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Ku mugoroba w’uwa Kane Mutagatifu, mu Misa y’Isangira ritagatifu, aho tuzirikana iremwa ry’Ukaristiya n’iry’Ubusaseridoti, ndetse Yezu Kristu akaturaga urukundo, niho twinjira mu Ibanga rya Pasika muri ya Minsi Nyabutatu ya Pasika, itwinjiza mu guhimbaza Ibabara, Urupfu n’Izuka bya Nyagasani Yezu Kristu.
Misa yo kuwa Kane Mutagatifu nimugoroba, niyo bita Misa y’Isangira rya nyuma rya Nyagasani, ubwo mu rukundo rwe rwinshi yakunze abe, araye ari budupfire, “uko yagakunze abe bari munsi, abakunda byimazeyo” (Yh 13, 1).
Nibwo yatanze umubiri we ho ikiribwa agira ati: “Nimwakire murye, iki ni umubiri wanjye“(Mt 26, 26) n’amaraso ye ayatangaho ikinyobwa agira ati: “Iki ni amaraso yanjye y’Isezerano, amenewe abantu batabarika” (Mk 14, 24), bityo aba aremye Isakaramentu ry’Ukaristiya; arangije abwira Abigishwa be ati: “Mujye mubikora namwe bibe urwibutso rwanjye” (Lk 22, 19), bityo aba aremye Isakaramentu ry’Ubusaserdoti.
Muri make, iyo misa y’Isangira rya nyuma itwibutsa iremwa ry’ayo masakaramentu yombi, ashingiye ku rukundo, kuko Yezu Kristu yashatse kugumana natwe igihe cyose, uko ubwe abitubwira: “Dore kandi ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose, kugeza igihe isi izashirira” (Mt 28, 20).
Nk’uko tubisanga mu Gitabo cy’Imihango ya liturijiya iyobowe n’Umwepiskopi “Cérémonial des évêques“1:
Liturujiya ya Misa y’uwa Kane Mutagatifu yibutsa ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi: Iremwa ry’Ukaristiya, iremwa ry’Ubusaserdoti bw’Isezerano rishya, ndetse n’Urukundo ruhebuje Yezu yakunze abe kugeza ku ndunduro.Reba Igitabo cy’Imihango ya liturijiya iyobowe n’Umwepiskopi Cérémonial des évêques, no 297
1. IREMWA RY’UKARISTIYA: Iremwa ry’Ukaristiya rihora ritwibutsa Pasika ya Nyagasani Yezu Kristu, kugeza igihe azazira mu Ikuzo rye: “Igihe kigeze, ajya ku meza hamwe n’Intumwa ze, maze arazibwira ati ‘Nifuje cyane gusangira namwe iyi Pasika, ntarababara. Ndababibabwiye: nta bwo nzongera kuyirya, itaruzurizwa mu Ngoma y’Imana’ ” (Lk 22, 14-16)
Clearance of sildenafil is via 5 principal pathways of oxidative metabolism, the majority of the dose being excreted in the faeces over 48 hours. tadalafil functioning associated with chronic illnesses or with aging..
Abigishwa be, kuwa kane Mutagatifu, Yezu yabasogongeje ku rupfu n’izuka bye, kuko umubiri wa Kristu bahawe, si umubiri We wari ugiye kubatangirwa gusa, ahubwo ni n’Umubiri wa Kristu wazutse. Mu bwenge bwa muntu ntibyumvikana, byakirwa gusa n’umutima wemera, uhamya ko nta kinanira Urukundo rw’Imana
The rational selection of therapy for patients is only cialis There were evidence of dilatations of the central veins, which contained lysed red blood cells and cyto-architectural distortions of the hepatocytes and centrilobular haemorrhagic necrosis..
2. IREMWA RY’UBUSASERIDOTI: Mu misa y’Isangira rya nyuma, Kiliziya isingiza Nyagasani na none kubera Isakramentu ry’Ubusaseridoti yayihangiye, kugira ngo ibanga rya Pasika rizahore rihimbazwa igihe Kiliziya itura Igitambo cy’Ukaristiya mu biganza by’umusaseridoti.
Iryo banga ry’ubusaseridoti rigaragarira mu magambo Yezu yabwiye intumwa ze agira ati “mujye mubikora namwe bibe urwibutso rwanjye”(Lk 22, 19). Nk’uko Inama nkuru ya Vatikani ya II ibivuga Ukaristiya niyo Ihatse ubukungu bwa Kiliziya, kandi Ukaristiya ikomoka ku Gitambo cy’Ukarastiya cyatuwe n’Umusaseridoti:
Abasaseridoti nibo bashinzwe gutanga Amasakaramentu, by’umwihariko Isakarament ry’Ukaristiya, “kuko Amasakaramentu, n’ibindi byiza byose Kiliziya itanga, bishingiye kuri Ukaristiya kandi niyo biganishaho, kuko Ukaristiya Ntagatifu ibumbye ibyiza byose n’ubukungu bwose mu by’Imana Kiliziya ibitse”Kimwe mu bitabo 16 by’Inama Nkuru ya Vatikani ya II kivuga ku Butumwa n’ubuzima bw’Abasaseridoti (Presbyterorum Ordinis), numero ya 5
Mutagatifu Yohani Pawulo wa II, mu Ibaruwa ye ya Gishumba yitwa “Kiliziya ibeshwaho n’Ukaristiya”, aho agira ati:
“Niba Ukaristiya ari izingiro n’ubushorishori by’ubuzima bwa Kiliziya, ni na ko ari izingiro n’ubushorishori by’umurimo wa Gisaseridoti”. Muri urwo rwandiko kandi akomoza ku gitabo cy’Inama Nkuru ya Vatikani ya 2 kivuga ku Butumwa n’Ubuzima bw’Abasaseridoti aho agira ati: “Inama Nkuru ya Vatikani ya 2 ibona mu rukundo rw’umurimo wa gisaseridoti ko ari ho hari ipfundo rihuza ubuzima bwabo n’ubutumwa bwabo… kuko urwo rukundo ruturuka ‘mbere na mbere ku Gitambo cy’Ukaristiya, ari nacyo shingiro n’umuzi by’ubuzima bwose bw’umusaseridoti’ “Ibaruwa ya Mutagatifu Papa Yohani Pawulo wa II, Kiliziya ibeshwaho n’Ukaristiya (Ecclesia De Eucharistia Vivit) numero ya 31. Igitabo cy’Inama Nkuru ya Vatikani ya II, kivuga ku Butumwa n’ubuzima bw’Abasaseridoti (Presbyterorum Ordinis), numero ya 14
Muri make, nta wavuga Ukaristiya atavuze ubusaseridoti, kimwe n’uko nta wavuga ubusaseridoti atavuze Igitambo cy’Ukaristiya, kuko Umusaseridoti atura Igitambo cy’Ukaristiya mu izina rya Kristu (In Persona Christi).
3. UMURAGE W’URUKUNDO: Urukundo niwo murage Yezu Kristu yahaye abamwemera n’abazamwemera bose. By’umwihariko mu Isangira rya nyuma, uko Yohani Intumwa abitubwira, “uko yagakunze abe bari munsi abakunda byimazeyo…Nuko asuka amazi ku ibesani, atangira koza ibirenge by’abigishwa be” (Yh 13, 1b.5). Ni ikimenyetso gikomeye abahaye, ariko ni n’urugero, mbese ni umurage ukomeye, ariko kandi ni n’itegeko: “Mbahaye itegeko rishya: nimukundane, kandi mukundane nk’uko nabakunze. Icyo bose bazamenyeraho ko muri abigishwa banjye, ni urukundo muzaba mufitanye.” (Yh 13, 34-35). Ikimenyetso gikomeye cyo kwicisha bugufi Yezu yakoze yoza ibirenge by’abigishwa be (Yoh 13, 5), kigenura iby’urwo rukundo rutagira umupaka Nyagasani yakunze abe, ariko kikanerekana uburyo Nyagasani yifuzaga ko abasaserdoti b’Isezerano rishya bamera: “Aho mwumvise ibyo maze kubagirira? Munyita Umwigisha na Nyagasani, ni koko muvuga neza, kuko ndi We. Ubwo rero mumbogeje ibirenge, kandi ndi Nyagasani n’umwigisha, namwe murajye mwozanya ibirenge ubwanyu” (Yh 13, 12-14).
Yezu Kristu, mu Isakaramentu Ritagatifu ry’Ukaristiya , atubera icyarimwe Igitambo, Ifunguro n’Inshuti tubana:
- Yezu Kristu atubera Igitambo kuko mu gihe dutura igitambo cy’Ukaristiya tuba duhimbaza Pasika ya Nyagasni Yezu. Mutagatifu Papa Yohani Pawulo wa 2, abivuga agira ati: “Mu Misa iyo, ku buryo bw’Isakaramentu, kristu yongeye kwitangaho Igitambo cyujujwe n’izuka rye, bivuga ko aba ahibereye ku buryo budasanzwe” (Ibaruwa “Kiliziya ibeshwaho n’Ukaristiya”, numero ya 15). Arongera akagira ati: “Misa yongera kudusubiza imbere y’igitambo cyo ku musaraba, ntabwo iza ikiyongeraho nta n’ubwo ibigira byinshi…Ni cya Gitambo cy’agakiza twaronkeye muri Kristu, We Gitambo kimwe rukumbi kandi ndasimburwa” ( Ibaruwa “Kiliziya ibeshwaho n’Ukaristiya”, numero ya 12 )
- Yezu Kristu atubera ifunguro kuko, nk’uko abitubwira ubwe, ati “nimwakire murye”, “nimwakire munywe”. Igihe tumuhabwa muri Ukaristiya aratwiha koko, kugira ngo atubesheho. Na mbere y’uko yinjira muri iyo Minsi Mitagatifu yuzurizamo iryo banga ry’ugucungurwa kwacu, yari yarahishuye ko ari We ubeshaho abamwemera: “Ni jyewe mugati utanga ubugingo. Unsanga wese ntazasonza bibaho, n’unyemera ntazagira inyota bibaho” (…) “Ni jye mugati muzima wamanutse mu ijuru. Urya uwo mugati azabaho iteka; kandi umugati nzatanga, ni umubiri wanjye, kugira ngo isi igire ubugingo.” (Yh 6, 35.51). Muri uyu mutwe wa 6 w’Ivanjili ya Yohani, Yezu Kristu ahishura ku buryo bweruye iby’iryo banga ry’uko yifuza kutubere ifunguro, no kutubeshaho kugera mu bugingo bw’iteka.
- Yezu Kristu atubera Inshuti tubana. Iyo tumaze gutura Igitambo cy’ukaristiya kandi tugahabwa Yezu mu Ukaristiya, ntabwo birangirira aho, tugomba no kuzirikana ko Yezu ari inshuti tubana, niyo mpamvu Kiliziya idutoza umugenzo mwiza wo Gushengerera Yezu kristu. Ubwe mu Ivanjili aduhishurira ishingiro ry’ubwo bucuti bwacu na We: “Nta wagira urukundo ruruta urw’umuntu uhara amagara ye, kubera incuti ze. Muba muri incuti zanjye, igihe mukora icyo mbategetse. Jye sinkibita abagaragu, kuko umugaragu atamenya icyo shebuja akora; ahubwo mbise incuti, kuko nabamenyesheje ibyo numvanye Data byose” (Yh 15, 13-15)
Iri banga ry’uwa Kane Mutagatifu, uyu mwaka wa 2020 turihimbaje turi mu bihe bidasanzwe, aho isi yose yugarijwe n’icyorezo cya Koronavirusi, ku buryo hari ibihinduka muri Liturujiya isanzwe y’uwa Kane Mutagatifu. By’umwihariko umugenzo wo gushengerera nyuma y’Itambo cya misa.
Yezu Kristu mumwakire mu Ijambo rye mu kurizirikana neza, kandi mumugaragarize ukwemera n’inyota mumufitiye mu kumwifuza no kumuhabwa ku buryo bwa roho! Nta kabuza arabasanga kandi arabiha maze imitima yanyu inezerwe! Mwifatanye na We mu mutima wanyu, musangire mu rugo mufite uko kwemera. Nta kabuza arabasanga maze imitima yanyu inezerwe: “Umuntu unkunda, azubaha Ijambo ryanjye, Data azamukunda, maze tuzaze iwe tubane nawe” (Yh 14, 23); “Basigara babwirana bati ‘Mbega ukuntu imitima yacu yari yuzuye ibinezaneza, igihe yatuganirizaga adusobanurira ibyanditswe! (Lk 24, 32)
Mwemerere Yezu abasange iwanyu, maze musangire na We, iyi Pasika ye, kuko yifuje cyane ko muyisangirira nawe aho iwanyu, muri Kiliziya y’imuhira, Kiliziya y’ibanze:
-“Yezu atuma Petero na Yohani, arababwira ati ‘Nimujye kudutegurira Pasika kugira ngo tuyirye’. Baramubwira bati “Urashaka ko tujya kuyitegurira hehe?’ Arabasubiza ati Mukigera mu murwa, murahasanga umuntu wikoreye ikibindi cy’amazi. Mumukurikire mu nzu ari bwinjiremo, maze mubwire nyir’urugo muti ‘Umwigisha aravuze ngo: Icyumba cyanjye nza kuriramo Pasika…kiri hehe?” (Lk 22, 8-11)
N’ubu Yezu arashaka aho kurira Pasika! Mwemerere kuza iwawe ngo aharire Pasika, musangire Pasika, wishidikanya mwemerere, umutegurire icyumba maze musangire Pasika. Nta kabuza araza!
-“Byongeye kandi ndababwira ukuri: niba babiri muri mwe ku isi bashyize hamwe ngo bagire icyo basaba bazagihabwa na Data uri mu ijuru. Koko, iyo babiri cyangwa batatu bateranye mu izina ryanjye mba ndi aho hagati yabo.” (Mt 18, 19-20).
-Gumana natwe natwe Nyagasani kuko bugorobye, umunsi ukaba uciye ikibu. Nuko arinjira, kugira ngo agumane na bo” (Lk 24, 29)
Komisiyo ishinzwe uburyo bw’Itumanaho n’Ibikorwa Ndangamuco muri Diyosezi ya Kibungo
Padiri Dieudonné UWAMAHORO, Umuyobozi wa Komisiyo


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Abaturage bavuga ko abana b’uwo mugabo witabye Imana, bapfa inzu iherereye mu Biryogo, ibamo umugore we wa gatandatu binavugwa ko ari we w’isezerano. Icyakora, abana bavutse ku bandi bagore batanu basigaye ntibabikozwa, ndetse bashaka kuyimusohoramo.
Ni amakimbirane yafashe indi ntera mbere y’inama y’abakuru b’ibihugu na za Guverinoma bikoresha Icyongereza, CHOGM, yabereye mu Rwanda muri Kamena 2022.
Muri icyo gihe ngo ubuyobozi bwasabye abatuye muri aka gace kahinduwe "car free zone" kuvugurura inzu zabo, kugira ngo zise neza.
Umwe mu bana b’uyu mugore wa nyuma yabwiye IGIHE ko abavandimwe bo ku bandi bagore bari guhakana ko nyina ari umugore w’isezerano, ndetse bashaka ko ava mu nzu yasigiwe na se.
Avuga ko banafite mpungenge z’uko ubwo bajyaga ku Murenge wa Nyamirambo gusaba impapuro zigaragaza ko nyina ari we mugore wemewe wa se, ubuyobozi bwababwiye ko ntazo bufite kuko basezeranye mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994, bubagira inama yo kugana inkiko.
Yagize ati "Mama ni we mugore w’isezerano wa papa, ariko ubu bamwe mu bavandimwe bari kubihakana kandi afite n’impapuro zibigaragaza, ku buryo bari gushaka ko ava mu nzu iri mu Biryogo."
Yakomeje ati "Ikibazo cyaje ubwo batubwiraga ngo tuvugurure inzu, tubasaba ko nabo bagiramo uruhare, barabyanga, ahubwo batangira kuvuga ngo mama si umugore w’isezerano ngo nayivemo, ngo nanjye umwana wa nyuma wa papa narakuze, mu gihe hari impapuro zigaragaza ko ari we mugore w’isizerano."
Abana bo ku bagore bakuru bavuga ko batazi niba se yarasezeranye n’uyu mugore muto, ahubwo ngo bashidutse yariyandikishijeho imitungo yose.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Nyarugenge, Murekatete Patricie, yemeje ko ikibazo cy’amakimbirane ari muri uyu muryango bakimenye.
Ati "Ikibazo twarakimenye turimo kugikurikirana."
Abatuye muri aka gace ka Biryogo basaba inzego zibishinzwe gukurikirana iki kibazo, cyane ko amakimbirae ashingiye ku mitungo ari amwe mu biteza umutekano muke, ndetse hari n’abashobora kuhaburira ubuzima.

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kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Uburezi (REB), cyongereye igihe cyo gupiganira imyanya yo kuyobora amashuri yisumbuye, kugeza tariki ya 21 Nzeri 2020, kandi cyemerera abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri abanza gupiganira kuyobora amashuri yisumbuye.
Itangazo rya REB ryongera iminsi yo gupiganira iyo myanya kandi ryemerera buri wese ubishaka kandi ubifitiye impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu burezi gupiganira iyo myanya, igihe afite uburambe mu kazi bw’imyaka itanu kuzamura yigisha cyangwa yarigishije mu mashuri yisumbuye.
Itangazo kandi ryemerera buri muntu ufite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu ishami iryo ari ryo ryose kuba yapigana, igihe yongeyeho amahugurwa mu burezi akabiherwa impamyabushobozi ya (Diploma).
Iryo tangazo rirakuraho urujijo ku bayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri abanza bavugaga ko batemerewe gupiganira kuyobora ibigo by’amashuri yisumbuye, kandi rimwe na rimwe ibyo bigo barahoze babiyobora bitarazamurwa mu ntera ngo bigirwe amashuri yisumbuye.
Mu kiganiro Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REB, Dr. Irenée Ndayambaje yagiranye na Kigali Today kuri uyu wa 16 nzeri 2020, yavuze ko umuntu umaze imyaka itanu yigisha mu mashuri yisumbuye aba amaze kugira ubunararibonye ku buryo yayobora ikigo.
Yavuze kandi ko umuntu umaze igihe ayobora amashuri abanza yazamuwe akaba ayisumbuye wakoze neza akazi kandi akazamura ikigo cye, ashobora gupiganira kuyobora ishuri ryisumbuye kandi dosiye ye igahabwa agaciro ku bw’ibyo bikorwa byiza yakoze.
Yagize ati “Dosiye zizasuzumwa hakurikijwe uko uwo muntu yakoze, niba yararanzwe no guteza imbere ikigo, agakora neza kandi bigaragarira mu byo yakoze bizarebwa uwo muntu yakwemererwa kuyobora ishuri ryisumbuye”.
Icngo igihe cyose waba ufite uburambe mu kazi kandi ukora neza ariko udafite imyamyabumenyi y’ikiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza, ntabwo wemerewe gupiganira umwanya ku buyobozi bw’ikigo cy’ishuri ryisumbuye kuko bitemewe mu burezi kuyobora abakurusha amashuri.
Ku bindi bisabwa ngo umuntu yemererwe gupiganira kuyobora mu mashuri yisumbuye harakomeza gukurikizwa ibiri mu itangazo ryo ku wa 25 Kanama 2020.


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Nyuma y’imyaka itatu itsinda ryitwaga Dream Boyz ryari rigizwe na Platin Nemeye na Mujyanama Claude. ritandukanye ryongeye guhuza imbaraga bahurira ku rubyiniro.
Platin P na TMC bahuriye ku rubyiniro kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki 12 Ugushyingo mu gitaramo bakoreye muri Portland Maine muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za America mu bitaramo bizenguruka America Platin P arimo gukora yise “Platinustour”.
Itsinda rya Dream Boyz ryatandukanye 2019 ubwo TMC yasozaga icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza agafata umwanzuro wo gukomereza amasomo ye mu mahanga bikarangira Platin P yanzitse agakora indirimbo ze bwite, ibintu na TMC yaje kuyoboka budakeye kabiri.
Iri tsinda rizwi cyane mu muziki nyarwanda mu myaka isaga 10 ryamaze rikorana, ndetse ryakanyujijeho rikundwa n’abatari bake.


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Australia: Korali Beraka yashyize hanze indirimbo “Ineza”yongera kubwira abantu ineza y’Imana ihindura ibintu byose
Korali Beraka ikorera umurimo w’ivugabutumwa ry’indirimbo mu mu itorero ryitwa IPPC International Pentecost Prophetical Church / Adelaide South Australia yashyize hanze indirimbo “Ineza” ni ndirimbo yongera kubwira abantu ko Yesu ariwe uzi ibibagoye kandi afite n’ubushobozi bwo kubakiza.
Iyi ndirimbo yiswe “Ineza ”ikomeza ivuga ineza Imana yagiriye abantu kuko buri muntu wese afite ibyo Iman yamukoreye ku giti cye ibyo abantu bazi nibyo batazi.
Korali Beraka imaze kwigarurira imitima ya benshi mu ivugabutumwa ry’indirimbo zihimbaza Imana muri Australia y’amajyepfo.iyi korali ihuriwemo n’abapentekote b’Abanyarwanda, Abarundi n’abanyekongo batuye muri Australia.
“Ineza”ni indirimbo ya kabiri igiye hanze kugira ngo ifashe imitima ya benshi, ije ikurikira indirimbo yitwa ” Utwigarurire” yari yasohotse mu kwezi kwa munani.
Dirigeant wa Korali Beraka , Vainqueur Sibomana, yabwiye NKUNDAGOSPEL ko iyi ndirimbo yongera kwibutsa abantu ineza y’Imana ko ariyo yabokoreye ibyo batari gushobora.
Yagize ati “ubutumwa bukubiye muri iyi ndirimbo nuko Yesu ari wenyine uzi ibyo ukeneye kurusha abandi bose,Yesu niwe mugaba wacu, birashoboka ko wabona umuntu afite byose byo munsi abantu barebesha amaso ariko hari ibindi byinshi bibabaje umutima we, ibyo byose ni Yesu wamwomora ibyo bikomere byo mu mutima.’’
Sibomana yakomeje avuga ko iyi ndirimbo yongera kubwira abanyamibabaro ko Imana igira neza nabo yabaruhura,iyo neza twashatse kuvuga ni yayindi Yesu abona igikwiriye gitandukanye nibyo abantu babona. kandi iyo neza y’Imana ihindura ibintu byose.
Korali Beraka ikora umurimo w’ivugabutumwa riciye mu ndirimbo mu itorero ryitwa IPPC International Pentecost Prophetical Church / Adelaide South Australia. Korali Beraka igizwe n’abapentekote b’Abarundi ,Abanyarwanda, n’Abanyecongo batuye muri Australia. Bakaba baririmba mu ndimi eshatu , ikinyarwanda, ikirundi n’igiswahili.Bereka yatangiye kuririmba mu kwezi kwa gatatu muri 2018, icyo gihe yitwaga korali EMMAUS ariko nyuma yashimye guhindura izina yitwa korali Beraka bisonanura ikibaya cy’ishimwe (2 Ngoma :20:26 Ku munsi wa kane Abayuda bateranira mu kibaya cya Beraka bahashimira Uwiteka, ni cyo cyatumye aho hantu hahimbwa ikibaya cya Beraka na n’ubu). Kugeza ubu bamaze gushyira hanze indirimbo ebyiri z’amajwi hari “Utwigarurire”, “Ineza” mu minsi iri mbere bazakomeza kujya bashira hanze izindi ndirimbo bari gukora.
izi ndirimbo ziri gukorwa na studio yitwa Source of Joy ya producer Leopord ikorera ku Gisozi.hakaba harifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, Korali Beraka yakoze recording y’amajwi iyohereza mu Rwanda mu buryo bwa Email. source of Joy gucurangamo ibicurangisho bitandukanye ndetse inakora mastering.
Muri gahunda bafite mu minsi iri mbere bifuza cyane kongera gukundisha no gukumbuza abantu iby’ijuru baririmba cyane indirimbo zivuga cyane ku ibyiza by’Ijuru kuko bafite ihishurirwa rikomeye ko kuririmbira abantu iby’Ijuru ari umuti w’indwara nyinshi. Kandi barasaba abantu babakunda ko babashyigikira bakasengera cyane Imana kugira ngo Yesu abashoboze kujya babona indirimbo zikora ku mitima ya benshi
UMVA HANO INDIRIMBO NSHYA “UTWIGARURIRE” YA KORALI BEREKA


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Kwitegereza inyoni
Kwitegereza inyoni [1]
Kuba U Rwanda ruherereye mu kibaya kigari cya Albertine, rukagira amashyamba menshi hamwe n’imisozi miremire bituma haba ibidukikije bikurura ubukerarugendo. Nubwo ari ruto (hafi 250 kms kuva iburasirazuba – iburengerazuba, kuri 150km kuva amajyaruguru-amajyepfo) rubarirwamo amoko arenga 670 y’inyoni, ukanahasanga kandi nanone inyoni nyinshi ziboneka gusa mu bibaya bya Albertine kurusha ibindi bihugu byose byo hanze uretse Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo.
Ibishanga n’ibiyaga byo muri pariki y’Akagera icumbikiye imisambi y’agahebuzo, kandi ni hamwe mu hantu ishobora kuboneka ku buryo bworoshye. Byongeye kandi, mu kagera uhasanga urwunge rw’amoko menshi y’minyinya n’urufunzo, hamwe n’inyoni zifite mu maso hatukura, iminwa miremire, izifite iminwa y’umweru cyangwa y’umukara zibera mu kiganiro cy’ubucuti; izifite imirizo y’umweru cyangwa igaye, n’izindi nyinshi. Amacumbi ry’Akagera ririmo kuvugururwa, uretse hari n’ayandi yacumbikirwamo mu gihe cyo gusura iyo Pariki. Ni urugendo rw’ingirakamaro gusura inyoni ntoya zifite amashyo yo kuzishyigikira y’inyamabere nini zirimo imvubu, inzovu na twiga.
Mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba, mu masaha make uvuye mu Kagera, Pariki y’Ishyamba rya Nyungwe ni icyanya kigari cy’Ishyamba ry’isugi, rimwe mu mashyamba magari ya kimeza muri Afurika ryiberamo amoko arenga 300 y’inyoni harimo amoko 27 y’umwihariko w’ako gace.
Notes[eindura | hindura inkomoko]
- ↑ "Kwitegereza inyoni". Archived from the original on 2012-01-20. Retrieved 2010-12-25.
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Umuhango wo kwimika Solange Masengo uzabera kuri City Light Foursquare Church Rwanda, itorero riherereye Kimironko, tariki ya 2 Ukwakira 2022 kuva saa Yine kugeza saa Saba n’Igice z’amanywa.
Kuri uyu munsi usibye Solange Masengo, hazanimikwa abandi bashumba barimo Umuramyi Benjamin Serugo na Nkundimana Noël usanzwe ayobora Itorero rya Foursquare Gospel Church mu Karere ka Rubavu.
Aba biyongeraho Ev. Huduma James, Muzirankoni Scovia na Alice bazasengerwa nk’abamisiyoneri cyangwa intumwa mu gihe Muhirwa Augustin usanzwe ari Umuyobozi muri Tele10 Rwanda na Ev. Felix Bideri uyobora Abayumbe mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari bazasengerwa nk’abakuru b’itorero.
Solange Masengo yabwiye IGIHE ko yishimiye intambwe Imana yamuteje akagirirwa icyizere cyo gusengerwa.
Yagize ati “Maze imyaka irenga 15 nkorera Imana hamwe n’umutware wanjye nshyigikira umuhamagaro yamuhaye. Kuba Imana yahisemo ko nimikwa nk’umushumba ni andi mahirwe nongerewe yo kuyikorera mu muhamagaro noneho dusangiye.’’
Ku rundi ruhande, Umuramyi Benjamin Serugo na Nkundimana Noël bagiye kwimikwa nk’abashumba nyuma y’imyaka isaga ine basengewe nk’abakuru b’itorero mu muhango wabaye ku wa 16 Nzeri 2018.
Nkundimana Noël yifashishije ijambo riri muri Luka 10:2 rigira riti “Arababwira ati ‘Ibisarurwa ni byinshi ariko abasaruzi ni bake, nuko mwinginge nyir’ibisarurwa ngo yohereze abasaruzi mu bisarurwa bye’’’ yavuze ko uyu murimo mwiza awishimira.
Yagize ati “Ndishimira ko nk’umwizera nanjye mfite umutwaro wo kuyoboza inzira y’agakiza no guhanura abarimbuka batamenye Umwami Yesu. Intego ni uko nibura abantu bahinduka, bakaba abigishwa ba Yesu.’’
“Dufite abantu tugomba kubwiriza aho dukorera, mu bo tungana, ubutumwa bwiza tukabuvuga mu nguni zose. Nishimiye ko Imana yangiriye icyizere. Ni ibintu byiyubashye, ntibiciriritse.’’
Yavuze ko umurimo w’Imana ukwiye gukoranwa umurava kandi ubutumwa bwiza bukwiye kugera ku babugenewe hakiri kare.
Ati “Dukwiye gukora ku manywa na nijoro kuko Satani na we ashyiramo imbaraga, ntaruhuka.’’
Nkundimana agiye kwimikwa nka pasiteri nubwo yari asanzwe akora izo nshingano mu itorero abereye umuyobozi rya Foursquare Church Rubavu.
Foursquare Gospel Church yageze mu Rwanda mu 2005, ifite icyicaro ku Kimironko mu Karere ka Gasabo. Ikorera mu Rwanda hose aho ifite amatorero arenga 30.


text:
Kuri uyu wa 9 Nzeri Minisiteri y’Uburezi (MINEDUC) yatangaje ingengabihe y’umwaka w’amashuri wa 2022 -2023 ko uzatangira tariki 26 Nzeri 2022.
Iri tangazo rya Minisiteri y’Uburezi yashyize ahagaragararikaba risohotse nyuma y’imyanzuro y’inama y’Abaminisitiri yari yateranye ku wa 8 Nzeri 2022 aho yavugaga ku bijyanye n’imyiteguro y’itangira ry’umwaka w’amashuri 2022/2023.
Hakaba hasohotse itangazo rero rivuga ko iyi ngengabihe ireba abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye uretse abanyeshuri bazajya mu mwaka wa mbere w’amashuri yisumbuye, abazajya mu mwaka wa kane ndetse no mu wa 3 mu mashuri ya tekinike, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro L3 (TVET).
Bamwe mu babyeyi baganiriye na NONAHA.com, bagiye bagaragazako bishimiye iri tangira ry’amashuri ngo kuko iyo abana batarajya ku ishuri ntabindi bikorwa bategura batuje.
Mahirwe Antoine, ni umubyeyi wo mu Karere ka Rwamagana yagize ati: “Kuba amashuri agiye gutangira biratunejeje ubu tugiye guteganyiriza abana bacu kugirango bazgende bafite ibikoresho by’ishuri n’amafaranga y’ishuri”.
Kankindi Ancilla nawe ni umubyeyi ufite umwana wakoze ikizamini cya Leta gisoza amashuri abanza.
yavuzeko ubwo hatangajwe igihe abandi banyeshuri bazatangirira nawe yizera ko uwe nawe azatangira vuba.
Abanyeshuri bategereje kujya mu mwaka wa mbere no mu wa kane w’amashuri yisumbuye, bo bakaba bazamenyeshwa igihe cyo gutangirira kuko amanota y’ibizamini bakoze bisoza ibyiciro bigagamo ataratangazwa.
Muri Nyakanga nibwo abanyeshuri 229.859 basoje amashuri abanza batangiye ibizamini bya leta, ari abyo bigomba kubahesha uburenganzira bwo kwimukira mu mashuri yisumbuye mu gihugu,mu gihe abakoze ibizamini bisoza icyiciro rusange, hiyandikishije 127,869, ari nabo bagomba kuvamo abajya mu


text:
Imashini ndende yo kuzunguruka
Ibisobanuro birambuye
Ibiranga ibicuruzwa
AMAKURU YUBUHANGA
Ibiranga imashini:
1.Ibishushanyo byihariye byihuta kugirango byongere umusaruro inshuro 2-3 ugereranije nubwoko bwa kera.
2.Birashobora kwirinda neza ibibazo byumurongo utambitse utambitse uhagaritse kumyenda ,, no gusiga amabara atandukanye.
3.Iyi mashini ikoreshwa cyane muburiri, itapi, igitambara cya korali, ikarita ya mahame,igitambaro, izuba-indabyo za veleti, igitambaro, ikirundo kinini, imyenda ya pinusi nibikoresho byose byimyenda.
4.Gukoresha ingufu nke.
5.Inshuro eshatu ubugenzuzi bufite ireme, gushyira mubikorwa ibipimo ngenderwaho byinganda.
6.Urusaku ruto & imikorere yoroshye itanga imikorere myiza yabakoresha.
7.Gerageza ibikoresho byose hanyuma ubike inyandiko kugirango ugenzure.
8.Ibice byose bishyirwa mububiko neza, umuzamu yandika ibintu byose hamwe na instock.
9.Fata inyandiko zose hamwe nizina ryumukozi, ushobora kubona umuntu ushinzwe intambwe.
10.Ikizamini cyimashini mbere yo gutanga kuri buri mashini.Raporo, amashusho na videwo bizahabwa abakiriya.
11.Ikipe ya tekinike yumwuga kandi wize cyane, imikorere irwanya kwambara cyane, imikorere irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi.


text:
Kuri uyu wa gatanu tariki 10 Kanama 2018 ihuriro ry’igihugu ry’urubyiruko ryakomeje. Habaye ibiganiro bibiri, kimwe ku muhamagaro, ikindi ku bibazo byugarije urubyiruko. Habaye igitambo cya Misa no gutambagiza umusaraba bazengurutse mu mugi wa Kamembe.
“GUSHISHOZA UMUHAMAGARO”/Mgr Prudence RUDASINGWA
Intg 1, 1-4 : Imana irema ijuru n’isi, ibintu n’abantu.
Musenyeri Prudence yahereye ku mugani w’ikinyarwanda ugira uti “Isuku igira isoko”. Yanagize ati “Musenyeri Bigirumwami Aloys yakundaga kuvugango mbere yo kwiha Imana banza ube umuntu, ube umunyarwanda, ube umukiristu”.
Imana yahamagaye ibintu byose ibivana mu busabusa, ibindi ibivana mu ruvangavange. Buri cyose Imana yagihamagariye kubaho ku buryo bwacyo. Buri cyose yagihaye ubutumwa bwihariye
.
Umuhamagaro wa mbere na mbere ni ukubaho. Imana yahamagariraga buri kintu Kubaho. Imana ntiyaremye yikinira. Ibyo tubona byose hari impamvu yabyo. Imana yabiremye ibikunze. Ibyaremwe byose bifite umumaro wabyo. Uwo mumaro ni umuhamagaro.
Imana yaremye Muntu mu ishusho yayo. Yamuhaye ubwenge. Yamuhaye ubwigenge. Yamuhaye urukundo. Urwo rukundo rutuma muntu asabana na mugenzi we abukomora muri wa mushyikirano uranga Ubutatubutagatifu.
Imana iduhamagarira kuba ishusho yayo. Mujeni Imana iraguhamagarira gusa nayo. Utandukanye ikibi n’ikiza. Ujye ukora igikwiye kijyanye n’ugushaka kw’Imana. Yaguhaye ubwigenge ariko ntiyakugize ikigenge. Yaguhaye n’ubwenge ngo umenye gushishoza.
Yezu araduhamagara ngo tumubere umuhamya mu bantu. Yezu yabwiye abigishwa be ati « Mbahaye itegeko rishya ». Twaba abihayimana, twakubaka ingo, twese mbere na mbere duhamagarirwa kwitagatifuza mu rukundo.
“IBIBAZO BYUGARIJE URUBYIRUKO” /Padiri Balthazar NTIVUGURUZWA
Yezu yigize umuntu ngo asangire na twe akabisi n’agahiye. Ibibazo byacu byose arabizi. Ibibazo byacu ahanini bishingiye ku mateka yacu nk’abanyarwanda. Urubyiruko ku isi hose rufite ibibazo binyuranye harimo ibi bikurikira
recognizes the value of altering modifiable risk factors tadalafil for sale used to support the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction, but.
.
Ikibazo gishingiye ku mpungenge z’ejo hazaza. Ubukene, ubushomeri, intambara, ubuhunzi, ibibazo byo mu miryango,
Ikoreshwa nabi ry’ibintu byo ku isi nabyo biri mu bibazo urubyiruko rufite.
Ibibazo biterwa no gukoresha nabi ikoranabuhanga. Bikurura ibinyoma, ibikorwa by’urukozasoni nk’ababana bahuje ibitsina, gufata abana ku ngufu. Kwigereranya n’abastar ku isi.
Ikindi kibazo ni ukudasobanukirwa n’ubuzima icyo ari cyo. Kumvako ubuzima burangirira mu byifuzo n’ibyiyumviro by’umubiri.
Gutwarwa n’ibigezweho
• CHF (III, IV)The vast majority of patients will need to consider direct cialis without prescription.
. Kwiringira imbaraga zacu byonyine. Ubwenge n’ubushobozi byacu twenyine.
Kubihirwa n’ubuzima biganisha mu buzererezi, kwicuruza, kwiyahura no kwinjira mu mitwe y’iterabwoba. Ibiyobyabwenge by’amoko yose.
Imitekerereze n’imyumvire byadutse bitugeza ku ngirwandangagaciro
Ku Bajene bo mu Rwanda by’umwihariko :
- Kubura uburere bw’ibanze mu muryango biterwa no kubyara abana benshi.
- Umubano mubi w’ababyeyi utuma batita ku bana.
- Ubusambanyi buhoraho kubera inkwano ihenze.
- Gusimbuka inzego no gukira vuba.
- Ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina.
- Kugira inshingano z’umuryango imburagihe kubera kuba impfubyi.
- Kutiga kaminuza kubera kubura amikoro kandi ufite ubushake n’uburenganzira uhabwa n’uko watsinze neza ayisumbuye.
- Ingirwamadini zibeshya abantu.
- amateka y’igihugu cyacu yatugejeje ku macakubiri na genocide.
- Indwara z’ibyorezo n’izindi zidakira.
- Kugirwa igikoresho n’abakomeye bigusha mu bucakara bwa sugar mamy na dady.
Mu nyigisho Kiliziya itanga tuhasanga ibisubizo bimwe na bimwe. Izo nyigisho izivana mu Ijambo ry’Imana, no mu mateka yayo.
Indangagaciro Kiliziya igarukaho :
- Kubera ukuntu ikoranabuhanga risigaye ritworoheraza mu kinyoma, turasabwa kwimika ukuri.
- Ubutabera n’amahoro bijyana n’inshingano. Uburenganzira hari igihe butwibagiza ko dufite inshingano.
- Urukundo Yezu yaturaze. Urukundo ni yo ntwaro ikomeye yatuma duhangana n’ibibazo duhura na byo. Urukundo nyarukundo, rumwe rutari urwo ku rurimi gusa.
Inama Papa Fransisiko atugira. Papa aradusaba kudatinya. Muri Yezu ni ho dusanga urumuri rudufasha guhangana n’ibibazo duhura na byo. Malayika azaniye ubutmwa Mariya yaramubwiye ati wigira ubwoba kuko wagize ubutoni ku Mana
. Papa adusaba kwiyakira uko turi. Anatugira inama yo kudahunga ibibazo, kudahunga urugamba. Hari abahunga imiryango yabo, ibihugu byabo. Hari abahungira mu biyobyabwenge. Anatugira inama yo gutinyuka tugahanga udushya. Adusaba kugisha inama abakuru. Mbere ya byose Papa adusaba gukunda Imana no kuyiha umwanya w’ibanze mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.


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Hari igihe ushobora kubabara nyuma yo gutera akabariro ,ibyo bigaterwa n'impmavu zitandukanye ushobora kuba ufite mu mubiri , rimwe na rimwe hari igihe biza ari ikimenyetso cy'uburwayi cyangwa ari ibintu bisanzwe .
Ari ku bagabo no ku bagore bose bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kubabara mu nda nyuma yo gutera akabariro ,ariko hari n'impamvu zihariye kuri buri gitsina bitewe n'imirere yacyo .
Dore Impamvu 6 zitera kubabara mu nda nyuma yo gutera akabariro ku bagore no ku bagabo
Hari impamvu ibitsina byombi bihuriraho zituma ushobora kubabara mu nda nyuma yo gutera akabariro zirimo
1.Kurangiza
burya kurangiza bishobora gutera kubabara mu nda ,ibi bigaterwa nuko iyo urangije imikaya yiyegeranya , iyo rero ikomeje kwiyegeranya ntihite irekura bishobora gutera ububabare mu kiziba cy'inda .
2.Kunanirwa kw'imikaya
Iyo umuntu atera akabariro ,ahanini ku mpande zombi bakoresha imbaraga nyinshi ngo barusheho gushimishanya , hari igihe imikaya inanirwa ,igafatwa n'umwuma ndetse ikankenera isukari nyinshi ,iyo iyi mikaya yananiwe bishobora gutera kubabara cyane cyane mu nda yo hasi.
3.mu gihe ufite uburwayi mu nda
cyane cyane nk'umuntu ufute uburwayi bwa Constipation ,cyangwa mu nda ufitemo ikibazo gituma huzuranamo umwuka bishobora gutera ikibazo cyo kubabara mu nda nyuma yo gutera akabariro .
4.Uburwayi bwo mu muyoboro w'inkari
cyane cyane nkiyo ufite ama infegisiyo yo mu muyoboro w'inkari bishobora gutera ikibazo cyo kubabara mu kiziba cy'inda nyuma yo gutera akabariro .naone infegisiyo yo mu ruhago rw'inkari zishobora gutera iki kibazo.
5.Kuba ufite indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina nka karamidiya n'imitezi zishobora gutera kubabara nyuma yo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina .
6.Gukomereka mu marangamutima
cyane cyane nko mu gihe wakoreshejwe imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato cyangwa utari ufite ububobere bihagije bishobora gutera ikibazo cyo kubabara mu kiziba cy'inda ariko atari uburwayi bwo mu nda cyangwa mu myanya y'ibanga ahubwo ari uko amarangamutima yawe yakomerekejwe nicyo gikorwa .
Impamvu zitera kubabara mu nda nyuma yo gutera akabariro ku bagore
hari impamvu zishobora gutera iki kibazo ku bagore gusa zirimo
- Kuba habayeho kwinjiza igitsina cyane kikagera ku nkondo y'umura rimwe na rimwe kikanahakomeretsa
- Kuba ufite ibibyimba mu mirerantanga
- Kuba wakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina uri mu gihe cy'uburumbuke
- kuba aufite ibibyimba muri nyababyeyi
- kuba ufite infegisiyo zo mu gitsina
- nzindi...
Impamvu zitera kubabara mu kiziba cy'inda ku bagabo
Hari impamvu zishobora gutera ikibazo cyo kubabara mu kiziba cy'inda ku bagabo gusa zirimo
- Infegisyo ya prostate ,cyane cyane ku bagabo ntabwo bakunze kugira iki kibazo niyo kibaye ahanini kiba cyatewe niyi mpamvu .
Muri rusange ni byiza gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina mwabanje gufata umwanya uhagije wo gutegurana ,ibi bikaba bigabanya ingaruka byateza mu gihe mwateye akabariro mutateguranye zirimo nizi zo kubabara mu kiziba cy'inda .
Kujya kunyara nyuma na mbere yo gutera akabariro ni byiza ku bagore kuko bigabanya ibyago byo kuba wakwibasirwa na infegisiyo zo mu muyoboro w;inkari


text:
Umunsi mukuru wa St Valentin.
by admin
Faes yizihije urukundo. Umunsi nyirizina witabiriwe n’ingo 80. Byari umunezero. Gusenga, gusangira, ubuhamya byaranze uyu munsi. Faes Huye yakoze ubutumwa hirya no hino muri Butare : Rango, Save, Cathédrale.
I Kigali twahimbaje uwo munsi dusangira ibyishimo duterwa no kuba mu muhamagaro wo gushyingirwa.
Couple ya Chantal na Wellars baduhaye ubuhamya bugaragaza ko Faes yazanye impinduka mu rugo rwabo
Ibyishimo byari byose. Abagabo bahaye ururabo rwa rose abagore babo
No muri USA Faes yaratangiye na ho bijihije St Valentin
II. UMWIHERERO W’ABAGABO
Umwiherero wahuje abagabo wagenze neza. Uyoborwa na Padiri Edouard Sinayobye. Insanganyamatsiko yari “Crise iboneka mu muhamagaro w’umugabo n’uburyo yayisohokamo”. Witabiriwe n’abagabo 80 baturutse impande zose z’igihugu.


text:
Basomyi, nshuti, bavandimwe, aho muri hose, tubahaye ikaze, murisanga ku rubuga umunyamakuru.com.
Umunyamakuru.com ni urubuga rw’amakuru n’ibitekerezo byubaka. Ni urubuga rwa buri wese. Iki kinyamakuru cyashinzwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’abaharanira ubwisanzure mu bitekerezo, umuco n’amahoro. Mu rurimi rw’igifaransa, « Liberté d’Expression Culture et Paix », LECP mu magambo ahinnye. Ni ishyirahamwe rifite ubuzima gatozi kuva muri Werurwe 2016. Ntiriharanira imyanya y’ubutegetsi, ahubwo icyo rishyize imbere ni uko ijwi rya buri wese ryakumvikana.
Mu isi ya none, guhana amakuru cyangwa kuyatangaza, ntibikiri umwihariko w’abanyamakuru gusa. Ni yo mpamvu, mu nyito umunyamakuru.com, buri wese ushobora kugeza ku bandi amakuru cyangwa ibitekerezo, yakwiyumvamo, kabone n’aho yaba atari umunyamakuru wabigize umwuga. Ni na yo mpamvu uru rubuga ari urwawe, rukaba urwa twese. Waba uri mu Rwanda, waba ari mu mahanga, ushobora kugeza ku bandi amakuru n’ibitekerezo, unyuze kuri uru rubuga.
Intego ni uguhanahana amakuru, no kungurana ibitekerezo hagamijwe ko imibereho n’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu bisigasirwa, ntibihungabane. Uretse abanyamakuru, hari impuguke ziri mu bashyizeho uru rubuga rwanyu. Ni urubuga rufunguriwe abanyamakuru bari mu Rwanda no hanze yarwo kimwe n’undi wese wagira icyo yungura abasomyi. Icyo dushyize imbere, ni uko ibitekerezo bitangwa mu mvugo ishingiye ku muco mwiza w’ubwubahane.
By’umwihariko duhaye ikaze abazatugezaho ibitekerezo bikubiyemo uko ibibazo by’ingutu biri mu Rwanda byakemurwa mu mahoro. Baba abanyapolitiki, abarimu, impuguke, abashakashatsi b’ingeri mu nzego zinyuranye, kimwe n’abantu basanzwe, ntihazagire uzuyaza kubitugezaho, haba mu nyandiko cyangwa mukoresheje n’ubundi buryo bw’itumanaho.
Dusanga buri wese akwiye kugira uburenganzira bwo kuvuga icyo atekereza, bityo ntihagire uzira ko abona ibintu ku buryo butandukanye n’abandi. Ariko na none, tuzirikana ko uburenganzira bwa buri wese burangirira aho ubwa mugenzi we butangirira. N’ubwo ishyirahamwe ryacu ntawe rikorera mu kwaha kwe, ariko rifitiye icyubahiro buri muntu, kandi rizubahiriza amategeko agenga uyu mwuga. Dushishikajwe no gutega amatwi buri wese kandi tukamuha ijambo kuri uru rubuga rw’ibitekerezo bigamije gufasha abantu kubana mu mahoro.
Inzego zose zigize imibereho y’igihugu n’abagituye zizazirikanwaho. Hari politiki, ubukungu, ubutabera, amateka, umuco, amadini, ikoranabuhanga, imikino, imyidagaduro n’ibindi. Tuzajya tubagezaho amakuru yo mu Rwanda, ndetse no mu mahanga. Uretse inyandiko, hari n’ibiganiro, mu majwi ndetse no mu mashusho. Uru rubuga ruri mu ndimi eshatu, ikinyarwanda, igifaransa n’icyongereza. Mu bihe biri imbere, uru rubuga ruzaba runafite Radiyo, kandi na yo izaba igamije ko n’ijwi ryanyu ryumvikana.
Uru rubuga ni urwanyu. Tubahaye ikaze. Abafite inyandiko cyangwa ibitekerezo ku muti w’ibibazo biriho muri iki gihe, ntimuzazuyaze kubyoherereza uru rubuga rwanyu. Duhanahane amakuru, twungurane ibitekerezo n’ubumenyi, bityo duharanire ko ejo hazaza haba heza kurushaho, kugira ngo hanogera buri muturage.
Ubwanditsi


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Burera: Bamusanze mu mugozi bikekwa ko yiyahuye
Umugabo w’imyaka 40 y’amavuko wo mu Karere ka Burera, bamusanze mu nzu yamaze gushiramo umwuka, bikekwa ko yimanitse mu mugozi.
Ibi byabereye mu rugo rwe ruherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rwabageni, Akagari ka Kiringa mu Murenge wa Kagogo, mu rukerera rwo ku Cyumweru tariki 7 Ugushyingo 2021.
Intandaro y’uru rupfu, bikekwa ko ari amakimbirane yari afitanye n’uwo bashakanye, nk’uko byagarutsweho na Sibomana Jonas, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Akagari ka Kiringa, ati: “Ejo ku wa Gatandatu ubwo yari ageze iwe mu rugo nko mu ma saa moya z’ijoro, yarwanye n’umugore we, bigera n’aho amena ibiryo yari yatetse. Ubwo inzego z’ubuyobozi bw’umudugudu, irondo n’abaturanyi bari batabaye, bagerageje kubakiza biranga, biba ngombwa ko bafata umugabo ngo bamujyane kuri Polisi, kugira ngo adakomeza guhungabanya umutekano. Ubwo bari bageze mu nzira, aratsikira agwira ibuye, rimukomeretsa mu mutwe, biba ngombwa ko bamujyana kwa muganga”.
Yakomeje ati: “Yagezeyo bamupfuka igikomere cyoroheje yari yagize, ubwo yari avuyeyo, ashaka gukomeza gushyamirana n’umugore we, biba ngombwa ko irondo rigaruka, hafatwa umwanzuro wo bahungisha umugore we, ajya gucumbika mu rundi rugo. Byageze mu masaha y’igicuku, abana bari basigaye mu nzu baryamye, bumva ibintu byiseganya, bagiye kureba basanga umugabo yimanitse mu mugozi, niko kwihutira guhuruza, basanga yamaze gushiramo umwuka”.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Akagari ka Kiringa, avuga ko uwo mugabo n’umugore we, bajyaga bagirana amakimbirane ndetse n’ubuyobozi bwahoraga mu bibazo byabo, bugerageza kubihosha ndetse no kubagira inama.
Yagize ati: “Ni kenshi bajyaga bagirana amakimbirane, ndetse n’ubuyobozi bukabijyamo, ndetse ni na kenshi twari twarabicaje, tubagira inama yo kureka amakimbirane, byananirana bakaba bagana inzira y’ubutabera bukabatandukanya. Umugabo yari yaranatwemereye ko inzoga ari zo zibimutera, kandi ko yiteguye kuzivaho, ariko bwacya bikongera”.
Atanga ubutumwa ku baturage bwo kubana mu bwumvikane ati: “Abantu bari bakwiye kubana mu bwumvikane kuko ni cyo cy’ingenzi urugo rwubakiraho rugakomera. Iyo ubwumvikane bwageze aho kunanirana, bikarenga inama z’abaturanyi n’iz’ubuyobozi; abafitanye ibibazo baba bakwiye kugana inkiko, ngo zibatandukanye mbere y’uko bikurura ingaruka nk’izi”.
Uyu mugabo n’umugore bari barasezeranye byemewe n’amategeko, banafitanye abana batanu.
MENYA UMWANDITSI
Umunyamakuru wa Kigali Today/KT Radio


text:
Yooooo Umwana w’umukobwa wari asubiye Ku ishuli niwe waguye muri yampanuka, (soma byose wumve uko byagenze)
Imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa Minibus zizwi nka twegerane yavaga Rulindo yerekeza Ruli ho mu karere ka Gakenke yakoze impanuka yahitanye Ubuzima bw’umuntu umwe. Abandi batatu barakomereka, shoferi wari uyutwaye we yahise avamo ariruka kugeza n’ubu yaburiwe irengero.
Amakuru ahari Nuko uyu mwana w’umukobwa wayiburiyemo Ubuzima yari umunyeshuli wigaga ubuforomo (Nursing) akomoka mu karere ka Muhanga,
Ibirahuri by’iyi modoka biri mubyamuhitanye kuko umutwe we byari byawangije muburyo bukomeye.
Twihanganishije umuryango uyu mwana w’umukobwa yakomokagamo.
ITANGAZO
1.Ku bufatanye na Ngwino.com turamenyesha abantu bajya bakenera amakuru ajyanye n’akazi ko babana natwe ku rubuga rwa Whats’up banyuze hano (Whats’up)
2.Ubaye wifuza kwamamaza, ufite ikibazo, igitekerezo cyangwa se inyunganizi ku makuru tukugezaho watwandikira cyangwa ukaduhamagara unyuze kuri numero: 0736206687


text:
Inyamaswa zifite ibintu bitangaje; twese turihariye kandi rimwe na rimwe ntibisanzwe mu myitwarire yacu. Kuri twe dushimishwa n’ibintu byose karemano, niyo mpamvu dushyira hamwe ibintu byiza cyane k’urutonde bishimishije kandi bisekeje.
Umutima wa shrimp uherereye mu mutwe wayo.
Agasimba kitwa snail gashobora gusinzira imyaka itatu
Urutoki rwa koala ntaho rutandukaniye n’urutoki rwa bantu ku buryo rimwe na rimwe bagiye bitiranya ibikumwe bya ahabereye icyaha
Slugs ni agasimba gafite amazuru ane
Inzovu niyo nyamaswa yonyine idashobora gusimbuka
Hafi ya bitatu ku ijana bya barafu mu nyanjua y’Antaragitika ni inkari za penguin
Ijisho rya otirishe ni rinini kuruta ubwonko bwayo


text:
[wptab name=’Isomo: Intangiriro 46′]
Isomo ryo mu gitabo cy’Intangiriro 46, 1-7.28-30
Israheli ashyira nzira, ajyana ibyo yari atunze byose. Ageze i Berisheba, atura ibitambo Imana ya se Izaki. Nuko Imana ibwira Israheli imubonekeye nijoro mu nzozi, iti «Yakobo, Yakobo». Na we arasubiza ati «Ndi hano». Iramubwira iti «Ndi Imana, Imana ya so. Witinya kujya mu Misiri, kuko nzahakugirira umuryango ukomeye. Nzamanukana nawe mu Misiri; byongeye kandi, ni jye uzakuzamurayo. Kandi Yozefu ni we uzahumbya amaso yawe.» Yakobo ava i Berisheba. Nuko abahungu ba Israheli bashyira se, abana babo, n’abagore babo ku magare Farawo yari yohereje ngo abazane. Bajyana imikumbi yabo n’ibyo bari barungukiye mu gihugu cya Kanahani byose. Nuko Yakobo agenda yerekeza mu Misiri, hamwe n’urubyaro rwe rwose. Abahungu be n’abakobwa be, n’abana babo bose, mbese urubyaro rwe rwose, abajyana mu Misiri. Yakobo atuma Yuda kuri Yozefu ngo bahurire muri Gosheni. Nuko bagera mu gihugu cya Gosheni. Yozefu ateguza igare rye, maze ajya gusanganira se Israheli muri Gosheni. Akimubona, aherako amugwa mu nda, ararira, bishyira kera amuhobera. Israheli abwira Yozefu, ati «Noneho n’aho napfa nta cyo bitwaye, ubwo maze kukubona ukaba ukiriho.»
[/wptab]
[wptab name=’Zaburi ya 36 (37)’]
Zaburi ya 36 (37), 3-4, 18-19, 27-28ab, 39-40ac
Iringire Uhoraho, kandi ugenze neza,
kugira ngo ugume mu gihugu, kandi uhagirire amahoro.
Nezezwa n’Uhoraho,
na we azaguha icyo umutima wawe wifuza.
Uhoraho ateganya iminsi y’ab’indakemwa,
n’umugabane wabo uzahoraho ubuziraherezo.
Ntibazakorwa n’ikimwaro igihe cy’amage,
n’igihe cy’inzara bazarya bahage.
Irinde ikibi, maze ukore icyiza,
ni bwo uzagira aho utura ubuziraherezo;
kuko Uhoraho akunda ibitunganye,
kandi ntatererane abayoboke be.
Agakiza k’intungane gaturuka kuri Uhoraho,
ni we buhungiro bwazo igihe cy’amakuba.
Uhoraho arabafasha, akabarokora,
kuko ari we bahungiyeho.
[/wptab]
[end_wptabset]


text:
Politiki
Urwibutso Rw’Umugore Wa Pierre Nkurunziza Nyuma Y’Umwaka Umwe Apfuye
Ku wa 8 Kamena 2020 – ku wa 8 Kamena 2021, umwaka uruzuye Perezida Pierre Nkurunziza apfuye. Ni urupfu rwavuzweho byinshi byiza n’ibibi, bitewe n’umwuka wa politiki yasize mu Burundi no mu baturanyi babwo.
Kuri uyu wa Kabiri nibwo u Burundi bwizihije isabukuru y’umwaka umwe w’urupfu rwe, wahujwe n’umunsi wo gukunda igihugu. Wizihirijwe i Gitega mu murwa mukuru wa politiki.
Mu kiganiro kirekire cyatangajwe n’ibiro by’umukuru w’igihugu, Denise Bucumi, umugore wa Nkurunziza, yagarutse ku buryo bamenyanye n’ibyo amwibukiraho.
Mu mwaka wa 1993 Nkurunziza yarokotse ubwicanyi, icyo gihe akaba yari umwalimu muri kaminuza. Yahise yinjira mu nyeshamba zitwaga FDD z’ishyaka CNDD.
Bucumi yavuze uburyo Nkurunziza yagiye atamubwiye, amubeshya ko agiye gusura umuntu w’inshuti yabo kandi ko azagaruka bukeye bwaho.
Icyo gihe Bucumi yari afite umwana w’umwaka umwe n’inda y’amezi ane.
Umugore ngo yategereje Nkurunziza ntiyagaruka, hashize nk’icyumweru abaza abantu, aza kumenya amakuru ko yagiye mu gisirikare. Yasabye uwamuhaye amakuru ko nasubirayo yazamujyanira ibaruwa, akayishyikiriza umugabo we.
Ati “Nuko njya kwandika ibaruwa. Ndandika rero urabona umuntu ubabaye, ndandika mubaza ngo nagukoreye iki cyatuma unsiga utansezeye, byagenze gute, nyine urwandiko rw’umuntu ubabaye.”
“Ndarwohereza, ntabwo natekerezaga ko yansubiza. Nyuma yaje kunsubiza n’amagambo atuje cyane, makeya, arambwira ngo icyatumye ngenda kirahari kandi ntabwo nabikwandikira mu ibaruwa, kereka tubonanye nibwo nabikubwira neza ukabyumva.”
Umunsi wo kumusura ugeze, Bucumi yagiye kureba Nkurunziza, amugezeho amwakiriza byeri, undi arishima cyane.
Bucumi ngo yabyaye umwana wa kabiri umugabo ataragaruka.
Uyu mugore ngo yajyaga gusenga, umunsi umwe umugore amuhanurira ko yamubonye ajya muri Tanzania abundabunda, amarayo akanya gato, agaruka mu cyubahiro gikomeye.
Bucumi ati “Nanjye mbyakira uko nyine kandi ni nako byagenze.”
Muri icyo gihe kubera ko abantu bari bazi ko umugabo we yagiye mu nyeshyamba ziteguraga gutera igihugu, ngo bamuhozagaho ijisho bavuga ko umunsi yahunze bazamenya ko ibintu bigiye kuba bibi mu gihugu.
Mu 2000 Nkurunziza yaje kumutumaho muri Tanzania, ubwo hendaga gusinywa amasezerano na Leta y’u Burundi.
Bucumi ati “Niyo mpamvu nari mfite ubwoba mvuga nti babonye nambutse umupaka baramfata. Nari mfite pasiporo, mfite ibikenewe byose ariko kandi nari nasenze Imana, mbere yo kugenda mbona iranyemereye.”
“Mu kugaruka rero hantu nagiye n’imodoka nkagaruka n’indege, ndi kumwe n’abandi, bampaye umuntu ugenda untunganyiriza ibintu, urumva nagarutse mu cyubahiro, ibyo uriya muntu yahanuye nza kubona ko aribyo, kandi namazeyo amezi atanu gusa.”
Ubuzima bushya muri politiki
Bucumi avuga ko yageze muri Tanzania muri Nyakanga, basinya amasezerano mu Ugushyingo, nyuma y’ukwezi kumwe bataha mu gihugu.
Bageze mu Burundi Bucumi atangira gushaka mwenewabo uza kumucumbikira, asanga ibintu byarahindutse, ahabwa abasirikare bo muri Afurika y’Epfo bo kumurinda, ajyanwa muri Hotel Meridien.
Ati “Nageze muri hoteli nsangamo abasirikare barenga 20, barambwira ngo urarara hano nicyo cyumba cyawe, Nkurunziza azaza agusange hano.”
Mbere y’uko abana bahura na se, ngo yababeshyaga ko yagiye kwiga, atinze atangira kubabeshya ko yatangiye akazi ka kure. Nyuma baje kumusanga mu ishyamba amazemo imyaka umunani.
Nkurunziza ageze mu Burundi yabanje kuba Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi, nyuma ishyaka rye rimwemeza nk’umukandida ku mwanya wa perezida, aza no gutorwa mu 2005.
Bucumi ati “Naratangaye cyane nshima Imana, nkabona ni ibitangaza. Twarinze turangiza nyine iriya myaka bavuga ko bazamwica, ko nta kwezi azamara, ukwezi akumaze ngo nta mezi atatu, amezi atatu ayamaze ngo nta mwaka, eh! Uko iyo minsi yagendaga ishira nabonaga igitangaza.”
Avuga ko yabanje kugorwa no kuba umugore wa perezida, udafite uburenganzira bwo kwigira mu isoko guhaha indagara nk’uko byahoze.
Urwibutso kuri Nkurunziza
Bucumi avuga ko umugabo we yakundaga gusenga yaba avuye ku kazi cyangwa agiyeyo.
Yakomeje ati “Urwibutso yadusigiye ni ugusenga dukora, kandi nuyu munsi njyewe n’abana dukomeza kubigenderaho.”
Nkurunziza ngo yari afite iminsi ibiri mu cyumweru yiyirizaga, asenga gusa. Ngo ibintu byinshi yakoraga yabanzaga gusenga, akabyuka saa kumi za mu gitondo ku buryo atajyaga na rimwe akererwa akazi. Ikindi ngo yakundaga siporo.
Yakomeje ati “Nubwo mvuga ngo yarasengaga, mwarabibonaga ko akora. Yageraga ku kazi kare, ku masaha, icyo nacyo kiri mu murage yadusigiye, kudakererwaku kazi.”
“Yageraga ku kazi kare, akunda ibikorwa, ari ibikorwa by’igihugu, ari ibikorwa by’umuryango, kujya guhinga mu mirima yacu, kureba ibihingwa, byose akabyitwararira, biri mu bintu yadusigiye.”
Nkurunziza amaze gupfa nabwo Bucumi yarapfukamye arasenga, kubera ko yumvaga neza ko kurira akavuza induru ntacyo biri bubafashe.
Pierre Nkurunziza wari ufite imyaka 55, we na Bucumi bafitanye abana batanu.


text:
Buri wese mu buzima bwe yaba umwana muto cyangwa umusaza n’umukecuru ntawe utayura. Kwayura ni igikorwa ahanini cyizana, nta ruhare ubigizemo ndetse akenshi birakongera kuko akenshi iyo ukuri iruhande yayuye nawe uhita wayura. Kandi usanga ahanini bigendana no kwinanura.
Nubwo byizana ariko, biba ari ikimenyetso cy’impinduka runaka mu buzima, ndetse binagirira umubiri akamaro. Icyakora nubwo bimeze gutyo, kubikora igihe kinini cyangwa inshuro nyinshi biba bigaragaza impinduka zitari nziza ku buzima ndetse bishobora no kugaragaza uburwayi runaka.
Kwayura biterwa n’iki?
Uretse mu bundi buryo turi buze kubona hepfo, ariko muri rusange biterwa n’imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira:Umunaniro,Ibitotsi,Imbeho,Gusonza,Kuba hari ukwegereye wayuye
Ibi tumaze kuvuga byo ubwabyo ntacyo bitwaye ndetse bifite akamaro kanini ku buzima
Akamaro ko kwayura
Bifite akamaro mu buryo 2:
- Ubwa mbere, bifasha mu guhoza ubwonko. Iyo wayuye, winjiza umwuka mwinshi kandi ukonje ugereranyije n’uwari muri wowe imbere. Uyu mwuka rero utuma umusokoro wari washyushye wongera gukonja nuko ukamanuka mu rutirigongo, bikagabanya umunaniro no kuremererwa umutwe
- Bwa kabiri, bifasha inzasaya kurambuka no gukora neza cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ubukonje aho uba usanga umubiri wose wakonje.
- Nyamara nkuko twabivuze tugitangira, iyo bibaye kenshi kandi buri gihe, biba ari ikibazo.
Ibishobora gutera kwayura cyane
- Indwara zinyuranye z’umutima
- Guhindura amasaha yo waryamiragaho, cyane cyane nk’iyo ugiye mu gihugu kidahuza amasaha n’icyo wabagamo cyangwa se uhinduye akazi wenda wakoraga manywa ukajya ukora ijoro
- Amaraso macye mu mitsi
- Kutagira imyunyungugu ihagije
- Gukorwa kw’imisemburo micye ikorerwa muri thyroid
- Imwe mu miti
- Indwara zifata urutirigongo n’ubwonko
- Kurambirwa ikintu runaka
- Kwiheba no kwigunga
Rimwe na rimwe kandi hari ibitera kwayura cyane, bishobora no kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, biba bikeneye kwihutira kujya kwa muganga
- Igicuri
- Guturika k’umutsi ujyana amaraso mu bwonko
- Indwara zangiza ibihaha harimo bronchite n’izindi
Niyo mpamvu mu gihe cyose wayura cyane uba usabwa guhita ujya kwa muganga kuko ntuba uzi neza icyaba kiri kubigutera
Uretse kwayura kandi, hari ibindi bimenyetso bigendana na byo
- Kuribwa mu nda
- Ikibazo cy’uburinganire, no kuba wagwa
- Ikizungera n’isereri
- Umunaniro
- Kuribwa umutwe
- Kubura ibitotsi
- Gucika intege no kugaragaza kudakomera
- Kugira ibinya
Hari ibindi bimenyetso bisaba guhita wihutira kujya kwa muganga
- Guta ubwenge niyo byaba akanya gato
- Kunanirwa guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka insigane
- Ikizungera gitinda
- Kuraba
- Isereri imeze nk’igicuri
- Kuvuga udatobora
- Kunanirwa ibyo wari uzi nko kwandika no gusoma, kimwe no kwibagirwa vuba
Kuko kwayura cyane bishobora guturuka ku ndwara ikaze, gutinda kwivuza bishobora kubyara ingaruka zikomeye ndetse zimwe zikaba akarande.
Niyo mpamvu mu gihe cyose ubonye ko kwayura kwawe cyangwa k’uwo muri kumwe kudasanzwe kandi biri kuba cyane usabwa guhita ugana ivuriro rikuri hafi nibo bazabasha kumenya ikiri kubitera kandi nigikosorwa, na kwa kwayura cyane bizashira.


text:
Abafite ubumuga barasaba koroherezwa muri serivisi zitangirwa kwa muganga
Abafite ubumuga barasaba ko ahatangirwa serivise bakenera bakoroherezwa kuzigeraho kuko hari aho usanga bitaborohera kuzibona bitewe n’imiterere yaho, ndetse no kutabasha gusobanukirwa nibyo bababwira Nko mu ndimi z’amarenga.
Abasaba ibi ni abafite ubumuga butandukanye burimo ubw’ingingo, ubugufi bukabije n’abandi barimo abatabona. Bavuga ko igihe bagiye gutega kwivuza zitwara bahura n’imbogamizi zitandukanye, zirimo kudashobora kumvikana n’abaganga, cyangwa se ngo babashe kubona aho bahagarara ngo bavugane n’abaganga barebana bitewe n’imiterere yabo.
Hari bamwe bashima ibyo leta imaze kubagezaho mu guhabwa imyanya yihariye mu mirimo itandukanye, ariko bagasaba ko hari ibindi byakosorwa nabo bakoroherezwa mu guhabwa serivisi.
Abafite ubumuga bw’ubugufi bukabije basanga kuba batoriherezwa n’aho bajya gusaba serivisi z’ubuzima bibabangamira cyane bityo bikaba bya kosoka bagashyirirwaho uburyo bwabo bwihariye.
Buntubwimana Marie Appoline Umuyobozi w’umuryango Nyarwanda w’abantu bafite ubumuga bw’ubugufi bukabije, avuga ko bikigorana mu nzego z’ubuvuzi kuko usanga bataratekerejweho, kuko bagahurira n’imbogamizi zitandukanye.
Yagize ati ” Nko kumagishe, kwa muganga aho batangira imiti, aho basuzumira ni ikibazo kuko abenshi tutahagera cyane, ndetse n’ibitanda ababyeyi bashobora kujya kubyariraho, akenshi abanyamuryango bacu bakunda guhura nizo nzitizi mugihe abarebare bo biborohera “.
Komezusenge Charles Umuyobozi wungirije w’umuryango w’abantu bafite ubumuga bw’uruhu avuga ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politike irengera abafite ubumuga rikwiye kubahirizwa.
Yagize ati” Ikibazo kigihari ni ishyirwa mubikorwa ku girango za mbogamizi duhura nazo nk’abantu bafite ubumuga bw’uruhu by’umwihariko zikurweho, uko biba byanditse nibyiza kuko uba ubona ko bije bituvana aho twari turi habi bitujyana aheza kugirango tugendane nagahunda za Leta, icyo tuba duhanze amaso ni ukureba ku bishyirwa mu bikorwa ngo natwe tubashe kugendana ni icyerekezo”.
Charles komeza avuga ko politike kuba ihari ari kimwe no gushyirwa mu bikorwa arikindi.
Yagize ati” Iyo ibintu biri mugihugu ukabona biri mubitabo, ni nk’itegeko riba rihari rirengera umuntu ufite ubumuga, aba abona ko rihari, ariko icyo aba akeneye ni ukubona bwa burenganzira buri muri rya tegeko, bivuzengo iyo ryategeko rihari ariko uburenganzira atabubona ntabwo aba anyuzwe nabyo”.
Umuyobozi w’Ihuriro ry’imiryango y’abantu bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda (NUDOR), Dr Mukarwego Beth Nasiforo, avuga ko mu buvuzi hari ibibazo byagakwiye kwitabwaho.
Yagize ati” Ubuvuzi ni bwiza abantu batavurwa, ariko ugasanga hahandi hatangirwa za serivise, hahandi umuntu agenda ngo bamwakire bamwe ntabwo bazi kwakira umuntu ufite ubumuga, kuko hari igihe ugenda uherekejwe n’umuntu, aho muganga yakwibarije icyo urwaye mwibanga ugasanga arabaza uwo muri kumwe ngo nakubaze icyo ushaka cyangwa se aho urwaye ugasanga ni ibintu bikoza umuntu isoni, ugasanga abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva no kutabona, kubakira bibagora, yaba agiye nta musemuzi afite akaba yataha atanavuwe”.
Mu rwego rwo kuvugurura politike nshya y’abafite ubumuga basaba ko harebwa kubibazo bitandukanye bya buri wese ufite ubumuga, bwaba ubwo kutavuga, kutabona, ubugufi, ndetse n’ubumuga bw’uruhu kugirango buri wese yisange muri sosiyeti nyarwanda.
MUKANYANDWI Marie Louise


text:
Iyo witanze bituma Yehova asingizwa
‘Kuko abantu bitanze babikunze, nimusingize Yehova.’—ABAC 5:2.
INDIRIMBO: 150, 10
1, 2. (a) Elifazi na Biludadi bavuze ko Imana ibona ite ibyo tuyikorera? (b) Yehova we yabivuzeho iki?
“MBESE hari icyo umugabo w’umunyambaraga yamarira Imana? Mbese umuntu ufite ubushishozi yagira icyo ayimarira? Mbese Ishoborabyose ishimishwa n’uko uri umukiranutsi? Cyangwa iyo ubaye inyangamugayo mu nzira zawe hari icyo biyungura” (Yobu 22:1-3)? Ese wigeze wibaza uko wasubiza ibyo bibazo? Igihe Elifazi w’Umutemani yabazaga Yobu ibyo bibazo, nta gushidikanya ko yatekerezaga ko igisubizo cyabyo ari oya. Mugenzi we Biludadi w’Umushuhi, we yageze naho avuga ko nta muntu n’umwe ushobora gukiranuka imbere y’Imana.—Soma muri Yobu 25:4.
2 Abo bahumuriza b’ibinyoma bemezaga ko gukorera Yehova mu budahemuka nta cyo bimaze kandi ko abona ko inyo n’iminyorogoto biturusha agaciro (Yobu 4:19; 25:6). Utabitekerejeho neza, wakwibeshya ko Elifazi na Biludadi bicishaga bugufi (Yobu 22:29). N’ubundi kandi, uhagaze ku musozi muremure cyangwa ukarebera mu idirishya uri mu ndege, wabona ko ibikorwa by’abantu nta cyo bivuze. Ariko se iyo Yehova arebye ku isi ari mu ijuru, ni uko abona ibyo dukora dushyigikira Ubwami? Oya rwose. Yehova yacyashye Elifazi, Biludadi na Zofari, kuko bari bavuze ibinyoma. Icyakora yashimye Yobu, amwita ‘umugaragu we’ (Yobu 42:7, 8). Bityo rero, hari icyo umuntu “yamarira Imana” rwose.
“NI IKI UYIHA?”
3. Elihu yavuze iki ku birebana n’ibyo dukorera Imana? Ni iki yashakaga kuvuga?
3 Yehova ntiyigeze acyaha Elihu amuziza ko yabajije ati “niba koko uri mu kuri ni iki uyiha, cyangwa ni iki ihabwa giturutse mu kuboko kwawe” (Yobu 35:7)? Ese Elihu yashakaga kuvuga ko iyo dukorera Imana tuba turushywa n’ubusa? Oya rwose. Yashakaga kuvuga ko Yehova atabeshejweho n’uko tumusenga. Yehova arihagije. Nta cyo twakora ngo dutume arushaho kuba umukire cyangwa ngo arusheho gukomera. Ahubwo imico myiza n’impano zose dufite, ni we waziduhaye, kandi ashishikazwa n’uko tuzikoresha.
4. Yehova abona ate ibikorwa by’ineza dukorera abandi?
4 Yehova abona ko iyo tugiriye neza abagaragu be, ari nk’aho ari we ubwe tuba tugiriye neza. Mu Migani 19:17 hagira hati “ugiriye neza uworoheje aba agurije Yehova, kandi azamwitura iyo neza.” Ese uyu murongo ushaka kuvuga ko Yehova yita ku gikorwa cyose cy’ineza dukoreye abandi? Ese twagombye kumva ko Umuremyi w’ijuru n’isi, yumva abereyemo umwenda abantu bakora ibikorwa by’ineza kandi akumva ko agomba kubishyura abaha imigisha? Yego rwose! N’Umwana w’Imana ubwe yarabihamije.—Soma muri Luka 14:13, 14.
5. Ni ibihe bibazo tugiye gusuzuma?
5 Yehova yasabye umuhanuzi Yesaya kumuvuganira, akagaragaza ko yishimira ko abantu b’indahemuka bashyigikira umugambi we (Yes 6:8-10). Yesaya yahise abyemera. Ubu hari abantu benshi basohoza inshingano ziremereye mu murimo wa Yehova, bakaba bameze nka Yesaya wavuze ati “ndi hano, ba ari jye utuma.” Ariko umuntu ashobora kwibaza ati “ese ibyo nkora bifite agaciro? Ese ubundi Yehova ntazasohoza umugambi we niyo ntagira icyo nkora?” Nimucyo dusuzume uko ibyabaye mu gihe cya Debora na Baraki byadufasha gusubiza ibyo bibazo.
BAHIYE UBWOBA, YEHOVA ARABAKOMEZA
6. Abisirayeli bari batandukaniye he n’ingabo za Yabini?
6 Umwami w’Abanyakanani witwaga Yabini yamaze imyaka 20 yose ‘akandamiza cyane’ Abisirayeli. Bari basigaye batinya no kuva mu ngo zabo. Nta bikoresho by’intambara bari bafite, mu gihe abanzi babo bo bari bafite amagare y’intambara 900 afite inziga zikwikiyemo ibyuma bityaye.—Abac 4:1-3, 13; 5:6-8. *
7, 8. (a) Ni ayahe mabwiriza Yehova yahaye Baraki? (b) Abisirayeli batsinze bate ingabo za Yabini? (Reba ifoto ibimburira iki gice.)
7 Icyakora Yehova yakoresheje umuhanuzikazi Debora, aha Baraki itegeko rigira riti “fata abagabo ibihumbi icumi bo muri bene Nafutali no muri bene Zabuloni, mujye ku musozi wa Tabori muhashinge ibirindiro. Nanjye nzagusangisha Sisera, umugaba w’ingabo za Yabini, ku mugezi wa Kishoni, ndetse n’amagare ye y’intambara n’imbaga y’abasirikare be bose, muhane mu maboko yawe.”—Abac 4:4-7.
Bacamanza 4:14-16.) Muri urwo rugamba rwabereye i Tanaki, haguye imvura y’impangukano akarere kose gahinduka isayo. Baraki yakurikiranye ingabo za Sisera azigeza i Harosheti, ku birometero 24. Sisera yabonye bimuyobeye ava ku igare rye ry’intambara ritari rigifite icyo rimumariye, agenza ibirenge ahungira i Sananimu hafi y’i Kedeshi. Yagiye kwihisha mu ihema rya Yayeli umugore wa Heberi w’Umukeni. Yayeli yaramwakiriye, ahita asinzira kuko yari yananijwe n’urugamba. Yayeli yagize ubutwari yica Sisera, umwanzi w’Abisirayeli aba apfuye atyo!—Abac 4:17-21. *8 Ubwo butumwa bwakwiriye hose maze abitangiye urugamba bakoranira ku musozi wa Tabori, Baraki na we ntiyatinzamo, ahita akora ibyo Yehova yari yababwiye. (Soma mu
ABANTU BAGIZE IMYIFATIRE ITANDUKANYE
9. Mu Bacamanza 5:20, 21, havuga iki ku birebana n’urugamba Abisirayeli barwanye na Sisera?
9 Iyo dusomye igice cya 5 mu gitabo cy’Abacamanza, turushaho gusobanukirwa ibivugwa mu gice cya 4. Urugero, mu Bacamanza 5:20, 21 hagira hati “inyenyeri zarwanye ziri mu ijuru, zarwanyije Sisera ziri mu nzira zazo. Umugezi wa Kishoni warabatembanye.” Ese aho hagaragaza ko abamarayika baje kubafasha, cyangwa ni ibibuye byahanutse mu kirere? Iyo nkuru ntibisobanura neza. Ariko se niba atari Imana yabikoze, ni nde wundi wagushije imvura muri ako karere, kugira ngo amagare y’intambara 900 asaye? Mu Bacamanza 4:14, 15, havuga incuro eshatu zose ko Yehova ari we watumye batsinda. Nta n’umwe mu Bisirayeli 10.000 bitabiriye urugamba wari kuvuga ko ari we watumye batsinda.
10, 11. “Merozi” yari iki? Kuki yavumwe?
10 Icyakora, hari ikindi kintu gishishikaje. Abisirayeli bamaze gutsinda, Debora na Baraki baririmbiye Yehova bati “umumarayika wa Yehova aravuga ati ‘nimuvume Merozi, muvume abaturage bayo ubudatuza, kuko bataje gutabara Yehova, ngo batabare Yehova bari kumwe n’abagabo b’abanyambaraga.’”—Abac 5:23.
11 Merozi yavumwe umuvumo urayokama, ku buryo nta wuzi neza icyo yari cyo. Ishobora kuba yari umugi wari ufite abaturage banze kwitanga ngo bajye ku rugamba. Birashoboka nanone ko Merozi yari umugi Sisera yanyuzemo ahunga, abaturage baho ntibamufate kandi bari babonye uburyo. Nta wavuga ko abaturage baho batumvise ko Yehova yashakaga abitangira urugamba, kuko abantu ibihumbi icumi bo mu karere kabo bakoraniye hamwe bakitegura urwo rugamba. Sa n’ureba abaturage b’i Merozi babonye uwo murwanyi w’umugome yiruka ari wenyine mu mihanda yo mu mugi wabo kandi yihebye. Icyo gihe bashoboraga kugira icyo bakora kugira ngo bashyigikire umugambi wa Yehova, kandi yari kubaha imigisha. Nyamara bigize ba ntibindeba. Ubonye ngo Yayeli w’umugore abarushe kugira ubutwari!—Abac 5:24-27.
12. Imyifatire y’abantu bavugwa mu Bacamanza 5:9, 10, itandukaniye he? Ibyo biturebaho iki muri iki gihe?
12 Mu Bacamanza 5:9, 10, tubona ko abajyanye na Baraki ku rugamba bagize imyifatire itandukanye n’iy’abataragiyeyo. Debora na Baraki bashimiye “abatware b’ingabo za Isirayeli, bitanze babikunze bakajyana na rubanda.” Abo batware bari batandukanye n’abagenderaga ku ndogobe z’amagaju,’ bari abibone bigatuma batajyana n’abandi, kandi bari batandukanye n’‘abicaraga ku matapi meza cyane’ bikundiraga iraha. Abajyanye na Baraki ku rugamba banyuze mu bihanamanga byo ku musozi wa Tabori no mu kibaya cya Kishoni cyari cyahindutse igishanga, bakaba bari batandukanye n’‘abagendaga mu nzira nyabagendwa,’ bishakiraga ubuzima bworoshye. Abantu bose bishakiraga ibinezeza batewe inkunga yo ‘gutekereza.’ Bagombaga gutekereza ukuntu bari bitesheje uburyo bwo gushyigikira Yehova. Bityo rero, umuntu wese udakorera Imana mu buryo bwuzuye, na we yagombye gutekereza.
13. Imyifatire y’Abarubeni, Abadani n’Abasheri yari itandukaniye he n’iy’Abazabuloni n’Abanafutali?
13 Abitanze biboneye ukuntu Yehova yagaragaje ko ari we mutegetsi w’ikirenga. Bashoboraga kubwira abandi “ibyo gukiranuka Yehova yakoze” (Abac 5:11). Batandukanye n’Abarubeni, Abadani n’Abasheri bavuzwe mu Bacamanza 5:15-17, bibandaga ku butunzi bwabo, bugizwe n’imikumbi, amato n’ibyambu, aho kwita ku murimo Yehova yari agiye gukora. Icyakora, Abazabuloni n’Abanafutali bo “bahaze ubugingo bwabo kugeza ku gupfa” kugira ngo bashyigikire Debora na Baraki (Abac 5:18). Ukuntu abantu bagize imyifatire itandukanye ku birebana no kwitanga bitwigisha isomo rikomeye.
“MUSINGIZE YEHOVA!”
14. Tugaragaza dute ko dushyigikira ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova?
14 Muri iki gihe, ntidusabwa kujya kurwana, ariko dushobora kugira ubutwari tugakorana umwete umurimo wo kubwiriza. Ubu umuryango wa Yehova ukeneye abantu benshi bitangira imirimo kuruta mbere hose. Hari abavandimwe Heb 6:10.na bashiki bacu n’abakiri bato babarirwa muri za miriyoni bitanga, bamwe bakaba abapayiniya b’igihe cyose, abandi bagakora kuri Beteli, mu bwubatsi bw’Amazu y’Ubwami, abandi bakita ku mazu y’amakoraniro. Tekereza nanone abasaza b’itorero basohoza inshingano ziremereye muri Komite Zishinzwe Guhuza Abarwayi n’Abaganga, bakagira n’uruhare mu gutegura amakoraniro. Mwiringire rwose ko Yehova yishimira ubwitange bwanyu kandi ntazigera yibagirwa ibyo mumukorera.—
15. Ni ibihe bibazo byadufasha kwisuzuma tukareba niba tutarigize ba ntibindeba mu murimo wa Yehova?
15 Buri wese muri twe yagombye kwibaza ati “ese mvunisha abandi? Ese nkabya kwibanda ku butunzi, bigatuma ntitanga? Ese mfite ukwizera n’ubutwari nka Baraki, Debora, Yayeli n’abantu 10.000 bitangiye kujya ku rugamba, ku buryo nkoresha ibyo mfite byose mu murimo wa Yehova? Niba nteganya kwimukira mu wundi mugi cyangwa mu kindi gihugu gushaka ifaranga, ese ntekereza ku ngaruka ibyo bizagira ku muryango wanjye n’itorero kandi nkabishyira mu isengesho?” *
16. Nubwo Yehova afite ibintu byose, ni iki dushobora kumuha?
16 Yehova yaratwubashye atwemerera kugira uruhare mu gushyigikira ubutegetsi bwe. Satani yashutse abantu bashyigikira ubutegetsi burwanya ubwa Yehova. Bityo rero iyo uhisemo gushyigikira Yehova uba weretse Satani uruhande urimo. Yehova arishima iyo abonye ukuntu witanga ubitewe n’ukwizera n’ubudahemuka (Imig 23:15, 16). Bituma abona icyo asubiza Satani umutuka (Imig 27:11). Ubwo rero, iyo wumvira Yehova mu budahemuka, uba umuhaye ikintu abona ko gifite agaciro, kandi biramushimisha cyane.
17. Mu Bacamanza 5:31 hagaragaza ko igihe kizaza kiduhishiye iki?
17 Vuba aha, isi izaba irimo abantu bashyigikira gusa ubutegetsi bwa Yehova. Twifuza rwose ko icyo gihe cyagera vuba! Twunga mu rya Debora na Baraki, tukaririmba tuti “Yehova, abanzi bawe bose barakarimbuka batyo! Abagukunda bose barakamera nk’izuba rirashe rifite imbaraga” (Abac 5:31). Ibyo bizabaho Yehova narimbura iyi si mbi ya Satani. Intambara ya Harimagedoni nitangira, ntibizaba ngombwa ko twitangira kujya guhashya umwanzi. Kizaba ari igihe cyo ‘kwihagararira gusa maze tukareba uko Yehova azadukiza’ (2 Ngoma 20:17). Hagati aho, dufite uburyo bwinshi bwo gushyigikira ubutegetsi bwa Yehova tubigiranye ubutwari n’ishyaka.
18. Iyo twitanze bituma abandi bakora iki?
18 Debora na Baraki batangiye indirimbo yabo bagira bati ‘kuko abantu bitanze babikunze, nimusingize Yehova!’ Basingizaga Umuremyi Usumbabyose, ntibasingizaga abantu (Abac 5:1, 2). Natwe iyo twitanze bishobora gutuma abandi na bo ‘basingiza Yehova!’
^ par. 6 Ibyo byuma bityaye bishobora kuba byari bikwikiye mu rwikaragiro rw’uruziga, ari birebire kandi byihese. Ni nde wari guhirahira ngo yegere igare ry’intambara nk’iryo?
^ par. 8 Ibindi bisobanuro kuri iyi nkuru ishishikaje byasohotse mu ngingo ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “‘Narahagurutse kandi ndi umubyeyi muri Isirayeli’” yo mu Munara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Kanama 2015.
^ par. 15 Reba ingingo ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Guhangayikishwa n’amafaranga,” mu Munara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Nyakanga 2015.


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Ni abaturage b’Akagari ka Buguri, Umudugudu wa Nyabuvomo ku rugabano rubahuza n’Akagari ka Gihinga, Umurenge wa Gacurabwenge, aho kuri uyu wa 08 Werurwe 2021 bishimira kuba mu gihe gito bujuje ikiraro cyari cyarangije ubuhahirane n’imigenderanire. Imirimo yose bakoze kugeza cyuzuye ifite agaciro ka Miliyoni eshanu z’u Rwanda. Barishimira ubufatanye butuma bishakamo ibisubizo aho gutegereza inkunga n’ubufasha buva ahandi.
Manirarora Issa, umwe mu baturage bishimira iki gikorwa ndetse n’uruhare rwe na bagenzi be, avuga ko ishema rya mbere ari ukubona bagera ku gikorwa gikemura ibibazo rusange bari bafite byatewe n’iki kiraro cyari cyaratumye basa n’abari mukato, bajya mu bwigunjye.
Avuga ko iki kiraro cyari cyarashyize ubwigunge mu baturage, umuturage wezaga imyaka, uwabaga afite Amata agemura n’ibindi ngo ntabwo yabonaga uko agenda, ko igihe Imvura yagwaga byabaga ikibazo, ko uwagiraga ibyago byari ikibazo gutabarwa n’ibindi. Ashimira ubuyobozi muri rusange kuva ku Karere kugera ku Mudugudu kuba bwarababaye gafi, agashimira buri muturage wagize icyo akora mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi. Asaba ko buri wese akomeza gusigasira ubu bufatanye bushoboza abatuye aka kagari kwishakamo ibisubizo.
Avuga kandi ko kugera kuri iki gikorwa babikesha gushyira hamwe nk’abaturage, bakishakamo ibisubizo kuko babonaga nabo ubwabo bashobora kubikora bigashoboka aho kujya gushakisha uwabafasha wundi. Ahamya ko mu gihe ibikenewe gukorwa biri mu bushobozi bw’abaturage nta mpamvu batahuza imbaraga ngo bishakire ibisubizo cyane ko ngo ntawe basiganya wundi.
Karabaranga Fidele, umuturage mu bishimira iki gikorwa, ahamya ko iyo abaturage bashyize hamwe bashobora kwishakira ibisubizo by’ibibazo bibabangamiye. Avuga kandi ko mu gihe cy’icyumweru buri munsi abaturage bakoraga ngo babashe kubaka iki kiraro, ko kandi buri wese yitanze uko ashoboye ariko kandi no kuba ubuyobozi bwarababaye hafi ngo byerekana ko bashyigikiwe ndetse bigashimangira gushyira hamwe mu baturage ndetse n’ubuyobozi.
Abaturage muri rusange, bahuriza ku kuba iki kiraro cyari cyaratumye batagihahirana, batakirema amasoko, babura uko bagenderanirana na bagenzi babo ba Runda, Gacurabwenge na Kigali, ko kandi byabasabaga inzira ndende kandi zigoye. Bavuga ko buri wese yatanze imbaraga ze z’amaboko ndetse n’ubushobozi uko yifite cyangwa se yishoboye.
Nkurunziza Jean de Dieu, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Rukoma, yabwiye intyoza.com ko nta kinanirana mu gihe abaturage n’ubuyobozi bashyize hamwe, ko ibigaragara kuri bamwe nk’ibidashoboka ku babikora kandi babona inyungu zabyo kuri bo biba byoroshye.
Soma hano inkuru bijyanye》》Kamonyi-Rukoma: Banze gukomeza guhezwa mu kato n’ikiraro cyangije ubuhahirane n’imigenderanire
Gitifu Nkurunziza, ashimira ubwitange bw’aba baturage no kugira umuhate wo kwishakamo ibisubizo by’ibibazo bibabangamiye, agasaba ko iteka barangwa no gushyira hamwe kuko iterambere rirambye risaba guhuza imbaraga no kureba mu cyerekezo kimwe.
Munyaneza Theogene / intyoza.com


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Nubwo hari aho usanga umubano hagati y’umukazana na nyirabukwe ari nta makemwa bafite byinshi bahuza, ahenshi usanga atari uko bimeze, ugasanga ahubwo bahora bahanganye. Ugasanga byarageze no kuri rwa rwego biba bitagishoboka ko bakwiyunga.
Umubano mubi hagati y’umukazana na nyirabukwe akenshi uturuka ku mubano mwiza ababyeyi b’abagore bakunze kugirana n’abahungu babo, iyo hinjiyemo undi mugore rero abo babyeyi babifata nk’aho aje kubiba umuhungu wabo. Ikiyongera ku gufuha rero ni uguhangayika, bibaza niba uwo mukobwa azabasha gushimisha umuhungu wabo cyangwa se nanone niba atazamuhemukira. Ibi bigatuma bamwigaho guhera ku kuntu asa,imiterere ye, ukuntu yitwara cyangwa se nanone aho aturuka uko hazwi. Icyo ugomba kwibuka niba nyokobukwe ari uko ameze, nuko atari wowe kibazo, kuko niyo umuhungu we ashaka undi mukobwa nawe ari uko yari kumugenza. Nubwo akenshi azajya akubwira uko umukobwa yashakaga ko umuhungu we azarongora ameze, akakubwira ko mubyo yifuzaga nta na kimwe ufite ntuzabyiteho. Ababyeyi nkabo akenshi ntibaba bazi neza icyo bashaka, avuga ibyo yiboneye kugira ngo abashe kugaragara ko nawe ahari. Ugomba guca bugufi rero, ugatera intambwe ya mbere yo kumwegera kugira ngo nawe umufungure amaso ace bugufi, bityo abahe urubuga rwo kubaka urugo rwanyu.
Ashobora kuzakugerageza ukageza aho wumva bigiye kukurenga, ariko ntibizaguhungabanye ngo ucike intege, cyangwa ngo wumve ko ibyo avuga aribyo koko. Birumvikana ko bishobora kuba byakurenga ukaba washaka guhangana nawe, ariko ibi ntacyo byagufasha, ahubwo bizatuma umubano wanyu urushaho kuba mubi bitume urushaho guhangayika. Ikindi kandi ni uko nuhitamo guhangana, uwo mwashakanye nawe uzamushyira mu bibazo kuko azaba agomba guhitamo uruhande abogamiraho. Biraruta rero kwihanganira ijambo rimwe ribi cyangwa abiri, aho kugira ngo winjire mu ntambara na nyokobukwe. Mwegere muganire wirinda kumuhangara kuko ikigamijwe atari uguhangana, ahubwo ni ugushaka uko mwumvikana. Ntibizakubuze kuba wamusura utajyanye n’umugabo wawe, umufashe uturimo two mu rugo nawe abone ko ufite ubushake bwo kumwegera.
Ikindi kintu abantu bibagirwa ni uko akenshi ajya kwinjira mu buzima kuko mwamuhaye akanya, birumvikana ko aba akeneye kureba umwana we n’abuzukuru ariko nanone si ngombwa buri munsi cyangwa kenshi mu cyumweru. Aha biba byiza iyo mudaturanye kuko bituma abageraho gake gashoboka, ubundi mukabona uko mwiyubaka ntawe ubavangiye. Ibi ariko biragorana iyo mufite abana, kuko nyirakuru baba bumva ari umuntu udasanzwe mu buzima bwabo, nawe akumva abuzukuru ari abantu bakomeye mu buzima bwe. Iyo bimeze gutyo rero ugerageza kuburyo umubano ukomeza kuba akazuyazi; ntukonje cyane ngo baburane, ntunashyuhe cyane ngo bahorane.
Kuba nyokobukwe yakwivanga mu buzima bw’urugo rwawe rero bishobora guteza ibibazo byinshi muri urwo rugo. Ashobora gutuma uhora uhangayitse ndetse ukaniyanga. Ariko ntuzacike intege, imbere muri uwo muntu ubona akwanga harimo umubyeyi ushaka ko nawe yakomeza kugaragara no gukundwa. Muhagarare imbere wemye, kuko nyuma y’igihe nukomeza kwihangana azashobora kumva umwanya we, icya ngombwa nuko umuha ayo mahirwe!
Yanditswe na Sarongo Richard/Muhabura.rw


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Swivel Transparent Wheel Castor hamwe na Plate
Ibisobanuro birambuye
Igishushanyo cya 3D
Ibiranga ibicuruzwa
Gusohora ibiziga bikozwe muri polyurethane (PU) ibikoresho byo gushiramo, kandi kole yatumijwe mu mahanga ikoreshwa mu guhuza ubuso bukonje bwuruziga.
Ibicuruzwa birwanya kwambara, birinda amarira, birwanya imiti, birwanya imirasire, bicecekeye, biremereye cyane kandi bikurura.
Uruziga rw'uruziga rufite inshinge-mbaraga zikomeye kandi zikomeye PVC, idafite uburozi kandi itaryoshye.Nibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije.
Uruziga rw'uruziga rufite ibintu biranga ubukana, gukomera, kurwanya umunaniro, no kwihanganira guhangayika.
Ibikoresho birwanya UV byongewemo mugihe cyo gukora ibiziga kugirango wirinde ibara.
Gukoresha ubushyuhe:-15-80℃
Amakuru ya tekiniki
Gusaba
Iyi swivel impanga yibikoresho byo mu nzu hamwe nisahani ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo murugo cyangwa mubiro.Irakwiriye ku buriri, ibikoresho bito, akabati, intebe, intebe y'ibiro, intebe y'akazi, ameza, na dolly.
Ibikoresho byo murugo
Inama y'Abaminisitiri
Intebe y'Ibiro
Erekana Rack
Dolly
Intebe
Couch
Amashusho
Ibyerekeye Amabwiriza
Nta bikubiye muri iki gihe


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Icyitegererezo No: 7840TL-T10
7840TL-T10 Imashini y'Ibinyobwa bya Kawa hamwe n'ibiceri
Ibisobanuro birambuye
Ibiranga ibicuruzwa
Ikiranga
Hamwe n'ibiceri + IC ikarita + Igikombe mu buryo bwikora
7840TL-10
4 Amashanyarazi + Urufunguzo, 10 Ibyingenzi
Amazi ashyushye & ubukonje n'ibinyobwa
Hindura uburyohe bwa kawa hamwe nuburyohe bwamazi.
Sisitemu yuzuye ya microcomputer igenzura sisitemu
Uburyo bwibanze hamwe na buto yo gukoraho ubwenge
Isuku ryikora
Icyitegererezo cyo gutanga amazi: Kuzamura hejuru, gupakira hasi, amazi yo hanze
Amakuru ya tekiniki
Ikigereranyo cya voltage / Frequency: 220V / 110V / 50Hz / 60Hz
Ifu yo gushyushya: 1600W
Ubushobozi bwo gutanga amazi ashyushye: ≥90C ° komeza utange
Ubushobozi bwo gutanga amazi akonje: ≤10C ° komeza utange
Ubushobozi (Igikombe) 10Cups / Mins
Ubwoko bwo Kurwanya Amashanyarazi-Kurinda: I.
Ingano y'ibicuruzwa: 445 * 595 * 675mm
Ingano yo gupakira: 515 * 665 * 745mm
NW / GW: 34 / 36Kgs
Gupakira: 1PC / CTN
Icyitegererezo cyo Gutanga Amazi
Kuzamura hejuru .utubuto, amazi yo hanze .bishobora guhaza ikoreshwa ryabakoresha batandukanye mubidukikije.
1. icupa ryamazi hejuru yipakurura
2. sukura ikawa cyangwa umutobe cyangwa ifu y amata mubikoresho bya kawa
3. shyiramo neza ibikoresho bya kawa.
4. Hindura ingano y'amazi n'ifu
5. Kora kuri ecran ukoresheje urufunguzo rumwe hanyuma ukande buto
6. Biroroshye gutanga ikawa nziza


text:
Mu rwego rwo kurushaho guteza imbere umuco wo gusoma. Umuyobozi mukuru wa REB (Rwanda Education Board) yakanguriye abana b'inshuke gukunda gusoma ibitabo, kugira ngo bazigirire akamaro ndetse bakagirire n'igihugu muri rusange.
Byavugiwe mu munsi mpuzamahanga wahaiwe gusoma no kwandika wabaye none tariki ya 8 Nzeri 2022 byahuriranye no gutangiza ukwezi ko gusoma.Umuhango wabereye mu karere ka Nyaruguru mu murenge wa Munini, wari witabiriwe n'abayobozi batandukanye barangajwe imbere n'umuyobozi mukuru wa'Urwego rw'Igihugu rushinzwe uburezi bw'ibanze muri ( REB). Muri uyu muhango abayobozi basuye amashuri y'inshuke ategura abana ndetse akanabakundisha gusoma.
Umuyobozi w'Ubunyamabanga bukuru bwa SOMA RWANDA Musafiri Patrick yashishikarije abantu kurushaho kubyaza umusaruro amasomero ahari,kuko no mu rugo iwawe hashobora kuba isomero bitewe nuko ababyeyi bashishikariza abana babo gutira ibitabo bakabisomera mu rugo. Ati 'nka SOMA RWANDA Turashishikariza abarimu gusomera no gukundisha abanyeshuri gusoma, kandi umwana yanataha bakamushishikariza gucyura igitabo agakomeza gusomera mu rugo afatanije n'ababyeyi'.
Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe imibereho y'abaturage mu Karere ka Nyaruguru Byukusenge Assumpta , avuga ko kuba umunsi mpuzamahanga wizihirijwe mu karere kabo ari byiza cyane kuko nabo bari basanzwe bigisha abantu bakuru gusoma kuko bashaka ko abantu bakuru babimenya bityo abato nabo bakabikundishwa.
Ubusanzwe SOMA RWANDA ni urubuga abafatanyabikorwa mu burezi bahuriraho kugira ngo bungurane ibitekerezo ku buryo bateza imbere umuco wo gusoma, ubuyobozi bukaba bugizwe na minisiteri y'uburezi, USAID, hamwe na Save children international. Naho abanyamuryango bakaba bagizwe n'ibigo by'amashuri,imishinga myinshi itandukanye bireba ibijyanye n'uburezi hamwe no kumenya kwandika no gusoma.
Umuyobozi mukuru w'Urwego rw'Igihugu rushinzwe uburezi bw'ibanze ( REB) Bwana Ndagijimana Nelson, arashishikariza abanditsi b'ibitabo gukora mu nganzo bityo begere urwego rwa REB bagerageze guhana umurongo kugira ngo bandike ibitabo byinshi bifasha abanyeshuri gusoma.
Agira ati 'udasomye ntumenya ibirimo kuba,iyo udasomye ntabwo wunguka ubwenge cyangwa hari amakuru uba utari kubona, ni umwanya mwiza wo gushishikariza buri muntu wese dore ko ari umunsi mpuzamahanga wo gusoma bityo aho turi mu miryango yacu, habeho ahantu ho gusomera ibitabo'.
The post Nyaruguru: Ababyeyi basabwe kurushaho gushishikariza abana kugira umuco wo gusoma barushaho kubyaza umusaruro amasomero ahari appeared first on RUSHYASHYA.
Source : https://rushyashya.net/nyaruguru-ababyeyi-basabwe-kurushaho-gushishikariza-abana-kugira-umuco-wo-gusoma-barushaho-kubyaza-umusaruro-amasomero-ahari/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=nyaruguru-ababyeyi-basabwe-kurushaho-gushishikariza-abana-kugira-umuco-wo-gusoma-barushaho-kubyaza-umusaruro-amasomero-ahari


text:
Musanze:Abiga muri INES Ruhengeri biyemeje kurwanya Plasitike bayibyaza umusaruro
Yanditswe na Ngaboyabahizi Protais
Mu gihe isi yose ihanganye n’ikibazo cya Palasitike cyane ko itabora, abiga mu ishuri rikuru rya INES Ruhengeri bo baravuga ko baje kuyirwanya ariko nanone bayibyaza umusaruro mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ibidukikije, aho bazajya bayifashisha mu kubumba amatafari ya rukarakara azajya yubakishwa amazu.
Ni umushinga abanyeshuri bawumuritse, ubwo hari umunsi w’ibunyamwuga aho bahuza abanyeshuri n’abanyamwuga bakora ibyo baba biga, n’umunsi wo gutangiza umwaka w’amashuri ndetse no kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wa Mutagatifu Papa Yohani Paul wa 2, waragijwe INES Ruhengeri.
Amatafari abungabunga ibidukikije yitezweho byinshi (foto Rwandayacu.com)
Aba banyeshuri babumba amatafari bifashishije imashini, bavuga ko bafata amacupa ya Palasitike bakayasya, bakayavangamo itaka , sima n’umucanga, ku buryo iryo tafari riva muri mashine rihita ryubaka inzu.
Ishimwe Ester Yiga ibijyanye n’ubwubatsi akaba ari umwe mu banyeshuri babumba amatafari hifashishijwe Palasitike, avuga ko kuba bazajya babumba aya matafari ari mu buryo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Yagize ati: “Kuri ubu imyanda itabora ku isi ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane kuko yangiza ubutaka cyane, uretse uba iri tafari rero rije gukora ibikoresho biramba, ariko nanone tugiye kujya tubumbira hamwe, amacupa , amasashe tyujye tubibyaza umusaruro kandi bikoreshwe, mu gihe byirwaga byandagaye hose, ibyo bita imyanda twebwe tugiye kubibyaza umusaruro, dukuremo amafaranga , twubake inzu zikomeye, kandi tubungabunge ibidukikije”.
Umuyobozi w’ikirenga wa INES Ruhengeri, Nyiricyubahiro Musenyeri Harorimana Vincent, asaba abanyeshuri gukomeza gukora ubushakashatsi,bagamije kubonera isi ibisubizo hagamijwe nanone guteza imbere igihugu no kwihangira umurimo
Yagize ati: “ Twishimira ibyo ishuri rya INES Ruhengeri rigenda rigera mu bushakashatsi bwaryo, ndasaba abakozi, abanyeshuri gukomeza kwita ku ikoranabuhanga, bashaka ibisubizo byugarije isi , no kubungabunga ibidukikije rero ni imwe mu ntego za INES Ruhengeri, nimukomeze mukore ubushakashatsi mugamije guhanga umurimo mugamije gutanga akazi”
Musenyeri Harorimana Vincent asaba abiga muri INES Ruhengeri, gukomeza gukora ubushakashatsi, bugamije kubungabunga ibidukikije (foto Rwandayacu.com)
Akomeza avuga ko bitari ngombwa ko umunyeshuri akomeza kurangamira urupapuro rw’umutsindo , ahubwo bakwiye kwiga bagamije guhangana ku isoko ry’umurimo mu rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi nibyo bahora bashishikarizwa mu gihe bigishwa.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurengera Ibidukikije (REMA) kivuga ko ikibazo cya plastike gihangayikishije isi muri rusange kubera kwangiza ibidukikije byaba ibiri ku butaka no mu mazi. Kuba hari imishinga inyuranye igamije kudatuma ibikoresho bikozwe muri plastiki bidakomeza kwandagara ngo ni indi ntambwe yo kubungababunga ibidukikije kandi ikaba n’ishoramari.
Inzego zifite aho zihuriye no kurwanya iyangirika ry’ikirere no kurengera ibidukikije zigaragaza ko buri mwaka toni zigera ku 8.8 za plastike zijugunywa; bikarangira zigeze no mu mazi y’inyanja ngari aho ibinyabuzima bigera kuri 80% byanduzwa n’iyi myanda; hari impungenge ko isi itagize icyo ikora mu myaka 50 iri imbere uburemere bw’imyanda ijugunywa mu mazi bwazaruta ubw’ibinyabuzima biyabamo harimo n’amafi.
Ibikoresho bya plastike biri mu bifite uruhare rukomeye mu buzima bwa muntu cyane kuko biri ku mwanya wa cumi mu bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane ku isi.
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text:
Bateguye ingendo 19.000
Muri Nyakanga 2013, Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova yandikiye ibaruwa ishishikaje abamisiyonari n’abandi bari mu murimo w’igihe cyose wihariye mu bindi bihugu. Iyo baruwa yavugaga gahunda yashyizweho yo gufasha abakorera umurimo mu bindi bihugu bakajya mu makoraniro y’iminsi itatu cyangwa mu makoraniro mpuzamahanga. Ayo makoraniro yabaye mu mwaka wa 2014 no mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2015.
Iyo gahunda igenewe abakorera umurimo mu bindi bihugu ntiyari igamije kubafasha kujya mu makoraniro gusa, ahubwo yari igamije no gutuma bahura n’imiryango yabo n’incuti zabo. Iyo baruwa yavugaga ko umuryango wacu wari kubishyurira itike yo kugenda no kugaruka.
Nubwo hari izindi gahunda nk’izo zabagaho mu myaka yashize, iyo yo yari yihariye. Komite y’Inteko Nyobozi Ishinzwe Ibyo Kwigisha yashinze urwego rw’imirimo rushya rwitwa “Urwego rwo ku Cyicaro Gikuru Rushinzwe Ingendo.” Urwo rwego ni rwo rwaguze ayo matike.
Iyo baruwa yo gutumira abo bavandimwe imaze koherezwa, urwo rwego rwatangiye kwakira amabaruwa make make y’abasabaga amatike y’indege. Icyakora byagiye kugera muri Mutarama 2014, abasaba amatike barabaye benshi cyane. Abashinzwe iyo gahunda barebye ingendo abari mu murimo w’igihe cyose wihariye bo hirya no hino ku isi bari gukora maze bishyura amatike y’indege.
Ingendo bamwe bari gukora ntizari zoroshye. Urugero, hari abagombaga kuva i Reykjavík muri Isilande bakajya i Cochabamba muri Boliviya. Abandi bari kuva i Nouméa muri Nouvelle-Calédonie bakajya Antananarivo muri Madagasikari. Nanone hari abagombaga kuva i Port Moresby muri Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée bakerekeza i Seattle, muri leta ya Washington muri Amerika. Hari n’abandi bagombaga kuva i Ouagadougou muri Burukina Faso bakerekeza i Winnipeg muri Kanada.
Abantu batanu bakora mu Rwego rwo ku Cyicaro Gikuru Rushinzwe Ingendo bateguye ingendo zigera hafi ku 19.000. Baguze amatike y’indege y’abantu bagera hafi ku 4.300 bo mu bihugu 176, bakoresheje amafaranga yatanzwe n’amatorero kugira ngo akoreshwe muri iyo gahunda.
Abavandimwe bishimiye cyane iyo gahunda. Hari umugabo n’umugore b’abamisiyonari banditse bati “uyu munsi turasubira aho dukorera umurimo mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Tubashimiye tubikuye ku mutima ukuntu mwadufashije kugaruka iwacu mu Bwongereza, tukabonana n’imiryango yacu nyuma y’imyaka itanu twari tumaze tutabonana. Iyo mutadufasha ntitwari kubona uko tubasura. Dushimiye tubikuye ku mutima ababigizemo uruhare bose.”
Umumisiyonari ukorera muri Paragwe yaranditse ati “jye n’umugore wanjye turabashimira byimazeyo ko mwadufashije kujya mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga ryabereye i New Jersey muri Amerika. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2011 twatangiye kubika amafaranga kugira ngo tuzajye gusura icyicaro gikuru mu Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Icyakora, mu kwezi kwa Kamena k’uwo mwaka twasabwe kujya dusura amatorero yo muri Paragwe akoresha ururimi rw’amarenga. Ibyo byasabaga gukora ingendo nyinshi. Tumaze kubitekerezaho twitonze, twafashe umwanzuro wo kwigomwa ntitujye muri Amerika ahubwo tukagura imodoka yari kudufasha gusohoza neza iyo nshingano nshya twari duhawe. Nyuma yaho, twatumiriwe kujya mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga. Nguko uko twabonye ibyo twifuzaga! Turashimira Yehova ku bw’ineza ye n’urukundo yatugaragarije.”
Umugabo n’umugore bo muri Malawi baranditse bati “turifuza kubandikira kugira ngo tubashimire tubikuye ku mutima. Tuzi neza ko gutegura izo ngendo zose byasabye akazi kenshi, bitwara igihe kinini n’amafaranga menshi. Turabashimira ukuntu mukorana umwete, ariko mbere ya byose turashimira abagize umuryango wa Yehova bose kuko batumye dusubira iwacu tukifatanya mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga kandi tugasura imiryango yacu n’incuti zacu.”
Abakora mu Rwego rwo ku Cyicaro Gikuru Rushinzwe Ingendo bishimiye iyo nshingano bahawe. Mileivi yaravuze ati “gufasha abamisiyonari gusubira iwabo bagasura abagize imiryango yabo n’incuti, byaranshimishije cyane.” Dorise we yaravuze ati “niboneye neza ukuntu umuryango wacu ukunda abakorera umurimo mu bindi bihugu.” Rodney uhagarariye urwo rwego rw’imirimo yaravuze ati “kuba narifatanyije muri uwo mushinga byaranshimishije cyane.”
Abahamya ba Yehova bo hirya no hino ku isi bishimiye kwifatanya muri iyo gahunda yuje urukundo yo gufasha abavandimwe na bashiki babo bakorana umwete kandi bakigomwa.


text:
Amasomo matagatifu yo ku wa 7 Gashyantare 2017: Intg 1, 20-31;2,1-4a; Zab 8; Mk 7,1-13.
Bakristu Bavandimwe Yezu akuzw´iteka ryose. Uyu munsi turumva Ubuntu Imana yatugiriye igihe irema isi n´ijuru n´ibiyituye ariko cyane cyane igihe irema Muntu, umugabo n´umugore maze ikabaha umugisha. Ibyo bikaba bitwereka ko Uhoraho ariwe Mutegetsi wacu bityo izina rye rikaba rigomba kogera ku isi hose kubera iyo shusho Ye yaturemanye. Inkuru Nziza ikaba idusaba kumenya umugenzo mwiza ariwo gukurikiza Ijambo ry´Uhoraho.
Nimwororoke mugwire: Ibiremwa byose ni byiza. Nk´uko twabyumvise ejo n´uyu munsi mu masomo y´Intangiriro, igikorwa cyo kurema, ni kimwe mu bikorwa bigaragaza ububasha, ubuhangange n´urukundo by´Imana ku buryo butagereranywa. Bityo kubera urukundo Imana yagiye iremana buri kiremwa cyose gituye isi n´ijuru, Imana yabonaga byose ari byiza. Kuba ibiremwa byose ari byiza bigaragaza ko Ubwiza bw´Imana bwo noneho buhebuje. Ijambo ry´Imana cyangwa Jambo w´Imana niwe Nyagasani yakoresheje, maze ibyo ishatse byose bikabaho. Muntu rero akaba ari we kiremwa gihebuje ibindi nk´uko twabyumvise mu isomo rya mbere ry´uyu munsi: N´uko Imana irema Muntu, imurema mu ishusho ry´Imana; ibarema ari umugabo n´umugore( Intg.1,27). Imana ntiyarekeye aho ahubwo yabahaye umugisha, irababwira iti” Nimwororoke mugwire, mukwire isi yose, muyitegeke”. Ubu butumwa rero Imana yahaye Muntu n´ubwo kubaka isi kandi akanakomeza igikorwa cya Rurema Imana hano mu isi. Ukumvira no gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko y´Imana nibyo kuzo ryayo. Imana icyo idukeneyeho si amaturo n´ibitambo by´ibintu, ahubwo ikeneye imitima yacu: Guhinduka. Imana Umuremyi wacu ikeneye ko tuyiha umwanya mu mitima yacu maze igaturamo ubuziraherezo. Icyo nicyo gituma muntu aho ari hose arangwa n´uko Imana Umuremyi wacu atuba hafi igihe cyose. Ubwiza bwa Rurema burigaragaza kandi bukanyur´imitima y´abantu kuko nibwo buduhuza nk´abavandimwe maze buri wese akibonamo undi. Ubwo bwiza nibwo buhuza imiryango tugasabana tutitaye ku ruhu cyangwa ubwoko, ubukungu cyangwa inkomoko etc.
Umugenzo mwiza n´ugukurikiza Ijambo ry´Imana: Bavandimwe yezu aratwigisha uyu munsi ikintu cy´ingezi mu buzima: gukurikiza itegeko ry´Imana niwo mugenzo mwiza. Itegeko ry´Imana riratubuza kuba indyarya n´ibindi bijyanye nabwo. Yezu arabwira abafarizayi, kimwe na twe, ko tutagomba kubahisha akarimi gusa igihe imitima yacu iri kure y´ukuri kw´Imana. Bityo Yezu akaba atubuza kumuha icyubahiro cy´amanjwe, cyuzuye ububeshyi n´uburyarya. Ivanjili y´uyu munsi iradukangurira Kutagendera gusa ku mategeko y´abantu cyangwa kwibanda gusa ku muco w´abantu. Nidukarabe intoki ariko tunakarabe ku mutima. Ati mukurikize itegeko ry´Imana mbere yo gukora imigenzo ya nyirarubeshwa. Yezu aratubuza gukora ibibi birimo kuvuguruza ijambo ry´Imana twitwaje umuco karande n´akamenyero k´abakurambere bacu mu migenzo itarimo urukundo rwa kivandimwe na gikristu. Bavandimwe rero niduhinduke tugarukire Imana. Icyo nicyo kizatuma tugarura ishusho Umuremyi wacu yaduhaye aturema, aduha abuzima. Ishusho nyayo rero ya muntu ikaba ari ugukunda Imana nk´uko idukunda, tukanakunda bagenzi bacu nkatwe ubwacu ku bw´Ijambo ry´Imana.
Alleluya , nimukuze mwese Imana, nimukuze mwese izina ry´Imana (Z 148 mu gitabo cy´umukristu). Nimucyo dusabe Nyagasani Umuremyi wacu agume aduhundeho inema ze ntagatifu maze tugume kugira ubwiza n´ishusho bituranga nk´abana b´Imana, igihe irema umugore n´umugabo mu ishusho ryayo. Bikira Mariya agume atube hafi kandi ntahweme kutwibutsa kwisubiraho no guhinduka nk´uko yabiduhishuriye i Kibeho muri Nyaruguru. Amen.
Padiri Emmanuel MISAGO, Espagne.


text:
Kumenya amakuru yaho indangamuntu yanjye ya kabiri nasabye iherereye kuko bigaragara ko yakozwe bitewe nuko kw'ikarita y'itora mfite nasanze imibare y'inyuma yarahindutse.
YESARAKIZA Augustin made this Access to Information request to National ID Agency
This request has been closed to new correspondence. Contact us if you think it should be reopened.
Buyobozi bwa National ID Agency,
Nifuzaga gusaba amakuru nkuko byemewe tugendeye kw'itegeko numero 04/2013 ryatowe ku ya 8 Gashyantare 2013 rijyanye no guhabwa amakuru.
Bwana bayobozi, muby'ukuri nabuze indangamuntu yanjye ya mbere yari ifite n0 1198080098865004, ariko nyuma nakurikije procedure ikurikizwa mu gusaba indangamuntu ya kabiri. Gusa ikibazo mfite sinigeze mbona indangamuntu yanjye ya kabiri kandi bigaragara ko yakozwe, ibi nkaba mbyemeza nshingiye ku kuba ku ikarita y'itora mfite narasanze imibare itatu ihera yarahindutse. Nyamara nagiye ku murenge wanjye (Cyanika/Burera) nsanga ntayigeze ihagera kdi niho nadepoje ibyangombwa byari bikenewe kugira ngo mbe nahabwa indi ndangamuntu.
Mbaye mbashimiye, mugihe ntegereje igisubizo cyanyu gishimishije,
Murakoze.
Yesarakiza muraho!
iyo indangamuntu isohotse isohokera aho wibarurije, atari aho utuye.
Niba aho wibarurije ariho wagiye kuyishakira ntuyibone
watwhorereza amazina yawe yose n`ay`ababyeyi wandikishije tukagufasha gukemura icyo kibazo.
urakoze.


text:
1. Uburemere bworoshye
Bitewe nuburemere bworoshye bwibibaho byamabara, birashobora gutanga ubwikorezi bworoshye no kwishyiriraho byoroshye, bizigama igihe cyubwubatsi.
2. Kurengera ibidukikije no kuzigama amafaranga
Icyumba cyibikorwa gikozwe mu cyuma cyamabara kirashobora kongera gukoreshwa, kirashobora gutanga ibidukikije ndetse no kuzigama amafaranga, kandi nta mwanda uhari kandi nta rusaku
3. Imbaraga nyinshi
Bitewe nuburyo bwibyuma, ibicuruzwa bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutwara, kwikuramo no kurwanya kunama.
4. Ubuso bworoshye kandi bworoshye guhanagura, hamwe na anticorrosion ndende, ikwiriye gukoreshwa.
5. Isahani isize amabara ifite isahani ikomeye yo kurwanya umwanda.Ketchup, lipstick, ibinyobwa bya kawa hamwe namavuta yo guteka bishyirwa hejuru ya polyester.Nyuma yo gushyira 24h, usukure kandi wumishe hamwe no gukaraba amazi, bigatuma nta gihinduka mubuso bwacyo.Imiterere yimiterere yicyuma gisize amabara kuva imbere kugeza hanze ni isahani yazengurutswe n'imbeho, igipande cya galvanis, igikoresho cyo guhindura imiti, ibanze ryambere (primer) hamwe nigitambaro cyiza (irangi ryimbere ninyuma).Ubu bwoko bw'isahani burashobora gukoreshwa mugukata, kunama, gucukura, kuzunguruka no gutobora hamwe nibara rishya, gufatana gukomeye, kurwanya ruswa neza no gushushanya no gutunganya ibintu.Icyapa gisize amabara gikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ikirere cyo kubaka urukuta rwo hanze.Ubushyuhe bwo gutwika ubushyuhe bugomba gukorwa niba bukoreshwa kurukuta.
Ubwiza Bwa mbere, Umutekano Wishingiwe


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Indorerwamo z’amaso ya mbere zakozwe mu majyaruguru y’Ubutaliyani, ahagana mu 1290: Mu nyigisho yatanzwe ku ya 23 Gashyantare 1306, umufaransa wo muri Dominikani Giordano da Pisa (nko mu 1255–1311) yaranditse ati “Ntabwo hashize imyaka makumyabiri kuva aho habonetse ubuhanga bwo gukora indorerwamo z’amaso, zitanga icyerekezo cyiza … Kandi ni igihe gito cyane ku buryo ubu bukorikori bushya, butigeze bubaho, bwavumbuwe. … Nabonye uwabivumbuye bwa mbere akabukora, kandi, Naganiriye na we.
Mugenzi wa Giordano, Friar Alessandro della Spina wa Pisa (m. 1313) yahise akora amadarubindi. Amateka ya kera ya Monasiteri ya Dominikani ya Mutagatifu Catherine yanditse muri Pisa yanditse ati: “Indorerwamo z’amaso, zakozwe bwa mbere n’undi muntu, utashakaga kuzisangira, [Spina] yarazikoze maze azisangira na buri wese n’umutima wishimye kandi ubishaka. . ” Mu kinyejana cya cumi na kane byari ibintu bisanzwe cyane: Francesco Petrarca avuga muri rumwe mu rwandiko rwe avuga ko, kugeza afite imyaka 60, atari akeneye ibirahure, kandi Franco Sacchetti abivuga kenshi muri Trecentonovelle.
Ibimenyetso bya mbere byerekana amashusho yo gukoresha amadarubindi ni Tommaso da Modena 1352 yerekana umukaridinali Hugh de Provence asoma muri scriptorium. Urundi rugero rwo hambere rwaba ari ugushushanya amadarubindi y’amaso aboneka mu majyaruguru ya Alpes mu gicaniro cy’itorero rya Bad Wildungen, mu Budage, mu 1403. Ibyo birahure byo hambere byari bifite lensike ya convex ishobora gukosora hyperopiya (kurebera kure), na presbyopiya ikunze gutera imbere. nk’ikimenyetso cyo gusaza. Mu mwaka wa 1604, ni bwo Johannes Kepler yasohoye ibisobanuro bya mbere by’ukuri ku bijyanye n’impamvu za convex na conge zishobora gukosora presbyopiya na myopiya.
Amakadiri ya mbere yikirahure yari agizwe nibirahuri bibiri binini bizunguruka hamwe n’udufashi kugirango bashobore gufata izuru. Ibi byitwa “indorerwamo ya rivet”. Ingero za mbere zabonetse munsi y’imbaho za Kloster Wienhausen nyuma y’imivurungano hafi ya Celle mu Budage, zazanywe n’ umubikira bakundanye ahagana mu 1400.
Amaduka ya mbere y’inzobere ku isi yafunguye i Strasbourg (icyo gihe Ingoma yera y’Abaroma, ubu ni Ubufaransa) mu 1466. Ikinyejana cya 17, Francesco Redi, yanditse inyandiko zivuga ko Salvino degli Armati wa Florence yahimbye indorerwamo z’amaso, mu kinyejana cya 13, byagaragaye ko ari amakosa.
Rimwe na rimwe bivugwa ko Marco Polo yahuye n’amadarubindi mu rugendo rwe mu Bushinwa mu kinyejana cya 13. Icyakora, nta magambo nk’ayo agaragara kubimuranga. Nkaho, hambere havugwa indorerwamo z’amaso mu Bushinwa zibayeho mu kinyejana cya 15 kandi ayo masoko y’Ubushinwa avuga ko indorerwamo z’amaso zatumijwe mu mahanga.
Mu 1907, Porofeseri Berthold Laufer yavuze ko, mu mateka ye y’ibirahure, ko kugira ngo ibirahuri bivuzwe mu bitabo by’Ubushinwa n’Uburayi mu gihe kimwe bishoboka ko bitavumbuwe mu gihe cy’ubwigenge. Icyakora, Joseph Needham yerekanye ko kuvuga ibirahuri mu nyandiko yandikishijwe intoki y’igishinwa Laufer yakoreshaga kugira ngo yemeze ko byavumbuwe mbere muri Aziya bitigeze bibaho mu mpapuro za kera z’iyo nyandiko, no kubavuga nyuma yaho hiyongereyeho ku ngoma ya Ming.
Mu myaka ya za 1930, “indorerwamo” zasobanuwe nk “ibikoresho byo kwa muganga.” Kwambara indorerwamo rimwe na rimwe byafatwaga nk’urukozasoni mu mibereho. Mu myaka ya za 70, ibirahuri by’imyambarire byatangiye kuboneka binyuze mu nganda, kandi leta nazo zemera ko hakenewe imyenda y’amaso.
Umuhanga w’umunyamerika Benjamin Franklin, wari urwaye myopiya na presbyopiya, yahimbye ibice bibiri. Abahanga mu by’amateka bagiye batanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko abandi bashobora kuba baramubanjirije mu gihangano; icyakora, inzandiko zanditswe na George Whatley na John Fenno, umwanditsi w’ikinyamakuru The Gazette cyo muri Amerika, zagaragaje ko Franklin yayahimbye koko, kandi wenda imyaka 50 mbere y’uko byari byatekerejwe mbere. Lens ya mbere yo gukosora astigmatism yateguwe n’umuhanga mu bumenyi bw’ikirere w’Ubwongereza George Airy mu 1825.
Mu 1971, Rishi Agarwal, mu kiganiro yasohotse mu kinyamakuru cyo mu Bwongereza cyitwa Ophthalmology, avuga ko Vyasatirtha yagaragaye afite ibirahuri bibiri mu myaka ya za 1520, avuga ko: “… bityo rero, bishoboka cyane ko gukoresha lens byagezweho n’uburayi binyuze mu barabu, kimwe n’imibare y’Abahindu n’ibikorwa by’amaso by’umuganga wa kera umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga witwa Sushruta “, ariko amatariki yose yatanzwe neza nyuma y’uko mu Butaliyani hashyizweho amadarubindi, kandi hakaba hari ibicuruzwa byinshi byoherejwe mu Butaliyani mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, hamwe byoherejwe bingana n’ibirahuri 24.000.