text:
YOHANA 6:6
" icyatumye amubaza atyo yagirango amugerageze ubwe yari azi icyo ari bukore"
Burya tujya twirushya muri byinshi, tugaca hirya no hino twishakira ibisubizo, tukanabibura ariko, Yesu aba azi neza icyo agomba gukora kugirango ibintu bihinduke kuko ni inshuti nziza itadutererana.
Aha dusomye Yesu yateranyije abantu abaganiriza iby’ ubwami bw’Imana, ageza aho abona ko bananiwe kandi bashonje, ikindi benshi muribo bagombaga gukora urugendo rurerure basubira iwabo.
Abigishwa niko gutangira kubwira Yesu ngo, nabasezerere batahe, Yesu nawe ati nimubagaburire, humura nawe, Yesu azi ibyawe.
Hari igihe abantu bo baba bashaka ko wabavira aho, kuko baba bakubona nk,umutwaro, ariko Yesu we ati nimubicaze, humura uko abantu babona ibyawe Yesu we siko abibona, imvugo yabo itandukanye n’iye, kuko niwe nshuti nziza.
Baravuga ngo genda ariok we akavuga ngo ngwino bavuga ngo nibagusezerere amara masa we akavuga ngo nibakwicaze utagenda amara masa.
Ni ukuri Yesu niwe ubizi, muri iyi minsi abantu benshi nta magambo y’ihumure bafite ahubwo ni iterabwoba, bakubwira ikigiye kukwica, ntibakubwire icyagukiza ,ariko siko ubutumwa bwiza bumeze, uzasanga akenshi mu bahanuzi, ubuhanuzi bukanga abantu bubabwira ngo nimudakora ibi cyangwa ibi muzahura n’ibyago, nyamara batabibwirijwe n’umwuka wera, ahubwo ari ugaharanira inyungu zabo, ariko humura niba uri bugufi bwa Yesu, arabizi ntiyagusezerera amara masa
Yesu azi ubukene bwawe, azi neza uko ubayeho, azi aho uba, ndetse azi n’imibabaro yawe yose, humura rero azi icyo gukora wimucira inzira, wikwita kurucantege rw’abantu, wowe guma hafi ye gusa wumve amagambo ye, ibindi arabyimenyera.
Yabajije abigishwa ngo mbese hari icyintu mufite?
Arababaza ngo twagura he ibyo kurya?
Baramushwishuriza ngo naho twagira idenariyo 200 ntacyo zamara, mbega bamubwira ko ibyo avuga byo kugaburira abantu bitashoboka bashingiye ku mpamvu zabo.
Uko niko abantu tumeze ibituyobeye, tukugira inama yo gukurayo amaso ariko Yesu we si uko adufitiye ibidukwiriye.
Umva ijambo ryiza nakunze, uko bamubwiraga ngo, basezerere batahe batitaye kubiri bubabeho mu nzira cyangwa bageze mungo we yarababwiye ati "nimubicaze mubagaburire"
Nubwo hari byinshi byakwirukankanye, Yesu aravuze ngo icara utuze bakugaburire .
Benedata ntabwo ibisubizo byacu biva ahandi uretse kuri Yesu, niwe ubifite byose, Nuko rero wirakarira abantu ngo ntacyo bakoze reba Yesu niwe uzi icyo yakora.
Humura isaha nigera azategeka bakwicaze bakugezeho ibyawe byose hatabuzemo na kimwe .
[email protected]


c: text/html

text:
INAMA ZIGIRWA ITORERO - IGITABO CYA 2- Contents
-
- Ingeso zikwiriye kuranga umugore uzashaka
- Ingeso zikwiriye kuranga umugabo uzashaka
- Kwemera ingeso ziboneye
- Urukundo ni impano nziza ituruka kuri Yesu
- Gusenga no kwiga Bibiliya bitera umuntu guhitamo igikwiriye
- Inama ituruka ku babyeyi bubaha Imana
- Imiburo ibwirwa abagamije gushyingirwa
- Ingeso idakwiriye
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- IGICE CYA 32: INDIRIMBO
-
-
-
-
- Ababyeyi bukwiriye kumvikana
- Akaga ko kurerana ubukana bwinshi cyane
- Gukundira abana gukurira mu bujiji ni icyaha
- Ububi bw ‘ubunebwe
- Babyeyi nimuyobore abana banyu kuri Kristo
- Ntimukirengagize iby ‘ubwenge bukennye
- Ntihakagire ubwo uhana umwana urakaye
- Akamaro ko kuba umunyakuri ku bana
- Akamaro ko gukuza ingeso
- Ibyambayeho mu mirerere y'abana banjye
- Ababyeyi bakeneye kuyoborwa n’Imana biruseho
- Mubigishe kubaha n'ikinyabupfura
-
- Inshingano y'itorero
- Ubufashu bwiza bw’amashuri yacu
- Abigisha bayoborwa n ‘Imana
- Imico v ‘uni wigisha tv ‘ishuri
- Uruhare rwa Bibiliya mu burezi bwa Gikristo
- Akaga ko kohereza abana mu ishuri bakiri bato
- Agaciro ko kwigisha iby'imirimo yo gutunga abantu mu mibereho yabo
- Icyubahiro cyo gukora
- Ururimi kavukire ntirukwiriye kwirengagizwa
- Ibitabo byanditswe n’abatagira icyo bemera byangwa n’Imana
- Amaherezo y’uburezi bwa Gikristo
- Ishingano y’umwigishwa yo gutera ishuri rye gushikama
-
- IGICE CYA 39: AKAMARO K’ISUKU
-
-
-
- Results
- Related
- Featured
- Weighted Relevancy
- Content Sequence
- Relevancy
- Earliest First
- Latest First
Imico v ‘uni wigisha tv ‘ishuri
Nimwishakire umugabo wo kubabera umukuru w’ishuri, umugabo ufite imbaraga z’ umubiri zizamubashisha gukora umurimo wo kuba umurezi; umugabo ukwiriye kwigisha ingeso zo kugira gahunda, isuku n’umwete. Nimukore umurimo wose muwurangize ku cyo mutangiye gukora cyose. Niba muri abakiranutsi mu byo kwigisha ibyigisho rusange, abenshi mu bigishwa banyu bashobora gukora umurimo wo kugurisha ibitabo, bakaba n’ababwirizabutumwa. Ntidukwiriye kwiyumvamo yuko abakozi bose bagomba kugira ubwenge bwinshi. 18 CT 213,214;IZI2 136.1
Mu byo gutoranya abigisha, dukwiriye kwitonda cyane, tukamenya yuko icyo ari ikintu cy’icyubahiro nko gutora abantu bo gukora umurimo w’ubugabura. Abantu b’abanyabwenge bashobora kugenzura ingeso, ni bo bakwiriye gutorwa; kuko iyo ari impano iruta izindi ikenewe mu kwigisha no gutunganya ubwenge bw’abasore, no gukomeza neza imirimo ikwiriye gukorwa n’abigisha mu mashuri y’itorero. Ntimugashyire mu bana abasore, cyangwa abigishwa batamenyereye badafite ubwenge bwo gukoresha; kuko umurimo wabo uzana umuvurungano. 19 CT 174,175;IZI2 136.2
Ntihakagire umwigisha ukoreshwa, keretse mufite ubuhamya bugaragazwa n’ibigeragezo n’ibishuko, by’uko akunda Imana kandi atinya kuyicumuraho. Niba abigisha bigishwa n’Imana, niba ibyigisho byabo byigirwa buri munsi mu ishuri rya Kristo, bazakora umurimo wa Kristo. Bazayobora abantu babakurure bafatanyije na Kristo; kuko umwana n’umusore wese bafite agaciro gakomeye. 20 FH 260;IZI2 136.3
Imico n’imigirire by’umwigisha bikwiriye kuzirikanwa ko ari iby’agaciro gakomeye biruseho kuruta ubwenge bwe bwo mu bitabo. Kugira ngo akoreshe ubwenge buboneye, akwiriye kwitegeka bisesuye, kandi umutima we ukwiriye gusabwa n’urukundo rwinshi akunda abigishwa be, rukagaragara ku ndoro ye, ku magambo ye no mu mirimo ye. 21 FH 19;IZI2 136.4
Umwigisha akwiriye guhora yiyobora ari n’Umukristo w’umugwaneza. Akwiriye kuba incuti n’umujyanama w’abigishwa be. Iyaba abantu bacu, abigisha, abapasitoro n’Abakristo n’abatabazi bari bafite umutima w’ubupfura bwa Gikristo, babashije kugera ku mitima y’abantu; abenshi cyane baba baragize umwete wo gusuzuma no kwakira iby’ukuri. Igihe umwigisha wese azibagirwa inarijye, maze akuzurwamo n’ubwuzu bwo kujya mbere kw’abigishwa be, azi ko ari ab’Imana, kandi akaba azi ko azabazwa uko yabahaye icyitegererezo mu bwenge no mu mico, tuzagira ishuri abamarayika bazakunda kubamo. 22 CT 93, 94;IZI2 136.5
Amashuri y’amatorero yacu akennye abigisha bafite imico yera cyane; bashobora kwiringirwa; bafite kwizera gushikamye, kandi bafite ubwenge no kwihangana; bagendana n’Imana, kandi banga ikibi n’igisa nacyo cyose.IZI2 137.1
Guha abana bacu abigisha b’abibone kandi badafite urukundo ni icyaha. Umwigisha umeze atyo abasha kugirira nabi cyane abafite ingeso zigikura vuba vuba. Niba abigisha batagandukira Imana, niba badakunda abana bategeka, cyangwa niba bagaragaza ko batonesha ababashyeshyenga, maze bakagaragariza abadafite igikundiro ko batabitayeho, cyangwa bakabigaragariza abadafite ituze cyangwa abararuka, ntibakwiriye gukoreshwa, kuko amaherezo y’imirimo yabo azaba ayo kuvutsa abantu Kristo.IZI2 137.2
Abigisha barakenewe, cyane cyane kubwo kwigisha abana, abigisha bafite ituze mu mutima kandi b’abagwaneza, bagaragaza kwihangana n’urukundo kubabikeneye cyane. 23 CT 175, 176;IZI2 137.3
Umwigisha nadasobanukirwa n’akamaro k’amasengesho kandi ntacishe umutima we bugufi imbere y’Imana, ntazasobanukirwa n’agaciro gakomeye rwose k’ubwenge. 24 CT 231;IZI2 137.4
Akamaro k’imimirere y’umubiri w’umwigisha ntawabasha kubona uko agasoganura; kuko uko ubuzima bwe bungana ari nako umurimo we uzarushaho gutungana. Ubwenge ntibubasha gutekereza neza kandi ngo bukorane imbaraga mu gihe umubiri ubabajwe n’intege nke cyangwa indwara. Umutima utegekwa n’ibitekerezo; ariko iyo umubiri ufite intege nke, ubwenge bubura imbaraga, umuyoboro unyuzwamo ibitekerezo bikomeye n’imigambi ukaziba, maze umwigisha akananirwa kurobanura icyiza n’ikibi. Iyo aremejwe n’indwara, ntibimworohera kwihangana no kunezerwa, cyangwa gukorana gukiranuka no kutabera. 25 CT 177;IZI2 137.5

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text: Benshi muri rubanda bumvise ayo magambo, bati «Uyu ni we wa Muhanuzi koko.» Abandi bati «Ni Kristu.» Abandi na bo bati «Kristu azaturuke se mu Galileya? Ibyanditswe ntibivuga ko Kristu ari uwo mu nkomoko ya Dawudi, ko azaturuka ku musozi wa Betelehemu, aho Dawudi yavukiye?» Ibyo bituma rubanda bicamo ibice kubera we. Bamwe muri bo bashakaga kumufata, ariko ntihagira umukozaho n’urutoki. Nuko abagaragu baragaruka basanga abatware b’abaherezabitambo n’Abafarizayi; barababaza bati «Ko mutamuzanye ni iki?» Abagaragu barabasubiza bati «Nta muntu wigeze avuga nk’uwo muntu.» Abafarizayi bati «Ese namwe mwashukitse? Hari n’umwe mu Bategetsi cyangwa se mu Bafarizayi wamwemeye? Si rubanda ruriya rutazi amategeko? Ni ibivume.» Umwe muri bo, Nikodemu, wigeze gusanga Yezu mbere, arababwira ati «Harya amategeko yacu apfa gucira umuntu urubanza, batabanje kumwumva ngo bamenye icyo yakoze?» Baramusubiza bati «Mbese nawe uri Umunyagalileya? Uzashishoze, uzasanga ari nta muhanuzi uvuka mu Galileya!» Nuko bose barikubura barataha, umwe iwe, undi iwe.


text:
Hagati y’itariki 9 Gicurasi n’iya mbere Nyakanga, mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa haraburanishwa urubanza rw’umunyarwanda witwa Bucyibaruta Laurent, ukurikiranyweho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda.
Ni urubanza ruburanishirizwa mu rukiko rwa Rubanda (Cour d’Assises). Bucyibaruta akurikiranyweho kuba yarashishikarije abaturage gukusanya inkunga zo kugura intwaro zo kwica Abatutsi, no gutanga amategeko ku nterahamwe yo gukora ubwicanyi ahantu hatandukanye.
Uwo Bucyibaruta Laurent ari we
- Yavukiye mu cyahoze ari Komini Musange mu 1944
- Yabaye Burugumesitiri, aba Superefe, aba na Perefe wa Kibungo 1985-1992
- Nyuma yabaye Perefe wa Gikongoro (1992- 1994), ari n’umuyobozi wa komite ya Perefegitura y’urubyiruko rw’Interahamwe
- Yahungiye mu Bufaransa mu 1997
Ibyo Bucyibaruta ashinjwa
Amakuru ava mu batanga ubuhamya avuga ko Bucyibaruta yayoboye Interahamwe mu bwicanyi bwabereye ahantu hatandukanye harimo: ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Cyanika na Kaduha hagati y’itariki 21 na 22 Mata 1994; ubwicanyi bwakorewe muri gereza ya Gikongoro; no ku ishuri ry’abakobwa rya Kibeho (Ecole des filles de Kibeho) ku itariki 7 Gicurasi 1994.
Ikindi kivugwa ni uko Bucyibaruta yashutse Abatutsi kwikusanyiriza mu ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, abasezeranya ko bagiye guhabwa ibyo kurya. Nyuma rero haje kuza abicanyi barahabicira ku matariki ya 20 na 21 Mata 1994.
Ibyo wamenya ku rukiko rwa rubanda (Cour d’Assises)
Urukiko rwa rubanda (Cour d’Assises) ni urukiko ruburanisha ibyaha bikomeye, birimo ubwicanyi, ibyaha by’ubugome, ubujura bwitwaje intwaro, ibyaha byo gufata ku ngufu ndetse n’ibivugwamo amarozi.
Ni urukiko ruburanisha ibyaha bishobora guhanishwa igifungo kirengeje imyaka icumi, gishobora no kugera ku gifungo cya burundu.
Urukiko rwa rubanda ruba rugizwe n’abacamanza batatu babigize umwuga kandi babihoramo, hakiyongeraho abaturage 12 b’inyangamugayo batoranijwe muri rubanda.
Mu gufata icyemezo no guhana, abacamanza babigize umwuga bagendera ku mwanzuro w’inyangamugayo, bakagena igihano bashingiye ku cyo amategeko ateganya. Ni bo bashobora kwemeza ko uregwa agirwa umwere, agira ibyo yishyura, cyangwa ahanishwa igifungo.


text:
Mu minsi ishize ni bwo twabagejejeho inkuru y'uko Dj Marnaud yatumiwe mu gihugu cy'u Bubiligi mu gitaramo agomba kuhakorera afatanyije na Dj Princess Flor tariki 9 Werurwe 2019. Mu bagombaga kuzatarama muri iki gitaramo hari harimo na Bruce Melody, gusa kuri ubu amakuru ahari ni uko uyu muhanzi yabuze ibyangombwa.
Amakuru mashya ahari kuri aba banyamuziki b’abanyarwanda ni uko Bruce Melody yabuze ibyangombwa byari kumufasha kujyana na bagenzi ku mugabane w’Uburayi (Visa). Biravugwa ko Bruce Melody n’umujyanama we bari kujyana batigeze bahabwa ibyangombwa mu gihe Dj Marnaud we yamaze guhabwa Visa nyamara bagenzi be bari kujyana bakaba bayibuze.
Igitaramo cya mbere cyari mu Bubiligi
Ku ruhande rwa Bruce Melody batangarije Inyarwanda.com ko ubu bafite akazi muri Tour du Rwanda batazi neza aho ibya Visa yabo bigeze. Bahamya ko bazongera kwiruka muri iki kibazo nyuma yo kugaruka i Kigali ku wa Gatanu tariki 1 Werurwe 2019. Amakuru agera ku Inyarwanda.com ahamya ko ubwo batangaga ibyangombwa bisaba Visa Bruce Melody na Manager we hari ibyo batari batanze bituma basabwa gushaka ibindi bityo dosiye yabo iratinda.
Igitaramo cya kabiri cyari mu Bufaransa
Dj Marnaud we yahawe Visa abandi basabwa kujyana ibyo byangombwa byaburaga icyakora kugeza ubu bakaba batarahabwa VISA, ndetse amakuru ahari akaba ari uko bashobora gutegereza yewe bikarangira n’itariki yo kugenda ibafashe batarabona ibyangombwa. Byari byitezwe ko aba bahanzi bose bazava mu Rwanda mu ntangiriro za Werurwe 2019 cyane ko igitaramo cya mbere cyo mu Bubiligi cyagombaga kuba tariki 9 Werurwe 2019 naho bagataramira mu Bufaransa tariki 16 Werurwe 2019.


text:
Barishimira iterambere ry’ubuhahirane ryabakuye mu bwigunge
Abaturage bo mu Karere ka Rutsiro baratangaza ko ubuhahirane bwateye imbere bigatuma aka karere kava mu bwigunge.
Mu byazamuye ubuhahirane hari umuhanda wa kaburimbo (Kivu Belt) ubahuza n’ibindi bice by’Igihugu ndetse n’ingendo zo mu kiyaga cya Kivu ubu zisigaye zaroroshye.
Kubwimana David utuye mu Mudugudu wa Nkwero, mu Kagari ka Congo Nile, Umurenge wa Gihango, yatangarije Imvaho Nshya ko mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, agace batuyemo kari inyuma mu iterambere, ariko ubu kamaze kugeramo ibikorwa byinshi byazamuye imibereho y’abaturage bitewe n’imiyoborere myiza Igihugu gifite ubu.
Yagize ati: “Hano hari ahantu hari inyuma, nta mazu meza yari ahari, nta suku yahabaga, isoko ryaremeraga mu isanteri hano ugasanga hari umwanda, ariko ubu nakubwira ko ibintu byahindutse ku buryo bugaragara, iterambere ryaraje, Akarere kacu karagendwa, duhahirana n’utundi turere, na ba mukerarugendo barahatemberera, ubu kujya i Kigali byaroroshye cyane hari kaburimbo”.
Yakomeje avuga ko mbere batarabona umuhanda wa kaburimbo byari bigoye kujya mu bindi bice by’Igihugu. Ati: “ Nk’iyo wabaga ushaka kujya i Kigali wamaraga icyumweru utegura urwo rugendo bitarashoboka, wategerezaga bisi amasaha n’amasaha wajya kumva ukumva yapfiriye mu nzira bakajyana abakanishi bakajya kuyikora, urumva ko byari bikomeye. Ubu biroroshye urahamagara uti nimunkatire itike, ukagenda wabishaka ukarara ugarutse. Iterambere ni ryose!”
Ahorushakiye wo mu Kagari ka Gihinga, Umurenge wa Ruhango na we yagize ati “Turashimira umubyeyi wacu Perezida Kagame, twishimiye iterambere yatugejejeho; yaduhaye umuhanda uva i Rubavu ukajya i Karongi ukagera n’i Rusizi, uwo muhanda wadukuye mu bwigunge ubuhahirane bumeze neza. Yanampaye n’inka ubu ndoroye, sinabona uko mushimira”.
Mbarubukeye Leonard wo mu Kagari ka Bugina mu Murenge wa Gihango, avuga ko yakuriye mu Karere ka Rutsiro, kera nta terambere yahabonaga.
Yagize ati: “Twageze ku majyambere, ubu narikenuye ndoroye kandi noroje n’abandi.Umukuru w’Igihugu cyacu yaduhaye umuhanda, ntitukigenda mu bihuru, amashanyarazi arahari ubu n’iwange nsigaye nkora ku rukuta amatara akaka, agatadowa naragasezereye, ibyishimo ni byose.Ndashimira ubuyobozi bwiza dufite”.
Uwitwa Nyirabera Thérèse ufite imyaka 78, na we utuye muri aka Karere ka Rutsiro yavuze ko uretse umuhanda hari n’ibindi bikorwa remezo begerejwe. Ati: “Twabonye umuhanda mwiza ariko twabonye n’amashanyarazi, turacana ugasanga mu nzu hari umucyo, haje n’imiyoboro y’amazi meza, amajyambere yaraje, ibyo byose tubikesha ubuyobozi bwiza dufite kuko mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ibyo byose ntibyari bihari”.
Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere bushimangira ko urujya n’uruza rwiyongereye
Gakuru Innocent, Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Rutsiro wungirije ushinzwe iterambere n’ubukungu, avuga ko hari byinshi byagezweho birebana n’iterambere; hamaze kugera ibikorwa remezo bitandukanye byahinduye imibereho y’abaturage.
Yagarutse ku mpinduka zimaze kuzanwa na kaburimbo agira ati: “By’umwihariko noneho ubu dufite kaburimbo yaje ari igisubizo gikomeye haba mu rwego rw’ubuhahirane n’imigenderanire, ubu mu karere hari urujya n’uruza rw’abaturage; kujya mu Karere ka Karongi biroroshye, kujya za Kigali biroroshye na za Rubavu, ubucuruzi bwariyongereye iyo ni intambwe ikomeye”.
Yakomeje avuga ko ikiyaga cya Kivu na cyo ari ubukungu kandi cyorohereza abaturage mu buhahirane bakajya no mu masoko yo mu tundi turere, ubu hari amato menshi abafasha mu bucuruzi.
Yongeyeho ko aka karere gasigaye kanasurwa cyane na ba mukerarugendo kuko ingendo zoroshye, bakabasha no gutembera mu kiyaga cya Kivu.
Ku nkengero za kiriya kiyaga, hari abashoramari batangiye kuhubaka amahoteri, avuga ko na byo biri mu biteza imbere abaturage kuko mu bihe bya shize nta hantu hari hahari umuntu yacumbika, akabona icyo kurya n’aho arara, ibyo bituma abasura akarere bahatinda bakahasiga amafaranga.
Ati: “ Ni ahantu hasurwa cyane na ba mukerarugendo bava za Rubavu bagakomeza hano iwacu Rutsiro, bagakomeza bajya mu bice bya za Karongi no mu tundi turere, urumva ko aho banyura, aho baraye bahasiga amafaranga bitewe n’ibyo bagenda bagura bigatuma abaturage biteza imbere”.
Amasoko na yo yatumye ubukungu bw’abaturage n’ubw’Akarere muri rusange butera imbere kuko harimo n’aremwa n’abaturutse ahandi.
Ati: “Ikindi navuga gifasha abaturage ni amasoko acuruza ibicuruzwa bitandukanye hamwe n’ay’amatungo by’umwihariko amasoko y’inka arimo isoko rya Rambura riri mu Murenge wa Mukura, iryo muri Manihira n’irya Nkura riduhuza n’abaturanyi bo muri Congo.
Ibyo na byo ni isoko y’ubukungu kuko abaturage babona aho bagurishiriza amatungo n’umusaruro wabo n’abakora ubwo bucuruzi bw’amatungo bakagira icyo babona kibateza imbere”.
Hari n’imihanda yagiye ikorwa ifasha abaturage kugeza umusaruro ku masoko.
Gakuru Innocent, Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Rutsiro wungirije ushinzwe ubukungu n’iterambere, avuga ko n’indi bikorwa remezo bimaze kuhagera bifasha muri urwo rujya n’uruza kuko abahasura bahabona ibyo bakenera.
Muri byo harimo amashanyarazi yakwirakwijwe hirya no hino mu mirenge, uretse umurenge umwe wa Nyabirasi atarageramo kandi na ho ngo hari gahunda ya vuba yo kuyahageza.
Yakomeje agira ati : “Ikindi ni uko ubu hakwirakwije n’amazi meza, kuko ntiwavuga ko umuturage yateye imbere mu gihe atarabona amazi meza”.
Yagaragaje kandi ko hari ikindi bitezeho kuzamura urujya n’uruza n’urwego rw’ubukerarugendo, akaba ari Pariki ya Gishwati-Mukura, ubu harimo kugezwa ibikorwa remezo by’ibanze kugira ngo ba mukeruregendo batangire bahasure.
Ati: “Muri uko kubaka ibikorwa remezo hari abaturage benshi babonye akazi, hari abarinda Pariki, ayo na yo ni andi mahirwe y’iterambere”.
Uyu muyobozi arakangurira abaturage gukomeza kubyaza umusaruro ibikorwa remezo bagenda bagerezwa, bakabibungabunga, bikarushaho kubahindurira imibereho.


text:
Inyigisho yo ku wa kane, taliki ya 31 Ukuboza 2020
Amasomo: 1 Yh 2, 18-21; Yh 1, 1-18
Yezu naganze iteka.
Bavandimwe, harabura amasaha makeya tugasoza umwaka w’i 2020, tugatangira umushya w’i 2021. Uyu mwaka waje ari akandare, utwereka ibyo amaso yacu atigeze abona: ariko mwibaza kubona kuva ku kibondo kugera ku kibando, duhezwa mu mazu nk’abakoze ibyaha, abana bakagera aho basaba abayobozi kubemerera kujya gukina (kwidagadura) hanze nibuze utunota mirongo itatu? Kubona imbwa zemererwa gusohoka umwana w’umuntu agahezwa mu nzu? Kubona abantu bagenda bapfutse umunwa n’amazuru nk’aho umwuka bahumeka wuzuye impumuro ihumanya? Buri karere kagize iryo kazavuga ryaranze uyu mwaka.
Iki cyorezo cya Korona Virus 19 (COVID19), kibe icyiza cyizanye cyangwa cyaracuzwe na muntu, dore ko ntabyo muntu atavumbura bibi cyangwa byiza; cyeretse abafite amaso abona n’amatwi yumva, ko ibyo abantu twiratana, ibituma dusuzugura, duhonyora uburenganzira bw’ abandi nta gaciro, nk’uko twabifataga. Ukaba ufite indege, imodoka, mbese imitungo bikarangira uhejejwe mu nzu, bati pfuka uwo munwa n’ayo mazuru, iyi saha igere wageze mu nzu iwawe….ibi byose twabonye ko bihagarara ubuzima bugakomeza ku neza y’Imana, yo itanga kuramuka. Nimucyo rero, duterure dusingiza kandi dushimira Imana itwirindiye mu mpuhwe zayo. Ni uko twisabire kumenya igikwiye, igifite akamaro kuko ibyo kenshi dushyiramo amizero, si ko biba bidufitiye akamaro.
Turi mu byishimo byo guhimbaza urukundo ruhebuje Imana yakunze abantu, kugera ubwo itwoherereje Umwana wayo Jambo, ari we Yezu akigira umuntu maze akabana natwe kugira ngo atubohore ingoyi y’icyaha n’urupfu. Koko amahoro ya Emanweli, Imana turi kumwe, nahorane natwe iteka ryose.
Jambo uwo, yariho, akabana n’Imana kandi akaba Imana. Ni we ibintu byose bikesha kubaho, nta kiremwa na kimwe cyabayeho bitamuturutseho. Ni we bugingo, kandi ubwo bugingo bukaba urumuri rw’abantu. Igiteye agahinda ni ukubona yaraje gusura abo yiremeye, bo ntibamwakire, ntibamumenye kandi ari we bari bategereje. Gusa abamumenye bakamwakira, bakemera izina rye yabageneye guhinduka abana b’Imana. Uko guhinduka abana b’Imana ntabwo byakomotse ku cyifuzo cyangwa ubushake bwa muntu, ni ku neza y’Imana ubwayo.
Uyu munsi tuzirikana Jambo wigize umuntu akabana natwe, ni akanya keza ko kuzirikana ku magambo dukoresha dushyikirana n’abandi, nk’uko abakurambere bacu babibonye kare bagaterura bati: “Burya Ijambo ryiza ni mugenzi w’Imana”.
Bavandimwe, uyu munsi mu ijoro turasoza umwaka dutangire umushya. Birakwiye ko twibaza ku magambo dukoresha mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Burya Ijambo ryiza, ritera akanyamuneza, rigahumuriza, rikomora kandi rigafasha uribwiwe kutiheba no kudatakaza icyanga cy’ubuzima, kuko riguha imbaraga zo gukomeza urugendo rw’ubuzima, udaciwe intege n’ibigeragezo bitajya bibura mu buzima.
Ijambo ribi, rihungabanya uribwiwe, kuko rikomeretsa, rigatera uburakari, umujinya, rikaba ryaviramo uribwiwe kuba yakora amahano atari yateguye gukora, kuko riryana kurusha inkoni ukubiswe. Igikomere gitewe n’ijambo ribi, gikira kigoranye ndetse bakavuga ko n’inkovu yacyo iryana iyo wongeye kurishyikirizwa.
Twese mu bantu ntawe unezezwa no kubwirwa ijambo rikomeretsa, yewe kabone n’ukoze ikosa aba ashaka kugirirwa imbabazi no kutabwirwa nabi. Birakwiye rwose ko abamenye Yezu Kristu, Jambo w’Imana, kwihatira gukoresha amagambo aboneye, akwiye, ajyanye n’ijambo rya Yezu wagize ati: “Ibyo mwifuza ko abandi babagirira byose, namwe mubibagirire: ngayo Amategeko n’Abahanuzi” (Mt 7,12).
Dufate umwanya buri wese arebe muri uyu mwaka uko yitwaye mu mvugo, wibaze uti: Ese mu magambo no mu bikorwa byanjye naba narafashije abandi kwigiramo ibyishimo: kubahumuriza, kubakomeza mu kwemera no mu buzima bwa buri munsi? Aho imvugo n’amagambo byanjye aho gufasha abandi ntibyabakomerekeje, ntibyabababaje, ntibyabateye cyangwa bikabasigira agahinda ku mutima? Aho iyo bambonye ntibakomeretswa n’uko nabitwayeho?
Bavandimwe Pawulo intumwa atubwira ko urukundo ruruta byose. Kuko ukunda amenya korohera abandi, akabihanganira, ikibi akagitsindisha ineza. Ukunda arangwa no gufasha kandi agatega amatwi abandi, akabahumuriza kuko adashobora gukora ikidahwitse. Ukunda yamagana ikinyoma n’akarengane, aho byava hose. Ukunda amenya kubabarira agatsinda ikitwa urwango, inzika n’ishyari. Ukunda aba ari umubibyi w’ibyishimo, amahoro no kwizera (soma 1Kor 1, 13,4-7).
Niduharanire kubaho duhamya uwo twemeye: Jambo, dukesha byose, kugera aho twitwa abana b’Imana kubera ineza ye. Ni ubuntu bugeretse ku bundi, nta nyiturano twabona ngo ihwane n’urwo rukundo. Gusa we atwisabira: Kumumenya no kumwizera, kuko ari we rumuri nyakuri rumurikira umuntu wese uza kuri iyi si. Abamwemera rero niturangwe no gukunda gusoma no kuzirikana Ijambo rye, dusanga mu Byanditswe Bitagatifu. Ni ho tuzamenyera icyo adushakaho n’uko dukwiye kugikora nk’uko Umubyeyi we Bikira Mariya abitwibutsa: “Icyo ababwira cyose mu gikore” (Yh 2,5).
Nyuma yo kuzirikana Ibyanditswe bitagatifu, dushake umwanya wo kuganira no gushyikirana na we. Kuko utumikira uwo abatavugana agera aho akamubeshyera. Ibyo tukabikora mu isengesho ryacu ryihariye n’iryo dufatanya n’abandi nk’Igitambo cya Misa, umuhimbazo w’Ijambo ry’Imana, gushengerera Yezu mu Isakaramentu ritagatifu ry’Ukaristiya n’andi makoraniro duhuriramo n’abandi dusingiza, dukuza, dushimira kandi dusaba Imana kugumana natwe nk’ abigishwa b’i Emawusi bateruye bagasaba bati: “Gumana natwe” (Lk 24, 29).
Ubwo rero turi mu gusoza umwaka dutangira undi, ni akanya keza: aho waba uri hose, waba uri muri Gumamurugo, udashobora kubona uko ujya mu kiriziya, ibuka ko urugo rwawe, inzu utuyemo, umutima wawe ari aho Jambo w’Imana agusanga, n’ubwo waba uri muri gereza, mu modoka, mu nzira ugenda umutima wawe ni ingoro Yezu ashaka guturamo nubimwemerera. Dushake akanya twisuzume tutihenze ubwenge, turebe ibyo twakoze n’uko twabaniye abandi nidusanga bikocamye tubisabire imbabazi Nyagasani nibidushobokera tunazisabe abo tutabaniye uko bikwiye, ibyo twakoze neza tumushimire kandi tubimusingirize, tumusaba kubidukomereza no gukosora ibyo twateshutsweho, maze duterure tuvugira hamwe na Mutagatifu Farasisiko wa Asize tuti:Nyagasani, ngira umugabuzi w’amahoro yawe:
Ahari urwango mpashyire urukundo. Ahari ubushyamirane, mpashyire kubababarirana. Ahari amacakubiri mpashyire ubumwe. Ahari ukuyoba, mpashyire ukuri. Ahari ukujijinganya, mpashyire ukwemera. Ahari ukwiheba, mpashyire ukwizera. Ahari icuraburindi, mpashyire urumuri. Ahari agahinda, mpashyire ibyishimo.
Nyagasani aho gushaka guhozwa njye mpoza abandi. Aho gushaka kumvwa njye numva abandi. Aho kwikundisha njye nkunda abandi. Kuko utanga ari we uhabwa, uwiyibagirwa ni we uronka. Ubabarira ni we ubababarirwa. Uhara amagara ye, ni we uzukira kubaho iteka. Amina.
Padiri Anselimi Musafiri.


text:
Umusaza witwa Gafaranga Pierre uri mu kigero cy’imyaka 70 wari utuye mu Murenge wa Kimisagara, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, yagiye mu bwiherero ahita apfiramo.
Kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki ya 19 Nzeri 2022, nibwo uyu musaza usanzwe ukora akazi ko kudoda inkweto yapfiriye mu bwiherero mu buryo butunguranye.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Kimisagara, Kalisa Jean Sauveur, yabwiye IGIHE ko amakuru y’urupfu rw’uwo musaza bayamenye mu rukerera rwo ku wa Mbere.
Yavuze ko uyu mugabo yari mu kigero cy’imyaka 70 ndetse yari yaratandukanye n’umugore we uretse ko babaga mu rugo rumwe.
Yagize ati “ Byabaye mu rukerera uretse ko yari umuntu utishoboye wari unafite indwara nk’iy’umutima ku buryo ishobora kuba ari yo yamwishe.”
Yakomeje avuga ko uyu musaza akimara gupfa abakozi b’Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha RIB bahise bahagera bakora iperereza barangije bahita baha uburenganzira umuryango we bwo kumushyingura.


text:
Rwamagana: Urubyiruko rurasabwa gutangira amakuru igihe cyose bahohotewe
Muri gahunda y’ubukangurambaga bwo kurengera umwana, ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Rwamagana bwagiranye ikiganiro n’abanyeshuri bo mu kigo cy’ishuri cya GS Saint Vincent de Paul. Insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Turengere umwana none n’ejo hazaza.
Ubuyobozi bwasabye abana b’abanyeshuri baba barahuye n’ihohoterwa kwandika udupapuro kugira ngo bamenyekanishe ibibazo bahuye nabyo bubikurikirane.
Munezero Sylivie ni umunyeshuri yavuze ko agomba kwirinda abamushuka. Agira ati ‘’ngomba kwirinda abanshukisha ibintu nkanyurwa n’ibyo ababyeyi banjye bampaye ibitabonetse nkihangana nkareka gusaba abantu bose mbonye’’. Anongera ho ko agiye kugira inama bagenzi be bavuye mu ishuri bakarisubiramo, akanabasaba kudahishira ababahohotera bakajya batangira amakuru ku gihe.
Sibomana Athanase yiga muri iki kigo S2, yavuze ko ubu bukangurambaga bumweretse ko agomba kugira ikinyabupfura akirinda imyitwarire mibi ndetse akajya agira inama bagenzi be abona batari mu nzira nziza kugira ngo nabo bazagire ejo hazaza heza.
Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza mu Karere ka Rwamagana, Umutoni Jeanne yavuze ko kugira ngo babashe kurengera umwana bagomba kujyanamo, ababyeyi na buri wese. Agira ati ‘’wowe ubwawe nubasha kwirinda uzatanga amakuru nutirinda uzaceceka,sibyo!’’
Yongeye gusaba abitabiriye ubu bukangurambaga kwirinda amakimbirane yo mu miryango yibutsa ko umwana arengerwa ku bintu byose kandi bakajya batanga amakuru ku ihohoterwa ryose ryaba iryabakorewe, haba kubasibya ishuri, kurinda inyoni mu muceri, kujya gucuruza amagi n’ibindi. Ati ‘’ ku myaka yanyu muri abo kwiga’’.
Ubuyobozi bwongeye gukanguria abanyeshuri kugira isuku, kuko isuku nke iri mu bitera indwara zituma abana bagwingira.
Iki gikorwa cy’ubukangurambaga cyatangiye taliki ya 07 Ukuboza gisoze taliki ya 14 Ukoboza 2021.


text:
New Melody yashyize hanze indirimbo nshya "Ndakwiringiye" ihumuriza abari mu bibazo
Yanditswe na:
Ubwanditsi
2021-08-02 01:52:39
Itsinda ryo kuramya no guhimbaza Imana, New Melody, ryashyize hanze indirimbo ryise "Ndakwiringiye", ikubiyemo ubutumwa buhumuriza abantu bari mu bihe bikomeye.
Iyi ndirimbo yagiye hanze kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki ya 31 Nyakanga 2021, yumvikanamo umuntu ufite ibibazo byamurenze ariko agasenga yizeye ko gutabarwa kwe kuri ku Mana.
New Melody yasohoye "Ndakwiringiye" mu gihe Isi n’u Rwanda bimaze igihe bihanganye n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, aho usanga buri muntu wese yibaza igihe kizarangirira. Kubera ibibazo kimaze guteza Isi usanga benshi baramaze kwiheba.
Mu kiganiro na IGIHE.COM dukesha iyi nkuru, Umuyobozi wa New Melody, Neema Marie Jeanne, yavuze ko iyi ndirimbo bayihimbye bagira ngo bibutse abantu ko ibihe byose baba barimo iyo biringiye Imana babasha kubivamo neza.
Yagize ati “Ni indirimbo ikubiyemo isengesho risenganywe kwizera, tugendereye kubwira utwumva wese ko igihe cyose waba uhagazemo niba wiringiye Uwiteka ntuzakorwa n’isoni. Zaburi 125.”
Yakomeje ati “Byaba ibi bihe turimo bigoye, inzara n’izindi ngorane zigose ubuzima bwawe, Uwizera wese arahirwa kuko ibyo yabwiwe n’Umwami Imana bizasohora. Luka 1:45”
New Melody yashinzwe muri Mata 2012, ihuriyemo abaririmbyi biganjemo ababarizwa muri Korali n’abaririmba ku giti cyabo baturuka mu madini atandukanye ya gikirisito.
Iri tsinda ryo kuramya no guhimbaza Imana rimaze gusohora indirimbo zirenga 40. Ryamenyekanye cyane mu ndirimbo zirimo "Nimuze Dushime", "Ibyo wakoze", "Igihe nagutegereje", "Akira ihumure" n’izindi.
VIDEO
Source: Igihe.com
[email protected]


text:
1.Umwanya munini wo kumisha : ufite ubunini bwuzuye bwa 197.2 x62.9 x91cm (W x H x D), iki cyuma cyumye kigera ku burebure bwa 20m, cyiza cyo kuzuza imashini imesa hafi 2;ku mababa abiri yumye urashobora kumisha imyenda, ibitanda cyangwa imyenda;max.
2.Ubushobozi bwo gutwara neza capacity Ubushobozi bwo gupakira imyenda yimyenda ni 15 kg, Imiterere yiyi rake yumye irakomeye, ntukeneye rero guhangayikishwa no kunyeganyega cyangwa kugwa niba imyenda iremereye cyangwa iremereye.Irashobora kwihanganira imyenda yumuryango.
3.Ibaba ryibiri ryibiri : Mugihe udakeneye kumisha imyenda myinshi, urashobora kubika umwanya. gukora hasi.
4.Bikwiriye kumyenda yumye: Imyenda irashobora gukama neza kumurongo wumye kugirango wirinde guhindura imyenda , kandi irashobora kwemeza ko imyenda yawe yumye rwose, Ideal yo kumisha ingofero, igitambaro, nibindi.
5.Ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge : Ibikoresho: ni PA66 + PP + ibyuma byifu, bikozwe mubyuma bitagira ingese, ibyuma byimyenda biramba kandi birinda ikirere, nibyiza kubikoresha hanze no murugo;inyongera ya plastike kumaguru nayo isezeranya guhagarara neza.
6.Koresheje clips zamasogisi hamwe nuwifata inkweto: Cyane cyane mugushushanya amasogisi yumye ninkweto, birashobora kandi kumisha amasogisi ninkweto mugihe wumye imyenda udafashe umwanya munini.
7.Byoroshye gukoresha, nta nteko isabwa: iyi myenda yimyenda irashobora gushyirwaho vuba ukurikije ibyo ukeneye kandi igahinduka byoroshye mugihe idakoreshejwe.
Urashobora gukoreshwa mumesero yo murugo, icyumba cyo gukaraba, icyumba cyo kuraramo, cyangwa balkoni yo hanze, urugo, nibindi, bikwiriye kumisha ingofero, amajipo, ipantaro, igitambaro, amasogisi ninkweto, nibindi.
Hanze / Gupfundikanya Imbere Imyenda Yumye
Kubyiza-byohejuru-Byiza kandi Byuzuye Igishushanyo
Garanti yumwaka umwe wo guha abakiriya serivisi yuzuye kandi itekereje
Imyenda myinshi yo kumesa imyenda, hamwe nubwiza buhanitse kandi bwingirakamaro
Ibiranga Ubwambere: Imikorere myinshi kandi Yagutse, Kubika Umwanya Kuriwe
Ikintu cya kabiri kiranga: Kwishyiriraho Inkweto Ufite Customer Yakozwe Kubwinkweto zawe
Icya gatatu kiranga: Gukwirakwiza neza kugirango ukomeze guhumeka, imyenda yumye byihuse
Icya kane kiranga: Ibisobanuro bidasanzwe Byashushanyijeho Kuma Imyenda Nto


text:
YEREMIYA 13.1-11
1.Uku ni ko Uwiteka yambwiye ati “Genda wigurire umushumi w’igitare uwukenyeze, ntuwukoze mu mazi.”
2.Ni ko kugura umushumi nk’uko Uwiteka yavuze, maze ndawukenyeza.
3.Ijambo ry’Uwiteka rinzaho ubwa kabiri riti
4.“Enda uwo mushumi waguze uwo ukenyeje uhaguruke ujye ku ruzi Ufurate, uwuhishe mu kobo ko mu rutare.”
5.Nuko ndagenda nywuhisha kuri Ufurate, nk’uko Uwiteka yantegetse.
6.Hahise iminsi myinshi Uwiteka arambwira ati “Haguruka ujye ku ruzi Ufurate, uhakure wa mushumi nagutegetse kuhahisha.”
7.Nuko njya kuri Ufurate, ndacukura nkura uwo mushumi aho nari nawuhishe, ndebye nsanga umushumi warononekaye ari nta cyo ukimaze.
8.Maze ijambo ry’Uwiteka rinzaho riti
9.“Uwiteka avuze atya ati ‘Uko ni ko nzangiza ubwibone bwa Yuda, n’ubwibone bwo kwishongora bw’i Yerusalemu.
10.Ubu bwoko bubi banga kumvira amagambo yanjye bakayobywa n’imitima yabo inangiye, bikurikirira izindi mana bakazikorera kandi bakazisenga, bazamera nk’uwo mushumi utakigira icyo umara.
11.Erega nk’uko umushumi ufata mu rukenyerero rw’umuntu, ni ko nikomejeho inzu ya Isirayeli yose n’inzu ya Yuda yose, ni ko Uwiteka avuga, kugira ngo bambere ubwoko n’izina, n’ishimwe n’icyubahiro, ariko ntibarakabyumva.’ ”
Iri jambo riratwereka ibimenyetso bibiri bifatiye ku mushumi, ibyo Imana yeretse Yeremiya kugira ngo abonereho ajye kwigisha ubwoko bwa Isirayeli, kuko bari baramaze kwiyegurira ibigirwamana:
Yategetse Yeremiya kujya kugura umushumi w’igitare, maze akawukenyeza awikomejeho;
Hayuma imutegeka kuwikuraho akawujyana ku ruzi Ufurate akawuhisha mu kobo ko mu rutare.
Haciye iminsi irongera imutegeka gusubira ku ruzi kuwuzana ngo arebe uko wabaye, maze asanga warangiritse cyane kandi usa nabi:
Imana imutegeka kugenda awuzengurukana, abwira Abisirayeli n’Abayuda ko na bo mbere batariyanduza bari bameze nk’uriya mushumi,
Kuko Uwiteka yari yarabiziritseho, bariho neza, basa neza, ariko nyuma bakamuvaho maze bikabagiraho ingaruka mbi;
Kandi rero no mu buzima busanzwe ni ko bimera, kuko iyo umuntu yiziritseho umushumi akawikomezaho ntubasha gutakara.
Uyu munsi rero nawe wibuke ko Uwiteka yakwiziritseho kuko wahindutse ubwoko bwe, ni yo mpamvu utagomba gusubira inyuma ngo urangazwe n’ibyo muri iyi si,
Ahubwo ukwiye gukomeza inzira y’agakiza watangiye, uharanira iteka gusingira icyo Kristo yagufatiye (Abafilipi 3.12),ba maso, kuko hari igihe umuntu ajya agaragara ari muzima inyuma, atunze, atunganiwe; nyamara umuntu we w’imbere yenda gupfa, asigaye agenda uko yishakiye mu murimo, nta busabane akigirana n’Imana, atagisoma ijambo ryayo (Ibyahishuwe3.1)
Ukwiye rero guharanira kwirinda muri byose, aho wateshutse ugasaba Imana imbabazi, kuko uko ibumba rimeze mu ntoki z’umubumbyi, ari ko nawe umeze mu ntoki z’Uwiteka (Yeremiya 18.6)
Igihe cyose ujye uhora urangwa no kwiyoroshya, guca bugufi, no gukiranuka, kuko nta wukomeye imbere y’Imana, ahubwo Imana ni yo ikomeye muri byose (Abaheburayo 4.14)
Mwakire neza ijambo ry’Imana
[email protected]


text:
Bien Venue au Journal Minembwe. Welcome to Minembwe Free Press. Minembwe Free Press est un journal au service de la communauté Banyamulenge en particulier et toute la communauté globale des internautes. Ce Journal en ligne est un espace d'expression, d'information, d'échange d'idées autour des enjeux actuels au sujet de notre peuple et notre territoire de Minembwe. Ce journal se veut interactif. Je vous invite tous a` faire vos contributions. A M. Fondateur et editeur en Chef
Wednesday, May 30, 2007
ABAHERUTSE KUZA KWICYA ZONE, BOBAVUGWA BATE NABO BAKORERA?
Ndumva ntacyo twakwongeraho, usibye kubarangira article ya Okapi ibereka ko wenda abobibgira kwaribo bavukana babababazukundi.
Dore uko abo ba partenaires babo babavuzeho muri make ibyo biri muri (Le Phare 23/05/2007) Uwampa tukiga isomo yibyo dukora, tukareka gukomeza kuba icyiro ryimigani.
Abakongomani bati: "Incroyable mais vrai ! Des citoyens rwandais occupent des fonctions politiques et administratives dans certaines institutions de la République. Qui l'eût cru, un citoyen rwandais figure parmi les ministres du gouvernement provincial du Sud Kivu et pas à n'importe quel poste. M. Onesphore KAMANZI Kibibi est le ministre de l'agriculture pour le compte du PPRD. Pourtant, cet homme a exercé les fonctions de président du Tribunal de Canton de Nyabisindu dans la préfecture rwandaise de Nyanza au Rwanda de puis 1996 jusqu'en 2003 pour rejoindre la direction politique d'un mouvement de résistance contre les troupes rwandaises dirigé par un officier général dont le nom a traversé les mers et océans pour ses hauts faits de guerre".
Barakomeza bati:
"Un autre sujet rwandais s'appelle NGOMIRAKIZA Sébastien qui a exercé les fonctions de directeur à la primature rwandaise suivant l'arrêté du premier ministre N° 04/02 signé le 7 mars 1996, deux ans après l'avènement du FPR au pouvoir. Depuis 2004, cet homme s'est retrouvé à la tête de l'Ong Central Africa Vision qui travaille au Rwanda et au Burundi et pour le compte de laquelle il a effectué récemment une mission aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique en utilisant le passeport rwandais. Il va se retrouver comme suppléant de M. Rugabisha Sengiyunva Zachée candidat député national pour la circonscription de Fizi. Ce dernier est aussi concerné car il est lui-même sujet rwandais."
Un sujet rwandais ministre dans le gouvernement provincial du Sud Kivu !(Le Phare 23/05/2007)
Muzemureka turye bike turyame kare, naho ubugome ntawe bgubakiye.
GUSANA AMASHULE MU MINEMBWE: TWIZERE NONEHO KWATARAMAGAMBO GUSA.
Frères, maze gusoma article ya Radio Okapi sur comment va l'éducation chez nous à Minembwe (Haut plateau) ndababara cyane. Ngo "« Il y a des enseignants qui n’ont pas pu terminé l’école primaire qui sont en train d’enseigner…!". Je lance le cri d'alarme ngo tugire icyo dukora kuzamura éducation muri gakondo yacu dukunda. Mureke dukore une caise que l'on peut appeler "éducation Minembwe" dusabe membre wese où qu'il est ufite revenu iyariyoyose gutanga au moins 10 dollars chaque mois, après une années dushobora kwubaka amashure meza hariya, dushobora guhemba neza abarimu beza, nibindi nibindi. Kubigeraho biroroshe cyane, twafungura konti kuri une des banques rwandaises (la BK par ex.) abari haze y’Urwanda (Europe, Amérique, Canada, n’ahandi en Afrique, n’ahandi hose) bashobora kuza ba verser kuriyo konti à travers les banques étrangères correspondantes de la BK par exemples. Avec ma riche expérience bancaire, je suis disponible à faciliter l’ouverture de ce compte et vous rassure que la faisabilité de ces transactions est sans risque aucun. Reka mpasabe, kubwishaka, diffuser largement ce message à un grand nombre de membres, mubikore munazirikana ibyavuzwe n’Umwami wacu Yesu ngo « Gutanga bizana imigisha kurura guhabwa : il y a plus des bénédictions à donner qu’à recevoir (Actes 20 :35) » C’est plus que urgent.
Par Pastor Tito GASAZA
DORE UKO UNDI YASHUBIJE
Frere Gasaza,
Nagira ngo mbashimire kugitekerezo cyanyu cyiza nabasaba ko mubishatse mwa ntelephoner kuri izi No:08493637 maze tukaganira kuri iki kibazo giteye impungenge nkakubgira njye aho ngeze tukarebera hamwe icyo twakora kuko ubu tugeze mugihe cyo gu transformer nos parole par des actions.
Gusa icyo nakumenyesha nuko you can realise and achieve bigger things with very little means if you only have big will. Donc en un mot si vous avez la bonne volonté la determination de travailler pour le bien de la communauté tu peux sans doute realiser beaucoup et beacoup plus avec un rien du tout.
Par example wakwemera ko uyu munsi (lundi ) wa none harumwana uvuye muraya mashuri yaruguru nubgo tuyagaya ugiye UK, US et puis Australie kukibazo cyabagenzi be?
Ibibazo byugarije communauté ni byinshi ntabgo ari education gusa ahubgo mbere yuko uba eduquer nukwo ubanza kuvuka, ukabaho, urya neza , uri munzu ukanywa amazi meza avuye hafi, maze uburenganzira bugakomereza aho.
Ibibazo dufite ntitwobishaganya ubu kuko birenze kwemera yaba byashoboka ga ngo tuzadufata kimwe tugitange ho ibitekerezo tugifatire imyanzuro maze tugikorere suivie comme ça nyuma tukazi evaluer tukareba iyo tuvuye aho tugeze niyo tujya. Ataribyo uru rubuga ruzafatwa nkutundi dutorero twose nukuvuga ko yamagambo avugirwa mundagarago iwacu asigara aho yavugiwe.
Inama narangiriza ho turakuze, tumaze kubona twagagombye kwibaza icyo tuzasigira barumuna bacu aribo ejo hacu tukabigisha ko kugendana nibihe ataruguta umuco kandi ko kujijuka atarugusubira mubyaha.
Njye sinarinzi ko mubana bacu babakobga harabanywa itabi bagakora nibindi bisa nibyo.
Reka mpinire kumagambo ya Martin Luther King we ati kubona i kibi ntucyamagane uba ugishigikiye.
Merci
Jerome
Umva icyo undi yabivuzeho:
Nyuma yinkuru ya OKAPI, numvise abantu benshi baratangaye kumva ko abarimu bari i Mulenge batarangije elementary schools. Mubyukuri, njye nibwiye ko abenshi twari twarahugiye mubyacu, kuko niba hari uwumvaga ko abana bacu nabarumuna bacu basigaye i Mulenge barimo kwiga neza, byari ukwibeshya.
Dore uko byagenze: Uburezi bw'i Mulenge bwatangiye kwangirika kuva mukwa Karindwi 1994, ubwo vague yo kuja mu Rwanda iteye, byabaye ibintu bitandukanye nigihe abanyabwenge bacu bajaga i Burundi gushaka akazi, kuko icyo gihe hagendaga bake, abandi barangije za L'shi nahandi bagataha bakaza kwigisha barumuna babo. Ndibuka neza ko hari igihe twigeze kuza twishura un licencie ibimasa hagati ya 4 na 5 kumwaka, kandi twarize neza ndetse naza diplomes ziraboneka.
Nyuma yo kuja mu Rwanda hamwe nintambara zatunyuzemo uburezi ni kimwe mubyapfuye kandi ubu bisaba abagabo b'umutima ukunda ubwoko kugira ngo hagire icyakorwa, yemwe biteye ubwoba njye mperuka muri Gakondo en 1998, hari benshi baherukayo mbere yico gihe, ariko igihe nagezeyo numvise ngize ubwoba ubwo nasangaga abana bize muri iyo system, bagatsindwa na examen d'etat, aribo noneho bihereranye barumuna babo.
Nyuma yiyo phenomene, habayeho igikorwa cyuko abana baja mu Rwanda nabo, uwari ufite uwo bavukana wese ushobora kumufasha yarambutse, maze babana ba " ntaho nikora" barahagwa, abenshi muri abo nabasizwe nazantwari zarwaniriye igihugu, abandi nabatari bafite ubushobozi cangwe ababo ba hagufi babatabara.
OKAPI nta gishya yigeze izana, ahubwo yavuze ibyo twe tutatekerezaga, cangwe twatekerezaga ntitugire icyo dukoraho, cangwe twatinyaga kuvuga cangwe kumva.
RERO, njye nsanga uburezi ataricyo kibazo cyihutirwa umunyamulenge afite i mulenge uyu munsi, icyo kiri mubibazo ibihumbi bitwugarije, nkaba njye numva approche yo gukemura ikibazo twakoresha ari uko buri kintu cyaza gikorwa nabantu runaka nakwita les experts muri domaine runaka, EX: Dufite abanyabwenge bangana iki muri education?? Abo nibakore forum, bige imishinga bashake aho amafaranga yo kubaka amashuri no kuriha abarimu beza azava, ndetse naho abo barimu bazava. Aba DR dufite, nibafate ikibazo cya SIDA, malaria na system de sante publique yose barebe uko yakorwa, aba economistes nibatekereze kubukungu bwiwacu, mugihe aba agronomes badushakira uko ubuhinzi bwiwacu bwahinduka bukagirira akamaro abaturage,nos ingenieurs nibige des projets zimihanda( pas seuelement umuhanda FIZI_minembwe) kuko uyu ugomba kuzagera nahantu hose.
Abanyamadini, nos Pasteurs nibahaguruke bahuze abantu bacitsemo ndetse banasabire igihugu.
Kuki mvuze ibyo, nuko interet buri wese agira muri domaine ye, itandukana kure niyundi utari muri meme domaine, regardless of who is going to be beneficiary. Ikindi mbivugiye nuko nasubije amaso inyuma nsanga a chaque situation, twese dushaka kugira icyo dukora kandi ntitunagire icyo dukora at all. Haza politike, umunyamulenge wese akaba abaye politicien, ikibazo cyamatorero cyaza, nabataza basenga bakaba involved ku buryo abakagombye kubona umuti wikibazo bavangirwa, at the end of the day, ikibazo kikabura responsable, buri wese akumva ko bireba abandi.
Sinanze uwo musanzu utekerezwa, ariko se nyuma yo gutanga ayo mafaranga hazakorwa iki? kizakorerwa he? kizakorwa nande?Ninde uzakibazwa? ninde uzaba accountable imbere yabatanze iyo misanzu, des interrogations ni nyinshi kandi as long as tutaraba decentraliser ngo tuje tureka umuntu akore icyo yumva afitiye ubushobozi tuzahera kuri mwaretse tugakora.
Voila ma modeste contribution, kuri approach yakoreshwa mugutabara iwacu.
Mugire amahoro y'Imana
Justin Rukozangabo
US
Umvuko nawe yashubijwe:
Frère Justin,
Je vous remercie de votre intervention. Dans un contexte de changement, une bonne idée n'a pas de prix. En ce sens, ta capacité à réagir de manière créative est un véritable atout pour ce forum. Il me semble que nous ne savons pas allez plus loin jusqu’à savoir choisir entre ce qui est faisable ou pas. Comment peut-on commencer à créer les forums selon les domaines d’études avant de pouvoir penser à relever l’éducation précaire de nos petits.
Abordons d’abord le renforcement de l’éducation mais pas directement la difficile affaire d’organisation de notre communauté, comme ce que vous me décrivez. Je pense qu’à présent, il est presque impossible de trouver une personne bien indiquée pour organiser notre communauté.
Dans ma lettre précédente je me suis limité à des méthodes et techniques efficaces pour parvenir à la promotion de l’éducation chez nous à Minembwe, notamment la création d’une caisse éducation.
Que voulons-nous au juste ? On ne sait pas par quoi commencer, je pense que nous courrons le risque de pouvoir se fatiguer avant qu’on ne commence à travailler. Q’est ce que ça demande de payer 5 ou 10£ par moi. L’organisation, ça ne s’apprend pas à l’école ; c’est comme ça que ça commence. On ne peut pas tout aborder à la fois, quelles sont nos priorités ? S’organiser, c’est facile lorsqu’on s’accorde, s’entend, s’harmonise et se concerte autour d’un même but, l’éducation par ex. Il est vraiment nécessaire de mettre en œuvre des solutions organisationnelles ; cela demande pour chacun de nous un changement d’habitudes (mentalités). Ce n'est pas facile, mon frère, de changer nos habitudes, même si on en a très envie. Nous savons tous combien avons perdus beaucoup de temps entrain de tenter en vain d’installer une structure organisationnelle de notre communauté. Je pense qu’il est temps de changer le temps perdu en temps utile.
Nous devons prendre conscience de notre degré de désorganisation pour s'améliorer. Quand nous repoussons certaines actions à plus tard, c’est de l’ingratitude vis-à-vis de notre Gakondo. Cette tendance à reporter nos actions finit par nous compliquer la vie et les conséquences de la désorganisation sont la perte de temps et le regret des occasions ratées.
Frère, je ne trouve aucune excuse ou prétexte à la création d’une caisse « éducation Minembwe ». Je sais qu’avec une caisse bien organisée, notre objectif de relèvement de l’éducation à Minembwe sera sans doute atteint, quelles que soient les circonstances et les contraintes. Ailleurs au Congo les parents prennent en charge les écoles en attendant la prise de ces responsabilités par le Gouvernement congolais. La solution pour le développement de notre milieu natal résulte des nos actions collectives.
Nous avons besoin de comprendre le comportement des uns et des autres pour piloter nos actions qui seront financées par notre caisse. Mais, bien souvent nos interprétations semblent erronées et nos actions inefficaces, comme si le fonctionnement de la caisse échappera à la transparence des uns. Je pense que nous serons à mesure d’utiliser nos moyens financiers selon notre objectif (éducation Minembwe) et de contrôler les mouvements sur nos comptes en permanence par des mécanismes de la gestion moderne (les pièces justificatives des opérations sur comptes). Au démarrage de la caisse, une équipe chargée de gestion (un comité ad hoc) sera constituée pour pouvoir assurer le suivi régulier des opérations de manière transparente et à la satisfaction de nous tous.
Je vous invite à lire la réaction de notre frère Emmanuel MUHOZA à mon idée de création d’une caisse éducation. Je lui félicite de sa proposition de création d’un comité pour la gestion de cette salutaire caisse. Nizere ko utubazo tumwe na tumwe wibaza twabonye ibisubizo. Restons optimistes. Muritwe turacarimo abantu bo kwizerwa.
Nous voulons fonder l’éducation que nous souhaitons dans notre Gakondo Minembwe.
Merci de croire et que Dieu vous bénisse.
GASAZA Tito
Justin Arongera ati:
Frere Tite, merci pour votre email qui, bien entendu, a repondu a certaines de mes questions. Cependant, il serait mieux de planifier toutes nos actions avant meme de conscientiser les gens a cotiser. Pour etre bcp plus clair, je souhaiterai que le comite ad hoc soit mis en place, afin d'etudier en profondeur ikizakorwa nigihe kizakorwa.
Ibikorwa bidafite plan d'action hari igihe usanga abantu babiryamisha ndetse bikaba byaba repousser plus loin. Nubwo tugiye gukora nkumuryango, il faut un plan, tukavuga ngo mu mwaka turizera ko twaba ( projection) dufite amafaranga anagana gutya, ayo mafaranga ashobora azubaka ishuri nakwita ecole pilote. Kandi niba abantu twese twumva ampleur yikibazo cyo kimwe, tureke kuvuga ngo umuntu atange 5$ ku kwezi, cas meme soyons realistes et pragmatiques, tuvuze ngo abantu bifunge imikaba dutange dukurikije categories zabantu, bamwe batange kuva kuri 100$, bandi 50$, 20$ ainsi de suite, ariko icyo gikorwa kikaba cotisation speciale kandi yihuta, kugira ngo dutangire chantier.
Ikindi kandi sinemezanya nawe ko tutakora andi ma forums selon les differents domaines, ibi mbivugiye ko dufite ibibazo byinshi, kandi bimwe tutabikemuriye rimwe nicya education, wasanga biyidindije. EX: Mbere yuko uzaha ababyeyi bacu ishuri, il faudra ko babanza bonyine bakaviga rumwe, bakamenya uko bazafata neza ibyo bahawe, ndetse bakanakangurirwa gushira abana mu mashuri no gufasha mukwishura abarimu, ariko muri situation barimo ubu ubahaye ishuri utabanje ngo ubahuze babitemaguraniramo ugasanga effort yacu yabaye ubusa.Je n'exclus pas caisse non, ndayishigikiye 100% kandi umunsi mwafunguje compte uzayimpe nzatanga umusanzu wanje le meme jour. Ariko twoye kwi limiter mu bitekerezo, dream big, kuko ntacyatubuza kubigeraho turamutse twese, as one, duhagutse.
Uku, hari abantu wobaza ngo akubwire kubyo atekereza kuri education yiwacu akabibura, atari uko yanze iwabo,ariko ariuko nta idee abifitemo, alors que yogira incredible in put muyindi domaine. J'ai un exemple yumwana wo muri Nord Kivu ( un ingenieur) duherutse kuganira anyereka plans zimihanda yakoze za high ways(auto routes) zizakorwa i Masisi. C'est peut-etre bizarre, kumva ibyo ariko nababiezeho babyawe nkuko twavutse, kandi iminsi turimo ni passage oblige ua societes zose ziriho nizabayeho kwisi.
Kuki twi limiter? kuki ?? kuki tutamenya imbaraga zacu?? uku turimo abanyabwenge bakomeye, turimo ibitangaza, seulement tubuze cadre clair na organisation iha buri wese inshingano.
Voila, sinshaka ko icyo gitekerezo gihagarara, kuko c;est une idee geniale, uwakizanye Imana imuhe imigisha, ariko reka dukomeze abandi niba creer, nibazane de nouvelles initiatives...
Justin


text:
Ibyishimo ni byose ku muryango wa Ndabarinze Kabera wari watemewe inka, nyuma y’aho aborozi b’i Rwamagana bamushumbushije inka zirindwi.
Mu ijoro rishyira ku wa 24 Werurwe 2019, ni bwo Ndabarinze Kabera yageze mu rwuri rwe maze asanga inka ze 12 zatemwe.
Aborozi bo Mukarere ka Rwamagana, bashumbushije Umuryango wa Ndabarinze Kabera bamushyikiriza inka esheshatu n’imbyeyi yonsa ndetse inahaka.
Bugabo Abdul-Kareem ukuriye aba borozi aragira ati “ igitekerezo cyazo nyuma yo kubona amakuru acicikana ku mbuga ahantu hose, asa n’amakuru y’agashinyaguro, nk’umuntu wacitse ku icumu hanyuma akicirwa inka ze zigeze kuri 11 zitemaguwe, byadukoze ahantu hakomeye cyane.”
Ndabarinze Kabera n’Umufasha we bashimiye aborozi bo mu karere ka Rwamagana bavuga ko batumye bongera kunywa amata.
Ati “ nari nziko ntazongera kuyanywa(amata), nari nziko bitazongera no kubaho kugira ngo nongera kujya munsi y’inka nyikame, kubera ko izo nakamaga bari bazishe ariko ubu ndakomeye ndikumva n’abana batari burware bwaki.”
Umugore we witwa Uwineza Zipora we yagize ati “numvaga ko Leta ari umubyeyi simbihe agaciro ariko uyu munsi nibwo mbonye ko Leta ari umubyeyi kuko yanyibutse inibuka ko n’abana banjye bagomba kunywa amata, rwose munshimirire abo bantu bumvishije ko ngomba kongera kunywa amata.”
Bwana Simpenzwe Pascal, Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Nyabihu wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage, yashimiye aborozi bo mu karere ka Rwamagana kuba bagize igiterezo cyiza cyo gushyumbusha umuryango wa Ndabarinze KABERA.
Ati “nk’akarere hari icyo twagerageje gukora ariko ikidukoze ku mutima cyane ni ukubona akarere kava mu Ntara y’Uburasirazuba kakaza mu Ntara y’Uburengerazuba, kazanywe n’igikorwa cy’urukundo. Mu byukuri nk’ubuyobozi byadushimishije, byatunyuze, ni umuco mwiza twumva wakagombye kuba uw’Abanyanrwanda bose.”
Abaturanyi ba Ndabarinze wanarokotse Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994 bavuga ko yari atakivuga kubera agahinda yari yaratewe no kwicirwa inka.
Aba borozi bo mu karere ka Rwamagana bavuze ko bakoze iki gikorwa cyo gushyumbusha umuryango Ndabarinze mu rwego rwo kumufata mu mugongo no kumwereka ko bari kumwe.
Izi nka zatanzwe zose zifite amezi mu minsi micye zizaba zibyaye.
Photo: Bwiza
Umuhoza Honore


text:
Amafoto Atandukanye y'Ibituba
Video zo Guswera Zitandukanye
Video zo Kunyaza
Video zo Guswera Igituba Kinini
Video zo Guswerana z'Abagande
Video zo Guswera z'Abahinde
Video za Rugongo nini
Video z'Abakobwa Barimo Kwikinisha
Abagabo benshi bagira ibibazo ndetse n’impungenge nyinshi igihe bumvise uburibwe mu mabya, amabya akaba ari two dusabo dukora intanga ngabo ndetse n’imisemburo nka « Testosterone » ituma umugabo agira ibimuranga bikamutandukanya n’umugore.Iyo umwana w’umuhungu akiri mu nda ya nyina amabya, nk’igice cy’umubiri atangira gukorerwa mu nda ye nyuma akazamanuka akajya mu gahu kayo bita (scrotum).
Nubwo amabya amanuka akava mu nda kugira ngo ajye muri kariya gahu, nyuma yo kuvuka ku mwana ntibibuza ko haba igice cyayo kiyahuza n’ibindi bice byo mu nda, iki akaba ari cyo bita « spermatic cord », gicamo imitsi y’amaraso, « nerves » cyangwa imyakura y’ubwonko ndetse n’imiyoborantanga (Vas deferens).
Iri manuka ry’amabya ava mu nda akajya mu gahu kayo bita scrotum, bifite akamaro gakomeye kuko bituma amabya abasha gukora intanga ngabo ku bushyuhe buri hasi ugereranije n’ubwo mu nda budashobora kuzangiza bityo umuntu akabasha kwibaruka cyangwa kubyara.
Ibintu bitera ububabare bwo mu mabya
Uburibwe bwo mu mabya, buturuka ku mpamvu nyinshi, aho zimwe muri zo ziba zikeneye ubutabazi bwihuse kwa muganga nkuko bitangazwa na « eMedecinehealth » aho bavuga ko mu mpamvu zitera kuribwa mu mabya harimo:
- Impanuka: Impanuka izo ari zo zose zangiza amabya zitera ububare bwinshi cyane mu mabya, izi mpanuka zikaba zishobora gutuma amabya abyimba, ibi bikaba bisaba ubutabazi bwihuse kwa muganga.
- Kwizinga kw’amabya (Torsion testiculaire): Hari abagabo usanga amabya adafashe neza kuri ka gahu, bikaba byatuma amabya yizinga. Uku kwizinga bituma imitsi y’amaraso inyura muri cya gice twavuze haruguru amaraso anyura muri ka gace gahuza amabya n’ibindi bice byo mu nda bita « Spermatic cord » adatembera neza ngo ajye mu mabya, bikaba byatuma ibya ripfa ndetse rikabora byihuse ibi bishobora kuba ku myaka iyo ari yo yose ariko cyane cyane bikaba ku bana bafite hagati y’imyaka 12 na 18.
Indwara nka Epididymitis : Ituruka ku ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, imiteezi nibindi, ikaba ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera uburibwe bwo mu mabya mu bagabo bafite hejuru y’imyaka 18.
Mu bindi bidasanzwe bitera kuribwa mu mabya harimo, cancer y’amabya, indwara z ‘impyiko, hernia, amashamba, n’ibindi.
Ni ryari kuribwa amabya bisaba kujya kwa muganga vuba ?
Umuntu uwo ari we wese, mu gihe icyo aric yo cyose yumvise aribwa mu mabya ni ngombwa kugana kwa muganga vuba byihuse, kugeza igihe muganga amenye aho ububare bwe buri guturuka.
Zimwe mu mpamvu zitera kuribwa amabya ntabwo zishobora kwirindwa, ariko ni ngombwa ko :
- Mu gihe uri gukora sport, cyangwa se ibindi bintu wambara ibintu bikurinda impanuka izo ari zo zose zagera ku mabya,
- Ambara agakingirizo mu gihe ukora imibonano mpuzabitsina wirinda SIDA ndetse no kuribwa amabya bituruka ku ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina,
- Gukingiza umwana virusi itera amashamba na byo byamurinda kurwara indwara nka « Orchitis » zifata amabya ndetse zikaba zatera ubugumba.


text:
Mu gihe mu Rwanda hari iterambere ryihuta mu gutanga serivisi z’imari, abaguzi ba bene izo serivisi n’inzego zishinzwe kubarengera baracyakeneye kurushaho gusobanukirwa n’amategeko arengera abaguzi muri rusange n’arengera abaguzi b’izo serivisi by’umwihariko, kuko haba iyo habayeho akarengane gatewe no kutabimenya.
Ibi birigaragara cyane cyane iyo usomye amasezerano akorwa hagati y’ibigo by’imari bitandukanye n’abakiriya babyo, cyangwa ugakurikirana imanza ziba hagati yabo, aho usanga mu masezerano hagaragaramo ingingo zibangamiye umuguzi (umukiriya) ku buryo bugaragara.
Nyamara, iyo havutse ikibazo bakitabaza inkiko, usanga abacamanza bamwe batababashije kwita ku burenganzira bw’umuguzi bwabangamiwe kuva bagikora amasezerano y’imari (financial agreement), akenshi bitewe no kudasobanukirwa amategeko yihariye arengera abaguzi muri rusange n’abaguzi ba serivisi z’imari (consumers of financial products&services) by’umwihariko.
Ariko se ubundi, umuguzi ni nde? By’umwihariko umuguzi wa serivisi z’ibigo by’imari we se ni nde? Kuki umuguzi afite amategeko yihariye amurengera? Ese arengerwa ugereranyije na nde? Ni ibiki by’ingenzi umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari arengerwaho by’umwihariko? Ni izihe ngero z’akarengane umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari akunze guhura na zo mu Rwanda? Ni izihe ngaruka kurengera cyangwa kutarengera umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari bigira ku bukungu bw’igihugu, bw’akarere cyangwa bw’Isi? Ese mu Rwanda inkiko zibyitwaramo gute iyo ziregewe n’umuguzi uvuga ko yarenganijwe n’ikigo cy’imari runaka?
1. Umuguzi ni nde?
Igisobanuro cy’umuguzi mu rwego rw’amategeko gitangwa n’itegeko nº36/2012 ryo kuwa 21 Nzeri 2012 rigenga ihiganwa mu bucuruzi no kurengera abaguzi aho mu ngingo yaryo ya 2, agaka ka 11 risobanura umuguzi nk“umuntu ugura, uhabwa ikintu cyangwa serivisi ukoresha ikintu we ubwe, cyangwa ku nyungu z’umuryango ku mpamvu zitari iz’ubucuruzi”.
Nubwo itegeko ryise umuguzi ugura uhabwa ikintu cyangwa serivisi akoresha we ubwe cyangwa ku nyungu z’umuryango ntibikwiye kumvikana ko igisobanuro kigarukiye aho gusa kuko kinakubiyemo ugura ikintu cyangwa serivisi ikoreshwa n’abandi batari we cyangwa umuryango gusa, apfa kuba gusa aguze icyo kintu cyangwa servisi atagamije impamvu z’ubucuruzi cyangwa se mu yandi magambo apfa kuba akiguze nk’umuguzi wanyuma.
Ibi kandi binasobanuye ko iyo umuntu usanzwe ari umucuruzi aguze ikintu cyangwa serivisi kiri cyangwa kitari mu byo asanzwe acuruza kandi akaba agamije kugikoresha mu buryo twasobanuye haruguru na we aba ari umuguzi, bityo akaba arengerwa n’itegeko
2. Umuguzi wa Serivsi z’imari (consumer of financial products&services) we ni nde?
Birumvikana ko itegeko twavuze haruguru ritari kugenda risobanura buri cyiciro cy’abaguzi ari nayo mpamvu utarisangamo igisobauro cyihariye cy’umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari ariko uhereye ku gisobanuro cy’umuguzi iryo tegeko ritanga uhita wumva ko umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari ari umuntu ugura uhabwa ikintu cyangwa serivisi (product or service) y’imari ngo ag(z)ikoreshe we ubwe cyangwa g(z)ikoreshwe n’undi muntu, atagamije gucuruza icyo kintu/serivisi ku bandi.
Ibyo bintu cyangwa serivisi z’imari (financial products or services) zaba nk’izi zikurikira: kugira konti mu kigo cy’imari, ikarita bakoresha bihereza serivisi zitandukanye (ATM Card), guhabwa/gukoresha impapuro zo kwakiriraho amafaranga (receipt) cyangwa izifite agaciro k’amafaranga (cheques, Payment Order, etc), kubitsa cyangwa kubikuza amafaranga, inguzanyo iyo ari yo yose, ingwate, gushyingura amafaranga, n’ibindi bitandukanye.
Umuntu rero ugura kimwe cyangwa uhabwa serivisi imwe cyangwa byinshi/nyinshi muri ibyo tumaze kuvuga n’ibindi bisa nkabyo mu buryo twasobanuye haruguru aba ari umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari.
3. Kuki umuguzi afite amategeko yihariye amurengera? Ese arengerwa ugereranyije na nde?
Ukurikije umwanya umuguzi aba ahagazemo ugereranyije n’ugurisha (umucuruzi) usanga impamvu nyamukuru ituma umuguzi ashyirirwaho amategeko amurengera ari uko aba atari umunyamwuga w’ibyo agura bityo akaba yarenganira mu kutamenya cyangwa kudasobanukirwa n’ibigize icyo agura cyangwa se uko gikoreshwa bityo akarengerwa kugira ngo uko kudasobanukirwa kutamuteza guhungabanyirizwa uburengazira afite ku cyo yaguze cyangwa mu buryo icyo kintu gikoreshwa.
Nyamara umugurishaho ikintu/serivisi runaka twakwita umucuruzi we aba ari umunyamwuga kuko ari ko kazi ke ka buri munsi. Bityo rero umuguzi arengerwa ugereranyije n’umucuruzaho ibintu cyangwa serivisi (umucuruzi).
Ni muri urwo rwego ingingo ya 279 y’ Igitabo cya Gatatu cy’ Urwunge rw’amategeko y’imbonezamubano (CCLIII) : Ibyerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano igira iti: “Umugurisha agomba gusobanurira mu buryo bwumvikana inshingano ze. Amasezerano yose atumvikana cyangwa adasobanutse, asobanurwa mu buryo bubangamiye umugurisha ».
Naho ingingo ya 33 y’ itegeko Nº36/2012 ryo kuwa 21/09/2012 rigenga ihiganwa mu bucuruzi no kurengera abaguzi igira iti: “Bitarenze igihe cyo gukora amasezerano y’igurisha, ugurisha wabigize umwuga agomba guha umuguzi amakuru y’ukuri kandi akenewe yerekeye imiterere y’igicuruzwa cyangwa ya serivisi ndetse n’ibisabwa mu masezerano hitawe ku buryo umuguzi yagaragaje ko akeneye amakuru kimwe n’icyo yavuze ko azakoresha igicuruzwa cyangwa cyateganywa mu buryo bwumvikana”.
Indi mpamvu umuguzi arengerwa ni ukugira ngo ikintu cyangwa serivisi agura ibe idafite inenge cyane cyane izihishe (vices cachés/hidden defects) zaba izabaye mu gihe bagikoraga (vices de construction) cyangwa se izabayeho nyuma yo kuva mu ruganda (deterioration) nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 42 y’itegeko rirengera umuguzi twavuze haruguru.
Indi mpamvu y’ingenzi ituma umuguzi arengerwa ni ukugira ngo hatazagira umwambura icyo yaguze na we akita icye (garantie contre éviction/warranty against eviction).
Izindi mpamvu twavuga ni nko kugira ngo umuguzi adahendwa, cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa bigirwa n’umuntu umwe (monopolistic market) cyangwa bake, n’ibindi. Uretse ibyo se ni ibiki abaguzi ba serivisi z’imari brengerwaho byihariye kuri bo?
4. Ni ibiki by’ingenzi Umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari arengerwaho by’umwihariko?
Kimwe n’abaguzi b’ibindi bintu cyangwa serivisi, uburenganzira bw’ingenzi bw’umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari ni uguhabwa amakuru no gusobanurirwa bihagije ku bigize icyo agura cyangwa serivisi ahabwa ku buryo abasha kumva ibikigize cyangwa imiterere yacyo (features), kumenya uko gikora (functionning), inyungu azakura mu kugikoresha (benefits) cyangwa se ingaruka (effects) bizamugiraho kubera ko yemeye guhabwa icyo kintu cyangwa serivisi kandi ayo makuru akayahabwa mbere y’uko amaserano yo kugura icyo kintu/serivisi ashyirwaho imikono.
Dufashe urugero rw’umuntu ufata inguzanyo, ni ayahe amakuru agomba guhabwa mbere y’uko abashyira imikono ku masezerano yayo n’ay’ingwate (igihe bayishyizemo)?
Inyandiko y’Umuryango OCDE ugizwe n’ibihugu 34 byiganjemo iby’u Burayi, Amerika, na Aziya yasohowe muri Kamena 2009 ikayita “Culture financière et protection des consommateurs : les oubliés de la crise. RECOMMANDATION SUR LES BONNES PRATIQUES DE SENSIBILISATION ET D’ÉDUCATION AUX QUESTIONS FINANCIÈRES DANS LE DOMAINE DU CRÉDIT”, ku rupapuro rwa 21, yerekanye iby’ingenzi uhabwa inguzanyo akwiye kubanza gusobanurirwa no kumenya ingaruka zabyo mbere yo gusinya amasezerano y’inguzanyo/ingwate bigera kuri 14:
1. Ingano y’umwenda-remezo (le montant du prêt) ;
2. Igihe inguzanyo izishyurwamo n’igihe amasezerano azamara (niba ibyo bihe bitandukanye) (le délai d’amortissement et l’échéance ou la durée du contrat (si elle est différente) ;
3. Ijanisha ry’inyungu nuburyo ryahindagurikamo ubwo ari bwo bwos (le taux d’intérêt et tout éventuel mécanisme de révision du taux) ;
4. Andi mafaranga yakoreshwa mu gihe cyo gutegura inguzanyo n’ibihembo byabaho bijyanye n’inguzanyo (les frais et honoraires éventuels (y compris les frais de courtage) associés au prêt) ;
5. Inshuro zo kwishyuriraho (le nombre d’échéances) ;
6. Umubare w’amafaranga azajya yishyurwa n’amatariki azajya yishyurirwaho (le montant des sommes à payer et les dates de paiement correspondantes) ;
7. Umubare w’amafaranga yose hamwe azishyurwa (le montant total à rembourser);
8. Ikiguzi cyose cy’inguzanyo (ni ukuvuga g ukuyemo a) (le coût total du crédit (à savoir g moins;
9. Ijanisha nyakuri ku mwaka habariwemo n’andi mafaranga asabirwa ubwishyu n’uguriza ku bijyanye n’inguzanyo yishingiwe n’ingwate itimukanwa (le véritable taux d’intérêt annuel, y compris les frais supplémentaires facturés par le prêteur au titre du crédit hypothécaire);
10. Aho inyungu izatangirira kwisyuzwa (le point de départ de la facturation de l’intérêt);
11. Niba hatanzwe igihe cyo kwitegura kwishyura umwenda-remezo, ubwishyu bukabanza gukorwa ku nyungu n’andi mafaranga akoreshwa mu gutegura inguzanyo (l’existence d’un différé d’amortissement, les paiements servant d’abord à couvrir les intérêts et les autres frais) ;
12. Ibisobanuro n’ikiguzi bya serivisi zidategetswe umuguzi yemeye abisabwe n’umuguriza (urugero nko gufata ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima)(la description et le coût des services optionnels que le consommateur a acceptés de la part du prêteur (par exemple, une assurance vie ou invalidité) ;
13. Uburyo bwo kugena ibihano byabaho, mu gihe habayeho kwishyuzwa mbere y’igihe cyangwa gukerererwa kwishyura/kutishyura (les modalités de calcul de la pénalité éventuelle, en cas de remboursement anticipé ou de défaut de paiement) ;
14. Ingaruka ukwiyongera kw’inyungu kwa 1% kugira ku mubare w’amafaranga ku bihe byo kwiyuriraho mu mwaka wa mbere w’amasezerano (ku nguzanyo zifite ingwate itimukanwa n’ijanisha rihindagurika) l’effet sur le montant des échéances d’une augmentation de 1% des intérêts au cours de la première année du contrat (en cas de prêt hypothécaire à taux variable).
Ariko iyo usuzumye mu Rwanda, usanga ibigo bike cyangwa nta bigo na bimwe by’imari bifata umukiriya wabyo ngo bibanze bimusobanurire ibi twavuze haruguru abyumve neza, amenye ingaruka ya buri kimwe kimwe hanyuma abone gushyira umukono ku masezerano. Ugasanga biteje ingaruka zimwe zirimo akarengane ku muguzi cyangwa rimwe na rimwe guhomba kw’ibigo by’imari ku myenda imwe n’imwe biba byatanze.
5. Ni izihe ngero z’akarengane umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari ashobora guhura nako?
Kuba biteganijwe ko umuguzi abanza guhabwa amakuru mbere yo gukora amasezerano yerekeye ikintu/serivisi agura, ntabwo ari ko bikurikizwa n’abacuruzi benshi, bikaba akarusho ariko ku bijyanye na serivisi z’imari.
Urugero twavuga nk’iyo umuntu yegereye banki runaka ashaka kugiramo konti, ni ibigo bicye cyangwa se nta na kimwe gifata umuguzi ngo kibanze kimwigishe imikoreshereze ya konti, niba hari amafaranga azajya acibwa buri gihe runaka cyangwa buri uko agize icyo akora kuri iyo konti. Ibyo bigatera ikibazo ku baguzi cyane cyane nk’iyo babakuyeho amafaranga runaka bajya kubaza ikigo babitsamo bakabwira wenda ngo ni ayo bakuraho buri kwezi (monthly charges), ayo kugura ATM card, ayo kubikuza, ayo gukoresha serivisi mobile/electronic banking, n’ibindi bitandukanye nyamara igihe wafunguzayo konti batarigeze babigusobanurira.
Ibi kandi hari igihe babisobanurira umukiriya, hashira igihe runaka bakazahindura umubare w’ayo bakata batabanje kubimenyesha umuguzi (umukiriya) ngo abyemere cyangwa se ahitemo gusesa amasezerano bafitanye, na byo bikaba ari akarengane.
Akandi karengane ari nako gakomeye ni agakunze kugaragarira mu ngingo ziba zigize amaserano y’inguzanyo cyangwa ay’ingwate ku nguzanyo ibigo by’imari biha abakiriya babyo aho usanga muri bene ayo masezerano harimo ingingo zibangamiye umuguzi (abusive clauses) cyangwa se zigamije kuzamutsindisha (unfair terms/conditions) haramutse habaye urubanza kabone n’ubwo yaba arengana.
Reka dufate ingero z’amasezrano y’inguzanyo/ingwate ibigo by’imari bitandukanye tuza kwita Bank 1, Bank 2, Bank 3,…. (kugira ngo tutabivuga mu mazina) byagiranye n’abakiriya babyo turebemo ingingo zibangamiye umuguzi ziyakubiyemo.
Bank 1
Iyi banki yagiranye amasezerano n’umukiriya wayo arimo ingingo zikurikira:
-“According to regulations in force, this credit will be subject to the following conditions until further notice, having agreed that we have the right, if needed, to modify these conditions without changing this contract”.
Muri make iyi ngingo iha Bank 1 ububasha bwo guhindura ingingo zigenga inguzanyo (zikubiye mu masezerano) ku bwende bwayo bitabaye ngombwa ko ibanza kubyumvikanaho n’umuguzi. Ni ukuvuga ko Bank 1 ishobora guhindura ijanisha (percentage) ry’inyungu, irya commission, iry’ibihano n’ibindi itabanje kubyumvikanaho n’umuguzi (umukiriya).
Indi ngingo muri ayo masezerano yagiraga iti: …in addition, the customer authorizes the bank to publish through the media his names & photos in case of default.
Iyi ngingo iha ububasha Bank 1 bwo gutangaza umuguzi (umukiriya) mu binyamakuru igihe yananiwe kubahiriza amasezerano (y’inguzanyo). Mu by’ukuri iyi ngingo irenganya umuguzi kuko uretse no kuba nta muntu wakwishimira gutangazwa mu binyamakuru kuko atabashije kwishyura, n’iyo usomye itegeko rigenga amasezerano mu Rwanda usanga nta na hamwe rivuga ko uwananiwe kubahiriza/uwishe amasezerano atangazwa mu binyamakuru.
Bank 2
Iyi banki twise Bank 2 yo yagiranye amasezerano y’ingwate n’umukiriya wabo aho umukiriya yatanze umugore we nk’umwishingizi ndetse bakagwatiriza n’inzu batuyemo maze mu masezerano y’ubwishingire (acte de cautionnement) bashyiramo ingingo zitandukanye ariko igaragaramo akarengane cyane ikaba ari iya 1.
Yagiraga iti: “la caution declare se constituer caution solidaire et indivisible avec renonciation à tout benefice de discussion et de division, comme précise à l’article 6 ci-après, et garantir le remboursement integral de tous les engagements que… (izina ry’uhawe inguzanyo tutashatse kuvuga) ci-après dénommé “débiteur principal” a ou pourrait avoir actuellement ou à l’avenir envers la Banque pour quelque cause que ce soit, de quelque chef et à quelque titre que ce puisse être”
Muri make iyi ngingo ivuze ko umwishingizi yishingiye uhawe umwenda kuri iyo nguzanyo ahawe, ku yindi myenda yaba afitiye Bank 2 uyu munsi cyangwa yazayigiramo ku mpamvu izo ari zo zose. Binavuze ko n’ubwo umwenda ugurijwe ahawe wakishyurwa ukarangira, aramutse aje agasaba undi bazawumuha kandi ya masezerano y’ubwishingire akomeze agire agaciro batiriwe bahamagara umwishingizi ngo yongere yemere kuwishingira na wo ndetse hakorwe n’andi masezerano y’ubwishingire na yo ayemere anayashyireho umukono.
Iyi ngingo rero irenganya (unfair/abusive term) umuguzi kuko ivuga ko Umwishingizi yishingiye imyenda azi n’iyo atazi. Ibi kandi ni ko byagenze kuko uwishingiwe yamaze kwishyura umwenda wa mbere asubirayo afata undi atongeye guhamagara umwishingizi ngo yongere yemere kumwishingira, maze birangira atabashije kwishyura umwenda wa kabiri, Bank 2 ishatse gufatira ingwate havuka ibibazo byakemuwe n’inkiko ku buryo tuza kubabwira nitugera mu gice cyerekeye uko inkiko zibyitwaramo.
Bene iyi ngingo kandi uyisanga mu masezerano y’ubwinshingire ibigo by’imari byose cyangwa hafi ya byose bisinyisha abakiriya bayo.
Bank 3
Ikurikira ni ingingo ya 5 y’amasezerano y’ubwishingire Bank 3 yagiranye n’umukiriya wayo n’umwishingizi we:
“La banque est dispense de tenir la caution au courant des engagements du débiteur principal, des délais qui pourraient être acordés à ce dernier, des modifications que la banque et/ou le débiteur principal pourraient apporter aux montants et/ou aux modalités du (des) crédits ouverts ou à ouvrir au débiteur principal ou à son profit et du sort des effets qui lui sont ou lui seraient escomptés…..”
Muri make iyi ngingo isobanuye ko Bank 3 ikuweho ishingano yo kumenyesha umwishingizi amakuru arebana n’ishingano z’uhawe umwenda, igihe zamara, impinduka Bank 3 yonyine cyangwa ifatanyije n’uhawe umwenda bakora ku mubare w’umwenda bahaye cyangwa bazaha uhawe umwenda,….. Iyi ngingo y’amasezerano rero ikaba inyuranye n’ingingo ya 42 y’itegeko rirengera umuguzi.
Mu by’ukuri ikaba ari imwe muri za zindi twise abusive/unfair terms or conditions”, igitangaje ukaba usanga ingingo zimeze nkayo mu masezerano ibigo by’imari byose cyangwa hafi ya byose bigirana n’abakiriya babyo.
6. Ese mu Rwanda inkiko zibyitwaramo gute iyo ziregewe n’umuguzi uvuga ko yarenganijwe n’ikigo cy’imari runaka?
Mu Rwanda biragoye kubona imanza zaciwe kuri iyi ngingo yo kurengera umuguzi bitari uko abaguzi batarengana, ahubwo bitewe n’uko abaguzi benshi bataramenya/batarasobanukirwa n’uburenganzira bagenerwa n’amategeko n’ubwo n’amategeko abarengera n’ayo atarabaho ku buryo buhagije.
Urubanza twabashije kumenya ni urwaye hagati ya Bank 2 n’umukiriya wayo n’umwishingizi we biturutse kuri ya ngingo ibangamye yari ikubiye mu mamasezerano twavuze, Bank 2 yagiranye n’abakiriya bayo bigatuma uwahawe umwenda asubirayo agafata undi nyuma yo kwishyura uwa mbere nyamara atabanje kumenyesha umwishingizi we kubera ko ya ngingo yavugaga ko hishingiwe umwenda utanzwe ako kanya n’indi yazatangwa.
Uhawe umwenda yananiwe kwishyura wa mwenda wa kabiri maze Bank 2 imuregana hamwe n’umwishingizi igamije kubishyuza uwo mwenda no gufatira inzu bari baratanzeho ingwate. Umwishingizi yisobanuraga avuga ko adashobora kuryozwa uwo mwenda wa kabiri kuko uwahawe umwenda na Bank 2 batigeze bawumumenyesha ngo yemere kuwishingira naho Bank 2 yo ikavuga ko mu masezerano basinye batanga umwenda wa mbere harimo ingingo ivuga ko umwishingizi yishingiye uwo mwenda n’indi uhawe inguzanyo afitiye cyangwa yazagirira Bank 2 (…et garantir le remboursement integral de tous les engagements que… (izina ry’uhawe inguzanyo tutashatse kuvuga) ci-après dénommé “débiteur principal” a ou pourrait avoir actuellement ou à l’avenir envers la Banque pour quelque cause que ce soit, de quelque chef et à quelque titre que ce puisse être).
Igitangaje ni uko mu guca urwo rubanza Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwavuze ko uwahawe umwenda (débiteur principal) n’umwishingizi (la Caution) batsinzwe, rukabategeka gufatanya kwishyura Bank 2 ngo kuko ntawahatiye umwishingizie gushyira umukono kuri ariya masezerano nyamara rukirengagiza uburenganzira bw’umuguzi bwo guhabwa amakuru n’ibisobanuro bihagije nk’uko twabisobanuye. Umuntu akibazo ukuntu urukiko rwo ku rwego nka ruriya kandi runihariye ku bibazo by’ubucuruzi rutabashije kumva ikibazo cy’umuguzi wa bene kariya kageni.
Igishimishije ariko na none ni uko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu gukiza ubujurire bwatanzwe n’umwishingizi kuri ruriya rubanza, rwabashije kuvumbura akarengane umwishingizi (umuguzi) yagiriwe na Bank 2 ifatanyije n’uwahawe umwenda, kubera ko umwishingizi atahawe amakuru n’ibisobanuro bigenerwa umuguzi mbere yo gushyira umukono ku masezerano cyane cyane ko uretse no kuba amasezerano y’ubwishingire yari akubiyemo ingingo imurenganya, batigeze bamumenyesha na gato ko umwenda wa kabiri wari ugiye guhabwa/wahawe uwo yishingiye, maze rwanzura ko uwahawe umwenda azishyura umwenda wenyine naho ko umwishingizi atigeze atanga ubwishingizi kuri uwo mwenda wa kabiri.
Ibi rero bituma twibaza akamaro ko kurengera umuguzi, by’umwihariko umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari.
7. Ni izihe ngaruka kurengera cyangwa kutarengera umuguzi wa serivisi z’imari bigira ku bukungu bw’igihugu, ubw’akarere cyangwa ubw’isi?
Muri ya nyandiko Culture financière et protection des consommateurs : les oubliés de la crise, ku mpapuro zayo za 3, 8 yerekana ko imwe mu mizi ikomeye yateye ibibazo by’ubukungu ku Isi byariho igihe yandikwaga (Kamena 2009) ari ukutagira uburyo buhamye bwo kurengera abaguzi ba serivisi z’imari kwatumye abaguzi badasobanukiwe/badafite amakuru ahagije bagwa mu mutego wo gusaba/kwemera inguzanyo zitabakwiriye cyangwa zitari ku rwego rwabo(convenant manifestement pas à sa situation).
Ibi kandi biranumvikana kuko iyo umuntu afashe inguzanyo itagendanye n’uko ameze bishobora gutuma ananirwa kwishyura, bityo niba abafashe bene izo nguzanyo babaye benshi, ibigo by’imari byabagurije bigahomba, ugasanga ikibazo cy’ubukungu (financial crisis) gitangiye gutyo kandi gikwiriye henshi.
Nta gushidikanya ko no mu Rwanda hadashyizweho ingamba zihariye zo kurengera abaguzi ba serivisi z’imari byazagera aho biteza ibihombo bini abaguzi ndetse n’ibigo by’imari, bikaba byanateza ibibazo by’ubukungu (financial crisis).
Ikindi kibazo kutarengera abaguzi ba serivisi z’imari byateza ni igabanuka ry’abakoresha bene izo serivisi cyane abasaba inguzanyo kuko baba batinya ko nibarengana batazabona ubarenganura kandi igabanuka ry’abakoresha serivisi z’imari zituma ubukungu butihuta cyangwa bugabanya umuvuduko.
Ikindi na none ni abahabwa serivisi z’imari batazisobanuriwe neza bigatuma bagwa mu gihombo ntibabashe kwishyura, uretse no kuba ibigo byabagurije bihomba ayo byabahaye, ubutaha bifata ingamba zo kutaguriza abantu cyangwa kugorana mu gutanga inguzanyo, bityo na none umuvuduko w’ubukungu ukagabanuka.


text:
Tuzirikane ku ijambo ry’Imana ryo kuri uyu wa 5 w’icyumweru cya v cy’Igisibo umwaka A (ku wa 7 Mata 2017)
Amasomo: Yr 20, 10-13, Z 17, 2-3a.3bc.4.5.6.7, Yh 10, 31-42
Bakristu na mwe mwese bantu b’umutima mwiza! Urugendo rugana ibirori bya Pasika ruragenda rugera ku musozo kandi n’Ijambo ry’Imana rigakomeza kubidufashamo ruduhishirurira ko nta wakwihandagaza ngo aririmbe Alleluya indirimbo y’umutsindo, yasimbutse uwa Gatanu Mutagatifu; ibyishimo bigira ingufu iyo bivuye mu mahina.
Liturujiya y’Ijambo ry’Imana uyu munsi iraduhishurira iryo banga kandi iradufasha no kwifatanya twese mu kwibuka bene wacu (ababyeyi, abavandimwe, inshuti, abaturanyi, abagiraneza n’abamenyi bose) batikiriye mu mahano atagira imivugire ya jenosidi yakorewe abatutsi bo mu Rwanda: nongeye kubatura Nyagasani ngo abakire kandi abereke uruhanga rwe rubengerana ikuzo ritagatifu nsabye kandi Nyagasani ngo ababarire n’ibihekuye bica abavandimwe babo basangiye igihugu, umuco, ururimi n’ubwenegihugu. Reka duharanire kwiringira Imana, n’ibikorwa biganisha ku mukiro twirinda icyadutera kwiyanga no kwanga abandi.
Kwiringira Imana mu magorwa no mu bitotezo.
Umuhanuzi Yeremiya mu butumwa yahuye n’ingorane zikomeye: mu gihe yahamagariraga imbaga y’Imana guhinduka, abereka ububi bw’ibyo bakorera Imana, bo bakomezaga kwica amatwi, ahubwo bagashyashyana bashaka uburyo bamwikiza kuko yari ababangamiye. Nguko uko bigendekera umuntu wokamye kandi wazindariye mu kibi: bamwereka icyiza, akumva ko bari kumukura amata mu kanwa, bakamuha amata, akaruka umuravumba, bakamuhata urukundo agasubiza urwango, bakamuhata ubugwaneza, we agahitamo kuba gica, bakamwingingira ubumwe, we agaharanira kuba ka kamasa gaca inka kandi karazivutsemo! Bakamwereka amakosa ye, we akayahirikira ku bandi kuko yanga kwireba mu ndererwamo y’ukuri. Nyamara umuntu nk’uwo ibyo yakora byose kuri wa wundi wunze ubumwe n’Uhoraho nka Yeremiya ntacyo bishobora kumukoraho, kuko Uhoraho Imana ari ku ruhande rwe (Yeremiya).
Bantu b’Imana mwese, reka mbibutse ko “imigambi n’ubugome bya rubanda, iterabwoba impande zose” bidashobora guhindura umurongo w’uwiyemeje gukorera Imana kuko Uhoraho aba ari kumwe na we “ak’intwari idahangarwa”. Yeremiya ntiyigeze yiheba burundu ngo areke ubutumwa, yibwira ko Uhoraho yamukuyeho amaboko, yakomeje ubutumwa bwe kugera ku ndunduro. Yeremiya yari akwiye kubera urugero buri wese ufite inshingano zo kurengera abandi. Kuki abantu barengana uhari urebera? Zamura ijwi wiyegamije kuri Uhoraho Imana yawe, maze wamagane akarengane, wamagane ubwikanyize, ubwironde, wamagane urwango, wigishe urukundo kuko Imana ari urukundo.
Ibikorwa birivugira ubwabyo.
Urwo rukundo ni rwo rwagejeje Yezu ku musaraba agirira inyoko muntu. Ntako atagize ngo anezeze muntu. Nyamara bamwe banze kumwakira no kumwemera. Urugero liturujiya y’Ijambo ry’Imana itanga uyu munsi ni Abafarizayi n’Abigishamategeko: yaberetse ibikorwa byinshi bituruka kuri Se, yagize neza aho anyuze hose, yakijije abarwayi benshi, yaberetse ko aturuka ku Mana, yaberetse ko ari intumwa y’Imana akaba n’umwana w’Imana; nyamara ntibemera ahubwo ngo agomba kwicwa kuko kuba Umwana w’Imana bingana kuri bo no gutuka Imana, nyamara birengagizaga ibyo bazi! Yezu Kristu na We azi neza ikiri mu mitima yabo ni yo mpamvu akomeza kubahamiriza ko yunze ubumwe na Se kandi ko akora ibyo Se yamutumye bityo akabasaba kwemera: “Niba koko ndakora ibikorwa bya Data nimureke kunyemera. Ariko niba mbikora, maze mukanga kunyemera, nimwemera byibura ibikorwa nkora kugira ngo mumenye kandi mwemere ko Data andimo nanjye nkaba muri Data”.
Nsigaranye iki?
Bakristu na mwe bantu b’Imana mwese, Yeremiya kimwe na Yezu Kristu baratanga urugero rwo kudacika intege, guhagarara gitwari aho rukomeye, kwiringira Imana yonyine mu buzima. Ese muri iki gihe dutangiye iminsi 100 y’icyunamo twibuka jenosidi yakorewe abatutsi bo mu Rwanda ayo masomo yombi yadufasha iki?
- Ntukihebe Imana ni yo nkuru: rangamira Ubuntu n’impuhwe byayo uyereka aho ubabara iragutabara kandi ikomore ibikomere byawe.
- Ntugatinye aho rukomeye: ushobora gutotezwa kubera ko uvuze ukuri (ibyo ujye uhora ubyiteze) kuko hari amatwi aryoherwa n’ikinyoma gusa cyangwa amagambo yuje uburyarya.
- Ibuka uharanira kubaho: Yeremiya ntiyari gushobora gukomeza ubutumwa bwe iyo acika intege, yiringiye Uhoraho kandi aharanira gukomeza kubaho, mu nzitane z’imitego y’abanzi be.
- Sabira bose umugisha kandi ubature Imana: Yeremiya yatuye abanzi be Imana, abashyira mu biganza byayo, yiringiye ubuvunyi bwayo. Nawe muvandimwe sabira abatabarutse Imana ibakire hanyuma nibamara gutuza basabire bose; sabira ababavukije ubuzima, kugira ngo niba hari ukinangiye umutima abohoke maze mufatanye urugendo. Yezu Kristu ntabwo yahunze abafarizayi ahubwo yashishikazwaga no kubahungura no kubahumura amaso y’umutima.
Mwese mbifurije kwinjra neza mu minsi y’ububabare bwa Kristu, twinjiranemo n’abo twibuka bose badutanze gutabaruka, maze mu cyizere gikomeye cy’ubuzima bw’Iteka dukesha izuka rya Kristu, tuzahimbaze Pasika nta minkanyari mu gahanga. Twinjiranemo kandi n’abifitemo umutima w’ubugiranabi nk’abishi ba Yezu, tubasabire guhinduka inzira zikigendwa!
Mwese Uhoraho Nyir’ingabo ababe hafi kandi abahe umugisha, nanjye ndawubahaye.
Padiri Théophile NKUNDIMANA.


text:
Zimwe mu mbuga za Interineti z’uturere ziriho amakuru akeneye kuvugururwa
Imbuga za Interineti z’Uturere zafasha abashaka kumenya amakuru yerekeranye na buri karere mu gihe zaramuka zitaweho. Usibye kuba zimwe muri zo zitaryoheye ijisho, hari amakuru cyangwa imyirondoro umuntu azishakiraho ntabibone. Ubwo Kigali Today yasuraga zimwe muri zo, ku wa mbere tariki 04 Gashyantare 2019, hari amakuru atazigaragaho nyamara ashobora gukenerwa na bamwe mu bazisura.
Rusizi
Nta mazina y’Umuyobozi w’Akarere agaragara ku rubuga mu gihe amazina y’abandi bayobozi bagenzi be yanditseho
Ahagombaga kwandikwa ’Email’ z’abayobozi b’Akarere ka Rusizi nta kiriho
Nyamasheke
Imwe mu myandikire igaragara ku rubuga rwa Interineti rw’Akarere irakemangwa
Nimero zo guhamagaraho ku buntu muri Nyamasheke ntizabonekaga ubwo twandikaga iyi nkuru
Rutsiro
Nimero 4367 zo guhamagaraho ntizabonekaga
Gisagara
Ubwo twateguraga iyi nkuru twahamagaye nimero y’ubuntu y’Akarere ka Gisagara ntiyaboneka
Nyagatare
Umutwe w’amakuru uri mu kinyarwanda, amakuru akaba mu cyongereza. Aha i Nyagatare kandi, nimero y’ubuntu yatanzwe na yo ntiyabonekaga ku murongo
Rulindo
Nimero yo guhamagaraho ku buntu muri Rulindo na yo ntiyakoraga
Musanze
Nimero yo guhamagaraho ku buntu i Musanze na yo ntiyakoraga
Ku rubuga rwa interineti rw’Akarere ka Musanze iyo ukanze ahanditse ’Ubuyobozi’ ni ibi baguha :
Bugesera
Mu nyandiko igaragaza Komite Nyobozi y’Akarere ka Bugesera bigaragara ko hagombaga gushyirwamo amafoto
Kirehe
Nimero yo humagaraho ntiyari iri ku murongo
Karongi
Iyo ukanze ahanditse ’kwandikira umuyobozi w’Akarere’ ni ibi baguha :
Kamonyi
Ku rubuga rw’Akarere ka Kamonyi iyo ukanze ahanditse ngo ’Andikira umuyobozi w’Akarere’ ni ibi baguha:
Izi nimero zo ku Kamonyi na zo ntizabonekaga ku murongo
Huye
Izi nimero zo kwifashisha uhamagara mu Karere ka Huye na zo ntizabonekaga
Ku rubuga rwa Interineti rw’Akarere ka Huye ahagenewe kugaragara abo mu Nama Njyanama hagaragara Visi Perezida n’Umunyamabanga we gusa
Rubavu
I Rubavu iyo ukanze ahanditse ubuyobozi ni ibi baguha (nta bayobozi bagaragaraho):
Nyaruguru
Kimwe n’izindi mbuga za Interineti zitagaragaraho imyirondoro y’Abayobozi/Ubuyobozi, i Nyaruguru na ho nta myirondoro y’abayobozi yari iriho mu gitondo cyo ku wa mbere tariki 04 Gashyantare 2019
I Nyaruguru iyo ukanze ahanditse ’kwandikira umuyobozi w’Akarere’ ni ibi baguha:
Burera
I Burera mu mafoto y’abagize biro y’inama njyanama habuzemo ifoto ya Visi Perezida wa Njyanama
Ibitekerezo ( 2 )
Nibaza ngo akarere ntabakozi bashinzwe kuvugurura cg updating their websites. Ese Bo ntibazisura? Bakabaye babyunguranaho ibitekerezo igihe cry’inama.
Turashimira Kigali today, yakanguye abayobozi bacu byumwihariko aho , bari baratereye agati muryinyo kukijyanye no kugaragaza amakuru ajyanye nigihe.
Muturere twose izo numero ntizikora , aho bavuga ngo andikira umuyobozi w akarere niyo bikunze , ntabwo bajya basubiza


text:
Mukamana Dative ni umugore uzwi ku izina rya Masenge, akaba yararyiswe kubera akamaro afitiye abakobwa n’abagore batageze mu rubohero (Gukuna), nyuma bashimishe abagabo babo.
Aganira na Bwiza.com, uyu mugore yavuze ko uruhande rumwe ari umuganga urundi akaba umujyanama w’abakobwa n’abagore ku byerekeye imibanire y’abashakanye.
Aha, avuga ko ari muganga gakondo, uvura indwara nyinshi, ariko cyane cyane akaba yibanda ku bijyanye n’ubujyanama ku gitsinagore, uburyo bashimisha abo bashakanye hagendewe ku muco.
Ati: “Murabizi na kera Nyirasenge w’umuntu yabaga ari umuntu ukomeye, abakobwa baraza bakansanga, bati Masenge tubwire, ibyo bintu bita kujya mu rubohero (Gukuna cga guca imyeyo) ni ibiki?, muri iyi minsi abana nta kintu babiziho”.
Akomeza avuga ko hari abamugeraho akabigisha uko bakuna, akabigisha umuco w’uko washimisha umugabo dore ko ubu abana bamwe usanga nta n’ababyeyi cyangwa imiryango bagira.
Avuga kandi ko nyuma yo kubigisha bakagera aho bishimishije, bamwe basubira inyuma bakaza kumushimira ko ingo zabo zubatswe neza, bazi kunezeza abo bashakanye.
Mu gihe hari abibaza bati, ese umugore wabyaye yaca imyeyo bigakunda? Kuri iki, Masenge avuga ko ari ibintu bishoboka cyane.
Ati: “cyane, hari ukuntu umukobwa agira gutya agashaka atarigeze agera mu rubohero, akenshi bangeraho ku bw’ingaruka baba barahuye nazo mu ngo zabo, hari igihe aba yarashatse, umugabo ubikunda, wenda akamubaza ati kuki wowe utameze nk’abandi?.
Hari igihe we aba yarabipingaga yumva ko ntacyo bivuze cyangwa se atarigeze abona ayo mahirwe yo kubyigishwa, yagera mu rwe agahora mu nduru n’umugabo abimuziza, icyo gihe bangeraho nkabashyira mu rubohero”.
Akomeza avuga ko hari n’abagabo bamugeraho bamubwira uburyo abagore babo bataciye imyeyo, bikaba ngombwa ko abahuza, akamuzanira umugore we nawe akamufasha kuyica.
Ubundi ngo gukuna byakagombye gutangira gukorwa ku myaka 10 cga 12, ariko iyo ageze igihe arenza akagera kuri 20 cyangwa 30, ati: ”wenda yarabyaye bisabako,…buriya iyo akiri mutoya umubiri we uba woroshye, urakurura bikaza, ariko ku muntu mukuru we hifashishwa imiti yabugenewe kandi iyo miti nta ngaruka igira, iba itunganyijwe neza”.
Akomeza avuga ko adapfa gukorera ibi aho abonye hose, ko ku ivuriro akoreramo afite icyumba cyabugenewe, ndetse n’igitanda, by’umwihariko ko hari abaza akabaha imiti bazajya bifashisha bakuna mu gihe babyishoboreye, utabibashije akajya afata iminsi akaza akabimukorera kuzageza ku rugero rushimishije.
Ati: “mfite igipimo nkoresha, iyo mbonye yagwije ndamusezerera, iyo bibaye birebire cyane cga bigufi ntabwo aba ari byiza, hari urugero ntarengwa”.
Avuga ko hari imiti ya Kinyarwanda bakoresha irimo amavuta y’inka, ko nka bakera bifashishaga intobo, ariko ku bwe avuga ko atari nziza ko zatera ubundi burwayi.
Ese Gukuna ni iki? Bikorwa gute?
Gukuna, cyangwa se Guca imyeyo nk’uko bamwe babyita ni umuhango wa gikobwa ukorwa mu muco nyarwanda no mu bindi bihugu bya Afurika ugamije gutegura umukobwa kuba umugore ubereye umugabo, utangira umukobwa ari umwangavu kuko umubiri uba utarakomera rimwe na rimwe atarajya mu mihango ya gikobw, Gusa ku bwa Masenge anavuga ko ku bagore babyaye abafasha bigashoboka.
Bikorwa gute?
Wicaza ikibuno hasi, ugashinga ibirenge ku buryo amavi ashobora kugera ku ntugu zombi, ukanyuza amaboko munsi y’ibibero ufite uruvange rw’ibyo ukunisha cyangwa se amavuta y’inka akuze (iyo ari intangiriro), ukuboko kumwe gukurura umushino biteganye.
Kaba kakiri gato noneho kakagenda gakura uko uhataho ukuna, ukururira rimwe ujyana hasi, mu ntangiriro birababaza ndetse rimwe na rimwe ukumva wabireka, ari nayo mpamvu abakobwa ba kera bakuniraga hamwe barenze umwe kugirango batizanye umurindi. Iyo umaze kugira umushino ufatika, ugeraho ugakuna utazura umushino mu bugari bwawo kugirango biwugire mugari, kugeza ugwije” imyugariro”
Masenge avuga ko nubwo hari bamwe afasha gukurura iyi mishino kugeza ku rugero runaka, anavuga ko hari abishyira hamwe bakamutumira kugirango bamarane isoni, akabigishiriza hamwe kandi bakazagera ku ntego.
Akamaro ko gukuna mu gihe cyo gutera akabariro ni akahe?
Nk’uko mu ntangiroro twabikomojeho gato, umugore utarigeze akuna ashobora guhura n’imbogamizi z’uko yasanga umugabo we abikunda, iyo wakunnye biba akarusho kuko umugore wakunnye areta vuba kandi akihuta mu kunyara no mu gusohora, ndetse bifasha umugabo we, akumva ko atarimo kuruhira ubusa, biramunezeza cyane iyo baharuranye ikivi batangiranye (bakarangiriza rimwe).
Umugore utarakunnye ntibivuze ko ari uwo gusendwa, kuko hari n’abadakora ibi byose kandi bagashimisha abagabo babo ariko n’ubwo bwose amajyambere agenda yihuta umugore wakunnye uzi n’ibyiza byabyo mu kunezeza umugabo we nawe aba yifuza ko umwana we abikora.
Kubera ko uyu muhango wa gikobwa wakorerwaga mu gasozi, nko mu gashyamba, abakobwa bitwazaga kujya “guca imyeyo” ari naho havuye iyo mvugo yo guca imyeyo, bakitwaza kujya guca ubwatsi, gutashya inkwi, kujya mu rubohero,…
Ubaye hari icyo ushaka kubaza Mukamana Dative (Masenge) bariza kuri iyi Email:kamikazigentille08@gmail.com
cyangwa se ubarize kuri 0785058200! Murakoze.
Related Posts by Categories


text:
1. Abafata bafite urwego rwinshi rwa voltage, kuva 0.38kv voltage ntoya kugeza 500kV UHV, mugihe ibikoresho byo gukingira byiyongera mubicuruzwa bito gusa;
2. Benshi mubatawe muri yombi bashyizwe kuri sisitemu y'ibanze kugirango birinde kwibasirwa n’umurabyo mu buryo butaziguye, mu gihe benshi mu barinda surge bashyizwe kuri sisitemu ya kabiri, kikaba ari icyemezo cyiyongera nyuma yuko uwufashe akuyeho igitero simusiga cy’umurabyo, cyangwa iyo uwufashe adakuraho umurabyo burundu;
3. Ufata abafata akoreshwa mu kurinda ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, mu gihe uburinzi bwa surge bukoreshwa cyane mu kurinda ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki cyangwa metero;
4. Kuberako abafata bahujwe na sisitemu y'ibanze y'amashanyarazi, igomba kugira imikorere ihagije yo hanze, kandi ubunini bugaragara ni bunini.Kuberako umurinzi wo kubaga uhujwe na voltage ntoya, ubunini burashobora kuba buto cyane.
Igikoresho cyo gukingira ibikoresho 1. Inama ishinzwe kugenzura inshuro zigomba kongerwaho;2. Kugenzura akabati ukoresheje vacuum circuit breaker igomba kongerwamo;3. Kwinjira kwa sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi bigomba kongerwaho
4. Ayandi mabati yo kugenzura ntashobora kongerwaho.Birumvikana, niba hari umwanya wingengo yumutekano, zirashobora kongerwamo
Ibikoresho byo gukingira byigabanyijemo ibice bibiri: ubwoko bwo kurinda moteri nubwoko bwo gukingira amashanyarazi!
Urukurikirane rwibikoresho birinda ibikoresho bifata varistor ifite ibintu byiza bidafite umurongo.Mugihe gisanzwe, igikoresho cyo gukingira cyihuta kiri mumwanya muremure cyane, kandi imyuka yamenetse hafi ya zeru, kugirango harebwe ingufu zisanzwe zitanga amashanyarazi.Iyo ingufu zirenze urugero ziboneka muri sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi, gushushanya ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe nuburinzi bwa surge bizahita bitwara muri nanosekondi kugirango bigabanye amplitude ya overvoltage murwego rukora neza rwibikoresho.Mugihe kimwe, ingufu za overvoltage zirekurwa.Ibikurikiraho, umurinzi ahita ahinduka leta irwanya cyane, ntabwo rero bigira ingaruka kumashanyarazi asanzwe ya sisitemu.
Igikoresho cyo gukingira (SPD) nigikoresho cyingirakamaro mukurinda inkuba ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Byakunze kwitwa "surge arrester" cyangwa "overvoltage protector", mu magambo ahinnye nka SPD mucyongereza.Igikorwa cyibikoresho byo gukingira byihuta ni ukugabanya umuvuduko ukabije wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wa voltage ibikoresho cyangwa sisitemu ishobora kwihanganira, cyangwa gusohora imirabyo ikomeye mubutaka, kugirango urinde ibikoresho cyangwa sisitemu birinzwe. biturutse ku kwangizwa n'ingaruka.
Ubwoko nuburyo bwibikoresho byo kurinda ibintu biratandukanye ukurikije porogaramu zitandukanye, ariko bigomba kuba byibuze byibuze ikintu kimwe kitagira umurongo ugabanya imbaraga.Ibice byibanze bikoreshwa muri SPD harimo icyuho cyo gusohora, gaze yuzuye ya gaze, varistor, diode yo guhagarika hamwe na coil coil.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-08-2021


text:
- Ubuzima bwa Abulfaz Elchibey
- Ibikorwa bya siyansi
- Ibikorwa bya politiki bya perezida wa kabiri wa Azaribayijan
- Ibisubizo by'ingoma ya Abulfaz Elchibey
- Umuyobozi wabantu murwibutso
Abulfaz Gadirgulu oglu Elchibey (Aliyev) ni leta ya Azaribayijan, umunyapolitiki na rubanda. Abatavuga rumwe n’umuyobozi wa rubanda nyamwinshi ya Azaribayijan - Umuryango uharanira kwibohora kwa Azaribayijan. Yabaye Perezida wa kabiri wa Repubulika ya Azaribayijan (kuva 1992 kugeza 1993), ariko uwambere yatowe n’abaturage ba Azaribayijan binyuze mu matora ya demokarasi.
Ubuzima bwa Abulfaz Elchibey
Abulfaz Gadirgulu oglu yavutse ku ya 24 Kamena 1938 mu mudugudu wa Kalyaki, mu karere ka Ordubad muri Repubulika yigenga ya Nakhichevan. Yarangije amashuri yisumbuye numero 1 muri Ordubad.
Mu 1957 yinjiye muri kaminuza ya leta ya Azaribayijan mu ishami rya Filologiya y’icyarabu. Nyuma yo guhabwa impamyabumenyi mu 1962, Abulfaz Elchibey yabonye akazi ko kuba umusemuzi ku ishami rya Baku ry’ishuri rikuru rya Hydrodynamics. Muri Mutarama 1963, yoherejwe mu rugendo rw'akazi muri Egiputa, agumayo kugeza mu Kwakira 1964. Agarutse, arinjiraimpamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza muri kaminuza ya Azaribayijan, ayirangiza neza mu 1968, ahabwa impamyabumenyi y'abakandida mu bumenyi bw'amateka.
Abulfaz Elchibey yari umwarimu mu ishami ry’amateka y’ibihugu bya Aziya na Afurika muri kaminuza ya Azaribayijan kuva 1968 kugeza 1975.
Ibikorwa bya siyansi
Abulfaz Aliyev, uzi ubuhanga bwururimi rwicyarabu nubuvanganzo nubuvanganzo, ishingiro rya Islamu, siyanse, amateka, filozofiya numuco wibihugu byiburasirazuba, yakoze ubushakashatsi bwubumenyi bwingirakamaro mubijyanye namateka nubushakashatsi bwiburasirazuba. Mubuzima bwe, yasohoye inyandiko zirenga 40, harimo:
- "Kugaragara kwa Ahmed bin Tulun na leta ya Tulunide";
- "Gutesha agaciro no kugabana ubukhalifa bwa Abasi";
- "Ahmed Tantarani Maragi na Tantarania ye" nibindi.
Nanone, Abulfaz Gadirgulu oglu yanditse ibitabo byinshi, aribyo gukusanya ibitekerezo bishya: "Leta ya Tolunogullary (868-905)" na "Mu nzira igana muri Azaribayijan".
Ibikorwa bya politiki bya perezida wa kabiri wa Azaribayijan
Abulfaz Elchibey yarwanyije politiki y’ubutegetsi bw’Abasoviyeti kuva akiri umunyeshuri: yashinze amashyirahamwe y’abanyeshuri kandi agerageza gukwirakwiza ibitekerezo by’ubwisanzure. Muri icyo gihe, yateje imbere igitekerezo cya Azaribayijan yunze ubumwe.
Muri Mutarama 1975, Komite ishinzwe umutekano wa Azaribayijan yamufashe ashinjwa gukunda igihugu no kurwanya Abasoviyetikwamamaza no gufungwa igihe kugeza ku ya 17 Nyakanga 1976. Ariko ifatwa ntabwo ryahinduye inzira.
Muri 1988, Abulfaz Elchibey ashinga Umuryango wabaturage kandi aba umwe mubayobozi bayo. Kubera urugamba rwizewe rw’umutwe w’abaturage, ku ya 18 Ukwakira 1991, hashyizweho itegeko ryerekeye ubwigenge bwa Azaribayijan.
8 Kamena 1992 muri Azaribayijan, ku nshuro ya mbere mu mateka yarwo, perezida yatowe mu buryo bwa demokarasi. Abulfaz Gadirgulu oglu yakoze byinshi mu gushyiraho demokarasi mu gihugu, guhindura Azerubayijani igihugu cyigenga no kuzamura imibereho myiza y’abaturage ba Azaribayijan.
Ibisubizo by'ingoma ya Abulfaz Elchibey
- Amafaranga y’ivunjisha ya Banki nkuru y’igihugu yiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 100 agera kuri miliyoni 156 z'amadolari ya Amerika.
- Igihombo cya leta nticyarenze 5 ku ijana.
- Ifaranga ryigihugu cya Azaribayijan, manat, ryashyizwe ahagaragara, rikomeza intangiriro ya 1:10 kurwanya ruble igihe kirekire.
- Amategeko yemejwe ku mashyaka ya politiki, imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta n’itangazamakuru. Hashingiwe kuri aya mategeko, amashyaka ya politiki agera kuri 30, imiryango irenga 200 n’ibitangazamakuru birenga 500 byanditswe.
- Ivugurura rikomeye mu kubahiriza amategeko ryatangiye.
- Amatora y’abadepite y’amashyaka menshi yabereye muri Azaribayijan ku nshuro ya mbere.
- Ubucuruzi buciriritse bwafashijwe. Hashyizweho amategeko n'amabwiriza menshi atandukanye ku bijyanye no kwishyira ukizana mu bucuruzi, ku bukode bw'inyubako zitaruzura, kandi gahunda zateguwekwihangira imirimo, kwegurira abikorera ku giti cyabo, ubuhinzi. Niyo mpamvu, igihugu cyashyizeho amategeko yemewe yo kuvugurura ubukungu kandi kateye intambwe yambere muri iki cyerekezo. Ibihumbi n'ibigo byigenga byafunguwe, amabanki menshi yigenga, nibindi.
- Hakozwe imirimo ikomeye yo gukurura imari y’amahanga mu bukungu bwa Azaribayijan.
- Ivugurura rikomeye mubumenyi, uburezi n'umuco.
- Igihugu cyahinduye inyuguti z'ikilatini.
- Mu mwaka umwe, hemejwe amategeko 118 n’imyanzuro 160. .
Politiki yubukungu ya Perezida yibanze cyane ku ntego ebyiri:
-
.
- Kugera ku ishingwa ry'ubukungu bw'isoko muri republika binyuze mu ivugurura ry'ubukungu bwisanzuye. Kubwibyo, hashyizweho komite ishinzwe umutungo wa leta, komite ya leta ishinzwe kurwanya ruswa no kwihangira imirimo, minisiteri yubukungu, komite yubutaka nizindi nzego za leta.
Umuyobozi wabantu murwibutso
. Kugeza ku rupfu rwe, yakomeje inzira yatangijwe na Mammad Emin Rasulzade, umwe mu bashinze Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Azaribayijan. Kugeza ku mperuka, yaharaniye demokarasi n'ubumwe bw'igihugu.
Kugeza uyu munsi, Abulfaz Elchibey aba mu mitima yabantu benshi bakomeza umurimo we.
Buri mwaka ku ya 24 kamena i Baku abantu bajya kurwibutso rwuyu munyapolitiki ukomeye numuntu wigitangaza ufite indabyo kugirango bamwubahe.