL I (A)
©Copyright : Myanmar Council of Churches
All rights reserved: 2009
Number of copies : 2000
LUNGAWITHU
Kan Chin (Falam) calai hi tawkfang a thangsozomi a si. Cozah Tlawng that lai ih
rak zirmi Hramthok tlawngca khal Phunli tiang zir ding a rak um zo. Cun, Literacy
program in si seh, pawlkom dangdang pawl in si seh, bulpak ih calai duhtu le zuam
hleice pawl in si seh, Upa le Nauhak hrangih zir dingmi, Chin Tong zirnak cabu
khal tampi a rak suak zo.
Hi Literacy Program hi Myangmar Council of Churches (MCC) ih Advanced
Literacy Project in a rami a si. Hi project sungah a telmi Miphun pawl cu Kachin,
Sagaw Karen, Po Karen, le Chin (Hakha, Falam) tla an si. Miphun tampi lakah hi
vek Project sungih kan teltheinak hi Rev. Thang Tin Sum (Advanced Literacy Project
Director, MCC) ih miphun a duhdawtnak le zawn a ruahnak ruangah a si. A parah
kan lung a awi ngaingai.
Tui’ qum ih suahmi Chin Casiar Bu hi Falam Bapstist Pawlkom in Inntek tuanvo la
in tawlrelmi a si ih zir dingmi ca pawl cu Lailak Tlawngta, phunnga le phungruk
pawl ih zir ding tawkzawn ih tuahmi a si. Hi Cabu hi Phunnga thawn a zawnawmi
zirnak cabu a si ruangah Level I (A) ti a si. A zirdan ding cu Tlawng ah zirter a theih
lo ding ruangah qhal tlawngpih caan ih zir thei dingin tawlrelmi a si.
Hi casiar bu sungah qhenpi qhenthum a um. Cu pawl cu Qong thu pawl, Nunphung
thu pawl, le Cawntlak Fimsimtu thu pawl tla an si. Hi cabu cangsuak thei dingih a
sung um thu burkhawmtu pawl parah kan lung a awi ngaingai.
Rev.Khar Thuan
Falam Project Co-ordinator
Toungphila, Kalay
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A SUNG UMMI THU PAWL
Thuhmaihruai ... ... ii
A sung um thu pawl ... ... iii
QHENKHATNAK: QONG THU PAWL ... ... 1
1. Laica thuanthu tawi ... ... 1
1.1. Ahmaisa bik Laica ... ... 1
1.2. Pu Pau Cin Hau Ca ... ... 1
1.3. Atu ih kan hmanmi Ca ... ... 1
2. Qongfang simfiangnak ... ... 3
3. Qong kalhmang thendan ... ... 5
4. Hmin ... ... 7
5. Cafang tuum ngandan ... ... 9
QHENHNIHNAK: NUNPHUNG THU PAWL ... ... 12
1. Chin miphun le an umnak ... ... 12
2. Palo ih thuanthu ... ... 13
3. Nunzia mawi ... ... 16
4. Pupa qongthim le qongfim ... ... 16
5. Hla le biazai ... ... 18
6. Kaileng Kah ... ... 22
7. Lai thupolh ... ... 23
8. Lai kumthar puai thu ... ... 23
9. Laimi thil siardan ... ... 25
10. Pu Thang Tin Lian thu ... ... 27
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QHENTHUMNAK:
CAWNTLAK FIMSIMTU THU PAWL ... ... 30
1. Hmun hleice pawl ... ... 30
1.1. Lailun ... ... 30
1.2. Zinghmuh ... ... 31
2. Lo thlawhdan ... ... 32
3. Sersiammi thuhla tawi (Ecology) ... ... 33
4. HIV/ AIDS ... ... 34
5. Mipa le Nunau dinhmun (Gender) ... ... 36
6. Dawm tuahdan ... ... 38
7. Harhdamnak ... ... 39
7.1. Takpum thianfainak ... ... 39
7.2. Zu ... ... 40
8. Tirawl tuahqhatdan ... ... 41
9. Thil thupi bik pathum ... ... 43
10. Computer thu ... ... 45
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QHENKHATNAK : QONG THU PAWL
1. LAICA THUANTHU TAWI
1.1. A hmaisa bik Laica
Pupa thu rosiah, Chinmi pawl hin hlan lai-ah cun ca kan rak nei dah na in kan
ca cu savun parih nganmi a si ih cui’ savun cu uico in a thiarhlo ruangah cui’ si in ca
kan nei nawn lo a si, an ti. Ziang ti ih ngaan a si le a cafang pawl hmelhmang; a bial
maw, a sawl maw, cun a ding maw, a kawi maw ti khal theih a si lo. Zum duh le pom
duh ah cun a cangtheimi a si.
1.2. Pu Pau Cin Hau Ca
Kum 1900 vuakvelah Tedim peng, Mualbem khuami, Pau Cin Hau in Pathian
ih phuanlangnak thei tiaw in, ca a rak tuah dah. Hi Pau Cin Hau ca hi Tuluk le Izip
pawl ca vekin azuk ih nganmi a si lo. Cafang kom ti lawng a um. Qongfang pak ih
nganmi a si ih qongfang 1050 a um. Hi Pau Cin Hau ca cu Pau Cin Hau biaknak
thaw’n a kopaw ih, kan Chin ram ah a karhzai ciamco.
Tedim, Manipur, Qio ral Mizoram, Falam peng le Hakha peng tiangin a thleng.
Khua hrekkhat ih lungphun parah Pau Cin Hau ca ih nganmi ca tui’ ni tiang hmuh
ding a um lai. Hi ti vekih Pau Cin Hau ca le biaknak a qhanso laifangah kan vanqhatnak
ah America ihsin Pathian thu simtu (Missionary) pawl an ra thleng ih ca in tuahsak.
Leilungtlun qong dang hmuahhmuah thawn rem teih hmantheihvivomi cafang cu
Roman Script timi atu ih kan hmanmi cafang hi a si. Hi ca thawn Laica kan ngaan
thei hi lungawiza ngaingai a si. Ziangahtile qong thawn a remawlomi cafang kan
hman ah cun a aw qha tein a suak thei lo ding ih kan qong khal a siatsuah thluh thei a si.
Atu ih Kawlca kan timi khal hi Kawl qong thawn remaw dingih tuahmi a si lo.
Hlan lai-ah cun Kawl qong le Chin qong hi a bangawmi tampi an um na in, Kawl
qong cu Tamil ca in an ngaan ruangah a awsuah a danglam thluh.
1.3. Atu ih kan hmanmi Laica
Pathian thu simtu (Missionary) pawl in Laimi cu mahte daan neimi kan si
ruangah Laica um a quul ti in an hmu. Pu Pau Cin Hau tuahmi ca cu an zoh na in a
har tuk; cafang a tam tuk an ti. Curuangah Roman cafang thlun in Laica in tuahsak.
a. Lakher (Mara) ca ngandan cu kum 1852 ah Capt. S.R.Tikell in a tuah.
b. Mizo ca ngandan cu Kum 1874 ah Lt. Col. Thomas Herbert Lewin in a tuah.
c. Kuki ca ngandan cu kum 1874 ah C.A Soppit in a tuah.
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d. Siyin ca ngandan cu kum 1891 ah Capt. Rundal in a tuah.
e. Hakha ca ngandan cu kum 1894 ah Surgeon Major Newland, IMS in a tuah.
f. Falam le Teddim ca ngandan cu kum 1924 ah Rev.Joseph Herbert Cope in a tuah.
g. Cho (Mindat) ca ngandan cu kum 1929 ah Rev. J.H.Cope in a tuah.
Kum 1923 ah Falam ih Zipeng bawi Col.Burne in Dr. Cope cu Honorary
Inspector of School hnaquan a quancemter. Cui kum ah Laitlang pumpi ih zir ding ca le
qong relkhawmnak cu Maymyo (Pyin Oo Lwin) khawpi ah an tuah. Maymyo khawpi
cu Mirang san ah Kawl ram pumpi uktu ih umnak le zung tonak hmunkhur a si.
Acui’ Maymyo pumkhawmnak ah cun Laitlang aiawh in Rev. J.H.Cope an
thlah. Laitlang hrangih thupi bik tlukih ruahtheihmi thu an relcat. An thu relcatmi
cu: Laitlang acozah tlawng hmuahhmuah ah Laizo qong pakhat lawngin Lai ca zirh
a si ding, ti a si. Cu laiah Laimi pawl hi qong phun 40 lenglo kan rak nei.Cutikah qong
ol bik le hram bangrepmi an hawl ih Laizo qong rak hrilmi a si. Kum 1925 in Laitlang
hmuahhmuah ah Kawl ca zir nawn lo in Lai ca zir an thok. Cutiin Maymyo
pumkhawmnak ih an rak hrilmi Laizo qong in phun 4 tiang zir ding an rak tuah. An
tuahmi ca pawl cu:-
a. Lai Tsa Siar (Reader)
b. Khurram (Geography)
c. Thilri Thu (General Science)
d. Harhdamnak (Hygiene) tla an si.
Cuticun an zir cio ih Hakha peng sungah cun harsatnak a um lem lo. Asinain
Teddim peng sungah an rak harsa zet. Curuangah kum 1928 in Teddim peng sungah
Rev. Cope in Teddim qong ih zirtheinak a rak pek. Cui’ hnu rei lo te ah Hakha peng
khal anmai’ qong in zir siannak a rak pe lala. Cuticun Maymyo pumkhawmnak ih
relcatmi thu cu a thupit tlukin kum tam a daih lo.
Asho Chin le Shan pawl vekin Kawl cafang hmang ih Lai ca tuahtumnak khal
a rak um dah na in a tlamtling ce lo. Kum 2008 ah Myanmar Council of Churches
(MCC) ih tawlrelmi Advanced Literacy Project sungah Falam ca khal tuahsak dingin
telh a si ve. Cui’ hna cu FBP in a tawlrelpeh vivo ih Bethel Theological Seminary,
Kalay Myo ah Phun 5 le Phun 6 level ih zir ding cabu cu tuahsuak dingin relkhawmnak
a um. Cui’ cabu sungah thu qhen thum in thulupi a tel.
a. Qong thu (Linguistics)
b. Lai Nunphung (Culture)
c. Fimsimtu (Education)
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Fimsimtu hruang sungah Khurram, Harhdamnak, Kiangkap kilkhawinak
(Ecology) lam le Thilri (Science) thuhla a tel.
Tuah ding:
1. Kan Falam ca in tuahsaktu le tuah kum sim aw.
2. Pau Cin Hau thu na theih tawkin sim aw.
3. J.H.Cope thu na theih tawkin ngaan aw.
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2. QONGFANG SIMFIANGNAK
2.1 Cafang (Alphabet)
Cafang timi pawl cu; a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,ç,r,s,t,q,u,v,w,x,y,z tla an si.
2.1.1Awphei (Vowel)
Awphei cu qong aw suahnak, amah te sullam nei thei ih qong thluk kengtu bik
hi a si. Cu pawl cu; a,e,i,o,u,aw tla an si.
2.1.2Awtung (Consonant)
Amah teih sullam nei thei lo, awphei thawn kom lawngih sullam nei thei cafang
pawl cu Awtung ti an si. Cu pawl cu; b,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,p,ç,r,s,t,q,v,w,x,y, le z
tla an si.
2.2 Awfang (Syllable)
Cafang pawl sullam nei dingih komkhawmmi cu Awfang ti a si.
• c le a cafang kan kom ih ca ti in awfang pakhat a suak.
2.3 Qongfang (Word)
Sullam pakhat nei in amah te ih dingtheimi awfang pakhat lole Awfang
komkhawmmi cu Qongfang ti a si.
• Caw, Ruat, Cabawm, duhdaw, adt...
2.4 Qongfang bur (Phrase)
Sullam nei na in anmah teih sullam neikim lo qongfang umkhawm cu Qongfang
bur ti a si.
• Bik Lian thing par a kai.
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2.5 Catluan seu (Clause)
Catluan pakhat sungih tel, titu le tidan langtertu nei fawn si; anmah teih catluan
kim deuh si lo qongfang umkhawm cu Catluan seu ti a si.
• Thil sual tuah vek na bang!
2.6 Catluan tling (Sentence)
Sullam famkim nei ih hmunkhawm ih nganmi qongfang pawl cu Catluan tling
ti a si.
• Na ruangrai a qha.
2.7 Cafang Kom (Spelling)
Cafang pawl sullam nei dingih komkhawm cu Cafang Kom ti a si.
• c, a, le n kan kom tikah can ti in qongfang pakhat a suak.
2.8 Qongfang Kom (Word Combination)
Qongfang pawl sullam nei dingih komkhawm cu Qongfang Kom ti a si.
• cangcawitu, duhdawtnak, theihthiampi, adt(adangtla)
2.9 Tahthimnak (exampli gratia, for example)
Hi hi cangan laitakah tahthimnak ngan zik tikih hman a si. Kan cafang ah amahte
• ih ding thei kan nei. ttn. a,e, i, o, u, aw.
2.10 Adang tla (etcetera)
Thurelcemnak ah hi vek hi a dang tla a um lai ti langternak ih hman a si.
• Kan cafang pawl cu:- a, b, c, d, e, f, g, adt….
Tuah ding:
1. Qongfang le awfang ih a danglamnak sim aw.
2. Catluan tling pathum in ngaan aw.
3. Qongfang kom pakhat in ngaan aw.
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3. QONG KALHMANG QHENDAN
(Parts of Speech)
Laica kan ngaan tikah qong kalhmang hrampi phunkua in qhen a theih. Cu
pawl cu:
3.1. Hmin (Noun)
3.2. Hminsawng (Pronoun)
3.3. Fiangtertu (Adjective)
3.4. Tuahrel (Verb)
3.5. Langtertu (Adverb)
3.6. Khihhmuhtu (Postposition)
3.7. Pehzomtu (Conjuction)
3.8. Thinqhawngtu (Interjection)
3.9. Kimtertu (Article or particle) ti pawl an si.
3.1 Hmin
Minung, rannung, hmun le thilri, hmuhtheimi le hmuhtheilomi thil zate
kawhnak qongfang pawl kha Hmin ti a si.
tqn Con Bik (Minung hmin)
Uico (rannung hmin)
Falam [hmun lole khua hmin]
Thlarau (hmuhtheilomi thil hmin)
3.2 Hminsawng
Hmin sim ding aiawh ih kan hmanmi qongfang pawl cu Hminsawng ti a si.
• keimah, nangmah, anih, himi,.....
3.3 Fiangtertu
Hmin lole Hminsawng pawl ih sidan le dinhmun simfiangtu qongfang pawl kha
Fiangtertu ti a si.
• cak, fim, malte, zapi,....
3.4 Tuahrel
Hmin lole Hminsawng pawl ziang a si, ziang a tuah, ziang a cang, ziang a nei, ti
pawl simfiangtu qongfang kha Tuahrel ti a si.
• thi, feh, zam, duhdaw,...
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3.5 Langtertu
Tuahrel lole Fiangtertu pawl ih sullam kha fiangdeuh ih simfiangtu (langtertu)
qongfang pawl kha Langtertu ti a si.
• lungawiin, bembem, dukdi, durdo,...
3.6 Khihhmuhtu
Hmin lole Hminsawng dungah a um ih a hmaiih um Hmin lole Hminsawng
pawl kha “ziang a si” ti khihhmuhtu qongfang kha Khihhmuhtu ti a si.
• in, ah, thawn, kiangah, tlunah,......
3.7 Pehzomtu
Qong kalhmang ih sidan bangrep pahnih maw, catluan pahnih maw, sullam
bangrep pahnih maw, a pehzomtertu qongfang pawl kha Pehzomtu ti a si.
• le,ih, la, hmansehla, curuangah,......
3.8 Thinqhawngtu
Kan qih, kan lau, kan mangbang le kan lungawi ruangah tumtahnak um lo le
rinloparal ih kan ausuakqheumi qongfang pawl kha Thinqhawngtu ti a si.
• Ei!, Ehei!, Maw Pathian! Ai ka nu!,....
3.9 Kimtertu
Qong kalhmang pakhatkhat kiangih um, amah teih sullam nei lem lo, a kiang
um qongfang ih sullam kimtertu qongfang kha Kimtertu ti a si.
• asi, aw, seh, he.....
Tuah ding:
1. Hmin le hminsawng ih sullam sim aw.
2. Fiangtertu timi hi ziang a si. Tahqhimnak pakhat in sim aw.
3. Khihhmuhtu timi ziang a si. Tahqhimnak pahnih in sim aw.
4. Thinqhawngtu le Kimtertu timi ziang a si. Tahqhimnak pakhat veve in sim aw.
**********
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4. HMIN
(Noun)
Minung, ramnung, hmun le thilri, hmuhtheimi le hmuhtheilomi thil za te
kawhnak qongfang pawl kha Hmin ti a si. Ngandan thawn pehparaw in phunli in
qhen a theih.
4.1. Bulpak Hmin (Proper Noun)
4.2. Tlang Hmin (Common Noun)
4.3. Tuahcop Hmin (Formative Noun or Abstract Noun)
4.4. Kom Hmin (Copound Nound)
4.1 Bulpak Hmin
Minung, ramnung asilole thil pakhat, bulpak hrangih sakmi hmin pawl kha
Bulpak Hmin ti a si.
1. Minung hmin • Zawl Tling, Hlawn Dawh Thang,.....
2. Ramnung hmin • Cawmtu, Pa Qial (Caw hmin), ....
3. Miphun, khua, ram hmin • Laimi, Falam, Myanmar,.....
4. Khur le ram hmin • Runva, Zinghmuh,....
5. Inn, Dawr, Zung le ca hmin • Hermon, Lucky, Bible,......
6. Pawlkom le Biaknak (sakhua) hmin • FBP, Lairawn Zirsang Pawlkom,.....
Hminsin:
(1) Bulpak Hmin pawl kan ngaan tikah qongfang thawhnak poh ah cafang tuum hman ding.
(2) Bulpak Hmin pawl cu siarsual lo dingin le a sullam hlo lo dingin adang tein ngaan
ding. Hmaibet (prefix), dungbet (suffix), thlengtertu (clitics) pawl le adang qongfang
pawl thawn kom lo ding a si.
4.2 Tlang Hmin
Thil tam pi um thei, hmun dangdang khalih rak umvetheimi, rannung le thil
dangdang, amah te hrang bulpak hmin saklomi, an zate kawhnak ih kan
hmantlangmi hmin pawl kha Tlang Hmin ti a si.
tqn uico, vapual, bokbawn, cauk, tiva,.....
Hminsin:
Tlang hmin pawl cu awfang pahnih pathum tla an um thei na in Qongfang pakhat
ah kom ih ngaan ding an si.
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4.3 Tuahcop Hmin
Thilri hmin si lo, bettu (affix) pawl kha Tuahrel le Fiangtertu ih kan nganbet
tikih cangcopmi, Hmin vekih kan hmanmi pawl kha Tuahcop Hmin ti a si.
Tuahcop Hmin cantertu bettu pawl cu; tu, ter, nak, mi, za, dan, zia, pi”,ti pawl an
si ih a dang tla a um hrih thei.
• duhdaw • duhdawtu
cak • caktertu
zangfah • zangfahnak
luang • luangmi
duhnung • duhnungza
ngaan • ngandan
qhat • qhatzia
feh • fehpi
4.4 Kom Hmin
Sullam nei qongfang pahnih asilole pahnih hnakih tam, hmunkhat ih kan
ngankom tikih cangsuakmi hmin pawl kha Kom Hmin ti a si.
• hni + puan • hnipuan
thin + lung • thinlung
van + zam • vanzam
hla + rem • hlarem
zai + thiam • zaithiam
Biak + inn • Biakinn
van + zam + leng • vanzamleng
sia + cang + pi • secangpi
fang + za + aih • fangzaaih
Tuahcop le Kom Hmin vek si na in qong hram (root word) asilole hmin hram vekih
kan hmanmi Tlang hmin pawl;
ca • cabu, cazual, catluan, cafang,....adt
la • fala, arla, cawla, sela,...adt
mi • mikhual, mileng, mifim, misual,...adt
pa • parol, pacang, patung, patar,....adt
pi • nupi, arpi, capi, pitar,...adt
sa • sakuh, sakhi, savom, saphai,....adt
khua • khawsia, khawpi, khawlu, khawlai,...adt
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khua • khuanu, khuapan, khuavang,...adt
te • naute, ngate, vate, zawngte, ritte,...adt
va • vauk, vapual, vanim, varit,...adt
Atlun ih kan tarlangmi pawl hi Tuahcop Hmin le Kom Hmin vek an bang na
in, thil hmin asilole hmin hram an si ih kan tarlang vekin ngaan ding an si. Hi “ca,
la...,va” pawl hi bettu (affix) an bang na in hi zawnah cun bettu ruangih cangmi
qongfang si lo in betcia in qong hram an si. Cu pawl cu Tlang Hmin an si.
Hminsin:
Bulpak hmin si lo hmin dang pohpoh cu catluan thawhnak a si lo poh ah cun cafang
tuum in ngaan thok tengteng a quul lo na in qongfang pakhat ah ngankom ding.
Tuah ding:
1. Atang lamih hmin pawl hi Hmin qhendan phunli ah qhen aw.
2. Vankau Arsi, banhla, cawleng, duhdawtnak, inn, sia, zangfahza, Con Bik, lukhuh,
zirhtu, zukneng.
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5. CAFANG TUUM
(Capital Letter)
Ca ngaan tikah cafang tuum hi mah duhduh ih hman ding a si lo. Hmanlonak
dingih hman a si le ca nganmi sullam a dangter thei ih casiar khal a baibahter. Cafang
tuum cu a tlangpi in a tang lam vekih hman a si.
5.1 Catluan thawhnak poh ah:
• Kan khua le kan ram hi kan duhdaw cio pei. Kan quanvo a si.
5.2 Minung hmin thawhnak ah:
• David, Josept, Con Bik, Hlawn Dawh Thang, adt.
Hminsin: Lai hmin ah hminfang pathum, pali tiang khal a um. An thawhnak ciar
cu cafang tuum in ngaan a si.
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5.3 Ram hmin le khua hmin thawhnak ah:
• America, Malaysia, Tahan, Falam, Lente, adt.
5.4 Tiva, tili, tlaang le hmunram hmin thawhnak ah:
• Runva, Rihlipi, Zinghmuh, Buannel, adt.
5.5 Ni le thla hmin thawhnak ah:
• Colhni (Sunday), Thawhqan (Monday), Meisen ( Jan.), Vau (Feb), Satuah (March),
adt.
5.6 Ni thupi, puai le khawmpi hmin thawhnak ah:
• Khrismas, Fanger, Chin Phunpi Ni, General Assembly, Conference, Synod, adt.
5.7 Zirnak inn le senpi inn thawhnak ah:
• Tlawnginn, Biakinn, Zato, Town Hall, adt.
5.8 Thil hmin a tawi zawng ih ngaan tikah:
• A.D., B.A., B.Th., W.C.C., M.C.C., L.B.A., F.B.P., P.T.O., adt.
5.9 Zuamawknak hmin thawhnak ah:
• World Cup, Olympic, Asian Games, adt.
5.10 Laksawng, zuamman le lomman hmin thawhnak ah:
• Noble Prize, President Award, National Award, adt.
5.11Miphun le qong hmin thawhnak ah:
• Mirang, Vai, Kawl, Lai, Kachin, adt.
5.12 Hnam hmin thawhnak ah:
• Hualngo, Khualsim, Ngawn, Sim, Zahau, adt.
5.13 Sakhua hmin thawhnak ah:
• Buddhist, Khristian, Hindu, Islam, adt.
5.14 Cabu, Mekazin, Thuthang ca hmin thawhnak ah:
• Lai ca Ngan Daan, Vankau Arsi, adt.
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5.15 Hmin thawhnak hmai-ih hnaquan hmin (title) ret tikah:
• Dr. Than Bil Luai, Rev. Thang Cin, Pu Hrang Qhio, Salai Ram Duh Hlei
Thang, adt.
5.16 Qong hminsinnak thawhnak ah:
• Carson in “Thaizing ah nithar a suak leh sal ding” tiah a nupi hnenah a ti.
5.17Thinlung koih thil aupinak ah:
• Halleluiah, Amen, Mangqha, adt.
5.18Thurel uarduhnak ah:
• Khawte nauhak lakih thurel uar qulzetmi cu Thianfai thu a si.
5.19 Bawi sinak, upa sinak langter tikah:
• Hotu, Sungquan, Zipeng, Mangki, Siangbawi, adt.
5.20Thin qhawngtu hminsinnak dot ah:
• Ekhai! Cukel te te.
Ekheu! A va mak ve.
Tuah ding:
1. A tang lamih catluan ah hin cafang tuum hmannak dik in ngaan aw.
hlawn dawh thang cu bethel theological seminary in mts degree a ngah qumah rev.
hlawn ceu in thla a camsak ih haleluijah, amen vei thum a au. cun siangbawipa in
bible a siar ih hi ti in thu a cah, ka fapa, nang cu laimi na si ih khristian na sinak
khal hngilh hlah,a ti. cuticun biakinn sungin an suak ih malaysia um a upa Tum
Ruh Thang ih timtuahmi lakphak cu an inkhawm.
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QHENHNIHNAK : NUNPHUNG THU PAWL
1. CHIN MIPHUN LE AN UMNAK (I)
Kan pipu pawl hi Mongolian cithlah, Tibeto-Chinese miphun an si ih, Tuluk
ram ah an rak um. Tibeto-Chinese pawl cu an qong hmanmi le an nunphung
naihawkdan thlun in miphun pali ah an qhen. Cu pawl cu: (1) Mon, (2) Karen, (3)
Tibeto-Burman le (4) Tai-Chinese tla an si. Kannih Chin miphun pawl hi Tibeto-
Burman cithlah kan si. Chin miphun pawl cu Kachin pawl thawn unau nai zet kan
si. Kan Chin pipu pawl cu Tuluk ram ihsin Hukawng phairawn zawh in Kawl ram ah
an lut. Mi hrek cu Kachin ram le Naga tlangtluan ah an umlanta. Mi hrek cu an
suklan vivo ih, Ayeyarwaddy le Chindwin tiva pi karlakah an rak um.
AD 800-1000 kum hrawng ihsin mi hrek cu Kalay-Kabaw phairawn ah an
vai. Mi hrek cu Magwe ram qhen, Pegu ram qhen le Rakhine tlangtluan ah an feh.
AD 1200-1500 kum hrawngah kan Chin pipu hrekkhat pawl cu Laitlang lamah an
hung so. Mi hrek cu Kalay, Gangaw le Qhilin khua kiangkapah an um ih, atu ah cun
Chin miphun an si thu an theiaw nawn lo. Kan pipu hrekkhat pawl cu Laitlang an
thlen hnuah khal an fehlan vivo ih, Mizoram, Manipur, Tripura le Chittagong
tlangtluan tiangah an umdarh vivo. Kan Chin pipu pawl cu an umnak hmun kipah
miralqha, mirinum, midik, mifel le zalennak duhtu an si.
Kan Chin miphun pawl cu kan umnak hmun a dan vivo ruangah kan miphun
hmin le kan qong tla a danglam vivo. Kan umnak, kan qong le kan phunhnam hmin
dang hman seh la miphun pakhat kan si. Kanmah le kanmah cu Laimi, Mizo, Zomi,
Zo, Yaw, Asho, Cho, Khumi, Meitei, Thado, Mara ti in kan koaw na in, sulkhat kual,
cikhat, thlahkhat suak, unauza dik tak kan si. Curuangah, kan unauza duhdawaw in
le remaw te in umtlang cio ding kan si.
Tuah ding:
1. Chin miphun thawhkehnak thu na theih tawk in sim aw.
2. Ziang tik hrawngah Chin ram ah kan hung thleng a si pei?
3. Chin miphun sungah zo pawl an tel ti na theih tawkin ngan aw.
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2. PA LO IH THUAN THU
Hlan laiah khua pakhat a rak um. An khuabawipa in fanu fala mawite duhaw
zet a nei. Ni tin tein zanthing a phur qheu. Nikhat cu Van Patarpa in a thing phurhnak
cirhti kiang lungto parah sunhlu rah pumthum a ret. Cui sunhlu rah ah cun a mipa
sinak ti (a bua) a hnih. Falanu in a hmuh ih, “Van qhat”, a ti ih tidai thawn a in ih
manhla a ti ngaingai.
Fala nu cu nau a pai. A nu le a pa in zo ih fa so na pai ti in an sut rero na in,
“Tlangval ka nei lo. Mipa thawn kan pawlaw lo,” a ti ringring. A nu le a pa cu an
khawruah a har ngaingai. Zankhat cu a pa in mang lamdang zet a man. A mang ah
cun Van Patarpa in, “Nan fanu ih naupai hi mangbang rero hlah uh. Thing a phurh
qheunak cirhti kiangah ka mipati rawimi sunhlu ka retmi a ei ruangah nau a pai.
Keimai fa a si. Fapa a hring dingih a hmin ah ‘PA LO’ nan sak pei,” a ti.
A caan a kim tikah falanu cun fapa a hring ngaingai ih van Patarpa ih sim
bangtukin a hmin ah PA LO an sak. Pa Lo cu a qhang vivo ih tualleng nauhak a si
thlang. A pi le pu cun Pa Lo hi leimi pa nei lo ngaingai a si pei maw, a pa kan hawlter
ding an ti. A khawpi le innhnen khua pawl hnenah, “Pa Lo in a pa a hawl ding.
Tlangval le pacang hmuahhmuah nan suak pei,” ti in an cah qheh. Kum kim mipa
tampi an suakkhawm. Lai daan tein Pa Lo cu a vorh lamah Zuhai, a keh lamah
Sasem an kenter ih, “Napa na hawl pei ih Khawzing in a lo sim ding, Zuhai na pek
pei ih a kiangih tomi kha sasem na pek pei,” an ti. Pa Lo in a pa a hawl na in a tong
lo. Cui si’n a pi le a pu khal in van Patarpa ih fa ngaingai a si ti in an zum ih an
nemhnget.
Pa Lo cu a qhang vivo ih kawi (kaileng) kah thei a si thlang. A rualpi cu kawi
an nei na in a nih a nei ve lo. A nui’ hnenah,“ka nu, ka rualpi kawi an nei na in kei ka
nei lo. I pe ve aw,” ti in a diil. A nu in, “Disap thla hnuai-ah vantau in, ‘Ka pa e... kawi
i run thlak aw law,’ ti in va au aw,” a ti. A va au ngaingai ih a pa in kawi qha ngaingai
a run thlak. Cuncun rualpi lakah a lek ve ih thiam bik a cang. Rualpi kawi tla a
kahkuaisak qheh. Pa Lo cu an mitkem tuk ih, “Pa Lo ti ni reh lo, na pai’ khua ah tlung
aw,” an ti. Na pai’ khua ah tlung aw an ti cu a thin a nuam lo tuk ih a nu a sim. Anu in
“Pate, a poi lo. Ngai men aw. Thin sau tein tuar aw. Nehtu si a qha sawn,” a ti.
Cu vek thotho in Pa Lo cu saihli a hmang thei thlang. A pa a diil ih a pa in a
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peek. Vate a sai thei tuk ih a rualpi in, “Pa Lo ti ni reh lo, na pai’ khua ah tlung aw,” an
ti lala. Sa dawi thei a si ih a pai’ hnenah meithal a diil lala. A pa in meithal a peek. Sa
a kaap thei tuk. A khawpi pawl in an iksik ngaingai. Sacang nam laiah meithal a
puak. Zo si maw a kaap an ti tin tein ‘Pa Lo in a kaap,’ an ti. Pa Lo a si le a salu rak
long uh, an ti ih a salu an lon qheu ruangah tlangzam sa lawng a phur qheu. A riah
a sia ngaingai. A rei tikah a nu in, “Pa Lo, hi zat ram na tawi ih sa pakhat tal in an
lo suah lo maw?” ti in a suut. Pa Lo cu a ning a haang tukih a qap. “Ka nu, ka kaap
ringring na in ka salu in lon ruangah a si,” a ti. Anu in, “Tu cu an lo lon zik le na
saruang parah to in na meithal mawn kau aw la, ‘a ngamngam in i long uh. I
longtu cu ka lo kaap ding, ti aw la an lo long ngam lo ding,” ti in a cahta. Cui hnu
cu a nui tiam vekin a tuah ih an long ngam nawn lo. Sa tampi a kap ih a pui inn
cu salu in a kulh panlo maw.
Nikhat cu Pa Lo in a nui hnenah, “Kanu, ka pai hnenih tlun ka duh thlang,”
tiah a dil. A nu in a hniksak. An tual khat in Nimte fanghum a bur. “Hinah
velthum bah lo tein na tlan suak thei le na tlung pei,” tiah a ti. Cak ngaingaiin bah
lo tein vel thum a tlan thei. Cu cun a nu in a rinsan ih a pai’ hnen fehdan ding a
sim thlang. A nu in, “Kawi mu pakhat in la aw la Tikuang thli ah tuh aw. Cule hi
tiin thla cam aw. “Ka pai’ hnen ka thleng ding a si len e..... zankhat ah van baan
aw law”, ti in a ti. A tuah ngaingai ih zankhat ah van a baan. Cutikah a pa in ka
fapa a ra tlung ding ti a rak thei.
Cu laifang cu a pai’ khuami pawl Eril ral in a thah laifang a si. A pa in a
khawpi pawl hnenah, “Pa Lo a ra ding. Zohman in Eril ral thu nan sim lo pei,” ti
in a tiam qheh. Pa Lo cu a pai’ hnen a va thleng ngaingai. A pa a lung a awi tuk. Pa
Lo cu an khua a haal. Thlan tam tuk a hmu. A mang a bang ngaingai. A suut vivo.
Zohman in an sim ngam lo. Nuhmei nu, a pai’ tiamngah lo nu in a sim. Cui’ siin
Pa Lo cu Eril tei’ khua ah a feh. Eril pa in, “Pa Lo in Eril a that pang ding,” ti
phan ruangah inn sungah Eril cu suak lo dingin a kharhkhum. Sun qhing ah Pa
Lo cu Eril tei’ inn ah a feh. Eril a relh ti a thei. An inn leng zialpi a phelh duup ih
kaan par in a bawh. Pa Lo in, “Maw Eril, .... ra suak aw nan tualrawn ah sia an
khikaw ciamco... kan zoh pei,” a vun ti. Eril in, “Ka duh lo, ka pa in suak hlah, Pa
Lo in a lo that ding, i ti,” a ti. Pa Lo in, “Nan tualrawn ah Naa an khikaw,” a ti. A
ra suak cuang lo. Aveithumnak ah, “Nan tualrawn ah siangte a laam,” a ti ih a ra
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suak. Zialpi a pelh ih a tlak zawngah a kahthat. A hapi fang khat a thlong ih a
tidai kennak rial tithawl sungah a than ih a tlung.
A thaisun ah Eril ih thlarau cu Murapi in Pa Lo tei’ khaw tlunah a ra zam.
Pacang za tein an kaap mengmang na in an ngah thei lo. Pa Lo in vei khat hun
kap khaw a ngah ih an tual ah lungtum pi in a tla. Pacang za tein an tuul mengmang
na in an tuul thei lo. Pa Lo in a vun tuul ih an hmuan thlangah a riil ih Tili pi ah
a cang. Cui’ tili laifangah arku qhiang hnih te a hung suak. An khawpi pawl cun
an qih tuk ih a zoh hman an zoh ngam lo. A pa in, “Pa Lo... khi arku khi na la thei
pei maw,” a ti. A va lak ngaingai tikah “Na ret thei pei maw?,” a ti lala ih a va ret
lala. A pa a uaraw tuk ih a khawpi pawl hmuh ah vei thum tiang a lakter, a retter.
Aveithumnak a ret zawngah hmatekhat ah ti a kaang ih Pa Lo a tlathat. Cutikah
a pa cu zamrang tein an hmuan ih Mi Nunfuu a khiak ih futi in Pa Lo cu a phuut
ih a nungsal. Cutikah a pa in a khawpi pawl thawn nisarih sung lungawi puai a
tuah pan lo maw.
Tuah ding:
1. Falanu in ziang rah so a ei?
2. Van patarpa in Pa Lo suah ding ziangtiin a sim?
3. Pa Lo hi ziangah a rualpi in an mitkem?
4. Ziangtiin Pa Lo a thi?
5. Ziangtiin Pa Lo a nungsal?
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3. NUNZIA MAWI
1. Nipi ni biakinn feh ding hngilh hlah aw.
2. Thingkung le hrampi duhdaw aw.
3. Tuan tein it aw la tuan tein tho aw.
4. Nikhat ah thil qha pakhat tuah thei ringring zuam aw.
5. Mibanglo pawl na hmuhsuam lo pei.
6. Tangdornak hin mi a neh bik.
7. Tlawmngaih nun nei aw.
8. Ngaithiamtheinak nun nei aw.
9. Nangmah lawng na um tikah hni hlah aw.
10. Ca siar ringring aw.
Tuah ding:
1. Duhduh ih thingkung hau rero hi poi na ti maw?
2. Zan nazi zianghmuah ah na it? Zing nazi paziat ah na tho?
3. Nikhat sung ah thiltha pakhat tal na tuah qheu maw?
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4. PIPU QONGQHIM LE QONGFIM
Aa
1. A nu neh lo Hlei Tawl vuak Mai’ tawhmi neh lo ruangih mi dang hnenih thin
heng.
2. A fim uihli til per Mi ruahban lo tiang ruat thei.
3. A qong sairuh deng kiak Mah hmuah ziang si hnai lo ih hmual nei zetih
qong thiam.
4. A tirhsian sahluk vek Mah co ding um lo tiangih mi va zem thluh.
5. A hmui in zoh hlah, A hmuimel zoh lo in mizia le thinlung
a aan in ngai felfai a nei maw ti zoh uh.
6. A linglet ih alti thlawr bel A ling a let ih thil um(a colotu dingih co riangri).
7. Cangai kua tawhpit bang Beisei ding zianghman um lo khawp ih beidawng.
8. Arte ti tla bang Taksa pumpuluk ih ciin thluh.
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9. Arpi zing qum sum kungah Hla pi thleng zo dingih ruahmi nai te ih um lai.
10. Arcang a mei sau khaw ek
phiattu men A hleiluan ih thil ti cu sunlakmennak.
11. Ar hla fingkhat sak Mai saal bang saal leuhleuh.
12. Ar cawngthai bangin Thil um lo hawl hrat.
13. Arpi lung sia sava lung tluang Pakhat ninghannak cu pakhat lungawinak sawn.
14. Arpi fa hum bang Tongpa run ih mi va run.
15. Ar khal nau zawngah an cukaw Siatnak thlen zik ruangih mai unau khal rem lo.
16. Arte hman puhmawh
um lo inthi hlah Siatnak a thlen cun puhmawh ding kan hawl.
Bb
1. Bar cing lo, ei cing lo Mai eiinnak cing nawn lo, dung lam thu thei nawn lo.
2. Bahnah ih ti bung bang Ziang hman tang nawn lo.
3. Bawm khal mawh hlah,
han kha mawh hlah An mawh veve.
4. Bahnah ih van ruah don Beisei ding um lo cingin beisei thotho.
5. Biar-am cah le cah Theih patawpih qan khuar.
6. Biakbairawk khua tlai zo A liam zo hnuih thil ti a sawt lo.
7. Bualkhaw tlawn le far lak cem Qum khat thil ti ih a dang ceem phah.
8. Butlak so dawp bangin Mah sun duh lo ih qan khuar.
Cc
1. Cangai hman a khur ah a lal Mai’ inn sungah (Mai hmun le ram ah) zo kan
tih lo.
2. Cangai khawm tia Inn le thlam a fate bik qhimnak
3. Cangba (Hnahcang) ih
khuaisengben bang Thil kopaw thei lo.
4. Cirh ih partiam phun bang Mi hrangih qhathnemnak nei ringring.
5. Cikhling le khuaiseng Zamfung tuk.
6. Coh barawh tuar Ti ngaihnak thei lo ih tuar cuahco.
Tuah ding:
1. Kan zirmi lengah pupa qongfim paziat na thei lai? Na theih zat simbet aw.
2. Kan zirmi sungin na duh bikbik panga in ngaan aw.
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5. HLA LE BIAZAI
4.1. Lai daan Hla
Laimi hi hla duh phun kan si. Kan duh vekin hla a phunphun kan nei. Hla
qong hi a qha ngaingai. A thlum, a mawi ih sullam thuk pipi an nei. Pacang qha hla in
an porhaw, an demaw, an khawngaw ih an hramaw qheu. Minu mipa hla in an nuamaw.
Fala tlangval hla in an be-aw an sawnaw. Cui’ an biakawknak cu ‘an lehaw’ an ti. Hla
an lehawk tikah a qongqong in an lehrulsal. ‘A tong timi cu an run sehmi hla ih sullam
kha a lettu in cu vek cekci in a letsal. An duhduh an seh ruairo lo tinak a si. “Hla seh’
timi cu ‘hla hril,’ ‘hla thlang’ ti vek a si. Hla run seh uh, hla run hril uh ti vek khi a si.
4.2.1. Lai hla a phunphun
Lai hla hi phun tam pi a um. Cu pawl cu; phaileng, Bawivung, Khuang hla,
Fangza hla, Mithi hla, Nau hla, leh hla, le Khuate hla tla an si. Hla phunkhat hi a
sakdan, a thluai lole a merh (tone) a bangrep na in phun dangdang in a sullam in an
qhen. Thuqhimnak ah,
(a) Phaileng: zunngaih, cohraam, coqian, ramquan ngai, ramquan qian, saqhawl
(ram toih hla), hraamnak, hlemnak, porhnak tvp.
(b) Fangza hla: Fangza hlapi, hlate, cere tlawh hla,
(c) Khuang hla: Sethlang hla, khuang hla, khuang hlate,
(d) Mithi hla: Ngaihsan, liandang, lalvung, darluan, eepi le bawivung tvp.
(e) Nau hla: Nau awihnak hla, elawknak, hauhawknak, tvp.
(f ) Leh hla: Lehnak hla, elawknak, hauhawknak tvp.
(g) Khuate hla: Pacang pawl ih hla a si. A aw a bangrep qheh, a hla cu a samnak hmun
asilole puai ih zir in a dang thei.
(h)Nau-awih hla: Nau hla timi cu nau umtu pawl in naute an paw ih a taw beng
phahphah in nau an awihnak hla a si. Nau an awih cu itthat seh, asilole ngam seh
tinak a si.
-Ka nu rung tlung thlang law ka nau qap aw khaw,
A qap leh lo kir law kan thlam lungrawn ah.
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-Naute ah hin zawi’ naute ha qhaber bik,
Keimai’ naute qhaber bik e sam tom rem.
-Mangte Mangte an ti hi khui lamah so,
Mual ah siate a khaal e rua li te thawn.
-Ni te rung tlaang te rung tlaang ni te rung tlaang,
Ka naute thawi’ kan lennak ni te rung tlaang.
Nau hla elawknak:
- Khawlu mi cu ui le ar bang nan hrokhrawl,
Khawtaw mi lawng ti bang kan fimthiam kilkel.
- Qhimte ka sar te ka sar qhimte ka sar
Na mit dawhkeknak ah e qhimte ka sar.
Tuah ding:
1. Lai hla phunkhat in sim hnik?
2. Nau awih hla fingkhat in sim hnik?
3. A sak na thiam maw?
4.2. Biazai
Biazai timi hi khuahlan kan nupa cun a hran tein an nei lo a bang. Asina’n an
hla hmuahhmuah hi Biazai a si kan ti thei ding. Hnam dang (Mirang, Kawl) ta deuh
kan cawnmi a si. Biazai cu hlan hla qong, qong thlum, qong mawi in a qongfang zatrep,
saal nuam le saal mawi dingin an tuah. Hla bangin a sak ih sak si lo in a seh ih seh, a saal
ih saal deuh a si. Mi ih siar dingin thu tum nei in mekazin vekih an ngandeuhmi a si.
4.2.1. Nui’ ni (Mother’s Day)Biazai (4x6)
Manghrin ka nu, sam thlai remdawh hleice,
Duh a nung tuk, a hmel dawh le aanka,
Kim te’n na reet, kan runinn le sumtual,
A mangpa le, a cawi hrinhniang tla thawn,
An nuam cio maw, mileng le khualtlung lan tiangin.
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Manghrin ka nu, amai’ thawng le vaang in,
A cawi hrinhniang, a don a ruah vangah,
Zan khua siim ah, merem thiam lo tiang khin,
Ni suah ciin in, ni sensa le vanruah hnuaiah,
Kian reu lo len, lianram a quan a zaang baang in.
Zing deirel suak, van aar a hung khuan in,
Malza tin nei, siamtu Pathian hnenah,
Thlaza a cam, ram thar le midang hrangah,
Khuaiti hnakin, thlum in a al lawmmam,
Duh a nung tuk, a thangqhatnak aw mawi te cu.
Hei zoh uh law, nui ni ah minu an zalen,
An thuamthil le, an awzai dawh te thawn,
Kan cung Pathian, lomnak zaihla dawh te,
Ling bang an hnin, thang seh cung vansang ah,
Lei kil li le, vanhram a deng tiang khin,
Manghrin ka nui’ ni sunglawi.
4.2.2. Pai’ ni (Father’s Day) (4x4)
Hmel dawh cungcuang siang thlai rem ce,
A siing a saang, val hawi lakah,
A zuan a zaang, tlavang zam keng,
Manglian ka pa, a rak si ngelcel.
Nuhmei hngakqah khualtlung hmuah thawn,
Rem le dai te’n, a runthang ah,
Cawldamtertu, Manglian ka pa si ngai.
Thuanthu roling, ram qhansonak,
Cung Pathian Bia, Thlarau lam le,
Leitlun fimnak, san thar cawilu,
I khumtertu, manglian ka pa si ngai.
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Puanbuk hlawnza, qhi le daar thawn,
San thar suingun, daiman rosung,
Ni tin suan rawl, tlasam lo te’n,
A hawl a zaal, manglian ka pa si ngai.
Kan Biakinn le, kan kawhhran tla,
Rem le dawh te’n, qhengsang parah,
Zaihla dawh le, awnmawi hmuah thawn,
A thantertu, manglian ka pa si ngai.
Zuam sin au law, pa le pawl tla,
Nan san sau seh, nan quak par tiang,
Thlawsuah malza, nan hnen thleng seh,
Thlaza kan cam, san thar mino rual in.
Mino pawl hman, tha bang an thiam,
Kan cung Pathian, rinsantu cu,
Muvalai bang, cungsang sin ah,
An tlaan an zuang, kan cung mangbawi thawngin.
Tuah ding:
1. Lai hla Phun ziangzat a um, na theih tawk ngaan aw.
2. Lai hla hi tui’ san ah kan tulmi a si maw? Na ruahnak rel hnik aw.
3. Na zirmi sungin biazai pakhaaat ngan aw.
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6. KAILENG KAH
Kaileng kah cu laimi pawl in kan neihmi lehnak phunkhat a si. Lai khawte le
khawpi hrekkhat ah an lek qheu. Mi hrekkhat cun Kawi kah ti tla in an ti. Kaileng cu
thil rah phunkhat a si. Daam ram tiva hawrkuam ah a keuhmi hridai tumpi rah
phunkhat a si. Kaileng cu kawm a nei. Cui a kawm khek tahratin a sungih ummi a
mu laksuah hnulawngah lehnak ih hman theih a si. Lak pekte kaileng cu a mawi zet,
a rim khal a hmui zet ih lehnak hrangah hahioza a si. Hramlak ram tawi le lo lam
tlun phah ah nu le pa pawl in an fanau pawl lehnak ah an sum qheu.
Kaileng sonnak le a kahtu pawl ih lehnak ding ah rin an tuah. Cu tawk rin in
kaileng thawn dawp ih leh a si. Curuangah tualrawn kau deuh hril in leh a si qheu.
Kaileng kah tikah mibur burhnih ah qhenaw in kah a si. Hmaisa ah a qangtlangtu
ding mibur qhenta a si. Mibur qhen tikah khat le khat lehdan rual thei dingin minung
zoh in an qhen. A vengveng khal in an zuamaw qheu. Himi an qhenngah hnuah a lek
hmaisatu ding an hawl. An hawldan cu lungpheng parah a ciar lam le a ro lam an
tuah. Hih lek hmaisa hrilawkdan cu cet maw pawt ti a si.Mai duhmi a ciar lam si
maw, a ro lam si maw pakhatkhat an hril. Cu hnuah van parah lungpheng an hun
khirh ih a tlak an bawh. Mai hrilmi lam a ngahtu pawl cu lek hmaisa an si.
A leklotu mibur in kaileng an song ih a dang pawl an lek. A lekhmaisatu pawl
in khat lam pawl ih sonmi kaileng pawl ngah dingin an bat. Cumi cu kaileng kah an
ti. A lektu pawl in an kah qhelh pang a si le an thi. Asinan a thizomi pakhat kha a
rualpi dang pakhatkhat in pakhat hman hrelh lo in a kapngah thluh thei a si ah cun
cui a thizotu khal a nungsal ih a lek theisal. Cun, a lektu pawl in Kaileng sonmi ngah
thei lo in pakhat hnu pakhat an thi a si le an lam tang za tein an thi ih a songtu pawl
an leksal. Cutiin thlengaw ih lehdan phunkhat a si. Kaileng kah tikah ke in a thok ih
ngal, khuk, pum, thin, liang, ka, cal in lu tiang a sangsang tein tuah vivo ih leh a si.
Laimi hrangah cun kaileng kah cu a nuamzetmi lehnak phunkhat a si.
Tuah ding:
1. Kaileng kah cu ziangvek lehnak a si?
2. Kaileng kah thu na theih tawkin sim aw.
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7. LAI THUPOLH (CIN LE DAAN)
1. Pa sen in nu dum taw a liak. 1. Meisa le Beltaw
2. Lei ri mit nei ziang ha a si. 2. Minung ke
3. Zo ha taw tum bik. 3. Lo
4. Kekhat nei ih puansen sin. 4. Hmakphek hmin
5. Ziang vun si tum bik. 5. Mit vun
6. Ziang lu si tum bik. 6. Lo lu
7. Ka nei ve si qong thei lo. 7. Palang
8. Mit nei na in khua hmu thei lo. 8. Thingkung
9. Hna nei si zianghman thei thei lo. 9. Qhimte
10. Tlang pahnih karlakih siar ar khuang. 10. Voih
Tuah ding:
1. Lai thupolh na theihmi panga in sim aw.
2. Mibur burhnih in then ding ih thu polhawktonter ding.
*************
8. LAI KUM THAR PUAI THU
Leitlun minung pawl in kum siardan a phunphun kan nei cio. Miphun pakhat
le pakhat, ram pakhat le pakhat kan bangaw cio lo. Kawl kum siar, Mirang kum siar,
Grik kum siar pawl pakhat le pakhat an bangaw lo. Cuvekin kan laimi pawl ih kum
siardan khal miphun dang pawl thawn a dangaw ve. Kan Lai kum siardan cu a tlangpi
thu in fur caan ruahti a cem ih rawl thar khawm caan a cem cun Lai kum siar kan
thok qheu. Cumi hminsinanak ah lungawinak puai tuah a si qheu. Kumkhat kan liam
ih a dang kum thar kan thok tinak ah kan pipu pawl cun puai tuah in an hmuak qheu.
Kawhdan a phunphun kan nei ih khat le khat a bangaw lo. Atlangpi thu in kan
hmanmi pawl cu: Dawngpui, Tenreh, Fanger, Tho, Khuado ti pawl tla an si.
Kan pipu pawl san laiah himi lai kum thar tikcucan thlen ding hi mipi zate in
an hngakhlap zet. Nikhua umdan khal hi fuur ruah a cem hnu lei khal a khu hrih lo
caan a si ih a nuam laifang a si. Lai kum thar puai ah mah le miphun, khua le daan
vekin an tuah cio ko na in a sullam cu a bangaw thluh. Kan pipu pawl in kum thar kan
thleng thlang vekin kan damtlang dingih thihnak kan tong nawn lo ding ti ah
23
ruahsannak tumpi an nei. Himi lai kum thar puai an tuah hlanah mah le innsungsang
an thiangfaiter ih khua sung lamzin pawl le khua pakhat le pakhat karlakih lamzin
pawl khal a za tein thiang ko fai tein an sial thluh. Cuti cun puai caan ah thiangfai zet
le nuam zetin an hmangtlang qheu. Himi lai kum thar caan ah pakhat le pakhat
duhdawaw zetin zangfahnak le zawnruahnak thawn an tanpiaw qheu. Milian, mifarah
thleidannak um lo in u le nau, sung le khat vekin hmunkhat ah nuam zetin an hmang
tlang. Ziangahtile lo ihsin thlai thar pawl inn ah a thlengsal zo ih rilrawng tihal khal
a um nawn lo. Khopkham zetih an um laifang caan a si ruangah a si.
Cuvekthiamthiamin tui’ san ah khal kan lo ihsin a suakmi thlairawl qhaqha
pawl hi Biakinn ah kengtlang in Pathian hnenah lungawi thu simnak thawn aptlangnak
kan nei qheu. Cuticun khaw sungih um mifarah, miharsa deuh pawl le Pathian
hnaquantu pawl hrangah siannak le duhdawtnak thawn kan zemtlang qheu.
Duhdawtnak, zangfahnak, le siannak thawn ti le rawl eiinthlangnak, pawlkomnak a
phunphun, lehnak a punphun thawn kan lai kum thar cu kan hmangtlang qheu.
Lairawn (hmunrawn) um Laimi pawl cun thlai thar a cut caan, fanginn ah an tlun
caan, January thla hrawgah thlai thar puai an tuah qheu . Laitlang le lairawn ah Lai
kum thar hman caan a bangaw lo na in a sullam umdan cu a bangaw thotho. Pathian
in kum hlun in liampi ih kum thar sungah kan luut vekin himi kum thar
sungah,thinlung thar, ruahnak thar, hlawhtlinnak thar thawn lam in hruai ringring
hram seh ti ah thla cam phah in Lai kum thar puai hmangtlang ding kan si. San thar
sungah kan um ko na in khuahlan kan pipu pawl ih an hmanmi lai kum thar puai hi
sunglawi zetin hmang thotho ding kan si.
Tuah ding:
1. Lai kum thar puai ih hmin dang pawl na theihmi zaat ngaan aw.
2. Ziang tikah kum thar puai an tuah tam bik?
3. Lai kum thar puai thu na theih zat reel aw.
*******************
24
9. LAIMI THIL SIARDAN
1 - pakhat 11 - hleikhat 21 - kulhluankhat
2 - pahnih 12 - hleihnih 22 - kulhluanhnih
3 - pathum 13 - hleithum 23 - kulhluanthum
4 - pali 14 - hleili 24 - kulhluanhli
5 - panga 15 - hleinga 25 - kulhluannga
6 - paruk 16 - hleiruk 26 - kulhluanruk
7 - pasarih 17 - hleisarih 27 - kulhluansarih
8 - pariat 18 - hleiriat 28 - kulhluanriat
9 - pakua 19 - hleikua 29 - kulhluankhua
10 - pahra 20 - kul 30 - sawmthum
31 - sawmthum le pakhat
32 - sawmthum le pahnih
33 - sawmthum le pathum
34 - sawmthum le pali
35 - sawmthum le panga
40 - sawmli
50 - sawmnga, 60 - sawmruk, 70 - sawmsarih, 80 - sawmriat, 90 - sawmkua, 100 -
zakhat, 101 - zakhat le pakhat, 102 - zakhat le pahnih... 110 - zakhat le pahra, 111 -
zakhat le hlei khat, 112 - zakhat le hleihnih, 120 - zakhat le kul, 121 - zakhat le
kulhluankhat, 122 - zakhat le kulhluanhnih, 130 - zakhat le sawmthum,140 - zakhat
le sawmli, 190 - zakhat le sawmkua, 200 - zahnih, 300 - zathum, 500 - zanga.
1000 - thawngkhat.
2000 - thawnghnih 200000 - thawngzahnih
3000 - thawngthum 300000 - thawngzathum
4000 - thawngli 400000 - thawngzali
5000 - thawngnga 500000 - thawngzanga
10000 - thawnghra 1,000,000 - millionkhat
20000 - thawngkul 2,000,000 - millionhnih
30000 - thawngsawmthum 3,000,000 - millionthum
50000 - thawngsawmnga 5,000,000 - millionnga
100000 - thawngzakhat 10,000,000 - millionhra
20,000,000 - millionkul 2,000,000,000 - millionthawnghnih
25
30,000,000 - millionsawmthum 3,000,000,000 - millionthawngthum
40,000,000 - millionsawmli 4,000,000,000 - millionthawngli
50,000,000 - millionsawmnga 5,000,000,000 - millionthawngnga
100,000,000 - millionzakhat 10,000,000,000 - millionthawnghra
200,000,000 - millionzahnih 100,000,000,000 - millionthawngzakhat
300,000,000 - millionzathum 1,000,000,000,000 - billionkhat
400,000,000 - millionzali 10,000,000,000,000 - billionhra
500,000,000 - millionzanga 100,000,000,000,000 - billionzakhat
1,000,000,000 - millionthawngkhat 1,000,000,000,000,000 - billionthawngkhat
10,000,000,000,000 - billionthawnghra
1,000,000,000,000,000,000- trillionkhat
Mirang cun Trillion tiang an nei. Mirang rat hlanah cun kan Laimi hin
thawngzakhat tiang lawng an rak siarthiam a bang. Mirang (English) an rat hnu ih
an simdan ah cun a tlun ih kan ngan vek hi an simmi a si. Kannih cu England pawl ih
ukmi kan si ruangah an thil siardan kan thlun. Tulai ah cun Amerika in thil an ti
danglam ruangah thil a hnaihnok in a ra suak.
Tuah ding:
1. Lai qong in nambar ziangzat tiang na siar thei?
2. Mirang qong maw, Kawl qong cawn na duh deuh?
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26
10. PU THANG TIN LIAN
Pu Thang Tin Lian cu Tlauhmun Miuk Pu Van Nawl le Pi Khuang Tin Tial
teih fapa neihsun a si ih kum 1895 ah Tlauhmun khua ah a suak. A suah hlanah
mang an manmi cu, Singai Lal hlun Pu Ro Za Thang ih mang ah “Vancungmi in
pumqek qhipi hlum, ke zungpi tia pakhat a pek”. Pu Ro Za Thang cun, ‘Pu Van Nawl in
fapa a nei ding’ ti a theihthiam ruangah a mang cu a va sim. Asinan Pu Van Nawl cun
lung dok, lung dok lo in a um. Ziangahtile, a nupi in fanu lawnglawng a hrin qheu
ruangah a zumtheilonak a si. Dokhar Lal Pu Than Zam khal in mang pakhat a
manmi cu, a thizomi pa, Pu Thla Ceu in, “Than Zam, na u Van Nawl in fapa a nei
ding. A hmin ah Thang Tin Sawn nan sak pei”, ti in a sim hnuah a qhang. Pu Van Nawl
ih nupi Pi Khuang Tin Tial khal fa a von ngaingai ih a suah nithla a kim tikah fapate
a hring ngaingai. Nau hmin sak ding an pol tikah Pu Than Zam mang ih Pu Thla
Ceu simmi “Thang Tin Sawn” cu an duh bik. Asinan mithi sakmi hmin za teih lak
thluh a qha lo an ti ih nau hmin cu, Thang Tin Lian ti in an sak. Pu Thang Tin Lian
in suahpi farnu pasarih a nei.
Pu Thang Tin Lian cu kum 1906 in Falam Burmese Middle School ah tlawngkai
a thok. Kum 1913 ah phun sarih a ong. A tlawng kai laiah ca a thiam thei zet. Chin Hills
Superitendant Mr. Street khal in laksawng ah ngun tangka a pek. Cozah phun sarih
camibuai ah khal Kawl ram sungah pathumnak a ngah thei ti in U Po Khaw (Assistant
Inspector of Schools) in thuthang ah a than dah. Pu Thang Tin Lian cu mi cakvak, ram
tawi thei zet a si ih sa kaap thei zet khal a si. Ramsa phunkim, Vui, Fung, Pawpi,
Tlavang le ramsa dang tam pi a kaap. Amah cu ruangrai qha, mi cak zet a si ih a san lam
khal pinga le ruhpibok pahra a sang. A pa Pu Van Nawl A.T.M hminqhatnak laksawng
a lak lai ah khal Shwedagon Pagoda a sannak bik, zohman kaingamlonak hmun a kai ih
cuih hmun in qih lo tein leilung ah a dawp dah an ti.
Pu Thang Tin Lian kum 23 a kim, kum 1918 November 11 ni thok in Miuk
hnaquan a thok. Zahau ram le Hualngo ram sung khua 83 a uk. Laitlang Miuk lakah
uk kau bik a si. A uk sung khua zate kumkhat vei khat a tlawng ringring. Khua sung
thu nei duh, mi toaw, khua upa thungai lo, nuncan qha lo tla an um le na pi in a cawh
ih a hrem qheu. Curuangah a uk sung mi hmuahhmuah in an qih ngaingai. Khua kip
in an qih, an upat ruangah Mirang cozah vekin khuabawi le tlangsuak upa pawl in zu
27
le ei qha a phunphun thawn an ram ri ciar in an hmuak qheu. Khuakhat le khuakhat
karlak lamzin sialfai ding le khua sung thianfai ding hi a duhbikmi a si.
Pu Thang Tin Lian in a uk sung thu buai le hnahnawhnak um lo tein a
fingkhawi ih tlun lam bawi upa thu ngai in hna a quan ruangah meithal zunphir le
hminqhatnak capi Mirang cozah in laksawng a pek. Kum 1935 ah India Goveror
General in Silver Jubilee Medal le hminqhatnak A.T.M a pek.
Pu Thang Tin Lian Miuk a quan tikah Tlauhmun khua ah inn dothnih a sak
ih a inn cu tlorthing ahtermi, a uk sung hmuah a puttermi ih kulhmi a si. Zaute
pizakhat sau, pihleiriat kau tlarhnih khal a donter. Kum 1917 ah Laimi pawl France
ram ih Labour Corps quan ding in Mirang in an rel. Zahau uk sung France ram feh
luat thei dingah Pu Thang Tin Lian in Rs. 1000/- Mirang a bawm.
Pu Thang Tin Lian in a uk sung Kawl le Lai ram ri, Lusei le Lai ram ri thuhla
ah tla Mirang bawi pawl thawn relkhawmnak an nei qheu. Thu hman le thu dik
thawn thu a rel thei ruangah a uk sungah thu buai a um lo. Kum 1941 Decemer 8 ah
Japan pawl Kawl ram an lut. Mirang in Lai ram ah Western Chin Levi an phuan zo.
Kum 1942 May 11 ni ah Mirang bawi in Pu Thang Tin Lian cu Local Assistant a
quanter ih thla khat ah Rs. 200/- a pe qheu. A fapa Lal Bik le Sum Mang khal officer
cadets ah Rs. 250/- in hna an quan ih Champhai le Lai ram lak fangcang le thilri
dangdang Mirang a phurh bawm hngai.
Mirang cozah in Pu Thang Tin Lian uk sung hmun dang ih vaai pawl inn
zuartheinak a on ruangah lungkim lo in Yangon Mangki bawipa Mawlaih ah a vung
tong. Mangki bawipa in, “Inn zuar na kham thei, rawl zuar khal na kham thei” a ti.
Kum 1937 January 23 ah Magwe Mangki bawi Laitlang a tlawng ih, Miuk in siah
rawl kumkhat ah innkhat in relhnih lawng a co ding. Miuk ih ngahmi innthawng
tangka burkhawmmi Lal in a hrek dok seh, ti in thu a suah. Zathlir Lal in a thlunih
Yangon ah Lal hmuahhmuah an lungkimlonak lu pu dingin an feh. Falam Vuanthok
in feh lo dingin a kawh ruangah Zathlir Lal cu a kirsal na in Pu Thang Tin Lian cu
kir duh lo in Yangon a thleng ih 1937 August 25 ah Tlau a thlengsal. Kum 1943
November 17 ah Janpan pawl in an ko ih Falam ah hna an quanter. Mirang pawl khal
in Japan pawl thawn pehtlaihawknak neih an zum ruangah Hualngo Area cu a uk
sung in an laksak. Kum 1945 September 5 ah Tlau ah an kuatsal ih Zahau ram khua
28
30 a uktersal. Pu Thang Tin Lian cu kum 1946 ah Falam peng ai-awh in Yangon ah
miting kai dingin a suk. 1947 May ni 6 ah pumpi ahcia zo a si ruangah dam thei
nawn lo in 1947 May ni 10 ah a nunnak a cem ta. A ruak cu Tlauhmun ah an tlunpi
ih kum 1947 May ni 24 ah an phum.
Tuah ding:
1. Pu Thang Tin Lian cu ziang tikah a suak? Khui tawkah?
2. Zo pawl ih Miuk so a si? Phun ziat a ong?
3. Pu Thang Tin Lian hi ziang vek minung so a si?
4. Pu Thang Tin Lian ih mi cawhdan le mi hremdan hi qha na ti maw? Ziangah so?
5. Ziang tikah so a thih? Khui tawkah an phum?
***********************
29
QHENTHUMNAK: CAWNTLAK FIMSIMTU PAWL
1. HMUN HLEICE PAWL
1.1. Lailun
Kum 1400 AD hrawngah cun kan Pupa pawl harsatnak ruangah ral daihnak
tlang parih vai dingin an rak tum. Cuisinthok in Chin pawl cu abur abur in caan
dangdang ah lamzin dangdang in tlangpar ram ah an vai. Pu Thuan Kai le a rualpi pawl
lole a unau pawl cu hmunrawn ihsin an hung fehnak lam in Lailun ah mei tleu an hmu
ih an pan. An thlennak Lailun ah cun inn sak qul lo in lungpuk qhaqha tam pi a um ih,
cui’ hmun pawl ah khua an rak sa thok. Lailun rak thlengtu, kan pupa pawl ih hmun cu
simdan le theihdan bangrep cio lo hman seh la Laimi pawl ih suahkehnak le kan karhzai
thoknak hmun a rak si, an ti.
Lailun hi Sunthla Lailun ti in an thei tam bik. Cucu, Sunthla ram sungih a um
ruangah a si. Falam khawpi in pengnga tluk a hla. Sunthla in ni suahnak lam penghrek
tluk hla ah a um. Falam in hmunrawn fehnak mawqaw lamzin ih C. Zamual khua in
thlir tikah Sunthla khaw kiangte ah hmuh theih a si. Laitlun lungpi cu cawcang thung
vekin muk liallial ih a dingmi lungto sang pi a si. A san lam pi 300 lenglo a si. A lungpi
tonak kimvel hi lo fingnga (ekah nga) lai a kau. A parah zanthing kung phunphun,
hrampi le hri hnawng pawl an kho thei. Lailun ih sak lam cu hmunrawn zau qha deuh
a si ih, a thlang lam cu hmunhrap a si hlei ah lung khelkhol hlir a si. Cui Lailun ih
thlanglam, a hram lam ah hlan lai kan pupa pawl rak umnak lungpuk pawl an um.
Mi tampi in Lailun lungkua an ti qheu. Lailun le a kiangkap ummi lungkua
hmuahhmuah a tel qheh. Hlanlai minung pawlih, nuntu khawsak theinak ding lungkua,
puk fate te a tam. Asinan mi tampi ih theih bik mi cu far vangih luh qulmi lungkua
pawl an si bik. Cui lungkua puk pawl cu Ngentiang puk, Landon puk, le Lungqial puk
pawl an si. Hlanlai ahcun Pu Hlawn Ceu le Pu Za Hau in Lailun cu vengthum ah an
rak qhen. (1) Lailun veng (2) Lungqial veng le (3) Sunthla veng ti ah an qhen.
Lailun khawlipi cu ni khat hnu ni khat a rak qhangso vivo ih, Lailun veng ah inn
350, Lungtial veng ah inn 100 le Sunthla veng ah inn 100 an rak um ih mipum 2700
lenglo an rak si. Minung an karhzai vivo tikah Lailun kiangkap ah khua an din. Tu ah
Lailun kiangkap ah bulpak ram fiak tete tam zet an um. Cui pawl cu pupa pawlih
innhmun pawl a rak si. Minung an punzai tikah, cui hmun ihsin hmun dang dangah an
thekdarh aw qheh. Lailun kiangkap ahcun Sunthla pawl lawng an tangta. Laimi pawl
suahkehnak Lailun cu 1998 kum U Kap Cung Nung in Chin-pyine Ukkathah a quan
lai in C. Zamual khaw kiangin Lailun thleng tiang mawtaw lamzin an rak cek. Cui
lamzin on puai ah Lailam a phunphun, khuang le dar thawn, Lai meithal pawl kap
30
ciamcon in, Lailun ramah hlunghlai zetin an rak tuah. Kum 2005 ah, Zomi Theological
College, Falam in Lailun hram ah Laimi pawlih zohthimtlak dum (sanpiah uhzin) si
dingah an tuah. Cucun Pupa pawl ih hmun le ram fingkhawinak khal a si.
___________
1.2. Zinghmuh tlang
Zinghmuh tlang hi tlangtluanpi a si ih Falam le Hakha karlak, Falam ihsin
peng 23 tluk hla ah a um. Tlangzar khua ih Acozah thlaici cinnak hmuan lu ihsin
Chuncung ram tlang kuampi tiang a pehawmi a si ih, peng 5 tluk cu lungkhampi
lawnglawng a si. A sannak bik ah cun pi 8414 a sang. Tlang ih ni suahnak lam cu a
hram lamah dikari 70, 80 hrawng hrap in a um ih, tlangzim thlennak pi 200 tluk
hmun ihsin, lungto cang dawlmi vekin dikari 90 tluk hrap zetin a um. Tlang ih ni
tlaknak lam cu hrapzal deuh in a um ih peng 2 hrawng hlatnak ah Sihti rawnpi a um.
Cu mi cu Laiva le Nikva ih hramthoknak tihna a si ih, Lai tili thawn hmun rawn ah
an pehaw. Laiva cu ni suahnak lamah a luang ih, Nikva cu ni tlaknak lamah a luang.
Zinghmuh tlang cu tlang sang zet a si vekin, tlangzim ihsin khua hun cuan
tikah ni suahnak lamah Kawl phairawn a lang ih, ni tlaknak lamah India Mizo ram
tiang hmuh a theih. Tlang a san vekin thli khal a tam zet. Fur caan ah cun mero le
suum a zaam ringring. Thlatang caan ni suah pekte ah cun tlangtluan hmuahhmuah
var zetin a lang ih, cu cu ‘zinghmuh khawhrum pawl in patpar an pho ti ah pupa pawl
in an ti. Zinghmuh tlang hramah Ramthlo khua a um. Ramhlo lam ihsin zoh tikah
lungkhampi a si. Kan pupa pawl cu lungto phun dang deuh, zanthing phun dang
deuh an hmuh cun a sungah khawsia asilole khawzing um dingin an ruat qheu.
Khuahlan ah cun kan pupa pawl in Zinghmuh tlang cu khawzing bawi umnak
hmun ah an zum ih kum tin tein ‘vok thau le ar’ in an be qheu. Acuih tlangpi hrimhrim
hi phiang kum tin tein secang in an biak. An secang cu tlangbawi sangtu pai’ inn ah
an hreng. Tlangbawi pawl in mipa nauhak biar kaih thei hrih lo le, hrinhnam cio
ihsin sawmmi upa bik pawl in secang cu an diir ih thlacamnak an nei. Thlacam qheh
hnuah sia cu an that ih a sa hmin tein an suang. A thin, a cuap, a lung, a ril, a thau ti
in kim tein an lak ih biakdon (lung dawlmi) parah an ret. Tlangbawipa (Puithiam) in
a ei theh hnuah, a sa dang cu mipi in an ei. An ei hleimi cu a hmun ah a tanta. Khua
leng suak lo in ni hra sung an uul. Nunau pawl cu inn ah thiam tah na, a lengaw na,
zupi intlang in, nuam zetin an um. Zinghmuh biak caan hi kum tin May thla cem le
June thla thar hrawngah an tuah qheu.
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31
2. LO THLAWHDAN
Lo thlawhdan phunhnih a um. Cu mi pawl cu;
2.1. Pil her lo thlawhdan le,
2.2. San man lo thlawhdan tla an si.
Pil her lo thlawhdan cu kum tin, asilole kumhnih dan in asilole lo pil neihdan
ih zir in lo thar vaat ih thawn vivo hna tuandan a si. Pil her lo thlawhdan in a hnuai
lam bangtukin thatlonak tam pi a nei.
a. Meikhu, leikhu lakih hna tuan a tam ruangah kan hardamnak a siatsuah.
b. Hriamhrei ih tuahmawhawknak a tam.
c. Leidawm a cem vivo ih tirawl suak a mal vivo.
d. Hna tuancia pehbet vivo ti a um thei lo.
e. Ram meikang a tamter ih leiram a carter.
f. Ruahpi in lei dawm a luanpi ih leiram a ngalter.
g. Lo sung le Lo kiangkap ah thingthei rah ciin ding a har.
h. Umtlannak thar tuah ringring a tuul ih a har.
i. Ei ding, zuar ding neih ringring a theih lo.
j. Tar lam hrangah a himdam thei lo.
k. Thinlung, taksa zonzairetheihnak a pek.
San man lo thlawhdan timi in thu hrampi pahnih a nei.
a. Kumkhua tlaitluan (permanent) lo nei ding
b. Kontu (Contour line) tuah ih a parah dawm kung tlar a phunphun ciing ih leiram
thatter ding.
San man lo thlawhdan in a hnuai lam bangtukin thathnemnak tam pi a nei.
a. Ruahpi in lei dawm luansukpi thei lo dingin dawm kung tlar cinmi in a kham.
b. Dawm kung hnah phahmi uam in leikuang a dawmter.
c. Lei dawm in tirawl tam pi a suakter ih eiin khop in ngahter.
d. Lo mei ur ruangah ram mei kangter timi a um nawn lo ih ram a hninghnoter.
e. Ei ding, zuar ding thingthei rah a phunphun ciin a theih.
f. Tilva tlanlennak hmunhma neih theih a si ih Loram le tirawl siatsuahtu an um lo.
g. Minung thazang lawng si lo in tilva le cet fate tha thawn hnatuan a theih.
h. Tar lam hrangah lo hna tuan a ol vivo ih thinlung le thazang a hahdam.
i. Lo zin tha le kau ih remthat vivo a theih ruangah phurhthiarnak ah minung thazang
lawng hmang lo ih tilva le cet tha hman a theih.
j. Tesinfa pawl hrangah ro tha kan roh thei a si.
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32
3. SERSIAMMI THUHLA TAWI
Leilung sungih um sersiammi hmuahhmuah hi pakhat le pakhat
pehtlaihawknak kan nei. Ahleicein minung hi kiang le kap pawl um lo cun kan nung
thei lo. Kiang le kap ring ih a nungmi kan si. Mah duhduh ih kiang le kap siatsuahnak
hin milai nunnak ah qihnungza a thlenter thei. Kiang le kap thuhla tampi kan thei le
kiang le kap kan ngainat le duhdawtnak thinlung kan nei thei ding. Sersiammi pawl
pakhat le pakhat an pehparawknak pawl zirnak cu ‘Ecology’ ti in an ko.
‘Ecology’ timi qongfang cu Grik qong “Oikos’ ihsin a ra. A sullam cu ‘Innpi’
asilole ‘Umnak hmun’ ti a si. Kum1869 ah hi qongfang hi German mifim Ernst Haechel
in a rak hmang thok. Sersiammi pawl hmuahhmuah cu hi leilungpi sungah innsang
pakhat vekih umkhawmmi kan si. Pakhat ciar in kan thupi thluh a si. A tumbul le a
tebul, a qha le a sia cuang kan um lo. Innsang pakhat sungah nu si seh, pa si seh, fa le
pakhatkhat khal siatnak, damlonak a um ringring cun cuih innsang cu a hlim in a
nuam thei lo. Sungkua sungah khal hautawknak, tawhawknak, sualawknak,
siatsuahawknak, remawklonak a ummi innsang cu a nuam lo. Curuangah innsang
khat ih a umkhawmmi sersiammi kan si vekin kan kiangkap thawn dai tein le
bawmawton ih um thei hi zir a quul. Ni tin kan nun ah zuam rero ding kan si.
Ziangahtile kan thlarau hrangah si seh, kan leinun hrangih a qulzetmi a si.
Leilung le a sungih ummi hmuahhmuah hi sersiamtu in mawi le qha zetih
sersiammi a si. Sersiammi pawl anmah le tawk cio in qhathnemnak an nei. A sungah
kan um, kan palmi leilungpi hi kan zoh cun in cawmdawltu a rak si. Ei ding ti le rawl
in peek. Thingthei rah phunphun a suah. Nunnak a neimi hmuah lungawi aipuang
tein kan tlanlennak a si. Cirhti thiang a suak ih nunnak a neitu hmuahhmuah hrangah
damnak a si.
Ni nu le ruahpi in thlai le thingthei pawl an qhanter. Hring dildel khurtlang le
nuam zetih a tlanglengmi ramsa pawl hmuhnak in thinlung nomnak le damsaunak
tiang mi a pe. Zan thlapi eng hnuaiih len le vah tla a nuam tuk. Cung vansang ih a
ummi arsi pawl tla an mawi zet. Sun niling le thawsat caan ih a hrangdiahdomi zilthli
thiang te hi milai nunnak ih leitheihlomi laksawng a si. Tipi pawl in ramkhat le
ramkhat pehtlaihnak a nuamter. A sungih ummi ramsa pawl in ti an thiangter ve.
Anmah le tawk in an mawi ih zoh an nuam.
Sersiammi pawl hi anmah le tawk cio in an mawi ih midang hrangah khal an
qha. An mawinak le an qhatnak hmuh sinsin thei dingin kan zuam a quul. Kannih
milai pawl khal sersiammi kan si vekin mi hrangih qhatnak le lungawinak suahtertu si
33
hei ding nun hi a mawimi nun a si. Nauhak lai ihsin si thei dingih zuam hi a qhami
nun a si.
Tuah ding:
1. ‘Ecology’ timi sullam cu ziang a si? Khuitawk in a ra suakmi qong so a si?
2. Zo in a hmang hmaisa bik?
3. Sersiammi pawl ziangti’n na hmu? Na hrang ah qha na ti maw?
***************
4. HIV / AIDS
HIV (Human Immuno Virus) timi cu Human=Minung, Immuno=thisen ralkap
(white blood) Deficiency=siat (lole) tlasam, Virus=natnak hrik fate tinak a si. AIDS cu
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome tinak a si. Acquired=suahkeh si lo ih kan
neihcopmi, Immuno-defiency=thisen ralkap tlasam, Syndrome=natnak phunkhat ai ih
tam a hlom in taksa ih langsuak tinak a si.
HIV/AIDS thu hi ral doawknak thawn tahqhim theih a si. Ralkap pawl in an
ral pawl an do bangin kan thisen ralkap pawl in lenglam ihsin taksa sungah natnak
hrik a rung lutmi pawl kha kan thisen ralkap pawl in an rak do qheu. Asinan HIV
hrik cu thisen sungah a karhzai ih kan thisen ralkap pawl kha natnak hrik lutmi do
thei lo dingin a rak siatsuah theh. Cutikah natnak phunphun kan ngahnak a si.
4.1. HIV hrik
AIDS cu HIV hrik ruagih um natnak a si. Cuih hrik cu pangang fate ngaingai
a si ih Electronic zohtumnak Electron Microscope ih zoh lawng ih hmuhtheihmi a si.
Nat hrik cun phaw a nei ih a phaw cu hling in a khat. Cuih hrik cu thisen, mipa
nunau zahmawh ihsin a suakmi ti, mithli, ciil, hnawi ti pawl ah a um. HIV hrik cu
sonawktheihmi nat hrik a si.
4.2. Nat langdan a phunphun
4.2.1. Natnak picang pawl
(a) Puhmawh ding dang um cuang si lo in thlakhat sungah taksa rihnak lam zatek 10
(10%) ih a quum tikah
(b) Natnak puhmawh ding um si lo in thlakhat hnakih tam a sung a dok a si le
(c) Thlakhat hnakih rei a tak a sa a si le
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4.2.2. Natnak tenau pawl
(a) Taksa ih ummi qhalbe (Lolfuan) a thling.
(b) Thlakhat hnakih tam khuhheng in a um.
(c) Naute kaa qawt bangin a kaa a hma thei.
(d) Meikang puar vekin vun a puar ih a hma thei.
(e) Takpum ah thakpherh hma vekin an suak thei.
A tlunih nat langdan picang phunhnih le a tenau phunkhat a um ah cun
AIDS nat a si ding ti theih a si. Nauhak ah cun a picang nat phunkhat le a tenau
phunhnih a lang a si le AIDS nat a si tiah ruah theih a si.
4.3. Nathrik nei na in hmuh thei lo caan
Nat hrik a um thok ihsin thla 3-6 a rei lawng ah thisen zoh tikah nat hrik
hmuh theih a si. Cui hlanah cun thisen zoh khal le nat hrik hmuh a theih qheu lo. Cui
caan cu “window period” ti ah kawh a si. Nat hrik hmuh thei lo hman seh la midang
a suan thei thotho.
4.4. AIDS natnak a dam thei maw?
Nat hrik khamnak si a um hrih lo hleiah damternak si khal a um hrih lo.
Asina’n HIV hrik karhzai lo dingih khamnak si cu a um rero zo. Hmansehla si man
a khun lawng si lo in, Sibawi thawi’ tuamhlawm a qulringringmi a si ruangah, a
harsatnak lai tam pi a um. Hi natnak ngah lo dingih kilvenawknak qha bik cu, “mipi
hnenih nat khamawkdan zirhawknak” hi a si.
4.5. AIDS ziangtiin kan hrial thei ding?
(a) Nupi, Pasal neihawk hlanah nupa sinak hman lo ding.
(b) Neihawk ding tikah thisen zoh hmaisa ta ding.
(c) Neihawk hnuah nupi pasal parah rinum tein um ding.
(d) Zahmawh bangrep pawlawknak (same sex or oral sex) hrial ding.
(e) Thisen suaktertheimi thilri hmantlang lo ding.
(f ) Nupa sinak thu ah na kilkhawiawk thei lo pittawp a si le nat hrik na ngah ding
hnakcun “condom” hmang aw.
35
4.6. AIDS natnak ngahmi pawl ziangtiin kan zoh ding?
Hi natnak hi lamzin a phunphun in ngah theih a si lam thei in, nat a tuartu hi
hmuhsuamnak qongka le mithmai thawn thleidan ding a si lo. Duhdawtnak le
zawnruahnak thawn, tha nau lo dingin qha peknak thawn kilkhawi ding a si.
Tuah ding:
1. AIDS natnak hi zopawl in an ngah tam cuang?
2. AIDS thu kan rel ih na tih maw?
3. AIDS natnak hi mitha le mithalo bangrepte’n an ngah. Cucu a dik maw?
4. AIDS nat ngah ding hi a tihnung tuk ruangah felte’n um ding kan si. A tha maw?
*********************
5. MIPA LE NUNAU DINHMUN (GENDER)
'Gender' timi cu mirang tong a si. Kawl tong in tla 'Gender' ti thotho in a
kawh ih, kan lai tong in tla 'Gender' ti ih kawh thotho ding a si. Ziangah tile 'Gender'
timi tongfang hi let a theih lo ih, Leitlun ram tinkim ih tongtinkim in tla 'Gender'
tiah an ko theh mi tulai tongfang lar zet pakhat a si. Kan tong thawn a let thei lo kan
ti nan 'Gender' timi ih a sullam a sawhduh bik mi cu 'Mipa le nunau karlak ih thleidang
awknak' asilo le 'Mipa, nunau sinak ruangih thleidang le namnuai nautat awknak'
kha a sawhduh bik mi a si. Tahqhimnak ah kan Lai daan ih kan neihmi 'Fanu cu Pai’
ro a co thei lo', tivek pawl le a hlan kan pupa sanlai ah cun nunau cu lo thlotu, fahringtu,
inn hnatuantu men hrawng ih an ruah mi a si ruangah tlawng kai ih fimzir an siang
lo. Cuvek thotho in leitlun ram tinkim ah tla nunau sinak ruangih thleidannak,
namnuai le nautatnak tampi cu nunau pawl in an tuar ve a si.
Curuangah tulai san ah cun leitlun ramkip ih ummi hmuahhmuah in nunau
pawl ih thil titheinak covo an neihmi congahvetheinak dingah 'Gender' cangvainak
hi a larzetmi pakhat a si. Hitivek in a larzet theinak dingah mifim hmaisa ram kan ti
theu mi nitlaknak ram pawl ihsin kumzabi 19 tlailam (hnulam) le kum zabi 20 thok
tir hrawng ah an cangvaithokmi a si. Ni tlaknak ram ih um minung pawl in minung
pakhat ih amai co dingmi covo a khuanazi cu congah thei ding hi thupizet ah a ret
mi a si. Cuih covo akhuanazi cu mipa, nunau thleidannak um lo in bangrep ten
congah ve thei nak dingah nunau pawl ih hoha nak in himi 'Gender' cangvaihnak hi
36
an rak thok mi a si. A hlan ahcun America ram ih um nunau pawl cu me (vote) pek
theinak an nei lo. Asinan himi 'Gender' cangvaihnak ruangah America ram ih nunau
pawl cu 1920 kum ihsin thokin hrilawk tikah me (vote) an pe theinak khuan cu mipa
pawl vekin an congah ve a si.
Kawlram ahcun 1935 kum ah nunau pawl me pektheinak an cove. Asinan
mipa, nunau thleidanawknak cu hmuh ding ngaingai in a thleng thei hrih lo. Nunau
pawl cu mi malte a simi midum (vundum) pawl vekin hnaquan an pek tikah, hnaquan
tha, hnaquan tuum an pek duh lo ih hleiah, thu a phunphun ruangih hnaquan colh qul
a si ah cun nunau pawl cu hnaquan ihsin suahmi lole cawlhtermi an tuar cuanglai
hrih. Cuti cun 'Gender' cangvaihnak cu an peh vivo ih 1970 kum hnulam ihsin thok
in mipa, nunau sinak ruangih thleidannak pawl nei nawn lo ding timi upadi cu America
acozah (uktu) in an tuahsuak thei a si.
Cuticun America ram lawng si lo in ram tinkim ah 'Gender' cangvaihnak cu a
kiam lam si lo in a tha a cak sinsin. Cuihruangah nunau pawl ih thil titheinak cu
milai nun khawsaknak ah a thupi zetmi a si ti ah nuam tetein an saang thei vivo a si
ti kan hmu thei. 1980 kum ah America ram ih mifim mithiam an timi pawl ih a hrek
cu nunau pawl ah an cangta a si.
Kan Kawlram ah himi 'Gender' cangvaihnak cu 1995-96 hrawng ihsin an
cangvai thok ve a si. Acozah (uktu) pawl thawn pehtlaihnak a neilomi ‘NGO Gender
group’ ih dinmi tla an um vekin acozah thawn a pehkai-awmi cu, 'Kawl ram nunau
hrang cangvaihnak bur ti ah a larzetmi pawlkom pakhat an din ve. Tulai kan leilungpi
ih khuitawk ram khal ah siseh, rampi ih thazaang pakhat vekih a rak cangvivomi
nunau pawl ih an codingmi covo pawl congah ve thei dingih cangvaihnak 'Gender
Issue' hi a thupi zetmi cangvaihnak pakhat a si ti a lang. Curuangah nunau mipa sinak
ruangih thleidanawknak pawl a maltheivivonak dingah le theihthiamsakawknak nei
theinak dingah nasa takin bom le cangvaih hi a qulmawi ve zetmi a si.
Tuah ding:
1. Gender timi cu ziang a si?
2. “Fanu cu Pai’ ro a co thei lo” timi na lungkim maw. Na ruahdan in sim hnik aw.
3. Nunau na si ruangah na riah a sia maw? Ziangruangah.
*******************
37
6. DAWM TUAHDAN
6.1 Meikhu thli thlormi dawm tuahdan
Hna pakhat na quan ding a si le ahlankhan in a qulmi thilri pawl kim tein
khawl hmaisa ringring ding a si. Hnaquan duh tikah thilri umcia ih hnaquan cu can a
heu lo ih famkim tein quan qheh khal a ol.
6.1.1. A qulmi thilri
Meikhu thli thlormi ti ih dawm tuah tikah a qulmi thilri pawl cu;
(a) Rua pum pi 24 sau pakhat,
(b) Rua lole hau hnu-ah zarhhnih tluk retmi thing cawlleng phurkhat tluk,
(c) Canphio pili saumi pakhat tla an si.
6.1.2. A tuahdan
Khur pakhat kha pili sau, pithum kau, le pihnih tluk thuk in na lai ding. Cule
na lakciami thing kha pili tluk sau in na tah thluh hnu-ah na laihmi khur sungah na
ret ding. Thing na ret thluh hnu-ah tlun lamah meikhu suahnak ong na tuah pei ih a
hnuai lamah thli lut thei dingin ong na tuah thotho ding. Rua na lakmi kha a cang
umnak zawnah ong fate na vit dingih ruadawng sungihsin meikhu suak thei dingin a
a cangpihnak na vitpop thluh ding. Ruacang na vihpopmi cu meikhu suak lo dingin
na phitsal dingih a zim lam ong lawng in meikhu a suak thei ding. Cule rua kha 30
dgree tluk hrapzal in na ret ding. Rua ih a taw lamah meikhu ti thlornak na tuah pei
ih palastic pung in a thli na dong ding. Cutiin na pung sungah khur sungih thing na
urmi a cem hlan lo meikhu ti luangmi na dong ringring ding. Cui ti cu dawm ah
hman theih a si thlang.
6.1.3. A qhathnemnak le a hmandan
Meikhu ti dawm cu amal bik thlathum tal ret a quul. Thlathum a rei hnu-ah
cui dawmti cu khuatkhat ah tidai khuatzahnih in na rawi ding. Hanghnah hangrah
hrangah cun zarhkhat vekkhat zing lam tengteng ah na tawih qheu pei. Thingthei kung
le fangcang an si le thlakhat ah veikhat na tawih pei. Thlaihnah eitu pangah khamnak
hrangah dawmti khuatkhat ah tidai khuat 50 rawimi hman ding a si. Thingkung na cin
hlan zarhkhat duh ah na cinnak ding leiram parah na rak burhcia qheu ding. Dawmti cu
daihnem ah na ret ringring pei ih thli le tidai lut lo dingin qha tein na ralring pei. Hi vek
dawmti hi pangang a that thei lo nain um lo dingih khamnak a si. Hanghnah hangrah
a thatter lawng si lo in lairam a qhatertu dawm qha ngaingai a si.
****************
38
7. HARHDAMNAK
Nat ngah hnuih si thawn tuamhlawm hnakin nat ngah hlanih khamawkcia a
qha sawn a si. Nat ngah lo dingin kan khamawktheinak pawl cu;
(a) Takpum, inn le kiangkap thiangfai tein tuah ding,
(b) Thazang a umtertheimi ti le rawl pawl ni tin khopkham tein ei ding, le
(c) Nauhak laiih nat kham si dawh ding timi pawl tla an si.
Harhdamnak thu thawn pehparaw in a hnuailam ih thupi pahnih kan zir
ding.
7.1. Takpum thianfainak
Takpum thiangfai dingin a tanglam pawl hi thlun ding a si.
(a) Zingpit thawh ve tein hmai phiah ding.
(b) Rawl ei qheh le zaan ih zawngah ha fai tein qhuah ding.
(c) Eiin dingmi pawl tham hlan, ekinn ihsin suah ve tein, mina pawl ih zunek, hnap,
ciil timi pawl tham qheh ve tein kut kha satpia thawn fai tein kholh tengteng ding.
(d) Nitin satpia thawn ti kholh ding. Khawhlum caan ah ni khat vei hnih ti kholh
ding.
(e) Ti kholh qheh ve tein sinfen thleng lohli ding.
(f ) Kut tin le ke tin pawl hmaan tein tan ding.
(g) Lei par feh tikah kedam dam ringring ding.
(h) Sinfen pawl thiangfai tein sawp ih ret qheu ding. Ihphah, lukham, puan, pher
pawl nisa ah a cancan ih pho qheu ding.
(i) Kumkhat vei khat, mit sibawi thawn mit zohter qheu ding. Kumkhat vei khat, ha
sibawi thawn ha zohter qheu ding.
Kut kholh lo in rawl kan ei a si le kut ih umi nat hrik kha rawl thawn kan ka
sungah a lut dingih ril lam nat kan ngah ding. Khukrul neitu pawl cu kut fai tein an
kholh lo a si le an kut ah khukrul ti a taang thei. Cun, thil a ei ih a rualpi pawl a thil
eimi a pek ve tikah an pum sungah khukrul ti a lut ve dingih khukrul an neicih ve
ding. Thakthak nat tla a neitu thawn umtlang, ittlang, sinfen le hmaihnul pavua pawl
a hmangtlang a si le thakthak a nei ve thei a si.
____________
39
7.2. Zu
Zu kan timi cu alcohol a telmi a si ih cui’ ti kan in tikah alcohol cun mi a riter
thei a si. Cun, alcohol ah Calorie a tel ih cu mi cun taksa a hlumter thei a si. Zu in tikah
pumpi in zamrang tein a hawp lohli ih thisen thahri sungah a thleng. Thisen sungah
alcohol a tam vivo tikah thluak ruahnak le cangvaihnak a fungter. Cumi cu zu ri kan
timi a si. Kum tam pi sung zu a inringringtu cu a thluak le a taksa a siatsuah a si. Zu
a inringringtu cu thu qha tein a ruat thei nawn lo, hna qha tein a quan thei nawn lo,
daan a pahbal qheu ih mi a tuahmawh qheu, a nuncan ziaza a sia vivo. Cule thinlung
lam nat tla a nei.
Zu ruangah nat tampi ngah a theih. Cupawl tla cu;
(a) Vitamin tlaksam nat (qhimnak - thi mal nat)
(b) Thin thling nat
(c) Thin car nat
(d) Pumpi cancer, pumpi thling nat le pumpi nat a phunphun
(e) Ka le hngawng cancer
(f ) Tha thling le thahri nat
(g) Lung nat qhenkhat (qhimnak - lung tit nat pawl)
(h) Zu ruangih thinlung mumal lo nat a phunphun
(i) Zu ruangih thluak siat nat timi pawl an si.
Tuah ding:
1. Nikhat ah vei ziangzat ti na kholh qheu?
2. Zing na thawh tik le na ih zik ah ha na qhuah ringring maw?
3. Na kut tin le na ke tin i hmuh hnik aw!
4. Zu kan timi ah ziang mi a tel. I sim hnik aw.
5. Alcohol timi ziang a siih, a qhatlonak thu i sim hnik aw.
6. Zu ruangah ngahthei mi nat pathum in i sim hnik aw.
7. Zu rit qhatlonak thu pahnih in i sim hnik aw.
*********************
40
8. TIRAWL TUAHTHATDAN
8.1. Cabit
Cabit phunhnih in an qhen. A pum ih ei pawl (table type) le uam ih wine ih
tuah pawl (wine type) tla an si. Ram dang ah cun a caar ih eitheihmi (seedless-type) tla
a um. Kan Chin ram ah cun kan ciing thei hrih lo. Falam peng, Locom khua ah an
ciing na in a nung thei lo. Sabit hi uam in wine ah tam pi ih tuah thei ah cun
pumcawmnak ah a qha. A leiram le a nikhua ih zir in a sia le a qha a um. Kan ram ih
table type timi phun uam tikah Kawlrawn um, Kyaukpadawng, Meihqhila le Pyobuai
ti pawl ih Cabit hnakin Chinland, Teddim ram ta a qha deuh. Cun, Teddim ram ta
hnakin Falam ta hi a qha sinsin. A tawi zawng ih sim ah cun Kawlram sabit
hmuahhmuah lakah Falam Sabit uammi a qha bik.
8.1.1. A cindan
(a) A lei ram:
Lei vuar, ram qha le tidai tam pi ngahnak, leilung a thuur le al ‘ph 5 k 8’ karlak,
‘ph 6-7’ hi a duh bik.
(b) Nikhua:
Nikhua a dai lam 30` F le a sat lam ah 115` F degree karlakah ciin a theih.
Falam ah cun hmun rawn 60-80 zatek (percent) ah ciin a ngah.Ruahpi suur zat bok
20 (20 inches) ihsin bok- 40 (40 inches) tiang a surnak ah a remcang bik.
(c) A Cindan: Raang ran, bung phun, rangsir ran le sawlpian (busky-type) ti in an
tuah. Chinland ah cun Sawlpian (bushy type) hi kan tuah thei hrih lo.
(d) Raang ran: Khur dongli vuakvel lai ih, tualsuak dawm (natural fertilizer) burh ih
ciin a theih. Cabit fa a no lai ihsin a kainak tuahsakcia ih, mai’ lawhban le a hnge tam
bang, dong 4 le 5 sang ih raang ran a theih. A tung lam thuam le a vaang a kauh le a
fiah lam khal mai’ duh zawngih tuah a theih ko. Kum rei pi hman ding a si ruangah
lawithing le khuaihnawk, culole thingcang rei daih a qha.
(e) Bung phundan: Khur sungih cabit note kha bung timi qhuam parih kaiter ih cindan
a si. Hi mi hi an hmang lem lo.
(f ) Thlangsir randan: Cabit hri kha a siir lam lole a phei lamih zamter hi a si. Mah le
41
rem tidan in hrili lole hrithum in zamter a theih. Cabit hri ih keh le vorh ah, mah le
duhdan in zamter a theih. A kilkhawi le a zoh a ol. A zamnak ah thingcang lole
thirhri a qha. Thirhri hi rei a daih na in thingcang qha te hi duh a um deuh.
(g) A Kung (hri) hlat le nai: Kungkhat le kungkhat dongthum lole dongthum le hrek
a theih thotho. Mah le rem ti daan in le a hmunram zoh in ciin a ngah. A zamnak
ding ah thirhri lole thing qha te tuah seh la a qha. A raang parih sabit a kainak dingah
thirhri lole thing fate retsak ding. Cu ti in tlar-3, tlar-4 tiang zam vingvo ding. A
kung (Hrii) qha bik lawng kaiter ding. Tlaang ran si seh, bung phun, tlang-sir ran, le
Sawlpian (Bushy Type) si seh qha te ih zohqhat le tuamhlawm a quul. Tlaang ran ding
a si le kum rei pi hrang a si ih, a rah tikah do thei dingin thingqha le hngetkhoh deuh
ih tuah a qha.
(h) A Hnge cindan: Cabit a hnah a qilh caan, February (Vau) le March (Satuah)
karlakhrawngah kut zungte tia deuh lo fang lak a qha. A caang umnak in a hram a
suah ding ruangah canghnih tal um seh la a qha. A hnge na lakmi kha lei dawm qha le
ek dawm (caw, vok, aar) kha hrikta aw la, cule vunnel 1, lei qha 3, ek dawm 2, hrawngin
rawi ih tuah ding. Plastic bawm kha tidai zun thei ding in vih tlang ding ih, tidai pek
qheu ding. Ni tleu tam tuk ngah lo dingin tuahsak ding. A nungmi kha kum 1 lole 2
ah phun ding.
Tuah ding:
1. Cabit cindan phun ziat na thei? Sim hnik aw.
2. Cabit phun ziat in an then. Sim hnik aw.
3. Cabit in ziangvek leiram le nikhua a duh bik?
*********************
42
9. THIL THUPI BIK PATHUM
Milai pawl ih kan nunnak ah hin thil thupi tam pi an um. Cuih thil thupi
pawl lakah khurkhua zir in an thupit bik caan a um qheu. An qhupitdan khal cu an
bangrep thei lo. Asinain a tlangpi thu ih diktheimi cu a um ve. Cu mi thu thei duh ah
siangpharang pakhat cu ‘hermit’ timi, mah lawng hramlak um (yateh-pa) mifimpa
hnenah, amah humhualtu ralkap tla thawn an va feh. A ralkap pawl cu lamhla nawn
ah ralveng phah in an tangta.
Hermit mifimpa cu duum fate a rak tuah rero. Cu laiah cun siangphahrangpa
cun a vun naih ih, “Ka pa! Na dam cak maw?” ti in upatnak thawn a biak hmaisa.
Hermit cun, “Ka damcak sokhaw. Nang teh? Poihai dang teh na nei maw? Ziang so
ka lo bom thei ding?” ti in mithmai pan tein a rak sawn. Siangphahrang cun, “Ka pa,
na man lo zet ding na in, leilung tlunih thil thupi bik hi ziang an si pei, ti lo suh ka
duh ih ka ra lo pan a si,” ti ah a ti. Hermitpa cun let lohli lo in a hnaquan a peh.
Siangphahrang khal cun a thiam tawkin a rak bawm ve. Theih rang duh cing cun
hermit pa cu a sutbet ngam nawn lo.
Caan a rung liam, ni a tla zik thlang! Hermit cun a let hrih cuang lo. Cu
laifangah pacang qha pakhat, thi le hnai thawn, hriamhma pu in an kiangah a rung
riil. Cu pa cu ‘zinghnam zawhte kaihtak’ a bang. Thinphang le baang zet cing cun, “I
ruun uh law! Ka thi ngaingai ding,” a ti ih a thei-aw nawn lo. Cule hermit le
Siangphahrang te pahnih cun thinpem zetin an tuamhlawm. Hermitpa cun tlangsam
le thinghram ih tuahmi sivai thawn a tuamhlawm. Sabit ti mal te tla a tul. Cucun a
mit a hung mengtheisal. Cule nauhak siraw bangin Siangphahrangpa ih kut cu a kut
hnih tein a qang ah a pom ih, “Bawipa! I ngaithiam hram aw! ka sual tuk, kei hi
khuahlan ih a lo dodaltu pawl, rak hotupa ih fapa ka si. Ka pa na rak thah ruangah
phuhlam dingin naam thawn ka lo rak bawh. Na rei tuk ih khua thim hlanih lo that
dingin, lo ra pan ka tum. Ka relhnak ihsin ka suah tikah, na ralkap pawl in in rak hmu
ih naam thawn in run hual. Pahnihthum cu hma ka baih man na in; an thiam, an ral
a qhat hlei ah na parah rintlak in an qang. Ka neh thei lo ih hi ti in hriamhma tuar in
ka rung thleng. Nangmah le hermitpa um lo uh la ka thi zo ding. I runtu le i nuntu hi
nangmah na si. Ka nun sung, thih ngam in, na sal bangtukrori-in ka lo rian ding” ti ah
a ti. Hermit cun Siangphahrangpa cu na thei zo ko lo maw! ti in a zoh keukeu.
43
Siangphahrangpa cun um thei nawn lo in, “ Ka pa! ka thu suhmi i let thlang hram aw,
ka tlun a cu zo,” ti ah a ngen. Hermit cun “Na thu suhmi cu na theingah hrih lo
maw?” ti ah a ti. Cule, Siangphahrangpa cun, “Ka pa! ka theifiang lo!” ti ah a ti.
Cui’ si cun hermitpa in hi ti in a simfiang: “Siangphahrangpa! Na hrangih
caan thupi bik cu hnaquan i bom lai caan a si. Hnaquan thupi bik cu, ka hna i bom hi
a si ih mi thupi bik cu keimah hi ka si. I bawm ta lo aw la, na ralpa in a lo thatngah
ding. Cun apahnihnak ah, na ralpa ih hriamhma na tuamhlawm; thi lo tein a nungdam,
minung nunnak na runngah. Cuihhleiah ral cu sal qha bik ah a cang. Cuihhrangah
“Mi thupi bik cu mai’ kiang ummi minungpi a si ih, hnaquan thupi bik cu an hrangih
an qulmi tuahsak hi a si”, cule caan thupi bik cu minung hrangih thil qha nan tuah lai
caan te hi a si, tiah a letsal. Siangphahrangpa cun, “Ka pa ka lung a awi tuk. Dam tein
maw! a ti ih a ralkap pawl a ko ih a ralpa cu rang parah a retter. Cule lungawi tein a
run-inn pan in an tlungta.
Tuah ding:
1. Thil qha nikhat vei khat tuah hi na zir dah maw?
2. Caan maw hnaquan a thupi deuh?
3. Minung lakah zo a thupi bik?
4. Caan hman thiam hi ziang thawn na qhim pei? Ziangtik lai caan so thupi bik?
**********************
44
10. COMPUTER THU
Computer timi cu electric tha hmang ih a cangvaitheimi, hna a quantheimi cet
lam thiamnak ihsin tuahmi cet lole thil pakhat a si. Cu mi ih a hnaquan cu cui’ thil
sungih program phunphun thunret, retciami program le thuhla pawl kha qha teih
tawlrel, tuatto qulmi tuatto, asilole cet tha ih hnaquandan pawl kha qha teih kilkhawi ti
pawl an si. San thar qong in kan ti a si le minung bomnak tel lo in amahte
tuattoawktheinak le program phunphun rettheinak dingih lam neimi thiamnak pakhat
a si.
Hi vek thiamnak hi BC 150 le 100 karlak hrawngah cet tha hmang ih thil
tuattonak fate an rak tuahmi ihsin hram a rak bunaw zo. Cu hnu, AD 10 le 70
hrawngah khal Alexandria khua ih Hero timi in minutes 10 tluk a cangvai ih hna a
quantheimi, hridai le khuang fatete pawl kalhaw reprep hman seh la a sangsang ih
cangvaihtermi cet a tuahsuak ve. Cu mi cet umdan hi tulai computer sungih cet
cangvaihdan le hnaquandan program an thuntheinak dingih lam hmuhtu hrampi a
rak si.
Cun, kum 1206 ih AI-Jazari ih tuahmi, tlunvan boruak ih thil umdan le
cangvaihdan hmuhfiangtu dingih a tuahmi nazi (castle clock) hi tui’ san ih kan hmanmi
computer pawl naihbikmi thil an rak tuahtheimi pakhat a si ve. Kum 1623 hrawngah
khal Europe ram ih cet lam thiamsang pawl in cet tha hmang ih amahte tuattotheinak
hna a quantheimi cet kha san man deuh in an run tuah lala.
Cule, Kum 1801 ah Joseph Jacçuad in cet tha in tuahmi thiambu a run tuahsuak.
Cumi cet thiambu a nuntheinak ding hrangih a tuahmi cet thilri cangvaihdan a
sangsang pawl khal hi san thar Computer a suahnak dingih bawmtu thiamnak a si
thotho. Hi ti in thiamnak a qhansovivo lai, kum 1837 ah Charles Babbage in cet tha
ring in mahte thil tuattothei ih hna a quantheimi, thuhla a phuphun le program tam
pi thunkhumtheimi cet thar a run tuahsuak ve lala. Hi hi hlan deuh ta hnakin san
thar ih hmanmi computer thawn a nai-awmi cet pakhat a si. Cu ti cun kum zabi 19
cem lam a rung thlen tikah san a man ih a qhasinsinmi computer pawl kum tin tein a
suak ringring.
Tuah ding:
1. Computer timi cu ziang a si?
2. Computer hi ziang tik kum hrawngah an rak tuahthok?
3. Zing tik kum ah Charles in computer a tuah?
4. Computer thu na theih zat sim aw.
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text:
Zeidah kan tuah
Consumer Affairs Victoria hi victoria ramkulh chung i thilcawtu pawl an ton mi harnak le hnahnawhnak paoh paoh tawlrel tu an si. Kan timhlamh mi cu Victoria khua mi pawl kha thil thei le, tuanvo le tinvo a hngal mi thilzuar le thilcawtu si ter ding hi a si.
Mah kan tuah khawh ding caah kan mah nih:
- Ramkulh acozah kha thilcawtu upadi le riantuannak lei pehtlai mi theihhngalh pawl kha chimh le ruahnak pek
- thilcawtu, inn hlang, theilzuar le inn ngei tu pawl hna i covo le tuanvo ngeih mi kong le upadi a thleng mi pawl cawnpiak le ruahnak pek.
- Rianhmun pawl le business pawl kha a cozah cazin ah khumh le tuan khawhnak nawl pek
- inn hlang le inn ngei, thilcawtu le thilzuartu lak i remnak ser.
- thilcawtu upadi zulnak ding fial tu le si ter tu.
Man lo in le a ho hmanh hnorsuan lo in theih hngalh le ruahnak pawl kha:
- inn remh le inn sak
- business tuan khawhnak nawl pek le zohkhenh
- business min pawl
- inn zuar le inn cawknak
- mibupi nih ngeih mi a si lo ah ser mi riantuannak
- tangka fund kawlnak
- acozah theih hngalh pi mi bu pawl
- hawile he komh in thiltuah ti mi pawl
- leiba tawlrelnak
- motor car pawl
- inn khan le apartment ngei tu hna nih an tuah ti mi bu
- thil mi pi caah a him mi a si maw
- inn hlannak
- kum tar u pa hna umnak hmunhma
- hlen phun phun
- thilzuarnak le dor tuahnak.
Rak kan pehtlai uh
1300 726 656
Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese speaking advisers)
Holh let riantuannak
131 450 kha ko law mirang holh in na holh kha chim. Mah hnu cun holh let tu kha 1300 55 81 81 kha kawh.
9:00 am to 5:00 pm, Monday to Friday (except for public holidays)
A tamdeuh ahcun

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
Home» Bezburua Committee» Delhi University» DoNER» NE CUltural Centre» NE Hostel Delhi» DoNER thuneitu hai inhmupui
DoNER thuneitu hai inhmupui
Hieng thu le inzom peiin thuneituhai chun thlakhat sungin Delhi khawpuia Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU)-ah NE Hostel bawlna ding lung phumna (foundation stone) nei dingin an rel a, Delhi University hnuoia Hindu College le Dayal Singh College a hai khom NE Hostel bawlna ding lung phumna thla sawtnawte sungin nei dingin an rel bok a nih.
Delhi-a NE inchuklai hai ta dinga hostel bawl pek ding bakah, kar khat sungin admission helpline siem dingin rel ani bawk. NE mi haiin harsatna an tuok hai inhrilhrietna le hma lakdan ding kong-ah thlatin NGO, inchuklai le khawtlang ṭhuoituhai hai leh inṭhungkhawm hlak dinga rel a ni bok a, DoNER hmalakna hnuoia Dwarka hmuna NE Cultural Centre bawl ding a ti sunzom lo chu bawzui nawk dinga ti ani bawk.
Blog, Updated at: 8:19 AM


text:
Mizoram-a Public Distribution System (PDS) kalpui mek chu mipui zawng zawng huama kalpui mek niin hemi atan hian thlakhat ah buhfai quintal 1,33,000 zel mamawh a ni a, hemi leina atan hian thlatin cheng vbc. 18.19 vel sorkar in a hmang \hin a ni.Kum 2013-2014 chhung khan Mizoram sorkar chuan APL te hnena sem turin Buhfai MT 2841, quintal khat Rs. 830/- zelin a lei a, BPL te hnena sem tur MT 1470 chu quintal khat Rs. 560/- a leiin, AAY te hnena sem tur MT 910 chu quintal khat Rs. 300/- zelin a lei a, heng baka mamawh belh chu open market sale scheme hnuaiah Mt 5000 lei belhin, hei hi quintal khat Rs. 1537.31 zela lei a ni a, MT 8000 dang chu Economic Cost hmangin quintal 1 Rs. 2200/- zelin a lei bawk. Kum 2012-2013 chhung khan Mizoram sorkar in mipuite ei tur buhfai lei nan Rs. 215,86,62,733/- a seng a. Hetah hian rate fixed anga hralhna hmuhlet tur zat chu Rs. 128,22,94,947/- a ni a. Hemi hun chhunga mipuiten man tlawm zawka buhfai ration an lak theih nana sorkar sen belh zat, a subsidized-na chu Rs. 87,63,67,786/- a ni. Main route buhfai phurhna senso zawng zawng Rs. 13,57,72,204/- nena subsidized na belhkhawm phei chuan hemi hun chhung hian sorkarin mipui tan Rs. 101,21,39,990/- zet subsidized nan a hmang ral a, hemi ang hian thla tina chhutin Rs. 8,43,44,999/- vel zel a sen sak tihna a ni.
Popular News
Tunlai hian PAN CARD hi a lar hle a, a awmzia hria tam tak kan awm laiin a awmzia hre mumal mang lova neih a \ha an tih vanga siamtir ve ta ngawt lah tam tak an awm. A bik takin Taxation Department lam ten dawrkai te tan siam ngei ngei tur tiha thuchhuah an siam tak atang phei hi chuan he thil hi engemaw a awmzia le tih hi kan khawlai ti ti a ni ta fo mai. Chuvang chuan a kalphung leh a awmzia hi theih ang angin hrilhfiah i lo tum dawn teh ang.
MBSE in HSLC Exam result nimin-a a tihchhuah ah Marian H/S Serchhip-a zirlai in pakhatna hauh
Mizoram Board of School Education (MBSE) chuan nimin khan kum 2017 High School Leaving Certificate (HSLC) Exam result tichhuakin Marian High School Serchhhip-a zirlai, Laldintluanga s/o C. Lalengthanga, Serchhip Chhim Veng chu Mizoram pumah pakhatna a ni.
Committee peng din thar
Serchhip Sub-Hqrs. YMA hruaitu thlanna neih a nih hnuah Committee peng hrang hrang din thar an ni leh ta a,
Tun thla tawp lamah Scholarship pekchhuah hman beisei a ni
Nimin khan MZP General Hqrs. hruaitute leh Mizoram Scholarship Board Secretary, JH. Zoremthanga te chuan Mizoram Scholarship Board Office-ah inkawmna neiin Zirlaite Scholarship chungchang sawihona neih a ni.
CADC-ah sawrkar tur chianglo
Chakma Autonomous District Council-ah pawl pahnih BJP leh Congress \angdun leh MNF in Sawrkar an siam theih thu an thlen avangin sawrkar siam tur hi Floor Test hmanga thlan a ngai dawn nia hriat a ni.
Serchhip-ah Crime Review Meeting neih a ni
Nikum aiin kumin ah thubuai ziahluh a pung nasa
Serchhip District chhungah nikum (2017) kumtir thla li (4) chhung aiin kumin (2018) kumtir thla li (4) chhungin thubuai ziahluh nasa takin a pung a, nikum January - April chhungin thubuai 64 ziahluh a nih laiin kumin a hemi chhung hian thubuai 81 zet ziahluh a ni.
Serchhip District chhungah nikum (2017) kumtir thla li (4) chhung aiin kumin (2018) kumtir thla li (4) chhungin thubuai ziahluh nasa takin a pung a, nikum January - April chhungin thubuai 64 ziahluh a nih laiin kumin a hemi chhung hian thubuai 81 zet ziahluh a ni.
Sports Incentive Cash Award sem
Sports Minister, Zodintluanga chuan nimin khan Mizoram infiammi, rampawn leh ram chhunga medal la te hnenah Incentive Cash Award a sem.
CM hovin Mizoram State Biodiversity Board \hukhawm
Mizoram State Biodiversity Board chu nimin khan an Chairman, Chief Minister Lal Thanhawla hovin CM's Cabinet Meeting Room-ah an \hu-khawm.
VAIHLO LEH NU HRISELNA
New Pension Scheme chungchang zirhona Aizawl-ah neih a ni.
Mizoram sorkar-a Finance Department leh NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited, Mumbai \angkawpin an buatsaih, nikhat awh New Pension Scheme chungchang zirhona “Workshop on New Pension Scheme” chu Tourist Lodge, Chaltlang-ah neih a ni.


text:
11.8.2008 (Thawhtanni)
Lemziak Inelna
Art & Culture Deptt. buatsaihin Inrinni khan Primary School II ah lem ziak inelna neih a ni ta a, hetah hian Clas X hnuai lam zirlai, sikul hrang hrang a mi 64 an tel.
Circle Order Pe
Champhaia PHE Circle Office hawnna tura Sorkar Order chhuak thar Copy chu Inrinni khan NGO hruaitute hnenah hlan a ni. SE Office thar hi CHANEM buildinga dah a rem em tih rawn thli thlaiin Er. Lalhmachhuana SE Champhaiah a lokal. Hetihlai hian Champhai NGO hruaitute chuan Champhaia District Session Judge an awm ve theihna turin hma an la mek a, Guwahti High Court thuneitute hnenah leh Mizoram sorkar hotu te hnenah an dilna a pui tlin thuai theihna tura hma la turin an ngen a, he thu bawhzui tur hi Aizawlah palai an indah mek bawk.
Top Ten-ah Tling
Zoawi Lelte, Sumeon Zaithanpuia chu Skylinks in an buatsaih Zo Star inelna neih mekah Top 10 ah tling chho.Zaia hi intihsiakna a tel zingah a zai tha ber ber a ni phak a, endiktute pawhin an Comment tha thin hle. Nl.Lalrinchhungi erawh engemaw vang mai mai in a tling lo tih thu kan dawng a, endiktu 3 te chuan tlingah an pawm laiin khawimaw lai kil atangin an hnawl niin thu kan dawng. Zo Star Top 10 te hi Mizoram District khawpui hrang hrang fanpui an tum a, Cham phaiah lo dawngsawngtu tur an la awm remchang thei lo a ni
Report Turin Hriattir
Tukin zingkar hian CHA-NEM Complex ah CDVA Silver Jubilee hriatreng na Lung chu tundin a ni ang a, naktip, Nilai chaw hma dar 10:00 ah Pu H. Lalchhuanawma DLAO in Lungphun hi a hawng ang.Lungphun tur hi Pu B.Remmawia JCB hmangin tundin a ni ang.
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12.8.2008 (Thawhlehni)
Seminar Nei Dawn
Vawiin atanga Aug.14 thlengin Human Rights Commission in Champhai
Vengsang YMA Hall ah seminar a buatsaih dawn a, he huna tel tur hian Sub-Hqrs. YMA thut hmuna Branch tin President theuhte tel ngei tura hriattir an ni.
Training Hun Sawn
Vawiin leh naktuk a Champhai Block huam chhunga P/S zirtirtute tan SSA Training Hall-ah Refresher Course Training neihtura lo tih tawh chu remchan zawkna avangin August 19-20 a neih turin sawn hlat a ni e.
Town Br. Comtt.
Vawiin chawhma dar 11:00 atanga tanin Sub-Hqrs. YMA Office ah Champhai Town Branch YMA Comtt. neih a ni dawn a,an thu rel tur zingah Town Br. YMA kal zel dan tur a tel a, he Comtt. ah hian Town Branch YMA O/B te tel vek tura beisei an ni.
Tanpuina Lo Thleng
Canada rama Faser Valley Gleaners-in Vegetable Mixed Soup an rawn thawn chu District 4-a sem atan a niin nimin khan Champhai District a sem darh tur bur 100 chu Champhaia Sub-Hqrs. YMA hruaitute hnenah a lo thleng a, August ni 26 a Coordination Committee neih hunah a dawngtu turte thlan fel a ni ang.
IR Tur Thawn
5th I.R.Bn. tur a Intlar, tehfung chi hrang hrang paltlang ta mi 367 te hming chu Champhai S.P.Office atangin Hqrs. ah thawn thlak a ni ta. Champhai District ah hian mi 107 lak an ni ang.
Fimkhur Turin Chah
Sub-Hqrs. YMA chuan Branch tinte chu Pem lehkha pekchhuah leh lo dawnsawn chungchang ah fimkhur taka thil ti thin turin a chah a, Pem leh kha pek thuah kaih hruai na awmte ngai pawi mawh theuh turin an hrilh.
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13.8.2008 (Nilaini)
Jubilee Lungphun
Vawiin chawhma dar 10 hian Champhai District Volleyball Association chuan kum 25 (Silver Jubilee) an tlin hriatreng na lungphun CHANEM bula an phun chu Pu H.Lalchhuanawma DLAO a hawng dawn.
T.T Competition
Champhai District Table Tennis Association buat saih District Ranking Tournament chu vawiin chawhnu dar 3:00 hian Venglai Community Hall ah khelh tan a ni dawn a, chhun dar 12 thleng tel tumte tan OB te hnenah Entry Fee pek theih a ni e
Convener Ruat Fel
Nimin khan Pu Kalkhama In Vengthlangah ZKP, ZNP leh MPC hruaitute chu an thawhho dan tur chung changah a vawikhatna atan an inhmukhawm a. Pawl hrang hrang hruaitu kalkhawmte hian United Democratic Alliance (UDA) alo piang chu lawmawm an tih thu sawiin UDA-ah hian Zoram mipui intodelhna a pian chhuah ngei an beisei thu an sawi bawk. Hruaitu kalkhawmte chuan Convener atan heng mite hi an ruat nghal-R.Deng-kunga, President ZKP, Champhai Dist., C.Thang zama President ZNP Champhai North Block, F.Roliana,Vice President MPC South Block, C.Lal biakchhuanga, ZNP Champhai North leh Lal thangliana, Vice President, MPC Champhai North Block te an ni.
I-Day Chess
Vawiin chawhma dar 11 atang hian Venglai Community Hall-ah Champhai Dist. Chess Association buatsaihin Independence Day Chess Tournament khelh tan a ni dawn a, Pu Lalnunmawia Vice President Champhai District Sports Committee khual lian a ni ang.
Interview Nei Ta
Nimin atang khan DEO Office Chamber-ah Hindi zirtirtu tur atana personal inreview neih tan a ni.
============================================================
14.8.2008 (Ningani)
Lo Thleng Ang
Naktuka Champhaia I-Day Chhangphut Field-a hmanna tura khuallian tur H&TE Minister Dr.Lalzama chuan vawiin tlai dar 4:00 bawr hian Tourist Lodge alo thleng ang.
Chess Zo Fel Ang
Nimin Chawhma dar 11:00 khan Venglai Community Hall ah Independence Day Chess Tournament khelh tan a ni a, he competition hi Pu Lalnun mawia, Vice President, Champhai Dist. Sports COmmittee in a hawng. He inelna hi vawiinah chhunzawmin zawhfel theih beisei a ni.
NGO Kokhawm
Nimin khan Venglai Community Hall ah Champhai NGO hruaitute leh Restaurant & Tea Stall neitu te an thukhawm a, he hunah hian kohhran hruai tute pawh sawm an nih angin an kal tha hle a, Tea Stall neitute erawh an kal tha lo hle thung.Dan ang thlapa Gas Connection pekchhuah a nih theihna turin Tea Stall & Restaurant neitute leh NGO hruaitute bakah LPG thu neitute inhmuhkhawm leh nise an ti.
Vuiliam A Ni
Pu Rokunga(80) New Champhai chu nimin zing dar 2:00 vel khan thisen sang vangin an mahni chenna In ah a boral a, nimin vek khan New Champhai thlanmual ah vuiliam a ni
Zirtirtu Interview
SSA Mission, Champhai District hnuaia Upgraded Upper Primary School zirtirtu hna diltute Personal Interview chu neih zui zel a ni a. Vawiin hian Serial No. 281 chin chunglam zawng tan interview hi neih zui leh a ni ang a vawiin hian zawhfel theih beisei a ni.
Science Congress
Vawiin chawhma dar 10:00 atang hian Cham phai District Teacher Orientation Workshop for Children Science Congress chu DSYO Meeting Hall, CHANEM-ah neih a ni dawn a. He workshop-ah hian M/S leh H/S tin atangin Science Teacher pakhat theuh kal tur a ni.
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16.8.2008 (Inrinni)
Tlangsam 1-na
Beautification of Cham-phai Town Comtt. hnuaia thingphun inelna chu nimin khan I-Day lawmna inkhawmah result puan niin lawmman sem nghal a ni a:-1.Tlangsam Br. YMA 2.Ruantlang Br. 3. Mualveng Br. te niin hma la tha leh enkawl uluk consolation prize dawng te chu GMHSS NSS. Vengthlang Br., HHTha Br.YMA, Venglai Br., Be-thel Br leh MUP te an ni.
Joint Meeting
Vawiin chawhma dar 10 hian ZNP South Block leh North Block hruaitute chuan Pu C.Thangzama In Bethel Vengah Joint Meeting an nei dawn a. Hetah hian mithar lawm luhna hun tur leh Joint Block din chungchang an ngaihtuahho dawn a ni.
Scholarship Exam
Vawiin chawhma dar 10:00 hian District dang te rual Champhaiah pawh Govt. GM HSS Champhai-ah National Means Scholarship cum Merit Scholarship Exam, 2008 neih a ni dawn a. He exam hi Class IX tana buatsaih niin, a ti tha zual thlan chhuah ten Aizawl ah State Level exam an nei leh dawn a, hemi hnu hian national level exam neih zui leh a ni ang. Zirlai talent nei tha leh beisei awm zual a tam thei ang berin he exam hi neih theih a duhawm hle.
Jail-ah I-Day
Champhai District Jail tang mekte leh MZI tangrualin vawiin hian Jail ah Independence Day 2008 lawmna hun hman a ni dawn a, DC Pu T.V.Fambawl chu khual lian a ni ang a, Jail tang ten kawng hrang hranga intihsiakna an neih lawm mante chu DC nupui Pi Nihluani'n a sem ang a, chawhnu lamah zai leh lama intihlimna hun hmang in tlaiah lawmna ruai an kilho ang.Vawiin Jail tang te senso tur sum hi DC in a pe a ni


text:
A pa u fanu piancham lawmin Tlawng-ah an kal a, chutah chuan tuihleuh pawh thiam lo he tleirawl hian tuitla a chhanchhuak a ni.
Pawl 12 result nghak lai Pauline Lalrindiki hian a thil tih hi mak han tih vakna pawh a nei lo a, thil ropui ni pawhin a hre lem lo. Mahse, tun hnua a'n ngaihtuah let hi chuan a hlau leh hnuhnawh deuh!
Tuihleuh thiam loin tuitla a chhanchhuah ni hi March ni 11 kha a ni a, Tlawng luiah birthday lawmin, Bawngpusuarah tleirawl rualte chu an cheng a ni. Pauline-i chu bladder-ah a chuang a, chutia thlamuang taka a awm laia a thawm hriat chuan a beng a verh ta zar mai.
A'n ngaithla chiang a, tuitla mangang thawm a ni. Pauline-i chuan a hrethiam nghal a, bladder-a chuang chung chuan thawm awmna lam chu a pan ta a ni. Chutia li thuk lam pana bladder hmanga a inkhalh lai chuan vaukam atang chuan a thiante'n an lo au vawn vawn a, tuihleuh a thiam si lo a, a tla mai ang tih an hlau a ni.
Pauline-i chuan a thiante kohna pawh ngaithla lovin thawm awmna lam chu a pan zel a, a thleng phei ta. Engtin nge bladder hmangin a inkhalh thlen tih pawh a hre lo.
A tih ngaihna hre lo chuan "khawnge i awm?" te a'n ti ngawt a, mahse, chhangtu an awm lo. Mahse, a beidawng duh chuang lo, bladder-a inkuahnghet sauh sauh chung chuan a ke chu tui chhungah chuan a chhek ta vak vak mai a, 'khawiah nge i awm?" a ti tuar tuar bawk.
Nakinah chuan tui chhunga a malpui ding lam chu thil engemaw ni hian a rawn nawk fuh a, a'n dap nghal a, mihring a lo ni. Chu veleh mihring chu chhan tumin a bei nghal a, eng tin tin emaw hian a khabe velah a zu dap fuh ta hlauh mai. Nghet takin a kuah a, a hnukchhuak ta a ni.
A chuanna bladder-ah chuan a dah a, a chau hle. Balu laa thawkchhuak - taikuang lawng a lo thleng hlauh a, anni chuan an pui ta a ni. A hriat loh karah vaukam an thleng ta.
Vanduaina tawktu hi Durtlang tlangval, Lalrinawma a ni a, blanket su-a kal an ni. Khatia tuia a tlak khan thi turah a indah hman a, a nuin a tawrh dan tur te pawh a ngaihtuah hman. Vaukam an hruai thlen pawhin a hmui te pawh a duk vek tawh.
A tlakna li hi thuk thut thut a ni a, a tira a chenna leh a tlakna lai hi a inthuk hleih hle.
"Mangang deuha au ri kha ka hria a, chumi lam pan chuan ka kal ve tawp. Ka tla ve thei tih pawh ka ngaihtuah lo reng reng, mangang an awm tih ka hriat khan ka pan ve tawp mai a ni," tiin Pauline-i chuan a sawi.
Bladder-a chuang chungin li thuk lam a pan a, chutah chuan chhan ngai a zawng ta a ni. Bladder-ah chuang mah se a awmna hi tui thiam lo tan chuan a hlauhawm hle a, bladder-a inham tang chung chuan tui chhungah chuan a ke a chhek ta bawrh bawrh mai a ni. Tichuan, tui chhung atang chuan a lachhuak a, bladder-ah chuan a inham tanpui ta a, chumi hnuah midang nen innangin an rawn pui ta a ni.
"Ka hah lutuk a, ka khur vel," tiin an inchhan laia a awm dan a sawi a, mahse, hlauhna lam a ngaihtuah hman lo niin a sawi.
A hnu-ah hian a ngaihtuah letin a hlau leh hnuhnawh deuh; "A hlauhawm ve lutuk, an sawi an sawi a..." tiin Zozam Weekly a hrilh.
Pauline-i hi John Lalhruaitluanga fanu, Kulikawn-a mi a ni a, minister hlui F Lawmkima tunu a ni.


text:
Tun lai rualthar nih Thangthar hei chun, ei hawi phak ta naw mai thiam. Darlong Kristian Golden Jubilee ha 23rd January 1969 a Darchawi khua a, Darlong Hnam zongzong lunginrual feka ihmang a chang. Ma lai in mani tonga Lalpa inpaka Hla loi sak awi dopdop thin hmansiala, mani tonga ipakna hla la nei loi Hnam Darlong ei chang.
Golden Jubilee hmang zawi chun, Koihran mipui lai nih Hnam laia, nansa fekan Pathian in sin athaw tan a, Mipui hei rawl isuak tan chu "MANI TONGA PATHIAN INPAK" ti hi a chang. Pathian inpakna ahin loi hlim in loi lawm fe thin hmansiala, mani tong ngei a Lalpa inpak an chang naw lei in, an loi tui zawi tak tak thin nawh. Ma laia Darlong phaia kristian hla phua hmasa chem; Pu. Ngurkunga(1963) aloi changa, changhomsiala, a hla phua chun, adum zawi chel tak naw lei in, Koihran inkhawmpui lian (KBCA) 1970 vel chun, thu ngaituana a nei tan ta chang. Ma athu ngaituana chu, Darlong tong ngeia Pathian inpakna hla isiam. Kachun, ma thu ngaitua achang lai mek chun, rivana tanga MANA hong tul angka mai in, tuipui ral tianga unai New Zealand hei atang chun, Darlong tong ngei a Hlabu buatsaina ding sum chu tangpui dingin thu ahong thlung ta a chang. Lalpa chu inpak in om rise.
Kachun, Koihran executive chun, mani tonga hlabu nei chu a ngaipoimaw fe lei in, Koihran inkhawmpui liana athurel chu inbaw zui in, Hlabu buatsaitu pawl aruat ta a chang. Changhomsiala, ma laia, Hlabu siamtu pawl aruat dan hi ahuhoia inthung khawma siam ding ti a chang lei in, ti angkan aloi kal hram thiam tak naw lei in, Executive committee chun, Pu. Late T Hratthuamliana Darlong, Lamkhuang, kuta mophurna chu inhlan aloi chang ta zawk. Ma taka tang chun, Pu Hratthuamliana chun, mophurna chu adar a inbat in, asun azan base ta loi in, Mizo Kristian Hlabu atanga ila khawm in, amal te te in mani kut ngei in lekha puan a chun anzia tan ta a chang. Ma a kut ngeia a inzia hei chu, Pu. Late Johana Darlong, Darchawi, in khawl in aloi sut ve a, Ka chun, Tirkoi Pu Thuamliana Darlong, malaia Music Committee a Convener loi chang ve chun nansa fekan aloi tangpui ve. Kachun, Darlong tong dik taka, mi tong atanga hang inlet nawk chu harsa fe ti pum in, Darlong Hnam mani tong ngeia Lalpa inpak thiam tan dingin 12th 1975 han HRIAM KRISTIAN HLABU ti a in zawi in 1976 han tlangzar a chang.
Sources:
1. Darlong Kristian Golden Jubilee Souvenir
2. Darlong Phai Dairy (By Late Pu Siamkunga)
3. Hriam Kristian Hlabu (Publised by TBCU 1976)