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Ihuriro ry’Abikorera mu bijyanye n’ingufu z’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda (Energy Private Developers – EPD) rigaragaza ko hari uburyo bushya bwakoreshwa mu kugeza amashanyarazi afite ingufu mu biturage hifashishijwe amakoperative.
Iri huriro ryamuritse ubu buryo ku mugaragaro kuri uyu wa 29 Ugushyingo 2016, mu mugoroba wiswe ‘Energy Business Dinner’ wabereye muri Kigali Serena Hotel, aho hagaragajwe inyigo yakozwe y’uburyo umuriro ufite ingufu wagezwe mu byaro.
Iyi nyigo yamurikiwe inzego zinyuranye zirimo Leta, Urwego rw’Abikorera (Private Sector Federation – PSF), Amakoperative n’izindi nzego zirimo itangazamakuru.
Umuyobozi wa EPD, Dr Ivan Twagirashema yatangaje ko ubusanzwe gushyira amashanyarazi umuntu umwe utuye ukwe byakorwaga mu buryo bugoranye, ko ubu buryo bushya buje gufasha Leta kurushaho kugeza ku baturage umuriro vuba.
Yagize ati “Turi kwiga uburyo twakoresha amakoperative asanzwe (ay’abahinzi b’icyayi, ay’abahinzi b’ikawa n’andi menshi agiye ari mu byiciro binyuranye) mu biturage kugira ngo tubashe kubagezaho noneho amashanyarazi binyuze muri ayo mahuriro y’amakoperative ahasanzwe. Izo koperative rero aho zigiye ziri ntabwo bahuza n’ikindi bahuzwa n’urwunguko. Niyo mpamvu rero kubashyira amashanyarazi ari ibintu byakorohera amasosiyete atanga amashanyarazi kuko aba abasanze ahantu hamwe.”
Uko bizakorwa
Dr Ivan Twagirashema atanga urugero rw’uko bizakorwa agira ati “Nko mu nganda z’ibyayi haba hari abahinzi bahinga icyayi bakagicuruza ku nganda, ni ukuvuga ngo icyayi bajyanye baracyishyurirwa. Icyo twaganiraga rero n’inganda z’icyari kwari ukugira ngo uruganda rwo rufite amafaranga rusanzwe rugura icyo cyayi rubishyurire bahabwe umuriro noneho umuturage azajye yishyura rwa ruganda gahoro gahoro bamukureho amafaranga make cyane. Icyo gihe umuturage bizamworohera ku buryo atazanumva ko hari amafaranga menshi yagiye ku buryo n’iyo babishyira ku myaka itanu, umuturage we azagenda akurwaho udufaranga duke duke we ntazanabibona ariko uruganda rwo kuko rufite amafaranga menshi rwo ruzaba rwayasohoye mbere kugira ngo rwa ruganda rw’umuriro rubashe kubaho”
Dr Twagirashema asobanura ko ibi bizareshya benshi mu bashoramari bifuzaga gushora imari yabo mu bijyanye no gutanga amashanyarazi, ati “Abashoramari n’abafite amafaranga bifuza gushora muri ibyo bintu bumva vuba iyo abantu bishyize hamwe.”
Amakoperative n’andi mashyirahamwe azemera kujya muri ubu buryo azafatwa nk’abanyamigabane, ku buryo n’abaturage barugana nabo bazabona inyungu.
Ati “Inyungu rero izaba yabonetse kuri wa muturageuhinga icyayi kuko azaba yabonye umuriro ariko nanone rwa ruganda nirutangira kunguka nawe azajya nawe agenerwa inyungu buri mwaka kuko ni umunyamigabane kuri rwa ruganda rwakozwe. ”
Iri huriro rigaragaza ko uyu muriro numara kugera mu cyaro, abaturage babyifuza bazoroherezwa kubona umuriro mwinshi wabafasha gutangira gukora ubucuruzi, no gucomeka ibindi bikoresho bitwara umuriro mwinshi.
Dr Twagirashema agira ati “Mu gutangira abaturage bose bazahabwa umuriro ungana, ariko njyewe niba nshaka gukora akabari ku ruhande cyangwa ngashaka gutangiza business yerekana imipira nifashishije televiziyo nini n’ibindi njyewe nzakora mu mufuka ngure umuriro urenze wa wundi nemerewe kuko ndi muri Kopetative. Icyo gihe rero bizaterwa n’ubushobozi bwa buri muntu bitewe na business agiye gukora n’ubushobozi bwe.”
Ku ruhande rwa Leta, Kamanzi Emmanuel, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo gishinzwe kongera ingufu (EDCL) we avuga ko bishimiye iyi nyigo, avuga ko hagiye gushyirwaho ibyafasha byose ngo bitangire.
Gusa avuga ko bwazanywe mu Rwanda hagendewe ku busanzwe bukoreshwa mu bindi bihugu birimo Zambiya, Tanzaniya, Ghana n’ahandi hanyuranye ku Isi, bityo ko hazabanza kurebwa niba koko buhuza n’imikorere isanzwe yo mu Rwanda.
Agira ati “Iyi nyigo dufashije kurushaho gutekereza ku buryo bworoshye twakoresha mu guha umuriro abaturage hifashishijwe amakoperative, ariko tuzabyigaho turebe uko twabihuza n’imibereho y’abaturage. Ese buzakora bute? Tugomba kubishungura tukareba niba uko mu bindi bihugu byashyizwe mu bikorwa, wenda u Rwanda rushobora rwo kuba ikinyuranyo.”
Kamanzi avuga kandi ko Leta iri gukora ibishoboka byose ngo inagabanye igiciro cy’umuriro ku baturage.
Ubu buryo buje gushyigikira no kunganira ubwa Mobisol, BBOXX, Munyax Eco n’ubundi busanzwe butanga ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba.


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Ibintu abana bagimbuka bashaka ku babyeyi babo
ubushakashatsi ku bana bageze mu bugimbi bwakozwe na Lawrence SCHIAMBERG wo muri kaminuza y’ I Michigan (USA) yashyize ahagaragara uko aba bana baba bashaka kubana n’ababyeyi babo igihe bageze muri iki kigero cya adolescence.
Kubatega ugutwi no kubumva : n’ubwo wakumva ko ari kukubeshya cyangwa se utemeranywa nawe, mutege ugutwi rwose kuko kuganira nawe(dialogue) biramufasha.
Kumwitaho no kumuganiriza umufasha : abana bageze muri iki kigero bakeneye ko babitaho cyane cyane ko ababyeyi baba barababoneye izuba. Bakeneye cyane inama z’ababyeyi.
Kubaha urukundo rwinshi : umwana akeneye kumva ko umubyeyi we amuri iruhande, burya iyo ukunda umuntu uramubabarira, abana nabo baba baziko ibintu bimwe na bimwe bakora bibabaza ababyeyi ariko bakeneye ko mubaha imbabazi ndetse no kubereka urukundo
Kubagirira ikizere : abana bakeneye ko ababyeyi babagirira ikizere aho guhora babafata nk’abana, bakumva ko hari icyo na bo bashoboye bakabaha inshingano zimwe na zimwe .
Kubareka bakigenga gato : iyo umwana ageze mukigero cya adolescence aba atangiye gufungura amaso, aha rero kwigenga bavuga ni ukumureka akaba yakwifatira ibyemezo bimwe na bimwe, uku kwigenga rero kugenda gukura akaba yashobora kuvamo umuntu uzi gufata ibyemezo, ababyeyi rero ntibakwiye kubipfukirana.
abana rero bari muri iki kigero ni ubwo baba batangiye gukura ariko baba bakiri abana, bashobora gukora amakosa, ni ukwitondera uko ubafata bakamenyera kuganiriza ababyeyi kurenza abandi bose.
Mukatete Paulette

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


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Imico iranga umukobwa/umugore wiyizera
Kuba umugore cyangwa umukobwa wubashywe ni kimwe mu bintu umuntu wese w’umugore aharanira kugeraho. Iyo wumvise abayobozi bakomeye ku isi b’abagore bavuga rikijyana nka Angela Merkel, Oprah Winfrey wibaza uburyo babigenje ngo bagere aho bari kurubu.
Ariko iteka n’abakiri bato baharanira kwitwara nkabo, tugiye kukubwira imwe mu mico n’imyitwarire y’abagore bihagazeho nawe waheraho ukiga.
1. Bemera ko bakosheje
Nta muntu numwe ukora ibyiza gusa, ni nayo mpamvu abagore bashaka kugera kure ndetse bihagezeho usanga bakunda gukosorwa iteka baharanira gukora neza ibitagenze neza.
Usanga iteka bazi ko bashobora gutsindwa, iteka bagaharanira gukora neza ndetse bakumva icyo abandi batekereza kubyo bakoze.
2. Bazi guhakana
Bamwe banavuga ko ari umuco mubi guhakana utabanje gusigiriza, aba siko biba bimeze kuko bo bahitamo kuvugisha ukuri kuruta uko babeshya.
3. Bazi gutega amatwi
Usanga batihutira kubwira umuntu ko yakoze nabi cyangwa ngo bamubwire nabi ahubwo iteka babanza kumva, bagatega amatwi icyo abantu bashaka kubabwira, bagaha agaciro ibyo abandi bashaka kubabwira.
4. Ntibishushanya
Abagore bazi icyo bashaka ntago bakora ibintu ngo bashimwe cyangwa ngo bihinduranye kugirango barusheho kuvugwa cyane ahubwo usanga iteka bashyiramo imbaraga ngo barusheho gukora neza ariko bahereye kubyo bafite badasabirije.
5. Bemera gukunda no gukundwa
Batitaye ku bintu byababayeho mu rukundo rwa kera, bemera gukunda kandi bakigira kubyahise bitagenze neza. Iteka bahora biteguye gutanga ibyiza bafite batagereranije abo bahuye nabo bwa mbere nabo bari kumwe muri icyo gihe.
6. Bazi gusaba ubufasha iyo igihe kigeze
Nkuko umuyobozi mukuru akenera abandi bo hasi bamufasha, umugore uzi icyo ashaka asaba ubufasha iyo abukeneye ntago avunika wenyine cyangwa ango yiharire ahubwo asaba ko n’abandi bamufasha, agaca bugufi.
7. Bazi kwakira no gushyira ku mu ruongo amarangamutima yabo
Nubwo biba bisa nkaho bigoye iyo bahuye n’ikintu kibabaje ntago bahindurwa n’ibibabayeho ahubwo bagerageza kubyakira vuba bakanarwanira kugirango bishire vuba.
8. Birinda icyatuma bicuza
Umugore uzi icyo ashaka yemera ko ikintu cyose kiba kubw’impamvu, akirinda kwicuza ahubwo agaharanira kwigira ku bintu byamubayeho ndetse akirinda ko ahangayikishwa no kuba yakoze ikintu ntigikunde ahubwo akumva ko byose bifite impamvu.
9. Bafasha abandi.
Abagore b’imico myiza bafasha inshuti n’abavandimwe birinda kuba ba nyamwigendaho ahubwo bagafasha abandi kugirango bababe hafi, ndetse bakabatega amatwi bakabaha igihe ndetse bakabakunda ubundi bakirinda kuba ba nyakamwe.
Iyi ni imwe mu mico iranga umugore mwiza ndetse wihagazeho, uharanira gutera imbere no kugera kuri byinshi.
Pamela


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Kwimukira muri site y’umudugudu byatanze umurima munini wo guhingira hamwe
Abari batuye kuri uyu musozi bimukiye mu mudugudu wa Mucunda uri ruguru yawo hafi y’umuhanda
Gagunda yo gutura ku midugudu iragenda igaragaza umusaruro. Abaturage bari batuye mu murenge wa Rusatira mu karere ka Huye bimukiye muri site y’umudugudu wa Mucunda bavuga ko gutura hamwe byatumye haboneka umurima munini wo guhingamo bungana na hegitari 35.
Umuyobozi w’Akagari ka Buhimba ari nako karimo uyu mudugudu, Irivuzimana Jean Bosco, avuga ko bateganya gutera imyumbati kuri hegitari 25 ahasigaye hagahingwa ibishyimbo n’ibigori.
Irivuzimana akomeza asobanura ko nubwo bahingira hamwe, abaturage bazakomeza kujya basarura mu mirima yabo kuko imbago zidakurwaho. Abaturage bazahabwa imbuto zo guhingamo hanyuma bagakomeza kwita ku bihingwa byo mu mirima yabo ubwabo. Icyo bazasabwa n’ubuyobozi ni kimwe: gutanga imbuto kuri bagenzi babo na bo bazakenera guhinga imyumbati.
Kubera ko imyumbati ihinze ku buso bungana kuriya ari myinshi ku buryo nta wakwizera ko ba nyira yo bayirya bakayimara, Irivuzima yavuze ko muri Rusatira hari inganda 2 zitunganya ubugari bw’imyumbati. Rumwe ni urw’uwitwa Dusabe Christine ruri aho bita i Rusatira rutunganya ifu yitwa Gumino, urundi ni urw’uwitwa Nyaruhirira ruri ahitwa i Mugogwe.
Hari n’uruganda bita Icyiniko rwa Koperative Nyeganyega y’i Gafumba. Nubwo iyi koperative igishakisha uburyo na yo yagira impapuro zabugenewe zo gushyiramo ifu batunganya, Icyiniko cyabo na rwo ni uruganda.
Abaturage bimutse ku bushake bwabo
Biturutse kuri gahunda yo kurwanya nyakatsi, abaturage bari batuye muri bene izo nzu (nyakatsi) basabwe kubaka bushyashya ariko bimuriwe mu mudugudu wo guturamo wa Mucunda. Abari basigaye batuye kuri ako gasozi kitwa Ikibahima, babonye nta kamaro ko kugumya gutura bonyine na bo biyemeza kubasanga yo. Abatuye ku midugudu babona umuriro n’amazi ku buryo bworoshye, abana babo bigira hafi, barwara bakivuriza hafi ndetse no kugera ku buyobozi bw’Umurenge bikaborohera.


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Uko wakwirinda gusesagura mu iminsi mikuru
Mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru usanga ingo nyinshi zikoresha amafaranga ku buryo butateguwe, ndetse bamwe bikabagiraho ingaruka mu ntangiriro z’umwaka kandi baba bafite byinshi bibasaba amafaranga nk’amashuri y’abana. Dore uburyo wakoresha neza umutungo wawe mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru ukirinda ubukene buyikurikira.
Mwicare mushyire kuri gahunda ibintu byose mukeneye : biba byiza iyo umuryango wicaye hamwe ukaganira ukuntu uzishimira iminsi mikuru. Abana bakabazwa mbere ibyo bakeneye ndetse n’ababyeyi nabo bakabishyira kuri gahunda hakurikijwe amafaranga mufite. Kubaza umwana icyo ashaka mbere bituma umunsi wo kujya kumugurira uzaba uzi icyo uzagura, atari bya bindi byo kujyana n’umwana icyo ashatse cyose ukagura.
Niba mufite uko mutanga impano mu muryango cyangwa hanze yawo biba byiza nabyo mubishyize kuri gahunda y’ibintu byose bizakoreshwa mu minsi mikuru , abashyitsi muzatumira niba mufite ibirori, icyo muzabakiriza n’ibindi.
Genda urenzaho bike bike ku bintu mwapanze : mumaze gushyira kuri gahunda ibintu byose mukamenya amafaranga muzakoresha ni byiza kumenya ko hari amafaranga make usigaranye ashobora kugufasha mu gihe ugize ibintu bigutunguye muri iyo minsi mikuru nko kugira abashyitsi benshi utateganije cyangwa no kujya guhaha mugasanga ibintu byahenze.
Guhaha hakiri kare : Niba umaze gushyira kuri gahunda ibyo uzakenera tangira guhaha hakiri kare kuko akenshi iyo utangiye guhaha iyo minsi yageze usanga hamwe na hamwe ibiciro bizamuka bikaba byatuma ya gahunda mwihaye itagenda neza ngo igende uko mubyifuza.
Kunyurwa n’ibyo mufite : niba mwashyize kuri gahunda ibyo muzakoresha wirebera ku bandi mu gihe muri ku isoko mwagiye guhaha ngo nuko baguze ibi ngo nawe ubigure. Aha turavuga abantu bajya guhaha bakajyana n’abandi b’inshuti zabo ugasanga bagenda biganana ibyo umwe aguze n’undi agahita abigura.
Irinde gukururwa n’amapromosiyo y’iminsi mikuru : Ni byiza niba ugiye guhaha ukabona ikintu mukeneye ukakigura ariko na none jya ushishoza wirinde kwita kuri za promotion ziba ziri mu maguriro kuko zishobora gutuma ugura ibyo utateganije kandi wenda bitari bikenewe cyane.
Gracieuse Uwadata
photo : google


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ISOMO RYA MBERE
Isomo ryo mu gitabo cy’Umuhanuzi Amosi (Am 3,1-8)
1Nimwumve ijambo Uhoraho ababwiye, bana ba Israheli, mwe n’umuryango wose navanye mu gihugu cya Misiri. 2Ni mwebwe mwenyine namenye mu miryango yose yo ku isi; ni yo mpamvu nzabibaryoza mbaziza ibicumuro byanyu byose. 3Mwabonye abantu babiri bafatanya urugendo batabanje kubisezerana ? 4Mbese hari ubwo intare itontoma mu ishyamba itabonye icyo ihiga ? Icyana cy’intare se cyomonganya ijwi mu ndiri yacyo nta cyo cyafashe ? 5Mbese inyoni igwa mu mutego ntacyo bayishukishije ? Umutego se washibuka ari ntacyo ufashe ? 6Ihembe se ryo ryavugira mu mugi, abantu ntibaryamire amajanja ? Hari ubwo se ibyago byatera mu mugi, atari Uhoraho ubiteye ? 7Nyagasani Uhoraho rero nta cyo akora adahishuriye ibanga rye abagaragu be, abahanuzi. 8Intare itontomye ni nde utatinya ? Nyagasani Uhoraho avuze, ni nde utahanura ?
ZABURI (Zab 5, 2-3, 5-6a, 6b-7)
Inyik/ Uhoraho, girira ubutungane bwawe maze unyobore.
Uhoraho, tega amatwi ibyo nkubwira,
ushishikarire kumva amaganya yanjye.
Hugukira ijwi ryanjye rigutabaza;
Mwami wanjye kandi Mana yanjye, ni wowe ntakambira.
Nta bwo uri Imana yuzura n’ikibi,
umugome ntiyakirwa iwawe.
Umunyagasuzuguro ntaguhinguka imbere.
Uzirana n’abagizi ba nabi bose,
ukarimbura abanyabinyoma.
Umuntu wese w’umuhendanyi cyangwa w’umwicanyi,
Uhoraho nta bwo arebana na we.
IBANGONDIRIMBO RIBANZIRIZA IVANJILI (Zab 130 (129), 5)
Alleluya Alleluya
Nizeye Uhoraho n’umutima wanjye wose,
nizeye ijambo rye.
Alleluya
IVANJILI
+ Matayo (Mt 8, 23-27)
Muri icyo gihe, 23Yezu aherekejwe n’abigishwa be, bajya mu bwato. 24Ni bwo habyutse umuhengeri mwinshi mu nyanja, imivumba irenga ubwato. Nyamara we yari asinziriye. 25Baramwegera baramukangura, bavuga bati “Nyagasani, dutabare turashize !” 26Arababwira ati “Muratinya iki, mwa bemera gato mwe ?” Hanyuma arahaguruka ategeka umuyaga n’inyanja, maze haratuza cyane. 27Nuko abo bantu baratangara, baravuga bati “Uyu ni muntu ki, imiyaga n’inyanja byumvira !”


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Rwanda | Akarere ka Kirehe katangije icyumweru cyo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge
Kuva ku itariki ya 14 Gashyantare mu karere ka Kirehe mu ntara y’iburasirazuba hatangijwe icyumweru cyahariwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge birimo urumogi na Kanyanga. Nkuko ubuyobozi butandukanye More...
Barateganya gushyiraho uruganda rw isukari mu minsi itaha
Mu rugendo Minisitiri w’ubucuruzi n’inganda Francois Kanimba hamwe n’umunyamabanga uhoraho muri minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi kuri tariki ya 11 mutarama, 2012 bagiriye uruzinduko More...


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Bamwe mu bakoresha batunzwe agatoki gufatirana abakobwa barangije kwiga
Bamwe mu banyeshuri barangije muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, baravuga hari bamwe mu bagabo bafatirana abakobwa barangije kwiga bakabakoresha ibyo bashatse.
Kuri bamwe bo banemeza ko kuba udafite uwawe ugufata ku kaboko ngo aguhe akazi, byaba ari inzozi nubwo Leta ibabwira kwihangira akazi.
Bamwe mu banyeshuri baganiriye n’ikinyamakuru izubarirashe.rw, bemeza ko nk’ubu iyo bamaze guhabwa impamyabumenyi ari bwo bamwe mu bakobwa bagwa mu bishuko byo gushaka akazi bagatanga imibiri yabo baryamana n’abagabo kugirango bakabone.
Ibi babivuze kuri uyu wa gatanu tariki ya 29 Nyakanga 2016, ubwo bahabwaga impamubumenyi kuri stade Amahoro.
Mu mpanuro Perezida Kagame yahaye aba banyeshuri, yababwiye ko baje ku isoko ry’umurimo aho bagiye guhanganira akazi ari benshi, gusa ababwira ko ari gake ugereranyije n’uko bangana.
Bamwe mu banyeshuri bahawe impamyabumenyi (Ifoto/Perezidansi)
Perezida Kagame yababwiye ko icyo bakwiye gushyira imbere ari ukwihangira imirimo bo ubwabo ahubwo gusaba akazi.
Abaganiriye n’iki kinyamakuru basanga bigoye.
Uwayo Christine urangije mu ishuri rya ISAE Busogo, kuri we agira ati “Muri rusange rwose udafite umuntu ugufasha mu muryango ntabwo rwose wabona akazi, yewe kubona igishoro ni uko ugomba kuba ufite umuntu ukomeye mu muryango wenda akaba yagufasha, kuvuga ngo uzabona miliyoni cyangwa ibihumbi Magana ntabwo byatworohera.”
Christine ufite imyaka 23, kuri we avuga ko iyo abanyeshuri cyane cyane ab’abakobwa barangije amashuri, usanga abenshi bahura n’ibishuko byo kwishora mu busambanyi.
Yunzemo ati “Bibaho rwose aho abakobwa batanga iyo ruswa, akenshi abagabo bagufatirana iyo bamaze kukubona ko umerewe nabi, mbese ushaka nk’amavuta yo kwisiga kandi iwanyu badafite ubushobozi, ariko ntabwo twakagombye kugwa muri ibyo bishuko rwose, gusa bibaho.”
Aba banyeshuri kandi bagaragaza ko ikibazo cy’imisoro nacyo gikomeje kubangamira abagerageje gutangiza udushinga duto, kuko ngo hari n’aho bigera ugasanga imisoro utanze iruta igishoro watangije.
Habumuremyi Donat we urangije mu ishuri rikuru ry’uburezi (KIE), we avuga ko nubwo ubu ari umwarimu mu Karere ka Gakenke, ariko nawe azi ko akazi kagoye kukabona.
Agira ati “Nibyo akazi karagoye kukabona hanze aha, gusa njyewe icyo nasaba abarangije ni ukumva ko no kuba barangije ari ishema rikomeye.”
Muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, umwe mu ba depite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda, yavuze ko biteye agahinda kuba u Rwanda rugiye kuba nka Sodoma na Gomora.
Depite Mukarugema Alphonsine yavuze ibi nyuma y’aho umuryango urwanya ruswa n’akarengane Transparency international Rwanda, uhamagajwe muri komisiyo ishinzwe imibereho y’abaturage mu Nteko ngo igaragaze uko ikibazo cya ruswa mu mitangire y’akazi gihagaze mu mwaka wa 2014/2015.
Uyu muryango wavuze ko mu mwaka wa 2014/2015, abakobwa cyangwa abagore bangana na 50% bagiye kwaka akazi, basabwe kuryamana n’abagombaga kukabaha, ababuze akazi kubera kwanga gutanga iyo ruswa bari 32.7%, bavuze ko bemeye ko bakabuze, 29.1% bari abakobwa bakora imirimo y’ubunyamabanga, 10.9% ni igitsina gabo bakora mu mirimo iciriritse.
Izuba Rirashe


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Ibi Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, Francis Kaboneka, yabitangarije abanyamakuru mu kiganiro yagiranye nabo kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki ya 18 Ugushyingo 2016.
Urwego rw’irangamimirere rwa leta nirwo rutanga ibyangombwa biherwaho mu guha umuntu ibyemezo bitandukanye bimufasha kubona serivisi zitandukanye akenera, ndetse ni na rwo rwego rwemewe n’amategeko rwandika imimerere y’umuntu kuva avutse kugera apfuye.
Ni muri uwo rwego nyuma yo gusesengura ibibazo bigaragara muri serivisi y’irangamimerere, hateguwe ukwezi kw’irangamimerere kuzatangira tariki 23 Ugushyingo kugeza 23 Ukuboza 2016, ku bufatanye bwa Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu (MINALOC), iy’Ubutabera (MINIJUST), iy’Ubuzima (Minisante), iy’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango n’ibigo birimo icy’umushinga w’Ingandamuntu (NIDA) n’icy’ibarurishamibare (NISR). Uko kwezi kuzabera mu turere twose 30 ku rwego rw’imirenge n’utugari.
Minisitiri Kaboneka yavuze ko kutabona ibyangombwa by’irangamimerere ngo bishobora kuba imbogamizi ku bantu bakemera serivisi zitandukanye za leta n’iz’abikorera.
Ati “Gushyingiranwa kubihagarara biba bisaba ko hari ikimenyetso simusiga kigaragaza ko mwashyingiranwe. Urugero, iyo ugiye gusaba inguzanyo muri banki bakagusaba uwo mwashakanye uba ugomba kwerekana icyemeza ko mwashakanye. Iyo utagifite, hari abo bidindiza. Turashaka ko nacyo kugikemura.”
Yakomeje avuga ko muri uku kwezi ndetse no mu gihe kizakurikiraho, hazakorwa byinshi ku bijyanye n’irangamimerere ku buryo nta muntu uzabura serivisi cyangwa amahirwe atandukanye kubera ikibazo gikomoka ku irangamimerere.
Ibyo bizakorwa mu gukangurira ababyeyi kwandikisha abana babo mu bitabo by’irangamimerere n’ibindi. Gukangurira abaturage gushyingiranwa mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko no kwandukuza abapfuye. Hazabaho kandi kumenyekanisha ibiri mu itegeko rigenga abantu n’umuryango bijyanye n’irangamimerere no gukangurira abaturage n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze akamaro k’irangamimerere rikora neza.
Kaboneka yavuze ko ibibazo bitandukanye bizakemurwa mu bijyanye n’iryo rangamimerere , harimo kwandika abana batandikishijwe n’ababyeyi, kugira ngo abatabafite n’abatazi aho bakomoka bitazababera intambamyi yo kutandikwa.
Ibyo bizakorwa abana bose bandikwa bitongeye kugora bamwe kubandika ari uko ababyeyi bombi bajyanye kubandikisha no kwandika abashyizwe mu miryango bavanywe mu bigo by’imfubyi n’ahandi.
Kaboneka ati “Icyo nabizeza ni uko nta Munyarwanda uzabura amahirwe kuko yabuze ayo kugira ababyeyi be, cyangwa atazi aho akomoka.”
Hatanzwe urugero rw’abana barokotse Jenoside bashobora kuba batazi aho bakomoka, abatoragurwa ndetse n’abari mu bigo by’imfubyi hiyongereyeho abajyanwa Iwawa. Abo bose ngo hari uburyo bwo gushaka aho bakomoka kugira ngo bandikwe ku miryango yabo, ariko ko abo bitazamenyekana bazandikwa kuri leta, ibavuze, ibarihirire n’ibindi.
Iryo rangamimerere kandi ngo rizakorwa no ku bana bavutse hifashishijwe uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga.
Ibibazo bigaragara mu irangamimerere muri iki gihe, birimo ibiterwa n’ibura ry’ibitabo by’irangamimerere bitewe n’ibibazo byabaye mu Rwanda byatumye ibitabo by’irangamimerere bibura, ibyatwitswe igihe cy’intambara y’abacengezi n’ibyabuze mu gihe amakomini yahindurwaga uturere.
Leta igiye kandi gufasha abana bafite kuva ku myaka 18 gusubiza hasi, kwandikwa mu bitabo by’irangamimerere, abayirengeje bo bakaba basabwa kuzabyikurikiranira ku batanditse.
Muri uko kwezi abaturage bazamenyeshwa ibiri mu Itegeko rigenga abantu n’Umuryango ryahinduwe muri 2016, kuko iryakoreshwaga ari iryo mu 1988.
Minisitiri w’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, Nyirasafari Esperance, yavuze ko itegeko ryahinduwe wasangaga ririmo ingingo zibangamiye ihame ry’uburinganire.
Amafoto: Mahoro Luqman


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BY KIGARAMA MWENE SEMISABIKE
Mbanje kugusuhuza kandi nkwifuriza ibihe byiza. Ndagirango ntangire nkwibwira nubwo ushobora kuba utitaye kumenya ariko njye kuva uri umwana wumuyobozi wacu ntacyatuma ntita kukumenya kuko decisions zose umubyeyi wawe afata zirandeba kuko iyo ari nziza zinzanira ibyishimo zabambi zikanzanira umuruho. Iyaba uri umukobwa wavutse mumuryango usanzwe simba mfashe igihe cyanjye nkwandikira kenze ahari duhuriye murusengero nabwo nagusaba inomero kuko sinaba ngutinya nkakoherereza ubutumwa bugufi. Sinakwirirwa nagato nandika kumbuga Nkoranambaga kugirango nkugezeho ikibazo cyanjye.
AHO NKOMOKA NAMAZINA YANJYE
Muri make rero nzinduwe nibibazo bibiri birebana nubuzima bwuru Rwanda njye nawe dusangiye nkabanyarwanda. Duhuriye kubintu byinshi kurusha ibidutanya ariko icyingenzi duhuriyeho nuko twese twibonye muriki gihugu nkabanyarwanda. Ntabwo twigeze tubisaba. Twabonye ababyeyi bacu bapanga kugira abana maze muli 1987 imba ndavutse ubwo umubyeyi wanjye yari yaremye isoko ryo mu RUGARAMA aho yari yagiye kugurisha ihene ye ngo abone ayo kugurira ifu yigikoma mama waruntwite. Nguko uko nagiye gukura nkumva ngo nitwa KIGARAMA. Umusaza we yari yitwa SEMISABIKE. Ubajije neza hano iwacu kera ngo harangwaga nikigage cya hatari cyakuraga abagabo mubandi. Iyo wanywaga ikigage cyo mu RUGARAMA ukamara igikombe cya MUHINZI mo incuro ebyiri. Nticyakangwaga ko wabaga wambaye karuvati cg se mugondo. Umugabo muzima wivukiye ari umuhinzi yahitaga abona ko yaguze imodoka maze munzozi ze ikigage cyiwacu kikamweraka yicaye kuri volant cg Steering mujrurimi mumva neza maze imodoka sukuyitwara ukajya kubona umugabo wubukombe akunyuzeho yirukanka ahinda nkimodoka ngo" VUUUUUuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuZzzzzzzzzzziiiiiii." ubwo erega utava munzira ukaba wahura naraye nanzira. Ngo Nyogokuru Nyiramisozo yakundaga kugira ikigage kiryoshye cyane. Ubwo data ajya kuvuka Nyogokuru yarimo kuvoma amazi yo GUSABIKA nuko izina rya data SEMISABIKE ryaje ubwo ngiye kwibona uyumunsi nsanga nitwa KIGARAMA MWENE SEMISABIKE nkuko nawe witwa ANGE KAGAME.
Nkuyoboye rero ntuye hafi yaho bakunda kwita mu RUGARAMA, mugace ka BURERA muri District ya MUSANZE. Ariko kuko hari nabandi bantu babanyarwanda bari hanze yigihugu kandi iyi nkuru ishobora kugirira akamaro kubera ibyo nateguye kugire ngo tuganire muriyi nkuru bifitiye abanyarwanda bose akamaro. Nkundira mvuge aho ntuye nkoresheshe amazina yambere yuko Papa wawe ahindura uru Rwanda akarwita amazina abesnhi muritwe byanatunaniye gushira mubikorwa kuko twavutse iwacu hitwa Commune KIDAHO, Prefecture ya RUHENGERI. Isoko ritwegereye kuva kera niryo mu RUGARAMA. Nkugejejeho ibi kuberako ari ingenzi kuriyi nyandiko yanjye nkwandikiye nkumunyarwanda. Ntacyo imfa nawe kuko ntiwahisemo kuvuka uri umunyarwanda nkuko nanjye ntabihisemo. Twese byaratugwiririye. Guhindura amazina yurwanda rwari rusanganywe ndumva ataribyo byari byihutirwa kurusha ibindi bibazo twebwe abanyarwanda tuziranyeho ko u Rwanda rufite. Ariko byarabaye kandi turabyemera.
Nubwo ntamashuri menshi mfite nkabandi njya mbona iruhande rwanjye kukoranabuhanga byo nakwibara mubateye imbere babanyarwanda kuko nakwicara kuri mudasobwa nkandika ndetse byarimba nkaba najya kuri twitter kugirango ngo ndebe ibyo leta ya Mzee yaduteguriye. Yewe niyo naramutse neza njya kuri internet maze ngasoma ibinyamakuru uhereye kubyahano iwacu nka Kigali Today, IGIHE.Com, ndetse na Kigali Paparrazzi. Ibyo ariko ntibimbuza kujya ku Nyarwanda.com ndetse nkambuka namahanga nkajya ngasoma BBC World Service, Jeunne Afrique na Le Monde, CNN ndetse na ALJAZEERA, ntibagiwe na THE EAST AFRICAN.
NKURIKIRA UYU MWALI KURI TWITTER
Kuri twitter yawe ndagukurikira haribyinshi nkwigiraho ariko haribibili nifuzako tuganiraho uyu munsi naniyo mpamvu nandintse iyi nkuru. Ndahera kuri tweet yawe yo mukwezi kwa Kamena cg se June 15 aho wifurizaga umubyeyi wawe anariwe mukuru wigihugu bwana Paul Kagame umunsi mwiza wababyeyi babagabo cg se mururimi rwurutirano FATHER'S DAY. Wagize uti: "You are the most incredible man I know. Thank you for giving me the world. Happy Father's Day. I love you daddy!" {UMUNTU AGENEKEREJE MUKINYARWANDA URAGIRA UTI" KUVA NABAHO NIWOWE MUGABO WIGITANGAZA INZI. WARAKOZE KUNZANA HANO MWISI. GIRA UMUNSI MWIZA WAGAHEBUZO DATA} Ibi nibyigikundiro kandi birahimbaje. Umubyeyi wese aho arihose yakwifuza ko umwana we amubwira amagambo meza nkayo. Kandi umwana wese ufite umutima nibyiza kugirango ajye yibuka ibyiza ababyeyi be bamukoreye icyambere nukumurera bakamukuza. Ibyo bihesha ishema kandi nkuko Iso akunda kubitubwira munteko nokumaradio. Ningombwa ko twihesha agaciro. Ibyo wavuze nimurigahunda yoguhesha agaciro umubyeyi wawe. Nkaba nanjye ngusabira imigisha kumana na Gihanga wahanze u Rwanda.
Aya magambo yawe yanteye kwibazabyinshi kuri wowe. Mubyukuri abantu besnhi bamaze iminsi bakuvugaho cyane cyane aho wagiriye i Washington DC na so. Byari byiza kandi byigikundiro. Sindabigarukaho kuko abantu besnhi babyanditseho kandi nzineza ko uri DotCom ubwo nawe warisomeye. Abo hanze benshi muribo baragutatse ndetse nabamwe mubanyarwanda ariko hari nabandi batanze impamnuro. Ndizerako muriki gihe cya Twitter ufata impande zombi nturebe abakuvuga neza gusa burya nabarya baba bakujora harigihe baba bafite ubutumwa bwinshi baba bashaka kukugezaho cyane cyane ko bamaze kumenya ko uri "Dad's girl" cyanga se tugenekereje "Umutoniwase." Naniyo mpamvu ngize ngo twiganirire kumatweets yawe kuko nziko uzagirana ikiganiro naso. Yenda ubwo yanze kumvira abandi harigihe wamuha impanuro yagirira twese abanyarwanda akamaro.
UBURYO NASHAKA GUTWEETING SEMISABIKE
Waravuze uti ntawundi mubyeyi nigeze mbona wigitangaza nkawe Data kandi ndagukunda ugire umunsi mwiza wababyeyi Data. Ibi nkimara kubisoma nahise nibuka ko nibagiwe kubwira Data ayo magambo meza. Nanjye nirukankiye mumufuka ngo nkuremo telefone maze mutweet cg se Mufacebook mubwira nti: "You are the most incredible man I know. Thank you for giving me the world. Happy Father's Day. I love you daddy!" Nashakaga no gukomeza nti Data urimfisi rwimiriza mbere ukaba warambyayemo iyubukombe. Rudatatira igihango mwene Semisabike agasabika ababisha akungurura urukundo iyonkumi zimubonye zuzura ubwuzu maze imibiri yazo ikuzura ituze ritumira uburumbuke. Ariko ngeze kuri telefone nibutse ko ntanimero ya Semisabike mfite. Kandi niyo nyigira ntabwo ari kuri facebook cg twitter. ubwo nahise nibaza ntibishoboka bite umuntu wari directeri wikigo cyamashuri utagira fone. Ubwo nirukankiye imuhira ngirango mbaze Semisabike impamvu yasigaye inyuma mwiterambere nkumuyobozi. ubwo singeze imuhira. Nasanganiwe n'Umukecuru Suzana ariwe mama wanjye. Inseko yuzuye urukundo ruvanze nagahinda yaturukaga mumisaya ye yahombaniye imburagihe kubera ubupfakazi bwamuziye akiri muto dore ko yarinjye na murumuna wanjye RUBADUKA yasigaranye kandi akatunambaho none ubu tukaba dukuze. Nawe urabona umubyeyi warubyaye umwana we wamere muli 1987 nubara uramenya neza aho 1994 yamusanze naho Songamana ya 1997 yamusize. Nuko mbonye agahinda kuzuye muaso ha Suzana ubwo nahise nzinga umunnya kuko sinashakaga kumwibutsa agahinda twari tumaze kubwibagiza.
Ubwo yanyitegerezaga yabonaga ko harikintu nashakaga kumubwira cg nkamubaza. Ariko narbyohoreye ahubwo nahisemo uyu munsi kukubwira uko Semisabike byamugendeye nicyatumye ntamubona kuri twitter uyumunsi. Hari muri 1997 ubwo ingabo za RPF zadukoreye aakbeyure maze zimwe zituruka kuri Commune Kidaho izindi zituruka iya Ruhondo. Zadukubise igiti ziradushushubikanya nuko ubwo tugeze hafi yaho bahoze bita kwa NTUYENABO duhura nizindi ziturutse za Nyange ubwo zitumanukana nkiyagatera ziturasamo urufaya tugiye kwibona twibona Mugahunga. Ntibyatinze ubwo ziradushushubikanya feri yambere yari kumashuri ya BUKANA muruhengeri. Twagiye kureba inyuma yacu tubona nitwebwe dusigaye mumibyare yintoke. Ubwo zikomeje kudushushubikanya ntibyatinze ubwo twibonye KUBUVUMO BWA MUSANZE. Izari ziturutse kumukamira batubwirako zigeze ku kimonyi. Erega ubwo SEMISABIKE aba amwumiye mukibuno abura ayo acira nayo yamira. Nari kubitugu bye na Rubaduka ari mumugongo wa Mama. Nkumubyeyi wigitangaza washakaga gukiza abe yatwohereje mubuvumo bwa Musanze nuko we asigara ahagaze kumarembo yamashuri ya Musanze arenza uburari kugirango Mukotanyi atamenya aho twihishe. Erega ubwo mukotanyi aba amufatiye hejuru. Ngo ababibonye Mukotanyi yamukubise cya Bazoka cg rocket imutwara amaguru yombi ari igice cya ruguru gisigara arikizima maze arambura amaboko arikuvuga ati "NYAMUNEKA NIMUNTABARE NDUMVA AMAGURU ATARIMO GUHAGARA." Ariko urabyumva nawe mukotanyi yahanyuze aseka cyane. Nyuma twaje kuva mubuvumo mama amubonye amenya ko ari Semisabike uhagaramye. Ntiyigeze ahatujyana kugirango tutazakurana iyo shusho ya Data agaramye mumuhanda nkumwambuzi. Ngiyo impamvu yatumye ntabona SEMISABIKE kuri twitter iyimwaka yose ndetse nizaza.
INKURU YA NYIRAKAMANA NIFOTO YARI KURI TWITTER YAWE
Inkuru ya SEMISABIKE ntiyari iyambere mumuryango wacu. Reka da wagirango RPF yaje ituziye. Muli 1994 mukwezi kwa Gatandatu nubundi twarimo duhunga twerekeza iya Goma. Ubwo RPF yaririmo ishushubikanya abanyarwanda ababi nabeza mbere yuko ba Godfathers banyu nka Clinton batubatiza abajenocideri. Uwo mwaka narimfite imyaka 7 nkaba ariho narintangiye gusoma nokwandika. Twarimo guhunga numuryango wacu wose. Aha ndavuga guhera kuri Semisabike na Suzana, banyogokuru nabamasenge ndetse nabamarume bagendaga badusunika kumagare. Ndibuka nicaye hejuru yimisaambi nuburingiti ngo twagombaga kujya turaramo nikiradio kinini twitaga CYAMA kikaba cyari icya oncle witwaga NIGIRENTE. cyarimo kigenda kitubwira aho amabomb ya papa wawe ageze. Nibwo twagiye ngo tugeraho aho bita kimonyi hafi yo muruvunda ahahoze hitwa muri Mukingo ubu niza Mutobo na Shingiro nibwo Nyirakamana yitabye iyamuremye maze umwanawe Samusoni twitaga Kigingi agakomeza kumwicara iruhande atazi ko atazongera kugira nyina ukundi ko byarangiye. Mubyukuri iyi foto ntamuntu idatera agahinda ariko abantu nka Kigingi bo ibakora munkovu mugihe babona umuntu ubategeka ariwe watumye batarerwa nababyeyi babo kandi bakaba batanemerewe no kubivugaho. Nsomye amagambi wavuze kuriyi photo kuri twitter yawe yitwa @AngeKagame. wagize uti " PLZ DONT IGNORE. THE BOY IS TRYING TO WAKE HIS DEAD MOM. I CANT STAND THIS PHOTO. TEARS FORM IN MY EYES WHEN I LOOK AT THIS PIC. MAY GOD GIVE THIS KID FOOD, SHELTER, AND EDUCATION. DONT CONTINUE WITHOUT TYPING AMEN. Ibyo wavuze kwiyi foto bigaragaza ko wowe ufite umutima wa Kimuntu. Iso niwe watumye kigingi nanjye tuba muri situation nkiyi. Ibi bikwereka ko abantu twese turi abantu kandi ko twese dukeneye uburenganzira bwo kubaho nkabandi ariko twarabibuze kubera RPF nubuyobozi bwa So. Ndizerako ubwo nkubwiye ukuri uko ibintu byifashe murikigihugu yenda wakwicarana na Mzee ukamubwirako harabandi bana batagira epfo naruguru. Narangiza nkwisabira kujya ufata umwanya ukazirikana abanyarwanda batemerewe kwibuka ababo cg se ngo babone uburenganzira bwo kubaririra nokuvuga urwo bapfuye.
Uzashobora kuyishira mucyongereza cg se nigifransa arabyemerewe apfa kuduha copy mbere yuko twabona ubidushirira muzindi ndimi. Uzayohereze kuri umunyamakuru:hagandi77@gmail.com
Uzashobora kuyishira mucyongereza cg se nigifransa arabyemerewe apfa kuduha copy mbere yuko twabona ubidushirira muzindi ndimi. Uzayohereze kuri umunyamakuru:hagandi77@gmail.com
Imana igihe ubushobozi bwoguhindura umutima wa Paul Kagame


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Ni igitaramo kiswe ’Shimwa Yesu, Live Concert’ kizabera i Nyamata mu karere ka Bugesera ku rusengero rw’Abadiventisite b’umunsi wa Karindwi ku wa 09 Kamena 2018.
Si kenshi abahanzi ku giti cyabo bo mu itorero ry’Abadiventisi b’umunsi wa karindwi bategura ibitaramo by’ivugabutumwa bikomeye, ariko kuri ubu uwitwa Mahoro Isaac wo ku itorero rya Nyamata yateguye igitaramo aho avuga ko kigamije gushimira Imana ku bw’ibyiza n’ibitangaza bitandukanye ikomeza gukorera u Rwanda n’Abanyarwanda.
Umuhanzi Mahoro Isaac ni umugabo wubatse, afite umugore n’umwana umwe. Ku bijyanye n’iki gitaramo, Mahoro yasobanuye ko yafashe icyemezo cyo gutaramira Imana atagamije gusaba amafaranga abazakitabira cyangwa indi mpamvu yose keretse gushimira Imana bityo kwinjira bizaba ari Ubuntu.
Yagize ati “Intego y’igitaramo cyanjye ni ugushima Imana, nahisemo kugitegura atari ukuvuga ngo wenda ndashaka ko abantu baza bakishyura nk’uko bigenda kuri ’Launch’ cyangwa mu bindi bikorwa ahubwo ari ukugira ngo abantu baze bafatanye na njye maze dushimira Imana yacu.”
By’umwihariko muri iki gitaramo cya ’full Live’, uyu muhanza avuga ko azaba ari gufashwa n’abana bato cyane mu rwego rwo kugira ngo na bo batozwe gukurira mu Mana. Ati “Abana ni umugisha, iyo ukoranye na bo biba ari ukubereka ko ikintu cya mbere ari ugusenga Imana, ni ukubatoza kugira ngo na bo bazakure bazi ibyiza byo kuramya Imana no kuyishima biciye mu bihangano biyihimbaza bityo bikaba byanabarinda kujya mu ngeso mbi z’isi.”
Muri gitaramo kandi hanatumiwe izindi korari zitandukanye zirimo Abagenzi, Yesu Araje, Shalom singers, Abungeri ndetse n’abavugabutumwa nka Prof. Tombora gustave na pasiteri Eric Ruhangara.
Mahoro Isaac ni umuhanzi kuva muri 2007. Kugeza ubu afite imizingo 2 y’indirimbo z’amajwi n’umuzingo umwe w’indirimbo z’amashusho akaba arimo gutunganya na album ya 3 y’amajwi .


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Nifatishije ifoto kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu kinyamakuru, nkeneye kumenya ukuntu nashobora kuyirinda kugira ngo itazakoreshwa ikinyuranyije n’icyo nayiteganyirije?
Icyo kibazo cyawe kituganishije ku kindi kintu cy’ingirakamaro, kiganisha mu buryo amafoto akoreshwa. Ihame ni uko umuntu afite uburenganzi ntavogerwa ku ifoto ye n’ikoreshwa ryayo. Ni uburenganzira bw’umuntu nk’uko bimeze burenganzira bwo kutavogera ubuzima bwite bw’umuntu.
Kuri izo mpamvu, icyo kinyamakuru kizakoresha ifoto yawe ari uko ubyemeye munyandiko ukanabisinyira. Ayo masezerano wagirana n’icyo kinyamakuru agomba kugaragaza umubare w’amafoto azatangazwa kandi akagaragaza ko azakoreshwa gusa muri icyo kinyamakuru.
Menya ko uwo ari we wese wakoresha ayo mafoto utabimuhereye uruhusa ushobora kubimuregera akaba yahabwa ibihano birimo kumubuza kuyakoresha no gucibwa amande kuri iryo kosa aba yakoze. Byumvikane ko hari amahame y’umwihariko agenderwaho. Hari uko atari ngombwa kugirana amasezerano n’umuntu w’umuyobozi (umunyapolitiki, icyamamare….) mu gihe yafotowe ari mu bikorwa by’imirimo ashinzwe.
Urwo ruhusa si ngombwa , igihe ufotowe ari mu gikorwa kijyana n’inkuru, gusa ikigomba kwitabwaho ni uko iyo foto iba ijyanye n’inkuru. Biremewe gukoresha ifoto y’itsinda ry’abantu mu ruhame nta kubanza gusaba uruhushya kuri buri muntu ibyo bigakorwa mu gihe iyo foto itibanda cyane ku muntu runaka uri muri iryo tsinda.
Iryo rengayobora rigomba kumvikana neza, ni ukuvuga ko mu gihe ushidikanya, ugomba gusaba uruhusa mu nyandiko, cyane cyane mu gihe amashusho ya nyir’ubwite yakoreshwa ahagaragara mu ruhame.
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Stroke ni indwara y’ubwonko iterwa n’igabanuka ry’ingano y’amaraso ajya ku bwonko mu gihe iyo mitsi ijyana amaraso itarimo gukora neza. Ibi bituma ubwonko butabona umwuka n’intungamubiri bihagije. Abanyamerika basaga 800,000 barwara stroke buri mwaka, ni ukuvuga ko nibura umuntu umwe arwara stroke buri segonda.
Nk’uko tubikesha American Heart Association, Abanyamerika b’Abirabura bafite ibyago byo kurwara stroke inshuro ebyiri ugereranyije n’abandi bantu kandi 40% by’abahitanwa n’iyi ndwara ni abagabo naho 60% bakaba abagore. Stroke ni indwara yica vuba cyane ku buryo itavuwe hakiri kare yaguhitana cyane ko kugera ubu iyi ndwara ari icyago cya 5 mu bihitana abantu benshi muri Amerika.
Amoko ya Stroke
- Ischemic stroke: Iterwa no kuziba cyangwa se kugabanuka mu mubyimba w’imitsi ijyana amaraso ku bwonko. Ibi bituma amaraso agera ku bwonko agabanuka.
- Hemorrhagic Stroke : Ubu bwoko bwa stroke buterwa no kwibumbira kw’amaraso mu bwonko. Rimwe na rimwe umurwayi ashobora kubagwa kugira ngo icyugazi ku bwonko kigabanuke.
Zimwe mu mpamvu zikurikira z’ubuzima zishobora gutuma urwara stroke :
- Kunywa itabi, inzoga nyinshi no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe n’amategeko nka cocaine.
- Kuba ufite ibiro byinshi :biturutse Ku bwinshi bw’ibinure mu mubiri
- Kuba usanzwe urwaye diabetes ndetse n’izindi ndwara z’umutima.
- Ubwonko :Abanyafurika bafite ibyago byo kurwara stroke kurusha abandi bantu bose nk’uko byatangajwe na Mayo Clinic
- Kudakora imyitozo ngoraramubiri.
Ese nabwirwa n’iki ko ndwaye stroke?
Bitewe n’igihe ubwonko bwawe bushobora kumara butabona amaraso n’intungamubiri, ushobora kwibonaho bimwe mu binyemetso bikurikira :
- Kurwara umutwe udakira rimwe na rimwe ugakurikirwa no kugira isesemi, kwibagirwa.
- Urujijo rwa hato na hato, kunanirwa kuvuga no kumva neza bivugwa.
- Ijisho rimwe cyangwa yombi abura ubushobozi bwo kureba.
- Kubabara mu biganza no mu birenge igihe cyose ugerageje kugenda cyangwa se ubushyuhe bwiyongereye.
- Kubura ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibice by’umubiri bimwe na bimwe nk’amaguru, amaboko ndetse ugasanga uruhande rwose rw’umubiri ntirukore.
- Kunanirwa kumira ibyo kunywa n’amafunguro.
- Niba umurwayi wawe adashobora kumanika amaboko yombi, kunanirwa gusubiramo agateruro gatoya adategwa ihutire kureba muganga.
Ubufasha bw’ibanze buhabwa umurwayi wa Stroke:
Igihe umurwayi wa stroke ataragezwa kwa muganga cyangwa se afashwe bitunguranye, mukorere ibi bikurikira :
- Ryamisha umurwayi neza, gerageza umutwe n’igituza biba bitareshya.
- Mukureho ikintu cyose kimuboshye. Urugero,mwambure umukandara ndetse umufungurire ibifungo by’imyambaro ye kugira ngo arusheho guhumeka no kwisanzura. Niba hashyushye shakira umurwayi imyambaro yose yatuma ashyuha kandi wirinde kumuha icyo Kurya n’icyo kunywa icyo ari cyo cyose.
- Gerageza kuganiriza umurwayi utubazo tworoshye nk’amazina ye kuko bimufasha kwibuka Kandi wibuke kuvanaho ikintu cyose cyatuma umurwayi adahumeka neza.
Nakwirinda nte stroke?
- Kuba wamaze kumenya bimwe mu byo ukora byagutera stroke, nta kabuza kuyirinda bizakorohera. Bibaye byiza wakurikiza Izi nama.
- Hagarika kunywa itabi, ugabanye kunywa inzoga niba bishoboka Kandi uzibukire burundu ibiyobyabwenge nka cocaine na methamphetamine.
- Gabanya Kurya amafunguro akungahaye ku binyamavuta n’ibinure ahubwo uhugire amafunguro arimo imbuto n’imboga kuko biba byifitemo ibyubaka umubiri bihagije.
- Ntukibagirwe ko amazi ari ikinyobwa cy’ibanze ku mubiri wawe.
- Shyiraho gahunda yo gukora imyitozo ngoraramubiri kuko uretse kugabanya ibinure n’umuvuduko w’amaraso binagabanya ibiro.


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Imibanire mu Banyarwanda iraba myiza, iyo mu ngo ikazamba
Abakangurambaga b’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge bahangayikishijwe n’uko n’ubwo Abanyarwanda bakomeza kugenda barushaho kubana neza kuva Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ariko iyo mu ngo ikarushaho kuba mibi.
Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge itangaza ko kuri ubu Abanyarwanda babanye neza kugera kuri 94.7%. Iyi mibare ikaba itanga ikizere ukurikije imyaka 24 gusa ishize Jenoside ihagaritswe.
Ikibazo cy’amakimbirane mu miryango ni kimwe mu gihangayikishije aba bakangurambaga, ku buryo bemeza ko kikiri imbogamizi mu muryango Nyarwanda.
Umwe bakangurambaga w’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge muri Nyamasheke mu murenge wa Bushekeri David Sibomana, avuga ko iki kibazo cy’ingo zitabana neza kihagaragara cyane bitandukanye n’uburyo abakoze Jenoside n’abayirokotse babanye.
Agira ati “Mu karere ka Nyamasheke nta kibazo kirimo. Baba abakorewe Jenoside ndetse n’abatarayikorewe ubu twunze ubumwe ku buryo dusigaye tunashyingirana, ugize ikibazo tugafashanya, nta muntu ukishisha undi.”
Yabitangarije mu mahugurwa bagenerwaga na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge, yari agamije guhangana n’amakimbirane yo mu miryango.
Yavuze ko nyuma y’aya mahugurwa barushijeho kumenya uko bitwara mu gihe habonetse amakimbirane yo mu ngo, kuko yo atandukanye n’ayagaragaraga hagati y’abaturage.
Ati “, impamvu zitera amakimbirane harimo gucunga umutungo w’urugo nabi,ndetse no kwikubira umutungo w’urugo.
“Ariko nk’abakangurambaga icyo tugomba gukora, ni uko tugenda tugasesengura ubwoko bw’amakimbirane, ntitugire uruhande tubogamiraho, ahubwo tugahuza za mpande zombi zitumvikanaga.”
Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge, Fidele Ndayisaba, asanga kongerera ubumenyi aba bakangurambaga b’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu gihugu hose bitanga ikizere cyo kurushaho kubanisha neza Abanyarwanda.
Ati "Tuzakomeza gukora ibishoboka byose nka Komisiyo y’Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge kugira ngo abakangurambaga babanze bahabwe umwanya n’agaciro bakwiriye aho bari.”
Amahugurwa n’ibiganiro byasojwe kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 16 Werurwe 2018, byitabiriwe n’abakangurambaga 495 bahagarariye abandi mu mirenge n’uturere twose tw’igihugu.
Ibitekerezo ( 4 )
Ivyerekeye amakimbirane mungo (entre mari et femmes) birafise insiguro mu Rwanda. Contrairement à la plupart des pays africains, une classe moyenne se consolide et s’élargit au Rwanda. Bien plus, les femmes, comme individus, occupent une bonne place muriyo classe. Ainsi, la transformation économique va de pair avec la sociale. Ibintu bitegerezwa guhinduka kuko la femme n’est plus ce qu’elle était. C’est l’égale de l’homme. Si le Rwanda continue cette transformation, mu myaka mike ruzoba rugeze kure cane.
Biterwa nuko abantu batubahiriza amahame yo muli bible.Imana isaba abashakanye gukundana,kubabarirana no kwihanganirana.Aho kubikora usanga barwana,bacana inyuma,bicana,...
Igihe cyose abantu bazanga kumvira imana,ntabwo bazagira amahoro.Reba izi ntambara ziri mu isi.
Buli mwaka,ibihugu byose bikoresha budget igera hafi kuli 2 Trillions USD,mu kurwana,gukora intwaro,kuzigura no kwiga kurwana.Mu gihe imana itubuza kurwana.Reba ubusambanyi basigaye bita ngo ni ugukundana.Ibi byose bizavaho ku munsi w’imperuka.N’ababikora baveho,hasigare gusa abantu bumvira imana,babe muli paradizo.Niwo muti rukumbi w’ibibazo mu miryango.
murigora cyane mubitekerezaho cg mubyibaza! nyirabayazana ni Leta YATERANYIJE aagore na bagabo! nawe se irengera abagore gusa! murumva bizagenda gute? nyamara kera imfu numva ntizabagaho! Irabateranya yarangiza ikanahohotera abagabo! Uzumve Discour Abayobozi bavuga! zimeze nkazimwe zi 94 zashimurizaga abahutu abatutsi! ngewe bintera ubwoba!
murigora cyane mubitekerezaho cg mubyibaza! nyirabayazana ni Leta YATERANYIJE aagore na bagabo! nawe se irengera abagore gusa! murumva bizagenda gute? nyamara kera imfu numva ntizabagaho! Irabateranya yarangiza ikanahohotera abagabo! Uzumve Discour Abayobozi bavuga! zimeze nkazimwe zi 94 zashimurizaga abahutu abatutsi! ngewe bintera ubwoba!


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Uyu mukobwa yazanywe mu Rwanda na Polisi ya Tanzania ku wa 14 Ukuboza 2017, imushyikiriza ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Kirehe nyuma yo kumara amezi atandatu afungiye mu Mujyi wa Benako mu Karere ka Ngara, Intara y’Akagera azira kutagira ibyangombwa.
Uyu mukobwa utaratangaga amakuru neza y’inkomoko ye, ntanashake gutanga amakuru ku muryango we, nyuma y’inkuru ya IGIHE yakozwe tariki ya 28 Ukuboza 2017 ivuga ngo"Urujijo ku mukobwa wafungiwe muri Tanzania akaza koherezwa mu Rwanda" igasakazwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye, habonetse ababyeyi n’abavandimwe be bo muri Uganda.
Amakuru IGIHE yabonye, yerekana ko Rukia ari Umunya- Uganda nk’uko bigaragara kuri pasiporo ye; yavukiye ahitwa Mulago, kuwa 28 Ukuboza 1997.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe Imiyoborere mu Karere Kirehe, Mukundwa Emmanuel, yabwiye IGIHE ko umuvandimwe w’uwo mukobwa yabamenyesheje ko yari yaratorotse kubera ibiyobyabwenge yakoreshaga.
Yagize ati “Gutoroka iwabo byatewe no gusarikwa n’ibiyobyabwenge amaze imyaka ibiri akoresha, akaba yaratorotse ibitaro bivura indwara zo mu mutwe muri Uganda, aho yari amaze iminsi akurikiranwa n’abaganga.”
Mukuru wa Rukia witwa Shani Muhammed yaje kumureba mu Karere ka Kirehe ariko asanga yaroherejwe mu Karere ka Nyarugenge, aho uyu mukobwa yavugaga ko umuryango we waba ukorera.
Umukozi wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu ishinzwe abana muri gahunda ya Tumurere mu Muryango, Mukamana Monique, yatangarije IGIHE ko Rukia yageze muri Nyarugenge akomeza gutsimbarara yemeza ko ari Umunyarwandakazi.
Yagize ati “Ku wa Gatanu saa cyenda nibwo uwo mwana yageze mu Karere ka Nyarugenge azanwe n’umukozi ushinzwe Itorero ry’Igihugu mu Karere ka Kirehe. Bahise bamudushyikiriza nka Komisiyo y’Igihugu ishinzwe abana kuko yavugaga ko ari umwana w’imyaka 13 ngo tumushakire umuryango.”
Yakomeje ati “Kubera ko yavugaga ko ari uwo ku Muhima muri Nyarugenge kandi akavuga ko se yitwa Muhammed akaba afite igaraje, twiyambaje Umurenge wa Muhima uduha imodoka tuzenguruka amagaraje yose nawe turi kumwe tubona ba Muhammed benshi bari mu magaraje tukabona ntibamuzi, ariko n’umwana nawe ukabona ntashaka kubavugisha. Ahubwo akatubwira ngo ibyo yatubwiye ni ibyo tumenye ko ari uwo ku Muhima nta kindi yarenzaho.”
Ijoro riguye, Komisiyo yamushakiye icumbi muri ‘Centre’ ya Marembo mu Karere ka Gasabo, ari naho ari kugeza kuri uyu wa Gatatu Mutarama 2018.
Rukia Muhammed wavugaga ko afite imyaka 13, ibyangombwa bye bigaragaza ko afite imyaka 21 y’amavuko.


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Abagore bo mu murenge wa Manihira wo mu karere ka Rutsiro baracyumva ko bari munsi y’abagabo haba mu mitekerereze ndetse n’ubushobozi mu gukora imirimo itandukanye, ibi bigatuma uruhare rw’abo mu gutanga ibitekerezo biteza urugo imbere ruba ruto kuko abenshi batanamenya ayo abagabo bakorera bitwaje ko ari abatware b’ingo.
Uwimana Emmanuel, kimwe n’abandi bagabo bagira icyo bavuga kuri iyi ngingo, bahuriza ku kuba ari bo ba nyri ingo, bagomba kugenera abagore kugirango babone uko banywa ’agacupa’, kandi binatuma bayakoresha uko babyifuza ari naho hava kuyasesagura aho kuyakoresha ibyumvikanyweho na bombi biteza imbere urugo.
Abagabo bavuga ko bagenera abagore babo
Bangamwabo Leonidas we agira ati "Buriya umugore iyo wamucyuriye akantu keza arishima, amenya ko wungutse ntabwo ari ngombwa ngo amenye akazi kawe kose kuko ugomba kwerekana ubwenge imbere ye nk’uko Bibiriya itubwira".
Bavuga ko iyo beretse amafaranga yose abagore n’ubundi batabashira amakenga bumva ko byanze bikunze hari ayo babahishe, abandi bakumva ko bituma birata kuri bagenzi babo, bityo iyi myumvire igatuma bumva ko hari ayo bagomba kugira ibanga bakayigengaho.
Abagore na bo bahuriza ku kuba abagabo ari bo batware, ni imvugo igaragaza ko batazi uburenganzira bwabo dore ko ngo abagabo biyemeje gufatanya kuyobora ingo babita inganzwa.
Ku bijyanye no kuba umugore yayobora urugo, Nyirakanyenyeri Daphrose agira ati "Aba umutware w’urugo se yasumba umugabo! Oya, nta rutugu rukura ngo rusumbe ijosi, burya umugore agira aho agarukira".
Yemeza ko umutungo w’urugo ucungwa n’umugabo, gusa akavuga ko bituma umugore atatekereza ku mishinga y’iterambere isaba amafaranga kuko aba atazi ayo bafite, ndetse ko akenshi n’ushatse kubibaza umugabo amutonganya ko bitamureba, ibi bikanaba intandaro y’ubukene.
Umunyamategeko Hakizimana Elie, avuga ko itegeko rishya rigenga abantu n’umuryango ryemera ko abashakanye bayobora urugo ku buryo bungana, ati "Mu itegeko ryasimbuwe n’iri, hari harimo ko umugabo ari we mutware w’urugo, ibi abagabo bamwe bakaba barabyitwazaga bakumva ko ari bo bagomba gufata ibyemezo byose mu ruro, yagurisha nk’inka umugore yamurega mu rukiko akisobanura avuga ko yayitanze nk’umutware, bityo uwareze ntagire aho agera".
Ubu iyi ngingo yavanywemo, isimburwa n’iya 209 igira iti "Abashyingiranywe bafatanya ubuyobozi bw’urugo rwabo harimo kurwitaho kugira ngo rugwize umuco mwiza n’ibirutunga no kurwubaka rugakomera. Umwe mu bashyingiranywe yiharira iyo nshingano iyo undi adashobora kuyikora. Iyo batabyumvikanyeho byemezwa n’inzego zibifitiye ububasha".
Me Hakizimana Elie aganira n’abaturage b’i Manihira kuri iri tegeko
Imyumvire y’uko umugore atanganya ububasha n’umugabo mu rugo ishobora kuba iri n’ahandi hirya no hino mu gihugu, nyamara kumuha umwanya mu micungire y’umutungo biri mu nyungu y’abagize urugo bose, ndetse n’utabyubahiriza yabihanirwa n’itegeko kuko ubu riha ububasha bungana abashakanye bombi mu micungire ya wo.
Umurenge wa Manihira wiganjemo ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ari na bwo butanga amafaranga menshi ku batuye aka gace, bukorwa n’abagabo ndetse n’abakobwa bake, nta mugore wubatse wabujyamo kuko batinya ko babaseka, ngo si umurimo wabo, bityo bakikorera ubuhinzi bw’ibitunga urugo ndetse n’imirimo yo mu ngo.


text:
Mu bihe by’impera z’umwaka hizihizwa iminsi mikuru ya Noheli n’Ubunani, bikaba igihe cyiza cyo kwegerana nk’umuryango, aho abantu baba bifuza gushimisha abana, ababyeyi, abo bashakanye, inshuti, abavandimwe n’umuryango mugari muri rusange; akenshi usanga baba banarajwe ishinga no gushakisha impano zihebuje zo gutanga.
Iki ni igihe kiba gikwiye kubyazwa umusaruro mu bucuruzi ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa bibyara inyungu waba ukora byose. Kwegera abakiliya ndetse ari nako ubagabanyiriza ibiciro ku buryo bugaragara unabafasha kwizihirwa mu minsi mikuru, biba bikwiye kuba intego y’ibanze muri iki gihe.
Impera z’umwaka ni igihe cyiza cyo gushishikariza abakiliya bawe kugerageza ikintu gishya, niba hari igicuruzwa gishya wenda gushyira ku isoko, iki ni cyo gihe. Ushobora guhita utangiza poromosiyo ukayita “Umwaka Mushya, (Igicuruzwa) Gishya". Muri poromosiyo nk’iyo uzakenera gusobanurira abakiliya bawe icyo bakwitega kuri icyo gicuruzwa cyawe.
Niba ucuruza serivisi, ushobora kuzikomatanyiriza hamwe mu buryo utari usanzwe ubikoramo kandi ukagabanya igiciro.
Waba se ufite iduka ricuruza imyenda, inkweto, imitako yo mu nzu, ibikinisho by’abana, n’ibindi bintu byose bikunze kugurwa mu minsi mikuru? Watera intambwe ukegera abakiliya bawe ubashyiriraho igabanuka ku biciro.
Ubwiza bw’abari n’abategarugori bwo bugaragarira ku musatsi, niba ufite inzu yongera ubwiza cyangwa itunganya imisatsi; kabya inzozi za benshi zo kugaragara neza muri iyi minsi mikuru.
Ibi byose kugira ngo ubigereho, ukeneye uburyo bufatika bwo kumenyesha abakiliya igabanuka wabakoreye ndetse na byinshi ubahishiye.
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Egera abakiliya bawe maze ubadabagize muri iki gihe cy’iminsi mikuru wifashishije IGIHE. Birakwiye!


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Gishari, Rwamagana
– Ese udutekeye iki mukecu?
– Ntetse udushyimbo. Abaturanyi bahoze banseka ngo sinteka. Uyu munsi natetse.
– Bisobanura ko udateka buri munsi se?
– Have! Maze iminsi igifu cyenda kunyica. Niyo nyweye utuzi ndaruka… ntako meze.
– Ese ubundi witwa nde wavutse ryari?
– Nitwa Mukaderevo Stephanie.
– Wavukiye ino aha?
– Yego. Ndi uw’i Nyarugari. Navutse muri 1930.
– Nifuzaga kumenya niba icyo gihe mwambaraga iki? Wambaye impuzu?
– Cyore! Sinambaye impuzu ariko nambaye umukane.
– Umuki?
– Ni uruhu rw’inka bakanaga ukitera. Twatangiye kwambara imyenda umuzungu Desa atuzaniye udukanzu tw’umweru. Twahishaga mu matako, amebere tugafungira inyuma y’ijosi. Umuntu yambaraga abaye inkumi atangiye kugira amasoni.
– Yatubaheraga ubuntu cyangwa mwaratuguraga?
– Twaguraga 20Frw. Icyo gihe tuza hari inzara ya Rwabuyenge.
– Hari ku ngoma ya Rudahigwa ?
– Yego. Yaje ino niga muwa gatatu. Nari ngeze mu kigero. Kera twaryaga umutsima tukanywa n’ikivuguto. Nari nzi ubwenge.
– Ubwo abarabu baduka muri aka gace warababonye…
– Nabamenye bamaze iminsi. Ntitwapfaga gusohoka. Twagumaga mu rugo dukora imirimo. Ababyeyi ntibadukundiraga gusohoka.
– Icyo gihe cyose wagumye mu Rwanda ntiwahunze?
– Hari utarahunze se? Wakwikanga ntuhunge niyo utajya kure?
– Washatse ryari?
– Mu 1961
– Wararambagijwe? Byari bimeze bite?
– Sinarambagijwe. Narasezeranye. Icyo gihe ntawivugiraga.
– Ubyara abana bangahe?
– Umunani. Nuko nabyariye urupfu. Uwanyuma yansigiye umwuzukuru urwaye mu mutwe. Niwe nahaga ayo leta yampaga yose akajya kwivuza i Ndera.
– Baguhaga angahe?
– 12000Frw ku kwezi mbere y’uko bamvana ku rutonde rw’abari mu budehe bwa mbere. Ubu banyimuriye mu cyiciro cya kabiri. Nasabye mitiweri ariko ngomba kwishyura amafaranga. Ubwo urabona uko meze uku n’uko ngana nzajya guhingira umuturanyi umubyizi ngo mbone 200Frw nkabishobora? Yewe… ni umubabaro ariko siko gupfa. Ubu ntunzwe n’Imana n’abagiraneza bamvomera, bakampa ijana cyangwa magana abiri bukira bugacya. Ariko rubanda babasha kujya muri ayo manama numva ngo bazadusubiza mu cyiciro cyo gufashwa uyu mwaka. Niko numva. Naho ubundi ibyanjye ni ubuzahare, ni ubutindi, ni uburwayi, ni agahinda.


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Kanda ku ifoto urebe andi mafoto y'abakobwa bashyushye
Kanda hano >>> Reba Abakobwa Bashyushye cyane
Nakwitwara Nte Nyuma Yo Gutandukana n'Umukunzi Wanjye
Abantu benshi bamaze guhura n’ikibazo cyo gutandukana cyangwa kwangwa n’uwari umukunzi bakabura uko babyitwaramo.
Iyo ukunda umuntu uba wumva ari uwawe ku buryo utajya ubasha no gutekereza ko mushobora gutandukana ntimwongere kuba hamwe.
Dore uko wakwitwara uramutse wanzwe n’uwo wari warihebeye.
1. Ganiriza Inshuti Zawe Ibyakubayeho: Reka kubihisha inshuti; menya ko niba ari ikibazo wagize ntawe bitabaho, ikindi kandi umenye ko atari icyaha wakoze.
2 Wicika Intege:Gumana n’inshuti n’umuryango wawe, wibatera umugongo kuko mbere y’uko uhura n’uwo muntu uguhemukiye wari ubafite.
3. Reka Kumva ko Ijuru Rikuguye Hejuru: Reka kumva ko niba ufite ibibazo ugomba kwiyibagirwa. Gukunda ni byiza kandi no kwangwa birababaza, ariko rero wikumva ko ijuru ryakuguyeho ngo we kwiyitaho. Niba wakundaga kwisiga bikomeze, niba ukunda kujya mu bitaramo ntihazagire ikibikubuza; niba wajyaga uryoherwa no gusohoka ukinywera kamwe n’inshuti zawe n’ubundi ubikomeze kuko ubuzima bwo bugomba gukomeza. Abakobwa bo bakunda kwambara bakajya kwireba mu ndorerwamo ko baberewe. Bikomeze rwose kandi ntiwibagirwe ko n’ubwo uwo muntu atakigukunda, utabura abandi bakureba kandi bakagushima.
4.Wihisha Agahinda Kawe- Wikibuza Kurira: Niba wumva ubabaye ukaba wifuza kurira ntihazagire ukubuza rwose. Kurira ni byiza kuko bigufasha kuruhura umutima, ukumva akababaro karashize.
5. Ni Ayahe Masomo Wabikuramo: Ese mu rukundo rwanyu n’ubwo rushize ni iki rwakwigishije? Ushobora no kuboneramo isomo ryagufasha kutazongera na rimwe kugwa muri izo ngorane ubutaha.
6. Wikwirengagiza akababaro kawe: Hari abantu benshi bishuka ko kwirengagiza ikibazo barimo ari byo bibafasha kumera neza. Nyamara uko ucyirengagiza niko noneho cyanga kikakuremerera. Niba ubabaye wibihisha, gusa wirinde kubikabya, ariko kandi ntukanihagarareho cyane bityo bizagufasha kubikira vuba usubire mu buzima bwawe busanzwe.
7. Tekereza noneho ku nyungu zawe nyuma yo gutandukana nawe: Wenda ahari birashoboka ko wari wararetse gusohokana n’inshuti zawe, kuki se utazigarukira? Wenda ahari birashoboka ko wari usigaye ubura umwanya wo gukora ibyo wari usanzwe ukunda, kuki se noneho utabikora ko wawubonye. Tekereza n’ibindi byose byagushimishaga wari wararetse kubera uwo ukunda, maze usubire uryoherwe n’ubuzima nka kera.
8. Igihe kirakiza: Nureba ukabona ibibazo byakubanye ingutu, jya wifatira umwanya ubyihorere amaherezo igihe kizagufasha kuruhuka uwo mutwaro.
9. Fata umwanya wo gutuza: Utekereze neza ibyo ubuzima bwawe.


text:
Ikibazo cy’amoko y’abanyarwanda gihora gikurura impaka kubera ingengabitekerezo zayo nyinshi zivanze na politiki. Nuko imitwe yacu igashyuha! Ndavuga amoko y’abahutu, abatutsi n’abatwa twise Inyabutatu. Kera abanyarwanda bigishijwe ingengabitekerezo ivuga ko amoko yakomotse mu bice bitatu bigize imibereho y’abanyarwanda (les classes sociales) ubundi bigishwa indi ivuga ko ngo ayo moko atandukanywa n’uko tudahuje igihagararo bityo n’ibice bimwe by’umubili ngo bikaba bitaremye kimwe! Ku Isi yose, ngo ibyo biranga ayo moko bikaba ari umwihariko ku banyarwanda gusa … nako n’abarundi! Muri iki gihe, hari izindi ngengabitekerezo ziyongereye kuri izo zari zisanzweho. Hari abavuga ko amoko abaho – ibyo ni ibisanzwe – ariko hari n’abandi bavuga ko atabaho kubera ko abanyarwanda dusangiye umuco n’ururimi, hakaba n’abandi bavuga ko abaho atabaho. Ku buryo abanyarwanda tutabyumva kimwe kubera ko buri wese afite ingengabitekerezo yemera.
Ni uko wavuga uti jye sinemera ko amoko abaho, abandi bati uri umuhakanyi wa génocide y’abatutsi. Bati turakubonye… Ejo undi yavuga ko amoko abaho, ngo agaruye amoko kandi yaraciwe, ndetse no mu ndangamuntu akaba atabamo. Yabaza itegeko ryaciye ayo moko n’impamvu ryayaciye ntabone igisubizo. Bati urabaza ubusa nawe sanga abandi bafite ingengabitekerezo ya génocide… Ibyo byose bigaterwa na politiki aho iba igeze n’inyungu za buri wese. Ariko abo banyepolitiki bo mu bwoko bwose ntibafata igihe ngo bigire hamwe icyo kibazo cy’amoko, batabeshyana, bataryaryana, badacengana, kugirango bemeranywe ku ngengabitekerezo imwe abanyarwanda bagombye kwibonamo. Ingengabitekerezo ya kimuntu yahuza abanyarwanda bose, abiyumvamo ayo moko n’abatayiyumvamo ndetse n’abatayazi, idafite uwo ibangamiye. Iyo uyu mushinga ushyigikiye ni yo ngiye kubagezaho, mbasaba ko mwagira icyo muyivugaho.
Twemere cyangwa tuvuge iki, tureke iki? Amoko y’abanyarwanda niba abaho, aba he? Afitwe na bande? Acumbitse he? Mu muco, muli politiki, mu nda zacu, mu mitima, ku mibiri yacu cyangwa mu mitwe yacu? Niba atakiriho ariko yarahozeho, yavuyeho ate? Yagiye he? Yaba se atarigeze abaho? Mbere yo gusubiza ibyo bibazo reka tubanze twumve ikiganiro cy’aba banyarwanda muri iyi ndirimbo iduhamagarira kwibohora ingoyi y’amoko.
ICYUBAHIRO: « Mbwira Munyarwanda » (Kanda hano urebe amagambo y’indirimbo yose)
1. Uburyarya n’ubugome mu ngengabitekerezo z’amoko: ivangura-moko, irondamoko n’ivangura-bitsina-moko.
Mu gihe cy’ubukoloni, ababiligi bashyiraho impapuro ziranga abanyarwanda « Indangamuntu (Ikimuranga) », bateganyije ko handikwamo amoko. Ubwoko babugira kimwe mu biranga umunyarwanda.
Muri Repubulika ya mbere abategetsi ntibihishiriye! Nubwo iyo ngoma yagize neza ikigobotora ingoyi ya gihake na gikolonize, ntiyashoboye kwigobotora ingoyi y’amoko yari mu ngengabitekerezo z’abo bakoloni. Kuko ishyaka ryategekaga ryitwaga PARMEHUTU ryarengeraga abahutu gusa ku mugaragaro, rikarenganya kandi rigakandamiza andi moko, kandi rimaze kuvanaho ingoma ya cyami ryashinjaga ko yarengeraga abatutsi igakandamiza andi moko.
Muri Repubulika ya kabili, abayobozi b’ishyaka rimwe rukumbi « MUVOMA » bavugaga ko ribumbye abanyarwanda twese kandi ngo ko ritavangura amoko n’uturere. Ukibaza niba n’abari hanze y’igihugu bari bayirimo! Ariko wareba mu nzego z’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu zo hejuru, ugasanga higanjemo abahutu bakomoka mu majyaruguru y’igihugu, kandi b’igitsina gabo hafi ya bose! Wajya no mu nzego zo hasi ugasangamo abahutu hafi gusa, nabo b’igitsina gabo! Kandi bamwe muri abo bayobozi ni bo bayoboye ibikorwa bya génocide muli 1994.
Muri Repubulika ya gatatu, ubutegetsi bwavanye amoko mw’irangamuntu no mu zindi mpapuro, bushyiraho politiki ivuga ko amoko atabaho ariko bakemera neza ko habayeho génocide y’abatutsi yakozwe na bamwe mu bahutu. Ikarita y’amoko barayubika. Bamwe mu banyamahanga babyumvise batazi abanyarwanda bayobewe niba abemeje (Umuryango w’abibumbye) ko mu Rwanda habaye génocide y’abatutsi barababeshye, cyane ko bari barabwiwe ko mu Rwanda hari amoko atatu: abahutu, abatutsi, n’abatwa kandi ko abo batutsi bazize ubwoko bwabo. Bati kuvuga ko bwoko butabaho si uguhakana ko abatutsi bazize ubwoko bwabo? Bati kereka niba abahutu, abatutsi n’abatwa barashize – kandi atari byo – hakaba harabonetse abandi banyarwanda bashya batagira ubwoko! Abashyigikiye iyo ngengabitekerezo ihakana amoko, bati murashaka kugarura amoko mwatuzaniye ngo habeho indi génocide? Abanyamahanga bati ese kuvuga ko amoko atakibaho ni ukubera impamvu z’uko atakiri mu ndangamuntu? Bati ese mbere y’uko irangamuntu zibaho, ayo moko ntiyariho? Bati none se icyavanyeho ayo moko ni iki? Abanyarwanda bakabasubiza ko ari politiki nziza yavanyeho politiki mbi yayashyizeho, kandi ko iyo politiki nshya idahakana génocide y’abatutsi (reba ibisobanuro mu ngingo ya 4 igice cya mbere).
Nubwo ikarita y’amoko yari yarubitswe ariko, ntaho yigeze ijya kuko abanyarwanda, barimo n’abanyepolitiki, bakomeje kwemera no kwibona muli ayo moko. Icyabigaragaje ni indi ngengabitekerezo ya politiki yashyizweho, ngo igamije ubwiyunge, ivuga ko ngo umuhutu wese agomba gusaba imbabazi abatutsi mw’izina ry’abahutu bakoze jenoside. Iyo ngengabitekerezo yagaruye imvugo y’amoko mu banyepolitiki. Ba banyamahanga bati ntimubona ko ibyo twababwiraga ko amoko yanyu abaho ari ukuri kandi ko atari twe twayazanye kuko namwe muyagaruye kandi mwari mwarayaciye? Iyo politiki yateye impaka nyinshi na n’ubu ndetse ziracyakomeza. Kandi ni mu gihe. Izo mpaka ziri mu bigaragaza ko dukeneye amategeko-nyobozi y’ubwiyunge yasobanura neza imbabazi n’ubwiyunge nkuko mbisobanura muli uyu mushinga. Ni uko ya karita irubukurwa maze abanyarwanda bongera kuvuga amoko ku mugaragaro.
Muri Rubanda rwa giseseka naho, umunyarwanda ajya aho akihandagaza akavuga ko abana neza n’amoko yose, kandi ari mw’ishyaka rya politiki runaka rishyigikiye ivangura-moko. Iryo shyaka rigakora ibishoboka byose kugirango ribihishe, nyamara ntibibure kumenyekana kubera ibikorwa byaryo. Cyangwa ugasanga uwo munyarwanda ari mw’ishyirahamwe rigizwe n’abo bahuje ubwoko gusa. Abo bose bakironda kuko ingengabitekerezo y’ubwoko bemera ikibaboshye.
Murumva ibyo atari amayobera? Kuvuga uyu munsi ko amoko abaho, ejo ukavuga ko atabaho, ejobundi ukavuga ko abaho? Uyu munsi tukavuga ko ari abazungu bayazanye kuko ari bo bayashyize mw’iranga-muntu bashaka kudutanya no kuduteranya, ejo tukavuga ko yahozeho na mbere y’uko abazungu bagera mu Rwanda kuko batayavanye iwabo i Burayi, ejobundi tukavuga ko ayo moko atabaho. Ko twayavanye mw’iranga-muntu se tuzayavana mu mitwe yacu no muli politiki ryari? Umunyamahanga utazi iby’abanyarwanda, ayoberwa icyo yemera n’icyo areka. Ibyo byose biterwa n’iki? Na politiki aho igeze !
Mu mishyikirano yabereye Arusha muli Tanzaniya hagati ya 1990 – 1994 abanyepolitiki bagabanye imyanya bakurikije amashyaka barimo ariko badakurikije amoko. Ikibazo cy’amoko nticyigeze cyigwa ku mugaragaro ngo kibonerwe umuti. Bagiciye ku ruhande bagihisha inyuma y’ibyo bibazo by’ubutegetsi. Ntibagabanye imyanya y’ubutegetsi hakurikijwe amoko, ahubwo bakurikije amashyaka kugirango bereke abanyamahanga ko ari abademokarate (démocrates)… nkabo! Kandi bazi neza ko muli ayo mashyaka yabo harimo ibisigisigi byinshi by’amoko n’uturere bangaga kugaragaza mu nyandiko.
Nguko uko bamwe mu banyarwanda no mu banyepolitiki bavuga ibyo batemera kandi badakora, bagakora ibyo batavuga, kuko bavuga ko nta moko abaho – kandi wenda bayemera – cyangwa ko abaho kandi ngo areshya – nyamara wenda batayemera – barangiza bagashyiraho mu nyungu zabo ingengabitekerezo z’ivanguramoko, irondamoko n’ivangura-bitsina-moko zirimo uburyarya n’ubugome. Iyo ni imwe mu mpamvu hari abavuga ko abanyarwanda turi ababeshyi, tukitwa abanyabinyoma, bakadushyira mu gatebo kamwe bitagombye.
2. Demokarasi ntigira ubwoko kandi ubwoko ntibugira isura.
Abanyamashyaka bamwe na bamwe bagiye bavuga ko amashyaka yabo agamije demokarasi bagahisha ko ashingiye ku bwoko kuko bazi neza ko binyuranyije na demokarasi nyakuri. Uretse ishyaka rya PARMEHUTU (Parti pour l’Emancipation des Bahutu) ryeruye rikavuga ko rirengera inyungu z’abahutu, kimwe na AREDETWA (Association pour le Relèvement Démocratique des Batwas ) ryarengeraga iz’abatwa, nta rindi shyaka ryigeze ryiyitirira ubwoko ku mugaragaro. Nyamara habayeho n’andi mashyaka yarengeraga ubwoko bw’abatutsi cyangwa ubw’abahutu ariko ntabigaragaze mu nyandiko. Bikagirwa ibanga. Ibanga rya politiki! Abayoboke bayo bakayajyamo bashingiye kuri iryo banga. Ni uko abatazi iryo banga bakayayoboka bibwira ko iyo demokarasi ivugwa ari nyakuri koko, nyuma bakazabona ko babeshywe.
Hari abandi banyarwanda ndetse biyandikishije mw’ishyaka runaka kandi nyamara bari mu rindi kubera iryo banga ry’ubwoko. Ni uko bakaba ibyitso by’iryo shyaka muri iryo biyandikishijemo, bakarinekera ibyo rikora, ugasanga barakorera ishyaka mu rindi. Ibindi byabayeho tuzi ni amashyaka yabaye abana b’ayandi mashyaka, ni uko akitwa ko yigenga kandi akorera ayandi. Kugirango nibagera mu gihe cyo kugabana ubutegetsi (aho kubusangira) azishyire hamwe maze aganze ayandi. Iyo tekiniki (technique) ya politiki nayo yakoreshejwe hashingiwe ku moko. Ariko ntabwo abayobozi b’iyo politiki bigeze bemera kugabana imyanya yo mu butegetsi bakurikije amoko nkuko nabivuze. Nyamara wajya kubona ukabona ishyaka runaka rihindutse ishyaka ry’ubwoko ubu n’ubu.
Kubera izo mpamvu, hari abavuga bati hari hakwiye kubaho amashyaka atatu gusa: ishyaka ry’abahutu, iry’abatutsi n’iry’abatwa. Bati ibindi ni ukubeshya. Nkaho abanyarwanda bahuje ubwoko bagira ibitekerezo bya politiki bimwe! Ni uko abo bagashakira demokarasi mu moko.
Hari n’uwigeze kumbwira nta soni afite ko ngo ibibazo by’amoko y’abanyarwanda byacyemurwa n’uko abashakana bagombye kuba bahuje ubwoko. Abo nabo bagashakira urukundo mu bwoko! Nkaho urukundo rugira ubwoko. Kandi koko birazwi ko hariho abanyarwanda badashobora gushyingira mu muryango badahuje ubwoko. Ngiryo irindi rondamoko ritari muli politiki ! Irondamoko ntiriba muli politiki gusa, no mu mibanire y’abanyarwanda ribamo. Abo nabo baracyaboshywe.
Abandi bavuga ko abategetsi bagombye kwerura bakagabana imyanya hakurikijwe ubwoko aho gukurikiza « ingirwa-mashyaka », kugeza igihe bazagirira demokarasi, bityo ngo abaturage bakabona amahoro. Nyamara ibyo ntibyabuza bamwe kwihisha mu bwoko batemera kandi bakorera ubundi (bashaka imyanya mu butegetsi), kuko bashobora kwiyitirira ubwoko batemera ko ari ubwabo koko. Biragoye kuba wavuguruza ibyo bavuga mu gihe nta mategeko ariho asobanura iby’ayo moko kuko ntacyo wabona ushingiraho. Ku byerekeranye n’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, abanyarwanda ntituragera igihe cyo kwumva ko umuhutu, umututsi cyangwa umutwa ashobora kuyobora igihugu akarengera inyungu z’abanyarwanda bose atavanguye. Hari abumva ndetse ko igihugu kitayobowe n’umuntu wo mu bwoko bwabo batagira amahoro! Bagira ayo mahoro se bate abandi badahuje ubwoko batayafite? Hari n’inama zimwe zijya ziyoborwa n’umuhutu ari kumwe n’umututsi, kugirango bigagarare ko bahagarariye ayo moko yombi maze ibitekerezo byabo byumvikane neza. Nyamara ibyo si byo bituma iyo ntego igerwaho.
Mu rwego rwa politiki, uyu mushinga usanga umuti w’icyo kibazo atari ugushyiraho abategetsi hakurikijwe amoko yabo, ahubwo ko ari ukwibohora izo ngengabitekerezo z’amoko tukemera iya kimuntu. Naho mu rwego rw’ubutabera, uyu mushinga ushyigikiye ko hagombye kujyaho ubutabera buhuza abantu bukanabunga (médiation et justice réparatrice) , bugacyemura ibibazo byose birimo n’ibyaha byakorewe abanyarwanda bazira ubwoko bwabo, butavanguye, maze bukunganira ubucamanza buriho.
3. Amoko si amasano, ni ukundi kwemera, kurimo ikinyoma (fausse croyance).
Ikindi kibazo buri wese yakwibaza ni ukumenya akamaro k’ayo moko twirirwa turata. Hari abayaha agaciro gakomeye, ku buryo bayitiranya n’amasano. Bati kanaka ni mwene wacu, ngo « ni uwacu », bivuga ko bahuje ubwoko, ndetse ukaba wagirango bavindimwe mwa se ne nyina! Kandi abavuga ibyo, waba utari « uwabo » bakakubwira ko ikibazo cy’amoko kiba mu banyepolitiki gusa! Uko kwironda ni ko kuvamo irondamoko n’ivanguramoko iyo abo bageze mu butegetsi. Ibi bikunze kubaho ku banyarwanda barenganyijwe kubera ubwoko bwabo, basangiye akababaro. Ni uko bakumva ko bagomba kwishyira hamwe kugirango birwaneho. Abanyarwanda dukunda kwitabaza ubwoko rero iyo dushaka kurengera amagara yacu bitewe n’akarengane gashingiye kuri politiki y’ikandamizabwoko. Ni nayo mpamvu abanyarwanda bamwe bahinduye ubwoko. Mu nyandiko nise « Munyarwanda haguruka twubake demokarasi« , natanze urugero rw’umututsi nagiriye inama yo kwiyita umuhutu muri génocide yo muri 1994 kandi bikamukiza. Kubera ko abanyepolitiki bacu kuva kera, ku ngoma zose, bagiye bashingira ubutegetsi bwabo ku moko, ibyo ni byo byatumwe abanyarwanda bamwe bayoboka amashyaka amwe n’amwe kubera ubwoko nkuko nabivuze. Ibyo mu by’ukuri biteye impungenge.
Ariko rero, hari abanyarwanda bamwe bamaze kubona ko iyo myumvire atari yo, ko ahubwo abanyepolitiki bakoresha ubwoko mu nyungu zabo bwite zirebana no kugera ku butegetsi cyangwa kubugumaho aho kuba mu nyungu z’abo basangiye ubwo bwoko nkuko bamwe babyibeshyaho. Abongabo batangiye kwibohora. Abantu ntibashobora guhuza ibitekerezo kubera ko bahuje ubwoko gusa. Iyo ugaragaje ibitekerezo binyuranye n’iby’abategetsi, nubwo mwaba musangiye ubwoko, ibyo ntibibabuza kukwamagana bakuziza ibitekerezo byawe kuko utavuga rumwe nabo. Wayoboka ibitekerezo byabo nubwo mwaba mudahuje ubwoko, mugakorana. Nanone ariko, hari igihe abategetsi bikanga ko abo badahuje ubwoko bashobora kububambura bagakora nk’ibyo nabo bakora, bityo bigatuma bahungabanya uburenganzira bwa buri wese badahuje ubwoko. Kubera ubwoba bwo gutinya ko ibyo babakoreye nabo bashobora kubibakorera. Urugero: ibyo byabayeho cyane kuva muli 1990 intambara ya FPR Inkotanyi itangiye kuko ubutegetsi bwatangiye kwishisha umututsi wese buvuga ko ari icyitso cy’inkotanyi. Abatutsi barafungwa, barasenyerwa, barakubitwa, barahigwa kandi baricwa.
- Ubwoko si bwo buranga abanyarwanda.
Nigeze kujya mu kiganiro cyerekeranye n’umubano w’abanyarwanda, tuvuga iby’amoko noneho ntanga ubuhamya kuri imwe mu mpamvu zatumye nshyiraho uyu mushinga. Ni uko nsobanura muri make imibereho yanjye kandi mvuga ko nifuje kwumva impamvu bamwe mu barokotse génocide barihoreye ku bahutu bazi neza ko batigeze bayigiramo uruhare, ndetse bamwe barabafashije kurokoka. Maze gutanga ubwo buhamya, umwe mu bari aho warokotse iyo génocide wari umaze kwivuga ko ari umututsi arambwira ngo si ndi umuhutu si ndi n’umututsi. Byumvise ndikanga. Byarantunguye kuko ari we muntu wa mbere wari umbwiye imbone nkubone icyo atekereza kuri jye ku byerekeye amoko, kandi akabimbwira hari abandi bantu benshi bumva. Namushimiye ko nibura we atarebye isura yanjye ngo anyite umuhutu cyangwa umututsi, ahubwo yavuze ibyo amaze kwumva ibitekerezo byanjye n’ukuntu nabayeho, amaze kundeba mu mutwe (il m’a jugé selon mes idées). Kandi ntiyambwiye ko ndi umutwa, ariko ndi umunyarwanda. Ni ukuvuga rero ko hariho abanyarwanda badafite ubwoko. Ikindi nishimiye ni uko ubwo buhamya bwashoboye kwumvisha uwo munyarwanda ko ubwoko bwe ashobora kubwipakurura, akibohora ingoyi yabwo, kandi bitamubujije kwumva ko yarokotse itsemba-bwoko ry’abatutsi. Nizere ko yabigezeho kuko ni byo mwifuriza. Ibyo byongeye gushimangira ibyo mpora mvuga ko amoko y’abanyarwanda aba mu mitwe yacu kandi tutayavukana.
Muri uyu mushinga, jye nemera ko uba umuhutu, umututsi cyangwa umutwa kuko bakubwiye ko ubwoko butangwa na se w’umwana ukabyemera, kandi barakubwiye nanone ko so ari umuhutu, umututsi cyangwa umutwa nabyo ukabyemera. Uramutse utabyemeye, nta bwoko waba ufite. Uramutse utazi so wakubyaye cyangwa utaramenye ubwoko bwe kubera impamvu zinyuranye, ntiwanamenya ubwoko ufite. Icyo gihe nabwo, nta bwoko waba ufite wemera ko ari ubwawe. Kandi ntibikubuza kuba uri umunyarwanda kuko bitakwambura ubwo bwenegihugu. Biterwa rero n’ibyo wabwiwe kandi wemeye. Ndemeza kandi ntashidikanya ko hari abanyarwanda benshi batari abahutu, abatutsi ntibabe n’abatwa kuko batigeze babwirwa icyo bari cyo ngo bemere ubwo bwoko (urubyiruko) cyangwa kuko bataramenya ubwenge (abana bakiri bato). Abo ubabajije ubwoko bwabo bakubwira ko batabuzi cyangwa ntihagire n’icyo bagusubiza kuko baba bataragira uko kwemera ngo babe abayoboke b’ingengabitekerezo yabwo. Abanyarwanda batigeze bacengezwamo ingengabitekerezo y’ubwoko n’ababyeyi babo, abarimu, inshuti zabo cyangwa politiki, abongabo ntibashobora kuvangura amoko. Ni yo mpamvu abanyepolitiki bakoresha urubyiruko bakarukongezamo ingengabitekerezo z’ivangura-moko iyo bashaka gutanya abanyarwanda. Amoko abaho ku bayemera, ariko ku batayemera n’abatayazi, ntabaho.
Reka twumve Nyakwigendera Jean-Christophe Matata uko nawe aduhamagarira kwibohora ingoyi y’amoko.
4. Ingengabitekerezo y’amoko ntiberanye n’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu
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Ingengabitekerezo y’amoko nyarwanda irimo ivangura (discrimination).
Twigishijwe ko ubwoko ari se w’abana ubutanga. Umuntu akaba yakwibaza impamvu ataba nyina ubasama akabatwita amezi 9 yose mu nda ye. Ese ahubwo kuki budatangwa n’ababyeyi bombi? Kuki nyina w’abana we atabaha nawe ubwoko bwe, nkaho iyo amaze gushinga urugo abutakaza cyangwa ntabugireho uburenganzira? Ibyo si ubwikanyize bw’igitsina-gabo? Binyuranyije rero n’ihame rivuga ko uburenganzira bw’umugore n’umugabo bugomba kureshya. Dukurikije umugani uvuga ko « ntawe utanga icyo adafite », bivuze nanone ko « ntawe ugira (utunga) icyo adashobora gutanga ». Ni ukuvuga rero ko umutegarugoli nta bwoko yaba afite niba adashobora kubutanga. Bibaye ari ibyo se kuki hari ababyeyi b’abanyarwandakazi benshi bishwe cyangwa bahohotewe mu bundi buryo bazira ubwoko? Bazize iki niba nta bwoko bagiraga?
Umwana utazi se wamubyaye, ntamenye ibisekuru bye, ubwoko bwe bwaba ubuhe? Igisubizo: ntabwo agira. Abana b’impinja, b’ibitambambuga batazi ubwoko icyaricyo wavuga gute ko ari abahutu, abatutsi cyangwa abatwa? Abo bana bishwe mu by’ukuri bazize ubwoko bwa ba se, ntabwo bazize ubwoko bwabo kuko ntabwo bari bafite. Bishwe batazi icyo bazira. Nta muntu ushobora kwitirirwa ubutunzi bw’ikintu nawe ubwe atazi ko afite (nul ne peut être désigné propriétaire d’une chose dont il ignore l’existence). Mu Rwanda, abantu benshi, harimo ndetse n’abanyamahanga (urugero: abanyekongo), bazize ubwoko badafite kubera ya ngengabitekerezo mbi yo guha umuntu ubwoko ukurikije isura ye. Ariko ntibivuze ko ababishe batakoze génocide. Abishe abo batari abatutsi nabo bakoze ibyaha bya génocide kuko bibwiraga ko abo bica ari abatutsi. Kimwe n’uko hari abantu batari abahutu, barimo ndetse n’abazwiho ko ari abatutsi, bafatanyije n’abahutu kwica abatutsi kandi bashaka kubarimbura nabo bakoze génocide, kuko bari bashyigikiye iyo ngengabitekerezo ya génocide. Muri abo, abazwiho ko ari abatutsi bashobora kuba bariyumvagamo ko bo ari abahutu cyangwa ko nta bwoko bafite, cyangwa bakiyumvamo ko ari abatutsi ariko babifitemo inyungu za politiki. Igitekerezo (l’intention) cy’umuntu ukora icyaha nicyo cya ngombwa mu kumenya icyaha cyakozwe icyo ari cyo.
Urundi rugero: ugiye kwiba umuturanyi wawe radiyo kuko uzi neza ko ari iye kandi ahubwo ari iyawe bakwibye bakayimugurishaho atabizi nawe utabizi, icyo gihe uzakurikiranwaho icyaha cy’ubujura nubwo umaze kuyiba wasanga ari ya yindi yawe. Ni yo mpamvu, abafite ingengabitekerezo y’uko amoko atabaho bitavuze ko bahakana génocide y’abatutsi, kuko nubwo byaba ari byo ko ayo moko atabaho koko, ariko abishe abatutsi bakaba bari bazi ko ayo moko ariho kuko bayemeraga, ntibibuza icyaha cya génocide kuba cyarakozwe. Nanone kandi, ubwicanyi bwakorewe abahutu n’abandi bantu bazira ko barengera abatutsi kandi babarwanirira kugirango baticwa (urugero: kubahisha), ubwo bwicanyi nabwo bushamikiye ku cyaha cya génocide. Abo bantu nabo bazize génocide y’abatutsi (ce sont des victimes du génocide des tutsi). Byumvikane rero ko hari abantu batari abatutsi nabo barokotse génocide y’abatutsi.
NTABWO ABAKOZE GENOCIDE Y’ABATUTSI ARI ABAHUTU BOSE, NTABWO ABAZIZE IYO GENOCIDE N’ABAYIROKOTSE ARI ABATUTSI GUSA KANDI ABAYIKOZE SI ABAHUTU GUSA. GENOCIDE Y’ABATUTSI YABEREYE MU RWANDA. ARIKO N’AMATEGEKO MPUZAMAHANGA ARAYIHANA. NTA BWOKO BW’INZIRAKARENGANE KANDI NTA BWOKO BW’ABANYABYAHA BUBAHO.
- Kubarura amoko ni ukuyavangura
Kubarura abanyarwanda hagamijwe kumenya umubare w’abahutu, uw’abatutsi n’uw’abatwa nta kindi byaba bigamije uretse kuvangura ayo moko. Bitabaye ari ibyo, umuntu yavuga ate ko ibarura ryigeze gukorwa ngo rigasanga abatwa ari 1%, abatutsi ari 14% naho abahutu ari 85% ryari rigamije iki? Iryo barura ndetse ryuzuyemo ibinyoma kuko hari abandi banyarwanda benshi badafite ayo moko nkuko nabivuze, kandi umubare wabo udashobora kumenyekana mu by’ukuri. Iyo mibare rero nta gaciro ikwiye guhabwa kuko yakozwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’ihame rivuga ko abanyarwanda bose bagomba kugira uburenganzira bumwe. Bityo rero, n’indi mibare yose yabarura abazima cyangwa abapfuye kandi ishingiye ku mibare y’iryo barura, nta gaciro yagombye kugira kuko nayo yaba irimo ivangura n’ikinyoma.
Hari abandi banyarwanda biswe ngo ni « abahutu modérés« . Ubwo se nabwo bwaba ari ubundi bwoko bushya? Bo baba ari bangahe kw’ijana? Kuki nta batutsi bitwa « abatutsi modérés » ntihabe n’abatwa bitwa « abatwa modérés » ni ukuvuga ko bo batabaho? Iryo naryo ni irindi vangura! Ahubwo abiyumvamo ko ari abahutu modérés, abatutsi modérés n’abatwa modérés bagombye kwumva gusa ko atari abahutu, ntibabe n’abatutsi, ntibabe n’abatwa kuko batemera ingengabitekerezo z’ubwoko bumwe zikandamiza ubundi bwoko.
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Nta tegeko rigena amoko y’abanyarwanda ryigeze ribaho, ngo rivuge amoko icyaricyo, ikiyatandukanya n’akamaro kayo.
Ko politiki y’abanyarwanda ihinduka buri gihe, hagize ubutegetsi bwemeza ko ubwoko butangwa na nyina w’abana, abanyarwanda bamwe ubwoko bwabo ntibwahita buhinduka? Ushobora kwiyita umuhutu uyu munsi, ejo ukiyita umututsi ejobundi ukiyita umutwa. USHOBORA NO KUVUGA KO NTA BWOKO UGIRA, kuko ibyo byose utabyemera. Nta kibikubuza, nta tegeko ribihana. Na kera ngo umuhutu yahindukaga umututsi cyangwa umututsi agahinduka umuhutu bitewe n’umubare w’inka amaze kugira. Aho amarangamuntu yadukiye, hariho abahinduye ubwoko muri izo mpapuro (ibyangombwa) ariko nta n’umwe nzi wigeze abihanirwa kuko nta cyaha bakoze, kimwe n’abababuhinduriye. N’uwari kubihanirwa yari kuba arenganye. Ni ukuvuga rero ko hari n’abanyarwanda batiyumvagamo ubwoko ubu n’ubu nubwo bwabaga bwanditse mw’irangamuntu yabo. Mbere y’intambara ya 1990 hari abanyarwanda benshi batitaga ku moko yitwaga ko ari ayabo. Ahubwo ikibabaje, ni uko hari abitirira abandi ubwoko, barebye amasura yaho kubera ingengabitekerezo ya politiki (idéologie politique) bigishijwe, aho kubabaza ubwo bafite ubwaribwo. Nizere ko nawe usoma iyi nyandiko utaza gushakisha ifoto yanjye ari cyo ugamije… Iyo ngengabitekerezo ni yo dukwiye KWIBOHORA kuko inyuranyije n’amahame y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremamuntu.
- Amoko y’abanyarwanda ni amahimbano
Nta bintu (ibimenyetso) biranga amoko y’abanyarwanda mu buryo butandukanye kandi bugaragarira buri wese (il n’y a pas de critères objectifs qui distinguent les ethnies rwandaises). Ni nacyo gituma kutayemera bifite ishingiro. Rukundo ashobora kureba Mudacumura akabona ari umuhutu, ariko Niyonzima we akabona Mudacumura ari umututsi… Abantu batuye Isi yose baremye kimwe. Abakoloni bahimbye iyo ngengabitekerezo bari bafite mu mitwe yabo iyo bavanye iwabo itandukanya aba-wallons, aba-flamands n’aba-neerlandophones, maze bumva ko no mu Rwanda ari uko byagombye kugenda ku bahutu, abatutsi n’abatwa, kandi ntaho duhuriye nabo. Kuki ayo mazina yari afite ikindi asobanura, bayahinduye amoko? Iwabo mu Bubiligi, ko ayo moko ataba mu byangombwa byabo kuki bayashyize mu byacu? Icyiza babonaga kirimo ni ikihe? Ibitandukanya amoko yabo birigaragaza: indimi zabo n’aho batuye n’imico itandukanye, ariko iwacu i Rwanda, abanyarwanda dufite ururimi rumwe, umuco umwe kandi dutuye hamwe, hose mu gihugu. Abakoloni bimaze kubayobera bakabona ko ibyo byose tubihuje, nibwo bahimbye ko ngo amoko y’abanyarwanda arangwa kandi atandukanywa n’amasura yacu ! Kugera aho bajya gupima ibice bimwe by’umubiri !! Ko abo bakoloni bari barihaye Imana, bumvaga ko ibyo Imana ibyemera? Ko bari bari bazanywe no guteza imbere imibereho y’abanyarwanda (civilisation), babonaga ibyo biberanye n’amahame mpuzamahanga arengera uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu? Biteye isoni n’agahinda. Ariko se kuki twe abanyarwanda na n’ubu dukomeza kubyemera ? Nyuma ya génocide yakorewe abatutsi, aho kugirango abantu bibaze ibyo, ahubwo bamwe bibaza ukuntu ngo abahutu b’abakirisitu bagiye kwicira abatutsi mu makiriziya. Impamvu ni uko uko ukwemera kw’amoko kwaganjije cyangwa kwasimbuye ukwemera Imana (la foi en Dieu) n’ukwemera Ubumuntu (la foi en Humanité).
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Ubwoko bureba umuntu ku giti cye (l’appartenance à l’ethnie est d’ordre privé)
Nigeze kuganira n’umugabo w’inshuti yanjye amperekeje, ni uko tubona undi munyarwanda nari ntegereje noneho musezeraho. Iyo nshuti irambwira ngo: « ugendana n’abantu bo muri buriya bwoko »? Ubwo mu mutwe we yibwiraga ko mpuje nawe ubwoko nyamara sinigeze na rimwe mubwira ubwoko bwanjye. Kandi nanjye sinari nzi ubwe. None se ubwo yabwiwe n’iki ubwoko bw’uwo munyarwanda? Aho yabushakiye nta handi ni ku isura akurikije ya ngengabitekerezo yigishijwe, ngo abahutu basa batya, abatutsi basa batya, abatwa basa batya. Ibyo bikaba byaramugiye mu mutwe, akabifata nk’ihame.
Kubera ko kwiyumvamo ubwobo ari ukwemera kw’umuntu ku giti cye, nta muntu wagombye kwitirira undi ubwoko, kuko nyirabwo ni we uba uzi neza ubwo yemera ko afite ubwaribwo. Kwita umunyarwanda runaka umuhutu, umututsi cyangwa umutwa atakwibwiriye ubwoko yemera ko afite ubwaribwo, ni nko kwita umuntu umukirisitu kandi utazi ko yemera Yezu Kristu. Wabirebera he? Nta munyarwanda rero wagombye guhangayikishwa no kumenya ubwoko bw’abandi kuko ibyo bitamureba, cyangwa kubutinya.
Hari inshuti yanjye twiganye twabanye neza kuva muli 1975 kugeza muli 1994, muli génocide bamwicana n’umugore we n’umwana we nabyaye muli batisimu ariko namenye ko yari umututsi aho menyeye ko bamwishe bamuziza ubwoko bwe. Kuko mu mibanire yacu, ntitwigeze tuvugana iby’amoko. Kandi wenda ashobora no kuba we atarumvaga ko ari umututsi.
Hari igihe ushobora kubaza umuntu ubwoko bwe akagira ati: « ndi umuhutu (tutsi) kuko data ari umuhutu (tutsi) ariko mama ni umututsi (hutu) ». Ntiyerure ngo avuge ati: « ndi umuhutu nkaba n’umututsi », cyangwa se ati: « ndi imvange y’umuhutu n’umututsi », cyangwa se nanone ngo avuge gusa ati: « ndi umuhutu (tutsi) kuko data ari umuhutu (tutsi) ». Uwo munyarwanda aba yemera amoko kuko yumvise bavuga ko ariho, ariko ashidikanya ubwoko bwe ubwo aribwo mu by’ukuri, nkaho agomba kubugira kandi – nkuko nabivuze – nta kibimutegeka. Hari abandi bemera ndetse ko hari ubundi bwoko bwa kane bwavutse: « abahutsi », ni ukuvuga abo bavuka ku babyeyi badahuje ubwoko bw’abahutu n’abatutsi. Nibe nabo bemera ko, niba amoko abaho kandi akaba avukanwa, umutegarugoli nawe agira ubwoko kandi akwiye kubutanga! Ariko se bibaye ari ibyo, abavuka ku muhutu no ku mutwa bazitwa Hutwa, maze abavuka ku mututsi no ku mutwa bakitwa Tutwa? Kuki bo batavugwa? Naho se abazavuka ku babyeyi badahuje ayo moko yandi mashya bo bazitwa bande? Ibyo byose rero birutwa n’uko abo bavuga bati: « ntabwo ndi umuhutu sindi umututsi, sindi n’umutwa.» Uko ni kwo KURI. Naho ubundi, ayo mazina yandi yose ni amafitirano.
5. Ingengabitekerezo y’amoko ntiberanye n’umuco nyarwanda.
Kuki abanyarwanda bemeye ko umwana agira ubwoko bwa se kandi mu muco nyarwanda uwo mwana atitwa izina rye?Nkeka ko ibyo byemejwe n’abakoloni kuko iwabo umwana afata izina rya se umubyara. Ariko ubu batangiye kubona ko ibyo bibangamiye ihame ry’uko abantu tureshya imbere y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, mu gihe kuri iyo ngingo twebwe umuco wacu ubwubahiriza kuva kera, ababyeyi bakita umwana wabo izina ridahuye na rimwe mu mazina yabo. Kuko buri muntu wese atandukanye n’undi. Dukwiye rero gusubira mu muco wacu no ku byerekeye amoko, tukareka kubwira abana bacu ko bafite ubwoko ubu n’ubu ngo ni uko twebwe ba se ari bwo twiyumvamo. Ko amazina y’abanyarwanda ari menshi cyane atabarika ndetse tuzi no kuyahimba, ariko ayo moko akaba ari atatu gusa, abo bana bacu bazakura he andi moko bakwitwa adahuye n’ayacu kandi nayo anyuranye? Nguko uko ubuhutu, ubututsi n’ubutwa buzacika mu Rwanda, tugasubira ku bwoko bwacu bwo mu muco karande: abasinga, abasindi, abagesera, abega, abanyiginya, n’ayandi. Na ndetse, tugarutse kuri za ngengabitekerezo zivuga ibyitwa ko bitandukanya amoko natangiye mvuga, nta mpamvu n’imwe yasobanura uburyo umwana agomba kugira ubwoko bwa se. Uko kwemera si ugutagatifu ! Nimubyisuzumire namwe…
6. Umwanzuro: amoko si amayobera matagatifu atavuguruzwa.
Amoko y’abanyarwanda akoreshwa hakurikijwe inyungu za politiki. Aba mu ngengabitekerezo zayo no mu mitwe y’abazemera. Niyo mpamvu ibyayo ari amayobera koko, ariko ntabwo ari amayobera matagatifu atavuguruzwa!! Nitureke kwemera izo ngengabitekerezo buhumyi. Kwibohora ingoma irengera ubwoko ikarenganya ubundi, ntiwibohore ingengabitekerezo z’ayo moko, ntibihagije. Hashize imyaka myinshi twigobotoye ingoyi ya gihake na gikolonize, ariko ntiturigobotora ingengabitekerezo z’amoko y’Inyabutatu zashyizweho n’abo bakoloni. Ntitugomba kuzifata nk’Ivanjili batuzaniye yatwigishije ubutatu butagatifu – kuko inyabutatu nyarwanda ntabwo ari irindi dini ! - ahubwo dukeneye kwibohora ingoyi yazo kubera ko zibangamiye uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu n’umuco wacu, kandi ziracyatuboshye. Naho ubundi ziraturimbura. Bityo twibohore byuzuye kugirango tugere ku bwiyunge nyakuri. Hakwiye kuzabaho inama nkuru yahuza abanyarwanda bo mu nzego zose, ikiga ikibazo cy’amoko maze ikakibonera umuti burundu. Mu bwigenge buhamye. Maze abanyarwanda bazareke kwongera kuzira amoko, ingengabitekerezo zayo zizabe umugani ucibwa. Abuzukuru n’abuzukuruza bacu bazajye bavuga bati: KERA HABAYEHO …
Uwavuga iby’amoko y’abanyarwanda ntiyabirangiza !
Umuyobozi w’Umushinga w’Ubwiyunge Nyakuri
Umushinga wigenga utabogamiye kuri politiki y’amashyaka