text:
FROM : Massaihouse@hotmailcom
TO : Israël Ntaganzwa
SUBJECT : Re [rwanda-l] Kuli Ntaganzwa : Kigeri V Ndahindurwa, Umwami wa
Rubanda.
Dusubize Bwana Israël NTAGANZWA
Baciye umugani mu Kinyarwanda ngo : « Abatajya i Bwami babeshywa
byinci ». Koko rero ndabibonye, dore hali abamaze
kwiha kubeshya ngo baravuga iby’i Bwami n’Abami. Uravuga ngo Kigeri V Ndahindurwa ni Umwami wimitswe
Abanyarwanda, ngo yambaye ikamba, ngo bamuha mandat yo kuyobora u Rwanda… Urongera uvuga iby’imivireho ye,
ko Abazungu baba barabigizemo uruhare.
Aha rero ndagira ngo nkubwire ibintu
bitatu by’ingenzi byerekeye Ubwami bwa Jean-Baptiste Ndahindurwa :
1. Uretse na Ndahindurwa uwo, na se Musinga, Yuhi wa V, ntiyimitswe ku
bulyo bukulikije amategeko cyangwa imihango w’Ubwiru. Niba uzi amateka
y’igihugu cyawe, uzi ko Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri yasize atanze ali
Rutarindwa. Uyu
Rutarindwa arima mu izina lya Mibambwe IV amara umwaka ku ngoma, nyuma Abega baza kumuhilika bimika mwishywa
wabo Musinga. Abiru barumirwa, barushwa amaboko barabyihorera. N’ikimenyimenyi hali imihango yagombaga gukorerwa Umwami buli gitondo (kuramutsa Kalinga), Abiru barabimubuza (mbese nk’uwabuza Président kugera imbere y’Ibendera
ly’igihugu ubwo uwo aba yambuwe ububasha mu gihugu bwo kuba Président).
Abazungu bavanye Yuhi IV Musinga ku ngoma, bamusimbuza umuhungu we
Charles-Léon-Pierre Rudahigwa, yima mu izina
lya Mutara wa III. Icyo gihe Abapadiri bamubuza gukorerwa imihango yo kwimikwa nk’uko iteganywa mu Bwiru. Bukeye aranabatizwa, ingoma ze zilimo Kalinga azitura « Kristu-Umwami ». Ubwo iby’Ubwiru biba bisezerewe burundu.
Rudahigwa yamaze imyaka 28 ku ngoma. Nta mwana yasize. Kuba yali yaravuze ko azasimburwa na Jean-Baptiste
Ndahindurwa, ni ikosa likomeye, kuko nta mwami uraga ingoma undi muntu utali umwana we. Ibi mvuze nagira ngo
nkwereke aho bivugwa mu Bwiru. Uzi neza ko Padiri Alexis Kagame yali yarahawe Ubwiru; mu nyandiko ye yatangaje mu kanyamakuru (revue) kitwa « Aequatoria, n°2 » ko muli 1945; soma rero ibi yanditse :
« Le Ruanda est gouverné, depuis trente
générations, par surcroît, se sont succédés de père en fils. Le « Code
Esotérique »
de la Dynastie (dont les dix-huit poèmes ne furent révélés pour la première fois qu’en 1945) s’oppose absolument à
toute intronisation d’un prince qui ne soit fils du régnant. Ceci exclut a priori l’intronisation des cousins, coutume en
cours dans les royaumes du Protectorat de l’Uganda. Bien plus, parmi les fils du régnant, il n’y a qu’un seul prince né Roi, prédestiné à cette dignité par Dieu. Si ce prince pouvait mourir sans rejeton, dans le cadre de ces prescriptions du Code Esotérique, la Dynastie serait éteinte, bien que le défunt laisse d’innombrables frères. Il n’y a qu’un roi par génération ou, en d’autres mots, un Roi ne peut engendrer qu’un seul Roi.
Ces principes en soi rigides, cependant, s’accompagnent de
correctifs très judicieux, qu’il serait trop long d’aborder ici.
Il peut se faire, par exemple, qu’à la mort du Roi, son successeur ne soit pas connu de tous ses sujets, et qu’il ait une
guerre de compétition au trône. Comme la royauté est une dignité au-dessus des forces humaines, il n’y a que Dieu qui
puisse trancher le différend. Comment plaider devant Dieu ? On doit plaider « par les arcs » : c’est-à-dire que les
prétendants sont obligés de se battre. Et à quel signe reconnaîtra-t-on la sentence de Dieu ? Par la victoire qu’il accordera
au prince prédestiné à la dignité royale. Le Roi est, du reste, appelé « un dieu », ou « l’œil par lequel Dieu regarde le Rwanda ».
Aha rero
harakwereka ko Musinga atali Umwami, kuko atarazwe na se Kigeri IV Rwabugiri
(Sezisoni), ibyo kurwanira ingoma usomye muli iyo nyandiko, byakorwaga nta
mwana b’Umwami urima. Naho Rutarindwa yarimye, avugirwa n’ingoma umwaka
urashira. Kandi barwaniraga ingoma igihe se yatangaga nta we asize avuze.
Wumvise rero ko n’ubwo Rudahigwa atarazwe ingoma na se, byibura yabaye umwami
iyo myaka yose. Nta wundi Mwami washoboraga kuva mu nda ya Musinga ; kuko
Umwami abyara umwami umwe gusa (nk’uko ubisomye).
2.
Jean-Baptiste Ndahindurwa ntiyimitswe n’igihugu, yavuzwe na Rukeba, utali Umwiru, avuga ko
yabibwiwe na Musinga
igihe yali i Kongo (ngo yagiye kumusura arabimwongorera). Ni ikinyoma gikabije kuko mbere y’urupfu rwa Musinga muli 1945,
ntiyali azi ko umuhungu we mukuru Mutara III Rudahigwa atazabyara ! Ikindi kerekana ko ari ibinyoma bya Rukeba amaruwa
abiri Padiri Alexis Kagame yandikiye Mgr Perraudin, imwe 27/07/1959 n’indi 30/07/1959, ahamya neza ko ali Mutara III Rudahigwa wavuze ko Ndahindurwa aliwe uzamusimbura. Ibyo yaba yarabimubwiye muli « Hôtel Bougainvillées » i Cyangugu. Yanabibwiye Umwiru Alexandre Kayumba, aliko igihe cyo kubivugira muruhame Padiri Alexis Kagame yigira nyoni-nyinshi ko ntabyo azi. Muli iyo baruwa ye ya mbere yabwiye Mgr Perraudin kandi amusaba uburenganzira bwo kugira icyo abitangazaho agira ati : « Comme il s’agit d’un problème fort important, Excellence, et que je pourrai être appelé à informer les autorités compétentes, je préférais le faire sous votre couvert et peut-être ne pas paraître du tout, si vous voulez bien en disposé ainsi ». Aha rero ayo magambo arumvisha ko yasabaga Mgr Perraudin ariwe wabibwira abatetsi bakuru aliko we ntagaragare. Aliko mugitabo cye yanditsi hanyuma kitwa : « Un Abrégé de l’Histoire du Rwanda, Tome II » ahakana rwose ko ibyobavuga ko
yarazi uzasimbura Mutara III ali ibinyoma, aho nawe yarabeshye, ubanza atalibukaga ko ayo mabaruwa ye azageraho akagaragara. Muli iyo baruwa kandi yasobanuriye Résident aho umurambo (umugogo) w’Umwami uzashyigurwa akavuga ko n’imihango ijyana n’Ubwiru itagomba gukoreshwa k’Umwami wabaye umukristu. Na none tukagaruka hahandi havuga ko « Umwami abyara Umwami umwe gusa ».
3.
Jean-Baptiste Ndahindurwa ntiyimitswe n’Abanyarwanda bose (Rubanda rwose).
Yavuzwe na Rukeba n’umushefu
Alexandre Kayumba (bavuga ko akomoka mu mulyango w’Abiru). Ibyo se birahagije n’ubwo Padiri Alexis Kagame yali
abirimo aliko yanga kwigaragaza ? Kandi uriregagiza ko muli icyo gihe Rubanda batashakaga gupfukiranwa muri ubwo
buryo ngo babahe Umwami kandi ikibazo cy’Ubwami na Kalinga nicyo cyavugagwa muli « Manifeste y’Abahutu » muli 1957. Abimitse Umwami (Kigeri V) muli ubwo buryo biregangije ibyo iyo Manifeste y’Abahutu yavugaga. Bangomba kwitondera icyo kibazo cyo gusimbura Mutara III kuko ibitekerezo by’Abanyarwanda byalibitangiye guhinduka batagishaka gutegekeshwa « agahato n’ubwiru ». Bikerakana ko uwo Mwami yali uwa Batutsi gusa n’Abahutu bamwe batumvaga uko ikibazo giteye.
Jean-Baptiste
Ndahindurwa yashyizweho n’abo bantu batatu : Padiri Kagame, Rukeba na
Kayumba, aliko binyuranije n’amategeko y’Abazungu yateganya ko igihe Umwami
atakiliho (apfuye cyangwa arwaye indwa ituma adashobora gukora
imilimo ye, Gouverneur Général yagombaga gutegeka uko azasimburwa. Ibyakorewe i Mwima muli icyo gihe byatunguye Gouverneur Général Jean-Paul Harroy ; abyemera kubera kwanga guhagurutsa imvururu mu gihugu.
Nyuma y’ukwezi
J.-B. Ndahindurwa niho yakorewe icyo Abazungu bita « investiture »
(« guhamya ubutegetsi »),
i Kigali,
hali Gouverneur Général na Résident n’abatware bake bagize Inama Nkuru y’Igihugu. Hali hateganijwe gukora imihango yo « kwimika » (« couronnement »), ali byo kwambikwa ikamba ; ibyo ntibyabaye kubera agasigane kabaye hagati y’Abiru. Imirwano yo muli 1959 iza kuba ibyo bitabaye. Niba ugira ngo ndabeshya, uvuge igihe iyo mihango yabereye n’aho yabereye ! Ibyo mvuze uzabisanga mu gitabo cya Padiri Alexis Kagame : « Un Abrégé de l’Histoire du Rwanda, Tome II ».
Kuvuga rero ko
Abazungu babigizemo uruhare, ibyo ni ikinyoma, kuko batigeze bamukuraho ku
mugaragaro, nk’uko
bamukoreye icyo bise « investiture » ku mugaragaro. Niba uvuga ko yimitswe na Rubanda, iyo Rubanda rero ni yo
yamukuyeho ku mugaragaro muli « Kamarampaka » yo ku wa 25 Nzeli 1961. Amagambo y’abantu ni yo avuga ko
Abazungu babigizemo uruhare, maze ugerageze kutubwira urwo ruhare urwo ali rwo n’aho warusomye. Kuvuga ko
Abazungu banze uwo Mwami, ni ibitekerezo bishyizemo, kuko atali Umwami wabo. Iyo bashaka gukuraho Ubwami, baba barabishoboye igihe bakuraho Musinga, ntibilirwe bashyiraho umuhungu we Rudahigwa.
Iyo
Kamarampaka yo yaje ite ? Umwami Kigeri V Ndahindurwa amaze kuva mu Rwanda
muli Kamena 1960, ntawe
umwirukanye, byagejeje muli Mutarama 1961 ataragaruka. Kugaruka kwe byali bikomeye, kubera dossier nini yali afite yerekeranye n’ibitero yagabishije muli 1959. (Soma igitabo cyanditswe na Bwana R. Hubert (La Tout Saint rwandaise), yali umushinjacyaha w’Urukiko rwa Gisirikari (Conseil de Guerre) muli 1959 kugeza muli 1961). Kugira ngo Abazungu bamubuze kugaruka byatewe no kurinda amagara ye (sa sécurité). Bigeze ku wa 28 Mutarama 1961 Abarwanashyaka b’Abahutu
bashyiraho Republika. Ubwo ba Bazungu uvuga na ONU bavuga ko iyo Republika itemewe ; ni bwo rero bategetse ko
hagomba kubaho « Kamarampaka », kugira ngo Rubanda rwose ivuge icyo yifuza : ali Ubwami cyangwa Republika. Icyo Rubanda yemeje rero urakizi. Uruhare uvuga rw’Abazungu ruherereye hehe ?
Icyo Abanyarwanda bagombaga kumenya ni uko abo Bazungu mukunda kuvuga,
nta kintu Umuzungu akora kitamufitiye
inyungu. Ibyo ugomba kuba ubizi. Nta nyungu bali bafite ku gihugu cyitwa Rwanda, uretse n’uwo Mwami utari afite icyo abatwaye n’icyo abamaliye. Abo icyo gihugu gifitiye akamaro ni Abanyarwanda, akamaro k’uwo Mwami kazwi
n’Abanyarwanda (bakeya cyane). Ababiligi bamaze kuva muli Congo (1960) yaribafiteye akamaro kanini ntacyo u Rwanda
n’u Burundi byari bibamariye ahubwo u Bubiligi bwa tanze amafaranga menshi aliko bwo ntacyo rwakuyemo. Naho kuvuga
ko Ababiligi bashatse kuguma mu Rwanda no mu Burundi mubyikuremo kuko ntanyungu yaririmo. Ninayo mpamvu ntakintu bahakoze kigaragara nko muli Congo cyangwa abandi Bazungu bakoze mu bindi bihungu. Ninacyo gituma abandi Bazungu bavuye mu bihugu bakolonije hagobye kubaho intambara kubera imitungo myinshi bari bahafite, naho mu Rwanda no mu
Burundi Ababiligi babahaye Ubwigenge vuba-vuba babikiza.
Abanyarwanda b’icyo gihe bavangitiranije umuco w’igihugu n’amategeko
y’Ababiligi yo mu gihe cya Tutelle.
Gushyiraho
Umwami batabyumvikanyeho n’Abazungu bategekaga, byabaye kwiyenza. Iyo Abazungu bakulikaza amategeko yabo yo
muli 1952, baba baravuze ko batabyemeye gusa. Hajyaga kuba iki ? Abanyarwanda (Abategetsi b’icyo gihe) bali bavuze ko
niba Abazungu babyanze haba intambara. Icyo Abazungu bali bakizi. Iyo ntambara rero yajyaga guhitana byibura Abazungu
nka batatu, aliko hagapfa Abanyarwanda barenze ibihumbi bitatu. Abazungu banze iyo ntambara itagira akamaro, bahitamo kubyihorera.
Uwo Ndahindurwa nta kamba yambitswe nkuko ubivuga. Mujye muvugisha
ukuli. Njya numva muli bamwe bali i Rwanda ngo bafite « Ubumenyi » mu
byerekeye management, marketing n’ibindi kandi bizwi neza ko
bahoze ali Bakarani-ngufu, babandi bacunga ibigorofana, bakaba n’Abavunjayi
ndetse n’ubupolisi bakabugeramo ; hali n’abandi bavuga ko bafite Diplôme ya doctorat kandi naho hazwi bize, abo ni nkaba Tito Rutaremara
n’abandi. Igihe mwivuga ntimukage mwiyita abo mutalibo.
Ngusabye rero kujya uvuga ibyo wiboneye n’amaso yawe, cyangwa ibyo
wasomye ahantu n’undi wese yashobora gusoma.
Niba rero Abanyarwanda bake baramuhaye ilyo zina, bukeye abenshi bakalimwambura, urasanga ilyo zina l’Ubwami lyaba ligihagaraliye hehe ? Niba nabwo ali Abazungu bamushyizeho bukeye bakamukura ho, Ubwami bwe bushingiye ku yihe
ngingo ?
Nguhaye ibyo bita « les
éléments juridiques », niba utabyumva, nta kundi nabigenza ni
ukukwihorera.
Ndabona rero ko akenshi abantu ntibazi ibyabaye kuli icyo gihe, umwe
yiha kubivuga akulikije igitekerezo cye (ses
sentiments) cyangwa icyifuzo cye (son désir), batabanje ngo babaze ababizi uko babibonye.
Uramenye ntube wuvise nabi ko ndwanya Ubwami cyangwa uwo Mwami. Ndabwira
abatabizi uko byagenze, ndavuga
amateka. Ahasigaye abantu bakore uko bashaka bashyigikire ibyo bazi nuwo bazi, uwumva ko ibyabaye kera ntacyo
bimubwiye n’ubureganzira bwe.
Igihe Rubanda nyamwishyi (le grand
nombre) izongera guhitamo Ubwami, ndetse na Kigeri V Ndahindurwa
bazabikore,
bizaba ali uburenganzira bwabo muli demokarasi isesuye ; aliko kandi babigira bazi neza uko ibya mbere byagenze, n’uko
uwo Mwami yifashe mu ntambara ya 1959-1960. Ejo hatazabaho izindi mpaka : bamwe ngo ntitwali tubizi, abandi ngo si twe twabikoze, bamwe bati yararenganye, abandi bati yazize ukuli… Abantu babanze bafutukirwe n’amateka y’ibyabo.
Icyo mbona gusa n’uko ibyo ibintu byaciye mu mucyo muli iyo Kamarampaka,
na none byaca mu mucyo, hatagombye
kubaho intambara hagati y’abashaka Ubwami n’abatabushaka, Umwami rero niba agomba kugaruka, ntagomba kuza ashorewe n’igitero cyo kumena amaraso. Ilyo mena-maraso limaze kurambirana mu Rwanda.
Uvuga yuko abantu bashaka guhindura amateka y’u Rwanda bakayavuga
mubulyo bubashimishije nanjye nsanga ibyo ali ukuyobya abantu hanyuma
bakazicuza amazi yarenze inkombe.
Massai-House
Israel Ntaganzwa rugamba@juno.com wrote :
Chers
Banyarubuga,
Iyi nyandiko yo mu Museso No.102 (21-27 Ukwakira 2002) ni nziza cyane, kandi umwanditsi wayo akwiye gushimirwa ubuhanga bwe mu kwandika n'ukuntu yasuzumye iki kibazo muryo busesuye n'ukuntu azi kwandika ikinyarwanda mu buryo bushyanutse. Nkuko uyu mwanditsi atangira avuga, Kigeri ni Umwami benshi twumva kuko mu myaka 40 yose ishize bakomeje kumuduhisha bagerageza kumuharabika no kumubeshyera ibintu hano ntasubiramo. Biteye isoni kubona mu bitabo byigishwa ku mateka y'Afrika bacyandikamo ko ngo muri 1961 Abahutu bahagurutse bakivaniraho ingoma ya cyami bakayisimbuza iya republika nta ruhare na rumwe Ababirigi babigizemo. Abanyarwanda bafite ubukuru butarenga myaka 40, ubu nibo bafite majorite mu gihugu, ariko igiteye agahinda nuko aribo babyirutse babwirizwa ibyo binyoma, kandi nkuko Abanyamerika baca umugani, "IKINYOMA CYAVUZWE KENSHI GIHINDUKA UKURI!!," twese turacyemera.
Mbere na mbere ikintu cy'ingenzi Abanyarwanda bose bagomba kumenya no kuzirikana, nuko Kigeri aribo bamwiyimikiye bakamushyira ku ngoma, bakamwambika ikamba, bakamuha mandat yo gutegeka u Rwanda, kandi iyo mandat, iyo nshingano, aracyayifite kugeza uyu munsi. Haba ku bakunda Umwami cyangwase abatamukunda rero, Kigeri yarimitswe, akaba ari twe Rubanda twagombye kumwikuriraho habaye hari icyo tumunengaho, kuko ntawufite ubushobozi bwo kutwambura ubwo burenganzira. Ubwo burenganzira kandi nibwo Inkotanyi natwe twese twahagurukiye kuzitera inkunga twaharaniraga. Hari ibihugu bibiri byavanyeho ubwami mu buryo abaturage bose bahagurukiye hakaba ntaho bihuriye n'amahano y'ukuntu Kigeri bamuvanye ku ngoma mu Rwanda. Ibyo bihugu ni u Burusi bwategekwaga na Czar/Tsar Nicholas II na Iran yategekwaga na Shah Reza Pehlavi. Abo bami bombi bategetse ibihugu byabo nabi barabyangiza, ingoma zabo zihangurwa n'abaturage ubwabo ntawuvuye hanze ngo abibakoreshe, ubwami buhashira butyo. Ingoma ya Kigeri mu Rwanda rero nta kuntu twayigereranya n'izo zombi,kuko yavanyweho n'Ababirigi b'abanzi bacu bari bakolonije igihugu cyacu bagitegekesha ikiboko n'imbunda.
Hari abagira bati ibihe tugezemo ntabwo bigendanye n'ubwami, bavuga ko ari "demode." Abatekereza batyo bisa naho birengagiza amateka y'isi bakayoberwa ko hariho ibihugu biteye imbere cyane biyobowe n'abami. N'abo Babirigi bavanyeho Umwami wacu bagumishaho uwabo. Niba ubwami bwari bubi kuki batabanje ngo bavaneho Umwami wabo?? Muri ibibihugu nkuko bigaragara, bafite amahoro, amajyambere, ubukungu, stabilite, uburenganzira bw'ibiremwa muntu,ugasanga mu byukuri ibitegekwa na ba presidents ntacyo bitandukaniyeho n'ibitegekwa n'abami.
Hari ingero ebyiri uyu mwanditsi yatanze ku bami ba Afghanistani na Bulgariya agerageza kubigereranya n'ibyo mu Rwanda.Kuva mw'ijana rya 18 habayeho kugerageza gufatanya Afghanistan ngo ibe ishyanga rimwe riyobowe n'umutegetsi umwe, ariko igihe cyose bimikaga ingoma ntiyamaraga kabiri. N'Abongereza bari barigize ishyano, bagerageje kuhakoloniza ariko ntibahamaze kabiri.Ibyo rero ahanini ikibitera nuko icyo gihugu gituwe n'amahanga arenze 20 atagira ikintu na kimwe ahuriyeho,arimo Abashinwa bo muri Mongoliya, abandi bo mu bice byo hepfo y'u Burusiya, Abanyairaki, Abarabu n'andi menshi,akaba rero adashobora kuyoboka umutegetsi umwe. N'uriya President uriho ubu washyizwe ku ngoma n'Abanyamerika, ari nabo bamurarira ijoro n'amanywa, nibahava ntazamara kabiri, kuko icyo abaturage baho bashaka ari nka confederation, yahesha buri bwoko autonomie yuzuye. Uwo Mwami rero nawe wigeze gutegeka Afghanistan, ntiyigeze yemerwa birushije abandi bagerageje gutegeka icyo gihugu, bikaba ari nayo mhamvu ubu adashobora kwemerwa ngo yongere asubire ku ngoma.
Muri Bulgariya ho icyo twavuga hano nuko icyo gihugu cyimitse ingoma ya gikomunisti (bitewe n'Abarusi bari bahateye bakavanaho ingoma yariho muri 1956), kubera rero ko abakomunisti baharaniye cyane kuzamura Rubanda rugufi kandi koko baruvanye habi, ababyirutse nyuma y'iyo myaka babaye abakomunisti bakabije (fanatiques/extremistes n'ubu kandi mu bihugu bimwe byo mu Buraya bw'i Burasirazuba ishyaka rya gikomunisti riracyafite majorite), ubwami buribagirana burundu. Ubu rero kugirango Umwami wa Bulgariya agaruke mu gihugu abaturage bamutorere kubayobora,nuko bamukundaga kandi bamushimiye ubushobozi bwe kandi byabahaye uburenganzira bwabo bwo gushyiraho umutegetsi bishakiye.
Mui bibazo bimwe uyu mwanditsi yanditse byabajijwe n'abadakunda Umwami, ngo bashaka kumenya imhamvu Abami b'u Rwanda batumvikanye n'Ababirigi kugirango mu gihugu habe amahoro. Abavuga batyo barigiza nkana gusa cyangwase ntabwo bazi amateka n'amatwara ya gikoloni. Nta kuntu Abami bacu bari kumvikana n'Abakoloni kuko mu bihugu byose byakolonijwe ntaho byabaye, ahari uretse Kayibanda gusa kandi dore aho yasize uRwanda. Abazungu bari baje gukoloniza ibihugu bibwiraga ko bazabitegeka iteka ryose, bakaba rero batari kwihanganira umurwanashyaka uwo ariwe wese wageragezaga kubohoza igihugu cye abavana amata mu kanwa.Kuvuga ngo abakolonijwe bazumvikane n'ababakolonije byari nko kuvuga ngo imbeba n'injangwe bazunvikane! Ababirigi mu Rwanda rero bari bazi neza ko batigeze bemerwa na Musinga, Rudahihgwa na Kigeri, bakavuga ndetse ko hariho amadossiers yabo agifungiye mu Bubirigi (classified), u Rwanda rwari rukwiye gusaba agashyirwa ahagaragara nkuko aya Lumumba bayafunguye, rubanda tukamenya aho ukuri guherereye.
Ikindi kibazo bamwe babajije ni uko ngo Kigeri atafashije abafashe intwaro zo kubohoza igihugu cye,bakabona ko yatereranye ingabo ze. Mu butumwa Kigeri yanyujije kuri za radio no mu matangazo na za interviews yatanze, yavuze ko atigeze agambirira gusubira ku ngoma akoresheje intambara. U Rwanda ni urugo rw'Umwami kandi Abanyarwanda ni abana be, Kigeri akaba rero yaranze kujya kwisenyera no kwica abana be, nubwo bamwe babaye ibigoryi bakica abavandimwe babo abandi bakabaheza ishyanga. Abo bana bavukiye mu buhunzi babonye ko nta kundi bazasubira iwabo niko gufata za Kamaramhaka uRwanda bararubohoza, bararutaha kandi Kigeri ntiyari kubatangira.
Nkurikije inyandiko nyinshi mbona zivuga ku bakunda Umwami cyangwase abatamushaka, bigaragara ko umugabane munini mu batamushaka babiterwa nuko batamuzi. Kigeri amaze imyaka irenga 40 avuye mu Rwanda,bikavuga rero ko abatararenza iyo myaka uretse bacye bahungiye i Bugande no muri Kenya, abandi Kigeri ni ukumwumva gusa, bamubwirwa n'ingoma za Kayibanda na Habyarimana na za media zibeshya, cyangwase ku byo bumvaga mu Banyarwanda bihaye kwanga Kigeri kubera imhamvu n'inyungu zabo bwite.Muri abo bose bashutswe batyo nanjye nari mbarimo kugeza umunsi umwe nahuriye na Kigeri i Nairobi muri 1990. Ubwo nari mu ruzinduko i Bugande, ngarutse mara iminsi mike iNairobi nuko nyarukira kuri UNHCR kureba uko imhunzi zacu zari zifashwe, ninjiye mu biro by'umwe mu bakuru baho, nkicara Kigeri aba atungutse mu muryango, mbonye ukuntu bamwakira nka Chef d'etat ndumirwa. Ubwo naramutegereje asohoste turaramukanya, tuvanayo tumarana nk'iminota 20,mhava anyemeje mu buryo buhagije ko ibyo nari naramwumviseho byose byari amahomvu gusa nta shingiro na rimwe byari bifite.
Ku bwanjye ku giti cyanjye bamwe bajya bambaza bati umuntu nka Ntaganzwa w'umuprogressiste,gauchiste,umuhakanyi,umwemera bike,abandi bakananyita umukomunisti nubwo ntigeze ninjira mw'ishyaka rya gikomunisti, ashobora ate gushyigikira ingoma ya cyami mu Rwanda?? Imhamvu ebyiri z'ingezi zishyigikira Umwami Kigeri cyangwase ubwami mu Rwanda,nuko kimwe n'ibindi bihugu bitegekwa cyangwase byahanzwe n'abami, ubwami bwabaye kandi buranga umuco karande/gakondo y'igihugu,kandi natwe mu Rwanda Umwami niwe uhagarikiye/representant/symbole y'umuco (heritage?) wacu wa Kinyarwanda. Ikindi nuko Kigeri yavanyweho n'ababeberu bari bakolonije igihugu cyacu, ubu rero baraneshejwe,gusubiza Umwami ku ngoma bikazaba intambwe (stage/level) cyangwase urwego ruheruka mu kubohoza uRwanda rwacu burundu.
Kuva muri 1994 aho intambara yarangiriye,hakomeje gusabwa ko hajyaho commission yiga ikibazo cy'Umwami Kigeri ngo isuzume ibibazo biriho byamubuza cyangwase byamwemerera gusubira ku ngoma.Kugeza ubu rero iyo commission ntiyigeze ijyaho, kuko uko bigaragara nta bibazo byagaragaye byakwigwa n'iyo commission,igisigaye gusa kikaba gutegura igihe n'uburyo Kigeri azasubira ku ngoma y'uRwanda.
Mugire Umwami.
Ntaganzwa
New York, 9 April 2003


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Laetitia Dukundimana ati:” nsohoye indi ndirimbo nshyashya kuko ari igihe cyo gukora cyane muri uyu mwaka .
Laetitia Dukundimana Mulumba ni umuririmbyi w’umunyarwanda utuye mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa , akaba aririmba indirimbo zihimbaza Imana.
Uyu muhanzi ni umugore wa Producer Mulumba uzwi ku izina rya( Bill Gates). Umuhanzi Laetitia amaze gushyira hanze indirimbo ye nshyashya yise [ Himbazwa’ ]ariko ubusanzwe azwi cyane ku indirimbo nka Nduburira amaso Utubohore ,Kwizera.
Mukiganiro yagiranye ni ikinyamakuru Isezerano .com ku umurongo wa telephone yatubwiye ko atahisemo kuba umuhanzi ahubwo ko ari ubuntu bw’Imana bwa musanze . Mu magambo ye yagize ati:”ntabwo nahisemo kuba umuhanzi ahubwo n’ubuntu bw’Imana bwansanze aho narindi , mu gihe nari maze kwakira agakiza , ndahamagarwa nanjye kuba umwe mubakorera Imana.
Laetitia yakomeje yemeza ko ibyo yagiye ahabwa bimugaragazaho Umwuka w’Imana ,kandi ko mubintu bimufasha muri uyu murimo harimo no kuririmba ndetse no kuvuga ubutumwa ni ibindi byinshi akorera mu nzu y’Imana.
Abajijwe aho akomora impano yavuze ko atayikomora ku muntu ahubwo ko ari Ubuntu bw’Imana buza ku muntu ku giti ke .
Ati :”n’ubwo umuryango wacu turimo turi Abakristo ,abarokore , abenshi dukorera Imana ndetse dufite n’abandi baba muri korali baririmba ariko ntabwo nakwibaza ko aribo impano yavuyeho .
Laetitia akaba yagarutse cyane ku inzitizi yahuye nazo muri uyu murimo wo kuririmba indirimbo zihimbaza Imana. Ati:” inzitizi ni nyinshi ,iyo umuntu ahagurutse gukorera Imana . Tugira umurimo mwiza , kuko kuririmba ni umurimo wihariye , kuko n’umurimo Satani adakunda kuko n’umurimo yanyazwe .
Iyo Satani amenye amakuru ko uhagurutse uje gukorera Imana , kandi ushyigikiwe n’Imana intambara ni inzitizi ntabwo byabura. Icyangoye kwari kubona aho nkorera indirimbo kuko nibyo byangoye bigatuma ntabasha gusohora ibihangano byinshi, ariko ndashima Imana ko yabikemuye .
Laetitia yavuze ko igihe ari iki cyo gukora cyane akorera Imana , kuko afite ubushobozi kandi umugabo we akaba ariwe uri kumufasha gukora indirimbo .
Yasoje asaba abakunzi be ndetse n’abanyarwanda kwitegura ibikorwa bye byinshi muri uyu mwaka . kandi ko mu minsi micye amashusho y’iyi ndirimbo nshyashya [Himbazwa] azaba yageze hanze.
Umunyamakuru wa Isezerano.com , kuva mu mwaka 2016.
Yize itangazamakuru n’itumanaho (Journalism and Communication) muri Institut Catholique de Kabgayi (ICK).
Afite impamyabushobozi muri (Office Administration and Management) muri Kaminuza y’ u Rwanda (UR) .
Amaze imyaka 8 mu mwuga w’itangazamakuru .

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Uyu muherwe wamaze imyaka myinshi ari uwa mbere ku isi avuga ko buri muntu yagakwiye guha akazi abakozi b’abanebwe ndetse kuri we ngo iyo yamaze kumenya ko uri umunebwe mu mibereho yawe ahita aguha akazi ndetse burigihe akajya akugenera inshingano zikomeye cyane mukazi.
Ku isi abantu benshi usanga niba ukunda gukererwa cyane bakwita umunebwe, niba ukunda kuryama cyane bakakwita umunebwe ndetse abantu bakareba wa muntu ubyukira muri za siporo nyinshi bakavuga ko ati ntureba umuntu utari umunebwe. Sibyo gusa hari abantu kandi bakunda gufata ibiri hafi yabo mbese ugasanga badashaka ikintu kibagora, ariko se mu by’ukuri ibi byagakwiye kwitwa ubunebwe cyangwa ahubwo nayandi mahirwe?
Nyamara uko imiterere y’isi igenda ihinduka ikoranabuhanga rikaza, kuri ubu bivugwa ko abitwa abanebwe aribo bashobora kuzashobora kuba kuriyi si biboroheye, nukubera ko mu isi turimo y’ikoranabuhanga hadakenewe gukora cyane ngo ubeho, ahubwo hakenewe gukoresha ubwenge bwinshi, kuko nubundi birangira harebwe umusaruro byatanze ntiharebwa ingufu zakoreshejwe. Kubwa Bill Gates we yemera ko abanebwe bakora akazi neza kuko umunebwe iyo umuhaye akazi gakomeye kandi abizi neza ko kamureba agerageza inzira zose za hafi zishoboka ngo asoze akazi ke vuba hashoboka.
Kubwa Bill Gates rero ngo uramutse ukoze ibyo yagusabye icyo areba nuko wabikoze neza, ntabwo areba ko wabinyujije mu nzira zateganyijwe, Gates rero we yemera ko niba wumva ufite ubunebwe uba ukeneye kuruhuka bihagije kandi kuruhuka ningombwa mukazi kose ndetse ko niyo uri kuruhuka bituma utekereza neza.


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Rugamba yavutse mu mwaka w’ 1935 i Karama ahahoze ari muri komini ya Karama ku Gikongoro ubu ni mu Ntara y’ Amagepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe. Rugamba yize amashuri abanza muri paruwasi ya Cyanika, ayisumbuye ayiga muri Seminari nto ya Kabgayi, akomereza muri Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda. Yaje kujya muri Kaminuza ya Bujumbura aharangiriza icyiciro cya mbere cy’amashuri makuru.
Icya kabiri yakirangirije muri Kaminuza y’i Luve ho mu Bubiligi, ahavana impamyabushobozi ihanitse mu mateka. Rugamba yaje gukunda umukobwa witwa Mukangiro Saverina akaba yaramuhimbiye imitoma myinshi amurata imico n’ uburanga.
Uretse ko uyu mukobwa yaje kwicwa aroshywe mu mazi mu 1963, ibi bikaba byaramubabaje cyane, ariko yaje kwishumbusha undi witwaga Mukansanga Daforoza wari ubereye nyina wabo wa wundi wa mbere. Ni kuri izo ncuti ze ebyiri Rugamba yatangiriyeho guhimba ibisigo, twavugamo nk’ibyitwa Amibukiro, Cyuzuzo n’ ibindi byinshi.
Rugamba yari umuhanzi akaba n’ umusizi ukomeye dore ko azwi cyane muri bimwe mu bihangano bye harimo Amibukiro, Cyuzuzo, Umusogongero n’ izindi ndirimbo nyinshi zikubiye mu bitabo by’ indirimbo yagiye yandika.
Uyu mugabo kandi yashinze Itorero Amasimbi n’ Amakombe ryaririmbye indirimbo zisingiza Nyagasani ndetse zinigisha ku buzima busanzwe kugeza n’ubu rikaba rigihimba indirimbo zisingiza Nyagasani. Rugamba yaje gutabaruka azize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, akaba yari umuhanzi w’ indirimbo kurusha uko yari umusizi.
Ubu yibukwa nk’ umuntu wateje imbere ubuvanganzo nyarwanda ndetse akanafasha abakiri bato kumenya uko ururimi rwacu rwubakwa. Si ibyo gusa, kuko Kiliziya Gatolika n’ abandi bakristu yabasigiye ibihangano by’ indirimbo zisingiza Nyagasani zirimo ubuhanga buhanitse.


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Aba baturage bari bamaze igihe kirekire basaba ko bagezwaho amazi nk’abandi ariko baza kubwirwa na WASAC ko kuyabaha bitoroshye kuko amatiyo yayabagezaho ari mato kandi byasaba ingengo y’imari itaboneka mu gihe gito.
Nyuma yo kubwirwa ko bihenze, aba baturage bishatsemo ibisubizo bakusanya amafaranga yo kugura ibikoresho ndetse biragurwa nyuma batungurwa n’uko amazi yaje ijoro rimwe.
Uhagarariye aba baturage mu kiganiro yagiranye na Radio1, yavuze ko bakoze iyo bwabaga bakusanya amafaranga kugira ngo bahabwe amazi kuko hari haciye igihe. Buri rugo rwishyuye 18 500Frw ngo hakorwe imiyoboro.
Yagize ati “Kubera umubabaro twari dufite twarababwiye ngo badukorere ibikenewe twishyire hamwe turebe ko twabikemura, babidushyiriremo tubone amazi.”
“Aho tugiriye igitekerezo cyo kugura amatiyo turikusanya buri wese atanga 18 500Frw, kongeraho na 5000 Frw byo kugira ngo amazi agere mu rugo rwawe. Turayatanga batuzanira amatiyo.”
Yakomeje avuga ko amazi bayahawe ijoro rimwe none hashize igihe batarongera kuyabona.
Ati “Iryo joro amazi yaraje nyuma yaryo ubu hashize amezi atatu nta n’igitonyanga turongera kubona.”
Nyuma yo kumara igihe nta mazi bafite, ikibazo cyabo bakigejeje ku nzego zitandukanye no ku mukozi ushinzwe gukwirakwiza amazi ku rwego rw’igihugu muri WASAC, basaba ko byibuze nabo basaranganwa amazi niyo atajya aza buri gihe ariko bakayabona.
Umwe ati “Twahamagaye ushinzwe gutanga amazi ku rwego rw’Igihugu aratwiba ngo azaza aharebe turamwibutsa ntibyagira icyo bitanga, twongeye aratubwira ngo ari kumwe n’umuyobozi wa WASAC Rubavu aramuduha ahita atubwira ngo ejo muzabona amazi turarindira turaheba.”
“Icyifuzo cyacu cya mbere niba habayeho isaranganya ry’amazi natwe batwibuke, niyo bayaduha iminsi ibiri gusa mu cyumweru yadufasha tukamenya ukuntu tubika amazi icyumweru cyose.”
Ku ruhande rw’Umuyobozi wa WASAC ishami rya Rubavu, Murindabigwi Gilbert, avuga ko iki kibazo atari akizi.
Yavuze ko aka gace kagiye gusurwa, ikibazo cyako kigasuzumwa kuko hatagoye kugezwa amazi.
Yagize ati “Mbimenye rwose nabikurikirana ntabwo natinda kujyayo, icyo twababwira tugiye kohereza umutekinisiye ajye kureba uko bimeze n’icya korwa ngo bikorwe. Nitumara kubona ibikenewe turakora ibishoboka tuyabagezeho.”
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yihaye intego y’uko mu 2024 abaturage bazaba bafite amazi meza ku kigero cya 100%.
source : https://ift.tt/3EkAZIr


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Icyo Bibiliya ibivugaho
Dukurikije uko igitabo cya nyuma cya Bibiliya kibivuga, 666 ni umubare cyangwa izina by’inyamaswa y’inkazi y’imitwe irindwi n’amahembe icumi izamuka iva mu nyanja( Ibyahishuwe13:1’17;18).
Iyo nyamaswa ishushanya ubutegetsi bwa politiki bw’isi yose, butegeka “abantu bo mu miryango yose n’amoko yose n’indimi zose n’amahanga yose” (Ibyahishuwe 13:7). Izina 666 rigaragaza ko ubutegetsi bwa politiki bwatsinzwe mu buryo bukabije, dukurikije uko Imana ibibona. Mu buhe buryo?
Si izina gusa. Imana yita amazina afite icyo asobanura. Urugero, umukurambere Aburamu, bisobanurwa ngo “umubyeyi washyizwe hejuru,” Imana yamwise Aburahamu, bisobanurwa ngo “se w’amahanga menshi.” Yamwise iryo zina igihe yamusezeranyaga ko yari kumugira “sekuruza w’amahanga menshi” (Itangiriro 17:5). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Imana yise iyo nyamaswa y’inkazi 666 ishaka kugaragaza ibiyiranga.
Umubare gatandatu ugaragaza kudatungana. Muri Bibiliya, akenshi imibare ikoreshwa ifite icyo ishushanya. Urugero nk’umubare karindwi, ushushanya ikintu gitunganye cyangwa cyuzuye. Umubare gatandatu, ni ukuvuga karindwi iburaho rimwe, ushobora kumvikanisha ikintu kituzuye cyangwa gifite inenge mu maso y’Imana, ndetse ushobora no gukoreshwa ushushanya abanzi b’Imana. 1ibyo ku ngoma 20:6 .
Wasubiwemo gatatu mu buryo bwo gutsindagiriza. Hari igihe Bibiliya isubiramo ikintu incuro eshatu mu buryo bwo gutsindagiriza (ibyahishuwe 4:8, 8:13) Bityo rero, izina 666 ritsindagiriza ko Imana ibona ko ubutegetsi bw’abantu bwananiwe kugera ku ntego. Ubwo butegetsi bwananiwe kuzana amahoro n’umutekano birambye. Ubwami bw’Imana ni bwo bwonyine buzabishobora.
Ikimenyetso cy’inyamaswa
Bibiliya ivuga ko abantu bahabwa “ikimenyetso cya ya nyamaswa y’inkazi” kuko bayikurikira ‘bayitangariye cyane’ bikagera n’aho bayiramya .Ibyo babikora basa n’aho basenga igihugu cyabo, ibirango byacyo cyangwa ubutwari bw’ingabo zacyo. Hari igitabo cyagize kiti “muri iki gihe usanga umwuka wo gukunda igihugu mu buryo bukabije ari bwo buryo bwo gusenga bugezweho.” —The Encyclopedia of Religion.
Ni mu buhe buryo ikimenyetso cy’inyamaswa gishyirwa mu ruhanga rw’umuntu no mu kiganza cy’iburyo (Ibyahishuwe 13:16)? Igihe Imana yahaga Abisirayeli amategeko, yarababwiye iti “muyahambire ku kuboko ababere nk’ikimenyetso, kandi azababere nk’agashumi kambarwa mu ruhanga” Ibyo ntibyashakaga kuvuga ko Abisirayeli bayashyira mu ruhanga cyangwa ku kiganza gisanzwe, ahubwo byasobanuraga ko amagambo y’Imana yagombaga kuyobora ibitekerezo byabo n’ibyo bakoraga byose.
Mu buryo nk’ubwo, aho kugira ngo twumve ko umubare 666 ugomba gufatwa uko wakabaye kandi ko bawushyira ku muntu nk’uko bamucaho imanzi, uwo mubare w’inyamaswa mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo ushushanya abantu bemera ko politiki igenga ubuzima bwabo. Abantu bafite icyo kimenyetso cy’inyamaswa, bihindura abanzi b’Imana.
Source :jw.org
Umunyamakuru wa Isezerano.com , kuva mu mwaka 2016.
Yize itangazamakuru n’itumanaho (Journalism and Communication) muri Institut Catholique de Kabgayi (ICK).
Afite impamyabushobozi muri (Office Administration and Management) muri Kaminuza y’ u Rwanda (UR) .
Amaze imyaka 8 mu mwuga w’itangazamakuru .


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Witekereza ko ari umwanya muto: umva ubushobozi buhambaye bw’umwuka duhumeka, umwuka ibinyabuzima byose bikenera, bibura bigapfa.
Imyuka yo mukirere igizwe na Nitrogen ifata 78.09%, Oxygen ifata 20.95%, Argon ifata 0.93%, na carbon dioxide igize 0.04%, ahasigaye aba ari indi myuka itandukanye. Nubwo Oxygen, umwuka duhumeka, atariwo ufite akamaro kanini. Iyo Oxygen itabaho: ibimera, inyamaswa, amazi ndetse natwe abantu ntitwari kuba turiho. Kuba uri gusoma iyi nkuru kuri Menyabyinshi.com, ubikesha Oxygen uhumeka.
Reka turebe, uko byagenda oxygen iramutse ibuze mu gihe cya amasegonda 5:
Nubwo amasegonda 5 ari make, ariko uyu mwuka duhumeka ubuze ahantu hose, yaba ari impera y’ubuzima. Ni ibyagaciro ko dufite Oxygen, ni iby’agaciro ko uri kuyihumeka.
Umushoferi w’indege warokokeye muri Bermuda Triangle, avuga ibidasanzwe y’aboneye muri ako gace k’amateka. Biroroshye ko wahakana inyandiko, ariko biragoye guhakanya umuntu uriho. Kanda kuri Link urebe unamenye akaga yahuye nako. Niba uri mushya, kanda Subscribe kuri YouTube Channel yacu Menya TV, ugume kuruhande rukungura ubwenge buri munsi.


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Tumaze iminsi dusoma ibijyanye n’amateka yaranze u Rwanda, cyane cyane chapitre ya coup d’etat yo muri 1973. Iyi coup d’etat niyo yabaye nyirabayazana w’inzika zabaye hagati y’Abiswe Abanyenduga n’abiswe Abakiga. Nyuma yayo, ibyiza by’igihugu byinshi byikubiwe n’abantu bakomokaga mu turere twa Gisenyi na Ruhengeri cyangwa rimwe na rimwe Byumba. Ibi byatumye mu by’ukuri Abanyarwanda batumva ko bafite uruhare rungana ku gihugu ku buryo byagize ingaruka mu gihe cy’intambara yatangijwe n’inkotanyi mu kwezi kwa 10 umwaka wa 1990.
Byageze aho abanyenduga bamwe bumva ko urugamba rugomba kurwanwa n’abakiga ngo kuko ari bo bari bafite ibyo barwanira! Abasirikare bamwe batorokaga urugamba bakisangira Inkotanyi mu gihe abenshi mu bakiga bo bumvaga koko igihugu bagomba kukitangira kugeza kuwa nyuma. Muri politiki abanyenduga cg abiswe abanyenduga nibo babaye aba mbere mu gushinga amashyaka arwanya leta ndetse afatanya na FPR mu gushegesha Habyarimana. Twagiramungu Faustin yabyukije MDR (ariko iza ari pirate), Mugenzi Justi afatanyije na Lando basinga PL, PSD ntawe utari uyizi ko yari igizwe n’abanyabutare benshi, Nayinzira Jean Nepomuscene niwe munya gisenyi wenyine washinze ishyaka rirwanya Leta.
Nyuma yaho gatoya ikibazo cyaje gusa n’aho ari abahutu barwana n’abatutsi ariko byari byaratinze, FPR imaze kwemerwa no gushyigikirwa.
Kudasesengura iki kibazo bishobora gutuma dupfobya amasomo akubiyemo maze ejo bundi hagora urundi rugamba ruba ngombwa ugasanga abantu bakomeje ibyo byumviro. Ntawe ushobora gukira igisebe atavuye!
Ubwanditsi.
Parution: Tuesday 19 August 2014, 21:31
Par:Jean de Dieu MUSEMAKWELI
Iyo umuntu yiyemeje gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu, ntibihagije kuba abyifuza cyangwa afite impamvu ze bwite. Hagomba kuboneka n’izindi mpamvu zituma abantu bibwira ko ingoma ivuyeho yagombaga guhirima koko. Abakoze kudeta mu Rwanda mu w’1973 basanze guteza umutekano muke mu gihugu aribyo byatuma amahanga ndetse n’Abanyarwanda bavuga ko ingoma ya Kayibanda yari inaniwe. Nibwo rero muri Gashyantare 1973 boheje insoresore ngo zirukane Abatutsi mu mashuri yisumbuye n’amakuru ndetse no mu kazi, haba mu biro no mu bigo bya leta cyangwa iby’abikorera ku giti cyabo. Abantu bazi gushishoza bahereyeko babona ko iyo “muyaga” itewe n’abantu bashaka kwifatira ubutegetsi. Hari ibitabo byinshi byagize icyo bivuga kuri iyo “muyaga”. Nyuma y’ubushishozi n’ubushakashatsi bwimbitse, byose bihuriza kuri iyo ngingo. Icyanyuma nasomye kibihamya nta shiti ni icya Bwana Pierre-Célestin Kabanda cyitwa, Rwanda. L’idéal des pionniers. Les hommes qui ont fait la différence, Ed. Sources du Nil, Lille, 2012, pp.275-277.
Hari abantu badakeneye gusoma ibyo bitabo kugirango bamenye icyateye umutekano muke mu Rwanda mbere ya kudeta yo ku wa 5 Nyakanga 1973. Impamvu ni uko biboneye n’amaso yabo ba nyirabayazana, bakagerageza kuvugana nabo kugirango bisubireho. Bavuganye kandi n’abo iyo nkubiri yari igamije guhitana (ingoma ya Kayibanda), barababurira ; ariko abandi ntibabyitaho. Negereye umwe muri abo bantu, ambwirana agahinda kenshi ukuntu ibintu byagenze, n’ukuntu ubwe nawe yari apfuye Imana igakinga akaboko, maze agakizwa n’amaguru. Ntabwo yifuje ko natangaza amazina ye, niyo mpamvu mpisemo kumwita “Viateur (Viyatori) Nzaramba”, avuka mu cyahoze ari perfegitura ya Gitarama. Yarangije ishuri rikuru rya gisirikari mu w’1972. Muri 73 yari i Kigali, afite ipeti rya Suliyetona, akora mu bwubatsi bw’ibigo bya gisirikari n’ubw’amazu y’abasirikari, cyane cyane abakuru (officiers). Yakoraga mu cyitwa mu gifaransa “Bâtiment militaire”.
Imvururu zashojwe n’abashakaga kwifatira ubutegetsi
Yarambwiye ati : “Imvururu zabaye muri 1973 kuzishyira kuri perezida Grégoire Kayibanda ni ikinyoma cyambaye ubusa. Muri 1973 nari umusirikari mukuru (officier) nkora mu ubuwubatsi bwa gisirikari (Compagnie des Bâtiments Militaires -BM) i Kanombe. Twakoreshaga abakozi b’ abasivili benshi aho twubakishaga amazu mu bigo bya gisirikare mu gihugu cyose. Nari nshinzwe kubakisha (chantiers) mu bigo bya Kigali, Bugesera (abasirikari), Bugesera (urubyiruko), Gabiro, Byumba na Butare. Ahandi, imirimo y’ubwubatsi yari iyobowe na Kapiteni Mutabazi na Liyetona Rwabakika bubakisha tuvuge nk’ikigo cy’abapolisi cyo ku Kacyiru.
Imvururu zatangiriye mu bigo by’amashuri, bifata abakozi ba gisivili bo mu bigo bya gisirikari (Main d’oeuvre civile – MOC), bifata ibigo bya Leta, kuri za ministeri bamanika amalisti ariho amazina y’Abatutsi ngo be kongera kuhinjira.
Reka mpere ku bindeba aho nari mu bigo bya gisirikare. Nazindukiye ku kazi, nyura ku iperu mu kigo cy’i Kanombe (Base). Tumaze kuzamura ibendera, nagiye mu ibarizo, nsanga akazi kahagaze kubera ko umukuru waryo (Kapita, chef charpentier) n’umwungirije, abakozi babiri kuri bane bakoreshaga amamashini abaza batari baje ku kazi. Aho basudiraga ibyuma (atelier soudure) naho byari uko. Ubwo poromiye serija (Ier Sergent) Serugendo nawe aba araje. Ku nyubako z’i Kanombe yari yungirije Liyetona Rwabakika wo mu Ruhengeri. Ati “ Akazi ko kubaka kahagaze, Kapita n’abafundi bababujije kwinjira mu kigo”. Liyetona Rwabakika na Kapiteni Mutabazi barambwira ngo nimbyihorere.
Nafashe ikamyo ipakiye isima njya ku kigo cya Kigali, nsanga naho ni uko, ngo nta Mututsi ugomba kugaruka ku kazi ; kandi abo bose bakoreshwaga na Ministeri y’ingabo z’igihugu n’abapoloisi. Nagiye aho abasirikari bakuru bicira akanyota (Messe officiers) i Kigali, ntelefona umukuru (Commandant) w’iby’ubwubatsi bwa gisirikari (Compagnie Bâtiments militaires) i Kanombe, umuzungu witwaga Kapiteni Badou, musaba amabwiriza, ati “nanjye byanyobeye, Kapiteni Mutabazi wo ku Gisenyi yavuze ko amabwiriza yavuye hejuru, ko ari ibirebana n’umutekano, kandi ko tutabyivangamo”. Yangiriye inama ko njya kubaza Lizinde wari ushinzwe kwiga imishinga (chef du Bureau d’Etude) muri ministeri y’Ingabo , ko ari byo Kapiteni Mutabazi abwiye Kapiteni Badou. Nagiye kuri ministeri, Lizinde aranyakira, mubwiye ko akazi kahagaze, ko ntumva icyo abo Batutsi bazira, ati : « Ceceka, si wowe ushinzwe umutekano w’igihugu. Mushake Abahutu mubashyire muri iyo myanya Abatutsi bari bafite, niba ntabo mubatoze(formez-les) ».
Ntawe utazi amateka ya Lizinde n’uruhare yagize muri kudeta yo mu w’1973. Mpereye ku mvugo no ku buryo Liyetona Rwabakika, Kapiteni Mutabazi, na poromiye Serija (IerSergent) Serugendo bitwaye, bose ni Abakiga kandi bari babizi, nahereyeko numva ko hari ikintu. Kubona na poromiye Serija (Ier Sergent) w’umukiga yari azi iyo gahunda yo kwirukana abakozi b’Abatutsi mu bigo bya gisirikare, njyewe w’umunyagitarama, umusirikari mukuru (officier) ntabizi, ari njye wari ufite henshi nubakisha, naza ngasanga abakozi barahagaritswe ntabizi, Lizinde ati “si wowe ushinzwe umutekano w’igihugu!” None se Serugendo wari ubizi ni we wari uwushinzwe ? Cyangwa ni uko yari mu kabanga k’abateguye izo mvururu we na Kapitene Mutabazi na Liyetona Rwabakika?
Mu mashuri : muri koleji ya Mutagatifu Andereya i Nyamirambo, nagiyeyo mpurujwe na Padiri Goffinet wayoboraga icyo kigo, ko murumuna wanjye DD nawe ari uwambere ku rutonde rw’abo komite (comité) y’abanyeshuri yirukanye, akanga kugenda, akaba yahungiye mu biro by’umuyobozi (Directeur) ko ariho bamukingiranye ngo abanyeshuri batamwica. Niba imvururu zarashojwe na Kayibanda, kuki n’Abahutu bakomoka Gitarama birukanwaga, nk’uwo murumuna wanjye bamwirukaniye iki ? Nageze i Nyamirambo nambaye imyenda y’intambara, ntanga gasopo ko Padiri Goffinet agenda akabwira izo mbwa zizana akajagari ko nizikora kuri murumuna wanjye, zishobora kubona ishyano. Padiri Goffinet yambwiye ko yari yatelefonnye ku kigo cy’abapolisi ngo baze bamutabare, bakamubwira ngo niyivuganire n’umuyobozi mukuru w’abapolisi muri ministeri y’ingabo. Uwo yari Majoro Nsekarije. Padiri Goffinet yagiye kwa Nsekarije, Nsekarije amwirukana mu biro bye. Padiri Goffinet yarongeye arambwira ati : “Aka kajagari ni intangiriro za kudeta. Biragaragara ko hari abantu bari gushaka urwitwazo rwo gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu”. None imvururu zitatewe n’abo bishakiraga ubutegetsi,niba njye njyenyine narabashije kugarura agahenge muri Koleji i Nyamirambo, bo bari bashinzwe umutekano w’igihugu, cyarabahaye n’ibyangombwa byose byo kuwubungabunga,kuki ntacyo bakoze ?
Nahavuye ndakaye, nyura kwa Kapiteni Bizimana ndabimubwira, ambwira ko umuzungu w’umusuwisi yabwiye Kayibanda ko abasirikare bategura kudeta, ko bazakoresha n’abacanshuro (mercenaires), avuga n’ahantu (site) abo basirikari n’abo bacanshuro bashobora kuzahurira.
Kudeta yashoboraga kuburizwamo
Ni muri urwo rwego twigeze gukura abasirikare mu kigo cy’i Kanombe, barara amarondo, dushinga ibirindiro (gufata amapozisiyo – positions) dutegereje ka hagira abagerageza kudeta, tukayiburizamo. Kubera ahantu henshi nubakishaga, navuganye na bamwe mu basirikari bo mu bigo bya Kibungo, Mutara, Byumba, Bugesera, Ruhengeri, Kommando Bigogwe, kampanyi yambere, iya kabiri n’iya gatatu z’i Kanombe, ndetse n’abo mu bwubatsi bwa gisirikari, hose biteguye kudukurikira tukaburizamo kudeta.
Ibyo byarakaje cyane Jenerali Majoro Habyarimana, ashinga Majoro Simba Aloys ngo akore itohoza (enquête) amubwire abaraje abasirikare hanze, ngo ntiyumva uko azabagira, ngo nta gihano kiriho azi gikwiranye n’abo bantu. Simba yakoze anketi, ayiha Habyarimana. Njye nemereye Majoro Simba ko nabikoze kandi niteguye kubyongera, nti “ushaka ubutegetsi AZIYAMAMAZE, atorwe n’abaturage, naho uzongera kuzana akajagari, tuzamurwanya”. Nongeyeho ko ntagiye mu gisirikare kugirango murumuna wanjye ye kutiga. Nongeyeho nti “Ese ubundi ari Umuhutu cyangwa Umututsi ni nde Imana yahitishijemo ubwoko avukamo ?” Nahereyeko mvanwa i Kigali igitaraganya, noherezwa mu kindi kigo cya gisirikari mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda. Ikibabaje ni uko Kayibanda yakomeje kuvuga ngo HABYARIMANA ntiyareka Abakiga ngo bakore kudeta !
Kapiteni Bizimana abwiye Kayibanda ko narakajwe n’uko murumuna wanjye bamwirukanye bamubeshyera ngo ni Umututsi, ko ntumva n’icyo abo Batutsi bazira, Kayibanda yaravuze ngo “ese ni njye wakanga Abatutsi, ntikwaba ari ugutuka Verediyana ?” Kayibanda amenye ko Nsekarije yanze kohereza Abapolisi, yavuze ko bagomba kumwirukana, ko n’igipolisi kidahosha imvururu ntacyo kimaze. Niyo mpamvu yasheshe igipolisi, akivanga n’ingabo kugirango byose Habyarimana abitegeke, naho Nsekarije na Kanyarengwe bashyirwaga mu majwi bakajyanwa mu mashuri no mu gutegeka ibyayi. Kayibanda yahereyeko ahamagara Habyarimana, amutegeka kwohereza Ingabo kugarura umutekano mu gihugu. Mu bagiye guhosha imvururu, Kapiteni Maniraguha wo mu Ruhengeri na Suliyetona Nyampame nibo bajyanye ingabo zivuye i Kanombe gufatanya n’ipoloto (peloton) y’i Gitarama guhosha imvururu muri Gitarama.
Aho nari naraciriwe, nakomezaga gukurikira amakuru y’ibibera i Kigali. Icyo nabwiwe mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1973 na Minani Frodouald ni uko Liyetona Niyoyita yari amaze gukora urutonde rw’abasirikari bimuriwe igihe kimwe nanjye. Urwo rutonde rwerekanaga neza cyane ukuntu abasirikari b’abasuzofisiye (Sous-officiers) n’abandi batojwe mu kurwanisha intwaro zisanzwe (armes collectives) bakomoka mu majyepfo y’igihugu bari bavanywe i Kigali na Kanombe, bakoherezwa za Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Ruhengeri, Mutara, Kibungo, babasimbuza abakomoka Gisenyi, Ruhengeri na Byumba. Twasabye kubaza perezida icyo abitekerezaho, kuko iyo bamubwiraga ko hari agatsiko k’Abakiga gategura kudeta, yavugaga ko bidashoboka, kuko Habyarimana ari umwana we buzura kandi yizeye. Twasabaga kandi Minani Frodouald kubaza perezida icyo kuriya kwimura abasirikari byerekanaga, impamvu hari ubwikanyize bwa Gisenyi na Ruhengeri mu buyobozi bw’inzego zose zirebana n’umutekano w’igihugu. Twaravugaga kandi tuti: “ko bigaragara ka Abakiga bategura coup d’Etat, kandi nibayikora, bazica Abanyenduga, uwabatanga twe tukayikora, ntitugire uwo twica, ahubwo bamwe tukabafunga?”
Dore ko Minani yari aturanye na Kayibanda, yadusize muri salo, anyura mu gikari agiye kureba perezida Kayibanda. Yagarutse hashize isaha. Atubwira ko Habyarimana nta rondakarere cyangwa ubwikanyize bwa Gisenyi na Ruhengeri yazanye mu gisirikare, ko ahubwo kubera ko Ababiligi bari bategetse ko Abatutsi bagomba kuba hagati ya 15 na 20 % mu ishuri rikuru rya gisirikari, we na Balthazar Bicamumpaka, na Calliope Mulindahapi bahisemo ko imyanya yari igenewe Abahutu, mu itsinda rya mbere (première promotion) bayiharira Ruhengeri na Gisenyi, kuko mu yandi maperefegitura bitari byoroshye kumenya umuhutu nyawe, ejo batazavaho basanga imyanya y’Abahtutu yaratwawe n’Umututsi dore ko ngo Abatutsi bakundaga gukubagana mu ngo z’abagaragu babo!
Ku bijyanye no kwimura abasirikari, perezida Kayibanda yabwiye Minani ko azahamagara Habyarimana akabimubaza, atabona ibisobanuro akamusaba kubihagarika, dore ko icyo gihe u Rwanda n’u Burundi byarebanaga ay’ingwe.
Ku birebana na kudeta byo Kayibanda yamuteye utwatsi, amubwirako mu basirikari bakuru, Habyarimana ari we ugerageza (ufite “préparation” ihagije) ; ariko akaba atabona impamvu yatuma Habyarimana akora Coup d’Etat. Ati “ Ese ubundi ubutegetsi si we ubufite, si we wampaye Seyanga na Bizimana ngo mbagire ba ministiri, ko njyewe urubyiruko n’amasiporo nashakaga kubishinga Rwagafirita ?” Yaramubwiye ngo atubwire ko n’iyo Abakiga bakora kudeta, we nta maraso ashaka ko tumena ngo turamugarura ku butegetsi, ngo uretse ko n’itegeko nshinga ritamwemerera gukomeza kuyobora igihugu, n’abaganga bakaba baramusabye kuruhuka ; ko kongre itegurwa ariyo izatoranyaumukandida wa MDR uziyamamariza umwanya wa perezida, ikiga ikibazo cy’imvururu zayogoje igihugu, kandi akazasaba kongere gufatira abazishoje ibihano by’intangarugero. Yongeyeho ko Verediana yaba yaravuze ngo “ntakumena amaraso y’abandi Bahutu, Abatutsi bazayamena” ! Ngo dutegereze kongere ibyo byose izabikemura.
“Ntawe urenga nyamunsi”
Ku wa 1 Nyakanga uzi ko kuri stade Nyamirambo basuzuguye perezida Kayibanda izuba riva, nawe ati :“Abashaka gukora kudeta nibayikore, simbitinya”. Nibajije ibyo ari byo, biranyobera. Mfata imodoka mva aho nari naraciriwe, nza i Kigali kureba uko bimeze. Nagiye kwa Kapiteni Bizimana, mpurirayo na Ministiri Frodouald Minani na Kalisa, muramu wa perezida Kayibanda. Mbabaza ibyo nari numviye i Kanombe kuko nahanyuze, ba Liyetona Bikolimana bakambwira bati : “Zana abasirikari ufite mu ….. , tubwire n’abandi basigaye hano mu bacu, maze tuburizemo kudeta bategura kuko ngo bazayikora le 5 Nyakanga”. Ubwo twari le 3 Nyakanga. Bizimana twari turwaniye iwe, kuko nari mvuze ngo “ibya KAYIBANDA tubireke, dukore kudeta, dutange Abakiga”. Kapiteni Bizimana ati : “Ibyo perezida ntabikozwa. Yadutegetse gutegereza kongere ya le 5 Nyakanga, ni yo IZEMEZA cyangwa ikanga umukandida azabasaba gukurikira kuko we ashaka kuruhuka, agakurikirana ishyaka rya MDR ”. Ati “iby’abo Bakiga na kudeta zabo ni akajagari bashoje, kariya gatsiko kazafatirwa ibyemezo muri kongere”. Nti “mujye kumubwira amakuru mvanye i Kanombe ko le 5 Nyakanga hazaba kudeta”. Kapiteni Bizimana yaranze, agezeho ajya yo, agarutse ati : “Avuze ko usubira mu …, ugatanga urugero rwo kumvira”; ngo “bamundezeho ko nabanje no kwanga kujya mu ….”, ngo “le 5 Nyakanga azaha Abanyarwanda bose igisubizo muri kongere, ndetse ko n’iyo iyo kudeta bayikora, we yizeye Habyarimana, ko we adashaka ko hagira amaraso ameneka, nta mirwano ashaka mu ngabo z’igihugu ”. Nahise nsubira mu ….. ariko, nyuze i Kanombe, mbwira Bikorimana na Ajida Habimana ko Kayibanda yategetse ko dutegereza kongere. Bati : “Nutaza, ba Kanyarengwe barakora kudeta kandi nyamara na Habyarimana abirimo”.
Umwanzuro
Abahakana ko imvururu zitateguwe n’Abasilikari b’Abakiga babanze batubwire impamvu mu bigo by’amashuri komite z’abayoboye kariya kajagari zayoborwaga n’Abakiga. Niba ari Grégoire Kayibanda wabiteguye, basobanure ukuntu aho kugira ngo abe arinjye amenyesha iyo gahunda ku birebana n’abakozi b’Abatutsi mu bwubatsi bwa gisirikari, ko nagendaga kwa Kayibanda, kuki atabimenyesheje ? Yarandenze maze ajya kubimenyesha Kapiteni Mutabazi wo ku Gisenyi, Liyetona Rwabakika wo mu Ruhengeri, na poromiye Serija Serugendo batagenda iwe ?
Muri icyo gihe inama (Congrès) za MDR zarimo zitegurwa. Turi aho abasirikari bakuru biyakirira (Mess Officiers) i Kanombe, twaganiriye uko inzego z’ishyaka ziri kwiga urutonde rw’abashobora gusimbura Kayibanda. Frodouald Minani yacecekesheje umuntu wari uvuze ngo “ariko ubundi kuki KAYIBANDA atakomeza”, ngo “abo bose bashaka gusimbura Kayibanda ni abanyerari”, amubwira ko “revolisiyo ya rubanda yaciye ingoma ya cyami, nta butegetsi karande kandi ko na nyirubwite azabyibwirira Congrès”. Ku bwanjye (ni Sulieyetona Viateur Nzaramba ukomeje kuvuga) nabonaga Frodouald Minani ari we wari ubukwiye. Kuri jye, niyo mpamvu abakoze kudeta barigitishije disikuru Kayibanda yari kuvugira muri kongere yari iteganijwe le 05 juillet 1973, kuko igiye ahagaragara bamwara.
Tugaruke ku bya Lizinde wagize ati : “Si wowe ushinzwe umutekano w’igihugu”. Ubundi mu gihugu hari ibyo bita ministeri z’ubusugire bw’igihugu (ministères de souveraineté), ari zo :
1.Ububanyi n’amahanga (Affaires Etrangères, diplomatie).
2. Ubutegetsi bw’igihugu (Interieur)
3. Kurinda ubusugire bw’igihugu (Défense)
4. Imali y’igihugu (Finances)
Abashinzwe umutekano ni Ministeri 2 : iy’Ingabo n’iy’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu. Izo ministeri zitegeka ingabo, abapolisi n’inzego z’iperereza (sûreté) zikoreshwa muri ako kazi ko kubungabunga umutekano n’ubusugire bw’igihugu. Mu w’1973 Ingabo, Abaplosi n’inzego z’iperereza byose byari muri Ministeri y’Ingabo. Habyarimana ni we wari ministiri, umugaba mukuru w’Ingabo n’abapolisi.Umuyobozi mukuru w’abapolisi (Directeur géneral de la police) yari Majoro Nsekarije (Gisenyi), umuyobozi mukuru w’iperereza yari liyetona Koloneli Kanyarengwe (Ruhengeri), naho Komanda Lizinde (Gisenyi) akaba umuyobozi w’ibiro by’imishinga n’izindi gahunda (Bureau Etude et Programme). Abo bagabo ni bo bari bashinzwe iperereza no kurinda umutekano. Imvururu zabaye babizi, barabirebera, barareka ziraba. Umuyobozi wa Koleji ya Mutagatifu Andereya yitabaje Abapolisi, Nsekarije ababuza gutabara, nabivuze. Abo bose ni Abakiga, bakoze kudeta bitwaje ziriya mvururu, baburizamo kongere ya MDR yagombaga gutoranya umukandida wari kuziyamamariza umwanya w’umukuru w’igihugu, igasuzuma na kiriya kibazo cy’imvururu zabaye. Bakoze kudeta, bariya bagabo ni bo bafashe imyanya ikomeye :
1.Habyarimana : Umukuru w’igihugu, perezida wa Komite y’ubumwe n’amahoro, ministiri w’ingabo, n’umugaba mukuru wazo.
2. Kanyarengwe : Ministiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu n’abakozi ba Leta (ministeri 2).
3. NSEKARIJE : Ububanyi n’amahanga.
4. LIZINDE = Umuyobozi mukuru w’iperereza.
Uwavuga ko bariya bagabo bane, hamwe na bagenzi babo bashoje imvururu mu gihugu kugirango babyitwaze bakore kudeta, bamara kuyikora bagasibanganya ibimenyetso, bakica Abanyagitarama, bakabubikaho urusyo ngo bari bagiye kuroha Urwanda, ngo Kayibanda yari agiye guhindura itegeko nshinga kugirango ahame ku ubutegetsi, ntiyaba yibeshye. Ikindi kandi, bamwe Badatana bo ku wa 5 Nyakanga (Camarades du 5 juillet) baracyariho : Koloneli Serubuga, Koloneli Gahimano, Koloneli Ntibitura n’anandi. Bakwiye kugira icyo babivugaho.
BIRACYAZA….
Jean de Dieu Musemakweli


text:
Inyigisho yo kuwa kabiri w’icya VI cya Pasika.
Amasomo: Intu 16,22-34; Yh16,5-11
Yezu Kristu naganze iteka.
Mu minsi mikeya turaba twizihiza umunsi Mukuru wa Pentekositi, umunsi Umuvugizi ari we Roho Mutagatifu, yasesekaye mu mitima y’intumwa n’abemeye kwakira umukiro dukesha Yezu Kirisitu, wemeye kubabara, gupfa nyuma akazuka, ngo twebwe inyoko muntu tubone Umukiro Imana yageneye abayo. Ni uko akatugira abagenerwamurage hamwe na We.
Mu nyigisho rero Yezu yagejeje ku be mbere yo kutwitangira, yababwiye ko ari ngombwa kugenda agasanga Uwamutumye. Naho bo bagakomeza umurimo yatangiye, wo kugeza ku isi yose Inkuru Nziza. Ibyo yabibabwiye nyuma yo kuzuka no gusanga Se muri aya magambo: “Nimungende mwigishe amahanga yose, mubabatize mu izina ry’Imana Data na Mwana na Roho Mutagatifu, mubatoze gukurikiza ibyo nababwiye byose” (Mt 28,19-20)
Mu ivanjili ya none, Yezu arahishurira abe ko aramutse atagiye, Umuvugizi Roho Mutagatifu atazigera abazamo, bityo ubutumwa bwabo bukaba butakeze imbuto kandi ngo bugere ku isi yose, kuko ari we uzabibutsa ibyo yababwiye byose, akabarengera kandi akabayobora mu kuri kose. Uwo Roho Mutagatifu, tumuhabwa mu masakaramentu, ariko ku buryo bw’umwihariko, mu Isakaramentu ry’Ugukomezwa, rimwe ritugira abahamya n’intumwa za Kristu muri bagenzi bacu. Ni gombwa rero guhora twiziritse kuri Roho Umuvugizi, kugira ngo tubashe gukora icyo Imana ishaka mu buzima bwacu. Ni we umurikira ukwemera kwacu kugakomera, ntitugamburuzwe n’ibitotezo cyangwa ibigeragezo, atumara ubwoba akaduha amahoro isi idashobora kuduha no kutwambura.
Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa twiyumviye uko abayobowe na Roho Mutagatifu abayobora mu kuri, ntibakangishwe ibitotezo, cyangwa ngo baterwe ubwoba n’ibihita byose. Bahorana ibakwe n’ububasha bibafasha gukomeza abandi mu kwemera ndetse no kumenyesha abandi inzira igeza ku mukiro nyawo.
Twiyumviye ibyashyitse kuri Pawulo na Silasi, ubwo bajyaga aho rubanda yasengeraga, bakirukana roho mbi, yari yaribasiye umukobwa wari umuja, ba shebuja bariragaho kuko iyo roho mbi yamuteraga kuvuga ibintu bizaba. Ibyo byatumaga rero abo yakoreraga bigwizaho ubukungu buvuye mu byavugwaga na roho mbi yari muri uwo mukobwa. Kuko umuja nta jambo yagiraga, ibyo ahawe byegukanaga abamukoresha. Bari baramugize igicuruzwa cyunguka nta gishoro. Burya rero ingoma y’ikibi ntimara kabiri, uwo mukobwa akibona Pawulo na Silasi ya roho mbi, yabonye ko ibyayo birangiye imuvugisha ibikomeye ati: “Aba bantu ni abagaragu b’Imana Isumbabyose, barabamenyesha inzira y’Umukiro”. Hari igihe abantu tujya twihugiraho, tukinangira kugeza ku bandi Ibyiza by’Imana, tukibagirwa ko Imana ifite uburyo bwinshi itambutsa ubutumwa bwayo. Gusa twe ababatijwe tugakomezwa ni ngombwa kutibagirwa amasezerano twagiriye IMANA igihe tuyahawe.
Pawulo abonye ko uwo mukobwa akomeza kubabuza uburyo, n’ubwo ibyo yavugaga byari ukuri, yabonye ko ari ngombwa kwirukana iyo roho, uwo mukobwa nawe agakira uwo mugoko wa roho mbi kandi abamuriragaho bakamenya ko ibyo bakoraga bidakwiye, ahubwo bakwiye gutega amatwi ibyo Abantu b’Imana Isumbabyose bigishaga. Ni ko gufata icyemezo arayivudukana ati: “Mu izina rya Nyagasani Yezu Kristu, ndagutegetse ngo: sohoka muri uwo mukobwa”. Icyo gitangaza Pawulo yakoze, aho gutera abantu guhinduka no kugarukira Imana, ahubwo ba shebuja b’uwo mwari, wagira ngo ya roho mbi ni bo yinjiyemo kuko bafashe umwanzuro ugayitse wo gukubitisha no gufungisha Pawulo na Silasi. Ariko kuko uri kumwe n’umuvugizi Roho Mutagatifu atagamburuzwa n’akaje kose, ni uko bageze muri Gereza na ho baboneyeho akanya ko gusingiza Imana no gusenga bityo Inkuru Nziza itaha mu mitima y’infungwa kandi bibonera ikuzo ry’Imana ubwo imiryango yafungukaga, iminyururu yari ibaboshye igacikagurika. Kubera uko kwigaragaza kw’Ineza y’Imana, umurinzi w’uburoko, byamuviriyemo umukiro we hamwe n’abe bose, kuko ubwo yashakaga kwiyambura ubuzima, Pawulo na Silasi bamuhumurije bakamwizeza ko nta n’umwe ubuzemo cyangwa ngo abe yatorotse. Byatumye amenya ukuri, abaza icyo akwiye gukora ngo na we aronke umukiro uva ku Mana. Bati: “nta kindi usabwa”, cyakora “Wemere Nyagasani Yezu, uzakira, wowe n’urugo rwawe”. Ni uko bamaze kumwigisha we n’urugo rwe bakira Yezu, barabatizwa.
Mu ivanjili Yezu yatubwiye ko ROHO MUTAGATIFU namara kuza, azereka ab’isi aho icyaha cyabo kiri n’aho ubutungane buri. Nitwibuke ko mu gucira Yezu urubanza rwo kubambwa ku musaraba, bibwiraga ko YEZU hamwe n’inyigisho ze bizaba bizimye burundu, bakigumira mu mwijima w’icyaha. Nyamara nyuma y’umunsi wa gatatu, igihe IMANA Se amuzuye mu bapfuye, ibintu byarahindutse, huzuzwa ko YEZU ARI WE NZIRA UKURI N’UBUGINGO, NTAWE UGERA KURI SE ATAMUNYUZEHO. Icyo gihe umuntu avuze ko urupfu rwa Yezu, rwerekanaga ko ikibi, ikinyoma, urwango ari byo bifite ijambo rya nyuma, ntabwo yaba ari umukabya nkuru; nyamara ukuzuka kwe kwagaragaje ko URUKUNDO, UKURI N’INEZA ari intagamburuzwa igihe cyose. Abemeye YEZU iyo ni yo igomba kuba intego, gukora icyiza aho turi hose, gukunda Imana n’abayo ko ari byo bitanga amahoro isi idashobora kutwambura.
Intumwa zagize amahirwe yo kwibonera Imana mu maso yabo babikesha kwibonera, kumva no gukurikira Yezu Kirisitu. Nyamara igihe cyari kigeze ngo Zicuke, zive mu bwana zibe abahamya n’abagabo bemeza ko Yezu ari Nyagasani, akaba Umucunguzi w’inyoko muntu. Yabasezeranyije ko agomba kugenda ariko atazabasiga ari impfubyi, ko azohereza Roho Nyir’ukuri, uzabaturamo akabibutsa byose, kandi akabahindura abahamya b’urukundo n’ineza mu isi aho bazanyura hose bigisha. Bagakura abantu mu mwijima w’icyaha bakakira urumuri rumurikira ubuzima bwabo, rukabaha amahoro n’imbaraga zo kurangiza neza ubutumwa buri wese afite kuri iyi si.
Ni ngombwa rero ko ababatijwe twizirika kandi tugakomera kuri Roho Mutagatifu twahawe niba koko duhimbajwe, no kwitwa abayoboke ba Kristu Yezu. Uwo Roho Mutagatifu atuye muri twe, nitumureka akayobora ubuzima bwacu, tuzabaho mu mahoro, mu rukundo no mu butabera, bityo aho tunyuze hose tuhasige ineza, ubuntu, icyanga cyo kubaho tutagamburuzwa n’ikibi ahubwo, twerekana ko kubaho Ukunda Imana n’abayo, ukarangwa n’ineza kandi ukayitoza abandi, bigeza ku mutsindo wo kuronka ubugingo bw’iteka. Amina
Padiri Anselimi Musafiri


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Ibyo urya bigira akamaro gakomeye ku buzima bwawe muri rusange, kuko ni byo bifasha umubiri gukomeza gukora no kugutunga.
Ibyo ukora nyuma yo kurya, bigira uruhare mu kwinjiza intungamubiri, umubiri ukoresha. Ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kumenya ibyo ugomba kwirinda nyuma yo kurya mu rwego rwo kwirinda ibyakubuza kugira ubuzima bwiza.
Ibyo ugomba kwirinda nyuma yo kurya
Irinde koga nyuma yo kurya
Iyo ukimara kurya, igogora rikenera imbaraga zihagije ndetse n’amaraso aba atembera mu bice by’urwungano ngogozi.
Iyo woze, cyane cyane amazi ashyushye, amaraso atemberera mu bice by’inyuma (ahagana ku ruhu) mu rwego rwo kugabanya ubushyuhe, bityo igogorwa rikagenda nabi.
Ugomba gutegereza byibuze iminota 30 nyuma yo kurya, ukabona koga.
Irinde kunywa icyayi gishyushye
Icyayi kibonekamo ibinyabutabire byitwa tannin, bishobora kubuza proteyine wariye kwinjira mu mubiri. Iyo unyweye icyayi nyuma yo kurya, bishobora kubuza kandi umubiri kwinjiza ubutare (iron/fer) bityo ukaba wagira ikibazo cyo kugira ubutare bucye mu maraso (anemia).
Gukora sport
Umubiri ukenera umwanya uhagije wo gukora igogorwa ry’ibyo wariye mbere yo gukora imyitozo ngorora mubiri kabone naho byaba ari ukugenda (walking). Iyo ukoze sport ukimara kurya, igogorwa rigenda nabi, bikaba byatera gutumba inda, kugaruka kw’aside yo mu gifu, kuruka ndetse no kubuza umubiri kwinjiza intungamubiri.
Ni ngombwa gutegereza byibuze amasaha macye nyuma yo kurya, ukabona gukora sport.
Kuryama ukimara kurya
Kuryama ukimara kurya bishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye mu gifu. Ibikunze kugaragara ni ugutumba, kumva ibintu bivuga mu nda cg se no gusinzira nabi.
Ni byiza gutegereza byibuze amasaha 2 nyuma yo kurya, ukabona kuryama.
Kwirinda kunywa amazi akonje
Amazi akonje abangamira bikomeye ndetse agacamo hagati igogorwa cg se icagagurwa ry’ibyo uba wariye, bihinduka uduce duto dushobora kwinjira mu maraso (intungamubiri) kugira ngo bijye gutunga ingirangingo n’uturemangingo dutandukanye.
Niba ufite inyota mu gihe uri kurya, wanywa amazi ashyushye (y’akazuyazi) kuko yo afasha mu igogorwa.
Kurya imbuto ukimara kurya
Bimenyerewe mu mico itandukanye, ko barya imbuto bakimara kurya. Nyamara nubwo bikorwa na benshi, ntibikuraho ko ari ikosa. Imbuto zikenera enzymes (ibi ni ibinyabutabire byitabazwa mu igogorwa) ryazo zihariye, iyo uziriye ukimara kurya, bitera igifu kutabasha gukamura neza intungamubiri mu byo uba wariye.
Ni byiza kurya imbuto igihe mu gifu nta kindi kintu kirimo, nibwo intungamubiri zinjira neza.
source: umutihealth.com
[email protected]


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Ingingo z’ingenzi z’impamvu yo gusaba guhinduza amazina
Turamenyesha ko uwitwa Uwimbabazi Adeline mwene Rwaririza Celestin na Mukagatete Marie Constante, utuye mu Mudugudu wa Kabuye, Akagari ka Nyamagana, Umurenge wa Remera, Akarere ka Ngoma, mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba wanditse asaba uburenganzira bwo guhinduza amazina asanganywe ariyo Uwimbabazi Adeline, akitwa Adeline Mooketsi Bennedict mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere. Impamvu atanga yo guhinduza izina ni izina ry’uwo twashyingiranwe.
Byemejwe na Gatabazi Jean Marie Vianney, Minisitiri w'Ubutegetsi bw'Igihugu
Agaciro k'icyangombwa: Cyatanzwe kuwa: 2021-08-31


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Muri gahunda yo gusimbura ibyumba by’amashuli bishaje, hirya no hino mu Rwanda abaturage bakomeje gukora imiganda yo kubaka ibi byumba by’amashuli bishaje. Abaturage bo mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, mu Murenge wa Ngera, baravuga ko kuba begerwa n’abayobozi batandukanye biri gutanga umusaruro.
Mukeshimana Eugenie, umuturage utuye muri uyu murenge twaganirye yatubwiye ko nta muturage wasiba umuganda urimo Ministiri n’umuyobozi w’Akarere kandi abona bari guterura Isima n’umucanga nk’abandi bose.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi ushinzwe amashuli abanza n’ayisumbuye, Isaac Munyakazi akaba n’imboni ya Guverinoma y’U Rwanda mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, avuga ko mu rwego rwo kongera ireme ry’uburezi bw’umwana w’umunyarwanda, Leta yiyemeje ko agomba kwigira heza, afite Ibikoresho byiza, n’abarimu bafite ubumenyi buhagije. Bityo akaba ariyo mpamvu n’abayobozi bagomba nokwegera abaturage bakifatanya nabo..
Iki kigo cy’amashuli abanza cya Nyanza mu Murenge wa Ngera, mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, kiri kubakwaho ibyumba 2 bisimbura ibindi byari byarahirimye bigatuma abanyeshuli babyigagamo bavangwa mu yandi mashuli, bityo bikongera ubucucike bw’abana mu ishuli.
Ababyeyi bafite abana muri iki kigo cy’amashuli abanza cya Nyanza bavuga ko, kuba begerwa n’abayobozi bagafatanya gukora umuganda wo kuba ibi byumba by’amashuli bituma bakora batikoresheje kandi birimo gutanga umusaruro.
Mu Karere ka Nyaruguru hari ibyumba 205 bikeneye gusimburwa,hakaba hagiye kubakwa ibyumba 28 n’ubwiherero 36, Leta ikazatanga ibikoresho by’ibanze (sima,amabati n’ibyuma), n’amafaranga yo kugura ibikoresho agera kuri miliyoni zisaga ijana na mirongo itatu n’esheshatu( 136.000.000) ibi bikorwa bikaziyongeraho umuganda w’abaturage wunganira ingengo y’imari.
Emmanuel Rukundo


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Abashakashatsi bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bagaragaje ko gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina kenshi cyane cyane ku bagabo, bifasha bikanongerera uyikora kurushaho kwizera Imana.
Aba bashakashatsi bo muri Duke University muri Carolina y’Amajyaruguru, bashyize hanze ubushakashatsi bwabo bushimangira ko uretse kuba imibonano mpuzabitsina ishobora gukora ku marangamutima, urukundo n’uturemangingo, inagira uruhare mu bijyanye no kwemera Imana cyane cyane ku bagabo.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwashyizwe ahagaragara kuri uyu wa Mbere, bugaragaza ko hari umusemburo witwa “Oxytocin” ukora cyane mu gihe cyo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina cyane ku bagabo hanyuma ku bagore ugakora cyane mu gihe cyo kubyara no mu gihe cyo konsa.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwayobowe n’uwitwa Patty Van Cappellen bugaragaza ko uyu musemburo ushobora gufasha abagabo kugira mu ntekerezo zabo ibyiyumviro byatuma batekereza cyane ku Mana kandi bakarushaho kwizera imbaraga zayo.


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Uru rubyiruko rubihera ku kuba rwararebye kure rukabona ko abashyitsi baza muri ako Karere basuye Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga n’ahandi hantu heza nyaburanga, wasangaga bakeneye no kumenya umuco Nyarwanda kuko ariwo ubafasha kwishimira aho bari no gusabana n’abo basanze, bityo ko hari hakwiye kurushaho kuborohereza.
Nzabonimpa Théodore ni umwe mu rubyiruko rwihangiye imirimo mu 2010. Yabitangiriye ku mushinga yise Beyond Gorillas Experience ugamije guteza imbere ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco no kubyaza umusaruro ba mukerarugendo bakunze gusura Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga.
Yagize ati" Njya gushinga Beyond the Gorillas Experience, nabonaga ino iwacu hari amahirwe menshi kuko hanyura ba mukerarugendo benshi baba basuye Pariki y’Ibirunga ariko wasangaga basura ingagi n’ibindi, haburagamo no kubasangiza umuco kandi wasangaga bawufitiye inyota yo kuwumenya."
"Natangiranye igitekerezo n’ubushobozi buke bigenda byaguka birampira. Ubu sinavuga ko mbayeho nabi kandi ngenda nagura ubushobozi by’Ikigo Beyond the Gorillas Experience ku buryo iyo ari mu bihe byiza tuba dukorana n’urubyiruko rurenga 30 naravuye kuri batatu.”
Yavuze ko mu bakozi be hari abashobora kwinjiza ibihumbi 300 Frw ku kwezi, uretse ko Covid-19 yabavangiye.
Uretse iby’umuco, Nzabonimpa na bagenzi be bakora n’ubundi bukerarugendo bise Home Stay, aho umukerarugendo ahitamo urugo rw’umuturage araramo, akarya ku mutsima n’ibirayi bitetse Kinyarwanda, akigishwa imirimo yose ya Kinyarwanda yifuza irimo gukama inka, kwenga ibitoki imbyino za kinyarwanda, kuvuza ingoma, imikino njyarugamba n’ibindi.
Nzabonimpa akomeza agira ati “Dukorana n’abantu benshi bakora ububoshyi, ububyinnyi , aborozi bashobora gufasha umuntu kumenya uko bakama inka, bacunda amata, gucuranga gakondo no gutarama ku buryo ba mukerarugendo usanga babyishimira cyane kandi birabahendukira bigatuma banasabana n’abatuye ino, abaturage nabo basigarana ku madorali bakiteza imbere kandi bidahagaritse n’indi mirimo yabo basanzwe bakora ahubwo babyaza umusaruro umuco wabo."
Muri ubu bukerarugendo, mukerarugendo wifuza kurara mu rugo rw’umuturage, yishyura 16000 Frw ijoro rimwe, 40 % y’ayo yishyuye agasigara mu rugo rw’uwo muturage wamwakiriye asigaye agakoreshwa mu bindi bikorwa bya Beyond the Gorillas Experience.
Tuyisenge Jean de la Paix, amaze imyaka ine akorana Beyond the Gorillas Experience na we yemeza ko kuri ubu amaze gutera imbere abikesha imirimo yo gutembereza no gushishikariza ba mukerarugendo kurushaho gukora ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco.
Yagize ati “Njye maze imyaka ine nkora muri iki kigo, ntembereza ba mukerarugendo iyo bagiye mu birunga cyangwa mu misozi miremire n’ahandi ndetse nkora n’ibitaramo iyo bari mu baturage. Birantunze n’umuryango wanjye nkorera nk’amadorali 50 ku cyumweru, mu kwezi sinjya mbura ibihumbi 200 byibuze nkorera."
"Urabona ntabwo wasura ingagi uyu munsi ngo ejo usubireyo, baba bakeneye ibintu bibahuza kugira ngo bakomeze gutinda mu gihugu n’amadovize yinjire. Nariyubakiye inzu nziza mfite n’inka ebyiri, ndifuza kugura moto yanjye mbere yo gushaka umugore kandi nzabigeraho muri uyu mwaka."
Tugizwenimana Gratien na we yagize ati " Hano mpakoze imyaka ibiri, ubu ninjiza hafi ibihumbi 270 buri kwezi iyo byagenze neza. Amafaranga nkura hano nyashora mu buhinzi bw’ibirayi kuko nifuza ko nzajya nsarura nka toni 100 z’ibirayi buri gihembwe nkaba umuhinzi wabigize umwuga.”
Uru rubyiruko rukora mu bukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco, rugira inama urundi kurushaho gutekereza no kubyaza umusaruro amahirwe y’ubukerararugendo bushingiye ku muco buboneka iwabo aho guhora batekereza ku mirimo yindi usanga ibyiganirwamo na benshi akenshi usanga bifite rukahaburira amahirwe yo guhangana ku isoko.
Nzabonimpa akomeza agira ati " Usanga mu Rwanda hari ahantu henshi cyane hari amateka n’umuco wihariye wasangiza abandi, urubyiruko rukwiye gutinyuka rugatekereza kuri ayo mahirwe amenyekanisha amateka n’umuco w’aho rutuye bakabibyaza umusaruro aho guhora babyiganira mu isoko rimwe n’abantu bifite ahubwo bo bagahanga ibishya."
Beyond the Gorillas Experience Ltd yatangiye ubu bukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco muri 2010 nyuma yo kubona ko mu Rwanda hari ahantu henshi hakorerwa ubukerarugendo ariko hatabyazwa umusaruro ndetse n’umuco n’amateka.
Kubu ikoresha abagera kuri 30 biganjemo urubyiruko, abakuze bazi amateka n’abafite impano zitandukanye mu bugeni no kwidagadura.
Si ibi gusa kuko hari n’imiryango igera kuri 280 bunguka nk’abagenerwabikorwa, bahabwa amatungo magufi, ibikoresho by’ishuri ku bana, kubigisha kwihangira imirimo no kubungabunga urusobe rwibinyabuzima.


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Daily Archives: March 1, 2016
Ingabire avuye mu maboko y’umwakagara
Amakuru akomeje kugera ku kinyamakuru inyangeNews aturuka mubucamanza mu biro bikuru by’Africa yunze ubumwe bikrera mu murwa w’Arusha biratangaza yuko umukuru w’umutwe wa politike ishyaka ryitwa FDU Inkingi Victoire Igabire umuhoza azaba asesekaye murukiko rw’Africa rufite icyicaro Arusha aho umwunganira mu mategeko yarwanye inkundura ikomeye cyane kugeza ageze ku kifuzo cye cyo kugeza ikirego cye murukiko rw’Africa rukorera Arusha
Igice cya (27) cy’Ubuhanuzi
1 Mar,2016 ijambo ry’Uhoraho rinzaho maze rirambwira riti,mwana w’umuntu,dore abakiranutsi mu minsi itar’iyakure bagiye kunezerwe Uwiteka Imana kuko iyo yavuze agategeka biraba ndetse bikanakomera kuko ar’Uhoraho nta kijya kimunanira uko niko Uhoraho avuga.
Umwakagara arihebye ageze aho Uwiteka ashaka!
29th FEB,2016 ijambo ry’Uhoraho rinzaho maze rirambwira riti,mwana w’umuntu,dore umwuka w’Inzika y’Inzigo wongeye kuguhagurukira kandi cyane kuruta uko byari bisanzwe.Ariko byose Uwiteka agiye kubihindura umuyaga uhita kuko bidafite imbaraga kubugingo bwawe cyangwa bigire icyo bigutwara kuko banesherejwe igorigota kumusaraba kumanywa yihangu ubwo Umwami wabakiranutsi yimiga ingoma kumugaragaro ingoma ikaba yazanye amahoro no gukiranuka mu batuye isi uko niko Uhoraho avuga.
Afite ibyara birebire ntawabikira da!
Imbeba zagiye inama ziravuga ziti,ijangwe yaturembeje reka twishyire hamwe maze dufatanye nabasore bacu turwanye byimazeyo uyu mwicanyi ugiye kutumarira ku icumu.Nuko muriyo nama zanzura zivuga ziti,insore nsore zibe ari zo zijya imbere.Insore zirareba ziti,aba basaza baradushuka barabyaye bafite ingo ni miryango none twebwe nturanatekereza kuba twanashaka none ngo tujye guhangana nabiriya byara ngo turarwana ni njangwe ninde uyobewe ko ifite ibyara birebire?


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Ubutabera
Imanza Zisaga 2000 Zaketswemo Akarengane Mu Mwaka Ushize
Raporo y’inkiko mu mwaka wa 2020/21 igaragaza ko imanza zasabiwe gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane zageze ku 2033, mu gihe imanza zamaze gusesengurwa byagaragaye ko izabonetsemo akarengane zari 3%.
Imanza zakiriwe mu nkiko zisabirwa gusubirwamo kubera akarengane ariko zagabanyutseho 0.15% ugereranyije n’umwaka wa 2019/20, kubera ko bwo zari 2390.
Itegeko ryemera ko mu gihe hakekwa akarengane mu manza zaciwe, umuburanyi ageza urubanza rwe kuri Perezida w’Urukiko rukuriye urwaciye urubanza.
Imanza asanze zishobora kuba zarabeyemo akarengane azoherereza Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, akagena urukiko rusazubiramo urubanza.
Izo Perezida w’Urukiko washyikirijwe ikibazo asanze nta karengane karimo azisubiza inyuma, ariko umuburanyi afite uburenganzira bwo kwiyambaza Urwego rw’Umuvunyi.
Urwo rwego rusuzuma niba koko zishobora kuba zirimo akarengane, rwasanga karimo, Umuvunyi Mukuru agasaba Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga gusuzuma niba zikwiriye kongera kuburanishwa.
Raporo igira iti “Urebye muri rusange imanza zoherejwe mu nkiko n’ababuranyi n’izoherejwe n’Umuvunyi, ukareba izamaze gufatwaho umwanzuro wa nyuma, ni ukuvuga izo abaperezida b’inkiko basanze nta karengane karimo ukongeraho izaburanishijwe, usanga akarengane kari kuri 3%.”
Imibare igaragaza ko imanza z’akarengane zoherejwe n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi kuva muri 2012 kugera Kamena 2020 zari 541.
Izo Ubugenzuzi bw’Inkiko bwamaze gusesengura ni 450, muri zo, imanza 325 zingana na 72% Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yasanze zigomba gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane naho 117 zingana na 26% asanga nta karengane karimo.
Ubaze imanza zose zaketswemo akarengane, izasuzumwe mu mwaka ushize zari 973.
Imanza 853 (87.7%) ba Perezida b’inkiko basanze nta karengane karimo, 120 (12.3%) bazohereza kwa Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kugira ngo hagenwe urukiko rwongera kuziburanisha.
Raporo ikomeza iti “Mu manza zasabiwe gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, haburanishwijwe izigera kuri 127, muri zo 33 zingana na 26% zahinduriwe ibyemezo mu gihe umwaka ushize zari 68,6%.”
Gusa ugereranyije n’umwaka wabanje, ibirego byasabiwe gusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane byagabanutseho 15%.


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Ese kubera iki bavuga ko hari imigani y’imigenurano itakigendanye n’igihe?
Imigani y’imigenurano ni ingeri y’ubuvanganzo nyarwanda,ivuga ku muco, ku mateka no ku mitekerereze y’Abanyarwanda. Ibyo rero bigenda uko ibihe bisimburana, bishatse kuvuga ko n’agaciro k’imigani kagenda gahinduka.
Abanyarwanda bakoresha imigani y’imigenurano mu gukosorana babinyujije mu mvugo ijimije, kandi bagakoresha amagambo asanzwe mu muco nyarwanda. Gusa, hari amagambo amwe n’amwe aba atagikoreshwa, cyangwa imivugire imwe n’imwe yiganzamo ivangura rishingiye ku moko ndetse no ku gitsina. Bitewe n’amateka Abanyarwanda banyuzemo, bituma hari inyito,imvugo,amazina, n’amagambo agenda ata agaciro, bikarangira atagikoreshwa.
Hari ingero z’imigani y’imigenurano yakoreshwaga hambere, ariko magingo aya, uramutse uyivuze ushobora gufatwa ukundi kuntu. Ndetse ukaba wafatwa nk’ufite ikindi agamije mu gusenya imibanire myiza y’Abanyarwanda.
Hari imigani y’imigenurano yakoreshwaga, ariko ubu ikaba ifatwa nk’ ihembera amacakubiri n’ivangura rishingiye ku moko mu Banyarwanda. Hakaba n’indi igaragaza igaragaramo ivangura rishingiye ku gitsina.
Urugero: Uruvuze umugore ruvuga umuhoro, nta nkokokazi ibika isake ihari, n’indi nk’iyo itesha agaciro abagore cyangwa itsinda runaka ry’abantu.
Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu nteko Nyarwanda y’ururimi n’umuco (RALC), Nsanzabaganwa Modeste avuga ko hari ibintu bitakomeza guhabwa agaciro ndetse binamaganwa, kubera ingaruka bishobora guteza mu bantu.
Ati “hari ibintu tutakwemera cyangwa ngo duhe agaciro, hakaba ndetse n’ibyo twamagana kubera ingaruka bishobora guteza mu bantu. Ariko kugeza ubu twamamaza indangagaciro, tunagaya imitekerereze idahwitse.”
Kugira ngo umugani winjire mu Kinyarwanda nta rwego rubyemeza.
Nsanzabaganwa akomeza asobanura ko nta mategeko agenga iyinjira ry’imigani y’imigenurano, ko ahubwo umugani wizana, ugakwirakwizwa n’Abanyarwanda mu gihe basanze uvuga ibiriho cyangwa ufite icyo wigisha.
Ati “umugani urizana ubwawo. Iyo abantu basanze uvugitse neza kandi uvuga ibiriho cyane cyane ufite icyo wigisha, barawukunda bakawugira ijambo rihanura, bakawukoresha. Nta rwego rwemeza imigani. Inzego ziriho zitanga inama.”
Ese umugani uta agaciro ryari?
Nsanzabaganwa asobanura ko umugani uta agaciro iyo imyumvire n’imitekerereze by’abantu bihindutse, ati “umugani uta agaciro iyo imyumvire n’imitekerereze by’abantu bihindutse, bakimakaza indangagaciro nshya bitewe n’amateka cyangwa ibihe bishya.”
Impamvu nta migani mishya igaragara
Nsanzabaganwa avuga ko umugani ufata umwanya muremure kugira ngo winjire mu kamenyero k’abantu. Gusa ikibazo rusange kikaba ari itumanaho nyemvugo ryagabanutse cyane.
Ati “ikibazo rusange ni iki: itumanaho nyemvugo ryaragabanutse cyane. Ubu dukoresha ubutumwa bugufi (sms), imbuga nkoranyambaga na murandasi, inyandiko n’ibindi. Birumvikana ko imigani mishya itakiboneka cyane.”
Ese uramutse ukoresheje imigani itakigendanye n’igihe wahanwa na nde?
Modeste Nsanzabaganwa avuga ko ari ubukangurambaga busanzwe bukorwa, nta tegeko rirajyaho rica imwe mu migani, cyangwa ngo rihane uyikoresheje. Avuga ko ahubwo abakumva ari bo bakugaya.
Ati “ntawaguhana. Ariko se mu bihe turimo waba ugamije iki? Abantu baguseka ndetse bamwe bakakugaya.”
Imigani y’imigenurano ikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri. Hari uburyo busanzwe wumvamo umugani, hakaba n’uburyo bujimije, aho uwubwirwa bisaba ko amenya icyo irenga bamuciriye rirengura. Umugani uvuga ukuri, ariko muri kamere yawo ntabwo wo uba ari ukuri.


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Daily Archives: November 30, 2017
Gen.Kayumba Nyamwasa ahiga Umuhanuzi ngo amuce igihanga!
Nov 25, 2017 njyanwa mu iyerekwa mbona umwuka w’Inzika y’Inzigo,mbona uwo mwuka uza kwiba inkweto zanjye inkweto [4] rumwe rumwe.Maze ijambo ry’Uhoraho Uwiteka Nyiringabo rinzaho maze rirambwira riti,mwana w’umuntu umwuka w’Inzika y’Inzigo uraje kandi ikiwuzanye nukwiba ubutumwa kugirango ubone report uzagutangaho nuko rero rero wirinde cyane kandi ube maso kugirango utagwa mu mutego wawo uko niko Uwiteka Nyiringabo abivuga.


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Igira uruhare rukomeye mu kwihutisha urujya n’uruza mu nyubako. Ascenseur nyinshi zisanzwe zikoresha umuvuduko wa metero imwe mu isegonda, ariko nko muri Shanghai Tower yo mu Bushinwa habamo igenda metero 20 mu isegonda. Iyo ni yo yihuta cyane ku Isi.
Nubwo zihutisha ingendo bene ako kageni, nazo zishobora gutenguha abantu nk’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.
Umukozi w’Ikigo Omega Sir Ltd gisana ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga birimo na za ascenseur, Shumbusho Emmanuel, amaze imyaka irindwi akora izagize ibibazo.
Kuva mu 2014 kugeza ubu, icyo Kigo cyitabajwe mu nyubako 12 mu bihe bitandukanye, ziganjemo iza Leta.
Mu kiganiro na IGIHE yasobanuye ko ibibazo zikunze kugaragaza birimo iby’inzugi n’imiryango binjiriramo zanga gufunguka igihe umuntu ageze iyo ajya cyangwa zikanga kwifunga.
Hari n’ubwo ishobora guhagarara uyirimo ataragera iyo ajya cyangwa aho gusohokera, hakaba ubwo ifungiranye uwinjira, rimwe na rimwe ikaba ishobora no guhanuka.
Yagize ati “Hari igihe ikibazo gituruka kuri moteri bitewe n’amasasu (bearings) yayo adakora neza, hari ubwo biterwa n’imigozi iterura ascenseur itari kuri gahunda neza cyangwa bigaterwa n’umuriro ubura bya hato na hato.”
Magingo aya inyubako zibamo ascenseur mu gihugu ziracyari nke kuko zikunze gushyirwa mu zifite amagorofa arenze atatu. Ahandi hitabazwa ingazi n’inzira z’abafite ubumuga.
Mbere inyinshi zakoreshaga ingufu z’amashanyarazi gusa, umuriro wabura mu gace runaka ugasanga ikoreshwa ryayo rirahagaze, abo ugiye bayirimo bikabayobera ku buryo byabatera n’ihungabana.
Umugenzuzi w’Imyubakire mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Imiturire,Amizero Gisèle, yabwiye IGIHE ko biteza ikibazo kuko hari nk’aho umuriro ushobora kubura umunsi wose.
Ati “Imbogamizi zikunda kubaho ni ikibazo cy’umuriro tugira mu Rwanda. Ushobora gusanga nk’umunsi wose agace runaka kawubuze cyangwa ugasanga ikoze amasaha atatu, andi yose umuriro wagiye.”
Shumbusho yagaragaje ko muri ibi bihe ascenseur itagombye gukoresha umuriro gusa ahubwo hagombye kuba hari na “générateur”.
Ati “Aho bigeze haba hari na UPS (uninterruptible power supply) ibika umuriro ugakoreshwa mu gihe amashanyarazi agize ikibazo na générateur igatinda gukora.”
Ibyo ariko Amizero yasobanuye ko uretse mu nyubako za Leta byitabwaho hakazanwa générateur, “akenshi ba rwiyemezamirimo baba babara mu mafaranga” ntibazigure.
Icyo wakora ascenseur ipfuye uyirimo
Abenshi iyo bagiye kuyinjiramo bakabona umuryango uri hafi kwifunga bihutira kwinjizamo akaboko kubera ko ifite ibyuma (sensors) byumva ko nta kiri mu nzira mbere y’uko yifunga, byasanga gihari inzugi ntizifunge.
Shumbusho yagaragaje ko bidakwiye kuko hari ubwo ibyo byuma bishobora kuba bidakora neza cyangwa byarangiritse maze akaboko winjijemo inzugi zikagafata “kandi icyo gihe ascenseur ihita ikomeza”. Icyiza ni ugukanda aho bakora iyo bayifungura kugira ngo yongere ifunguke.
Niba yanze gufunguka ugeze aho ugiye cyangwa igahagarara utaragera aho basohokera, wareba ahari ikimenyetso cy’inzogera ukahakora. Icyo gihe abari hanze bumva intabaza ko ascenseur yagize ikibazo.
Ushobora kandi gukanda ahari ikimenyetso cyo guhamagara, ukaba wavugana n’umukozi ushinzwe ibya ascenseur mu nyubako kugira ngo ufashwe.
Hatangwa inama ko uwinjiye muri ascenseur akwiye kwihutira kureba amatangazo ayirimo. Urugero ni ajyanye n’ibiro ntarengwa igomba kuzamura cyangwa umubare w’abayijyamo, kutavugira kuri telefoni n’ijwi riranguruye, kudatereka umuzigo hafi y’inzugi zayo n’ibindi.
Ba nyir’inyubako cyangwa abashinzwe umutekano wazo bagirwa inama yo guhamagara abazi gusana ascenseur vuba bishoboka mu gihe bamenye ko hari ikibazo igize, by’umwihariko irimo abantu.
Impinduka mu miterere ya ascenseur
Uko iterambere rigenda riza n’ikoranabuhanga rirushaho gutera imbere ari nako ryoroshya ubuzima.
Ascenseur ya mbere yakoreshejwe mu nyubako ya Haughwout Department Store i New York muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Hari mu 1857, gusa bivugwa ko nyuma y’imyaka itatu yahagaritswe gukoreshwa kuko abantu banze kuyigendamo.
Yagenderaga ku muvuduko wa metero 12 mu munota, none ubu hagezweho igenda metero 20 mu isegonda.
Shumbusho yasobanuye ko uretse umuvuduko hari n’izindi mpinduka nyinshi zaje nko kuba hashyirwamo ibyuma bizana umuyaga, camera zongera umutekano ndetse no kuba zifite UPS kandi mbere zarishingikirizaga amashanyarazi gusa.


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Nayinzira Yohani Nepomusene, ni umusaza w’imyaka 62. Yayujuje tariki ya 10 z’ukwa 3 muri uyu mwaka. Azwi cyane muri poritiki y’u Rwanda, ariko cyane cyane guhera mu mwaka wa 1991, ubwo yashingaga ishyaka PDC - Parti Democrate Chretien - ritavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwariho.
Nyuma ya genocide kandi Nayinzira Yohani Nepomuscene yakomeje gukorana na guverinoma nshya, aba minisitiri, aza no kuba depite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, ndetse aba n’umukuru w’inama y’igihugu y’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge.
Icyakora Nayinzira Yohani Nepomuscene yaje kuva ku mirimo y’ubudepite ashinjwa imyitwarire mibi, bituma anasezera mu ishyaka rye k’ubushake bwe. Ubu yagiye kwiturira mu cyaro, mu kagari ka Kinyaga, umurenge wa Rubungo, akarere ka Gasabo, mu ntara ya Kigali Ngari. Twamusanze iwe, tugirana ikiganiro gikurikira:
Uracyakora politiki?
Oh! Ndi umunyapolitiki. Kuko ndi umunyagihugu, kandi nkaba mfite akarusho kuko nanyuze mu nzira nyinshi zirimo amashyaka, ubuyobozi, n’ibindi. Hari ibintu byinshi nagiye mbona, nkaba rero ntapfa guceceka gusa, cyane ko mbona muri iki gihugu cyacu hakiri ikibazo cyo gutinyuka kuvuga ibintu uko biteye. Ushatse gutinyuka kuvuga agomba kujya hanze. Ntabwo ubundi ariko byakagombye kugenda. Icyo batinya n’iterabwoba rihari.
Muri iki gihe haravugwa ikibazo cy’itahuka ry’Abanyarwanda bagize umutwe wa FDLR, basaba gushyikirana na guverinoma y’u Rwanda ku mitahukire yabo. Ibyo basaba bifite ishingiro?
Bifite ishingiro kandi icyo kibazo kigomba kwigwa neza. Ntabwo FPR ishobora kuvuga ngo abantu ntibagafate imbunda baharanira uburenganzira bwabo, kandi nayo ariyo nzira yanyuze. FPR siyo ishobora gutanga amasomo kuko nayo yafashe imbunda muri 90 kandi dialogue yari gushoboka. Bashoboraga gusaba uburenganzira bwabo nk’abatutsi, badafashe imbunda ngo bamene amaraso. Kugira ngo wigishe abantu kugera ku butegetsi mu mahoro nawe wagombye kuba waranyuze iyo nzira. Ntabwo rero FPR yakwigisha bariya barwanyi ba FDLR bafite ibirwanisho ngo bazatahe bamanitse amaboko kandi nayo itarayamanitse. Abagize FDLR ni Abanyarwanda kimwe n’abandi, kandi u Rwanda ni urwa twese. Igihe rero hari ibibazo bishyamiranya abenegihugu, hagomba imishyikirano mu mahoro. Imishyikirano rero ni ngombwa ndetse ikwiye gukorwa vuba.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ivuga ko harimo abakoze genocide.
FDLR ariko isobanura neza ko abicanyi bayirimo ubutabera bufite uburenganzira bwo kubakurikirana. Ubu ni byo biri mu Burundi. Imitwe yarwanyaga Leta ubu iri mu butegetsi, ingabo zayo zavanzwe n’iza Leta. Ndakeka ko u Burundi bumaze kudusiga intambwe. Kutavuga rumwe biba bisaba ko abantu bagomba kuganira kugira ngo bagire ibyo bumvikanaho. Kandi ni yo byaba ishyaka rimwe ntabwo burya abaririmo baba bavuga rumwe. Ubu se abatangiye muri FPR hasigayemo bangahe ? Bagiye bagongana bapfa ubutegetsi, ubukungu n’ibindi.
Ubona hari ingaruka ihari guverinoma y’u Rwanda yanze gushyikirana, FDLR na yo ikanga gutaha.
Icya mbere ntabwo FDLR izataha imanitse amaboko. Biragaragara kandi kuko aho gutaha bohereje abagore n’abana. Jye mbona FPR niyanga ibiganiro, bazaza nk’uko nayo yaje. Ndakeka ko ari ukutareba kure no kudafata amasomo mu byo na bo banyuzemo.
Gacaca yo urayibona ute?
Jye ndabona iri mu bizatuma iki gihugu gisambuka. Impamvu ni uko usanga ibyaha by’itsembabwoko byaratandukanyijwe n’ibyo itsembatsemba n’ibindi byaha by’intambara. Ni ukutamenya ubutabera. Niba gacaca igamije ubwiyunge, abiciranye bagomba kujya mu gatebo kamwe, Abanyarwada bakabategeka. Uwamennye amaraso wese y’Umunyarwanda, uko yayamennye kose, agomba gushyirwa ku meza. Niba hari uwayamennye ahagarika ubwicanyi agomba kuza na we bikamenyekana niba ari légitime defense (kwirwanaho) cyangwa niba ari ikindi yakoraga. Ubundi muri socio-politique abarebwa na gacaca ntibagombye no kugera ku ijana. Ndashaka kuvuga iki? Mbere y’intambara hari ikintu kitwaga escadron de la mort [ndlr:agatsiko kari gashinzwe kwica abantu ndlr]. Bari 33; niba rero bashaka kumenya abateguye ubwicanyi nibarebe abo bantu. Ntabwo ari abantu ibihumbi magana arindwi. Ikindi, defense civile yategetswe n’ubuyobozi n’abanyamadini. Ariko ubu abaturage ni bo bari guhonyorwa.
Wemera ko itsembabwoko ryateguwe?
Kuvuga ko itsembabwoko ryateguwe ni argument. Kuko uwashatse ubutegetsi ku ngufu yari azi neza ko abantu bazashiriramo. Ikindi kuvuga ko ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana nta ruhare ryagize mu bwicanyi bwo mu Rwanda ni ukwibeshya. Habyarimana ntitugomba kumureba nka Habyarimana, ahubwo tugomba kumureba nk’uwari perezida w’igihugu, wasinyanye amasezerano na FPR. Ni na cyo kibazo. Uwamwishe n’ubwo tutaramenya uwo ari we, afite uruhare mu ikindagurwa ry’Abanyarwanda. Amasezerano y’Arusha yahagarikaga intambara n’ubwicanyi. Uwabikoze rero, ni we washenye ayo masezerano, byose abisubiza irudubi. Amasezerano amaze gusinywa, aho kugira ngo inzego zateganywaga zijyeho, ari MRND yatangiye gucukura imyobo, na FPR itangira gucukura iyayo.
Ntabwo urajya gutanga ubuhamya muri gacaca rero?
Nibantumira nzajyayo, ariko nabwo nta cyo nzabamarira kuko nta cyo nabonye. Kandi umunyapolitiki yagombye kugaragarira mu rwego rw’igihugu. Hagombye rero kubaho gacaca y’abaturage n’iyo abanyapolitiki. Kuko kenshi ntitwabaga muri za quartiers. Twirirwaga twiruka mu manama atandukanye ndetse tukanahura na FPR. Ibintu rero mfite biri ku rwego rw’igihugu, si urwo mu kagari kuko nta n’umuyobozi waho nigeze mvugana na we. Kandi jye aho nari ntuye hahise hafatwa vuba.
Bamwe mu bayobozi b’Abahutu bakoranye n’ubutegetsi bwa kera ubu barashinjwa n’inkiko gacaca. Urabavugaho iki?
Kiriya ni ikintu gikomeye. Bigaragaza uburyo bitumvikana ukuntu wakemera gukorana n’abantu nka bariya, ubizi ko bafite ibyasha, ngo nurangiza wange gushyikirana n’abandi wita abicanyi. Niba wemeye gukorana n’abo bose bari gushinjwa, nta mpamvu abo hanze utashyikirana na bo. Ni aho rero FDLR igaragariza ingufu zayo. Muri abo bashinjwa hari abandwanyije kera kuko bakoreshwaga none baragaragaye. Ni abantu batagira aho bahagarara, bahora bajarajara. Cyakora jye naraboroheye nirinda no kuvangira ishyaka kugira ngo ritazamo amacakubiri.
Urashaka kuvuga Mukezamfura Alfred?
Yego. Yandwanyije kera kuva nkiri minisitiri ushinzwe ibidukikije. Ariko yarakoreshwaga kuko bagenzi be bafatanyaga baje kwivumbura, babivamo. Naho rero ku giti cye ibikorwa bye bibi si ibya vuba kuko n’igihe yari akiri bourgmestre wa Mukingi atitwaye neza. Ibyo byari bizwi na FPR, yari ibizi imukoresha ibizi.
Akazaza k’u Rwanda ukabona ute?
Abari k’ubutegetsi ni bo bafite urufunguzo rw’akazaza k’igihugu. Igihe rero batazemera kuganira n’abatavuga rumwe na bo kandi vuba, bazagwa mu mutego wa MRND, wabyaye intambara ya 90. Bizaba kandi nk’ingoma ya cyami yanze kwumva ikibazo cy’Abahutu, habaho ubwicanyi bwa 59.
Noneho ibyo Pasiteri Bizimungu yavuze muri Jeune Afrique l’Intelligent ko Abahutu bazongera bagafata intwaro murabihuje?
Yabaye nka ya nyoni y’inkotsa. Ibyo yavuze bifite ishingiro kuko yagendeye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’abahanga. Ndibuka ko muri 96 turi mu nama ya guverinoma Pasiteri yadushyikirije inyandiko y’umwe mu bahanga mu iyigamoko. Iyo nyandiko ikaba yaragaragazaga ko ikibazo cy’Abahutu n’Abatutsi nikitigwa neza na nyuma ya genocide bazongera bicane barwanira ubutegetsi no gusuzugurana. Benshi mu bategetsi iyo nyandiko barayizi. Na perezida uriho ubwe arayizi kuko icyo gihe yari muri iyo nama. Ibyo yavuze rero ni iby’abahanga banditse. Ese koko sosiyete y’abantu 700 000 [abayobozi bashinjwa gacaca] nubigizayo iyo sosiyete izasigara imeze ite? Perezida Museveni yigeze kuvuga ati ‘’ntabwo wahangana n’abantu ibihumbi 50 ngo wihe kutabumva, kubera ko bakoze iki n’iki. Buri wese muri abo wigijeyo umubariye abo mu muryango we 50 ba hafi, waba uhanganye na miliyoni 2 n’igice. Ati abo bantu wahangana na bo ute ?’’ Ikibazo rero dufite ni politiki, kigomba kubona igisubizo cya politiki. No mu gihe cy’Abadage hahanwe abantu bo hejuru.
Kuri wowe rero ubwiyunge bw’Abanyarwanda buracyari kure.
Mu byukuri ubwiyunge bw’Abanyarwanda muri iki gihe ni ubwa nyirarureshwa. Abagombye kwiyunga si bo biyunga, ahubwo hiyunga abavuga rumwe. Ubundi abagombaga kwiyunga bagaragazwaga n’amasezerano ya Arusha. Ayo masezerano yavugaga ko abari k’ubutegetsi n’ababushaka ari bo bagombaga kwiyunga. N’inama y’ubwiyunge yari iteganyijwe ni abo bantu yarebaga. Kandi izo mpande ebyiri ziracyariho n’ubwo habaye itsembabwoko n’itsembatsemba. Ku mpande zombi haracyari abantu batakoze itsembabwoko n’itsembatsemba. Kuko k’uruhande rw’abari bashyigikiye Leta icyo gihe si ko bose ari abajenosideri. Harimo abazima batagiye mu bwicanyi, ariko bitavuga ko bavugaga rumwe na FPR n’abari muri opposition. Ikindi kandi ni uko k’uruhande rwa MRND na FPR hari ba extremists, ari na bo badukururiye ishyano. Abo ni bo barwanye, bashora n’Abanyarwanda bose mu bwicanyi. Hanyuma hari n’abantu twagiye dufatanya na FPR ariko tuza gusanga politiki yayo tutayemera, twigizwayo. Ubwo na twe rero tugomba kwiyunga na FPR kugira ngo dushobore kumvikana ku nzira igihugu kiganamo. Ikibazo rero ni uko FPR, aho kugira ngo ikorane n’abantu bazima, yihitiramo gukorana n’abafatanyije na buriya butegetsi bwatsinzwe, kuko izi icyo igomba kubakoresha nk’ingaruzwamuheto. Cyakora nsanga ukuri kuzagaragaza strategies mbi za FPR.
Gahunda y’ubwiyunge ariko, n’ubwo utayemera. na we uri mu bayiyoboye.
Icya mbere uko nagiyeho ntabwo nasabye kuba perezida wa komisiyo y’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge. FPR ni yo yantoranyije. Ntabwo rero nagiye muri uwo mwanya ngo nkore uko mbyumva. Narakoreshwaga. Navuga ibintu bya politiki ngo ibyo ngibyo nta mwanya bifite. Harimo kandi n’ikibazo cy’ibikomere by’abantu ku mutima biturutse ku marorerwa bari bavuyemo, mbese abantu bagihanganye. Hari rero mu bihe bikomeye. Cyakora ntabwo byambujije gukora inyandiko nerekana ko hakwiye kubaho ibiganiro mu rwego rwa demokarasi na politiki, kandi Abanyarwanda bose bakinjizwamo.
Ubu se twavuga ko hari ikibazo cy’Abahutu n’Abatutsi?
Ikibazo kirahari. Ndetse nkabona bifitiye inyungu ubutegetsi buriho guteganya vuba ibiganiro kuri icyo kibazo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Icyo kibazo cyagaragaye kuva kera muri za 58 Rudahigwa atarapfa. Ni bwo Abahutu bagaragaje ko bakandamijwe, kuko bahezwaga mu butegetsi, Abatutsi begereye umwami bakavuga ko nta kibazo gihari. Rudahigwa na we atinyuka kuvuga ko nta kibazo gihari. Ntabwo rero yafashije ubwiyunge bw’Abanyarwanda. Impapuro zirahari zirabyerekana. Ibyabaye icyo gihe rero ni byo byagarutse na none muri 90, aho na none Abahutu bamaze kwigarurira ubutegetsi na bo baheza abatutsi. Icyo kibazo rero kikaba gikwiye kuganirwaho neza.
Ni kuki Perezida wa repubulika atakwituye kandi mwarapiganywe akagutsinda, ukabyemera kandi ukanamushimira intsinzi ye?
Ibyo biri mu bushake bwe. Ariko gusuzugura un partenaire si byiza kuko ahandi uwo mupiganwa si umwanzi. Biriya bimeze nk’ibya MRND. Na yo yagusangizaga ku butegetsi iyo wemeraga kuba igikoresho. Ibyo kuba igikoresho narabisabwe ariko ndabyanga. Uzarebe nyine abemera kuba ibikoresho ni ba bandi bahora bahuzagurika mu bitekerezo byabo.
Watumara amatsiko k’uburyo ubaho muri iki gihe nta kazi?
Ntunzwe n’igitunze nyabuturi [ndlr: umuturage nyakujya]. Umuturage udafite munsi y’urugo abaho ate? Uko abaho nanjye ni ko mbaho. Ubu nize uko umuturage utagira akazi abaho, nanjye mbaho gutyo. C’est miserable! Ariko narabyakiriye. Ubutwari nabuvanye he? Imana yari ifite byoseee! Itegeka byose. Yigize umuntu, yigira umukene. Uko yabayeho mu gikene nanjye niko mbaho. Nabyakiriye kandi mbyakira ntinuba, ntawe ntuka, ntawe ngira nte.Oherereza inshuti iyi nyandiko


text:
Mu rukundo ndetse no mu ngo z’ubu usanga intonganya n’imirwano bisigaye bisa n’ibisanzwe bidashobora guhagarikwa. Nyamara amagambo mabi y’intonganya ni nk’inkota ikatagura mu mutima ikahasiga inkovu z’igihe kirekire.
Kuba amagambo mabi afatwa nk’inkota byagakwiye
gutuma buri wese atekereza ku magambo agiye kuvuga cyane cyane iyo agiye
kuyabwira umukunzi we mu gihe utongana cyangwa urwana n’umugabo wawe cyangwa
umusore mukundana, hari ibyo mutumvikanyeho muri kumwe cyangwa mwandikirana kuri
telefoni.
Umunyamakuru wa INYARWANDA rero, hari ibyo
yabageneye mukwiye kwirinda kuvuga cyane ko bishobora gushyira iherezo ku
rukundo rwanyu.
1.Nturi
umugabo uhamye
Ahashize h’umugabo niho hamutera imbaraga, kandi iyo
habuze abura imbaraga zimusindagiza aho agana. Kumubwira ko atari umugabo
uhamye, bizamwicira icyizere kandi yumva nawe koko ntakwiye. Bizamubabaza igihe
kirekire cyane.
2.Kanaka
arakuruta
Ni ikosa ribi cyane kugereranya umugabo wawe n’abandi
kuko bimwereka ko ari mu irushanwa. Ntuzatume intonganya z’akanya gato zitesha
agaciro umugabo wawe mu buryo budasanzwe kuko umugabo wese iyo ava akagera
ntiyifuza kumva ko hari undi mugabo umuruta mu maso y'umugore we.
3.Nicuza
icyatumye tubana
Ibaze kugira ngo umujinya ugukoreshe ikosa risenya
burundu urugo rwawe kandi nta rwango ruri hagati yawe n’umukunzi wawe? Ushobora
kubiterwa n’umujinya ariko uzawuyobore ntuzakuyobore.
4.Ufite
imbaraga nke cyane
Imbaraga z’umugabo za mbere ni icyizere, kandi iyo
umugore we abibona bimutera kumva akomeye. Iyo abwiwe n’umugore we ko ari
umunyantege nke rero, bizamushyira hasi cyane kuko isoko y’imbaraga ze izaba
ikamye burundu. Izo ntonganya z’akanya gato kuki wemera ko ziba iherezo rya
byose? Uri imbaraga z’umugabo wawe mu ntege nke ze, ujye ubizirikana.
5.Ntuzibande
ku habi he hashize
Ba bagore benshi usanga batsindisha abagabo babo
ahashize habo habi nyamara nawe aguhindukiranye akagarura ahawe wababara
kumurenza. Ntabwo ari byiza kuko bituma nta kintu azongera gukora ngo yemere ko
ukimenya.
6.Mama yarakumbujije mbirengaho
Mu ntonganya zanyu zose ntuzigere na rimwe uzanamo
ababyeyi cyangwa ngo uvuge ikintu kimukomeretsa kuko ntazacyibagirwa. Ibi
bishobora gutuma yanga urunuka umuryango wawe kandi ari wowe ubiteye.
Hari amagambo dufata nk’asanzwe nyamara afite
imbaraga zidasanzwe yanababaza umuntu bikomeye cyane. Kandi erega ntiwatera
igiti cy’indimu ngo utegereze ko kizera imineke, ibyo ubibye nibyo usarura no
mu rukundo ni uko. Irinde mu magambo uvuga ubabaye cyangwa mu ntonganya
ntihazavemo ashyira iherezo ku rukundo rwanyu.