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(“Inthlak danglam a hun tah, Indin thar nawk dingin” ti thupui hi hmanga, Prof. Dr. Laldena Intoate thuzieka inthawka sungril ngaituona luongliem)
"Kei hi Alfa le Omega a bul le a tawp ka nih" ti ziek ang elin, Hmarram/Tipaimukh hi khawvela ram rethei tak a ni theina lai a um a. Chuongang bawkin khawvel rambung laia changkang tak chu, United State of America (USA) hi a nih. South East Asia rama hin B.C. 250 hun laia hnamkhat tawngkhat hmang, Sinlung suok ‘Tibeto-Burman’ tia kohai hi politics taka sui chun, tobulah, hnamah le ram hmasawnna kawnga khawm nisien, chieng lo le buorchuor tawpkhawk eini laizing, Hmar a khawm Hmar tawng ‘IE-MA-NA’ hmanghai hin MLA biel him pakhat chie ei nei a; chuchu Tipaimukh biel/Hmarram hi a nih a. Hi biel/ram/Hmar chungchang le Tuipuiral hnam Mingo/Sap hnam chungchang hi ngunthluk taka sui chun, Pathien tawngkam, a bula zieklang khin ei thupui khi a thursuok naw theinaw a nih.
Hmarram/Tipaimukh biel hi Manipur MLA biel 60 um laia hnufuol tak le, Manipur khawpui tak Imphala inthawka kar hla tak nisienkhawm, hi biel sung le Tuipuiral inkungkeina hin mihriem ngaituona chu a sukvet takzet a; chungtieng ngaituona intrawmpui theitu ta ding ruok chun, beiseina thahrui mihriema inthawka nei theilo chu an neitir thei a nih.
Remruotna danglam:
1. Senvon khuoa pienga Phulpui khuoa seilienin khawvel pumpui huop pawl, Zohnathlak sung el cho ni lo, Sinlung suok Tibeto-Burman laia inthawk ngeia khawm la um lo, Asia rambunga khawm vangkhatte 'Bible For the World' ti chu, Pu Rochung Pudaite chun indinin, khawvel rambung changkang tak, USA ngei chu hmunpui /headquarters-a ahei hmang elna dam.
2. Kohran chawm le enkawl nuom loa Pathien rawngbawl dinga inpe chu, nunghak pakhat, Emily Davies ti hmingput chun, ama mimal tulnaa hmang dinga pound 5 a thawn tawt tawt khawm chu hmang nuom loa, Chanchinthabumal inchawknaa hmanga, Aizawl le a sevela khawtin lalhai chu thawn dartu, khawvel hnam laia changkang pawl tak, Welsh tlangval Watkin R Robert chu Senvon khua a lut el dan kher kher dam.
3. Aizawl le asevelah khang zozai lal um zing si laia, Senvon khaw lal, Pu Kamkhawlun choin, “Pu, kan kuomah hung la, hi lekhabu chanchin hi nang ngeiin mi hung hril rawh” tia, a lekhabu ngei kawma chun zieka a thawntupa tlangval Watkin R Robert ngei chu a hei thawnkir nawk kher kher elhai dama inthawk hin, Tipaimukh biel hi Pathienin umzie neia an din a ni zie le, tuta ngirhmun hnuoihnung tawpkhawka a ngirnaah hin an ngirtir zing naw ding a nih, tia sungril inthûk taka beiseina nei theitu chu, mi vangnei le hamthra a ni ngei ding a nih.
Hmar hnam revolutionary movement kum 27 a tlingna kum le, Hmar hnam revolutionary party in state sorkar pakhat le political accord a ziekna kum 22 an voi kuma ngei hin, Hmar /Sinlung politics chu hmintruo taktein a hmintruo ta a; ram le hnam chungthu invawinawtu tak le piengphunga ruol ban lo hai khawma, Sura Pielte lo tum ang elin, umhmunkungah an nahai sita, an mithai inlena, an bau kaa an lo daw ringawt khawma, a ri mawi zie van angel rawl ang, a hmelhmang mawi zie Eden huon sie-le-tha hrietna theira ang, a thlum dan le a hâng dan hlak, Kanan ram khuoizu le bawngnenetui ang elhai chu hrein, hmuin fain an dawn ve thei ta ding ani leiin, nghatna tieng tieng Hmar/Sinlung politics chu a hminin a hmin têrtûor el tah a nih.
Chuleiin, kum 2016 June 22 ni kher khera, Hmar tawng, "IE-MA-NA" hmangtulaia Doctorate degree (Ph. D) la hmasatak, Pu Dr. Laldena Intoate ngeiin, Tipaimukh biel chungthu anvawi zie a khêksuokpui thuziek ka tiem ve hlau el chu, en liem el ka hei tum dea chuh an thei ngang naw leiin, "Ka hmangai tak, ka ngai kha in lo hmu chun Hmangainain ka na a nih ti lo hril ro" ti hla angin, Hmar le a ram chu hmangainaa na a; an hmangainathu inzawt el dittawk loa mani hringna hiel inhlantuhai purdo chu, bang zai reng rel ta ngai lo dinghai lairil piengken, pangngai hrim aw ta lo ding chu tlâwmte bek damin a hnem elrawi mawh, tiin ei tulai politics boruok rilmu phawrsuok malamin, ‘HMARRAM VS AMERICA’ ti thupui hmang hin ka hun chu ka lo khawral ve ta a nih.


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FA Cup champion lai Arsenal chu Championship club Nottingham Forest 4-2 a hneh loin third round paltlang zo loin an tla. Arsene Wenger-a nauten tun hnai kum nga chhunga vawi li champion thei nih an tumna chu City Ground-ah tih tawpin a awm.
Premier League team ṭha paruk zingah Arsenal chiah hi third round paltlang zo lo awmchhun an ni a, Chelsea chuan replay khelh an ngai thung. Nizan khan fourth round inkhel tur pawh a ni a, he thu buatsaih lai hian kan hre hman lo.
Penalty vawi hnih
Pathianni zan inkhelah mualneitu lam tan Eric Lichaj-a’n hnai tak aṭanga tauh lutin mikhual team a barakhaih. Arsenal-in captain Per Mertesacker hmangin sut ve mah se chawlhlawk hma chiahin Lichaj bawkin a team hma a hruai pui.
Manager lailawk Gary Brazil kaihhruaina hnuaia khel Nottingham bawkin second half-ah penalty aṭangin an goal thumna an khung a, striker Danny Welbeck-a’n khung ve bawk mah se hun tawp hma deuhin Kieran Dowell chuan penalty aṭang bawkin goal a khung leh.
FA Cup champion hnem ber Arsenal (13 titles) hi kum 1996 hnua a vawi khat nan third round paltlang zo loin an tla a, vawi sarih a champion tawhna tournament-ah Arsene Wenger a mualpho. Premier League club lian dang Chelsea leh Liverpool ten FA Cup nomawi an chawi zat leh Wenger-a’n Gunners a hawhtlinpuina hi a inzat.
Arsenal an zuih
Tun hnai an match hnuhnung pahnihah Arsenal hian penalty an chawi ve ve a, manager Arsene Wenger-a’n referee a sawisel avangin Football Association chuan match thum chhung a naute enkawl thei loin an hrem.
Gunners manager Wenger hian Nilaini zana Chelsea nen League Cup semifinal an khelh tur hre ranin a player a siksawi, league match-a Blues nen an inhnehtawk ṭuma player pakua ngawt a awltir.
Mertesacker leh Welbeck te goal khung zanah an tlarhnung a pawp a, Nottingham Forest lamin ball chang tlem zawk mah se goal khung tumin vawi 12 an pet thei, heng zinga pakua chu goal zawnah a kal thei. Arsenal hian goal zawnah vawi li chiah an pet theih bakah an vanduaina belhchhah turin penalty vawi hnih an chawi bawk.
Arsenal manager Wenger chuan, “Mipui ṭhutna aṭanga mahni team chak lo lai thlir chu thil hrehawm tak a ni. Forest team kha an khel ṭha hle a, an huaisenin an thil tumah an chiang bawk, khatiang team hneh kha chu a harsa a ni” a ti. Wenger hian player thlan chungchang chu an chak lo ṭuma sawiselna an tawh ṭhin pangngai a nih thu leh, goal an chhuah dana an tihsual ang kha match dangah chuan thleng nawn tawh lo se a duh thu a sawi bawk.
Brazil-a hnuaia harhna
Nottingham Forest hian kartawpa Sunderland chu si khat faia an hneh loh hnuah an manager Mark Warburton an ban. Table-ah 14-na niin, an league match hnuhnung pasarih aṭanga vawi khat chiah an chak theih avangin Warburton chungah rinna an nghat zui ngam tawh lo a ni.
Academy manager Brazil-a’n team enkawl hna a thawk lailawk a, Thawhṭanni khan Leeds United nen goal awm loa an inhnehtawk hnuah Arsenal lakah fiahna hautak an hmachhawn zui. FA Cup vawi hnih champion tawh Forest hi goal hmaah an hlauhawm a, minute 90 chhungin ball chang tlem zawk mah se an thawkrimin chak zawk nih phu khawpin an khel.
Forest manager lailawk Gary Brazil chuan, “A nihna tak thlir chuan kan player an inthlau a, mahse hnehna kan chang thei a ni tih chu ka infuihna a ni. Kan club tan chuan chanchin lawmawm inziah belhna ni, ka hmuh dan hi a sir deuh a ni mai thei, kei chuan chak kan phu zawk hleah ka ngai,” tiin Arsenal aia an khelh ṭhat thu a sawi.
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Home» NE Community Delhi» NE MPs» Delhi-a India hmarsak mi ha’n MP thar hai lawmpui ding
Delhi-a India hmarsak mi ha’n MP thar hai lawmpui ding
Hi lawmpuina huna hin India hmarsak biela MP thar hai bakah Delhi-a mi poimaw tak tak hai khom an ṭhang beisei a nih.
MP tling thar hai lawmpuina hun hi NE Community Delhi hming chawia huoihot a ni a, NE mi Delhi-a cheng rimawi rem thiem le hlasak thiem tam tak khom fiel an ni a; ei Hmar hlasak thiem Roselyn Hmar khomin hla sak a ta, HCFD Choir hai khomin hlapawl rem bok an tih.
Programme nei zo-ah ruoi kiltlang ning a ta; voksa, arsa, iromba le NE hme chi dang dang khom siem ning a tih.
Blog, Updated at: 1:47 AM


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American singer Justin Timberlake chuan Man of the Woods album hmangin Billboard 200 Album Chart-ah pakhatna a hauh a, No. 1 ni thei album pali a neihna a ni ta. Man of the Woods album hi kar liam ta chhung khan US-ah ringawt copy 293,000 hralh chhuah a ni.
Timberlake hian album panga a tichhuak tawh a, a thar ber Man of the Woods hi February 2 khan tlangzarh a ni. He album hi Taylor Swift album 'Reputation' tih chhuah hnua, album chhuak leh zinga kar khat chhunga hralh kal ber a ni. Swift hian nikum November thla khan Reputation hi a tichhuak a, US-ah ringawt pawh copy maktaduai 1.24 vel zet hralh chhuah a ni.
Timberlake hian record duhawm tak a nei mek a, a album tihchhuah tawhte hi Billboard chart-ah dinhmun sang tak an luah phak vek a ni. Man of the Woods hma hian October 2013 khan 'The 20/20 Experience' a tlangzarh a, hei pawh hi chart-ah pakhatna a ni. Kum 2006-a tichhuah FutureSex/LoveSounds tih loh a dang zawng chuan tlangzarh karah pakhatna an hauh phak vek a ni.
Tun ṭum chart-ah hian Migos album 'Culture' chu hralh kal ber dawttu niin, copy 88,000 hralh a ni. Hun eng emaw chen pakhatna lo ni tawh The Greatest Showman : The soundtrack chu pathumnaah awmin, copy 81,000 lai hralh chhuah a la ni. Hetih rual hian a tlak hniamna hi 15% a tling a, a hralh kal zualpui a reh ṭan niin a lang. Ed Sheeran album hit Divide chu hralh a la kal zui zel a, Grammy Award-a che ṭha tak Bruno Mars pawhin a album '24K Magic' a hlawhtlinpui zui zel. Top 10-ah hian Post Malone, Kendrick Lamar, Camila Cabello leh Lil Uzi Vert-te pawh an lang a ni.


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¢ Rev Zairema
Kum 1946-47 vêl kha chuan Synod chu Good Friday hian kan chawl thin a. Amaherawhchu, thâl lai a ni bawk a, tui a tlêm a; Mission Vêng Upa hote nen Tlawngah sangha vuain kan chhuk dal dal thin a ni. Thingtlângah te pawh Good Friday-a vaimim tuh chu a tha bîk te an ti a. Tûnah erawh chuan hei, Kohhran tinah Good Friday hi urhsun takin kan hmang ta a. Thingtlângah pawh an hmang ta vek niin ka hria a, a lawmawm hle. Good Friday chanchin Isua thih tur chungchâng vawiin hi kan ngaihthlâk ni tur a ni a. Kan Chairman khân a chhiar nual tawh a. Kha lampang kha chu ka sawi tawh lo mai ang a, thu thlante pawh a awm a. Ram puma hman tur ni mah se chûngte pawh chu ka sawi lo ang a. Kraws nuna ka tawh thu ka han share duh che u a ni a. Chu lamah chuan ka kalpui dâwn che u a ni.
Vawi khat hemi Biak Inah ngei hian Beihrual laiin kan thupui chu Kraws a ni a. Chutah chuan Chairman ka ni hlauh mai a. Sawi hona hun a lo thleng a. Kan Kraws kan tawn dan i sawi teh ang u ka ti a. Kan sawi tliar tliar a. Amaherawhchu mi dang tawn dan deuh hlir kha kan sawi ta a. Mahni tawn dan hi sawi a harsa a ni awm a. A zah te pawh a zahthlâk deuh a ni awm e. Mahse langin tûkin hian ka tawn dan thenkhat kawng thum chauh han sawi ka duh a. Kan share duh che u a ni.
A hmasa ber chu Assam ramah hemi NCCI (National Christian Council of India) hi Inkhâwmpui awm hmasak ber tum khân Shillong-ah kan nei a, chutah mikhual inkhâwm lawmnaah chuan Baptist Missionary Dr. F.S. Downs-a, hemi Assam ram Kristian Kohhran chanchin ziaktu, chu mi nupui zaithiam tak mai hi a lo ni a, hla a saktîr a, chumi a hla sak chu Negro hla a ni a, hei hi han sak ve pawh ka duh tehlul nen, mahse ka sa ngam si lo a, a sawiin ka sawi mai ang a:
Were you there when they crucified my Lord?
Were you there when they crucified my Lord?
Oh! It makes me to tremble, tremble, tremble!
Mizo tawngin hetiang deuh hlek hi a ni awm e:-
Ka Lalpa an khenbehnaah khân i tel ve em?
Ka Lalpa an khenbehnaah khân i tel ve em?
Chu chuan min tikhûr thin, khûr thin, khûr thin.
‘Kei hi a ni maw Lalpa khêngbettu che’ tiin Negro pa chuan Kraws chu a hmu a ni. Chumi zan chuan chu nu hla sak chuan Kraws min hmuhtîr ve a. ‘Kei hi a ni maw Lalpa khêngbettu che?’ tiin. Hebrai ziaktu chuan Thlarau Thianghlim changa hlim taka Pathian thilpêkte dawng tawh hnu an tlûk leh chuan Pathian Fapa chu an khêngbet nawn leh a ni a ti ve bawk a, Pathian Fapa chu an khêngbet nawn leh a ni.
He thil hi mak tak mai a ni a, khawvêl sualin Isua chu a khêngbet a ni kan ti a. Khawvêl sual chu kan dem viau mai a, amaherawhchu kei hian a ni tih chu harsa kan ti deuh vek awm e. Mi dang sual ai chuan kei chu ka tha deuh alâwm tih te, chutiangte chu kan rilru kal hmang a ni awm e. Amaherawhchu, thil pakhat chiang êm êm chu hei hi a ni a. Ka thenawmpain ka chungah thil a tihsual chuan, ngaihdam mi rawn dil chuan ka ngaidam tur a ni a, ngaidam awm pawh ka ni. Amaherawhchu, chu ka thenawmpa chuan a thenawmpa hnênah thil a tihsual chuan keiina lo va ngaihdam ngawt thu a awm lo a. Pathian ngaihdamna pawh hi a chungah thil ka tisual tih ka inhmuh chhuah hma chuan ngaihdamna hi a lo thleng lêm lo a. Josefa chuan a piin a thlem lai khân ‘Pathian lakah hetiang thil sualte hi engtin nge ka tih theih ang?’ a ti a ni. Pathian lakah sual kan ti thin a ni a. Chumi kan inhriat chhuah chuan ngaihdamna hi a lo thleng thei thin a ni. Tawi tê tein han sawi ila.
A pahnihna chu ram buai lai khân a nia. A hmingah ‘Kraws kawng khawharthlâkzia’ vuah mai ila. Keini mâwl tê tê Pu Sawiluaia, Pu Ngûrauva nen kan pathumin Mizoramah buaina a reh theihna turin kan thiam ang tâwk tâwkin kan bei ve a Pu A. Thanglûra phei chuan ‘Sazu mitdel pathum’ min ti a. Kan chau hle a ni, kan nêp hle a ni.
Chaliha erawh kan tithinrim a ni ang chu lung inah min rawn khung ta a, ni 11 chhûng lung inah min tantir a. Lung in tan kha chu eng emaw kawng zâwngah chuan a hrehawm ve bawk nachungin a khawharthlâk lêm loh a. Amaherawhchu khawlaia police-ina kutkawl nêna min han kai bauh bauh chu a khawharthlâk hle a ni. Min hmu apiangin ‘Uai! Kan Pastor chuan eng nge maw a tihsual le?’ tih melh hian min melhin kan inhria a, kha kha keimahni inhriatna a ni a, kan thian tha ber ber te, kan thawhpui te pawh an lo kal liam liam a, mahse min en danah khân a ni eng emaw tihsual rûk a nei a ni ang tih hmêl hi puin kan hre deuh tlat a ni. A khawharthlâk duh ngei mai. Mi an tam poh leh khua a har mai a ni. Ka Lal Isua khawhar dan tur khâ chu chuan min hriat chhuahtir a, eng tham chu a ni lo kan thil hriat kha, Isua hriat ang kha chu a tling pha lo. Amaherawhchu Lal Isua kraws kawng khawharthlâkzia kha min hriattîr a ni, a takin min hmuhtîr a ni.
Jerusalem khaw mipui zawng zawng khân he pa hian thil a tisual a ni ang, eng emaw a sualna? A! mi sual tak pawh a ni ang, Kraws-a khenbeh tur chu tih melhin an melh vek ni awm tak a ni. Mi thenkhat zawngin le, an tah a; a thian tha tha, Petera te meuh pawh kha an bibo dial mai a, a khawhar tûrzia kha a hriat theih hle. A tâwpah phei chuan Kraws lêra a awm khân Pathian meuh pawhin a kalsan ta niin a hria a. ‘Aw Pathian, ka Pathian, engah nge min kalsan, engati nge min kalsan?’ a ti hial a nih kha. Chuti ang hriatna chu zawlneite pawhin an lo nei tawh thin a. Zawlnei Elija chuan Pathian hnênah a dil a, ‘Lalpa min tihlum mai rawh, i zawlnei zawng zawng an that a, kei a awm chhun, a dam chhun ka ni a, chu pawh chu min thah an tum a ni’ a ti a, a khua a har hle. Thlalerah a tlân a, Sinai pûkah a biru a ni.
Amaherawhchu hei tûn harhna inkhâwmpuia kan thupui ‘Dik taka tih a, dik taka rorel a, Pathian nêna len dun’, kha kha Pathian thil phût a ni a. Chutianga ti mi a Fapa Isua chu Kraws lerah mangangin a âu a, ‘Engati nge min kalsan?’ tiin. Pathian nêna lêng dunte pawh hian Pathian kalsan nia inhriat a awm thin a ni. Hei tûnlai kan ramah thil awm dan chhui mi thenkhatte chuan officer thenkhatte chuan an sawi a ni. A! kan ramah hian dik taka tih tum hi chu a lo hahthlâk êm mai, a lo khawharthlâk khawp mai.
Thingtlâng mite lahin officer sual min ti a, kan thiante lahin min melh rek rek a. Kan hotute lahin tûnlai tawng takin min marginalized a. File kan hnêna kal tur khân min pêl zêl mai. Thil tha Pathian duh zâwng tih dâwn chuan khua a har duh viau a ni. Kraws kawng chu a khawharthlâk a ni. Amaherawhchu, chu khawharna chu a tâwpna a ni lo. Isua tâwpna pawh kha chutiang chu a ni lo. Chanchin Tha ziaktute chuan an ziak theuh a. ‘Isua chu ring takin a âu a, a thlarau a thlah ta a’ tiin an ziak a ni. Amaherawhchu eng nge ni a sawi an ziak lo. Johana chauhin a ziak a ni, Johana chuan, ‘A kin ta’ tiin a ziak a ni. ‘Tetelestai.’ Mizo tawng chuan ‘zawh zaw zo’ kan ti awm e. Mizo nunah miin khuangte an châwi a, eng eng emaw an tih hnu chuan zau an han dawh a, chumi an tih zawh hnûah chuan tih tur a la awm nual a, chûng an tih zawh tawh chuan ‘zawh zaw zo’ an ti a. Engkim tih zawh a ni ta, Krawsah chuan engkim tih zawh a ni ta, a kin ta, zawh zaw zo. Khawvêl chhandamna chu chu chu a ni. Pathianin Isua a tirh chhan chu khawvêl chhamdam tûrin, chu chu a zo ta a ni. Chu zawhna, a thiltih zawh lawmna, hnehna âu âw chu a ni, ‘A kin ta,’ ring takin a ti a ni.
Chu lo leh chu thil dang pakhat, kan tawn leh chu sawi thiam harsa pawh ka ti. Rambuai lai bawk kha a ni a, Synod-in engtin nge ni kan ram chungchâng thu hi, infuihna thu te pawh i chhuah ang u, an ti a. A draft tûr kha kan insem sang sang a. Kei pawh kha min ruat a, Silchar-a kan awm lai a ni a, ka draft lai chuan a lo lang ta thut mai a. Isua hi khawvêl chhamdamtu a ni tih chu kan pawm nghet tlâng khawp mai.
Amaherawhchu thil pakhat chuta lo chiang chu ka Kraws hi, keima kraws hi khawvêl chhandamtu a ni tih kha a ni a. A chapothlâk in ti pawh a ni mai thei e. Ka kraws hi a nêp teh lul nen, nanga kraws tehlul maw khawvêl chhandamtu ni ang? A!… a ni, chu tak chu a nia a sawi te pawh a zahthlâk a ni. Amaherawhchu a ni tlat si a. Isua chuan, ‘Keiman chabi ka pe ang che, khawvêlah thil i phuar apiang chu vanah pawh phuar a ni ang a, i phelh apiang chu vanah pawh phelh a ni ang’ a ti. Kan Catholic unaute hian, a mâwl zual deuh chuan he châng hi an chapopui viau a ni. ‘E! Keini chu vanram chabi kawltu kan ni alawm, kan duh chuan kan hawnsak ang che u. Kan duh loh chuan kan hawnsak lo ang che u, chumi tithei chu kan ni alâwm’ an ti a. Vanram kai tûr leh kai tûr lo decide tur, a rêltu ka ni lo hi a lawmawm ka ti hle a ni. Pu Lalzuia chu a hlim hle mai a, a piangthar a. Amaherawhchu harsatna a neih chu, ‘Chu mi chu vanramah a kai ang, chu mi chu a kai lo ang’ a tih a rêl thin a ni. Chutiang rêlna chu he chabi hi a ni lo. He chabi hi ringlo mite hnênah Chanchin Tha hrilna chabi a ni.
A thu zawm lotute hnênah a thu zawmna tur kawng a ni. Hei hi ringtute mawhphurhna ropui ber chu a ni. Paula chuan a hmu chiang hle a, Krista tuarnate chu tifamkim turin ka taksa hian ka tuar a ni. Keini pawh hi Krista tuarna chuan a hre tawh, tifamkim turin keini pawh hi chabi min pe a ni. Chu kawnga kan kal loh chuan khawvêl chhandamna hi a awm thei dâwn lo a ni. Chu chu a chiang khawp mai, chu kawng chu eng nge ni? Kraws kawng chu eng nge ni?
Zirtîrte kha an zîngah chuan an inhnial thin a ni. An zîngah tu nge ropui ber ang tih an inhnial thin a. Jakoba te unau kha Isua hnêna an kala thutthlênga a ding lam leh vei lama thut an dîl a, khatih hun lai khân a boruak a tang hle a ni. An hnênah thu tâwp a zirtîr ta a. Jentail-te zîngah chuan, tûnlai tawng han hmang ta ila, protocol an ti a ni awm e. Jentail-te chuan protocol an ngaina êm êm a ni. Jentail-te zîngah protocol an uar a. Amaherawhchu, mi ropui zîngah chuan chutiang chu a ni lo ang. Chutiang tur chu a ni lo a, hmasa ber nih chu hnuhnung berah, ropui ber nih chu hnuhnung berah, ropui ber nih duh chu chhiahhlawhah, chu chu in kalkawng tur a ni. Chhandamna kawng chu kraws kawng chu a ni. Mihring Fapa pawhin chu chu a zawh dâwn a ni. Mi tam tak tlanna turin a nun hi a pe dâwn a ni. ‘Rawngbawlsak tura lo kal ka ni lo a, rawngbâwl tura lo kal ka ni.’
Paula chuan a sawi chiang leh deuh hlek a, Isua rawngbawl dan hi Kraws kawng hi Philippi mite hnênah khân a sawi a, ‘Isua chu Pathian ang a ni a, Pathian anga siam a ni a, keini mihringte pawh hi Pathian anga siam kan ni a. Amaherawhchu, Isua chu Pathian tluk a ni a, mahse Pathian tluka khatianga awm reng kha thil tih theihah a ngai lo a. Khatianga awm reng turah khân a ngai lo a, bâwihah a insiam a, a intitlâwm a, mihring a lo ni a, mihringah pawh dinhmun hniam ber bâwih dinhmunah a ding a. Bâwih dinhmun aia hniam chu kraws-a an khenbeh turte chauh kha an ni. Kraws-ah chuan a tuar ta a ni.’ Kraws-a khenbeh turte chuan eng mah neih an nei tawh lo. Khawvêlah hian eng mah ‘Ka ta’ han tih tur an nei tawh lo. Chumi dinhmunah chuan a rawn ding a ni. Chumi avang chuan alâwm a ti a, Paula chuan chumi avang chuan alâwm Pathianin a châwimâwi ta zâwk a, khawvêla hming ropui ber, hming sâng ber, dinhmun sâng berah chuan a dah ta a ni. Pathianin a ngaihsan ber chu chu chu a ni. Kan Lal Isua Krista rilru ang hi i pu ve ang u, tiin a fuih a ni. Kohhrante chu chu a fuihna a ni. Kan Lal Isua Krista rilru ang hi i pu ve ang u.
Kristian Hla Bu No. 197-na, ‘Isu, Kraws mi hnaihtir rawh, Tuikhur hlu awmna kha’ tiin kan sa zêl a, ‘Kraws-ah chuan, kraws-ah chuan, ka ropui awm rawh se.’ He thu hi a harsa deuh hlek a, ‘Kraws-ah chuan ka ropui awm rawh se’ ‘Kraws ropui ka tih ber ni rawh se’ tihna a ni a. He hla hi sa ila, Lalpa Tawngtaina sawi rualin kan tin dâwn nia. n
(Hei hi Rev. Zairema sermon hnuhnung ber a ni a. He sermon a sawi ni hi chuan khawvêl a chhuahsan hun a hnai tawh tih a hria a. A taksa leh a âw pawh a chau viau tawh a, mahse rin ai takin a âw te chu a chhuak tha a. A tu leh faten, ‘Rin aiin i âw te chu a va tha ve’ an tih chuan ani chuan Samsona lu an meh kawlhsak hnua Dagona biak ina an hruai laia Pathianin chakna thar a rawn pe leh angah khân a inchan a. Pathian puihnain thu pawh a sawi thei niin a insawi)
Source : www.revzairema.com
Monday, April 5, 2010
Good Friday Sermon
¢ Rev Zairema


text:
August 14, 2013
Group Report
MATTHAIA
- Tun thla Faith Promise khawn a lo hun leh ta a, group hruaituten \hahnemngai taka khawn turin an in chah.
MARKA
- Hruaitu \henkhatten Y.M.A zaipawl intihsiak turah telin hla an zir ngawrh tawh hle.
LUKA
- An hruaitu Tv. K.Lalngaihawma chu mimal hna \ul thilah Hliappui lamah a thang mek.
- Faith Promise khawn a lo hun leh ta a hruaituten kim taka khawn turin an in chah.
JOHANA
-10th August, Inrinni zan khan group committee neih a ni a thu
pawimawh tak tak an rel.
- Ni 20 August hian hian group sumtuaknan FIFA 2013 Tournament
buatsaih a ni dawn, group hruaitu leh organising committee te
an buai thei hle.
Posted by KTP at Wednesday, August 14, 2013
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text:
Zomi sung ah sep pih lawm leh gual a kuamah peuh,
A beisa kum 2000 lai (Y2K) hun lai a kipan in Zomi Computer and Internet Association ci-in ZOCIA Network i kipan a, tuin kum 10 a cing hi ta hi. Kum 10 cinna pawpi i kham zawhloh ding hang in, i maban sa lah ahi, mipi ki tangsap leh hong nget
uh lah ahi IT News, Tips, Tricks and Review tuamtuam te
Newsletter tawh a beisa 2000 a kipan suak sak ngei, tua ciang tawm khat
tawlnga in 2005 in kipan kik leuleu hang a, tu laitak in i tawlngak
laitak ahi hi.
Leitung khantohnate in hong deep ta a, Computer leh Internet zang Zomi zong tampi mah ki pha behta ahihna tawh kizui in, i laihawm ahih a thak in, i ZOCIA Kum 10 cinna muakna leh thaksuah sakna in hawmkik ding
lunggulhna om hi.
Tua a ding in sum leh paai tawh ahi zong in, information sharing ahi zong in, design skill a kipan, siamna khat peuh a kihel nuam i om leh kikum khawm to ni.
Tampi theih ding kisam tuanlo hi. Sum zong tampi piak khiat ding kisam masa lo hi. I neih sunsun tawh kipat theih hi a, i theih sunsun teng kawikhawm ciat in, gawmkhawm leng newsletter dal (4) ai ciangciang
cing baih mahmah lel ding hi. A masa in PDF tawh hawmsawm in, i sep zawh
leh, a nihna ah laidal tawh leitung gam khempeuh ah, a deih leh a sim
nuam teng kiang ah hawm khia cih dan in vaihawm ding hi hangh.
HIh tawh kisai ngaihsutna leh deihsaknate kikum khawm ciat lai ni.
Views: 137
Zomi IT lam khantohna pen midangte sang in ki niam zaw hetlo hi.
Kum 2000- Y2K a kipan in Zomi Computer leh Internet Association kipan cih pen
Pasian' thupha hi. Kum 10 cinna ding in vaihawmna a om pen hoih mahmah hi.
Hanciam ciat ni ei guai!
Bang ci nasa hiam?
Na ngaihsutna hong pulak ve?
Zomi te pen midang te sang IT ah kiniam zaw lo a hih ban ah mi namdang te dem kul sa lai ing. bang hang hiam cih khat leh nih ih siam bek tawh mi tung ah a ki tuang hi lo in... Zomi tampi mah a siam ciang Zomi te khangto, siam hong ki ci zo pan hi. ei leh ei ki dem kei ni. ei leh ei ih ki dem sawm leh khial ding hi hang. ki haza ding, kigen sia ding hi hang.. Mi namdang te dem sawm ni .. IT lam ah Quality a nei mi Quantity tam sawm ni ci in zong hong han thawn nuam ing....lungdam


text:
1. Biadomhnak:
Khrihfabu hruainak ah phungchim le thlacam lawngin a za lo. Khrihfabu ṭhanchonak caah biaceih le khuakhan a herh. Meting tuah hi ṭhancho phunkhat a si. Zeicatiah biakhiahmi nih thilṭha tampi a chuahpi. Meting ah cun mizapi le mi tam deuh ruahnak kha laak a si caah a ṭhathnemnak a um. Asinain meting a tuah zia kan thiam lo tikah buainak a chuahpi caan a um ve tawn. Hmailei ṭhanchonak vialte hi meting khuakhannak in a s a si caah zoh dawhte le ṭhahnem santlai ngai in tuah thiam a herh. A bik in Baptist Khrihfabu hi meting a uar ngaimi kan si. Kan meting a sau tuk tawn n. Cunglei uk mi siloin mah tein biaceih khuakhannak nawl kan ngeih caah ceihkhan awk a tam tuk caah a si. Cun biaceih awk a tam lawng si loin meting tuah zia kan thiam lo ca zongah a si. Meting tuahning hi cauk ngan pipi in an chuahmi a si nain a herh deuh tete kan hun langhter lai.
2. Meting tuahning cauk (Robertś Rules and Order):
Meting tuahning cauk parliamentary Procedures hi American ralbawi Henry M. Robert nih 1863 ah a rak ṭialmi a si. A min ah “Robertś Rules of Order” an ti. Amah hi khrihfa ṭha ngai a si i, upat hmaizahmi a si bantuk in Khrihfabu he a pehtlaimi meting pakhat ah chairman ṭuan an fial. Uunak lei he aa dan deuh caah a thiam lo i biaknak lei meting tuahning cauk pakhat in ṭial a herh ti kha a lungchungah a chuak. Khrihfa meting asiloah cozah a si lomi Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) hna caah meting tuahnak ah hman khawh dingin cauk a ṭial. Mah cauk cu cherhchan laak cio in nihin ni tiang vawlei pumpi in hman a si. Hi cauk hi catlap hmai 176 a si nain a hnuah hrilhfiah an ṭial chap lengmang i hmai 600 tiang a chuak. Kanmah he aa pehtlai kha a tawinak in ka hun ṭial.
3. Meting Tuahnak Nih Aa Tinhmi:
- Meting zoh dawh le felte in tuah khawhnak
- Mi tam deuh hnatlaknak in bia khiah khawhnak
- Mi tlawm deuh duhnak kha hmaizahpiaknak
- Meting a kaimi paoh nih bia chim khawhnak le biatung dirh khawhnak
- Meting a kaimi paoh nawlngeihnak i tluk cio khawhnak
- Bu dirhning le hruainak upadi phung suai thiamnak
- Biaceih ding agenda suai thiamnak
- Chairman le a dang hruaitu hna nih an rian an i theih khawhnak
- Meting a kaimi hna nih zohdawh zohrem tein biachim thiamnak
- A caan ngeihmi chungah zoh dawh zoh remte in bia chim thiamnak
- Baiceihmi ṭialning le biakhiah thiamnak, te hna caah a si.
4. Meting Timhlamhnak
- Meting sawmnak ca kuat ding, a caan le a hmun fiangte in ṭial ding
- Ceih dingmi agenda kha Pastor, Church Chiarman le Secretary hna nih ṭhate in Khrihfabu caah ceih awk a herhmi kha an ruahcia lai. Khrihfabu ṭhanchonak caah chunmang ṭhaṭha an manh lai i, ceihkhan awk ah an chuahpi lai. Timhcianak ṭhate in an ngeih ahcun, biaceih khuakhan tikah rian a fawiter deuh.
- Meting caah a herhmi ṭhutnak, a khan, ca, upadi, eidin, tlamtling tein timhlamh dih ding
- Meting kaimi cazin, biaceihmi ṭialtu, ṭialning, a ningcang tein tuah ding
- Meting he aa pehtlaimi paoh ṭhate in ruahcia le timhlamh dih ding. Timhlamhnak a ṭhat ahcun a ningcangte in a kal kho i meting tuahmi sullam a ngeih pinah a kaimi zong an i nuam.
5. Chairman Rian
Meting chairman a thiammi nih an ṭuan ahcun meting a nuam i biakhiah a fawi. A kaimi zong an tha a nuam i Khrihfabu caah ṭhathnemnak a chuahpi. Meting a tluan khawhnak caah Chiarman cu a biapi ngaimi a si. A rian a biapi deuh hna cu:
- Meting dawhte le remte in a kal khawh nakhnga a rian ngan bik a si.
- Mithmai in siseh, kaa in siseh, meting a kaimi cungah duhdanhnak a ngei lai lo. Biakhiahnak dik a chuah khawhnak aa zuam lai.
- Daihnak le upat awktlak mithmai put aa zuam lai.
- Midang chimmi bia kha ṭhate in ngaih le theihpiak aa zuam lai.
- Biaceihmi agenda pial lote in kanh aa zuam lai.
- Biapi le biate a ṭhenhai thiam lai. Caan a upatmi a si lai.
- Ruahnak kaumi le lungsaumi a si lai.
- Bu hruainak phung upadi a thiammi a si lai.
- Bia tam tuk a chim lai lo. Midang lung fiannak caah a fianter lai.
- Biachim rih lomi caan pek le ruahnak hal aa zuam peng lai.
- Meting a kaimi thinlung theih khawh aa zuam lai.
- Khrihfabu cungah dawtnak le siaherhnak nganpi a ngei lai.
- Meting tuah tikah Pathian duhnak kha kawl le ruah peng aa zuam lai.
- Bia chim le ceihhmai a duh ahcun a bawmtu kha chairman a ṭuanter lai.
- Me an i zah sual ahcun biakhiahnak a tuah lai.
- Buainak a um sual ahcun daihter aa zuam lai.
- Meting a buai tuk ahcun meting kha a thwn khawh lai.
6. Meting A Kaimi Hna An Rian
Meting a kaimi hna an rian hi a biapi tuk ve. Pakhat cio nih thilṭha a chuah khawh nakhnga an i zuam cio lai. Khrihfabu dawtnak thinlung an ngei lai i bia an chim tikah khuaruat bute in a ṭhahnemmi bia kha an chim lai. A biapi deuhdeuh hna cu:
- Ceihmi a kong agenda an theih lai. Thei satsai loin bia a chim lai lo.
- Midnag bia chimmi ṭhate in a ngaih lai. Bia lutaw theih aa zuam lai.
- Biadawh lo, bia chiakha an chim lai lo. Biadawh holhdwh an hman lai.
- Pumpak ngiarnak, zapi caah theih nuam lomi chim an hrial lai.
- Chiarman kha upat hmaizahnak an ngei lai.
- Ceih liomi bia he aa pehtlai lomi an chim lai lo.
- Minung hawi he biaceih a sinain, Pathian a kai ve ti a hngalh lai i ṭihzahnak he a chim lai.
- Bia chim an duh tikah Chiarman hnatlaknak an laak lai.
- Bia chim a duhmi nih kutthlir, asiloah, “Chairman” tiah an au hmasa lai.
- Agenda ceih liomi pakhat ah voihnih cung chim lo a `ha bik.
- Meting chungah a thin a tawi lai lo. Thinhun ahcun palh a fawi tuk ti a theih peng lai
- Voikhat chim ah sau tuk in a chim lai lo, tawi fiang in chim aa zuam lai.
- Phungchim tazahawt phun in chim lo ding. A duhnak te lawng kha a fianter lai.
- Midang an chim lioah dirchih, chimchih an hmang lai lo.
- Zapi hnatlakmi kha cohlan khawh aa zuam lai.
- A dongh tiangin kai aa zuam lai i caan upat aa zuam lai.
7. A Tlamtlingmi Meting Biakhiahning
- Hruainak Phunghram le Phungṭengning in, zatceo maw, cheuthum cheuhnih an kai tikah tlamtlinngmi meting tuah khawh a si.
- Meting kai ding (quarum) an tlin lo tikah an thawn lai i meting dang an auh lai. Auhṭhanmi meting ah cun a kaimi paoh nih biaceih khawhnak a um.
- Bia sawhsawh cu mi tam deuh hnatlaknak (simple majority) in biakhiah khawh a si.
- A biapimi cu cheuthum cheuhnih hnatlaknak (2/3 majority) in biakhiah a si.
- Zapi hnatlaknak in (unanimous consensus) biakhiah hi a ṭha bik.
- Hruainak Phunghram le Phungṭeng hna ning in zulh ding.
8. Biatung Dirhning (Asu Tunning)
- Phunghram le phungṭengning in meting a kaimi nih biatung a dirh khawh lai.
- Dirhkamhtu a ngeih lawngah a dirhmi biatung a nung kho.
- Biatung zeizat dah a um kho lai? Dirhkamhtu (Consensus) a ngeih lo ahcun biatung pahnih hi aṭha bik.
- Lakhruak biatung (privileged motion)
- Biatung dirhmi remhnak (to amend)
- Kawmiṭi kut ah chiahnak (to commit)
- Thawnmi biatung (to postpone)
- Ceihciami ruahṭhannak (to reconsider); 2/3 me a herh.
10. A Nuammi Le A ṭhami Meting
- Chairman nih zoh dawhte le tluangte in a hruai thiam tikah.
- Meting a kaimi nih meting upat hmaizahnak an ngeih tikah.
- Tawi fiang le zapi theih khawh awkin an chim cio tikah.
- Meting chungah thin sauté le Pathian ṭihzah bu in bia an chim cio tikah.
- Biahalnak in thok lo ding (leading, siloin, open-ended question) – “A si ko lo maw? Biakinn remh ding nan hna a tla ko lo maw? tiin chim lo ding. “Biakinn remh hi a herh ngai caah zeitindah nan ruah cio?” ti ding a si.
- Bia ngaihzia thiam le bia lutaw thei bute in an chim cio tikah.
- A fimthiam le a hngal deuh sinah ruahnak laakzia an thiam tikah.
- Meting a caan chung an lim khawh tikah.
- Thinhunnak le pumpak ertaunak a um lo tikah.
- Bia funzia an thiam tikah.
- Zapi hnatlaknak in biakhiahnak a um khawh tikah.
- Khrihfabu caah a ṭhahnemmi bia an khiah khawh tikah.
11. A Nuam Lomi Meting
- Zapi ṭhatnak zoh loin mah duhnak lawngin a kalpimi an um tikah.
- Holh tam tuk le atu le atu a thomi an um tikah (agenda pakhat ah voihnihnak tam chim lo ah a ṭha bik)
- Thinhunnak le sikṭhiatnak a um tikah.
- Mi duhdanhnak le zeirel lonak le i hmuh thiam lonak a um tikah.
- Biachimtu nih sau tuk le cawnpiak phun in an chim tikah.
- Biathlir cawi hmangmi, a si loning (negative) tuk in a letthalmi an um tikah.
- Meting upatzia an thiam lo tikah.
- A dai tukmi, asiloah, a lung a tho lomi an tam tikah.
- Chairman a ṭuanmi zei an rel hna lo tikah.
- Pumpak miaknak le minthannak a kawlmi an um tikah.
- Biakhiahmi an duh lo tikah, an pom khawh lo tikah.
12. Meting Biakhiahmi Fehternak
- Meting tuah tikah a hlan meting biakhiahmi kha relṭhan ding.
- Ceihningte in aa ṭial maw, hrelhmi, chapmi a um sual maw, tiah zoh ṭhan ding.
- Ceihning deuh in ṭial a si lo ahcun, remhṭhan ding.
- Biafang hmanmi zapi theih khawhmi hman ding.
- Meting a rak kaimi lawng nih fehternak biatung dirh le dirkamh khawh ding.
13. Meting Tuahmi Zohṭhannak
- Chairman ṭuan a thiam maw?
- Meting kaimi lunglawm thanuamte in an um maw?
- Meting sawmmi tlamtling in an kai maw?
- Report le caṭialmi palh lo le tlingte in a um maw?
- Eidin a thaw maw, zohkhenhning a ṭha maw?
- A ṭhahnemmi biakhiahnak a chuak kho maw?
- Meting nih aa tinhmi le saduhthahmi a phan kho maw?
- Meting kaimi pakhat le pakhat upat hmaizahnak an i ngei hna maw?
- Hruainak Phunglam he ai ralkah in biakhiahmi a um maw?
- Zapi ruahnak in a kal maw? Mi tlawmte duhnak lawngin dah a si?
- Meting tuahnak hmun le meting tuahnak khaan a nuam maw?
- Zeitindah hmailei ah kan ṭhanter khawh deuh lai? Ruahnak cheuhnak tuah ding.
13. A bu in rianṭuannak ah ṭhanchonak a um khawhnak
- Ruannak le zapi tel khawhnak a um tikah (Balance composition)
- Ruahnak thar hruaitu hna nih an chuahpi khawh tikah. (creative thinking)
- Lungthawhnak a um tikah. (enthusiasm and motivation)
- Hmailei thil hmuh khawhnak a um tikah. (clear vision for the future)
- Palhnak kha ṭhatnak in thlen khawhnak aum tikah.
- A ṭhalei hoih in zoh thiam le ruah thiamnak a um tikah (Positive attitudes)
- Pakhat le pakhat karah pehtlaihnak a ṭhat tikah (understanding)
- Tuah ciami kha zoh ṭhannak a um lengmang tikah. (regular evaluation)
- Pathain ṭihzahnak le upatnak he rianṭuannak a um cio tikah
Biafunnak: A cunglei kan ṭialmi hna hi mibu hruainak le meting tuahnak ah a herhmi tlawmpalte lawng a si. A tlamtling mi a si lo. Upadi bantuk in ruat loin mah le Khrihfabu le hruaitu hna nih a herhning le aṭhat bik ningin hman khawh a si.
Ca ṭialtu Chirhchanmi Cauk:
Mac Carty, Barry: A Parliamentary Guide for Church Leaders (Nashville: Broadman, 1987)
Sang Awr, Khrihfabu ṭhithruai Thiamnak (Yangon: LBC, 2004)
Mall, Jane E. Handbook for Church Secretary (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1982)
Theihternak: Hi capar hi Muko 2005 vol. 10 No. 2 page 18-22 chung ah lak chinmi a si.


text:
Milai thinlung cu khuaruahnak mizia pahnih, dunglamah mi
hnuk kir tu le hmailam ah in nawr tu-in a luah khat theu. Cutikah, mi zokhalin
amai thinlung huham cahnak thawn a duhnak ah feh dingin hril theinak a nei asi.
Dunglamah in hnuk kirtu kan thlun ding maw,
hmailamah in nawr tu kan
thlun sawn ding? Dunglamah mi hnuk kirtu suangtuahnak pawl cun milai pakhat cu
siatnak, thatlonak, tihnak le dungtawlhnak thu pawlin mi pakhat cu dung a sip
ther theu. Cu tikah, mi pakhatkhat cu amah in a duhlo mi kha a tuah hrimhrim a
tul lo vekin amai duhmi kha tuah dingin hrilin tuah theinak khal a nei asi. Na
thinlung suangtuahnak cu nangmah in na neh ding maw, ruahnak tha loin na nun
kha a lo kai hrem in salah a lo tuah ding? Na thinlung duhnak na pitlin theinak
dingah na ruahnak sungah hmun kaupi a luah theu tu suangtuahnak tha lo pawl kha
na hlawnlo thei a tulih na thinlung cu Pathian Thlaray huham cahnak hnuai up aw
aw in Pathianin na hrangah a duh mi kha tuahsuak dingin na zuam a tul hrimhrim.
Mi tampi in hitin an ruat: Milai mizia tha lo pawl cu nule
pa hnen ihsin thlah sawng awk mi asi an ti. Asinan mi pakhatin ziangruangah
mizia tha lo a nei ih ziangruangah a thinlung ruahnak sungah suangtuahnak tha
lo pawlin hmun kau pi a luah theu khal va sisehla milai sunglamah a ummi,
Pathian pekmi thinlung huham cahnak a hmang thiam tu cun ziangvek miza tha lo
le thinlung ruahnak thalo pawl khal neh theih asi. Na mizia tha lo pawl cu na
neh thei ding maw? Nangmah rori in na tuah a tul, “rang cu tiva kapah na hruai
thei nan tidai na in ter thei lo, amah na rang hruai mi in a in hrimhrim a
tul.” A itthat mi thinlung cu kaihthawh sal a tul theu, kaihthawh lo mi
thinlung cun siatnak ah mi a thlen fawn. A itthat mi thinlung cun amai miza tha
lo le a thinlung sungah suangtuahnak tha lo pawl khal kha a thlei dang thei
fawn lo. Ziangkim in san an neih thluh vekin ziangkim parah thatnak hmuh thiam
a tul. Milai thinlung sungah siatnak le thatnak a khai khawm tu a um ringring,
siatnak lam na thlun asile na thinlung sung cu siatnak in a luah khat dingih
thatnak lam na thlun asi le thatnak in na thinlung a luah khat ding. Na
thinlungah a ummi vekin na mithmai ah a lang fawn ding. Mithmai mawi te neih na
duh asile na thinlung ruahnak sungah ruahnak mawi le tha lawng hmun luah ter
aw.
Mi zo khalin
thlakhat, zarhkhat sungah an tuah mi hi an zohsal theu a tha. An tuah mi sungah
a pitling lo mi le a hlawh tling lo mi siseh tuah sual mi siseh a um asi ahcun
ziangruangah timi hawl ding asi. Midang puhmawh ding hawl men loin ziangruangah
timi hawlin pitling dingin zuam sinsin ding asi. A harsa mi hnatuan pakhatkhat
cun rah man kung sinsin a rah theu timi theih hngilh lo ding asi. Voi tampi cu
mi tampi in thil pakhatkhat an tuah sual maw an hlawh tlin lo tikah midang
asilole an kiangkap dinhmun pakhatkhat kha an mawh thlukih anmah in an tuah
ding mi cu an thulh phah theu. Thil an tuahsual pang mi ihsin siseh a
hlawhtling lomi tuannak ihsin siseh anmah le anmah an zir awk dingmi zir hna an
thiam lo theu. Cutikah voikhat hlawhtling lonak, thilsual tuah pangnak in an
hmailam kha a siatsuah in zianghman tuah ngam nawn loin an zuamnak le phurnak
tiang a siat phah theu. A ngaingai ti ahcun thil a tuahsual pang dah lole a
hlawhtling lomi hna a tuan dah lo mi cun zirmi malte lawng a nei asi.
Mi pakhatkhat in hlawhtlinnak a duh asi ahcun a man a pek
tengteng a tul. Aman a pek dingmi cu sumpai asilo, zuamnak le zuamnak asi. A
pakhathakah pitling dingin duhnak a neih hmaisak a tul. A pahnihnak ahcun, pitlinnak
hrangah a tul mi tuahnak, zuamnak a neih hrimhrim a tul. Culawng hman si loin
pitling si thei dingin a tulmi pawl cu a zuamih a tuan suak hrimhrim a tul.
Pitling thei dingin mi pakhat cun amah le amah a zir awk ringring a tul. Nitin
a ton mi lak ihsin riahsiatnak thawn beidawng men loin amah milai duhnak le
tumtahnak kalh zawngin thil pakhatkhat a thlen tikah hmanah amah le amah a zir
awk ih a hlan hnakin cak sinsin le zuam sinsin in tuan a tul fawn. Mi
hlawhtling tampi pawl hi a thawk ihsin an fim le an that ruangah si sawn loin a
hram thawk ihsin an tuah mi le an ton mi lak ihsin a tha lo bik lak hman ihsin
anmah le anmah an zir aw vivo ih a hlan hnakin zuam sinsin le taima sinsin in a
tuan tu an si theu.
Mi hlawktling tampi cu a zuam, a taima le tuan tento tu pawl
an si theu. Tuan a zuam lole a taima lomi, mize pawl hi hnatuan tumpi pek khal
an si dah lo ih rinsan mi khal an si dah fawn lo. A sang bik a thleng tu pawl
cu an suahkeh ihsin an fim le an that ciamco ruang hnakin an tuah mi parah thinlung
takin an tuanih an zuam tento ruangah an hlawhtling sawn mi asi. Mi in upatnak
an pek theu mi pawl cu mi tampi in upatnak an pek hlanah anmah te an tuah mi
parah fel le taima zetin hna a rak tuan tu an si theu. An tuah mi parah rinsan
thlak zetin thinlung tairial in hna an tuan tikah mi tampi in an thei vivo ih
rinsan tlak le mi (pi) aiawh in tuanvo pek tlak an sinak an theih mi an si
theu.
Tikcu pawimawh can ah tuanvo pek theu mi pawl cu thinlung
tairial zetin zuamnak lawngin pitlinnak hmuh thei asi tiah a zumih a tuan tu
pawl an si theu. Thinlung in zumnak nei lo le kiangkap dinhmun lak ihsin
siatnak thatlonak lawnglawng a hmu tu, beidawnnak thu lawnglawng a ruat tu pawl
kha tuanvo pek tik khalah tuan suak thei mi nei mumal lo an si theu. Thinlung
tairial zetin hna a tuan tu pawl cu midang tampi in an hmuh ban lo, an ruahban
lo lai khalah tuanvo la ngam tu le kaihruai ngam tu an si theu.
Thinlung in zumnak nei loin hna a tuan tu pawl cu an
hlawhtlinnak ding a har ngaingai. An duh mi an ngah hmanah an thinlung sungah
cun hlawhtling lo pa thawn an bang aw ringring theu. Mi tampi cu anmah le anmah
zum awknak rinsan awknak an nei lo theu ih an neihmi cahnak le fimnak theihnak
pawl kha a lakin an hlawn liam theu. Curuangah thinlung huham cahnak thawn thinlung
zaten pe in ziangkim tuah tikah hlawhtlinnak cu a cia thluk asi. Voi khatkhat
ah an tuah mi a pitling lo hmanah an tuahmi kha ziangruangah a pitling lo timi
sung ihsin anmah le anmah zir awknak an neih ruangah hlawknak an nei thotho.
Mah te rinsan awknak a hloh tu cu thinlung kebai an si. A
thinlung a cek fel awk sal ih a zumnak a thinlung huham a rem thatsal lo ahcun
ziangkim a tuahnak hrangah a hrek tluk cu a hlawhtling lo cia in hnatuan vek
asi. Aisnan mahle mah ah zum awknak rinsan awknak a nei mi cun tuisun ah a
farah zet men ding nan mi farah vekin a nung lo ding, ziangah tile thaisunah
ngah ding mi a nei asi ti a thei. Mah le mah zum awk rinsan awk ti tikah
Pathian thu thawn a kalh aw mi asilo. Pathian thei loin milai sinak rinsan
tinak asi fawn lo. Pathian in mailai pakhat parah a pek mi fimnak theihnak le
cahnak pawl hi a sersiam mi mailai pakhat hrangah a tul mi le Pathian in a
sersiam mi mailai pakhat parah tuanvo a pek mi pawl tuahsuak theinak dingah a
famkim asi ti zumnak sawn asi.
Zumnak nei tu pawl cu an kiangkapah a ummi unau sungkhat
rualpi tha pawlin an ruatsual pang theu. Ziangah tile kiangkap minung pawl cun
lenglam taksa langdan, sungkhat le pawlkom mibur a langmi lawng an hmuh thei
ruangah mi pakhat ih sunglam thinlung huham cahnak kha an hmu thiam lo theu
ruangah an ruat sual theu. Cun khatlamah, zumnak a nei lo tu pawl khal an
kiangkap milai pawlin an theisual theu fawn. Voi tampi taksa zoh in an rinsan
sual theu ih an sunglam thinlung kaw-hawm pi an rak si ziar thei mi an thei thiam
lo theu. Zumnak nei lo milai cu an kiang um tu pawl hrang khalah riahsiatnak ti
tamtu men an si. Mi tampi in thiltuah duhmi an nei theu. Asinan cumi tuahsuak
thei dingin a tul mi cu zumnak thawn feh ih tuah asi. Thinlung hnget zetin
thinlung huham a hmang thiam tu cun a kiangkapah ziangvek thil thleng khal
sehla a tuah mi kha a thulh lo ih a tuah cutco tikah a tuah suak hrimhrim asi.
Thinlung huham a cak sinsin asile kiangkap hnaihnawk tu pawl kha a fate sinsin
in a hmu ding.
Ziangkim na tuah mi parah awlsam zetin na hlawh tling theh
ding ti ah ruat dah hlah. Na fehnak lamzin cu hling le so lakah na thlen can a
um thei. Asinan na thinlung hnget zetin na tumtahmi parah na bun ih na mitin na
tumtahmi na zoh ringring asi ahcun na tumtah mi na thlen tikah dunglam na
zohsal dingih “Aw, Pathian Thlarau lamhruainak hnuaiah, thinlung tairialnak le
zumnak huham thawn ka tuah suak asi” na ti leh ding. Pathian zumtu na si le
“Pathian in in bawm asi” na ti ding. Asinan Pathian zumtu mi tampi pawlin an
ruatsual theu mi cu anmah in an tuah dingmi tuah loin Pathian lawng an ring
sual theu. Anmah in an tuah mi parah an thinlung pe loin Pathian an ring thluh
theu ih anmah lamah cun cahlonak lawnglawng an hmuh awk tikah an sung ihsin
Pathian in a tuah duh mi hman tuah suak loin a liam sawn theu. Asinan leitlunah
zumtu mi hminthang pawl cu an duhmi an tuahnakah meisa kang rero sungah hni
suamso ten an fehtlang theu ih hling rul lak khalah a naa thei lo vekin hna a
rak tuan rero tu an si theu. Na duhmi na tuah pitling ding maw, na hlawhtling
ding maw? Na thinlung huham cahnak zaten zumnak thawn tuan aw.


text:
Translated into Zohâm/Zokam
by Philip Thanglienmang M.A(Linguistics)
Leisiet tunga hinna hing piendân a kigên chiengin ngaidân tuomtuom a om a, thusim leh tuotdân dangdang a om hi. Tuate pawlkhat tam aneiah ka’ng tâlang ding hi.
1. Hinnaneiloute patsa thakhatthu a hinna pien thusim(hypothesis spontaneous generation)
Sâintist pawlkhat in hinna kichi pen hinnaneiloute(abiogenesis) pansa hing kuondoh ahi a na chi uhhi. Lungnoute leh thante pen ganta siluong tunga pansa hing pieng ahi chiin na gingta uhhi. Ngaluloh pen buonnawi leh buol veiden lah apat a hing pieng dânin na ngaisut uhhi. Kum 1668 in Francesco Redi in lungnoute, thante leh thoute pen thousite’n gantasite luong tunga a tûi uh, a thah zieh u’a hing piengkhie ahi, chiin na mudoh hi. Tua ahimanin, tam banga hinnaneite hing piendân thusim pen tuni’n a kipomthei nawnta sih a, a kipâimangta hi.
2. Tunglam thaneitu siemna thusim(hypothesis of special creation): Kum 150 vel peisa hun laiin, tunglam a thaneitu khat in hinnaneite a thaneina toh thakhat a bangmalou apata na siemkhie hi, chiin na kigingta hi. Ahivangin, tuni’n tam thusim pen sâins khantouna toh kizuiin mi tampite’n a kipomta sih hi.
3. Vanlam apata hinna chi leitung a hing kiehsuhna thusim(cosmozoic generation): Vannei mong lam patsa hing kipan hinna chi leitung ah hing kesuh in, tuachia hinnaneite hing pieng ahi, na chi pawlkhat na om hi. Mipil pawlkhatin âhsi lêngte(comets) pata hinna hing kipan ahi chiin a um uhhi. Tuni’n tami thusim pen a kipomta sih hi.
4. Hinnaneilou patsa hinnanei piendân thusim(Oparin’s Abiotic Theory )
Kum 4.8 billion peisa tuom in leisiet(Planet_Earth=leitang, leitung) na pieng ahi. Khangluisuonglim kimudohte sunga tulâi a, bacteria omte toh kisun sim tampite pen kum 3.3 billion a, upa(old) khangluisuonglimte tungah na kimudoh hi. Thûhta mai in gêlta lei pen, Nipihuong(solar system) ah, huisa mama nempite in nipi kuolkip in a na kipeipei hi. Nipihuong pen atom chituomtuom tampi kihalte khu huisa mama bawlung lum bangin vannei mong khat ah nipi kimkot in a na kipeipei leh kiviel den uhhi. Nipihuong sunga huisa leh leivui a na kivielviel chiengun, hunkhat zouin, a na khing simta uhhi. Tuachia a na khin(vot) sim chiengun, leitang(leisiet) lum lim leh mêl in a na kilumkhawm u’a, tuachiin leisiet lumte in a na kilang u’a, tuate khu solte(planets) a kichi hi.
Leitung(leisiet) zong solte lah a sol chikhat ahi. Tuachiin, leitung lâilung pen radioactive elementte nempi om ahimanin, a’ng khin chiengun, husa nempi a’ng pieng a, muolpâwh(volcano) tampi na pieng hi.
Vannei ah atom neupente lah ah hydrogen atom(H) a tampen hi. Hydrogen atom pen atom hal(active) mama ahiziehin, silbangkim teng toh kigawmthei, kihalthei leh kichimathei ahiziehin, Oxygen(O2) atom toh a’ng kichimat chiengin tûi(túi)(H2O) a’ng suoh hi. Nitrogen toh a’ng kichimat chiengin Ammonia(NH3) a suoh hi. Carbon toh hydrogen a’ng kichimat chiengin Methane(CH4) a’ng suoh hi. Tuachiin, leisiet pen na sa mama ahiziehin, tui pen tui maimai in a na omthei nâi sih a, a sat sêng sêng ziehin huikhuo ah tuihu na suoh paipai in na lêngmang thang let uhhi.
Pu Oparin - gêndân in, leisiet nâupanlâi in, a huikhuo sungah tuihu(water vapour), ammonia(NH3), leh methane(CH4) na om masapen uhhi. Chemical activityte na sua mama ahimanin atomte pen molecule tuomtuomte leh zat tampi na suoh zel uh ahi chiin a ngaisut hi. Suong tunga beh silicon, aluminium leh sia te pen oxygen toh na kichimat bai mama zel uhhi. Tuni’n zong singkungte patsa’n photosynthesis ziehin oxygen hing pawt sih leh, leitung a oxygen om zousie pen suongte toh kichimat in a beisiengta ding hi. Sâlevot(temperature) sâng mama ahimanin, tua hun lâiin, chemical reaction ziehin carbon toh dim moleculete chipen ‘simple organic silte’ na piengzou thamta va chiin a gingta hi.
Methane(CH4), Ammonia(NH3), leh Tui(H2O) in Alcohol(C2H5OH) ahilouleh Amino Acid(C2H5O2N) kisiemna díngin atomte na poimaw hi. Tua banga complex chemical silte siemna ding husa pen leitung husa leh kawlphemei(lightning) a patsa a hing kipan hi va chiin a kigingta hi. Kum tampi peizou chiengin tuikângpi, dîl leh buol ah tam organic moleculete vei in tuisa dâm veiden(hot thin soup) bangin a’ng omta hi. Tua amino acidte leh carbohydrate neute a’ng kigawmkhawm toutou chiengun organic macromolecule golte(polypeptides) na suoh zel hi. Tuate khu hinnanei chikhat na suoh hiva chithu a gen ahi.
Tuachiin, hinnaneilou apatin hinnanei na piengdoh ahi, a chi hi. Virus pen hinnaneilou ganhing chikhat ahi chithei ahi. Aziehpen, hinnanei cell khat tunga a’ng tuh chiengin ama in hinna a’ng neipan ahihi. Virus chini a khenthei ahi; RNA puo virus leh DNA puo virus. Singkung leh louhing viruste pen RNA puo zât ahi. Ganhing viruste pen DNA puo zât ahihi. Leitung hinnanei zousien chi tungah DNA ahilouleh RNA beh teitei ahi. DNA and RNA pen nucleic acidte ahibou hi. Deoxyribonucleic acid leh Recombinant nucleic acid china ahihi. DNA pen hinna siemna lim neupen ahihi. Hinna siemdân díng pen DNA sungah a om hi.
Tuaziehin, hinna kichi pen tuikangpi mong lam, buonnawi leh buonman opna mun khat patsa khanglui hun sawtpi laia, mun lem khat a, hinna molecule suongnu sungpan a na piengkhie hikha va chithu pen thusînna in a nei hi. Pasien in hinna khu leisiet pansa a na siem kichi khu a dih ma hileh kilawm hi.
Thumakâi(Introduction)
Lamarck leh Darwin in hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim a na suokhietdoh uh khu thutha a hisih a, khanglui lâi Romante, Greekte, Chinese, leh Muslimte in na mêlchi peh uh a na hi a, hinnaneite pen a khang a khang a, na kikhêl gige hichi thu pen mipilte’n a na theisa uh ahi. Ahivangin, tam bang thute na thei mana’nleh uh zong tualai hun a, ngâidân leh tuotdânte na omsate leh na kitheisate toh kidêhzou lou a nahi ziehin, tuami ngaituonate leh thusimte pen na piching zou lou suoh ahi. Sâins lamsang ah suichientheina chientah, suithûhna kitûptah na omlou ahimanin, tua bang tuotdân leh ngaisutna pen na lawching thei lou ahibou hi. Lai Siengtho sunga na kigielsa mihing kisiemdân khu zong dêhzou guol na hilou hi.
Lamarck leh Khankhietzie
Jean Baptiste Lamarck(1744-1829) pen Paris khopi a Botany Professor minthang khat na hihi. Ama’n ‘Philosophic Zoologique’ laibu sungah Darwin thusim hing pien ma-in kumzalom 19 bul lam in, hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim na gen masapen ahi. Tua pen Lamarkism chiin a kithei hi. Tami thusim in hinnaneite lim leh mêl kikhêldânte( transmutation of species) hilchienna na a nei hi. Tuami thusim pen hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim kipulah masapen a suoh hi.
Lamarck gêndân in, gamléi leh buolna(environment) in hinnaneite tungah thunei nempi a nei hi, a na chi hi. Hinnanei khat in a chîn ngai khat a chîn gige a, a tahsa hieng khat a zah zing tua tahsa hieng pen kikhêlthei ahi. Tua tahsa hieng a zah gige a, ahileh, a tahsa lim leh mêl puohzie zong kikhêllamdang thei ahi. Tua banga kikhêlnate pen a hlâh a suonte tungah kipesawnthei ahi, chiin a na hil hi. Tuami tahsan hiengte a kizah mun leh tuate pen kikhêllamdangthei ahi a chi hi. Tua lou a, a kizah mun sih leh pen tuate pen hâtmaw sêmsêm in, tualeh zoi deudeu in hun sawtpi zaw chienga mangthâithei ahi, a na chi hi.
Tua bang pienzie kikhêlnate sunga pienzie lâhsawnte pen a khang a khang a chihlâhthei ahi, chi’n na gên hi. Tam bang pienzie lâhsawn (Inheritance of acquired characters ) a’ng nei chiengin a hlâh a suonte tungah a pesawn dinga a khangkhang in tam bang pienzie(trait) a neita ding uhhi, chiin na hil hi.
Gêntêna in, sangawngsâng(giraffe) ngawngtom(short-necked) khat in singkung saang a nâtâte a nêh sawm chiengin a ngawngtom khu a sâusah sawm zing dínga, a dohtou gige let dínga, a kêngte zong a kidohtou gige dínga, hun sawtpi zaw chiengin a ngawngtom leh a kêngtom pen khu ama thu in, a’ng sâuzawta díng hi, chiin a na gên hi. Sangawngsâng ngawngtom dente pen nâtâte bânpha zoulou ahimanun nêh díng mu zoulou in, a sigamta díng uhhi. A ngawngsâute pen nêh muzou ahi ziehun hlâh leh suonte tampite in tua pienzie lâhsawnte(acquired traits) a nei díng uhhi. Tuachi mabangin, gamléi leh buolna(environment) zil dungzuiin, gûlte zong a tahsa uh a sânsân na ziehun a tahsa uh sâu lawdoh ahia, singhawm suonghawm a kithothol gige zieh un, a kêngte uh a zang manta sih u’a, tuachi hun sawtpi zou chiengin a kêngte uh a mangthangta hi, a chi hi. Tuama bangin, chiâte zong léihawm, léinéi sunga busa den zing uh, ahimanun, a mit un khuo a mutheita sih uhhi. Tuivate zong tui a ngapngap ziehun, a kêngkâhte u’ah, kêng vunkibet(webbed feet) omta uhhi.
Lamarck thusim toh kizuiin mipil Pu Weismann ta bang pienzie lâhsawn pen a dih leh dihlou etkhietna dingin khang 20 tuom zu mei a na tansan hi. Tua banga khang 20 tuom zu mei a na tansan nua in zong tuami zu hlâh leh suonte’ mei pen tuntawng tuon sih a, tualeh a tom tuon sih hi. Siakhêngpa thapem gol pen sia a sâtsât na zieha thapem gol ahia, a hlâh leh suonte tuami thapem gol pen a pesawnthei tuon sih a, a lasawn thei tuom sih uhhi. Tua bangin Lamarck thusim pen a gen bangin a om gige tuon sih a, tua ziehin Lamarck thusim pen lâhtâhlou a na suohta hi.
Charles Darwin leh Khankhietzie(Evolution)
Tu kum February ni 12 ni pen Charles Robert Darwin pien kum a kum 200(zani) chin kum ahihi. Tua ziehin, leitung pumpi dínga a na pieh goumanpha; hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim (Theory of Evolution of living things) i minam sungah kitheichien leh chia ka’ng lêdoh ahi.
Charles Robert Darwin?-- (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) English hinnanei lam toh kisai mipil (naturalist) ahi.
Charles Darwin kichi hinnanei lam a mipil pen Shrewsbury, England gam ah mitêngthei mineizou innsung pan a na piengkhie ahi. Apa Dr. Robert na hia, a nu Susannah Wedgwood na hihi. Charles Darwin kum 8(giet) a phâh in a nu in a na muolliemsan hi. Anu si nua in, a pa leh a sanggam numeite’n a na enkoltou uhhi. Suohte etkol kawm in, inn nuomtah ah a na khanglien hi. Leisietsuimi(geologist) Adam Sedgwick(1785-1873) leh hinnanei lam a mipil John Stevens Henslow tegel pilna siemna mukhie in, ama ngaituonate tanpha a na tongkha(happen to influence) mama hi. John Henslow toh kipawl in, sisa hinnanei khanglui silte a na khawmton gel hi.
Kum 16 a chin kum 1825 kum in, Edinburgh, Scotland gam ah a pa’n doctor a na zilsah hi. Ahivangin, ama pen tua langah a lunglut sih hi. Tua hun laia, mi ki-âtte a mu chiengin a chimul a kilîng let hi. A peipidânte uh gum sêng a sah ziehin doctor zilna pen ngaisah lou in pen kum 1827 in a tawpsanta hi. Apa in theology zil dingin Cambridge ah kum 1828 in a na khumlut hi. Darwin pen tuipi ganhing chinguneiloute(marine invertebrates) suichien dingin Cambridge University in hinnalam pilna suidoh in a sawl hi.
Kum 1798 kum in Pu Thomas Malthus in Essay on the Principles of Population kichi laibu khat na suo hi. Ganhingte leh louhingte pen hlâh leh suon pung nuom mama hinnaneite ahi chiin na gên hi. Ama’n a hildân in, mihingte mising pen kum 25 chin chiengin, nêh leh tâhte a kitâhsap sih leh, a leni in a pung let díng uhhi, chiin a na phuong hi. Kum 1838 kum in Pu Darwin tuami laibu na sim a kuon in, thugûh khat a na theikhie hi. Tuami thu pen bang ahiei ? i chi leh, nêh leh tâhte a kiningchin pou a, nat leh sat a op si’a ahileh, hinnaneite pun huoisietdân a’ng mudoh a, a’ng theikhie hi.
Kikhêlna, kikhêllamdanna leh kihlenna khu gamlei leh buolna optan dungzuia Kihinkhawina(Natural Selection) in a lampui ahi chiin a’ng theikhie hi. Tuachiin, Kihinkhawina(Natural Selection) peidân(process) a’ng theichien dohta hi. Nêh leh tâhte muzou hinnaneite pen a dam sawt u’a, hlâh leh suon tampi nei un, a pienzie deihuoite a tâte tungah a chihlâh uhhi. Kikhêlna (i.genetic variation ii. variation )khu a kin sih a, a awl a, hun sawtpi lut ahibou hi. Khangluisuonglimte((fossils) patsa in tam thute a kitheithei hi. Khankhietzie tungtawn a lim leh kikhêllamdanna(Mutation) pen Kihinkhawina tungpan in a pieng hi.Tam banga kihinkhawite pen a pung deudeu u’a, a pienzie hoite uh a’ng tam sêmsêm a, tuachiin, hinnanei chituomte hing piengkhie uhhi. Tam bang kikhêlna khu Branching ahisihleh Speciation kichi ahi. Tam bangma in mihingte zong zawng leh ngâute(apes) patsa na pielkhie hlâh leh suonte ahi, a chi hi.
Mihing khankhietzie limlah
(Zawng leh Ngâu mihinga hing kikhêlna limlah)
Natural Selection(kihinkhawina): Amasapen in hinnaneite khankhietzie bang ahiei ? chi i theithei nadíngin Natural Selection kichi gênchien sawm va ui. Hinnaneite tungpan a chihlâhthei pienzie deihuoite(favorable heritable traits) a hlâh leh a suonte tung pansa khang tampi peizou a, khumi pienzie deihuoite hing pung leh tam sêmsêm dinmun a dinna leh chî(gene) dangdangte a’ng pien zieha pienzie deihuoiloute hing kiem suh sêmsêm khu Natural Selection kichi ahi. Tami ziehin hinnanei chikhat zâtkhat pen a’ng pung sêmsêm a, mun leh gam a’ng luodim uhhi. Gamlei leh buolna lemtan zieh leh puohzou zieha hinnaneite kihinkhawina khu Natural Selection ahi. Zohâm a Kihinkhawina chiin i minvaw díng uhhi.
Darwin; HMS Beagle têmbaw tung pan a Galápagos tuikuolgamte a khuolzinna Kum 5 vingveng HMS Beagle têmbaw tungah tuong kawikawi in Pacific ocean tuikângpi sunga om Galápagos tuikuolgam(island) tampite a va vê kuolkuolta hi.
Tuami khuolzin sungin, leisiet piendân(geology) Charles Lyell lâibu a sim suohzaw in, leisiet hing piendân, leisiet khangluidân, leisiet pienthu leh tângthu thusim tampi a’ng theikhie hi. Kumzalom 18th lai hun in leisietsiem(geologist) te’n leitung pen kum sângtul sânga khangluiza leh upazaw ahi chi pen a theikhie u’a, Bible in a gên sânga zong upazaw tham lou in, leitung pen a hun dungzuia a lim leh mêl kikhêl zêl a na hilam a theikhie uhhi. Pasienzilmite(theologians) ngaisut banga thakhatthu kikhêl ahi sih hi,chi khu a theidoh uhhi. Khangluisuonglim(fossil) tampite zong a na kitoukhedoh a, muthei dingin mun tuomtuom apatin na kisuichien zou hi. Tuachiin, suongte in khanglui lai hun a hinnaneite lim leh mêl record in na kisim hi.
Galápagos tuikuolgam khat leh tuikuolgam dangdangte tunga têng vanêzum(finch)te pen a mêl a puom uh, a tuompien chiet in a theikhie hi. Darwin vanêzum nam 13(sawm leh thum) tah a na mukhie hi. South America gam a, a mu ngaisa vanêzum chikhat hlâhte kibang sa in, lamdang a sa hi. A nêzum leh a puom uh a etkâh chiengin a tuompien sim chiet uh a mukhie hi. Gamlei leh buolna tuomtuom a, a tên zieh u’a, tuompien chiet un, kibangta lou uh, hiva chiin a um hi. Tuana vanêzumte pen nêh leh tâh sui dungzuia tuachia kikhêl hi ngêiva chiin a gingta hi. Ama’n a tuotna ah, a chîl in, tua vanêzumte pen South_America gam a hing kipan in khum tuikuolgam tuomtuom ah a na pêmlut uhhi, chiin a pom hi. Tuachia, mun tuom gam tuom a, ahing buol chiengun gamlei leh buolna dangdangte ah a’ng busata u’a, tuachiin dam leh bittah a, a hintheina dingun a mêl uh a’ng kikhêl zêl uhhi.
Khang tampi a’ng hi nua chiengin, nêh leh tâh mubaina leh mutheina díngin a chitung u’ah, mêllamdanna(variations, speciation) a’ng pieng hi. Tuachia kikhêltheite’n nêh leh tâhte kiningchingtahin a muthei u’a, hlâh leh suon tampi nei in, amaute pienzie deihuoite(favorable traits) khu a hlâh a suonte tungah chihlâh sawn uhhi. A pienzie deihuoite pen a’ng pung sêmsêm a, hun hing pei zel in, tua hinnaneite pen chi tuom zât tuom in a’ng omta uhhi. Tam bang piendân pen Natural Selection tungtawn a hing omthei ahi. Kibahlouna leh mêllamdanna na om tama nanleh zong gamlei leh buolna in a têltuom khu Kihinkhawina(Natural Selection) kichi ahi. Tuni’n tam bang mêllamdanna leh pienkikhêlna pen Adaptive radiation a kichi hi. Gamlei leh buolna in khum mêllamdanna omte lah ah,hoipen a kitêldoh hi.
Vanêzum chi tuomtuomte
Ganhingte leh louhingte lim leh mêl puohte tuomdeu leh dangdeu a mute a tuot chiengin mêltuomna(Biological Variations) “Speciation.” pen a’ng mudoh hi.
H.M.S Beagle Tembaw H.M.S Beagle’ kum 5 sung khuolzinna(1831-1836)
Tua hun sungin léisiet lam pilna tampi a na mudoh hi. Leitung a sing leh suong(vegetation) omte tampi a na mudohdânte ama’n Journal of voyage kichi laibu khat ah a mukhietteng a hilchien a, tuachiin leisiet lam toh kisai mipil tah khat in mipilte’n ama na pom uhhi. Singte(trees) leh antelouhingte(plants), Ganhingte(animals) leh gamsate(wild animals) leh khangluisuonglimte(fossils) kithêzâhdante a ngaisut chiengin Charles Darwin in chi khat apat a, chituom leh chidang puo in lim leh mêl kikhêl lamdanna bangchi kihlen/pien( transmutation of species) ahiei? chi pen a’ng tuotzaw chiengin Natural Selection Thusim(theory) kum 1838 in ama’n a na sutuo hi.
Hun sawt kuomtah tua tuikuolgamte sunga a’ng zah zou chiengin, Lai Siengthou sunga kigênsa mihing kisiemdân toh kikalthei dîng hinnaneite(mihingte) khankhietzie thusim(theory of human evolution) khat a’ng mukhie hi. Tuami pen ahileh; hinnanei zousie pen Natural Selection tungtawn a, pienna hlâhtute kibang(common ancestors) pansa hing kuondoh vive ahihi, chiin hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim(Human Evolution) khat a’ng puongdoh hi.
Tua hunlai in mihing leh hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim pen gam leh haw ah na kigen minthang zouta hi. Ahivangin, koima’n thusim thuhtah leh pansia ding a na mu sih u’a, Darwin kichi pa khat in a thusim thuhte leh pansia techite na suikhiet dungzuiin ama pen a mu masapen khat suoh ahizaw hi. Mipil dangte’n zong tam bang thusim pen na ngaisut chiet ma uh leh zong, a bul a bal, a patna a tawpna theikhen lou un, na om uhhi. Darwin in a bul a bal, a patna a tawpna a’ng khenthei chiengin thusim lamdang mama khat a’ng mukhethei hi.
Ama’n a na theikhiet leh na pulah thupipen ahileh; tu-a hinnanei chituomtuom zousie pen hlâhtu kibang sungpan a na piengdoh leh na khanglien(Evolution Of Man ) ahi ban u’ah, kum tampi kivei in, Natural selection na kichi peidân(process) khat tungtawn a na khangkhetou leh na kikhêltou zêl uh ahi.
Darwin mukhiet mihing khankhietzie(Human Evolution) thusim(theory)(Darwin's Theory Of Evolution ) in hinna(nuntàtna) chi tuomtuomte pen kum sângtul(million) hun peisa hun in amate’ hlâhtu kibangte(common ancestors) apatin hinkhawina(natural selection) tungtawn in, na khanglienzou ahi, a na chi apatsa in leitung a pil leh siemte sâintiste ngaidan leh minâutangte(common people) ngaituodân na tuomsah zou hi.
Pu Charles Darwin in kum 1858 a, thusim a giel lâiin Pu Alfred Russel Wallace in ama’a toh kisûn thusim(theory) khat a hlâh a, Darwin thusim toh a kibang mama hi. Tuazaw in amani’n a thusim gêl Journal of the Linnaean Society ah a suoton uhhi. Charles Darwin in kum 1859, November hla ni 24 ni in On the Origin of Species laibu sungah Natural Selection kichi thutengte na giel masa hi. Tuani ma in tuami laibu pen a kizua sieng pai hi. Kum 1871 kum in The_Descent_of_Man and_Selection_in_Relation_to_Sex laibu nasuo hi. Pu Herbert Spencer in kum 1851 kum in thuguitawng(phrase) ‘survival of the fittest’ kigen minthang pen na zang masapen hi. A guolpa Pu Thomas Henry Huxley(1825-1895) in tuami Darwin laibu pen a’ng sim chiengin kichien mama a sa a, ama’n a na tuottheiloudante a ngaisut chiengin, a tha na mama, pum in a mawldanpi a phuongzah hi.
Tuami thusim peidan a’ng kithêzâh bep in leitung a mipil misiemte leh minâutângte ngaituona, lungsim leh theina tampi a tongkha(influence) hi. Bangzieh a, hinnanei scientist(sâintis) khat ta banga sâintis thupite- Galileo , Isaac Newton leh Albert_Einstein te toh kikimton a kithupi ngâi ahiei? chi pen ngaituo tham ching ahi, ka chi ut hi.
Charles Darwin mukhiet hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim(theory) tam aneia bang ahi:-
Charles Darwin in Lamarck thusim(theory) pen a na pom sih hi. Ama’n ‘Origin of Species’ laibu sunga a gen thupipente khu mêllamdanna, hinna kidemna leh hlâh leh suonte tunga pienzie chihlâhna(heredity). Ganhingte hun pei dungzuin a kikhêlzou uhhi. Tuni’a ganhing I mute uh, khanglui laia toh kibanglou ahi. Khanglui lâia ganhing tampite tuni’n a gam siengta uhhi. Leisiet a om den ahisih a, a kikhêl let ahi. Khangluisuonglimte(fossils) pen têchi(evidence) hoi mama pawlkhat ahihi.
Leitung a hinnanei gamsate, ganhingte, ganingte(insects), singkung leh antelouhingte pen a hlâhtu(ancstor) kibang(common, same) patsa hing kipankhie ahi uhhi. Kum tampi kivei zouin, lim leh mêl tuomtuom chiet in a’ng kikhêl uhhi. Hinnaneite pen a’ng pun chiengun tahsa hoinate leh sildeihuoi pienzie neite bou a dam u’a, a dangte pen a sigam let hi. Pienzie neihoite bou a hing u’a, a poumaw a piengmawte pen a gam sieng let hi. Tam bang kikhêlna ziehin hinnaneite in mêl leh puom, tahsapien, sisan tuomna a na nei uh khu Branching ahisihleh Speciation kichi ahi.
(chi tuomtuomte)
(a kibang hlâhtute)
Hlâh leh suon singkung
1. Gâsuonna nempi(enormous fertility): Hinnanei zousie tup thupipen ahileh hlâh leh suon, ta leh nau nei ding, damsawt ding chi ahihi. Gâsuonna(fertility) nempi leh lamdangtah ziehin hinnaneite(Living Things-plants and animals, organisms) pen a leni in a pung zel u’a, a khang a khang in a leni sawnsawn in a mising(population) in a pung sêmsêm uhhi. Tam bang pundân pen Mângkam in geometric series(1-2-4-8-16-32-64-128--) a pung let a kichi hi. Tam banga a’ng pun chiengun, gamléi leh buolna(environment) in a puohzou lou in, nêh leh táhte muzou lou khop in a pung let uhhi. Tam pen bangchi banga piengthei ahiei chi pen tam aneia bang in a kigen hi. Hinnaneite pen hlâh leh suon neina lam ah a pung tam bai mama uhhi. Akhang akhang in kop khat khu kop ni a suoh a, kopni khu kop li a suoh a, kop li khu kop giet a suoh a, tam chiin a leni sim in a pung let hi. Manghâm in geometric series(GP) a, pung a kichi hi. Geometric series (2-4-8-16-32-64-128…). Tam banga ganhingte a pun huoisiet vangin, kihinkhawina in a phal let sih a, tampipi a sigam zel u’a, tuachiin ganhingte mising a hunbep khat in a omden hi.
Leitung a hinnanei ganhingte, singkungte leh gamsate hlâh leh suonte khu dam chietta uh henlen hlâh leh suonte nei kim kia chietta uh leh, pen leitung pumpi a luodim paita ding uhhi. Darwin tam thute pen angka(math) tuottuona zangin a khuot hi. Ama’n a mukhietdan a gielna ah hichiin a gen hi.
Darwin in hichi in na gen hi, “Sâi pen gantate lah a, hlâh leh suon neiha mama leh nei vaigei pen vawt khat ahi. Sâi nupa khat nâunei ding dan leh a pundan ding ka tuottuo chiengin a nâipen in kum 30 a chin(upat) chiengin sâipi khat in nâu(ta)neita henlen, tuachiin kum 90 a upat tandongin a tawmpen in ta 6(guh) nei tamaleh, kum 750 hun peizou chiengin tam sâi nupa patsa’n a hlâh leh suon piengkheteng dam kim chiet uhleh, pen sâi 19,000,000(sângtul 19) pha phiel díng hi” a chi hi.
2. Hinna kituna (Struggle for existence) Hinnaneite ahilouleh Ganhingte missing(census, population) pen gamléi leh buolna mun a nêh leh tâhte in a puohzoulou leh vâhzoulou chiengun, amauh leh amauh kidem(struggle, compete) leh kitu(fight for, contest) zing in a hing uhhi. “Nê inlen kinesah in’(eat and be eaten) chidan hinkhuo mangin hinnaneite a om uhhi. Hinna dei ziehin a kidem a kidou ngitnget uhhi. Kidemna chi thum a om hi;
i) Amauh leh amauh kikâl a ann, kibuhna, kibuolna, vâh leh sil dangdang kitu a kidem gige na khu innsung a kituna Intraspecific Struggle kichi ahi. Numei pasal chi bang tel tuomna tualeh neita zonna chite bang kideitelna leh kidemna chikhat ahi.
ii) Anina ah, hinnanei chikhat leh chituom kidemna leh kidouna khu Interspecific struggle kichi ahi. Gêntêna díngin, sakhi ahisihleh sazuh humpi khat in a mat sawm chienga a pîtsawm, a kituh dam khu china ahi.
iii) Gamléi leh buolna toh kidemna(Struggle with environment): Gamlei leh buolna sungah hamsatna chituomtuom a’ng tun chiengin hinnaneite’n thuoh hasa a sa mama uhhi.Gamsat, gamgaw, vot leh sat, tuilien, leitung satna leh huikhuo kikhêl ziehin hinnaneite’n gentheina tampi a tuoh uhhi. Tamte khu gamlei leh buolna toh kidemna kichi ahi.
3. Mêllamdanna leh Chihlâhna(Variation and Heredity)-
Pienna nu leh pa ahisihleh chîkhat(one species) sunga mêl leh puom tuomna, kikhêlna, kibahlouna, kilamdanna, chituomna leh mêltuomna khu Mêllamdanna kichi ahi.
Khankhietzie pientheina dingin, tam mêllamdanna khu poimaw leh kul ahihi. Tam gel tel louin hinnaneite khankhietzie piengthei lou ahi. Tam bang mêllamdanna pen chihlâh a opthei sih leh khankhietzie omthei tuon lou ahi. Tam bang pienzie lâhsawn(acquired traits)te pen chihlâhthei(heritable) ahi têi ngâi ahi. Tua bang a’ng hithei chienga khankhietzie a’ng piengthei pan ahi. Lamarck thusim kipomtheilouna pen pienzie kichhlâhthei lou zieh ahi.
4. Kihinkhawina ahilouleh Achìngpên damna(Natural Selection or Survival of the fittest):
Hinnanei tampite kidem leh kidou in a hinkhuo uh amang zel uhhi. Hinanleh, sildeihuoi pienzie neite bou a dam u’a, tuate neiloute pen a simang zel uhhi.
Nêh leh táhte(resources) muzou lou ziehin amauh leh amauh kidem in a’ng om u’a, , nêh leh táhte kitu in a kibântha zel uhhi. Tuachia a’ng op chiengun a lah u’a, a hâtpen leh a chìngpente a hing(dam) u’a, a poumaw/piengmaw/hâtmawte a sigam uhhi. Tam bang optandân pen Darwin ma-in Herbert Spencer in achìngpen kihinkhawna khu ‘survival of the fittest’ a na chi hi. Hinnaneite lah a a chìngpente’n a tahsa tunga a chiziete(genes) khu a hlâh leh suonte tungah a pesawn leh a chihlâh sawn u’a, tuachiin a khang uh a hoipien sêm hi. Tua ziehin, a chìngpen a hing/dam a, hlâh leh suon tampi a neithei uhhi.
A piengmawte pen chihlâh neilouin a si uhhi. Achíngloute leh a poumawte pen gên selouin a mangthang u’a, a sigam sieng zêl hi. Tam bang kideitêlna leh kichitelna pen Kihinkhawina(Natural Selection) kichi ahi.
5. Gamléi leh buolna kihlen zieha mêllamdanna pieng(Variations due to changing environment):
Gam leh léitang hoi mun a, hinnanei khangliente leh têngte adíngin damna leh bitna a hoi sêm a, tuachiin a pung sêmsêm thei uhhi. Gamlei leh buolna hamsatna leh gentheina a’ng tun dungzuiin hinnaneite pen in kikhêltheina pienzie a nei uh kul hi. Tuachi sih leh a dam zou sih ding u’a, a gam siengta ding uhhi.
Tuachiin a hlâh a suonte tungah a chî hoinate pesawn in, a chihlâh u’a, gamlei leh buolna in a opkhum zâl in, hinnaneite pen a khang a khang in, lim leh mêl kikhêlna nei toutuou in, kum tampi nua chiengin, a pienna kibang hinapiin, chituomtuom nam tuomtuom bangin ahing omta uhhi.
6. Origin of Species
Darwin gêndân in, hinnanei chi kibangte khu gamlei leh buolna optan dungzuia a dam chiet uh a, a kihinkhawi u’a ahileh, khang tampi kum tampi zaw chiengin tua chi kibang hinnaneite pen a hlâhtu leh a pienna nu leh pate toh a lim a mêl uh, a puom uh a kisunta sih díng u’a, tuachiin amate pen chituom zât tuom bangin a kisimta díng hi.
Kum sângtultul tungtawn a hichi bang peidân zuiin kikhêlna na pieng den ahita ziehin, hinnanei masapen; hlâhtu masapen, patsa tunia hinnanei; ganhingte leh louhingte na piengkhie ahihi. Khang tampi a’ng peizou chiengin hinnanei chi kibang luite kihinkhawina ziehin a’ng kikhenkhie zêl u’a, tuachiin chituom deu leh chitha a na lêngkhie let hi. Humpi, Tawpi, Ngêu, Gielpawl, Kâmkei, Taw-u(To-u) ganhingte in kibahna nempi nei ahi ziehun, amaute pen mêllamdanna leh kihinkhawina zieha hlâhtu kibang patsa, na kikhenkhedoh uh ahi uhhi. Tuachiin, tuniin amaute pen chituom nam(species) tuom bangin a kisimta hi.
Darwin thusim(theory) tomkim in tam aneia bang ahi.
1. Hinnaneite a’ng pun chiengun kidemna a’ng pieng a, ahivangin, a mising uh a ngaingai in a khawlden hi.
2. Kidemna a’ng op chiengin achìngpente a khinkhawina ziehin mêllamdanna leh chihlâhna a tung hi.
Achìngpente gamlei leh buolna optan dungzuiin a’ng damzou u’a pienzie deihuoite a chitung u’ah a puo u’a, tuachiin a hlâh leh a suonte uh tungah a chihlâh sawn zêl uhhi. Tuachia kum tampi a khang akhang a, a’ng kichihlâh toutou chiengun hlâhtu kibang patsa’n hinnanei chituom nam tuom a’ng piengkhie hi.
Hinnaneite khankhietzie têchite bangteng a om ei? (Evolution evidences)
Hinnaneite khankhietzie techite ganhingte khangguolna, mêlpuohdân, pienchîltui (embryology),kimatkaina(link),khangluileisietsuina(palaentology), tahsapien(physiology) leh leitung ganhingte kihawmzâhdân te tungpan in a kitheithei hi.
i) Khangguolna(Taxonomy); ganhingte a khangsimna uh, a neupen apat a lienzaw lam a ahing kiguol a, ahing kisim leh, hinnaneite pen cell khat maimai patsa cell nempi nei ganhing in a’ng kiguol toutou hi. Tam in bang a etsah e? i chi leh, ganhingte pen cell khat a pat a na piengkhie in, khankhietzie zieha ganhing cell tampi nei na suoh ahi uhhi.
ii) Mêlpuohdân(Morphology): Mihing khut, sakol kêng, bâh hla, nga ngingku, Artic seal khut-hiem leh adangdangte pen a sep(toh) díng uh kibang a na kibawl ahihi, hinanleh, gamlei leh buolna tuomtuom a, a na op zieh u’a, mêl kikim leh kibang a, na pieng lou ahi. Tam pen Homology kichi ahi. Vestigial organs kichite khanglui laiin, a panna na om ma leh zong tuchiengin a pannabei in tahsa hieng bangin a mawh omta hi. Etsahnate; sampi keme, nausen meigu, kiwi meitom, ostrich hlakui, mihing gilpeng, mihing meigu, mihing bilngêh leh adangdangte ahihi.
iii) Kimatkaina(connecting links
Tang a kimkhat reptile, a kimkhat mammal, a tui a thah vanga, mammal banga a mul nei vethou. Archaeopteryx kichi pen a kimkhat va a kimkhat reptile tuitha ganhing chikhat na hihi, reptile te apat a vate na lêngkhie ahi, chi pen kitheichienta hi.
iv) Pienchîltuisimna(embryology) patsa’n khankhietzie a kitheithei hi.
Ganhingte pienchîltui(embryo) te a upatdân a kibah laitah a, a ki-etton chiengin, a lim a mêl uh a kibang chiet u’a, khenkhietdân hasa mama hi.
v) Tahsapien(physiology): Mihing sisan group A, B, AB ahilouleh O ahithei a, A leh B group te ngâute sisan ah zong a kimuthei hi. Zawngte sisan tam bang a om sih hi. Tua ahimanin, ngâute pen mihingte natna veithei in a kithei hi. Tahsapien kibahna khu khankhietzie na pien zieh ahi. Thyroid gland te mihing leh ganhingte sa tungah a om a, tuami in tahsapien kibahna a’ng tun hi.
vi) Ganhingte kihawmzâhdân: Leitung a ganhingte mun tuom gam tuom ah a têng uhhi. Gam leh muol sâlevot kibah dungzuiin ganhingte zong kibang chiet deidoi sam hi. Gamsa gam India leh Africa gamte ah saite a om a, Brazil gam ah sai a om sih hi. Marsupial leh montreme te New Zealand leh Australia a om u’a, gam dang ah a om sih uhhi. Creataceous khang; Gondwana gambup leh Australia gambup na kikhenkhiet lai hun a, marsupialte leh monotremete a tuom in na têng u’a, chi tuom nam tuom na suoh uhhi.
vii) Khangluileisietsuina(palaentology): Khangluisuonglimte(fossils) zilna khu Palaeontology kichi ahi. Khanglui laia, ganhingte sisate suongsuoh pawlkhat khu suong tung suong sungah a kilang let uhhi. Gahing khat suong a suo chienga tua bang suodân khu Petrification kichi ahi. Petrification pen suongsuoh chithei ahi. Nidanglaia, singna, ganingte hlakui, gamsate, vate gu leh tângte, dinosal gute, vuasaite, chingpi gute leh adangdangte na kigawlching khu khangluisuonglimte(fossils) kichi ahi. Tamte patsa’n etsahna dingin sakol hing kipatna a hlâhtu masapen a’ng kitheithei a, a kikhêldânte khangluisuonglimte tungah etthei díngin a na kimudoh hi.
Tulai sakolte pen sakol bang Eohippus patsa na pielkhie dân ahi thu theichien in a om hi. Tuazawin, Mesohippus a’ng lêngkhie a, tuazouin, Merychippus a na piel a, tuachiin tunia i sakol mute uh pen Equus kichi sakol hlâhtu pansa hing pieng ahi.
Biehna leh Scientiste demna
Darwin in a thusim a’ng pulah zou a kipatin, tuami thusim demse ding scientist tampite leh biehna lam siempute tampite na om hi. Ama’n scientist khangdawngte pen a thuzawzou a, hinanleh, scientist minthang Pu Richard Owen leh leisietsiem leh hinnasuisiem(biologist); Pu Louis Agassiz te a na thuzawzou sih hi.
Church of England in a mawpai pai sih hi. Siempu pawlkhat in tuami thusim pen Lai Siengtho sunga na kigielsa Pasien updân leh Pasien thu leh la(theology) toh kikêlkî ahimanin, tua pen ginna susethei ahi chiin na nielkal uhhi. Darwin lawmte; Adam Sedgwick leh John Stevens Henslow tegel leh Charles Hodge in a pom sih uhhi. Thomas Henry Huxley in Darwin thusim pen nâhpitahin a panpi a, ama pen Darwin ‘bulldog’ chiin na kiminvaw va-iah hi. Kum 1860 kum in Oxford ah Evolution Debate khat na om hi. Tuanah, Oxford Bishop Samuel Wilberforce in na ha nielkal hi. Joseph Hooker in a na hu hi. Siempu Charles Kinsley in hinnaneite kihinkhawina Pasien silsiem vanzah khat hiva chiin a updân thu a phuong hi.
A lâibu suokhiet ‘Origin of Species’ patsa’n Lâi Siengtho bung Siemchîlbu sunga na kigielsa; Pasien in mihing na siemdân kalthei dínga ahing optâh chiengin biehna siempu tampite na buoisezâh gawp uhhi. Siemtu khat in mihing leh ganhingte na siem ahi chia, Lâi Siengtho sunga na kigielsa leh mihingte na upsa ginna pen demse dân a, a’ng optâh chiengin siempu pawlkhat in Charles Darwin pen ginsuolna bawltu (heresy) ahi chiin thâ díng mat díngin vâi a na hawm uhhi. Mihing leh silbangkim Pasien na khên,na siem leh na suhtûp ahi, chi pen biehna lamkâite’n a gên thupi uhhi. Manghâm in Intelligent Design theory a kichi hi. Thuneitu tungnungpenpa khat in silbangkim a na khên(designed) ahi chiin a gingta uhhi. Bangteng hita ma nanleh zong hinnanei kichite khu cell neunou khat a patsa hing kipan hima uh leh zong tua cell neunou pen khu Pasien siem ahi veve hi, chiin a pom thou uhhi.
Catholic Biehna in hinnaneite khankhietzie a na pomdân(Vatican view of evolution)pen Darwin thusim toh na kikal pumpâng tuon si’a, a na pom siem veve hi. Catholic Biehna Pa Pope Pius XII in kum 1950 kum in thusuobu(Encyclicals/Humani_Generis) ah, Darwin thusim tungtâng thute ngâidân a na phuongzâh hi. Tuami ahileh; Biehna in silsiemte leh hinnaneite khankhietzie suichienna leh thukupna lamsang khu mipil misiemte’n Pasien thu leh late, toh kikumkal lou a, a suichienthei nâh uh leh, tuate pen khâm ahi sih hi, chiin thuphuonna na bawl hi. Tua bân ah, mihing hing pienna toh kisai thute ah, mihing khu hinnaneite hlâhtu kibang chikhat pansa hing kuon ahi, chi toh kizuiin, upna leh ginna lam ah pen mihing hlagâu(hla) khu Pasien siem ma ahi chiin a pomkip hi. Pa Pope John Paul II(anina) in hinnaneite khankhietzie khu a dih ma ahi, chiin na gênzou hi(Catholic view of Evolution and Darwin).
Khangluileisietsuina(Paleontology): Khangluileisiet kimudohte patsa’n hinnaneite khankhietzie a kitheithei hi, chiin a kigen hi. Ahivanga, hinnaneite khankhietzie a kingaisut tahtah chiengin ganhing khat leh ganhing khat hei sung taha na kikhendoh uh ahiei? chipen mu hamsa mama hi. Nu sung pa sung khat a na kuondoh himauhleh zong bangpen a na kipetuo uh e, bangchih hun a na kikhen uh ahi uoi? Gentêna khat ah, dinosalte patsa vabang Archaeopteryx na kuondoh ahi i chitâh u’a, ahileh, tuate gel kikâl a ganhingte bang lim leh mêl a na hi diei? chi pen i ngaituo chiengin sil ngaituo hasa mama pi khat a suoh hi.
Ngâute patsa mihing hing kuondoh ahiei? (Man from Apes ?)
Mipil pawlkhatte’n khangluisuonglim kimudohte leh kitoudohte pansa’n hinnanei khankhietzie thusim pen a mân ma ahi chiin a gingta uhhi. Ahivangin, Pasien silsiem gingtate vangin, mihing khankhietzie têchite pen khangluisuonglim tuntawngte na kimudohte pou ahi; ha them, hate, pheigu(malgu) tawng pou, talpang gu halthem, khagu, khelgu pou na hihi. Hinnaneisuisiemte’n tua gu kimudohte a na suhtuotuo un, khuchiin, khanglui lâia mihing lim leh mêl toh kisun in na bawltawm uh ahi, chiin a nuol uhhi.
Tam bang gu leh tâng kimudohte pen kimkhatte zuouthu zuounâl toh na kibawl hi chiin na kitheikhie zêl hi.
Kikhêllamdanna(Mutations): Darwin thusim peipidân pen kum sângtultul lam peizaw chienga silpieng thute a gênna ahibou hi. Hinanleh, a thusim in thakhat a hinnaneite kikhêllamdanna peidân a hilchien thei sih hi. Tam bang thakhat a kikhêllamdannate(Mutations) pen a hoina lam ah a pei sih a, se lam ah a lêng hi. Bawng kineilou, ngêu mulbei, ui meineilou te pen kikhêllamdanna zieh ahihi. Tua ahimanin, Darwin thusim pen kiptah a, pomthei lou a suoh hi.
Kihinkhawina têchite(evidences)
Industrial Revolution laiin khawlte patsa’n innkîng leh leivom nempi na pawtdohte in singkungte a vomsah a, singpante a gamsah hi. Tua ziehin chithah kâng a na tawmsuh a, chithah vom na pung hi. Chithah vomte(peppered-moth, black moth) pen vâte in a muchienthei lou uh ahimanin, a pung deudeu u’a, chithah kângte(light-coloured moths) mising(population, number) pen a kiem deudeu uhhi. Tam in chithah khankhietzie leh mêllamdanna chientah in a kawmu hi. Global warming ziehin, khinkhawina optheina dingin, Japan gam ah tuikeppâte in a sex(numei ahilouleh pasal hina) uh a khêlthei uh hi.
John Gregor Mendel: Gregor Mendel, modern genetics pa pen Darwin toh khanguol a na hi uhhi. Darwin puohkhiet hinnaneite khankhietzie thusim leh Mendel genetics tamte gel kigawm in Synthetic Theory of Evolution ahisihleh Neo-Darwinism ahilouleh Modern evolutionary synthesis chiin mintha a na kivaw hi. Natural selection ziehin a damsawt leh a damsaute in hlâh leh suon tam a neithei uhhi.


text:
Kan nunnak vawlei pi hi, rawhral nak lam an panh chin
Sermi thil hna zong donghnak an phan chin
Bible nih a kan chimh bang, Nika, Thlapa, Arfi cu
An kang dih lai i vawlei cu an lo lai..
Sihmanhsehlaw kan nih zumtu hna cu
Pathian nih bia a kan kamh bantuk in
Vanthar le vawlei thar dinhnak hmun ah
Pathian umnak hmun a kan chiah piak ko
Van le vawlei cu rawk hmanhseh
Ka bia cu a rawk lai lo a hmun lai..
Van le vawlei cu hi ti-in, hrawh an si lai caah hin
Zei bantuk midah kan si awk asi
Nan nunning cu a thiang mi le
Pathian sin i pek chanh mi, nan si awh asi..
Bible nih a kan ti..
Hramthawk nak ngeimi paoh cu, donghnak an ngei dih bangin
Kan taksa pum zong donghnak an phan lai
Hramthawk nak an ngei lo mi, kan thlarau nunnak lawng hi
Zungzal a hmunmi kan si nak cu asi..


text:
Chanchinthar thenkhat :
@@@ Mizoram-a tlawmngai pawl hrang hrangtenimin a Aizawl-a \hu-khawm in tun thla ni 7 a\anga ni 9 (Darkar 7) chhung Mizoram-ah Total Bandh neih an rel chu Serchhip ah pawh a \ul anga hma lo la turin YMA Sub-Hqrs. Serchhip chu an ruat a. Hemi ang hian tukin zing dar 7:00 hian YMA Sub-Hqrs. Serchhip chuan Serchhip-a tlawm-ngai pawl hrang hrang leh Town Branch YMA President \heuh te chu YMA Sub-Hqrs. Office-ah kokhawmin he Total Bandh neih ve dan tur hi an sawiho ang.
Volleyball zofel dawn
@@@ Serchhip Chanmari Volleyball Club buatsaih R. Rengbuaia, F. Zo-liana leh H. Lalngaihawma te hriat-rengna atana buatsaih Serchhip District huap Volleyball Tournament chu Vawiin chawhnu dar 2:00 hian Chanmari Volleyball Court-ah Final khelh a ni dawn ta a, Final ah hian S. Chanmari Volleyball Club hnehtu New Serchhip (Yellow) leh S. Veng-chung Volleyball Club hnehtu Ser-chhip Chhim Veng te an intum ang.
MPF in \an la turin ngen
@@@@MPF Serchhip District Forum chuan April ni 9, 2014 a Mizoram Lok Sabha MP leh Hrangturzo Assembly Constituency Bye-Election neih turah inthlanna thianghlim, dik leh felfai a awm theihnan Political Party tin te \an la turin an ngen
@@@ Mizoram Educational Foundation (MEF) chuan nimin April 4, 2014 khan Aizawl-ah I&PR Auditorium-ah General Conference leh Seminar an nei a. Mizoram Educational Foundation hi kum 2004 a\ang khan mumal taka kalin Education-a tui mite telna a ni a, tunah hian Annual Member 41 leh Life Member 9 an awm mek a ni. He hunah hian Rash-triya Uchhatar Shikshka Abhiyan (RUSA) zirho a ni a, RUSA hian a \ha thei bera zirna sang zawka phu ngeite mi tam zawk luh theih nan lang-tlang, rintlak leh chhawrnaawma kal-pui a tum a ni.
Inthlanpui atan inpeihkhat
@@@ Kolasib District-ah chuan MP inthlanpui nei turin inbuatsaihna peih thawkhat a ni ta a. Ruahman lawk ang chuan naktuk, April 6, 2014 zing dar 6:00-ah Polling party te kalna tur tihchianna randomization neih a ni anga, chhun dar 12:00-ah inthlanna hmanrua te lakchhuah a ni ang. April 7 (Thawh\anni) ah Polling party 9, hmun hlaa duty turte chuan EVM la chhuakin an duty na an pan ang a, a tuk April 8th ah Polling party 68 ten an duty na an pan leh dawn a ni.
@@@ Hetihlai hian Lunglei District-ah pawh Polling Party-te final randomization chu nimin khan neih a ni bawk a, Vawiin hian Polling Party te kalna tur hi tihchhuah tur niin Polling Party te hian an bungrua te an lakchhuak nghal dawn bawk a, Polling Party chhuak hmasa ber tur 16 te chu naktuk zing dar 8:00-ah an chhuak ang.
MPF in candidate kawm
@@@ Mizoram People Forum (MPF) Gen. Hqrs. chuan nimin khan Lok Sabha inthlanpui neih tura Candidate te chu kokhawmin Mizoram tana hmalak an tum dan hrang hrang an sawipui.


text:
Hetia ngaih mai chuan a Kristian hle mai a, mahse, a Taliban khawp mai. Synod Khawmpui palai rilru fim rualin an paihthla ta a, mualpho kan pumpelh chu a ni ber e.
Pathianniah dawr hawn a ni ngai lo, Aizawl khawpui chu Pathianni chuan a reh ruih a, a reh ruih tur pawh a ni reng. Kristian ram a ni a, inkhawm ni a nih tlat vang a ni.
Mahse, khawvel a danglam zo tawh. Tun hma ang a ni tawh lo, Aizawl khawpui hi thingtlang a ni tawh bawk hek lo. Pathianni chu inkhawmna ni ni lovin chawlhhahdam ni atan mi tam takin an hmang tawh zawkah a ngaih theih.
Pathianni chu holiday chi khatah kan ngai tawh niin a lang. Tizawng hian a sawi theih ang, chhungte tlawh ni, len ni leh mithi ralna hun, a tul dan apianga hunawl kan hnawhkhahna hun a ni mai awm e.
Pathianni serh luat avang hian Aizawl khawpui-a taxi leh bus tlan thinte hi ding ta vek mai sela chuan veng danga mitthi ral tur tam tak kan buai ang a, damlo kan tur tam tak kan kan loh phah bawk ang. Pathian lawm zawng ber hi Pathianni-a biak ina nalh taka inkhawm kim thap a nih chuan a tha e. Mahse, damlo mangang kan te, lusun khawhar hnemte hi thenkhat tan chuan rawngbawlna ropui zawk a lo ni awmin an sawi thin a, a lo dik viau mai thei asin.
Pathianni kan serh danah hian tih luat kan nei. Inkhawm bang pawhin sikret leh kuhva ilo kan ei duh tho na-in veng tam berah Pathianni-a dawr hawn khap a ni. Kan khap chhan hi eng dang vang ni lovin khawvel mithmuha mawi kan duhna, Mizote, kan veng mipuite chu Pathianni chuan kan inkhawm vek thin tia lantir kan tumna mai a ni. Dawr an hawn loh pawhin mahni ina kuhva neite chu inkhawm bangin kan dawr tho. Dawr hawng tur awm lo khawpa kan inkhawm fai vek a nih chuan a tha e. Mahse, kan inkhawm a, lan mawi leh zual kan duh avanga kan venga dawr hawn kan khap hi chu kan ngaihdan midang kan barhlui (imposed) tihna mai chauh a ni. Kristian thatna leh Pathianni serh that lam a kawk lem lo.
Aizawl veng thenkhatah chuan inhlawhfaa Pathianni-a motor sil an khap tlat. Mahni motor sil erawh chu an phal a, a sil man (tui hman man) erawh chu chawi tho a ngai a ni.
Kristian ram kan nih vanga Pathianni hi serhta viau kan ni em? Chu chu zawhna lian tak a ni. Chu nge ni a, kan ram a la changkan tawk loh vanga Pathianni hi serh kan ni zawk.
Mizoram chu sorkar hnathawk tamna ram a ni a, sorkar hnathawkte a innghat kan ni. Pathianni chu holiday a nih vangin dawr kan khar phah zawk pawh a ni mahna le.
Mizoram hi tun aiin changkang tawh se chu thalai tam zawk te hi chu kan inkhawm tam lo telh telh a rinawm. A thenin zan lamah kan thawk ang a, a then chhun lamah kan thawk ang a, weekend leh holiday tih vel lohah chuan kan inhmu reng theih loh hun a la thleng ngei ang. Chutih hunah chuan Kohhran function hrang hrang bakah thalai pual inkhawm hrang hrang ang te hi chu kan chhunzawm reng theiin a rinawm loh. Chu hun chu hmasawnna kan zawh ve tak tak hun tur ni mah se, eng emaw zawng tak erawh chuan a huphurh awm hle thung.
Mahse, kan hmabak erawh a ni miau si, engtia hmachhawn tur nge ni ang tih lam hi rilruah ngaihtuah tel a tha hle ngei ang. Hnathawk tam ram apiang a changkang a, an hausa a. Mahse sakhua erawh an ngaihsak reng hman si lo. He dinhmun hi kan duh emaw duh lo emaw tun atanga reilotea kan hmachhawn tur chu a ni.
Aizawl khawpuiah ngat phei chuan |halai Pawl a inhmang takte hi an tlem tial tial tawh a. Aizawl vengtinah a kul ataia inhmang chu sorkar hnathawk anni tlangpui zawk a, sorkar hnathawk lo inhmang tak chu an tlem zawkah a ngaih theih ang.
Hmasawnna Leh Kristianna
Tun hma chuan Pathianni chaw hma inkhawm loh ringawt pawh sual lianpuia ngaih a ni. Tunah erawh a ni tawh lo, veng tinah Kohhran member zingah Pathianni chawhma inkhawm thin aiin inkhawmlo an tam mah zawk awm e.
Mizoram kohhran te ti kohhrantu chu |halaite anni ngat ang. Mahse, inkhawm chungchangah pawh a kum telin kan tlahniam. Presbyterian Kohhran hnuaiah KTP member 1,17, 614 an awm a. Chu’ng mite chu kohhran kut leh ke te ber anni. Hman ata tawh vawiin thlengin Church Culture chuan Mizo te nunah thu nasa takin a la sawi.
KTP bik mal thlurta ila, kum 2007 a rampuma thawhtan zan inkhawm zat chu 32.70% a ni a. Hei hi Thawhtan zan inkhawm chauh a ni a. Kohhran Inkhawm pangngaiah hian hei ai hian inkhawm hi thalaite hian an la tel tlem leh zual a. Kohhran tam takah chuan, Nilai zan, Inrinni zan leh Pathianni chawhnu Inkhawmte hian Thalai inkhawm tur an hmu mang ngai lo a ni.
Inkhawm dinhmun lamah pawh a tla hniam nasa zual a. Kum 2007 khan inkhawm percentage chu 34.70 % a ni a. 1.5% in a tla hniam tihna a nih. Kum hmasa lam a inkhawm thin ai atang khan mi 1764.21 chu an inkhawm zui tawh lo tihna a ni.
32.70% hi chu inkhawm tha a ni mawlh lo a, 67.3 % hi inkhawm ngaihsak lem lo an nih chuan dinhmun tha tak a ni lem lo a. Mizo pangngai hi Kristian vekah kan inchhiar lawi bawk si.
Thalai tam tak chuan thawhtan zan inkhawm hi an bansan titih tawh. Chu chu tlema a changkang deuha inngai leh hnathawkte anni tlangpui bawk. Tam tak erawh an peih loh vang hrim hrim a ni bawk.
Mizo te hi huhova thil tih nuam titak, puipun leh huau huau thil uar tak kan ni. Hei hian kan Kristiana ah pawh nghawng thui tak a nei a. A huhova awm lai leh huhova thil tih lai chuan Kristian tha tak kan nih hmel vek mai. Chutih rual chuan, huho nun kan pelh hun a ringtu tha nih chu a har fo thin. Huhova Pathian kan biak tam angin mimal in Pathian hi kan be tam tawk lo te pawh a ni thei.
Kar khat chhunga biakin inkhawm ngah ber pawl kan ni awm asin. Kohhran leh khawtlang a inhmang deuh tan chuan hunawl hi a awm meuh lo. A kum telin, inkhawm kan neih tam ang huin inkhawm erawh kan tlem tual tual emaw tih mai tur ani. Sunday chawhnu leh Nilaizan inkhawm ngat phei chu a peih fal deuh bak an inkhawm tawh meuh lo. Kohhran member 800 vel neihnah mi 50 vel heng zan hian an inkhawm ang lo mai thei.
Thalai zingah pawh hna rim taka thawkte chuan |halai puala inkhawmte chu thil theihloh tluk a ni. Indem theih a ni lova, a Kristian lo, tiin kan sawi ngawt thei hek lo.
Mizoram ah chuan Khawmpui lian kan buatsaiha chumi urlawknan chuan khawmpui te nau deuh kan han nei a, chumi inbuatsaihnan thla khat dawn dawn hla zir tih vel a ngai ziah bawk.
Thawhtan zan tin deuhthaw Branch tinin hla zirna hun atan an hmang thin a. Chumai a la ni lo, Bial zaipawl kan la nei a, inneih inkhawma zai leh khawmpui eng ilo thlena zaina tur neuh neuh pawh atam narawh. Kan hunawl neih ang ang hi kan hmang vek a ni a tih theih awm e.
Inkhawm tam lutuk hi kan tlin lo vat dawn ni te pawhin a lang. Chutihrual erawh chuan Kohhran leh a thiltih hrim hrim chu sual lo thei lova ngaihna leh sawisel hreh em em vek kan ni thung. Kan lungawilohna a awm a ni emaw kan ngaihdan nilo a awm a nih pawhin Kohhran thu leh hla chu langsar taka hnial ngam kan awm meuh lo.


text:
District Transport Office, Aizawl in an chhinchhiah danin May thla thleng khan Aizawl district-ah mimal leh sawrkar lirthei chi hrang hrang 1,12,319 a awm a, heng zingah hian Two wheeler chu 70,048 awmin a tam ber a, Maruti Car/Van in dawtin 12,308 a awm mek.
Transport department chhinchhiah danin mimal lirthei bik hi May thla thleng khan 1,05,170 a awm a, heng zingah hian two wheeler chu tam lawr lakin 68,803 a awm a, Maruti Car/Van chuan dawtin 12,006 a awm thung a, local taxi chu lirthei tam lamah pathumna niin 6822 a awm a ni.
Thla tina lirthei register thar zingah lirthei ke hnih nei chi a tam ber a, May thla khan 664 register a ni a, Maruti car 80 chuang register niin a dang erawh chu 35 hnuai lam vek register a ni thung.
Sawrkar motor zingah pawh two wheeler chu tam ber niin Jeep/Bolero in dawtin 1,481 a awm a, Gypsy 1,269 a awm bawk.


text:
Kan thiannu pakhat hian a ngaihzawng thar leh an buaina chanchinte min hrilh mawlh mawlh a. Ngaihzawng duh deuh a nei thin a, mahse chhungkaw inhmuh thiam lohna avangin inthlahlel em em chung chuan an inthen ta a, a hnu kum khat velah chuan mipa pakhat hi a tawng leh a, chu chu a chhungte pawhin an duhpui em em a, a ni pawhin a duh ve em em. Kum lamah pawh pasal neih hun tak a ni a, kum thum vel inzuia pasala neih mai a duh , mahse chutia in hmangaih taka an inkawm lai chuan zankhat chu nasa takin an buai ta a.
A zungbun bun leh a thi awrh chu tu pek nge tih a bialpa chuan a zawh chuan a ni chuan tha takin a ngaihzawng hmasa pek a nih thuin a chhang a. Chu veleh a ngaihzawng hmel chu a rawn dur khuih khuih mai a, a rang a ranga la thla turin a hrilh ta a, tin, a ngaihzawng hmasa thil a kawl thil engpawh chu dah bo turin a hrilh ta nghal a. Kan thiannu chuan chutia dahbo kher a ngai em ni ? tiin a chhang a, a bialpa chuan "I dahbo loh chuan i thu thu a ni e", a ti ta hmuk a. Chutah kan thiannu chuan a bialpa duhdan ang chuan a dahbo ta hlawm a. A hnuah chuan hlim takin an khawsa dun leh thei ta a.
Keini pawh hmanah chuan setana ta kan ni thin a, setana nen pumkhat kan ni. Mahse Pathian khawngaihna a vangin piangtharin Lal leh chhandamtuah Lal Isua kan thlang tawh. Lal Isua hlim taka kan biak lai hian heng kan ngaihzawng hmasa setana thuam kan la chhawmte hi Lal Isua hian engtin nge a ngaih ang ?
Kan T-shirt ngainat zawng ruhro lem leh thu tha lo pui pui inziakrangte, kan music duhzawng ni thin Pathian fakna tel miah lo leh setana fakna hlate, tharum thawhna leh mipat hmeichhiatna hman khawloh leh ruihhlo ti tura in zirtirna hlate hi kan ngaihzawng hmasain min pek kha a ni a, hengte hi kan la chhawm zel dawn em ? Tin, a thil pek kan la chhawm thenkhat dang sum ngainatte, chaponate, dawtte, zu leh ruihhlo leh a dangte.. hengte hi setana thuam kan chhawm kha a la ni zel a, Lal Isua nen pumkhat kan nih hnu hian heng thil hi chu Lal Isua hian amah nena kan inkarah hian lakluh a phal tawh lo a ni. Dahbo vek turin min ti a ni, vawiin atang hian Lal Isua kan hmangaih a ni tih kan lantir nan setana thil kan chhawmte i dahbo ang tawh ang u.