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KPƐLƖKƲƲ 50
Yehowa lʋbɩ Yozafaatɩ yɔɔ
Yozafaatɩ kaakɛ Yuuda wiyaʋ weyi ɛsɛɣaɣ Yehowa yɔ. Ɛyɔkɩ Baalɩ altaarunaa nɛ sɩʋ kpelisi ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa. Yozafaatɩ ɛɛsɔɔlɩ siŋŋ se samaɣ ɛtɩlɩ Yehowa paɣtʋ. Pʋyɔɔ etiyi awumbiya nɛ Leevi cejewiye taa mba Yuuda ɛjaɖɛ taa se pawɩlɩ samaɣ paɣtʋ.
Ajɛɛ wena aañɔtɩnɩ Yuuda ɛjaɖɛ yɔ, sɔɔndʋ kpaɣaɣ-yɛ se ayooni Yuuda ñɩma mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, anawa se Yehowa wɛ ɛ-samaɣ cɔlɔ nɛ ɛsɩɣnɩ-kɛ. Halɩ atiyaɣni kʋjɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ wiyaʋ Yozafaatɩ. Ɛlɛ Amɔɔnɩ ñɩma nɛ Mowaabʋ ñɩma nɛ ajɛɛ wena aawɛ Seyiri Pʋʋ yɔɔ yɔ, aakɔma se ayooni Yuuda ɛjaɖɛ. Yozafaatɩ kaanawa se pɩpɔzʋʋ se Yehowa ɛsɩnɩ-ɩ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛpɩzɩ ɛwa you ŋgʋ. Pʋyɔɔ eyeba nɛ halaa nɛ abalaa nɛ pɩkpɛndɩnɩ piya, pɔkɔɔ pekpeɣli Yeruzalɛm. Yozafaatɩ tɩmnɩ Yehowa samaɣ ɛsɩndaa nɛ ɛtɔ se: ‘Yehowa, ye ŋtɩsɩnɩ-ɖʋ yɔ, ɖɩɩpɩzɩɣ nɛ ɖɩwa you. Mentendi-ŋ, heyi-ɖʋ mbʋ pɩpɔzʋʋ se ɖɩla yɔ.’
Yehowa cosi-wɛ nɛ eheyi-wɛ se: ‘Sɔɔndʋ ɛtaakpa-mɩ. Mansɩɣnɩ-mɩ. Ɩñɔɔzɩ mɩ-tɩ nɛ ɩɖaŋ nɛ ɩkaɣ naʋ ɛzɩma mayakɩ mɩ-ñʋʋ yɔ.’ Ɛbɛ Yehowa laba nɛ ɛya pa-ñʋʋ?
Teu fema lɛ, Yozafaatɩ heyi hendu teyaa se pɛɖɛɛ nɔɔ sɔɔjanaa. Pɔɖɔma, kpaɣnɩ Yeruzalɛm nɛ powolo you ɖɩlaɖɛ taa, ɖenɖe payaɣ se Tekowa yɔ.
Hendu teyaa wɛɛ nɛ pasaŋ Yehowa nɛ taa leleŋ nɛ nɔɔ kɩkʋyaɣ lɛ, Yehowa la you nɛ ɛya ɛ-samaɣ ñʋʋ. Eyeba nɛ Amɔɔnɩ ñɩma nɛ Mowaabʋ ñɩma pa-ñʋŋ taa sidi nɛ papaɣzɩ ɖama kʋʋ nɛ pɔkɔɔ pɛtɛ. Ɛlɛ Yuuda samaɣ taa tʋ nɔɔyʋ tɩmʋ heŋ. Yehowa ɖɔm ɛ-tɔm yɔɔ ɛzɩ eeheyuu-wɛ yɔ. Ajɛɛ wena añɔtɩnɩ Yuuda yɔ, anɩɩ se mbʋ Yehowa yabɩ ɛ-samaɣ ñʋʋ nɛ ana ɖɔɖɔ se eeyeki ɛ-samaɣ yɔɔ kandɩyʋʋ. Yehowa tɩŋɩɣnɩ nʋmɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɛyakɩ ɛ-samaɣ ñʋʋ. Pɩtɩcɛyɩ se ɛtɩŋnɩ ɛyaa yɔɔ pʋcɔ nɛ ɛla mbʋ.
“Pɩtɩkɛ mɩkaɣnɩ you; ɛlɛ ɩsɩŋ nɛ lidaʋ nɛ ɩkaɣ naʋ [Yehowa] sɩnʋʋ.” —4 Awiya 20:17


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Niels Bohr
Niels Henrik David Bohr (aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 7 pɩnaɣ 1885 Kopɛnhaagi, Tanemarkɩ kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 18 pɩnaɣ 1962, ɛkɛ tomnasi ɖɔnɛ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ Danemark ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pasɩma-ɩ pɩlɩna ɛzɩma ɛɖʊ nesɩ ñʊŋ ñɩɣyɩŋ tɛ matʊ, pɩlɩna pʊyɔɔ lɛ, ɛmʊ samtʊ sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ. Pɩtaa lɛ,ɛmʊ Nobel liidiye kɩhɛyɩɣ tomnasi ɖɔnɛ nɔmɔʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1922.
Ɛ-caa kɔyɔ Christian Bohr, ɛlɛ kaakɛ ɖɔkɔtɔ sukuli wɩlɩyʊ nɛ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ sukuli kɩtɛzɩɣ taa wɩlɩyaa ñʊʊ tʊ. Niel Bohr kaawɛna ɖalʊ Harald Bohr, ɛlɛ ñɛkɛ lɛɣtʊ tɩlɩyʊ nɛ ahelesa laɖʊ sɔsɔ. Ɛmakaɣ pombo ɛ-tɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ ahelesa lɛna wena palakaɣ-yɛ Lɔndrɩ tɛtʊ taa yɔ). Ɛwɛna kɔɔ payaɣ ɛlɛ se Jenny. Ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛkɛ pombo maɖʊ sɔsɔ.
Niels sʊ sukuli kɩtɛzɩ tɛ Kopenhaagɩ pɩnaɣ 1903. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1906 tɛ pazɩ taa lɛ, ɛla tʊmɩyɛ lɩm seluu yɔ yɔɔ nɛ ɛ-takayaɣ mʊna kɩhɛyɩɣ pɩlɩna Tanemarkɩ kewiyaɣ taa lɛɣtʊ nɛ takayasɩ tʊma yɔɔ cɔnɩya yaa tɔmɩŋ lɩzɩya yɔɔ. Ɛmʊ sukuli kɩtɛzɩɣ taa takayaɣ sɔsɔ ŋga payaɣ se dokitora yɔ Kopenhaagɩɩ peeɖe pɩnaɣ 1911. Fenasɩ labɩ cabɩ lɛ, ɛma ka-takayaɣ kɩtɩnaɣ nɛ pʊwayi lɛ, ɛɖʊ tablɩyɛ nɛ Margrethe Norlung (pɩnzɩ 1890 ŋtalɩ 1984).
Ɛmʊ liidiye kɩhɛyɛ pɩlɩna Carsberg kiɖe yɔ nɛ ɛsɔɔlɩ kajalaɣ taa se ɛla tʊmɩyɛ Cambridge sukuli kɩtɛzɩɣ taa ɛ-nɛ wɩlɩyʊ Joseph John Thomson pɩlɩna :nñɩɩ kɔtɩɩ waa yɔɔ ɖenɖe ɛ-kɔɖɛyɩ tasɩ yɔ. Bohr caŋ eyele ɛcatɩ Ernest Rutherfort weyi ɛkatɩɣ Manchester (Angleterre tɛtʊ taa yɔ).
Ɛsʊ Danemark pɩnaɣ 1912 nɛ ɛkpaɣ halʊ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa. Hɔʊ ŋgʊ kɩlʊlɩ piya abalɩpiya loɖo, weyi pakɩlɩ sɩm ɛnʊ yɔ Aage Bohr, ɛmʊ Nobel liidiye kɩhɛyʊ tomnasi ɖɔnɛ nɔmɔʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1975. Ɛpɩsɩ sɩnayʊ tomnasi ɖɔnɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa Copenhague.
Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1921, ɛmʊ Hughes tataɖɛ. Pɩnaɣ 1922, ɛmʊ Nobel liidiye tomnasi ɖɔnɛ nɔmɔʊ taa pɩlɩna ñɩɣyɩŋ ñʊŋ tɛ . Ɛpɩsɩ ɛyʊ ɛkɔm kewiyaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1926. Ɛmʊ ɖɔɖɔ Franklin tataɖɛ pɩnaɣ 1926 nɛ Faraday Lectureship Siini kewiyaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1930 nɛ Copley tataɖɛ pɩnaɣ 1938 alɩwaatʊ taa.

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Bernhard Riemann
Georg Friedrich Bernahard Riemann, palʊla-ɩ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 17 pɩnaɣ 1826 kɛ Breslenz tɛtʊ taa, Caama ɛjaɖɛ. Ɛsɩ hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 20 pɩnaɣ 1866 kɛ Selasca ɛjaɖɛ taa, pɩkɛ egeetiye cikpeɖe naɖɩyɛ Verbania kooka taa kɛ Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛyʊ ɛɛkɛ lɛɣtʊ tɩlɩyʊ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Palʊla-ɩ Breselenz, pɩkɛ haɖaa kooka nakɛyɛ Hanover kewiyaɣ ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ nɔɔnɔɔ tɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa. Riemann kɛ pɩɣa naalɛ ŋga kɛ pɩyaa loɖo taa. Ɛ-caa, Friedrich Bernhard Riemann, ɛɛkɛ Luther ninɖiyu yaa pastɔɣɔ, ɛlaba ɖɔɖɔ napoléon tɛ yoŋ. E-ɖoo Charlotte Ebell, ɛlɛ ñasɩba lɔŋ pʊcɔ e-pipaa paɣlɩ. Bernhard kaawɛ pɩɣa ŋñɩɩ mbʊ yɔ, ɛ-ñʊʊ taa katɛma wɛʊ lɛɣtʊ lɔŋ. Ɛlɛ ɛyʊ ɛnʊyɔ ɛɛwɛ hɛmmm nɛ ɛsɔɔlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛyaa taa mbʊ lɛ, pɩpɩsɩ-ɩ kʊdɔŋ ɛ-ñʊʊ taa.
Pʊkɔma pɩnaɣ 1840 taa lɛ, Bernhard wolo Hanover ɛcaɣ e-neze cɔlɔ nɛ ewoki Lyceum (kɔlɛzɩ sukuli). E-neze sɩba pɩnaɣ 1842 wayi lɛ, ewolo Lunebourg se pɩsa ɛpɩzɩ ɛla ɛ-kɔlɛzɩ sukuli. Ɛkɔma ɛtalɩ hɛkʊ taa sukuli kɩlɛlʊʊ ɖamɩŋ taa lɛ, ɛkpɛlɛkɩ sakɩyɛ Ɛsɔ tɔm takayaɣ, ɛlɛ, ɛkɩlɩ sɔɔlʊʊ lɛɣtʊ tɔm nɛ halɩ ɛsɔɔlɩ se ɛtakɩ nɛ ɛwɩlɩ takayaɣ ŋga ka-taa tɔm kiɖe nɛ lɛɣtʊ lɔŋ yɔ. Pɩɖɩzɩ ɛ-wɩlɩyaa se papɩzɩ panɩɩ ɛ-lɔŋ tɔbʊʊ nɛ pocosi-i.
Pʊkɔma pɩnaɣ 1846 taa lɛ, ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 19 kɛlɛ, pɩtɩŋna e-liɖe liidiye yɔɔ lɛ, ɛpazɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ lɔnsɩnɖɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ Ɛsɔ tɔm kpɛlɛkʊʊ camɩyɛ se pɩha-ɩ waɖɛ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ pastɔɣɔ yaa Ɛsɔ tɔm heyiyu nɛ ɛkapɩzɩ nɛ ɛha liidiye ɛ-ñɩma.
Pɩnaɣ 1847 taa lɛ, ɛ-caa hayi nɔmɔʊ se ɛpazɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ lɛɣtʊ tʊmɩyɛ. Kajalaɣ lɛ, ɛla Göttingen sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa ɖenɖe ɛkata Carl Friedrich Gauss yɔɔ, pʊwayɩ lɛ, ɛla Berlin sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ ɖenɖe ɛkata wɩlɩyaa lalaa ɛzɩ Jacobi nɛ Steiner nɛ Dirichlet. Ehiɣa se ɛpɩsɩ wɩlɩyʊ kɛ Göttingen sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1857 taa lɛ, ɛɖanɩɣ kpaʊ Dirichlet lɩmaɣza alɩwaatʊ ɛlɛ ñasɩba yɔ. Pʊkɔma pɩnaɣ 1862 lɛ, ɛkpaɣ halʊ nɛ paya ɛlɛ se Elise Koch. Bernhard sɩbɩna kpezi wɩlaɣ kʊɖɔŋ mbʊ lɛ, ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 39 kɛ Selasca tɛtʊ taa nɛ pepime-ɩ Biganzolo sɩɖaa naŋ yɔɔ kɛ Verbania tɛtʊ taa.


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Hɩɖɛ (Sein)
Hɩɖɛ kɛna mbʊ pɩwɛ halʊ laŋgɩyɛ taa yɔ. Ɛyʊ tɛ lɛ hɩla wɛ naalɛ, nɛ ɛ-laŋgɩyɛ taa kɛ añɔʊ. Tɛtɛ kpɩna naayɛ hɩla wɛ naalɛ, nɛ lɛɛna yɔɔ ñɩna lɛ, aɖɛ naalɛ yɔɔ. Hɩɖɛ taa kɛ hɩlɩm wɛɛ, nɛ hɩlɩm mbʊ, mbʊ halʊ calʊna ɛ-pɩɣa cɩɩɩ nɛ kɔkɔɔ kapɩɩ. Abalʊ laŋgɩyɛ taa hɩla wɛ naalɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛlɛ atapaɣlɩ ɛzɩ halʊ tɛ yɔ. Ɛyaa tɛ lɛ, paa halʊ yaa abalʊʊ yɔ, hɩɖɛ taa nɛ hɩlɩmɩnaɣ ɖɩcaɣyɛ kpaɣ ɖooo pɩcatʊ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ e-evebitu yaa ɛ-pɛlɛtʊ. Ɛlɛ halɩbʊwa ɖeke tɛ kɛ hɩla ana alɩ camɩyɛ.
Pɩlɩna ɖenɖe ɛpaɣzɩ ɛsɔtʊ naʊ yaa ɛpaɣzɩ fenaɣ lɛ yaa ɖɔɖɔ pɩlɩna mbʊ ɛnʊ ɛzɩ ɛcalʊ pɩɣa hɩlɩm yɔ. Halʊ hɩɖɛ nɔɔ taa pɔŋ nɩɩyɛ wɛ fɩɩɩ fɩɩɩ nɛ peeɖe hɩlɩm lɩɣna nɛ pɩɣa mʊzʊʊ. Hɩɖɛ wɛm mbʊ yɔ, ɖɩlɛɛzʊʊ yem yem: kacalaɣ taa lɛ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ halʊ naɣ fenaɣ yɔ lɛ yaa ɛpaɣzɩ ɛsɔtʊ naʊ lɛ, nabʊlɛ taa lɛ, soŋgaɣ yaa nɩkaɣ ŋga kɛwɛɛ yɔ kɔ-yɔɔ nɛ kpaagbaa taa lɛ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pɩkʊyʊna-ɩ yɔ yaa ɛ-hɔɔ taa. Pɩ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-tɩŋa tɩ-taa hɩla paɣlʊ nɛ ahɛɛ ɖoŋ pazɩ. Pɩɩsɩɣna se hɩɖɛ wazaɣ kɛlɛ se pɩɣa ɛmʊzɩ nɛ kapaɣlɩ nɛ kɛwɛ ɖoŋ nɛ kpekpka.
Hɩla wɛna wazaɣ lɛɛka ɖɔɖɔ: hɩɖɛ kɛna mbʊ pɩpɩzɩɣ nɛ pɩhɔ abalɩpɩɣa kɛ halɩbɩɣa cɔlɔ. Mbʊ yebina nɛ nabʊyʊ taa, paa halɩbɩɣa ɛɛwɛ ɛzɩma, ehikʊ walʊ nɛ ɛwalɩ. Kʊdɔŋ nakʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ kɩɩlanɩ hɩlaa ɖeu: ŋgʊ payaɣ se pɩcɛɛɣɖɛ kʊdɔŋ yɔ.


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Vɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ
Vɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kɛ Viet Nam ɛjaɖɛ tɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ. Kɩlɩna Mon-Khmer pɩlɩŋga taa osɩtroazɩyatɩkɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ taa. Vɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kɛ osɩtroazɩyatɩkɩ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩnɩyaa ɖɔɣ sakɩyɛ nɛ kɩcɛzɩ tam hɩʊ kɛ Khmer ŋgʊ ngʊ kɩ-kɛ naalɛ ŋgʊ. Kɩ-kɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ kiyeke yɔ nɛ kɩwɛna nɔɣ tomiye kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ yɔ nɛ kɩwɛna nɔɣ tiliʊʊ tɛ wɛtʊ tam loɖo.
Ɖɩkpaɣ Fɩyɛtɩnaam samaɣ kɔyɔ mba palʊlɩ-wɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ yɔ pɛkpɛndʊʊ ɛzɩ hiʊ waa lutozo nɛ kɩgbanzɩ mɩnɩʊ yɔ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔ waa naalɛ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛ kewiyaɣ maɣmaɣ tɩla se kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ maʊ kpata lɩna Jésuite Alexandre de Rhode pɩnaɣ 1651 kɛ Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum taa.
Vɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ wɛ Viet-muong kʊnʊmɩŋ tɛ agbeela taa mon-khmer pɩlɩŋga taa osɩtroazɩyatɩkɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ cejewiye taa. Patɩlɩʊʊ Vɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ se kɩ-kɛ mon-khmer yɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩʊ nɛ nɩnʊwa. Kɔnaɣ tʊ weyi ɛtamsɩ Vɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ nɛ mon-khmer kʊnʊmɩŋ yɔ ɛnʊ lɛ, James Richardson Logan pɩnaɣ 1852. Sɔnɔ yɔ tʊma sakɩyɛ wɛ pɩlɩna hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa.


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Charlie Chaplin
Charles Spencer Chaplin, pɛɖɛyɩ-ɩ se Charlie Chaplin kɛ Krandɩ-Pretaanɩ-tʊ nɛ palʊla-ɩ Lɔndrɩ kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 16 pɩnaɣ 1889 nɛ ɛsɩ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ 25 pɩnaɣ 1977. Ɛyʊ ɛnɛ ɛkɛ mʊsɩ laɖu nɛ ɛlakɩ tanaʊ nɛ ɛɖʊ kɛlɛm kɛlɛmwaa yɔɔ nɛ payaɣ se sinimaɣ nɛ eluki wondʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Charlie Chaplin kɛ sinimaɣ taa sɔdʊ sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ pɩlɩɩna e-sinimaɣ taa weyi ɛyaa se Charlot yɔ. Charlie Chaplin paɣzɩɣ ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ labʊ yɔ pɩdɛɖɛ pɩnzɩ 65 ɛlɛ ɛwɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛmnaa sakɩyɛ taa nɛ pɛɖɛ ɛzɩ 80 yɔ nɛ ɛ-ɖonɛ nɛ e-wezu caɣʊ nɛ taa yeba nɛ nabayɩ tɔŋ se ɛkɩlaɣ ɖɛlɛzɩɣ ɖɔm.
Palʊla chaplin kɛ Lɔndrɩ nɛ ɛ-caa tawɛɛ ɛnɛ e-ɖoo pɔ-cɔlɔ. Paawɛ kʊñɔŋ sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ taa nɛ e-ɖoo kaawɛ tanɩm taa ɖɔɖɔ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna pasɩ-ɩ ɖakʊtaa ŋgʊ kʊcɔŋna mba pa-ñʊntaa sɩda pazɩ yɔ pɔ-yɔɔ yɔ. Pɩlakaɣ mbʊ lɛ, Chaplin kaawɛna pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ naanza. Chaplin ɛnʊ ɛpaaza ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ lɛ ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ kagbaanzɩ. Charlie Chaplin paɣza ɛ-tanaʊ ɖooo pɩcatʊ nɛ ɛpaɣzɩna tanaŋ ndɩ ndɩ yem. Chaplin wɛna pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ nakʊ lɛ, ɛ-tɔm kɛdɩna ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ payaɣ-ɩ se Fred Karno. Ɛyʊ ɛnɛ ɛkɛ weyi ɛsɔɔla se lɛlʊ ɛlakɩ nabʊyʊ nɛ eɖeke ɛɛpɩzɩʊ, ɛsɩna-ɩ. Pɩla mbʊ lɛ, Fred Karno nɛ Chaplin pɔcɔɔ Etaazuuni tɛtʊ taa nɛ pɔcɔɔ kpɛɛɛ. Ɛ-tɛ kacalɣ se ɛlaba amʊʊza nɛ pɩna-ɩ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm waa taa lɛ pɩnaɣ 1914.
Ɛ-tɛ sinimaɣ ŋgʊ ɛya-kʊ se: Pɩsa nɛ ɛyʊ hiu ɛ-tɩ nɛ takayaɣ ŋga ka-taa kɛ ɛlɩzɩ ɛ-ɛyʊ weyi ɛyaɣ-ɩ se Charlot. Pitasɩɩna-ɩ nɛ sinimaɣ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeke, ɛlaba hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Pɩnaɣ 1918 taa lɛ, Chaplin kaakɛ keteŋna kpeekpe taa sɔdʊŋ taa sɔdʊʊ ŋgʊ ɛyaa kaasɩma pɩɖɔɔ siŋŋŋ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1919 taa Chaplin nɛ ɛ-taabalaa palɩzɩ sinimaɣ takayasɩ ndɩ ndɩ: Kid (1921), Samaɣ lɩmaazɩyɛ (1923), Ɔɔrɩ wayɩ cɛɛndɩɣ (1925), Sirki (1928). Pɩwayɩ lɛ ɛlɩzɩ Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa mʊntʊzʊʊ (1931) nɛ Alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ tɔm (1936).


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Kampala
Kampala kɛna Ugandaa ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Uganda ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʊ taa ɖeyi ɖeyi nɛ ageeta kagbaanzɩ wɛna: hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Kuwɛmpɩ, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Makindiye,wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Rubuga, wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Nakawa nɛ Kampala maɣmaɣ kɛ payaɣna hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ taa egeetiye.
Pɩnaɣ 1894 taa lɛ Kimpala tɛtʊ taa ɛyaa kaakpɛnda kutokiŋ nɛɛlɛ yeke nɛ pɩnaɣ 2011 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊ lɛ ɛyaa kpɛnda 1 659 600. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa wɛ kilomɛtanaa 195 yaa ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 19 500.
Pʊcɔ nɛ Pritaniki mba talɩ Uganda lɛ, peeɖe tɛtʊ wiyaʊ weyi payaɣ se Kabaka yɔ ɛɛlɩza Kampala hɔɔlʊʊ se peeɖe ewoki lakʊ sɔsɔʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ peeɖe namɩŋ ɖɔɔ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ ɛzɩ namɩŋ weyi payaɣ nɛ pɛ-tɛɛ taa se impala yɔ.
Puganda kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ payawaɣ tobi taa se Ka Mpala nɛ pʊtɔbʊʊ se piyaɣ ŋga ka-taa nɛ impalawaa yɔ nɛ yaʊ nɛ nɩʊ taa yem kɛlɛʊ lɛ pɩnɩʊ se kimpala. Payaɣ Kampala egeetiye yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ se John Ssebaana Kizito.


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Minesootaa
Minesootaa kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ.
Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩcɔ ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ nɛ tɩta yɔ ndʊ yɔ: Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Wiskɔnsɛɛ, wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ lɛ Takota nɛ hayu kiŋ nɛ Takota nɛ hadɛ kiŋ, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Iyowa yɔ tɩwɛna, piyele nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Minesoota nɛ Ontaariyo.
Pamaza Minesootaa ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 225 365 km2 nɛ ɖenɖe tɛtʊ ñabɩ wɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ206 375 km2 yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe lɩm ñɛwɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe ñɛwɛʊ ɛzɩ 18 990 km2 yɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 2,6 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛŋna 45 ñɩnɖɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Etazuunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ kpeekpe taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se St Paul nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ 32 ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsʊ Etaazunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 11 nkʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1858. Pɩnaɣ 2010 taa paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 5 303 925 yɔ.
Payaɣ Minesootaa ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ se Mark Dayton (D) piyele nɛ komina ñʊndinaa kɔyɔ: Amy Klobuchar (D) nɛ Tina Smith (D).
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ yɔ aŋgilisi Ɛlɛ siŋŋŋ taa lɛ, komina maɣmaɣ tatɩɩ hada nɔɔ camɩyɛ se aŋgilisi kɛŋna kɩ-kʊnʊŋ.


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http://www.bible.is/KMAWBT/1John/1/D
sábado, 11 de julho de 2015
1 Jɔɔn: KOMA
1 Jɔɔn 11N maaga gbaŋkʊ gie a yɩa nɩ dɩ n dagɩ vuodieke ba wasɩnana Ŋmɩŋ Nʊawɩa dieke dɩ yine vuota miivoli wo wɩa. Die saŋŋa dieke Ŋmɩŋ die dɩ balla ʊ naaŋ dʊnɩa ta Nʊawɩɩrɩ gie wɔŋ beri mɩŋ. Die Wɩɩrɩ gie kenne sʊʊŋ dʊnɩa ma die tɩ wʊmma ka wʊbalɩka ta ye ke aŋaŋ tɩ nine, ta tɩ gbɩka aŋaŋ tɩ nuusi. 2Die miivoli gie die dɩ yuorine die tɩ ye ke mɩŋ, die wɩa tɩ bala ka wɩa a yɩa nɩ yaa gamma miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩkʊ. Miivolike gie die bie wo tɩ Chɔɔŋ Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ ta die tɩ Chɔɔŋ wa die dɩ nagɩ wa a dagɩ tɩ. 3Wudieke die tɩ yene ta wʊŋ wa, kanɩŋ ka gbaŋ gbaŋ tɩ bala a yɩa nɩ, amʊ nɩ gbaŋ nɩ nan gʊtɩ tɩ nʊabalɩmɩŋ lagɩŋkʊ dieke tɩ yalla aŋaŋ tɩ Chɔɔŋ Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ aŋaŋ ʊ Bʊa Yisa Masia wa ma. 4Tɩ maaga dɩ tɩ balɩ nɩ wɩaha gie dama a seŋ yɩa tɩ wa sʊgɩfɩalɩŋ wusie. 5Yisa Masia die balɩ dɩ Ŋmɩŋ yiwo chaanɩŋ ta wo lɩmɩŋ bɩta gbaŋ ʊ ma. Die wɩɩrɩ gbaŋ gbaŋ tɩ bala a yɩa nɩ. 6Dɩɩ yi tɩ baarɩ tɩnɩŋ aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ yaa wa nʊabalɩmɩŋ aŋaŋ taŋ ama ta bie lɩmɩŋ ma, die nɩŋ tɩ chɩba ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ ta tɩ tʊʊma dɩ seŋ daga dɩ tɩ chɩba ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ. 7Ama dɩɩ yi tɩ dɩ chaaŋkʊ sieŋ saŋŋa mana, sɩba Ŋmɩŋ dɩ benne chaanɩŋ ma dene wo, die nɩŋ tɩ yaa nʊabalɩmɩŋ aŋaŋ taŋ, ta ʊ Bʊa Yisa wa zɩmbʊ dɩ chaana tɩ sʊgɩtɩ ma a vʊara bɩaŋ mana. 8Dɩɩ yi tɩ baarɩ dɩ tɩ wo bɩaŋ tɩ gaama tɩ gbaŋ ta ka bala wusie. 9Ama dɩɩ yi tɩ bala tɩ wʊbɩatɩ a yɩa Ŋmɩŋ, tɩ sɩmma a baarɩ wʊnɩŋ ʊ nan dɩ naga tɩ wʊbɩatɩ a chaa tɩ, ta bɩ chaana tɩ sʊgɩtɩ ma a vʊara tɩ wʊbɩatɩ mana dama wʊnɩŋ ʊ yiwo wusietieŋ ta yie wudieke dɩ mʊna. 10Dɩɩ yi tɩ baarɩ dɩ tɩ ka yi bɩaŋ, die nɩŋ tɩ nagɩ wa Ŋmɩŋ a bɩrɩŋ ŋmɩnchɩbɩtieŋ, ta ʊ wɩaha dɩ wo tɩ sʊgɩtɩ ma.
1 Jɔɔn 21N ballɩ, n maaga nɩ wɩaha gie amʊ nɩ kaaŋ yi bɩaŋ, ama dɩɩ yi nɩ wʊnyɩ dɩ yi bɩaŋ, tɩ yaa nɩɩpɔɔnɩgɩrʊ tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ, wʊnɩŋ ʊ yine Yisa Masia vuodieke dɩ yine sʊgɩyɩalɩntieŋ. 2Die ʊ kenne a sʊʊŋ wa, die ʊ tuo wo tɩ kuŋ a kpi, wʊnɩŋ ʊ yine tɩ kaabɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ tɩ tʊntʊmbɩatɩ wɩa, ta ʊ kaabɩkʊ ka yi tɩnɩŋ tɩ nyɩɩna ma wɩa ama ka yiwo tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi mana mana wʊbɩatɩ wɩa. 3Dɩɩ yi tɩ dɩɩ Ŋmɩŋ mɩraha, kanɩŋ ka baa ka dagɩ dɩ tɩ seŋ sɩba wa mɩŋ. 4Dɩɩ yi vuoŋ dɩ baarɩ dɩ “Manɩŋ n sɩba wa mɩŋ”, ama ta ka dɩɩ ʊ mɩraha, wʊnɩŋ vuoke mi yiwo ŋmɩnchɩbɩtieŋ ta wusie dɩ wo ʊ ma. 5Ama vuodieke dɩ dɩna wʊnɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ wʊbalɩkaha, die vuoke senne cho Ŋmɩŋ aŋaŋ wusie. Ta naa bala ka dagɩ dɩ ʊ seŋ yiwo nʊabalɩmɩŋ aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ; 6dɩɩ yi tɩ baarɩ dɩ tɩ yaa wa nʊabalɩmɩŋ aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ die nɩŋ dɩ mʊ tɩ beriŋ sɩmma sɩba Yisa Masia beriŋ die dɩ sɩna die wo. 7N nɩmballɩ, n ka maaga mɩrɩhaalɩŋ a yɩa nɩ, ka yiwo mɩrɩkʊʊrɩ, mɩrɩkʊʊrɩ dieke nɩ wone wʊŋ a yʊasɩ wa, ta mɩrɩkʊʊrɩ yine Yisa wudieke die nɩ wʊnna wa. 8Ama wusie, ka yiwo mɩrɩhaalɩŋ, ta nɩ yese ke wusie chɩaŋ Yisa Masia aŋaŋ nɩ ma, dama lɩmɩŋkʊ tɩaŋ gara mɩŋ ta wusie chaaŋkʊ dɩ wɔŋ chaana. 9Dɩɩ yi vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ balala dɩ ʊ bie wo chaaŋkʊ ma, ama ta haa ʊ nɩmbʊa ye ko bie wo lɩmɩŋkʊ ma. 10Ama vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ chone ʊ nɩmbʊa bie wo chaaŋkʊ ma, ta wɩɩŋ dɩ wo ʊ ma a baaŋ vaa ʊ yi bɩaŋ. 11Ama vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ hana ʊ nɩmbʊa bie wo lɩmɩŋkʊ ma; ʊ chʊŋ wa bʊ ma ta ka sɩba jigidieke ʊ ganana, dama lɩmɩŋkʊ vaa ʊ yɩɩŋ mɩŋ. 12N ballɩ, n maaga a yɩa nɩ dama Ŋmɩŋ wɔŋ nagɩ nɩ wʊbɩatɩ a chaa nɩ mɩŋ Masia saaŋ ma. 13N chʊamba, n maaga a yɩa nɩ dama nɩ wɔŋ a sɩba vuodieke dɩ wone beri a nyɩŋ piiliku me wo mɩŋ. Dalʊaka, n maaga a yɩa nɩ dama nɩ wɔŋ a nyaŋŋɩ Sitaani mɩŋ, wʊbɩatɩtieŋ wo. 14N ballɩ, n maaga a yɩa nɩ dama nɩ sɩba tɩ Chɔɔŋ Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ mɩŋ. N chʊamba, n maaga a yɩa nɩ dama nɩ wɔŋ a sɩba vuodieke dɩ wone beri a nyɩŋ piiliku me wo. Dalʊaka, n maaga yɩa nɩ dama nɩ yaa hagɩrɩŋ ta Ŋmɩŋ wʊbalɩkaha dɩ bie nɩ ma ta nɩ nyaŋŋɩ Sitaani wʊbɩatɩtieŋ wo mɩŋ. 15Nɩ da yaalɩma tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi beriŋ, nɩ da bɩ yaalɩma tɩŋgbaŋka gie nyinti. Dɩɩ yi nɩ yaala tɩŋgbaŋka gie nyinti die nɩŋ nɩ ka cho tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ. 16Vuosi yaa lɔlɩbɩatɩ dɩ ba yi ba gbaŋ gbaŋ dʊŋŋʊ, ta yaa lɔlɩbɩatɩ aŋaŋ jadieke nɩŋ mana ba yesinene, ta bɩ yaa nyʊʊŋ nɩgɩŋ yaa gamma jadieke ba yalla, ama naa mana yiwo tɩŋgbaŋka gie lɔla; a ka nyɩŋ tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ. 17Tɩŋgbaŋka gie aŋaŋ jadieke dɩ benne ka ma ta vuosi dɩ yaala naa nan daansɩ kpatɩ, ama vuodieke dɩ yinene Ŋmɩŋ choti tʊʊma, wʊnɩŋ ʊ balla ʊ daansɩ a bemme yaa gamma haahuu. 18N ballɩ, dʊnɩa kpatɩŋ gbigiye mɩŋ. Ta die ba wɔŋ balɩ nɩ dɩ Masia dataakpeŋkpɩɩka nan keŋ; ta lele Masia dataasɩ pam wɔŋ keŋ mɩŋ, die wɩa tɩ sɩba dɩ dʊnɩa ka kpatɩŋ gbigiye mɩŋ. 19Masia dataasɩ gie die nyɩŋ wa tɩ lagɩŋkʊ ma, ama die ba ka gʊtɩ tɩ ma aŋaŋ wusie. Die ba tɩŋ gʊtɩ tɩ ma tɩnɩŋ aŋaŋ ba tɩŋ nan lagɩŋ a beri; ama ba vaa tɩ mɩŋ, ta a daga dɩ die ba ka gʊtɩ tɩ ma wusie. 20Ama nɩnɩŋ nɩŋ Masia yɩ nɩ Halɩkasɩka mɩŋ, die wɩa nɩ mana dɩ sɩba wusie nyindieke Ŋmɩŋ dɩ yuorine a dagɩ nɩ wa. 21Manɩŋ n ka maaga a yɩa nɩ dɩ nɩ ka sɩba wusieke, ama n maaga a yɩa nɩ dama nɩ wɔŋ sɩba ka mɩŋ ta bɩ sɩba dɩ ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ ka nyɩnna wusie me. 22Mɩnɩa yine ŋmɩnchɩbɩtieŋ wo? Ŋmɩnchɩbɩtieŋ yine vuodieke dɩ balala dɩ Yisa ka yi Ŋmɩŋ Vuovʊarɩkɩrɩ Masia wa. Vuodieke dɩ bala naa wa yine Yisa dataaŋ, ta zeti tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ aŋaŋ Bʊa wa. 23Vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ zeti Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa Masia wa gbaŋ zeti wo Chɔɔŋ wa mɩŋ, ama vuodieke dɩ bala dɩ ʊ yiwo yada dɩ Yisa yine Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa wa, tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ beri aŋaŋ wa. 24Die nɩ wolinne a wʊŋ Yisa wɩaha piiliku me wo nɩ mɩŋŋɩ pɔgɩlɩha. Dɩɩ yi nɩ pɔgɩlɩ wɩaha nɩ nan dɩ beri aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ aŋaŋ ʊ Bʊa wa ma. 25Ta nʊa dieke ʊ yɩna tɩ wa yiwo miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ. 26N maaga nɩ wɩaha gie yaa gamma vuodiekemba dɩ mɩnana dɩ ba gaaŋ nɩ wɩa. 27Ama nɩnɩŋ nɩŋ Masia vaa ʊ Halɩkasɩka dɩ keŋ sʊʊŋ nɩ ma mɩŋ. Dɩɩ yi Halɩkasɩka dɩ wɩarɩ a bie nɩ ma die, nɩ kaaŋ bɩ yaala vuoŋ dɩ ʊ dagɩ nɩ. Dama ʊ Halɩkasɩka daga nɩ jaaŋ mana, ta ʊ dagɩkʊ dɩ yi wusie, daa ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ. Die wɩa nɩ dɩa Halɩkasɩka dagɩŋ ta wɩarɩ Masia ma. 28Die wɩa n ballɩ, nɩ wɩarɩ Yisa ma, amʊ ʊ keŋ keŋ tɩ nan dɩ yaa sikimiŋ ta kaaŋ dii viivi ʊ nɩŋŋa saŋŋa dieke ʊ bala ʊ keŋ wo. 29Nɩnɩŋ nɩ sɩmma dɩ Yisa Masia yiwo sʊgɩyɩalɩntieŋ, die wɩa nɩ sɩmma dɩ vuodiekemba mana dɩ tʊnnana sʊgɩyɩalɩŋ tʊʊma ba gbaŋ ba yiwo Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ.
1 Jɔɔn 31Nɩ ko ye choti dieke tɩ Chɔɔŋ Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ dɩ faasɩna cho tɩ. Ʊ chotiti dɩ faasɩna dala wɩa ʊ wa tɩ ʊ ballɩ, ta tɩ seŋ yi ʊ ballɩ. Ama tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi ka sɩba tɩ yine vuodiekemba dama ba ka sɩba Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ. 2N zʊamba, lele tɩ yiwo Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ, ama dɩ ye ka dagɩ yuori tɩ bala tɩ sɩmma die. Ama wudieke tɩ sɩbɩna wʊnna, dɩ Yisa dɩ yiŋŋi keŋ, tɩ nan dɩ sɩɩ sɩba wʊnɩŋ, dama tɩ nan ye ʊ senne sɩɩ die wo. 3Vuodieke mana dɩ yalla tamaka gie dɩ ʊ nan keŋ sɩɩ sɩba Yisa, mʊ ʊ vʊarɩ wa ʊ gbaŋ a nyɩŋ bɩaŋ ma sɩba Yisa dɩ wone bɩaŋ dene wo. 4Vuodieke mana dɩ yinene bɩaŋ chʊʊsa wa Ŋmɩŋ mɩraha dama bɩaŋ yiile chʊʊsa Ŋmɩŋ mɩraha mɩŋ. 5Nɩ sɩba a baarɩ dɩ Yisa Masia die keŋye mɩŋ tɩŋgbaŋka gie me dɩ ʊ vʊarɩ vuota bɩaŋ, ta bɩaŋ wo ʊ ma. 6Die wɩa vuodieke mana dɩ benne Masia ma ka yie bɩaŋ; ama vuodieke dɩ yinene bɩaŋ ye ka sɩba Yisa dɩ yine vuodieke, ta ka wɔŋ sɩba wa. 7N ballɩ, nɩ da vaa vuoŋ gaaŋ nɩ! Vuodieke mana dɩ yinene wudieke dɩ mʊna yiwo sʊgɩyɩalɩntieŋ sɩba Masia dɩ yine sʊgɩyɩalɩntieŋ die wo. 8Vuodieke mana dɩ yie bɩaŋ bie wo Sitaani nuusi me, dama Sitaani wɔŋ yiwo bɩaŋ a nyɩŋ piiliku me, ama wudieke wɩa Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa die dɩ keŋ yiwo dɩ ʊ chʊʊsɩ Sitaani tʊʊmaha gie. 9Vuodiekemba mana dɩ yine Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ tuo wo ba Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ ta ka yie bɩaŋ. Ba ka bɩagɩ yie bɩaŋ dama ba tuone ba Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ beriŋ wɩa. 10Wudieke dɩ puone Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ aŋaŋ Sitaani ballɩ wʊnna: Vuodieke mana dɩ kana ka yie wudieke dɩ mʊna yaa ka cho ʊ nɩmbʊa ka yi Ŋmɩŋ bʊa. 11Die nɩ wolinne a wʊŋ Yisa wɩaha piiliku me wo yine naa; dɩ tɩ chome taŋ. 12Dɩ ka mʊ tɩ bemme sɩba Keeni die dɩ benne die wo, wʊnɩŋ die ʊ yiwo wʊbɩatɩtieŋ wo Sitaani sɩɩtɩ, ta die kʊʊ ʊ nɩmbʊabiŋ Abeli. Bɩa wɩa die ʊ kʊʊ wa? Die ʊ kʊʊ wa dama ʊ nɩmbʊabike tʊʊma die vɩɩna mɩŋ, ta wʊnɩŋ ʊ tʊʊma dɩ ka vɩɩna. 13Die wɩa n nɩmballɩ, nɩ daa vaa ka yi nɩ mamachi dɩɩ yi tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi dɩ haa nɩ. 14Tɩ chone tamba wa dagɩya dɩ tɩ nyɩŋ kumbu hagɩrɩŋ ma a keŋ miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ ma. Ama vuodieke nɩŋ dɩ wone die choti, wʊnɩŋ ʊ ye bie wo kumbu hagɩrɩŋ ma. 15Vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ hana ʊ nɩmbʊa yiwo vuokʊʊrʊ, ta nɩ sɩba a baarɩ miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ wo vuokʊʊrʊ ma. 16Yisa Masia die dɩ tuone tɩ kuŋ a kpi tɩ wɩa, dagɩna tɩ choti dɩ sɩna dene. Tɩ gbaŋ mʊ tɩ tuo wo tɩ nɩmballɩ kuŋ a kpi. 17Dɩɩ yi vuodieke dɩ yallɩ nyinti a mɔgɩsa ʊ gbaŋ ta tɩala, ama ta ye ʊ nɩmbʊa dɩ wo jaaŋ, ta ʊ baga dɩ wo ʊ ma, Ŋmɩŋ choti wo die vuoke me. 18N ballɩ tɩ chotiti daa bemme tɩ nʊaŋ ma nyɩɩna ma; ama ka yi wusie choti dieke dɩ suŋŋinene vuosi. 19Dɩɩ yi tɩ cho taŋ die nɩŋ tɩ sɩba a baarɩ dɩ tɩ dɩ wa wusie dagɩkʊ, ta tɩ nan dɩ yaa sikimiŋ Ŋmɩŋ nɩŋŋa. 20Dɩɩ yi ta tɩ sʊŋanyile dɩ daga tɩ dɩ tɩ yiwo bɩaŋ, nɩ vaa tɩ tɩɩnsɩ dɩ Ŋmɩŋ tɩaŋ tɩ sʊŋanyile mɩŋ ta bɩ sɩba wɩɩŋ mana. 21N zʊamba, dɩɩ yi tɩ sʊŋanyile dɩ ka dagɩ tɩ dɩ tɩ yi bɩaŋ die nɩŋ tɩ yaa sikimiŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ. 22Dɩɩ yi tɩ dɩa ʊ mɩraha ta yie wudieke dɩ nannana ʊ sʊŋ die bala ka vaa ʊ dɩ yɩa tɩ jadieke mana tɩ jʊʊsɩnana a yaala. 23Naa yine ʊ mɩraha, dɩ tɩ yi ʊ Bʊa Yisa Masia yada ta chome taŋ sɩba Masia dɩ yɩna tɩ nʊarɩ dene wo. 24Vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ dɩna ʊ mɩraha, banɩŋ ba lagɩŋ beri mɩŋ aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ ta Ŋmɩŋ dɩ beri aŋaŋ ba. Jadieke dɩ dagɩna tɩ dɩ Ŋmɩŋ beri aŋaŋ tɩ wa yine ʊ Halɩkasɩka ʊ nagɩna a yɩ tɩ wa.
1 Jɔɔn 41N zʊamba, nɩ da keŋ yi vuodiekemba mana dɩ balala dɩ ba yaa Ŋmɩŋ Halɩkasɩka wɩa yada, ama nɩ magɩsɩ ba a ye dɩ ba haalɩtɩtɩ nyɩŋ wa Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ yaa. Dama ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ naazʊalɩba pam, vuodiekemba dɩ gaanana vuosi wɔŋ keŋ mɩŋ a dɩ dɩa vuosi jige. 2Wudieke dɩ balla ka vaa nɩ sɩmma dɩ dɩ yiwo Ŋmɩŋ Haalɩŋ wʊnna: vuodieke mana dɩ balala dɩ die ba mɩɩrɩ wa Yisa Masia ta ʊ yi vuota, wʊnɩŋ ʊ yalla Haalɩ dieke dɩ nyɩna Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ. 3Ama vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ chiisinene wɩɩrɩ gie yaa gamma Yisa ma wa wo Haalɩ dieke dɩ nyɩna Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ. Haalɩbʊ gie nyɩŋ wa Masia dataakpeŋkpɩɩka, Sitaani jigiŋ; die ba wɔŋ balɩ nɩ dɩ Masia dataakpeŋkpɩɩka nan keŋ, ta lele ʊ wɔŋ keŋ tɩŋgbaŋka gie me mɩŋ. 4N ballɩ, nɩnɩŋ nɩ yiwo Ŋmɩŋ sɩɩtɩ, ta Ŋmɩŋ Halɩkasɩka dɩ bie nɩ ma ta yaa hagɩrɩŋ a tɩaŋ haalɩ dieke dɩ benne tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi me. Die yine nɩ nyaŋŋa ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ naazʊalɩba. 5Banɩŋ ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ naazʊalɩba gie yiwo tɩŋgbaŋka gie sɩɩtɩ, die wɩa ba bala tɩŋgbaŋka gie nyinti wɩa ta tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi dɩ wʊmma ba. 6Ama tɩnɩŋ nɩŋ tɩ yiwo Ŋmɩŋ sɩɩtɩ. Ta vuodieke mana dɩ sɩbɩna Ŋmɩŋ dɩ wʊmma a yɩa tɩ. Ama vuodiekemba dɩ kana ka yi Ŋmɩŋ sɩɩtɩ ka wʊmma a yɩa tɩ. Naa balla ka vaa tɩ sɩmma vuodieke dɩ yalla Ŋmɩŋ Halɩkasɩka a daga wusie dagɩkʊ aŋaŋ vuodieke dɩ yalla Sitaani haalɩbʊ dieke dɩ dagɩnana ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ dagɩkʊ. 7N zʊamba, nɩ vaa tɩ chome taŋ dama choti nyɩŋ wa Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ, ta vuodieke mana dɩ chone vuosi yiwo Ŋmɩŋ bʊa ta bɩ sɩba wa. 8Ŋmɩŋ yiwo chotitieŋ, ta vuodieke mana dɩ wone choti ka sɩba wa. 9Naa Ŋmɩŋ die dɩ dagɩ tɩ ʊ choti: die ʊ vaa wa ʊ Bʊadembi balɩŋka dɩ keŋ sʊʊŋ tɩŋgbaŋka gie me dɩ tɩ ye miivoli ʊ wɩa. 10Choti dieke dɩ senne yi choti aŋaŋ wusie wʊnna, ka ka yi dɩ tɩnɩŋ die tɩ faasɩna cho Ŋmɩŋ, ama Ŋmɩŋ die faasɩna cho tɩ ta die vaa ʊ Bʊadembiŋ dɩ keŋ sʊʊŋ tɩŋgbaŋka gie me a tuo tɩ kuŋ a kpi ta die bɩrɩŋ kaabɩŋ wʊnɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ dɩ tɩ ye tɩ wʊbɩatɩ naachaala. 11N zʊamba, dɩɩ yi Ŋmɩŋ dɩ cho tɩ naa, die nɩŋ dɩ yiwo talasɩ dɩ tɩ chome taŋ. 12Vuoŋ wori a yeye Ŋmɩŋ aŋaŋ ʊ nine, ama tɩ cho taŋ, Ŋmɩŋ nan dɩ bie tɩ jigiŋ saŋŋa mana ta tɩ nan dɩ yallɩ choti dieke ʊ yɩna tɩ wa aŋaŋ wusie. 13Ŋmɩŋ yɩ tɩ ʊ Halɩkasɩka mɩŋ die wɩa tɩ sɩba a baarɩ dɩ tɩnɩŋ tɩ taasɩ aŋaŋ wa ta ʊ bie tɩ ma. 14Tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ die tʊŋ wa ʊ Bʊadembiŋ dɩ ʊ keŋ yi tɩŋgbaŋka gie vuosi gbɩgbatɩtaantʊ. Die tɩ ye ʊ Bʊa wa mɩŋ, ta lele tɩ wa bala ʊ wɩa a yɩa vuosi. 15Vuodieke dɩ balala dɩ ʊ yi yada dɩ Yisa yiwo Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa, wʊnɩŋ ʊ yine vuodieke Ŋmɩŋ dɩ benne ʊ ma ta ʊ dɩaŋ ʊ taasɩ aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ. 16Ta tɩ gbaŋ gbaŋ tɩ sɩba Ŋmɩŋ dɩ chone tɩ die, ta bɩ yi yada dɩ ʊ seŋ cho tɩ mɩŋ. Ŋmɩŋ yiwo chotitieŋ ta vuodieke mana dɩ chone vuosi saŋŋa mana taasɩ wa aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ, ta Ŋmɩŋ dɩaŋ dɩ bie ʊ ma. 17Dɩɩ yi tɩ seŋ cho tɩ chanchaalɩŋ aŋaŋ wusie ta tɩ beriŋ dɩ sɩɩ sɩba Masia die dɩ benne die tɩŋgbaŋka gie me wo, die nɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ sarɩya diile daarɩ dɩ keŋ tʊgɩ tɩ kaaŋ dɩ chɩga ŋmaamɩŋ. 18Tɩ yaa choti aŋaŋ vuosi, ŋmaamɩŋ kaaŋ dɩ beri. Dɩɩ yi choti dɩ faasɩ beri aŋaŋ wusie, ŋmaamɩŋ kaaŋ ye sieŋ a bemme tɩ ma, dama tɩbɩdatɩŋ wɩa tɩ ŋaaŋ chɩga ŋmaamɩŋ. Dɩɩ yi vuoŋ dɩ yaa ŋmaamɩŋ, die nɩŋ ʊ ka cho vuosi aŋaŋ wusie. 19Tɩ yaa choti aŋaŋ vuosi dama Ŋmɩŋ die wolinne a cho tɩ. 20Dɩɩ yi vuoŋ dɩ baarɩ dɩ, “Manɩŋ n cho Ŋmɩŋ mɩŋ”, ama ta haa ʊ nɩmbʊa nɩŋ, wʊnɩŋ vuoke mi yiwo ŋmɩnchɩbɩtieŋ. Dama ʊ kaaŋ bɩagɩ a cho Ŋmɩŋ vuodieke ʊ kana ka yese aŋaŋ ʊ nine, dɩɩ yi ʊ ka cho ʊ nɩmbʊa dieke ʊ yesinene aŋaŋ ʊ nine. 21Nʊarɩ gie Yisa Masia dɩ yɩ tɩ, dɩ vuodieke mana dɩ chone Ŋmɩŋ, chome ʊ nɩmbʊa gbaŋ.
1 Jɔɔn 51Vuodieke mana dɩ yine yada dɩ Yisa yiwo Ŋmɩŋ Vuovʊarɩkɩrɩ Masia wa wʊnɩŋ vuoke yiwo Ŋmɩŋ bʊa. Ta vuodieke nɩŋ dɩ chone chɔɔŋ wa nan dɩ cho ʊ bʊa gbaŋ. 2Dɩɩ yi tɩ cho Ŋmɩŋ ta yie wudieke ʊ mɩraha dɩ dagɩna tɩ wa, die balla ka vaa tɩ sɩmma dɩ tɩ cho ʊ ballɩ mɩŋ. 3Dɩɩ yi tɩ seŋ cho Ŋmɩŋ tɩ nan dɩdɩ ʊ mɩraha, ʊ mɩraha dɩɩsɩŋ ka tʊa. 4Ŋmɩŋ bʊa mana nan bɩagɩ a nyaŋŋɩ tɩŋgbaŋka gie magɩsɩŋ, ta tɩ yine Yisa Masia yada wa yɩnana tɩ hagɩrɩŋ tɩ bɩagɩ nyaŋŋa die. 5Mɩnɩa baaŋ bɩagɩ nyaŋŋɩ tɩŋgbaŋka gie magɩsɩŋ? Sie vuodieke nyɩɩna dɩ yine yada dɩ Yisa yiwo Ŋmɩŋ Bʊadembiŋ. 6Die dɩ yiwo wʊnɩŋ Yisa Masia die nyɩna arɩzanna ma a keŋ tɩŋgbaŋka gie me ta ka kʊaŋ chaaŋ Jɔɔn die dɩ sɩɩ wa Ŋmɩŋ nyaaŋ, ta ka kʊaŋ chaaŋ ʊ kpi ta ʊ zɩŋ dɩ nyɩŋ. Dɩ ka yi wusie dɩ wudieke nyɩɩna ma die dɩ yine wo yiwo dɩ Jɔɔn die sɩɩ wa Ŋmɩŋ nyaaŋ ama die ʊ kpiye mɩŋ ta ʊ zɩŋ dɩ nyɩŋ. Ta Ŋmɩŋ Halɩkasɩka dɩ yi daansɩatieŋ, dama Halɩkasɩka yine wusietieŋ. 7Vuodiekemba dɩ yine daansɩatieliŋ yiwo ba bataa: 8banɩŋ ba yine Ŋmɩŋ Halɩkasɩka aŋaŋ nyaabʊ aŋaŋ zɩmbʊ, ba bataa wa gie yiwo nʊabalɩmɩŋ. 9Tɩ yie vuota siaria yada mɩŋ, ama Ŋmɩŋ siara faasɩ yaa hagɩrɩŋ, ta wʊnɩŋ ʊ yɩna siara wa gie yaa gamma ʊ Bʊa wa ma. 10Die wɩa vuodieke mana dɩ yine Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa wa yada yalla Ŋmɩŋ siaraka gie ʊ sʊŋ ma, ama vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ kana ka yi Ŋmɩŋ siaraka gie yada, wʊnɩŋ ʊ nagɩ wa Ŋmɩŋ a bɩrɩŋ ŋmɩnchɩbɩtieŋ, dama ʊ ka yi yada dɩ siara dieke Ŋmɩŋ dɩ yɩna yaa gamma ʊ Bʊa wa ma yiwo wusie. 11Ŋmɩŋ siaraka yiwo naa: Ŋmɩŋ yɩ tɩ wa miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ, ta miivolike gie nyɩŋ wa ʊ Bʊa wa jigiŋ. 12Vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ taasɩna aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa wa yaa miivolike gie mɩŋ; ama vuodieke nɩŋ mana dɩ kana ka taasɩ aŋaŋ Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa wa wo kanɩŋ miivoli mi. 13N maaga gbaŋkʊ gie a yɩa nɩnɩŋ vuodiekemba dɩ yine Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa wa yada wa, dama n yaala nɩ sɩmma dɩ nɩ yaa miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ mɩŋ. 14Die wɩa tɩ ka chɩga ŋmaamɩŋ saŋŋa dieke tɩ keŋ jʊʊsa Ŋmɩŋ dama ʊ wʊmma a yɩa tɩ dɩɩ yi tɩ jʊʊsa a yaala jadieke dɩ yine ʊ sʊgɩnanɩŋ. 15Dɩɩ yi tɩ sɩba a baarɩ dɩ Ŋmɩŋ wʊmma tɩ mɩŋ saŋŋa dieke tɩ keŋ jʊʊsa wa, die nɩŋ tɩ sɩba a baarɩ dɩ ʊ wɔŋ tuo tɩ jʊʊsɩŋ mɩŋ. 16Dɩɩ yi vuoŋ dɩ ye ʊ nɩmbʊa dɩ yinene bɩa dieke dɩ kana kaaŋ puo wo a nyɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ, ʊ jʊʊsɩ Ŋmɩŋ a yɩ wa aŋ Ŋmɩŋ vaa ʊ wʊbɩatɩ a chaa wa ta yɩ wa miivoli, dama ʊ naga chaa vuodieke tʊmbɩatɩ dɩ kana kaaŋ puo wo a nyɩna ʊ jigiŋ. Ama tʊmbɩatɩ ataŋ beri a bɩagɩ puo vuoŋ a nyɩna Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ, n ka bala dɩ nɩ jʊʊsɩma Ŋmɩŋ a yɩma vuodiekemba dɩ yinene hanɩŋ bɩabʊ mi. 17Tʊŋ dieke mana dɩ kana ka vɩɩna yiwo bɩaŋ, ama tʊmbɩatɩ ataŋ beri a ka puo vuoŋ a nyɩna Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ. 18Tɩ sɩba a baarɩ vuodiekemba nɩŋ mana dɩ yine Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ ka yie bɩaŋ saŋŋa mana dama Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa wa gbarɩ ba mɩŋ ta tʊntʊmbɩatɩtieŋ, Sitaani dɩ kaaŋ bɩagɩ a yi be wɩɩŋ. 19Tɩnɩŋ tɩ sɩba a baarɩ tɩ yiwo Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ ama vuodiekemba nɩŋ mana dɩ kana ka yi Ŋmɩŋ ballɩ bie wo Sitaani nuusi me. 20Tɩ sɩba a baarɩ Ŋmɩŋ Bʊa dembike Yisa wa die keŋ wo tɩŋgbaŋka gie me a yɩ tɩ yɩaŋ dɩ tɩ sɩmma wusie Ŋmɩnnɩ. Tɩ wana taasɩ aŋaŋ Yisa wa wɩa, die vana tɩ taasɩ aŋaŋ wusie Ŋmɩnnɩ, wʊnɩŋ ʊ yine vuodieke dɩ yɩnana miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ. 21N ballɩ, nɩ vʊarɩ nɩ gbaŋ a nyɩŋ bugile me.
http://www.bible.is/KMAWBT/1John/1/D
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Siini
Siini ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Aazii nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ tɛtʋ taa. Toovenim lɛ, kewiisi naalɛ kpɛndɩna nɛ pɩkɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ. Nzɩɩ yɔ : "République populaire de Chine" nɛ "République de Chine". Yee pɛtɛyɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɔm mɩnʋʋ yɔ, "République populaire de Chine" cɔŋnana 99,6 hɔɔlʋʋ yɔɔ. Piyele "République de Chine" n̄ɔcɔŋnana Tayiwanɩ tɛtʋ yɔɔ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ walaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ, ɖɩkpaɣna Pasifiki teŋgu, Pamiiri nɛ Tiyanɩ Saanɩ pɔ-hɔɔlʋʋ taa nɛ Gobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ, Himalaya pʊŋ nɛ "péninsule indochinoise" pɔ-hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Kɩwala peeɖe kilimɛtanaa 9 677 009 nabʋlɛ taa. Pɩnaɣ 2010 taa lɛ, Siini samaɣ kɛcɛzɩ 1 350 miiliyɔɔ yɔɔ ("République populaire de Chine" ɖeke samaɣ cɛzɩ 1 330 miiliyɔɔ yɔɔ nɛ "République de Chine". samaɣ n̄ɛcɛzɩ 20 miiliyɔɔ yɔɔ). Kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ. Pɛtɛyɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ ɛyaa tɔm kagbaanzɩ taa yɔ, pɩsakɩɣ pazɩ se Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa ɛkɛ hɔɔlʋʋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa 139,5 caɣ kilimɛta kʋɖʋmʋʋ tɔm naalɛ taa yɔɔ.
N̄ɩnʋʋ lɛɣtʋ nɛ nesi tɛɛ tʋma labʋ pa-nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ kɩlɩna ɖɛʋ ɛsɩndaa. Ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩn̄ɩnɩna nɛ ɖɩlɩzɩ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ ɛyʋ ɛwɛ ɖoli, kɩ-ɛjɔʋ wɩlɩ-ɩ hayi kiŋ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ sɩ-ɖʋɖʋyɛ pɔ-hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa yɔ, ŋgʋʋ payaɣ se, buusɔɔlɩ. Ńɖɩ labɩna takayɩhayʋʋ, ńɖɩ lɩzɩna liidiye hatʋ, ńɖɩ labɩna tɔɔnaɣ ŋga payaɣ se "tɔɔnasɩ mʋtʋ" yaa "poudre à canon" yɔ. Ɛsɔ tɛɛ luŋuu nɛ kʋnʋmɩŋ taa tasʋʋ pa-nʋmɔʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ lɛɣzɩ Aasii nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ tɛtʋ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ.
Kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩna, Siini ɛjaɖɛ wɛ ajɛɛ sɔsɔna wena a-sɔnzɩ kɛwɛ ɖooo lɔŋ nɛ aɖɔkɩ sɔnzɩ ńzɩ kpam halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ. Ɖɩ-sɔnzɩ wɛʋ yɔ, pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ kudokiŋ kagbaanzɩ yɔ. Huang He kajalaŋa taa Siini sɔnzɩ n̄ɔwa. Peeye sɩkpaɣnaa nɛ sitiinɛ hadɛ kiŋ (pan̄ɩnaɣ mʋʋ Yangzi Jiang tɛtʋ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ Han kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa), sɩɖɛ ḿbʋ nɛ siwolo wɩsɩ ɖʋɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa, pan̄ɩnaɣ mʋʋ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe Aazii hɛkʋ taa hɔɔlɩŋ nɛ puwolo pɩtalɩ Teŋgu Kasɩpɩyɛɛnɩ. Pan̄ɩnaɣ mʋʋ ɖɔɖɔ Xinjiang nɛ Tibet. Sɩɖɛwa sɩkpa haŋ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa, Qing kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa. Ɛyɔɔdaɣ Mandchoue kʋnʋŋ. Ɛnʋ mʋna Mandchourie nɛ Mongolie pɛ-tɛtʋ nɛ tɩpɩsɩ Siini n̄ɩndʋ.
Ɛyʋ ɛcɔna Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɔm taa kɔyɔ, ɛnaɣ se, yoŋ kɛwɛ tam nɛ ɛpaŋ-ɖɩ cɩyʋʋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɖɩɖaɣnɩɣ kpɛndʋʋ kʋɖʋm. Tam nabʋlɛ taa agɔma nabɛyɛ mʋ Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋɛ mpilim. Mongols waa kɛlɛɣna-ɖɩ mʋʋ nɛ paba wayɩ lɛ, Mandchous waa. Ɛlɛ, wayɩ wayɩ n̄ɩma panɛ pɔkɔma palakɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa sɔnzɩ nɛ patɩŋɩɣna paba lɛɣtʋ nɛ pɔ-lɔŋsɩnɖɛ pɔ-yɔɔ nɛ peɖiyiɣ ɛjaɖɛ. Qing liɖe taa n̄ɩma tɔɣna wayɩ wayɩ kewiyaɣ. Pɔyɔɔdaɣ mandchoue kʋnʋŋ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1644 taa pɔtɔɣ kewiyaɣ ŋ́ga. Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ hayi kiŋ ajɛɛ n̄ɩnaɣ se amʋ kedeŋa yɔɔ tɛtʋ lɛɛtʋ nɛ ɖoŋ nɛ tadɩyɛ you kɔɔ kɩlɩɩ yɔ, Siini tuzi Qing liɖe taa n̄ɩma kewiyaɣ nɛ kɔtɔlɩ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ wabʋ Japɔŋ sɔɔjanaa you sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩɩlɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe pɩnaɣ 1945 yɔ, ajɛɛ lɛɛna tatasɩ ɖʋʋ nɔɔ pɔ-tɔm taa.
Politiiki nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, sɔnɔ kewiisi naalɛ ɖɔkɩna Siini ɛjaɖɛ. Nzɩɩ yɔ : "République populaire de Chine", nɖɩɩ payaɣ se, Siini ɛjaɖɛ. Ɛyaa mɩnʋʋ yɔɔ lɛ, ɖɩ-ɛyaa kpɛndɩ ɛyaa 98 nɛ pɛtɛyɩ Siini tɛtʋ tɔm mɩnʋʋ yɔ, ɖɩkpa 99,6 hɔɔlʋʋ tɩŋa. Ɖiyiyu Mao Zedong ɖʋna-ɖɩ pɩnaɣ 1949, Pékin tɛtʋ taa. Ɖiyiyu ɛnʋ, ɛ-lɩmaɣza kɛkɛ se, ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩm ɛkɛ paa weyi ɛ-n̄ɩm. "Chine continentale" nɛ Hɔŋ Kɔŋ nɛ "Macao" pɛkpɛndɩna nɛ pɩkɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1978 kɛ lɛɣzɩtʋ ndɩ ndɩ lɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. "Deng Xiaoping" nɛ ɛ-wayɩ n̄ɩma pɔkɔŋna lɛɣzɩtʋ ńdʋ. "PetroChina" pɩsɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔsʋʋ nɛ liidiye kpou.
Piyele nɛ "République de Chine", ŋgʋʋ payaɣ se, Tayiwanɩ; kʋkʋ ɛyaa kɛɣ naalɛ ɖeke koŋ Siini ɛjaɖɛ ɛyaa mɩnʋʋ yɔɔ nɛ pɛtɛyɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɔm mɩnʋʋ yɔ, kɩkpakɩɣ 0,4 hɔɔlaɣ. N̄ʋʋdʋ "Tchang Kaï" ɖiyiɣna Tayiwanɩ kewiyaɣ ɖooo pɩnzɩ sakɩyɛ yɔ. Nɛ ɖooo Siini ɛjaɖɛ wabʋ Saapɔɔ sɔɔjanaa yɔ, Tayiwanɩ tɛtʋ yɔɔ ɛcaɣa. "Sun Yat-sen ɖʋna kajalaɣ "République de Chine" "Pékin" tɛtʋ taa, pɩnaɣ 1912 n̄ɩŋa taa alɩwaatʋ ndʋ Qing kewiyaɣ tɔlaa yɔ.


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Reich naatozo ŋgʊ (Troisième Reich)
Reich naatozo tɛ ŋgʊ, pɩkɛ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩwɩlɩɣ se pɩkɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ Adolph Hitler ɖɩyaɣ yɔ kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1933 ŋtalɩ 1945 taa yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtakizi paɣtʊ mbʊ pɩnaɣ 1933 alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, tɔmpiye Reich wɛɛ mbʊ nɛ ɖɩkɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ hɩɖɛ, kɛ kewiyaɣ nɛ politiki takayasɩ kpeekpe taa nzɩ Caama ɛjaɖɛ ma pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1945 taa yɔ. Paa ɖoye, kpaɣna tɩyɔɔ wɛʊ takayaɣ pɩnaɣ 1943, tɔmpiye Grossdeutsches Reich sakɩyɛ kewiyaɣ ŋga ka-taa kaakɩlɩ sɔɔlʊʊ.
Adolf Hitler kaakɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɛ samaɣ yɔɔ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tʊma laɖaa ŋgbɛɣɛ nʊʊ tʊ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei Caama kʊnʊŋ taa kɛlɛ, ɖɔɖɔ payaɣ se NSDAP). Tɔmpiye ɛjaɖɛ nɛ samaɣ yɔɔ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kɛ kɛlɛʊ taa Hitler nɛ e-kewiyaɣ tɛ politiki lɩmaɣza wena palaba yɔ nɛ peɖiyuu nɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ. Palɩzɩ ɛ-hɩɖɛ ɛ-lɩmaɣza takayaɣ taa nɛ pɩpɩ ŋgbɛɣɛ hɩɖɛ.
Pɩtɛ kewiyaɣ ŋga kaɖala katalɩ pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ naalɛ, kpaɣna Hitler ɛzɩ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ ñʊʊ tʊ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 30 pɩnaɣ 1933 alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pagba Reich agoza fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 1945 taa, pʊwayɩ lɛ, pagba Karl Dönitz kewiyaɣ kpaagba ŋga.
Fʊlɩsɩ Ɛjaɖɛ nɛ kpaŋgɩyɛ kewiyaɣ, nɛ kɛtɛ kɛkɛ cɛjɛyɛ kewiyaɣ yeke koŋ mbʊ lɛ, Adolf Hitler ɖiyaɣna-kɛ, natozo kewiyaɣ ŋga ɖɩyaɣ se Reich natozo ŋgʊ, ŋgʊ tɩna kedeŋga kpeekpe you naalɛ ŋgʊ Erɔpʊ ɛjaɖɛ taa, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa pʊkɔna yoŋ sɔsɔŋ nɛ kɩdɛkɛdɩm sakɩyɛ, Yuda ɛyaa ɖɩzɩtʊ (soowa) nɛ Tsigane waa Erɔpʊ taa. Pakʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ kalakasɩ yaa ɛyaa ajama.
Sɔndʊʊ kpaɣ ɖoŋ nɛ pɩkaɣ. Kpɩtaŋ naalɛ wayi lɛ, Göring yele nɛ pakpa kpɛnɖɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɩnaa tɛ ɛyaa 10000. Ɛyaa padaa peeɖe lɛ, Ernest Thälmann, KPD ñʊʊ tʊ lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ naatozo ŋgʊ wiye. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, salaka tɩna talɩ ɛyaa 30000. Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1933 nɛ 1939 hɛkʊ taa mbʊ yɔ patalɩ ɛyaa 150000 ŋtalɩ 200000 salaka kuduyuŋ taa. Pakʊ ɛyaa ɛzɩ 7000 nɛ 9000 mbʊ yɔ. Ɛyaa sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ seɣ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa.


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Fɔlɩka Pɔɔ
Fɔlɩka, yɔɔdɔɣ taa lɛ, pɩlɩɣ se vɔl.ga, Ruusi taa lɛ, Boлra nɛ tatar taa lɛ, Idel kɛ lɩm pɔɔ sɔsɔ Eerɔpʊ taa. Kɛnɛ kɛ-tɛ pɔsɩ kɩkpɛndasɩ lɛ, kenidiɣ hɔɔlɩŋ niidozo yɔ lɛ hɔɔlʊʊ kʊyʊmʊʊ mbilim Ruusi Erɔpʊ ŋgʊ. Fɔlɩka lɩna Falɩdayi piiyisi nzɩ sɩ-tɛ kʊyʊ maɣna mɛta wa 228 Mɔsɩkʋʋ nɛ Saint- Pétersbourg pɔcɔ kɛkpɛndɩ Kasɩpɩyɛnɩ teŋguu taa. Ka-nʊmɔʊ ɖala ɛzɩ kilomɛta waa 3690. Papɩzɩɣ pasaɣ mɛlɛnaa pɔɔ ŋga kaɖalakɩŋ kpeekpe yɔ pɩtɩŋna ñɔzɩtʊ ndʊ palaba sakɩyɛ kpaɣdʊ nɛɛlɛ alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ.
Fɔlɩka fɛʊʊ kitibuu walanzɩ kɛ kilomɛta 1350000 kpɛɛ ko, nɛ kɩkpeelɩɣ ɛyaa ndɩ ndɩ. Fɔlɩka kɛdɛŋga wɛ tʊma sɔsɔnaa sakɩyɛ kpaɣ kedeŋga kpeekpe you alɩwaatʊ taa Ruusi ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Fɔlɩka lɩna Falɩdayi piyisi taa nɛ Mɔsɩku nɛ hayi yɔ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ ɛzɩ kilomɛta waa 320 nɛ Saint-Pétersbourg nɛ haɖɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ. Kɛɖɛnɛ piyisi nzɩ sɩyɔ lɛ, katalɩ Rjev nɛ kɛɖɛnɛ hayi wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ. Peeɖe lɛ, mɛlɛnaa cɩkpema kpakʊʊ kɩyakʊ wondu nɛ pɛyɛlɩna. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, kenidiɣ Tver (Kalinine kɩbɩnʊʊ) ŋgʊ kɩlɩ pɩnaɣ 1135 nɛ kɩwɛ habɩyɛ ndɩ ɖɩtamsɩna Mɔsɩku nɛ Saint-Pétersboug yɔ. Ɖooo lɔnda Krɛsɩ kɛsɩma Fɔlɩka pɔɔ nɛ payaɣ-kɛ se Rha. Ruusi cɩmɩŋ aleeya taal lɛ pasɩma Fɔlɩka nɛ hɩɖɛ ɖɩnɛ yɔ, Fɔlɩka Ɖoyo pɩlɩna kɛ-tɛ yuŋ yɔ. Kaakɛ ɖooo kpaɖɩŋ sakɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ taa Ruusi wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kamaɣ.
Fɔlɩka fɛʊʊ wɛna tɛtɛ ñɩm ɛzɩ kanwa nɛ ɖɔm. Fɔlɩka handala fɛʊʊ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Kasɩpɩyɛnɩ teŋguu nɔsɩ yɔ kpɛɛ wɛ ñɩm kpakpasɩ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Lɔɔŋ kuhuyuŋ sakɩyɛ kpaɣ Mɔsɩku nɛ Don Fɔlɩka nɛ mɛlɛ nɔmɔʊ Fɔlɩka Pasalɩtɩkɩ tamsʊʊ Mɔsɩku nɛ teŋguu kʊhʊlʊmʊ nɛ Pasalɩtɩkɩ teŋguu nɛ Azov teŋgu nɛ Kasɩpɩyɛnɩ teŋgu nɛ teŋguu kɩkpɛdʊʊ. Pɩtɛ tamsʊʊ mbʊ pɩlina Fɔlɩka ngʊ kɩkɛ ñʊʊ yɔ pɩsɩna teŋguu naa kɩgbanzɩ tɛ wɛtʊ.
Kedeŋga kpeekpe you wayi lɛ, palɩzɩ kpeuu taa lɩmazɩyɛ ndɩ lɛ, ñɔzʊʊ lɩmazɩyɛ pɩnaɣ 1920 nɛ papazɩɣ-ɖɩ labʊ. Pɩlɩna nɛ pʊyɔ nɛ pama lɩm kɩkam kodoloko waa ɛzɩ hiu mbʊ yɔ Fɔlɩka pɔɔ yɔ nɛ kɛ-tɛ pɔsɩ kɩkpɛdasɩ yɔ Kama nɛ Oufa nɛ pɩpɩsɩ kujomɩŋ sɔsɔŋ weyi paɖɩ-ɩ yɔ. Pɩkpeekpe pɩpɩsɩ lɩm ɖɩvalɩyɛ mbʊ payaɣ se Fɔlɩka-kama yɔ.


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1Yesu Krɩstʋ weyi ɛ-cɔzɔ lɛ Daaviidi nɛ ɛ́lɛ́ cɔzɔ lɛ Abraham yɔ, ɛ-cɔzɔnaa hɩla yɔ: 2Abraham lʋlɩ Izaakɩ, Izaakɩ ñalʋlɩ Yakɔɔbʋ, Yakɔɔbʋ ñalʋlɩ Yuda nɛ ɛ-ɖalaa nɛ e-newaa. 3Yuda ñalʋlɩ Faarɛɛzɩ nɛ Zaaraa. Payaɣ po-ɖoo se Tamaarɩ. Faarɛɛzɩ ñalʋlɩ Ɛsrɔm, Ɛsrɔm ñalʋlɩ Aram, 4Aram ñalʋlɩ Aminaadaabɩ, Aminaadaabɩ ñalʋlɩ Naasɔɔnɩ, Naasɔɔnɩ ñalʋlɩ Salɩmɔɔ, 5Salɩmɔɔ ñalʋlɩ Boozi. Payaɣ Boozi ɛnʋ e-ɖoo se Rahaabɩ. Boozi ñalʋlɩ Obɛɛdɩ. Payaɣ ɛ́lɛ́ ɖoo se Ruti. Obɛɛdɩ ñalʋlɩ Yesee 6nɛ Yesee ñalʋlɩ wiyaʋ sɔsɔ Daaviidi. Daaviidi ñalʋlɩ Salomɔɔ. Salomɔɔ ɛnʋ e-ɖoo kɛkɛ sɔɔja Urii halʋ. 7Salomɔɔ ñalʋlɩ Roboam, Roboam ñalʋlɩ Abiya, Abiya ñalʋlɩ Asafʋ, 8Asafʋ ñalʋlɩ Yozafatɩ, Yozafatɩ ñalʋlɩ Yoram, Yoram ñalʋlɩ Oziyaasɩ, 9Oziyaasɩ ñalʋlɩ Yoatam, Yoatam ñalʋlɩ Ahazɩ, Ahazɩ ñalʋlɩ Ezekiyasɩ, 10Ezekiyasɩ ñalʋlɩ Manaasee, Manaasee ñalʋlɩ Amɔɔnɩ, Amɔɔnɩ ñalʋlɩ Yoziyaasɩ, 11Yoziyaasɩ ñalʋlɩ Yekooniyaasɩ nɛ e-newaa. Alɩwaatʋ ńdʋ́ tɩ-taa pɛkɛzɩ Izrɛɛlɩ ñɩma tɛtʋ Babilooni. 12Pʋbʋ wayɩ Yekooniyaasɩ ñalʋlɩ Salaatɩyɛlɩ, Salaatɩyɛlɩ ñalʋlɩ Zorobaabɛɛlɩ, 13Zorobaabɛɛlɩ ñalʋlɩ Abiyudi, Abiyudi ñalʋlɩ Eliyaakim, Eliyaakim ñalʋlɩ Azɔɔrɩ, 14Azɔɔrɩ ñalʋlɩ Sadɔɔkɩ, Sadɔɔkɩ ñalʋlɩ Akim, Akim ñalʋlɩ Eliyudi 15Eliyudi ñalʋlɩ Eleyazaarɩ, Eleyazaarɩ ñalʋlɩ Maataɣ, Maataɣ ñalʋlɩ Yakɔɔbʋ 16nɛ Yakɔɔbʋ ñalʋlɩ Yozɛɛfʋ nɛ ɛ́lɛ́ kpaɣ Maarɩɩ. Maarɩɩ ɛnʋ ɛlʋlɩnɩ Yesu weyi payaɣ se Krɩstʋ yɔ, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Weyi Ɛsɔ Lɩzaa Yɔ. 17Yee ḿbʋ́, pɩkpaɣʋnɩ Abraham nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩnɩ Daaviidi yɔ, cɔzɔnaa wɛ hiu nɛ naanza. Pɩkpaɣʋnɩ Daaviidi alɩwaatʋ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩnɩ ndʋ́ tɩ-taa pɛkɛzɩ Izrɛɛlɩ ñɩma tɛtʋ Babilooni yɔ, paba ñɛwɛ hiu nɛ naanza ɖɔɖɔ. Pɩkpaɣʋnɩ alɩwaatʋ ńdʋ́ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩnɩ Krɩstʋ yɔ, cɔzɔnaa wɛ hiu nɛ naanza ɖɔɖɔ. 18Ɩna ɛzɩma pɩtɩŋaa nɛ palʋlɩ Yesu Krɩstʋ yɔ. Maarɩɩ weyi ɛlʋlɩ-ɩ yɔ, ɛɛkɛ pɛlɛ weyi posu Yozɛɛfʋ yɔ. Ɛ nɛ ɩ pataacaɣ wiɖiyi. Ɛlɛ́, Maarɩɩ haɣ howa nɛ Fezuu Kiɖeɖeu ɖoŋ. 19Yozɛɛfʋ ɛnʋ, ɛkɛ ɛyʋ kʋtʋʋzʋ. Ḿbʋ́ yebina nɛ ɛna-ɩ ḿbʋ́ lɛ, ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ se ɛɖʋ-ɩ fɛyɛ ɛyáa hɛkʋ taa. Ɛlɛ́, ɛɖʋ se ekiziɣ-i mɛsaɣ tɛɛ. 20Ɛwɛɛ ɛmaɣzɩɣ ḿbʋ́ lɛ, Kɩpaɣlʋ tiyiyu nɔɔyʋ lɩɩ ɛ-yɔɔ ɖoziye taa nɛ eheyi-i se: «Daaviidi sayɩ Yozɛɛfʋ! Sɔɔndʋ ɛtaakpa-ŋ nɛ Maarɩɩ kpaɣʋ. Mbʋ́ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, Fezuu Kiɖeɖeu ɖoŋ ɛhaɣnɩ howa ŋ́gá. 21Ɛlʋlʋʋ pɩɣa ŋ́gá lɛ, ŋyaa-kɛ se Yesu, mbʋ́ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, ŋ́gá kɔŋnɩ ɛyáa ñʋʋ yabʋ nɛ kalɩzɩ-wɛ pa-kɩwɛɛkɩm taa.» 22Pɩtɩŋa payɩ pɩlaba ḿbʋ́ se tɔm ndʋ́ Kɩpaɣlʋ katɩŋnɩ náyʋ nɔɔyʋ yɔɔ nɛ ɛyɔɔdɩ yɔ, tɩla. Ńdʋ́ lɛ se: 23«Ɩnaɣ, pɛlɛ nɔɔyʋ kɔŋ haɣʋ nɛ ɛlʋlɩ pɩɣa nɛ payaa-kɛ se Emaanʋyɛɛlɩ.» Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Ɛsɔ wɛ ɖɔ-cɔlɔ. 24Yozɛɛfʋ fema lɛ, ɛkpaɣ Maarɩɩ ɛzɩ Kɩpaɣlʋ tiyiyu heyuu-i yɔ. 25Ɛlɛ́, etotukini-i nɛ pʋkɔɔ pɩsɩɩnɩ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ́ ɛlʋlɩ ɛ-pɩɣa yɔ. Ɛlʋlɩ-kɛ lɛ, Yozɛɛfʋ ɛnʋ ɛ́yáa-kɛ se Yesu.
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Tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ (liberté)
Pɔtɔŋʊʊ se ɛyʊ wɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ (liberté) yɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛlakɩ mbʊ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ. Nɔɔyʊ ɛɛkpaɣ-ɩ nɛ ɖoŋ se ɛla nabʊyʊ. Ɛwɛna waɖɛ yaa ɖoŋ se ewolo ɖenɖe ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ. Ɛwɛna ɖoŋ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛtɔ se ɛcakɩ ɛ-ɖɩcaɣyɛ nɛ ɛhɛzɩ.
Anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʊ ñɔɔzʊʊ yaa lubu nʊmɔʊ taa pɔyɔɔdʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ tɔm. Hɔɔlʊʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-taa lɛ, pawɩlɩɣ ɖɔnɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɖɩ anasaayɩ ñɩɣyʊ nakʊyʊ pɩzɩɣ kʊɖɔ anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʊ wonuu nakʊyʊ taa yɔ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ anasaayɩ wonuu ŋgʊ payaɣ se frɛɛ (frein) mbʊ yɔ yɔ, ɖɩnɩɣ-tʊ kɛlɛʊ. Frɛɛ ŋgʊ lɔɔɖɩyɛ yaa kpokpo yaa cɛɛcɛ sayʊ ciɣdiɣ nɛ e-wonuu seɣ mbʊ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ.
Ɛyʊ weyi ɛfɛyɩ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ, ɛkɛ yom. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛɛlakɩ mbʊ e-liu wɛɛ yɔ yaa mbʊ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ. Nabʊyʊ taa kɔyɔ, mbʊ ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ e-wezuu caɣʊ taa yɔ pakpaɣ-ɩ nɛ ɖoŋ se ɛla. Nabʊyʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, paɖɩkɩ-ɩ nʊmʊʊ, ɛfɛyɩna ɖoŋ se ɛlɩɩna awayɩ. Soŋaɣ taa yaa niikaɣ taa, peeye ɛwɛɛ. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ palɩzɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛ-salaka ŋga ka-taa yɔ pɔtɔŋ se ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛwɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ. Pɔtɔma se nɔɔyʊ wɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ kɔyɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛfɛyɩna lɛlʊ kɛdɛɖaɣ se pʊcɔ ehiɣ nɛ ɛtɔɔ nɛ ɛñɔɔ. Nabʊyʊ ɛɛtɛɖɩɣ-ɩ e-wezuu caɣʊ taa.
Lɛɣtʊ pɩlɩʊ nakʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-kʊ se filozofii. Kʊ-tʊmɩyɛ lɛ se kɩñɩnɩ nɛ kɩtɩlɩ ɛyʊ wɛtʊ nɛ ɛ-lɩmaɣza tɩŋɛ nɛ ɛ-maɣzɩm yeli. Lɛɣtʊ pɩlɩʊ nakʊyʊ ñɛwɛɛ nɛ payaɣ kʊkʊ se samaɣ kpɛlɛkʋʋ lɛɣtʋ piliŋa. Kʊkʊ tʊmɩyɛ lɛ se kɩñɩnɩ nɛ kɩtɩlɩ samaɣ ɖeu, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se kɩñɩnɩɣ se kɩtɩlɩ se ɛzɩma ɛyaa cakɩ ɖama cɔlɔ nɛ ɛbɛ nɛ ɛbɛ kakɩlɩ sɔɔlʊʊ. Lɛɣtʊ pɩlɩʊ nakʊyʊ ɖɔɖɔ ñɛwɛɛ nɛ payaa-kʊ se ɛyʊ waɖɛ tɔm (droit). Pɩlɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛtɩŋa ɛtɔŋ se ɛyʊ wɛʊ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ, mbʊ kɩlɩna wazaɣ nɛ kɩjɛyʊʊ ɛyʊ wezuu caɣʊ taa. Politiki nʊmɔʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, pɔtɔŋ se ɛyʊ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ kɩlɩna kɩjɛyʊʊ e-wezuu caɣʊ taa. Ɛyʊ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ haɣna-ɩ waɖɛ nɛ ɛla mbʊ ɛsɔɔlaa yaa e-liu wɛɛ yɔ pɩtɩŋa payɩ. Paapɩzɩɣ palɩzɩ ɛyʊ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ tɔbʊʊ nɛ pɩtɛ.


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Caadɩ
Caadɩ kɛna Afrika nɛ hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ nadɩyɛ nɛ lɩŋamʋʋ nakʊyʊ lɩm eekpeŋ ɖɩ-cɔlɔ kpam. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛna Liibii nɛ hadɛkiŋ piyele ɖiwɛɛna Niizɛrɩ nɛ Naajeeriya ajɛya wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa; ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛna Kameruni nɛ Sentrafriki hayɩ kiŋ; pɩkazɩ Suudanɩ ɛjaɖɛ lɛ, Caadɩ wɛna ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ.
Afrika ajɛya kpeekpe taa lɛ, Caadɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ kagbanzɩ ñɩnɖɛ kɛ wena akɩlɩ walanzɩ yɔ nɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa wɛ 1 284 000 km2. Caadɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa pɔɔ ŋga kakɩlɩ walʊɣ nɛ ɖaalakɩŋ yɔ ŋga lɛ Caadɩ Lɩŋamʋʋ piyele nɛ pʊʊ nɣʊ kɩkɩlɩ kʊyʊʊ yɔ kʊkʊ lɛ Emi Kusi nɛ kɩwɛ Tibɛstii pʊŋ hɛkʊ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔ wɛʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1960 nɛ ɖɩ-kacalaɣ ñʊʊtʊ payaɣ se François Tombalbaye.
Pɩnaɣ 2003 taa kɛ Caadɩ ɛjaɖɛ sʊ ajɛya wena apɛdɩɣ kaɖazɩm nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna yɔ; ŋgʊ ɖooo lɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɔsʊʊ kɛwɛ pɩsatʊ yaa yɔlɔtʊ, kɛtɛʊ haɖaʊ nɛ naŋ ɖɔɖɛ ɖeke pa-taa. Kaɖazɩm pɛdɩɣ pʊnɛ piyeba nɛ Caadɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɔsʊʊ tasɩ hʊʊ nɛ pɩɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa. Paa nɛ mbʊ yɔ, kedeŋa kpeekpe ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩcɔŋna tɔsʊʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu yɔ ɖɩtɔŋ se pɔcɔna takayasɩ taa pɩnaɣ 2012 taa lɛ, Caadɩ kɛna ɛjaɖɛ naanza ñɩnɖɛ kɛ kʊñʊndʊtʊ taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊtʊ kɩfalʊ kɛ Ɖajaa Idriss Déby.


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Suwahilii kʊnʊŋ
Suwahilii kʊnʊmɩŋ kɛ Afrika Wɩsɩ ɖʊɖʊyɛ ɛyaa mba ɖɩyaɣ se Pantʊ waa yɔ tɛ kʊnʊmɩŋ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩwɛna wɛtʊ kʊyʊmtʊ nɛ tɔmpe taa nɩɣʊ kʊyʊmʊ mbʊ piyeki nɛ kɩnɩyaa nɩɣ ɖama tɔm ndɩ ndɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ agbeela taa yɔ. Mbʊ lɛ, ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩtɔ se kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ ɖama tɛ nɩɣ wɛ kʊyʊmʊm kɛ kʊnʊmɩŋ ɖɔɔ sakɩyɛ.
Kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnɩ ɛ-ta lɛ, ŋgʊ pakɩlɩ labɩnaʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ yɔ nɛ kɩ-kɩlɩ tɔyʊʊ yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ, kiSiwahilii. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩ yɔɔdʊʊ Afrika kedeŋga yɔɔ. kiSiwahilii kʊnʊŋ kɛ ɖama hɛkʊ taa kʊnʊŋ Afrika Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa egeetiye kɩ-walɩyɛ naɖɩ taa. Kɩ-kɛ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ kʊnʊŋ ajɛyɛ a-nɛ a-ta Keniya nɛ Ugandaa nɛ kɩ-kɛ Tanzani ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ.
Malɩŋ ɛsɔ sɛyɛ ŋgbɛyɛ taa mba mba pɛkɛ tadɩyɛ laɖa kedeŋga kpɛŋga yɔ yɔ yɛlɩɩna Suwahilii kʊnʊŋ nɛ kedeŋga taa kɩŋ, kpaɣ tadɩyɛ lona tɩŋga payi yɔ Yoma lona taa payi ɖenɖe kɩ-pɩsa ɖama hɛkʊ taa kʊnʊŋ yɔ. Kpaɖɩŋ sakɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, kɩ-pɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩna ajɛyɛ tɛ wɛʊ taa nɛ Keniya nɛ Tanzaani ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ wena lɩm cɔɔ nɛ pɩta yɔ. Kpaɣ kpaɖʊ 14 nɛ kpaɖʊ 17 hɛkʊ taa lɛ, Suwahilii yɔɔdɔɔsɩ sakɩyɛ kpaɣ Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʊnʊŋ tɔmpe. Kʊnʊmɩŋ sakɩyɛ ʊnʊ yɔ fɛyi kedeŋga ɖoŋ ɛzɩ lʊlʊʊ taa kʊnʊmɩŋ yɔ ɛlɛ, palakɩnɛ-ɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ɛzɩ ɖama hɛkʊ taa kʊnʊmɩŋ yɔ.
Kpaɖʊ 19 alɩwaatʊ taa kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ labɩnaʊ wala pʊsʊ kedeŋga nɛ ka-taa kɩŋ yɔ. Kpaɣ Uganda nɛ Ruwandaa nɛ Purundi nɛ sɔnɔ Kɔŋgo Kinsasa ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Santrafriki. Ɛsɔ tɔm yɛlɩnɩyaa lakɩna-kʊ tʊmɩyɛ Ɛsɔ tɔm susu nɔmɔʊ taa. Suwahilii kʊnʊŋ wɛna masɩ nɛ matʊ ɖooo kpaɖɩŋ sakɩyɛ. Kiɖe tɛ lɛ, Arabɩ masɩ nɛ, ɖooo kpaɖʊ 19 alɩwaatʊ tɛmtʊ taa lɛ, Latɛŋ masɩ.


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Siloovaakii
Siloovaakii kɛna Erɔpʊ nɛ hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Erɔpʊ ajɛya kpeekpe kɩkpɛndʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɖooo pɩnaɣ 2004. Ajɛya wena acɔ Siloovaakii ñɩndʊ nbɛ ata yɔ anaa lɛ: hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Polɔñɩ, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Ukirɛɛnɩ, piyele nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Hɔŋgirii, pɩkazɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖi payaɣ-ɖɩ se Otirisi yɔ ɖɩwɛna, wɩsɩɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Cɛɛkɩ ɛjaɖɛ wɛna peeɖe.
Ɖooo ɛzɩ aloma fenaɣ 28 pɩnaɣ 1918 piwolo pɩsɩɩna lakɩŋ fenaɣ 1939 nɛ pɩkpaɣ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 4 pɩnaɣ 1945 pɩsɩɩna saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ 31 pɩnaɣ 1992 mbʊ yɔ, Siloovaakii ɛjaɖɛ kaawɛ Cekɔsiloovaakii hɔɔlʊʊ taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩunɛ ɖɩɩɖa ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ aloma fenaɣ 28 pɩnaɣ 1918 nɛ pʊcɔ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1993 kɩlɩɩ Cekɔsiloovaakii hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ pɩla ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ sɩŋŋŋ.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ keteŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ aŋgba sakɩyɛ taa nɛ a-taa kɔyɔ: OTAN, OMC, OCDE yaa V4 nɛ ɖɩwɛ ɖɔɖɔ Erɔpʊ keteŋa taa ajɛya wena atɔkɩ liidiye kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Eeroo yo ɖɩ-taa. Pɩnaɣ 2013 taa pakaliɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, pana ɛyaa 5 410 836 nɛ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa wɛ ɛzɩ kiolmɛtanaa 49 035.
Payaɣ Siloovaakii ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ se Andrej Kiska nɛkominañɩnʊ yɔ Robert Fico. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ siloovaakɩ.


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Kofi Annan
Kofi Annan kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Kana yɔ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa pɩɣa yaa ɖɩ-ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Palʋlɩ-ɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ lutozo (8) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1938 n̄ɩŋga taa. Egeetiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa palʋla-ɩ yɔ, nɖɩ payaɣ size Kumasi kɛ Kana ɛjaɖɛ taa peeɖe. Ɛ-pɩcatʋ taa ɛɛkɛ pɩɣa ŋga kaawɛ lɔŋ siŋŋ kɛ piya lɛɣsɩ cɔlɔ yaa piya lɛɣsɩ hɛkʋ taa yɔ.
Ɖajaa Kofi Annan ɛnɛ, ɛɛkɛ ajɛɛ hɛkʋ taa tabalɩyɛ wɩlɩʋʋ yaa kpɛlɛkɩyʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛnʋ wɩlaana yaa kpɛlɛkaana ɛyaa sɔlɩm, nɛ taɣ leleŋ. Ɖajaa Kofi Annan yekaana yaa cɛyaana ɛ-tɩ size ajɛɛ tabalɩyɛ ɖʋʋ lɩmaɣza ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩnda, nɛ ɛcɛyʋʋ ɛ-tɩ size lɛlʋ n̄am, nɛ lɛlʋ tisiu tɛ sɔlɩm tabalɩyɛ ehʋʋ camɩyɛ.
Ɖajaa ɛnʋ, ɛɛkɛna ajɛɛ kpeekpe nɩnaʋ yaa sɔlɩm ŋgbɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ nɛ Fransɩɩ taa size ONU ŋgbɛyɛ yɔ ɖɩ-n̄ʋʋ tʋ sɔsɔ. ɛɛkɛna ŋgbɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-takayaɣ taa mayʋ kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ tʋ sɔsɔ, pɛcɛ tobi nɛ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size secrétaire général des Nations unies. Ɖɩɖɔkɩ size, paakizuu ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ se ɖɩtaasuu yaa ɖɩ-taa wɛɛ ajɛɛ kpeekpe ɖɩ-kpɛdɩyɛ ŋgbɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa.
Ɖajaa Kofi Annan kaakɛna ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-tɛ wiyau yaa takayaɣ taa mayʋ sɔsɔ kajalaɣ yaa kɔɔnɔɔ tʋ lʋbɛ (7) n̄ɩnʋʋ ŋgbɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Ŋgbɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩ-tʋma laɖaa tɩnaa taa payɩ lɛ, Kofi kaakɛna kɔɔnɔɔ tʋ weyi pajala-ɩ lɩzʋʋ size ɛkɛ pɛ-ŋgbɛ n̄ʋʋ tʋ yaa wiyau ɛzɩ payaɣʋʋ nɛ Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "secrétaire général des Nations unies".
Ɖajaa Annan ɛnɛ ɛɛpaza ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ pɩnaɣ 1997 n̄ɩŋga taa nɛ pɩkɔ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 2006 n̄ɩŋga. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size palɩza-ɩ tam nabʋlɛ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ninɖiu yaa wiyau. Saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ taa evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu (10) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 2001 n̄ɩŋga taa mbʋ yɔ lɛ, palaba kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ kɛ ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ taa. Kedizaɣ ŋga kawayɩ pɛcɛlɛyɩ samtʋ takayaɣ yaa hɩɖɛ ɖʋʋ takayaɣ ŋga payaɣna Fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "Prix Nobel de la paix" yɔ.
Ɛlɛ, pɩcɔ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩɩ suu yaa ɖɩ-kɛ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa tʋ lɛ, pɩwɛnaŋ ɖɩ size ɖitisi size ɖɩɖɔŋ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-paɣtʋ yɔ. Pʋwɛ ɖɔɖɔ size ɖitisi se ɖiwokina ɖɩ-sɔjanaa nabayɩ nɛ ɖɩsɔzɩ wɛ, pɛkpɛndɩ nɛ pakandɛyɩna nɛ pakaɖɩna yaa paɖɩʋ kao mba palakɩ yoŋ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, paɣtʋ lɛɣtʋ wɛ size, ɛjaɖɛ naɖɛ taa you ɛwɛ nɛ ɖɩtaya wɛ kɔyɔ, paakʋyʋ yem nɛ powolo.
Ɖajaa ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-n̄ʋʋ tʋ Kofi Annan ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ politiki ɛyʋ yaa laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛlaba lɛɣtʋ yaa tɩlɩtʋ sukuli, nɛ laɣsɩ kpɛlɛkʋʋ (technologie) sukuli kɛ sukuli kɩtɛzʋʋ sɔsɔʋ taa kɛ Kumasi nɛ Macalester hɛkʋ taa sukuli ŋgʋ payaɣ-kʋ nɛ Fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size Macalester College yɔ taa. Macalester College kʋnɛ, kɩwɛ Paul Kiɖeɖeu (Saint Paul) kɛ Etaazuunii ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1961 n̄ɩŋga taa


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Eriitree
Eriitree kɛna Afrika nɛ hayɩ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ɖɩwɛ dɩ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ Etiyoopii. Ɖɩwɛ ɖi-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1993.
Eriitree ñaɣ pana nɛ kɩlɩɩ yomiye taa mbʊ pɔyɔɔ yɔ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1869 kɛ Iitalii kaayaba Asaabɩ nɛ pɩcɔ kʊɖʊmaa mba powoli nɛ pacaɣ Maasawa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1890.
Keteŋa kpeekpe you laba nɛ Iitalii takpaɣ nabʊyʊ you taa lɛ, ONU tɛzɩ kpaɣʊ Eriitree nɛ kiyebina Etiyoopii kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1952 ɛlɛ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1962 kɛ Etiyoopii paɣzɩ kɩ-yɔɔ cɔnaʊ. Pɩñɩtʊ nɛ pɩkpɑɣ mbʊ yɔ, Eriitree wɛɛ kɩñɩnɩɣ kpem se kɩwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ agoza fenaɣ 1991 lɛ, peeɖe hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩlʊkaɣ kpɛm mbʊ se pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ɛwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ nɛ payaɣ-kʊ se FPLE yɔ, kɩwa nɛ kɩwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ. Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖi-nɔɔ yɔɔ ɖɛyʊ payaɣ se Ɖajaa Issayas Afewerki.


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ONU ŋgbɛyɛ
Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kpɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ (ONU). Pɩtakazɩ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɩnɛ se ɖɩfɛyɩ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tamaɣ yaa ɖɩ-lɩmaɣzɛ lɛ se ɖɩkandɩ kadeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya laŋhɛzɩyɛ yɔɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ONU ŋgbɛyɛ lʊkɩ se laŋhɛzɩyɛ ɛwɛɛ paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ lɛ ɖɩ-taa kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ. ONU ŋgbɛyɛ kandɩɣ ɛyʊ waɖɛ yɔɔ siŋŋ. Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩlʊkɩ se kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔsʊʊ ɛɖɛɛnɩ ɛsɩndaa. Pɩnaɣ 1945 taa ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ñɔwa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe you naalɛ ñɩŋgʊ hɛwa lɛ paɖʊ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ. ONU ŋgbɛyɛ lɛɣzɩna ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payawaɣ se «SN» yɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ajɛya kpeekpe kpɛndʊʊ. Paɖʊ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ se ɖɩlʊ nɛ yoŋ ɛtaatasɩ wɛʊ ajɛya hɛkʊ taa. ONU ŋgbɛyɛ lʊkɩ se ajɛya kpeekpe ɛcaɣ ayɔɔdɩ nɛ anɩna ɖama. ONU ŋgbɛyɛ wɛna pilinzi yʊʊʊ nzɩ sɩlʊkɩ kedeŋa jkpeekpe laŋhɛzɩyɛ yɔɔ yɔ.


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© 1996 – 2009 The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
This HTML version prepared by the UDHR in Unicode project, http://www.unicode.org/udhr.
Yee ɖitisaa se pʊmʊna ɛyaa se pɛwɛɛ kɩmaŋ wala ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɩkɛna wazaɣ pʊyʊ kɔyɔ, ɖitisaa ɖɔɖɔ se peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ, toovonum nɛ lahɛzɩyɛ palɩɣna;
Ɖɩnaa se ɛyʊ wala tɔm kɩɩsɩŋ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ kɩɩɖɔŋ palabɩna nɛ kɩwɛɛkɩm tɔyɩ nɛ pɩcɛyɩɣ ɛyaa. Mbʊ pacaɣ se ɛjaɖɛ ɛlɛɣzɩ wɛtʊ, ɛyaa wɛɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ, pɔyɔɔdʊʊ yem faaa nɛ pɩwɩlɩ se palɩ kʊñɔŋ taa, sɔɔndʊ ɛɛtasɩɣ-wɛ kpaʊ;
Yee waɖɛ kewiyaɣ ɛkandayɩɣ ɛyʊ wala yɔɔ camɩyɛ kɔyɔ, wiɖiyi pɩɩkaɣ ɛyʊ ɛnʊ kɛnaʊ kɩjɛyʊʊ se ɛkʊyɩ kewiyaɣ ŋga kɔ-yɔɔ se kalakɩ-ɩ ñaŋ;
Pʊwɛ camɩyɛ se pasɩna ajɛya, akpeeti nɛ ala taabalɩyɛ ɖʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeu nɛ puhuuna-yɛ;
Ɖinaa se ajɛya kɩgbɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ paɣtʊ takayaɣ taa kɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe tasɩ tisuu ɛyʊ wala nɛ ɛ-wazaɣ pɔ-tɔm, nɛ pɔtɔ se abalaa nɛ halaa pɛwɛ kɩmaŋ wala ana a-ɛsɩndaa; mbʊ labɩna nɛ paka ñʊʊ se pekpeetiɣ samaɣ sɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ nɛ pɩsa pɛwɛɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ camɩyɛ;
Ajɛya kɩgbɛdʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa ajɛya tisaa se alakɩ nɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe ña ɛyʊ wala, ɛlɛ pʊwɛɛ se ŋgbɛyɛ ɛɖʊ-yɛ nisi;
Yee ɛyaa tɩŋgɛ ɩwɛna lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ ɛyʊ wala nɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ tɔm yɔɔ kɔyɔ, pɩsaŋ nɛ pala tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ.
MBƱ AJƐYA KIGBƐNDƱƱ ŊGBƐYƐ KEDIƔZAƔ SƆSƆƆ TƆM SE:
KEDEŊGA KPEEKPE YƆƆ ƐYƱ WALA TƆM tʊnɛ tɩkɛ ajɛya wena kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala tɔm wɛ a-ñʊŋ taa yɔ a-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ; nɛ pɩsa acɛyɩ a-tɩ, akuli ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖa-ajɛya ɛyaa nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna ɛyaa ɛsɛ nɛ paña ɛyʊ wala nɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ tɔm.
Palʊlʊʊ ɛyaaa nɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kpaagbaa nɛ pɛwɛɛ kɩmaŋ wala ɛsɩndaa. Palʊlʊʊ-wɛ nɛ pɔ-lɔŋ nɛ pa-maɣzɩm; mbʊ yekina nɛ pɔsɔɔlɩ ɖama se pɛkɛ ɛyaa pa-tɩŋgɛ.
Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛkɛ kɩsɛm, kɩkpɛdʊ, kʊhʊlʊm, ñɩmdʊ, kɛdɛyaɣ, paa ɛkɛ cɔɔcɩ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa tʊ, ɛlaɣ sɩɩnaa, ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛtɔ se kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala wena pɔyɔɔdɩ a-tɔm cɩellnɛ yɔ, akɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-ñɩna.
Mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ paa ɛyʊ ɛlɩna le, ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩfɛyɩ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ ɖɩ-taa tʊ, yaa ɖɩ-poliitikii kɛ ŋgʊ, paapɩzɩɣ pɔtɔ se ɛyʊ wala tɔm tʊnɛ tɩdataɣna-ɩ.
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛwɛɛna wezuu, ɛwɛɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɛkandayɩ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ.
Pɩfɛyɩ se nɔɔyʊ ɛwɛɛ yomiye taa; ɛlɛ padaaɖʊ-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ kʊñɔŋ. Pekizi yomiye tɔm.
Pɩfɛyɩ se paɖʊ nɔɔyʊ kʊñɔŋ, pɛkpɛŋgɛsɩ-ɩ, yaa palabɩ-ɩ mbʊ pɩdamʊna se pala ɛyʊ yɔ.
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se paa le, paya-ɩ se caa akele.
Ɛyaa kpeekpe wɛ kɩmaŋ paɣtʊ ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɛwɛɛna waɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ se paɣtʊ ɛkandayɩ pɔ-yɔɔ kɩmaŋ. Yee palakɩ-wɛ nabʊyʊ nɛ pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu, yaa pɩɩɖɔŋ paɣtʊ nʊmaʊ ta, pɩwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ se pakandayɩ pɔ-yɔɔ kɩmaŋ.
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se pacaɣ-ɩ tɔm yaa pomuluu-i faŋŋŋ wala wena paɣtʊ ha-ɩ yɔ a-nʊmaʊ taa, ewolo eheyi ɛjaɖɛ taa tɔm hʊyaa.
Paapɩzɩɣ pakpa nɔɔyʊ faŋŋ paɖɩɣ yaa pɛkɛzɩ-ɩ tɛtʊ.
Yee pakpa ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ se ɛlabɩ nabʊyʊ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se pahʊʊ ɛ-tɔm fayɩɩ nɛ pana; tiɖeɣ yaa tɩsɩkɩ.
1. Ɛyʊ weyi pakpa-ɩ nɛ padahʊda ɛ-tɔm yɔ, pɔcɔŋna-ɩ se ɛdɛwɛɛkɩ pʊyʊ; a-aseɣɖe tɩnaa nɛ ɛ-yɔɔ kandɩyaa pasɩŋgɩɣ ɛ-wayɩ, pahʊʊ ɛ-tɔm fayɩɩ ɛzɩ paɣtʊ pɔzʊʊ yɔ, nɛ pana toovonum.
2. Paakpaɣ ɛyʊ sɔnɔ ɖooo mbʊ ɛɛlaba nɛ pɩdaafɛyɩ paɣtʊ taa yɔ, pʊ-yɔɔ; yee pʊ-wayɩ pʊkɔma pɩlɩɩ se ɛɛlabɩ mbʊ yɔ pɩkɛ kɩwɛɛkɩm, nɛ pʊpɔzʊʊ se pɔhɔ ɛ-naŋgbaŋgʊʊ kɔyɔ, paɣtʊ kɩbɩndʊ yɔɔ patɩŋgɩɣ.
Pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu se ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ ɛɖʊ ɛ-nɔɔ lɛlʊ tɔm taa yem yem.
1. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ewolo paa le, ɛcaɣ ɖenɖe e-liu wɛɛ yɔ paa ɛjaɖe nɖɩ lɛ ɖɩ-taa.
2. Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛkʊyɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɛwɛ ɖɩ-taa yɔ, paa pɩkɛ ɛ-ñɩnɖɛ, nɛ pɩmaɣ-ɩ ɖooye lɛ, ɛpɩsɩ.
1. Yee palɩ ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ wayɩ ɖoli faŋŋŋ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ sɛ eñɩnɩ kʊyʊʊ ɖʊɖʊyɛ. Ɛtalɩ le, padaalɔ-ɩ.
2. Ɛlɛ, yee toovonum, ɛwɛɛkɩ nabʊyʊ nɛ pañɩnɩɣ-ɩ se pakpa-ɩ, ɛfɛyɩna waɖɛ se ɛɖʊ kʊyʊʊ ɖoli.
1. Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛyaa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ se ɛ-tɛ.
2. Pɩfɛyɩ se pekizina nɔɔyɔ se ɛdaayaa ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ se ɛ-tɛ yaa ɛdaa lɛɣzɩ tɛ.
1. Halɩbiya nɛ abalɩbɩya, paa pɛ-tɛ le, palakɩ cɔɔcɩ ŋgʊ, patalɩɣ pe-ɖeɖe lɛ, pɛwɛna waɖɛ se pawalɩ, pakpaɣ halaa nɛ papɩsɩ ɖɩsɩ nɛ sɩ-tɩnaa. Pa-wala wɛ kɩmaŋ halɩkpaɣyɛ ɖeɖe; abalʊ wɛna waɖɛ se ekizi ɛ-halʊ nɛ ɛɖɔɔnɩ-ɩ; halʊ ñɛwɛna waɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ se ekizi ɛ-walʊ nɛ ɛkʊɩ ɛ-yɔɔ.
2. Pɛlɔ nɛ evebu, petisiɣ se pɔsɔɔlɩ ɖama nɛ pʊcɔ palabɩ-wɛ halɩkpaɣyɛ sɔnzɩ. Pɩfɛyɩ pakpa pa-taa nɔɔyɔ nɛ ɖoŋ.
3. Mɩzaɣ kɛna samaɣ hoye; kɛwɛna waɖɛ se samaɣ nɛ kewiyaɣ pakandayɩ kɔ-yɔɔ.
1. Ɛyʊ paa weyi, paa ɛwɛ e-ɖeke, paa ɛwɛ lalaa hɛkʊdaa, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛwɛɛna ñɩm.
2. Pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu se pɛlɛɣ nɔɔyʊ ɛ-ñɩm faŋŋŋ.
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se elɩzɩ ɛ-lɩmaɣza faaa, ɛtɩŋ ɛsɔ tɔm nʊmaʊ ŋgʊ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se waɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖiyekina nɛ ɛyʊ pɩzɩ eyele ɛsɔ tɔm nʊmaʊ nakʊyʊ nɛ ɛtɩŋ lɛɛkʊ, ɛpɩzɩ ɛwɩlɩ ɛsɔ tɔm nʊmaʊ ŋgʊ ɛtɩŋgɩɣ-kʊ yo kʊ-tɔm lalaa faaa; paa ɛwɛ e-ɖeke yaa ɛ nɛ lalaa, ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛla pʊ-tʊmɩyɛ.
Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛyɔɔdɩ faaa ndʊ ɛmaɣzɩɣ yɔ; pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se sɔɔndʊ ɛdaakpa ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ se ɛɛyɔɔdɩ natʊyʊ nɛ palabɩ-ɩ nabʊyʊ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛyʊ wɛna waɖɛ se ɛkɛdɩ lalaa ndʊ ɛsɩma, ɛnaa yaa ɛnɩwa yɔ.
1. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ewolo kediɣzaɣ nɛ ɛwɛɛna ŋgbɛyɛ.
2. Pɩfɛyɩ se pakpa nɔɔyʊ nɛ ɖoŋ se ɛsʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ taa.
1. Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛɖʊ ɛ-nɔɔ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ɖɔkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɔm taa. Ɛmaɣmaɣ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛla lɩmaɣza yaa ɛtɩŋna samaɣ lɩzɩ ɛyaa mba se pɔɖɔkɩ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ pɔ-yɔɔ.
2. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛla kewiyaɣ tʊmɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ.
3. Samaɣ sɔɔlɩm kɛna kewiyaɣ ɖoŋ tigiɖe. Takayɩsɩ ɖʊzʊʊ panaɣna samaɣ sɔɔlɩm mbʊ.
Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se samaɣ ɛkandayɩ ɛ-yɔɔ. Kandayʊʊ mbʊ piyekina nɛ ɛyʊ wɛɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ, ɛhɛzɩ ñɩm nɛ ɛsɛkuliye pa-ñɩnʊʊ nʊmaʊ taa.
1. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ehiɣ tʊmɩyɛ, tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ, ɛlabɩ-ɖɩ nɛ mulum ɛdaawɛɛ.
2. Ɛyaa kpeekpe wɛna waɖɛ se, palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ kɔyɔ, pɛhɛyɩ-wɛ kɩmaŋ, mulum ɛdaawɛɛ.
3. Ɛyʊ weui ɛlakɩ tʊmɩyɛ yɔ, pʊmʊnaa se pɛhɛyɩ-ɩ camɩyɛ, pɩtalɩ ɛ nɛ ɛ-mɩzaɣ nɛ padaala kʊñɔŋ samaɣ taa.
4. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛ nɛ lalaa paɖʊ ŋgbɛyɛ; ɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ ɛkpɛndɩ aŋgba lɛɛna yɔɔ, aŋgba ana awɛɛ ɖoŋ nɛ akandayɩ ɛ-yɔɔ.
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛhɛzɩ nɛ ɛcalasɩ ɛ-ɛsɛ, padaakɩlɩ-ɩ nazʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ taa; ɛwɛna waɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ se paa pɩnaɣ ŋga, paha-ɩ fenaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ, ɛhɛzɩ nɛ pɛtɛ pɛhɛyɩ-ɩ ke-liidiya.
1. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛwɛɛna ñɩm nɛ pɩwazɩ ɛ nɛ ɛ-ñɩmba pe-wezuu caɣʊ taa; ɛzɩ tɔɔnaɣ, tɔɔla, ɖʊzʊyɛ nɛ kɔ yɔ. Ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛlakɩ kʊñɔŋ, pɩwɩɣ-ɩ, ɛlabi ɛjam, ɛpɩsɩ ɛɖanɛ yaa leluu, ɛkpadayaa, pala nabʊyʊ nɛ pasɩna-ɩ.
2. Asɔŋ nɛ piya pʊmʊnaa se pasɩna pɩŋŋŋ.
1. Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se pokuli ɛ-ɛsɛ. Pɩdamʊna se pɛhɛyɩ kɔɔnɔɔ sukuli yɔɔ. Pɩkɛna paa anɩ kɩjɛyʊʊ se ewolo-kʊ. Pʊwɛɛ se lɛɣtʊ nɛ tʊma kpasʊʊ sukuli pɔtɔyɩ. Pʊpɔzʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se patʊlɩ sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ nɔnɔsɩ paa anɩ.
2. Ɛyʊ woki sukuli se ɛ-ɛsɛ ikuli, pɩwazɩ-ɩ e-wezuu caɣʊ taa, pɩsɩna-ɩ nɛ ɛña ɛyʊ wala. Kɩsɩɣna ɛyaa nɛ panɩɣna ɖama, pekpeɣu ɖama pa-kɩwɛɛkɩm, paɖʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ. Kɩsɩɣna ɖɔɖɔ ajɛya kɩgbɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ tʊma wena añɩnɩɣ laŋhɛzɩyɛ yɔ.
3. Piya ñɩmba wɛna waɖɛ se palɩzɩ sukuli ŋgʊ pɔsɔɔla se pepiya iwobi-kʊ yɔ.
1. Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛɖʊ nɔɔ faaa ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ sɔnzɩ tɔm taa nɛ mbʊ pɩlɩɣ pɩ-taa yɔ, pɩwazɩ-ɩ.
2. Paa anɩ ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛkandayɩ mbʊ ɛlaba nɛ ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛɛ yɔ pʊ-yɔɔ.
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛñaɣ pana nɛ yɛɖɛyɛɖɛtʊ ɛdaawɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ, ɛzɩ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala tɔm takayaɣ taa yɔ.
1. Paa anɩ, ɛtɩlɩ ɛsɩɩ se ɛwɛ samaɣ ŋga ka-taa fɛɛɛ nɛ pɩkɛdɩɣna-ɩ yɔ, ɛtɔɔ-kɛ kɩmɩyɛ.
2. Paa ɛyʊ weyi, eɖiɣzina se ɛ-wala ñɩnʊʊ nʊmaʊ nɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ leleŋ nɩʊ pa-taa lɛ, kamaɣ wɛɛ; pɩfɛyɩ se ɛcɛzɩ-kɛ; paɣtʊ ɖʊna-kɛ. Mbʊ yekina nɛ ɛyaa ñaŋ ɖama wala; mbʊ haɣna mʊmaʊ ɖɔɖɔ se demookrasii samaɣ taa ɛyaa ɩnɩɩna ɖama.
3. Ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ ɛtɔ se ɛñaŋ wala ana nɛ pʊdɔɖɔ ɛzɩ ajɛya kɩgbɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ sɔɔlʊʊ yɔ.
Kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala tɔm tʊnɛ, tɩ-taa tʊ kpayɩ kpayɩ. Ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ fɛyɩ ɛtɔŋ se hɔɔlʊʊ kʊnɛ, yaa ŋgʊ yɔ, kʊtɔŋna se padaaña wala naayɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ,yaa nɖɩ yɔ ɖɩ-taa.


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Adolph Hitler
Adolph Hitler kɛ Otirisi tʊ. Ɛlɛ, ɛyɔɔdʋʋ caama ñɩma kʋnʋŋ. Palʊlɩ-ɩ efemiye nɛɛlɛ (20) wiye ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 1889. Palʋla-ɩ Bɩrɔnɔ Amm Ɩnn tɛtʋ taa Otirisi Hɔŋgri ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ sɔnɔ taa payaɖɩ se Otirisi yɔ, ɖɩ-taa. Ɛsɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɩyakʋ niidozo (30) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa. Bɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʋ taa ɛsɩba. Bɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʋ kɛŋna Caama tɛtʊ sɔsɔ. Adolph Hitler ɛnʊ, ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛkʊna ɛ-tɩ. Sɔsɔ Adolph Hitler kaakɛna Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔɔja sɔsɔ. Ɛɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛɛkɛ politi laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛnʊ lɩzɩna politiki ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se 'Nazisme" yɔ.
Ɖoŋ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeke koŋ ɛlakaɣ e-wezuu caɣʋ tɩŋa. Ɛ-lɩmaɣza ɖeke koŋ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa lakaɣna tʊmɩyɛ. Ɖoŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛmʋna Kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ. Nɛ ɛmʊ-kɛ nɛ ɛtɛ lɛ, ɛyaa Caama ɛjaɖɛ sɩse: Naadozo Reich. Ɛkpaɣ kpelaɣ, kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1933 ñɩŋa nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa. Ɛkɛ politiki ɛyʊ mbʊʋ lɛ, ɛkɛ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ sɩse 'NSDAP' (caama tʊmlaɖaa samaɣ), yɔ ɖɩ-ñʊʋdʊ . Caama ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ñɩnaɣ se ɛkʋ weyi ɛlɛ kɛkɛ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ yɔ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛmʋ kpelaɣ nɛ ɖoŋ, ɛlɛ, pʋtɔcɔ. Ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler kɛkɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ kajalaɣ Minisi, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ tɛɛ tʋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛmʋʋ kpelaɣ nɛ ɖoŋ. Kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ niidozo wiye, pɩnaɣ 1933 ñɩŋa taa ɛɛkɛ Kajalaɣ Minisi Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa.kpɛɣlɛ. Pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɛkʋ e-kondɩnaa mba pakaɖaɣna-ɩ yɔ patɩŋa payɩ pɩtasaɣ paa kʋɖʋm. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 1934 ñɩŋa taa ɖajaa Adolph Hitler laba ɛ-tɩ sɔnzɩ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ Caama ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ. Ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ɖiyaɣ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ñazʋʋ nɛ ɖoŋ. E-ɖeke ɛlɩzɩɣna ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ a-yɔɔ ɖeke ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa ɖɔŋ. Ɛɛyɔɔdʋʋ nɛ nɔɔyʋ cosi. Ɛɛñazɩɣ nɛ nɔɔyʋ kizi labʋ mbʋ ɛtɔma se pala yɔ. Ñazʋʋ nɛ ñazʋʋ lɛ, ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ñazaa ɛpalɩ lɩm.Ɛ-kañatʋ nɛ ñʋʋdʋ nɔɔyʋ ñɩndʋ patata kaʋ. Adolph Hitler tɔm kɛ kigiluu tɔm siŋŋ samaɣ cɔlɔ. Ɛkʊwaɣ e-kondinaa yem yem ɛzɩ ɛsɔɔlʊʋ yɔ.Ɛɛsɔɔla se ɛmʋ ajɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ tɛtʋ nɛ tɩpɩsɩ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ñɩndʋ.
Payaɣ ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler caa se Aloi Hitler nɛ e-ɖoo hɩlɛ lɛ Klara Hitler. Ɛwɛna halʊ nɛ payaɣ ɛlɛ se Eva Braum.


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Radɔŋ
Radɔŋ kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 86 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Rn. Pɩnaɣ 1908 William Ramsay nɛ Robert Whytlaw-Gray lɩzɩɣ mbʊ payaɣ se niton (nitens latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa palɩzɩ tɔbʊʊ se kɩñɩɣlɩsɩɣ, nɛ ɛ-yʊsaɣ mayaɣ Nt). Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1923 paya-ɩ hɩɖɛ Radɔŋ. Pɩnaɣ 1899 paɣzɩtʊ taa Pierre nɛ Marie Curie naa se radɩyɔm lɩzɩɣ miŋ wɛ cɛnzɩ tɔʊʊ ɖoŋ pileɖiɣ pɩtalɩ fenasi naalɛ.
Palɩ raɖɔŋ yɔɔ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1900 pɩtɩŋna Friedrrich Ernst Dorn, ɛnʊ yana-ɩ se radɩyɔm lɛzʊʊ. Ɛkɛ cɛnzɩ tɔʊʊ pʊtʊ naatozo tʊ weyi pana-ɩ radɩyɔm nɛ pɔlɔnɩyɔm wayi yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1901 lɛ Rutherfort wɩlɩ se tɔrɩyɔm lɛzɩŋ tɔʊʊ cɛnzɩ, kɛlɛ Curie waa hɛyɩ kɩmɩyɛ pɩlɩna pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ natʊ yɔɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1903 lɛ André-Louis Debierne na lɛzɩŋ nɩɩyɛ kɛɛkɛɛ ɛlɩna akɩtɩyɔm cɔlɔ nɛ ɛya-ɩ se akɩtɩyɔm lɛzɩŋ.
Palɩzɩ hɩla ndɩ ndɩ nɛ payana fefekiŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-niitozo pɩnaɣ 1904, exradio, exthorio, nɛ exactinio pʊwayɩ kɔyɔ radon, thoron, nɛ akton pɩnaɣ 1918, pʊwayi ɖɔɖɔ kɔyɔ radeon, thoreon, nɛ actineon pɩnaɣ 1919, nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩtɛmna radon, thoron, nɛ actinon pɩnaɣ 1920.
Panaɣ se fefekiŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-naadozo ɛ-tɛ mʊntʊsʊʊ weluu lɩ arɩgɔŋ, krɩpɩtɔŋ nɛ sɛnɔŋ, nɛ ɖɔɖɔ pɛ-tɛ ɖoŋ kɩɩwɛʊ lɛ, kɩpaɣlʊ William Ramsay kpekiɣ se kɩlɩlɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛmʊna pʊtʊ kɩfalʊ nɔyɔ ɛ-tɛ nɛ kɛtɛɖaɣ fefekiŋ tɛ. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1910 ɖa-caanaa William Ramsay nɛ Robert Whytlaw-Gray pɩzɩ palɩzɩ radɔŋ kiyeke. Pɔtɔŋ radɩyɔm kɩlʊʊ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩtamʊna kɛlɛ palɩzɩ hɩla anɛyɔ niton (pɩlɩna latɛŋ taa se nitens, entis kɩñɩlɩsɩɣ.


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Albert Camus
Palʊla Albert Camus kɛ mɩnzɛma fenaɣ lʊbɛ ñɩŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1913 kɛ Mondovi, Alizeerii ɛjaɖɛ taa, pɩñɔtɩna egeetiye nɖɩ payaɣ se Bône yɔ. Esɩba kɔlaɣ fenaɣ naanza ñɩŋgʊ wiye kɛ Villblevin, Yonne, Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Albert Camus kɛ takayaɣ taa mayʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ nɛ ɛk ɛkɛ ñʊʊ taa lɔŋ lɛɛtʊ-tʊ ; ɛmaɣ takayasɩ sakɩyɛ nɛ ɛñʊʊ taa lɩmaɣza ndɩ ndɩ ; ɛkɛ weyi ɛyɔɔdɩɣ toovenim tanaʊ taa yɔ. Nɛ ɛkɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa weyi ɛmaɣ ndʊ tɩlakɩ nɛ ɛnɩyʊ yɔ. Ɛkɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa aseeɖe tɔm kɛdɩya taa mba mba palʊba se Fransɩɩ tɛtʊ ɛwɛɛ tɩ-tɩ yɔɔ kpataa yɔ. Albert Camus wɛ mba palʊba se pasɩna mba kedeŋga kpeekpe taa yoŋ kaalaba nɛ pɩcɔɔ pa-ñʊŋ taa yɔ.
Ɛ-takayasɩ nzɩ nzɩ ɛma yɔ, sɩ-taa tanaʊ tɔm wɛ, ɛmaɣmaɣ ɛ-ñʊʊ taa lɩmaza tɔm wɛ, aseela tɔm nɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm ñɩndʊ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Keesi nɛɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ lɔŋ tasɩɣ tɔm wɛ sakɩyɛ. Ɛ-takayasɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa, ɛyɔɔda ɛyʊtʊ nɛ abalɩtʊ ndʊ pɩwɛɛ se ɛyʊ ɛwɛna yɔ pɩ-tɔm. Eyɔɔdɩɣ pana wena pɩpɔzɩɣ se ɛyʊ ɛwɛna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa pɩtɩkɩ-ɩ yɔɔɔ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ tɔm yɔ. Pana ana a-tɛ pana ñaʊ taa ɛyʊ wɩlɩɣna ɛ-ɛyʊtʊ nɛ ɛwɩlɩ se kedenga wɛ ɖɔɖɔ wazaɣ e-fezu caaɣ taa. Mbʊ lakɩna nɛ laŋhʊlɩmɩyɛ wɛɛ ɛcaɣ wezu kɩpangʊ nɛ ɛɛkɔɔ ɛsɩ sɩm kɩpambʊ.
Paha-ɩ takayaɣ maʊ samtʊ nimiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1957 nɛ ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛtʊ ndʊ tɩpaɣla kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ.
Bertrand Poirot-Delbech yɔɔdɩɣ se Albert Camus takayasɩ tɔyɩ ɛ-sɩm wayɩ kɛnɛ, ŋgʊ e-wezu caaʊ taa lɛ nɔɔyʊ taasɩmɩ-ɩ sɩŋŋŋ. Pasɩma ɛ-yɔɔ tɔm sɩŋŋŋ kɛ pɩnzɩ 18 kɛ ɛ-sɩm wayɩ. Takayasɩ sɩnɛ si-taa lɛ, ŋga kakɩlɩ ɖeu yɔ ŋga lɛ Herbert R. Lottman ñɩŋga. Ɛnɛ ɛkɛ Amerika-tʊ weyi ɛcɔŋna Ɛrɔpʋ takayasɩ maʊ nzɩ payaɣ se The New York Times ne Publishers Weekly yɔɔ yɔ.
Aseeɖe tɔm takayaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Combat yɔ ka-taa lɛ, ɛkama ñʊʊ sɩŋŋŋ nɛ ɛyɔɔdɩɣ kaŋganaaa ndʊ ɛnawaɣ yɔ ; paa ɛzɩ Alizeerii tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ nɛ palakaɣ-ɩ mbʊ mbʊ ɛ-tɛɛ politika ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payawaɣ se Parti Communiste Français yɔ ɖɩ-taa yɔ. Pɩnzɩ naalɛ ɖekɛ ɛlaba politiki ŋbgɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa nɛ ese-ɖɩ. Camus lɩza kaalaa ɛwɛɖɩɣ kɛ ɛ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ ɛkɛna aseeɖe tʊ. Ɛtaasɔɔlɩ kundum tɔm natʊyʊ nɛ ɛkaɖɩna Jean-Paul Sartre nɛ kɩpɩma sakɩyɛ tɔm ndʊ pɔyɔɔdaɣ nɛ ɛcɔŋna se tɩtɔcɔlɩ yɔ. Herbert R.Lottman yɔɔdɩɣ Camus yɔɔ se ɛkɛkɛ weyi ɛtaatɩɩ wɛʊ politiki ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ taa yeli yɔ ; paa ɛɛwɛ politiki ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payawaɣ se Parti Communiste Alizeerɛɛ yɔ ɖɩ-taa pɩnzɩ naalɛ yɔ. Eeseu sɔɔndʊ you nakʊyʊ ɛsɩndaa : ɛlʊba se tɛyɩtʊ natʊyʊ ɛtaawɛɛ nɛ peniŋ malɩŋ weyi ɛwɛ Afrika nɛ kɩ-hayʊ kɩŋ mba yɔ ; pɩtasɩna Afrika mba mba anasayɩ tʊʊ nɛ ɛyaɣ-wɛ se Naŋgbanzɩ kɩkpɛdaa tɩnaa yɔ.
Ɛ-pɩcatʊ nɛ e-wezuu caɣʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Payaɣ Albert Camus caa se Lucien August Camus. Palʊlayɩ kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 wiye pɩnaɣ 1885 kɛ egetiye nɖɩ payaɣ se Ouled-Fayet yɔ ɖɩ-taa, Alizeerii tɛtʊ taa. Payaɣ ɛ-cɔzɔ se Claud Camus. Palʊla ɛlɛɛ 1809 ; nɛ ɛ-yɔɔdaɣ taa yɔ, palɩna Alsace. Lucien Camus lakɩ anasayɩ sʊlɩm tɩzʊ nɛ pɩ-kpalaba naa taa ɖʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ. Ɛ-caa kpaɣ Catherine Hélène Sintès kɛ kamɩŋ fenaɣ 13 wiye pɩnaɣ 1909 Alger tɛtʊ taa. Palʊla ɛlɛɛ Birkhadem kɛ Kamɩŋ fenaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga ka-taa kɛ-tɛ kɩyakʊ kakpanzɩ wiye pɩnaɣ 1882. E-ɖoo ɛnʊ, ɛkɛ Minorque tɛtʊ taa tʊ, Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pɩnzɩ naatozo wayɩ lɛ palʊla kacalaɣ pɩɣa nɛ paya-kɛ se Lucien Jean Etienne nɛ pɩnaɣ 1913 kɛ kamiŋ fenaɣ taa lɛ, palʊlɩ Albert Camus.
Malɩfa pɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ hiɣ-i nɛ pɩcaŋ pɩpɩsɩ-ɩ yʊlʊnzɩ nɛ Sacre-Cœur sukuli ŋgʊ papɩsɩna-kʊ ɖakʊta cikpelu yɔ. Pɩtatɩɩlabɩta kpɩtaʊ lɛ, ɛsɩ aloma fenaɣ 11 wiye pɩnɑɣ 1914. Camus tasɩ ɛ-caa ; e-foto naa nabɛyɛ ɖeke pawɩla-ɩ. Pɛsɛyɩ-ɩ ɛsɔ se ɛ-caa ɛnʊ, ɛtaatɩɩsɔɔlʊ se ɛna nɛ ɛsa pakʊʊ ɛyʊ yɔ. E-ɖoo taanɩɣ camɩyɛ nɛ ɛɛsɩŋ takayaɣ taa kaliɣ nɛ maʊ : ɛcɔŋna camɩyɛ weyi ɛyɔɔdɩɣ na-ɩ yɔ pɩcɔ ɛnɩɩnndʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣna-ɩ yɔ. Pɩcɔ nɛ pamʊ ɛ-halʊ sɔɔjɛtʊ lɛ, ɛna e-piya paawoba nɛ pacaɣ ɛ-tɛ kɛ e-ɖoo nɛ ɛ-ɖalaa pɔ-cɔlɔ. Etienne kɛ kaayɔɔdaɣ nɛ ɛlakɩ kolaa tʊmɩyɛ. Ɛnɛ e-ɖoo ɛnʊ, pataanɩɣna ɖamaa tɔm-pee nayɛ yɔɔ.
Camus ma ɛ-takayaɣ L’envers et l’endroit taa size : ‘‘Halʊ nɔɔyʊ kɛwɛna mbʊ nɛ ɛ-walʊ sɩba lɛ pɩsʊzɩ-ɩ kʊñʊntʊtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natʊyʊ siŋŋ taa. Ɛɛwɛna piya naalɛ. Ɛɛcaɣ e-ɖoo cɔlɔ ; ɛlɛɛ kʊñɔŋ tʊ lɛlʊ ; ɛ-ɖalʊ ñaakɛ nesi tɛɛ tʊmɩyɛ laɖʊ. Ɛɛlaba tʊmɩyɛ se ehiɣ nɛ ɛtɔɔ. Ɛlaba taɣ yɔɔ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ ɛɛɖʊza e-piya lɔŋ sɩzʊ kɛ e-ɖoo nesi tɛɛ. Ɛɛwɛ laŋgɩyɛ taa ɖɔŋ nɛ ɖoɖoye nɛ ɛɛwɩla e-piya lɔŋ nɛ ɖoŋ’’.
Camus kacaɣ e-kpele Gustave Acault cɔlɔ pɩɖɔɔ nɛ ɛkpaɣ ɛ-lɔŋ. Ɛwɛ francs-maçons waa ŋgbɛyɛ taa nɛ ɛ-ɛsɛ kʊlaa. Ɛsɩna e-koowu se ɛcɔna ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɛsɩ-ɩ takayasɩ ndɩ ndɩ kpou kɩpaŋgʊ taa.
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Camus laba e-sukili Alger tɛtʊ taa Alizeerii ɛjaɖe taa. Pɩnaɣ 1923 kɛ ɛ-tɛɛ wɩlɩyʊ Louis Germain na-ɩ se ɛ-ñʊʊ taa ɖɔŋ sɩŋŋŋ nɛ ɛpaazɩ-ɩ wɩlʊʊ sukili falaa. Pɩsɩŋa ɛlɛ, ɛma ɛ-hɩɖɛ se paha-ɩ liidiye (bourse). Cɩca ɛnʊ, ɛɛkɛ sɔɔja nɛ ɛɖɛɛ hɛzɩɣ. Ɛɛlaba kedeŋga kpeekpe taa kacalaɣ you. Ɛkala e-sukuli piya Roland Dorgelès takayaɣ Les de bois nɛ ka-taa tɔm pazɩ nɛ pɩɖʊkɩna Albert Camus pɩtɩɩfɛyɩ ; mbʊ pʊyɔɔyɔ peeɖe ɛɖa naʊ se you fɛyɩ ɖeu paa ñɩɩɩ.
Camus tɔzɩɣ natʊyʊ : ‘‘Fɛyɛ kpawaɣ-m nɛ kʊñɔntʊtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ma nɛ mɔ-hɔʊ taa ñɩma ɖɩɩwɛ yɔ […] ɖooo lɛ, paa anɩ ɛɛwɛ ɛzɩ ma yɔ nɛ manaa kɛlɛ se kʊñɔŋ tɩna tɛtʊ. Hɛkʊ taa sukuli sɔsɔʊ taa masɩma-tʊ mbʊ’’. Pɩtɛ alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ ɛpaaza pombo mabʊ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ pombo kpayʊ sɩŋŋŋ. Ɛtɩlɩ ñʊʊ taa lɩmaza lɔŋ weyi payaɣ se fiilosofii yɔ.
Ɛkɔma nɛ ɛpaazɩ calɩm tɔʊ lɛ, ɖakʊtanaa na pɩnaɣ 1930 se ɛwɛna kpaŋnɩkpofoo kʊdɔŋ nɛ pɩkɛna-ɩ kɩjɛyʊ se pasɩ-ɩ Mustapha ɖakʊta taa. Peeɖe pɩzɩnaa nɛ eyele pombo mabʊ. E-ekpele Acaust nɛ e-neŋ paakɛ aliikiizaŋnaa nɛ pɛwɛɛ Michelet egeetiye taa ; peeɖe pɛtɛza-ɩ wonau nɛ paha-ɩ kuduyuu. Jean Grenier naa se Camus wɛɛ nɛ ɛmaɣ takayasɩ lɛ ; ɛwɛɛ ɛɖʊ-ɩ hʊnʊm nɛ ɛsɩna-ɩ nɛ ɛtɩlɩ Nietzsche.


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Purundi
Purundi kɛna Afrɩka wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ ta ɛaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ teŋgu yaa lɩm nabʊyʊ tɔcɔɔ-ɖɩ nɛ pɩtɑa. Ɛlɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna lɩm kucomuu maŋgazɩ nakʊyʊ nɛ payaɣ-kʊ se Taaŋanɩka (Tanganyika). Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Purundi nɛ Kɔŋgoo pazɩna ɖama nɛ kamaɣ, hayi kiŋ lɛ, Rʊwandaa ɛjaɖɛ, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ ŋtalɩ hadɛ lɛ Tanzaani. Purundi tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Puzumbura.
Ɖooo pɩnzɩ 1903 taa kɛ Purundi kɛwɛ afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa hɔɔlʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ Caamawaa nesi tɛɛ yɔ nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe kacalaɣ you tɛma lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖiyele ɖɩtɔlɩ Pɛɛlɩziiki mba nesi tɛɛ. Purundi mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1962 nɛ wiyao Mwambutsa naanza ñɩnʊ kacalɩna wɛʊ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-nɔɔ yɔɔ. Ɛɛwɛna paɣtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ tɩɩkɩla eyaa ɖɔŋ nɛ pɩkɔma pɩnzɩ naalɛ wayɩ lɛ, paɖɩzɩ-tʊ.
Ageeta wena payawaɣ se Tʊʊtʊsɩ nɛ Huutusi yɔ pataanaɣ-ɖama nɛ ɛsɩyɛ nɛ ayou paa ɖooye. Ageeta ana aatɛma you ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1960 nɛ pɩnzɩ 12 wayɩ lɛ, pɔkɔɔ patasɩ you kpem nɛ ɛyaa mba pehiu sɩm yɔ pɛɖɛ ɛzɩ kotukiŋ hiŋ sakɩyɛ mbʊ yɔ.
Tʊʊtʊsɩ nɛ Huutusi pɛ-tɛ ɖama kɩɩnɩnaʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɔma kɩtasɩ tuluu 1970 nɛ 1980 piyebina nɛ you nakʊyʊ ñalɩɩ samaɣ kpeekpe hɛkʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1993. You ŋgʊ kɩɩpaɣzaa lɛ, Hutʊsi mba po-koyindina sakiyɛ ɛlɛ panɛ pakʊyɩ pasɩŋ pa-naŋgbanzɩ yɔɔ nɛ pɔtɔyɩtɩ Tʊʊtʊsɩ mba nɛ pɩcaɣ pʊdɔdɩyɛ: Huutusi mba sɩba ɛzɩ ɛyaa kutokiŋ 50 000 yaa 100 000 mbʊ yɔ. Pɩsa nɛ paa-anɩ ɛlaŋɩyɛ hɛɛ pazɩ lɛ, pakpaɣ paɣtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ pɩwɛɛ se pɩnaɣ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ wayɩ lɛ Tʊʊtʊsɩ nɛ Huutusi waa lɛ pakpakɩɣ kpelaɣ nɛ pakazɩɣ ɖama.


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Moozambiki
Moozambiki kɛna Afrika wɩsɩ rɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ajɛya wena acɔ Moozambiki nɛ ata yɔ, anaa yɔ: Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ, Suwaaziilandɩ, Madakasɩkarɩ, Sɩmbaabuwe, Sambii, Malawii nɛ Tanzaanii.
Ɖooo lɛ Pɔrɩtiigaalɩ kakpacayaɣna-ɖɩ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ ajɛya wena anɩɣ nɛ ayɔɔdɩɣ pɔrɩtiigaalɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ a-ŋgbɛɛ taa nɛ wena anɩɣ nɛ fransɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ a-taa ɖɔɖɔ pɩtasɩna wena alɛ ñanɩɣ nɛ ayɔɔdɩɣ angilisi ɖɔɖɔ yɔ.
Pɔyɔɔdɩɣ se ɖooo lɔŋ taa lɛ Muwaayɛnaazɩ taa kɛ tada laɖaa ndɩ ndɩ kataɣ peeɖe nɛ pɛpɛdɩɣ po-wondu. Kpɩyʊʊ sayʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ, Ibn Shahriyar, ñeɖiu aseɖe se Aarabɩ tadɩyɛ-tʊ nɔɔyʊ, Lakis, na pɩnaɣ 945 taa kɛ kpɩyʊʊ nakʊyʊ tɩsa ɛyaa kutokiŋ kutokiŋ kɛ Moozambiki kidiiliŋ yɔɔ nɛ pɛkɛ Waa-Waa mba nɛ palɩna Siini hɔɔlɩʊ. Ɛyaa mba pañɩnaɣ kɔ nɛ Afrika taa yomaa.
Pɩkɔma nɛ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1498 ɛlɛ Pɔrɩtiigaalɩ-tʊ weyi payaɣ-se Vasco da Gama yɔ ɛtalɩ peeɖe. Nɛ pɩpaazɩ mbʊ hɛɛɛ hɛɛɛ nɛ Pɔrɩtiigaalɩ mba tɔyɩ pɛeɖe. Pakpacaya Moozambiki pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ kagbaanzɩmbilim yɔ.
Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1976 nɛ 1992 taa yoŋ ɖeke wɛna nɛ ɛyaa ɛzɩ miliyɔɔ yɔ sɩ. Pʊwayɩ yɔ laŋhɛzɩyɛ paazɩ kɔm pazɩ pazɩ.


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Maka
Maka kɛna Arabii-Sahʊditi ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ nɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ nɛ teŋu ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se Pɔɔ Kɩsɛɛmaɣ yɔ nɛ kilomɛtanaa 80. Malɩŋ cɔlɔ lɛ peeɖe palʊla ɛsɔ tiiyu weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Mohamet yɔ nɛ pɩɩkɛ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ looɖo taa. Maka kɛna-wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɖenɖe pɩkɛna kɩcɛyʊ kɛ paa malʊʊ ŋgʊ lɛ se kɩɖɔ nʊmɔʊ kɩɖeɖeu nɛ payaɣ elewu kɛ pɛ nɛ pɩwayɩ lɛ pasʊlɩmɩ Ala kɛ ñɩm mbʊ pɔsɔɔla yɔ. Paaɖɔŋ pa-nʊmɔʊ kiɖeɖeu lɛ, pɔcɔʊ pɩyɛ kiɖeɖeye naɖɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Kaaba nɛ kɩwɛ mɔsikee ŋgʊ payaɣ se Masjid Al-Haram yɔ (pʊtɔbʊ se mɔsikee kiɖeɖeu).
Malɩŋ cɔlɔ lɛ pɩtɛ sɔnzɩ nzɩ sɩñɔ pɔ-cɔzɔ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Ibrahim yɔ ɛ-cɔlɔ nɛ pɩtaha nɔɔyʊ nʊmɔʊ se ɛñɔtɩna Kaaba ŋgʊ yee ɛtɛkɛ malʊʊ kɔyɔ. Malɩŋ tɛ paɣtʊ taa lɛ pɩkɛna paa malʊ ŋgʊ lɛ kɩjɛyʊ se kɩɖɔ nɔmɔʊ kiɖeɖeu ŋgʊ tam kʊɖʊmbʊ e-wezu taa yee ɛpɩzʊ kɔyɔ. Maka tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Arabii-Sauditi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa nɛ tɩwɛ Hɛjajɩ nɛ Aziri pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Teŋu kidiiliŋ ŋga payaɣ-kʊ se Ceda yɔ kiposina tɛtʊ ndʊ nɛ kilomɛtanaa ɛzɩ 80 yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊ lɛ ɛyaa kpɛnda 1 547 360.
Tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩɖɛɣʊ nɛ ɛsɩnda kpem yɔ pɩlɩɣna nɔmɔʊ kiɖeɖeu ŋgʊ malɩŋ ɖɔŋ paa pɩnaɣ ŋga yɔ. Peeɖe ɛyaa pɩzɩɣ patalɩ miliyɔɔnaa naalɛ pɩkɩlɩna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Ramadaŋ fenaɣ talɩɣ lɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛyaa lɩɣna ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ se powoki atima. Malɩŋ wokɩɣ maka yɔ papɩsɩɣ nɛ pekpe lɛ papɩsa aljiwaa yaa pɩkɛ halaa kɔyɔ papɩsɩʊ aziyawaa. Maka wobu wɛ kaɖɛ; pɩpɔzʊ liidiye siŋŋŋ.
Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa Malɩŋ weyi ewoba yɔ pamaɣna ɛzɩ milɩyɔɔnaa naatozo ɖeke yɔ, ŋgʊ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ malɩŋ tala ɛzɩ miliyari kʊɖʊmʊ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ yɔ. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se Malɩŋ mɩnʊʊ yɔɔ lɛ, 0,2 ɖeke wobina-kʊ. Kaaba kɩ-kʊyɩmɩŋ taa maɣna mɛtanaa hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ (15) nɛ Malɩŋ tɔŋ se kacalaɣ weyi ɛsɔ lɩza nɛ paya-ɩ se Adam ɛnʊ ɛmana kaaba ŋgʊ nɛ pʊcɔ Ibrahim nɛ ɛ-pɩyalʊ Ismaïl.


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Ɖɩɣa
Kabɩyɛ taa, pʋcɔ ɛyʋ ma ɖɩɣa lɛ, esiki kpooluu lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛcaɣ maʋ ɛ-ɖɩya yɔ. Kpooluu ŋgʋ kɩwɛɛ peeɖe pʋkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna alɩwaatʋ ndʋ pɛtɛma ɖɩɣa maʋ yɔ.
Pacalɩɣna kuduyuu kʋsʋsʋʋ cikpeluu nakʋyʋ maʋ nɛ abalʋ sʋʋ kɩ-tɛɛ ɖoho naayɛ cabɩ. Yee eɖo camɩyɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛsʋʋ kɩ-tɛɛ yɔ, pʋbʋ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛma kuduyuŋ weyi ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se lone nɖɩ, ɖɩwɛ ɖeu. Feziŋ kɩdɛkɛdɩŋ fɛyɩ ɖɩ-taa.
Kabɩyɛ taa lɛ, paa ɖɩɣa ŋga kɛwɛna ka-kpaaŋ.
Kpaaŋ wɛ wazaɣ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ kabɩyɛ kuduyuŋ maʋ taa. Kpaaŋ taa ɖɩnaɣ hakiŋ nɛ kitiɣu. Yolum taa pɛmɛɛzɩɣ kitiɣui kpaaŋ taa. Ndene wɛ wazaɣ ɖɔɖɔ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ kpaaŋ taa. Yee tɛʋ ɛkpa ɛyʋ nʋmɔʋ taa nɛ ɛtalɩ ɖɩɣa nakɛyɛ cɔlɔ yɔ, kpaaŋ taa ɛcɔzʋʋ.
Hɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ pɩzɩɣ pɩwɛɛ ɖɩɣa sɔsaɣ taa. Payaɣ ɖɩɣa ŋga ka-taa nɔɔyʋ fɛyɩ yɔ se njɛyɛ.


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Mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ wɛʋ
Anjaʋ waa nabɛyɛ mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ wɛʋ kɛna lɛɣtʋ ndʋ, tɩwazaɣ kɛlɛ size aseɣɖe yaa mɔŋgɔmajɔnaʋʋ tɩnaa nabɛyɛ ɛna cɛzɩm yaa cɛtɩm taa mbɩ yɔ kɛ ɛyaa mba peciɣdiɣ yaa paaciɣduu patɩ nɛ payaɣ wɛ size mɛmvɛyɩ mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ waa yɔ. Pɩtɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛyaa mba pɛwɛʋ ɛzɩ anjaʋ waa yɔ.
Mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ samaɣ ŋga, kɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ, mba pata wɛɛ tɔlɩm nɛ pɛwɛ ɛzɩ, kɩlɛmɩŋ yaa anjaʋ waa yɔ. Mba papɩzɩʋ pala mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ ndʋ yɔ, pɛkɛ mba pɛwɛna wezuu, piciɣdɩɣ nɛ pɔɖɔŋ powolo nɛ pɔkɔ nɛ papɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ, pala kaayɔɔdasɩ laɣsɩ yɔ.
Hʋnʋ hʋnʋ yaa hʋnʋm laɣsɩ tɩna panɛ, pɛkɛ yɔɔdɩyaa siŋŋ tɩna nabɛyɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Kɩyakʋ lɩʋ yaa kɩyakʋ suu kɛ ɖɔɖɔ mbʋ ɖɩya size mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ yɔ. Hʋna hʋna lakasɩ yaa mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ paɖaɣna lɛɣzɩnaʋ sinimaɣ.
Sinimaɣ kʋnɛ kʋkʋʋ lɛ, kɩɖanɩʋ wɩlɩʋ mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ tʋnɛ kɛ, takayaɣ nakɛyɛ yɔɔ. Samaɣ caɣ kilingli nɛ kɔcɔŋna mbʋ pɩɖɩɩna labʋ yaa mbʋ pɩlaba nɛ pɩɖɛɣ yɔ.


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John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keynes, palʊla-ɩ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 5 pɩnaɣ 1883 kɛ Cambridge tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛsɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 21 pɩnaɣ 1946 taa kɛ Firle tɛtʊ taa. Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛɛkɛ tɔsʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ laɖʊ, tʊmɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ tʊ nɛ takayasɩ kɩmamasɩ tʊ Pritaniki ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ kʊyɩ kedeŋga kpeekpe taa.
Ɛɛkɛ pɩɣaevelo yem mbʊ yɔ, ɛtɛm wɛnaʊ pɩzɩtʊ sakɩyɛ, pɩ-nɛ takayaɣ ŋga ɛma pɩlɩna Versaille tɛ nɩnaʊ lɩmaɣza yɔ ŋga paya kɛ se laŋhɛzɩyɛ tɔsʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ kazʊwa yɔ, ŋga posusa kɔ-tɔm pɩnaɣ 1919 taa nɛ saʊlaa tɔm takayasɩ nɛ evemiye taa tɔm takayasɩ. Ɛ-kajalaɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kaakɛ cenji nɩnaʊ tɔm takayaɣ. Ɛ-tʊma sakɩyɛ kaakɛ paakpekiɣ tʊma mʊ sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ nɛ kɛzɛɣa nɛ cenji tɔm (pɩnaɣ 1936 alɩwaatʊ taa.
Palʊla John Maynard Keynes kɛ sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ liɖe ndɩ ɖɩkɛ ñɩm liɖe. Ɛ-caa kaakɛ John Neville Keynes, ɛnʊ kaakɛna ketiizasi ñʊŋ tʊ kɛ Cambridge sukuli kɛtɛzʊʊ taa ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ takayaɣ ŋga kawɩlɩ ɛzɩma pɛkpɛlɛkɩ tɔsʊʊ labʊ yɔ tɛ mayʊ, takayaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Ɛnglɩsɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se The Scope and Method of Political Economy, palɩzɩ-kɛ pɩnaɣ 1890 alɩwaatʊ taa. E-ɖoo payaɣ se John Maynard, Florence Ada Brown.
Pekpeɣkuu se hɩɖɛ Keynes lɩna Cahagnes Normandi taa. Cahagnes ñalɩna latɛŋ pɩtɛɛ ñɩŋgʊ taa casnus. Pɩlɩna hɔʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ mbʊ Keynes laba yɔ lɛ, ɛna se Chagnes tɛ William lʊlɩna-ɩ, ɛɛkɛ Guillaume ɛgbaɣtʊ nɔyʊ. Ɛnglɩsɩ tɛ kpɛlɩ lɛzɩtʊ yɔɔ kpaɣɖʊ 17 alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, ɛ-hɔʊ kaakɛ katoliki ɛyaa nɛ kɩ-taa ɛyaa sakɩyɛ pɩsɩ Yeesuu ɛgbaɣtɩnaa kɛlɛ pɛcɛtɩ kɩ-yɔɔ tɔm nɛ pamɩlɩ kɩ-ñɩm tɩŋga payi.


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Pamakoo
Pamakoo kɛŋna Maalii ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ nɛ tɩ-taa kɛ komina nɛ politiki tʊma sɔsɔna wɛɛ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Nizɛɛrɩ Pɔɔ cɔlɔ kpam nɛ payaɣ-tʊ se Joliba pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se Calɩm pɔɔ. Pamakoo tɛtʊ wɛ piyisi nasɩyɛ hɛkʊ taa nɛ tɩɖaalakɩŋ taa wɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 22 nɛ topoyuu taa lɛ pɩmaɣna ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 12 piyele kɩ-walanzɩ taa talɩɣ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa agbaba 267.
Pamakoo tɛtʊ taa lakʊ sʊsɔʊ nakʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-kʊ se Kuluba. Pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2009 taa lɛ, pɛkpɛndɩ 2 009 109. Ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2014 taa lɛ ɛyaa kpɛnda 3 007 122. Afrika ajɛya tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ kpeekpe taa payɩ lɛ, Pamakoo tɛtʊ taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩlʊʊ ɖɔʊ nɛ pɩkɛ keteŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ kɔyɔ, ndʊ lɛ looɖo ñɩndʊ.
Pamakoo tɛtʊ wɛna ageeta ndɩ ndɩ nɛ tɛtʊ tɩ-yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ payaɣ se Adama Sangaré.


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Room Ampiiri Kiɖeɖeu (Saint-Empire Romain)
Room Kiɖeɖeu ajɛjɛ pajaɣ mañʊʊ yɔɔ anaa ɖɩyaɣ se Room Ampiiri Kiɖeɖeu, pɩkɛ politiki tɛtʊ kikpelitu Erɔpʊ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ hɛkʊ taa kɛ Alɩwaatʊ Kɩmaɣnatʊ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ndɩ Room Wɩyaʊ sɔsɔ kaakɛna ɖɩ-ñʊʊtʊ ɛlɛ, ɖeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ ɖɩɖɩma.
Ɖɩgbakaɣ ɖɩ-tɩ kpaɣna kpaɣɖʊ 10 alɩwaatʊ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɖɩ-tɛ ɖɩmtʊ pɩlɩna Napoléon yɔɔ yɔ, ɛzɩ paɣtʊ yɔɔ ɖɔnʊ weyi ɛpɩzɩɣ ɖɛnɛʊ nɛ ɛsɩnda Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa Krɩstʊ ñɩma tɛ Ampiiri yɔ ɛlɛ ɖɔɖɔ Room Ampiiri. Yʊsʊʊ tɔmʊʊ Kiɖeɖeʊ paɣzɩna Frédéric Barberousse kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa ( petisi tʊyɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1157 taa) se pɩsa pɩkɛ kewiyaɣ taa Ɛsɔ pɩyʊ tɛ paɣtʊ.
Payawaɣ-kʊ kpaɣɖʊ 16 ŋtalɩ 18 alɩwaatʊ taa se Room tetoniki tɛtʊ Kiɖeɖetu tɛ Ampiiri (nationis Teutonicae), nɛ kɩwɛ ɛzɩ Caama yɔ, yaa kɩɖɩma wayɩ lɛ, canaʊ takayaasɩ taa kɛ kpaɣɖʊ 20 alɩwaatʊ taa payaɣ-kʊ se Room nɛ Caama tɛ Ampiiri Kiɖeɖeu. Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, latin Sacrum Imperium Romanum nɛ Caama kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Heiliges Römisches Reich nɛ Itaali taa lɛ, Sacro Romano Impero nɛ Néerlandais kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Sacro Romano Impero.
Paañɔɔza Ampiiri Kiɖeɖeu walanzɩ nɛ kɩ-tɛ kamasɩ sakɩyɛ taa kpaɖɩŋ sakɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ taa. Kɩ-tɛ walanzɩ sɔsɔtʊ wɛɛɛ taa Ampiiri ŋgʊ kaatɩna sɔnɔ Erɔpʊ hɛkʊ taa ŋgʊ nɛ [[Peeyibaa][ nɛ Pɛlɩzɩkɩ nɛ Lukizambuuri nɛ Suwiisi nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Fransɩɩ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɛ nɛ Itaali. Kɩ-caanaʊ tɛ tɔm nɛ kɩ-ɛsakuluye kɛ ñɩm mbʊ Erɔpʊ ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ tayʊʊ nɔnɔ yɔ.
Kpaɣna 18 alɩwaatʊ hɛkʊ taa Ampiiri ɛtasɩɣ pɩzɩɣ se kɩɖaŋ kɩ-ɛyaa yɔ pɩlɩna politika lɩmaɣza mbʊ se pɩtaa nɛ pɩwayi ajɛyɛ ɛwalɩ yɔ. Mbʊ yɔɔ yɔɔ kɩtɔla. Napoléon yoŋ wabɩtʊ nɛ ajɛyɛ nɔɔ kʊyʊmaɣ labʊ Rhin pɔɔ yɔɔ wɩlɩɣ ɛzɩma Ampiiri hɩɣ ɛjandʊ yɔ.
Room Ampiiri Kiɖeɖeu mʊʊ pɩnaɣ 1806 [[kɩyɛna fenaɣ[[ kɩyaakʊ 6 ŋgʊ wiye alɩwaatʊ ndʊ wiyaʊ Francois 2 tʊ hɔza e-kewiyitʊ hʊla nɛ ɛsɩ yɔ se ɛtatasɩ kɛʊ [[Otirisi][ wiyaʊ yɔ nɛ ɛzɩ Ferdinand Lot ñamaʊ, pɩnaɣ 1806 kɩyaakʊ 6 ŋgʊ wiye kɩyɛna fenaɣ taa se kɩyaakʊ ŋgʊ Francois 2 kɩza ɛ-maɣmaɣ Room Ampiiri kewiyitʊ, pɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ evemiye ndɩ kɛ Room Ampiiri sɩba.


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Mɛɛrkiiri (Mercure)
Mɛɛrkiiri kɛna wɩsɩ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga. Tɩyɩŋga kɛna ŋga kɩlɩna wɩsɩ ñɔtɩnaʊ kpam. Mɛɛrkiiri kɛŋna wɩsɩ cɔʊʊ taŋgalam yɔ pɩ-tɩyɩŋga ŋga pʊtɔyɩna-kɛ hɩlɩmaɣ yɔ.
Katakɩlɩ tɛtʊ posinaʊ nɛ ɛzɩma kɔñɔtɩna tɛtʊ yɔ pɩmaɣna ɛzɩ 0,3075 nɛ 0,4667 UA yɔ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se ɛzɩma tɩyɩŋga ŋga koposinau nɛ wɩsɩ cɔʊ kpayaɣ hɛkʊ yɔ pɩmaɣna ɛzɩ O,2056 yɔ. Posinau pɔnɛ pɩɖaɣla pɩkɩlana tɛtʊ kɛ tam hiu nɛ naalɛ. Tɛtʊ cɔʊʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga kɛnɛ papɩzɩɣ pana-kɛ nɛ ɛsɛ pee anɛ ɖooo tataa cɩnɛ pɩsɩna ɖaɣlakɩŋ hɛkʊ taa faaʊ ciŋga nɛ pɩtalɩɣ ɛzɩ tɛlm kɛlɛmwaa 4,5 nɛ 13 yɔ.
Tɩyɩŋga kɛnɛ ka-ñɩlɩnzʊʊ taa talɩ ɛzɩ 5,7 nɛ 2,3 yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩcaɣ kaɖɛ sɩŋŋŋ se pana-kɛ paa ɛzɩm taa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ tɩŋga kanɛ kakɩla wɩsɩ ñɔtɩnaʊ nɛ wɩsɩ calasɩɣ ɛyaa ɛsɛ. Merkuri wɛna kɩ-nɖɩ nɛ wɩsɩ cɔʊʊ taŋgalam yɔ tɩyɩŋzɩ lɛɛsɩ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kɩ-tɛ kpayaɣ hɛkʊ taa cɔɔʊ pɩnaɣ taa yɔ pɩmakɩɣna ɛzɩ afema 87,646 yɔ.
Tɩyɩnga kanɛ kɛ-tɛ sizika taa kɩlɩna wɛʊ kpɛɛlɛ kpɛɛlɛ tɩyɩnzɩ lɛɛsɩ nɛ pɩ-tɛ cɔʊ taa ɛɛtalɩɣ camɩyɛ kɛ cɛcɛsɩ naalɛ. Mɛɛrkiiri wɛna tɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ tɛtʊ cɔʊʊtɩyɩŋzɩ nzɩ payaɣ se Feeniisi, Tɛtʊ nɛ Maarsi yɔ. Tɛtʊ cɔʊʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga ŋga payaɣ se Tɛtʊ yɔ kakɩla Mɛrkurɩ kɛ paɣlʊʊ ɛzɩ tam naputozo yɔ nɛ tam nɛɛlɛ kɛ hɩlɩmaaɣ tɔm taa. Mɛrkurɩ wɛ kuluŋkulu ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ wɩsɩ cɔʊʊtaŋgalam tɩyɩŋga ŋga payaɣ se Feenuusi yɔ.
Room mba tɛ sɔdɩŋ tɔm kpɛlɛkɩtʊ taa lɛ, wɩsɩ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga kanɛ ka-hɩɖɛ lɩna sɩʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Mɛɛrkiiri yɔ kɩ-taa. Sɩʊ ŋgʊ kɩcɔŋnana tadɩyɛ labʊ yɔɔ nɛ sɩwaa lalaa yɔɔ tɔm tɩlɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ. Tɩyɩŋga kanɛ ŋga cɛlɩna ka-hɩɖɛ kɛ kpɩtaʊ taa kɩykʊ naatozo ŋgʊ nɛ payaɣ-kʊ nɛ fransɩ taa se mɛɛrkredii.


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Ruusii
Kewiyisi ndɩ ndɩ kpɛndɩna nɛ pɛkɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ kɩlɩna walʊʊ kedeŋa yɔɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa pakalɩ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ samaɣ ñʊʊ, nɛ pa-tɩlɩ se kɛkpɛndɩ miiliyɔɔwaa 146 nɛ ɛyaa kagbaanzɩ. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Aazii tɛtʊ nɛ hayi kiŋ nɛ Erɔpʋ ñɩndʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa.
Yee pɛtɛyɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnɩʊ yɔ, hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩnʊwa nɛ nɩɩlɛ nɛ naanza nɛ pɩsɔzɩ pʊ-yɔɔ pazɩ ( 74,5) wɛ Azii tɛtʊ taa nɛ hɔɔlɩŋ Nɩɩlɛ nɛ kagbaanzɩ nɛ pʊsɔzɩ pʊ-yɔɔ pazɩ (23,3) ñɛwɛɛ Erɔpʊ tɛtʊ taa. Kpaɣna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ puwolo pɩtalɩ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se kpaɣna Kaliningrad tɛtʊ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩnɩ Vladivostok ñɩndʊ lɛ, Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ ɖaɣlaa pɩtalɩ kilomɛtanaa 9000 nɛ pɩɖɛɛ pʊ-yɔɔ.
Nɛ kɩwalɩ pɩtalɩ kilomɛtanaa miiliyɔɔwaa hiu nɛ lʊbɛ yɔɔ. Kɩwɛna alɩwaatʊ nimasi hiu nɛ kʊɖʊm. Ruusii tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ lɛ Mɔsɩkuu (Moscou). Rusɩɩ kʊnʊŋ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ taa. «Ruublɩ» (rouble) kɛŋna Ruusii liidiye pɔɔyaɣ. Teŋgunaa nɛ lɩŋgamɩŋ pɔcɔ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ nɛ pɩta.
Ruusii tɛtɛɛ ñɩm ɖɔ sakɩyɛ. Tɛtɛɛ ñɩm mbʊ pɩ-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ mbʊ payaɣ se uuyi (houille) yɔ nɛ fɛɛrɩ (fer) nɛ nikɛɛli (nickel) nɛ tiyamaɣ (diamant) nɛ kaɖazɩm nɛ kaazɩ (gaz) nɛ latriki miŋ weyi palabɩna lɩm yɔ. Pɩtɛkɛ piɖeke, tɛtɛɛ ñm lɛɛbʊ sɛɣa. Ñɩm ndɩ ndɩ pʊnɛ piyebina nɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖoŋ ñɩnɖɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ. Ɖoŋ ɛnʊ eyekina nɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ mʊʊ tɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ.
Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1980 ɖɩtɛnɖɛ nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1990 kɔyɔ, ɖɩna se Ruusii kapaɣsa lɛɣzɩ. Kʊ-ɖoŋ lɩɣna tadɩyɛ cɔlɔ. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ kpaɣ ɖɩ-tɩ se nɖɩ kɛŋna Erɔpʊ tɛtʊ nɛ Azii ñɩndʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa kondoloko. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ wɛ BRICS ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Ajɛya wena awɛ ɖɔɖɔ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa yɔ ana yɔ : Siini nɛ Ɛɛndɩ nɛ Afrɩka nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Presiili.
Pɩnaɣ 1913 ñɩŋga taa pañɩnaa se patɩlɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ajɛya wena a-tɔsʊʊ kɩlɩ wobunaʊ ɛsɩndaa yɔ. Pãnɩnaa lɛ, pana se ajɛya lʊbɛ ɖeke tɔsʊʊ kɩlɩna Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ tɔsʊʊ ɖɛʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa. Tadɩyɛ nʊmɔʊ taa lɛ, ajɛya kagbaanzɩ ɖeke wɛna Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ ɛsɩndaa.


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Ɖomba kpada kpada
Ɖomba kpada kpada kɛna lɩm falɩyɛ. Pʋwɛ tomnaɣ tɩyɛ. Ɖomba kpada kpada cɛkɩ nɛ atikina pʋʋ yɔɔ. Atiki kpilaa kpilaa. Awɛ paɣ paɣ. Anidiɣ ɖɩŋɖɩŋ.
Tɛŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɣ lɛ ɖomba kpada kpada ana atiki siŋŋ. Ɖomba lɩm falɩyɛ kɛna kodudaɣ pɩyʋ mbʋ payaɣna Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size "aléa" yɔ. Ɖomba anɛ a-tɛ helim wɛ fiii fiii nɛ akɔŋna asɛyɩŋ sakɩyɛ. Ɖomba kpada kpada kɔŋna kaɖɛ siŋŋ ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩm yɔɔ. Alɩɣna pʋŋ sɔsɔŋ nɛ cikpeŋ yɔɔ yem kiɖi kiɖi. Acaɣ ɖoŋ siŋŋ. Ɖomba kpada kpada n̄ɩna anɛ, alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa pɩlakɩ kiɖi nɛ pɩpazɩ tibu nɛ pʋŋ yɔɔ lɛ, pɩwɛɛkɩɣ wondu sakɩyɛ. Ɖomba kpada kpada kɔŋna kɛgbɛdasɩ nzɩ yɔ, sɩɖɔ pɩŋŋ.
Ɖomba kpada kpada tɛ ɖoŋ pɩzɩɣ piseɣ tɩŋ. Pɩpɩzɩɣ pʋkʋ tɛtɛ kpɩna nɛ wondu lɛɛtʋ sakɩyɛ.
Pɔyɔɔdʋʋ ɖomba kpada kpada tɔm lɛ, pɩcaɣ paa weyi lɛ sɔɔndʋ, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, ɖomba kpada kpada kɛ pʋyʋ kaɖɛ n̄ɩmbʋ siŋŋ. Ɖomba ana, akʋʋ ɛyaa mba pɩnaɣ taa yɔ, pɛfɛyɩ kalʋʋ. Kedeŋa n̄ɩm ɖɔɖɔ leki sakɩyɛ pɩlɩna ɖomba kpada kpada tibuu yɔɔ. Ɖomba kpada kpada anɛ, awɛ paa pʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋ-yɔɔ.
Pɩfɛyɩ tɛm paa wiɖiyi. Ɖomba anɛ, awɛ kpɛzɛlɛɛ ɛzɩ pʋyʋ kɩkpaɣm yɔ. Pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩwadɩ nɛ puhuzi ɖɛsɩ yaa kuduyuŋ sakɩyɛ yɔɔ. Kedeŋa tɛtʋ yɔɔ n̄ɩm tɔm tʋmɩyɛ kpɛlɛkɩyaa n̄ɩnɩyaa sakɩyɛ cɛyɩ pa-tɩ nɛ pan̄ɩnɩ mbʋ palʋbɩna pɩtɛ kɛgbɛdasɩ nzɩ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, paapɩzɩɣ paɖɩɣ pɩ-tɛ lakasɩ nzɩ kaʋ.


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One World Trade Center
Kuduyuu One World Trade Center yaa 1 World Trade Center yaa 1 WTC kɛna kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ sɔnɔ n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ paɖana yaʋ hɩɖɛ size Freedom Tower kɛ ɖɩ-tʋma ɖɩpaɣzɩyɛ alɩwaatʋ taa yɔ. Kɩkɛ sɔnɔ kuduyuu keɣkeɣ n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ pama-kʋ nɛ ndɩ yɔ. World Trade Center kuduyuu kʋnɛ, kɩwɛ ndɩ-kʋ kpem kɛ kɩmatʋ taa kɛ Lower Manhattan kɛ Niyuu Yɔrɩkɩ egeetiye taa kɛ Etaazuunii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, kuduyuu One World Trade Center yaa 1 World Trade Center kʋnɛ, kɩkɛ ɛsɔ mɩnʋʋ tɛ ɛsɔdaa kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩkɩlaɣ kʋyʋʋ siŋŋ yɔ. Kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ kʋnɛ, ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩna kɩ-taa, kuduyuŋ cikpeŋ yaa ɛsɔdaa kuduyuŋ ɛzɩ mɩnʋʋ nɛ nanaaza (104 étages) mbɩ yɔ.
Nɛ payaɣ ɛsɔdaa kuduyuŋ mɩnʋʋ kuduyuu kʋnɛ yɔ ɖɔɖɔ size One World Trade Center ɛzɩ kɩ-ɖaɣʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋkʋ kaɣwɛ hayuu kiŋ nɛ World Trade Center yɔ. Paa yɔka kʋ-kʋ wayɩ lɩʋ alɩwaatʋ taa kɛ evemiye 11 wiye salaŋ fenaɣ taa. Pɩɩkɛ pɩnaɣ 2011 taa kɛ wayɩ lɩʋ you ŋgʋ kɩlakaɣ. One World Trade Center kuduyuu kʋnɛ, kɩwɛna hayuu nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kiŋ kʋlɔmʋʋ taa nɛ World Trade Center lone kɩpanɖɛ taa.
Kɩ-walanzɩ taa talɩɣ ɛzɩ ɛkɩtaaɖɩwaa 6,5 mbɩ yɔ. Ki-lone wɛ kɩpɩnʋʋ 6 World Trade Center lone taa keɣkeɣ. ŋsɩŋka kuduyuu kʋnɛ kɩ-hɛkʋ taa kɔyɔ, ŋna size, ki-hayuu kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, ŋlosuu egeetiye nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Vesey Street yɔ; nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kiŋ lɛ, ŋna West Street egeetiye; Kuduyuu kʋnɛ, kɩ-hadɛ kiŋ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ Fulton Street egeetiye lone nɛ pɩtɛzɩna Washington Street egeetiye nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kiŋ.
Kuduyuu kʋnɛ, kɩ-matʋ tɛ tigiɖe nɛ ki-tigilaɣ tɩŋgɛ paɣza evemiye 27 kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 2006 taa. Evemiye 30 n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ lakɩŋ fenaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2009 taa lɛ, ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Port Authority of New York and New Jersey yɔ, ɖɩ-kʋlaɣ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩlɩ kalaɣ size pɩɩkɩlaɣ ɖeu size, kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ kʋnɛ, paɣtɩlɩ kɩ-hɩɖɛ camɩyɛ ɛzɩ paɣtʋ pɔzʋʋ yɔ; ɛlɛ pɩtaakɛ ɛzɩ paɖanɩɣ yaʋ size Freedom Tower yɔ.
One World Trade Center kuduyuu kʋnɛ, pɛtɛŋga-kʋ maʋʋ nɛ asiyee wɛtʋ lɛ, pɩɩkɛ evemiye 30 wiye kɛ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ aalɩwaatʋ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2012 taa. Agoza fenaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2014 taa mbɩ yɔ kɛ evemiye 10 n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɛtɛza sɩʋ kpaɣkpaɣ nʋmɔʋ wɩlʋʋ kpenzelaɣ ɖɩɖʋyɛ. Kpenzelaɣ ŋga ke-yebina nɛ patɩlɩ size One World Trade Center kɛna kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ nanaaza ŋgʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɩlaɣ kʋyʋʋ kpem kɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ cɩnɛ yɔ.


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Miguel de Cervantes
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Ɛsɩpan̄ɔlɩ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa ɛyʋ yaa ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa tʋ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛwɛna tandaʋ siŋŋ yɔ. Abalʋ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛfɛyɩ felendu kpataa yaa kaʋ yɔ. Palʋla ɖajaa sɔsɔ Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ɛnʋ kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ yaa hiŋ naalɛ nɛ nakʋ (29) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1547 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Egeetiye yaa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa palʋla ɖajaa Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ɛnʋ yɔ, ndʋ payaɣ size Alcalá de Henares tɛtʋ kɛ Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Ɛkɛ n̄amtʋ pɩɣa kɛ ɛ-taabalaa nɛ ɛ-samaɣ ŋga ɛwɛ ka-taa yɔ kɛ-sɩnda. Ɛkɛ pɩɣa ŋga kɛwɛ lɛɣtʋ siŋŋ yɔ.
Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra sɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ kɩyakʋ yaa evemiye hiŋ naalɛ yaa nɛɛlɛ nɛ naalɛ (28) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1616 n̄ɩŋga taa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ Japɔŋ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa.
Kooka yaa egeetiye lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛsɩba yɔ nɖɩ-ɩ payaɣ size Maadiriidi. Sakɩyɛ sɩma-ɩ siŋŋ nɛ ɛ-tʋma sakɩyɛ sɔsɔna kɩlabʋʋ. Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra kɛ maɣzɩm takayasɩ kɩkalasɩ mayʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ koowa maɖʋ siŋŋ tʋ nɔɔyʋ kɛ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ Ɛsɩpan̄ɩ ta peɖe. Ɛkɛ maɣzɩm takayasɩ kɩkalasɩ mayʋ kpim kpim.
Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ɛnɛ, ɛ-hɩɖɛ kʋyɩ siŋŋ pɩlɩɩna ɛmaɣzɩm takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ ŋga payaɣ kɛ Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche" yɔ, posusaɣ kalɩʋ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1605. Takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ ŋga patɩla sɩze, kɛkɛ kajalaɣ yaa kɔɔnɔɔ maɣzɩm takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ kɛ wɛɛ kɩfaɖɛ alɩwaatʋ taa.
Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Cervantes kaasɔɔla n̄ɛlʋʋ siŋŋ. Ɛsʋʋwaa n̄ɩtʋ pɩtatɩ-ɩ fɛyɩ naʋ. Ɛlaba sɔɔjɛtʋ tʋmɩyɛ, nɛ ɛla you ŋgʋ payaɣ size Lépante tɛ you yɔ, kɛ pɩnaɣ 1571 n̄ɩŋga taa. You kɩ-taa ɖajaa sɔsɔ Cervantes lɩmɩyɛ nesi camaɣ. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size ɛ-lɩmɩyɛ nesi yeba tʋmɩyɛ labʋʋ.
E-nesi camʋʋ yɔɔ paya-ɩ hɩɖɛ yaa pasʋyɩ hɩɖɛ size «Manchot de Lépante». Salaŋ fenaɣ efemiye yaa kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ yaa hiŋ naalɛ nɛ loɖo (26) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1575 n̄ɩŋga taa ɛpɩsaɣ ɛ-jaɖɛ Ɛsɩpan̄ɩ taa mbɩ yɔ lɛ pakpa-ɩ nʋmɔʋ taa ɛna ɛ-ɖalʋ Rodrigo.
Mba pakpa wɛ yɔ, mba payaɣ size mɛzadokuli waa yaa maasɩŋ ɛzakuliye tɩnaa nabɛyɛ. Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa lɛ, payaɣ wɛ sizei "barbaresques" waa. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛna ɛ-ɖalʋ pɛcɛya pa-tɩ tam naanaza se peseu, ɛlɛ, patapɩzɩ nɛ pɛtɛzɩ caɣʋ Alger peeɖe mbʋ. Pɩnaɣ 1580 n̄ɩŋga taa peyeba ɛna salaka tɩnaa nabɛyɛ nɛ ɛɖɛɛ ɛpɩsɩ ɛ-jaɖɛ tɛtʋ taa kɛ Ɛsɩpan̄ɩ.


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Jeanne d'Arc
Jeanne d'Arc kɛ Fransɩɩ tʊ, palʊlɩ pɩnaɣ 1412 taa mbɩ yɔ kɛ Domrémy kɛ duché de Bar haɖa taa kɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛsɩba ɖasɩ ɖɩbɛdɩyɛ evemiye niidozo wiye agoza fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1431 kɛ Rouen kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɖɩ se Nɔrmandɩɩ yɔ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ susɔ tʊ taa. Pɩwɛ se ɖɩtɩlɩ sɩse Nɔrmandɩɩ wɛʊ mbɩ yɔ, ɖɩkɛ Angletɛrɩ ñɩm. Jeanne d’Arc kɛ halʊʊ sɔdʊʊ kɛ Fransɩɩ kazɩŋga ɖeeɖe tɔm taa kɛ you kewitu hɔlʊ taa nɛ halʊʊ ɛnʊ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ cɩɖɩ cɩɖɩ halʊʊ ɛsɔ sɛʊ ŋgbɛyɛ cejewiye. Ɛnʊ ka-sɛnaɣ hɩɖɛ se 'la Pucelle d’Orléans' kɛ waasɩ hiu loɖo waɣ taa mbɩ yɔ, nɛ ɛɖanɩ sɛʊ se Fransɩɩ Ɛjaɖɛ Ɖoo kɛ waasɩ hiu nɛ nakʊ waɣ mbɩ yɔ.
Ɛ-caa payawaɣ se Jacques d’Arc weyi ɛkɛ kɛ haɖʊ yɔ. E-ɖoo kɛlɛ Isabelle Devouton. Pa-kpɛndaɣ piya kagbanzɩ pa-caa cɔlɔ. Ɖooo kiɖe tɛ pɩgbaʊ nɛ waasɩ hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ waɣ mbɩ yɔ lɛ, pɛlɛ ɛnɛ ɛwɛna pɩnsɩ hiu nɛ lʊbɛ mbɩ yɔ pʊdɔbʊ se ɛwɛ ɛ-pɛlɛtʊ taa. Ɖɩtɔzɩ se kalɩnaɣ haɖaa hɔʊ taa, pʊtʊbʊ se ka-caanaɣ kɛ haɖaa. Ka-yɔdaɣ alʊwatʊ ndʊ tɩtaɣ se Saint Michel, Marguerite nɛ Catherine pahayɩ ɖoŋ nɛ paɖʊyɩ tʊmɩyɛ se oholi Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ you ɖoŋ yɔɔ caɣnaʊ Angletɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ nesi tɛ. Ɛcɛyɩ ɛ-tɩ nɛ ekpeli yoya nimiye fɛyɩ wa nɛ ewona wɛ nɛ po-yona Angletɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ. Nɛ paɣpaɣ wa you ŋgʊ,nɛ Orléans kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ kʊɣɩ ɛsɔ taa nɛ powona kewiyaɣ ñʊdʊ Sacre á Reims, nɛ ɛɖʊ nesi ɖɔɖɔ nɛ paɖʊʊ kiliŋgili Pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ you. You wayɩ lɛ, Bourguignons waɣ kpayɩ Compiègne kɛ pɩnaɣ 1430 nɛ Jean de Luxembourg pɛdɩnayɩ Anglɩtɛɛrɩ ñɩmaɣ nɛ takayaɣsɩ kudokiŋ hiu. Lɛlɛ yɔ, pʊwɛ se pa-kʊɩ nɛ ɛsɩ. pagbaɣ lɩmaza se pɔ-ñɔtɩ miŋ nɛ ɛsaɣ. Ɛlɛ kɩɖɩsɩtu samaɣ wiyau se paɖanɩ ɛ-tɔm hʊ camɩyɛ pɩcɔ paa-kʊɩ,paɖanɩ hʊ ɛtɔm nɛ pʊwɛ se peyelei.


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Himalaya pʊŋ
Pʊŋ nɩɩyɛ pɩlɩ ɖama lʊʊʊ nɛ paya-yɩ se Himalaya pʊʊ. Pʊŋ ɛnɩ ɛpɩlɩ kilomɛtanaa 2 400 yɔɔ. Ɛ-walanzɩ kɛ kpaɣ kilomɛtanaa 250 nɛ puwolo pɩtalɩ kilomɛtanaa 4000. Himalaya pʊŋ tɛyɩna Ɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Tibétain piyaɣ nɛ Aazii nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Himalaya pʊŋ pɩlaa, kpaɣ Nanga Parbat egetiye nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna Namche Barwa egetiye wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Nanga Parbat egetiye wɛ Pakisitaanɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Piyele Namche Barwa egetiye ñɛwɛɛ Tibɛtii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, Himalaya pʊŋ sɩ tɩnaɣ nɛ Indus pɔɔ kujomuu. Piyele wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, pʊŋ ɛnʊ ɛsɩɩ tɩnaɣ nɛ Brahmapoutre pɔɔ kujomuu. Pʊŋ ɛnʊ ɛwadɩ kilomɛtanaa 600 000 kaaree yɔɔ.
Kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ Himalaya pʊŋ kɩlɩma kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ. Pʊŋ hiu nɛ naanza kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ talɩ mɛtanaa 8 000 halɩ pɩɖɛɛ pʊ-yɔɔ. Pʊŋ hiu nɛ naanza ɛnʊ ɛ-taa lɛ, Everest pʊʊ kɩlɩna pʊŋ lɛɛŋ tɩŋɛ kʊyʊʊ. Ɛkʊyɩ kʊyʊʊ mbʊ yɔ yebina nɛ mba pasɩma pʊŋ kpaʊ lɛɣtʊ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ yɔ, palʊ kpem nɛ pakpa patʊlɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-ñʊŋ taa.
Pʊŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-laŋ tɩŋ kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ kɛ mɛtanaa 3 900. Piyele ɛ-yɔɔ ɖomba mʊlʊm kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ ñɛkɛ mɛtanaa 5 000 nɛ pɩkpaɣ pɩkpa.


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Tɔm susuu
Tɔm susuu kɛna ɛyaa sakɩyɛ yaa samaɣ sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ tɔm heyuu. Pɩkɛna pɩyʋ keem tɩlɩʋ. Yee nabʋyʋ yaa natʋyʋ ɛwɛ size samaɣ ɛnɩɩ kɔyɔ, pʋwɛ size posusi kususu nɛ tɔm ndʋ tɩtalɩ paa weyi. Paasusuu tɔm ɛyʋ kʋɖʋm yaa nɔɔyʋ ɖeke.
Tɔm kususutu tɛkɛna mɛsaɣ tɛɛ n̄ɩndʋ. Tɔm kususutu natʋyʋ kɔyɔ : ɖikpaɣ ɛzɩ-ɩ tɔɔnaɣ kɩfalaɣ nakɛyɛ tɔɔʋʋ taa kɛ mbʋ yɔ, nɛ wondu kɩfatʋ natʋyʋ tʋmɩyɛ labɩnaʋ kɛ mbɩ yɔ ɖɔɖɔ. Pɩtasɩna pɩɖeke, ɛlɛ caca tɔʋ nɛ lɩzʋʋ yaa takayɩsɩ ɖʋzʋʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ mbʋ yɔ.
Posusuu tɔm ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pasɩɩzɩna samaɣ yaa ɛyaa ɖɔɖɔ size pataatɔɔ tɔɔnaɣ kɩdɛkɛdaɣ nakɛyɛ yaa kɔyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkʋʋ yɔ ɖɩ-tɔm natʋyʋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ tɔsʋʋ nʋmɔʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ mbɩ yɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩtɩlɩʋ size posusuu samaɣ nɛ katɩlɩ pazɩ pazɩ tɔsʋ. Posusuu samaɣ nɛ katɩlɩ kɛɛkɩŋ taa wondu naa kɩpama mba palɩza yɔ.
Tɔm kususutu taa patɩlɩʋ tʋma sɔsɔna sɔsɔna wena a-wɛ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ taa yɔ a-lona nɛ a-hɩla. Pɩzɩʋna nɛ patɩlɩ ɖɔɖɔ wondu ndɩ ndɩ ɖɩpɛdɩyɛ lona. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ, lɔɔɖa yaa ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa kɛ mbɩ yɔ, ɖɩnaɣ size posusuu lɛɣ yaɖaa tɩlɩʋ lɔɔɖaa masɩ kɩpanzɩ.


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Peyibaa
Peeyibaa kɛna Erɔpɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖuyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩnɛ Pɛlɩziki pasɩna-ɖama nɛ kamaɣ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ. Peeyibaa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Amsɩterɩdam nɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe talɩɣ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa hiu nɛ lʊbɛ yɔ. Komina nɛ paɣtʊi lɩzɩyaa ñɛwɛ Haayɩ tɛtʊ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩwɛna ɖɔɖɔ ajɛya cɩkpena naayɛ kɛ Karayiibi taa.
Peeyibaa wɛ ajɛya wena aɖʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ se palɩzɩ ŋgba ɛzɩ: Erɔpɩ ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ, OTAN nɛ OCDE yɔ.
Payaɣ se Peeyibaa yɔ fransɩ taa lɛ pɩlɩna ɛzɩma ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtakʊyɩ yɔ yaa ɖɩfɛyɩna pʊŋ yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩkɛ Holandɩ taa kɔyɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se ɛjaɖɛ kulubi. Peeyibaa taa lɩm wadɩɣ paa ɛzɩmtaa nɛ pɩkɔŋna asɛyɩŋ sakɩyɛ.
Peeyibaa kɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa kewiitu kaawɛ ɖooo pɩnzɩ 1815 yɔ nɛ pɩkpɛnda pʊwɛɛ alɩ nɛ sɔnɔ. Ŋgʊ ɖooo ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩɩwɛ Fransɩ nesi tɛɛ kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1806 nɛ 1815 ɛlɛ, pɩɩkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊntɩnaa kɛ palɩzaɣ.
Mba pʊwɛɛ se pɛkɛ awiya yɔ pʊwɛɛ se pɛkɛ protɛsɩtaŋwaa yɔ nɛ halʊ yaa abalʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛkɛ wiyau yaa abiɖe. Mba mba pacaɣ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1815 pɩsɩɩna sɔnɔ yɔ mba yɔ: Guillaume Ier (1815-1840), Guillaume II (1840-1849) nɛ Guillaume III (1849-1890). Wiyau fɛyɩ ɛlɛ Emma nɛ abila Wilhelmine (1898-1948), Juliana(1948-1980) nɛ Beatrix (1980-2013).Ɖooo ɖomaɣ fenaɣ hiuwaa naatozo pɩnaɣ 2013 kɛ Willem-Alexander pɩsa wiyau. Ɛwayɩ ɛlɛ ɛ-pɛlɔ Catharina-Amalia, kaɣna kewiyaɣ tɔɔʊ.


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Ekɔsɩ
Ekɔsɩ kɛna hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se kewiyaɣ kɩkpɛndaɣ Erɔpʊ yɔ kɩ-taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɖɩwɛ keteŋga kpeekpe aŋgba nɛ taabalɩyɛ kɩgaŋ sakɩyɛ taa. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 78 772 km2. Pɩnaɣ 2011 taa paakala ɛyaa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, paakpɛnda 5 295 000. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔ payaɣ se Ediŋburigi nɛ liidiye nɖɩ pɔtɔkjɩ-ɖɩ peeɖe yɔ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Liivri Sɩtɛɛliŋŋ.
Kʊnʊmɩŋ weyi pɔyɔɔdʊʊ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ sukulinaa taa yɔ, ɩnʊʊ lɛ Iŋgilisis, Kayeliki, nɛ Skɔtɩ. Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ndʊ pakɩlʊʊ sɛʊ yɔ, ndʊ lɛ krɩstʊ ŋgbɛyɛ sɛtʊ.
Agoza fenaɣ kalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1707 kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ weyi palɩza-ɩ yɔ, ɛnʊʊ payaɣ se Nicola Sturgeon. Yee ɛyʊ ɛsɔɔlaa se ɛyaa nɔɔyʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa kɔyɔ, pɩwɛɛ se ɛpaɣzɩna maʊ ɛ-tɛ kaŋgalafʊ taa kɛ masɩ 44.


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Soomaali
Soomaali kɛna Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ.
Pɩnaɣ 1949 kɛ kedeŋ kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se ONU yɔ, ɖɩkpaɣ Soomaalɩ nɛ ɖɩcɛlɛ Itaalii ŋgʊ pɩnaɣ 1948 taa hɔɔlɩɣʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Ogadɛŋ yɔ kɩɩtɛma wɛʊ Etiyoopii nesi tɛɛ.
Pɩnaɣ 1960 kɛ Soomaalɩ mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caɣʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɖooo lɛ pɩɩkɛ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩlɛ nɛ tuuɖe ajɛya Itaalii nɛ Priitaaniki kpacayaɣna-ɩ. Haɖɛ kiŋ hɔɔlɩɣʊ lɛ Itaalii ñaawɛna nɛ hayi kiŋ lɛ Priitaaniki ɖeɖe lɛ.
Pʊwɛɛ mbʊ lɛ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñaañaɣ pana nɛ ɖɩmʊ Cibuuti ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1862. Fransɩ hɔɔlɩɣʊ kʊnɛ kʊkʊ la ɖɛfɛɛɛ ɖɛfɛɛɛ nɛ kɩwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1977.
Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1960 nɛ 1969 taa Soomaali ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ weyi payaɣ se Aden Abdullah Osman Daar nɛ ɛ-wayɩ ñɩnʊ weyi payaɣ ɛlɛ se Abdirashid Ali Shermarke yɔ, pañaɣ pana se ɖama nɩnaʊ nɛ ɖiu ɖiu caɣʊ ɛwɛɛ ɛlɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hayi kiŋ nɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlɩɣʊ paanɩɣna-ɖama nɛ yoŋ wɛɛ paa ɖoye.
Aloma fenaɣ 1954 kɛ Soomaali ɛjaɖɛ lɩza kɩ-kɩɖaʊ kɛtɛka.


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Metafiiziki (métaphysique)
Filozofii (philosophie) hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, mbʊ payaɣ se metafiiziki (métaphysique) yɔ, pɩkɛ kedeŋa tɩlɩtʊ yaa kedeŋa sɩm, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ tɩlɩ ɛzɩma kedeŋa wɛɛ yɔ. Ɛyʊ sɩma mbʊ se nabʊyʊ wɛ kedeŋa ñʊʊ yɔɔ nɛ ɛyʊ maɣzɩm eehikiɣ-pʊ. Mbʊ pʊwɛ kedeŋa ñʊʊ yɔ mbʊ yɔ, pʊwɛ pɩ-tɩ yɔɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pɩlɩzɩ pɩ-tɩ. Yee mbʊ, pʊyʊ kɩlɩzɩm ɛɛpɩzɩɣ pihiɣ-pʊ. Pɩcɛzɩ ɛyʊ maɣzɩm. Takayɩsɩ mayaa ɛɛkɛdɩ pʊ-tɔ kʊyʊmʊm, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se paayɔɔdʊʊ tɔm kʊɖʊmtʊ pɩlɩɩna pʊyʊ mbʊ pʊwɛ kedeŋa ñʊʊ yɔ pʊ-yɔɔ. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, caanaʊ taa ñɩma kɔyɔɔda ndʊ yɔ, pɩtɛkɛ ndʊ ɖɔ-cɔzɔnaa ñɔyɔɔdaa. Ndʊ ɖɔ-cɔzɔnaa ñɔyɔɔdaa yɔ, pɩtɛkɛ ndʊ ɖa-caanaa ñɔyɔɔdaa. Ndʊ sɔnɔ takayɩsɩ mayaa ñɔyɔɔdʊʊ yɔ, tʊtʊ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndɩ nɛ ndʊ ɖa-caanaa yɔɔdaa yɔ. Lɛɣtʊ piliŋa nakɛyɛ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-kɛ se «science normative». Metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa wɛ ndʊ nɛ kaka. Metafiiziki kɛ filozofii lɛɣtʊ piliŋa. Lɛɣtʊ piliŋa ŋga ka-tʊmɩyɛ kɛlɛ se kañɩnɩ nɛ katɩlɩ ɛzɩma wondu wɛɛ yɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛzɩma pɩtɩŋaa nɛ wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ cakɩ wezuu.
Metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa taatɩɩwɛnda hɩɖɛ. Filozɔfʊ sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ se Aristote yɔ ɛcalɩna lɩzʊʊ lɛɣtʊ pilŋa ŋga payaɣ se metafiiziki yɔ kɔ-tɔbʊʊ. Filozɔfʊ sɔsɔ ɛnɛ ɛtɔma se metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa kɛ filozofii kajalaɣ ñɩŋgʊ. Ɛtɔŋ se lɛɣtʊ pilinzi tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, filozofii kajalaɣ ñɩŋgʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɩlɩna wazaɣ kpem. Ɛkaɖaa se ɛyʊtʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa ɖɛna ɛsɩndaa. Filozɔfʊ sɔsɔ Aristote yɔɔda se metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa ñɩnɩɣna nɛ katɩlɩ wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ kpeekpe taa ndʊ tɩkɩlɩ keɖewa nɛ ndʊ tɩkɩlɩ ɖɔʊ yɔ. Metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa ñɩnɩɣna ɖɔɖɔ nɛ kana tokaɣ ŋga kɛwɛ wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ kpeekpe hɛkʊ taa yɔ.
Filozɔfʊ sɔsɔ lɛlʊ weyi payaɣ se Emmanuel Kant yɔ, ɛlɛ tɔŋ se metafiiziki lɛɣtʊ piliŋa kɛŋna lɛɣtʊ pilinzi taa piliŋa ŋga kasɩma ɛyʊ lɔŋ yaa ɛ-tɩlɩtʊ ɖɩlɩyɛ yɔ.


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Haɖaʋ
Haɖaʋ tʋmɩyɛ yaa hayɩm tɔmɩyɛ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "agriculture". Haɖaʋ kɛna samaɣ paa ŋga lɛ ka-tʋmɩyɛ. Haɖaʋ kɛ tɛtʋ yɔ tʋmɩyɛ kajalaɣ nɖɛ. Ɛyʋ wezuu keekee wɛ haɖaʋ yɔɔ kɛnɛ. Hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ taa pehikuu wezuu caɣʋʋ tɔɔnaɣ.
Paa egeetiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ŋtala kɔyɔ, ŋna size haɖʋ yaa hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ wɛɛ lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa peeɖe. Pɩkɛna tɛtʋ yɔ tʋmɩyɛ. Papɩsʋʋ tɛtʋ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɩ nɛ poɖuu yaa pɔsɔ tɔɔnaɣ kʋtɔwaa. Ɛjaɖɛ yaa kedeŋa n̄ɩm kɛna ɖɔɖɔ tɛtɛ kpɩna kɛ tɔɔnaɣ n̄ɩnʋʋ lone kajalaɣ nɖɛ.
Pahayʋ nɛ pehuu tɔɔnaɣ nɛ pɔcɔnana ɖɔɖɔ kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩna ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ. Kedeŋa yaa ɛjaɖɛ yɔ n̄ɩm wazʋʋ ɛyʋ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ n̄ɩtʋ nɛ cɔka mbɩ yɔ, pɩkɛna mʋzʋŋ kɛ haɖaʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Tɛtɛ kpɩna kpeekpee pɩndʋ ɖɔɖɔ kɛna mʋzʋŋ kɛ haɖaʋ yaa hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ taa.
Haɖaʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ sukili kɛ hɔɔlʋʋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa nɛ tʋma yaa kɩkpɛndʋ kɩ-taa tʋma sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ kɛ pɩkpaʋ nɛ ɖoo kpaɖʋ yaa wɛɛ hiu nɛ nakʋ (19) n̄ɩŋgʋ taa yɔ. Haɖaʋ sukili ŋgʋ kɩ-taa peeɖe pɛkpɛlɛkʋʋ haɖaʋ lɛɣtʋ, tɛtʋ mʋzʋŋ ɖʋʋ, tɛtʋ kɩ-pandʋ tɩlʋ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ haɖaʋ.
Haɖaʋ kɛ tɔɔnaɣ paa ŋga kaɖɩn̄ɩnɩyɛ. Peyeba haɖaʋ kedeŋa yaa ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ cɩnɛ kɔyɔ, nɔɔyʋ fɛyɩ size ɛpɩzʋ nɛ ɛ-danɩ caɣʋʋ yaa ɛwɛ wezuu. Tɔɔnasɩ kɩhayɩsɩ nasɩyɛ hɩla kɔyɔ : saamɩla, sona, mɔʋ, mɩsɩ, sooja, hɛɛ nɛ tɔɔnasɩ lɛɛsɩ sakɩyɛ.


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Molière
Payaɣ Molière hɩɖɛ maɣmaɣ se Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, palʊla-ɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ 15 pɩnaɣ 1622 kɛ Saint-Eustache cɔɔcɩ taa nɛ ɛsɩ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ 17 pɩnaɣ 1673 kɛ Paarii tɛtʊ taa pɩnzɩ 51. Ɛkɛ dramatiiɖizinɛ tanaʊ tʊ. Ɛkɛ mba palakɩ teyatiɖi kɛ fransɩ tɛtʊ taa yɔ, pɩɩkɛna wiyau Louis 14 alɩwaatʊ taa. Jean-Baptiste Poquelin ñɩma kɛ tadɩyɛ laɖaa nɛ ɛ-caa kɛ naataŋgbala ñɛyʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 21 lɛ ɛna Madeleine nɛ Joseph Béjart ɛpaɣza teyatiɖi labʊ. Palɩzɩ teyatiɖi nakʊyʊ nɛ paya-kʊ se « Illustre Théâtre ». Mbʊ ɛkpaɣ hɩɖɛ se Molière. Powobo hayɩsɩtʊ natʊyʊ taa lɛ, pɔtɔlɩ nɛ pɩwɩzɩ-wɛ nɛ pakʊyɩ peeɖe nɛ pɛɖɛɛ nɛ pɛwɛɛ cɔʊ yɔɔ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1646 ŋgɔɔ nzɩɩŋa pɩnaɣ 1658. Ɛma takayasɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa wɛ hoŋga yɔ: Le Docteur amoureux, Le Médecin volant, L'Étourdi, (ɛma-kɛ Lyon pɩnaɣ 1655 nɛ Le Dépit amoureux kɛ Béziers pɩnaɣ 1656 tɛŋgaɣ lɛ).
Ɛpɩsaa ɛkɔɔ Paarii tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1658 lɛ, wiyau ɖalʊ huuzi ɛ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛsɩŋna-ɩ nɛ ɛ-na ɛ-taabalaa pakpaɣ hɩɖɛ se «Troupe de Monsieur» nɖɩ ɖɩkaɣ pɩsɩɣ «Troupe du Roy» yɔ. Pɩ-wayɩ lɛ, pala amʊʊza ndɩ ndɩ ɛyaa ɛsɩnda. Palaba: Scarron nɛ Thomas Corneille, pamaɣza Pierre Corneille pɩkɩlɩna ɛ-tayaɣ Nicomède nɛ Cinna, palaba ɖɔɖɔ Rotrou nɛ Tristan L'Hermite. Mɩnzɛma fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1659 taa, ɛma takayaɣ nakɛyɛ nɛ kɛkɛdɩna ɛyaa sakɩyɛ: Les Précieuses ridicules. Le médecin malgré lui (1666) yaa Les Fourberies de Scapin (1671), L'École des femmes (1662) yaa L'Avare (1668), Le Bourgeois gentilhomme kɛ 1670 (ɛna Lully pamana-kɛ), Le malade imaginaire Charpentier) kɛ pɩnaɣ 1673, Le Misanthrope (1665), Tartuffe (1664-1669), Les Femmes savantes (1672), Ɛnʊ ɛmana ɖɔɖɔ Dom Juan kɛ pɩnaɣ1665.
Wiyau sɔsɔ Louis 14 teɣna-ɩ ɛ-tʊma taa cabɩ.
Ɛmaʊ taa lɛ, ɛtʊlaɣ mbʊ mbʊ ɛyaa lakaɣ nɛ pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu yɔ ɛlɛ ɛyɔɔdaɣ nɛ ɛyaa mba ɛ-maɣmaɣ eluba hɩla yem yɔ. Ɛyɔɔda walɩtʊ yaa halɩkpaɣyɛ pɩtɩŋgɩna ñɩm yɔɔ yaa nabʊyʊ yɔɔ yɔ pɩ-tɔm, ɛzɩma nabɛyɛ waɣna kewiyaɣ yaa po-lona nɛ pomuluu lalaa yɔ, halaa ɖɩcaɣyɛ yaa tɔm ndɩ ndɩ. Mba ɛyɔɔdɩna pɔ-nɔsɩ yɔ, pa-taa kɛlɛ: Monsieur Jourdain, Harpagon, Alceste nɛ Célimène, Tartuffe nɛ Orgon, Dom Juan, Sganarelle, Argan weyi ɛkpaɣ ɛzɩ kʊtɔndʊ yɔ.
Ɛ-hɔʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Palʊla Jean-Baptiste Poquelin kɛ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ 15 pɩnaɣ 1622 kɛ Saint-Eustache, Paris tɛtʊ taa. Payaɣ ɛ-caa se Jean Poquelin; ɛkɛ tadɩyɛ laɖʊ nɛ naataŋgbala ñɛɛyʊ; e-ɖoo payaɣ se Marie Creusé. Ɛ-cɔzɔnaa tɩŋga kɛ tada laɖaa nɛ naataŋgbala ñɛyɩyaa. Payaɣ ɛ-halʊ se Armande Béjart nɛ ɛ-ɖɛdʊ yɔ Jean Poquelin. Molière ñɩma tɩnga kɛna mb ape-nesi tɛɛ wɛɛ yɔ nɛ pɩha-wɛ ɖɔɖɔ wondu teu nɛ cɩmɩŋ mabʊ ɖɔɖɔ sɩŋŋŋ.
Palʊla Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, weyi pɛɖɛyɩɣ-ɩ se Molière yɔ, ɛwɛna ɖalaa naatozo nɛ kɔɔnaa naalɛ. E-ɖoo sɩba lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ hiu ɖeke nɛ ɛ-caa ɖaɣnɩ halʊ kpaɣʊ ɛlɛ lɛ Catherine Fleurette. ƐLɛ wɛna-ɩ pɩyaa naatozo ɛlɛ e-ɖoo cikpelu ɛnʊ ɛɖɛɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1636. Pɩlaba mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛ-caa tatasɩ halʊ nɔɔyʊ kpaɣʊ.


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Fenasɩ takayaɣ
Fenasɩ takayaɣ kɛna takayaɣ ŋga ka-taa nɛ alɩwaatʊ tɩŋga yɔ. Pɩsa nɛ ɛyʊ tɩlɩ mbʊ ɛla alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ yaa tʊnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ, ɛtɛyɩ efemiye tɔm sakɩyɛ taa nɛ ɛlɩzɩ mbʊ pɩsɩna-ɩ kɛlɛʊ yɔ. Ɛyʊ cɔna ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩma kɩlɛmɩŋ cɔʊ yɔ lɛ, ɛzɩma tɛŋ nɩʊ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ lɛ, ɛzɩma lʊŋgɩyɛ kɔŋ nɛ pɩnzɩ lɛɛzɩɣ ɖama lɛ, ɛmaɣzɩ ɛ-taa nɛ ɛlɩzɩ takayaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɛpɩzɩɣ nɛ ɛtɛyɩ pɩnaɣ tɩŋga yɔ.
Takayaɣ ŋga ka-taa kɛ ɛɖʊwa se pɩnaɣ taa lɛ, tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩnɛ kɛ ɛlakɩ yaa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, sɔnzɩ sɩnɛ nɛ sɩnɛ kɛ pɩwɛɛ se palakɩ. Pʊ-yɔɔ kɛ ɛya efemiye se efemiye nɛ paa efemiye nɖɩ lɛ, ɖɩna ɖɩ-tɛyɩtʊ nɛ ɖɩ-tʊmɩyɛ. Afema wayɩ lɛ, kpɩtaŋ kɔŋna, ɛlɛ wayɩ lɛ fenasi, sɩ-wayɩ kɛ pɩnzɩ ñɛwɛ. Pɩtasɩɩna pɩnzɩ yeke, pɩnzɩ wayɩ kɛ mbʊ payaɣ se waɣsɩ yɔ sɩwɛɛ.
Efemiye taa ñɩɩtʊ 24 wɛna nɛ afema lʊbɛ lakɩna kpɩtaʊ. Fenaɣ taa lɛ avema 30 yaa 31 wɛna; ɛlɛ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ taa avema 28 yaa 29 wɛna. Fenaɣ taa lɛ, kpɩtaŋ 4 wɛna pɩsaɣ pɩnaɣ taa lɛ fenassɩ 12 wɛna.
Efemiye wɛʊ yɔ pɛtɛyɩ-ɖɩ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ: cɩŋ cɩŋwaa 60 lakɩna cɛceyaɣ, cɛcɛsɩ 60 ñalakɩna ñɩɩyɩɣ kʊɖʊmʊ, piyele ñɩɩtʊ 24 lɛ pɩlaba efemiye. Efemiye taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, tanandɛɛ wɛɛ, wɩsɩ taa wɛɛ, ɖanaɣ ɖɔɖɔ ñɛwɛɛ nɛ pɩtasɩna ɖoo taa. Mbʊ mbʊ pɩwɛ paa efemiye nɖɩ, kpɩtaʊ ŋgʊ, fenaɣ ŋga, pɩnaɣ ŋga nɛ waaɣ ŋga ɖɔɖɔ lɛ.
Pɩsaa nɛ kalɩɣ wɛɛ kɛlɛʊ lɛ, ɛyʊ lɩza fenasɩ takayaɣ. Kpɩtaʊ taa kɩyakɩŋ hɩlaa yɔ:
Kacalaɣ fenaɣ tɛ kiyakʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ paɣzɩɣ. Pɩnaɣ taa fenasi kpɛnda 12 nɛ nzi yɔ: