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Anẓiḍ amaziɣ
Anẓiḍ amaziɣ nɣ Akbur amaziɣ iga yan wanaw zzɣ afrruy n inẓiḍen n wakal, d irxa ad ittussan s imzgan nns imẓẓin d wazzar nns i ttggan ablbac nɣd aqwi d llan gis kra n iwnɣan isggann nɣd iqqhwin s tɣzi .
Assaɣn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Assaɣ amassan: Atlantuxerus getulus. Anẓiḍ abarbari - anẓiḍ n laṭlas - anẓid amaziɣ ... Ɣ kra n tasgiwin ɣ sus d laṭlas ar as ttinin " anẓiḍ " nɣd " agbur " d dar tasga n (taza) ar as ttinin "cefcn" d g lqbayel ar as ttinin "cebirdu" .
Tikli[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Anẓiḍ amaziɣ iga yan umudr ifssusn ɣ umussu nns, d mqqar a yettkka tugtt n tizi nns g wakal macc ar yaqqʷlay s idɣarn yattuyn afad ad dars tili tannayt ifulkin i mad illan d ma ittmussun g udɣar nna g izdeɣ . Ar ittddr unẓiḍ amaziɣ g terubba zzɣ 10 ar 20 n wanẓiḍ, d ar ttmunn g tizi iɣ a ggʷann g ifratn nnsn gr iẓṛan, d ittussan is a yettili g tesgiwin yaẓen yiḍuṛan. Ar itmussu wanẓiḍ amziɣ g uzal macc ar bahra ittmussu iɣ-d teɣʷli tefukt nɣd iɣ ar a ttruḥ affad ad yanf i tirɣi n tefukt ɣ uzal.
Aksay d taẓḍuyt[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar tlkkm tiɣzi unẓiḍ amaziɣ imtrugn zzɣ 20 ar 25 cm bla acṭṭab ilkkmn gr 15 ar 20 cm, d ar tlkkm taẓḍuyt nns zzɣ 200 ar 300 Gram.
Tirmt[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Utci nns ɣ tasila iga amsicekan zund: Amud [Amud n ujddig n tafukt], [Adrn - Agrgaɛ - Ikikd], d igumma zund [Adffuy d Tiyni ...], d icakan zund [Tirkmin - Talluɣda d Xizzu] d ar ictta ula ibuxxucn zund tammurɣi, d iqqjdar d tiglay n yigḍaḍ, macc ɣ Lmɣrib ittussan mas iḥmel aqqayn n wargan .
Azmz n tudrt nns[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar ittddr wanẓiḍ amaziɣ zzɣ 3 isggʷasn ar 5 nɣd 6 n isggʷasn.
Imudar it icttan[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Llan kigan n imudar icttan anẓiḍ amaziɣ zund: Abaɣuɣ - aswwan - tamdda - tawwukt - igider - ilgmaḍn.
Talalit[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar issnti usggʷas n litihal ɣ "bṛayer" d ar ittkka isiy zzɣ 14 ar 16 n wass, d ar ttffuyyuɣn warrawn ɣ isddi nɣd ifri ɣ imallas wiss smmus nɣd sḍis d ar ittqqiḍi usumm g yimalass wiss sa .
Asnmata ajeyugrafi[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tessiḍn (tamuni tamaḍlant n uḥṭṭu n ugama) mas a yettddr aɣar ɣ Lmɣrib d Dzayr d Tigzirin Tikanariyin, d slawann akkʷ g Lmɣrib iɣ bahra iggut g idrarn n laṭlas ( imẓẓin d umqqran d umjahdi ).


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Lislam
Iga Lislam nɣ Islam (s tfinaɣ : « ⵍⵙⵍⵎ »[1] ; s tɛrabt : الإسلام) yan ddin abrahmiy ittuḥḥadn rbbi. Yiwit-id urqqas Muḥmmad , ar ttinin i wanna iḍfarn ddin ad "amslm" nɣ iɣ guttn "imuslmn".
Ar isslmad Lislam is rbbi iga yan d ur illi kra n rbbi bla Allah (s tɛrabt : الله), d is iga Muḥmmad arqqas nns iggz fllas Lquran s tɣarast n unglus Jibril . Tga tugtt n imaziɣn imuslmn.
Ibidd lislam f smmust trsal[2] :
- Tugga (accahadah) : Ad ichhd ufgan ad yini mas ur illi kra n rbbi abla Allah (la ilaha illa allah ), d is iga muḥmmd arqqas nns (wa muḥammad rasul allah) ;
- Taẓallit (aṣṣalat) : Ad iẓẓall umuslm tiẓalliwin n wass s smmus idsnt ;
- Takuti (azzakat) : Ad yaws ufgan s iqariḍn nɣ mad dark ilan atig i winna yusrn d imẓlaḍn ;
- Uẓum (aṣṣawm): Ad yaẓum ufgan wayyur n rmḍan ;
- Arzzf (lḥijj) : Ad ikk umuslm mkka, iḥujju-d, iɣ as yufa
Amuslm iga ufgan nna iḍfrn ddin n lislam, isslmn iman nns i rbbi. Iddad ism n lislam zɣ tutlayt taɛrabt (amyiwn: Muslim) (amagut: muslimūn / īn) . Llan mad yaẓn i 1,8 mlyar n imslmn ɣ umaḍal[3]. Gr 80% d 85% gisn gan isunniyn, ilin ula iciɛiyn ɣ kigan n tmizar n umaḍal, ggutn ɣ tmazirt n Iran d Ɛiraq d Lubnan.
Taẓallit[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar iẓẓal umuslm smuss twal ɣ wass, iqqand fllas atn iẓẓal ɣ tizi nnsn. Ismawn n tẓilla n lislam s tclḥit gan[4] :
- Tinzikk nɣ Tifawin ɣ Tin uzkka nɣ Tin tylgi
- Tizwarnin
- Tukzin
- Tiwwutc ( Tin wutci )
- Tiyiḍṣ ( Tin yiḍṣ )
Irqqasn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar ittamn umusln masd isgz rbbi irqqasn yaḍn.
Adam (arqqas amzwaru), dffir illa Idris , d Nuḥ, d tugt n irqqasn yaḍn twaḥsabn ig imuslmn, zun d Ibrahim , d yus n ɛmmis Lut, d tarwa n Isḥaq d Ismaɛil, d Yaɛqub, d Yusf, d Musa, d Dawud, d Sulayman, d Yaḥya, Ɛisa yus n Maryam .
Rmḍan[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ayyur n Rmḍan iga ayyur wiss tẓa ɣ uzwag anabawi ittili dffir ayyur n Caɛban, iẓil wayyur ad dar imuslmn d imumnn, nttan ay-gan ayyur n uẓum nna igan yan trsal n lislam.
Issntay wayyur n rmḍan asmi ẓṛṛin middn ayyur ɣ wass 29 n caɛban, iɣ ikmml rmḍan ar sfuglan imuslmn s tfaslka n lfiṭr.
Dar wayyur n rmḍan adɣar iẓlin ɣ taysi d umzruy n imuslmn ؛ acku ɣ wayyur ad aɣ iggizd udlis n rbbi lquran zɣ llawḥ lmaḥfuḍ s ignna n ddunit ɣ yiḍ n lqadar, dffir iggizd ɣ wakudn imḍfrn ɣ uzmz n tuggza n lwaḥiy lliɣ ttin ikka urqqas Muḥammad ɣ ammas n ifri n ḥira. Lliɣ-d iggz dars lmalak Jibril, inna as : اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ tga tassurt ad tamzwarut ad iggizn zɣ udlis n rbbi Lquran.
Izdi wayyur n Rmḍan ɣ kigan n tmizar n Lislam s guda n inazwiyn n ddin zun d: taẓallit n ttarawiḥ d liɛtiaf ɣ timrawin tinggura, d tugt n tmyurin d ttaqalid zun d taɣuri i wiyyaḍ s tiram.
Lquran[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Lquran nɣ Quran ( s taɛrabt : القرآن —Al qu'ran nɣ القرآن الكريم—Al-qur'an al-karim ) iga aḍris asgdan akkʷ ilan atig ɣ Lislam. Ar tinnin imuslmn ɣ is iga awal n rbbi d is-d netta ad t-id issugzn f umazan nns Muḥmmad. Ar ɣassad, udlis ad iga udlis amzwaru d udlis nna akk iqburn ittawsan is ittyura s tutlayt taɛrabt.
Umnn akk imuslmn d imumnn masd Lquran iga awal n rbbi isggizt-id s ils aɛrab f urqqas Muḥammad s ubrid n lmalak Jibril ɣ akk n tmldawin zɣ lbiɛta nns ɣ usggas 610 ar tamttant nns ɣ wass n 8 yunyu 632. Ibḍa lquran s 114 n tassurt, illa gis 6236 n layat. Illa ɣ lquran layat makkiya d madaniyya. Lquran lkarim iga adlis anggaru zɣ idlisn n rbbi, d tilawat n lquran d ussfld nns d twuri sis gan kullu lɛibadat ittaẓ sisn umuslm i rbbi bac ad izddig sis ul nns. Tssnti tɣrma n imuslmn dffir ma iggiz lquran s wakal.
Tiɣrmin iqdsn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Makka[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tga Makka nɣ Mkka (s taɛrabt: مكة) yat tamdint illan ɣ utaram n tmazirt n Ssaɛudiyya, taggug f Tamdint Ifawn s kra n 4000 kilumitr ɣ umnid n iffus ataram, d f tɣrmt Ṭṭayf s kra n n 1200 kilumiṭr ɣ amnid acrqi, d f 72 kilumitr zɣ tiɣrmt n Jadda d aftas n yill azggaɣ. Tga Makka Lmukarrama yat tmdint tasgdant bahra ilan atig dar imuslmn. Tlla gis timzgida n Lḥaram, d Lkaɛba nna ygan lqblt n imuslmn ɣ tẓallit nnsn.
lQuds[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Timldiwin n lislam[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tafaska[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
tafaska tga yat zɣ tifugliwin dar imuslmn (d tfugla tayaḍ iga tafugla n lfiṭr), ar ittili ass n 10 du lḥijja bɛd tagara n ubddi wass n ɛarafa, abddi nnag tbddn gis iḥujjajn imuslmn bac ad skrn lmanasik ixatarn lḥijj, da tagara nns ass du lḥijja. iga awd n tfaska akttay n lqqist n nbi brahim tazallit n rbbi ɣafs lliɣ yẓṛa tiẓṛit nnag yumrt dis rbbi imqqurn s uḍḥḥi s yiwis smaɛil .darat mayan , yumrt rbbi s tɣrsi n izimmr ɣ ubddel f yiwis, mk ttaẓn imuslmn s rbbi ɣ wass n tɣrsi s yan n wulli (izimmr, nɣ tafunast, nɣ alɣm) d ufrraq n uksum n tɣrsi f ayt uɣlad nɣ iwssarn d ayt tawja.

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Iḍelli ihi id-llant tifranin tifidiraliyin di Kanada. D Justin Trudeau, aqerruy ukavar alellam (Parti libéral) i tent ewwin. D aḥucu itent iḥuc seg akken tuYal tmurt d tazeggaYt, imi d azeggaY i d ini n ukavar alellam. Laqen as 170 imazaten akken ad yawi tigti u yufa-d iman-is s 184 imeḍqan. Ad iseddu tamurt akken is-ihwa.
Ma d akavar n Stephan Harper illan iṭṭef akersi ittwet yir tiyita. DYa tegla s Stephen imi iṭṭaxer. Yuder si 156 ar 99 imazaten. Imi mraw iseggassen ayagi d netta isseddaw tamurt, yerna iksa-tt am yir ameksa, ur ivYi ara ad yelli deg umni d tamegla. D aya i Yef i=ṭtef avrid-is iṭṭaxer. Atan ussan id-iteddun ad svedden aqerruy si laâḍil, syin ad tili timzizzelt anwa ara yuYalen d aYella neY d ccaf ukavar akenmagaz (Parti conservateur).
Ma d win id-fYen d amezwaru, Justin Trudeau, ussan agi ad igajji ar uxxam anda d-ilul deg usegass n 1970 ass mi illa vava-s, Pierre-Elliott Trudeau, d aneYlaf amenzu n Kanada. IneYlafen imezwura zzedYen di 24, Sussex Drive di Ottawa. Akka snat n smanat ad isved adavu ines u irreggem ad illint tlawin akken u achal illan n irgazen.
Ussan agi ihi ad yali Yef uqerruy uwanek akanadi u ad ivdu amahil imi amecwar meqqer akken ad idhen udem n Kanada ar verra, ad iṣeggem ayen akken iqedder Stephen Harper. Ahat netta ad iffek tameẓẓuYt i wid iqedcen di tmussni, Yef temsal n twennaḍt d umetti , ad iṭṭef afus i wid ictaqen d wid ixuṣen, ad iḥves lgirrat akken ad tuYal Kanada d tamurt n talwit, d tin isefruruyen talwit.
Ma d akavar azelmaḍ, NPD, niqal di tazwara issufY-ed iferrawen imi d netta i illan d tamegla tunṣivt deg umni. Yerna medden âeglen ad vuṭṭin fell-as di tifranin maca, Thomas Mulcair, aqerruy ukavar iquzem akken ur asen ihwi i medden tamsalt n nniqab. Imi taYdemt takanadit tâemmed-as i yiwet n tmeṭṭut tapakistanit ad teffer udem-is di tfugla n la tYirmi, Thomas Mulcair inna-d imi taYdemt akka i tegzem ulayYer nek ara agiY neY ara ṛegmaY ad vedlaY illugan n temsalt agi. Tura Thomas Mulcair ur ivYi ad as-iruḥ lvuṭ n Inselmen. Maca d win Ikanadyaten is inessren, dYa yufa-d iman-is d wis 3, yuder si 103 ar 44 imazaten.
Le Bloc québécois daYen iqqers-as uyeddid. Xas akken yuYal-d Gilles Duceppe illan yagi Yef uqerruy-is ur t-id iḥyi ara akken isen ihwa i wid iran azarug i Québec. Maca akken ivYu yili le Bloc québécois yuli si 4 ar 10 imazaten. Ma d Gilles ugin-t wid i umi id-ived d amazat tikkelt tis snat.


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TAMURT – Ugin warrac n tmurt n Leqbayel ad ɣṛen s tutlayt taɛṛabt, tin akken i yettwaḥettmen fell-asen aṭas n iseggasen-aya. Annect-a yella-d f yiwet n ssebba d tamecṭuḥt imi kra n imawlan di Jijel ugin ad ɣṛen warraw-nsen tutlayt tamaziɣt. Amek i neqbel ayla-nsen, nutni si zik ay ugin ayla-nneɣ?
Tikwal ḍeṛṛunt tedyanin d timeqqṛanin deffir n ssebbat d timcṭuḥin kan. Ɣas akken s tsebbiwt d tamecṭuḥt i d-yella uneḥbus n tɣuṛi, meɛna d ayen akken i yejmeɛ wul aṭas n iseggasen-aya i d-yesmar. Am akken d tisegnit i d-iqelben adrar.
Steqsayen warrac: Acuɣeṛ i neqqaṛ s tatlayt taɛṛabt? Dacu i tt-ixuṣṣen teqbaylit-nneɣ iwakken ur neqqaṛ ara yes-s? Nebɣa ad nɣeṛ kullec s tutlayt taqbaylit imi tutlayt-nneɣ nebɣa ad tili daɣen d tutlayt n tussna akka am tiyaḍ.
Tutlayt taqbaylit ass-a tedda akken iwata ar zdat, yerna tezmer ad tili d tutlayt n tussna, ad ɣṛen yes-s warraw tussnakt, tafizikt, asaḍuf akked tussniwin-nniḍen.
Ɣad ass-a d imeẓẓyanen i d-yeffɣen, meɛna asirem deg-sen i yella, axaṭer dayla-nsen tmurt n Leqbayel n uzekka. Imi faqen yella lettkal fell-asen, azekka ad ṣeggmen tamurt-nsen taqbaylit.
Amaziɣ Aweɣlis


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Amek ay neggrent tutlayin ?
( d aḍris n Omar Mouffok )
mardi 16 février 2010
Kra n yimesnilsiyen qqaren-d d akken tutlayin yellan deg wemḍal ad neqsent s wezgen, ma d wiyaḍ qqaren-d d akken ala kan ciṭṭaḥ n yimiḍiyen (centaines) n tutlayin ara d-yeqqimen, imi amur ameqqran si tutlayin n wemḍal -tuget deg-sent ttmeslayen-tent ala kan kra n yigiman (milliers) n medden- atenti la ttuɣalent ɣer deffir sdat n tutlayin ijehden am teglizit, taspenyulit, tapurtugalit, tacinwat, tarusit, tindunisit, taɛṛabt, taswahilit akk d thendit. Dɣa, llan wid i d-yeqqaren d akken di meyya yiseggasen-agi ara d-iteddun, 90 % si tutlayin n wemḍal ara inegren. Amek neggrent tutlayin ? Amek ay zemren warraw-nsent ad tent-id-ssukksen seg nnger ?
Amek ay neggrent tutlayin ?
Assenger n kra n wegdud si rrif d yiwet si ssebbat n wengar n tutlayin. ɣef umedya (lemtel), asmi ay snegren Wuṛufiyen (Européens) imezdaɣen inesliyen n tegzirt n Tasmanya (di Ustṛalya), aṭas n tutlayin -ur neẓri acḥal llant- ay inegren yid-sen. Maca ssebba tameqqrant akk deg wengar n tutlayin nettat mi ara tili tmetti (communauté) yettmeslayen tutlayt-is teḥṛes-itt terbaɛt nniḍen, ay ijehden yernu tugar-itt, akken ad tejj tutlayt-is u ad d-ternu ɣer tneggarut-a. Dɣa tikwal, medden lemmden tutlayt tabeṛṛanit ɣer tama n tutlayt-nsen taneslit, u d anect-n ay d-yeḍran di Groenland, d yiwet n tama ay teḥkem Danmaṛk, anda ay ttmeslayen Yiskimuten (Eskimos) tutlayt-nsen, takalaallisut (kalaallisut) yernu ssnen diɣ ad mmeslayen tadanmaṛkit. D acu kan, aṭas anda ara naf d akken timetti yesɛan tutlayt-is taneslit tettwaḥṛes akken ad tt-tejj u ad tejj yid-s tinettit-is (identité) tadelsant. D anect-a ay d-yeḍran i Yikurdiyen di ṭṭerk, anda ay d asen-yegdel (interdire) usaḍuf (lqanun) ad d-ssuffɣen s kra n tɣawsa ara yarun s tutlayt-nsen neɣ ad tt-slemden akken ilaq. D anect-a diɣ ay d-yeḍran akk d yimeẓyanen n Yihendiyen n Temrikt (Indiens d’Amériques), imi si melmi kan, llan mazal kra deg-sen ttqasan-ten lemmer ad mmeslayen s tutlayt-nsen deg yiɣerbazen igensiyen (internats).
Angar n tutlayin iḍerru-d deg-in deg-in (din din) neɣ s leɛqel ?
Yezmer ad d-yeḍru dindin am wakken ay yezmer ad d-yeḍru cwiṭ, cwiṭ. Yuɣ lḥal, tezmer ad tenger tutlayt deg yiwet kan n tsuta (ljil) ma yella ur d-mazal ara a tt-lemmden yigerdan. Anect-a yeḍra-d s tidet akk d Yiskimuten Iyupiken (Yupiks) n Alaska, imi lemmer ad nuɣal kan s 20 n yiseggasen ɣer deffir, ad naf d akken igerdan-nsen meṛṛa llan ttmeslayen tayupikt, di lweqt i deg ass-a, Iyupiken imeẓyanen akk ay nezmer ad ten-naf ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen sɛan si 20 n yiseggasen d asawen, ma d igerdan iyupiken ttmeslayen kan taglizit. Yeḍra-d diɣ wanect-a akk d Yikusiyen (Ecossais) n tegzirt n Cape Breton (di Tikust Tamaynut, di Kanada), imi deg yiseggasen n 1940 llan mazal-iten ttmeslayen tutlayt tikusit, maca di tizi n yiseggasen n 1970, uɣalen yigerdan-nsen ur a lemmden ara tutlayt-a. Di kra n yimukan nniḍen, tutlayin ɛeṭṭlent ugar akken ad negrent. Tutlayin tihendiyin n Temrikt (amérindiennes) am tonondagat (onondaga) akk d tmohawkt (mohawk), ay ttmeslayen di tmiwa ibeɛden ɣef temdinin n Uwanek (Etat) n New York akk d tmiwa n Kanada ay d-iqerben ɣer din, qqiment sin n leqrun nitenti a neggrent cwiṭ, cwiṭ, d acu kan, ar ass-a, mazal ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen yernu tamohawkt, llan ula d kra n yelmeẓyen ay d-mazal ssnen-tt.
Acḥal n tutlayin ara iteddun akken ad negrent deg wemḍal (ddunit) ?
Ɣef leḥsab n yiwet n tesnaddant (statistique) ay yettwaxedmen di 1996, 6703 n tutlayin ay llan ttmeslayen-tent medden deg wemḍal (ddunit) deg useggas-nni. Ger-asent, 1000 n tutlayin llan ttmeslayen-tent di Temrikt, 2011 n tutlayin di Tefriqt, 225 n tutlayin di Tuṛuft, 2165 di Asya akk d 1320 n tutlayin di Tuqyanust (Océanie). Yuɣ lḥal, ilaq ad nḥader seg yemḍanen-agi (nombres) imi ay llant waṭas n tutlayin deg wemḍal i ɣef nesɛa ciṭṭaḥ kan n yisallen, yernu diɣ aṭas n yisallen ay nesɛa ɣef kra n tutlayin, ass-a iɛedda-tent zzman. Rnu-yas s anect-a, yewɛeṛ ɣef yimassanen (savants) ad gen talast ger n tutlayt akk d tentala (dialecte), d acu kan, tuget meqqren deg yimesnilsiyen (linguistes) msefhamen d akken amḍan n tutlayin yellan deg wemḍal ad yili ifel (iɛedda) i 5000. Yuɣ lḥal, aṭas si tutlayin-agi ara inegren sya ɣef lqern. Kra n yimesnilsiyen qqaren-d d akken tutlayin yellan deg wemḍal ad neqsent s wezgen, ma d wiyaḍ qqaren-d d akken ala kan ciṭṭaḥ n yimiḍiyen (centaines) n tutlayin ara d-yeqqimen, imi amur ameqqran si tutlayin n wemḍal -tuget deg-sent ttmeslayen-tent ala kan kra n yigiman (milliers) n medden- atenti la ttuɣalent ɣer deffir sdat n tutlayin ijehden am teglizit, taspenyulit, tapurtugalit, tacinwat, tarusit, tindunisit, taɛṛabt, taswahilit akk d thendit. Dɣa, llan wid i d-yeqqaren d akken di meyya yiseggasen-agi ara d-iteddun, 90 % si tutlayin n wemḍal ara inegren.
Anwa ay d imdanen umi tezmer ad tenger tutlayt ?
Xas akken tutlayin-agi yettidiren deg umihi d tidersiyin (minotités) ay tent-yettmeslayen, maca amur meqqren si tutlayin n wemḍal d tutlayin n tdersiyin [maci aṭas n medden ay tent-yettmeslayen]. Aḥric meqqren si tutlayin n wemḍal ttmeslayent-tent teqbilin n Papua Ginya Tamaynut (Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) wuɣur ay nezmer ad naf 900 n tutlayin. Di Ustṛalya, 90 % si tutlayin n yimezdaɣen iserwen (aborigènes) n tmurt-agi ara inegren di tsuta-yagi (ljil) n wass-a. Imezdaɣen inesliyen n Temrikt (Ihendiyen) mazal-iten cfan ɣef 90% si tutlayin-nsen. Tidersiyin akk d teqbilin n Tefriqt, n Asya akk d Tuqyanust mazal ttmeslayen igiman (milliers) n tutlayin, yernu di Tuṛuft, aṭas n yegduden ay rran di rrif ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tutlayin-nsen am tirlandit, tafrizit (di Tmura n Wadda -Pays-Bas), taprovensalit akk d tbaskit.
Acḥal n tutlayin yellan deg umihi di Temrikt n Ugafa (Amérique du Nord) ?
Ɣef leḥsab n yiwet n tesnadent (statistique) ay d-yeffɣen si melmi kan, ala kan 194 n tutlayin tihendiyin ay d-yeqqimen si yimiḍiyen-nni (centaines) n tutlayin ay llan ttmeslayen-tent zik-nni. Ger n tutlayin tihendiyin ay d-mazal ddrent ass-a, 33 seg-sent ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen akk d yigerdan; 34 seg-sent ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen akk d ciṭṭaḥ kan n yigerdan; 73 seg-sent qrib ala kan d imeqqranen ay tent-yettmeslayen yernu tuget deg-sen flen i 70 n yiseggasen; ma d 5 seg-sent ad ilint ahat ass-a negrent maḍi.
Tutlayin ur a nettuselmad ara i yigerdan neɣ tid ara lemmden kan ciṭṭaḥ n yigerdan atenti deg umihi yernu a teddunt akken ad negrent. Yuɣ lḥal, ala kan d 33-nni n tutlayin n terbaɛt tamezwarut ayen yellan di « laman » [tid ay ttmeslayen yimeqqranen akk d yimecṭaḥ]. D acu kan, ula d tutlayin-a, tuget deg-sent a ttidirent ɣef yiri n umihi, imi wid ay tent-yettmeslayen ttidiren ɣer tama n trebbaɛ yesɛan igerdan yettmeslayen taglizit [dɣa zemren yigerdan-nni Ihendiyen yettmeslayen naqal tutlayt-nsen, ad tt-jjen u ad uɣalen ad ttmeslayen taglizit]. Rnu-yas s anect-a, tirebbaɛ meṛṛa n Yihendiyen n Temrikt n Ugafa atenti la ttwaḥṛasent akken ad jjent tutlayin-nsent u ad ttmeslayent s teglizit yernu si ger wid yettḥulfun s waṭas i weḥṛas-agi d tisutyin (lejyal) meẓẓiyen. Yuɣ lḥal, tilibizyu akk d yisura (films) numen ttaznen-d izen (message) ay yessebɛaden medden ɣef wazalen-nsen imensayen (valeurs traditionnelles), yernu jebbden-d ilmeẓyen akken ad kecmen ɣer yiwen n wemḍal (monde, univers) n yiweẓla (affaires) icebḥen ugar, yili amḍal-a ur yesɛi ara akk assaɣ (relation) akk d win n wegdud-nsen, win n yeqdimen-nsen akk d wansayen-nsen.
Akken yebɣu yili, xas ma yella ass-a aḥric meqqren si tgemmi (patrimoine) n tutlayin deg umihi ayen yella, mi ara nwali d akken aṭas n tutlayin n Yihendiyen n Temrikt ay d-yessawḍen alammi d lqern wis 21, ad nẓer d akken tirebbaɛ ay tent-yettmeslayen xas d timecṭaḥ maca jehdent, yernu diɣ, tutlayt tesɛa azal meqqren di tudert n yemdanen.
Mi ara tenger kra n tutlayt, d acu ara d asen-yeḍrun i wid tt-yettmeslayen akk d yemdanen n wemḍal s umata ?
Mi ara tesṛuḥ kra n terbaɛt tutlayt-is, ad tesṛuḥ diɣ aḥric ameqqran si tnettit-is tadelsant (identité culturelle). Mi ara sṛuḥen yemdanen tutlayt-nsen, ama s lebɣi-nsen neɣ ala, ad naf d akken dima yella wayen i ten-iḥeṛsen akken ad gen aya, yernu tikwal, wid yesṛuḥuyen tutlayt-nsen ttḥulfun d akken sṛuḥen tinettit-nsen timettit (identité sociale) am wakken ay ttḥulfun d akken ttwarnan. D acu kan, maci igduden meṛṛa tettṛuḥu-yasen tnettit-nsen timettit mi ara sṛuḥen tutlayt-nsen; ɣef umedya, Ihendiyen Ichumashen (Chumash) n Kalifuṛnya akk d yimezdaɣen n tegzirt n Man [di Briṭanya Tameqqrant] xas sṛuḥen tutlayin-nsen, ur sṛuḥen ara tinettit-nsen. Maca akken yebɣu yili, tettɣimi-d tutlayt d azamul ijehden n tnettit n wegdud. Aḥric meqqren si tudert tadelsant, taneffant (spirituelle) akk d tudert taggagt (intellectuelle) s tutlayt-nsen ay t-ttidiren medden. Dɣa, wid ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen yis-s ara daɛun, yis-s ara yissinen ineqqisen-nsen (mythes), tifugliwin-nsen (cérémonies), tamedyazt-nsen (poésie), ccbaḥa n wawal-nsen akk d wawalen-nsen akniyen (mots techniques), yernu s tutlayt-nsen diɣ ara ttemzulun (se saluer), yis-s ara ttemsefraqen akk d wid ḥemmlen, d iɣunab-is (styles) n wawal ara sseqdacen, yis-s ara ttqessiren yernu yis-s ara ttmeslayen i yigerdan-nsen. S tutlayt-nsen ara zemren ad d-mmeslayen ɣef tnumyin (habitudes), ɣef ṭṭbayeɛ akk d wayen akk umi ttḥulfun. Maca ma sṛuḥen tutlayt-nsen, anect-agi meṛṛa ilaq ad t-beddlen akken ad d-yemyezg akk d tutlayt-nni tamaynut ara sseqdacen syad d tasawent, dɣa awalen-nni akk ay llan sseqdacen-ten deg yedles-nsen ad ten-beddlen s wawalen nniḍen, s yimesliyen (leswat) nniḍen akk d tjeṛṛumt nniḍen n tutlayt-nni ur nelli nsen, neɣ ma ur zmiren ara, ad sṛuḥen kulci. Yuɣ lḥal, aṭas n wansayen (traditions) ay yettmettaten akken kan ara temmet tutlayt, dɣa imawlan-nsen ttaddamen sakin tinumyin n wegdud-nni ay ten-yernan. Ihi, aḥraz n tutlayt yesɛa azal meqqren aṭas ɣer wegdud, akken ad tidir tnettit-is, akken ur inegger ara netta s timmad-is.
Seg tama nniḍen, ula d tussna (science) aṭas ay tesṛuḥuy mi ara temmet kra n tutlayt. Yuɣ lḥal, s tutlayt ay ttemseḥfaḍen yemdanen amezruy n yegduden-nsen, dɣa mi ara tenger tutlayt, tezmer ad teglu s waṭas n yisallen yesɛan azal meqqren ɣef umezruy aqbur n wegdud-nni. Nnger n tutlayin ireggel-as abrid i tussna akken ad tissin tamusni n wemdan (cognition) neɣ amek ilemmed yernu yettissin lumuṛ. Mi ara nezrew (ad nɣer) akk ayen i deg cerkent tutlayin n wemḍal meṛṛa, nezmer ad nissin akk ayen nezmer ad t-id-nini s tutlayt n wemdan akk d wayen ur nezmir ara, ayen tezmer ad t-teg tutlayt n wemdan d wayen ur tezmir. Dɣa anect-a yesselmad-aneɣ-d aṭas n tɣawsiwin ɣef leɛqel n wemdan akk d wamek ay zemren yigerdan ad lemden dindin yernu s tefses anagraw (système) iweɛṛen akka am tutlayt. Dɣa, simmal ttanqasent tutlayin yellan deg wemḍal, simmal ara tettanqas tmusni-nneɣ ɣef leɛqel n wemdan.
I ma mmeslayen akk yemdanen yiwet n tutlayt, ur yessishil ara wanect-a lumuṛ ? Xas ma yella llan aṭas n medden deg wemḍal ay terra tmara ad lemden kra n tutlayt taɣelnawt (nationale) neɣ tagraɣlant (internationale) [i lmend n wemsefham akk d wid ur nettmeslay ara tutlayt-nsen], anect-a ur yebɣi ara d-yini d akken ilaq ad jjen tutlayt-nsen tayemmat, taneslit. Igerdan ay d-yettenkaren s snat n tutlayin neɣ ugar, ttuɣalen ssnen tutlayin-a meṛṛa, am yigerdan ay d-yettenkaren kan s yiwet n tutlayt
D acu ay wumi nezmer i wakken ur neggrent ara tutlayin yellan deg umihi ?
Tarbaɛt yebɣan ad teḥrez neɣ ad d-tessider tutlayt-is tesɛa aṭas n yefranen (choix, options) ger n yifassen-is. Tadyant yessewhamen akk deg usider n tutlayin tezmer ad tili d tin ay d-yeḍran akk d tutlayt taɛebrit (hébreu) ay yuɣalen d tutlayt tayemmat n wegdud [di lqern wis 20], mbeɛd ma tesɛedda acḥal n leqrun tettwalmad kan akken tt-uran zik-nni. Ma d tirlandit, si tama nniḍen, yettunefk-as wazal meqqren di tsuda (institutions) akk d tsertit n Irland, imi d nettat ay d tutlayt taɣelnawt n tmurt-a, xas akken tesseɛraq-as teglizit tikli. Di Ziland Tamaynut, sbedden-d Yimaoriyen (Maoris) [imezdaɣen inesliyen n tmurt-a] almaten n yigerdan (jardins d’enfants) i deg qeddcen yimeqqranen yessnen tutlayt tamaorit, yernu ttmeslayen-asen i yigerdan ala kan s tutlayt-a. Imḍiqen-agi qqaren-asen s tmaorit « kohanga reo » neɣ « leɛcuc n tutlayt », yernu ama di Ziland Tamaynut neɣ di Alaska, ama di Hawaii neɣ anda nniḍen, llan wid yebdan a xeddmen akka ula i yigerdan n yiɣerbazen imenza akk d kra n tesnawiyin (lycées). Ma di Kalifuṛnya, uɣalen yelmeẓyen [ihendiyen] ttṛuḥun ɣer yilemmasen akk d yemɣaren ay d-mazal ssnen tutlayt-nsen akken ad asen-tt-slemden. Yuɣ lḥal ass-a, aṭas n yisaragen (conférences), iḥuna (ateliers) n leqdic ɣef tutlayin akk d yedlisen ara yettɛawanen imdanen, iɣerbazen akk d trebbaɛ ara iqeddcen akken ad ḥerzen tutlayin-nsen.
Imi aṭas n tutlayin ayen yellan deg umihi, imesnilsiyen la ttaɛraḍen ad lemden akk ayen zemren fell-asent, i wakken xas ma tenger tutlayt-nni, tamusni-yines ur tnegger ara yid-s. Dɣa, wid yettnadin deg wennar kellsen-d (enregistrer) tisfifin tiẓrawiyin (cassettes vidéo) akk d tesfifin n tmesliwt ɣef tutlayin-a, yernu ttarun-tent am wakken ay d-sseddayen tasuqilt i wayen akk ay d-kellsen. Rnu-yas s anect-a, zerrwen diɣ yemnuda (chercheurs) amawal akk d yilugan (règles) n tutlayin-agi yernu ttarun-asent-d imawalen akk d tjeṛṛumin.
Qeddcen diɣ yimesnilsiyen akk d trebbaɛ ay yebɣan ad ḥerzent tutlayt-nsent, dɣa ttaken-asent tallalt taknit (aide technique) akk d ttawil ay ḥwajent i lmend n usselmed n tutlayt, aḥraz-yines akk d ussider-ines. Yuɣ lḥal, imawalen akk d tjeṛṛumin ay d-ttarun sɛan tasɣent (dduṛ) meqqren di tallalt-a. D acu kan, imesnilsiyen zemren ad ɛiwnen diɣ tirebbaɛ-agi s tarmit-nsen (expérience) n usselmed akk d wezraw (étude) n waṭas n tutlayin. Dɣa zemren ad sqedcen ayen ay d-lemden si tutlayin nniḍen ay yellan deg umihi akken ad ɛiwnen kra n terbaɛt ad teḥrez tutlayt-is, yernu zemren ad sqedcen tiknussniwin (technologie) tineggura i lmend n weklas akk d wezraw n tutlayin.
A d-ttlalent tutlayin timaynutin deg wemkan n tid yettmettaten ?
Ih. Aṭas n tutlayin n yezmulen (signes) ay d-yennulfan di leqrun-agi iɛeddan, u gar-asent tutlayt n yezmulen tamarikanit. Tatokpisint (Tok Pisin, néomélanésien), tutlayt taɣelnawt n Papua Ginya Tamaynut, tekka-d seg yiwet n tnerbaẓt (mélange) n tutlayin ay yebnan ɣef teglizit akk d kra n tutlayin nniḍen. Yernu, mi ara ttɛeddin leqrun, zemrent ula d tintalyin (dialectes) n kra n tutlayt ad nnernint alamma uɣalent ula d nitenti d tutlayin i yiman-nsent, akken d-teḍra d tentalyin n tlatinit ay d-yefkan ass-a tafṛensist, taṭalyanit akk d tutlayin nniḍen.
D acu kan, ur nezmir ara ad nesnemhel (ad nqaren) tutlayin-agi timaynutin ɣer tgemmi (patrimoine) n tutlayin n wemḍal ayen ara ineggren. Igiman-nni (milliers) n tutlayin ay ttmeslayen ass-a deg wemḍal, seg wasmi ay d-yebda umezruy n yemdanen ara mehhzent (évoluer) akken ad ilint akken llant ass-a. Yal tawacult n tutlayin tesɛa, ma cwiṭ, 5000 n yiseggasen aya seg wasmi ay d-temsefraq ɣef tiyaḍ, tikwal ugar n wanect-a. Ma tuɣal teglizit d nettat kan ay d tutlayt tawḥidt deg wemḍal, laqent-as timrawin n yigiman (dizaines de milliers) n yiseggasen akken ad d-tefk tanḍa-yagi (diversité) tameqqrant n tutlayin yellan ass-a, yernu akken ad d-yili wanect-a, ilaq ad d-ilint ula d tignatin-nni ay d-yellan zik deg umezruy n yemdanen akken ad-tili tanḍa-yagi yellan ass-a. Yuɣ lḥal, tanḍa akk d tgemmi n tutlayin n wemḍal, ḥwajen-tt yemdanen s tidet di tudert-nsen, yernu ma tṛuḥ, ur tezmir ad d-tettwaxlef.
Omar Mouffok ( Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen )
Yeffeɣ-d weḍris-a seg » Timmuzɣa » tis 16. n useqqamu unnig ntimmuzɣ deg useggas 2008.
(c) Omar Mouffok
source:imedyazen.com


text:
Taziři, ussan n ṣmayem. Marra iwdan aqa yen di barra. Ajenna yarsa, itran tsiqsiqen. Ikkar mmis n dcar ad yurzu manis i ɣa yekk. Ixarreṣ ak d uzeǧif nnes, inna as ixf nnes ad yehwa ɣar yeɣzar ameqqran. Am nni nnit, igga musejjala swadday i taddeɣt, igga sinta n řalla buya, iwc as marra min ɣares d jjehd. Mammec tegga musejjala ya? Tkessi arebɛa n teẓra d timqqranin. Netta yarniy as tnayen nneɣni d tibaṭṭaḥin! Dcar marra itesřa yas. Uřa d iyaẓiḍen n dcar bdan sququɛen umi sřan i řalla buya.
Tuɣa din tarwa n dcar ggin ict n tɣimit deg iɣzar. Sřan i řalla buya, nnan as wanita war itiři ɣir d Mimun. Sfarɣen tiṭṭawin ɣar wayawya, nnan jar asen aqa: “twařat a yiwi-d Arebbi wi ak d i ɣa nesseɛdu ǧiřt a! Nitni ssnen illa Mimun itegg array, min mma tennid as d wenni netta. Mani mma ssekken t ad iraḥ, min mma i d as nnan ad t yegg. Kuř ijj min iqqar deg uř nnes. Ijj iǧuz, itxarreṣ deg iyaẓiḍen, ijj dayes mezři deg uḍiř, ijj dayes mezři n temɣarin. Derwřen mmarra daysen mezři di ca….
Mimun ikk-d zeg ict n tebrit d tameẓyant jar ibuda n řeɛraṣi. Ttuɣ war dawem nniɣ aqa Mimun war itwiři ca amen tenna. Am yeggur, tewḍa ayas musejjala. Iqqim yarezzu xafes war tt yufi, řalla buya txeddem, maca war itwiři manis d itekk wawař. Tarwa n dcar i tuɣa deg iɣzar trajan Mimun, Mimun war iḍhar. Nnan as kkar ad narzu x mmis n midden, aqa ad yiři yufa ca n temcant tecna iqqim dayes, uca ijja aneɣ da weḥḥedneɣ, ad neqqim ad nexzar deg ujenna, war ntiff s minzi i ɣa nesquḍed ǧiřet a. Ikkar ijj zzaysen, issars ssebsi x weẓru, izzeřz ixf nnes, tenna as tɛeqqact nnes ad iraḥ ad yarzu x mmis n dcar ad t id yawi akidsen iqqim. Innexḍef uca igaɛɛed ɣares, yufa din Mimun itenneḍ, itfafa x musejjala. Ař ami i ɣares yiweḍ, inna as: “Ula Mimun, necc aqa d Bitit, ma twařid ayi niɣ? Yarra xafes Mimun inna as: “a wah wah, sneɣ, ma tɣiř ac aqa war twiřiɣ niɣ? Issuref ɣares Bitit, iwc as afus uca inna as: “Min cek yuɣin a Mimun? Mayemmi i da teqqimed am uyujiř? Yarra xafes inna as: “amcan a iqqar ayi t řebda řxaḍar inu uca ggiɣ ad da qqimeɣ ḥuma ad sřeɣ i řalla buya, uřa qqimeɣ di taddart am wemcum.” Ssenni iḥeccm it Bitit, yarbu yas txancet, inna as: “ kkar ad nehwa ɣar yeɣzar, aqa din iḥramen n dcar ak idsen neqqim, ad ak idsen nsew yaman n uḍiř!!! Aqa ɣarsen řkif….d tamment, iqess it Mulay Ɛmar s ufus nnes. Mimun issedḥa wi i d as ɣa yinin aqa tweddar as musejjala jar ibuda n řeɛraṣi. Igga ixf nnes axmi war imsar ca, uca inn as i Bitit: “ iwa umi texsed ammu, ksi-d abeɛda musejjalla nni aqa ggiɣ tt din neɛmada ḥuma war tt iřeqqef nda, aqa ad aneɣ tseɛɛef řa nettat, břa nettat war zemmareɣ ad ddareɣ, nettat d buḥbeř inu.” Iswizzeḍ ɣares Bitit, igg itt x tɣarḍin nnes uca munen-d marra ɣar yeɣzar.
Ggin tasɣimit, tazeyyat di řweṣt, ssebsi itsara zeg ufus ɣar wenneɣni. Mmis n dcar yufa tamcant nnes jar asen. Kuř ijj min i xef issawař, Mulay Ɛmar ijbe-d awař x ccarq d umi iẓwa iɣzar n meřwect ɣar Meɣniya. Tuɣa ak idsen ijj qqaren as Ḥmidu, xmi issawař ad ac tɣiř d Suqraṭ i issawařen, awařen deg wemcan nsen, fsusen, uǧɣen, teffɣen as d zeg uqemmum amecnaw taxfift. Mimun netta iřseq deg wawař x lxarij, Aliman, aɣarabu n Mřič, timɣarin. Awař yiẓiḍ ak d sbasa d waman n uḍiř d tziři d řalla buya n wesqif, d řeɛwin n yeɣzar.
Iqqim Mimun itxarreṣ deg inni i ak d yeqqim, marra nitni meřcen, netta ad d-yawi Arebbi. Ak d manayenni yuyur as deg uzeǧif, tehwa-d xafes teḥnint, itwařa ixf nnes d tyaẓiṭ jar wayraden, uca ikkar ad issiweř, inna asen: “ Wi i t yufin amecnaw kenniw, tcuqem timura, teffɣem ɣar tinnenɣni.” Tuɣa itacar it wuř xmi i itesřa i řalla buya n tmexsiwt, ktar xmi i tesřa i “ aya tin, aya tin, x ubadu n řeɛraṣi, ruḥ ad tareʷgḥed, war sbuhřuy řɣaci….” Mimun, netta tudart nnes d tiwecca nnes d terja nnes d umezruy nnes, qqnen ɣar tewtemt, ɣar temɣart, ɣar tmeɣra; itraja ɣir meřmi i xafes i ɣa tarḍa ca n yeǧis n dcar, waxxa yeǧis n řmeqdma n wemrabeḍ , ad tyawi ad ak ides isseɛdu ussan iqqimen. Azyen n ǧiřet tiweḍ-d, nihni ɛad aqa ayen ssawařen, sɣeǧayen aman n uḍiř, uca inna asen Ḥmidu: “ nniɣ awem a tarbiḥt! Necc aqa adan inu sɣuyyun.” Yarre-d xafes Mulay Ɛmar inna as: “ tufid ayi xseɣ ad awem t iniɣ.” Ssenni kkaren marra ticti d ict. Ijj igeɛɛed x wartu ad ikkes tazart, ijj ikkar ɣar tzayart ad ikkes aḍiř, iqqim illa Mimun, war immuṭṭi zi temcant nnes. Netta amnus nnes aqa t mani nneɣni, war xafes yargeb ɣir Yakuc bu yetran. Mimun d nniyyet maca nniyyet nnes tuǧeɣ. Cwayt uca dewřen-d marra, kuř ijj min i d-yiwi deg weḥsin nnes. Ɛedřen taɣimit, tarya n waman ttekk asen d jar iḍaren, ssiriden, tetten, sɣeǧayen s waman n uḍiř, farnen di tazart tetten mummu. S minzi qqaren aqa řkif d řaẓ war d ttisen ak d wayawya. Marra tetten, Mimun war iggi tuddint deg uqemmum nnes. Netta iwca yamezzuɣ nnes i řalla buya, isɣeǧay tafqeḥt s řkif, uřa d taqemmumt nnes teffeɣ-d amecnaw cqef n ssebsi. Imeyyeř-d ɣares Ḥmidu, inna as: “ qas ak idneɣ aḍiř d tazart ḥuma ad fesyent tfeqqaɛ, aqa mařa tewc it i sbasa, tettud aɣrum, ad tecced ṣṣeḥḥet nnec, ict war xafek tareṭṭi, ad teqqimed d aɛezri n mennuc…”
Ḥmidu issekkar dayes timessi. S minzi Mimun issen aqa war t itexs ḥed, s waṭṭas niɣ s drus, uřa d tiwessura n dcar řexxu war qqiment, ẓwant marra ɣar lxarij. Waxxa mři i qqiment, ad taff war xafes areṭṭint, war ɣares taddart, war ɣares tammurt, war ɣares ḥed itraḥ lxarij, min umi tudart nnes? Min zzayes i ɣa ggent?
Mimun waxxa iqḍeɛ řayas, teḍr as d ɣar uzeǧif ict n txarriṣt, ca n wussan tuɣa ixedm iten ɣar ict n temɣart, aryaz nnes tuɣa t d aɛeskari di ṣṣeḥra, itas-d ict n twařa deg useggʷas. Tuɣa tessiweř ak ides, tarzem as tawwart, tarzem as uř nnes, manaya tuɣa imsar aṭṭas zeg wami. Maca ak d sbasa d řeɛwin n yeɣzar, d waman n uḍiř, tenna as tqeyyuḥt nnes ad iraḥ ad xafes isqarqeb, mayemmi? Netta s imant nnes war issin mayemmi. Ijja řalla buya txeddem, ikkar ibedd, inna asen: “ad raḥeɣ ad ɛuǧiɣ, ad d-dewřeɣ d abid….” Ayt n dcar xarṣen nnan aqa mařa iruḥ yiggʷejj, ad iraḥ ad iɛuǧa x wartan n yeɣzar, ad yiři iteɛjib as wexsay. Ksin t iḍaren nnes, war yuci ař ami yufa ixf nnes isqarqub, itřaɣa… “Timuc, Timu, Tim.” Timuc iǧa teṭṭes, maca tesřa i teyyita di tewwart, tařa azeǧif nnes x tsunta, tenna ak d ixf nnes, ‘ma d aryaz i d ixeccen zi sseḥra niɣ? Mařa d netta i mayemmi war dayi d issekk areqqas ad xafes ggeɣ…..’ Am txarreṣ d Mimun ibda itarezza tawwart. Tuzzer-d Timuc ɣar tewwart tameqqrant, tufa tmijja nni war teǧi ca n waryaz nnes uca tebda tseqsa: ‘wi din? wi din? Yarre-d xafes Mimun, inna as d: “d necc d necc, d Mimun.” Tenna as Timuc: “ Min tarezzud? Ma d ca i yemsaren di dcar niɣ?” Inna as Mimun: “ Arzem uca ad am iniɣ.” Tedweř Timuc ɣar wexxam, tḥart-d x tezwict, tarr-d tawwart x tarwa nnes, tcuq-d řemraḥ řexxu řexmin ad tewḍa s tigʷdi. Tbedd awarni tewwart uca tenna as: “Min tarezzud a mmis n midden? Ruḥ ɣar cɣeř nnes, war dayi snexřaɛ tarwa inu.” Yarra xafes Mimun inna as: “ Nniɣ am ǧiřet a ad ayi tarezmed tawwart, waxxa ɣir ad ẓareɣ tiṭṭawin nnem uřa dewřeɣ s ifassen xwan.” Umi tufa Timuc imneɛ deg wawař nnes, tḥart-d x ict n tmuzart zeg ucewwaf nnes, tebbz itt jar teɣmas uca tegga taryazt. Tedweř war tteggʷed war ttarjiji, maca tessen aqa ǧiřet a war tarwis ca di ǧyaři nneɣni. Tesḥinnib i tezwict, teqqar as mamec i ɣa ggeɣ i wemcum? Mařa ssidfeɣ t rid am nni, mařa iqqim ɣar tewwart n taddart, iwdan min xafi i ɣa yinin? Ikka as d ijj n uxarriṣ deg uzeǧif uca tenna as: “texsed a Mimun ad tẓared tiṭṭawin inu?” Yarr-d xafes inna as “ Zeg uqemmum nnem ɣar wenni n Arebbi.” Ssenni tenna as: “iwa sijj-d zi texbuct n tewwart inu.” Mimun, umi isřa awař nni, igga tanewwart, inna deg wuř nnes ɣir ad tt ẓar aẓři n tiṭṭawin inu ad ayi d tarzem tawwart!!!!” Issij Mimun zi texbuct n ssarut n tewwart, Timuc tseggem aqemmum n tezwict, tenns as: “iwa arzem mliḥ tiṭṭ nnec ḥuma ad ẓareɣ mummu nnecc qbeř i ɣa tẓared tiṭṭawin inu.” Timuc tesɛukbar, tesduqqeẓ, d Mimun isɣuy, sřan as d zeg iɣzar.
Igga afus nnes x tiṭṭ, iruḥ itazzeř ɣar yeɣzar. Ixec ɣar imeddukař nnes, idammen tcararen, umi i t ẓrin am nni nxeřɛen, kkaren marra bedden, sɣimen t ɣar tmurt, ssiriden as aɣembub netta isɣuyyu, iqqar: “a yemma tiṭṭ inu, a tiṭṭ inu.” Umi xzaren ufin ict n tiṭṭ teffeɣ-d, temneɛ deg iẓewran n tayyut. “Nnan as: “Wi i dac iggin ammu?” Inna asen: “aqa tuɣa xseɣ ad ɛɛuǧiɣ x wartu, ad qaseɣ cwayt, ař ami ufiɣ ixf inu di tmurt..dddewww.”
Ksin t imeddukař nnes ɣar taddart, ssidfen t ɣar wexxam nnes, sbuzzren t x tassut uca jjin t. Tiwecca nnes ifaq-d, yufa ɣir ict n tiṭṭ. Tuɣa ɣares tnayen war xafes yarḍi ḥed, i řexxu wi i xafes i ɣa yarḍan s yict?


text:
D ayen yessewhamen ! Ugar n useggas-aya, aman ur d-kkin tiberninin deg yixxamen n kra n tudrin n tɣiwant n At Yeḥya Musa Maca takebbanit Tazzayrit n waman (ADE) tḥettem ɣef yimdanen ad xellṣen ayen ur ççin (ur swin ara) imi tettkemmil aceyyee n tewṛiqin n lexlaṣ yerna d wayen ur stenfeen ara.
Seg waya, ad nefhem belli adabu Azzayri ur yecfiq yiwen; zik yelha-d kan deg tukksa n yidles d tutlayt i Yiqbayliyen, ma d tura yezzi-d ula ɣer tedrimt-nsen, imi yebɣa ad ten-yerr ɣer zzman-nni n leḥkem Aḥerki, i sen-d-yesnulfan tabzert ur nelli.
Yiwen gar yimezdaɣ inuda ɣef tidet, yufa-d belli yettxelliṣ abeḥri deg umkan n waman dɣa yessuter seg tkebbanit-a n waman ad tekkes isem-is akken ad teḥbes tikkin-ines ɣuṛ-sen; amezdaɣ-a (Ahmed.A) yewhem mi s-ugin yimdebbṛen ayen yebɣa acku elaḥsab-nsen ur qebblen lkaɣeḍ wala ayen-nniḍen,takebbanit tessegra-yas-d awal d akken ilaq kan ad yeǧǧ isem-is xas ma d abeḥri i iḥettben acku akka i d-yeqqaṛ lqanun.
At Yeḥya Musa – Yuker ḥeḍreɣ, yeggul umneɣ
D ayen yessewhamen ! Ugar n useggas-aya, aman ur d-kkin tiberninin deg yixxamen n kra n tudrin n tɣiwant n At Yeḥya Musa Maca takebbanit Tazzayrit n waman (ADE) tḥettem ɣef yimdanen ad xellṣen ayen ur ççin (ur swin ara) imi tettkemmil aceyyee n tewṛiqin n lexlaṣ yerna d wayen ur stenfeen ara.


text:
Themes List
Arrangement
Timeẓliyin
Asentel
Twenty Sixteen
make your WordPress look beautiful everywhere. Twenty Sixteen d talɣa tatrart n tmuddemt n WordPress : Inixef aglawan aked tfeggagt n yidis taxetṛant, i ywulmen ama i iblugen ama i isemlen. Yesɛa aṭas n textiṛiyin n yiniten aked tegrummiwin n yiniten n lexṣas icebḥen aṭas, yesɛa daɣen tasuddest s tracca tamengant tanmilant i yeseqdacen anekmar "mobile-first". S Twenty Sixteen ad tgeḍ asmel n WordPress iggerzen yerna di merra tignatin.
Ulac isental. Eɛreḍ anadi-nniḍen.


text:
Artiste / groupe : Matoub Lounes
Genre : kabyle
Vrai nom : Lounes MATOUB
Naissance le : 23/01/1956
Mort : Assassiné le 25 juin 1998
Paroles : Abrid i reglen / Matoub Lounes
Ajoutées par : b_music
Abrid i reglen as-nreẓ asalu
Deg neɣ Win ieewjen at-id-nesselhu
Tamurt ieetben as-nekkes azaglu
Amcum ɣ-icekben ass-en at-niru
Limmer ad-ferz'eɣ tberned tafsut
Si mebeid ad-cummeɣ rriḥa n ttbut
eemdeɣ ad ɣabeɣ ad nfuɣ si tmurt
eemdeɣ ad ẓleɣ deg rebbi n lmut
Ufan-aɣ abrid wigi s nig-neɣ
Nettẓeyyir lqid i yiman-neɣ
Aya lweqt ajdid iyad ɣafer-aneɣ
A nfek i wemɣid amḍiq ger-aneɣ
Ɣurwat wi taysen as-tinim tekfa
Times ɣi zedɣen deg ulawen ur-tensa
Widak si-qaṛṛen Tamaziɣt tefna
D wid iɣelten ayen ud-ḥarn ara


text:
Tifinaɣ
Tifinaɣ niɣ libik ittusmras kigan ɣ dar imssiwln n tutlayin tilibiyin ɣ ifriqya n uẓẓlmḍ d tigzirin n kanarya. kra n imaratn ar ttinin is tlla zɣ tifḍt tis snat dat n tlalit n lmasiḥ ar ɣilad.
agmmay-a infl kigan n tikkal sɣ zik ar ass-a; aya a f ar nsnuḥyu gr ulibik d Tfinaɣ tamaynut.
qqarn d akkn aẓar n wawal tifinaɣ ikka-d si tifi (tifin), d nnɣ. maca wiyaḍ qqarn, illa dg-s cck, tamaziɣt n 2500 isggasn aya, matcci am tclḥit nɣ taqbaylit n tura.
tifinaɣ (s tfinaɣ, tifinaɣ nɣ tfnⵗ) tga tirra nna ssmrasn imaziɣn ɣ ṭfriqt n ugafa ɣ tirra n tutlayt-nnsn, tamaziɣt. maca ibdda ussmrs-nns ɣ tutlayin timaziɣin n ugafa, maca tkcad tmnaḍt tutlayant tatrgit (ṭanzruft tadzayrit, n mali, talibit d tnijirit) ar tizwiri n tasut tiss xx dat n wad ssidfn i tikklt-yaḍn imɣnasn imẓrmaziɣrn n tkadimit tamaziɣt.
dɣi, addag nttini tifinaɣ, da nsawal f tirra ittusmrsn i tirra n tmaziɣt. maca nzmr ad nẓli kṛaḍt tfrkiwin n ubuɣlu n tfinaɣ. tamzwarut d tifinaɣ n zikk, niɣ alibi, tiss snat d tifinaɣ n imuhaɣ, ɣ unggaru, tifinaɣ tatrart.
dar uɣrf [[||Wp/zɣ/imaziɣn|amaziɣ]] tirra sis yẓlin zɣ zikk.[1] bdrn imaratn ilatiniyn ɣ tasut tiss 5 d tiss 6 [[||Wp/zgh/dffir talalit|dffir n tlalit n ɛisa]].[1] maca, ur jju bdirn imaratn aɛṛabn imuẓunn kra n tirra dar imaziɣn. ihi, nzmr ad nini blli asmrs n tirra s tfinaɣ ybedd dffir umnala n waɛṛabn ag imaziɣn ɣ tasut tiss 8. anɣubu n tirra s tfinaɣ ad yili jar usggas 600 d 700 dffir n l.ɛ.[1][2]
Tannayt tin ufllasnfl
gant tfinaɣ zɣ tirra tizaykutin n umaḍal. ṭirra yad, gant tirra timzwura innflulan ɣ tfriqt n iẓẓlmḍ ɣ usggas n 1500 dat lmasiḥ. ggutnt tmitar n tfinaɣ lli ittwaɣzn niɣ iɣman f iẓṛan d ifran d ismḍal ɣ tmazḍa , ɣ tmurt n lmɣrib, nttaf tifinaɣ ɣ tmnaḍin am: tinzulin, yagur, tisrfin, lumat n usli. ɣ tgzirin tiknariyin, ittwafa uḍṛiṣ akw iɣzzifn ittwarin s tfinaɣ ɣ yjj n yifri d-amqqran ɣ cutanbir 2006. assa, ɣ tmura n mali d nnijir d iffus n dzayr, suln imaziɣn sslmadn tarwa nnsn tirra n tfinaɣ ḥma ad msawaḍn jaratsn. ɣ lmɣrib, sulnt da ssmrasnt tmɣarin tifinaɣ ɣ usfulki d uẓṭṭa d idqqi. Zɣ usggas n 2003, tkcm tutlayt tamaziɣt, s tirra nns tifinaɣ , s tinmal n lmɣrib. tifinaɣ d tira i zi tarin imaziɣn n ssahra i tsamman ixf nsn tamaciɣt niɣ tamahiɣ niɣ imuhaq x hḍasab agrw i ɣ tirin. iwdḍan i wa ijjin zi asn tsmmanthn tawariq niɣ twarg.
Amzruysnfl
tifinaɣ d trr n tutlayt tmaziɣt, tetwari s alfis an clwagi nɣ s clwagi an alfis, ɣ s nnj an adday nɣ s adday an nnj,ttarin sis imaziɣn, tlla ɣ libya ɣ adrar n infusn,di wrflla ,di ɣirian,tlla ɣ ṭunis,ded tlla ɣ tmurt n imucaɣ,tlla ɣ tkanarit,trra n tifinaɣ tiru ur ttarin ara sis ɣas imucaɣ,maca asinag agldan n ṭussna ṭmaziɣt ircam, ymanu trr tamaynut zɣ iskkiln n ṭifinaɣ, ism-nns nu-ṭifinaɣ, nɣ tifinaɣ tatrart {tamaynut}, zgmmi n asggas n 2003 ɣ ṭagldant n lmaɣrb ɣ taɣrbazin-nnsn ttarin s ṭifinaɣ ktyaw iskkiln-nns:
Azmz adɣyansnfl
tifinaɣ (s tfinaɣ, tifinaɣ nɣ tfnⵗ) tga tirra nna ssmrasn imaziɣn ɣ tfriqt n ugafa ɣ tirra n tutlayt-nnsn, tamaziɣt. maca ibdda ussmrs-nns ɣ tutlayin timaziɣin n ugafa, maca tkcad tmnaḍt tutlayant tatrgit (tanzruft tadzayrit, n mali, talibit d tnijirit) ar tizwiri n tasut tiss xx dat n wad ssidfn i tikklt-yaḍn imɣnasn imẓrmaziɣrn n tkadimit tamaziɣt.
ass-a, ismemmi umrruk tfinaɣ ig-tt d askkil n tmaziɣt, igan tutlayt tamaddudt n tmurt zɣ 2011 (tettusmatu tfinaɣ aha da tettuman ɣ mani illan : timrsal, tiswak, tirmisin, atiliḍisyun, ifarisn n usadur, isafarn, atg.).
iga awd askkil ittusmrasn dar imaziɣn n ugafa utrim alibi ɣ tirra n tutlayt-nnsn.
dzayr, nna issudedn tamaziɣt ɣ 2016, tsul tḥiṛ gr tfinaɣ d uskkil alatini d uskkil aɛṛab.
issn uskkil-a, ittusmman awd askkil alibi, kigan n tnfliwin zɣ untti-nns ar ass-a. ḍɣi, tlla yat tunɣilt tamaynut, ism-nns tifinaɣ tamaynut tkka-d nik tisnfal tizaykutin.
Azmz azaykusnfl
Asmagnu agrɣlan (unicud)snfl
Sg uḥric wis 4.10 n ṭagnut umi nqqar unicud, iskkiln ṭifinaɣ ungaln zɣ wangal uskil u 2ḍ30 ar u 2ḍ7f. llan ar tura azal n 55 iskkiln i yungaln dg anagraw unicud.
Iskkilnsnfl
Ẓr ulasnfl
- Langue et littérature berbères par Salem Chaker, directeur du Centre de recherche berbère à l'INALCO.
- L'Ecriture amazighe Tifinaghe et Unicode, article paru dans la revue internationale "Etudes et Documents Berbères" vol. 22, 2004 : pp. 175-173, par Lahbib Zenkouar,
- Rapport d'activités du CEISIC (année 2005) par Lahbib Zenkouar, Professeur à l'Ecole Mohammadia d'Ingénieurs (EMI), Rabat (Maroc), Directeur du Centre des Etudes Informatiques, des Systèmes d'Information et de Communication (CEISIC) de l'Institut Royal de la Culture Amazighe (IRCAM)(2002/2006).
- Hapax.qc.ca - Inventaire des oeils (liste Unicode)
- Mondeberbere.com - Tifinagh: l'alphabet berbère de A à Yaz
- Entretien avec M.Ammar Negadi, ex-membre de l'Académie berbère
- Kabyle.com - Entrevue avec Patrick Andries, expert Unicode, au sujet de l'« entrée du tifinagh dans la norme ISO »
- Site sur la culture amazigh, particulièrement la musique amazigh.
- ircam.ma - école amazighe- Site web éducatif, apprendre tifinagh.
Isaɣulnsnfl
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 et 1,2 salim cakir, tutlayt d tskla timaziɣin, mayyu 2004.
- ↑ The Libyc Writing, S. Ait Ali Yahia, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of humanities and Social Sciences Vol:8, No:6, 2014


text:
Si Wikipedia, tasanayt tilellit.
Huawei s tcinwat tatrart 华为, s tcinwat tansayt 華為, isem-is unṣib: Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, d takebbanit n tetiknulujiyin n yisallen d teywalt i ibedden deg useggas n 1987 deg Shenzhen deg tmurt n Ccinwa.
Huawei tqeddec deg ayen icudden ɣer tsenselkimt, iẓeḍwan isenselkamen d tetiknulujiyin n teywayt, atg. Ifuras-is kecmen deg 170 n tmura n umaḍal.
Deg useggas n 2018, takebbanit Huawei tewwi-tt d tis snat (2) deg umaḍal deffir n tkebbanit n Samsung zdat n Apple[1].
Asekkil 華 deg tcinwat lmeɛna-s "Ccinwa", am akken daɣen i yesɛa anamek n "yelha", "yecbaḥ" neɣ "igarrez" . Asekkil 為 ɣur-s anamek n "tigawt" neɣ "axeddim ummid". Huawei ihi mi ara t-nsuqel ɣer teqbaylit ad d-yefk "axeddim yelhan" neɣ "taɣawsa igarrzen (yelhan)".
- ↑ Huawei teṭṭef amḍiq wissin deg umaḍal s deffir n Apple... qbel taggara n useggas, frandroid.com. (s tefransist)


text:
Wikipidya:Amud
Amud iga-t umgrad nɣ amnni lli bahra imẓẓiyn, ɣ tugt n imdyatn, ar gi-sn ttilin ɣar snat nɣ kṛaḍt twinas nɣ yan ar sin igʷṭman. Zun d anaw-ad n imgradn ur ufin ad sslkmn umlan nɣ ad sawln f imrsi nns mzyan ɣmk lli s ixṣṣa ad t-iskr, abla iɣ yadlli iṭṭaf imrsi ann ttmi yidrus mad nẓḍar ad t gi-s nini. Ɣayad ad ittajjan amnni-ad ad ur ig yan umgrad asmafrn: wid mẓẓiyn ixṣṣa-tn ɣar ad imɣurn, ad buɣlun umlan lli gi-sn illan.
Mad ixṣṣa ad zgis nrar lbal
Iɣ ar tsnfalt nɣ ar tsbddalt kra ɣ kra n usnfal igan "amud", iqqan-k-id ad bdda tkʷtit mas d atig n umgrad ar bdda ittili ɣ tɣarast nna s rad t tsbuɣlut bac ad yimɣur ad irwas imgradn ifulkin.
Llan kra n tɣawsiwin iqqan f usmras n Wikipidya ad tn issn d ad gi-sn irar lbal qbl ad yadda ar ittara ɣ kran umgrad igan "amud". Anaw ad n imgradn ula nttni ixṣṣa ad ḥtarmn ccuruṭ n usnflul n tasna nɣ amgrad amaynu, d ad raɛin iwtta nna akk iggzn n tiṛwi ḥ imgradn n "amud".
Tlla daɣ yat talɣa n "amud", skrn-tt id bu Wikipidya, iqqan-k-id ad tt-tsrst ɣ tasna-nnk ddu tirra kudd nna thiyyit. S umdya kyyi ar tettarat kra n umgrad izdin d umzruy tkmlt-t, iɣ imẓẓiy d ur ili atig, ixṣṣa walabdda ad as tgt talɣa n "amud". Iɣ tt ur tufit ɣ ammas n talɣiwin, add ka f Wikipidya:Talɣa n Amud, rad k-yawi uzday ad nnican s tasna n talɣa.
Tasniwin n Ayt Wikipidya
Tiwisi
- Manmk a s rad araɣ amgrad ifulkin ?
- Manmk s rad alsɣ yism i kran tasna ?
- Manmk ad tga taɣarast n tirra n imgradn ?
- Tiwisi i tirra n imgradn


text:
Taddart n Lqalus tura trab.Qqaren asmi-tt mazal tebded, yella deg-s yiwen uḥeddad yesea cci, yerna Yur-s tameṭṭut tzad di ṣṣifa.Yiwen...Read more
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text:
Deg tdiwennit-a, newwi-d awal akked Lyazid Ouerdi, yiwen ilemẓi, d aselmad n tmaziɣt, ɣef udlis-is i d-yessuffɣen ussan yezrin s uzwel ‘’Abruy si tsekla tagraɣlant’’. Yemmeslay-d, diɣ, ɣef leqdic-is s umata, tamuɣli-s ɣef tsekla tqbaylit/tamaziɣt akked yisnfaren-is n sya d afella.
Aɣmis n yimaziɣen : Yeffeɣ-d udlis-ik ussan-agi iɛddan s uzwel ‘’Abruy si tsekla tagraɣlant’’. I wacuɣer dɣa azwel-a ?
Lyazid Ouerdi : Abruy si tsekla tagraɣlant, d azwel i as-fkiɣ i udlis-iw, acku deg-s ugar n 40 n yiḍrisen i d-suɣleɣ seg yidles agraɣlan( timucuha, tineqqisin, tinfusin, tullisin, tidyanin, iḍrisen n usfukel d usegzi d tmedyazt) Daɣ-netta, di taggara n yal aḍris, ad tafem aɣbalu ansi i t-id-wwiɣ.
Amek i d-yella ufran n yiḍrisen n udlis-a ?
Yella-d ufran n yiḍrisen s tɣuriyin ay ttgaɣ yal ass i yidlisen, iɣmisen, tisɣunin, …n tutlayin tiberraninyin. Dɣa mi ufiɣ aḍris yelha, yezmer ad d-yernu abaɣur i yimeɣri, yerna ulac-it di tutlayt-nneɣ, ad geɣ assisen i wakken ad t-id-suɣleɣ wa ad as-fkeɣ udem icebḥen s teqbaylit/ tamaziɣt.
Acu i ak-ideggren ɣer leqdic am wa (iswiyen) ? Ahat, gar-asen, d lexsas n tewsatin n yiḍrisen i d-tettmagarem deg uɣerbaz imi kečč s timmad-ik d aselmad ?
D tidet, ugar n 10 n yiseggasen deg uselmed, ddeqs n tikkal ay d-mmuggreɣ lexṣaṣ n yiḍrisen di kra n wanawen, dɣa neqqel nettales-asen-d tikwal. D ayen i yeskecmen deg-i lḥir i wakken ad d-greɣ iman-iw, ɣas s ubruy, ɣer uḥric n tira.
Anwa amaru aqdim i ijebden mlih iḥufan-ik s tira-s ?
Akk imura n teqbaylit iqdimen, ḥemmleɣ ad ten-ɣreɣ. Ur zmireɣ ara ad smenyifeɣ gar-asen, acku d nutni i yerẓan asalu, i aɣ-d-ineǧren abrid s littee i wakken ass-a ad nemmeslay, ad naru yerna ad nesselmed s tutlayt n tyemmat. Ihi, tajmilt tameqqrant i nutni ( Bulifa, Meemmri, Beleid At Ɛli,Racid Ɛellic…).
D acu twalaḍ deg yimura-agi imaynuten ?
Tamuɣli-w ɣer yimura n tura: D tin n usirem d yiseɣ imi aṭas i d-yegren iman-nsen ɣer tira s yiɣunab imaynuten, s yisental igerrzen ɣas ulamma ttawilat xuṣṣen mliḥ. Ilaq ad ten-nessebɣas ugar, ad d-naɣ idlisen-nsen i wakken ad kemmlen isurifen ɣr sdat. Ilaq, diɣ, ad ten-wellhen ugar wid yesean tarmit i wakken ad d-fken ugar n tmussni i yidles-nneɣ
Awal ɣef tsekla taqbaylit/tamaziɣt…
Tasekla taqbaylit/tamaziɣt, tger-d isurifen imeqqranen ɣas ulamma mazal ggunin-tt yieekkiren d lexṣaṣ n ttawilat. Ɣas ulamma acqirrew meqqer i wid yettarun, maca yal tikkelt nferreḥ acku gellun-d s ubaɣur i tutlayt d yidles. Tasekla n teqbaylit/tmaziɣt, mazal ad tefti, ad tennerni imi tesea wid i tt-irefden.
Mebla ccekk, tesɛiḍ isenfaren deg uḥric n tsekla. Ma tzemreḍ ad d-taddreḍ kra deg-sen ?
Aṭas n yisenfaren ay mazal deg wallaɣ-iw, ssarameɣ ad ten-id-aruɣ d idlisen. Ɣas ttawilat d xuṣṣen, acuan mazal amecwar ad t-kemmleɣ deg uḥric-a n usuɣel seg tutlayin tiberraniyin ɣer teqbaylit/ tamaziɣt. Ur tteeṭṭileɣ ara ad bduɣ ammud-nniḍen n yiḍrisen s mennaw n yisental i ssarameɣ ad yall iselmaden d yimeɣriyen n tmaziɣt.
Awal-ik n taggara…
Awal n taggara: Tanemmirt ɣef tdiwennit-a d leqder i tettgem s yineɣmasen n Uɣmis n yimaziɣen i wid iqeddcen ɣef tutlayt n tyemmat.Tanemmirt i wid akk i yi-d-yefkan afus n tallelt d ufud i wakken ad d-suffɣeɣ adlis-iw. Ad kfuɣ awal-iw s wawal n Maetub Lwennas fell-as yeefu Rebbi : « Meskud mazal tarwa n leḥlal, tamurt ad as-nbeddel udem ». Leqder d yiseɣ i wid iwumi tella tutlayt n tyemmat deg wul d wid yerẓan asalu i wakken tutlayt-nneɣ ad d-tifrir ass-a wa ad tger iqeddimen s wazal-nsen ɣer sdat.
Yesteqsa-t Hocine Moula


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Ḥamid Qasimi neɣ Ḥamid Aɛiban, akken i as-ssawalen, d yiwen unɛaybu teclex ddunit seg wasmi yella d ilemẓi armi i t-teccelqef lmut si ddunit asmi yessaweḍ 36 n yiseggasen di tudert-is. Yettwassen deg uzniq n ccna, d yiwen unaẓur i d-yufraren s tezlitt-is » Ur zṛiY anda leḥḥuY » i d-yeffYen deg useggas n 1996 : yiwet n tezlitt i d-yessawalen Yef waṭṭan-is imi ur yezmir ad yeddu Yef yiḍaren-is . Ḥamid, iḍal-d Yer ddunit ass n umenzu di yulyu 1968, deg Ziwi yiwet n taddart i d-yezgan di tYaltin n Uqfadu, anda yettidir akked yimawlan-is armi d asmi yesɛa 5 n yiseggasen i terza tyita-nniḍen, lmut yewwin baba-s yeǧǧa-n mmi-s d aleqqal yernu ur yezmir ad yeddu am netta am tizya-s.
D acu kan, teqqim-d yemma-s Keltum i t-irefden armi yessaweḍ 16 n yiseggasen, syin ula d nettat daYen, terna Yer urgaz-is Buzid . Yeqqim-d d agujil mebla lwali imi wid ɛzizen fell-as d wid t-irefden ruḥen, yeqqim yettwarez. Cwi kan, yefka-as Rebbi sber deg yisefra : yessefra Yef tayri, tudert, aṭṭan-is…atg. Aɛiban, iban-d i tikkelt taneggarut deg yiwen n tmeYra n umeddakkel-is. Ikemmel Ḥamid Qasimi iseggasen i as-id-yeqqimen deg uxxam n uletma-s, d nutni i t-irefden s ccuq, bedden Yer tama-s armi d asmi yerna Yer yimawlan-is ass n, 24 di Yuct 2004, deg sbiṭer n Sidi Ɛic . Sgunfu deg talwit a Ḥamid. S yisem-is ad nerfed asefru i wakken ad t-naru deg uYerbaz ad tlemden. S yis-k, s tmedyazt-nwen ara tedder wa tettidir tutlayt d yidles amaziɣ.Taqbaylit ur ak-tettu imi ‘’Tatut, tugar lmut’’.
AsYaṛ i deg ṭṭfeY yeclex-d
Tazmert, ulaḥed,
ZṛiY zher-iw ixuṣ.
xas ulac Yef acu ara nbedd
Akken ad nezdi lqedd
Di lehdur nseftutus.
D temzi i ixeddmen Yef temYer
win itteddun izeṛ,
D acu ideṛṛun di ddunit.
Mačči am waṭṭan-iw yewɛer
CbiY amesmaṛ,
Tugi ad i yi-d teggri talwit.
Wagi d asefru aɛiban,
Ur nesɛi imawlan, Iḥekk-d Yef ddunit-is.
Ayen iḥus ur as-nettḥussu,
Yeqqim la yettru,
Yezṛa teǧǧa-t tezmert-is.
Tarik Benali


text:
quill uqill qiull iqull uiqll iuqll qulil uqlil qluil lquil ulqil luqil qilul iqlul qliul lqiul ilqul liqul uilql iulql uliql luiql iluql liuql quill uqill qiull iqull uiqll iuqll qulil uqlil qluil lquil ulqil luqil qilul iqlul qliul lqiul ilqul liqul uilql iulql uliql luiql iluql liuql qulli uqlli qluli lquli ulqli luqli qulli uqlli qluli lquli ulqli luqli qllui lqlui qllui lqlui llqui llqui ullqi lulqi ullqi lulqi lluqi lluqi qillu iqllu qlilu lqilu ilqlu liqlu qillu iqllu qlilu lqilu ilqlu liqlu qlliu lqliu qlliu lqliu llqiu llqiu illqu lilqu illqu lilqu lliqu lliqu uillq iullq ulilq luilq ilulq liulq uillq iullq ulilq luilq ilulq liulq ulliq luliq ulliq luliq lluiq lluiq illuq liluq illuq liluq lliuq lliuq
Note: these 'words' (valid or invalid) are all the permutations of the word quill. These words are obtained by scrambling the letters in quill.


text:
Aseɣzef n wakaten n ukman amuran deg 40 n twilayinAsamas, 15 Ɣuct 2021 13:08
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yeɣtes uneɣlaf amenzu, Aimene Benabderrahmane, ad yesseɣzef akaten n ukman amuran deg uxxam (seg tis 8:00 ɣer uzekka-nni ɣef tis 6:00) deg 40 n twilayin i tallit n 15 n wussan seg wass n usamas 15 Ɣuct 2021 d asawen.
Inguzen mgal Zzayer d tilawt maca tezmer ad d-telhu yid-sen s tredsaAkras, 04 Ɣuct 2021 13:39
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Inguzen ay d-ttheyyin kra mgal Zzayer maci deg tsugint ay llan, akken ay d-ttinin kra seg wid icikken deg waya, wanag d tilawt « ibanen », d acu kan, taredsa tezmer ad ten-tqabel, ɣef wakken ay d-iwekked, ass n usinas deg Zzayer, ujiniṛal n tfekka n tredsa, Said Chanegriha, aɣella n umaddad, deg tfugla n usdabu n umenzaḍ amaynu n temsetla taɣelnawt, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n umzaɣ aɣelnaw.
Aḍḍan n Covid-19: Tukfiwin n tgezzayt ad d-qament i wayyur n ƔuctAsinas, 03 Ɣuct 2021 11:57
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Iwekked-d uneɣlaf n tdawsa, Apṛufisur Abderrahmane Benbouzid, ass n uynas deg Zzayer Tamaneɣt, dakken tukfiwin ay tesɛa Zzayer n tgezzayt mgal unfafad bu uqacuc « ad d-qament » yernu yal yiwen yessefk ad yezrek aneggaf adawsan akken ad tettwammesten tmetti seg ubayyur-a.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: Ad ttwaǧwen 9.000 n yislammasen seg-a ɣef 10 n wussanAynas, 02 Ɣuct 2021 13:44
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yenna-d uɣlif n temguri, deg yiwen n ulɣu, dakken imsemhal iwesfaren ad d-aǧwen, seg-a ɣef 10 n wussan, 9.000 n yislammasen n wuksijin.
Aḍḍan n Covid-19: Tiɣri i yimidyaten akken ur slummusen ara kan ɣef yisalan n diriAkwas, 29 Yulyu 2021 09:17
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Iger-d tiɣri Udabu n Useɣyed n Usliẓri, ass n ukras, deg yiwen n ulɣu, i yimedyaten akken « ad ssinfen i uslummes yekkan i tlisa ɣef yisalan ibawen » yerzan anfafad bu uqacuc yernu yessefk ad d-yili waya i usenqes n tuggdi d tayest deg tmetti.
Akman adawsan: Asigel n tẓilla timazdayin deg tmesgidiwinAsinas, 27 Yulyu 2021 11:18
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ixebber-d uɣlif n yiweẓla isɣananen, deg yiwen n ulɣu ay d-yessuffeɣ ass n uynas, dakken ad ttwaddmen kra n wakaten yerzan akman amuran deg 35 n twilayin n tmurt ɣef lǧal n waḍḍan n Covid-19 yernu gar-asen yella usigel n tẓilla timazdayin deg tmesgidiwin yellan deg twilayin-a.
Aḍḍan n Covid-19: Tagnit tasenbayyurant « tesɣilif », afṣad d tifrat tayiwnantAkwas, 22 Yulyu 2021 09:36
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yenna-d uneɣlaf n tdawsa, Abderrahmane Benbouzid, ass n ukras, dakken tagnit tasenbayyurant deg Zzayer d tin aydeg yerna umḍan n yimuḍinen n Covid-19 s tɣawla yernu aya d « yesɣilif », am wakken ay d-iwekked dakken afṣad yettɣimi-d d tifrat tayiwnant i umennuɣ mgal tkaɣreft-a.
Aḍḍan n Covid-19: Ad teqqel Zzayer ad d-tettaǧew 3 n yimelyunen n tukfiwin n tgezzayt i wayyurAsimwas, 16 Yulyu 2021 09:11
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ixebber-d, ass n ukwas, umutlay n Tseqqimt n Uḍfar n Umhaz n Tkaɣreft n Unfafad bu Uqacuc, Djamel Fourar, dakken aɣlif n tdawsa ad yeqqel ad d-yettaǧew kraḍ (3) n yimelyunen n tukfiwin n tgezzayt mgal unfafad bu uqacuc i wayyur.
Aḍḍan n Covid-19: Timesɣiwt n 1,6 d amelyun n tukfiwin n tgezzayt seg CcinwaAsinas, 13 Yulyu 2021 08:07
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yers-d yiwen n usafag n umesni aredsan, ass n usamas tameddit, deg uzadur agennan n Bufarik (Leblida), yewwi-d yid-s amelyun d sḍiset n tmaḍ n yigiman (1.600.000) n tukfiwin n tgezzayt mgal waḍḍan n Covid-19 ay d-yekkan seg Tegduda Taɣerfant n Ccinwa, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n uynas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n umzaɣ aɣelnaw.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 318 n tejṛa timaynutin, 232 n tujjyiwin d 6 n tmettaninAynas, 14 Yunyu 2021 11:37
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d kraḍt n tmaḍ d mraw tamet (318) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 232 n tujjyiwin d 6 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.


text:
Ad yili usiweḍ n Usarag Aɣelnaw Aqbayli ass n Lǧemea 31 Tubeṛ srid seg Wat Waeban ar umaṭṭad Tamurt.
Nnig waya, ad yili uskasi ɣef leqdicat ara yilin dɣa zemren yimsefliden ad kkin s laṛyuy-nsen neɣ s yisteqsiyen i ɣef ara d-rren yinebgawen n tedwilt d imeɣnasen, d imdebbṛen deg umussu n Ufraniman akked Unabaḍ Ueḍil.
Si 9 n ṣṣbeḥ (10 di Fṛansa) ad tebdu tedwilt srid seg Wat Waeban.
http://www.radiotamurt.com/ d asmel n umaṭṭaf; win yebɣan ad yekki ad yessiwel s ttawil n skype.
Tamurt n Yiqbayliyen – Asarag Aɣelnaw Aqbayli srid si ṛṛadyu Tamurt
Ad yili usiweḍ n Usarag Aɣelnaw Aqbayli ass n Lǧemea 31 Tubeṛ srid seg Wat Waeban ar umaṭṭad Tamurt.


text:
Tivrmt n bulowan
Tlla tvrmt n bulowan g 75 kilumiïë g iffus n lqblt n tmdint n ljdida. Ttuga xf uksar n yan uqcmir isksiwn xf uzavar n dkkala, g tsga taçlmaät n wasif n umm ëëbio.
Amzruy n tvrmt ad ur bahra ittyassan, sg tasut tis sa d mraw, d illa mayttin masd taçkkawt n tvrmt ad tlla xf ufus n lmwppidin, maca urta illi mayd issn tidrt nns, is tlla wahli aya, nvd tlla aflla xf kra n tvrmt taqburt.
Ttuçkka tvrmt ad g uzmz n ããlïan mulay smaoil asgg°as 1710, xf ufus n lbaca bu otman soid bn lxyyaï, v wammas n ubrid n jar fas d mëëakc. S mayana tavul tga yan g idvarn d ibrdan lli ittkka ããlïan v akud ann, tg ilmma asrs n usmxllf n iyysayn n inmvurn ioalawiyn gr ëëbaï d mëëakc. Rnu as, mas tga tvrmt ad yat tvarast lli äfaën inbbaän puma ad srsn ifassn nnsn xf dkkala d ccawya d ëëpamna.
Tivrmt ad digs tAsgda tamkkuçt, d smmus n lbëuj kan ivrban nnsn s tsga tayffust, g lbëj anammas, ittuëçm yan iflw amqran s içëan ittuëcmn, g ubrid immunän. Ilin dav lbëuj yaänin g tsga tiççlmät. Agadir n tsga n tagut digs lbëj g uzgn n uwrarray, yili tasga nns yan lbëj avzzaf. Ïïfnt çaës wahli n tg°mma timççanin s tlla yat tiflut g äart, ar tssufuv s asif, sg ubrid bahra ifrvn.
G tvrmt, illa uzduv g illa lbëj qqarn as « daë ããlïan », jaj nns, illa ujmir, asarud, tidaliwin icnan, s tçuëi days illan. D g ugns n tvrmt ddv, ar nttafa tipuna n usvnzi, d irpbiyn, d tmzgida, d tisgit. G tsga n lqblt xf wasif, kud tddut ittmyattay uvaras xf sin ivrban lli illan, puma ad gn abrid ittawin s tdala takswat, lli g llant tskkuta ioëëcn aïïas, d isarudn n idwln win tissi.
Tudf tvrmt ad g wayda anamur, s uäahië n 11 mars 1924 (avmis amaddud 599, g abril 1924, 658).


text:
Xadija bintu Xuwaylid
Xadija illis n Xuwaylid bnt Asad taquraycit tlul ɣ 68 dat.hi tmmut 3 dat.hi (556 m - 620 m) tga ymmas n imumnen d tamzwarut zɣ timɣarin n urqqas Muḥammad taẓallit n rbbi fllas d ymmas n kul tarwa nns war arraw nns Ibrahim, tddr Xadija d urqqas ɣ uzmz n zɣ dat n Lbiɛta tanabawit , tkkatin ar tsḥussu s nnubuwa n urgaz nns, tkkatin ar ttɛtana s tigmmi nns d tarwa nns, ar ttsiyyr tirkafin n tsbbabt, ar tḥyyal i urqqas Muḥammad aynna ira ɣ ufuɣ nns s ifri n ḥara, d lliɣ ysggiz rbbi lwaḥy nns f urqqas , tga Xadija tamzwarut zɣ win tyumen , tdda sis s arraw n ɛmmis n Waraqa Bn Nufa nna ybccrt mas iga urqqas tumast, tga tamzwarut zɣ win yumnen s urqqas zɣ irgazn d tmɣarin , d tamzwarut nna yttuḍḍan d tẓẓul, tɣimi dffir maya tṣbṛ d urqqas ɣ iskrkisn n qurayc d taɛaddu nns f imuslmn, ar ma ylla lḥiṣar n Qurayc f Bani Hacim d Bani Almuṭṭalib ɣ cciɛab n Abi Ṭalib, tltaḥq s urgaz nns ɣ cciɛab, tzzri ma yzzri Banu Hacim zɣ laẓ d waṭṭan nig kraḍ isggasn, dffir ma yfukk ufrag f urqqas n rbbi d win dis yllan tuḍn Xadija. Tmmut Xadija dffir tamttant n ɛmmis n urqqas Abi Ṭalib n Ɛabd Lmuṭṭalib s kraḍ wussan.
Tiɣbula[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Asuɣl zɣ Wikipidya s tamaziɣt tanawayt


text:
Yella-d ufares n usaru-a s uttekki n Wammas azzayri i usnefli n tegsarut akked teṛmist « Roadcom ». « Il Reviendra » (Ad yuɣal), d asaru awezlan n 30 n tmikin, yeḥka-d yiwet n teḥkayt yeḍran deg useggas 1997. Yebdan usaru deg tmesrit n useṭṭel n Salem, d amdan yesɛan deg leɛmer-is gar 40 akked 50 n yiseggasen, la yesɛedday ass-is aneggaru deg tḥanut-is, acku yebɣ ad yeḥbes armud-iq akken ad tt-yezzenz.
Mi yekker ad isekker taḥanut-is, ikcem-d Zaki akked baba-s ɣer tmesrit, d aqcic ilan deg leɛmer-is 8 n yiseggasen. Yeɛreḍ ubabat-nni ad iqenneɛ Salem akken ad as-yeǧǧ mmi-s ad as-iseṭṭel. Yessegzi-yas dakken yesɛa yiwet n tɣawsa taxatart ad tt-yeg sakkin ad yuɣal ad yawi.
Yebda Salem la yetteṭṭil i uqcic-nni s uqeṣṣer yid-s, dɣa cwiṭ akka, seg id-yeɣli yiḍ, slan teṭṭerḍeq lbumba deg yiwet n tezniqt tanaragt ideg d-teḍra txazabit gan yiremmaɣen.
Ababat n uqcic mazal i d-yuɣal, yufa-d iman-is Salem weḥd-s akked Zaki, i d-yurar akken yessefk yilemẓi Nazim Benaidja ɣer yidis n yizeffanen-iḍen gar-asen Slimane Benouari, Souha Oulha, Ouahid Achour akked Mohamed Bendaoued.


text:
Imzwiɣ
Mars nɣd Imzwiɣ iga yan utri wis kkuz li ur agugnin f tafukt. Imzwiɣ iga amtiwg wiss kkuẓ i yaẓn i tfukt d umtiwg imẓẓiyn wiss sin ɣ unagraw nnɣ. Taẓuɣi n tasna nns tuckad zzɣ uksid n uzzal (tanikt).
Mqqaṛ Imzwiɣ imqqur ɣir f uzgn n wakal, macc mmrwasn ɣ kigan n tɣawsiwin, imzwiɣ iṭṭaf tasna tasulilant, d kra n idɣarn igrisnan n usfaylu, d wass ɣ imzwiɣ yuti win akal ɣar s 40 n tusdidt, d ar as yakka ukuttr aguman timsẓwin zund tin akal darnɣ (mqqaṛ kra yan gisn ar ittkka ma ilkkmn ar anuḍu n tiɣzi nns).
Iṭṭaf umtiweg n Yimezwiɣ idraren zund amtiweg n Wakal d Umaḍan, d g idurar i yakkʷ ittussann g Imezwiɣ igat ukeswar n Ulimbus (S teng: Olympus).
Iga Ulimbus akeswar d udrar i yakkʷ imqquṛen g Unagraw Anafuk, d ar telkkem tiɣzi nns gr 23 ar 25 km, d mayad ar aɣ immalla mas iɣezzif f udrar n Iviriset s kṛaḍt tikkal, d ar telkkem turrut n tesila nns ma yelkkmen kra n 600 km.
Asamu[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Awum aknunnay: 6 792 akilumitr.
- Abddur: 6,4 × 10²³ akilugram.
- Astum f tfukt: 228 agndid akilumitr.
- Azmz n wannaḍ: 1,3 n wass.
- Azmz n uḥbu anafuk: 1,88 usgg°as.
- Aẓẓug n tsna: 3,7 M/S².
- Tirɣi n tsna: -63 °C.
- Tirɣi - anbdu: 17 °C
- Tirɣi - tagrst: -140 °C
Tasna[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Imzwiɣ dars imuɣlan idramatikin, d ikswarn yattuynin d unagraw n wasif akswat. d iṭṭaf adrar i kullu imqqurn ɣ ku imtiwgn n unagraw anafuk (ulimbus muns) d wasif i kullu imqqurn ula ntta (valis marinaris).
Aman[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Llan kigan n inmmaln idusn mas d tigniwt n imzwiɣ tṭṭaf yadlli tuqqna uggar n ɣil, d llan yad lli gis waman ɣ tsna nns, d llan kigan n inmmaln tiyyaḍ ar ttinin mas sul gis llan waman ɣ ddu n tsna nns.
Tamdayt[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Irxa a ittuẓṛa imzwiɣ zzɣ akal s tiṭṭ, acku ar ittnunnt ɣ yiḍ zund kra n itri.
Tanɣa[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ifrki n bṛṛa iga anbɣur s usilikun, uksijin, uzzal, amgnizyum, alaminyum, akalsyum, aputasyum. i nẓmaṛ attn nswwuri ɣ usbuɣlu n imal n tuzdɣt n ufgan ɣ imzwiɣ.
Taduli[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Taduli n usilikat ad iskrn imuɣlin ittuẓlanin n umtiwg.
Wul[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Zund akal, tuqqna n ul n imzwiɣ tggut zzɣ uzzal d inikl, d tlla gis ma ilkkmn ar 17% n wawḍis, ma yujjan ul ad ig ablulu yan imikk.
Ayyurn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Iṭṭaf umtiwg n imzwiɣ sin ayyurn amzwaru assaɣ nns fubus.


text:
Ramdane Achour, d aɛeggal n tesmilt i d-yettheggin amawal n tedbelt. Nesteqsa-t ɣer wamek i d-yella leqdic-a, yerra-d :
Asenfar am wa, siwa gellu ara d-yeglu s ubaɣur i tutlayt. Tamezwarut, d azray seg uzamul ɣer tilawt. Aẓayer n tutlayt di tmenḍawt, tuwi-d ad yuɣal d igan. Tis snat, asidef n tmaziɣt ɣer tedbelt yesḍulli aṭas. Yessefk ad taɣ tutlayt deg tsuda n uwanek, ad d-tkad deg-sent. Asidef-a, d yiwen gar yisigan (procédés) ara tt-id-yekksen seg uẓayer n tutlayt yettwagelzen. D yiwen gar wallalen s-way-s ara tidir tutlayt. Ad tezbu mgal ayen akk yekkaten ad tt-yessenger. Asmuzzeɣ n tedbelt (taswiet-a, kra kan seg tedbelt) d yiwen ubrid gar wiyiḍ s ara tsihrew tutlayt tiɣula uɣur tudef. Ad d-yernu d asurif niḍen, ɣer wadaf tudef s aɣerbaz akked wallalen n teywalt.
D takkayt deg ukala (processus) aɣezzfan ara tt-yawin seg timawit ɣer tira. Ad tekkes ajellab n tutlayt yettwagelzen, ad tels talaba n tutlayt tatrart, seg tutlayt yettuḍerrfen ɣer tutlayt tatrart ara yizmiren ad d-tsenfali kra yellan deg tudert n wass-a. Abrid ad yiɣzif, ad yili deg-s usawen, maca ad yessiweḍ ɣer yiswi. Tella tayeḍ, deg temsal-a, ulawumi tuffɣa n leeqel.Tlaq tarrayt tussnant. Uqbel ad d-yesnulfu bnadem awal, ad inadi qbel ma ulac awal yellan yakan. Ma terra-t tmara ad d-yesnulfu, yessefk ad yezrek (qadeṛ) ilugan n tutlayt, ad d-isukk tiṭ ɣef yiẓuran n wawalen n tentaliwin akk n tmaziɣt, akken ad d-yaf win ilan kra seg unamek yettnadi. Mi ara yaleɣ wawal, tuwi-d ad yili yemṣada d wamek nnumen medden neṭṭqen imesla n teqbaylit.
Talɣa n wawal, yessefk ad tili temyezga-d d talɣa n wawal n teqbaylit.. mačči d asenteḍ kan. Deg taggara, riɣ ad d-iniɣ belli yuweḍ-d yimir deg ara nekkes deewessu n yimezwura ur nsemres tira. Refden tid n medden. Ma texḍa teqaylit, ula d nekkni ad nexḍu. Ulamek ara neg tafenṭazit s wayla n medden. Deg temnaḍt-agi nneɣ, taqbaylit, yessefk ad tili d tutlayt tamezwarut. D nettat ara yawin tama n ufella, ama deg uxxam, ama deg uɣerbaz, ama…mulac ad nesburr tacḍaḍt n ddel n wiyiḍ.
Hocine Moula


text:
Deg yiwet n tdiwennit ay iga d uɣmis n Al-Quds Al-Arabi, yenna-d Mass Rahabi dakken « mi ara neqleɛ seg umenzay dakken timsal tiɣellisanin ur nezmir ad nebḍu gar-asent, maci d ayen imeɛnen ma nennebges akken ad nennaɣ mgal tremɣa imi ay tḍurr taɣellist d urkad igraɣlanen, maca, seg yidis niḍen, nrennu azatim i tmest yernu nesmendag amyenkaf aredsan, deg temnaḍt-a s udhal n Meṛṛuk deg taɣert-nnes ».
Ɣef leḥsab n Mass Rahabi, « addud-a n sin n lmizanat deg temsal n tɣellist ur yenfiɛ ara arkad n temnaḍt », yernu iwekked-d dakken arkad n temnaḍt adennit ad yekk ɣef tifrat d tagarant yernu d timezgit n temsalt n Tniri Tutrimt war leɛḍil s tuqqla ɣer ukala asertan d yistagen usriden s uḍfar n tesmektayt ayɣef ay mtawan sin n yidisan n umyenkaf akken ad faken tazɣent-nsen.
Deg wayen yerzan tuqqla n yimenɣi gar Meṛṛuk d Terni n Polisario deffir utɛeddi ay tga tredsa n uwdag ameṛṛuki mgal yinmeskanen imelwiyen iwniriyen deg Lgergarat, yenna-d Mass Rahabi dakken « amgaru-a yebda-d asmi ay yettwaqber ukala asertan deg 1991 », yernu iwekked-d dakken amgaru-a yesmekti-d amɣiwan agraɣlan s wugur-a d uɣref-a yettwattun 30 n yiseggasen aya, yernu s waya, yessefk ad d-afen tifrat s tɣawla i wugur-a.
Adiplumati-a aqbur yerna-d dakken « timura timeqqranin d Tdukli Tuṛufit yessefk ad steɛṛfen dakken yettili-d usmeɛreq n tidet deg umyenkaf-a ay yettkemmilen seg 1975, yernu yenna-d dakken akk timura qqlent ggarent-d tiɣri i tifrat tasertant d tamelwit ara iḍemnen i Yiwniriyen azref n uguccelman.


text:
Aɣrum
Aɣṛum iga yat tirmt tamatayt ittuskarn s uggurn d waman, d ila s umata tisnt. Ɣ umzruy, iga tirmt izwarn akk ɣ bahra n tmizar. Nttat ad igan tirmt akk iqburn ittuskarn s ufus n ufgan, d istuhmma bahra zɣ ussnti n uzmz n tfllaḥt. Iṭṭaf ula tiwuriwin tidlsanin yaḍn (tunnunt, timyurin... ).
Aɣṛum iẓḍar ad ixmr s imikrubn, niɣ s ikimitn, niɣ s uswḍu nna ittsuffun aɣṛum. Ɣ mnnawt n tmizar, aɣṛum n ugadaz ar gis ittili timrniwin nna as isnfaln aklu, tudrt, asyufu, d tɣawsiwin yaḍnin.
Ar ittwwu uɣṛum ɣ ufrnu aqbur niɣ afrnu igan win aɣṛum, niɣ tiɣarasin yaḍn (s umdya: iẓṛan rɣanin). Askkir n uɣṛum iga tawuri n buɣṛum. D buɣṛum ula nttan ar izznza aɣṛum.
Abrbr iga taɣarast akk iqburn n uskkir n utci. Buɣṛum iga t amskar n uɣṛum.
Ifrdisn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ifrdisn ucciln n uɣṛum:
- Aggurn
- Tuxmirt
- Tisnt
- Aman
D ɣ kraygat wanaw illa mad ittrnun: Tiglay, Akʷfay, Askkaṛ, Tudit, Azatim.
Asmuttg[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tanfalit[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Iṭṭaf uɣṛum isqquln ɣ dar id buɣṛum izzulann: Agḍam n waman ɣ uɣṛum nttan ad asqqul akk istuhmman ɣ uskkir n uɣṛum, acku iṭṭaf laṭṛ f talɣa n uɣṛum. Irdn iqqurn ar issumum 62% n waman, macc irdn isdidn ɣas 56%. Tuggt n id buɣṛum ar ttggan ngr 60% d 75% n waman. 500 gram n uggurn ar yakka snat tkumirin.
Aggurn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Aggurn iga t irdn iẓḍan. Aggurn ar yakka talɣa izwarn n uɣṛum. Ar as yakka ula aprutin lli rad gis yili. Tumayt n uprutin ɣ uggurn nttat ad immaln bahra tayufa n lɛjint n uɣṛum d ula aɣṛum iwwan. Waxxa nẓḍar ad nskr aɣṛum s kraygat wanaw n uɣṛum, yuf ad tili tumayt n uprutin ngr 12% d 14%.
Aggurn ar ittuxlaḍ d tuxmirt d tisnt. Tisnt (akluṛid n uṣudyum) ar ttrnu tamimt n uɣṛum d ar tssidrus tawuri n tuxmirt. Ar tswuri ula f talɣa tamatayt n uɣṛum s ussidus n uglutin. Kra n id buɣṛum ar ffaln tisnt, niɣ ar as ttggan dffir 20 n tusdidt bac ad isunfu, ɣayad ar ittaws i tawṭulizt (autolyse) n lɛjint.
Aswḍu[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Aɣṛum iswḍan iga t iɣ ixmr s usinuksid n ukaṛbun. Zɣ tuẓẓumt n tasut tiss 19, ittwassn wanaw ad n uɣṛum s tɣarast n uswḍu ɣ Tgldit Imunn. Tamssurt n Uɣṛum Iswḍn (Aerated Bread Company) ad tt yadlli iskarn, tzznz gis bahra. Tbda tmssurt ad ɣ usggʷas n 1862, tbdd ɣ usggʷas n 1955.
Tawuri n uglutin ɣ uskkir n uɣṛum[1][ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Aglutin d ugliyadin gan iprutinn ittyafan ɣ uɣṛum. Aglutin nttan ad iskarn aẓṭṭa n uɣṛum s tɣarast n tilggʷitin usulfid. Aglutin illa bahra ɣ irdn. Ɣayad ad yujjan middn ad bahra ssmrasn irdn f tumẓin.
Amzruy[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Azmz aqbur[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ɣ Miṣṛa[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar nttini is ibayn uɣṛum ɣ dar imiṣṛiyn. Nttni ad yufan is iɣ tsmrkst irdn ẓḍanin s wanan n Unil ar ttuff lɛjint. Ɣ usggʷas n 300 dat n lmasiḥ, ibda uskkir n tuxmirt ɣ dar id buɣṛum insbaɣurn n Miṣṛa.
Ɣ Ṛuma[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ula ɣ dar iṛumiyn, aɣṛum iga tirmt n kraygat ass, ntta d tgulla. Ɣ uzmz n Ṭrajan, ibda usslmd n uskkir n uɣṛum. Ɣayad yujja id buɣṛum ad igutn ɣ uzmz nns. Ibdr Plin Aqbur, is ɣ uzmz n Ugust, illa uggar n 329 n id buɣṛum ɣ Ruma.[2]
Aɣṛum ittyafan ɣ Pompay ttubḍant s tɣarast n igrikiyn f igzman.
Anawn n uɣṛum[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Iẓḍaṛ ad inaḥya uɣṛum s wanaw n uggurn lli s ittuskar niɣ adɣar lliɣ iwwa. S umdya:
- Aɣṛum n tumẓin ittuskar s tumẓin.
- Aɣṛum n ufrnu inwa ɣ ufrnu.
Anawn yaḍnin[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Abazin: Iga yan wanaw n uɣṛum n ɣ libya. Ar ittuskar s tumẓin d waman d tisnt.
- Brioche: Yan wanaw n uɣṛum afṛanṣiṣ. Ar gis ttggan tiglay d tudit bac ad izggʷaɣ bahra ɣ bṛṛa nns
Amawal[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- levure : amtun
- blé : irdn
- afrdis : ingrédient
- arktu: mélange
- uccil: obligatoire
Isɣann ibṛṛaniyn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- (s tnglizt) Amzruy igzzuln n uɣṛum, History.com (asɣn)
Tiɣbula[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- ↑ https://www.bakeinfo.co.nz/Facts/Gluten/What-role-does-gluten-play-in-bread-making-
- ↑ Pliny Aqbur (1938). Natural History. Loeb Classics. p. 1.255.


text:
Wp/shi/Fatima Tabaɛmrant
Fatima Tabamrant ( s tifinaɣ : ⴼⴰⵜⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏⵜ) nɣ Fatima Cabu tga yat tanazurt d tamɣnast d tamɣart n tsrtit tamaziɣt taclḥiyt zɣ tasga n Sus, tettussan bahra s umarg nns. Tg yat ɣ timɣarin li ittkfan umarg ilan atig. Tlmdt Tamdyazt aylliɣ attara iwliwn nns.
Assaɣ
Tabaɛmrant ɣiklli yaɣ immala ism nns tuckad zɣ Ayt Baɛmran li igan tiqbilin li bahra ittyssan ɣ iffus n Umrruk. Tlul ɣ 1963 ɣ Bugafr, taqbilt n Idaw Nasr, iwalan i tiqbilin n Ayt Baɛmran.
Mẓẓi n tigigilt
Fatima Tabaɛmrant urd tlul tafd taɣnja n nqqurt imi nns. Mac tnkrd tga tigigilt. Tkka afus ɣ mẓẓi nns ɣ taxddamt dar timɣarin n babas. Ɣayn ast itḥin tigmmi nns tamzwarut, imlas idɣarn d iɣarasn yaḍnin. Zun ifran (n idrarn n waṭlas mẓẓiyn) ɣ isggasn n wis sa ida mraw (70), d laxsas ɣ tisgiwin n Tznit. Ammussu ad nns gr tigmma d idɣar d tmnaḍin ra gis iskr yat tamɣart ilmdn bahra n tɣawsiwin li ra gis iskr tamɣart mqqurn ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib.
Taɣarast n umarg d tamdyazt
Ɣ umzwaru tkcm s trabbut nɣ tinml n Ulbnsir ar trkaz ar trar awal, tffaɣ dars tkk mnnawt f ad a tkcm s tin Sɛid Actuk. Mac mddn ur t ssn abla ɣ tigira t n isggwasn n 80 d Muhmmad Blfqqih nttan ad ad thhi tasffift nns izwarn, tskr dis amarg n tnddamt, ngirin tskr ilmma tarabbut nns. Tabaɛmrant mqqar ur as itkfa wawal ɣ umzwaru ɣ tgwmma n Rways tusi tayafut ɣ tarmiwin nns : « Dar Ulbnsir lmdgh tunfust d ssiɛr n tmazight, dar Sɛid Actuk manik sa skargh amarg n usays, dar blfqqih asnmili n trabbut d tikki n luqqr ngr Rways d tarwasin ».
Tabaɛmrant tga yat tarnaruzt lli f nnan imazighn n Sus mas d amarg lli ttirir iga wi nns, tldi t id, zund asmun nns Rays M. Blfqqih lli dda tzrri imik ɣ tudrt nns n turruysa. Tml mayan ula ɣ umarg nns n isiyyas d walli tfa i Raysa Killy ɣ 1995.
Amarg n Tbaɛmrant ikcm ɣ umarg n tmgharin lli d ssagwan iwaliwn fssusnin d twulafin ifawn. Tabaɛmrant iggut maf tsawl mac ailli igan amarnu nns igat ailli mmi tga amarg n nnasiha amarg f igigiln d imzlad d umukris n tmazight.
Tabaɛmrant d umarar
Tssnti umarg ɣ 1983 d anaẓur rrays Jamɛ Lḥmidi , ḍffir may ad tarabut n actuk d tssnti asusr n tamdyazt usggas 1984 d mulay Muḥamad Blfqih , llliɣ ar tallas iẓlan n rraysa Tiḥiḥit tmquṛn d ṛqiya tadmsirt . Ɣ usggas 1988 tmmuti s tinml n Ḥaj Muḥamad Admsir , ɣ 1990 tskr Fatima Tabaɛmrant tarabut nns ur tmuṭl af ad a tt tskr tizi nns , d tisfif nns nzat bahra acku tzḍar a tskr tamamakt tburz sis ɣ usarag n tẓuṛi , s tiguriwin n iẓlan nns d aẓawan nns amarg inu ɣikli ar as tini Tabaɛmrant , tyusan ula s imsli nns adunan . Tzḍar uḍffir n mayad mnck n tiwizin n tẓuṛi kra gisn zrin usrid ɣ tanzwayt d ttilifizyun tanamurt . D tiwizi n timnswunin am tasdawt n anbdu d asgraw ṛaja agadir , tzri tugt n inmugarn ɣ akk n timnaḍin ɣ Lmɣrib ula brra nns zund : Milan, Bariz, Utrixt, Bruksil ...


text:
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Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif
Ṯarifiṯ
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Ṯabrat n Siḏna Yahuḏa ɣar ȓmuminin s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (Ṯarifiṯ)
- Ṯabrat ɣar ȓmuminin zi Yahuḏa umas n Ƹisa zeg yemmas s lḥuruf n ṯeƹrabṯ, ssura wis setta u ƹicrin n Lʼinjil n Siḏiṯneɣ Ƹisa Lmasiḥ. Ṯabrat n Yahuḏa
- Ṯabrat ɣar ȓmuminin zi Yahuḏa umas n Ƹisa zeg yemmas s lḥuruf n latiniya, ssura wis setta u ƹicrin n Lʼinjil n Siḏiṯneɣ Ƹisa Lmasiḥ. Ṯabrat n Yahuḏa
Lʼinjil ɣares ṯnayen n yisemawen, qqaren-as Lʼinjil qqaren-as Ȓƹaheḏ ḏ jḏiḏ. Lʼinjil ḏayes 27 n ssuraṯin. Ssura wis setta u ƹicrin yuri-t Siḏna Yahuḏa, qqaren-as Ṯabrat n arrasul Yahuḏa ɣar ȓmuminin. Ṯtarjem ḏanita s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif, iƹni ṯarifiṯ. Ṯanita ḏ ijjen n ṯebrat iy yura Siḏna Yahuḏa ɣar ȓmuminin imezwura. Arrasul Yahuḏa netta ḏ umas n Ƹisa Lmasiḥ zeg yemmas. Siḏna Yahuḏa iseȓmaḏ ȓmuminin bac aḏ ḏeffaren awaȓen n arrusul aḏ ggwjen zi ttaƹlim n yiwḏan nni tuɣa rezzun aḏ sƹewwjen awaȓen n Siḏiṯneɣ Ƹisa Lmasiḥ.
Aqa ṯnayen n lʼayaṯ ḏi ssura-ya ssawaȓent x Ƹisa Lmasiḥ ḏ arraḥmeṯ nnes iy ɣa neḥḏaj neccin ḏi Yawm Lḥisab ḏ Lƹiqab bac aɣarneɣ ṯiȓi ṯuḏarṯ n ȓebda n ȓebdaṯ. Awaȓen-a ntaf-iṯent ḏi lʼayaṯ 20 ḏ 21 qqarent: Kenniw ay imƹizzen inu, bnaṯ ixef nwem ḏi dsas n lʼiman yuƹȓan iy iǧan ḏaywem, ẓaǧem s Arruḥ iqeddsen. Itxeṣṣa aḏ teqqimem ḏi ȓemḥibbeṯ n Arebbi aḏ trajam arraḥmeṯ nni n Siḏiṯneɣ Ƹisa Lmasiḥ ṯenni iy kenniw itawin ɣar ṯuḏarṯ nni war ifennin ca ƹemmarṣ.
Klika swadday bac aḏ tɣareḏ awaȓen nneɣni n Arebbi s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif iy d yusin ḏi ssura-ya qqaren-as Ṯabrat n Yahuḏa ɣar ȓmuminin.
Droits d'auteur © 2021, Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif


text:
Iziriyen
Iziriyen d yiwet tadinastit n yigelliden imaziɣen deg tallit talemmast.
Tallalit n Yiziriyen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg useggas n 996, d Badis, mmi-s n mmi-s n Buluɣin Uziri, ay yeqqlen d agellid n uwanek n Yiziriyen. Tuɣ imir-n, yufa-d lḥal, baba-s ed jeddi-s jjan-as-d akal d ameqqran, yewwet seg Ṭrables, deg Libya, alammi d ataram n Lezzayer. Dɣa yebḍa Badis adabu n temnaḍin n tmurt-is ed leɛmum-is. Ḥemmad ed Irufet, yefka-asen ataram, ma d Felful yefka-as tama n Ṭrables. Tegra-d ɣer Ḥemmad Ubuluɣin, yefren yiwet n tama ara yeḥkem, deg wenẓul n Temsilt akken ad yebnu tamaneɣt-is. Amḍiq ay yefren yezga-d ger n Temsilt ed yidurar n Ḥuḍna. D yiwen wegni ɛlayen ay deg yezmer ad yebnu tamdint ur nettishil ara i yicenga ad tt-awḍen. Dɣa, deg useggas n 1007 ay yebda ibennu tamaneɣt-is. Yernu, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna Ɛebderreḥman Uxeldun (Ibn Xeldun), sin yiseggasen kan ay yekka deg lebni-s.
Sin seg leɛmum n Badis, Muḥsen ed Zawi, ur qbilen ara timura ay ten-id-iṣaḥen. Dɣa dduklen ed Felful, amesnabaḍ n Ṭrables, kkren-d mgal mmi-s n gma-tsen. D acu kan, Ḥemmad, ɛemmi-s-nni iḥekmen ataram, iɛawen Badis akken ad yennaɣ mgal n leɛmum-is ay as-d-yeqqlen d icenga. Yessaweḍ Ḥemmad ad ten-yernu. Yuɣ lḥal, seg wasmi ay d-kkren ɣur-s leɛmum-is, yeqqel Badis ur yettamen yiwen. D annect-nni ay t-yejjan ad yerr mmi-s, xas d agrud n setta yiseggasen kan deg leɛmeṛ-is, d agellid ɣef tmurt,. Akken ad yesteɛṛef ugellid n Yifaṭimiyen s wannect-a, yefka-as Badis tamdint n Qsenṭina ed weḥric seg wakal n ɛemmi-s-nni ay t-iɛawnen, Ḥemmad.
Beṭṭu n Yiziriyen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Dɣa seg yimir-n ay iḥulfa Ḥemmad yexdeɛ-it mmi-s n gma-s, yernu yekkes-d tamurt-is seg udabu n Badis. Deg useggas n 1015, yekker wemgaru ger Badis ed ɛemmi-s, Ḥemmad. Xas yemmut Badis, ikemmel wemgaru ger Yiziriyen ed wid yeddan ed Ḥemmad alammi d aseggas n 1017. Deg useggas-nni, gan Yiziriyen amtawa ay deg bḍan tawacult-nsen ɣef snat n terbaɛin : Ibadisen (imɛiwnen n Badis) wwin tama tagmuḍant n Tmazɣa (Tunes), ma d Iḥemmadiyen (imɛiwnen n Ḥemmad) wwin tama tutrimt (agmuḍ ed tlemmast n tmurt n Lezzayer).
Tadinastit[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Buluɣin Uziri (972–984)
- Menṣur Uziri (984–995)
- Badis Uziri (995–1016)
- Lmuɛezz Uziri (1016–1062)
- Tamim Uziri (1062–1108)
- Yeḥya Uziri (1108–1116)
- Ɛli Uziri (1116–1121)
- Ḥasan Uziri (1121–1152)


text:
Tasna Tamzwarut
Ḥmad Adɣrni
Ḥmad Adɣrni, ilul ɣ wass n 5 mayu 1947 ɣ tawsit Ayt Ɛli ɣ yat ɣ tiwsitin n Ayt Baɛmran ɣ Lmɣrib, immut ass n 19 uktubr 2020 ɣ Tiznit, iga amasatan, asrtan, amdyaz, amara d umɣnas n izrfan n imaziɣn ɣ Lmɣrib. Iɣṛa ɣ uswir amnzu ɣ usun "Taddart" , deffir maya ismd tiɣri nns ɣ usinag n Tiznit, lliɣ ur ta idda s Trudant, yumẓ aslkin n bakalurya ɣ usinan n usmuttg Yusf bn ɛli ɣ Mrrakc, idda deffir maya s tsdawit n Fas yiwi-d gis turagt ɣ taẓlayt n uzrf. Idda ilmma s tsdawit n Muḥmmda 5 ɣ Rrbaṭ, yumẓ gis turagt yaḍni ɣ taẓlayt n uzrf. Ikka-tt-in iga yan zɣ imɣnasn n "Tamunt Tanamurt n Imzrawn n Lmɣrib" d illa ɣ umzaz n uzlmḍ. Ɣ isggʷasn n 70, issnta taɣarast tazzulant zund umstan ɣ Sidi Sliman , deffir nns immutti s Rrbaṭ.
Ilul Ḥmad Adɣirni ɣ usggʷas n 1947 ɣ usun n taddart nna iwalan i tqqbilt n Ayt Ɛli ɣ Ayt Baɛmṛan ,ikka tt inn babas iga aslmad ɣ tinml n Zzawit n taddart d umstan,iga u uḍwwaṛ n igʷrar n Sidi Ɛbdṛḥman ɣ tnila n Tiznit, tagrawt n uglu iɣra n Dɣirni asslmd nns amnzu ɣ udɣar n tlalit nns, ismd taɣuṛi nns ɣ usinag n tznit aylliɣ immatti s win trudant, yumẓ tugga n lbak ɣ usinag n Bn Tacfin ɣ Mrrakc, dffir n ma ann immattis tɣrmt n Fas lliɣ yumẓ turagt tasdawant ɣ tskla...
Asif n Wansifn
Asif n wansifn nɣ Asif n isaffn iga yan wasif bahra imqqurn g tmazirt n Lmɣrib. Yullid wasif n Wansifen sg idraren n waṭlaṣ anammas issudu s umnid n umalu allig nn-iffi g taman tiɣremt n Uzmmur, g ugaru (océan) Aṭṭlanṭi. Tiɣzi gis 555 Km, tamkta n waman sgis izrrin ar traḥan ar 117 m3/s, ɣayadd a yudjan asif n wansifen ayeg asif wiss sin g tmazirt n Lmɣrib.
Isaffen n Tasawt d Wad lɛbid gan isaffen imqqran dadd i-tt-ffin g wasif n wansifen, ssin itsen uckand seg idraren n waṭlaṣ amqqran, seg tmnaḍin Infeḍwak d Innultan, seg tsga n unẓul.
Asif n wansifen yattuy bahra watig-ns g umzruy tmazirt n Lmɣrib d umaḍal aqbur, iqqim iga iwtta ger tagldit n Fas d Tagldit Murrukc g uzmz Iwaṭṭasen d Imarinen, allig d ikcem urumi Afranṣawi s Lmɣrib g usggas n 1912. Ig daɣ asif-ad iwtta inger tiqqbilin n Ccawiyya d Rrḥamna, tili dars daɣ yat tawwri tagjdant g tibḍit tatrart n Murrukc, illa inger Tasga n Mrrakc-Asfi d tasga n Tigmmi tumlilt-Sttat.
Iggura
Tazwart
Tga Wikipidya yat tsanayt nɣ d asamu amuṭṭun igan ilelli nɣ aḥuṛṛi illan s ɣaydd n tutlayin, tettuyskar d tettuyɛdal fad ad tg yat twuri n umyawas innurẓmn i kraygat yan, xdmn gis agudi n imaratn nna gis ittaran bla ad gis rbḥn nɣ ad gis amẓn tiɣrad, s uwttas ad tg tussna yat tɣawsa igan fabuṛ ur iqqan ad dars yili atig d kraygat yan dars azrf ad iɣr d ad yaqqra ɣayli ittiri.
Tga Wikipidya yan zɣ iɣbula n lmɛlumat nna akk imqqurn d nna akk ittuyssann ɣ umaḍal ɣ ammas n wantirnit, d nttat yat zɣ smuss d mraw isitn lli d ttkkan middn bzaf s tṣnif lli tskr Aliska ɣ wayyur n yunyu 2020. Ar takka tsanayt ad yan lmuḥtawa igan fabuṛ d bla n id lichar. Tumẓ tt tmrslt n Wikimidya d nttat ad sis ittklfn, tga tmrslt ad yat tmaddast ur igi awttas nns iqariḍn, ar t ttmwaln middn ɣar s twisi d ttabarruɛat.
Llan isnfarn n Wikipidya s tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍnin, llan gisn willi iṭṭafn yad asml amaddud nnsn ɣ Wikipidya, wiyyaḍ urta, llan ka sul ɣ ammas n Inkubator nna ɣ ttilin isnfarn n Wikimidya kullu tn lli urta ttuqbaln.
Tizʷrgan
Anɣmis g tutlayt
Asgzl g tutlayt tamaziɣt:
- Asinag agldan n tussna tamaziɣt: SGSM
- Asinan amaziɣ: SM
- Asira anamur n tanfrut tadusant n isadurn: SNNDS
- َAgraw amaḍlan amaziɣ: GMM
- Tagldit n Lmɣrib: GM
- Tazlɣa n imaratn s tmaziɣt: ZMM
- Tafidiṛalit tanamurt n tmsmunin timaziɣin: FNMM
Lislam
Iga Lislam nɣ Islam (s tirra n zikk s tfinaɣ : « ⵍⵙⵍⵎ » ; s tɛrabt : الإسلام) yan ddin abrahmiy ittuḥḥadn rbbi. Yiwit-id urqqas Muḥmmad , ar ttinin i wanna iḍfarn ddin ad "amslm" nɣ iɣ guttn "imuslmn".
Ar isslmad Lislam is rbbi iga yan d ur illi kra n rbbi bla Allah (s tɛrabt : الله), d is iga Muḥmmad arqqas nns iggz fllas Lquran s tɣarast n unglus Jibril . Tga tugtt n imaziɣn imuslmn.
Awsat ɣ Wikipidya
Awsat ɣ tirra n imgradn n Wikipidya s tutlayt Taclḥit afad ad timɣur uggar, Ɣid a ɣ tẓḍarm ad trnum kra n umgrad amaynu, arayat aynna mi tẓḍarm bac ad igutn imgradn s tutlayt Taclḥit. Iɣ tesɣawsat s tiwisi ɣ tirra n imgradn, tẓḍaṛt ad nn-taggʷt ɣ Tasna n Tiwisi.
Wikipidya iga yan ɣ isnfarn n Timrslt n Wikimidya, ilin daɣ kra n isnfarn yaḍn n tmrslt ad zun d:
Inagraw n isfka tugtmidya
Asnfar n iɣawasn iwikitn
Amyawas f isnfar n Wikimidya
Agudi n idllisn d Iṭṛiṣn ipidagugiyn
Tasila n isfka ilellin
Akttur ilellin n inɣmisn
Tadla n ibdurn
Tasdlist n ukttur ilellin
Tadla n wanawn
Imassn n usslmd ilellin
Amanar n umuddu ilellin
Amawal imqqurn


text:
Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif
Ṯarifiṯ
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Raƹuṯ: Ḥennas n Siḏna Dawud s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (Ṯarifiṯ)
Ṣenneṭ i ssura umi qqaren Ȓaƹuṯ. Nettaṯ ḏ ḥennas n Siḏna Dawed. Ṯessawaȓ x ȓiyyam n Ȓaƹuṯ, u ṯtarjem ḏanita s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif, iƹni ṯarifiṯ.
Ɣer ḏanita x Ȓaƹuṯ wami ṯxes aḏ tini ma aḏ teqqim ḏi ṯmurṯ nnes niɣ aḏ tesmeḥ ḏi ȓeḥbab nnes aḏ traḥ akeḏ lallas Naƹima ɣar Bayt Laḥm ɣar yij n ṯmurṯ ṯiggwej. Manaya aqaṯ ḏeg wuḏem wis 1 zi lʼaya 15 aȓ 19: Ṯenna-as lallas: "Xzar! Aqa ṯanuṭ nnem ṯrewweḥ, ṯeƹqeb ɣar ȓqum nnes ḏ lʼaliha nnes. Ƹqeb uȓa ḏ cem akiḏes."
- Ṯarra-d xas Raƹuṯ ṯenna-as:
War xafi tzeyyar ca bac aḏayem semḥeɣ,
war xafi tzeyyar ca bac axam beƹƹḏeɣ.
Minzi mani ma ṯruḥeḏ, akim raḥeɣ,
y mani ma ṯzeḏɣeḏ, akim zeḏɣeɣ.
Ȓqum nnem aḏ yiȓi ḏ ȓqum inu,
Arebbi nnem aḏ yiȓi ḏ Arebbi inu.
Mani ma ṯemmuṯeḏ cem,
aḏ mmṯeɣ uȓa ḏ nec,
u ḏinni iy ɣa neḍȓeɣ.
U Siḏi Arebbi aḏayi iƹeddeb meȓa semḥeɣ ḏayem.
War xam farqeɣ ḥetta aȓ ḏayi ɣa ṯfarq xam ȓmewṯ.
Aȓmi ṯeẓra Naƹima belli Raƹuṯ ṯxes u labud akis ṯraḥ, war ṯeqqim bu ṯessawaȓ akiḏes ktar x uƹqab. Ruḥent Naƹima ḏ Raƹuṯ s ṯnayen iḏsent ɣar ṯendint nni umi qqaren Bayt Laḥm...
Droits d'auteur © 2021, Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif


text:
Monographie du musée El Moudjahid de Tizi-Ouzou
Date2015
Author
ALIOUANE, FATIHA
SI TAYEB, MASSISSILIA
MetadataShow full item record
Abstract
Axeddim-agi ɣef wayen yeɛnan amuzruy d tusna n tmetti sumata, di tezrawt nneɣ newwi-d awal ɣef usalay d wazal yesɛa di tmetti deg unadi akked ujmaɛ n wayen id yemmalen iseddagen n tnekkit, akked latar n wayen yezrin. Asentel n uxeddim d « Taynirawt n usalay amemnad n umjahed n Tizi wezzu », yessefk ad nesbeggen deg-s azal yesɛa usalay di tmetti akked d temlilt ines deg uselmed n umezruy. Asalay yettnadi u yejamaɛ ayen yellan d amezruy akken ad yemmel i tmetti iseddagen d ara tt-yeǧǧen ad teɛqel izri ines. Asalay n umezruy yesɛa tuɣdaṭ n lemḥarba ɣef wayen yellan d tigemmi, yesselmad uyessezray amezruy. Leqdic-agi yebḍa d iḥricen : 1) Aḥric amnzu : Tarayt n uxeddim : Deg uḥric-agi neɛreḍ ad nemmel tarrayin nettbeɛ i waken ad tettwaxdem tezrawt-agi akken iwata. Di tazwara s uxeddim-agi ad yettwafhem wazal yesɛa usalay d tmussni akk id yettawi iwumdan ɣef umezruy. Allalen ara nesseqdec ad ɣ-welhen akken ad nesenked asalay-agi d wayen yesɛa d iḥricen, ayen id as-d yezzin, akked i wacu i yqeddec, d wacu d lfayda i yesɛa i umdan akked umezruy. Nefren asentel-agi acku ixus unadi di taɣult-agi, di temsal i ycedden ɣer umezruy ladɣa amezruy yeɛnan Tamurt nneɣ, d leqdic, ɣef tsudayettḥaraben ɣef umezruy. Di tazwara yessefk, ad nelli deg unar akken ad nessiweḍ, ad nani u anefren ayen ilaqen akken anexdem axeddim igerzen, u ad nawi akk tilɣa ad ɣ-yallen di leqdic-nneɣ, imi kullec atan deg unar. Akken ad naweḍ s iswi nneɣ, nesexdem umuɣ n tuttriwin I nefka i wid id yettruḥun ɣer usalay kul yiwen d acu it id yettawin.s tririyen nsen ad nesewwiḍ ad nexdem tasleḍṭ nneɣ, akked d tezrawt si tama n wid id ileḥhun ad zren, anwaten? i wacu? Amek? Akken ad neṭṭef ad neṭṭef tigwiwin n yemjuhad , d isestanen nexdem ilaq ukalas akken anessewwiḍ ad negzu imeslayen nsen. Neseqdec daɣen, tugniwin, ɛawnen-t aɣ aṭas , deg uglam, ayen id ad nenna, ad d-nernu tama-s tugna iwaken ad yaweḍ yizen id neqseḍ. Ma d isestanen, nesexdem, usriden, d arusriden, ɣer leḥsab n tegnit n yimiren, d lmestufat n yimsestanen. Leqdic-agi nneɣ weḥwaǧ leqraya n tektabin, imi ilaq ad nawi tikta seg-sent, u anetbeɛ tarrayin I sqedcen wid I yezwaren ɣer taɣult-agi, deɣen akken ad neṭṭef imedyaten seg-sen-t. Di tagara, nesexdem tasleḍt akken ad nefk igemmaḍ n unadi, nessaweḍ ɣef ldemma n tesleḍṭ ad nerr ɣef tuttriwin yellan, u ad nesefsi timukrisin s way-s yebna uxeddim. Aḥric wis sin: D ayen yeɛnan aglam akked usenked n tsuddut n usalay, d asideg arakal , d yiḥricen ines ama si berra ama si daxel, d wayen akk id as- d yezzin. Asalay aqdim : Tamuɣli tamenzut ɣer usalay-agi si berra ad d-yemmel tasegda ines tazamalt i yebɣan ad tinni atas n tɣwsiwin, tin yexdem yiwen n umesdag aqbayli, id yehreg si tsegda tapakistanit taqburt, lebni ines akk akked d tɣessa ines, cudden-t ɣer tegrawla n 1954, ula d tirkabin ines llan-t 54, s wasseɣ ɣer uzemz ntegrawla , ula d isebdaden-nni sersen uqebel tirkabin, d tugniwin n wid i wumi id teǧǧa tegrawla latar si lbatel n urmi, sɛeddan laz akked ddel d temḥeqranit. Mi ara nɛeddi i terkabin, ad iban yiwen n ugnir deg way deg llan-t tugniwin n yimjuhad, tazeqqa n tzallit yelan zik d tadbelt,akked d tzeqqa n temzikniyen, ssexdamen-tt zik uqebbel teɣleq i wziken n tɣawsiwin akked d tugniwin d waraten yeɛnan tagrawla,ay agi- akk yettakd aended n lgira n llzeyer mgal fransa. Tugna n tidet id yettkanen lgira d tin n tmeqbert-nni n yemjuhad yesɛan 1200 n yizekwan yebnan amzun akken d izmawen yeqqimen,anamek n way-agi d tabɣest akked d tissas i sɛan yemjuhad iḥurben ɣef tmurt. Arnu ɣer-s asebdad ameqran yebnan amzun d lfinga yesɛan aṭas n unamek di lweqt n tesherest tafransist.........


text:
Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif
Ṯarifiṯ
Vous êtes ici
Řexḏayem n Arrusul s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (Ṯarifiṯ)
- Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul s lḥuruf n latiniya. Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul itƹawaḏ min ḏasen iweqƹen i ȓmuminin imezwura ig yumnen zi Siḏna Ƹisa. Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul 1 – 28
- Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul s lḥuruf n ṯeƹrabṯ. Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul itƹawaḏ min ḏasen iweqƹen i ȓmuminin imezwura ig yumnen zi Siḏna Ƹisa. Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul 1 – 28
Lʼinjil ɣares ṯnayen n yisemawen, qqaren-as Lʼinjil qqaren-as ƹaweḏ Ȓƹaheḏ ḏ jḏiḏ. Lʼinjil ḏayes 27 n ssuraṯ. Ssura wis xemsa yuri-t Siḏna Luqa u qqaren-as Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul. Ṯtarjem ḏanita s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif, iƹni ṯarifiṯ (ssura wis ṯȓaṯa yuri-t ƹaweḏ Siḏna Luqa). Min iƹna Siḏna Luqa? Netta ḏ ijjen zi ȓmuminin imezwura n Siḏna Ƹisa. Netta ḏ aḍbib ḏ ameddukeȓ n arrasul Bulus, itsafar akiḏes ḏi ȓxeḏmeṯ nnes. Aṭṭas zi min iweqƹen ḏi ssura-ya iwqeƹ-asen ƹaweḏ i Siḏna Luqa ḏ arrasul Bulus. Ḏi Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul itƹawaḏ min ḏasen iweqƹen i ȓmuminin imezwura ig yumnen zi Siḏna Ƹisa zi ssin aȓ ṯsawent menbaƹd i wami d ikkar zi ȓmewṯ itwarfeƹ ɣar ujenna. Ḏi lʼayaṯ iy d yusin ȓexxu a nẓer min iweqƹen jar Siḏna Ƹisa ḏ imeḥḍaren nnes wami itwarfeƹ ɣar ujenna zzaṯ nsen. Ṯessawaȓ xas ssura-ya ḏeg wuḏem wis 1 zi lʼaya 8 aȓ 11: Maca axmi xawem ɣa d ihwa Arruḥ iqeddsen, aɣarwem yiȓi jjehḏ. Axafi ṯcehḏem ḏi ṯendint n Lquds ḏ marra ṯamurṯ n Yahuḏiya ḏ Samarya aȓ ṭṭarf n ddunect." Wami ikemmeȓ Ƹisa awaȓ nnes, itwarfeƹ ɣar ujenna. Qqimen xezzaren ḏayes, iweddar-asen ḏeg useynu. Qqimen xezzaren mliḥ wami yuȓi ɣar ujenna, ƹlaɣafla ufin ṯnayen iṯarrasen bedden akiḏsen ɣarsen arruḍ ḏ acemȓaȓ. Nnan-asen: "Ay iwḏan n ṯmurṯ n Ljalil, mayemmi ḏa ṯbeddem ṯxezzarem ɣar ujenna? Ƹisa wanita iy ḏawem itwarfƹen ɣar ujenna, amecnaw mammec ṯeẓrim yuȓi ɣar ujenna, amenni iy d ɣa yas." Ɣer niɣ ṣenneṭ swadday i wawaȓen nneɣnit n Arebbi iy d yusin ḏi Ȓexḏayem n Arrusul.
Droits d'auteur © 2021, Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif


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Aya, deg ukatar n yilugan n usefrek n tezɣent tadawsant yeqqnen ɣer waṭan n Unfafad Bu Tesmert Covid-19, i d-yenna ass n usinas (ttlata) yiwen n ulɣu n yimeẓla n uneɣlaf Amenzu, ha-tt-an tukkist seg uḍris :
« Am wakken i d-yenna uselway n Tegduda, Mass Abdelmadjid Tebboune, aɣella unnig n tdusiwin tumrigin, aneɣlaf n Temḥaddit taɣelnawt, aneɣlaf Amenzu, aneɣlaf n Tiẓraf, Mass Aïmene Benabderrahmane, yeɣtes ikaten-a :
- Abeddel n yisragen n ukman uzgin deg uxxam seg usrag wis simraw d sin (22) ar azekka-nni ɣef usrag wis sḍis (6) n tnezzayt, ad yettwasnas deg yigezda terza temsalt.
- Tukksa n wakkat n usekker n tellunin n usgunfu akked wurar, n yidgen n umerreḥ akked teftisin, s usemres n wakaten n uḥezzeb.
Ad yebdu usnas n wakaten-a seg wass n Ukras (lrebɛa) 25 ɣuct 2021 d afella.


text:
165+ n tmura
Weblate isidig amaḍal
Ameẓlu n tnezduɣt akked ufecku n uselkim s uslaɣ n usefrek n lqem. D afessas s ugrudem n useqdac zeddigen, azuzer n tsuqilin deg yisuddisen, asenqed n tɣara akked wassaɣ awurman ɣer yifuyla iɣbula.
2514 n tsuqilin deg tura kan
1726 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
4138 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
183 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
7844 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
4319 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
460 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
2076 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
10695 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
1340 n tsuqilin deg melmi kan
1138384 n tsuqilin
di 7 n wussan ineggura


text:
Azawag n Ɣazza
Azawag n Ɣazza d tamnaṭ n wenẓul n uzaɣar aftisan n Palistin ɣef yiri n yilel agrakal, tamnaṭ-a tga d tasfift tukriẓt (deyyiqen) deg ugafa asemran n uzunegzir n Sina, akken i tga d yiwet gar snat n tamiwin tisufanin (tama niḍen d agemmaḍ utrim) s agensu n tlisa n Palistin taseɣlaft ur nettwasenɣed ara sɣur iɣallen n izyuniyen, sin akin ur tekcim ara deg tlisa n uwanek n Israyil i d-ilulen deg tallit-nni, dɣa azawag n Ɣazzayessiliɣ-d azal n 1,33% seg tjumma n Palistin tamazrayt anda yettaṭṭaf azal n 360 km², s teɣzi n 41 km d tehri igan gar n 5 d 15 km. Tama-ayi tettalest-itt-id Israyil seg ugafa d usamer, d Miẓra seg wenẓul utrim d yilel agrakal seg utaram.