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Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ, Pɛrɩsanɩ taa lɛ, فارسی yaa پارسی kɛ Iraŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa kʊnʊŋ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ peeɖe (Pɛrɩsɩ) nɛ Afganistani (Afghanistan) nɛ Tajiikisitaŋ ajɛyɛ taa ɖende kɩ-kɛ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ yɔ, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Bahrein nɛ Azerbaijaŋ nɛ Iraŋ (Pɛrɩsɩ mba cɩkpema) nɛ Ruusii nɛ Uuzɩbékɩsɩtaŋ (Tajiiki mba cɩkpema). Kɩlɩna Indɩ-Iraŋ agbela taa nɛ kɩ-tɛ lɛ Indɩ Eerɔpʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ cejewiye taa.
Kʊnʊŋ kɩ-tɛ yɔɔdɔɣ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ laɖʊ nɛ lakaɣ tɛzɩyʊɣ nɛ lakaɣ. Ɖeeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ, pamaɣ Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Arabɩ nɛ Pɛrɩsanɩ tɛ masɩ, Arabɩ masɩ lɛɛzɩŋ ŋgʊ sɩ nɛ zɩ payaɣ ɖama nabʊyʊ nɛ sɩ-wɛna tʊkaɣ nɛ ɖama kpaɣ tɔm cɔlʊʊ nɛ nɔɔ salasɩ tʊmɩyɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Kpaɣ Tajiikisitaŋ nɛ Ruusii nɛ Azerbaijaŋ nɛ pɩtalɩ Uzbɛkɩsɩtaŋ ɖenɖe papɩsɩ-kʊ Sɩlavɩ mba kʊnʊŋ, pamaɣ Tajiikɛ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Sɩlavɩ mba tɛ masɩ.
Payaɣ-kʊ se fārsi (فارسی) Iraŋ nɛ Afɩgaanɩsɩtaŋ ajɛyɛ taa mbʊ kɛnɛ Arabɩ wɛtʊ taa yatʊ Parɩsɩ taa. Arabɩ masɩ taa fɛyɩ abalɩ mayaɣ P, Parɩsɩ yatʊ kɛ egeetiye taa yatʊ kɩbɩndʊ ɛlɛ, kɩnɩyaa nabɛya ɖɩna-kʊ labɩnaʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ɛzɩ Hazara nɛ Tajiiki (kɩ-kɛ Azii Hɛkʊ taa yɔɔdɔɣ nakɛyɛ) yaa Dari (Afgaanɩsɩtaŋ egeetiye taa yatʊ). Ɛyaa mba pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ payaɣ se Pɛrɩsanofonɩ waa.
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊn kɛ kʊnʊŋ nakʊyʊ Indɩ-Iraŋ liɖe taa Indɩ Eerɔpʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ cejewiye taa. Kʊnʊmɩŋ kpɛlɛkɩyaa ɖanɩ maʊ piliŋga ŋga kɛ-tɛ huuu nɛ ɛsɩnda ɖɛnɛʊ yɔ. Pɛrɩsanɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ (avestique nɛ achéménide pɛrɩsɩ) hɛkʊ pɛrɩsanɩ (pehlevi, parthe nɛ sassanide pɛrɩsɩ), nɔnɔ pɛrɩsanɩ (dari…).
Pɛrɩsanɩ kʊnʊŋ sɔɔzʊʊ masɩ naanza Arabɩ masɩ yɔ. Masɩ nzɩ sɩ-tɛ lɩna mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ se nɔɔsɩ naanza nasɩyɛ lɩʊ Pɛrɩsanɩ yɔɔdɔɣ taa ɛlɛ, sɩ-fɛyɩ Arabɩ taa, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-nɩɩlɛ ɛlɩnɛ cejewaa ndɩ ndɩ taa. Payaɣ masɩ nzɩ se Pɛrso-Arabɩ masɩ.


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Sumaɣ
Sumaɣ kɛ Ɛsɔ wonuu kɩlɩzʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Kɛwɛnɩ keŋ yaa keliŋ nɛ kakʊyʊʊ ɛsɔdaa. Ɛgbamɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ se sumaɣ; sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaa se sumasɩ. Sumasɩ wɛnɩ mbʊ payaɣna Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se vertèbres yɔ. Siɣyebɔʋ taa mɔɔ payaɣ mbʋ. Sumasɩ wɛ tetrapoodiwaa pɩlɩʊ taa, pɩ-tɔbʋʋ se pɛwɛna pilinza naanza naanza. Pilinzi sɩnzɩ, sɩkpalaɣ ɖama'a naalɛ naalɛ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ kpem. Sɩ-pɩlɩŋ talɩ ɛzɩ kudokuŋ hiu (10 000) mbʊ yɔ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna pa-hʊndʊ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Sɩwɛ ndɩ ndɩ ɖɔɖɔ pɩlɩɩna pe-keliŋ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Sɩtɛ sɩwɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna sɩ-wɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ cɔlɔ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna ɖɔɖɔ sɩ-ɖɩcaɣyɛ nɛ sɩ-tɔɔnasɩ pɔ-cɔlɔ. Ɛlɛ, paa mbʊʊ yɔ, nabʊyʊ yebina nɛ payaa sɩ-tɩŋa payɩ se sumasɩ. Mbʊ piyeba nɛ payaa sɩ-tɩŋa payɩ se sumasɩ yɔ, mbʊʊ lɛ se sɩwɛna sɩ-tɩŋa keliŋ nɛ si-keliŋ ɩnʊ ɛhaɣna-sɩ waɖɛ se sɩpɩzɩ sɩkʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa. Ɛsɔ wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, sumaɣ ɖeke pɩzɩɣna nɛ kakʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa.
Sumaɣ wɛna njʊyɛ, kɛwɛna keliŋ naalɛ, kɛwɛɛna nangbanzɩ naalɛ nɛ suwa. Sumaɣ ɖʊʊ hala, kapabɩ a-yɔɔ nɛ pʊcɔ alɛ tesi, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pʊcɔ sumaɣ pɩɣa lɩɩna yaɖɛ taa. Sumasɩ ɛɛsʊʊ ɖɩsɩ, ñɩtʊ taa nɛ tɩŋ yɔɔ nɛ lakɩŋ cikpeŋ nɛ sɔsɔŋ taa sɩsʊʊ. Paa mbʊ yɔ, sɔnɔ, ɛyʊ pɩsɩ sumasɩ cikpesi nasɩyɛ ɖɩɣa sumasɩ. Toovenum lɛ, sumasɩ nasɩyɛ sʊʊ sɩ-tɩ yɔɔ ɖɩsɩ sɔsɔsɩ nasɩyɛ taa. Sɩ-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ sumasɩ nzɩ payaɣ se keŋkenaa yɔ. Ñɩnɩyaa mba pañɩnʊʊ sumasɩ wɛtʊ nɛ ɛzɩma mbʊ sɩwɛɛ yɔ payaɣ se ɔrinitolɔɔkɩ waa.

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Kaapɩ
Kaapɩ kɛŋna Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ natʊyʊ sɔnɔ taa yɔ tɛtʊ ndʊ lɛ Kaapɩ ŋgʊ kɩwɛna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa yɔ kɩ-tɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1910 kɛ Kaapɩ tɛtʊ kɛna Afrika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa kpelaɣ wɛɛ yɔ; Pireetoriya ñɛkɛŋna tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa komina tʊma sɔsɔna wɛɛ yɔ nɛ Pulowemfɔntɛnɩ kɛlɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tʊtʊ taa wɛ tɔm hʊyaa kpelaɣ yɔ.
Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ tɩŋga taa lɛ Kaapɩ tɛtʊ kɛŋna kɩpɩndʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɖooo piŋaɣ 1652 kɛ tikɛ sʊzɔtʊ. Afrika taa payɩ lɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ ndʊ kɩlɩna wɛʊ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ. Aliwaatʊ ndʊ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛyaa kʊlʊmaa nɩ pɩ-taa se paanɩ ɛkɛ ɛyʊ lɛ (mbʊ payaɣ se Apartheid yɔ) pʊwayɩ lɛ, tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa mba po-tomnasi sidaa yɔ pɛwɛ nɩɩnɩwa (50) kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ nɛ eyaa kʊlʊma kɛ 27 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ, piyele ɛyaa kɩkpɛɛdaa ñɛwɛɛ 23 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa maɣna ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 40 028 ha yaa kilomɛtanaa 400,28. Pɩnaɣ 2001 pakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ lɛ, ɛyaa 827 218 kɛ panaa piyele pɩnaɣ 2007 taa lɛ, ɛyaa kpɛnda 3 497 000.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Englɩsɩɩ pʊwayɩ lɛ afrikansi ɛlɛ pɩkɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ hɛkʊ taa kɔyɔ, kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔɔ kʊkʊ lɛ afrikansi pʊwayɩ lɛ aŋgilisi nɛ pɩɖiɣna ikisihoza (xhosa). Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Kaapɩ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa naayɛ taa ñɩndʊ paɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma nɛ anaa yɔ: Niisi (Fransɩɩ), Piini (Ɛɛndɩ) nɛ Adana (Turki).
Payaɣ kaapɩ tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Patricia de Lille (DA).


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Teŋgu
Teŋgu kɛ lɩm wandamm kadaɣ sɔsɔɔ nakɛyɛ. Ɛyʋ ɛsɩŋa teŋgu lɩm wandamm kadaɣ kidiiliŋ nɔɔ nakʋyʋ yɔɔ kɔyɔ, ɛɛpɩzɩɣ elosi ki-kidiiliŋ lɛɛkʋ nɔɔ. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ lɩm wandamm kadasɩ sɔsɔsɩ naadozo wɛna.
Lɩm wandamm kadasɩ nzɩ, sɩ-hɩla yɔ : Lɩŋgamʋʋ (océan) nɛ teŋgu (mer) nɛ kujomuu (lac). Sɩ-naadozo sɩ-taa payɩ lɛ, lɩŋgamʋʋ tɛ lɩm wandamm kadaɣ kɩlɩna walʋʋ. Ka-wayɩ lɛ, teŋgu tɛ lɩm wandamm kadaɣ tɩŋɩna. Nɛ kaka wayɩ lɛ, kujomuu tɛ lɩm wandamm kadaɣ ñatɩŋ.
Teŋgu lɩm wandamm kadaɣ tɔm ɖɩkɛdɩɣ cɩnɛ. Teŋgunaa taa lɩm nabɩyʋ wɛ salala nɛ lalaa taa lɩm ñɛwɛɛ leleŋ. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ teŋgunaa tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ Arabii teŋgu lɩm kadaɣ kɩlɩna walanzɩ nɛ cukaŋ pa-nʋmɔʋ taa. Teŋgunaa taa lɩm cukaŋ fɛyɩ kɩmaŋ kɩ-hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa taa. Hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɛ limaa pɩkɩlɩ hɔɔlɩŋ lɛɛŋ.
Arabii teŋgu taa lɩm walanzɩ kɛ miiliyɔɔ waa 3,8 km2. Kɩ-hɔɔlʋʋ nakʋyʋ taa lɩm cukaŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 5.800. Arabii teŋgu payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se Oman teŋgu.
Teŋgu kʋnɛ kɩ-wayɩ lɛ, Siini teŋgu tɩŋɩna walanzɩ nɛ cukaŋ pa-nʋmɔʋ taa. Payaɣ Siini teŋgu ɖɔɖɔ se Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ teŋgu. Kɩ-walanzɩ kɛ miiliyɔɔ waa 3,5 km2. Ku-cukaŋ ñɛkɛ mɛtɛnaa 1645 kɩ-hɔɔlʋʋ nakʋyʋ. Kɩ-hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ liŋguu yɔ, ku-cukaŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 5015.
Siini teŋgu wayɩ lɛ, ‘’Sargasses’’ waa teŋgu tɩŋɩna walanzɩ nɛ cukaŋ pa-nʋmɔʋ taa. Kɩ-walanzɩ kɛ miiliyɔɔ waa 3,5 km2. Teŋgu kʋnɛ kɩ-wayɩ lɛ, Meditɛɛranee teŋgu tɩŋɩɣna. Kɩ-walanzɩ kɛ 2 969 000 km2. Ku-cukaŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 1 377. Ɛlɛ, kɩ-hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ liŋguu yɔ, ku-cukaŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 4 399. Meditɛɛranee teŋgu taa lɩm lɛɣzɩɣ paa pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ nzɩɩ lɛ sɩ-wayɩ.
Meditɛɛranee teŋgu wayɩ lɛ, Wedɛɛlɩ (Weddell) teŋgu tɩŋɩna. Kʋkʋ walanzɩ kɛ 2 800 000 km2.


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Ekuwatɛrɩ
Ekuwatɛrɩ kɛna Amerika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ajɛya wena ana-ɖɩ asɩ ɖama nɛ kamaɣ yɔ ana yɔ: hadɛ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Peeruu ɛjaɖɛ, hayʊ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Kolombi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Oseyŋ Pasifiki wɛna.
Ekuwatɛrɩ walanzɩ taa maɣna kilomɛtanaa akpagba 283 520 km2. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩtɛyɩ hɔɔlɩŋ niitozo: kacalaɣ ŋgʊ lɛ Pasifiki kitiiliŋ, peeɖe kiŋ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ Guayquil wɛɛ; naalɛ ŋgʊ lɛ Andini hɔɔlɩɣ, peeɖe tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se kiitoo yɔ tɩwɛɛ, Amazonii ŋgʊ kɩwɛna Ekuwatɛrɩ hɔɔlɩɣ yɔ kʊkʊ ñɛwɛna wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa.
Hɔɔlɩŋ kacalaɣ ñɩŋ nɩɩlɛ ɛnɛ ɛ-taa kɛ tɔsʊʊ tʊma kɩlɩ wɛʊ pɩkazɩ amazoni taa ɛyaa takɩlɩ ɖɔʊ ɛlɛ lɩm kɩlɩna nɛ tʊma ndɩ ndɩ wɛɛ. Hɔɔlɩŋ niitozo ɛnɛ ɛwayɩ lɛ pɔsɔzɩɣ nakʊyʊ, kʊkʊ lɛ Lɩm hɛɛkɩŋ taa tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se Galapogos yɔ.
Ɖooo ɛzɩ Ekuatɛrɩ wɛʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ kɛ 1822 yɔ nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩtɛyɩ hɔɔlɩŋ yaa ageeta 24.
Ɛsɩpañɔlɩ kɛŋna kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pawɩlɩɣ sukulinaa taa nɛ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ komina tʊma taa yɔ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩwayɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ wɛɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ wɛɛ. Kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-taa kɔyɔ: kisiwa nɛ sʊwarɩ. Ekuwatɛrɩ pɛdɩɣ ayaba, roozinaa nɛ kpasɩ nzɩ payaɣ se krevɛtɩ yɔ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna.
Rafael Correa kɛŋna Ekuwatɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ kɩfalʊ.


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Pɛliziki
Pɛliziki kɛna Erɔpɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖiyɛ nɛ ajɛya wena acɔ-ɖɩ nɛ ata yɔ ana yɔ: Fransɩ, Peeyii-Baa, Caama, Lugizamburi nɛ Hayʊ kiŋ teŋgu. Politiki hɔɔlɩɣ taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛna tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ajɛya cikpena nayɛ kpɛndaa nɛ aɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ awɛɛ kpɛm yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Erɔpɩ ajɛya looɖo wena acalɩ ɖama nɩnaʊ se aɖʊ Erɔpɩ ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ yɔ. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Pɛlɩzɩkɩ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa, Burukisɛɛlɩ, kɛ ketiizasi sɔsɔsɩ ɛzɩ Erɔpɩ paɣtʊ lɩzɩya ketiizaɣ, Erɔpɩ lɔntasɩya ketiizaɣ nɛ Erɔpɩ taa tɔm heyiyaa akpeɣla palakɩ-sɩ. Peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ palakɩ OTAN ketiizasɩ sɔsɔsɩ tɩɩtɩŋɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛ walanzɩ kilomɛta akpaba naalɛ taa wɛ ɛzɩ 30 528 yɔ nɛ ɖi-taa ɛyaa ɖɛ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaahiu nɛ kʊɖʊm yɔ.
Pɛlɩzɩkɩ ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Erɔpɩ hɔɔlɩɣ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ caama tɔm yɔ nɛ ŋgʊ kʊkʊ ñɛwɛ Romani yɔ ɛ-hɛkʊ taa; pʊyɔɔ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa kʊnʊmɩŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩlɛ wɛɛ kpayɩ: mba pɔyɔɔdɩɣ neyeeɖɛrilanɖi yɔ nɛ fransɩ mba. Kacalaɣ taa mbaw wɛ ɛzɩ 57 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ yɔ nɛ fransɩ mba ñɛwɛ ɛzɩ 43 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa mba pɔyɔɔdɩɣ caama yɔ pɔdɔɖɔɔ ɛlɛ komina sima mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ.
Ɖooo caanaʊ taa lɛ, Pɛlɩzɩkɩ, Peeyii-Baa tɛ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ nɛ Lugizamburi ajɛya anɛ aawɛ kpɛ̂ nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se Peeyii-Ba nɛ pɩɩkɩlɩ ɛzɩ Penelukisi yɔ zalanzɩ.
Pɛlizk nɛ Erɔpɩ ajɛyɛ naayɛ kpeelina nɛ alɩzɩ Erɔpɩ ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɛ Benelux kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ kagbanzɩ pɩnaɣ 1944, pɩtasɩna Erɔpɩ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩcɔŋna charbon nɛ acier yɔ kɛ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ litoozo pɩnaɣ 1951 nɛ Roma ɖama nɩnaʊ takayaɣ kɛ lakɩŋ fena 25 pɩnaɣ 1957.
Pɛlɩzɩkɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ awiya ɖiyuna nɛ ɖi-wiyau kɩfalʊ payaɣ se Pɛlɩzɩkɩ Philippe; ɛkɛna wiyau lʊbɛ ñɩnʊ ɖooo hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kʊɖʊm pɩnaɣ 2013. Pɛlɩzɩkɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba ɖɔɔ ɛlɛ katoliki ŋgbɛyɛ kɩlɩna tɔyɩɣ, pʊwayɩ lɛ, malɩŋ, ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kaɖɩnaʊ ŋgbɛyɛ Yuɖa mba ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ, krɩstʊ mba ŋgbɛyɛ, Puudaa ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ñɩnɖɛ nɛ Yehova aseɣɖe ñɩindɛ.


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Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm
Tɛtʋ yɔɔ cɩnɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɩlɩna paɣlʋʋ nɛ walʋʋ. Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm samaɣ ñʋʋ kɛ miiliyaarɩ waa 4,3. Tɩ-walanzɩ kɛ km2 waa 43 810 582. Yee pɛtɛyɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɛtʋ nɛ pɩkpɛndɩna lɩm hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa payɩ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ, Aazii tɛtʋ kɛ hɔɔlʋʋ 29,4. Yee pɛtɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ tɛtʋ ɖeke nɛ pɩtɛkpɛndɩna lɩm hɔɔlɩŋ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɛ hɔɔlɩŋ 8,6.
Ɛyaa ɖɔʋ nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɩlɩna ɖɔɖɔ. Kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛyaa mɩnʋʋ yɔɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa ɛyaa kɛ nɩɩnʋwa nɛ ɛyaa hiu. Kedeŋa kpeekpe pʋŋ sɔsɔŋ tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa panaɣ pʋʋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ kʋyʋʋ pʋŋ lɛɛŋ nɛ kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ yɔ. Aazii tɛtʋ taa pʋʋ ŋgʋʋ payaɣ se Everɛɛsɩ (Everest) pʋʋ. Pʋʋ ŋ́gʋ, kɩ-kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 8 848.
Kuduyiŋ sɔsɔŋ weyi ɛkɩlɩ kʋyʋʋ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ɛ-taa payɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa pana kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩkɩlɩ kʋyʋ yɔ. Payaɣ kuduyuu kʋkʋyʋʋ ŋ́gʋ se Burj Khalifa. Kɩwɛ Dubaï tɛtʋ taa. Kɩ-kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ kɛ mɛtɛnaa 828.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩlɩna lɩm tɛɛ nɛ tɩkpa huuye lɩm kideŋ wayɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa payɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa pana ndʋ tɩkɩlɩ posinaʋ lɩm kideŋ yɔ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩwɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ hayi kiŋ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Tiposina lɩŋamʋʋ ɛzɩ kilomɛtɛnaa 2648 mbʋ yɔ.


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Kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ
Kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ kɛna mbʋ paya size minziiki wonuu kɩhʋlʋʋ yɔ. Nɛ kɩ-wɛna ɖɩhʋlɩyɛ, pʋtɔbʋʋ size pahʋya pɔʋ nɛ paya peɖe size nɔɔ taa nɛ peɖe pahʋlʋʋna. Minziiki wonuu kɩhʋlʋʋ kʋnɛ, kɩ-hɔʋʋ kɛ paya size kwiviri. Kwiviri kʋnɛ kʋwɛ kelekele pɩŋŋ.
Tom piye ɖɩnɛ, ɖɩ-tɔbʋʋ kɛlɛ tobiye yem size kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛna ɖɩduye yɔ. Ɖɩwaza kɛlɛ se palakɩna-kʋ se potugu telɛskɔpiki ɖeɖe. Ɛlɛ, kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛna kɩkaɖʋ yɔ kɩwɛ ɖɔɖɔ.Kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ kudutuu n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛ nakʋyʋ ŋgʋ kʋwɛ kɛdɛɖa siŋŋ yɔ kɛ minziiki wondu kɩhʋlʋtʋ taa.
Mbʋ pʋyɔ yɔ, kɩhʋlʋ sɩm camɩyɛ ɛ-ɛpɔzʋʋ ɛyʋ kʋɖʋm nee labɩnaʋ ɖeke. Pa kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ wonuu minziiki n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnɛ kɩkɛ abalʋ tɛ kpaagba nɔɔ kʋyʋ tɛ, ɛzɩ ɖɩtɔŋgʋ size pʋwɛ muduleee yɔ yaa tiluu hɛɛɛ kɔyɔ, ɛ-suye tilitu yaa wilitu wɛ ɖoŋ pɩkɩlɩ ɛgandɩyɛ. Ɛ-wɛ lʋʋ, ɛ-ɖala nɛ ɛ-tɛ e-koti ɛzɩ maya S yɔ.
Nɛ mbʋ pɩkɩlɩ kpem yɔ mbʋ lɛ size, ɛwɛ ɛzɩ tilimiye yɔ nɛ alɩwaatʋ ndu pahʋlɩɩ yɔ lɛ, ɛ-lɩɣ camɩyɛ pɩŋŋ. Pɩtɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛnɩɣ taa yaa ewelesu taa wɛ leleŋ siŋŋ. Nɛ mbʋ lakɩna nɛ ɛwɛʋ ndɩ nɛ euphoniums yaa saxhorns waa nɛ soo n̄ɩɣyɩŋ lɛɛŋ mba pe-wiluu yaa pe-tiluu ndu tɩkɩlɩ wɛʋ feutré yɔ.
Kɩgbɩtɩnaʋ kɩhʋlʋʋ kʋnɛ, pahʋlʋʋ-kʋ soo kɩmaba ndɩ ndɩ taa. Naayɛ kɔyɔ: minziiki kɩ-cɔlʋʋ taa kɛ jazz ɖɩmabɩyɛ, nɛ pɩkɔ pɩtɩŋɩna salsa, nɛ ska, nɛ funk yaa minziiki sɔɔjana n̄ɩŋgʋ, nɛ pahʋlʋʋ-kʋ ɖɔɖɔ kɛ mʋsɩ tɩna ɖɩjaɣyɛ sɛmfoniki ɖeɖe, nɛ mʋsɩ tɩna ɖɩjaɣyɛ arimani ɖeɖe. Pɩtasɩna ɖɔɖɔ aŋganda soo ɖeɖe, nɛ big bands, nɛ brass bands taa ɖɔɖɔ.


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Pɩnzɩ kutoku
Pɩnzɩ kutoku kɛŋna pɩnzɩ mɩŋɩŋ hiu. Fenasɩ takayaɣ taa lɛ, pɩnaɣ kpɛɖɛ ŋga fɛyɩ. Fenasɩ takayaɣ ŋga ɖɩɖɩɩna-kɛ naʊ nɛ ɖɩtɩŋɩɣ kapaɣtʊ yɔɔ yɔ, Anno Domini lɩzɩna-kɛ nɛ kacalaɣ pɩnaɣ kutoku paɣzɩna kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɔɔnɔɔ wiye pɩna kɔɔnɔɔ ŋga; pɩnzɩ kutoku naalɛ ñɩŋga ñapaɣzɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɔɔnɔɔ wiye pɩnaɣ 1001 nɛ pɩnzɩ kutoku naadozo ñɩŋga ñapaɣzɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɔɔnɔɔ wiye pɩnaɣ 2001.
Pakalʊʊ pɩnzɩ kutoku yɔ pɩtakɩlɩ kaɖɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pakalʊʊ akɔnta ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ kutokiŋ hiu lɛ pʊsɔzɩ kʊɖʊm. Mbʊ labɩna yee pɩkɛ pɩnaɣ ɛzɩ 1999 yɔ palakɩ 190 pɔsɔzɩ 1 lɛ pɩlaba 20, pʊtɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ wɛɛ pɩnzɩ kutokiŋ naatozo ŋga taa.


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Egipiti
Egipiti kɛna Afrika nɛ wɩsi ɖɩlɩye hayʊ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ kɩwɛɛ Mediiteranee nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ. Egipiti wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ Asii keteŋa taa ɖɔɖɔ ɛlɛ ɖenɖe payaɣ se Leevantɛɛ yɔ nɛ pɩtɩŋgʊna Siinayi pɔɔ.
Naajeeriya nɛ Etiyoopii pa-wayɩ lɛ Egipiti taa kɛ eyaa kɩlɩna ɖɔʊ nɛ pɛwɛ pɩnaɣ 2015 kɛ miliyɔɔnaa 89. Peeɖe ɛyaa hukuu lɛɛɛ lɛɛɛ nɛ pɩnzɩ 60 taa lɛ samaɣ huu ɛzɩ tam naanaza mbʊ yɔ. Egipiti tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɔyɔ Kɛɛrɩ nɛ Araabɩ kɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ peeɖe ɛlɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Egipiti.
Pɔyɔɔdʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ Siiwii yaa Bɛɛrɩbɛɛrɩ kɛ Siiwa hɔɔlʋʋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa. Egipiti krɩstʊ mba tɛɛlɛɣzɩ pa-kʊnʊŋ nɛ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ paɖɩɣna yɔɔdɩɣ Kɔpɩtɩ pɛ-Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ taa. Egipiti nɛ kɩ-hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Nuubiyɛŋ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ ɖɩnɛ pɩkɩlɩna samaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Asʊwaŋ yɔ.
Pe-liidiya yɔ Egipiti liivri. Kaŋgalafʊʊ nimaɣ paɣzɩɩna +20.
Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1981, Mohammed Hosni Moubarak kaawɛna kpelaɣ yɔɔ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩna se lɛlaɣ fenaɣ 11 wiey pɩnaɣ 2011 samaɣ kpeekpe kʊyɩ ɛyɔɔ nɛ pɩla ɛkʊyɩ kpelaɣ yɔɔ. Peeɖe komina taa ɛyaa kpɛndɩ 264 nɛ naatozo yɔɔ lɛ, samaɣ lɩzɩɣ naalɛ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ ñayaa kʊɖʊm. Egipiti ñʊʊtʊ kɩfalʊ kɔyɔ Maresaalɩ Abdel Fattah al-Sissi nɛ ɛkpaɣ kpelaɣ kɛ mɩsɩ kʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ liitoozo wiye.


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Pɩjɛɖɛ kʊdɔŋ (Cancer - maladie)
Pɩjɛɖɛɣ kʊdɔŋ (egbeemiye katʊʊzɩtʊ) pɩkɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ pasɩma-kʊ nɛ kuludasɩɣ huyiŋ tɔyʊʊ tɔyʊʊ (egbeemiye) mbʊ pɩɖɔɔ sakɩyɛ nɛ pɩfɛyɩ camɩyɛ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa yɔ. Mbʊ lɛ pɩtɛ weyi ɛ-taa pɩwɛ mbʊ yɔ ɛyʊ ɛɛwɛʊ alaafɩya camɩyɛ. Pɩtɛ kuludasi nzɩ sɩlɩna lone kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ taa nɛ nzɩ tɩna pɩjɛɖɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ, nɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩkpaɣ wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ kɩtɛyɩɣ kɩ-tɩ sakɩyɛ mbʊ ɛyʊ ɛɛnɩɣ pʊtɔɔbʊʊ yɔ.
Seɣtʊʊ wonduu nɛ pɩyɔɔ ɖɛzɩɣ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pɩyʊ wɛ pɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ pɩwɛ. Tɩlɩyɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ wɩlɩɣ se mɩnʊʊ yɔɔ lɛ 5 ntalɩ 10 pɩlɩna kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kʊyɔɔ lɛ, lɩna ɖɛzɩɣ kpɛlɛkʊʊ cɔlɔ nɛ kpaɣ 25 nɛ 30 % lɩna taba kʊyɔɔ cɔlɔ nɛ ,30 nɛ 35 % lɩna tɔɔnasɩ cɔlɔ (kɔzɩ kɔzɩ sʊlʊm ɖoŋ mbʊ) nɛ 15 nɛ 20 % lɩna ɖɛzɩtʊ cɔlɔ nɛ 10 nɛ 25 % ɛjaɖɛ wɛtʊ cɔlɔ (wɩsɩ wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ helim taa kʊdɔmɩŋ).
Pɩtɛ kɩkalʊʊ ngʊ nabʊyʊ taa kɩcɛtʊ tɔbʊʊ se ɛzɩ kʊdɔmɩŋ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ mbʊ yɔ pɩjɛɖɛ kʊdɔŋ kɛ ɛyʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ pɛ-hɛkʊʊ taa pɩyʊ, ŋgʊ ɖeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ tɛ ñɩnɩtʊ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ se tɩna nɛ tɩwɩlɩ keele mbʊ ɖɛzʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ cɔlɔ tɩlasɩ nzɩ sɩlɩna ɛjaɖɛ cɔlɔ yaa ɛyʊ wɛtʊ cɔlɔ.
Kpaɣ nɛ wayi wayi kpaɣɖʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-taa, pɩjɛɖɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ ɖɔ sakɩyɛ. Pɩdɛ ɖɔʊ mbʊ pɩlɩna wɛtʊ natʊyʊ naa ndʊ papɩza nɛ patɩlɩ yɔ pɩcɔlɔ (taba ñɔʊ nɛ sʊlʊm ɖoŋ mbʊ ñɔʊ nɛ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ wonduu tʊma sɔsɔnaa ɖɩlaɖɛ kuduyuŋ weyi pasɩma-ɩ se ɛlɩzɩɣ pɩjɛɖɛ kʊdɔŋ ñɔsɩ yɔ nɛ paɣlaka kadadayaɣ nɛ lone kʊyʊɖɩyɛ taa caɣʊ nɛ wɩsɩ yɔɔ caɣʊ) wɛtʊ lɛɛtʊ taa lɛ, pɩwɛ kaɖɛ se patɩlɩ wɛtʊ naa lala mba pɔyɔɔ pɩtɩŋgɩna nɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩɖɔʊ yɔ.
Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, cancer (crabe, chancre, cancer) kɩñɔtɩna Kɩrɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ kapkιvoς, karkinos. Pɩwɛ ɛzɩ hɩɖɛ ndɩ Hippocrate hana-ɖɩ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ pɩjɛɖɛ wɛna hosi pɩwalɩ nɛ paa hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pɩcɛɖɛ wɛnaʊ naŋgbanzɩ yɔ. Kiɖe kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ ndɩ (Paul d’Egine) sɔzʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛ-hɩɖɛ lɩna nabɛyɛ cɔlɔ mbʊ alɩwaatʊ ɛɖɛna tomnaɣ piliŋga nakayɛ lɛ, eyeki kaʊ, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pɩcɛɖɛ yɔ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛtamsɩɣ ɛ-tɩ nɛ nabʊyʊ yɔ.


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Olimpiiki aleɣya
Payaɣ Olimpiiki aleɣya ɖɔɖɔ se « Olympiades». Akɛ aleɣya sɔsɔna wena a-taa ajɛya tɩŋa ɖʊʊ nesi yɔ. Ajɛya tɩŋa tiyina pa-aleɣya laɖaa. Hayɩsʊʊ ndɩ ndɩ wɛ aleɣya ana a-taa. Aleɣya wena palakɩ lʊŋʊyɛ taa nɛ wena palakɩ yolim taa yɔ, pɛkpɛndɩɣ a-tɩŋa. Palakɩ aleɣya sɔsɔna ana pɩnzɩ naanza wayɩ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pɩnzɩ naanza ɖɛʊ lɛ, palakɩ-yɛ, pɩnzɩ naanza ɖɛɛ lɛ pala-yɛ. Palakɩ lʊŋʊyɛ aleɣya nɛ yolim ñɩna nɛ pɛlɛdɩɣ. Krɛɛsɩ caanaʊ ɛjaɖɛ taa palakɩ aleɣya sɔsɔna ana. Palakɩ-yɛ Ɛsɔ sɛʊ pɩlɩʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Olimpii yɔ kɩ-taa. Pacalɩ-yɛ labʊ kpaɖʊʊ lutozo ñɩŋgʊ taa nɛ pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu Krɩstʊ. Ɖajaa Pierre Coubertin ɖaɣnɩna aleɣya ana a-tʊma ñɔɔzʊʊ pɩnaɣ 1894 taa. Ɛnʊ lɩzɩna kedeŋa kpeekpe aleɣya ŋgbɛyɛ; nɖɩ payaɣ se Comité International Olympique (CIO). Pɩnaɣ 1896 taa pacalɩ aleɣya sɔsɔna ana labʊ. Kpaɣna mbʊ yɔ, kedeŋa kpeekpe aleɣya ŋgbɛyɛ cɔŋnana olimpiiki aleɣya yɔɔ. Mbʊ payaɣ se charte olympique yɔ, mbʊ lɩzɩɣna olimpiiki aleɣya paɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ.
Kpaɣna kpaɖʊʊ nɛɛlɩ ñɩŋgʊ taa lɛ, mbʊ mbʊ pɩlakɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ yɔ pʊ-yɔɔ patɩŋɩɣna nɛ palakɩ olimpiiki aleɣya sɔsɔna ana. Pʊ-yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ evebiya olimpiiki aleɣya nɛ aleɣya ndɩ ndɩ lɛɛna ñalɩɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Olimpiiki aleɣya ndɩ ndɩ ana a-yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa ɖɔɖɔ nɛ kedeŋa tɔsʊʊ nɛ politiiki nʊmɔʊ nɛ ñɩɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ lubu lɛɣtʊ lɛɣzɩ nɛ pɩɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ kpaɖʊʊ nɛɛlɛ ñɩŋgʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-taa. Ɖajaa Pierre Coubertin weyi eyeba nɛ olimpiiki aleɣya ñɔ yɔ, ɛlɛ lɩmaɣzɛ kɛkɛ se pɩkɛ aleɣya yem. Ɛlɛ, sɔnɔ yɔ olimpiiki aleɣya tɛkɛ aleɣya yem, akɛ tɔsʊʊ nɛ kedeŋa ɛsɩndaa wobu nʊmɔʊ siŋŋ.


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Alexandre Sɔsɔ
Alexandre Sʋsɔ ɛnʋ, se Alexandre naadozo n̄ɩnʋ. Ɛkɛ Maaseedʋwanɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Palʋla-ɩ pɩla pɩnzɩ 356 nɛ pʋcɔ Yeesu Krɩstʋ kɔɔ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ. Hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kʋɖʋmʋʋ wiye palʋla-ɩ Pella tɛtʋ taa. Ɛsɩba nɛ pɩla pɩnzɩ 323 nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ kʋɖʋmʋʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye ɛsɩba Babilooni tɛtʋ taa. Alexandre Sʋsɔ ɛnʋ, ɛkɛ Maaseedʋwanɩ ɛjaɖɛ wiyaʊ. Alexandre naadozo n̄ɩnʋ ɛnʋ ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ cɩnɛ siŋŋ ɛzɩ ɛyaa sɔsaa lɛlaa yɔ.
Ɛkɛ Philipe naalɛ tʋ pɩyalʋ nɛ Aristote sukuli pɩɣa. Ɛpɩsa Maaseedʋwanɩ ɛjaɖɛ wiyaʋ pɩnaɣ 336 nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlʋʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Ɛkɛ mba pakɩlɩ sɔɔlʋʋ tɛtʋ ndɩ ndɩ mʋʋ yɔ pa-taa lɛlʋ. Ɛlaba nɛ ɛ-tɛtʋ cikpetu pɩsɩ Perse achéménide ɛjaɖɛ sɔsɔɖɛ. Ɖɩwalɩ mbʋ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ Indus pɔsɩ nɔsɩ. Alexandre Sɔsɔ ɛnʋ ɛɖʋ ageeta ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ. Atalɩ ɛzɩ nɩɩnʋwa nɛ nɛɛlɛ mbʋ yɔ. Payaɣ a-taa sakɩyɛ se "Alexandre".
Mbʋ pɩtɛzɩ yebu nɛ Alexandre Sɔsɔ hɩɖɛ kɩlɩ sɛʋ kpem yɔɔ lɛ se, ɛɛsɔɔla se ɛmʋ halɩ pɩkpɛndɩna tɛtʋ ndʋ ndʋ paasɩŋ yɔ. Ɛ-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩcaɣ kaɖɛ nɛ sɔɔndʋ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ, ɛlɛ, ɛpɩzaa ɛla ḿbʋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛsɩ. Ɛ-pɩnzɩ niidozo nɛ naalɛ (32) ñɩnzɩ taa ɛsɩba. Tɛtʋ ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ ɛmʋwa yɔ, yebina nɛ hayɩ kiŋ ajɛya nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ ajɛya akpɛndɩ lɩmaɣza kʋɖʋma politiki labʋ nʋmɔʋ taa. Ɖooo yɔ, wiɖiyi patana ḿbʋ.
Ɛ-lɩmaɣza ana ayebina nɛ ɛ-sɔɔjanaa sɔsaa ñekpeɣli ageeta ndɩ ndɩ nɛ akpɛndɩ kʋɖʋma kpaɣ ɛjɛya ndɩ ndɩ n̄ɩnʋʋ nɛ a-mʋʋ tɛ alɩwaatʋ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna Room n̄ɩma alɩwaatʋ.


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Kitaari
Kitaari kɛna minziiki wonuu ŋgʋ palabɩ-kʋ nɛ nimasi yɔ. Nimasi ńzɩ, palaba-sɩ nɛ sɩkpɩtɩna ɖama. Sɩwɛ ɖalakɩŋ yɔɔ nɛ sɩwɛɛ kandɩmaŋgandɩ tɩyɛ. Sɩwɛ sɩ-mabʋ kpata yɔɔ ɖama taa kɛ tisuu weŋgalaɣ kpɛlɛkɩyaa tɩyɛ ɖɩɖɔkɩyɛ taa. Wɛɛ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ size pɛsɛtɩ-wɛ fɩrɛtɩ tɩyɛ.
Pɔ-yɔɔ peeɖe pan̄ɩkɩɣna nee nimaɣ yɔɔ nɛ nee nɛ pɩcɛlɩɣ witu ndɩ ndɩ. Nesi lɛɛsɩ kpɩtɩɣna nimasɩ nɛ pɩcɛlɩɣ witu. Cɩkpaŋ pakpɩtɩɣna nimasɩ nzɩ. Kitaari waa mba pakɩlɩ tɔyʋʋ yɔ, pɛwɛna nimasɩ loɖo.
Kitaari kɛna anasaayɩwaa ɛjaɖɛ tɛ nsʋlɩmɩyɛ taa lɩzɩtʋ ndʋ tɩkɩla tɔyʋʋ yɔ minziiki tʋma wondu hɔɔlʋʋ taa.
Kitaari kʋnɛ, kɩ-tʋkaɣ nɛ minziiki wondu lɛɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-wɛtʋ wɛ mbʋ yɔ tɩtaa natʋyʋ kɔyɔ: balalaïka, nɛ bouzouki, nɛ charango, nɛ luth, nɛ mandoline, nɛ oud, nɛ théorbe, nɛ pɩtasɩna ukulele nɛ ɛ-wɛɖʋ, nɛ nabʋlɛ taa lɛ nimaɣ wena wena palʋ n̄ɛ kitaari taa awɛ ndɩ ndɩ.
Kitaari waa wɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Pa-taa nabɛyɛ hɩla yɔ : viola, violão, cavaco nɛ cavaquinho (Piresviili), nɛ tiple, nɛ requinto (Amerika taa nɛ Ɛsɩpaan̄ɩ taa). Kitaari waa wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna pɛ-tɛ ambitus yɔɔ nɛ pɛ-tɛ suye tɔnɛ yɔɔ.


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Marɔkɩ
Marɔkɩ kɛna Afrika nɛ hayʊ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Raabaa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa makɩɣna 710 850 km² nɛ pakalɩ ɛyaa kɛ pɩnaɣ 2014 lɛ patalɩ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa 34 yɔ.
Palaba kɩgalɩʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2014 ɛlɛ pana se Maarɔkɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa kpɛnda miliyɔɔnaa 33,8. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ talɩ ɛzɩ hiuwaa naatozo yɔ nɛ paa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa ɖɛ ɛzɩ kutokiŋ mɩnɩʊ yɔ.
Peeɖe malɩŋ kɩlɩna ɖɔʊ nɛ patala ɛzɩ 99 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ yɔ. Tɛʊ feŋ lɛ pucʊʊtʊ yem: malɩŋ woki ciŋgirinaa taa tam kagbanzɩ ɛzɩ Mohamet pɔzɩɣ yɔ. Fransɩ kɛ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ peeɖe. Ŋgʊ pawɩlɩɣ sukilinaa taa kpaɣ ɖaŋ kʊɖʊmʊʊ yaa hɛkʊ taa sukuli pɩtalɩ sukulinaa sɔsɔŋ taa. Pɔyɔɔdɩɣ ɖɔdɖɔ ɛsɩpañɔlɩ, aŋgilisi, caama nɛ itaalɩ.
Pɩkɛna kɩjɛyʊʊ kɛ paa pʊɣa ŋgaalɛ se kowolo sukuili. Pɩkilɩna pɩya nzɩ sɩwɛna pɩnzɩ looɖo pɩsɩna hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ. Pɩnzɩ 2004 lɛ, mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ ɛyaa 43 taala sukili ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2012 taa lɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ ɛyaa 28 towobina sukuli.
Tɔnʊʊ taa hayɩɣ nʊmɔʊ taa lɛ Marɔɔkɩ wɛ ɖɔŋ: Said Aouita kɛna efebu weyi ɛɖɛwaɣ nɔɔ kɛ seɣa taa mɛtanaa 1 500, 2 000, 3 000 nɛ 5 000 yɔ; Nawal El Moutawakel ñɛkɛna pɛlɛɣ weyi ɛkɛna Afrika taa kacalaɣ halɩbʊwa ŋga kamʊ ɔɔrɩ lɩyʊʊ kɛ hasʊʊ taa yɔ.
Nawal El Moutawakel ñawaba seɣa keteŋa kpeekpe taa ɖɔɖɔ. Hicham Arazi ñɛkɛna efebu weyi ɛwaba teniisi ɖɔɖɔ yɔ. Badr Hari ñɛkɛna weyi ɛmakɩna nesi camɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ se kickboxeur K-1 yɔ. Pɩkazɩ Medhi Benatia ñɛkɛna pombo maɖʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ kɛ Bayern Munich taa.


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The Beatles
The Beatles kɛna Pritaaniiki wondu teyaa nabɛyɩ pɛkpɛndɩ naanza nɛ palɩna Livɛɛrpuli; mba yɔ: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison nɛ Ringo Starr. The Beatles kʊnɛ kɩɩkɛna rock nɛ paa ɛzɩ kɩɩyɔka ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1970 kɔyɔ, kɩɩkɛna wondu teyaa ŋgbɛyɛ nɖi ɛyaa kaakɩla sɔɔlɩɣ keteŋa kpeekpe taa yɔ. Wondu teyaa ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩlɩwa lɛ ɖiteleɖi, pɩnzɩ hiu ɖeke ɖɩlaba (1962 nɛ 1970), ɛlɛ ɖi-taa wondu teyaa panɛ palɩza wondu tewu tatasɩ kɩfasɩ hiu nɛ naalɛ nɛ polu wondu mɩnɩŋ naalɛ. Ɛyaa panɛ po-wondu lubu taa caɣ kacʊka pɩnzɩ 1963 nɛ 1966. Pɔɖɔna yɛlɩɣ yɛlɩɣ nɛ palɩzɩ wondu tewu takayasɩ lʊbɛ, siŋili waa hiu nɛ naatozo nɛ EPS waa hiu nɛ naalɛ. Payaɣ Beatles wondu teyaa mba se Beatlemania.
Pinzɩ 1960 taa, Beatlemania wondu pakɩlaɣ ɖʊʊ paa le nɛ po-wondu ndʊ tɩmʊwaɣna patʊ ndɩ sakɩyɛ, kpaɣ ɛzɩ: jazz, salsa, reggae, soul yaa ɖoo lɔnda wondu nɛ parɔkɩ. Pɩkɔma pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kʊɖʊm taa lɛ papaɣzɩ Beatlemania wondu ɖʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ tɩɖaɣnɩ wɛu ɛyaa nɩŋgbaaŋ taa ɛzɩ kɩfatʊ yɔ. Wondu teyaa panɛ pa-naanza pa-taa lɛ Lennon nɛ McCartney kɛ ɛyaa kpaɣa se mba lɩzɩna The Beatles nɛ eyaa kpakʊɣ po-wondu nɛ nɛ pamaazɩɣna nɛ poluki pɛ-ndʊ.
The Beatles kɛna keteŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ wondu teya mba pakɩlɩ pɛ-tɛ wondu tewu tatasɩ kɛ pɛtɩɣ yɔ. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ EMI ñɩnaa nɛ pana se pɩnaɣ 1980 taa pɛpɛda CD waa pɩɖɛ ɛzɩ miliyaarɩ yɔ nɛ powolo Ɛɛndɩ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ tam 78 yɔ. Pɩtalɩɣ nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ, wondu takayasɩ nzɩ pɛpɛda yɔ sɩɖɛ ɛzɩ miliyaarɩwaa naalɛ yɔ.
Po-wondu natʊyʊ payaɣ se Yesterday (pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Ɖeɖe), tɩtala ɛzɩ kutokiŋ niitozo yɔ, nɛ pañɩnaa nɛ pala akɔntanaa lɛ, pana se paɖu-tʊ radiyoonaa taa kpem kɛ keteŋa kpeekpe taa paa pɩkɩlɩ ɛzɩma yɔ tam kʊɖumbʊ efemiye taa. The Beatles waa panɛ, pɩpazaa nɛ pɩsɩna keteŋa kpeekpe kɛ kɛ-ɛsɩnda wobu nʊmɔʊ taa pɩlɩna tɔm pee wena peteɣ yɔ, po-wondu suu taa, pa-ñʊŋ taa maɣzɩm taa, pɔ-nɔsɩ taa leleŋ taa nɛ pɔ-lɔŋ sɩnɖɛ taa.


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Archives vidéos
2018: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
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2016: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
2015: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
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2006: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
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2004: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
2003: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
2002: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
2001: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
2000: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
1999: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
1998: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
1997: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
1996: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc
1995: Janv Févr Mars Avr Mai Juin Juil Août Sept Oct Nov Déc


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Adolph Hitler
Adolph Hitler kɛ Otirisi tʊ. Ɛlɛ, ɛyɔɔdʋʋ caama ñɩma kʋnʋŋ. Palʊlɩ-ɩ efemiye nɛɛlɛ (20) wiye ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 1889. Palʋla-ɩ Bɩrɔnɔ Amm Ɩnn tɛtʋ taa Otirisi Hɔŋgri ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ sɔnɔ taa payaɖɩ se Otirisi yɔ, ɖɩ-taa. Ɛsɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɩyakʋ niidozo (30) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa. Bɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʋ taa ɛsɩba. Bɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʋ kɛŋna Caama tɛtʊ sɔsɔ. Adolph Hitler ɛnʊ, ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛkʊna ɛ-tɩ. Sɔsɔ Adolph Hitler kaakɛna Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔɔja sɔsɔ. Ɛɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛɛkɛ politi laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛnʊ lɩzɩna politiki ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se 'Nazisme" yɔ.
Ɖoŋ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeke koŋ ɛlakaɣ e-wezuu caɣʋ tɩŋa. Ɛ-lɩmaɣza ɖeke koŋ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa lakaɣna tʊmɩyɛ. Ɖoŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛmʋna Kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ. Nɛ ɛmʊ-kɛ nɛ ɛtɛ lɛ, ɛyaa Caama ɛjaɖɛ sɩse: Naadozo Reich. Ɛkpaɣ kpelaɣ, kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1933 ñɩŋa nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa. Ɛkɛ politiki ɛyʊ mbʊʋ lɛ, ɛkɛ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ sɩse 'NSDAP' (caama tʊmlaɖaa samaɣ), yɔ ɖɩ-ñʊʋdʊ . Caama ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ñɩnaɣ se ɛkʋ weyi ɛlɛ kɛkɛ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ yɔ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛmʋ kpelaɣ nɛ ɖoŋ, ɛlɛ, pʋtɔcɔ. Ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler kɛkɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ kajalaɣ Minisi, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ tɛɛ tʋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛmʋʋ kpelaɣ nɛ ɖoŋ. Kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ niidozo wiye, pɩnaɣ 1933 ñɩŋa taa ɛɛkɛ Kajalaɣ Minisi Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa.kpɛɣlɛ. Pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɛkʋ e-kondɩnaa mba pakaɖaɣna-ɩ yɔ patɩŋa payɩ pɩtasaɣ paa kʋɖʋm. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 1934 ñɩŋa taa ɖajaa Adolph Hitler laba ɛ-tɩ sɔnzɩ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ Caama ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ. Ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ɖiyaɣ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ñazʋʋ nɛ ɖoŋ. E-ɖeke ɛlɩzɩɣna ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ a-yɔɔ ɖeke ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa ɖɔŋ. Ɛɛyɔɔdʋʋ nɛ nɔɔyʋ cosi. Ɛɛñazɩɣ nɛ nɔɔyʋ kizi labʋ mbʋ ɛtɔma se pala yɔ. Ñazʋʋ nɛ ñazʋʋ lɛ, ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ñazaa ɛpalɩ lɩm.Ɛ-kañatʋ nɛ ñʋʋdʋ nɔɔyʋ ñɩndʋ patata kaʋ. Adolph Hitler tɔm kɛ kigiluu tɔm siŋŋ samaɣ cɔlɔ. Ɛkʊwaɣ e-kondinaa yem yem ɛzɩ ɛsɔɔlʊʋ yɔ.Ɛɛsɔɔla se ɛmʋ ajɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ tɛtʋ nɛ tɩpɩsɩ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ñɩndʋ.
Payaɣ ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler caa se Aloi Hitler nɛ e-ɖoo hɩlɛ lɛ Klara Hitler. Ɛwɛna halʊ nɛ payaɣ ɛlɛ se Eva Braum.


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Vishnou
Vishnou (sanskrit kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, विष्णु / Viṣṇu, tamoul kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ விஷ்ணு / ), ɖɩkatɩɣ vichnou ɖɔɖɔ payaɣ-ɩ se Hari, Padmanabhi yaa Padmanabha), kɛ ɛsɔ naalɛ tʊ trimūrti (ɖɔɖɔ paya-ɩ se hindoue ɛsɔ naa naatozo), ɛ nɛ Brahma nɛ Shiva. Pasɩma Vishnou pɩlɩna ɛ-tɛ ɛyʊtʊ pɩsɩtʊ yɔɔ. Vishnou ɛyaa tɛ lɛ ɛnʊ kɛna ɛsɔ keeke, pɩkɛ sukuli nakʊyʊ kɛ sukuli naa naalɛ mba pɛtɛyɩɣ Vishnou ɛsɔ tɔm yɔ ɛ nɛ sɩvayɩsm.
Palɩzɩɣ Vishnou ɛzɩ abalʊ yuulee nɛ ɛcaɣ ɛzɩ wiyaʊ, ɛwɛna nesi naananza, sakɩyɛ taa lɛ ɛɖɔkʊʊ pɔpɔɖɛ yaa Chakra, nɛ pɛɖɩyɛ (gada), yambɔyʊʊ yaa shankha, hɛɖʊʊ (padma) kɛ e-nesi taa. Ɛpaŋ hulaɣ nakɛyɛ ɛ-ñʊʊ yɔɔ, nɛ paya-ɩ se kirita-mukuta. Pɛkɛdɩɣ ɛ-tɔm se ɛcakaɣ ɖʊm yɔɔ Shesha. E-cuɖe taa wɛɛ hɛɖʊ nakʊyʊ, Brahma ñalɩna hɛɖʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa, ɛkɛ Dharma nɛ Ahimsa pɩɣa.
Pɩwɛ kaɖɛ se patʊʊzɩ keeke Vishnou ɛsɔ tɔm kiɖe. Veda waa taa lɛ, Vishnou kɛ ɛsɔ cikpelu yem, pɛkpɛndɩ-ɩ nɛ Indra, ŋgʊ Varuna, Mitra nɛ Aryaman kaakɛna kajalaɣ ɛsɔ naa sɔsaa mba Vayu, Agni nɛ Surva kaalɛza yɔ. Ɛsɔ Mitra yebina-ɩ ɛ-wɛtʊ tɩŋa, papazɩna e-tomnaɣ (wɩsɩ) nɛ kpegbeka. Pʊwayi yɔ hindou waa tɛ tɔm kɛdɩtʊ taa kɛ pɔtɔŋ se ɛkɛ ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ trimūrti taa nɛ ɛsɔ siŋ nɔɔyʊ pɛ-tɛ ɛsɔ sɛtʊ taa.
Tɛtʊ, Bhūmi yaa Bhû Devi, ɖɔɖɔ wɛʊ yɔ pakpa-ɩ ɛkɛ ɛ-halʊ. Vishnou lɩza-ɩ lɩm taa pɩtɩŋna ɛ-Varaha lɛzɩtʊ yɔɔ. Ɛ-lʊlʊʊ tɔm ñɔna ɛsɔ kewyaɣ, Tɛtʊ (Bhūmi) nɛ liidiye ɖoŋ (Lakshmi) kɛna wɛtʊ ndʊ tɩñɔna wiyaʊ kpam. Keeke taa lɛ, sankrit kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ payaɣ wiyaʊ se bhūpati, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se wɩlɩyʊ yaa tɛtʊ walʊ.


text:
Akaŋgaa
Akaŋgaa kɛ leemuu, tɩŋ ŋgʊ payaɣ akaŋgaa yɔ kʊlʊlʊʊ nɛ akaŋgaanaa nɛ kɩwɛna PH 2,5. Akaŋgaa kɛ tɩŋ cikpeluu nɛ kʊ-kʊkʊyʊmɩŋ maɣna mɛtanaa 5 ntalɩ 10 mbʊ yɔ. Kɩ-hatʊ wɛ kpɩzɩŋ nɛ tɩɩtɔʊ paa wɩlɩŋ alɩwaatʊ taa, kɩwɛ tɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa wɛ pee wili wili tɛ tɩmʊʊ liɖe taa. Akaŋgaa ŋgʊ kɩpʊʊ lɛ, ku-hutu wɛ tɩŋ hatʊ kpɛdɩŋ nɛ pɩpɩsɩɣ sʊtʊ lɩm tɩyɛ pɩlɩnɛ niikaɣ cɔlɔ. Kɩ-tɛ pɩɣʊ pazʊʊ kpiziɣɖe alɩwaatʊ ntalɩ nzɩnɛ salaŋ kedeŋga nɛ hayi yɔ kiŋ ajɛyɛ taa. Kɩ-taa mʊtʊ lɩm wɛ leleŋ pɩwɛ ñɩmɩŋ nɛ pɩtaa wɛ fitamini C, mbʊ yebina nɛ kɩ-tɛ sɩʊ wɛ kɛlɛʊ nɛ kɩ-tɩ mɩzɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋga taa pɩlɩnɛ mɛlɛnaa nɔmɔŋ woɖaa cɔlɔ mba palakaɣ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ se pehiɣ wezʊʊ amini C kʊdɔŋ yɔ (scorbut). Palɩzɩɣ ku-hutu taa num nabʊyʊ pɩtaa wɛ akaŋgaa ñɩmɩŋ lɩm (limonène nɛ citral).
Akaŋgaanaa mba pɛwɛ leleŋ yɔ pɛkɛ tɩŋ pee wena pahayʊʊ yɔ nɛ pɩtɛ lɩm fɛyɩ ñɩmɩŋ sakɩyɛ. Sɛmɩŋ sɔzɩŋ nɛ nzulɩmɩyɛ yɔ leleŋ nɛ ñɩmɩŋ ɖoŋ yam sikiri nɛ num taa ñɩm koŋ lɛɛzʊʊ lɩnɛ pɩtɛ wɛtʊ cɔlɔ, tɛtʊʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩwɛyɛ alɩwaatʊ cɔlɔ nɛ pɩɣʊ nɛ akaŋgaa pɩnzɩ nɛ tamtʊ ɖɔkʊʊ, pɩpɩsʊʊ kpoŋkpolo tayɩ ŋgʊ paakpakʊʊ leleŋ yɔ.
Palakɩ-kʊ nɛ saladɩ yee fɩnɛkɩrɩ ɛ-fɛyɩ kɔyɔ. Pe-siduu kɩ-nɛ lɩm lɛ, pɩpɩsɩɣ sʊlʊm kpem, pe-siduu-kʊ nɛ tɔnasɩ lɛɛsɩ sakɩyɛ. Passama-kʊ pɩŋ pɩlɩnɛ mbʊ kʊkʊʊ azuuma nɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ mbʊ lɛ, palakɩ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ pɩɖaŋgʊʊ ɛyʊ liu tɛ wɩzasɩ nɛ kɩ-ɖaŋgʊʊ ɛyʊ nesi kʊzɔɔtʊ tʊma ɖɩlaɖɛ taa. Palakɩ-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ajana wondʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ ɖɩlaɖɛ taa nɛ kɩ-sɛzʊʊ nɛ kɩ-lozuu ɛyʊ tɔmnaɣ. Kɩ-tɛ leleŋ lɩm lʊkɩna ɛyʊ tɛ ɛvam nɛ kɩ-yeki se ɛyʊ ɛwɛnɛ yɔɔdɔɣ tɛ nɔɔ kɩbaŋga. Kɩ-tɛ fitamini C ɖɔʊʊ nɛ kɩ-tɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ kʊɣʊ yeba se akaŋgaa ɛkɛ piye ndɩ yolim taa lɛ, palʊkɩna azuuma yɔ. Akaŋgaa lɩm yɔɔlʊʊ ɛyʊ taa tɔɔnaɣ camɩyɛ.


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Panama
Panama kɛna Amerika ilemiye hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ajɛya wena acɔ-ɖɩ nɛ ata yɔ anaa yɔ Kɔstaarika nɛ Kolɔmbi. Pamaza Panama ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ lɛ, panaa se ɖɩ-walanzɩ talɩ 75 420 km2. Pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakala kɩgalʊʊ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, pana ɛyaa ɛzɩ 3 657 024 yɔ nɛ pa-taa lɛ, miliyɔɔnaa ɛzɩ 1,426 wɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ajɛya wena azɩ ɖama nɛ kamaɣ yɔ, pɩtalɣ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 555 yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ Kɔstaarika lɛ walanzɩ talɩɣ ɛzɩ 330 yɔ piyele ɖɩnɛ Kolɔmbi lɛ pɩmaɣna kilomɛtanaa ɛzɩ 225. Atɩlantiki Lɩŋamʋʋ kɛwɛna ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hayʊ kiŋ pɩkazɩ nɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, Pasifiki Lɩŋamʋʋ wɛna. Kidiiliŋ ɖaɣlakɩŋ taa wɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 2 490 yɔ.
Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgba wena awɛ peeɖe yɔ anaa yɔ: katolika mba ( 70 %), Protɛsɩtaŋ ( 19%), ɛyaa yem yɔ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se paasɛɣ ɛsʊɔ nɔɔyʊ yɔ patalɩ ɛzɩ ɛyaa 7 yɔ kɛ mɩnɩuʊ yɔɔ nɛ aŋgba lɛɛna taa mba ñɛwɛ ɛzɩ ɛyaa 4 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ.


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Gandhi
Weyi payaɣ se, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi yɔ, ɛkɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ n̄ʋʋdʋ. Ɛnʋ lʋbɩna siŋŋ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖiyiɣ ɖɩ-yɔɔ wɛʋ. Palʋla-ɩ "Porbandar" tɛtʋ taa aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naalɛ n̄ɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1869 taa. Pakʋ-ɩ "Delhi" tɛtʋ taa kɔlaɣ fenaɣ niidozo n̄ɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1948 taa. Payaɣ-ɩ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-taa se, Mahatma Gandhi. Hɩɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɔɖɔ pasɩmna-ɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ. "Sanskrit" kʋnʋŋ taa lɛ, payaɣ se, mahatma, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, "ciyam sɔsɔʋ". Ɛlɛ, Gandhi kisi hɩɖɛ ńɖɩ e-wezuu caɣʋ tɩŋa. Ɛɛndɩ kʋnʋmɩŋ sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ-ɩ yem se, Gandhi yaa Gandhiji yaa Bapu, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, "Caa"
Gandhi kɛkɛ ɛyʋ weyi ɛn̄ɩnaɣ toovenim tɔm ɖeke koŋ yɔ. Ɛtaasɔɔlɩ cɛtɩm tɔm kaʋ. Ɛɛkɛ mbʋ payaɣ se, "satyagraha" yɔ, pʋ-yɔɔ lʋɖʋ siŋŋ. Eyekaɣ se, ɛyaa ɛɖɔ habɛ yɔɔ nɛ pawɩlɩ se, pɔsɔɔlɩ yomiye taa lɩʋ. Ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ heluhelu lakasɩ. Pʋ-yɔɔ ɛtɩŋna hɛɛɛ hɛɛɛ nɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ lɩɩ yomiye taa. Gandhi ɖʋ aŋgba sakɩyɛ wena alʋkɩ se, ajɛɛ ɛlɩɩ yomiye taa nɛ paa weyi ɛwɛɛna ɛ-waɖɛ yɔ. Aŋgba ana an̄ɔ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ. Sɔsaa nabɛyɛ sakɩyɛ lʋba tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ siŋŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Gandhi yɔ. Mbaa yɔ : Albert Schweitzer nɛ Martin Luther King nɛ Nelson Mandela nɛ Steve Biko nɛ Dalaï Lama nɛ Aung San Suu Kyi. Ɛlʋkaɣna lɛɣzɩtʋ ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ ansaayɩnaa kɔŋkaɣna yɔ. Ekizaɣ komina n̄azʋʋ n̄azʋʋ mbʋ yɔ. Kedeŋa yɔɔ sɔsaa nabɛyɛ sakɩyɛ tɩŋna Gandhi maɣzɩm yɔɔ nɛ palʋkɩ ɛ-lʋɖɛ pa-ajɛɛ taa.
Gandhi laba ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ kandʋʋ sukuli Angleterre ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ ɛpɩsɩ tɔmhʋyʋ. Eseɣtaɣ ɛyaa Afrɩka nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa se palɩɩ pɔɖɔ habɛ yɔɔ nɛ pawɩlɩ se, pɔsɔɔlɩ ɛyʋ waɖɛ. Ɛlɛ, ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ se, pɔyɔkɩ nabʋyʋ yaa pala heluhelu lakasɩ kaʋ. Ɛpɩsɩ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, eseɣti haɖaa nɛ kʋn̄ɔndɩnaa se, pekisi lambuu ŋgʋ pamʋwa-wɛ yɔ. Eheyaɣ-wɛ ɖɔɖɔ se, pekisi ɛyaa hɛkʋ taa tɛyɩtʋ ndʋ tɩwɛɛ yɔ. Ɛlʋbɩna ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-ɛjadɛ taa paɣtʋ ɖoŋ n̄ɩndʋ ndʋ Brimaanɩ waa kaɖʋwa yɔ. Ɛkɔma ɛkɛ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se, "Congrès national indien" yɔ, ɖɩ-n̄ʋʋdʋ lɛ, ɛlʋ se pasɩna kʋn̄ɔndɩna. Ɛlʋba ɖɔɖɔ se, Ɛɛndɩ halaa ɛwɛɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ. Ɛlʋba siŋŋ se, taabalɩyɛ nɛ ɖama nɩnaʋ pɛwɛɛ ɛyaa hɛkʋ taa, se tɛyɩtʋ natʋyʋ ɛtaawɛɛ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa. Ɛsɔɔlaa se, kʋnʋmɩŋ nɛ Ɛsɔ tɛɛ luŋuu aŋgba pa-nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, tɛyɩtʋ natʋyʋ ɛtaawɛɛ ɛyaa hɛkʋ taa kaʋ. Ɛsɔɔlaa se, paa anɩ ɛtɔɔ nɛ ɛhaɣ. Ɛlʋba "Swaraj" ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ siŋŋ. Ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩlʋkɩna se, ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ ɛtaan̄azɩ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ.
Gandhi lɩmaɣza yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ lakɩ mbʋ sɔnɔ ɖɩlakɩ yɔ. Ɛtacaɣ wezuu ɛzɩ ɛyʋ n̄ɩm tʋ yɔ kaʋ. Ɛlakaɣ mbʋ payaɣ se, "ashram" yɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, ɛcakaɣ lakʋ taa yaa pʋʋ taa. Ɛnʋ n̄ɩyaɣna e-wondu ndʋ esuwaɣ yɔ. Esuwaɣ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ wondu ndʋ payaɣ se, "dhoti" nɛ kpootu wondu ndʋ halaa laɣyɩɣ pa-hazasɩ yɔɔ yɔ. Ehuwaɣ kuntu ŋgʋ palʋna kpootu pɩzatʋ yɔ. Ɛlʋkaɣ se pahayɩ hatʋ ɖozi sakɩyɛ. Ɛhɔkaɣ nɔɔ alɩwaatʋ sakɩyɛ lɩŋŋŋ se, ɛwɛɛ kele kele. Ɛlɛ, ɛhɔkaɣ nɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ se, ɛtɩŋna pʋ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛlɛɣzɩ wɛtʋ nɛ lakasɩ mba ɛyaa lakɩ nɛ patamʋna kpem yɔ.
Gandhi kɛŋna Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ maʋ yaa lɩzɩyʋ. Ɛnʋʋ lɛ, ɖɩ-caa. Ɛ-lʋlʋʋ kazandʋ kɩyakʋ kɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ kazandʋ sɔsɔtʋ. Evemiye ńɖɩ ɖɔɖɔ Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛɛ kpɛndʋ ŋgbɛyɛ agbeɣla lɩza pɩnaɣ 2007 taa nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se, "Kedeŋa kpeekpe helu helu lakasɩ fɛfɩ evemiye".
Tɔm keem
- 1 E-wezuu caɣʊ tɔm
- 1.1 Ɛ-pɩcatʊ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa(1869-1888)
- 1.2 E-sukuli labʊ Aŋgletɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa(1888-1891)
- 1.3 Ɛpɩsʊʊ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ pʊ-tɔm(1891-1893)
- 1.4 Ɛkɛ takayaɣ taa mayʊ tɔm hʊʊ kpaaŋ taa
- 1.5 Ɛ nɛ Britaniki komina pa-kajalaɣ you=
- 1.6 Ɛwɛʊ Afrɩka nɛ hadɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ(1893-1915)
- 1.6.1 Ɛ-pɩsaʊ hulaɣ nakɛyɛ tɔm
- 1.6.2 Suluku nakʊyʊ tɔm
- 1.6.3 Ɛlʊbɩnaʊ paɣtʊ ndʊ tɩɩ̃nɔɔzʊʊ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa samaɣ yɔ
- 1.6.4 Ɛtɛlɛm waa nabɛyɛ kʊyʊʊ ɛ-yɔɔ nɛ Ɛɛndɩ samaɣ se nɛ kaɖʊ ajɛya lɛɛna kʊyʊʊ yɔ
- 1.6.5 Ɛɖʊʊ nesi Bowɛɛrɩsɩ (Boers) waa you naalɛ ̃nɩŋgʊ ɖeɖe yɔ
- 1.6.6 Kɩkalʊʊ paɣtʊ
- 1.6.7 Ɛlʊkɩ se tɛyɩtʊ ɛwɛɛ Ɛɛdɩ ̃nɩma nɛ ɛyaa kɩkpɛdaa pɛ-hɛkʊ taa
- 1.6.8 Ɛɖʊ nesi siŋŋ nɛ palʊbɩna Zoulou samaɣ ŋga kakʊyɩ Ɛɛndɩ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ yɔ
- 1.6.9 Hermann Kallenbach
- 1.7 Ɛlʊba nɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ lɩɩ yomiye taa(1915-1945)
- 1.8 Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ nɛ Ɛzɩma mbʊ pɛtɛyɩ-kʊ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ(1945-1947)
- 1.9 Ɛ-kʊʊ(1948)
- 2 Ɛ-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ
- 2.1 Tolstoï nɛ Ruskin pa-lɩmaɣzɛ ɖukuni-i
- 2.2 Tisuu
- 2.3 Toovenum
- 2.4 Ɛfɛyɩ kaɖɛ
- 2.5 Tɩŋ pe nɛ ɛ-hatʊ yɔ ɛ-tɔɔnaɣ kɩbaŋga
- 2.6 Brahmacharya
- 2.7 Ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ helu helu lakasɩ(Ahimsâ)
- 2.8 Ɛwaɣ kʊdɔmɩŋ
- 2.9 Satyagraha
- 2.10 Ekisi Anasaayɩnaa ɛsɩndaa ɖɛnaʊ nɛ pɔ-tɔsʊʊ nʊmɔŋ
- 2.11 Ɛsɔɔlaa se samaɣ ɛwɛɛ ka-tɩ yɔɔ, kataawɛɛna komina, kɛwɛɛ ɖiɣɖiɣ caɣʊ taa
- 2.12 Palʊʊ
- 3 Ñɩm mbʊ eyeba yɔ
- 4 Ɛ-takayɩsɩ nzɩ ɛmaa yɔ
- 5 Pasɩma-ɩ samaɣ sɔnzɩ taa
- 6 E-wezuu caɣʊ filim waa taa=
- 7 Ɩcɔna ɖɔɖɔ
E-wezuu caɣʊ tɔm[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-pɩcatʊ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa(1869-1888)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
E-sukuli labʊ Aŋgletɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa(1888-1891)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛpɩsʊʊ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ pʊ-tɔm(1891-1893)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛkɛ takayaɣ taa mayʊ tɔm hʊʊ kpaaŋ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ nɛ Britaniki komina pa-kajalaɣ you=[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛlabʊ lɩmaɣzɛ se eseɣ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛwɛʊ Afrɩka nɛ hadɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ(1893-1915)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-pɩsaʊ hulaɣ nakɛyɛ tɔm[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Suluku nakʊyʊ tɔm[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛlʊbɩnaʊ paɣtʊ ndʊ tɩɩ̃nɔɔzʊʊ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa samaɣ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛtɛlɛm waa nabɛyɛ kʊyʊʊ ɛ-yɔɔ nɛ Ɛɛndɩ samaɣ se nɛ kaɖʊ ajɛya lɛɛna kʊyʊʊ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛɖʊʊ nesi Bowɛɛrɩsɩ (Boers) waa you naalɛ ̃nɩŋgʊ ɖeɖe yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kɩkalʊʊ paɣtʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛlʊkɩ se tɛyɩtʊ ɛwɛɛ Ɛɛdɩ ̃nɩma nɛ ɛyaa kɩkpɛdaa pɛ-hɛkʊ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛɖʊ nesi siŋŋ nɛ palʊbɩna Zoulou samaɣ ŋga kakʊyɩ Ɛɛndɩ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Hermann Kallenbach[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛlʊba nɛ Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ lɩɩ yomiye taa(1915-1945)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Champaran nɛ Kheda[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛgbadɩyɛ fɛyɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Swaraj nɛ ɖɔm ɖɔnɛ (nɖɩ payaɣ se satyagraha)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʊʊ nɛ ===«QuitIndia»[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ nɛ Ɛzɩma mbʊ pɛtɛyɩ-kʊ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ(1945-1947)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-kʊʊ(1948)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tolstoï nɛ Ruskin pa-lɩmaɣzɛ ɖukuni-i[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tisuu[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Toovenum[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛfɛyɩ kaɖɛ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tɩŋ pe nɛ ɛ-hatʊ yɔ ɛ-tɔɔnaɣ kɩbaŋga[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Brahmacharya[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ helu helu lakasɩ(Ahimsâ)[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛwaɣ kʊdɔmɩŋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Satyagraha[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ekisi Anasaayɩnaa ɛsɩndaa ɖɛnaʊ nɛ pɔ-tɔsʊʊ nʊmɔŋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛsɔɔlaa se samaɣ ɛwɛɛ ka-tɩ yɔɔ, kataawɛɛna komina, kɛwɛɛ ɖiɣɖiɣ caɣʊ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Palʊʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ñɩm mbʊ eyeba yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
ɛ-hɩɖɛ ɖʊʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Kedeŋa yɔɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛɛndɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-taabalaa nɛ ɛ-ɖoŋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Mbʊ pʊtɔcɔlɩ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Mba payaɣ se «Dalits» waa yɔ pa-lɩmaɣzɛ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Samaɣ kʊyʊʊ ɛ-yɔɔ yɔ nɛ ɛzɩma mbʊ kɛtɛyɩ ɖama yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-takayɩsɩ nzɩ ɛmaa yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-tʊma[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Pasɩma-ɩ samaɣ sɔnzɩ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
E-wezuu caɣʊ filim waa taa=[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-takayɩsɩ kɩkalɩsɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Minziiki[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Aleɣya ndɩ ndɩ fideyoo taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɩcɔna ɖɔɖɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-agbele naa : Indira nɛ Rajiv Gandhi[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-takayɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ sɩm[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
E-wezuu caɣʊ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
E-wezuu caɣʊ Iŋgilisi ɛjaɖɛ taa[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-yɔɔ tɔm kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɛ tɩ-taa tazʊʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Ɛ-takayɩsɩ lɛɛsɩ ndɩ ndɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Takayɩhayʊʊ tɛɛ tɔm nɛ ɖenɖe panaɣ-tʊ yɔ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Tɔm lɛɛtʊ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Awayɩ kpasɩ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
41.207.160.90 13:01, 17 February 2016 (UTC)


text:
Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ wandamm
Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ wɛ Amerika tɛtʋ wandamm taa. Tɛwɛ Amerika tɛtʋ wandamm nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Pasiifiki lɩŋamʋʋ wɛ Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Piyele hayi kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ Atɩlantiki lɩŋamʋʋ. Amerika hɛkʋ tɛ tɛtʋ tɔnaɣ tamsɩna Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ nɛ Amerika nɛ hayi kiŋ tɛtʋ. Piyele Karayiibu waa ñɛwɛ Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ nɛ hayi wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa.
Pɔɔrɩtigɛɛ kʋnʋŋ nɛ ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ kʋnʋŋ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʋʋ Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ taa.
Pɩnaɣ 1507 ñɩŋa taa paya tɛtʋ ndʋ se Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ. Anjaʋ naa lɩzɩyaa, ɖajaanaa panɛ, Martin Waldseemüller nɛ Mathias Ringmann, mba hana Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ hɩɖɛ. Saint-Dié-des-Vosges tɛtʋ taa paha-tʋ hɩɖɛ ńɖɩ.
Toovenum lɛ, ɖajaa Amerigo Vespuci calɩna yɔɔdʋʋ se Amerika tɛtʋ kɛ tɛtʋ kɩfatʋ ndʋ Eerɔpʋ ñɩma tasɩmda-tʋ yɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Amerika tɛtʋ fɛyɩ Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ wandamm taa. Ɖajaa Amerigo kɛ Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa tʋ.
Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ walanzɩ kɛ 17 840 000 km2. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, yee pɛtɛyɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɛtʋ pɩkpɛndɩna lɩm hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋa payɩ hɔɔlɩŋ mɩnʋʋ kɔyɔ, Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ kɛ 11,9.
Pɩnaɣ 2015 taa lɛ, Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ taa ɛyaa ñʋʋ kɛkɛ miiliyɔɔ waa 410. Payaɣ tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa ñɩma se Amerika nɛ hadɛ taa ñɩma. Tɛtʋ wandamm waa tɛ walanzɩ nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm kɩlɩna. Tɩ-wayɩ lɛ, Afrɩka tɛtʋ wandamm tɩŋna. Tʋtʋ wyɩ lɛ, Amerika nɛ hayi tɛtʋ nɛ Amerika nɛ hadɛ tɛtʋ tɩŋ.
Ɛyaa ɖɔʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa ɛyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʋ. Pʋ-wayɩ lɛ, Afrɩka tɛtʋ wandamm tɩŋ nɛ tʋtʋ wayɩ lɛ, Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ wandamm ñatɩŋ. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ wandamm wayɩ lɛ, Amerika nɛ hayi tɛtʋ taa ɛyaa ñatɩŋ.


text:
Afrɩka tɛtʊ tɔm
Mbʋ pɩɩlaba Afrɩka taa payɩ, kpaɣ ɖooo caanaʋ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩnɩ sɔnɔ nɛ pɩɖɛɛ yɔ, payaɣ se Afrɩka caanaʋ tɔm. Roma n̄ɩma n̄aakpaɣ Afrɩka tɛtʋ nɛ tɩ-hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ ɖeɖe nɛ payaa se Afrɩka. Pʋwayɩ yɔ paya tɛtʋ ńdʋ tɩtɩŋa se Afrɩka. Ɛsɔ halɩn̄ɩnʋ nɔɔyʋ payawaɣ-ɩ se "Ifri". Ɛnʋʋ Afrɩka n̄ɩma n̄aakpaɣa se pɛ-ɛsɔ. Ɛkɛ Bɛɛrɩbɛɛrɩ n̄ɩma ɛsɔ halɩn̄ɩnʋ.
Paa pɩɩla ɛzɩma yɔ, Afrɩka wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ɛyʋ lɛɣ wɛʋ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ. Ɛwɛʋ yɔ, pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ miiliyɔɔ waa 2,5 mbʋ yɔ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, ɛyaa ɖɔʋ nɛ pɔɖɔʋ halɩ nɛ pɔkɔɔ pawadɩ Afrɩka tɛtʋ tɩŋa yɔɔ. Pʋcɔ nɛ caanaʋ tɔm paɣzɩ lɛ, lɩŋgamɩŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩyɛ kɛwɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ payaɣ lɛɛlɛyɔ se sahara yɔ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, sahara pɩsɩ kan̄ɩmbusuu ɛjaɖɛ. Sahara ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩtɛyɩna Afrɩka tɛtʋ hɔɔlɩŋ sɔsɔŋ naalɛ. Sahara nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya nɛ Sahara nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa n̄ɩna. Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa caanaʋ tɔm nɩɣzɩna Meediteeranii teŋgu caanaʋ tɔm. Ajɛya wena alɛ n̄ɛwɛ Sahara nɛ pɩ-tɛɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa yɔ, alɛ tɔm n̄ɛwɛɛ.
Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe naʋ lɛɣzɩtʋ sɔsɔtʋ naadozo mbʋ payaɣ se "tɛkɩniiki" yɔ pʋ-nʋmɔʋ taa yɔ, ḿbʋ ɖɔɖɔ Afrɩka caanaʋ tɔm nawa. Lɛɣzɩtʋ ńdʋ tiyeba nɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ ɖɔɖɔ lɛɣzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ.
- Kajalaɣ lɛ, ɛyʋ lubi miŋ. Elubu-i yɔ, pɩtala pɩnzɩ 800 000 yaa 400 000 mbʋ yɔ. Miŋ yeba nɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ lɛɣzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ.
- Nabʋlɛ lɛɣzɩtʋ kɔyɔ mbʋ payaɣ se "néolithique yɔ. Lɛɣzʋʋ nabʋlɛ n̄ɩmbʋ pʋnɛ; pɩlɩwa pɩtala ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 8000 yaa 2 000 mbʋ yɔ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Lɛɣzʋʋ naalɛ n̄ɩmbʋ pʋnɛ piyeba nɛ haɖaʋ nʋmɔʋ lɛɣzɩ sakɩyɛ.
- Lɛɣzʋʋ nabudozo lɛ anasaayɩ n̄ɩɣtʋ lubu nʋmɔʋ. Mbʋʋ payaɣ se "révolution industrielle". Lɛɣzʋʋ nabudozo n̄ɩmbʋ pʋnɛ piyeba nɛ ɛyʋ tɩlɩ mbʋ payaa se "énergie électrique nɛ énergie fossiles nɛ énergie fissiles yɔ.
Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa samaɣ ŋga payaɣ se Pɛɛrɩbɛɛrɩwaa (Berbères) yɔ kɛwɛɛ. Ɛyaa mba payaɣ se "Phéniciens waa yɔ pɛlɛɣna kpacayɩɣ Pɛɛrɩbɛɛrwaa. Paba wayɩ lɛ, Tunisii ɛjaɖɛ taa n̄ɩma n̄akpacayɩ-wɛ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, Rooma n̄ɩma nɛ Arabʋ n̄ɩma kpacayɩna-wɛ. Sɔnɔdaa mbʋyɔ, Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa malɩŋ kɩla ɖɔʋ. Anasaayɩnaa n̄azɩ Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya ɖɔɖɔ.
Afrɩka « Sub-saharienne» ajɛya n̄ɔwa nɛ awɛɛna kewiyasɩ ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛlɛ, pɩkɔma kpaɖɩŋ VII taa lɛ, Aaraabʊ ajɛyɛ sʊna a-Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ ajɛya ana a-taa nɛ pɩlɛɣzɩ pe-wezuu caɣʊ nɛ pɔ-sɔnzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ajɛya sɔsɔna nazɩ Afrɩka ajɛya pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1910 nɛ ŋwolo ŋsɩɩna pɩnzɩ 1975 taa Afrɩka ajɛya lʊba nɛ alɩɩ kʊhʊlʊm yomiye taa nɛ piyele awɛɛ a-tɩ yɔɔ.
Sahara nɛ pɩtɛɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa ajɛya taa n̄ɩma n̄aɖʋ kewiyisi ndɩ ndɩ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, kewiyisi ńzɩ sɩ-taa sakɩyɛ sʋʋ malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Tobo se Afrɩka ajɛya kɛwɛ yomiye taa nɛ pʋcɔ pazɩ pazɩ alɛɛ yomiye ńɖɩ ɖɩ-taa nɛ awɛɛ a-tɩ yɔɔ lɛɛlɛyɔ. Kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1910 nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1975 taa Afrɩka ajɛya lʋba nɛ alɩɩ yomiye taa.


text:
Tuublɛɛ
Tuublɛɛ tɛtʋ kɛna Iirlandɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ. Tuublɛɛ tɛtʋ wɛ Iirlandɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ. Pɩnaɣ 2011 taa paakalɩ Tuublɛɛ tɛtʋ taa kɛ ɛyaa lɛ, paakpɛnda ɛyaa ɛzɩ 527 612 yɔ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa yee pakalɩɣ ɛyaa km2 taa kɔyɔ, panaɣ-wɛ ɛzɩ 4 588 yɔ. Pamaza tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ lɛ, pana se tɩ-walanzɩ taa talɩ ɛzɩ ɛkɩtaarɩnaa ɛzɩ 11 499 pʊtɔbʊʊ se kilomɛtanaa ɛzɩ 114,99 km2 yɔ. Tɛtʋ tʋnɛ tɩ-taa nɛ nɛ ñɩm sakɩyɛ nɛ peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ habɛɛ sɔsɔna ɖɔ sakɩyɛ nɛ peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ ɛsɩyɛ egbena, tɔsʊʊ nɛ ɛsa kuliye kɩla wɛʊ. Payaɣ Tuublɛɛ maaliki tɛtʋ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʋ se Mícheál Mac Donncha. Palɩza-ɩ pɩnaɣ 2017.


text:
Kɔntrɩbasɩ
Kɔntrɩbasɩ kɛna kɩlabɩnaʋ minziiki wonuu ŋgʋ kɩ-mabʋ kiwilaɣ wɛ muduleee yɔ. Ki-hɔʋ taa mba yɔ, mba palakɩ paba nɛ nimaɣ yɔ. Papɩzɩɣ pamabɩ kʋ nɛ nee tɛɛ archet (arɩchɛ), nɛ pɔɖɔŋna kinima yɔ.
Nɛ pʋhɔŋ yɛɛ nɛ peyeki lɛ awiluu lɩʋ. Papɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ pamabɩyɛ nɛ nee. Hɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋkʋ-taa lɛ pɔɖɔkʋ nimasɩ nsɩ nɛ pɔhɔŋ nɛ peyeki, ɛlɛ awiluu lɩʋ. Kɔntrɩbasɩ kʋnɛ, palakɩna kʋ kpem kɛ minziiki cɔlʋʋ lɩmaɣsaɣ ɖeɖe kɛ mʋsɩ tɩna ɖɩjaɣyɛ woŋgalaɣ tɛ.
Kʋwɛ ɖɔɖɔ minziiki kpaɖʋ ŋgʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ. Jazz ɖeɖe lɛ, ɛwɛ hɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa naŋgbaŋzɩ taa tisuu tɛ wɛ yɔ. Kɔntrɩbasɩ kʋnɛ, pɩtasɩna kʋ peɖe labɩnaʋ ɖeke ɛlɛ palakɩna kʋ ɖɔɖɔ hɔlɩŋ ɛnɛ ɛ-taa: blues taa, nɛ bluegrass taa, nɛ rock 'n' roll taa, nɛ rockabilly taa, nɛ jazz rap taa, nɛ tango yaa ɖooo pazɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ hard rock taa nɛ heavy metal taa ɖɔɖɔ.
Pʋwɛ mbʋ, nɛ ɖɩtɩlaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se Kɔntrɩbasɩ tɛkɛna minziiki wonuu ŋgʋ kɩ-wiluu taa lɛ, lɛɛzɩ tʋ fɛɣɩ. Wonuu kʋnɛ yɔ, kɩwɛna wilitu pɩsɩna nodozo. Ki-wiɣu pɩ-kpaɣ ɛlɛ ki-wili piti.
Ɖasɩ keem nsɩ pakpakʋ-sɩ nɛ pamana Kɔntrɩbasɩ yɔ, wɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛlɛ, ɖɩnaɣ l'épicéa ŋgʋ palakɩna tabɩlɩ yɔ, ɖɩnaɣ ɖɔɖɔ ébène ŋgʋ po-tukuna yɔ. Lɛdɩmɛlɛdɩ kpoŋgbolonaa nabɛyɛ palakɩna kpɛlɛkɩtʋ wonduu.
Ɖinaɣ ɖɔɖɔ kɔntrɩbasɩ waa nabɛyɛ palabɩ wɛ nɛ fam nɛ fam nɛ carbon (karɩbonɩ) tɔlɩm.


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Isaac Newton
Palʊla Isaac Newton kɛ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ nanza wiye pɩnaɣ 1643 nɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1727. Nabɛyɛ tɔŋ se ɛsɩba lakɩŋ fenaɣ 31 pɩnaɣ 1727 yaa kɛ-tɛ kɩyakɩn nɛɛlɛ, lalaa se saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ 25 pɩnaɣ 1642. Ɛkɛ britannique tʊ nɛ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ philosophe mathématiki tʊ, physiki tʊ, alchimiste, astronome nɛ Anglisɩ théolozɩ tʊ. Sciences taa lɛ, pɩnaɣ-ɩ sɩŋŋŋ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɛnʊ ɛnana mbʊ payaɣ se mécanique classique yɔ, gravitation universelle. Pɩwayɩ lɛ, ɛna Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz palɩza akɔnta ŋgʊ payaɣ se calcul infinitésimal yɔ. Ɛnʊ ɛnana ɖɔɖɔ se mʊndʊsʊʊ naaʊ mbʊ yɔ, kɛwɛ ndɩ ndɩ; ɛnʊ lubina télescope de Newton ɖɔɖɔ.
Mekaniki taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛna se mbʊ mbʊ pɩcɩɩdɩɣ yɔ, pɩwɛna paɣtʊ natutozo. Ndʊ payaɣ sɔnɔ se mécanique newtonienne. Pasɩma-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ mbʊ payaɣ se théorème du binôme nɛ méthode de Newton.
Newton wɩlaa se tɔmnasɩ tɛtʊ yɔɔ mbʊb mbʊ piciidiɣ yɔ yaa ɛsɔtaa mbʊ pɩwɛɛ yɔ, pɩɖɔŋ paɣtʊ natutozo ndʊ tɩ-yɔɔ. Ɛtɩŋgɩna Kepler tɛ paɣtʊ yɔɔ nɛ ɛɖʊ paɣtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se loi universelle de la gravitation yɔ.
Ɛma takayaɣ nakɛyɛ kpem pɩnaɣ 1686 nɛ sciences tʊma taa lɛ, pɩfɛyɩ yɔɔdɩɣ nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ se Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica . Ɛma ɛsɔ yɔɔ tɔm sakɩyɛ nɛ alchimie taa ɖɔɖɔ ɛwɛna ɛnɔɔ. Ka-taa kɛ ɛyɔɔdaa se keteŋga yɔɔ ɖoŋ nɩɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ ɛkpɛnda niitozo nɛ ɛ-yɔɔ kɛ pɩtɩŋga pɩpɩzɩɣ nɛ pɩcɩɩdɩɣ.
Isaac Newton kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]
Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ palʊla Isaac Newton yɔ, Aŋglɩtɛɛrɩ taatɩ paɣzɩda gregori fensi takayaɣ kalʊ pʊ-yɔɔ kɛ paɖʊ-ɩ se ɛsɩba Saŋgayɩŋ Fenaɣ 25 pɩnaɣ 1642 kɛ Woolsthorpe tɛtʊ taa, pɩñɔtɩna Grantham, kɛ Lincolnshire Aŋglɩtɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa). Ɛñɩma kɛ haɖaa. Ɛ-caa sɩba pɩla fenasɩ nɛ naatozo nɛ pʊcɔ palʊlɩ-ɩ nɛ pɩlaba pɩnz naatozo ɖeyi ɖeyi lɛ, e-ɖoo Hannah Ayscough, ɖɛɛ nɛ ɛmalɩ na nɔɔyʊ. Pɩlaba mbʊ lɛ, powona-ɩ na-ɩ nɛ ɛwɛɛ e-egbele tɛ. Ɛtɔɔ kʊñɔŋ kpem kɛ ɛ-pɩcatʊ taa kamaɣ fɛyɩ. Powona-ɩ sukuli pɩnzɩ kagbanzɩ taa kɛ sukuli cikpelu ŋgʊ payaɣ se Skillington yɔ kɩ-taa nɛ pɩnzɩ 12 taa lɛ powona-ɩ Grantham tɛ kolɛzɩ taa.
Pɩnzɩ naanza wayɩ kɛ e-ɖoo yayɩ-ɩ nɛ ewolo ɛcaɣ Woolsthorpe nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ ɛ-hayɩm yɔɔ cɔnaʊ. E-ɖoo ɛnʊ ɛcɔnaa se ɛ-pɩɣa ŋga kɛwɛ ɖoŋ kɛ kpɛdɛ tʊmɩyɛ taa nɛ pɩkɩlɩ kpɩna ɖɩyʊʊ lɛ, ɛpɩsɩna-ɩ sukuli taa se ɛtasɩ-kʊ labʊ pazɩ nɛ pɩwɛ ɛzɩma yɔ, wiɖii ɛɛsʊ sukuli kɩtɛzʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se sukuli kɩtɛzʋʋ yɔ kɩ-taa. Isaac Newton wɛna pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ lʊbɛ lɛ, ɛ-laŋgɩyɛ pazɩ ɖɩsʊʊ halʊ-pɩɣa nakɛyɛ ŋga payaɣ se Storey; ɛlɛ petekizina-ɩ nɛpaha-ɩ nɔɔ se ɛpɩzɩɣ nɛ ɛɖanɩ-kɛ nɛ ɛtɛma e-sukuli lɛ, ɛkpa-ke halʊ. Ɛ-ɖaŋ ɛnʊ ɛla kpɛɖɛŋ kpɛɖɛŋ nɛ ɛtawalɩ-ɩ nɛ Isaac Newton ɛnʊ, ɛcaɣ ɛɖandʊ e-wezu caaʊ tɩŋga.


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Pɛrɩlɛɛ
Pɛrɩlɛɛ kɛna Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkɩla paɣlʊʊ yɔ nɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ. Tɩ-taa kɛ ɛsɩnda wobu, tɔsʊʊ nɛ ñɩm pakɩla wɛʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtɩŋga ɖɩ-taa. Tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩ-tɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ nɛ tɩ-taa ɛyaa kpɛnda miliyɔɔnaa naatozo nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ (3 500 000).
Eerɔpʊ tɛtʊ kpeekpe taa lɛ, Pɛɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʊ kɛɛŋna naalɛ ñɩndʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa wɛ camɩyɛ yɔ nɛ lʊbɛ ñɩndʊ kɛ ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa kɛ Erɔpʊ ajɛya taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ kpeekpe taa. Pamaza Pɛɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʊ tɛ walanzɩ kpeekpe lɛ tɩmaɣna kilomɛtanaa akpaba 3 734 nɛ ɛyaa mba pɛwɛ peeɖe yɔ pɛkpɛnda miliyɔɔnaa naanza nɛ naaza (4 400 000). Yee pakpaɣ tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se Pɛɛrɩlɛɛ-Pɩrandɛbʊriŋi taa ɛyaa nɛ pɛkpɛndɩ Pɛɛrɩlɩ ñɩndʊ kɔyɔ, pɛlɩʊ ɛyaa miliyɔɔnaa looɖ̀o (6 000 000).
Pɛɛrɩlɛe tɛtʊ wɛ ɖooo pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ litoozo taa nɛ tɩkɛ Purisi tɛtʊ tɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ pɩnzɩ 1701 nɛ 1871 taa. Pɩwayɩ lɛ Caama kewiyaɣ taa ñɩndʊ pɩnzɩ 1871 nɛ 1918 taa nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ tʊtʊ se Fayimarɩ yɔ tɛ-ñɩndʊ kɛ pɩnzɩ 14 yaa kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1919 nɛ 1933 taa; pʊwayɩ lɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ Rayisɩ naatozo ñɩŋgʊ yɔ kɩ-tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ kɛ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1919 nɛ 1945.
Pɩnaɣ 1945 wayɩ nɛ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ ŋga Pɛɛrɩlɛɛ nɛ koloŋga yɔkaa yɔ, pɛtɛyɩ Pɛɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʊ kɛ tam napɩnza taa. Pɩnaɣ 1990 kɛ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩnza ɩnʊ ɩkpɛŋdaa nɛ pɩɖaanɩ tɛtʊ kʊɖʊmtʊ kpɛm nɛ pɩsɩʊ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ.


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Eelɛkɩtroniiki
Eelɛkɩtroniiki kɛna tomnaɣ kpɛlɛkʋʋ lɛɣtʋ piliŋa nakɛyɛ. Pɩ-tɛ piliŋa ŋga kalakɩna nɛ nabʋyʋ wɛɣna tomnaɣ wɛtʋ nɛ camɩyɛ labɩnaʋ nazɩyʋ tʋmɩyɛ taa. Pɩwazɩɣ siŋŋ kɛ tɔm kususutu nɛ tɔm kʋmʋmʋtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Eelɛkɩtroniiki yekina nɛ pɩ-tɛ tɔm ndʋ tɩtalɩ camɩyɛ ti-woɖe nɛ tɩ-mʋyaa wʋʋ-tʋ camɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ.
Ɖɩtɩlɩ ɖɔɖɔ size, nabʋyʋ taa lɛ, pakpakɩɣ eelɛkɩtroniiki nɛ palakɩna tomnasɩ kekeɖii kʋdɔmɩŋ kpeekpe. Pɩtɛkɛ pi-ɖeke ɛlɛ, eelɛkɩtroniiki ŋgʋ, palakɩna-kʋ nɛ tʋmɩyɛ kɛ lɛdɩmɛlɛdɩ nazɩyʋ tʋma sakɩyɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ. Eelɛkɩtroniiki ɛɛpɩzɩɣ kɩla kʋ-tʋmɩyɛ ɖeu yee lɛdɩmɛlɛdɩ nazɩyʋ ɛfɛyɩ kɔyɔ.
Nabʋyʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, nazɩyʋ wɛna walanzɩ nzɩ sɩfɛyɩ ɖoŋ yɔ. Pɩ-tɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa lɛ, nazɩyʋ walanzɩ nzɩ sɩkɛ mɛnfɛyɩ ɖoŋ n̄ɩnzɩ siŋŋ yɔ, sɩwɛ wazaɣ siŋŋ eelɛkɩtroniiki taa. Pɩtɩŋɛ payɩ mbʋ yɔ, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ lɩzʋʋ lɩɣna ɛzɩma mbʋ yee tɔm kususutu natʋyʋ ɛcaɣ se tɩtalɩ ɖoli nɛ ɖoŋ n̄ɩɩɩ nɛ tɩ-wazaɣ tɔɖɔɔ kɔyɔ.
Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa ɛyaa naalɛ n̄ɩnɩɣ size pala ndɔnjɔɔlɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ pɩlɩɩna tɔm natʋyʋ yɔɔ lɛ, pʋwɛna-wɛ size pɔyɔɔdɩ ɖoŋ.
Ɖɩɖɔkɩ ɖɔɖɔ se eelɛkɩtroniiki ɖoŋ kɩkpaɖɩŋ n̄ɩŋgʋ nakʋyʋ wɛɛ. Kɩkɛ nazɩyʋ tʋmɩyɛ labɩnaʋ tʋmɩyɛ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tɛ piliŋa nakɛyɛ. Kɩwɛ wazaɣ siŋŋ nazɩyʋ labɩnaʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋma piliŋa taa.


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Peekɛɛ
Peekɛɛ kɛna Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ patasʊʊ -tʊ yaɣ-tʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Peyijini. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Siini nɛ hayʊ kiŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa piyele tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa maɣna ɛzɩ ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 1 641 000 yaa kilomɛtanaa 16 410. Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, Peekɛɛ kɛŋna tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa politiiki nɛ ɛsɩkuliye kɩla wɛʊ yɔ piyele tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se Hɔŋkɔŋ nɛ Caŋgayɩ yɔ, tɩ-taa kɛ tɔsʊʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu kɩla wɛʊ.
Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ taa kataɣ sɔsɔɣa nakayɩ wɛɛ nɛ peeɖe pahayɩsʊʊ efabiya nɛ pɛlaa, pʊyɔɔ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2008 taa keteŋa kpeekpe ha ɛsa nɛ Peyijini tɛtʊ. Mbʊ yebina nɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ pazɩ ɖɩ-ñɔɔzɩ camɩyɛ Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ pɩ-tɛ pɩnaɣ taa. Pɩyɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ kɛ keteŋa kpeekpe taa ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩñɔɔzʊʊ tɔnʊʊ taa alafɩya nɛ hayɩsʊʊ yɔ, ɖɩɖaana lɩzʊʊ Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ se patasɩ aleɣya anaa labʊ pɩnaɣ 2022.
Siini ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa lɛ, Caŋayɩ tɛtʊ wayɩ lɛ, Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ tɩŋgɩna ɛyaa ɖɔʊ taa nɛ pɩnaɣ 2013 taa paakala ɛyaa kɛ peeɖe lɛ, paakpɛnda miloyɔɔnaa 21 150 000.
Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa naayɛ taa ñɩndʊ paɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩlakɩ tʊma nɛ Afrika keteŋa taa tɛtʊ, Amerika taa ñɩndʊ, Azii taa ñɩndʊ, Erɔpʊ keteŋa taa ñɩndʊ nɛ Oseyanii taa tɛtʊ natʊyʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩtɩŋga tɩkɛnda nɩɩnɩwa (50). Paya:g Peekɛɛ maalika yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Wang Anshun nɛ ɛtakayaɣ taa mayʊ kɔyɔ Guo Jinlong.


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Itaalii
Itaalii kɛna Erɔpʊ nɛ hadɛ kɩŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛyʊ ɛcɔnaa kɔyɔ ɛna se ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ mediiteranee. Pʊŋ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Alɩpɩ yɔ, ɛnʊ ɛtamasɩna Itaalii nɛ Erɔpʊ keteŋa. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Erɔpʊ ajɛya wena aɖa lɩzʊʊ lɩmazɩyɛ se Erɔpʊ ajɛya kpeekpe ɛkpɛndɩ nɛ awɛɛ kpam yɔ a-taa. Ɖɩwɛ ajɛya wena atɔkɩ eeroo yɔ a-taa nɛ peeɖe tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Room. Itaalii walanzɩ taa makʊɣna 301 340km2 kɛ mbʊ yɔ. Ɛyaa kpɛnda miliyɔɔna hiu waa looɖo nɛ taŋga nɛ nasitozo nɛ nɩɩnɩwa nɛ kagbanzɩ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2015 taa. Peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ kɩfalʊ payaɣ se Sergio Mattarella.
Keteŋa kpeekpe kacalaɣ you paɣzaɣ lɛ, Itaalii kaawɛ ɛjɛya wena akpɛndaa nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se Aliyansɩ yɔ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛɛ yem kpo. Pɩwayɩ lɛ ɖiyele nɛ ɖɩsʊʊ Tiriipili-Antantɩ taa. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ nɛ naanza pɩnaɣ 1915 wiye lɛ ɖɩtuli you kɛ OOtirisi-Hɔŋgirii. Pɩnaɣ 1917 talaa lɛ, Caama sɔɔjanaa tɛyɩ ɖama nɛ powolo se pasɩna Otirisi-Hɔŋgirii kɛ you. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ pawa Itaalii ɛlɛ kɩwɛɛ nɛ kɩcɛcɛyʊʊ nɛ aloma fenaɣ 24 pɩnaɣ 1918 wiye lɛ, Itaalii pazɩ kɩtɔyɩtɩ ki-koyindinaa nɛ paba ñɩʊ nesi se peyele you mbʊ.
Benito Mussolini kpaɣ kewiyaɣ lɛ, ɛtɔ se you fɛyɩ ɖeu mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kiiwokina ajɛya tɔsʊʊ hʊʊ taa nɛ pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ pɩtɛkɛ kʊñɔndɩna lʊkɩna se pɛwɛɛ ñɩm. Pɩkɔma mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ hiu pɩnaɣ1940 wiye lɛ, Mussolini kʊɖʊm ɛnʊ etuli you kɛ Aŋgiletɛɛrɩ nɛ Fransɩ. Ŋgʊ pɩnaɣ 1939 taa lɛ; ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩnɛ Caama ñɩnɖɛ paañɩʊ nesɩ nɛ ɖɩyɔɔdɩ kaɣlaa se se ɖɩɩtasɩɣ tuluu you nakʊyʊ pɩtalɩɛzɩ pɩnzɩ nanza yɔ mbʊ pʊ-yɔɔ yɔ se ɖɩfɛyɩna malɩfanaa camɩyɛ. Ɛlɛ ɛbɛlaba nɛ kutuli you ŋgʊ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ Caama sɔɔjana kɩlaɣ yoŋ wabʊ. Kpaagba ɖɔɖɔ mbʊ yɔ, patiwabʊ Itaalii sɔɔjanaa. Mbʊ yebina nɛ puwayɩ lɛ Itaalii se Afrika taa nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna tɛyɩ ɖama Itaalii tɛtʊ kɛ Afrika taa.


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Flɛrɔvɩyɔm
Flɛrɔvɩyɔm (yʊsaɣ mayaɣ kɔyɔ Fl) kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 114 yɔ. Ɛ nɛ ʊnʊnkandɩyɔm (Uuq) palɩ ɖama mbʊ IUPAC kaaya-wɛ ɖeyi ɖeyi, nɛ patasɩ-ɩ yaʊ ɖɔɖɔ se pʊtʊ 114 matʊ paɣtʊ taa. Palaba-ɩ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe lɛ pɩɩkɛ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1998 pɩtɩŋna pɩkpɛnda ɛ nɛ 244Pu(48Ca,3n)289Fl kɛ Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions (FLNR) ŋgʊ kɩɩwɛ Doubna, Moscou ɛjaɖɛ taa. IUPAC ha ɖoŋ ɛ-hɩɖɛ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kajalaɣ evemiye pɩnaɣ 2011 nɛ paha-ɩ ɛ-kpaagbaa hɩɖɛ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 30 pɩnaɣ 2012 pɩlɩna FLNR yɔɔ.
Pɩdaa pee yɔɔ ñɩnɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ kɩkpɛndɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ (JINR) Doubna Russi ɛjaɖɛ susi kɔlaɣ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1999 se panaza plʊtɔnɩyɔm 244 hɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ pɩtɩŋna kalɩsɩyɔm 48 nazɩyʊ sɩɣlɩyaa yɔɔ nɛ ŋñɩɩ kɔtɩɩ kʊyʊm lɩna ɛlɛ yɔ 289Fl. Tɔm patapɩzɩ pɛlɛɣzɩ-tʊ kɛlɛ pamaɣzɩ se tɩfɛyɩ ɖeyi ɖeyi nɛ paapɩzɩ palabɩ-tʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ paa ɛzɩmta. Ɛyaa kʊyʊma mba paɖaɣnɩ yɔɔdʊʊ hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1999 se pɛkɛza plʊtɔnɩyɔm 244 nɛ plʊtɔnɩyɔm 242 se pɩsa nɛ pala agbele naa lalaa.
Nɔɔnɔɔ labɩtʊ ndʊ pana flɛrɔvɩyɔm pee taa yɔ palaba-tʊ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1999 alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ŋgbɛyɛ kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩɖana paazʊʊ plʊtɔnɩyɔm 244 yɔɔ tʊmɩyɛ yɔ. Pala flɛvɩyɔm tɛ ŋñɩɩ kɔtɩɩ waa naalɛ, pɩtɩŋna pɔyɔka alɩfa 9,82 Me alɩwaatʊ ŋñɩɩ 2,6 s. Pɛcɛlɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe 288Fl pɩlɩna ndʊ paatɛma labʊ tɩyɔɔ, paɖanɩɣ kam ñʊʊ siŋ peeɖe pɩha waɖɛ nɛ pɛcɛlɛ-tʊ 289Fl.


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Pɔcɩwaanaa
Pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ 19 taa kɛ you sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ tuli Bɔɔcʊwaana ñɩma nɛ Ndebele cejewi ñɩma mba palɩna ɖooo Kalahari kañɩmbʊsaɣ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ hɛkʊ taa.
Pɩlaba mbʊ lɛ, laŋpɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ ñaɖaɣnlɩʊ alɩwaaatʊ ndʊ Poowɛɛrɩ hɔɔlʊʊ taa mba mba palɩna Transvaal taa pɔ;kɔɔ yɔ paɖʊ pɔ-nɔɔ lɛ. Kpaagbaa mbʊ lɛ, Bɔɔcʊwaana ñʊʊtʊ Khama III, Bathoen nɛ Sebele pama kobuka sɔsɔwa nɛ briitaaniiki ñɩma kpaɣ Pɔcɩwaanaa tɛtʊ nɛ pakandɩɩ ɖɩyɔɔ kpaɣ lakɩŋ fenaɣ 31 wiye pɩnaɣ 1885. Pɔcɩwaanaatɛtʊ ŋgʊ kʊhɔɔlʊʊ hayʊ kɩŋ ñɩŋgʊ pɩsɩna mbʊ payaɣ sɔnɔ se Pɔcɩwaanaa ɛjaɖɛ yaa kɛlɛʊ se Pɔɔcʊwaana yɔ. Piyele nɛ kɩ-tɛ hɔɔlʊʊ hadɛ ñɩŋgʊ lɛ kɩtamna Afrika nɛ kɩ-hadɛ kɩŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se l'Afrika Hadɛ kiŋ yɔ nɛ kɩwɛna peeɖe nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hayɩ kɩŋ. Peeɖe ɛyaa yɔɔdɩɣ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ payaɣ se setswana yɔ. Pɔcɩwaanaataa ɛyaa yɔɔdɩɣ Ɩŋglɩɩsɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ cabɩ ñɔyɔɔdɩɣ cʊwaana. Ɛyaa mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ lɛ, 71 kɛ krɩstʊ ñɩma nɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ lɛ, 20 mbʊ yɔ ɛɛlakɩ cɔɔcɩ nakʊyʊ.
Mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ 1964 kɛ Kiraandɩ-Pretaañɩ tɩsaa ndʊ Pɔcɩwaanaa komina kɔsɔɔla se kɩwɛɛ kɩtɩ-yɔɔ kpem yɔ. Pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ wayɩ lɛ, powona kpelaɣ ŋga kaɖɩcaɣyɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɛ Afrika hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa; pɩñɔtɩna Gaborone tɛtʊ taa.
Pɩnaɣ 1965 taa kɛ pɔtɔ caca nɛ Pɔcɩwaanaa hiu kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caɣʊ kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ 1966 nɛ weyi ɛɛkɩla lʊbʊ yɔ, pɔtɔ caca 1980 lɛ, samaɣ ñɔyɩ-ɩ nɛ palɩzɩ-ɩ se eɖɩ peeɖe samaɣ. Pɩnzɩ naanza wayɩ lɛ, paɖaɣnɩ tɔʊ caca nɛ palɩzɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ nɛ ɛnʊʊ lɛ Quett Masire. Pɔtɔ cacana 1984, 1989, 1994 nɛ ɛnʊ pɛwɛ lɩzɩɣ yɔɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ 1998 lɛ, ɛmaɣmaɣ eyele kewiyaɣ nɛ ɛcaɣ se ɛhɛzɩ. Pɔtɔ caca 1999 lɛ, ñʊʊdʊ tɛɛ ñɩnʊ Ɖajaa Festus Mogae kpaɣ kewiitu nɛ patasɩ-ɩ lɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ 2004. Ɛlɛ wayɩ lɛ kewiiu talɩna lotona-zeneraalɩ Seretse Ian Khama kɛ pɩnaɣ 2008. Wayɩ nɛ wayɩ ñɩnʊ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ kacalaɣ peeɖe wiyao pɩyalʊ.


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Etiyoopii
Etiyoopii kɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna Afrika nɛ kɩ-hayʊ kiŋ yɔ. Etiyoopii nɛ ajɛya nayɛ pɛkpɛnda kamasɩ. Ajɛya ana yɔ: Eriitree, Soomaali, Sudaanɩ, Suudanɩ nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ, Keniya nɛ Cibuuti ɛjaɖɛ. Ɖooo ɛzɩ Eriitree mʊʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1993 yɔ, Etiyoopii tatasɩ wɛnaʊ waɖɛ naɖɩyɛ kɛ teŋgu lɩm yɔɔ.
Afrika keteŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ lɛ, Etiyoopii kɛna ɛjaɖɛ naalɛ ñɩnɖɛ ndɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊʊ yɛ nɛ wena akɩlɩ walɩɣ yɔ a-taa lɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ yɔ naakʊ ñɩnɖɛ. Ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa wɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa akpagba 1 127 127 yɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɔyɔ Adisi-Abeeba nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛ pʊʊ sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ yɔɔ kɩ-kʊkʊyɩmɩŋ taa wɛ ɛzɩ mɛtenaa 2 400 yɔ. Kɛteŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ lɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkɛna tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩkɩlɩ kʊyʊʊ yɔ tɩ-taa naanza ñɩnɖɛ.
Keteŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ lɛ, Ariimenii wayɩ lɛ Etiyoopii kɛna ɛjɛya taa nɖɩ ɖɩkɩlɩ pɩnɩɣ krɩtʊ tɔm taa yɔ. Peeɖe ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba wɛɛ nɛ aapaɖɩɣ ɖama. Ɛyaa ɛzɩ kʊɖʊm naatozo yɔɔ kɛna malɩŋ. Peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ yɔ Ɖajaa Mulatu Teshome nɛ e-kewiyaɣ ñʊʊtʊ Ɖajaa Haile Mariam Dessalegn.


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Lɔsɩ Anzelɛsɩ
Lɔsɩ Anzelɛsɩ kɛna Etaazuunii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ natʊlɛ ñɩndʊ ndʊ tɩtɩŋgʊʊ Niyuu Yɔrɩkɩ ñɩndʊ wayɩ yɔ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Kalifɔrinii nɛ hadɛ kiŋ nɛ pɩwɛna lɩm hɛɛʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se pasifiiki yɔ kɩ-cɔlɔ. Lɔsɩ Anzelɛsɩ tɔbʊʊ sɩŋŋŋ kɛlɛ se «Ɖoɖoo Abiɖe Tiiyaa ñʊʊtʊ ɖicaɣyɛ».
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa maɣna ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 129 060 yaakilomɛtanaa 1 2 906. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩkɩlɩ walanzɩ kɛ Niuyɔrɩkɩ nɛ Sikaagoo. Pɩnaɣ 1887 paakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ kɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛ, ɛyaa kaawɛ 11 500 ɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 2013 paɖaanɩ-wɛɛ kalʊʊ lɛ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 3 884 307.
Ɛlɛ yee pɛkpɛndɩna ageeta wena acɔ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ nɛ ataa yɔ, ɛyaa kpeekpe kpɛndɩɣ miliyɔɔnaa 18,5 (18 500 000). Mbʊ yebina nɛ yee pɛkɛdɩɣ Etazuni taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʊ kɔyɔ, Lɔsɩ Anzelɛsɩ kɛŋna natʊlɛ ñɩndʊ ndʊ tɩtɩŋgʊʊ Niuyɔrɩkɩ wayɩ yɔ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa tomnaɣ taa hayɩsʊʊ nɛ alɣya tʊma wɛɛ sɩŋŋŋ nɛ pʊyɔɔ lɛ, tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa ɛyaa ñɔɔzɩ pɩ-tʊmaa tɔm napʊlɛ: pɩnaɣ 1932 nɛ pɩnɣ nɛ 1984. Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Lɔsɩ Anzelɛsɩ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa naayɛ ɛzɩ 27 yɔ taa ñɩndʊ ɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma.Payaɣ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Eric Garcetti (D).


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Azii yotu lʋbɩyɛ
Azii yotu lʋbɩyɛ kɛ lʋbɩyɛ tɩlɩtʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ sukuli. Papɩzɩɣ palʋbɩ-ɖɩ nɛ nesi yem. Papɩzɩ palʋbɩ-ɖɩ nɛ naŋgbanzɩ. Ɖooo caanaʋ tɔm taa mbʋ yɔ kɛ, yotu lʋbɩyɛ kpɛlɛkɩtʋ tʋnɛ paatɩlɩ tɩ-taa size, tɩpɔzaɣ lɩmaɣza cukaŋ n̄ɩna nɛ lɔŋ nɛ lɛɣtʋ maɣzɩm sɔsɔm. Nɛ pʋ-yɔɔ lɛ, ɛyʋ pɩzɩɣ ɛɖɔkɩ ɛ-tɩ. Mbʋ pʋpɔza keekee yɔɔ lɛ size, pɩkɩlɩ ɖeu se ɛyʋ eyele lʋbɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ yɔ yee ɛɛpɩzɩɣ kɔyɔ. Ɛyʋ ɛkpɛlɛkɩ azii yotu lʋbɩyɛ yɔ, ɛkpaɣ ɖoŋ siŋŋ. Karatee yɔɔ lɛ, lʋbɩyaa lɩmaɣza mpilim kɔyɔ size, palʋ nɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ taa lɛ, ɛwɛɛ alaafɩfa.
Tɔm piye Azii you lʋbɩyɛ kɛ lɛɣtʋ piliŋa kɛ Aazii tɛtʋ taa. Ajɛya wena a-taa lʋbɩyɛ aleɣya kɩlɩ tɔyʋʋ Erɔpɩ tɛtʋ taa nɛ Amerika pɛ-tɛtʋ taa yɔ, a-taa ɖɔɖɔ Sapɔŋ ɛyaa kɩlɩ tɔyʋʋ. Siini mba ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pɩtasɩna Fɩyɛtɩnaam mba nɛ Kooree mba wɛ sakɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ ajɛya ana a-taa.
Patʋla Aazii yotu lʋbɩyɛ sukulinaa ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ taa. Pilinzi ndɩ ndɩ wɛ Aazii yotu lʋbɩyɛ lɛɣtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa.
Cɛyɩtʋ ndɩ ndɩ wɛ Aazii yotu lʋbɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa.


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Jakarita
Jakarita (Englɩsɩɩ: Special Capital Region of Jakarta; Ɛndonezi: Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) kɛna Ɛndonezi ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ nɛ pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakala ɛyaa kɛ peeɖe lɛ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 30 326 103. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa mba paalɛɣ wɛɣʋ yɔ mba payaɣ se Betawi waa nɛ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩlɩna hɩɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Batavia yɔ ɖɩ-taa.
Ñɩnɩya ñɩnaa nɛ pana se ɖooo lɔŋ taa tɔm natʋyʋ wɛ Jakarita tɛtʋ taa nɛ payaɣ-tʋ se Tugu. Tɔm tʋnɛ pana-tʋ Jakarta nɛ hayʋ kiŋ. Pama tɔm tʋnɛ nɛ palava kʋnʋŋ taa nɛ tɔm tʋnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ panaɣ kewiyaɣ nakayɩ hɩɖɛ. Kewiyaɣ ŋga payaɣ-kɛ se Tarumanagara nɛ ke-wiyau kɛ payaɣ se Purnawarman. Wiyau ɛnɛ ɛɖʋ teŋu taa hɛŋga nakayɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛtana hiu yɔ. Pɩɩkɛ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ 5taa, pana hɛŋga ŋga nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlʋ Yeesu Kristʋ. Payaɣ Jakarita tɛtʋ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʋ se Djarot Saiful Hidayat.
Ɛzɩ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ lɛɛtʋ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, Jakarita tɛtʋ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʋ ɖʋ taabalɩyɛ nɛ palakɩ tʋm kʋɖʋma se tɔsʋʋ nɛ ɛsɩnda wobu ɛɖɛɛna poliŋ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ yɔ: Kasablanka (Marɔkɩ), Jeda (Arabisaʋditi), Navimʋmbayi (Ɛndɩ), Tokɩyo (Sapɔŋ), Pɛrlɛɛ (Caama), Sewuli (Koree nɛ hadɛ kiŋ).


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Tayilandɩ
Tayilandɩ kɛna Azii nɛ hɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-halanzɩ taa makɩɣna 514 000 km2. Pʊcɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ 1939 lɩɣʊ lɛ payawaɣ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ se Siyam Kewiyaɣ.
Tayilandɩ nɛ Birimanɩ pasɩnɛ ɖa-ma kamaɣ kɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ ɖɩwɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hayi kiŋ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ nɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Maalɛɛzii yɔ ɖɩwɛna. Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Kambɔjɩ ñɩnɖɛ, piyele nɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩwɩsɩ dɩlɩyɛ nɛ hayi kiŋ lɛ Lawosɩ wɛna.
Tayilandɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ ndʊ tɩkɩla pakɩlɩ-tʊ sɩm yɔ ndʊ lɛ Kuruŋŋ Teepi, ndʊ patasɩɣ yaʊ se Baŋgɔɔkɩ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdɩɣ nɛ ŋgʊ pawɩlɩɣ komina sukulinaa taa yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ tayii nɛ liidiye yɔ baatɩ.
Tayilandɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, weyi ɛkɩlɩ caɣʊ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ yɔ ɛnʊ lɛ wiyao Rama IX, kpaɣ ɖooo 1946. Peeɖe lɛ, wiyao ɛnʊ ɛkɛna Ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ, Sɔɔjanaa ñʊʊtʊ, ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Buudiyism yɔ ɖɩnɔɔ yɔɔ ɖɛyʊ nɛ kʊɖʊm ɛnʊ lɛ ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba kpeekpe yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ.


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Kiivi
Kiivi kɛna Ukurɛnɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 83 900 yaa 839 km2. Pɩnaɣ 2013 taa paakala ɛyaa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa, paakpɛnda ɛyaa 2 868 703 nɛ yee pɛtɛyɩ-wɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ nɛ ɛyaa kɔyɔ, ɛyaa 3 419 wɛʊna kilomɛta agba taa (ɛyaa 3 419 /km2). Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛpɔɔ ŋga payaɣkɛ se Tiniipro yɔ kɔcɔlɔ kpɛɛɛ.
Ɛzɩ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ lɛɛtʋ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, Ɔsɩloo tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʋ ɖʋ taabalɩyɛ nɛ palakɩ tʋm kʋɖʋma se tɔsʋʋ nɛ ɛsɩnda wobu ɛɖɛɛna poliŋ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ yɔ: Atɛnɩ (Krɛsɩ), Pratisilava (Silovaki), Prukisɛɛlɩ (Pɛɛlɩzik), Pudapɛstɩ (Hɔŋgrii), Sikaagoo (Etaazunii), Farsoovii nɛ Krakpovii (Polɔɔñɩ), Edimburi (Ekɔsɩ), Hɛlɩsinki (Fɛɛlandɩ), Kiyoto (Sapɔŋ), Leipzigi nɛ Muunisi (Caama), Mɔsɩkʊʊ (Ruusii), Minski (Piyoloruusii), Odansɩ (Tanɩmarkɩ), Paarii nɛ Tuluusi (Fransɩɩ), Pretoriya (Afrika hadɛ kiŋ), Riigaa (Letoni) Room nɛ Floransɩ (Italii), Sofiya (Pulgaarii), Stɔkhɔlm (Suyɛɖɩ), Taliŋ (Ɛsitoonii), Toronto (Kanadaa), Fɩyɛɛnɩ (Otriisi), Filniyusi (Lituyanii) Erevaŋ (Armenii), Almatii (Kazakistaŋ).


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Fɩyɛtɩnaam
Fɩyɛtɩnaam kɛna Azii keteŋa nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwalɑnzɩ taa makɩɣna ɛzɩ 331 212 km2 yɔɔ mbʋ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakali kɩgalɩɣ lɛ ɛyaa kpɛnda miliyɔɔnaa 94.
Ɛjɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hayɩ kiŋ lɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ wɛna kamaɣ yɔɔ piyele nɛ Lawɔsɩ, Kambɔɔjɩ nɛ Tayɩlandɩ kujomuu wɛna ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa kiŋ. Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Siini hɛkɛ nɛ hɛkʊ teŋgu wɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩliyɛ nɛ ɖɩhadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlɩŋ taa.
Fɩyɛtɩnaam tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Hanɔyɩ. Fɩyɛtɩnaam ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natutozo kpayɩ:
- Hayi kiŋ lɛ, Tɔnkɛŋ yaa ɛzɩ Pakɩ Pɔ nɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Hanɔyɩ nɛ Hayifɔŋ.
- Hɛkʋʋ nɛ hɛkʋʋ lɛ, Anam yaa ɛzɩ Truŋgi Pɔ nɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔɔ Huwe nɛ Taa Naŋŋ.
- Hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Siinisiini yaa ɛzɩ Nam Pɔ nɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Seyigɔɔnɩ.
Pʊŋ sɔsɔŋ nɛ pɔŋ weyi ɛ-ñʊntaa wɛ landammm yɔ ɛkɩlɩna ɖɔʊ Fɩyɛtɩnaam ɛjaɖɛ taa.


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N̄ɩɣlɩm sika
Ñɣlɩm sika kɛna élément chimique nɛ kɩ-mayaɣ kɛna 79 ŋga. Mayɩsɩ lɛɛsɩ hɛkʊ taa lɛ, payaɣ-kɛ tobi taa yem se Au. Ñɩɣlɩm sika kɛna kɛwɛ ɖeu kamaɣ fɛyɩ nɛ paa anɩ ɛsɔɔla se ɛwɛna-kɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ŋga palakɩn a liidiya nɛ kɛkɛna acana pʊyʊ ɖooo lɔŋ taa ɖɔɖɔ.
Pʊcɔ nɛ ñɩɣlɩm sika kɛna pamakɩ-kɛ nɛ kañɩlɩzɩʊ pɛlɛ pɛlɛ lɛ kaawɛ ɛzɩ putoo yaa kesi tɩyɛ yɔ yaa ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pʊʊɖɛ yɔ. Ñɩlɩm sika ŋga kalɩna kaaŋ weyi tɛʊ tɔɔ-ɩ nɛ ɛ-taa kaawɛ ñɩɩtʊ ndʊ yɔ. Ñɩlɩm sika kanɛ kɛwɛ ndɩ ndɩ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ kɛwɛ caaɣ yɔ: kapɩzɩɣ kɛkɛ filon, ñɩɣlɩm pʊnɛ pʊbʊ ñalɩɣna kaaŋ ultrabasique taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɩm ɖɔŋna ñɩzɩɣ kaaŋ pazɩ pazɩ nɛ pikpeɣli nɛ pɩpɩsɩ sika.
Ñɩlɩm sika ŋga patatɩɩlubita-yɔ, kɛwɛ ɖeu nɛ papɩzɩɣ pamɩlɩtɩ-kɛ yaa polubi-kɛ mbʊ pɔsɔɔlaa yɔ; pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, pɩkɛna ñɩɣñɩʊ ŋgʊ kɩsa miŋsiŋŋŋ kuhukuu yɔ. Pɩkɛna ñɩɣʊyʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ ɛzɩ sʊtʊ lɩm yɔ nɛ kɩɩmʊʊkalɩkɔdaɣ yɔ, paa kɩɩwɛ lɩm taa yaa awayɩ yem kɔyɔ. Mbʊ yebina kpem nɛ ñɩɣlɩm sika ŋga paa anɩ ɛsɔɔlɩ kɔ-tɔm ɛzɩ pʊyʊ yɔ.
Ɖooo ɛzɩ pɩlɩɣ ñɩɣlɩm sika kanɛ kɔyɔɔ nɛ papaɣzɩ-kɛ huyuu yɔ, pakpaɣ nɛ pamaɣzɩ nɛ pʊkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 2010 kɔyɔ pɩɖɛ ɛzɩ tɔɔnɩwaa 166 000 yɔ. Pɔtɔma se pamaɣzɩɣna sikiɖi pɔɔyʊʊ kɔyɔ, ɖaalakɩŋ hɔɔlʊ kʊɖʊmʊʊ ɖɛ ɛzɩ mɛtanaa nɛɛlɛ yɔ.
Keteŋa kpeekpe taa lɛ, Afrika Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ kaakɛŋna ɖenɖe ñɩɣlɩm sika kanɛ kaakɩla wɛʊ yɔ. Ɛlɛ sɔnɔ taa yɔ Siini ɛjaɖɛ ɖɛ-ɖɩ nɔɔ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩna ɖɩ-ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ filon pʊɖɔɔ siŋŋŋ. Pɩtɛkɛ Siini ɖeke, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ajɛya cabɩ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ.
Ñɩɣlɩm sɩka kanɛ maawʊʊ yaa ñɩɣlɩm momoɖe taa kɛ palakɩ ka-tʊmɩyɛ.


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Mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ wɛʋ
Anjaʋ waa nabɛyɛ mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ wɛʋ kɛna lɛɣtʋ ndʋ, tɩwazaɣ kɛlɛ size aseɣɖe tɩnaa nabɛyɛ ɛna cɛzɩm taa mbɩ yɔ kɛ ɛyaa mba peciɣdiɣ patɩ nɛ payaɣ wɛ size mɛmvɛyɩ mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ waa yɔ. Pɩtɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛyaa mba pɛwɛ ɛzɩ anjaʋ waa yɔ.
Mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ samaɣ ŋga, kɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ, mba pataɣ wɛɛ tɔlɩm nɛ pɛwɛ ɛzɩ, anjaʋ waa yɔ. Mba papɩzɩʋ pala mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ ndʋ yɔ, pɛkɛ mba pɛwɛna wezuu, piciɣdiɣ nɛ pɔɖɔŋ powolo nɛ pɔkɔ nɛ papɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ, pala kaayɔɔdasɩ laɣsɩ yɔ.
Hʋnʋ hʋnʋ laɣsɩ tɩna panɛ, pɛkɛ yɔɔdɩyaa siŋŋ tɩna nabɛyɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Hʋna hʋna lakasɩ wɛtʋ paɖaɣna lɛɣzɩnaʋ sinimaɣ.
Sinimaɣ kʋnɛ kʋkʋʋ lɛ, kɩɖanɩʋ wɩlɩʋ mɩnjɩ mɩnjɩ wɛtʋ tʋnɛ kɛ, takayaɣ nakɛyɛ yɔɔ. Samaɣ caɣ kilingli nɛ kɔcɔŋna mbʋ pɩɖɩɩna labʋ nɛ pɩɖɛɣ yɔ.


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Toovenum (vérité)
Payaʊ se toovenum yɔ, ɛbɛ payaɣ mbʊ ?
Ɛyaa naalɛ eyowa nɛ pama ɖama yɔ, pʊwayɩ lɛ, pañɩnɩɣ nɛ pana se aca lɛlʊ tɔm. Nabʊyʊ taa kɔyɔ, ɛyaa naalɛ yaa naadozo cakɩna nɛ pɔñɔɔzɩ-tʊ. Yee patanɩɩna ɖama yɔ, pekpeliɣ pe-cejewiye taa nɛ pɔcɔɔlɩ-tʊ. Weyi ɛca lɛlʊ tɔm yɔ, pɔtɔŋ se ɛ-tɔm sɩba. Piyele weyi paca ɛlɛ tɔm yɔ, peɖezi ɛlɛ tɔm, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛlɛ wɛna toovenum.
You taa nabʊyʊ ɛwɛɛkaa kɔyɔ, weyi ɛca tɔm yɔ, ɛnʊ ñɔɔzʊʊna mbʊ pɩwɛɛkaa yɔ payɩ. Yee po-you taa, nabʊyʊ elebina yɔ, weyi ɖɔɖɔ ɛca tɔm yɔ, ɛnʊ ñɩnɩna-pʊ nɛ ɛpɩsɩna weyi ɛlɛ wɛna toovenum yɔ. Lee wiyaʊ tɛɛ paya ɖama tɔm kɔyɔ, paɖʊʊ liidiye naɖɩyɛ nɛ pʊcɔ pahʊʊ pɔ-tɔm ndʊ. Pahʊʊ-tʊ lɛ, weyi ɛ-tɔm sɩkɩ yɔ, pɔtɔkɩ e-liidiye nɖɩ ɛɖʊwa se pahʊʊna tɔm yɔ. Weyi ɛlɛ wɛna toovenum yɔ, pɔtɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ ɛlɛ ñɩnɖɛ. Pʊ-wayɩ lɛ, weyi ɛca lɛlʊ tɔm yɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se weyi ɛ-tɔm sɩba yɔ, ɛcaa weyi ɛlɛ wɛna toovenum yɔ e-liidiye nɖɩ awiya tɔwaa yɔ nɛ ɛhɛyɩ-ɩ. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɛlɛ tacaɣ yem nɛ ewona e-liidiye nɛ ɛcɛlɛ awiya.
Yee pɩkɛ eveletu tɔm, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se yee ɛyʊ ɛsɩbɩna nɛ pacaa pazɩyʊ nɛ ɛlɛ kɔɔ nɛ ɛkpa nɔɔyʊ se ɛlɛ kʊna weyi ɛsɩba yɔ, pacakɩ cejewiye taa nɛ pana-tʊ. Weyi pazɩyʊ kpa-ɩ se ɛnʊ kʊna ɛyʊ yɔ, yee ɛnʊ kʊna ɛyʊ toovenum nɛ etisi kɔyɔ, pɔkɔɔlɩ-ɩ yaa palɩzɩ-ɩ nɛ e-leewaa nɛ poposina-ɩ nɛ ɛ-tʊtʊ. Weyi ɛkʊ ɛyʊ mbʊ yɔ, e-egbele tɩʊ kpakɩɣna-ɩ nɛ ewolo ɛcaɣ ɛlɛ tɛ pɩnzɩ nzɩ cejewiye taa ñɩma cakɩ nɛ paɖʊ se pʊwɛɛ se ɛtɛm-sɩ nɛ pʊcɔ ɛpɩsɩ ɛ-tɛtʊ taa e-cejewiye taa ñɩma cɔlɔ yɔ.
Ɛlɛ, yee weyi pazɩyʊ kpa-ɩ se ɛnʊ kʊna weyi ɛsɩba mbʊ yɔ etetisi se ɛnʊ kʊna yɔ, powokina tɔm ndʊ wiyaʊ sɔsɔ tɛ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se kantɔŋ tɛ. Peeɖe lɛ, paɖʊʊ liidiye sɔsɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ wiyaʊ sɔsɔ ha-wɛ waɖɛ nɛ pɛɖɛɛ tɩŋ ñɔʊ yaa kpɛzɩyɛ. Pazɩyʊ yaa tɩʊ weyi ɛkpa lɛlʊ se ɛnʊ kʊna ɛyʊ yɔ, ɛ nɛ weyi ɛkpa mbʊ yɔ pɛɖɛɛna tɩŋ ñɔʊ.
Powoki nɛ pɔkɔɔ lɛ, weyi pɩkpa-ɩ yɔ, pɔtɔŋ se ɛ-tɔm sɩba. Piyele weyi ɛlɛ lɩwa yɔ, pɔtɔ se ɛlɛ wɛna toovenum. Liidiye sɔsɔyɛ nɖɩ pa-naalɛ pasɩ wiyaʊ sɔsɔ tɛ nɛ pʊcɔ pɛɖɛɛ yɔ, awiya tɔkɩ ɖɩtɩŋa nɛ piyele weyi ɛ-tɔm sɩba yɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se weyi pɩkpa-ɩ yɔ, ɛcaa lɛlʊ liidiye nɖɩ ɛlɛ ɖʊwa yɔ nɛ ɛhɛyɩ ɛlɛ.


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Laʋ
Tɩŋ sɔsɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ tɩŋ kɩmaɣnaŋ nɛ tɩŋ cikpeŋ pɛkpɛndɩɣ nɛ pɛwɛɛ hɔɔlʋʋ kɩwalʋʋ nakʋyʋ yɔɔ nɛ payaa se laʋ. Laŋ sɔsɔŋ wɛɛ nɛ laŋ cikpeŋ ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ.
Laʋ kɛ ñɩm sɔsɔm ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ taa. Ɛyʋ pɩzɩɣ ɛcaɣ wezuu laʋ taa. Ɛyaa paɣzɩ caɣʋ laŋ taa kpaɣ ɖooo kpaɖʋʋ nɩɩlɛ ñɩŋʋ taa. Ɛyaa ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔ waa taŋa mbʋ yɔ, halɩ pɩɖɛɛ pʋ-yɔɔ kaca laŋ taa. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʋ yɔ, ɛyaa ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔ waa mɩnʋʋ nɛ nɩɩnʋwa caɣ laŋ taa.
Awayɩ kpɩna sɔsɔna nɛ cikpena nɛ sumasɩ sɔsɔsɩ nɛ cikpesi pɛwɛ laŋ taa. Laŋ sɔsɔŋ taa tuŋ nɛ tɔɔyɩŋ nɛ tudusi nɛ awayɩ naŋ nɛ kpoŋ nɛ awayɩ kpɩna sɔsɔna lɛɛna pacakɩ wezuu. Ɖɩnaɣ ɖɔɖɔ awayɩ kpɩna kɩmaɣna ɛzɩ namɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ ahuwa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ tɩkpayɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Awayɩ kpɩna cikpena wena ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩna laŋ taa ɖɔɖɔ yɔ, a-taa naayɛ hɩla yɔ : kozonzi nɛ puda naa nɛ fɔɔ naa nɛ yuŋ nɛ awayɩ kpɩna cikpena lɛɛna.
Sumasɩ sɔsɔsɩ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ sumasɩ kɩmaɣnasɩ nɛ sumasɩ cikpesi kudokiŋ ɛgbɔŋ ɛgbɔŋ cakɩ wezuu laŋ taa. Sumasɩ sɔsɔsɩ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ tataa naa. Sumasɩ kɩmaɣnasɩ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ makɩyɛ naa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ atenda ndɩ ndɩ nɛ kpeliŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ awayɩ suŋ nɛ lesi ajalɩ kɔkɔ naa nɛ hoomataŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ kpɩɩtɔlɩ naa nɛ abɛntɛ naa ndɩ ndɩ akpaŋnaŋcaʋ waa.
Sumasɩ cikpesi taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ pɩtɛɛyɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ ahowa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ kpɛŋkpɛsɩ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ awayɩ halɩkuku naa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ kʋdɔkɔyɩŋ nɛ atɛwa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ pɩɩdʋ naa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ hɩmcɩʋcɩʋ naa ndɩ ndɩ.
Ɖʋma sɔsaa ndɩ ndɩ nɛ ɖʋma cikpema ndɩ ndɩ wɛ laŋ taa ɖɔɖɔ.
Kayɩmasɩ sɔsɔsɩ nɛ kayɩmasɩ cikpesi wɛ ɖɔɖɔ laŋ taa.
Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ lɩm taa wondu ndɩ ndɩ paɣtʋ yɔ, mbʋ laŋ taa wondu lakɩ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kpɩna wena akɩlɩ ɖoŋ yɔ, atɔkɩ kpɩna wena alɛ fɛyɩ ɖoŋ yɔ nɛ apɩzɩ acaɣ wezuu.


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Namibi
Namibi kɛna Afrika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɖooo lɛ payawaɣ Namibi se Afrika-Wɩsɩ -Ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ kakpacayaɣna-ɖɩ 1884-1915). Pʊwayɩ lɛ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nesi tɛɛ nɛ ɖɛfɛɛɛ ɖɛfɛɛɛ lɛ kɩmʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caɣʊ kɛ lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kʊɖʊm pɩnaɣ 1990.
Namibi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Atɩlantiki tɛŋgu, hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Aŋgoola ɛjaɖɛ wɛna kamaɣ yɔɔ piyele hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ. Namibi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Pɔɔcɩwaanaa nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Sambii. Namibi takɩlɩ poliŋ nɛ Simbaabuwee.
Afrika kpeekpe taa lɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa kɛ ɛyaa takɩlɩ ɖɔʊ kilomɛta kʊɖʊmʊ taa nɛ pɩkɛ keteŋa kpeekpe taa kɔyɔ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɛ naalɛ ñɩnɖɛ. Namibi wɛ keteŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩ-taa, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Afrika ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ.
Paalaba ketiizaɣ sɔsɔɣa nakayɛ kɛ Dili tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 2014 ɛlɛ, pakpaɣ Namibi nɛ pɔsɔzɩ ajɛya wena pʊwɛɛ se acɔna ajɛya wena anɩɣ nɛ ayɔɔdɩɣ pɔrɩtigaalɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ.


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Aŋŋwana (Matière plastique)
Aŋŋwana pɩsa-ɖʊ mbʊ pɩwazɩɣ-ɖʊ paa ɖoooye yɔ. Mbʊ palakɩna aŋŋwanaa mba yɔ patasa-pʊ naʊ pʊɖɔɔ. Pʊcɔ nɛ polubu-wɛ lɛ, pakpakɩɣ mbʊ polukina yɔ, polimɛɛrɩ, nɛ pañaɣzɩ nɛ piyoli nɛ palɩzɩ mbʊ pɔzɔɔlaa yɔ.
Papɩzɩɣ pakpaɣ polimɛɛrɩ ŋgʊ cɩŋgɩlɩm yaa ŋgʊ kizida ya nɛ polubina aŋŋwanaa yaa wondu ndʊ palakina aŋŋwanaa mba yɔ. Sɔnɔ taa mbʊ yɔ poluba wondu sakɩyɛ nɛ aŋŋwanaa nɛ pɩwazɩɣ ɛzɩ mbʊ pɩdaakʊ ɛyʊ yaa pɩdaŋgɩ se paa ɛyʊ ɛtɔlaa lɛ pɩtaanɩ-ɩ yɔ.
Ñɩiɩtʊ natʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ tikotuu yem yaa tɩwɛɛ ɛzɩ aŋŋwanaa yɔ ɛlɛ pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ. Ɖooo lɛ pɔlɔwaɣ aŋŋwanaa mba pɛwɛɛkaa yɔ ɛlɛ sɔnɔ mbʊ yɔ paɖaɣnɩɣ-wɛɛ kpaɣʊ nɛ polubina wondu kɩfatʊ. Aŋŋwanaa lubiyaa hikuu pa-tɩ sɩŋŋŋ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ paykɩ nɛ pawazɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ paa le.


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Prix Nobel
Kɩyɛyʊʊ sɔsɔʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se « prix Nobel» yɔ. Pɩkɛ kɩyɛyʊʊ ŋgʊ kiyeki se kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛtɩlɩ weyi pɛhɛyɩ-kʊ yɔ. Paalakɩ kʊjɔʊ ŋgʊ paa weyi lɛ yem. Ɛyʊ weyi ɛlakɩ tʊmɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ naɖɩyɛ se pɩwazɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ, ɛyʊ ɛnʊʊ palakɩ kʊjɔʊ ŋgʊ. Papɩzɩɣ pala kʊjɔʊ ŋgʊ ɛyʊ weyi ɛlʊkɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe laŋhɛzɩyɛ yɔɔ yɔ. Palakɩ kʊjɔʊ ŋgʊ ɖɔɖɔ wondu ndɩ ndɩ lubu nɔmɔʊ taa kɩlɩyaa. Palabɩ-kʊ tɩlʊʊ nʊmɔʊ taa kɩlɩyaa.
Pɛtɛ palabɩ-kʊ lɛɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ numɔʊ taa kɩlɩyaa. Palakɩ-kʊ ɖɔɖɔ ñɩnʊʊ nʊmɔʊ taa kɩlɩyaa. Palakɩ-kʊ ɖɔɖɔ takayɩsɩ maʊ nʊmɔʊ taa kɩlɩyaa. Paa pɩnaɣ ŋga lɛ, pɔcɔŋna kedeŋ kpeekpe yɔɔ nɛ pana mba pʊmʊnaa se pɛhɛyɩ-wɛ «prix Nobel» yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1901 taa pacalɩ cɛlʊʊ kɩhɛyʊʊ ŋgʊ.
Paa pɩnaɣ ŋga lɛ, aloma fenaɣ taa pɛcɛlɩɣ «prix Nobel» mba pʊmʊnaa se pɛhɛyɩ-wɛ kʊjɔʊ ŋgʊ yɔ. Fenaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɖajaa Alfred Nobel sɩba yɔ, kɔ-yɔɔ tɔzʊʊ evemiye palakɩ «prix Nobel» cɛlʊʊ sɔnzɩ. Ɖajaa Alfred Nobel sɩba saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ hiu ñɩŋgʊ wiye. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se paa pɩnaɣ ŋga lɛ, saŋayɩŋ fanaɣ kɩyakʊ hiu ñɩŋgʊ wiye palakɩ «prix Nobel» kʊjɔʊ cɛlʊʊ sɔnzɩ.


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Tɔnɛ nɛ ɖɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla
Tɔnɛ nɛ ɖɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla kɛ payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ size, huyuu nɛ kɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla. Pɩkɛna tɛtɛ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ huyuŋ. Tɛtɛ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ weyi ɛ-yɔɔ nɛ hʋndʋ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, nabʋyʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, hʋndʋ fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ ɛnɛ ɛyɔ.
Hʋndʋ ɛfɛyɩ tɔnɩŋ ɛnɛ ɛ-yɔɔ kɔyɔ, ŋna size kalɩhʋnʋŋ wɛna yaa mbʋ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋbnʋŋ taa size "duvet" yɔ pɛlɛzʋʋna hʋndʋ ɖeɖe nɛ kalɩhʋndʋ wɛɛ. Tɔnɩŋ nɛ ɛ-hʋndʋ tɔɔla yaa ɛ-kalɩhʋnʋŋ tʋnɛ, tɩwɛwɛna wazaɣ siŋŋ kɛ ɛyʋ wezuu caɣʋ taa.
Pɩzʋʋna ɛyʋ size ɛcazɩ yaa ɛn̄ɩnɩna mbʋ esuu yaa ɛhuuzɩna e-tomnaɣ yɔɔ yɔ. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size ɛyʋ pɩzʋʋ ɛkpa nɛ ɛlabɩna tokonaa yaa pɩsaŋ yaa ɛzɩ wondu lɛɛtʋ sakɩyɛ yɔ. Ɛyʋ pɩzʋʋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛlabɩnana kalɩhʋndʋ yaa tɔnɛ nɛ ɖɩhʋndʋ tɔɔla nɛ keɖeyaɣ wondu ajana n̄ɩndʋ sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ.
Wondu ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ, palakɩna tɔna nɛ ahʋndʋ tɔɔla yaa kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yɔ, nɛ kalɩhʋnʋŋ nɛ pɛpɛdɩɣ yɔ pɩkɛ sakɩyɛ taa kpem kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ. Ɛlɛ nabʋyʋ taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ ɖaɣ kpɩna wondu huyuŋ yaa kalɩhʋndʋ.
Pɔn̄ɔɔzʋʋ kpɩna huyuŋ yaa hʋndʋ tɔɔla camɩyɛ nɛ palakɩna paa wondʋ ndʋʋ lɛ tɩwɛ ɖeu nɛ tileɖi ɖɔɖɔ alɩwaatʋ sakɩyɛ yaa cabɩ. Ɛyaa paɣzɩna kpɩna tɔnɩŋ yaa huyuŋ nɛ wondu ndɩ ndɩ labɩnaʋ sakɩyɛ kɛ ɖoo caanaʋ taa. Ɖoo Lɔn taa ɛya yaa kajalaɣ mba kaasɩma mbʋ size kpɩna huyuŋ yaa hʋndʋ nɛ atɛ kalɩhʋnʋŋ wazaɣ siŋŋ.


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Armenii
Armenii kɛna hɔɔ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se Kokaazɩ Cikpeluu nɛ kɩwɛ EEraazii yɔ kɩ-taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩ-ɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Turkii ɛjaɖɛ wɛna; hayʊ kiŋ lɛ, Zɔɔrzii; wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Azɛrbayɩjanɩ piyele nɛ hadɛkiŋ lɛ, Iiraŋ ɛjɛɖɛ wɛna. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Azii keteŋga taa ɛlɛ yee pɔcɔna ɖɩ-tɛ poliotiki tɔm, ɖɩ-ɛsa kuliye tɔm, ɖɩ-caanaʊ tɔm payɩ k;poyɔ, ɛyʊ naɣ se ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Erɔpʊ keteŋga taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ papɩzɩʊ pɔtɔ se peeɖe kɛ krɩstʊ tɔm ñɔɔ yɔ. Ɖɩwɛ keteŋga kpeekpe aŋgba nɛ taabalɩyɛ kagaŋ sakɩyɛ taa. Aŋgba ana yaa kɩgaŋ ɩnʊ ɩ-taa kɔyɔ: ONU, Erɔpʊ tɛ Lɔŋpaasɩyɛ ŋgbɛɛ, Ajɛya wena awɛ a-tɩyɔɔ yɔ a-tɛ taabalɩyɛ ŋgbɛyɛ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ 29 743 km2 ɛlɛ ɖenɖe lɩm wɛɛ yɔ peeɖe ɖeke talɩʊ ɛzɩ 4,7 km2. Kɔlaɣ fenaɣ 2016 taa pakala ɛyaa kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda 2 998 600. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔ payaɣ se Erevaŋ nɛ liidiya nɖɩ pɔtɔkjɩ-ɖɩ peeɖe yɔ payaɣ-ɖɩ seTram. Kʊnʊmɩŋ weyi pɔyɔɔdɩɣ komina tʊma taa nɛ pawɩlɩʊj sukulinaa taa yɔ, ɩnʊʊ lɛ Erevŋ nɛ Armenii.
Salaŋ fenaɣ 21 pɩnaɣ 1991 kɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ weyi palɩza-ɩ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 2008 yɔ, ɛnʊʊ payaɣ se Serge Sargian nɛ komina yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ (pɩnaɣ 2016) payaɣ se Karen Karapetian. Paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa kpɛnda ɛyaa 131.


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Yangzi Jiang pɔɔ

Yangzi Jiang (Sinuwa kɛlɛʊ taa lɛ: 扬子江, sɔnzɩ tɛ Sinuwa tɛ lɛ: 揚子江) kɛ pɔɔ ŋga kakɩlɩɣ ɖaɣlʊʊ Aazii kedeŋga taa yɔ. Ka-ɖalakɩŋ maɣna ɛzɩ kilomɛta waa 6.380. Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ pɔɔ ŋga se tɔlɩm kɩkpɛdɩm pɔɔ yaa Yaŋ-cɛ-Kɩyaŋ yaa Yaŋ-cɛ.
Pɔɔ hoɖe ɛzɩ 30 000 m3/s, kɛ ɖalakɩŋ kɩkɩlɩm taa lɩm pɔɔ natozo ŋga ɛjaɖɛ taa pɔɔsɩ kɩɖalasɩ taa Amazonii nɛ Niili pɔɔsɩ wayi. Kalɩna Tɩbɛtɩ nɛ mɛta waa 6621 kɛ Taŋkuula pʊŋ sɔsɔŋ taa ɛjaɖɛ ɛsɩndaa ɖɔmpɛ tɛ nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ ɖɔmpɛ tiba tɩ-yɔ yɔ.

Kɛdɛzʊʊ kilomɛta waa 6380 pʊcɔ kɛkpɛndɩ Siini wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa teŋgʊʊ taa, Saŋkayi nɛ hayi kɩŋ Siini tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ. Kɛtɛzʊʊ na kinghai kewiyaɣ tɛtʊ taa nɛ Yunnan nɛ Sichuan nɛ Hubei nɛ Jiangxi nɛ Anhui nɛ Jiangsu nɛ kɛtɛzʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ Chongqing nɛ Nankin nɛ Caŋhayi agbeela sɔsɔna tɛtʊ.

Kɛ-tɛ kpeem taa lɛ, kamʊʊ pɔɔsɩ kɩkpɛdasɩ mɩnɩŋ lʊbɛ tɛ lɩm nɛ pɩpɩsɩ lɩm kajataɣ kpɛlɛkʊʊ fɛʊʊ kilomɛta waa miiliyɔɔ waa 1,8 kpɛɛ ko. Paa pɩnaɣ ŋga lɛ, kɛwɛna se kapɩyʊʊ lɩm megbaŋ kudoku Siini teŋguu taa nɛ pɩkɔŋna mʊʊzʊŋ sakɩyɛ pɔɔ nɔɔ yɔ.


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Lɛɛtɔɔ (Laiton)
Kwivri nɛ sɛnkɩ pa-ñɩɣla kpɛndʊʊ kɛ payaɣ se Lɛɛtɔɔ. Ñɩɣla anɛ afɛyɩ kɩmaŋ kɛ ɖɔʊ taa yaa ɖalakɩŋ taa nɛ pʊcɔ pɩkpɛŋndɩ mbʊ, nabʊyʊ taa pisidi yem. Yee pɔcɔna sɩŋŋŋ kɔyɔ ñɩɣla lɛɛna sida lɛɛtɔɔ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ: pʊlɔŋ, etɛŋ, nikɛlɩ, kiɖoom nɛ mañeziyɔmɩ.
Pɩtɩŋga paɩ mbʊ yɔ pɩkɛna ñɩɣtʊ hɔmtʊ natʊyʊ. Ɛsɔmɩnɩʊ pʊkɩ lɛ pɩkazʊʊ nabʊyʊ nɛ mbʊ lɛ lɛɛtɔɔ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ kpʊzʊyɛɛ ɛzɩ tɩŋ hatʊ yɔ. Ɛzɩma lɛɛtɔɔ wɛɛ yɔ pʊyɔɔ kɛ nabʊyʊ taa payɑɣ-kʊ se kwivri sʊtʊ lɩm ñɩŋgʊ. Ñɩɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ tɩkpɛndʊ nɛ pɩpɩsʊ lɛɛtɔɔ yɔ pʊyɔɔ lɛ papɩzʊ pana lɛɛtɔɔnaa ndɩ ndɩ: tɔbakɩ, aɖisalɩ, ñɩɣyʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ cɩŋjɩnɔɔ yɔ yaa fulorantɛnɩ pʊrɔnzɩ, similɔɖɩ yaa pinkibɛkɩ.
Pɩtɛkɛ sɛnkɩ ɖeke taa kɛ kuwiviɖi pɩzɩɣ kisidi nɛ pɩlɩɩ lɛɛtɔɔ; ñɩɣtʊ lɛɛtʊ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ tɩ-taa kɔyɔ: aliiminiyɔmɩ, nikɛlɩ nɛ sɛkɩ, pʊrɔnzɩ ŋgʊ kwivri nɛ nɛ etɛŋ.


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Kɩbɩnjaazɩ Room
Kɩbɩnjaazɩ Room kɛ ɖɔɖɔ Room tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ maɣmaɣ kɛ kɩbɩnjaazɩ alɩwaatʊ taa. Paapɩzɩ patʊɣʊ kɩbɩnjaazɩ Room lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɛ latɛŋ ɛsakuliye. Ɛyaa agbeela a-naa kpaɣɖʊ 8 alɩwaatʊ pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu Chrɩstʊ yeba nɛ kɩwa hɛkʊ taa ɛwadɩyɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Erɔpʊ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ kpaɣna kajalaɣ kpaɣɖʊ ŋkɔɔ ntalɩ kpaɣɖʊ kɩgbaanzɩ pɩlɩna sɔjɔnaa yoŋ wabɩtʊ nɛ kokasɩ taa takayasɩ tɛ kɩpaɣlaa tɛ ɖama kpɛndʊʊ.
Kɩ-tɛ wabɩtʊ yeba kɩbɩnjaazɩ wondu yuŋ ndʊ nɛ matʊ tɛ aseɣɖe tɔm sakɩyɛ. Kɩlɛza kpɛlɩ wɩsɩ taa ɛsakuliye wɛtʊ nɛ pɩcaɣ mbʊ tam. Kpaɣnɛ ɖooo kpaɖɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ, Room ɛsakuliye lɩ wiyaʊ kʊyʊm kewiyaɣ nesi tɛ nɛ pɩpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe tɛ kewiyaɣ nɛ pɩtalɩna ajɛyɛ pajaɣ mɔyɔɔ ñʊʊ tʊ kʊyʊm kewiitu.
Ajɛyɛ pacaɣ ma-ñʊʊ yɔɔ ana ɖɩyaɣ se Ampiiri tɛ kiɖe ɖʊʊ pɩtɩŋna Auguste kɛna alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ ndʊ Room yoŋ wabɩtʊ talɩ ɛjaɖɛ kamaɣ yɔ ndʊ ɖɩɩsɩma ɖooo canaʊ yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe Krɛkɩ tɛ ɛsakuliye caɣ Roma ɛsakuliye yɔɔ hɔɔlʊʊ yɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩ-tɛ ɖoŋ kpaɣ alɩwaatʊ pɩɖalɩɣ pɩtalɩ ajɛyɛ lɛnaa wena pamʊ a-tɛtʊ yɔ. Kpaɣna kpaɣɖʊ 3 alɩwaatʊ ɛyaa mɛɛsa tokuli waa nabɛyɛ sʊʊ tuda nɛ hɔzɩŋ Room ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Ɛyaa mba palɩna Erɔpʊ nɛ Hayi kiŋ ajɛyɛ taa nɛ Azii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pɩsa nɛ palʊbɩna-wɛ lɛ, pɩkɛ-wɛ kɩjɛyʊʊ se patʊlɩ kaɖɩsɩ tʊma ɖɩlaɖɛ nɛ sɔɔja naa tʊma, mbʊ pɩtapɩzɩɣ pɩɖaŋ kpaɣɖʊ 4 alɩwaatʊ tɛ ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ lɛɛzɩtʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ paɖʊʊ Ɛsɔ tɔm nɛ pɩpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ kewiyaɣ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ. Pɩkpana Wɩsɩ Ɖɩlɩyɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ tɛyʊʊ pɩnaɣ 395 alɩwaatʊ kodudaɣ yon nɩɩyɛ ɖɩzaɣ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ tɛ Ampiiri naa pɩnaɣ 476 alɩwaatʊ taa.
Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩm pɩlɩna ɛzɩma laŋhɛzɩyɛ fɛyi ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa mbʊ lɛ, Ampiiri wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa wɛ Hispanie nɛ Gaule nɛ Bretagne nɛ Afrika na Hayi kiŋ nɛ Itaali yɔ, pɛtɛyɩ ɖama nɛ paa ɛjaɖɛ ndɩ lɛ, ɖɩwɛɛ ɖɩ-tɩyɔɔ kɛ kpaɣɖʊ 5 tɛmtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa. Ampiiri wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa hɔɔlʊʊ kpaɣna Constantinople nɛ ntalɩ Krɛsɩ nɛ Anatolie nɛ Siiri nɛ Egipiti paawɛ kʊñɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa.


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Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ wandamm
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ tɔm, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ tɛtʋ ndʋ payaɣ se Eerɔpʋ "méridionale" yɔ tɩ-tɔm pakɩlɩ maʋ takayɩsɩ taa. Ɛlɛ, pɩtɛkɛ yem nɛ pakɩlɩ-tʋ maʋ takayɩsɩ taa. Tɔm sɔsɔtʋ naanza natʋyʋ yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ pɩla se Eerɔpʋ "méridionale" tɔm pakɩlɩ maʋ takayɩsɩ taa:
- Kajalaɣ lɛ, Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa pacalɩ maʋ kuduyiŋ nɛ pɛ.
- Nabʋlɛ lɛ, peeye tɛ niɣkaɣ nɛ soŋaɣ pɛ-wɛtʋ wɛ wɛɖʋʋ ŋgʋ yɔ, piyeki se caanaʋ wondu ɛtaapʋʋ yem.
- Tozo ɖeɖe lɛ, Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa papaɣzɩ kʋnʋmɩŋ maʋ. Yee mbʋ, tɔm ndʋ pama-tʋ payɩ takayɩsɩ taa yɔ, petelesi tɔm ndʋ tɩ-taa takayaɣ nakɛyɛ.
- Kpaakpaa ɖeɖe lɛ, Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa ɛyaa calɩna labʋ lɩmaɣzɛ se pama pa-caanaʋ tɔm takayɩsɩ taa nɛ pasɩɩ pa-wayɩ n̄ɩma. (Pama Homère tɔm, pama Hérodote n̄ɩndʋ nɛ pɛtɛ pama Strabon tɔm. Pama ɖɔɖɔ pɔ-cɔzɔnaa sakɩyɛ tɔm lɛɛtʋ.
Samaɣ ŋga payaɣ se "sami" yaa "lapon" yɔ kɔ-hɔʋ waasɩ nɛɛlɛ kiɖe tɛɛ. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa caanaʋ tɔm n̄ɩnɩyaa nɛ tɩ-mayaa pɛtɛyɩ caanaʋ tɔm alɩwaatʋ ndɩ ndɩ taa. Kajalaɣ lɛ, tɔm ndʋ tɩɩwɛɛ nɛ pʋcɔ caanaʋ tɔm paɣzɩ yɔ, alɩwaatʋ ńdʋ payaɣ se "préhistoire". Alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ tʋtʋ wayɩ lɛ, "Antiquité" alɩwaatʋ n̄atɩŋɩ nɛ "Antiquité" alɩwaatʋ wayɩ lɛ, "Moyen Âge alɩwaatʋ tɩŋɩ. "Afrɩka ajɛɛ wena awɛna Sahara Kañɩnbʊsaɣ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ yɔ a-alɩwaatʋ nɛ amérindienne précolombienne alïwaatʋ nɛ Siini alɩwaatʋ nɛ Ɛɛndɩ n̄ɩndʋ pɛwɛ ndɩ nɛ Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa caanaʋ tɔm n̄ɩndʋ.
Paa mbʋʋ yɔ, wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ natʊyʊ naadozo lɛɣzɩna Eerɔpʊ tɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ ajɛya sɔsɔna lɛɛna yɔ.
- Kajalaɣ lɛ, polubu miŋ yɔ, pɩlɛɣzɩ Eerɔɔpʊ tɛtʊ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Polubu miŋ yɔ, pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 400 000 yaa 800 000 yɔ mbʊ yɔ. Pɩkpaɣʊnɛ mbʊ yɔ, patɩzɩɣ tɔɔnasɩ nɛ pʊcɔ pɔtɔkɩ.
- Miŋ lubu wayɩ lɛ, mbʊ payaɣ se « révolution néolithique» yɔ, pʊbʊ n̄alɩɩ. Pɩlaba pɩnzɩ 2 000 yaa 8000 yɔ lɛɣtʊ ndʊ tɩlɩʊ yɔ. Alɩwaatʊ ńdʊ tɩ-taa haɖaʊ tʊma pazɩ pɩkpa ɖoŋ siŋŋ.
- Nabudozo ɖeɖe lɛ, mbʊ payaɣ se «< révolution industrielle » yɔ, pʊbʊ n̄alɩɩ nɛ pɩtɛzɩ Eerɔɔpʊ tɛtʊ lɛɣzʊʊ kpem. Anansaayɩ wondu ndɩ ndɩ lubu alɩwaatʊ taa kɛlɛ. Pɩlaba kpaɖɩŋ naalɛ yɔ Anansaayɩ wondu ndɩ ndɩ lubu lɩʊ yɔ. Mbʊ hanɛ waɖɛ nɛ ɛyʊ wɛɛna ɖoŋ mbʊ payaɣ se « énergie électrique» yɔ pʊ-yɔɔ.


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Ɖʊm
Ɖʊmaa kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩna wena afɛyɩna nɩŋgbanzɩ yɔ. Po-tomnasɩ yɔɔ loza kpɛdɛ kpɛdɛ. Ɖʊmaa nabɛyɛ ɖaɣla siŋŋ nɛ lalaa ɖaɣlakɩŋ maɣna. Paaɖɔʊ ɖʊmaa ɖɩsɩ ɛzɩ pɔɖɔʊ sumasɩ yɔ. Ɖʊmaa sʊsaa nabɛyɛ hɩla kɔyɔ:
- koɖe
- cakpada
- ɖalʊ
- ɖʋmanʋʋ
Pʊwɛ se ɖɩtɩlɩ sise ɖʊm wɛʋ mbʋ yɔ, ɛñasɩɣ. Ɖʊm ñazɩɣ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛyʋ fɛyɩ ɛ-yɔɔ yɔ. Ɖʋmaa wɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ pa-patʋ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndɩ ndɩ. Ɖʋm weyi payaɣ se wɩsɩ kegbeŋga yɔ, ɛ-patʋ wɛ ɖoŋ kamaɣ fɛyɩ. Pɩtɛkɛ yem nɛ payaɣ-ɩ se wɩsɩ kegbeŋga. Yee ɛñasɩ ɛyʋ nɛ potowona-ɩ lɔŋ ɖɔkɔta yaa kɔɔ pɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ yɔɔ kɔyɔ, wɩsɩ kekpeŋ lɛ, pʋdʋ kpeŋ ɖɔɖɔ ; pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se pʋdʋ sɩkɩ pʋcɔ tɛʋ fe.
Laŋ nɛ ñɩtʊ pa-taa ɖʋmaa kɩlɩɣ caɣʋ. Yee mbʋ pɛwɛ ɖeu se ɖɩhayɩ ɖa-ɖɩsɩ wayɩ nɛ ɖʋmaa ɛtaasʋʋ ɖa-ɖɩsɩ.
Ɖʊmaa nabɛyɛ huzuu ɛyaa ɛza taa. Yee ɖʋm ehuzi ɛyʋ ɛza pe taa kɔyɔ, pʋdʋ yʋlʋmʋʋ.
Ɖʊmaa wɛ paa tɛtʋ wandamm ndʋ tɩ-taa. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se pɛwɛ Eerɔpʋ, pɛwɛɛ Afrika nɛ Aazii, nɛ Amerika Hadɛ Tɛtʋ nɛ Amerika Hayi Tɛtʋ pa-taa. Ɖʊmaa wɛ teŋgunaa taa ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛlɛ, pɛfɛyɩ Irɩlandɩ nɛ Ɩsɩlandɩ nɛ Seelandɩ Kɩfalʋʋ pa-ajɛya taa.


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Haɖaʋ
Haɖaʋ tʋmɩyɛ yaa hayɩm tɔmɩyɛ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "agriculture". Haɖaʋ kɛna samaɣ paa ŋga lɛ ka-tʋmɩyɛ. Haɖaʋ kɛ tɛtʋ yɔ tʋmɩyɛ kajalaɣ nɖɛ. Ɛyʋ wezuu keekee wɛ haɖaʋ yɔɔ kɛnɛ. Hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ taa pehikuu wezuu caɣʋʋ tɔɔnaɣ.
Paa egeetiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ŋtala kɔyɔ, ŋna size haɖʋ yaa hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ wɛɛ lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa peeɖe. Pɩkɛna tɛtʋ yɔ tʋmɩyɛ. Papɩsʋʋ tɛtʋ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɩ nɛ poɖuu yaa pɔsɔ tɔɔnaɣ kʋtɔwaa. Ɛjaɖɛ yaa kedeŋa n̄ɩm kɛna ɖɔɖɔ tɛtɛ kpɩna kɛ tɔɔnaɣ n̄ɩnʋʋ lone kajalaɣ nɖɛ.
Pahayʋ nɛ pehuu tɔɔnaɣ nɛ pɔcɔnana ɖɔɖɔ kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩna ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ. Kedeŋa yaa ɛjaɖɛ yɔ n̄ɩm wazʋʋ ɛyʋ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ n̄ɩtʋ nɛ cɔka mbɩ yɔ, pɩkɛna mʋzʋŋ kɛ haɖaʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Tɛtɛ kpɩna kpeekpee pɩndʋ ɖɔɖɔ kɛna mʋzʋŋ kɛ haɖaʋ yaa hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ taa.
Haɖaʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ sukili kɛ hɔɔlʋʋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa nɛ tʋma yaa kɩkpɛndʋ kɩ-taa tʋma sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ kɛ pɩkpaʋ nɛ ɖoo kpaɖʋ yaa wɛɛ hiu nɛ nakʋ (19) n̄ɩŋgʋ taa yɔ. Haɖaʋ sukili ŋgʋ kɩ-taa peeɖe pɛkpɛlɛkʋʋ haɖaʋ lɛɣtʋ, tɛtʋ mʋzʋŋ ɖʋʋ, tɛtʋ kɩ-pandʋ tɩlʋ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ haɖaʋ.
Haɖaʋ kɛ tɔɔnaɣ paa ŋga kaɖɩn̄ɩnɩyɛ. Peyeba haɖaʋ kedeŋa yaa ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ cɩnɛ kɔyɔ, nɔɔyʋ fɛyɩ size ɛpɩzʋ nɛ ɛ-danɩ caɣʋʋ yaa ɛwɛ wezuu. Tɔɔnasɩ kɩhayɩsɩ nasɩyɛ hɩla kɔyɔ : saamɩla, sona, mɔʋ, mɩsɩ, sooja, hɛɛ nɛ tɔɔnasɩ lɛɛsɩ sakɩyɛ.


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Komiinism
Ɛbɛ payaɣ se Komiinizim? Ɛyaa tɩŋa kpɛndʋʋ nɛ patɩɣyɩɣ ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩm yɔ payaɣ ḿbʋ. Mba pɔsɔɔlaa se ɛyaa ɩkpɛndɩ pa-tɩŋa nɛ patɩɣyɩ ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩm yɔ, mba lɩzɩna lɩmaɣza ana. Ɛyaa mba pa-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ se Karl Marx yɔ. Komiinizim lɩmaɣza ha siɣye nɛ mbʋ payaɣ se Kapitaalism yɔ. Kapitaalism lɩmaɣzɛ kɔyɔ se pʋwɛɛ se paa weyi ɛtɩlɩ se ɛ-n̄ɩm kɔyɔ nɛ lɛlʋ n̄ɩmbʋ kɛlɛ. Komiinizim tɔsɔɔlɩ se payaa se ɛnɛ yɔ n̄ʋʋdʋ nɛ ɛ-tɛɛ n̄ɩma yɔ. Komiinizim tɔŋ se pʋwɛɛ se ɛyaa tɩŋa ɩwɛɛ kɩmaŋ. Poyo you sɔsɔʋ kajalaɣ n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ kɩtaɣna kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ nɛ kɩtɛ lɛ, komiinizim lɩmaɣzɩyɛ lɩwa. Mba payaɣ se "Bolchevikwaa" yɔ, mba tulusina you ŋgʋ. Komiinizim lɩmaɣza lɩna you ŋgʋ kɩɩwɛ tɛndɛŋa tɛɛ ajɛɛ naayɛ hɛkʋ taa yɔ kʋ-cɔlɔ.
Kajalaɣ taa paaɣ lɛ, komiinizim tɔsɔɔlɩ se palɩzɩ nɔɔyʋ se ɛnʋ lɛ ɛjaɖɛ n̄ʋʋdʋ nɛ ɛ-tɛɛ n̄ɩma n̄ɛwɛɛ. Kʋsɔɔlaa se ɛyaa tɩŋa ɩwɛɛ kɩmaŋ, n̄ɩmdʋ ɛtaawɛɛ, kʋn̄ɔndʋ ɛtaawɛɛ. Liidiye tɔm fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Nɔɔyʋ nɛ lɛlʋ patɛyɩɣ pʋyʋ. Ɛyaa tɩŋa tɩna ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩm. Pɩlaba pɩnzɩ nɩɩnʋwa nɛ hiŋ naanza nɛ pɩnzɩ kagbaanzɩ yɔ, weyi payaɣ se Karl Marx yɔ, ɛlɩzʋʋ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ yɔ. Aloma fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1917 taa sɔsɔ Lénin ɖiya Bolchevikwaa nɛ pamʋ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ taa kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ. Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa peyebi yaʋ se Komiinizim nɛ payaɣ se kedeŋa kpeekpe politiki ŋgbɛyɛ.
Pɩnaɣ 1919 taa Lénin nɛ ɛ-wayɩ tɩŋɩyaa paya Komiinizim se "Komintɛrn". Mbʋ yɔ, pɔsɔɔlaa se Komiinizim aŋgba tɩŋa ɩla nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1922 taa "URSS" ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɔɔ. Nɖɩ cɔŋnana Komiitɛrn aŋgba tɩŋa yɔɔ. Aŋgba naayɛ kʋyɩ Komiitɛrn ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ, ɛlɛ ɖɩɖɩ wɛɛ ɖɩɖɛɣna ɛsɩndaa ɖɛnaʋ yɔɔ. Aŋgba wena akʋyɩ Komiitɛrn ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ yɔ, a-taa lɛ ɖɩnaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se "Gauche Koministi" yɔ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ nɖɩ payaɣ ɖɩɖɩ se "Trotskysme" yɔ. Lénine sɩm wayɩ lɛ, weyi payaɣ se Joseph Staline yɔ, ɛlɛ yaa ɛ-tɩ se URSS ɛjaɖɛ n̄ʋʋdʋ nɛ eɖiyiɣ Komiitɛrn ŋgbɛyɛ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe you naalɛn̄ɩŋgʋ lɩwa lɛ, URSS ɖʋ taabalɩyɛ nɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ nɛ panɩɩna ɖama se pataala ɖama you. Ɛlɛ, Caama ɛjaɖɛ maana taabalɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩkʋyɩ URSS ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩla-ɖɩ you. Pʋ-yɔɔ URSS sɔɔjanaa lʋba siŋŋ nɛ mbʋ payaɣ se "nazisme" yɔ, pɩtɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa caŋŋ. URSS ɛjaɖɛ kɔma ɖɩpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-sɔɔjanaa kɩlɩ ɖoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ pɩnaɣ 1945 wayɩ. Pʋ-yɔɔ kɩmʋ ajɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ Eerɔpʋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa nɛ alɛ pɩsɩ Komiinizim ajɛɛ nɛ URSS nɛ yɛ pala nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ pɩsɩ Komiinizim n̄ɩnɖɛ pɩnaɣ 1949. Kimiinizim ajɛɛ labʋ nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ yɔ yebina nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛɛ tɛyɩ ɖama huwa ndɩ ndɩ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se you nakʋyʋ kɛwɛ tɛndɛŋa tɛɛ URSS ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ajɛɛ lɛɛna wena akizi Komiinizim lɩmaɣzɛ yɔ a-hɛkʋ taa. Ajɛɛ ana a-taa lɛ, ajɛɛ wena akpɛndɩ kpɛm Amerika tɛtʋ taa nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se Etaazuunii ɛjaɖɛ yɔ, nɖɩ kakɩlɩna ɖoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe. Pʋ-yɔɔ ɖɩlʋbɩna siŋŋ URSS ɛjaɖɛ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Sovietiki n̄ɩnɖɛ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa taabalɩyɛ cɛba lɛ, Mao Zedong yele nɛ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ Siini lʋ lʋbɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ndɩ kpem. Komiinizim kɔma kɩkpa ɖoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ lɛ, ɛjɛɛ sakɩyɛ sʋʋ kɩ-taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ ajɛɛ naanza yɔɔ lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ kʋɖʋmɖɩyɛ wɛ Komiinizim taa.
URSS ɖaɣnɩ cɔlʋʋ ɛ-tɔsʋʋ nɛ politiki pa-nʋmɔŋ pɩnaɣ 1980 taa. Ɛlɛ, kɩ-nʋmɔŋ kɩfaŋ ɩnʋ iyele nɛ pɩtɛzɩ ɖʋzʋʋ Eerɔpa tɛtʋ taa ajɛɛ wena awɛ Komiinizim taa yɔ kʋɖʋzʋʋ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1989 nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1991. Pitisa Komiinism ajɛɛ hadɛ kpem, ɛlɛ, atamɩzɩ ɖama, atelesi Komiinizim lɩmaɣzɛ. A-taa naayɛ lɛɣzɩ hɩla nɛ a-taa lɛɛna n̄ɔɖɔkɩ a-n̄ɩna ḿbʋ. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ Komiinizim wɛ Kuubaa nɛ Fɩyɛtɩnaam nɛ Laos nɛ Koree nɛ Hayʊ kiŋ pa-ajɛɛ taa. Kedeŋa yɔɔ ajɛɛ tɩŋa taa lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ ajɛɛ lɛɛna taa n̄ɩma. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʋ yɔ, Komiinizim ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɛyaa ɖiyiɣna-ɖɩ. Tadɩyɛ nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɔsʋʋ ɖɛ ɛsɩndaa siŋŋ, pʋ-yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩwɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ajɛɛ wena a-tɔsʋʋ kɩlɩ ɖɛʋ nɛ ɛsɩndaa yɔ a-taa.
Komiinizim ajɛɛ yeba nɛ pɛfɛyɩɣ ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ siŋŋ, mbʋ yɔ, aatisiɣ se aŋgba ɛn̄ɔ pʋɖɔɔ nɛ paa weyi ɛkɔna ɛ-lɩmaɣzɛ. Ajɛɛ ana a-taa lɛ, Komiinizim ŋgbɛyɛ ɖeke wɛna nɛ kɩhaɣ kɩ-paɣtʋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ URSS nɛ Siini pa-ajɛɛ kɔyɔ, ɖɩnaɣ se a-n̄ʋndɩnaa, Staline nɛ Mao Setu, peyeba nɛ pakʋ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔwaa sakɩyɛ. Pʋwɛ kaɖɛ se ɛyʋ ɛtɩlɩ camɩyɛ mbʋ Komiinizim ajɛɛ wɛɛka kpem yɔ pɩtɩŋa, mbʋ yɔ a-lakasɩ taa nɛ toota. Takayɩsɩ nzɩ pʋwɛɛ se pɔcɔna sɩ-taa nɛ pana mbʋ Komiinizim ajɛɛ laba ɖenɖe yɔ, sɩ-n̄ɩnʋʋ wɛɛ kaɖɛ. Tɛndɛŋa tɛɛ you ŋgʋ kɩwɛ ajɛɛ naayɛ hɛkʋ taa yɔ kɩhɛwa. Takayɩsɩ nzɩ, pukuli sɩ-yɔɔ. Pʋ-yɔɔ papɩzaa patazɩ Komiinizim ajɛɛ lakasɩ taa ɖeu nɛ pana mbʋ alaba yɔ camɩyɛ. Ɛlɛ, piliɣtiɣ n̄ɩnɩnaa ajɛɛ ana a-lakasɩ tɔm taa tazʋʋ kpem.


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Kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ
Kedeŋga kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ lɩ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ kajalaɣn̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1939 taa. Poyo-kʋ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naalɛn̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1945 taa. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, kedeŋga kpeekpe sɔɔjanaa kpaɣ hɔzɩŋ ɖama yɔɔ pɩnzɩ loɖo mpilim. Kedeŋga kpeekpe ajɛya tɛyɩ a-tɩ huwa naalɛ taa nɛ ayou nɛ ɖama. Payaɣ kajalaɣ huuye se "Alliés" waa nɛ naalɛ n̄ɩnɖɛ se "Axe" ajɛya.
Atulisa kedeŋga kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ ŋ́gʋ? Pɩdacalɩ yem, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, kedeŋga kpeekpe kajalaɣ you sɔsɔʋ kalaba nɛ kɩtɛ lɛ, pana se "Axe" ajɛya kotulisina you ŋ́gʋ. Pʋ-yɔɔ Ajɛya kpeekpe Kɩgbɛndʋʋ Ƞgbɛyɛ, "SDN", ɖʋ paɣtʋ se "Axe" ajɛya ɩn̄ɔɔzɩ mbʋ mbʋ you ŋ́gʋ kɩlaba nɛ pɩwɛɛkɩ yɔ pɩtɩŋga payɩ. Pɛpɛlɩ-yɛ ɖɔɖɔ'ɔ kɩma ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ. Paɖʋ-yɛ paɣtʋ ɖoŋn̄ɩndʋ ndɩ ndɩ ɖɔɖɔ. "Axe "ajɛya ana, akizi paɣtʋ ndʋ paɖʋ-yɛ mbʋ yɔ tɩ-yɔɔ ɖɔm. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, Allemagne, Italie nɛ Japon pa-ajɛya n̄ʋŋdɩnaa kɔsɔɔla kpem se pamʋ ajɛya lɛɛna tɛtʋ nɛ pawalanzɩ pa-n̄ɩna. Peeye you paɣzaa.
Ɖooo hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ, kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ lutozo (18) pɩnaɣ 1936 taa you paɣzɩ Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ lʋbɛ (7) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1937 taa lɛ, you lɩɩ Chine nɛ Japon pa-ajɛya hɛkʋ taa. Salaŋ fenaɣ kajalaɣ kɩyakʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1939 taa lɛ, you lɩɩ Pɔlɔɔñɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pologne you ŋ́gʋ kɩlɩna nɛ ajɛya sɔsɔna sʋʋ you taa. Ajɛya sɔsɔna ana, ana'a yɔ: Fransɩ nɛ "Royaume-Uni" nɛ ajɛya cikpena kpeekpe wena ajɛya sɔsɔna naalɛ ana acɔŋna a-yɔɔ yɔ. Salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naadozon̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1939 taa ajɛya sɔsɔna anɛ asʋ you sɔsɔʋ ŋ́gʋ kɩ-taa. URSS ɛjaɖɛ n̄asʋ kɩ-taa pɩnaɣ 1941 taa, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, Allemagne kʋyɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ. Etaazuunii n̄asʋ kɩ-taa saŋgayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ lʋbɛn̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1941 taa ɖɔɖɔ. Pɩlaba se you taɣna kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya tɩŋga lɛ.
You ŋ́gʋ kɩpaɣzɩ hɛʋ pazɩ pazɩ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʋ lutozo n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1945 taa. Ɛlɛ, Caama ɛjaɖɛ pɩnɩ siŋŋ nɛ ɖɩlɔ ɖise nɛ pɩla se you paɣzɩ hɛʋ. Salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naalɛ n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1945 taa hɔzɩŋ ko siŋŋ "Asie Pacifique" hɔɔlʋʋ taa nɛ Sapɔŋ ɛjaɖɛ hoo nɛ ɖɩlɔ ɖise. Mbʋ labɩna nɛ you tɛzɩ tɛm kpaakpaa.
Ɛbɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ kʋnɛ kɩwɛɛkaa? Ɖooo ɛzɩ kedeŋ wɛʋ yɔ, wiɖiyi ɛyʋ tana you nakʋyʋ ɛzɩ you kʋnɛ yɔ. You kʋnɛ kɩtaɣna kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya ɛzɩ hiŋ loɖo nɛ kʋɖʋm yɔ. You laɖaa n̄ɛwɛɛ ɛzɩ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔwaa mɩnʋʋ mbʋ yɔ nɛ pɩɖɛɛ pʋ-yɔɔ. Ɛyaa ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔwaa hiŋ loɖo nɛ naalɛ mbʋ yɔ. Pa-taa lɛ, sɔɔjanaa tɔɖɔɔ pɩtalɩ mba pɛtɛkɛ sɔɔjanaa yɔ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ kʋnɛ kiyeba nɛ ɛyaa lɩmaɣzɛ lɛɣzɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ nʋmɔʋ taa. Kɩwɛɛkɩ tɛtɛɛ n̄ɩm sakɩyɛ nɛ ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ tɔsɩŋ pɩsɩna wayɩ siŋŋ. Kɩlɛɣzɩ ɛyaa lɩmaɣzɛ politiki labʋ nʋmɔʋ taa. Mbʋ mbʋ you kʋnɛ kɩwɛɛkaa yɔ, ɛyʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ ɛtɩlɩ pʋ-n̄ʋʋ ɖeyi ɖeyi. Ɖooo ɛzɩ kedeŋa wɛʋ yɔ, wiɖiyi ɛyʋ tanada ḿbʋ. Kiliɣti ɛyaa n̄ʋŋ taa siŋŋ. Sɔɔjanaa kʋ ɛyaa tɛtɛ kʋʋ. Wiɖiyi ɛyʋ tana ḿbʋ nɛ ɛna. Caama nɛ Yaapɔɔ pa-ajɛya taa sɔɔjanaa kɩlɩna ɛzaɣtʋ ndʋʋ labʋ kpem. Ajɛya ana a-taa sɔɔjana ku ɛyaa ɛgbɔŋ ɛgbɔŋ nɛ powona pa-pɩlɩŋ taa nɛ ponuutuu-wɛ nɛ paɖʋʋ-wɛ tʋma ɖoŋ n̄ɩna. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, pakʋʋ-wɛ tɛtɛ kʋʋ. Pa-pɩlɩŋ lɛɛŋ n̄ɛwɛɛ nɛ paɖʋ tɩŋ ɛ-taa. Pɩlɩŋ ɛnʋ ɛ-taa poku Yuudaa nɛ Slaves nɛ Tziganes pa-n̄ɩma nɛ powona nɛ pɔtɔyɩtɩ-wɛ nɛ paɖɩzɩ pe-lila taa n̄ɩma tɩŋa, pɩtakazɩ paa kʋɖʋm. Nabʋyʋ taa kɔyɔ, pokuu ɛyaa mba pasʋʋna ɖama ɛzɩ halʋ nɛ abalʋ yɔ nɛ powokina pɩlɩŋ ɛnʋ ɛ-taa nɛ pakʋʋ-wɛ kʋɖʋm kʋɖʋm. Mbʋ ɖɔɖɔ palaba halaa mba papa sʋʋna ɖama ɛzɩ halʋ nɛ abalʋ yɔ. Paɖɩzɩ patɩŋa, pɩtakazɩ paa kʋɖʋm.
Ɖooo ɛzɩ kedeŋa wɛʋ yɔ, wiɖiyi pɔtɔtɔ hɔzʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se "Bombe atomique" yɔ. Ɛlɛ, kigiluu you kʋnɛ kɩ-taa pɔtɔ-kʋ Yaapɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ, Hiroshima nɛ Nagazaki pɛ-tɛtʋ taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ kʋnɛ kiyeba nɛ Etaazuunii nɛ "URSS" pa-ajɛya tɔsʋʋ ɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ajɛya sɔsɔna ana awabɩna kigiluu you kɩlɛlʋʋ kʋnɛ. Ajɛɛ naalɛ ana akɩlɩna ɖɛʋnɛ ɛsɩndaa tɔsʋʋ nɛ tɛtɛɛ n̄ɩm nɛ hɔzɩŋ lubu nɛ politiki labʋ nɛ n̄ɩnʋʋ lɛɣtʋ kpeekpe pa-nʋmɔŋ taa. Ajɛya naalɛ ana apɩzɩɣ an̄azɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya lɛɛna pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ 45 mbʋ yɔ. Ajɛya sɔsɔna naalɛ ana alʋbɩna nɛ Aazii tɛtʋ taa Aaraabɩ ajɛya hiɣ a-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʋ. Ana lʋbɩna ɖɔɖɔ nɛ Afrɩka ajɛya hiɣ a-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʋ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 196à n̄ɩŋga taa. Alʋba ɖɔɖɔ nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya wɛɛna ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkandɩɣ laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ ɖiɣɖiɣ caɣʋ nɛ ajɛya kpeekpe ɖama nɩnaʋ yɔɔ yɔ. Alʋkɩ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ kandɩyʋ ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se "ONU". Ajɛya ana, alʋba ɖɔɖɔ nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya ɖʋ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩlʋkɩ liidiye lubu ɛsɩndaa wobu nʋmɔʋ taa yɔ. Payaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩɖɩ se "FMI". Kigiluu you sɔsɔʋ kɩlɛlʋʋ kʋnɛ kiyeba nɛ "Europe" tɛtʋ taa ajɛya wena awɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa yɔ, a-tɔsʋʋ huu nɛ pɩkɩlɩ ɛzɩ ɖooo lɛ yɔ.


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Kiŋ Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ
Kiŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ (paɖanɩɣ-ɖɩ maʊ se Ch'ing yaa Siŋ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ yaa Ciŋ kewiyaaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ, Siini kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, 清朝, Pinyin taa lɛ, qīng cháo, Wade taa lɛ, Ch'ing ch'ao, mandchou kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Daicing gurun, mongol kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, MaHж ЧиH yлc, kɩ-tɛ nɛ mandchoue tɛ), kɩkɛ kpaagba kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1644 ŋtalɩ 1912. Kɛlɛza wayi wayi Han kewiyaɣ nɛ Miŋ kewiyaɣ. Potula you nɛ Miŋ ɛyaa pɩnaɣ 1644 pazɩtʊ caca mbʊ lɛ, pamʊ kewiyaɣ ɖɛfɛɛ ɖɛfɛɛ Siini kpeekpe taa. Pamʊ Peekɛɛ tɛtʊ pɩnaɣ 1644 nɛ pasɩ politiki kewiyaɣ kɩfalaɣ, Kiŋ Sɔsɔ Ampiiri nɛ Siini wɛ pe-kewiyaɣ nesi tɛɛ.
Kpaɣɖʊ 19 hɛkʊ alɩwaatʊ naalɛ ndʊ taa, Kiŋ Ampiiri tɔla, ɛlɛ, pɩlɩna ɖama hɛkɩŋ taa yoŋ pɩtɩŋna ajɛyɛ lɛɛna tɛ seɣee waa yɔɔ nɛ pɩtɛmna se Xinhai waa tɛ kpɛlɩ lɛɛzɩɣ tuza pe-kewiyaɣ nɛ piyele Siini ɛjaɖɛ pɩsɩ mbʊ ɖɩsɩna-ɖɩ sɔnɔ yɔɔ. Kiŋ kewiyaɣ tɛma lɛɣla fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 12 ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1912 taa, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pɩ-wiyaʊ kpaagba ñɩnʊ kiza kewiyaɣ, mbʊ lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ loɖo.
Kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ kaañɔɔ ɛlɛ, pɩtɛkɛ Siini ɛyaa mba payaɣ-wɛ se Han waa yɔ tɩna kɛ-tɛ kiɖe. Ɛyaa mba pakɩlɩ ɖɔʊ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛlɛ, mandchous ɛyaa mba pɔdɔɖɔɔ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ ɖa-evema ana a-taa yɔ mba tɩna ke-kiɖe. Mandchous ɛyaa kɛ Jurchens (女真) liɖe taa ɛyaa, pɩkɛ toungouse ɛyaa mba paawɛ egeetiye ndɩ ɖɩ-taa wɛ nɔnɔ kɛ Ruusi ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlʊʊ tɛ ɛyaa tɛ nɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Heilongjiang yɔ kɩ-taa.
Nurhaci kaakɛ cejewiye cikpeɖe naɖɩyɛ tɛ wiyaʊ ndɩ Jurchen kɛ Jianzhou taa, kpaɣɖʊ 12 paɣzɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ. Vassal kiŋgi kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ tɛ, nɛ ehiɣ tɔm kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1582 taa nɛ mandchou cejewaɣ ndɩ ndɩ. Sɔɔjana yoŋ kɛ ɛyaa mba pɛ-hɛkɩŋ taa pɩsɩ kpɛlɩ ɛjaaɖɛ tɩŋga you, nɛ pʊpɔzʊʊ se pɛkpɛndɩ Jurchen nɛ Jianzhou cejewaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1616 pazɩtʊ taa ca lɛ, Nurhaci kaawɛna kewiyaɣ ɖoŋ sakɩyɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa mbʊ lɛ, ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛ-yaa ɛ-tɩ se Jin Sɔsɔʊ ñʊʊ tʊ ɛlɛ, ɛtɩɣzɩna Jurchen kɩbɩnʊʊ kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ.
Pɩnaɣ 1635, Huang Taiji kpaɣ Mandchou hɩɖɛ nɛ kɩ-tɛ maʊ kpata nɛ ɛ-yaa na Jurchen samaɣ tɩŋga. Pɩnaɣ 1636 taa lɛ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Ejéi khan, Ligdan Khan, mongol sɔsɔʊ ñʊʊtʊ weyi ɛsɩba pɩteleɖi yɔ pɩyalʊ cɛlɛ-ɩ Yuan kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ kɩɖaʊ ɖoŋ yɔ, Huang Taiji kpaɣ mandchou se Ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɛ-yaa-ɖɩ se Kiŋ Sɔsɔʊ, eyele Khan hɩɖɛ, wiyaʊ sɔsɔ tɛ ñɩnɖɛ.


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Kɔfɩ kɛna sʊlɩm mbʊ ɛyʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛñɔɔ nɛ ɖom ɛtaakpayɩ yɔ. Kɔfɩ tɩʊ lʊlʊʊ na pee ana.
Kɔfɩ haɖaʊ tɔya ajɛya wena a-taa wɩsɩ ñakɩ camɩyɛ yɔ. Pahayʊʊ kɔfɩ yɔ, pɛɖɛʊ na-kɩ-pee ajɛya lɛɛna taa nɛ pʊcɔ pɛpɛdɩ-yɛ. Kɔfɩ kɛna tɔɔnasɩ taa tɔɔnaɣ ŋga pakɩlɩɣ pɛdʊ ajɛya sɔsɔna kɩyakɩŋ taa yɔ. Kɩkɛna ñɩm sɔsɔm kɛ ajɛya wena ahayɩɣ-kʊ yɔ. Kaɖazim wayɩ lɛ, kɔfɩ pakɩlɩɣ pɛdɩɣ ajɛya kpeekpe taa; ɛlɛ tɔm tʊnɛ yɔ, ñɩnɩyaa sakɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ paatɩsɩɣ tʊyɔɔ caamɩyɛ nɛ paɖɩɣna ñɩnɩɣ se pana se toovenim mbʊ lɛ?
Main exporters by country in 2015/16[ñɔɔzɩ | ñɔɔzɩ wikicode]


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UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ
Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya ɖʋ ɲgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ nɛ fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa se UNESCO. Ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩlʋkɩ se sukuli labʋ nɛ lɛɣtʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɛ ɛsakuliye pa-tʋma ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kpɛndʋʋ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se ONU yɔ, ɖɩlabɩna tamaɣ nɛ UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ ñɔ. kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ loɖo (16), pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa paɖʋ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ yebina nɛ ɛyaa lɩzɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ se UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ ɛñɔ. Toovenum lɛ, kedeŋa kpeekpe you kɩlɛlʋʋ wɔɖɔsa mbʋ yɔ, pɩfɛyɩ yɔɔdʋʋ. Ɛyaa miiliyaarɩ waa ɛgbɔŋ ɛgbɔŋ lesi pe-weziŋ. Piyele wondu ndɩ ndɩ ndʋ yoŋ ŋ́gʋ kɩnaŋaa yɔ, tɩfɛyɩ kalʋʋ kpem. Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya tɔsɩŋ tii kpakuu wiluu tɩyɛ.
UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ tamaɣ kɔyɔ se kalʋ siŋŋ nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ ɖiɣɖiɣ caɣʋ pɛwɛɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ. Pʋ-nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, pʋpɔzʋʋ se sukuli labʋ ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa siŋŋ. Ɛyʋ ɛlaba sukuli nɛ ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa kɔyɔ, ɛtɩlɩɣ lɛɣtʋ siŋŋ nɛ ɛna se you fɛyɩna kazʋwa nakɛyɛ. Pʋpɔzʋʋ ɖɔɖɔ se, pokuli ɛza siŋŋ lɛɣtʋ nɛ ɛzakuliye pa-tʋma nʋmɔŋ taa.
UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ lʋkɩ ɖɔɖɔ se taabalɩyɛ nɛ aŋgba pɛwɛɛ ajɛya kpeekpe hɛkɩŋ. UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ lʋkɩ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ se paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩña siɣsiɣ wɛtʋ paɣtʋ. Ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩlʋkɩ ɖɔɖɔ se ɖɩña ɛyʋ waɖɛ paɣtʋ. UNESCO tamaɣ sɔsaɣ kɔyɔ se ɖɩlʋ siŋŋ nɛ ɛyaa hɛkɩŋ taa tɛyɩtʋ sɩɩ tɩnaɣ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩɩsɩŋ anasaayɩ, ɖɩɩsɩŋ ɛyʋ kɩkpɛdʋ, ɖɩɩsɩŋ ɛyʋ kʋhʋlʋm, ɖɩɩsɩŋ sʋtʋ tɔlɩm tɩnaa. Ɖɩɩsɩŋ abalʋ, ɖɩɩsɩŋ halʋ. Ɖɩɩsɩŋ malʋʋ, ɖɩɩsɩŋ Krɩstʋ tʋ, ɖɩɩsɩŋ sɩɩnaa layʋ. UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ ɛɛsɩŋ ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋʋ, ɛɛsɩŋ ɛ-tɛɛ tʋ, ɛɛsɩŋ paɣtʋ lɩzɩyaa ñʋʋdʋ, ɛɛsɩŋ minisi, ɛɛsɩŋ tʋma sɔsɔna ndɩ ndɩ ñʋndɩnaa, ɛɛsɩŋ kpaɣ ŋcɛlɛm. Tobi taa se, UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ cɔlɔ lɛ, ñɩm tʋ fɛyɩ, kʋñɔŋ tʋ fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se nɔɔyʋ fɛyɩ paɣtʋ ñʋʋ yɔɔ, pʋwɛɛ se tɩmakɩ paa weyi kɩmaŋ.
UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ tʋma ñʋʋ wɛ Paarii taa. Pɩnaɣ 2015 ñɩŋa taa lɛ, kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ajɛya 195 kɛwɛna UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ taa.


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Ñamɩyɛ nɛ calɩm hosi kʊdɔŋ (maladie cardio-vasculaire)
Ñamɩyɛ nɛ calɩm hosi kʊdɔmɩŋ kɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ weyi ɛkpaɣ hɔyɛ nɛ calɩm hosi ɛyʊ tɔmnaɣ taa. Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ ajɛyɛ taa lɛ, tɔmpiye kɛlɛʊ kɛlɛ se ñamɩyɛ calʊʊ calɩm hoka kʊdɔŋ, ŋgʊ tɩna laŋgɩyɛ taa wɩzasɩ kʊdɔŋ yaa ɖɔɖɔ kaɖɩtʊ kʊɖɔmɩŋ.
Kʊdɔmɩŋ ɛ-nʊ ɛkɩlɩɣ kpaʊ ɛyaa panɛyɔ, nesi tɛ tʊmaɣ laɖaa nɛ kʊzɔɔtʊ lonaa taa ɛyaa mba paafezɩɣ heelim kɩbam yɔ nɛ ɛyaa mba pakɩlɩɣ paɣlʊʊ yɔ. Pɛ-tɛ tɩlasɩ kɩkpaɖasɩ pɩnaɣ taa ɖɔ sakɩyɛ (ɛzɩ ɖɩkpaɣ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa mbʊ yɔ, kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 20 tɛmtʊ taa kɛ Nord-pas-de-Calais nɛ Alsace hɔɔlɩŋ taa, ageetaa naalɛ kɩkɩlɩɣ kpaʊ ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋga taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pɩcɛɣdɛ kʊdɔŋ. Kʊdɔŋ kɩwɛ kʊdɔmɩŋ weyi ɛhaɣ ɛyʊ alɩwaatʊ se ɛ-kɩyakɩŋ ɛɖalɩɣ yɔ ɛ-tɛ fezuu caɣʊʊ taa yɔ. Kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩtɩna se halɩpiyaa sakɩyɛ ɛpɩsɩɣ kɩmɛlɩmɩŋ.
Kʊdɔŋ kɩ-taɣnɛ Fransii ɛjaɖɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kʊkʊ ɛyaa kpanɖaŋ sakɩyɛ. Kɩkɛ kʊdɔŋ naalɛ ŋgʊ kɛ pɩcɛɣɖɛ wayɩ ŋgʊ kɩ-kɩlɩɣ kʊʊ abalaa yɔ nɛ kajalaɣ kʊdɔŋ ŋngʊ kɩ-kɩlɩɣ kʊʊ halaa yɔ (pɩnaɣ 2008 wɩlɩɣ taa lɛ). Eerɔpʊ taa lɛ, kɩkɛ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kʊkʊ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ yɔ (ɖɩkpaɣ akpadɩyaa pɩnzɩ 75 tɩna kɔyɔ, ɛyaa naatozo yɔ lɛ, kʊyʊm sɩkɩna kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ).
Kedeŋga taa ŋgbɛɛ ndɩ ɖɩlʊkɩ tɔnʊʊ taa alaafɩya ñɩnʊʊ yɔɔ yɔ ndɩ payaɣ se OMS ŋgbɛyɛ tɛ akɔnta labʊ taa yɔ ɖɩtɔŋ se ɛyaa 1/3 tɛ sɩm lɩnɛ ñamɩyɛ nɛ calɩm hosi kʊdɔmɩŋ cɔlɔ pɩlɩna. Pʊtʊnaa mba peyekaɣ kʊdɔŋ ŋgʊ kɩpɩzɩɣ ɛyaa yɔ tɛ pasʊʊ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɖɔkɔtɔ naa ɖoŋ sɩnaa nɛ kʊdɔŋ kɩpasɩ nɛ pɩɖaŋ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ sɩm Etaazuuni ajɛyɛ taa pɩnzɩ 1980 nɛ 2000 taa. Ɛjaɖɛ kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ ndɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛyaa 1/3 tɛ sɩm lɩna ñamɩyɛ nɛ calɩm hoka kʊdɔŋ cɔlɔ. Ɛyaa 1/5 tɛ sɩm lɩna ñamɩyɛ calʊʊ calɩm hoka cɔlɔ. Ɛyaa 1/8 tɛ sɩm lɩna laŋgɩyɛ kʊdɔŋ cɔlɔ (pɩnaɣ 2005 wɩlɩyɛ).
Yee sɩnɩyaa nabɛyɛ kaawɛ nɛ pasɩna ɛyaa kajalaɣ wɩzasɩ taa kɔyɔ, ɖɩmazaɣ se ɛyaa taakɩlɩɣ sɩbʊʊ pʊɖɔɔ. Mbʊ piyeki nɛ ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ sɩbʊʊ nɛ ñamɩyɛ nɛ calɩm hosi kʊɖɔŋ yɔ mbʊ yɔ, hosaɣ lɩm kɩ-kɩlɩm ɖɔʊ nɛ calɩm kɩlɩɣ ɖɔʊ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa nɛ sikiri hɩm kʊdɔŋ nɛ yuŋ kɩkɩlɩm nɛ taba kʊyɔɔ paa kakʊʊ yaa kaakʊʊ.
Ñamɩyɛ nɛ calɩm kʊdɔmɩŋ lɩna wɛtʊ naa mba ɖɩtɛm pɔtɔm yɔɔdʊʊ pɩɖɛɛ yɔ tɛ kpɛndʊʊ nɛ pɩkɔŋna tɩlasɩ siŋ lʊlʊʊ taa ɖɛzɩtʊ nɛ tomnaɣ kiɖe num tʊmɩyɛ tɛ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ taa. Piyeki nɛ pɩkpazɩɣ ɖoŋ sakɩyɛ calɩm hoka kɩmabaɣ nɛ pɩpɔzɩɣ se paɖanɩ ciiduu nɛ pɔcɔlɩ calɩm hosi kɩfasɩ.