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Amafoto yavuye mu iperereza ku bwicanyi bwakorewe ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994 i Bisesero
Uru ruhererekane rw'amafoto aherekejwe n’amagambo yanditseho igitekerezo cyerekana neza uruhare rw’abasirikare b’abazungu bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bukomeye bwakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda: irya Bisesero, itsinda rya nyuma ry ’abaturage bicwaga n’abajenosideri. Ifasha kumva amayeri yo ku ya 12 Gicurasi 1994 kimwe n’itegurwa ry’ubwo bwicanyi bukeye bwaho ku ya 13 Gicurasi. Abacitse ku icumu b'Abatutsi bavumbuwe hanyuma batereranwa mu maboko y’abicanyi babo iminsi itatu kuva ku ya 27 Kamena 1994 n'abasirikare b'Abafaransa bo
muri Operation Turquoise nibo bari barokotse ubundi bwicanyi nkabwo bwahitanye abantu barenga 40.000. Gutererana abo batutsi ku ya 27 Kamena birashoboka ko byatewe impungenge z'uko bari kuzavamo abatangabuhamya
URAKOZE KUBONA URUPAPURO KURI ITANGAZAMAKURU UKORESHEJE INKINGI ZIKURIKIRA.
Guhitamo amafoto yabajijwe buri muntu ku giti cye n’abacitse ku icumu
Guhitamo amafoto yabajijwe buri muntu kugiti cye nabacitse ku icumu byakozwe mu gice cya mbere cyi’perereza (isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri zo kubaza umutangabuhamya). Ni ku nshuro ya kabiri gusa, kandi nyuma yo guhishurwa kwakozwe haba muri bimwe muri ibyo biganiro ndetse no mu biganiro byabajijwe ku giti cyabo cy'abahoze ari abajenosideri, bizabera bimwe mu kwiyubaka kuri mu rubuga , ruzahuzwa n’abandi batangabuhamya, abarokotse ndetse na’bahoze ari abajenosideri.
Esther Uwayisenga ku nkombe z'ikiyaga cya Kivu gitandukanya u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, ku ya 21 Mata 2009:
- Esther Uwayisenga (Ku ya 21 Mata 2009, Kibuye, ku nkombe z'ikiyaga cya Kivu)
- "Hari ku ya 12 Gicurasi. (…) Nari mpagaze ku musozi. Sinashoboraga kubona byose. Ariko ku giti cyanjye, nabonye abasirikare bane bava mu modoka. (…) bari aba bazungu nabonye, ??n'Umunyarwanda bambaye imyenda ya gisivili.
- Esther Uwayisenga (Ku ya 21 Mata 2009, Kibuye, ku nkombe z'ikiyaga cya Kivu)
- "Bukeye bwaho ni bwo natemwe. (…) Gicurasi 13 (…) Iyi ni itariki ntashobora kwibagirwa, bishe umuryango wanjye wose, kandi kuri uyu munsi niho natemeshejwe umuhoro. "
- Esther Uwayisenga (21 avril 2009, Kibuye, au bord du lac Kivu)
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Antoine Sebirondo mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye, ku ya 21 Mata 2009:
- Antoine Sebirondo (Ku ya 21 Mata 2009, mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye)
- "Ku ya 12 Gicurasi, ubwo nari ku musozi wa Nyakigugu, mbona imodoka zirimo abazungu bahanyura. (...) Bari mu modoka za gisirikare zifite amatara. Nabonye abasirikare bambaye imyenda imwe. Nabonaga ari abazungu. "
- Antoine Sebirondo (Ku ya 21 Mata 2009, mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye)
- "Imodoka zahagaze mu birindiro by'ingabo z’ Interahamwe, ahantu hamwe bari basanzwe bateranira. (...) Bagose imodoka. Bari intagondwa z’Interahamwe."
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Adrien Harolimana mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye, ku ya 22 Mata 2009:
- Adrien Harolimana (Ku ya 22 Mata 2009, mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye)
- "Nababonye [12 Gicurasi] nyuma yo kugera mu muhanda. Abo nabonye abari iburyo. Bari abazungu."
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- Adrien Harolimana (Ku ya 22 Mata 2009, mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye)
- "Mu modoka ya nyuma nabonye , nabonye ku ntebe y'inyuma mbona hari abazungu babiri hagati yabo hari umwirabura."
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- Adrien Harolimana (Ku ya 22 Mata 2009, mu cyumba cyo mu rugo Saint-Jean de Kibuye)
- "Nabonye imodoka ebyiri inyuma. Abandi bari bamaze kubona kare izo modoka za gisirikare. (...) Numvise abantu bavuga ko ari abazungu bashobora kuba baje kudukiza. "
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Sylvère Nyakayiro mu bucuruzi bwe i Mubuga, ku ya 30 Mata 2009:
- Sylvère Nyakayiro (30 Mata 2009, Mubuga, mu bucuruzi bwe)
- "Uwo munsi [13 Gicurasi], hari abantu benshi cyane. Abantu bose bari bivanze. Ku ruhande rumwe, twahuye n'umuzungu, duhura n'umusirikare wo mu Rwanda, duhura n'interahamwe yari yitwaje intwaro."
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- Sylvère Nyakayiro (Ku ya 30 Mata 2009, Mubuga, mu bucuruzi bwe)
- "Abazungu, barasaga ku misozi. Barasa, barasa. Imbunda zari zifite imbaraga ku buryo twahise tugwa hasi twaraho, ndetse n'ibiti bigwa. Twebwe twarirutse ariko birumvikana abagore n’abana ko abagore bahise bagwa hasi. "
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Guhitamo amafoto yabajijwe kugiti cye nabahoze ari abajenosideri
Guhitamo amafoto y’abajijwe kugiti cyabo n’abahoze ari abajenosideri byakozwe mugice cya mbere cyiperereza. Ni mu cyiciro cya kabiri gusa, kandi nyuma yo guhishurwa kwakozwe haba muri bimwe muri ibyo biganiro ndetse no mu biganiro byabajijwe abacitse ku icumu, ni bwo hazabaho guhuza amakuru bigatanga ishusho tubifatanije n’iby’abandi batangabuhamya, baba abarokotse ndetse n’abahoze ari abajenosideri.
Ikiganiro cyo ku ya 28 Mata 2009 na Fidèle Simugomwa wahoze ayobora umutwe w'ingabo z’ Interahamwe i Ruhengeri (mu majyaruguru y'u Rwanda). Ikiganiro kimara amasaha arenga atatu, kibera mucyumba kinini cyibiro byahoze ari perefegitura ya Kibuye.
- Fidele Simugomwa, ukuriye imitwe yitwara gisirikare y’abajenoside (salle igizwe n'ibiro byinshi by'ibiro by'intara ya Kibuye, ku ya 28 Mata 2009)
- "Kugira ngo dutandukanye Abahutu n'Abatutsi, twagiye [ku ya 13 Gicurasi] twagiye dukenyeye amakoma y’ibitoki. Kubera ko hariya haba urutoki rwinshi."
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- Fidele Simugomwa, ukuriye umutwe witwara gisirikare w’abajenosideri (salle igizwe n'ibiro byinshi by'ibiro by'intara ya Kibuye, ku ya 28 Mata 2009)
- "Abasirikare b'Abafaransa barasaga ahantu abatutsi bari buzuye."
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- Fidèle Simugomwa, ukuriye imitwe yitwara gisirikare ya jenoside (salle igizwe n'ibiro byinshi by'ibiro by'intara ya Kibuye, ku ya 28 Mata 2009)
- "Iyo umuriro w’amasasu wabaga uhagaze uhagaze, twarirukaga kugira ngo turangize abantu bose babaga batashizemo umwuka bakinyeganyega"
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- Fidèle Simugomwa, ukuriye imitwe yitwara gisirikare ya jenoside (salle igizwe n'ibiro byinshi by'ibiro by'intara ya Kibuye, ku ya 28 Mata 2009)
- "Yego yego, barabarasaga! Barabarasaga. Uretse n'icyo gihe, mu Bisesero nta Inkotanyi zari zarahageze [ingabo zari iz’umutwe wa FPR zitwaje intwaro]. Nta nkotanyi yari yakageze mu Bisesero muri Kanama. Muri Kanama, ahagana mu 19-20. Nibwo nabonye bwa mbere Inkotanyi muri komini yacu ya Gishyita ku mubuga "
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Ikiganiro na François Nyamwigema, ku ya 30 Mata 2009.
- François Nyamwigema (30 Mata 2009)
- "Ku ya 12 Gicurasi, twajyanye n'Abafaransa mu Bisesero. Bajyagayo mu modoka, mu gihe twe twajyagayo n'amaguru."
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- François Nyamwigema (30 Mata 2009)
- "Imwe mu modoka yari iy'abazungu, indi yari iya burugumesitiri."
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- François Nyamwigema (30 Mata 2009)
- "Twagiye gushakisha abantu bari bakiriho mu Bisesero. (…) Kugira ngo tumenye umubare wabo. (…) Twaragenze tureba imisozi twababonagaho. Ntitwashoboye kubabara bose . Ariko twagerageje kugereranya umubare wabo. "
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Ikiganiro na Jean Ngarambe i Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009.
- Jean Ngarambe (Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009)
- "Sinari nzi ko hirya no hino hari abasirikare b'Abafaransa. Nari nzi gusa ko hari abajandarume bo mu Rwanda. Ariko ngezeyo [ku ya 12 Gicurasi i Mubuga], mbona Abafaransa twabwiwe ko bari baje kubatiza imbaraga. "
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- Jean Ngarambe (Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009)
- "Tugezeyo [ku ya 13 Gicurasi], abagabye igitero batangiye kuzenguruka mu misozi maze basubiza abatutsi inyuma mu birindiro by'abasirikare b'u Rwanda n'Abafaransa kugeza igihe babegereye. Nicyo gihe batangiye kubarasa. "
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- Jean Ngarambe (Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009)
- "Abasirikare b'Abafaransa n'u Rwanda bararashe, nyuma inkomere zicwa n'interahamwe zazaga kubasonga."
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Ikiganiro na Fidèle Simugomwa i Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009.
- Fidèle Simugomwa, ukuriye imitwe yitwara gisirikare (Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009)
- "Kugeza ubu, byarambabaje cyane. Niyo mpamvu ntashobora guhisha ibyabaye. "
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- Fidèle Simugomwa, warukuriye imitwe yitwara gisirikare( interahamwe) (Mubuga, 30 Mata 2009)
- "No muri iki gihe biracyambabaza kuko muri aba Batutsi harimo inshuti zanjye magara."
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Guhitamo amafoto yo kwiyubaka mumurima
Guhitamo amafoto yo kubaka mu byerekanwe mbere byasobanuwe mu kubazwa kwa buri muntu. Amakuru amwe yatanzwe n’abantu ku giti cya buri muntu, ayandi yatangiwe hamwe.
Gerageza kwiyumvisha amazina y'uturere n'imisozi twavuze hepfo ukoresheje ikarita ikikije Bisesero: Ikarita Bisesero
11 GICURASI 1994: KUBA KW’ ABASIRIKARE B'ABAFARANSA I GISHYITA
Amakuru yo ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n'uwahoze ari umusirikare wo mu ngabo zatsinzwe aho abasirikare b'Abafaransa bari batuye kuva ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1994 (aho: Gishyita, CCDFP):
- Semi Bazimaziki (Gishyita, ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Bashinze amahema. Sinzi niba barinjiraga mu mazu, kuko ntayinjiyemo. Ariko hariya hari amahema yabo."
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12 GICURASI 1994: GUTEGURA MASSACRE YABANYARWANDA TUTSI DE BISESERO
Amakuru yo ku ya 30 Mata 2009 hamwe n'uwarokotse mu gitondo cyo ku ya 12 Gicurasi 1994 (aho: umusozi wa Gitwa, i Bisesero):
- Adrien Harolimana (Gitwa, 30 Mata 2009)
- "Nari naje hano. Nazamutse, mbona abo [basirikare b'abazungu] ngeze hano."
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Amakuru yo ku ya 30 Mata 2009 hamwe n’uwarokotse mu gitondo cyo ku ya 12 Gicurasi 1994 (aho: Umusozi wa Nyakigugu, i Bisesero):
- Antoine Sebirondo (Nyakigugu, 30 Mata 2009)
- "Ku ya 12 Gicurasi 1994, twari twihishe mu mwobo, kuri uyu musozi hariya. Twari benshi. Iyi ni imyobo tyari yaracukuwe igihe bashakishaga gasegereti mu bihe byashize. Aha niho nabonye imodoka z’abazungu zinyura hano. (…) Ntibahagaze. Barakomeje. (…) Bakomeje bahagarara i Ruhuha”
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994. Siméon Karamaga yazanywe na Antoine Sebirondo, witabiriye ikiganiro. Ntabwo aribwo bwongeye gushyirwaho, ahubwo ni ubuhamya bwafashwe ku ya 14 Gashyantare 2010 ku Mumubuga. Simeon Karamaga yari, mu gihe cya jenoside, umuyobozi wungirije w’abafashaga nyamukuru abaturage b’abatutsi mu Bisesero, ibyabereye ku musozi wa Muyira:
- Simeon Karamaga (14 Gashyantare 2010, Mumubuga)
- "Igihe [abasirikare b'abazungu] bagiye i Ruhuha, hari muri Gicurasi."
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- Simeon Karamaga (14 Gashyantare 2010, Mumubuga)
- "Uwo munsi, bajya i Ruhuha, bakora inama yamaze igihe kirekire. (…) Inama karundura yabereye i Ruhuha, kandi yarimo n'abaduhigaga, abicanyi bacu. (…) Harimo [abicanyi (interahamwe)] benshi. Byari bimeze nk'iryo shyamba ry’inturusu. "
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Amakuru yo ku ya 14 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n'abahoze ari abajenosideri bgiye bagamije kubeshya abasivili b'Abatutsi byabaye ku ya 12 Gicurasi 1994 i Mumubuga (ahantu: Mumubuga, mu Bisesero):
- Semi Bazimaziki (Mumubuga, 14 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Abazungu bageze hano hamwe na Sikubwabo [bourgmestre wa Gishyita], bakimara kuhagera, Sikubwabo ni we waberetse imisozi ihakikije. Abereka imisozi Abatutsi bari bihisheho. ..) Nabo [interahamwe], bahageze. Bari inyuma. Kandi hari abasirikare bo mu Rwanda, ntarinzi, birukanye interahamwe, birukana abo abarwanyi b’interahamwe. "
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- Raphaël Mageza (Mumubuga, 14 février 2010)
- “Aha nta kintu bari kuvuga, nta n’icyo bari kutubwira, kuko twashakaga kwereka abatutsi bari basigaye bihishe ko ntacyo bakwiye gutinya kugirra ngo n’abari basigaye bihishe nabo bihishure batwiyereke.”
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- François Nyamwigema (Mumubuga, 14 février 2010)
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“Igihe twazaga kuguma hano, batutsi bari bagihari bari aho. Dore bari hariya. Nuko abo bazungu barababwira bati:«Noneho,mushobora gusubira kwihisha aho mwari muri. Twashakaga kumenya ko mugihari. Mugendemusubireyo ejo, tuzaza tubazaniye infashanyo zo kubaramira,tuzaza tunabarinde. »"
GUGAGURUKA KW’ABAJENOSIDERI BEREKEZA MU BISESERO.
Amakuru yo ku ya 14 Gashyantare 2010 hamw n’inama rukokoma mu gitondo cyo ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994 ku Mubuga. Nyuma y’iyo nama, ikivunge cyose cyagiye mu Bisesero n’amaguru (ahantu: Mubuga):
- Hesron Bazimaziki (Mubuga, ku wa 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "[Sikubwabo] yatubwiye [ mu gitondo ku ya 13 Gicurasi] ko intego yari iyo gutsemba, kumaraho burundu abatutsi bo mu Bisesero, hanyuma hakazatuzwa abandi bantu, batubwiye ko nyuma yo kuhabatsemba hazatuzwa abandi bantu.
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Amakuru yo ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n’interahamwe kuva bahagurutse ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994 mu mamodoka akurikiranye y’interahamwe zari ziturutse Gishyita zerekeza mu Bisesero( ahantu: Gishyita, imbere ya bara yo kwa Mikaeli Muhimana, niko Mika avuga):
- Semi Bazimaziki (Gishyita, ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Nabo bari bicaye hano. Bwa mbere nababonye hano ni ku ya 13."
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13 GICURASI 1994: IYICWA RY’ABATURAGE BA TUTSI BISESERO
Amakuru yo ku ya 15 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n’abahoze ari abajenosideri b’ubwicanyi bw’abasivili b’abatutsi bateraniye ku misozi ya Mataba (nanone bita "umusozi wa Sakufe"), Akagari ka Muyira (ahantu: Umusozi w’Uwingabo urebana n’ iyi misozi itatu):
- Jean Ngarambe (Uwingabo, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Abavuye i Gisovu na Gikongoro bagiye kuri uyu musozi aho abatutsi bari bihishe , maze babasubiza kuri uyu musozi muto wa (Kagari). Icyo gihe abo basirikare b’abazungu, bari kumwe natwe kimwe n’abasirikari b'u Rwanda, barabakusanya babegeranyiriza ahantu hamwe, maze bashyira ibisasu bya roketi ku mbunda zabo, babijugunya muri iki cyerekezo. (Raphaël Mageza yahise akora ikimenyetso cyerekana uko bashyira roketi). "
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- Raphaël Mageza (Uwingabo, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Jye nabonye abandi. Urugero, nababonye ku gasozi ka Nyiramakware. Kubera ko kuva aha, igihe aba batutsi bicwaga, bamwe baraduhunze batangira kwiruka, urugero nko kumanuka tugana hariya hakurya, kubera ko hari amashyamba. Twarabirukankanye rero. Mu kubiruknkana, twageze kuri Nyiramakware. Naho, habaye ibindi bitero, kandi muri ibyo bitero, naho harimo abandi bazungu. "
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- Jean Ngarambe (Uwingabo, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Igihe abatutsi birukaga bashaka kwikiza - byumvikane - twabirutseho,abo bazugu na bo babirukaho ntibari guhagarara. Ntibyari kugarukira aho kuko intego yabo yari iyo kwica. Kandi rero ntibari bahari kugira ngo barinde imirambo."
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- Raphaël Mageza (Uwingabo, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Njye, mu mutima wanjye, mu by’ukuri, ntabwoba narimfite na gato. Kuko abo bantu twateraga, nasanze nta ntwaro zikomeye bari bafite zo kuturwanya."
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Amakuru yo ku ya 15 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n’abarokotse ubwicanyi bw’abasivili b’abatutsi bbari bateraniye ku misozi ya Mataba (nanone bita "umusozi wa Sakufe"), Akagari ka Muyira (ahantu: Umusozi w’Uwingabo urebana n’ iyi misozi itatu):
- Emmanuel Karebana (Uwingabo, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Iyo boherezaga roketi zabo, wabonaga ibiti bigwa, amashami y'ibiti yavunitse, akagwa, ku buryo kuri uyu munsi rero Abazungu baza nibwo napfushije abana benshi."
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- Emmanuel Karebana (Uwingabo, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Iyo boherezaga roketi zabo, wabonaga ibiti bigwa, amashami y'ibiti yavunitse, akagwa, ku buryo kuri uyu munsi rero Abazungu baza nibwo napfushije abana benshi."
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Ubuhamya bwa mbere bw’abahoze ari abajenosideri bwakusanyijwe ku ya 15 Gashyantare 2010 bwerekeye iyicwa ry’abasivili b'Abatutsi bari bateraniye ku musozi wa Gititi (ahantu: Mumubuga):
- Elie Ngezenubwo (Mubuga, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Abazungu bararasaga, natwe tugakoresha imihoro n'ubuhiri kugira ngo turangize abatarapfuye ako kanya."
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- Fidèle Uzabaraho (Mubuga, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Tugezeyo, abo bazungu batweretse aho duhagarara. Badushyize mu myanya . Badushyira mu myanya n'intwaro zacu, n'ibikoresho byacu. Abazungu bayoboraga iki gikorwa bafatanije n'ingabo z'u Rwanda. "
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Amakuru yo ku ya 15 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n'uwahoze ari umupolisi w’umujenosideri mu bwicanyi bwakorewe abasivili b'Abatutsi bateraniye ku musozi wa Gititi (ahantu: umusozi wa Kanyinya uhanganye n'uwa Gititi):
- Sylvestre Rwigimba (Kanyinya, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Yari intwaro ikomeye. Nubwo nari umupolisi, sinarinyizi, kandi sinari narigeze niga gukoresha intwaro nk'iyi. Umunwa wayo wari byibuze ungana n'uwiyi kamera. Ubunini bw’ibisasu byari bimeze gutya. "
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- Sylvestre Rwigimba (Kanyinya, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Hano, hari Abafaransa bamwe. Abandi bari hakurya y'imodoka. Hariho n'abasirikare b'u Rwanda. Bavanze n'Abafaransa. Nari mpagaze hano. Kandi hariya , byumvikanaga urusaku runini: "Boo!" Sylvestre noneho avuga ku ntwaro ye: "Iyange yari imbunda isubiramo idashobora kurasa kugeza hariya. Yari nto cyane kuri ibyo bimbombe bateraga. "
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- Sylvestre Rwigimba (Kanyinya, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Ni abazungu. Nibo barasaga imbaga y'abantu bari hakurya y'uyu musozi. Bahinduraga imbunda yabo mu mpande zose bakarasa."
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Amakuru yo ku ya 15 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n'abacitse ku icumu ry’ubwicanyi bwakorewe abasivili b'Abatutsi bateraniye ku musozi wa Gititi (aho uherereye: umusozi wa Kanyinya uhanganye n'uwa Gititi) :
- Casimir Ruzindana (Kanyinya, 15 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994, imodoka nyinshi zinjiye hano. Hano hari Interahamwe n'abazungu batari bake. Bageze kuri uyu musozi. Bahagarara kuri uyu muhanda. Twari ku musozi uteganye n' uyu musozi. bava muri Gititi. Batera imbunda hano, ndetse ni imbunda tutari tuzi, Interahamwe zidafite. Batwoherezaho ibisasu cyangwa amasasu manini tutari twigeze kubona. "
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Amakuru yo ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n’abarokotse ubwicanyi bwakorewe abasivili b'Abatutsi bateraniye ku musozi wa Nyiramakware (ahantu: Umusozi wa Mubuga uhanganye n'uwa Nyiramakware):
- Martin Nzayisenga (Mumubuga, ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Sikubwabo yari yambaye imyenda ya gisirikare, kimwe n'abazungu bahagaze hagati y'abasirikare."
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- Martin Nzayisenga (Mumubuga, ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Ibisasu bohereje byateje urusaku rwinshi cyane aho byaguye, ku buryo aho byaguye, niyo wabaga itapfuye wumvaga umusozi uhinda umushyitsi aho twari twicaye. Bityo intwaro z’Interahamwe, ntitwongeye kuzitinya ukundi tumaze guterwaho ibyo bisasu binini. "
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- Vincent Karangwa (Mumubuga, ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Hariya, hari umuhora , umwobo munini, aho abantu benshi bari bihishe. Barijugunye, biyahura muri uyu mwobo, muri uyu mwobo, kubera ko nta buhungiro bari bagigaranye. "
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- Faustin Ngarambe (Mumubuga, 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Bo bamanutse hepfo gato bakomeza kurasa. Rimwe na rimwe begereye imirambo kugira ngo barebe niba abantu bapfuye. Naho Interahamwe, zarangizaga abatarapfuye rwose ngo bashiremo umwuka."
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Amakuru yo ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010 hamwe n'abahoze ari abajenosideri b'ubwicanyi bwakorewe abasivili b'Abatutsi bateraniye ku musozi wa Nyiramakware. Buri wese muri aba bahoze ari abajenosideri ashyizwe kure y'abandi batangabuhamya, buri wese yahagaze aho basirikare b'abazungu bari hahagaze, ku ya 13 Gicurasi, yibasiye abatutsi bari ku musozi uteganye n'umusozi wa Nyiramakware, bahagarara uko abo bazungu bari bahagaze. (ahantu: umusozi wa Mubuga ureba urwa Nyiramakware):
- Jean Ngarambe (Mumubuga, ku ya 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Uwari hano yari ashinzwe guhagarara hejuru y'umusozi kugira ngo ababuze guhunga, berekeza mumpinga y’umusozi."
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- Hesron Bazimaziki (Mumubuga, 16 Gashyantare 2010)
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- Uziel Habimana (Mumubuga, 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Hari aba basirikare b'abazungu, kimwe n’Interahamwe zari ziturutse i Bugarama, izindi ziturutse i Gisenyi. Aba basirikare rero batangiye kurasa, nyuma uwazaga acumbagira cyangwa muzima aturutse aho yari yihishe, avuye mu gihuru, yakomeretse cyangwa ari muzima twabaga twiteguye tukamukatakata. "
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- Raphaël Mageza (Mumubuga, 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Igihe nageraga hano, nasanze umuzungu ahagaze aho. Twasabwe kujya hasi, tugatangira gushaka abantu bakomeretse baba bakiriho, hepfo, kugira ngo tubahuhure tubamaremo umwuka. (…) Interahamwe zari zaturutse zaturutse i Bugarama. Baratubwiye bati: "Mushaka inkomere muzihuhure muzice muzirangize."
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- Raphaël Mageza (Mumubuga, 16 Gashyantare 2010)
- "Abacitse ku icumu bari baguye mu muhora binjiramo bakingiwe n’intumbi z’ababo zari zaguyemo mbere. Twakuyeho iyo mirambo yatubuzaga kubakurikira muri uwo muhora, dusanga imbere, abantu bakiriho. Tubabonye, ??turabica. " Amashusho yabatangabuhamya, yiperereza, kwiyubaka."
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- Bisesero uwarokotse
- B. Mutuyemungu yabajijwe na Bruno Boudiguet muri Mata 2013
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- Ikiganiro n'umuntu ufunzwe mu Rwanda
- S. Sinzabakwira, ikiganiro na Bruno Boudiguet ku ya 30 Mata 2013
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- Bisesero uwarokotse
- M. Munyampeta yabajijwe na Bruno Boudiguet muri Mata 2013
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Ku wa kabiri w’icya XIX Gisanzwe, A, imbangikane, 11/08/2020.
UWICISHA BUGUFI, NI WE NDATWA MU NGOMA Y’IJURU
Amasomo: Ezk 2, 8-10; 3, 1-4; Zaburi 119 (118); Mt 18, 1-5. 10-14
“Ibyemezo byawe bintera guhimbarwa, imigambi yawe ni yo mfatiraho inama”. Amasomo twateguriwe kuri uyu munsi araduhamagarira gukurikiza umugenzo mwiza wo kumvira no kwicisha bugufi imbere y’ubuhangange bw’Imana.
Mu isomo rya mbere, twumvise umuhanuzi Ezekiyeli ahabwa igitabo ngo akirye nyuma yo guhamagarirwa gutega amatwi ijwi ry’Uhoraho. Ahawe ubutumwa: “Mwana w’umuntu, genda usange umuryango wa Israheli, ubashyire amagambo yanjye”. Ezekiyeli rero agomba kumvira Uhoraho muri byose.
Mu ivanjili, Yezu arakangurira abigishwa be guhindura imitekerereze bakicisha bugufi mbese bakamera nk’abana bato. Uwicisha bugufi ni we uzinjira mu ngoma y’Ijuru. Urugero rwa kabiri rwo kwicisha bugufi Yezu aduha ni urwo gushakashaka intama imwe yazimiye. Ni nde uruta abandi mu Ngoma y’ijuru? Uwicisha bugufi nk’umwana, uwo ni we usumba abandi mu Ngoma y’ijuru.
Duhora turushanwa dusiganwa n’igihe, turahihibikanira gukora cyane kugira ngo dukungahare, tuzamure icyizere cyo kubaho neza kandi turambe. Mbese turifuza gutunga tugatunganirwa, tukagira ibya Mirenge ku Ntenyo! Urusha abandi ubutunzi, amafranga n’ibyubahiro, arica agakiza maze abandi bakamuyoboka. Ibyo bituma rero abantu benshi barwanira kwicara kuri izo ntebe z’ibyubahiro. Nyamara abenshi bapfa batabigezeho, abandi bakabigeraho ariko mu kanya gato bikabaca mu myanya y’intoki! Guhihibikanira ibitwarwa n’umuyaga na byo ni ubupfayongo.
Uyu ni umwanya wo gusubiza amaso inyuma tukareba niba koko tugikurikiza inyigisho y’umwimerere ya Nyagasani Yezu yo kwicisha bugufi. Uyu mwanya ntituwupfushe ubusa! Aho iyo nyigisho ntiyaba yihishe gusa mu mpapuro za Bibliya maze umunsi tuyiguyeho tukayigisha abandi ndetse mu mvugo inoze ariko twebwe twaranze kuva ku izima?
Iyo witegereje neza uburyo abenshi turwanira imyanya y’ibyubahiro ndetse kugeza n’aho bamwe bifuza kuvutsa abandi ubuzima, usanga tugifite iki kibazo abigishwa babajije Yezu: “Mbese ubona ari inde uruta abandi mu Ngoma y’Ijuru?”. Igisubizo cya Nyagasani kirasobanutse: “Nimudahinduka ngo mumere nk’abana, ntabwo muzinjira mu Ngoma y’ijuru”; agakomeza: “uwicisha bugufi, (…) uwo ni we usumba abandi mu Ngoma y’ijuru”. Yezu aradukangurira gukurikiza umugenzo wo kwicisha bugufi kugira ngo tube ibihangange. Kuba igihangange si ugukangaranya abo usanze, ubereka ko uri igitangaza, ahubwo ni ukwicisha bugufi nk’umwana.
Nyagasani Yezu yaduhaye urugero rwo kwicisha bugufi mu magambo no mu buzima bwe. Imibereho ye ubwayo ni isomo rihamye ryo kwicisha bugufi. Yemeye kuba umwe muri twe ndetse w’insuzugurwa kugira ngo twese nta n’umwe usigaye inyuma adukize. None se twebwe turirimba ko twamukurikiye, dukurikiza urwo rugero yaduhaye?
Kwicisha bugufi by’ukuri ni ukumenya umwanya wawe. Imbere y’Imana, buri wese ameze nk’umwana muto uhora ahanze amaso umubyeyi we kuko ari we atezeho amakiriro yose. Twese turi ba Nyangufi imbere y’Imana. By’umwihariko, utorewe guhagarara imbere y’abandi amenye ko ari umugaragu w’abo bagaragu b’Imana kuko Databuja ari umwe rukumbi: ni Imana Data Ushoborabyose. Nyamara muri uko kwicisha bugufi, buri wese muri twe afite umwanya adasimburwaho mu muryango w’abana b’Imana. Kwicisha bugufi rero si ukwisuzugura, kwisuzuguza, kwipfobya cyangwa kwishyiramo ko ntacyo umaze, ko ntacyo washobora, ahubwo ni ukumenya uwo uri we, kumenya neza aho umwanya wawe uherereye mu muryango w’Imana ndetse n’uruhare rwawe mu kuwubaka. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ntawe udasimburwa mu butumwa atorerwa tukamenya ko mu byo dukora byose tugenda twuzuzanya, kuko turi ingingo z’umubiri wa Kristu nk’uko Pawulo mutagatifu abitubwira.
Nimucyo rero dusabe Nyagasani aduhe kumenya ko ubuhangange bwose bukomoka mu kwicisha bugufi, ko nta na kimwe twakwigezaho igihe tutari kumwe na We, kuko twese turi abagaragu. Twihatire kumwiyambaza igihe cyose, tumere nk’abana bato bategereje umukiro ku Mubyeyi wabo gusa, maze twese hamwe dufatanye urunana, tuzagere mu Ngoma y’ijuru aho tuzataramira Imana Umubyeyi wacu ubuziraherezo, imitaga n’imitaga. Amen.
Padri Léonidas NGARUKIYINTWARI

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Isomo rya 1: Ibyahishuwe 15,1-4
Nuko mbona mu ijuru ikindi kimenyetso gikomeye kandi gitangaje : ni abamalayika barindwi bacigatiye ibyorezo birindwi ari byo by’imperuka, kuko muri byo uburakari bw’Imana bwari bugeze ku musendero wabwo. Hanyuma mbona ikimeze nk’inyanja ibonerana kandi ivanze n’umuriro. Abatsinze cya Gikoko, ishusho yacyo n’umubare w’izina ryacyo, bari bahagaze kuri iyo nyanja ibonerana , bafite inanga z’Imana. Nuko batera indirimbo ya Musa, umugaragu w’Imana, n’iya Ntama, bavuga bati
«Nyagasani Mana, Mushoborabyose,
ibikorwa byawe birakomeye kandi biratangaje.
Inzira zawe ziratunganye kandi ni inyakuri,
wowe Mwami w’amahanga.
Ni nde utagutinya, Nyagasani,
kandi ngo asingize izina ryawe ?
Kuko ari wowe wenyine Nyirubutagatifu ;
amahanga yose azaza, maze apfukame imbere yawe,
kubera ko ubucamanza bwawe bwigaragaje.»
Zaburi ya 97 (98), 1, 2-3ab, 7-8, 9
Ivanjili ya Mutagatifu Luka 21,12-19
Ariko mbere y’ibyo byose, bazabafata, babatoteze , babace mu masengero, babarohe mu buroko; bazabajyana imbere y’abami n’abatware, babaziza izina ryanjye. Ibyo bizatuma mumbera abagabo. Muzirinde guhagarika umutima mwibaza uko muziregura, kuko ubwanjye nzabaha imvugo n’ubuhanga abanzi banyu batazashobora kurwanya cyangwa kuvuguruza. Ndetse muzatangwa n’ababyeyi, n’abo muva inda imwe, na bene wanyu, n’incuti zanyu, bazicisha benshi muri mwe, kandi muzangwa na bose muzira izina ryanjye. Nyamara mumenye ko nta gasatsi na kamwe ko ku mutwe wanyu kazagira icyo kaba. Mu bwiyumanganye bwanyu ni ho muzarokora ubuzima bwanyu!


text:
Ibaruwa Umwami w’uRwanda yandikiye ONU,asaba ubwingenge bw’Urwanda.
Hits: 22
Abanyarwanda bamaze iminsi bajya impaka zijyanye no gushaka kumenya ukuri ku kinyoma kimaze imyaka gihawe intebe aho abarepubulike bakwirakwije ko,alibo basabiye independence cyangwa ubwigenge abanyarwanda,ibi bikaba byarakozwe na repubulika ya (l) aho bavugaga ko basezereye ingoma ya gihake na gikoloni,nyamara ntabwo byar’ukuri ahobwo bagirango berekane ko har’icyo bakoreye abanyarwanda nyamara nta nakimwe bigeze bamarira uRwanda.
Dushingiye kumakuru afite gihamya,ikinyamakuru inyangenewss,gifitiye copy ya gihamya y’ibaruwa y’Umwami w’Urwanda Kigeli V Ndahindurwa yandikiye umuryango wabibumbye ONU,asaba independence,iyo barwa akaba yarayanditse kyuwa 19th December 1960, A/C.4/467 English Original:French.
Iyi baruwa yandikiye UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY fifteen session FOURTH COMMITTEE Agenda item 45,iyi nyandiko ikaba ifite umutwe ugira uti,QUESTION OF THE FUTURE OF RUANDA –URUNDI,written statement by Kigeli V.Mwami of Ruanda iyi nyandiko ikaba yarakiriwe n’umunyamabanga wa ONU yashyizeho ikimenyetso ko,ayakiriye.
Turasaba abajya impaka z’uko repubulika y’Urwanda yemewe namategeko,ko bagaragariza abanyarwanda nibura imwe munyandiko baba baranditse basaba ko Urwanda ruhinduka repubulika ntirukomeze kuyoborwa muburyo bwa cyami,mu gihe rero abarepubulike bose muri rusange baba abahutu cyangwa abatutsi birirwa baririmba ko urwanda rwasezereye ubwami niberekane uburyo byakozwemo kuko bavuga ko habaye kamarampaka ngo abaturage bagahakana ko badashaka ubwami.
Tubibutse ko,icyo gihe impindura matwara yose haba kuva mu bwami ukajya muri repubulika,cyangwa kuva muri repubulika ukajya mu bwami,byose byasabwagwa muri ONU,kandi kubisaba nyine ni munyandiko,tukaba dusaba abanyarwanda kureka gukomeza kugendera mu kinyoma,ntimubone Umwami w’Urwanda umubyeyi w’igihugu abihorera mukavuga ibyo mwishakiye ngo mutekereze ko murabahanga cyane.
Ubwose wagira itera mbere gute?ubutegetsi ufite butemewe n’amategeko?ibyo bisobanura ko,ufite inkota mu ntoki,ariwe nyiri kirindi,nshatse kuvuga yuko ko,ibyo mwakubaka byose bishingiye ku kinyoma kubera cyahawe intebe kugez’ubwo gisa naho gihindutse ukuli, bitinde bishyire cyera umuzinga uzamo umwibano!.
Niba kuba repubulika bitangirwa uburenganzira mu muryango wabibumbye,nimwerekane uwasabye ubwo bwigenge,ubwingenge ntabwo busabwa n’imbunda!,mbere yuko habaho imbunda habanza kubaho politike,bitabaye ibyo buri wese azajya afata imbunda avuge ko ashaka ubwigenge,hanyuma se kuki fdlr imaze imyaka n’imyaniko mu mashyamba ya congo,irwana mbese buriya yasabaga ubwingenge?.
Fpr se ko yafashe imbunda ikarwana ikica abaturage yarishinzwe kurinda,ifatanije na mrnd,buriya bose basabaga ubwigenge?ahubwo fpr yabahinduye ikiraro cyo kwambukiraho kugera kubutegetsi,buriya yarwaniraga ubwigenge?igihe kirageze ngo abanyarwanda bamenye ukuri baharanire ko ubwami bwabo bwagaruka kuko kuva ubwami bwavaho abanyarwanda bahuye nakaga gakomeye cyane bahora baterwa nabanyarwanda bibisambo bo mu bwoko bw’Abarepubulike.
Bateranije abanyarwanda,barangiza bati ubumwe n’ubwiyunge,mukanaya bati KWIBUKA,wababarira ute uhora wibuka uwaguhemukiye?Ese we yakumva ate ko wamubabariye kandi uhora umwibutsa amabi yagukoreye,urumva yaryama agasinzira?mwaretse kwishuka mukemera ko,murabanyantenge nke,bityo mukemera ko umubyeyi w’igihugu Father of the Nation ko ataha agahabwa icyubahiro cye yahawe n’Imana,byaba atar’ibyo ndababwiz’ukuli muzahera mu nzira kandi ntacyo muzagera kuko ikinyoma kitarara bushyitsi!.


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. Intangiriro Mugihe cyubwihindurize bwiterambere ryubwoko nuburyo bwamafaranga, ikibazo cyagaciro kacyo cyaje imbere. Birashobora gufatwa nkibigoye cyane mubitekerezo byubukungu muri rusange, cyane cyane mubitekerezo byamafaranga. Nyuma yinguzanyo zidafite agaciro kazo bwite zimaze kwigaragaza nkuburyo bwiganje, iki kibazo cyarushijeho kuba ingorabahizi.
Sisitemu ya Bretton Woods, mugihe amategeko yashyizweho nuburyo imari yisi ikora uyumunsi, yemejwe mumyaka 75 ishize. Kuki amadolari ya Amerika yabaye ifaranga ryisi? Nigute ibyabaye byateye imbere kurushaho? Nuwuhe mwaka amadolari yabaye ifaranga ryisi? Gusobanukirwa murutonde
Sisitemu yubukungu niyihe kandi igira izihe ngaruka mubuzima bwigihugu runaka? Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa sisitemu y'ubukungu ibaho ku isi, itandukaniye he, kandi ni izihe nyungu n'ibibi bafite? Iyi ngingo izabwira abantu bose ibyayo
Ubucuruzi ntibushoboka hatabayeho gusesengura inzira zabwo. Mbere yo gutangira umushinga wawe cyangwa gufungura icyerekezo gishya, ugomba kumenya neza ko kizazana inyungu. Ni ngombwa kandi igihe bifata kugirango ugere kumafaranga ahamye. Kubara kumeneka-ndetse ningingo ituma bishoboka kudakora amakosa murwego rwambere
Iyi ngingo ireba ubukungu bwisoko mubihe bigezweho. Ibiranga, amasomo, imiterere nishingiro ryimikorere birerekanwa. Ibyiza nibibi byubu buryo bwo kuyobora mubihe bigezweho birigwa
Isesengura ryisoko ni iki? Ni ukubera iki ari ngombwa gusesengura uko isoko ryifashe? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gusesengura, imirimo n'intego? Nigute wasesengura uko isoko ryishoramari rimeze? Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka kubitangwa nibisabwa?
Inzitizi yinjira ku isoko yerekana inzitizi uruganda rugomba gutsinda kugirango rwinjire mu gace runaka. Irerekana kandi isoko yo kugenzura ibiciro nimbaraga, tubikesha ikigo cyihariye gishobora kuzamura ibiciro neza nta gutakaza abakiriya bayo. Inzitizi nkizo zo kwinjira mumasoko yinganda ziterwa nibintu byinshi, ushobora kubisanga muriyi ngingo
Mu myaka amagana, Ubufaransa bwamamaye nkumuyobozi wisi mu gukora divayi. Uyu munsi, igihugu kirahatana n’ibindi bihugu bitanga divayi ku migabane ine, bihura n’ibibazo bishya. Inganda zikora divayi mu Bufaransa, zitanga divayi nshya ku isi no ku masoko y’i Burayi, nazo zirinda imigenzo y’ibinyejana byinshi yo gukora divayi
Ubuyapani, nabwo bwitwa Igihugu cy'izuba rirashe, ni igihugu gito ugereranije kirwa giherereye mu nyanja ya pasifika. Igihugu giherereye mu birwa, birangwa nubutaka bwimisozi. Ibirwa nyamukuru ni: Kyushu, Honshu, Hokkaido na Shikoku. Ubucucike bw'abaturage burahambaye, kubera ko miliyoni 126 z'abantu bibanda mu gace gato. Ubu ni icya cumi kwisi
Tanzaniya nigihugu giciriritse muburasirazuba bwumugabane wa Afrika. Ifite inyanja y'Ubuhinde. Amateka yarwo arimo ibihe byabanjirije ubukoloni nubukoloni. Abaturage ba Tanzaniya ni miliyoni 60. no gukura vuba
Iyi ngingo iraganira ku kibazo cyingenzi gikenewe muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose - inyungu yo kugurisha. Kubara gute? Nigute twokwiyongera? Ni iki kigira ingaruka ku nyungu? Ibisubizo by'ibi bibazo nibindi murashobora kubisanga muriyi ngingo
Niba buri ngingo yinyungu yageragejwe mubikorwa, noneho ibi byadindiza cyane iterambere rya siyanse bigatuma dukora neza. Kugirango wirinde ibintu nkibi, havumbuwe. Irashobora kugira ingaruka mubihe bitandukanye bya buri munsi, tekereza kububaka nibindi bice byinshi. harimo n'ubukungu
Kongera amafaranga wizigamiye, hariho ibikoresho byinshi byimari. Kimwe mubikunzwe cyane kandi bisabwa ni inkwano. Iki nigitekerezo cyagutse kuburyo bigoye kuri benshi kugiha ibisobanuro nyabyo. Niba kandi tuvuze ubwoko bwa bonds, noneho muri rusange, abantu bake bazashobora kugira icyo bavuga murubanza. Kandi bigomba gukosorwa
"London ni umurwa mukuru w'Ubwongereza" - nta gukabya, twavuga ko iyi mvugo imenyerewe hafi yabatuye isi bose. Ubwongereza nabwo bwitwa Foggy Albion, kandi mumyaka mirongo ishize - aho Harry Potter yavukiye
Tajikistan irihe? Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa GDP muri Tajikistan muri 2017? Nabantu bangahe mugihugu bakora mubukungu? GDP ni iki kuri buri muntu? Kuki ingano ya GDP idahindagurika?
"Umurwa mukuru" ni encyclopedia kubanyapolitike benshi, abahanga mu bukungu nabafilozofe. Nubwo imirimo ya Marx imaze imyaka irenga 100, ntabwo itakaza akamaro kayo kugeza na nubu. Iyi ngingo irerekana incamake ya "Umurwa mukuru" yanditswe na Karl Marx hamwe nibitekerezo byingenzi byimirimo yubuzima bwubuzima bwa philosophe numuhanga mubya politiki
Inyungu zingana iki? Kuki amafaranga atakaza imbaraga zo kugura igihe? Nigute ushobora kumenya amafaranga ukeneye kwishyura banki kugirango wishure inguzanyo mugihe? Nibikorwa bingahe byinyungu zinyungu zihari kandi nibiki?
Muri Chechnya hari amavuta? Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa peteroli muri Chechnya? Yacukuwe kugeza ryari kandi niyihe sosiyete ikora mugutezimbere no gukoresha peteroli ya hydrocarubone? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukora peteroli ya Chechen kandi Kadyrov arota iki?
Nubwo utaba umunyeshuri wubukungu, abantu bakunze guhura nigitekerezo nkikintu cyo gutanga umusaruro. Ni ibihe bintu nyamukuru biranga ibintu bitanga umusaruro? Birashoboka kwakira amafaranga muri bo kandi wabikora ute? Nigute ushobora kunoza imikorere yimikoreshereze yumurimo no kumenya umubare muto wibiciro? Ibi byose byaganiriweho mu ngingo ikurikira
Ikibazo cyubushomeri gifite akamaro mubihugu byinshi. Ubwiyongere bw'abatuye isi, bufatanije n'iterambere ry'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, biganisha ku isoko ry'umurimo. Abantu ubwabo baragenda basaba cyane kubijyanye nakazi kabo nu mushahara. Nkigisubizo, birunguka cyane ibigo kwimura umusaruro wabyo mubihugu byinjiza amafaranga make. Ibi bigufasha kuzigama umushahara. Ariko icyarimwe, ubushomeri buriyongera. Ubushinwa nimwe murugero rusobanutse rwibi
Tayilande ni kimwe mu bihugu binini byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Iherereye mu gace ka Indochina no mu majyaruguru y’igice cya Maleziya. Iki nicyo gihugu cyonyine muri kariya karere kitariho ubutegetsi bwabakoloni bwibihugu byuburayi. Ubukungu bwa Tayilande bufite impuzandengo yiterambere. Ariko, biratandukanye cyane mubice bitandukanye byigihugu
Akarere ka Nizhny Novgorod ni kamwe mu nzego z'ubuyobozi bwa Federasiyo y'Uburusiya. Nibice bigize Akarere ka Federasiyo. Ni akarere kanini cyane ukurikije akarere ugereranije nutundi turere twubutaka bwu Burayi bwigihugu. Ubuhinzi bwo mu karere ka Nizhny Novgorod buratandukanye cyane, ariko mubijyanye niterambere birasigaye inyuma yutundi turere twinshi tw’Uburusiya
Nizhny Novgorod ni umwe mu mijyi minini yo mu Burusiya rwagati. Nicyo kigo cyubutegetsi bwakarere ka Nizhny Novgorod hamwe nakarere ka federal. Uyu ni umwe mu mijyi ya kera mu gihugu. Iherereye mu masangano yinzuzi za Wolga na Oka
Maleziya ni kimwe mu bihugu byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Igice cyacyo cyiburengerazuba giherereye mu majyepfo y’igice cya Maleziya, naho igice cy’iburasirazuba kiri mu majyaruguru yizinga rya Kalimantan. Imiterere ya leta yigihugu ni monarchie federal. Mu bukungu, Maleziya yateye imbere cyane, kandi imibereho yabaturage ni nziza. Hariho igice kinini cyicyiciro cyo hagati, kandi ugereranije ni bake kandi bakize
Igihe kirekire ni igitekerezo cyubukungu kiranga igihe kirekire aho impinduka zishobora kubaho kandi hashobora gushyirwaho uburinganire bushya bwubukungu. Akenshi bikoreshwa mubisesengura ryubucuruzi
Finlande nimwe mubihugu bya Nordic. Niburasirazuba bwa leta za Scandinaviya. Iherereye mu gace ka shyamba ka taiga yo mu majyaruguru yisi. Yogejwe n'amazi yo mu nyanja ya B altique no mu kigobe cya Finlande. Nubwo imyanya y'amajyaruguru, ubuhinzi bwateye imbere hano
Yuri Anatolyevich Chikhanchin, umuyobozi ushinzwe gukurikirana imari, yavukiye mu mujyi wa Krasnoyarsk, mu muryango usanzwe, ku ya 17 Kamena 1951. Afite imyaka irindwi yinjiye mu kigo cy'amashuri abanza. Yize neza, ariko ntabwo yari umunyeshuri mwiza. Yabanye neza nabanyeshuri bigana, azi gushakisha uburyo mwarimu uwo ari we wese. Amaze kurangiza, yinjiye muri imwe muri kaminuza zizwi cyane muri uyu mujyi
Urutonde rwibiciro nicyerekana ikiguzi hagati yimipaka yo hejuru nu munsi kubicuruzwa bisa mugihe runaka. Ibicuruzwa byose byegereye igiciro cyo hasi bifite ubuziranenge, ukurikije uko isoko ryumva abakiriya. Ibicuruzwa bigera hejuru yurwego rwibiciro bifatwa nkibyiza, ariko bidafite ibicuruzwa bihagije
Novosibirsk numujyi wa gatatu munini muburusiya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ntabwo bitangaje na gato ko benshi bashaka kuyimukira. Ubuzima hano bufite imiterere yabwo bujyanye nubukungu ndetse nikirere. Imiterere mibi ya Trans-Urals isiga ikimenyetso. Mu kiganiro cyacu, tuzasuzuma ibyerekeranye n'ubuzima muri Novosibirsk, ibyiza n'ibibi. Reka dukore ku kibazo cyimiterere, imibereho nubundi buryo
Kalendari yo kwishyura nikintu nyamukuru kigena igenamigambi ryimari ryumuryango uwo ariwo wose. Mu bundi buryo, byitwa amafaranga yo gutembera. Kalendari yo kwishyura ikorwa ukurikije amategeko, ukurikije amafaranga yose ashyigikiwe ninkomoko yemewe yo kwinjiza amafaranga. Iki gikoresho kigaragaza amafaranga nyayo atemba haba mubyinjira no gukoresha
Muri Mata 1991, Repubulika ya Jeworujiya yabaye igihugu cyigenga, yavuye muri SSSR. Amateka yiki gihugu mu binyejana birenga ijana yahujwe cyane nubwami bwu Burusiya. Jeworujiya yabaye igice cyayo mu 1783. Kuva icyo gihe, ibintu byinshi, byiza nibibi, byararangiye. Igihugu kimeze gute muri iki gihe, ubuzima bumeze bute muri Jeworujiya binyuze muri Jeworujiya n'abimukira?
Ubudage nikimwe mubihugu bikomeye muburayi bwiburengerazuba no hagati, imbaraga zikomeye zubukungu. Leta ikwirakwijwe ku buso bwa metero kare 357.5. km. Umubare w'abatuye ni miliyoni 82. Umurwa mukuru w'igihugu ni umujyi wa Berlin. Mbere, yagabanijwemo ibice byuburasirazuba nuburengerazuba, ariko nyuma byahujwe kimwe. Abahatuye bavuga Ikidage. Ubukungu bwigihugu nimwe mubitera imbere kwisi, kandi ingengo yimari yubudage iringaniye
Umusaruro wumurimo upimwa nikigereranyo cyibintu bibiri byoroshye. Numubare wibicuruzwa byakozwe nigihe cyakoreshejwe mubikorwa byacyo. Inshingano zo kuzamura umusaruro uzerera umwaka nuwundi, ariko biracyari kure gukemurwa
Amafaranga angana ntabwo angana hagati yigihe. Igihe cya formula - amafaranga afite ibisobanuro byimibare. Iyi ngingo yahariwe kuzana icyerekezo rusange umubare wamafaranga yatandukanijwe mugihe
Kimwe mubikoresho byisesengura ryibanze ryisoko ryimigabane nigwiza inyungu, igufasha gusuzuma byihuse urwego rwibiciro byisoko biriho ubu. Iyi ngingo yeguriwe kubara no gushyira mu bikorwa iyi coefficient
Ibikorwa remezo byubwikorezi nibintu bigoye birimo ubwoko bwose bwubwikorezi: inyanja, gari ya moshi, umuhanda, umuyoboro ninzuzi. Niwe wemeza guhanahana ibicuruzwa na serivisi (ndetse agafasha abantu kubona ahantu hashya no guhura nabantu bashya). Ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu n’Uburusiya bifite akamaro kanini mu mikorere y’igihugu muri rusange ndetse n’uturere tumwe na tumwe, bityo, muri Mata 2013, gahunda yo kwiteza imbere kugeza muri 2020 yaravuguruwe
Gukurikirana isoko ryumurimo ninzira yingenzi. Ni ngombwa cyane kubakoresha ndetse nabakozi. Umuntu wese arashaka kumenya umushahara mpuzandengo uri ku isoko ryumurimo kugirango ugurishe imirimo yabo inyungu uko bishoboka kose niba ari umukozi, nuwuhe mushahara wo guhatanira gushiraho mugihe cyumukoresha kugirango ukurure abahanga benshi kandi abakozi bitonze bishoboka
Abantu benshi baba muburusiya ntibazi bike kubacukuzi abo ari bo nuburyo baba muburusiya. Mubisanzwe, ubumenyi bwose bujyanye nuko bakorera munsi yubutaka bagakuramo amabuye y'agaciro. Muri rusange, uko bimeze, ariko haracyari ibintu byinshi muri uyu mwuga. Kugirango wumve neza abacukuzi abo ari bo, umuntu agomba kubanza kumva ikirombe icyo aricyo
Gutezimbere imibereho … Haba byibuze umuntu umwe kwisi atazigera abishaka? Kuri bamwe, imari igufasha kugura igorofa, kubaka inzu nshya, cyangwa byibuze gusana. Kandi kuri bamwe, ibi ntibishoboka. Abenegihugu benshi b’Uburusiya babaho "hejuru" hagati yabo
Muri siyanse yubukungu, microfinance isobanurwa nkumubano wihariye wamafaranga hagati yimiryango itanga serivise nubucuruzi buciriritse murwego rwo guhuza abantu no kuba hafi yakarere. Akazi nkako karimo gukusanya amafaranga, kubitanga muri gahunda yoroshye


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1.MBESE IYO UMUKOBWA ASHYUTSWE YUMVA AMEREWE ATE
Iyo umukobwa ashyutswe amabere arakomera, imoko zikirega. Igituba kirabobera, kigatangira gutumbiramo imbere ibyo bigaherekezwa no gutereramo imbere kumeze nk'uko imboro itera iyo yashyutswe. Rugongo yari nto mbere yo gushyukwa iratumba ikaba nini kandi igakomera. Muri rusange usanga uwo mukobwa yahinduye n'indoro, usanga yahonze rwose kandi agatangira guhumeka vuba.
2.KUKI UMUKOPINE WANJYE YANYIMYE IGITUBA?
Jestoo5
Mungira inama mfite umukopine dukundana njya ngerageza kumusaba ko dukora imibonano akanga none nzabigenzente?ntegereje inama zanyu.
IGISUBIZO
simba
Jestoo 5 kuryamana ntabwo aribyo byerekana urukundo wari ukwiye kwihangana kugeza igihe muzarushinga kandi nanakwemerera ntuzibagirwe agakingirizo!
3.IYO UMUGABO ASWERA UMUGORE NI NDE WUMVA UBURYOHE BWINSHI?
koffi
ese iyo umugabo aswera umugore ninde wumva uburyohe bwinshi?
IGISUBIZO
1.KAMANZI
Uswerwa niwe uryoherwa sha nturabikora harya? waracitswe!
2.Bangambiki:
KOFFI iyo umugabo arimo guswera umugore bose bagombye kuryoherwa ndetse umugore akaryoherwa cyane, nyamara kuko abagabo benshi baswera nabi baryoherwa bonyine akenshi
Niba ushaka guhaza umugore wawe soma hano kandi niba ushaka kumenya uko batanga igituba soma hano.
INKURU BISA
1.Uburyo Butandukanye bwo Guswera
2.Dore Uko Banyaza!
3.Haza Umugore Wawe Uyu Munsi!
4.Dore Uko Batanga Igituba!
4.NI GUTE NASHIMISHA UMUGORE MUSWEYE AGARAMYE?
mufupi
nongere nti "nimumbwire niba umugore agaramye aho wagerageza gukoza igitsina cyawe muri we ngo yumve yishimye atari uko anyajwe gusa!ese imyanya iryoherwa y'umugore ni iyihe?ni gute naswera umugore agaramye akaryoherwa?
IGISUBIZO
Bangambiki:
MUFUPI umugore aryoherwa muri cm za mbere zibanza z'igituba, ahaganamo imbere cyane ntiharyoha cyane, jya umucumita ahagana mu mwinjiriro unazengurutse imboro mu mwinjiriro.
5.KUKI NASWERA MU KANWA IGITUBA KIBA CYAGIYE HE?
cuga
Ndashaka kubaza impamvu umuntu agomba guswera mu kanwa igituba cyiba cyagiye he?
IGISUBIZO
Bangambiki:
CUGA Guswera mu Kanwa ni uburyo umugore yonkamo imboro yawe.Nabyo biraryoha kubabikunda.Igituba kiba gihari ariko ni diversification y'igitsina.
INKURU BISA
Guswera mu Kanwa
6.IKIBAZO
cuga
ni gute wategura umugore wawe kuburyo ujya kumuswera yagukunze cyane kubyo ibyo uri bumusabe gukora byose abikora atabanje kubyibaza.
IGISUBIZO
CUGA kugira ngo umugore akwimariremo agomba kuba akwizeye 100% naho ubundi muracengana. Ubu ndi soma iyi nkuru yitwa Guswera ni iki?
WABWIRWA N'IKI KO UMUGABO YARANGIJE
Umusomyi w'imena ukunze no gufasha abandi basomyi ba blog Igituba, beby1 yatugejejeho ikibazo abaza uburyo umugore yamenya niba umugabo yasohoye. OK, akenshi ntibyoroha rwose kumenya niba umugabo yarangije keretse bibaye mu gihe special. Hari igihe umugabo arangiza umugore ntabimenye akamubaza ati"mbese warangije". Ibyo akenshi biba ku bagabo bazi guswera. Umugabo uzi guswera bishobora kukugora kumenya niba yarangije. Kubera iki?Umugabo uzi guswera iyo arimo guswera aba agamije gushimisha umugore cyangwa umukunzi we. Abaswera rero bagamije gusohora ntibyakugora rwose kumenya ko yasohoye. Kuko uratega akakwicundaguraho wajya kumva ukumva akwinjiyemo cyane arakugundiriye ubundi akagwa agaramye nkaho umugiriye nabi!!
Umugabo uzi guswera aswera yicungira ko atarangiza mbere y'umugore kuko biramubabaza iyo arangije adahagije umugore. Uwo ni we mugabo. Umugabo ni ugira akamaro. Bityo rero akenshi ashyushya umugore, kugeza barangirije kimwe, maze umugore kuko yishimye cyane, ntanamenye niba umugabo yasohoye. Bagabo rero nusohora umugore ntabimenye uzamenye ko uri umuproffessionel mu guswera uzaze kuri blog igituba tuguhe certificat isinyweho na Dr Bangambiki.
Turangiza twavuga kandi ko niba nta kibazo ufitanye n'umugabo nta mpamvu ufite yo gukeka ko atasohoye. Kuko birashoboka ko umugabo ushobora kumuha nabi akarakara akayikuramo mu kinyabupfura atarangije...Ijambo ribi rikura imboro mu gituba! Hari abagore utangira kuyinjizamo akakuzanira iby'inkundo zawe na ba Mariya na Clemence imyaka itanu ishize, umva ngo abagabo bakunda igituba, iyo bimeze gutyo abenshi barazinukwa. Urumve birenge ni wowe ubwirwa.
WABWIRWA N'IKI KO UMUKOBWA CYANGWA UMUGORE ARIMO GUSOHORA
DOULE: wabwirwa ni iki ko umugore cg umukobwa arimo gusohora?
Real: Doule, ikikubwira ko umukobwa cg umugore arimo gusohora nuko ubona asa nutaye ubwenge uko mujyana aho wishakiye yajya kurangiza ukumva aragufashe cyane akagukomeza ntubashe kumwikura, akiruhutsa.
KWIBA UMUGONO
par Bangambiki
Guswera umukobwa cyangwa umugore umwibye igituba asinziriye. Kwiba umugono ntibyoroshye ugomba kumenya neza ko uwo wiba umugono asinziriye neza! Uwiba umugono aba afite icyoba cyo gufatwa bityo iyo agize amahirwe imboro ye igakora ku gituba ahita arangiza. Biterwa nuko iyo yiba igituba aba akifuza cyane kandi amaranye umushyukwe igihe kinini ategereje ko uwo yiba umugono asinzira.
INKURU BISA


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Amafoto Atandukanye y'Ibituba
Video zo Guswera Zitandukanye
Video zo Kunyaza
Video zo Guswera Igituba Kinini
Video zo Guswerana z'Abagande
Video zo Guswera z'Abahinde
Video za Rugongo nini
Video z'Abakobwa Barimo Kwikinisha
Bavuga ko umugore yasamye iyo intanga ngore yahuye n’intanga ngabo, muri kimwe cya gatatu cy’ishami ry’umura uturutse ku turerantanga-ngore bita Ovaire. Ibyo bigakorwa kuko ubwonko buba bwavubuye imisemburo ituma intanga zihisha n’umura ugategurwa kugira ngo wakire umwana. Iyo butabikoze rero ntabwo umugore asama. Ariko Abanyarwanda benshi bavuga ko umuntu ashobora gusama inda nyuma y’igihe akayibura. Ari byo bita “guhirima kw’inda”.Abanyarwanda bavuga ko impamvu yo guhirima kw’inda ari uko baba babaroze abandi ngo birizana umugore wari utwite akayibura, maze inda ikagenda ikajya mu mugongo ikibera urutare. Kuba izagaruka no kutagaruka byo ntibabivugaho rumwe.
Nubwo ariko abantu bavuga ko inda zabo zihirima, Dr Muremangango Aphrodis, Umuganga ku ivuriro ryigenga ryitwa Ihumure avuga ko izo nda bavuga zihirima ziba zitabayeho ahubwo ari inda bita izo mu bitekerezo (grossesse imaginaire), kuko akeshi umugore aba ahangayikishijwe no kubona urubyaro cyane bigatuma ubwonko bubyakira nabi bukareka kuvubura ya misemburo ya oestrogene na Projesteroni bituma intanga zihisha, umura ugategurwa hakaba inda, cyangwa hagasohoka amaraso ari yo bita imihango y’abagore. Mugihe rero iyi misemburo ubwonko bwayivubuye ku kigero gito, cyangwa ntivuburwe, umubgore iyo abonye atabgiye mu mihango agira ngo yarasamye.
Dr Muremangango ati “Iyo umugore yatwaye inda yo mu bitekerezo, hari igihe agaragaza ibimenyetso byinshi by’umugore utwite kuko ubwonko ari bwo bubikora. Nko guhurwa, guciragura, yewe n’inda iraza rwose kuko na we agira ukuntu abigendera, akitwara rwose, yakubwira ko atwite wamureba ukavuga uti uyu muntu rwose aratwite. Gusa ategereza amezi icyenda, ya yandi babariraho, yabona atabyaye ati “iInda yanjye yarahirimye, yagiye mu mugongo, yabaye ibuye n’ibindi.”
Uretse guhangayika kandi ngo hari igihe umugore agira imirire mibi na byo bikagira ingaruka ku bwonko ntibuvubure ya misemburo. Umugore abona atagiye mu mihango yatangira guhinduka ku ruhu, amatama akabyimba, na we akagira ngo yarasamye kandi ari ingaruka z’imirire mibi.
Ikindi gishobora gutuma umugore yibwira ko yasamye, muganga Muremangango avuga ko hari igihe agira ibibyimba mu nda bikaba byinshi nk’amagi y’ibikeri, bigakura nk’inda nawe akaba yagira ngo yarasamye. Ibi rero ngo bikaba bibi cyane kuko bitinze bishobora gutuma arwara kanseri yo mu mura.
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cyo gutwara inda zo mu bitekerezo cyangwa zihirima, ngo biba byiza ku mugore uwo ari we wese kujya kwa muganga akipimisha igihe aketse ko yasamye, akaba yamenya niba atwite koko, cyangwa icyo atwite ari umwana koko atari bya bibyimba, akaba yavurwa hakiri kare bitaramuteza ibibazo bikomeye. Kandi iyo bitinze, kumwumvisha ko adatwite kandi we yari azi ko atwite, bigora abaganga ndetse n’umugore bikamugora kubyumva. Ikindi ni uko abantu bajya bipimisha mu gihe bagize ikibazo cyo kutabyara kuko hari igihe aba ari ikibazo gishobora gukemukira kwa muganga kuruta uko umugore yahozwa ku nkeke ngo ntabyara kandi n’umugabo ashobora kuba ari we ufite ikibazo cyo kutabyara bikitirirwa umugore wenyine.


text:
Rick Warren ni umupasiteri w’umunyamerika akaba n’umwanditsi w’ibitabo.
Uyu ni umunsi wa gatanu muri ya minsi mirongo ine twihaye yo gusoma igitabo yanditswe na Rick wallen, yitwa “Ubuzima bufite intego” uyu munsi umutwe dusoma ufite intego yitwa “Kubona ubuzima uko Imana ibubona”
Mbese ubugingo bwanyu ni iki?Yakobo 4:14
“Ntabwo tubona ibintu nkuko biri,tubibona nkuko turi”
Uburyo ubona ubuzima bwawe nicyo giha isura ubuzima bwawe. Uko ufata ubuzima nibyo bizaha icyerekezo imibereho yawe. Uko ubona ibintu nibyo bizahindura uburyo ukoresha igihe,uburyo ukoresha umutungo,uburyo ukoresha impano zawe ndetse n’agaciro uha imibanire yawe n’abandi.
Nushaka kumva neza abandi ujye ubabaza uti “ubona ute ubuzima bwawe?”Uzatangara ubonye ibisubizo bitandukanye, bingana n’umubare w’abantu wabajije. Hari abambwiye ngo babona ubuzima ari nk’ikinamayobera (maji),abandi barambwiye ngo babubona nk’inzira irimo za mine ziguturikana aho ukandagira hose, abandi babubona nk’imodoka igenda idahagarara,abandi ngo ni amayobera ,abandi ngo ni nk’indirimbo nziza,urugendo,cg imbyino .
Hari abantu bavuze ngo “ubuzima ni nk’urwego,rimwe ukaba uri hejuru ubundi ukaba uri hasi” ndetse ubundi ugasanga uzenguruka usa n’ubyina muzunga”. Abandi baravuze ngo “ubuzima ni nk’igare ryo gusiganwa rifite vitesi icumi ariko tudakoresha”,abandi ngo “ubuzima ni nk’umukino w’amakarita : ukinisha ikarita baguhaye nta kindi wahinduraho”.
Nkubajije ngo nguhe ishusho yuko ubona ubuzima,ni ikihe gishushanyo cyahita kiza mu mutwe wawe? Icyo gishushanyo nicyo kigereranyo cyawe cy’ubuzima . Uko niko ubona ubuzima ,waba ubitekereza cyangwa utabitekereza.Uko niko utekereza ubuzima buteye kandi nicyo kigaragaza icyo ubutegerejeho. Abantu kenshi berekana uko babona ubuzima mu buryo batoranya imyambaro bambara ,imikufi n’indi mirimbo bambara,imodoka bagendamo,uburyo basokoza umusatsi,ibishushanyo bamanika ndetse bamwe babigaragariza mu bishushanyo bishyira ku mubiri.
Iyo shusho y’ubuzima kenshi udatekerezaho ni yo igenga imibereho yawe kuruta uko ubitekereza. Niyo igena ibyo utekereza ku buzima, ibyo uha agaciro abo mushyikirana, intego zawe, ndetse n’ibyo ushyira imbere. Urugero: niba wumva ubuzima ari ibirori , icyo uzaha agaciro kuruta ibindi mu buzima ni ukwidagadura. Niba ubona ubuzima nko gusiganwa, uzashyira imbere kwihuta kandi inshuro nyinshi ibyo uzakora byose uzaba uri mu muvuduko. Niba ubona ubuzimank’isiganwa rya marato (kilometero 42), uzaha agaciro kwihangana . Niba ubona ubuzima nk’urugamba cyangwa kurushanwa, uzaha gaciro kanini guhora uri uwa mbere.
Ubona ute ubuzima? Ushobora kuba warubatse ubuzima bwawe ku gishushanyo kitari cyo. Kugira ngo ushobore gusohoza imigambi Imana yakuremeye, bizagusaba kwigobotora imitekerereze isanzwe uyisimbuze ibishushanyo by’ubuzima dusanga muri Bibiliya. Bibiliya iravuga ngo “Mwe kwishushanya n’imikorere y’ab’iki gihe, ahubwo mureke Imana ibahindure mu mitima kubwo guhinduka mu bitekerezo. Ni bwo muzashobora kumenya neza ibyo Imana ishaka” Abaroma 12:2
Bibiliya iduha ibishushanyo bitatau bitwereka uburyo Imana ibona ubuzima: Ubuzima ni igeregezwa, ubuzima ni indagizo, ubuzima ni igihe dufashe dufashe ku murimo. Ibi bitekerezo ni ryo shingiro ry’ubuzima bufite intego. Turareba bibiri bya mbere muri iki gice, icya gatatu turacyibandaho mu gice gikurikiye.
Ubuzima hano ku isi ni igeragezwa. Iki gishushanyo cy’ubuzima kigaragara henshi mu nkuru zo muri bibiliya . Tubona Imana igerageza imico y’abantu , igerageza kwizera kwabio, kumvira kwabo, urukundo rwabo, ubunyangamugayo n’ubudahemuka. Amagambo ibigeragezo, ibishuko, gutunganywa, gupimwa n’andi avuga nkayo agaruka inshuro zirenga 200 muri Bibiliya. Imana yagerageje Aburahamu imusaba kuyitambira umuhungu we Isaka. Imana yagerageje Yakobo igihe yagombaga gutendera Rasheli indi myaka irindwi ngo ashobore kumuhabwa nk’umugore we. Adamu na Eva batsinzwe ikizamini mu murima wa Edeni , Dawidi inshuro nyinshi yatsinzwe amageragezwa Imana yamuhaye. Ariko Bibiliya iduha n’izindi ngero nyinshi z’abantu batsinze amageragezwa akomeye nka Yosefu, Rusi, Esiteri na Daniyeli.
Imico n’imyifatire myiza bikomezwa kdi bikagaragarira mu bigeragezo ,niyo mpamvu ubuzima bwuzuyemo ibigeragezo. Buri munota w’ubuzima w’ubuzima bwawe uba urimo kugeragezwa .Imana iteka iba irimo kwitegereza uburyo witwara imbere y’abantu,uburyo witwara mu bibazo ,uburyo witwara iyo wagize amahirwe,iyo uri mu makimbirane, mu burwayi,iyo byose bitagenze uko watekerezaga ,ndetse niyo imvura cyangwa izuba byabaye byinshi ! Imana ibona n’utuntu duto nk’iyo ukinguriye abandi urugi ,iyo uteruye akantu k’umwanda katakaye aho anyura,cyangwa iyo ugaragaje ikinyabupfura ku mukozi woroheje nk’uzana inzandiko cyangwa uhereza muri za resitora. Ntabwo dushobora kumenya bitari byaba ibizamini byose Imana izaduha ariko hari bimwe dushobora guteganya dushingiye kuri bibiliya. Uzageragezwa n’ibintu bihinduka ,amasezerano adasohoza vuba nk’uko wibwiraga ,ibibazo bigaragara nk’ibidafite umuti,amasengesho wasenze agasa n’adasubizwa,abantu bakuvuga nabi kandi urengana,ndetse n’ibyago bidafite impamvu .Mu buzima bwanjye nabonyeko Imana igerageza kwizera kwanjye ikoresheje ibibazo ,ipima ibyiringiro byanjye igenzura uko nkoresha ubutunzi yampaye ,ikagerageza urukundo rwanjye iciye mu bantu.
Kimwe mu bizamini bikomeye ni uburyo witwara iyo udashobora kumva urikumwe n’Imana mu buzima bwawe .Hari ubwo Imana nk’iyihishe ,wayishaka ukumva isa n’iri kure yawe.Umwami witwa Hezekiya yanyuze muri icyo kigeragezo.Bibiliya iravuga ngo ‘’Imana yamuretse imugerageza ,kugira ngo imenye ibyari mu mutima we byose .’’Hezekiya yari yaragendanye n,Imana ariko bigeze mu gihe byose byagendaga neza,Imana iramwitarura ngo igerageze kamere ye ,kugira ngo ihishure intege nke ze bityo ashobore gutegurirwa gukora imirimo ikomeye kurutaho.2 Ingoma 32 :31
Iyo umaze kumva neza ko ubuzima ari igeragezwa,usobanukirwa ko nta kintu na kimwe kiza mu buzima bwawe kidafite impamvu.Buri kantu kose kaza mu buzima bwawe,n’akagaragara ari ubusabusa ,gafite umumaro mu guhindura kamere yawe. Buri munsi ni umunsi ukomeye,buri dakika ni uburyo Imana iba iguhaye bwo gukura mu mico,kugaragaza urukundo cyangwa kwishingikiriza ku Mana.Ibigeragezo bimwe na bimwe bigaragara birenze ibyo twakwihanganira ,ibindi hari n’ubwo tubicamo ntitubimenye .Ariko uko byaba bingana kose,bifite agaciro ku buzima bw’iteka. Inkuru nziza nufiiye nuko Imana yifuza ko utsinda ibyo bigeragezo by’ubuzima ,niyo mpamvu itajya yemera ko ibigeragezo uhura nabyo byarusha imbaraga ubuntu iguha ngo ushobore guhangana nabyo. Bibiliya iravuga ngo ‘’ Imana niyo kwizerwa,kuko itazakundira ko mugeragezwa ibiruta ibyo mwashobora kwihanganira,ahubwo hamwe n’ibibagerageza izabacira akanzu ,kugira ngo mubone uko mubasha kukihanganira.’’ 1 Cor 10 :13
Iyo utsinze ikigeragezo ,Imana irabibona igatangira gukora ingamba zo kuzakugororera mu ijuru .Yakobo yaranditse ngo ‘’Hahirwa umuntub wihanganira ibimugerageza kuko namara kwemerwa azahabwa ikamba ry’ubugingo iryo Imana yasezeranije abayikunda .’’Yakobo 1 :12
Ubuzima ku isi ni indagizo.Icyo ni ikigereranyo cya kabiri Bibiliya ikoresha ivuga ubuzima .Igihe tumara hano ku isi ,imbaraga zacu ,ubwenge,amahirwe,inshuti zacu,n’ubutunzi byose ni impano Imana yaduhaye ngo tuyibikire kandi tuyicungire.Turi ibisonga by’ibyo Imana iduha byose.Kumva neza uyu murimo w’ubusonga bitangirana no gusobanukirwa ko ibintu byose n’abantu bose tubona mu isi ari umutungo w’Imana .Bibiliya iravuga ngo’’Isi nibiyuzuyemo ni iby’uwiteka,isi n’abayibamo .’’PS24 :1
Ntakintu na kimwe kiba ari icyacu mu gihe gito tumara ku isi.imana iba yadutije isi mu gihe tukiri hano. Uvuka wayisanze aho ari umutungo w’Imana,kandi Imana izayitiza undi numara kuyivamo. Uba wahawe agahe gato ko kuyinezererwa.
Ubwo Imana yaremaga Adamu na Eva ,yabashinze kurinda ibyo yari yararemye kandi ibagira abacungamutungo bayo.Bibiliya iravuga ngo ‘’Imana ibaha umugisha ,Imana irababwira iti’ mwororoke mugwire,mwuzure isi,mwimenyereze ibiyirimo ,mutware… Itangiriro 1 :26
Umurimo wa mbere Imana yahaye abantu kwari ugucunga no kwita ku bintu by ‘Imana ku isi. Ntabwo uwo murimo Imana yigeze iwubambura .Biracyari mu nshingano zacu n’uyu munsi.Buri kintu cyose kitunezeza twagombye kukireba nk’indagizo Imana yashyize mu ntoke zacu .Bibiliya iravuga ngo’’ Icyo mufite mutahawe ni igiki ?Ariko niba mwaragihawe ,niki gituma mwirata nk’abataragihawe ?’’ 1cor4 :7
Mu myaka yashize ,abantu b’inshuti zacu bigeze kudutiza inzu yabo mur Hawai,ahantu hareba ku mazi y’inyanja ngo tuharuhukire n’umufasha wanjye. Byari umugiha tutashoboraga kugeraho kubwo umutungo wacu,niyo mpamvu twabinezerewe twivuye inyuma.Bari batubwiye bati’’ muyikoreshe nk’abari iwanyu’’,natwe aba ariko tubikora.Icyo gihe twamazeyo twogaga muri pisine yabo,tukarya ibiryo basize muri firigo ,twihanaguzaga ibitmbaro by’amazi byabo,tukarira ku masahani yabo,ndetse tukajya twicunda ku buriri bwabo ngo twumve uko bunepa !Ariko ibyo twakoraga byose ,twabaga tuzirikana ko atari ibyacu by’ukuri buri kintu tukakitaho mu buryo bwihariye. Twagize umugisha wo kunezerwa imigisha yose y’iyo nzu nubwo itari iyacu.Twamenyereye umuco uvuga ngo ‘’ubwo atari icyawe ntiwivune ukitaho ‘’. Ariko abakristo twahamagaiwe kugira imyitwarire isumba iyo ishingiye kuri iyi mvugo ngo’’ubwo Imana ariyo nyirabyo ,ngomba kubyitaho mbyitwararitse uko nshoboye kose’’. Bibiliya iravuga ngo’’Ababikijwe ibintu by’igiciro bagomba kugaragaza ko ari abiringirwa badatatira icyo cyizere bagiriwe’’.
Yesu yakunze kugereranya ubuzima n’indagizo kandi yaciye imigani myinshi isobanura iyo nshingano Imana yaduhaye. Muri wa mugani w’amatalanto ,avuga inkuru y’umuntu w’umucuruzi wasigiye abagaragu be umutungo ngo bawiteho igihe yari mu rugendo.Agarutse, yagenzuranye na buri mugaragu uburyo yasohoje inshingano ze kandi abagororera akurikije umurava bagaragaje. Nyir’ibintu aravuga ngo’’Nuko nuko mugaragu mwiza ukiranuka , wakiranutse muri bike,nzakwegurira byinshi,injira mu munezero wa shobuja.’’ Matayo 25 :21
Nurangiza ubuzima bwawe hano ku isi ,uzagenzurwa kandi uhembwe hakurikijwe uburyo uzaba warakoresheje ibyo Imana yakubikije.Ibyo ni ukuvuga ko buri kintu cyose ukora ,n’iyo twaba ari uturimo duto twa buri munsi ,gifite agaciro kanini mu buzima bw’iteka. Nukoresha buri kintu nk’indagizo ,hari ibihembo bitatu Imana isezeranya mu buzima bw’iteka. Icyambere,uzabona ishimwe ry’Imana ikubwira iti’’Nuko nuko wakoze neza’’ ! Icyakabiri, uzazamurwa mu ntera,uhabwe inshingano zisumbaho mu buzima bw’iteka.’’ Nzakwegurira byinshi’’. Icya gatatu,bazaguha icyubahiro cyo kugukorera ibirori ‘’ Injira mu munezero wa shobuja’’.Abantu benshi ntibajya babona ko umutungo ko ari ikigeragezo kandi akaba ikibitsanyo cy’Imana .Imana ikoresha ubutunzi ngo itwigishe kuyizera ,kandi ku bantu benshi,ubutunzi nicyo kigeragezo kiruta ibindi.Imana ihora yitegereza uko dukoresha umutungo ngo irebe ikigero tugezeho cyo kuba abiringirwa. Bibiliya iravuga ngo’’ Niba mutarakiranutse mu butunzi bw’isi ,ninde uzabitsa ubutunzi nyakuri bw’ijuru ?’’ Iryo ni ihame rikomeye cyane. Imana yivugira ko hari ihuriro hagati y’uburyo nkoresha amafaranga n’ikigero cy’ubugingo bwanjye bwo mu mwuka. Uburyo ncunga amafaranga (ubutunzi bw’isi) nibyo biha Imana icyizere cyo kumbitsa imigisha yo mu Mwuka(ubutunzi bw’ijuru).Reka nkubaze : uburyo ukoresha amafaranga ntibwaba bubuza Imana gukora byinshi mu buzima bwawe ? Ese ushobora kuba umwiringirwa ubikijwe ubutunzi bwo mu Mwuka ? Yesu yaravuze ngo’’ uwahawe byinshi wese azabazwa byinshi,n’uweguriwe byinshi niwe bazarushaho kwaka byinshi’’ Ubuzima ni ikizamini ariko ni n’ikibitsanyo ,kandi uko Imana irushaho kuguha byinshi,ni ko igutegerezaho kurushaho kuba inyangamugayo.Luka 12 :48
Ingingo yo kuzirikana : Ubuzima ni igenzurwa kandi ni indagizo
Umurongo wo gufata mu mutwe : Niba udakiranuka mu byoroheje ,ntuzashobora gukiranuka mu bikomeye ‘’ Luka 16 :10
Ikibazo cyo gutekerezaho : Ni iki cyaba cyarambayeho muriyi minsi ubu nsobanukiwe ko ari Imana yakingeragereshaga ? Ni ibihe bintu by’agaciro Imana yaba yarambikije ?


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Muri iki gihe, iyo umuntu yumvise ko ahantu runaka habaye ibirori, urugero nk’ibyo kwizihiza isabukuru y’amavuko (Anniversaires/birthdays), ahita yumva ko byanze bikunze haza gukatwa umutsima bita uwa kizungu, (cake/gateau). Ni kimwe no mu bukwe, ubu iyo abantu bategura ubukwe, ntibashobora kwibagirwa kugura uwo mutsima bazakatira imbere y’abitabiriye ibirori by’ubukwe bwabo. Hari n’abakata uwo mutsima bizihiza imyaka runaka bamaze bashakanye.
Bamwe mu bakora ubukwe mu Rwanda bavuga ko bakase uwo mutsima w’ubukwe, kuko n’abandi babukoze mbere yabo bawukase, ku buryo batanibazaga icyo bivuze cyangwa aho byakomotse.
Uwitwa Ndugu avuga ko yakoze ubukwe mu mwaka wa 2005, kandi umutsima w’ubukwe yarawukase n’ubwo atabanje kwibaza icyo bivuze.
Yagize ati “Nakunze kubona abakora ubukwe bakata bene iyo mitsima, nanjye ngezweho ndawukata, ubwo wenda iyo nsanga bakata n’ibijumba ni cyo mba narakase simbizi, gusa sinakubeshya ngo nzi icyo bivuze”.
Uwitwa Mukamisha Ange, we yagize ati “Twakoze ubukwe dukata uwo mutsima twumva ari ukwizihiza ibirori gusa, ariko bakanatubwira ko ubwo, gukata uwo mutsima ari ukwereka abazaza mu rugo rwacu, mbese ngo tukerekana uko tuzajya tubakira”.
Gukata umutsima mu birori byavuye he?
Ku rubuga rwa Interineti https://www.lesaviezvous.net, bavuga ko ubu iyo bavuze ibirori hari abahita bumva ko hari umutsima ugomba gukatwa byanze bikunze. Ubundi rero uwo mutsima ukatwa ku munsi w’isabukuru y’amavuko, ngo wahereye mu Bugiriki mu gihe cya kera.
Abagiriki ngo bakataga uwo mutsima wakorwaga mu ifu y’ingano bakongeraho n’ubuki, bakawurya bizihiza isabukuru y’ikigirwamana cyitwa ‘Artémis’, iyo ikaba yari imana y’ingore ihagarariye ukwezi n’ibijyanye no guhiga (la déesse de la lune et de la chasse).
Icyo gihe bakoraga umutsima ujya kumera nk’uruziga, bagereranya n’uko ukwezi kumeze, bagashinga za buji, zishushanya urumuri rw’ukwezi, nyuma bagapfukama bagasenga mbere yo kuzimya izo buji zabaga ziri ku mutsima ugiye gukatwa. Ni yo mpamvu ubu, muri iki gihe ngo hari ababanza kuvuga icyo bifuza mu mwaka batangiye mbere yo kuzimya buji ziba zishinze ku mitsima bateguriwe gukata mu gihe bizihiza ibirori by’isabukuru.
Ku rubuga https://quizotresor.com, bavuga ko ibyo kwizihiza ibirori ngarukamwaka bizwi nka ‘anniversaire’ byatangiriye mu Misiri, bitangira byizihizwa n’Abami bo muri icyo gihugu(les pharaons), ariko ntibizihizaga umunsi bavutseho, ahubwo bizihizaga itariki bimiye ingoma, icyo gihe hagatambwa ibitambo.
Abagiriki n’Abaromani bo mu gihe cya kera ngo batekerezaga ko buri muntu agira umwuka uba umuriho umurinda (Esprit protecteur), uwo mwuka ukaba ugendana na we kuva avutse kugeza apfuye. Uwo mwuka urinda umuntu rero, ngo wakoranaga n’imana igira isabukuru ihura n’isabukuru y’uwo muntu. Ni aho hakomoka imyizerere iriho na n’ubu, ukumva bavuga ko umuntu agira malayika murinzi (Ange-Gardien ou de Saint-Patron).
Kuri urwo rubuga bavuga ko Abagiriki bagiraga iyo migenzo yo gutegura imitsima ikozwe mu buryo bw’uruziga bayiteguriye ikigirwamana cyitwa ‘Artémis’, nyuma abakirisitu baza kwanga iyo migenzo bavuga ko ari iya gipagani, mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatatu, imitsima yo kwizihiza isabukuru y’amavuko ishinzeho na za buji zaka yongeye kugaragara cyane mu Budage (kinderfeste).
Ku rubuga https://www.fnp.ae/blog , bavuga ko ibyo gukata imitsima mu birori by’isabukuru y’amavuko bimaze igihe bitangiye kuko byazanywe n’abakora ibintu bitandukanye mu ifarini bo mu Budage mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatanu, ubwo batangiraga gukorera abakiriya babo imitsima yo gukoresha ku minsi mikuru y’amavuko, bitangira guhindura ibyo bari barishyizemo ko imitsima nk’iyo ikoreshwa mu bukwe gusa.
Ubundi ngo byari bimenyerewe ko mu birori by’ubukwe, Abaromani batangaga imitsima ikozwe mu ifarini n’ubunyobwa bakongeramo ubuki kugira ngo ushobore kuryohera.
Ku rubuga https://www.rd.com/article/history-of-wedding-cakes/ bavuga ko umuhango wo gukata umutsima mu bukwe, watangiriye mu Baromani mu gihe cya cyera, nubwo uburyo byakorwagamo icyo gihe bitandukanye n’uko bikorwa ubu.
Imitsima izwi, ndetse igomba kuba ari yo abakora ubukwe bigana muri iki gihe, ngo yatangiye kubaho mu kinyajana cya 17. Icyo gihe, iyo ibirori by’ubukwe byabaga bigiye gusoza, ngo bafata umutsima/cake ukozwe mu ngano bakawumanyagurira ku mutwe w’umugeni bamwifuriza amahirwe no kuzabyara agaheka, bakamwifuriza uburumbuke, nyuma umugabo n’umugore basezeranye, ngo baryaga utumanyu dukeya tw’uwo mutsima, bagaragaza ko icyo ari cyo gikorwa cya mbere bakoze bagihuriyeho nk’abashakanye.
Iyo abageni babaga bamaze kurya kuri uwo mu mutsima, n’abashyitsi baje mu bukwe bwabo baryaga utumanyu tw’uwo mutsima dusigaye mu rwego rwo kwifuriza abageni kuzahirwa mu rugo rwabo. Hari n’abageni ngo bategerezaga kugera mu rugo rwabo rushya, bakabona gukora umuhango ujyana n’uwo mutsima w’ubukwe (wedding cake), umugeni yawurumagaho usigaye akawivungagurira ku mutwe akawutondekaho nk’indabo, kugira ngo we n’umugabo we bazabone ibyo bazifuza mu buzima byose.
Uko iminsi yagiye ishira, imitsima ikatwa mu bukwe, yatangiye guhenduka ugereranyije na mbere kuko yabonekaga mu miryango ikomeye ifite ahabugenewe ho kuyitekera (ifuru). Uko guhenduka kwajyanaga no guhindura uko bakora iyo mitsima, batangira kujya basigaho ibintu bisa n’ibiyifunitse ariko na byo biribwa(crème), gusa icyo gihe nko mu Bwongereza, ngo umutsima w’ubukwe wasigwagaho ibara ry’umweru gusa bisobanura ko umugeni ari isugi, ariko ku rundi ruhande, rikanagaragaza uko umuryango uhagaze mu bijyanye n’ubukungu.
Ku rubuga https://www.lecourrierdusud.ca bavuga ko umutsima w’ubukwe ukatwa n’ab’ubu, ufite inkomoko mu Bugiriki bwa kera (Grèce antique). Muri icyo gihe ngo abatumiwe mu bukwe bafataga umugati bakawumanyurira hejuru y’abageni babifuriza ibyishimo n’umunezero ndetse n’uburumbuke.
Byagendaga bihinduka uko imyaka itambuka. Muri ibyo bihe byo hambere (Moyen Âge) igikorwa cyo gukata umutsima w’ubukwe cyafatwaga nk’aho ari cyo gikorwa cyane mbere umugabo n’umugore bakoze bagihuriyeho nk’abasezeranye byemewe n’amategeko. Mu gihe cyo gukata umutsima, ikiganza cy’umugabo cyagombaga gufata ku cy’umugore we nk’ikimenyetso cy’uburumbuke no kumurinda (protection).
Ku rubuga http://www.les-colonnades.com, bavuga ku gisobanuro cyo gukata umutsima mu bukwe mu bihugu bitandukanye. Mu gihe cy’Abaromani ngo bamanyuriraga umugati hejuru y’umugeni nk’ikimenyetso ko atakaje ubusugi, ariko banamwifuriza kuzabyara agaheka.
Mu Bufaransa, mu myaka ya kera bo batondekaga iyo mitsima,uko igenda izamuka bikaba bisobanura uko ibyishimo by’urwo rugo rushya bizangana. Uko gukora imitsima ikoze ikintu gisa n’inzu igerekeranye (etage) byahise bikwira mu bihugu byinshi mu kinyejana cya 19.
Muri Madagascar, kugeza mu kinyejana cya 19, umutsima w’ubukwe witwa ‘Koba’, wakatwaga mu rwego rwo kwifuriza abasezeranye kuzahirwa. Mu by’ivugabutumwa byari bimaze kwamamara cyane kuri icyo kirwa, batangiye kujya bakoresha imitsima igerekeranye ari irindwi bifite icyo bisobanuye mu myemerere, kandi bikanajyana n’umuco wa ‘malagasy’ wo muri icyo gihugu.
Iyo igihe cyo gukata uwo mutsima cyageraga, umugeni agakata wenyine, byabaga bisobanuye ko atakaje ubusugi, mu gihe gukata bafatanyije byagaragazaga igikorwa cya mbere bakoze bombi nk’abashakanye no kugaragaza uko bazafatanya mu kuyobora urugo rwabo.


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Korali Family of Singers bateguye igitaramo bitiriye ‘Umuryango Mwiza’
Umukaridinali w’umunyacyubahiro muri Kiliziya gatolika yasabiye abapadiri kwemererwa gushaka
Umunyacyubahiro muri kiliziya gatorilika ndetse unayiyobora mu gihugu cy’u Budage, Karidinali Reinhard Max yatanze igitekerezo ko abapadiri bakemerewe kurongora, ibyo bikaba bihabanye n’itegeko rimaze imyaka myinshi ritegeka ko umupadiri agomba kuba ari ingaragu.
Arikibishopo wa Munich, karidinali Reinhard Marx, ndetse akaba n’inshuti ikomeye ya Papa Françis, yabwiye ikinyamakuru cyo mu Budage, Sueddeutsche Zeitung ko ashyigikiye ko abihaye Imana barongora hagamijwe guca ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina. Yagize ati:
“Abapadiri bamwe byababera byiza barongoye batabitewe no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, ahubwo kugira ngo ubuzima bwabo bube bwiza ndetse byabarinda no kuba bonyine.”
Mu kwezi gushize, muri arikidiyosezi ya Munich hasohotse raporo ifite paji 1000, aho habonetse inzirakarengane 500 zivuga ko zakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina n’abihayimana, hagati y’umwaka w’1945 n’2019.
Iyi raporo yatinzweho cyane kubera ko Papa Emeritus Benedigito XVI, wamenyekanye nka Joseph Ratzinger yakoraga nka arikibishopu wa Munich muri icyo gihe.


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Intangiriro
Umuyoboro wa Wave ni verisiyo nshya yazamuye igisekuru cya kabiri, ishingiye ku ihame ryihuta rya cyenda-axis, binyuze mu buryo bushya bwuzuye bwogukora ubushakashatsi bwo mu nyanja bwa algorithm yo kubara, bushobora kubona neza uburebure bw’inyanja, igihe cy’umuraba, icyerekezo cy’amazi hamwe nandi makuru. .Ibikoresho bifata ibikoresho bishya rwose birwanya ubushyuhe, bigateza imbere ibidukikije no guhuza uburemere bwibicuruzwa icyarimwe.Ifite imbaraga-ultra-low power yashyizwemo module yo gutunganya amakuru yumurongo, itanga interineti yohereza amakuru ya RS232, ishobora kwinjizwa byoroshye mumato asanzwe yinyanja, gutembera buoy cyangwa urubuga rwubwato butagira abapilote nibindi.Kandi irashobora gukusanya no kohereza amakuru yumurongo mugihe nyacyo kugirango itange amakuru yizewe yo kureba inyanja nubushakashatsi.Hariho verisiyo eshatu zihari kugirango zihuze ibyifuzo byabakoresha batandukanye: verisiyo yibanze, verisiyo isanzwe, na verisiyo yumwuga.


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Ndabasuhuje mwese!
Nifuje kubasangiza ibyo Imana yambwiye ku wa Kabili ubwo nasengaga, Imana iradukunda!
Yambwiye ko ihora irindiriye igihe dufashe ingamba zo kuyishaka, n’igihe duhisemo kuyigana, ko Iza idusangira bwangu bigasa no kuduhobera!
Ni Data mwiza, yarabimbwiye, ko Itajya igambirira guhana, ariko tubiyihatira iyo dukomeje kwirundumurira mu nzira z’ibyaha.
Ihora yifuza ko tuyigarukira , kugirango tudahura n’ibihanzo byayo. Yanyibukije kandi iby’igihe cy’abisirayeli yakomeje kujya ibabwiriza kureka inzira zabo zo gukiranirwa ngo badahanwa.
Nahumu 1:3. Uwiteka ntiyihutira kurakara, afite ububasha bwinshi kandi ntabwo yatsindishiriza utsinzwe n’urubanza. Inzira y’Uwiteka iba mu ishuheri no mu mugaru, kandi ibicu ni nk’umukungu utumurwa n’ibirenge bye.
Yampaye igihamya cy’urukundo rwayo, ko Ishaka ko buri wese ajya mu IJuru ni nako yatanze umwana wayo ngo apfe urupfu rubi kubw’ikiremwamuntu.
Iradukunda cyane kandi ishaka ko tujya mu Ijuru.
Uburyo ishaka ko buri wese abana nayo ititaye kubyaha dukora. Nyamara impamvu ITATWEMERERA KURYINJIRANAMO IBYAHA ni uko Yera. bityo ntibasha kwihanganira icyaha , kuko bidashoboka ko icyaha cyinjira mu ijuru. Upfuye ufite ibyaba biba bivuze ko uzaba umunyabyaha iteka ryose.
Nubwo Imana iba ishaka ko tujya mu Ijuru , ariko kubera icyaha ntibyashoboka ko umunyabyaha ajya mu Ijuru, icyaha kizana ubwigomeke, bityo hagize uwinjirana icyaha mu Ijuru, byamutera ubwimeke buzanwa n’icyaha.
Abagalatiya 5:9. N’ubundi igitubura gike gitubura irobe ryose.
Bityo rero hagize icyaha cyemererwa kwinjira mu IJuru cyakongeza byiza. Nubwo Imana idukunda rwose, upfanye ibyanye ibyaha ntiyatuma uryinjira.
wahisemo kurimbuka ukiri muzima , bityo nayo izakureka ujye aho wihitiyemo.
Kuko Imana idukunda cyane, ntiyohereje umwana wayo kuduciraho iteka ahubwo yaje kudukiza.
Twe tukiri bazima, dufite amahirwe menshi yo kuva mu byaha tukagarukira Yesu , ahora aturamburiye amaboko. Imana ni Imana nziza, niyo kamere yayo y’ubumana kuba nziza!
ndi mu cyumba cyanjye nsenga , hari hashize akanya maze gusenga ntangira kumva Ijuru rifunguka mu buryo bw’Umwuka, nibwo numvise urukundo rutangaje rw’Imana rwicubanura. Byari byiza cyane kuko ubwo byabaga, Nahise numva uburyo Imana ari nziza rwose.
Simbasha kubona icyo nasimbuza ijambo “NZIZA” ngo ngo mbashe kubasobanurira uburyo ari nziza ntibihagije uburyo muri Kamere yayo ari nziza nk’uko yambashishije kubyumva.
Ibyo yambashishije kumva byose icyo gihe, byari Urukundo Rutangaje cyane(abantu bose , waba uri umukristo cyangwa ugitwatwa n’iby’isi), ko ari Imana Data itangaje kandi ko tuba dutekanye turi muriyo, kandi Twayizera cyane kurusha uko twakwizera ababyeyi bacu bo mu isi. Ihora ishaka kugendana natwe kandi igahora idutegereje kugeza ubwo dufata umwanzuro wo kuyisanga.
Ihora yiteguye kutwakira Kuko Iradukunda rwose pe!
ZIPORAH.


text:
FY Urukurikirane rwinshi Hydrocyclone
Ibisobanuro birambuye
Ibiranga ibicuruzwa
Ihame ry'akazi
FY Series Hydrocyclone ikora neza cyane ikoreshwa mugusubirana neza umucanga ninganda zogeje umucanga.Intego yibikorwa byogusubirana neza kwumucanga, gukaraba umucanga umurizo wamabuye no gutesha agaciro ifu yuzuye ibuye ryumusenyi hamwe ninganda zegeranya amabuye, ifite ibyiza byo gutondekanya ibyiciro byinshi, ubuzima bumara igihe kinini no guhitamo ibikoresho birwanya kwambara. .Irashobora guhindurwa ukurikije inzira zitandukanye nibisabwa tekiniki.
Inzira yo Kugarura Umusenyi mwiza
Inkubi y'umuyaga mwinshi hamwe na cone ndende ikoreshwa mugusubirana, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mugikorwa cyiza cyo kugarura umucanga wo gutobora ibyondo bito, amazi mabi yumusaruro rusange hamwe namazi yo gukaraba.Igishushanyo kiranga uburyo bwiza bwo gutondekanya, ingano ntoya, igipimo kinini cyo kugarura umusenyi mwiza hamwe no kwibanda cyane.Kugarura umucanga mwiza birashobora gutuma habaho kubura ibicuruzwa mumucanga uvanze hamwe na kaburimbo, kunoza imikorere yibicuruzwa.
Inkubi y'umuyaga ifite cone ndende igororotse hamwe n’imiterere nini ya cone ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikorwa byakazi birimo ibyondo byinshi mubikoresho (ibidukikije birimo ibyondo 30%) hamwe nibyondo byinshi hamwe nifu yumucanga mumucanga mwiza wagaruwe mubikoresho byifu.Ibikoresho bifite ibiranga imikorere yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi bitarimo ibintu byiza byujuje ibikoresho.


text:
Rubavu: Abakobwa babangamiwe no gusabwa gushaka amafaranga azatunga ingo zabo mbere yo gushaka.
Sep 21, 2022 - 16:08
Abakobwa bo mur’aka karere baravuga ko kubona abagabo basabwa kubanza gushaka amafaranga azatunga urugo rwabo, icyo bita ‘Ndongora nitunge’. Nimugihe bamwe mu basore barengeje imyaka 30 y’amavuko bavuga ko bahisemo kugumana n’ababyeyi babo kuko batarabona abagore bafite ubushobozi. Ubuyobozi bw’akarere buvuga butari buzi iby’uyu muco, ariko bugiye gushaka amakuru yabufasha kongera ubukangurambaga bwakumira iyi myumvire.
Mukamusoni M. Louise ni umukobwa ufite imyaka 27 y’amavuko, umunyamakuru w’Isango Star yamusanze ari gushyashana mu mirimo y’ingufu. Avuga ko akazi kose abonye agakorana umutima ukunze kugira ngo arebe ko yabona umugabo kuko abasore benshi bo mu murenge wa Rugerero bashaka abagore bafite ubushobozi bwo kubabeshaho.
Mukamusoni usangiye ikibazo n’urungano rwe, yagize ati: “Ubu ni ugukora nk’ufite urugo ari kugaburira! Ubu umugabo ajya kugusanga aziko ukora, ntabwo yaza aziko nta kazi ugira! Ubu ni ukujya gushaka umugabo uzi ngo icyo akeneye ni wowe mugore urakigura noneho utakibona akajya ahandi arakibona.”
Mugenzi we yunze murye ati: “bamwe ni ukujya kwikorera ibisheke, abandi ni ukujya gucura inshuro wikorera amatafari n’amabuye. Ni ubukene bwo kutabona amafaranga ngo ncuruze niteze imbere nk’abandi.”
Uyu muco w’abasore bategereza kubaka ingo zabo ari uko babonye abagore bazababeshaho, ushimangirwa na bamwe mu basore bo muri aka gace bari hejuru y’imyaka 30.
Bavuga ko bahisemo kwigumira ku babyeyi babo mugihe batarabona aho berekeza kuko mur’iki gihe ubuzima bugoye.
Umwe ati: “Mfite imyaka 30 ariko mba mu rugo. Ntabwo mbabangamiye kuko hari n’abakuru banjye bari mu rugo! Ntabwo wavuga ngo urahita ujya gushaka umugore kandi ufite icyo ushaka kugeraho. Ubu nzumva ko natinze gushaka mfite nka nka 40.”
Yongeraho ko“ ubuzima buragoye kuko nta kazi kari kuboneka, n’akabonetse ni gake.”
Undi ati: “ubwo niba wumvishe iwanyu mufite agapariseri karimo akabanza…mukaba muri benshi, nyine namwe murashakisha ubwo Imana yabafasha mukaziyubaka ariko muri kumwe n’umubyeyi.”
Kambogo Ildephonse; Umuyobozi w’akarere ka Rubavu, avuga ko aribwo yakumva iby’iki kibazo, ariko bagiye gukusanya amakuru kugira ngo hakorwe ubukangurambaga bwo gukumira uyu muco.
Ati:“Icyo ntacyo twumvise ariko twashakisha amakuru noneho tukegeranya amakuru yose kugira ngo gikemuke. Mu nama dukorana n’abaturage icyo kibazo ntawigeze akizamura ariko mu by’ukuli nabyo iyo tubimenye ni kimwe mu butumwa dutanga kugira ngo bitanahari byirindwe.”
Abakobwa bo mur’aka gace bahisemo gukura amaboko mu mufunga bagakora kugira ngo babone abagabo n’abasore bari gukabakaba mu myaka 40 baba barategereje abakobwa bamaze kugwiza amafaranga.
Ibi bigaragaye muri aka gace nyuma y’abagore bagaragaje ko bubakanye n’abagabo bafite imitungo ariko yashyira abo bagabo bakabata bakajya kwishakira abandi bagore bafite ubushobozi.
Ibi birasaba ko inzego bireba zongera ubukangurambaga bugamije gukemura iki kibazo kitarafata indi ntera.

@ Emmanuel Biziman/ Isango Star -Rubavu


text:
INAMA ZIGIRWA ITORERO - IGITABO CYA 2- Contents
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- Ingeso zikwiriye kuranga umugore uzashaka
- Ingeso zikwiriye kuranga umugabo uzashaka
- Kwemera ingeso ziboneye
- Urukundo ni impano nziza ituruka kuri Yesu
- Gusenga no kwiga Bibiliya bitera umuntu guhitamo igikwiriye
- Inama ituruka ku babyeyi bubaha Imana
- Imiburo ibwirwa abagamije gushyingirwa
- Ingeso idakwiriye
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- IGICE CYA 32: INDIRIMBO
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- Ababyeyi bukwiriye kumvikana
- Akaga ko kurerana ubukana bwinshi cyane
- Gukundira abana gukurira mu bujiji ni icyaha
- Ububi bw ‘ubunebwe
- Babyeyi nimuyobore abana banyu kuri Kristo
- Ntimukirengagize iby ‘ubwenge bukennye
- Ntihakagire ubwo uhana umwana urakaye
- Akamaro ko kuba umunyakuri ku bana
- Akamaro ko gukuza ingeso
- Ibyambayeho mu mirerere y'abana banjye
- Ababyeyi bakeneye kuyoborwa n’Imana biruseho
- Mubigishe kubaha n'ikinyabupfura
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- Inshingano y'itorero
- Ubufashu bwiza bw’amashuri yacu
- Abigisha bayoborwa n ‘Imana
- Imico v ‘uni wigisha tv ‘ishuri
- Uruhare rwa Bibiliya mu burezi bwa Gikristo
- Akaga ko kohereza abana mu ishuri bakiri bato
- Agaciro ko kwigisha iby'imirimo yo gutunga abantu mu mibereho yabo
- Icyubahiro cyo gukora
- Ururimi kavukire ntirukwiriye kwirengagizwa
- Ibitabo byanditswe n’abatagira icyo bemera byangwa n’Imana
- Amaherezo y’uburezi bwa Gikristo
- Ishingano y’umwigishwa yo gutera ishuri rye gushikama
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- IGICE CYA 39: AKAMARO K’ISUKU
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- Results
- Related
- Featured
- Weighted Relevancy
- Content Sequence
- Relevancy
- Earliest First
- Latest First
Satani ashaka gucogoza kwitegeka
Satani ashaka gusubiza hasi umgero rwo kwera no gucogoza kwitegeka kw’abashyingiranwe, kuko azi yuko igihe irari ribi ribategeka, imbaraga zo kwera zigabanuka maze ntibabe bacyitaye ku gukura mu by’umwuka. Azi kandi yuko nibategekwa n’iruba rya kinyamaswa, imbaraga zabo z’umutima zizacogora, maze ntabe akirushwa n’ibyo gukura kwabo mu by’umwuka. Kandi azi ko nta buryo burenze ubwo bwo gushyira ikimenyetso ku rubyaro rwabo maze agahindura imico yabo vuba kuruta uko ahindura imico y’ababyeyi babo.IZI2 38.2
Bagabo n’abagore, hariho umunsi muzamenya irari icyo ari cyo n’amaherezo yo kunezezwa na ryo: Irari ribi ryabaye ingeso ribasha kuboneka mu bashyingiranwe n’abatashyingiranwe.IZI2 38.3
Amaherezo yo kwanga kwimika irari ni ayahe? Icyumba kirarwamo, aho abamarayika b'Imana bakwiriye gutegeka, handurishwa ingeso zanduye. Kandi kuko ingeso za kinyamaswa zikojeje isoni ari zo zitegeka, imibiri irangirika, ingeso mbi zikabyara indwara mbi. Nuko icyo Imana yatangiye kuba umugisha kigahinduka umuvumo.IZI2 38.4
Imibonano y’abashakanye ishayishije izamaraho urukundo rwo gusenga Imana, bizatuma imbaraga zo mu bwonko zitunga umubiri zigabanuka, kandi cyane cyane bizatera umubiri kunanirwa. Nta mugore ukwiriye gufasha umugabo we muri uyu murimo wo kwirimbura. Umugore namurikirwa n’umucyo kandi akaba akunda umugabo we ntabwo azabikora.IZI2 39.1
Uko ingeso za kinyamaswa zo gukunda kwinezeza zirushaho kugwira, ni nako zirushaho kugira imbaraga, kandi ni nako zirushaho cyane kurwanira kwinezeza. Nimureke abagabo n’abagore bubaha Imana bakangukire gusohoza inshingano yabo. Abenshi biyita Abakristo barembejwe n’indwara yo kugwa ikinya mu mitsi yumva no mu bwonko bitewe no kutirinda kwabo muri ubu buryo.IZI2 39.2


text:
Guhindura Ibice
Ikimenyetso cya BDEF
C Ibisobanuro
D Ibisobanuro
E Ibisobanuro
F Ibisobanuro
Ikimenyetso cya HILM
I Ikimenyetso Ibisobanuro
L Ibisobanuro
M Ibisobanuro by'ikimenyetso
Ikimenyetso cya PRS
R Ikimenyetso
S Ikimenyetso
Ikimenyetso cya TVW
V Ibisobanuro
W Ikimenyetso
Pusher na Byerekezo
Kubisunika cyangwa byerekezo byombi, impagarara zumukandara zizaba zirenze izisanzwe zisanzwe zitambitse;kubwibyo, ibiti kumpera ebyiri birakenewe gufatwa nkibikoresho byo gutwara kandi bigashyirwa mubarwa.Muri rusange, ni inshuro zigera kuri 2.2 ibintu byuburambe kugirango ubone umukandara wuzuye.
FORMULA: TWS = 2.2 TW = 2.2 TB X FA
TWS muri iki gice isobanura kubara impagarara zibiri cyangwa pusher convoyeur.
Guhindura Kubara
Kubara impagarara TWS ya convoyeur ihinduranya ni ukubara impagarara zegeranijwe.Kubwibyo, impagarara muri buri gice cyo gutwara zizagira ingaruka ku gaciro kose.Ibyo bivuze, impagarara zose zegeranijwe kuva itangira ryigice cyo gutwara ibinyabiziga muburyo bwo kugaruka, munzira yo kugaruka kumurongo udafite akazi, hanyuma unyuze mubice bitwara ujya mubice.
Igishushanyo mbonera muri iki gice ni T0 ko munsi ya shitingi.Agaciro ka T0 kangana na zeru;tubara buri gice kuva T0.Kurugero, igice cyambere kigororotse muburyo bwo kugaruka ni kuva T0 kugeza T1, kandi bivuze ko impagarara zegeranijwe za T1.
T2 ni impagarara zegeranijwe zumwanya wo kugaruka muburyo bwo kugaruka;mu rindi jambo, ni impagarara zegeranijwe za T0, T1 na T2.Nyamuneka ukurikije ibishushanyo byavuzwe haruguru hanyuma umenye impagarara zegeranijwe z'ibice byanyuma.
FORMULA: TWS = (T6)
Impagarara zose zicyiciro cyo gutwara muburyo bwo gutwara.
TWS muriki gice isobanura kubara impagarara za convoyeur.
FORMULA: T0 = 0
T1 = WB + FBW X LR X WB
Impagarara za catenary sag kumwanya wo gutwara.
FORMULA: TN = (Ca X TN-1) + (Cb X FBW X RO) X WB
Impagarara zo guhindura igice muburyo bwo kugaruka.
Ku gaciro Ca na Cb, nyamuneka reba Imbonerahamwe Fc.
T2 = (Ca X T2-1) + (Cb X FBW X RO) X WB
TN = (Ca X T1) + (Cb X FBW X RO) X WB
FORMULA: TN = TN-1 + FBW X LR X WB
Impagarara z'igice kigororotse muburyo bwo kugaruka.
T3 = T3-1 + FBW X LR X WB
T3 = T2 + FBW X LR X WB
FORMULA: TN = TN-1 + FBW X LP X (WB + WP)
Impagarara z'igice kigororotse muburyo bwo gutwara.
T4 = T4-1 + FBW X LP X (WB + WP)
T4 = T3 + FBW X LP X (WB + WP)
FORMULA: TN = (Ca X TN-1) + (Cb X FBW X RO) X (WB + WP)
Impagarara z'igice cyo guhinduka muburyo bwo gutwara.
Ku gaciro Ca na Cb, nyamuneka reba Imbonerahamwe Fc.
T5 = (Ca X T5-1) + (Cb X FBW X RO) X (WB + WP)
T5 = (Ca X T4) + (Cb X FBW X RO) X (WB + WP)
Umuyoboro
FORMULA: TWS = TB × FA
TWS muri iki gice isobanura kubara impagarara za convoyeur.
FORMULA: TB = [2 × RO × M + (L1 + L2)] (WP + 2WB) × FBW + (WP × H)
FORMULA: TA = BS × FS × FT
Nyamuneka reba Imbonerahamwe FT na Imbonerahamwe FS.
Urugero rufatika
Kugereranya TA na TB, nibindi bibarwa bifitanye isano nubundi bwoko bwa convoyeur.Hano hari amategeko abuza gushushanya no kubaka convoyeur.Kubwibyo, mugihe ushyira HONGSBELT spiral cyangwa guhindura imikandara kuri sisitemu ya convoyeur, turagusaba kohereza igitabo cya HONGSBELT Engineering hanyuma ukabaza ishami ryacu rya tekinike kugirango ubone ibisobanuro birambuye.
Impagarara
FORMULA: TB = [(WP + 2WB) X FBW] XL + (WP XH)
Niba gutwara ibicuruzwa biri hamwe nibiranga kurundanya, imbaraga zo guteranya Wf ziyongera mugihe cyo gutwara ibintu zigomba kwishyurwa kubara.
FORMULA: TB = [(WP + 2WB) X FBW + Wf] XL + (WP XH)
FORMULA: Wf = WP X FBP X PP
Impagarara zemewe
Bitewe nibikoresho bitandukanye byumukandara bifite imbaraga zinyuranye zizaterwa nubushyuhe butandukanye.Kubwibyo, kubara ibice byemewe impagarara TA irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango itandukanye numukandara wuzuye TW.Igisubizo cyo kubara kizagufasha guhitamo neza guhitamo umukandara no guhuza ibyifuzo bya convoyeur.Nyamuneka reba Imbonerahamwe FS na Imbonerahamwe Ts muri menu ibumoso.
FORMULA: TA = BS X FS X FT
BS = Umuyoboro wumukandara Umuhengeri (Kg / M)
FS na FT Reba Imbonerahamwe FS na Imbonerahamwe FT
Imbonerahamwe Fs
Urukurikirane HS-100
Urukurikirane HS-200
Urukurikirane HS-300
Urukurikirane HS-400
Urukurikirane HS-500
Imbonerahamwe Ts
Acetal
Nylon
Polyethylene
Polypropilene
Guhitamo Shaft
FORMULA: SL = (TW + SW)? BW
Ikinyabiziga / Idler Shaft Imeza Ibiro - SW
Gutandukana kwa Drive / Shaft Ideri - DS
Hatabayeho Hagati
FORMULA:
DS = 5? 10-4 (SL? SB3 / E? / FONT> I)
Hamwe no Gutwara Hagati
FORMULA:
DS = 1? 10-4 (SL? SB3 / E? I)
Ubworoherane bwa Drive Shaft - E.
Akanya Inertia - I.
Gutwara Shaft Torque Kubara - TS
Kubara agaciro kari hejuru, nyamuneka gereranya nimbonerahamwe ikurikira kugirango uhitemo icyuma cyiza cyo gutwara.Niba itara rya shitingi ya drake iracyakomeye cyane, agace gato gashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye umuriro, kandi ukanakoresha amafaranga yambere yibiti no gutwara.
Koresha akantu gato kugirango uhuze shitingi ya disiki hamwe na diameter nini kugirango ugabanye umuriro, cyangwa ukoresheje spocket nini kugirango uhuze shitingi ya disiki hamwe na diameter ntoya kugirango wongere umuriro.
Ikintu ntarengwa cya Torque ya Drive Shaft
Ifarashi
Niba moteri yo gutwara yatoranijwe kuri moteri igabanya ibyuma, igipimo cyimbaraga zigomba kuba kinini kuruta ibicuruzwa bitwara hamwe nimbaraga zose zingana zitanga mugihe umukandara ukora.
Imbaraga zifarashi (HP)
Amazi
Imbonerahamwe FC
Nyamuneka gereranya ibikoresho bya gari ya moshi hamwe n'umukandara wa convoyeur hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara ibintu byumye cyangwa bitose kugirango ubone agaciro FC.
Ca, Cb Agaciro
Nyuma yo kubona agaciro FC kuva kumeza FC, nyamuneka uyigereranye nu mpande zigoramye za convoyeur, urashobora kubona agaciro Ca nagaciro Cb.


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Mbanje kubasuhuza kandi nkurikijeho ko nishimiye kwakira indahiro y’Umuvunyi Mukuru, wemeye inshingano zo kuyobora, afatanyije n’abandi Banyarwanda, urugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane mu gihugu cyacu. Ndagira ngo kandi mushimire, mwifuriza n’imirimo myiza.
Mu by’ukuri izi nshingano ntabwo ari nshya kuri Madamu Nirere. Amaze igihe ayobora Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu, kandi ako kazi nako yagakoze neza. Ubu agiye kugasoza ajya mu kandi.
Nkuko bizwi, akarengane na ruswa ni bimwe mu bibangamira ubwo burenganzira n’imibanire y’Abanyarwanda, bikanadindiza n’iterambere ry’igihugu. Ibi rero tugomba kubirwanya kandi dufite inzego zibishinzwe, zibifitiye n’ubushobozi. Turifuza ko bigaragara ko ako kazi gakorwa rero ku buryo bukwiye.
Muri urwo rugamba, izo nzego ziruzuzanya, zigafatanya imirimo yose, kandi iyo mirimo iba ibikeneye. Nta rwego rusimbura urundi cyangwa ngo ruruvuguruze. Icyo bishinzwe ni ukuzuzanya ntabwo ari ukuvuguruzanya. Nta nurukwiriye kwinjira mu nshingano z’urundi. Urwego rumwe ntabwo rwateshuka ku mirimo rushinzwe ngo ruhitemo gukora imirimo y’izindi nzego cyangwa y’urundi rwego ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose. Iteka habaho ubushake, hakwiriye gushakwa kumvikana.
Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rugomba gukorana ku buryo bwa hafi n’izindi nzego cyane cyane izo mu butabera n’iz’ibanze. Aho ruswa yagaragaye, n’aho akarengane kabaye, urwo rwego rukamenyeshwa, ababishinzwe nabo icyo gihe tuba tubatezeho ko bihutira gukemura ibyo bibazo.
By’umwihariko, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi turifuza ko rwakongera imbaraga mu kwigisha Abaturarwanda uburenganzira bwabo, amategeko abarengera, bakayumva bakayamenya, ndetse n’izindi nzego bashobora kwiyambaza haba mbere, haba igihe cyose kandi bagana n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi. Uko kwigisha gutangirira mu ndangagaciro zacu nk’Abanyarwanda, kukanashingira ku mategeko.
Ugerereranije n’ahandi henshi ku isi, ntabwo igihugu cyacu gihagaze nabi. Ariko ntidukwiye kwirara ngo twibwire ko ibintu byose bimeze neza. Ahubwo twahera ku byiza nyine biriho, tugakumira ibibi kugira ngo bitaba cyangwa se kubirwanya aho byagaragaye. Ubwo rero bishaka ko dukaza ingamba, aho uwo muco cyangwa ibikorwa bibi byaba biri bigacika burundu.
Ibyo rero ni bimwe mu byo Umuvunyi Mukuru, ngira ngo arabyumva ko ari byo twifuza ko azadufashamo kandi ndibwira ko bitazamugora kuko atangiye inshingano ze mu gihe imikorere y’uru rwego irimo kuvugururwa. Kandi azahera no ku byo yari amenyereye gukora no mu zindi nshingano mu gihe amaze n’ubumenyi afite. Hanyuma hakwiyongeraho ko natwe twese twiteguye kumufasha kuko nawe azaba afasha cyangwa afatanya n’izindi nzego. Icyo gihe akazi karoroha.
Ndagira ngo rero nongere mbashimire mwese kandi nshimira n’Umuvunyi Mukuru nawe, no kumwizeza inkunga igihe cyose azaba abikeneye n’ubufatanye. Ngira ngo rero ahasigaye mugire umunsi mwiza.


text:
Inyigisho yo ku wa kane mutagatifu Umwaka A, Ku wa 13 Mata 2017
Amasomo matagatifu:
ISOMO RYA MBERE: Iyim 12, 1-8. 11-14
ISOMO RYA KABIRI: 1 Kor11, 23-26
IVANJILI: Yohani 13,1-15
Bavandimwe muri Kristu, dukomeje urugendo tuzirikana urukundo ruhebuje Kristu yadukunze akageza ubwo atwitangira ku musaraba kugira ngo adukize icyaha n’urupfu. Urukundo ruhebuje rwaranze Yezu yaruraze n’abamwemera bose, abamukurikiye n’abakomeje gukora ubutumwa yabashinze bwo kwamamaza Inkuru nziza ye y’umukiro.
Kuri uyu munsi w’uwa kane mutagatifu turabona Yezu atanga umurage ku bo yatoye, akabiyegereza by’umwamihariko kugira ngo bamwigireho byinshi bazashyira mu bikorwa ubwo azaba amaze gusubira mu ijuru. Abo ni Intumwa ze,abo yise inshuti ze nk’uko tubisanga mu Ivanjili ya Yohani 15, 15: “Sinkibita abagaragu kuko umugaragu atazi ibyo shebuja akora ahubwo mbise inshuti.” Yezu rero yahaye umurage w’umwihariko inshuti ze. Ubwo basangiraga ku wa kane mutagatifu yabashinze imirimo ikomeye yo gukomeza ubutumwa yatangiye:
-Gutura igitambo kugira ngo isi igirirwe imbabazi z’ibyaha: «Iki ni umubiri wanjye ubatangiwe; mujye mubikora namwe bibe urwibutso rwanjye.» Ibi yabikoze mu isangira rye rya nyuma n’Intumwa ze anazisaba kujya zibikora zimwibuka. Tukanibuka ko kugira ngo habeho gutura icyo gitambo hagomba kuboneka abagitura bityo kuri uyu wa kane mutagatifu tugahimbariza icyarimwe iremwa ry’ubusaserdoti n’Ukaristiya.
-Gukundana nk’uko Yezu yadukunze. Ubwo Yezu yozaga ibirenge by’Intumwa ze yagaragaje ukwicisha bugufi kuko inyigisho yashatse kubaha akora uwo murimo ukorwa n’abagaragu ni iyo guca bugufi imbere ya bagenzi babo babitewe n’urukundo. Ni henshi tubona Yezu agaragariza abantu urukundo. Yasabye rero abigishwa be kumwigiraho. Kwikuramo umwitero we biragaragaza ubwo bwiyoroshye bwa Yezu ndetse bigaca n’amarenga y’ibyari bigiye kumubaho ubwo bamwamburaga igishura cye. Ni byo koko, Yezu ntiyagundiriye ikuzo rye ahubwo yaciye bugufi aza kubana na bene muntu afata kamere-muntu kugira ngo uko muntu arushaho kumurangamira agire uruhare kuri kamere-Mana.
Yezu yaboneyeho abwira Petero ko naramuka atemeye kozwa ibirenge atazagira umugabane hamwe na We. Ni nko kumubwira ati “ niba utemeye kwakira ibyo Nyagasani akugeneye, urahamana ibyawe gusa. Nuhamana ibyawe gusa, ntuzaca bugufi imbere y’abandi, ntuzagira urukundo nk’urwo ndimo nkukugaragariza, uzaba udafite ukuruta ureberaho, ukamwigiraho guca bugufi, ukibuka ibyo yagukoreye byiza kugira ngo nawe uzabikorere abandi nk’umurage mwiza wakiriye nawe ukawuraga abandi. Niwanga rero ntuzagira umugabane hamwe na Kristu.” Kugira ngo wozwe ibirange, bigusaba gukuramo inkweto. Kutagira inkweto zo kwambara tuzi uko bigaragarira amaso y’abantu nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubutindahare mu gihe mu kwambara inkweto bishobora kugaragaza icyubahiro muntu yiyambitse. Ubanza ari yo mpamvu hari abatinda ku nkweto… Wabonye urukweto yari yambaye?….Kwamburwa inkweto cyangwa gusabwa kuzikuramo ni ikimenyetso cyo gucishwa bugufi. Yezu rero mu guca bugufi akoza ibirenge by’intumwa ze, yanazeretse ko nazo zigomba guca bugufi, zikuremo inkweto, ziyambure ibijyanye n’ibyo muntu afata nk’ibimwubahisha maze zikorweho na Nyirikuzo. Aha duhita twumva impamvu Imana yasabye Musa gukuramo inkweto: “Wikwegera hano ! Ndetse kuramo inkweto zawe, kuko ahantu uhagaze ari ubutaka butagatifu.” (Iyimukamisiri 3, 5)
Bavandimwe rero nitwemerere Yezu atwuhagire, tureke gutsimbarara ku byacu ahubwo twemere duce bugufi twakire Kristu uza atugana ngo aduhe umurage we ushingiye ku rukundo rutari mu magambo gusa ahubwo rugaragara mu bikorwa.
Isi yacu ikeneye urwo rukundo, isi yacu ikeneye abantu baca bugufi babigiranye urukundo. abafasha abandi, abahumuriza abandi, ababifuriza amahoro, ababaha umurage w’urukundo, ababaha imbaraga nyabuzima.
Bavandimwe, igitambo cy’Ukaristiya dutura cyangwa duturirwa ntikikabe urwibutso gusa ahubwo kijye kinadufasha gusubira kuri wa munsi wa kane mutagatifu ubwo Yezu ubwe yari kumwe n’Intumwa ze, twemere ko turi kumwe na we kandi ko ari We ubwe uhora atwiha mu gitambo cy’Ukaristiya kandi akatwibutsa ko Ukaristiya ari Isakramentu ry’urukundo rugaragarira mu bikorwa, urukundo rwitangira abandi, urukundo rwiyoroshya rugatera nyirarwo guharanira kugaragira abandi aho guharanira kugaragirwa. Uko tumuhabwa tujye duharanira iteka gusa na We.
Umunsi mwiza Basaserdoti ntore z’Imana, umunsi mwiza mwese mbaga y’abemera Kristu.
Padiri Bernard KANAYOGE
Montréal, Canada


text:
Nyirabambogo Marita wiyita nyirakuru w’abazunguzayi atangaza ko imyaka 3 amaze acururiza mu isoko bahawe imurutira imyaka 37 yamaze acururiza mu muhanda, kuko yagiye ahahurira n’ibibazo bikomeye.
Uyu mukecuru avuga ko mu gihe cyose yakoraga ubwo bucuruzi nta munsi yigeze ataha adakubiswe cyangwa ngo yambuwe ibyo acuruza mu rwego rwo kumusaba kuva mu muhanda agakora ubucuruzi bwemewe.
Ati: “Mu by’ukuri nkiri mu muhanda sinabonaga ko ibyo nkora ari amakosa, ahubwo nabonaga ari uburenganzira bwange, bawunyirakanamo nkabona ko bankoreye ihohoterwa”.
Nyirabambogo avuga ko yapfakaye akiri muto, afita imyaka 26, kandi ngo no muri ubwo buzima bwo gupfakara yagombaga gukomeza kurera abana yamusigiye, bituma ayoboka umuhanda ngo arebe ko yabona amaramuko.
Yemeza ko kera batajyaga babuzwa gucururiza mu muhanda, byanatumye bumva ko kuwuvanwamo ari ukubangamira uburenganzira bwabo, ngo ariko nyuma yo kubakira isoko ni bwo yabonye ko yabagaho nabi cyane, kuko ngo yahoraga yiteguye gupfa isaha n’isaha agonzwe n’imodoka yiruka, aguye muri ruhurura ahunga abamukuraga mu muhanda n’ibindi nk’ibyo.
Nyirabambogo avuga kandi ko nyuma Jenoside abana yarafite biyongereho abandi kuko yaje kurera imfubyi 6 ziza ziyongera ku bana be, bose hamwe baba 10, akaba yaragombaga kubakorera ari umwe bigatuma ahora mu bucuruzi bwo mu muhanda.
Uyu mukecuru asanga nta kiza yaboneye mu muhanda uretse guhora yiruka ahunga abashinzwe umutekano, yewe ngo n’iyo yabaga atababonye hafi, ngo uje amusanga wese yikangaga ko ari uje kumufata.
Ati: “Nahoraga mu buzima bwuzuye ubwoba, aho ndi hose nabaga nikanga abashinzwe umutekano, nari umwanzi wa Polisi ariko ubu ndi nshuti yabo kuko ari bo badukoreye ubuvugizi tukubakirwa isoko nk’iri, ubu ndaho ndatuje.”
Ku myaka ye 63, Nyirambogo uzwi nka nyirakuru w’abazunguzayi avuga ko agifite imbaraga zo gukora ku buryo ntawe asaba, yewe ngo n’ubuyobozi nta bwo ajya abusaba icyo kurya cyangwa umwambaro, Mituweri n’amafaranga y’ishuri y’abana, ngo ahubwo icyo asaba akaba ari uko yakubakirwa kuko ngo kugeza ubu atagira aho atuye hitwa ahe, ngo akaba nta n’ikizere cyo kwiyubakira afite kuko imbaraga ze zigenda ziba nke bitewe no gusaza.
Ati: “Perezida wa Repubulika ntacyo atakoreye Abanyarwanda, ejo bundi yabakuye mu manegeka abatuza mu miturirwa i Karama, bari kuzahasiga ubuzima, nange sindiheba mpora ntegereje ko isaha igera ngahabwa inzu y’amasaziro kuko ndagenda ngira intege nke kubera gusaza.”
Uyu mukecuru avuga ko icyatumye atabasha kwiyubakira inzu ari uko yahoze abaho ari uko yazunguje utuntu mu muhanda, amafaranga abonye akayahahishirizamo abana, dore ko batari bake kuko yareze abana 4 be yabyaranye n’umugabo n’abandi 6 b’imfubyi kandi ngo bose yarabakujije.
Ati: “Igihe cyari iki cyo gutekereza kubaka akazu k’amasaziro, ariko sibashobora ndagenda ngana mu ntege nke z’ubusaza, ndasaba abagiraneza n’ubuyobozi kunzirikana kugira ngo nzasaze neza mfite aho ntaha, aho guhoza akarago ku mutwe.”
Uyu mukecuru ashimira cyane Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda Paul Kagame ukunda Abanyarwanda cyane cyane ab’intege nke, agashima imiyoborere ye yatumye avanwa mu muhanda agahabwa iseta, agashima Polisi yabakoreye ubuvugizi bakabona aho bacururiza, Umujyi wa Kigali ndetse n’akarere ka Nyarugenge kabashakiye aho bakorera kandi heza.