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ina wer ssineÉ£ manis iddâqqersen!
Mkul ijj mamec yegga arif degâs yeddren, mkul ij d Arif i yessitim. Arif n tmunt, n táºuri n tawmat, tamunt, tcuni, tayri, twiza… Arif n Waflaá¹un. neqqarâas Arif n zik.
Numen belli Arif n zik ttuÉ£a degâs marra min nessitim i Arif n yimal. Maca di tidet, Arifâa wer nessin ma ttuÉ£a yella ca n twalat, mara ttuÉ£a yedja qa tujer lqern zeg wami. Tamunt muḥal ma tuÉ£aâtt di ca n ttwalat, mala ttuÉ£a tedja qa di lwacun waha, niÉ£ di teqbilt waha… Arif i nturja wer tâyessin baba ula d jeddi ula d jeddiâs, qaÉ s tlata idsen, ssnen belli zi lebda yella lxir yella ccar! tella tawma, yella eccâayi a cekkâcceÉ£. Am legnus marra waha!
Min neÉna neccin ?
aseqsi i ttseqsan ImaziÉ£en wer ssineÉ£ cḥal zeg wami, yemmersâdd deg iÉ£ennijen, nesÉ£uyy zzegâs deg iÉ£ewwiÉ£en.
aseqsi nerra xâas, « neccin d imaziÉ£en. » Nerra xâas lqern zeg wami, nessen d imaziÉ£en i nella, neccin da zi lebda, nxes tirelli, nxes lehna … Axmi daneÉ£â tteksen a nili d ImaziÉ£en, axmi wer nettici belli neccin d ImaziÉ£en. Suyenni neqqarâitt s jjhed, nettÉawadâas, ntqesseḥ degâs xmi ittâneqqer.
Nelmed « Maziɣ » yexs ad yini « bnadem ilelli », l « insan lḥur », neqqim nessitim a tânili, a nili d ilelliyen, waxxa awalâa wer É£erâs bu ca n ddsas. Man tirelli i nrezzu, man tirelli i nxes, min txes ad tini trelli, Éemmers ma nfessel deg iseqsanâa. Æad wer nedder d imaziÉ£en.
Jeddi yeksi deg uá¸arânnes x uleqquz n weÉ£rum, yeffeÉ£ zi Arif. Necc, ffÉ£eÉ£ malahuwa ffÉ£eÉ£ É£er tmurt n trelli, am wer ssineÉ£ tirelliâa rezzuÉ£ min teÉna. MmendreÉ£ di legnus, jer imenneÉraq n yiá¸a, d tarwa n imenneÉraq n zik i xelqen gman da. NnuÉ£eÉ£ am nitni deg iseqsan iddânugem zeg ijt n tala. iseqsan n min neÉna neccin, mamec É£a negg a nili, min nxes a nili?.
Manis iddâneqqers?
Waqila ufiÉ£âtt, neqqersâdd zi tewdanit, L’insaniya, Humanity, nettat tegga isuraf tugur É£er zzat, neccin neqqim nbedd, nennuÉ£ deg useqsi n tnettit « Identity », d useqsi n lḥiḠi iferqen da x diha!
D tnaÉ£it, d tnaÉ£it waha, anict i yemÉ£er Arif, yemÉ£erâaneÉ£ deg wul ká¹er. YemÉ£er al mani yedwel wulânneÉ£ wer izemmer ad tâyeksi. Wer izemmer a zzegâs tânekkes. Amnus d wenni waha lebda, amnus n Urifi, wer yecqi iḥedd mani ittili. Inni ixelqen di Diaspura degâsen amnus ad snen Arifânsen mamek yegga, ttweḥḥacenât, iteffeÉ£âdd degâsen mkul anebdu. Waxxa wer tenâyeqqin aked tmurtâa É£ir idammen, d « cwayt n TmaziÉ£t » terreáº.
Inni di Arif dagâsen amnus n mamek zzagâs É£a ffÉ£en, manis É£a kken, cḥal yegga webrid, d lebḥer ma yhaj ma yersa…!
minzi xsen ad rewlen inni n daxel, ttwalanât yenni n barra d lwiz.
Mayemmi?
Mxumblent tyacitin am ca n tcurt n uppilun deg ufus n mmis n ca n ubeḥri. Yennaâs ijjen i xaliâs i das yeqqarn, qa wa da ca deg Ulandaâya: Rewweḥâdd a nembeddal, ad tesned mani wer yelli ca s tidet.
Zegga sseÉdiÉ£ iseggusa Élayen d 10 barra i Arif, xenni bdiÉ£ ad ssneÉ£ minzi ttacan Irifiyyen n Diaspura. Mayemmi mkul anebdu tnekkar degâsen tmessi?. Maca martayn n min da sseÉdiÉ£, i sseÉdiÉ£ di Arif, temáºi inu tekmel rni xafâs cwayt. Al mani ssneÉ£ minzi ttetliÉen tarwa n tmurtâinu. Ad yili d manayenni i zi telÉeÉ£ ra d nnec.
Ula d tudert deg wamunen irasmaliyyen, tegga am tcurtânni n uppilun, temxumbel aá¹á¹as, di temzi Éemmerâs ma iwá¸eÉ£ ad ttâfekkeÉ£ bla ma qesseÉ£âtt. Aqessesânni, dwenni i itejjan Irifiyyen n barra, mkul aseggÊ·as ad Éelfen É£er Arif. Melmi tettadfed di tudert tarasmalit, tÉ£erqed degâs al iri, ad txedmed, ad tÉiced, ad tegged tinÉacin, maca lexlas urid d tinÉacin waha, « la d tibratin ».
Min tetteslid zeg yenni i ddâyezwern da, d tidet, « Fakturat, Fakturat, Fakturat ». Lḥess n xmi treáºáºmed ssenduq n tebratin, itterjiji kidâs wul, tesḥissifed min din É£a tafed twalatâa. Ca n webrusi, niÉ£ ca n faktura tettudâtet, niÉ£ d ca leÉjeb, aweddi É£ir wer tettili d ca n tebrat d tazegzawt (pulisiya) niÉ£ d tawraÉ£t waha (lfusina).
â
Manaya wenni yeddren di Arif wer tâyettwili, ad yili minzi wer xâas ssiwilen merra inni ittrewḥen deg unebdu, Maca ttwalan mindi llan nitni wer tâyettwili wenni iáºerren Arif cehar deg useggwas, Misirya, áºáºleá¸, ttkerfiz … tallest!
Arif n unebdu Éemmers wer ittili d wenni n tyarza niÉ£ n tefsut. Arif n unebdu ittili irewwej, degâs tinÉacin, iwdan ca iÉic aked ca, maca xmi É£a ugurent talawinânni n ttmenyat, xenni ad yebda lazaÉ£ n tidet, ad tebda tudert n tidet. Ataf tetteslid É£ir « walu, lxedmet walu, seppitar walu … »
Min ittwala wenni yeddren barra i Arif?
Tudrin wer É£erâsent bu ssnadeq n tebratin, degâsent ttasiÉ, jjiran É£erâsen tadyulujit d ddin am netta, leswaq degâsen zi mkul min das itteÉjiben, leḥwayej rexsen mala tessemquddid min sekkÊ·an aked Urupa, arrwina d lfuda manima txeáºred. Iwdan ddren bla lqanun, lqanun yettwaḥsaben itteg tqineft waha i wegdud. QaÉ nxes lqanun d ussistim yecna, maca lebda lebda, yessufa azellif.
Min ittwala wenni yeddren di Arif xminni ixeáºáºer É£er Urupa?
Tamurt n lqanun, TinÉacin bla tamara, lxedmet yewta zzeg-s wenáºer, ccan i yewdan d tewdanit, d ij n tewart a zzagâs yessufeÉ£ lwacunânnes zi misirya!
AtiÉ£ neccin s tidet wer daneÉ£âtkessi tmurt, amen wer daneÉ£âikessi yiles, amen wer daneÉ£âteksi tnettit, anÉaq yuraâaneÉ£ di tenyirt. Nedder jer turjit d lfiqet, jerâasen aá¹á¹as n iseqsan, ataÉ£ yiwedâdd wakuḠi di É£a nebda a neksi timeslayin s ttasiÉ n lxaá¸er, a nennurzem x yixfânneÉ£, x wayawya x legnus, a nelmed a nedder d ImaziÉ£en d Irifiyyen. Ulid s wawal waha.
Æer Éawed: « XseÉ£ ad ugureÉ£ wer dd-ttÉiqqibeɣ⦠» ta d ict d tÉ£uyyit n ijjen temÉ£art d Tarifit


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Awras
Awras d tama n yidurar i d-yezgan deg ugafa-agmuḍan (nord-est) n tmurt n Ldzayer (gar twilayin n Tbatent, Tixencelt, Um Lebwaqi, Suq Ahras, Tbesset ed Tbeskert. Adrar aɛlayan akk deg Wewras d taqacuct n Celyet ay yesɛan 2.326 n lmitrat. Idraren n Wewras kkan fell-asen yiɣezran d ilqayanen (am Iɣzer Amellal ed Iɣzer n Lɛebdi), am wakken ay llan deg-sen yicerfan d imeqranen am wid n Lqenṭra ay yellan seg zik d abrid gar ugafa (nord) ed uneẓruf (ṣṣeḥra) n Ldzayer.
AmerzuyẒreg
Imezdaɣ n Wewras d Icawiyen, d tagrawt n Yimaziɣen ay mazal ssawalen iles amaziɣ (tacawit). Zik, d taqbilt tamaziɣt n Yeẓnagen ay izedɣen idraren-a, yerna nnuɣen s teqseḥ akked Rruman akken ur ten-ttajjan ad d-kecmen akal-nsen. D acu kan, Ṛṛuman ssawḍen ad bnun snat temdinin timeqranin deg Wewras: Timgad ed Taẓult.
Deg tallit n Yiwendalen, Imaziɣen n Wewras nnuɣen daɣen akken ad ḥudden akal-nsen. Deg lqern wis 8, tagellidt tamaziɣt Dihya (ay yellan, ahat, tettḍafar asɣan uday), tennuɣ ed Yinselmen. Deg lqern wis 11, asmi ay d-uwḍen Waɛraben imessukal n Banu Hilal (ay yeddren ɣef tlisa n wenẓul [sud] n Wewras), snernan azraɛ n taɛrabt deg tama-a, dɣa d aya ay yejjan aṭas n Yimaziɣen ad walin iman-nsen ula d nitni d Aɛraben.
Amezruy AtrarẒreg
Deg tallit n wemgaru n Ldzayer (1954-1962), tama n Wewras d tin aydeg d-yella yimenɣi d ameqran aṭas gar yemjuhad idzayriyen ed yiɣallen ifrensisen.
TadamsaẒreg
Tama n Wewras d tin aydeg terbeḥ tfellaḥt n yirden ed temẓin, yerna imesdurar n tama-a sfulluḥen daɣen isekla n yigumma (arbres fruitiers). Ma d timiwa n wenẓul n Wewras, d tikiwanin aṭas yerna imezdaɣen-nsent ddren s tkessawt n tɣeḍḍen ed wakraren.

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Ijjen hekku yessbeḥ
Deg wussan i yeɛdan, tehwa tqutcit n « Perseverance rover » x Mares. Tqutcit-a tḍeffar i Nasa. Akid-s ijjen thilikuptirt d tameẓẓyant qqaren-as « Ingenuity ». Awerni tnayen n sswayeɛ n stris d uraji, ixeddamen n Pasadina di Kalifurniya, ferḥen s waṭṭas laḥeqqac di tseɛɛet n 20.57 n GMT, tiweḍ-d ijjen tebrat teqqar belli tqutcit-a ta, aqqa tehwa x Mares.
Llayhennim a tmurt
Deg unebdu n useggas n 2020, imuhendisen n Nasa, wtin ijjajen maḥend ad sgeɛɛden « Perseverance » (awal s Teglinzit txes ad yini amkabar) ḥuma ad ɣren Mares deg ijjen ssarux qqaren-as « Atlas wis xemsa ». Ikumasa usafar di Yulyuz n 2020, ittsemma ikka ca n sbeɛ chur ḥma ad yaweḍ ɣer Mares.
Asujed n tqutcit
Tqutcit-a n « Perseverance » wcin-t i midden maḥend ad tt-ẓren deg useggas n 2019. Yeggur Tqutict-a ad tɛawen icten nniḍen qqaren-as « Curiosity » tanita ttuɣa sekken-tt ɣer Mares deg iseggusa i yeɛdan. Tqutcit-a tamaynut twezzen ca n uṭun alaḥal, ittsemma tedqel s 100 kg x tenni i das-izwaren. Mamec i dag-s di tuzzeggardt-nnes ca n tlata n imiṭrawen, ittsemma d tazegraret s ɛecra n isuntimiṭren x « Curiosity ».
teqseḥ x tenni i das-izwaren
Tzemmar tqutcit-a tanita ad teysi aṭṭas n macinat kṭer zi tenn tkessi tamezwarut. Mamec iɣallen-nnes i ykessin kamirat qesḥen ula d nitni. Tzemmar tqutcit-a tanita ad tejmeɛ mucṭrat n ucal. Dag-s ca n 23 n kamira, d waṭṭas n macinat nniḍen. Zi tmeslayin i das-ixess ad tessen tquctit-a ta, ma nzemmer ad nessufeɣ uksijin zeg yeẓra n Mars.
ṭṭiyyara d tameẓẓyant
S tidet, ijjen thilukptirt d tameẓẓyant ad tili di Mares, manaya ɛemmers wer yuqiɛ qbel. Asexdem n thilikuptirin d ijjen lḥajet d jjdid ɣer Imussnawen. Waxxa amenni ɛad wer ssinen mamec ttemsurrufent ddegg-a n ṭṭiyyarat deg ijjen watri imsebḍa x tmurt. ɛawed deg ijjen tnejbadt qell x tenn i yellan di tmurt.
Curiosity : Lxedmet x kurpa n tmessna zi 2012
Tqutcit-a n Curiosity d nettat i das-izwaren i « Perseverance », tameggarut-a d netta ig illan d tameqqrant qaɛ. Curiostiy tehwa x Mars di tɣuct n 2012, tekka ca n 22 n ikilumiṭren ar rexxu, ɛad aqqa-t txeddem mliḥ. Nettat txeddem s ca n biṭariyat i dag-s rekkben, tettwaḥsab Curiosity d ijjen ulabu teggur x tjarrarin.
Curiosity yewweḍ ad yessen belli nzemmer ad nedder x mars. Maca ɛad wer yufi udmawen n tudert xas. Curiosity dag-s ijjen ccinyur isnuqqub tammurt. Danita deg useggas n 2013, ttuɣa ikessi ijjen mucṭra deg « agulef n uxedmi awraɣ » deg ijjen teḥfurt di Mares.
Ifuṭuten cnin
Afuṭu-ya apanurami tegg-it taqutcit n Curiosity, i ɣa ixedmen i waṭṭas n iseggusa nneɣni ɛad. Tzemmar ad texdem ijjen xemsa n iseggusa nniḍen mala walu. Afuṭu-ya ittban-d am wenni n sseḥra x tmurt. Ma manaya d aneɣ-yejj a nraḥ a nessara x mars, niɣ a nejj manaya i irubuten waha ?


text:
cuffVB [cuff]
(se) gonfler, s'enfler ; bouder
Flexions cuffittcuffu cuffemt ttcuffut tcuffun itcuffu tcuffut yettcuffun tcuffemt nettcuffu tcuffeḍ ttcuffuɣ yetcuffun netcuffu tcuffuɣ cuff cuffent tettcuffumt tcuff yettcuffu cuffet ttcuffu tetcuffumt yetcuffu tcuffu ttcuffunt tcuffem tettcuffu cuffeɣ ttcuffumt tcuffunt tetcuffu tcuffumt ittcuffun cuffen tettcuffum icuff tettcuffuḍ itcuffun tetcuffum tetcuffuḍ icuffen ttcuffun ncuff
Sources cuff
- BOUAMARA Kamel, Issin : Asegzawal n teqbaylit s teqbaylit, Editions l'Odyssée, Tizi-Ouzou, 2010
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982
Phrases avec le mot cuff
Iqqar as " ilaq ad tnadiḍ s tinzert-ik tariḥt n traɣliwin qbel ad tnadiḍ s waṭṭawen-ik akal d icuffen .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Mar ad yebdu ixeddim nni tasebḥit, lemmer yufa ad icuff akk uzzal nni n tḥanutt userrar .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]


text:
Le Rifain
Aked wenẓar i yewtin, i yebdan ad yeccar lbaraj n Nnehḍa i yellan x yeɣzar n Nnil, Misar wer telli di ca.
Lebda ttuɣa tettbedda deg webrid n uṭewwer n lbaraj, minzi manaya yezmer ad yesqillet aman i das-dd-ittasen zi Nnil, s uya, txezzer ɣer lxedmet i tetteg Ityupya deg wazzerg-a, am yijjen lḥajet deg-s lxaṭar x tmurt n Misra.
Lbaraj n Nnehḍa i di tkumasa Ityupya a t-texdem di 2011, ad yeṭṭef aman, ad yeksi ca n 4,9 milyar m3 awarn i wenẓar n usegg°as-a.
Misra tuḥel tenneẓweḍ maḥend wer ittcari lbaraj-a al ɣa awḍen ɣer ca n wemsetfaq x mamek ɣa yili manaya, maca wer das-dd-yuliy ca.
Awarn i mani ɣa tili tsersiwt n linirji tahidruyilikrikt, i ɣa yilin d nettat i yellan merra d tameqrant di Tefriqt, ibedd dinni yijjen upusitu n waman, xmi ɣa yebda ad yexdem, ad yeksi 74 milyar m3 di 4 n isegg°usa, al 6 qeɛ.
Misra d Ityupya d Ssudan, timura-ya i di ittcuqa Nnil, isiɣi wemsawal jer-asent ca n 10 n isegg°usa, maca lbaraj ttuɣa-t ibenna, amarc!
Timura-ya sinyant di 2015 x yijjen ulaɣi i yessiwlen x « yiman n temɛawant », maca Misra tettwala belli iman-nni n temâawant wer yelli.
Azzɣat, wer tejji Misra min wer teggi, tesɣat ɣer merra timura ijehden, zeg-sent Amarikan, maḥend ad tɛebbeẓ x Ityupya, maca wer das-dd-yuliy walu.
Amen i yettban; Misra texser deg wemseksi-ya.
Yeqseḥ bac a nxarres di min tezmer Misra a t-tegg, kter zeg weqbal n min yellan, uca ad tawi ḥadur zi ca n txessart d tameqqrant waha. Maca bḥal walu a din yili ca n uɣawel ɣer lɛesker.
Imeqqranen n Misra lebda qqaren belli tamurt-nsen aqqa-tt deg webrid n wemsawal, ḥuma ad awḍen ɣer ca n ufessay i wemxumbel-a. Maca lebda qqaren: « Aṭṭas n tebridin i nezmer a tent-neḍfer, mmersent-idd x missa »! manaya yesskan belli din ijjen umenɣi yezmer a dd-yas.
Lḥukuma n Misra ttuɣa lebda teqqar belli tameslayt-a n lbaraj n Nnehḍa, d ijjen tmeslayt n tudert niɣ n tmettant. Maca awarn i umi tedwel tcarrit n lbaraj d ijjen tidet tban, min ɣer-s ɣer lḥukuma n Misra a t-tegg?
Misra, teqqar belli nettat ɛad aqqa-tt deg webrid n tdiplumasin zeg uɣezdis n tmunt n tefriqt, tenna amen teqqar lebda, belli nettat wer tqebbel ca n ufessay i dd-ɣa yekken zi Ityupya waha.
Lazaɣ!
Misra teqqar belli mamek ma yella wemsetfaq di min dd-yusin, ittxessa a deg-s tili tesɣart-nnes di Nnil i ittawḍen al 55 milyar m3 zeg waman n yeɣzar.
Mala walu qeɛ, itteffeɣ-dd ca n 49 milyar m3 n waman zi Nnil azegza kul asegg°as. Ityupya tettagi ad tcedd awal aked Misra bac ad tejj ijjen lmiqdar n waman ad azzlen bac ad ɣer-s ɛdun.
Yettwanna x lbaraj n Nnehḍa belli d ijjen lxaṭar x Misra, i yellan d ijjen tmurt tuẓeɣ, wer deg-s bu waman mseqqem.
Lbank amaḍlan yeqqar x ca n tmurt belli wer deg-s bu waman, xmi ittili kul aterras di tmurt-a tettas-as-dd qell i 1000 m3 n waman yizdigen deg usegg°as. Di Misra, kul aterras ɣer-s 550 m3 n waman kul asegg°as ɛla ḥsab min tenna lḥukuma n tmurt-a.
Ruḥ nḍer tiṭṭawin x lxariṭa n Misra, ad tafed belli 90% n imezdaɣ-nnes i ittawḍen ɣer 100 melyun, usin-dd x yeɣzar n Nnil, waxxa tamurt n Misra temɣar aṭṭas.
« Ruḥ nican »
Nnil, zeg-s i ttɛicen Imesriyen. ssenni i sessen, ssenni i ttsesswen min tteẓẓun.
Tasɣart-nnes n waman i ittawḍen ɣer 55 milyar m3 kul asegg°as, wer das tettiweḍ, rni x-as, lexxu ad tenqes s lbaraj n Nnehḍa.
Merra min hejmen itilibizyunen n Misra x Ityupya, wer zeg-s iwiyen walu.
Imisriyen ttwalan belli Ityupya terbeḥ lweqt deg wejbad deg wemsawal, maca ttuɣa txeddem ccɣel-nnes di tmurt, bac ad tḥewwes iɣzar, ad yili axmi nnes.
Gedu Andargachew i yellen d lewzir n berra n tmurt n Ityupya, deg yijjen tzemmemt-nnes yenna deg-s: « Lexxu iɣzar yedwel d lebḥer.. Nnil-nneɣ ». tazemmemt-a tusa-dd s lefraḥet n usegg°as amezwaru n tcarit n lbaraj n Nnehḍa
Tazemmemt-a tessusf x tiqqad i Imisriyen, tejja-ten ad ttwalan belli merra minzi ttuɣa ttegg°den d wenni d netta.
Ɛimad Ddin Ḥusayen, yenna deg ujurnal n « Ccuruq lyawmiya » belli Ityupya terna tamurt-nnes. Maca bac ad yesselha cwayt imeɣra-nnes, yenna belli amseksi ɛad wer ikemmel.
Yerni Ḥusayn yenna: « Ugin Iyityupiyen ad amnen ila mala wer yelli Nnil, Misra ad temmet. Nitni ɣer-sen aṭṭas n iɣezran, ɣer-sen kter zi 950 milyar m3 kul asegg°as. Neccin ɣer-neɣ ayenni n tuddimt n 55 milya m3, tettwaḥsab d azgen n min netteḥdaja n waman. tettwaḥsab ɛawed d azgen n min tsess ɣir leksibet-nsen ».
Amseksi d adiplumasi
Zeg uɣezdis-nnes, Misra tekker tbedd x uḍar-nnes ḥuma ad terzu x ifessayen i wemxumbel-a. Tegga ca n isurifen ameknaw asunneḍ n waman n buxraru bac ad nefɛen i tsessawt, d tsersiwin n usizdeg n waman, d uṭuwwer n tsessawt s ca n tebridin i ɣa iḥawlen x waman wer ḍḍeyyiɛen, s utekli x tsessawt n wesniqqeḍ.
Maca amxumbel-a n laẓaɣ di Misra, yezmer ad yili d ijjten zi tewriqin n wemseksi adiplumasi, mala tesxedm-it Misra ḥma a dd ɣer-s tmeyyel tamɛawant n tmura n dduneyt.
Tisurifin i tegga Misra al lexxu bac a dd-asent tmura n umaḍal aked uɣezdis-nnes, merra tefcel deg-sent.
Maca Ityupya tiwi-dd ixf-nnes di Tefriqt n wadday, ula deg Umarikan.
Arayes n tmunt n Tefriqt Cyril Ramaphosa, i yellan d arayes n tmurt n Tefriqt n waddy, aṭṭas n imisriyen ttwalan-t belli ittmeyyel ɣer Ityupya. S uya, amsawal deg uɣezdis-a wer x-as bu utekli.
Mala wer tiwiḍ tmurt n Misra ɣer walu di Tefriqt, tettwala belli ḍḍusi a t-tessers jer ifassen n wesɣim n lehna n amaḍlan, bac ad tekre ifassen n Ityupya.
Maca wer das-yeḍmin ḥedd belli merra xemsa n tmura deg wesɣim-a a kid-s dd-asent di min teqqar.
Ffɣen-dd ca n Arappurat d imeggura qqaren belli Ccinwa d Arusya ad beddent deg wubrid n usurif-a, minzi s tnayen idsent ɣer-sent imxumbal n iɣezran ula d nitenti aked jjiran.
Mala wer yeɛdil wemxumbel-a n Nnil jer Ityupya d Misra, Min dd-yegguren wer yelli bu n ɛlaxir.
Lazaɣ di tmurt n Misra ad yejj imisriyen ad gajen d tiḥimriwin ɣer tmura nniḍen di Tefriqt d Uruppa, Amen amseksi s lesnaḥ jer tnayen-a n tmura, deg-s aṭṭas n lxaṭar walli x Tefriqt waha, maca x umaḍal amen yekmel.
BBC


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Mi yesselwi yiwet n temlilit d yikataren n ugezdu-nnes, iweṣṣa uneɣlaf dakken yessefk ad ssuggten ussisen i usefqed n yikaramen n yimsutren n wahil n AADL 2 ay werɛad ur xellṣen ara amur amezwaru n tnezduɣt-nsen, ɣef wakken ay d-yekcef ulɣu-a.
Mennaw n yimeggiyen inezzanen n Tnegga n Uselhu d Usnegmu n Tnezduɣt ay yettmahalen, s usemyuddes d tmehla tamatut n ufaylu n tnezduɣt n uɣlif, akken ad sfeqden ikaramen n yimsutren ay werɛad ur xellṣen ara amur amezwaru n tnezduɣt-nsen, ɣef wakken ay d-ixebber uɣlif.
Seg yidis niḍen, yesselwi uneɣlaf timlilit tatwilant ɣef tmeṣkiwt n usfaylu amdinan n Wad Ɣir (Bgayet) i uheyyi n terzi-nnes ay d-yetteddun ɣef twilayt-a, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna ulɣu-a ay d-yernan dakken « amyager-a iswi-nnes d uddun d tukksa n wuguren itwilanen yellan deg unrar s usemyuddes d yigzumen niḍen ».
Mennaw n tenqiḍin ayɣef d-yella wawal, gar-asent tiɣermin n waman ay ṣken deg usfaylu amdinan n Wad Ɣir, aɣram n waman, tuqqna ɣer wurrig d tetrist d yimahilen n useqɛed uffiɣ.
Dima deg temsalt-a, yumeṛ Mass Belaribi imasayen n ugzum-nnes akken ad sɛejlen anya n umahil. I usmekti, asfaylu amdinan n Wad Ɣir yeṭṭef tajumma n 250 n yiqeṭṭaren yernu llant deg-s 16.000 n tnezduɣin.


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Taǧnant (Bumerdas)
Taǧnant (Djinet[1] s tṛumit seg tasehrest taṛumit, جنات s taɛrabt, ) d tamdint n twilayt n Bumerdas, deg Tadayra n Lburǧ n Yemnayen.
Tarakalt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Taǧnant d tamdint tamecṭuḥt yellan deg tafsirt n tadayra n Lburǧ n Yemnayen, tettwafreg sɣur entourée par Lburǧ n Yemnayen, Sidi Dawed d Ilegwaḍen. Tella ar 15 km deg Ugafa-Agmuḍ n Lburǧ n Yemnayen, tamdint tameqrant ugaren tiyaḍ nniḍen deg umkan nni, dɣa ar 25 km n udeg-aɣella n twilayt.
Asideg (timella)[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tamdint tesɛa 21 966 imezdaɣen seg uddun n umezdaɣ aneggaru (2008).
Tira d timselyutin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Izdayen uffiɣen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Assideg agensay n Taǧnant ɣef "Wikimapia"
- Assideg agensay n Taǧnant ɣef "Google Maps"
- Assideg agensay n Taǧnant ɣef "Bing"
- Assideg agensay n Taǧnant ɣef "Here"
- Assideg n iberdan n umesni ar Taǧnant ɣef "OpenStreetMap (OSM)"
- Adeg "www.thenia.net" s unmager d tiwlifin n Taǧnant
- Adeg amezwaru "http://menerville.free.fr" ɣef "Ménerville et Djinet" avant 1962
- Adeg wis sin "http://menerville2.free.fr" ɣef "Ménerville et Djinet" avant 1962


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Deffir talzaɣi-nnes n wureɣ tamezwarut ay d-yerbeḥ deg Fuṛaṛ yezrin deg umsazwar agraɣlan n uzatim n uzemmur n Dubay (Dubai Olive Oil Competition, DOOC), anfaras Hakim Alileche, yellan d amli n tmeṛka n « Dahbia », yewwi tazalɣi-nnes n wureɣ tis snat ass n 30 Yulyu yezrin ɣef ufaris-nnes ay yeqqimen s tɣara-nni ay yella yesɛa-tt semmus n wayyuren aya.
Deg yiwet n tesguri i Tnegga n Yisalan n Zzayer, iwekked-d Mass Alileche dakken tazalɣi-a tamaynut n wureɣ tettunefk-as ɣef « uzatim-nni ay yettwaselḍen deg Fuṛaṛ yezrin yernu d yiwet n tesmilt n yimgillan d tagraɣlant » ay ifernen azatim-nnes.
« Azatim-nni yeqqim swaswa akken yella deffir semmus n wayyuren yernu d aya ay t-yeǧǧan ad d-yawi tazalɣi-nnes tis snat », ɣef wakken ay d-yessegza.
Yummar Mass Alileche imi ay d-yewwi tazalɣi-a i tikkelt tis snat, yernu yenna-d dakken aya yesskanay-d taɣara « taneblalt » n uzatim n uzemmur azzayri.
« Aya yesskanay-d dakken infarasen izzayriyen n uzatim sɛan timesnegt d tameqrant deg wayen yerzan tiẓdin n uzemmur i tussfa n uzatim d aqeyyar mliḥ », ɣef wakken ay d-yerna.
Yewwi-d yakan Mass Alileche mennaw n tzalɣiwin niḍen gar-asent tazalɣi n wureɣ n umsazwar agraɣlan n uzatim n uzemmur aqeyyar n Japun (Japan Olive Oil Prize) deg Mayu yezrin.


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Mi d-yettwaɛreḍ ɣer uɣmis n tliẓrit n tis 8:00 n tmeddit deg tliẓrit tanagdudt, yenna-d Mass Beldjoud dakken timurɣiyin-a nɣant 24 n yimdanen deg twilayt n Ṭṭaref d sin niḍen deg twilayt n Sḍif.
Timurɣiyin-a sxeṣrent 1800 n yiqeṭṭaren n ufersun d wazal n 800 n yiqeṭṭaren n tẓegwa dge Ṭṭaref, Sḍif, Suq Ahṛas, Ǧiǧel, Skikda d Tipaza, ɣef wakken ay d-yerna.
Ɣef leḥsab n uneɣlaf n ugensu, tagnit tanezwant ay d-yellan deg mennaw n twilayin n ugmuḍ (azɣal d waḍu) d ayen ay d-yellan d ssebba deg tmurɣiyin-a, yernu yenced-d iɣermanen akken ad ḥadren ugar, ladɣa deg wayyur-a.
Ixebber-d daɣ dakken « timurɣiyin ay d-yellan deg Suq Ahṛas ttwasseɣsint », am wakken ay srewlen 350 n twaculin deg twilayt-a.


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Facebook d yiwen uzeṭṭa n tmetti deg internet yettaǧǧan yal amdan yesɛan amiḍan ad yesnulfu amaɣnu n useqdac, deg-s ad iceggeɛ tilɣa izemren ad walin w'i d-is-yehwan, akken yextaṛ. yezmer ad iceggeɛ tilɣa ama d: (tugniwin, iḍrisen, imarrazen, atg.) ad yesnulfu isebtaren, igrawen iwakken ad yeǧǧ wiyaḍ ad issinen tisuddutin, tiṛmisin, d wayen yark fayeg yettnaḍaḥ. Deg isebtaren, d igrawen ayen yark i yebḍa umseqdac ad twalin imseqdacen wiyaḍ maci am ma yili s umaɣnu-yines.
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ɣliVB [ɣli]
tomber
Flexions ɣliyeɣli tetteɣlayem teɣlimt itteɣlayen ɣelli iɣelli ɣellin tteɣlayemt ɣliɣ tetteɣlay neɣli tteɣlayent yeɣlin ɣelliɣ tɣellim tteɣlay ɣlit yetteɣlay iɣli tetteɣlayemt ɣlin ɣellit tɣelli ɣellint tteɣlayeɣ teɣliḍ netteɣlay teɣlim yetteɣlayen iɣlin tɣelliḍ tɣellimt tteɣlayet ɣlimt itteɣlay teɣli tteɣlayen ɣlint ɣellimt nɣelli iɣellin ɣli tetteɣlayeḍ
Sources ɣli
- BOUAMARA Kamel, Issin : Asegzawal n teqbaylit s teqbaylit, Editions l'Odyssée, Tizi-Ouzou, 2010
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982
Phrases avec le mot ɣli
Yerna yesedda afus-is mi d iɣli ɣef yiwet tikkelt ubernus nni yesqerbubez wegris, yuɣal zun d adni .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Tasusmi teɣli d .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Acemma kan qrib iɣli .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Mi yas-isla i wawal n baba-s, iɣli d igenni fell-as .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]


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« Amurrakuc i wer yettwissnen, azgen amezwaru: ufuɣ x Arif ».
« Le Maroc inconnu; Exploration du Rif »
Mayemmi i nniɣ « ufuɣ x Arif »? Minzi d wa d awal i ttwaliɣ di trifit ad yemɛawaḍ aked wawal n tefransist « exploration du Rif » i dd-yusin deg wezwel. Neqqar: ffɣeɣ x txabit, ffɣeɣ x yij n temkant wer tt-yessin ula d ijjen, yeffeɣ x lmeɛden…
D ij n wedlis yura-t Auguste Mouliéras, yettwafsar aseggas n 1895. D ij n tɣuri d tatnugrafit tettwagg x tqebbal n Arif..
Mayemmi tettwagg? D ma tiwi-dd ca n tidet ?… Wa d asentel nniḍen… Maca min ixessen a t-nessen; aqa bab n wedlis-a, ɛemmers di tudert-nnes ma yeɛjen di Arif (ɛlaḥsab min yenna netta), yettkel x min ttuɣa das-dd-yesmuna ij n weqbayli ttuɣa yettwassen s « Ddriwec », isem-nnes Muḥḥemmed n Ṭṭeyyeb, yekka kter zi ɛecrin n iseggusa netta ittenfifil jer tqebbal n Arif, ittawey-as-dd i Mouliéras min yeẓra d min iɛic… (¹)
Adlis-a, iturjem-it Ɛezzeddin Lxeṭṭabi ɣer teɛrabt aseggas n 2007. Bac ad yettwaturjem wedlis-a wa, d ij n lḥajet wer tehwin. Itteḥdaja uya ij n lmejhud yemɣar s waṭṭas.
Awarn i teɣri-inu i wedlis s tnayen n yilsawen, (tafransist d teɛrabt), beddeɣ ɣer taqsuḥi n lxedmet i yegga Ɛezzeddin Lxeṭṭabi, kter ɛad deg yij n tɣuri am ta i itteḥdajan zeg uturejman wer yesrusi awal ar ɣa yessen ila nican yeṭṭef amkan-nnes deg weḍris amen tenna.
Necc da, Yallah ad beddeɣ ɣer wezwel, zemmemeɣ x-as ca n texzarin, wer deg-sent-idd usiɣ ca aked uturjem i yixḍar uturejman Ɛezzeddin Lxeṭṭabi.
« Le Maroc inconnu » yegga-s netta: « almaɣrib lmajhùl » (المغرب المجهول). Mala nbedd cwayt ɣer « Le Maroc », (ɛlaḥsab min yeqqar Mouliéras s yexf-nnes); « qqaren-t i yij n tmurt tewta zi Wehren ar lmuḥiṭ […] isem-nnes yekka-dd zeg yijten zi tneddam-nnes » . « … Nous l’appelons le Maroc, du nom corrompu d’une de ses principales villes » (²) , (yeqseḍ zeg-s tandint n Merrakec) .
Deg wakud-a wa i di yettwari wedlis-a, (ineggura n lqern 19), tamurt i xef yessawal ttuɣa qqaren-as « Murrakuc » مراكش, ula d ajellid ttuɣa ittsemma ixf-nnes s « sulṭan Murrakuc ». سلطان مراكش. Maca Ɛezzeddin Lxeṭṭabi yixḍar bac ad iḥaz isem-a wa, a dd-yawi ij n yisem-nneɣni i zi t-ɣa ibeddel; netta d « Lmeɣrib ». المغرب
Mala nseɛɛef min yeqqar Mouliéras, wer din ula d ij n tendint di tmurt-a i xef yessawal qqaren-as « Lmeɣrib », niɣ yudes lmeɛna-nnes ɣer « Lmeɣrib » . S uya, zi tewwurt n wesrusi n wawal deg wemkan-nnes, ttwaliɣ ila ilaq i uturejman ad yessers awal n « Merrakec » مراكش i dd-ittasen nican aked min dd-yusin deg weḍris n tefransist (Le Maroc).
Deg uɣezdis nniḍen, awal wiss tnayen deg wezwel « inconnu », ittwaturjem ɣer teɛrabt s « almajhùl » المجهول. Ttwaliɣ-t d ij n uturjem yessilleɣ cwayt lmeɛna n weḍris amezwaru. Amen i dd-tusa; ilaq a das-yixḍar ij n wawal i yudsen ɣer lmeɛna nican, amecnaw : »al’ɣayr maɛrùf » الغير معروف.
Min nniɣ x wezwel, d ij n texzart deg uturjem, tezmer ad tuɣba, ad tcuq jer tsellyiwin n weḍris, lexdenni a dd-banent tfawin i nezmer a nesserɣ s min nettwala x wedlis-a d uturjem-nnes.
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(¹) Auguste Mouliéras, « Le Maroc inconnu, Exploration du Rif », librairie coloniale et Africaine, 1895, p:7.
(²) ________ p:3
Ɛebdelwaḥed ḤENNU


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Lqehwa s lqanun teṣbaḥ i ddat nneɣ, manaya nesnit zi melmi. Maca min ixes ad yini « s lqanun »? Ijjen trezzut d tamaynut tiweḍ ɣa cḥal n lqehwa deg wass i nzemmer a nsu bla ma thelkaneɣ.
Wenni idd‑iteffun x lqehwa, mala wer t‑yeswi yetɣima wer yetwili, wer itxess ad ɣer‑s yessiwel la d ijjen. Mkul ijjen d lqehwa nnes, mkul ijjen mamek das tetteɛjib. Anict n min iteffɣen di ddunect n lqehwa mkul ass, mala nḥesbit d ttinɛacin, ad aneɣ iwedder leḥsab.
Aṭṭas n yewdan tteslid zzag‑sen: senqess zi lqehwa, qa d taɛeffant, Akufayin wayeḥli. Aṭṭas n yewdan sessent s undemmi, ttexsen ad das beɛɛden.
Ict tkaffect? tnayn, niɣ d ɛecra deg ass?
Aneɣmis yecnan d amzwar: Lehlak n wul d watansyu tegga‑s trezzut ijjen lḥedd n lqehwa yeuɛɛla. Imussnawen n tesdawit n « South Australia » ufin belli tzemmred ad teswed ar setta n tfenjalin deg wass bla ma ategwed. Amussnawn di UniSA Dr. Ang Zhouand d Teprufissurt Elina Hyppönen zi Australian Centre for Precision Health iwḍen belli:
Iwdan isessen ar setta n leqhawi deg wass, niɣ inni isessen tnayn waha, temsar‑asen di min yeqqnen ɣer lehlak n wul am yenni wer t‑isessen qaɛ. Marra wer llin ca x tma n lehlak n wul. Xelli ɛad inni wer t‑isessen yettmerni ɣer‑sen arrisk n lehlak s 11%. inni isessen lqehwa umi yekkes ukafyin s 7%. inni isessen ar setta deg wass 22%.
Tarezzut x 340.000 n yewdan
Tarezzut ittwafsren x ‘The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition‘ , Dr. Zhouand d Pruf. Hyppönen xzern seḥḥet n 347.077 n yewdan di lɛumur‑nsen jar 37 d 73 iseggʷusa, Data nsen temmeksi-dd x UK Biobank, ufin zzag‑sen 8.368 helken zeg ul.
Zi setta n leqhawi deg wass, ibedda lxaṭar
« Lehlak n wul, ittmerni s walay n wattansyu, aneggar‑as yeqqen aṭṭas ɣer ukufayin » i yenna Hyppönen.
« Ḥima ad yeqqim wul mliḥ, ad yexdem mliḥ, ixessa iwdan wer sɛeddin i setta n tfenjalin (ṭṭasat) n lqehwa deg wass. Di trezzut i negga, nufa iwdan i helken marra sessen niɣ ttuɣa sessen ktar zi setta mkul ass, inni isessen qell, nufa‑ten aqqayen mliḥ »
Ɛer ɛawd:


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Æebdessamad Zaryuḥi:Audio 1:50
ÂToby i das qqaren i bu accaw acemlal i iwsaren aá¹á¹as qaÉÉ didduniyt, yemmut x 54 n issegusa deg ij n uparki n imuddar deg Uá¹alyan. Amudder-a yemmut umi das ibedd wul. Manaya tennat tamessiwelt s yisem n uparki âParco Natura Vivaâ di temdint Bussolengo, i yudsen tamdint Verona. Aklasiâya n bu-accawen icemlalen i ittÉicen deg useḥjab, teddren nurmal 40 issegusa, yenni ittÉiccen di lexla teddren 30 issegusa waha.
Nono Toby immut 6 ktuber 2021 deg uparki n imudder. Yewá¸a umi ila iggur É£er lkuri mani iteá¹á¹es. Azgen n tseÉÉet awarni umi yewá¸a i s-ibedd wul, i tenna Elisia Livia i yellan d tamessiwelt s yisem n uparki-ya.
Chi meglio del nostro Toby poteva rappresentare la nostra più assonnata faccia del lunedì post settimana di #Pasqua?! ð¤£â Parco Natura Viva (@ParcoNaturaViva) April 29, 2019
ð¸ Foto di Giorgio Ottolini pic.twitter.com/Ox2A7fbTau
Amudder-a iggur ad inqaá¸a
Bu-accawa-a i immuten a tâsḥenden d amezwar, uca a tâsseknen di lmetḥef n tussna ‘MuSe’ di temdint Trento i yellan di sennej n Uá¹alyan.
« Dini i É£a imÉacar aked weyrad acemlal i ddâyusin zeg parki d ijjen, i yemmuten 5 n issegussa zeg wami », i tenna Pennacchioni.
Deg 2021 i temmut Sugar tamɣart n Toby. Rux umi iruḥ ra d Toby, iqim-asen ij n bu-accaw acemlal waha deg uparki-ya, ɣer-s 39 n issegusa ggin-as isem Benno.
Bu-accaw acemlal itwaḥsab zeg immudar igguren ad nqaá¸an. Rux tnayen i ittÉicen zeg-sen di lexla waha. Qqaren-asen Najin d Fatu, s tnayen d tiwetmin, teddrent di Kinya, aqqa-tent lebda saddu ḥeá¹á¹u n iÉessasen ḥuma wer tentâyemmaren yewdan. LebÉad n lechurat zeg wami ca n imussnawen senfaren timbriyutin n ummudar-a ḥuma a tâÉ£aten, ḥuma wer ittÄnqaá¸a ca.
Tala: hln


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Mkur twalat min ttafen imussnawen d amaynu x Corona. Min itirar uklaṣi n idammen, rezzun dag‑s ca n imussnawen di Nnemsa (Austria).
Tesned man idammen ɣer‑k (lfaṣila)? iwdan iticcen idammen qaɛssnen ma ɣer‑sen A, B, AB niɣ O. Manayenni itemṣebḍa di tdarrin tizegʷaɣin n idammen, niɣ mara nxess ad nalleɣ, wenni d apruṭin n idammen. Qqaren‑as ɛawed « Antigen ». Xmi wer ttifen Antigen x tmuwwa n tidarrin tizgʷaɣin, ruxnnit nessawal x uklaṣi « O ». Iwdan ɣer yella « A » dag‑sn Antigen « A ».
Min d yewyen manaya ɣer ubirus n Corona? Min ɣer iwḍen di Nnemsa, izwaren ɣer‑s Icinwiyyen. Eva Maria Matzhold d Thomas Wagner i yellan di University klinik n trezzut deg iklusay n idammen ufin belli: iwdan ɣer yella idammen O heddcen qell s Corona x yenni ɣer yella A, B, niɣ AB. (Orf.at)
Di leḥsab, iwdan ɣer yella O drust zzag‑sen i tleqqef Corona
Di tɣuri nsen, xzren 399 n yewdan helken s Covid-19, iwden zzag‑s ar seppitar. Yenna Thomas Wagner i yjurnalisten: Nufa belli iwdan ɣer yela O, s leḥsab ɣer‑sen arrisk d amzyan ad helken s Corona, inni ɣer yella AB hellken zzag‑s aṭṭas.
Mana ḥekkren‑as Icinwiyyen qbel, ufin aṭṭas zeg inni ihelken s Covid-19 ɣer‑sen idammen « A », drust waha zeg imehlak ɣer yella « O ». Mamek la d ijjen trezzut nniḍen di Uruppa, tufa belli iwdan ɣer yella « A » qayn di 50% n lxaṭar ad ten‑tessidef Corona seppitar. Iwdan ɣer yella O, wer zzag‑sen tewwi walu.
Maca imussnawen qqren belli ixessa iwdan marra ad ḥḍan waxxar ɣer‑sen « O » ixf‑nsen, minzi tɣuri‑ya n statistik waha, wer tebni ca x trezzut n llabur.
I kenniw, tesnem man aklaṣi n iḍammen ɣer‑wem?
Ɣer ɛawd:


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Inna useqqim ameqqran n Imaziɣen n Libiya, tameddit n lḥedd, belli iggur ad qeḍɛen x « istayen » i ɣa yilin x ddustur Alibi s wudem-nnes i yellan luxa. Mamec wekkden ila aqqa-yen x usurif ḥma ad ggen « ijjen jjihet tis rebɛa ». Yus-d usiweḍ n useqqim zegga ggin « ijjen ujemmuɛ n merra tiɣiwanin i yellan adu fus-nnes d igmamen ittwastiyen zi tneddam Timaziɣin yettwaggen di Jadu ». Amec yessiwel usiweḍ n useqqim x « usinef itteggen i tseqqar n Imaziɣen Tidusturyin».
Aseqqim s yixef-nnes yugi x tmufaɣ n wegraw yemsaren di temdint n Lɣerdaqa Tamisriyt. Yerni yenna, ila netta ittweqqar ijjen udustur yettwaru di tmurt bla ma ad ssuḍen di tmeẓẓuɣt zi lberrani. Ittweqqar ijjen udustur ttafen dag-s Ilibiyen isitam-nnsen d inuraẓ-nnsen. Asinef-a i d-yusin « zi tawmat zi ddin d tmurt », amec yenna useqqim, yejj-it ḥuma ad yegg ijjen jjihet tis rebɛa, ijjen jjihet n Imaziɣen waha.


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Tajmilt i umussnaw n tesniles amnadi deg tunumastikt Mass Fuḍil Cerigen ass n 17 Furar 2021.
Deg wahil n yirmad-ines i useggas n 2021 yerzan asmil d usekrazal n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg uḥric-ines akadimi ussnan, Asqamu Unnug n Timlmuzɣa, s tilin n Umaray amatu Mass Si Lhacimi Ɛessad, yessuddes-d i wass n 17 Furar 2021 yiwet n temlilit ad tili d tajmilt i umussnaw n tesniles amnadi deg tunumastikt Mass Fuḍil Cerigen.
timilit-a ad tili d tagnit i umeskar ad yessisen zdat wid aara iḥedren s udlis-ines aneggaru amawal n tesnadegt tazzayrit n wadgen yettwazedɣen d-yessuffeɣ usqamu unnig n timmuzɣa deg tazwara n useggas-a 2021.
timilit-a yettawbudden i umnadi ameqran ad d-tili s uttikki n yimḍebbren n ugezdu akked ugraw n yisdawanen d yimnadiyen deg taɣulin yemxallafen yerzan idles d tulayt tamaziɣt. ɣer yidis nwaya ad d-tili temzikent imaynuten d-yessffeɣ Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa, d timilit ara sdulin yeɣmisen d wallalen nniḍen n tɣamsa.


text:
axeddimN.M [axeddim]
travail
work
عمل
Flexions axeddimyixeddimen txeddimt uxeddim tixeddimin ixeddimen taxeddimt txeddimin axeddim
Phrases avec le mot axeddim
Ilmend n txeddimt n wuzzal di tḥanutt n baba, irna iwwi-d tamussni nniḍen i warrac n Ubdir akken ad xedmen ayen ur ssinen zik .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Tameddit nni, mi d ikcem wergaz seg yefri, udem d ifassen d iberkanen di lefḥem n txeddimt n lemkaḥel, iqqim ad issired .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Iẓra d taxeddimt nni, d ssenɛa nni ger ifassen-is ara s-ildin tiwwura n tmeddurt .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Akken iḥemmel taxeddimt n wuzzal di tḥanutt userrar i yessaram i txeddimt n tfellaḥt di tmizar-is .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]


text:
Lawan n temlilit-agi; aselway Tebboune yesmuzget i wayen akk icaɣben d yisumar n yiɛeggalen-agi izzayriyen yettidiren di Ṭṭurk u yerra-yasen i tuttriwin-nsen yerzan tagnitt di Lezzayer d waddad n wassaɣen yellan ger Lezzayer d Ṭṭurk.
AselwayTebboune yemlal igensasen n tɣerfa taɣelnawt yettidiren di Ṭṭurk
ANKARA - Aselway n Tegduda, Mas Abdelmadjid Tebboune yemlal ass n lḥedd tameddit di Ankara (Ṭṭurk) igensasen n tɣerfa taɣelnawt yettidiren di tmurt taṭurkit, ayagi yella-d ɣer yidis n tirza tawanakt i la ixeddem di tmurt-agi s wencad n wemtil-nnes aṭurki, Mas Recep Tayyip Erdogan.


text:
Yessekyed unabaḍ asenfar n usaḍuf amaynu n useftiAkwas, 23 Dujembeṛ 2021 10:18
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yessekyed unabaḍ, ass n ukras, deg yiwet n temlilit ay yesselwi uneɣlaf amenzu, aneɣlaf n tedrimt, Aimene Benabderrahmane, yiwen n usenfar n usaḍuf yerzan asmal n usefti, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna yiwen n ulɣu n yimeẓla n uneɣlaf amenzu.
Asduqqes amguran: Aselhu n tinnuzɣa n usefti d yihri awerdaniAsinas, 07 Dujembeṛ 2021 14:14
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Asarag Aɣelnaw ɣef Usduqqes Amguran ay ifuken ass n uynas, d win ay ifuken s mennaw n yisemtar yerzan ladɣa anaḍ n uselhu n tinnuzɣa n usefti d yihri awerdani s useɣnew n tsemsedda d timellilin deg tgensas tidiplumatiyin n Zzayer deg uzɣar.
Asduqqes amguran: D asurif i useɣti n ukala ucciḍAsinas, 07 Dujembeṛ 2021 13:17
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Iwekked-d uneɣlaf amenzu, aneɣlaf n tedrimt, Aimene Benabderrahmane, dakken Asarag Aɣelnaw ɣef Usduqqes Amguran ay ifuken ass n uynas deg Zzayer Tamaneɣt, d win ara d-yessuffɣen tamurt seg usefrek attalan yernu ad tt-yessidef ɣer tallit n usefrek yersen ɣef yiɣawasen yettwazerwen i useɣti n yikalaten ucciḍen ay teḍfer naqal Zzayer.
Tiṛmisin timguranin tinagdudin d tusligin yessefk ad ssuddsent iman-nsent d timeqquninAsinas, 07 Dujembeṛ 2021 12:35
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ifuk Usarag Aɣelnaw ɣef Usduqqes Amguran ass n uynas s mennaw n yisemtar gar-sen taḍullit n useɣnew n tmeqqunin ara yezrin tiṛmisin timguranin tinagdudin d tusligin.
Tamguri taɣelnawt yessefk ad tedrew s 15% deg ufaris agensi anusemAsamas, 05 Dujembeṛ 2021 11:21
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Iwekked-d uselway n tegduda, Mass Abdelmadjid Tebboune, ass n usiḍyas deg Zzayer Tamaneɣt, ɣef tḍullit n usali n udraw n temguri deg ufaris agensi anusem akken ad yaweḍ ɣer gar 10 d 15% akken ad yeqleɛ ugzum-a s tidet.
Tebboune yumeṛ ad d-tili « tegrawla tamgurant » n tidetAsamas, 05 Dujembeṛ 2021 10:03
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yumeṛ uselway n tegduda, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, ass n usiḍyas deg Zzayer Tamaneɣt, akken ad ttwaddmen yisurifen d ikmamen akken ad d-tili « tegrawla tamgurant » n tidet yernu ad yernu udraw n temguri deg tdamsa taɣelnawt, am wakken ay yessefk ad ttwakksen akk wunjugen ibiruqraṭiyen i usides n tedbelt ɣer yimsefti.
Iɣeblan n uɣerman n menwala d « ul n tuzwirin-inu »Asamas, 05 Dujembeṛ 2021 09:44
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Yenna-d uselway n tegduda, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, ass n usiḍyas deg Zzayer Tamaneɣt, dakken iɣeblan n uɣerman aḥerfi d nitni ay d ul n « tuzwirin-nnes ».
Atqelleɛ Tnegga taɣelnawt n wakal amguran deg 2022Asiḍyas, 04 Dujembeṛ 2021 15:10
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Aselway n Tegduda, Abdelmadjid Tebboune yenna-d, ass n usiḍyas (ssebt) deg Lezzayer tamaneɣt, dakken ad qelleɛ Tenegga taɣelwat n wakal amguran aseggas i d-iteddun.
Yesselwi uselway Tebboune alday n yimuhal n usarag aɣelnaw ɣef usduqqes amguranAsiḍyas, 04 Dujembeṛ 2021 14:52
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Aselway n Tegduda, Mass Abdelmadjid Tebboune yesselwi, ass n usiḍyas (ssebt) deg Lezzayer tamaneɣt, alday n yimuhal n usarag aɣelnaw ɣef usduqqes amguran, iswan-nsen d asersi n yiwet n tmuɣli tastratijant i ugzum amguran akked umjaji n yisegbaren ɣef usduqqes adamsan.
Aneɣlaf amenzu: « Tiḍusiwin tineggura » i usuɣal n wakal ur yettwamdenAkras, 24 Wamber 2021 11:22
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Iwekked-d uneɣlaf amenzu, aneɣlaf n tedrimt, Aimene Benabderrahmane, ass n usinas, dakken anabaḍ atan yelha-d s « tḍusiwin tineggura » akken ad d-yessuɣal akal amguran, akerrazan d umerran ur yettwamden i lmend n wallus n usedger-nnes i yimseftiyen « n tidet ».


text: Aylimas s tifinaɣⴰⵢⵍⵉⵎⴰⵙ iga yan agllid amaziɣ. Tusut n s tafransist (IVè / IIIè s. av. J.-C ) s tifinaɣtusutin n tis III / II urta illa eisa. Inbṭ tagldit tamqrant n numidya n iming s tafransist (Nomiedie oriontale ). Afus ɣ ufus d Apatucl s tafransist (Agathocle ) d gar azdi dis nit ɣ tigira. Iga amzwaru lli isbidn taglda tamqrant s tafransist (dynastie ) n ayt imasiln niɣ imasilisn (tuckad ɣ Masinissa). Ig babas n Ilis s tafransist (Ilès ) n Narwasa s tafransist (Narwas ) lli mmu tga tamaẓunt ns iɣrm aqqbur n Duga s tafransist (Ilès ).


text:
Isuffeɣ-d ussan-a kan ucennay Yasin Cemmac, neɣ n Ayt Icemciwen s yisem azwaw, iseɣrez-is amenzu n ccna s uzwel n « Abrid n lehna », seld ddeqs n wayyuren n uxeddim d waṭas n yiseggasen n uraǧu. Imi Yasin acḥal netta di ddhen-is ad yessekles aḍebsi n tezlatin, maca armi d tura i d-yeqqers usenfar-a.
Ayen yerzan taḥawact i d-yewwi i wid iḥemmlen aẓawan, ddant-d deg umaynut-a ṭamet n tezlatin merra-merra, i d-yusan deg usismel-a: « Abrid n lehna », « Udem n talwit », « Tawla n lemḥibba », « Mi ttruɣ », « Tirga n leɣlaḍ », « Ttu-yi », « Nnecraḥ » akked « Tamussni ». Akken i t-id-qqaren yizwal, yecna yilemẓi-a, mmi-s n tɣiwant Ayt Smaɛel ɣef tlufa icudden ɣer tmetti d tikli-s, s ugmar n kra n waddaden d tikci n kra n yiwellihen s ubrid n yisefra. Yesqerdec daɣen, am tuget n yilemẓiyen, asentel d tayri di kra n tezlatin. Am wakken i d-yewwi kra n yisental-nni.
Akken i aɣ-t-id-yenna ucennay s timmad-is, aṭas i irhen akken ad isamed asenfar-a, daymi yessaram ad yehwu amacemma i wid ara yeslen. Akka tura ihi, tzemrem ad tafem iseɣrez-a di kra n yimeḍqan deg usamar n Bgayet, di leɛḍil ad yeɛreḍ bab-is ad as-yeg asuzzer yelhan ugar. Imi akken neẓra, liḥala n unaẓur ur tessefraḥ di tmurt-a, tugart imi ula d ayen ara iɛell unfaras d umzuzzer, d netta s timmad-is i t-ixeddmen.
M. Azwaw


text: Centre, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie Cite freres kraria n°57 groupe 4, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie Groupe d'habitat 240 lots n°195 centre, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie lotissement 240 lots n°227 groupe 20 centre, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie lotissement 240 lots n°235, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie Lotissement 240 lot, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie Lotissement 240 lots n° 240sous sol, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie Ain abessa, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie El batha, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie rue sans nom n° 86, Ain abessa, Setif, Algérie


text:
dimanche 3 mai 2020
HAMID CHERIET DIT IDIR....HOMMAGE
Adieu Ami, que la terre te soit légère...Tu continueras à bercer les anges et à voyager dans nos coeurs... Le étoiles ne meurent pas... . Yidir Teweer sseba n uɣilfIɣab yidir si lharaGujlent tzeɣwaIṭij yedli-t ussigna Yuɣwas udrar nat leḥsenUzelent wallen d tiregwaTafsut tuɣal d cetwaYendef uglim n tmazɣa Gugemen iẓuran n teqvaylitLjerh iḥuz tudrin maraMkul leerc ihuss s tyitaDeg umendil tezza ccama Yenna uzemni s ttvutYidir yeǧǧa-d lɣellaTudert tezwar tagaraYettru wul terra... [Lire la suite]


text:
Archives
Taqbaylit ass-a…
Llan wid/tid yettmeslayen, yettarun s tezwawt/s teqbaylit.
Llan wid/tid yettmeslayen/yettarun kan fell-as s tutlayin-nniḍen.
sɣur Akli Kebaili d Kamal Uzerrad
Awal yewweḍ ɣer yal tama n tmurt. Ass n 07.02.2016 Tutlayt Tamaziɣt tuɣal d tutlay tunṣibt di tmenḍawt n tmurt tadzayrit. Wa yenna igerrez wannect-a mačči d kra, «tout va bien» tura. Wa yenna «annect-a d azerreg kan».
Tamenḍawt
M’ara nɣer tamenḍawt tikkelt tamezwarut, ad as-nini yella kra yelhan imi deg umagrad wis 4, tamaziɣt tuɣal d tunṣibt yerna ad ibedd yiwen wexxam n tutlayt i tmaziɣt. Ameslay ɣef tmenḍawt tamaynut n Dzayer yezmer ad yiɣzif, maca atenta kra n tneqqiḍin ara ɣ-yekksen ahat asirem :
- Azal n tmaziɣt yeqqim ddaw win n taɛrabt
- Tamaziɣt d tunṣibt maca ur d-ssufɣen ara tamenḍawt s tmaziɣt deg ujernan unṣib : tella kan s taɛrabt, s tefransist (ɣas ma tutlayt-a ur tettwabdar ara akk di lqanun).
- Tamaziɣt ur telli d aferdis yezgan di tmenḍawt (amagrad 178). Azekka ma ira udabu, fessuset tukksa-ines.
- Di tilawt, d taɛrabt iwimi terna tmenḍawt tazmert mačči d tamaziɣt i tesbedd : ẓret amagrad wis 3…
- Awal aneggaru maca s wazal-is : tamenḍawt teqqar segmi d-tekker yemma-s n ddunnit, tamurt n Dzayer d taɛrabt d tineslemt : ihi Imaziɣen ɣlin-d seg igenni ?! Ahat d iberraniyen wissen ansi d-usan… Yessen udabu adzayri amek ara yessezleg amezruy, maca imdanen ẓran akk tura d tikerkas timzennqin.
Adabu adzayri, ma yella d tidet ira tamaziɣt ad tili d tutlayt tunṣibt n tmurt, ihi ad yefk i tmaziɣt daɣen akk ayen yefka i taɛrab seg useggas n 1962 ar assa. Ma d tidet ira tamaziɣt, yessefk ad tili s tmara deg uselmed amezwaru d uselmed asinan ; yessefk ad yekmasi ass-a yakan tira-ines di tɣiwanin, ad yefk udem amaziɣ i tmurt tadzayrit deg kra yellan d aḥric n tsertit n tmurt. Ihi ma d tidet ira tamaziɣt, ad yerr tamurt n Dzayer d tamurt tafidiralit, anida zedɣen Imaziɣen ad tili tutlayt n twuri n unabaḍ-nsen d tamaziɣt, aẓiyen iran tadsimant meqqren neɣ azarug ad fernen tilelli-nsen. Deg wawal-a dɣa, yella yiwen usteqsi : dacu i d tamaziɣt-a ara yuɣalen / yellan d tunṣibt, dacu d anamek n wawal-a ɣer udabu, imi deg umagrad wis 4, tamenḍawt teqqar tantaliwin timaziɣin n Dzayer akk a tent-yessali, ad yefk allalen akken ad nnernint…
Tixsi i tt-yenɣan d idammen-is
Ayen i d-nenna s ufella yeɛna amur n tsertit, maca yella daɣen amur n wemdan. Aṭas deg-neɣ ttsuɣun kan ɣef tmaziɣt/tezwawt/teqbaylit qqaren tutlayt-nneɣ tettwaḥqer. Ma d nutni s yiman-nsen, ur as-ttaken ara azal, ur ɛerḍen ara a tt-ɣren. Aṭas daɣen n yad i yessnen tira-s ur tt-ttarun ara. Llan Yezwawen, llant Tezwawin yettwassnen, uzzlen ɣef izerfan-nneɣ, uzzlen ɣef tutlayt-nneɣ. Ma d tura ttmeslayen ɣef tmaziɣt mačči s tmaziɣt, ttarun ɣef tmaziɣt mačči s tmaziɣt. Nutni/Nutenti qqaren(t) adabu yesmussus s tutlayt-nneɣ, yesmussus fell-aneɣ. Am wakken ur ẓrin ara d nutni i d imezwura i yessengaren tutlayt-nsen tayemmat, acku ur tt-ttarun ara, ur tt-sseqdacen ara. Akken i s-qqaren imezwura-nneɣ: “Yenna-yas a baba wten-aɣ, yenna-yas a mmi ɛeqlen-aɣ”.
Ihi Izwawen ur nettakk ara azal i tutlay-nsen tayemmat, yezmer ad yini yiwen atan fkan tiṭ i udabu i wakken ad yettmesxir s tutlayt-nneɣ deg webrid ara tt-yawin ɣer usenger. Yak imezwura-nneɣ nnan «tixsi i tt-yenɣan d idammen-is».
Win iran tutlay-is ur tnegger ara, yessefk a tt-yettmeslay, yessefk a tt-yettaru!
Ihi yessefk a d-naki nekni merra s yezwawen i wakken a nettmeslay anida nedda s tutlayt-nneɣ, a tt-naru, a nexdem yes-s. S wannect-a abadu ur izemmer ara a ɣ-ikellex.
Ur telli tatut…
Ur yessefk ara ad nettu ayen yeḍran di tmurt akkd tiberxidas udabu yezgan seg 1962. Akka kan i nezmer ad nɣer tamenḍawt neɣ ad nefhem ayen akk i d-yeqqar neɣ i d-yessufuɣ udabu: s uḥezzeb ameqqran. A d-nebder kan yiwen seg ineḍruyen ineggura ilan azal meqqren, tafsut taberkant. Amek nezmer ad namen yiwen udabu yenɣan ugar n mya n medden, yiwen udabu yeǧǧan imawlan war taɣdemt, imi wid yenɣan d wid yefkan tisunḍiwin ur ttwaḥuzen ur ten-id- yewwi umeddaḥ di teqṣit. Am wakken d izan i nɣan…
Ayen yessefken akken tutlayt-nneɣ ad tuɣal d tutlayt n twuri
Win iran tamaziɣt-tazwawt yessefk a tt-yettmeslay, a tt-yettaru, a tt-yerr d tutlayt n twuri. Nekni s Yezwawen yessefk ad nẓer merra d nekni kan i yebɣan tutlayt-nneɣ, s nekni kan i tezmer ad tedder. S tutlayt-nneɣ kan i nezmer ad nessali tamurt-nneɣ d asawen, s tutlayt-nneɣ kan di tmurt-nneɣ i nezmer ad nseggem tudert-nneɣ. Ihi tutlayt-nneɣ yessefk ad tili gar ifassen-nneɣ! Ayen akk nniḍen d azerreg kan! Nekni di tmurt-nneɣ TamazɣaTalemmast (Tamurt n Yeqbayliyn/Yezwawen) ad nexdem s tutlayt-nneɣ Tazwawt-Tamaziɣt. S uwanek akk d unabaḍ n Yezwawen kan i yezmer ad yili wannect-a!
Asmekti n tefsut n 80 akk d tin n 2001/2002
Yal aseggas deg wass n 20 ibrir, tetteffeɣ tarwa n tmurt-nneɣ ɣer webrid ad temmekti ayen yeḍran aseggas n 1980 (tafsut Imaziɣen) akk d iseggasen n 2001: 2002 (tafsut taberkant). Aseggas-a 2016 d luluf i d-yeffɣen ɣer iberdan n Tizi Wezzu, Bgayet, Tubiret. Ladɣa di tikli i d-yessudes umussu i teẓlimant n tmurt taqbaylit (MAK).
Tamezwarut, yezmer ad yini yiwen annect-a d ayen yelhan, maca yesskanay-d daɣen Izwawen mazal ur msefhamen ara ɣef wayen i yessefk ad msefhamen. Tis snat, tuffɣa ɣer iberdan telha, maca yessefk ad yili ugar n waya. Yessefk ad tettwaheggi yiwet n tikli anida ara ddun merra yad yettazzalen ɣef izerfan-nsen. Tutlayt taqbaylit d tamezwarut ara ssutren maca ad ilint daɣen tiɣawsiwin yeɛnan tasertit d tilufa yakk n tudert. Yessefk daɣen ad yili ahil aserti ibedden,ilan iẓuran, i tmurt taqbaylit ara yesduklen imdanen ɣef wayen yellan d adiran, ayen yellan d llsas. Ma nufa amek ara neddukel di tlufa i yessefk a neddukkel fell-asent, d win i d tidet. Ulac aɣref yeddukklen deg kra n yal taluft n tsertit neɣ n tmeddurt. Di yal tamurt llan ikabaren isertiyen, wa yettnaɣ d wa. D acu kan imezdaɣ n tmura-ya sbedden tilisa yettseggimen imenɣi-nsen, i wakken ur sseɣlayen ara tigejda i ɣef bedden nutni merra.
Ɣef wacu i yessefk ad neddukel?
Iɣeblan-nneɣ mačči d yiwen. Ihi yessefk ad nɣiwel a d-naf tifrat-nsen. Yessefk kan ad nẓer d acu i ɣ-yettcekkilen tikli tura yakan deg webrid ɣef tlelli-nneɣ. Yessefk daɣen ad nelmed amek ara t-nekkes.
Tamezwarut yessefk ad nemsefham nekni s Yezwawen d aɣref i nella. Tin ɣer-s ɣur-neɣ tutlayt yessefk ad tili d tutlayt n twuri di tmurt-nneɣ. Yerna, ɣur-neɣ tugdut, nettqadar izerfan n wemdan, nettqadar tilelli n umugru (conscience), mačči kan n wesɣan/ddin. Abrid n leqdic ɣef izerfan-nneɣ ad yeqqim d abrid n talwit. Da yessefk-aɣ tadukli. Ihi ma nefra annect-a, nekkes nnif n twaɣit, iberdan n tsertit zemren ad ilin mačči yiwen.
Awal aneggaru
Nessaram ad ggten wid/tid yeẓran ula d tutlayt-nneɣ tezmer i tmusni, tezmer i tsertit, tezmer i yal aḥric n tmeddurt. Nessaram wid iɣilen ma mmeslayen neɣ uran s tutlayin-nniḍen am wakken wwḍen ɣer igenni, ad akin, ad tteklen ɣef tutlayt-nsen tayemmat i wakken ad ddren d ilelliyen, ad ddren s wudmawen-nsen n tidet mačči s weqric.
Maca ur nri ara a d-nini nekni s Yezwawen ur nettmeslay, ur nettaru s tutlayin-nniḍen anida i yessefk ad yili wannect-a.


text:
Tasga n Sus-Masst
Hann tasna n tsga ad tga xta ! Amma tasna isawaln f adɣar amzray d tamazirt n Sus xtad ad-t igan.
Sus-Masst (s tifinaɣ: ⵙⵓⵙ-ⵎⴰⵙⵙⵜ, s Tɛṛabt: سوس ماسة) tga yat tsga zɣ tsgiwin n Lmrruk ittuskarn ɣ usggas n 2015, lliɣ krin uṭṭun n tasgiwin zɣ 16 ar 12.[1] Tasga ad ad illan ɣ tuẓẓumt n tmazirt, tamaẓunt nns tga-tt tmdint n Ugadir. Zɣ timdinin lli gis illan ar nttafa Ayt Mllul, Inzggan, Taliwin, Tarudant, Tafrawt, Tiznit, Ayt Baha ...
Ar ilkkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n tsga-ad ɣ usiḍn n usggʷas n 2014 kra n 2,676,847 n middn[2], tajumma nns 53,789 km²[3].
Imzdaɣn s timnaḍin[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Imzdaɣn ɣ timnaḍin n tsga[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar aɣ tmmal taflwit ad umḍan n imzdaɣn ɣ kraygat tamnaḍt n tsga[2]:
Tamhazt n mnck n imzdaɣn[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar aɣ-tmmal taflwit-ad tamhazt n umḍan n imzdaɣ ɣ tsga:
Tarakalt d unzwi[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Teṭṭaf tsga n Sus-Masst iwtta d tsga n Mṛṛakc-Asfi ɣ ugafa, d tsga n Glmim-Asif Nun ɣ unẓul, d tsga n Dṛɛa-Tafilalt ɣ ugmuḍ, amma ɣ utaram ar taggʷ f ugaraw anaṭlas. Tasga-ad gis kigan n timẓlay tirakaln zun d idrarn n waṭlas mqqurn (Adrar n dern) d wad imẓẓiyn d idrarn n Bani d Warkziz lli gis izrayn, gis ula afa n idrarn n tfriqt ugafa ad t-igan d adrar n tubqal, yili gis asif n Sus lli d izrin f uzaɣar n Sus imqqurn, d asif n Massa ula ntta d wiyyaḍ. Tettussan Sus Masst s taganin n trganin lli gis illan, d taganin lli illan ɣ tsga-ad lkmn ar 19% ɣ taganin n tmazirt n Lmɣrib. Tajumma n tsga tlkm ar 53,789 km².[4] Anzwi n tsga iḥma ɣ ugnz macc iga ɛadi ɣ taman yill, ur aɣ bdda iṭṭar unẓaṛ ɣ tsga-ad. Kra n twal ar ikkat tuqqurt nɣ d azaɣ lli iẓḍaṛ ad ilkm azmz-nns ar sin isggʷasn. Taflwit ad illan ddaw-as ar takka umlan f tirɣi nɣ d lḥma d uṣmmiḍ ɣ tmdint n Agadir da igan tamaẓunt n tsga.
Tuṣkiwt tanaddaw[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Azagʷz agraɣlan n Ugadir (Azagʷz n Lmasira n Umgadir) iga yan uzagʷz illan ɣ tmdint tamɣribit n ugadir d nttan ay'swurrin ɣ tsga n Sus-Masst. Yaggug azagʷz ad f tuẓẓumt n tmdint f 20 kilomitr (taman Tmsiya), yaẓ i ubrid anamur 10. Iga azagʷz wis-kraḍ da akk imqqurn ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib zɣ nnaḥit n inmudda. Ittuyṛẓam ɣ usggʷas n 1991 d iẓḍar ad yasi 3 id mlyun n inmudda[5].
Tasga-ad yan ubrbrid ka gis izrayn ad-t igan d ubrbrid n Tigmmi tumlult-Agadir. Ibridn inamurn lli illan ɣ tsga gan tn: Abrid anamur 1, Abrid anamur 7, Abrid anamur 10, Abrid anamur 11, Abrid anamur 17.[6]
Abaraz mqqurn n Adrar (Abaraz mqqurn n Ugadir) ay'gan abaraz n tkurt n uḍar nna illan ɣ tmdint n Ugadir, nnuṛẓmn iggura nɣ d iflwan nns ass n 11 n wayyur wis-mraw n usggʷas n 2013. Illa ubaraz ad ɣ wayda n tamawast n tiɛɛurma d tunnunt d tbidd f uswurri nns tamssurt tanamurt n usnulfu d uswuddu n ibarazn (SONARGES). Ar isbrrak ɣilad ubaraz ad timnyugarin n trabbut n Talḥasant n Ugadir, d lbɛḍ n twal tin Ulampik Dcayra.
Tadamsa[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tafllaḥt[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tasga n Sus-Masst ad igan tasga tamzwarut ɣ usifḍ n tismmamin (llimun, d lmanḍaṛin, d navil d lḥamḍ) d lbawakir gr tsgiwin n Lmɣrib kullu-tn.[7] 85% n lbawakir d 65% n tismmamin d 15% n ukfay d aylli t-id-iwalan d 86% n iyafutn n wargan lli issifiḍ Lmɣrib s brra ar ttackan zɣ tsga n Sus-Masst, gis 650.000 ṭunn n tismmamin d 1.2 id mlyun ṭunn n icakan (lxḍʷṛt) nna tsifiḍ, nna gis illan ula tamaḍact d taxsayt d bṭaṭa d uẓalim. Illan ɣ Sus-Masst uggar n 5.371.000 hiktar n wakal d tiɣula igan i tfllaḥt, 475.000 hiktar ka s swurrin middn d 158.433 ka ad as ittuskar yigm. Afars amsmun n tismmamin ilkm ar 700.000 ṭonn d 1.665.000 ṭonn n lxḍʷṛt d 28.086 n tifiyi tazggʷɣt d 223.5 id mlyun iṭṛu n ukfay, ɣayad kullut ɣ 33 wass n twuri.[7] Illa ɣ tsga n Sus-Masst 180 kilomiṭṛ n yill, nna d ittusafaḍn iyafutn nns 137.830 ṭunn, ar ittawi 1450 aɣrrabu abldi d 465 asaḥili d 223 n yill agafay. Ar tssufḍ tsga n Sus-Masst waḥdut 50% n iyafutn tylant ɣ tizznbilin n Lmɣrib, ar swurrin ɣ yigr ad 490.000 n yan zɣ tmazirt kullut, 72.000 gisn ad t-igan tarwa n tsga.[7]
Tamguri[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ɣ tsga n Sus-Masst 440 ifrdas imgurann, tugt nns imma tzdi d tirmt nɣ d timttawin tikimiyn nɣ d lbni n lbaṭwaṛ. Ɣ tmdint n ugadir illa yan udɣar ilelli (aḥuṛṛi) ibdan tawuri nns ɣ usggʷas n 2019 s 64 hiktar,[7] d ar ttinin mas tẓḍaṛ ad tlkm 300 hiktar ɣ yimal. Llan daɣ idɣarn imgurann yaḍnin ɣ Anẓa d Tasila d Wlad tayma d Sidi Bibi d Tiznit d Tarudant d Inzggan. Illa udɣar alujistik yan ɣ Ayt Mllul wayya ɣ Tagadirt.[7] Tasga-ad gis Tiknupark d tamdint n usllwu iwalan i tasdawit n Ibnu Zuhṛ. Teṭṭaf tamguri tabldit yat tilalt bahra istawhman, acku ixdm gis 40.000 yan d ar tssifiḍ 15 id mlyun n ddrhm. Llan 5 n wammasn n usmuttg azzulan d 120 n tmyawasin n tamguri tabldit nna itɛdaln yilm d ttub d ukccuḍ d tizuzaf d ufrur d ɣaylli n tẓṛbay d idukan d kra kullu. Zɣ wanawn n tamguri tabldit nna s bahra tettussan tsga-ad tlla tamguri n idukan d taẓṛbit tawawzgitit d tiẓṛẓay.
Tamallayt[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tasga n Sus-Masst ar sis tackan uggar n mlyun n imlulluyn ɣ usggʷas, nna d gis izzrayn 5 id mlyun n yiḍan (amagut n diyiḍ) ɣ tamuttrt ɣ 31 tassutin tqriban. Igr ad ar gis swuruyn uggar n 120.000 n yan d ar iskcam i tsga 20 id mlyar n ddrhm kraygat asggʷas. Tamallayt tagnsant tɣʷi gis 43% d ɣaylli iɣaman gan imlulluyn id ittackan zɣ Fransa (21%), Lalman (14.5%), Nngliz (12%) d Hulanḍa (2%). Illa kigan mad ittyuskarn ɣ tsga n Sus-Masst, zun d ad tftut ad tbḥḥrt ɣ Ugadir, Imswan, Taɣazut nɣ d Tamri. Tamallayt n idrarn swa ucffal nɣ d s lppikalat. Tamallayt tadlsant ɣ Tarudant, Tiznit d Tafrawt, tiggit n izaɣarn n Ṭaṭa lli bahra iqburn. Aradab ɣ yill nɣ d tawada ɣ ammas n Sus-Masst[7]. Imlulluyn lli d-ittackan s Sus-Masst ẓḍarn ad aggʷn f ugadaz n Lḥdd, tasnniɣt tamaziɣt, Marina, Agadir Uflla, lpark lli n ttamasiḥ nɣ d lpark n ḍufan n Ugadir, Igudar n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, Asif n Paradiz ɣ Immuzzar Idawtanan, iɣʷrban n Tarudant, igʷjjifn n Tiyut, Zzawaya d iɣrman iqburn, nnuqac iqburn d ifran n Ṭaṭa d iẓṛan iẓṛwaln n Tafrawt.
Timnaḍin nns[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Tamnbaḍt n Agadir-Idawtanan
- Tamnbaḍt n Inzggan-Ayt Mllul
- Tamnaḍt n Actukn-Ayt Baha
- Tamnaḍt n Tarudant
- Tamnaḍt n Ṭaṭa
- Tamnaḍt n Tiznit
Ẓr uggar[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- ↑ ( fr ) Le Maroc compte désormais 12 régions - L'ECONOMISTE
- ↑ 2,0 et 2,1 Tizlit tamaddudt - uṭṭun 6354 n wass 23 n cutanbir 2015 - tasna tis-3.
- ↑ Liste de toutes les régions du Maroc - Sport-histoire.fr
- ↑ Tadwayrit n tfllaḥt n tsga n Sus Masst
- ↑ Flightsfrom.com - Azagz n Ugadir.
- ↑ Tizlit tamaddudt - uṭṭun 6677 n wass 28 n may 2015 - tasna tis-22-23-25.
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 7,4 et 7,5 Tasga n Sus Massa s izwiln - Soussmassa.ma [PDF]


text:
Wp/tzm/Andrea del Verrocchio
Andrea del Verrocchio (attayen n. 1435 – 1488) ikka-t-nn iga yan "sculptor" awṭalyan, adhaybi d umekla. Tekka-tt-inn ɣur-s yat tsawert ilan azal ammas n Flurinsa, kkan-t-inn dinna gan kigan d imeklawen n tleslalit; ilin seg-sen inelmaden d yimeswurrin-nnes. Zun d Botticini, Ghirlandaio d Perugino, maca anelmad-nnes akkʷ ittwassnen Leonardo da Vinci ad t-igan.
Tudert-nnes[edit | edit source]
Ilul-d Verrocchio g Flurinsa attayen n 1435. Ibba-s Michele di Francesco Cioni, iswurri s izwar amm yan umsenflul n uyajuṛ d uqermid, d "tax collector" ḍart-as. Iswurri ɣur tewja n id b yibankiwen Ayt Medici, fadd immutti ilemma s Vinisya.
Llig d-ilul Verrocchio, gan-as s yisem Andrea di Francesco di Cioni. Ittunfal yisem-nnes s Andrea del Verrocchio llig ibda ar ittelmad ɣur yan uhekkac (adhaybi) igan s yisem Verrocchio (d irwas is d nettan nit ayd igan Francesco di Luca Verrocchio, yan unesbaɣur imursen kigan g wussan-nnes). D amm yan ɣur-s ittelmaden, yagʷem-d ɣur-s Verrocchio man imek s tettyawskarent tzuzaf d yirukuten n wureɣ zun d iṭebsilen, iɣeṛṛafen d tqeṛɛay n tisent. Ilmed allu man imek s ssufuɣen g wureɣ; itsent tewriqin tusdidin mi ttinin "afriw n wureɣ" d usemres-nnsent g zzwaq n yisutay n tewlafin, isefrisen d "illuminated manuscripts". Ilmed allu man imek s sennulfun isefrisen n ubrunẓ. Asekkin-ad igguran a s bahra ittyawssan nettan.
Akud-ann, immaggar d Verrocchio netta d Donatello (ɣef uyenna ttalsen kra n medden ikka-t-inn s tidet da as-immal aha da t-isselmad, maca kra n wanẓa ɣef temsalt-a ur illi, iḥaseb John Pope-Hennessy awed netta tiẓri-a mas d ur d yad temsasa akked tmamekt-nnes n uswurri azemz-ann). Yaɣul Donatello iga yan seg "sculpteurs" akkʷ ttwassennin, yuti uyenna isgadda g yisefrisen ancet nna isker Verrocchio. Sin-ad, sgaddan s sin-itsen yan usefris i David ilan iɣef n Goliath, sgaddan allu s sin-itsen yan usefris axatar igan win imnayen i yan userdas ittwassnen azemz-ann. Kigan n tikkal dar sengiddin imussnawen n tẓuri d ar ssemzazalen ger sin id David, d ger sin yisefrisen-nna n userday amnay.
Verrocchio, ur jjin iwwel, maca ikka-t-inn da ittazzal meqqar; ɣef ayt tewja-nnes yaḍnin. Idrus mayd ittwssanen ɣef tudert-nnes, abla mas ikka da ittelmad ɣef ufus Fra Filippo Lippi akkʷ ayenna iqqnen ɣer teklut, d mas da ttuɣulent twuriwin-nnes tireslanin ɣer s yiseggʷasen-nnes simraw gguranin, d mli idd ur d takessa n Lorenzo de Medici d memmi-s Piero, ur inni ad izzigiz s mani. Ikka-t-inn yamu awed netta g "Guild" n St Luke (Luke Agʷrram), kkan-d tastudyut-nnes kigan g yinaẓuren ikeswaten. Tiwuriwin n yidsen g yinelmaden-ad-nnes amn Domenico Ghirlandaio, Francesco Botticelli d Pietro Perugino, immra ad ten-issengara yan d twuriwin n Verrocchio s yiɣef-nnes.
Tigiriwin n tudert-nnes, yujja Verrocchio i Lorenzo di Credi tasawert-ann-nnes n Flurinsa, irẓem d netta tayyaḍ ammas n Vinisya, mani illa da iswurri ɣef yan usefris i Bartolomeo Colleoni. Immut g Vinisya aseggʷas n 1488. Da ittwaḥsab Andrea mas iga yan seg yimezwura usriden n umessenti (entrepreneur) awṭalyan, Paul M. Verrochi.
Tifelwin[edit | edit source]
Da ittuyanna mas ibda Verrocchio taklut g temrawant n 1460, tizi llig t-nn-ikka isul da iswuri ammas n Prato akked umekla Fra Filippo Lippi. Xas yat tfelwit ittwassnen ilan asinyatur sɣur Verrocchio ayd illan, ad t-igan d yat "altarpiece" (tafelwit nna ittilin ammas yisɣersen) n Madonna d Icirri, manen akked Igʷrramen g tkatidraliyt n Pistoia, ittwaklan tigira n temrawant n 1470. Sulent uggar n tfelwin-yaḍnin d-kkanin astudyu n Verrocchio, d irwas is dig-sen ikʷla Verrocchio yan umur, klun inelmaden-nnes imuren-nna-yaḍnin.
Tettwakla tfelwit akkʷ dig-sent ittwassnen, igan s uzwel Addum n Umasiḥ ger 1472 d 1475. Ibder Giorgio Vasari g warra-nnes "Tudert n Inaẓuren Ikeswaten"; mas d Leonardo da Vinci ayd ikʷlan aneglus illan ɣef uẓelmaḍ. Idum-aɣ allu Vasari mas d; allig as-iɣʷḍef Verrocchio i tmefkit n umeḥḍar-nnes bu mraw d tam yiseggʷasen nna iɣudan g teklut, isres akkʷ nettan taccitat-nnes s yat tkelit, aha ur jjun d nettan ad sul ikʷlan kra g tudert-nnes. Mek igger yan s yan usmaqqel nna ineɣden, qqad as-ittuman mas ittwakla umata g tfelwit-nna s yat "tempera" niɣ tamamekt nna iqburen, imil aneglus, kra n igezzumen g tfekka n Ɛisa d tmuɣli-nna n tɣʷrdin, tettwaklan s yat tatiqniyt nna igan tamaynut g teklut tazitiyt. Taɣawsa nna ittajjan imussnawen n umezruy n tẓuri ad ttinin d yiɣfawen-nnsen mas dig-sent ixdem Leonardo yan mennaw yigezzumen yaḍen d ur id ɣas yan yan. Ittufka diɣ yan usumer-yaḍen, ittinin mas d Botticelli ad as-ixedmen wis-sin ineglusen.
Isefrisen[edit | edit source]
Isnulfa Verrochio snat tɣawsiwin g uẓru, yan utabut (cercueil) d yan usarid (lavabo). Da ittuyanna mas isrem allu yat Madonna d Icirri s low relief.
Ttwaskaren isefrisen n Verrocchio akkʷ ttwassnen s ubrunẓ nna igan yan wanaw g umɣuz (métal). Ukan, afadd isennuflu yan usefris n ubrunẓ, da ittaf ɣur Verrocchio ad t-ixdem s tkira (cire). Isker-as s izwar "plâtre" nnig-as ma s yakka yan "moule" ḍart mayd t-ittekkis, igger is-s g ufarnu issreɣ-as, yajj-t ard ifsi kull aha yaɣul iga (liquid). Issuga uynna n umɣuz ifsin g "mould" yajj-t ard ikrem s ttawil-nnes. Ḍart mayd ittekkis "plâtre", yaff-nn asefris-nnes n ubrunẓ hat yujad, ur da as-ittɣama abla "finition" d ujrak (polissage)
Tawuri g San Lorenzo[edit | edit source]
Tekka-tt-nn tga Teglizt n San Lorenzo (Lawrence Agʷrram) yat teglizt tamaynut g Flurinsa. Iṣkʷa-tt umesdag Brunelleschi s tmamekt n Tleslatit nna igan tamaynut g wanaw-nnes azemz-ann. Kkan-t-nn Ayt Medici gan imasayen-nnes akkʷ ɣur illa waddur, stan Verrocchio amm umsefres-nnsen nna rad ittwakellafen s kraḍ yisenfaren dig-s illan.
Isnulfa Verrocchio aseggʷas n 1465 yan usarid i tmeṣriyt-nna n San Lorenzo (nna mi ttinin dɣi "Old Sacristy"), g ttilin iheddumen d yirukuten n "Communion". Ittusrem i ufella n usarid-nna yan yigider, ittmettalen azamul n John Agʷrram Awenjil (St. John the Evangelist). Ittusrem-as i udis-nnes "coat of arms" n Ayt Medici. Tettufka-as akud-ann i Verrocchio yat temhelt iẓlin s "design" n yan umḍel i Cosimo, yan abankiy ittwassnen kigan, ig awed jedd-is n Ayt Medici.
Tizwiri n temrawant n 1470, ikellef-t Lorenzo de Medici s temhelt n udiẓayen n umḍel n baba-s Piero akmed ɛemm-is Giovanni. Ikka-t-nn umḍel-nna mi iga Verrocchio adiẓayen yan umḍel yad ilin anaw. Isgadda-as yan "sarcophagus" (atabut uẓru) imeqquren seg yan uẓru "rouge-foncé" igan afalkay, "trimmed" s uẓru azegzaw akked yifrawen ttusermen s ubrunẓ. Adɣar n wad as-isker yan udiẓayen n yimek nna bedda, g ittili utabut izdi d uɣrab, isker-as nettan yan udiẓayen-yaḍen t-ittajjan ad yili g tuẓẓumt n usaka, nna ittawin ɣer "Sacristy". Isgadda-as Verrocchio yan uzeṭṭa n ubṛunz ittbayanen amm ig ittwaskar s yizakaren.
Amasiḥ d Thomas Agʷrram[edit | edit source]
Taglizt akkʷ igan tar anaw ammas n Flurinsa azmez-ann, ad tt-igan d taglizt n Orsanmichele. Tga yad tmeṣkiwt-ad tin yan ugadaz n usengar mi ittawkla usalas s tugna tatigant n Madonna d Urba. Infel ugadaz-ad ɣer taglizt, dlen-as idisan-nnes s yiɣerban. Kkan-t-nn g yiɣerban-nnes kra n tburjutin (niches) ganin uɣizen, mani g ttafan ad sbidden isefrisen. Swurrin kigan n medden ammas n Flurinsa g tazzulin mzaraynint, amunen midden-ad kull g mennawt tmaddasin mi ttinin "guilds". Ikka-t-nn da ittiri kraygan guild ilan azal g temdint, ad ɣur-s yili usefris n ugʷrram-nnes abaṭrun g yat seg tburjutin-nna n Oransmichele. Kkan-t-nn da ttwaskaren isefrisen-ad s yifassen n widda akkʷ ufnin g yimsefrisen.


text:
Tutlayt taqbaylit
Taqbaylit (tettwasusru-d : /ṯaqḇayliṯ/ neɣ /ṯaqvayliṯ/) d tutlayt i t-mmeslayen Yiqbayliyen n tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, n Lezzayer, n Fṛansa, n Kanada akked wid n tmura-nniḍen n umaḍal.
Tutlayt taqbaylit tettekki ɣer udrum asnilsan i wumi qqaṛen zik n zik-nni Tabiṛbiṛt ; tuɣal Tamaziɣt ; tura sawalen-asent Tutlayin Timaziɣin. Tawacult tutlayant Tamaziɣt, tettekki ɣer twacult tameqqṛant Tafrasyawit.
Amezruy n wayen i yuran s teqbaylit[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Adlis amenzu i d-yeffɣen s Teqbaylit d win yura Adolphe Hanoteau ɣef tuɣac n Ǧerǧer deg useggas n 1867, deffir-is d Auguste Mouliéras yuran sin n yidlisen ɣef tmucuha n Tmurt n Yiqbayeliyen gar n yiseggasen n 1891, 1893 d 1895, akked Bulifa i yuran adlis ɣef yisefra n Si Muḥend u Mḥend deg useggas n 1904.
Imir-nni, uran Yifṛansisen kra n yidlisen ɣef tmucuha d yisefra n Yiqbayliyen. Ungal amenzu yettwarun s Teqbaylit d win yura Belɛid At Ɛli deg yiseggasen 1940.
Adlis i as-yefkan ilugan iṛessan n tjerrumt i Teqbaylit d win yura Mulud n At Mɛemmeṛ. Kamal U Zerrad netta yerna-d ɣef umahil n Dda Lmulud i wakken ad d-iṛessi ugar ilugan n tjerrumt n tutlayt-a.
Iseggasen-a ineggura ffɣen-d azal n 400 en yidlisen s Teqbaylit, gar ammuden n yisefra, tullisin akked ungalen.
Taqbaylit ass mi i d-kecmen Yifṛansisen ar tmura Timaziɣin n Tefriqt en Ugafa tella tettwameslay deg yiwet n temnaḍt meqqṛen azal n snat n tikkwal tamnaḍt n Yizwawen (Leqbayel) n wass-a.
Seg tudrin i d-yezzin i Mila, teṛṛeḍ ar tid n yidurar n Lḥuḍna, idurar n Ṣṭif, idurar n Jijel, Msila d wezray ar tmurt n Leqbayel n wass-a, At Wartilan, At Yeɛla, akked iderma n temnaḍt n Bgayet, n Tubiret akked wid n Tizi Wezzu d Bumerdas.
Imir Ifṛansisen ttekkan ɣef lquyyad akked Bacaɣat akken ad qehren ugdud. Kksen-d wakal i wid yellan zedɣen anda yella wakal yelhan i tyerza, kra snegren-t, kra snejlan-t.
Fkan wakal-nni i Lquyyad. Lquyyad-agi akked Bacaɣat d wid yeɣran taɛṛabt, ifṛansiwen llan lemden taɛrabt akken ad ttemyarun d lquyyad-a, imezdaɣ yeqqimen d aklan deg tmurt-nsen yeqqim-asen-d kan ad ḍefren almi i d-ufan iman-nsen ttun tutlayt-nsen, akken i asen-yeṛuḥ wakal-nsen, ǧǧan iman-nsen tuɣ fell-asen taɛṛabt am akken werǧin mmeslayen-d taqbaylit. Ihi akka i teqqurmeḍ tjumma anda tettwameslay teqbaylit ass-a.
I izemren ad t-iḥudden ɣef wengar d tira akked tayri d wazal ad d-as-fken warraw-is. Ma tenger teqbaylit ad d-negren iqbayliyen, ad d-qqimen imdanen war idles, ad asen-teḍru am tebrikt yettun tikli n tyaziḍt, tin n tsekkurt ur as-tewwiḍ ara. Ttbut ɣef aya, ad d-iɣer kan yiwen amek d-gran wid akken yettun tutlayt-nsen uɣen tutlayt-nniḍen anda yewweḍ wazal-nsen. Win i d-yusan ad ten-yenher am ulli.
Agemmay unṣib n tutlayt taqbaylit[4][ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Isekkilen n ugemmay swayes nettaru taqbaylit, d wid n tlatint, anagar sin-a : ɣ d e, i d-yekkan seg tegrigt. Isekkilen yettawin aɛeqqa ddaw-nsen, nettaru yes-sen imesla ufayen, anagar ḥ. Isekkilen yettawin akafu nnig-nsen, nettaru yes-sen izegnaggaɣen imezgiyen n c d j. Isekkilen [o], [p], [v], nettaru yes-sen imesla yezgan deg wawalen imnekcamen n umalu, imesla ur nelli deg unagraw asnislan n teqbaylit. Asekkil u, azal-is d win n tuget n tutlayin n umalu (ou deg tefransist).
Agemmay atrar n tutlayt taqbaylit yesɛa 35 d asekkil :
Ɣ ɣ
Ilugan n tira n tutlayt taqbaylit [5][ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Alug amezwaru :[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Yal imesli(ṣṣut) nettaru-t s yiwen n usekkil, d aḥerfi neɣ d ussid ; anda yebɣu yili deg wawal, talɣa-s yiwet : – Ama deg tazwara n wawal : yezwar, zwir. – Ama deg tlemmast-is : tayri, Lezzayer. – Ama ɣer taggara n wawal : aggay, argaz.
Alug wis sin :[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Imesli ussid yettwaray s usiknew n usekkil : tameṭṭut, tameddurt, tazemmurt, yeṛṛeẓ, izegger, ddu , kker, atg.
Llant snat n taggayin n tussda : tin n tnumi d tin n tjerrumt :
Tussda n tnumi : Tussda deg wawal, nettaru-tt akken i nuɣ tanumi nsell-as. Maca tanumi-a temxallaf seg tama ɣer tayeḍ, seg taddart ɣer tayeḍ, tikwal seg umdan ɣer wayeḍ. Tifrat n wugur-a : d asegzawal ara aɣ-d-yemlen anda tella, d wanda ur telli tussda. Tussda-a, tella deg :
- Ismawen : tilelli, uzzal, uffal, ddeqs, atg. Deg yismawen i d-yekkan seg taerabt, wid ibeddun s yisekkilen n yiṭij, deg tmaziɣt, asekkil amezwaru yezga d ussid : ssif, ṭṭbel, zzit, ṭṭir, ṭṭbib, nnif, rrif, nnefs, atg.
- Imyagen (ilan(isɛan) yiwet n tergalt – war tiɣri) : ekk, err, eǧǧ, atg. – d teɣri : zzi, ddu, ssu, atg. + ilan(isɛan) snat (neɣ ugar) n tergalin – war tiɣri : cceḍ, ccef, ddem, dder, ffer, kker, kkes, degger, qqeṛs, ṭṭerḍeq, atg. – d yiwet n teɣri : ggal, seqqi, azzel, mlelli, atg. – d snat n teɣra : dduri, issin, gguni, atg.
Tussda n tjerrumt : (atan deg tira)
Tansiwin Web[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Umuɣ n yidlisen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Si Amar ou Saïd Boulifa, Recueil de poésies kabyles. Texte zouaoua traduit, annoté et précédé d'une étude sur la femme kabyle et d'une notice sur le chant kabyle (airs de musique), Alger, 1904, 555 is. (taẓrigt tis 2 Alger-Paris, 1990, ISBN 2-906659-00-04)
- Adolphe Hanoteau, Poésies Populaires de la Kabylie du Jurjura, Paris, Imp. impériale, 1867 (aḍris es pdf)
- Auguste Mouliéras, Les Fourberies de Si Djeh'a, Wehran, Perrier, 1891
- Auguste Mouliéras, Légendes et contes merveilleux de la Grande Kabylie, Paris 1893-1895 (aḍris es pdf)
Tiwelhiwin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ Taqbaylit at Ethnologue (21st ed., 2018)
- ↑ "Nouria Benghabrit : l'enseignement de Tamazight sera élargi à 10 autres wilayas et bénéficiera de 300 nouveaux postes budgétaires". Rafio Algérienne.
la graphie Tifinagh pour le Targui, Latine pour la Kabylie et Arabe pour le M’Zab et les Aurès
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kabyle". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Kamel Bouamara, Brahim Hamek, M.A Mahrouche, Z. Meksem, A. Rabehi, Mustapha Tidjet (2009), Ilugan n tira n tmaziɣt - Manuel de notation de tamazight, pp.17-18, Ed. iman-nneɣ. (ISBN : 9947-819- 07-8)
- ↑ Kamel Bouamara, Brahim Hamek, M.A Mahrouche, Z. Meksem, A. Rabehi, Mustapha Tidjet (2009), Ilugan n tira n tmaziɣt - Manuel de notation de tamazight, pp.19 Ed. iman-nneɣ. (ISBN : 9947-819- 07-8)


text:
Tigejdit :
Azul fell-awen
ay atmaten d teysetmatin
Tughal-d teghmist-nnegh
s yed'risen imaynuten, d id'risen yuran s tmazight si tt'erf alamma d tt'erf u nessaram, ma yebgha R'ebbi, dima ad d-tettughal
di lweqt, yal ddur't, akken ad nkemmel yis-s aghnas (amennugh) i lmend n tutlayt-nnegh. Ahat gren watmaten d teysetmatin-nnegh
tamawt d akken ghezzifit yed'risen ay nettaru s tmazight. Dgha nesseqdac tamazight akken ad d-nemmeslay yis-s ghef tghawsiwin
ur ughen ara tanumi medden qqaren-tent s tutlayt-nsen yernu nesseqdac-itt digh s yiwen n ughanib (style) d anesbaghur (amer'kanti)
i deg d-nessedday at'as n wawalen imaynuten, akken ad ten-nesselmad i yimeghriyen-nnegh. Nessaram kan d akken ad ilin fehhmen
ayen d asen-nettaru, yernu isallen qqaren deg-s ad ten-nef‚en di tudert-nsen akken ara nef‚en idles d tutlayt tamazight. Ayen
ara nteg s teghmist-a netta d acqar (dt'fi) i wid merr'a ay ih'eqren tamazight, ama seg wid-nnegh negh seg wiyad'. Wid s-yeqqaren
d akken tamazight d tutlayt kan n wexxam negh n udaynin (akken llan qqaren-d ghef tbaskit akk d tlitwanit). Wid s-yeqqaren
d akken tamazight d tutlayt tigellilt i yes ur nezmir ara ad d-nemmeslay ghef wakk ayen nebgha, am tefr'ensist d ta‚r'abt.
Wid s-yeqqaren d akken d tafr'ensist ay ilaqen ad asen-d-tbedd i lmendad i Yimazighen, si le‚d'il ar snernin tutlayt-nsen.
Ihi nekni nebgha ad asen-d-nessebgen i wigi merr'a d akken timez'riwt-nsen teghled', yernu tamazight tezmer i yiman-is, awi-d
kan ad tt-refden warraw-is. Xas tt'uqqten wid ara yettcemmiten di tutlayt-nnegh, ttah'qaren-tt, u ttwalin-tt d akken ur tezmir
ad tes‚u amkan am nettat, am tutlayin nnid'en, llan at'as seg watmaten-nnegh ay yebghan ad d-rz'en asalu, ad ttarun s tutlayt-nnegh
tighawsiwin am tid yuran s tutlayin nnid'en, ad snernin tutlayt-nnegh deg wayen txuss' u ad as-fken amkan deg wat'as n yinurar
n tudert. Anect-a nezmer ad t-naf deg wat'as n yeghmisen d tesghunin, deg wat'as n yemd'iqen n internet, i deg kra seg watmaten-nnegh
tt arun-d imagraden d yed'risen ifazen ghef tussna, ghef umezruy akk d tmusniwin nnid'en. Tikwal, nettaf-iten d tarba‚t, tikwal,
i yiman-nsen kan ay qeddcen. D acu kan, nebgha ad asen-nessiwed' i watmaten-agi-nnegh merr'a sslam d ameqqran u ad asen-nefk
tajmilt ghef wayen xeddmen, imi ay refden tamazight gher temkant ‚layen deg wulawen-nsen, imi ay tt-bghan ad d-tecbu tiyad',
ad tt-id-yughal wemkan-is di tmurt-is, ghur wegdud-is. Imal (avenir) n tmazight ur iris ara kan ghef yiqerray n yimassanen
(savants) negh ghef wid n yiwunak (ddewlat), wanag d agdud-is ay yezwar lh'al akken ad tt-yerfed. Yugh lh'al, ma yella d nekni
ara d-yezwiren ghur-s ad tt-neddj, ur d-mazal ad yili wayed' ara ixemmen fell-as. Qqaren-as wat zik : Win ur nes‚i tagmat
meh'qur. Ihi d nekni kan ay d atmaten n tmazight, d nekni kan ay d imawlan-is. Ur ilaq ara ad nsemmeh' deg-s.
Imedyazen
Tutlayin iteddun
akken ad negrent
Aqeddem
: di tallit i deg nettidir ass-a, tallit n uxebber, tutlayin ughalent s‚ant tasghent (ddur') meqqren, imi yis-sent ay nettemsawad'
isallen. D acu kan, maci s kra yellan d tutlayt deg wemd'al (ddunit) tettekka deg uxebber n medden, imi amd'al n tutlayin
yebd'a ghef sin : tutlayin timeqqranin akk d tutlayin timect'ah'. Di lweqt i deg tutlayin timeqqranin ttmeslayen-tent ula
d imdanen ur nelli si tmura i deg ttumeslayent, at'as n tutlayin timect'ah' ara yettughalen gher deffir, ttaddjan-tent yemsiwlen-nsent.
Imi at'as si tutlayin-a ur d asent-gin ccan yimawlan-nsent akken ad ten-id-ssukksen (ad tent-id-sellken), dgha cwit',
cwit' ara ttmettatent, neggrent mad'i, ur d-yettghimi ula d yiwen yessnen ad tent-yemmeslay. Tamattant n tutlayin tettawi-d
axess'ar meqqren ghef wegdud ay tt-yesr'uh'en, imi ay yezmer ad as-yesr'uh' akk idles-yines akk d tnettit-is (identitt'), d
acu kan, at'as n yegduden deg wemd'anl, ur d-nerri s lexbar i wanect-a, yernu atni la ttkemmilen ass-a ttmeslayen tutlayin
tiberr'aniyin u ttaken afus di nnger n tutlayin-nsen, d ayen ara ten-yessiwd'en yiwwas gher nndama tameqqrant. Ma d kra n
yegduden nnid'en, ukin-d i wugur-agi, z'ran d akken ma sr'uh'en tutlayin-nsen ulac d acu ara sen-d-yeqqimen, dgha atni la
xeddmen akk ayen umi zemren akken ad tent-id-ssukksen. Akken yebghu yili, ulac tutlayt deg wemd'al ay yuklalen ad tenger,
imi tand'a (diversitt') n tutlayin n wemd'al tes‚a lfayda meqqren i yemdanen n wemd'al merr'a. Nekni nettwali d akken tamazight,
di tegnit i deg tella ass-a, d yiwet si tutlayin ara iteddun akken ad negrent, xas ulamma yiwen ur a d-ibedder tamsalt-a,
xas ulamma mazal lexwat'er n medden hennan, ur d-rrin ara s lexbar i wanect-a. Ger n wakken tella tmazight zik-nni d wamek
tella ass-a, at'as n wemgerrad (lxilaf) ay yellan. Yiwen seg yimedyaten ay nezmer ad t-id-nefk ghef wemgerrad-agi netta d
asseqdec n tmazight ghur yilmez'yen imazighen n wass-a. At'as n yimukan i deg ilmez'yen-nnegh ur ssinen ula d yiwen n wawal
n tmazight, di lweqt i deg at'as n yelmez'yen ay tt-yessnen ass-a, ur tt-ttmeslayen ara mlih', akken tt-ttmeslayen yelmez'yen
imazighen n zik-nni. Dgha nezmer ad d-nini d akken taghara (qualitt') n tutlayt-nnegh tenqes ger yid'elli d wassa. Anect-a
yemmal-d d akken ass-a, tebda la tent-tettagh tmazight di llsas, imi ma kemmlen yelmez'yen ah'ric deg-sen ur yessin tutlayt-is,
ma d ah'ric nnid'en simmal yettughal gher deffir di tmusni-yines, tamazight ur s-d-yeqqim ara kra n yimal. Yugh lh'al, tutlayt
ur tettusemmay ara temmut alamma d asmi ur d-ttghimin ara yelmez'yen ara id'emnen d akken ad tkemmel sya ar sdat, ad
tidir i uzekka. Dgha ma kemmlen yelmez'yen imazighen ttaddjan tutlayt-nsen, tamazight s az'ekka ara tteg ah'urif. Tamattant
n tutlayin d ayen yellan deg wemd'al, yernu ula d nekni ilaq ad as-naki. Qqaren-as :
H'ebber' uqbel ad ted'ru
Afud igerrzen
D acu-t unamek-is mi ara d-nini d akken kra n tutlayt deg umihi (danger)
ay tella ?
Tutlayt yellan
deg umihi d tin ayen ara iteddun akken ad tenger deg yimal (avenir) i d-iqerben. At'as n tutlayin ayen ara ttaddjan yimawlan-nsent,
u sseqdacen deg wemkan-nsent tutlayin nnid'en, tid ay yettuseqdacen s wat'as di tmiwa negh di tmura i deg ttidiren, am teglizit
deg Yiwunak Yedduklan (USA) negh taspenyulit di Miksik. Ma ur nbeddel ara lumur' yellan ass-a, tutlayin-agi yellan deg umihi
ur tent-id-yettaf ara lqern-agi ara d-iteddun. At'as n tutlayin nnid'en ay ughalen ur a tent-lemmden yigerdan wala ledjyal
ijdiden n yimeqranen, dgha asmi ara yemmet yemsiwel-nsent aneggaru, tutlayin-agi ad negrent. Yugh lh'al, at'as n tutlayin
umi d-yeqqim ala kan yiwen wemdan ay tent-yettmeslayen, yernu asmi ara yemmet wemdan-agi, ula d tutlayt-nni ad tettusemma
temmut, dgha ur d-mazal ad yili win ara tt-yemmeslayen wala win ara tt-yissinen.
D anect-a ay sent-yed'ran i tutlayin
am tegrigit (grec) taqburt akk d tlatinit ?
Ala. Tutlayin-a
ttusemmant mmuten imi yiwen ur a tent-yettmeslay akken llant ttumeslayent di tallit-nni taqburt i deg llant ttarunt. Tutlayin-agi
maci d tutlayin nnid'en ay sent-yekksen amkan-nsent deg yiwet teswi‚t yernu s tin n ddre‚, wanag tagrigit taqburt cwit', cwit'
ay temhez (t'voluer) akken ad tughal d tagrigit tatrart (moderne), di lweqt i deg talatinit, cwit', cwit' ay temhez ula d nettat
akken ad d-tefk tat'alyanit, taspenyulit, tafr'ensist akk d tr'umanit n wass-a. Akka digh ay d-ted'ra akk d teglizit taqburt
n tallit n Chaucer. Xas yiwen ur tt-yettmeslay tura, d nettat ay yughalen d taglizit tatrart n wass-a.
Amek ay neggrent tutlayin ?
Assenger n kra
n wegdud si rrif d yiwet si ssebbat n wengar n tutlayin. Ghef umedya (lemtel), asmi ay snegren Wur'ufiyen (Europt'ens) imezdaghen
ines'liyen n tegzirt n Tasmanya (di Ustr'alya), at'as n tutlayin -ur nez'ri ach'al llant- ay inegren yid-sen. Maca ssebba
tameqqrant akk deg wengar n tutlayin nettat mi ara tili tmetti (communautt') yettmeslayen tutlayt-is teh'r'es-itt terba‚t nnid'en,
ay idjehden yernu tugar-itt, akken ad teddj tutlayt-is u ad d-ternu gher tneggarut-a. Dgha tikwal, medden lemmden tutlayt
taberr'anit gher tama n tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit, u d anect-n ay d-yed'ran di Groenland, d yiwet n tama ay teh'kem Danmar'k,
anda ay ttmeslayen Yiskimuten (Eskimos) tutlayt-nsen, takalaallisut (kalaallisut) yernu ssnen digh ad mmeslayen tadanmar'kit.
D acu kan, at'as anda ara naf d akken timetti yes‚an tutlayt-is tanes'lit tettwah'r'es akken ad tt-teddj u ad teddj yid-s
tinettit-is (identitt') tadelsant. D anect-a ay d-yed'ran i Yikurdiyen di Tt'erk, anda ay d asen-yegdel (interdire) usad'uf
(lqanun) ad d-ssuffghen s kra n tghawsa ara yarun s tutlayt-nsen negh ad tt-slemden akken ilaq. D anect-a digh ay d-yed'ran
akk d yimez'yanen n Yihendiyen n Temrikt (Indiens d'Amt'riques), imi si melmi kan, llan mazal kra deg-sen ttqasan-ten lemmer
ad mmeslayen s tutlayt-nsen deg yigherbazen igensiyen (internats).
Angar n
tutlayin id'erru-d dindin negh s le‚qel ?
Yezmer ad d-yed'ru
dindin am wakken ay yezmer ad d-yed'ru cwit', cwit'. Yugh lh'al, tezmer ad tenger tutlayt deg yiwet kan n tsuta (ldjil) ma
yella ur d-mazal ara a tt-lemmden yigerdan. Anect-a yed'ra-d s tidet akk d Yiskimuten Iyupiken (Yupiks) n Alaska, imi lemmer
ad nughal kan s 20 n yiseggasen gher deffir, ad naf d akken igerdan-nsen merr'a llan ttmeslayen tayupikt, di lweqt i deg ass-a,
Iyupiken imez'yanen akk ay nezmer ad ten-naf ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen s‚an si 20 n yiseggasen d asawen, ma d igerdan iyupiken
ttmeslayen kan taglizit. Yed'ra-d digh wanect-a akk d Yikusiyen (Ecossais) n tegzirt n Cape Breton (di Tikust Tamaynut, di
Kanada), imi deg yiseggasen n 1940 llan mazal-iten ttmeslayen tutlayt tikusit, maca di tizi n yiseggasen n 1970, ughalen yigerdan-nsen
ur a lemmden ara tutlayt-a. Di kra n yimukan nnid'en, tutlayin ‚ett'lent ugar akken ad negrent. Tutlayin tihendiyin n Temrikt
(amt'rindiennes) am tonondagat (o nondaga) akk d tmohawkt (mohawk), ay ttmeslayen di tmiwa ibe‚den ghef temdinin n Uwanek (Etat)
n New York akk d tmiwa n Kanada ay d-iqerben gher din, qqiment sin n leqrun nitenti a neggrent cwit', cwit', d acu kan, ar
ass-a, mazal ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen yernu tamohawkt, llan ula d kra n yelmez'yen ay d-mazal ssnen-tt.
Ach'al n tutlayin ara iteddun akken
ad negrent deg wemd'al (ddunit) ?
Ghef leh'sab
n yiwet n tesnadant (statistique) ay yettwaxedmen di 1996, 6703 n tutlayin ay llan ttmeslayen-tent medden deg wemd'al
(ddunit) deg useggas-nni. Ger-asent, 1000 n tutlayin llan ttmeslayen-tent di Temrikt, 2011 n tutlayin di Tefriqt, 225 n tutlayin
di Tur'uft, 2165 di Asya akk d 1320 n tutlayin di Tuqyanust (Oct'anie). Yugh lh'al, ilaq ad nh'ader seg yemd'anen-agi (nombres)
imi ay llant wat'as n tutlayin deg wemd'al i ghef nes‚a citt'ah' kan n yisallen, yernu digh at'as n yisallen ay nes‚a ghef
kra n tutlayin, ass-a i‚edda-tent zzman. Rnu-yas s anect-a, yew‚er' ghef yimassanen (savants) ad gen talast ger n tutlayt
akk d tentala (dialecte), d acu kan, tuget meqqren deg yimesnilsiyen (linguistes) msefhamen d akken amd'an n tutlayin yellan
deg wemd'al ad yili ifel (i‚edda) i 5000. Yugh lh'al, at'as si tutlayin-agi ara inegren sya ghef lqern. Kra n yimesnilsiyen
qqaren-d d akken tutlayin yellan deg wemd'al ad n eqsent s wezgen, ma d wiyad' qqaren-d d akken ala kan citt'ah' n yimid'iyen
(centaines) n tutlayin ara d-yeqqimen, imi amur ameqqran si tutlayin n wemd'al -tuget deg-sent ttmeslayen-tent ala kan kra
n yigiman (milliers) n medden- atenti la ttughalent gher deffir sdat n tutlayin idjehden am teglizit, taspenyulit, tapur'tigalit,
tacinwat, tarusit, tindunisit, ta‚r'abt, taswahilit akk d thendit. Dgha, llan wid i d-yeqqaren d akken di meyya yiseggasen-agi
ara d-iteddun, 90 % si tutlayin n wemd'al ara inegren.
Anwa ay d imdanen umi tezmer ad tenger
tutlayt ?
Xas akken tutlayin-agi
yettidiren deg umihi d tidersiyin (minotitt's) ay tent-yettmeslayen, maca amur meqqren si tutlayin n wemd'al d tutlayin n tdersiyin
[maci at'as n medden ay tent-yettmeslayen]. Ah'ric meqqren si tutlayin n wemd'al ttmeslayent-tent teqbilin n Papua Ginya Tamaynut
(Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guint'e) wughur ay nezmer ad naf 900 n tutlayin. Di Ustr'alya, 90 % si tutlayin n yimezdaghen iserwen (aborigŤnes)
n tmurt-agi ara inegren di tsuta-yagi (ldjil) n wass-a. Imezdaghen ins'eliyen n Temrikt (Ihendiyen) mazal-iten cfan ghef 90%
si tutlayin-nsen. Tidersiyin akk d teqbilin n Tefriqt, n Asya akk d Tuqyanust mazal ttmeslayen igiman (milliers) n tutlayin,
yernu di Tur'uft, at'as n yegduden ay rran di rrif ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tutlayin-nsen am tirlandit, tafrizit (di Tmura n
Wadda -Pays-Bas), taprovenÁalit akk d tbaskit.
Ach'al n tutlayin yellan deg umihi
di Temrikt n Ugafa (Amt'rique du Nord) ?
Ghef leh'sab
n yiwet n tesnadent (statistique) ay d-yeffghen si melmi kan, ala kan 194 n tutlayin tihendiyin ay d-yeqqimen si yimid'iyen-nni
(centaines) n tutlayin ay llan ttmeslayen-tent zik-nni. Ger n tutlayin tihendiyin ay d-mazal ddrent ass-a, 33 seg-sent ttmeslayen-tent
yimeqqranen akk d yigerdan; 34 seg-sent ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen akk d citt'ah' kan n yigerdan; 73 seg-sent qrib ala kan
d imeqqranen ay tent-yettmeslayen yernu tuget deg-sen flen i 70 n yiseggasen; ma d 5 seg-sent ad ilint ahat ass-a negrent
mad'i.
Tutlayin ur
a nettuselmad ara i yigerdan negh tid ara lemmden kan citt'ah' n yigerdan atenti deg umihi yernu a teddunt akken ad negrent.
Yugh lh'al, ala kan d 33-nni n tutlayin n terba‚t tamezwarut ayen yellan di "laman" [tid ay ttmeslayen yimeqqranen akk d yimect'ah'].
D acu kan, ula d tutlayin-a, tuget deg-sent a ttidirent ghef yiri n umihi, imi wid ay tent-yettmeslayen ttidiren gher tama
n trebba‚ yes‚an igerdan yettmeslayen taglizit [dgha zemren yigerdan-nni Ihendiyen yettmeslayen naqal tutlayt-nsen, ad tt-ddjen
u ad ughalen ad ttmeslayen taglizit]. Rnu-yas s anect-a, tirebba‚ merr'a n Yihendiyen n Temrikt n Ugafa atenti la ttwah'r'asent
akken ad ddjent tutlayin-nsent u ad ttmeslayent s teglizit yernu si ger wid yetth'ulfun s wat'as i weh'r'as-agi d tisutyin
(ledjyal) mezz'iyen. Yugh lh'al, tilibizyu akk d yisura (films) numen ttaznen-d izen (message) ay yesseb‚aden medden ghef
wazalen-nsen imensayen (valeurs tradition nelles), yernu jebbden-d ilmez'yen akken ad kecmen gher yiwen n wemd'al (monde,
univers) n yiwez'la (affaires) icebh'en ugar, yili amd'al-a ur yes‚i ara akk assagh (relation) akk d win n wegdud-nsen, win
n yeqdimen-nsen akk d wansayen-nsen.
Akken yebghu
yili, xas ma yella ass-a ah'ric meqqren si tgemmi (patrimoine) n tutlayin deg umihi ayen yella, mi ara nwali d akken at'as
n tutlayin n Yihendiyen n Temrikt ay d-yessawd'en alammi d lqern wis 21, ad nz'er d akken tirebba‚ ay tent-yettmeslayen xas
d timect'ah' maca djehdent, yernu digh, tutlayt tes‚a azal meqqren di tudert n yemdanen.
Mi ara tenger kra n tutlayt, d acu
ara d asen-yed'run i wid tt-yettmeslayen akk d yemdanen n wemd'al s umata ?
Mi ara tesr'uh'
kra n terba‚t tutlayt-is, ad tesr'uh' digh ah'ric ameqqran si tnettit-is tadelsant (identitt' culturelle). Mi ara sr'uh'en
yemdanen tutlayt-nsen, ama s lebghi-nsen negh ala, ad naf d akken dima yella wayen i ten-ih'er'sen akken ad gen aya, yernu
tikwal, wid yesr'uhu'yen tutlayt-nsen tth'ulfun d akken sr'uh'en tinettit-nsen timettit (identitt' sociale) am wakken ay tth'ulfun
d akken ttwarnan. D acu kan, maci igduden merr'a tettr'uh'u-yasen tnettit-nsen timettit mi ara sr'uh'en tutlayt-nsen; ghef
umedya, Ihendiyen Ichumashen (Chumash) n Kalifur'nya akk d yimezdaghen n tegzirt n Man [di Brit'anya Tameqqrant] xas sr'uh'en
tutlayin-nsen, ur sr'uh'en ara tinettit-nsen. Maca akken yebghu yili, tettghimi-d tutlayt d azamul idjehden n tnettit n wegdud.
Ah'ric meqqren si tudert tadelsant, taneffant (spirituelle) akk d tudert taggagt (intellectuelle) s tutlayt-nsen ay t-ttidiren
medden. Dgha, wid ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen yis-s ara da‚un, yis-s ara yissinen ineqqisen-nsen (mythes), tifugliwin-nsen
(ct'rt'monies), tamedyazt-nsen (pot'sie), ccbah'a n wawal-nsen akk d wawalen-nsen akniyen (mots techniques), yernu s tutlayt-nsen
digh ara ttemzulun (se saluer), yis-s ara ttemsefraqen akk d wid h'emmlen, d ighunab-is (styles) n wawal ara sseqdacen, yis-s
ara ttqess'iren yernu yis-s ara ttmeslayen i yigerdan-nsen. S tutlayt-nsen ara zemren ad d-mmeslayen ghef tnumyin (habitudes),
ghef tt'baye‚ akk d wayen akk umi tth'ulfun. Maca ma sr'uh'en tutlayt-nsen, anect-agi merr'a ilaq ad t-beddlen akken ad d-yemyezg
akk d tutlayt-nni tamaynut ara sseqdacen syad d tasawent, dgha awalen-nni akk ay llan sseqdacen-ten deg yedles-nsen ad ten-beddlen
s wawalen nnid'en, s yimesliyen (les'wat) nnid'en akk d tjerr'umt nnid'en n tutlayt-nni ur nelli nsen, negh ma ur zmiren ara,
ad sr'uh'en kulci. Yugh lh'al, at'as n wansayen (traditions) ay yettmettaten akken kan ara temmet tutlayt, dgha imawlan-nsen
ttaddam en sakin tinumyin n wegdud-nni ay ten-yernan. Ihi, ah'raz n tutlayt yes‚a azal meqqren at'as gher wegdud, akken ad
tidir tnettit-is, akken ur inegger ara netta s timmad-is.
Si tama nnid'en,
ula d tussna (science) at'as ay tesr'uh'uy mi ara temmet kra n tutlayt. Yugh lh'al, s tutlayt ay ttemseh'fad'en yemdanen amezruy
n yegduden-nsen, dgha mi ara tenger tutlayt, tezmer ad teglu s wat'as n yisallen yes‚an azal meqqren ghef umezruy aqbur
n wegdud-nni. Nnger n tutlayin ireggel-as abrid i tussna akken ad tissin tamusni n wemdan (cognition) negh amek ilemmed yernu
yettissin lumur'. Mi ara nezrew (ad ngher) akk ayen i deg cerkent tutlayin n wemd'al merr'a, nezmer ad nissin akk ayen nezmer
ad t-id-nini s tutlayt n wemdan akk d wayen ur nezmir ara, ayen tezmer ad t-teg tutlayt n wemdan d wayen ur tezmir. Dgha anect-a
yesselmad-anegh-d at'as n tghawsiwin ghef le‚qel n wemdan akk d wamek ay zemren yigerdan ad lemden dindin yernu s tefses anagraw
(systŤme) iwe‚r'en akka am tutlayt. Dgha, simmal ttanqasent tutlayin yellan deg wemd'al, simmal ara tettanqas tmusni-nnegh
ghef le‚qel n wemdan.
I ma mmeslayen akk yemdanen yiwet
n tutlayt, ur yessishil ara wanect-a lumur' ?
Xas ma yella
llan at'as n medden deg wemd'al ay terra tmara ad lemden kra n tutlayt taghelnawt (nationale) negh tagraghlant (internationale)
[i lmend n wemsefham akk d wid ur nettmeslay ara tutlayt-nsen], anect-a ur yebghi ara d-yini d akken ilaq ad ddjen tutlayt-nsen
tayemmat, tanes'lit. Igerdan ay d-yettenkaren s snat n tutlayin negh ugar, ttughalen ssnen tutlayin-a merr'a, am yigerdan
ay d-yettenkaren kan s yiwet n tutlayt.
D acu ay izemren ad yettwaxdem
i lmend n weh'raz n tutlayin yellan deg umihi ?
Tarba‚t yebghan
ad teh'rez negh ad d-tessider tutlayt-is tes‚a at'as n yefranen (choix, options) ger n yifassen-is. Tadyant yessewhamen akk
deg usider n tutlayin tezmer ad tili d tin ay d-yed'ran akk d tutlayt ta‚ebrit (ht'breu) ay yughalen d tutlayt tayemmat n wegdud
[di lqern wis 20], mbe‚d ma tes‚edda ach'al n leqrun tettwalmad kan akken tt-uran zik-nni. Ma d tirlandit, si tama nnid'en,
yettunefk-as wazal meqqren di tsuda (institutions) akk d tsertit n Irland, imi d nettat ay d tutlayt taghelnawt n tmurt-a,
xas akken tesse‚raq-as teglizit tikli. Di Ziland Tamaynut, sbedden-d Yimaoriyen (Maoris) [imezdaghen ines'liyen n tmurt-a]
almaten n yigerdan (jardins d'enfants) i deg qeddcen yimeqqranen yessnen tutlayt tamaorit, yernu ttmeslayen-asen i yigerdan
ala kan s tutlayt-a. Imd'iqen-agi qqaren-asen s tmaorit "kohanga reo" negh "le‚cuc n tutlayt", yernu ama di Ziland Tamaynut
negh di Alaska, ama di Hawaii negh anda nnid'en, l lan wid yebdan a xeddmen akka ula i yigerdan n yigherbazen imenza akk d
kra n tesnawiyin (lyct'es). Ma di Kalifur'nya, ughalen yelmez'yen [ihendiyen] ttr'uh'un gher yilemmasen akk d yemgharen ay
d-mazal ssnen tutlayt-nsen akken ad asen-tt-slemden. Yugh lh'al ass-a, at'as n yisaragen (conft'rences), ih'una (ateliers)
n leqdic ghef tutlayin akk d yedlisen ara yett‚awanen imdanen, igherbazen akk d trebba‚ ara iqeddcen akken ad h'erzen tutlayin-nsen.
Imi at'as n
tutlayin ayen yellan deg umihi, imesnilsiyen la tta‚rad'en ad lemden akk ayen zemren fell-asent, i wakken xas ma tenger tutlayt-nni,
tamusni-yines ur tnegger ara yid-s. Dgha, wid yettnadin deg wennar kellsen-d (enregistrer) tisfifin tiz'rawiyin (cassettes
vidt'os) akk d tesfifin n tmesliwt ghef tutlayin-a, yernu ttarun-tent am wakken ay d-sseddayen tasuqilt i wayen akk ay d-kellsen.
Rnu-yas s anect-a, zerrwen digh yemnuda (chercheurs) amawal akk d yilugan (rŤgles) n tutlayin-agi yernu ttarun-asent-d imawalen
akk d tjerr'umin.
Qeddcen digh
yimesnilsiyen akk d trebba‚ ay yebghan ad h'erzent tutlayt-nsent, dgha ttaken-asent tallalt taknit (aide technique) akk d
ttawil ay h'wadjent i lmend n usselmed n tutlayt, ah'raz-yines akk d ussider-ines. Yugh lh'al, imawalen akk d tjerr'umin ay
d-ttarun s‚an tasghent (ddur') meqqren di tallalt-a. D acu kan, imesnilsiyen zemren ad ‚iwnen digh tirebba‚-agi s tarmit-nsen
(expt'rience) n usselmed akk d wezraw (t'tude) n wat'as n tutlayin. Dgha zemren ad sqedcen ayen ay d-lemden si tutlayin nnid'en
ay yellan deg umihi akken ad ‚iwnen kra n terba‚t ad teh'rez tutlayt-is, yernu zemren ad sqedcen tiknussniwin (technologie)
tineggura i lmend n weklas akk d wezraw n tutlayin.
A d-ttlalent tutlayin timaynutin deg
wemkan n tid yettmettaten ?
Ih. At'as n
tutlayin n yezmulen (signes) ay d-yennulfan di leqrun-agi i‚eddan, u gar-asent tutlayt n yezmulen tamarikanit. Tatokpisint
(Tok Pisin, nt'omt'lant'sien), tutlayt taghelnawt n Papua Ginya Tamaynut, tekka-d seg yiwet n tnerbaz't (mt'lange) n tutlayin
ay yebnan ghef teglizit akk d kra n tutlayin nnid'en. Yernu, mi ara tt‚eddin leqrun, zemrent ula d tintalyin (dialectes) n
kra n tutlayt ad nnernint alamma ughalent ula d nitenti d tutlayin i yiman-nsent, akken d-ted'ra d tentalyin n tlatinit ay
d-yefkan ass-a tafr'ensist, tat'alyanit akk d tutlayin nnid'en.
D acu kan,
ur nezmir ara ad nesnemhel (ad nqaren) tutlayin-agi timaynutin gher tgemmi (patrimoine) n tutlayin n wemd'al ayen ara ineggren.
Igiman-nni (milliers) n tutlayin ay ttmeslayen ass-a deg wemd'al, seg wasmi ay d-yebda umezruy n yemdanen ara mehhzent (t'voluer)
akken ad ilint akken llant ass-a. Yal tawacult n tutlayin tes‚a, ma cwit', 5000 n yiseggasen aya seg wasmi ay d-temsefraq
ghef tiyad', tikwal ugar n wanect-a. Ma tughal teglizit d nettat kan ay d tutlayt tawh'idt deg wemd'al, laqent-as timrawin
n yigiman (dizaines de milliers) n yiseggasen akken ad d-tefk tand'a-yagi (diversitt') tameqqrant n tutlayin yellan ass-a,
yernu akken ad d-yili wanect-a, ilaq ad d-ilint ula d tignatin-nni ay d-yellan zik deg umezruy n yemdanen akken ad-tili tand'a-yagi
yellan ass-a. Yugh lh'al, tand'a akk d tgemmi n tutlayin n wemd'al, h'wadjen-tt yemdanen s tidet di tudert-nsen, yernu ma
tr'uh', ur tezmir ad d-tettwaxlef.
Ghret daghen :
Tabrat n Yimedyazen : Utt'un 9 : Ddunit terra-tt tmara ad temmeslay kan taglizit ?
Tzemrem ad d-tafem ugar n yisallen di teghbula-yagi
:
- Davis, Wade. 1999. "Vanishing Cultures". National Geographic. 196(2).
62-89.
- Grenoble, Lenore, and Lindsay Whaley (eds.) 1998. Endangered -Languages:
Language Loss and Community Response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Robins, Robert, and Eugenius Uhlenbeck (eds.) 1992. Endangered Languages.
Oxford: Berg.
- http://www.linguistlist.org/
- Yettwakkes-d wed'ris-agi si : http://www.lsadc.org/web2/faq/faq.htm
AY AGDUD AMAZIGH ! BER'KA-K TAREWLA !
Ay agdud amazigh,
ur kkat ara iman-ik s tmesmeghrad't-yinek (universalisme) tadelsant ! Ach'al d tutlayt umi tefkid' inemyaren (penseurs), ih'eddaden
n wawal akk d yimura imeqqranen. Ach'al n tutlayin ay yugmen seg-k maci d kra !
Tefkid'-as i
tegrigit Yuba wis Sin s Caesarae-yines akk d wach'al n yemura nnid'en i yes tella tettzuxxu Cirta. Ma d talatinit, tefkid'-as
Terentius d Arnobius, Saint Augustin akk d Cyprianus akken kan ad d-nader wid ay d-yeqqimen di ccfawat n umezruy-ik ghezzifen.
Tafr'ensist tewwi seg-k I‚emr'ucen akk d Feraoun, Mouloudji d Dda Lmulud. Ma d wid-n tefkid' i ta‚r'abt, ad ne‚red' ad d-nefren
seg-sen
kra, yugh lh'al yew‚er' ad nz'er anwa ara neddem d wanwa ara neddj seg-sen, negh ala ? At'as n yismawen ara d-nemmekti
ghef tikkelt, ad asen-nanfet kan ad mdehh'asen, u qqim tura ad nferr'edj mi ara d-tt‚eddin : awennat (commentateur) Ikrima
al-Amazighi; imedyazen yecban S‚diq al-Amazighi, al-Bussiri, Madghis, akk d Ibn Brahim; imjerr'umen yecban Issa al-Jazuli,
Ibn Mu'ti az-Zawawi akk d Ibn Ajerr'um as-Sanhaji; is'ufiyen yecban Waggag, Ibn Yasin, Utumert, ach-Chadili akk d Mohamed
al-Jazuli; iminigen d yimeklunughen (gt'ograp hes) yecban Ibn 'Abdari, Hassan al-Wazzan az-Zanati d Abdallah al-'Ayyachi akk
d umesnallun (astronome), amusnak (matht'mathicien) al-Marghili; amesray (prosateur) d butebratin (t'pistolier) al-Hassan al-Yusi;
imezrayen (historiens) yecban al-Baydoo Ibn Idari, Abu Hayyan al-Gharmati al-Amazighi, al-Ifrani, Akensus akk d az-Zayani
... susem ! ...
Ur d-bedder
yiwen seg wid-n akken i yes i k-h'esden. Ur d-tluled' d imsewweq, ur tessined' ad tsewwqed'. Wamag, Ibn Xeldun ghur-k ara
d-yughal mi ara k-nezzizdeg amezruy-ik seg yilefd'an merr'a ay t-yulin. Maca mel-asen ay agdud abrid i s kra n wid umi ye‚req;
ughal-d gher tutlayt-ik ara k-yettr'adjun s ss'ber ur nes‚i tamtilt tlatalaf n yiseggasen aya. Xas tes‚edda tiswi‚in n lh'if,
mi k-twala tlehh'ud' d tucbih'in tiberr'aniyin, tez'ra d akken yiwwas, s tezmert-is d ldjehd-ines, ad tessiwed' alamma terra-k-id
ghur-s. H'emmel-itt ihi ay agdud Amazigh, tefked'-as si leh'mala-k ayen werdjin tefkid' i tiyad', yernu bedd-as i lmendad,
tnef‚ed'-tt s tegzi-yinek (intelligence) ay d-tkesbed' si leqdic-inek i lmend n wakk ayen yellan d ameghradi (universel).
(...)
Tutlayt-ik werdjin teqqim ur k-th'emmel ara. Ihi ber'ka-k
tarewla !
Yettwakkes-d si tgejdit n wutt'un amezwaru n tesghunt
"Tafsut", ay d-yeffghen di 1981, akken kan t‚edda Tefsut n 80.
Tasuqilt sghur Mes'bah' H'afid'
Arut-agh-d, gret-d tamawin-nwen, neqqar l‚eslama i s kra
n tebrat ara d agh-d-yawd'en sghur-wen.
Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen
BP 129, Poste Didouche Mourad
16006,
Alger, Algt'rie
E-mail : imedyazen89@yahoo.fr
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text:
Tagargart
Tagargart (Isem usnan: Tetraclinis articulata) d talmest n yemɣi seg twacult n teddiwin (tawacult). Maxwell Tylden Masters (fr) d amdan amezwaru i yuran fell-as deg useggas n 1892. Talmest-a teḥseb-itt IUCN am d talmest ur tettwaggez.
Tilmas[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Ismawen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Isem-is s latinit: Tetraclinis articulata, Callitris articulata
- Isem-is s tefransist: Cyprè de l'Atlas, Thuya de Barbarie
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit:
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt:
Isseqdac[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tiwelhiwin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ 'Amawal n Yemɣan - Lexique de plantes ' - Chabane Mohand u Remdane - Mémoire d'études en Agronomie - Université de Tizi ouzou (non daté ~années 80)


text: Ayessma ayeṯma Icawiyen, sslam fella-wen. Ssit aya ḏi-s hiqṣisin mmugent ḏ leflam nniɣ ḏ tiɣawsiwin n useɣḏi nniɣ ttwakṯbent s ṯcawiṯ. Ḏi hiqṣisin aya at tafem mukca aggella bunadem sima hettwagg hameddurṯ alda hattefna. Kul haqṣist hetƹawaḏ-aneɣ f tmeddurṯ n nnbi si lenbiyya (imersal n Ṛebbi) u si hiqṣisin aya at neǧmem at tafem lijabaṯ ƹerrment f iseqsiyyen f tmeddurṯ nniɣ f Ṛebbi, nniɣ f lhaqiqeṯ, f yuḏan n Ṛebbi, f smaḥ, f lemḥibbet, u f labas n tɣawsiwin ag yellan aɣen-ƹawnent bac an nedder ḏi lehna ḏ lferḥeṯ ḏi hmeddurṯ n-neɣ, u aḏ yili ɣerneɣ asirem (lamel) ḏi hmeddurṯ ag yellan ur hettuqa c (lḥayat al abadiya). Neṯmenna bac at tessƹeddam lweqṯ ṯehla ḏug azray, ḏug seɣḏi nniɣ ḏug qqray n tɣawsiwin aya yeḥlan. Ma ṯexsam at neǧmem aɣen-d-hkeṯbem ɣer ladrisa agellan at tafimit ɣer wada, bac aɣen-tucem rray n-wen nniɣ ma ṯxsem akumn-d-neṣref heɣawsa sihɣawsiwin s tcawiṯ s blac. Ssllam fella-wen a yetma. Ayeṯma-kum ḏ yessma-kum ag yellan tectin-awen.


text:
Tallat:Amek ara naru amagrad yelhan?
Nngum (qbel) a nebdu tira n umagrad, yessefk(ilaq) ad nemmekti :
- Wikipedia d tasanayt (une encyclopédie), mačči d ammud n yimagraden n yijernanen neɣ n tesɣunin. Deg:
- ilaq ad aru amagrad n tsanayt, ur nezmir ara ad aru amagrad n ujernan : win ara t-yaru, ad issawal s wudem wis 3 (à la troisième personne), mačči s tmezwarut ; tadiwennit (interview) ulac, azmul (signature) ulac, atg.
- Kab.wiki mačči d tasanayt n Leqbayel : d tasanayt s teqbaylit. Wikipedia d yiwet i umaḍal akk (merra) Ayen nufa dagi, nezmer ad t-naf deg .wiki neɣ fr.wiki atg. Ur nezmir ara ad naru, d amedya : nukkni, s warrac n Tmurt... neɣ idles-nneɣ... atg. yessefk (Ilaq) ad naru Leqbayel... neɣ idles aqbayli... atg.
- Wikipedia d tilellit. Tilellit, anamek-is d "s turagt tilellit" ("à licence libre"). Deg:
- ur nezmir ara ad nelsaru (recopier) ayen nufa deg yisemlen (sites) nniḍen neɣ deg yijernanen mebla turagt. Ilaq ad naru s yiman-nneɣ aḍris i nebɣa ad nefk i Wikipedia . Ma yefka-yaɣ bab n izerfan (propriétaire des droits) turagt tilellit "GNU Free Documentation License", ilaq ad t-naru deg usebter "amyannan", mačči deg umagrad.
I wakken ad naru amagrad, ilaq ad nessen amek ara nbeddel asebter yerna amek tella tseddast ("syntaxe") n wikipedia.
Ma tebɣiḍ, tzemreḍ a tḥarbeḍ deg teɣmert n yijdi (asebter n uḥerreb).


text:
Aɣsi
Aɣsi (Assaɣ ussnan: Canis lupus) d agman ameqran yakk deg twacult n taydiyyin, Timesɣaz sskanayen-t-d d akken iɣas (asget n weɣsi) ddren deg tegnit seg 300,000 n iseggasen aya, Aɣsi yezdi deg yiwen n uẓar imezdi yakk d waydi ɣas akken ttwafken-d kra n yisteqsiyen ɣef tesfelsant n tegrayt-a tussnant maca azal ameqran n inzaten (ttbut) yellan ssentamen-d tiẓri ayi, Dɣa imusnawen ukzen-d aṭas n tdu-lemsin maca amdan-nsent n tidet d win zeddiɣen deg tezrawt
Ideggan n tudert[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Zik nni llan iɣas ttidiren deg tjumma tamaggagt (wssiɛen), Seg Urasya d Marikan n Ugafa yakk d usamar alemmas, ma d tura zeddiɣ (mazal) ttidiren anagar deg kra n ideggan kan s usrag (s ssebba) n wegmar i waexdem n weglim-is yakk d ugzam n tẓegwa i tmuska (i lebni) n tuddar d temdinin ayen ara ad yeglun s umray n iɣas d ifganen sin akin tettili-d tmenɣiwt n tɣerfin yettilin deg yideggan nni, Ɣas akken llan-d yakk isefk-a ayi yessedrusen (yessenqasen) deg umdan n iɣas maca talmest-a tettwasismel d talmest ur nettwaggez u unect n (ɛla ḥsab) n Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama
Tikeli[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
S umata, iɣas ttidiren deg tegrawt yettusemman aclag, Maca llant tikwal dgi id yettwaf yiwen n weɣsi yettidir iman-is aladɣa mi ara ad yili d awessar yezzarab-it uwtem amenẓad (lqayed), Igmanen n yal aclag rennun neɣ ttenqasen s wezray n wakud s unect n imezzarwen igamanen am tilin n wučči d waṭṭanen ... Atg, s umata deg yal aclag ttilin seg 2 ar 20 n iɣas ma deg ulemmas ttilin 8, Ma d aclag meqqren yakk yewweṭ ar 36 n igmanen deg Alaska aseggasn 1967
Amyaraw[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Amsawal[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Asismel[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Aɣsi d talmest yeṭṭafaren tawsit n waydi dgi llant gar 7 ar 10 n telmas n taydiyyin, Dɣa Aɣsi d yiwen n aɣersiw yettwasemman waɣsi, ma d tilmas n iden gan-t d: aɣsi azeggaɣ (Canis rufus), Aɣsi Ahendi (Canis indica), Aɣsi n Himalaya (Canis himalayensis), Aɣsi agmudan (Canis lycaon) d waɣes (Canis simensis) ɣas akken azernen ur yefri ara ɣef ma yella kra deg tdu-lmasin-a yessefk ad ttwikksent seg usismel n iɣes neɣ ad qqimen-t
Tamhazt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tiẓra titrarin qqaren-t-d d akken aɣsi iban-d deg tazwara yakk deg Urasya deg tazwara n tallit tatrart yudsen acku iban-d seg yiwet n tezrawt (teɣṛi) tazernant n uzeffar aɣisan (Nucleic acid) d akken aẓaṛ n iɣas n Asya yettuɣal ar 800,000 iseggasen yezrin, s unemgal n yiɣas n Uruppa d Marikan n ugafa anda aẓaṛ-nsen yettuɣal ar 150,000 n iseggasen kan am tidak n usamar alemmas anect-a yella-d seld n mi id ssknen-t timesɣaz deg Uruppa ttuɣalen-t i wazal n 500,000 n iseggasen arwas (amcabi) meqqren d tdu-lemsin n Asya