text:
Yuu
You anasaayɩ yɔɔda taa lɛ, ɛhɩɖɛ tukuunaa kpɩnaa wena awɛkʊ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ a-ñɩɣzʊʊ mbʊ mbʊ akatʊʊ payɩ yɔ. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ po-suŋ wɛ kpɛɖɛ, pekela wɛ lɔŋ sɩŋŋ nɛ ñʊʊ yɔ kpayɩɩ kɛ nɔɔ nɛ mɔɔʊ pɛgbɛŋda nɛ pɛwɛ cʊlʊ cʊlʊ. Yuŋ kɛ Muridé́́́s tɛ cejewiye taa mba, mba pɛwɛna wɛtʊ kʊyʊmtʊ yɔ: Rattus rattus, yuŋ kɩkpɛɛdʊʊ, nɛ Rattus norvegicus, yuŋ weyi ɛlʊlʊʊ ɖɩɣa yuŋ mba ɖɩ-yaa se agunaa yɔ, weyi pɔɖɔʊ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, pʊwɛ se ɖɩtɩlɩ se tɔm be naayɛ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ atukuuna kpɩnaa wena awɛkʊ tɔnasɩ yɔ nɛ aavɛyɩ Muridés cejewiye taa, anaa-yɔ: yuu palmiste, yuu chinchilla… Ɛyʊ kpɛlɩkʊʊ kpɩnaa wena a-ñɩɣzʊʊ m-bɩyɔ yɔ ayɔ se ɛtɩlɩ-yɛ nɛ ɛɛkpayɛ nɛ awazɩ, ɛlakɩ nɛ kpɩnaa anaɣ amalɩnaɣ ɛyaa yaa ɛgbakʊ yɛ ɛzɩ kpɩnaa wena awɛkʊ sɩŋŋ yɔ nɛ ɛkʊʊ-yɛ. Yuŋ kɛ pʊyʊ kem dɔɖɔ ɛyʊ caanaʊ tɔm taa, nɛ ɛzakuliye hɔlʊ taa, nɛ pɔdɔm tukunaa ɖɔɖɔ hɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ.


c: text/html

text:
Kɛɛrɩ
Kɛɛrɩ kɛna Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛʈʊ sʊzɔtʊ nɛ ndʊ ɖɔɖɔ kɩlɩnja walanzɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakala kɩgalʊʊ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛ, pana ɛyaa 15 452 409. Mʊwayɛ-Oriyaŋ taa lɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ nɛ yee pɩkɛ Afrika kpeekpe taa kɔyɔ, tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩŋgʊʊna Leegɔsɩ wayi. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se Legɔsɩ tɛtʊ kɛlɛ kacalaɣ ñɩndʊ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Afrika tɛtʊ kpeekpe taa. Ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2014 lɛ ndʊ kaakɛŋna natʊlɛ ñɩndʊ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ keteŋa kpeekpe taa.
Kɛɛrɩ tɔbʊʊ nɛ Araabi taa se Waɖʊ. Kɛɛrɩ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Niili Pɔɔ ka-ñʊʊtaa kiŋ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛna Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hayʊ kiŋ, nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Alɛkɩsandrii tɛtʊ ñɛwɛna nɛ piposinaa ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 220 yɔ; piyele wɩsɩ ɖɩɖuyɛ taa lɛ Suɛz Hɛŋa wɛna nɛ pɩmaɣna ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 150 yɔ. Kɛɛrɩ tɛtʊ walanzɩ landammm taa makɩɣna ɛkɩtaarɩnaa ɛzɩ 21 000 yɔ yaa kilomɛtanaa 210. Ɛlɛ yee pɛkpɛndɩna tɛtʊ tʊnɛ nɛ tɩ-tɛ ageeta wena acɔ-tʊ nɛ ataa yɔ, pɩ-walanzɩ taa wɛʊ ɛzɩ ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 149 200 yaa kilomɛtanaa 1 492.
Pɩnaɣ 641 taa kɛ malɩŋ woba Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ pacaɣ nɛ ɖenɖe paawɛɛ yɔ, payaa tɛtʊ ndʊ se Fusitaatɩ nɛ pɔ-nɔɔ yɔɔ ɖɛyʊ yɔ Amru ben al-As nɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tʊ-tʊ tɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ yɔ Paabiiloni. Pɩnaɣ 969 taa kɛ papaazɩ Fusitaati tɛtʊ yaʊ se Kɛɛrɩ.
Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Kɛɛrɩ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa 36 taa ñɩndʊ paɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma nɛ a-taa kɔyɔ: Atɛɛnɩ (Krɛɛsɩ), Roomi (Italii), Sao-Poloo Pireeziili), Sitaatigraadɩ nɛ Hamburigi (Caama), Tunisi nɛ Kayiruwanɩ (Tuniizii), Tokiyo (Sapɔŋ), Toronto (Kanadaa), Wasɩŋtɔŋ (Etaazuunii), Puyenezɛrɩ (Arzantiini), Amstɛrɩdam (Peyibaa), Peyiiruu (Liibaŋ), Aamaŋ (Yɔɔridani), Isitambuli (Turki), Pagidaadɩ (Irakɩ), Lɔndrɩ (Kewiyaɣ Kɩkpɛndaɣ).
Payaɣ Kɛɛrɩ tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Abdel Qawi Khalifa.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
Praagɩ
Praagɩ kɛna Cɛɛkɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ naqtʊyʊ nɛ ndʊ kɩlɩna walanzɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2017 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ pana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 1 280 508 yɔ. Pamaza Praagɩ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ 49 600 km2. Payaɣ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa maalika ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ se Adriana Krnáčová (ANO 2011).
Ɛzɩ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ lɛɛtʋ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, Praagɩ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʋ ɖʋ taabalɩyɛ nɛ palakɩ tʋm kʋɖʋma se tɔsʋʋ nɛ ɛsɩnda wobu ɛɖɛɛna poliŋ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa natʊyʊ kɔyɔ: Kasaablanka, Pɛɛrɩlɛɛ, Siikaagoo, Fransɩ, Frankɩ Fɔrtɩ, Hambuuri, Kiyoto, Mɔɔsɩkʊʊ, Norambɛrgɩ, Paarii, Fonikisi, Tunisi, Niimi, Tiijɔni, Fiyɛɛnɩ, Hɛlɩsinkii, Pudaapɛstɩ, Yeruzalɛm, Riiga, Roterdam, Pratisilava, Lisboni, Pirmiŋgam.


text:
KPƐLƖKƲƲ 36
Yeftee ɖuutu
Izrayɛɛlɩ piya ɖaɣnɩ yebu Yehowa nɛ sɩsɛɣ cɛtɩm ɛsɔnaa. Amooni ñɩma yoni Izrayɛɛlɩ piya lɛ, cɛtɩm ɛsɔnaa mba patɩpɩzɩ nɛ pasɩnɩ-sɩ. Izrayɛɛlɩ piya tɔɔ kʋñɔŋ pɩnzɩ sakɩyɛ. Pɩkɔma lɛ, sɩtɛzɩ heyuu Yehowa se: ‘Ðɩlabɩ kɩdɛkɛdɩm. Ðitendi-ŋ, ya ɖa-ñʋʋ ɖo-koyindinaa nesi tɛɛ.’ Izrayɛɛlɩ piya yɔkɩ sɩ-sɩʋ kpelisi nɛ sɩɖaɣnɩ paɣzʋʋ sɛʋ Yehowa. Yehowa taasɔɔlɩ se sɩwɛɛ kʋñɔŋ taa mbʋ.
Yehowa lɩzɩ you laɖʋ nɔɔyʋ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Yeftee yɔ, se ɛɖɛɛ Izrayɛɛlɩ piya nɔɔ nɛ poyooni Amooni ñɩma. Yeftee heyi Yehowa se: ‘Ye ŋsɩnɩ-m nɛ mawa you kʋnɛ yɔ, monɖuuni-ŋ se maapɩsɩɣ ɖɩɣa lɛ, ɛyʋ kajalaɣ tʋ weyi ɛlɩɣnɩ ma-ɖɩɣa taa nɛ ɛkatɩ-m yɔ, mɛncɛlɩɣ-ŋ ɛyʋ ɛnʋ.’ Yehowa welisini Yeftee nɛ ɛsɩnɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛwa you.
Yeftee pɩsaɣ ɖɩɣa lɛ, ɛyʋ kajalaɣ tʋ weyi ɛkatɩ-ɩ yɔ, ɛnʋ lɛ ɛ-pɛlɛ ɛgbamɩyɛ. Ɛwɛɛ ɛpaɣ nɛ ɛmakɩ nesi tɛɛ suuye naɖɩyɛ. Ɛbɛ Yeftee kaɣ labʋ? Ɛtɔzɩ e-ɖuutu yɔɔ nɛ ɛyɔɔdɩ se: ‘Hayɩ, mɛn-pɛlɛ! Ŋɖʋ-m kaɖɛ taa. Monɖuuni Yehowa. Nɛ pʋcɔ mɔnɖɔ mon-ɖuutu ndʋ tɩ-yɔɔ lɛ, pɩwɛɛ se ŋwolo Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ kizinziku tɛɛ Siiloo nɛ ŋsɛɛ Yehowa peeɖe.’ Ɛlɛ ɛ-pɛlɛ cosi-i nɛ ɛyɔɔdɩ se: ‘Baaba, ye ŋɖuuni Yehowa yɔ, la pɩ-yɔɔ. Mbʋ mɔnpɔzʋʋ-ŋ yɔ lɛ se, ŋha-m fenasɩ naalɛ nɛ ma nɛ man-taabalaa ɖɩpɩzɩ ɖɩkpa pʋŋ ñʋŋ taa nɛ ɖileɣyi. Nɛ pʋwayɩ lɛ, manpɩzɩɣ mɛnɖɛɛ.’ Yeftee pɛlɛ sɛ Yehowa Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ kizinziku tɛɛ e-wezuu caɣʋ kpeekpe. Paa pɩnaɣ ŋga lɛ, ɛ-taabalaa woki ɛ-cɔlɔ Siiloo nɛ panaɣ-ɩ.
“Weyi ɛsɔɔlɩ ɛ-pɩyalʋ yaa ɛ-pɛlɛ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ-m kɔyɔ, pʋdʋ ɛnʋ ɛtɩmʋnɩ-m.”—Maatiyee 10:37


text:
William Shakespeare
Palʊla William Shakespeare kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 23 pɩnaɣ 1564 kɛ Stratford-upon-Avon tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛsɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa ɖɔɖɔ 23 pɩnaɣ 1616 ɖoli kʊɖʊm ɛnʊ. Pakpaɣ-ɩ ɛzɩ mba pamaɣ takayasɩ yɔ pa-taa sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ yɔ: ɛkɛ takayaɣ mayʊ, tanaʊ kʊyʊ (dramatiiɖizi) nɛ cɩmʊʊ nɛ keesi maɖʊ. Ɛpɩzɩɣ nɛ ɛmaɣzɩ ɛyʊ nɛ pɩmʊna-ɩ kpɛ, ɛma takayaɣ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, natʊyʊ eeyiɣdiɣ-ɩ. Ɛ-tɔm nɛ ɛ-takayasɩ ɖɩɣna yɔɔdɩɣ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ, paa ɛfɛyɩ kɔ pʋ-yɔɔ. Takayasɩ maya mba palɩza pɔ-tɔm nɛ kʊnʊŋnaa ndɩ ndɩ taa yɔ, William Shakespeare kɔŋ nanatozo taa; ɛ-ɛsɩnda lɛ, Agatha Christie nɛ Jules Verne pɛɖɛna-ɩ. Mba palɩzɩɣ tɔm nɛ kʊnʊŋnaa lalaa taa yɔ, pɔtɔŋ se palɩza ɛ-takayasɩ ta tɔm nɛ kʊnʊmɩŋ 4281 taa. William Shakespeare ɖeke pɩzɩna ɛkɛ tnaʊ kʊyʊ nɛ dramatiirizi.
William Shakespeare ma dramatiiɖizi takayasɩ 37 kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1580 nɛ 1613. William Shakespeare wɛ ɛzɩ mba palɩzɩ anglisi kʊnʊiŋ kpem yɔ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɛ-takayasɩ maʊ taa lɛ, eluba tɔm pe kɩfana nɛ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ paɖiɣna-yɛ yɔɔdɩɣ nɛ ajaɣ alona taa nɛ awɛ nɩɣ camɩyɛ kpayɩ kpayɩ ɖɔɖɔ.
E-evebutu[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Palʊla-ɩ Stratford-upon-Avon kɛ Warwickshire egeetiye taa kɛ Angletɛɖɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛkɛ tɩnɩʊ nɛ ɛkɛ naatozo-tʊ nɛ kacalaɣ-tʊ abalɩbɩya taa. Pɔsɔ-ɩ lɩm kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 26 pɩnaɣ 1564. Pɛ-tɛ lɛ, pɔsɔʊ pɩga lɩm avema wena atɩŋgʊ ka-lʊlʊ yɔ pʊ-yɔɔ kɛ paɖʊwa se puuye kɛ palʊla-ɩ. Payaɣ ɛ-caa se John Shakespeare, ɛkɛ haɖʊ nɛ tadɩyɛ laɖʊ; ɛnʊ tɩna ɖɩɣa ŋga sɔnɔ taa payaɣ se The Birthplace (pʋtɔbʋʋ se "Ɖɩlʋlɩyɛ") yɔ. Ɛkɛ sabaabɩ kɛ Stratford nɛ pɩnaɣ1568 lɛ, pakpaɣ-ɩ peeɖe tɛtʊ taa lɔŋ tasɩyʊ nɛ pɩhayɩ lɛ ɛpɩsɩ Stratford tɛtʊ taa mɛɛɖɩ pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga ka-taa. Payaɣ ɛ-halʊ se Mary Arden, nɛ Robert Arden of Wilmcote pɛlɔ kɛlɛ. Pɛwɛ ɖɩɣa nakɛyɛ taa nɛ kɛwɛ Henley Street tɛtʊ taa. Ɛ-caa kɛ katolika tʊ.
Ɛ-tɛ takayɛsɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tragédies[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
- Antwaanɩ nɛ Kleyopaatri (')
- Koriolaŋ (')
- Hamlɛtɩ, Danɩmarkɩ Wiyaʋ Pɩyalʋ (')
- Juulɩ Séezarɩ (')
- Makɩbɛɛtɩ (')
- Ɔtɛloo yaa Feniizi tɛ Moori]] (')
- Lear Wiyaʋ]] (')
- Romeyoo nɛ Juliyeti]] (')
- Timoŋ, Atɛɛnɩ tɛtʋ tʋ]] (')
- Titi Andronikusi]] (')
- Troyilusi nɛ Krɛɛsɩda]] (')
Comédies[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Pièces historiques[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
- Wiyaʋ Ɛdʋwardɩ naadozo dʋ" ('')
- Wiyaʋ Richard naalɛ dʋ" ('')
- Wiyaʋ Richard naadozo dʋ (')
- Wiyaʋ Henri naanaza dʋ, 1, 2 (')
- Wiyaʋ Henri kagbanzɩ dʋ' ('')
- Wiyaʋ Henri loɖo dʋ, 1, 2, 3" (, Part 1, Part 2, Part 3)
- Wiyaʋ Henri luutozo dʋ (')
- Wiyaʋ Jean (')


text:
Louis Armstrong
Louis Armstrong kɛ minziiki ŋgʋ payaɣ size jazz yɔ kɩhʋlʋyʋ yaa kɩ-soo maɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ.Palʋla-ɩ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ taa, efemiye yaa kɩyakʋ naanaza (4) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1901 n̄ɩŋga taa. Lone yaa tɛtʋ ndʋ payaɣ-tʋ size Nouvelle-Orléans yɔ tɩ-taa.
Palʋla-ɩ ɖajaa Louis Armstrong kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ paya-ɖɩ size Louisiane yɔ ɖɩ-taa. Ɛsɩba efemiye loɖo (6) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1971 n̄ɩŋga taa kɛ Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ tɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ ndʋ payaɣ-tʋ size Niyuu Yɔrɩkɩ yɔ tɩ-taa. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, pasɩma ɖajaa ɛnʋ nɛ ɛ-hɩɖɛ kɩsɛsɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ kɩsɛsɛyɛ nɖɩɩ yɔ: Satchmo.
Afrika nɛ Amerika ajɛɛ anɛ, a-samaɣ ɖɩgbɛndɩ tɛ mʋsɩ labʋ yaa sɔnzɩ cɩmɩŋ liɖe wɛ samtʋ wendu ndʋ etewa yɔ tɩ-taa. Pʋwɛ ɖɔɖɔ, ajɛɛ ana a-sɔnzɩ kpeekpe labʋ alɩwaatʋ taa nɛ pɩtasɩna wɛtʋnaɣ sakɩyɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ. Abalʋ Armstrong ɛnɛ, ɛlaba minziiki ŋgʋ kɩtɔyaɣ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ.
Samaɣ sɔɔla ɛtɛ minziiki ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ ɛzɩ nabʋyʋ yɔ. Pɩtɩŋgɩna ɛtɛ ɖeu nɛ camɩyɛ labʋʋ ɛgandɩyɛ, nɛ ɛtɛ wezuu kɩpaŋgʋ caɣʋʋ, nɛ pɩtasɩna ɛtɛ ɛyʋtʋ kɩpandʋ wɛʋ e-wendu teu alɩwaatʋ taa, nɛ ɛtɛ camɩyɛ lakasɩ nɛ ɛ-sɔlɩm mbɩ yɔ, tɩŋgɛ paɣɩ yebina nɛ ɛkɛ ɛtɛ alɩwaatʋ taa kɛ ɛyʋ kɩtɩlɩɣ siŋŋ kɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ.
Armstrong maɣmaɣ lɩzɩna teu yɔɔdaɣ kɩpaŋga nakɛyɛ nɛ ɛhaɣ kɛ hɩɖɛ size scat. Mbʋ yebina nɛ ɛpɩsɩ jazz wendu teyu weyi, ɛkawɛ ɖoŋ siŋŋ kɛ ɛtɛ wɛɛ taa yaa ɛtɛ alɩwaatʋ taa yɔ. Pɩgbaʋ nɛ ɖoo ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ hiŋ naanaza yaa nɩɩnaza taa mbɩ yɔɔ yɔ, jazz hʋlʋyʋ sɔsɔ Armstrong ɛnɛ, ɛlaba cɔʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Ɛcɔ ajɛɛ sakɩyɛ taa. Ɛnʋ samaɣ tɩlaɣ size ɛkɛna jazz hʋlʋyʋ sɔsɔ kɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ.


text:
Kanɖʋ
Pɔlɔɔn̄ɩ tʋ nɔɔyʋ lubina kanɖʋ. Ɛkɛ kɔ pɛdɩyʋ. Payaɣ-ɩ se, "Ignacy Lukasiewicz". Pɩnaɣ 1853 taa elubi-kʋ. Pɩkɛ fɩtɩla ŋgʋ kɩwɛna n̄eneɣa kɩ-tɔbʋʋ tɛɛ yɔ. N̄eneɣa ŋga, ka-taa paɖʋʋ karazɩm. Paɖʋʋ nimaɣ nakɛyɛ n̄eneɣa ŋ́ga ka-taa nɛ nimaɣ ŋ́ga, kɔ-nɔɔ lɩɩna n̄eneɣa nɛ haŋ kiŋ. Nimaɣ ŋ́ga kɔ-yɔɔ kaɖazɩm tɩŋɩɣna nɛ pɔsɔkɩ kɔ-nɔɔ taa miŋ. Kanɖʋ yaɖɛ kendiɣna nɛ heelim eeɖizi miŋ. Kanɖʋ miŋ naɣ ɖeu. Ŋgʋ lɛɣzɩna mutuke kpaɣnɩ pɩnaɣ 1780 taa. Poluba-kʋ nɛ kɩwɛɛ kɛlɛʋ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ mutuke pɩlɩɩna ɛzɩma mbʋ ki-nimaɣ n̄ɔʋ kaɖazɩm n̄ɔʋ mbʋ yɔ. Kaɖazɩm pɩzɩɣ pɩkpa nimaɣ taa pɩtalɩ santimɛtɛnaa hiu mbʋ yɔ. Kanɖʋ ŋgʋ paɖʋʋ kɩ-taa kaɖazɩm mbʋ yɔ, palakɩna tʋmɩyɛ ɖoo taa ɖɩɣa taa. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa lɛ, kanɖʋnaa ḿba, pa-taa nimasɩ wɛ kuluŋkulu. Pɛwɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ paa ŋgʋ nɛ kɩ-n̄ɩɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ. Payaɣ lɛɛkʋ se "bec Kosmos". Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ pɔɖɔɔna-kʋ labɩnaʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Kɩ-kpalɩbanaa pɩzɩɣ pɩzɩɣ pɔhɔ miŋ nɛ ɛtasɩ nandʋʋ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ. Payaa lɛɛkʋ se, "bec Matador". Kʋkʋ n̄eneɣa n̄awalaa nɛ ki-miŋ walɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Kɩ-kpalɩba wɛ wɛtʋ natʋyʋ nɛ pɩhaɣ miŋ waɖɛ se ɛn̄andɩ mbʋ pɩmaɣ-ɩ yɔ.
Kanɖʋnaa mba paba n̄ɛwɛ Amerika tɛtʋ taa yɔ, pa-taa nimasɩ n̄ɛwɛ tayɩ, sɩ-labʋ fɛyɩ kaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Nabʋyʋ taa yɔ pɛkpɛkɩɣ-sɩ naalɛ naalɛ. Pa-kpalɩbanaa wɛ hʋyɩŋ nɛ pɩnaɣ pa-taa camɩyɛ ɛzɩ panaʋ-wɛ "westerns" waa taa yɔ. Kaɖazɩm kanɖʋnaa ḿba, pa-kpalɩbanaa yeki nɛ ɛyʋ pɩzɩ ɛɖɔk-wɛ nɛ ɛyɛlɩna nɛ heelim eeɖiziɣ pe-miŋ. Pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ, kanɖʋnaa kɛwɛ tindima naalɛ taa: Tindimiye kɩpɩnɖɛ: ɖɩɖɩ palakaɣ nɛ heelim mbʋ pɩkpaɣ yɔ pɩsaɣ miŋ. Tindimiye ńɖɩ, ɛyaa yeba-ɖɩ. Tindimiye kɩfaɖɛ: ɖɩɖɩ palakɩ nɛ heelim niɣdiɣ ɖɩnɖɩ. Wayɩ wayɩ n̄ɩnɖɛ ɖɩnɛ , ńɖɩ wɛnɩ ɖeu kpem. Ɖɩkɩlɩ lɛɛɖɛ ɖoŋ. Tindima naalɛ ána, a-kanɖʋnaa ta animasɩ wɛ taŋ tayɩ nɛ a-kpalɩbanaa wɛɛ hʋyɩŋ poyi poyi nɛ pamaɣzɩ ɖaɣlʋʋ. Naʋ: Kanɖʋnaa ḿba pa-naalɛ Kaɖazɩm kanɖʋ. Tindimiye kɩpɩnɖɛ, ɖe-heelim saɣ miŋ. Kaɖazɩm kanɖʋnaa mba pɛwɛ lɛɛlɛɛyɔ (Guillourd lubina-kʋ, ɛkɛ Fransɩɩ tʋ). N̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛ ɖoŋ camɩyɛ yɔ eyolosaa nɛ elubina-wɛ.
Kanɖʋnaa lɛɛla n̄ɛwɛɛ, pan̄ɩkɩɣ kɩn̄ʋʋ pɔ-yɔɔ nɛ pe-miŋ ɖeɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1910 taa poluba-wɛ. N̄ɩɣtʋ natʋyʋ poyolosuu nɛ polukina-wɛ. N̄ɩɣtʋ ndʋʋ yɔ: "cérium", "thorium" nɛ yttrium. Pɩnaɣ 1885 taa heelim taa wondu ndɩ ndɩ n̄ɩnɩyʋ ɖajaa Carl Auer Von Welsbach na-tʋ. Ɛkɛ Otirisi tʋ. N̄ɩɣtʋ ndʋ tɩn̄ɩlɩnzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ɖooo yɔ, wiɖiyi patana n̄ɩɣyʋʋ nakʋyʋ n̄ɩlɩnzɩɣ ḿbʋ. N̄ɩɣtʋ ndʋ nɛ laatiriki miŋ paanaɣ se awakɩ n̄ɩlɩnzʋʋ. Pʋ-yɔɔ pakpaɣ n̄ɩɣtʋ ńdʋ nɛ polubina lɩmɖɛ lɔɔɖa miŋ nɛ mbʋ payaɣ se "réverbères waa" yɔ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ. Poluba kaɖazɩm kaɖʋnaa nɛ Petromax n̄ɩma nɛ n̄ɩɣtʋ ndʋʋna. Pan̄ɩkɩɣ Petromax n̄ɩma yɔɔ kɩn̄ʋʋ nɛ pamʋʋ. Kanɖʋnaa mba polubi-wɛ nɛ n̄ɩɣtʋ ńdʋ yɔ, pɛwɛna n̄eneɣa nakɛyɛ, ka-taa pɔmpɩ ŋgʋ kaɖazɩm tɩŋɩɣna kɩ-taa nɛ pɩkpaɣ mbʋ pʋmʋʋ miŋ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ yɔ. Kpalɩba nakʋyʋ kuluŋkulu n̄ohuuzi pʋbʋ yɔɔ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1920 taa Fransɩɩ n̄ɩma nawa se "Petromax kanɖʋnaa" wɛ ɖeu siŋŋ, ɛlɛ, pa-taa nɔɔyʋ ɛɛlakɩna-wɛ tʋmɩyɛ ɛ-mɩzaɣ yɔɔ.
Ɛlɛ, halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʋ yɔ, kanɖʋnaa ḿba, pɛwɛ Eurɔpʋ tɛtʋ ajɛya sakɩyɛ taa nɛ pɛtɛ pɛwɛɛ Amerika n̄ɩndʋ taa. Pɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ, hɔɔlɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa laatiriki miŋ tɛwɛda yɔ nɛ ɛyaa lakɩ-wɛ nɛ tʋmɩyɛ siŋŋ. Mba ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa ɖʋʋ ɖoo taa nɛ palakɩ tʋma sɔsɔna.
Kanɖʋnaa mba pan̄ɩkɩɣ kɩn̄ʋʋ nɛ pamʋʋ yɔ, pɛwɛ huwa naadozo taa: Kaɖazɩm kanɖʋnaa mba palɩna caama yɔ (Petromax kanɖʋnaa). Pɔɖɔŋa-wɛ lubuu nɛ masɩ ndɩ ndɩ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ ajɛɛ sakɩyɛ taa. Kaɖazɩm kanɖʋnaa mba palɩnɩ Ɛngilisi yɔ ( paba yɔ "Tilley" nɛ "Bialaddin yaa Vapalux". Amerika nɛ Kanadaa paba n̄ɩma. Ɖajaa Coleman lubina-wɛ. Paba taa lɛ, sanzɩ pakɩlɩɣ ɖʋʋ. Kanɖʋnaa nabɛyɛ n̄ɛwɛɛ, paan̄ɩkɩɣ-wɛ kɩn̄ʋʋ nɛ pamʋʋ. Paba lɛ, kaɖazɩm n̄ɩma nɛ sanzɩ n̄ɩma yaa halɩ alɩkɔɔlɩ n̄ɩma. N̄ɩɣtʋ ndʋ tɩn̄ɩlɩzɩɣ siŋŋ yɔ polubini-wɛ. Pɛ-wɛtʋ wɛ ɛzɩ kpaɣ kpou kahʋyaɣ nɛ ŋkpa yɔ. Ɖɩnaɣ-wɛ Caama nɛ Fransɩɩ pa-ajɛɛ taa. Peeye kanɖʋnaa mbaa payaɣ se, "Tito-Landi" kanɖʋnaa. Ɖɩnaɣ-wɛ ɖɔɖɔ pɩkɩlɩ Amerika ɛjaɖɛ taa. Payaɣ-wɛ ɖɩnɛ se, "Aladdin" kanɖʋnaa. Ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, "amsh" egeetiye taa kanɖʋnaa ḿba pakɩlɩ tɔyʋʋ. Paa ɖooye pɔsɔkɩ kanɖʋnaa mba peeye.


text:
Iyowa
Iyowa kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ.
Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩcɔ ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ nɛ tɩta yɔ ndʊ yɔ: Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Hayu kiŋ Minesootaa, Wiskɔnsɛɛ; wisi ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Ilnuwaa, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Misuurii; wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Nebraska nɛ Takota nɛ hadɛ kiŋ.
Iyowa taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Des Moines nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ. Pamaza Iyowa ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 145 743 km2 nɛ ɖenɖe tɛtʊ ñabɩ wɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 144 708 km2 yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe lɩm ñɛwɛɛ yɔ, peeɖe ñɛwɛʊ ɛzɩ 1 035 km2 yɔ pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩtalʊʊ ɛzɩ 0,71 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛŋna 45 ñɩnɖɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Etazuunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ kpeekpe taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɖɩ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ 29 ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsʊ Etaazunii ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa yɔ. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 29 ŋkʊ wiye pɩnaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 2013 taa paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 3 090 416 yɔ.
Payaɣ Iyowa ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ se Kim Reynolds (R) piyele nɛ komina ñʊndinaa kɔyɔ: Chuck Grassley (R), Joni Ernst (R). Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ yɔ Eŋgilisi.


text:
Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Thakur nɛ pɛɖɛyɩɣ-ɩ se Tagore (1861-1941) Palʊla Rabindranath Thakur kɛ agoza fenaɣ lʊbɛ pɩnaɣ 1861 kɛ Ɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ ɛsɩ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ lubɛ pɩnaɣ 1841. Pasɩma-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ se payaɣ-ɩ se Gurudev. Ɛkɛ ñam ñam takayasɩ kɩkalasɩ mayʊ, takayasi kɩkalasɩ mayʊ, wondu teyu, kɛkɛdaɣ mayʊ yaa kɩlɛmɩŋ lɩzɩyʊ nɛ lɔnsɩnɖɛ sɔsɔyɛ maɣzɩm. Ɛ-takayasɩ nzɩ ɛmaa yɔ sɩ-taa tɔmpaza nɛ tɩlyɛlɩ keteŋa kpeekpe nɛ pɩkɩlɩna pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ nɛɛlɛ taa. Pɩnaɣ 1931 taa paha-ɩ takayaɣ mayʊ tɛ samtʊ takayaɣ. Takayasɩ nzi nzi ɛmaa yɔ pakpaɣ sɩ-taa sakɩyɛ nɛ papɩsɩna kɛlɛm kɛlɛm taa, mbʊ payaɣ se sinemaa yɔ; nɛ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Satyajit Ray yɔ ɛnʊ kɩlɩna tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ labʊ.
Raindranath Tagore wɛ ɛndʊ layaa sɔsa mba payaɣ se Kalikuta yɔ pa-taa nɛ ɛpaɣza ɛ-tɛ keesi takayasɩ maʊ lɛ ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ litoozo.
Ɛɛ wɛna pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ litoozo lɛ ɛma takayaɣ nakayɩ nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ hɩɖɛ se « wɩsɩ tɛ tɔɔyʊʊ ». Ɛma ɛ-tɛ kacalaɣ takayasɩ nzɩ payaɣ se tɩram yɔ pɩnaɣ 1877. Lɔŋ weyi pasɩɩza-ɩ ɛ-ɖɩɣa yɔ nɛ ɛzɩma ɛɛcaɣ Silayidaha yɔ (ɛ-caa ma ɖɩɣa nakɛyɩ kɛ peeɖe) yɔ piweba nɛ Tagore pɩsɩ weyi etisiɣ mbʊ mbʊ ɛnaɣ yɔ piɖeke puyɔɔ.
Tagore wɛ mba pakʊyɩ Piritaniki sʊsaa lɩmaɣza yɔɔ yɔ nɛ weyi ɛñɩ nesɩ ɖɔɖɔ kɛ Gandhi lɩmaɣziyɛ yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ se Ɛndɩ ɛmʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caɣʊ yɔ. E-wezu caaʊ wɛ pʊtɔdɩyɛ; elesa ɛ-hɔʊ taa mba payɩ. Mbʊ pɩsɩŋgaɣna-ɩ yɔ mbʊ lɛ ɛ-takayasɩ ndɩ ndɩ nzɩ ɛma yɔ tʊma wena ɛlakaɣ Santiniketaŋ, Visva-Bharati sukuli sɔsɔʊ taa yɔ.


text:
Azɛrbayɩjanɩ
Azɛrbayɩjanɩ kɛna hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se Kookaazɩ yɔ ɖɩ-taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɩ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ ɖenɖe Erɔpʊ nɛ Azii pɛtɛyɩ-ɖama yɔ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se Paaku yɔ, ndʊ kɛŋna ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖi-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ liidiya nɖɩ pɔtɔkjɩ-ɖɩ peeɖe yɔ payaɣ-ɖɩ se manatɩ.
Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa, ajɛya wena acɔ-ɖɩ nɛ ata yɔ anaa lɛ, Armenii nɛ Turki; hayu kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Zɔɔrzii ɛjaɖɛ wɛna. Yee pɩkɛ hayʊ kiŋ kɔyɔ, Rusi nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, Iiraŋ ɛjaɖɛ wɛna.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlɩʊɣ sukulinaa taa yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ azeri. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 86 600 km2 ɛlɛ ɖenɖe lɩm wɛɛ yɔ peeɖe takɩlɩ wqalɩɣ lɛ, paacazɩɣ natʊyʊ yɔɔdʊ. Hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 2017 taa pakala ɛyaa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 9 867 250.
Kɩyɛna fenaɣ 30 pɩnaɣ 1991 kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ- ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ weyi palɩza-ɩ yɔ, ɛnʊ payaɣ se Ilham Aliyev nɛ komina yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ payaɣ se Artur Rasizada.


text:
Pɔlɔɔñɩ
Pɔlɔɔñɩ kɛna Erɔpɩ nɛ hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ. Ajɛya wena acɔ-ɖɩ nɛ ata yɔ ana yɔ: wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Caama nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Ukirɛɛnɩ nɛ Piyeeloorusi, hayʊ kiŋ ɛlɛ Kaliniŋgiraadɩ nɛ Liituwaanii, piyele nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Cɛɛkɩ nɛ Siloovaaki.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe taa lɛ Pɔlɔɔñɩ kɛna 34 ɛjaɖɛ kɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa. Pakala ɛyaa ɛlɛ pɛkpɛdɩ miliyɔɔnaa 38.
Pɔlɔɔñɩ wɛ aŋgba ndɩ ndɩ taa: Eerɔpɩ ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ taa ɖooo agoza fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 2004, Eerɔpɩ lɔŋ-tasɩyaa ŋgbɛyɛ taa, keteŋga kpeekpe tada laɖaa ñɩnɖɛ taa nɛ ajɛya kpeekpe kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa.
Caanaʊ tɔm ñɩnɩyaa nabɛyɛ tɔŋ se ɖooo pɩnaɣ 966 kɛ Pɔlɔɔñɩ tɛtʊ taa ɛyaa paɦzɩ wɛʊ nɛ kacalaɣ wiyau kɔyɔ Mieszko Ier. Ɛlɛ Pɔlɔɔñɩ keyiitʊ paɣzɩɣ yɔ pɩnaɣ 1025 taa.
Salaŋ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1939 keteŋga kpeekpe you naalɛ ŋgʊ paazʊʊ yɔ Pɔlɔɔñɩ kɛ pɩpaɣzɩnaa. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Reich tuda-kʊ yɔ
Ɛsɩyɛ-egbena tɔm taa lɛ Pɔlɔɔñ ɛjaɖɛ taa wɛɛ sɔzɩŋ: Hɔɔlɩŋ hiu nɛ naanza wɛ UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ nesi nɛ kɩpɩŋjazɩ lonaa ñatalɩ 54.


text:
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ, Pɛrɩsanɩ taa lɛ, فارسی yaa پارسی kɛ Iraŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa kʊnʊŋ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ peeɖe (Pɛrɩsɩ) nɛ Afganistani (Afghanistan) nɛ Tajiikisitaŋ ajɛyɛ taa ɖende kɩ-kɛ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ yɔ, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Bahrein nɛ Azerbaijaŋ nɛ Iraŋ (Pɛrɩsɩ mba cɩkpema) nɛ Ruusii nɛ Uuzɩbékɩsɩtaŋ (Tajiiki mba cɩkpema). Kɩlɩna Indɩ-Iraŋ agbela taa nɛ kɩ-tɛ lɛ Indɩ Eerɔpʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ cejewiye taa.
Kʊnʊŋ kɩ-tɛ yɔɔdɔɣ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ laɖʊ nɛ lakaɣ tɛzɩyʊɣ nɛ lakaɣ. Ɖeeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ, pamaɣ Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Arabɩ nɛ Pɛrɩsanɩ tɛ masɩ, Arabɩ masɩ lɛɛzɩŋ ŋgʊ sɩ nɛ zɩ payaɣ ɖama nabʊyʊ nɛ sɩ-wɛna tʊkaɣ nɛ ɖama kpaɣ tɔm cɔlʊʊ nɛ nɔɔ salasɩ tʊmɩyɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Kpaɣ Tajiikisitaŋ nɛ Ruusii nɛ Azerbaijaŋ nɛ pɩtalɩ Uzbɛkɩsɩtaŋ ɖenɖe papɩsɩ-kʊ Sɩlavɩ mba kʊnʊŋ, pamaɣ Tajiikɛ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Sɩlavɩ mba tɛ masɩ.
Payaɣ-kʊ se fārsi (فارسی) Iraŋ nɛ Afɩgaanɩsɩtaŋ ajɛyɛ taa mbʊ kɛnɛ Arabɩ wɛtʊ taa yatʊ Parɩsɩ taa. Arabɩ masɩ taa fɛyɩ abalɩ mayaɣ P, Parɩsɩ yatʊ kɛ egeetiye taa yatʊ kɩbɩndʊ ɛlɛ, kɩnɩyaa nabɛya ɖɩna-kʊ labɩnaʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ɛzɩ Hazara nɛ Tajiiki (kɩ-kɛ Azii Hɛkʊ taa yɔɔdɔɣ nakɛyɛ) yaa Dari (Afgaanɩsɩtaŋ egeetiye taa yatʊ). Ɛyaa mba pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ payaɣ se Pɛrɩsanofonɩ waa.
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊn kɛ kʊnʊŋ nakʊyʊ Indɩ-Iraŋ liɖe taa Indɩ Eerɔpʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ cejewiye taa. Kʊnʊmɩŋ kpɛlɛkɩyaa ɖanɩ maʊ piliŋga ŋga kɛ-tɛ huuu nɛ ɛsɩnda ɖɛnɛʊ yɔ. Pɛrɩsanɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ (avestique nɛ achéménide pɛrɩsɩ) hɛkʊ pɛrɩsanɩ (pehlevi, parthe nɛ sassanide pɛrɩsɩ), nɔnɔ pɛrɩsanɩ (dari…).
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ sɔɔzʊʊ masɩ naanza Arabɩ masɩ yɔ. Masɩ nzɩ sɩ-tɛ lɩna mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ se nɔɔsɩ naanza nasɩyɛ lɩʊ Pɛrɩsanɩ yɔɔdɔɣ taa ɛlɛ, sɩ-fɛyɩ Arabɩ taa, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-nɩɩlɛ ɛlɩnɛ cejewaa ndɩ ndɩ taa. Payaɣ masɩ nzɩ se Pɛrso-Arabɩ masɩ.


text:
Purkina Fasoo
Purkina Fasoo kɛna Afrɩka nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛta ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ- ɖooo lɛ se: Hooti Foltaa. Teŋgu tɔcɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ nɛ pɩta kpɛɛɛ. Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hayɩ kɩŋ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ Malii ɛjaɖɛ wɛna kamaɣ yɔɔ; wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Nizɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ yee hadɛ kɩŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kɔ yɔ, Peenɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ. Purkina Fasoo nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, Togo nɛ Kana ajɛya wɛna piyele wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hadɛ kɩn lɛ, Kootidiivʊwarɩ tɛtʊ. [ Purkina Fasoo tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɔyɔ Wagaadugu nɛ tɩwɛ Purkina Fasoo tɛtʊ hɛkʊ taa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Afrɩka ajɛya kpeekpe kpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa nɛ CEDEAO ñɩnɖɩ taa. Keteŋga kpeekpe taa lɛ, yee pakpaɣ ajɛya hiu wena akɩla kʊñɔŋ taa wɛʊ kɔyɔ, pana ɖɔɖɔ Purkina Fasoo.
Ɖooo lɛ, Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ kakpacayaɣna-ɖɩ picɔ ɖɩkɔɔ ɖɩhiu ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1960. Papaazɩɣ yaʊ se Purkina Fasoo yɔ pideleɖi; Thomas Sankara kewiyaɣ taa kɛ papɩsɩnaa mbʊ kɩyɛna fenaɣ nanza pɩnaɣ 1984.
Ŋ̃ʊndɩna mba peɖiya Purkina Fasoo ɛjaɖɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna sɔnɔ yɔ, mba yɔ: Maurice Yaméaogo (1960-1966), Sangoulé Lamizana (1966 1980 ), Saye Zerbo (1980 to 7 Kamɩŋ fenaɣ 1982), Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo (1982 to 11 Kamɩŋ fenaɣ 1983), Thomas Sankara (1983—1987), Blaise Compaoré (1987-2014), Honoré Traoré, ɛkɛna Blaise Compaoré lone taa caɣyʊ nɛ fenasi naalɛ ɖeke ɛlaba nɛ Yacouba Isaac Zida ñakpaɣ nɛ ɛlɛ la kɔzɔɖɔna naalɛ nɛ eyebina Michel Kafando, Gilbert Diendéré. Kpana salaŋ fenaɣ 2015 nɛ nnsɩɩna saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ 2015 ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛnʊ cɔŋna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ nɛ pɔtɔ caca nɛ palɩzɩ weyi lɛ, ɛɛkɛ Purkina Fasoo ñʊʊdʊ.


text:
Orville nɛ Wilbur Wright
Ɖalaa panɛ : Orville Wright nɛ Wilbur Wright kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Amerika ɛjaɖɛ yɔ ɖɩ-taa piya yaa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-n̄ɩma. Ɖalaa panɛ, pɛkɛ abalaa sɔsaa tandɩŋ tɩna nabɛyɛ. Peyeba pa-tandɩŋ pa-tamasɩ tɛɛ. Palʋla ɖajaa Wilbur Wright nɛ pɩcɔ palʋlɩ ɖajaa Orville Wright. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ size Wilbur Wright lɛɣ wɩsɩ naʋ Orville Wright.
Palʋla ɖajaa Wilbur Wright kɛ aloma fenaɣ taa kɛ efemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ nakʋ (19) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1871 n̄ɩŋga taa. Pɩkɔma kɔlaɣ fenaɣ taa kɩyakʋ yaa efemiye hiŋ naadozo yaa niidozo (30) n̄ɩŋgmʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1948 n̄ɩŋga taa kɛ ɛsɩba pɩnzɩ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ lʋbɛ (77) taa.
Ɖajaa Wilbur Wright ɛlɛ lɛ, ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ palʋla-ɩ efemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ loɖo (16) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1867 n̄ɩŋga taa. Agoza fenaɣ ɛfemiye niidozo yaa hiŋ naadozo n̄ɩŋgʋ taa ɛsɩba pɩnaɣ 1912 n̄ɩŋga taa pɩnzɩ hɩŋ kagbanzɩ nɛ kagbanzɩ (55) taa.
Pɛkɛ ɖalaa naalɛ mba, samaɣ yaa sakɩyɛ sɩma wɛ siŋŋ yɔ. Pɛkɛ Amerika taa kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ mba mba, pɛkɛ ɛsɔtaa lɔɔɖa saɣaa sɔsaa yɔ. Ɖajaanaa yaa ɖa-ɖalaa pɛkɛ palakɩ tʋma sɔsɔnaa ndɩ ndɩ. Pa-tʋma lɛɣnaa yɔ : pɛkɛ n̄ɩnɩyaa sɔsaa, nɛ pana n̄aɣyaa sɔsaa yaa tamaɣ lɩzɩyaa sɔsaa.
Kʋɖʋmaɣ mba, palakɩ ɖɔɖɔ n̄ʋʋ taa luɖaa tʋma yaa n̄ʋʋ taa maɣzɩm tɩnaɣ tʋma. Pɛkɛ mayaa sɔsaa nɛ ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa saɣyaa sɔsaa siŋŋ ɖɔɖɔ. Pɛtɛma leenduu ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa yaa tɛɛɛ tɛɛɛ ɛsɔdaa lɔɔɖaa kʋyʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ labʋʋ lɛ, pɔyɔɔdɩ kalaɣ nɛ tisuu siŋŋ size, mba tɛma lɩzɩzʋʋ mba tɛ kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ lɔɔɖɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkʋyʋʋ ɛsɔdaa taa yɔ lɛ pɩnaɣ 1902 n̄ɩŋga kanɛ ka-taa.


text:
Pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ
Pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ (utérus) kɛna ɛyʋ yaa tɛtɛ kpɩna wena alʋlʋʋ pɩya kʋlʋlʋ yɔ a-tɛ halɩtʋ taa ɖenɖe pɩɣa cakɩ yɔ. Pɩɣa ɖɩcaɣyɛ kɛ halʋ taa lɛ, pɩkɛna e-kooka tɛɛ. Ɖɩcaɣyɛ nɖɩ Pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ kɛna ɛyʋ yaa tɛtɛ kpɩna wena alʋlʋʋ pɩya kʋlʋlʋ yɔ a-tɛ halɩtʋ ɖɩwɛ kodiye kamaɣ yɔɔ tɩyɛ. Lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa nɛ calɩm hosi sakɩyɛ. Pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋ-nɔsɩ yɔɔ nɛ hɩlɩŋ (ovaire) naalɛ nɛ nɛ ɩnʋ kɛna mbʋ pɩtasɩɣ pɩɣa yɔɔ hʋʋzʋ camɩyɛ yɔ.
Halʋ taa pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛ kooka tɛɛ nɛ kɩwɛ pɩndɩcɛɛʋ (pelvis) cɔlɔ kpam. Nʋmʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛ kulubi nɛ kɩwɛna hɔɔlɩŋŋ sɔsɔŋ naatozo: ɖenɖe pɩɣa cakɩ yɔ, aŋŋwa ŋgʋ kʋhʋʋzɩɣ kɔ-yɔɔ yɔ nɛ pɩtasɩna nɛ payaɣ-kʋ se sondu (col utérin). Hɔɔlɩŋ ɩnʋ hɛŋa cikpelaɣ nakayɩ wɛɛ. Pɩtɩsɩɩna alɩwaatʋ ndʋ halʋ lʋlʋʋ lɛ kɛ pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ taa huɖuu (endomètre) cɩyɩɣ nɛ kɩlɩɩ ɛlɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ halʋ yaa halɩpɩɣa kaalakɩ fenaɣ lɛ (menstruation).
Fenaɣ labʋ lɛ pɩwɛ ndɩ ndɩ halaa cɔlɔ. Pɩwɛɛ se pɩsɩɩna kɩyakɩŋ 28 kɛ fenaɣ taa ɛlɛ nabayɩ ɛɛtalɩɣ mbʋ yaa pɛɖɛɛ pʋyɔɔ. Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ halʋ hakɩ hɔɔ lɛ, kiluzɔnuu (fœtus) ɖɩɣna paɣlɩɣ lɛ, nʋmʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩɖɩɣna ɖɔɖɔ hou. Lʋlʋʋ wiye lɛ, pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ ŋgʋ kihou ɖoŋɖoŋ nɛ pɩsa nɛ pɩga yasɩ sɔŋdʋ nɛ kalɩɩ. Pɩɣa lɩɣ kpa lɛ, pɩɣa nʋmʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩcaŋu kɩkpɩɩsɩ-kɩtɩ nɛ fenasi naalɛ wayɩ lɛ kɩwɛʋ ɛzɩ ɖooo lɛ yɔ.


text:
Seelandɩ Kɩfalʊʊ
Seelandɩ Kɩfalʊʊ kɛna Oseyaanii taa ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩwɛ Pasifiki Lɩŋamʋʋ nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛ tɛʈʊ ñabɩ ndʊ lɩm cɔ-tʊ nɛ pɩta yɔ nɛ ɖiposina Ositiraalii nɛ kilomɛtanaa ɛzɩ kutokiŋ naalɛ yɔ. Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natulɛ kpɛndɩna nɛ pɩla Seelandɩ Kɩfalʊʊ mbʊ yɔ. Tɛtʊ ñbɩ cikpetu natʊyʊ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ: Sitewarɩti nɛ Saatam.
Seelandɩ-Kɩfalʊʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-tɛ caanaʊ tɔm wɛ tobi yem mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɛyaa pazɩʊ caɣʊ peeɖe yɔ pɩtɩkɩlɩ leeɖɩɣ.
Sɩŋŋŋ taa lɛ Maworiti mba woba peeɖe kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1050 nɛ 1300 taa nɛ pʊcɔ Erɔpɩ mba ñatalɩ peeɖe kɛ pɩnaɣ 1642. Ɛlɛ Pɩritaaniki mba kpacayɩʊna-ɖɩ kaɣlaa kpaɣ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ looɖo wiye pɩnaɣ 1840. Pɩtɛ efemiye wiye ɖɔɖɔ Seelandɩ Kɩfalʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩtɔkɩ kɩ-ɛjaɖɛ kasandʊ sɔsɔtʊ.
Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caaɣʊ kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ 26 pɩnaɣ 1907 ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 1947 taa kɛ Seelandɩ Kɩfalʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩpaɣzɩʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ yeli. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdɩɣ yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ Eŋgilisi, ŋgʊ pawɩlɩɣ sukulinaa taa nɛ komina tʊma taa. Pɔyɔɔdɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ tɩgbayɩŋ kunʊŋ nɛ maworii kʋnʋŋ ɖɔɖɔ.


text:
Afrɩka tɛtʊ tɔm
Mbʋ pɩɩlaba Afrɩka taa payɩ, kpaɣ ɖooo caanaʋ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩnɩ sɔnɔ nɛ pɩɖɛɛ yɔ, payaɣ se Afrɩka caanaʋ tɔm. Roma n̄ɩma n̄aakpaɣ Afrɩka tɛtʋ nɛ tɩ-hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ ɖeɖe nɛ payaa se Afrɩka. Pʋwayɩ yɔ paya tɛtʋ ńdʋ tɩtɩŋa se Afrɩka. Ɛsɔ halɩn̄ɩnʋ nɔɔyʋ payawaɣ-ɩ se "Ifri". Ɛnʋʋ Afrɩka n̄ɩma n̄aakpaɣa se pɛ-ɛsɔ. Ɛkɛ Bɛɛrɩbɛɛrɩ n̄ɩma ɛsɔ halɩn̄ɩnʋ.
Paa pɩɩla ɛzɩma yɔ, Afrɩka wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ɛyʋ lɛɣ wɛʋ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ. Ɛwɛʋ yɔ, pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ miiliyɔɔ waa 2,5 mbʋ yɔ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, ɛyaa ɖɔʋ nɛ pɔɖɔʋ halɩ nɛ pɔkɔɔ pawadɩ Afrɩka tɛtʋ tɩŋa yɔɔ. Pʋcɔ nɛ caanaʋ tɔm paɣzɩ lɛ, lɩŋgamɩŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩyɛ kɛwɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ payaɣ lɛɛlɛyɔ se sahara yɔ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, sahara pɩsɩ kan̄ɩmbusuu ɛjaɖɛ. Sahara ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩtɛyɩna Afrɩka tɛtʋ hɔɔlɩŋ sɔsɔŋ naalɛ. Sahara nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya nɛ Sahara nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa n̄ɩna. Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa caanaʋ tɔm nɩɣzɩna Meediteeranii teŋgu caanaʋ tɔm. Ajɛya wena alɛ n̄ɛwɛ Sahara nɛ pɩ-tɛɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa yɔ, alɛ tɔm n̄ɛwɛɛ.
Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe naʋ lɛɣzɩtʋ sɔsɔtʋ naadozo mbʋ payaɣ se "tɛkɩniiki" yɔ pʋ-nʋmɔʋ taa yɔ, ḿbʋ ɖɔɖɔ Afrɩka caanaʋ tɔm nawa. Lɛɣzɩtʋ ńdʋ tiyeba nɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ ɖɔɖɔ lɛɣzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ.
- Kajalaɣ lɛ, ɛyʋ lubi miŋ. Elubu-i yɔ, pɩtala pɩnzɩ 800 000 yaa 400 000 mbʋ yɔ. Miŋ yeba nɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ lɛɣzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ.
- Nabʋlɛ lɛɣzɩtʋ kɔyɔ mbʋ payaɣ se "néolithique yɔ. Lɛɣzʋʋ nabʋlɛ n̄ɩmbʋ pʋnɛ; pɩlɩwa pɩtala ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 8000 yaa 2 000 mbʋ yɔ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Lɛɣzʋʋ naalɛ n̄ɩmbʋ pʋnɛ piyeba nɛ haɖaʋ nʋmɔʋ lɛɣzɩ sakɩyɛ.
- Lɛɣzʋʋ nabudozo lɛ anasaayɩ n̄ɩɣtʋ lubu nʋmɔʋ. Mbʋʋ payaɣ se "révolution industrielle". Lɛɣzʋʋ nabudozo n̄ɩmbʋ pʋnɛ piyeba nɛ ɛyʋ tɩlɩ mbʋ payaa se "énergie électrique nɛ énergie fossiles nɛ énergie fissiles yɔ.
Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa samaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Pɛɛrɩbɛɛrɩwaa (Berbères) yɔ kɛwɛɛ. Ɛyaa mba payaɣ se "Phéniciens waa yɔ pɛlɛɣna kpacayɩɣ Pɛɛrɩbɛɛrwaa. Paba wayɩ lɛ, Tunisii ɛjaɖɛ taa n̄ɩma n̄akpacayɩ-wɛ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, Rooma n̄ɩma nɛ Arabʋ n̄ɩma kpacayɩna-wɛ. Sɔnɔdaa mbʋyɔ, Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa malɩŋ kɩla ɖɔʋ. Anasaayɩnaa n̄azɩ Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya ɖɔɖɔ.
Afrɩka « Sub-saharienne» ajɛya n̄ɔwa nɛ awɛɛna kewiyasɩ ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛlɛ, pɩkɔma kpaɖɩŋ VII taa lɛ, Aaraabʊ ajɛyɛ sʊna a-Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ ajɛya ana a-taa nɛ pɩlɛɣzɩ pe-wezuu caɣʊ nɛ pɔ-sɔnzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ajɛya sɔsɔna nazɩ Afrɩka ajɛya pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1910 nɛ ŋwolo ŋsɩɩna pɩnzɩ 1975 taa Afrɩka ajɛya lʊba nɛ alɩɩ kʊhʊlʊm yomiye taa nɛ piyele awɛɛ a-tɩ yɔɔ.
Sahara nɛ pɩtɛɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya taa n̄ɩma n̄aɖʋ kewiyisi ndɩ ndɩ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, kewiyisi ńzɩ sɩ-taa sakɩyɛ sʋʋ malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Tobo se Afrɩka ajɛya kɛwɛ yomiye taa nɛ pʋcɔ pazɩ pazɩ alɛɛ yomiye ńɖɩ ɖɩ-taa nɛ awɛɛ a-tɩ yɔɔ lɛɛlɛyɔ. Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1910 nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1975 taa Afrɩka ajɛya lʋba nɛ alɩɩ yomiye taa.


text:
Ɛsɩpaañɔlɩ yaa kasɩtɩlanɩ kʊnʊŋ kɛ Romanɩɩ kʊnʊŋ nakɛyɛ nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ kɛ Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Amerika ajɛyɛɛ sakɩyɛ taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ kedeŋga taa ajɛyɛ wena paamʊ a-tɛtʊ nɛ ɖoŋ ɖoo canaʊ alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ a-daa.
Spanish speaking countries 2011
Ɛsɩpaañɩ kʊnʊŋ lɩna Latɛnɩ cɩkpelʊʊ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Cantabrique egitiye taa nɛ Ibérique ɛjaɖɛ ndɩ lɩm cɔɣɔ pɩta yɔ nɛ hayi kiŋ, kɩ-mɩzɩ nɛ kɩtɩŋgʊ Castille kewɩyaɣ walanzɩ pɩkɔ pɩtalɩ Afrika kedeŋga taa nɛ Amerika kedeŋga nɛ Aazii Pasɩfɩkɩɩ taa. Ɖɩnaɣ se kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ talɩʊ kɛ ajɛyɛ ana ada lɩna Ɛsɩpaañɩ ajɛyɛ tamaasʊ walanzɩ yɔɔ (empire espagnol) kɛ waasɩ hiʊ nɛ kɩgbaanzi nɛ hiʊ nɛ nakʊ alʊwaatʊ taa, canaʊ wɛɛɣ ana ayebina nɛ Romanɩ kʊnʊŋ kɛ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩ kʊ yɔɔdʊʊ nɔnɔ kɛ ajɛyɛ taa yɔ.
Ɛsɩpaañɩ pɩsa lʊlʊʊ taa kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kʊ-yɔɔdɩyaa tala ɛzɩ miliiyɔɔ waa 468 nɛ mba palakɩ na kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ kedeŋga taa yɔɔdʊtʊ taa yɔ paba talɩ ɛyaa miliiyɔɔ waa 559. Mbʊ kɩ-kɛ kʊnʊŋ naatozo ŋgʊ kɛ kedeŋga taa yee ɖɩkpaɣ mba panɩʊ kʊ yɔ kɛ Sinii mandarɩnɩ nɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ wayi nɛ kɩ-kɛ naalɛ ŋgʊ yee ɖikpaɣ mba palʊla kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-ta nɛ pɔɔyʊʊ -kʊ yɔ. Ɛsɩpanñɩ kɛ kacalaɣ kʊnʊŋ lɛɛkʊ ŋgʊ ajɛyɛ yɔɔdʊʊ na ɖama yɔɔ nɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ nɛ Fransɩɩ tɔm.
Teacher and students in the garden95


text:
Édith Piaf
Édith Piaf kɛ hendu teyu nɛ tanaʋ laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Palʋla-ɩ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ nakʋ (19) ñɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1915 taaPaarii tɛtʋ taa. Paarii tɛtʋ kɛna Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ. Aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu (10) ñɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1963 ñɩŋga taa ɛsɩba. Pɩwɩ-ɩ siŋŋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛsɩkɩ. Grasse tɛtʋ ɛsɩba ɛ-pɩnzɩ nɩɩnaza nɛ lʋbɛ ñɩnzɩ taa. Ɖoɖoo Édith Piaf hɩɖɛ kɩsɛsɛyɛ kɛlɛ Giovanna Gassion. Ɖoɖoo ɛnɛ ɛ-nɔɔ taa kɩlɩ tʋŋ leleŋ.
Ɖoɖoo Édith Piaf hayɩsɩna ɖajaanaa panɛ nɛ papɩsɩ hendu luɖaa nɛ teyaa sɔsaa. Ɖajaanaa mba, pa-hɩla kɔyɔ : Yves Montand nɛ Charles Aznavour nɛ Georges Moustaki. Ɖoɖoo Édith Piaf tɛ minziki payaɣ se music-hall.
E-minziki mabʋ maɣmaɣ yɔɔ pakʋma-ɩ hɩɖɛ se ''la Môme Piaf''.
Ɛma takayɩsɩ nzɩ yɔ, sɩ-taa nasɩyɛ hɩla yɔ :
Wezuu caɣʋ pɛɛyɛɛ taa (La Vie en rose) nɛ Aayɩ maakpiɖiɣ nabʋyʋ yɔɔ (Non, je ne regrette rien) nɛ Sɔɔlɩm kɩɖaʋ wendu (Hymne à l'amour) nɛ Ma wataŋga taa tʋ (Mon légionnaire) nɛ Samaɣ (La Foule) nɛ Milord nɛ Mɛ-Ɛsɔ (Mon Dieu) yaa ɖɔɖɔ se L'Accordéoniste.
Ɖoɖoo Édith Piaf hɩɖɛ sɛ siŋŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ pɩlɩɩnɩ e-wendu tue yɔɔ.


text:
Abrɩham
Abrɩham kɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe mba pɛwɛna lidaʊ Ɛsɔ yɔɔ yɔ pɔ-cɔzɔ. Ɛ-tɔm pakɩlɩ yɔɔdʊʊ Takayaɣ Kiɖeɣa taa Nɔɔ Haʊ kɩbɩm hɔɔlʊʊ taa, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Kiɖe tɛɛ tɔm Takayaɣ taa. Patasɩ ɛ-tɔm yɔɔdʊʊ Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Tɔm takayaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Kooraɣ yɔ ka-taa. Takayaɣ ŋ́ga ka-taa lɛ, paya-ɩ se Ibirahim. Pɩwɩlɩɣ se Abɩrɩham kɛŋna ɖɔ-cɔzɔnaa taa cɔjɔ kajalaɣ tʊ weyi pɔcalɩ ɛ-tɔm yɔɔdʊʊ Takayaɣ Kiɖeɣe taa yɔ. Pakpaɣ-ɩ se ɛnʊʊ ɖʊna Yuuda n̄ɩma Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Yuudaayism yɔ. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛyʊ sɔsɔ kpem Krɩstʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nʊmɔʊ taa tɩŋɩyaa ɛsɩndaa. Malɩŋ ŋgbɛyɛ, [[Iizilaam|Iizilaam] ɖɔɖɔ cɔlɔ lɛ, ɛkɛ pɔlɔɔyasɩ tɩnaa kagbaanzɩ taa tʊ lɛlʊ.
Pɔ-lɔɔyasɩ tɩnaa naanza lɛlɛ kɔyɔ : Nowee nɛ Moyiizi nɛ Yeesu nɛ kpaagbaa tʊ yɔ Mohamɛɛdɩ. Pɔ-tɔbʊʊ se Malɩŋ ŋgbɛyɛ, Iisilaam n̄akpaɣ Yeesu se ɛkɛ pa-nayʊ yaa pɔ-lɔɔyaɣ tʊ. Patakpaɣ-ɩ se ɛkɛ Ɛsɔ maɣmaɣ. Ŋgʊ Ɛsɔ tɔm takayaɣ Kiɖeɖeɣa n̄akaɖa kpayɩ se Yeesu kɛ Ɛsɔ. Ɛsɔ maɣmaɣ pɩsɩnɩ ɛyʊ nɛ ɛkpaɣ ɖo-tomnaɣ nɛ ɛcaɣ ɖɛ-hɛkʊ taa alɩwaatʊ cabɩ nɛ pʊcɔ ɛ-sɔɔlɩm lɛ, ɛlaa ɛ-tɩ kɩlaʊ kedeŋa kpeekpe n̄ʊʊ yabʊtʊ yɔɔ.
Abrɩham kɛ Araabʊ n̄ɩma nɛ Ebre n̄ɩma pɔ-cɔjɔ. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛyaa mba petisaa se Ɛsɔ kʊɖʊm ɖeke koŋ wɛna yɔ pɔ-cɔjɔ.
Tɔm ndʊ Ɛsɔtɔm takayɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔdɩ Abrɩham yɔɔ yɔ nɛ tɔm ndʊ n̄ɩnɩyaa sɔsaa n̄ɔyɔɔdʊʊ ɛ-yɔɔ pɩɩŋna pa-n̄ɩnʊʊ nʊmɔʊ taa yɔ, tɩɩɖʊʊ ɖama taa ɖeu. Pɔyɔɔdʊʊ se tɔm ndʊ Ɛsɔtɔm takayɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔdɩ Abrɩham yɔɔ yɔ, pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩla se pɛsɛ ɛ-tɔm yɔɔ kɛzaɣ pazɩ. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʊ yɔ, patanada se ndʊ Ɛsɔtɔm yɔɔda Abrɩham yɔɔ yɔ, pɩlaba mbʊ siŋŋ yaa tɩtɩŋɛ tɩtala mbʊ.
Ɛsɔtɔm takayaɣ taa pɔɔŋ se pepimi Abrɩham Ebrɔnɩ tɛtʊ taa. Ŋgʊ Yuuda n̄ɩma n̄ɔtɔŋ se pepimi-i kaaʊ hɛŋga sɔsaɣ taa sɩʊ kpelaɣ sɔsaɣ liu tɛɛ. Toovonum lɛ, peeɖe Yuuda n̄ɩma piŋ pa-caanaʊ ɛyaa.


text:
Kamɩyɛ
Kamɩyɛ kɛna tɩʊ ŋgʊ kʊlʊlʊʊ tɩŋ piye nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ ɖɔɖɔ se kamɩyɛ yɔ. Kamɩyɛ yaa kama wɛ ndɩ ndɩ: naayɛ sɛ kpaʊʊ ɛzɩ leemuu lɩm yɔ nɛ lɛɛna ñahʊlɩma kpalala. Ɛzɩ piye ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ kamɩyɛ hatʊ wɛɛ pɩkɩlɩna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɖɩpʊwa yɔ.
Pahayʊ kamɩyɛ tataa nɛ ɖɩlɔkɩ peeɖe ɛzɩ tɩmʊ yɔ. Pʊcɔ nɛ kamɩyɛ lʊlɩ lɛ ɛyʊ ɛnaa ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛtɔ se tɩmʊʊ piye ñɔna. Ɛzɩ tɩŋ pee lɛɛna sakɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, kamɩyɛ tɩʊ nɛ mbʊ kʊlʊlʊʊ yɔ payaɣ pɩtɩŋga mbʊ se kamɩyɛ.
Kamɩyɛ wɛna wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ: naayɛ ɖaɣla lɔbɔɔ lɔbɔɔ nɛ lɛɛna wɛ kɔŋgʊlʊm kʊŋgʊlʊm. Kama tomnasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ ɖɔɖɔ: naayɛ saʊ ɛzɩ sʊtʊ lɩm yɔ nɛ lɛɛna tomnasɩ wɛ ɛzɩ tɩŋ hɛtʊ yɔ. Tɩʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-hayʊ fɛyɩ kaɖɛ caaa.
Papɩzʊ pahayɩ-ɛ paale pɩkɩlɩna ɖenɖe mʊzʊŋ wɛɛ yɔ, ɛzɩ saŋ taa mbʊ yɔ. Papɩzʊ pɔtɔɔ kamɩyɛ nɛ lɛŋ yaa patɩzɩ nɛ pɔtɔɔna nʊm yaa pʊsa yaa cambaɣbaɣ. Papɩzʊ poɖoŋgɩ-ɖɩ yaa ɖɔɖɔ paɖʊzɩ nʊm taa. Kamɩyɛ lɩʊ sɔzɩŋ camɩyɛ. Palakɩ kamɩyɛ tɛ pɛtɛpɛtɛ papɩzʊ paɖʊ nandʊ kuɖoŋgɩtʊ yaa lɩm ñɩndʊ yaa waagasɩ.


text:
Ɛkɩzisitaɣsɩ (existence)
Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, tɔmbiye ɛkɩzisitaɣsɩ «existence» tɔbʊʊ lɩzʊʊ caɣ kaɖɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Kabɩyɛ taa lɛ, ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se wɛʊ yaa wezuu caɣʊ. Tɔmbiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa. Nabʊyʊ taa lɛ, tɔmbiye «existence» nɛ fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa tɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se ɛyʊ wɛʊ wezuu yɔ. Nabʊyʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ cakʊʊ nɛ pileɖiɣ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ yɔ, halɩ wezuu caɣʊ kɔɔ pɩlɩɩ-ɩ sɔŋ.
Lɛɣtʊ piliŋa nakɛyɛ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ piliŋa ŋga se metafiiziki (métaphysique). Lɛɣtʊ piliŋa ŋga kɔyɔɔdʊʊ se fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa tɔmbiye «existence» nɛ tɔmbiye «Essence» patɩlɩɣ ɖama.
Toovenum lɛ, tɔmbiye ɛkɩzisitaɣsɩ nɛ fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɩna latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa. Laatɛɛ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, payaɣ se «existere» yaa «exis-tance», pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ wɛʊ hɔɔlʊʊ nɛ e-keem yɔ yaa se ɛyʊ wɛʊ wondu cɔlɔ yɔ. Tɔmbiye «existence» nɛ fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa tɔbʊʊ lɩzʊʊ pʊnɛ pʊwɩlɩɣ se ɛyʊ ɖeke cakɩna wezuu. Wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ lɛɛtʊ wɛ kɩwɛʊ yem. Tɔm tʊnɛ, ɖajaanaa panɛ Jean-Paul Sartre nɛ Martin Heidegger nɛ Emmanuel Lévinas pɔkaɖɩna-tʊ. Ɖajaa Heidegger yɔɔdaa se ɛyʊ ɖeke koŋ caɣna wezuu, wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ lɛɛtʊ nɛ kpɩna ndɩ ndɩ wɛ kɩwɛʊ yem, patacaɣ wezuu.


text:
Arɩzaɣ
Tɛtɛɛ ñɩɣlɩm mbʊ payaɣ se arɩzaɣ yɔ. Pɩkɛ kɛ siimii wonuu nakʊyʊ. Pɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ñɩɣlɩm wonuu nakʊyʊ. Pama se «Ag» yɔ, pɩwɩlɩɣ se pɩkɛ. Arɩzaɣ mayaɣ kɛ 47. Nabʊyʊ taa yɔ, payaɣ arɩzaɣ se metaliki yaa arɩzaɣ metalɩ. Ɛlɛ, tɔsʊʊ laɖaa ñaɖʊ tokaɣ nakɛyɛ arɩzaɣ metalɩ nɛ arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Papa kpaɣ arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ se ŋgʊʊ palakɩna tʊmɩyɛ tɔsɩŋ nʊmɔŋ taa.
Hɔɔlɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa palakɩna arɩzaɣ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
- Palakɩ arɩzaɣ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ sowɛyerii (joaillerie) nɛ Ɔrɩfɛvrerii (orfèvrerie) pa-taa. Hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-taa lɛ, pakpaɣ arɩzaɣ se kɩkɛ metalɩ kɩñɩlɩnzʊʊ. Pakpaɣ-kʊ ɖɔɖɔ se kɩkɛ metalɩ ŋgʊ pohuuzuuna nabʊyʊ yɔɔ yɔ. Metalɩ ŋgʊ lɛ, kalɩvanoplastii (galvanoplastie) lɛɣtʊ palakɩna-kʊ.
- Palakɩ liidiye pɔɔyasɩ nɛ arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ.
- Pɩnaɣ 1976 taa arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ palabɩna liidiye pɔɔyaɣ nɩɩnʊwa Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa.
- Palakɩ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ elɛkɩtroniki nɛ laatriki pa-nʊmɔŋ taa. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ hɔŋ laatriki miŋ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ [[kwivri] ñɩɣyʊʊ. Ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ tɩhɔŋ laatriki miŋ payɩ yɔ tɩ-taa lɛ, arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ kɩlɩɣna laatriki miŋ hɔm.
- Palakɩ ɖɔɖɔ arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ fotonaa lɩzʊʊ lɛɣtʊ nʊmɔʊ taa.
- Minziiki nʊmɔʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ palakɩ arɩzaɣ ñɩɣyʊʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, kɩ-ñɩɣyʊʊ palakɩna minziiki ndɩ ndɩ.
- Arɩzaɣ ñɩɣlɩm ñɩɣyʊʊ tɔtɔyɩ, mbʊ labɩna nabɛyɛ ñɔtɔŋ se kɩtatɩɩfɛyɩ.


text:
Vasco da Gama
Vasco da Gama kɛ Pɔrɩtɩgalɩ tʋ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛwɛna tandaʋ siŋŋ kɛ ɛ-tamaɣ tɛɛ yɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ size ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi, ɛsɔɔla ɛ-tandaʋ yebu yɔ. Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa payaɣ-ɩ kɛlɛʋ yem size Vasco de Gama. Samaɣ yaa ɛyaa sakɩyɛ mba pasɩma-ɩ yɔ, pɔdɔŋ ɛ-tɔm size, paa pɩɩla ɛzɩma yɔ, pɩnaɣ 1460 n̄ɩŋga yaa 1469 n̄ɩŋga taa mbɩ yɔ palʋla-ɩ.
Egeetiye yaa tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa palʋla-ɩ yɔ, ndʋ payaɣ size Sines, kɛ Pɔrɩtɩgaalɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa peeɖe. Ɛsɩba saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ taa kɛ efemiye yaa kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ naanza yaa hiŋ naalɛ nɛ naanza (14) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1524 n̄ɩŋga taa mbɩ yɔ. Ɛsɩba nɛ kife nɛ krɩstʋ mba tɔɔ Yesuu krɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ yɔɔ tɔzʋʋ tɛ kazandʋ. Lone yaa tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa palʋla-ɩ yɔ, ndʋ payaɣ size Cochin tɛtʋ. Tɛtʋ tʋnɛ, tɩwɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Ɩndɩ (Inde) yɔ.
Ɛkɛ lɩm yɔɔ nʋmɔŋ woɖu yaa ɛsɔdaa heɣlim taa saɣʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ siŋŋ kɛ Pɔrɩtɩgaalɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ taa. Sɔnzɩ tɔm taa siŋŋ yaa sakɩyɛ maɣzɩm taa lɛ, ɖajaa sɔsɔ Vasco da Gama kɛ pakpaɣ size ɛkɛ, kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ tʋ kɛ anasaayɩ waa tɛ ɛjaɖe taa, weyi ɛnʋ sɩzɩ ɛlɛɣ talɩɣ Indɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Patɩŋana lɩm pɔɔ nɛ pɛɖɛ pɔcɔ tɛtʋ ndʋ payaɣ-tʋ size cap de Bonne-Espérance yɔ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1498 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Ɛ-caa payaɣ size Estêvão de Gama, ɛkɛ Pɔrɩtɩgaalɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Ɛlɩna cejewiye yaa hɔʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa yɔ, kɩwɛ n̄ɩm, nɛ kɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ leleŋ hɔʋʋ. Ɛnʋ kɛna wiyau sɔsɔ weyi, ɛɛkɛ tɛtʋnaa panɛ : Sines nɛ Silves pɔyɔ kandɩyʋ yaa yɔɔ cɔnɛyʋ. Ɛnʋ kɛna ɖɔɖɔ ordre de Santiago, nɛ Isabel Sodré pawɩlɩyʋ sɔsɔ. Ɖajaa Estêvão de Gama nɛ ɖo-ɖoo Isabel Sodré pɔhɔʋʋ wɛna piya kagbanzɩ.
Ɖɩ-hɩla paɣzɩna sɔsɔ yaa kɔɔnɔɔ tʋ pɩkɔ pɩsɩna tɩnʋʋ : Abalɩ pɩɣa kɔyɔ; Paulo da Gama, nɛ João Sodré, nɛ Vasco de Gama, nɛ Pedro da Gama, nɛ Buenos da Gama nɛ halɩ pɩɣa kʋɖʋmaɣ kaakaɣ yɔ : Teresa da Gama ŋga kawala yaa kawalʋʋ yɔ Lopo Mendes de Vasconcelos yɔ.


text:
N̄ʋʋ
N̄ʋʋ kɛ sakɩyɛ yaɣ ɖɔɖɔ size kalɩyaɣ. N̄ʋʋ yaa kalɩyaɣ kɛna mayaɣ yaa yʋsaɣ ŋga kasɩɣna yaa pakpakʋ kɛ nɛ pamana matʋ paa ndʋ yɔ. N̄ʋʋ yaa kalɩyaɣ wasɩɣ nɛ pama tem n̄ʋʋ yaa pilim n̄ʋʋ. Pilim n̄ʋʋ yaa tem n̄ʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɛ n̄ʋʋ sɔsɔʋ. Pɩkɛ mɩnaɣ n̄ʋʋ ŋgʋ paɖaɣna kʋ yaʋ ɖɔɖɔ size pɩlʋʋ tɛ n̄ʋʋ yaa cɔlʋʋ tɛ n̄ʋʋ kɛ laɣsɩ pɩlɩtʋ ɖʋʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Hiu hiu laɣsɩ yaa hiu hiu ɖɔnɛ kɛna lakayaɣ ŋga pakɩla tɩlɩʋ siŋŋ kɛ matʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa yɔ.
Hiu hiu laɣsɩ sɩnɛ, sɩwɛnɛ n̄ʋŋ matʋ mayasɩ hiu nɛ nzɩ lɛɣzʋna n̄ʋŋ masɩ yee ŋgba kpɛɖɛ (0) ŋgɔ nzɩna nakʋ (9) kɔyɔ. Ɖakpaɣ ɛzɩ-ɩ hiu hiu laɣsɩ taa yaa hiu hiu ɖɔnɛ taa kɔyɔ, ɖɩpɩzʋʋ ɖɩma n̄ʋʋ nɩyɛ : ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ-ɩ, pamaʋ size hiŋ naalɛ nɛ lʋbɛ (27) kɛ mbɩ yɔ, ɖɩnaɣ size pɩkɛna n̄ʋŋ naalɛ matʋ. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size ɖɩmaɣ naalɛ (2) nɛ pɩkɔɔ lɛ ɖɩtasɩ maʋ lʋbɛ nɛ pakpɩtɩna ɖama.
Pɩtɛ matʋ ndʋ tɩ-naalɛ pɛkpɛm kɛ pakalɩʋ size hiŋ naalɛ nɛ lʋbɛ. Hiŋ naalɛ nɛ lʋbɛ n̄ʋʋ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ wondu cɛŋga nakayɛ. Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pakalɩʋ nɛ pama size hiŋ naalɛ nɛ lʋbɛ kɛ mbɩ yɔ, mbʋ ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɖɩnaɣ n̄ʋʋ naalɛ wɛ matʋ natʋlɛ taa. N̄ʋʋ naalɛ ɖeke ɛzɩ pamaʋ size naalɛ (2) yɔ, wɛ wɛtʋ natʋlɛ taa.
Papɩzʋʋ pama naalɛ (2) ɖeke kɛ kɔɔnɔɔ taa, pama ɖɔɖɔ naalɛ nɛ n̄ʋʋ nakʋyʋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ-ɩ pamaʋ size naalɛ nɛ pakpɩtɩ-ɩ nɛ n̄ʋʋ lʋbɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pɩpɩsɩ size naalɛ kɛ hiu ɛlɛ pɩtɛkɛ naalɛ yɔ. Paa n̄ʋʋ ŋgʋ lɛ, kɩkɛ manaʋ yaa tɔm kɩmamatʋ mayaɣ. Yee ɛyʋ ɛcaɣ size ɛyɔɔdɩ n̄ʋʋ nakʋyʋ tɔm yaa ɛzɩ-ɩ ɛyaɣ kʋ kɔyɔ, pɩtɛkɛ size ɛmaɣ kʋ nɛ panɩ kʋ-tɔm ndʋ ɛcaɣ size ɛyɔɔdɩ yɔ, ɛlɛ, ɛyaɣ kɩ-hɩɖɛ nɛ ɛyʋ nɩɩ lɛ ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛma-kʋ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ kɩ-tɛ masɩ tɩŋgɛ.
N̄ʋʋ nakʋyʋ hɩɖɛ pɩsɩɣ pʋwɛ kɛlɛʋ ɛzɩ payaɣʋ size hiu nɛ loɖo (16) nɛ pamaɣ kɛlɛʋ nɛ fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa "seize" yɔ. N̄ʋʋ kʋyʋ masɩ pɩsɩɣ pʋwɛ kaɖɛ ɛzɩ payaɣ size hiu nɛ lʋbɛ nɛ pamaɣna fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "dix-sept" yɔ. N̄ʋʋ matʋ sɔsɔtʋ kaɖɛ n̄ɩndʋ natʋyʋ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ, tɩɖɔɖɔkʋ ɛzɩ-ɩ n̄ʋŋ nanza yaa pɩɖɛ mbʋ yɔ. N̄ʋʋ naaza n̄ɩŋgʋ nakʋyʋ kɔyɔ : kudoku nɛ taŋga nɛ canta (1525).


text:
Platɩnɩ
Platɩnɩ kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 78 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Pt. Platɩnɩ kɛ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi pamakɩ-ɩ nɛ hama yɔ, palaka-ɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ pʊcɔ Kolombii wɛɛ kɛ Amerika ɛjaɖɛ taa. Paa ɖoye taa lɛ, kajalaɣ kɩkɛdɩnaʊ ŋgʊ kɩlɩ Erɔpʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1557 wɛɛ taa kɛ ɛyʊ nɛ ɛ-tʊma yɔɔ maɣzɩm tɔm taa Jules César Scaliger takayasɩ taa (1484 - 1558) kɛtʊʊ ɛ-tɔm nɛ ɛtɔŋ se ɛkɛ hama ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi ɛlɩna Ɛndɩ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ yɔ nɛ keeke lɛ ɛwɛɛ Darién (Panama) nɛ Mexico hɛkʊ taa.
Ɛsɩpañɩ ɛyaa paawokaɣ Amerika ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ yɔ caŋ patɩ ya-ɩ se plaɩna pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se liidiye cikpeɖe, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ palɩ ɛ-yɔɔ ɛzɩ kɩlʊlʊʊ yɔ nɔnɔɔ Kolombii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Lɔnsɩɖaa maɣzɩ ɛ-tɔm se ɛcaɣa ɛkɛ liidiye ɛlɛ pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ, pɩcaɣ pɩwɛɛ ɛzɩ liidiye cikpeɖe nɖɩ ɖɩñɩlɩsɩɣ yɔ nɛ peniŋgiyi-ɩ.
Ɛsɩpañɩ kewiyaɣ taa sɔsaa, mba paatɩna ɖoŋ ñɩɣlɩm kɛtɛɖaɣ tɛtʊ naa nɛ wondu naa yɔ kpaɣ-ɩ ɛzɩ wonuu mɛfɛyɩ wazaɣ yɔ nɛ pɔtɔŋ pɔlɔ-ɩ pɔɔ taa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ sɔndʊ kpaɣa-wɛ se mɩlɩm ndɩ ndɩ, ɛzɩ ɖɩkpaɣ se pamazɩna-ɩ nɛ poluki liidiye pɔɔyɩsɩ kɛtɛkɛsɩ. Ɛndɩ nɛ Kolombii ɛyaa kaawɛ ñʊʊ taa maɣzɩm siŋ (nɛ pɔtɔŋ se ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi paapɩzɩ pɛlɛzɩ-ɩ yɔ, ɛlɛ papɩzɩɣ pamabɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ tɛyɩŋ piŋ) kɛlɛ palakɩ-ɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ piŋ ɛzɩ ɖɩtɩsɩyɛ wondu sakɩyɛ mbʊ yɔ, malɩfa pɛɛ nɛ malɩfa naa taa kaŋ.
Platɩnɩ weyi paa anɩ ñɩnɩɣ se ɛna yɔ, keeke lɛ palaba ɛ-yɔɔ tʊmɩyɛ lɛ sɔɔja nɛ tɩnzɩ yɔɔ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ Antonio Ulloa tʊ (1716 - 1795), ɛ nɛ Jeorge Juan y Santacilia (1713 - 1773), mba wiyaʊ Philippe 5 tʊ Ɛsɩpañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa kaaɖʊwa powolo Fransɩɩ lɛɣtʊ tɩnaa tʊmɩyɛ ɖeɖe Peruu (1735 - 1745). Wondu naa lalaa mba patatɩɩ nata yɔ, Ulloa na platina del pinto, pɩkɛ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ weyi patatɩɩ huyita-ɩ yɔ pana ɛ nɛ sika ñɩɣlɩm.


text:
Sɛzɩyɔm
Sɛzɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 55 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Cs. Ɛkɛ ɖʊʊyʊ ñɩɣlɩm pʊtʊ nɔyʊ nɛ e-tomnaɣ yɔɔ wɛɛ liidiye tɩyɛ, pʊcɔ eyoli lɛ pɩtalɩɣ 28 °C, ɛñɔtɩna ɛjaɖɛ taa soŋgaɣ (CNTP), ɖenɖe mbʊ yɔ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛpɩsɩ lɩm yɔ. Pʊtʊ ɛnʊ nɛ kalɩyɔm nɛ rʊbɩdɩyɔm nɛ merɩkɩrɩ weyi eyeke koŋ ɛkɛ lɩm ñɩɣlɩm ɛjaɖɛ taa yem yɔ pɛkpɛnda wɛtʊ.
Ɛ-tɛ kpɛlɩ wɛtʊ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ rʊbɩdɩyɔm nɛ pɔtasɩyɔm yɔ, nɛ patɩŋga mbʊ yɔ pɛ-tɛ ɖoli kʊyʊm. Ɛwasɩɣ nɛ ɛɛladɩɣ miŋ mʊʊ helim taa, pɛkpɛnda ɛ nɛ lɩm kɔyɔ ɛwasɩɣ paa ɛtasaa miŋ. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ lɩna krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa caesius, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛsɔmɩnʊʊ yuulee, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ paya-ɩ mbʊ yɔ panaɣ cɛŋga yuulee ŋga nakayɛ ɛ-tɛ mʊntʊsʊʊ weluu taa. Robert Wilhelm Bunsen nɛ Gustav Robert Kirchhoff ñɩnɩna nɛ pana sɛzɩyɔm pɩnaɣ 1860 pɩtɩŋna Dürkheim lɩm mʊntʊsʊʊ weluu yɔɔ. Fenasɩ cabɩ lɛdaa lɛ pana rʊbɩdɩyɔm ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ mbʊ yɔ.
Mbʊ lɛ panaɣa Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩnaɣ 2008 wɛɛ taa kɛ lakʊ taa afanaa nɛ pa-nandʊ kaakɩlɩ ɖɔʊ Bq/kg. Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ hiu mbʊ yɔ (1999 ŋtalɩ 2008), wiluu tʊma naayɛ wɩlɩɣ se afanaa 656 mba agbama kʊ Ravenbourg ageeta taa (Caama nɛ hadɛ kiŋ, pʊñɔtɩna ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Suwisi ɛjaɖɛ kamaɣ) ɛzɩma pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛdɔ kpɩna ana a-taa yɔ.
Pɩɖalɩɣ kɔyɔ ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩtɔ se pɩlɩna ɛzɩma ɖɩtɔkɩ pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɖo-lotu taa yɔ. Pʊwayi lɛ, calɩm kpakɩ-ɩ nɛ pɩɖɛʊna halɩ pɩwɛɛ ɛzɩ ɛcaɣ ɛ-lɛzʊʊ lone taa ɛlɛ yɔ pɔtasɩyɔm. Pruse yuulee tʊ weyi nɔɔ tɔkɩ liki sɛzɩyɔm nɛ taalɩyɔm lotu taa, nɛ ɛnɩ pɩndʊ nɛ tʊtʊ ñepiɣi yuulee.


text:
Rʊpɩdɩyɔm
Rʊpɩdɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ amyaɣ kɔyɔ 37 nɛ mayaɣ mayaɣ Rb. Ɛkɛ ɖʊʊyʊ ñɩɣlɩm pɩyʊ, ɖɔfɩɩ nɛ ɛwɛ liidiye sɛmɩŋ tɩyɛ nɛ pʊcɔ eyoli lɛ pɩpɔzɩɣ se ɛsa miŋ ɛtalɩ 39,3 °C. Papɩzɩɣ peyele-ɩ helim taa nɛ eeyoli, Sɛzɩyɔm nɛ kalɩyɔm, merɩkɩrɩ yeke kɛna lɩm ñɩɣlɩm wonuu ŋgʊ paa kɩɩwɛ helim taa ɛzɩma yɔ.
Ɛ-hɩɖɛ lɩna latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa se rubidus (pʊ-tɔbʊʊ kɩsɛmɩŋ), pɩlɩna lɩtɩyɔm mʊntʊsʊʊ weluu sɛmɩŋ cɩɩɩ cɛnzɩ. Pɩnaɣ pɩsa lɛ, palɩzɩ-ɩ eyeke pɩtɩŋna Bunsen yɔɔ. Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ ɖʊʊyʊ wondu lɛɛtʊ yɔ, ɛ nɛ helim pakatɩ ɖama kpa ɛmʊ miŋ nɛ padʊ-ɩ lɩm taa pɩwasɩɣ.
Rʊpɩdɩyɔm tɛ kɩlɔrɩ (RbCl) kɛ pʊtʊ weyi pakɩlɩ-ɩ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ Rʊpɩdɩyɔm taa yɔ. Ɛnʊ pakɩlɩɣ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ wezuu kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊma ɖeɖe. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ kaŋwa lone taa caɣyʊ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa. Rʊpɩdɩyɔm pʊtʊ naa lalaa kɔyɔ Rʊpɩdɩyɔm hɩdrɔzɛnɩ tɛ ŋgʊ ɛlɛ pʊʊzʊʊ pɩkɩlɩɣ sɔdɩyɔm nɛ kaŋwa maɣmaɣ. Rʊpɩdɩyɔm kaŋwa (RbCO3) palakɩna tʊmɩyɛ mʊntʊsʊʊ ñɩlɩŋ ɛzɩ kuwiviri nɛ Rʊpɩdɩyɔm (Rb2SO4•CuSO4•6H2O).
Palakɩ-ɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ajana mʊntʊsɩŋ weyi pɔtɔ-ɩ ɛsɔta yɔ, palakɩ-ɩ kɔɔ sakɩyɛ ɖɔkɔtɔ naa taa, palakɩ-ɩ alɩwaatʊ wɩlɩɣ ñɩɣyʊ, ɖɔɖɔ ɛnʊ palakɩna tʊmɩyɛ calɩm ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa yaa sɛrɔm naa ɖʊ ɖeɖe,


text:
Sagrada Família
Sagrada Família, kɛ payana katalan kʋnʋŋ taa tobi size Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família. Yaa Ɛsɩpaañɔlɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia. Kɩ-hɩɖɛ kɛlɛʋ kɛlɛ Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size Kɩwɛɛkɩm yɔɔ kʋn̄ɔŋ yaa siziŋ nɩʋ tɛ Hɔʋ kiɖeɖeu kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ (temple expiatoire de la Sainte Famille).
Sagrada Família kɛna paasiliki, ŋgʋ laʋ sɔsɔ papʋ Ɖajaa Benoît XVI kpaɣ-kʋ nɛ ɛɖʋzɩ Ɛsɔ nesi tɛɛ evemiye lʋbɛ ŋgʋ wiye kamɩŋ fenaɣ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2010 taa. Pɩkɛna wɛɖʋ nakʋyʋ ŋgʋ pakɩla kʋʋ sɩm yɔ, Katalan wɛtʋ kɩfatʋ yaa lɛɛlɛɛ yɔ taa.
Kɩkɛ sɩɣgbelaɣ ŋga, kɛwɛ kɩlɛmʋʋ yaa kumoɖe tɩyɛ yɔ peeɖe tɛtʋ taa. Pɩkɛna ɖajaa mayʋ sɔsɔ Antoni Gaudi tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtɛ yɔ. Sagrada Família wɛna kooka ŋga ka-hɩɖɛ kɛ ɖɔɖɔ se yaa paya-kɛ size Eixample yɔ. Mayʋ luɖuu ɛnʋ, ehiu n̄ɔzɩtʋ kɩpandʋ camɩyɛ pɩŋŋ nɛ ɛn̄ɔzɩna kuduyuu ŋgʋ. Maya ŋga ke-yebina nɛ kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ kʋnɛ, kɩ-pɩsɩ keɣa sʋsɔ hama n̄ɩŋga. Mayʋ sɔsɔ ɛnʋ, ɛwɩlaɣ ɖɔɖɔ kalaɣ nɛ abalɩtʋ, matʋ sɔsɔtʋ tʋnɛ, tɩ-matʋ kele kele wɛtʋ.
Wɛɖʋ ŋgʋʋ pʋmʋnaɣ se patɩlɩna tɔʋ wɛɖʋ, ɛzɩ kpaɣsɩ yɔ yaa sɩɣgbelasɩ saɣtʋ ɛzɩ pɩmaʋ ɖoo kiɖe tɛɛ yɔ nɛ, pɩtasɩna kuduyuŋ sɔsɔŋ ɖeke lɩzʋʋ. Pɩlɩɩna n̄ʋʋ yaa kalɩtʋ ndʋ palaba tʋ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2004 tɛ alɩwaatʋ taa mbɩ yɔ lɛ, pehiwa nɛ patɩlɩ size, Sagrada Família kɛna kumoɖe yaa sɩɣgbelaɣ ŋga Ositraalii ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, ɛsɩyɛ gbena yaa agɔma kɩlɩ wobi se ka-naʋ siŋŋ yɔ.
Agɔma woki Sagrada Família kumoɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩnaʋ pɩkɩlɩ kumola lɛɛna anɛyɔ : Alhambra de Grenade nɛ pɩtasɩna Prado keɖeyaɣ wonduu kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩwɛ Maadiriidi tɛtʋ taa. Pɩnaɣ 2012 alɩwaatʋ taa mbɩ yɔ lɛ Sagrada Família kumoɖe ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-hɔma agɔma ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔ waa 3,2 mbɩ yɔ. Ɖajaa mayʋ sɔsɔ Antoni Gaudí, yebina nɛ pɔtɔɔ yesu krɩtʋ lʋlʋʋ nɔnɔ tʋlʋʋ tɛ kazandu.
Ɖajaa ɛnʋ ɛmana ɖɔɖɔ Ɛsɔ kuduyuu tɛɛ pɩlaŋ. Ɛ-tʋma sɔsɔna anaa ŋgbɛ nɖɩ paya se UNESCO, ɖɩ-ya pɩnaɣ 2005 taa size, ɛyʋ matʋ yaa wɛʋ tɛ n̄ɩm (patrimoine de l’humanité). Ɛzɩma ɛnʋ sɩzɩ, kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ kʋnɛ kɩkɛ kʋwɛɛkɩm yɔɔ kʋn̄ɔŋ tɔʋʋ yaa siziŋ nɩʋ kuduyuu mbɩ yɔ lɛ, ɖɩnɩɩ mbʋ size kʋn̄ɔŋ tɩna haɖɛ sɩnana nɛ palabɩna kuduyuu ŋgʋ kʋtʋma kpeekpe payɩ.
Ɖɩ-taɣsɔɔ size kumoɖe ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-maʋ taakɛ ceɣka tʋmɩyɛ. Pataapɩzɩɣ kɩ-kɩlɔmɩŋ maʋ kɛlɛʋ. Ɛlɛ, ɖoo pɩkpaʋ nɛ pɩnzɩ 1990 waa taa kɛ mbɩyɔ yɔ, agɔma sakɩyɛ kpeɣluu kumoɖe nɖɩ ɖi-lone taa nɛ kumoɖe nɖɩ, ɖɩ-hɩɖɛ sɛʋʋ yaa ɖɩ-hɩɖɛ tɩlʋʋ kedeŋa yɔ yeba nɛ ɖi-kosaɣ n̄ɩm huu siŋŋ.
Barselone egeetiye tɛ cɔjɔ sɔsɔ kewiyaɣ kpeŋgbelaɣ yaa ɖɩjaɣyɛ yaa ɛzɩ kpelaɣ kɛ payaɣ size Eulalie kiɖeɖeu Ɛsɔ kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ (cathédrale Sainte-Eulalie). Kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ, pama-kʋ hɛkʋ nɛ hɛkʋ wɛɛ alɩwaatʋ taa. Nɛ kɩwɛ kooka ŋga payaɣ kɛ se gothique yɔ kɛ-hɛkʋ taa.


text:
Tɩnozɔɔrɩ
Tinozɔɔrɩnaa wɛ ɖomaa yaa tɛtɛ wendu ndʊ tiduu ti-lotu yɔɔ yɔ tɩ-pɩlɩʊ taa. Tinozɔɔrɩnaa yɔɔ wɛ pɔɔya ɛzɩ kpakpasɩ, kɩlakɩŋ yaa kamasɩ yɔ. Ɖooo caanaʊ taa wondu kpɛlɛkɩyaa yɔɔdʊʊ se Tinozɔɔrɩnaa wɛʊ yɔ, palɩna sʊmasɩ pɩlɩʊ taa. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se paakɛ sʊmasɩ nɛ pʊcɔ papɩsɩ Tinozɔɔrɩnaa. Mbʊ pɩwɩlɩʊ siŋŋŋ yɔ lɛ se Tinozɔɔrɩnaa nabayɛ yɔɔ nɛ kalɩhʊndʊ yaa sɩmasɩ hʊndʊ.
Pɩnzɩ mɩnɩʊ nzɩ sɩtɛma ɖɛʊ yɔ sɩ-taa nɛ pɩnzɩ sɩnɛ sɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ pana Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ Tinozɔɔrɩnaa nabayɩ nɛ mbʊ tasɩɣna wɩlɩʊ camɩyɛ se sumasɩ nzɩ ɖɩnaɣ yɔ, sɩ-cɔzɔnaa kɔyɔ Tinozɔɔrɩnaa. Ɖooo ɛzɩ Tinozɔɔrɩnaa lɩʊ pɩnaɣ XIX taa nɛ XXI taa ɖɔɖɔ mbʊ yɔ, ñɩnɩyaa taatɩɩpɩzɩta pɛkɛdɩ camɩyɛ Tinozɔɔrɩnaa hʊndʊ sɛmɩŋ yaa wɛtʊ.
Tinozɔɔrɩnaa tɛ ɖaɣlakɩŋ taa wɛ ɛzɩ mɛtanaa 8 nɛ 10 yɔ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa piyele nɛ pɛtɛ hɩlɩmʊʊ taa yaa pɛtɛ yʊŋ taa talʊʊ ɛzɩ 600 nɛ 900 kg yɔ pɛhɛkʊ taa. Sɔnɔ taa mbʊ yɔ, Tinozɔɔrɩnaa kɛŋna tɛtɛ kpɩnaa wena akɩlɩ hʊŋ nɛ ɖaɣlakɩŋ yɔ kɛ keteŋga kpeekpe taa.
Tinozɔɔrɩ ŋgʊ pana kʊ-mɔɔ awɛ atɩŋga nɛ pamaazɩ-yɛ yɔ, pana se kɩ-ɖaalakɩŋ kpaʊ yɔɔ tala ɛzɩ mɛtanaa hiu nɛ naalɛ yɔ piyele kɩ-ɖaalakɩŋ lɔɔ taa lɛ, pɩɖɛ ɛzɩ mɛtanaa naalɛ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ yɔ. Tinozɔɔrɩ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ hʊŋ hɩlɩmaɣ taa lɛ pɩxɛ ɛzɩ tɔɔnɩnaa 30 nɛ 60 pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Pʊtɔzʊ ɖɔɖɔ tu weyi ɛwɛ Afrika tuuye naɖɩyɛ taa yɔ ɛ-tɔm. Tu ɛnʊ ñaakɛŋna keteŋna kpeekpe yɔɔ kpɩnɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɩla yʊŋ yɔ nɛ ɖɩ-yʊn taa wɛ tɔɔnɩnaa lʊbɛ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ. Tinozɔɔrɩ ŋgʊ kɩkɩla ɖaalakɩŋ yɔ patʊʊ-kʊ hɩɖɛ se Diplodocus nɛ kɩ-ɖaalakɩŋ taa wɛ mɛtanaa 27; paana-kʊ pɩnaɣ 1907 taa.


text:
Tɩgbayʋ
Tɩgbayʊ kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩnɛ naŋgbanzɩ naanza n̄ɩnɖɛ. Ɛlʊlʊ e-piya kʊlʊlʊ nɛ sɩmʊzʊ-ɩ. Tɩgbayʊ wɛ “Primate” waa taa. Tɩgbayʊ sɔɔla tɩŋ yɔɔ kpaʊ kamaɣ fɛyɩ. Ɛ-ɛsɩnda ɖaalɩ pazɩ nɛ hʊndʊ fɛyɩ. Ɛ-ñʊ palɩ pazɩ nɛ ɛwɛna acɩya, acaɣ wɛʊ ɛzɩ ɛyʊ naŋgbanzɩ nɛ nesi yɔ. Ɛwɛna nembe nɛ cɩkpaŋ. Ɛzima ɛna ɛyʊ palɩ ɖama yɔ, pʊyɔ kɛ ñɩnɩya kpaɣ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ mɩnɩŋ nɛ pañɩnɩ nɛ pɔkɔɔ pana mbʊ pɩtaama ɛna ɛyʊ tomiye yɔ.
Ɖooo kiɖe taa mba taa lɛ, yaa naŋgbanzɩ naanza mba tyaa lɛ, tɩgbayʊ pazaa ɛwɛna ntɩ kpem. Tɩgbayʊ nɛ ɖooo lɔŋ taa ñɩma palɩ ɖama pazɩ. Yee ɛyʊ ɛcɔna “Homosapiens” waa mba pawɛna wɛɖʊ kʊɖʊmʊ yɔ yɔ, ɖɩnaɣ se panɛ lɛɛlɛɛ tɩgbayɩŋ palɩwaɣ ɖama pazɩ. Panaɣ lɛɛlɛ tigbayɩŋ ɛnʊkɛ Amerika tɛtʊ taa. Tɩgbayɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛfɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ tigbayɩŋ kɩpɩŋ yɔ. Panawaɣ ɛlɛ Afrika tɛ nɛ Aazii tɛtʊ taa. Wayɩ wayɩ tɩgbayɩŋ ɛnɛ ɛnʊ payawaɣ se tɩgbayɩɣ sɔsɔŋ yaa homo sapiens. Paa pataasʊ yaʊ ɛyʊ se “Tɩgbayʊ” kɔyɔ, ɖɩtɩlɩ camɩyɛ se payaɣ tɩgbayɔ hɩɖɛ lɛ pɩtɔzʊ ñɩnɩya tɩŋɛ ntʊ paayɔɔda ɛyʊ yɔɔ yɔ. ñɩnɩya kaayɔɔda sɩze ɛyʊ naaʊ mbʊ yɔ ɖooo kɩɖe tɛɛ lɛ, ɛkɛkɛ tɩgbayʊ. Paa anɩ ɛɖɔkɩ tom tonɛ kpam nɛ tɩɩsɔʊ.


text:
César Auguste
Auguste, palʊla-ɩ nɛ hɩɖɛ ɖɩ-nɛyɔ Caius Octavius, salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 pɩnaɣ 63 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yesuu Krɩstʊ. Palʊla-ɩ Room tɛtʊ taa. Kajalaɣ taa lɛ, paya-ɩ se Octave nɛ pʊwayɩ patasɩ-ɩ yaʊ se Octavien. Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛsɩba kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 19 pɩnaɣ 14 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu Krɩstʊ Nola tɛtʊ taa. Ɛnʊ kaakɛna Room ɛyaa tɛ kajalaɣ wiyaʊ kpaɣ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 16 pɩnaɣ 27 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yesuu Krɩstʊ ŋkɔɔ ŋtalɩ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 19 pɩnaɣ 14 Yeesuu Krɩstʊ lʊlʊʊ wayi.
E-ekpeɣle Jules César pɩsɩ-ɩ ɛ-pɩɣa, e-ekpeɣle ɛnʊ e-ɖoo lʊlʊʊ taa ɛyʊ ɛkɛna, pɩlakʊʊ mbʊ yɔ pɩnaɣ 44 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu Krɩstʊ, alɩwaatʊ pazɩ yem nɛ pakʊ e-ekpeɣle ɛnʊ. Ɛnɛ Marc Antoine nɛ Lépide, paɖʊ naatozo tɔm hʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ naalɛ nɖɛ se pɩsa nɛ palʊbɩna César ɛyaa kʊyaa.
Pawaba philipes wayi lɛ, pɛtɛyɩ Room ɛjaɖɛ nɛ pañazɩɣ nɛ sɔɔjɛtʊ ɖoŋ. Pa-naatozo pɔtɔla pɩlɩna pa-taa paa weyi tɛ cɛjɛyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛɛwɛna yɔ ɖɩ-yɔɔ. Lépide ñeseɣa ɛ-tɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Marc Antoine ñakʊ ɛ-tɩ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ August wabɩ-ɩ Actium yɔ nɛ piyele ɛnɛ yɔ eyeke Roma Ampiiri yɔɔ yɔ.
Auguste lɛɣzɩ liidiye ɖʊ, ɛñɔɔzɩ haba, ɛmʊ sɔɔjɔnaa sakɩyɛ nɛ pɛwɛ paaɖoye nɛ paale. Ɛtʊlɩ fulisi naa tʊma Room ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pama yɔɔ tɔzʊʊ komola tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa nɛ pɔñɔɔzɩ cɩɖɩ cɩɖɩ e-kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa. Auguste sɩ pɩnaɣ 14 Yeesu Krɩstʊ lʊlʊʊ wayi ɛlɛ ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 75. Pɩtɛkɛ nɔyʊ kʊnɛ-ɩ ɛlɛ nabɛyɛ tɔŋ se kɔyɛ paɖʊ-ɩ. Kɛlɛ ɛ-pɩyalʊ Tibère mʊ e-kewiyaɣ nɛ ɛcaɣ Ampiiri ñʊʊ yɔɔ.
Palʊla Octave kɛ Room ñɩm nabʊyʊ taa, pɩwɛ Palatin tɛtʊ taa kɛnɛ (ad Capita Bubula) pɩfɛyɩ poliŋ nɛ Via Sacra kɛ pɩnaɣ 63 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu Krɩstʊ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 alɩwaatʊ taa. Octave kpaɣ ɛ-caa maɣmaɣ hɩɖɛ Caius Octavius.


text:
Piresiili
Amerika nɛ Hadɛ Kiŋ ajɛya taa lɛ, Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ kɩlɩna walʋʋ. Ɖɩ-samaɣ kɩlɩna ɖɔɖɔ ɖɔʋ. Ɖɩwalaa ɛzɩ kilomɛtakakɩnaa 8 515 767 mbʋ yɔ. Ɖɩ-ɛyaa kɛkɛ ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔwaa 201 yɔ pɩnaɣ 2013 n̄ɩŋa taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛɛ taa lɛ, Piresiili kɛnɩna ɖɔɖɔ ɛjaɖɛ kagbaanzɩ n̄ɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɩlɩ walʋʋ nɛ ɖɩ-ɛyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʋ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2013 n̄ɩŋa taa lɛ, Piresiili kɛkɛnɩna kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ lʋbɛ n̄ɩŋɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔsʋʋ huwaa nɛ pɩkɩlɩ yɔ. Ɖɩ-ɛsɩndaa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ. Preziili kɛwɛna pɩnaɣ ŋ́ga ka-taa dɔɔlaarɩ waa ɛgbaŋ 2 243. Yee pɛtɛyɩ Amerika nɛ Hadɛ Kiŋ tɛtʋ tɔm naalɛ yɔ, Piresiili kpaɣ hɔɔlʋʋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ mpilim. Ɛ nɛ Siilii nɛ Ekowatɛɛrɩ pa-ajɛɛ ɖeke tasɩɩna nɛ ɖama kamasɩ. Piyele ɛ nɛ ajɛɛ lɛɛna kpeekpe pasɩna ɖama kamasɩ.
Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ kɛwɛ yomiye taa waasɩ sakɩyɛ Pɔrtigaalɩ n̄ɩmba nesi tɛɛ. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʋ yɔ, ɖi-ɖeke ɖɩkɛnɩna Pɔrtigaalɩ n̄ɩmba n̄ɩm Amerika tɛtʋ taa. Mbʋ yebina nɛ pɔyɔɔdʋʋ Pɔrtigaalɩ n̄ɩmba kʋnʋŋ Preziili ɛjaɖɛ tʋma ɖɩlaɖɛ taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ, Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ taa pakɩlɩɣ Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʋnʋŋ yɔɔdʋʋ. Piresiili wɛ ajɛɛ wena ayɔɔdʋʋ Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʋnʋŋ kʋnʋŋ yɔ, a-ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Amerika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ajɛɛ taa lɛ, Ɛsɩpaañɔlɩ kʊnʊŋ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʋʋ, pʋwayɩ lɛ, Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʋnʋŋ. Paakɩlɩɣ-kʋ yɔɔdʋʋ Amerika Laatiini ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Piresiili nɛ Amerika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ajɛɛ sakɩyɛ lɛɛna pɛwɛna wɛtʋ kʋɖʋmtʋ : ŋgbɛyɛ Katolika taa n̄ɩma kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ, ɛyaa takɩlɩ ɖama n̄ɩɣdʋʋ tɛtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ taa, sakɩyɛ wɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ sɔsɔtʋ taa, ɛyaa mɩnʋʋ yɔɔ lɛ, 84 wɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ sɔsɔtʋ taa (84 %).
Kominawaa ndɩ ndɩ kpɛndɩna nɛ pɩkɛ Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩsɔɔlɩ ɛyʋ tɩyɔɔwɛʋ. Pɩkɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-hɔɔlɩŋ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ ɖɩ-taa ɛyaa ɖamanɩnaʋ wɛɛ ndɩ yɔ. Laʋ sɔsɔʋ nakʋyʋ huuzi Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlʋʋ sɔsɔʋ yɔɔ, ɛyaa fɛyɩ laʋ ŋ́gʋ kɩ-taa. Hadɛ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ tʋnɛ : "Sao Paulo" nɛ "Rio de Janeiro" nɛ ageta sɔsɔna taa naɖɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩcɔ "Belo Horizonte" tɛtʋ nɛ ɖɩta yɔ. Tɔsʋʋ nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ wɛ ajɛɛ wena a-taa mulum kɩla wɛʋ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ yɔ a-taa. Ɖɩwɛ ɖɔɖɔ ajɛɛ sɔsɔna wena a-tɔsʋʋ ɖɛ ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɩkɩlɩ yɔ a-taa. Ajɛɛ ana, anaa yɔ : Siini, Ɛɛndɩ, Afrɩka hadɛ kiŋ nɛ Ruusii.


text:
Charlemagne
Charlemagne latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Carolus Magnus, yaa Charles kajalaɣ tʊ nɛ ɛsɛɛ hɩɖɛ se sɔsɔ, palʊla-ɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 2 pɩnaɣ 742 (yaa 747 yaa 748), ɛsɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 pɩnaɣ 814 kɛ Aix-la-Chapelle tɛtʊ taa. Ɛɛkɛ Franc waa tɛ wiyaʊ. Ɛkɛ Carolingien waa tɛ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ tɛ ɛyʊ, ŋga ɛha hɩɖɛ yɔ. Ɛɛkɛ Franc waa tɛ wiyaʊ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 768, ɛpɩsɩ Lombards waa tɛ wiyaʊ pɩtɩŋna yoŋ yɔɔ nɛ pape Léon 3 tʊ pamɩ-ɩ wiyaʊ sɔsɔ hulaɣ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 25 pɩnaɣ 800 alɩwaatʊ taa. Ɛ-caa kɛlɛ, Pépin Bref.
Ɛkɛ wiyaʊ weyi ɛwaba yoŋ sakɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-walanzɩ ɛ-tɛ ɛjaɖɛ pɩlɩna ɛ-tɛ sɔɔjana wabɩtʊ yɔɔ kɔzɩkɔzɩ you ŋgʊ ewoba ɛ-nɛ Saxon ɛyaa mba petetisida Ɛsɔ yɔɔ yɔ. Pɩtɛ tɩ luuzuu mbʊ pɩcaɣ kaɖɛ nɛ pɩla ɖoŋ siŋ (pɩnaɣ 772 ŋtalɩ 804 alɩwaatʊ taa), ɖɔɖɔ ɛla you nɛ Lombard ɛyaa kɛ Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Al-Andalus malɩŋ ɛyaa.
Ɛ-tɛ kpɛdɛɛ kpɛdɛɛ politiki tʊmɩyɛ taha alɩwaatʊ pɩɖalɩ ɛ-tɛ Ampiiri. Charlemagne kpaɣ lɩmaɣza pɩnaɣ 806 se ɛtayʊ Ampiiri tam naatozo kɛ e-piyaa mba pa-naatozo ɖɔɖɔ. Ŋdɔnjɔɔlaa la sakɩyɛ mbʊ yɔ nɛ ɛtɛ ɛ-taa nɛ ɛtayɩ Ampiiri hɔɔlɩŋ naatoza ɛzɔ ɛ-tɔm yɔ pɩnaɣ 843 alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ e-piyaa naatozo mba (Verdun nɩnaʊ takayaɣ).
Charlemagne kɛ, pɩtɩŋna papa Benoit 14 pʊtɔdɩyɛ naʊ yɔɔ kɛ katoliiki tʊ weyi ɛwɛ weewe yɔ nɛ pɔtɔkɩ ɛ-kazandʊ paa kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 pɩnzɩ tɩŋga. Cɔɔcɩɩ naa sakɩyɛ kɛ Fransɩɩ nɛ hayi kiŋ ɖʊ Charlemagne pɛ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ takayaɣ taa.


text:
François d'Assise
Palʊla François d'Assise kɛ Giovanni di Pietro Bernardone tɛtʊ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1181 yaa pɩnaɣ 1182. Giovanni di Pietro Bernardone kɛna Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ Asiizi kɛna ɖɔɖɔ kɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɖoŋiye cikpeɖe naɖɩyɛ. Asiizi ɖoŋiye taa François ɛnɛ ɛsɩba aloma fenaɣ naatozo pɩnaɣ 1226 nɛ ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 44.
Ɛzɩma ɛkɔma ɛlɛɣzɩ ɛ-tɩ yɔ, pɩwɛ kɛlɛʊ yem. Ɛwɛɛ mbʊ lɛ, ɛsɔɔlɩ yɛɖɛ yɛɖɛ lakasɩ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna evemiye naɖɩyɛ kɛ eɖoza ɖɔziye naɖɩyɛ nɛ epaɣzɩ ɛ-laŋgɩyɛ lɛɣzɩʊ n; ewoki Val di Spoleto cɔɔcɩ taa paaɖooye. François kɛna katolika ŋgbɛyɛ taa layʊ nɛ ɛnʊ lɩzɩna ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ ɖɩ-taa mba se franciscain waa yɔ. Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna paɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ sʊsɔtʊ kɔyɔ Atima, taaleleŋ, Kʊñɔndʊtʊ, Ɛsɔ-tɔm sʊsʊʊ nɛ Sɔɔlɩm kɛ lɛlʊ yɔɔ. Ɛsɩba nɛ pɩla pɩnzɩ naalɛ lɛ, Papa Grégoire IX- tʊ kpa-ɩ kiɖeɖeu kɛ pɩnaɣ 1228 ɛlɛ Aloma fenaɣ naanza wiye kɛ pɔtɔkɩ ɛ-kazandʊ.
François d'Assise kʊyaa lɛ, pɩnzɩ 1190 taa, ɛlaba sukuli kɛ San Gergio nɛ ɛkpɛlɛkɩ Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ. Ɛlakʊ-kʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, pɩɩwɛɛ se ɛlɛɣzɩ ɛ-caa ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ taa. Pɩyenina ɛlɩɩ sukuli kɛ pɩnzɩ 14 taa nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ tadɩyɛ. E-sukuli lɩʊ wayɩ kɛ you nakʊyu ñalɩwa nɛ kɩ-taa kɛ pɔtɔ-ɩ salaka kɛ Kamɩŋ fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 1202. Peeɖe kɛ ɛwɛ nɛ ɛ-caa hɛyɩu liidiye nɛ pʊcɔ palɩzɩ-ɩ ka-taa.


text:
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ
Palaba ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ kandɩyʋʋ kedizaɣ slosaɣ nakɛyɛ Lɔndrɩ tɛtʋ taa, agoza fenaɣ, kɩyakʋ kagbaanzɩ (5) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1949 taa. Lɔndrɩ tɛtʋ wɛ Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa. Palɩza paɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga ka-taa. Lɩmaɣzɛ sɔsɔna ana, a-taa lɛɛɖɛ kɔyɔ se, pʋwɛɛ se Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya ɩwɛɛna kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ pɩnaɣ taa. Kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga payaɣna fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa se « Conseil de l’Europe ».
Ajɛya nɩɩnaza nɛ lʋbɛ (47) wɛna « Conseil de l’Europe » taa. Ajɛya ana, a-taa samaɣ ñʋʋ kɛ miiliyɔɔ waa 820.
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya nɩna ɖama se akandɩyɩ ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ siŋŋ. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ ɖɩlaɖɛ taa, ɛyʋ weyi ɛnaɣ se pomuluu-ŋ yɔ, ɛpɩzɩɣ ewolo nɛ ɛlʋ ɛ-waɖɛ yɔɔ. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ lʋkɩ ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ kandɩyʋʋ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ taa.
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga ka-taa, Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Englɩsɩɩ kʊnʊŋ pɔyɔɔdʋʋ. Paɖʋ hɔɔlɩŋ sɔsɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga ka-taa : minisii waa tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩlaɖɛ wɛɛ. Paɣtʋ lɩzɩyaa tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩlaɖɛ ñɛwɛɛ nɛ ajɛya akpeɣla ndɩ ndɩ wena awɛ a-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ, a-tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩlaɖɛ ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Tʋma ndɩ ndɩ ana, a-ɖɩlaɖɛ taa pɔyɔɔdʋʋ caama kʋnɩŋ, pɔyɔɔdɩ, pɔyɔɔdɩ Itaalii kʊnʊŋ nɛ pɛtɛ pɔyɔɔdɩ Rusɩɩ kʊnʊŋ.


text:
Pierre Curie
Pierre Curie kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Fransɩɩ yɔ ɖɩ-taa pɩɣa yaa ɖɩ-ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. ɛkɛ abalʋ. Eyeba ɛ-tandaʋ ɛzɩ malɩŋ tɩnaa n̄ekuu yɔ. Palʋla-ɩ agoza fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ (15) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1859 n̄ɩŋga taa. Egeetiye yaa lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa palʋla-ɩ yɔ, nɖɩ payaɣ size Paarii.
Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ kɛlɛ. Ɖajaa ɛnʋ, ɛsɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ nakʋ (19) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1906 n̄ɩŋga taa. Pɩnzɩ hiŋ naanza nɛ lʋbɛ (47) taa ɛsɩba. Ɖajaa Pierre Curie kɛ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tomnasɩ ɖɔnɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ tʋ sɔsɔ siŋŋ nɔɔyʋ.Pazɩmayɩ sakɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-tʋmaa nɖɩ nɖɩ wena ɛlakɩyɛɛ cɛnzɩ tɔʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ taa yɔ. Pɩtasɩɩna piɖeke, ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ, abalʋ weyi ɛlakɩ n̄ɩɣtʋ hɔmtʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ Pizoeletrisitee (piézoélectricité) tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ ɖɔɖɔ.
Ɖajaa Pierre Curie ɛnɛ, nɛ ɛ-halʋ ɖoɖoo Marie Curie, pɛkɛna kajalaɣ yaa kɔɔnɔɔ mba mba, pajala cɛnzɩ lɩzʋʋ yaa tɔʋʋ (radiations) yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1903 n̄ɩŋga taa mbɩ yɔɔ lɛ, ɖajaa Pierre ɛnɛ nɛ ɛ-halʋʋ Marie, kediiza sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ wayɩ kɛ, pɛcɛlɩ wɛ tomnasɩ ɖɔnɛ kpɛlɛkɩtʋ tɩlɩtʋ yɔ tɛ samtʋ takayaɣ yaa nimiye mʋʋ takayaɣ hɛkʋ yaa hɔɔlʋʋ nɛ hɛkʋ lɛɛkʋ yaa hɔɔlʋʋ lɛɛkʋ lɛ, pakpaɣ kʋkʋ nɛ pɛcɛlɩ ɖajaa Henri Becquerel.
Ɖajaa ɛnɛ ɛɛsɔza yaa ɛtɩna pɔyɔ nɛ pakpa ɖoŋ pa-naadozo pan̄ɩtʋ nʋmɔʋ taa. Ɖajaa Henri Becquerel ɛnɛ, ɛɛkɛ tomnasɩ ɖɔnɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ naʋʋ kɔɔnɔɔ yaa kajalaɣ tʋ. Ɖajaa Pierre Curie caa payaɣ size Eugène Curie. Ɛ-caa ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ kponɖeye tʋ yaa n̄ʋʋ jkpɛnaʋ tʋ. Ɛlakɩ fɛɖaa tʋmɩyɛ, pʋtɔbʋʋ size ɛkɛ fɛɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Palʋla ɛ-caa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1827 n̄ɩŋga taa nɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1910 n̄ɩŋga taa.
E-ɖoo payaɣ size Sophie-Claire Depouilly, palʋla-ɩ pɩnaɣ 1856 n̄ɩŋga taa nɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1941 n̄ɩŋga taa. Pierre Curie ɖalʋ yaa pa-caa piya taa sɔsɔ lɛ, Jacques Curie. Palʋla-ɩ pɩnaɣ 1856 n̄ɩŋga taa nɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1941 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛna ɛ-ɖalʋ ɛnɛ pan̄ɩnɩtʋ taa panaɣ yaa patɩlɩ mbʋ payaɣna anasaayɩ taa size piézoélectricité yɔ. Ɖajaa Pierre Curie caa sɔsɔ yaa cɔzɔɔ payaɣ size Paul Curie, paalʋla-ɩ pɩnaɣ 1799 n̄ɩŋga taa nɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1897 n̄ɩŋga taa, ɛɛkɛkɛ fɛɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ.


text:
Tʋma ɖɩlaɖɛ nɛ a-taa wobu yɔɔ tɔm
Ðɩyaɣ-ŋ se ŋkɔɔ ɖɛ-ɛgbɛyɛ pilinzi nɛ lona wena a-taa palakɩ ɖa-takayɩsɩ yɔ, a-taa. Ðɛ-ɛgbɛyɛ pilinzi lona nɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa ŋpɩzɩɣ nɛ ŋwolo a-taa yɔ
Georgie
Aerodromis Dasahleba 13th Street, No. 10
TBILISI, 0182
GEORGIE
+995 32-276-23-59
Tʋma ɖɩlaɖɛ taa wobu
Kpaɣnɩ Hodo nɛ ŋwolo Kemeɣa
Tanaŋ tɛɛ: Kpaɣnɩ 8:30 nɛ ŋwolo 10:30; wɩsɩ wɛlʋʋ: Kpaɣnɩ 1:30 nɛ ŋwolo 3:30.
Alɩwaatʋ: Cɛcɛsɩ 30
Tʋma sɔsɔna
Ðɩɖɛzɩɣ Bibl tɔm takayɩsɩ Azéri, Georgie nɛ Kurde (cyrillique masɩ) kʋnʋmɩŋ taa. Ðɩkpakɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ tɔm tatasɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩlakɩ videowaa kʋnʋmɩŋ ɩnɩ ɩ-taa.


text:
Tamasɩ
Tamasɩ kɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Siirii yɔ ɖɩ-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ. Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊi ndʊ pakala ɛyaakɛ tɩ-taa lɛ, pɛɖɛ ɛyaa ɛzɩ miliyɔɔ 1 700 000 yɔ ɛlɛ yee pɩkɛ tɩ-hɛkʊ taa siŋŋ kɔyɔ pɛɖɛ ɛyaa ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa 2 600 000 yɔ. Tamasɩ wɛ keteŋga kpeekp taa tɛtʊsɔsɔtʊ ndʊ ɖooo pɛlɛkaɣ ti-taa caaʊ yɔ tɩ-taa. Tamasɩ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tiposina Mediteranee teŋgu ɛzɩ kɩlomɛtanaa 80 yɔ nɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ pʊʊ nakʊyʊ yɔɔ nɛ pʊʊ ŋgʊ kʊ-kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ taa maɣna mɛtanaa ɛzɩ 680 yɔ.
Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ pɔɔ ŋga payaɣ-kɛ se Paɖada yɔ kɔcɔlɔ. Panaɣ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ malɩŋ ɛsɔsɛtʊ namɩŋ sakɩyɛ nɛ ɩ-taa kɔyɔ: Omeyadinaa, Azim kewiyaɣ ɖaɣ, Khan Assad Pacha ɖaɣ, Souk Al-Hamidiyya, Souk Medhatt Basha, Souk Bzouriye. Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyuɛ taa lɛ, cɔcɩ tɩnɛ kɩlɩna wɛʊ. Ɛsɔ tɔm takayaɣ taa payaɣ Tamasɩ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-hɩɖɛ kpem. Tamasɩ hɩdɛ wɛ Kiɖe tɛɛ tɔm takayaɣ taa, ɖɩwɛ ɖɔɖɔ Awiya takayaɣ taa. Iben Battuta kɛtɩɣ Tamasɩ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ nɛ mbʊ ɛyʊ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ nɛ ɛkɛdɩna yɔ nɛ ɛtɔŋ se paa paakɛdɩna ɛpɛ yɔ, pɩɩpɩzɩɣ nɛ pɩna kpayɩ kpayɩ se tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ ɖeu camɩyɛ. Ɛtɔŋ camɩyɛ se nabʊyʊ fɛyɩ se papɩzɩ nɛ pakpɣ nɛ pɛkɛdɩna-tʊ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ cɩnɛ.


text:
Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm
Tɛtʋ yɔɔ cɩnɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɩlɩna paɣlʋʋ nɛ walʋʋ. Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm samaɣ ñʋʋ kɛ miiliyaarɩ waa 4,3. Tɩ-walanzɩ kɛ km2 waa 43 810 582. Yee pɛtɛyɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɛtʋ nɛ pɩkpɛndɩna lɩm hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa payɩ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ, Aazii tɛtʋ kɛ hɔɔlʋʋ 29,4. Yee pɛtɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ tɛtʋ ɖeke nɛ pɩtɛkpɛndɩna lɩm hɔɔlɩŋ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɛ hɔɔlɩŋ 8,6.
Ɛyaa ɖɔʋ nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɩlɩna ɖɔɖɔ. Kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛyaa mɩnʋʋ yɔɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa ɛyaa kɛ nɩɩnʋwa nɛ ɛyaa hiu. Kedeŋa kpeekpe pʋŋ sɔsɔŋ tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa panaɣ pʋʋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ kʋyʋʋ pʋŋ lɛɛŋ nɛ kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ yɔ. Aazii tɛtʋ taa pʋʋ ŋgʋʋ payaɣ se Everɛɛsɩ (Everest) pʋʋ. Pʋʋ ŋ́gʋ, kɩ-kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 8 848.
Kuduyiŋ sɔsɔŋ weyi ɛkɩlɩ kʋyʋʋ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ɛ-taa payɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa pana kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ kʋyʋ yɔ. Payaɣ kuduyuu kʋkʋyʋʋ ŋ́gʋ se Burj Khalifa. Kɩwɛ Dubaï tɛtʋ taa. Kɩ-kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 828.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩlɩna lɩm tɛɛ nɛ tɩkpa huuye lɩm kideŋ wayɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa payɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa pana ndʋ tɩkɩlɩ posinaʋ lɩm kideŋ yɔ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩwɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ hayi kiŋ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Tiposina lɩŋamʋʋ ɛzɩ kilomɛtɛnaa 2648 mbʋ yɔ.


text:
Kpakpayaɣ
Kpakpasɩ kɛ lɩm-daɣ kpɩnaa wena avezuna 'branchies' yɔ, kɔyɔ nɛ mbu payana anasaayɩ ta se nagɛrɛ waa yɔ nɛ po-tomnaɣsɩ yɔ lɛ pɔɔɖɛ huzɩnɩ payɩ. Kpakpasɩ tɔya yem lɩm cikpem nɛ teŋgunaa taa: sɩlɩnaa pʊŋ weyi lɩm lɩʊna ɛtaa yɔ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ lɩŋgamɩŋ taa. Kpakpasɩ wɛ hɔlɩŋ tɩŋgɛ yem, nɛ cabɩ wɛ lɩŋgamɩŋ taa ɖeŋɖe paalakɩ pɩyʊ nɔʊ yɔ. Sɩwɛna waza pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ sɩŋŋ kɛ ɛyaa cɔlɔ.
Ɛzɩ sɩkɛʊ tɔɔnaɣ yɔ, paɣ ɛjaɖɛ ŋɖɩ lɛ ɖɩtaa lɛ;pʊwɛ se kpakpasɩ nzɩ pɔɖɔɔ sɩ yaa pakpaazɩ lɩmdaa nɛ pɔɔ cɔlʊʊ.
Kpakpaysɩ nzɩ sɩwɛna waza sɩŋŋ, haɖaʊ taa, ɛsɔ nɩmaʊ taa, mʊya hɔlʊʋ taa, pɩtasɩna takayɩsɩ maʊ ɖeɖe nɛ filim naa labʊ taa ɖɔɖɔ .


text:
Siini caanaʋ tɔm
Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔnzɩ calɩ n̄ɔʋ. Pɩtala ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 4000 yɔ pɩɖɛɛ sɔnzɩ lɩʋ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ. Siini tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ sɔsɔtʋ taa sɔnzɩ calɩ lɩʋ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-cɔlɔ ageeta tasɩmda sɔnzɩ.
Ɛyaa tɩŋna lɩmaɣza sɔsɔna naayɛ yɔɔ nɛ pɩla se sɔnzɩ n̄ɔ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɖooo Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔsaa lakaɣ mbʋ payaɣ se "chamatique" nɛ "confucianisme" nɛ "taoïsme" nɛ Buudiyism yɔ. Lakasɩ nzɩ sɩ-yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ pɩla se sɔnzɩ ndɩ ndɩ lɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa peeye ɛyaa nɩnɩ ɖama nɛ pama kʋnʋŋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ nɛ paa weyi ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛkalʋʋ-kʋ nɛ ɛnɩɣ. Toovenum lɛ, ɛyaa yɔɔdʋʋ ŋsʋlʋma ndɩ ndɩ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa, ɛlɛ kʋnʋŋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ pamaa nɛ paa Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyʋ weyi ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛkalʋʋ-kʋ nɛ ɛnɩɣ kʋ-tɔbʋʋ. Mbʋ sɩŋna-wɛ nɛ papɩzɩ pɛwɛɛna pɔ-sɔnzɩ.
Samaɣ ŋga payaɣ-kɛ se Moghol yɔ kamʋna Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖoŋ nɛ kan̄azɩɣ-ɖɩ. Samaɣ ŋga kalɩna Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ hayi kiŋ nɛ kowolo kamʋ Siini tɛtʋ. Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ kɛwɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-taa yɔ, kalakaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔnzɩ. Halɩ patɩŋaɣna mbʋ Siini ɛjaɖɛ komina kaɖʋwa yɔ pɩ-yɔɔ nɛ peɖiyiɣ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔnzɩ kpaɣ ɖoŋ nɛ pɩkpaɣ.


text:
Heu
Heu kɛ ɖɩɣa kpɩnɛ ŋɖɩ ɖɩtɔkɩ ñɩtʊ yɔ. Heu pɩlɩʊ taa mba payaɣ se kaprɩnɛ waa. Palɩna pɩlɩʊ sɔsɔʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa yɔ, kʊkʊ payaɣ se povidɛ waa pɩlɩʊ. Heŋ sʊʋ kpoŋ tɛɛ. Yolim taa lɛ, paɖɩɩɣ-ɩ hula taa se ɛɛtaatɔɔ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ lʊŋgʋyɛ lɛ pɛhɛɖɩ-ɩ nɛ peyele mbʊ yɔ, pa-ñɩtʊ fɛyɩ, tɩwɩlaa, pʊ-yɔɔ peyeki-i se ɛñɩnɩ ɛ-maɣmaɣ mbʊ ɛtɔɔ-yɔ. Heu pʊwa payaɣ se heɣa. Halɩñɩŋa payaɣ se hɩyaɣ nɛ abalɩñɩŋa lɛ ɛyaʊ. Heu wɛ kajalaɣ kpɩna wena ɛyaa lɛɣ pazʋʋ ɖɔʊ yɔ a-taa. Pasama heu nɛ ɛ-tɛ hɩlɩm mbʊ pʊwazɩɣ nɛ palakɩna waagaasɩ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ.
Pɔtɔkɩ heu nandʊ, ɛ-tɔnʋʋ wazɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩnɛ. Ɛ-hʊndʊ wazɩɣ sakɩyɛ. Palʋʋ-tʋ nɛ nima. Ɛ-ñɩhɩŋ wɛ wazaɣ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛnʋʋ pamakɩna kpaŋkoŋ. Ɛ-gbɛm wazɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ. Ndʋʋ pasandɩɣna kɔndɔnaa nɩŋgdanzɩ tɛɛ. Heu kɛ kpɩnɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtɛma tɔɔʊ kɔyɔ, ɖɩcakɩ se ɖɩhɛzɩɣ lɛ, ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖihoo mbʋ ɖɩtɔwaa yɔ ɖɩkpazɩ ɖɩ-nɔɔ taa nɛ ɖɩpazɩ tɔɔʊ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se ɖiliki ñɩtʋ sakɩyɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɖihikiɣ-tʋ yɔ. Ɖɩɩhɛzɩɣ lɛ, ɖihoo-tʋ nɛ ɖɩpazɩ tɔɔʋ. Heu kɛ ɖɩɣa kpɩnɛ, ɛyʋ takpa heu nɛ lakʋ taa nɛ ɛkɔna ɛɖɔɔ ɖɩɣa. Heu wɛna naŋgbanzɩ naanza nɛ paa naŋgbaŋgaɣ ŋga lɛ, kɛwɛɛna aca naalɛ. Heŋ cɩkpaŋ payaɣ se aca. Aca ana a-yɔɔ ɛfɛyɩɣ nɛ ɛɖɔŋ. Heŋ ɖɔɖɛ wɛ wazaɣ siŋŋ ɛzakuliye nɔmʊʋ taa. Pɔɖɔʋ heŋ paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Ajɛya wena a-taa pakɩlɩɣ heŋ ɖɔʋ yɔ, anaa yɔ: Kewiyaɣ Kɩkpɛndaɣ, Ositraalii, Patagonɩ, Seelandɩ Kɩfalʋʋ. Heu kɛ kpɩnɛ kajalaɣ ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsɩɣna haɖaʊ hɔɔlʋʊ taa yɔ. Heu wɛ wazaɣ sɩŋŋ ɛyʊ wezuu caɣʊ taa. Heu pɩndʋ kɛ huɖe siŋŋ haɖaʊ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ kpaamɩŋ taa ɖɔɖɔ heu wɛna wazaɣ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ, kɔkɔ kɔzɩ malɩŋ cɔlɔ, mbʋ yɔ, hɩyaʋ Ɛsɔ wɩlɩ ɖɔ-cɔzɔ Abriham nɛ ɛlɛ kpaɣ nɛ ɛlaa-ɩ kɩlaʋ.


text:
Sumaɣ
Sumaɣ kɛ Ɛsɔ wonuu kɩlɩzʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Kɛwɛnɩ keŋ yaa keliŋ nɛ kakʊyʊʊ ɛsɔdaa. Ɛgbamɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ se sumaɣ; sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaa se sumasɩ. Sumasɩ wɛnɩ mbʊ payaɣna Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se vertèbres yɔ. Siɣyebɔʋ taa mɔɔ payaɣ mbʋ. Sumasɩ wɛ tetrapoodiwaa pɩlɩʊ taa, pɩ-tɔbʋʋ se pɛwɛna pilinza naanza naanza. Pilinzi sɩnzɩ, sɩkpalaɣ ɖama'a naalɛ naalɛ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ kpem. Sɩ-pɩlɩŋ talɩ ɛzɩ kudokuŋ hiu (10 000) mbʊ yɔ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna pa-hʊndʊ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Sɩwɛ ndɩ ndɩ ɖɔɖɔ pɩlɩɩna pe-keliŋ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Sɩtɛ sɩwɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna sɩ-wɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ cɔlɔ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna ɖɔɖɔ sɩ-ɖɩcaɣyɛ nɛ sɩ-tɔɔnasɩ pɔ-cɔlɔ. Ɛlɛ, paa mbʊʊ yɔ, nabʊyʊ yebina nɛ payaa sɩ-tɩŋa payɩ se sumasɩ. Mbʊ piyeba nɛ payaa sɩ-tɩŋa payɩ se sumasɩ yɔ, mbʊʊ lɛ se sɩwɛna sɩ-tɩŋa keliŋ nɛ si-keliŋ ɩnʊ ɛhaɣna-sɩ waɖɛ se sɩpɩzɩ sɩkʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa. Ɛsɔ wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, sumaɣ ɖeke pɩzɩɣna nɛ kakʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa.
Sumaɣ wɛna njʊyɛ, kɛwɛna keliŋ naalɛ, kɛwɛɛna nangbanzɩ naalɛ nɛ suwa. Sumaɣ ɖʊʊ hala, kapabɩ a-yɔɔ nɛ pʊcɔ alɛ tesi, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pʊcɔ sumaɣ pɩɣa lɩɩna yaɖɛ taa. Sumasɩ ɛɛsʊʊ ɖɩsɩ, ñɩtʊ taa nɛ tɩŋ yɔɔ nɛ lakɩŋ cikpeŋ nɛ sɔsɔŋ taa sɩsʊʊ. Paa mbʊ yɔ, sɔnɔ, ɛyʊ pɩsɩ sumasɩ cikpesi nasɩyɛ ɖɩɣa sumasɩ. Toovenum lɛ, sumasɩ nasɩyɛ sʊʊ sɩ-tɩ yɔɔ ɖɩsɩ sɔsɔsɩ nasɩyɛ taa. Sɩ-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ sumasɩ nzɩ payaɣ se keŋkenaa yɔ. Ñɩnɩyaa mba pañɩnʊʊ sumasɩ wɛtʊ nɛ ɛzɩma mbʊ sɩwɛɛ yɔ payaɣ se ɔrinitolɔɔkɩ waa.


text:
Wagaadugu
Wagaadugu kɛŋna Purkina Fasoo ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ nɛ ndʊ tɩkɩla walanzɩ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ. Patasʊʊ tɛtʊ ndʊ yaʊ kɛlɛʊ taa se Wagaa. Wagaadugu tɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se ɖenɖe pahaɣ ɛyʊ samtʊ yɔ yaa ñamtʊ yɔ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ, tɩ-walanazɩ landammm taa maɣna ɛkɩtaarɩnaa ɛzɩ 280 500 yaa kilomɛtanaa 2 805.
Pɩnaɣ 1960 taa paakali ɛyaa kɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa, paakpɛnda ɛyaa 59 126, nɛ pɩnaɣ 2006 taa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 1 475 223. Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊyʊ lɛ, pana ɛyaa 1 062 000. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-tɛ tɔsʊʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu wɛɛ, peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ komina tʊma sɔsɔna nɛ kediisasi wɛɛ, pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kɛ sɔnzɩ ndɩ ndɩ aleɣya wɛɛ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ, tɩ-taa tʊma ndɩ ndɩ lubu ñɩɩtʊ tɔɖɔɔ ɛlɛ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ wondu kususutu kɛ pakɩlɩɣ pɛdʊʊ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pawɩlʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊ-kʊ komina tʊma taa peeɖe yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ fransɩɩ. Payaɣ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-tɛ maalika yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Marin Casimir Ilboudo (2012 -).
Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Wagaadugu tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa naayɛ taa ñɩndʊ paɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma nɛ anaa yɔ: Luduŋ, Liiyɔɔ, Liiyɔɔ Sɔsɔʊ, Kireenoblɩ nɛ Pɔridoo (Fransɩɩ), Saŋ Maaniyato, Turɛɛ (Itaalii), Kowɛtɩ (Kowɛtɩ), Keebɛkɩ (Kanadaa), Kumasi (Kana), Seenɛɛvɩ (Suwiisi), Maraakɛsɩ (Marɔkɩ), Tayipaayɩ (Tayiwaanɩ) nɛ Pɛlɩziki ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ natʊyʊ (Leuze-en-Hainaut).


text:
Mediteranee Teŋgu
Mediteraniya kɛna teŋgu ŋgʊ ketenzi cɔ; kpɛɛɛ nɛ pɩta yɔ. Ɛlɛ kɩyɔɔlʈaɖɩɣ kpɩɖɩ kpɩɖɩ. Pɩtʊlɩna ɖoli pazɩ. Teŋgu ŋgʊ kɩwɛ Eerɔpɩ, Afrika nɛ Azia pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Pamaazɩ-kʊ nɛ pɔcɔɔ pɩtaa yɔ, pɩlakɩ ɛzɩ 2,5 millions km2 mbʊ yɔ. Kɩna Atlantiki lɩŋgamʊʊ patamsɩ ɖama nɛ ɖoli nɛ ɖɩnɛ walanzɩ taa maɣnɩ ɛzɩ 14km2 yɔ.
Hɩɖɛ nɖ paya teŋgu ŋgʊ mbʊ yɔ, ɖɩlɩna latin kʊnʊŋ taa; nɛ ɖɩtɔbʊʊ kɛlɛ se lɩm mbʊ tɛtʊ cɔɔ-pʊ kpɛɛɛ nɛ pɩta yɔ. Ɖooo lɔŋ taa lɛ, Mediterrania kaakɛ teŋgu ŋgʊ kɩ-yɔɔ palakaɣ tadɩyɛ yɔ. Lɔŋsɩnɖaa nɛ tɩlɩya ndɩ ndɩ pakataɣ ɖɔɖɔ peeɖe. Ɖɩnaɣ Mezopotania tɩlɩtʊ, Egypti nɛ Persia nɛ Fenecia nɛ Kartyagen nɛ Berbernaa nɛ Grecia nɛ Romaa mba patɩlɩtʊ. Pɩkpaɣʊ nɛ ɖooo kiɖe tɛɛ yɔ mbʊ mbʊ pɩɖɔma peeɖe yɔ pɩwɛna wazaɣ sɩŋŋŋ kɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ ɛsa-kuliye taa pɩlɩna kapaɣlɩka yɔɔ.
Mediteraniya teŋgu nɛ Atlantiki lɩŋgamʊʊ patamsɩ ɖama nɛ Gibraltar lɩɩyɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa nɛ. Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Marmara Teŋgu nɛ Teŋgʊ Kɩkpɛdʋʋ patamsɩ ɖama nɛ Dardanelles nɛ Bosphore. Suez Teŋgu nɛ Mediteraniya teŋgu patamsɩ ɖama nɛ Teŋgu Kɩsɛɛmʋʋ. Pɩkɛ teŋgu ŋgʊ kɩɖɩɣ hɔɔlʊ kʊɖʊmʊʊ yɔ nɛ ajɛya 23 nɔnɔsɩ tʊlɩ nɛ kʊyɔɔ. Ɛlɛ ajɛya nayɛ wɛɛ nɛ acɔʊ a-taa kikiii nɛ Mediteraniya Teŋgu tɔm. Rusii ajɛya kɩgaʊ ŋgba tɔŋ se Mediteraniya Teŋgu kɛ teŋgu ŋgʊ paapɩzɩɣ payaa-kʊ kʊɖʊmʊʊ kpayɩ yɔ. Size teŋgunaa sakɩyɛ tɩŋgʊ nɛ kɩ-taa nɛ pɛɖɛʊ hɔɔlɩŋ lɛɛŋ taa. Adriyatiki Teŋgu tɔm pakpakɩɣna nɛ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ tɔm ndʊ.
Mediteraniya teŋgu hɔɔlʊ taa nikaɣ nɛ sʊŋga pɔ-tɔm wɛ hɛɛɛ. Ɛlɛ wɩlɩŋ alɩwaatʋ taa lɛ wɩlɩŋ nɛ sʊŋga pɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ sɩŋŋŋ. Peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ mbʊ yɔ, yolim taa ɛsɔtaa wɛ kaɖɛ. Tɛʊ ɛtɔmaa kɩnɩɣ, kɩnɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ kadadayaɣ nɛ tɛtʊ ɖɛɛ lɩm ɖɔɖɔ. Alɩwaatʋ natʊyʊ taa tɛʊ pɩzɩɣ kɩnɩɩ ɛzɩ fenasɩ naadozo yaa pɩɖɛɛ pɩyɔɔ. Pʋyɔɔ yɔɔ yolim tɩkɩ lɛ, lim kɩlɩʊ nɛ pɩsʊʊ ɛyaa yɔɔ yem yem. Mbʊ pɩlaba Vaison-la-Romaine taa pɩnaɣ 1992 nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Aude taa pɩnaɣ 2000 taa. Mediteraniya Teŋgu taa lɩm sɔʊ nɛ pɩkɩlɩɣ Atlantiki Teŋgu taa lɩm mbʊ pʋyɔɔ yɔ pɩkpeŋ kamaɣ fɛyɩ.


text:
Kalɩyɔm
Kalɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 31 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Ga. Pʊtʊna caɣyɛ pɩlɩɣ kpata taa lɛ, ɛ-tɛ nɛ egbeliye 13 nɖɛ taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛ-tɛ ñɩɣlɩm wondu ndʊ tɩfɛyɩ ñɩm yɔ tɩ-tɛ. Ɛ-maɣmaɣ e-tomnaɣ kɛ ñɩɣlɩm pɩyʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ taa ɖeɖe mbʊ ɛpɩzɩɣ se eyoli yɔ lɛ 29,76 °C nɛ mbʊ lɛ paa nɖɔkɛ-ɩ nesi taa kɔyɔ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛyɔlɩ yem. Pana-ɩ pazɩ pazɩ bɔkɩsɩtɩ taa nɛ zɛŋkɩ ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ taa.
Mendeleïev kaayɔɔda ɛ-tɔm ɛlɛ ɛya-ɩ hɩɖɛ se ekaaluminium, pɩnaɣ 1875 palɩ ɛ-yɔɔ, ɛ-hɩɖɛ nɖɩ ɛyʊ weyi ɛñɩna nɛ ɛtɩlɩ-ɩ yɔ hana-ɩ ɖɩ, ɛlɛ yɔ Fransɩɩ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkɩyʊ Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran. Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ pɩzɩɣ tɔm se hɩɖɛ kalɩyɔm lɩna ɛ-nayʊ cɔlɔ (mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ coq latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, pɔtɔŋ se gallus), ɛlɛ Lecoq Boisbaudran ñamaba ɛ-laŋɩyɛ taa nɛ ñɔtɔŋ ɛha hɩɖɛ pʊtʊ ɛnʊ Fransɩɩ hɩɖɛ ɖʊ yɔ. Pʊwayɩ lɛ, ɖama kpaʊ taa kɛ paya hɩla zermanɩyɔm nɛ sɩkandɩyɔm pɩlɩna ɛzɩma pɛ-tɛ ajɛyɛ hɩla yɔ Germani nɛ Scandi pɩtɩŋna ɛyaa mba papa ñɩna nɛ pana-wɛ pɔ-yɔɔ, Caama tʊ Clemens Winkler nɛ Sʊyɛdɩ tʊ Lars Fredrik Nilson.
Palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ piŋ nɛ kalɩyɔm laatriki wondu sakɩyɛ taa. Papɩzɩɣ patɩlɩ pa-taa peeɖe nabɛyɛ ɛzɩ arseniyuri kalɩyɔm tɛ ŋgʊ (GaAs), antimoniyuri kalɩyɔm tɛ (GaSb), kalɩyɔm fɔsɩfʊrɩ (GaP) nɛ kalɩyɔm siziŋ ɖɔm GaN). Pa-taa payɩ lɛ, pʊtʊ weyi pakɩlɑ-ɩ labɩnaʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ lɛ arseniyuri kalɩyɔm tɛ ŋgʊ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ɛnʊ tɩŋɩɣna sɩlɩsɩyɔm wayi.
Kalɩyɔm nɛ etɛŋ nɛ ɩndɩyɔm pɛ-tɛ kpɛndʊʊ mbʊ payaɣ se kalɩnsɩtanɩ yɔ pakɩlaɣ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ miŋ saʊ kɩmaɣzɩnaʊ taa ɖooo ɛzɩ pekiziɣ mɛrɩkɩrɩ yɔ. Paana se kalɩyɔm fɛyɩ sʊtʊ pʊɖɔɔ mbʊ lɛ, ɛ-hɩɖɛ kʊyɩ mbʊ pʊ-yɔɔ ɛɛkɔŋna kaɖɛ tɔm natɩyʊ kedeŋga taa yaa ɖɔ-tɔɔnasɩ taa. Ɛlɛ pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛtɔkɩ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ yɔɔ nɛ halɩ pɩla heŋ.


text:
ƖSƐƔƐLƖ NYƎ́MA
LƖƖƲ
TƆM TAKƎLAƔA
Kʋtʋlʋtʋ
Tɑkǝlɑɣɑ kɑnɛ kɑ hǝtɛ hʋlǝɣǝnɑ ɩsǝnɑ Ɩsɔ lǝsɑ ɩ yǝlɑɑ kɛ Icipiti yomle tɑɑ tɔ. Tomɑ sɔsɔɔnɑ kɛ ɩ lǝsǝnɑ-wɛ, n ɑ ɩ́ lɑ́ kɔkɔlɔ nyǝmnɑɑ nɑ piti tǝmɑ. Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ ɩ tɑnɑ-wɛɣɛ tɛtʋ kʋpɑntʋ tɑɑ. Hɑlǝnɑ ɩ́ cɛlɑ ɩ yʋlʋ Moisi kɛ kʋsǝsɩɩtʋ kɛ nɑɑnʋwɑ kɛ́ wʋlɑɣɑ tɛtʋ tɑɑ. Sɩ pɑ́ tɔ́kɩ-tɩ nɑ pǝ́ hʋ́lɩ́ sɩ pɑ sɔɔlɑ pɑ cɑɑ Ɩsɔ wei ɩ lǝsɑ-wɛɣɛ yomle tɑɑ tɔ.
Ɩsǝnɑ pɑ fɑɣɑ Lɩɩʋ tɑkǝlɑɣɑ tɔ:
Ɩsɔ kpɑwɑ Moisi kɛ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ tiikilu, nɑ Icipiti nyǝ́mɑ yele-wɛ sɩ pɑ́ tɛɛ, titite 1:1–15:21
Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ tɑpɑ wʋlɑɣɑ tɛtʋ tɑɑ, Ɩsɔ kentuɣu kɛ pɑ tɔɔ, titite 15:22–18:27
Ɩsɔ nɑ ɩ yǝlɑɑ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ pɑ nɔɣɔ pɛɛlʋɣʋ kɛ Holɛpʋ wʋlɑɣɑ tɛtʋ tɑɑ, nɑ kʋsǝsɩɩtʋ nɑɑnʋwɑ, titite 19–24
Ɩsɔ hʋlɑ Moisi kɛ cokǝle sikuɣu, titite 25–31
Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ luŋuɣu kɛ nɑule nɑ Ɩsɔ pɑ́ɑ́nɑ́, titite 32–34
Ɩsɔ cɑɣɑlɛ kɛ cokǝle tɑɑ, titite 35–40
ƖSƆ LƎSƎƔƖ ƖSƐƔƐLƖ NYƎ́MA KƐ ICIPITI TƐTƲ TAA
1
Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ yomle tɔɣɔʋ kɛ Icipiti
1 Yɑkɔpʋ wei pɑ cuɣusɑɑ sɩ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ tɔ, ɩ́ nɑ ɩ pǝyɑlɑɑ mpɑ pɑ polɑ Icipiti kɛ cɑɣɑlʋtʋ tɔ, pɑ lʋlʋŋ loosi nɑ pɑ hǝlɑ ntɔ. 2 Lupɛŋ, nɑ Simiyɔŋ, nɑ Lefii, nɑ Yutɑ, nɑ 3 Ɩsɑkɑɑ, nɑ Sɑpulɔŋ, nɑ Pɛncɑmɛɛ, 4 nɑ Tɑŋ, nɑ Nɛfǝtɑli, nɑ Kɑtɩ, nɑ Asɛɛ. 5 Yɑkɔpʋ pǝyɑlɑɑ nɑ ɩ sɑɑlǝnɑɑ mpɛ pɑ tǝnɑ pɑɑ wɛ yʋlʋnyɔɔŋ nɩɩtoso nɑ nɑɑnʋwɑ (70) kɛ́. Ɩlɛ ɩ pǝyɑlʋ lɛlʋ Yosɛɛfʋ nɑ́ lɑɑlɑ-wɛɣɛ Icipiti kɛ pote. 6 Pǝ wɑɑlɩ kɛ́ Yosɛɛfʋ nɑ ɩ tɑɑlʋnɑɑ mpɑ pɑɑ polɑ Icipiti tɔ pɑ sǝpɑ pɑ tǝnɑ. 7 Pɑɑ nɑ mpʋ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ mpɛ pɑ hukɑ teu tǝyomyom nɑ pɑ́ sú tɛtʋ nɑ pɑ toŋ fɛɩnɑ sɑɑlɑ.
8 Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ wulɑʋ kʋfɑlʋ nɔɣɔlʋ nɑ́ tɔɣɔ kɑwulɑɣɑ. Amɑ ɩ́lɛ́ ɩ tɑ nyɩ Yosɛɛfʋ. 9 Ntɛnɑ ɩ́ koti ɩ yǝlɑɑ nɑ ɩ́ tɔ-wɛ sɩ: Ɩ́ nyǝnɩ, Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ kǝlɑ-tʋɣʋ sɑmɑɑ nɑ toŋ, pɑ wɛ-tʋɣʋ ɑsolɑ kɛ́. 10 Mpʋ tɔ, pǝ wɛɛ sɩ tǝ́ pɛɛkɩ yɑɑsi wei tɩɩ pɑsǝnɑ-wɛ tɔ. Pǝ́ tɑɑ kɔɔ nɑ pǝ́ yoosi tɑ́ nɑ tɑ́ kolontunɑɑ nɑ mpɛ pɑ́ sɛɛnɑ pɑ tɔɔ nɑ pɑ́ kǝlɩ-tʋ. Ɩlɛnɑ pɑ́ se nɑ pɑ́ tɛɛ.
11
Tǝnɑɣɑlɛ Icipiti nyǝ́mɑ tʋwɑ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ kɛ yomle tǝmɑ wɑhɑlɑ nyǝnɑ. Nɑ pɑ́ kpɑ ɑ feŋlɑɑ nɑ pɛlɛ pɑ́ tʋɣʋ-wɛɣɛ-yɛ. Hɑlɩ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ mpɛ pɑ ŋmɑnɑ ɑcɑlɛɛ wenɑ pɑ yɑɑ sɩ Pitom nɑ Lɑmsɛsɩ tɔ. Tǝnɑɣɑ Icipiti wulɑʋɑ
sɩɩkɩ ɩ wontu. 12
Pɑɑ nɑ pɑ tǝmɑ ɑnǝɣɩ mpʋ tɔ, pɑ tɔŋnɑ hukuɣu kɛ́ nɑ pɑ́ suɣi tɛtʋ. Ɩlɛnɑ Icipiti nyǝ́mɑ tɛɛ nɑ́ɑ́ sʋʋkǝnɑ-wɛɣɛ sɔsɔm. 13-14
Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ pɑ tʋ-wɛɣɛ yomle tǝmɑ. Ɩlɛnɑ pɛlɛ pɑ́ lɩɩ pɑ tǝɣɩ luɣu. Mpi tɔ, cʋɣʋ kɛ pɑ cɑsɑɣɑ nɑ pɑ́ ŋmɑɑkɩ pilikinɑɑ, nɑ pɑ́ lɑkɩ tɑwɑ tǝmɑ tǝnɑ. Pɑ tʋkɑɣɑ-wɛɣɛ-yɛɣɛ ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ nɑ mʋsʋŋ.
Icipiti wulɑʋ kʋɣʋ kɛ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ piyɑ
15 Hepǝlɑ nyǝ́mɑ kɑ wɛnɑ ɑlɑɑ lʋlǝsǝlɑɑ kɛ nɑɑlɛɣɛ. Pɑ yɑɑ lɛlʋ sɩ Sifǝlɑ nɑ lɛlʋ sɩ Puwɑ. Mpʋɣʋlɛ Icipiti wulɑʋ yɑɑ-wɛ nɑ ɩ́ heeli-wɛ sɩ: 16 Ɩ́ feŋiɣi Hepǝlɑ ɑlɑɑ tǝlʋllɛ nɑ ɩ́ kʋɣɩ ɑpɑlʋpiyɑ kɛ sɑɑʋ tɑɑ kɛ́ kpɑkpɑɑ. Amɑ ɩ́ yeki ɑlʋpiyɑ.
17 Lʋlǝsǝlɑɑ mpɛ pɛlɛ pɑ nyɑŋɑɣɑnɑ Ɩsɔ. Ɩlɛnɑ pɑ́ kisi wulɑʋ tɔm ntɩ. Ɩlɛ pɑ tɑ kʋ ɑpɑlʋpiyɑ. 18 Tǝnɑɣɑlɛ wulɑʋ yɑɑ-wɛ nɑ ɩ́ pɔɔsɩ-wɛ sɩ: Pepe tɔɔ kɛ́ ɩɩ kʋɣɩ ɑpɑlʋpiyɑ mpɛ? 19 Ntɛnɑ lʋlǝsǝlɑɑ mpɛ sɩ: Hepǝlɑ ɑlɑɑ fɑɣɑnɑ Icipiti nyǝ́mɑ kɛ yoo. Pɑ ɑpɑlʋtʋ wɛ sɔɣɔntʋ. Pɑ lʋlǝɣɩ pɑ piyɑ kɛ́ nɑ pǝ́cɔ́ tɑ́ɑ́ tɑkɩ.
20-21 Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ Ɩsɔ koolɑ lʋlǝsǝlɑɑ mpɛɣɛ kʋpɑntʋ, nɑ ɩ́ lɑ́ nɑ pɑ piitim tɑɣɑlɩ. Mpi tɔ, pɑ nyɑŋɑɣɑnɑ-ɩ tɔ pǝ tɔɔ. Ɩlɛnɑ Ɩsɛɣɛlɩ nyǝ́mɑ nɑ́ɑ́ hukiɣi nɑ pɑ́ nyɔɔkɩ toŋ. 22 Ḿpʋ́ɣʋ́ Icipiti wulɑʋ tʋwɑ Icipiti nyǝ́mɑ tǝnɑ sɩ: Ye Hepǝlɑ ɑlʋ lʋlɑ ɑpɑlʋpǝyɑɣɑ ɩ́ tǝŋsɩ-kɛɣɛ Nili pɔɣɔ lʋm. Amɑ ɩ́ yeki ɑlʋpiyɑ.


text:
Sisiŋ tʋ
Kpɛlɩkpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʋʋ wonuu nakʋyʋ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-kʋ se siziŋ tʋ (acide). Kpɛlɩkpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʋʋ wonuu ŋ́gʋ, kɩpɩzɩɣ kɛkɛ ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʋ wonuu, kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩkɛ ajɔɔɖɛ tɛ (organique).
Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩkɛ nazɩyʋ pe taa naɖɩyɛ. Yee paɖʋza nazɩyʋ sɩɣlɩyʋ weyi payaɣ se idroniyɔɔm yɔ lɩm taa nɛ ɛyɔlɩ yɔ, pana siziŋ tʋ. Ɖoŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩyɛ sidiɣna kpɛlɩkpɛlɩ wondu sidii sidii nɛ siziŋ wondu lɩɣ.
Kpɛlɩkpɛlɩ wondu ńdʋ, tɩ-taa natʋyʋ kɔyɔ, ho nɛ kɩbɩm tɛ amoniyakɩ tɛ lɩm. Amoniyakɩ lɩm pʋnɛ pʋwɛŋna ɖoŋ se pɩpɩzɩ pɩhɔlɩ nazɩyʋ sɩɣlɩyʋ weyi payaɣ se « hydroxyle » yɔ lɩm taa.
Siziŋ tɩnaa wɛna ɖoŋ yɔlɩyaa yɔɔ, ɛlɛ, siziŋ tɩnaa mba pɛfɛyɩ ɖoŋ yɔ, pɛfɛyɩna ɖoŋ nɩɩyɛ yɔlɩyaa yɔɔ. Yee siziŋ tɩnaa ɛɖɔ kpɛlɩkpɛlɩ wonuu nakʋyʋ taa kɔyɔ, piyeki nɛ siziŋ tɩnaa ɖɔɔ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ.
Ñɩnɩyʋ sɔsɔ Brønsted-Lewis tɔŋ se yee yɔlɩyʋ eheba nɛ siziŋ tʋ nɔɔyʋ yɔlɩ lɩm taa kɔyɔ, ɛ-tɛ mbʋ payaɣ se « pH » yɔ, pɩ-tɛ ɖoŋ ɛɛtalɩɣ lʋbɛ.
Pasɩma siziŋ tɩnaa ɖooo lɔŋ. Pasɩm-wɛ pɩlɩɩna ɖoŋ weyi pɛwɛna nɛ papɩzɩɣ pɔhɔlʋʋ ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʋ yɔ.
Kpɛlɩkpɛlɩ laɖʋ sɔsɔ, ɖajaa Robert Boyle ñɩnaa nɛ ɛtɩlɩ se siziŋ tɩnaa wɛna ɖoŋ se pɛlɛɣzɩ mbʋ payaɣ se « tournesol » yɔ tɔlɩm. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ ɛñɩnaa nɛ ɛna se siziŋ tɩnaa yeki nɛ « tournesol » tɔlɩm kɛ kɩsɛmɩŋ. Ɖajaa Robert Boyle kɛ Iŋglisi ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ.


text:
Etaazuunii
Etaazuunii kɛna ajɛya sakiyɛ kɩkpɛndɩɣ. Ɛlɛ Etaazuunii wɛna Amerika nɛ kɩ-hayɩ kɩŋ. Ajɛya nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna kpɛm nɛ payaɣ se Etaazuunii. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ ajɛya cikpena nayɛ wɛ 48 nɛ amalɩna nɩnɩwa lɛɛna. Ajɛya anɛ, awɛ Atlantiki teŋgu nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Pasifiki teŋgu. Hayɩ kɩŋ lɛ, Kanadaa ɛjaɖɛ piyele Mekisiki ñɛwɛna hadɛ kiŋ. Ajɛya nayɛ ñɔtɩna Etaazuunii ɛlɛ afɛyɩ kamaɣ yɔɔ; ana lɛ: Alaskaa (Kanadaa nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa) nɛ awayɩ Pasifiki hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ.
Pɩcɔ nɛ Eerɔpɩ ñɩma woki Etaazuunii tɛtʊ taa nɛ pakpacayʊ-ɖɩ lɛ, ɛyaa nabɩyɛ, Ameerɩndɩyɩŋwaa mba palɩna Eraazi yɔ paatɛma wɛʊ peeɖe pɩlabɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 1 5000 mbʊ yɔ yɔ. Eerɔpɩ mba tɛ Etaazuunii kpacayʊʊ paɣzɩ ɛzaɩ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩʊwaa hiu nɛ looɖo yɔ. Pɩtaakɛ Eerɔpɩ ɛyaa ɖeke ɛlɛ Krandɩ-Pretaañɩ mba ɖʊ ɖɔɖɔ pe-nesi ɖomaɣaɣ fenaɣ 14 wiye pɩnaɣ 1607. Mbʊ yebina nɛ you ñapaazɩ nɛ kɩsɩɩna hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ naanza pɩnaɣ 1775 wiye lɛ, Etaazuunii mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ. Keteŋa kpeekpe taa lɛ, Etaazuunii lɛɣna mʊʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ.
Tɛtʊ sɔsɔyʊ payaɣ se Washington Peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ yɔ Ɖajaa Donald Trump nɛ ɛnʊ kɛna peeɖe ñʊŋ tɩna 44 tʊ nɛ ɛ-tɛɛ tʊ yɔ Mike Pence.
Tɔm keem
- 1 Ki-kiɖe
- 2 Caanaʊ tɔm
- 3 Politiki
- 4 Kewiyisi nɛ ajɛya
- 5 Kɩ-ɖɩwɛyɛ
- 6 Ajɛya lɛɛna yɔɔ politiki
- 7 Sɔɔjɛɛtʊ ɖoŋ
- 8 Tɔsʊʊ
- 9 Samaɣ
- 10 Samaɣ ñʋʋ tɩlʋʋ
- 11 Lɛɣtʊ nɛ sɔnzɩ
- 12 Ɛyaa sɔsaa
- 13 Anjaʊ ŋgʊ pasɩŋna-kʊ yɔ
- 14 Ki-nimaɣ
- 15 Takayɩhayʊʊ tɛɛ tɔm nɛ tɩ-ɖɩnayɛ
- 16 ɩcɔna ɖɔɖɔ
Ki-kiɖe[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Caanaʊ tɔm[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Pɔcɔ Christoph Colomb fɛyɩɣ nɩŋgbaŋaɣ (pʊcɔ pɩnaɣ 1492 talɩ)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Yomiye taa alɩwaatʊ(1492-1775)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Yomiye taa lɩʊ nɛ paɣtʊ kɩfatʊ(1775-1800)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ tɛtʊ ̃nɩnʊʊ nɛ ̃nɩɣtʊ lubu nɛ yomiye taa lɩʊ (1800-1917)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Yoŋ yeba nɛ patɩlɩ ki-ɖoŋ(1917-1991)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Sɔnɔdaa alɩwaatʊ(1991-2016)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Politiki[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kewiyisi nɛ ajɛya[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kɩ-ɖɩwɛyɛ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Mbʊ patɩlɩɣna-kʊ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kɩ-hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɖenɖe ɛyaa wɛɛ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ajɛya lɛɛna yɔɔ politiki[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Sɔɔjɛɛtʊ ɖoŋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tɔsʊʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Mbʊ pʊwɛɛ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tɔsʊʊ politiki[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Samaɣ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Samaɣ yɔɔ kandayʊʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Samaɣ ñʋʋ tɩlʋʋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Pɩnaɣ 2015 ñɩŋa taa lɛ, Etaazunii samaɣ kɩkpɛnda 320 miliiyɔɔ.[1]
Lɛɣtʊ nɛ sɔnzɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Lɛɣtʊ nɛ tɩlɩtʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Takayɩsɩ nɛ filosofii[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Nesi tɛɛ tʊma[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kuduyuŋ maʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Minziiki nɛ aleɣya[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tɩzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛsɔ nʊmɔʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Sɩpɔɔrɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kazandʊ nɛ avema kɩhɛza[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kʋnʋmɩŋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛyaa sɔsaa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Anjaʊ ŋgʊ pasɩŋna-kʊ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ki-nimaɣ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Takayɩhayʊʊ tɛɛ tɔm nɛ tɩ-ɖɩnayɛ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
ɩcɔna ɖɔɖɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Takayɩsɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tɔm lɛɛtʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Awayɩ kpasɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
- ↑ Modèle:En Current Population Clock - U.S. Census Bureau. Pakalʋʋ samaɣ ñʋʋ paa cɛcɛyaɣ ŋga ka-taa.


text:
James Watt
James Watt kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Ekɔsɩ yɔ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa pɩɣa yaa ɖɩ-ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ Ekɔsɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa peeɖe. Palʋla-ɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu (19) nɛ nakʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye. Egeetiye yaa lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ taa palʋla-ɩ yɔɔ payaɣ size Greenock, tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩwɛ Ekɔsɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Ɛsɩba kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kagbanzɩ yaa hiŋ naalɛ nɛ kagbanzɩ (25) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1819 n̄ɩŋga taa. Egeetiye ndɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Heathfield Hall yɔ ɖɩ-taa ɛsɩba ɛ-ɖaɣ maɣmaɣ taa. Ɛ-ɖaɣ ŋga pɛcɛlɩ hɩɖɛ size Handsworth yɔ ka-taa ɛsɩba pɩnzɩ hiŋ lutozo nɛ naadozo taa.
Ɛ-ɖaɣ ŋga, lɛɛlɛɛ yɔ, kɛ-tɛtʋ sʋ Birmingham egeetiye taa kɛ Iglisi ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɖajaa Ekɔsɩ abalʋ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ pana n̄aɣyʋʋ sɔsɔ yaa tamaɣ lɩzɩyʋʋ taa sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ siŋŋ kɛ Ekɔsɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa peeɖe. Ekɔsɩ tʋ ɛnɛ, ɛcɛyɩna ɛ-tɩ nɛ ɛtasɩ n̄ɔzʋʋ camɩyɛ anasaayɩ n̄ɩɣyʋ ŋgʋ kɩlakɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ fefeku yɔ.
Ɖajaa sɔsɔ James ɛnɛ, ɖajaa naa panɛ : Joseph Black nɛ John Roebuck pa-tʋma ɖɔdɔ sɩnana-ɩ nɛ ɛpɩozɩ ɛlu yaa ɛla camɩyɛ anasaayɩ n̄ɩɣyʋ ŋgʋ kɩlakɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ fefeku yɔ. Mbʋ yɔ, ɛ-taabalaa panɛ paakɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkɩyaa tʋmɩyɛ mba paamʋ tɩlɩtʋ nimye yɔ.
Ɛlaba nɛ tʋma ndɩ ndɩ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Lunar Society yɔ, ɖɩwɛ ɖoŋ nɛ patɩlɩ ɖɩ-tʋmaa poliŋ taa. Ɖajaa Birmingham tɩnɛ ŋgbɛ nɖɩ. Ɖajaa James Watt caa kaakɛ lɔbʋyʋʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Lɔbʋtʋ tʋmɩyɛ ɛ-caa kaakpɛlɛka.


text:
Georges Bizet
Alexandre César Léopold Bizet, pakɩlɩ-ɩ sɩm nɛ Georges Bizet. Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛkɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa hendu lɩzɩyʊ. Palʊla-ɩ aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 25 pɩnaɣ 1838 Paarii tɛtʊ. Ɛsɩ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 3 pɩnaɣ 1875 taa kɛ Bougivale (Seine-et-Oise). Ɛnʊ lɩzɩna Carmen hendu, opera naa taa kajalaɣ ñɩŋʊ ŋgʊ pakɩlaɣ teu yɔ.
Palʊla Bizet aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 25 pɩnaɣ 1838 alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ Auvergne tɛ Tour habɩyɛ yɔɔ Paarii tɛtʊ (egeetiye kɩbɩnɖɛ naalɛ nɖɛ).
Ɛ-caa, Adolphe Armand Bizet, kɔɔnaɣ taa lɛ, ɛɛkɛ hʊnɖʊ nɛ hulasi lʊyʊ, pɩsɩ ɛtɩ hendu kpɛlɛkɩyʊ pɩnaɣ 1837. E-ɖoo, Aimée Léopoldine Joséphine Delsarte, ɛkɛ piyaanoo maɖʊ, kpɛlɛkɩ-ɩ ñɩɣyʊ ŋgʊ kɩyɔɔ kajalaɣ laɣsɩ. E-egbele François Delsarte, ɛlɛ ñɛkɛ wilɩyʊ sɔsɔ hendu nɔmɔʊ taa, Gluck tʊ keeke, ɛkɛ niiye mʊyʊ Erɔpʊ kpeekpe taa.
Paɖanɩ pɩɣa lɩm sɔʊ nɛ paya-kɛ se Georges Bizet lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 16 pɩnaɣ 1840 taa kɛ Notre-Dame-de Lorette Paarii tɛtʊ taa. Ɛ-kpaŋgbamʊ abalɩ ñɩnʊ kɔyɔ Philippe Louis Brulley, Brunière tɛ ñɩnʊ. Halɩñɩnʊ kɔyɔ Hyppolite Sidonie Daspres. Georges caŋ ɛwɩlɩ kʊjɔŋ sakɩyɛ pɩlɩna miziiki hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ ɛtɩ sʊʊ payɛ nɛ yɔɔdaɣ ɖɩkpɛlɩyɛ Paarii tɛtʊ taa ɛlɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ nakʊ yeke. Marmontel piyaanoo ɖaŋ taa kɛ ɛsʊwa. Ɛcaŋ ɛmʊ kɩhɛyʊ piyaanoo mabʊ nɔmɔʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1851 nɛ naalɛ ŋgʊ pɩnaɣ 1852.
Georges kpaɣ halʊ kɛ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 3 pɩnaɣ 1869. Ɛ-halʊ ɛnʊ payaɣ se Geneviève Halévy, ɛkɛ Georges tɛ hendu lɩzʊʊ wɩlɩyʊ. Payaɣa-ɩ se Jacques Fromental Halévy, pɩnzɩ lʊbɛ kɛ ɛ-sɩm wayɩ nɛ Léonie Rodrigues-Henriques. Evebu pɩɣa ŋga kaawɛna pɩnzɩ 30 lɛ, ɛ-halʊ kaawɛna pɩnzɩ 20. Ɛsʊʊ pɩtɩŋna e-nesi ɖɔkʊʊ yɔɔ kɛ Halévy cejewiye taa, pɩɩkɛ Yuda mba cejewiye sɔsɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ kɛ nɖɩ ɖɩɩwɛ Fransɩɩ ɛyaa taa yɔ.


text:
Wasɩŋtɔŋ
Wasɩŋtɔŋ kɛna Etaazuunii keteŋa taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natʊyʊ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛna Etazuunii nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ. Ɛlɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkɩla wɛʊ keteŋa ŋga nɛ ka-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ yɔ nɖɩ lɛ Alasika. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩcɔ-tʊ nɛ tɩtaa yɔ, ndʊ yɔ: hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Kanadaa tɛtʊ nɛ Piritaaniiki tɛ Kolombii, hadɛkiŋ lɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se Oregɔŋ yɔ piyele nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Idaho tɛtʊ ñɛwɛna, pɩkazɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Pasifiki teŋgu wɛna.
Pɩtɔpɔzɩ se piyiidi ɛyʊ, yee ɛnɩɣ payaɣ se Wasɩŋtɔŋ kɔyɔ. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, Wasɩŋtɔŋnɩwaa wɛ nabʊlɛ taa: kacalaɣ ñɩŋgʊ lɛ kʊkʊ wɛ Etazuunii nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa nɛ ŋgʊ lɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ; piyele naalɛ ñɩŋgʊ lɛ, ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊ kʊ-tɔm yɔ nɛ kʊnɛ kɩwɛna Etazuunii nɛ kɩwɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ.
Ɛlɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩnatʊlɛ mbʊyʊ yɔ Amerika ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ weyi payawaɣ-ɩ se George Washington yɔ, ɛ-hɩɖɛ pɛcɛla tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩtɩŋa. Sɔdʊ kɔnɛ, George Washington, ɛnʊ kɛŋna Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ kacalaɣ ñɩnʊ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm ta wɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛttanaa 184 824. Hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 2010 taa pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ Wasɩŋtɔŋ tɛtʊ taa lɛ, pana ɛyaa miliyɔɔnaa 6 724 540. Mbʊ yebina nɛ pana se tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩkɛna 13 ñɩndʊ kɛ Etazuunii tɛtʊ kpeekpe taa ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ yɔ.
Pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga ka-taa pakalɩ piya mba palʊlaa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda 12,9 kɛ ɛyaa mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ pa-taa lɛ oiya ɛzɩ 4,5 sɩkɩ; nɛ ɛyaa mba pazɩba yɔ papa kpɛnda ɛyaa 7,2kɛ ɛyaa mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ aŋgilisi.


text:
Luwiiziyaaana
Luwiiziyaaana kɛna Etaazunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ cikpetʊ natʊyʊ. Nɛ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ajɛya cikpena naayɛ nɩɩnɩwa kpɛndɩna nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ kʊɖʊmɖɩyɛ taa kpaɩ. Etaazunii tɔbʊʊ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se ajɛya kɩkpɛndʊʊ. Luwiiziyaaana taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se New Orleans nɛ tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ.
Pamaza Luwiiziyaana ɛjaɖɛ cikpeɖe ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ ɛzɩ 2 275 940 km2.Luwiiziyaana kɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Ɛspañɔɔlɩ yɔ ɖɩhɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Pɩnaɣ 1764 taa kɛ Ɛspañɔɔilɩ mba kpacayaɣ Luwiiziyaana tɛ pʊkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1800. Pɩkpaɣʊna pɩnaɣ ŋga yɔ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩwɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ kpaɣna hayʊ kiŋ puwolo pɩsɩɩna hadɛ yɔ, pɩpaazɩna Kanadaa nɛ Mɛkiziiki piyele wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ sɩ-ɖʊlɩyɛ lɛ Misisipii Pɔɔ nɛ pʊŋ nɩɩyɛ nɛ peeɖe ñɛwɛna kaaŋŋ ɖeke.
Kʊnʊmɩŋ weyi pakɩlʊʊ yɔɔdʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlʊʊ-kʊ sukulinaa taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ,ɩnʊʊ lɛ yɔ fransɩɩ nɛ ɛspaañɔɔlɩ. Ɛlɛ siŋŋŋ taa lɛ, komina maɣmaɣ tatɩɩ hada nɔɔ camɩyɛ se aŋgilisi kɛŋna kɩ-kʊnʊŋ.


text:
Pɔtasɩyɔm
Pɔtasɩyɔm ɛnʊ ɖɩyaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se kaŋwa, ɛkɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-tɛ ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 19 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ K (latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, kalium). Ɛkɛ ñɩɣlɩm ɖʊʊyʊ pɩyʊ weyi ɛwɛ ɖɔfɩɩ yɔ, ɛhʊlɩmɩ ñɩɣlɩm tɩyɛ, nɛ epiyi pazɩ, ɛkɛ pʊtʊ ɛkpɛndɩɣ ɛ-tɩ nɛ pʊtʊnaa lɛɛla kɛ teŋgu lɩm taa yɔ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm wondu lɛɛtʊ. Ɛɛlazɩɣ mʊ kalɩkɔdaɣ helim taa nɛ patɩ ɖʊyɩ lɩm kɔyɔ ɛ-tɩ lɛɣzɩɣ kpaagbaa.
Palɩ kaŋwa yɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1807 pɩtɩŋna Humphry Davy yɔɔ, ɛlɛ ɛtɩŋna kaŋwa nazɩyʊ yɛkɛlɩnayʊ yɔɔ kɛnɛ, pɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ yɔɔ pʊtʊ weyi paapɩza palɩzɩ-ɩ ɛwɛ eyeke yɔ pɩtɩŋna nazɩyʊ yɛkɛlɩnayʊ yɔɔ. Davy ɛnʊ lʊbɩna hɩɖɛ se pɔtasɩyɔm nɛ ɖɩya-ɩ nɛ kabɩyɛ taa se kaŋwa, pɩlɩna hɩɖɛ kaŋwa yɔɔ (pɔtasɩyɔm kaŋwa hɩɖɛ lɛ ɖooo canaʊ alɩwaatʊ taa) ɛ nɛ pɩyɔɔ tɔmʊʊ kɩtɩnɩɣ ium).
Yʊsaɣ mayaɣ K lɩna latɛŋ taa kalium, hɩɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-maɣmaɣ ɖɩlɩna ceu kʊnʊŋ taa (tɩŋ hɛkʊ taa). Pɔtasɩyɔm tɔbʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se kalɩyɔm kɛ Caama kʊnʊŋ taa Caama kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ taa. Pɔtasɩyɔm ɛzɩ kɩ-tomnaɣ wɛʊ yɔ kɩwɛ ɖɔfɩɩ nɛ papɩzɩɣ pɛsɛtɩ-kʊ kɛbɛyɛ nɛ saɣ. Nɛ pɛsɛtɩɣ kpa lɛ, nɔsɩ yɔɔ ñɩɣlɩsɩɣ. Ɛlaɣzɩɣ mʊ kalɩkɔdaɣ helim taa lɛ mbʊ lɛ pɩkɛ kɩjɛyɩɣ se pasɩ-ɩ num taa kɛnɛ.
Pɔtasɩyɔm kɛ pɩtʊ weyi ɛ-tɔm wɛ kɩjɛyɩɣ tɩŋ paɣlaka hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Pana-ɩ se ɛkɛ pʊtʊ nɔyʊ tɛtʊ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ taa (ɛkɛ mʊzʊŋ pɩyʊ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ haɖaʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa). Ɛkɛ kɩjɛyʊʊ pɩyʊ ɖɔɖɔ kɛ kpɩna fezuu labʊ taa.
Yee ɛyʊ efeza pɔtasɩyɔm kɔyɔ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɔna kʊdɔmɩŋ sakɩyɛ. Ɛyʊ eliba feziŋ ɛnʊ yɔ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɔna-ɩ ɛsa kʊdɔŋ, ɛ-mɔŋ tɛ wɩɣ, eliu tɛ wɩɣ nɛ pɩkɔna acɩmsa, kpezuu nɛ liu tɛ wɩzasɩ. Pɩ-tɛ fefeku ɛkɩlɩ ɖɔʊ ɛyʊ hʊzɩŋ taa kɔyɔ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɔna sɩm. Yee putukina ɛyʊ tɔnʊʊ yaa ɛ-ɛsɛ kɔyɔ pɩha-ɩ heŋ sɔsɔŋ matɛŋ matɛŋ.


text:
Alexandre Pouchkine
Alexandre Sergueïevitch Pouchkine kɛ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛfɛyɩ felendu kaʋ yɔ. Palʋla ɖajaa Alexandre Sergueïevitch Pouchkine mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʋ loɖo (6) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye,pɩnaɣ 1799 n̄ɩŋga taa.
Nabɛyɛ n̄ɔtɔŋ size pɩtɛkɛ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ taa palʋla-ɩ, ɛlɛ, agoza fenaɣ taa kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ loɖo (26) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1799 n̄ɩŋga taa. Palʋla-ɩ Mɔsɩkuu tɛtʋ taa.
Ɛkɛ n̄amtʋ pɩɣa ɛ-taabalaa nɛ samaɣ ŋga ɛwɛ ka-taa yɔ kɛ-ɛsɩndaa. Ɛ-pɩcatʋ taa ɛɛkɛ pɩɣa ŋga kɛwɛ lɛɣtʋ siŋŋ yɔ. Ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛwɛna tandaʋ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ yɔ. Ɛsɩba lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu (10) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1837 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛlɛ, lalaa ñɔtɔŋ size ɛsɩba kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ loɖo (26) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛnɛ pɩnaɣ kʋɖʋmaɣ ŋga ka-taa.
Saint-Pétersbourg tɛtʋ taa ɛsɩba. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ hiŋ naadozo nɛ lutozo (38) mbʋ yɔɔ lɛ ɛsɩba. Ɖajaa Pouchkine kɛ takayasɩ kɩkalasɩ mayʋ sɔsɔ siŋŋ.
Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ keɣsi yayʋ nɛ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ n̄ɩnɩyʋ sɔsɔ siŋŋ.
Sɔsɔ Alexandre Pouchkine hɔʋ kɛ ñɩm hɔʋ. Payaɣ e-ɖoo se Nadejda Ossipovna Pouchkina. Ɛlɛ kɛ halʋ keɖewa tʋ nɔɔyʋ.


text:
Salvador Dalí
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech kɛ Ɛsɩpaañɩ tʋ. Palʋla ɖajaa sɔsɔ Salvador Domingo Felipe kɛ egeetiye yaa lone nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ size Figueras yɔ ɖɩ-taa.
Hɩɖɛ nɖɩ pakɩlɩna-ɩ sɩm yaa pakɩlɩ yaʋ yɔ, nɖɩ lɛ Salvador Dalí. Ɛkɛ mbʋ payaɣna Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size "marquis de Dalí de Púbol" yɔ. Palʋla-ɩ agoza fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ kʋɖʋmʋ (11) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1904 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛkɛ abalʋ weyi ɛ-ka sɔɔla tʋma ndɩ ndɩ labʋ siŋŋ yɔ. Ɛfɛyɩ felendu kaʋ. Ɛsɔɔla nesi tɛɛ tʋma ndɩ ndɩ labʋ.
E-egeetiye Figueras tɛtʋ ndʋ, tɩ-taa paalʋla-ɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ ɛsɩba kɔlaɣ fenaɣ taa kɛ evemiye yaa kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ naadozo yaa hiŋ naalɛ nɛ naadozo (23) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1989 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɖajaa Salvador ɛnɛ, ɛsɩkaɣ lɛ, ɛkawɛna pɩnzɩ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ pɩtɩnɩ pɩyɔɔ pɩnzɩ kagbanzɩ (75) kɛ mbʋ yɔ. Ɛɛkɛ tʋma ndɩ ndɩ laɖʋ weyi ɛfɛyɩ pɛkɛdɩna nɔɔyʋ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ. Ɛwɛ lɔŋ nɛ lɛɣtʋ siŋŋ, ɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ kpeɖe kpeɖe ɛ-tʋma labʋ taa.
Ɖajaa sɔsɔ Salvador Dalí kɛ sɛmɩŋ taʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ kam tʋ nɔɔyʋ kɛ Ɛsɩpan̄ɔlɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ taa. Ɛtaɣ sɛmɩŋ tɔlɩm kuduyuŋ sɔsɔ sakɩyɛ, nɛ kɩlɛmɩŋ kɩlɩzɩŋ weyi ɛfɛyɩ kalɩʋ. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ saɣʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Ɛkɛ sɩɣgbelasɩ saɣyʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ sɔsɔ kpim kpim nɔɔyʋ. Sɩɣgbelasɩ nzɩ ɛsaɣkɩ yɔ, nzɩ nabɛyɛ n̄ayaa size agɔlɩmaa. Ɛsaɣ ɛyʋ nɛ peteheyiŋ size ɛyʋ ɛnʋ efezu ŋtisuu.
Ɖajaa Salvador ɛnɛ, ɛsaɣkɩ ɖɔɖɔ, wendunaa ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ lakɩ waa mayʋ. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size ɛkɛ pʋtʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩlaɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Lakɩ lakɩ maʋʋ yaa lakɩ waa maʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ, nɖɩ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "scénariste". Pakalʋʋna ɖɔɖɔ ɖajaa sɔsɔ ɛnɛ kɛ takayaɣsɩ mayaa taa. Ɛkɛ takayasɩ mayʋ pacidim sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ.
Ɛ-takayaɣsɩ maʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩ-tʋmɩyɛ taa pazʋʋyɩ hɩɖɛ size Katalan takayaɣsɩ mayʋ. Ɖajaa sɔsɔ ɛnɛ, pasɩma-ɩ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ kedeŋa yaa ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa. Ɛ-tʋmaa fɛyɩ pamazɩyɛ nɛ naayɛ. Ɛlakɩ ɛ-tʋma anɛ yɔ nɛ sɔɔlɩm nɛ taa leleŋ mbʋ yɔ, ɛnʋ lɩzɩna yɛ, nɛ ɛkpɛlɩkɩ yɛ. Pagba ɛ-hɩɖɛ nɛ paya yaa pɛcɛlɛ keɖeyaɣ wendu kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ nakʋyʋ. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ lona naayɛ kɔyɔ : Salvador Dali Museum, nɛ théâtre-musée Dalí.


text:
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong (yaa Mao tsé-Toung, yaa Mao Tsé-Tung, yaa Mao Tso-Tong) kɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ, ɛtɛ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ Sɔɔjanaa ñʊʊdʊ kɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtaɣ peeɖe. Ɛnʊ ɖiiyanaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ nɛ ɛnʊ yebinaɣ nɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ samaɣ hiu kadɩ yɔ caʊ. Ɛ-caa kakɛ haɖʊ nɛ payawayɩ se Mao Xunsheng nɛ e-ɖoo kɛlɛ Wen Qimei. Palʊlɛy-ɩ Shaoshan kɛ Hunan egeetiye taa kɛ nɛɛlɛ nɛ loɖo evemiye wiye saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1893. Ɛ-sɩba Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ taa kɛ peekɛɛ kɛ evemiye nakʊ nɖɛ wiye salaŋ fenaɣ taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1976.
Ɛkaɣ wɛna halʊʊ kʊɖʊm nɛ pɩɣa lʊbɛ. Mao Zedong politiki ŋgbɛ payawaɣ se Shanghai, kɛ pɩnaɣ 1921 taa. Ɖɩcɔnaɣ kɔyɔ, pɩnzɩ 1934-1935 taa lɛ, Mao Zedong kakɛnaɣ ninɖiyiɣʊ sɔsɔ kɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛcɔnaɣ kɔyɔ, ɛnaɣ Tchang kai-Chek po-you nɛ Japɔŋ wutuʊ yebinaɣ nɛ ɛkɛ kɔɔnɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1954 pʊkɔɔ pɩsɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ 1959, mbʊ pʊyɔ yɔ ɛnʊ ka-kɛna waɖʊ po-you ŋgʊ kɩ-taa. Mao Zedong kʊnʊŋ kɔyɔ Xiang. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ Siini samaɣ kaklɩlaɣ ñʋʋdʊ. Mao Zedong caɣa pɩnzɩ waaɣ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ yɔ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa waɣɩ lɛ ɛlabaɣ you, ɛwaɣ nɛ ɛɖanɩ kpaʊ kewiyaɣ pʊkɔ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩbaɣ pɩnaɣ 1976 taa. Tʊma wena ɛpɩzaɣ ɛlaɣ nɛ pʊcɔ Ɛsɔ yaɣ-ɩ nɛ ɛcɔlɔ kiŋ yɔ, a-taa nayɛ kɔyɔ : Ɛɛkɛ takayaɣ taa maʊ sɔsɔ kɛ Siini politiki ŋgbɛ nɖɩ payawaɣ se nɔɔ kpɛŋdɩ ŋgbɛ yɔ, ɛɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ sɔɔjanaa mba paawɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʊ taa pa-ñʊʊdʊ, ɛɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛyʊ wei ɛhawaɣ paɣtʊ siŋ yɔ. Ɛpaɣ ɛ-samaɣ se kɔtɔkɩ yaa ketisuu ŋgbɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ yɔ ka-paɣtʊ yɔ ɖeke koŋ. Ɛlakaɣ ɛzɩ URSS lakʊ yɔ, papaɣ tʊʊ ɛɖʊ ɛtɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ tɩyɔ ɛnaɣ ɛ-samaɣ pɔɖɔŋɑɣ. Ɛɖʊza ɛjaɖɛ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ nesi tɛ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1921 taa.


text:
Nɛyɔɔ
Nɛyɔɔ kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 10 nɛ yʊsaɣ mayaɣ kɔyɔ Ne. Ɛkɛ fefeku kɩbaŋʊ, yaa kɛdɛɖaɣ fefeku nɛ kiiciɣdu, kɩfɛyɩna ɖɔɖɔ tɔlɩm nabʊyʊ, paɖʊ-ɩ kɔŋkɔŋ naa taa yaanɛyɔɔ kandʊ naa mba pa-taa fɛyɩ pʊyʊ kɔyɔ, ɛlakɩ sɛmɩŋ tɩyɛ.
Ɛsɔkaɣ taa lɛ, ɛdɔɖɔɔ, nɛ e-kpeekpe ɛ-tɛ ppm kɛlɛ 18. Nɛyɔɔ wɛnɩ ɖiɣ ɖiɣ agbele naa naatozo, 20Ne, 21Ne, 23Ne, nɛ ɛwɛna hilimiye ñʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩɩlɛzʊʊ yɔɔ 20,1797 (6). Ɛwɛna ɖɔɖɔ tʊʊʊ ɖoŋ wɛnayʊ agbelenaa 16 kpaɣ 16Ne ŋtalɩ 34Ne, ɛlɛ pa nɛ yɔ pɛ-tɛ fezuu caɣʊ eeleɖiɣ.
Nɛyɔɔ kɛ fefeku kɩtɛɖɩɣ naalɛ ŋgʊ, kɩwɛnɩ hɛlɩyɔm lɩm ñɩŋʊ niidiɣ ɖoŋ tam 40 nɛ hɩdrɔzɛnɩ lɩm ñɩŋʊ niidiɣ ɖoŋ tam nabutozo (pɛ-tɛ ɖɔʊ wɛ kɩmaŋ). Tʊma sakɩyɛ labʊ taa, ɛkɛ niidiyu weyi ɛfɛyɩ liidiye ɛzɩ hɛlɩyɔm yɔ.
Kɩpaɣlʊ William Ramsay nɛ Morris Travers ñɩnɩna nɛ patɩlɩ nɛyɔɔ Ɛnglɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, heɣlim pɩsʊʊ taa, pɩnaɣ 1898. Pʊtʊnaa caɣyɛ kpata taa lɛ, hɔɔlʊʊ hiu nɛ lutozo ñɩŋʊ taa, mbʊ lɛ, ɛ-tɛ nɛ fefekiŋ kiiciɣdiŋ tɛ, ɛ-taa wɛ nasɩyʊ fɛyɩ waa hiu, nazɩyʊ sɩɣlɩyʊ waa hiu nɛ kɔtɩɩ waa hiu ɖɔɖɔ. Nɛyɔɔ wɛ ɛsɔkaɣ taa nɛ kɩ-tɛ kpɩndʊʊ maɣna 0,0018%.
Lemuu sɛmɩŋ caʊʊ weyi nɛyɔɔ lɩzɩɣ kɩ-tɩ taa yɔ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ ayɛɛnɛ yaa amʊʊza tɔm ɖisusiye. Nɛyɔɔ, mbʊ peyeba paya pɩ-tɛ miŋ ɛnʊ paa palakaɣ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ fefekiŋ lɛɛŋ kɔyɔɔ kʊnɛ ɛnʊ kɩwaba. Ɛlɛ pɩɩkɛ nɔɔdaa palakaɣ kɔzɔ kɔzɩ ɖɩɣa taa miŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa, tovonum lɛ, pɩkɛ mʊntʊsʊʊ wondu (pɩlɩna pa-hɩla wena kewiyaɣ sɩma-yɛ yɔ a-yɔɔ.


text:
Ñɩɣtʋ natʋyʋ wɛɛ nɛ tɩyɔŋ lɛɛtʋ. Ɖoŋ weyi ñɩɣtʋ ndʋ tɩwɛna nɛ tɩyɔŋ lɛɛtʋ yɔ payaɣ se ñɩɣtʋ hɔm kpɛlɛkʋʋ. Mbʋ payaɣ se « champ magnétique » yɔ pɩhaɣna ñɩɣtʋ ndʋ ɖoŋ nɛ tɩpɩzɩɣ tɩhɔŋ lɛɛtʋ.
Mbʋ payaɣ se « champ magnétique » yɔ, pʋwɛ paa ñɩɣtʋ tɩŋa taa. Ɛlɛ, « champ magnétique » wɛtʋ ñɩɣyʋʋ taa lɩɣna ñɩɣyʋʋ ŋ́gʋ ki-feveku cɔlɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se yee ñɩɣyʋʋ
Ñɩɣtʋ ndʋ tɩhɔŋ ñɩɣtʋ lɛɛtʋ yɔ payaɣ se ɛɛmaɣ waa. Ɛɛmaɣ waa wɛna mbʋ payaɣ se « moments magnétiques » waa yɔ. Mbʋ payaɣ se « ferromagnétisme » yɔ pɩhaɣna « moments magnétiques » waa.
Paa mbʋ yɔ, pɩtɛkɛ ñɩɣtʋ tɩŋa taa « moments magnétiques » waa wɛɛ. Ñɩɣtʋ ndʋi tɩ-taa « moments magnétiques » waa fɛyɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa wɛ mbʋ payaɣ se « paramagnétiques » waa yɔ. Paba ñahaɣna-tʋ ɖoŋ nɛ tɩpɩzɩɣ tɩhɔŋ ñɩɣtʋ lɛɛtʋ.
Ñɩɣtʋ lɛɛtʋ lɛ, tʋtʋ cuyuu lɛɛtʋ kucuyu. Mbʋ payaɣ se « diamagnétisme » yɔ, pʋbʋ ñɛwɛna ñɩɣtʋ tʋtʋ tɩ-taa, mbʋ yekina nɛ tucuyuu lɛɛtʋ kucuyu. Mbʋ payaɣ se « antiferromagnétisme » yɔ, pʋbʋ ñɛwɛna ñɩɣtʋ lɛɛtʋ taa. Ñɩɣtʋ ndʋ tɩfɛyɩna ɖoŋ se tɩpɩzɩ tɩyɔ lɛɛtʋ yɔ payaɣ se « amagnétiques » waa.


text:
Reine Victoria
Victoria (palʊla-ɩ Alexandria Victoria cejewiye taa, agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 24 pɩnaɣ 1819 Kensington kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣa taa Londre tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛsɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 22 pɩnaɣ 1901 Osborne House Wight lɩm hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ. Ɛɛkɛ Royaume-Uni ɛjaɖɛ taa kewiyaɣ ñʊʊ tʊ pʊtɔbʊʊ se abiɖe Pretagne Sɔsɔʊ nɛ Irɩlandɩ ajɛyɛ taa mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 20 pɩnaɣ 1837 pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɖooo ɛ-sɩm alɩwaatʊ. Kpaɣnɛ pɩnaɣ 1867 hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ kajalaɣ ŋgʊ wiye ɛɛkɛ Canada ɛjaɖɛ taa abiɖe nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Ɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ wiyaʊ sɔsɔ (abiɖe) kpaɣnɛ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 1 pɩnaɣ 1876 nɛ pʊwayi ɖɔɖɔ ɛtɛzɩna Ositralii ɛjaɖɛ pɩnaɣ 1901 kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 1 ŋgʊ wiye. Ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 18 lɛ, ɛkpaɣ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ.
Victori a walɩ ɛ-ɖɛtʊ ɛlɛ kɛ wiyaʊ pɩɣa paya-ɩ se Albert Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha tʊ pɩnaɣ 1840. Pe-piyaa nakʊ nzɩ sɩkpaɣ sɩ-halaa kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣa taa peeɖe yeke, mbʊ yebina nɛ Victoria sɛɛ hɩɖɛ se neze sɔsɔ Erɔpʊ taa. Ɛ-walʊ Albert sɩm wayi pɩnaɣ 1861, putukina ɛ-laŋɩyɛ piŋ nɛ ɛsʊʊ kʊñɔŋ taa, pɩcaɣ-ɩ yuŋ nɛ ekizi ɛtasɩɣ lɩɣ ɛyaa ɛsɩnda.
E-kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ alɩwaatʊ ɖaɣla pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ 63 nɛ fenasɩ lʊbɛ kɛkɛ kewiyitu naalɛ ñɩnɖʊ ndʊ tɩtɩŋa Elizabeth 2 ñɩndʊ wayi Royaume-Uni ɛjaɖɛ taa. Payaɣ se Victoria wɛɛ, nɛ e-kewiyitu wɛɛ akɔna lɛɛzɩtʊ sakɩyɛ samaɣ hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ tɔsʊʊ huu nɔmɔʊ taa nɛ keɖeɣa tʊma kpɛlɛkʊʊ taa pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Pritaniiki Ampiiri lɔŋ lɔŋ walʊʊ. Ɛnʊ kɛna Pritaniiki ɛjaɖɛ kpaagba kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ tʊ Hanovre ɖɩɣa taa ŋga kaawɛ Pritaniiki lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ yɔɔ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1714.
Victoria caa kaakɛ wiyaʊ pɩɣa paya-ɩ se Edouard Auguste Kent tʊ nɛ Strathearn, pɩɣa naanaza ŋga wiyaʊ George 3 Rayaume Uni ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1817, Edouard ɖɛtʊ, Charlotte Augusta Galles tʊ ɛkɛ wiyaʊ pɩɣa nɛ George 3 mʊ-ɩ ɛzɩ halʊpɩɣa keyeke koŋ ɛsɛyɩ. Ɛ-sɩm kɔna kɔkɔɖɛ piŋ kewiyaɣ ɖɛzɩɣ nɔmɔŋ taa Royaume-Uni ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Kent nɛ ɛ-ɖalaa aɖama ñɩmba pʊpɔzɩ-wɛ se pakpaɣ halaa nɛ pɛwɛna piyaa. Pɩnaɣ 1818 lɛ, wiyaʊ pɩɣa kpaɣ halʊ kɛ wiyaʊ pɛlɔ Victoria Saxe-Cobourg-Saalfeld tʊ, ɛ-tɛ nɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa ŋgʊ Léopold weyi ɛkɛ lelu mbʊ yɔ ɛ-halʊ kɛlɛ wiyaʊ pɛlɔ Charlotte Augusta.
Palʊlɩ pɩɣa kʊyʊma Victoria, palʊla-ɩ tɛpɩyɛ ñɩɩtʊ 4 nɛ cɛjɛsɩ 15 yɔɔ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 24 pɩnaɣ 1819 Kensington kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣa taa Londre tɛtʊ taa. Victoria wɛɛ nɛ ɛ-saŋ nɛ ɛ-yɩɣyɩɣ Albert alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛlɛ kɔma nabʊlɛ ɖeɖe aloma fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 1839 taa yɔ. Pa-naalɛ pɛwɛɛ pɔsɔɔlʊʊ ɖama nɛ abiɖe pɔzɩ-ɩ walɩtʊ tɔm pɩnaɣ 1839 aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 15, kɩyakɩŋ kagbanzɩ wayi ɛzɩ ɛtalɩɣ Windsor tɛtʊ taa yɔ. Pa-walɩ ɖama lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 10 pɩnaɣ 1840 kewiyaɣ Ɛsɔ kpaŋ taa James Kiɖeɖeu kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣa taa Londre. Victoria kaasɔɔlɩ pɩtɩɩfɛyɩ Albert nɛ ɛsʊʊ ɛ-cɔlɔ ɖoo taa kaɖɛ nɛ kaɖɛ pɛ-tɛ nesi ɖɔkʊʊ wiye, ɛlɛ pʊwayɩ lɛ, ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛsa, ɛñɔkɩ ɛ-takayaɣ taa ɛzɩ pɩkɛ pɩyʊ mbʊ wiɖiyi ɛtana ɛna kaʊ yɔ.
Kɩyɛna fenaɣ taa Victoria nɛ Albert pakʊya powolo se pana pa-pɩyalʊ, Galles wiyaʊ pɩɣa, weyi ɛlakaɣ sɔjɛtʊ tʊmɩyɛ Dublin nɛ ɛcaɣ kɩyakɩŋ pazɩ Killarney. Kamɩŋ fenaɣ taa Albert nɩɩ se ɛ-pɩyalʊ sʊna Irɩlandɩ halʊ nɔyʊ. Pɩcɛyɩ ɛ-caa nɛ ewolo Cambridge ɖenɖe Edward lakaɣ sukuli yɔ se ɛ-pɩɣyɩna-ɩ. Pʊkɔma saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ pazɩtʊ taa lɛ, Albert paɣzɩ kʊdɔŋ kpem. William Jenner la tʊmɩyɛ ɛ-kʊɖoŋ yɔɔ nɛ ɛna se ta heŋ kɩnamɩyɛ kʊdɔŋ wɛna-ɩ nɛ ŋgʊ ɛsɩbɩna saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 14 pɩnaɣ 1861. Ɛ-tɛ sɩm mbʊ pɩcaɣzɩ piŋ Victoria nɛ ɛsʊkɩ sɩm mbʊ pʊ-tɔm kɛ Galle wiyaʊ pɩɣa se ɛnʊ kʊna-ɩ. Halʊ ɛnʊ ɛcaɣ sɩm kʊñʊŋ piliɖi piŋ nɛ halɩ ɛtasɩɣ suu wondu natʊyʊ pɩtasɩna kɩkpɛdɩtʊ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛ-sɩm evemiye.


text:
Rusɩɩ kʊnʊŋ
Rusɩɩ kʊnʊŋ tɛ nɛ Sɩlavɩ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kɩŋ Ɛndɩ-Erɔpʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ cejewiye taa, ɖeeɖe ɖɔɖɔ ukranien nɛ bielorusse pɛtɛ yɔ. Ɛyaa mba panɩʊ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ ɛzɩ palʊla-wɛ kɩ-taa yɔ pɛcɛzaa miliiyɔɔ waa 280.
Kɩ-kɛ Rusɩɩ ajɛyaa kɩgbɛdʊʊ tɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ nɛ kɩ-kɛ ajɛyaa anɛ yɔ Bielorussie nɛ Kazakhstan nɛ Kirghizistan tɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ lɛɛkʊ. Rusɩɩ kɛ ɖɔɖɔ ajɛyɛɛ wena a-wɛ a-tɩ yɔɔ a-tɛ kɩgbɛndʊʊ taa kʊnʊŋ.
Rusɩɩ yɔɔdʊʊ ɖɔɔ siŋ Ukrɛɛnɩ agetaa naayɛ taa kɔzɩ haɖɛ yɔ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa yɔ kiŋ nɛ Kɩyɛvɩ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa. Rusɩɩ kɛ ONU taa kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ.
Rusɩɩ kʊnʊŋ lɩna Sɩlavɩ agbelaa kʊnʊmɩŋ taa nɛ kɩkpaɣ kɩ-tɩ nɛ Sɩlavɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ taa. Pɩlɩna Sɩlavɩ samaɣ kʊnʊŋ yɔ lɛ, Cɔɔcɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ lɩɩ, sɩlavɔnɩ Yeesu ŋgbɛɣɛ yaa kɩlaʊ kɩbɩnʊʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ kʊnʊmŋ sakɩyɛ lɩɩna Sɩlavɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ.
Rusɩɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ pɔyɔɔdɔɔ kpaɣɖʊ kagbanzɩ nɛ kpaɣɖʊ hɩʊ nɛ naanza taa Sɩlavɩ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ agbelaa kʊnʊmɩŋ taa. Cɔɔcɩ taa Sɩlavɔnɩ pɩsa kɩcaɣ nɔnɔ tɛ Rusɩɩ yɔ pɩŋ.


text:
Guillaume le conquérant
Guillaume wabɩyʊ kɛ Anglɩtɛɛrɩ wiyaʊ nɛ paya-ɩ Guillaume Kajalaɣ tʊ, Normandii ɛyaa tɛ wiyaʊ sɔsɔ papa ya-ɩ se Guillaume 2, patasɩ-ɩ yaʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Bâtard Guillaume, palʊla-ɩ Falaise tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1027 yaa 1028 nɛ ɛsɩ Rouen salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 9 pɩnaɣ 1087, ɛɛkɛ wiyaʊ Anglɩtɛɛrɩ kpaɣ 1066 pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛ-sɩm pɩnaɣ kɛ 1087 nɛ Normandii waa tɛ wiyaʊ pɩnaɣ 1035 pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛ-sɩm ɖɔɖɔ.
Robert Magnifique nɛ Falaise Arlette (Herleva) pɩɣa kɛlɛ, Guillaume pɩsa Normandii ɛjaɖɛ tɛ wiyaʊ lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 8, mbʊ lɛ, ɛ-caa kaasɩba. Yoŋ alɩwaatʊ sakɩyɛ wayi kɛ ɛpɩza ɛɖanɩ kpaʊ kewiyaɣ kpaɣ Val-ès-Dunes you wayi kɛ pɩnaɣ 1047 taa. Ɛla halʊ Flandre Mathide kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1050, nɛ ɛpɩsɩ Normandii ɛjaɖɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖoŋ nɖɛ, ɛsɔndʊʊ Fransɩɩ wiyaʊ Henri 1 (pɩnaɣ 1031 ŋtalɩ 1060) nɛ Philippe 1 (pɩnaɣ 1060 ŋtalɩ 1108).
Fada Edouard sɩm wayi lɛ, ɛfana kewiyaɣ lɛɛzɩtʊ you nɛ ɛkpa ɛcaɣ Anglɩtɛɛrɩ kewiyaɣ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛwaba Hastings you yɔ pɩnaɣ 1066. Wabɩtʊ ndʊ tɩpɩsɩ-ɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊ tʊ weyi paakuluu nɛ-ɩ nɔɔ Eerɔpʊ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ nɛ pɩkɔna lɛɛzɩtʊ sakɩyɛ Aŋglɩtɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, ɛlɛ pɩtɩŋɛ payi mbʊ yɔ pʊmʊʊ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Normandie sɔsaa tiba pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Pʊwayi lɛ, ɛpaɣzɩ labʊ yoŋ nɛ e-koyondina sakɩyɛ, paa Aŋglɩtɛɛrɩ taa peeɖe maɣmaɣ yaa (kʊyɩnɩyaa mba paawɛ Edgar Atheling wayi yɔ, Danois ɛyaa nɛ Ecɔsɩ ɛyaa) yaa ɛjaɖɛ mba (Foulque Réchin kɩpaɣlʊ, Flandre kɩpaɣlʊ Robert 1, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Fransɩɩ Philippe 1). Ɛyʊ ɛnɛyɔ ɛsɩ Rouen tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1087 alɩwaatʊ taa ndʊ ɛɖʊ Mante kabʊɣa taa, ewoba you nɛ Philippe 1kɛ Vexin tɛtʊ taa. Pepimi-ɩ Abbaye ɛzɩ Caen ɛyaa yɔ.
Robert Magnifique pɩsa Normand tɛ wiyaʊ pɩnaɣ 1027 kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʊ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛ-ɖalʊ sɔsɔ Richard 3 tʊ sɩba yɔ, mbʊ lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 20 yeke. Ɛnɛ ɛnʊyɔ ɛlɛzɩ pa-caa Richard 2 tʊ lone taa, ɛlɛ sɩba puwoba ɛzɩ pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ mbʊ yɔ. Richard 3 tʊ tɛ tuda sɩm waza Robert, weyi pahuna-ɩ tɔm pɩtɩŋna takayasɩ maya yɔɔ se ɛnʊ ɖʊna kɔyɛ ɛ-ɖalʊ. Richard yele evebupɩɣa nakayɛ kalɩmpaɣnɩ ñɩŋa, Nicola koposɩna kewiyaɣ ɖɩɣa.