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Ulac kra n lɛiv ma n cudd tamsalt n weɣrum ar tutlayt n tmaziɣt (teqvaylit). Acuɣer ? I wakken tutlayt nneɣ ad tesɛu amkan-is am nettat am tutlayin nniḍen, ilaq as-nefk azal, azal tuklal, ad teṭṭef amkan-is deg wegni n tdamsa* ak d lehna*. Amer nufa tili widak akk i iqeddcen deg yedles n tamaziɣt neɣ taqvaylit ad afen iman-nsen, « ad ččen aɣrum » am wid i iqeddcen ɣef tutlayt taɛravt tasɛudit* d tiyaḍ.
Ma
ulac ad taf iman-is di rrif am tvujilt mebla imawlan, acku xilla n
iqvaylien, n Imaziɣen, mazal ur tuɣ ara
amkan ilaqen deg wulawen-nsen (01) ɣas akken ayen din n yergazen i
yettwajellden*, yefkan tudert d wakud-nsen* akken ad teffeɣ deg ṭṭlam.
Γef ayagi, i ilaq-asen at-tedrim*, at-n uṣurdi* ad gren iman-nsen ɣer wennar, akken ma tella lfayda ad ifriren yeɣmisen s tmaziɣt, s teqvaylit. Imḍebbren n tezrigin* a d-fken afus i usufeɣ n yedlisen.
Maca, aql-aɣ deg teswiɛt i yexxulfen tidak i yɛeddan, acḥal n widak ara k-yinin : « d acu ara txedmeḍ s tmaziɣt ma tessneḍ-tt » ? Yiwen yenna-k seg iseggasen nni n tesɛin : « taqvaylit ad lemdeḍ akken ad d-tekkseḍ tikermusin » ?. Lmaɛna-s : mačči d tulayt iseččayen aɣrum.
Akken ad d-tedher, ad d-yeflali yedles nneɣ, win yettarun ad yečč aɣrum, win yessefruyen ad yečč aɣrum, win
icennun (02) ad yečč aɣrum (01), win yettarun amezgun ad yečč aɣrum am netta d wiyaḍ i yqeddcen deg iḥricen nniḍen.
D wagi i d abrid deg ara neddu ma nebɣa ad tt-id-nessufeɣ deg uẓekka deg is-thegga tegrawt n Ujda seg asmi yeffeɣ amaḥres * afransis* .
Yal ccɣel iteddu s tedrimt; akka i yella lḥal, akken leqdic ɣef tmaziɣt ad d-yufrar s wazal-is. ulac ayen d-ittasen s ulac. S waya leqdic n menwala* ur yettili u diɣen ulac widak ara k-yinin : « taqvaylit ur seččay ara aɣrum », acku, akka i tetteddu ddunit, ilaq imeɣnasen ad zdin iɣallen-nsen akken ad tekcem, ad tezdeɣ ulawen, akken Iqavliyen d Teqvayliyin, as-fken azal-is u ad tt-zerɛen deg ulawen n twaculin-nsen.
Ass-a, mazal Iqvayliyen d Teqvayliyin yettidiren di lɣerva, « vrant i ṭṭvel deg aman » akken qqaren. Ilaq-asen ad selmaden tutlayt taqvaylit i tarwa-nsen i d-yettlalan akken azekka Iqvayliyen ad qwun u ma qwan-d ad gen afud, afus d ttawilat i tmurt n Iqvayliyen akken azekka ur tettuɣal ara d aẓekka i lǧil i d-yettekkaren. Tanmirt.
Amawal :
tadamsa : n f sing. économie
taɛravt tasɛudit : langue d’Arabie.
izukar : n m plur. personne ayant fait le choix de l’idiome arabe.
imṭurniyen : n masc plur. personnes ayant choisi le camp opposé aux siens. Dans le passé ce terme désignait ceux ou celles ayant opté pour les colons.
lehna : paix, tranquilité
yettwajellden : v. jelled. maltraités, torturés, faire subir des sévices,…
amaḥres imeḥres : n masc sing. colon français
menwala : n masc sing. ordinaire, médiocre, etc,…
Lemaɛna deg wawal :
01) Ayagi ivan-d anida di tmurt n Iqvayliyen, llan imawlan i yugin akken dderya-nsen ad llemden tutlayt n tamaziɣt neɣ n taqvaylit. Ayen din n yergazen i yemmuten, yuzzlen, nnuɣen fell-as akken ad tidir, ad teffukti armi ass-a tekker-d ccetla* i yugin tutlayt-nsen.
Tagi d tutkas n sser, d lɛar, d ccuha i d-yennulfan d tamaynut. Anida ara twalim belli « amdan ur nettaẓ ara ar zzat, ad yettuɣal ar deffir ». Ass n wass-a, ajeǧǧiḍ n waɛrav-azayri atan iga imɣi deg allaɣ n twaculin yeddan yid-sen s wudem n ddin n Waɛraven.
Am
akken twalam, tutlayt tasɛudit d tin i iteddun s tidyulijit (am
tkerrust d lmazut). Iswi n imḍebbren n tegrawt
n Ujda akk d at iččumar teẓẓun lkerh deg ulawen n tfamilin tiqvayliyin
yeddan deg ubrid n ddin ineslem asalifi, awehhabi, atg,…. Llant
twaculin ur d-wwint ara s lmendad akken d akellex i ten-ttkellixen
izukar* neɣ imṭurniyen*. Am akken iḍelli llan wid yeddan
d urumi ugin laṣel-nsen, am akken ula d tura, llan ixannaven yeddan d
ucengu i d-ibedden, yettkellixen s wudem n ddin ineslem.
02) Ass-a d anazur aqvayli ur irebbeḥ ara tadrimt s leqdic ines, acku iqwa lpiratag n CD-nsen. Acimi tawaghit am ta ? Acimi ula d ikumirsiyen ddan deg ubrid agi ?
Expression du jour :
Vran i ṭṭvel deg aman : laisser tomber, s’en foutre, abandonner la partie. Être décourager, se débiner.
Tarwa-nsen ur tettakay ara deg leqdic n imawlan-nsen. Tutlayt-nsen ur s fkan ara azal, maca vdut tazwara deg imawlan-nsen. Dagi tilawin fkant tawaɣit tameqqrant imi ur sselmadent ara taqvaylit i warraw-nsent
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TAMURT – Aqlaɣ deg yiwen n wakud, ilaq-as a sen-qqim akken a nwali d acu n webrid ara n awi. Tura akk-a, am akken iruḥaɣ lxiḍ n webrid i d-newwi seg umennuɣ i d-wwin imezwura nneɣ am Bennai Si Waɛli, Mbarek At Menguellat, Aɛmer Uḥemmuda, d wiyaḍ akken llan (ad fell-asen yaɛfu Yillu) ɣef ayen yaɛnan amennuɣ ɣef izerfan nneɣ n tnekkit d tutlayt d tugdut.
Walaɣ, tagara-ya, am akken imeɣnasen nneɣ n tutlayt d tnekkit, atg,…
am akken « bran i ṭṭbel deg aman ». Wagi d ayen i ttwaliɣ nekk, maca
izmer, ahat ɣelḍeɣ; abaɛda (surtout) seg asmi i d-iffeɣ amussu ya
iwumi qqaren « lḥirak ». Nwala yiwet, iban en « am naɛma yewwan »:
amussu-a yewwi-d tiɛarrubit, anda zik niqal iqbayliyen tiqbayliyn
ttuɣun deg unnar i tefsut n 80 taqbaylit, tura si 16 furar 2019,
tamurt taqbaylit tettuɣu s taɛrabt. Iwwi-d a nesseqsi iman nneɣ, amek
i newweḍ ɣer wanec-a ? Amek , meḥsub, ayen akk i nennuɣ si 1949 armi d
tafsut taYberkant, kra dinn « wwin-t wam ɣer yezer » ?
Dayen tura aqbayli d teqbaylit issers amder (taɛkemt), yekna, iqbel ad
yuɣal d akli, ad yuɣal d aɛrbub, win yiff, yerna di tmurt-is ? Amek
ara iqbell umdan « aṣubbu ar twaɣit d yemcumen-a ? D acu i yaɛnan allaɣ
n uqbayliy d teqbaylit mi yettu kra iɛaddan fell-as si 1949, 1963,
1980, 1985, 2001, akk ayen is-texdem Lzayer taɛrabt tineslemt n uḍabu
d izayriyen aɛraben-inselmen i yettferriǧen deg-sen asmi leḥbus n
Taẓult, n Lḥerrac, d lkumisariyat, anda ttwawten, twajerḥen ilmeẓyen
nneɣ, imiren azayri imsaɛrben d timsɛarbin qqimen ittferraǧen
(spectateurs)?
Tettuḍ ay aqbayli, a taqbaylit ayen iken-ixdem imsaɛrab d temsaɛrebt n
tzayrit ? Tettuḍ asmi ik-reggmen, mi theddre tutlayt-ik, anda
ik-qqaren : « xillina m langliz taɛkum », « ntuma ulad ruman », « ntuma
ulad fransa » « ntuma ulad lḥarka (tura erran-ɣ d zwaf)?
Ayen i d-qqar Naima « tafuḥant », d watmaten-is, d ayen akk meṛṛa
ittmeslayen imsɛarben d temsɛarbin, meẓẓi neɣ meqqer. Akken qqaren,
icubayi Yillu, « am win ig gren aqerruy is deg ijdi, teǧǧa-s teqqim di
lber i ubeḥri d uṣemmḍ ».
Tura inna-k umɣar azemni : « Ddaw n ubrid, mačči d abrid, nnig n
webrid, mačči d abrid, maca uleqrar-is kan d tuɣalin ɣer webrid ».
Γas taɛkemt ẓẓayet, maca ilaq att-neṣṣiweḍ alamma d amkan-is akken yal
aqbayli, yal taqbaylit ad yidir di lɛaz d lḥerma n tmurt-is. D wagi i
d iswi nneɣ nekni s ineɣmasen d tneɣmasin n imussuten meṛṛa yellan deg
unnar si 1980 ar ass-a.
Tanmirt nwen akken tellam, tellamt.
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Lerifain: Tibratin
Lwazir n ṣeḥḥet di Arrusya » Mikhaïl Mourachko » yeffeɣ-dd ass-a 01/08/2020 s ijjen uneɣmis belli kemmren rxedmet uqedjeb n bakuna n kuruna, bakuna-ya tuɣa ixeddem xa-s wammas (centre) anamur ɣamali n tarezzut di rehracat d ibɛɛucen imeẓẓyanen ( micro-organisme), rexxu yeqqim-asen ɣir ad as-ggen recwaɣed.
« Awarni xmi ɣa needel lecwaɣed i bakuna i d-nsaqar , ad zzag-s nreqqeḥ d amzwar iwdan ixedmen deg iyyar n ṣeḥḥet d uselmed awarn-as a t-nezzenz i marra » i yenna lwazir n seḥḥet
RT


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Innawen
Asfugel n Lwennas Meɛtub s tegmat Sɣur Si El Hachemi ASSAD
Uṭṭun-a wis 15 n tesɣunt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa “Tamaziɣt Tura” nebɣa-t ad yili d tajmilt i Lwennas Meɛtub s tira d unadi n yisdawanen i iqeddcen s tutlayt n tmaziɣt ilmend n usnerni-ines deg uɣerbaz.
Nger-d tiɣri i wid yesɛan tiktiwin ad d-awin awal ussnan ɣef wayen d-yeǧǧa umedyaz anaẓur Lwennas Meɛtub, maca nessuter-d tiktiwin timaynutin, imi nebɣa-t ad yili d amaynut ama s ugbur neɣ s yisallen, mačči d aɛiwed n wayen i yettwassnen tugert ma neḥsa belli tudert n Lwennas d adlis yeldin, d annar i yettwazerwen s waṭas.
Tamasayt neɣ Lkalafa-ya nefka-tt i Mass Zidane Yacine akken “ad d-inawel” seg yal idis agbur s yis ara nerr azal i “uɣewaɣ-a” yefkan tudert-is d asfel ɣef tmagit d yidles ɣlayen.
Daymi i nefka azwel “Iḍrisen d tezrawin ɣef Lwennas Meɛtub” deg teɣzi n 20 n yiḍrisen ussnanen, imusnawen i yekkin seg yal tasdawit (Tubiret, Tizi Wezzu, Bgayet, Batna, ...) zerwen iḍrisen n Lwennas akken ad ẓmin inumak yefren, tignatin idargen akked yiẓuyar ur nettwafhem ɣer waṭas n medden.
Amek ara d-yili usfugel n umedyaz-a mucaɛen ? D acu ilaq ad nexdem akken ur itezzer ara di lebḥer n tatut ? Amek ara nkemmel amennuɣ-is ?
Tamuɣli-w, tajmilt i nezmer ad nerr i umedyaz d taɣuri n tmedyazt-is, d aḥfaḍ n yimeslayen-is d usuɣel-nsen ɣer tutlayin-nniḍen. Abrid iwulmen d aselmed n yisefra-ines, d azuzer n wayen i d-yeǧǧa akken ad yaweḍ ɣer wulawen n yal azzayri neɣ amaziɣ anda ma yella.
Akken ad yeqqim i lebda, ilaq di tazwara ad neḥṣu dacu-t umennuɣ n tmeddurt-is, d acu d sebba n tmettant-is. Mi negza annect-a, ad negzu ayen icudden ɣer umennuɣ s wayes yumen, d tektiwin iɣef yettwanɣa, imiren nezmer ad d-nberreḥ dakken aql-aɣ deg ubrid-is, neḍfer lǧerra-s !
Ayen d-yeǧǧa nleqqem-it i tsutwin n uzekka, acku, am akken neẓra, amedyaz n tidet d win umi tufa abrid tamedyazt-is ɣer wulawen n yimdanen di yal tallit. Akka kan ara tedder tiɣri n umennuɣ-is alamma icerq-d yiṭij n tafrara !
Mi ara nsuk tamuɣli tawezlant ɣef tmedyazt n Lwennas, ad naf anamek n umennuɣ-is, ɣef idles-is, ɣef tutlayt-is, ɣef wakal-is d tmurt-ines, akken i t-id-yenna deg yiwet seg tezlatin-is “D iseflan neɣli, ɣef Lezzayer n Uzekka!”
Meɛtub Lwennas d win yumnen s tdukli n ugdud amaziɣ. Annect-a nettaf-it s ṭṭaqa di tmedyazt-is, anda d-tban tiɣri yelḥan srid ɣer umeẓẓuɣ, akken is-yenna deg wawal-is : “Mazal ṣṣut-iw ad yebbeɛzeq”. D ta i d tiɣri n udrar n Ǧerǧer i Wawras. Rrnu ɣer waya, tiktiwin-nniḍen ara naf deg yisefra-ines, d tiktiwin yesɛan assaɣ akked tlufa iḥuzan agdud s umata.
Ayen d-yufraren di tmedyazt-is d asirem n tdukli n yidurar, ama d tamurt n Leqbayel, tin n Yicawin, tin n Yimuhaɣ neɣ Yimaziɣen-nniḍen. D asirem i yerra d acqirrew akken ad aɣ-d-alint tismin n tdukli.
“Ahaw san yiwwas
Ad nelḥut deg yiwen ubrid
Ahaw san yiwwas
Ad neeqlet wi llan d lğid
S lğehd ad neṛṛẓet leḥbas
Ulac anwa ara icekkeb lqid
Seg Uheggar alamma d Waṭlas
Agdud ad yeddu lwaḥid”
Tazwara
Azul Fell-awen
ṢAḤḤA LFATUR-NWEN
Mass Lwali n Bgayet,
Mass Aselway n Tɣiwant n bgayet,
Mass Anemhal n Yidles n Bgayet,
Mass Anemhal n Temkerḍit Tagejdant n Bgayet,
Imyura d yinaẓuren,
Iɛeggalen n twacult n tɣamsa
Mass Abdelhafid Idres d widen i d-yeddan yid-s,
Ansuf yis-wen ɣer temlilit n tejmilt i yerra Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa i Dda Lḥafiḍ, d tajmilt s wazal-is i yuklal, am tcemmuɛt yecceɛcan ara yernun tafat i tid yellan yakan di temnaḍt-agi i nḥemmel aṭas, am wakken i t-id-yeǧǧa Cherif Khaddam : Bgayet telha d rruḥ n Leqbayel.
Tajmilt n wass-a txulef tiyaḍ imi d rreḥba i umtawa i d-yellan gar Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa akked Tɣiwant n Bgayet ilmend n useqdec d tira n tmaziɣt di yal agalis i d-yezzin i temdint-agi tameqqrant.
Nezmer ad d-nini belli Bgayet d amedya deg ubrid-agi n usnermi n tutlayt n tmaziɣt.
Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa yezga ɣer tama-nwen, ad yernu ad yefk afud ugar. Afus deg ufus, taɛkemt ad tifsus, tagmat ad tefti.
Ay inebgawen n lḥerma
Awal d llsas n tutlayt tamaziɣt ; d awal iɣef tebna.
Awal yella d imawi, seg yimi s ameẓẓuɣ, tura yuɣal ɣef lkaɣeḍ, tasuta tettaǧǧa-t-id i tayeḍ.
Iwakken ad yidir Umaziɣ s tutlayt-is di tmurt-is ilaq-as ad tt-yaru, ad tt-yelmed, ad tt-yesselmed, ad yexdem yis-s. Akka kan ara tuɣal d tutlayt n tudert.
Ay inebgawen n lḥerma
Tutlayt tamaziɣt attan deg tesdawiyin, deg yiɣerbazen d tsudwin n tmurt n Lezzayer. La tetteddu s lmendad n widen i la as-yettheggin abrid ad tɛeddi di tehri.
Tḥerr-d amkan-is s tmussni n warraw-is i as-igan ilugan iss ara teddu. La tettnerni s leqdic i widen i la as-d-yettheggin allalen d yisulal iss ara taẓ ɣer sdat.Yiwen seg warraw-is d Mass Abdelhafid Idres.
Ay inebgawen n lḥerma
Mass Idres yejmeɛ-d awalen n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg yiwen udlis ara yersen deg umezruy n yidlisen i yeldin ddeqs n tewwura i unadi d tezrawt n tutlayt, idles d tgemmi n tmaziɣt deg tmurt n Lezzayer.
Yusa-d Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa ass-agi ɣer Bgayet iwakken ad yerr tajmilt i umeɣnas-agi i d-tefka tmurt-a,
yiwen n urgaz seg wid yeddan deg ubrid i d-nejren yimenza-nneɣ,
yiwen Umaziɣ i d-iheggan allal agejdan i yal tutlayt di ddunit : Amawal.
Yesnerna annar n wawalen imi yal taɣult tesɛa awalen-is deg umawal. Yal taddart, yal tamdint, yal tamnaḍt tettekka s wayen i yellan ɣur yimezdaɣ-is.
D asegzawal ara nernu ɣer yidlisen n yimenza-nneɣ i aɣ-d-yessawḍen tutlayt n lawan-nni ɣer yimir-a.
Yumen s tezmert n tutlayt-is tayemmat, yumen s wayen i yexdem, yebɣa-t, yeɛteb fell-as, ur icuḥḥ i kra, yedda yiman d tfekka iwakken ad d-ilal Umawal ameqqran n tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Ay inebgawen n lḥerma
Ulac awalen iss nezmer ad ak-nerr tajmilt a Mass Idres. Asegzawal-ik
ad yernu afud akked tebɣest i yimnuda deg tesdawiyin n tmurt, ad t-ḥwiǧen widen iqeddcen i tilin d usnerni n tutlayt-nsen : iselmaden, inelmaden, imsuqqlen, ineɣmasen...
Tanemmirt a Dda Lḥafiḍ i kečč akked widen yeddan yid-k deg ubrid-agi i d-tewwiḍ, i tferneḍ, ideg tesseddaḍ tudert-ik i tutlayt-ik d tilin-ik.
Awal n Mass Si El Hachemi ASSAD
Azul fellawen.
Itikkelt tamezwarut, Aseqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa akked Usqamu Aɛlayan n Tutlayt Taɛrabt gezmen-tt di rray ad zdin asfugel n wass amaḍlan i tutlayt tayemmat, s usuddes n yimen n wass azrawan.
Timlilit am tagi tesɛa azal ameqqran deg wahil n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa. Yal aseggas nettarra lwelha-nneɣ ɣer-s imi , iswi-nneɣ agejdan d asnerni akked usefti n tutlayt n tmaziɣt s yal iles, s yal tantala. D tigi i d timeslayin i yuzzaren deg tmurt-nneɣ seg zik ar assa.
Bɣiɣ ad d-iniɣ ass-a, nekkni d wid iḥemmlen timeslayin, d wid yesseḥbibiren fell-asent maca berra n unnar n ccwal.
Di tsweɛt am tagi bɣiɣ ad d-ḥyuɣ awal n Massa Irina Bokova, Tanemhalt Tamatut n UNESCO, i d-yennan di tebrat n usfugel n wass n 21 furar 2017:
"UNESCO twelleh-d akken iwata lḥal ɣer ubrid ideg ilaq ad ddunt tmeslayin merra imi yal yiwet deg-sent s wazal-is".
Tenna-d : “D timeslayin i d-yessebganen anwa i d nekkni ? d nutenti i yeẓẓaḍen ttexmam-nneɣ akked tumast-nneɣ”.
Tenna-d daɣen: “Ur tezmir ad d-tili lemcawra neɣ lemɛawna tagraɣlant s wuden amaynut, war lemqadra n yal tameslayt”.
Tkemmel awal-is : “D timeslayin i yettawin srid ɣer umsefhem d lemqadra n yal idles ”.
Tkfat tabrat-is s yiwen n wawal iweznen :
“Simmal nettissin timeslayin, simmal ttilin yigduden n ddunit ddren, ṭṭurcen s lemqadra akked twizi ilebda gar-asen”.
ɣef ayagi ilaq Anḥrez timslayin neɣ.
Tamaziɣt amekkan-is d LAKUL , Tamaziɣt amekkan-is S tawilat n Issalen , Tamaziɣt amekkan-is S TIRA ALA DɣA…
AKKA KAN ARA T DDER GER TMESLAYIN NIḌEN !
Awal n Umaray Amatu
Yal aɣref yesɛa ccfawat. Ccfawat-agi d tafrit. D tafrit yettwellihen tudert-is, yettakken azal i tmeddurt-is. Ma yella umezruy n yiḍelli n Lezzayer yettwassen, amezruy aqbur yeṛmel. D inadiyen d-yellan di kra n temnaḍin n Lezzayer i yessawḍen ɣer tmussni n umdan aqbur akked tɣermiwin tinezmarin i iɛeddan deg akal-agi. Seg Tefriqt Ugafa n zik, anagar kra n waktayen n tmesirin n umezruy i d-yeggran i lǧil n wass-a. Drus n yemdanen i yeẓran belli IMURIṬANIYEN llan uqbel RRUMAN, IWUNDALEN akked IBIZUNTIYEN mseḍfaren-d ɣer tmurt-agi uqbel lislam. D acu ara d-nini ihi ɣef kra n wudmawen n umezruy i iɛeddan ɣef uqerru n kra n temnaḍin n zik ur nettwassen ara ass-agi ?
Iwakken amezruy-agi ad d-yettwabder, ad d-yettwamekti, Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa iheyya-d timlilit-agi ara ikecmen deg umezruy-nneɣ. Timlilit ad d-tezzi ɣef tmettiyin iɛeddan deg Tefriqt Ugafa, s waṭas n isentalen, iwakken azzayri n wass-a ad yissin amezruy n TMAZƔA yellan yettidiren ddaw RRUMAN seg lqern wis sin uqbel talalit n Sidna Ɛisa, s yemdanen d-yekkren mgal amnekcem.
Qqaren : ilaq amdan ad yessin ansi d-yekka iwakken ad ifhem anda yella imira, ad iẓer anda i teddu. Ɣef ayagi, Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa yessewjad-d yal tikkelt timliliyin am tagi ɣef yidles d umezruy n lejdud nneɣ. Iswi nneɣ d tiririt n wazal i ccfawat-nneɣ yettwaremlen acḥal aya. Iwakken annect-agi ad d-yili, nessers-d ɣer tqaɛet azal n walf iseggasen n umezruy, ladɣa amezruy n tgeldiwin timaziɣin d-yebdan send tlata leqrun uqbel talalit n Sidna Ɛisa alamma d tallit n IBIZUNTIYEN, sebɛa leqrun mbaɛd. D tallit anda aɣref yennuɣ, neɣ yeddukel, neɣ yebḍa akken alma d tallit n RRUMAN.
Nnig n tegnit-agi n umbaddel n tektiwin gar imusnawen d imazrayen, timlilit-agi yesɛan azwel « Yugurten yennuɣ akked Rruman » yebɣa ad yefk i tisutwin i d-iteddun ayen s wayes ara zzuxen, ayen s wayes ara sɛun tabɣest iwakken ad aẓen ɣer zdat. D tagnit diɣen i uslali n yennaren n unadi imaynuten deg umezruy-nneɣ. Nessaram ad naweḍ srid ɣer lebɣi-nneɣ.
Amennuɣ n ROME mgal QARṭAJ iɣum merra tgeldiwin TINUMIDIYIN i yeddren ɣer tama-s mbaɛd mi nnuɣen mgal IBUNIQIYEN, uqbel ad yeɣbu later-nsent. Ayagi yella-d ɣas akka aṭas n tikkal deg aydeg rrggagin IRUMANIYEN zdat n YIMAZIƔEN. Bdu-tt-id si Masensen yessawḍen ad yesdukkel « IMASILIYEN » akked « IMASILSILIYEN » i uslali n yiwet n tgelda tameqrant yesɛan asɣen iggerzen akked RRUMAN. Akken daɣen i yella Yugurten, d isem-is i d awal-is : Yugar-iten, meḥsub yerna-ten. D mmis n Mastanabal, d mmis n mmis n Masensen (160 uq.SƐ – 104 uq.SƐ), yeɛan aẓekka-ines di CIRTA taqdimt. Yekker-d di lberj n ɛemmis Misipsa. Uqbel ad immet yebḍa tigeldiwin ɣef sin warraw-is (Aderbal akked Himpsal) d Yugurten. Yugurten yellan d ameddakel n RRUMAN di ṭradat n IBUNIQIYEN yuɣal yekker-d mgal-nsen di ṭṭrad-nni n sebɛa iseggasen. Aṭas n yimennuɣen d-yellan. Nezmer ad d-nebder : Amennuɣ n « Calama », n « Wasif Muthul » akked « Zama », d-yezgan di Tunes n wass-a.
Ɣas akken yella kra n lexṣaṣ, adlis « Ṭṭrad n Yugurten » n urgaz asertan yuɣalen d amazray, « Salluste », yettwaḥsab d aɣbalu amazray n ṭṭrad-agi n Yugurten. D adlis yebɣan ad yeffer tidet n umezruy, imi deg-s ad naf d akken NUMIDYA tettiki ɣer RRUMAN, yemmeslay-d diɣen ɣef Micipsa yerran Yugurten d mmis. Yella udlis n Lmuhub Amrouche « Yugurten yeddren i lebda » (L’éternel Jugurtha) (1946) neɣ « Yugurten, yiwen umaziɣ mgal Rruman » n Houria Khadra (2005), maca drus. Ilaq ad d-lalen idlisen d yinadiyen imaynuten ɣef tallit-agi, d idlisen ara d-yawin amezruy n tidet mačči d win n tkerkas. Wagi d axeddim n yisdawanen d yimusnawen d yimnadiyen n tmurt-nneɣ i ilaqen ad cemmren i yiɣallen-nsen mebla leɛḍil.
Awal n Mass SI EL Hachemi ASSAD, AmarayAmatu n UsqamuUnnig n Timmuzɣa
Di tazwara ad snemreɣlal n tikti-agi, Massa Fatma Zuhra Zerwaṭi taneɣlaft n twennaḍt d ṣṣahd yettumaynuten, i yebɣan ad yilileqdic-a numawal d win ara d-ijemɛenɣeryidis n tutlayt taberranit, snat n tutlayin tiɣelnawin : Taɛrabt akked tmaziɣt. Ilmend n waya i d-nettwanced ad nettekkidegusenfar-a.
Leqdic-ayella-d di tazwara, d timlilit n umcawar i d-yeglan s ustenyi n umtawa gar tlata n yidisan ass n 06 yunyu 2019. Amtawa-agi yella-d gar Uɣlif terza temsalt d Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa akked Usqamu Unnig n Tutlayt Taɛrabt. Syin ɣer zdat, yella-d usbeddi n tesqamut n yixeddim ideg llan yimazzagen d yisdawiyen i d-tesumer yal yiwet seg tsuduyin-a yesteny anamtawa.
Nesseḥres aṭas akken iɛeggalen n tesqamut yettukelfen s tsuqilt ɣer tmaziɣt, ad ilin d isdawiyen ilmeẓyen yufraren s tzemmar-nsen deg unnar n umawal d tsuqilt ɣer tmaziɣt, i yesmenyafen am cawer d unadi lqayen yal tikkelt mi ara nadin ɣefugdazal n kra n yiremneɣ mi ara d-ssufɣen isem-issegwawalen yellan yakan di tutlayt neɣ ma wwin-d areṭṭal seg tutlayt-nniḍen.
Acḥal i nuḥwaǧ leqdica tyecban wiyemmugen s tcemlit, acku igemma ḍiɣerssawaḍen zgant tilin lhan, gerrzen. Aya daɣenur d-yettili ara maulactagnityelhaniwulmenleqdicyecbantimliliyin n umcawar i yessemlalayenyaltikkeltiɛeggalen n tesqamutɣeryidis n leqdicɣeflibɛidyalwadegumkan-is.
Segminemtafaqɣeftesnarraytiwulmenleqdic, yalaɛeggal n tesqamutyeddemamur-isdegyirman ara d-yesuɣel, beṭṭu n yirmanyella-d s tigdagar n yiɛeggalenilmend n tifin n yigdazalen-nsen s tutlayt n tmaziɣt. Aya yella-d ilmend n tewtilin-a :
1-Anadi s telqayɣefyinumak n yirman.
2-Anadi ɣefwawaldegtutlayt n yalass di meṛṛatisenfal n tutlayt n tmaziɣt.
3-Asemres n walugen n tesnulfawalt d usufeɣ n wawalenimaynutensegtalɣiwin n usuddesyellan s waṭasdegtutlayt n tmaziɣt.
4-Asemres n warwasendegwandaiwulem i yeddan d walugen n tutlayt, ilmend n tukci n tmiḍranin n tidetyesɛananamekiwulmen.
Tarrayt-a, tesmektay-aɣ-d s yiswiunnig i nebɣaad naweḍ, wa d aṛessi n tmaziɣtilmend n yikatarenussnanen, atraren. Aya daɣenyeskanay-d azal n tazliwin-nneɣilmend n ustenyi n yimtawayenakkedkra n tesdawiyin d wammasen n unadi i d winezdianezgum n unadi di taɣulinyerzantasnilest, tasekla d tesnalest ; mebla ma nettudaɣenasuggetsegtuffɣiwin i nxeddemdegunnarilmend n ujerred d uglam n meṛṛatisenfal n tmaziɣtyettuneḥsaben d aɣbalu, d agerruj n tutlayt, s ubrid n tuffɣiwintussnanintibidagujiyin i d-yettilindegtemnaḍinyemxalafen n uɣlan.
Am wakkendaɣen, lǧehd-agi yettunefkenakken ad d-tlalteẓrigt-agi s lmendad n WammasAɣelnaw n YisilɣenIwnaḍanen, yeskany-d s tidetamsaderutlayanagaman i yellangarsnat n tutlayintaɛrabtakkedtmaziɣt, d tiriritiwulmen i widyesseɣlaḍendakkenyellaumennuɣutlayan (Llanwidyebɣan ad d-xelqenamennuɣasugnangarsnat-a ntutlayin).
Tamaziɣt, d tutlaytyezdingarmeṛṛaizzayriyen, ɣefwayayewwi-d fell-aɣ ad as-nefkttawilatimeqqranen d tmusniwiniwulmenakken ad nessiweḍɣeruslugen-is d usmatu n uselmed-is d uzuzer-is. Ɣefwaya, ilaqwugarn lǧehddegusufeɣ n yisegzawalenisentalanen d tukci n wazal i meṛṛatirmitin d tezrawintussnaninyemmugenuqbeldegunnar n uslugen n tutlayt n tmaziɣt.
Degubrid-agi, ad d-nebderazal n uneḍruussnanakadimiideg i aɣ-yettunefkccaniminellasegyimsuddsen-isdegwagur n meɣresdeguseggas n 2016, aneḍru i d-yellan d timlilittagraɣlantɣeftigin n yisegzawaleniyenutlayanenTamaziɣt/tamaziɣt, mbeɛdamecwar n ysegzawakenisenutlayanen ( taɛrabtneɣtafransist/tamaziɣt) i d-yewwiuqbelumawal n tmaziɣt.
Di taggara, ad snemreɣaṭasiɛeggalen n tesqamutyezdin i yessawḍen ad salin leqdic-a ara d-yernun d tunṭict itamkerḍittaɣelnawt, ara d-yesseknenlǧehd i yefkauwanek i usnernin n tutlayintiɣelnawintaɛrabtakkedtmaziɣt. Am wakkendaɣen ara rreɣtajmilt i terbaɛt n tmaziɣt di tesqamut, Massen : MuḥendUremṭanIɣit, Nabil Mehdiwi, ṬaherBuxennufaakkedMeqran Cixi,ilmend n tasayt-nsen d leqdic-nsenakken ad tekfutsuqiltɣertmaziɣtdegwakudiwulmen.
Si LhacmiƐeṣṣad
AmarayAmatu n UsqamuUnnig n Timmuzɣa
- Iɣbulaigejdanen i tessemresterbaɛt n tmaziɣt :
Imawalen d yisegzawalenimatuyen :
1-Amawal n tmaziɣttatrart,Mouloud Mammeri, Edition HCA- Ministère de la Culture, 2004 et éditions CNRPAH 2017.
2-Amawal n tmaziɣttatrart, Dictionnaire tamazight Français / français tamazight, AbdelhafidIdres, HCA-ENAG. 2018
3-Dictionnaire de Tamazight Parlers de Kabylie , Mohand AkliHaddadou , éditions BERTI 2014.
Imawalenuzzigen :
1- Lexique pratique de la pathologie, Mohamed Zakaria Benramdane, HCA, 2012
2-Lexique juridique amazigh-français, amawalazerfantamaziɣt-tafransist , Mohamed Zakaria Benramdane, HCA, 2013 ;
3-Dictionnaire d’électrotechnique Français –Tamaziɣt, Mohand Mahrazi, HCA, 2011
4-Lexique des sciences de la terre, tamaziɣt-francais, Idir Ahmed Zaid, HCA, 2004
5-Lexique de l’agriculture, Ighit Mohand Ouramtane, coédition HCA/TIRA, 2018
Leqdicat-nniḍendegtseknawalttamaziɣt :
1-Lexique des mathématiques, réalisé par un groupe de chercheurs à l’université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou en 1984 ( Laihem, Hend Sadi, Ramdane Achab).
2-Lexique de l’informatique français-anglais-tamazight de Samiya Saad-Bouzefran réalisé en 1996.
3- Base de donnée lexicale / amawal.wikidot.com /Association culturelle Imedyazen (Alger).


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Taqejjirt n tgerfa
Taqejjirt n tgerfa (Isem usnan: Anacyclus clavatus) d talmest n yemɣi seg twacult n tetrawt. Christiaan Hendrik Persoon (fr) d amdan amezwaru i yuran fell-as.
Tilmas[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Taqejjirt n tgerfa, isem usnan: (Anacyclus clavatus) d yiwen n yemɣi iṭṭafaren taggayt n asteraceae.
Ismawen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Isem-is s latinit: Anacyclus clavatus
- Isem-is s tefransist: Anacycle en massue
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit:
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt:
Isseqdac[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tiwelhiwin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ 'Imɣan n Tensawt - Plantes de Kabylie ' - Saïd Zidat - Editions Innexsys, Luxembourg, Avril 2016 ISBN 978-99959-0-205-6 www.imghantensawt.lu


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Cilmun
Amersin (Yettwassen s Cilmun) d agummu i d-ittak yimɣi iwumi qqaren medden ariḥan. Imɣi ayi llan daɣen wid i yas-iqqaren tacilmunt.
Tineḍwa[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Cilmun, illa win rẓayen, illa win ẓiden. D aẓidan i tteɣẓaẓen imeksawen. Ur d-iwwi yara ad astuqqet yiwen deg učči ines, acku itbaddid (iḥettel), yerna isɣaray taɛebbuṭ.
Imɣi ines[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Imɣi ayyi n uriḥan iṭṭuqet deg tama n wagrakal (Mediterranean Sea) n wadda d tin n ufella. D ajeğğig-is mellulen, m'ara ad ilal i yettuɣalen berrik-it m'ara yaweṭ neɣ yew, iwumi qqaren medden cilmun. Taqbaylit tferreq yar uriḥan (imɣi) yakkid d cilmun (agummu). Ariḥan itekkar-ed, iman-is, deg teẓgi: Ur ad t-iteẓẓu bunadem ur ad t-ineqqc, ur ad isewway.
Timeskert[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Ariḥan ẓeṭṭen innaḍen yes iqerṭiyal d tiqerṭiyyal.
- D ifer n imɣi ayi n uriḥan i tessun medden ɣer lqaɛ n uẓekka, ass m’ara tili tmettant.
- Ass n lɛid tameẓyant – ass ideg ttawṭen medden wid d tid i yasen-immuten, d aya i yettawin yidsen. Ass aneggaru n remṭan, truḥun madden truẓen-ed ariḥan, i ttarzen d taqebbiṭ meẓẓiyen. Ad ines. Azekkuyen, zik, aqbel ad tali tafat, ttekaren wid ara yeftun (ruḥen) ɣer temṭelṭ - deg leɛwayed i yfettun d tameqrant n wexxan. Ad awin yidsen lqahwa, ayefki d tkeɛkucin yakkid d uriḥan i d-rẓan iṭ izrin. Akken ara wṭenṭ lxalat ɣer temṭelṭ, ad kkent yak ɣef yiẓekwan n wid d tid i yasent-ed-ikkan. Yal tikkelt m’ara wṭenṭ ɣer yiwen n uẓekka, ad selment ɣef win / tin yemmuten, ad mmeslayent yides s teɣzef n taɣect, ad rnunt as-sersent taseṭṭa n uriḥan.
- M’ara ad d-fakkent yak d wid d tid nsent, ad qlent ɣer wid d tin i tent-id-iqerben, alamma kkant-ed yak fell-asen(t), imir ad sersent iman nsent ɣef tama n uẓekka n win neɣ n tin yemmutend taneggarut, ad ksent lqahwa, ayefki d tkeɛkucin i yed-wwint yidsent, ad as-sqahwint, s tudrin (reminding) n w(t)in yemmuten. (Anect-ayi skurent medden deg Bgayet.)
Ismawen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Isem-is s latinit: Myrtus communis
- Isem-is s tefransist: Myrte commun
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit:Riḥan[1], Cilmun[2]
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt:
Amawal[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Tineḍwa (sing. tanḍa) - Variety
- Timeskert,< sker = to do) - Usage. Syn. Aseqdec.
- Innaḍen,(sing. ineḍ - craftsman)


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Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence (s Tuksitant: Ais) d tamdint n Fransa, tezga-d deg wenẓul n tmurt, deg agezdu n Bouches-du-Rhône. Zedɣen-tt 143 404 n yimezdaɣen.
Tamdint-a tella deg-s tesdawit. Tettili-d deg-s tfaska n uẓawan (lmuziga) mechurent. Aix-en-Provence tesɛa daɣen aḥemmam, am wakken ay llant deg-s lluzinat n yifarisen n tuccit. Takatidṛalt n Saint-Sauveur ay d-yezgan deg-s, tettwabna deg lqern wis 11. Tamdint-a tesɛa isensa d iqburen, ttwabnan gar lqern wis 17 ed wis 18, am wakken ay llan deg-s yisalayen. D Irruman ay d-yesbedden tamdint-a deg useggas n 123 qbel Ɛisa, yerna llan ɣɣaren-as Aquae Sextiae. Deg useggas n 102 qbel Ɛisa, yella-d, deg tama n temdint-a, yessaweḍ ujiniral aruman Marius, ad yernu Ituṭunen ay d-iẓedmen ɣef Gall.


text:
Asaflu arurad
Asaflu arurad neɣ Asifliw arurad (Assaɣ ussnan: Phylloscopus collybita) d talmest n yijqiwen yeṭṭafaren tawsit n usifliw deg tawacult n Phylloscopidae. yettidir s tuget deg Uruppa d Tefriqt yakk d Asya. Ini n usaflu arurad d aras izzegzwen deg ufella n tfekka-as d umellal deg wadi-is. Talmest-a tebṭa ar kra tdu-lemsin.
Tawtemt tbennu Agdef yemmugen am tkerbust (taqubbet) sufel neɣ zdat n tegnit (lqaɛa) yerna tzeddel ɣef yifrax annen daɣen id tettawi učči. Ma d awtem ur yila ara (ur yesɛa ara) tiremt deg usegdef neɣ deg usečči n yefrax. Maca iy setten (yettḥuddu) ɣef tegnit-is seg yigṭaṭ n iden neɣ mgal n inegmaren.
Am waṭas n telmas timeẓyanin n yigṭaṭ. Ula d asaflu arurad iga d iswi n kra inegmren imsuṭaṭ am wemcic d tedɣaɣat yakk d kra n tsekliwin niden.
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tafekka[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Asaflu arurad d yiwen n weylal meẓẓiyen tafekka-ynes teččur, Awtem yuwzen 8,7 g más d tawtemt gar n 6 d 7 g. Amawaṭ n wadu-telmest n wanaw utrim P. c. collybita ila (yesɛa) imuren ifellayen (n ufella) igan d izegza d izurirɣen (ur qessiḥ ara) yakk d waras. Ma d imuren iddayen (n wadda) d imellalen yedda ar tewṛeɣ deg wafriwen. Iṭarren-is d ikacbaren-is berrik-it
Tiwermin mmirwasen-t (ttemcabin-t) d iwetmen deg tmeẓri n yiniten maca meẓẓiy-it fell-asen. Ma d ifrax gan d arasen deg imuren ifellayen ugar n imawaṭen
Tilmas yettemcabin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tikeli[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Asčewčew[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tikeli tamurant[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Učči[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Am yal talmest deg twacult-is, Aylal-a meẓẓiyen iga d amesburɣas anda yettwaf-d igerru (ileqqeḍ) iburɣas (Tasnefriwin (Diptera) s talɣa tagejdant) d ugar n 50 n twaculin n iden d kra n telmas n tegritin akken iy tett Timellalin d tsekliwin n iferṭeṭṭa


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Asibbus
Asibbus (Assaɣ ussnan: Troglodytidae) d tawacult n yigṭaṭ meẓẓiyen igebren seg 84 n telmas yebṭan ɣef 19 n tewsitin. Tiwsitin-a ttidirent deg umadal amaynu. Talmest n usibbus imezdi (Troglodytes troglodytes ) tla (tesɛa) asedger meqqren anda tettidir deg yakk ideggan n tezgelt tagafant.
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Umuɣ n tewsitin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Amyaraw[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Yessefrurux usibbus gar n mayyu alamma d yunyu. Tessrusay tawtemt gar n 5 alamma d 6 n tmellalin deg igdfen yettwabnan s tuga.


text:
Mardi 22 juin 2021
« Ddaw wakal n tmurt n Lezzayer, d akal n … ! »
Mačči d awal i d-issuffeɣ yiwen umdan deg uqerru-s. Amdan-a (1) yura-d akken i yas-nnan ad yini, ad issuffeɣ awal : « ddaw wakal n tmurt n Lezzayer, d akal n Falasṭin ! » / « Sous la terre d’Algérie, il y a la terre de la Palestine ! ».
D awal iweznen (c’est un concept réfléchi, élaboré ; un chef-d’œuvre de la manipulation) !
Ma nessenqed-it wawal-a (décoder le message), nezmer ad naf anda i tessaweḍ tmuɣli n wid t-id-isnulfan, i wacu t-id-snulfan. Ayen i nufa nekkni : Izzayriyen/Imaziɣen d irbiben n tmurt kan i llan (ils sont illégitimes) ; ur llin di tmurt-nsen. Akal n Lezzayer (akked Tmazɣa) d ayla n wid illan deg wagmuḍ (Aâraben/Ifilasṭinen).
S yiwen wawal, wten ad senhezzen ayen illan, ad kksen tamurt, ad glun s tlisa, zun d big-bang :
- - Advertisement -
Kksen tamurt i yimawlan-is imezwura (déligitimation, dépossession),
Skecmen-d ayen ur nelli, zun tamurt n Falastin tessaɣ seg Agmuḍ Anemmas (Moyen-Orient) armi d Tafrikt Ugafa.
Saherwen tamurt n Falasṭin akken ad tefru temsalt yellan ass-a gar-as d Israël,
Fkan aẓar akked wakal ameqqran i taârabt-tinneslemt akked tmeṭṭurfit tineslemt.
Deg wayen iḍerrun ass-a deg umaḍal, izmer yiwen ad yefk tamuɣli ɣer wayen ad d-yasen ɣer zdat ma yesseḥrec allen-is yessenqed, ma yefka tameẓẓuɣt i wayen d-ittbanen, ɣas ma d ayen illan d ameẓyan, d asbecbec kan ; ɣaren-as s tefransist ‘’les signaux faibles’’. Tikli-ya d asenqed, mačči d asnulfu n wayen ur nelli, d awezɣi, neɣ d ‘’la théorie du complot’’.
Amedya wis sin, yusa-d si tmurt n Saudya.
Yiwen umsezruy (historien) n Saudya inna-d deg internet ayen ur d-nnin wiyaḍ, zun d amaynut yufraren. Acu i d-inna ?
– « Anekcum n yinselmen ɣer tmurt n Spanya, d tamhersa n taârabt-tinneslemt ! » (la conquête de l’Espagne en l’an 711 est une colonisation arabo-islamique).
Gar Yizzayriyen i yeseddan awal-a akken ad iffeɣ ugar, yiwen ur igir tamawt ɣer wayen meqqren ur d-inni wemdan-nni : timura n Maser, Sudan, Tamazɣa (El Maɣreb) yerra-tent d timura taârabin ; ifra ssuq, iḥella-tent, zun ddant deg ucekkar n taârabt-tinneslemt. Mačči d lqella n tmussni, d tiḥila (manipulation de l’histoire) ; iwwet umsezruy akken ad yesaâddi ayen meqqren ddaw ucḍad n wayen meẓẓiyen, n wayen ibanen. I netta, akked wid i t-isqedcen, zun timura n Maser, Sudan, Tamazɣa (Libya, Tunes, Lezzayer, Merruk, Muritanya) d taârabin di lasel-nsent !
Taḥilett-a tettwassen si zik, d asmaâreq (la diversion et le fait accompli). Urar n usekkak deg umezruy illa si zik n zik.
Ulac tamhersa ur newwit ad tekkes tamurt i yimawlan-is, ad tekkes idles akked tutlayt akken ad tefk aẓar di tmurt-nni.
Di tallit n temhersa n Fransa di tmurt n Lezzayer (1830 – 1962), Fransa tessexdem yal taḥilett akken ad tbedddel udem i tmurt ; bdan si ‘’nos ancêtres les gaulois » deg uɣerbaz i yimeẓyanen, syin snulfan-d tasertit n ‘’tazzayrit tamaynut’’ (politique algérianiste) ; di tikli-nsen, wten ad qernen yal agdud d-ikecmen si 1830 (Alsaciens, Espagnoles, Maltais, Auvergnats, …) akked ‘’les musulmans’’ neɣ les ‘’Arabes’’ (ɣur-sen, imezdaɣ i d-ufan usan-d seg Agmuḍ), zun llan akk deg yiwet tasilt, ulac mmi-s n tmurt amezwaru, bab n wakal, ulac aberrani. Irumyen di tḥilett-nsen, zwaren yakan kksen amezruy n tmurt n Tmazɣa, kksen imezdaɣ-is, beddlen-asen isem akked lasel, dewlen-ten d Aâraben, d iberraniyen. Taggara n thilett : yal agdud illan (ansi yebɣu yusa-d), ad irnu ɣer tegrurt akken ad d-tlal ‘’Lezzayer tamaynut’’ i yeqqnen ɣer Fransa. Tagrawla n 1954 tessenger taḥilett-nni, texreb targit-nni.
Asekkak deg umezruy n tsertit n taârabt-tinneslemt di tmurt n Lezzayer.
Taarabt-tinneslemt zdin-tt si tazwara di PPA-MTLD, di FLN akked yal adabu si 1962.
I nitni, ulac amezruy n tmurt illan si nnig 30 n leqrun, ulac idles akked tutlayt n Tmazɣa. D amennuɣ aɣezfan n nnig 50 iseggasen i d-issawḍen tamaziɣt d tutlayt taɣelnawt di tmurt-is di 2002, akked tutlayt tunsibt di 2016. Ɣas akken, ɣezzif ubrid akken ad tekkes tfekkalt ɣef yidles d tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Di tallit-nni n ṭṭrad n imeṭṭurfan inselmen n FIS – GIA (1992 – 2000), llan deg-sen imeɣnasen i yeddan deg ubrid ixulfen tasertit n taârabt-tinneslemt, akken ad fken azal i umezruy akked yidles n tmurt n Lezzayer… di terbut n tinneslemt.
Nitni gan isem i yiman-nsen ‘’Izzayriyen’’ (El ǧezzara). Yiwen deg-sen yettwassnen, d Muḥemmed Saâid, inna-d deg yiwet temlilit di taddart-is : « d nekkni, s tinneslemt, ad d-iḥyun tamaziɣt ! ».
Imeddukal-nsen i yeqqnen ɣer tgeldiwin n Emirat, Saudya d Qatar, ur ten-ǧǧin ad ddun deg ubrid-nni, taggara qeṭṭan deg-sen, nɣan-ten akken akk llan, am Muḥemmed Saâid, am wid i d-isnulfan MIA (Mouvement islamique amaziɣ). Tidett tban-d : ulac tasertit taârabt-tinneslemt berra n taârabt-tinneslemt, am akken ur ittwaqbel wayen nniḍen.
Taârabt-tinneslemt akked tmeṭṭurfit tineslemt rrant tiṭ ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel (Kabylie).
Tagrawla n talwit n furar 2019 teldi-d asalu i tlalit n Lezzayer tazzayrit di tnemmast n tmurt tameqqrant, Tamazɣa tamaziɣt. Iban-d d asalu ur nelli d awezɣi, acku di yal tama n tmurt, di yal tiɣremt, d yiwen ubrid, d yiwet tiɣri n ugdud. Anwa ur nesli i tiɣri ‘’Qsenṭina Imaziɣen’’ ?
Ass-a, inekraf/imeḥbas iqublen adabu llan di yal tiɣremt, si Wehran ar Annaba. Amussu n hirak-tanekra issenhez ‘’akabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’ (néo-FLN akked ikabaren n tinneslemt). Annay amaziɣ irrefref si Wehran ar Annaba.
Akken ‘’akabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’ ad d-yerr tiyita, taggara ad iwet ad yerẓ tanekra, akken llan imeɣnas-is sdduklen tiyita-nsen ɣef tmurt n Leqbayel. Nwan ma sekcem-as tawekka, hudden amussu, ad inger hirak-tanekra. Ass-a, tikli n udabu akked ikabaren-nni, yiwen yissew-nsen, yiwen ubrid-nsen, taggara teddukel tcemlit-nsen. Yal ass, anwa ara sqedcen akken ad inbec ‘’tasna n wareẓẓen’’ (blad Qbayel), akken ad texlu.
Tasuddest/stratégie n ‘’ukabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’ tban am uzal : ad wten ad gen talast neɣ iɣisi gar tmurt n Leqbayel akked tmurt n Lezzayer, zun mačči yiwet tmurt (objectif : isoler la Kabylie). Mačči d beṭṭu n wakal kan, d taruẓi n usɣen illan gar imezdaɣ akka d wakka, akken ad fken udem amaynut i wayen sarmen ad yili,
Tamurt n Leqbayel, d tamurt iman-is, ur telli d aḥric n tmurt n Lezzayer, imezdaɣ-is ur llin d Aâraben, ur llin d inselmen, atg.
Tamurt n Lezzayer (iwumi d-tekkes timmist n ‘’Blad Qbayel’’) d tamurt taârabt-tinneslemt, s waẓar aârab, teqqen ɣer tmurt taârabt n Wagmuḍ (nation arabe).
Tasertit-a mačči d urar neɣ d aserkem n wallaɣ (ce n’est pas de la spéculation). D ayen illan. Awalen n imeɣnasen n taârabt-tinneslemt, si Londres neɣ si Lezzayer, akken ad snegren tamurt n Leqbayel, ur qqimen d awalen kan. Ayen i ssaramen azekka ad d-yaweḍ ‘’Halabja tis snat’’ (2).
Ayen illan d amaynut :
Ass-a yeddukel usalu n ‘’ukabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’ akked win n yal akabar i yettnaɣen ɣef timunent n tmurt n Leqbayel (MAK, AKAL, …) (il y a une convergence stratégique entre le parti arabo-islamiste et les indépendantistes kabyles, mais pas pour les mêmes raisons). Akken llan, issew-nsen yiwen : ad gen talast gar tmurt n Lezzayer akked tmurt n Leqbayel, maca mgaraden deg wayen i ten-isedduyen,
Akabar n taârabt-tinneslemt iteddu akken ad ikkes acengu d-ibedden deg ubrid (tamurt n Leqbayel tamagdayt) i bennu n Lezzayer taârabt-tinneslemt, di El Meɣreb El Aârabi’’, tin ad iqqnen ugar ɣer tgeldiyin n wagmuḍ,
Ikabaren n tmurt n Leqbayel tamunant (MAK, AKAL, …), akken ad tbedd tmurt n Leqbayel deg yidles amaziɣ, s tutlayt tamaziɣt, tama n Lezzayer ur nefri.
Asalu n udabu yellan ass-a di tmanaɣt n Lezzayer imɣi-d si tsertit n taârabt-tinneslemt n FLN akked usalu n ‘’tamurt yiwet, tutlayt yiwet’’.
Akken ibɣu yili, adabu yudes/iqreb ugar ɣer ‘’ukabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’, ɣas mazal ur ikcim aḍar afus di tsertit-is, maca yefka afus acḥal n tikkal : taɣdemt n tmurt ur d-tgir d afrag zdat wawalen n Bengrina, Benzaïm akked wid d-inebbcen yal ass.
Amedya n Libya d azamul,
Ayen i bɣan ad t-gen at ‘’ukabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’ yella-d yakan di tmurt n Libya.
Di tazwara n tnekra n ugdud mgal Kadhafi di 2011, tamurt n Cyrénaïque i yellan deg wagmuḍ, tebḍa ɣef yeḥricen nniden n tmurt n Libya n utaram (Fezzan, Tripolitaine).
Si tazwara n tnekra, Cyrénaïque teɣli gar ifassen n Qatar akked igelliden nniḍen i yas-d-issawaḍen uzzal, tagella akked tedrimt, si mi ṭṭfen amafag n Benghazi ; d ‘’akabar n taârabt-tinneslemt’’ n din i d-isbedden jiniral Haftar, s tezmert tameqqrant n imenzan/mercenaires n yal tamurt, akken ad ikcem Trables/Tripoli, ad isddukel tamurt n Libya i lfayda n igelliden n wagmuḍ. Tuṭṭfa n Trables ad tili d tabburt akken ad kecmen azekka timura n Tamazɣa, yiwet deffir tayeḍ.
D tamurt n Lezzayer akked Terk i d-ibedden d afrag akken Haftar ur ikeččem Trables/Tripoli (3).
Di tsertit n taârabt-tinneslemt, adabu n Lezzayer ibedd di tnemmast n ubrid akken ad imil azekka ɣer tama anda yufa lfayda-s. Adabu ur d-iffiɣ si tmuɣli n taârabt-tinneslemt, akken ad yili d adabu n tmurt tamaziɣt, ur ikcim aḍar afus ddaw laânaya n tgeldiwin n wagmuḍ.
Maca, asddukel n tiddukliwin Rachad (FIS) akked MAK deg yiwen uqeffu, zun d ‘’tiddukliwin n trebrabt’’ (organisations terroristes), iban d taḥilett nniḍen akken ad ten-iger i sin deg ubrid n trebrabt (pousser à la faute), syin ad issefcel Tanekra-Hirak, taggara ad iseddu tafellaḥt-is ɣer zdat… ar d qqaren yinan/lebyur n petrol !
Aumer U Lamara
Timerna / Notes :
1) Amdan yuran awal-a d Azzayri izedɣen di tmurt n igelliden n wagmuḍ (Qatar, Emirats), d yiwen yettwaxellsen (mercenaire), yettaru akken ad iseddu la propagande n igelliden di ‘’Maghreb arabe’’.
2) Massacre de Halabja (Kurdistan irakien) : c’est un massacre par arme chimique de la population civile de la ville kurde de Halabja, ordonné par Saddam Hussein, dans la province d’As-Sulaymaniya. Il a eu lieu du 16 au 19 mars 1988, pendant la guerre Iran-Irak, après la chute de la ville le 15 mars 1988 aux mains des peshmergas kurdes. Environ 5 000 Kurdes périrent dans ces attaques chimiques au gaz perpétrées sous l’ordre d’Ali Hassan al-Majid (dit « Ali le Chimique ») par des chasseurs-bombardiers Mig et Mirage de l’armée irakienne. (source wikipédia)
3) Le 23 février 2011, la Cyrénaïque est le premier secteur de Libye à se déclarer en rupture de ban du pouvoir du colonel Kadhafi, lors de la révolte libyenne de 2011.
« Dans une interview accordée le 7 juin à la chaîne qatarie Al Jazeera, le président de la République, Abdelmadjid Tebboune a déclaré au sujet de la situation en Libye, que l’Algérie était prête à intervenir pour empêcher que la capitale Tripoli tombe entre les mains de ce qu’il a qualifié de « mercenaires », allusion aux troupes du général Haftar. Le chef de l’Etat a ajouté qu’ »on ne pouvait pas accepter qu’ »une première capitale africaine et maghrébine soit occupée par des mercenaires » (source : Algérie-eco.com, 22/06/2021).


text:
Tamuqra
Tamuqra d taɣiwant deg tmurt n Lezzayer, tettiki deg tdayra n Weqbu (Tawilayt n Bgayet).
TarakaltẒreg
TuddarẒreg
Igemmamen n Wammas n TmuqraẒreg
- Tiɣilt : s nnig taddart taqburt
- At Lmehdi : ɣef unẓul n taddart taqburt
- At Lwaḍeḥ : ɣef utaram n taddart taqburt
- Cɛayeb : gar At Lwaḍeḥ d Igrufa
- Luḍa n Iḥerqan : tezga-d nnig n At Lmehdi
- Igrufa : gar Uḥriq Uẓru d Cɛayeb
- Luḍa n Ugelmim : deg Igrufa gar Ugelmim d Tqerrabt n Sidi Yeḥya Aɛidel
- Tibḥirin : ddaw Luḍa Ugelmim
- Iger Isaku : ddaw At Lmehdi
- Aḥriq n Uẓru : gar Criɛa d Igrufa
- Criɛa : Anda i tezga timɛemmert n Sidi Yeḥya


text:
Amek yettwassen, amun Amaziɣ ibna x ddsas n tyemmat, tamɣart niɣ tayemmat ila ɣer-s ijjen wemkan d ameqqran ɣer Imaziɣen. Nzemmer a x-as nini axmi nettat d ijjen « wemrabeḍ » idder, yeggur x yiḍaren-nnes, niwwi-dd aya bac zeɛma a nemmel anict d lhimmet i ɣer-s ɣer temɣart, d anict i tt-ttuɣa temqudda aked wergaz.
Amezwaru-nni, midden ila tteqqnen ixef-nnsen ɣer tyemmat, aya ɛad nettaf-as limert-nnes deg yiles n Tmaziɣt aked wawalen am « uma » niɣ « ultma » i dd-ikkin zeg wawal n « mma, yemma » maci zi « bba, baba ».
Timɣarin Timaziɣin, ttwaḥsabent d ijjen tsenyant n twacunt ɣer jjmaɛet n Imaziɣen. Nitenti i iḥeṭṭan tussna i dd-jjin lejdud-nneɣ, xmi i daneɣ-dd-ssakk°aḍent iles n tyemmat, tterrant-aneɣ azellif ɣer tnettit-nneɣ d min neɛna neccin. Awal n « Tamaziɣt » ixes ad yini iles, tamurt d temɣart : d ijjen wawal i ikessin akid-s aṭṭas n lemɛani.
Tewret ijjen ɛada d tameqqrant i yeqqnen ɣer d tametriyarkit, d timaɣarin Timaziɣin i ttuɣa issyamen iḥenjiren, sseggurent timeslayin n taddart, ḥeṭṭant agla ula kṭer tussniwin tibeldiyin (ameknaw xmi tessakk°aḍ yiles, tussna, tyumi, asgenfi abeldi d tẓuri n ufus).
Tamɣart d tasenyant ɣer Imaziɣen
Igduden Imaziɣen nitni bedden x ijjen usistim d amatriyarki aked uya tticen ijjen uweqqar d ameqqar i temɣarin Timaziɣin. Xelli ibda useslem zeg usegg°as n 680, drus xminni ila tteggen tnayen n temɣarin. ɣer Imaziɣen, nettaf irgazen d nitni itteggen taceddadt (Itargiyen n Dzayer, Mali, d Nniger d yergazen iḥmaymiyen di Lmuɣrib) maci d timɣarin.
Amek yettwassen nettaf ila timɣarin irarent ijjen tilalt d tameqqrant deg wamun Amaziɣ di merra tiɣemriwin n Tmazɣa, bla ma a nekkes ula d icten zzag-sent. Nettat d tasenyant n wamun d tmeḥḍayt n leɛwayed tidelsanin d tussniwin n lejdud. Bla ma a nettu, ila Timaziɣin d nitenti umi nettures asiɣi n yiles n Tmaziɣt deg wakud, d nitenti i ttuɣa issakk°aḍen iles-a i tsital.
Faṭima Sadiqi, tettwala belli tilalt-a innufren, ar lux idewlen neɛɛmen zzag-s deg wamunen Imaziɣen :
[« timɣarin timeɣrabiyin irarent ijjen tilalt d tameqqrant deg uḥeṭṭu n yiles d tussna n Tmaziɣt, d ijjen tilalt i yella tticen-as lhimmet-nnes zegga ttyarita. Aseqsi i yemxumblen i yeqqnen s tneqqiḍt n umelqi jar « wanaw » d « iles d yidles » izeddi jar min ismunan taneqqiḍt-a n umelqi d wemkan ameqqran i ɣer-s ɣer temɣart, aya d ijjen usentel min xef ittemsar umherwaḍ di Lmuɣrib, minzi tanamurt (citoyenneté) d wemkan n temɣarin di tmurt-a imsebḍan deg yiles d yedles yeqqen ɣer usexdem n yelsawen imeɣrabiyen .»]
Awal n « temɣart » nettaf awtem-nnes « amɣar » ixes ad yini ameqqran n teqbilt niɣ n twacunt, maca tamɣart tedwel d « tamɣart » n twacunt d « tamɣart » n tɣerma. Di ca n wegduden Imaziɣen, am di Arrif, tamɣart d arkizet n taddart/ n uxxam.
Nzemmer a x-as nsemma d « tiɣerɣert » (tenni i nsxeddam i userɣi d macca) minzi ɣer-s lḥimmet maḥend ad ɣer-s tiẓiḍ tudert ɣer wegdud.
Di min iqqnen ɣer manis i dd-tteqrusan Imaziɣen, nettaf aya, tamɣart ɣer-s dag-s amkan d ameqqran. Deg wegduden Imaziɣen, zi tallest n wakud, ttuɣa-tt deg wegdud amatryarki. Zegga i dd-usin waɛraben ɣer Tmazɣa zi lqern wis sebɛa ɛad ɛeqben Imaziɣen cwayt cwayt d ibatryarken, maca xelli amenni qqimen d imatryarkiyen.
Ad nedwel ɣer yiles i dd-immalen tiɣuniwin n twacunin, nettaf dag-sent lebda ca n wudmawen n imatryarken, am wawal n « uma » d « ultma », i yebnan x wawal n « yemma », amec dd-neydar s nnej. Ddegg-a n wudmawen nettaf-iten deg yiles n Itargiyen. Tenna Claudot-Hawad :
« ɣer Itargiyen, azgen ameqqran n wawalen d wuddisen, ddsas-nnsen ibna x « ma » (yemma). Di Tmahaɣt, tawmat d taweltmat xsen ad inin « mmi-s niɣ d yelli-s n yemma » (aña d ijjen wawal ɛawed ikk-d zi ag ma, d welet ma). Nitni beṭṭan jar xal-i d ɛziz-i, xal-i ittwassemma ɣer-sen « mmi-s n tyemmat n tyemmat » (añat ma), d « ayyaw » d « tayyawt » n ca n wergaz, qqaren-asen « mmi-s/ yelli-s n yelli-s n yemma » (ag elet ma et ulet elet ma). Ddegg-a n lxezrat nettaf-it ɣer Imaziɣen s waṭṭas di mamec ttsemman awmaten ».
Ammu, nettaf Itargiyen tteqqnen ɣer tyemmat. Aya yella deg yiles n Tmaziɣt. Becker ittwala belli iles n Tmaziɣt d ijjen yiles i ittawi-dd x :
« tnettit tadelsant, taddart, twacunt, ibenɛziziten di ddcar, tawmat, leɛwayed, aḥuyyez ɣer min yeɛdun ».
Tanit, ca n wudmawen deg umezruy
Tanit ttuɣa-tt d ijjen takuct-tayemmat, teqqen ɣer tarrawt d tziri ; ttexsen-tt di Kerṭaj (Tunes n lexxu), ila tella jar 814-164 qbel i wakud-nneɣ. Nettat d takuct ila iḥeṭṭan Kerṭaj, teqqen ɣer Ictar d Astrate. Ttuɣa-tt d tamɣart n Baal-Hammon, akuc n tarrawt di Kerṭaj.
Tanit ttuɣa ɛebbdent wami ila llan Ipunikiyen deg umiditirani, di Sikiliya, Malṭa d tefrikt n yeẓẓelmeḍ, di Gades d waṭṭas n imukan-nniḍen deg wakud ahilinsi. Imaziɣen iqdimen, ttuɣa ɛebbden takuct-a tapunikt.
Tanita, tajellidt n ujenna, takuct n inni ittexsen itran d tussna n ujenna. D takuct n tarrawt d rrzeq, nettat ila yellan d buḥbel yuɛlan n Kerṭa, Ipunikiyen deg yiẓẓelmeḍ n tefrikt, ttwassnen s umeqqran-nnsen umi qqaren Hannibal (247 – jar 183 d 181 BC). Leḥkam n Tanita, i yekkin ca n alfayen n usegg°as zi lqern wis tesɛa qbel i tlalit ar mani d aḥewwes arumani, wer x-as yeqḍi ḥa Lislam, waxxa ttuɣa din awal itteḍura qqaren ila ttuɣa ɛebbden-tt waxxa amenni ɛad deg idurar.
Tanit ila tekka d takuct n dduniyt merra. Lbaraka-nnes ttuɣa-tt mani mma udfen Ipunikiyen, am di tegzirt n Malṭa, di Sardiniya, di Spaniya. Nettaf ajellid Amaziɣ iḥekmen Ruma Septimus Severus (11 Abril 146-4 Febrayer d 211 zeg wakud-nneɣ). D imperatur arumani amezwaru i dd-ixelqen deg yeẓẓlmeḍ n tefrikt, d netta issidfen leɛbada n Tanita di Ruma.
Tanita ila tella d leɛbada ittwassnen deg Wafrika : « D tayemmat n tyemmatin i yessfawen wudem amezwaru » ttuɣa-tt « tettwaydar axminni d nettat i dd-ixelqen dduniyt zi walu ». D nettat « isnhezzan merra lexleq, tessuḍ dag-s buḥbel ». Am manaya nettaf-it ɣer Waṭṭas n wegduden, am mamec tella Tanit ɣer Imaziɣen, dinni Neith Di Libiya, Anat di Kenɛan, Isis n Wafrika, Athéna deg Igriken, Ngame deg Wakan…
Isem-nnes ad yili yekk-dd zi netet i yexsen ad yini « ẓẓeḍ », Tanit d nettat i yeẓẓḍen dduniyt, deg umezwaru, tanita ila tella d ijjen takuct n tziri, ad tili d Ishtar niɣ d Astrate, uca wami dd-tusa ɣer Wafrika, ad yili tẓemm-dd ɣer-s ca n takuct d Tmaziɣt d taqdimt i dag-s irewsen. Inaẓuren, messlen tanit x furma n ijjen temɣart, niɣ ca n twalatin, tteggen-tt d amakraḍ (igga acnaw arruḍ) aked ijjen tdewwirt x uzellif (am ixef), d tnayen n idiren i yeggin am iɣallen.
Din ijjen wawal ɛad yedder, ma tanita tus-dd aked Ifinikiyen niɣ d yelli-s n tmurt n Imaziɣen. Tzemmer ad teksi tnayen n wudmawen, tzemmer ad tili d takuct d tmaziɣt, ksin-tt Ifinikiyen axmi terwes di Astarte. Niɣ tzemmer Tanit ad tili d ijjen yisem-nniḍen n Neith.
Waxxa din aṭṭas n Imaziɣen dewlen d Imasiḥiyen deg usegg°as n 300, maca ttuɣa dinni aṭṭas zeg Imaziɣen ɛad ɛebbden takuct n Tanit. Maca awerni usegg°as n 700, zegga dewlen Imaziɣen d imselmen, dewlen semmḥen deg weɛbad n Tanit, uca xenni tettun-tt cwayt cwayt.
Tanit, tettwaḥsab d ijjen takuct n Tmaziɣt, takuct n lxir, tarrawt, timexsa, taziri, takuct tafunikt tamezwarut, ifinikiyen ttuɣa ɛebbden-tt, ar mani dewlen ca n iɛeskriyen Imaziɣen iqdimen. Zamul-nnes d ijjen teqwirt d umekraḍ imsebḍan x ijjen tziri.
Imedyazen d imussnawen n merra wakuden ila ssnen-tt s yisem n takuct n Neith. Wer din bu ccek ila Nit n Imasriyen iqdimen, d tanit n Ifinikiyen d Athena n Igrikiyen ttuɣa-ten ḥa d wudmawen n takuct tamaziɣt n Tanit.
Takuct n Neith d icten zi takucin tiqdimin deg umaḍal, ttuɣa ssnen-tt di Misra taqdimt. D nettat ttuɣa d tameḥḍayt n tendimt n Sais, di Delta n uɣelluy n Nil, deg izaɣaren n Misra.
Isem-nnes Amaziɣ Tannit ixes ad yinit Ta-Nit, ixes ad yini « tammurt n Nit », ittsemma teddakk°alen ɣer tmurt n Libiya (merra tamurt n Tmazɣa ass-a) i yellan d tamurt n Imaziɣen n tidett. Alaḥsab Herodote, Tannit (qqaren-as ula d Athéna) ttuɣa tticen-as lewqer zeg Imazuniyen Ilibiyen ṭṭerf i ugelmam n Tritonis.
Lmeɛna n Neith, ttuɣa tticen-as aṭṭas n inumak s waṭṭas n tebridin, zzag-sen inni i itteqqnen isem-a ɣer waman, am waman zeɛma amezwaru i dd-ixelqen dduniyt-a. Isem-nnes itteqqnen ɣer « tmussni, tunẓiẓt » ɣer « wezref » mamec i tt-ttuɣa d nettat ibedden jar umenɣi n Horus d Seth, ittsemma d nettat ibedden x usistim n usettef akusmitik.
Yettwala Edouard Lipinski belli aẓwar Asimi t-n-y (ixes ad yini inedban) iqqen ɣer yisem n tanit i yexsen ad tinni « tinni i yettrun » ittraḥ igg°ej mani i yeqqar ila isem-nnes ixes ad yini «tenni i yettrun zzat i Baal ».
Maca taṭyurit-a tbedd x ijjen yisem dag-s tayyut amek yeqqar Robert M.Kerr, mani aẓwar t-n-y wer dd-ibin ḥa tnayen n twalatin deg udlis uɣris aqdim, di tnayen-nni n twalatin i di dd-iban izemmer ad yili lmeɛna-nnes « ɛawed » niɣ « cerra ».
Dinni ijjen taṭyurit-nniḍen, min xef yessawal Theo Vennemann, i yetteqqnen isem n Tanit ɣer weẓwar Asimiti m-n-h ɣer wawal n Manah ixes ad yini « ḥseb ». Ittbedda manaya x takuctin i ttuɣa yellan di ccerq am Manat (Taɛrabt), Meni (Taɛibrit), d Ishtar Menutum (tammurt n jar isaffen), d merra idsent d takuctin n wagla, min xef ttwasemmant x ijjen weẓwar d ijjen.
Venneman ixezzar ɣer ijjen wudem-nniḍen n Tanita, x wedrim n Kerṭaj i yeggin am wenni n Junon Moneta x wedrim n Ruma. Awal n Moneta iqqen ɣer wemyag Alatini monere « iwwec awal asebḥan ». Maca Venneman ɛawed iqqar belli ayenni ibna x wawal Asimiti manah i yeqqnen ɣer wedrim, taziri.
Yura-t: Muḥemmed Cṭaṭu.


text:
Tasnimeslit, phonologie (fr) - phonology (en) - fonología (es) - صواتة
Amazzag deg tesnimeslit, phonologiste (fr) - phonologist (en) - fonólogo (es) - مختص في الصواتة
Addad amaruz: tesnimeslit.
Ẓer daɣ: ameslan, amesnimesli, amsislan, anemsisli, asmesli, asnimeslan, imesli, isali, sel, smesli, tamsislit, timesliwt, tisellat.
Aql-iken deg - Vous êtes dans - Ustedes están en - أنتم في
Amawal n Tmaziɣt - Dictionnaire Amazigh - Français - Diccionario Amazigh - Español - قاموس أمازيغي - عربي
(c) Omar Mouffok - Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen.


text:
Jirulanu Kardanu
Jirolamo (nɣ d Jironimo) Kardano (Taṭalyanit : [dʒeˈrɔlamo karˈdano]; Tafṛansist : Jérôme Cardan; Talatinit : Hieronymus Cardamus; 24 cutanbir 1501 - 21 cutanbir 1576) ikka t nn iga yan ugtusnak awṭalyan, ur as yufi ad ikcim s tsdawit n imjjayn acku ilul d acnti, mac waxxa ɣmkann imurs sul ɣ uɣaras nns zun d umjjay, yura f tussna uggar n 200 twuriwin.
Ijgugl s tsugar nns d uynna s ikka ar ittrara taynit ɣ mnnaw n igran; zun d umusnak, amjjay, amsnuddr, amusnaw n tfizikt, amskrar, amsnitri, afilusuf, amara d uqmmaṛ. Ittyawssan s umata s mas t nn ikka iga yan zɣ imusnakn akkʷ nna mi txatr tzrirt ɣ tlslalit, yan zɣ wudmawn izalanen ɣ ussrsl n "probabilité" d umssidf amzwar n "coefficients binomiaux" d "théorème binomial" s umaḍal awtaram, d zɣ dars ad d ikka uglam amzwaru n tawla "Typhoïde*. Isnulfa d mnnawt n tɣawsiwin, ad gisnt naf "Kardan grille", taqcuct n Baguenaudier d usrgl bu tuddsa. Iskr awd kra n twafutin ɣ waljibr, issumr d itsnt tɣarasin ma s frrun tagdiwin "kwartik" d "kubik".
Ikka t nn Kardano ɣ umata n tikkal ar ittqmmar s war tnbbaḍt, yan ɣ idlisn nns, Libr di ludo aleae (Adlis f wurarn n wannaz), da gis issidif tazrawt tangrawant akkʷ izwarn n "probabilité" d yan ugzzum iqqnn s uɣndf ula ntta. Yura t ɣ wattayn n 1564, macc ittufsar i tikklt izwarn ḍart n tmttant nns ɣ 1663.
Tizwiri n tudrt nns d usgmi[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ilul d ɣ Pavya Lumbardya d acnti n Fazyu Kardano, yan urgaz dar tlla yat tmfkit ɣ tusnakt, iswuri d anzzarfu d umstan, tsmun t d Lyunardu da Vintci yat tiddukkla idusn. Yura Kardano ɣ tsknudrt nns tanimant f immas Ciyara Micri, mas tswa mnnaw n isafarn n uɣray bac ad t tsḍr; "f uynna s iyi tnna imma, ldin id ɣ udis nns s tkṛiḍt , ɛlayn ad mmtɣ", dat n ad ilul s imikk, ikka t nn ccil f immas ad tmmuti zɣ Milan s Pavya afad ad trwl i ubayyuṛ "ṭṭaɛun", acku netta a s mmutn tarwa nns yaḍnin s kṛaḍ nnsn.
Ikcm d Kardano ɣ 1520 s tsdawit n Pavya mgal tirat n babas nna as iran tiɣuriwin n uzrf, ḍart yat tmẓi nna mi ixub waḍu, ikturn s tmuḍan ur smidnin, d usgmi icqqan n bu tɣnnant igan babas, yufa nn Jirolano ixf nns ɣ tayri n tflsuft d tussna. Ammas n girra tawṭalyant n 1526-1521, sbzzizn iduba n Pavya f tsdawit ad trgl tifliwin nns ɣ 1524. Ikmml Kardano tiɣri nns ilmma ɣ tsdawit n Padwa, mani ɣ sul yumẓ taduktuṛat nns ɣ tsnijjit aseggʷas n 1525. Ur t tujji tmamkt nns tamnalant igan bizarre ad bahra iskr imddukkal, d ula asiggl n twuri; yut gis tamara dffir mad kullu ismd tɣuriwin nns. Yuzn Kardano tuttriwin nns n wadaf s tɣiwanit n imjjayn ɣ Milan mnnawt n tikkal, mac ur t jju qbln s tmntilt n tsllit nns ixcnn d tlalit nns irkan zun d ucnti, mqqar ɣmkann, kkan t nn ayt tɣiwant ann n imjjayn ar bdda dis ttmciwirn ɣ kraygat tamsalt, f wudm n tɣist nns ur issinn tuccḍa.
Tizwiri n tizzlt (carrière) nns d amjjay[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ira yadlli Kardano ad ixdm tasnijjit nns ɣ yat tmdint imqqurn igan tansbaɣurt zun d Milan, mac ur as tettufka turagt i tmskrt nns, ɣmkann ma f iɣts ad izdɣ tiɣrmt n Sakkulugu, ɣ ixdm tsnijjit nns bla kra n turagt. Itahl ɣinna Lucia Banderini ɣ 1531, yuru dis kṛaḍ tazzanin dat tmttant nns ɣ 1546, ad tn igan d Jyuvanni Battista (1543), Ciyara (1537) d Aldo Urbani (1543). Yura sul Kardano ḍart yat tizi f wussan nna; mas gisn izzri tumrt s timmad nns.
Iɣʷi d Kardano s twisi n idsn iristuqraṭiyn yat tsɣent ɣ uslmd n tusnakt ammas n Milan. Dffir mad yumẓ turagt nns tasjjant, ixdm tusnakt d tsnijjit s yat tikklt, jjin f ufus nns imuḍan bahra stawhmmanin, yurri d ilmma s tmntilt ad iga yan zɣ idukturn akkʷ nna s da ttllin middn ammas n Milan, is d akkʷ yufa ɣ 1536 ad ifl tawuri nns n uslmd, d mqqar jju ur isbidd tararit nns n taynit s tusnakt, tlkm d ccnɛt nns ɣ igr asjjan kra n iskʷfal attuynin, urmn akkʷ iristuqraṭiyn ad t-ssaggugn f Milan. Yura sul Kardano ḍart yat tizi mas yuga ɣ wakud ann iskanen d kkanin igllidn n Danimark d Franṣa, d ula tagllidt n Skutlanda.
Tusnakt[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ittyawssan Kardano s mas iga umusnak akkʷ izwarn s usmrs angrawan n wuṭṭunn uzdirn, ifsr d s uzday ɣ udlis nns n 1545 Ars Magna, afssay n Cipiyuni dil Firru i tagda "kubik" d ufssay n unlmad nns Lodoviko Firrari i tagda "kwartik". Ilkm t id ufssay n yat tmackut iẓlin n tagda "kubik" {x^{3}+ax+b=0} zɣ dar Nikkolo Fontana Tartagliya ɣ 1539, nna as inna i umata ḍart yat tizi mas as iggulla Kardano ur tt immala i awd yan, isnkr dis s tmntilt ad yan umcubbk iɣzzifn f talɣa n tdyazt, mac izwar ufssay n Firro win Fontana. Idgga ɣ ufasr nns s uynna mi qqarn ɣilad uṭṭunn isugnann, waxxa yadlli ur igzi imnzayn nnsn nna d iglm ggʷ uzmz nns awṭalyan Rafael Bombelli i tikklt tamzwarut. Issidf d "Coefficient binomial" d "Théorème binomial" ɣ udlis nns igan s uzwl Nuser "proportions" imaynutnin "Opus novum de proportionibus."
Isggʷasn nns imggura d tmttant nns[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Sin ɣ tarwa n Kardano — Giovanni Battista d Aldo Urbano — gulan nn tgiriwin timezdarin. Giovanni Battista, amnzu d umayuf nns, ittwazrf s tubbya n yixf ɣ 1560, acku inɣa tamɣart nns s irin ḍart mad yufa tarwa nns s kṛaḍ nnsn ur akkʷ gin winns. Aldo Urbano ittublan s tqmmaṛt, igdl fellas babas tukkust ɣ 1569 acku ikka t nn da as ittakʷr iqariḍn nns.
Immuti Kardano zɣ Pavya s Bulunya, zɣ yat tsga; acku ifls s mas d ikka uɣtas n "exécution" n Jyuvanni nns tazrirt n taẓit nns d tmrslt takadimikt ammas n Pavya, d tusmin nna as usin imidawn nns f ismdutn nns ussnanin, d acku t-rubln altu s tumliwin n wunufn ignusann d inlmadn nns.
Ittyamaẓ Kardano dar "Inquisition" ɣ 1570 s itsnt tmntal tirussinin, ittubzzaz fllas ad izzri yan mnnaw n wayyurn ɣ ubniq d ad d isḍr tasɣnt ann nns n uslmd. Immuti s Ṛuma, yumẓ gis yat "annuity" ar timḍlt zɣ dar ubaba Griguri wiss-13 (dffir mad yuga ubaba Pius wiss semmus tuttra nns), ismd ilmma ɣinna taskndurt nns tanimant.
Ittyawqbal ɣ tɣiwant tagldant n imjjayn, ikmml waxxa ɣmkann f tzrawin nns tiflsufiyin s uzday d tmskirt nns n tsnijjit ar tamttant nns ɣ 1576.
Iɣbula[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Cardano, Girolamo, Astrological Aphorisms of Cardan. Edmonds, WA: Sure Fire Press, 1989.
- Cardano, Girolamo, The Book of My Life. trans. by Jean Stoner. New York: New York Review of Books, 2002.
- Cardano, Girolamo, Opera omnia, Charles Sponi, ed., 10 vols. Lyons, 1663.
- Cardano, Girolamo, Nero: an Exemplary Life Inckstone 2012, translation in English of the Neronis Encomium.
- Dunham, William, Journey through Genius, Chapter 6, 1990, John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-50030-5. Discusses Cardano's life and solution of the cubic equation.
- Ekert, Artur, "Complex and unpredictable Cardano". International Journal of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 47, Issue 8, pp. 2101–2119. arXiv e-print (arXiv:0806.0485).
- Giglioni, Guido, "'Bolognan boys are beautiful, tasteful and mostly fine musicians': Cardano on male same-sex love and music", in: Kenneth Borris & George Rousseau (curr.), The sciences of homosexuality in early modern Europe, Routledge, London 2007, pp. 201–220.
- Grafton, Anthony, Cardano's Cosmos: The Worlds and Works of a Renaissance Astrologer. Harvard University Press, 2001.
- Morley, Henry, The life of Girolamo Cardano, of Milan, Physician 2 vols. Chapman & Hall, London 1854.
- Ore, Øystein, Cardano, the Gambling Scholar. Princeton, 1953.
- Rutkin, H. Darrel, "Astrological conditioning of same-sexual relations in Girolamo Cardano's theoretical treatises and celebrity genitures", in: Kenneth Borris & George Rousseau (curr.), The sciences of homosexuality in early modern Europe, Routledge, London 2007, pp. 183–200.
- Sirasi, Nancy G., The Clock and the Mirror: Girolamo Cardano and Renaissance Medicine, Princeton University Press, 1997.


text:
sellekVB [sellek]
payer, régler des comptes; tirer d'embarras, aider; expédier, achever
Flexions sellekttsellikeɣ tsellkeḍ nettsellik tsellkemt yettselliken tselliket itsellik tselliken ttselliket sellkemt ittsellik nsellek ttselliken isellken tetsellikeḍ tetsellikem itselliken sellek tettsellikeḍ isellek tettsellikem sellken ittselliken tsellikemt tetsellik tsellikent ttsellikemt sellkeɣ tettsellik tsellkem ttsellikent tsellik yetsellik tetsellikemt ttsellik sellket yettsellik tsellek tettsellikemt sellkent tsellikeɣ netsellik yetselliken
Sources sellek
- BOUAMARA Kamel, Issin : Asegzawal n teqbaylit s teqbaylit, Editions l'Odyssée, Tizi-Ouzou, 2010
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982
Phrases avec le mot sellek
Ilaq-aɣ ad nsellek ayen akka yellan dagi, ɣas nefcel, ilaq-aɣ ad nseggem taffa-agi n lemkaḥel uqbel azekka .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]


text:
Ticki Internet Explorer n Microsoft yettas-d yettwasbedd deg tuget n PCs yebnan ɣef Windows, yettban belli Microsoft yesmenyaf aseqdec n yiminig-ines Edge, yettusbadun d amezwer mi ara d-taɣeḍ.
Ddeqs n yiseggasen aya i yeǧǧa Microsoft ticreḍt-ines Internet Explorer, ɣef laǧalt n yiminig-ines Edge i yettwaleqqmen i Windows 10. Ɣas akken, aseqdec ẓẓayen n Edge yesnulfa-d taxxamt i Internet Explore, aṭas aṭas ɣef ssebbat n umṣada n yimahilen.
Dagi, ad nserwes gar yiminig-nneɣ Firefox Browser d Internet Explorer deg wayen yeɛnan taɣellist, tanfa d uɛebbi. Ad ak-nɛiwen ad tegzuḍ amgired yellan gar yiminig atrar am Firefox i yettqadaren ilugan n Web d yiminig-nniḍen i tesseqdaceḍ i yiswan n usedri neɣ si tannumi i tuɣeḍ ur tezmireḍ ara ad teǧǧeḍ d umatu.
Taɣellist d Tabaḍnit
Ma yella teǧǧiḍ aseqdec n Internet Explorer, ala imihi n tɣellist i d imigi ara ak-yesqeneen. Imḍebbar n tɣellist Microsoftieeggen-d ɣef waya d imelyan n yimdanen mazal ttkemmilen deg useqdec n Internet Explorer d iminig n web agejdan, ttarran iman-nsen deg yimihi meqqren.
Misrosoft ur issefrak ara tinefliyin timaynutin i Internet Explorer, ayen yebɣan ad d-yini uguren n tɣellist zgan llan. Microsoft yesteɛṛef ɛinani lexṣaṣ yella s umata deg yileqman akken ma llan n Internet Explorer.
D acu-tt tifrat i ilaqen ma yella takebbanit-ik·im tsedday isnasen iqburen i teddun kan ɣef Internet Explorer? Lewṣaya-nneɣ igerrzen, ur sexlaḍ ara gar umahil d zzehwan. Awelleh-nneɣ, d aseqdec n aseɣzaf n tallalt n yiminig aqbur i Windows. Aseɣzaf-a ad teǧǧ iseqdacen ad ldin s wudem awurman tagrumma n URLs yettusbadun deg Internet Explorer syen tuɣalin ɣer Firefox lawan n tunigin ɣer taɣult-nniḍen.
Tixxutert
S usḥissef, 4 ɣer 5% seg akk tukerḍiwin n web ɣef yiselkimen n tnarit kkant-d seg Internet Explorer n melmi kan deg 2019. Ahat annect-a yettban-d ulac deg-s, maca anamek n waya, d imelyan n yimdanen i yesfaydayen seg yir tirmit n internet iwumi ẓẓay usider d uskan, isebter ur d-nettban ara akken iwata — rnu ɣef waya akk, uguren n tɣellist iɣef d-newwi awal yakan.
Tidet kan, ssebbat n useqdec n Internet Explorer sɣur ineflayen d asekyed n yismal-nsen akken ad walin sani ttakken acbi ɣef yiminig aqdim neɣ sɣur tkebbanit i yesɛan kzn isnan uzɣinen i iteddun ala akked yiminig Internet Explorer.
Seg tama-nniḍen, Firefox d yiwen seg yiminigen i yezgan yettuleqqam, i d-yettawin daɣen aṭas n tmahilin ifazen ara teḥwiǧeḍ, am Pocket i d-isummuren agbur s wazal-is yal mi ara teldiḍ iccer amaynut. Afeggag-nneɣ n unadi yeddukklen d tansa n web neɣ Afeggag Quantum akken i as-neqqar, ad ak-d-yefk kra n yisumar yebnan ɣef ticraḍ n yisebter d tebzimin, azray, accaren yeldin d yinadiyen yettwassnen aṭas. Akked umiḍan Firefox baṭel, tzemreḍ ad tkecmeḍ ɣer yakk iɣewwaren-ik akked yifarisen-nneɣ-nniḍen n Firefox ɣef yal ibenk, qqen kan. Rnu lehna n uqerru imi iminig-inek iteddu s wudem amezwaru akken ad yehrez isefka-inek udmawanen.
Aɛebbi
Imi Microsoft igzem-itt di ṛṛay ad yekkes iminig Internet Explorer, ur isefrek ula d yiwen n lqem n iOS, daɣen urǧin yelli i Android. Akken-nniḍen, ma yella ur tseqdaceḍ ara aselkim n ufus neɣ n uniraw Windows, ur tettizmireḍ ara ad tkecmeḍ ɣer ticraḍ-inek n yisebter, amazray n tunigin, awalen uffiren yettwaskelsen, d telɣut-nniḍen ara semtawayen yiminigen atraren deg yibenka.
Firefox iteddu deg yal talɣubliḍt, ula deg Windows, macOS, Linux, Android d iOS. Ayagi yebɣa ad d-yini, tzemreḍ daɣen ad temtawiḍ akk talɣutin-inek ɣef tilɣabluḍin i meṛṛa. Ihi, ma yella tettinigeḍ deg uselkim n ufus n Windows, tzemreḍ ad d-tkemmleḍ seg wanda akken i tḥebseḍ mi ara tuɣaleḍ ɣer tunigin deg iPhone neɣ deg yibenk n Android. Ayen akka tesriḍ ilaq ad tili d tizeɣt akked yal iminig n Web atrar, nesḥassef imi yesea lexṣaṣ akked Internet Explorer.
Aktazal amatu
Mačči aṭas aya, Internet Explorer yella d iminig yettwassnen aṭas, i yettwaseqdacen daɣen deg umaḍal. Lewqat beddlen, titiknulujiyin daɣen beddlent, maca nesḥassef, Internet Explorer yeqqim akken yella. Microsoft inehhu iseqdacen ad ḥebsen aseqdec n Internet Explorer, ad ɛeddin ɣer ubdil-ines Edge iminig amaynut yebnan ɣef Chromium.
Asirem-nneɣ d tidtin kan akked yiminig uslig n teflest s tirmit n tikci n tirmit meqqren ɣef yibenkan akken ma llan. Deg userwes s lmizan mačči d timsizzelt. Firefox d netta i d-yufraren deg meṛṛa taggayin n uktazal. Ma yella yufa-k-id lḥal deg uxxam n Nana isseqdac Internet Explorer, ahat tebɣiḍ ad as-tefkeḍ tallalt sader-as-d Firefox.
Iserwas i yettwagen da, mmugen am wid yettwagen akked yiɣewwaren imezwer d yileqman n tuffɣa n yiminigen akka:
Firefox (81) | Internet Explorer (11)
Asebter-a yettwaleqqam yal tlata wagguren akken ad d-iban deg yileqman ineggura, akken yezmer daɣen ur d-ttbanen ara yileqman ineggura.


text:
Istambul
Tamdint n Istambul Sṭambul d tamdint tis snat n Tmurt n Tturk . Zik tella tamanaɣt ines. Tesɛa 13 imelyan n imezdaɣ (akken i d-tenna TUIK g useggas n 2007) Tesɛa yun uḍar g Turuft, wayed g Asya, ulac tamdint nniḍen g umadal amm nettat yebḍan f sin xas azgen i meqren yezga-d g Asya, maca Istambul tecba mlih timdinin n Turuft
Timezzayin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tamdint n Sṭambul tebḍa af 31 n timezzayin, garasent llant :
- Beşiktaş
- Beyoğlu
- Eminönü
- Esenler
- Eyüp
- Fenerbahçe
- Kadıköy
- Maltepe
- Sarıyer
- Ümraniye
- Üsküdar
- Tarabya
- Kartal
Tarakalt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tamdint n Sṭambul tezgad gar Asia d Turuft ygezmits g'ulemmas ilel n Marmara d ilel Aberkan abrid b'w aman Bosfor yessiweḍ garasen, tamdint n Sṭambul tmoqer aṭas tura g yal snat timiwin n'u Bosfor tswadlent s tamdint n Sṭambul.


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Kcem syen semtawi ticraḍ n yisebtar-inek·inem, awalen-ik·im uffiren, accaren yeldin d wugar — s kra n wanda i tseqdaceḍ Firefox.
Ayen akk i teḥwaǧeḍ i Firefox Sync d Firefox Account.
Tasarut-ik·im n uwgelhen ad teqqim d tuffirt, ala kečč·kemm i tt-yeẓran d yibenkan yettusirgen.
Nettarra isefka-inek·inem yettwawgelhen ɣef yiqeddacen-nneɣ, ihi ur tezmireḍ ara ad ten-teɣreḍ.
Ticki tkecmeḍ ɣef yimayl-inek·inem, tsiteḍ ɣef useɣwen n usenqed, Firefox ad yebdu amtawi s wudem awurman deg ugilal.Ugar n tallalt i usefrek n Firefox Account-inek·inem


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kkerwenVB [kkeṛwen]
s'emporter; se mettre en colère
Flexions kkerwenittkerwin ttkerwinen tekkrewneḍ tekkrewnem ikkrewnen tettkerwineḍ tettkerwinem ittkerwinen kkrewnemt tekkerwen kkrewnent ttkerwinemt tettkerwin ttkerwinent kkerwen yekkerwen tekkrewnemt ttkerwin yettkerwin tettkerwinemt kkrewneɣ nekkerwen yekkrewnen ttkerwineɣ nettkerwin yettkerwinen kkrewnet ikkerwen kkrewnen ttkerwinet
Sources kkerwen
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982


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Arrif
Arrif neɣ Arif d tamnaḍt tamsedrart tezga-d di ugafa n Lmerruk, tessajja ɣef Yilel agrakal, zeddɣen deg-s 4 imelyan n yimezdaɣ yessawalen Tamaziɣt.
Seg yiɣerman imeqqṛanen i yellan di temnaḍt n Arrif Ameqqran ɣer-neɣ: Nnaḍur, Lḥusima, Miḍar, Targist, Azɣenɣan, Seřwan, Zayyu, Aɛarwi, Driwec, At Buɛeyyac, Qasita, Imzuren d Ajdir.
Idurar n Arif udsen ar idurar n Ordillera Bética n wenẓul n Spenya. Akken daɣen i yudsen ɣer Yidurar n Waṭlas maca wer qqinen ɣur-sen wer llin d-amur deg-sen. Gar-asen tella Taza.
Iwdan yessawalen Tamaziɣt Tarifant di Arif qqaren i yiman-nsen “Imaziɣen” neɣ “Irifiyen”, maca tutlayt nsen qqaṛen as “Tamaziɣt” mačči "Tarifit". Iwdan n berra i Arif d nitni i d-as-yeqqaren Tarifit.
Tiwsatin (tiqbilin) n Arif[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- At Weryaɣel zdat n Ajdir d Elḥusima, di tama en Iɣzer Uɣis.
- Igzennayen: di tama en Aknul, seg utaram n Ibḍalsen.
- At Ciker (At Cicer)
- At Sidal (Ayt Sidař)
- Ikebdanen (Icebdanen).
- Ibḍalsen (Ibḍařsen / Imḍalsen), deg wegmuḍ n At Buyeḥyi.
- At Sɛid, deg utaram seg Iɣzer n Kert .
- At Uliccek (Ayt Uřiccek), southwest of Temsaman.
- Temsaman, di tama n temdint nni.
- At Weryaɣel (Ayt Weryaɣeř) deg wegmuḍ n Ibeqquyen.
- At Ɛemmart, deg wenẓul n At Weryaɣel.
- Targist, anẓul n At Weryaɣel.
- At Bufraḥ, deg wegmuḍ n At Yeṭṭeft.
- Ibeqquyen, deg utaram n At Weryaɣel.
- At Yeṭṭeft, deg wegmuḍ n Bades.
- At Buyeḥyi, ataram n yiɣẓer n Melwit.


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Deg useggas n 1857 iweḍ uḥewwas Afransis di Legzayer ad issexsi aɣewweɣ n Leqbayel i ttuɣa tessugur ijjen tḥudriyt qqaren-as « Lalla n Sumer ». Tamɣart-a i yesqasen Ifransisen aṭṭas n txessura, qbel ma ad terreẓ, ad tt-kerfen. Min tena tḥajit n tmeɣnast-a Taqbaylit ?
Tlul Faḍma n Sumer deg Uṣqif n Ṭmana (Tala Wwudi) aseggas n 1930. Aseggas-a i di tewḍa Legzayer adu ifassen n Fransa. Isem-nnes Faḍma n Ssi Ḥmed Umeẓẓyan. Isem n « Sumer » yeqqen ɣer ddcar mani tlul nettat.
Baba-s ila issɣara deg ijjen temzyida n Lquran di ddcar. Tamzyida-nni ila teqqen ɣer zzawit Tareḥmanit n Sidi Ԑebderreḥman Bugebrin. Di temẓi-nnes teḥfeḍ Lquran.
Temlek ead d tameẓẓyant, maca lemlek-nnes wer idum ca uca tedwel-dd ɣer nnhel-nnes maca argaz-nnes yugi ad as-illef. Teqqim adu fus-nnes, mayen tt-yejjin ad tagi x irgazen-nniḍen usin-dd ɣer-s a tt-xeḍben.
Tettwassen di Leqbayel di lweqt-nni s zzhid-nnes, tussna-nnes d tiɣist-nnes.
Imɣaren n Ԑebdelqader.
Deg iseggusa n rebein zi lqern n tseeṭac, usin-d aṭṭas n yemɣaren n ljic n Ԑebdelqader ɣer Izwawen. Zzag-sen Ccrif Muḥemmed Lhacmi umi ttuɣa ttlaɣan « Bu tɣaḍt », d Ccrif Muḥemmed Lamjad Ben Ԑabdelmulk umi qqaren « Buteɣyult » d inniḍen.
Imerzuten deg umezruy qqaren ila « Butɣaḍt » ila ixes ad tt-yawi, maca nettat ttuɣa-tt adu fus n wergaz amezwaru waxxa wer kid-s tetteic ca, argaz-a i yugin ad as-yellef.
Faḍma ila ɣer-s 16 iseggusa wami i ḥewwsen Ifransisen tamurt n Iqbayliyen. Maca aɣewweɣ-nnes nettat kunṭra i Ifransisen zeg izumal imeqqranen n tnezbayt Taqbaylit.
Lalla Faḍma, tamɣart Tameqqrant
Ifransisen ttuɣa ttlaɣan-as Jeanne d’Arc n Djerdjer « Di Leqbayel din idurar qqaren-asen Djerdjer ».
Deg useggas n 1854 tegga amenɣi-nnes amezwaru kunṭra i Ifransisen deg usuf n Sibaw. Xenni ttuɣa ead ɣer-s 24 iseggusa di buḥbel-nnes. Amek tteawaden, ttuɣa Ifransisen iggur ad ɣelben x « Bu teɣyult ». Uca ad d-tas Faḍma n Sumer s yergazen-nnes, a dd-hwan x Ifransisen, uca njemeen-dd x-as Iqbayliyen rẓin Ifransisen.
Amarical Randon wer yeqbil ca treẓẓit-a, uca iḥewwes Ieeẓẓagen. Tekker-d Lalla Faḍma tesmun-dd x-as imezdaɣ n wemkan-nni, tlaɣa ɣer ujahed ad tbedd aked tmurt d tlelli-nnes. Uca yettwagg ijj n umenɣi di 1854 i di rẓin Ifransisen.
Randon, itter maḥend ad sbedden imenɣan i teqbel Faḍma n Sumer, nettat ttuɣa txes maḥed ad tessmeɣer zi ljic-nnes. Maca Ifransisen wer weqqren ca manaya, awerni tlata n iseggusa eeqben-dd maḥend a x-as sugen eawed, weyyen-dd aberru n leesker bac ad terrẓen. Xenni kerfen-tt, ḥuzen merra min teelem.
Tareẓẓit-a i tecca Faḍma d taeeffant, ar mani teqqim tettɣuɣud di leḥbes-nnes uca temmut x 33 iseggusa s tfeqqae.


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Aẓeṭṭa inmetti facebook d win yebɣan ad yemdel asebter n ugeswaḥ ƔILAS ƐINUC!!
GHILAS AINOUCH d mmis n tɣiwant n SidiƐic deg ugzzu n bgayet d bab n 33 iseggasen d aressam n ikarikaturen, yebda ayagi deh temẓi-ynes ami yella deg uɣerbaz amenzu yakkan macca yufrared di tesdawit anda ixdem deg uɣmis n inelmaden mbaɛed mi i d-yewwi akkayad n BAC deg useggas n 2008 sin akkin ixdem deg uyalas aɣlnaw i wumi sawalen TSA “TOUT SUR L’ALGERIE” deg useggas n 2013 uqbel astixer-ines ilmendad n rssem-ines mgal adabu d isenslemen, deg 2016 yella d inebgi n lḥerma n uẓẓrig wis 14 n tfaska n likulur n tefriqet ‘’féstival des couleurs d’afrique’’ deg tmurt n NORMANDIE ,aseggas mbaɛed i tt-waɛarḍ-d deg ulɣu n uwanek n MARIKAN akken ad itteki dinna.
Seg useggas n 2015 iɛedawen n tudert d wid i d-yettwten fell-as imi d-teḍra tedyanet n CHARLIE HEBDOU imi netta yella deg-id i yexdmen deg aɣmis-agi, yerna sin d-afella yerna yettwawet deg ufus n imsulta deg uweqas deg yiwet n tmesbanit i d-iheyya café littérare n temdint-agi.
Ur ḥebbisen ara kan yaɛdawen n tudert deg ay-agi kan imi iḍeli kan i d-yura deg usebter-ines unṣib d-akken i tikelt-nniḍen d-aken isnselmen d udabu azzayri d-wid i ysinyalin asebter-ines sebba n ikarikaturen-ines anda i d-yenna “d-akken tilelli n umeslay ur d-teggri yara imi aṭas n lbatel i yuzzlen deg tmurt-agi ” anda kessen-as ayen i d-yezuzer ama iḍeli ama deg aṭas n tegnatin u tikelt-agi wwḍen ami ara s-mdlen asebter-ines.
ɣef aya Mass Ɣilas ƐINUC d win i yuggin ad ifhem ar ass-a ayɣer i mazel xdmen-as ayagi deg lweqt anda imesbatliyen atnan qaren-d tiktiwin-nsen mbla akk ugur, u anda nettwali atas i mazel deg-id yenɣan ugar n 20000 n temgrayaḍ d ilelliyen u ttemslayen s tefentazit macca imagdayen d inazuren yecban aregaz-agi qḍɛen-asen ad snufsen xas akken i d-qarren ala tidet yeṣṣefan, macca Ɣilasxas akken igezmitt di rray ad ikmel amecwar-is d ubrid i i d-yewwi u yerna-d ‘’mačči d tuksa n usebter-inu ara yiḥbssen tiktiwin-inu neɣ ara yissigden’’.
Ihi ar melmi tilelli n umeslay deg lezzayer ad tt-ttwaɣḍel ar melmi tagnit yecban tagi ad ttekmel mgal yal yiwet d yal yiwen id yettaken tikti temxalef tin n isenslemn neɣ tin udabu!!!


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Llan iberdan akken tamurt ad tqabel adabu i yeffɣen abrid.
Deg umezruy n umaḍal, llan imedyaten di yal tamurt, di Tefrikt, di tmura n Urupa, di Marikan neɣ anda nniḍen, akken ad ikkes ɣef tmurt uzaglu n yir adabu :
d tuffɣa n tikliwin n talwit deg izerban d iberdan,
d aseɣli n uselway s ufus n laâsker (coup d’État), ekkes wa, ssali win ; d abrid ur nferru yiwet,
D ṭṭrad s ubarud mgal adabu, ma tella tezmert taxsimt,
d herrwel n uhuddu d nnger di yal amkan,
d nnfaq aɣarim (désobéissance civile) n talwit,
Akken, alamma yefka udabu fura/mayna, iǧǧa amkan-is, syin aselway ad irwel, ad ittwacudd neɣ ad immet (Benali di Tunes irwel, Ccah Pahlavi di Iran irwel, Mubarak di Maser ittwaṭṭef ɣer lḥebs, Ceausescu di Romania yettwaṭṭef yettwanɣa, Gueddafi di Libya immut yir lmut, atg.).
Tella yiwet, ulac adabu izemren ad iqqim ibedd lebda, ma dduklen at tmurt zun d yiwen, akken ad t-rẓen. Akken tebɣu tili tezmer-is s laâsker s ibeckiḍen, tamsulta, srabes iffren ineqqen, taɣdemt/justice n tilifu iddan ɣef ufus-is…
Sin ifadden ɣef ibedd yir adabu (win ur nelli d win i sbedden at tmurt s tafrent zeddigen), zemren ad siɣezfen tudert n udabu-nni : tazmert tameqqrant (laâsker, tamsulta, taɣdemt akked tikerkas-is), akked wadis n yemdanen (le pouvoir/l’arme alimentaire). Tamurt n Lezzayer tesddukel-iten i sin.
Amezwaru yettwassen deg umaḍal, d timrawin n tmura i yettwacudden iseggasen d iseggasen.
Wis sin, d tuqqna n tmurt s tgella/aɣrum, neɣ deg wadis (monopole du pouvoir alimentaire), d win i d awal-nneɣ.
D tamara ad nezzwer tamuɣli ɣer umezruy aqbur n Tmazɣa (1) (2).
Di yal amkan, si Libya ar Merruk (Nalut, Ɣadames, Awras, Atlas, Tigergert, Aheggar, Azawaḍ…), si leqrun imezwura, Imaziɣen llan qqazen tisrafin ddaw wakal, ifran deg udrar, bennun igadiren s uẓru deg skaren ikufan i tgella (irden, timẓin, tazart, tini d yal asafar nniden), di yal tallit llan wid ibedden d afrag ɣef igadiren-nni, d ikufan-nsen. D tagella-nni i d tilelli n timanit-nsen (autonomie), n tudert-nsen.
Di tallit n Ruman, mi bnan iɣerman deg izuɣar, smeɣren igran, taggara rẓan tilelli-nni n yemdanen illan zedɣen azaɣar. Illa wawal ittwassen « Numidya d iger n Roma/Numidie grenier de Rome ». Ayɣer ?
Acku irden akk imegren deg izuɣar n tmurt tamaziɣt ad izger Illel Agrakal, ad t-fken i laâsker n Roma iteddun akkin, di ṭṭrad ɣer wayeḍ di Urupa ufella akken ad smeɣren tamurt-nsen. Laẓ iqqim-d i Yimaziɣen ikerzen, imegren irden-nni !
Tallit n Iwandalen akked Waâraben deffir-nsen, ur illi wayen nniḍen nnig ahuddu n iɣerman illan bedden, aserɣi n yigran illan, akked ṭṭrad ur nefri, leqrun d leqrun, tama tettnaɣ d tayeḍ.
Tallit n Ṭerk, ɣas adabu-s ur issaɣ i tmurt, iwwet s tezmert-is akken ad yerẓ timanit n imezdaɣ n tmurt s tufffɣa n laâsker-is lawan n tkerza, n tmegra akken ad nɣen ifellaḥen n tmurt. Di tallit-nni i d-innulfa «lḥeq uzaglu» : ifellaḥen ad xellsen Ṭerk akken ad xedmen igran-nsen… taggara, ad d-asen iserdasen, ad awin irden-nni.
Yiwen umedya yettwassnen : di 1805, Dey Mesṭafa Paca (Mustapha Pacha) izzenz akk ayen d-tefka tmurt d irden i tmurt n Fransa, yedda d tagella i laâsker n Napoléon 1er iteddun ad ikcem tamurt n Maser (conquête de l’Egypte). Di temdinin n Lezzayer ikker laẓ d ameqqran, ɣellin medden am yizan deg iberdan.
Di tallit n Fransa, iserdasen-nsen ṭṭfen yal tamurt, ur sen-tensir tardast si tmurt n Lezzayer, igran yelhan akk n ikuluten. Di ṭṭrad-nni n 1939-1945 i d-tban twaɣit ibeddlen tamurt, i d-iban wudem n ‘’l’arme alimentaire’’. Irden akk d-imegren di tmurt n Lezzayer iffeɣ tamurt n Lezzayer, d abrid ɣer Urupa, d tagella i laâsker yettnaɣen di Urupa. Tamurt n Lezzayer teqqim i laẓ ! (3)
Deffir 1962, innulfa-d wayen nniḍen yugaren tallit n Ruman, n Ṭerk, n Fransa : d tuqqna n tmurt s tsertit ur neddi i tmurt (monopole du commerce), win yerran tagella d anzel swayes yeṭṭef Izzayriyen deg wadis : igran d yal asafar deg ifassen n udabu n ukaskiḍ !
Taggara, d tudert n umerdax, ur izmir yiwen ad irwel i udabu ; tafejrit d idurra zdat ‘’suqq ufellaḥ’’. Tamurt n Russia iǧehden ugar, teṭṭef 70 iseggasen deg ubrid-nni, taggara tegrurej di 1991, am akken yegrurej uslaḍ n uẓru n taffza.
Taɣuri seg umezruy i wass-a :
Udem n udabu di Lezzayer, ur iqqim di tuqqna n zik n ‘’yigran d ikufan’’ ; innulfa-d wayen nniḍen. Ass-a adabu yeṭṭef isufar n ddaw tmurt (petrol d lgaz), iṭṭef lbankat d yal abrid n tdamsa akked tmura nniḍen.
Ihi, d tazarezt/piège ur ngi tabburt i tuffɣa si ger ifasssen n udabu ?
Tagrawla tamezwarut, d tukksa n icuddan-nni yeqqnen aɣref n tmurt ɣer udabu.
Zdat tɣennant n telqimt (l’arme alimentaire), yiwen ubrid i yellan : d timanit n wadis (autonomie alimentaire’’), iddukel akked timanit tadelsant (autonomie culturelle). I snat zdint, yiwet tettak afud i tayeḍ.
D ayen ibanen, amennuɣ n timanit n yal yiwen iddukel akked umennuɣ asertan (lutte politique) akken ad tbeddel abrid tmurt s tifranin iteddun am di tmura nniḍen i yaɣ-yifen.
Ass-a, d tazwayt-nni n timanit mgal adabu i yeqqimen deg ubrid, d tamnaṣeft ur tessaweḍ deffir tnekra n Hirak/Tanekra n furar 2019.
Tiwizi tameqqrant mgal aṭan n Covid tesban-d mazal tella tegmatt di tmurt, di yal annar anda yeffeɣ neɣ yefcel udabu, d Izzayriyen i ibedden ; Amedya amezwaru d asisi n yal ddwa akked tmacinin iskaren uksijan i yimuḍan n Covid.
Ugur ameqqran d-ibedden deg ubrid n timanit, ass-a zwaren ɣer-s yimeṭṭurfan inselmen (les islamistes) akken ad sbedden adabu tama n udabu (pouvoir parallèle) di Lezzayer.
Zwaren deg ubrid n tdamsa n ddaw tmurt (économie souterraine, ‘’économie de bazar’’) akken ad bnun ‘’lxalifa ineslem’’ akken i bɣan.
Ass-a, imeṭṭurfan teddun ddaw tmurt, tardast tardast yal ass, alamma ṭṭfen yal aẓar n udabu, s tedrimt tameqqrant n watmaten-nsen n Wagmuḍ (Saâudya, Qatar, Imarat, …). Zun d aḥemmal iteddun s tsusmi, s ufus n udabu.
Di tsertit-nsen, illa umur ameqqran deg udabu iteddun zun d iqeddacen-nsen, yal ass ssekcamen Izzayriyen ɣer leḥbas, di yal tiɣremt, akken taggara ad sfeclen tanekra, ad kecmen tannemast n udabu.
Maca, d abrid ur qbilen imelyunen n Izzayriyen i d-ikkren s talwit, i bennu n Lezzayer n izerfan, n tlelli, n tugdut.
Azekka, tezmer ad tmil akka neɣ akkin…
Aumer U Lamara
Timerna / Notes :
1) Asarag d-illan di ACB (Association de Culture Berbère), 27/04/2022, La victoire autrement, par l’autonomie et la création. Conférenciers : Ben Mohammed, Meziane Abane, Aumer U Lamara ; Animateur : Mustapha Harzoune.
2) Quelques dates des conséquences de l’arme alimentaire des gouvernants… depuis 2000 ans
- L’accaparation des plaines (et ses récoltes) par Rome pour alimenter ses conquêtes en Europe et en Asie, causant des famines systématiques dans Tamazɣa,
- La famine provoquée dans les villes (Alger particulièrement, Oran) par le dey Mustapha Pacha en 1805, qui a réquisitionné par la force tout le blé pour le vendre à l’armée française de Napoléon 1er pour la logistique de sa conquêtre de l’Egypte.
- La famine provoquée en Algérie par la France, de 1939 à 1945, pour alimenter les soldats des fronts de la guerre mondiale en Europe ; grande famine surtout en Kabylie, rationnement et marché noir. Les gens faisaient bouillir des herbes pour survivre.
3) Tallit n laẓ n 1939-1945, tessefcel tamurt, terẓa imeɣnasen n PPA (akabar illa yettwakkes/dissous di 1939). Inna-d yiwen umeɣnas n tallit-nni : « akabar n PPA immut, nekkni nefcel, nefka-d ulac, « ini-yas i ulaxert ad yazzel !». Armi d 1943 i yeḥrared acemma ukabar n PPA, nuɣal ɣer tuddsa, nga anejmaâ amezwaru di Tizi Wezzu, di lkuca n Muḥend Areẓqi Makri.


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Taycukt
Taycukt (Assaɣ ussnan: Pelecanus) d tawsit tamyiwent i d-yesgensisen tawacult n teycukt (Pelecanidae). Tawsit-a tegber seg 8 n telmas. Taycukt d yiwen n wegḍiḍ meqqren, yettidir deg yideggan anda llan waman yettwassen s tilin n temzit s ddaw n uqamum-is. Tiycukin ttidirent deg yimenẓawen yakk anagar Antraktika.
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Isem d usesmel[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Isem ussnan Pelecanus yekka-d seg tutlayt tagrikt tamzikt πeλekάv (anamek-is: Agelzim). Deg waṭas n tikkal yettili-d userwi (asexleḍ) gar n teycukt d tkikla. Dɣa Carl Von Linné yella d netta i d amezwar i d issisemlen tawsit n teycukt deg wedlis-is anagraw n tgama deg teẓrigt-is tis mṛaw deg useggas n 1758, anda i d-yukez timeskanin-is timaẓlayin: (aqamum usrid taggara-s d tameknut, udem war afraw, iḍarren s idukal...), Dɣa tabadut-a temken ula d ufergaṭ d ufelcu yakk d umessuṭ.
Tilmas[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Taycukt tamellalt — (Pelecanus onocrotalus)
- Taycukt tazunɣidt — (Pelecanus rufescens)
- Taycukt n usamar — (pelícano oriental)
- Taycukt taskernant — (Pelecanus crispus)
- Taycukt m tsekkadin — (Pelecanus conspicillatus)


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YouTube
YouTube s teqbaylit nezmer ad t-naru yutub, d asmel web n umaslan (hébergemen) n tvidyutin am akken i yella daɣen d aẓeṭṭa imetti anda iseqdacen zemren ad aznen neɣ ad ẓren tividyutin, ad eǧǧen iwenniten, ṛṛay-nsen neɣ ad bḍun (ad zuzren) tividyutin.
YouTube yettwarna-d deg fuṛaṛ 2005 sɣur Steve Chen, Chad Hurley d Jawed Karim, kraḍ (3) n ixeddamen iqdimen n PayPal, tuɣal tewwi-ten Google ɣur-s deg ṭuber 2006 s 1.6 imelyaren n dulaṛ.
Deg useggas n 2009, ugar n 350 imelyan n yemdanen i irezzun ɣer wesmel-agi yal ayyur. Deg 28 ṭuber 2010, meṛṛa imaṭṭafen YouTube wwḍen ɣer umelyar n inezdiyen, am akken daɣen deg useggas n 2018, ugar n 1.9 imelyaren n iseqdacen i iteqqnen ɣer YouTube yal ayyur.
Amezruy[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Takebbanit tettwarna-d deg fuṛaṛ 2005 sɣur Chad Hurley, Steve Chen d Jawed Karim[5]. Deg tazwara llan bɣan-t ad yili d asmel i wemlili n yilmeẓyen s useqdec n tvidyutin, maca imesbedden beddlen ṛṛay-nsen kra n wussan kan segmi bdan. Tavidyut tamezwarut i yettwarnan ɣer youtube d tin n Jawed Karim deg 23 yebrir 2005 ɣef 20:27.
Deg 9 ṭuber 2006, Google tuɣ YouTube s 1.65 imelyaren n dulaṛ mebla ma yeḍra-d ubeddel deg yisem-is, am akken daɣen i teǧǧa 67 seg yixeddamen-is gar-asen Chad Hurley d Steve Chen.
Agrudem n YouTube[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Ẓer daɣen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Imeẓla yeqqnen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Iseɣwan[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Iɣbula[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ "Google's Grumpy code makes Python Go". (s tenglizit)
- ↑ "Guice Deuce". (s tenglizit)
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/yt/press/statistics.html.
- ↑ "Ɣef YouTube". (s tefransist)
- ↑ « Video websites pop up, invite postings », USA Today (s tenglizit).


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Aṭṭan n kurunafirus 2019 (s tneglizt: Coronavirus Disease 2019); asegzel-nnes: COVID-19 /kuvid-19/, iga yan waṭṭan itteɣemmamen, ar dig-s israg (SARS-COV-2 /sars-kuv-2/). aṭṭan-a ur yadelli ittussan dar ufgan dat ad d-yuman usuḍrer-nnes g tesga n Wuhan g tmurt n Cinwa deg wayyur n Dujanbir 2019, isreg ilemma g yiriḍi n kurunavirus 2019—20. seg tmitar nna s bahra ittussan waṭṭan n kurunavirus 2019 da nettafa; tawla, tusut, timri n usunfes. ilin kra n imuḍan ar darsen- ttumanent kra n tmita-yaḍen zun-d igẓaẓen n tzelmin, aṛmay, iḍen n yiɣf, abzag n taqqayt d umeɣlil.[1] timitar-a-akkʷ ar d-ttumanent imikk s imikk, ger semmus ar kkuẓ d mraw wussan. kra seg midden ar ten-ittaɣ waṭṭan min ad si-s syafan ula umanent fell-asen tmitar-nnes, midden-a akkʷ, amata dig-sen (attay n 80%) ar ttejjin min ad ḍefren kra n usafar iẓlin. yan seg sḍis (1/6) n medden ar fellasen ttumanent kra n temitar bahra hrecnin zun-d timri n usunfes. midden wssernin d willi dar llant tmukrisin tidewsanin (timukrisin n wul, aṭṭan n usekkʷaṛ, ...) llan g imizi n wad ten-yaɣ waṭṭan n kurunavirus uggar n wiyyaḍ.
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ẓeḍaṛen middn lli yuḍnen s waṭṭan n kurunafirus 2019 ad t sɣemmen i wiyyaḍ, acku aṭṭan ad ar ittmuttuy seg yan umedan yuḍnen ɣer yan yaḍn ur yuḍinen, s tmeqqa meẓẓiynin lli d ittffuɣn g tenxar d yimi n wanna ittusun. timeqqa-ad ar ṭṭarnt ɣef ideɣaren d isekkinen d wanna yaẓen i umaḍun ittusun, ukan wanna mu kcimnet tmqqa-ad tiṭṭawin nɣ tinxar nɣ imi s teɣaraset tusrudt, nɣ d s teɣaraset tarusridet ig illa mayd iggern i yidɣaren d isekkinn nna ɣef ḍṛent tmeqqa nna s ufus, igger nn sis i tiṭṭawin nɣ tinxar nɣ imi, rad t iɣemm ufirus nna ittsragn g waṭṭan[2].
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ar ɣilad ur ta illi kra n usafar neɣ d kra ugezzay igan afna n waṭṭan n kurunafirus 2019. maca llant mennawt tɣawsiwin n waray mkelli ttinin imezwura: «aray yuf asijji»[3].
tiɣarasin n warayEdit
- kcimat tigemma nnun ayenna s tufam !
- ig tffeɣm, lsat tanexxammut nnun !
- ad ur tettilim d ugdud !
- ad ur tessezulm s ufus ula udem !
- ad ur tettgiwirm d imuḍan !
- ffalat yan miter gratun !
- ḥebbuyat imi iɣ ar tettusum !
- ad ur teslaym udem s ufus !
- ssiridat ifassen nnun s userrad mennawt tewal g wass !
isaɣulnEdit
- ↑ Aṭṭan n kurunavirus 2019 g tunɣilt taneglizt n wikipidya, 21 ibrir 2020
- ↑ ajarmun, manemk s ar ittmuttuy kurunafirus d manemk s rad segis nary iɣfawen nneɣ ?
- ↑ ajarmun, manmk s ar ittmuttuy kurunafirus d manmk s r rad sgis nary iɣfawn nnɣ ?


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Le Rifain
Saɛid Abernus, yettwassen ɣer yirifiyen d yimaziɣen amen kemlen s tiddi-nnes tameqrant deg yiger n tira n umezgun d usefru, timezgunin i yura, merra iraren-tent x yisaysen, ɛejbent i yimeḍfar n baba-s n tẓuriwin.
Maca udem-nneɣni n uamari Saɛid Abernus, yettwassen di Facebook, awarn i umi yesmun tizemmamin i ttuɣa ittari aṭṭas zeggami, uca yegg°a-tent ḥma a tent-idd yessufeɣ deg yijj n lqaleb n useḍḥek, yeɛdu weswir-nnes s waṭṭas min nẓarr deg utilibizyun, i xef xessren aberru n tenɛacin d ulujistik d usewjed…
Saɛid Abernus, s utilifun-nnes waha, yiweḍ ad yili d itri s Bikembawer. isem-a i dd-yejbed zeg yijjen tḥajit n yijjen ttuɣa-t deg uliman wer yessin ad yessiwel talimant, wer yufi mamek ɣa yini i « s cway cway », ixarres deg umirar n čama Franz Beckenbauer, uca yenna-s: « bikembawer, bikembawer »!
Bikembawer, teɛjeb aṭṭas i yinni tt-iḍeffren, yessexdam deg-s Saɛid Abernus iles n trifit d ddarija d taɛrabt, yessraqqa deg-s tfawt x ca n tmeslayin yudrus wi dasen-ittaɣaren, s yijjen tmamek d jjdid tettessur jer tidet d tḍeḥḥakt, tessawaḍ tibratin.
Manaya ittejja isitimen zi Bikembawer ḥuma ad yalleɣ cwayt s tmaziɣt, ad yaf wi das-ɣa yessiɣen afus ḥuma ad yewc merra min ɣer-s, ad yeɛdu deg utilifizyun.


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Yexḍar ijj uberlamani d afransis ad yebda awal-nnes di tmesmunt tanamurt. S ca n iwalen n uɣennij amaziɣ n Muḥemmed Rwica « ini-as ini-as ». Aberlamani-ya i yellan d agmam n tmeslayin tiberranyin di tmesmunt tanamurt netta d Mjid Lgerrab, iẓuran-nnes d imeɣrabiyen. Yefsar x Facebook, awal-nnes mani i yebda s wawalen n uɣennij-a Amaziɣ yettwassnen.
Yenna Lgerrab belli iwalen n uɣennij-a xsen ad inin « tawmat » s Tmaziɣt. Mamec txes ad tini ɛawed « Tamɛawant di ca n usafar icerken ». Deg ijjen tedwina i d-igga Lgerrab x lḥiḍ-nnes n facebook. Yenna-d : « Wami bdiɣ ad mharwaḍeɣ, ggiɣ ijjen tmeslayt wer telli bu nurmal. Iydareɣ-d iwalen n uɣennij amaziɣ n Muḥemmed Rwica, i yellan d ijjen artista d ameqqran zeg Waṭlas ».
Manaya i yegga Aberlamani-ya, zeɛma axmi ixes a zzay-s issemɣar zi artista-ya immuten deg useggas n 2012. Muḥemmed Rwica netta d ijjen artista d Amaziɣ d Ameɣrabi. Ittwassen s waṭṭas n iɣennijen zzag-sen « ini-as ini-as » i ɛawden aṭṭas n inaẓuren di Lmuɣrib niɣ berra-nnes.
Tala: Maghreb Voices


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Akwadru
Tura‑t: Asmaa Aouattah
Iciyyar as s ufus i ukwaḍru i dd yusa ad ijmɛ. Immrs yuɛla. Tuli ar ɣrs tmɣart i din yufa x ijj n ssllum d aquḍaḍ. Ila ɛlayn iwḍa as ukwaḍru ar tmurt. Amin issufɣ dd, ur yuki, ijjn “ɣarm” tqqs, s unhaḍ. Idwl it id usdḥi, iṣṣar Rbbi tḥanut nni ila txwa, ur gs ɣir ntta d nttat. Nttat zi gs tkrs twarna, idwl it idd usfirnen, tdrrɛ ɣrs akwaḍru nni, thwa dd. Ntta, isnɛmil irzzu gi ljbub x tnɛacin mis ɣa ixtts.
– D lwalidin ink, yak? -i d as tnna mix tettskka ijj n uḥttaw x zzaj n ukwaḍru.
Safi nbda, ataf ad ay tssqsa cḥal ɣrk n aytmak, ma tmlkd ma ɛad, iwa mliḥ, ad as iniɣ lla uka ad hnniɣ.
– Yyih – Islaqa ixf ins s min inna- xsɣ ad iniɣ … -iwa safi yak tffɣ ak dd ma ad trrd niɣ? –. Yyih d lwalidin inu.
Imsḥ tidi s ufus, irra udm ar jjiht n brra. May ɣa ykk? Wi d as innan ḥama tlɣeɣ, ha lux innuɣ.
– Tḍhar gsn ila ttxsn ayawya – tkmml xs s wawal nni i tnna amxmi d walu waxxa iskikkḍ as ci ul, ifassn n lall n tḥanut ttnnḍn akwaḍru nni gi lkiɣḍ, zdat ma ad as t id tssiɣ.
– Mizi tt tssnd? – Ih ya Amin, tsrrḥ ak tmijja, trzzud ad tmhawaḍeḍ x tayri qqaɛ. Tuka kk x wagla ink tffɣd. Raja, ɛad ur txttsd, luxa bzzez xk ad trajid ḥtta ad xk trr, ad tt tssqsid cḥal d ak tettars, ad txsstd, ɛad i ɣa tugurd. Ma txdmd tt, iwa ṣbar.
– Xzar ɣir gi cḥal udsn ar wayaywa, astiqa d ijj n bnadm maci d tnayn. Xzar ɛawd muk ttnaḍurn ta gi wa, ttwaliɣ tn ẓwan arrimt nsn udfn g wayawya. Tayri tettrra sin, d yan.
Amin iṭṭf it bu uḍhwar, mri yufa ataf yudf gi tmurt. Wami ixmm ad dd issufɣ tawlaft n ymmas d babas, ur inwi ad ikk x ṣṣirat ibddn d amzgaru. Waxxa ya Karla qqaɛ d cm, i inna s dixl ins uka ikka x ukmmus nni.
Tasbbabt n tḥanut nni tufa t ammn iẓiyyar, tugi ad xs tawi. Tnna as cḥal i d as tettars, tssiɣ as ijjt n tbulsat n lkiɣḍ ittka gs agla ins, yugur. Ittu ma inna as ci n tanmmirt ma lla.
Brra, ur ixzar ammya ula d ammin. Abrid mix dd yuli lux d aḥdaddar, iwwi t s tazzla am wi irwwln zi ci. Ixmmimn ttazln as ula d ntnin g walli, “Imcumn a n tarwa n sidna Eisa ur ɣrsn x uqmmum ɣir tayri. Min ɣa ẓrn ad gs rzun x tayri. Nɣin ay s tayri.”
Mri maci d Karla, Amin ataf ur iwwi abrid nni, ur t id irri. Tqqim xs qa ck ur d ay tqqar ci “ttxsɣ cm”, qa ck ur d ay dd tettskkid ci misaj ad ay tinid “ẓẓutɣ cm” amuk ttggn imiran n tɛcirin inu, qa ck xmi nttffɣ ur d ay dd tssiɣid ci fus, mala uciɣ ak fus trxxud as astiqa iẓwḍ ick ṭṭu, … Ma d ci, ma d ci, lbda lbda. Ar wami d ijj n wass, tjbd as dd ymmas d babas, yak ma twwid manaya zi lwalidin ink, babak d ymmak ma ila ttfɣn ci mrra, ma ila tmdurruɛn ci zdat nkum, ma ila iqqar as babak i ymmak awaln d ilqqaɣn.
Min d as ɣa yini? Ntta ittɛqal x babas d ymmas xddmn. Xddmn waha, aynni. Ymmas tsswjad as dd i babas, babas ittsxxar dd x ymmas, ymmas tggur wḥḥds, babas iggur wḥḥds. Mala raḥn mani ci mrra, babas iggur zdat ymmas mttkarmin. Maca ɛmmars ur mniɣn, lbda msfhamn, kul ijjn issn min ixssa ad igg d min zgs ittraja wnnɣni. Ma ttxsn ayawya ma ur ttxsn ayawya, maci d amnus la ɣrsn la ɣr tarwa nsn. Tazwart inu nc, ur ssinɣ min zgi tettrajid ula min zgm ttrajiɣ a lwrrat, waxxa ttxsɣ cm. Maca ci zi manaya ur d as t inni. Issɣada waha. Ul ins iḥrri, mizi issn ila ur irzzu ci ad tt ixṣar.
Min ɣa ygg? Ad irkkb udm rid ins.
Axmmem ittḍfar axmmem ar wami tt yufa. Ad as isskn babas d ymmas gi twlaft ḥuma ad tssn ila ntta Amin, d mmis n tayri. Bzzaf d ttamara i xs ikkin ḥuma ad yaf tawlaft n ymmas tettxzzar gs ar ufusi, babas ar uẓlmaḍ. Tkka xs ttamara nnɣni ar wami tnt ismqqudda, irra tnt d ijjt n twlaft. Babas d ymmas ɛmmars ur ṣwwrn ag wayawya.


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Tugi lmeḥkama n Wejda ad tessnufsel, di letnayen i yeedun, inecraf n Jrada kudkud. Inecraf-a ttwaṭṭfen zegga sɣuyyen x lmewt n ijjen uḥudri deg wanuten n lefḥem ig illan di Jrada. Twagit n lmeḥkama yus-d x yiles n ubuɣaw n inecraf mas Eebdlḥeqq Bengadi.
Jrada deg isseggusa imeggura tettedder adu aṭṭas n inhezziyen ig irezzun x ca n tdemsa tecna i ubilaj-nnsen, mamec ttmettan aṭṭas n iḥudrieyn deg wanuten n lefḥem. Mayen ittejjan imezdaɣ lebda sɣuyyen ḥuma ad asen-afen ca n ufessay i temdint-nnsen.


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Amaklas
Imaklasen (Asuf: Amaklas), (Assaɣ ussnan: Cricetinae) d adu-twacult meẓẓiyen n temseɣẓaẓ yettemcabin iɣerdayen, aṭas seg telmas-is ttwagraden-t deg kra n tmura am tid n Uruppa d Marikan, Yettwassnen d akken ila (yesɛa) iwsan (lejyub) deg imi-ynes i wakken ad yeffer deg-sen učči
Adu-twacult-a llant dges wazal n 25 n telmas yeṭṭafaren 7 n tewsitin
Assiseɣ d wesru[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Akin-a igburen (ayen yellan) deg twacult n timaklasin (Muridae) yettwassers d tid nniden yellan deg wadu-twacult n tɣeṛdayt (Muridae) maca tizrawin tineggura malen-t ar wakken ad akzen-t 6 n twaculin. Anda timaklasin gan-tent d afeltwacult n temseɣẓaẓ
Kra n tluganin am ITIS zeddiɣ (mazal) yesẓunay tiɣerdayin deg wadu-twaculin kan
Umuɣ n tewsitin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tadu-twaculta sebɛa ɣef 7 n tewsitin s unect (ɛla ḥsab) n usismel n Linné:
S unect n ITIS (31 tub. 2010), Animal Diversity Web|ADW]] (14 Mayu 2011) d Mammal Species of the World (alqem 3, 2005) (14 mayu 2011):
- Tawsit n Allocricetulus Argyropulo, 1933 - 2 n telmas
- Tawsit n Cansumys Allen, 1928 - yiwet n telmest
- Tawsit n Cricetulus Milne-Edwards, 1867 - 7 n telmas
- Tawsit n Cricetus Leske, 1779 - yiwet n telmest tgad Amaklas imezdi
- Tawsit n Mesocricetus Nehring, 1898 - 4 n telmas, gar-asent Amaklas uṛɣan
- Tawsit n Phodopus Miller, 1910 - 3 n telmas
Tiskanin timezdiyin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Yal talmest n imaskalen tla (tesɛa) taskant. ama deg yimgaraden deg tfekka, deg tiddi, deg tkeli neɣ ula deg ideg n tudert agaman
Tasnileɣt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Asedger[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Imaskalen d iɣersiwen yeṭṭfen asedger arakal agaman deg Tefriqt Ugafa, kra n izegnan n Uruppa, deg usamer alemmas ar usamer n Sibirya yakk d Ccinwa
Yakk tilmas n imaskalen zdint deg tudert tagamant deg tegnatin d izaɣaren yeldin neɣ iɣuranen am tneẓruft, izawaɣen, igran ... Atg


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Yura-t: Ridouan Pakhrou
Lqecla n talamɣact, tus-d deg ucal n tegrawt n Tsaft, tasga n Ddriwec i yettwaggen deg useggʷas n 2009, awern-i ma yebḍa Nnaḍur xef tnayn n tesgiwin di Arrif amerwasu.
Lqecla-ya d ijjen lfusina ittadfen deg iger n lebni akulunyali i yejja uḥewwas Aspanyu di Arrif deg wakud n tnezbayt n Irifiyen s ubeddi n umɣar mmi-s n Ssi Ɛebdekrim Lxeṭṭabi, iseggusa n 20 zi lqern i yeedun.
Tfawt xef umzruy n lqecla n talamɣayt
Lqecla n Talamɣayt tettwabna s yifassen uspanyu deg uneggaru n 1925, xef webrid ittawyen zi Mlilet (Mritc) ɣer Biya (lḥusima), deg ijn temkant yellan d agmir niɣ d fruntira jar tmurt i yeṭṭef uḥewwas Aspanyu d uḥewwas Afransis. Amkan-a yebḍan jar teqbilt n Ayt ttuzin d Igzennayen. Lqecla-ya tettwag ḥuma ad tili d ijjen wammas n pulisiya (الشرطةالأهلية), senni ad tili d tazeddiɣt n lmeḥallet wiss 2 n pulisiya, deg useggʷas n 1942 ad tedwel d tazeddiɣt n lmḥallet wiss 5, d ubatayin wiss 25 zg ayt ccarcurat.
Mammec yirar umkana ijjen twiza d tameqqrant deg umenɣi jer Ispunya (amenɣi 1936-1939), ispunya sxdmen lqecla-ya maḥend ad tili d lpustu mani ɣer tzemmamen ad smunen Irifiyen yewyyen ad ppulsen niɣ ad swizan di girra n Franku. Awaren-i ma ad yeffeɣ uḥewwas aspanyu zi tmurt n Arrif lqecla n talamɣayt ad tdwel d lpustu n iqecliwen d Imxazniyen n Lmeɣrib, di min yemsaren di 58/59 niɣ asegg°as n iqebbaren, mayemmi aṭṭas n igrawliyyen xef kkarfsen, wtin-ten, cerfen-ten, weddben-ten… manaya ead ittwarcem di twengimt n imezdaɣ n Tsaft d min ɣer-s yudsen.
Mamc tegga lqecla n Talamɣayt?
Lqecla teysi amkan d ameqqran azyen zzay-s d azzareg niɣ d asays ttuɣa lemden day-s tnaya xef iksan d ikidriwen, ttazelen day-s, ttiraren day-s ipulisen xef weerur n yeysan niɣ lemmden day-s aneyyec s uqerṭas. Azzareg-a ttiraren day-s iḥudriyen tcamma n uḍar.
Lfusina niɣ lqecla-ya n Talamɣact, tewwi amkan yemɣar yunuḍ-as-d ijjen lḥiḍ d ameqqran yebna s weẓru, ɣer-s ijn tewwurt d tameqqrant day-s leqwes sennej yebna s lyajur maca yeqqim yennurẓem day-s tiburjatin d timeẓẓyanin am tdama, bnan-t d aɣezdis, zi twwuret ɣer berra nettaf ɣer-s tnayen i icbaren, yejjen x ufusi yejjen yẓẓelmeḍ, acbar-a d taeeessast yettɣima day-s ueessas war yettwibni, ɣer-s ijn tiṭṭ d tameẓẓyant manis yettsajja d manis yessufuɣ tazwijt-nnes waha.
Aɣezdis-nneɣni day-s ixxamen d iziyraren, d rexzin mani smunan resnaḥ, d tazeddiɣt n leeskar, day-s afitar n yeksan d ikidriwen, day-s ijjen 2 n yexxamen xef tzeqqa, day-s ijjen jjub n waman, days tisjjura n ṣṣefṣaf.
Mammec tedwel lqecla n talamɣact?
Am wattas n imukan d lebni azayku, lqecla n talamɣayt, iruḥ-as aṭṭas d aẓẓli zeg wudem-nnes, wḍan-t zzg-s tiɣemriwin, wḍan zzg-s aṭṭas d izegnan n leḥyuḍ, twaksent-as merra min ttuɣa ɣer-s d tiwwura d tburjatin, ippader merra min ttuɣa day-s d llusa (mosaïques), yewḍa. Wzgen zi ddruj ttuɣa issalayen ɣer yexxamen n tzeqqa yetsajjan xef tala n buslama (tala day-s aman)
Aṭṭas d lesbab yejjin lqecla n Talamɣact ad taweḍ ɣer lḥala di tella lexxu, zay-s min yeqqnen ɣer wakud, ɣer wenẓar d tfuct, zzay-s min yeqqnen ɣer bnadem, mayemmi imezdaɣ n Talamɣayt wala n tsaft wala d Arrif amen ykmel, wer ɣer-sen telli ijjen tussna ḥuma ad ḥḍan agla-nnsen d twengimt-nnsen, xezzaren ɣer lebni akulunyal, am ca n ḥajjet yeedu xaf-s wakud niɣ safi temmut. S uya imezdaɣ ttuɣa ɣar-sen fus ura d netnin di min yemsaren i lqecla n talamɣayt, (ksen tiwwura, rẓin tiburjatin, qleen llusa, rẓin lqwes n tewwurt tamqqrant…) waxxa nettaf deg iseggusa ineggura usin-d cwayt n iḥudriyen d tmesmunin tettaren ḥeṭṭu n wagla d umezruy, d twengint…mammec tettaren zeg imezdaɣ ad rren taynit, d mammec tettren zi ddewla ad terr s taynit ad tedel amkan-a, maḥend ad issiɣ fus deg iger n tyumi n imezdaɣ, mammec yettwag deg waṭṭas n imucan, d temdinin tiqdimin, xef tbedda tamawast n tussna d umṣawaḍ.
Ar melmi ɣer teqqim lqecla n talamɣact tmetta ass awern-i wenneɣni?
Xeminni nettxezzar ɣer lbeni akulunyal di Lmeɣrib wala di Arrif nettaf ddewla tugur ɣer zzat aṭṭas deg iger n uḥeṭṭu n wagla-ya, s uzemmem-nnes deg iyar n wayda anamur (تراث وطني), niɣ deg iyyar n leedil d ueawen n lebni, maḥend ad yedwel buḥbel ɣer imucan-a ad qqimen ddren di twengimt d umezruy, maca di Arrif ead aqqa-aneɣ neeṭṭar di manaya, mala nejja tasga n Lḥusima weḥḥd-s i yeggin ṣurif d ameqqarn, tasga n Ddriwc wala d Nnaḍur wer ggint walu, ead agla-nsent yettpadar, waxxa nettaf timesmunin uḥlent di tɣuyyit maḥend ad yettwaḥḍa wagla akulunyal di tesgiwin-a, zzay-sent tamesmunt n Taziri yettaren aṭṭas n twalatin ad temmewc tesɣart n lqecla-ya, ḥuma ad tili d ijen twwurt ɣer tyumi n tɣiwant n Tsaft, deg iyar-a tegga tinawin, d ufuɣen, ɣer wemkan-a, tesɣuy ɣer rradiyu walli ɣer ict twalat, amenni tizemmar d tɣuyyawin-nnes wer ufint ead ameẓẓuɣ i dasent-ɣa-ytteslan.


text:
Tawurta n Spanya
Tawurta n Spanya neɣ Tawurta b Ibirya (Assaɣ ussnan: Lynx pardinus) d talmest n tserɣuda yeṭṭafaren tawsit n tawurta, yettidir deg tzunegzirt n Ibirya, Tawurta n Spanya tga d aserɣud yettwaggzen yakk, Dɣa Umuɣ azeggaɣ n IUCN yessers telmest-a deg umuɣ n telmas yettwaggzen s umihi wengar
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Am twurtiwin yakk, Tawurta n Spanya tezzi-yas-d tezrart n ucebbub ɣef yiri-ynes
Yettazen gar n 9 ar 13 kg dɣa d iwetmen i yugaren Tiwetmin s umata, Teɣzi ynes tga gar n 85 cm ar 110 cm (d usallaf gar n 11 ar 14 cm) ma d addud-is ar tuyat gar n 42 ar 47 cm
Amyaraw[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tettarew tewtemt deg wayyur n Yebrir seld n 63 ar 68 n wussan n tadist, tezmer ad teddem deg idis-is yar n yiwen n wammuc ar 5


text:
azemmurN.M [azemmur]
olive; olivier; olives
Flexions azemmurazemmur
Sources azemmur
- BOUAMARA Kamel, Issin : Asegzawal n teqbaylit s teqbaylit, Editions l'Odyssée, Tizi-Ouzou, 2010
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982
Phrases avec le mot azemmur
D yiwen am Wedris i d ineṭqen di tejmaɛt inna-yasen : - " Twalam ay at taddart nneɣ, azemmur ifka d Uxellaq, ilaq-aɣ ad d-naf amek ad d-nessekcem lɣella nneɣ n zzit ɣer icbuyal mačči ad nettak laɛcur i wzerzur yal aseggas .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Armi uɣent tanumi wallen-is i tillas nni i yẓra zdat-s tlata tyugwin n waṭṭawen iberkaken zun d azemmur .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]