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Imineke ni isoko ntagereranywa y’intungamubiri z’amoko atandukanye ndetse n’imyunyungugu nka potasiyumu. imineke ni bumwe mu bwoko bukunzwe ku isoko ry’imbuto kandi abantu bariye imineke bahamya ko iryoha ku buryo butangaje.
Ni muri urwo rwego tugiye kurebera hamwe umumaro wo kurya nibura umuneke umwe ku munsi:
Imineke ifasha kugabanya agahinda gakabije (depression)
Agahinda gakabije gaterwa na serotonim iba yabaye nyinshi mu bwonko, mu mineke habamo tryptophan ibasha kugabanya no kumaraho ibimenyetso by’agahinda gakabije.
Kurya imineke byongerera umubiri imbaraga
Mu mineke habamo isukari y’umwimerere igabanyijemo amaoko atatu ariyo fructose, glucose na sucrose ibi byose bifasha mu kongerera umubiri imbaraga bityo usanga umuntu uriye imineke 2 aba abonye mbaraga yakoresha mu gihe cy’ iminota 90.
Kurya imineke bifasha mu kugabanya ibiro.
Ku bantu bashaka kugabanya ibiro, imineke ni amahitamo meza cyane kuko yiganjemo kuko ifasha mu gushongesha ibinure bityo hehe no guhura n’umubyibuho ukabije.
Imineke ifasha ubwonko gukora neza.
Imineke ikungahaye kuri potasiyumu na magnesium, iyi myunyu ngugu ifasha ubwonko kugira icyerekezo kizima no gukora neza.
Kurya imineke bigabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kurya imineke ibiri ku munsi bigabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso ku kigero cya 10%. Ku bantu bafite ibibazo by’umuvuduko w’amaraso bagirwa inama yo kurya imineke.
Kurya imineke bituma amagufwa amererwa neza.
Intungamubiri ziboneka mu mineke zifasha zubaka amagufka ndetse zikayakomeza ku buryo atavunagurika uko yiboneye kose.
Imineke irinda umubiri kurwaragurika
Mu mineke habamo antioxydants nyinshi zikarema utunyangingo twinshi turwanya ikintu cyose cyatera indwara mu mubiri nk’indwara y’umutima, diyabete na cancer.
Imineke ifasha mu gusohora itabi mu mubiri
Iminneke igizwe n’imyunyungugu nka potasiyumu, magnesium na vitamine B6.Izi ntungamubiri zose zizwiho kugabanya uburozi buba mu itabi (nicotine).
Imineke igabanya ibyago byo kurwara asthma.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bwongereza bwagaragaje ko abana barya nibura umuneke umwe ku munsi bibagabaniriza 34% kurwara asthma.
Imineke ni ingenzi mu buzima bwa buri munsi kuko yiganjemo intungamubiri zifasha umubiri kumererwa neza. Ni byiza gushyira imineke muri buri funguro ryacu kugira ngo turusheho kugira ubuzima umuze.


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Kugira ngo umuntu akorere Imana yakagombye kuba yarahindutse ageze ku rwego akora ubushake bw’Imana, ageze ku rwego agira umutima nk’uwari muri Kristo Yesu. Ni yo mpamvu Yesu yategereje imyaka 30, Bibiliya iravuga ngo “Amaze gusenga cyane no kwinginga cyane, yigishijwe kumvira n’ibyo yababajwe” Nta cyaha cyabaga muri Yesu, ariko byafashe imyaka 30 kugira ngo yige umuco wa kiyuda, amenye aho azakorera, yuzure imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo nahagarara avuga abe avuga ibyo azi.
Umuntu akizwa uyu umunsi ejo akaba yandikiye korari, ejo akaba abaye umudiyakoni, ejo akaba abaye umwarimu, akaba abaye umupasiteri, hari n’abatanyura muri izo nzira zose. Agasimbuka akaba ageze ku rwego utamenya, ariko wareba icyo atanga[ mu byukuri umuntu atanga icyo afite] niba ntacyo ufite, ntacyo uzaha abandi. Imbaraga zo gukorera Imana tuzikura mu mubano dufitanye nay o, ziva mu busabane tugirana n’Imana. Iyo dufashe inzira yo kwezwa no guhinduka, bidufasha guhinduka no kugera ku rwego Imana ishobora kudukoresha nk’ibikoresho bizima bishobora kuyigirira umumaro.
Tandukanya gukoreshwa n’Imana no gukorana n’Imana
Yesu yagiye agaruka ku magambo asa nk’akomeye, Pawulo nawe yagiye avuga ngo" Kandi ubwo dukorana na yo, turabinginga kugira ngo mudaherwa ubuntu bw’Imana gupfa ubusa"
Nagira ngo mbatandukanyirize amagambo 2: Gukoreshwa n’Imana no gukorana n’Imana ni ibintu bitandukanye. Umuntu ashobora gukoreshwa n’Imana ariko atari igikoresho cyejejwe, ariko gukorana n’Imana harimo ubumwe, harimo ubufatanyabikorwa. Ni ukuvuga ko hari urwego uba ugezeho rw’ubusabane no gukorana n’Imana nk’inchuti yayo magara.
Ariko hari abantu bakoreshwa n’Imana ariko badakoranana yo. Urugero: Eliya yari ku kagezi kereti, igihe yari amaze guhagarika mvura, Bibiliya ivuga ko ibikona byamuzaniye umutsima n’inyama. Imana yakoresheje ibikona ibiha umutsima n’inyama biramuzanira ariko kandi mu busanzwe Bibiliya ivuga ko igikona ari ikizira, ariko biraganduka, birumvira bizana umutsima n’inyama. Muzi ukuntu ibikona bikunda inyama, ariko ntibyihayeho, byagaburiye Eliya. Hari abantu bakoreshwa muri urwo rwego.
Igihuru cy’amahwa Imana yakivugiyemo, Imana ivugana na Mose ariko igihuru na n’ubu kiracyari igihuru, amahwa ntazajya mu i Juru. Umuyaga watwaraga Eliya mu buryo butangaje ariko umuyaga nta kindi uvuze, gusa wabaye igikoresho.
Hari abantu bazavuga ngo”Twariraga, twanyweraga imbere yawe, twakoraga ibitangaza mu zina ryawe, Yesu avuge ngo ’Nibwo bwa mbere mbabonye sinigze mbamenya’. Ukibaza, ko bakoreshejwe ibitangaza mu izina rya Yesu, ko bahagurukije ibirema, ko bahumuye impumyi, ko bari bafite amatorero manini cyane ku isi, ko bari bafite ama minisiteri avugwa cyane afite abayoboke benshi, ariko Yesu akazababwira ngo” Ntabwo nigeze mbamenya”?
Aha rero ukwiye kwitonda, buri ntambwe yose utera ukareba ko ukorana n’Imana udakoreshwa gusa. Hari abantu nyine bakoreshwa nka Robo, ariko nagira ngo mbibutse ko gukoreshwa n’Imana ni byiza ariko wakagombye kuba ureba impinduka y’imbere.
Aba bantu bazazira iki?
Aba, bazazira ko batemeye guhinduka imbere muri bo, ahubwo bashyize umwanya munini mu gukorera Imana gusa ariko ntibashyira umwanya mu kwezwa no guhinduka, no kubana n’Imana. Aha ni ho hari ikibazo gikomeye!

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Nk’umuntu, impundu iyo yapfushije irashyingura, yanabyara igatindirwa ikiriri
Impundu ni inguge abahanga mu by’ibinyabuzima bavuga ko urebye isa n’umuntu cyane, ku buryo abayipimye basanze akarango kayo (DNA/ADN) gasa n’ak’umuntu ku rugero rwa 98.2%.
N’ubwo umubiri wayo utwikiriwe n’ubwoya, mu maso hayo, mu kiganza no munsi y’ibirenge by’impundu ho nta bwoya buhaba, kandi nk’umuntu igira intoki eshanu n’amano atanu.
Dr. Ange Imanishimwe, impuguke mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabyuzima n’iterambere ry’abaturage, avuga ko mu byo impundu ihuriyeho n’umuntu harimo kuba iyo yapfushije ishyingura, kandi ko n’iyo hari iyabyaye itindikirwa ikiriri.
Ikindi ngo iyo imbyeyi imwe idahari, ngenzi yayo ishobora kuyirebera umwana. Impundu na zo zirasomana, zigasukurana (imwe ikura umwanda mu bwoya bw’insi) kandi zigafatana akaboko.
Impundu kandi zibaho mu matsinda y’impundu zishobora kugera no ku 100, ni ukuvuga imiryango irenze umwe, zikagira ikigabo kimwe kiziyobora zose. Binyuranye n’ingagi usanga ziba mu itsinda ry’umuryango ugizwe n’ingabo, ingore n’abana.
Imanishimwe agira ati “Imiryango mishyashya y’ingagi ivuka iyo hari agasore ko mu muryango umwe kagiye kubonana n’agakobwa ko mu wundi muryango, hanyuma ibibyeyi bikakamerera nabi. Icyo gihe ka gakobwa na ka gasore ducika iwabo, tukajya gukora umuryango mushya. Impundu zo ziba mu matsinda, kandi buri tsinda rikagira ubutaka ribarizwaho”.
Yungamo ati “Impundu zikunze kurinda ahantu hazo zikanahazenguruka (patrol/Patrouille). Niba hari indi iziziye mu cyanya zishobora kuyikubita zikanayica cyangwa zikayimugaza”.
Iyo zimwe zifite ibyo kurya hari ukuntu zitaka zihamagara izindi ngo zize zisangire, zaba zitabifite na bwo zikagira ukuntu zitaka izindi zikamenya ko buri yose ikwiye kujya kwihigira.
Zikunze kurya ibyatsi, imbuto, ariko zirya n’udukoko dutoya urugero nk’imiswa, n’uturinganiye nk’inguge, inkima, impongo n’utundi tunyamaswa. Iyo zirimo gushaka imiswa zifashisha inkoni, kandi ikigaragaza ko zizi ubwenge ni uko nk’iyo yifashishije inkoni irimo gushaka imiswa mu mugina, hanyuma ikayibana ngufiya, irayijugunya igashaka indi ndende.
Impundu kandi ngo zirara mu byari zikora mu biti, kandi ntaho zirara kabiri kuko bucya zigakora ibindi.
Na ho ku bijyanye no kororoka, ingore zishobora gutangira kororoka ku myaka 13, na ho ingabo zigashobora kubyara ku myaka 15. Zihaka amezi umunani n’igice, kandi zigacukiriza imyaka itanu.
Impundu zikunze kuboneka muri Afurika yo hagati n’iy’Iburengerazuba, na ho mu Rwanda ziboneka muri Parike ya Nyungwe, Gishwati na Mukura.


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Iki cyifuzo cyagaragajwe tariki 21 Werurwe 2019, ubwo hizihirizwaga umunsi mpuzamahanga w’ubusizi.
Ibi birori byagaragayemo umukino wo gusimbuka urukiramende rwa metero zigera kuri eshatu hifashishijwe ikibando, hanyuma n’abasizi bakiri batoya ndetse n’abakuze bafata umwanya wo kugaragaza inganzo zabo.
Umusizi ukiri muto witwa Innocent Bahati, mu gisigo yise Gihanga, mu mvugo ivugitse neza ariko itajimije cyane yagaragaje bimwe mu byo agaya by’iki gihe.
Hari aho yagize ati “Ubu umwana na nyina basangira ikiriri, umusore na se basangira udukingirizo, bagurizanya impongano zo guhongera indaya, inda ibabyara ikica u Rwanda, u Rwanda kandi rwa Gihanga... Kugera ubwo umwana afata ikirere akajya kuboneza urubyaro atanazi niba arugira? Igihugu kiri aha wowe urakizi?”
Abantu bakuru na bo bavuze ibisigo bya kera bagiye basigirwa n’ababyeyi babo, bigiye birimo imvugo zijimije umuntu wese atapfa kumva.
Ibi birori byabereye ahitegeye agasozi ka Kiruri, abasizi bajyaga kwicaraho bagahimba ibisigo, harimo uwitwa Nzabonariba n’uwitwa Bagorozi.
Ngo iyo umusizi yatahaga igisigo atakirangije nta muntu yavugishaga, bwacya agasubirayo. Yongeraga kuvugisha abandi bantu, yemwe n’abo mu rugo, ari uko yakirangije.
Bifuje rero ko aha i Kiruri hazubakwa urugo rw’abasizi, aho abasizi bakiriho bazajya bahurira bakibukiranya ibisigo, bakigisha n’abakiri batoya.
Jean Pierre Kanyandekwe ati “Nibura tukagira nk’igihe tubahuriza hamwe bakamarana icyumweru cyangwa bibiri. Umusizi Ndatsikira aba mu Bugesera, Uwitwa Ruvuzandekwe uwakubwira inganzo agiye kudutahana. Igikenewe ni ukubona uko bahurizwa hamwe, hanyuma inganzo bakongera bakayityaza ku yindi.”
Aha ngo ni na ho hazajya habera amarushanwa y’abasizi ku rwego rw’igihugu ndetse na mpuzamahanga. Bikubitiyeho ko n’umuhamirizo w’intore wahimbiwe i Nyaruguru, ahitwa i Coko, hatari kure cyane y’i Kiruri, ngo iyi ntebe y’abasizi yaba n’igicumbi cy’umuhamirizo.
Umunyamabanga mukuru wa Komisiyo y’u Rwanda ikorana na UNESCO, Albert Mutesa, avuga ko biteguye na bo gufatanya n’abashaka ko habaho urugo rw’abasizi i Kiruri.
Agira ati “UNESCO iteza imbere umuco. Turabishyigikiye, kandi tuzaba turi kumwe n’abandi bose ngo dufatanye, urugo rw’abasizi rwifuzwa rushyirweho. Rwazatuma n’ubukerarugendo burushaho gutera imbere.”
Mu gihe uru rugo rugitekerezwaho (inyigo no gushaka abarwubaka), ababyeyi ngo bafite umukoro wo gukora ku buryo abana babo bazavamo abasizi bo mu gihe kizaza, nk’uko bivugwa na Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu nteko Nyarwanda y’ururimi n’umuco (RALC).
Agira ati “Bazaba abasizi nitubatoza kuvugana ikinyabupfura no kuvuga imvugo iboneye itavanzemo indimi z’amahanga. Umwana nakubwira ngo umutica (teacher) yambwiye, umubwire ko bavuga mwarimu. Navuga ngo yatahanye homuwaka (home work), umubwire ko yatahanye umukoro.”
Ni ku nshuro ya 20 umunsi mpuzamahanga w’ubusizi wizihizwa ku isi yose, ariko mu Rwanda ho watangiye kwizihizwa muri 2014.


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Abakobwa burya bagira uburyo bwabo bavugamo ibintu, cyane ko ubusanzwe bazwiho amasoni no kudapfa kwerura buri kintu bashaka kuvuga. Ubu rero ni bumwe mu buryo bwinshi abakobwa bakoresha bashaka kubenga abasore.
1.Ndatekereza ko uri nka musaza wanjye.
Mu gihe umukobwa wifuzaho kuba umukunzi akubwiye gutyo, jya wumva ko yashatse kukumvisha ko atakwishimiye kuburyo wamubera umukunzi. Kukwemerera ko uba nka musaza we ni uburyo bwo kukumvisha ko ibyo gukundana nawe biri kure nk’ukwezi kuko nyine utakundana na mushiki wawe.
2.Ndacyari umwana
N’ubwo tumenyereye ko abasore bashakana n’abakobwa baruta, mu gihe umukobwa wifuzaho umukunzi akubwiye ko akiri muto burya aba yumva umuruta cyane kuburyo nta rukundo rukwiye kuba hagati yanyu ahubwo we aba agufata nk’umugabo umubyaye.
3.Singukunda muri ubwo buryo
Ibi bikunze kuba mugihe wenda umukobwa mwigana cyangwa se mukorana bityo we akagukunda bisanzwe nka mugenzi we. Niba akubwiye gutyo rero ntugashidikanye cyangwa ngo uyoberwe icyo ashatse kuvuga. Burya we aba abona mudakwiranye kuburyo wamubera umukunzi cyangwa se nyine we akaba yumva nta rukundo agufitiye(atakwiyumvamo).
4.Nta gahunda ndafata
Mu gihe usabye umukobwa ko mwakundana akakubwira ko atarafata gahunda yo gukundana burya aba yifitiye abasore benshi akunda kandi batarabivuganaho byeruye ngo afate umwanzuro. Ibi rero bituma yirinda kwica ku wundi kuko aba yumva yazakubwira yego mu gihe azaba yabonye ko ahandi byanze. Mbese ubwo aba asa n’ukwibikiye kuburyo azakwemerera mu gihe ahandi ateganya byanze.
5.Mfite indi nshuti y’umuhungu
Ibi byo nta kubitindaho rwose mu gihe umukobwa afite umukunzi yiyumvamo kandi babanye neza, iyo atagira ingeso mbi yo gutendeka akubwira nyine ko inkweto yabonye iyayo.
6.Sinjya nganira n’abahungu aho nkorera/niga
Nuhura n’uruva gusenya umukobwa akakubwira gutyo nyamuneka jya umugendera kure. Iyo akubwiye gutyo burya aba ashaka kuvuga ko uretse no kuba yagukunda atanashimishwa no kuba hamwe nawe cyangwa kuganira nawe.
7.Ntituri ku rwego rumwe urandenze
Nusaba umukobwa kukubera umukunzi akakubwira ko umurenze jya uhita wumva ko we abona akurenze. Ikiyongera kuri ibi kandi burya aba ashaka kukumvisha ko ushobora kuba wirata/wishyira hejuru kandi atari rwo rwego uriho.
8.Mpugiye ku kazi kanjye/amashuri yanjye
Nk’uko bisanzwe n’ubundi ntihakundana imburamikoro. Mu gihe umukobwa umusabye kukubera umukunzi rero akakubwira gutyo jya wumva neza ko atakubona nk’umusore yaha umwanya cyangwa ngo aguteho igihe cye. Mbese mu kinyabupfura cye aba ashaka kukumvisha ko utamunyuze kuburyo mpapanga iby’urukundo.
9. Ntabwo nzashaka
Nk’uko bisanzwe bizwi, abakobwa hafi ya bose niba atari na bose ahubwo ; bifuza gushaka cyane ko ugumiwe usanga yarabaye iciro ry’imigani. Bityo rero umukobwa nakubwira ko atazashaka jya wumva ko akubona nk’inteshamutwe kandi mudakwiye kubana. Ibi na none bijya bigaragara ku bakobwa bikundira amaraha maze akifuza kwikundanira na buri wese ubishaka ngo akunde agire icyo amukuraho. Binabaho rimwe na rimwe ko umukobwa usanga aryamana n’umusore ariko akamubwira ko atazashaka. Ibi bivuga ko wowe utari umusore abonamo ko wamubera umugabo ubishoboye.
10.Tube inshuti zisanzwe
Mu gihe umukobwa akwereka ko agufitiye amarangamutima ariko akagusaba ko mwakwibera inshuti zisanzwe, burya aba agukunda ariko afite undi umwe cyangwa benshi ; cyane ko bene uwo aba akunda gutendeka. Birashoboka ariko na none ko abikubwira mu rwego rwo kukumvisha ko urukundo yifuza kugukunda ari urusanzwe rwa kivandimwe, ko akubonamo umusore mwiza ariko na none udakwiye kugera ku rugero rwo kumubera umukunzi.


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Bushoki : Abakobwa bakora ububoyi baterwa inda bakiri bato
Mu murenge wa Bushoki ho mu karere ka Rulindo haravugwa abana b’abakobwa bakora umwuga w’ububoyi bikababera intandaro yo guterwa inda bakiri bato.
Mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru baharanira amahoro PAX PRESS ku bufatanye n’impuzamiryango Pro femmes Twese hamwe, Nyiransabimana Clarisse, umukobwa wo mu murenge wa Bushoki akarere ka Rulindo yavuze ko bamwe muri bagenzi be batewe inda bakiri bato byatewe nuko bava mu miryango ikennye bigatuma bagana iy’ububoyi mu migi bagiye gukorera amafaranga, ba shebuja bakabatera inda bagasubira iwabo batwite.
Dusabimana Beatrice, Komiseri wa Komisiyo y’Ubutabera mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Abagore CNF mu karere ka Rulindo avuga ko ikibazo cy’abakobwa bakiri bato bakya mu buboyi kibahangayikishije kuko hari ubwo bagaruka baratewe inda ariko bakaba barafashe ingamba zo kubiganiraho mu mugoroba w’ababyeyi kugira ngo bakumire icyo kibazo.
Ibi bigarukwaho na Kamali Jean de Dieu, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Akari ka Gasiza, mu murenge wa Bushoki avuga ko ikibazo cy’abana babyarira iwabo bakiri batoya gihari, bamwe muri bo baba baratewe inda n’abagabo bakuze babakoresha mu ngo zabo. Asaba abayeyi kuba maso, bakareka ikintu cy’uburangare ahubwo bakajyana abana babo mu ishuri kandi bakirinda ikintu cyose cyatuma abana bata ishuri bakajya gukora umwuga w’ububoyi.
Kirazira gusambanya umwana
Kanakuze Jeanne D’arc, Perezidante w’Impuzamiryango Pro Femmes Twese hamwe avuga ko kizira kikaziririzwa gusambanya umwana.
Yagize ati, “Nta mwana w’umwangavu ukwiye gusambanywa, icyo ni ikintu gikomeye cyane, ntimukakijenjeke, mugiseka, ntabwo umwana w’umukobwa w’umwangavu abereyeho kugira ngo aterwe inda akiri umwana afite imyaka munsi ya 14 akavutswa amashuri ye, ababyeyi be bakamwamagana, ubwo ubuzima bwe bwose bukaba burapfuye. Gusambanya umwana w’umwangavu kirazira.”
Asaba abantu bose guhagurukira icyo kibazo usambanyije umwana agashyikirizwa ubutabera kandi buri wese akaba ijisho rya mugenzi we kandi bakirinda guhishira ibibazo nkibyo.
Ati, “Ntabwo umwana w’umukobwa yavukiye kugira ngo bamusambanye, ibyo ni ubunyamaswa, ibyo si iby’Abanyarwanda.”
Itegeko rishya rihana bikomeye usambanya umwana
Me Bwenge Jean Marie Vianney, umunyamategeko avuga ko buri wese agomba kuba inshuti y’amategeko akayamenya kuko icyaha cyo gusambanya abana gifite ibihano bikarishye.
Ati, “Ubu hasohotse itegeko rihana usambanya umwana w’umukobwa. Tugendeye ku biteganywa n’itegeko rigena ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange byasohotse mu kwezi kwa 9 uyu mwaka hari ibihano biteganyijwe bijyanye no gusambanya umwana, umuntu uwo ari we wese agomba kumenya ako ari icyaha.”
Yagize ati “Gusambanya umwana ni cyo gikorwa k’ihohoterwa gikorerwa abana dukunze guhura nacyo.” Asobanura icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana icyo bivuze mu gitabo cy’amategeko ahana y’u Rwanda.
Mu gitabo cy’amategeko gihari ubu ngubu kirimo gukoreshwa mu Rwanda cyasohotse ku itariki 27/9/2018 basobanura icyo gusambanya umwana bivuze.
“ Umwana ni umuntu utarageza ku myaka 18, ni we gusambanya umwana bavuga mu gitabo, umuntu wese ukorera ku mwana kimwe mu bikorwa bishingiye ku gitsina bikurikira, abakoze icyaha : Gushyira igitsina mu gitsina, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu kanwa k’umwana, gushyira urugingo urwo ari rwo rwose rw’umubiri w’umuntu mu gitsina cyangwa mu kibuno cy’umwana, gukora ikindi gikorwa cyose ku mubiri w’umwana hagamijwe ishimishamubiri.”
Akomeza agira ati “Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka makumyabiri ariko kitarenze imyaka 25.”
Uretse ibyo, Asobanura ko mu gitabo cy’amategeko cyasohotse ku itariki 27/9/2018 akaba ari cyo gikoreshwa mu Rwanda ngo iyo gusambanya umwana byakorewe ku mwana uri munsi y’imyaka cumi n’ine (14), igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanywa kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha.
Yagize ati “Iyo gusambanya ufite cyangwa urengeje imyaka cumi n’ine (14) byamuteye indwara idakira cyangwa ubumuga, igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu.”
Iyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nk’umugabo n’umugore, igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu kidashobora kugabanywa kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha.
Iyo icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana cyakozwe hagati y’abana bafite nibura imyaka 14 nta kiboko cyangwa ibikangisho byakoreshejwe, nta gihano gitangwa.
Icyakora ngo iyo umwana ufite imyaka 14 ariko utarageza ku myaka 18 asambanyije umwana uri munsi y’imyaka cumi n’ine ahanwa ngo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’amategeko mu ngingo ya 54 y’iri tegeko.
Urwego rw’Igihugu Rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha RIB, ruravuga ko mu byaha byakozwe byo gusambanya abana kuva mu 2015 mu rwego rw’igihugu, rwakiriye ibirego 1505, muri 2016 rwakira 1577, mu 2017 bakira ibirego 2135, mu 2018 rwakira ibirego 1830.


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William Leonard Roberts II wamamaye ku izina rya Rick Ross mu muziki ni umwe mu baraperi bakomeye muri America akaba n’umuherwe utunze akayabo ka miliyoni 45 z’amadolari. Yahishuye ko yabonye uruhushya rumwemerera gutwara imodoka nyuma y’igihe kinini ntarwo agira. Uyu muraperi yavuze ko yakoze ibizamini byo mu muhanda inshuro nyinshi atsindwa gusa kuri ubu yaruhawe.
Mu kiganiro Good Morning America kinyura kuri televiziyo mpuzamahanga ya CBS, Rick Ross wari umutumirwa yavuze byinshi bitari bisanzwe bizwi ku buzima bwe harimo nko kuba atunze imodoka nyinshi zirenga 90 gusa akaba atarabashaga gutwara n’imwe muri zo. Mu magambo ye yagize ati: ’’Ntunze imodoka zirenga 90 ariko nta n’imwe nabashaga gutwara kuko nahoranaga umuntu untwara buri munsi kuko nta ruhushya nagiraga’’.
Yakomeje agira ati: ’’Abantu benshi bo muri Miami na Atlanta bakundaga kumbona ntwawe n’umushoferi bakagirango ni bya bindi by’abasitari badakunda kwitwara, gusa njyewe mu by’ukuri nuko ntaruhushya nagiraga’’.
Abajijwe impamvu nta ruhushya yagiraga kandi atunze imodoka nyinshi, Rick Ross yasubije ati: ’’Nakoze ibizamini inshuro nyinshi ndatsindwa ngera aho ndabireka mpitamo gushaka shoferi, gusa nyuma nza kongera gukora ikizamini kuko nashakaga kwereka abana banjye ko Se atari umuntu ucika intege byoroshye maze mpita nsinda noneho’’.
Uretse kuba yabivuze kuri televiziyo Rick Ross yanabishyize mu gitabo aheruka gusohora cyitwa ’The Perfect Day To Boss Up’’ aho yabwiye abantu ati’’Ntibizaguce intege igihe ushaka ikintu ntukigereho ako kanya ukiri muto, reba nkanjye nabonye uruhushya rwo gutwara mfite imyaka 45, kuba narabishatse kuva cyera nkabibura ntibyatumye mbireka burundu’’. Kugeza ubu Rick Ross yavuze ko afite ibyishimo kuba yabonye uruhushya rumwemerera gutwara ibinyabiziga.
Ref:thesource.com


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Umuhanzikazi w’indirimbo zihimbaza Imana Butera Deborah yatangaje ko agiye gukora igitaramo (concert)cyo kuramya no guhimbaza Imana agamije kwamamaza Kristo binyuze mu bihangano bye, maze akanamurikira abakunzi be Album ye yitwa “Aramfite”.
Ibi yabitangaje kuri uyu wa gatanu taliki ya 29 Werurwe 2019,aho akangurira abantu batandukanye kuzitabira iki gitaramo cyitwa “Aramfite live concert”kizaba taliki ya 26 z’ukwezi kwa gatanu 2019.
Mu kiganiro uyu muhanzikazi Butera Deborah yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru cy’Isezerano.com ,yavuze byinshi kuri iki gitaramo,anatangariza abantu ko iki gitaramo(konseri)kizaba kigamije kwamamaza izina rya Yesu.
Yagize ati :”mfite igitaramo cyitwa “Aramfite live concert” kizaba kuwa 26 Gicurasi 2019,iki kizaba ari igitaramo cyo kuramya no guhimbaza Imana gifite intego yo kwamamaza izina rya Yesu Kristo binyuze mu bihangano byanjye.Muri iki gitaramo nzanashyira hanze bwa mbere Album y’indirimbo z’amajwi yitwa “Aramfite”.
Umuhanzikazi w’indirimbo zihimbaza Imana Butera Deborah asengera mu itorero rya Kanombe worship center.Yatangiye ubuhanzi mu mwaka wa 2015,akaba ari nabwo yasohoye indirimbo ye ya mbere yitwa Aramfite akaba ari nayo yitiriye Album azashyira ahagaragara muri iki gitaramo kizaba mu kwa gatanu.
Muri iki gitaramo,Uyu muhanzikazi azaba ari kumwe n’abaririmbyi batandukanye azabatangariza mu minsi mike iri imbere.Butera Debora akaba yifuriza abantu bose kuzaza muri iki gitaramo kuko yizeye ko bazahabwa umugisha.


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Dore amagambo umugore aba agomba kwirinda kubwira umugabo we kuko nta kindi yungura urugo usibye kurusenya:
1.Kumugereranya n’umukunzi wawe wa kera
Ntuzibeshye na rimwe ngo uvuge ijambo ryaba rigereranya umukunzi wawe wa kera n’umugabo wawe niyo waba utekereza ko byamushimisha nko kuba wenda hari ibyo umugabo wawe arusha uwari umukunzi wawe wa cyera. Uko wavuga kose waba uvuga umukunzi wawe wa cyera neza cyangwa se nabi bituma umugabo yumva ko ukimutekereza
2.Kumubwira ko wifuza ko akora nk’uko inshuti zawe zakubwiye
Abagore benshi bakunda gukora iri kosa batabizi bakabwira abagabo babo gukora nkuko inshuti zabo zababwiye. Niba ushaka ko umugabo wawe ajya agufasha imirimo yo mu rugo si byiza ko umuha urugero ngo : “Uzi ko umugore dukorana we yabwiye ko umugabo we amufasha koza ibyombo akanoza abana !” Ntukavuge na rimwe ijambo rishobora gutuma umugabo atekereza ko ibitekerezo by’abandi aribyo mugenderaho mu rukundo rwanyu.
3.Kwifuza ko akora nka runaka
Ibi bijya kumera nk’ingingo tumaze kuvugaho ariko noneho ho ntabwo uba uvuga ibyo wumvise ahubwo uba uhamya ibyo wabonye. Urugero ushobora kuba ushaka ko umugabo wawe agufata nkuko papa wawe yafataga mama wawe, niba umugabo agusabye ko umuterera ipasi ukaba uramubwiye uti: “ Abagabo b’iki gihe sinzi uko mumeze, ubuse ko Data yitereraga ipasi byamutwaraga iki ?”
4.Kumubwira ko udakunda inshuti ze
Si byiza ko umubwira umugabo wawe ko udakunda inshuti ze ngo umuhitiremo abo agomba gukunda nabo agomba kureka.
5.Kumubwira ko ushidikanya ku rukundo rwe
Akenshi ibi abagore bakunda kubikoresha nk’umutego batega abagabo babo mu gihe hari ibyo bifuza ko babakorera bigatuma babwira abagabo babo ko bashidikanya ku rukundo rwabo.
Urugero umugore ashobora kuba yifuza ko umugabo we ajya umuhamagara kenshi kandi wenda umugabo we ataribwo buryo akoresha mu kumuwereka urukundo, akaba aramubwiye ati : “ Iyo uza kuba unkunda wari kuba umpamagara ukanyifuriza ibihe byiza”. Ibyo bituma umugabo acika intege kuko hari ubwo usanga we akoresha ubundi buryo mu kwereka umugore we urukundo ariko ntabibone bigatuma amushidikanyaho.
6.Kubwira umugabo ko atitwara nk’abagabo
Hari ubwo umugabo wawe aba yikundira kumenya ibikorerwa mu rugo byose kandi akaba ariko ateye noneho wowe ukumva bikubangamiye, aho kubiganiraho ukajya umubwira ngo “ Nta mugabo wagiye mu gikoni, nta mugabo wakoze ibi…, ako ka jamba ka nta mugabo kaba gashatse kumubwira ko atitwara nk’abagabo.
7.Kumugaya
Ushobora kuba ugaya umugabo wawe yakora ikosa uti ibi nibyo uhora ukora, naho ngo icyiza nta na rimwe ajya agikora. Ibyo bituma umugabo yumva ko uri kumurwanya nawe agashaka kwirwanirira mukaba muratonganye.
Niba hari ikintu runaka atakoze neza jya wirinda kubivuga muri rusange, urase kuri icyo gikorwa. Niba umugabo wawe atashye kare kandi yari asanzwe ataha atinze wihita utanguranwa ngo : “ Ko utashye kare kandi wari umenyereye ijoro se noneho habaye iki ra ? Iyo umubwiye utyo uko byagenda kose yumva ko umushoyeho intambara nawe aba agomba kwitabara.


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Hari abantu ushobora gufata nk’incuti zawe ndetse ukaba wanashaka kubagisha inama ,ku bijyanye numuntu muri kumwe mu rukundo gusa siko bose bakugira inama nziza.Ni yo mpamvu tugiye kureba abo udakwiye kugisha inama mu rukundo.
Dore inshuti ukwiriye kwitondera kugisha inama :
1.Umunyeshyari
Umuntu wiyita inshuti yawe ariko akakugirira ishyari ujye umugendera kure kandi inama ze ujye uzitondera. Umuntu wiyita inshuti yawe ariko wamubwira ikintu cyiza cyakubayeho aho kugirango afatanye nawe mu byishimo agahita ashakisha Ikindi kintu kuri we cyiza kurusha ibyawe. Mbese buri gihe agashakisha uburyo ibye byaba ari byiza kurenza ibyawe uwo nta nshuti imurimo ahubwo ni umunyeshyari.
2.Utamarana n’umukunzi kabiri
Bene ya nshuti yawe ihora ihindaguranganya abakunzi ashobora kutakugira inama nzima kuko kuri we ashobora kuba atekereza ko igihe ikibazo kihe hagati yawe n’uwo mukundana nta mpamvu yo kwivuna ahubwo wahindura ugashaka undi. Kandi mu by’ukuri n’abanyarwanda baravuga ngo nta zibana zidakomanya amahembe.
3.Utemera ko urukundo rubaho
Burya mu nshuti ushobora kugira umwe utemera ko n’urukundo rubaho. Bene uwo ashobora kukugira inama itariyo mu by’urukundo kuko n’ubundi we ntarwemera, ntaruha uburemere.
4.Utajya abika ibanga
Uyu na we nukumugendera kure nah’ubundi wazasanga inkuru yawe izwi n’abantu bose. Burya umuntu utazi kubika ibanga kandi ugira amagambo umubwirwa n’uko nawe akubwira amabanga y’abandi kandi utanayamubajije. Umuntu wicara akakubwira ubuzima bwa runaka cyangwA ibyabaye kuri runaka nawe igihe mutari kumwe ibyawe azabibwira abandi.
5.Umuntu wumva ko azi ibintu byose kandi ko atajya yibeshya
Bene wa muntu uhora yumva ko ahora mukuri, ko ibye bihora ari bizima kandi ko atajya yibeshya ashobora kuba ari umuntu utazi gusesengura neza kandi udaca bugufi. Bene uwo nawe inama ze nukuzitondera kuko zishobora kukuyobya.


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N’ ubwo gufuha bigaragara cyane mu bakundana b’ ingeri zose, kandi rimwe na rimwe bikaba bikenewe kuko bituma abakundana bakomeza guhorana hafi ndetse n’ ikibatsi cy’ urukundo kikabahora mu mitima, ni byiza ko ifuhe ritarenga urugero kuko ryakwangiza byinshi mu rukundo rwa babiri.
Ifuhe ry’indengakamere rishobora guteza ibibazo byinshi mu rukundo, bishobora no kugera ku gusenyuka kw’ ama-kupule (couple) menshi igihe hatagize igikorwa amazi atararenga inkombe. Ku bw’ibyo rero, birakenewe ko ifuhe rifatirwa ibyemezo ritararenga urugero.
Mu by’ ukuri ntabwo bikwiye ko wagira uruhare urwo ari rwo rwose mu ihungabana ry’ umubano wawe n’ umukunzi wawe, igihe ufite amakuru ahagije ku muntu mu kundana kandi n’ ibikorwa byose akora ukaba ubona impamvu yabyo (urugero: niba agiye mu ntara ukaba uzi neza ko agiye mu kazi ke).
Burya ubumenyi ni imbaraga. Igihe rero ushoboye kumenya aho ifuhe ryawe rituruka, ndetse n’ iryo ari ryo biba ari intambwe mu gutsinda cyangwa se kugenzura ifuhe ryawe.
Ese namenya nte ifuhe ryanjye iryo ari ryo?
Hafi y’ abantu bose iyo bafuha mu rukundo rwabo, baba bumva bemerewe igikorwa barimo, bakanumva ko bari mu kuri kabone yewe n’iyo nta gihamya bafite.
Ntabwo ari gake ko abantu bafuha ubundi bagahita bahindura ubusa ibintu byose bagezeho mu rukundo rwabo. Kuri bene uyu muntu, buri gihe inkomoko y’ uko gufuha ayirebera kuri mugenzi we; ashobora kuba ari uwo bakundana cyangwa se undi wundi uri gushaka kumutwarira umukunzi.
Nyamara, burya inkomoko yo gufuha ntabwo ari itegeko ko iba ari ikosa rya mugenzi wawe. Hari igihe riterwa n’ ubwoba wifitemo.
Aha ariko, sinshatse kuvuga ko ubwo bwoba ari bubi. Hoya rwose si icyo nshatse kuvuga! Ubwoba buri muri kamere ya muntu mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, dukomora ku bakurambere bacu; bukadufasha gukenga kugira ngo dukomeze kubaho mu buzima. Ubwoba igihe cyose bufite impamvu navuga ko ari bwiza.
Cyakora igihe ntaho ubwo bwoba bushingiye cyangwa bukaba bushingiye ku byo wibwira cyangwa se bikurangaza utanafitiye gihamya (nk’ uko bikunze kugenda mu rukundo rwa babiri) bushobora kukugirira nabi kurusha uko bwakugirira neza. Aha rero ntabwo watsinda ifuhe ryawe ijana ku ijana igihe cyose ikiritera kitarakemuka.
Ikibazo: Ese ni ikihe kintu cya mbere nakora ngo mbashe kugenzura ifuhe ryanjye?
Igisubizo: Tekereza neza, utsinde ubwoba muri wowe.
Mu kugenzura ifuhe, banza wemere ko wafushye
Burya ngo ibuye ryagaragaye ntiriba rikishe isuka. Intambwe ya mbere muri uru rugamba ni ukubanza ukamenya ko wifitemo gufuha, bitabaye ibyo ntabwo wanesha ifuhe ryawe, cyangwa se ngo urifatire igisubizo gikwiye.
Waba ufite ibimenyetso bituma ufuha cyangwa se nta nibyo ufite, ugomba kubanza kwemera ko ufite ikibazo cyo gufuha kugira ngo ubashe kukirenga. Igihe uzaba wageze kuri uru rwego ushobora noneho gukomereza ku zindi nzego twagaragaje haruguru ni ukuvuga gusha ikigutera iryo fuhe ry’umurengera ndetse n’uko wakwitandukanya nacyo.


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Mu minsi ishize ku mbuga nkoranyambaga hacicikanye inkuru ivuga uko abakobwa bazitabira umwiherero wa Miss Rwanda 2019 hari ibikoresho bitari bicye batumwe. Abantu benshi basamiye hejuru uru rutonde bahamya ko byaba ari ukugora ndetse no guca intege abakozwa bazajya mu mwiherero.
Ibi byatumye Inyarwanda yegera ubuyobozi bwa Rwanda Inspiration Back Up itegura Miss Rwanda mu rwego rwo kugira ngo tumenye neza icyihishe inyuma y'ibi bivugwa. Ishimwe Dieudonne umuyobozi wa Rwanda Inspiration Back Up isanzwe itegura iri rushanwa yabwiye umunyamakuru ko ari byo koko ibi bikoresho ari ibyo basabye abakobwa kutibagirwa igihe bazaba bagiye mu mwiherero.
Yagize ati" None se koko ubusanzwe aba bakobwa hari icyo mwabonye twabatumye batari basanzwe bafite? None se abakobwa basanzwe batambara iwabo. Tuvuge se ko umuntu azaza akavuga ko afite impano runaka adafite uko atwereka iyo mpano? Icyo mugomba kumenya no kwibuka tubatuma ibi bikoresho n'ibindi nkenerwa mu mwiherero wa Miss Rwanda ntabwo twigeze tubasaba kuzana ibishya ahubwo bagomba kwitwaza ibyo basanzwe bakoresha mu buzima busanzwe."
Umunyamakuru ahereye ku cya mbere kugeza ku cya nyuma mu bikoresho aba bakobwa batumwe, yabajije uyu muyobozi niba babona bataragoye abakobwa bazitabira uyu mwiherero, Ishimwe Dieudonne atangaza ko batigeze bagora na gato aba bakobwa ahubwo bagerageje kuborohereza babibutsa ibikenewe kugira ngo umukobwa yitabire irushanwa ameze neza.
Twamubajije niba abaterankunga bari basanzwe muri Miss Rwanda barakuyemo ibyo bafashaga aba bakobwa,Ishimwe Dieudonne avuga ko atari ko byagenze ahubwo yibutsa abantu ko umuntu ari we umenya ibimubereye ati" Ubuse umukobwa azamara ibyumweru bibiri yambaye imyambaro y'abaterankunga gusa? Bagomba kuzana iyabo kuko nibo bazi ibabera kandi nta mishya twabatumye, twabatumye iyo basanzwe bambara."
Ishimwe Dieudonne yabajijwe n'umunyamakuru iby'ubwishingizi abakobwa batumwe, adutangariza ko abakobwa batumwe ubwisungane basanzwe bakoresha mu kwivuza. Yagize ati" None se ubu hari umukobwa udakoresha mituwele? Nutayifite ndahamya hari ubundi bwishingizi afite yivurizaho. Twabatumye ubwishingizi kuko tuzi ko babufite nta munyarwanda ubaho udafite ubwishingizi bwo kwivurizaho."
Abakobwa bazajya mu mwiherero wa Miss Rwanda2019
Yakomeje avuga ko impamvu byasakuje muri uyu mwaka ari uko byagiye hanze ariko ahamya ko no mu myaka yose ishize ibyo batumye abakobwa n'ubundi babibatumaga, ahubwo ngo kubera ko bakunze kugenda hari ibyo bibagirwa bakongera kubituma iwabo ugasanga bavuna ababyeyi. Kuri ubu rero ngo bongeye kubibutsa urutonde rw'ibyo bagomba kujya mu mwiherero bitwaje.
Tubibutse ko umwiherero wa Miss Rwanda utegerejwe gutangira ku Cyumweru tariki 13 Mutarama 2019 ukazarangira tariki 26 Mutarama 2019 mu birori byo gutora Nyampinga w'u Rwanda w'uyu mwaka bizabera i Rusororo muri Intare Conference Arena.
REBA URUTONDE RW'IBIKORESHO ABAKOBWA BATUMWE;
1. Ikanzu nziza yo
kuzakoresha mu gufata amafoto
2. Ikanzu imwe nziza yo kuzakoresha ku munsi wa nyuma(Grand Finale)
3. Amakoboyi atanu
4. Inkweto ndende(High heels)
5. Ibikoresho bya make up
6. Ikanzu yo gusohokana muri cocktail
7. Ibikoresho uzakoresha werekana talent yawe;urugero nka gitari,ingoma
8. Ubwiteganyirize bw’ubuzima(assurance)
9. Ikanzu ya Made in Rwanda
10. Umupira w’imbeho
11. Ibaruwa ikwemerera kwitabira Miss Rwanda iturutse ku babyeyi cyangwa ukurera
12. Agatabo n’ikaramu bya Cogebank (Ibi abakobwa babihawe n'umuterankunga bibutswaga kubyitwaza)


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Korali Ijwi ry’Umwami Yesu ibarizwa mu itorero rya ADEPR Paroisse ya Kacyiru, umudugudu wa Kacyiru yamenyekanye cyane mu ndirimbo 'Inuma zaho ziraguguza numva' n'izindi zitandukanye, yamaze gushyira hanze indirimbo nshya yise 'Icyemezo cy'umurima' ivuga ku cyemezo umuntu afata cyo guhitamo kwakira agakiza, akabikora nta muntu wundi umuhase.
Chorale Ijwi ry’Umwami Yesu yatangiye umurimo w'ivugabutumwa mu mwaka wa 1991 akaba ari nayo korali nkuru muri Paroisse ya ADEPR Kacyiru. Ubu igizwe n'abaririmbyi basaga 100 bari mu byiciro byose ariko abenshi bakaba bari hejuru y'imyaka 30 barimo; abikorera, abakorera leta, abakorera ibigo byigenga,... Kugeza ubu imaze gushyira hanze indirimbo nyinshi zitandukanye, mu zamenyekanye cyane hakaba harimo; 'Inuma zaho ziraguguza numva'.
Korali Ijwi ry'Umwami Yesu igizwe n'abantu barenga 100
Chorale Ijwi ry’Umwami Yesu yakomeje gukora indirimbo zitandukanye hakaba hari izikiri muri studio ariko hakabamo n'indi yasohotse kuri iki cyumweru turimo yakunzwe cyane yitwa 'Icyemezo cy'Umutima'. Ni indirimbo iri mu njyana yo kuramya no guhimbaza Imana (slow), ikaba ifite ubutumwa bukenewe cyane muri ibi bihe turimo aho abantu benshi batakibasha kujya guteranira mu nsengero kubera icyorezo cya Covid-19.
Ni indirimbo ibwira abantu ko "Gukizwa ari icyemezo umuntu afata ku giti cye kandi uwagifashe abayeho neza anezerewe" nk'uko byashimangiwe na Aimable Niyompuhwe Perezida wa Korali Ijwi ry'Umwami Yesu, mu kiganiro yagiranye na InyaRwanda.com aho yagize ati "Mu yandi magambo bivuga ko umuntu atakagombye kuva mu byo yizeye ngo asubire mu byaha kubera ko tutari kubasha guteranira hamwe dusenga".
Korali Ijwi ry'Umwami Yesu yashyize hanze indirimbo nshya bise 'Icyemezo cy'umutima'
UMVA HANO INDIRIMBO NSHYA 'ICYEMEZO CY'UMUTIMA' YA KORALI IJWI RY'UMWAMI YESU
REBA HANO INDIRIMBO 'INUMA ZAHO ZIRAGUGUZA NUMVA


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Ni mu gikorwa PAC irimo cyo kwaka ibisobanuro inzego n’ibigo bya Leta ku micungire mibi y’imari yagaragajwe na Raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta ya 2019-2020.
Ubusesenguzi bwa PAC kuri iyo raporo bwerekanye ko imikorere ya “E-procurement” idahwitse ku buryo hagaragaramo ibyuho byateza igihombo Leta na ba rwiyemezamirimo.
Nta buryo ifite bwo kugarura amakuru (recovery) mu gihe yaba igize ibibazo cyangwa ngo igire ahandi iyabika (backup) ku buryo akenewe bayahashakira.
Umuyobozi w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya RPPA, Namara Hannington, yasobanuye ko “E-Procurement” ari uburyo bushya ndetse yemera ko bugaragaramo ibyuho koko ariko ko ari cyo gihe cyo kubishakira ibisubizo cyane ko umushinga nyir’izina wo kubwubaka umaze gukomera.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RPPA, Uwingeneye Joyeuse, yabwiye PAC ko Raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru yakozwe mu gihe hari hatangiye gushakwa uko “recovery” yashyirwamo, naho “backup” hakaba hakoreshwa iya RPPA.
Yakomeje ati “Ariko nyuma yaho hari amabwiriza RISA yasohoye yajyanaga no gukora ibyo n’andi mabwiriza abishingiyeho. Kugeza ubu rero tubigeze kure, navuga ko tugeze kuri 90% tubishyira mu bikorwa, twizera ko biterenze mu Ukwakira [2021] tuzaba tubifite.”
Amasoko 13 ya miliyari 31 Frw yatangiwe kuri “E-procurement” mu buryo butemewe
Raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta yagaragaje ko imikorere idahwitse y’ubwo buryo bwo gutanga amasoko ya Leta hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga yatumye hatangwa 13 afite agaciro karenga 31.055.000.000 Fw mu buryo butemewe.
PAC yavuze ko icyo cyuho cyatumye abakoresheje uburyo buboneye batabona amasoko ahubwo abakoresheje ubutaboneye akaba ari bo bayahabwa.
Yanagaragaje ko muri “E-Procurement” hatinze kugaragazwa amakuru y’abatemerewe gupiganira amasoko ya Leta, aho hari ba rwiyemezamirimo bane “bakingiwe ikibaba” bakayahabwa kandi batari ku rutonde rw’abemerewe kuyahabwa.
Ibyo byatumye Abadepite bavuga ko batewe impungenge n’uko haba hari n’ibindi bibazo byabayeho mbere Raporo itagaragaje dore ko nubwo “E-procurement” iri kwitwa iya vuba yatangiye mu 2016-2017.
Perezida wa PAC, Muhakwa Valens, yagize ati “Ntabwo wavuga ngo ugiye gukora igerageza noneho ugeragereze ku kunyuranya n’itegeko. Mwagombye kuba mwarashyizeho ubwo buryo mwizeye neza ko bukora. Kuko niba butanga miliyari 31 Frw mu buryo bunyuranye n’amategeko ubwo urumva noneho icyizere abantu bazabugirira. Aho ntitugiye mu bibazo abayikoresha bagiye batugaragariza mu buryo burambuye.”
Uwingeneye yivugiye ubwe ko amasoko yose atanyuzwa kuri “E-Procurement”, abadepite baboneraho kumubaza bati “Niba hari amasoko atahanyuzwa kandi n’amakuru ya ba rwiyemezamirimo batemerewe guhatana ntahaboneke, murabona atari ikibazo?”
RPPA yagaragaje ko yatangiye kuzana impinduka hakosorwa ibitaragendaga neza muri ubwo buryo ndetse ibyinshi bikaba byarakosotse.
Hannington Namara yashimiye PAC na Raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru wa Leta ku bwo kugaragaza ibyuho biri muri “E-procurement” asezeranya kubikemura mu maguru mashya.


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Monthly Archives: April 2016
Umwakagara yohereje umwuka w’uburiganya n’umwuka w’ikiyoma mu bwami bw’uRwanda bukorera mubuhungiro!
April 29, 2016 Ijambo ry’Uhoraho rinzaho maze rirambwira riti,mwana w’umuntu,dore mu minsi iri mbere umwakagara agiye guhura nakaga gakomeye cyane kuko ishyaka rye rya FPR/RPF(Abatutsi) bamazee kubona yuko ingoma yabo yarangiye bikaba bizatuma ubuzima bwabo buzarangirira muri gereza nk’uko byagendekeye MRND (Abahutu) none dore bahimbye amayeri yo kwitandukanya n’umwakagara kugirango bizabe urwitwazo bazakresha mu manza bazaregwamo murukiko mpuzamahanga uko niko Uwiteka avuga.
Abacunguwe n’Umwami Yesu
Gukosora umurongo wa mathayo 6:23
RPF igiye gucikamo ibice (3)


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Monthly Archives: January 2019
Igice cy’i (104) cy’ubuhanuzi
28 jan, 2019 njyanwa mu iyerekwa muri gakondo ya bakiranutsi,mbona ingabo za RDF,ziyoborwa n’Abega bacyeya (abayobozi) zitangira kugira ubwoba bwo kurwana intambara ibugarije ya batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Abega,mbona izo ngabo za RDF,nazo zitangira kwanga kurwanira ubwami bwa abega ahubwo zishyigikiye abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’Agatsiko kabicanyi kagizwe n’ingoma ya Abega uko niko Uhoraho Uwiteka Imana nyiringabo abivuga.
Inama yo kugambanira “NYAMPINGA”wavuzwe n’Uwiteka ibera mu gikari cy’ubwami bw’uRwanda.
24 jan, 2019 njyanwa mu iyerekwa mbona manuka mu butayu bugufiya ndi kumwe n’umwuka wurukoza soni.Nzenguruka ubutayu bugufiya nshakisha aho nakura amazi yo kunywa ngo nice inyota ariko ndaheba.


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Huye: Abarimu b’indashyikirwa bashimiwe bahiga kurera abana bafite indangagaciro z’umunyarwanda
Nta gushidikanya! Guhera kuri wowe ugiye gusoma iyi nkuru ubwo bumenyi bugufasha gutandukanya inyajwi n’iyindi nta handi wabukuye uretse imbere ya mwarimu ufasha umuntu guhera mu mashuri y’incuke, abo bishobokeye bagakomeza, bakaminuza bakavamo abayobozi bakomeye, ibyamamare n’ibindi bibahesha icyuhahiro. Kwiyubaka n’iterambere ry’umuntu n’igihugu byose bikeshwa uburere n’ubumenyi byatanzwe na Mwarimu, umusanzu we kandi ugaragarira mu […]Continue Reading


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Abanyamuryango b’Umwalimu Sacco hari ibyo basaba muri 2018
Yanditswe na admin
Abanyamuryango ba koperative Umwalimu Sacco barasaba ubuyobozi bwayo gushyira mu bikorwa ibyumvikanyweho mu myanzuro y’inteko rusange yo ku itariki 26 Werurwe n’iyo ku ya 30 Nzeri 2017 harimo no kugaragaza ibyagezweho ndetse n’ibitaragerwaho bikongerwamo ingufu mu 2018. Ibyo ni ibyagarutsweho mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo y’inteko rusange ya koperative Umwalimu Sacco yabaye ku wa 27 Ukuboza 2017.
Perezida w’inama y’ubugenzuzi muri koperative Umwalimu Sacco Siborurema Tito, nk’uhagarariye abanyamuryango akomoza ku myanzuro, atangaza ko benshi bifuje ko umugenzuzi yajya agaragaza ibyiza ariko n’ibitagenda neza akabigaragaza kugira ngo bibonerwe ibisubizo bihamye.
Atangaza ko bifuje ko Umwalimu Sacco yajya ifungura imiryango mu mashami yose ikoreramo ku munsi wa gatandatu kimwe nk’iyindi yose hanyuma ikaruhuka ku munsi wo ku cyumweru kandi ngo ibyo byamaze kubahirizwa nk’uko byari byifujwe.
Siborurema mu myanzuro, hanifujwemo kunoza ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo serivisi zirusheho kwihutishwa ndetse hanarebwa ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mu mashami y’Umwalimu Sacco kuko abanyamuryango bagaragaje ko mu mashami amwe n’amwe y’iyo koperative usanga hari ibikoresho adafite.
Gusa Siborurema atangaza ko kuri uwo mwanzuro hari ibikoresho byabonetse hakaba n’ibindi bitaraboneka kandi bisabwa kwihutishwa birimo utumashini tubara amafaranga kuko abakorera kuri za gishe (guichet) babara bifashishije intoki.
Nk’uko yakomeje abitangaza, undi mwanzuro wasabaga kongera umugabane shingiro ukava ku 10 000 ukagera 40 000 uhereye muri Mutarama 2018 bikazarangirana na 2020, ndetse asobanura ko byamenyeshejwe abanyamuryango bose kandi byakiriwe neza.
Abanyamuryango bishingira abandi ngo bahabwe inguzanyo nyuma bakambura, avuga ko hasabwe kujya batanga amakuru y’uwaranzwe n’ubunyangamugayo buke kugira ngo koperative ibe yafatira ingwate ubundi yishyure.
Bifuza kandi amahugurwa y’abanyamuryango kugira ngo babashe guhanga imishinga, ibyo kandi byiyongeraho kuba hari amashami ya Umwalimu SACCO akorera ahantu hadatunganye ahakwiye rimwe ugasanga ari no mu ishuri.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa koperative yo kubitsa no kuguriza “Umwalimu Sacco” Uwambaje Laurence, yizeza abanyamuryango ikoranabuhanga mu mikorere ya serivisi itanga kugira ngo zibashe kwihuta kandi zinoge.
Asaba abanyamuryango kwishimira ko hakozwe ibishoboka byose mu 2017 kugira ngo umutungo ugende wiyongera kubera inguzanyo basaba bagatanga inyungu.
Uwambaje avuga ko 2018 koperative izibanda mu bindi bijyanye no guhugura abanyamuryango bayo bakongererwa ubumenyi kugira ngo bamenye uburyo bategura imishinga, uburyo bawushyira mu bikorwa n’uko bakurikirana uko ugenda ubinjiriza buhoro buhoro ari nayo mpamvu hateganyijwe amahugurwa mu bijyanye no gukora imishinga no kuyikurikirana.
Uwambaje avuga ko ubugenzuzi koperative Umwalimu Sacco yakoze mu bwagaragaje ko hari igihinduka mu banyamuryango bamaze guhabwa ayo mahugurwa.
Avuga ko umwaka wa 2018 uzagira impinduka kuri koperative Umwalimu Sacco ku bijyanye no gutanga serivisi nziza ku banyamuryango ku byo koperative ikora byose haba no mu kubaha inguzanyo.
Agira ati “Ahantu tuzashyira imbaraga cyane muri uyu mwaka wa 2018, ni ukureba ibibangamira serivisi dutanga byose bikagenda bikanakosorwa bikanagaragazwa cyane cyane nk’ihuzanzira (Netwark) ivugwaho gutinda, icyo gihe tuzakorana n’abandi bayishinzwe kuko atari twe tuyitanga kugira ngo abantu babone ibyo bakeneye ku gihe”.
Usibye ibyo ibyagaragajwe nk’ibyifuzo by’abanyamuryango, banatangarijwe ko hari intambwe yatewe mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga iyo koperative yatangiye n’ibindi biteganywa muri uyu mwaka wa 2018 ndetse n’ibitaranoga neza bigenda bifatirwa ingamba zo kubivugurura.
SEZIBERA ANSELME


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Abize mu myaka ya za 2000 na mbere yaho bazi uko mu mashuri yo mu Rwanda byari byifashe. Igikoresho cy’ibanze umwana utangiye abanza yitwazaga ni urubaho n’itushi. Kuri ubu abana batangira gukirigita mudasobwa bakiri mu y’abanza.
Uru rubaho kubera imiterere yarwo byasabaga ko urukoresha mu gihe yarwanditseho rukuzura asiba kugira ngo abone aho yandika ibindi ariko icyabaga kigoye cyane ni igihe rumenetseho amazi cyangwa runyagiwe, ibyarwo byabaga birangiye.
Imyigire yatangiye kwinjizwamo ikoranabuhanga aho abanyeshuri kuva mu cyiciro cy’abanza bashyikirizwa mudasobwa bifashisha.
Mu 2008 ni bwo leta yatangije gahunda ya “One Laptop per Child” hagamijwe kuvugurura imyigire y’abo mu mashuri abanza ikajyana n’ikoranabuhanga.
Imibare y’inzego z’uburezi mu Rwanda igaragaza ko mu bigo by’amashuri 1523 byo hirya no hino mu gihugu hatanzwe mudasobwa zisaga ibihumbi 275.
Mu gihe abenshi bakoraga kuri mudasobwa bwa mbere bageze mu yisumbuye, ubu abarezi bishimira ko noneho abarangiza amashuri abanza baba bayifiteho ubumenyi bw’ibanze.
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare yerekana ko abazi gukoresha mudasobwa mu bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 15 na 24 bavuye ku 6.5% mu 2010 bagera ku 10.9 mu 2014, mu 2017 baba 10.5% naho mu 2020 bari bageze kuri 15.2%.
Nibura kugeza mu 2019, amashuri y’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka icyenda agera kuri 260 kuri 2499 yari amaze kugezwamo internet ugereranyije na 724 yisumbuye.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo gahunda yagiye igira inkomyi nk’aho zimwe muri mudasobwa zigenewe abanyeshuri batazigejejweho, izindi zigapfa zikabura gisanwa, izibwe n’izanyerejwe.


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Rubavu:Ubuyobozi bwashyizeho gahunda ihamye yo gusarura ibirayi no kubigurisha
Yanditswe na IYAREMYE YVES
Bamwe mu bahinzi bo mu murenge wa Bugeshi mu karere ka Rubavu, bavuga ko gahunda yo gukura ibirayi mu murima ku mabwiriza y’umurenge, yagabanyije akajagari, ndetse ikorohereza abahinzi kubona abaguzi babagurira ku giciro kiza.
Bashimira Leta yateguye iyi gahunda yo kongerera umuhinzi n’ibirayi bye agaciro, aho kuri ubu gukura ibirayi bisigaye bikorwa n’umuguzi wemewe agahita abijyana, kandi ngo byakuyeho abamamyi bari bamaze gutera imbere kubera kwiba abaturage.
Mukeshimana Djamilla, umwe mu baturage yagize ati “Turashima iyi gahunda kuko umurenge ni wo uba uzi neza ahari ibirayi bigeze igihe nyacyo cyo gukurwa kandi n’abakiliya bahari, ubwo binyuze muri koperative z’abahinzi ako kanya baraza bakagusaba gusarura ibirayi ugakura imodoka ihagaze aho, nta mumamyi ukiharangwa kuko koperative iba yivuganira n’umukiliya kandi abitegereje, ugahabwa ifaranga ryiza rishyushye turashima Leta yadushyiriyeho iyi gahunda.”
Ubuyobozi bw’Umurenge wa Bugeshi mu karere ka Rubavu, buvuga ko gushyiraho iyi gahunda ikigamijwe ari ukugira ngo bazabikure ari uko byabyonye isoko maze abahinzi bagurishe ku giciro kiza ndetse habanze hacike akajagari k’abamamyi batuma umuhinzi ahomba.
Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Bugeshi Nsabimana Mvano Etienne, avuga ko hari na hamwe bagiye basaba abaturage gutegereza gahunda yo gukura ibirayi ikabageraho, asaba abo baturage kugendera kuri gahunda yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi kuko ari yo izabafasha kubona inyungu mu buhinzi bwabo.
Yagize ati “Kubabuza gusarura byatewe n’akajagari k’abitwa abamamyi bari barigize abakomisiyoneri, bagatuma igiciro kigwa mu gihe bo bagurishaga ku giciro cyo hejuru, umuhinzi akabihomberamo.
Ubu abagera kuri bane bari mu maboko ya Polisi, abatarakuye ni abo mu duce twa Mutovu, Rusiza na Hehu bo ibirayi byabo byatewe vuba ariko twabasabye ko bahera ku byo bateye mbere kandi bari kubijyana ku makusanyirizo.”


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Indirimbo y’uburinganire imaze kogera hose.Iyo nyikirizo yo irazwi pe!Ariko iyo bageze ku bitero,abaririmbyi barebanaho,ngo harya ni hasi cyangwa ni hejuru?Rukabura gica.
Kera byari bibujijwe ko umugore ajya hejuru.Ni yo mpamvu bavugaga ngo « Umugore arubaka,ntasakara« ,cyangwa ngo « Arabyina, ntasimbuka. » Ariko ubu ibintu byarahindutse,na bo bazi gutera isharupanti, bakajya hejuru y’inzu bagasakara.
Duhere aho tuvuge se ko abagabo n’abagore babikora kimwe?Ntiwabona hari ibyo abagore basigaye bakora neza kurusha abagabo?
Aho si yo mpamvu abagore ari bo benshi mu nzego hafi ya zose zo mu Rwanda?
Niba atari byo,hazagire ugaragaza ko kujya hejuru kwabo mu isakara bituma amazi ameneka mu nzu cyangwa atagera hasi.Kimwe no mu ndirimbo,ubusanzwe bajya hejuru bikaryoshya amajwi y’urunyurane(voix mixtes). Ese byaryoha kimwe no mu majwi y’urujyano-ngano(voix égales)?
Hambere aha na none,abakaraza bari abagabo gusa.Nuko umurishyo ukajyana n’umurindi w’ibyo bigango.None ubu abagore na bo barawukaraga,
bagahuza umuriri na bagenzi babo bivugira inka n’ingoma.Namwe muzambarire aho ibyo bintu byerekeza.
Abagabo na bo ntibacikanywe. Barakubita ingobyi imugongo bakaberwa pe!Bamwe bati « Iri ni ishyano,ntaho byabaye! » Abandi, bati « Ngubwo uburinganire rero ». Icyo batamenya ni ukwitwaza inkongoro y’ababyeyi.Maze abagore bamwe bakabyuririraho sinakubwira.
Wawundi uturiye agasantere ntatinya kubwira umugabo we ngo « Sigarana abana nanjye ndasohotse » cyangwa ngo « Uyu munsi ni uwawe wo kwirirwa ku mashyiga,kopine wanjye yantumiye ».
Nuko na we akabona akanya ko kujya kwigusha neza.Kandi koko birakwiye.Yataha asanga abana bari kurira bahogoye,ati »Ese burya, mubabyara mutazi no kubahoza? » Umugabo, ati « Hari gihamya yindi se ko ari wowe ufite igisubizo ». Mu kanya ubuzima bugakomeza.Ese aho ibibazo babyumva kimwe ?
By B.P


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Abikorera bo mu Karere ka Musanze by’umwihariko mu Murenge wa Muhoza, biyemeje gukoresha imbaraga zabo zose mu bikorwa byo kubaka Igihugu bakosora bagenzi babo bijanditse mu bikorwa ndengakamere bya Jenoside yakoerewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994.
Ni amagambo bagarutseho kuri uyu 15 Gicurasi 2021, aho bibutse Abatutsi bashyinguye mu Rwibutso rwa Muhoza, aho bashyize indabo ku Rwibutso bunamira inzirakarengane za Jenoside yakoerewe Abatutsi bashyinguyemo.
Ni igikorwa cyabanjirijwe n’urugendo ruva ku isoko rya GOICCO berekeza ku cyahoze ari ingoro y’amateka ya Ruhengeri, ahiciwe Abatutsi basaga 800 bari bahahungiye, bakomereza ku Rwibutso rwa Muhoza, basoreza mu gikorwa cyo kuremera abarokotse Jenoside batishoboye, aho imiryango ibiri yorojwe inka zifite agaciro k’ibihumbi 800. Indi miryango 20 nayo ihabwa ibyo kurya n’ibikoresho by’isuku bazifashisha muri iyi minsi 100 yo kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Kananga Claver wahawe inka ashimira cyane PSF yamworoje inka, anashima by’umwihariko ubuyobozi bukuru bw’Igihugu bwatangije iyi gahunda.
Agira ati "Ndashimira cyane abikorera ba Muhoza banyoroje inka, icyo navuga Imana ibongerere ubushobozi bwo kwita ku bandi nkatwe, iyi nka igiye kuduha akazi ko kuyitaho ndetse izongera ubumwe n’ubusabane n’iterambere mu muryango. Nshimye cyane Perezida wacu watangije iyi gahunda, tubona ko abaturokoye ari nabo bakomeje kutwitaho."
Kabageni Noliatha nawe ati "Cyera iwacu twari tworoye inka nyinshi, tukanywa amata tugahaga, muri Jenoside barazimaze, ubu nyuma y’imyaka 27 nongeye kubona inka, ndishimye cyane kuko ngiye kongera kubaho neza, kandi ibyo PSF idukoreye bitumye twongera kwigirira ikizere no kwibuka ariko twiyubaka"
Uhagarariye abikorera bo mu murenge wa Muhoza Shirubwiko Emmanuel, avuga ko igikorwa bakoze cyari kigamije kwereka abarokotse Jenoside ko batari bonyine ahubwo bifatanije nabo, anashimangira ko ari igikorwa kizakomeza bitewe n’uko bazajya bishakamo ubushobozi, kugira ngo bifatanye n’abo mu rugendo rw’iterambere.
Turatsinze Straton umuyobozi w’urugaga rw’abikorera bo mu Karere ka Musanze, avuga ko abikorera bashoye amamiliyoni yabo mu bikorwa byo guhembera no gutera inkunga Jenoside, ibintu avuga ko byabasigiye isomo rikomeye, kugira ngo biyubakire Igihugu kizira Jenoside.
Yagize ati "Muri Jenoside yakoerewe Abatutsi abikorera bakoze amahano batera inkunga Jenoside, ibyo bakoze ntibari bazi ingaruka bazahura nazo, aho basigaye babundabunda kandi bari bakize, abandi barafungwa. Niyo mpamvu twiyemeje gukosora ibyo bakoze duharanira iterambere ry’abanyarwanda n’igihugu cyacu".
Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Musanze wungirije ushinzwe ubukungu n’iterambere Rucyahana Mpuhwe Andrew asaba abikorera gushyira hamwe mu bumwe n’ubwiyunge bw’abanyarwanda, kuko aribwo batazavunika mu rugendo rw’iterambere barimo.
Agira ati "Turi mu minsi 100 yo kwibuka Abatutsi bishwe muri Jenoside mu 1994, Akarere twifatanije n’abikorera bo mu Murenge wa Muhoza, icyo tubibutsa ni uko aricyo gihe cyo gushyira hamwe bubaka ubumwe n’ubwiyunge bw’abanyarwanda, kuko aribwo batazavunika mu rugendo rw’iterambere barimo, kandi aho bazadukenera bazatubwire twifatanye".
Mu Karere ka Musanze habarurwa abikorera basaga ibihumbi 10, muri bo abikorera bo mu Murenge wa Muhoza bishyize hamwe bakusanya asaga miliyoni enye, bakoresheje mu bikorwa byo kubaremera inka n’ibiribwa.


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Arishimira urwego agezeho mu mwuga wo kuyobora ba mukerarugendo
Yanditswe na Tumukunde Georgine
Uwayo Honorine wo mu Karere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali ukora umwuga wo kuyobora ba mukerarugendo (Guide), arishimira intambwe amaze gutera mu bukerarugendo yakunze kuva akiri muto.
Mu kiganiro n’Imvaho Nshya, uyu mukobwa w’imyaka 22 yatangaje ko ubu atembereza ba mukerarugendo ahantu hatandukanye haba mu Gihugu imbere ndetse no mu bindi bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda nko muri Tanzaniya, Kenya n’ahandi.
Yagize ati: “Mbajyana ahantu henshi hatandukanye haba muri Nyungwe, muri Pariki y’Akagera, tugaterera n’ibirunga nka Bisoke na Kalisimbi, ndetse njya nkorera no mu bindi bihugu byo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba”.
Uwayo yishimira ko ubukerarugendo yakunze akiri umwana yabashije kubwiga mu mashuri yisumbuye, ayarangije yakomeje kubona amahugurwa atandukanye ndetse ubu akaba arimo kwiga amasomo y’igihe gito akazayasoza akomereza muri kaminuza.
Ageze no ku rwego rwo gutanga amahugurwa ku bandi bifuza gucengera ibijyanye n’ubukerarugendo.
Yagize ati: “Ubukerarugendo ni ikintu nkunda cyane, nkiri umwana nakundaga kureba ibiganiro birebana n’inyamaswa kuri tereviziyo, nkareba uburyo amafi abayeho, ibijyanye n’ibimera n’ibindi”.
Yakomeje agira ati: “Ndangije amashuri yisumbuye nakoze muri zimwe muri kompanyi zikora ubukerarugendo, nagiye mbona n’amahugurwa atandukanye haba hano mu gihugu ndetse no mu bindi bihugu nka Uganda n’u Budage, n’ubu ndimo kwiga amasomo y’igihe gito”.
Avuga ko ubu ari umuyobozi wa ba mukerarugendo wigenga (freelancer); akaba akorana na kompanyi z’ubukerarugendo n’amahoteri, igihe hari abakeneye gusura ahantu hatandukanye haba muri za pariki, inzu ndangamurage arabajyana ndetse akaba yanabagira inama z’aho basura.
Yiyemeje kugera ku rwego ruhanitse mu bukerarugendo
Uwayo avuga ko afite intego yo gukomeza kwiga ubukerarugendo ndetse akaba yagira impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga mu bijyanye na bwo.
Afite n’umugambi wo gushinga kompanyi ye ikora ubukerarugendo.
Agaruka ku iterambere akesha ubukerarugendo, yavuze ko akuramo amafaranga amufasha mu buzima bwa buri munsi, akabasha kwirihira amahugurwa ndetse ubu yazigamye agiye kumufasha kwiga kaminuza.
Asanga umwuga akora udakwiye guharirwa abagabo
Uwayo avuga ko haba mu Rwanda ndetse no mu bindi bihugu ajya akoreramo abona abantu b’igitsina gore bakiri bake mu mwuga akora, akaba abakangurira kuwitabira kuko na ko ari akazi gafasha umuntu kwiteza imbere.
Yagize ati: “Nta murimo ubaho w’abagabo gusa, imirimo yose abakobwa n’abagore bayikora; nko mu bukerarugendo harimo n’imirimo myinshi bahitamo, ushobora kuyobora ba mukerarugendo, ushobora gukora akazi ko kubatwaza, ushobora no kubatwara mu modoka kuko ubu harimo n’abakobwa bamaze kubimenya”.
Avuga ko abasha kujya ahantu hatandukanye hakorerwa ubukerarugendo akaba yamarayo n’iminsi, ndetse akanakora ingendo ndende akabishobora nk’uko n’abasore cyangwa abagabo babikora.
Yagize ati: “Kuba uri umukobwa si intege nke ahubwo ni zo mbaraga zawe nyinshi zo kugira ngo ukore cyane. Iyo wiga, iyo ushaka kumenya, ibintu byose ubigeraho, abakobwa nibaharanire kugira ubumenyi, bashakishe udushya, kandi icyo umuntu yiyemeje akigeraho”.
Yakomeje avuga ko n’ababyeyi be batumvaga ukuntu yakora uriya mwuga yahisemo, dore ko banifuzaga ko yiga amasomo y’Ubumenyi, gusa ariko nyuma bakiriye ikemezo yafashe.
Ati: “Ababyeyi bashakaga ko niga ibijyanye n’ ubumenyi, ni na ryo shami nasabye ndangije Ikiciro rusange (Tronc Commun), nagize amanota meza, nagize n’amahirwe ikigo cyampisemo nasanze gifite ishami ry’ubukerarugendo, byabaye nko korosora uwabyukaga”.
Yongeyeho ati: “Abantu benshi batekereza ko uyu mwuga utakorwa n’abakobwa, n’ababyeyi ntibumvaga ukuntu nzajya njyana na ba mukerarugendo nkanarara, nkamarayo iminsi, ariko naberetse ko nta kibazo kirimo, nta mpungenge bakwiye kugira”.
Avuga ko iyo wiyemeje akazi uba ugomba kugakora neza, ukwitwara neza.
Ati: “Hari n’ababa bumva ko umukobwa atakora umwuga nk’uyu ngo uwumaremo igihe, ko uramutse ushatse umugabo wabireka ukajya mu nshingano z’urugo, mu kwita ku bana,… ariko ni umurimo nk’iyindi wakora mu buzima bwawe, ukawukora igihe kinini”.
Imbogamizi yahuye na zo agitangira umwuga ntizamuciye intege
Uwayo avuga ko iyo umuntu agitangira umwuga ahura n’imbogamizi ariko iyo ufite intego wihaye ubasha guhangana na zo ntucike intege.
Uretse izo kuba hari abatumvaga uburyo umukobwa yakora akazi nk’ako akora, yahuye n’izindi zo kumenya uko yitwara imbere y’umukiriya warakaye; atabonye serivisi yashakaga bitewe n’inzitizi zavutse.
Ati: “Ibyo rero nagiye mbikemura ngerageza kwigira ku bandi, nkora ubushakashatsi butandukanye kuri Internet kugira ngo menye uko nitwara mu gihe mpuye n’ikibazo”.
Bashinze itsinda ry’abakobwa bayobora ba mukerarugendo
Uwayo Honorine avuga ko ubu hari urubyiruko rw’abakobwa rwashinze ishyirahamwe ryo kuyobora ba mukerarugendo basura inyoni na we akaba aribarizwamo, bafite intego yo gushaka abakobwa benshi bifuza kumenya ibijyanye n’umwuga bakora bakabigisha, bakabafasha kuwinjiramo, bityo akaba ahamagarira abandi bakobwa kubagana bagafatanya muri iryo terambere.
Arakangurira n’Abanyarwanda muri rusange kwitabira gusura ibyiza bafite mu Gihugu.
Ati: “U Rwanda ni igihugu kiza gifite isuku, gifite umutekano, cyakira abantu neza, ba mukerarughendo baraza bakigishwa amateka, bagasura ahantu hatandukanye; hari amashyamba meza arimo amoko menshi y’inyoni cyane cyane muri Nyungwe hari n’ibiti bibereye ijisho n’ ikiraro cyo mu kirere ushobora kugendaho, wanasura Pariki y’Akagera, hari ingagi mu birunga, ubu dusigaye tugera no ku kirunga cya Sabyinyo[…], hari henshi wasura ukahigira byinshi ndetse ukaba wanakora siporo”.
Yunzemo ati: “Abanyarwanda nibitabire gusura ibyo byiza bafite”.
Ashima imbaraga u Rwanda rushyira mu kubungabunga ibyiza nyaburanga bikurura ba mukerarugendo.


text:
Kigali: Imiryango 8 igiye gutuzwa mu nzu y’ikitegererezo mu guca akajagari
Yanditswe na MUTUNGIREHE SAMUEL
Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Kigali wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu, Busabizwa Parfait, yatangarije Imvaho Nshya ko bitarenze amezi abiri bazimura imiryango 8 mu nzu ya mbere y’ikitegererezo igaragaza inzu zigiye kubakwa mu rwego rwo guca akajagari mu Mujyi wa Kigali.
Iyi ni inzu iherereye mu karere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Kimisagara, Akagari ka Kimisagara mu mudugudu wa Nyakabingo, yubatswe mu buryo bugerekeranye guhera mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2018.
Ku ikubitiro izatuzwamo imiryango 8 nyuma yongerweho ikindi gice kizatuma ituzwamo imiryango 10 mu rwego rwo gutangiza umushinga mugari wo guca inzu z’akajagari ziri mu Mujyi wa Kigali.
Yagize ati: “Muri iyo nzu tuzimuriramo imiryango umunani, muri iyo miryango hari ine yari isanzwe ituye aho twubatse iriya nzu y’ikitegererezo, bivuga ko ari bo tuzabanza tugatuza. Hari n’umuryango umwe wari ufite inzu nini, nawo uzabona inzu nini imwe.
Noneho tuzongera dufate ubundi butaka bw’abandi baturage, na bo tubimurire muri izo nzu zindi zizaba zisigaye noneho aho abo bavuye turebe ukuntu twahubaka indi nzu”.
Yavuze ko nyuma y’ikiciro cya mbere cyo kwereka abaturage gahunda Umujyi wa Kigali ufite wo kubakura mu kajagari, hazabaho no kubaka izindi nzu zimeze nk’izo ariko mu buryo buri wese ashaka bitewe n’uko umuryango we n’amikoro bingana.
Ati “Urabona ukuntu ari mu kajagari, umwaka utaha tuzahakorera inyigo. Nko mu gice cy’uriya murenge bihana imbibi wa Gitega, hariya naho tuzahubaka inzu imwe y’ikitegererezo no ku gice cya Nyakabanda ariko abaturage bahatuye ni bo bazahita bazijyamo kuko ubutaka bwabo n’inzu zabo tuzaba twabikoresheje.
Aho hose, hazaba inyigo izerekana imihanda; twumvikanisha uko imihanda izacamo, byumvikane ko aho imihanda izaba iciye inzu zigomba kuhava noneho ku bufatanye n’abashoramari batandukanye twubake inzu nyinshi”.
Yakomeje avuga ko n’abaturage baho biteguye kugura izo nzu zizaba zubatse mu buryo bugezweho kandi zigerekeranyije aho bashobora kuzigura kuri miliyoni 7 cyangwa 8 bityo bakabona ahantu heza ho gutura.
Bamwe mu miryango yatanze ibibanza byo kubakwamo iyo nzu, bavuga ko bishimiye gukurwa mu nzu z’akajagari kandi bagiye kwinjira mu nzu zigezweho ziruta kure izo bahozemo.
Mukabagire Marina, ati “Ni byo twari dutuye mu kajagari, ariko urabona ko ari inzu ijyanye n’ikererezo 2020. Ntitwabanje kubyiyumvisha bihagije kuko twari twituriye bisanzwe ariko bitewe n’ukuntu batubwiye ko ari inzu y’ikitegererezo, ko hose ari yo bagiye kubaka twaje kubyumva.
Umukozi uhagarariye Kompanyi ya Amicor Ltd irimo kubaka iyo nzu, Nsengiyumva Patrick, yabwiye Imvaho Nshya ko habura iminsi itageze kuri 15 kugira ngo iyo nzu yuzure, hagasigara imirimo y’amasuku hanze yayo.
Ati “Ni inzu iciriritse, kuko igiciro cyayo ni inzu ubaze metero kare y’urukuta rumwe ruba rufite amafaranga y’u Rwanda 9500; ni ukuvuga ngo ubwayo irahendutse. Niba dushaka ibintu bihendutse kandi bigaragaza ubwiza iyi nzu ni cyo ibereyeho, kandi ni inzu yo kurondereza ubutaka bwacu bw’u Rwanda kuko ari buto kandi igatuzwamo abantu benshi”.
Iyo nzu y’ikitegererezo mu gihe izaba yuzuye, izatuzwamo imiryango 8 nk’uko biteganyijwe, izaba ifite agaciro ka miliyoni 10 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.


text:
Mu isi dufashe igihe muntambara, duhura n’ibirushya byinshi, bimwe biza biturutse ku mibanire yacu na bagenzi bacu, ibindi bikaza bitunguranye. Ibyo byose iyo bitugezeho buri wese arwana intambara yo kwivana muri ako kaga ari naho agaragariza ubuhanga bwe ukaba wamenya ngo yarwanye neza cyangwa nabi.
Turebere hamwe inkuru ya Abigayile na Dawidi (1 Samweli 25). Iyi nkuru iratangira ivuga ku rupfu rw’Umuhanuzi Samweli. Dawidi n’abantu be (Abisirayeli) bari bababajwe no kubura umuhanuzi ukomeye . Dawidi n’Abisirayeli bagombaga kugira amakenga kuko umwami Sawuli yari agiye kuva ku ngoma kandi Imana yari yarabwiye Samweli ko Dawidi ariwe uzasimbura Sawuli ku ngoma. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Sawuli yahigaga Dawidi ngo amwice.
Dawidi n’abantu be bafashe urugendo bagera i Karumeri hari umugabo witwaga Nabali. Nabali nta mpuhwe yagiraga kugira nabi yari yarabigize umushinga (1 Samweli 25:23). Dawidi yatumye abagaragu be kwa Nabali ngo bamubaze niba yabaha ibyo kurya kuko bari bashonje, bageze kwa Nabali bamubwiye uko Dawidi yabatumye, Nabali mu bupfapfa bwe arabibima. Abagaragu bagarutse kwa Dawidi bamubwira uko byagenze, Dawidi arababwira ati mwambare intwaro dutere Nabali tumurimburane n’ibyo mu rugo bye byose.
Nyamara, Abigayili umugore wa Nabali yari umunyaburanga kandi yari umunyabwenge. Akimara kubwirwa amakuru y’ibyo Nabali yakoze, yahise afata ibyo kurya ashyira Dawidi n’abagaragu be ndetse asaba imbabazi Dawidi kumafuti umugabo we yakoze.
Nuko Dawidi abwira Abigayili ati “ubwenge bwawe bushimwe kandi nawe ushimwe,kuko uyu munsi undinze kugibwaho n’urubanza rw’amaraso, kuba arijye wihorera ubwanjye” (1sam25:33) Mu byukuri dawidi yarishimye ashima n’Imana ko atakoze icyaha cyo kwihorera.
Iri ni isomo rikomeye, biratworohera kubabara iyo badukoreye ibibi. Uko umwaka ushize tubona ingero z’abantu baca umubano ndetse bagashyamirana hagati yabo. Ariko twebwe abana b’Imana twakagombye gukora nka Dawidi we yaremeye Imana imurwanira urugamba. Si ngombwa rero kwihorera kuko ibibi bizajya ku mitwe y’ababikora.
Bamwe baribaza baribwira bati “twahuye n’ibibazo byinshi ariko Imana ntiyaturwaniriye” Mariko (4:35) atubwira inkuru y’abigishwa batwewe n’umuraba mu Nyanja ya Galileya mu gihe Yesu yari asinziriye. Abigishwa barasakuje bati “Ntubyitayeho kandi ubona tugiye gupfa ” (Mariko 4:38) nuko Yesu arabyuka acyaha umuraba inyanja iratuza (Mark 4:39–40). Abigishwa be babibonye baratangara bati burya n’inyanja ziramwumvira.
Imana ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwana urugamba rwacu. Biroroshye kuri twe gutekereza ko twakwirwaniririra, ariko imbaraga nyakuri ntizizigaragarira mu bwenge bwacu, mu ntwaro cyangwa imbaraga z’umubiri, imbaraga nyakuri ni ukwemerere Imana ikakuyobora kiko niyo ifite icyo yakora ku baturwanya twe tutakwishoboza.Iyo wirwaniriye, ubasha gukora bicye. Ariko iyo weguriye Imana abakurwanya n’ ibikugoye, uzareba ibikomeye Uwiteka azagukorera.
[email protected]


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UMUSOMYI WA BIBILIYA, ni igitabo gitegurwa n’UMURYANGO W’ABASOMA BIBILIYA MU RWANDA (Ligue Pour la Lecture de la Bible), kigamije gufasha abantu guhura n’Imana buri munsi mu ijambo ryayo. Kuri uyu wa gatanu, tariki ya 3 Gicurasi 2019, turasoma muri yeremiya 4:1-18
1.Uwiteka aravuga ati “Isirayeli we, nugaruka abe ari jye ugarukira, nukuraho ibizira byawe bikamva mu maso ntuzongera kujarajara, kandi uzarahira uti
2.‘Ndahiye Uwiteka uhoraho w’ukuri, utabera kandi ukiranuka’, maze amahanga azihesha umugisha muri we, kandi muri we ni mo bazishimira.”
3. Ibyo ni byo Uwiteka abwira abantu b’u Buyuda n’ab’i Yerusalemu ati “Nimurime imishike yanyu, kandi ntimukabibe mu mahwa.
4.Mwikebere Uwiteka kandi mukebeho ibikoba bitwikiriye imitima yanyu, mwa bagabo mwe b’u Buyuda n’abaturage b’i Yerusalemu, uburakari bwanjye butaza bumeze nk’umuriro bugatwika kandi nta wabasha kubuzimya, bitewe n’ububi bw’ingeso zanyu.
5.“Mumenyeshe u Buyuda kandi mwamamaze n’i Yerusalemu muti ‘Nimuvuze impanda mu gihugu, murangurure muvuge muti: Nimuteranire hamwe tujye mu midugudu igoswe n’inkike.’
6.Mushinge ibendera aherekera i Siyoni, mwiyarure ntimurushye muzuyaza, kuko ngiye kuzana icyago kizaturuka ikasikazi no kurimbuka gukomeye.”
7.Intare yasohotse mu kibira cyayo, kandi umurimbuzi w’amahanga yarahagurutse ava iwe, azanywe no guhindura igihugu cyawe umwirare, n’imidugudu yawe ikaba imisaka igasigara itagira uyituyemo.
8.Nuko nimukenyere ibigunira mucure umuborogo murire, kuko uburakari bukaze bw’Uwiteka butatuvuyeho.
9.Uwiteka aravuga ati “Uwo munsi umutima w’umwami uziheba, n’imitima y’ibikomangoma na yo, kandi abatambyi bazumirwa n’abahanuzi bazashoberwa.”
10.Maze ndavuga nti “Ayii, Mwami Uwiteka, ni ukuri washutse aba bantu n’ab’i Yerusalemu ubwo wavugaga uti ‘Muzagira amahoro’, none inkota ikaba yabageze no ku mutima.”
11.Icyo gihe ubu bwoko n’ab’i Yerusalemu bazabwirwa ngo “Nimurebe umuyaga utwitse uturutse mu misozi yo mu butayu utera umukobwa wanjye, ari bo bantu b’ubwoko bwanjye, si uwo kugosora cyangwa gutunganya,
12.Ahubwo ni umuyaga usumbye ibyo, ni wo uzangeraho. Noneho ngiye kubacira imanza.”
13.Dore azaza ameze nk’ibicu, n’amagare ye y’intambara azaba ameze nka serwakira, amafarashi ye azarusha ibisiga imbaraga. Tubonye ishyano kuko tugiye kunyagwa!
14.Yewe Yerusalemu we, uhagira umutima wawe ho ibyaha kugira ngo urokoke. Uzahorana imigambi yawe mibi uzageze ryari?
15.Kuko ijwi rivuga riturutse i Dani rikavuga inkuru z’ibyago, riturutse no mu misozi ya Efurayimu.
16.“Mubitekerereze amahanga, dore muburire i Yerusalemu muti ‘Abaje kuhakuba baraza baturuka mu gihugu cya kure, kandi bahuruza ingoma yo gutera imidugudu y’u Buyuda.
17.Barahakubye bameze nk’abarinzi b’umurima kuko hangomeye.’ ” Ni ko Uwiteka avuga.
18“Inzira yawe n’imirimo yawe ni byo biguteje ibyo bitero, icyo ni icyaha cyawe. Ni ukuri biragusharirira kuko bikugeze mu mutima.” Imana iririra Abayuda banze kwihana
Ibibazo bidufasha gusobanukirwa umusomyi
1.Ibyo nsomye birambwira ibya nde, kandi biranyigisha iki?
2.Ibyo nsomye biranyigisha iki
ku Mana data wa twese?
kuri Yesu kristo?
ku mwuka wera?
Ubusobanuro bw’umusomyi
Isirayeli we, nugaruka abe ari jye ugarukira (1): Imana isezeranya Abisirayeli nAbayuda kubaha umugisha nibihana .by’ukuri, bakareka ibigirwamana byabo kandi ntibongere kujarajara. Nk’uko imbuto iterwa mu butaka bwiza ni ko n’imitima ikeneye kurimwa ngo imishike y’ibibi biyivemo maze imbuto zibone kubibwa (Mar.4.3-8). Imana yanga uburyarya, koko niba umuntu yiyemeje kwihana aba akwiriye guhindukira akazibukira ibyaha. ...Mukebeho ibikoba bitwikiriye imitima yanvu... (4): Uwiteka araburira ubwoko bwe, kandi nibadakora ibyo abasaba, inkurikizi zirasobanutse: Ingabo z’abanyamahanga bo mu majyaruguru zizatera zimeze nk’intare zizituwe (7); zizaba zimeze nk’umuyaga utwika; cyangwa nka serwakira. Abantu bazahamagarirwa guhungira i Yerusalemu no kujya mu cyunamo. Abayobozi bo mu nzego zose bazakuka imitima (9). Hari abahanuzi b’ibinyoma bahoraga bahanurira abantu iby’amahoro gusa, none ababizeye bazatekereza ko Imana yababeshye. N ubwo Imana yakomeje kubagira inama y’icyakorwa ngo barokoke (14), bakomeje kwinangira. Tube maso tutaba nkabo, kuko duhora tuburirwa ariko abantu benshi ntibabyiteho. Indir.431 Gushimisha.
[email protected]


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lyrics for Kundunduro by Social Mula
Burya nkubona kumunsi wambere nabayenkubonekewe nahise ntungurwa kuburyobukomeye nubwiza wifitiye nacitse integekuko abaguhururira ari uruhuri bose bakazabagana aho uri. Byaranzonze mburaho mperango nkubwire ijambo nkiri murujijo uba uraje utindagukunda…. kuva uwomwanya nafashe icyemezocyo kukwimariramo no kugukunda kugeza kundunduro..
Ref: Erega ni wowe gusa nzakunda kugeza kundunduro mumutima wanjye uzahora uruwambere kugezakundunduro yaba ubabaye cyangwa unezerewendahari kugeza kundunduro uuuuyeeee…nzagukunda kugeza kundunduro.
Wahaye agaciro urukundo urucira inzira ngarinyinyuramo nemye muntambwe zumunezero…nkumunyabufindo sinzi uko ubigenza ngo nishimeniyo mpamvu tuzahora twicaranye nkipfundoNijwi rirenga reka mbivuge ubugira kenshi kontanumwe uteze kugusimbura mubwenge bwange,kubwizo mpamvu kubwiyo byose niyemejekugukunda byukuri kugeza kundunduro.Ref: Erega ni wowe gusa nzakunda kugeza kundunduromumutima wanjye uzahora uruwambere kugezakundunduro yaba ubabaye cyangwa unezerewendahari kugeza kundunduro uuuuyeeee nzagukundakugeza kundunduro (x2).Nanaaaaaaaaaaaaa Social mula……
lyrics by theogene…………………….


text:
Amafaranga ni kimwe mu bintu bijya bibangamira imibanire y’abantu bakundana. Turebere hamwe uburyo wakwitwara kugira ngo ibibazo by'amafaranga bitabangamira urukundo rwanyu.
1. Mugomba gukora urutonde rw’ibintu bitwara amafaranga
Niba ari umuryango w’umugore, umugabo n’abana bagomba kwicara bakareba ibikenewe mu gihe runaka. Ese abana bakeneye iki? Mu rugo se ni iki kibura? Ikiba gisigaye ni ukugabanya amafaranga bitewe n’ibikemewe cyane kurusha ibindi, aho kuyakoresha uko biboneye.
Iyo abantu benshi bahembwe usanga iyo baguze ibiryo mu rugo bumva bihagije; ubundi ntibarebe ibyo abana bakeneye n’ibindi bikenewe.Iyo ibyo birangiye asigaye bayokoresha uko bishakiye, ukwezi kukazajya gushira nta kintu basigaranye,maze umwiryane n’ubwumvikane buke bigatangira.
Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko ahanini umuryango ukoresha nabi amafaranga usanga nta mahoro awurangwamo, kuko baba bari mu buzima bubakomereye buri umwe yifuza ikintu kandi atari bupfe kukibona. Mu muryango nk’uwo abana ntibaba bavuga, kimwe n’ababyeyi babo, aho buri wese aba ashinja mugenzi we gukoresha amafaranga nabi.
2. Niba ugiye kugura ikintu, banza urebe ko ari cyo gikenewe koko.
Ikintu gikunda kumara amafaranga y’abantu, ni uko usanga bayakoresha mu bintu bidakenewe kandi hari ibikenewe cyane byagombaga gukorwa. Iki kibazo gikunda kugaragara ku bagore cyane, kuko ari bo bakunda kugura ibintu batabanje kureba niba babikeneye koko. Umugore ashora kugura ibintu bibiri bisa kuko yabikunze kandi wenda atari na byo bikenewe, amafaranga akaba yanamushirana ataragura iby’ibanze.
Video Abakobwa Beza
Ibibazo by'Amafaranga n'Urukundo
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text:
Ese koko abakozi b’Imana bari bakwiriye gupfa icya cumi n’amaturo?
Yanditswe na: Ubwanditsi
2012-05-10 23:25:04
Amafaranga niyo yabaye intandaro yo kuba Yesu Umwana w’Imana yaramanitswe ku giti.Yuda Iskariyoti yahawe ibiceri by’ifeza mirongo itatu gusa, maze yibagirwa agaciro yari afite ndetse n‘icyubahiro yari yarahawe na Yesu,dore ko yari umucungamutungo mu ntumwa ze.Bidateye kabiri , niwe waje kumugambanira maze amutanga mu maboko y’ingabo z’abaroma zimukanira urwo ku musaraba.Biratangaje cyane kuba uyu munsi tubona bamwe mu bakozi b’Imana bapfa impiya kandi bazi neza ko arizo ntandaro y’urupfu rwa Yesu.
Kuba kandi mu nsengero zimwe na zimwe hadasiba kugaranara umwiryane n’induru zishingiye ku mitungo ndetse no ku mafranga aba yavuye muri kimwe cy’icumi ubundi kigenerwa abashumba n’abakozi b’Imana bavuga ubutumwa bwiza, naho amaturo akagenerwa ibikorwa by’iterambere,bigaragaza ko hakiriho abashumba gito bageze ikirenge mu cya Yuda Iskariyoti kuko badatinya kuribata inzu y’Imana uko bishakiye ahanini babitewe no kwishakira indamu.
Kimwe mu bigaragaza ko bamwe mu bashumba baba bafite inyota yo kwibonera amaturo, ni uko akenhsi usanga umwanya ubanziriza ijambo ry’Imana igihe cyose bawuharira gutanga kimwe mu icumi n’amaturo kugira ngo ijambo ry’Imana ritarangira abakristo bagahera ko babacika bakagenda badatuye
Bamwe muri aba bashumba kandi usanga rimwe na rimwe bashyira ku ibere abakristo batanga kimwe mu icumi gitubutse kabone nubwo baba ari abanyamakosa enshi , maze bakabakingira ikibaba.Iyo rero hagize ukutumvikana kuvuka hagati y’abo bashumba ,usanga intonganya zibaye zose ndetse rimwe na rimwe bagatangira kumena amabanga baba bahuriyeho yo kunyereza cyangwa se kwikubira umutungo w’itorero.Ese koko baba barahamagariwe kugenza impiya?Cyangwa baba barahamagariwe kugenza umukumbi?
Biteye isoni n’agahinda kubona hari abashumba barenga inshingano zabo maze ugasanga aribo bahindutse abacungamutungo b’amatorero bayoboye.Ese urwego rw’umuvunyi ni ruhagurukira bene aba bashumba kugira ngo hakorwe igenzura ry’umutungo wabo cyangwa se uko bakoresha uw’itorero bizacura iki?Aho benshi ntibazibuka gutereka ibitereko byasheshe?
Abakozi b’Imana ni bareke kwandurira ubusa bapfa ibya Kayizari ahubwo bacunge neza umukumbi baragijwe kuko ijambo ry’Imana rigire riti”Uwahawe byinshi azabazwa byinshi naho uwahawe bike nawe abazwe bike”


text:
Abatuye mu migi barakangurirwa kwirinda ibikorwa byangiza ibishanga
Yanditswe na MUGISHA BENIGNE
Abaturarwanda batuye mu migi barakangurirwa kwirinda ibikorwa byangiza ibishanga mu rwego rwo kubibungabunga no gusubiranya ibyangiritse kugira ngo bigire uruhare mu gutuma imigi irushyaho kuba myiza.
Ubu ni bumwe mu butumwa bwatanzwe n’Umuyobozi mukuru w’Ikigo k’Igihugu gishinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije (REMA), Eng. Ruhamya Coletha mu muhango wo kwizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kubungabunga ibishanga wizihizwa tariki ya 02 Gashyantare buri mwaka.
Yagize ati “Iyo ibishanga byo mu migi bibungabunzwe, bifasha abayituye kudahungabanywa n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibiza.”
Umuyobozi mukuru wa REMA agaruka ku bibazo bigaragara mu bishanga byo mu migi, aho avuga ko byugarijwe n’ababyigabiza bakabimenamo itaka, imyanda n’ibindi bibyangiza, ababicukuramo ibumba n’umucanga ndetse n’abyubakamo inzu n’ibindi.
Ati “Uko imigi itera imbere ni ko umutungo kamere abayituye bakenera ngo babeho wiyongera, nk’amazi yo gukoresha ndetse n’imyanda nayo ikiyongera, ibi byose bikangiza imiterere y’ibidukikije cyane cyane ibishanga byo mu migi.”
Avuga ku kamaro k’ibishanga byo migi, yasobanuye ko ari ubutaka bufasha imigi kuba myiza, bigaha ubuzima bwiza abayituye, bikagabanya ubukana bw’imyuzure ndetse bikanatanga amazi akoreshwa n’abatuye imigi.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa REMA kandi avuga ko ibishanga bigira uruhare mu kuyungurura amazi yanduye kandi bigatanga ubuhehere bukenerwa mu migi, naho mu gihe k’imvura bikabika amazi bikarinda imyuzure.
Yongeraho ko mu gihe k’izuba abaturage benshi bayoboka ibishanga gushaka amazi meza yo gukoresha mu bikorwa bitandukanye kubera ubushobozi byihariye mu kubika amazi no kuyayungurura.
Yagize ati “Ibishanga kandi ni uburyo bw’ibanze bwo gufata imwe mu myuka ihumanya ikirere bikadufasha guhangana no gukumira ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.”
Eng. Ruhamya yaboneyeho gusaba abaturage gufata neza ibishanga byo mu migi bagabanya ibikorwa bibyangiza.
Ku bijyanye no kubungabunga ibishanga, abaturage bamwe mu baganiriye n’Imvaho Nshya bavuga ko nabo bemera ko ibishanga bikwiye kubungabungwa.
Sindayigaya Martin ni umuturage w’Umurenge wa Gatenga, Akarere ka Kicukiro, avuga ko na we ashyigikiye ko abantu bafite ibikorwa mu bishanga babivanamo kugira ngo barengere ibidukikije, ariko akavuga ko itegeko rishyiraho ko nta kigomba gukorwa muri metero 20 uturutse ku gishanga, asanga ari ubutaka bunini buba budakoreshejwe mu gihe ubutaka abaturage bahingaho ari buto.
Naho Burasanzwe Frederic we ni umuturage wo mu Murenge wa Kacyiru, Akarere ka Gasabo, avuga ko nta cyo abaturage bakwiye gukorera mu bishanga birenze ubuhinzi kuko kubaka no gucukura ibumba n’umucanga byangiza bikomeye igishanga, bikaba byateza igihugu ingaruka z’imihandagukire y’ibihe.
Ati “Nta yandi mananiza, abaturage nibave mu bishanga bareke kubakamo, gucukuramo no kumenamo imyanda, nibage gukorera ahandi ariko ibishanga bikomeze byitabweho kuko bidufitiye akamaro kanini.”
Insanganyamatsiko yo kwizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga w’ibishanga iragira iti “Ibishanga bifashwe neza ni ishingiro ry’iterambere rirambye ry’imigi.”


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amapfa
Rwanda : abaturage ba Nyaruguru nabo bugarijwe ku buryo bukomeye na ya nzara yiswe « Nzaramba »
By A. Ben Ntuyenabo on 4 août 2016
Ni mu Karere ka Nyaruguru ho mu burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda aho abayobozi bahagurukiye gukwirakwiza ikinyoma mu baturage babategeka kudahingutsa ijambo « Inzara » mu Karere bayobora kandi « Nzaramba » ibamereye nabi. Ni muli urwo rwego bamwe mu baturage batuye Umurenge wa Kibeho badutangarije ko bamaze kumenyera kubwirirwa bakanaburara bitewe n’inzara yateye muli ako Karere ku buryo n’imyaka bahinze […]
Posted in Ahabanza, Amakuru | Tagged amapfa, FPR, Habitegeko François, inzara, Nyaruguru, Nzaramba, Paul Kagame


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02/09/2018, Yanditswe na Tharcisse Semana
Kuva ku wa gatanu tariki ya 31 kanama kugeza ku cyumweru, tariki ya 2 nzeli 2018, ishyaka FDU-Inkingi riri mu bihe bidasanzwe, kubera ko abari bagize ubuyobozi bukuru bw’iri shyaka bagomba kwegura, hagashyirwaho ubundi buyobozi bushya, binyuze mu matora.
Ni ibihe bidasanzwe kuri iri shyaka ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’i Kigali kubera ko ubu riri mu rubuga rw’amahina, aho abaribereye ku isonga bagomba guhitamo byanze bikunze hagati yo gukorera mu mucyo no gukomeza kuba imbata y’amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko n’uturere, byagiye biranga bamwe mu bayobozi baryo.
Ni ibihe bidasanzwe kandi kuri FDU-INKINGI kuko byanze bikunze igomba guhitamo hagati yo gukorera mu bwisanzure n’ubwigenge, cyangwa se gukomeza kuvugirwa mo n’irindi shyaka ubu ryayigize ingaruzwamuheto!
Icyo tugarukaho kandi twibazaho muri iyi nkuru twahaye umutwe ugira uti “FDU-INKINGI mu bihe bikomeye by’amahitamo” ni uburyo aya matora yateguwe, uko azagenda n’icyo azahindura mu mikorere y’ishyaka FDU-INKINGI. Aya matora yaba yarateguwe mu mucyo? Yaba se azakorwa mu bwisanzure, ku buryo noneho umwiryane n’amacakubiri bishingiye ku turere n’amoko, byarangwaga muri iryo shyaka, bitazongera kubaho? Ese ibizava muri ayo matora abayobozi bose bazabyemeranywaho?
Ikindi twifuza kugarukaho ni icyo ubuyobozi bushya buzaza buzaniye ishyaka, abayoboke baryo n’abakunzi baryo. Ese ko abenshi mu bakunzi ba FDU-INKINGI bakunze kuvuga ko yataye umurongo yari ifite mbere y’uko umuyobozi wayo afunzwe, ko isigaye ikoreshwa/ikorera mu kwaha kw’abahoze ari abayoboke ba FPR-Inkotanyi ubu babarizwa muri RNC, ubuyobozi bushya butegerejwe buzagarurira ikizere abatari bake mu bahoze ari abayoboke n’abakunzi bayo, ubu bayiteye umugongo?
Ibyo ni ibibazo bikomereye ubuyobozi bushya bwa FDU-INKINGI, binasabwa gusubizwa mu maguru mashya n’abayobozi bashya b’iri shyaka bazamenyekana bitarenze ejo taliki ya 03 nzeli 2018.
Mbere yo gusesengura ibi bibazo byose, turagaruka gato ku kibazo cy’umurage w‘ubwiru mu mateka rusange y’abanyarwanda n’ingaruka yawo ku mitekerereze no mu mikorere yacu ya buri munsi. Turerekana n’uburyo uwo murage mubi wa cyami ukomeje kuba akarande, bikaba bigoye na n’ubu kuwurandura burundu mu bavuga ko bagendera ku mahame ya Repubulika na demokarasi (umuco wo kwishyira ukizana mu bitekerezo, guhihibikanira inyungu-rusange za bose – recherche d‘intéret public – no kubikora mu bwisanzure kandi ntacyo uhishahisha – transparence – ).
Ubwiru: umwera waturutse ibukuru bucya wakwiriye hose
Biragoye cyane ku banyarwanda abo aribo bose n’ingeri zose – ni ukuvuga ikigero (génération) cy’ababa barabaye igihe gito cyangwa kinini mu mitegekere n’imikorere y’ingoma ya cyami cyangwa se ababa batarayibayemo na mba – kwitandukanya n’umuco w’ubwiru. Muri make, ubwiru bwabaye – ku banyarwanda – umurage w’amateka. Uwo murage uradukurikirana, aho tuva tukagera n’icyo turicyo cyose (waba warize ukaminuza cyangwa se utaranize na mba). Ubwiru mu banyarwanda bwabaye umurage karande. Ni umwera waturutse ibukuru bucya wakwiriye hose.
Igitangaje ariko ni uko uwo mwera waturutse ibukuru ugakongera, abiyita ko bagendera ku mahame y’umuco-mvamahanga wa demokarasi (kutagira icyo uhishashisha mu byo ukora bifitiye inyungu rusange abenegihugu, transparence des actions d‘intéret public) bibagora kwitandukanya n’uwo murage mubi w’ibwami waducengeye mu misokoro no mu myumvire yacu.
Ingero mperaho n’ubwo ubu zireba FDU-INKINGI, ntabwo ari umwihariko kuri yo gusa kuko no mu yandi mashyaka avuga ko yimakaje umuco wa demokarasi, naho bitari shyashya. Ingero zanjye rero ni izi:
Nk’umunyamakuru mfite ishingano ntasimburwaho zo kugeza kuri rubanda amakuru y’ukuri kandi adafite aho abogamiye, cyane cyane igihe ari ibintu bireba inyungu rusange z’igihugu n’imibereho y’abaturage. Ni muri urwo rwego nifuje kumenya ibyerekeranye n’umwiherero w’inama-rukokoma (congrès) ya FDU-INKINGI ubu iteraniye i Bruxelles, ho mu gihugu cy’Ububiligi, ngo ntangarize abanyarwanda icyo igamije, uburyo yateguwe n’uko izagenda.
Muri uko gushaka gutunganya neza umurimo wanjye wo ku kugeza ku bantu amakuru nyakuri kuri uwo mwiherero w’inama-rukokoma (congrès) ya FDU-INKINGI n’ibizayikorerwa mo, nanyuze ku buyobozi bukuru bw’ishyaka ariko nsanga ikibazo cya wa murage w’ubwiru (guhishahisha n’ibintu bitari ngombwa, ahubwo biri mu nyungu rusange) ukiri inzitizi mu biyita ko bagendera ku muco wa demukarasi.
Dore bimwe mu bibazo nagejeje ku buyobozi bucyuye igihe bwa FDU-INKINGI no ku itsinda rikuriye ibyerekeranye n’amatora muri iryo shyaka n’ibisubizo nahawe:
« Muraho, muraho! Namenye ko muri FDU murimo kwitegura amatora. Mwampa amazina n’umwirondoro w’abiyamamariza imyanya y’ubuyobozi – les noms et profils de tous les candidats du bureau politique?
Igisubizo: « Dufite commission électorale qui gère le dossier [Ndlr: dufite itsinda rishinzwe ibyerekeranye n’ibyo by‘imyirondoro n’imigendekere y‘amatora]. Iyo commission ni yo yonyine ishobora gutanga de telles informations [Ndlr: ibyerekeranye n’ayo makuru usaba] ikanareba niba byemewe. »
Kuri iki kibazo cyanjye twakwita muri rusange n’ubusabe, itsinda rishinzwe ibyerekeranye n’ibyo by‘imyirondoro n’imigendekere y‘amatora ryo na n’igisubizo namba ryampaye kandi nari naryandikiye ndimwira ko byihutirwa. Nagerageje no guhamagara ariko ubwiru buba ubwiru…
Umunsi ukurikira nisunze umwe mu barwanashyaka usanzwe ukunda cyane byimazeyo FDU-INKINGI, uyu akaba anifuza ko nayibera umuyoboke n‘umuvugizi, mbinyujije mu murimo wanyje w’itangazamakuru. Namugejejeho ikibazo cyanjye uko nari nakigejeje ku buyobozi bwa FDU ngira nti :
«Wampa amakuru ku mazina n’incamake y’umwirondoro w’abahatanira kuyobora ishyaka (Noms et profil de tous les candidats du Bureau Politique) ko mbikeneye mu nyandiko ndimo gutegura?»
Igisubizo: « Andikira kuri email abakuriye ishyaka (by’umwihariko umukuru w’ishyaka). […] Ubimwoherereze no kuri watsapp ye. Ndumva ibyo ntakibazo kirimo rwose arabiguha, kandi ibyo si amabanga agomba guhishwa. […] natabiguha [uretse ko ntumva n’uburyo yabikwima] uzambwire nzabiguha…»
Kubera ko uyu murwanashyaka w’inshuti yanjye ntari namubwiye uko byangendekeye, nirengeje umunsi umwe ndogera mwoherereza ubutumwa bugufi kuri telefoni ye ngendanwa gira nti :
«…Komera komera…. Bwakeye bwakeye nshuti ! Wampa noneho amazina n’umwirondoro w’abiyamamaza (noms et profils des candidats) ko […] bankinnye diplomatie!»
Ubutumwa bwanjye bwamaze munsi wose nta gisubizo. Ibi nabibonye nk’ibintu bidasanzwe kuri njye, nkurikije uko njye n’uyu murwanashyaka w’inshuti-magara twari dusanzwe twandikirana umunota ku munota. Byanyanze mu nda ndamuhamagara ntiyanyitaba, mbonye atanyitabye mpitamo kumwandikira ubundi butumwa buteye butya : «Ko wari wambwiye ngo mbanze nteze ubwega i bukuru ngo nibatabimpa wowe uzabimpa, none urabimpa cyangwa…?».
Igisubizo cy’uyu mushuti wanjye cyabaye nk’umuti usharira kuri njye, bintera no kwibaza ukuntu ampindutse/ahindutse. Mu mvugo y’umuntu wigengesera (ibintu bitari bisanzwe mu mibanire yanyje nawe) yaransubije ati : « C’est délicat. Sanction ni exclusion. [Ndlr: Ibintu ntibyoroshye! Ndamutse nguhaye ayo makuru bikamenyekana, ni ukwirukanwa burundu, sinabyirengera rero].»
Ngizo zimwe mu ngero zerekana ko tukiboshywe n’umurage mubi w’ubwiru kandi nyamara tuvuga ko tugendera ku mahame ya demokarasi (kudahishira ibifitiye igihugu na rubanda inyungu rusange, culture démocratique de transparence dans la recherche de l’intérêt public).
Ibyo nashoboye kumenya…
Mu gukomeza gushakisha uko nakwandika inkuru nyayo kuri aya matora, nageze aho nyura hirya no hino maze mbona amazina y’abiyamamariza imyanya y’ubuyobozi bwa FDU. Aya mazina y’abiyamamariza kuyobora FDU-Inkingi nayabonye mu ibanga rikomeye cyane. Dore urutonde rwa bo uko ruteye :
Ku mwanya wa perezida w’ishyaka hari : Bahunga Justin na Me Innocent Twagiramungu.
Ku mwanya wa abavisi perezida hakaba: Kayumba Placide na Kabera Fidèle.
Ku mwanya w’umubitsi ho hakaba umuntu umwe gusa witwa Mbonigaba Boniface.
Uwampaye amazina y’aba bagabo (dore ko nta mutegarugori ubarizwamo) yabaye nk’umbwira no mu ncamake aba bagabo abo ari bo. Yaramwiye ati: «Kabera ni umuntu ukiri muto kandi ari mubashinze ishyirahamwe Jambo (est un jeune, un des fondateurs de Jambo). Yakomeje ambwira ko Mbonigaba we atamuzi cyane. Ati «icyo nzi ni uko aba mu Budage. Yahageze mu myaka ya za 86 cyangwa 87.»
Nashatse kumenya ku byerekeranye n’uko amatora ateganijwe n’uburyo ibarura ry’amajwi rizakorwa ariko mbura aho mvana amakuru nyayo. Nibajije niba buri gihugu kizohereza amajwi yacyo cyangwa hazabarwa gusa amajwi y’abazaba bari i Bruxelles maze uwo nari nisunze ambwira ko ataramenya neza uko ibyo amatora ku bantu batazaba bari i Bruxelles n’imigendekere yayo biteganijwe.
Mubajije uwo baha amahirwe menshi ku mwanya wa Visi perezida wa kabiri, yarambwiye ati : «Yewe, sinakubeshya. Bose bafite amahirwe angana. Gusa njye ntekereza ko Justin Bahunga ariwe ushobora gutorwa kubera ko afite uburambe mu ishyaka kurusha Me Innocent Twagiramungu ; byongeye kandi akaba ari n’umuntu w’inararibonye (un homme qui a plus d’expérience et de sagesse).»
Muri babiri ni nde uzasimbura Bukeye ?
Nyuma yo kumara imyaka ine ku buyobozi bw’ishyaka, ubu Bukeye ntiyemerewe kujya ku rutonde rw’abashobora guhatanira kuyobora ishyaka, bityo rero hakaba hagomba kuboneka abandi bahatanira ku musimbura kuri uwo mwanya. Mui abo abo twashoboye kumenya bidashidikanwa ho ni Me Innocent Twagiramungu na Justin Bahunga. Amakuru dufitiye gihamya aremeza ko ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ishyaka bweye ubusabe bw’aba bagabo bombi kandi ko itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura ibirebana n’amatora ryemeje bidasubirwa ho ko bujuje ibisabwa byose.
FDU-INKINGI ubu rero igeze mu rubuga rw’amahina, aho muri aba baharanira gusimbura Bukeye bitazaborohera, kuko uzaramuka atowe n’uzaba umwungirije bagomba gufatanya no gukora batikoresheje kugirango bagarurira ikizere abarwanashyaka n’abakunzi ba FDU.
Icyo abantu batekereza kuri aba bagabo bombi
Me Innocent Twagiramungu, uri mu biyamamaza ni umuntu uzi kubana neza n’abandi ariko bigora kwerekana aho ahagaze nyakuri mu bya politiki. Abenshi twaganiriye bemeza ko ashobora kugirira akamaro ishyaka aramatse atowe ariko ngo ntazi gufata ibyemezo-ndakuka (position) ku bibazo ibi n’ibi bikomeye, kabone n’iyo hari bamwe byarakaza.
Aba babivuga bemeza ko ari aho ishyaka ryagiye ripfira kuko akenshi abagiye bariyobora nyuma ya Victoire Ingabire bagiye berekana intege nke muri iyo nzira, bigatuma babarwa nk’«abateruzi b’ibibindi» byo muri RNC.
Uko abandi babibona: Icyo Me Innocent Twagiramungu na Justin Bahunga (na we uri mu biyamamaza) bahuriyeho, ni uko bombi mu mikorere yabo, bagendera ku magi. Ni abantu bubaha bakanubahiriza cyane amabwiriza n’amategeko avuye i bukuru, kabone n’iyo yaba afutamye. Ni abantu ubona akenshi basa n‘abashishikajwe no kugendana n’ibyemejwe cyangwa ibyavuzwe (rapport) ariko baterekana uruhande bo ubwabo baherereyemo. Bombi ni abantu badashobora gutinyuka ngo babe bavuguruza mu ruhame ubakuriye, cyangwa ubagejejeho igitekerezo iki n’icyi. Ni abantu ubona akenshi batavugira mu ruhame cyangwa ngo bagaragaze ibitekerezo byabo uko biri; bahora bigengesereye kuri buri jambo.
Ni abantu badashobora kwikubita ngo babe bakwegura igihe ari ngombwa, nk’igihe iki n’iki kitakozwe neza uko bigomba cyangwa igihe hagaragaye muri iki n’iki ukutumvikana gukabije n’amakimbirane. Ni abantu bihambira bakagerageza gukora neza ibyo bashinzwe, kabone n’iyo umuriro waba urimo kwaka hagati y’abo bakorana; muri make ni abantu bahora bigengesereye, bagamije kutagira uwo babangamira cyangwa ngo barakaze.
Umwihariko kuri Me Twagiramungu Innocent ni uko we iyo akwisanzuraho akubwiza ukuri kwe kose n’uburyo yirinda guhangara n’ibifi binini.
Ngibyo iby’amatora y’abayobozi ba FDU-Inkingi n’ibirebana n’abayobozi bayo bashya dutegereje kumenya ejo niba bidahindutse. Ikigaragara muri aya matora ni uko Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza, washinze akanayobora iryo shyaka mbere y’uko aba bayobozi bamugambanira, akibona mu rwasaya rw’intare, atavuzweho cyane. Wagirango ntiyigeze abaho ku byerekeye ishingwa n’imiyoborere y’iryo shyaka.
Ishyaka FDU-Inkingi ryashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2006, rishinzwe n’abari bahuriye mu mashyaka ya politiki atandukanye, ataravugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’i Kigali. Mu barishinze bakanariyobora, barimo madame Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza wari umuyobozi waryo, visi perezida wa mbere Ndahayo Eugène, visi perezida wa kabiri Dr Emmanuel Mberabahizi, na Jean-Marie Vianney Ndagijimana wari wagizwe umunyamabanga mukuru. Aba bose nta n’umwe ukibarizwa muri iri shyaka kubera impamvu tuzabagezaho mu nkuru yacu itaha.


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Urwandiko rwa II rwa Timoteo.
Urwandiko rwa II rwa Timoteo rukomeza gutanga impanuro (reba 1:6, 2:1, 15 nicya 4:5) ariko kandi harimo n’impanuro zigenewe Itorero. Ijambo rikuru n’impanuro rikwiriye Itorero rya none riri mu 2:2 “ibyo wanyumvanye imbere y’abahamya benshi, ubimenyeshe abagabo bo kwizerwa bazabyigisha abandi” muri icyo cyanditse harimo ingamba z’Imana zo gutoza abigishwa.
No muri Timoteo wa 1 nuwa II ndetse no muri Tito ibyo kandi nibitabo buri mushumba wese akwiye guhora asoma mu kwihugura. Umva ibivugwa 2:15 “Ujye ugira umwete wo kwishyira Imana nk’ushimwa, umukozi udakwiriye kugira ipfunwe, ukwiriranya neza ijambo ry’ukuri.” Nk’abashumba umwe mumihamagaro yacu nukwiga Bibiliya!
Dore incamake yigitabo cya Timoteo wa II.
I. Indamukanyo (1:1-2)
II. Ishimwe Paulo ashimira Timoteo (1:3-7)
III. Timoteo yibutswa inshingano ze (1:8-18)
IV. Imyifatire y’umugaragu wizerwa (2:1-26)
V. Ibyo umugaragu wizerwa akwiye kwirinda (3:1-17)
VI. Gukangurirwa kubwiriza ijambo (4:1-5)
VII. Kugubwa neza kw’umugaragu wizerwa (4:6-18)
VIII. Indunduro n’intashyo (4:19-22)