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Olwatuuka waliwo ekisibo ky’embuzi ekyali kirina okuyita ku lutindo olwali olukadde okutuuka awaali omuddo omulungi we gwakuliranga. Wansi w’olutindo olwo wabeerawo eggana ly’empisi ezayagalanga nnyo okulya embuzi ento. Naye empisi ezo zaali tezagala kukola era zeebakanga nnyo, ekyazizuukusa ly’enswagiro y’embuzi ezaayitanga ku lutindo. Weewaawo, embuzi zaali ngezi era zaayiga okusomoka olutindo mu kasoobo nga tezirinnya nnyo okukola eddoboozi kubanga, zaali tezagala kuzuukusa empisi. Zaawuliriza n’obwegendereza empisi nga zifuluuta, era, okufuluuta okwo bwe kwayimirira akaseera konna, embuzi zaayimiriranga butenyenya, kubanga zaamaanya nti empisi ziwulira. Embuzi bwe zaayimirira butenyeenya, empisi zaaddangayo mu tulo twabwe.
Omusomesa akola olutindo mu buti n’entebbe, ezimu nga ziri waggulu, ezimu nga ziri wansi. Abaana bateekwa “okusomoka” olutindo ng’obuti obuli waggulu babuyisa wansi ate obuti obuli wansi bayita waggulu waabwo. Omusomesa ng’akuba mu ngalo oba ng’akuba ku nswa oba eŋŋoma oba ekintu ekirala kyonna ekikola eddoboozi, aba akyefaananyiriza ku kufuluuta kw’empisi.
Buli kiseera kyonna empisi zizuukuka. Omwana alina okuyimirira butenyeenya wadde nga kusanze okugulu okumu akusitudde mu bbanga, okutuusa ng’empisi zizeeyo okwebaka. Omwana bw’akona akati kamu ne kaggwa wansi, oba n’okukola akaloboozi akatono ddala, empisi zizuukuka ne zifeenkenya akabuzi akato.
Once there was a herd of goats that had to pass over a very old bridge to get to the pasture where the sweet grass grew. Underneath the bridge lived a family of hyenas that loved to eat little goats. But the hyenas were very lazy and always slept a lot, waking up only at the sound of a goat passing over the bridge. The goats were very smart and learned how to walk very lightly over the bridge without making any noise because, of course, they did not want to wake up the hyenas. They listened closely to the snoring of the hyenas, and, if at any moment it stopped, they would stay very still, because they knew that the hyenas were listening. If the goats stayed very still, the hyenas would go back to sleep.
The teacher makes a bridge out of sticks and benches, some high, some low. The children must "cross" the bridge, going under the high sticks and over the low ones. The teacher, by clapping or hitting a pot or drum or something else which makes noise, represents the hyenas snoring.
Every now and then the hyenas wake up. The child has to stay still even though he may have one foot up in the air, until the hyenas go back to sleep. If the child knocks down a stick or even makes a small noise, the hyenas wake up and gobble up the little goat.
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Bya Elisa Nicholas Ssekitende
Eyaliko Ssentebe wa Ggombolola y’e Kyazanga mu district y’e Lwengo, era nga ye Ssentebe wa NRM mu kitundu kino Kayondo Musa Bahati, agaanidde ddala era n’akisimbako n’amannyo nga Gavumenti ya NRM bwetalina mukono kubagagga abaagumbula omuze gw’okugobaganyanga abatuuze ku Ttaka n’ebibanja byaabwe, wadde ng’ebiseera ebisinga abeenyigira mu Mbeera eno balabwako nga bawerekerwako abakwata Mmundu.
Bahati era nga Muyambi wa Minisita w’ebyokwerinda Vicent Bamulangaki Ssempijja mu Bitundu by’ebbendobendo ly’e Masaka, abadde ayogera ku nsonga z’ettaka ly’e Kyazanga erifuuse Namulanda, agambibwa okuba Nnyini ttaka Muzeeyi Mutawonga lyayagala okuguza Omugagga George Mutabaluka, nga liri ku byalo ebiwerako okuli Busibo A, Busibo B, Busibo C, Kamese, Lubaale n’ebirala ng’abatuuze tebaweereddwa Mukisa kweegula, wadde nga bamazeeko emyaka mingi, n’asaba abakulu abagala okubagobaganya, balinnyeko mukyawakati.
Ono era ategeezezza nga bweyagezaako okulondoola ku Nsonga z’ettaka lino ng’akyali mu Offisi y’obwa Ssentebe bwa Ggombolola, n’abuulira Mutawonga nebanne eky’okukola, naye yewuunyizza okulaba nga bagenda mu Maaso n’okwagala okutunda nga tebagoberera Mateeka, n’avumirira n’ebikolwa eby’eyolekera ennyo mu Ggwanga naddala ku Ttaka, abagagga webekoobanira n’abebyokwerinda okutiisatiisa n’okunyigiriza abantu ba Bulijjo, nga bakozesa Emmundu.
Gyebuvuddeko Amyuka RDC wa Lwengo Isa Ntumwa, yayingira mu nsonga z’ettaka lino n’asazaamu Endagaano omugagga George Mutabaluka kweyagulira Ttaka lino, ng’ayagala abatuuze basooke baweebwe omukisa beegule kubibanja byaabwe.

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Malaki
Essuula 1
Omugugu ogw'ekigambo kya Mukama eri Isiraeri ekyajjira mu Malaki.
2 Nnabaagala, bw'ayogera Mukama. Era naye mwogera nti Watwagala otya? Esawu teyali muganda wa Yakobo? bw'ayogera Mukama: era naye nnamwagala Yakobo;
3 naye Esawu nnamukyawa, ne nfuula ensozi ze okuba amatongo, ne mpa obusika bwe ebibe eby'omu ddungu.
4 Kubanga Edomu ayogera nti Tukubiddwa wansi, naye tulidda ne tuzimba ebifo ebyazika; bw'ati bw'ayogera Mukama w'eggye nti Bo balizimba, naye nze ndyabya: era abantu banaabayitanga nti Nsalo ya bubi, era nti Bantu Mukama b'anyiigira ennaku zonna.
5 Era amaaso gammwe galiraba, ne mwogera nti Mukama agulumizibwe okusukka ensalo ya Isiraeri.
6 Omwana assaamu ekitiibwa kitaawe, n'omuddu mukama we: kale oba nga ndi kitammwe, ekitiibwa kyange kiri ludda wa? era oba nga ndi mukama kitammwe okutiibwa kwange kuli ludda wa? Mukama w'eggye bw'agamba mmwe, Ai bakabona abanyooma erinnya lyange. Era mwogera nti Twali tunyoomye tutya erinnya lyo?
7 Muweerayo ku kyoto kyange omugaati ogwonoonese. Era mwogera nti Twakwonoona tutya? Kubanga mwogera nti Emmeeza ya Mukama teriimu ka buntu.
8 Era bwe muwaayo enzibe y'amaaso okuba ssaddaaka, nga si bubi! era bwe muwaayo ewenyera n'endwadde, nga si bubi! Kale nno gitonere oyo akutwala; anaakusanyukira? oba anakkiriza amaaso go? bw'ayogera Mukama w'eggye.
9 Kale nno mbeegayiridde musabe ekisa kya Katonda, atukwatirwe ekisa: ebyo byabaawo ku bwammwe: waliwo ku mmwe gw'anakkirizaako amaaso ge? bw'ayogera Mukama w’eggye.
10 Mu mmwe singa mubaddemu n'omu eyandiggaddewo enzigi, muleme okukuma omuliro ku kyoto kyange obwereere! Sibasanyukira n'akatono, bw'ayogera Mukama w'eggye, so sikkirize kiweebwayo eri omukono gwammwe.
11 Kubanga okuva enjuba gy'eva okutuusa gy'egwa erinnya lyange kkulu mu b'amawanga; era obubaane buweerwayo mu buli kifo eri erinnya lyange, n'ekiweebwayo ekirongoofu: kubanga erinnya lyange kkulu mu b'amawanga, bw'ayogera Mukama w'eggye.
12 Naye mmwe mulivumisa kubanga mwogera nti Emmeeza ya Mukama eyonoonese, n'ebibala byayo, ye mmere ye, teriimu ka buntu.
13 Era mwogera nti Laba, omulimu guno nga guyinze! era mugisoozezza, bw'ayogera Mukama w'eggye; era muleese ekyo ekyanyagibwa olw'amaanyi, n'ekiwenyera, n'ekirwadde; bwe mutyo bwe muleeta ekiweebwayo: nnandikkirizza ekyo mu mukono gwammwe? bw'ayogera Mukama.
14 Naye oyo alimba akolimirwe, alina ennume mu kisibo kye, ne yeeyama n'awaayo ssaddaaka eri Mukama ekintu ekiriko obulema: kubanga nze ndi kabaka mukulu, bw'ayogera Mukama w'eggye, n'erinnya lyange lya ntiisa mu b'amawanga.


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Omubaka omukyala owa Kampala Shamimu Malende Omubaka omukyala owa Kampala Shamimu Malende ayagala ministry ekola ku nsonga za Kampala ejjibwewo, obuyinza bwonna bulekerwe KCCA. Malende agamba...Read more
By : Aldrine Nsubuga #Flyonthewall Green will say, he betrayed them. Yellow are saying, he saw the light. Blue feels nothing, they've seen it all. And red? too new to...Read more
Bishop Henry Katumba Tamale omulabirizi wa West Buganda Ssebo/Nnyabo, Nkulamusizza nnyo mu Mukama waffe Yesu Kristo. Waliwo ensobi gye ndowooza nti ng'enderere okuwabya abantu nti ekifo...Read more
Kiyinda Mityana diocese ejaguzza emyaka 40, omusumba alabudde aberimbika mu kuvujjirira klezia, batwale ettaka lyayo. Ssentebe w'abepisikoopi mu ggwanga era nga ye musumba we ssaza lya Kiyinda Mityana Bishop Joseph...Read more
Olunaku lwa leero Uganda yegasse ku nsi yonna okukuza olunaku lw'okwefumiitiriza ku birungi by'okukozesa kabuyonjo okulwanyisa endwadde n'okutumbula obuyonjo. Uganda buli mwaka efiirwa obuwumbi bwa shilling za 150 mu kujanjaba...Read more
“Every once in a while, I hear people say “Gen. Muntu would have been the right person to take over leadership of the country, but he’s not aggressive enough”. I...Read more
National Unity Platform presidential candidate Robert Kyagulanyi aka Bobi Wine has cancelled his planned campaign in Kalangala district. “We decided to call off our campaigns in Kalangala after we got...Read more
Ebitongole byebyokwerinda okuli amaggye ne Police byoogedde kaati nti tebigya kwetonda olwokukuba bannamawulire nokubatuusaako obuvune, ababikulira bagambye nti bannamawulire balina ekigendererwa ekyokutattana ekifanaanyi kyebitongole bino, nti bityoboola eddembe lyobuntu. Ssenkulu...Read more
Ssenkulu wa police martin Okoth Ochola alabudde bannabyabufuzi naddala abali ku ludda oluvuganya gavument bagambye nti bateekateeka okukola effujjo mu kiseera kyokulonda nakalulu nga kawedde nti tebeetantala, era anaagezaako ajja...Read more
Since last night social media has been buzzing after a photo and travel details of the Kyadondo East MP’s children at Entebbe International Airport were leaked.Mr Kyagulanyi in a statement...Read more


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Poliisi y’ebidduka mu Kampala enkya yaleero ekutte Ddereeva okuva mu State House lwakugezaako kukola U-Turn ku ggeeti ya Aga Khan Primary School nga kwatadde nokutiisatiisa abasirikale ababadde bagezaako okumukwata.
Commissioner Transport Regulation and Safety Winstone Katushabe agamba nti baguddewo olutalo ku motoka za Gavumenti ezikozesa obubi enguudo wamu n’aba booda booda.
Ku ddereeva wa State House avugisizza ekimama, Katushabe ategeezezza nti akubidde Transport Officer mu Offiisi ya Pulezidenti namutegeeza ku kyasazeewo ku ddereeva waabwe, ono agamba nti ono alina okubeera ekyokulabirako. Ku kyemotoka bwegenda okugibwawo agambye nti ebyo ye tebimukwatako.
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OKUZAALA OMWANA OBUGGYA OLUBERERERA KITEGEEZA KI?
Kitegeeza okutwala omwana w’omuntu omulala e wakaawo nalabirirwa ssinga aba tasobola kkuzibwa bazadde be abommusaayi.
Okumalirizibwa kw’engeri y’okuzaala omwana obuggya oluberera kitegeeza omwana aggya kubeera n’eddembe lye mu buggyuvu mu maka gyaba atwaliddwa ng’amateeka bwegakirambika n’ekirala abazadde abazaala omwana obuggya bafuuka bazzadde be ab’oluberera. Abazadde ababa bagyidwako obuvunanyizibwa, n’obuyinza baba tebakyabuyina ku mwana oyo ng’amateeka bwegakirambika.
Ebirubirirwa ebirungi ku mwana biyina kuba bya kumuzaala buggya oluberera.
Okulabirira omwana nga kya kaseera oba okumuzaala obuggya oluberera waliwo njawulo ki?
Okulabirirwa omwana nga kyakaseera aba abudabudibwa okumala ekiseera ekitaliko bukakafu nabuyinza buggyuvu mu maka agaba gayina obusobozi. Obuvunanyizibwa ku mwana bugabanyizibwamu amaka n’abakulembeze b’okukyalo okumala akaseero akaba kasoboddwa.
OKulabirira omwana okumala akaseera kyekisokerwako nalyoka azalibwa obuggya oluberera. Abakulembeeze b’okukyalo n’abakozi b’ebyobulamu baggya kubeera kumpi nnyo mukufaayo n’okunonyereza ku waka omwana waba atekeddwa. Omwana ayina okulabirirwa okumala emyaka 3 {ng’esatu} ng’okukirizibwa okumuzaala obuggya tekunabaawo.
Baana ki abetaaga okuzalibwa obuggya oluberera?
Abazadde abatayina ssuubi abawulira nga tebayina kyakoola kirara okuggyako okusuula abaana, basuula abaana abassukka mu kikumi mu zikabuyonjo, ebifo awakunganira emmotoka z’olukale oba mu malwaliro g’e Kampala. Ekibiina kya “Malaika Babies Home” kizze kimanyibwa bulungi mu Kampala olw’obuyambi obumpimpi obuli kumutindo bwekizze kiwa abaana abasuliddwa. Abaana abembeera ez’enjawula bangi bajja gyetuli. Abamu bayina endya embi ate nga basuliddwa olw’obwavu, abalala balabwa nga kikolima olw’endwadde z’olukonvuba, ate abalala baba n’obulemu ku mibiri ne ku bwongo. Tugezaako kyetusobola okunonya abazadde b’abaana bonna abommussaayi naye oluusi ebifa ku bazadde tebirabika.
Ng’oggyeko okumanya ensibuko abaana bonna tubawa okwagala kwekumu nga mu bujanjabi n’okubafaako mu kibiina kya “Malaika Babies Home” ate bonna basaanidde akakisa k’okwagalwa.
Buyambi bwa kikaaki bwenaafuna?
Obuyambi webuli ku buli ddala ely’okuzaala omwana obuggya ly’oba otuseeko.
Omu ku b’akabinja akanonyeza omwana aw’okubeera nga avudde mu kitongole kya “Child’s i Foundation” Aggya kubeera ng’asinkana naawe ebiseera ebisinga mungeri y’okuzaala omwana obuggya ne ng’omwana omwana amaze okutekebwa mu mikono ggyo.
Tusobola n’okukuyambako mu kuggyuza empapula ezzimu ebenyigidde mu ngeri y’okuzaala abaana Obuggya.
Ndi muzadde omu, nsobola okuzaala omwana obuggya?
Yye, twaniriza okusaba kwa bonna, kinoomu n’abasukamu okwenyigira mu kuzaala abaana obuggya.
Abaana bayina okubulirwa nti bazaaliddwa buggya?
Omwana kasita abeera mu buyinza bwo n’abaako emyaka gyatukako obeera oyina okumubulira nti yazalibwa buggya mu makaago, oyinza n’okweyambisa n’ebbimu ku nsibuko ye ng’omunyonyola bwekiba kyetagisizza
Okwataganya ensonga zino kiyinza okulabika ng’ekizibu naye ekitongole kya “Child’s i” kisobola okuyamaba mu kukuwa engeri zoyinza okukozesa okwogera n’omwana wo ng’omubulira obuvo bwe n’okumumanyisa okuzaalibwa obuggya kyekitegeeza..
Kiba kirungi okkubiriza abaana okuwuliziganya ne bazadde babwe abommussaayi?
Buli ngeri y’okuzaalamu omwana obuggya ya njawulo. Tekyewunyisa omwana azaliddwa obuggya okwagala okumanya obuvo bwe. Bwkiba kyetagisa osobola okutegekawo ensisinkano n’abazadde bw’omwana abommusaayi ssinga baba bamanyiddwa oba okuwuliziganya nabo ebiseera ebimu .
Bwoba mubwetaavu bw’okuwuliziganya n’abazadde b’omwana oba aba muzalira ddala oyina kusoka kumanya byetaago oba endowooza y’omwana ku nsonga eyo.
Lwaki netaaga okuzaala omwana obuggya mungeri ennongoseemu?
Okuzaala omwana obuggya mu ngeri ekirizibwa kiyina emigaso egyitagwayo:
Nyinza okwelondera omwana kyeyagalire?
Oggya kukirizibwa ssinga oba n’ekigero ky’omwana mu myaka gw’oyagala nga yasaanira mu makaago.
Omwana yenna ow’okuteeka mu makaago kimala kusalibwawo abassengezzi mu kuzaala omwana obuggya wamu n’akabinja akanonyeza abaana amaka g’okuberaamu.


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Poliisi evuddeyo ku Yunivasite…
Ekitongole ekya Poliisi kivuddeyo ku nsonga y’okutyoboola eddembe ly’abayizi mu matendekero agawagulu.
Okusinzira ku mwogezi wa Poliisi mu ggwanga Fred Enanga, ekitongole kya Poliisi ekinoonyereza ku misango mu ggwanga ekya CID e Kibuli, kivuddeyo okunoonyereza ku nsonga ezo.
Enanga agamba nti Poliisi efunye alipoota ez’enjawulo nga waliwo abasomesa abegumbulidde okutyoboola eddembe ly’abayizi.
Ng’asinzira ku kitebe kya Poliisi e Naguru, Enanga agamba nti balina ensonga ez’enjawulo zebagenda okunoonyerezaako.
Ensonga mwe muli abasomesa okukabasanya abayizi (abalenzi n’abawala), okukuba abayizi, abasomesa okusuula abayizi ebigezo n’ensonga endala.
Enanga era agamba nti CID eyingidde mu nsonga z’omuyizi ku ttendekero e Makerere eyakubiddwa omusomesa Bernard Wandera.
Mu katambi akali mu kutambula ku mikutu migatta abantu, omusomesa Wandera okuva mu College of Humanities and Social Sciences yakubye omuyizi omuwala embi.
Wadde Wandera yayimiriziddwa ku Yunivasite e Makerere, Enanga agamba nti balina okunoonyereza okuzuula ekituufu, ekyavuddeko omusomesa okukuba omuyizi.
Mungeri y’emu waliwo n’ensonga y’omusomesa ku Yunivasite y’e Kabale, eyagobeddwa ku Yunivasite ku misango gy’okukabasanya abayizi.
Dr. Nafiu Lukman Abiodun, abadde akulira eby’okusomesa Economics and Statistics, yagobeddwa.
Abiodun nga munnansi w’e Nigeria era yabadde akulira okunoonyereza ku ttendekero.
Ku ntandikwa y’omwaka guno ogwa 2022, Yunivasite yamuyimiriza okumunoonyerezaako ku bigambibwa nti abadde asukkiridde okusaba abayizi abawala akaboozi okusobola okubawa makisi ennungi, okuyita ebigezo.
Kigambibwa Abiodun abadde asuula abayizi abawala ebigezo, okusobola okubasaba akaboozi era bangi ku bawala nga balina okutya.
Mu kusaba abayizi omukwano, omu ku bayizi yali akooye ebikolwa bye, era yakwata amaloboozi ge ng’amusaba akaboozi ku ssimu.
Nga 11, November, 2022, Abiodun yafuna ebbaluwa okuva eri omuwandiisi wa Yunivasite Canon Johnson Munono Byaryantuma nti mu kunoonyereza kwabwe okuli ku nnamba Min.598160/AB/21122, kyazuuliddwa nti Abiodun alina emisango, ng’abadde akabasanya abayizi abawala, yalemwa okugoberera amateeka g’ebigezo, ekintu ekimenya amateeka.
Yunivasite yagaanye okuzza obuggya endagaano ya Abiodun ng’omusomesa ku Yunivasite e Kabale era yasabiddwa okuwaayo ebintu bya Yunivasite byonna ng’akabonero akalaga nti agobeddwa.
Mu Uganda, emisango gy’abasomesa okukabasanya abayizi gyeyongedde n’okusingira ddala ku matendekero aga waggulu.
Ebirala ebifa mu ggwanga – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3za5si2u9w


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1490 Views
Verse 1 Oseka ne nfuna ekizibu Mwana gwe ontawaanya Otunula ne ndaba ekimyanso Naye, lwaki ombonyabonya? Tunula mu maaso gange osome Mulimu omukwano gwo Ate oba ne mu bwongo bwange Mulimu akatebe ko Ne mu mutima gwange munda Mulimu ekibanja kyo Ky'ekyo ekimbonyabonya Mwana gwe nkubuulidde nze Nti mu bawala ba kuno Noonyezza akwenkana yambula! Nina omukwano mungi Munnange byebyo bye nsuza Chorus Alaali, alaali, alaali Onkuba (onkuba) Onkuba Ngezezzaako okwegumya naye bigaanye Onkuba hmmm yeah, onkuba Nataka nikuone sasa sasa Onkuba (onkuba) Onkuba Amazima laba laba oyaka ng'enjuba empya Onkuba, onkuba Verse 2 Nsonyiwa okulemerako mw'ekyo Waliwo ekikusukkako Mwana gwe wansukkako Laba, mwana gwe wankubaakuba Yanguwa, otuule Mu katebe ko keereere Era yanguwa, ozimbe Mu kibanja kyo kyereere Nabiterekera gwe wekka Honey yanguwa olabe Kuba walungiwa omu mu nsi Gwe osaanira okuwa Oli kibunoomu mu nsi Gwe osaanira okulya ebyange Chorus Alaali, alaali, alaali Onkuba (onkuba) Onkuba Ngezezzaako okwegumya naye bigaanye Onkuba hmmm yeah, onkuba Malayika, malayika we Onkuba, onkuba ayayaya Bint, bint Bint, bint Onkuba, onkuba hehe! Sabula Sasa ni ngoja Myaka mingi nina ngoja Sabula busabula, eh Verse 3 Nkimanyi, abakukwana bangi gy'oyita honey Naye manya, bonna baleera Nze mugezi nzekka Honey manya, bonna ba weewe Nze master waabwe, oh maama Na buli kimu baby ky'oyoya Mu nsi nze kye ndeese Walungiwa oh! Amazima wakula ebirungi Yanguwa nze, ndi kaliro akagoba empewo Akasana akaberyeberye yegwe Akamuli akalungi yegwe Akadagala k'obulago yegwe Yanguya doozi yange, hu! Ayi Ayi Onkuba, onkuba x 2 Ayi Ayi Onkuba, onkuba (onkuba) Ayi (onkuba babe onkuba) Ayi (nga ndabye) Onkuba, onkuba Onsekula, ombobonga Woowe woowe nga ndabye Onkuba, onkuba Ne bwe kuba kwebaka honey kugaana Onkuba, onkuba Ne bwe bampa emmere byonna mbigaana Onkuba, onkuba Emirimu gye nkola honey gigaana Onkuba, onkuba Onkuba, onsekula Baby onkuba nga ndabye Onkuba, onkuba Ne bwe bampa emmere honey bigaana Onkuba, onkuba
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text:
Amawulire
NSSF etadewo abakyala we bayonseza
Ivan Ssenabulya
September 7th, 2019
Bya Moses Ndaye, Ekitongole ekitereka ensimbi zabakozi mu gwanga ki National social security Fund kitadewo ebifo abakyala abakozi webayonseza abaana baabwe
Akulira ekitongole kino Richard Byarugaba agamba nti ekifo kino kyakuyambako bamaama okuyonsa abaana baabwe nga baze nabo ku mirimu
Ono agamba nti kino kyakuyamba abaana bano okufuna amata agalimu ekiliisa okusobola okubeera abalamu obulungi.
Abakugu bagamba nti bamaama abazadde balina kuyonseza emyezi 6 omwana asobole okufuna ekiliisa ekimuyambako okukula nga tatawanyizidwa ndwadde.
Byarugaba asabye ebitongole ebirala nabyo okukola bwebityo


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Obukulembeze bw’oludda oluvuganya government mu parliament mu parliament olukulemberwa Mathius Mpuuga Nsamba buliko enkyukakyuka zebukoze mu bukulembeze bw’obukiiko obukulemberwa oludda oluvuganya gaovernment neba minister ku ludda oluvuganya government ,era waliwo abasuuliddwa.
Mu basuuliddwa kuliko omubaka wa Badege Laibi mu kibuga Gulu Ojara Mapenduzi abadde ssentebe w’akakiiko ka parliament akalondoola ensaasaanya y’ensimbi z’omuwi w’omusolo mu government ez’ebitundu, ate omubaka wa Kilak South Gilbert Oulanya y’alondeddwa okubeera ssentebe w’akakiiko kano omuggya.
Kinajjukirwa nti omubaka Mapenduzi yoomu kubaakulemberamu enteekateeka y’okuyisa ekiteeso ekigoba omubaka wa Mityana Municipality Francis Zaake Butebi ku kifo kya Commissioner wa parliament.
Omubaka omukyala owa district ye Kalangala Hellen Nakimuli alondeddwa nga minister weby’obuvubi n’ennyanja ku ludda oluwabula government azze mu bigere byomubaka wa Bbaale Tebandeke Charles.
Omubaka wa Kalungu East Katabaazi Francis Katongole alondeddwa nga minister w’ensonga za East Africa ku ludda oluvuganya government.


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Abaana babiri basirikkidde mu muliro ogukutte ennyumba yabwe mu kiro ekikeesezza olwa leero, ku kyalo Malongo mu district ye Mayuge.
Abagenzi kwekuli Wagodo Rogers 4, ne Wampa Dan 2 nga bano kitaabwe Bookya Wampa yabasibidde mu nyumba nagenda okulaba filimu ku muliraano.
Omu kubataka Basoga Willy agamba nti baalabye kikka nga kikwatiridde mu bwengula bw’e nnyumba ya Wampa ebadde eyessubi, okutuukayo nga ebyomunyumba bisanyeewo n’abaana bafuuse bisiriiza
Sentebe we kyalo kino vicent Kyabika alabudde abazadde okukomya okusibira abaana bokka mu nju, kyagambye nti kikolwa kya bulagajjavu.
Kigambibwa nti nnyina w’abaana bano abadde yabalekera kitaabwe emyezi mitono egiyise, ye n’agenda okukuba ekyeyo.
Police ye Mayuge emirambo egiggyewo negitwala mu ggwanika ly’eddwaliro e Iganga nga bwegenda mu maaso nookunoonyereza ku kiviiriddeko omuliro guno.
Wabula ng’ettaala ya tadooba eyalekeddwa munju ng’eyaka kiteeberezebwa nti yandiba nga yeyavuddeko obuzibu.
Bisakiddwa: Kirabira Fred


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Amawulire
Omufere asindikibbwa mu Komera
Ivan Ssenabulya
April 23rd, 2022
Bya Ruth Anderah,
Omugoba wemotoka atemera mu gyobukulu 30 agambibwa okuba nti abadde afera abantu nabanyagako ensimbi nga abasuubiza okubafunira emirimu ebweru gamumyukidde mu kaguli.
Hussein Katonga mutuuze we Busega, Rubaga mu Kampala asimbiddwa mu maaso gomulamuzi weddaala erisooka owa kkooti eya City Hall mu kampala Valerian Tumuhimbise namusomera emisango gyeyegaanye.
Kigambibwa nti Kato ne banne mu December wa 2021 e Kikaaya central zone bekobaana nekigendererwa ekyokubba akakadde kamu mwemitwalo 70 okuva eri Eseza Namatovu nga bamusubiziza okumufunira omulimo ebweru.
Ono wakudda mu kkooti nga May 8th 2022 okwongera okuwulira omusango gwe.


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OKUZIIKA OULANYAH
Pulezidenti Museveni ayongedde okumutendereza.
Emikolo gy’okuziika abadde sipiika wa palamenti Jacob l’okori oulanyah gitandese ku ssaawa ssatu ez’enkya ya leero ku kyalo laloji mu disitukiti ye omoro
Omumyuka w’omukulembeze w’eggwanga Jesica Alupo yaabadde omukungubazi omukulu era nga yaasomye obubaka bwa mukamawe pulezidenti Yoweri kaguta Museveni.
Ono atendereza Oulanya nga abadde omusajja atasooka kutunuulira muntu kyali wabula nti kyasobola okukola okugatta ku nsi ye.Bwatyo nakubagiza taata wo mugenzi namabugo ga 50M ate bbo abaana abawadde amabuga ga bukadde 20.
Ate sipiika wa palamenti Anita Among yeebazizza pulezidenti olwokukola buli kisobooka okutaasa obulamu bwomugenzi ne yebaza ne palamenti okuyimilirawo mukaseera ako ok’okugezesebwa.
Ssabalamuzi w’eggwanga Alfonsi Owinyi Dollo nga ono abadde omu ku baffanfe bomungezi era alaze ebbanja lyabalekedde bwatyo ne yeyama okulaba nga abaana bo Oulanyah basigala basoma.
Jacob l’okori oulanyah yava mu bulam7u bw’ensi eno nga ennaku z’omwezi 20 omwezi oguwedde okusinziira e seatle mu ggwanga lya America gyeyali addusiddwa okujjanjabibw


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Amawulire
Museveni akunze abakkiriza okwetanira pulogulamu ya PDM
Ivan Ssenabulya
June 3rd, 2022
Bya Benjamin Jumbe,
Omukulembeze wéggwanga YK Museveni asabye abakkiriza okwaniriza pulogulamu ya parish Devt Model okuyita mu byobulimi basobole okwegobako obwavu.
Bino bibadde mu bubakabwe eri abalamazi abakunganidde ku kiggwa kya bakatoliki e Namugongo mu kujjukira abajjulizi ba Uganda.
Obubaka bwa Museveni busomeddwa ssabaminista Robinah Nabbanja, awabudde nti abatalina ttaka wakulimira betanire enkola ye myooga oba okukola mu makolero oba okwetanira emirimu mu byatechnologia.
Era yebaziza bannauganda okukwatizako gavt mu lutalo olwokulwanyisa ekirwadde kya covid 19 nga bagondera ebiragiro.
Mungeri yemu ssabasumba Paul Ssemogerere asomoozeza abakkiriza okwenyigira ku kubunyisa enjiri ya kristu kuba guno si mulimu gwa basumba bokka.
Omusumba w’essaza ly’e Fort-portal Dr Robert Muhiirwa alabudde ku bikolwa byokweraguza, nti abakulisitu babikomye.
Omusumba Dr Muhiirwa nga yakulembeddemu mmisa ku kiggwa Kyabakatuliki e Namugongo, mu bubaka bwe agambye nti kyannaku wakyaliwo abakirisitu abakyakiririza mu kwelaguza.
Agambye nti tekisoboka kuwereza ssitaani ne Katonda, nga balina okusalawo banyweze okukiriza kwabwe mu Katonda.
Avumiridde nebikolwa by’obwenzi, obutemu, okujjamu embuto nebiralala ebitali byabwakatonda.
Mungeri yemu omusumba Muhiirwa asomozeza abakulembeze be nzikkiriza okudda ku mulamwa ogwokukumakuma endiga za kristu mu kifo kyokumala obudde mu byabwe.
Alaze obwenyamivu okulaba nti abakulembeze mu ddiini ensangi zino tebakyafaayo ku ndiga za katonda wabula okumala obudde mu byabwe kyagambye nti kyabulabe
Fr JB Kaganda okuva ku ggwandisizo lya bakatoliki yavunudde obubaka bwa bishop Muhiirwa


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Obwakabaka bwa Buganda bujaguzza emyaka 29 egya Ssaabasajja Kabaka Muzzangoma Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II ng’alamula ensiiye.
Emikolo emikulu jibumbujidde mu Lubiri e Mengo, gitambulidde ku mulamwa gubadde gwakulwanyisa Mukekenya mu Bizinga nga abaami bebasaale.
Ssabasajja Kabaka mu Lubiri ayaniriziddwa Kamalabyonna wa Buganda, Munnamateeka Charles Peter Mayiga, Kaggo Agnes Nakibirige Ssempa n’amwanjulira amakula.
Oluvannyuma Omutanda alamusizza ku Mujjaguzo era nayolekera Ekiwu nga akulembeddwamu ab’ekika ky’e Mbogo abamukongojja, bwatyo n’akkalira ku Namulondo ya bajajjaabe.
Omutanda asiimye nayogerako eri Obuganda ku matikkirwage, n’alagira abantube bongere amaanyi mu kulima emmwanyi, ate bazongereko Omutindo olwo baziganyulwemu ekiwera..
Maasomooji agambye emmwanyi kirime kikulu nnyo mu Bwakabaka ne mu Uganda eyawamu, mu kawefube w’okulwanyisa obwavu mu bantu.
Nnyininsi agambye nti ebibiina by’obwegassi byakuyamba nnyo okulima mu bungi, okusuubula,n’okukuuma omutindo gw’emmwanyi.
Nnamunswa yeebazizza abakulembeze ku mitendera egyenjawulo abaliko kyebakoze mu kutaakiriza emmwanyi.
Beene ayagala wabeewo embeera esobozesa abalimi okufuna ebikozesebwa ebituukiridde mu bulimi,omuli okufuna endokwa ez’omutindo, n’ebijimusa, ate n’okusaawo enkola erondoola ebbeyi y’emmwanyi mu ggwanga.
Katikkiro wa Buganda Charles Peter Mayiga mu bubakabwe alambuludde ebikulu ebituukiddwako mu myaka 29 nga Beene ali ku Namulondo.
Muno mulimu abantu okutegeera ekitiibwa kya Nnamulondo, olulyo olulangira, n’ebyafaayo by’obwakabaka, n’emirimu egyenjawulo egikolebwa Obwakabaka.
Katikkiro agambye nti buli kimu ekituukiddwako kireeteddwa obumu n’Okusoosowazibwa kw’abavubuka.
Omukubiriza w’Olukiiko lw’abataka Namwama Augustine Kizito Mutumba agambye tebagenda kulekerera Ssaabasajja mu kutumbula ebyobulamu nga bayita mukukolera awamu ng’abataka.
Muno mulimu okusomesa abazzukulu ku nsonga azenjawulo nga basinziira mu nkiiko z’ebika n’ebyoto.
Omutaka Mutumba agambye nti mu kiseera kino ng’abataka, bali ku kawefube w’okulungamya abazzukulu ku nteekateeka zonna ezigobererwa ku mikolo gy’okabya ennyimbe nga bagobererwa obuwangwa n’ennono.
Omulabirizi w’Ekanisa ya Seventh Day Adventist Church Central Uganda Conference Omusumba Samuel Kajoba nga yakulembeddemu Okusaba, asabye omutonzi okuwangaaza Beene.
minister w’ensonga z’ebweru wa Bunyoro Phillip Katahoire nga yakiikiridde Omuhiikirwa Andrew Byakutaaga agambye nti, enkolagana eriwo wakati w’Obwakabaka ne Bunyoro nyweevu ddala, olw’entekateeka ezenkulaakulana eziri mu bukulembeze bwombiriri.
Maasomooji mukusooka yatongozza ebifaanaynyi bya bassekabaka 31.
Katikkiro Charles Peter Mayiga ategezezza Omuteregga nti waliwo ebifaananyi by’abassekabaka babiri ebikyabuze naye nga bikyanoonyezebwa.
Ekifaananyi kya Ssekabaka Ssuuna nakyo kyali kyabula, era nga kibadde kyakazuulwa mu bitundu bye Zanzibar nekireetebwa mu bbanga lya wiiki bbiri eziyise.
Katikkiro agambye nti ebifaananyi ebyo kuliko ebyabassekabaka 5 ebyakubwa ku camera, ng’ebisigadde bisiigiddwa nga byesigamizibwa ku buwandiike obwassibwa mu bitabo ebyenjawulo nga binnyonyola endabika ya bakabaka abo ey’obwenyi n’enkula y’emibiri gyabwe.
Ebifaananyi bino bisiigiddwa Simon Peter Bwanika ne Wasswa Lumu.
Beene asiimye n’agabula Obuganda n’ennyama enjokye, era naalamusa ku mujaguzo, kyokka olw’embeera y’ekirwadde ki lumiima mawuggwe Ssaabasajja olwa leero takongojjeddwa.
Wabaddewo okunyanyagiza ebivuga ebya buli ngeri omubadde aba Madinda, ab’entongooli n’amakondeere, engoma nebivuga ebyabuli ngeri, ennyimba z’abayizi b’amasomero n’ekitontome ekikwata ku bulwadde bwa siriimu.
Omukolo guno gwetabiddwako Nnabagereka, abalangira n’abambejja, bannalinnya, Ssabalangira , Ssaabaganzi. Bajjajja abataka ab’Obusolya.
Ba Katikkiro abaawummula Owek.Dan Muliika n’Owek J.B Walusimbi ,ba minister ba Ssaabasajja n’abaami b’amasaza, ab’amagombolola, bassenkulu b’ebitongole by’Obwakabaka betabye ku mukolo.
Katuukiro wa Busoga Joseph Muvawala ne phillip Katahoire minister w’ensonga z’ebweru w’Obukama bwa Bunyoro babaddewo.
Bannadiini babaddewo okuli Ven. Canon Godfrey BK Buwembo, Supreme Mufti Muhamadi Galabuzi, Msgr Charles Kasibante, Yeronmous Mzeei n’Omulabirizi Samuel Kajoba owa Adventist church era yakulembeddemu okusaba ku mikolo gino.
Minister wa technology n’ebyempuliziganya Joyce Juliet Nabbosa Ssebuggwawo akiikiridde government.
Mu ngeri yeemu omukolo guno gwetabiddwako eyaliko omumyuka w’Omukulembeze w’eggwanga Edward Kiwanuka Ssekandi.
Abakulira ebibiina by’obufuzi ekya NUP Robert Kyagulanyi Ssentebe n’ekya ANT Gen Mugisha Muntu,ababaka ba parliament abakulembeddwamu Owek.Mathius Mpuuga Nsamba,ba ssentebe ba district, ba mayor ne ba kansala babaddewo.
Omukolo gw’Okujjukira amatikirwa aga 29 guwagiddwa Airtel Uganda, DFCU Bank, Bank of Uganda, Uganda Breweries limited, CBS FM, BBS Terefayina, Uganda Red Cross Society,UNAIDS.
Bisakiddwa: Kato Denis ne Kibuuka Fred
Ebifaananyi: Kirumira Musa


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Amawulire
Gavt evudeyo nébinagobererwa eri abagala okutandika amasundiro gámafuta
Ivan Ssenabulya
May 4th, 2022
Bya Prossy Kisakye,
Gavumenti evudeyo ne biragobererwa eri abagala okutandikawo amasundiro ga mafuta mu ggwanga.
Kino kidiridde okwemulugunya nti bangi batondawo amasundiro g’amafuta mu bifo ebikyamu, era awatali kugoberera mateeka.
Bwabadde ayogera ne bannamwulire ku Media Center mu Kampala, minisita webyettaka, okuzimba nenkulakulana yebibuga Judith Nabakooba, agambye nti okuvaayo n’okulambika kuno basoose kwebuuza ku bantu bonna abakwatibwako ensonga.
Mu bimu ebyetaagisa, agenda okuzimba esundiro lya mafuta atekeddwa okufuna Development Permit ne Building Permit ngalina nokulaga pulaani ye eri akakaiiko aka Physical Planning Committtee.
Batekeddwa okugoberera etteeka erya National Environment Act 2019, batekeddwa okwesuula Mita 200 okuva awali essomero, essinzizo, akatale, ekisaawe, eddwaliro ne bifo ebirala eby’olukale.
Anamenya amateeka gano wakusasula engasi yamitwalo 96 oba okusibwa emyaka 2 mu kkomera oba byombi.


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For Luganda click here.
In early 2016, people across the United States became aware of a new threat—Zika virus. A New York Times article that April featured a description of the discovery of Zika virus in “a remote Ugandan lab” in the 1940s.[1] But while that story acknowledged the contributions of scientists in Uganda, it mistook the laboratory in question, the Ugandan Virus Research Institute (UVRI), for a “remote” place when in fact it was, and is, a major center for virus research. Indeed, while the processes that led to the isolation of Zika virus have been detailed many times (first in the scientific publications that announced its discovery and preliminary epidemiological and clinical findings in the 1940s and 1950s, and more recently in retrospective accounts following the outbreaks in Latin America), these accounts have largely omitted the institutional context in which Zika was first discovered.
Such accounts have obscured the legacies of institutional investment, personal dedication, and professional commitment that led to the Zika virus and many other discoveries, the importance of which may not yet be fully appreciated. Moreover, while retrospective accounts have celebrated the European and North American scientists credited with Zika’s discovery, they have largely ignored the Ugandan scientists who continued the tradition of virological and entomological investigations in Entebbe, ensuring the survival of the institute and its records, knowledge, and resources.
In this post, we offer a different account of Zika virus, one in which its discovery is an entry point into a broader history of the UVRI and the people who worked there. In doing so, we combine autobiographical and historical narrative, drawing on our experience as an entomologist who has worked at the UVRI since 1965 (Mukwaya) and as a historian who has studied the history of virus research in Uganda (Cummiskey).
Over the years, the institution where Zika was discovered has been known by several names, including the Yellow Fever Research Institute, the East Africa Virus Research Institute (EAVRI), and finally, the UVRI. We discuss the work that allowed the UVRI to survive the transition to Ugandan independence, the violence of successive authoritarian regimes, the devastation of a Civil War, and the imposition of economic austerity measures. The evolution of the UVRI from an imperial and colonial institution to a regional cooperative venture to a national institute with partnerships across the world has been the result of strategic positioning and a record of excellence in research. The historical context of the institution that discovered Zika virus shows that when global institutions invest in long-term, stably funded institutions around the world, they produce unanticipated dividends, such as the discovery of Zika virus. As North American and European governments limit or cut funding to overseas scientific research and training, it is important to reflect on what that funding has achieved in the past. The UVRI’s commitment to creating and curating important data about viruses that, like Zika, travel from “remote” Ugandan forests to the metropolises of Southeast Asia, the Americas, and Europe, illustrates what the global community stands to lose when governments divest from such institutions.
The 2016 New York Times article described researchers in the 1940s “stumbling” onto the Zika forest and its “petri dish” of viruses. In one sense, this was the case. No one had been looking for Zika virus. But the research that the field workers were conducting in Uganda was systematic, deliberate, and very well-funded. In 1936, the Rockefeller Institution’s International Health Division reached an agreement with the colonial government of Uganda to establish a laboratory on the banks of Lake Victoria to study yellow fever. Yellow fever was one of the most feared epidemic diseases in colonial Africa, and the recent discovery of its presence in East Africa raised fears that it might cross the Indian Ocean, infecting the heretofore unaffected Indian subcontinent and wreaking havoc on imperial trade. The Yellow Fever Research Institute was created to establish the limits of yellow fever endemicity, the animals involved in its transmission, and the environmental factors that dictated its spread. Among other things, this involved collecting hundreds of thousands of mosquitos.
The career of the first Ugandan scientist to work at the UVRI offers a case study in the ways that international support for institutions like the UVRI built capacity to tackle both known and unanticipated problems related to virus research. Louis Mukwaya’s career illustrates the value of work done by Ugandan scientists and the continencies that shape what we know and don’t know about Zika and related viruses.
In 1965 Alexander J. Haddow, director of the EAVRI and one of the scientists credited with discovery of the Zika virus, retired and moved back to his native Scotland. In August of that same year, Mukwaya joined the staff of the institute as its first Ugandan scientist. Mukwaya was born in 1939 in the Luweero District of central Uganda in a village called Kangavve. He developed an interest in studying medicine and pharmacy when, as a young boy, an herb applied by his auntie cured a serious swelling of his eyes that Western medicine had been unable to fix. In 1960, Mukwaya began a course in zoology at Makerere University College. Lectures by Peter Miller and Hugh Rowell, Cambridge University zoologists and in particular, Miller’s account of the tower in the Zika forest where scientists were studying the feeding behaviors of different species of mosquitoes—sparked Mukwaya’s interest in mosquito research and inspired him to take up a career in entomology.
Rowell assigned Mukwaya a special project: to develop a way to breed nsenene, the local grasshopper, in the laboratory—a feat that had thus far eluded scientists. Mukwaya’s success meant that entomologists could now study the mechanisms for color variation and other characteristics. This research ultimately led to an offer to join the EAVRI as a trainee entomologist in 1965. After Uganda gained independence from Great Britain in 1962, and expatriate employees of the colonial government were leaving the country, the EAVRI and similar institutions were in the process of “Africanizing” their scientific staff. By the standards of the time, the highly skilled Ugandans who had worked at the Institute for decades were not considered scientists, so Mukwaya became the first Ugandan scientist on the EAVRI staff.
Both local experience and international support was vital to the EAVRI’s survival during the political upheavals of the 1960s and 1970s in Uganda. In his first several years at the EAVRI, Mukwaya learned the techniques for collecting and identifying wild mosquitos from experienced technicians, including Yovani Ssenkubuge. Ssenkubuge was a veteran of entomological field work who had spent several decades at the Institute. He taught Mukwaya about managing his field staff and how to operate in the field. For his PhD, Mukwaya researched the genetic basis of Aedes simpsoni mosquitoes’ feeding preferences (this work was supervised by Rowell); this led to a 1973 postdoctoral fellowship at Princeton, funded by the WHO.
By the end of the fellowship, the political situation in Uganda, where Idi Amin had seized power from Milton Obote in a coup in 1971, had deteriorated to the point where Mukwaya’s supervisor at Princeton attempted to persuade him to stay in the United States. But Mukwaya was committed to his research on Aedes simpsoni, and needed to be in a place where the mosquitos could be collected. He returned to Uganda at the end of 1974 and kept a low profile. In 1976 the state of affairs in the country worsened, with Amin’s regime violently repressing real and imagined dissent across the country and with increasing commodity scarcities. In the span of two years, both the director and deputy director of the EAVRI fled the country. In 1977 Amin withdrew Uganda from the East African Community, the international body representing the governments of Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya which oversaw the EAVRI. Only a skeleton staff of mainly technicians and junior staff remained at the nationalized and re-named Uganda Virus Research Institute. Under the circumstances, Mukwaya found himself appointed acting Director of the Institute.
Mukwaya’s management skills, learned from senior technicians at the EAVRI like Ssenkubuge and from his experience in international laboratories, were vital to the persistence of the Institute. If the UVRI had collapsed, its collection of perishable specimens, its institutional memory, and its potential for future renewal would have been irretrievably lost. Amin had directed that if the UVRI staff were to abandon the site, the institution would be turned into a military hospital or barracks. In order to prevent this eventuality, Mukwaya recruited scientists and technicians who had lost their jobs at other now-defunct East African Community institutions, with whom he kept the UVRI operating.
When war with Tanzania broke out in 1978, Mukwaya and his colleagues were unable to maintain a robust research program, but they kept the generators running with fuel supplied by sympathetic soldiers based at the airport in Entebbe. This preserved a collection of sera, virus isolates, and reagents that represented a rare, if not unique collection of raw material for arbovirus studies with unknown potential for future use in identifying and studying human disease. They also permitted a baseline level of research to continue. Because many people in the area feared being infected by viruses, the Institute escaped wartime looting.
International funding remained critical to Mukwaya’s work, and to the work of the UVRI more broadly, in the years following Amin’s regime. In 1979, after Amin had been deposed, the WHO funded another fellowship for Mukwaya to study at the University of Florida in Gainesville. In Gainesville, Mukwaya learned techniques in biological control and insect pathology with a view to setting up a laboratory for biological control of mosquitoes in Uganda. Mukwaya was also invited by the Body of Science and Technology for International Development (BOSTID) in Washington D.C. to attend a meeting on mosquito research and draw guidelines for determining strategies for developing countries. When he returned to Uganda, Mukwaya won a number of grants from BOSTID, which he used to equip his laboratory in Entebbe. That funding secured the UVRI’s first computer. Mukwaya’s international contacts allowed him to contribute resources to the institution whose survival he had helped to ensure in the previous decade. In 1984, the U.S. Academy of Sciences offered a grant to Mukwaya to spend six months at the University of Notre Dame to learn new techniques for Aedes simpsoni species differentiation. This knowledge enabled several subsequent BOSTID-supported projects in Uganda.
Investment in Mukwaya’s career by people in Uganda and abroad also served the interests of the broader community of people responsible for studying and controlling arboviruses. After returning to Uganda in 1981, Mukwaya started collaborating with colleagues in the United States to study microbes pathogenic to mosquito larvae—research which continues today. When a yellow fever outbreak occurred in Nigeria in 1987, Mukwaya was recruited as a WHO consultant to investigate the epidemic. While there, he collected Aedes mosquitoes from different parts of Nigeria which he shipped to the Entebbe laboratory for future studies. His career has included work at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. and collaborations with the scientists at the Vero Beach laboratories in Florida, the British Museum, and the Liverpool School of Medicine—ventures that resulted in publications and further avenues of investigation for him and his collaborators. In 2009, Mukwaya was honored by mosquito taxonomists who named a subgenus, Stegomyia (Mukwaya), for him in recognition of his contributions to medical entomology, especially knowledge of Aedes simpsoni.
Mukwaya understands his work as a continuation of a legacy in entomology and arbovirology started by the scientists who ran the Institute when Zika was discovered. When most of the research at the Institute was disrupted after the breakup of the East African Community in 1979 and during the War of Liberation that followed Amin’s overthrow, Mukwaya saw himself as a custodian of the Institute’s legacy. And when international attention to HIV/AIDS in Uganda led to vast international investments in AIDS-related projects at the UVRI in the late 1980s and 1990s, Mukwaya advocated for continued support for basic research in medical entomology and arbovirology, building on the foundations established in the 1930s and 1940s.
Mukwaya’s story, and those of the scientists who came before him at the UVRI and worked alongside him, illustrate how situating the production of medical knowledge outside the so-called west provides a new window on the history of international health. By profiling Mukwaya and other UVRI scientists of different generations, Cummiskey is working to understand how he and other scientists in Uganda understood, navigated, and shaped their relationships with international partners over several decades. This historical work aims to show that Ugandan scientists have been crucial to the production of knowledge about viruses and will be crucial to the continued growth of that knowledge. The histórias of these scientists suggest new ways of thinking about relationships between countries with resources to invest in global health programs and the countries in which those programs are implemented, such as Uganda. As Mukwaya’s story demonstrates, these relationships are complicated, and can have long-term benefits for all involved, though the Ugandan partners have historically struggled to receive proportionate recognition for their work. But as countries like the United States threaten to cut funding for institutions where these collaborations take place, both present and future expertise is jeopardized.
Mukwaya’s investment in training junior scholars has ensured a continuity of knowledge production in Entebbe. One of Mukwaya’s earliest trainees, Julius Lutwama, is now the assistant director of the institute. Another former trainee, John Paul Mutebi, works for the United States Centers for Disease Control. Mukwaya also worked to protect Zika Forest, with its 120-foot steel tower, from threats to cut it down for timber and redevelopment, work that was recognized by the NIH. Today, at the tower in the forest where Zika virus was first discovered, new work on the mosquitos responsible for disease transmission continues.[2]
Sustained investment in virus srveillance, research, and management is crucial to combatting diseases like Zika virus. As one journalist put it in 2016, “Uganda Discovered Zika Virus. And the Solution for It.”[3] Support for the institutions and careers of scientists based in Africa is a critical component of that solution. The World Health Organization, individual researchers affiliated with laboratories in the United States and the United Kingdom, and the government of Uganda have all supported Mukwaya’s career and made it possible for him to continue to create scientific knowledge and train junior researchers.
Zika virus is just one of many viruses whose discovery and rediscovery was made possible by people like Mukwaya, and failure to invest in these international research sites and the scientists that work there threatens to undermine the infrastructures that protect the global community from those viruses.
In a 1951 comment that seems remarkably prescient more than half a century later, a colonial official opining about the future significance of the institute noted, “The virus known as Mengo Myeloencephalitis [sic] was discovered during yellow fever surveys and was first regarded as a discovery of purely local interest. But further work in the United States of America and Entebbe and the correlation of the respective results now indicate a probable worldwide distribution of the virus although its epidemiological significance is still quite unknown.”[4] Like Mengo encephalitis virus, Zika virus started out as a local curiosity. But while Mengo has remained relatively obscure, Zika has certainly eclipsed its local origin. The story of the UVRI and the people that have worked there is a reminder that the world relies on such institutions to study those curiosities before they become global threats.
Notes
[1] Joshua Kron, “In a Remote Ugandan Lab, Encounters with Zika and Mosquitoes Decades Ago,” New York Times April 5, 2016.
[2] See, inter alia, M. Lukenge, J. Birungi, Jonathan Kayondo, Charles Masembe, and Louis G Mukwaya , “Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Gram Positive Entomopathogenic Bacteria Against the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae in Uganda,” International Journal of Mosquito Research 4,1 (2017): 50-57.
[3] Andrew Green, “Uganda Discovered the Zika Virus. And the Solution for it.” Foreign Policy 2016, http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/02/10/uganda-discovered-the-zika-virus-and-the-solution-for-it/
[4] Memorandum from Eric Horgan to the Administrator of the East African High Commission, n.d. [1951], UK National Archives CO 927/180/8.”
LWAKI WALIWO OBWETAVU OKUWA OBUYAMBI ERI UGANDA VIRUS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, AMAKA GA ZIKA?
Omwaka 2016 nga gutandika, entiisa yabuna egwanga lya America olwo’bulwadde obupya obuleetebwa akawuka ka zika virus. Mu mwezi ogwokuna ogw’omwaka ogwo, olupapula olututumufu olumanyiddwa nga New York Times lwafulumya ekiwandiiko ekyanyonyola okuvumbulwa kwa kawuka kano mu ka labalatole ke’balengezza nga akatono mu Uganda mu myaka gya’1940. Newankubadde nga ekiwandiko kino kyasiima emirimu gyabanasaayaansi mu Uganda, kyafebya obunene wamu nobukulu bwa labolatole eno kati emanyiddwa nga Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), era eyebuzibwako mu nsi yona kubikwatagana nokunonyereza ku buwuka buno. Wadde nga emitendera gyo’kuzuula akawuka kano gyinyonyoddwa mu biwandiiko bingi, gyireseyo nnyo obukulu bwekifo akawuka mwekasoka okuzulibwa.
Ebiwandiiko bino tebigyeyo bukulu n’amanyi ga kitongole kino kyegatekamu mu kunonyereza, okwewayo kwassekinomu, nobunyikivu mu bakozi obwavirako okuzula kw’akawuka ka zika virus nokuvumbula okulala kunji nnyo. Obukulu bwabino byonna tebusiimidwa mu bujjuvu. Wabula ebiwandiiko bingi bisiimye nnyo banasaayaansi bebulaaya na’obomumambuka ga Amerika olwokuzuula akawuka ka zika virus. Abawandiisi bano tebaafaayo nnyo ku banasaayaansi ba Uganda abagenda mumaaso nokunonyereza ku buwuka buno awamu n’ensili ezibusasanya nga zilumye abantu. Bana’Uganda bano baalwana okulaba nga ekitongole kibelawo awamu n’obugagga bwa’kyo ngo’kwo kwotadde n’ebiwandiiko.
Olupapula lwaffe luno lugyayo okunyonyola okwenjawulo okw’okuzulibwa kwa zika virus, nga kugyayo ekifananyi ekigazi ku byafaayo bya UVRI n’abakoledemu. Mu kola kino tutadewamu ebikwata ku Louis Mukwaya ne’gyenvudde we, okusinzira ku bumanyirivu bwe nga’ omukugu mu’nsiri akoledde UVRI okuva 1965 n’omukyala Julia Cummiskey ng’omukuggu asomye ebyafaayo ebikwata ku kunonyereza ku buwuka bunno mu Uganda.
Mu myaaka egiyise, ekitongole ekyazuula zika virus, kimanyiddwa amannya agawerako nga mwe muli Yellow Fever Research Institute, East Africa Virus Research Institute (EAVRI) oluvanyuma nekiyitibwa UVRI. Nga tulambulula emirimu egiyimiriza wo UVRI okuva mu meffuga ga Uganda, entalo ezitatade ne byenfuna by’eggwaanga okubeera nga tebisobola kuwanirira mirimu. Okwo gatako olugendo lwokuva mu mefuga okudda ku buwereza bw’omukago gwa East Africa okutuuka ku kuwereza eggwanga nga batta omukago ne bitongole ebirala mu nsi. Ebyafaayo byekitongole ekyazuula zika biraga nti ensimbi bwezisigibwa mu bitongole nga bino ensi efuna ebinonogo ttoge. Mukiseera nga kino nga gavumenti za bamusiga nsimbi zikendeeza obuyambi, kyandibadde kikulu okwefumitiriza kumigaso ensimbi zebasiga kye zikoze mu bbanga eriyise. Emirimu gya UVRI gyekozze mu kunonyereza ku buwuka obunyunyusi n’endwadde ez’enjawulo giraga nti ensi yona okutwaliza awamu yejja okufiirwa singa gavumenti zabamusiga nsimbi zikendeeza ku buyambi.
Ekiwandiiko ekyafulumizibwa mu lupapula lwa New York Times mu 2016, kyalambika nga okuzulibwa kw’akawuka ka zika bwekutaali kugenderere. Newankubadde nga essira ku mulimu gw’okunoonyereza lyali ku musujja gwe’nkaka (yellow fever), naye entegeka eyakolebwa yali esobozesa okuzuula ebintu ebirala bingyi omwo nga mwemuli na’kawuka ka zika. Mu 1936 Rockefeller International Health Division yakiriziganya ne gavumenti ya Uganda era ne bakola endagaano okutekawo labolatole ku njegoyego z’enyanja Victoria, okunonyereza ku byomusujja gw’enkaka. Omusujja gunno ogwe’nkaka gwe gwali gusinga okutiissa ku ssemazinga wa Africa era bwe gwazulibwa mu East Africa, kyaletawo okutya nti obulwadde bunno buyinza okusala ssemayanja Indian ne busasana amawanga ga buyindi ne buzinggamya ebyobusubuzi byabafuzi bamatwale. N’olwekyo Yellow Fever Research Institute yatondebwawo okuziyiza okusaasana kwomusujja gwenkaka mu bisolo na byona ebiyinza okuyamba okusasaana okwo. N’olwekyo kyali kyetagisa okukwata enkuminenkumi z’ensiri okunonyamu obulwadde obwo
Emirimu gya munasaayansi, muna Uganda eyasooka okukola mu UVRI gituwa ekyokuyiga ng’obuyambi obuva ebweru bwebusobola okuyamba ebitongole nga UVRI okusomesa abakugu abasobola okukola ku bizibu ebimanyidwa n’ebyo ebitanamanyika ebikwatagana kukunonyereza ku buwuka bwa virus. Nga ekyokulabirako; tutunulira emirimu egikoleddwa Louis Mukwaya; gilaga emigaso gwe’mirimu egisobola okukolebwa banasaayaansi ba Uganda nokulambulula kwebyo byetumanyi ne ebitanamanyika ku zika virus ne ku viruses endala.
Mu 1965, Alexander J Haddow, senkulu wa EAVRI, era nga y’omu ku banasaayaansi abatenderezebwa okuzuula akawuka akanyunyunsi aka Zika, yawumula era nadayo mu nsi ye eya Scotland. Mu August w’omwaka ogwo era, Mukwaya yaweebwa omulimu mu kitongole kinno nga muna saayaansi eyasooka mu Uganda. Mukwaya yazalibwa mu 1939 ku kyaalo Kangave ekisangibwa mu distirikiti ya Luweero. Mukwaya yafuna ekinyegenyege ekyokusooma obusawo bwa bantu bweyalwaala eriiso nga akyaali muto senga we namujjanjabisa eddagala ly’ekinansi nawona so nga ate yasooka kujjanjabibwa ne ddagala ezzungu neriremererwa. Mu 1960, Mukwaya yatandika ku misomo gye ejjobukugu mu Zoology ku kasoszi ka bayivu emakerere. Abamu ku basomesa be baali Peter Miller ne Hugh Rowell okuva mu Cambridge University. Yayagala nnyo ebyasomesebwa’nga Miller naddala ku kuluma kwensiri ku kanaala mu kibira kya zika. Bino byasanyusa nnyo Mukwaya era nasalawo okusoma ensiri n’ebiwuka ebirala okutwalira awamu.
Rowell yawa Mukwaya pulojekiti ey’ozaaza ensenene mu labolatole ekintu ekyaali kisoomozeza banasaayaansi ebiseera ebyo. Obuwanguzi bwa Mukwaya mu kukola okunonyereza kunno kyasobozesa banasaayaansi okusoma engeri langi gyezikyukamu ne neeyisa yensenene okutwalira awamu. Okunonyereza kunno kwa muletera okwegata ku EAVRI asobole okubangulwa mu biwuka mu 1965. Uganda bwe yafuna obwetwaze mu 1962, abazungu abasinga badayo mu nsi yabwe n’ekitegeza nti EAVRI yalina kudukanyizibwa banansi. Okusinzira ku mbeera eyaliwo ebiseera ebyo, abamanyirivu abaali bakoleddeko mutendekero eryo okumala ebyasa baali tebatwalibwa nga bana-saayaansi. N’olwekyo Mukwaya nafuuka munasaayansi eyasooka mu Uganda mu kitongole kya EAVRI.
Obumanyirivu obwaliwo n’obuwagizi obwava mu bitundu ebirala by’ensi byali bikulu okuyimirizawo emirimu gya EAVRI wadde nga bwali budde bwakusomoza olwobutabanguko obutatade obwali mu gwanga wakati wa 1960 ne 1970. Mu myaka jje egyasooka, Mukwaya yayigirizibwa obukodyo bw’okukwata ensiri z’omunsiko. Omw. Ssenkubuge Yovani nga yali mukugu mu kukwaata ensiri era nga yomu ku bali baludde mu EAVRI ye yatendeka Mukwaya namuyigiriza n’engeri y’okuddukanya emirimu n’okulembera abakozi ebweru wa laboratole. Mukwaya mu kusoma kwe okwa PhD, yanonyereza ku buttonde bwe kika kyensiri Aedes simpsoni ne ngeri gye zelobozamu ebyokulya (genetics of feeding preference). Rowell yayamba nyo mu byokusoma kuno. Kino kyamutusa ku kweyongerayo okusoma postdoctoral mu Princeton University mu 1973 nga ayambibwa ekitongole ky’obyobulamu munsi yonna (WHO).
Mukwaya nga amaliriza okusoma, embeera y’obyobufuzi mu Uganda yali eyononese nga Idi Amin amaze okuwamba Obote mu 1971, kino kyaletera omusomesa we okwogerako naye oba yalisiimye okugira nga asigalako mu America. Naye Mukwaya yali yemalidde mu kunonyereza’kwe ku’nsiri Ae. simpsoni era nga yetaaga okubeera mu kifo wasobola okukunganya ensiri eyo; kwe’kukomawo mu Uganda mu 1974 neyekumira mu mbeera eyobutalaga buyivu bwe. Mu 1976 embeera yebyobufuzi muggwanga yali esajuse kumulembe gwa Amini nga ebintu ebikozesebwa mu bulamu obwabuligyo tebikyalabika. Mu banga erya emyaka ebbiri omukulembeze wekitongole (EAVRI) namuddirira badduka mu ggwanga. Mu 1977 Idi Amin yagya Uganda mumukago gwa East Africa ogwali gulabirira EAVRI. Abakozi abasiigalawo bali batono ate nga okusinga ba ddaala lya wansi. Mukiseera kyekimu erinnya ly’ekitongole lyakyusibwa nekifuuka Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI). Mumbeera eyo, Mukwaya yesanga ngalondeddwa okubeera senkulu wekitongole owekiseera.
Obukugu bwa Mukwaya mukukwasaganya emirimu bweyayiga okuva mu bakugu nga Ssenkubuge nokukolerako mu labolatole ezenjawulo ebweru w’eggwanga byali bya mugaso nnyo mukusigalawo kw’ekitongole kino. Singa ekitongole kino kyaggalawo, ebyali bikunganyiziddwa ebisobola okwonooneka, wamu n’ebyo ebyandibadde bijjukirwa ku kitongole era n’omukisa gwakyo okuzibwawo mu biseera ebijja kyandibadde tekikyasoboka. Amin yali awadde ebiragiro nti singa abakozi ba UVRI baali bonna badduse, ekifo kyandifuuliddwa eddwaliro lyamaggye oba nkambi ya maggye. Mu kugezaako okuziyiza kino Mukwaya yakomyawo abakozi abaali bafiiriddwa emirimo gyaabwe olwa Uganda okuva mumukago gwa East Africa era kino kyekyamba ekitongole okusigala nga kiddukanyizibwa.
Olutalo bwelwabalukawo ne Tanzania mu 1978, Mukwaya ne banne tebaasobola kukuuma mirimu nga gigenda mu maaso, naye baasobola okukuuma generata nga kweziri olw’amafuta agabawebwanga abasirikale ab’ekisa okuva ku kisaawe kyennyonyi Entebbe. Kino kyakuuma ekunganyizo ly’omusaayi n’obuwuka bwa viruses okwo kwosa ne’bikozesebwa mu labalatole ebitalabikalabika era ebyomugaso mu kunonyereza. Kino kyayamba okufuna entandikwa yokunoonyereza okwebiseera ebyomumaaso. olwokuba abantu bangi mu kitundu baali batya okufuna obulwadde obuva ku virus ezaalowoozebwanga nti ziri mu kitongole, bwekityo ekitongole bwekyawona okubbibwa (looting) mu biseera bye ntalo.
Obugabirizi bwa mawanga gebweru bwasigala nga bukulu nnyo mu mirimo gya Mukwaya ne mirimo gya UVRI okutwalira awamu mu myaka egyagoberera obufuzi bwa Amin. Mu 1979 nga Amin amaze okugyibwa kubufuzi, ekitongole kyobulamu ekyensi yonna (WHO) kyawa Mukwaya omukisa omulala okusoma mu yunivasite ya Florida mu Gainesville. Mu Gainesville, Mukwaya yayigirayo obukodyo bwokutta ebiwuka nga tukozesa enkola eyobutonde (biological control) no’kusoma obulwadde bweebiwuka (insect pathology) nge ekigendererwa kwekutandikawo laboratole ekola ebintu nga bino mu Uganda. Mukiseera kyekimu Mukwaya yayitibwa aba Body of Science and Technology for International Development (BOSTID) mu Washington D.C. okwetaba mu lukiiko olukwata ku kunonyereza ku nsiri nokutema empenda ezokulungamya okukendeza obungi bwensiri mu mawanga agakyakula. Mukwaya bweyakomawo mu Uganda, aba BOSTID bayongera okumuwagira nga bamuwa ensiimbi emirundi egiwera zeyakozesa okuteka ebikozesebwa mu laboratole ye Entebbe. Obuyambi buno bwafunira ekitongole komputa yakyo eyasooka. Obututumufu bwa Mukwaya mu mawanga agebweru bwayamba okufunira ekitongole ebintu ebyeyambisibwa mu mirimu gyokunonyereza. Mu 1984, ekitongole kya Amerika Academy of Science kyawa Mukwaya omukisa okwongera okusoma obukodyo obupya obwokwawula ebika ebiri mu nsiri Ae.simpsoni mu University of Notre Dame okumala emyezi mukaaga. Amagezi gano gasobozesa okweyongera kw’obuyambi obugabibwa BOSTID eri okunonyereza mu Uganda.
Obuyambi bwabantu ba Uganda awamu naabo abebweru obwaweebwa Mukwaya, bwayamba abantu bangi abaali ku mulimu gwokuyiga n’okukendeeza viruses ezisasanyizibwa ensiri. Mu mwaaka 1981, Mukwaya nga amaze okukomawo mu Uganda yatandika enkolagana nebanasaayansi banne mu America okunonyereza kubuwuka obuletera ensiri ento obulwadde era okunonyereza kuno kukyagenda mumaaso ne kusaawa yaleero. Bweyali akyakola ebyo ate newagwawo obulwadde bw’omusujja gw’enkaka (yellow fever) e Nigeria mu 1987 obwatta abantu abangi ennyo. Ekitongole kyensi yonna ekyobulamu (WHO) kyayita Mukwaya agende e Nigeria nga omukugu eyebuzibwako ku nsiri ezisasaanya obulwadde obwo no kusomesa abantu be Nigeria ebikwata ku nsiri ezo awamu n’okukendeza obungi bwaazo. Bweyali e Nigeria yakwata ensiri ezireeta omusujja gw’enkaka okuva mu bitundu bingi ebye Nigeria naziwereza Entebbe mu labolatole okuzeyambisa mu kunyonyereza mu biseera ebyomumaso. Omulimu gwa Mukwaya gwamusobozesa okukolerako mu Smothsonian Institution mu Washington D.C. Lino no lyekumiro lyensiri enkalu (insect museum) ezikunganyizidwa okuva mu bitundu byensi ebyenjawulo. Era Mukwaya yakolagana nnyo nebanasaayansi abe Vero Beach mu Florida abakola ennyo kunsiri, British Museum ne Liverpool School of Medicine mu U.K. Mu bino byona mwavamu okuwandiika empapula ezimu ezasasaanira ensi yona era nokulaba ebyetagisa okunonyerezebwako ebipya eri Mukwaya nebane abo. Mu 2009, banasaayaansi abakugu mu’nsiri (mosquito taxonomists), bagonomolako Mukwaya ekitiibwa ekitatere kulabikalabika erinya lye bweryatumibwa ekika kyensiri gyebayiita ‘Stegomyia(Mukwaya)’ kwakola okunonyereza ng’asiimibwa olw’emirimu emirungi gyakoze kunsiri eyo nekunsiri endala ezireta obulwadde.
Mukwaya amanyi emirimu gyakoze nga egyongereza kw’egyo egya banasaayansi abali baddukanya ekitongole mu kiseera zika we’yavumbulwa. Okunonyereza okusinga obungi bwe kwakyankalanyizibwa olwokwekutula ku mukago gwa East Africa mu 1979 era ne mu lutalo olwamamulako Idi Amin, Mukwaya yeelaba nga ateresedwa ekitiibwa nobukulu bw’ekitongole. Newankubadde nga sente nyingi zatebwa mu kulwanyisa sirimu mu myaka gya 1980, Mukwaya yasigala awagira okwongera obuyambi mu kunonyereza mu ebyo ebyali bikolebwa ku ntandikwa yekitongole kino mu 1930 ne 1940.
Ebyafaayo bya Mukwaya nabo banasaayansi abajja ku UVRI ne bakola naye, bilaga nti amagezi ku byobulamu ebweru wensi zabazungu, gasaawo essuula’empya ku byafaayo byobulamu munsi yona. Mu kukunganya ebikwata ku Mukwaya ne banasaayaansi abalala ku UVRI mu mirembe egyenjawulo, Cummiskey agezako okuzula engeri ye ne banasaayaansi abalala mu Uganda gye bakolaganangamu na’babawa obuyambi ebanga eriyise. Emirimu gyebyafaayo gino gigenderera okulaga nti banasaayaansi be Uganda babadde era bajja kwongera okuba empagi luwaga mu kwongera okuzula ebipya ebikwata ku viruses. Ebyafaayo byabanasaayansi biretawo endowoza empya eyokukolagana wakati w’ensi ezirina obuyambi ne nsi eziringa Uganda entegeka zino ezobulamu gyezitebwa mu nkola. Nga ebikwata ku Mukwaya bwebiraga, enkolagana zino sinyangu wabula zisobola okuvaamu ebirungi ebirwawo eri abo bona abazetabyemu, newankubadde nga banasaayaansi be Uganda balafubanira ddala okumanyikwa olwemirimu gyebakoze. Mu kaseera kano nga ensi nga America etiisatisa okukomya enkolagana zino nensi nga Uganda, ebyo byona ebikolebwa n’ebyandikoledwa biba bbifa ttoge.
Okufaayo kwa Mukwaya okusomesa banasaayaansi abato kiyambye okukuma omutindo awamu nenkulakulana ya UVRI. Omu kubayizi ba Mukwaya abasokeladala gwe bayita Julius Lutwama, kati ali kudaala lya addirira omukulu wa UVRI. Ate era omuyizi omulala gwe bayita John Paul Mutebi kati akolela mu America mu kitongole kya CDC. Mukwaya alwanye okukuma Zika forest awamu nakanaala kakyo akafuuti 120 obutatemwamu mitti gy’embaawo. Olwomulimu guno yasiimwa ekitongole kya America ekyebyobulamu ekiyitibwa National Institutes of Health (NIH). Nabulikati, mukibira kino zika virus mweyazuulibwa, emirimu kunsiri ezi sasaanya obulwadde gyikyagenda mu maaso.
Obutassa mukono mukunoonya obuwuka bunno, n’okubunonyerezaako, awamu n’enkwaata y’emirimu ennungi, bikulu nnyo mu kuziyiza obuwuka nga zika virus. Nga munamawulile omu weyakyogera, nti “Uganda yazuula akuwaka ka zika virus nekanogela ne daagala”. Amakulu gaali nti Uganda okuzuula zika virus kyasinzira kuntegeka ennungi ne’nkologana eyaliwo namawanga agebweru. Ekitongole ky’ebyobulamu munsi yonna ekya WHO, banasaayansi mu labolatole za America ne Bungereza, ne gavumenti ya Uganda, boona bawaniridde Mukwaya okusobola okweyongerayo mu kunonyereza awamu n’okusosmesa emijijji emito egya banasaayansi.
Okuzuula kwa zika virus n’obuwuka obulala obwefananyirizaako obwo, kisobose olw’o kubaawo kw’abantu nga Mukwaya. N’olwekyo, okusaalako obuyambi ku bitongole nga UVRI na bakozi bakyo kisanyaawo ebitongole bino ebikola okutukuuma ng’ensi eri obuwuka nga zika virus.
Mu mwaka gwa 1951, omufuzi omu nga ayogera kubiseera byo mumaaso bya UVRI, yagamba nti, “akawuka ka Mengo Myeloencephalitis kazuulibwa mu kaweefube wo kunonyereza ku kawuka akalala ak’omusujja gw’enkaka era mu kaseera ako kaalowozebwa okubeera akawuka akatono. Naye okunonyelaza ku kawuka kano gye kugenze kweyongera mu UVRI ng’ekolagaana ne America, kiraze nti akawuuka kano kandiba nga kabunye kumpi ensi yona yadde nga obubi bwako tebunaba kumanyibwa bulungi. Kati nga bwekiri ku Mengo encephalitis virus, bwekityo bwekyali ku Zika virus bwe yalowozebwa nga akawuuka akatono nga tekanaba kubuna nsi. Mu kiwandiiko kino ekikwata ku UVRI n’abakozi baakyo kijjukizo nti ensi yona yesigamye ku bitongole nga UVRI okunonyereza ku buwuuka buno nga tebunafuuka bwattabu.
Works Cited
Kron, Joshua. “In a Remote Ugandan Lab, Encounters With Zika and Mosquitoes Decades Ago.” New York Times. April 5, 2016.
Cohen, Jon. “Zika’s long, strange trip into the limelight.” Science. February 8, 2016, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/zika-s-long-strange-trip-limelight.
Green, Andrew. “Uganda Discovered the Zika Virus. And the Solution for it.” Foreign Policy February 10, 2016. https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/02/10/uganda-discovered-the-zika-virus-and-the-solution-for-it/
Julia Ross Cummiskey is an assistant professor of history at the University of Tennessee-Chattanooga and a postdoctoral fellow at the Johns Hopkins University Institute for the History of Medicine. She is writing a book about the history of virus research in Uganda.
Louis Mukwaya is an entomologist at the Uganda Virus Research Institute, where he has worked since 1965.
Julia Cummiskey akola’nga assistant professor owebyafayo ku University of Tennessee-Chattanooga era’nga postdoctoral fellow mu John Hopkins University Institute for the History of Medicine. Mukisera kino, awandiika ekitabo ekikwaata ku kunonyereza ku virus mu Uganda.
Louis Mukwaya akola’nga entomologist ku Uganda Virus Resaerch Institute, gyakoledde okuva mu 1965.
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Ebibiina by’abawuliriza ba Cbs Funs Club byonna mu Ssaza Mawogola, bikungaanye mu ngeri eyenjawulo okwongera okwekubamu tooki, n’okutema empenda ez’okwongera okukulakulana.
Ebibiina bino biri kkumi okuli Kyabi A Cbs fans clib, Kyabi B cbs fans Club, Kyabi C Cbs fans club, Misenyi cbs fans club, Kasongi cbs fans club, Lutunku cbs fans club, Sserinnya cbs fans club, Nakasagazi cbs fans club, Nambiriizi cbs fans club ne Ssembabule cbs fans club.
Bannabibiina bino baatandiseewo Sacco ebigatta eyitibwa Ssembabule district CBS Pewosa Sacco.
Bannabibiina bino bakungaanidde ku B14 Leisure park e Ssembabule, okwezza obuggya, okwagazisa abalala okubegattako, okutema empenda ezibatwala mu maaso, n’okubalambika ku nzirukanya ya Sacco.
Bebazizza Ssaabasajja Kabaka olw’okulengerera awala n’abatandikirawo CBS Radio mwebayise nga bagiwuliriza, nebegatta mu bibiina, nebatandika okweterekera ku nsimbi, bewola n’okwekulaakulanya.
Omukwanaganya w’ebibiina bya Cbs Fans Club muggwanga lyonna era nga yakulira ebitongole by’amawulire ku Cbs fm, Omuk. Godfrey Male Busuulwa y’abadde omusomesa omukulu.
Abakubirizza okwewala engambo nti yekanaaluzaala mukutta ebibiina by’obwegassi, abakuutidde okukuuma obutonde bwensi n’okwenyigira mukukola bulungibwansi.
Omuk. Godfrey Male Busuulwa era abasabye okweggyamu omutima ogutaagaliza, nabawa amagezi nti bewagire mu mirimu egyenjawulo gyebakola, okulima emmere ebamala okulyako n’okutunda awamu nookuweerera abaana.
Omukungu wa District avunanyizibwa ku bwegassi, obutale, obusuubuzi n’amakolero, Ddungu Simon Peter atenderezza aba Cbs Fans Club bano olw’okutambulira ku misinde mu buli kyebakola.
Yebazizza CBS olw’enteekateeka eno ey’okutambulira awamu n’abawuliriza baayo, ate nga teriimu kusosolo mu mawanga wadde eddiini nasaba abantu okwongera okujjettanira.
Bagagga Moses ne Sserwanga Moses abakulira abawuliriza ba Cbs ne Board ya Sembabule District Cbs Pewosa Sacco, bagambye nti okusajjakula kwebatuseeko nebatandikawo Sacco kibawonyezza abantu abengalo empanvu, ababadde babba ensimbi zabwe mu bu bokisi mwebabadde batereka mu byalo.
Abasomesa abalala okubadde Ssalongo Lutaaya Issa Isma ne Muganga Emmanuel basomeseza bannassnabule bano ku bigendererwa by’okutereka awamu n’okwegattira mu bibiina.
Babawadde amagezi ag’okwongera okukola ennyo okwerwanako okuva mu bwavu, okukyusa embeera yabwe awamu n’ensimbi z’ebowoola okuzissa mu bintu ebikola amagoba.
Ebibiina by’abawuliriza ba Cbs byonna ekkumi ebiri e Ssembabule buli kimu kirina polojekiti gyekyatandikawo, mulimu ebirima emmwanyi n’okuzisuubula, birina ensuku, birina ebijanjaalo ne kasooli, birina ebikozesebwa ku mikolo nga tent n’obutebe, birunda ente awamj n’enkoko ennansi n’ebirala.
Sacco gyebyatandiseewo eya Ssembabule district CBS Pewosa Sacco eriko bannabibiina abalina obusobozi bewadde emirimu, emirala egiwadde baana babwe, saako n’abatuuze abalala mu ssaza Mawogola okutwalira awamu.


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Omusuubuzi Abid Alarm akwatiddwa nasoyebwa kajogijogi w’ebibuuzo abasirikale ba Poliisi abakola n’ekitongole ekirwanyisa obuli bw’enguzi n’obukennuzi okuva mu maka g’omukulembeze w’eggwanga.
Abid okukwatibwa kivudde ku Bantu okuvaayo nebekubira enduulu eri akakiiko nti batulugunyizibwa wamu n’okukubwa ng’entabwe eva ku ttaka erisangibwa mu Disitulikiti y’e Mityana n’e Kassanda.
Omulundi ogusembyeyo lwerulumba olwakoleddwa ku ffaamu ya Maj. Arthur Mugenyi ku wiikendi nebonoona ebintu n’ebirime, okukuba Abakozi wamu n’okusobya ku mukazi wa maneja wa ffaamu ekirindi.
Ono aguddwako emisango 27 omuli; okusibya abatuuze mu bukyaamu, wamu n’okutulugunya Abantu nga entabwe eva ku ttaka eriweza square miles 5 ku byalo okuli; Bukoba, Kika, Kakungube ne Bukompe ebisangibwa mu Gombolola y’e Nalutuntu, mu Disitulikiti y’e Kassanda
Omuyindi agobye abatuuze ku byalo 6
Omusuubuzi Abid Alarm akwatiddwa nasoyebwa kajogijogi w’ebibuuzo abasirikale ba Poliisi abakola n’ekitongole ekirwanyisa obuli bw’enguzi n’obukennuzi okuva mu maka g’omukulembeze w’eggwanga.


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Amawulire
Obusaanyi bulumbye disitulikiti 38 mu Uganda
Ivan Ssenabulya
April 12th, 2022
Bya Benjamin Jumbe ne Prossy Kisakye,
Minisitule eyebyobulamu nóbulunzi nóbuvubi ekakasiza okubalukawo kwobusaanyi obwekika kya African army worm, mu disitulikiti 38 mu ggwanga lino.
Bino byogeddwa minisita omubeezi ow’eby’obulimi Fred Bwino, nga agamba nti obusaanyi buno bwavudde mu mawanga agatuliranye olwebugumu erisuse.
Obusaanyi buno bwabulabe eri emmere kuba kulya emmere yémpeke nómuddo wabula abalimi nábalunzi basabiddwa okusigala nga bakakamu kuba gavt ensonga eno egiriko.
Minisita Bwino anyonyodde nti gavt eguze eddagala erifuyiira obusaanyi buno 3000 litres era lyaweerezedwa dda mu bifo ebyalumbiddwa.
Disitulikiti ezikosedwa kuliko Wakiso, Mukono, Luwero, Kasese, Masindi, Nakaseke, Tororo Kiruhura néndala.
Ate Ababaka ba palamenti batadde ssabaminisita kunninga anyonyole gavt kyeri mu kukolawo okulwanyisa obusaanyi obwabalumbye.
Bino byanjiziddwa omubaka wa Mawogola North Shartis Musherure abuulidde palamenti nti yakategeera disitulikiti 14 ezalumbiddwa.
Ate omubaka wa Tororo South Fredrick Angura, ategezeza nti yadde nga disitulikiti mwava teri emu kwezo ezaalumbiddwa, balambyeko ku busanyi buno nasaba gavt okusitukiramu okutaasa abatuuze oba si ekyo yetegeka okubagulira emmere.


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Pulezidenti Yoweri Kaguta Museveni: “Ngabagoberera bulungi amagezi n’okuwabulwa kwa National Resistance Movement – NRM eri obukulembeze bw’eggye lya UPDF, ndi musanyufu okubategeeza nti bingi bituukiddwako wakati wa NEC n’amakampuni agobwannanyini.
E Nakasongola olunaku lw’eggulo natongozza ekifo ekikola amasanyalaze okuva mu maanyi g’enjuba agaweza Kirowaati 500, ekkolero lya ‘surgical masks’ ne Sanitizer, ekifo ekikola oxygen ne nitrogen wamu n’ekkolero ly’emotoka eza bullet proof. Nalambudde n’emotoka empya eza Kayoola ezakoleddwa Kiira Motors.
Kati nkikakasizza nti Bannassaayansi baffe bakola omulimu ogw’ettendo mukukola ebintu ebiri ku mulembe ebisobola okutusobozesa okuyimirirawo ku lwaffe si mu byamaggye byokka wabula ne mubintu ebirala.”
Share.


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Amawulire
Eyaliisa omwana omusaayi bazeemu okumukwata
Ivan Ssenabulya
August 8th, 2019
Bya Ivan Ssenabulya
Poliisi ezeemu n’ekwata omukazi gwebaali byimbudde agambibwa okuliisa omwana wa mujja we, omusaayi ngali mu nsonga zekikyala.
Omwogeezi wa poliisi mu Kampala n’emirirano Patrick
Onyango akakasinza nga bwebazeemu nebakwata Annet
Namata omutuuze we Kitega Mukono Central division.
Omukwate musubuzi wa Nsenene nga kigambibwa nti yakira
omwana wa bba Agnes Naava owemyaka 13 namuliisa omusaayi nga nekigendererw kye tekyategerekeka.
Ono okuddamu okumukwata kyadiridde okubula okumala ebbanga, bwataddamu kweyanjula eri poliisi songa okunonyereza kugenda mu maaso.


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Bya Boniface Kizza
Nga bannayuganda betegekera okulonda obukiiko bwabakyala muggwanga ly’onna wamu n’akiiko ka LC 1 akekyalo okunabaawo mukasambula w’omwaka ogujja, ebyalo bingi birabika nga sibyakwetaba mukulonda kuno olw’obutamannyibwa eri akakiiko kebyokulonda.
Omwegezi wakakiiko k’ebyokulonda muggwanga Paul Bukenya gamba nti bakizudde nga ebyalo ebisinga byajjawo mungeri yalukwesukwesu nga era tebagoberera mitendera mituufu okugunjaawo ebyalo bino, kale nti era sibyakukirizibwa kwetaba mukulonda.
Ono ayongeddeko nti ebyalo ebyatondebwawo mu April womwaka gwa 2021 ebisinga obungi biriko akabuzibwa akamaanyi kungeri gy’ebyajjawo.
Wabula tukitegeddeko nti newankubadde ebyalo bino tebimannyiddwa, bulijjo bibadde byetaba buterevu mukulonda okubaawo muggwanga ng’era birina n’obukulembeze obutambuza emirimo. Nabuli kati tekinakakasibwa oba bigendagenda mu maaso n’okusigala nga bikola oba by’akugibwawo.


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Bya Boniface Kizza
Abatuuze abawangalira kukyalo Kamusenene mu disitulikiti y’e Lwengo b’ebaguddemu ekikangabwa oluvvannyuma lw’omugagga ategerekeseeko erya Henry Sseremba okukakkana kumukozi we namukuba emiggo nga kwotadde n’ensamba ggere n’amutta nga amulanga kubba kataasa kamwanyi.
Atiddwa ye Stuart Kakooza 24, nga ono abadde mukozi munnimiro z’omugagga, abatuuze betusobodde okwogerako nabo batutegeezezza ng’omukozi bweyatodde kumwanyi z’omugagga z’abadde anoga natundako akataasa ekiwalirizza omugagga ono okumukakkanako n’amukuba mizibu ejjimuviriddeko okufa.
Wabula abatuuze bavvumiridde ekikolwa kino eky’okutta nga bagamba nti yandimututte mu bobuyinza bbo n’ebamuwa ekibonerezo ekisanidde wabula n’atatwala bulamu bwamuntu.
Kansala w’okukitundu kino eranga yakikirira abavvubuka Sharif Musoke asinzidde wano nasa ebitongole byonna ebikwasisa amateeka okuvaayo bikangavuule Sseremba n’abalala abateesetese okola kino bayige.
Ye amyuka sentebe we Lwengo Vicent Birimuye asabye abantu okusigala nga bakkakkamu bwewabanga waliwo ekigguddewo n’okufuga obusungu osanga kinamalawo ebikolwa by’okutwalira amateeka mungalo ngakino ekikoleddwa olwarero.
Omwogezi wa polisi mubitundu by’e Masaka Afande Muhammad Nsubuga avvumiridde ekikolwa eky’akoleddwa omutuuze ono eky’okutwalira amateeka mungalo, wabula n’akakasa banna Lwengo nga Sseremba bwagenda okwatibwa essawa yonna atwalibwe mumbuga z’amateeka abitebye.


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Amawulire
Omuwendo gw’abafudde gulinnye okutuuka ku bantu 18
Ivan Ssenabulya
August 19th, 2019
Bya Ivan Ssenabulya
Omuwendo gw’abantu abafiridde mu kimmotoka kyamafuta ekyabwatuse mu district ye Rubirizi, gulinnye okutuuka ku bantu 18.
Enjega eno yabaddewo olunnaku lwe ggulo mu kabuga ke Kyambura.
Akuliddemu ebikwekweto bino Lt Col James Kasule atubuliidde nti baliko emirambo emiralala 9 gyebajjeeyo.
Mungeri yeemu ekikwekweto bya poliisi namagye okujjayo emirambo bakiyimirizza, ate ekimotoka bwekizeemu n’ekibwatuka, era kati kiteta.
Kino agambye nti kyandiba nga kivudde ku maguta agandiba nga gaabadde gawagamidde.
Ekimotoka kino kyabadde kitwala mafuta okuva e Mbarara, wabula kyalemeredde omugoba waakyo, nekitomeregana ne taxi 2 nakamotoka akalala aka buyonjo, oluvanyuma nekikwata omuliro.


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Amawulire
DPP agobye omusango gwómubuvuka agambibwa okugibwamu ensigo
Ivan Ssenabulya
November 22nd, 2022
Bya Juliet Nalwooga,
Ofiisi ya Ssabawaabi wa gavumenti eragidde ekitongole ekikessi ekya Criminal Intelligence okuggala fayiro y’omusango omuvubuka Mahmood Kabanda mwe yali ayagalira abakozi b’eddwaliro lya Old Kampala bavunaanibwe kubigambibwa nti bamugyamu ensigoye awatali lukusalwe.
Mu bbaluwa ya ssabawaabi wa gavt gyeyawandikidde akulira CID, agamba tewali bujulizi bumala kuleetera bakozi ba ddwaaliro lino kuvunaanibwa songa okunonyereza era kwalaga nti Kabanda yazaalibwa n’ensigo emu.
Mu September, Kabanda ng’ayita mu munnamateeka we Erias Lukwago, yalumiriza eddwaaliro lya old Kampala, okumugyamu ensigoye bweyali agenze okujanjabibwa obuvune bweyafuna nga agudde ku kabenje.
Agamba nti bweyadda engulu nga bamaze okumulongoosa ku mutwe yalina ate ekiwundu ku lubuto okuliraana awalina okuba ensigo era bweyaddukira mu malwaliro amalala okumwekebejja bamutegeeza nti ensigoye emu yagibwamu.
Kyokka okunonyereza kwa basawo kwo kulaga nti ono yazaalibwa nensigo emu.


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Bya Boniface Kizza
Omubaka omukyala owa district ye Kalangala Muna NUP Hellen Nakimuli, avudeeyo nalagyanira gavumenti ngayita mu minisitule y’ebiggwa bitalaze okuvaayo eddukirire abantu bo mu district ye Kalangala obokukizinga Jaana abakoseddwa omuyagga sabiti ewedde, oggwalese nga abatuuze abasoba mu 100 tebalina webebaka ngamayumba Gali ku taaka.
Omubaka Nakimuli okuvaayo okulajanira gavumenti abade akyaddeko ku kizinga kino ekimu kwebyo 84 ebiri mu nyanja Nalubale ekitwalibwa district eye Kalangala okuwa abatuze baano obuyambi obusokerwako oluvanyuma lwokukubwa omuyaga ogwabademu enkuba eyamanyi nolusoke.
Mubyabetikidde mubademu amabati, amatundubali, emisumaali, essente enkalu ne mmere entonotono okugira nga balyako olwenjega jebatuseeko .
Ssabiiti ewedde, abatuuze bokukizinga Jaana banji basigala tebalina webegeka mba oluvanyuma lwakibuyaga eyayita omwali nenkuuba era nga okuva kwolwo abantu tebakyalina webasula nebikozesebwa tebakyalina kubanga byayononebwa nnyo.
Wano wasinzidde nasaba gavumenti eveeyo eyambe ekwatizeeko abantu baano basobole okufuna webasula nokufuna ekyokulya olwokuba nga abantu bangi ebintu byabwe byayononebwa omwali ne mmere eyakawunga nebijanjalo.
mungeri yemu asabye Abantu be Kalangala okunyikiza enkola eyokukuuma Obutonde bwensi nga tebatema miti okujako okujisimba kisobozese okukwata kumanyi gembuyaga singa eba ezze.
Bo abatuuze abayononebwa ebyabwe abafunye ku bintu ebireteddwa omubaka Nakimuli, babade basanyufu nga abooki ba gonja.


text:
Bya Elisa Nicholas Ssekitende
Essomero lya Maleku C/U Primary School erisangibwa e Kibinge mu district y’e Bukomansibi liremereddwa okukyiikirira district eno e Mbale mu Mpaka z’omutendera gw’eggwanga lyonna, lwa Bbula lya Nsimbi!!
Essomero lino lyawangula ebikopo okuva ku Mutendera ogusooka ogwa Zone, Parish, Subscounty ne District, mu Mpaka z’abaana ez’amasomero ga Primary ez’emisinde, era nga libadde lirina okukyuukirira District ya Bukomansimbi mu Mpaka eziyindira e Mbale mu Kiseera kino. Bano bawanguula n’ekikopo ekigatta empaka zonna ekya Overall Kids Athletics Cup, eky’abaana abali wansi w’emyaka 14.
Oukulu w’essomero lya Maleku era nga ye Ssentebe wabakulu b’amasomero mu Ggombolola y’e Kibinge Kisolo Wilson, asinzidde ku Ggombolola Kibinge mukwanjulira Ssentebe Deo Bwanika ebikopo byebawangudde, nawanjagira abakulembeze okukwasizaako abaana abalina ebitone n’amasomero kuby’emizannyo.
Omubaka wa Bukomansimbi South era Munnabyamizannyo Godfrey Kayemba Solo abadde asuubirwa ku Mukolo guno, naye Talabiseeko. Ye Ssentebe Bwanika nga Musomesa Mutendeke, asuubizza okutandika okuwagira ebitone by’abaana b’ekitundu, n’okugezaako okunoonya obuvujjirizi eri amasomero okutumbula eby’emizannyo.


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Mwanzi gwayandikagwa na Mastaki Kalumuna Félix embere aderhwe Mastaki Kalumuna HWAMA Félix. Mukulu wage Pierre Matabaro Chubaka ajire omu mulala gw’Abafransiskani arhakaciyîma omu b’Ishe. Yekolaga mulumuna wa Mastaki obwo.
François Bazega HWAMA, mwene Namuhiri ye HWAMA wa karhanu. Aburhagwa hano Namayange omu mwaka gwa 1926. Ishe ye Namuhiri na nnina ye M’Mudende gwa Kafindi. Ishe Namuhiri gwa Mayongolo Zagabe za Mutabesha gwa Mpuranyi ye HWAMA murhanzi mwene BUHOLA bwa MAJAMBI.
François Bazega erhi ashamuka; ayanka mukâge M’Mushabisa omu mwaka gwa 1954. Nnâmahanga abashobôza emburho z’omu nda, baburha mburha nda, hatwa irhanu. Alaga enkulikanyè:
Omurhanzi ye Pierre MATABARO CHUBAKA (mulume); owa kabirhi ye Félix MASTAKI KALUMUNA (mulume); owa kasharhu ye Joséphine NAMAMVU BAZEGA (munyere); owa kani ye Joseph MUGOBE BAZEGA (mulume); owa karhanu ye Paul MAKALI BAZEGA (mulume). Emburha 7 babusire, hali barhabana 4 na banyere 3 ci hatwa munyere muguma yene. Owalondaga Pierre n’owalondaga Mugobe barhatwaga.
Bazega François arhôndêraga emirimo y’okuyûbaka (maçon) erhi aciri mushukira kuli era nyumpa y’e gîte aha Luciga nk’omu 1943. Erhi aciri muhyamulume, akozire ogwo mukolo e Nyampandà, e Mumosho, ciru n’e Kamanyula. Haligi n’amango arhanziribula omukolo, arhang’ikahula ciru n’amango g’okuluka ebishiro. Buzinda ashubirira ogw’okuyûbaka, ashubiburhwa na Toma erhi bakola na Chriso KAJEMBA. Ayûbaka nyumpa nyinji e Kaziba, e Ngweshe, ciru na nka zinga e Buhaya/Bukafu.; enyiganyo: dispensaire aha Cihumba, masomo IKUNGU, NYABANGERE, aka-Nyamuzinda aha CIHONGA n’IKUNGU. Ecishagala NAMAYANGE aciyûbaka buzira kuhûna luhembo ci nka ntûlo ya kuvuga Nnâmahanga omunkwa.
Omu 1964, François Bazega yonoyono, aja oku matabâro e Businga, erhi Abagweshe baj’ilwisa Mulere. Omu 1987 abatizibwa anakomezibwa. Akola omukolo gw’entumwa erhi anali mushosi. akaja ayigiriza ababo bashosi. Nka banga baja omu Ekleziya nabo babatizibwa. Lwiganyo: Kabera (ye wanamubusire oku bubatizo); Buhendwa Kavuha na Baduda w’e Bukavu. Arhakahebire ciru n’ecinyobwa ekanwa arhanasaliri, akalyo n’ecinini byo hahè, erhi okurhôndêra omukolo. Omu 1992 aleka okunywa irhabi erhi masala garhuma. Omu 2002 alwala, aberwa yona ndwala afusize myaka 17 erhi alimwo omusiho gwa munganga gwakag’irhandûlwa erhi kuhingûlwa na munganga ngasi mugobe erhi migobe ibirhi. Munganga aba mwinja akasinga, ye warhabire mpu larha ashubilama eyi myaka 17. Njo omu nsiku 2 guno gw’ikumi 2019, larha amafuluka. Agashane! Njo eryo oku lusiku lukulu lwa bamalahika balanzi. Malahika mulanzi wage amuheke omu cifuba cage kuja omu bwami bwa Larha Nnâmahanga.
Arhakaganjirwa abinjikulu bohe, bulya arhali bagala na bâli ba Mastaki, ba Nnamamvu, ba Mugobe erhi ba Makali bone binjikulu, ci abana n’abinjikulu ba ngasi MUKEMBA bali binjikulu na binjikulûza bage. ab’emwa KABERA, ab’emwa KAVUHA, ab’emwa BIHEMBE, ab’emwa CINYENYE, ab’emwa LUGUMIRE, ab’emwa NTARHUME. Ngasi wayalusize omunyere muli aba BAKEMBA, nyamunyere ajir’iburha binjikulu erhi binjikulûza ba HWAMA. Ntabaganja, « kuganja kutuka », caba ntakabahalûla.
Omu kalamo n’obworhere bwa Bazega HWAMA, rhubwinemwo enyigirizo nkana z’okushimbwa lyo rhulama omu burhwali; – okusîma n’okushibirira amasomo oku bana bage; – okucihangana omu mirimo yage yoshi, ci bwenene akuyig’isoma (ayishigi okusoma n’okuyandika ci arhajaga ciru omu isomo lya burhanwi erhi omu alphabétisation bulya cigera ebukulu arhaliciyisha); – okuyaka n’okuhanza embaka omu kalamo na ngasi hoshi zakalonzize okushoshoka; – okushangira n’abandi buzira kabôlo; – okukasalira ngasi mango gakujira hirebe na hirebe; – okuhanûla n’okuyerekeza abantu omu bworhere bw’okuyaka obwolo n’obuhemusi (lugenda kuhusha); – okuyaka n’okuhanûla abandi okuyaka ngasi bulyalya.
Larha François BAZEGA HWAMA, kugerera ebyo byoshi rhudesire ahala nyanya, orhakayibagirwa omu mirhima yirhu. Lulema akuyankirire omu bwami bwage. Ogashane, obêre mulagizi wirhu emwa Larha Nnâmahanga ensiku n’amango.
Bisiribirwe n’ecunkumwe ca MASTAKI KALUMUNA Félix


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Genius Omuzira (Brian Beats)
Singa tetwali bayimbi Twandibaddeki aaah aah nedda ?
Ye singa tetwali kyetwali twandibaddeki Aaah aah nedda
Nze mundeke njogere byendaba
Munanvumako kajanja
Bwendimal'okubyogera
Munkoleko kyemwagala
Aaah aah Juliana yandibadde teller mu bank
B2C nebabeera ba city biker
Omutujju nga muddusi wa misinde gya mpaka
Mesach nga y'omu ku bambowa ba Kabaka
Owa catering nga Catherine Kusaasira
Nakimera gwe osaana bwakumodola
Kenzo (o)labika nga ba footballer
Irene Ntale asaana bwa lecturer
Topic bwayingira saloon ogamba mwakola
Mary Bata sing'ebizigo y'atabula
Weasel ye muntu anyuma ovvuga trailer
Aziz Azion ate ye engineer
Atamanyi Ragga Dee yandimuyita omusurveyor
Chris Evans asaana bwa pastor
David Lutalo singa kati doctor
Mun-G annyumira avimbisa ba raster
Rema yandibadde TV presenter
Amawulire ku radio nga Nwagi yagatafuta
Singa tetwali bayimbi Twandibaddeki aaah aah nedda ?
Ye singa tetwali kyetwali twandibaddeki Aaah aah nedda
Nze mundeke njogere byendaba
Munanvumako kajanja
Bwendimal'okubyogera
Munkoleko kyemwagala
Kubizinga ssibula kasita mba ne Barbi Jay
Roden Y alabikamu nga ba DJ
Daxx Kartel bwaleekaana ogamba VJ
Neekanga ku mufuusa nga mmanyi Bafana
Victor Kamenyo mulabamu obwa designer
Ykee Benda alabika asobola art
Navio olabika nga ba tourist
Saha singa speaker mu parliament
Lutaaya ate gwe genda ku bwa mayor
Walukagga nkulabamu ekyama kya lawyer
Cinema zaalinyumye nga Pallaso y'azizannya
Muky'ensonga z'amaka Jamal Wasswa gwennonya
A Pass yandibaamu obwa producer
Hilderman alabika nga professor
Diana Nalubega muba nurse gyemmussa
N'omutimbi w'abagole Betinah Namukasa
Singa tetwali bayimbi Twandibaddeki aaah aah nedda?
Ye singa tetwali kyetwali twandibaddeki Aaah aah nedda
Nze mundeke njogere byendaba
Munanvumako kajanja
Bwendimal'okubyogera
Munkoleko kyemwagala
Uganda erinyuma nga President Bobi Wine
Omu kuba rich gang nga Chameleon
Maureen Nantume nga manager muzi company
Stecia Mayanja anyuma oyitibwa Auntie saloon
Bwontuma aba shaolin temple Don MC kwensookera
Senga w'ensonga Stabua gwentuukirira
Boutique bwebaawo Namubiru gwengitonera
Mu wrestling w'abakazi Anitah gyanyumira
Sheebah mbega omukugu akiyinamu n'eddaala
Mayinja n'abogezi b'okumikolo toyawula
Kiweewa yandinyumye nnyo nga ddiikuula
Nanonya kyempa Hajji Harunah Mubiru kyabula
Principal twandibadde na Spice Diana
Chef nga Pastor Bugembe gwetulina
Hassan Ndugga ba cowboy bamufaanana
N'olwekyo embalaasi baalivuzenga bonna
Bebe Cool ekiwago kye kyaba bouncer
Buli lwendaba Mukaabya nsigala mbuusabuusa!!
Ndabira ddala omusawo omuganda oli kakensa
Oba tampulidde??
Genius Omuzira
Paroles2Chansons dispose d’un accord de licence de paroles de chansons avec la Société des Editeurs et Auteurs de Musique (SEAM)


text:
Abawala abasamba ogw’ensimbi (Bamalaaya) balwanidde omusajja mu bitundu by’omu Kataba, Kabalagala e Makindye, ekivuddeko okwerangira ebisongovu.
Abawala nga bonna bali mu myaka 24 – 27, buli omu abadde alumiriza munne, okutwala omusajja.
Kigambibwa ku ssaawa nga 5 ez’ekiro ekikeeseza lwaleero, omusajja ali mu myaka 30, agenze mu Kataba okufuna malaaya, ng’abadde ali mu muudu y’akaboozi.
Abamu ku batuuze bagamba nti omusajja abadde afunye malaaya ategerekeseeko erya Prossy ku ssente shs 10,000 okumala essaawa 2 mu loogi wabula omusajja abadde akyalinda Prossy okugenda, kwe kulaba malaaya omulala Annet ate ne bakaanya ku ssente shs 7,000, okumala essaawa zezimu.
Prossy agenze okudda okugenda n’omusajja, nga Annet akutte omusajja ku mukono, ekivuddeko embeera okusajjuka.
Ng’omukyala omulala yenna anoonya eky’okulya, Prossy atabukidde Annet okutwala kasitoma era embeera evuddeko okulwana n’okuyombagana.
Wakati mu kulwana nga Prossy ne Annet bonna bakutte omusajja ku mukono, abatuuze n’abadigize beyongedde okuva mu bbaala, okulaba ekigenda mu maaso n’abakyala abalala, abalenga omukwano okuvaayo ku midaala gyabwe.
Prossy ayongedde okuva mu mbeera era amangu ddala akunamidde Annet, nti wadde ali mu kwetunda, akyali muwala muto ku Annet.
Wadde Prossy ayogedde ebigambo bingi, Annet omusajja avuddewo naye okugenda mu loogi ku shs 7,000 zokka wakati mu batuuze okusakaanya.
Abamu ku bakyala abalala abalenga omukwano, balabudde Annet ne Prossy, okukomya okulwana kuba kyongera okulemesa abasajja okuggya mu kitundu kyabwe.
Mu Kataba, Bamalaaya batunda omukwano okuva ku shs 3,000 wabula kigambibwa ekyo, kivuddeko endwadde z’ekikaba okweyongera.
Ebirala ebifa mu ggwanga – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swbD5hycS4Q


text:
Ekidd.: Ayi Mukama Katonda waffe, twegasse ne Nnyaffe Maria
Tukuweereza ebitone byo bino, n’omwoyo ogumenyese.
N’ekisa wulira essaala za Yezu.
1. Nga tujjukira okubonaabona kwa Yezu Kristu Omwana oyo,
N’okuzuukira n’okulinnya kwe, mu ggulu afuga byonna.
2. Nga tujjukira olunaku luli, lwe yali mu Senakulo
Yagamba “Kino Mubiri gwange, kino Musaayi gwange”
3. Era tuddamu okuweereza, Ekitambiro kya Yezu,
Kye yatambira olwaffe nno abantu, alyoke atulokole.
4. Ffenna twegatta ne tuba kimu, ne Yezu Kristu atwesiimya
Olwo twambuka n’essanyu ezzibu, wa Kitaffe oyo ffenna.
5. Mujje twebaze byonna by’atuwa, lwe tujja gy’ali n’atwewa
Obutamala gy’ali mu ggulu, tulimutenda ffenna.
DOWNLOAD LINK:


text:
Omukulembeze w’eggwanga Yoweri Kaguta Museven agambye nti siwakukkiriza bayeekera ba ADF okutabangula eggwanga era nalabula nti abanerema okwewaayo mu mirembe, abeby’okwerinda olunabakwata sibakubattira ku liiso.
Awadde eky’okulabirako ekya sheik Abas Muhammed Kirevu eyattiddwa ab’ekwerinda nti baludde nga bamulinnya kagere okutuusa lweyakwatiddwa mu kiro ekyakeesezza ku lwokuna lwa wiiki eno nagezaako okudduka nakubwa amasasi agaamuttiddewo.
President Museven bweyabadde ayogerako eri eggwanga mu kiro ekikeesezza leero, agambye nti aba ADF bebaatega bbomu ezasse abantu musanvu n’okulumya abalala abasoba mu 30 mu Kampala ssabbiiti eno,nga ne Sheik Kirevu y’omu ku babadde bavujjirira nokutendeka abantu abazitega nga berimbise mu ddiini.
‘Bwekiba ng’okwetulisizaako bbomu kitwala omuntu mu ggulu, lwaki ababatendeka sibasooka okwetulisa’. President Museven bweyewunnyiiza.
Yagambye waliwo abantu bangi naddala abavubuka abatendekeddwa abayeekera ba ADF era nga bakyabalinnya akagere, nga nabamu bekukumye mu nsi endala nga Kenya, Tanzania, DRC, Mozambique ne Zambia.
Yakaatirizza nti ADF yafuuka bizineesi yakufunirako nsimbi ng’abagirimu bayikuula zzaabu n’okutunda embawo zebakukusa okuva mu bibira by’obuvanjuba bwa DRC.
President Museven yannyonyodde nti sheik Kirevu y’omu mu baali mu lukwe lw’okutta minister w’ebyemirimu n’enguudo Gen.Katumba Wamala, mu bulumbaganyi omwafiira muwala we Brenda Nantongo ne dereeva we mu bitundu bye Kisota Kisaasi.
Yanyonyodde nti abayeekera ba ADF baali bagenderera kulemesa nteekateeka ya Uganda gyerina ey’okukola enguudo mu DRC ezigenderera okutumbula obusuubuzi bw’ensi zino zombi.
Nti abayeekera bano be bamu abaali bategese okutega bbomu mu bakungubazi mu lumbe lweyali omumyuka w’omuduumizi wa Poliisi Lokech.
Ensonga bbiri president Museven zeyasimbyeko essira omuli okulwanyisa obulwadde bwa covid 19 n’okutumbula eby’okwerinda mu ggwanga naddala okulwanyisa abayeekera ba ADF.
Yagambye nti wadde nga yali ataddewo omuwendo gw’abantu obukadde 4,800,000 okuba nga bagemeddwa asobole okuggya eggwanga ku muggalo ogukyaliwo, yakyusizza yagambye nti kati buli muntu asussa emyaka 18 ateekeddwa okugemebwa, nti kubanga eddagala erigema weriri mu bungi.
Wabula n’asuubizza nti mu mwezi gwa January siwakukyusa amasomero galina oluggulwa.


text:
2 Bassekabaka
Essuula 4
Awo omukazi omu ow'oku bakazi b'abaana ba bannabbi n'ayogerera waggulu eri Erisa ng'ayogera nti Omuddu wo baze yafa: era omanyi ng’omuddu wo yatyanga Mukama: era ow'ebbanja azze okwetwalira abaana bange bombi okuba abaddu.
2 Erisa n'amugamba nti Naakukolera ki? mbuulira: olina ki mu nnyumba? N'ayogera nti Omuzaana wo talina kintu mu nnyumba wabula akasumbi ak'amafuta.
3 Awo n'ayogera nti Genda weeyazike ebintu ebweru mu banno bonna, ebintu ebyereere; weeyazike bingiko.
4 Awo n'oyingira weggalire ggwe ne batabani bo, ottululire mu bintu ebyo byonna; otereke ebijjudde.
5 Awo n'ava w'ali ne yeggalira ye ne batabani be; ne bamuleetera ebintu n'attulula.
6 Awo olwatuuka ebintu bwe byajjula n'agamba mutabani we nti Ndeetera nate ekintu. N'amugamba nti Tewakyali nate kintu. Amafuta ne gakoma.
7 Awo n’ajja n'abuulira omusajja wa Katonda. N'ayogera nti Genda otunde amafuta osasule ebbanja lyo, ebinaafikkawo bikuliisenga ggwe ne batabani bo.
8 Awo olunaku lwali lumu Erisa n'ayita n'agenda e Sunemu eyali omukazi omukulu; n'amuwaliriza okulya ku mmere. Awo olwatuukanga buli lwe yayitangawo n'akyamiranga omwo okulya ku mmere.
9 N'agamba bba nti Laba nno, ntegedde ng'ono musajja mutukuvu wa Katonda atuyitako buli kaseera.
10 Nkwegayiridde tukookere ku kisenge; tumuteekere eyo ekitanda n'emmeeza n'entebe n'eky'ettabaaza: awo olunaatuukanga bw'anajjanga gye tuli anaakyamiranga omwo.
11 Awo olunaku lwali lumu n'ajjayo n'akyamira mu nju n'agalamira omwo.
12 N'agamba Gekazi omuddu we nti Yita Omusunammu ono. Awo bwe yamuyita n'ayimirira mu maaso ge.
13 N'amugamba nti Mugambe nno nti Laba, watujjanjaba okujjanjaba okwenkana awo; kiki ekinaaba kikukolerwa? oyagala okwogererwa eri kabaka oba eri omukulu w'eggye? N'addamu nti Ntuula mu bantu bange nze.
14 N'ayogera nti Kale kiki ekinaaba kimukolerwa? Gekazi n'addamu nti Mazima talina mwana wa bulenzi ne bba mukadde.
15 N'ayogera nti Muyite. Awo bwe yamuyita n'ayimirira ku mulyango.
16 N'ayogera nti Mu kiseera kino ebiro bwe biridda, oliwambaatira omwana ow'obulenzi. N'ayogera nti Nedda, mukama wange, ggwe omusajja wa Katonda, tolimba muzaana wo.
17 Omukazi n'aba olubuto n'azaalira omwana ow'obulenzi mu kiseera ekyo ebiro bwe byadda nga Erisa bwe yamugamba.
18 Awo omwana bwe yakula olunaku lwali lumu n'afuluma n'agenda eri kitaawe eri abakunguzi.
19 N'agamba kitaawe nti Omutwe gwange, omutwe gwange. N'agamba omuddu we nti Musitule omutwale eri nnyina.
20 Awo bwe yamutwala n'amutuusa eri nnyina, n'atuula ku maviivi ge okutuusa ettuntu n'alyoka afa.
21 N'alinnya n'amugalamiza ku kitanda ky'omusajja wa Katonda, n'amuggalira oluggi n'afuluma.
22 N'ayita bba n'ayogera nti Nkwegayiridde, mpeereza omu ku baddu n'emu ku ndogoyi ŋŋende mbiro eri omusajja wa Katonda nkomewo.
23 N'ayogera nti Kiki ekikwagaza okugenda gy'ali leero? si lunaku lwa mwezi ogwakaboneka so si ssabbiiti. N'ayogera nti Mirembe.
24 Awo n'atandiika endogoyi n'agamba omuddu we nti Goba otambule; totta ku bigere wabula nga nkugambye.
25 Awo n'agenda n'atuuka eri omusajja wa Katonda ku lusozi Kalumeeri. Awo olwatuuka omusajja wa Katonda bwe yamulengera ng'akyali wala, n'agamba Gekazi omuddu we nti Laba, Omusunammu wuuyo:
26 nkwegayiridde, dduka nno mbiro omusisinkane omugambe nti Oli bulungi? balo ali bulungi? omwana ali bulungi? N'addamu nti Bulungi.
27 Awo bwe yatuuka eri omusajja wa Katonda ku lusozi, n'amukwata ku bigere. Gekazi n'asembera okumusindika; naye omusajja wa Katonda n'ayogera nti Muleke: kubanga emmeeme ye enyiikadde munda mu ye; era Mukama akinkisizza so tambuulidde.
28 Awo n'ayogera nti Nayagala omwana ow'obulenzi eri mukama wange? saayogera nti Tonnimba?
29 Awo n'agamba Gekazi nti Weesibe ekimyu oddire omuggo gwange mu mukono gwo ogende: bw'onoosanga omuntu yenna tomulamusa; era omuntu yenna bw'anaakulamusa, tomuddamu: oteeke omuggo gwange ku maaso g'omwana.
30 Nnyina w'omwana n'ayogera nti Nga Mukama bw'ali omulamu n'emmeeme yo nga bw'eri ennamu, sijja kukuleka. N'agolokoka n'amugoberera.
31 Awo Gekazi n'ayitamu n'abakulembera n'ateeka omuggo ku maaso g'omwana; naye ne wataba ddoboozi newakubadde okuwulira. Kyeyava akomawo okumusisinkana, n'amubuulira nti Omwana tazuukuse.
32 Awo Erisa bwe yayingira mu nnyumba, laba, omwana ng'afudde era ng'agalamidde ku kitanda kye.
33 Awo n'ayingira ne yeggalira iaye bombi n'asaba Mukama.
34 N'alinnya n'agalamira ku mwana n'ateeka akamwa ke ku kamwa ke n’amaaso ge ku maaso ge n'emikono gye ku mikono gye: ne yeegololera ku ye; omubiri gw'omwana ne gubuguma.
35 Awo n'akomawo n’atambula mu nnyumba omulundi ogumu eruuyi n'omulundi ogumu eruuyi; n'alinnya ne yeegololera ku ye: omwana n'ayasimula emirundi musanvu, omwana n'azibula amaaso.
36 N'ayita Gekazi n'ayogera nti Muyite Omusunammu oyo. Awo n'amuyita. Awo ng'ayingidde gy'ali n'ayogera nti Situla omwana wo.
37 Awo n'ayingira n'avuunama ku bigere bye n'akutama wansi; n'asitula omwana we n'afuluma.
38 Awo Erisa n'ajja nate e Girugaali: ne waba enjala mu nsi; abaana ba bannabbi ne batuula mu maaso ge: n'agamba omuddu we nti Teekako entamu ennene, ofumbire abaana ba bannabbi enva.
39 Awo omu n'afuluma n'agenda ku ttale okunoga amaboga, n'asanga omuzabbibu ogw'omu nsiko, n'anogako amaboga ag'omu nsiko n'ajjuza olugoye lwe, n'ajja n'agatyemulatyemulira mu ntamu erimu enva: kubanga tebaagamanya.
40 Awo ne bajjulira abantu okulya. Awo olwatuuka bwe baali nga balya ku nva, ne boogerera waggulu nga bagamba nti Ai omusajja wa Katonda, mu ntamu mulimu okufa. So tebaayinza kugiryako.
41 Naye n'ayogera nti Kale muleete obutta. N'abusuula mu ntamu; n'ayogera nti Mujjulire abantu balye. Ne wataba kabi mu ntamu.
42 Awo omusajja n'ajja ng'ava e Baalusalisa, n'aleetera omusajja wa Katonda emmere ey'okubibereberye, emigaati egya sayiri amakumi abiri n'ebirimba eby'eŋŋaano ebibisi mu nsawo ye. N'ayogera nti Bawe abantu balye.
43 Awo omuddu we n'ayogera nti Owa! nteeke kino mu maaso g'abasajja ekikumi? Naye n'ayogera nti Bawe abantu balye; kubanga bw'atyo bw'ayogera Mukama nti Banaalya ne balemwa.
44 Awo n'agiteeka mu maaso gaabwe, ne balya ne balemwa ng'ekigambo kya Mukama bwe kyali.


text:
Ekibiina ekiddukanya omuzannyo gwémmotoka zémpaka mu Uganda ekya FMU kitandika nga 01 April, 2022 okuwandiika abavuzi bémmotoka abagenda okuvuganya mu mpaka za Pearl of Africa Rally Championships ezómwaka guno.
Empaka zino zigenda kubeera mu bitundu bye Jinja okuva nga 6 okutuuka nga 8 omwezi ogwókutaano, era nga ziri ku calender ya Uganda eya National Rally Championshi ate ne calendar ya Africa eya Africa Rally Championship.
Abavuzi okuva munsi endala okuli Zambia, Kenya, Burundi ne Rwanda basuubirwa okwewandisa okuzeetabamu.
Empaka zino zigenda kubeera za mulundi gwakusatu ku calendar ya National Rally Championship era nga empaka za Mbarara Rally Championships ne Jinja Rally zezasoose okutegekebwa zonna neziwangulwa Ponsiano Lwakataka Mafu Mafu.
Munna Kenya, Manvir Baryan yeyawangula empaka z’omulundi ogwasembayo mu 2019.
Eza 2020 ne 2021 tezaaliwo olwómuggalo ogwaleetebwa ekirwadde ki Covid 19.