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Martin Heidegger
26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976
Martin Heidegger kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Caama yɔ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa tʋ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛfɛyɩ felendu kpataa yɔ. Ɛsɔɔla n̄ɩnʋʋ paa alɩwaatʋ ndʋ lɛɛ tovonum nʋmɔʋ. Ɛwɛ lɔŋ ɛzɩ pʋyʋ yɔ. Palʋla ɖajaa Martin Heidegger kɩyakʋ hiŋ naalɛ nɛ loɖo (26) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye Salaŋ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1889 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʋ cikpetu ndʋ payaɣtʋ size Messkirch yɔ tɩ-taa peeɖe palʋla-ɩ. Ɛkɛ n̄amtʋ pɩɣa ɛ-taabalaa nɛ samaɣ ŋga ɛwɛ ka-taa yɔ kɛ-sɩnda. Ɖajaa Martin ɛnɛ, ɛsɩba agoza fenaɣ taa kɩyakʋ kʋɖʋmʋ ŋgʋ paalʋla-ɩ kɩ-taa yɔ ki-wiye ɖɔɖɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ size ɛsɩba evemiye hiŋ naalɛ nɛ loɖo (26) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye Agoza fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1976 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Egeetiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛsɩba yɔ, nɖɩ payaɣ size Fribourg-en-Brisgau Caama ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ taa peeɖe. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, e-wezuu caɣʋʋ paza pʋwɛɛna ndɩkʋ kpem. Ɛlakasɩ taa kaawɛ ɛzɩ kpaaŋ tʋ yɔ. Paa lee ŋna-ɩ kɔyɔ, ɛwɛ ɛzɩ weyi pɔtɔ size lɛɣya laba-ɩ yɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ size ɛwɛ ɛzɩ e-koobu nɔɔyʋ sɩba yɔ. Mbʋ yɔ, ɛ-lɩmaɣza wɛ lim lim paa ɛzɩm taa. Ɛkɛkɛ pɩɣa ŋga kaawɛ lɛɣtʋ siŋŋ yɔ.
Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Martin Heidegger kɛ filozofii tʋmɩyɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ Caama ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ taa. Filozofii tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ payaɣ size filozɔɔfʋ. Filozɔɔfʋ kɛ lɔnzɩnɖɛ tʋ sɔsɔ weyi ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ kɛlɛ size, ɛn̄ɩnɩ ɛyʋ yɔɔ lɔnzɩnɖɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ yɔ.
Pʋwɛna filozɔɔfʋ siŋŋ taa lɛ ɛtɩlɩ mbʋ ɛyʋ kɛwa yɔ, nɛ mbʋ ɛyʋ ɛnʋ ɛtɛŋna yɔ. Pɩcɔ nɛ ɖajaa Heidegger paazʋ filozofii tʋmɩyɛ lɛ, ɛcalɩna labʋ ɛtɛ sukili kɩ-tɛzʋʋ ɖajaa sɔsɔ Edmund Husserl cɔlɔ. Peeɖe, ɛpɩza ɛkpɛlɛkɩ mbʋ ɛyʋtʋ kɛ siŋŋ yɔ. Paa weyi ɛkɛ filozɔɔfʋ, ɛlɛ toovonum taa lɛ, ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛtɛ n̄ɩŋgʋ wɛ ɖoŋ nɛ yuŋ siŋŋ.


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Piyaa mʋ kɩjɔŋ, sɩ-taa wɛ leleŋ
Pɩkazɩ alɩwatʋ pazɩ yem se ɖɩwɛ kazandʋ taa yem tɔɖɩɩɩ, kɔzɩkɔzɩ piyaa. Kɛjɛlaɣ kazandʋ ntʋ pɔtɔkɩ yɔ ntʋ lɛ kisimasɩ.
Ɛzɩ piyaa lɛɛsɩ yɔ, Kpacaa sɔɔlɩ kisimasɩ siŋŋ mpʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ ɛɖaŋʋʋ kʋjɔŋ: E-ɖoo haɣyɩ-ɩ, ɛ-caa hayɩ ɖɔɖɔ kʋjɔu.
Kazandʋ yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ pɛñɛyʋʋ piyaa wondu kɩfatʋ, payabɩ-sɩ natangbalaa kɩfana ɖɔɖɔ.
Kisimasɩ kɛ kazandʋ sʋsɔtʋ. Kpɩtaɣʋ kʋyʋmʋ wayɩ lɛ pɔtɔkɩ pɩnaɣ kɩfalaɣ kasandʋ lɛ.
TƆM KPƐLƐKƲƲ
kazʋʋ: rester; pɩkaza-m lidiye pazɩ yem
Tɔɔwʋ; (manger) mais ici fêter
sɔɔlʋʋ: aimer
daŋʋ: attendre; Ɖaŋɩ-m mala mɔnkɔɔ ɖɩɖɛ
hawʋʋ: donner; Ha-m ñɛ-cɛɛcɛ mowolo kɩyakʋ mɔnkɔ.
ñɛyʋʋ: coudre;
yabʋ: acheter.
TƆM MAWƲ
Il reste...2, 3, 4 jours: pɩkazɩ ou pɩsaɣ kɩyakɩŋ naalɛ, naatozo, nanza
Surtout: kɔzɩkɔzɩ ou pɩkɩlɩnɩ. Surtout toi: kɔzɩkɔzɩ ña yaa pɩkɩlɩnɩ ña.
Ɛzɩ....yɔ: comme, à l'exemple de. Ɛzɩ pamaɣʋ Bibili taa: comme il est écrit dans la Bible;
ɛzɩ ma yɔ: à mon exemple, comme moi.
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Kenji Mizoguchi
Kenji Mizoguchi (溝口 健二, Mizoguchi Kenji) kɛ Sapɔŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa hendʊ lɩzɩyʊ, palʊla-ɩ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 16 pɩnaɣ 1898 Tokyo tɛtʊ nɛ ɛsɩ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 24 pɩnaɣ 1956 Kyoto tɛtʊ taa. Palʊla Mizoguchi Tōkyō tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1898. E-cejewiye paa ɛ-caa kaasɔɔlʊʊ nɛ pʊtɔcɔna-ɩ yɔ, nɛ ɛpɩsɩ kʊñɔndʊ kpem kɛ haŋga alɩwaatʊ pɩnaɣ 1904. Ɛwɛɛ Asakusa tɛtʊ taa, kʊñɔndʊ kpidikpidi Tōkyō tɛtʊ taa. Mizoguchi caa kaakɛ cafɩnta kɩbɩnʊʊ, kaawɛ ñaŋ nɛ e-ɖoo nɛ ɛ-kɔɔ ɛpɛda ɛzɩ geisha yɔ.
E-sukuli taaɖɔŋna-ɩ mbʊ lɛ, eyele nɛ ɛkpɛlɩkɩ tɔlɩm taʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɔɔla yɔɔ. Ɛcɛlɛ ɛ-tɩ mbilim tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ nɛ ɛmʊ pɩ-tɛ takayaɣ ŋga kawɩlɩɣ se ɛkpɛlɛka tʊmɩyɛ nɛ ɛtɛ yɔ. Kɛlɛ ɛpɩsɩ tɔm kisusutu takayasɩ lɩzɩyʊ kɛ Kōbe tɔm susuu taa. Pɩnaɣ 1918 ɛsʊʊ you ŋgʊ Russi kpɛlɩ pɩsɩɣ kɔŋgaɣ kɛlɛ elesi ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ.
Ɛsʊʊ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm naa tʊmɩyɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1920 ɛzɩ ɛyʊ weyi ɛlakɩ hendu teu kuduyuu taa tʊmɩyɛ kɛ Nihhatsu nɛ ɛpɩsɩ kpɛdɛyɛ lɩzɩya sɩnɩyʊ. Pɩnaɣ 1922 alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, ɛla ɛ-tɛ kajalaɣ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm ŋgʊ yɔ se kɩyakʊ ŋgʊ sɔlɩm pɩsɩɣ yɔ.
Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1923 ŋkɔɔ ŋtalɩ ɛsɩm pɩnaɣ ɛla kɛlɛm kɛlɛm naa hiŋ nakʊ nɛ nanza, pada peeɖe tɔlim mba naalɛ, (wiyaʊ halʊ Yang-Kwei Fei). Ɛyʊ ɛnɛyɔ ɛ-tɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm naa hiŋ loɖo nɛ naalɛ leba mbʊ piyeba nɛ Mizoguchi kɛ kajalaɣ hendu lɩzɩyʊ weyi pasɩma-ɩ se ɛ-tɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm naa leba yɔ (pɩɩkɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm naa mba paayɔɔdʊʊ yɔ). Pakalɩɣ nee nɔsɩ kɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm naa mba paayɔɔdʊʊ yɔ.


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Jean-Paul 2
Karol Józef Wojtyła (pɔyɔɔdʊʊ se ˈka.ɾɔl ˈju.zef vɔi̯.ˈtɨ.wa) Wadowice, pʊñɔtɩna Cracovie Pɔlɔɔñɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1920 agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 18 Fatiikaŋ, ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 2 pɩnaɣ 2005, ɛkɛ Pɔlɔɔñɩ cɔjɔ layʊ, ɛkɛ episikɔpʊ, pʊwayɩ yɔ ɛpɩsɩ cɔjɔ kpaŋgbamʊ Cracovie tɛtʊ taa, ɛkɛ cɔjɔ toko kɩsɛmʊʊ tʊ, palɩzɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛkɛ katoliki cejewiye tɛ papa aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 16 pɩnaɣ 1978 kɛlɛ paya-ɩ Jean-Paul 2 tʊ (latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Ioannes Paulus II, Itaalii taa Giovanni Paolo II, Polonɛɛ taa lɛ, Jan Paweł II). Katoliki ɛyaa ya-ɩ Jean-Paul 2 Kiɖeɖeu ɖooo alɩwaatʊ ndʊ paɖʊ-ɩ kiɖeɖema taa yɔ.
Ɛkɛ sukuli laɖʊ Pɔlɔɔñɩ sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa ɛyʊ yɔɔ maɣzɩm kpɛlɛkʊʊ pɩlʊʊ taa mbʊ lɛ, ɛlakɩ amʊʊza eyaa mba pataasɔɔlɩ Caama ñɩma tɔm taa, wayi yɔ ɛsʊ mɛɛsaɣ tɛɛ fata naa pɩlʊʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1942. Pakpa-ɩ cɔjɔtʊ pɩnaɣ 1946, lɛ ɛtɛma labʊ sukuli Room nɛ Fransɩɩ, ɛkɛ cɔjɔ layʊ Pɔlɔɔñɩ kpɛndɛ ñɩm tɩnaa tɛ pɩnaɣ 1948 kɛ evebiyaa cɔlɔ. Ɛtɛma maʊ ɛ-tɛ tɔm kɩcɔɔlɩtʊ takayaɣ pɩcɛlɩna sɔɔlɩm kɔzɩ kɔzɩ hɔʊ taa sɔɔlɩm yɔɔ lɛ, cɔjɔ toko kɩsɛmʊʊ tʊ Saapieha ya-ɩ sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa. Ɛpɩsɩ pɩnaɣ 1958 episikɔpʊ weyi ɛkɩlɩ kɛʊ pɩɣa yɔ Pɔlɔɔñɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Ɛwɛ Fatiikaŋ tɛtʊ taa lɛ, ɛsɩma kʊnʊmɩŋ sakɩyɛ nɛ Ɛsɔ tɔm ɖɔɖɔ sakɩyɛ kɛlɛ ɛpɩsɩ sɔsɔ nɔɔ taa tɔm ɖɛzɩyʊ episikɔpʊ pɩlʊʊ taa Pɔlɔɔñɩ, mbʊ yebina nɛ ɛsɩnda Paul 6 tʊ tɩlɩ-ɩ piŋ. Ɛpɩsɩ cɔjɔ kpaŋgbamʊʊ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ cɔjɔ toko kɩsɛmʊʊ tʊ mbʊ pɩnaɣ 1968 (evebupɩɣa yem), ɛkandɩ nesi tɛɛ tʊma tɩnaa yɔɔ kpɛndɛ ñɩm tɩnaa tɛ, ɛkandɩ ɛyʊ waɖɛ yɔɔ.
Ɛ-tɛ cɔjɔtʊ ɖoŋ (pɩnzɩ 26, fenasɩ 5 nɛ kɩyakɩŋ 18) kɛ kpaɣ sɔnɔ alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa naatozo ndʊ tɔm kɛdɩtʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa katoliki ɛyaa tɛ sɩɩna Pierre kiɖeɖeu nɛ Pie 9 tʊ. E-kewiyitu alɩwaatʊ taa ewoba ajɛyɛ 129 taa, ɛyaa mba patɩlɩ yɔ patalɩ ɛyaa miliiyɔɔ waa 500, ɛlaba kedizasɩ sɔsɔsɩ sakɩyɛ, ɛɖʊ laŋhɛzɩyɛ taa ɛyaa 1340, ɛpɩsɩ ɛyaa 483 kiɖeɖema.


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Pɩɩzantɛ ampiiri
Pɩɩzantɛ ampiiri yaa Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa Room ampiiri, pɛkɛ ɛyaa mba palɩ kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 4 ŋgʊ cɔlɔ mbʊ yɔ Room wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa tɛ ampiiri taa yɔ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛnʊ ñaɖɩna ɛ-tɩ tɛƴʊʊ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩlɛ. Pasɩma ampiiri ŋgʊ nɛ mbʊ yɔ lɛ yɔ se kʊ-tɔm kaaleɖa piŋ. Room taa maɣmaɣ kɛ kɩñɔɔ, kɛlɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ kʊ-yɔɔ tɔm ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩna paa tɔm kɛdɩyʊ weyi lɛ tɛ maɣzɩm yɔɔ.
Kɔnsɩtatɩnɔpɩlɩ ñɔɔ, kɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ hɩɖɛ kɛlɛ, pɩlɩna Constantin kajalaɣ tʊ pɩnaɣ 330,ɛzɩ ampiiri nakʊyʊ tɛyɩtʊ tɔm kaacaɣʊ kaɖɛ se pɔcɔna kʊ-yɔɔ nɛ kɩkɔɔ kɩpɩsɩ keem pɩnaɣ 395, pɔyɔɔda pʊ-tɔm nabʊtʊ taa. Paakpekiɣ kikpeɣu se kɩ-tɛ le ɛlɛ pasɩma se kɩ-tɛ lɛ Room, ampiiri ŋgʊ kɩ-taa ɛyaa kɛ Krɩstʊ ɛyaa nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ kʊnʊŋ kʊyʊmʊʊ, ŋgʊ lɛ krɛkɩ ñɩŋʊ.
Ɖɩcɔna wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ kamasɩ yɔɔ, ɖɩnaɣ canaʊ wondu naa mba paakɛ Hɛkʊ Alɩwaatʊ pʊtʊnaa nɛ nabʊyʊ taa pama-tʊ nɛ krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa, ɛpɩsɩ lʊlʊʊ taa lone ndɩ ɖɩ-taa panaɣ ɛsakuliye wondu, nɛ halɩ pʊtɔyɩ pɩtalɩ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa, wena lalaa ñɔkɔma panaŋɩ yɔ.
Pɩkpaɣna kpaɣɖʊ 7 ŋngʊ lɛ lɛɛzɩtʊ sakɩyɛ pazaa pɩcaɣ pɩɩzantɛ ampiiri yɔɔ. Pɩkɛna-kʊ kɩjɛyʊʊ se kitisi lɛɛzɩtʊ kɩfatʊ yɔɔ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛyaa paazaɣ pɩɣyɩnaʊ kʊ-tɔm kɩbɩndʊ ndʊ yɔɔ, nɛ pɩkɛna-kʊ cɛyɩtʊ se ɛɖɩzɩɣ ɛ-cɩcɩɖɩɣ tɔm natʊyʊ naa sakɩyɛ. Ɖama yonaʊʊ kakamaɣ kaakɛna-kʊ kɩjɛyʊʊ se kɩlɛɛzɩ wɛtʊ naa sakɩyɛ kɛlɛ ɖama katʊʊ you naananza ŋgʊ kɔɔ nɛ kɩtɛzɩ yɔɔkʊʊ kɔnsɩtantɩnɔpɔlɩ pɩnaɣ 1204, kɛlɛ yee aɖanɩ ñɔʊʊ kɔyɔ pɩnaɣ 1261 kɔyɔ ɛtaafɛyɩ ɖoŋ se ɛlʊbɩna e-koyondinaa Otoman mba nɛ Itaalii tɔsʊʊ huu tɔm. Kɔnsɩtantɩnɔpɩlɩ tɔlʊʊ pɩnaɣ 1453 tɩna ampiiri pɩzantɛɛ tɔlʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ.


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Akaŋgaa
Akaŋgaa kɛ leemuu, tɩŋ ŋgʊ payaɣ akaŋgaa yɔ kʊlʊlʊʊ nɛ akaŋgaanaa nɛ kɩwɛna PH 2,5. Akaŋgaa kɛ tɩŋ cikpeluu nɛ kʊ-kʊkʊyʊmɩŋ maɣna mɛtanaa 5 ntalɩ 10 mbʊ yɔ. Kɩ-hatʊ wɛ kpɩzɩŋ nɛ tɩɩtɔʊ paa wɩlɩŋ alɩwaatʊ taa, kɩwɛ tɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa wɛ pee wili wili tɛ tɩmʊʊ liɖe taa. Akaŋgaa ŋgʊ kɩpʊʊ lɛ, ku-hutu wɛ tɩŋ hatʊ kpɛdɩŋ nɛ pɩpɩsɩɣ sʊtʊ lɩm tɩyɛ pɩlɩnɛ niikaɣ cɔlɔ. Kɩ-tɛ pɩɣʊ pazʊʊ kpiziɣɖe alɩwaatʊ ntalɩ nzɩnɛ salaŋ kedeŋga nɛ hayi yɔ kiŋ ajɛyɛ taa. Kɩ-taa mʊtʊ lɩm wɛ leleŋ pɩwɛ ñɩmɩŋ nɛ pɩtaa wɛ fitamini C, mbʊ yebina nɛ kɩ-tɛ sɩʊ wɛ kɛlɛʊ nɛ kɩ-tɩ mɩzɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋga taa pɩlɩnɛ mɛlɛnaa nɔmɔŋ woɖaa cɔlɔ mba palakaɣ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ se pehiɣ wezʊʊ amini C kʊdɔŋ yɔ (scorbut). Palɩzɩɣ ku-hutu taa num nabʊyʊ pɩtaa wɛ akaŋgaa ñɩmɩŋ lɩm (limonène nɛ citral).
Akaŋgaanaa mba pɛwɛ leleŋ yɔ pɛkɛ tɩŋ pee wena pahayʊʊ yɔ nɛ pɩtɛ lɩm fɛyɩ ñɩmɩŋ sakɩyɛ. Sɛmɩŋ sɔzɩŋ nɛ nzulɩmɩyɛ yɔ leleŋ nɛ ñɩmɩŋ ɖoŋ yam sikiri nɛ num taa ñɩm koŋ lɛɛzʊʊ lɩnɛ pɩtɛ wɛtʊ cɔlɔ, tɛtʊʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩwɛyɛ alɩwaatʊ cɔlɔ nɛ pɩɣʊ nɛ akaŋgaa pɩnzɩ nɛ tamtʊ ɖɔkʊʊ, pɩpɩsʊʊ kpoŋkpolo tayɩ ŋgʊ paakpakʊʊ leleŋ yɔ.
Palakɩ-kʊ nɛ saladɩ yee fɩnɛkɩrɩ ɛ-fɛyɩ kɔyɔ. Pe-siduu kɩ-nɛ lɩm lɛ, pɩpɩsɩɣ sʊlʊm kpem, pe-siduu-kʊ nɛ tɔnasɩ lɛɛsɩ sakɩyɛ. Passama-kʊ pɩŋ pɩlɩnɛ mbʊ kʊkʊʊ azuuma nɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ mbʊ lɛ, palakɩ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ pɩɖaŋgʊʊ ɛyʊ liu tɛ wɩzasɩ nɛ kɩ-ɖaŋgʊʊ ɛyʊ nesi kʊzɔɔtʊ tʊma ɖɩlaɖɛ taa. Palakɩ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ajana wondʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ ɖɩlaɖɛ taa nɛ kɩ-sɛzʊʊ nɛ kɩ-lozuu ɛyʊ tɔmnaɣ. Kɩ-tɛ leleŋ lɩm lʊkɩna ɛyʊ tɛ ɛvam nɛ kɩ-yeki se ɛyʊ ɛwɛnɛ yɔɔdɔɣ tɛ nɔɔ kɩbaŋga. Kɩ-tɛ fitamini C ɖɔʊʊ nɛ kɩ-tɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ kʊɣʊ yeba se akaŋgaa ɛkɛ piye ndɩ yolim taa lɛ, palʊkɩna azuuma yɔ. Akaŋgaa lɩm yɔɔlʊʊ ɛyʊ taa tɔɔnaɣ camɩyɛ.


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Maldivii
Maldivii kɛna Azii ilemiye nɛ hadɛ kiŋ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ. Pamaza Maldivii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 298 km2 nɛ ɖoli fɛyɩ se lɩm wɛɛ.Hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 26 wiye pɩnaɣ 1965 kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ. Payaɣ Maldivii ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ se Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gavon.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ maldiviyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Malee nɛ ndʊ tɩkɩlɩna walanzɩ ɖɔɖɔ.
Pɩnaɣ 2017 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ pana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 392 709 yɔ. .Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa yee pakalɩɣ ɛyaa km2 taa kɔyɔ, panaɣ-wɛ ɛzɩ 60 yɔ. Yee ɛyʊ ɛsɔɔlaa se ɛyaa nɔɔyʊ kɛ kaŋgalafu yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa kɔyɔ, pɩkɛna-ɩ kɩjɛyʊʊ se ɛma +960 ɛ-tɛ kaŋgalafu kpata yɔɔ pʊcɔ ŋɛ ɛɛma pɩtɛ ɛyʊʊ kaŋgalafu nimaɣ mayaɣ.
Liidiye nɖɩ pɔtɔkɩ-ɖɩ peeɖe yɔ payaɣ-ɖɩ se rufiva.


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Tɔnɛ nɛ ɖɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla
Tɔnɛ nɛ ɖɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla kɛ payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ size, huyuu nɛ kɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla. Pɩkɛna tɛtɛ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ huyuŋ. Tɛtɛ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ weyi ɛ-yɔɔ nɛ hʋndʋ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, nabʋyʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, hʋndʋ fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ ɛnɛ ɛyɔ.
Hʋndʋ ɛfɛyɩ tɔnɩŋ ɛnɛ ɛ-yɔɔ kɔyɔ, ŋna size kalɩhʋnʋŋ wɛna yaa mbʋ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋbnʋŋ taa size "duvet" yɔ pɛlɛzʋʋna hʋndʋ ɖeɖe nɛ kalɩhʋndʋ wɛɛ. Tɔnɩŋ nɛ ɛ-hʋndʋ tɔɔla yaa ɛ-kalɩhʋnʋŋ tʋnɛ, tɩwɛwɛna wazaɣ siŋŋ kɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ taa.
Pɩzʋʋna ɛyʋ size ɛcazɩ yaa ɛn̄ɩnɩna mbʋ esuu yaa ɛhuuzɩna e-tomnaɣ yɔɔ yɔ. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size ɛyʋ pɩzʋʋ ɛkpa nɛ ɛlabɩna tokonaa yaa pɩsaŋ yaa ɛzɩ wondu lɛɛtʋ sakɩyɛ yɔ. Ɛyʋ pɩzʋʋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛlabɩnana kalɩhʋndʋ yaa tɔnɛ nɛ ɖɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla nɛ keɖeyaɣ wondu ajana n̄ɩndʋ sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ.
Wondu ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ, palakɩna tɔna nɛ ahʋndʋ tɔɔla yaa kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yɔ, nɛ kalɩhʋnʋŋ nɛ pɛpɛdɩɣ yɔ pɩkɛ sakɩyɛ taa kpem kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ. Ɛlɛ nabʋyʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ ɖaɣ kpɩna wondu huyuŋ yaa kalɩhʋndʋ.
Pɔn̄ɔɔzʋʋ kpɩna huyuŋ yaa hʋndʋ tɔɔla camɩyɛ nɛ palakɩna paa wondʋ ndʋʋ lɛ tɩwɛ ɖeu nɛ tileɖi ɖɔɖɔ alɩwaatʋ sakɩyɛ yaa cabɩ. Ɛyaa paɣzɩna kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ nɛ wondu ndɩ ndɩ labɩnaʋ sakɩyɛ kɛ ɖoo caanaʋ taa. Ɖoo Lɔn taa ɛya yaa kajalaɣ mba kaasɩma mbʋ size kpɩna huyuŋ yaa hʋndʋ nɛ atɛ kalɩhʋnʋŋ wazaɣ siŋŋ.


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Kpentɔɔyaɣ
Kpentɔɔyaɣ kɛna lakʊ taa kpɩnɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ ɛzɩ kpoun yɔ, ɛlɛ ɖɩkɩla-kʊ paɣlʊ pazɩ. Paapɩzʊʊ pɛkpɛndɩ-kʊ tɛtɛ kpɩna nayɛ taa yem yem. Ɛlɛ papɩzʊʋ paɖʊ-kʊ kpayaa taa. Kpemtɔɔyasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Nasɩyɛ sɛwa, lɛɛsɩ wɛ caʊʊʊ tɩyɛ. Keteŋa kpeekpe yɔ pakʊ kpentɔɔyasɩ nɛ sɩteŋ tɛm yɔɔ. Mbʊ labɩna nɛ wayɩ waƴɩ alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ tɩtaa padaŋɩ kpentɔɔyasɩ kʊ yɔɔ. Eerɔpɩ taa kpentɔɔyasɩ wɛɛ nabʊlɛ taa: Ruusi ɛjaɖɛ taa nzɩ nɛ Sibeeriya nzɩ. Ameriki taa lɛ, kpentɔɔyasɩ nzɩ sɩwɛ yɔ, sɩwɛ yʊʊlaa nɛ panay-sɩ Kanadaa ɛjaɖɛ taa; payaɣ lɛsɩ se Ariktiki tɛ kpentɔɔyaɣ. Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kpentɔɔyasɩ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Kpentɔɔyasɩ nasɩ wɛɛ sɩsɩ sɛwa.
Pañɩma nɛ pana sɩze kpemtɔɔyasɩ tɩŋɛ fɛyɩ ɖeyiɖeyi. Sɩwɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa ñɩnzɩ wɛ ndɩ nɛ Hɩmalayaa nzɩ.


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Marilandɩ
Marilandɩ kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ.
Pamaza Marilandɩ ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 32 160 km2 nɛ ɖenɖe tɛtʊ ñabɩ wɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 25 338 km2 yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe lɩm ñɛwɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe ñɛwɛʊ ɛzɩ 6 968 km2 yɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 21,60 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛŋna 45 ñɩnɖɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Etazuunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ kpeekpe taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ lʊbɛ ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsʊ Etaazunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1788. Pɩnaɣ 2010 taa paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 5 773 552 yɔ.
Payaɣ Marilandɩ ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ se Larry Hogan (R) piyele nɛ komina ñʊndinaa kɔyɔ: Ben Cardin (D) nɛ Chris Van Hollen (D).
Marilandii taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Anapolis nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ nɛ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ yɔ ndʊ lɛ Baltimore.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ yɔ aŋgilisi. Ɛlɛ siŋŋŋ taa lɛ, komina maɣmaɣ tatɩɩ hada nɔɔ camɩyɛ se aŋgilisi kɛŋna kɩ-kʊnʊŋ.


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Ñazɩyʊ sɔsɔ Rafayeli
Ñazɩʊ sɔsɔ Rafayeli kɛŋna ɛsɔtaa ñazɩyaa naatoozo-tʊ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛna Mikayɛlɩ nɛ Gabrɛlɩ pasɩŋgʊna Ɛsɔ ɛsɩndaa kaɣlaa nɛ pɔyɔɔdɩɣna-ɩ. Rafaeli tɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se Ɛsɔ waɩɣ yaa Ɛsɔ waɣ kʊtɔmɩŋ. Takayaɣ kiɖeɖeɣa taa kipaɣlʊ Ɛsɔ tii Ñazɩyʊ sɔsɔ Rafaeli kɛ Tobiyasi pɩyalo Tobie cɔlɔ se ɛtɛŋna ɛ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛwaa Tobiasi yʊlʊnzɩ nɛ ɛha-ɩ Sara nɛ ɛkpaɣ-ɩ halʊ.
Ɛzɩ Mikaelɩ nɛ Gabrɩɛlɩ yɔ, pɔtɔkɩ ɛ-kasandʊ kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ 29 wiye. Pasɩmna Ñazɩyʊ sɔsɔ Rafayeli se ɛnʊ kɛŋna ɖɔɖɔ kɛ nʊmɔwoɖaa yɔɔ kandɩyʊ: paa lɩm taa, paa tataa yaa paa ɛsɔtaa. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛnʊ kɛŋna tiiyu weyi ɛ-yɔɔ Ɛsɔ tɩŋʊna nɛ ɛhaɣ e-fezu kiɖeɖeu kɛ ɛyaa yɔ.
Takayaɣ Kiɖeɖea taa lɛ, Ñazyɩʊ sɔsɔ Rafaeli yabɩna Tobiyasi nɛ Sara pa-ñʊŋ. Tobi takayaɣ taa, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Tobiyasi tiyaɣ ɛ-pɩyalʊ Tobi kɛ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ taa nɛ ɛ-pɩyalʊ ɛɛsɩŋ lɛ, Rafayeli tibina nɛ ɛsɔtaa nɛ ɛpɩsɩ ɛyʊ nɛ ɛkpaɣ hɩɖɛ se Azariyasi, Ananiya sɔsɔ piyalʊ.
Ɛsɩ-ɩ nɛ pɛɖɛʊ taa lɛ Tobi tiba pɔɔ nakayɩ taa se ɛñɔʊ lɩm nɛ ɛna kpakpayaɣ lɛ, Rafayeli heyi-i se ɛkpa-kɛ nɛ ɛlɩzɩ ka-taa hosaɣ, hɔyɛ nɛ hʊzʊŋ nɛ pɔɖɔkɩ. Patalaa nɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ paha Tobi kɛ Sara nɛ pasʊ se pahɩnɩʊ lɛ, Tobi kpaɣ hɔyɛ nɛ hʊzʊŋ nɛ ɛɖʊ ɛsɩɩ sɔzʊŋ pɛɛ tɔlɔma yɔɔ. Nɛ kpakpayaɣ sɔŋ ɖɔɔnɩ elewu nɛ ese ɛmɛlɩ Egipti hayu kiŋ. Nɛ Rafayeli ɖɛɛ nɛ ewoloɛhɔkɩ-ɩ peeɖe. Piyele hosaɣ taa lɩm kɛ eheyi Tobi nɛ ɛtaa ɛ-caa Tobiyasi ɛsɛ nɛ akuli.
Malɩŋ cɔlɔ lɛ, payaɣ-ɩ se Israfil nɛ ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ wɛna ndɩ nɛ ɛzɩ Krɩstʊ mba cɔlɔ yɔ. Peeɖe lɛ, ɛnʊ kaɣna ŋgandɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɛ yaʊ tɔm napʊtozo nɛ pɩwɩlɩ se ɛjaɖɛ tɛma nɛ pɩtala se pahʊʊna tɔm paa anɩ. Kacalaɣ taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ tɛŋ, nabʊlɛ taa lɛ, pɩfezɩɣ sɩɖaa kɛ po-ɖɔmtʊ tɛ lidau yɔɔ nɛ kpaagbaa ñɩmbʊ lɛ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalaa se pahʊʊ tɔm nɛ ɛsɩndɩnaa nɛ sɩɖaa kɛ tɔm.


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Etɛŋ
Mbʊ payaɣ se etɛŋ yɔ, pɩkɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛklʊʊ tɛ wonuu nakʊyʊ. Kɩ-pɩyʊ n̄ɩɩɩ mayaɣ kɛlɛ 50. Ki-kumoɖo yaa kɩ-mayaɣ ŋga pasɩŋna-kʊ yɔɔ lɛ Sn. Payaɣ kɩ-mayaɣ (Sn) ŋga pasɩŋna-kʊ mbʊ yɔ nɛ Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa stannum. Payaɣ ñɩɣlɩm ñɩɣtʊ natʊyʊ se krɩstalozɛɛnɩ waa. Etɛŋ kɛ ñɩɣlɩm ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa natʊyʊ. Etɛŋ kɛ ɖɔɖɔ ñɩɣlɩm ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa fɛyɩ ñɩm sakɩyɛ yɔ. Etɛŋ yuŋ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Nakʊyʊ yuŋ kɛ 120, nakʊyʊ yuŋ ñɛkɛ 118 nɛ nakʊyʊ ɖɔɖɔ yuŋ ñɛkɛ 116.
Payaɣ ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ natʊyʊ se kasiteriti (cassitérite). Ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ ndʊʊ ponuutuu nɛ palakɩ etɛŋ. Etɛŋ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ ɛzɩ mbʊ payaɣ se okɩsiidi (oxyde) SnO2 yɔ. Ɖooo caanaʊ pasɩma etɛŋ. Ŋgʊʊ polukaɣna ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ tɩɩmʊʊ kalɩkɔdaɣ yɔ. Etɛŋ ɖɔɖɔ palakaɣna ñɩɣlɩm ñɩɣyʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se pɩrɔɔzɩ yɔ. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ etɛŋ pɔɖɔɔna labɩnaʊ pɩrɔɔzɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ. Pesidiɣ etɛŋ nɛ ñɩɣlɩm ñɩɣtʊ lɛɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ palakɩna tʊmɩyɛ.


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Ruusii
Kewiyisi ndɩ ndɩ kpɛndɩna nɛ pɛkɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ kɩlɩna walʊʊ kedeŋa yɔɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa pakalɩ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ samaɣ ñʊʊ, nɛ pa-tɩlɩ se kɛkpɛndɩ miiliyɔɔwaa 146 nɛ ɛyaa kagbaanzɩ. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Aazii tɛtʊ nɛ hayi kiŋ nɛ Eerɔpʋ ñɩndʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa.
Yee pɛtɛyɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnɩʊ yɔ, hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩnʊwa nɛ nɩɩlɛ nɛ naanza nɛ pɩsɔzɩ pʊ-yɔɔ pazɩ (74,5) wɛ Azii tɛtʊ taa nɛ hɔɔlɩŋ Nɩɩlɛ nɛ kagbaanzɩ nɛ pʊsɔzɩ pʊ-yɔɔ pazɩ (23,3) ñɛwɛɛ Erɔpʊ tɛtʊ taa. Kpaɣna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ puwolo pɩtalɩ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se kpaɣna Kaliningrad tɛtʊ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩnɩ Vladivostok ñɩndʊ lɛ, Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ ɖaɣlaa pɩtalɩ kilomɛtanaa 9000 nɛ pɩɖɛɛ pʊ-yɔɔ.
Nɛ kɩwalɩ pɩtalɩ kilomɛtanaa miiliyɔɔwaa hiu nɛ lʊbɛ yɔɔ. Kɩwɛna alɩwaatʊ nimasi hiu nɛ kʊɖʊm. Ruusii tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ lɛ Mɔsɩkuu (Moscou). Rusɩɩ kʊnʊŋ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ taa. «Ruublɩ» (rouble) kɛŋna Ruusii liidiye pɔɔyaɣ. Teŋgunaa nɛ lɩŋgamɩŋ pɔcɔ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ nɛ pɩta.
Ruusii tɛtɛɛ ñɩm ɖɔ sakɩyɛ. Tɛtɛɛ ñɩm mbʊ pɩ-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ mbʊ payaɣ se uuyi (houille) yɔ nɛ fɛɛrɩ (fer) nɛ nikɛɛli (nickel) nɛ tiyamaɣ (diamant) nɛ kaɖazɩm nɛ kaazɩ (gaz) nɛ latriki miŋ weyi palabɩna lɩm yɔ. Pɩtɛkɛ piɖeke, tɛtɛɛ ñm lɛɛbʊ sɛɣa. Ñɩm ndɩ ndɩ pʊnɛ piyebina nɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖoŋ ñɩnɖɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ. Ɖoŋ ɛnʊ eyekina nɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ mʊʊ tɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ.
Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1980 ɖɩtɛnɖɛ nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1990 kɔyɔ, ɖɩna se Ruusii kapaɣsa lɛɣzɩ. Kʊ-ɖoŋ lɩɣna tadɩyɛ cɔlɔ. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ kpaɣ ɖɩ-tɩ se nɖɩ kɛŋna Erɔpʊ tɛtʊ nɛ Azii ñɩndʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa kondoloko. Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ wɛ BRICS ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Ajɛya wena awɛ ɖɔɖɔ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa yɔ ana yɔ : Siini nɛ Ɛɛndɩ nɛ Afrɩka nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Presiili.
Pɩnaɣ 1913 ñɩŋga taa pañɩnaa se patɩlɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ajɛya wena a-tɔsʊʊ kɩlɩ wobunaʊ ɛsɩndaa yɔ. Pãnɩnaa lɛ, pana se ajɛya lʊbɛ ɖeke tɔsʊʊ kɩlɩna Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ tɔsʊʊ ɖɛʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa. Tadɩyɛ nʊmɔʊ taa lɛ, ajɛya kagbaanzɩ ɖeke wɛna Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ ɛsɩndaa.


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Fɔlɩka Pɔɔ
Fɔlɩka, yɔɔdɔɣ taa lɛ, pɩlɩɣ se vɔl.ga, Ruusi taa lɛ, Boлra nɛ tatar taa lɛ, Idel kɛ lɩm pɔɔ sɔsɔ Eerɔpʊ taa. Kɛnɛ kɛ-tɛ pɔsɩ kɩkpɛndasɩ lɛ, kenidiɣ hɔɔlɩŋ niidozo yɔ lɛ hɔɔlʊʊ kʊyʊmʊʊ mbilim Ruusi Erɔpʊ ŋgʊ. Fɔlɩka lɩna Falɩdayi piiyisi nzɩ sɩ-tɛ kʊyʊ maɣna mɛta wa 228 Mɔsɩkʋʋ nɛ Saint- Pétersbourg pɔcɔ kɛkpɛndɩ Kasɩpɩyɛnɩ teŋguu taa. Ka-nʊmɔʊ ɖala ɛzɩ kilomɛta waa 3690. Papɩzɩɣ pasaɣ mɛlɛnaa pɔɔ ŋga kaɖalakɩŋ kpeekpe yɔ pɩtɩŋna ñɔzɩtʊ ndʊ palaba sakɩyɛ kpaɣdʊ nɛɛlɛ alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ.
Fɔlɩka fɛʊʊ kitibuu walanzɩ kɛ kilomɛta 1350000 kpɛɛ ko, nɛ kɩkpeelɩɣ ɛyaa ndɩ ndɩ. Fɔlɩka kɛdɛŋga wɛ tʊma sɔsɔnaa sakɩyɛ kpaɣ kedeŋga kpeekpe you alɩwaatʊ taa Ruusi ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Fɔlɩka lɩna Falɩdayi piyisi taa nɛ Mɔsɩku nɛ hayi yɔ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ ɛzɩ kilomɛta waa 320 nɛ Saint-Pétersbourg nɛ haɖɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ. Kɛɖɛnɛ piyisi nzɩ sɩyɔ lɛ, katalɩ Rjev nɛ kɛɖɛnɛ hayi wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ. Peeɖe lɛ, mɛlɛnaa cɩkpema kpakʊʊ kɩyakʊ wondu nɛ pɛyɛlɩna. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, kenidiɣ Tver (Kalinine kɩbɩnʊʊ) ŋgʊ kɩlɩ pɩnaɣ 1135 nɛ kɩwɛ habɩyɛ ndɩ ɖɩtamsɩna Mɔsɩku nɛ Saint-Pétersboug yɔ. Ɖooo lɔnda Krɛsɩ kɛsɩma Fɔlɩka pɔɔ nɛ payaɣ-kɛ se Rha. Ruusi cɩmɩŋ aleeya taal lɛ pasɩma Fɔlɩka nɛ hɩɖɛ ɖɩnɛ yɔ, Fɔlɩka Ɖoyo pɩlɩna kɛ-tɛ yuŋ yɔ. Kaakɛ ɖooo kpaɖɩŋ sakɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ taa Ruusi wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kamaɣ.
Fɔlɩka fɛʊʊ wɛna tɛtɛ ñɩm ɛzɩ kanwa nɛ ɖɔm. Fɔlɩka handala fɛʊʊ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Kasɩpɩyɛnɩ teŋguu nɔsɩ yɔ kpɛɛ wɛ ñɩm kpakpasɩ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Lɔɔŋ kuhuyuŋ sakɩyɛ kpaɣ Mɔsɩku nɛ Don Fɔlɩka nɛ mɛlɛ nɔmɔʊ Fɔlɩka Pasalɩtɩkɩ tamsʊʊ Mɔsɩku nɛ teŋguu kʊhʊlʊmʊ nɛ Pasalɩtɩkɩ teŋguu nɛ Azov teŋgu nɛ Kasɩpɩyɛnɩ teŋgu nɛ teŋguu kɩkpɛdʊʊ. Pɩtɛ tamsʊʊ mbʊ pɩlina Fɔlɩka ngʊ kɩkɛ ñʊʊ yɔ pɩsɩna teŋguu naa kɩgbanzɩ tɛ wɛtʊ.
Kedeŋga kpeekpe you wayi lɛ, palɩzɩ kpeuu taa lɩmazɩyɛ ndɩ lɛ, ñɔzʊʊ lɩmazɩyɛ pɩnaɣ 1920 nɛ papazɩɣ-ɖɩ labʊ. Pɩlɩna nɛ pʊyɔ nɛ pama lɩm kɩkam kodoloko waa ɛzɩ hiu mbʊ yɔ Fɔlɩka pɔɔ yɔ nɛ kɛ-tɛ pɔsɩ kɩkpɛdasɩ yɔ Kama nɛ Oufa nɛ pɩpɩsɩ kujomɩŋ sɔsɔŋ weyi paɖɩ-ɩ yɔ. Pɩkpeekpe pɩpɩsɩ lɩm ɖɩvalɩyɛ mbʊ payaɣ se Fɔlɩka-kama yɔ.


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Krɛsɩ
Payaɣ Krɛsɩ nɛ caanaʊ Krɛkɩ taa se «République hellinique». Payaɣ-kʊ se «Kr ɛkɩ démocratique» nɛ katharévousa kʊnʊŋ taa. Dhimokratía kɛ Eerɔɔpʊ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ tɛtʊ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ Eerɔɔpʊ ajɛya kpɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Krɛsɩ wɛ Balkans hɔɔlɩŋ nɛ hadɛ tɩnaa yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se «Athènes».
Krɛsɩ walanzɩ kɛ kilomɛɛtɩ waa 131 957. Ɖɩ-samaɣ n̄ʊʊ kɛ nabʊyʊ fɛyɩ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa hiu nɛ kʊɖʊm. Krɛsɩ nɛ ajɛya anɛ yɔ pasɩŋna ɖama kamasɩ. Ajɛya anaa yɔ : Alɩbanii nɛ Yukosɩlaavʊ ɛjhaɖɛ kɩbɩnɖɛ (Yukosɩlaavʊ ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Maseduwaanɩ tɛtʊ taa) nɛ Puligaarɩ nɛ Turikii. Teŋgu lɩm hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, Krɛsɩ nɛ Alɩbanii nɛ Italii nɛ Liibii nɛ Egipiti nɛ Turikii.
Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, Krɛsɩ sɩna Iyoniyɛɛnɩ teŋgu. Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, Krɛsɩ sɩna Eejee teŋgu. Mediteraanii teŋgu lɩm cɔ Krɛsɩ kpɛɛɛ. Pɛtɛyɩ Krɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlɩŋ kagbaanzɩ yɔ, hɔɔlʊʊ kʊɖʊmʊʊ wɛna tɛtʊ cikpetu cikpetu ndʊ tɩwɛ lɩm hɛkɩŋ taa yɔ sakɩyɛ. Tɛtʊ cikpetu cikpetu ndʊ tɩtala ɛzɩ kudokiŋ nakʊ mbʊ yɔ. Krɛsɩ wɛna ɖɔɖɔ tɛtʊ cikpetu ndʊ tɩkɩlɩ kɔzʊʊ kpem nɛ lɩm cɔɔ-tʊ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pɩta yɔ sakɩyɛ. Tʊtʊ talɩ ɛzɩ mɩnɩŋ naalɛ mbʊ yɔ.
Ɛyaa wɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa. Pɛtɛyɩ Krɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɔm mɩnʊʊ yɔ, hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩnʊwa nɛ nɩɩdozo wɛna pʊŋ sakɩyɛ. Pʊŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-taa ŋgʊ kɩkɩlɩ paɣlʊʊ yɔ payaɣ-kʊ se Olimpɩ pʊʊ. Kʊ-kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ kɛ mɛtanaa 2917.
Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1952 taa Krɛsɩ sʊ OTAN ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Krɛsɩ sʊ Eerɔɔpʊ tɛtʊ kpɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1981. Pɩnaɣ 2001 taa lɛ Krɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ sʊʊ «Zone euro» ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɖi-liidiye kɛ «zone euro».
Krɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ caanaʊ tɔm wɛ huŋ camɩyɛ. Caanaʊ Krɛsɩ sɔnzɩ nɛ kɩ-lɩmaɣzɛ nɛ kɩ-tanaʊ yaa ɛzɩma mbʊ kɩcalɩzɩɣ ɛyaa ɛza yɔ piyeba nɛ Roma tɛtʊ lɛɣzɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se Roma ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋna Krɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ lakasɩ yaa ɖɩ-wɛtʊ natʊyʊ yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩlɛɣzɩ ɖɩ-lakasɩ nasɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Halɩ pɩkɔma pɩla se Roma ɛjaɖɛ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ pɩsɩ Krɛsɩ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ. Mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ pɩlaba hɛɛɛ hɛɛɛ nɛ Trebizɔɔndɩ nɛ Epiiri nɛ Misitra yaa Dorosɩ pɛ-tɛtʊ pɩsɩ Krɛsɩ n̄ɩndʊ.
Pɩnaɣ 1830 taa Krɛsɩ tɛtʊ pɩsɩ komina ŋgʊ kɩwɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, kɩlaba you nɛ Otomanɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ pʊcɔ kɩpɩzɩ kɩwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se Otomanɩ ɛjaɖɛ kpacayaɣna Krɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ.


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Misisipii Pɔɔ
Misisipii kɛ lɩm pɔɔ sɔsɔ ŋga kɛwɛ Amerika nɛ hayi kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ kɛtɛzɩɣ Etaazuunii hɛkʊ taa hɔɔlʊʊ. Kekpeŋna Minnesota nɛ hayi kiŋ Mɛkɩsɩkɩ teŋguu lɩm kɩsʊsʊm nɛ kɛ-tɛ kpem ɖɛnɩɣ nɛ haɖɛ yɔ kiŋ. Misisipii ɖalakɩŋ maɣna kilomɛta waa 3780 nɛ kɛ-tɛ pɔɔ kɩkpɛndaɣ kʊyʊmaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Misuuri kɩlɩna ɖalɩɩɣ Amerika nɛ hayi kiŋ. Pɔsɩ nzɩ sɩ-naalɛ sɩ-tɛ kpɛndɩɣ ɖalakɩŋ cɛzɩɣ kilomɛta waa 6800 nɛ kɛ-tɛ fɛɛʊ kitibuu walanzɩ yeba se Misipii pɔɔ ɛpɩsɩ pɔsɩ sɔsɔsɩ taa pɔɔ sɔsɔ kedeŋga kpeekpe taa nɛ Misuuri-Misisipii fɛɛʊ pɩsɩ kɩkɩlʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ cɩnɛ.
Pɔcɔ Christophe Colomb alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, Misisipii kɛtɛma kɛʊ mɛlɛna nɔmɔʊ sɔsɔʊ nɛ ka-hayi kiŋ Ojibwés waa yawaɣ se Misi-ziibi, pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɔɔ sɔsɔ nɛ paɖanɩ kpaʊ nɛ anasaayi taa pɩnaɣ 1666 nɛ paya se Mesipi. Misisipi kɛdɛŋga kɩtɛyʊʊ cɔnɩna pʊyɔ mbʊ lɛ, kpɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛɛ ndɩ ɖɩlɩɣ pɩnaɣ 1879 yɔ pɔɔ ŋga kɛkɛ sɔnɔ pɔyʊ siŋ tɔsʊʊ huuu nɛ ɛsakuliye ñɩnɩɣnɔmɔʊ taa Amerika ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Misisipii lɩna Itaska teŋguu nɛ hayi kiɖe tɛ (Minnesota nɛ hayi kiŋ) pʊposa ɛzɩ mɛt waa 450 yɔ nɛ teŋguu nɛ kɩ-hayi kiŋ. Pɔɔ talɩ kpɛdɛ kpɛdɛ mɛta waa 220 Anthony kiɖeɖeʊ lɩm ɖɩfalɩyɛ wayi pʊñɔtɩna kpam Minneapoli. Illinois nɛ Misuuri pɛkpɛndʊʊ ka-ta Louis kiɖeɖeʊ nɛ Ohio nɛ Kairo.
Misisipii ɛwadɩyɛ fɛɛʊ lɩm kpɛlɛkʊʊ kɛnɛ sɔsɔʊ Amerika nɛ hayi taa nɛ kɩ-kɛ natozo ŋgʊ kedeŋga kpeekpe taa ɛlɛ Amazonii nɛ Koŋgo pakɩlɩɣ-kʊ. Kɩ-tɛ walanzɩ kpeekpe maɣna kilomɛta waa 3238000 kpɛɛ ko. Misisipii fɛɛʊ kitibuu kpaɣ mbilim Etaazuunii ajɛyɛ 31 nɛ Kanadaa kewiyaɣ tɛ ajɛyɛ naalɛ. Pɛtɛyi fɛɛʊ sɔsɔʊ ŋgʊ fɛɛʊ cɩkpeŋ loɖo weyi ɛmʊna pɔsɔ cɩkpesɩ nɛ pɔsɩ sɔsɔsɩ yɔ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pɔsɩ kɩkpɛdasɩ nzɩ sɩ-kɩlɩɣ ɖalɩɣ yɔ Misuuri (kilomɛta waa 4370) Arkansas nɛ Ohio… Tɛzʊʊ taa lɛ, pɔɔ fɛɛʊ ŋgʊ kɩwadɩɩ walanzɩ kɔyɔ kilomɛta waa 90000 kpɛɛ ko. Ɛyaa miilliyɔɔ waa 72 wɛ Misisipii kɛdɛŋga taa yaa Amerika tʊ kʊyʊm naanza yɔɔ.
Misisipii faɣzɩɣ hɔɔlʊʊ sɔsɔʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ kaŋ pʊʊ yɔ nɛ apalasɩ waa pɛ-hɛkʊ taa ɛlɛ hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩñɔtɩna kujomɩŋ sɔsɔŋ yɔ fɛyi pɩta. Kɛtɛzɩɣ ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ Minnesota nɛ Wisconsin nɛ Iowa nɛ Illinois nɛ Misouri nɛ Kentucky nɛ Arkansas nɛ Tennessee nɛ Mississipi nɛ Luwiiziyaana pʊcɔ kɛkpɛndɩ Mɛkisiki kɩdaŋgʊʊ lɩm taa, kilomɛta waa 160 kɛ lɩm ɖɩgbende tɛ nɛ Orléans Kɩfalʊʊ. Tɛʊ lɩm ɛtosa toyi Itaska teŋguu taa kɔyɔ pɩkpakʊʊ kɩyakɩŋ 90 pʊcɔ pɩkpɛndɩɣ Mɛkisiki kɩdaŋgʊʊ lɩm taa.


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Pɛyɛɛ caɣʋ sɩʋkpelaɣ
Pɛɛyɛ Caɣʊ Sɩʊkpelaɣ (La Statue de la Liberté) kɛ patasɩɣ yaʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Pɛɛyɛ Caɣʊ Sɩʊkpelaɣ mʊntʊsʊʊ tʊsʊʊ keteŋa yɔɔ. Pɛɛyɛ Caɣʊ Sɩʊkpelaɣ ŋgʊ kɩkɛna Etaazuuni taa kɛ aŋjaʊnaa taa ŋgʊ kɩwɛ mba pakɩla kɛʊ sɔndɩŋ yɔ pa-taa. Aŋjaʊ sɔsɔʊ kʊnɛ kɩwɛ Niyuu Yɔrɩkɩ tɛ tɛtʊ ñabɩ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-tʊ nɛ pɩta yɔ nɛ payaɣ-tʊ se Isilandɩ Pɛɛyɛ Caɣʊ Sɩʊkpelaɣ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛ Manataŋ nɛhadɛ kiŋ nɛ pɩñɔtɩna ɖenɖe Hudsɔŋ pɔɔ kpeŋ teŋu taa yɔ, pɩwɛ Eliisi Isilandɩ cɔlɔ.
Aŋaʊ kʊnɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ palɩzɩ-kʊ nɛ Fransɩwaa ha-kʊ Amerika mba alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pɔtɔkaɣ pa-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kasandʊ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩʊ yɔ. Palaba mbʊ se pɩwɩlɩ ɖama nɩnaʊ nɛ taabalɩyɛ nɖi ɖɩwɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩnaalɛ tɩ-hɛkʊ taa yɔ. Aŋjaʊ kʊnɛ pokula kʊ-yɔɔ kɛ aloma fenaɣ 28 pɩnaɣ 1886 nɛ palakaɣ pɩ-tɛ sɔnzɩ nzɩ lɛ Amerika tɛtʊ ñʊʊtʊ Grover Cleveland kaawɛɛ. Fransɩɩ taa weyi ɛcalɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ lɩzɩɣ yɔ ɛnʊ lɛ tɔm hʊyʊ nɛ sukuli sɔsɔʊ wɩlɩyʊ Édouard de Laboulaye, pɩnaɣ 1865. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ pakpaɣ tʊmɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ paɖʊzɩ aŋjaŋ mayʊ Auguste Bartholdi kɛ pɩnaɣ 187. Pɩlaba mbʊ lɛ Auguste Bartholdi yaa ɛ-taabalʊ Eugène Viollet-le-Duc se ɛsɩna-ɩ nɛ pana se pataa ñɩɩyʊʊ ŋgʊ kʊtɔlɩm. Pɩnaɣ 1879 taa Eugène Viollet-le-Duc sɩba lɛ, Auguste Bartholdi yele ɛna ɛŋzɩɛrɩ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Gustave Eiffel se ɛlɛ ɛcɔna nɛ ɛna se kɩ-taa lɛ pataa tɔlɩm mbʊ.
Aŋjaʊ kʊnɛ kɩwɛ UNESCO patrimoine mondial taa ɖooo pinaɣ 1942. Aŋjaʊ kʊnɛ kɩkɛ aŋjaʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɩlɩɣ kpem se paa anɩ lɛ ɛwɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛla mbʊ ɛpɩzɩɣ yɔ kaalɛyɩtʊ. Aŋjaʊ kʊnɛ kɛkɛ ɛsɩyɛ-egbena sɩŋŋŋ nɛ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ sɔɔla se powolo nɛ pana-kʊ. Ɛlɛ ñam ñam lakasɩ nzɩ sɩɩlaba Amerika tɛtʊ taa kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ hiu nɛ kʊɖʊm pɩnaɣ 2001 yɔ sɩ-yɔɔ lɛ paɖaŋga se nɔɔyʊ ɛtaatasɩ wobu ɛsɩyɛ-egbena. Pɔkɔma paha nʊmɔʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2009 ɛlɛ paatasɩɣ tisiɣ se mba powoki se pana yɔ pɔɖɔɔ. Pɩkɔma lɛ paɖɩɣ peeɖe wobʊ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna aloma fenaɣ hiu nɛ naalɛ pɩnaɣ 2012 mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, patasaɣ andema nayɛ kɛ sɔzʊʊ nɛ patasaɣ ɖɔɖɔ ñɔɔzʊʊ se pɩtasɩ wɛʊ ɖeu. Pɛtɛma tʊma ana lɛ patʊlɩ se paa anɩ ewolo ɛna ɛlɛ efemiye naɖɩyɛ yem lɛ papaɣzɩ ɖaŋgʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ helim sɔsɔm mbʊ payaɣ se Ouragan Sandy yɔ pɩcɛyaɣ. Hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ naanza pɩnaɣ 2013 taa kɛ pɔkɔma paɖaɣnɩ yebu se ɛyaa ewolo ɛsɩyɛ-egbena ɛlɛ lɛɛlɛɛ yɔ ɛyaa ɛtasɩɣ sɩŋgʊ kɛ aŋjaʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-cɔlɔ kpam yem mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pañɩnɩɣ se ɖiɣ ɖiɣ caɣʊ ɛwɛɛ.


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Cɛɛkɩ
Cɛɛkɩ kɛnɛ Eerɔpʊ nɛ hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ teŋgu nakʊyʊ wɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩcɔlɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, samaɣ tɔʊ caca nɛ palɩzɩ kewiyaɣ ñʊʊtʊ. Pʊcɔ nɛ palɩzɩ peeɖe paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, patɩŋgʊʊna takayɩsɩ ɖʊzʊʊ yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ. Caca ŋgʊ pɔtɔʊ-kʊ yɔ kɩwɩʊ ɖiu ɖiu nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ taa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ lɛɣzɩʊ kɩfam mbʊ pɩlɩwa yɔ nɛ payaɣ-pʊ se Temokraasii yɔ, pɩwɛ peeɖe.
Ɖi-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 78 870 km2 yɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ 2017 taa pakala ɛyaa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda 10 578 820. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖi-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖi payaɣ-ɖɩ se Pɔlɔɔñɩ yɔ nɖɩ wɛna, piyele nɛ Caama ñɛwɛna ɖi-hayʊ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖi-hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, Otirisi ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Siloovakii ɛjaɖɛ wɛna ɖɩ-hadɛkiŋ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖi-taa ageeta sɔsɔna wena awɛ ɖɩ-taa yɔ, ataa kɔyɔ: Powɛmɩ, Moɖaavi nɛ Silezi hɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖooo lɛ ɖɩɩkɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖi payaɣ-ɖi se Cekɔsiloovaki yɔ ɖɩ-taa egeeiye naɖɩyɛ pʊcɔnɛ pɩnaɣ 1969 lɛ pacɩɩ-ɖi nɛ ɖɩpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ keem.
Cɛɛkɩ mʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1993. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ OTAN ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɖooo lakɩŋ fenaɣ hiu nɛ naalɛ (12) pɩnaɣ 1999 nɛ Eerɔpʊ ɖama nɩnaʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɖooo agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ kajalaɣ ñɩŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 2004. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩtɛ kɩɖaʊ kɛdɛɛka wondu kanɖa kɔyɔ se Teevenim Wakɩ nɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ payaɣ se ɖa-caa Miloŝ Zeman nɛ kewiyaɣ ñʊʊdʊ payaɣ se Bohuslav Sobotka. Kʊnʊmɩŋ weyi pɔyɔɔdʊʊ kominanaa tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlɩɣ sukulinaa taa yɔ ɩnʊʊ lɛ cɛɛkɩ nɛ piraagɩ. Pʊcɔ nɛ ɛyʊ yaa lɛlʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖi-taa lɛ, pɩwɛɛ se ɛma +420 pʊcɔ nɛ ɛɛma ɛ-tɛ kaŋgalafu nimaɣ mayaɣ.


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Kiŋ Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ
Kiŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ (paɖanɩɣ-ɖɩ maʊ se Ch'ing yaa Siŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ yaa Ciŋ kewiyaaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ, Siini kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, 清朝, Pinyin taa lɛ, qīng cháo, Wade taa lɛ, Ch'ing ch'ao, mandchou kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Daicing gurun, mongol kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, MaHж ЧиH yлc, kɩ-tɛ nɛ mandchoue tɛ), kɩkɛ kpaagba kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1644 ŋtalɩ 1912. Kɛlɛza wayi wayi Han kewiyaɣ nɛ Miŋ kewiyaɣ. Potula you nɛ Miŋ ɛyaa pɩnaɣ 1644 pazɩtʊ caca mbʊ lɛ, pamʊ kewiyaɣ ɖɛfɛɛ ɖɛfɛɛ Siini kpeekpe taa. Pamʊ Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ pɩnaɣ 1644 nɛ pasɩ politiki kewiyaɣ kɩfalaɣ, Kiŋ Sɔsɔ Ampiiri nɛ Siini wɛ pe-kewiyaɣ nesi tɛɛ.
Kpaɣɖʊ 19 hɛkʊ alɩwaatʊ naalɛ ndʊ taa, Kiŋ Ampiiri tɔla, ɛlɛ, pɩlɩna ɖama hɛkɩŋ taa yoŋ pɩtɩŋna ajɛyɛ lɛɛna tɛ seɣee waa yɔɔ nɛ pɩtɛmna se Xinhai waa tɛ kpɛlɩ lɛɛzɩɣ tuza pe-kewiyaɣ nɛ piyele Siini ɛjaɖɛ pɩsɩ mbʊ ɖɩsɩna-ɖɩ sɔnɔ yɔɔ. Kiŋ kewiyaɣ tɛma lɛɣla fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 12 ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1912 taa, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pɩ-wiyaʊ kpaagba ñɩnʊ kiza kewiyaɣ, mbʊ lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ loɖo.
Kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ kaañɔɔ ɛlɛ, pɩtɛkɛ Siini ɛyaa mba payaɣ-wɛ se Han waa yɔ tɩna kɛ-tɛ kiɖe. Ɛyaa mba pakɩlɩ ɖɔʊ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛlɛ, mandchous ɛyaa mba pɔdɔɖɔɔ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ ɖa-evema ana a-taa yɔ mba tɩna ke-kiɖe. Mandchous ɛyaa kɛ Jurchens (女真) liɖe taa ɛyaa, pɩkɛ toungouse ɛyaa mba paawɛ egeetiye ndɩ ɖɩ-taa wɛ nɔnɔ kɛ Ruusi ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlʊʊ tɛ ɛyaa tɛ nɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Heilongjiang yɔ kɩ-taa.
Nurhaci kaakɛ cejewiye cikpeɖe naɖɩyɛ tɛ wiyaʊ ndɩ Jurchen kɛ Jianzhou taa, kpaɣɖʊ 12 paɣzɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ. Vassal kiŋgi kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ tɛ, nɛ ehiɣ tɔm kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1582 taa nɛ mandchou cejewaɣ ndɩ ndɩ. Sɔɔjana yoŋ kɛ ɛyaa mba pɛ-hɛkɩŋ taa pɩsɩ kpɛlɩ ɛjaaɖɛ tɩŋga you, nɛ pʊpɔzʊʊ se pɛkpɛndɩ Jurchen nɛ Jianzhou cejewaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1616 pazɩtʊ taa ca lɛ, Nurhaci kaawɛna kewiyaɣ ɖoŋ sakɩyɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa mbʊ lɛ, ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛ-yaa ɛ-tɩ se Jin Sɔsɔʊ ñʊʊ tʊ ɛlɛ, ɛtɩɣzɩna Jurchen kɩbɩnʊʊ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ.
Pɩnaɣ 1635, Huang Taiji kpaɣ Mandchou hɩɖɛ nɛ kɩ-tɛ maʊ kpata nɛ ɛ-yaa na Jurchen samaɣ tɩŋga. Pɩnaɣ 1636 taa lɛ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Ejéi khan, Ligdan Khan, mongol sɔsɔʊ ñʊʊtʊ weyi ɛsɩba pɩteleɖi yɔ pɩyalʊ cɛlɛ-ɩ Yuan kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ kɩɖaʊ ɖoŋ yɔ, Huang Taiji kpaɣ mandchou se Ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɛ-yaa-ɖɩ se Kiŋ Sɔsɔʊ, eyele Khan hɩɖɛ, wiyaʊ sɔsɔ tɛ ñɩnɖɛ.


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Tɛsoŋgiye pɩnaɣ
Tɛsoŋgiye pɩnaɣ yaa soŋgaɣ pɩnaɣ kɛna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɛtʊ kpakʊʊ nɛ tʊcɔɔ tɩ-tɩ yɔɔ kpɛɛɛ kɛ wɩsɩ nɛ tɩta yɔ. Tɛsoŋgiye pɩnaɣ yaa soŋgaɣ pɩnaɣ wɛna kandɩ nɛ pɩnaɣ ŋga payaɣ se mʊndʊsʊʊ pɩnaɣ yɔ. Mʊndʊsʊʊ pɩnaɣ ñɛkɛŋna ñɩɩyʊ ŋgʊ kɩmaɣzʊʊ mʊndʊzʊʊ seɣa kɛ heelim taa pɩnaɣ pilim yɔ. Ñɩɩyʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-mayaɣ kɔyɔ: AL yaa A.L yaa ɖɔɖɔ a.l. Yee pamaaza ɖenɖe mʊndusuu ŋgʊ kɩɖɛ pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ taa kɔyɔ, pɩkpɛnda kilomɛtanaa 9 461 miliyaarɩ. Kɛlɛm kɛlɛm kʊɖʊmʊʊ taa lɛ, mʊndʊsʊʊ seu kilomɛtanaa 300 000.
Pɩnaɣ kanɛ yaa tɛsoŋgiye pɩnaɣ kanɛ kɛwɛ ndɩ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ nabʊlɛ ɖeyi ɖeyi tɛyʊ pɩnaɣ yaa pɩnaɣ sɔsɔ. Kanɛ kaka kɛŋna pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa avema kpɛnda 366 yɔ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pɩnzɩ lɛɛsɩ ɛɛtalʊʊ mbʊ nɛ sɩsɩɣʊna avema 365. Pɩkɛna pɩnaɣ ŋga papɩsʊʊ payaa ɖɔɖɔ se nabʊlɛ kɩmaŋ tɛyʊ pɩnaɣ yaa looɖowaa naalɛtɛyʊʊ pɩnaɣ yaa ɖɔɖɔ nodozowaa naalɛ pɩnaɣ. Pɩkɛna pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa lɛlaɣ fenaɣ wɛna kɩyakɩŋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ nakʊ yɔ. Mbʊ yɔ, lɛlaɣ fenaɣ ŋga avema nɛɛlɛ nɛ nakʊ kɩkɩla wɛnaʊ. Nabʊlɛ ɖeyi ɖeyi tɛyʊ pɩnaɣ kɔŋ paa pɩnzɩ naanza nzɩ wayɩ ɛlɛ nabʊyʊ taa pɩpɩzʊ pucɖi. Nabʊlɛ ɖeyi ɖeyi tɛyʊ pɩnzɩ taa kɔyɔ: 2016, 2020, 2024, 2028, 2032 mbʊ mbʊ.


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Harvard sukulɩ kɩtɛzʊʊ
Harvard sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ (Harvard University), yaa kɛlɛʊ taa payaɣ se Harvard, kɩkɛ Amerika mɛwɛ mantɩyɔɔ sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ nɛ kɩwɛɛ Cambridge tɛtʊ taa, Boston kɩjaʊ yɔɔ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ lɛ mbʊ yɔ, Massachusetts taa. Patʊlɩ-kʊ aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 pɩnaɣ 1636, pɩkɛ sukuli ŋgʊ kɩ-taa pawɩlɩɣ sukuli sɔsɔʊ tɔm, kɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ŋgʊ kɩkɩlɩ pɩnʊʊ yɔ kɛ Amerika taa. Kɩ-taa sukuli piyaa sɔsɔsɩ 70 mbʊ yɔ hiɣ Nobel liidiye kɩhɛyʊʊ.
Sukʊlɩ kɩ-taa wɩlɩyaa kpɛnda 2497 nɛ pawɩlɩɣ sukuli piyaa 6715 kɛ kajalaɣ tindimiye (Ɛnglɩsɩ kʊnʊŋ taa undergraduate) nɛ sukuli piyaa sɔsɔsɩ tindimiye naalɛ tɛ kɛ ɛyaa 12424 (graduate). Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 2004 lɛ pakalɩɣ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa sukuli piyaa nzɩ sɩkɔma kɩ-taa kɔyɔ pɛkpɛndɩ sukuli piyaa 132, palɩna ajɛyɛ ndɩ ndɩ taa.
Kɔlɛɛzɩ ŋgʊ keekee ɛzɩ ɖɩsɩm-kʊ sɔnɔ yɔ, patʊlɩ-kʊ pɩnaɣ 1636, pɩtɩŋna paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa caja nakʊyʊ yɔɔ Massachusetts tɛtʊ taa (Massachusetts Bay Colony). Paya-kʊ hɩɖɛ se Harvard pɩlɩna mbʊ paɖʊ hɩɖɛ John Harvard, Charlestown tʊ, ɛɛkɛ pastor siɣsiɣ tʊ weyi pɩnaɣ 1638 eyebina ɛ-takayasɩ kɩkalɩsɩ ɖɩɣa nɛ ɛ-ñɩm hɔɔlʊʊ kɛ sukuli kɩfalʊʊ ŋgʊ yɔ. Kɩ-tɛ pazɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, sukuli piyaa sɔsɔsɩ kaakpɛnda nakʊ yeke nɛ wɩlɩyʊ kʊyʊm, Nathanel Eaton.
Sukuli ɖɩna paɣlʊʊ mbʊ lɛ, wɩlɩtʊ wɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ wɩlɩyaa sɔsaa kɔŋ sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ, pa-taa kɔyɔ keɣsi tʊ Henry Longfellow (1807-1882) nɛ James Russell Lowell (1817-1891), ɛyʊ yɔɔ lɩmaɣza wɩlɩyaa William James (1842-1910), George Santayana (1863-1952) nɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛɣtʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɩlɩyʊ Louis Agassiz (1807-1873).


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Millau tɛ Fiyatiki
Millau tɛ Fiyatiki kɛna kondoloko ŋgʋ kɩwɛ ñɩɣtʋ nimaɣ (haubans) yɔ. Tarn kɛdɛɛŋga yaa kɩ-fɛɛʋ lɩm kpeŋna kɩ-tɛɛ. Kɩ-wɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ Aveyron egeetiye hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Habɩyɛ sʋsɔyɛ yaa lɔɔɖa habɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ paya-ɖɩ size A75. Lɔɔŋ ɛnɛ: Causse Rouge nɛ Larzac parɩkpɛndɩ kɛna kondoloko ŋgʋ.
Kondoloko ŋgʋ, kɩ-ɖalakɩŋ yaa kɩ-kʋkɩyɩmɩŋ taa talɩɣ ɛzɩ mɛtɛwaa 2460 mbɩ yɔ. Nɛ kilingiŋ yaa kʋjʋkazŋ taa ma-kʋʋna ɛzɩ mɛtɛwaa 343 mbɩ yɔ. kɩ-wɛna Panorama ŋgʋ yɔ, kɩ-paɣla siŋŋ nɛ kɩwɛ camɩyɛ pɩdɩ fɛyɩ. Helim mbʋ pɩmakɩ yaa pɩfɛtʋ peɖe yɔ, pɩtalɩɣ ɛzɩ mɛtɛwaa kudokiŋ ɛzɩ 200 mbɩ yɔ.
Habɩyɛ sʋsɔyɛ tɛ kondoloko ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ajɛɛ lɛɣna lakɩ tadɩyɛ yaa ɖɔŋna tadɩyɛ wonduu kondoloko habɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩyɔ. Habɩyɛ sʋsɔyɛ A75 ɖɩnɛ, nɖɩ yekina nɛ Clermont-Ferrand kpɩtɩna Béziers. Tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩlɩmazaɣ lɛɣtʋ nɛ liidiye nɖɩ pɩɩpɔzʋ yɔ kpaɣʋ kpɛlɩkɩtʋ pɔza Pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ naadozo (13) mbʋ yɔ.
Pabazaɣ kɩmaʋ kpɛlɩkɩtʋ lɩmaza pɩnaɣ 1987 taa. Nɛ pɩcaɣ size pabazɩ tʋmɩyɛ pɩnaɣ 2004 taa kɛ evemiye hiu loɖo n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa mbɩ yɔ. Pɩnzɩ naadozo wayɩ ɖeke koŋ mbɩ yɔ nɛ pasɩɩ kɔɔnɔɔ kaaʋ.
Liidiye n̄ʋʋ ŋgʋ pagba-kʋ nɛ palabɩna tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ yɔ, ɖɩtala ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔwaa mɩnɩŋ naadozo nɛ hiŋ naalɛ (320) mbɩ yɔ ɛzɩ payaʋ anaasayɩwaa tɛ size euro yɔ. Ŋgbɛ nɖɩ paya-ɖɩ size Eiffage yɔ, nɖɩ cɛlɩna liidiye n̄ʋʋ kʋnɛ nɛ pɩbɩzɩ pɩsɩna tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖiɖeɖe.


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Plʊtɔnɩyɔm
Plʊtɔnɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 94 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Pu. Ɛkɛ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi ɛtɔʊʊ cɛnzɩ yɔ nɛ ɛ-tɛ nɛ akɩtɩnɩdɩ waa tɛ kiŋ. Ɛwɛ ɛzɩ ɖɔmbɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-nɔsɩ wɛɛ niikaɣ kɛlɛ pɩcaɣ kpʊzɩyɛɛ liidiye tɩyɛ, nɛ peyeba-ɩ helim taa yem kɔyɔ alɩwaatʊ ŋñɩɩ mbʊ yɔ ɛpɩsɩɣ kpʊzɩyɛɛ puwokina tɩŋ hatʊ kpɛdɩŋ yɔɔ.
Palaba plʊtɔnɩyɔm nɛ palɩzɩ-ɩ eyeke kajalaɣ ɖeɖe lɛ pɩɩkɛ pɩnaɣ 1940 Kaliforni sukuli sɔsɔʊ taa Berkeley, ɛlɛ panaza kɩnazʊʊ ʊranɩyɔm 238 pɩtɩŋna dɛtɛrɩyɔm yɔɔ. Ɛtɩŋga ʊranɩyɔm nɛ nɛptʊnɩyɔm pawayi kɛ pʊtʊnaa caɣyɛ kpata taa mbʊ lɛ, pɛkɛdɩna Plutin nɛ paya-ɩ ɛ-hɩɖɛ, weyi ɛlɛ tɩŋa Uranisi nɛ Nɛptiinɩ wayi kɛ wɩsɩ wɛtʊ taa. Takɩɣ nɛ wiluu yɔɔ pɩtɩŋna nɛ pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛwɛɛ, ɛyʊ tɩtɩŋa lubina-ɩ, kɛlɛ pɔtɔŋ se paana-ɩ cazʊʊ cazʊʊ ʊranɩyɔm ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ taa.
Plʊtɔnɩyɔm kɛ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-tɛ nɛ akɩtɩnɩdɩ waa tɛ yɔ, kɛlɛ ɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊnaa lalaa yɔ, e-tomnaɣ caɣ liidiye tɩyɛ, pɩñɩlɩsɩɣ ɛzɩ nɩkɛlɩ yɔ. Helim taa lɛ ɛtɩ pɩsɩɣ calʊʊlʊ, nɛ pana tɔlɩm pɩsɛ ɛzɩ sʊtʊ lɩm tɩyɛ nɛ tɩŋ hatʊ kpɛdɩŋ tɩyɛ.


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Calɩm fɩɣa (Cœur)
Calɩm fɩɣa yekina nɛ ɛyʊ calɩm cɔʊ e-tomnaɣ taa. Hola naayɛ wɛ calɩm fɩɣa taa. Calɩm fɩɣa kaɣ wɛʊ kulubi tɩyɛ, ɛlɛ, ɖɩtapazɩ ɖɩwɛɛ kulubi. Ɖɩwɛ sɔɔɔ tɩyɛ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɖɩlaba ɖalʊʊ yɔɔ. Ɖɩ-taa nɛ pɔʊ nɛ calɩm yaɣna pɔʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa.
Ɛyʊ wɛna pilinzi ndɩ ndɩ. Ñʊʊ wɛɛ, nesi wɛɛ, naŋgbanzɩ wɛɛ, lotu wɛɛ nɛ laŋɩyɛ ñɛwɛɛ. Laŋɩyɛ taa calɩm fɩɣa wɛɛ. Hʊzɩŋ hɛkʊ taa calɩm fɩɣa wɛɛ. Ɛlɛ, ɖi-yuŋ kpilina hʊzɩŋ lɩmɩyɛ yɔɔ kiŋ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ laŋgɩyɛ nɛ lɩmɩyɛ yɔɔ kiŋ ɛyʊ calɩm fɩɣa kpilinaa.
Pʊ-yɔɔ pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu se ɛyʊ ɛɖʊ kaŋgalafu e-toko kabaɣ taa ɛ-laŋɩyɛ yɔɔ. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔɔ, yee ɛɖʊ-kʊ mbʊ nɛ pʊtʊʊzɩna se nɔɔyʊ yaɣ-ɩ kɔyɔ, kiselesiɣ ɛ-laŋɩyɛ yɔɔ peeɖe. Kiselesiɣ mbʊʊ yɔ, piciidiɣ ɛ-calɩm fɩɣa nɛ pɩkɔna-ɖɩ kaɖɛ kpem.
Hʊzɩŋ cɔ calɩm fɩɣa pɩta. Mbʊ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se diaphragme yɔ, pʊwɛna calɩm fɩɣa tɛɛ hɔɔlʊʊ nɛ mbʊ payaɣ se sternum yɔ, pʊbʊ ñɛwɛɛna calɩm fɩɣa ɛsɩndaa kiŋ. Likiyuu (oesophase) ñɛwɛna calɩm fɩɣa wayɩ kiŋ nɛ mba payaɣna fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se troncs artériels waa yɔ, paba ñɛwɛɛna calɩm fɩɣa hayi kiŋ.
Ɛyʊ sʊtʊyʊ calɩm fɩɣa ɖaɣlakɩŋ wɛ ɛzɩ santimɛtɛnaa hiu nɛ naalɛ mbʊ yɔ. Kpaɣna ɖɩ-hadɛ nɛ ŋwolo ŋtalɩ ɖi-hayi kiŋ lɛ, ɖɩ-ɖaɣlakɩŋ kɛ santimɛtɛnaa nakʊ. Kaaɣʊ yɔɔ lɛ, ɖɩ-ɖaɣlakɩŋ kɛ santimɛtɛnaa loɖo. Abalʊ calɩm fɩɣa kɩlɩ paɣlʊ halʊ ñɩnɖɛ.
Ɛyʊ sʊtʊyʊ abalɩñɩ hɔyɩ huŋ kɛ kilonaa 300. Piyele halɩñɩnʊ calɩm fɩɣa yuŋ ñɛkɛ kilonaa 250. Ɛyʊ sʊtʊyʊ abalɩñɩnʊ yuŋ ɛkɛ kilonaa mɩnʊʊ yɔ, ɛ-calɩm fɩɣa yuŋ kɛɣ 0,45. Ɛlɛ, yee pɩkɛ ɛyʊ sʊtʊyʊ halɩñɩnʊ yɔ, e-yuŋ kiloonaa mɩnʊʊ yɔɔ lɛ, ɛ-calɩm fɩɣa yuŋ kɛɣ 0,40 ɖei ɖei.


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Tayɩwanɩ
Tayɩwanɩ kɛna Azii ilemiye nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɖooo lɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ kpacayaɣna-tʊ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1683 nɛ 1895 taa nɛ pʊcɔ nɛ Sapɔŋ paazɩ-ɖɩ yɔɔ cɔnaʊ.
Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa pakalɩ wayɩ nɛ wayɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ pana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 23 550 077 yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa yee pakalɩɣ ɛyaa km2 taa kɔyɔ, panaɣ-wɛ ɛzɩ 644 yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa abalaa pɩzɩʊ pakpadayɩ patalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 76 yɔ nɛ halaa ñapɩzɩʊ pɛɖɛɛ; pɩnzɩ ɛzɩ 83 yɔ. Pɩwɛɛ mbʊ lɛ, ɛyaa ɛɛlaazʊʊ kpadɩyʊʊ ɛlɛ paasɩkɩ lɔŋ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se pe-efebiɖe yaa pɛ-pɛlɛtʊ tɔɖɔɔ sakɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ keteŋga kpeekpe taa ajɛya wena a-taa halaa ɛɛlʊlʊ pɩya sakɩyɛ yɔ, nɛ peeɖe lɛ halʊ ɛɛlʊlʊʊ pɩɖɛɛ pɩɣa kʊɖʊmaɣ yɔɔ.
Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba wena awɛ Tayɩwanɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ anaa yɔ: Krɩstʊ ŋgbɛyɛ, Puudism ñɩnɖɛ nɛ malɩŋ ŋbgɛyɛ.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, ŋgʊʊ lɛ siinʊwaa.


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One World Trade Center
One World Trade Center kuduyu sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ nɛ kɩwɛ Etaazuunii ɛjaɖɛ taa, Niyuu Yɔrɩkɩ tɛtʊ taa. Patasʊ-kʊ yaʊ ɖɔɖɔ se laŋhɛzɩyɛ (Freedom tower). Kuduyiŋ sɔsɔŋ tɛ kpalahusi lʊya mba pama One World Trade Center kʊnɛ yɔ pa-taa kɔyɔ: David Childs (Skidmore, Owings and Merrill nɛ kɩ-tɛ tamaɣ laɖʊ kɔ yɔ WSP Cantor Seinuk.
Papaɣzɩ kʊduyu kʊnɛ maʊ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 27 pɩnaɣ 2006 nɛ pɛtɛm-kʊ maʊ agoza fenaɣ hiu ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 2013. Ɛlɛ kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ naatozo ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 2014 kɛ patʊla kɩ-nɔnɔsɩ. Liidiye nɖɩ pamana-kʊ yɔ, patɩma ɖɩ-ñʊ kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 2012 ɛlɛ panaa se pɩtalʊ ɛzɩ tɔɔlarɩnaa kɛ miliyarinaa 3,9 yɔ.
Kʊdʊyʊ sɔsɔʊ kʊnɛ palakɩ kɩ-taa tʊma sakɩyɛ nɛ a-taa kɔyɔ: ansayɩ tʊma ndɩ ndɩ ɖɩlaɖɛ, keteŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ dɔm tʊma yaa ɛzɩ ɖamalaŋgata lɩmaɣza ndɩ ndɩ naʊ nɛ kuduyiŋ sɔsɔŋ kpalahusi. Wondu ndʊ pamana kuduyu ŋgʊ yɔ ɩnʊ yɔ: kaɖaɖa ñɩɣla, ñɩɣla wona awɛ ɖoŋ camɩyɛ yɔ nɛ a-taa fɛyɩ pɔŋ yɔ nɛ alʊmɩnɩyɔm.
Kuduyu kʊnɛ kɩ-kʊyɩmɩŋ taa talɩ ɛzɩ mɛtanaa 417 yɔ nɛ sizika ɖalakɩŋ taa ñamaɣna mɛtanaa 546. Kpaagba kuduyu kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ taa wɛ ɛzɩ mɛtanaa 541,3 piyele kɩ-tɛ walanzɩ kɛlɛ 325279 m2. Ɛsɔtaa nʊmʊŋ kpɛnda 104 piyele tɛtɛɛ kkuduyiŋ ñɛwɛ kagbnzɩ. Ñɩɩtʊ kɩkpazɩŋ wɛ 73.


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Dʊbɩnɩyɔm
Dʊbɩnɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 105, nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Db. Ɛkɛ akɩtɩnɩdɩ waa tɛ pʊtʊ weyi palaba-ɩ kɩlabʊ nɛ ɛ-tɛ agbele naa tɩŋa cɛnzɩ tɔʊ wɛ ɖoŋ piŋ, pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛ-waɣyɛ tatalɩ kɩyakɩŋ naalɛ. Patatɩɩ labɩda nɛ pʊtʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ paasɩŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-yɔɔ tɔm pʊɖɔɔ piŋ.
Dʊbɩnɩyɔm (pɩlɩna Doubna tɛtʊ hɩɖɛ yɔɔ kɛ Rusii ɛjaɖɛ taa) palabɩ-ɩ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe pɩnaɣ 1967 pɩtɩŋna sukuli kɩkpɛndʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩñɩnɩɣ pɩlɩna pɩdaa pee yɔɔ (JINR), nɛ pɩtɩŋna ɖɔɖɔ Georgi Nikolaievitch Flerow ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ Doubna. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1970, ñɩnɩyaa ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ ɖɩ-nɔɔ ɖɛyʊ kɔyɔ Albert Ghiorso Kalifornii sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa Berkeley tɛtʊ taa ñɩɣ nesi pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ natʊ yɔɔ.
Amerika ŋgbɛyɛ ñalaba pʊtʊ ɛnʊ lɛ, pɩtɩŋna panaza Cf hɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ nɛ azɔɔtɩ cɛŋga nakayɛ yɔɔ. Kɛlɛ pehiɣ pɩdaa piye 260105 (nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna fezuu titiɖe 1,6). Kɛlɛ pana pʊtʊ 105 tɛ ŋñɩɩ kɔtɩɩ waa nɛ petisi nɛ pañɩɣ nesi tɔm ndʊ tɩ yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1970 lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 5 ŋgʊ wiye.
Berkeley lɛɣtʊ tɩnaa takɩ Soviyetiki mba natʊ takayasɩ yɔɔ pɩtɩŋna pɩtɩŋna mankɩlaa waa wondu yɔɔ kɛlɛ patapɩzɩ. Pamaɣzɩ se payaa pʊtʊ ɛnʊ se hahnɩyɔm nɛ (yʊsaɣ mayaɣ kɔyɔ Ha, [ˈhɑːniəm]) pɩlɩna Caama lɛɣtʊ tʊ Otto Hahn hɩɖɛ ɖʊʊ yɔɔ. Pɩɩkɛ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ Erɔpʊ nɛ Amerika lɛɣtʊ tɩnaa kaalakanaɣ tʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ. Nɔɔhɔnɖɛ naɖɩyɛ la Russe ñɩnɩyaa tɛ kɛlɛ pekiziɣ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1997 panɩna ɖama ndɔnjɔɔlɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩyɔɔ nɛ petisi hɩɖɛ dʊbɩnɩyɔm yɔɔ.


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Gbaŋ dieke
Jemisi
dɩ maagɩna wʋnna
1
1 Manɩŋ Jemisi, vuodieke dɩ yine Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ tʋntʋntʋ aŋaŋ tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ Yisa Masia tʋntʋntʋ, n waasa Izara buuriŋ baŋ aŋaŋ bale wo dɩ jaasɩna dʋnɩa mana ma wa mana.
Yada aŋaŋ Yɩaŋ wɩa
2 N nɩmballɩ, nɩ yallɩma sʋgɩfɩalɩŋ saŋŋa dieke nɩ dinene wahala yiri yiri, 3 dama nɩ sɩba a baarɩ wahalaha mi keniŋ vasa nɩ sɩba dɩ nɩ seŋ yiwo Yisa Masia yada wusie, aŋ ka yi nɩ yaabɩɩla. 4 Nɩ yallɩma sikimiŋ a ga tʋgɩ kpatɩŋ ta nɩ da keŋ a nan, amʋ nɩ da keŋ waarɩ berivɩɩnɩŋ aŋaŋ jaaŋ mana. 5 Dɩɩ yi nɩ wʋnyɩ dɩ waarɩ yɩaŋ, ʋ jʋʋsɩ Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ vuodieke dɩ yɩnana; dama ʋ wo halɩ aŋaŋ yɩɩla, ta yɩa vuoŋ mana ta ka galɩma ba, aŋ ʋ yɩ wa. 6 Fʋ keŋ jʋʋsa Ŋmɩŋ, fʋ yi yada ta da keŋ a chɩɩlɩ; ama vuodieke mana dɩ jʋʋsa aŋaŋ chɩɩlɩŋ, ʋ sɩɩ sɩba mʋgɩkpɩɩŋ nyapoŋikiŋ dieke bʋlɔgɩsɩŋ dɩ yalla dɔma. 7 Wʋnɩŋ vuoke mi da keŋ yilime dɩ ʋ nan ye jaaŋ a nyɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ, 8 dama ʋ yaa sʋŋanyile bule ta ka zie jigibalɩmɩŋ.
Zɔɔlɩŋ aŋaŋ nyinti wɩa
9 Dɩ vɩɩna tɩ nɩmballɩ diekemba dɩ yine zɔɔlɩntieliŋ yallɩma sʋgɩfɩalɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ dɩ kɔtɩna ba wa wɩa, 10 ta tɩ nɩmballɩ diekemba dɩ yalla nyinti gbaŋ yallɩma sʋgɩfɩalɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ dɩ sʋʋna ba wɩa, dama ka kaaŋ yʋasɩ aŋ ba tɩaŋ ga sɩba tɩɩwute. 11 Dama ŋmɩnnɩ dɩ keŋ nyɩŋ ka tuolibu ŋaaŋ nɩgɩ wa tɩɩka aŋ ka tɩɩwutehe jigi a nan, aŋ ka vɩɩnɩŋ mana chʋʋsɩ. Die gbaŋ gbaŋ dɩ sɩɩ a yɩ ligiretieliŋ; saŋŋa dieke ba yilinene dɩ ba tʋʋma ga nɩŋŋa wa saŋka mi ba kpie.
Magɩsɩŋ wɩa
12 Sʋgɩfɩalɩŋ bie vuodieke dɩ nyaŋŋɩna magɩsɩŋ, dama Ŋmɩŋ nan yɩ ba nyʋarɩ dieke dɩ yine miivoli dieke ʋ yɩna nʋaŋ dɩ ʋ nan yɩ vuodiekemba dɩ chone wo wo. 13 Dɩɩ yi vuoŋ dɩ ye magɩsɩkʋ mi, ʋ da keŋ baarɩ dɩ, “Magɩsɩkʋ gie nyɩŋ wa Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ.” Dama jaaŋ wori a nan bɩagɩ magɩsɩ Ŋmɩŋ dɩ ʋ yi bɩaŋ ta Ŋmɩŋ ka magɩsa vuoŋ dɩ ʋ yi bɩaŋ. 14 Dɩɩ yi vuoŋ dɩ yaala ʋ yi ʋ sʋgɩbɩaŋ tʋʋma die yine magɩsɩŋ. 15 Sʋgɩbɩaŋ dɩ keŋ yigi vuoŋ, ka ŋaaŋ yaa wa tʋmbɩatɩ a keŋ, ta tʋmbɩatɩ kpatɩŋ yiwo kuŋ.
16 N nɩmballɩ choti, nɩ daa vaa jaaŋ gaaŋ nɩ. 17 Javɩɩnɩŋ mana nyɩna wa ŋmɩŋsikpeŋ, tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ, vuodieke dɩ naanna arɩzanna chaanɩŋ mana. Wʋnɩŋ ʋ ka tarɩga sɩba ŋmɩŋsikpeŋ chaanɩŋ dɩ ŋaana a tarɩga die wo; wʋnɩŋ ʋ ye yiwo Ŋmɩŋ. 18 Ʋ gbaŋ gbaŋ ʋ yaalala ʋ yi tɩ ʋ ballɩ, ʋ wusie wʋbalɩka ma ta tɩ ye miivoli haalɩŋ, dɩ tɩ tɩaŋ ʋ nyɩnnaaŋka mana.
Wʋmɩŋ aŋaŋ tʋmɩŋ wɩa
19 N nɩmballɩ, n yaala nɩ sɩmma wɩɩrɩ gie; vuoŋ mana mʋ ʋ yɩ lagɩ a wʋmma, ama ta sɩmma ʋ balala die, ta da jɩɩma sɩnyɩɩrɩŋ lagɩ lagɩ, 20 dama vuota sɩnyɩɩrɩŋ ka tʋma Ŋmɩŋ tʋnvɩɩna diekemba ʋ yaalala. 21 Die wɩa, n nɩmballɩ, nɩ vʋarɩ sʋŋanyilibɩatɩ mana aŋaŋ wʋbɩatɩ mana nɩ sʋgɩtɩ ma ma, ta sʋʋŋ nɩ gbaŋ Ŋmɩŋ nɩŋŋa, ta tuo wudieke ʋ nagɩna yɩ nɩ sʋgɩtɩ ma wa, dama wɩɩrɩ mi yaa hagɩrɩ dieke dɩ baaŋ nan vʋarɩ nɩ a nyɩŋ kuŋ me.
22 Ama nɩ yime wudieke wɩɩrɩ dɩ dagɩna nɩ; dɩɩ yi nɩ wʋŋ wɩɩrɩ, ama ta ka yie ka dagɩnana nɩ die wo, nɩ gaama nɩ gbaŋ. 23 Vuodieke mana dɩ wʋnnana wɩɩrɩ, ama ta ka yie ka dagɩnana die wo sɩɩ sɩba vuoŋ dɩ daansɩna ʋ gbaŋ dige me a ye ʋ gbaŋ ʋ sɩna die, 24 dama ʋ daansɩ ye ʋ gbaŋ digeke me, ta ga, ʋ ŋaaŋ daaŋ wa ʋ sɩna die. 25 Ama vuodieke dɩ yilinene mɩrɩvɩɩnaha diekemba dɩ baaŋ bɩagɩ a gbatɩ vuota a taaŋ, ta mɩŋŋɩ dɩ ha, ta ka yi vuodieke dɩ wʋnnana ta daama ha ama ta yie a dagɩnana wudieke wo, Ŋmɩŋ nan yi alibarika a yi wudieke mana ʋ yinene me.
26 Vuoŋ dɩ baarɩ dɩ ʋ yiwo Yisa kʋaŋandɩɩsɩrʋ ama ta ka yige ʋ nʋaŋ, dɩ tieŋ gaama ʋ gbaŋ, ta ʋ Yisa kʋaŋdɩɩsɩkɩrɩ dɩ wo nyʋarɩ. 27 Vuodieke dɩ suŋŋinene bikpiisi aŋaŋ kpihɔgʋba ba wahala ma, ta bɩ vʋarɩ ʋ gbaŋ a nyɩŋ tɩŋgbaŋka gie wʋbɩatɩ ma, wʋnɩŋ ʋ senne yi Yisa kʋaŋandɩɩsɩrʋ wusie, ta wo taalɩ Ŋmɩŋ jigiŋ.


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Konakrii
Konakrii kɛna Kinee ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ nɛ pɩnaɣ 2010 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛ, panaa se ɛyaa mba pɛwɛ peeɖe yɔ pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa miliyɔɔnaa naalɛ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ (2 500 000). Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna kilomɛtanaa agbaba Kinee ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ mbʊ yebina nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkɛ 450.
Kinee ɛjaɖe taa tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ, pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa pakpaɣ ɛyaa kagbaanzɩ kɔyɔ pa-taa lɛ ɛyʊ kʊɖʊm wɛ Konakrii tɛtʊ taa. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa tɔsʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛɛ sɩŋŋŋ yɔ kɩlɩɣna teŋu yɔɔ tʊma wena palakɩ yɔ a-yɔɔ.
Konakrii kɛna tɛtʊ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-tʊ ne pɩtaa yɔ ɛlɛ kɩ-hɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ lɩm tawadɩ pɩtalɩ peeɖe. Pɩnaɣ 1887 taa lɛ, lakʊ kaawɛna lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa nɛ tɩŋ weyi panawaɣ yɔ ɩ-taa kɛlɛ pɔŋ nɛ sɩngbatʊ. Peeɖe pɩtɛ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, haɖaa yaa ageeta naanza kaawɛna nɛ anaa yɔ: Konakrii, Pulibinɛɛ, Kurutawnɩ nɛ Tombo.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa ɛyaa hʊʊ pɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1958 taa lɛ ɛyaa kaawɛ 50 000, pɩnaɣ 1980 lɛ pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 600 000; piyele 1983 lɛ palɩ ɛyaa 705 300. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1996 taa pɛtɛma talʊʊ ɛyaa 1 092 936; pɩnaɣ 2008 lɛ palɩ ɛyaa 1 857 153, pɩnaɣ 2009 lɛ ɛyaa 2 160 000. Piyele pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa lɛ palɩ miliyɔɔnaa naalɛ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ.


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Kotonu
Kotonu kɛŋna Peenɛɛ yaa Ɖahʊma ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ tɩ-taa kɛ tɔsʊʊ nɛ komina tʊma sɔsɔna wɛɛ. Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ pakalɩ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2013 taa lɛ pɛkpɛŋdɩ ɛyaa 679 012. Ɛyaa panɛ, pɛ-tɛ ɖɔʊ yɔɔ nɛ ɛzɩma ɖɩcaɣyɛ tatasɩ kazʊ se ɛyaa ɛma lɛ, Abome-Kalavi, Sɛmɛ-Kpoji nɛ Wiidaa tɛtʊ pɩsa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Peeɖe nɛ Kotonu taa ɛyaa kpɛnda 1 720 105 pɩnaɣ 2013 taa ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2002 taa paakalɩ-wɛ lɛ, paawɛ ɛyaa 1 088 083.
Kotonu walanzɩ taa makɩɣna kilomɛtanaa agbaba 79. Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ ajɛya kpeekpe taa lɛ, Kotonu taa kɩyakʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Tantokpa yɔ, ŋgʊ kɩlɩna walanzɩ ; ekɩ-walanzɩ taa makɩɣna ɛzɩ hɛkɩtaarɩnaa nɛɛlɛ yɔ. Ɛlɛ wayɩ nɛ wayɩ alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ, tɛŋ weyi ɩnɩʊ yɔ, lɩm sʊʊ nɛ pɩlɩzʊʊ ɛyaa kɛ kɩyakʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1960 taa lɛ Kotonu taa ɛyaa kaawɛ kutokiŋ 70 000 ɖeke.
Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa lɛ Kotonu tɛtʊ taa ɛyaa ɛzɩ 57,3 mba pɛwɛna pɩnzɩ ɛzɩ hiu nɛ kagbaanzɩ yɔ pazɩma fransɩ yɔɔdʊ nɛ kɩ-maʊ pɩkazɩ ɛyaa ɛzɩ 58,6 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ sɩma kɩ-yɔɔdʊ. Kotonu tɛtʊ taa kɛ ñɩɩtʊ kilubutu skɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ ɛzɩma tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩnɛ Naajeeriya pɛwɛ ɖama cɔlɔ yɔ mbʊ yebiina nɛ tɩ-taa tadiyɛ tɛzɩ kpaʊ ɖoŋ siŋŋŋ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa ɖɛnɖe payakɩ kɩyakʊ nɛ payaɣ peeɖe se Tantokpa yɔ, evemiye kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa liidiya wena asʊ yɔ awɛɣ ɛzɩ fransɩ liidiya miliyarɩ yɔ yaa eeroo kʊɖʊmʊ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ yɔ.
Afrika kpeekpe taa pasɩma Kotonu tɛtʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ peeɖe teŋu kidiiliŋ yɔ pɛpɛdʊlɔɔɖandɩ ndɩ wena akɔŋna nɛ Eerɔpʊ yɔ.Kotonu tɛ malika nɛ malikanaa nabɛyɛ panɩʊ nɛ ɖama nɛ palakɩ tʊma nɛ a-taa kɔyɔ: Kretayilɩ (Fransɩɩ) ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1986, Salvadɔrɩ (Pirezili) ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1987 nɛ Rosini-Sʊ-Pʊwa (Fransɩɩ).


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Peliizi
Peliizi kɛna nɛ hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Mɛkɩziki ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖɩyɛ taa, nɛ nɖi payaɣ-ɖɩ se Kʊwatamala yɔ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖinɛ tɩ-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Pɛlɩmopanɩ. Pakpazʊ kɩɖaʊ kɛdɛɛka nɛ pɛtɛ lɛ, pɔyɔɔdɩʊ se: kuzontuu taa kɛ mɛnɛɛdʊʊ; piyele kɩɖaʊ kɛdɛɛka wondʊ yɔ se: ɛyaa mba pɛwɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ. Liidiye nɖɩ pɔtɔkɩ-ɖɩ peeɖe yɔ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Peliizi tɔɔlaarɩ.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ sukulinaa taa yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Ɛngilisi ɛlɛ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊ yɔɔdʊ yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ. Hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 2016 taa paakala ɛyaa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, paakpɛnda ɛyaa 353 858.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 22966 km2 ɛlɛ ɖenɖe lɩm wɛɛ yɔ peeɖe ɖeke talɩʊ ɛzɩ 0,7 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ yɔ. Salaŋ fenaɣ 21 pɩnaɣ 1981 kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ.


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Mejii wɛɛ yaa alɩwaatʊ
Mejii wɛɛ (明治時代, meijijidai) pɩkɛ Japɔŋ tɛ kɩbɩnjaazɩ tɔm alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩwɛ pɩnaɣ 1868 nɛ 1912 hɛkʊ taa yɔ. Pɩpaɣzɩna Mejii tɛ ɖaɣnɩɣ kɔm, tɩwɛ Keiō wɛɛ (Edo wɛɛ tɛmtʊ) nɛ Taishō wɛɛ hɛkʊ taa. Pɩkɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩwɩlɩɣ tɩ-yeke caɣɛ ndʊ payaɣ se sakoku nɛ Japɔŋ tɛ politiki lɛzɩtʊ paɣzʊʊ.
Japɔŋ Mejii alɩwaatʊ taa kaawɛ kʊñɔŋ taa siŋ, nɛ kɩñɩnaɣ se kɩhiɣ kɩ-tɩ ɛlɛ, pɩɩwɛ-kʊ kaɖɛ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna pɩtɩŋga pɩwɛnaʊ ɛsɩnda nɛ pe-kpiɖi Japɔŋ kɩbɩnɩɣ yɔɔ. Ɛlɛ, kɩ-tɛ maɣzɩm ɛzɩma se kɩlɛzɩɣ kɩ-tɩ yeba nɛ kɩ-taa wɩɣna kɩ-canaʊ tɔm. Mbʊ tɩna kɩ-tɛ lʊbɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ pɩnzɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa kpɛlɩ kpɛlɩ tɔm kɔma pʊsʊʊ ɛyaa taa nɛ politiki nɛ ɛsakuliye tɔm taa yɔ. Pɩtɩŋga lʊbɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩyɔɔ nɛ palɩzɩ ŋgbɛɣɛ nɛ poɖozuu nɛ patʊlʊʊ tʊma sɔsɔna nɛ pala lɩmaɣza ndɩ ndɩ wena akaɣ awazɩ-wɛ tʊma sɔsɔna hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ tɔsʊʊ huu nɔmɔʊ taa nɛ tadɩyɛ ɖɔnɛ nɔmɔʊ taa.
Pɩnaɣ 1853, Etaazuunii komina tiyi commodore Perry nɛ aɖɔka takayaɣ nakayɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊ tʊ Millard Fillmore cɔlɔ kalɩna nɛ ka-taa tɔm kɛlɛ se patʊlɩ tadɩyɛ nɔmɔŋ yaa haba. Palaba mbʊ lɛ, ɛkɔna mɛlɛ naa kɩkpɛda Uraga yɔɔ kpɛɣɛ kɛ Tokyo tɛtʊ nzʊlɩmɩyɛ taa. Shogun kizaa se ɛɛtʊlʊʊ-wɛ ɛ-tɛtʊ nɔnɔsɩ lɛ, Commodore ñaŋgasʊʊ se ɛkpazɩɣ hɔzʊʊ sɔsɔʊ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa pɩtɩŋna hɔzɩŋ weyi ɛ-tɛ mɛlɛna kɔna yɔ.
Pɩkɛda lɛ, pɩnɩ ɛjaɖɛ pɩtɩŋna ajɛyɛ ɖoŋ ñɩna ñaŋgasʊʊ yɔ nɛ pɛtɛzɩ tʊlʊʊ nɔnɔsɩ. Pɩtɩŋna Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa ajɛyɛ tɛ sɔɔjɔɔna anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʊ ɖoŋ yɔ lɛ, bakufu cɛlɛ pɩtɩŋna Amerika cɛyɩtʊ yɔ nɛ ɛñɩɣ nesi Kanagawa nɩnaʊ takayasɩ ɛlɛ, nɩnaʊ mbʊ pɩtafɛyɩ kɩmaŋ nɛ pʊwayɩ lɛ ɛñɩɣ Japɔŋ nɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ ajɛyɛ tabalɩyɛ nɩnaʊ takayaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1854 alɩwaatʊ taa.
Kamɩŋ fenaɣ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1867, Shogun Tokugawa 15 tʊ weyi ɛɛwɛ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ Yoshinobu Tokugawa taa yɔ kizi kewiyaɣ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛlɛ, ekizi ɖɔɖɔ se ɛɛkpaɣ nɔyʊ e-loniye taa nɛ ɛtɔŋ se ɛtʊmɩyɛ kaakɛ ɛkʊlɩ ɛjaɖɛ ɛsa nɛ pɩsa nɛ ɖɩɖɛna ɛsɩnda. Pʊwayɩ lɛ, wiyaʊ sɔsɔ Kōmei kɔlaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ kʊyʊmaɣ ŋga kadaa ha ñʊʊ leleŋ wiyaʊ pɩɣa Mutsuhito se ɛlɛzɩ ɛ-caa lone taa, nɛ ɛɖɩzɩ shogunat wayi tɩŋyaa tɩŋga (Boshin you sɔsɔʊ) nɛ pɩsa nɛ ɛpɩsɩ lɛzɩtʊ ndʊ tʊ-ñʊʊ tʊ.


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Han Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ
Sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ se Han yɔ, e-kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ. Ɛmʋ kewiyaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ pɩla pɩnzɩ 206 nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Ɛtɔɔ kewiyaɣ nɛ pʋkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 220 Yeesu-Krɩstʋ tɛ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Sɔsɔ Qin kewiyaɣ wayɩ Ɖajaa Han tɔɔ kewiitu. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se sɔsɔ Qin lɛɣna tɔɔʋ kewiyaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɖajaa Qin tɔɔ kewiyaɣ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 221 nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 206 taa nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ ɖa-ñʋʋ yaɖʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Ɖajaa Han tɔɔ kewiyaɣ wayɩ lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɛyɩ kewiisi naadozo taa.
Ɖajaa Liu Bang yebina nɛ Han kewiyaɣ ñɔ. Ɖajaa Liu Bang kɛkɛ you laɖaa ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛ-ñɩma kɛkɛ haɖaa. Ɖajaa Liu Bang kʋyɩ ɖajaa Qin kewiyaɣ yɔɔ nɛ ɛkʋsɩ-ɩ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ yɔɔ. Han kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa ɛsɩ awiya nɛɛlɛ nɛ lutozo. Ɖajaa Han kewiitu kɩlɩna leɖuu kewiisi lɛɛsɩ. Ɖajaa Han tɛyɩ e-kewiyaɣ hɔɔlɩŋ naalɛ. Han wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ wɛɛ nɛ Han wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɛwɛɛ. Han wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se wayɩ kiŋ Han. Hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ, kɩ-tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ payaɣ se Chang’an. Payaɣ Han wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɩŋgʋ se ɛsɩndaa Han. Han hɔɔlʋʋ kʋnɛ, kʋkʋ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ yɔ, Luoyang. Han wayɩ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɔ pɩnaɣ 206 nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ ɖa-ñʋʋ yaɖʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Kɩsɩ tɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ nakʋ ñɩŋa taa Yeesu-Krɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Piyele Han wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɔñɔ pɩnaɣ 25 pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ nɛ kɩsɩɩ tɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ 220 ɖa-ñʋʋ yaɖʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Kewiisi naalɛ nzɩ sɩ-hɛkʋ taa lɛ, kewiyaɣ cikpelaɣ nakɛyɛ wɛɛ. Payaɣ kaka se Xin kewiyaɣ. Ɖajaa Wang Mang yebina nɛ kewiyaɣ ŋga kɔñɔ, ɛlɛ, keteleɖi.
Siini ɛjaɖɛ caanaʋ tɔm taa lɛ, Han kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɩlɩ ɖɛʋna ɛsɩndaa. Halɩ paya alɩwaatʋ ndʋ se «Sika pɩnzɩ» (âges d’or). Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ, samaɣ ŋga kalɩna Han kewiyaɣ taa yɔ, payaɣ pa-tɩ se « Han samaɣ ».


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Kaartum
Kaartum kɛna Sudaanɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ nɛ Kaartum tɔbʊʊ nɛ arabɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se Tu keɖe. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Nili Kʊlʊmʊʊ ɖɩ-yazɩyɛ taa nɛ Nili kɩkpɛdʊ ŋgʊ kɩlɩɣna Etiyoopii yɔ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ ɛyaa mba payaɣ se Umdurmani nɛ Paarii yɔ mba kɩlɩna wɛʊ nɛ pɛɖɛ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa naanza yɔ, (4 518 000).
Kaartum tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ natʊyʊ kpɛndɩɣ nɛ tɩlakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma nɛ a-taa kɔyɔ: Ankara (Turki), Isitambuli (Turki), Zuhaŋ (Siini), Kɛɛrɩ (Egipiti), Amanɩ (Yɔridani), Asmara (Eriitree), Adisi-Abeba (Etiyoopii), Pireziliya (Piresiili), Harigeyiza (Soomaali), Tuubayɩ (Emiratɩ-Araabʊzuni).


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Weŋgalaɣ minziiki
Cɔlɩɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ taa minziiki wondu taa lɛ, weŋgalaɣ minziiki kɛ mʊsɩ tʊmɩyɛ, pɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ minziiki naa ndɩ ndɩ tʊmɩyɛ wena akɛ atɩŋa weŋgalaɣ mʊsɩ yɔ. Weŋgalaɣ mʊsɩ caɣ ndɩ nɛ kuduyuu tɛ soo, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se kʊyʊm yaa sakɩyɛ tɛ soo, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ minziiki ŋgʊ kɩfɛyɩna soo wondu pʊɖɔɔ yɔ.
Kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 17 wɛɛ taa mbʊ yɔ, mʊsɩ wondu taafɛyɩ pʊɖɔɔ, ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ hikasi wondu kaawɛna ɛzɩ kabɩyɛ taa ɖɩnaʊ keɣsi tɩnaa nabayɛ makɩɣ ehesi cɩmɩŋ yɔ, pɩɩkɛ hɩsɩ wondu, cɩmʊʊ pɩyʊ, pʊwayɩ aŋgada pɩɖɛʊ wobu yɔɔ wobu yɔɔ pazɩ pazɩ.
Ɖɛʊ yɔɔ ɖɛʊ yɔɔ mbʊ lɛ, minziiki naa kɩbɩma kpaɣ ɛzɩ concerto grosso, suite, sonate paɣlɩ, nɛ papazɩ pa-tɩ malɩsɩnaʊ nɛ minziiki kɩfalʊʊ kʊ nɛ yɔ.


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Abasidi
Abasidi kɛ malɩŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ ŋga kaawɛ malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ kɩpaɣla mba paalɛza malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kiɖe ɖʊyʊ weyi paya-ɩ se Mahomet nesi tɛ kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 750 ŋtalɩ 1258 alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ. Ɛyʊ ɛtɩna kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ ŋga ɛnʊ yɔ Abû al-Abbâs As-Saffah, ɛkɛ ɛyʊ weyi palʊla-ɩ Mahomet egbelenaa liɖe taa yɔ Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib.
Pagba-ɩ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ pɩnaɣ 749 alɩwaatʊ taa. Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛyɔɔdɩ tɔmʊʊ nakʊyʊ pɩlɩna Omeyadɩ waa kewiyaɣ ɖoŋ yɔ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pawaba Marzan 2 tʊ Zab sɔsɔʊ you ɖeɖe yɔ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyaakʊ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kɩgbanzɩ ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 750 alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ.
Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pehiɣ patɩ camɩyɛ yaa patalɩ poɖoŋ ɖeɖe pɩtɩnŋa Hâroun ar-Rachîd yɔ lɛ, Abasidi ɛyaa pɛnɛ pɛ-tɛ politiki ɖoŋ pasɩ nɛ peyele palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ koŋ ndɩ lɛ, Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ pɔcɔŋna ɖɩ-yɔɔ nɛ paya-ɖɩ se Buyudi kɛ kpaɣɖʊ 10 alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ pʊwayɩ lɛ, Seldjoukidies waa kɛ kpɑɣɖʊ 11 alɩwwatʊ taa.
Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Mongol waa mʊ Bagdad tɛtʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1258 alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ pe-liɖe naɖɩyɛ kɔɔ nɛ ɖɩcaɣ Caire tɛtʊ taa kɛ Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ paya-wɛ se Kalɩfɩ waa pʊtɔbʊʊ se Mahomet wayi tɛtʊ nʊʊŋ tɩnaa yaa kewiyaɣ ɖɔkɩyaa nɛ paya-wɛ Sulitan Mamelouki waa pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ Egipiti yɔɔ you wobutu pɩtɩŋna otomani Empiri yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1517 alɩwaatʊ taa.


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UE ŋgbɛyɛ
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya wɛna ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Payaɣ-ɖɩ se UE ŋgbɛyɛ. Ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩlakɩ politiki tʋmɩyɛ nɛ ɖɩlʋkɩ siŋŋ se Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya tɔsɩŋ ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɩkɩlɩ.
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya nɛɛlɛ nɛ lutozo (28) nɩŋna ɖama nɛ aɖʋ ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ. Ajɛya ana, a-walanzɩ tɩŋɛ kɛ km2 waa 4,5 miiliyɔɔ. Ajɛya ana, a-tɩŋa a-taa ɛyaa yaa samaɣ ñʋʋ kɛ miiliyɔɔ waa 510. UE ŋgbɛyɛ ajɛya tɔzɩŋ kɩlɩna ɖɛʋ ɛsɩndaa kedeŋa yɔɔ.
UE ŋgbɛyɛ taa ajɛya laba kedizasɩ sɔsɔsɩ naalɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 2009 ñɩŋa taa. Palaba nakɛyɛ Maastriche tɛtʋ taa nɛ pâla lɛɛka Room tɛtʋ taa. Kedizasɩ naalɛ nzɩ sɩkpaɣna paɣtʋ ndʋ tɩ-yɔɔ pʋwɛɛ se UE ŋgbɛyɛ ɛɖɔ tɩ-yɔɔ nɛ piɖena ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ajɛya tɩŋa yɔ. UE ajɛya laba ɖɔɖɔ kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ Lisbonne tɛtʋ taa nɛ patasɩ paɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ lɛɛtʋ kpaɣʋ se UE ajɛya ɛtɩŋna tɩ-yɔɔ nɛ pɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ tʋma ɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa. UE ajɛya kewiisi taa ɛyaa tɔʋ caca nɛ palɩzɩ UE ŋgbɛyɛ paɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ. UE ŋgbɛyɛ wɛna kedizaɣ nakɛyɛ labʋ paa pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa. UE ŋgbɛyɛ ajɛya tɛ Minisi waa wɛna ɖɔɖɔ kedizaɣ nakɛyɛ labʋ paa pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa.
UE ŋgbɛyɛ paɣtʋ lɩzɩyaa lɩzɩɣna UE ŋgbɛyɛ ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛlɛ, UE ŋgbɛyɛ kedizaɣ taa pɔyɔɔdʋʋ nɛ pʋcɔ paɣtʋ lɩzɩyaa ḿba, pɛwɛɛna ɖoŋ nɛ palɩzɩ ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ. UE ŋgbɛyɛ tɔm hʋʋ pɩlɩʋ lʋkɩna nɛ paa ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩña UE ŋgbɛyɛ tɛ waɖɛ camɩyɛ. Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ Minisi weyi ɛcɔŋna Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna pa-taabalɩyɛ ɖʋʋ tʋma yɔɔ yɔ, ɛyɔɔda tɔm natʋyʋ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʋ nakʋ ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1950 taa. Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ Minisi ɛnʋ, payaɣ-ɩ se Robert Schuman.
Toovenum lɛ, tɔm ndʋ Minisi ɛnʋ ɛyɔɔdaa yɔ tiyebina nɛ UE ŋgbɛyɛ ñɔ. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa politiki laɖaa sɔsaa nabɛyɛ tɛsɩna seɣtuu Eerɔp tɛtʋ taa ajɛya siŋŋ nɛ UE ŋgbɛyɛ kpa ɖoŋ. Ɖajaanaa ḿba, pa-hɩla yɔ : ɖajaa Konrad Adenauer nɛ ɖajaa Jean Monnet nɛ ɖajaa Alcide De Gasperi. :Dajaanaa panɛ peyebina nɛ Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ ñɔ. Pa-hɩla sɛ siŋŋ kedeŋa yɔɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1951 taa Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya loɖo naayɛ nɩna ɖama nɛ paɖʋ ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ajɛya loɖo ana, akpɛndʋʋ nɛ alakɩ aka nɛ mbʋ payaɣ se asiyee (acier) yɔ pʋ-tʋma.
Ajɛya wena ayeba nɛ UE ŋgbɛyɛ ñɔ yɔ, anaa yɔ : Caama ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Pɛlɩziiki nɛ Fransɩ nɛ Italii nɛ Lukizambuuri ne Peyibaa. Pɩnaɣ 1957 taa UE ŋgbɛyɛ ñɔɔ. Ɛlɛ, pɩnaɣ 1973 taa lɛ, Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya naadozo naayɛ sʋʋ UE ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Ajɛya ana, anaa yɔ : Tanemarɩkɩ nɛ [[Irilandɩ[] nɛ Kewiisi kpɛndʋʋ.
UE ŋgbɛyɛ tasɩ walʋʋ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa pɩlɩɩna ajɛya naayɛ yɔɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya naayɛ tasɩ sʋʋ UE ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Ajɛya ana, anaa yɔ : Krɛɛsɩ nɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ nɛ Pɔɔrɩtigaal. Krɛɛsɩ ɛjaɖɛ sʋ UE ŋgbɛyɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1981 ñɩŋa taa nɛ piyele Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Pɔɔrɩtigaalɩ alɛ sʋʋ pɩnaɣ 1986 ñɩŋa taa.


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Moïse
Moze (hebra kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ מֹשֶׁה בן עמרם Moshé ben Amram, krɛkɩ ñɩŋʊ taa lɛ Mwϋσῆς ou Mwσῆς, Mō(y)sēs, latɛŋ taa lɛ Moyses, ceu ta lɛ موسى Moussa) kɛ, paɣtʊ taa lɛ, kajalaɣ Yuda ñɩma tɛ nayʊ, weyi paya-ɩ nabʊyʊ taa se paɣtʊ ndʊ moze ha Israeli ɛyaa yɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ Moze Ɛsɔ paɣtʊ tɔm. Ɛkɛ ɛyʊ sɔsɔ hebra mba Takayaɣ Kiɖeɖeɣa taa, ɛmʊna Yuda ñɩma paɣtʊ, ɛɛwɛɛ pʊcɔ Yesuu Krɩstʊ ɛkɛ ɛlɛzʊʊ Krɩstʊ mba cɔlɔ nɛ ɛɛwɛɛ pʊcɔ Mahomet malɩŋ ɛyaa tɩna kɛlɛ.Takayaɣ kiɖeɖeɣa taa lɛ paɣtʊ heyu-ɖʊ se Moze mana Ɛsɔ paɣtʊ hiu.
Torah maʊ paɣtʊ taa lɛ, tɔm pɔzʊʊ ɖanɩɣ wɛʊ kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 17, ɛzɩ ɖɩgbaɣ Spinoza nɛ Jean Astruc kpaɣɖʊ 18, pap tekizi Moze tɔm kɛdɩtʊ tɔm. pʊwayɩ yɔ ɖama cɔɔlɩnaʊ sukuli lɩwa, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pakpaɣ Ɛsɔ tɔm takayaɣ ɛzɩ lɛɣtʊ tɛ pɩyʊ siŋ yɔ.Malɩŋ tɩnaa tɛ lɛ Moze ɛzɩ payaɣ-ɩ se Muusa kɛ wayi wayi nayʊ kɛ ceu takayaɣ tɔm kɛdɩɣ taa, pɔyɔɔda ɛ-tɔm pɩtalɩ tam hiŋ naatozo nɛ loɖo mbʊ yɔ. Ɛkɛ nayʊ sɔsɔ nayaa hɛkʊ taa, nɛ pɔtɔŋ se ɛkɛ Ala tiyiyaa taa nɔyʊ weyi ɛɖɛ nɔɔ Mahomet yɔ.
Moze wɛna pɩnzɩ 40 lɛ, ɛna haŋaɣ nakɛyɛ ɛ-tɛ samaɣ cɔlɔ nɛ ɛ-taa wɩɩ nɛ ɛkʊ Egipiti ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ ɛlɛ ñakʊɣa Hebra tʊ nɔɔyʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Kɛlɛ ɛtatasɩwɛnaʊ maɣzɩm nabʊyʊ pɩtasɩna se ese nɛ ɛsʊʊ lakʊ nɛ halɩ ɛkɔɔ ehiɣ ɖijaɣyɛ Jethro (yitro) cɔlɔ, ɛlɛ ñaakɛ Madian cɔjɔ layʊ. Moze pɔzɩ Jethro halɩpɩyaa taa nɛ ɛkpaɣ halʊ pa-taa lɛlʊ, Tsippora (Sephora).
Ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ kɛlɛ se eɖiyi kpɩna, nɛ ewokina ɖooo lakʊ taa nɛ atɔkɩ. Moze talɩ pɩnzɩ hiŋ lutozo lɛ Ɛsɔ wɩlɩ-ɩ ɛ-tɩ nɛ ɛwɩlɩ-ɩ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛɖʊ-ɩ yɔ. Ɛsɔ tiyiyu lɩ ɛ-yɔɔ lakʊ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ eɖiyaɣ ɛ-ɛtɩ wondu yɔ. Eɖiyi mbʊ lɛ, Israeli pɩyaa ɛkɔɔ ɛtalɩ tɛtʊ ndʊ Ɛsɔ kaawɩla-ɩ yɔ tɩ-taa, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛlɩza-wɛ Egipiti tɛtʊ taa, tɛtʊ ndʊ Kanaŋ, halɩ peeɖe ɛsɩba ɛlɛ ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ mɩnʊʊ nɛ nɛɛlɛ.


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Pɛnsilvaanii
Pɛnsilvaanii kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ.
Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩcɔ ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ nɛ tɩta yɔ ndʊ yɔ: Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Niwu Jɛrsii, wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ lɛ Ohiyo, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Tɛlawɛrɩ, Marilandii nɛ Firziinii ŋgʊ kɩwɛna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa yɔ, tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛna, piyele nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Niwu Yɔrki.
Pamaza Pɛnsilvaanii ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 119 283 km2 nɛ ɖenɖe tɛtʊ ñabɩ wɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 116 074 km2 yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe lɩm ñɛwɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe ñɛwɛʊ ɛzɩ 3 208 km2 yɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 2.69 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛŋna looɖo ñɩnɖɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Etazuunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ kpeekpe taa.
Pɛnsilvaanii taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Harrisburgh nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ. nɛ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ yɔ ndʊ lɛ Philadelphia.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ naalɛ ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsʊ Etaazunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 12 ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1787. Pɩnaɣ 2017 taa paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 12 805 537 yɔ.
Payaɣ Pɛnsilvaanii ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ se Tom Wolf (D) piyele nɛ komina ñʊndinaa kɔyɔ: Bob Casey, Jr. (D) nɛ Pat Toomey (R).


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Hawayii
Awayii kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ. Awayii taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Honolulu nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ.
Awayii kɛna tɛtʊ ndʊ tiɖeke tɩfɛyɩna Amerika keteŋga nɛ hayi kiŋ yɔ. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩwɛna Oseyanii taa yeli. Ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ,tɛtʊ ñabɩ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-tʊ nɛ pɩta yɔ tɩkpɛnda 137 nɛ tɛtʊ cokolo cokolo ñɩndʊ ndʊ tɩkpɛndɩna nɛ pɩpɩsɩ Awayii ɛjaɖɛ.
Pamaza Awayii ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 28 337 km2 nɛ ɖenɖe lɩm wɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe ɖɔɔ nɛ pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 11 672 km2 yɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 41,2 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se ɖenɖe tɛtʊ ñabɩ ñɛwɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe maɣna ɛzɩ 16 649 km2 yɔ.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ 50 ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsʊ Etaazunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa yɔ se nɖɩ pɩɖɩɣna sʊʊ kɩ-taa. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ 21wiye pɩnaɣ 1959. Pɩnaɣ 2010 taa paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 1 360 30 yɔ.
Peeɖe pʊŋ kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ taa maɣna ɛzɩ mɛtanaa 925 yɔ nɛ pamaaza pʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɩla kʊyʊʊ yɔ lɛ pɩkpɛnda mɛtanaa 4 107 nɛ ŋgʊ lɛ Mona Kea. Piyele pʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɩla ñɩɩ yɔ, kʊkʊ kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ taa ñamaɣna mɛtanaa 216.
Payaɣ Awayii ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ se: David Ige (D) nɛ ɛ-tɛ komina yɔɔ cɔnayaa kɛ payaɣ se Brian Schatz (D) nɛ Mazie Hirono (D).
Kʊnʊmɩŋ weyi pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-ɩ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ ɩnʊ lɛ aŋgilisi nɛ awayɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Honolulu nɛ ndʊ ɖɔɖɔ taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ.


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Tɔnɔ kʋlʋ
ZUDI
na pʋpʋnɩ tɩn
Tɔnɔ kʋlʋ Zudi na pʋpʋnɩ tɩn na brɩ dɩbam kʋlʋ tɩn mʋ tɩntʋ
Zudi dɛɛn pʋpʋnɩ Zezi nɔɔna bam maama ŋwaanɩ mʋ. O tɔnɔ kʋm bɩtarɩ sɩm tiini sɩ nyɩ dɩ tɔnɔ kʋlʋ Pɩyɛɛrɩ na pʋpʋnɩ o kɩ bɩle tɩn bɩtarɩ sɩm. Twaanʋ tɩntʋ tɩle maama cʋ balʋ na brɩ vwan zaasɩm yɩ ba kwǝri ba tɔgɩ wo-digiru kikiǝ yalʋ ba fra na zʋʋrɩ tɩn mʋ.
Zudi brɩ vwan zaasɩm tiinǝ bam na tiini ba kɩ wo-balwaarʋ te tɩn, yɩ o brɩ nɩ Wɛ wʋ́ cɔgɩ-ba.
O ma daarɩ o kwe Wɛ nɔɔna bam sɩ ba taa kɩ ba wʋ-dɩdʋa dɩ Zezi ba zɩgɩ kǝŋkǝŋ Wɛ cwǝŋǝ kam wʋnɩ dɩ DƖ Joro kʋm dam, sɩ ba taa soe daanɩ, sɩ Zezi Krisi pa-ba Wɛ ŋwɩ-dʋŋa kalʋ na ba ti tɩn.
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1 Amʋ Zudi wʋlʋ na yɩ Zezi Krisi tɩntʋŋnʋ yɩ a yɩ Zakɩ nyaanɩ tɩn mʋ pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ kʋntʋ, sɩ a pa abam balʋ Wɛ na bǝŋi sɩ á taá yɩ DƖ nɔɔna tɩn. Abam mʋ yɩ balʋ dɩ́ Ko Wɛ na soe yɩ Zezi Krisi nii á baŋa nɩ tɩn.
2 Wɛ wʋ́ duri abam ŋwaŋa yɩ DƖ pa abam yazurǝ dɩ sono kʋ ja gaalɩ.
Balʋ na pipiri Wɛ cɩga kam tɩn na kɩ te tɩn
(2 Pɩyɛɛrɩ 2:1-17)
3 Amʋ badon-sonnu-ba, amʋ ya maŋɩ a tiini a lagɩ sɩ a pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ mʋ a pa abam a ma ŋɔɔnɩ vrɩm dɩlʋ dɩbam maama na nɛ Wɛ tee nɩ tɩn woŋo na yɩ te tɩn. Amʋ laan nan nɛ nɩ kʋ yɩ fɩfɩʋn mʋ sɩ a pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ a ma pa abam baarɩ, sɩ á kwaanɩ á zɩgɩ kǝŋkǝŋ Wɛ cɩga kam ŋwaanɩ. Kʋ yɩ cɩga kam kʋntʋ mʋ Wɛ maŋɩ DƖ kɩ DƖ nɔɔna bam jɩŋa nɩ, yɩ ka bá fɔgɩ ka lǝni. 4 Bɛŋwaanɩ nɔn-balwaarʋ mʋ ŋɔgɩ tɩ zʋ tɩ gwaanɩ abam kɔgɔ kʋm wʋnɩ. Ba maa yǝni ba pipiri Wɛ cɩga kam, sɩ kʋ pa ba na cwǝŋǝ ba taa tɔgɩ wo-digiru kikiǝ yalʋ ba fra na zʋʋrɩ tɩn, yɩ ba ta bʋŋɩ nɩ Wɛ wʋ́ duri ba ŋwaŋa DƖ na yɩ ŋwaŋa tu tɩn ŋwaanɩ. Ba maa vɩn Zezi Krisi wʋlʋ yɩranɩ na yɩ dɩbam Pɛ dɩ dɩ́ Yuutu tɩn. Faŋa faŋa tɩn Wɛ tɔnɔ kʋm maŋɩ kʋ brɩ nɩ Wɛ wʋ́ di nɔɔna bantʋ dwi sarɩya.
5 Amʋ nan lagɩ a guli abam wǝǝnu tɩlʋ á na maŋɩ á ye tɩ ni nɩ lanyɩranɩ tɩn mʋ. Á ye nɩ dɩ́ Yuutu Baŋa-Wɛ dɛɛn vrɩ DƖ nɔɔna Yisɩrayɛlɩ tiinǝ bam DƖ pa ba nuŋi Ezipi tɩʋ kʋm wʋnɩ, yɩ DƖ laan daarɩ DƖ pa balʋ na wʋ kɩ ba wʋ-dɩdʋa dɩ DƖ tɩn tɩ. 6 Á maŋɩ á ye Wɛ na kɩ te dɩ malɛsɩ sɩlʋ na lagɩ sɩ sɩ dam taa dwe Wɛ ya na pɛ-sɩ te tɩn. Sɩ ma yagɩ jǝgǝ kam Wɛ na pɛ-sɩ tɩn. Wɛ ma vɔ-sɩ dɩ capʋnnʋ DƖ dɩ je sɩlʋ na yɩ lim yɩranɩ tɩn wʋnɩ DƖ yagɩ da, sɩ sɩ taa wʋra taan, sɩ DƖ sarɩya dɛ kamunu kʋm na yiǝ, sɩ DƖ laan pa sɩ na cam. 7 Nan guli-na nɔɔna balʋ dɛɛn na zʋʋrɩ Sodɔm dɩ Gomɔɔrɩ nɩ tɩn dɩ tɩɩnɩ dɩlʋ na batwarɩ da tɩn woŋo. Bantʋ dɩ dɛɛn tɔgɩ boorim wo-digiru kikiǝ mʋ, yɩ kʋ daɩ dɩ nabiinǝ yɩranɩ má mʋ ba kɩa. Wɛ ma pa ba na cam dɩ mini dɩlʋ na ba di dɩ dwe tɩn, sɩ kʋ taa yɩ maana kʋ brɩ nɔɔnʋ maama.
8 Vwan zaasɩm tiinǝ bam kʋntʋ na gwaanɩ abam wʋnɩ tɩn, ba dɩ tɔgɩ kikiǝ yantʋ doŋ mʋ. Ba maa dwɛ dɩndwɩa yalʋ na paɩ ba kɩ lwarɩm ba cɔgɩ ba yɩra tɩn. Ba maa ba lagɩ sɩ ba sɛ wʋlʋ na jɩgɩ ni ba baŋa nɩ tɩn, yɩ ba twɩ dɩdɛɛra balʋ na wʋ wɛyuu tɩlampolo nɩ tɩn. 9 Wɛ malɛsɩ dɩdɛɛrʋ Misɛɛlɩ tɩtɩ nan wʋ sɛ o kɩ kʋntʋ. O dɛɛn na magɩ kantɔgɔ dɩ sʋtaanɩ Moyisi yɩra yam kǝm ŋwaanɩ tɩn, o wʋ sɛ o twɩ-dɩ o ŋɔɔnɩ dɩ woŋo. O nan na tagɩ kʋlʋ tɩn mʋ yɩ sɩ: «Wɛ wʋ́ pa n na cam.» 10 Kʋ daarɩ vwan zaasɩm tiinǝ bam nan ŋɔɔnɩ ba twɩ woŋo kʋlʋ maama ba na yǝri kʋ kuri tɩn mʋ. Ba na ye wǝǝnu tɩlʋ maama tɩn, ba yɩ nɩ ga-vara na ba jɩgɩ wʋbʋŋa yɩ ba kɩ yɔɔ yɔɔ te tɩn mʋ. Ba nan wʋ́ da tɩntʋ kwaga mʋ ba na cɔgɩm. 11 Wɛ nan wʋ́ pa ba na lɛɛrʋ, sɩ ba tɩtʋŋa ba tɔgɩ cwǝŋǝ nɩ Kayin tɩtʋŋa dɛɛn na ba tɔgɩ cwǝŋǝ te tɩn mʋ. Ba yi ma su sǝbu kʋlʋ ba na wʋ́ na ba kǝm-balwaarʋ tɩm baŋa nɩ tɩn, nɩ Balam dɛɛn na kɩ te tɩn. Ba ma vɩn Wɛ ni yɩ ba cɔgɩ, nɩ Kore dɩ dɛɛn na vɩn Wɛ ni yɩ o cɔgɩ te tɩn.
12 Abam na yǝni á la daanɩ sɩ á di sono wʋdiu kʋm tɩn, nɔɔna bam kʋntʋ nyɩ dɩ kandwa na wʋ soonǝ wʋnɩ te tɩn mʋ abam dim dɩm maŋa nɩ. Ba nan ba kwarɩ cavɩɩra dɩ ba na tiini ba di te tɩn. Ba nyɩ dɩ dʋa na tɩnɩ yɩ ka da viu ka saagɩ te tɩn mʋ. Ba ma ta nyɩ dɩ tweeru tɩlʋ na ba lǝri biǝ tɩn mʋ, kʋ ya zɩ maŋɩ kʋ yi tɩ lǝrim maŋa dɩ. Ba nyɩ dɩ tweeru tɩlʋ ba na gɔgɩ dɩ tɩ kurǝ maama tɩn mʋ. Ba ba jɩgɩ ŋwɩa dɩ fɩnfɩɩn dɩ. 13 Ba nyɩ dɩ na-fara na pɔgɩlɩ te tɩn mʋ, yɩ ba cavɩɩra kikiǝ yam nyɩ dɩ na na pɔgɩla yɩ ba zaŋɩ puŋǝ te tɩn. Ba ba jɩgɩ jǝŋǝ je, nɩ calɩcwɩ na karɩ sɩ beeri te tɩn. Wɛ nan lɩ jǝgǝ kalʋ na tiini ka yɩ lim tɩn mʋ, sɩ DƖ kɩ-ba da sɩ kʋ taa ve maŋa kalʋ na ba ti tɩn.
14 Enɔkɩ wʋlʋ na kɩ Adam naarʋ tɩm kuni bɩrdʋ tu tɩn dɛɛn maŋɩ o ta nɔɔna bam kʋntʋ taanɩ o wɩ: «Dɩ́ Yuutu Baŋa-Wɛ wʋ́ ba dɩ DƖ malɛsɩ kuni mʋrrʋ mʋrrʋ, sɩ DƖ di nabiinǝ maama sarɩya. 15 Wɛ laan wʋ́ pa balʋ maama na ba tɔgɩ-DƖ tɩn na cam dɩ ba kǝm-balwaarʋ tɩlʋ maama ba na kɩ ba vɩn Wɛ ni dɩm tɩn, dɩ ta-balwaarʋ tɩlʋ maama lwarɩm kǝrǝ bam kʋntʋ na ŋɔɔnɩ ba gooni Wɛ tɩn.»
16 Nɔɔna bam kʋntʋ yǝni ba pʋʋnɩ mʋ, yɩ ba ba fɔgɩ ba jɩgɩ wʋpolo dɩ ba na yɩ te tɩn. Ba maa tɔgɩ wo-yɔɔrʋ tɩlʋ maama ba fra na zʋʋrɩ tɩn. Ba maa ŋɔɔnɩ kamunni ba pa ba tɩtɩ, yɩ ba sʋŋɩ ni dɩ nɔɔna sɩ ba na nyɔɔrɩ ba baŋa nɩ.
Wɛ nɔɔna na maŋɩ sɩ ba yɩrɩ ba tɩtɩ te tɩn
17 Amʋ badon-sonnu-ba, abam nan maŋɩ sɩ á guli dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi tɩntʋŋna bam dɛɛn na maŋɩ ba ta kʋlʋ dɩ abam tɩn mʋ. 18 Ba dɛɛn wɩ: «Lʋgʋ baŋa kweelim da yam na yiǝ, nɔɔna badonnǝ wʋ́ ta wʋra ba na yáalɩ Wɛ cɩga kam yɩ ba vɩn DƖ ni, yɩ ba daarɩ ba tɔgɩ wo-yɔɔrʋ tɩlʋ ba tɩtɩ fra na zʋʋrɩ tɩn.» 19 Nɔɔna bam kʋntʋ dwi mʋ yǝni ba paɩ nɔɔna pɔɔrɩ daanɩ. Ba wʋbʋŋa tɔgɩ lʋgʋ baŋa wo-yɔɔrʋ mʋ, yɩ Wɛ Joro kʋm tǝri ba bɩcara nɩ.
20 A badon-sonnu-ba, kʋ nan na yɩ abam, á kwaanɩ á taá wǝli daanɩ sɩ á bɩ lanyɩranɩ dɩ Wɛ cɩga kam á na kɩ á wʋ-dɩdʋa dɩ ka tɩn. Á taá warɩ Wɛ dɩ DƖ Joro kʋm dam. 21 Á taá ŋwɩ dɩ Wɛ sono kʋm DƖ na pɛ abam tɩn, sɩ á taá cǝgi dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi na wʋ́ ba o pa á na Wɛ ŋwɩ-dʋŋa kalʋ na ba ti tɩn, o na jɩgɩ abam ŋwaŋa tɩn ŋwaanɩ.
22 Á taá duri balʋ na jɩgɩ bʋbwɛa tɩn ŋwaŋa, sɩ á taá wǝli-ba. 23 Badaara wʋra á na maŋɩ sɩ á vrɩ-ba mini dɩlʋ na lagɩ dɩ cɔgɩ-ba tɩn wʋnɩ mʋ. Kʋ daarɩ balʋ wo-yɔɔrʋ kikiǝ na pɛ ba jɩgɩ digiru tɩn, sɩ á taá jɩgɩ ba ŋwaŋa, á nan taá yɩrɩ á tɩtɩ dɩ ba wo-digiru tɩm, sɩ á daarɩ á taá culi kʋlʋ maama na yɩ lwarɩm nyɩm tɩn.
24 Zuli-na Wɛ dɩlʋ na jɩgɩ dam sɩ DƖ taa cʋ abam sɩ á yɩ tʋ tusim wʋnɩ tɩn. DƖ laan wʋ́ pa abam ba á zɩgɩ DƖ yigǝ nɩ yɩ tusim tǝrǝ, sɩ á na DƖ paarɩ-zulǝ yam dɩ wʋpolo. 25 Dɩntʋ yɩranɩ mʋ yɩ Wɛ, DƖ doŋ daa tǝrǝ. DƖ dɛ dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi ŋwaanɩ mʋ DƖ vrɩ dɩbam lwarɩm wʋnɩ. Dɩntʋ mʋ maŋɩ dɩ zulǝ dɩ yɩrɩ kamunu dɩ paarɩ dɩ dam, kʋ na zɩgɩ pulim nɩ kʋ ba kʋ yi zɩm, sɩ kʋ taa ve maŋa kalʋ na ba ti tɩn. Amina.


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Satyajit Ray
Satyajit Ray (mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 2 pɩnaɣ 1921 ŋtalɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 pɩnaɣ 1992). Ɛyʊ ɛnɛyɔ takayasɩ mayʊ nɛ hendu mayʊ bengali Ɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Palʊla-ɩ Kalkuta koboyaɣ ɖɩɣa nakɛyɛ taa, ɛ-caa kɛ takayasɩ mayʊ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ keɣsɩ takayasɩ mayʊ bengali (Sukumar Ray), S. Ray la sukuli Presidency college nɛ pʊcɔ ɛsʊʊ Visva-Bharati, sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa, ŋgʊ Rabindranath Tagore kaatʊla Santiniketan tɛtʊ taa yɔ.
Cejewiye kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ wɩlɩɣ se Satyajit Ray talɩɣ ɛzɩ kpaɖɩŋ hiu mbʊ yɔ. Upendrakishore Raychowdhury, Ray cɔzɔ kaakɛ takayasɩ mayʊ nɛ takayasɩ taa kɛlɛmɩŋ lɩzɩyʊ, ɛkɛ ɛyʊ yɔɔ lɩmaɣza kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ ɛkɛ takayasɩ lɩzɩyʊ nɛ tɩyɩnzɩ yɔɔ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ. Ɛɛkɛ awiya taa wiyaʊ nɔyʊ Brahmo Samaj tɛtʊ taa, pɩɩkɛ Krɩstʊ ñɩma tɛ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɛ ɛyaa mba palʊba lɛzɩtʊ kɔɔ kpaɣɖʊ 19 alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ Bengale yɔ.
Ray, palʊla-ɩ Kalikuta, Sukumar nɛ Suprabha Ray palʊlana-ɩ. Ɛ-caa sɩba lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ ɛzɩ natozo mbʊ yɔ nɛ hɔʊ cɛyɩ kɩ-tɩ mbʊ pazɩ Suprabha kaawɛna yɔ. Pʊwayɩ lɛ, Ray la tɔsʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ Presidency Cɔlɛgɩ sukuli taa kɛ Kalikuta tɛtʊ taa, paa ɛ-liu sɔɔlɩm ewokina-ɩ nɛ nesi tɛɛ keɖeɣa tʊma yɔɔ kɔyɔ. Pʊkɔma pɩnaɣ 194à alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, e-ɖoo seɣti-ɩ se ɛla sukuli kɛ Visva-Bharati sukuli ŋgʊ Rabindrabath Tagore kaatʊla Santiniketan tɛtʊ taa yɔ. Ray etisi se ɛɖɛɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, ɛsɔɔlɩ Kalikuta tɛtʊ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ lɛɛkʊ lɛ, ɛ-pɩjatʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ lɛɛɖɛ yɔ se ɛnʊ wɛ lɔŋ camɩyɛ ɛ-ñʊʊ taa kɛ Santiniketan tɛtʊ taa.
Ray kʊyɩ Santiniketan pɩnaɣ 1943, nɛ pʊcɔ ɛtɛzɩ e-sukuli tʊmɩyɛ pɩnzɩ kɩgbanzɩ taa nɛ ɛpɩsɩ Kalitkuta ɖenɖe pamʊ-ɩ tʊmɩyɛ takayasɩ kɩsʊsasɩ tʊmɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ taa Piritaniiki tɛtʊ taa, D.J.Keymer. Pamʊ-ɩ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛzɩ junior visualiser (pʊtɔbʊʊ se lɩzɩyʊ cikpelu) nɛ pɛhɛyɩ-ɩ liidiye nɖɩ payaɣ roupii yɔ kɛ roupii naa 80 fenaɣ sɩkɩ lɛ.
Nɛ ɛzɩma nesi tɛ keɖeɣa tʊmɩyɛ kɛdɩna Ray pɩtɩɩfɛyɩ mbʊ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ sakɩyɛ taa palakaɣ-ɩ camɩyɛ mbʊ lɛ, pʊkɔna kɔkɔɖɛ naɖɩyɛ Piritaniiki ɛyaa nɛ Ɛndɩ ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa (pɛhɛyaɣ kajalaɣ ñɩma ɖeu), nɛ Ray tɔŋ se pɩjama pɛ-kɩyakʊ laɖaa sakɩyɛ. Pʊkɔma ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 1943 taa lɛ, pamʊ Ray tʊmɩyɛ Signet Press tʊmɩyɛ taa, pɩɩkɛ takayasɩ lɩzʊʊ ɖɩɣa kɩfala nakayɛ ŋga D.K. Gupta kaatʊla yɔ.


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Tɩsɩprɔsɩyɔm
Tɩsɩprɔsɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 66 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Dy. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ lɩna krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa δuσπpόσιtoς / dus-prósitos, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛwɛ kaɖɛ se pehiɣ-ɩ. Ɛkɛ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi ɛwɛ kɛtɛɖaɣ tɛtʊ naa taa yɔ, ɛwɛ kpʊzɩyɛɛ liidiye tɩyɛ. Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ lantanɩdɩ waa lalaa yɔ, ɛwɛ tɛyɩŋ, ɛwɛ manɩɩ nɛ ɛwɛ ɖɔfɩɩ nɛ papɩzɩɣ pɛsɛtɩ-ɩ nɛ sɩɣa. Helim taa ɛwɛ ɖiɣɖiɣ.
Pana tɩsɩprɔsɩyɔm pɩnaɣ 1886 pɩtɩŋna Paul Emile Lecoq Boisbaudran ñɩnʊ yɔɔ. Lecoq Boisbaudran ñɩnʊ laba ɛ-yɔɔ tʊmɩyɛ kajalaɣ ɖenɖe pɩtɩŋna hɔlɩmɩyɔm yɔɔ nɛ ɛha-ɩ hɩɖɛ se tɩsɩprɔsɩyɔm pɩlɩna krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔɔ mbʊ se dysprositos pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pʊwɛ kaɖɛ se pehiɣ-ɩ.
Pɩkɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-tɛ tʊma labɩnaʊ kaaɖɔ piŋ yɔ. Ɛ-tɛ lɩm pʊtʊnaa mba pɔyɔɔlaɣa yɔ pataa kɩlɩ wɛnaʊ sɔtɔ piŋ, piyele mba pɔtɔ yɔɔlʊʊ yɔ pakpaɣ papa ɛzɩ sɔtʊ ñɩma yɔ. Kɔɔ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɛ, sɔtʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɛ kɛ tɩsɩprɔsɩyɔm tɛ kɩlɔrɩ pʊtʊnaa yɔɔ mbʊ yɔ palaba tʊmɩyɛ pɔ-yɔɔ ɖooo pɩnzɩ 1960, kɛlɛ pana se pɛ-tɛ sɔtʊ nɛ laɣsɩ nzɩ pɛwɛna wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ lalaa mba pɛ nɛ-wɛ pɛkpɛnda pɛwɛɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ pɩlʊʊ kʊyʊmʊʊtaa yɔ.
Kɛlɛ hɔlɩmɩyɔm nɛ ɛrbɩyɔm tɛ kɩlɔrɩ wonduu naa pasɩɣ holaa ɖoŋ nɛ pɩkɔŋna sɩm mbʊ pʊyɔɔ pɩcamʊʊ ñamɩyɛ calɩm hosi nɛ feziŋ ɛɛlakɩ camɩyɛ. Yee pʊtʊkɩna ɛsɩyɛ yɔ (patakaa nɛ pana lɛ) pɩkɔŋna ɛsɛcɩtʊ nɛ pɩkpɛndɩna kɩcɩkpɩŋ. Tomnaɣ keeke yɔɔ lɛ, pɩfɛyɩna cɛyɩtʊ natʊyʊ kɛlɛ tomnaɣ ŋga kɔ-yɔɔ kpɛza yɔ payaɣ cɛjɛsɩ pɩwɛ heɣe heɣe nɛ halɩ hɔndʊ tɔʊʊ.


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Gbaŋ dieke
Juudi
dɩ maagɩna wʋnna
1
1 Manɩŋ Juudi vuodieke dɩ yine Yisa Masia tʋntʋntʋ ta bɩ yi Jemisi nɩmbʋa, maagɩnana gbaŋkʋ gie a yɩa vuodiekemba tɩ Chɔɔŋ Ŋmɩŋ dɩ vʋarɩna ba ta cho be ta Yisa Masia dɩ gbarɩ ba wa: 2 Ŋmɩŋ chɩgɩ nɩ zɔɔlɩŋ, ta yɩ nɩ sʋgɩdʋagɩŋ aŋaŋ choti pam.
Yaa gamma ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ dɩdagɩrɩba wɩa
3 N nɩmballɩ choti, die n mɩa mɩŋ dɩ n maagɩ nɩ gbanɩŋ yaa gamma gbatɩtaaŋ dieke tɩ yalla wa ma, ama lele n yeye mɩŋ ta dɩ yiwo talasɩ dɩ n maagɩ a yɩ nɩ, ta kpaaŋ nɩ aŋ nɩ ŋmɩntɩ niŋ a yaalɩma yada wudieke Ŋmɩŋ dɩ nagɩna a yɩ ʋ vuosi wo vɩɩnɩŋ, ta daa vaa vuoŋ tarɩgɩha. 4 Dama vuosi bataŋ, vuodiekemba dɩ kana ka chɩga Ŋmɩŋ lɔbɩrɩna a bie nɩ sʋŋ, ta tarɩgɩ wʋnɩŋ Ŋmɩŋ zɔɔlɩnchɩgɩla wɩaha dɩ ba yime ba nyɩŋgbanɩŋ lɔlɩbɩatɩ tʋʋma; ta ka tuo Yisa Masia nʋaŋ; wʋnɩŋ ʋ nyɩɩna ma ʋ yine tɩ Sikpeŋtieŋ aŋaŋ tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ. Wʋbɩayiiribe gie tɩbɩdatɩŋ wɔŋ maagɩ Ŋmɩŋ gbaŋkʋ sʋŋ a yʋasɩ mɩŋ.
5 Wudieke n yaala n balɩ nɩ naa, nɩ wɔŋ wʋŋ a mana mɩŋ, ta bɩ sɩba ha, ama n yaala n tɩɩnsɩ nɩ yaa gamma a wɩa; tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ Nabidie Ŋmɩŋ die gbatɩ wa ʋ vuosi a nyɩŋ Ijipiti tɩŋgbaŋ ma, ama ka kʋaŋ chaaŋ die ʋ kʋʋ ba bataŋ vuodiekemba dɩ kana ka yi wo yada wa. 6 Nɩ bɩ sɩba a baarɩ dɩ malaka diekemba die dɩ kana ka mɩŋŋɩ a pɔgɩlɩ yiko dieke Ŋmɩŋ dɩ yɩna ba aŋaŋ ka sieŋ me wo, ta die ka bɩ wɩarɩ a bie ba jigiberisike arɩzanna ma wa, Ŋmɩŋ die bɔbɩ ba mɩŋ aŋaŋ chɔrɩma a nagɩ ba taaŋ dansarɩka vɔrɩ dieke dɩ golinne ta bɩ yi lɩmɩŋ ma, ta gbarɩ dakpeŋkpɩɩŋ dieke ʋ bala ʋ dii ba sarɩya wa. 7 Die gbaŋ gbaŋ dɩ yi a yɩ Sodomi aŋaŋ Gomora tɩgɩsɩ aŋaŋ tɩgɩ diekemba die dɩ gbigine mi wo. Vuosi mi die tʋma daakpana aŋaŋ hɔgʋkpana tʋʋma, ta die dɩ lɔlɩbɩatɩ pam ta die ye tɩbɩdatɩ dieke die dɩ yine boli dieke dɩ dinene yaa gamma haahuu, ka yi kpaamɩŋ a yɩa vuoŋ mana.
8 Ŋmɩnchɩbɩsɩ dɩdagɩrɩba gie bala dɩ ba daansa yɩnana ba sieŋ ba yie ba nyɩŋgbanɩŋ dɩgɩntɩ aŋaŋ hɔgʋkpana aŋaŋ daakpana tʋʋma, ta zeti Ŋmɩŋ nʋaŋ, ta bɩ zɩa Ŋmɩŋ malakasi. 9 Ama malakasi jakʋʋŋ vuodieke saaŋ dɩ dine Makeli wo, saŋŋa dieke wʋnɩŋ aŋaŋ Sitaani die dɩ wagɩna Mosisi nyɩŋgbanɩŋ wɩa wa, ama Makeli gbaŋ die dɩ ka zɩa Sitaani, die ʋ balɩ wa dɩ, “Ŋmɩŋ nan dagɩ fʋ yɩaŋ.” 10 Ama vuosi gie nɩŋ, zɩa jadieke mana ba kana ka sɩba ka chɩaŋ, ta yie wudieke mana ba yaalala sɩba dɔŋɩsɩ dɩ wone yɩaŋ dene, ta chʋʋsa ba gbaŋ. 11 Wʋbɩaŋ bie ba ma, dama ba dɩ wa Keeni siebɩakʋ; ba bɩ yiwo gɩgaantɩŋ ligire wɩa sɩba Baalami die dɩ sɩna dene; ta bɩ tʋma sɩba Kora die dɩ tʋnna dene wo ta ka dɩ Ŋmɩŋ nʋarɩ ta keŋ kpi wo; ba gbaŋ ba nan kpi die. 12 Vuosi gie dɩ keŋ lagɩŋ aŋaŋ nɩ tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ choti nʋabalɩmɩŋ dʋʋga diile saŋŋa ba sɩɩ sɩba chachabɩ ta nan bɩagɩ chʋʋsɩ nɩ. Ba ka chɩga viivi aŋaŋ ba baga dɩ benne ba nyɩɩna ma ba ma wa. Ba sɩɩ sɩba nɩɩŋmara diekemba dɩ kana ka yaa nɩɩŋ kieŋ, ama ta bʋlɔgɩsɩŋ dɩ yaa ha a chʋŋ; ta bɩ sɩɩ sɩba tɩɩ diekemba dɩ kana ka nyɩnna nyɩŋnyɩŋka ka nyɩŋnyɩŋka saŋŋa, ta bɩ sɩɩ sɩba tɩɩ diekemba ba vʋʋna ka dagɩrɩsɩ ta ka kpi wo. 13 Ba sɩɩ sɩba mʋgɩkpɩɩŋ nyaaŋ dɩ ŋaana poŋŋe ta yaa fʋnfʋgɩtɩ aŋaŋ dɩgɩntɩ dene wo, ta bɩ sɩɩ sɩba chɩŋmarɩ diekemba dɩ ŋaana dɩ dɩa dene wo; ta lɩmɩŋ dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ dɩ chɩɩsa ba wa.
14 Enɔki, vuodieke dɩ diisine Adami haagɩsɩ bʋyʋpɔyɩ ma die yiŋŋine balɩ ba wɩa dɩ, “Ŋmɩŋ aŋaŋ ʋ malakasi tuse tuse kieŋ 15 dɩ ʋ dii vuoŋ mana sarɩya, ta chʋʋsɩ vuodiekemba mana dɩ kana ka chɩga wa, dama ba yiwo wʋbɩatɩ ta ka dɩ wa; aŋaŋ vuobɩatɩtɩ mana dɩ balala a chʋʋsa wa wa, ta ba baga dɩ wori aŋaŋ wa dene wo.”
16 Vuosi gie yiwo vuodiekemba dɩ vʋʋnana ta naga ba chanchaalɩŋ taalɩ, ta yie ba gbaŋ lɔlɩbɩatɩ tʋʋma, ta kuule pam, ta naga nʋanansɩŋ a tuose nyindiekemba mana ba yaalala a nyɩnna vuosi jigiŋ. 17 N nɩmballɩ choti, nɩ tɩɩnsɩ wudieke tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ Yisa Masia tʋntʋntɩba die dɩ bala nɩ saŋŋa dieke dɩ tɩanna wa. 18 Die ba baarɩ dɩ, “Dakpatɩkɩrɩ daraaha mi vuodiekemba dɩ dɩna ba nyɩŋgbanɩŋ lɔlɩbɩatɩ nan keŋ a vʋarɩ nɩ fala.” 19 Banɩŋ vuosi mi yaa wa puole a kieŋ; ba nyɩŋgbanɩŋ choti nyɩɩna ma pɔgɩlɩna ba, Ŋmɩŋ Halɩkasɩka wo ba ma. 20 N nɩmballɩ choti, nɩ vaa nɩ sʋgɩtɩ hagɩrɩma aŋaŋ Masia wʋvɩɩŋ dieke dɩ yine kasɩ wa, ta jʋʋsɩma Ŋmɩŋ ʋ Halɩkasɩka hagɩrɩŋ ma, 21 ta nɩ yi vuodiekemba Ŋmɩŋ dɩ chone, ta chɩɩsɩma saŋŋa dieke tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ Yisa Masia dɩ nan keŋ yɩ nɩ miivoli dieke dɩ wone kpatɩŋ, ʋ zɔɔlɩnchɩgɩla wɩa wa.
22 Vuodiekemba ba yada dɩ leeŋinene wo, nɩ chɩgɩ ba zɔɔlɩŋ, 23 ta gbatɩ ba a nyɩŋ Sitaani boliŋ me; ta vuodiekemba dɩ yalla ba lɔlɩbɩatɩ magɩlaha, nɩ chɩgɩ ba zɔɔlɩŋ, ta bɩ yallɩma ŋmaamɩŋ, ta da gbigi ba wʋbɩatɩtɩ jigiŋ.
Ŋmɩŋ bɩrɩŋ
24 Ŋmɩŋ nan bɩagɩ gbarɩ nɩ ta nɩ kaaŋ dɩ nanna, ta keŋ yaa nɩ tʋgɩ ʋ nɩŋŋa chuulikpeŋkpɩɩŋ ma, ta nɩ kaaŋ yaa wʋbɩaŋ, ta nɩ nan yaa sʋgɩfɩalɩŋ pam; 25 wʋnɩŋ vuodieke dɩ yine Ŋmɩŋ balɩŋka ta gbatɩ tɩ tɩ Yɔmʋtieŋ Yisa Masia wɩa wa, ʋ sɩna bɩrɩŋ aŋaŋ jɩlɩma aŋaŋ hagɩrɩŋ aŋaŋ yiko, saŋŋa dieke dɩ tɩanna wa, aŋaŋ lele gie, yaa gamma haahuu! Wusie.


text:
Dayigǝ tɔnɔ kʋlʋ Pooli na pʋpʋnɩ o pa
KORƐNTƖ TIINƎ tɩn
Dayigǝ tɔnɔ kʋlʋ Pooli na pʋpʋnɩ o pa Korɛntɩ tiinǝ tɩn na brɩ dɩbam kʋlʋ tɩn mʋ tɩntʋ
Pooli dɛɛn pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ kʋntʋ o pa Wɛ nɔɔna balʋ na wʋ Korɛntɩ nɩ tɩn mʋ. Pooli tɩtɩ dɛɛn mʋ puli Wɛ tɩtʋŋa dáanɩ, yɩ o zʋ da bɩm dɩ cicoro (Tɩtʋŋa Tɔnɔ 18:11).
Korɛntɩ ya yɩ tʋ-kamunu kʋlʋ na jɩgɩ jɩjɩgɩrʋ zanzan, kʋ na jɩgɩ nabwǝǝru zɩgɩm je sɩle yɩ ba kɩ pipiu da tɩn ŋwaanɩ. Nɔɔna zanzan dɛɛn wʋra ba na jɩgɩ yǝno dɩ cullu dwi tǝri tǝri. Ba maa kɩ boorim dɩ lwarɩm zanzan, kʋ pa kʋntʋ woŋo dɩ loŋi Wɛ nɔɔna bam.
Ka maŋa nɩ Pooli nan daa tǝri ba tee nɩ, yɩ o laan ni ba ŋwa nɩ kampwara dɩ wo-balwaarʋ tɩdonnǝ mʋ zʋ ba tɩtarɩ. Kʋ ma pa-o liǝ, yɩ o laan pʋpʋnɩ twaanʋ o pa-ba. O twaanʋ tɩm wʋnɩ tɩntʋ tɩle mʋ tɔgɩ tɩ zʋ Wɛ tɔnɔ kʋm wʋ, sɩ dɩbam dɩ wanɩ dɩ́ lwarɩ, cam na yi dɩbam, dɩ́ na wʋ́ kɩ te, sɩ dɩ́ ma kwɛ-dɩ tɩn.
Pooli nan kaanɩ-ba, sɩ ba yagɩ kampwara (pɔɔrɩm 1-4),
dɩ boorim kikiǝ (pɔɔrɩm 5),
sɩ ba daa yɩ taa ve nɔɔna balʋ na yǝri Wɛ tɩn te sɩ bantʋ di ba taanɩ (6:1-11).
O brɩ-ba nɩ ba maŋɩ sɩ ba ma ba yɩra yam ba tʋŋɩ ba pa Wɛ mʋ (6:12-20).
O laan ma lǝri ba na bwe-o bwiǝ yalʋ tɩn,
kʋ na yɩ kadri laŋa nɩ (pɔɔrɩm 7),
naa nwana yalʋ ba na mɛ ba kaanɩ jwǝnǝ tɩn laŋa nɩ (pɔɔrɩm 8-10),
naa Zezi tʋʋnɩ gulim wʋdiu laŋa nɩ (pɔɔrɩm 11),
dɩ Wɛ Joro pɛɛra yam laŋa nɩ (pɔɔrɩm 12-14),
dɩ twa biim woŋo (pɔɔrɩm 15).
Tɔnɔ kʋm tiim nɩ o ŋɔɔnɩ sǝbu-lɩʋ Wɛ-di sɩm na wʋra ba kɩ tɩn woŋo, dɩ o tɩtɩ na lagɩ sɩ o kɩ kʋlʋ tɩn, yɩ o laan jɔɔnɩ-ba (pɔɔrɩm 16).
Tɔnɔ kʋntʋ wʋnɩ Pooli brɩ nɩ, Wɛ pɛɛra yam maama wʋnɩ, sono mʋ yɩ woŋo kʋlʋ na dwe maama tɩn, sɩ dɩ́ ma tʋŋɩ Wɛ tɩtʋŋa yam (pɔɔrɩm 13).
1
1 Amʋ Pooli wʋlʋ Wɛ na kuri dɩ DƖ tɩtɩ wʋbʋŋa sɩ a taa yɩ Zezi Krisi tɩntʋŋnʋ tɩn mʋ pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ kʋntʋ, yɩ dɩ́ ko-bu Sositɛnɩ dɩ tɔgɩ o wǝli-nɩ. 2 Dɩ́ pʋpʋnɩ sɩ dɩ́ pa abam balʋ na yɩ Zezi kɔgɔ kʋm wʋ nɔɔna yɩ á zʋʋrɩ Korɛntɩ nɩ tɩn mʋ. Abam mʋ yɩ balʋ Wɛ na kuri sɩ á taá yɩ DƖ nɔɔna Zezi Krisi ŋwaanɩ tɩn. DƖ ma lɩ abam sɩ á taá yɩ DƖ nɔɔna, kʋ wǝli dɩ balʋ na wʋ je maama yɩ ba zuli Zezi Krisi tɩn. Wʋntʋ mʋ yɩ bantʋ dɩ dɩbam maama Yuutu.
3 Dɩ́ Ko Wɛ dɩ dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi wʋ́ pa abam yazurǝ dɩ yu-yoŋo.
4 Maŋa maama a yǝni a kɩ Wɛ le abam ŋwaanɩ, dɩ DƖ na pɛ abam yu-yoŋo Zezi Krisi ŋwaanɩ tɩn. 5 Abam na ŋwɩ dɩ Zezi tɩn, Wɛ sɩɩnɩ DƖ pa abam yu-yoŋo woŋo maama wʋnɩ, sɩ á taá ye DƖ cɩga kam maama, sɩ á kwǝri á taá waɩ á ŋɔɔnɩ DƖ taanɩ dɩm. 6 Bɛŋwaanɩ, dɩ́ dɛɛn na tɔɔlɩ Zezi Krisi kwǝrǝ kam dɩ abam tɩn, ka tiini ka ja kuri abam tee nɩ. 7 Á nɛ Wɛ pɛɛra yalʋ maama á na lagɩ tɩn, yɩ á cǝgi dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi sɩ o joori o ba sɩ dɩ́ na-o. 8 Wʋntʋ mʋ wʋ́ pa á taá zɩgɩ kǝŋkǝŋ sɩ kʋ vu yi tiim maŋa, sɩ á yɩ taá jɩgɩ wo-lɔŋɔ dɛ dɩm o na wʋ́ joori o ba tɩn nɩ. 9 Wɛ yɩ cɩga tu, yɩ dɩntʋ mʋ kuri abam sɩ á taá ŋwɩ dɩ DƖ Bu Zezi Krisi, o na yɩ dɩbam Yuutu tɩn.
Korɛntɩ tiinǝ ya na pɔɔrɩ daanɩ te tɩn
10 A ko-biǝ-ba, a loori abam dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi yɩrɩ ŋwaanɩ sɩ á taá jɩgɩ ni-mɔrɔ, sɩ á yɩ taá pɔɔrɩ daanɩ. Á nan kwaanɩ-na á kɩ á wʋbʋŋa daanɩ, sɩ á kɩ ni dɩdwɩ. 11 A tagɩ kʋntʋ, Klowe-ba sɔŋɔ tiinǝ na tagɩ dɩ amʋ ba wɩ á magɩ kantɔgɔ mʋ daanɩ tɩn ŋwaanɩ. 12 Abam badaara wɩ, á tɔgɩ Pooli mʋ. Abam badonnǝ maa wɩ, á tɔgɩ Apolɔsɩ mʋ. Badonnǝ maa wɩ, ba tɔgɩ Pɩyɛɛrɩ mʋ. Babam dɩ maa wɩ, ba tɔgɩ Zezi Krisi mʋ. 13 Abam bʋŋɩ nɩ Zezi Krisi pɔɔrɩ yɩra yɩra mʋ na? Amʋ Pooli mʋ tɩgɩ tʋʋn-dagarakam baŋa nɩ abam ŋwaanɩ na? Ba miisi abam na wʋnɩ amʋ yɩrɩ ŋwaanɩ mʋ na? 14 A kɩ Wɛ le, bɛŋwaanɩ amʋ wʋ miisi abam wʋlʋwʋlʋ na wʋnɩ, kʋ na daɩ Krisipu dɩ Gayusi yɩranɩ. 15 Kʋntʋ tɩn, nɔɔn-nɔɔnʋ bá wanɩ o ta nɩ a miisi abam na wʋnɩ amʋ yɩrɩ ŋwaanɩ. 16 Ah, a guli a ta na miisi Sɩtefanasɩ dɩ o sɔŋɔ tiinǝ dɩ, kʋ daarɩ kʋntʋ kwaga nɩ, wʋlʋ na wǝli da, a daa wʋ guli. 17 Zezi Krisi tʋŋɩ-nɩ sɩ a taa tɔɔlɩ o kwǝr-ywǝŋǝ kam mʋ a brɩ nɔɔna, sɩ o wʋ tʋŋɩ-nɩ sɩ a taa miisi nɔɔna na wʋnɩ. A na tɔɔlɩ Wɛ kwǝrǝ kam te tɩn, kʋ daɩ dɩ lʋgʋ baŋa swan mʋ a maa tɔɔlɩ-ka. A ya na tɔɔlɩ-ka dɩ lʋgʋ baŋa swan mʋ, Zezi tʋʋnɩ dɩm dagara kam baŋa nɩ tɩn ya bá ta jɩgɩ kuri kʋ paɩ nabiinǝ.
Wɛ swan na garɩ nabiinǝ swan te tɩn
18 Bɛŋwaanɩ Zezi tʋʋnɩ dɩm dagara kam baŋa nɩ tɩn taanɩ dɩm yɩ jwǝrim mʋ balʋ yigǝ na tǝrǝ dɩ Wɛ tɩn tee nɩ. Kʋ nan na yɩ dɩbam balʋ Wɛ na vrɩ lwarɩm wʋnɩ tɩn, taanɩ dɩntʋ yɩ Wɛ tɩtɩ dam mʋ dɩ dɩbam. 19 Kʋ nan maŋɩ kʋ pʋpʋnɩ Wɛ tɔnɔ kʋm wʋnɩ kʋ wɩ:
«Amʋ Baŋa-Wɛ wʋ́ cɔgɩ swan tiinǝ wʋbʋŋa,
yɩ a daarɩ a pa yi-pʋrɩ-nyɩna yi-pʋrʋ kʋm yáalɩ.»
20 Swan tiinǝ swan yam daa jɩgɩ kuri na? Tɔn-yeenǝ dɩ nɔɔna balʋ na ye ŋwaŋa tɩn yi-pʋrʋ kʋm jɩgɩ kuri na? Wɛ nan brɩ dɩbam nɩ lʋgʋ baŋa swan yam maama yɩ jwǝrim mʋ. 21 Wɛ swan yam ŋwaanɩ nabiinǝ bá wanɩ ba ma ba tɩtɩ swan ba lwarɩ-DƖ. Wɛ nan lɩ DƖ wʋbʋŋa sɩ DƖ tɔgɩ kwǝrǝ kalʋ dɩ́ na brɩ nɔɔna yɩ ba paɩ ka yɩ jwǝrim tɩn ŋwaanɩ mʋ, DƖ ma vrɩ balʋ na sɛ kwǝrǝ kam tɩn DƖ yagɩ. 22 Zwifǝ bam lagɩ sɩ ba na wo-kɩnkagɩla yalʋ na brɩ Wɛ dam tɩn mʋ. Grɛkɩ tiinǝ maa lagɩ sɩ ba cǝgi taanɩ dɩlʋ na wʋ́ brɩ-ba swan tɩn. 23 Kʋ nan na yɩ dɩbam, dɩ́ tɔɔlɩ Zezi Krisi wʋlʋ na tɩgɩ tʋʋn-dagarabaŋa nɩ tɩn kwǝrǝ mʋ. Kwǝrǝ kam kʋntʋ maa yɩ ta-balɔrɔ mʋ Zwifǝ bam tee nɩ, yɩ ka yɩ jwǝrim mʋ dɩ dwi-gɛ tiinǝ bam dɩ. 24 Kʋ daarɩ dɩbam balʋ Wɛ na kuri tɩn, kʋ na yɩ Zwifǝ bam naa dwi-gɛ tiinǝ dɩ, taanɩ dɩm kʋntʋ mʋ pɛ dɩ́ lwarɩ nɩ Zezi Krisi yɩ Wɛ swan yam dɩ DƖ dam tu. 25 Woŋo kʋlʋ nɔɔna na paɩ kʋ yɩ jwǝrim Wɛ tee nɩ tɩn garɩ nabiinǝ swan maama, yɩ kʋlʋ na bwǝmmǝ DƖ tee nɩ tɩn dana kʋ dwe nabiinǝ dam maama.
26 A ko-biǝ-ba, á bʋŋɩ á dɛɛn na yɩ te yɩ Wɛ laan ba DƖ kuri abam tɩn. Kʋ daɩ á zanzan yi dɛɛn mʋ pʋʋrɩ nɩnɛɛnɩ nabiinǝ na lagɩ yi-pʋrʋ kʋlʋ tɩn. Kʋ daɩ á zanzan mʋ yɩ dɩdɛɛra, naa á zanzan mʋ nuŋi nadunǝ sam. 27 Wɛ nan kuri balʋ nabiinǝ na paɩ ba yɩ jwǝǝru tɩn mʋ, sɩ DƖ ma pa cavɩɩra di swan tiinǝ. DƖ ma kuri balʋ nabiinǝ na paɩ ba yɩ nabwǝnǝ tɩn, sɩ DƖ ma pa cavɩɩra di dam tiinǝ. 28 DƖ ma daarɩ DƖ kuri balʋ nabiinǝ na gooni yɩ ba ba nɩgɩ tɩn, sɩ DƖ ma pa wǝǝnu tɩlʋ nabiinǝ na paɩ tɩ jɩgɩ kuri tɩn ji kafɛ. 29 Wɛ kuri nɔɔna bam kʋntʋ doŋ mʋ, sɩ nabiinǝ yɩ zaŋɩ ba wanɩ ba tee ba tɩtɩ DƖ yigǝ nɩ. 30 Wɛ nan mʋ pɛ abam ŋwɩ dɩ Zezi Krisi. Kʋntʋ ŋwaanɩ mʋ swan yalʋ Zezi na joŋi Wɛ tee nɩ tɩn laan jigi dɩbam swan. Wʋntʋ mʋ paɩ dɩ́ jɩgɩ cɩga Wɛ tee nɩ. O maa paɩ dɩ́ yɩ Wɛ nɔɔna. O ma kwe o tɩtɩ ŋwɩa o ma vrɩ dɩbam lwarɩm wʋnɩ. 31 Kʋntʋ tɩn, kʋlʋ na pʋpʋnɩ Wɛ tɔnɔ kʋm wʋnɩ tɩn yɩ cɩga mʋ, dɩ kʋ na wɩ: «Wʋlʋ na lagɩ sɩ o kɩ wʋpolo tɩn, sɩ o pa kʋ taa yɩ dɩ́ Yuutu wʋm ŋwaanɩ.»


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Pɩnzɩ hiŋ niitozo you
Pɩnzɩ hiŋ niitozo you pɩkɛ malɩfa you ŋgʊ kɩjɩɩ Eerɔpʊ pɩnzɩ 1618 ŋtalɩ 1648 alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ. Lɩmaɣza wena a-yɔɔ poyowaɣ yɔ a-ɖɔɔ ɛlɛ pʊdʊ weyi koŋ ɛnʊ lɛ ɛzɩma pakʊyɩna ɛyaa mba pɛgbɛʊ nʊʊ nɛ Habsbourg ɖɩɣa yɔ, pɩtɛ nɩŋgbaŋgʊʊ hɔm nɛ ɛyaa ɛzɩma pɔsɔɔla se pɛ-cɛjɛyɛ ɛkpa ɖoŋ yɔ nɛ Katoliki Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ Empiri Kiɖeɖeu taa.
You ŋgʊ kɩɩwɛ Habsbourg Ɛsɩpaañɩ ŋgʊ tɛ ɛyaa nɛ Empiri Kiɖeɖeu ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa kɛnɛ. Papa maɣmaɣ kaawɛ ɖoŋ tɩ-yɔɔ, Caama pɩyɩyaa ajɛyɛ pɩlɩna Empiri Kiɖeɖeu, nɛ ajɛyɛ wena asɔza Eerɔpʊ ajɛyɛ wena añɔtɩna nɛ akɛ pɩyɩyaa tɛ ɛyaa, kewiisi kɩkpɛndɩsɩ nɛ Sɩkandɩnavɩ ajɛyɛ, ɖɔɖɔ Fransɩɩ ŋgʊ kɩkɛ Katoliki ɖɔɖɔ ɛlɛ kʊlʊkaɣna pɩyɩyaa kɩmaɣmaɣ kɩ-tɛ yɔ, kaawɛ ɖɔɖɔ se paɖɩzɩ Habsbourg ɖɩɣa Erɔpʊ kedeŋga yɔɔ.
You ŋgʊ kɩɩtana Eerɔpʊ ajɛyɛ tɩŋga, wena pɩlɩna se asɔɔla yaa atɔsɔɔlɩ wɩyaʊ sɔsɔ ŋgbɛyɛ yɔ ɛlɛ Angɩlɩtɛrɩ nɛ Ruusii patafɛyɩ pɩtaa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pataawɩlɩ pa-tɩ keele pɔtɔsɔɔlɩ Habsbourg ŋgbɛyɛ. Sɔɔjanaa kɩtɩma mʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ kaakɛna-wɛ paɣtʊ. Kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Eerɔpʊ nɛ kɩ-hɛkʊ taa yoŋ ɛnʊ ɛwɛɛ pɩtɩŋna Ampiri Kiɖeɖeʊ yɔɔ nɛ kɩtalɩ Flande kɛdɛŋga taa nɛ Itaali nɛ kɩ-hayi kiŋ yaa Ibiriki ɛwadɩyɛ taa.
Ɖama yonaʊ, ñɔɔsɩ nɛ ɖama kʊgʊʊ kaatɩna ɛyaa miiliiyɔɔ naa sakɩyɛ tɛ sɩm. Eerɔpʊ tɛ ɛyaa you ŋgʊ kɩcaɣ ɛyaa huu yɔɔ nɛ tɔsʊʊ huu kɛ Caama ajɛyɛ yɔɔ nɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ kewiyaɣ ajɛyɛ yɔɔ nɛ kɩcaɣzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ Fransɩɩ ɖoŋ weyi ɛtasa ɛ-tɩ hiɣ ɖaja Louis 14 kewɩyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ.


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Tɔnɔ kʋlʋ ba na pʋpʋnɩ ba pa
EBRU TIINƎ tɩn
Tɔnɔ kʋlʋ ba na pʋpʋnɩ ba pa Ebru tiinǝ tɩn na brɩ dɩbam kʋlʋ tɩn mʋ tɩntʋ
Ebru tiinǝ yɩ Zwifǝ bam yɩrɩ dɩdoŋ mʋ. Dɩ́ yǝri wʋlʋ na pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ kʋntʋ tɩn. O nan pʋpʋnɩ o pa Zezi nɔɔna balʋ na nɛ yaara zanzan tɩn mʋ. O ma pʋpʋnɩ sɩ ba yɩ yagɩ Wɛ cwǝŋǝ tɔgɩm. O ma pa ba na baarɩ sɩ ba taa zɩgɩ kǝŋkǝŋ, dɩ ba na lwarɩ nɩ dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi na kɩ kʋlʋ tɩn na dwe woŋo maama te tɩn ŋwaanɩ.
Tɔnɔ kʋm dɛ yigǝ kʋ brɩ nɩ Wɛ tɔgɩ DƖ Bu Zezi ŋwaanɩ mʋ DƖ brɩ DƖ tɩtɩ dɩ nabiinǝ, yɩ Wɛ daa bá wǝli kʋlʋkʋlʋ kʋntʋ baŋa nɩ. Zezi nan dwe Wɛ nijoŋnǝ balʋ dɛɛn na wʋra tɩn, o dwe Wɛ malɛsɩ sɩm, o dwe Moyisi dɩ Zozwe dɩ (pɔɔrɩm 1-3).
Zezi dwe Wɛ kaanɩm tiinǝ balʋ dɛɛn na wʋra tɩn, o yɩ Wɛ kaanɩm tu wʋlʋ na wʋra maŋa maama tɩn mʋ. Zezi na dwe Wɛ kaanɩm tiinǝ bam maama tɩn mʋ paɩ nɔɔna naɩ vrɩm cɩga cɩga lwarɩm dɩ tʋʋnɩ wʋnɩ. Yisɩrayɛlɩ tiinǝ dɛɛn na yǝni ba ma varɩm ba kaanɩ ba pa Wɛ tɩn, kʋ yɩ Zezi Krisi tʋʋnɩ dɩm nyɩnyʋgʋ mʋ (pɔɔrɩm 4-10).
Tɔnɔ kʋm tiim jǝgǝ nɩ kʋ pɛ nɔɔna bam baarɩ mʋ, sɩ ba taa ve yigǝ Wɛ cwǝŋǝ kam wʋnɩ. Kʋ brɩ faŋa faŋa Wɛ nɔɔna bam na kɩ ba wʋ-dɩdʋa dɩ Wɛ te tɩn, yɩ kʋ kwe balʋ na wʋ́ karɩmɩ-kʋ tɩn sɩ ba tɩɩgɩ Zezi yɩranɩ, sɩ ba taa nii Zezi sɩ ba taa tɔg-o dɩ ba wʋ maama, sɩ ba sɛ cam dɩ yaara, sɩ ba zɩgɩ kǝŋkǝŋ sɩ kʋ vu kʋ yi kweelim dɛ (pɔɔrɩm 10-13).
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Wɛ tɔgɩ DƖ Bu Zezi ŋwaanɩ mʋ DƖ ŋɔɔnɩ dɩ dɩbam
1 Faŋa faŋa tɩn, Wɛ dɛɛn ŋɔɔnɩ dɩ dɩbam nabaara bam kuni zanzan mʋ. DƖ dɛɛn yǝni DƖ pa DƖ nijoŋnǝ bam mʋ ŋɔɔnɩ wǝǝnu dwi tǝri tǝri dɩ ba. 2 Kʋ daarɩ lele kʋntʋ na yɩ lʋgʋ baŋa kweelim maŋa tɩn, Wɛ laan pɛ DƖ Bu mʋ ba o ŋɔɔnɩ DƖ taanɩ dɩ dɩbam. Wɛ dɛ wʋntʋ ŋwaanɩ mʋ DƖ kɩ lʋgʋ baŋa dɩ wɛyuu wǝǝnu maama, yɩ DƖ pa-o ni sɩ o ba o taa te wǝǝnu maama. 3 Wɛ Bu wʋm mʋ jɩgɩ pooni dɩlʋ na brɩ Wɛ paarɩ-zulǝ yam na yɩ te tɩn. O maa jɩgɩ o Ko Wɛ nyɩnyʋgʋ fasɩ. O ni-taanɩ maa jɩgɩ dam yɩ dɩ paɩ wǝǝnu maama fɔgɩ tɩ zɩga.
O ma ba o saarɩ nɔɔna lwarɩm o fɔgɩ-ba o pa ba ji lanyɩranɩ, yɩ o laan joori o di Baŋa-Wɛ te o vu o jǝni DƖ jazɩm nɩ. 4 Kʋntʋ tɩn, Baŋa-Wɛ Bu dwe Wɛ malɛsɩ sɩm, dɩ Wɛ na pɛ-o yɩrɩ dɩlʋ na daga dɩ dwe sɩntʋ na jɩgɩ yɩra yalʋ tɩn ŋwaanɩ.
Zezi Krisi dwe Wɛ malɛsɩ sɩm maama
5 Kʋ na yɩ malɛsɩ sɩm, Wɛ wʋ fɔgɩ DƖ ta dɩ malɛka DƖ wɩ:
«Nmʋ mʋ yɩ amʋ Bu,
yɩ zɩm amʋ dɩ jigi nmʋ Ko.»
Wɛ nan wʋ tagɩ malɛka kalʋkalʋ taanɩ DƖ wɩ:
«Amʋ wʋ́ ta yɩ ka Ko,
sɩ ka dɩ taa yɩ amʋ bu.»
6 Kʋ daarɩ maŋa kalʋ Wɛ na lagɩ DƖ tʋŋɩ DƖ Bu-dʋa kam sɩ o ba lʋgʋ baŋa tɩn, DƖ tagɩ DƖ wɩ:
«Malɛsɩ sɩm maama maŋɩ sɩ sɩ kuni doonǝ mʋ sɩ zul-o.»
7 Kʋ nan na yɩ malɛsɩ sɩm, Wɛ tagɩ sɩ taanɩ DƖ wɩ:
Sɩ yɩ dɩntʋ tɩntʋŋna mʋ,
yɩ DƖ pa sɩ nyɩ nɩ viu dɩ min-vwɩ te,
sɩ sɩ taa tʋŋɩ sɩ pa-DƖ.
8 Kʋ daarɩ kʋ na yɩ Wɛ Bu wʋm, DƖ tagɩ o taanɩ DƖ wɩ:
«Nmʋ yɩ Wɛ mʋ, n paarɩ dɩm wʋ́ ta wʋra
sɩ kʋ taa ve maŋa kalʋ na ba ti tɩn.
Nmʋ wʋ́ ta n te n nɔɔna bam dɩ cɩga.
9 Nmʋ soe cɩga cwǝŋǝ,
yɩ n daarɩ n culi balɔrɔ.
Kʋntʋ ŋwaanɩ mʋ n Ko Baŋa-Wɛ pɛ nmʋ na wʋpolo lanyɩranɩ dɩ zulǝ n dwǝni balʋ maama na wʋra dɩ nmʋ tɩn.»
10 Wɛ ta tagɩ DƖ wɩ:
«Nmʋ wʋlʋ na yɩ wǝǝnu maama Yuutu tɩn mʋ kɩ lʋgʋ baŋa pulim nɩ,
yɩ n ta kwǝri n ma n jɩa n kɩ wɛyuu wǝǝnu maama.
11 Wǝǝnu tɩm kʋntʋ maama wʋ́ ba tɩ cɔgɩ,
kʋ daarɩ nmʋ nan wʋra mʋ maŋa maama.
Wǝǝnu tɩm kʋntʋ maama wʋ́ ba tɩ doori nɩ gɔrɔ na yǝni kʋ doori te tɩn.
12 Tɩ wʋ́ ba tɩ lɩɩrɩ, yɩ n kukuli-tɩ n tiŋi nɩ n na kukuli gwar-doŋo n tiŋi yɩ n daarɩ n lǝni gwar-dʋŋʋ n zʋ te tɩn.
Nmʋ nan ta wʋ́ ta n yɩ nɩ n na maŋɩ n yɩ te tɩn mʋ.
N ŋwɩa bá fɔgɩ ka ti.»
13 Wɛ dɛɛn wʋ fɔgɩ DƖ ta dɩ DƖ malɛsɩ sɩm kalʋkalʋ DƖ wɩ:
«Ba n jǝni a jazɩm nɩ,
sɩ a kɩ n dʋna maama n nɛ kuri nɩ sɩ n nɔ-ba nɩ tɩga te.»
Kʋ yɩ DƖ Bu wʋm yɩranɩ mʋ DƖ tagɩ kʋntʋ.
14 Malɛsɩ sɩm laŋa nan yɩ ta mʋ? Sɩ nyɩ nɩ jwǝǝru mʋ te, sɩ ba jɩgɩ yɩra nɩ nabiinǝ te. Sɩntʋ yɩ sɩlʋ na tʋŋɩ sɩ pa Wɛ tɩn mʋ. Wɛ maa yǝni DƖ tʋŋɩ-sɩ, yɩ sɩ ve sɩ zǝni balʋ na wʋ́ na vrɩm tɩn.


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Kantɔnɛɛ kʊnʊŋ
Kantɔnɛɛ kɛ Canton tɛtʊ taa kʊnʊŋ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛlɛ, ŋcɔnaa kʊnʊmɩŋ taa kɔyɔ, yʊsaɣ sakɩyɛ wɛ Kantɔnɛɛ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Mandarɛɛ kʊnʊŋ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɖɩnaɣ Ɛsɩpaañɩ nɛ Fransɩɩ pa-kʊnʊmɩŋ hɛkʊ taa. Ɛlɛ, paa kʊnʊmɩŋ ɩnʊ ɩ-nɩʊ maʊ taa ɛwɛ camɩyɔ kɔyɔ, pɩtɩŋna Siini tɔmpe wena akɛ kʊyʊma yɔ a-yɔɔ.
Mandarɛɛ tɛ tʊkaɣ kɛlɛ se kʊwɛna yɔɔdasɩɩ naanza nɛ Kantɔnɛɛ kʊnʊŋ ñɛwɛɛna kʊkʊ yɔɔdasɩɩ nakʊ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se yɔɔdasɩɩ nasɩyɛ lɩʊ ndɩ ndɩ tam nakʊ nɛ sɩwɛɛna tɔbʊʊ nɩʊ tam nakʊ pɩlɩɩna yɔɔdʊtʊ nɔɔ cɔlɔ. Pʊwayɩ lɛ Kantɔnɛɛ kʊnʊŋ tɔmpe tɛyɩʊ taa lɛ, nabʊyʊ taa nasɩyɛ tɛzɩɣna abalɩ masɩ (p, b, m, n, ng, g, k, d, t) ŋgʊ Mandarɛɛ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, halɩ masɩ yeke nɛ abalɩmasɩ naalɛ yeke koŋ (n, ng) kɛ tɔmpiye tɛzɩʊ taa.
Pamaɣ-kʊ nɛ Siini tɔmpe, a-taa naayɛ kɛ kɩ-maɣmaɣ kɩ-masɩ nɛ, yaa paatasɩɣ-sɩ katʊʊ kaʊ kɛ Mandarɛɛ kʊnʊŋ taa. Mbʊ lɛ, papɩzɩɣ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-sɩ yaa palakɩna-sɩ tʊmɩyɛ pazɩ pazɩ nɛ sɩtɛ sɩwɛɛna kamaɣ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ Jyutping matʊ yɔ.
Siini nɛ hadɛ kiŋ aŋgba kɛna dooo poliŋ ñɩna wena amɩza lɔŋ lɔŋ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa yɔ se papɩsɩ aŋgba wena alɩna Siini tɛ mɩzɩ kɛ ajɛyaa taa yɔ. Kantɔnɛɛ kʊnʊŋ pɩza nɛ kɩcaɣ ɛzɩ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊ na ɖama, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ anglo-saxon ɛjaɖɛ taa, ɛlɛ kɩɖɩna kʊɣ Mandarɛɛ kʊnʊŋ.


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Krɩkɛtɩ
Krɩkɛtɩ tomnaɣ taa hayɩsʊʊ aleɣya naayɛ. Pɩkɛna alɣya wena ɛyaa sakɩyɛ pɩzʊ nɛ peleɣyɩ yɔ. Pamakɩ-kʋ nɛ ɖaʋ. Kɩ-pɔza maɖaa hɔlɩŋ nɩɩlɛ, paa hɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ maɖaa kpɛnda hiu nɛ kʋɖʋm. Pamakɩ-kʋ kadaɣ taa, nɛ kadaɣ ŋga kɛwɛ kulukulu ɛzɩ yaɖɛ yɔ. Kadaɣ kanɛyɔ, kɔyɔ nɛ n̄ɩtʋ ndʋ paya tʋ size kaazɔɔ yɔ. Kɛ-hɛkʋ taa nɛ lone nɖɩ ɖɩwalanzɩ tala mɛta waa nɛɛlɛ ɖalakɩŋ taa mbʋ yɔ.
Papazʋʋ aleɣya anaa lɛ, paa hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ lɛ kɩ-cɛyʋ kɩ-tɩ se kʋɖʋzɩ lɛkʋʋ kpaaɖɛ. Paa hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋʋ lɛ, kɩwɛna maɖaa naalɛ kadaɣ taa. Hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋɖʋzʋʋ kpaala a-ɖɔɔ yɔ, ŋgʋ wabɩna. Maɖaa tɩŋga wɛʊ kadaɣ taa nɛ palʊ naalɛ naalɛ kɛ hɛkʊ taa ɖenɖe pasɩ kpoŋgbolonaa yɔ. Paapazʊ mabʊ ɛlɛ, pɔlɔʊ pombo ŋgʊ pamakɩna ɖaŋ yɔ hɛkʊ taa. Mba pɩkaza-wɛ yɔ, paɖaŋgʊ se lalaa ɛtaaɖʊ-wɛ.
Ɖooo ɛlɛ, aleɣya anɛ aakɛ ɛzɩ piya acama aleɣya yɔ kɛ Aŋglɩtɛɛrɩ taa. Pɩnzɩ 1300 taa, Aŋglɩtɛɛrɩ taa wiyau pɩyalʊ Édouard II keleyaɣ aleɣya naayɛ nɛ añɔtɩna krikɛtɩ kʊnɛ kpam, ɛlɛ nɔɔyʊ ɛɛsɩŋ se ana kɛ papɩsɩna mbʊ yaa ɛzɩma. Ɛlɛ, Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ pana takayaɣ nakayɩ nɛ ka-taa lɛ, pɔyɔɔdɩ aleɣya anɛ a-tɔm. Pɩkɛna pɩnaɣ 1478 ɛlɛ wiyau sɔsɔ Louis XI kɛ paama-kɛ nɛ pɔpɔzʊ-ɩ nabʊyʊ.


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Baalɛɛnɩ
"Baalɛɛnɩ" kɛ kpakpayaɣ sɔsɔɔ nakɛyɛ.
Tɔmpiye "Baalɛɛnɩ" lɩna Laatɛɛ kʋnʋŋ taa. Kʋnʋŋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa lɛ, payaɣ se ballaena yaa ballena yaa ɖɔɖɔ se balaena. Laatɛɛ tɔmpiye ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩnɩɣzɩna Krɛɛkɩ tɔmpiye phalaina pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se mbʋ puhuu yɔ. Krɛɛkɩ nɛ Rooma n̄ɩma pɔ-cɔzɔnaa tɔma se baalɛɛnɩ kɛ lɩm tɛɛ kɩpnɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna hʋzɩŋ yɔ.
Ŋgʋ lɩm tɛɛ kpakpasɩ lɛɛsɩ fɛyɩna hʋzɩŋ. Fransɩɩ n̄ɔtɔŋ se, pɩkɛ lɩm tɛɛ kpakpayaɣ n̄azɩ n̄azʋʋ ŋga pɔyɔɔdɩ kɔ-tɔm Ɛsɔtɔm takayaɣ taa se kiliba Yoonaasɩ nɛ ɛlɛ caɣ ko-lotu taa kɩyakɩŋ naatozo yɔ. Paya n̄azɩ n̄azʋʋ ŋgʋ se kpakpayaɣ, ɛlɛ, toovenum lɛ, paakpakɩɣ-kʋ se kɩkɛ kpakpayaɣ siŋŋ.


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Mɛlɛ
Mɛlɛ kɛna n̄ɩɣʋ ŋgʋ ɛyʋ maamaa lɩza nɛ kɩwɛ lɩm yɔɔ nɛ kɩwɛna ɖoŋ size kɩcaɣ lɩm yɔɔ yɔ. Mɛlɛ kʋnɛ, kɩwɛ lɩm yɔɔ yem nɛ kɩɩpɩzʋʋ kɩɖɛ lɩm tɛɛ yem nɛ pɩtɛkɛ kɛgbɛdɛsaɣ nakɛyɛ laba kʋ.
Mɛlɛ, lɩm yɔɔ n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnɛ, mba pazaɣ-kʋ yɔ, pɛwɛna ɖoŋ siŋŋ. Kʋɖɔŋ lɩm hɔɔlɩŋ kpeekpe. Wondu ndʋ payɩ pʋwɛ size pɛɖɛzɩna lɩm yɔɔ yɔ, mɛlɛ kʋnɛ kɩpɩzʋʋna nɛ kɩla tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ.
Ɖɩtaasɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ size lɩm yɔɔ mɛlɛ kʋnɛ, palakɩ kʋnɛ tʋma sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Mɛlɛ kʋnɛ, palakɩ-kʋ nɛ you, ŋgʋ ɖɔɖɔ palakɩna kpakpasɩ lakʋ. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size pagbaɣ yaa pɔlɔʋʋ kʋnɛ lɩm taa kpɩna nandʋ n̄ɩna kpeekpe pɩkɩlɩna kpakpasɩ.
Sakɩyɛ kpakʋʋ mɛlɛ ŋgʋ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ nɛ pakpakʋ ɛyaa nɛ pɛɖɛzɩʋ nɛ kideŋ. Mɛlɛ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa sakɩyɛ sʋʋ nɛ powoki ajɛɛ sakɩyɛ lɛɣna taa. Mɛlɛ ŋgʋ, sakɩyɛ sʋʋ kɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ nɛ palakɩ aleeya yaa tanaŋ ndɩ ndɩ.
Pakpakʋʋ ɖɔɖɔ mɛlɛ ŋgʋ nɛ paɖaŋgʋna mɛlɛ waa sakɩyɛ lalaɣ yɔɔ. Mɛlɛ waa ɖʋʋ nesi siŋŋ kɛ ɛyʋ kɛ e-wezuu kpeekpe caɣʋ taa. Kɩzɩna ɛyʋ pɩtatɩɩ fɛyɩna kɛ tadɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Pɩnaɣ 2007 n̄ɩŋga taa mbɩ yɔɔ lɛ, mɛlɛ waa ɛzɩ kudokiŋ niidozo nɛ kagbanzɩ (35 000) kaakɛ tadɩyɛ tɛ mɛlɛ waa. Pɛkɛya ɛzɩ ɛyaa 7,4 tɔnɩɩ mbɩ yɔɔ.


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Sona lɛŋ ñɩna
Sona lɛŋ ñɩna kɛna tɩŋ tɔɔnaɣ ŋga pahayʊ-kɛ pɩ-tɛɛ pee yɔɔ yɔ. Sona lɛŋ ñɩna ana awɛ lɔɔɔ lɔɔɔ nɛ payaʊ-yɛ mbʊ yɔ pɩlɩna ɛzɩ ma pɔtɔkɩ-yɛ lɛŋ yɔ. Sona naayɛ wɛɛ lɛ, a-taa pee pʊʊ nɛ awɩlɩ pɔcɔ nɛ pɔsɔbɩ-yɛ nɛ patɩzɩ pʊcɔ pɔtɔɔ. Sona lɛŋ ñɩna anɛ awɛ huuha naalɛ kpayɩ taa: naayɛ taa wɛ hokasi nɛ lɛɛna taa nabʊyʊ fɛyɩ.
Tɔɔnasɩ nzɩ papɩzʊ pesidi sona lɛŋ ñɩna anɛ a-taa nɛ pɩwɛɛ camɩyɛ yɔ sɩɖɔɔ nɛ sɩ-taa kɔyɔ: tɩmaatɩ, kaaɖɔɔtɩ, yala, kaabʊ nɛ pesidina num mbʊ ɛyʊ sɔɔlaa yɔ. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se tɔɔnasɩ nzɩ papɩzɩɣ pɛsidi a-taa yɔ nɛ pɩwɛɛ camɩyɛ yɔ sɩɖɔɔ. Papɩzʊ pasɩɩ sona lɛŋ ñɩna nɛ pileɖi aawɛɛkʊʊ ɛlɛ pʊtɔpɔzɩ se pasɩɩ-yɛ yem kɔyɔ apɩzʊʊ aɖazɩ yaa awɩlɩ. Ɛyʊ ɛsɔɔla-yɛ sɩʊ camɩyɛ kɔyɔ, pɩwɛɛ se ɛsɩɩ-yɛ nikaɣ ŋgbaʊ taa yaa ɛɖʊ kañɩŋga ɖoli lɛ ɛyʊyɩ lim nɛ ehuuzi kabaɣ ŋga payaɣ-kɛ kpotoku yɔ yaa mbʊ pɩkpɩnda camɩyɛ ɛlɛ pʊmʊʊ nikaɣ camɩyɛ yɔ.
Papɩzʊʊ pɛpɛdɩ sona anɛ nɛ lɛŋ yaa pasɩɩ nɩkaɣ ŋgbaʊ taa pɔcɔ yaa ɖɔɖɔ patɩzɩ pʊcɔ pɛpɛdɩ. Sona lɛŋ ñɩna wɛna tomnasi ndɩ ndɩ: nakʊyʊ kɛ sʊtʊ lɩm tɩyɛ, lɛɛŋ sɛɛ caʊʊ ɛzɩ calɩm yɔ yaa kɩsɛɛmɩm muzulee nabʊyʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ naayɛ caaɣ wɛʊ ɛzɩ tɩŋ hatʊ yɔ.
Keteŋa kpeekpe taa pɩnaɣ 2006 ajɛya wena akɩla hayʊʊ sona lɛŋ ñɩna anɛ yɔ a-taa kɔyɔ Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ pɩtɩŋ Ɛndonezii ɛjaɖɛ nɛ naatozo ñɩnɖɛ yɔ Turkii.


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Buudiyism
"Buudiyism" kɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ. Siddhartha Gautama wɩlaɣ tɔm ndʋ yɔ, tɩ-yɔɔ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩn̄ɔɔ.
Pɩnaɣ 2005 taa lɛ, ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa 250 nɛ powolo 500 kɛwɛna "Buudiyism" ŋgbɛyɛ taa kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ. Kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ Krɩstʋ n̄ɩma kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ. Paba wayɩ lɛ, Ɛsɔsɛyaa tɩŋ. Ɛsɔsɛyaa wayɩ lɛ, Ɛɛnduu taa n̄ɩma n̄atɩŋna nɛ paba wayɩ kɛ Buudiyism taa n̄ɩma tɩŋaa. Kedeŋa maɣmaɣ wɛna ɖoŋ weyi yɔ, ɛ-yɔɔ Buudiyism ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɛyaa tisuu. Ɛyʋ n̄ʋʋdaa tɩlɩtʋ nɛ ɛzɩma mbʋ ɛmaɣzɩɣ nɛ ɛcakɩ e-wezuu yɔ nɛ ɛzɩma mbʋ ɛmaɣzɩɣ se palaba kedeŋa nɛ kɛwɛ wɛɖʋʋ ŋgʋ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ patɩŋnaa nɛ palɩzɩ Buudiyism ŋgbɛyɛ.
Toovenim ɛyaa sɩma mbʋ se Buudiyism ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɛyaa iitisiɣ ɛsɔ nɔɔyʋ yɔɔ. Paa mbʋ yɔ, Ɛɛndoonesii ɛjaɖɛ taa peliziɣ ɛsɔ nɔɔyʋ kelizaɣ. Ɛnʋʋ payaɣ se "Buuda". (Siddhartha Gautama). "Theravada" nɛ kɔzɩkɔzɩ "Mahayana" pɔ-sɔnzɩ taa lɛ, Buuda pakpaɣ se ɛkɔ ɛsɔ mpilim. Pɔ-yɔɔ pɩcaɣ pɩwɩlɩ se Buudiyism ŋgbɛyɛ taa n̄ɩma sɩma se ɛsɔ nɔɔyʋ wɛɛ, ɛnʋʋ payaɣ se Buuda.


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Charles Quint
Charles Habsbourg ɛsɛ hɩɖɛ se Charles Quint, palʊla-ɩ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 24 pɩnaɣ 1500 Gand tɛtʊ taa Pɛlɩzɩkɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛsɩ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 21 pɩnaɣ 1558 Yuste (Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa) kɛ mʊwanɩ waa, ɛkɛ wiyaʊ pɩɣa Habsbourg ɖɩɣa taa. Ɛ-caa payaɣ se Philippe le Beau, e-ɖoo kɔyɔ Jeanne la Folle.
Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛkɛ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzasɩ naanza tʊ. Charles Téméraire tʊ sɛyɩ kɛlɛ, Otirisi Maximilien pɩɣa cikpeɣlaɣ, Isabelle katoliki tʊ, Castille tɛ abiɖe nɛ Ferdinand Aragon wiyaʊ nɛ Naples wiyaʊ ɛkɩlɩ wiyaʊ pɩɣa yuŋ Bourgogne tɛtʊ taa Charles 2 tʊ hɩɖɛ taa, ɛlɛ kɛnɛ Ɛsɩpaañɩ wiyaʊ pɩtɩŋna Charles kajalaɣ tʊ yɔɔ. Quint tɔbʊʊ se kɩgbaanzɩ tʊ.
Pɩtɩŋna ɛ-tɛ lʊbɩyɛ kaɖɛ nɖɛ nɛ ɖoŋ nɛ ɛ-tɛ tɔlʊʊ Fransɩɩ ɛsɩnda nɛ Luther ɛyaa ɛsɩnda yɔɔ lɛ, elesi wobu yɔɔ wobu yɔɔ kɛ e-kewiyutu ɖoŋ. Pɩtɩŋna nɩnaʊ lɩmaɣza naayɛ yɔɔ ɛ-nɛ ɛ-ɖalʊ Ferdinand lɛ, eyebina-ɩ Otrisi ñɩm nɔnɔsɩ tɩŋga. Aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 25 pɩnaɣ 1555, kɛ Prukisɛɛlɩ tɛtʊ taa ekiziɣ ɛ-paɣtʊ Peyibaa ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ, kɩkpɛndɩ nɛ pasɩm-kʊ kewiyaɣ paɣtʊ takayasɩ taa se kɩtatasɩ kɩwɛ Ampiiri Kiɖeɖeu taa pɩtɩŋna ɛ-pɩyalʊ Philippe yɔɔ. Eyebina-ɩ e-ɖoŋ tɩŋga Ɛsɩpañɩ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1556 alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ pɩatsɩ pazɩ lɛ, ɛñɔtɩna ɛ-sɩm kpam lɛ, ɛlɩzɩ e-nesi Bourgogne tɛtʊ yɔɔ.
Palʊlɩ-ɩ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, nabʊyʊ taawɩlɩɣ se wiyaʊ pɩɣa ŋga kɩlɩɣ ɖoŋ kpaɣɖʊ 16 taa. Ɛ-caa Philippe kaakɛ evebupɩɣa yem nɛ ɛnʊ tɔkaɣna ɛ-caa ñɩm pʊtɔbʊʊ se peyebina-ɩ, ɛ-caa ɛnʊ yɔ Maximilien. E-ɖoo Jeanne la Folle wiyaʊ pɩɣa yem Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, ɛwɛna kou nɔyʊ Miguel Paz tʊ.
Pɩlaba pɩnzɩ cabɩ pɩtɩŋga pɩlakɩ camɩyɛ yem. Katoliki Isabelle sɩ pɩnaɣ 1504, eyebina Jeanne abitu kɛ Castille tɛtʊ taa. Pɩnzɩ naalɛ wayi lɛ, Philippe ɖɛɛ ewolo Ɛsɩpañɔlɩ nɛ ɛ-halʊ yebina-ɩ ɛ-ñɩm, ɛnʊ ɖɔɖɔ sɩ. Charles pɩsɩ Bourgogne ñɩm tʊ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se wiyaʊ sɔsɔ Peeyiba nɛ Franche Comté. Ɛsɩma piŋ nɛ ɛtɩlɩ midinaʊ nɛ ɛjɔzɔ Ferdinand 2 Aragon wiyaʊ se ɛlɛɣzɩ ɛ-sɩm wayi. Ɛlɛ ñɔtɩna ɛ-sɩm ɛlɛɣʊ kewiyaɣ ɖoŋ ɛ-pɛlɛ cɔlɔ se ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛɖɔkɩ kpelaɣ nɛ ɛcɛlɛ Bourgogne evebu ɛnɛyɔ.


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Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud (Caama yɔɔdɩtʊ taa pɩlʊʊ se ziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt, anasaayɩ ñɩŋʊ taa lɛ fʁøːd] yaa [fʁœjd), palʊla-ɩ Sigismund Schlomo Freud cejewiye taa agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 6 pɩnaɣ 1856 Freiberg (Otirisi ɛjaɖɛ taa) nɔɔnɔɔ tɛ Cɛkɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɛsɩ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 pɩnaɣ 1939 Londre tɛtʊ taa, ɛɛkɛ hola maɣzɩm tʊmɩyɛ tʊ Otirisi ɛjaɖɖe taa, ɛnʊ tɩna maɣzɩm ta wiluu tʊmɩyɛ kiɖe.
Ɛɛkɛ ɖɔkɔtɔ Vienne tɛtʊ taa mbʊ lɛ, Freud nɛ ɛyaa sɔsa sakɩyɛ pakatɩ ɖama se pɛkpɛlɛkɩ nɛ maɣzɩm taa wiluu tʊmɩyɛ ɖɛɛna ɛsɩnda, kɛlɛ ɛnʊ kɛna nɔmɔŋ kpeekpe wɩlɩyʊ. Ɛgbaɣtɩyɛ nɛ Wilhelm Fliess, ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ labʊ nɛ Josef Breuer, Jean-Martin Charcot tʊmɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-laɣsɩ pɩlɩna ɛyʊ ɖom lubitu yɔɔ kɛ Salpêtre sukuli taa yɔ sɩna-ɩ sakɩyɛ taa se ɛkpaɣ lɩmaɣza piŋ ɛyʊ maɣzɩm tɔm yɔɔ.
Freud kpeɣli ɛ-cɔlɔ kpɛyɛ ɛyaa mba palakɩ maɣzɩm taa kʊdɔmɩŋ kɔɔ yɔ, ɛ nɛ-wɛ pazɩ pazɩ lɛpalakɩ maɣzɩm taa wiluu tʊmɩyɛ, papazɩna Otirisi, pɛɖɛɛ Suwisi, ŋtalɩ Berlin, pʊwayi Fransɩɩ, Londre nɛ Etaazuunii. Pʊwayi pa-taa peɖeke yotu nɛ ɖdama kɩɩnɩnaʊ sʊʊ pɛ-hɛkɩŋ taa kɛlɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩpaɣlɩ piŋ kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1920 paɣzɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1938 lɛ, Caama politiki laɣsɩ tɔm ñɩŋɩɣna Freud kɛlɛ ese Vienne nɛ ɛkɔɔ ɛcaɣ Londre, peeɖe ɛsɩba nɛ tamaɣ pɩjɛɖɛ kʊdɔŋ pɩnaɣ 1939.
Palʊla Freud agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 6 pɩnaɣ 1856. E-liɖe kɛtɩtʊ tɔm kɔyɔ se pɛ-tɛ nɛ Galicie, nɛ paasɩŋ pɔ-yɔɔ tɔm sakɩyɛ. Freud kɛ pɩɣa naadozo ŋga Jacob Freud cɔlɔ, ɛlɛ ñaakɛ tɔnaa pɛdɩyʊ, e-ɖoo kɔyɔ Amalia Nathanson (1836 ŋtalɩ 1931), pa-kajaalaɣ pɩɣa kɛlɛ ɛzɩ pacaɣʊʊ ɖama cɔlɔ yɔ yaa pɔɖɔkʊʊ nesi yɔ. Ɛwɛɛna kɔɔnaa kagbanzɩ (Anna, Rosa, Mitzi, Dolfi et Paula) nɛ ɖalaa naalɛ Julius ɛlɛ sɩ ɛɛwɛna pɩnaɣ kʊyʊmaɣ, nɛ Alexander.