text:
* OKUNOONYEREZA OKW’OKUBIRI:
OKUKYUUSA MUKYAMALA OKUSALIBWA-AWO NE ILIMU YA KATONDA.
Muganda wange omusiraamu, kimanye nti mazima ebitabo bya Hadiith ebikulu eri abashia byo biri bina, ekisooka mubyo bakiyita Al Kaafi ekyatungibwa ne thiqatul Islaamu AL Kulaini yafa nga (329 H) okwo nekuddako ekitabo kyebayita mani laya Hudhuruhul Faqiih ekya Sheikh Swaduuq yafa nga (381 H) nebaz-zaako AL Isitibuswaar ne Tahadhiibu nga byombiriri bwakubibwa ne Sheikh Tuuse yafa nga (460 H) ebitabo ebyo biyitibwa nti Al Osuulu al aruba-a.
Abashia tebatunuulira nti kyekiriwa ekisinga obutuufu mubyo oluvannyuma lw’ekitabo kya katonda omugu-lumivu. Okwawukanako kubannaffe abalala mu swahiih bukhar ne Musilimu nga bwekirabika eri oyo eyagoberera ebigambo by’abwe ebikadde n’ebipya, kimala bumazi okubeera nti babiyita “Sswihaah” kikujje kukuyitiriza kwaabwe mu Swahiihaini.
Okugeza nga Zahabi, Assirikhusiiyyi, Ibin Taimiyya Ibin Swalaahi, b’ayasanguza nti mazima ebisangibwa muswahiihaini bitegeeza mazima, kashimiiri ekyo yaky’ogera mu faidhul Baari ku Sahiihil Bukhaar wansi w’omutwe ogugamba nti: Ekiga mbo ekikakasa nti khabaru za Swahiihain zitegeeza mazima nakumatira)).
Era yagamba nti: kimanye nti mazima abama nyi b’egatta nti Bukhaare ne musirimu ntuufu.[1]
Twesanga Ibin Khaluduuni nga agamba mu taree kheye nti abamanyi b’egatta nebasalawo okukolera ku Swaheeh ezo ebbiri n’ebizirimu nga ba weereza ekibiina ky’obusiraamu, bweyamala n’agamba nti: ((mukwegatta mulimu okweekuuma okunene n’okweerinda okusinga obunene))[2] nga ayagala mwe kyo kujjawo kigambo kyonna ekyawukana kw’ekyo eky’okwegatta kw’abamanyi bonna!
Ate mu kitabo omudatul Qaari-u (Abamanyi be buvanjuba n’ebugwanjuba b’egatta ekitegeeza abamanyi b’obusunni) nti oluvannyuma lw’ekitabo ky’akatonda tewali kikiddirira mubutuufu nga swahiihaini Al Bukhaare ne musilimu[3]. Omuntu singa asoma munnyanyula ya fati-hul b’ari,[4] ne omudatul Qarriu[5], Irishad Ssaari,[6] Wafaaya-atil A-eyaani[7], Swahiih Muslim kushareh ya Nawawee[8], kashifu Zzuunu[9] ajja kusanga mubyo okukkaanya kw’a-bamanyi abasunni kunsonga eyo, wabula n’abavvuunuzi b’abukha are begatta kunsonga eyo nebavvuunula ekitabokye nti mazima ye yagamba nti: kino ekitabo nkitunze mu Hadiith mitwaalo abiri nga zonna ntuufu ((Swahiihi)) ate nga nezendese nga ntuufu mpitirivu...!!.
Ekyennyume ky’ekyo tusanga abashia abakadde n’ab’omulembe guno nga b’ayimirira ennyimirira ey’obwenkanya mubitabo ebina nga n’ekisooka mubyo kyekitabo Alkaafi okutandiikira ku Sheikh Swaduuq mukitabo kye mani la yahudharuhul Faqiih omulyango gwa abasajja ababiri nga balaamirwa okusikira omufu bombiriri naye buli omunga adduka n’ekitundu ky’ebintu by’omufu[10], n’omulyango gw’okusiiba kwa sunna nempe-era zaakwo[11] ne sheikh Mufiidu munnyanukula z’aba Ahalul Mawusil fil adad wa Rru-uya[12], Neseyyidi Sshariifu Murutadha fi Jawabaatil Masaa-el Rrassiyya[13], ne mu Jawaabaatil masa-el Atrabolisiyyaat th-thalith[14] ne Tarabo-siyyat[15] ne Attabanniyyaat[16] n’abalala abajja oluvannyuma lwaabwe mu bamanyi b’ashia n’okutuusa kulunaku lwaffe luno.
Mubutuufu bannyonyola ennyimirira yaabwe nga teriimu bukwakkulizo bwa kwe kubira kuludda lwa Hadiith ezirimu kaafi nendala mubitabo byabwe ebya Hadiith. Era tewali n’omu mubo ey’abuuka ekikomo n’aziyita oba n’abiyita erinnya eritali lyaabyo kubanga mu Qaamuusi ya abashia temuli kitabo kigambanti tekibeeramu bukyaamu mumaaso n’emabega waakyo okujjako ekitabo kya katonda ow’ekitiibwa ekyokimala, ate teri n’omu mubo eyagamba nti Hadiith eziri mukitabo al Kaafi n’omu mubo eyagamba nti Hadiith eziri mukitabo al kaafi zonna ntuufu njereere, era tewali bamanyi b’egatta nebagamba nti buli konna akali mubitabo ebyo katuufu. Ai, katonda okujjako nga tujjeemu netujjululamu abanahadiith nga Astiraabaad kyeya kola nga an’oonya okufuula Haddith za kaafi zonna nti amakubo g’azo gonna g’amazima kulweebyo byeyesigamirako nga ate tebikwa-tagana n’abo ab’aliwo kumulembegwe n’abaddawo oluvannyumalwe, kimala okubeera nga abana Hadiith ab’asembayo b’agaana ekigambokye ne sheikh wa abana khabari miriza Nnuuri mu mustadirik al-wasa-el[17], kyekyo, ne kulain (qs) teyagambako mulwaatu nti Hadiith z’akaffi zonna ntuufu, nga Buhaar bweyakola n’gamba nti Had-diith zonna eziri mukitabokye ntuufunjereere. N’abasunni nebamugoberera kunsonga eyo okutuusa bonna lwebe-egatta kunsonga eyo nebakakasa nga bwetugambye okusooka.
Ekyo bw’obeera nga okitegedde, kati manya nti abamu b’akakasa okusirika kw’abashia ab’omulemba guno ku nsobi z’abamayi ab’asooka, wabula era b’agezaako okujja wo ensobi ezo nga zikakasa obukaafiiri nga Riwayaati z’okukyuusa mukitabo al kaa’fi ekya kulaini, ngabeebuza nti: Eyo gy’eri obuusabuusa kwonna mubukaafiiri bwomu ntu oyo ayogera ebyakyuusibwa nga ate katonda omu gulumivu agamba nti: [mazima ffe twassa Qur’an era mazima ffe ab’okugikuuma][18]?
Ngamba nti: mazima okutegeera ensobi – bwekubeera tekuvudde kubugenderevu – mu kitabo kyonna mubitabo by’obuwangwa ebyesigibwa abasiraamu bonna mu madhi-hibu g’abwe gonna am’awukamu tekukome ekkerezebwa nakukaafuwaza mutunzi wa kitabo ekyo. Wabula ekibeera ekirungi kumujjukiza nakumulaga nsobiiye abeere nga agy’ewala.
Naye singa ensobi eyo eva kukugenderera kwa mutunzi wa kitabo ekyo, awo ensonga eyawukana, nga kisinziira kungeri yansobi n’obunene bwaayo n’ekigero ky’obubi bw’ayo mubantu, ne mwebyo byonna mulimu okute-ekulula kimu kukimu.
Singa kitwaalibwa nti ensonbi eyo eri mubintu ebika-kasa kumuntu oku va mubusiraamu, nannyiniyo n’aki-manya naye n’agiremerako, wano okulamulwaakwe teku-linga okulamulwa kw’oyo atabuddwa oba omugayaavu, oba ey’erabidde, n’oyo akakiddwa waddenga tekibadde bwekityo mubutuufu bw’akyo naye nga agambyebwatyo era nekikkirizibwa nabwekityo n’atalamulwa nti avudde mubusiraamu era omusaayigwe negutayuyibwa. Kulwe-kyo ekyakakata wakati mubasiraamu bonna mukujjawo eteeka ly’bintu ebyo byonna, ntegeezaamu: ekigambo ky’omubaka w’akatonda (saw) ekigamba nti: ((Ebintu mwenda byajjibwa kukibiina kyange: Ensobi, okwerabira, n’ekyo kyebakakibwa kukyo, nekyebatasobola nekyebata-manyi, nekyebatwaalirizibwa kukyo, nensaalwa n’okwe-kwaasa obunyonyi, n’okulowookeza muwasiwaasi okuli muddookooli nga tekwatuddwa nakamwa)).[19]
Ekyo kibeerawo nga ekyennyume ky’akyo tekikakase, bwekikakata awo batunula mubusiraamu bw’omuntu nga tannaba kuva mubwo.
Abaffe kuvudde kubutonde, olwo asobole okuttibwa nga tasoose kwenenya?. Kulwa Hadiith egamba nti: ((omuntu bw’akyuusa eddiiniye mumutte)).
Oba okukaafawala kuvudde kuddini nga yali mu kaafiiri okusooka ate n’asiramuka bweyamala ate naddayo mubukaafiiri, olwo asobole okulagirwa yenenye, singa y’enenya kiba kyekyo, bwekitabeera ekyo awo alina kuttibwa oluvannyuma lw’okukutuka ku kwenenyaakwe.
Nabuli mungeri yonna, omuntu akakasa okujjawo okubuusabuusa mu kukaafuwaza abamanyi nga asinziira kulwakugamba kigambo ky’abwe nti Qur’an yakyuusi bwa, oyo bwatyo kyamala okukakata gyetuli obusirubwe awatali kimweyongerako, ekitegeeza oyo mukusooka yali nga talina bwesigwa ku Qur’an, wadde fiqihya abasiraamu, wadde n’ebitabo bya hadiith, wadde entambula y’ebyafaayo bya bakulu b’amadhihibu n’abamanyi b’obusiraamu mukukolagana n’ekyo eky’oge-ddwa, bwekibeera tewabeera kukakasa mubyakakasa, okusinziira ku Hadiith eyogeddwa, eyagamba okujjawo ebintu mwenda kubantu nga mwemuli, (Ekyo kyeba-tamanyi).
Mazima abamanyi b’obushia ba Imaamiyya, b’egatta kuky’okukaafuwaza abamu kubaali baswahaba ba balmaamu (as) nga Abil Khattwaab ne baswahababe ekikolimo kya katonda kibeere kubo, nebateeka erinnya lya ((Al’kazzabu)) ku Ja-afar Ibin Imaamu al Hady (as) awamunti nti mwaana wa Imaamu ate muganda wa Imaamu era taata omuto ow’a Imaamu mu ba Imaamu ba Ahalul bait (as). Bo tebatya katonda mukunenye zebwa kwonna okubeera nti balimbisa omulimba yenna n’oku-kolima omubuze yenna eyakaafuwala, wabula baka-afuwaza buliyenna abeera mumuteekao ogwo, ky’ova olaba nti bakaafuwaza nebakolimira omuntu gweya-fulumya bukhaare musahiihiyeHadiith ekkiriza okwa-mbala Hariiri, ntegeezaamu Imraani bin Huttwaani assaduusi omuyimbi waba Khawaariji oyo eyasikiriza Abudu Rrahmaani bin Mulijim okukolimira kwa katonda kubeere kuye okubeera nga atta Ali (as), mukayimbake akagambanti: ye owange ggwe olukuba olw’akubibwa n’omutya wa katonda teyagenderera mulwo okujjako okutuukiriza eri nannyini Namulondo abeere nga asiima.
Kyokka nga talaba omuntu omulwaanirirako kuludda olulala era nga ajjulula okuva ku Ajali n’omulala okumu-kakasa[20]!!!
Abaffe obwenkanya bwagendawa?! Ate kiki ekyasi gaz’awo ekyo ekya zuukawo?! era ani eyasirika kubu-kyaamu. Era ani amulwaanirirako muffe?
Amaasogo gali gatya ggwe atalaba biganyyiiza nga ate biri kungulu, naye ate n’olaba ekigeekweeseeko mubiga-nyiiza munda.
Okwemuluguunya munsibuko y’okuwubisibwa n’oku nyweeza okutabanguka mubujulizi bwabwe:
Ekyo kyekyo, naye ate bwetudda kunsibuko y’okubu-zibwa buzibwa, tetusanga bukakafu bwa kwo mukitabo kya kaafi mungeri ekakasa nti ddala kirimu okukyuusibwa kyuusibwaeri kulaini, ekyo kijulirwaako nti abawa obujulizi nti amadhihibu g’athiqatul Islaamu kwekukyuusa beekwaata ku nsonga bbiri:
Ensonga esooka: Riwaaya ya Kulaini ku Riwaayaat z’okukyuusa.
Nannyini kwemuluguunga okwo yakakasa nti mazima Kulain yayogera Riwaayaat nga ziri mumakulu ago kyokka n’atanonooza mubukyaamu bw’azo.
Okutunula muhujja esooka:
Kimanye nti okwanukula kwa hujja yaabwe esooka kuli mu al Kaafi mwennyini, awamu n’okujjukiza nti ffe tetukkiriza nti Kulaini yayogera mulwaatu nga eri mumakulu ago okujjako mu Riwaaya emu gyeyayogera mumulyango gwa nawaadiri, naye ezisigaddeyo tezirina-ako bukakafu bulaga nti ziri mukikunsu kya kukyuusibwa biibino mubujjuvu:
Riwaaya eyo gyebaayogerako obubi mu al Kaafi n’emubushia, yeyayogerwa mu baabu Nnawaadiri mu al osuulul Kaafi 2: 463/28 nga eva ku Abi Abdillah (as) yagamba nti: ((mazima Qur’an eyo giburiiru gyeyajja nayo (as) eri Muhammadi (saw) erimu Aya mutwaalo gumu mu kasanvu)).
Nga tubisse kumaaso kunsonga z’okutunula mu b’agy’ogera (SANAD), tugamba nti teyafulumira okujjako mukkubo limu era mu kaafi mwokka sosimubi tabo byonna ebya hadiith kuludda lw’abashia ekitegeeza nti ari mumuteeko gw’a Hadiith eziyi tibwa Ahaadi, nga bwekiri nti yafulumizibwa mu mulyango gwa Nawaadiri, ate nga naddir ebeera nga yeyawula tekolerwaako, Imaamu Swaadiq (as) yagamba lwaatu mu al kaafi yennyini nti Hadiith eri Shaadh erekebwe era sinjatiiki rivu, era teyegattibwaako. Kubanga eyegattibwaako teriimu kubu-usa buusa muyo[21] ekyo kitegeeza nti kulaini (qs) yali kubunnyonyofu nga bujjuvu mukwaawula Riwaaya eyo. Kubanga ye mwennyini yeya giteeka mu muteeko gwa Nawaadiri, era ye mwennyini yeyayogera Hadiith eragira okuleka hadiith eri shaaz-Nnaadir, kati kijja kitya mumagezi oluvannyuma lw’ekyo okugamba nti yagik-kiriza nti ntuufu?!
Ekyo bwekigattibwa kukyasoose nti teri ya gambako nti ntuufu mukufulumizibwa kwaayo muhadiith za al Kaafi, n’obutaatuza mulwaatu eri kulain era nga teyajulira kubutuufu bwaayo wa dde kubyonna ebiri mukitabokye, awamu ne byeyayogera mumateeka gokwawula khabar entuufu kundala nga mulyango mulamba mu miryango gya osuulul Kaafi, yayogereramu Hadiith kumi nabbiri kulw’oku manya amateeka ago.[22]
N’ezisinga obulungi muzo zezikwaatagana n’amateeka g’ekitabo eky’ekitiibwa, nesunnah ennyweevu. Obukakafu bwennyimirira ya Kulain bw’amanyibwa mu Hadiith za Ahaad annaadira eziri Shaaza ezo ezitaaliin’anyisi bwa nakawaayiro k’amagezi ob’a obuwandiike bwonna awamu n’okwawukana kukwegatta kwa abashia ba Imaamiyya kukujjawo okujjawo okukyuusibwa mu Qur’an entukuvu okujjirawo ddala kwennyini nga bwe kisangibwa lw’atu mubigambo bwa Sheikh Swaduuq (yf mwaka 381H), ne Sheikh Mufiid (yf mwak 413), ne Seyyid murutadh (yf mwaka 436 H), ne Sheikh Tuusi (yf mwaka 460), n’abalala bangi nnyo mubamanyi be twa-efa neba Sheikh b’ayo nga Allaamah Sseyyidi Ali al Miilaan bweya basengeka mukitabokye (Attahaqiiq fi Nafuyi ttahariifu anil Qur’an Sshariifu)).
Naye kiyinzika okugambibwa nti: Endowooza ya kulaini bwebeera nga bwemgambye kuludda lwa Haddith eyo kati kiki kyeyayogera?! Ye abaffe waliyo omugaso mukwoogera Hadiith ennimbise?!
Okwanukula: Ffe tetukkiriza nti Hadiith eyo mu al Kaafi yali munjogera eyo yennyini egamba (omutwaalo ogumumukasanva) eri kulaini, wabula ekirabika kungulu kyakugikyuusaa mu nga kiva ku musanguzi, n’ekituufu nga bwekiri mubimu kubitabo eby’esigamirwaako (Aya kasanvu) neki beera nti eyasangulawo khabaru eyo yato-ngoza omuwendo gwa (kasanvu) n’awandiika mukifo kyaayo (Aya mutwaalo gumu kasanvu).
Obukakafu kunsonga eyo kwekubeera nti abamanyi b’obushia, n’abamanyi ba sunni bajjulula Hadiith eyo okuva ku al kaafi mu sanadi ne matin nga egamba ((Aya kasanvu)).
Kati olabiraddala nga waliwo enjawulo y’alwaatu mukugwaawo okwaawukana mu kitabo al Kaafi naddala kunsonga eyo yokka ne mubigambo biri byennyini, awamu n’okwaawukana kw’ekitabo kya al Kaafu naddala mu kifo eky’ogeddwa kati tewasigala kyakwekwaasa ku kintu ekyaawukana ku kulain(qs) mukubeera nti ya leka shaazi Nnaadir etali mashuhuuru n’abeera nti yatwaala gyebeegattako nga kulian bweyakyanjuluza.
Abantu abajulula omuwendo ogugamba akasanvu nga babijja ku al kaafu b’ebano:
1 – Al Muhaqqiqil Faidhil Kashaan (yf 1041H).[23]
2 – musa Jaarullah atturkusttan (yf 1369 H).[24]
3 – Abdullah bin Ali al Qaswiimi al Wahaabee.[25]
4 – Abu Zuhurah (yf 1394)[26]
5 – Addakituur Al Wahaabi Ahmad Muhammad Ahmad Jaliiyyi.[27]
6 – ihisaani Ilaahi Zahiiri.[28]
Okwegatta kw’abo bwekugaana okukakata kukubeerawo kwensonga eyo nga ate nabo bantu banjawulo kyokka nebateegatta kukintu kulw’obulungi bwa al Kaafi nga ate mubo mwemuli ayagala okulin-nyiirira omutunzu w’ekitabo n’amadhihibuge, kati kimanye nti omuwendo ogugamba (Aya akasanvu) teguli kukigendererwa kyakukomekkereza muwendo gwa aya, wabula kyajjira mumulyango gwa kuteekawo muwendo omujjuvu ogusaanira ekituufu ekiriwo oluvannyuma lw’okusangulawo ekimenyeddwa oba okukijjuza nga bwekitera okubeera bulijjo nga bwekimanyikiddwa mukukikozesa mungeri yakusonyiwakulw’okubulawo eki-gendererwa mukw’ogera ekikendeevu oba ekyen-nyongeza, kubanga ekimanyikiddwa kiri nti omuwendo gwa Aya za Qur’an entukuvu teguwera Aya kasanvu wabula ziri Aya (6236) okusinziira kyetusanze mu Qur’an ey’ekitiibwa.
Nakino kiringa ekyayatiikirira mu Riwaaya nti mazima Imaamu Zainul Abiddina (as) teyaleka kukaaba oluvan-nyuma lw’okufa kwa taatawe Hussien (as) okumala emyaka makumi ana, kyokka nga ate Imaamu Zeinul Abidiina (as) teyawangaala oluvaanyuma lw’ekikangabwa kya karubala kusukka mumyaka asatu mwe etaano, ekyo kyegattibwaako.
Ekyo kyawukanako singa kigendererwaamu okwa-njuluza omuwendo ogukwatagana n’ekituufu kyennyini nga bwekiri muriwaayaati ezisangibwa mu bitabo byabannaffe abassunni, era nga tugenda kw’ogerako ebimu mu byo wansi w’omutwe ogugamba nti:
Assajistaani yabifulumya nga abijja ku yahaya bin Adam yagamba kukujjuza Qur’an nti: omuwendo ogusooka Aya (547). Omuwendo ogw’okubiri Aya(590), omuwedo ogw’okusatu Aya(651), omuwendo ogw’okuna Aya (953) omuwendo ogw’okutaano Aya (868), omuwendo ogw’omukaaga Aya (986) n’ogw’omusanvu ogusembayo Aya (1924).
Oluvannyuma lw’okufulumya ebyo yagamba mu maswaahifu nga abijja ku yahaya bin Adamu yagamba nti: ((Qur’an yonna erimu Aya kakaaga mu bibiri mwa abiri mumwenda, mubufunze mwakendeezebwaamu Aya makumi asatu nga kiva kunso nga yakuzibala)).
Ngamba nti: omuwedno tegulinga bweb’agwoogera, kubanga ekifunibwa mukukungaanya Aya ezo zonna zibeera (Aya 6219), ate bwetwongerako Aya amakumi asatu omuwendo gwonna zibeera Aya (6249), naye singa twongerako Aya amakumi asatu kumuwendo ogwa yogerwa ne Sagisitaane wonna omuwendo gujja kubeera Aya (6259), ekyo nga kiva kukugamba nti omuwendo gwa Aya za Qur’an gwakyuusibwaamu ogusooka nga kwerabira okuva kuzisangula, ate tekyekweeka nti emi-wendo egyo mubungi bw’agyo tegikwaatagana nakituufu kyennyini awamu n’okwaagala okuyungawo ebya-menyebwa. Ekisangibwa mu Qur’an ey’ekitiibwa okusinziira ku Qur’an ez’a tungibwa nga zikunga-anyizibwa ne Maliki Fahad bin Abdul Aziizi mu Madiinatul Munawwarah mumwaka (1414 H) ziri: Aya (6236). Tewali Kubuusa buusa nti enjawulo eyo erinako obuwuufu bw’ayo. Kubanga ekigendererwa mukuko-mekkereza omuwondo gwa Aya za Qur’an sikwekujjuza omuwendo ogwesembereza Aya za Qur’an, wabula b’ayagaliraddala omuwendo ogukwaatagana ne Aya za Qur’an nekibeera nti ky’ali kyeetaagisa okuky’ogerako!
Nti obuzibu bw’aba ssunni mukubala Aya za Qur’an entukuvu ne ssuula z’ayo tebwaakoma kukikomo ekyo nga bwekijja okutegeerekeka mu Riwaaya z’abwe:
Yava ku Oruwat bin Zzubair, nga biva ku Aisha yagamba nti: ((Essuula ya Ahzaabu kumulembe gwa Nabbi (saw) yalinga eso mebwa mu Aya bibiri, naye Othumaani bweyawandiika kulaane teyasobola okujjako nga bw’eri kati)).[29]
Yava ku Zir bin Habiish yagamba nti: Obai bin Ka’abi yanngamba nti: Essuula ya Ahzaabu mukugeraa gera-anyaamu Aya mmeka? Nagambanti: Ziyinza okubeera aya Nsanvu mussatu oba Msanvu munnya, yagamba nti bwezi beera bweezityo, y’aliddiridde essuula ya Baqara siyegisinga obuwanvu))!!
Hazimu yagamba mukitabo al mahalla nga ayogera kusanadi ya Riwaaya eyo nti: eyo Riwaaya ntuufu teriimu kubuusa buusa muyo[30]!!
Bw’obeera totegedde nti mu ssuula ya Baqara mulimu Aya (286), ne mu ssuula ya Ahzaabu mulimu Aya (73) awo kijja kubeera ekigero ekikendeevu mu Aya z’ayo okusinziira ku Riwaaya entuufu ya sanadi!! Nga ziwera Aya (213) oba okusukkawo n’ebeera nti yo y’esingako obuwanvu. Naye ekigero ky’omuwendo gwa aya za Ahzaabu okusinziira kukigambo kya Aisha zibeera Aya (127), kyokka nga ate tusanga Ibin Habbaani mu Swahiihi ye nga abijja ku obayyi bin Ka-abi nti essuula ya Ahzaab yenkana ne ssuula ya Nnuur[31] ate essuula ya nnuur erimu Aya (64).
Mukusoma swahihi musilimu, ne buruhaani ekya zarekish, ne Duralul Manthuur mu Tafusiir Suuratul Bayyina – kitegerekeka nti okubala kwaabwe kwe-bagerageranyiza mu Aya za bayyina zikendeerako kweezo eziriwo kati Aya(121), kubanga b’ayogera okuva ku Abi Muusa al Ashi-ari n’omulala, nti mbu mpanvu nga essuula ya Baraa-ah[32] . ekitegeeza erina Aya (129)! Nga ate Qur’an ey’ekitiibwa ejulira nti erina Aya munaana gwokka.
Ekitegeeza nti kyetwakulembezza kiriwansi nnyo okusinga okubala kwa Omaru bin Khattwaabu ku Nnyukuta za Qur’an entukuvu nga bwekiri mu Riwaaya ya twabaraani, nga nessuyuutwi yajulira kunsonga eyo mu ali ittiqaani, ne nassu gyeyesigamiza ku omaru yiino ntinno yagamba nti:
Qur’an erimu ennyukuta million emu era omuntu bw’agisoma nga yegendereza agenda abalirira buli nnyu-kuta agisasulwaamu omukazi w’omujjana))[33].
Wano tulina okuyimiriramu katono nga tugambanti: mazima ekyajjululwa mukubala ennyukuta za Qur’an kirinti: okuva ku Ibin masuud: (322670) ennyukuta.
Ate okuva ku Ibin abbassi ebigambo bibiri: ekimu mubyo: Ennyukuta (323621). N’ekirala: (323670). Ate ebyaava ku mujaahidi: (320621) Nyukuta.
Okuva ku Ibraahiim attaimi: (323015) nyukuta.
Okuva ku Abdul Aziizi bin Abdullah: (321200) nyukuta okuva kubalala ennyukuta (321000).
Ebyo byonna Alfaqiih Abu llaith Nasur Ddiin bin Muhammad assamuraqany al Hanafi yabyogera mu-kitabo kye Busitaanil arifiina.[34] Wabula nayenga ekyajjululwa n’abasomi abasinga obungi kigamba nti ennyukuta ziri: (323671).
Nayenga okubala kwa komputer kulaga nti omuwendo gwe Nnyukuta z’a Qur’an gwenkanankana ennyukuta (330733). Wano w’omanyira obutakwaatagana nakubala kwa ba Sunni na Nnyukuta za Qur’an entukuvu.
Kiyise okuva ku omaru nti ennyukuta za Qur’an ziwera million. Awamu n’okulinaanyisa omuwendo guno n’omu-wendo omulala mugyetwoogedde tusanga ekikendeera ku nnyukuta za qur’an -okusinziira ku Riwaaya eyo ey’eki-tulu embi – kyeyongera ku Nnyukuta z’akuraane emirundi ebiri.
[kigambo kunene ekiva mumimwa gyaabwe tebalina kyebagamba okujjako obulimba obwereere].[35]
Ekyo kyennategeddeko ku Riwaaya ya al Kaafi mu muliyango gwa Nawadir, n’ekigendererwa muyo mubutu-ufu ky’awukana olw’awukana lwaamaanyi singa ogera geranya neby’owuliddeko mubigambo byonna muku-twaaliza awamu.
Kyekkyo, naye ekyayogerwa mubujulizi bwabwe nti obusooka nga bakakasa nti mu al Kaafi mulimu Riwaayaati mpitiriva ezitegeezza okukyuusibwa kwakyo, ekyo kigambo kifu nnyo. Kubanga Riwaaya endala zonna tezirina kiraga kukyebagamba, naye kyetuba tugamba kiri nti tezategeerwa kiki kyeziragirirako nga bwekisaanira, kati nekibeera nti z’eyawulidde kwawukana kwa kusoma Qur’an, oba kwongera mukwanjuluzaa, oba kuvvuunula makulu g’amunda nga bwekyannyonnyolwa bulikimu mukifo kyakyo nga kiri mungeri yakusoma kwakkwe-kkaanya okusingako Riwaaya ezo zonna n’okuzitunulamu mungeri ya sanadi ab’azoogera nendagirira y’azo.[36] Ezimu kuzo, ziizino:
1 – kulain yayogera kusanadiye nga abijja ku Abi Abdillah (as) yagamba nti: ((omusajja yasomera Amiiril Mouminiina (as) nti [mazima bo tebakulimbisa wabula abalyazamaanya bebawakanya amateeka ga katonda][37] n’agamba nti: Ye ndayidde katonda mazima b’amulimbisa mubuyitirivu bw’okumulimbisa, naye tebajja n’ebikyaamu nga balimbisa nabyo amazimago))[38].
Taburisi yannyonnyola mu majima-al bayaani okusoma kwa takhifiifi kwekusoma kwa n’afi-e ne al kassaa-e, ne A-asha nga abijja ku Abi Bakar, era nti kwekusoma kwa Amiiril Mouminiina Ali (as) era kyekyayogerwa okuva ku Sswadiq (as), naye abasigaddeyo b’asoma nga bateeseeko Fataha ku kaafu ate nebongerako tashidiida.[39]
Waliyo n’e Riwaaya endala eziri nga eyo eri mu al Kaafi, nga okusoma ((zawa Adil minkum)) nti [zuu Adil minkum][40] nendala, tekyekweka nti okwo kwawukana mukusoma tekulina wekukwa taganira nakigamba nti kuraane yakyuusibwa, naye omuntu nga Ihisani Ilaahi zwahiiru n’omulala alinga oyo tekibali walannyo okubeera nga b’atiikiriza Riwaaya eziringa ezo ku Kaafi.[41] Kulwe-nsonga y’obutamanya bw’abwe oba kulw’okwa gala oku-buza buza.
2 – yava ku Abi Ja-afar (as) nti mbunno yasoma bwaati [WALAWU ANNAHUM FA- ALUU MAA YUU – AZUUNA BIH (fi Ali) LA KAANA KHAIRANLAHUMU].[42]
Nayenga okwongeramu okwo tekuliimu kubuusa buusa okubeera nti kutegeeza kwanjuluza makulu so tekiri nti kulimubwennyini bwa musihafu ssharif obukakafu kunsonga eyo ye Riwaaya Kulaini mwennyini gyeyayogera mumakubo ag’emirundi ebiri nga abijja ku Abi baswiiri, yagamba nti: Nabuuza Aba Abdillah (as) kukigambo kya katonda omugulumivu nti: [mugondere katonda mugondere n’omubakawe n’ebanannyini biragiro mummwe].[43]
N’agamba (as) nti: ((yakka ku Ali bin Abi Talib ne Hassani ne Husseni (as) )) Nemmugamba nti mazima abantu bagamba nti: lwaki Ali neba Ahalul bait lw’aki teb’ayogerwaakomannya g’abwe mukitabo kya katonda omugulumivu?
N’agamba (as) nti: ((Bagambe nti: mazima omubaka wa katonda (saw) yassibwaako Esswala naye katonda teyababuulira nti eno yassatu oba eno yannya, okutuusa omubaka wa katonda (saw) yeyabavuunuliranga ebyo, era nassibwaaka zaka naye katonda teyababuuliranga nti mu buli Diriham amakumi ana mujjibwaamu Dirihamu emu, okutuusa omubaka wa katonda (saw) lweyabav-vuunuliranga emiteeko egyo – Hajji nayo yakka naye katonda teyabagambako nti mwetooloole mirundi musanvu wabula omubaka wakatonda yeyavvuunulanga ebyo, nabwekityo okukka kwa Aya eno [mugondere katonda n’omubakawe neba nannyini biragiro mummwe] yakka kulwa Ali ne Hassan ne Hussein omubaka wa’katonda n’agamba nti: mu Ali: omuntu gwembadde mukamaawe kati Ali ye mukamaawe. Era yagamba omubaka (saw) nti: mbakuutira ekitabo kya katonda ne mbalaamira abantu bennyumba yange, kubanga nze nasaba katonda omugulumivu aleke kubyawukanya byombiriri okutuusa lwa alibinsisinkanya byombiriri kuluzzi Hawudh, era ekyo katonda yakimpa)).
Singa okwongeramu okwo kwonna kwaali mu Qur’an mwennyini, mukulaba kwaba Ahalul Bait kw’ali badde nga kwanukuli bwa eri oyo eyabuuza okusingako ate okumuzza mu Hadiisi ezivvuunula sunnah entukuvu nga bwekitekweeka.
3 – Yava ku Imaamu Swadiq (as) yagamba nti: ((Ali bin Hussein (as) Yalinga agamba nti [INNAA ANZALINAAHU FIILAILATIL QADIR (swadaqallah azza wajjala anzallahul Qur’an filaitlatu Qadir) WAMAA–ADRAAKA MA LAILATUL QADR (Qala Rasuulullah (saw): La – adri, Qaala azza wa jjallah) LAILATUL QADR – KHAIRU MINI ALIFI SHAHR ((laisa fiha lailatul Qadr)) ].[44]
Ngamba nti: obwanjulukufu bwa zinyongeza ezo zonna tebuyinza kubula ku muntu yenna nti zo nnyongeza ezitabalibwa mu bwennyini bwa Qur’an munzikiriza ya al kulain nga ate wayogerwa ezigifaanana munnyongeza ennyingi nga ekigendererwaamu kwanjuluza makulu mu swahiihi ebbiri bukhaar ne musilimu, muzo mwemuli gyebaayogera nga bagijja ku Ibin Abbasy nti mazima ye yagamba nti: ((omubaka wakatonda (saw) Jiburiilu bweyassanga obubaka nebubeera nga bulimu okunyeenya olulimirwe n’emimwaagye nemukambuwalira, era ekyo yakitegeeranga muye, katonda nassa Aya eno nti:
[LA TUHARRIKU BIHI LISAANAKA LITA – AJALA BIHI (Akhuzuh) INNA ALAINA JAMU – AHU WA QUR’ANAHU ( inna Alaina an najima – ahu Fiswadirika wa Qur’anah) FA-IZA QARA-ANAAHU FATTABI-E QUR’ANAHU][45].
Suyuutwi yafulumikiza mu Dural Manthuur nga abijja ku Abdu Rrazaaq, ne Abdu bin Hamiidi ne Ibin Jariir, ne Muhammad bin Nasur, ne Ibin al Mundhiri. Nga biva ku Qataadah mu kigambo kya katonda omugulumvu nti [Lailatul Qadr khair min Alifi Shahr] yagamba nti: [khairu mini Alifi Shahri temuli lLailatul Qadr][46]. Kati kunkomerero, kulain mwennyini yayogera Essuula ya Al – Qadir mubujjuvu nga temuliimu nnyongeza ezo ezanjuluza kukusoma kwa Imaamu Sswadiq (as).[47]
N’ekigambibwa kukyetutayogedde wano kyekyo kyennyini eky’ogerwa wano tekyetaagisa ate kuwanvuya.
Besembesa eky’emitwe nendagiro kulain gyeyategeka nga emiryango mu kitabo al Kaafi, nga bagendereramu omulyango ogugamba nti: ((Qur’an yonna teyakun-ngaanyizibwa okujjako na ba Imaamu (as) )).
Nga kigambibwa nti ebiseera ebisinga amadhihibu g’abamanyi gamanyikira muntegeka ya miryango gy’a bitabo by’abwe.
Nannyini kwemuluguunya ekyo kyeyeekwaatako mukulinnyirira ekitabo al Kaafi nga Ihisaan Ilaahi Zahiiri. N’abamusookawo, oba abajja oluvannyumalwe[48], Naye tebalina nsonga yakusatu gyebeekwaasa kwekyo kyebaka-kasa okusinziira bwetun’onyerezza netukomekkereza.
OKWANUKULA KUNSONGA EY’OKUBIRI:
Ekikwaata kubujulizi bw’abwe obw’okubiri, nga nakwo kwekwekwaata ku ntegeka yemiryango. Twanu-kula nga tugamba nti ekyo kisaanakukyuusibwaamu kulain ya abeera ajuliza nensonga eyo so sikujijulira kuye.
Mukwanjuluza tugamba nti: mazima ye (qd) yategeka emiryanga mu kaafi nga mulimu omulyango oguliko omutwe nti Al-akhidh bissunna wa shawaahidi (Kitaabu) era mumulyango ogwo yateekamu Riwaaya eziwerako kale katuleeteko ezimu muzo:
1 – yava ku Abi Abdillah (as) yagamba nti: ((omu baka wa katonda yagamba nti mazima buli kituufu kirinako obukakafu bw’akyo, ate buli kukituufu kuliko ekitangaala, ekyo ekikwatagana n’ekitabo kya katonda mukikolereko, ate ekiba kyawukanye kukitabo kya katonda ekyo mukireke)).[49]
Kyeyolefu nti ekigendererwa mu kuleka eyaayawukana ku kulaane kwekuleka okugikolerako oluvannyuma lw’okukakasa nti okwawukana okwokwaddala so sikuno okulimu okubuusa buusa mukwo nga kisoboka n’okukulongoosa.
2 – Yava ku Abi Abdillah (as): ((buli kintu kyonna kizzibwa eri ekitabo ne sunna, nabu li Hadiith etakwaatagana nakitabo kya katonda eyo kikwangala)).[50]
3 – yava kuye mwennyini oyo (as) yagambanti: Nabbi (as) ya buulirira mumina, n’agamba nti: Abange mmwe abantu kyonna ekibajjira nga kiva kunze nga kikwatagana ne kulaane ekyo nze mba nkyogedde, ate ekibajjira nga kya wukana kukitabo kya katonda ekyo mbeera siky’ogedde)).[51]
Bwekibeera nti amadhihibu g’abamanyi gategeererwa mu bitabo by’abwe mu ntegeka yemiryango gy’ebitabo nga abo bwebagamba, kati lwaki amadhihibu tegabe-eranga ge gadda mubuli Hadiith etakwaatagana nakitabo kya katonda omugulumivo ne sunna z’omubaka wa katonda (saw) n’okuziramu la nti ziri mubigambo ebijweteke, era nti nabbi teyakyogera wadde omusigire?
N’oluvannyuma mazima omulyango Kulain gweya wandiika mu kitabo usuulul Kaafi kumutweogugamba nti: Qur’an teyakungaanyizibwa okujjako naba Imaamu (as) era nti mazima bo bamanyi ilimu yayo yonna)) eyo terina kiraga kyonna nti mu Qur’an mulimu obukendeevu kumuwendo gwa Aya eratemuli nnyongeza okusinziira ba Imaamu (as) bwebagikungaanya, ekyo kulaini mwennyini kyeyayanjuluza mu Hadiith eziri mumulyango ogw’oge-ddwaako, obeera olyaawo ekyo tekiyinza kutegeerwa okujjako omuntu nga muzuukufu era nga mugezi.
Mumulyango ogw’ogeddwaako muhadiith esooka mwajjiramu Hadiith nga ntuufu yasanad nga eva ku Imaamu Baqir (as) yagamba nti: ((Teri muntu yenna ey’eyita nga agamba nti Qur’an yonna eringa bweyassibwa okujjako nga mulimba, ate tewali yazi-kungaanya n’agikwaata nga katonda bweyagisa okujjako Ali bin Abi Talib(as) neba Imaamu abaddawo oluvan-nyuma lwe (as) ))[52].
Okutegeera Hadiith eyo mubujjuvu bw’ayo tekuyinza kujjula okujjako nga tumaze kunnyonyola ensonga bbiri:
Esooka: okukakasa nti Imaamu Ali (as) Alina omusuhafu.
Ey’okubiri: okunnyonyola obwennyini bw’omusuhafu ogwo.
Kyetuva tugamba nti: kubikwata kukukakasa nti Imaamu Ali (as) Alina omusuhafu, ekyo abamanyi bonna b’akyogera bobennyini, Sajistaani yabifulumya nga abijjaku Ibin Siirin yagamba nti: ((Nabbi (saw) bweyamala okufa Ali yalayira obutambala kyambalo kyonna okujjako lwa Jumah okutuusa lw’anakungaanya Qur’an mu musuhafu era yakikola)).
Ibin Nnadiim yayanjuluza ekintu ekyo,[53] nga bwekya yogerwa mu Ittiqaan ssuyuutwi, ne sunani Abi Daawadi, ne Hiliyatul awuliyaa-e ekya Abi na-eem, ne Al aruba-een ekya khatwiibu al Baghidaadi n’ebirara mw’ebyo Seyyid Hassan Sswadir byeyanoony’erezaako.[54]
Bwekibeera bw’ekityo, Eyo gy’eri eyakkaanya ne al Kulain mu ba sunni nti Imaamu Ali (as) alina omusuhafu gweyakungaanyizaamu Aya zaQur’an entukuvu. Era teri yamusooka n’omu mubaswahaba kubeera nti akungaanya Qur’an nga bwekiri eky eyolefa mu Riwaaya ya Ibin Siiriini.
Naye ekikwaata kubwennyini bw’omusuhafu ogwo ogwekitiibwa, ekyo kitegeerwa mu kwetegereza Riwaaya eziri mu al Kaafu ez’akulembedde, kubanga ekigamba nti (NGA BWE YASSIBWA) ne (NGA KATONDA BWEYAGISSA) mulimu okulaza okweyolefu nti ekkubo ly’okukungaanya Qur’an lyalinga ligendera kuntegeka y’okukka kwa Aya, so tekwaali kuntegeka eyo gyetumanyi munnaku zino, kuba nga osanga ezimu ku ssuula ez’emadiina nga mutabuddwaamu Aya ze makka, nabwekityo ekyennyume ky’ekyo. Okwanjuluza ensonga eyo tuleetayo eky’o kulabirako kino ekijja, nga tugamba nti:
Mazima Aya ya Tatuhiiri nga kyekigambo kya katonda omugulumivu nti: [mazima katonda ayagala kubajjako obukyaafu abange mmwe ba Ahalul bait era abatukuze olutukuza].[55]
Mubitabo bya Hadiith ne tafusiiri temuliimu wadde nassu ne’mu eraga nti waliwo Aya eyakkira wamu n’eyo, wabula Nusuusu zonna mubasunni n’abashia kunsonga eyo ziraga nti Aya eyo yakka yokka, nabuli muntu alina omugabo ogw’awansi mukugobere ra ebitabo bya Hadiith akkiriza obukakafu, nekibeera nti oba ya munnyumba ya Omu Salama ekyo nga kyekituufu kulw’obungi bwa Riwaayaat kunsonga eyo. Oba yakkira munju ya Aisha, nga bwekyanjuluzibwa ne Hadiith ezenjawulo ne Hadiith ya kiss-e, kubanga mulimuokwanjuluza mubuli emu muzo ekigamba nti ((Aya eyo yakkira munnyumba yange)) naye okusinziira ku Riwaayaati empitirivu eziri kuddaala lya tawaatiri nga z’ogera ekikakafu ekyo, wesanga nti Aya mussuula ya Ahzaabu yegatta n’ebigambo nga by’ogerwa nekatonda mu Qur’an, n’ebeera nti kitundu kya Aya so si Aya Nnamba, okutuusa ebitundu ebibiri lwe byafuuka Aya emu, era nga y’eno:
[mutebenkere mumayumba gammwe era temweyolesa nga eri abantu olweyolesa olw’okumulembe ogwe’ekisiru nga Nabbi tannaba kutumibwa, muyimirizengawo esswala mutoolenga ne zzaka mugondere katonda n’omubakawe mazima katonda ayagala okubajjako obukyaafu mmwe abantu ba Ahalul bait era abatukuze olutukuza] bweyamala n’agamba oluvannyuma lw’ekyo awatali kuyissawo kaseera [mujjukkire era mukwaate ebyo ebibasomerwa mumayumba gammwe mumateeka ga katonda mazima katonda yali okuva edda nga mukwata mpola era nga mukwata mpola era nga mumanyi w’abulikintu][56].
Wano tufunawo ebintu bingi, tujja kw’ogerako kimu mubyo, nga kyekino:
Mazima entandikwa ya Aya esooka nga ye Aya esooka nga ye Aya ya asatu mwessatu mu ssuula ya Ahzaabu, eya wukana kukiitundu ekisembayo olwaawukana lwonna, mukutandiika yakozesa olulimi olw’okutiisa n’okukanga n’okulagaanyisa, ate kunkomerero n’akozesa olulimi olw’okutenda n’okugulumiza.
Singa tujjawo ekitundu ekisembayo netuyunga Aya ey’asatu mwennya kuntandiikwa ya Aya eyasatu mwe-ssatu, tewaalifunyiseewo kwawukana kwonna muntegeka y’okunnyonyola, wadde mubalaagh wadde mu mateeka gonna agakwatagana n’okuyunga kunkomerero kwa Aya’ era amakulu g’alizze nga majjuvu nga tegalinaamu kwemuluguunya kwonna okuli munkomerero ya Aya eya asatu mwessatu.
Ekyo kiraga nti Aya yatatuhiiri mukukka kwaayo tekyaali kitunda kya Aya wabula yali Aya nnamba nzijuvu, era okuteekebwa kwaayo mukifo ekyo mu ssuula ya Ahzzbu kiyinza okubeera nga kyava kunabbi (asw) obanga kyajja ngakiva kubakungaanya ba Qur’an entu-kuva oluvannyuma lwa Nabbi.
Eri nga eyo yennyini kyekigambo kya katonda omugulumivu nti: [olwaleero nzijuzza eddiini yammwe nembajjuliza ekyengera kyange nembasiimira obusiraamu nga ye Ddiini].[57]
Ebibinja byombiriri byegatta nebikkaanya nti Aya eyo yakkira mu kitunda Ghadiir Khumu oluvannyuma lw’o-kujjuza okulonda Imaamu Ali nga ye Amiiril muuminiina (as). Ne Riwaaya ne Riwaaya nnyinginnyo tewali ngeri yakuzizza kumabbali buli mungeri yonna.[58]
Kyokka nga tusanga ekigambo ekitukuvu ekyo nga kitundu kya Aya mussuula ya Ma-eda, nti ekitundu ekisoose kukyo n’ekiri oluvannyuma lwaakyo bikwaata kukunnyonyola mateeka ga Nnyama.
Singa ebitundu byombiriri biyungagana wamu, netuj-jawo ekyeyawulidde okujjuza eddiini amakulu g’alibadde majjuvu, nentegeka nga nzijuvu temuli kwemuluguunya kwonna.
Naye ekibuuzo nti kyaamaki ekiri mukufuula Ayaati ezo nga bitundu mu Ayaati endala? Ekyo kiyinzika okwanjuluzibwa mubino ebijja, nga tugamba nti:
Tekiyinza kwekweeka kumuntu yenna alina omugabo mu Ilimu, ntinno ekigambo kya katonda omugulumivu: [Nti mazima mukama wammwe ye katonda n’omubakawe n’abo abakkiriza abo abayimirizaawo esswala nebatoola zzaka nga nabo bakutamye basaala][59] yakka ku Amiiril mouminiina Ali bin Abi Talib (as) nga kye gattibwaako okubeera nti yasaddaaka empetaye (as) nga akutamye kulwa katonda omugulumivu.[60]
Ekibuuzo: lwaki katonda teyayogera ku linnya lya Ali Amiiril Mouminiina (as) mu Aya eno, n’abeera nti yamwogerako mukifaananyi eky’awamu, eky’aviirako ab’awalana Imaamu Ali (as) okukyuusa Aya ne bagimuj-jako nebagizza kubantu abalala?!
Okwaanukula nga kuli mubufunze – nga seyyidi Sharafu Ddiin mu kitabo Al muraja-atil Khalidah yeya ky’ogera: - Nti okw’ogera mukifananyi eky’awamu wano kitegeeza kugulumiza mukiseera wekyeetaagisa okugu-lumiza, ne pointi enkulu esaana okwekkennenya eri nti enjogera yajja mukifaananyi ky’abanji nga ekige-ndererwaamu muntu omu ekyo kyasigalira mukatonda ye mwennyini, olw’okubeera nti abantu abasinga obungi tebasobala kuwulira aya eyo nga eri mukifananyi eky’omu. Kati eky’ama kya katonda kyayagala kutunu-ulira bantu abo. Baly’oke baleke kuvaamu ekyo ekitiisibwa enkome rero y’akyo, ekiyinza okufuuka ensonga y’okubula kwaabwe.
Tekiri walannyo okubeera nti Aya ya Ttatuhiiri ne Aya ya Ikimaal Ddiini ne Itimaamu Nni-ema wa Ridha Rrabbu subuhaanah, z’ateekebwaawo kulwa kyaama ekyo kyennyini nga bweziri kaakati olw’aleero, ekyonga tuga-mbye nti tugendera kuntegeka ya Nnyimirira ya Aya etannaba kukakata bwennyini bwaayo, naye bwetugendera kunjogera endala, wesanga nti ow’amagezi afuna ekigendererwaakye.
Ekyo bw’obeera okitegedde oba tokitegedde, tegeera nti ekigendererwa mu riwaaya ya al Kaafu kwekuku-ngaanya Qur’an okusinziira kukussibwa kwa Aya. Obujulizi kunsonga eyo kyekigambo kya Sheikh Mufiidi kyeyafulumya nga akijja ku Imaamu BaQir (as) yagamba nti: ((Imaamu Mahdy mubantu ba Al Muhammadi (saw) bw’aliyimirirawo kunsi nga yeyolese, wagenda kubeerawo okunoonyereza kumuntu oyo ayinza okuyigiriza Qur’an nga katonda bweyagissa, obuzibu bugenda kuyitirira kumuntu eyagikwaata kulunaku olwoo, kubanga agenda kw’awukana kuntunga y’ayo)) ekitegeeza: kuntegeka y’ayo.
Kitegeerekeka bulungi kunjogera ya Riwaaya ezisinga obungi nti omusuhafu gwa Imaamu Mahady (af) gwe musuhafu guli gwennyini Jajjaawe gweyakungaanya Imaam Amiiril Mouminiina Ali (as), wano kyanjulukuka bulungi kiki ekigendererwa mu Riwaaya ya Al Kaafu mu mulyango gweyayogererwaamu, ne katonda ya amanyi – nti ekigende rerwa mu kukungaanya Qur’an entukuvu okusinziira kuntegeka yaayo mu kussibwa tekwajjulira kumukonogwa muntu mulala atali Amiiril Mouminiina (as), n’omuntu eyeyita nti yeyakikola atali Imaamu Ali n’ezzaadde lye (as) oyo abeera mulimba. So ekigende-rerwa muyo tekiri nti Qur’an teyakunngaanyiziibwaako namuntu mulala yenna okujjako Imaamu Ali (as), bwekityo sibwekiri ekyo kitegeere.
Kale mujje tubeere wamu ffenna tutunule mubiri mu Swahiihi ebbiri mu Riwaaya z’amu, abaffe kiyinzika eri ow’amagezi nga mwenkanya okuzikyuusa n’azijja kuma-kulu g’azo ag’okungulu ameeyolefu nga ate ge makulu amanjulukufu muzo.
Ndayidde katonda, ezo Riwaayaati bwezitabeera z’abulimba ku katonda n’omubakawe, awotuba tugamba bugambi nti ab’azoogera mu Swahiihi ebbiri tekisoboka kubeesambisa bikwangala byakukyuusa Qur’an entukuvu, naye mu mazihibu g’abasigaddeyo tewali n’omu eyakkiriza okujjako okusinziira ku kigero kyebegattirako bonna nti buli ekiri mu Swahiihi ebbiri byonna bituufu, teb’akoma kwekyo kyokka wabula n’okulangirira lwaatu nti buli ekiri mu Swahiihi ezo zombiriri kyamazima – era singa w’aliwo amazima agali waggulu w’ebyo ebiri muswahiihi ebbiri – b’alibadde bakizza kw’ekyo ekyegat-tirwaako ba Sheikh ababiri!
Kyaddaaki tujja kukulaga eby’okulabirako nga bikyaamu ebyasirikirwako – nebifuuka nabyo nga bituufu bya mazima olw’okubeera nti bya mu swahiihi ebbiri. Ebimu kuby’okulabirako, kw’oba opimira ebitabo ebirala okujjako ebitonno ennyo.
1 – mu Swahiih bukhar mu kitabo Al muhaaribiina babu Rajimi Habula mina zzina nga byesigamizibwa ku Omaru bin Khattwaabu, yagamba nti: ( … oluvannyuma twaalinga tusoma mubyetusoma mukitabo kya katonda nti: temuva ku b’akitammwe kubanga kyabukaafiiri kummwe okuva kubakitammwe, oba obukaafiiri bwammwe kwekuleka okwagala bakitammwe bye baliko)).[61]
Ekigenyi mu Aya eno, kirinti mazima ffe tukiisa nze nga Hadiith mu Hadiith za Abi Hurairah mu Swahiihi musilim mu kitaabul Imaan babu bayaani Hal man Ragiba an Abiihi wahuwa ya-alamu. Awatali kubuusabuusa mukifo ekyo mulimu ekikakasa okukoonagana mu Swahiihi ebbiri!!
2 – mu Swahiihi Musilimu mu kitabo kya Ridhaa-a babu Tahariimu bikhamusa Ridha – aat. Nga eva ku Aisha, Yagamba nti: ((mubyassibwa mu Qur’an mwaalimu ennyonsa kkumi ngaze zimanyikiddwa nga ziri haraamu, oluvannyuma ne wasangulwaawo ttaano kuzo ezimanyikiddwa omubaka wa katonda weyafiira nga ezo zezisomebwa mu Qur’an)).[62]
Ngamba nti: Aisha yalinga atoola fatuwa okusingako abakyaala banabbi (saw) abalala n’okusingako ba swahaba abalal: ntinno kikkirizibwa okuyonsa omukulu kulw’a Aya y’okuyonsa ekakasibwa, ekyo ky’aliwo ku Sahala binti Suhail mukiseera weyayonseza omuntu aliko ekirevu n’alaba n’olutalo lwa badiri nga ye Salim Haliif. Baawe ye Abi Hudhaifu. Asobole okufuuka omwaanawe mu kuyo-nsebwa, nga ekigenderewa kujjawo kya ali mumutima gwa Abi Hadhaifa nti Saalimu amwaagala[63]!!!.
3 – mu Swahiihil Bukhaare mu kitabo kya ba muhaaribiina, omulyango babu Rajimul Habula mina Zzina nga yesigamizibwa ku Omaru.
Yagamba nti: ((mwebyo katonda byeyassa mwalimu Aya ya Rajim, twagisoma netugitegeera era netugin-nyonyoka, omubaka wakatonda (saw) yakuba abenzi amayinja naffe netukuba oluvannyumalwe, kati ntya singa omulembe guwanvuwa kubantu omugambi okugamba nti: Ndayidde katonda tetulaba Aya ya kubonereza benzi namayinja mukitabo kya katonda, nebabeera nga babula kulw’okuleka Aya katonda gyeyassa mu Qur’an nga nkakafu))!!![64] Ne Ayatu Rrajim mu Fatihil Baari kushareh Swahiihil Bukhaar yeno nti: ((omusajja omukadde nomu-kazi bwebakola obwenzi mubakubenga amayinja nga kibonerezo okuva eri katonda))[65] ekituufu kiri’nti Aya eyo teyakwatibwa nga bwekyetagisa okugikwaata, kubanga yo yayogerwa munjatuza endala tekitukwaatako kugin’o-nyereza.
Ngamba nti: singa Ifiriiti ow’omumajinni – erinnya lye ye (Nusikh Ttilaawah) Yamira Riwaaya eno ekigambo kya omaru ekigamba nti: (Ntya omulembe okuwanvuwa ku bantu) n’ekigambokye nti: (singa sibantu kugamba nti Omaru yayongera…) ekyo tekiraga nti ye yalinga alaba nti omusuhafu oguli mumaaso ge mukendeevu obutabe-eraamu Aya ya Rajim, oba teragirira kweekyo?!
((Eyo waliyo ekifo ky’okubuusa buusa? [mazima ffe otwassa Qur’an era mazima ffe abagikuuma]!!
N’omuntu nga talina maaso galaba tewabeera kubuusabuusa mukubeera nga abuusabuusa mukukya kwobudde nga ate bukedde.
4 – mu kitabo swahiihi Bukhar mukitabo Al Jihad wassairi, nga biva ku An An Anasi mu Hadiith y’okutu ma kwa Nabbi (saw) ba Swahaba nsanvu abasomi ba Qur’an bag’ende eri ebimu kubika by’abawarabu, nga Ra-al zakuwaan, Aswiiyyah, bani lahiyaan. Bukhaari yagamba nti ((Qataada yagamba nti: Anasi yatanyumiza nti mazima bo b’amusomera Qur’an: [Abaffe abantu baffe kyaba-tuukako okuva gyetuli nti mazima ffe twasisinkana katonda n’asiima byetwaakola era n’atusiimiisa)) ate bweyamala nejjibwaawo oluvannyuma lw’ekyo][66]!
Ekyewuunyisa mu Hadiith eyo kwekulaba nti Bukhaar yayanjuluza muyo nti mazima abanamalungu bekyuukiza ku basomi b’a Qur’an bonna ne babatta mu kiseera w’eba-atuukira kuluzzi mauuna. Ekitegeeza nti obo bo teb’asobola kutuukiriza mu limu gw’abwe, kubanga bo battibwa nga tebannaba kukikola, oba bo b’atuukiriza omulimu gw’abwe oluvannyuma nebattibwa nga teban-naba kutuuka mumadiina.
Ekibuuizo ekyewunikkiriza wano kyekino nti:
Anasi yategeera atya Aya eyo gyeb’asoma nga ate tewali n’omu mubo eyatuuka mu madiina asobole okubu-ulira Anasi Aya ezo ezakka! Ezo ez’asomwa oluvannyuma nezisitulwa. Awamu n’okubeera nti Hadiith yayimirira ku Anasi teyagijja ku Nabbi (asw) tusobole okugamba nti obera olyaawo eri mu Hadiith za nannyini bubaka (saw), oluvannyumalweekyo abaffe Hadiith emu eyayimirizibwa ku Swahaab, omu eyinza okubeera nga ddala ya mu Qur’an?
Ekibuuzo ekirala: Qur’an eyo yajjibwaawo etya mu by’awandiikibwa? Nga nagwo gwe (musuhafu)? Oba mumitima? Ekirowoozo ekisooka kifu, kubanga tekiriiko bwiino, wadde n’eriwaaya ey’obulimba, n’eky’okubiri nakyo bw’ekityo, okwongera kukubeera nti teyajjibwa mumutima gwa Anasi oba omulala okusinziira kukw’o-gera kwe n’okujjulula kwe.
5 – mu Swahiihi Bukhar mu mulyango ogugamba nti omuntu at’alaba buzibu. Agambe Essuula ya baqara ne ssuula bweti ne bweeti…)) nga yesiga – mizibwa ku Aisha yagamba nti: ((Nabbi (saw) yawulira omusomi nga asoma ekiro mu masigigidi n’agamba nti: katonda amusaasire, mazima anzijukizza Aya bweti ne bweeti, gyennasuula mussuula bweeti nebweeti))[67]
Nze mubutuufu simanyi nga walliyo obulimba obusinga obwo obunene? Nabbi nga asuula ezimu ku Aya mu Qur’an.!!!
Omuntu agoberera endowooza y’omusiru munsongaze amulagirira n’amuzza eri ensonga ey’etamibwa. W’emanyirize ebigambo eby’amazima gwemwennyini era obisiime ojja kukakasibwa tewesigamiranga kukigambo ky’omulimba.
6 – mu Swahiih Musilim mu kitabu zzaka nga biva ku Abi musa al ashi – ariyyi, ntino yagamba abasomi be Baswira – oluvannyuma lw’okufa kwa Nabbi nga wa kayitawo emyaka mingiko:- Nti mazimaffe twalinga tusoma essuula nga kulw’obuwanvu bw’ayo n’obuzibu twaalinga tugifananyiriza ne Baraa-at nengyerabira, wabu-la ate nze nakwaata muyo: nti singa omuntu yalina enjazi bbiri nga z’amaali y’alinoonyeza olwaazi olw’okusata, ate olubuto lw’omuntu terujjula okujjako ettaka)).[68]
Ekipya ennyo nga kyewuunyisa okuva mu musilim nannyini Swahiihi, nti mazima yafulumya Aya eyo ekakasibwa n’agifuula Hadiith kyokka n’atayogera kungeri ya kwemuluguunya muyo,[69] ne ekisinga okwe-wuunyisa mwebyo byonna kwekubeera nti yesigamiza ku Ibin Abbasy (enzivuunula bbiri ez’a Qur’an) nti yagamba kukigamba nti (singa omwaana adaamu yalina): ((simanyi ekyo kiri mu Qur’an oba nedda))[70]?
7 – mu Swahiih Bukhar ne Swahiihi musilimu mu kitabo kya zaka nga yesigamizibwa ku Abi musa Al Ashi-ary, yagamba: ((Twalinga tusoma essuula nga tugifaana-nyiriza n’emu ku mu sabbihaat, nengy’erabira, wabulanze nakwatamu: Nti Abangemmwe abakkiriza lwaki mw’oge-ra byemutakola nebuwandiikibwa nga bujulizi munsingo zammwe mubuuzibwe kubwo kulunaku lwenkomerero)).[71]
Ngamba nti: okubula kwe ssuula mwebyo bye beeyita eby’obulimba, oba okusuula ezimu kuzo mu Qur’an, nebiringa ebyo muby’ayise sikinene nnyo okusingako eby’obulimba ebirala ebiri mu Riwaaya eziri mu bitabo by’abo abeeyita nti b’ogera lwaatu eranga bakakasa nti tebasirikira kikyaamu okujjako nga baky’olekeza ba nannyinikyo n’okubakafuwaza nebaba kaafuwaza!!
Okugezanga eby’ayogerwa nga biva ku Ibin omaru, yagamba nti: ((omu kummwe tagamba nga nti: Nakwaata Qur’an yonna, kiki ekimuma nyisa nti y’eyo yonna? mazima mwakendeezebwaamu ebisinga obungi!! Wabula alina kugamba nti Nakwaatamu ekyo eky’eyoleka)).[72]
Nga Ibin Abi Dawuuda bweyayogera ne Ibin Ambaary, nga biva ku Ibin Shahabu – Nga bwekiri mu muntakhabul Ommal - nti ye yagamba nti: ((G’atutuukako nti Qur’an Yassibwa mu bangi, abamanyi b’ayo nebattibwa mulutalo lwe yamaamah, abo ab’ali bagitegedde, teyategeerwa oluvannyuma lw’abwe era teyawandiikibwa))[73]!!
Naye ebikwaata kukwetamwa kwa Ibin Masuudi Essuula ya al Fatiha ne ma-auudhatain ekyo nyumya bunymya tewali kabi, Suuyuutwi yagamba nti: ((Ibin Hajar yagamba nti: Ekigambo ky’oyo eyagamba nti: yalimbibwa (amakulu Ibin Masuud) tekikkirizibwa, ate n’okulinnyirira mu Riwaayaat nga ntuufu awatali bujulizi ekyo sikituufu tekikkirizibwa, wabula eyo Riwaaya ntuufu, nagamba nti: n’okugijja mu musuhafu gwe Aba Obaida yagifulumya nga ntuufu))[74].
Nga kiri nti Riwaaya eyo etendebwa nti ntuufu eri bonna, Abashia bo b’agirimbisa okuviiraddala kumirembe egy’asooka nga bwetujja okukyogerako ngaa ate nemubo Assayaalikuuti yagigaana mu ka waayiroke.[75]
Nga bwekiri nti essuula ya Al khulu-u, ne Ssuula al Hafid Abu Hafuswi omaru yalinga azisoma zombiri musswalaaye ne mu Qunuutuye nga Assuytwi bweya kya-njuluza mu tafusiiriye[76] ekyo bwetukigatta ku Riwaaya ey’esigamizibwa kuye nti mu Qur’an mulimu ennyukuta million Nnamba tukitegeera bulungi nti Aya ya Rajimu eyo gyeyategeera n’agimanya nga agijja mu Swihaahi eyo yo eri mu Qur’an ekakasibwa eri mululimi lw’emiwendo ne munamba ezitegeerekeka eyongera ku kitabo kya katonda omugulumivu okusinziira ku kubala okusembayo, ennyukuta (678820).
Ekitegeeza nti kyenkanankana ne Qur’an emirundi esatu!! Oluvannyuma lw’obulimba obwekika ekyo okuwa-nvuyirira ku Ibin Omaru, kyamuviirako okugamba nti binginnyo eby’abula mu Qur’an nga bwetugambye mu kusooka!
Kunkomerero, tulina okunokolayo wano nti Fadhul bin Shadhaan (yf 260 H) nga y’omukuba Fudhalaa-u era abakugu mu ba Swahaba ba baImaamu mu bantu ba Ahlul bait (as) oyo ye yagaana ekya aba sunni okuwaayiriza ba Swahaba n’obulimba obwe ngeri eyo era n’akibala nti kiri mumulyango gwa kulwanyisa baswahaba ba mubaka wa katonda (saw)[77].
Ekisinga obulungi mubujulizi bwa Fadhul bweyajuliza ku ba sunni n’ekitabokye Al Idhaahi kwekubeera nti yayogera kyeb’asiba ku Aisha ntinno yagamba nti: ((Aya ya Rajim n’okuyonsa omukulu ennyonsa kkumi, yakka, era yali mu Swahiifat eyali wansi w’ekitanda kyange, omubaka wa katonda olw’amala okufa (saw) netudda mukutawaana n’okufaakwe enkuyege z’ayingiramu nezigirya)).[78]
Fadhul bin Shadhaani y’etamwa kubo nga n’ebivaamu byebino: Abantu n’amajinni teb’asobola kuleetayo Aya wadde n’emu mu Aya za Qur’an, era abalabe ba Qur’an tebasobola kukyuusa kintu kyonna mu Qar’an, kati enku-yege zammwe zasobola zitya okulya mu Qur’an, ekyo okukikakasa kibeera kifu nabwekityo tekisaana kubufuula bujulizi?!
Ekisinga okwewuunyisa nga ate kipy a kyentuuseeko kyekino nti Zamakhishari mu Kasshaafuye.
Bweyamala okulemwa okusanga engeri gya kyuusaamu oba okumatiza engeri enkuyege gyeyasobolamu okuyi-ngira munju ya Nabbi (saw) n’ekola ekikolwa ekyo yage-zaako okwejja mu hadiith eyo n’asalawo okuwaayira ba Rawaafidhi nti beb’agiteekamu?[79]
Ngamba nti: oluvannyuma nga omaze okutegeera ani eyagifulumya mu swahiih ne mu baswahaba, n’eyagigaana nga (ye fadhil bin Shadhaan) nga wa mu ba (Rafidha), kimanye nti mazima ffe tuliwamu ne Zamakhishari munzikiriza egamba nti b’agikookerawo bukookezi ekyo olina okukima nya.[80]
Ne Seyyidi miilaan (mu kunoonnyer eza kukusa-ngulawo okukyuusibwa kwa Qur’an entukuvu) yayogera ebigambo bingi nga biva mu bamanyi ab’asooka n’aba-asembayo nga b’anjuluza lw’atu nti ezo nnyongeza z’ateekebwaawo n’abamu kubatamiivu.
Nendala eziringa ezo mu Riwaayaat ez’obulimba eri bannaaffe, nga ate ziyingirira nezikwaata ku Qur’an mu bujjuvu.[81]
Manya nti ekyaviirako abayahuudi okugaana eky’omu-tima okuva mumubiri okudda mu mula nabwekityo abantu ababiri okwegatta mumuntu omu, ensonga eri nti bo bakakasa okubeera nti ekyo ky’awukana n’amagezi eri katonda era tekikolebwa okujjako nga kiva kubutamanya migaso naby’onoona, ekyo Gazaali kyeyayanjuluza ne Raazi n’abalala abakulu mu ba Asha-era.[82]
Kati olw’okubeera nti ekigambo Bada-a, kikwaatagana nentegeera ya Abayahuudi gyebategeeramu ekigambo Nasikh, ky’abaviirako okukibalira mubyaawukana kunte-geka ya katonda ow’amagezi.
Sina kindi nayenga b’abifuula ekintu kimu nebabye-tamwa lumu, nga bagamba nti Bada-a kirowoozebwa n’omuntu oyo atamanyi nkomerero y’abintu, naye katonda ye yesamba okubeera nendowooza ezo. Ekigero ekyo kya yogerwa mubitabo bya ba Asha-erah n’abalala.[83]
Ekyo bw’obeera okitegedde, kati manya nti omulabe w’obushia atekkawo eby’obulimba ntinno ekigambo Bada-a eri abashia kitegeeza era kikakasa kukyuusa mu Ilimu ya katonda omugulumivu, ate nga ekyo tekikkirizibwa.
Era b’akakasa nti ekyo kikakasa butamanya bwa katonda omugulumiva, kubanga amakulu g’abadaa-a muluwaraba kitegeeza okweyoleka kw’ekintu oluva-nnyuma lw’okwekweeka kw’akyo.
Nabwekityo abamu mubo b’azuulawo eby’obulimba ku Bushia nebagamba nti: Bada-a eri abashia ((kitegeeza ekintu okweyoleka nekirabikira katonda omugulumiva nga ekintu ekyo yali takimanyi mukusooka…
Nannyini kujweetekawo ebyo ye Muhammad maalillah Al –bawarain nga yabizuulawo n’abiwandiika mukita-bokye (Asshi-a wa Tahariiful Qur’an) kulupapula (12) ne mukitabokye (mawuqifu sshia min Ahal Ssunna) p 28, awatali kukyuusaamu nga ate akakasa mu kawaayiro wansi w’ebitabo ebyo byombiriri nti bisangibwa mu kitabo asul Sshia wa Osuuluha Pages 231, awamu n’okute eka mu buraketi ekitabo (Asulu Sshiia wa Osuuluha) nga ayagala kumanyisa oyo asoma nti ebigambo ebyo yabijja mukitabo ekyo ekya Sheikh Muhammad al Hussein A’lkashiful G’twaa-a.
Eky’okusaalirwa kwekusanga ate nga n’omulala atali oyo nga ekyo kyennyini naye kyeyakola.[84]
Singa ogend mu kitabo (Asulu Sshia wa Osuuluha) ojja kusanga Sheikh Al Kashiful Gitwaa-a nga byeyagamba byebino nti: ((mubintu abantu byebakolobola nabyo ku Bushia ne banyooma nabyo abashia biri ebintu bibiri:
1 – Ekigambo ky’abwe ekya Bada-a, nga kisamaaliriza abo ababakolobola nti: Bada-a abashia kyebagamba kitegeeza: okweyoleka kw’ekintu eri katonda omugalumivu nga ekintu ekyo katonda yali takirinaako kumanya kwonna mukusooka))!
Genda osome mu Asulu Sshia wa Osuuliha:
1 – Tabu-at Qahira mu mwaka 1958 adm p 231.
2 – Tabu-at ya Iran – Qum – mumwaka 1410 H, p 231.
3 – Tabu-at Nnajaful ashirafu mu mwaka 1969 AD, p 148.
4 – Tabu-at ya mu – assasat Imaamu Ali (as) nga kikakasibwa ositaadh Alaa-e Al Ja-afar, mu mwaka 1415H, p 313.
Tunuulira olabe engeri gyebazannyira ku Nassu. N’esangulwaako ekifuba kyaayo (entandiikwa) n’aleka ekitundu ekisembayo nga tekuli kikomo awatali kutya kw’onoona wadde okufunamu obuzibu. Kyokka nga sheikh Al Kaashfil Gitwaa-e, yayogera kukulinnyirira okwo muntandiikwa yekitabokye butereevu n’agamba nti: ((Abaffe ekyo kirina kyekiraga okujjako obutamanya bw’oyo alinnyirira, n’obukaafiiribwe obw’ekitemu? Kulw’okukakasaakwe obutamanya ku katonda omugu-lumivu, era nti yensibuko y’ebizuusi nenkyuukakyuuka, n’abeera nga avudde mu kifo ky’obwakatonda nadda mu kifo ky’ebitonde)).
Nabwekityo osanga abawalana abashia nga baba zuula-ko ebikyaamu eby’obulimba nga tebirina nsibuko yabyo munzikiriza y’abwe wadde munzikiriza y’abwe, mubo mwemuli Al balikh nga Sheikh Tuusi bweyakiwandiika mu Tafusiiriye[85] ne Gazaal[86], ne Raazy[87] ne Al A’amudy[88] nga ate Imaamu waabwe Al ashi-ary yakyanjula lwaatu nti ba Rafidha b’ayawukana kunsonga eyo neb’etemamu ebikunsu bisatu, nekyesigamizibwa kuky’okusatu ntinno ekyo tekkikkiriza Bada-a kukatonda omugulumivu, yagamba nti: ((Bagaana nga basangula ekintu ekyo kukatonda)).[89]
Ngamba nti: mubya faayo by’obushia n’abashia temuli era tewali y’esigamiza eri katonda omugulumivu Ati Bada-a kwekweyoleka kwekintu eri katonda nga ate abadde takimanyi, simubaasooka ate simubaliwo kati, newankubadde ebibinja by’obushia eby’abula ebyo ba Imaamu byeb’akaafuwaza nga b’egasse wamu n’abamanyi b’aba Imaamiyya, ekyo tekiba vanga mukamwa k’abwe era tebaky’ogerangako okujjako eby’ogerwa n’abamu kubeekubira abawalana obushia nga babwaawukanako.
Ekyo kyesigamizibwa kubimu mubibinja ebya mujassama ne mushabbiha kulweebyo byebalina mu bigambo n’ebiwandiiko ebifanagana n’okukola ebikwa ngala mumadiini okutuusa n’abamu mubo lweb’agamba – nga bwekiri mu kitabo Al milali sshahar-sitaani – nti: ((munsonyiwe kukuwona n’ekirevu era mumbuuze ekiri emabega w’ebyo))[90]!! Yagulumira katonda kubyeba-mwogerako byonna abo ab’onooyi olugulumira olunene, ate musango munene okw’ogera ku katonda eby’aswakaba n’obulimba byebatategeera.
Singa odda eri ebitabo by’ekishia ebyenzikiriza n’ebya Hadiith ojja kusanga okwanjuluza nga kyennyume ky’e-kyo kyebagamba mubujjuvu, era abashia bakaafuwaza buli yennaagamba nti katonda afunawo okumanya okupya kukintu ky’abadde tamanyi.
Mu kitabo Al Kaafi okw’awukana kw’oyo agamba bw’atyo mubujjuvu, ojja kusanga Hadiisi nga yava ku Abi Abdillah (as) nti ((katonda tayolekerwangako kumanya kupya mukintu kyonna okujjako nga ky’ali mu kumanya-kwe oluberyeberye nga tekinnaba kweyoleka[91]. Era yava kuye (as) nti ((mazima katonda teyayolekerwaako kintu nga takimanyi)).[92]
Era yava kuye nga mansuuru bin Hazimu yamubuuza nti (kisoboka olwaaleero okubeerawo ekintu nga tekya-abadde mu kumanya kwa katonda jjo olwayise? Yagamba (as) nti: ((Nedda, omuntu ayogera ekyo katonda amukkakkanye)). Nagamba nti: mbuulira eky’aliwo n’ekitannaba kubeerawo n’ekiribeerawo okutuuka kunko-merero. By’onna tebiri mukumanya kwa katonda? Yagamba nti: ((ye, yabimanya nga tannaba kutonda bitonde)).[93]
Ekyo bweky’ongerwa kubigambo by’abamanyi b’obu-shia mu kumanya kwa katonda omugulumiva ekige-ndererwa kimanyika nti sikyekiri abalimba kyebakakasa, Sheikh Mufiid yagamba nti: ((mazima katonda omugu-lumivu amanyi buli kyonna ekigenda okubeera nga tekinnaba kubeera, era te wali kizuukawo okujjako nga yakimanya nga tekinnaba kuzuukawo, era teri kimanyibwa nekisoboka okubeera nga kimanyibwa okujjako nga amanyi obukakafa bw’akyo, era nti ye katonda omugu-lumivu talina kintu kyonna kimwekweekako muno munsi ne muggulu bwegatyo amagezi bwegagamba n’ekitabo eky’awandiikibwa ne Hadiith eziri mutawaatiri okuva ku mubaka w’akatonda(saw), nga ago ge madhihibu ga ba Imaamiyya bonna))[94].
Tewali kyetaagisa kujjulula bigambo bya bamanyi b’abushia munsonga eyo, naye sikibi okw’ogerako agamu kumaswadiri n’ebitabo ebikulu eby’ayogerwa n’abamanyi abasunni, nga byanjuluza nti okumanya kwa katonda kwetooloola buli kintu nga tekinnaba kutondebwa olweto-oloola olujjuvu wabula ate waggulu w’okwetooloola okw’ogera bwekubeera nga kutuufu. Soma mubitabo bino:
Azzarii-a ekya seyyidi murutadhl (YF 436 H) 1: 128, ne Taqiriibul ma-ariifu ekya Halabi (YF 447 H): 41, ne Arrasa-elil ashara ekya Sheikh Tuusi (YF 460 H): 94, ne Al Iqitiswaadi al Hady ila Twariiqirrashad: 39 mutashabil Qur’an ekya Ibin Saharushuub (YF 558 H): 50 Tajiriidil itiqaad ekya naswiiru Ddiini Attuusi (YF 672 H): 192, Kashiiful muraad Allaamal Hilli (YF 376 H): 310, Babul Hadi ashara: 13 Annaafi-u fill yawumil Hashiri ekya Miqidaad Ssuyuuri (YF 828 H): 13, Irishaad Ttwaalibiina: 197, Alqabasaat ekya Seyyid Daamaad (YF 1041 H) 135. Ne 325, 418, Al Hikimatul muta – aliya mu Asifaaril Aqiliyya ali aruba-a ekya swadiril muta-allihiina (YF 1050 H) itaqqul yaqiini ekya Seyyid Abdullah shubbarl (YF 1242 H): 63. Alaa-u Rrah-maan ekya Sheikh al balaaqi (yf 1352 H).
Masi – alat fil Bada-a: 18, Naqidhil washii-ah ekya Seyyidil Amiin (YF 1373 H): 515, ma-alimul Falisafatil Isilaamiyya li Muhammadi Jawaadil Muguniya (YF 1401 H): 112 ne 114, Bidaayatul Hikima lisseyyidi Ttwaba-twabaa-e (YF 1402 H): 164, ne Miizaan 15: 189, Al Bad-a inda Sshii-ah ekya allaama Sseyyid Ali All – faani al Asfahani (Yf 1409 H): 63, mabuhathul Bada-a fittakiwiini fi kitaabul bayaan fi Tafusiiril Qur’an li Sseyyid Khuu-e (YF 1413 H): 390, Al badaa-a inda Sshia li Sseyyidi Muhammad Kalanta: 56, Al Bada-a fi dhawu-el Qur’an wa ssunna ekya Sheikh subuhaan: 121, Difaa-e anil Kaafu lisseyyidi itaamir al Amiidi 2: 7-213 nebirala, singa ebigambo by’abwe birinaanyisibwa nenzikiriza y’abwe mubitendo nga bwekimanyikiddwa nti ekitendo kya ilimu bakitwaalanga ekitendo ky’obwennyini bwa katonda, ekyo kikukakasa nti kizira era tekisoboka munzikiriza y’abwe ey’abashia kukyuusa ilimu ya katonda omugulumivu nabadaa-a nga bwebagamba.
Ekigambo Badaa-a okukiteeka ku katonda tekiriimu kabi konna oluvannyuma lw’okwanjuluza ekigendererwa mu kigambo ekyo n’ekisaanira ebigambo bya ba Ahalul bait (as) ebiyise okusooka, bo mubutuufu b’asangulawo ekyo ekyakakasibwa n’omulabe w’obushiya olusangula olw’okukutulirawo ddala, era neba kkafuwaza omuntu ab’awukanako kundowooza eyo, kwekyo Abamanyi b’obushiya kwe batoolera fatuwa nti omuntui agamba nti kisaanira okwesigamiza obutamanya ku katonda omugu-lumivu mungeri y’okumu teekako Badaa-a ekitegeeza okweyoleka oluvannyuma lw’obutamanya, oyo abeera mukaafiiri ne mubitabo byetw’ogeddeko mukusooka muli-mu okwanjuluza okwennyongeza kunsonga eyo mubutu-ufu bw’ayo awamu n’okunnyo nyola fatuwa z’abamanyi b’obushia, kulweekyo tewali kyetaagisa kuddamu kun-nyonyola, wabau la ffe twagala kunnyonyola nti amakulu agage ndererwa mu kigambo (BADAA-A) mu bigambo bya ba Imaamu ba Ahalul bait (as), nga bwekyalangirirwa n’ebitabo by’obushia eby’asooka go makulu malala agaali gali agatasoboka kugesigamiza ku katonda omugulumivu, nga kifaananako n’ekyayogerwa mu Qur’an entukuvu mubigambo nga (okuseemya) ne (Nkwe) n’o (kwerabira) nebiringa ebyo mubitendo ebitatendebwa naye mukutwa-alizaawamu.[95]
Kulweekyo kyajja mu Swahiih nga biva ku Imaamul Baqir (as) oluvannyuma lwa zurara okumubuuza kukiga-mbo kya katonda omugulumivu nti:[Teb’atulyaz’amaanya naye bo bennyini b’alinga b’eryazamaanya][96] Yagamba (as) nti: ((mazima katonda omugulumivu y’asinga obugulumivu n’ekitiibwa era yasinga okuziyiza okusi-ngako ye mwennyini okulyazaamaanya, wabula ye yatuta-bula ffe naye ye mwennyini n’abeera nti yafuula okulyaz’amaanya kwaffe nga kumulyazamaanya n’obufu-zi bwaffe nga bufuzibwe mukiseera wa gambira nti ((mazima mukama wammwe ye katonda n’omubakaawe n’abo abakkiriza)) ekitegeeza ba Imaamu okuva muffe)).[97]
Ebiri nga ebyo byayogerwa okuva ku Imaamu Swadiq, ne Imaamu kazwimu (as).[98]
Abamu kubana tafusiiri b’esigamira kukunnyonyola okwo mu tafusiiri z’abwe, okugezanga nuhaasi alabanga amakulugekigambo kya ka tonda omugulumivu nti: [Bwemunaabeera nga mutaasizza katonda ajja kubata-asa][99] kitegeeza nti bwemutaasa eddiini ya katonda neba-waliibe, okwo yakuffula kumutaasa mungeri esaanira)).[100]
N’abamanyi b’obushia ba kyanjuluza nti Badaa-a mu makulu g’akyo mululimi oluwarabu agategeeza okweyo-leka kw’ekintu oluvannyuma lwo kubeera nti obadde tokimanyiiko, kyawuka na ku (Bada-a) ekitegeeza okusa-ngula n’okujjulula, ekisooka katonda akyesamba nnyo: okwawukana kuky’okubiri ekitaliimu wadde akabi.
Mwekyo mwemuli ekigambo kya Sheikh Twaefa Ttuusi (RM) nti: Naye enjogera eyo singa egatibwa – Al Badda-a- neyesigamizibwa eri katonda omugulumivu, mubyo mwemuli ebisaana okumwesigamizaako, ate mubyo mwemuli ebitasaanira.
Naye ekisaanira okubeera nti kyesigamizibwa eri katonda mu makulu ga BADA-A kyekifuniddwa mu Riwaaya mwennyini, nekibeera nti okukimuteekako kiri mungeri ya kugaziya, kuludda olwo kwetusinziira okutwaalira ebyayogerwa ne ba Swadiqain (sa) mu Hadiith ezirimu amakulu ga Bada-a nga kisoboka okukye-sigamiza ku Katonda omugulumivu okuleka ebitasaana nga okufuna okumanya-Ilim- oluvannyuma lw’okubeera nti abadde tamanyi. Nekibeera nti ekkubo lyokuteeka ensonga eyo kukatonda eri nti bwekibeera nga kiri muma-kulu g’okukyuusaamu kyaayolesa kubaddube n’abalaga kyebabadde tebamanyi, nebakifunako Ilim okukimanya oluvannyuma lw’okubeere nti babadde tebakimanyi era-nga tebakirina, ekyo kye kiyitibwa nti Bada-a)).[101]
Usutaaziwe Sheikh mufiid yagamba nti: ((mumakulu ga Bada-a nange ngamba nga abasiraamu bwebagamba bonna mukukyuusa n’ebiringa ebyo: mukwetaaga oluvannyuma lw’obuteetaaga, n’okulwaaza oluvannyuma lw’okuwonya, n’okufa oba okutta oluvannyuma lw’okuwa obulamu, nekyo Abana adil kyebaliko mubutonde nga kyekyo-kwongera mubuwangaazi ne Riziq n’okubikendeezaamu nga kisinziira kumirimu. Naye okugamba Bada-a ekyo nkikoze kulwakuwulira okwogerwa nti waliwo amakubo agali wa kati w’abaddu ne katonda omugulumivu. Era singa s’awulira ekyo kyemmanyi nti kituufu n’alibadde sikkiriza kukyogera. Nabwekityo singa sajjirwa kuwulira nti katonda omugulumivu: Anyiiga, n’asiima Ayagala, neyenyumikirza n’ekyo ekiba kimuteekeddwaako, Naye okuwulira okwo bwekwamala okunzijira, nakikkiriza nga ngendera kumakulu agatagaana kukkirizibwa namagezi.
Wakati wange ne wakati w’abasiraamu bonna tewalinjawulo mumulyango ogwo. Wabula eyabaawuka-nako yabaawukanako munjatuza so sikirala, ago ge madhi-hibu ga ba Imaamiyya sikirala. Nabuli yenna eyaya-wukana ku madhibu ga ba Imaamiyya, akyetamwa kulwekitendo kyakyo mulinnya so simumakulu era nti takisiima)).[102]
Ngamba nti: Ekyo abalimba kyebawaayira ku bashia mu kuvvuunula oba mu Tafussiiri ya zujaji eri ekigambo kya katonda omugulumivu nti: [Tujja kubagezesezaddala okutuusa lwetunamanya abalwaanyi mummwe n’abagu-mukiriza].[103]
Yagamba nti: ((ye katonda omugulumivu yamanya oluberyeberye nga tannaba kubatonda nti bano balwaanyi ate bano bagumiikiriza, wabula mu Aya yagedereramu okumanya okubeerawo mukusasula empeera, olwensonga nti katonda abasasula empeera okusinziira ku mirimu gy’abwe.
Tekiyinza kwekweeka kw’oyo alina okutegeera okw’okumpi nti mazima zujaaji mwekyo yagendereramu ekigamba nti: katonda alina okumanya kwa mirundi ebiri:
OKUMANYA OKWEKYAAMA: Okwo nga kwekumanya okwetooloola buli kintu munsi muno okuva ku nsigo n’okubeerawo kw’ayo okutuusa mirembe na mirembe, era ekyo abashia kyebagamba mubujjuvu bw’akyo. Bonna bonna.
Nekibeera nti amakulu ag’omunda: okutuusa lwa anamanya abalwaana mukkubo lya katonda battibwe ku Shahadh, katonda omugulumivu yamanya ebye kyaama, naye ate okusasula empeera nga thawaabu n’o kubonereza ekyo kibeerawo kukumanya okw’okungulu.[104]
OKUMANYA OKW’OKUNGULU: Kitegeeza okuma-nya okw’abuliwo, okumanya kuno kubeerawo mumuteeko oguddirira kugusooka, nekibeera nti ye aya-gala muma kulu ag’omunda ekigamba nti: tusobole okumanya nti okulwaana kwabwe wekuli mubutuufu tusobole oku basasula empeera y’okulwaana kw’abwe, awama n’oku manya kwaffe oluberyeberye nga tetunnaba kubatonda nti bajja kulwaana. Kulw’okubanga okulwaana kwaaliwo mukumanya okw’ekyaama, naye mukumanya kuno okw’okungulu tekwaaliwo, olwensonga kwalite-kunnaba kukakata mubwennyi bw’akwo. Okumanya mubuliwo kubeerawo luvannyuma lwa kufunika kw’akwo, kati tewali kabi wadde ekyonoono okugamba nti okuma-nya okwengeri eyo kweyolekera eri katonda omugu-lumivu, sikubanti kiva kubutamanya wabula kiviiraddala kukumanya okujjuvu.
Ekyo Bwekiba kimaze okunnyonyoka, kati olina okukimanya nti bwekibeera nga okwesigamiza BADA-A eri katonda omugulumivu, kwesigamiza okutali kwa namaddala, ekyo kibeera bwekityo mungeri y’okukkiriza nti okukyesigamiza eri katonda mu bwennyini bw’akyo mubukakafu kiba kimukakasaako obusiru.
Naye ekyo bwekiba tekikkirizibwa, kumusingi ogwekigambo ekigamba nti Bada-a kisukkawo mukubeera nti kweyoleka kwandowooza oluvannyu ma lw’obuta-manya, awo ensonga Nneyolefu, era awo mukukyesiga miza kukatonda mubukakafu bw’akyo temubeeramu kabi konno, okusinziira kuky’otegedde ne kundowooza ya zujaj nti okufulumya eby’okulwaanyisa muddwaaniro n’oku-fiira mukkubo lya katonda ekyo tekibeera kipya nti kyeyolese eri katonda omugulamivu oluvannyuma lweddaala eriddako mukumanya okutaliiko mfuufu kunso-nga eyo. Ekyo katonda yagulumira kukyo olugulumira olunene. Wabula kubeera kweyoleka eri katonda omugulumivu mu sitepu eddako mukumanya okw’oku-ngulu, kuli kwe kumanya okwekyaama okwetoloola ebintu byonna nga tebinnabakubeerawo era tekulinaako kikomo wadde obuwanvu, kati okukyuusa mukumanya kwa katonda omugulumivu kuliwa nammwe bwe mutunuulira?!
Mubimu kubiri mu al Kafu byeyajja ku Al Kahil, yagamba nti: Nawandiikira Abil Hassan (Imaamul Kadhim) (as) mu Duwa nti: Amatendo gonna ga katonda alina okumanya okw’ekikomo))!! Yagamba nti: N’awa-ndiika gyendi nti: ((Togambanga nti alina okumanya okuliko ekikomo, okumanya kwa katonda tekulina kikmo. Wabula gamba nti: ow’ekigero mu kusiimakwe kubanga kwo kuliko ekikomo)).
Oluvannyuma ate abo baliwa mu Hadiith eza Bukhaar n’ebigambo bya abamanyi b’abwe?:
Okugeza nga Hadiith ya miiraaji ennyanjulukufa mu kukyuusa ekyakakasibwa nekigerebwa emirundi ena egy’omuddirinnganwa mu kissera kimu[105], wamu ne nsonga erimu nga ekolobola kubanga mulimu okufu mita okw’olwaatu ku ba Nabbi nti baddiriranga omulundi ogutali gumu mubiragiro ebitaliiko kalombo lombo nga bwekiteekweeka.
Eky’okulabirako ye Hadiith ya Isitisiqaa-e[106] eyalagirira nti okukyuusa mubintu byekibwatukira kweyawulira kuki-ntu ekiriko akalombolombo mukugerebwa kwakyo.
Ne Hadiith egamba nti mazima katonda azuula wo eki-pya munsongaye ekyo kyabeera ayagadde[107] ne Hadiith z’okuyunga ekika n’okusaddaaka nga ziva ku Abi Huraira n’abalala[108]. Ne Hadiith Gufuraani zunuuba mu kiro kya lailatul Qadir nga eva ku Abi Huraira.[109] Ne Hadiith (mukole buli kimu kyangu)[110] ne Hadiith yejjinja elyabikka kubasajja abasatu nebamatira nti bafudde ate ne ribajjibwaako kulw’okusaba kw’abwe.[111]
Ne Hadiith ya Baddaa-a ennyanjulukufu nga eva ku Abi Huraira mu bukhar nga yesigamizibwa ku Nabbi (saw) nga mwemuli: ((Nti abantu basatu mubani Isiraa-el: ow’olumamya, ow’ekiwalaata, omuzibe wa amaaso kyeyolekera eri katonda okubeera nti abagezesa…)[112]. Abaffe kibeera kya mubwenkenya obu talaba (Bada-a ya Bukhar) naye (Bada-a ya Kulain) yokka yebeera erabi-bwa? Katonda alw’anyise okwagala kw’emitima neba Nannyinikwo.
Ndayidde katonda wange,singa babadde bazzeeko eri ekyo Aluusi kyeyayogera mu kuvvuunula ekigambo kya katonda omugulumivu nti [katonda asangulawo ky’aba ayagadde ate n’anyweeza kyabeera ayagadde, era yalina okumanya okw’omunda] (era gy’ali y’eri maama we kitabo)).[113]
Yayogera mutafusiiriye ebaluwa gyeyawandiikira mu Bagidad eri omu kubamanyi b’ebagidad mu ba sunni kulwensonga y’okukyuusa okugera okwe dda, yagamba nti: ((mulimu: Tewali kintu kyonna okujjako nga kisoboka okukikyuusa wadde n’okuge ra okwedda!! N’ajulizaako nensonga ziwerako)).[114]
Bweyamala n’ayogera enjuliza mpanvu tetuzirinaako bwetaavu.
Ekyewuunyisa okw’ogerebwa, kiri nti Abal Hassanil Ashi-ary Imaamu wa Asha-era yayanjuluza nti Hadiith ya (Asharatil mubasshara) eyimiridde kubutakyuusa ku kyeb’aliko mubulamu bwa Nabbi (saw) era bafiire kubu-kkiriza.[115] Wano ky’ova olabanga omaru yalinga agamba nti: ((singa omukowooze akowoola nti: Abantu bonna ba mujjana okujjako omu yekka n’alirowoozezza nti nze omu oyo gwebajjuluddemu))!![116]
Ekiringa ekyo, Qurutubi byeyajjulula nga abijja ku maliki bin Diinaar nti yasabira omukazi nga ali lubuto n’agamba nti: ((Ai, katonda bwemubeera nga mulubutolwe muliimu muwala nkusaba omu fuule mulenzi kubanga mazima osangula kyo beera oyagadde ate n’onyweeza ky’obeera oyogadde gy’oli y’eri ensibuko y’ekitabo ky’ebyo by’okyuusa ne by’onyweeza)).[117]
Ky’ali kirungi eri abo abavumirira basooke bate geere bulungi ebiri munzikiriza y’abwe bulunginnyo bategeere endowooza y’abamanyi b’abwe muilimu ya katonda omugulumivu, singa bali bakitegedde b’alikwatiddwa ensonyi mubigambo by’abwe ebyo ebikyaamu. Kubanga munzikiriza ya ba Ashi-ariyya kigambibwa nti okukyuusa mu kugera n’okulamula tekukakasa busiru wadde okukyuusa mubwennyini bwa katonda, kubanga oku-kyuusa gyebali kubeera mubyannyo ngeza, ate bo balaba ekitendo kya Ilimu nyo ngeza yanjawulo eri wakati w’omumanyi n’ekimanyibwa. Oba kitendo kyamazima ddala kyekyongerwaako.
Bwetuzimbira kukisooka nga Aluusi bweyakya njuluza (Ilim) okumanya kwennyini kwekukyuuka, ate kuky’o-kubiri: ekyongerwa ku Ilimu kyekikyuuka kyokka. Yaga-mba nti okusinziira ku kugerageranya okwemirundi ebiri tekikakasa kukyuusa mu kitendo ekiriwo, wabula makulu gegakyuuka.[118] Yensonga lwakitusanga mu Risaala (kitabo) Aluusi kyeyajjulula nga mulimu enzikiriza enzijuvu okutali kalombo lombo nga mulimu okukkiriza okukyuusa buli kintu ekiri munsi muno wadde n’ekyo ekyalimu nga kyamala okugerebwa okuva edda nedda!
Okitegeddeko kukwanjuluza kw’omusomesa omukulu Hamid Janaf Dawud al Musiry amarinyikiddwa nekye-yawandiiika nti: ((Abashia ba Imaamiyya kya kuwona mw’ebyo abantu byebatategeera ku Badaa kubanga ekye-gattibwaako gyebali, n’eri abamanyi bonna kiri nti mazi-ma Ilimu ya katonda yadda eriwala nnyo era tekisoboka kugikyuusaamu nabirowoozo ebibalibwa nga bitendo byabitonde, Naye ekituusibwaako okukyuusaamu n’oku-sangulwaawo oluvannyuma lw’okunywezebwa kye kiri ku lawuhil mahfuudhi, kulwekigambo kya katonda nti: ((katodna asangulawo obuwuufu bwekyo kya aba ayagadde ate n’anyweeza kya ayagala kisigale wo))[119]. Eki-ringa ekyo mubujju vu kyekyo Muhammad Abdul Kari-imu Atuumu kyeyagamba, olinga awulira nti kyajjululwa ku Dactoor Hamid Hanafi, D’awud nenjawulo ntonno.[120]
Ngamba nti: Ekyo kifu, tewali n’omu eyaky’ogera mubashia ba Imaamiyya. Yes, byayogera ku Bada-a ekyo kyebagamba nga bwotegedde nayenga tebagamba nti okukyuusa kubeera mu Ilimu ya katonda eyakuumibwa, eyo Ilimu gyebali tekkirizibwa kukyuusibwaamu wadde n’akatono, era bo begaffu kunsonga eyo mungeri yakusikirana nga kugoberera ba Imaamu b’abwe(as).
Wabula b’agamba nti ekifunibwaamu okukyuusi-bwaamu kekabaawo k’okusangula n’okunyweeza ako akalaga ekifaananyi ky’okweyoleka kw’oku manya kwa katonda omugulumivu, abamu ba giyita Ilimul fi – eliyyi, Sheikh subuhaani yagamba nti: ((Naye okumanya kwe mukukola, kitegeeza kabaawo ka kusangula nakunyweeza, ekitegeeza bweyolekero bwa Ilimu ya katonda omugulumivu mu kifo ky’okukola, Bwekigambibwa nti katonda yakyuusa mu kumanyakwe, Bagendereramu kweyoleka okwo)).[121]
Subuhaani yabawakanya kiwanvu mubitabobye bisatu[122] mubutuufu yagaziya nnyo mubyo naddala mu kitabokye (Al Bada-a fi Ddwawu-el Kitab wa Ssunna) nga ayagala kukakasa nti okukyuusa mugamu kumadaala g’okulamula nekitegeeza kukyuusa Ilimu, nga ate waliwo ab’amusooka bangi kunsonga eyo nga bwetugambye mukw’ogera ebitabo by’abwe mu bamanyi b’obushia.
[1] - Faidhul ba’arry, ekya kashimiir Addiyubandy 1: 57.
[2] - Tarekh Ibin Khaluduun 1: 556 ekitund/ 52.
[3] - omudatul Qarri-u Shareh Sahiihil bukhar ekya Aine 1: 5.
[4] - Fatuhal Baar bishareh swahihi Bukhaar, ekya Ibin Hajari Asikalaan: 381.
[5] - omudatul Qarri-u Shareh Swahiihil Bukhaar 1: 8, 45.
[6] - Irishaad Ssaari lishareh Swahiih Bukhar, ekya Qasitalaani 1: 29.
[7] - Wafaayaatul A-ayaan, ekya Ibin Khaludun 4: 208.
[8] - Swahiih Musilim Shareh Nnawawi, ekya Nawawi Sshafi-e 1: 19.
[9] - Kashifu Zzunuun, ekyz Haji Khaliifa 1: 641.
[10] - man – layahudhuruhul Faqiih 4: 151/523 – 524.
[11] - man-la yahudhuli faqiih 2: 55/241.
[12] - Jawabaat Ahalul Muuswila fil adad warruya: 19 – 20.
[13] - Jawaabaati masa-el Rrasiyya: 331.
[14] - Jawabaat masa-el Tarabolisiyyat italith 410 ne 411 ne 419.
[15] - Jawabaat (m.t.th) ekya Sharifu Murutadha: 211.
[16] - Jawabaat masa-el Tabanniyyaat, ekya Shariifu Murutadh 21.
[17] - Mustadirikil Wasa-el, ekya allaamah Annuuri3: 533. Fil Fa-edat Rra-bi-ah minla khatimah.
[18] - Al Hajar 9: 10.
[19] - kitab Ttawuhiid, ekya Swaduuq: 353/24. Ne Al khiuswaal 2: 417/9 bb 0. Man-la yahudhuruhul Faqiih 1: 36/133 bb 14. Wasa-el 15: 369/ 20769 bb 65 mu miryango gya Jihad Nnafusi min kitabul Jahad.
[20] - Muqaddimat Fatihul b’ary Shareh Swahiih Bukhaare: 432.
[21] - Osuulul Kaffe 1: 55/ 1-12.
[22] - Osuulul Kaffe 1: 55/1 – 12.
[23] - Siyanatul Qur’an mina ttahariif: 223.
[24] - Al washii-at fi naqid aqa-ed shiia: 23.
[25] - Assiraa-e bain Isilam wal wathaniyya: 710.
[26] - Imaam Sswadiq: 323.
[27] - Drasat Anil Firaq fi Taarekhil Musilimiina: 228.
[28] -Asshiia wal Qur’an: 31.
[29] - Addural Manthuur, ekya Suyuutwi, 5: 18. At Ittiqaan fi Oluumulul Qur’an, ekya Suyuutwi 3: 82.
[30] - Al mahalla, ekya Ibin Hazim 11: 234 amsi-ala 2204. Ittiqaan 3: 82. Ma-alimu ttanziil 1: 136 ne fawatih Rrahmuut 2: 73.
[31] - Al Buruhan fi Oluumul Qur’an, ekya zarikish 2: 41 – 42.
[32] - Sahiih Musilim 2: 726/1050. Ne Buruhaan fi Oluumul Qur’an 1: 43. Ne Ddural Manthuur 8: 587.
[33] - Al Ittiqaan fi Oluumul Qur’an: 242 – 243 yabijjaku Tabaraani.
[34] - Busitaanel arifiina, kyatungib wa kunkomerero, yekitabo Tambiihil ghafiliina fil mau-edha ne Ahaadiith za Seyyidil Ambiyae walimurusaliina – byombiri bya abi Llaith Faqiih ssamuraqand al Hanafi: 457 babu 149.
[35] - Al Kahafu 18: 5.
[36] - Difaa-u an Kaafi, ekya Seyyid thaamir al amiidy 2: 333 – 440.
[37] - Al ani – amu 6: 33.
[38] - Rawudhatul Kaafi 8: 200/241.
[39] - Majima bayaani 4: 367.
[40] - Rawudhatul Kaafi 8: 205/247.
[41] - Tahariiful Qur’an, ekya Muhammadi maalillah: 62.
[42] - Al Hajar 15: 41. Osuulul Kaafi 1: 351/63.
[43] - Annisaa-e 4: 59.
[44] - Osuulul kaafi 1: 193/4.
[45] - Al Qiyam 75: 16 – 18 Swahiih Musilim 1: 320/ 147 – 148. Swahihi Bukhaare 6: 240 bab Taritiil fil Qiraa-ah.
[46] - Addural Manthuur 8: 222/280.
[47] - Rawudhatul Kaafi: 8: 222/280.
[48] - Ashiia wa Qur’an: 73. Rijaalu Sshi-a fil Miizaane: 167. Shii-a watahariiful Qur’an: 64. Ne Dirasatul Anil Firaq fi Tarekhel Musliminna: 227.
[49] - Osuulul Kaafi 1: 55/1.
[50] - Osuulul Kaafi 1: 55/3.
[51] - Osuulul Kaafi 1:56/5.
[52] - Osuulul Kaafi 1:178/1.
[53] - Feheresit Ibin Naddim: 41.
[54] - Ta-asiisi Sshii-ah l-oluumul Isilaam, ekya Seyyid Hassan Sswadir: 316.
[55] - Al – Ahzaabu 33: 33.
[56] - Al – Ahzaab 33: 34.
[57] - Al Ma-eda: 5: 3.
[58] - Al Khawarizimiyyi al Hanafi mu kitabokye ekiyitibwa: maqital Imaam Hussein (as) 1: 48. Yesigamiza Riwaaya y’okukka kwa Aya eyo eri ba Swahaba, oluvannyuma lwokulondebwa kwa Imaamu Ali (as) butereevu, era n’agamba nti eyo Nassu: yayogera Hadiith eno ey’eya wulidde okukka kwa Aya-oluvannyuma lw’okulondebwa kwa Imaamu Ali (as) mu Ghadiir Khumu nga Khawarizimiyyi bwe yagijjulula mwennyini nga tannaba kw’ogera bigambo ebyo butereevu – muba Swahaba : Omar, Ali, Barra-u bin Azibu, Sa-ad bin Abi Waqqaaswi, Talihah bin Obaidillah, Hussein bin Ali, Ibin Masuud, Ammaari bin Y’asiri, Abu Zariii, Abu Ayyuubu, Ibin Omar, Imraan bin Haswiin, buraida bin Haswiibu, Abu Hurairah, Jabiri bin Abdullah, Abu Rafi-e mawula Rasuulullah. Erinnyalye ye: Asilam. Habashiyyu bin Junadah, Zaid bin Sharaahiil, Tariir bin Abdullah, Anasi, Huzaifa bin Osiyad al Ghaffari, Zaid bin ariqam Abdurrahmaan Ibin ya-amar Ddu-al, Amur bin Hamqa, Amur bin Sharaahiibiil, Najiyat bin Omar, Jabir bin Samura, Maliki bin Huwarithi, Abu Dhu-aibu Ssa-eri, Abdullah bin Rabii-ah)).
[59] - Al Ma-eda 5: 55.
[60] - mubyewuunyisa eby’ogerwa nga biva kubanatafusiiri abamu nti omu ku bannaafuusi ababikkirira kubunnaafusi bw’abwe muba swahaba yeyasaddaaka empeta makumi ana nga zonna yazisaddaakira musswala nga osuubira nti wajja kukkayo Aya nga eyakka ku Ali (as). Kyagambiwa n’omwogezi ayogera nti – newakka Aya eno nti ((Teyasaddaaka ate teyasaala))!! Ate mu kitabo (Difaa-e anil Kaafi) ekya seyyid Haamir al Amiidiyy 1: 102, 112, mulimu okuanjuluza amanya g’abamanyi bonna mu bana Hadiith n’abanatafusiiri abo ab’ayanjuluza okukka kwa Aya ku Imaamu Ali (as).
[61] - Swahiihi Bukhaar 8: 300 – 304/ 25.
[62] - Swahiihil Bukhaar 8: 300 – 304/25.
[63] - Swahiih musilim 1: 89/113.
[64] - Swahiihi Bukhar 8: 300 – 304/25.
[65] - Fatuhul Baary Bishareh Swahiihil Bukhaary. 9: 65 ne 12: 261.
[66] - Swahihi Bukhaar 4: 167 emabega wa Hadiith/ 261.
[67] - Swahiih Bukhaar 6: 240.
[68] - Swahiihi Musilim 2: 726/ 1050.
[69] - Swahiihi Musilim 2: 725/ 1048/116 ne 117.
[70] - Swahiihi Musilim 2: 725/118.
[71] - Swahiihi Musilim 2: 726/1050 (119) kitaabuzaka. Swahiihi Bukhar 8: 115. Musindad Ahmad 3: 122 ne 243 ne 4: 368 ne 6: 55. Sunan Ddaranii 2: 319. Majima-a Zzawaa-ed 1: 243.
[72] - Al – Ittiqan fi Olumul Qur’an 3: 81 – 82.
[73] - Muntakhab Kanzul Ommaal 2: 50.
[74] - Al IttiQan fi Oluumul Qur’an 1: 273.
[75] - Hashiyat ssadyaalikuuti Ala Sharehel mawaqif 8: 251. Juzu ey’o kuna.
[76] - Addurarul Manthuur, ekya Ssuyuutwi 8: 696.
[77] - Al Idhaah, ekya Fadhil bin Shadhan: 229.
[78] - Ibin Hazim fi mu hallaa 11: 235 masi-ata no 2204, Addamiir fi Hayatil Hayawaani 1: 464.
[79] - Al Kasshaaf, ekya za makhishar 3: 248.
[80] - Al Kasshaaf, ekya za makhishar 3: 248.
[81] - okutuuka kukumanya okusingawo mu Riwaayaat ez’obulimba mubitabo bya abasuunni. Genda osome mu: Difaa-e anil Kaafi ekya seyyidil thamiril Amiidy 2: 44 – 504. Mulimu eby’okulabirako kikumi mubifananye by’okukyuusa eri abasunni ne mu bitabo by’abwe.
[82] - Al Musitafa ekya Gazaal 1: 111. Ne mahsuul, ekya Raaziy 1: 543, ne muntahal wusuulu ekya Ibinil Hajibu: 155 – 155. Ne Tahawwiil minal mahsuul, ekya armmuwi 2: 10. Tafusiir ibin Aluusi – Tafasiir Ibin Kathiir – mukuvvuunula Aya (106) mussuula ya al baqara.
[83] - Osuulu Ssurukhissi 2: 54 – 55 ne 2: 59. Tafsiir Kurutuba 2: 64. Mamakhuul ekya Gazaal: 288. Al Buruhaan, ekya zarakhishi: 2: 30. Ittiqaan ekya suyytwi, 3: 67. Milal wa Nnahal ekya shahar – sitaan 1: 211.
[84] - Asshi-a wa Ssunna, ekya Ihisaan Ilaahi Zwahiir: 63 ne Ahwaali Ssunna fi Iran, ekya Abdul Haqqi Asfahaan: 86. Ne butulaan Aqa-ed Sshia, ekya Muhammad Abdussataar Attuunsuuwi: 23.
[85] - Attibuyaan fi Tafusiiril Qur’an 1: 13 muntandiikwa.
[86] - Al Mustafa 1: 110.
[87] - Attafusiiril Kabiir ekya Razy 19: 66.
[88] - Al Ahkam fi Osuulil Ahkaam, ekya Al Amudy 3: 102.
[89] - Maqaalaatil Isilaamiyyiina, ekya ashi-ary: 39.
[90] - Al Milal wannahal, ekya Sharu-sitaan 1: 96.
[91] - Osuulul Kaafi 1: 114/ 9 babul Bada-a.
[92] - Osuulul Kaafi 1: 114/ 10 babul Bada-a.
[93] - Osuulul Kaafi 1: 114/ 11 babul Bada-a.
[94] - Awaa-elit maqddlaat, ekya Sheikh mufiid: 60.
[95] - Essuula ya Nisaa-e 4: 142. Tawuba 9: 67. Araafu 7: 51.
[96] - Al – Baqara 2: 57.
[97] - Ossulul Kaafu 1: 113/11 bab Nnawadir.
[98] - Ossulul Kaafi 1: 112/6 bab Nnawadir 1: 360.
[99] - Muhammad 48: 7.
[100] - Irabul Qur’an ekya Nahas 4: 180.
[101] - Iddatul Osuulu, ekya Sheikh T’usi 2: 29 Twabu-atal Hajariyya.
[102] - Awaa-el maqaalaat, ekya Sheikh Mufiid: 92 – 93.
[103] - Muhammad 47: 31.
[104] - Ma-anil Qur’an wa Iraabuh , ekya Zujja 5: 16.
[105] - Swahiih Bukhar 1: 98. Kitab Sswala.
[106] - Swahiih Bukhar 2: 34 Babul Isitisiqaa-e fil Masijidil Jami-e.
[107] - Swahiih Bukhar 9: 187 bab Qawuluh Ta-ala (kully yawumu Huwa).
[108] - Swahiih Bukhar 8: 6 bab man yabustu lah (fi sha-an).
[109] - Swahiih Bukhar 3: 59 babu Fadhul lailatul Qadir.
[110] - Swahiih Bukhar 8: 152 Bab Qawuluh Ta-ala ((wakana amuruh mafu-ula)).
[111] - Swahiih Bukhar 8: 3 babu ijabat Du’a man Barra w’alidaihi.
[112] - Swahiih Bukhar 4: 208 – 209. Kitabul Ambiya-e babu mazukira an Bani Isra-el.
[113] - Aarra-ad 13: 39.
[114] - Tafusiiril Aluusi Al Musamma bi Ruuhul Ma-an fi Tafusiir Qur’an Azwiim wa ssabu-ul mathaani) 13: 170 – 171 fi Tafusiir Aya (39) mu Ssuula ya Ra-ad.
[115] - maqaalaatil Islamiyya wa Ikhitilaaful Muswalliina ekya Abil Hassanil Ashi-ary: 471.
[116] - Ruhul ma-an 13: 170 – 171.
[117] - Al Jami-u li-Ahkaamul Qur’an, ekya Qurtubi 9: 329 330. Kanzul Ommaal 12: 620.
[118] - Ruhul ma-an, ekya Aluusi 13: 171.
[119] - Nazwaraat fil Kutubul Khalida: 19. Ne ssuula Arra-ad 13: 39.
[120] - Annazwariyyatu Ssiyasiyya al mu-aswira lishiiatul Imaamiiyya Ithina ashar.
[121] - Al –Ilahiyyat, ekya Subuhaani: 582.
[122] - Al Ilahiyyaat: 566. Mafahimul Qur’an 6: 295 ne 330.


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text:
Bwekiba nga kikkirizibwa, kiki ekigendererwa muhadith ya Nabbi (s.a.w): “Mazima omubaka wakatonda(s.a.w) yakolima abayahuud nabanawaara olwokubanga baafuula entaana zabaNabbibaabwe amasinzizo.” Tekirowoozebwa mizikiti kumpi nantaana z’abaagalwa bakatonda nga kyekigenderewa mu hadith eyo?!
Mazima okuzimba emizikiti okumpi nentaana z’abaagalwa bakatonda temuli bukyaamu n’akatono kubanga ekyo kyitwaalibwa nga ky’ekimu kubintu ebikulu ebikkirizibwa mubusiramu olwensonga nti ekigendererwa mukuzimba emizikiti egyo kibeera kyakusinzizaamu katonda okuliraana n’omwagalwaawe eyawa ekitundu ekyo kyeyaziikibwaamu ekitiibwa, n’omukisa. Nemunjogera endala: ekigendererwa mukuzimba emizikiti mubitundu ebyo, kwekusikiriza abantu okusaala eswala ezabalalikibwaako balyooke balambule entaana ezo oba oluvanyuma lwokulambula.
Kale okusinziira kunsonga eyo, nekunsonga eyokubeera nti kikkirizibwa okulambula entaana – wadde eri abawahaab – era nabwekityo tekibeera haraam kusaala nakukola Ibaada ndala oluvanyuma olwokulambuula entaana oba oluberyeberye.
N’olw’ekyo tekirina makulu kuziyiza kuzimba mizikiti okuliraana n’entaana z’abantu abalongoofu abantu mwebasaalira eswala ezabalalikibwaako.
Mazima ekyafaayo kya “Aswihabul kahaf” kitumala okutegeera nti okuzimba omuzikiti okuliraam n’e ntaana yali nkola yadda okuviiraddala mubibiina ebyasooka nemumateeka agaasooka. Era ne Qur’an ey’ekitiibwa eyogera kunk’ola eyo naye nga teraga nti oba yali nkola nkyaamu.
Qur’an enyonyola nti amawulire g’abavubuka abaali mumpuku eyo “kahaf” – oluvanyuma olwemyaaka ebisatu mw’omwenda – abantu beyawulamu emirundi ebiri mukubagulu miza n’okubawa ekitiibwa:
1- Abamu baagamba nti “mubazimb’eko emizimbo” olw’okusigala nga babajjukira.
2- Abamu nebagamba – abaawangula – nti tuzimbe muzikiti kumpuku eyo, tusinzize katonda okuliraana nentaana ez’abo abaagaana okusinza ebitali katonda era nebadduka okuva mukitundu kyabakaafiiri nebagenda gyebasobola okwaawulira katonda waabwe.
Abavvuunuzi ba Qur’an bagamba nti ekirowoozo ekyaasooka, ky’ava mubamushirikiina ate eky’okubiri kyaava mubakkiriza abaawula Allah. Qur’an wegambira nti “Baagamba abo abaawangula nti tujja kuba zimb’ako omuzikiti”.
Kyagambibwa mubyafaayo, nti okuzuuka kw’amawulire ga Aswihabul kahaf kwaali mumulembe ogwokwawula katonda okuwangula Shirik, era nomukulumbeze owabamushirikiina – eyali akoowoola abantu okwesinza amasanam – yawangulibwa n’abakkiriza oluvanyuma olwekirowoozo kyaabwe okubeera nga kyekyayitamu ekyokuzimba omuzikiti.
Kale okuzimba kuntaana z’abalongoofu emizikiti oba kumabbali waazo bwekuba nga Shirik lwaaki ekirowoozo ekyo kyaafuluma mubakkiriza? Era lwaaki Qur’an yaleeta ekirowoozo ekyo awatali kukiwakanya?
Abaffe ekyo tekiraga kukkiri zibwa?
Era tekibeera kituufu katonda kw’ogora bigambo byabamushirikina Nabbisirikako awatali kutubuulira nti bikyaamu. Mazima Qur’an okunyweeza ekirowoozo ekyo, kiraga obutuufu bwekirowoozo kyabakkiriza kyebaaleeta. Ata kimanyikiddwa bulungi nti Qur’an bwenyweeza ekintu tusobola okukyeekwaatako.
Era ekyo kiraga nti enkola y’abakkiriza abaawula katonda munsi yonna yali etambulira kunsonga eyo era nga okuzimba kuntaana kwaali kutwaalibwa nga eri emu kungeri eziraga okugulumiza nanyini ntaana n’okumuwa ekitiibwa n’okumu fun’ako emikisa.
Mubutuufu, abawahab kyebaalikoze, kwekusooka okulaba kiki Qur’an ky’egamba, noluvanyuma, batunuleku zihadith ezeekitiibwa.
Bino, by’ebimu kubyebekwaasa kunsonga eyo:
Abawahab, ebintu byebesembesa kukuziyiza okuzimba emizikiti okuliraana entaana zabalongoofu biwer’ako naye nga b’esembesa nyo hadith era tugenda kuzireeta noluvanyuma tuzitunulemu tulabe oba zisaana okwesembesa oba nedda.
Bukhar yayogera mukitabokye – mumulyango ogwoogera kukuta-mwa kwokuteeka emizikiti kuntaana – hadith bbiri, era z’ezino:
1- Bweyamala okufa, Hassan bn Hassn bn Ali, mukyaalawe yazimba kuntaanaye okumala omwaaka mulamba, oluvanyuma, n’agizimbulul’ako, nebawulira eddoboozi nga ligamba nti abaffe, basanze ekyababulako? Ne bawulira eddoboozi eddala nga liddamu nti nedda, balemereddwa, nebagenda.
2- katonda yakolimira abayahuud n’aba Naswaara kubanga baddira entaana zabaNabbi baabwe nebazifuula amasinzizo. Aisha naye n’agamba: singa tekyaali ekyo, entaanaaye baalibadde bagireka nebatagizimbako wabula ntya entaanaye okufuulibwa omuzikiti.([1])
Nemuslim naye mukitabokye, yayogera hadith eyo eyokubiri naye nga mulimu okwawukana kutono. Ne hadith endala z’eyayogera:
3- ... Mazima abaaliwo okubasooka baali bafuulanga entaana zabaNabbi baabwe nabalongoofu mubo, emizikiti (amasinzizo), abaffe temugezaako okufuula entaana zabaNabbi bammwe emizikiti, mazima nze nkibaziyiza ekyo.([2])
Mazima Umm Habiibah ne Umm Salamah baayogera kukanisa gyebaalaba e Habasha, nga mulimu ebifaananyi by’omubaka wakatonda. Omubaka wakatonda n’agamba: mazima abo, omusajja omulongoofu mubo bwaafa, bazimba amasinzizo kuntaanaye era nebakubamu ebifaananyi ebyo. Abantu abo bebagenda okusinga ebitonde byonna obubi kulunaku olwenkomerero.([3])
Ne Nasa-e. mukitabokye – sunan – mumulyango ogwoogera kukusunguwalira omuntu Ateeka amataala kuntaana.
Byaava ku Ibn Abbas:
5- Omubaka yakolimira abakazi abalambula entaana n’abo abazimbako amasinzizo nabateekako amataala.([4])
Laba Ibn Taimiyya – atwaalibwa nti y’eyatandiik’awo enzikiriza enfu eno – ne Muhamad bn Abdulwahaab – eyamuddira mubigere – yesigamira kuhadith zino mukugaana okuzimba amasinzizo kuntaana z’abantu abalongoofu oba okumpi n’azo nga agamba: “Baagamba abamanyi baffe: tekisaana kuzimba masinzizo kuntaana”.
Kati kyetaagisa okunonyereza okwamaanyi ensibuko yazi hadith zino tulyooke tulabe kyezitegeeza.
Okusooka kwa buli kintu kyonna, kitukakatako okumanya – nga ensonga enkulu – nti nga Aya yaQur’an bwesobola okubeera nga yenzivuunuzi ya Aya endala, nezihadith bwezityo bweziri – hadith eyinza okuvvuunula hadith endala oba okugigaziya n’okuginyonyola.
Mazima abawahaab beekwaata kumakulu ga hadith emu ag’okungulu nebafunamu nti mulimu okuziyiza okuzimba omuzikiti kuntaana zabalongoofu oba kumabbali gaazo, nga ate singa baba beetegereza bulungi, baalibadde bategeera bulungi nyo omubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) kyeyategeeza. Abantu abo, besibako omulyango gwa IJITIHAD, ekibaviir’ako okuvvunula zihadith mubukyaamu.
Buli kyonna abawahaab kyebekwaasa mukuziyiza okuzimba omuzikiti awali entaana, okugeza nga zihadith, zebesembesa, tekisoboka kuzikkiriza okujj’ako nga ensibuko yaazo ebadde ntuufu oba nga abazoogera baali b’amazima era nga besigwa.
Nga bwekiri nti okunonyereza ensibuko yabuli hadith kiyinza okutwaala ekiseera kiwanvu, katujjemu hadith emu yokka erimu amakulu gezisigadde.
Hadith esooka: “hassan mutabanyi waHassan bwa’mala okufa mukyaalawe yazimba kuntaanaye …” . Bwotunuulira hadith eyo olaba nga eyawukana kunkola y’abawahaab, kubanga ekkiriza okuteeka kuntaana ekintu ekigyibikka nga ate abawahaab baziyiza okubikka kuntaana oba okuzimbako.
Kale hadith eyo ekkiriza abawahaab kyebagaana, ate era singa kyaali haram, mukyaala wa hassan bn Hassan tey’alikikoze kubanga Hassan yeyali yebuuzibwaako okuva eri abamanyi be Madina n’abagoberezi babaswahaba.
Era obeera olyaawo yazimbako olw’okwewonya omusana n’empewo n’ebirala bweyali nga asomera omufuuwe Qur’an.
Ate ekigambo eky’omwogezi wahadith ekigamba nti “Baawulira omulongoofu nga agambanti: bafunye eyali ababuzeeko?” mubutuufu kiriinga ekitava mumulongoofu kubunga kiringa ekivuma oba okujerega ekitali kyampisa nga nekigambo ekyeyamuddamu nakyo sikyampisa.
Mazima omukazi okubeera awali entaana yabba ekyo kiba tekitegeeza nti yali asuubira bbaawe okudda mubulamu, balyooko bagambe nti akutuse n’okusubira, wabula ekyaali ekigendererwaakye kyaali kyakusoma Qur’an oba ekintu ekirala.
Mubufunze, ekigambo ky’oyo gwebaayita omulongoofu nemunne tekyesembesebwa kubanga sikya Qur’an wadde sunna oba okuva mumuntu atakola byonoono.
Ate zihadith endala ezikolima abayahuud nabanaswaara era nez’ewaza n’abasiram okubafaanana, tugamba:
Okutegeera ekigendererwa muzihhadith zino kuyimiridde kukutegeera abayahuud nabanaswaara kyebaakolanga kuntaana zabaNabbi baabwe kubanga Nabbi (s.a.w) yagaana kukola ebyo abayahuud nabaNaswaara byebaali bakola, kale bwetuba tutegedde byebaali bakola, tuba tumaze okutegeera Nabbi (s.a.w) kyatugaana.
Muzihadith ezo mulimu ebiraga nti abayahuud n’aba naswaara baali bafuulanga entaana zabaNabbibaabwe obwolekero obubajja kukwoolekera gyebaabalaalikako. N’ekirala, baali nga beesinza baNabbi baabwe kumabbali gentaana zaabwe mukifo ekyokusinza katonda waabwe oba baddiranga baNabbi nebabagatta wamu nekatonda mukubesinza.
Ekigendererwa muhadith ezo, bwekiba nga Nabbi atugaana kufuula ntaana z’abalongoofu bw’olekero bwaffe oba okubagatta awamu nekatonda mukubeesinza, kiba tekisoboka kwesembesa hadith ezo mukugaana kuzimba kuntaana oba okumpi nazo, kubanga abalambuzi tebafuula ntaana ezo bwolekero bwaabwe, wadde okwesinza abaaziikibwaamu oba okubateeka awamu Nekatonda mukwesinza, wabula bantu bakkiriza era baawula katonda, era bwebaba basaala boolekera kaaba eyekitiibwa. Kale ekigendererwa eky’okuzimba kuntaana oba kumabbali gaazo kufuna mikisa okuva mukitundu ekyo olw’obukulu bwooyo eyazikibwaamu.
Ekikulu mubyonna kwekumanya nti ekyigendererwa mu zihadith ezo, kyaali kyakugaana kwesinza ntaana, okusinziira kubino ebijja:
1- Hadith eyayogerwa mu Swahih ya Muslim – hadith eyokuna – enyonyola hadith ezisigadde kubanga bakyaala baNabbi (s.a.w) – Umm Habiibah ne Umm Salamah – bwebaamugamba nti baalaba ebifaananyi byaNabbi mu emu kumakanisa ge habasha, Nabbi yabaddamu n’abagamba:
“Mazima abo, bwebabeeramu omuntu omulongoofu, n’afa, bazimba essinzizo kuntaanaaye era nebakubamu n’bifaananyi…”
Nolw’ekyo, ekyaali ekigendererwa kyaabwe eky’okuteeka ebifa-ananyi kumabbali g’entaana, kyaali kyabyesinza nakusinza ntaana era nga byebafuula obwolekero oba okubeera nga amasanamu abantu gebesinza nebagavunnamira.
Endowoza eyo gyetufunye muhadith eyo ekwatagana bulungi nyo n’enkola y’abakatulika gyebaliko eyookwesinza Isa nemukaddewe – Mariam (a.s) – n’ebifaananyi byaabwe.
Nolwekyo, amakulu ga hadith bwegaba nga geego, tekisoboka era kwesembesa hadith eyo kukuziyiza kuzimba masinzizo kuntaana zabalongoofu oba kumabbali gaazo awatali kiraga nti oba basinzibwa nga bweri enkola yabakatuliki.
2- Ahmad bn Hambal ne Malik bn Anas balina hadith mubitabo byaabwe - oluvanyuma olwokuziyiza abantu okufuula entaana amasinzizo – nga Nabbi agamba:
“Ai mukama katonda, tofuula entaana yange essanamu erye- sinzibwa”.([5])
Ebigambo ebyo bitegeeza nti baali baddiranga entaana nebifaananyi nebabifuula bwolekero oba nga amasanamu, nebage-sinza mukifo kyokusinza katonda.
3- bwetuba tweetegerezza hadith ya Aisha – hadith eyookubiri- eyongera okututangaaza kunsonga eyo kubanga bweyamala okwogera ebigambo byomubaka, yagamba:
“Singa tekyaali ekyo, baalyolesezza entaana yaNabbi , wabula ntya okufuulibwa essinzizo”.
Kati kyetwebuuza, okuzimba kuntaana ekisenge kirina kyekiyinza okuziyiza?
Kimanyiddwa bulungi nti ekisenge kisobola kuziyiza kusaalira kuntaana yenyini nakugyifuula nga essanamu eryesinzibwa oba okugyifuula obwolekero, naye okusaalira kumabbali gaayo awatali kugisinza oba okugifuula obwolekero, waba tewali nsonga yonna egaana – entaana kebeere nga erabika oba nedda, baagizimbako oba nedda – kubanga, abasiramu okuva mubyaasa kumi Nabbina ebyayita, baali basaaliranga kumabbali g’entaana y’omubako (s.a.w) era nga obwolekero bwabwe kaaba, era nga basinza katonda. Kale okubeerawo okwe’kintu nga ekisenge, tekigaana ebyo byonna.
Mubufunze, enkomerero ya hadith eyokubiri – ebigambo bya Aisha – etuwa bulungi nnyo amakulu ga hadith kubanga Aisha atubuulira ensonga eyazimbya kuntaana ya Nabbi nti butagifuula sinzizo. Naye nga okugizimbako kiyinza okuziyiza ebintu bibiri:
(1) Entaana okukyusibwa n’ebeera nga essanamu, abantu nebajesinza, kale bwekubeerako ekisenge, terabika, n’olwekyo baba tebasobola kujeesinza.
(2) Obutafuulibwa bwolekero, kubanga bwefuuliba obwolekero eba erina okulabibwa nga ate kimanyiddwa nti kaaba bwebwolekero bwabasiram awamu n’okubeera nga abasinga obungi tebagirabako.
Tekibeera kituufu kuddira kaaba n’entaana kubiteeka kuddaala limu kubanga kaaba bwolekero bwansi yonna eri abasiramu bonna. Ate n’ekirala, kaaba sibwolekero bwakwesinza kwokka wabula n’ebirala bingi nga okusala nokuziika. Kale, bwolekero mubuli ngeri zonna era tewali bwetaavu bwakumala kugiraba.
Wabula ekyokufuula entaana yaNabbi obwolekero, kyo, kiri kubantu abasaalira mumuzigitigwe.
Kale entaana yaNabbi eyekitiibwa, bwesigala nga tezimbid-dwaako, kyekireeta endowooza eyo – okusinziira kukulaba kwa Aisha – naye bw’eba nga okujenkanyankanya nettaka, endowooza ebeera ndala.
4- Nekirala ekiraga nti Nabbi (s.a.w) yaziyiza kwesinza ntaana, kwekulaba nga bangi mw’abo abaayanjuluza Swahih Bukhar ne Muslim, baavvunula hadith nga naffe bwetwaagivvunula era nebategeera ekigendererwa muyo nga naffe bwetwakitegeera...
Okugeza:
Agamba Alqastlaane mukitabo: Irishaad Ssaare:-
“Mazima abantu abo baakubaaebifa nanyi (ebyabantu abaafa nga balongoofu) olwokwagala beebeesebeese nabyo, bajjukire ebikolwa byaabwe ebirungi, basobole okufuba nga bbo bwebaafuba, era basinzize katonda awali entaana zaabwe. Naye oluvanyuma, abajja tebaategeera kyigendererwa kyabo abaasooka, Shaitan nebabuzabuza nebalowooza nti ababasooka baali basinza ebifaananyi ebyo era babigulumiza. Nolwekyo, Nabbi kwekwewaza ebikolwa nga ebyo”.
Okutusa bweyagamba nti:
“Yagamba Albasidhawe: Abayahuud na Banaswaara bwebaamala okubeera nga bavunnamira entaana zabaNabbi baabwe olwokugulumiza ekitiibwa kyaabwe, era nebabeera nga bazifuula obwolekero mukusinza kwaabwe, nebazifuula amasanamu, abasiramu baaziyizibwa ekikolwa ekifaanana nga ekyo. Naye omuntu bwavunnama kumabbali gentaana yomuntu omulongoofu, nga agenderera kufuna mukisa olwokubeera okumpi naye, - nga agenderera kufuna mukisa olwokubeera okumpi naye, - nga silwakugulumiza wadde okumwolekera – aba tayingira mumuteeko ogwo ogwogeddwa.”([6])
Era Alqastilaane siyeyekka mukwanjuluza okwo, naye ne mu sanadi – Shaarih Sunane eya Nasa-e – bwekityo bwekiri:
“Baafuula entaana zabaNabbi baabwe amasinzizo” amakulu nti: baazifuulanga bwolekero mukwesinza kwaabwe oba baazimbangako amasinzizo nebagasinzizaamu. Era obeera aly’awo okutamwa okulimu kwekubeera nga kiviirako okusinza entaana yenyini.([7])
Era agamba:
“Yeewaza (Nabbi) ekibiinakye okukola entaanaaye nga Abayahuud naBanaswaara bwebaakola entaana zabaNabbi baabwe, kubanga baazifuula masinzizo – nga bazivunnamira olwokuzigulumiza, oba okuzifuula obwolekero mukuzesinza”. ([8])
Nawawe agamba – mu Sharih Swahih Muslim:
“Abamanyi baagamba: Mazima Nabbi yaziyiza okufuula entaanaye oba eyomulala yenna, emizikiti, olw’okutya abantu okumugulumiza nebasussa ekigero oba okufuuka ekikemo gyebali kubanga – obeera oly’awo – kiyinza okubatuusa kukukaafuwala nga ebibiina ebimu ebyasooka bwebyaali. Baswahaba n’abo abaabagoberera bwebayagala okugaziya kumuzikiti gwomubaka wakatonda (s.a.w) oluvanyuma olw’okuyitirira kw’abasiramu, okugaziya nekuyingira nemumayumba gabakadde babakkiriza, nga mwemuli n’ekisenge kya Aisha, Nabbi (s.a.w) mweyaziikibwa nemikwaanogye, baazimba kuntaana ekisenge ekiwanvu nga kyetoloovu, olwobutaagala erabike mumuzikiti kubanga abatalina kumanya bayinza okugyolekera mukusaala kwabwe... nolwekyo, Aisha yagamba muhadith: Era singa tekyaali ekyo, entaanaaye baaligyolesezza wabula yatya okufuulibwa essinzizo”.
N’omulala eyayanjuluza hadith eyo, yagamba:
“Hadith ya Aisha eyogera kumuzikiti gwa Nabbi (s.a.w) nga tegunnaba kwongezebwaako, naye oluvanyuma olwokwonge-zebwaako, n’ekisenge kya Aish nekituuka okuyingiramu, mazima ekisenge kyebaazimba kuNabbi kyansonda ssatu era omuntu tasobola kusaalira kuntaana... Mazima Abayahuud naBanaswaara baali besin-zaanga baNabbi baabwe kumabbali gentaana zabwe oba nga babagatta wamu nekatonda mukwesinza kwaabwe”.
Nze ngamba:
Okusinzira kw’ebyo byetulabye nokutegeera kwetufunye okuva munyanjuluza ya hadith, tetusobola kuleeta kulamula kulala okujjako okukakasa ebyo byenyini.
Ate ebyo byonna katubeera nga tubiresse, tusobola okugamba:
(i) Hadith eyo yesembesebwa singa omuzikiti guba gwaazi-mbibwa waggulu kuntaana, nolwekyo eba tekwaatagana Nabizimbe ebibeera kumabbali gentaana.
Nemunjogera endala: Waliwo kyetuyita “haram” ne “Masjid”. Haram, yeyawulidde kusabiriramu mufu oyo omulongoofu nokumu-fuula ekkubo erituuka ewakatonda, ate omuzigiti gweyawulidde nakusaaliramu oba Ibada endala.
Nolwekyo, ebifo ebizimbibwa okuliraana entaana zabalongoofu mumbeera eno, bibeera bweeru wahadith – amakulu gaayo bwegabeera nga Abawahaab bwebagatwaala.
Kale oluvanyuma lw’ebyo byonna, kijja kitya okuziyiza okuzimba omuzikiti okuliraana entaana oba okugamba nti kitamwa nga ate tulaba nga omuzikiti gw’omubaka wakatonda(s.a.w) guliranye nentaanaaye eyekitiibwa?!
Baswahaba bwebaba baali nga zimunnyenye era nga basaana okubagoberera, lwaaki tebagobererwa munsonga eyo?!
Mazima omuzikiti gwa Nabbi gwagaziyizibwa emirundi mingi okutuusa entaanaye bweyatuuka okubeera wakati mumuzigiti oluva-nyuma olwokubeera nga gwaali kuludda lwobuvanjuba bwentaana eyekitiibwa, era kati gwatuuka nekuludda lwaayo olwebugwanjuba.
Kale okuzimba omuzikiti okuliraana nentaana z’abalongoofu bwekibeera haraam, lwaaki abasiramu baaguunjwo okwongera kumuzikiti okutuusa bwegwetoloola enjuyi zentaana zonna?!
Abaffe, okugoberera abaasooka abalongoofu – abawahaab bebayitira abantu buli obukedde – kitegeeza kubagobererako mubirala ate mubirala netubawukanako?!
Wano kati wetutegeerera obufu bwekigambo kya Ibn Qayyim n’okwawukana kwakyo kunkola yabasiram abaasooka ekigamba nti: “Mazima entaana no’muzikiti tebibeera wamu”.
(ii) okutegeera kwetufuna okuva muhadith ezo – bwezibera nga ntuufu – kiri nti Nabbi (s.a.w) yagaana okuzimba emizikiti kuntaana ezabalongoofu oba okuliraana nazo naye tewali kiraga nti okugaana okwo kwakuziyiza okuli haraam wabula okugaana okulowoozebwa kwekw’okutamwa era nga ne Bukhar bw’atyo bweyakitegeera nga bwekiri mukitabokye kubanga hadith eyo yagiteeka wansi womulyango “Omulyango ogwogera kukutamwa kwokuzimba emizikiti kuntaana”.([9])
N’ekirala ekiraga ekyo, kwekubeera nga okugaana kwaliranyisibwa nekigambo “kukolima abalambula entaana nga bakazi”([10]) Era nga bwekimanyiddwa nti abakazi okulambula entaana, kiri “makrooh – kitamwa” – olwezimu kunsonga – naye nga si haraam.
Nabbi bw’aba nga akolima abakazi abalambula entaana, kiba tekitegeeza kukolima okulaga bwa haraam kubanga ebintu bingi ebitamwa ebiriko okukolimira ababikola – muhadith – naye nga ekigendererwa kulaga nti ebintu ebyo bibi nyo era bireetera omuntu okubeera awala Nekatonda. Nga bwekiri muhadith:
“katonda yakolimira abantu basatu: Oyo alya entandaye yekka, n’oyo eyebaka munyumba yekka, n’oyo atambula yekka” nga ate tukimanyi bulungi nti ebintu ebyo siharaam.
Katukomekkereze ekitundu ekyo nga tugamba nga bwetukakasa nti okuzimba emizikiti kuntaana z’abantu abakozi bobulungi abalongoofu nkola yaliwo okuviiraddala kuntandikwa yobusiramu.
Assamhuud agamba – muhadith gyeyayogereramu okufa kwa sayyidat fatimah bint Asad, maama wa Imam Ali (a.s):
“Bweyamala okufa, Nabbi (s.a.w) yajja, n’alagira okumusimira entaana mukifo ekyomuzikiti oguyitibwa kati: entaana ya Fatimah”.([11])
Assamhuudi ategeeza nti ekifo ekyentaana ya Fatimah bint Asad, kyaamala Nekizimbwaamu omuzikiti. Ayongera n’agamba nti “Mazima muswi-ab bn Umair ne Abdullah bn Jahsh baaziikibwa wansi womuzikiti ogwazimbibwa kuntaana ya Hamza”. ([12])
Mazima omuzikiti ogwo gwaali gukyaaliwo okutusa Abawahaab bwebaawamba ekifo ekyo ekitukuvu, neba menya omuzikiti ogwo ne mizikiti emirala, n’ebizimbe ebirala bingi nga bawagirwa ne Britain.
([1]) Swahih Albuhar, kitabul Jana-ez, Juzu 2, pg. 111, Assunan ekya Nasa-e: Juzu 2, pg. 871, kitabul Jana-ez.
([2]) Swahih Muslim, Juzu 2, pg. 68.
([3]) Swahih Muslim, kitaabul Masaajd, Juzu 2, pg. 66.
([4]) Sunan ekya Nasa-e: Juzu, 3, pg. 77, print. Mustafa Alhalabi.
([5]) Musnad Ahmad, Juzu 3, pg. 248.
([6]) Irshaad Ssaare fi Sharih Swahihil Bukhar, Ibn Hijir fi Fatihil baare: Juzu 3, pg. 208.
([7]) Sunan Nasaa-e: Juzu 2, pg. 41, print Azhar.
([8]) Sunan Nasaa-e: Juzu 2, pg. 41.
([9]) Swahihul Bukhar: Juzu, 2, pg. 111.
([10]) Sunan eya Nasaa-e: Juzu 3, pg. 77, print Misir.
([11]) Wafa-ulwafa: Juzu 3, pg. 897.
([12]) Wafa-ulwafa: Juzu 3, pg. 922-937.

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