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1Yesu gyɩ aa sii lɩɩ Wɩɩkyʋwaldɩɩbal hʋ tɩyaŋ a kɩ mʋ, ɛɛ rɛ ʋ hatɩnna hʋ ko ʋ lee a basɩ tɩya ʋ a baa, "Tɩɩna, deŋ na Wɩɩkyʋwaldɩɩbal no bee dɩɩsɩ no buloŋ aa sɩŋ doŋ aa weliye gɛɛ." 2Ɛɛ rɛ Yesu baa, "Ma tɩɩ naa gɛɛ ba aa weliye rɛ, amɛ wɩtɩɩ rɛ ŋ basɩ kɩ tɩya ma, ba sɩ maakyiye ŋmaa dɩɩsɩ no buloŋ lo. Bʋdɩgɩ mɛ gba bɩl bɩ sɩ ka a dɔbɔ ʋ dɔŋtɩɩna tɩyaŋ." 3Ɛɛ rɛ Yesu gyɩ mʋ hɔŋ Olivi dogimo hʋ nyuu tɩyaŋ, doŋ nɛ ʋ hatɩnna hʋ dʋŋ sii ko ʋ lee a pɩyɛsɩ ʋ a baa, "Saŋa bee tɩyaŋ nɛ wɩya no sɩ yaa? Bekiŋ wɩmagɩl lɛ á sɩ na a gyɩŋ saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ ɩ aa sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko, abee saŋa hʋ dʋnɩya aa sɩ teŋ?" 4Doŋ nɛ Yesu basɩ tɩya ba a baa, "Ma gyɩŋ tɩya ma tɩɩ weliŋ dɩ nal buloŋ ta ko mʋrɩ ma. 5Beewɩya, nala yʋga aa sɩ ko kpa ŋ feŋ anɩɩ ba aa rɛ yaa Krisita hʋ, a mʋrɩ nɩgyamaa. 6Ma sɩ nɩɩ yuwo dɔmɔ lee buloŋ tɩyaŋ. Dɩ mamaa rɛ ko nɩɩ gɛɛ, ma ta leŋ dɩ ma bembiye kɩ sii. Beewɩya wɩya no buloŋ sɩ yaa, amɛ ɛɛ bɩ daga anɩɩ dʋnɩya tenii pele rɛ. 7Yuwo sɩ we dʋnɩya logiŋ buloŋ tɩyaŋ. Losi mɛ sɩ gyʋʋ, ka dɩ taŋha mɛ gyigili lɩgyamaa tɩyaŋ. 8Wɩya no buloŋ kɩɩ gɛɛ rɛ anɩɩ haluwokannɩ luwol aa piile kɩ wɩɩ. 9Ɛɛ tɩyaŋ ba sɩ kasɩ ma a kpa ma we nala nosi tɩyaŋ dɩ ba dɔgɩsɩ ma aŋ kpʋ ma. Dʋnɩya nala buloŋ sɩ kuu ŋ wɩya a haasɩ ma. 10Haŋ saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ nɩgyamaa sɩ kpa ba Wɩɩsɩ laadii ta. Ba sɩ kaŋ gyamba bee dɔmɔŋ a haasɩ dɔmɔŋ. 11Nala hʋ aa nyɩya wɩya a baa ba yaa Wɩɩsɩ tɩŋdaala rɛ, ba sɩ yʋga a ko a mʋrɩ nɩgyamaa. 12Wɩbɔmɔ yayɩ sɩ pʋrɩgɩ, dɩ ɛɛ leŋ nala kyori mɛ teŋ abee dɔmɔŋ. 13Amɛ nal hʋ buloŋ aa sɩ wuwo di kenyiri a kaŋ mala a mʋ teŋ, Wɩɩsɩ sɩ laa ʋ ta. 14Ba sɩ laa sɩya basɩ Wɩɩsɩbee koro hʋ wɩweliye lee buloŋ tɩyaŋ dɩ dʋnɩya nal buloŋ nɩɩ, ɛɛ hal tɩyaŋ nɛ dʋnɩya tenii sɩ pele. 15Dɩ mamaa rɛ ko na kɩbɔŋlɔrɩ hʋ aa yaa sɩna hʋ wɩya Wɩɩsɩ gyɩ aa tɩŋ ʋ tɩŋdaal Danɩyɛl tɩyaŋ a basɩ, dɩ ʋ sɩŋ Wɩɩkyʋwaldɩɩbal hʋ tɩyaŋ, ʋ maga dɩ ma nala hʋ aa karɩmɩ wɩya no lʋga rɛ aŋ gyɩŋ ba memii. 16Dɩ mamaa rɛ ko na gɛɛ, ʋ maga dɩ nala hʋ aa we Gyudɩya paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ fá gyɩŋ dogiŋsi nyuni rɛ a faŋa. 17Dɩ nal lɛ we salnyuu tɩyaŋ, ʋ ta bɩl baa ʋ tuu gyʋʋ dɩya a paa ʋ kɩna. 18Dɩ nal buloŋ nɛ we ʋ baga tɩyaŋ, ʋ ta bɩl baa ʋ mɩɩgɩ mʋ dɩya a paa ʋ gannɩ. 19Haŋ saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ, haluwokanna bee biifɩllɩ nɩmma sɩ na tʋwara kɩŋkaŋ. 20Ma kɩ sʋla Wɩɩsɩ dɩ kyɛ hʋ ma aa si fá ta ko yaa puwo saŋa koo Kyɛwiyesii hʋ kyɛɛ. 21Beewɩya Wɩɩsɩ aa mara dʋnɩya a kaŋ kɩ ko gyɩnaŋ, nal buloŋ ha bɩ naa tʋwara no iriŋ, nal mɛ bɩl bɩ sɩ na tʋwara no iriŋ a kaŋ kɩ mʋ maakyiye buloŋ. 22Dɩ Wɩɩsɩ rɛ fa bɩ kere kyɛyɛ hʋ wɩya no aa sɩ yaa ta, nɩdɩgɩ mɛ fa bɩ sɩ ka beewɩya tʋwara hʋ aa sɩ ko sɩ lɔrɩ rɛ kɩŋkaŋ. Amɛ akuu nala hʋ ʋ aa lɩya wɩya, ʋ sɩ kere kyɛyɛ hʋ ta. 23Saŋa no tɩyaŋ dɩ nal buloŋ nɛ ko basɩ tɩya ɩ a baa, 'Na Krisita hʋ we daha, koo ʋ we lee kɩdɩgɩ, ta laa ʋ tɩɩna di.' 24Beewɩya nala badɔmɔŋ sɩ sii nyɩya wɩya dɩ ba aa rɛ yaa Krisita hʋ, laataal hʋ Wɩɩsɩ aa lɩya. Dɩ badɔmɔŋ mɛ sɩ sii fugo baa dɩ ba yaa Wɩɩsɩ tɩŋdaala rɛ. Ba sɩ yaa wɩmagɩla abee wɩkperiye buloŋ a kɩ kyɛ dɩ ba mʋrɩ nala hʋ Wɩɩsɩ aa lɩya mɛ gba. 25Ma gyegil daha! Ŋ basɩ wɩya no buloŋ kɩ tɩya ma rɛ, ka dɩ saŋa hʋ na pele. 26Ɛɛwɩya, dɩ nal buloŋ nɛ ko basɩ tɩya ma anɩɩ laataal hʋ Wɩɩsɩ aa lɩya rɛ we pogo tɩyaŋ, ma ta mʋʋ doŋ, koo dɩ ba aa rɛ basɩ tɩya ma anɩɩ ʋ rɛ faŋa daha, ma ta laa di, 27beewɩya saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ mɩyaŋ Nihuwobiŋ Biye aa sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko, ʋ sɩ kɩɩ gɛɛ rɛ anɩɩ duwoŋ aa lɩgɩsa, a kyaanɩ wɩɩsɩnyuu buloŋ. 28Lee hʋ buloŋ kɩpʋwa aa pɩna, doŋ nɛ duuno aa kɩ laŋŋɩ." 29Ɛɛ rɛ Yesu bɩl basɩ tɩya ba a baa, "Tʋwara no tenii hal tɩyaŋ, ʋ bɩl bɩ sɩ pɩɩsɩ ka dɩ wɩɩsɩ bɩl bɩ sɩ kɩ pɔsɔ, pene mɛ bɩl bɩ sɩ kɩ pɔsɔ. Kyɩŋwʋlɩya sɩ lɩɩ wɩɩsɩnyuu a ko tuu kɩ tele. Wɩɩsɩnyuu kɩna buloŋ sɩ sii lɩɩ ba liweeliye tɩyaŋ. 30Ɛɛ tɩyaŋ nɛ ma sɩ na mɩyaŋ Nihuwobiŋ Biye magɩl wɩɩsɩnyuu tɩyaŋ. Dɩ dʋnɩya nala rɛ ko na magɩl no ba buloŋ sɩ wii. Ɛɛ tɩyaŋ nɛ ma yaŋ sɩ na mɩyaŋ Nihuwobiŋ Biye, dɩ ŋ ko kɩ tuu abee gaŋdarɩ abee dee. 31Ɛɛ tɩyaŋ ba sɩ mʋʋ kabɩl dɩ ʋ kyɩyamɩ laa lee buloŋ, ka dɩ Wɩɩsɩ tɩŋ ʋ malɩkasɩ dɩ ba mʋ lee kɛ buloŋ a kaŋ nala hʋ buloŋ ʋ aa lɩya dɩ ba kɩ tɩŋa ʋ ko laŋŋɩ. 32Dɩ ma ko na tɩɩsɩ aa tɔsɩ, ma aa gyɩma anɩɩ yʋʋ kpaga rɛ. Ʋ maga dɩ ma gʋnnɩ wɩgyʋŋ nɛ a lɩɩ wɩɩ no tɩyaŋ. 33Ɛɛ tɩɩ rɛ dɩ mamaa rɛ ko na wɩya no buloŋ aa yaa, ma gyɩma anɩɩ mɩyaŋ nihuwobiŋ Biye koyi mɛ kɔnɩ kpaga rɛ. 34Wɩtɩɩ rɛ ŋ basɩ kɩ tɩya ma, ma gyɩnaŋ nala aa we ma mɩɩbol tɩyaŋ, ma buloŋ bɩ sɩ sʋba ka dɩ wɩya no yaa baŋ. 35Wɩɩsɩnyuu abee taŋha buloŋ sɩ teŋ, amɛ wɩya hʋ ŋ aa basa kɛ sɩ we doŋ a kaŋ kɩ mʋ maakyiye buloŋ. 36Nal buloŋ bɩ gyɩŋ kyɛɛ hʋ wɩya no aa sɩ yaa. Malɩkasɩ aa we wɩɩsɩbee tɩyaŋ mɛ gba paalɩ bɩ gyɩma, see ŋ Kuwo Wɩɩsɩ dʋŋ. 37Saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ mɩyaŋ Nihuwobiŋ Biye aa sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko, ʋ sɩ kɩɩ gɛɛ anɩɩ wɩya hʋ gyɩ aa yaa saŋa hʋ Nowa gyɩ aa we ʋ mɩɩbol tɩyaŋ. 38Ka dɩ duwoŋ hʋ gyɩ na nɩɩ a su dʋnɩya buloŋ, nala gyɩ aa di kɩdiiliye rɛ, a kɩ nyʋwa sɩŋ. Baala kɩ paa haana, haana mɛ kɩ yala balama, a mʋ pele kyɛɛ hʋ Nowa gyɩ aa gyʋʋ nɩɩduworiboro hʋ. 39Ba gyɩ bɩ gyɩŋ wɩɩ hʋ buloŋ aa yaa see saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ nɩɩ hʋ aa ko paa ba buloŋ mʋ. Ɛɛ tɩɩ rɛ sɩ yaa saŋa hʋ mɩyaŋ Nihuwobiŋ Biye aa sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko. 40Saŋa no tɩyaŋ baala balɩya sɩ kɩ pala baga tɩyaŋ dɩ Wɩɩsɩ ko kpa kɩdɩgɩ aŋ leŋ kɩdɩgɩ ta. 41Haana balɩya mɛ sɩ kɩ nɔŋ muŋ nɔŋ tɩyaŋ dɩ Wɩɩsɩ ko kpa kɩdɩgɩ aŋ leŋ kɩdɩgɩ ta. 42Ɛɛwɩya ma yaŋ gyɩŋ tɩya ma tɩɩ weliŋ, beewɩya ma bɩ gyɩŋ kyɛɛ hʋ ma Tɩɩna aa sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko. 43Ma tɩɩ gyɩma rɛ weliŋ anɩɩ dɩ nal lɛ gyɩŋ saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ gaal aa sɩ ko bori ʋ dɩya gyʋʋ a gaa ʋ kɩna, ʋ sɩ bara doo, a hɔŋ pɔ dɩ gaal hʋ ta ko bori ʋ dɩya a gyʋʋ gaa ʋ kɩna hʋ. 44Ma mɛ yaŋ yaa siri pɔ, beewɩya mɩyaŋ Nihuwobiŋ Biye sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko saŋa hʋ tɩyaŋ ma aa bɩ yɩyɛla." 45Ɛɛ rɛ á Tɩɩna Yesu mɩɩgɩ basɩ tɩya ba a baa, "Ŋ aa kyɛ dɩ ma kɩɩ tʋŋtʋnnɩ hʋ aa gyɩŋ wɩya a kɩ tɩŋ ʋ nɩhɩyawʋ nyʋwa rɛ. Ʋ rɛ yaa tʋŋtʋnnɩ hʋ ʋ nɩhɩyawʋ hʋ aa sɩ lɩɩ dɩ ʋ kɩ deŋ ʋ dɩya, aŋ pɛ kɩ tɩya ʋ tʋŋtʋnnɩ-dɔŋtɩŋsɩ hʋ mɛ ba kɩdiiliye saŋa hʋ aa maga dɩ ʋ tɩya ba. 46Dɩ tʋŋtʋnnɩ no rɛ yaa wɩya hʋ ʋ nɩhɩyawʋ hʋ aa daga ʋ dɩ ʋ yaa, ʋ teŋ sɩ fɩyɛlɩ weliŋ kyɛɛ hʋ ʋ nɩhɩyawʋ hʋ aa sɩ mɩɩgɩ ko. 47Wɩtɩɩ rɛ ŋ basɩ kɩ tɩya ma, ʋ nɩhɩyawʋ hʋ sɩ kpa ʋ kɩna buloŋ we tʋŋtʋnnɩ no nosi tɩyaŋ dɩ ʋ kɩ deŋ. 48Amɛ dɩ ʋ rɛ yaa tʋŋtʋnnɩbɔŋ, ʋ aa basɩ tɩya ʋ tɩɩ rɛ a baa, 'Ŋ nɩhɩyawʋ hʋ bɩ sɩ ko lagɩlagɩ no. Ʋ sɩ pɩɩsɩ.' 49Ka dɩ ʋ yaŋ piili kɩ dɔgɩsɩ ʋ tʋŋtʋnnɩ-dɔŋtɩŋsɩ hʋ aŋ kɩ di kɩdiiliye hʋ yʋga yʋga, aŋ gɔllɩ tɩŋ sɩnyʋwala hal a nyʋwa sɩŋ bugo kɩ baŋ, 50wɩya no tɩyaŋ nɛ ʋ sɩ we kɩ yaa dɩ ʋ nɩhɩyawʋ hʋ mɩɩgɩ ko pirigi ʋ tɩyaŋ dɩ ʋ bɩ yɩyɛla. 51Ʋ sɩ dɔgɩsɩ ʋ weliŋ aŋ leŋ dɩ ʋ mɛ na tʋwara hʋ nala aa fugo baa ba aa tɩŋ Wɩɩsɩ aa naa. Haŋ tʋwara hʋ tɩyaŋ nɛ ba sɩ we a kɩ wii aŋ kɩ kyaŋ ba nyɩŋa."
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1Amʋ Pooli wʋlʋ Wɛ na kuri dɩ DƖ tɩtɩ wʋbʋŋa sɩ a taa yɩ Zezi Krisi tɩntʋŋnʋ tɩn mʋ pʋpʋnɩ tɔnɔ kʋntʋ, yɩ dɩ́ ko-bu Sositɛnɩ dɩ tɔgɩ o wǝli-nɩ. 2Dɩ́ pʋpʋnɩ sɩ dɩ́ pa abam balʋ na yɩ Zezi kɔgɔ kʋm wʋ nɔɔna yɩ á zʋʋrɩ Korɛntɩ nɩ tɩn mʋ. Abam mʋ yɩ balʋ Wɛ na kuri sɩ á taá yɩ DƖ nɔɔna Zezi Krisi ŋwaanɩ tɩn. DƖ ma lɩ abam sɩ á taá yɩ DƖ nɔɔna, kʋ wǝli dɩ balʋ na wʋ je maama yɩ ba zuli Zezi Krisi tɩn. Wʋntʋ mʋ yɩ bantʋ dɩ dɩbam maama Yuutu. 3Dɩ́ Ko Wɛ dɩ dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi wʋ́ pa abam yazurǝ dɩ yu-yoŋo. 4Maŋa maama a yǝni a kɩ Wɛ le abam ŋwaanɩ, dɩ DƖ na pɛ abam yu-yoŋo Zezi Krisi ŋwaanɩ tɩn. 5Abam na ŋwɩ dɩ Zezi tɩn, Wɛ sɩɩnɩ DƖ pa abam yu-yoŋo woŋo maama wʋnɩ, sɩ á taá ye DƖ cɩga kam maama, sɩ á kwǝri á taá waɩ á ŋɔɔnɩ DƖ taanɩ dɩm. 6Bɛŋwaanɩ, dɩ́ dɛɛn na tɔɔlɩ Zezi Krisi kwǝrǝ kam dɩ abam tɩn, ka tiini ka ja kuri abam tee nɩ. 7Á nɛ Wɛ pɛɛra yalʋ maama á na lagɩ tɩn, yɩ á cǝgi dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi sɩ o joori o ba sɩ dɩ́ na-o. 8Wʋntʋ mʋ wʋ́ pa á taá zɩgɩ kǝŋkǝŋ sɩ kʋ vu yi tiim maŋa, sɩ á yɩ taá jɩgɩ wo-lɔŋɔ dɛ dɩm o na wʋ́ joori o ba tɩn nɩ. 9Wɛ yɩ cɩga tu, yɩ dɩntʋ mʋ kuri abam sɩ á taá ŋwɩ dɩ DƖ Bu Zezi Krisi, o na yɩ dɩbam Yuutu tɩn. 10A ko-biǝ-ba, a loori abam dɩ́ Yuutu Zezi Krisi yɩrɩ ŋwaanɩ sɩ á taá jɩgɩ ni-mɔrɔ, sɩ á yɩ taá pɔɔrɩ daanɩ. Á nan kwaanɩ-na á kɩ á wʋbʋŋa daanɩ, sɩ á kɩ ni dɩdwɩ. 11A tagɩ kʋntʋ, Klowe-ba sɔŋɔ tiinǝ na tagɩ dɩ amʋ ba wɩ á magɩ kantɔgɔ mʋ daanɩ tɩn ŋwaanɩ. 12Abam badaara wɩ, á tɔgɩ Pooli mʋ. Abam badonnǝ maa wɩ, á tɔgɩ Apolɔsɩ mʋ. Badonnǝ maa wɩ, ba tɔgɩ Pɩyɛɛrɩ mʋ. Babam dɩ maa wɩ, ba tɔgɩ Zezi Krisi mʋ. 13Abam bʋŋɩ nɩ Zezi Krisi pɔɔrɩ yɩra yɩra mʋ na? Amʋ Pooli mʋ tɩgɩ tʋʋn-dagarakam baŋa nɩ abam ŋwaanɩ na? Ba miisi abam na wʋnɩ amʋ yɩrɩ ŋwaanɩ mʋ na? 14A kɩ Wɛ le, bɛŋwaanɩ amʋ wʋ miisi abam wʋlʋwʋlʋ na wʋnɩ, kʋ na daɩ Krisipu dɩ Gayusi yɩranɩ. 15Kʋntʋ tɩn, nɔɔn-nɔɔnʋ bá wanɩ o ta nɩ a miisi abam na wʋnɩ amʋ yɩrɩ ŋwaanɩ. 16Ah, a guli a ta na miisi Sɩtefanasɩ dɩ o sɔŋɔ tiinǝ dɩ, kʋ daarɩ kʋntʋ kwaga nɩ, wʋlʋ na wǝli da, a daa wʋ guli. 17Zezi Krisi tʋŋɩ-nɩ sɩ a taa tɔɔlɩ o kwǝr-ywǝŋǝ kam mʋ a brɩ nɔɔna, sɩ o wʋ tʋŋɩ-nɩ sɩ a taa miisi nɔɔna na wʋnɩ. A na tɔɔlɩ Wɛ kwǝrǝ kam te tɩn, kʋ daɩ dɩ lʋgʋ baŋa swan mʋ a maa tɔɔlɩ-ka. A ya na tɔɔlɩ-ka dɩ lʋgʋ baŋa swan mʋ, Zezi tʋʋnɩ dɩm dagara kam baŋa nɩ tɩn ya bá ta jɩgɩ kuri kʋ paɩ nabiinǝ. 18Bɛŋwaanɩ Zezi tʋʋnɩ dɩm dagara kam baŋa nɩ tɩn taanɩ dɩm yɩ jwǝrim mʋ balʋ yigǝ na tǝrǝ dɩ Wɛ tɩn tee nɩ. Kʋ nan na yɩ dɩbam balʋ Wɛ na vrɩ lwarɩm wʋnɩ tɩn, taanɩ dɩntʋ yɩ Wɛ tɩtɩ dam mʋ dɩ dɩbam. 19Kʋ nan maŋɩ kʋ pʋpʋnɩ Wɛ tɔnɔ kʋm wʋnɩ kʋ wɩ: «Amʋ Baŋa-Wɛ wʋ́ cɔgɩ swan tiinǝ wʋbʋŋa, yɩ a daarɩ a pa yi-pʋrɩ-nyɩna yi-pʋrʋ kʋm yáalɩ.» 20Swan tiinǝ swan yam daa jɩgɩ kuri na? Tɔn-yeenǝ dɩ nɔɔna balʋ na ye ŋwaŋa tɩn yi-pʋrʋ kʋm jɩgɩ kuri na? Wɛ nan brɩ dɩbam nɩ lʋgʋ baŋa swan yam maama yɩ jwǝrim mʋ. 21Wɛ swan yam ŋwaanɩ nabiinǝ bá wanɩ ba ma ba tɩtɩ swan ba lwarɩ-DƖ. Wɛ nan lɩ DƖ wʋbʋŋa sɩ DƖ tɔgɩ kwǝrǝ kalʋ dɩ́ na brɩ nɔɔna yɩ ba paɩ ka yɩ jwǝrim tɩn ŋwaanɩ mʋ, DƖ ma vrɩ balʋ na sɛ kwǝrǝ kam tɩn DƖ yagɩ. 22Zwifǝ bam lagɩ sɩ ba na wo-kɩnkagɩla yalʋ na brɩ Wɛ dam tɩn mʋ. Grɛkɩ tiinǝ maa lagɩ sɩ ba cǝgi taanɩ dɩlʋ na wʋ́ brɩ-ba swan tɩn. 23Kʋ nan na yɩ dɩbam, dɩ́ tɔɔlɩ Zezi Krisi wʋlʋ na tɩgɩ tʋʋn-dagarabaŋa nɩ tɩn kwǝrǝ mʋ. Kwǝrǝ kam kʋntʋ maa yɩ ta-balɔrɔ mʋ Zwifǝ bam tee nɩ, yɩ ka yɩ jwǝrim mʋ dɩ dwi-gɛ tiinǝ bam dɩ. 24Kʋ daarɩ dɩbam balʋ Wɛ na kuri tɩn, kʋ na yɩ Zwifǝ bam naa dwi-gɛ tiinǝ dɩ, taanɩ dɩm kʋntʋ mʋ pɛ dɩ́ lwarɩ nɩ Zezi Krisi yɩ Wɛ swan yam dɩ DƖ dam tu. 25Woŋo kʋlʋ nɔɔna na paɩ kʋ yɩ jwǝrim Wɛ tee nɩ tɩn garɩ nabiinǝ swan maama, yɩ kʋlʋ na bwǝmmǝ DƖ tee nɩ tɩn dana kʋ dwe nabiinǝ dam maama. 26A ko-biǝ-ba, á bʋŋɩ á dɛɛn na yɩ te yɩ Wɛ laan ba DƖ kuri abam tɩn. Kʋ daɩ á zanzan yi dɛɛn mʋ pʋʋrɩ nɩnɛɛnɩ nabiinǝ na lagɩ yi-pʋrʋ kʋlʋ tɩn. Kʋ daɩ á zanzan mʋ yɩ dɩdɛɛra, naa á zanzan mʋ nuŋi nadunǝ sam. 27Wɛ nan kuri balʋ nabiinǝ na paɩ ba yɩ jwǝǝru tɩn mʋ, sɩ DƖ ma pa cavɩɩra di swan tiinǝ. DƖ ma kuri balʋ nabiinǝ na paɩ ba yɩ nabwǝnǝ tɩn, sɩ DƖ ma pa cavɩɩra di dam tiinǝ. 28DƖ ma daarɩ DƖ kuri balʋ nabiinǝ na gooni yɩ ba ba nɩgɩ tɩn, sɩ DƖ ma pa wǝǝnu tɩlʋ nabiinǝ na paɩ tɩ jɩgɩ kuri tɩn ji kafɛ. 29Wɛ kuri nɔɔna bam kʋntʋ doŋ mʋ, sɩ nabiinǝ yɩ zaŋɩ ba wanɩ ba tee ba tɩtɩ DƖ yigǝ nɩ. 30Wɛ nan mʋ pɛ abam ŋwɩ dɩ Zezi Krisi. Kʋntʋ ŋwaanɩ mʋ swan yalʋ Zezi na joŋi Wɛ tee nɩ tɩn laan jigi dɩbam swan. Wʋntʋ mʋ paɩ dɩ́ jɩgɩ cɩga Wɛ tee nɩ. O maa paɩ dɩ́ yɩ Wɛ nɔɔna. O ma kwe o tɩtɩ ŋwɩa o ma vrɩ dɩbam lwarɩm wʋnɩ. 31Kʋntʋ tɩn, kʋlʋ na pʋpʋnɩ Wɛ tɔnɔ kʋm wʋnɩ tɩn yɩ cɩga mʋ, dɩ kʋ na wɩ: «Wʋlʋ na lagɩ sɩ o kɩ wʋpolo tɩn, sɩ o pa kʋ taa yɩ dɩ́ Yuutu wʋm ŋwaanɩ.»
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1Saa wei Apɔlɔɔsɩ wɛ Kɔlɛntɩ tɔ Pɔɔlɩ ná cɔɔna Asii tɛtʋ pulasɩ acalɛɛ taa, haləna ɩ́ kɔɔ ɩ́ lɩɩ Ɩfeesu ɩcatɛ. Tənaɣa ɩ maɣana Tacaa təŋlaa napəlɩ. 2Ɩlɛna ɩ́ pɔɔsɩ-wɛ sɩ: Waatʋ wei ɩ́ mʋ Tacaa tɔm tɔ, ɩ́ hika Ɩsɔ Feesuɣu Naŋŋtʋ na? Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ təŋlaa cɔ-ɩ sɩ: Tə ta nɩɩta ɩ tɔm kɛ nɩɩʋ maɣamaɣa. 3Tənaɣa Pɔɔlɩ tasa təŋlaa mpɛɣɛ pɔɔsʋɣʋ sɩ: Na Ɩsɔ lʋm mpiɣi pa sɔ-mɛ ɩlɛ? Ɩlɛna təŋlaa mpɛ pá cɔ-wɛ sɩ: Yohaanɩ nyəm kɛ́. 4Tənaɣa Pɔɔlɩ heela-wɛ sɩ mpa pa laɣasa tɔntɛ tɔɣɔ Yohaanɩ sɔɔkaɣa Ɩsɔ lʋm, na ɩ́ heeliɣi Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ yəlaa sɩ pá mʋ wei ɩ kɔŋ ɩnɩ ɩ waalɩ tɔ ɩ tɔm. Pʋntʋ ɩnəɣəlɛ Yesu. 5Pa nɩɩ mpʋ, ɩlɛna pá yele na pá yaana Tacaa Yesu hətɛ na pá sɔna-wɛɣɛ Ɩsɔ lʋm. 6Ɩlɛna Pɔɔlɩ tənɩ pa tɔɔ kɛ́ niŋ, na Feesuɣu Naŋŋtʋ tii pa tɔɔ. Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ pa sʋʋ tɔmnaa mpa nɔɣɔlʋ ɩɩ nɩɩkɩ tɔɣɔ yɔɣɔtʋɣʋ, na pá kpaaləɣɩ Ɩsɔ kʋheelitu. 7Yəlaa mpɛ ɩnɩ, ye pa kpɛnta-wɛ, pa nyɔɔŋ tala ɩsɩɩ naanʋwa na naalɛɣɛ mpʋ. 8Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ ɩsɔtʋnaa tooso taa Pɔɔlɩ wɛ təna na ɩ́ sɛɣɛsəɣɩ Yuta nyə́ma təkotile taa, ɩɩ nyaŋna pʋlʋ. Na ɩ lakaɣa Ɩsɔ Kawulaɣa tɔm waasʋ, na ɩ́ lʋkɩ teu sɩsɩ ɩ́ hʋ́lɩ́ ɩ nɩɩlaa kɛ tampana na pá tisi. 9Paa na mpʋ paɣalɛ lapa kaŋkana na pá kisi Tacaa tɔm mʋɣʋ, na pá footi ɩ mpaaʋ kɛ kotilaa samaa taa. Tənaɣa Pɔɔlɩ yela-wɛ, na ɩ́ yaa Tacaa təŋlaa na pá lɩɩna pa mpaa, na pá polo pá caɣa Tilanusi ceu taa, na paa kʋyaŋku ɩ́ sɛɣɛsəɣɩ-wɛɣɛ Ɩsɔ Tɔm kɛ təna. 10Pa lapa ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ pɩɩsɩ naalɛ, haləna Yuta nyə́ma na kpaɩ nyə́ma mpa paa wɛ Asii tɛtʋ taa tɔ pá nɩɩ Tacaa tɔm. 11Ɩsɔ lakaɣa piti təma nna a fɛɩna taka tɔ na Pɔɔlɩ niŋ. 12Haləna pá kpakəɣɩ Pɔɔlɩ tɔɔ wontunaa na ɩ nyʋɣʋ saalasɩ na pá tənəɣɩ kʋtɔntʋnaa tɔɔ, na pa kʋtɔməŋ tɛŋ, na alɔɣaa seeki pa waalɩ. 13Yuta nyə́ma napəlɩ pa cɔɔkaɣa na pá looki kʋtɔntʋnaa kɛ pa alɔɣaa. Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ pa maɣasaa sɩ pa kpakəɣɩ Yesu hətɛ na pá loona alɔɣaa. Tənaɣa pa tɔŋaɣa alɔɣaa sɩ: Alɔɣaa mɛ, tə heeliɣi-mɛɣɛ kʋlʋmaɣa sɩ Yesu wei ɩ waasʋ Pɔɔlɩ lakɩ tɔ ɩ toŋ tɔɔ ɩ́ se. 14(Mpa ɩnɩ pa lakaɣa mpʋ tɔ pa kɛ́ Yuta kɔtʋlʋ sɔsɔ wei pa yaa sɩ Sefa tɔ ɩ pəyalaa. Pa wɛ yʋlʋnyɔɔŋ naatosompɔɣɔlaɣa.) 15Tənaɣa ɩlɔɣɔʋ pɔɔsa-wɛ sɩ: Ma nyəmá Yesu, na má nyɩ Pɔɔlɩ tɔtɔ, na mɛ mə kɛ́ mpa? 16Ɩlɔɣɔhilu kʋla pa tɔɔ na ɩ́ kəlɩ pa təna, na ɩ́ hɔɔkɩ-wɛɣɛ teu na pá se yem yem kɛ́ təyaɣa taa na pá lɩɩ tapakpɛlɛɛ, na pə́ kʋ-wɛɣɛ kʋɣʋ kʋɣʋ. 17Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ Ɩfeesu nyə́ma təna, paa mpa pa kɛ́ Yuta nyə́ma tɔ, paa kpaɩ nyə́ma, pa nɩɩ tɔm tənɛ, ɩlɛna pə́ la-wɛɣɛ sɔɣɔntʋ kɛ sɔsɔm. Nɔɣɔlʋ ɩɩ tasəɣɩ Tacaa Yesu hətɛ kɛ leɣelinaʋ kɛ paa pəcɔ. 18Mpa mpa pa mʋ Tacaa tɔm tɔ pa taa paɣalɛ kɔŋaɣa samaa taa na pá kaaləɣɩ pa nɔɔsɩ na pá heeliɣi təfoo kɛ́ ɩsaɣatʋ nti nti paa lapa tɔ. 19Mpa pɛlɛ pa lakaɣa topotopo təma tɔ pa paɣalɛ kɔna pa takəlasɩ na pá sɔ-səɣɩ kɔkɔ kɛ yəlaa taa. Pa mapa takəlasɩ nsɩ sɩ liɣitee, ɩlɛna pə́ lɩɩ liɣitee nyəɣətʋ iyisi nɩɩlɛ na naanʋwa (50000). 20Ta Caa tɔm tɔŋna yɛkʋɣʋ na toŋ na pə́ hʋ́lə́ɣɩ́ ɩ akpala. 21Pəlɛ pə waalɩ Pɔɔlɩ luɣu lapa sɩ ɩ ká təŋna Masetoni na Akayi na ɩ́ polo Yosalɛm. Ɩ tɔŋaɣa sɩ: Ye ma tala təna, pə wɛɛ sɩ maa polo Lom kɛ́. 22Tənaɣa ɩ heela ɩ pəyalaa Timotee na Ɩlasətɩ sɩ pɛlɛ pá polo Masetoni, na ɩnɩ ɩ maɣamaɣa ɩ́ tasa caɣaʋ kɛ Asii tɛtʋ taa kɛ́ wɛɛ naalɛ. 23Saa ɩnəɣɩ Tacaa mpaaʋ təŋʋɣʋ yelaa na kɔkɔlɔ sɔsɔ nɔɣɔlʋ ɩ́ kʋlɩ Ɩfeesu ɩcatɛ taa. 24Ɩsəna pə caalaa tɔ, apalʋ koolu nɔɣɔlʋ ɩ ka wɛnna na pá yaakɩ-ɩ sɩ Temetiyusi. Ɩ lukaɣa nyəɣəlʋɣʋ kʋhʋlʋmʋɣʋ kutulusi ɩsɩɩ tʋɣʋ Aatema kutuluɣu taka. Na mpa pa lakaɣa ɩ cɔlɔɣɔ təmlɛ tɔ pa waakaɣa pə taa kɛ́ sɔsɔm. 25Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ koolu ɩnɩ ɩ kota-wɛ, na ɩ́ yaa ɩ koolaa lɛlaa təna, na ɩ́ tɔ-wɛ sɩ: Apalaa mɛ, pə taɣa pʋlʋ tɔɔ kɛ́ ma kota-mɛ, saŋa taa ɩ́ nawa sɩ təmlɛ tənɛɣɛ tá kʋləɣəna. 26Na mə maɣamaɣa ɩ́ nawa na ɩ́ nɩɩwa Pɔɔlɩ ɩnɩ ɩ kʋlapʋtʋ. Ɩ cɔɔkɩ na ɩ́ tɔŋ sɩ: Mpi yəlaa niŋ lakɩ na pá nyənəɣɩ sɩ pa weesiŋ tɔ, pə kɛ́ yem kɛ́. Na yəlaa paɣalɛ mʋna ɩ tɔm ntɩ. Pə taɣa Ɩfeesu taa cənɛ tike, pə wɛ ɩsɩɩ Asii tɛtʋ tənaɣa. 27Asalaʋ wei ɩ caa lapʋ kɛ ɩsəntɔ tɔ, pə taɣa ɩsɩɩ tá təmlɛ tike ká pəsəna yem. Ama pɩɩ kpɛŋna tʋɣʋ sɔsɔɔʋ alʋ nyəŋkʋ na Aatema kutuluɣu nyʋɣʋ na pə́ kʋ na kʋ teeli saalɩ yem. Pəyele tʋɣʋ alʋ nyəŋkʋ ŋkʋɣʋ pa nyənəɣɩ Asii tɛtʋ taa cənɛ. Halɩ pə kpɛŋna antulinya təna. 28Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ koolaa mpɛ pa nɩɩ tɔm tənɛ ɩnɩ, ɩlɛna pááná kpa-wɛɣɛ sɔsɔm, na pá sʋʋ kpaalʋɣʋ sɩ Ɩfeesu nyə́ma Aatema kɛlɛ sɔsɔ. 29Tənaɣa ɩcatɛ təna cʋkaa, na yəlaa kpa Masetoni nyə́ma naalɛ, Kayusi na Alisitaakɩ, mpa na Pɔɔlɩ pa yɛlaɣaa tɔ, na pá kpɛŋna-wɛ na pá huliɣi kpetile kpetile na pá puki kataɣa taa. 30Pɔɔlɩ lʋpa sɩ ɩ puki pa kiŋ. Ama Ɩsɔ sɛɛlaa ta tisina-ɩ. 31Tɛtʋ ntɩ tə toŋtʋnaa napəlɩ pa tilaa na pá heeli Pɔɔlɩ sɩ ɩ́ la suulu ɩ́ taa polo kataɣa taa. Mpɛ ɩnɩ paa kɛ́ ɩ taapalaa kʋpama napələɣɩ. 32Waatʋ ɩnəɣɩ mpʋ tɔ pə liɣita samaa tənaɣa na pá kiisiɣi yem, ɩnɛ sɩ ɩ́lɛ́ ɩ nyəntʋ ntɔ, ɩnɛ sɩ ɩ́lɛ́ ɩ nyəntʋ ntɔ. Haləna mpa pa ta tɩɩ nyəm mpi pə nyʋɣʋ tɔɔ pa kotaa tɔ pɛlɛ pa wiisina paɣalɛ. 33Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ samaa ɩnɩ ɩ taa napəlɩ pa lɩɩwa na pá kɛɛsɩ Alɛkəsantəlɩ kɛ ɩsəna pə wɛɛ tɔ, na Yuta nyə́ma tuliɣi-ɩ sɩ ɩ́ polo lɔlɔ. Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ ɩ nyəka-wɛɣɛ niŋ sɩ pá su. Ɩ caakaɣa tɔm yɔɣɔtʋɣʋ sɩ ɩ sɛɛna pa tɔɔ. 34Pa kɔma pá nɩɩ sɩ ɩ kɛ́ Yuta tʋ ɩlɛna pá sʋʋ kpaalʋɣʋ sɩ: Ɩfeesu nyə́ma Aatema kɛna sɔsɔ, Ɩfeesu nyə́ma Aatema kɛna sɔsɔ, na pə́ polo ɩsɩɩ kaləfunaa naalɛɣɛ mpʋ. 35Ɩcatɛ takəlasɩ ŋmaalʋ kɔma na ɩ́ la na pá su təkulum, ɩlɛna ɩ́ tɔ-wɛ sɩ: Ɩfeesu nyə́ma mɛ, antulinya ɩnɛ ɩ təna ɩ taa, awe tá nyəna sɩ Aatema kutuluɣu na ɩ lɛɛsʋɣʋ ŋku kʋ lɩɩna ɩsɔtaa tɔ, Ɩfeesu ɩcatɛ ntɛ́ pə kite? 36Nɔɣɔlʋ fɛɩ wei ɩ ka kpɛɛsɩ sɩ pə taɣa mpʋ tɔ. Pə tɔɔ kɛ́ ɩ́ ká kʋ mə pááná na ɩ́ caɣa təpamm na ɩ́ taa la mpi pə ta maɣa tɔ. 37Yəlaa mpa ɩ́ kpa ɩsəntɔ tɔ pa ta wakəlɩ tá tʋɣʋ kutuluɣu nakʋlɩ. Pəyele pa ta tʋʋ tá tʋɣʋ alʋ nyəŋkʋ. 38Ye Temetiyusi na ɩ pəyalaa pa caa pa lana nɔɣɔlʋɣʋ tɔm ntɔ, hʋʋlɛ kʋyɛɛŋ wɛɛ mɛɛ. Pə́cɔ́ pə kaasɩ tɔm hʋʋlaa wɛɛ tɔtɔ. Timpi pə wɛɛ sɩ pá pona-tɩ tɔɣɔlɛ. 39Na ye ɩ́ wɛna natəlɩ sɩ ɩ́ caa ɩ maɣasɩ, ɩcatɛ sɔsaa kotuŋ taa kɛ́ ɩ́ ká pona-tɩ. 40Pə təna mpi pə lapa ɩsəntɔ tɔ pa pəsəɣɩ pá kpa-tʋ sɩ tɛtʋ tɔkəlaa kɛ tə caa huɣu. Kotuɣu kʋnɛɣɛ saŋa, kʋ fɛɩna tampana, tá kaa pəsɩ na tə́ cɛkəna pə kɛɛsʋɣʋ kɛ teitei. 41Ɩ tɛma yɔɣɔtʋɣʋ kɛ mpʋ, ɩlɛna ɩ́ yasɩ-wɛ.
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1N yɛɛr, ɩn dɔ̃ɔ wa a yɩ sɛ̃, n ba waan nɛbɔ̃ɔn bɩɩ yɛ̃ 'yɛr naa wa man a Nãaŋmɩn dãasɩɛ kʋ yɩ ɛ. 2Bojũu a lɛ ɩn dɔ̃ɔ be a yɛ sɛ̃, n ba lɛ bɔ̃ɔ bon jaa pʋɔ a Yesu Kɩrɩsɩto ban kpa a daa ju ɛ. 3Balfʋ, dãbɩ̃ɛ nɩ mĩifʋ lɛ n dɔ̃ɔ ben a yɩ sɛ̃. 4A n 'yɛr nɩ a n mʋɔlfʋ ba ɩ yɛ̃ 'yɛrbie ɛ, tɩchɛ a ɩ naa a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ kpɛ̃ɔ wiilfʋ lɛ, 5ka a yɩ sɔɔfʋ taa dɩɛl a nɩrɛ yɛ̃ ɛ, tɩchɛ a dɩɛl a Nãaŋmɩn kpɛ̃ɔ. 6Faa nyɛ, sɩn ma 'yɛr a sɩ 'yɛr nɩ yɛ̃ kʋ a bala na nʋ̃ɔ a Nãaŋmɩn sɔr pɔ, a ba ɩ a wɛr nyã bɩɩ a kpɩ̃ɛn dẽme yɛ̃ na wa ɩ pɔrɔ daar kɔ̃ɔ ɛ. 7Kai, sɩn 'yɛrɛ naa a Nãaŋmɩn yɛ̃ sɔɔlaa, a yɛ̃ 'lɔ na dɔ̃ɔ sɔɔl a Nãaŋmɩn na kaa ir a sɩ daar kɔ̃ɔ tɩɩr jũu sɛrɛ na wʋ wa maal a wɛr. 8A wɛr nyã kpɩ̃ɛn dẽme ba dɔ̃ɔ bɔ̃ɔ a par ɛ, ala ɩ bala ta bɔ̃ɔ ba kʋ̃ naa kpa a tɩɩr Soro a daa ju ɛ. 9Tɩchɛ a lɛ an sɛb a Nãaŋmɩn gãn pɔ ɩka, "Nɩbir jaa ba nyɛ ɛ, toor jaa ba wõ ɛ, tɩɛr jaa mɩ ba bɔ̃ɔn a ala a Nãaŋmɩn na chɔɔr kʋ a bala na nʋ̃ wʋ ɛ." 10Tɩchɛ anyãna lɛ a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ wiil kʋ sɩ, Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ ma bɩɛr naa a yelsɩ a jaa, na wʋ gba ma bɔ̃ɔ a ala na be a Nãaŋmɩn pʋɔm. 11Nɩbuor lɛ bɔ̃ɔ lɛ na be a wʋ tɔ sʋɔ tɩɛr pɔ, ka a nɩrɛ 'lɔ mɩ̃ɛ ba lɛ ɛ? A lɛ mɩ lɛ nɩrɛ ba bɔ̃ɔ lɛ na be a Nãaŋmɩn tɩɛr pɔ ɛ, ka a Nãaŋmɩn mɩ̃ɛ Sɩɛ ba lɛ ɛ. 12A ba ɩ a wɛr nyã sɩɛ lɛ sɩ tara ɛ, tɩchɛ a Sɩɛ 'lɔ na yi a Nãaŋmɩn sɛ̃ a sɩ de bɔ̃ɔn a ala a Nãaŋmɩn na kʋ sɩ a pɔrɔ. 13A anyãna lɛ sɩ 'yɛrɛ, a ba ɩ nɩrɛ 'yɛrbie sɩn jãn ɛ, tɩchɛ 'yɛrbie ala sɩn jãn a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ sɛ̃ na sɩ wile nɩ a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ yelmɩ̃ɛ nɩ a Sɩɛ 'yɛrbie. 14Nɩrɛ 'lɔ jaa na ba tara a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ ɛ, maa sɔɔ a ala na yi a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ sɛ̃ ɛ, bojũu a ɩn dãbol yele kʋ wʋ a wʋ maa bɔ̃ɔ a par ɛ, bojũu nɩrɛ na tʋ̃ɔn bɔ̃ɔ ala ɩ wʋ tara naa Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ. 15A nɩrɛ 'lɔ na tara a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ ma vɩɛr naa a yele a jaa kaa, tɩchɛ nɩrɛ 'lɔ na ba tara a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ ɛ, wʋ kʋ̃ bɔ̃ɔ a nɩrɛ 'lɔ na tara a Nãaŋmɩn Sɩɛ tɩɛr ɛ. 16Bojũu a sɛb a Nãaŋmɩn gãn pɔ ɩka, "An lɛ bɔ̃ɔ a sɩ Soro tɩɛr, na wʋn kpãa wʋ?" Tɩchɛ sɩn lɛ tara a Yesu Kɩrɩsɩto tɩɛr.
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1Jésus tɔa fin ha hio wan-yambimɔ pɛa: «Ma wan-kpamɔ dungɔ se nɛ wan-pam mɔ pɛa. Nɛ ɛ tɛa tɛ tɔ ha wɛnɛ nde, wan-pam mɔ ha gdangsa toy pɛa. 2Mɛgi wan-kpamɔ saa wɛnɛ nɛ tɔa: ‹Mi zea nɛ ge hazu mɛ ge nde? Mɛ osi ha mi pata mɔ fɛt ka mɛ dea nɛ toy pɔm. Hazu mɛ lɛm dung wan-pam mɔ pɔm fin na.› 3Nɛ wan-pam mɔ tɔa ha sila wa: ‹Wan pɔm begbosisi mi ha tom, mi bede mɛng? Mi bo nɛ ngaya mɛ gɔm fɔ na, nɛ mi nɛ foy mɛ gɔ mɔ. 4Mi ingɔ mɔ ka mi bede tuka nde, hio wi apam mi ha twa pɛ mbwa, ka wan pɔm begbosisi mi ha tom.› 5Mɛgi, a saa wi ndang ndang fɛt ka mbee pɛ wan pɛa ha zu mbwa. A ana bosia: ‹Mbee pɛ wan pɔm ha zu mɛ ge?› 6Wɛnɛ kiforo wen: ‹Yo nɛ̂ ngbakpana nɔ gɔmmay ndang.› Nɛ wan-pam mɔ tɔa: ‹Takarata mbee pɛ mɛ gɔ. Mɛ dungnu nɛhasa, nɛ mɛ gɔn bhukɔa mɔrkɔ.› 7Nɛ a ana ma mbinga: ‹Mbee pɛ wan pɔm ha kɔ mɛ ge?› Wɛnɛ kiforo wen: ‹Yo nɛ̂ gasa gɛsɛ kpalmɔ gɔmmay ndang.› Nɛ wan pam mɔ tɔa: ‹Takarata mbee pɛ mɛ gɔ. Mɛ gɔn bhukɔa mɔrkɔ zu bhukɔa tar.› 8Nɛ wan pɛ gdanga wan-pam mɔ lukoso wɛnɛ hazu a dea mɔ nɛ zɔma. Tɛwen, hio wi mɔ nzan de mɔ ha soko may nɛ zɔma, pen hio wi mɔ saamɔ pɛ Sɔ. 9«Nɛ mi tɔ ha ɛnɛ nde, ɛnɛ aku kpaamɔ mɔ nzan de nɛ dedemɔ ha tɛ hio wi nde, ɛnɛ atɛ dede dan mbwa. Mɛgi, ha ngimɔ ka yo bekari, Sɔ beba ɛnɛ nɛ dede kɔ ha twa pɛa kpoo.» 10«Wi ka dung nɛ mboazu ha bebe mɔ, a bedung fin nɛ mboazu ha gasa mɔ. Nɛ wi ka de nzeng mɔ nɛ bebe mɔ na, lɛm de fin nzeng mɔ nɛ gasa mɔ na. 11Mɛgi, ka ɛnɛ dea mɔ nɛ yambala zu nɛ kpaamɔ mɔ nzan, Sɔ begde kpasa kpaamɔ ha kɔ ɛnɛ mɛng? 12Nɛ ka ɛnɛ pama kpaamɔ pɛ mbing wi nɛ yambala zu, Sɔ beha ɛnɛ kpaamɔ ka dung nɛ pɛ ɛnɛ nɛ tɛ ɛnɛ mɛng? 13Bala ndang lɛm dung nɛ wan bwa na. Hazu, a bengoy ma ndang nɛ sɛn mbinga, mana a beze nu ma ndang nɛ de kpandele sungiri nɛ mbinga. Ɛnɛ lɛm de tom ha kɔ Sɔ nɛ ha kɔ mbɔli na.» 14Hio Farizien zea wen ndɔng fɛt, nɛ mbwa mama Jésus hazu mbwa ngoya mbɔli gdang. 15Ma, Jésus tɔa ha mbwa: «Ɛnɛ ha osa tɛ ɛnɛ ha li wi tuka nzeng wi. Ma, Sɔ ingɔ sila ɛnɛ. Mɔ ka dung nɛ zioa ha li wi, dung nɛ̂ mɔ nyɛl ha li Sɔ.» 16«Sɔngsi hɔa pɛ Jean wan-gdumsiwi, yo nɛ̂ mbonga pɛ Moïse nɛ hio takarata pɛ wan-tɔkuliwen sɔna ka osa mɔ ka Sɔ ngoy. Ma, angiri nɛ Jean wan-gdumsiwi, ɛ ha bulo Dede Wen Kongakandɔ pɛ Sɔ. Mɛgi, hio wi fɛt kio wal mɛ le ang nɛ nga mbanzi. 17Ma, ngɔn nɛ nu bepen nɛhasa sɔngsi nde, ɛ abisi ma mbuli ngɛrakamɔ ndang ha mbonga pɛ Moïse. 18«Wi ka yangsi ko pɛa nɛ si ma mbinga, dea wanza. Nɛ wi ka si bhoko ka ɛ yangsa kari, dea wanza fin.» 19«Ma wei mɛgi badung nɛ̂ wan-kpamɔ. A yola nɛ dede zio la, nɛ a dea fada swe fɛt ha zang tandamɔ pɛa. 20Ma wei mɛgi fin, ling wa nde, Lazare, wɛnɛ nɛ̂ fabha wi, nɛ tɛ wa fɛt nɛ gbadalɛ. A dungɔ ha ɔanu swe fɛt ha nutwa pɛ wan-kpamɔ. 21Hazu wɛnɛ nɛ hɛl mɛ yɔng mbuli yɔngamɔ ka gɔy ha si tabolo pɛ wan-kpamɔ. Haki hio tolo dungɔ ha yala dalɛ pɛa. 22Ngimɔ hapata, fabha wi ɛngɛ fea, nɛ hio telenge kuo wɛnɛ nɛnɛ gde ha ngbolokɔ Abraham. Nɛ wan-kpamɔ fea fin, ɛ gunɔ wɛnɛ. 23A zilo ha bhandi pɛ hio fiowi, nɛ haki wɛnɛ yɔnga nzata nɛdɔka. Ka wɛnɛ guo li, a zɔka Abraham nɛyɛa nɛ Lazare ha ngbolokɔ wa. 24A gdɔra: ‹Bafa Abraham, de kobhe tɛ mi wa! Mɛ tomsi Lazare atɛ tɛ pi ndɔng kɔ wa ha li mɛ gasisi nɛ lembe mi, hazu hakɛ we ha bea mi bulum-bulum.› 25Nɛ Abraham tɔa: ‹Bem pɔm, tazu mɛ agba nde, ha ngimɔ tunɔ pɛ mɛ ha nu, mɛ kpaa dedemɔ pɛ mɛ kari. Ma, Lazare dungɔ pɛa nɛ ngɔtɛ. Sising ɛ ha yɔkala wɛnɛ hakɛ, ma, pɛ mɛ, mɛ ha yɔnga nzata. 26Nɛ fin, gasa gduko gbongo kɛtana soko ɔ hinɛ ɛnɛ. Mɛgi hio wi hakɛ ka ngoy nɛ ha pɛ ɛnɛ, kpa wal na. Nɛ hio wi haki lɛm tɛ ha pɛ ɔ na.› 27Nɛ wan-kpamɔ tɔa fin: ‹Bafa mi, mi lokitɛ ha mɛ nde, mɛ atomsi Lazare ha twa pɛ bafa mi. 28Hazu mi nɛ hio ya mi mɔrkɔ haki. Dea nde, Lazare anɛ nɛ mbo mbwa tuka nde, mbwa atɛ ha bhandi yɔnga nzata ɛngɛ fin na.› 29Ma, Abraham tɔa: ‹Hio ya mɛ nɛ takarata pɛ Moïse nɛ pɛ hio wan-tɔkuliwen. Lɛma sɔna nde, mbwa aze nu mbwa.› 30Nɛ wan-kpamɔ kiforo wen fin: ‹Dalo, bafa Abraham. Ma, ka ma wi ha soko fiowi hɔa ha pɛ mbwa, mbwa bekifiri sila mbwa.› 31Nɛ Abraham tɔa ha wɛnɛ fin: ‹Ka mbwa ze wen takarata pɛ Moïse nɛ pɛ hio wan-tɔkuliwen na, mbwa lɛm ze ndang na, ngase wen pɛ ma wi ka guotɛ ha soko hio fiowi.› »
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1- 2Bɛtɩlɛhɛm tɩyaŋ nɛ ba gyɩ lʋl Yesu. Bɛtɩlɛhɛm gyɩ yaa tɔbiye rɛ, a we Gyudɩya paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ. Haŋ saŋa hʋ Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ rɛ gyɩ yaa doŋ paalʋʋ kuworibal. Ba gyɩ aa lʋl Yesu, ʋ bɩ pɩɩsa ka wɩgyʋnna badɔmɔŋ aa gʋnnɩ kyɩŋwʋlɩya wɩkanɩya sii lɩɩ tɩɩmemii dɩɩlaŋ, a ko Gyerusalɛm, a ko pɩyɛsɩ, a baa, "Lee tɩyaŋ nɛ ba lʋl biye hʋ aa sɩ yaa Gyuuma kuwori hʋ? Á na kyɩŋwʋlɩɩ rɛ tɩɩmemii tɩyaŋ, ʋ daga anɩɩ ba lʋla ʋ rɛ á ko dɩ á kyʋwalɩ ʋ a kpa ʋ gyɩrɩma tɩya ʋ." 3Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ gyɩ aa nɩɩ wɩɩ no, kambɩŋ gyɩ kaŋ ʋ bee Gyerusalɛm tɩmma buloŋ nɛ kɩŋkaŋ. 4Ɛɛ rɛ ʋ gyɩ yɩrɩ Gyuuma wɩɩkyʋwal sɩlaala nɩhɩyasɩ abee Wɩɩsɩ Teŋ dɩdagɩla hʋ a ko laŋŋɩ, a pɩyɛsɩ ba a baa, "Lee tɩyaŋ nɛ ba sɩ lʋl Krisita hʋ, laataal hʋ Wɩɩsɩ aa lɩya?" 5Ɛɛ rɛ ba basɩ tɩya ʋ a baa, "Ba sɩ lʋla ʋ Bɛtɩlɛhɛm aa we Gyudɩya paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ. Ɛɛ rɛ Wɩɩsɩ tɩŋdaal hʋ gyɩ sabɩ. Ʋ gyɩ baa dɩ 6Wɩɩsɩ baa, "Bɛtɩlɛhɛm yaa tɔbiye rɛ Gyudɩya paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ. Amɛ Gyudɩya paalʋʋ buloŋ tɩyaŋ, Bɛtɩlɛhɛm nala rɛ yaa nɩbala, beewɩya ba tɩyaŋ nɛ Iziral kuwori sɩ lɩɩ, nal hʋ aa sɩ kɩ deŋ ŋ nala, Iziral tɩmma." 7Doŋ nɛ Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ lʋwɔlɩ yɩrɩ wɩgyʋnna hʋ aa lɩɩ tɩɩmemii ko, a kaŋ ba mʋ faŋa a pɩyɛsɩ ba dɩ ba daga ʋ saŋa hʋ tɩɩ kyɩŋwʋlɩɩ hʋ aa lɩya. Ba daga tɩya ʋ. 8Ɛɛ rɛ Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ ta ba dɩ ba mʋ Bɛtɩlɛhɛm, aŋ basɩ tɩya ba a baa, "Ma mʋ kyɛ biye hʋ abee sɩfɩyasɩ. Ma yaŋ ko na ʋ pɛ, ma leŋ dɩ ŋ mɛ kaŋ duwoso, dɩ ŋ mɛ mʋ kyʋwalɩ ʋ a kpa ʋ gyɩrɩma tɩya ʋ." 9Ba aa nɩɩ gɛɛ, ba lɩɩ kpa ŋmanɩɩ a kɩ mʋ, kyɩŋwʋlɩɩ hʋ ba fa aa naa tɩɩmemii bɩl laa ba sɩya gɛɛɛ, a mʋ sɩŋ kyugili lee hʋ biye aa we. 10Ba aa naa kyɩŋwʋlɩɩ hʋ gɛɛ, ba tenni buloŋ fɩyɛlɩ, ba kɩ gyʋwɔsɩ. 11Ba aa mʋʋ pele lee hʋ biye hʋ aa we, ba mʋ gyʋʋ dɩya hʋ a na biye hʋ abee ʋ naa Mɛɛrɩ. Ɛɛ rɛ ba tuu gbinni biye hʋ sɩya tɩyaŋ a kyʋwalɩ ʋ a kpa ʋ gyɩrɩma tɩya ʋ, aŋ puri ba kyʋgɩsɩ a lɩɩ salma abee wɩsɩnaaŋ abee kɩŋ kɩdɩgɩ sʋwala aa sʋma ba kɩ yɩrɩ mɛɛ, a tɩya ʋ. 12Ɛɛ rɛ Wɩɩsɩ basɩ tɩya ba, ba duwoso tɩyaŋ abee sɩfɩyasɩ anɩɩ ba ta ko mɩɩgɩ mʋ Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ lee. Nyɛ rɛ ba sii a tɩŋ ŋmaŋdɩma a mɩɩgɩ mʋ ba paalʋʋ. 13Wɩgyʋnna hʋ bee mʋyɩ hal tɩyaŋ nɛ Gyosɛfʋ duwosi na malɩka dɩ ʋ ko ʋ lee a basɩ tɩya ʋ a baa, "Sii kpa biye hʋ abee ʋ naa a fá mʋ Igyipiti. Ma we doŋ a kaŋ kɩ mʋ saŋa hʋ ŋ bɩl aa sɩ tɩya ma ŋmanɩɩ dɩ ma lɩɩ doŋ, beewɩya Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ aa kyɛ dɩ ʋ kpʋ biye hʋ rɛ." 14Ɛɛ rɛ Gyosɛfʋ gyɩ sii kpa biye hʋ bee ʋ naa buloŋ a mʋ Igyipiti paalʋʋ tebine. Doŋ tɩyaŋ nɛ ba gyɩ we a mʋ pele saŋa hʋ Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ gyɩ aa ko sʋba. 15Wɩɩ no gyɩ yaa rɛ dɩ wɩɩ hʋ Wɩɩsɩ gyɩ aa tɩŋ ʋ tɩŋdaal tɩyaŋ basɩ ko yaa wɩtɩɩ. Wɩɩsɩ gyɩ baa, "Ŋ biye gyɩ we Igyipiti paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ nɛ ŋ lɩɩ ʋ." 16Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ gyɩ aa ko gyɩma anɩɩ wɩgyʋnna hʋ mʋrɩ ʋ rɛ, ʋ na baaŋ kɩŋkaŋ. Wɩgyʋnna hʋ gyɩ aa daga ʋ saŋa hʋ ba aa lʋl Yesu wɩya, ʋ sii ta ʋ laalyuwolo dɩ ba mʋ Bɛtɩlɛhɛm abee tɔbiisi hʋ buloŋ aa kpaga doŋ, a kpʋ boyoŋbiisi hʋ buloŋ ha aa yaa bɩsɩ balɩya a kaŋ kɩ tuu. 17Wɩɩ no leŋ wɩɩ hʋ Wɩɩsɩ gyɩ aa tɩŋ ʋ tɩŋdaal Gyɛrimaya tɩyaŋ basɩ ko yaa wɩtɩɩ rɛ. 18Wɩɩ hʋ Gyɛrimaya gyɩ aa basa rɛ nyɛ: "Nal lɛ aa wii Rama tɩyaŋ, a wii kɩ gʋwagɩ Rekyil lɛ aa wii ʋ balɩya aa sʋba wɩya, a pɔ dɩ ʋ bee tallɩ." 19- 21Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ sʋʋ hal tɩyaŋ, Gyosɛfʋ bɩl duwosi a na malɩka dɩ ʋ ko ʋ lee Igyipiti paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ a basɩ tɩya ʋ a baa, "Sii kpa biye hʋ abee ʋ naa a mɩɩgɩ mʋ Iziral paalʋʋ. Nala hʋ fa aa kyɛ dɩ ba kpʋ biye hʋ sʋba rɛ." Ɛɛ rɛ ʋ sii kaŋ biye hʋ abee ʋ naa a mʋ we Iziral paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ. 22Amɛ Gyosɛfʋ aa ko nɩɩ anɩɩ Kuwori Hɛrɔtɩ sʋba rɛ, ka ʋ biye Akɩlɔɔsɩ di koro Gyudɩya paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ, kambɩŋ gyɩ fa kana ʋ rɛ doŋ mʋyɩ wɩya. Ɛɛ rɛ Wɩɩsɩ bɩl basɩ tɩya ʋ duwoso tɩyaŋ abee sɩfɩyasɩ anɩɩ ʋ mʋ hɔŋ Galili paalʋʋ tɩyaŋ. 23Ʋ aa mʋʋ Galili paalʋʋ, ʋ mʋʋ hɔŋ Nazarɛti tɩyaŋ nɛ. Nyɛ yaa rɛ dɩ wɩya hʋ Wɩɩsɩ aa tɩŋ ʋ tɩŋdaala hʋ tɩyaŋ basɩ ko yaa wɩtɩɩ. Ba gyɩ basa rɛ a baa, "Ba sɩ kana ʋ kɩ yɩrɩ Nazarɛti tɩɩna."
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Maŋgʊ
Maŋgʊʊ tɩŋ lʊʊlʊna maŋgʊʊ piye pɩkɛ tɩŋ sɔsɔɔ sɔŋgɔɔ ajɛyɛ taa. Kɩ-tɛ nɛ Anacardiaceae cejewiye taa. Kɩlɩna Ɛndɩ nɛ Pakisitaanɩ nɛ Pirimanii laaŋ taa ɖeeɖe kʊñɔʊ yem yem yɔ. Tɩŋ ŋgʊ Mangifera indica wɛna kɩ-hatʊ nɛ ndɩ nɛ tɩwɛ Kpɛdɩŋ sɛmɩŋ pɩndɩɩm. Kɩ-hɩɖɛ lɩna Pɔrɩtɩkɛ kʊnʊŋ taa ɖeede paya-kʊ se manga nɛ Malayalam ɖanɩɣ yaʊ se മാങ്ങ, māṅga tʊtʊ ñalɩna tamuuli மாங்காய், māṅgāy .
Payaɣ-kʊ se maŋgʊʊ yem tɩŋ lɛɛŋ pee Irvingia tɩŋ weyi ɛwɛ kpɛɛdɩŋ sɛmɩŋ yɔ nɛ ɛ-yɔɔ wɛ takɩŋ kɩkpɛɛdɩŋ nɛ ɛ-daa mʊtʊ wɛ lemuu sɛmɩŋ nɛ sɔzɩŋ yɔ ɛtamsɩna Irvingiaceae tɩmʊʊ liɖe. Maŋgʊʊ wɛna mʊtʊ nɛ tɩhɛkʊʊ taa wɛ piye naɖɩyɛ ɖɩwɛ tayi nɛ ɖɩ-yɔɔ tuu. Ɖɩwɛ kulukulu ɛzɩ yaɖɛ yɔ nɛ kɩwɛna sʊtʊ sɛmɩŋ tɔnʊʊ yaa kpɛɛdɩŋ yaa sɛmɩŋ nɛ pɩcɛyʊʊ se ŋkuli mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pɩtɛ lɩm kpɛɛdʊʊ ɛyʊ taa nɛ mbʊ lɛ, pɩsaŋ tɔʊʊ.
Kɩ-mʊtʊ wɛ sɛmɩŋ caʊʊ pʊwɛ num pʊɖɔkʊʊ pʊwɛ leleeŋ nɛ pɩlɩɣ sɔzɩŋ ɛzɩ tɩŋ hɛtʊ yɔ. Pɩlɩna maŋgʊʊ naa ndɩ ndɩ yɔ lɛ, yaa yee maŋgʊʊ piye ɛkɩlɩɣ sɛʊ kɔyɔ kɩyɔɔ cɔntʊlʊʊ nɛ pɩhɛ cɛɛnzɩ. Pɩtɩŋna Puda ɛsɔ tɔm yɔ lɛ maŋgʊʊ yɛla pɩtalɩ kpaɣɖʊ kikpanzɩ ŋgʊ pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu Chrɩtʊ Malɛzii nɛ Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ kpagba ɛjaɖɛ taa. Siini nɔmɔŋ woɖa nɛ lonaa cɩɖɩ cɩɖɩ taa woɖa talɩna-ɖɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Ɛndɩ. Arabɩ mba ñataŋna-ɖɩ Orient nɛ Afrika ajɛyɛ taa nɛ pɔrɩtɩkɛ waa wona-ɖɩ Preezili nɛ pɩtalɩ ɛjaɖɛ kɩfaɖɛ taa. Sɔnɔ alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛyɔ tɩ-taa yɔ pahayʊʊ maŋgʊʊ sɔŋgɔɔ ajɛyɛ taa nɛ a-hadɛ kiŋ taa ajɛyɛ taa kedeŋga kpeekpe taa nɛ maŋgɩŋ ɛ-nʊ ɛ-talɩɣ mɩnɩŋ sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ pɛpɛɖɩ-ɩ sakɩyɛ.


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Karl Marx
Palʊla Karl Heinrich Marx kɛ agoza fenaɣ kagbaanzɩ wiye kɛ Trèves tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1818 nɛ ɛkʊyɩ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ kɛ lakɩŋ fenaɣ 14 pɩnaɣ 1883 kɛ Lɔndrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛkɛ Caama tʊ nɛ ɛlaba tʊma wena yɔ, afɛyɩ yɔɔdɩɣ: ɛkɛ caanaʊ taa tɔm ñɩnɩyʊ nɛ tɩkɛtɩyʊ, ɛkɛ aseɣɖe tɔm kɛtɩyʊ, philosophe nɛ tɔsʊʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ, ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ sociologue nɛ socialiste, takayasɩ mayʊ, ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ Komunisti. Pasɩma-ɩ sɩŋŋŋ nɛ ɛ-lʊbɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛlʊba tʊmɩlaɖaa yɔɔ yɔ, ntʊ ɛyɔɔda pɩlɩna ɛzɩma liidiye cɔʊ cɔʊ mbʊ yɔ pʊ-yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ pɩtasɩna ɛ-lɩmazɩyɛ kɛ ɛzɩma ɖooo caanaʊ taa mba nɛ sɔnɔ mba ɖɔɖɔ pacɔzɩɣ pa-ñɩm cɔzɩɣ mbʊ yɔ.
Anɩɩ payaɣ se Karl Marx[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Palʊla Karl Heinrich Marx kɛ pɩnaɣ 1818 kɛ Trèves tɛtʊ taa, ɖenɖe payaɣ sɔnɔ se Rhénanie-Palatinat yɔ nɛ ɛkɛ naalɛ-tʊ pɩya litoozo taa. Payaɣ ɛ-caa se Heinrich Marx (1782–1838) nɛ ɛ-cɔzɔ yɔ Herschel Marx Levi Mordechai. Ɛ-caa ɛnʊ ɛkɛ tɔm-hʊyʊ weyi payaɣ se avocat yɔ nɛ ɛkɛ Yuuɖa tʊ. Ɛ-cɔzɔ sɔsɔ payawa se Heinrich Meier Halevi Marx, nɛ ɛzɩ ɛ-caa ɖɔɖɔ mbʊ yɔ, ɛɛkɛ Trèves cejewiye layaa tɛ nɔɔyɔɔ ɖɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ pɩnaɣ 1723. Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1816 yaa 1817 taa kɛ Karl Marx pɩsa Protestant se pɩsamɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛla ɛ-tʊmaa camɩyɛ kaalɛyɩtʊ; mbʊ ɛkpaɣ hɩɖɛ se Heinrich. Payaɣ e-ɖoo se Henriette Pressburg, palʊla ɛlɛ hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 20 wiye pɩnaɣ 1788 nɛ ɛsɩ mɩnzɛma fenaɣ hiŋ naatozo ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 75. Ɛkɛ Yuuda mba mba palɩna Hollande yɔ. E-newaa kɔyɔ Gerard Philips nɛ Anton Philips. Pɔsɔ Karl Heinrich Marx kɛ ɛsɔ tɛ lɩm pɩnaɣ 1824 Luther cɔɔcɩ taa nɛ pakpazɩ-ɩ ɖoŋ pɩnaɣ 1834 kɛ Trinité de Trèves cɔɔcɩ kpaaŋ taa. Pɩwɛ mbʊ se Karl Marx caa ɖoŋgaɣ yuuɖa mba paɣtʊ yɔɔ ɛlɛ ɛ-cɔzɔ ɛnʊ (Karl Heinrich Mordechai) patalabɩ-ɩ yuuɖa mba sɔnzɩ nasɩyɛ, pɔtɔsɔ-ɩ lɩm ɖɔɖɔ nɛ nabʊyʊ ɛwɩlɩɣ kaɣlaɣ se Karl waa mba pɔɖɔŋ Yuuɖa mba paɣtʊ yɔɔ yaa Luther ñɩndʊ yɔɔ.
Karl Marx sukuli labʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛlaba sukuli nɛ ɛsʊʊ Friedrich-Wilhelm tɛ Sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ taa kɛ Trèves tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1830 nɛ peeɖe ɛmʊ ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Abitur yɔ nɛ pɩha-ɩ nʊmɔʊ nɛ ɛsʊʊ Bonn tɛ sukuli kɛtɛzʊʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1835 nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ droit labʊ. Universite taa peeɖe paha-ɩ samtʊ nimiye naɖɩyɛ nɖɩ lɛ ɛ-tɛ tʊmɩyɛ labʊ nɛ ɛ-abalɩtʊ nimiye. Pʊwayɩ lɛ ewolo Friedrich-Wilhem universite taa kɛ Pɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʊ taa lakɩŋ fenaɣ 1836 nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ filozofii nɛ caanaʊ taa tɔm kpɛlɛkɩʊ sɩŋŋŋ. Ɛtama e-sukuli pɩnaɣ 1841 nɛ ɛma ɛ-tɛ takayaɣ ŋga kawɩlʊ se ɛkɛ dɔkɩtɛɛrɩ yɔ nɛ ŋga lɛ Différence de la philosophie de la nature chez Démocrite nɛ Épicure yɔ. Pʊwayɩ pukɔma ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 15 pɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga ka-taa lɛ, pamʊ-ɩ Iéna tɛ universite taa nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ philosophie wɩlɩʊ.
Karl Marx hɔʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Pɩnaɣ 1843 kɛ Karl Marx kpaɣ ɛ-ɖaŋ Jenny von Westphalen kɛ Bad Kreuznach tɛtʊ taa. Ɛ-ɖaŋ ɛnʊ sukuli kɩtɛzʊ taa peeɖe ɛna-ɩ pana ɖama nɛ pɔsɔɔlɩ ɖama. Pɩnzɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa kɛ ɛ-ɖalʊ sɔsɔ ñapɩsa minisiɖi weyi ɛcɔŋna ɖiu ɖiu caaʊ yɔɔ yɔ kɛ Prusse tɛtʊ taa kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1850 nɛ 1858 sɩ-taa. Pɛwɛna pɩya lʊbɛ ɛlɛ halɩ-piya naatozo ɖeɖe kaɣna wɛnaʊ nɛpe-weziu nɛ papɩɩ; mba lɛ: Jenny Caroline (1844-1883), Laura (1845-1911) nɛ Jenny Julia Eleanor (1855-1898). Laurat wala Paul Lafargue kɛ pɩnaɣ 1868; ɛ-walʊ ɛnʊ ɛkɛ Fransɩ tʊ nɛ ɛma Karl Marx yɔɔ tɔm kpem nɛ ɛkɛdɩ ɛzɩma Marx kɛ philosophe yɔ. Paul ɛnʊ ɛya ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga se Souvenirs personnels sur Karl Marx. Jenny Caroline yɔ, ɛwalɩ Parɩ tɛtʊ taa weyi pazyaɣ se Charles Longuet. Jenny Eleanor ɛlɛ yɔ, ɛwala Britannique tʊ nɔɔyʊ nɛ payaɣ-ɩ se Edward Aveling.


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Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg kɛ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ pɛsɛtaɣ tobi nɛ payaɣ size Gutenberg yɔ. Takayasɩ kɩbɩnzɩ taa lɛ, pama-ɖɩ fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa sɩze Gutemberg. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, pama ɛ-hɩɖɛ kɩsɛsɛyɛ nɛ fransɩ taa size Jean. Gutemberg kɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ.
Palʋla-ɩ pɩnaɣ 1400 n̄ɩŋga taa. Mayence tɛtʋ taa palʋla-ɩ. Tɛtʋ tʋnɛ, tɩwɛ tegeetiye ndɩ paha-ɖɩ hɩɖɛ size ɖomu caama ampiiri kiɖeɖeu (Saint-Empire romain germanique) yɔ ɖɩ-taa. Ɛsɩba lɛlaɣ fenaɣ taa, kɩyakʋ naadozo n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1468 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ hiŋ loɖo nɛ lutozo (66) nɛ pʋcɔ ɛsɩkɩ.
Tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa paalʋla-ɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ ɛsɩba. Ɛkɛ abalʋ tandaʋ tʋ nɔɔyʋ. Eyeba ɛ-tandaʋ ɛzɩ malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛyaa yekiɣ yɔ. Ɖajaa Johannes Gutenberg ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ taɣʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ nɛ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ n̄ɩɣtʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ sɔsɔ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ.
Ɖajaa Caama tʋ ɛnɛ, ɛnʋ kɛŋna kajalaɣ ɛyʋ weyi eluba wondu ndʋ palakɩna n̄ɩɣlɩm yɔ. Sɩ-taa kɛlɛ hɔzɩŋ nɛ malɩfanaa nɛ pɩtasɩna ɖɔɖɔ masɩ kiciɣdasi.
Ŋgʋ toovenum taa siŋŋ lɛ, e-lubutu nɛ ɛ-lɩzɩtʋ pɛkɛ pʋyʋ keem siŋŋ wɩsɩ ɖaɣnʋʋ naʋ nʋmɔʋ taa. E-lubutu tasɩ sɔsʋʋ ɖoŋ lɛlaa lubutu nɛ pʋtʋlɩ nɔnɔɔ wondu kɩfatʋ lubu lɛɣtʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Ɖɩtaasɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ size, ɖajaa Jean Gutenberg wondu luɖu ɛnɛ, ɛkata tɩlasɩ siŋŋ e-wezuu caɣʋʋ taa.
Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛna kʋn̄ɔŋ e-wezuu caɣʋʋ kpeekpe. Pɩtala alɩwaatʋ natʋyʋʋ lɛ, ɛ-cɔlɔ tʋ kpam, ɖajaa Johann Fust lɛɣ e-nesi tɛɛ ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ wondu ndʋ ɛlakaɣna ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ yɔ. Peeɖe ɛtɛza sʋʋ kʋn̄ɔŋ sɔsɔ kpeɖem taa.
Ɛ-kʋn̄ɔŋ ŋgʋ, kɩtana-ɩ ɛ-akpadɩyɩtʋ nɔɔ yɔ. Peeɖe ɖajaa sɩnɩyʋʋ sɔsɔ Adolphe II de Nassau cɔnaa nɛ ɛkpaɣ-ɩ nɛ ɛsɩɩ ɛ-taɣ yɔɔ. Ɛha-ɩ hɩɖɛ kem size ɛyʋ kɩpanʋʋ nɛ ɛhɛyɩ ɛ-akpadayɩtʋ liidiye nɛ pɩsɩna anasaayɩ wondu luɖu ɛnɛ nɛ, e-wezuu tasɩ wobinaʋ ɛsɩndaa.


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Ɛndɩ Lɩŋamʋʋ
Inde lɩngamʊʊ
Ɖooo lɛ paywaɣ Ɛɛndɩ Lɩŋamʊʊ se Oriental liŋamʊʊ. Kɩ-ɖaalɩkɩŋ nɛ kɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 75 000 000 km2. Inde lɩŋamʊʊ sɩna hayʊ kɩŋ nɛ Ɛɛndɩ, Pakisitaanɩ nɛ Iran, zɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Birmanie, Tayilandɩ, Malaisie, Ɛndonezi nɛ Ositraalii, hadɛ kɩŋ lɛ, Ositraali Lɩŋamʊʊ. Piyele nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Ɛɛndɩ Lɩŋgamʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩsɩna Afrika nɛ péninsule arabiki.
Ɛyaa nɩna ɖama nɛ pakpaɣ se, Ɛɛndɩ Lɩŋgamʊ ŋgʊ kɩsɩɩna Atlantiki Lɩŋgamʊʊ nɛ Cap des Aiguilles tɛ longitude ŋgʊ kɩwɛ 20e méridien est yɔ; Pasifiki Lɩŋgamʊʊ nɛ Cap South Eastitude tɛ lon nɛ Tasmanie tɛtʊ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-tʊ ko nɛ pɩta yɔ; pɩtasɩna Ositraali Lɩŋamʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ 60e parallèle sud yɔ.


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Ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ
Ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ kɛna wonuu ŋgʊ kɩkʊyʋʋ ɛsɔdaa heelim taa yɔ. Mootɛɛɖɩ nakʊyʊ hɔŋna-ɖɩ nɛ ɖɩɖɛɣ ɛsɔdaa. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ paɖʊ miŋ camɩyɛ yɔ, pɩtɛ alɩwaatʊ kɛ ɛyʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛna mbʊ pɩɖɔŋ yɔ: kɩkʊyʊʋ, kɩɖɛɣ yaa kɩɩsɩŋgɩɣ yɔ, pɔyɔɔdʋʋ se ɛsɔdaalɔɔɖɩyɛ wɛ “voilure tournante” taa. Ɛsɔdaaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna mbʊ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩsɩna-ɖɩ nɛ ɖɩkʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa nɛ ɖitii ɖɩcɑɣ lɩm yɔɔ nɛ piliki-ɖɩ yɔ, payaɣ-ɖɩ se “hydravion”. Ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖa nayɛ wɛɛ nɛ ɛyʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛcaɣ a-taa nɛ pɩɖɛnayɩ ɛsɔtaa tɩɩɩ nɛ ɛpɩzɩɣ etii ɖɔɖɔ tataa ɖɔɖɔ. Alɛ lɛ, awɛna pɔbɔla ɛzɩ “skis” naa ñɩna yɔ nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se “Parapentes” waa. Weyi ɛsaɣ ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ yɔ, payaɣ-ɩ se “pilote” yaa “aviateur”; pɩkɛ halʊ kɔyɔ, payaɣ ɛlɛ se “aviatrie”.
Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ payaɣ se “aviation” yɔ, pʊtɔbʋʋ se “sɩmaɣ lakaɣ”. Pɩnaɣ 1863 kɛ Gabriel de La Landelle calɩ tɔmbiye nɖɩ lɩzʋʋ. Tɔmbiye ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ takayaɣ ŋga payaɣ se “Aviation ou navigation sans ballon” yɔ ka-taa. Ka-taa lɛ, pɔyɔɔdʋʋ Jean-Marie Le Bris tɛ ɛsɔdaa kʊyʊʊ tɔm. Ɛkɛcaɣ anasayɩ ñɩɣyʋʋ nakʊyʊ taa nɛ kɩkakɩla heelim kɛ yʊŋ nɛ ɛkʊyɩ ɛsɔtaa tɩɩɩ nɛ ɛɖɛɛ.
Pɩnaɣ 1875 kɛ Clément Ader lɩza tɔmbiye nɖɩ payaɣ se “Ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ” yɔ se ɛkɛdɩna wonuu ŋgʊ kɩpɩzɩɣ nɛ kʊkʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa yɔ. Kpaabgaa mbʊ lɛ, elu ñɩɣyʊʊ nakʊyʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1890 kɛ aloma fenaɣ 9 ñɩŋgʊ wiye nɛ ɛyaa-kʊ se “Eole” nɛ ɛkʊyɩna-kʊ ɛzɩ mɛta naa nɩɩnɩwa ɛsɔtaa nɛ pɩcɔ etii. Ɛ-hama lakasɩ nzɩ, sɩmaɣna eɖeke, eteyele se nɔɔyʊ ɛtɩlɩ-sɩ; mbʊ pɩyɔɔ yɔ, pɩɩkɛna mɛɛsaɣ tɛɛ tɔm ntʊ tɩhʊzaɣ peeɖe tɛ sɔɔjanaa yɔɔ yɔ.
Clément Ader ñaɣ pana nɛ ɛtasɩ ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ naatozo ñɩnɖɛ lʊbʊ aloma fenaɣ 14 ŋga pɩnaɣ 1903. Ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩɖɩ ñapɩzɩɣ ɖɩkʊyɩ ɛsɔtaa ɛzɩ mɛta naa 300 yɔ.
Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ Otto Lilienthal luba ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɖɩnɛ ɖɩndɩ kpem: kpatala kɛ ɛlɛ kpaaɣ nɛ ɛhɔkɩ kpootu ɛzɩɩ acaɣ ñɛyɩtʊ yɔ nɛ ɛɖʊ mootɛɛɖɩ kɛ pɩ-taa. Lɔɔɖɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩɖɩ yɔ, pɩpɔzɩɣ se pɩkɛna piyaɣ ŋga kakʊya ɛzɩ mɛta naa nɛɛlɛ yɔ. Ɖɩpɩzaa nɛ ɖɩkʊyɩ ɛsɔtaa nɛ pɩtalɩ mɛta naa 400 yɔ.
Pɩnaɣ 1911 kɛ, Général Roques, weyi ɛtʊla sɔɔjanaa ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ ɖitiɖe yɔ, ɛkpaɣ lɩmazɩyɛ se mbʊ mbʊ pʊkʊyʊ ɛsɔtaa nɛ pɩtɩkɩ pɩcakɩ yɔ, payaɣ-pʊ se ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖa. Pɩɩtʊzɩna efemiye nɖɩ paɖʊwaɣ Clément Ader kɛ hɩɖɛ ɛsɩm wayɩ tɔzʊ yɔɔ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, keteŋa kpeekpe you kacalaɣ tɛ alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ tɔmbe: ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖɩyɛ nɛ ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖa ɖidiɖe pɔtɔya.


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Ruusi tɛ kpɛlɩ lɛɛzɩtʊ (Révolution russe)
Ruusi tɛ kpɛlɩ lɛɛzɩtʊ kɛ wɛtʊ naa mba patɩŋga payɩ pɔkɔma pɛkpɛndɩ nɛ potuzina ɖoŋ ɖoŋ Tsar kewiyitu Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛɣla fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1917 taa yɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɖɔɖɔ aloma fenaɣ Bolchevik ɛyaa kpaɣ kewiyaɣ nɛ pasɩ Lenin kewiyitu (kpɛndɛ ŋgbɛyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kewitu). Pɩ-tɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ ndɩ ɖɩpaɣzɩna you sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa.
You ŋgʊ kɩɩwɛ Bolchevik ɛyaa nɛ sɔɔjanaa kʊlʊma ɛyaa nɛ pɩtasɩna ɛyaa lalaa (Makhnovchtchina nɛ tɩŋ hatʊ sɛmɩŋ sɔɔjanaa). Pɩ-tɛ you ŋgʊ kɩtɩna se Ruusi tɔsʊʊ huu ɛpasɩ yaa ɛtɔlɩ, ŋgʊ kɩɩpazɩna you ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ taa, nɛ sɩm ñɔɔsɩ nasɩyɛ. You ŋgʊ kɩtɛzɩna se bolchevik ɛyaa wabɩna nɛ pɩtɩŋna tɩ-yɔɔ lɛ, URSS tɛ ɖoŋ yɔɔ lɛ, paɖanɩɣ maʊ canaʊ Ampiri ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ. Ruusi tɛ kpɛlɩ lɛɛzɩtʊ yeba nɛ pasɩ kpɛndɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kewiyitu aŋgba ɛzɩ ɖeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ ɖɩnɩɣ tɔmpiye ndɩ yɔ.
Sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, you sɔsɔʊ tɩna tɔm ndʊ, Ruusi kpɛlɩ lɛzɩtʊ kɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩkɛ 20 kpaɣɖʊ tobi tɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ keem nɛ kiɖe ndɩ ɖɩtʊla ɖɩ-tɩyɔɔ pɩlɩna Erɔpʊ taa you pɩnaɣ 1914 taa nɛ ɖɩtɛmna pɩnaɣ 1991 se URSS mʊwaa.
You ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ ɖɔnɛ nɛ kɩ-laɣsɩ tɩŋga payi kɔna tɩlasɩ sakɩyɛ nɛ pɩkɔna ɛyaa tɔm pɔzʊʊ nɛ kpeɣtu ndɩ ndɩ. Tɔm kɛdɩyaa yaa mayaa tɛyaa nɛ pɔpɔzɩɣ pa-tɩ se lɛɣla fenaɣ tɛ lɛzʊʊ kpɛlɩ pɔzaɣ koŋ kɛ aloma tɛ lɛzɩtʊ yaawe. Aloma fenaɣ tɛ wɛtʊ ( kpɛlɩ lɛzʊʊ, kewiyaɣ tuzuu yaa pa-naalɛ tɛ kpɛndʊʊ yaawe), Ruusi ɛyaa hɛkɩŋ taa yoŋ sɔsɔŋ nɛ Soviyetiki paɣtʊ ɖoŋ ndʊ pazɩtʊ kɔna ɖɔɖɔ tɔm sakɩyɛ.
Pagbaɣa ɛyaa nabɛyɛ nɛ pasɩ-wɛ awiyaa sɔsaa cɔlɔ nɛ pɩta wɛɛna waɖɛ se pala pɔsɔɔlɩm yɔɔ tʊma. Pɩ-tɛ wɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-tɛ ɖɩzɩtʊ pɩtɩŋna wiyaʊ sɔsɔ Alexandre 2 tʊ yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1861 alɩwaatʊ taa kɔna ɖooo canaʊ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ tɛ ɖɩzɩtʊ. Patɩ caŋga pɛtɛzɩ pʊyɔɔ lɛ, mba pɔɖɔwaɣa-wɛ mbʊ yɔ pɛɖɛ tɛtʊ taa nɛ anasaayɩ tʊma sɔsɔna taa tʊma laɖa siŋ.
Pɩkpaɣna kpaɣɖʊ 20 pazɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, Ruusi tʊma sɔsɔna hiɣ a-tɩ, nɛ ɛyaa ɖɔɔ tɛtʊ taa piŋ nɛ pʊkɔna ɛsakuliye siŋ. Sɔndʊʊ paɣzɩ kpaʊ canaʊ paɣtʊ nɛ pɩpɩsɩ tɔm sɔsɔtʊ tanɩm taa tɩnaa. Tʊma sɔsɔna hiɣ a-tɩ nɛ nesi tɛ tʊma tɩnaa ɖɔɔ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa keeke.


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Alfred Nobel
Alfred Bernhard Nobel kɛ Sʊyɛdɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ tandʋʋ tʋ. Palʋla ɖajaa ɛnɛ aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiŋ naalɛ nɛ kʋɖʋmʋʋ (21) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye,pɩnaɣ 1833 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Sʋyɛdɩ (suède) ɛjaɖɛ taa peeɖe palʋla-ɩ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu (10) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1896 n̄ɩŋga taa. Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ cikpetu ndʋ payaɣ tʋ size San Remo yɔ tɩ-taa ɖajaa Bernhard ɛnɛ ɛsɩba ɛ-pɩnzɩ hiŋ loɖo nɛ naadozo (63) ñɩnzɩ taa.
Ɖajaa Alfred Bernhard kɛ kpɛlɛ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ hɔzɩŋ luɖu.
Sɔsɔ Alfred Nobel lubina tɩm mbʋ payaɣna anasaayɩ kʋnʋŋ taa se 'dynamite' yɔ. Ɖajaa Alfred Nobel wɛna hɔzɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ tɩm ndɩ ndɩ wondu ɖuluɖe kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ nɛ payaɣ-kʋ se 'Bofors'.
Ɛtɛ cee tɔm takayaɣ taa lɛ, ɛmaa size, ɛ-n̄ɩm tɩŋɛ payɩ lɛ, pakpaɣ nɛ palɩzɩna samtʋ yaa nimiye mʋʋ takayasɩ. Ɖajaa Alfred Nobel kɛ samtʋ takayɩsɩ mayʋ. Ɛ-samtʋ nɛ ɛ-hɩɖɛ ɖʋʋ yɔɔ yɔ, pakpaɣ ɛ-hɩɖɛ 'Nobel' nɛ payaa se kpɛlɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ ɖaɣ.
Ɖajaa Alfred Bernhard Nobel kɛ pɩɣa naadozo ñɩŋga ɛ-caa lʋlʋʋ taa. Ɛ-caa payaɣ size Immanuel Nobel, nɛ e-ɖoo kɛlɛ ɖoɖoo Andriette Ahlsell Nobel. Ɛ-ɖalʋ lɛ Ludvig Nobel.


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Lɔŋ pasʊʊ (morale)
Wɛtʊ kɩbandʊ nʊmɔʊ tɩŋʊʊ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se mooraalɩ. Pɩkɛ lɔŋ pasʊʊ nabʊyʊ. Palʊlʊʊ pɩɣa lɛ, pʊwɛɛ se pɛkpɛlɛkɩ-kɛ wezuu caɣʊ kɩbam. Pʊwɛɛ se pɛkpɛlɛkɩ-kɛ ñamtʊ haʊ, ɖɔnɛ kɩbanɖɛ. Tʊmɩyɛ labʊ nɛ taa leleŋ.
Ɖɩɣa taa lɛ, pʊwɛɛ se pɛkpɛlɛkɩ-kɛ ka-ñɩma sɛʊ paa tanaŋ ŋgʊ. Pʊwɛɛ se kalɩɣna kuduyuu tɛɛ lɛ, kɔkɔ kɛ-ɛsɩndaa. Kɔkɔʊ kɛ-ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɩtɛ lɛ, kowolo kɛsɛɛ ka-caa nɛ ko-ɖoo. Kɛsɛɣ-wɛ pɩtɛ lɛ, kɛsɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ ka-ɖalaa nɛ kɔ-kɔɔnaa.
Sɛtʊ wayɩ lɛ, kala ka-tʊma cikpene wena paɖʊ-kɛ se kala yɔ.
Yee mbʊ mbʊ payaɣ se mooraalɩ yɔ yaa wɛtʊ kɩbandʊ yɔ, ɖɩɣa taa pɩpaɣzɩɣna nɛ pʊcɔ pɩlɩɩna awayɩ. Sukuli taa lɛ, pɛkpɛlɛkɩ pɩɣa ɛzɩma kaña ka-wɩlɩyaa nɛ ka-kɩkpaɖaa yɔ. Pɛkpɛlɛkɩɣ pɩɣa ɖɔɖɔ sukuli taa habɩyɛ yɔɔ paɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ pʊwɛɛ se ɛyʊ ɛña nɛ kɛkpɛdɛzaɣ nakɛyɛ ɛtaala habɩyɛ yɔɔ yɔ.
Yee pɩɣa nakɛyɛ ɛɖɔŋ habɩyɛ yɔɔ nɛ kaañaŋ habɩyɛ yɔɔ ɖɔnɛ paɣtʊ yɔ, pɔtɔŋ se pɩɣa ŋga kotowolo sukuli. Kɛkɛ kɩmɛlɛŋ. Patʊ pɩɣa nakɛyɛ mbʊʊ yɔ, pɩwɩzɩɣ ka-ñɩma siŋŋ. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, pɩɣa nakɛyɛ ɛwɛɛ nɛ kaasɩŋ sɛtʊ yɔ, pɔtɔŋ-kɛ se ka-ñɩma tɛkpɛlɛkɩ-kɛ wɛtʊ kɩbandʊ.
Wɛtʊ kɩbandʊ ndɩ ndɩ lɩɣna mooraalɩ cɔlɔ. Ɛlɛ, ɛyʊ fɩtɩyɩm taa wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ kɩbandʊ tɩŋa hosi ñɔʊ. Fɩtɩyɩm taa maɣzɩm kɩbam tɩŋa lɩɣna.


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Henry 8 de l'Angleterre
Henri 8 (palʊla-ɩ Henry liɖe, mɩsɩgʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 pɩnaɣ 1491 ŋtalɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 pɩnaɣ 1547) ɛɛkɛ Angleterre nɛ Irlande ajɛyɛ wiyaʊ pɩnaɣ 1509 pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛsɩm. Tɔm hʊʊ taa paɣtʊ naa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ cɔɔcɩ paɣtʊ pɩlɩna ɛ-kajalaɣ nesi ɖɔkʊʊ nɛ Aragon Cathérine nɛ pɩtɛ ɖɩzɩtʊ tɩna pɩnaɣ 1534 alɩwaatʊ taa mbʊ pɩlaba nɛ Angleterre cɔɔcɩ nɛ Room nɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ lɛɣzɩtʊ paya ɖama yɔ. Henri 8 cɔna tɛyɩtʊ ndʊ nɛ ɛdɩzɩɣ mʊwanɩ waa kuduyuŋ nɛ pɩtɩŋna pʊyɔɔ nɛ patasɩ-ɩ haʊ Ɛsɔ tɔɔnaɣ. Ɛlɛ paa mbʊ yɔ ɛɖɔka kpam katoliki Ɛsɔ tɔm nɛ ɛkandʊʊ tɩ-yɔɔ. Henri 8 kpaɣ hala pɩtalɩ tam kɩgbanzɩ nɛ halɩ eyele pakʊ pa-taa naalɛ, Anne Boleyn nɛ Howard Cathérine.
Palʊla-ɩ Placentia kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣa taa mɩsɩgʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 pɩnaɣ 1491, Henri Tudor kɛnɛ pɩɣa natozo ŋga nɛ naalɛ ŋga kɛ wiyaʊ Henri 7 tʊ cɔlɔ nɛ Elizabeth York tʊ cɔlɔ. Ɖalaa nɛ kɔɔnaa loɖo taka taa lɛ,natozo (Arthur de Galles, Marguerite nɛ Marie ) yeke talɩna akpadayɩtʊ nɔɔ yɔɔ. Exeter Episikɔpʊ sɔna-ɩ Ɛsɔ tɛ lɩm ɛnʊ payaɣ se Richard Fox kɛ Françis D’Assise cɔɔcɩ kpaŋ taa.
Arthur sɩ tuda, nɛ pekpkuu ɛzɩ kpezɩ wɩlaɣ kʊdɔŋ ɛsɩbɩna, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 15, [[ɖomaɣ fenaɣ][ taa pɩnaɣ 1502 alɩwaatʊ taa, mbʊ lɛ, pɩlaba kpɩtaŋ nɛɛlɛ lɛ ɛɖɔkʊ nesi ɛ-nɛ Cathérine yɔ lɛ. Ɛ-tʊma nɛ ɛ-doŋ tɩŋa payɩ pakpaɣ pɛcɛlɛ Henri ɛlɛ ñawɛna pɩnzɩ 10 nɛ epɩsɩ Cornoua wiyaʊ aloma fenaɣ taa nɛ ɛkɛ wiyaʊ pɩɣa Galles taa nɛ Chester taa [[lɛlaɣ fenaɣ[[ pɩnaɣ 1503.
Henri 7 cɛyɩ ɛ-tɩ se ɛtamsɩ ɛɛgbaɣdɩyɛ nɛ Angleterre nɛ [Ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ]] ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɛmaɣzɩ se ɛkpaɣ Catherine halʊ nɛ ɛcɛlɛ henri. Cɔɔcɩ paɣtʊ ɛhaɣ waɖɛ se nesi ɖɔkʊ ɛwɛɛ ɛyaa kʊyʊma hɛkʊ ɛzɩ liɖe kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ taa ŋgʊ Henri 7 nɛ Ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa caɣyʊ kaama takayaɣ papa nɛ pɔpɔzi-ɩ se ɛha waɖɛ nɛ pataña cɔɔcɩ paɣtʊ ndʊ. Papa tisi nɛ ɛha waɖɛ nɖɩ. Henri kizi se pata wɛɛ ɖama cɔlɔ, ŋgʊ Isabelle1 sɩm pɩnaɣ 1504 taa nɛ kpeɣlaɣ lɛɣzɩtʊ kɔŋna tɛyɩŋ mbʊ lɛ, pɩla kaɖɛ.
Henri 7 sɩbɩna kpeziwɩlaɣ kʊdɔŋ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 22 pɩnaɣ 1509, evebupɩɣa Henri kpaɣ kpeɣlaɣ nɛ paya-ɩ se Henri 3 tʊ. Pepima ɛ-caa kpa lɛ, agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 10, esusi ɛ-tɛ nesi ɖɔkʊʊ tɔm nɛ Cathérine nɛ ɛtɔŋ se paa papa ha waɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtatɩɩcaɣda camɩyɛ kɔyɔ. Papazɩ ñɔɔzʊʊ nesi ɖɔkʊʊ lɩmaɣza François Assise kpaŋ taa Greenwich.


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Maarɩsɩ (Mars)
Maarɩsɩ kɛna wɩsɩ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga nɛ tɩyɩŋga kanɛ ŋga kɛŋna naanza ŋga nzɩ sɩñɔtɩna wɩsɩ yɔ. Wɩsɩ cɔɔʊʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩnzɩ litoozo kpeekpe taa lɛ Maarɩsɩ kɛŋna naalɛ ŋga yʊŋ hɩlɩmaɣ tɔm taa nɛ paɣlɩka ɖɔɖɔ.
Wɩsɩ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga kanɛ koposina wɩsɩ ɛzɩ 1,381 nɛ 1,666 UA (pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalɩɣ kilomɛtanaa miiliyɔɔnaa 206,6 nɛ 249,2. Maarɩsɩ kpayaɣ hɛkʊ cɔʊ taa talɩ ɛzɩ afema 686,71 yɔ.
Ɛzɩ Mɛɛrkiiri, Feniisɩ nɛ Tɛtʊ yɔ, tɩyɩnga kanɛ kɔ-yɔɔ nɛ tɛtʊ. Wɩsɩ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga ŋga payaɣ se Tɛtʊ yɔ, tɩkɩla Maarɩsɩ kɛ yʊŋ hɩlɩmaɣ ɛzɩ tam hiu yɔ ɛlɛ tɩyɩŋga kanɛ kakɩla fenaɣ hɩlɩmaɣ ɛzɩ tam hiu ɖɔɖɔ.
Ɖooo ɛzɩ pɩkpaɣʊ yɔ ñɩnɩyaa mba pɔsɔɔla wɩsɩ cɔɔu taŋgalam yɔ pɩ-tɛ wɛɖɩʊ nɛ pɩlakasɩ yɔ paha tɩyɩŋga Maarɩsɩ nɛ ɛsɛ pɩkɩlɩ tɩyɩnzɩ lɛɛsɩ nzɩ paa-anɩ ɛzɩma yɔ. Tɩyɩŋga kanɛ kanɛ tɛtʊ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋga ŋga ɛyaa wɛ ka-taa yɔ, Tɛtʊ, pɛwɛna ɖama kpaɣʊʊ mbʊ yɔ pɩɖɔɔ pɩtɩɩfɛyɩ.
Pɩnaɣ 2008 taa ñɩnɩyaa loyuu kiluzuu ŋgʊ pañɩnɩʊna lɩm nɛ cukaŋ yɔ, kɩwɩlaa se tɩyɩŋga Maarɩsɩ taa wɛ lɩm ɖomba pɩtɛɛ nɛ pɩtakɩlɩ cukaŋ. Panɛ ɖomba ana kɛ Fasititasɩ Poriyalisi tɛtʊ taa.
Salaŋ fenaɣ 28 pɩnaɣ 2015 Naza ñɩna nɛ kɩna se wɩsɩ cɔɔʊ taŋgalam tɩyɩŋa Maarɩsɩ taa nɛ anaam nabʊyʊ nɛ payaɣ-pʊ se Soomiirɩ nɛ kɩ-taa nɛ ñɩm ndɩ ndɩ ɛzɩ Kloratɩ nɛ Pɛrɩkloratɩ mbʊ pɩwɛ mañeziyɔmɩ taa yɔ pɩtasɩna pɛɗikɩloratɩ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ sodɩyɔmɩ taa yɔ nɛ pizidina lɩm pazɩ.


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Ɖalaa panɛ : Orville Wright nɛ Wilbur Wright kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size
Palʋla ɖajaa Wilbur Wright kɛ
Ɖajaa Wilbur Wright ɛlɛ lɛ,
Pɛkɛ ɖalaa naalɛ mba, samaɣ yaa sakɩyɛ sɩma wɛ siŋŋ yɔ. Pɛkɛ Amerika taa kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ mba mba, pɛkɛ ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖa saɣaa sɔsaa yɔ. Ɖajaanaa yaa ɖa-ɖalaa pɛkɛ palakɩ tʋma sɔsɔnaa ndɩ ndɩ. Pa-tʋma lɛɣnaa yɔ : pɛkɛ n̄ɩnɩyaa sɔsaa, nɛ pana n̄aɣyaa sɔsaa yaa tamaɣ lɩzɩyaa sɔsaa.
Kʋɖʋmaɣ mba, palakɩ ɖɔɖɔ n̄ʋʋ taa luɖaa tʋma yaa n̄ʋʋ taa maɣzɩm tɩnaɣ tʋma. Pɛkɛ mayaa sɔsaa nɛ ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa saɣyaa sɔsaa siŋŋ ɖɔɖɔ. Pɛtɛma leenduu ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa yaa tɛɛɛ tɛɛɛ ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa kʋyʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ labʋʋ lɛ, pɔyɔɔdɩ kalaɣ nɛ tisuu siŋŋ size, mba tɛma lɩzɩzʋʋ mba tɛ kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ lɔɔɖɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkʋyʋʋ ɛsɔdaa taa yɔ lɛ pɩnaɣ 1902 n̄ɩŋga kanɛ ka-taa.


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Sidaa
Sidaa kɛ kʊɖɔŋ ŋgʊ ɛyʊ hikiɣ wɩsɩ nɛ wɩsɩ yɔ. Kɩkɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-wɛtʊ nɛ kɩ-lakasɩ tɩŋga kʊʊ ɛyʊ tɔmnaɣ taa pʊtʊna mba palʊkɩna kʊɖɔmɩŋ yɔ,ɛlɛ, pɩtɩŋna VIH yɔɔ kɛnɛ. VIH kɛnɛ kpaagba lone ndɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ sidaa tɩŋgɩɣ nɛ kʊsʊʊ yɔ. Kʊkʊʊ ɛyʊ pɩtɩŋnɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ weyi ɛtɩŋna kʊ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛsʊ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa yɔ. Ɛyʊ weyi sidaa kpayɩ yɔ yaa ɛwɛna sidaa kʊdɔŋ yɔ payayɩ-ɩ se sidaa tʊ yaa sidaa ɛyʊ.
Nɔmɔŋ niidozo kɔdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩtɩŋna nɛ kʊsʊʊ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa. Nɔmɔŋ ɛ-nʊ yɔ, kajalaɣ ŋgʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɛ sɔsɔʊ yɔ kɛlɛ kʊzʊʊ. Naalɛ ŋgʊ lɛ calɩm tɔbʊʊ se mba palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ tabakʊyɔɔ ŋga pɔsɔkɩ ɛyaa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa mba palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ alaafɩya hɔɔlʊʊ taa (sɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1980 tɛmtʊ taa, mba paɖʊ-wɛ calɩm po-tomnasi taa kɔzɩ kɔzɩ mba pa-calɩm kiwa yɔ hiɣ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ calɩm mbʊ paɖʊʊ-wɛ pɩ-taa wɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ). Naatozo nɔmɔʊ kɛlɛ ɖoyo nɛ ɛ-pɔɔ, kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩkpa pɔɔ ko-ɖoo lotu taa kɛ kpaagba kɔzɔɖɔ naa taa kɛ hɔɔ alɩwaatʊ taa yaa ɖɩ-lʊʊlɩyɛ taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɖɩ-mʊzɩyɛ taa.
Kedeŋga kpeekpe kʊdɔŋ kʊnɛ kɩsɛɣ ɛsɩyɛɛ kpaɣ pɩnzɩɣ 1970 taa nɛ kɩpɩsɩ sʊʊtʊ ajɛyɛɛ tɩŋga. Kʊsʊʊ hʊyʊʊ yeke koŋ ɖaŋgʊʊna kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ se kɩ-taa kpa ɛyʊ nɛ sɩɣsɩɣ yaa kele kele wɛtʊ pɩzʊʊna pɩɖaŋ ɛyʊ yɔɔ. Pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ yɔ kɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ fɛyɩ se ɖɩpɩzʊʊ nɛ ɖɩwaa kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ. Ɛlɛ, kɔɔ naayɛ wɛɛ papɩzɩɣ pasɩɣna kʊdɔndɩnaa, ɛlɛ awɛ liiidiye.
Ajɛyɛ wena awɛna ñɩm yɔ a-yeke apɩzɩɣna ayakɩ pɩtɛ kɔɔ. Piyele wena awɛ tanɩm taa yɔ a-tɛ kʊdɔndɩnaa lakɩ kʊñɔŋ. Ɛyaa ɛzɩ mɩnʊʊ yɔ lɛ, hiŋ nakʊ nɛ kɩgbanzɩ lakɩ kʊñɔŋ (95%). Pʊyɔɔ yɔ tɔnʊʊ taa alaafɩya ñɩnʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ ndɩ ɖɩyaɣ se ONU, pɩtɩŋna ɖɩ-lɩmaɣza yɔ pɩlɩna sidaa kʊdɔŋ ONU SIDA yɔ lɛ, lɩza lɩmaɣza ndɩ ndɩ nɛ kʊlʊkɩna sidaa kʊdɔŋ.
Nɔmɔŋ niitozo weyi VIH kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩɖɛʊna yɔ wɛna paa ŋgʊ kɩ-wɛtʊ. Kʊzʊʊ nɛ calɩm nɛ hɔɔ alɩwaatʊ nɛ hɩɖɛ mʊzʊʊ alɩwaatʊ. Sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, kɩɖɛʊ pɩkɩlɩna kʊzʊʊ ŋgʊ palakɩ-kʊ nɛ paaɖʊʊ kʊzʊʊ hʊyʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ yem taa se kɔndɔm. Kʊzʊʊ nɔmɔʊ taa kɩɖɛʊ ŋgʊ pɩtɩŋna sʊŋgɔɔ nɛ lɩm mbʊ pɩlɩɣ kʊzʊʊ alɩwaatʊ taa (yaa calɩm mbʊ pɩ-taa wɛ sidaa kʊdɔŋ yɔ) nɛ mʊʊna lɩm mbʊ pɩlɩɣ abalɩtʊ yaa halɩtʊ taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ mɔŋ tɛ yaa nɔɔ taa. Kʊɖɔŋ ŋgʊ pʊtɔma kɩɖɛʊ ɛyaa ɛzɩ 0,005 % nɛ 0,5 % pɩtɩŋna kʊzʊʊ yɔ nɛ ɛyʊ weyɩ ɛtɛma-kʊ wɛnaʊ yɔ pɩlɩna kʊzʊʊ ŋgʊ ɛlakɩ yɔ kʊ-cɔlɔ.
Ɛyʊ ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ se kɩkpa-ɩ kɔyɔ, pɩkɩlɩ ɖeu nɛ pɩkɛna kɩjɛyʊʊ se ɛsɔɔlɩ kʊzʊʊ hʊzʊʊ ɖʊʊ paa ɛzɩmta. Kiyeke koŋ kaɖaŋgʊna kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ se kɩ-taa ɖɛɛ ɛyʊ lɛlʊ weyi ɛfɛyɩna-kʊ yɔ. Ñɩnʊʊ nɛ Kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɔmɔŋ taa pɩwɩlɩɣ keele se kʊzʊʊ hʊyʊʊ yaba ɛyaa ñʊŋ nɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩpasɩ ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ taa. Ɖɩtaasɔɔ se hʊyʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ pɔza alɩwaatʊ kpaʊ pazɩ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ndʊ ɖʊkʊʊ camɩyɛ deyi deyi kɔyɔ pɩɩlakɩ.


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Taŋ Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ
Taŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖ̀ɛzaɣ (Siini taa lɛ, 唐朝,Wade taa lɛ,Wade taa lɛ, T’ang nɛ nabʊyʊ taa lɛ, EFEO taa lɛ, T’ang, Ten) (mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ, pɩnaɣ 618 ŋtalɩ mɩsɩ kʊm fenaɣ kajalaɣ kɩyakʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 907 taa). Pɩkɛ Siini kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ ŋga kɛlɛza Sui keziyaɣ (pɩnzɩ 581-618 taa yɔ) pʊwayɩ kewisi kɩgbanzɩ nɛ kewiyaɣ ajɛyɛ hiu alɩwaatʊ tɩŋga. Li cejewiye kasɩna ke-kiɖe, nɛ kamʊ kewɩyaɣ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Sui kewiyaɣ ɖɩma yɔ yaa kɔtɔla yɔ.
Kapaɣzɩ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Siini ɛjaɖɛ kaatɛya pɩɖalɩ halɩ pɩtalɩ 220 nɛ 581 taa yɔ, ɖenɖe keeke Sui kewiyaɣ tobi ŋga kaasɩ kamaɣ yɔ yaa kaatɛma yɔ, kajalaɣ awiya tɩmɩyɛ kaakɛ se pacaɣzɩ ɖiɖi Ampiiri kɩfalʊʊ ŋgʊ pɛkpɛnda yɔ nɛ patasɩ haʊ ɖoŋ ɛzɩ Siini kaawɛʊ ɖoŋ han waa alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ pacaɣ sooci lala ajɛyɛ lɛɛna ñʊʊŋ yɔ caɣʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Taŋ kajalaɣ awiya alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, (kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Taizon nɛ Wu Zetian nɛ Xuanzon), Siini Ampiiri hiɣ kɩ-tɩ ɖeu nɛ kɩwɛna ɛsakuliye kɩbanɖɛ siŋ.
Awiya sɔsaa tapɩzʊʊ ɖaŋgʊʊ pʊcɔlɔ kpɛɣɛ yoŋ weyi eyeba nɛ po-ɖoŋ pa-ajɛyɛ hɔɔlɩŋ yɔ ñɩna yɔɔ, ɛlɛ, paa pɩtakɔŋna cɛyɩtʊ pɛ-tɛ Ampiiri ɛsɩnda ɖɛnaʊ yɔ kɔyɔ, pɩlɩna ɛyaa tɛ ɖɔʊ sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ tɔsʊʊ huu pɩtɩŋna Hadɛ yɔɔ Ajɛyɛ yɔɔ. Yoŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩyɛ wayi kɛ wayi wayi kpaɣɖɩŋ 9 ŋgʊ alɩwaatʊ taa, Taŋgi kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣ pɩnaɣ 907 taa ŋgʊ pɩ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, patɛyɩ ɛ-tɛ Ampiiri yʊkpɩlɛɛ.
Politiki tɛ ɛsɩnda nɛ samaɣ nɛ tɔsʊʊ huu nɛ lɛɣtʊ sɩm wɛɛ ana a-taa kayeba nɛ tɔm kɛɖɩyaa maɣzɩ nɛ pɔtɔ se Siini ɛjaɖɛ sʊ alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ taa, ndʊ tɩwɩlaɣ Soŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ (pɩnzɩ 960 ŋtalɩ 1272 alɩwaatʊ) ŋgʊ kikpeɣla Siini ɛjaɖɛ kpaɣɖɩŋ cabɩ pʊcɔ Taŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ ɖɩɣ.
Lɛɛzɩtʊ yuŋ ndʊ sakɩyɛ lɩ Taŋ kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa, pata kɛlɛ ɖeɣa taɣtʊ tʊmɩyɛ matʊ. Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, mʊntʊsʊʊ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ ndɩ ɖɩya se bʊdɩyɩsɩmɩ hiɣ tɩlasɩ sakɩyɛ Siini ɛsakuliye cɔlɔ.


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Gard tɛ kondoloko
Gard tɛ Kondoloko kɛna kondoloko aqueduc Roma mba hɔɔlʋʋ lone taa n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛna lona naadozo yɔ. Gard tɛ Kondoloko kʋnɛ, kʋwɛna Pont-du-Gard kɛ ajɛɛ anɛ Uzès nɛ Nîmes pɛ-hɛkʋʋ taa. Ki-lone nɖɩ Fransɩɩ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kɛ Gard.
Kondoloko kʋnɛ kɩ-ɖɛzʋʋ calaʋ kɛ Garbon yaa Gard. Paa pɩla ɛzɩma yɔɔ yɔ, pama-kʋ kɔɔnɔɔ hɛkʋ nɛ hɛkʋ hɔɔlʋʋ kpaɖʋ taa kɛnɛ nɛ. Kondoloko ŋgʋ, peyeba kʋ labɩnaʋ yaa peyeba kʋyɔ ɖɔm pɩgbaʋʋ nɛ kpaɖʋ loɖo (6) n̄ɩŋgʋ paɣzɩtʋ alɩwaatʋ taa yɔ.
Hɛkʋ nɛ hɛkʋ tɛ wɛɛ alɩwaatʋ taa lɛ, poɖe kɩ-tɩnɩyɛ naalɛ nɖɛ taa kɔʋʋ yebina nɛ kondoloko kʋnɛ, kiyele kɩkɛ yaa pakpaɣ-kʋ nɛ pɛtɛzɩ pɩsɩʋ lɔɔɖa saɣʋ nʋmɔʋ sʋsɔʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ. Gard tɛ Kondoloko kʋnɛ, kɩ-matʋ sʋsɔtʋ kɩbandʋ tʋnɛ, ndʋ yekaɣna kpeɖem ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pɩhɔŋ ɛyaa nɛ kɩ-yɔ kɩ-yɔ kiŋ.
Ɛsɩyɛ egbena tɩna wokaɣ kɩnaʋ ɖoŋ ɖoŋ pɩŋŋ. Samaɣ sakɩyɛ lɩmazaɣ wokaa na kɩyɔ siŋŋ, kɛ pɩgbaʋ nɛ kpaɖʋ hiu nɛ loɖo (16) taa mbɩ yɔ. Pɩ-tɩŋgana pɩyɔ nɛ ki-hikuu kʋjɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ, nɛ pɩsɩɣna ɖoŋ ɖoŋ nɛ pɔn̄ɔzʋna-kʋ. Kɩ-n̄ɔɔzʋtʋ ndʋ tiyekina nɛ kɩwɛʋ camɩyɛ mbʋ cɩŋgɩlɩm, kiɖetu ɖaɣnɩ wɛʋ cɔnɔʋ pɩŋŋ.
Nʋmɔʋ sʋsɔʋ yɔɔ lɔɔɖa saya kondoloko nakʋyʋ kpɩtɩnɛ-yɩ pɩnaɣ 1743 pɩkɔ pɩsɩna pɩnaɣ 1747 taa. Roma ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, ŋgʋ kaakɛna kondoloko ŋgʋ kɩkɩla kʋyʋʋ kpeɖem yɔ. Ŋgʋ pakɩlaɣ sɩm kʋkʋyʋmɩŋ yaa ɖalakɩŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa kɛ Roma mba tɛ peɖe.
Gard tɛ Kondoloko ŋgʋ kɩwɛ mbɩ yɔ, yee pewila cee wayɩ tɔm tɔzʋʋ kpom taa kɔyɔ, pana kʋ-tɔm ɖɔɖɔ. Pɛkpɛnda na-kʋ nɛ pakalɩ caanaʋ wondu kpeɣkpe taa. Nɛ pama kondoloko ŋgʋ kɩ-hɩɖɛ kɛ ɛjɛɛ n̄ɩm tɔsʋ cɛŋga UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ yɔ kɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1985 taa.


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Wikipediya
Ɛntɛrnɛtɩ kɩjaŋ www.wikipedia.org taa yasʋʋ, pɩwɩlɩɣ Wikipediyaa hɔɔlɩŋ weyi ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ tɔm maʋ yɔ
Ɛntɛrnɛtɩɖɛɣ weŋga Kɩwɛ ɛbɛ taa sɔnɔ = Kʋɖɔna tʋmɩyɛ labʋ
Wikipediyaa kɛna keŋwadaɣ ansiklopedii tamaɣ nakɛyɛ, pama-kʋ kʋnʋmɩŋ yʋʋʋ taa (Pɩnaɣ 2017 tɛyaɣ kɩmaŋ lɛ, pama-kʋ kʋnʋmɩŋ 299 taa). Kɩ-waɖɛmayaɣ kɛna CC-BY-SA. Jimmy Wales nɛ Larry Sanger palɩzɩna-kʋ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 15 ñɩŋgʋ wiye’e pɩnaɣ 2001 wiki hɩɖɛ taa kɛ wikipedia.org ɖɛɣ taa. Amerika samaɣ ñʋʋyabʋ mɛwɛmandɩyɔɔ ŋgbɛyɛ Wikimedia Foundation, wenɖi ɖɩtɩna Wikipediyaa yɔ, ɖinɖɩ hɛyɩna nɛ paɖʋ wiki’i ɛntɛrnɛtɩ yɔɔ.
Paa anɩ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛsʋʋ Wikipediyaa taa, ɛlɛɣzɩ yaa ɛñɔɔzɩ takayaɣhatʋ tɩŋga. Wikipediyaa kɛna ɛntɛrnɛtɩ ɖɛɣ loɖo ñɩŋga weŋga ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ ka-taa sʋʋ yɔ. Ɛntɛrnɛtɩ tʋma wena akɩlɩɣ naʋ yɔ a-taa lɛ, Wikipediyaa taa ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ wobu nɛ kʋŋgʋ kɩlɩna tɔɔyʋʋ. Lɛlaɣ fenaɣ 2014 taa patɩma kɩ-tɔm lɛ pana se paa fenaɣ weŋga, ɛyaa miliyɔɔwaa 500 wokina Wikipediyaa ɖɛɣ taa. Ɖɛsɩ miliyɔɔwaa 22 wɛna Wikipediyaa yɔɔ. Pɩ-taa’lɛ, ɖɛsɩ 73000 taa ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ tʋmɩyɛ’ɛ labʋ’ʋ ɖoŋɖoŋ kɛ kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa patɩma nɛ pana se pʋmbʋ pɩwɛɛ.
Pɩnaɣ 2001, kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 15 ñɩŋgʋ wiye Jimmy Wales nɛ Larry Sanger palɩza Wikipediyaa. Eŋgilisi taa palɩzɩna-kʋ. Kɛlɛ, Wikipediyaa tʋlɩ kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ talʋʋ nɔnɔsɩ lɛ, kʋnʋmɩŋ yʋʋʋ tɩsʋʋ kɩ-taa. Kʋnʋmɩŋ yʋʋʋ ɩnʋ ɩ-ɖɛsɩ kpaɣ ɖama ɛzɩ ɖomaa yɔ, ɛlɛ wembu paɖʋʋ sɩ-taa yɔ nɛ ajanaa wena palakɩ sɩ-taa yɔ, pɩdɛkpɛndɩ.
Aŋgilisi taa Wikipediyaa pɩsaa kɩwɛɛ Wikipediyaawaa lalaa nasɩlɛ (200) hɛkʋ taa. Ɛlɛ kʋŋgʋ kɩlɩna paɣlʋʋ. Kɩ-taa artikiliwaa ɖɛ 5.5 mɩliyɔɔwaa.


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Kapʊvɛɛrɩ
Kapʊvɛɛrɩ kɛ Afrika tetʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ɖɩwɛna Afrika nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa. Kapʊvɛɛrɩ walanzɩ taa wɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa kutokiŋ naanza yɔ. Kɩwɛ Moriitaanii, Kambii nɛ Seneegaalɩ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa.
Kapʊvɛɛrɩ kɛna tɛtʋ ñabɩ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-pʊ nɛ pɩta yɔ nɛ pɛtɛyʊ-tʊ tam sɔsɔm napʊlɛ taa: hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se îles Sotavento yɔ nɛ ndʊ yɔ Brava, Fogo, Santiago nɛ Maio. Hayʊ kiŋ lɛ, îles Barlavento nɛ Bowa Vista, Sal, São Nicolau, Santa Luzia, São Vicente nɛ Santo Antão.
Tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se Santiyago yɔ tɩ-taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʊ kɛ Kapʊvɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ peeɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ wɛɛ ndʊlɛ Prayiya. Pʊcɔ nɛ keteŋa yɔɔ yɛlɩya mba palɩna Pɔɔrtiigaalɩ powolo peeɖe pɩnaɣ 1456 lɛ, ɛyaa taawɛɛ tɛtʊ ñabɩ ñabɩ ndʊ taa. Kapʊvɛɛrɩ taa kɛ ɛyaa tɩŋgaɣna nɛ pakpaɣa ɛyaa nɛ ɖɔŋ nɛ papɩsɩɣ wɛ yoma powokina-wɛ Amerika lɛ.
Sɔdɩŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩ woba peeɖe alɩwaatʊ natʊyʊ taa nɛ ɩ-taa kɔyɔ: Francis Drake pɩnaɣ 1580 taa, Charles Darwin kɛ pɩnaɣ 1832 taa. Pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ nɛɛlɛ taa ñɔɔsɩ sɔsɔsɩ nasɩyɛ lɩ peeɖe nɛ pɩkʊ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ. Kapʊvɛɛrɩ mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1975 nɛ pɩsɩŋa lɛ, kɩwɛɛ CEDEAO taa.


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Maarɩ
Maarɩ Maaɖɩ kɛna Juda tʊ. ƐkɛYeesuu Nazaɖɛtɩtʋɖo. Katolika kɩɖɩsɩtʋ samaɣ ŋgbɛ cɛlʋʋ samtʋ siŋŋ kɛ pɛlɔ Maaɖɩ yeesu ɖo. Pʋyɔɔ paya-ɩ hɩlandɩndɩ size Maaɖɩ nazaɖɛtɩ tʋ, Maaɖɩ kelekele tʋ, Kɩpaɣlʋ ɖo.
Ɛzɩɩ ɛ-pɩyalʋ yeesuu yɔ, paapɩzʋʋ pama keeke kɛ pɛwɛtʋ nɛ pewezuu caʋʋ.Takayasɩ nzɩ payaɣ sɩ-tɛ taɣma yɔ sɩ-taa pama pɛlɔ Maarɩyanɛ ɛ-pɩyalʋ pɔ-tɔm natʋyʋ natʋyʋ kɛ ɖooo caanaʋ taa.
Ɖo-ɖoo pɛlɔ Maaɖɩ yeesuu ɖo kɛna katolika kɩɖɩsɩtʋ mba ŋgbɛyɛ kɛ pa-kɩlaʋ laʋ tɛ pɩyʋ keem. Ɛsɔtɔm tɛ lɩmaɣza tɩŋgɩyaa ndɩ ndɩ wɛɛ paakpakʋ pɛlɔ Maaɖɩ yeesu ɖo size ɛkɛ pɩyʋʋ. Paaɖʋʋyɩ lɩm ɛzɩ katolika ŋgbɛyɛ mba yɔ. Pɩtɛ kɩɖɩsɩtʋ mba yɔ evangelika mba, nɛ asamblee mba, nɛ lɛɛba ndɩ ndɩ.


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Igbo kʊnʊŋ
Igbo kʊnʊŋ, Igbo taa lɛ, Asusu Igbo, kɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ Naajeeriya keeke yɔ. Ɛyaa mba pɔyɔɔdʊʊ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ yɔ patala ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa nɛɛlɛ pɩtalɩ hɩŋ naatozo nɛ kɩgbanzɩ. Igbo wɛ keeke Naajeeriya nɛ haɖɛ wɩsi ɖʊɖʊyɛ taa kɩŋ, Biafra kɩbɩnʊʊ nɛ Naajeeriya Haɖɛ haɖɛ hɔɔlɩŋ taa, kacalaɣ lɛ, Niger pɔɔ handala fɛɛʊ ageeta taa, Pata ɖɔɖɔ kɛlɛ Agbor handala fɛɛʊ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Rivers ɛjaɖɛ taa ndɩ payaɣ se Harcourt Teŋgʊ.
Pamaɣ Igbo kʊnʊŋ nɛ Latɛŋ maʊ kpata tɛ masɩ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ nsibidi tɛ masɩ, nzɩ Ekpe ŋgbɛyɛ lakɩna nɛ tʊmɩyɛ. Igbo kʊnʊŋ wɛna nɔɔ kʊyʊʊ tɛ keɖeɣa camɩyɛ. Yɔɔdɔɔsɩ talɩ mɩnɩʊ nɛ Igbo waa kʊnʊmɩŋ ɖɔɔ coɣ nɛ ɛ-tɛ ɖama tɛ nɩʊ wɛ ɖama taa nɛ Igbo kʊnʊŋ ɛzɩ Ikwere nɛ Enuani yaa Ekpeye yɔɔdɔɣ.
Pama Igbo kʊnʊŋ nɛ Latɛnɩ masɩ nɛ pɔsɔzɩ masɩ lɛɛsɩ kɩsɔzʊʊ. Palabɩna tʊmɩyɛ nɛ matʊ sakɩyɛ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1961 pagbaɣ wayi wayi matʊ kɩkɛdɩnatʊ nɛ onwu ŋgbɛ pɔza mbʊ nɛ.


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Koliisee
Koliisee kɛna samaɣ kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ aleɣya ɖɩlaɖɛ, ŋgʋ paya-kʋ se tendema kpaŋ sʋsɔʋ ovoiidi(ovoïde) yɔ. Kɩwɛna Roma ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʋʋ nɛ hɛkʋʋ tɛtʋ taa kiŋ. Nɛ Esquilin nɛ Cælius pa-ɛjɛɛ hɛkʋʋ nɛ hɛkʋʋ. Kuduyuu kʋnɛ yɔ, kɩpaɣlɩ siŋŋ ɛzɩma yɔ, wiɖiye patana pana matʋ ndʋ. Patana taa mayaa matʋ sʋsɔtʋ ndʋ Roma mba tɛ peɖe.
Kɩmatʋ nɛ yem wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kiŋ nɛ Roma mba ɖigbeeɣliye tɛ. papaɣza kʋʋ maʋ kɛ pɩnaɣ hiŋ lʋbɛ (70) nɛ pɩnaɣ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ naalɛ (72) pɛ-hɛkʋʋ taa kɛ Jesu Kɩrɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Alɩwaatɩ ndʋ tɩ-taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ kewiya lone taa caɣyʋʋ wiyau sʋsɔ kaakɛ Vespasien. Nɛ ɛnʋ kaahana nɔɔ nɛ pabazɩ matʋ sʋsɔtʋ tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ yɔ.
Ɖɩɖɔkɩ ɖɔɖɔ size kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ Koliisee kʋnɛ yɔ, maya kɩmatʋ tɛŋga pɩnaɣ hiŋ lutozo wayɩ kɛ wiyau sʋsɔ Titus ɖoŋ taa. Ɛnʋ kaalɛɣzana wiyau sʋsɔ kɩbɩnʋ Vespasien kɛ kewiya kpelaɣ yɔɔ. Lɛɣzɩtʋ lɛɛtʋ n̄alaba ɖɔdɔ kɛ, wiyau sʋsɔ lɛlʋʋ weyi paya ɛlɛ se Domitien yɔ, ɛlɛ tɛ n̄azɩtʋʋ kewiya yɔɔ tɛ alɩwaatʋ taa.
Domitien caɣ kiwiya kpelaɣ yɔ pɩnaɣ 81 pɩkɔ pɩsɩna pɩnaɣ 96 taa. Hɩɖɛ amphithéâtre Flavien lɩna hɔʋʋ ŋgʋ paya kʋ size Flavii kɩ-taa. Hɩɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩlɩna awiya sʋsɔ naalɛ panɛ pɔcɔlɔ. mba yɔ Vespasien nɛ Titus. Kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ kʋnɛ, kɩ-pɩzʋʋ kɩ-mʋ kɩ-taa samaɣ ŋga yɔ, ka-talɩɣ kudokiŋ nɩɩnɩwa yaa kudokiŋ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ kagbanzɩ mbɩ yɔ.
Kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ Koliisee kʋnɛ,kɩ-waza siŋŋ. Kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩ-tɛɛ palakaɣkɛ aleɣya sakɩyɛ. Nɛ naɣyɛ kɔyɔ: Venationes waa(tɛtɛ kpɩna you), nɛ munera waa(gladiateurs waa you) nɛ pɩtasɩna egeetiye taa aleɣya sʋsɔna lɛɣna sakɩyɛ.
Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ, mba pahʋʋ pɔtɔm nɛ pɩwɛɛ size pamʋna sɩm kɔyɔ yɔɔ yɔ, kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩ-tɛɛ palakaɣ sɔnzɩ nzɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Palaba kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ Koliisee kʋnɛ kɩ-tɛɛ tʋmɩyɛ pɩtalaɣ pɩnzɩ taŋga(500) mbɩ yɔ. Wayɩ wayɩ aleɣya wena pɛtɛzanaa yɔ, alɩwaatʋ woba pɩtalɩ kpaɖʋ 6 taa kɛ mbɩ yɔ.


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Sahara Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ
Sahara Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ kɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 266 000 km2 yɔ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Afrika nɛ hayi kiŋ. Ajɛya wena acɔ-ɖɩ nɛ ata yɔ ɑnɑ yɔ: hayi kiŋlɛ, Maarɔkɩ, hayi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Alizeerii, piyele kpaɣ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ taa nɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Moritanii ɛjaɖɛ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩwɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Atɩlantiki, wɛna.
Sahara Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ yem kpo, nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se ONU yɔ ɖɩtɔŋ size ɖɩfɛyɩna ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ paɣtʊ natʊyʊ kpaɣ ɖooo Ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ waa kʊyʊʊ peeɖɛ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1976 yɔ.
Sahara Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩɩkɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ Ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ kpacayaɣ yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-yɔɔ you nakʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ kɩɩtɛŋ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ Maarɔkɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Araabʊ Sarawii poyou nɛ lɛlʊ se ɛnʊ tɩna, lɛlʊ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛnʊ tɩna. Alɩzeerii ɛjaɖɛ ñaɖʊ ɖɩnɔɔ ɛlɛ ɖɩtɩnɩɣ Maarɔkɩ ɛɨaɖɛ yɔɔ kɛnɛ. Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1991 lɛ, Maarɔkɩ ɛjaɖɛ kandɩɣ Sahara Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ ɛzɩ hiuwaa litoozo mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ yɔ.


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Hɔŋkɔŋ
Hɔŋkɔŋ kɛna Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ nɛ peeɖe kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʋ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Hɔŋkɔŋ tɔbʋʋ kɛlɛ se sɔzɩŋ kidiiliŋ. Pɔcɔnaa siŋŋ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2015 taa lɛ, tɛtʋ tʋnɛ tɩ-taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ kpadɩyʋʋ kɛ keteŋa kpeekpe taa. Tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ tʋnɛ tɩwɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taakiŋ nɛ Siini lɩŋgamʋʋ ŋgʋ paya se Mer méridionale yɔ kɩwɛ tɛtʋ tʋnɛ tɩ-cɔlɔ kpam.
Keteŋa kpeekpe taalɛ Niyuu Yɔrɩkɩ nɛ Lɔndrɩ wayɩ lɛ, Hɔŋkɔŋ tɛtʋ tɩŋʋna tɔsʋʋ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu tɔm taa. Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ tɛtʋ tʋnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 7 234 800 nɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa makɩɣna 1 104 km2. Payaɣ tɛtʋ tʋnɛ tɩ-taa tɔm hʋyʋ sɔsɔ tɛ takayaɣ taa mayʋ se Paul Chan Mo-po Rimsky Yuen. Tɛtʋ tʋnɛ tɩ-taa kʋnʋmɩŋ weyi pɔyɔɔdɩɣ komina tʋma taa nɛ pawɩlɩɣ-ɩ sukulinaa taa yɔ, ɩnʋ lɛ Englɩsɩɩ nɛ


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Kabɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ
Kabɩyɛ kɛ gur kʊnʊŋ nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ keekee Togo nɛ Hayi kiŋ. Kɩ-kɛ kabɩyɛ samaɣ mba kʊnʊŋ. Kpaɣna kpaɖʊ 20 ɖɩnaɣ kɩ-tɛ yɛlʊʊ siŋŋ nɛ Togo hɛkʊ taa nɛ Togo nɛ hadɛ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Kana ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Peenɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa kiŋ.
Loma kpeɣliye kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ cɔlɔ lɛ, peheyi-ɖʊ se ɖɩkpaɣ Togo samaɣ kpeekpe yɔ, ɛyaa mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ lɛ, ɛyaa hiu nɛ naatozo yeke nɩɣna kabɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ. Tɩmʊʊ wɛɖʊ kpɛlɛkɩyʊ, tɩŋɩna SIL ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1998 taa nɛ ɛyɩɣyɩɣ nɛ ɛtɔŋ se mba panɩɣ kabɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ nɛ pɛwɛ Togo ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 700 000 nɛ ɛyaa 30 000 wɛɛ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa. Ɖɩkpaɣ Togo taa pɩnaɣ taa 3,2 mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩsɔzɩ kɔyɔ, ɖɩnɛ lɛ, kabɩyɛ samaɣ talɩɣ miiliyɔɔ 1,2 pɩnaɣ 2014 alɩwaatʊ taa.
Kabɩyɛ kɛ Togo ɛjaɖɛ taa kʊnʊmɩŋ naalɛ weyi palɩzaa se pɛkpɛlɛkɩ ɛ-maʊ nɛ ɛ-yɔɔdʊʊ sukulinaa taa yɔ. Kabɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ nɛ Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ palɩzaa. Togo tɛ sɔnɔ lɩmaɣza paɣtʊ taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ kʊnʊŋ wɩlɩɣ se pakpaza-wɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʊma wena ayeki nɛ ɛyʊ welesi nɛ ɛnɩɣ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ tɔm (raadiyoonaa nɛ televisiyɔɔnaa pawɩlɩɣ-kʊ komina sukulinaa taa nɛ pakpa-kʊ kɔɔlɛzɩ ɖamɩŋ naanza nɛ naadozo kɛ BEPC ɛzɩ kɩtɛkɛ kɩjɛyʊʊ hayɩsʊʊ takayaɣ yɔ.
Papaɣzɩ Kabɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ maʊ pɩnaɣ 193O taa, ɛlɛ, pɩɩkɛ pɩnaɣ 1980 taa ɛjaɖɛ taa kabɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ yɔɔ kandɩyaa ŋgbɛyɛ, nɖɩ pɩsɩna sɔnɔ kabɩyɛ tɔm maʊ paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa ŋgbɛyɛ, kɩkɛ Togo ɛjaɖɛ tɛ samaɣ lɩm ɖʊʊ tɛ piliŋa ŋga kɛkɛdɩna yaa kamaɣ fɛyɩ yɔ.
Pamaɣ kabɩyɛ tɔm nɛ Romanɩ masɩ kɩñɔɔzɩsɩ. Masɩ tʊzʊʊ lɩna Afrika maʊ kpata kɩtʊzɩnaʊ yɔɔ. Matʊ lɛɛzʊtʊ kɩbandʊ Fada sɔsɔ Adjola Raphael ñɔzɩna nɛ ɛwɩlɩ nɛ palakɩna-tʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ŋgbɛyɛ Katoliki mba hɛkʊ taa.
Kabɩyɛ maʋÑɔɔzɩ
Pɩnaɣ 1930 kabɩyɛ maʋ pazaa. Anasaayɩnaa cɛbɩna kɩjɛkʋ nɛ pama masɩkpɛlɛkʋʋtakayaɣ. 1932’lɛ, Fada Antoine BRUNGARD, lɩzɩ kɔɔnɔɔ masɩ kpɛlɛkʋʋ takayaɣ. Kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1960 lɛ, Togo Kewiyaɣ maɣmaɣ kpaɣ kʋnʋmɩŋ tɔm nesi naalɛ. Wɩlʋʋ nɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ minisinaa labɩ ɛsatʋyaa tɔm yɔɔ tɔmɖonaataa tazʋʋ kediizaɣ Teeraŋ (Iranɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa) nɛ paɖʋ tamaɣ ɛsatʋyaa sukuli wɩlʋʋ tɔm yɔɔ lɛ, Togo lɩzɩ kɔmisiyɔ nakʋyʋ nɛ tʋma naayɛ se pala lɩmaɣza nɛ pana se kʋnʋmɩŋ weyi ɩ-taa papɩzɩɣ pala ɛsatʋya asukuli Togo taa. Pʋbʋ taa palɩza Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ Panaɣ nɛ Kabɩyɛ Kʋnʋŋ Panaɣ, palɩzɩ Imprimerie de l’Alphabétisation se kɩwɛɛna Togo kʋnʋmɩŋ maʋminziininaa, kɩlɩzʋʋ Ahʋna nɛ Kabɩyɛ takayɩsɩ ñɩlɩñɩlɩ. Mbʋ pɩɖɔma woɖeyɔɔwoɖeyɔɔ nɛ pʋkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1977 nɛ kʋnʋmɩŋ panzɩ pɩsɩ kɔmiteewaa.
Pɩnaɣ 2011 kiŋ, kawiya takayaɣ nakɛyɛ pɩsɩna kɔmiteewaa mba akademiiwaa.
Pɩdɩɩkpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1930 yɔ, pama takayɩsɩ sakɩyɛ ɛyʋ fezuu caɣʋ hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋgɛ taa. Kabɩyɛ ñɩmba mawa, Togo ñɩmba mawa, Ɛyaa kɩkpɛdaa mawa, Anasaayɩnaa mawa. Pama masɩkpɛlɛkʋʋ takayɩsɩ, Ɛsɔtɔm takayɩsɩ, kʋnʋŋ paɣtʋ takayɩsɩ, lakasɩ cɔlʋʋ takayɩsɩ, romaɣwaa, tɔm kpou, akɔnta takayɩsɩ, sɩyansɩ takayɩsɩ, tɔsʋʋ tɔm takayɩsɩ, ppw. Sɔnɔ yɔ, Kabɩyɛ kʋnʋŋ maʋ masɩ wɛ ɔrdinatɛɛrɩ yɔɔ. Kabɩyɛ mɔlaa kɩkpa Ɛntɛrnɛtɩ yɔ. Akademii wɛna Ɛntɛrnɛtɩ ɖɛɣa. Ɖɛɣa ŋga ka-hɩɖɛ yɔ, www.academiekabiye.jimdo.com. Pakalɩɣ-kʋ wilipedia yɔɔ.
Kɛlɛ kaɖɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɛna kabɩyɛ ŋgʋ kɩ-kalʋʋ. Pɛtɛma tɔm ndʋ maʋ yɔ, pɔkɔŋ se pakalɩɣ-tʋ lɛ, pɩwɛ cacarɩɩ. Ɖooo pɩnzɩ sakɩyɛ yɔ, maya, kalɩyaa, ñɩnɩyaa nɛ kpɛlɛkɩyaa, pɛwɛɛtɩɣ-tʋ ɖama, ɛlɛ nɔɔyʋ ɛɛkaŋ ñʋʋ se esiɣ-tʋ kpeŋgbeluu yɔɔ nɛ pɔcɔɔlɩ. Kabɩyɛ Akademii cɔnaa se pɩkɛ kɩjɛyʋʋ se tomiye nɖɩ ɖɩhɛɖɩ. Mbʋ labɩna nɛ kɩpazɩ-pʋ-tɔm yɔɔdʋʋ pɩnaɣ taa kenjemkediizasɩ taa.
Panañaɣʋ wɛɛ. Sukulikɩ tɛzɩŋ nɛ Sukulinaa sɔsaa taa wɩlɩyaa mba pɛwɛ Akademii taa yɔ, palakɩ lɩmaɣza nɔɔ pañɩnɩɣ, pewiliɣ ñɩnɩyaa lalaa takayɩsɩ taa, pewelesiɣ kʋnʋŋ tʋmɩyɛ labɩnɩyaa, panɩɣ samaɣ taa ɛyaa nɔsɩ taa tɔm, nɛ pakpakɩɣ pɩ-tɩŋgɛ palakɩna tʋmɩye. Akademiidaa ñɩmba cɔɔlʋʋ ñɩnɩyaa tɔm taa yasʋʋ lɛ, pɔɖɔkʋʋ ndʋ tɩmaɣ-wɛ yɔ nɛ pɛɖɛɣba ɛsɩndaa.
Akademii ɖɔkʋʋ ndʋ se pɩsɩna kabɩyɛ kalʋʋ, nabɛyɛ naɣ-tʋ lɛ, tɩkalʋʋ tamalɩna pɔ-nɔsɩ, ti-welesuu tamalɩna pa-nɩŋgbaŋgɩŋ. Ɛlɛ, tɩsɩɣna nɛ kalʋʋ wɛɛ kɛlɛʋ nɛ tɔm taa nɩʋ ñala ɖɔɖɔ tobi. Pʋ-yɔɔ lɛ, paa weyi, kabɩyɛ ɛsɩndaa woninaʋ lɩmaɣza ɩwɛɛ ɛ-ñʋʋ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɛɣna ɛsɩndaa, wondu kɩvatʋ lɩɣ, lɩmaɣza kɩfana ñɔʋ. Pʋmʋnaa se kʋnʋŋ ɛwɛɛ kpegbeka, kɩfam ɛdaaɖɛɛ kɩ-yɔɔ, ɛlɛ kɩwɛɛ kɩfam mbʋ pɩ-wayɩ kpam nɛ kɩ-nandʋ taa hɛɖɩ. Kʋnʋŋ ŋgʋ kɩpɩsɩɣna kɩdɩ kɩ-pɔɔyʋʋ taa yɔ, kɩsɩkɩ. Yee kiyebi kɩ-nandʋ taa, helim fɛtɩɣ-kʋ, kɩpaɣlɩ paɣlaka sɔsɔɔ, nɛ ɛyaa sɔɔlʋʋ-kʋ sɔɔlʋʋ yɔɔ. Ɖɩnɛ pɔtɔŋ se kʋnʋŋ wɛ kpegbeka. Kolokaɣ ŋga ka-taa kabɩyɛ kʋnʋŋ wɛɛ, kɩcaɣ se kɩkɛ ɛɖɩɣyɛ. Kɩhɛɖɩ kɩ-kalʋʋ kaɖɛtoma se piɛena-kʋ.


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Ɛsɔ
Yuuda n̄ɩma n̄ayaɣ-ɩ se «YHWH nɛ Elohim». Krɩstʊ wayɩ tɩŋɩyaa ŋgbɛyɛ taa n̄ɩma n̄ayaa-ɩ se «Trinitaa kiɖeɖeu». Iizilaam ŋgbɛyɛ taa n̄ɩma n̄ayaa-ɩ se «Allah». Zoroaste ŋgbɛyɛ taa n̄ɩma n̄ayaa-ɩ se «Ahura Mazdâ».
Ɛsɔ kɛ Ɖoŋ sɔsɔŋ weyi ɛlaba kedeŋa nɛ eɖiyiɣ-kɛ yɔ. Ɛsɔ kɛ mbʊ pɩkpaɖa pɩtɩŋa payɩ yɔ. Ɛnʊ wɛna pɩtɩŋa payɩ pʊ- n̄ʊʊ yɔɔ. Ɛ-yɔɔ pɩtɩŋɛ pʊwɛɛ. Ɛkɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe Ɛsɔ. Ɛnʊ lɩzɩna pɩtɩŋa. Ɛnʊ tɩna pɩtɩŋa. Ɛ-cɔlɔ tɩlɩtʊ tɩŋa lɩɣna. Ɛ-cɔlɔ lɔŋ kpeekpe lɩɣna. Ɛnʊ yakɩna ɛjaɖɛ n̄ʊʊ. Ɛsɔ paŋ ɛ-tɩ wɩlʊʊ kpaɣ ɖooo caanaʊ alɩwaatʊ nɛ pʊkɔɔ pɩsɩɩnɩ lɛɛlɛyɔ alɩwaatʊ taa. Ɛlɛ, ndɔnjɔɔlɩyɛ wɛ kpaɣ ɖooo ɛjaɖɛ kiɖe tɛɛ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩnɩ sɔnɔ Ɛsɔ yɔɔ. Nabɛyɛ tɔŋ se Ɛsɔ fɛyɩ. Lɛlaa se ɛwɛɛ. Mba pɔtɔŋ se Ɛsɔ wɛɛ yɔ, petisaa se eɖeke koŋ kɛlɛ Ɛsɔ. Se Ɛsɔ nɔɔyʊ tatasɩ wɛʊ nɛ pɩtasɩna-ɩ. Mba seɣtiɣna ɛyaa se pɛwɛɛna lidaʊ kɛ Ɛsɔ yɔɔ nɛ pehiɣ n̂ʊʊ yabʊtʊ. Ɛlɛ, nabɛyɛ n̂ɛwɛɛ kpem nɛ pɔtɔŋ se ɖoŋ nɩɩyɛ fɛyɩ nɛ payaɣ-ɩ se Ɛsɔ. Se kedeŋa lɩ ka-tɩ yɔɔ yem.
Toovenum lɛ, hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ taa pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Ɛsɔ tɔm pɩtɩɩfɛyɩ. Pɔyɔɔdʊʊ ɛ-tɔm paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-sɔnzɩ taa. Pɔyɔɔdɩ ɛ-tɔm paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-ɛza kuliye nʊmɔʊ taa. Payaɣ ɛ-hɩɖɛ hendu teu taa. Pɔyɔɔdɩ ɛ-tɔ sakɩyɛ takayɩ maʊ nʊmɔʊ taa. Pɔyɔɔdʊʊ ɛ-tɔm sakɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm waa cɔnaʊ nʊmɔʊ taa. Pɔyɔɔdʊ ɛ-tɔm tɔlɩm ndɩ ndɩ taʊ nɔmɔʊ taa ; kɔzɩ kɔzɩ nesi tɛɛ tʊma labʊ nʊmɔʊ taa. Tobi taa se pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Ɛsɔ tɔm hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa payɩ taa. Ɛlɛ, paa mba pakpakɩɣ Ɛsɔ se ɛkɛ mbʊ yɔ, pʊwɛ ndɩ nɛ mbʊ lɛlaa n̄ɔtɔŋ se ɛkɛwa yɔ. Pɩtɩŋa mbʊ yɔ, pɩlɩɣna paa mba lɛ pe-tisim cɔlɔ yaa pɛ-Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ wɩlɩɣ-wɛ ndʊ tɩ-cɔlɔ.


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Nimviɖe
Ɛyʊ tɛ lɛ, nimviɖe kɛna nesi tɛ hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkpaɣna noŋgoloŋa nɛ pɩsɩɩna hamʊʊ yɔ. Ɛlɛ yee pɩkɛ tɛtɛ kpɩnɛ tɛɛ yɔ, nimviɖe kɛŋna hamʊ tɛ hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkpaɣna ɛcɩɖɛ nɛ pɩsɩɩna hamʊ yɔ. Paa ɛyʊ tɛ yaa tɛtɛ kpɩnɛ tɛ yɔ, nimvela naalɛ wɛna: lɩmɩyɛ nimviɖe nɛ nesi kɩpanzɩ ñɩŋɖɛ.
Ɛyʊ nesi wɛna hɔɔlɩŋ naatozo: nimviɖe, nɛŋgbɛŋga nɛ nandaka. Noŋgoloŋga tamna nɛŋgbɛŋga nɛ nimviɖe, nesi ajɔɔ ñɛwɛna avnt-bras nɛ nandaka pɛhɛkʊ taa. Hɔɔlɩŋ niitozo ɩnʊ ɩ-taa payɩ lɛ, nimviɖe kɩlana kpeetʊʊ. Nimviɖe kpeetaa, ɛlɛ, nɛŋgbɛŋga kɩlɩna ɖaalʊʊ.
Ɛyʊ wɛʊ toma taa ɖɔŋ siŋŋ yɔ, pɩlɩna ɛzɩma ɛ-mɔɔ cɛyaa yɔ; pɩkɩlɩna e-nimviɖe taa ɖoŋ. Nimviɖe taa ɖoŋ kɩla wɛʊ ɛyʊ nesi hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋga taa. Ɛyʊ pɩzʊʊ nɛ ɛɖɔŋ yaa eseu yɔ, pɩlɩna e-nesi fiiduu yɔɔ.
Ɛyʊ nesɩ wɛna hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ ɛ-taa kɔyɔ: hamʊ, nimviɖe, noŋgoloŋga, nɛŋgbɛŋga, nesi ajɔɔ taa, nɛ nandaka.
Hamʊʊ taa wɛ mɔɔ sɔsɔna naatozo. Nimviɖe taa ñɛwɛna mɔɔyɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ kpayɩ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se peeɖe ɖɔdɔ tomnaɣ nandʊ kɩla wɛʊ kɛ nesi yɔɔ, piyele noŋgoloŋga ñɛwɛna nimviɖe nɛ nɛŋgbɛŋga pɛhɛkʊ taa; noŋgoloŋga ŋga, kɔyɔɔ kɛ ɛyʊ pɩzʊ ekoti yaa eposi e-nesi. Nɛŋgbɛŋga taa nɛ mɔɔ sɔsɔna naalɛ. Nesi ajɔɔ taa peeɖe wɛna wazaɣ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ noŋgoloŋga yɔ; pʊtɔbʊʊ se nesi ajɔɔ yekina nɛ nɛŋgbɛŋga nɛ nandaka pɔcɔʊ nɛ ɛyʊ pɩzʊ ɛlakɩ ɛ-tɔma; pɩkazɩ nɛ nandaka yɔɔ kɛ nee kagbaanzɩ wɛɛ. Paatɔŋ se mbʊ paale pɩwɛɛ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, nabayɩ wɛna nee pɩɖɛɛ kagbaanzɩ yɔɔ yaa pɩtatalɩ mbʊ.


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Ski
Ski kɛ aleɣya wena ɛyʋ tuu ɖombe naataŋgbala yɔɔ kutuu yɔ. Naataŋgbala wena etuu a-yɔɔ yɔ, a-tɛɛ nɛ ketu pɔpɔɖɛ lʋʋ lʋʋ nɛ pɩmakɩɣna weyi ɛlakɩ-yɛ nɛ aleɣya yɔ ɛ-nataŋ ɖalakɩŋ. Ɖooo lɔŋ pasɩma aleɣya anɛ yɔ a-labʋ.
Pɩtɛkɛ paa le palakɩ aleɣya anɛ yɔ. Papazɩ aleɣya anɛ yɔ labʋ anasaayɩ waa tɛ kiŋ pʋŋ n̄ɔŋ taa kpaɖʋʋ 19 n̄ɩŋgʋ taa ɖomba ɖɩwɛyɛ ɖɩwɛyɛ. Nɛ pʋpɔzʋʋ se lɩm ɛtɔyɩ lona ana a-taa. Ski amʋʋza anɛ yɔ, papɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ palabɩ-yɛ lona wena wena a-yɔɔ tuu yɔ a-taa nɛ lona ana, awɛ camɩyɛ, yee lɩm yɔɔ pɔtɔŋ se nɔtiki yɔɔ tuu. Pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ kaaʋ yɔɔ yaa loniye nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ kpilaa se papɩzɩɣ pepilimi ɖɩ-yɔɔ yɔ. Ski amʋʋza anɛ yɔ, papazɩ-yɛ labʋ ɖooo lɔŋ. Pakpaɣ-yɛ ɛzɩ wazaɣ pʋyʋ siŋŋ yɔ ɛyʋ weziu caɣʋ taa. Asɩɣna ɛyʋ size ewolo ɖenɖe ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ, ɛtaaɖɔ kʋɖɔm yaa ɛtaasʋʋ lɔɔɖɩyɛ yaa ɛcaɣ kpokpo. Ɛyʋ weyi etuu mbʋ yɔ, ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛɖɔkɩ pʋyʋ yaa etuu pʋyʋ nɛ ewona ɖoli. Amʋʋza anɛ yɔ atɔya lɛɛlɛɛyɔ yem ajɛɛ sakɩyɛ taa.


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Niwujɛrsii
Niwujɛrsii kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ.
Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩcɔ ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ nɛ tɩta yɔ ndʊ yɔ: wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ lɛ Pɛnsilvaanii nɛ Telawaari, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Atlantikii Lɩŋamʋʋ, piyele nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Niwu Yɔrkɩ. Niwujɛrsii taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Drayton nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ. nɛ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ yɔ ndʊ lɛ Newark.
Pamaza Niwujɛrsii ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 22 608 km2 nɛ ɖenɖe tɛtʊ ñabɩ wɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 19 231 km2 yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe lɩm ñɛwɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe ñɛwɛʊ ɛzɩ 3 378 km2 yɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 14,90 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛŋna 45 ñɩnɖɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Etazuunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ kpeekpe taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ naatozo ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsʊ Etaazunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 18 ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1787. Pɩnaɣ 2010 taa paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 8 791 894 yɔ.
Payaɣ Niwujɛrsii ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ se Phil Murphy (D), piyele nɛ komina ñʊndinaa kɔyɔ: Cory Booker (D), Robert Menendez (D).
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ yɔ Eŋgilisi Ɛlɛ siŋŋŋ taa lɛ, komina maɣmaɣ tatɩɩ hada nɔɔ camɩyɛ se aŋgilisi kɛŋna kɩ-kʊnʊŋ.


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Aleɣya (Jeu)
Aleɣya kɛna ɛyʋ tomnaɣ taa leleŋ n̄ɩnʋʋ lakasɩ tʋmɩyɛ. Aleɣya wɛna tɔbɩŋ nɩʋ ndɩ ndɩ. Papɩzɩɣ pɔtɔ size aleɣya kɛna tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ palakɩ-ɖɩ tomnaɣ taa nɛ n̄ʋʋ maɣzɩm taa yɔ.
Aleɣya nɩɣ ɛyʋ tomnaɣ pɩŋŋ. Akɛdɩɣna ɛyʋ pɩŋŋ atɛ awɩzɩ ɖɔɖɔ pɩŋŋ. Tɔbʋʋ se weyi pawakɩ-ɩ aleɣya taa yɔ, ɛ-taa ɛɛlakɩ leleŋ, pɩwɩzɩ-ɩ kɩwɩzʋ. Piyele weyi ɛlɛ waba aleɣya ana a-taa yɔ, ɛlɛ taa yɔ, pɩkɛdɩnɩ ɛlɛ kɩkɛdɩnaʋ. Ɛyaa naalɛ pɩzɩɣ pala aleɣya. Ɛyʋ kʋɖʋm koŋ pɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ ɛla aleɣya pɩlɩɩna mbʋ ɛñɩnɩɣ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ.
Paa aleɣya wena a-taa lɛ, waɖaa wɛɛ nɛ lesiyaa ɖɔɖɔ n̄ɛwɛɛ. Aleɣya wɛ leleŋ kamaɣ fɛyɩ. Aɖʋ hʋnʋm ɛyʋ tomnaɣ. Ahɛdɩɣ ɛyʋ fiteɣnim taa camɩyɛ kpayɩ kpayɩ. Akɔŋna waɖʋ laŋhʋlʋmɩyɛ nɛ taa leleŋ. Ɛlɛ, ɛyʋ kaɖɩɣ ɛ-taa siŋŋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛpɩzɩ ɛla aleɣya naayɛ.
Toovenum lɛ, pʋcɔ ɛyʋ ɖʋ ɛ-taa size ɛlakɩ aleɣya naayɛ lɛ, pʋwɛɛ size, ɛɖʋ ɛ-ñʋʋ taa size ɛpɩzɩ elesi, tɔbʋʋ se papɩzɩ pawabɩ-ɩ aleɣya ana a-taa. Paa mbʋʋ yɔ, aleɣya laɖʋ ɛɛtɔŋ ɛ-tɩ size ewoki lesuu yaa ewoki se pawabɩ-ɩ nɛ pʋcɔ ewolo. Nabʋyʋ taa kɔyɔ, aleɣya yeki nɛ ɛyʋ lesi e-hoɖe nɛ ɛ-n̄ɩm caɣcaɣ, ɛlɛ etehiɣ pʋyʋ yaa pɩtawazɩ-ɩ pʋyʋ.
Nabɛyɩ ñalakɩ aleɣya size panɩɩ leleŋ kɩnɩʋ. Paa pawabɩ-wɛ, ŋhiŋŋ piihehiɣ-wɛ natʋyʋ. Mbʋ yɔ, aleɣya haɣ woŋga, akɔŋna taa leleŋ. Lɛlaa ñalakɩ size pehiɣ kɛzɛɣa nakɛyɛ aleɣya ana a-taa. Paba ñekpiɖiɣna alɩwaatʋ ndʋ pawakɩ-wɛ yɔ. Halɩ nabɛyɛ ñatʋlʋʋ nɔsɩ peyeki. Ɛyʋ tɩlɩtʋ ñɩnɩyaa, filozɔɔfʋ waa ñɔtɔ size aleɣya kɛ tɔm sɔsɔtʋ siŋŋ kedeŋa yɔɔ n̄ɩma.


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Pɩrazaviili
Pɩrazaviili kɛŋna Kɔŋgo ɛjaɖɛ taatɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa politiki nɛ komina tʊma sʊsɔna wɛɛ yɔ. Pɩrazaviili kaakɛŋna Fransɩɩ ŋgʊ kɩɩwɛ kɩ-tɩyɔɔ yɔ kɩ-tɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ Kɔŋgo ɛjaɖɛ taa ɖooo alɩwaatʊ ndʊ keteŋa kpeekpe you naalɛ ŋgʊ kaalɩwa yɔ, ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛna pɩnzɩ 1940 nɛ 1942 taa. Pɩrazaviili tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Koŋgo ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ ɛlɛ pɩwɛ Koŋgo Pɔɔ cɔlɔ kpam; Kɩnsasa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ɛsɩndaa.
Tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩñɔ aloma fenaɣ naatozo wiye pɩnaɣ 1880 kɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ payawaɣ se Nkuna yɔ tɩ-loniye taa. Hɩɖɛ ɖɩlɩna ñɩnɩyʊ nɛ ɛsɩyɛ egbena-tʊ weyi ɛkɛ Itali ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyʊ nɛ ɛlakɩ tʊmɩyɛ kɛ Fransɩɩ hɩɖɛ taaa yɔ nɛ payaɣ se Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza yɔ. Pɩrazaviili tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 2007 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa payɩ lɛ paakpɛnda ɛyaa 1 373 382. Ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2015 ɖeɖe taa patasa ɛyaa mba kalɩɣ lɛ, palɩ ɛyaa 1 696 392.
Pɩrazaviili tɛtʊ taa kʊnɔŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Lari ɛlɛ pɛtɛkɛ ŋgʊ pakpaɣ se komina tʊma taa nɛ sukulinaa taa kʊnʊŋ. Mbʊ pɩlaba sɩŋŋŋ yɔ lɛ se ɖooo pɩnzɩ 1880 taa kɛ aseɣla tɩnaa nabɛyɩ nɛ kpaɣ pɔɖɔkɩ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ payawaɣ nɛ Pɩrazaviili yɔ. Pɩɩkɛna kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se Teke yɔ kɩ-taa se Ŋkʊna ŋgʊ Lari taa lɛ pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ payaɣ; paba ñayaɣ se Mavula. Pʊyɔɔ yɔ kɛ pakpaɣ Teke se kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʊ yɔ. Komina tʊma taa nɛ sukulinaa taa kʊnʊmɩŋ kɔyɔ: faransɩ, kituba, liŋgala nɛ teke. Payaɣ Pɩrazaviili tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ se Benoît Moundélé-Ngolo.


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Wɛɛ kɩfana yaa alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ (Renaissance)
Wɛɛ kɩfana yaa lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ pɩkɛ alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ wɛɛ ndʊ pɛkpɛnda matʊ alɩwaatʊ nɛ lɔnzɩɖɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ pɩlɩna ɛyʊ yɔɔ nɛ canaʊ taa lɛɛtʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ ndʊ tɩpaɣzɩna Itaali ɖaɣnɩɣ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ yɔ. Ɖɩcɔna nɛ ɖɩnaɣ yɔ ɖaɣnɩɣ lʊlʊʊ alɩwaatʊ hɩɣ pɩtɩ pɩtɩŋna nesi tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ wonduu laɖaa tʊma yɔɔ, mba papɩzaɣ nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ nɛ ɛyaa po-wonduu tɔm yɔ.
Pʊcɔ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ natʊyʊ lɩɩ Itaalii tɛtʊ sakɩyɛ taa kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 13 ŋtalɩ 14 alɩwaatʊ (Duecento nɛ Trecento) pɩtalɩ kpaɣɖʊ 15 alɩwaatʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ Itaali hɔlʊʊ sɔsɔʊ taa nɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ taa nɛ ERɔpʊ nɛ Hayi kiŋ hɔɔlɩŋ cikpeŋ nɩɩyɛ taa nɛ Caama ɛzɩ mbʊ ɛyʊ yaɣ se kajalaɣ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ (Quattrocento) nɛ pɩtalɩ Erɔpʊ tɩŋga taa kpaɣɖʊ 16 wɛɛ taa (Cinquecento).
Pɩtɩŋna Jean Delumeau weyi ɛkɛ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɛ tɩlɩyʊ niye mʊyʊ yɔ ɛ-yɔɔ lɛ, ɖɩnɩɣ se lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɔmpiye lɩna Itaali nɛ nesi tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ tʊma laɖaa cɔlɔ kpaɣna kpaɣɖʊ 19 wɛɛ taa (Itaalɩ ɛyaa tɔŋ se sɔnɔ se Rinascimento). Tɔmpiyen lʊlʊʊ kɩfam walɩ wobu yɔɔ wobu yɔɔ.
Tɔmpiye lʊlʊʊ kɩfam ndɩ ɖɩkɛ wɛɛ pɩtɛkɛ se matʊ nɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ wonduu lɛɛzɩɣ kɩfam alɩwaatʊ ndʊ, palaba-tʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ kajalaɣ pɩlɩna Jean-Jacques Ampère pɩnaɣ 1840 taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛkɛdaɣ Fransɩɩ canaʊ matʊ tɔm pʊcɔ kpaɖʊ 12 nɛ pʊwayɩ kɛ Jules Michelet pɩnaɣ 1855 alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛkpaɣ ɛ-tɩ mbilim kpaɣɖʊ 16 taa nɛ ɛyɔɔdʊʊ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɔm pɩlɩna Fransɩɩ yɔɔ yɔ. Tɔmpiye ndɩ Suwiisi nesi tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ tʊma canaʊ tɔm kɛɖɩyʊ ɖaɣnɩ tɔmʊʊ ŋgʊ kpaɣʊ pɩnaɣ 1860 ɛyʊ ɛnʊ lɛ, Jacob Burckhardt (pɩnzɩ 1818 ŋtalɩ 1897) kɛ ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga ɛma pɩlɩna Itaali ɖaɣnɩɣ lʊlʊʊ kɩfam tɔm yɔɔ yɔ.
Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ tɔm kpɛlɛkʊʊ kɛ kɔlɛzɩ ɖaŋ taa Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1942-1943 alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, Fransɩɩ canaʊ tɔm kɛdɩyʊ Lucien Febvre wɩlɩɣ se Jules Michelet labɩna tɔmpiye ndɩ tʊmɩyɛ kɛ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛ-lɩmazaɣ yɔɔ kɛnɛ. Ɖɩnaɣ kɔyɔ Jules Michelet lakaɣ tʊmɩyɛ wɩyaʊ Louis 14 yɔɔ kɛnɛ ŋgʊ pɩwɛyɩ pɔdɔdɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-halʊʊ tɛ sɩm.


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Kaarɔɔtɩ
Kaarɔɔtɩ kɛna tɩŋ tɔɔnaɣ ŋga pahayʊ-kɛ pɩ-tɛɛ lila yɔɔ yɔ. Kaarɔɔtɩ tɛɛ lila ana aɖaɣla lʊʊʊ lʊʊʊ. Papɩzɩɣ pɔtɔɔ kaaɖɔɔtɩ nɛ lɛŋ yaa poɖoŋi nʊm taa yaa ɖɔɖɔ patɩzɩ ɛzɩ patɩzʊʊ hɛɛ yɔ. Kaarɔɔtɩ kʊnɛ kɩlɩʊ sɔzɩŋ kamaɣ fɛyɩ yee poɖɔŋga yaa patɩzaa kɔyɔ. Palakɩ kaaɖɔɔtɩ kɛ nʊm kɩtatam nɛ ɛyʊ ɛtaɣ-pʊ paaɖooye kɔyɔ e-tomnaɣ yɔɔ lɛzʊʊ kpɛdɛ kpɛdɛ nɛ kɛsɛʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ ɛkpɛzɩ kɔ-yɔɔ yɔ.
Ɖozi nzɩ papɩzʊ pɔtɔɔna kaaɖɔɔtɩ ta nɛ pɩwɛɛ camɩyɛ yɔ sɩɖɔɔ nɛ sɩ-taa kɔyɔ: tɩmaatɩ, pesidina num mbʊ ɛyʊ sɔɔlaa yɔ yaa ɖɔm nɛ kpɛɛnzʊʊ. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se paa tɔɔnaɣ ŋga papɩzɩɣ pɛsidi kaarɔɔtɩʊ ka-taa nɛ pɩwɛɛ camɩyɛ. Papɩzɩɣ pasɩɩ kaaɖɔɔtɩ nɛ kileɖi kɩɩwɛɛkʊʊ ɛlɛ pʊtɔpɔzɩ se pasɩɩ-kʊ yem kɔyɔ kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩɖazɩ yaa kɩwɩlɩ. Ɛyʊ ɛsɔɔla-kʊ sɩʊ camɩyɛ kɔyɔ, pɩwɛɛ se ɛsɩɩ-kʊ nikaɣ ŋgbaʊ taa yaa ɛɖʊ kañɩŋga ɖoli lɛ ɛyʊyɩ lim nɛ ehuuzi kabaɣ ŋga payaɣ-kɛ kpotoku yɔ yaa mbʊ pɩkpɩnda camɩyɛ ɛlɛ pʊmʊʊ nikaɣ camɩyɛ yɔ.
Kaarɔɔtɩnaa wɛna tomnasi ndɩ ndɩ: nakʊyʊ kɛ kʊlʊmʊʊ tɩyɛ, nɩɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ ɛwɛ kɩsɛɛmɩm muzulee, nabʊyʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ kaarɔɔtɩnaa nabɛyɛ caaɣ wɛʊ sʊtʊ lɩm yɔ.
Keteŋa kpeekpe taa pɩnaɣ 2004 nɛ pɩsɩɩna 2007 lɛ kaarɔɔtɩnaa mba pahayaa yɔ patalɩʊ tɔɔnɩnaa ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa 23 601 214 yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩnzɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa lɛ, keteŋga kpeekpe taa lɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ pakɩlɩɣ kaarɔɔtɩnaa hayʊ nɛ pɩtɩŋ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ nɛ naatozo ñɩnɖɛ yɔ Etaazunii.


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Payaɣ mbʋ se Google yɔ, pɩkɛ [[Etaazuunii|Amerika]] ñɩma lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Pɩnaɣ 1998 ñɩŋa taa patʋlɩ lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ ńɖɩ. Patʋlɩ-ɖɩ Silicon Valley tɛtʋ taa Californie ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɖajaa Larry Page nɛ Ɖajaa Sergey Brin patʋlɩna-ɖɩ. Pa-naalɛ pulubina Google tɛ ciɣduu ñɩɣyʋʋ.
Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Alphabet yɔ, ńɖɩ cɔŋnana Google lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ yɔɔ kpaɣnɩ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ, pɩnaɣ 2015 ñɩŋa taa nɛ ŋkɔɔ ŋsɩɩna sɔnɔ.
Google ciɣduu ñɩɣyʋʋ wɛ camɩyɛ kamaɣ fɛyɩ, mbʋ yebina nɛ ɛyaa sɔɔlʋ-kʋ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ɛlɛ, lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋma lɛɛna ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ Google ciɣduu ñɩɣyʋʋ nɛ alɛ ñɩna pakaɣyɩɣ ɖama. Lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋma anaa yɔ : AltaVista nɛ Yahoo nɛ Bing.
Pʋwayɩ lɛ, Google tasɩ wɛnaʋ lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ lɛɛtʋ sakɩyɛ nɛ kʋ-tʋma ɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Mbʋ yebina nɛ sɔnɔdaa kɩwɛɛna mbʋ payaɣ se logiciel aaa nɛ sites web waa yɔ sakɩyɛ. Pa-taa kɔyɔ : YouTube nɛ Android nɛ Google Earth nɛ Google Maps.
Google ñɩnɩɣ se tɔm natʋyʋ ɛlaba ɖoli lɛ, kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛpɩzɩ kanɩɩ-tʋ. Ɖajaa Eric Schmidt kɛŋna Google lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋma ñʋʋdʋ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naanza ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 2011 taa. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, Ɖajaa Larry Page lɛɣzɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛ́lɛ pɩsɩ Google tʋma ñʋʋdʋ.
Pɩlɩɩna Google yeki nɛ liidiye nɖɩ ɖɩsʋʋ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ lɛ, kɩpɩsɩ sɔnɔdaa Amerika ñɩma tɛ tʋma kajalaɣ ñɩna taa naɖɩyɛ. Kɩpɩsɩ ɖɔɖɔ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɛ tʋmɩyɛ kajalaɣ ñɩnɖɛ. Pɩnaɣ 2008 ɖɩpaɣzɩyɛ Google tɛ wazaɣ kɛkɛ dollars waa 176 miiliyaarɩ Wall Street taa.
Pɩnaɣ 2014 ñɩŋa taa Best Global Brands ŋgbɛyɛ taka payɩ lɛ, Google lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ kɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe tʋmɩyɛ naalɛ ñɩnɖɛ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ, tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɩlɩɣ kɔnaʋ yaa ɖɩkɩlɩɣ sʋzʋʋ liidiye yɔ, ɖɩ-wayɩ lɛ, Google tʋmɩyɛ tɩŋɩɣna. Pɩnaɣ ŋ́ga ka-taa Google tʋmɩyɛ sʋza liidiye nɖɩ yɔ, ɖɩ-ñʋʋ kɛ dollars waa 107,43 miiliyaarɩ.
Paakɛda lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋma pɩnaɣ 1974 ñɩŋa taa lɛ, Apple lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ kɛɖɛna ɛsɩndaa. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Apple tʋmɩyɛ kɩlaɣna sʋzʋʋ liidiye kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1974 nɛ ŋkɔɔ ŋsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 2014 ñɩŋa taa. Yee ḿbʋ, pɩkɛ kajalaɣ kɔyɔ Google tʋmɩyɛ ɖɛʋ Apple ñɩnɖɛ liidiye sʋzʋʋ nʋmɔʋ taa yɔ. Ɖooo mbʋ yɔ, lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ tasʋzɩda liidiye nɛ pɩɖɛɛ dollars waa miiliyaarɩ waa mɩnɩʋ yɔɔ pɩnaɣ taa. Pɩkɛ kajalaɣ kɔyɔ Google tʋmɩyɛ sʋzʋʋ liidiye nɛ pɩɖɛɛ dollars waa miiliyaarɩ waa mɩnɩʋ yɔɔ yɔ.
Google tʋmɩyɛ ɖɛ Apple ñɩnɖɛ nɔɔ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kajalaɣ kɩyakʋ, pɩnaɣ 2016 taa. Mbʋ yebina nɛ kɩpɩsɩ Etaazuunii kajalaɣ ñɩm. Google ñɩm kɛ dollars waa 550 miiliyaarɩ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖ-taa.
Mba palakɩ Google lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ, patalɩ ɛzɩ ɛyaa 50 000 mbʋ yɔ. Pa-taa sakɩyɛ lakɩ tʋmɩyɛ ńɖɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe Google tʋma ñʋŋ ɖɩlaɖɛ. Google tʋma ñʋŋ ɖɩlaɖɛ payaɣ se Googleplex. Ɖɩwɛ Mountain View tɛtʋ taa Californie ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ, lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ pilinzi kpɛndɩ naanza. Nzɩɩ yɔ : Google nɛ Apple nɛ Facebook nɛ Amazon. Payaɣ lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ pilinzi naanza sɔsɔsɩ sɩnɛ ɖɔɖɔ se GAFA. Google wɛ tʋma wena akɩlɩ wɛnaʋ ɖoŋ ɛntɛɛrɩnɛtɩ yɔɔ yɔ a-taa.
Pɩnaɣ 2006 ñɩŋa taa Google kɛwɛna mbʋ payaɣ se « serveurs’ waa yɔ 400 000. Ɛlɛ, pɩnaɣ 2011 ñɩŋa taa lɛ, kɩwɛɛna-wɛ halɩ pɩɖɛɛ 900 000 yɔɔ. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ, anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʋ mɩnɩʋ yɔɔ lɛ, Google lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ wɛna anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʋ naalɛ. Google tɛyɩ kɩ-anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ sites web waa hiŋ nadozo nɛ naalɛ taa.
Pɩnaɣ 2008 ñɩŋa taa Google ciɣduu ñɩɣyʋʋ wɩla mbʋ payaɣ se pages web waa yɔ, pɩɖɛɛ miiliyaarɩ waa 1000 yɔɔ.


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Yamusokro kɛŋa Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natʊyʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ lɛ
Kotidiivuwari ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, Yamusokro kɛŋna tɛtʊ kagbanzɩ ñɩndʊ kɛ ɛyaa ɖɖoʊ taa. Pʊtɔbʊ se ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛjaa kɩla ɖɔʊ yɔ, ndʊ lɛ: Abɩɩjaŋ, Puwake, Taalowa nɛ Korogo. Kottidiivuwaari ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kpɛnda natʊlɛ: Abɩɩjaŋ tɛtʊ nɛ Yamusokro ñɩndʊ.
Ɖooo lɛ, Abɩɩjnaŋ kaakɛŋna Kotidiivuwaari ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩɩkɛ politiki tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ. Kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1983 lɛ, Yamusokro pɩsɩna politiki nɛ komina tʊma sɔsɔna wɛɛ; piyele nɛ Abɩɩjaŋ kɛna ñɛkɛna tɔsʊʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ.
Ɖooo lɛ, tɛtʊ ndʊ payawaɣ sɔnɔ Yamusokro mbʊ yɔ, payawaɣ-tʊ se Ŋgokro. Payaʊ-tʊ hɩɖɛ kɩfaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ yɔ, tetʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se Pawule yɔ tɩ-tɛ Abiɖe nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Yamoussou yɔ, ɛnʊ paɖʊ hɩɖɛ nɛ payaatʊ nɛ ɖɩ-hɩɖɛ; piyele kro tɔbʊʊ nɛ Pawule kʊnʊŋ taa se haɖaa yaa egeetiye.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛna Kotidiivuwari ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʊ taa ɖeyi ɖeyi nɛ tɩñɔtɩna ɖenɖe payaɣ se payaɣ se Lɩŋgamʊʊ yɔ. Pɩposina Abɩɩjaŋ tɛtʊ nɛ kilomɛtanaa 248 yɔ. Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ñɩnɩɣ se tɩɖʊ taabalɩyɛ nɛ lɛɛna taa ñɩndʊ se paɖʊ taabalɩyɛ nɛ pala tʊma kʊɖʊma yɔ, Yamusokro tɛtʊ nɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa ñɩndʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se Luzaricɛsɩ yɔ nɛ
Payaɣ Yamusokro maalika yɔɔ cɔnayʊ se Gnrangbé Kouakou Kouadio nɛ palɩsa-ɩ pɩnaɣ 2012 nɛ pɩnaɣ 2017 taa kɛ ɛkʊyʊ; e-kpelaɣ yɔɔ nɛ pɛlɛɛzɩ kɩfalʊ.


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Galilée
Lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 15 wiye, pɩnaɣ 1564 n̄ɩŋga taa palʋla Galilée Florensɩ tɛtʋ taa, Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ 8 n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1642 taa ɛsɩba Arcetri tɛtʋ taa. Arcetri tɛtʋ n̄ɔtɩna Florɛnsɩ n̄ɩndʋ kpam.
Galilée laba mbʋ payaɣ se Astronomie nɛ Cinématique nɛ Dynamique nɛ Héliocentrisme nɛ Mécanique yɔ. Galilée lɩzɩna ɛsan̄ɩnɩŋ astronomiki.
N̄ɩnɩyʋʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ payawaɣ se Copernic. Ɛnʋ lɛɣna n̄ɩnʋʋ nɛ ɛna se tɛtʋ cɔʋ tɩ-tɩ yɔɔ. Ɛyɔɔdɩ mbʋ lɛ, pakʋyɩ ɛ-yɔɔ, pɛkpɛzɩna-ɩ halɩ paɖʋ-ɩ sɩm ɛ-tɔm ndʋ tɩ-yɔɔ. Ɛ-sɩm wayɩ lɛ, Galilée tasɩnɩ n̄ɩnʋʋ nɛ ɛna se toovenim lɛ, tɛtʋ cɔʋ tɩ-tɩ yɔɔ.


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Katsushika Hokusai
Katsushika Hokusai kɛ Japɔŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩɣa. Ɛkɛ abalʋ sɔsɔ pasɩmam nɔɔyʋ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ tɩ-taa. Palʋla ɖajaa Katsushika Hokusai Japɔŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa, aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʋ niidozo nɛ kʋɖʋmʋʋ (31) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1760 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Palʋlɩ ɖajaa ɛnɛ yɔ, Edo egeetiye taa. Edo egeetiye nɖɩ payaɣ sɔnɔ se Tokiyo. Japɔŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩɣa kanɛ, kaakɛ pɩɣa lɔŋ n̄ɩŋa siŋŋ ɛ-taabalaa cɔlɔ nɛ samaɣ ɛsɩnda.
Pɩɣa kanɛ, ka-taawɛɛ felendu kaʋ, kaasɔɔla nesi tɛɛ tʋma labʋ ɛzɩ pʋyʋ yɔ. Ɖajaa Katsushika Hokusai sɩba agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu (10) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1849 n̄ɩŋga taa. Pʋcɔ nɛ ɖajaa Hokusai wokina sɔsaa mʋlʋm lɛ, ɛkawɛna pɩnzɩ hiŋ lutozo nɛ nakʋ (89) mbʋ yɔ. Egeetiye nɖɩ payaɣ se Mère Kaei yɔ, ɖɩ-taa ɛsɩba.
Ɖajaa Katsushika Hokusai laba tʋma sakɩyɛ. Ɛ-tʋma ana a-taa naayɛ kɔyɔ : tɔlɩm taʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛta tɔlɩm ndɩ ndɩ kuduyuŋ sɔsɔŋ weeyi yɔ, ɛfɛyɩ kalʋʋ. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ wendu ndɩ ndɩ kɩlɛmɩŋ lɩzɩyʋ nɔɔyʋ kama fɛyɩ. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛlakɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ Japɔŋ samaɣ sɔnɔ tɔm nɛ caanaʋ tɔm takayaɣsɩ maʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Pʋ-yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ sakɩyɛ sɩmɩ-ɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ nɛ pɛɖɛyɩ-ɩ hɩɖɛ se Hokusai. Ɛ-tɛ kɩlɛmɩŋ kɩbaŋ lɩzɩʋ yɔɔ pɛɖɛyɩ-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ size, akpadɩyɛ sɔsɔ kpandʋ kɩlɛmɛŋ lɩzɩyʋ. Ɛ-tʋma wɛ ɖoŋ nɛ awɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ yuŋ samaɣ ɛsɩnda nɛ maɣzɩyaa lalaa cɔlɔ.
Nesi tɛɛ tʋmlaɖaa sɔsaa nɛ keɣsi maɖaa sɔsaa nɛ hendu teyaa sɔsaa taa nabɛyɛ hɩla yɔ : ɖajaa Gauguin, nɛ ɖajaa Vincent Van Gogh, nɛ ɖajaa Claude Monet, nɛ pɩtasɩna ɖajaa Alfred Sisley. Pa-taa payɩ lɛ, ɖajaa Katsushika Hokusai ɖɛna-wɛ nɔɔ.


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Krɛkɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ kʊnʊŋ
Krɛkɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ caanaʊ tɔm kɛna Krɛsɩ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩɩwɛ kpaɖʊ naakʊ nɛ ntalɩ kpaɖʊ naanza pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu-Chrɩstʊ.
Kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ, yɔɔdasɩɩ kɔɖɔ sakɩyɛ, nɛ pekpeelɩ-sɩ lona naanza. Arcadochypriote nɛ Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa (Occidental) nɛ éolien nɛ ionien-attikii waa. Krɛsɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔɔdaɣ fɛyɩna tɔbʊʊ nɩʊ sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ pacaɣ se pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ lɛ pɩkɩtɩ nɛ wɛ ageeda taa kʊnʊmɩŋ kɩbɩŋ yɔɔ. Tɔm kɛdʊ taa lɛ, Krɛsɩ kɩbɩnɩʊ lɩzɩʊ Attikii, kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ ionien-attikii mba yɔɔdʊʊ yɔɔ, kɩkɛ Atɛnɩ kɩbɩnɩʊ kʊŋʊŋ.
Kɩkɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa pamana sakɩyɛ krɛsɩ yɔɔlɩɩ masɩ. Helllénistikii alʊwaatʊ taa nɛ Hellénofɔnɩ ɛyaa tɛ ɖama siduu yele nɛ koinè pɩsɩ ɖama tɛ kʊnʊŋ. Koinɛ ŋgʊ kɩlɩna yɔɔdasɩ sakɩyɛ taa, ionien-attikii agbela taa nɛ kɩcaɣ nɛ kʊkʊʊ woɖe yɔ woɖe yɔ kʊnʊŋ lɛɛŋ tɛ labɩnaʊ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩbɩsɩ canaʊ lingua franca, nɛ kɩnɛ Latɛnɩ pe-heluu ɖama.
Koinè pɩsɩ pʊwayi kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ wɩsɩ ɖʊɖʊyɛ Romanɩ awiyaa caa kewiyaɣ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ pʊcɔ kɩ-huu nɛ kɩyele se Krɛsɩ sɔnɔ ŋgʊ ɛwɛ. Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Ɛndɩ-Erɔpʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ kɩbɩŋ lɛɛŋ yɔɔ, Krɛsɩ tɔmpe pɩsɩʊ kʊya ɛsɔtaa.


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Raphael
Raffaello Sanzio kɛ Roma tʋ. Patɩlɩɩ toni nɛ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ yɔɖɩɖɩyɔ Raphael. Palʋlɩ-ɩ Urbino kɛ Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ efemiye loɖo ŋgʋ wine kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1483 taa. Ɖɩtaasɔ size Roma kɛna Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ tɛ tɛtʋ susɔtʋ. Ɛ-caa yaa ɛ-lʋlʋyʋ kɔyɔ Giovanni Santi. Santi Raffaello da Urbino sɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kʋɖʋmaɣ ŋga ka-taa kɛ efemiye loɖo wine kɛɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ kɛpɩnaɣ 1520 taa kɛ Itaalii tɛ tɛtʋ susɔtʋ nɖʋ payaɣ-tʋ size Roma yɔ tɩ-taa. Ɛ-lakaɣ tʋmasʋ sɔ na pɩŋŋ, nɛ nayɛ kɔyɔ: sɛmɩŋ taʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ, matʋ sʋsɔtʋ tʋmɩyɛ ndʋ tɩ yɔ ɛsɔ saɣkpala huwa lʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ. Ɛ-hɩlaa lɛɣ na kɔyɔ: Raffaello Santi, Raffaello da Urbino, nɛ Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino. Ɛ-caa lakaɣ ɖɔɖɔ tʋma sena ɛlakɩŋ nɔyɔ. Pɩyalʋ ɛnɛ yɔ ɛkɛkpɛlɛkʋyʋ ɛ-tʋmaɖɩlaɖɛ, peeɖe ɛ-kaɣkpaɣlɩmaza nɛ sɔlɩmtʋ maanaɣayɔ.Ɛ-ɖoo sɩbaɣ pɩnaɣ 1494 taa nɛ ɛ-caa kɛpɩnzɩ naadozo waɩkɛpɩnaɣ 1491 taa.


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Ukurɛnɩ
Ukurɛnɩ kɛna Erɔpɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Walanzɩ taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ lɛ naalɛ ñɩnɖɛ walanzɩ taa kɛ Erɔpɩ taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, teŋu Kɩkpɛɖɩɣ nɛ Azɔɔvɩ teŋu pɛwɛna, hayi kiŋ lɛ, Ruusii wɛna piyele nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Piyeelooruusii. Ɖi-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Pɔlɔɔñɩ, Siloovakii nɛ Hɔŋgrii ajɛya ñɛwɛna, pɩkazɩ Rumaanii nɛ Mɔlɩdavii ajɛya ñɛwɛna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ.
Ukurɛnɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Kɩyɛɛvɩ nɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ nɛ pawɩlɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ sukulinaa taa yɔ ŋɣʊ lɛ ukurɛnɩ kʊnʊŋ piyele nɛ liidiye nɖɩ pɔtɔkɩ yɔ ɖɩɖɩ lɛ hiriviniya.


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Miŋ
Miŋ kɛ wazaɣ pʊyʊ siŋŋ. Ɛwazɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɛ. Miŋ patɩzɩɣna tɔɔnasɩ tɩŋa. Ɛlɛ, ɛkɛ sɩm ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛpɩzɩɣ eyele nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe wɛɛkɩ. Miŋ haɣ ñalɩmɩyɛ, wɩsɩ ha ñalɩmɩyɛ, fenaɣ ha ñalɩmɩyɛ, tɩnzɩ ha ɖɔɖɔ ñalɩmɩyɛ. Ɛlɛ, mbʊ pɩhaɣ yaa pɩkɔŋna ñalɩmɩyɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ mbʊ yɔ pɩ-taa payɩ lɛ, miŋ kɩlɩna ɖoŋ. Pʊcɔ nɛ Ɛsɔ wɩlɩɣ ɛyʊ lɛɣtʊ ndʊ ɛkpaɣna nɛ ɛlɩzɩ miŋ yɔɔ lɛ, ɖɔ-cɔzɔnaa tatɩzɩɣ tɔɔnasɩ. Pɔtɔkaɣ tɩŋ pe nɛ hayɩm taa tɔɔnasɩ kɩtatɩzʊʊ. Halɩ pɔtɔkaɣ nandʊ maɣmaɣ kɩtatɩzʊʊ. Pʊwayɩ lɛ, Ɛsɔ ha ɛyʊ lɛɣtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ elu miŋ.
Ɖɔ-cɔzɔnaa cɔnaa se pɛkɛtɩɣ pɩjakpalɩma naalɛ nɛ ɖama lɛ, mamatʊsɩ lɩɣ yʊbʊlɛɛ. Pʊ-yɔɔ patɩŋnaa nɛ pala lɩmaɣzɛ se yee pasɩ kpootu nɛ pɛkɛtɩ pɩjakpalɩma nɛ ɖama nɛ mamatʊsɩ nzɩ sɩlɩɣ yɔ, sɩtɔlɩ kpootu ndʊ tɩ-yɔɔ yɔ, kpootu mʊʊ. Nabʊyʊ taa kɔyɔ, pakpakɩɣ pɩjakpalɩmɩyɛ nɛ pɛkɛtɩna nɛ hakuu ñɩɣyʊʊ yɔɔ nɛ mamatʊsɩ lɩɩ nɛ pʊtɔlɩ kpootu yɔɔ nɛ tʊtʊ mʊ miŋ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se soŋaɣ sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ yekina nɛ miŋ mʊʊ. Soŋaɣ ŋga ka-taa wɛ hakuu.


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Ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʊ takayaɣ (Constitution)
Ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʊ takayaɣ, pɩkɛ takayaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɛjaɖɛ yaa ŋgbɛɛ naɖɩyɛ tɛ ɖɔnɛ, ɛlɛ, sakɩyɛ taa lɛ,pɩkɛ ɛjaɖɛ yaa ajɛyɛ hɛkʊ nakʊyʊ tɛ paɣtʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʊ takayaɣ tɛ wazaɣ lɩɣna ɖɩ-tɛ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ ŋga kaɖɩna tʊmɩyɛ labʊ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa cɔlɔ. Sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, ka-wazaɣ paɣla pɩkɩlɩ paɣtʊ tɩtɩŋga.
Kɛkɛ politiki takayaɣ nɛ paɣtʊ keem ndʊ tɩtamsa nɛ tɩlɩna cɔlʊʊ taa tɩwɛ kpaɖʊ yɔ kpaɖʊ yɔ yɔ. Pɩkɛ ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa tɔm, ɛyaa mba patɩna kewiyaɣ ɖoŋ nɛ palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ ɛyaa lalaa yɔ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ, kɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ ndɩ ɖɩ-taa peeɖe. Paɣtʊ takayaɣ kandʊʊ ɛyʊ waɖɛ yɔ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ kewiyaɣ komulum tɩnaa cɔlɔ (ajɛyaa nʊndɩnaa kewiyaɣ nɛ paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa kewiyaɣ nɛ tɔm hʊyaa kewiyaɣ).
Yee tɔm hʊyaa ɛmaɣzɩɣ se paɣtʊ takayaɣ taa tɔm ɛkɛ pamaɣmaɣ palɩmazaɣ yɔɔ ɖɩnaɣ se polotiki tɔm tɩŋgɩɣna pʊyɔɔ nɛ pɩhaɣ waɖɛ yaa ɖoŋ ka-maɣmaɣ nɛ pɩla mbʊ. Politiki tɔm paɖʊ-tʊ waɖɛ takayaɣ taa nɛ paya se kajalaɣ kewiyaɣ tɛ ɖoŋ (kewiyaɣ tɛ wiyaʊ weyi ɛlakɩ paɣtʊ takayaɣ kɩfalaɣ yɔ). Ajɛyaa sakɩyɛ tisuu nɛ pɔɖɔkʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ mazɩm nɛ evemiye nɛ pɔtɔkɩ kazandʊʊ evemiye ndɩ ɖɩ-tɛ tɔzʊʊ yɔ (ɛjaɖɛ kazandʊʊ yaa tɩyɔɔ kazandʊʊ yaa paɣtʊ takayaɣ evemiye Englɩsɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Constitution Day.
Tɔmpiye paɣtʊ takayaɣ, palakɩ-ɖɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ñamtʊ nɔmɔʊ taa kɛ kewiyaɣ ajaɛyaa sɔsɔnaa aŋgbaa ndɩ ndɩ taa. Mbʊ lɛ, pɔyɔɔdʊʊ OIT paɣtʊ takayaɣ tɔm, Eerɔpʊ tambɔɔ paɣtʊ takayaɣ yaa ɛyaa sɔsaa paɣtʊ takayaɣ. Paa ɛzɩmta lɛ, kɛwɛ camɩyɛ cɩɖɩ cɩɖɩ yaa kpayɩ kpayɩ aŋgbaa a-naa a-taa se pɔyɔɔdɩ nɩnaʊ tɔm yaa kiɖe tɛ tɔm kɩlabɩtʊ.


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Ñɔɔsɩ
Ñɔɔsɩ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ sɩm tɛ ɛyaa nabɛyaa wɛtʊ pɩlɩna tɔɔnaɣ tɔm taa. Tɔɔnaɣ kɩɩtalʊʊ talɩ kilokalorii naa 1200 paa evemiye ndɩ kɛ ɛyʊ cɔlɔ. Ñɔɔsɩ pɩzɩɣ pɩkɔŋna sɩm. Tɔmpiye tɔɔnaɣ kɩɩtalʊʊ kɛ ñɔɔsɩ tɔɔbʊʊ se tɔɔnaɣ fɛyɩ.
Ɛbɛ laba nɛ ñɔɔsɩ lɩɩ, ɖɩcɔna nɛ ɖɩnaɣ yɔ tɩlasɩ ɖɔɔ ɛlɛ, sɩwɛ naalɛ yeke. Tɔsʊʊ huu kɩɩwɛʊ tɔbʊʊ se liidiye fɛyɩ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɔɔnaɣ wɛʊ lɛ, liidiye fɛyɩ se ɛyaa ɛya nɛ pɩtasɩna ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ cɛʊtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ɛzɩ wɩlɩŋ yaa lɩm kpakʊʊ hayɩm nɛ pʊ-tɔɔnasɩ yɔɔ yeki se tɔɔnasɩ ɛ-taa tɔyɩ.
Pɩtɛ tɩlasɩ nzɩ sɩ-naalɛ lɩna pʊtʊna naalɛ cɔlɔ mba yɔ, kɩyakʊ taa lɛ, payakʊʊ tɔɔnasɩ lɩɩna tɔɔnaɣ tɛ ɖɔɔʊ kɩyaakʊʊ taa nɛ pɩtasɩ lɛ, yaɖa ɖʊna liidiye wonduu yɔ ɛzɩ pɔsɔɔlʊʊ yɔ. Alɩwaatʊ tɔɔnasɩ yɔ kpaɣ liidiye yɔ kʊñɔndɩnaa ɛpɩzɩɣ payakɩ-kɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pɩkɩlɩ liidiye.
Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, yoŋ sɔsɔŋ nɛ ɖama hɛkɩŋ taa yoŋ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛjaɖɛ wɛtʊ (wɩlɩŋ nɛ tɛŋ sɔsɔŋ mbʊ yɔ) cakɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa yɔ tɔɔnaɣ tɔm taa. Ɛyaa hɛkɩŋ ñaɖɩŋ nɛ tɔm yeki se ɛyaa eseuu pa-ajɛyaa. Piiyeki se ɛyaa ɛ-dɔɔ nɛ pahayɩ hayɩm nɛ pakpaɣ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ pʊ-ɖɔɔ.
Hɛhʊʊ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ ñɔɔsɩ kaawɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ patakpaɣ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ pʊ-dɔɔ hayɩm naa taa yɔ, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ tamtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa. Ɛsɔkaɣ laɣsɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ yeba ɖɔɖɔ pɩtɩŋna yoŋ nɛ sɔñanaa tɛ ɖɔnɛ kadadayaɣ hayɩm naa taa (ɛzɩ Pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ you alɩwaatʊ). Kʊñɔndɩnaa pɩkɩlaɣ tʊkʊnaʊ. Tɛtʊ taa mba ñɔzɩ pa-tɩ nɛ pahayʊʊ pilee ŋgʊ kɩlɩna ɖooo poliŋ nɛ kɩcaɣ liidiye yɔ. Pɩtɩŋga pɩ-taa payɩ mbʊ yɔ ñɔɔsɩ tɩna ɛyʊ tomnaɣ ɛjandʊʊ nɛ pʊkɔŋna kʊdɔmɩŋ sakɩyɛ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa nɛ tomnaɣ taa fɛyɩ fitamini naa se kalʊbɩna kʊdɔmɩŋ nɛ ɛyaa ɛɛlazɩɣ sɩbʊ.


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Ɛsakuliye
Payaʋ se "civilisation" yɔ, pɩlɩna latɛɛnɩ kʋnʋŋ taa. Latɛŋ taa lɛ, payaɣ se "civis", pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se "citoyen", ɛyʋ. Paa samaɣ ŋga nɛ kɛ-tɛ "civilisation" yaa kɛ-tɛ sɔnzɩ. Mbʋʋ sɔsaa tɔma se "ajɛɛ kpɛndʋʋ so, aakpɛndʋʋ payɛ.
Panaɣ samaɣ nakɛyɛ tɛ civilisation yaa kɔ-sɔnzɩ pɩtɩŋna kɛ-lɛɣtʋ nɛ ka-fɩtɩyɩm nɛ kɛ-tɛ politiki labʋ nɛ kɔ-lɔŋ weyi kayaɣ yɔ. Samaɣ nakɛyɛ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ kɔtɔ se kɔ-sɔnzɩ kɩlɩ ɖeu samaɣ lɛɛka n̄ɩnzɩ. Yee ḿbʋ pʋwɛɛ se pama tɔmpiye "civilisation" sakɩyɛ taa, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se pama se "civilisations" yaa sɔnzɩ ndɩ ndɩ. Toovenum lɛ, sɔnzɩ kɩbɩnzɩ wɛɛ nɛ sɔnzɩ kɩfasɩ n̄ɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ.
Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ payawaɣ se "Mʋntʋsʋŋ alɩwaatʋ" yɔ, tɩ-taa lɛ, civilisation yaa sɔnzɩ kɛkɛ pʋyʋ mbʋ pɩkɩlɩ wazaɣ kpem yɔ. Pʋwɛ wazaɣ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ mbʋ payaɣ se "culture" yaa sɔnzɩ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ Ɛsɔ nʋmɔʋ (religion) nɛ Samaɣ (Société) yɔ. Ɖajaa weyi payaɣ se Victor Riqueti de Mirabeau yɔ ɛlɛyɩna tɔmpiye "civilisation" yaa sɔnzɩ hɩɖɛ yaʋ nɛ pɔɖɔkɩ-ɖɩ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩna sɔnɔ. Ɛkɛ ɖajaa weyi payaɣ se Mirabeau yɔ ɛ-pɩyalʋ. Ɖajaa Mirabeau kɔsɔɔlɩ lɛɣzɩtʋ kɩfatʋ ɛwɛɛ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛma ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga ɛyaa se "Ɛyaa Taabalʋ" (L'Ami des Hommes) yɔ ka-taa se : "Ɛsɔ nʋmɔʋ kɛna kajalaɣ wonuu nɛ wonuu ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ wazaɣ mbʋ pɩpɩsɩɣna ɛyʋ nɛ wayɩ yɔ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ lɛɛbʋ. Pɩnaɣ 1758 n̄ɩŋga taa ɛma-tʋ. Ɛsɔ nʋmɔʋ yekina nɛ civilisation ɖɛɣna ɛsɩndaa. Ńdʋ ɖɔɖɔ ɖajaa Condorcet yɔɔdʋʋ ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga ɛya-kɛ se " Esquisse d'un tableau des progrès de l'esprit humain" yɔ ka-taa. Ɛtɔŋ se, ɛyʋ ɛsɩndaa ɖɛnaʋ payaɣ se "civilisation", se ɛyʋ yekuu tɛtɛ kan̄atʋ nɛ ɛtɩlʋʋ kpeyuu yɔ payaɣ se "civilisation. Ɛyɔɔdʋʋ se, ɛyʋ tɩlʋʋ lɔŋ yɔ payaɣ "civilisation.
Ɖooo waaɣ XIX n̄ɩŋga taa ɛyʋ cɔnaa se mbʋ payaɣ se sɔnzɩ yɔ, mbʋ kɩlɩna pɩtɩŋa payɩ wazaɣ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ. Sʋsaa tuu eduye se pasɩŋ ɛyʋ nɛ ɛ-sɔnzɩ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se paa samaɣ ŋga nɛ kɔ-sɔnzɩ. Yee mbʋ samaɣ nakɛyɛ sɔnzɩ takɩlɩ samaɣ lɛɛka n̄ɩnzɩ ɖeu yaa wazaɣ. Samaɣ nakɛyɛ fɛyɩ se kɛfɛɛnɩ kɔ-sɔnzɩ.


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Panzuli
Panzuli kɛŋna Kambii ɛjaɖe taa tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ nɛ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kpɛnda 34 828 ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2003 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛ, pɛwɛ 523 589.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-tʊ nɛ pɩta nɛ payaɣ-tʊ se Marib Kelekeletʊ yɔ, peeɖe ñɔtɩna Kambii pɔɔ cɔlɔ kpam. Tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna kilomɛtanaa 93.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ Piritaniki mba ñɔzɩna-tʊ pɩnaɣ 1816 nɛ pɩɩkɛnaa se palʊkɩ nɛ pakandʊʊ mba pakpakaɣ ɛyaa nɛ palakɩ-wɛyoma nɛ pɛpɛdʊ-wɛ nɛ tuuɖe taa ɛyaa yɔ.
Paalɩza tɛtʊ ndʊ lɛ, payawaɣ-tʊ se Paturist nɛ paɖʊwaɣ hɩɖɛ kɛ sɔdʊ ŋgʊ payawaɣ-kʊ se Henri Bathurst yɔ. ƐLɛ pɩnaɣ 1973 taa kɛ pɛlɛɣza-tʊ hɩɖɛ kpɛlɩ se Panzuli. Payaɣ Panzuli maliki yɔɔcɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Samba Faal.


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Peekɛɛ
Peekɛɛ kɛna Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ patasʊʊ -tʊ yaɣ-tʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Peyijini. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Siini nɛ hayʊ kiŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa piyele tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa maɣna ɛzɩ ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 1 641 000 yaa kilomɛtanaa 16 410. Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, Peekɛɛ kɛŋna tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa politiiki nɛ ɛsɩkuliye kɩla wɛʊ yɔ piyele tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se Hɔŋkɔŋ nɛ Caŋgayɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa kɛ tɔsʊʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu kɩla wɛʊ.
Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ taa kataɣ sɔsɔɣa nakayɩ wɛɛ nɛ peeɖe pahayɩsʊʊ efabiya nɛ pɛlaa, pʊyɔɔ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2008 taa keteŋa kpeekpe ha ɛsa nɛ Peyijini tɛtʊ. Mbʊ yebina nɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ pazɩ ɖɩ-ñɔɔzɩ camɩyɛ Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ pɩ-tɛ pɩnaɣ taa. Pɩyɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ kɛ keteŋa kpeekpe taa ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩñɔɔzʊʊ tɔnʊʊ taa alafɩya nɛ hayɩsʊʊ yɔ, ɖɩɖaana lɩzʊʊ Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ se patasɩ aleɣya anaa labʊ pɩnaɣ 2022.
Siini ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa lɛ, Caŋayɩ tɛtʊ wayɩ lɛ, Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ tɩŋgɩna ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa nɛ pɩnaɣ 2013 taa paakala ɛyaa kɛ peeɖe lɛ, paakpɛnda miloyɔɔnaa 21 150 000.
Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa naayɛ taa ñɩndʊ paɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩlakɩ tʊma nɛ Afrika keteŋa taa tɛtʊ, Amerika taa ñɩndʊ, Azii taa ñɩndʊ, Erɔpʊ keteŋa taa ñɩndʊ nɛ Oseyanii taa tɛtʊ natʊyʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩtɩŋga tɩkɛnda nɩɩnɩwa (50). Paya:g Peekɛɛ maalika yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Wang Anshun nɛ ɛtakayaɣ taa mayʊ kɔyɔ Guo Jinlong.


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Abɩɩjaŋ
Abɩɩjaŋ kɛna Kotidivuwarɩ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa tɔsʊʊ kɩla wɛʊ yɔ ɛlɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa politiki nɛ komina tʊma sɔsɔna kɩla wɛʊ yɔ ndʊ lɛ Yamusokuro. Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ kpeekpe ajɛya wena ayɔɔdɩɣ fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ a-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa lɛ Abvɩɩjaŋ tɛtʊ taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʊ.
Ajɛya wena ayɔɔdɩɣ Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ a-tɛtʊ sɔsɔ kpeekpe taa lɛ, Abɩɩjaŋ tɛtʊ kɛŋna naalɛ nɖɩ walanzɩ taa nɛ naatozo nɖɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa. Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa pakali ɛyaa kɛ Kotidivuwarɩ lɛ, Abɩɩjaŋ taa ɛyaa kpɛnda 4 707 000 yaa ɛzɩ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ lɛ peeɖe ɖeke ɛyaa wɛ nɛɛlɛ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa. Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ kpeekpe ajɛya tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa lɛ, Leegɔsɩ ɖeke taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʊ kɛ Abɩɩjaŋ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-tɛ maalika ñʊʊdʊ payaɣ se Robert Beugré Mambé nɛ pɩnaɣ 2011 kɛ palɩza-ɩ nɛ ɛlakɩ pɩnzɩ nakʊ yaa ɛzɩ ɛtɛŋ pɩnaɣ 2020.


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Albrecht Dürer
Ɖajaa Albrecht Dürer kɛ Caama tʋ. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ eeyeba ɛ-ñɔsɩ cimm ɛ-ñʋʋ taa. Palʋla-ɩ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kʋɖʋmʋʋ (21) ñɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1471 n̄ɩŋga taa. Palʋla-ɩ Nuremberg tɛtʋ taa.
Nuremberg tɛtʋ ńdʋ, tɩ-taa peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ ɛsɩba. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ loɖo (6) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1528 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛ-pɩjatʋ taa, ɛɛsɔɔlɩ anjaʋnaa lɩzʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ɛsɔɔlɩ ɖɔɖɔ sɩʋ kpelesi saɣʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Toovenum lɛ, Ɛsɔ yele ɖɔɖɔ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ tʋma ana a-naalɛ a-laɖʋ nɛ ɛ-taa la leleŋ siŋŋ.
Ɖajaa Albrecht Dürer kɛ ɖɔɖɔ takayaɣsɩ mayʋ nɛ kuduyiŋ sɔsɔŋ mayʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ tɔlɩm ndɩ ndɩ tayʋ. Ɖajaa Albrecht kɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɩmaɣza ndɩ ndɩ lɩzɩyʋ wondu ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ. Mbʋʋ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "théoricien de l'art".
Ɖajaa Dürer kɛ ɖɔɖɔ cee siŋŋ maɣzʋʋ lɩmaɣza laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩɩ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa se "géométrie de la perspective'. Ɖajaa Albrecht Dürer payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se Albertus Dürer Noricus. Ɛnʋ ɖɔɖɔ payaɣ se Dürer Alemanus. Nabɛyɛ ñayaɣ-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ 'keɖeya tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ cɩkpalʋʋ tʋ'.
Payaɣ Ɖajaa Albrecht Dürer nɛ Caama kʋnʋŋ taa size 'Albrecht Dürer der Jüngere'.
Ɖajaa Albrecht Dürer kɛ naadozo pɩɣa ɛ-caa lʋlʋʋ taa. Payaɣ ɛ-caa ɛnʋ se Albrecht Düre. Ɛ-caa ɛnʋ ɛkɛ liidiye yaa sika wendu luɖu tʋmɩyɛ tʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛ-kpaŋgbamʋʋ payaɣ size Anton Koberger, ɛlɛ kɛ sika yaa liidiye wondu luɖu tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ.


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Filipini
Filipini kɛna Azii nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkpɛndaa nɛ sɩpɩsɩ lɩm taa kacasɩ yɔ sɩtala 7 107. Lɩm taa kacasɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa lɛ 90 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ kɛ tɛtʊ ñabɩ nɛ hɔɔlɩŋ ɛzɩ 2 000 taa kɛ ɛyaa wɛɛ. Peeɖe lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩfɛyɩna hɩla yɔ tɩtɖɛ ɛzɩ 2 400 yɔ.
Filipini taa tɛtʊ wɛtʊ wɛ hɔɔlɩŋ niitozo: Liisɔnɩ, Fisayasɩ nɛ Mindanaʊ. Liisɔnɩ kɛna kɛna lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkɩlɩ walʊʊ nɛ ndʊ tɩkɩla wɛnaʊ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ yɔ. Peeɖe kɛ Filipini tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ Manili wɛɛ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndʊ tɩkɩla walanzɩ yɔ, Keezɔnɩ tɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ wɛɛ.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-hɛkʊ nɛ hɛ;kʊ taa lɛ Fayasɩ wɛna nɛ lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛɛ yɔ nɖʊ lɛ: Negroo, Sebuu, Poholɩ, Panee, Masɩbatɩ, Samarɩ nɛ Leyitɩ. Hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Mindanaʊ hɔɔlʊʊ ñɛwɛna. Hɔɔlʊʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ: Tavaʊ, Marawii, Sambowaŋga nɛ Oro tɛ Kagayaŋɩ. Mindanaʊ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Suuluu tɛtʊ wɛna, nɛ tɩ-taa kɔyɔ: Pazilanɩ, Soloo nɛ tawi-tawi tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩñɔyɩna Pɔɔrɩnewoo yɔ.
Fayasɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ lɛ lɩm hɛkʊ taa kacaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Palawanɩ yɔ kɛwɛna. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa ɖeke lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ talʊʊ ɛzɩ 1 700 yɔ. Lɩm hɛkɩŋ taa tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛna Pasifiki lɩm fɛʊʊ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa kutoku yɔ. Azii taa lɛ Filipini kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ lɛɛɖɛ nɖɩ ɖi-taa krɩstʊ mba kɩla ɖɔʊ yɔ.


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Ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ
Ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ kɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩlakɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ laatriki miŋ ɖeke koŋ yɔ. Pama tɔm ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ tɩ-yɔɔ ɛyʋ ɛtɩŋna nɛ ɛla tʋmɩyɛ kʋ-yɔɔ yɔ. Pɔn̄ɔtʋʋ laatriki miŋ kɩ-taa kpa lɛ, tɔm ndɩ ndɩ ńdʋ tɩlɩɩ nɛ ɛyʋ ɖɔ tɔm ndʋ ɛsɔɔlaa se ɛlakɩ yɔ tɩ-yɔɔ. Ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛlɛɣzɩ nʋmɔŋ weyi ɛtɩŋɩɣ mbʋ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ.
Ɛyʋ pɩzɩɣ ɛla tʋma sakɩyɛ ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ yɔɔ. Ɛpɩzɩɣ ekuli takayɩ nasɩyɛ nɛ ɛkalɩ sɩ-taa tɔm, ɛpɩzɩ ekuli takayɩhayʋʋ ŋgʋ patama natʋyʋ kɩ-taa yɔ nɛ ɛma ndʋ e-liu wɛɛ yɔ. Nabʋyʋ, pʋwɛ ɛzɩ cɩkaɣ yɔ nɛ payaɣ-ɩ se "holu", mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, ɛmaɣ ca ca ɛzɩ holu mɑɣʋ yɔ. Ɛnʋ palakɩna tʋmɩyɛ ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ yɔɔ. Ɛnʋʋ ɛyʋ wokina hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ ɛsɔɔla labʋ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ kɩ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛn̄ɩɣ ɛ-yɔɔ tɔm kʋɖʋmʋm yaa naalɛ ɛzɩ e-liu wɛʋ yɔ nɛ ɛna ɖenɖe ɛn̄ɩnɩɣ yɔ.
Hɔɔlɩŋ sɔsɔŋ naalɛ wɛna ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ yɔɔ: Kajalaɣ hɔɔlʋʋ wɛ ɛzɩ n̄ɩnʋʋ yɔ. Tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛyʋ lakɩ yɔ, kʋ-yɔɔ pɩnaɣ-ɖɩ. Hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋʋ payaɣ se, "Ecran". Yee hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩsɩba yɔ, ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ sɩba ɖɔɖɔ.
Hɔɔlʋʋ naalɛ n̄ɩŋgʋ yɔɔ masɩ tɩŋa wɛɛ. Masɩ ńzɩ ɛyʋ sɔɔlaa maʋ yɔ, sɩ-yɔɔ ɛn̄ɩkɩɣ nɛ sɩlɩɣ hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛ ɛzɩ n̄ɩnʋʋ mbʋ yɔ kɩ-yɔɔ. Kɩ-hɛkʋ taa ɖoli ɖɔɖɔ pan̄ɩkɩɣ nɛ "holu" ɖɔŋ. Nabʋyʋ taa yɔ, ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ pɩzɩɣ kiɖi nɔɔkʋɖʋmaɣ. Ɛlɛ, kiɖim mbʋ yɔ, kɩwɛɛ kɩn̄ɔɔzʋʋ mbʋ payaɣ se "Program waa " yɔ kʋn̄ɔɔzʋ. Kɩtɛŋ lɛ, kɩɖaɣnʋʋ pazʋʋ kʋ-tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛyʋ lakaɣ kɩ-yɔɔ yɔ.
Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1834 nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1837 taa ɖajaa Charles Babbage luba akɔnta n̄ɩɣyʋʋ nakʋyʋ nɛ ɛsɔzɩna mba ɖajanaa panɛ: Blaise Pascal nɛ Jacquard n̄aaluba yɔ. Kaarɩtɩnaa nabɛyɛ, pɔ-yɔɔ nɛ pɔŋ n̄ɩɩɩ n̄ɩɩɩ waa. Pɔ-yɔɔ pawɩlɩɣ ɛzɩma mbʋ ɛyʋ ɛla akɔnta nɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋ́gʋ yɔ. Kajalaɣ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩlɛɣzɩ ɛyʋ lɛɣtʋ lone taa yɔ, paya-kʋ " Pascaline". Alɩwaatʋ ńdʋ tɩ-taa Charles Babbage maɣzaa nɛ elu wondu ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ tɩwɛ ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ kɩfalʋʋ yɔɔ yɔ tɩ-taa natʋyʋ sakɩyɛ. Babbage n̄ɩna e-wezuu caɣʋ taa se, elu ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ ŋgʋ kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩmaɣzɩ ɛzɩ ɛyʋ maɣzʋʋ yɔ, ɛlɛ ɛtpɩzɩ. Ɛyaa sakɩyɛ n̄ɩnɩ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa se polubi-kʋ, ɛlɛ, patapɩzɩ ɖɔɖɔ.
Pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ wayɩ, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, pɩnaɣ 1937 n̄ɩŋga taa kɛ ɖajaa IBM lɩzɩ mbʋ payaɣ se, "informatique" yɔ. Ɛcalɩna n̄ɔɔzʋʋ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se, "ASCC\MarkI" yɔ. Ɛtɩŋna ɖajaa Babbage lɩzɩ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ anjaʋnaa mba yɔ pɔ-yɔɔ nɛ elubi-kʋ. Eluba-kʋ nɛ pɩtɛɛ lɛ, pɩlaba se, mbʋ ɛn̄ɩnaɣ se ɛla e-wezuu caɣʋ taa yɔ, ɛlaba-pʋ, pɔ-tɔbʋʋ se, eɖozaɣ ndʋ yɔ, ɛlaba-tʋ.
Pɩlaba pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ polubu ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ waa mba pɛwɛ lɛɛlɛɛyɔ. Pɛwɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna pɛ-wɛtʋ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Nabɛyɛ wɛ camɩyɛ pakɩlɩ lɛlaa. Nabɛyɛ n̄apaɣlɩ pakɩlɩ lɛlaa. Lɛlaa lubutu n̄ɛwɛ ndɩ kpem.