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Remḍan
Remḍan neɣ Uẓum (akken i d-sesseman imaziɣen inselmen imezwura) d ayyur wis 9 deg teswast tineslemt i d-yettasen seld n wayyur n Ceɛban (neɣ Amzizel), Ayyur-a yettumeggez d imeẓli ɣer yinselmen yerna ila (yesɛa) azal imeẓli ɣef wayyuren niden acku iga d ayyur n wuẓum ɣer yinselmen igan d yiwen seg tgejda n yislam, anda inselmen (anagar deg kra n tegnatin) geddlen ɣef tissit d wučči yerna twexxiṛen ɣef yiliken seg tẓallit n Lefjer alamma d uɣelluy n tfukt
Ayyur n Remḍan issemtay (ibeddu) mi ara ad tettuselken tmeẓriwt n tazzirt (ayyur bu wacciwen) deg wass n 29 ceɛban, dɣa ma yella ur tettwaẓer ara tazzirt n Remḍan ad yuɣal ceɛban deg-s 30 n wussan sin akin ad yili seld-azekkuya d ass amenzu n Remḍan ara ad yeṭṭfen 29 neɣ 30 n wussan, sin akin ad yas umud ameẓyan (lɛid ameẓyan) s wacu i sfuggulen inselmen mi ara ad ifakk Remḍan
Remḍan d ayyur ilan azal imeẓli deg tgemmi d umezruy n yinselmen acku ttamnen d akken tudra (aṣubbu) n Leqran seg tencirt yettwakelsen ar tegnawt n tegnit (n ddunnit) yella-d deg Laylat El-Qadr deg wayyur n Remḍan, sin akin yeder-d deg talliyin yeẓẓuni (yemmifraqen) deg tallit n tudra n uweḥy anda amazun (nnebi) Muḥamed yella deg yefri n Ḥira ass mi i d-yusa ɣures uneglus Ǧebril s unect n yiɣiliyen inselmen, u yenna-yas «اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ»,«ɣeṛ s yisem n yillu-ynek i d-isnulfan». s wanect-a tella tefyirt-a d Aya tamezwarut i d-yudren seg Leqran.
Remḍan d ayyur yeqqnen deg tmetti tineslemt ar waṭas n isekkiren imasɣanen am tẓallit n Tarawiḥ d iɛtikaf deg 10 n wussan ineggura yakk d waṭas n wansayen niden am tesnubga n yimdanen i truẓi n lmeɣreb d usersi tgidiwin akken illant waṭas n tmeskanin tigemmawin yeqqaren ɣer Remḍan am temnirt (lefnaṛ) d wemrud n Remḍan d kra n imeččiyen yal tama d yidles d weɣref s imeččiyen-is
Aẓaṛ n wawal[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Awal n Remḍan mači d win i d-yennulfan s tneflalit n tneslemt acku yella seg tallit n Jahiliya anda iserɣinen llan tsemmin ayyuren n useggas s unect n wakud deg wanda i d-zgan, Dɣa Remḍan yezga-d deg yiwen n wakud izeɣlen s waṭas, Akud-nni s yiles n iserɣinen d win yettwassnen s رمض, Rāmaḍā yennumken azɣel anamsad
Izemzen ixataren[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tazzirt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Laylat El-Qadr[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Laylat El-Qadr anamek-is s Teqbaylit d iṭ n twenza neɣ iṭ n tezmedt d tdusi tga d iṭ uɣṛis yakk deg usɣan ineslem d umadal.[1][2] Inselmen ttɣilen d akken deg yiṭ-a i d-yuder lweḥy ɣer Muḥamed
Tarrut n win yeččan Remḍan s tildin (ɛinani)[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg wesɣan[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg isudaf[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Amud ameẓyan[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg wass amenzu n Cewwal i d-yettasen srid mi ara ad ifakk Remḍan, inselmen sfuggulen s umud ameẓyan ɣef teɣzi n 3 n wussan, dɣa deg tnezzagt n wass amenzu n umud ameẓyan ttẓallan taẓallit n umud


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Intro
Sommaire
1 A ten-an izuṛan n Ɛisa Lmasiḥ* yellan si dderya n Sidna Dawed akk-d Sidna Ibṛahim :
2 Sidna Ibṛahim yeǧǧa-d Isḥaq, Isḥaq yeǧǧa-d Yeɛqub, Yeɛqub yeǧǧa-d Yahuda d watmaten-is.
3 Yahuda akk-d Tamaṛ ǧǧan-d Fares, akk-d Ziraḥ ; Fares yeǧǧa-d Ḥesrun, Ḥesrun yeǧǧa-d Aram.
4 Aram yeǧǧa-d Ɛaminadab, Ɛaminadab yeǧǧa-d Naḥsun, Naḥsun yeǧǧa-d Salmun.
5 Salmun d Raḥab ǧǧan-d Buɛaz, Buɛaz akk-d Rut sɛan-d Ɛubed, Ɛubed yeǧǧa-d Yassa.
6 Yassa yeǧǧa-d Sidna Dawed, Sidna Dawed yuɣal d agellid, yeǧǧa-d ɣer tmeṭṭut n Uryaḥ Sidna Sliman.
7 Sidna Sliman yeǧǧa-d Raḥabɛam, Raḥabɛam yeǧǧa-d Abiya, Abiya yeǧǧa-d Asaf,
8 Asaf yeǧǧa-d Yehucafat ; Yehucafat yeǧǧa-d Yihuram ; Yihuram yeǧǧa-d Ɛuzya ;
9 Ɛuzya yeǧǧa-d Yuṭam ; Yuṭam yeǧǧa-d Aḥaz ; Aḥaz yeǧǧa-d Ḥizeqya ;
10 Ḥizeqya yeǧǧa-d Mennac ; Mennac yeǧǧa-d Ɛamun ; Ɛamun yeǧǧa-d Yuciya ;
11 Yuciya yeǧǧa-d Yixunya akk-d watmaten-is, di lweqt i deg iqaldiyen wwin at Isṛail d imeḥbas ɣer tmurt n Babilun.
12 Mbeɛd lweqt n usgiǧǧi ɣer tmurtn Babilun, Yixunya yeǧǧa-d Calatyel ; Calatyel yeǧǧa-d Zurubabil .
13 Zurubabil yeǧǧa-d Abihud. Abihud yeǧǧa-d Ilyaqim ; Ilyaqim yeǧǧa-d Ɛazuṛ ;
14 Ɛazuṛ yeǧǧa-d Saduq ; Saduq yeǧǧa-d Yaxin ; Yaxin yeǧǧa-d Ilihud.
15 Ilhud yeǧǧa-d Ilɛazaṛ ; Ilɛazaṛ yeǧǧa-d Mattan ; Mattan yeǧǧa-d Yeɛqub.
16 Yeɛqub yeǧǧa-d Yusef, d Yusef agi i d argaz n Meryem i d-yeǧǧan Sidna Ɛisa i gețțusemman Lmasiḥ*.
17 Si lweqt n Sidna Ibṛahim * armi d lweqt n Sidna Dawed, * ɛeddan ṛbeɛṭac n leǧyal. Ɛeddan daɣen ṛbeɛṭac n leǧyal si lweqt n Sidna Dawed armi d lweqt n usgiǧǧi ɣer tmurt n Babilun. Si lweqt-agi n usgiǧǧi armi d lweqt n Lmasiḥ * ɛeddan daɣen ṛbeɛṭac n leǧyal.
Talalit n Sidna Ɛisa
( Lq 2. 1-21 )
18 Atan wamek i d-ilul Sidna Ɛisa : yemma-s Meryem tella tețwaxḍeb i yiwen wergaz ițțusemman Yusef. S tezmert n Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen, * terfed s tadist uqbel aț-țeddu ț-țislit.
19 Yusef axḍib-is, yellan d argaz n ṣṣwab, ur yebɣi ara a ț-țicemmet, dɣa yeqsed ad imsefṛaq yid-es s tuffra.
20 Akken yețxemmim i waya, yers-ed ɣuṛ-es lmelk* n Ṛebbi di targit yenna-yas : A Yusef ! A mmi-s n Dawed ! Ur țțaggad ara aț-țesɛuḍ Meryem ț-țameṭṭut-ik, axaṭer llufan yellan di tɛebbuṭ-is, yusa-yas-d s Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen*.
21 A d-tesɛu aqcic, a s-tsemmiḍ Ɛisa, * axaṭer d nețța ara iselken lumma-s si ddnubat-nsen.
22 Ayagi akk yedṛa iwakken ad ițwakemmel wayen i d-yenna Sidi Ṛebbi seg imi n nnbi Iceɛya * :
23 Ațan tɛezrit aț-țerfed tadist, a d-tesɛu aqcic ad ițțusemmi Imanuwil yeɛni :« Ṛebbi yid-nneɣ.»
24 Mi i d-yuki Yusef, ixdem ayen i s-d-yenna lmelk* n Sidi Ṛebbi, yeqbel Meryem aț-țili ț-țameṭṭut-is ; yewwi-ț-id ɣer wexxam-is.
25 Meɛna ur ț-innul ara armi i d-tesɛa mmi-s iwumi isemma Ɛisa. Imusnawen di Bitelḥem

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Yedder s tmagit, yemmut fell-as. Yeɛreḍ ad yili d asfel ara d-ijemɛen iceqfan yeftutsen n ucbayli amaziɣ/aqbayli, maca yugar ‘’ucerrig tafawet’’. Mi akken yerreẓ ucayli, tenɣel zzit ɣer lqaɛa : Kra nnan ‘’Acbayli, yerreẓ, zzit, tɛelleq’’ ; kra nnan ‘’Ma neǧǧa-tt, tɣaḍaɣ, ma nerfed-itt, tumes’’ ; wiyaḍ bɣan acbayli amaynut. Yal wa, yefka lḥeqq i yiman-is, urǧin gren tama i wayen i ilaqen.
Rachid Alliche, yettwali ayen ilaqen, ur d-yecligg ma yesɛa lḥeqq neɣ ala. Yettwali imal n tutlayt-is, yebɣa ad tt-id-yessuffeɣ seg tatut, seg timawit ɣer tira. Yettuneḥsab d aneggal wis sin n teqbaylit (tamaziɣt s umata), s wungal-is Asfel, mbeɛd Belaid Ait Ali, s wungal Lwali n uudrar. Am wakken i yella diɣ gar yiselmaden n tmaziɣt, ɣer tama n Kamel Bouamara d Allaoua Rabehi, i d-yellan i lmendad n tannant n usileɣ/aselmed i terbaɛt tamezwarut n yiselmaden n tmaziɣt n uɣerbaz azzayri i d-yeḍran deg Ben Aknoun, deg useggas n 1995. D timlilit i d-ihegga Useqqamu unnig n timmuzɣa mbeɛd amtawa i d-yellan ass n, 22 deg yebrir 1995, gar Umussu adelsan MCB akked udabu azzayri ɣef unekcum n tmaziɣt deg yiɣerbazen i useggas aɣurbiz 1995/1996.
Seg timawit ɣer tira
Xas ulamma yelmed kra kan timsirin n tmaziɣt ɣer Mulud Mɛemmri, maca ikemmel anadi i yiman-is. Am wakken i ikemmel amennuɣ ɣef yidles-is akked tutlayt-is s ttawilat i as-yettunefken deg umecwar n tudert-is. Akka dɣa, i d-yerra ddehn-is ɣer uḥric-agi n unaqel n timawit ɣer tira s wungal-is amezwaru Asfel (1981) i yettuneḥsaben d ungal wis sin deg tsekla tamaziɣt s umata mbeɛd Lwali n udrar n Balaid Ait Ali. Asfel, d ameǧǧed ɣef yiceqfan yemzerwaɛen deg yal tama. Xas ulamma yeɣra tafizikt deg tazwara deg tesdawit n Lezzayer, meɛna yemmal aṭas ɣer tsekla anda i yettaf iman-is. Akka dɣa i d-yewwi agerdas n DEUG n tsekla deg Lyon-2, deg tmurt n Fransa.
Seg Asfel ɣer Faffa
Deg useggas 1986, yuɣal-d s wungal-nniḍen iwumi yefka azwel Faffa, d asemẓi neɣ ahat d acemmet n wawal Fransa. D ungal anda i d-yessenṭeq tlata n yiwudam : Ilemẓi, aderwic d umɣar azemni. Zyada ɣef tira, yelha-d Rachid Alliche deg usedwel n tsuta i d-yettnekkaren. Akka dɣa i d-yettheggi tidwilin i warrac imecṭaḥ deg rradyu taɣelnawt tis snat. D timlilit n ccna, idles akked tutlayt n warrac imecṭaḥ i ilemden ladɣa tameslayt taqbaylit. Dinna, dɣa, i d-yekker u yelmed taqbaylit ucennay ameqqran n tura Mohand Allaoua. ‘’D Rachid Alliche i yi-yeslemden ccna akked tutlayt’’, i iḥemmel ad d-yesmekti Mohand Allaoua deg yal tagnit. Seg tama n tejmilin, aṭas n tddukkliwin i t-id-yettmektayen sya ɣer da.
Arraz ‘’Ungal ifazen’’ Rachid Alliche
Ula d tisbeddit takanadit Tiregwa, tettheggi-d, yal aseggas, timsizzelt taseklant iwumi tefka isem Ungal ifazen Rachid Alliche. Acu kan, ixus maḍi leqdic asdawan ɣef tira-ines. Gar wayen yura, ad naf Asfel, Faffa, Tasinfunit (tamezgunt), Amnir n tmaziɣt, Imagraden ɣef tesɣent taseklant deg tɣamsa (La Nouvelle République, Liberté…), Tasfift n yiḍrisen n usedwel s ccna, Ammud n yiḍrisen i warrac imecṭaḥ… i usmekti, ilul Rachid Alliche ass n, 7 deg yebrir 1953 deg Wat Dwala, yemmut ass n, 18 deg meɣres 2008 deg tmanaɣt. Yemḍel deg taddart-is, Tagemmunt Ɛezzuz.
Hocine Moula


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Ivy League
Ivy League d tagrawt n 8 seg tesdawiyin timeqranin akk n ugafa-agmuḍan (nord-est) n Yiwunak Yeddukklen. Ti d tisdawiyin n Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, Pennsylvania akked Yale. Tisdawiyin-a mechuṛit s weswir-nsent aɛlayan yerna amur ameqran seg wid ay yeqqaren deg-sent d arraw n yimeṛkantiyen imeqranen.
Ayɣer qqaren-iten Ivy League[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tagrawt-a n Ivy League d nettat ay d-yelhan s usseddu n temsizzliyin n waddal ay ttgen yinelmaden n tesdawiyin-a (ama d irgazen, ama d tisednan). Tagrawt-a tennulfa-d deg 1954.


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Ussan-d si tmura anda illa cwal d ttrad. Si Afganistan, si Surya, si Lâiraq, si Congo, si Eritrea, si Libya, s Tunes, si Ssudan, ternuḍ. Macci d yiwet ad tt id nevder.
Aseggass agi kan ussan ugar n 75000 ar Lesbos, yiwet si tegzirin n tmurt n Iegrik. Kos, tagzirt nniḍen, tsettef daYen u vdan acceqlel d umarẓi d iYalen n laman. Ttasen ar tegzirin agi tigrikiyin si tmurt n Ṭṭurk.
Ar Lempeduza diYen, tamurt n Ṭelyan, d tiwinas kan akken. Ar din si Tunes d Libya iccuren tiflukin. Lḥasun agrakal icca macci yiwen gar wid ur nessaweḍ ara. Aṭas seg wid ur nessaweḍ inYan wid ixelsen ad ten sâeddin. Tikwal nesla d tiwaculin akya s lufanat iḍegren ar waman, i yilel, i iselman.
Mi ara awḍen ar Turuft, wid ittawḍen d imudduren, imi ma ur ssutren ara arazuY asertan (akken ad izmiren imsulṭa n tmurt aten id agin) yiwen ur izmir ad ten yerr ar tmura nsen. Igrikiyen ulac adrim tineggura yagi, diYen netta uqmen asen ttawil amek ara ṭṭfen avrid ar Turuft am Llalman, Fransa d Llegliz. Awidukan ad fYen si tmurt nsen imi mi iten fkant tlisa akk-in aYilif ad yuYal macci nsen. Ad yuYal n wayeḍ u d netta ara t irefden.
Ṭaqa seg iminigen agi imaynuten, ugar n uzgen seg sen, ad tenin assa di Fransa d Llalman d tmurt n Swid.
Maca acḥal i umi izemrent ad arnunt tmura agi imi tiflukin d lembbaver ara d-ttawḍen ar tura. Amek ara asen xedmen? Sani ara ten erren? Turuft terwwi tt trebbawt amek ar afen iminigen n tmara msakit amahil? Dacu ara ccen? Amek ara dawin iman nsen?
Ulac tifrat fessusen! Aṭas n tid iâarḍen di Turuft yiwet ur tecci ara! Tin ahat ara iccen am tin tga Ustralya? Tzerrev ayla-s imi tesved taâessast s lembbaver u tugi asen anekcum ar tmurt is. Tesved anda ara ssutren arazuY asertan di tegzirin is d-izzin. Temtawa diYen d Kambodya as ttaken izruzaY yugaden Yef tudart nsen di tmura nsen. Akka teṣṣer iten nutni teṣṣer iman is. Maca nutni, iminigen n tmara, d Ustralya ivYan macci d tamurt illan di talwit.
Tura imi macci d yiwen deg sen, vdan ḥemmun iqerray: Igliziyen simmal ara ttâassan agennari n La Manche, Hungaria tzerrev tilisa n tmurt is, Llalman diYen tevda tettnazaâ u tevYa ad tzerrev ula d nettat tilisa as.
Maca imi ulamek ar ten qqarâen, ar asen agin anekcum ar Turuft issefk ad ten âiwnen cwiṭ. Ilaq ad ten âiwnen maca di tmura nsen akken ad qqimen din. I tmura n anda illa ttrad amek? Asuter n urazuY asertan di tmura nsen akken d wid yuklalen kan ara d-ikecmen macci d ayen fessusen di tmura n ttrad. Ma wid ittnadin amahil, imi d aYrum i Yef ttnadin ad kecmen ad kecmen. Yiwen ur izmir ad yerr zzarv i win illuẓen.
Akka ihi tayeffust taqurant ara tesglaf di tmura n Turuft. Illa wanida i terra ad ten teqqerqer. Maca ula d wid ur nqessiḥ ara am izelmaḍen, imi zgan ttnarnin iminigen gar asen, vdan ara as qqaren ilaq ad afen iduva ttawil amek ara ten ḥevsen.
Tezmer twaYit agi a tesdegdeg tadukli Turufit ugar n twaYit tudmist?


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TAMURT TAQVAYLIT (SIWEL) — Tameddit wass-a di teɣdemt tamhersant di Drae Lmizan di Tizi wezzu eeddan 05 imeɣnasen n tmurt Taqvaylit i yettwaṭfen ussan ieeddan sɣur ijerdarmiyen n tmurt lezzayer anda amzarfu n tmurt tamhersant yeḥkem fell-asen ad qqimen deg lḥevs leeḍil. Imeɣnasen gar-asen yella:
- Bueziz At Cebib
- Ḥusin Ɛazem
- Hemmu At Bumedyen
- Busae Baca
- Beleid Ɛmer Xuǧa.
Adavu amesvaṭli, ieewel-d ɣef yiqvayliyen akken yebɣu yili uxemmem-is; aneggaru, d Nurdin At Ḥemmuda akken i d-yeffeɣ yisali akka tura, ieedda ula d netta di crae di Lezzayer tamanaɣt, amzarfu yeḥkem fell-as daɣen ad yeqqim di lḥevs leeḍil.
Taluft « aqvayli ur d-yettggray » ( l’opération kabyle) iseqdac udavu taggara-yi tettimɣur deg wannar di tmurt Taqvaylit. Aɣref aqvayli ma yessusem ad yettwamḥu deg wakal-is. Taluft-ayi d taluft n yiseɣ i yal taqvaylit d uqvayli.
SIWEL 272135 JUI 21


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Mark Twain,s yisem-is aḥeqqani Samuel Langhorne Clemens, d amyaru amarikan, yella daɣen d amsaran, ilul ass n n 30 deg duǧember 1835 di Florida i d-yezgan di Missouri (Iwunak yedduklen), yemmut ass 21 deg yebrir 1910 di Redding. Yettwaḥsab d yiwen gar imyura meqqren n tutlayt taglizit n lqern wis IX.
Deg tutert-is, yebda-tt-id d asedas, yuɣal d amziggez, syin yegra-d d aneɣmas ɣur wat lminat n Nevada. Ma deg tira yettwassen tazwara s wungal-is i ibudd i imecṭaḥ : Icaliyen Tom Sawyer (1876)akked d wayeḍ iss i yettkemmil, Icaliyen n de Huckleberry Finn (1885). Isental-is ideg yeqwa usaran d usqecmeɛ, ttawin-d s tuget ɣef tmetti tamarikant n wenẓul d umalu i d-yeglem akken ilaq deg iḍrisen-is, imi din i d-yekker. Iḥekku-d s umata ɣef ayen i d-yettmagar deg isiklen-is, maca yessenqed daɣen tikli n yemdanen d kra yettwaɣen deg-s.


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Aɣilas n wedfel
Aɣilas n wedfel (Assaɣ ussnan: Panthera uncia) d talmest meqqren n tserɣuda yettidiren deg izurar n idurar deg Asya talemmast d uneẓul
Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama tessismil talmest-a d akken-it d talmest yettwaggzen s umihi n wengar acku izrawen n useggas n 2003 sseknen-d d akken amdan n tegdudin yettidiren deg umadal yewweṭ gar 4080 d 6590 n iɣilasen, maca anagar n 2500 degsen iy zemren kan ad mmirclen w ad myarawen
TamezduɣtẒreg
Aɣilas n wedfel yettidir deg yidgan imsedraren deg wadduden gar n 3000 d 4500 m maca deg tamezduɣt-is tagafant tezmer ad ttidir deg wadduden s ddaw n wannect-a maca tettadr-d ar wadduden iddayen acku din i llan-t tgemrawin-is am umarxuṛ d utar d igtal d umaɣaṭ d izerzer d kra n telmas n iɣersiwen imegruden am uyak d iserdyan
AsismelẒreg
AglamẒreg
Tiddi d teɣzi n uɣilas n wedfel d tin yellan s ddaw n tserɣuda timeqranin n iden, yettaznen gar n 27 ar 55 kg ma d iwetmen imeqranen zemren ad iwṭen ar 77 kg maca Tiwetmin meẓẓiyen yezmer ad yader wazuk-nsent ar 25 kg kan, Teɣzi-ynes seg yiri n uqerru (anzaren) ar yiri n usallaf yettili gar 75 ar 130 cm acku asallaf-isɣezzif s waṭas yettawaṭ s iman-is seg 80 cm ar 100 cm, Addud-is ar tuyat 60 cm


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Yessefk ad yili umciweṛ d usemyuddes d Zzayer deg wayen yerzan iweẓla ilibiyen d temnaḍtAsimwas, 17 Ctembeṛ 2021 12:10
ZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Iḥettet-d unmazul n uselway n Useqqamu Aselwayan Alibi, Moussa al-Kouni, ass n ukwas, ɣef wanaḍ n « umciweṛ d usemyuddes imezgi d Zzayer » deg wayen yerzan akk iweẓla yerzan Libya d temnaḍt.
Yesselwi Benabderrahmane yiwet n temlilit n unabaḍ yerzan mennaw n yigzumenAsamas, 12 Ctembeṛ 2021 15:27
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Aneɣlaf Amenzu, aneɣlaf n Tiẓraf, Aïmene Benabderrahmane yesselwi, ass n Usiḍyas (ssebt) deg Lezzayer tamaneɣt, yiwet n temlilit n Unabaḍ i rzan i yigzumen n Teɣdemt, n Tnezzut, n Tfellaḥt, n Tnezduɣt akked Tdamsa n Tmussni akked teṛmisin n Tesnatwilin timaynutin, i d-yenna yiwen n ulɣu n yimeẓla n uneɣlaf Amenzu, hat-tt-an tukkist seg-s :
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Wp/shi/Tasnamunt
Tasnamunt nɣ Tasnametti nɣ Tasenmettit ( s Tasrɣint : علم الاجتماع) (s(e)n + amun, s tmerniwt n tmatart tawetmant t(...)t) neɣ tasosiologt tga-tt tezrawt n wamun d manik s ar ttmussun medden ɣ ugens n tegrawin. Wida ittsalan tasosiologit isem-asen imesnamunn.
Tuckad Taguri n Tasnamunt nɣ Tasnametti seg taguri n Amun nɣ Timetti (s Taɛrabt : مجتمع, s Tafransist : Société) .
imyaggaten inamunn
Nufa ad nebḍu tasosiologt f sin iswalaten igejdann.
Ar issisin urezzu anamun imsertiten,
Amezruy
Tazrawt n ayelli mi nettini amunn tezwar-d s menck asnulfu n tguri-ad n "tasosiologt".


text:
Tadanict
Tadanict (isem aneṣli : Dansk) d yiwet tutlayt tagermanikt i meslayen di tmura n Danmark, ugafa n Lalman ed wenẓul n Sswid ed tegzirt n Grönland. Meslayen-tt azal n 5.200.000 n yemdanen deg Danmark (5.100.000), Lalman (50.000) ed Sswid. D tutlayt tunṣibt n tgelda n Danmark ed tama ugafa n Lalman (deg uland n Schleswig-Holstein)ed Grönland aked Tinwit.
Amzeruy[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Amezruy n tutlayt adanict tebda deg sin n wakuden: tin n tadanict taqburt (seg lqern wis 13 ar lqern wis 16) d win n tadanict tatrart (si lqern 16 ar ass-a). Tutlayt-agi tebda tettwari di lqern wis 13. Talmanit tebda tettaɣ deg-s seg uwettay alemmas.
Ak tikli n umezruy, Danmark texṣar aṭas n wakal-nnes. Skanen, i tella deg tama wenẓulan n Sswid, tella si lebda d tadanict, maca di 1658, tekkes-tt Sswid. Aḥewwes-a izzuɣar ar uḥewwes aseklan d ilsawan imɣaren, alemma tura, tadanict tadigant, ur ɣur-es iqqim usqari ula d umsawaḍ ak iles asmagnu n Danmark. Tettwḥsab d yiwet tantala niḍen seg wawalen n Sswid. Ula d tutlayin ammen it-teḥṣaben. Ɣur-es iteqqnen arwas gar tadanict d taswidit. Imezdaɣ n temnaṭ-nni ur ɣar-sen iqqim laṣel adanic.
Tadanict tella deg-es kraḍ (3) n tantalwin : tutrimt, talemmast d tunegmuṭ (anda iccden tilisa aked Sswid). Maca ass-a, tantalawin-a ttmettan, teqqim kan yiwet.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). d dani1285 "Tadanict" Check
|chapterurl=value (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.


text:
Wagi d aḥric wis-kuz, aneggaru, umegrad-agi ɣef Umerri. Ma illa ur teɣrim ara aḥric amenzu tzemrem ad teɣrem da: Umerri Assaḍ Agawa. Wis-sin atan da: Yuɣal Ḥmed d Umerri. Wis-qrad daɣen ata dagi: Taɣdemt Umerri.
Qqimen di 4 di tYarYart, Yef tyeggirin, zzin-d i tarbut n seksu d waftaten n uksum irsen Yef ugartil. Iqḍa-d inefq-ed Aâli imi iâareḍ-ed imeddukal-is. Tarbaât Umerri d Muḥ Aṛezqi di sin, netta d âaemmi-s di sin. Tetten, ttnecraḥen, ttaḍsan. Yak d imeddukal. IYli-d laman gar-asen. Ur d-illi usurdu, ur d-illi ccek. D tagmatt. D tadukli Yef tgella d lemleḥ. Maca Aâli izga itett Umerri s nqar n tiṭ. Amzun ittalas-as-tt. Amzun iceggeḍ-it kra. Netta tuY-it yunditt netta d âemmi-s. Ksan-d tundar yiwet yiwet, almi d-ssawḍen Umerri Yer txenfuct ubeckid nsen di tesga n uxxam nsen.
Umerri ur yuki d nda mi itekkat. Ur yuksan, d netta d umeddakul-is tuYiten di nnican, gar tYunam n tmegwḥelt n Aâli. Aâli Wasel, n Iâezzunen, d ameddakul-is iḍelli, d amedddakul-is assa. Ur d-yelli wayen ara a t-ikukru. Γur-s, am akken ur ḍrint. Âait eait. Wanag, urjjin isrussuy tamegwḥelt-is ar tmurt. Tezga ar yidis-is, Yef udem ufus akken mi tt-iḥwajj ad tt-iddem imiren imiren.
Azal ttaken Iqbayliyen n imiren i tmegwḥelt am win ittaken i tlawin nsen: ur ittnuz ur irehhen!
Assen, isers-itt, isenned-itt ar udekkan di teYmert. Ur d-lli ara Yef udem ufus-is. Mi inuda fell-as, yuYit ismar-as Aâli macci d yiwet n tarsast. Isḍarḍeq-as ibardiyen-is am netta am umeddakul-is. TeffeY swa swa akken i tt-undin. Wa iqqar d Aâli i itekkan Yef znad wa iqqar d âemmi-s. Ama d wa ama d wihin, Umerri yuYal d aquran di tYerYert. Icca-t waldun di tesga n ṭṭlam. Izirig ileddayen yuzel Yef tamart-is. Immut. Si tiremt-nni d afella, tensa tafat n Umerri. Iquc usirem id-irra i watas n medden. D ayen d tagara.
Xas akken, ikmumes amzun d aqejmur, d ajdar, Yef udem-is issaY-d yiseY. Ittban-d amzun immut s tfenṭazit neY am akken ur ibni fell-as. Timi-s tekres amzun ur yuḥtam ara ayen iḍran yid-s. D aya ihi i Yef Aâli d âemmi-s ufan ulamek ara as-anfen akken. Ksen-as ula d talaba ines zeddigen, selsen as tayeḍ yumsen, ixnunsen. SsufYen-t seg uxxam u ewwin-t ar iYzer akken ad ssidren seg azal-is. LadYa dina is-gan tafuṭuttt-nni id-iqqimen ar medden d tirni. Seg-s issenned Yef tezṛutt amzun illa win i t-issarsen. Ur d-iban ara deg-s am win iYlin, am win icca waldun.
Ihi ula di tmettant rran ad t-ssimsen. Dagi akw i t-ttwaY. Acku caḍen, ttḥarqen. Am akken tamgarḍt-is ur asen-teccur ara tiṭ.
Imi Umerri yuYal i Iṛumyen d iqeddacen nsen d jenjar i tiṭ, d aṛejjaq di tgerjumt, llant-ed deqs n temliliyin fell-as. Lkumanda n Tizi Wezzu, ccambitat, lqayed, d iḥerkiyen nniḍen akw i tezzin fell-asen u ternuḍ-as s ufell-a kra n win i wumi ifka tiyita akken ad t-id yerr s abrid. Myal tikkelt, ad as-sennin kra illan gar wallen nsen nutni d ayen n dir, d ayen ifYen i ibardan. Kra n wanida d-tella tukarda, kra n wanida id-illa imenYi ad t-aebbin Yef uqerruy Umerri. Xas akken, Umerri izdeY deg ulawen n medden u yiwen ur ifki deg-s afus.
Macci d tikkelt tura i iḥeccem Umerri imsulṭa-agi umaḥras, i ten-id isban d iqwrar imi ur as-zmiren ara. Ur as-ttawḍen ara ula ar ugarz. Mâebbaren d tikti n tuṭfas macci d tikelt u tagara ur d-iffeY kra syin imi imezdaY n tmurt llan-d ar tama Umerri. Ansi is-kkan Iṛumyen d ixemmasen nsen, netta s ufus n medden, ad yekk ansi nniḍen. Isban-iten-id d wid ur as-nezmir d netta urjjin iḥbes acemmet deg-sen imi izga ucaqur ines n teYdemt ittqeddir.
Tusa-d tikti i lkumanda amek ara tsekertfen. Ẓran akken ad as-awḍen ilaq asen ubrid n laman:yiwen seg imeddukal-is. Ilaq as-sbedden. Maca anwa seg-sen? Amek ara t-qenâen ad ibxes u ad ifek afus deg Umerri illan imiren d assaḍ gar wallen n medden d tirni?
Refden sarsen ufan-d ilaq ad t-smarkin netta d yiwen seg imeddukal-is. Akken ad yilli usemmarki ilaq ad afen taYwsa ur izmir umeddakul-is ad isemmaḥ. Ilaq asen ad afen kra uxeclaw ur izmir as yanef Uqbayli ad iâeddi. Ilaq kra d amuqran, ara yawḍen i umdan ar tamart-is, ar isseY-is, ar nnnif-is. Ayen ara t-icemten gar medden ma ur d-erri ara ttar. Am tamgarḍt, neY tuksa n sser.
Xemmem as diYen aṭas u gezmen di rray d akken zemren ad qqenâen yiwen seg imeddukal-is ma illa sbaben-as agejdur, ma illa gren-d tameṭṭut-is ar taḥsirt xas akken ur tuksan ara. Akka ihi ssalin tasraft, fernen Aâli imi d ameddakul amuqran n Umerri yerna tella-d Yur-s tmeṭṭut tecbeḥ nezzeh, akken d-nnan. Gren fell-as meskint ayen ur texdim.
Ewwin-t ihi ar Tizi Wezzu Yef tqacuct iqerray nsen. Azal n 3 ussan d wuḍan i teṭfen Yur-sen akken ad tessimnen. DYa rwin-as aqerruy-is akken iwata. Ssawḍen ihi almi iten yumen d akken Umerri ikcem-as s axxam u kkes sser Yef tmeṭṭut-is. Netta anect-a yak ur d-illi maca di tegwnitt am tinna, ibundel Aâli . IdderYel. YuYal ittwali kan amek ara ineY Umerri acku mawel ad ssufYen awal ar taddart u as ittwagdel wawal gar yergazen. Akka i tella imiren. IsseY d nnif am tamgarḍt. Ma illa iffeY-d wawal macci d ayen fessusen ad tesfehmeḍ i medden d tikarkas. LadYa ladYa ma Yef tmeṭṭut imi kra illan d isseY n twacult, itti Yef uqerruy-s nettat yerna ur tezmir ad tenni kra.
IffeY-d Aâli syin u deg uqerruy-is tban tikli: ad ineY Umerri, ad yerr ttar akken i wata. Ifra ssuq, tenza sselâa. Immeslay d âemmi-s imi tamsalt tâna akw tawacult-is. Emtawan amek ara t-ksen si tudart imi yuYal-asen d ugur, d ayen iten ssarxan gar medden.
Bernen Iṛumyuen d iqeddacen nsen ihi Aâli almi yuYal irra iman-is d qebbaḍ lerwaḥ am winna n tmucuha. Win n tmucuha meqqar ittass ar win i wumi teccur, ma d Aâli iccur-itt i Umerri.
Akka ihi is-ihegga imensi. Yir imensi. Win n uYurru. Yiwen ur yuksan wayeḍ ur yuklal. Umerri ur ixdem kra, Aâli Wasel seccen-t, ccuren-as taqerruyt d tmelYiYt almi ulamek ara yidir ma illa idder Umerri. Ṛzag-it wussan skud idder Umerri. Ufan-as abrid. Deg ussegwass n 1947. Di furar. Ass wis 16. Deg Iâezzunen. Swa-swa ass-mi id-issali Krim Belqasem tarbaât-is OS yulin s adrar send 1954. Yak mlalen netta d Umerri akken ad dduklen mgal amaḥras maca ur umtawan ara, ur zgin ara Yef yiwet n tmuYli. Maca ar assa ur neẓri ara amek id-teḍra gar-asen neY wisen ayen ur dduklen ara.
IffeY yir awal d usali n wayen iḍran d Umerri u yuY akw timnaḍin n tmurt n Iqbayliyen d tin n Llezzayer d Fransa. René Leiber n uYmis Le Journal d’Alger, yuli-d ar Tizi Wezzu u yura amagrad Yef Umerri d tagara n “txidas, war-laman d yir sekka” di tmurt n Uzwaw. L’Écho d’Alger diYen yura ayendin si yennayer ar furar 1947 Yef Umerri d tarbaât-is.
Tamettant n Umerri wa tesrut, wa isfenxer kan. Wa irgem-it wa iwwi-t-id d asefru. Xarttum ar ṭaqa n Iqbayliyen, Umerri ad iqqim i lebda.
M.A.U


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Aṭas n tudrin i d-yejjamaɛen idrimen i yimuḍan i wakken ad dawin, ladɣa i wid iwumi ilaq udawi deg tmura n berra. Ayendin d amuḍin i yeḥlan, uɣalen s tezmert-nsen ɣer twacult-nsen imi i d-tella tcemlit n unejmuɛ n yidrimen deg tuddar. Tacemlit-a, dɣa, ha-tt-an tebda, ddurt-a, deg taddart n Tala Ɛetman, taɣiwant n Tizi Uzzu. Mbeɛd mi d-yessuter yiwen yilemẓi afus n tallelt deg taddart i wakken ad ɛiwnen yemma-s ad tdawi deg Fransa, nnejmaɛen yimezdaɣ n taddart n Tala Ɛetman u fran-tt deg rray-nsen i wakken ad as-gen irebbi i usuter-agi. Ihi, xedmen taseqqamut i tiddin n tcemlit n unejmuɛ n yidrimen i yebdan leqdic-is ass-nni n lǧemɛa, 26-02-2021, tameddit.
Ad tkemmel tcemlit alamma yewweḍ wazal n yidrimen ara teḥwiǧ tmuḍint-a. Tezzin yilmeẓyen i d-yejjamaɛen idrimen ɣef tudrin akked temdinin n lwilaya n Tizi Uzzu. Ttruḥun ṣbeḥ zik, yal wa s amekkan i t-yeɛnan : ad iruḥ anda i t-tjerred tesseqamut n tiddin n tigawt. Syin, mi d-uɣalen wid i d-ijemɛen idrimen, ad ten-teḥseb tesseqamut u ad d-tefk leḥsab n wass-nni. Seg tama-nniḍen, yettili-uheggi n trubbuyaɛ ara yeffɣen azekka-nni daɣen. Ad awin yid-sen tibewwaḍin n unejmuɛ n yidrimen i wakken ad bdun tigawt-nsen srid azekka-nni ṣbeḥ. Ayen yessefraḥen u yettaken afud ameqqran, d lebɣi akked tebɣest i yesɛan yilmeẓyen ɣer tigawt-a : s lḥir i ttraǧun ass i deg-i ara fɣen s annar i wakken ad d-jemɛen idrimen i tmuḍint-agi n taddart-nsen.
Ttbanen-d yiḥulfan-nsen deg umeslay-nsen alamma tɣelliḍ d nutni i d imuḍan. Aya akk, yettak afud ameqqran i yimezdaɣ n Tala Ɛetman imi ilaq fell-asen ad d-jmɛen qrib amelyar n yisentimen. Acu kan, aya mačči d ugur imi ass amezwaru kan, jemɛen-d 60 n yimelyan n yisentimen. Ma ɣef lehlak n tmuḍint, u ɣef leḥsab n lekwaɣeḍ n yimejjawen, tameṭṭut-a, mmuten-as tgeẓẓal-is i snat, syin tuɣal ur tettwali ara. Ihi, ilaq-as udawi deg tmurt n Fransa.
Hocine Moula


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Isrusa Xalid Muriɣ (Khalid Mourigh) tḥajit n baba-s ameqqran deg isatalen imezruyanen d inamunen. Yettɛawad, itterra-dd ca n tmeslayin i yemsarent deg umezruy di Lmuɣrib, Spaniya, Biljik d Hulanda. Ittfekkar-dd la d lḥal i di ttuɣa xeddmen di fabrikat timeqqranin i ttuɣa yellant di Hulanda, lux wer qqiment alaḥal. Mamec i dd-immal mamec ttuɣa txezzer dddewla n Hulanda ɣer imenneɛraq.
Wami i dd-iwweḍ uḥudri Arifi Ɛali ɣer Luik?, tamdint Tabiljikit ismḍen, ajenna-nnes ila yedla x-as ddexxan n ikariyaren n lefḥem i yudsen. Ila alaḥal wer qqiment ttmenyat di jjib. Zegga i yewca n ijen uzgen d ameqqran zi min iɛlem i yij n bu ṭṭaksi i t-id-iwyen zi paraḍa n macina ḥuma ad t-id-tessiweḍ ɣer « Lqessab Muḥemmed ». Mmi-s n tmurt-nnes i tuɣa i das-izwaren ixdem di Biljik.
Ɛali wer yettɣimi ca aṭṭas di Biljik, imezran-nnes a t-awiyen ɣer Hulanda, iggur ad din yaweḍ deg useggas n 1964. Qbel s ca n iseggusa wami ɣa bdan ixeddamen Irifiyen ttakk°aḍen-dd s waṭṭas ɣer tmurt-a Tawruppawit. Atlaɛ-a min xef tbedd lḥukuma n Hulanda, ḥuma ixeddamen-a ad xedmen di fabrikat, ad ɛawden ad bnan Hulanda i ttuɣa tineddam-nnes reddjent di girra tis tnayen.
Ittɛawad ayyaw n Ɛali, Xalid Muriɣ amari Ahulandi, tiḥuja n baba-s ameqqran deg ij n udlis i dd-yeffɣen yalleh mamec ɛad s Thulandit, yegga-as i yisem « Anewji zeg idurar n Arrif ». Amari-ya ttuɣa izemmem i waṭṭas n iseggusa iktayen n baba-s ameqqran x sintat. Qqiment ɣer-s sintat-nni waxxa baba-s ameqqran yemmut ca n iseggusa zeg wami, ḥuma a ɣer-sent idwel, a x-asent ibna ad zzag-sent yari adlis-a amaynu.
Arrif
Adlis maci ibedda-dd s wawaḍ n Ɛali ɣer Uruppa, maca ittɛawad deg umezwaru tudert deg idurar n Arrif mamec i tella. Mani iwdan ttuɣa ttsufran maḥend ad ɛicen, ddcar mani ilul Ɛali wer dag-s bu ssekwila, lexdayem alaḥal walu, tirja n iḥudriyen Irifiyen ad ksin deg uḍar-nnsen ɣer tneddam niɣ ɣer tmura i dasen-yudsen niɣ i yegg°jen ḥuma ad din xedmen, ad ɛawnen lwacunat-nnsen.
Ɛali wer yerḍi ca x min das-yunuḍen amenni, d netta mamec i d-ikker ɛad ibda ittxarres ad iffeɣ zi ddcar-nnes, maḥend ad iraḥ ɣer Ledzayer i das-yudsen maḥend a din ixdem. Ssigg°jen-t-id senni, deg umeggaru n iseggusa n xemsin, ad yexdem aked leɛesker Aspanyu i ttuɣa itteggen appules i Irifiyen.
Waxxa ttuɣa ɣer-s 28 iseggusa, imlec, yuru tnayen n iḥenjiren di ddcar-nnes, maca waxxa amenni Ɛali igga ad iraḥ ad irzu x ij n lxedmet, tarezzut-nnes ad t-tawi ɣer wul n Uuruppa, ad ikemmel ticli-nnes di Hulanda i di ɣa izdeɣ, a ɣer-s dd-yawi lwacun-nnes.
Tamara d ifeqqusen
Uruppa i ttuɣa yellan deg iseggusa n settin n lqern i yeɛdan uridd am Uruppa n yiḍ-a. Ttuɣa yalleh mamec tesgenfa iyezzimen n girra tamaḍlant tis tnayen. Lexdayem ttuɣa wer llint ca s waṭṭas, ẓẓleḍ igga dag-s ḥala.
Adlis issawal x mamec immutti Ɛali zi lexdayem n ufus iqesḥen i yegga deg iseggusa imezwura di tudert-nnes deg Uuruppa. Netta am waṭṭas n imetlaɛ i wer isbiren ca x taqsuḥi deg ikaryaren n lefḥem i ttuɣa yellan s waṭṭas deg Uruppa xenni, jjin ddegg-nni n lexdayem ad rzun x lexdayem nneɣni.
Maci ɣir manayenni, maca aṭṭas n aytbab n fabrikat ttuɣa ttḥeccen x-asen, ula kṭer lami ufin ina wer ssinen ad ssiwlen s ilsawen n Uruppa, uca ttuɣa ttxellasen-ten s ijen manḍa qell zi tenni i tteṭṭfen aytbab n tmurt niɣ Iwruppawiyen i dd-yusin zeg yeffus n Uruppa. Amek nessen aṭṭas n imetlaɛ zi Spaniya d Iṭaliya geɛɛden ɣer iẓẓelmḍ maḥend ad din xedmen.
Adlis issawal x tudert n kul ass n ixeddamen di lweqt-nni tenni. Mamec sufran iwdan s tweḥdanit d leɣrubiyyet. Azgen-nnsen ameqqran ttuɣa wer ssiwilen tutlayin n Uruppa, imassen n wemsawaḍ ttuɣa wer llin am yiḍ-a. Tamurt manis i dd-usin tuɣa tegg°ej-asen s waṭṭas, maḥend ad din rezfen ixess-asen ad xellsen aṭṭas.
Lxedmet n Ɛali ad tebda ad titif cwayt cwayt. Inni min ɣa ixeddmen ad asen-iɛjeb. Ijjen fabrika i di ttuɣa ixdem ad t-tɛawen maḥend ad dd-yawi tamɣart-nnes d tarwa-nnes ḥima akid-s zedɣen di Hulanda. Manaya ttuɣa yudrus aṭṭas, minzi ttuɣa ttrajan zeg ixeddamen ad ɛeqben manis i dd-usin, ca n fabrikat ttuɣa ttqessasen qaɛ biyyiti zi manḍa n ixeddamen, mala ca n yijjen wer yufi minzi i tt ɣa iqess.
Tiɣri deg umezruy
Isrusa Xalid Muriɣ tḥajit n baba-s ameqqran deg isatalen imezruyanen d inamunen. Yettɛawad, itterra-dd ca n tmeslayin i yemsarent deg umezruy di Lmuɣrib, Spaniya, Biljik d Hulanda. Ittfekkar-dd la lḥal i di ttuɣa xeddmen di fabrikat timeqqranin i ttuɣa yellant di Hulanda, lux wer qqiment alaḥal. Mamec i dd-immal mamec ttuɣa txezzer dddewla n Hulanda ɣer imenneɛraq.
Waxxa Ɛali isafar s ttmenyat-nnes d tzemmar-nnes ɣer Hulanda, iggur ad idwel d ijjen zeg waṭṭas n yenn umi neqqar « sḥab lxarij » deg iseggusa n settin. Imenneɛraq-a ttuɣa xezzren-dd ɣer-sen s tiṭṭ s taneqsit, ddewla n Hulanda wer teggi ca xenni ca n tzemmar maḥend ad rren tudert-nnsen tesbeḥ.
Tamara n lejdud, awal n tarwa
Tamessizwarut n udlis n « anejwi zeg idurar n Arrif » tettrra-aneɣ taynit ɣer mamec i daneɣ-ixess a nefhem amezruy, ad as-nɛawed a t-nɣer maḥend a nefhem yiḍ-a. Ula kṭer di min iqqnen ɣer tarwa n imetlaɛ Irifiyen d wayyawen-nnsen di Hulanda. Ina lebda ssawalen x-asen di 20 iseggusa tameggarut.
Amari, istuɛjub x mamec wer llin ca aṭṭas n idlisen d tɣuriwin i yettɛawaden tiḥuja n imeltaɛ Imeɣrabiyen imezwura ɣer Hulanda. Minzi tiɣuriwin-a ɣa yekksent tduli x tfust n Irifiyen-a i yeggin maḥend ad tili ijen tnukkra d tademsant i tẓerr Hulanda ass-a. Ɛawed ad wcen uddur i yijjen ameknaw Ɛali, aḥudri-nni ixedmen tudert-nnes amen tekmel, igga ijen twacunt d tameqqrant di Hulanda.
Ass-a Xalid Muriɣ ixeddem d aselmad n tesnilest di tesdawit n Leiden di Hulanda. Iɛlem Ph.D di Tmaziɣt n yeɣmiren, mamec ixeddem ula x Tmaziɣt d Teɛrabt n Ihulandiyen i dd-ikkin zi Lmeɣrib. Mamec yura ij n udlis x tjerrumt n Trifit.
Tala: Aljazeera


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Le Rifain
Deg yijjen leḥsab tbedd x-as Reuters, teqqar deg-s belli kter zi 14,38 n yimelyunen n yewdan deg umaḍal amen yekmel i yelqef ubirus n kurun, yemmut zeg-sen 601961 .
Reuters teqqar belli Amarikan d tenni d tamurt i di yegga ɣezzu ubirus n kuruna, d tenni d tamurt i di yenɣa aṭṭas n yewdan. iwḍen al 3,762,081 idsen i yeksin abirus, deg uɣezdis nneɣni, inni yemmuten di tmurt-a iwḍen al 140,474, ɛla ḥsab nnumrawat i dd-tewca tseddawit n Johns Hopkins i yellan d tala deg weḍfer n mecḥal yemmuten d mecḥal ihelken s ubirus n kuruna.
France 24


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Deg ubrazil, aṭṭas n imezdaɣ imezwura ttsufran zi lxezrat i ɣer-sen dd-xezzren. Iḥudriyen-nnsen tteggen tizemmar maḥend ad bedden ddegg-a n lxezrat s usxdem n traccwin tinamunin. Ttexsen ad dd-mmlen min ɛnan ad smunen jar leɛwayed-nnsen d tetrart.
« Lḥukuma trezzu ad aneɣ-tneɣ merra ». D wa d awal i yura ij n uḥudri x ifassen-nnes maḥend ad isɣuy kunṭra i isenfaren n ikaryaren i yellan deg wemkan mani izeddeɣ. Aṭṭas n iḥudriyen n teqbilt n Pataksu i izeddɣen di jjihet n Bahiya deg yeffus uẓelmeḍ n Brazil. Tteggen tizemmar ḥma ad ssiwḍen imesli-nnsen n uɣewweɣ kunṭra i lḥugra i din ttafen imezdaɣ umezwura. X manaya, tisuta tiḥudriyin ḍeffren ca n tebridin d timaynutin bac ad fesren aɣewweɣ d tseqqar-nnsen. Manaya tteggen-t x webrid n tɣemsa d lmidiya.
Ca n iḥudriyen zeg imezdaɣ n Brazil imezwura, tteggen ca n ividyuten x YouTube. Bac ad kksen lferz, ad kksen ɛawed ula d tayyut x tussna-nnsen d wagdud-nnsen. Aṭṭas n midden wer dasen-fehmen ca. Iḥudriyen-a kul ijjen manis, kul ijjen d taqbilt-nnes maca d tizemmar-nnsen i itteggen i ten-ismunan. Mamec ɛawed ttexsen ad saqaren ividyuten i zi ɣa ssiwḍen tibratin-nnsen x webrid n traccwin tinamunin. Iḥudriyen sxeddamen ividyuten bac ad zemmemen tussna d yidles-nnsen ḥma wer ittweḍḍir.
Zeg iḥudriyen-a nettaf Cristiano Waryu, i yettexsen zi tbadut-nnes x YouTube ad igg ca n imursuten n uvidyu immal-dd dag-sen imxumbal i yettafen imezdaɣ imezwura. Waryu isrusa ca n iseqsan x wagdud Abrazili, iseqsan x min ixes ad yini ad tilid zeg imezdaɣ imezwura d mamec i kid-sen ittemsurruf wamun. S uya, ismuttuy-d i yiwdan i t-iḍeffren imxumbal i tteddren nitni kul ass. Ameknaw xmi i ttafen midden ila netta isxeddam ttilifun, uca ttasen-d ttseqsant mamec ca n ijjen zi lizandyan izemmer ad issxdem ttilifun?.
Cristiano Waryo iɣra tussniwin n wemsawaḍ deg ukapital n Brazil. Mamec isselmed ixef-nnes ad ifhem mliḥ ddijital d internet. S usxdem n ca n ikumpyutren i ttuɣa i das-dd-ittawi baba-s. Icuqq abrid-nnes ɣer iprugramen d usujed n ividyuten. Iqqar « Xseɣ ad saqareɣ ca n ividyuten cnin ; manaya i izemmren ad issiweḍ tabrat-inu d tebrat n waṭṭas n midden zeg wamun-nneɣ. Ass-a 35 alef n yiwdan iḍeffren Waryu x YouTube.
Zeg ij n uɣezdis nniḍen, Alis Pataksu tettegg tizemmar-nnes maḥend ad tessiweḍ leɛwayed d tebridt n tudert n wegdud-nnes i Ibraziliyen. S uya tegga ij n usit i manaya, maḥend ad tari x leɛwayed n wegdud-nnes. Kulci manaya tettegg-it s usxdem n Internet d tebridin titiknulujiyin timaynutin.


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Yuzen uneɣlaf Amenzu, i lmend n waya, « s yisem n Uselway n Tegduda, Mass Abdelmadjid Tebboune, isnemmar n unabaḍ n Lezzayer i yiduba unnigen n rrus ɣef uzal fkan i usuter n Lezzayer deg wayen yerzan tiwin n tgezzayt tarusit Spoutnik V, deg ukatar n wussisen n Unabaḍ i umennuɣ mgal n waṭan n Unfafad Bu Tesmert (Covid-19) », i d-yenna uɣbalu-nni.
« Msegzan deg sin yid-sen, i lmend n waya, akken ad cetlen inermisen gar yimeẓla terza temsalt n snat n tmura deg yiwen n yiswi n useḍru n unmireg asindisan deg taɣult n uɣraf n tgezzayt tarusit Spoutnik V deg Lezzayer », i d-yesseddi ulɣu-nni.
Timlilit-a, i d-yeḍran deg Leqṣer n unabaḍ, d tagnit i fuṛsent sin yiḥricen-a « akken ad inin lferḥ-nsen ɣef tɣara n wassaɣen yellan gar Lezzayer akked Rrus akked beqqu n snat n tmura akken ad ten-sǧehden yerna ad tent-smesklen ugar », i d-isegra uɣbalu-nni


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Manaya izemmer ad yili d asitem i usgenfi n udiprisyu. Ca n imerzuten deg Umarikan wwḍen ad afen ij n tebridt d tamaynut i zi ɣa sgenfan ca n imehlak n udiprisyu. Min teɛna tabridt-a n usgenfi ig ittbeddan x ugaz n tḍeḥḥakt ?
Alaḥal ttulut n midden ig ileqqef udiprisyu deg umaḍal. Wer dasen-ittegg walu usafar (ddwa) n udiprisyu xmi ɣa bdan ssessen-t. Maca udarebbi ca n imussnawen wwḍen ad afen afessay i wemxumbel-nni, d manaya tenna tasɣunt n « Forbes » Tamarikant.
Awarni aṭṭas n irimen i yeggin imerzuten di tesdawit n Washington d Chicago deg Umarikan. Tefsar tasɣunt n « Science Mag » lexbar ila ufin ij n ugenfi i udiprisyu. Agenfi-nnes ad ibedd xmi ɣa icemm amehluk n udiprisyu cwayt n ugaz n uksijin d uksid n nitruz. Ameggaru-ya yettwassen s yisem n « ugaz n tḍeḥḥakt ».
Yenna uselmad n tepsikulujit di tesdawit n Washington icerken di tɣuri-ya, Charles Conway. Belli umi xsen ad sgenfan s ddwawat iqdimen, imeggura-ya safi wer qqimen tetten. « S uya ggin tizemmar maḥend ad rzun x tebridin d timaynutin i zi ten ɣa sgenfan ».
Yenna Conway, s temccarkut n Peter Nagele, ila wiyyen ɛecra iseggusa d nitni ttqellaben agaz n uksid n nitruz. S usexdem n ugaz n tḍeḥḥakt. Tasḍma n trezzut tufa deg useggas n 2015 « ila adipurisyu ittmekkas ɣer inni innumen ddwawat-nnes i yufin s ugaz n tḍeḥḥakt» uca xenni bdan ttbeqqcen kṭer deg yiger-a.
Peter Nagele inna ila 55% n imehlak ig icerken di tɣuri-ya « bdan ttgenfan » zeg udiprisyu i ɣer-sen. 40% zzag-sen wer ɣer-sen iqqim qaɛ udiprisyu zegga ksin ddwa-nni ikmel. Maca zeg ij n uɣezdis nniḍen ufin ila agaz-a n uksid n nitruz wer iwwiḍ ad igg walu ɣer ca n imehlak, wer ssinen maɣer.
Taseḍma n trezzut tenna ila ixess-asen ad ggen tizemmar-nneɣni n trezzut d ubeqqec aked imehlak n udiprisyu ḥma ad fehmen mliḥ min ɣa wwḍen zegga ttyarita. Ula kṭer ɣer inni wer iqbilen asafar-nni.


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Mala ttuɣa ɛad wer teffirjed ca di Squid Game, izemmer tili teslid x-as ɣer imeddukal niɣ teɣrid x-as ca n ḥajet.
Zeg wami i das-ḍelqen i useddi-ya di Netflix ca n tnayen n simanat zeg wami; aṭṭas n midden i dag-s ittfurrujen deg umaḍal amen yekmel.
Aseddi-ya Akuri ittirar x ijjen tirart n wen ɣa iqqimen idder. Squid Game idwel ittemḥizwar aked useddi Amirikani Bridgerton x man wen zzag-sen i yewwin aṭṭas n tmeẓra x Netflix.
Xirebbi n imeḍfaren ufin belli qelɛen-dd nnefs i usewwer i das-ggin i useddi-nni d mamec ɛawed smunen jar iwriken (les personnages) i dag-s ittiraren. Aked manaya, inni i x-as ibedden xsen a zzag-s ɣzen di tnefsiyt n bnadem. Merra manaya ijebbed-dd aṭṭas n yewdan ɣer Squid Game zeg umaḍal amen yekmel.
Taɣersiwt deg wazzareg n tiraret
Di Squid Game din 456 n uwrik nnuɣen deg umerwas d lfeclan di dduniyt. Tticen-asen ad awyen ca n 93 melyun dollar mala rebḥen deg ijjen tseddit n setta n tirarin neqqent; maca wenn ɣa ixsren, bbaḥ, ad immet.
Tirarin-a hewnent ; zemmrent ad ilint d tirarin n lebẓaweẓ i ttuɣa ttiraren imḥizwaren di temẓi-nnsen. Imken min dd-ijebbden iwdan ; d ddegg-nni n uxelleṭ jar tirarin n temẓi d mamec bnadem ittegg min ɣer-s d jjehd bac ad yawi tasemɣurt-nni n ttmenyat i ɣa issufɣen bnadem zi tnaɣit n imerwusa.
Iqqar Dong-hyeok amessufeɣ n useddi-ya : « Aɣamar i yetteggen ca n imḥizwaren qeḍɛen layas zi tudert maḥend ad rebḥen deg ijjen umḥizwar n lebẓaweẓ; d manaya i dd-ijebbden iwdan ɣer useddi-ya ».
Irni : « Tirarin hewnent, uca tettafed lxezrat n midden teqqnen ɣer isegbaren (les acteurs) kṭer zi mamec teqqen ɣer mamec ttiraren ».
Din ijjen tmeslayt-nniḍen i dd-jebbden imeẓra, nettat d aẓuyyet ɣer min yeɛdan ; zi manayenni tirart n lḥelwa n Dalguna i yettɛjiben i Ikuriyen, qa ssiwleɣ x-as di texrazt tis tlata n Squid Game.
Di tirart n lḥelwa-nni, kul ijjen zzag-sen ixess-as a dd-ikkes ijj n umursu n lḥelwa i yellan d tazdadt s waṭṭas d netta isxeddam ij n tseyneft ; maca mursu-nni i dd-yerẓa ixess a ɣer-s tili ij n furma.
Mala amḥizwar-nni iwweḍ a dd-yekkes ijjen furma tili texxumbel uca mursu-nni yerẓa-as, xenni da ataf ixsar.
Ijjen zeg imeẓra Ikuriyen yura x Twiter : « Squid Game ijja-ayi ad cehhiɣ leḥlwa n Dalguna ɛawed, imken ɛecrin iseggusa wer tt-cciɣ. Ma ɛad qa-tt tella ? Wer ssineɣ ma a tt-afeɣ ma lla ? ».
D iwdan am cek am nec.
Ca n imekritiken ttwalan ila aseddi-ya iwweḍ s iwriken-nnes i dag-s, minzi ttsufran s usinef i yettɛicen. Merra iwriken-a ttɛicen deg imerwusa, s uya qa rewsen deg waṭṭas n midden i yellan deg wamun.
Anebraz (héros) n useddi-ya d ijjen bnadem wer ixeddem, ittsufra bac ad yerbeḥ aweqqar n lwacun-nnes. Aked timsarin (les événements) n useddi-ya ad immelqa aked ijj n uḥudri irwel-dd zi Kuriya n yeẓẓelmeḍ d ijjen nniḍen d Apakistani ittnɛedda x-as upaṭrun-nnes.
Yeqqar Kim Piong-gang, aselmad n yedles di tesdawit n Sangmiong : « iwdan, jarkṭer tasalt tamaynut zeg iḥudriyen, ttɛicen leɣrubiyyet di tudert, suya ttbeddan aked iwriken i yettiraren di Squid Game ».
Aseddi issruɣa tifawin x uɣezdis n umḥizwar i yellan di bnadem Akuri. Ijjen zeg imḥizwaren-nni yenna ca n tiwalin ɣer-sent lmeɛna d ameqqran : « merra imedrawen di tirart-a mquddan, qa tticcen-aneɣ tabridt tameggarut bac a nerbeḥ deg ij n umḥizwar maḥend a nekkes lferz i zi nettsufra deg umaḍal n berra i tirart-a ».
D tukkerḍa ?
Aṭṭas n isiten semquddan jar Squid Game d ufilm n Parasite Akuri i yewwin tasemɣurt n wuskar deg useggas n 2019. Afilem-a i yessawalen x beṭṭu i din jar imeẓlaḍ d ayt bab n wagla.
Din ɛawed wi ismquddan aseddi-ya aked ijjen ufilm d Ajappuni-nniḍen. Din wi iruḥen qqaɛ ad yini ila qa axarres n useddi d tukkerḍa.
Dong-hyeok iqqar x manaya « bdiɣ tteblaniɣ i Squid Game deg useggas n 2008, bdiɣ ttariɣ sinaryu-nnes deg useggas n 2009… Amserwes-nni din yus-d amenni waha, la d ijjen ma iksi-dd zi wenniḍen ».
Waxxa amenni, umi iwweḍ Squid Game ɣer waṭṭas n midden, aberru zzag-sen tettren maḥend ad yili ijjen wezgen-nneɣni n useddi. Maca ittban-dd ila iwdan ixess-asen ad rajan aṭṭas ɛad i ɣer-sen ɣa yili min xsen.
D aya i yenna Dong-hyeok i tesɣunt n Faryatti : « ɛad wer fekkreɣ di ca n wezgen-nneɣni i Squid Game, ɣir afekker dag-s ittawi-dd lweḥlan zi lux ».


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Awel di kren imennuɣen-nneɣ
Seg terbaɛt n Irrécupérables [1]
Neknim irgazen i gettḥibbin irgazen, lxalat i gettḥibbin lxalat, win i gettḥibbin-en g sin-nsen, iwetmen i gennernan-dd d tiwetmin, tiwetmin i gennernan-dd d iwetmen, d win ul iqeblen ula ayen asen-dd-nnan mi nnernan-dd, queers, tibergazin, tirgazin, imeṭṭuḥen, negguma akelleḥ-enn seg timeddurin-nneɣ did imennuɣen-nneɣ i umeḥyef d uɛuffi n inselmen d ukapitalizem. Nettcaha taddukli d umnennay n imennuɣen-nneɣ s kra illan did-sen.
Neknim d Irrécupérables sik negguma leḥqer f lxalat, f irgazen i gettḥibbin irgazen, f lxalat i gettḥibbin lxalat. Ayen nettedder d ṭṭarix n imennuɣen-nneɣ tterran-en g ṭṭerf, tekkasen-aneɣ-d awal-nneɣ, ɛallmen-aneɣ s iɣil n ddula n fransa d umeḥyef. Nekni nennuɣ u di nennaɣ i uqabal n kra illan zzeg-neɣ amanek aɣen di ẓren i zzat, amanek di msawan lḥuqq-nsen d win-nneɣ. Neqqaṛ-edd ilaq i di ḥebsen tawakksa n wayen sɛan gar ifadden ibestuḥa d igeɛmura i gennernayen-dd la d iwetmen la d tiwetmin. Abeddel n wayen i gettwaketben g lekwaɣeṭ n iwetmen i gennernayen-dd d tiwetmin, tiwetmin i gennernayen-dd d iwetmen mebla kra n useɛddi kra g ssbiṭar neɣ g uxxam n lḥeqq, tawakksa n usmekti g lekwaɣeṭ i geqqaṛen-dd mala d awtem neɣ d tawtemt. Nettnuɣ i lḥeqq i usnerni d lɛawen n iṭbiben l lxalat meṛṛa d uqabal s lḥeqq n kra illan g ixxamen (tiwaculin). Nettɛus lqanun-enn i usexdem n uttwakteb g lekwaɣeṭ i warrac i gennernayen-dd s “usnerni i wayeṭ”, d usennger n imiḥyaf i tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen (g uzedduɣ, g lxedma, d uxxam n lḥeqq…). Nettetter seg temẓi taleqqaqt i di ssnulfayen-d i warrac areyyeb n tifula ff anek ttmagan lxalat d irgazen zeɛma, dayen i gezwaren luxan nebɣa i di nut f ufunzer n tiɛwinin, d tiyita f lxalat d tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen… Ternu, negguma i di naẓer asɛeddi i lḥuqq-nneɣ dayen g uqabal n irgazen d ukapitalizem i geḥducen aɣen di ssekcemen g uripublik-nsen.
Neknim d Irrécupérables miɛad ul nettilli s wayen ttiraren ayt umeḥyef. Negguma win i gterran iman-nsen d leḥraṣ u tiddi i zzat d lḥuqq-nneɣ, ziɣ tterran imennuɣen-nneɣ f usmeksi n lxalat d tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen i umeḥyef. Nettqamar i lehduṛ n ssiyyasa n “uyeffus maṭi” d “ucelwaḥ” i gterran iman-sen ttilin did uripublik-enn, seg timeẓrit-enn n listiɛmeṛ s wayen qqaṛen aɛuffi n lxalat d tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen d iwetmen i nnernayen-dd d tiwetmin d tiwetmin i nnernan-dd d iwetmen i gettilin tugriṭ al ukan seg kra n imekwan kra neɣ seg inselmen (neɣ win ttɣilen d inselmen) d medden seg win ul isɛan ula. Uhu, aɛuffi-yenn ittdda seg bekri-yenn al tura g tmurt n Fransa, bennun-att : d ayen i gxelqen tazwara s ufus n win ɣur-sen leḥkem. Anken daɣen i usmeksi n uddayen, i nettɛayyeṭ anis i dd-isan, am useqdec n umennuɣ f uɛuffi n uddayen amanek di rennan i umeḥyef n inselmen d iẓawaliyen. Neknim d Irrécupérables sik nettili danna anig ul aɣen-tettṛajam ula. Tura miɛad ddula tɛqel kra kra aɛuffi n lxalat d tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen d iwetmen i gennernayen-dd d tiwetmin, tiwetmin i gennernayen-dd d iwetmen, ttcahan aɣen di sseṭmɛan dayen d win ul ttilin ula d imellalen i gesseddawen aɛuffi-yenn g tmurt-a, qqaṛen-dd ilaq i di nennaɣ gar-aneɣ. Lmeḥsub, seg usmeksi n tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen n yiǧǧ uɣennay n rrap d aberkan neɣ n yiǧǧ ccix, fell-aneɣ xic n ureyyeb n uripublik, dacu ul di ɛeyben ula annim annim-a yiǧǧ uɣennay n labaryiti d amellal, n yiǧǧ uminister neɣ d akardinal i gzeddin lḥuqq i tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen i cceṛ d utirurizem. Yiǧǧ i gxedmen ssiyyasa g tmurt kra d tamfrikit i gneqṭen s wawal illa zzeg-s uɛuffi n tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen, di dd-kkren meṛṛa medden i gxedmen ssiyyasa i daha, dacu sguman i ssetnen iman-nsen miqal aguday n medden mucaɛ qqaṛen-dd mebla asetḥi awalen i gellan zzeg-s ameḥyef. Nesguma i di nirar anka. Tazwara, i nɛawed bellik llan ɣur-neɣ imeṭṭuḥen d tibergazin d iwetmen i nnernayen-dd d tiwetmin d tiwetmin i gellan daɣit d iberkanen, d “aɛṛaben” d inselmen. Ternu, nettɛawad taddukli d win i gettedderen aɛuffi f imeṭṭuḥen d tibergazin d iwetmen i nnernayen-dd d tiwetmin, d tiwetmin g ddunit meṛṛa, u zzeg-sen win i gettedderen ssiyyasa tameḥyeft n ddula n Fransa. F useqdec n imennuɣen-nneɣ amanek aɣen di bṭun, neqqaṛ-edd afus g fus d taddukli.
Neknim d Irrécupérables miɛad nettekkar-dd f tiyita d leḥqer i gjemɛan-dd lḥukumat n iṭelli-yenn d wass-a f igellilen d iẓawaliyen. Nettnuɣ f ayen ul imsawan ani nettedder, f tiyita n ipulisen, ff anek seddawen ccedda d tawaɣit i win i dd-isan i tmurt-a, f ssiyyasa d tameḥyeft i gettwaṭṭfen win isɛan ani ttilin. Amennuɣ-nneɣ f usmuksi n lxalat d tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen iwetmen i gennernayen-dd d tiwetmin, tiwetmin i gennernayen-dd d iwetmen, waha i d amennuɣ f umeḥyef d lferq i gellan gar win isɛan d win ul isɛan daɣit, sik imennuɣen-i ul tteddan ula fukul tict s iman-is : asmuksi n tibergazin d imeṭṭuḥen iwetmen i gennernayen-dd d tiwetmin, tiwetmin i gennernayen-dd d iwetmen trenna i lḥuj, lḥuj irenna i wayen i gettawin-dd usmeksi-nnha.
Neknim d Irrécupérables sik ul nettseggim ula imennuɣen-nneɣ seg ssafell i ssadda. Nettɛayyeṭ i useqdec n imennuɣen-nneɣ ani gettili, ulamma gar win i gterran iman-nsen tteddan did uripublik-enn. D wihi i geqqimen d iblaṭen asmi gxemm tanegrawt waṭṭan n sida zzeg-neɣ, netta ulac kra ul ixeddem i tanɣayt i yiman-is gar win i gettsemmin LGBT d imeẓẓyuna. Mazalɛad d nuhni i gsusmen zzat n ssiyyasa n idrimen d tawaɣit i win ul isɛan ula. D nuhni i gesseqdacen lalayisiti fukul dima i umeḥyef n inselmen amanek di ttɛawaden ayen ittuɣ xeddmen g luqt n listiɛmeṛ.
Neknim d Irrécupérables i taluft-nnun n ẓẓux bellik g ddunit-meṛṛa ssnuzgumen yiǧǧ d uripublik-nnun
Neknim d Irrécupérables, zzeg-neɣ taddukli, nettmaga s xiṛella zzeg-neɣ, lhan wulawen-nneɣ, ul nettmaga ula d ɛadi, ternu ul nettneḥcam ula siyyes-es
Neknim d Irrécupérables attḥa di neǧǧ awal abrid nniṭen i win i gmeṭlen amsawa
[1] Irrécupérables ay d lism i nextar f snat n sebbat. S tṛumit, amyag “récupérer” izmer d imeɛɛan asanef n tlufa g ssiyyasa amanek di d-isfayed zzeg-s : s anken nebɣa i nessefhem agami-nneɣ n usedqdec n iman-nneɣ. Irna, awal n “irrécupérable” isbedday kra illan n medden gacu asekcem g terbaɛt kra ullmanek : d at-nesseqdec amanek di nessefhem agami-nneɣ n leqwanen n iṛumiyen, n imerkanṭiyen d win i gtedderen amanek as-ɣɣaṛen g ixxamen d “ɛadi”, taɣetta win i greclen gar irgazen d lxalat.
Traduction : MB


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Ɛin Ulman
Ɛin Ulman (s Tcawit : Tiṭ Ulman), d taɣiwant n Sṭif, zedɣen-tt 59.855 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist llan ttinin-as Colbert.
Azar n Wawal[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
"Ɛin" d awal ay d-yekkan si teɛrabt, anamek-is "tala", ma yella d "ulman" d awal n tmaziɣt, d asget (pluriel) n "ulmu". Ma d ulmu d yiwen n useklu (ttcejr'a), yekka-d yisem-is si tlatinit (Ulmus).
Tuddar[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Ɛin Ulman (Tala Welman)
- Ɣarnuga
- Lɛemmamra
- Lkerma
- Ccuf
- Berbas
- Bir Leḥlu
- Cercura
- Bir Gessaya
- Bennaya
- Bencerya
- Labyaḍ


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Deg umḍal yal timetti tesɛa tuddsa tamettant, yis-s i tetteddu tudert n yimdanen, ula d timetti taqbaylit tamensayt (taqburt) tesɛa tuddsa-ines, acukan temgarad ɣef tuddsa n tmettiyin-nniḍen, ama deg talaɣa ama deg usefrek. Yal taddart tesɛa agraw amatu, win imi qqaren tajmaɛt, yis-s i teddunt tlufa n taddart. Yal ddurt, yettili-d ugraw n tejmaɛt akken ad sqerdcen tilufa n taddart, argaz ur d-yussin ara ɣer ugraw ad ifekk lexṭṭiya.
Agraw n taddart yettili-d deg tejmaɛt, deg tazwara, ameqqran n taddart neɣ lamin ad yebdu awal, ad yessefhem iswi n ugraw, syin ad ifekk awal i wid yebɣan ad meslayen, acukan dima d wid yennumen ttmeslayen kan ara d-yemmeslayen, wiyaḍ sussumen, sellen d acu i d-ttmeslayen irgazen mucaɛen deg taddart. Agraw n taddart dima yettɛeṭṭil, yettaṭaf aṭas n wakud imi llan wid yettɛeṭṭilen deg wawal, neɣ ma yella-d ubeddel n wawal gar leṣfuf n taddart. Deg ugraw, taddart mi ara teṭṭef taɣtast, awal n umɣar yettɛeddi sdat n wawal n umeẓẓiyan, awal n win yesɛan cci yettɛeddayen sdat wawal n yigellil. Llan diɣen wid ur nesɛi ara akk awal deg ugraw am: yixarazen, igezzaren, wid yettektilin irden, wid yekkaten ṭṭbel, acukan ayen yesewhamen d acu yemgaraden gar win yettektilin zzit yesɛa awal-is, win yettektilin irden ur yesɛi ara awal-is, akken diɣen timetti ṭhemmel iḍeballen, taddart tzehhu yis-sen acukan ur sɛin awal deg ugraw, akken diɣen ameddaḥ yesɛa awal, yesɛa azal d leqdder …. ma d aḍebbal ur yesɛi ara.
Mi ara d-tawweḍ taggara n ugraw, ameqqran n taddart ad ifekk urag i yirgazen akken ad ffɣen, win ara yeffɣen uqbel lawan ad ifekk lexṭṭiya.
Deg kra n tegnatin, ma yella-d imenɣi gar twaculin neɣ teɣli temggerḍt, agraw n taddart ur yessaweḍ ara akken ad yefru tamsalt, ad iger tiɣri i yimɣaren n leɛrec akk d yimrabḍen akken ad assen ad kecmen gar twaculin yettnaɣen.
Tajmaɛt n taddart, ulac d acu i as-ittruḥun, telha akk d tlufa n taddart, txeddem islaganen, ajmaɛ n tebzert, lexṭṭiyat, aheyyi n tcemlilin, timecreḍt…ula deg lawan n ṭṭrad d umennuɣ, d tajmaɛt i tt-igezzmen deg ṛṛay ma taddart ad tikki neɣ ala deg umennuɣ.


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C’est le titre du nouvel ouvrage de Kamal Bouamara. Il s’agit d’un recueil de contes merveilleux qui ont bercé des générations d’enfants et d’adultes.
Pour Les Kabyles de la dispora , le recueil est disponible à la vente sur la plate-forme d’édition lulu.com.
Pour la version papier : cliquez ici
Pour la version Epub cliquez ici.
Pour la Kabylie le livre paraitera durant les prochains jours.
Ce qui suit est un extrait du livre repris de la page de l’auteur
« TAMACAHUT-IW LWAD LWAD’
“Imaziɣen ɣur-sen timucuha d temɛayin-nniḍen d izumal, dɣa lemmer ad tent-yaru yiwen, ad d-yeččar idlisen aṭas aṭas”i yura Ibn Khaldoun [1332-1406] deg tasut tis XIV.
Izumal-a n tmucuha n Yimaziɣen qqiment deg laṣel-nsent, ulamma tekcem-itent cwiṭ taɛrabt; yewwi-d fell-asent awal Léo Frobnius [1873-1938], amussnaw Almani yerzan idelsan n Tefriqt.”Werǧin d-mlaleɣ tasekla timawit-nniḍeni yeččuren d lerbayeḥ yessewhamen amdan,i d-yenna”. Daymii yefkai Yizwawzen amkan amezwaru deg tẓuri n lebni n wullisen [timucuha]”.
Ṭawes At Ɛemruc
Seg tasut (lqern) wis XIX armi d assa (2020), aṭas n yidlisen n tmucuha n teqbayliti d-ččuren yimnayen n teqbaylit, ama d Iṛumiyen, ama d Imaziɣen, gar-asen Leqbayel. Llan gar-asen widi tent-id-igemmren, sakkin uran-tent s teqbaylit, suffɣen-tent-id s teqbaylit, neɣ s taqbaylit akked tefransist. Gar Yizzayriyeni d-yessufɣen timucuha n teqbaylit (s teqbaylit) – gar wayen-nniḍen –, ad naf gar-asen Belqasem Ben Sedira (1845-1901) . Llan daɣen Leqbayeli yuran timucuha s teqbaylit, uqbel 1962, am Belɛid At ɛli (1909-1950), maca ayen yura Belɛid, gar-asent timucuha, ur d-yeffiɣ ara armi d aseggas n 1964 : deg le Fichier d Documentation Berbère (FDB), tasɣunt n Yibabaten Iṛumiyen n Larebɛa Nat Iraten,i d-yeffeɣ wayen yura Belɛid s teqbaylit akked tsuqqilen ɣer tefransist ay as-gan Yimṛabḍen Iṛumiyen, imḍebren n FDB.
Ad d-nebder daɣen gar Yirumiyen d Yiqbayliyeni d-igemmren timucuha (d wayen-nniḍen), Pierre H. Savignac , Ṭawes Ɛemruc akked Lmulud At Mɛemmer. Ṭawes Ɛemruc tessufeɣ-d deg 1966 adlis umi tsemma Le grain magique [Aɛeqqa yessawalen], Lmulud At Mɛemmer yesufeɣ-d wayeḍ deg 1980, umi yefka azwel n Contes berbères de Kabylie [Timucuha n Tmurt n Leqbayel]. Timucuha id-wwin sin n yimeskaren-a ur deg-sen iḍrisen n teqbaylit, d tisuqqilen-nsent ɣer tefransist kani yellan.
Ɣer tama n Leqbayel d Yizzayriyeni d-nebder –ma nettu walbeɛḍ, yelha ssmaḥ!–, llan Yiṛumiyen , tasut tis XIX i yerran azali tgemmi-nneɣ ideg llant tmucuha d temɛayin-nniḍen. Yiwen gar-asen d Paul Le Blanc i d-nebder deg wammud-nneɣ n tmucuha. Maca yella yiweni yuklalen ugar ad d-nemmeslay fell-as deg tezwart-a, ulamma s tewzel kan, d Auguste Mouliéras (1855-1931) . Mouliéras,i yellan d amrabeḍ n Yirumiyen deg lɣerb n Lezzayer (Tlemsan-Wehran), iḥemmel akk ayen umi semman Yifransisen lawan-nni “le folklore” neɣ tasekla timawit. Mouliéras ihi igemmer-d rnu yessufeɣ-d ammud n tmucuha akked d temɛayin-nniḍen n teqbaylit. Deg temdint n Wehrani yemlal kra n yixeddamen iqbayliyen n Wat Jennadi as-id-yulsen iḍriseni yura s teqbaylit, rnu yessufeɣ-ten-id, gar 1893 akked 1898, s talɣa n tedlisin (fascicules). Ayen d-yessufeɣ Mouliéras s teqbaylit deg taggara n tasut tisXIX, yeqqim akken armi d aseggas n 1965, aseggas idegi tekker Camille Lacoste-Dujardin ( 1929-2016 ) tessuɣel-iten-id ɣer tefransist.
Extrait de la Présentation
@ K. Bouamara
@


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Chapitre 21
Sommaire
Sidna Ɛisa ikcem ɣer temdint n Lquds
( Mq 11. 1-11 ; Lq 19. 28-40 ; Yn 12. 12-19 )
1 Mi qṛib ad kecmen ɣer temdint n Lquds, wwḍen ɣer yiɣil n uzemmur yellan tama n taddart n Bitfaji, Sidna Ɛisa iceggeɛ sin inelmaden-is,
2 yenna-yasen : Ṛuḥet ɣer taddart yellan ɣer zdat, dinna aț-țafem taɣyult akk-d mmi-s, brut-asen-d, tawim-iyi-ten-id. 3 Ma yella win i wen-d-yennan kra, init-as : d Ssid-nneɣ i ten-iḥwaǧen, imiren a sen-d-iserreḥ.
4 Ayagi yedṛa-d am akken i t-id yenna nnbi Zakarya di tira iqedsen* :
5 Init i wat wedrar n Siyun : AA taya ugellid-nwen iteddu-d ɣuṛ-wen s wannuz, irkeb-ed ɣef weɣyul amecṭuḥ mmi-s n teɣyult.
6 Inelmaden-nni ṛuḥen, xedmen ayen i sen-d-yenna Sidna Ɛisa.
7 Wwin-d taɣyult-nni d mmi-s, sburren-asen llebsa-nsen, dɣa srekben Sidna Ɛisa.
8 Aṭas n lɣaci ssan iceṭṭiḍen-nsen deg ubrid, wiyaḍ țṛuẓun-d tiseḍwa si ttjuṛ, țessun-tent ula d nutni deg ubrid.
9 Lɣaci yezwaren zdat Sidna Ɛisa d wid i t-id-iḍefṛen, țɛeggiḍen s lfeṛḥ qqaṛen : Ḥusana i mmi-s n Sidna Dawed ! Ițțubarek win i d-yusan s yisem n Sidi Ṛebbi ! Ḥusana deg imukan eɛlayen.
10 Mi gekcem Sidna Ɛisa ɣer temdint n Lquds, imezdaɣ meṛṛa nhewwalen, qqaṛen : Anwa-t wagi ?
11 Lɣaci-nni țțaran-asen : D Sidna Ɛisa, nnbi-nni n taddart n Naṣaret i d-yusan si tmurt n Jlili !
Lǧameɛ iqedsen* yuɣalen d ssuq
( Mq 11. 15-19 ; Lq 19. 45-48 ; Yn 2. 13-22 )
12 Sidna Ɛisa yekcem ɣer lǧameɛ iqedsen*, iqecceɛ meṛṛa wid yețțaɣen znuzun dinna deg ufrag n lǧameɛ. Iqleb-asen ṭṭwabel i wid yețbeddilen idrimen akk-d wid yeznuzun itbiren.
13 dɣa yenna-yasen : Yura : Axxam-iw ad ițțusemmi d axxam n tẓallit, ma d kunwi terram-t d lɣaṛ n imakaren.
14 Di lǧameɛ-nni, qeṛṛben-d ɣuṛ-es iderɣalen d iquḍaren, dɣa yesseḥla ten.
15 Lmuqedmin imeqqranen d lɛulama* n ccariɛa rfan mi walan leɛǧayeb i gxeddem akk-d warrac ițɛeggiḍen di lǧameɛ : Ḥusana i mmi-s n Sidna Dawed !
16 Imiren nnan i Sidna Ɛisa : Tesliḍ d acu i d-qqaṛen ? SSidna Ɛisa yerra-yasen : Sliɣ ih ! Eɛni ur teɣṛim ara imeslayen-agi yuran di tira iqedsen* : Tessufɣeḍ-ed leḥmadi seg imawen n warrac akk-d wid n llufanat iteṭṭḍen .
17 Imiren yeǧǧa-ten dinna, yeffeɣ si temdint, iṛuḥ ɣer taddart n Bitanya, dinna i gensa.
Taneqleț ițwaneɛlen
( Mq 11. 12-14, 20-24 )
18 Azekka-nni taṣebḥit mi d-yuɣal ɣer temdint, Sidna Ɛisa yelluẓ ;
19 iwala yiwet n tneqleț rrif n webrid, iqeṛṛeb ɣuṛ-es, ur yufi deg-s acemma anagar afriwen ; dɣa yenna-yas : Seg wass-a, ur tețțuɣaleḍ ara a d-tefkeḍ lfakya ! IImiren kan, taneqleț-nni teqquṛ.
20 Inelmaden-is mi walan ayagi tɛeǧben, nnan : Amek akka teqquṛ tneqleț-agi deg yiwet n teswiɛt ?
21 Sidna Ɛisa yerra-yasen : A wen-iniɣ tideț, ma yella tesɛam liman ur tețcukkum ara, aț-țizmirem aț-țxedmem akteṛ n wayen xedmeɣ i tneqleț-agi ! AAț-ținim i wedrar-agi qleɛ iman-ik syagi tḍeggṛeḍ iman-ik ɣer lebḥeṛ, ayagi a d-yedṛu !
22 Ayen akk ara tessutrem s liman di tẓallit, a wen-d-ițunefk !
Lḥekma n Sidna Ɛisa
( Mq 11. 27-33 ; Lq 20. 1-8 )
23 Sidna Ɛisa yekcem ɣer lǧameɛ ibda yesselmad. Lmuqedmin akk-d imeqqranen n wegdud qeṛṛben ɣuṛ-es nnan-as : Ansi i k-d-tekka tezmert s wayes i txeddmeḍ ayagi ? Anwa i k-d-yefkan tazmert-agi ?
24 Sidna Ɛisa yerra-yasen : A wen-fkeɣ asteqsi ula d nekk, yiwen kan ; ma tǧawbem-iyi-d, ula d nekk a wen-iniɣ ansi i yi-d-tekka tezmert-agi.
25 Aɣḍas n Yeḥya, s ɣuṛ Ṛebbi i d-ikka neɣ s ɣuṛ yemdanen ? DDɣa bdan qqaṛen wway gar-asen : Ma nenna-yas seg igenwan, a ɣ-d-yini acuɣeṛ ihi ur tuminem ara yis,
26 ma nenna-yas daɣen seg imdanen, nuggad lɣaci-agi, axaṭer ḥesben akk Yeḥya d nnbi.
27 Dɣa nnan-as i Sidna Ɛisa : Ur neẓri ara ! YYerra-yasen : Ihi ula d nekk ur wen-d-qqaṛeɣ ara ansi i yi-d-tekka tezmert s wayes i xeddmeɣ ayagi !
Lemtel n sin watmaten
28 D acu twalam ? Yiwen wergaz yesɛa sin warraw-is, yenṭeq ɣer umezwaru, yenna-yas : A mmi, ṛuḥ aț-țxedmeḍ ass-agi di tfeṛṛant-iw.
29 Yerra-yas : Ur țṛuḥuɣ ara ! MMeɛna yuɣal yendem, iṛuḥ ad ixdem di tfeṛṛant.
30 Yenna-yas daɣen i mmi-s wi sin ad iṛuḥ ad ixdem, yerra-yas-d : Ih a baba ad ṛuḥeɣ ! MMeɛna ur iṛuḥ ara.
31 Anwa deg sen i gxedmen lebɣi n baba-s ? RRran-as-ed : D amezwaru a Sidi ! SSidna Ɛisa yenna-yasen : A wen-d-iniɣ tideț, imekkasen* imakaren akk-d yir tilawin a kkun zwiren ɣer tgelda n igenwan !
32 Axaṭer Yeḥya yusa-d ɣuṛ-wen yesken-awen-d abrid n tideț, meɛna ur t-tuminem ara ; ma d imekkasen d yir tilawin umnen yis. Yerna ɣas akken twalam ayagi, ur d-tuɣalem ara ɣer webrid teggumam aț-țamnem yis.
Lemtel n ixeddamen n tfeṛṛant
( Mq 12. 1-12 ; Lq 20. 9-19 )
33 A wen-d-rnuɣ daɣen lemtel nniḍen : yella yiwen umɛellem, yeẓẓa tafeṛṛant, izzi-yas-ed s zzeṛb, yeɣza amkan i tɛeṣṣart n tẓurin, yebna taɛrict i tɛessast, issekra tafeṛṛant-is i ixemmasen, imiren iṛuḥ ɣer lɣeṛba.
34 Mi d-yewweḍ lweqt n tẓurin, iceggeɛ iqeddacen-is ɣer ixemmasen nni iwakken a s-d-fken amur-is n lɣella.
35 Meɛna ixemmasen-nni ṭṭfen iqeddacen-nni, wa wten-t, wa nɣan-t, wayeḍ ṛejmen-t.
36 Iceggeɛ-asen daɣen tarbaɛt nniḍen n iqeddacen yugaren tamezwarut. Meɛna tedṛa yid-sen am imezwura-nni.
37 Taggara, iceggeɛ-asen mmi-s, yenna : Ahat imi d mmi a t-qadṛen !
38 Lameɛna mi walan mmi-s, ixemmasen-nni nnan wway gar-asen : Ataya win ara iweṛten, kkret a t-nenneɣ iwakken a nawi lweṛt-is.
39 Sṭfen-t, ḍeggṛen-t ɣer beṛṛa n tfeṛṛant, dɣa nɣan-t.
40 Sidna Ɛisa yenna i lɣaci : Ihi tura, m’ara d-yas bab n tfeṛṛant-nni, d acu ara sen-yexdem i ixemmasen-agi ?
41 Rran-as-ed : Ad ineɣ ixemmasen imcumen, ma ț-țafeṛṛant a ț-issekru i ixemmasen nniḍen ara s-d-ifken amur-is di lweqt n lɣella.
42 Sidna Ɛisa yenna-yasen : Leɛmeṛ teɣṛim imeslayen-agi i d-nnant tira iqedsen : Adɣaɣ-nni i ḍeggṛen wid ibennun, d nețța i guɣalen d azṛu alemmas, WWin yeṭṭfen lebni. AA yagi yekka-d s ɣuṛ Ṛebbi, d ayen i ɣ-istɛeǧben.
43 Daymi i wen-qqaṛeɣ : Tagelda n igenwan* a wen tețwakkes, aț-țețțunefk i leǧnas nniḍen ara d-ifken lɣella.
44 Win ara yeɣlin ɣef wusalas-agi ad yerreẓ, daɣen win i ɣef ara d-yeɣli usalas-agi ad yețwamḥeq.
45 Mi slan i imeslayen-agi, ifariziyen* d lmuqedmin imeqqranen fehmen belli fell-asen i d-iheddeṛ Sidna Ɛisa.
46 Meɛna ɣas akken bɣan a t-ṭṭfen, ur zmiren ara axaṭer uggaden lɣaci-nni i t-iḥesben d nnbi.


text:
Aṭas-aya tura mazal yettazal wawal ɣef isekkilen s ara tettwaru “tmaziɣt”. Ɣas akken tamsalt-a tefra aṭas-aya s imnadiyen n tesdawiyin meɛna imdanen ḥemmlen ad zzin deg ayen ur nemɛin.
Adabu azzayri yebɣa ad issenger tutlayin timaziɣin, yessen akk iberdan s ara tent-yeɣḍel:
taɣawsa tamezwarut, ixleq-d takadimit n tutlayt “tamaziɣt” ɣas akken deg tidet tamaziɣt d tawacult n tutlayin, mačči d yiwet n tutlayt. S tkadimit-a ad d-xelqen tutlayt “tamaynutt”, yiwen ur tt-ifehhem,yiwen ur tt-issin, ad tili kan deg tektubin ma d imdanen deg tudert-nsen ad heddṛen tutlayin-nniḍen. Bɣan ad teḍru d tmaziɣt-nneɣ akken i teḍra d teɛrabt-nsen
Taɣawsa tis snat: adabu azzayri yetturar s wakud (lweqt) alamma negrent tutlayin timaziɣin. Ma nmuqqel ar tmurt n Leqbayel ad nwali belli tettkemmil s tazzla tsertit n “usɛerbeb”, annect-a yettkemmil s ufus n uɣerbaz azzayri i yesɛerbiben arraw n tmurt taqbaylit axaṭer arrac qqaṛen ugar n 100 sswayeɛ deg waggur s teɛrabt, ma d tutlayt taqbaylit qqaṛen-tt kan 12 n sswayeɛ deg waggur. Ar wasmi ara ualen akk yemdanen heddṛen s teɛrabt imiren ad tebdu leqdic-is tkadimit-nni.
Taɣawsa tis tlata: iwakken ad yenger usirem n Leqbayel deg tutlayt-nsen, adabu azzayri isebded imdanen ur nwulem ara amkan-nsen i wakken ad selḥun takadimit-a. Sbedden-d Belaïd Salah yellan uqbel d aqeṛṛu ɣef usqamu n tutlayt taɛrabt, yes ad selḥun timsal-nsen akken i sen-ihwa. Ɣas akken ass-a llan aṭas n imnadiyen deg tesdawiyin i izemren ad selḥun timsal n tutlayin-a meɛna sawlen i wid ur nelli ara akk deg annar iwakken ad yishil usenger-nsent.
Mazal aṭas n temsal-nniḍen, lemmer ad nkemmel ameslay fell-asent ur nettfakka ara akk. Ẓran akk medden belli “tamaziɣt” tettengar kra kra, meɛna mazal ttamnen s tlalit n tkadimit “tazzayrit” ara d-irefden tutlayt-nsen.
Tutlayt taqbaylit seg zik d arraw-is i iqeddcen fell-as, d nutni i tt-yuran asmi akken adabu azzayri yettawi-ten ar leḥbas yerna ineqq Iqbayliyen, d nutni i tt-yettarun ɣas akken adabu azzayri ur ten-iɛawen ula deg acemma. D iqbayliyen i yennuɣen ɣef tutlayt-nsen i wakken ad tettawaru ass-a yerna ad tesɛu ilugan-ines. D iqbayliyen i yebɣan ad tennerni teqbaylit wama adabu azzayri ala nnger i s-yebɣa.
Taqbaylit d arraw-is kan ara tt-irefden, ma yella ur tt-rfiden ara nutni adabu azzayri d nnger kan i s-d-isewjad. Iggra-d kan tura Iqbayliyen ad xemmen ɣef teqbaylit-nsen, ad cemmṛen iɣallen-nsen, ad ḥudden ɣef yiles-nses d yidles-nsen ara d-afen warraw-nsen.
Amaziɣ Aweɣlis


text:
Tura ad teẓreḍ acimi i riɣ ad m-id-aruɣ tabṛat i kemmi a Zelgum, d tabṛat ɣef teqbaylit. Acku d kemmi i d Taqbaylit, mačči d Muḥend Azwaw umi i yura Dda Lmulud tabrat ɣef tmussni ɣer taggara n yiseggasen n 1970. Izwawen ulac fell-asen lettkal ass-a. Fell-asen lecɣal d « imeqqranen » ! Amur wwint-d ttbaren, amur-nniḍen ttṛebbin icumar, wis kṛad teɣwa-ten tallast n tsertit.
Ihi wi i zemren ad yesseḥbiber ɣef teqbaylit nnig Teqbaylit ? Taqbaylit d kemmi, ihi kker fell-am, rfed-itt !
Ẓriɣ d taɛkemt ẓẓayen fell-am, maca d aɣan (lwaǧeb), aɣan ur ireggel yiwen fell-as, ẓẓay neɣ fessus.
Aselmed n teqbaylit i warraw-im d aɣan neɣ, ahat ugar, d lweṛt i am-d-teǧǧa yemmam-m i kemmi, ihi ula d kemmi siweḍ-it i warraw-im, ur ttḥeṛṛim ara arraw-im ɣef wayen i (d)am-id-sawḍen yimawlan-im kemmi.
Neẓra ddunit n wass-a tbeddel, mačči d tinna n zik, asmi d-ttawin medden timucuha sennig lkanun. Neẓra ula d kemmi tura teɣriḍ, tfehmeḍ, twalaḍ timura n ddunit. Ɣur-m ad kem-ɣuṛṛen wid d tid i teɣwa tafat n tutlayin d yidelsan n medden, wid d tid i tuɣ tzelgi n ṛṛay.
Ula d taqbaylit tura ad tbeddel, ma tbeddleḍ-as tikli a Taqbaylit, a Zelgum !
In-asen ihi i wid d tid i iɣilen telha kan i ccna d ccḍeḥ, i wid d tid i iɣilen di tudrin n Gelgaman d tid n Tleṭṭaṭ kan i d-teqqim, …in-asen : taqbaylit n tura mačči d tinna n « s yimi ar umeẓẓuɣ » ; taqbaylit n tura tella ukan deg yidlisen, adlis d allal, s anda i am-yehwa awi-t. Ihi anda teddiḍ, glu yes-s ; am uyefki n yidmaren-im, efk-asen i warraw-im ad ṭṭden deg-s.
tettkemmil …
Kamel Bouamara


text:
Walaɣ-tt di tazwara si Cancale teɣremt-agi n tewkilin ittwaẓẓun deg yillel. Ur tt-fṛizeɣ ara mliḥ imi tbedd deg yigenni tagut taɣiɣdant i yas-irran tili.
Walaɣ-tt daɣen si tama n Avranches deg yimir n uɣelluy n yiṭij. Ṛṛmel awesɛan ifesren s teɣzi n tmuɣli, illa d azeggaɣ; igli, d azeggaɣ ; abuɣaz aṭagan, akk d azeggaɣ; timɛemmeṛt taḥecraruft, iman-is, temɣi-d dihinna, tebɛed ɣef lberr am txelwit tasugnant, tessewham am ṣṣraya n tirga, d tadrugant, d tabaḥant, meḥsub ɣumment-tt tillas di leḥmuregga n wass iruḥen ad tefnu.
Ruḥeɣ ɣer-s azekka-nni tafrara, leḥḥuɣ ɣef yijdi, cexceɣ seg-s; reṣṣant wallen-iw deg usɣun-a ameqran am udrar, imlekken am rrxem, afrawan am lfina. Akken ttaẓeɣ ɣer-s, tettent-i tsewham ugar, acku ulac nnig-s ahat deg umaḍal ayen immden issedhacen.
Ttcaliɣ daxel-is, wehmeɣ seg wayen ttwaliɣ amzun skefleɣ-d axxam n yiwen uṛebbit mi akken zerriɣ ɣef tzeɣwa-s i bubben yiɛrusen ifsasanen d yiẓayanen, mi akken zerriɣ deg yigniren-is ittfeǧǧiǧen d tafat n wass, reffdeɣ allen-iw idehcen ɣer ṣṣwameɛ-a icban iẓeḍyen iruḥen di tegnawt, ladɣa amyekcem-a amkerriw n tsegdalin, n tregragin, n udlag asdidan amesrar, n tballiwin n uẓru akked d usreqqet ucbiḥ n gṛanit; ayagi akk d tawuri tasegdant tameqraḥant i tessali tẓuri taɛewwajt s lmul d wul.
Mi akken zzreɣ di ttewḥid, iɛna-yi-d yiwen ufellaḥ anuṛmundi, yules-iyi-d tadyant n umennuɣ ameqran iḍran gar Saint Michel akked Cciṭan.
Inna yiwen uɛewwaj ijehlen : ‘‘Ṛebbi, ixleq-d amdan ɣef ṣṣura-s; lameɛna amdan, irra-yas-tt akken ilaq.’’
Awal-a, ɣer-s yiwet tidet tamaɣlalt; isḍuli ad d-nesnulfu di yal amenẓaw ama d tanfust n yillu adigan, ama d tin n lawliyya iɛerḍiyen n yal tamnaḍt. Azenǧi, isɛa ṣṣnem aweḥci ameččay n yimdanen ; tasreḍt n Muḥemmed, tessureg asiknew n tlawin akked taččert n lǧennet d tiḥuṛṛtin; Iɣriqiyen, — aɣref axeddam — qeddsen akk afrayen i tegber tnefsit.
Yal taddart n Fransa tella ddaw leɛnaya n lwali ines amḥaddi ittbeddilen ilmend n yimezdaɣ.
Wamma Saint Michel iɛussen ɣef Nuṛmundi-n-Wadda, Saint Michel aneglus, udem n sseɛḍ d rrbeḥ, ssif n lqedra, assaḍ n yigenni; d netta i yugaren iqehṛen Cciṭan.
Meɛna, Anuṛmundi bu tḥeṛciwin d tmezrigin, bab n nnxayel akked cctat, a-t-ah wakken ifhem d wamek d-ittales amenɣi n lwali ameqran akked Cciṭan:
‘‘Akken ad isellek si tballaɣin n Cciṭan, ibna unarag-is Sain Michel di tlemmast n ugaraw tanezduɣt-a i yuklal ugeldun n lmalayek; d tidet, anagar agurram am netta i izemren ad d-isnulfu i yiman-is tanezduɣ i tt-icban.
Meɛna, mi akken mazal ittkukru tixettalin n umcum, izzi i wayla-s s ṛṛmel imleɣleɣ udɣil ugar n yill.
Cciṭan, izdeɣ aɛecciw menwala di ceṭṭ ; maca ikseb ilmaten igleglen d aman imerɣanen, leqwaɛi ittṣaben ideg d-tmeɣɣi lɣella iblulsen, timizar tinesbaɣurin d yiɛerquben ittarrwen bla ceḥḥa; deg yimir igelled lwali ala ɣef yijdi. S wakka, Cciṭan d amerkanti; ma d Saint Michel, d aẓawali am umneṭri.
Seld kra yiseggasen n lḥif d tgullelt, irfa si tɣawsiwin-a, imxemmam ad imtawa akked Cciṭan, maca taluft mačči d tin fessusen imi aɛefrit-a d win ijgugulen di lexwayer-is.
Imxemman s teɣzi n setta wagguren ; sakkin, yiwet tsebḥit, irza ɣer lberr. Illa Yiblis itečč aḥlul sdat tewwurt-is, mi iwala imqeddes, izreb ɣer-s ad t-immager, imir-imir issuden adda n lekmam-is, iɛreḍ-it ad ikcem, rnu ifka-yas ayen ara t-id-isṭurrcen.
Segmi iswa Saint Michel akus n uyefki, irfed awal :
— Usiɣ-d akken ad ak-ssumreɣ yiwet temsalt inefɛen.
Cciṭan, d bu niyya kan wer nesɛi tiḥerci, irra-yas :
— Iwulem-iyi.
— A-t-ah ; ad i-teǧǧeḍ akk tamurt-ik.
Iḥcer Yiblis, ibɣa ad d-immeslay :
— Maca…
Ikemmel din-din Saint Michel :
— Esl-d qbel ! ad i-teǧǧeḍ akk tamurt-ik; ad ledhuɣ d uḥraz, d uxeddim, d tkerza, d uzraɛ, d uɣebbwer akked kra illan, sakkin ad nebḍu lɣella mzeggen. Neɣ d acu tenniḍ ?
Cciṭan, di ssber ines d alexxax, iqbel; acu kan issuter ad as-d-irnu kra yiselman bninen i d-igemmer di tamiwin i d-izzin i Yiɣil aywenni. Saint Michel iṛeggem-as s yiselman.
Mxemmasen, ssusfen d idis akken ad d-seknen belli mtawan msefhamen, ikemmel yimqeddes inna:
— Esl-d! ur bɣiɣ ara ad teččḥeḍ fell-i neɣ ad i-tezzmeḍ. Fren ayen i tesmenyafeḍ: lɣella ara yilin nnig tmurt neɣ tin ara d-yagaren ddaw tmurt ?
— Ad ddmeɣ tin ara yilin nnig tmurt.
— Nemsefham. (i yas-inna Yimqeddes)
Sakkin iruḥ.
Zrin setta wagguren, ur illi deg ugni awesɛan n Cciṭan ala tixizzutin, tileftin, tibeṣlin, aṣalsifis akked yimɣan uɣur aẓar afwayan ilhan abninan, ma d ifer-nsen ur iṣliḥ anagar i uɛlaf n yiɣersiwen.
Cciṭan, ur t-id-iṣaḥ yiqiḥ, ibɣa ad ifsex amtawa, iḥseb Saint Michel d ‘‘bu tmenqas’’.
Maca Imqeddes yufa-yas lbenna i tfellaḥt ; izzi ɣer Yiblis inna-yas :
— Ḍemneɣ-k ma xemmeɣ i wacemma, ayagi yusa-d kan akka bla ttɛamud;ur telli d tuccḍa-w. Rnu, akken ad ak-d-ɣermeɣ, ad ak-ssumreɣ ad teddmeḍ aseggas-a ayen akk illan ddaw wakal.
— Qebleɣ ayagi. (i inna Cciṭan)
Di tefsut i d-iḍefren, tajumma n yigwnan akk n Ṛṛuḥ imceṛṛi, dlen-tt yirden iččuren, taẓekkunt tafwayant annect n tnaqusin, lkettan, lkuẓa ameqran, iffis azeggaɣ, tajilbant, lekremb, tifeɣwa d wayen ifessun s umata i yiṭij d imenda neɣ d iguma.
Cciṭan iwumi ur d-iṣaḥ wacemma tikkelt tis-snat, irfa ayen din!
Ijmeɛ ilmaten-is d yifelḥan-is, rnu isɛuẓẓeg s umata ɣef yisumren imaynuten n unarag-is.
Immed useggas. Ibedd Saint Michel s ufella n teɣremt-is, iskad tamurt tawesɛant taṣabant, ittwali Cciṭan mi ittwellih lxedma, isserwat, ilewwi, issexzan lɣellat. Saint Michel, igren icḥen, irfa yuref imi ur izmir i kra; ur izmir ara ad ikellex i Cciṭan tikkelt tis-kraḍt, iɣtes ad d-yaɣ llza, iɛna-t ad t-id-iɛreḍ ɣer yimensi i wass n letnayen i d-iteddun.
— Ur tecriheḍ ara di tfellaḥt-nni i yaɣ-izdin, (i yas–inna) ḥsiɣ s waya; maca ur bɣiɣ ara ad d-tegri gar-aneɣ cceḥna, tin ɣer-s ssarameɣ ad d-taseḍ ad temmensiḍ yid-i. Ad ak-seččeɣ lerbayeḥ ilhan.
Iqbel Cciṭan imir imir imi aseqḍiḍ-is am tluxxext-is. Deg wass n usihar, ibges Cciṭan ilṭec, iwwi abrid n Yiɣil.
Isɣam-it Saint Michel ɣer tgida taxlaft. Ibda-yas s umetred iɛeččren d ijajuren n yiyuzaḍ d tqinsyiwin, s tkurin d tɛeṣbanin n uksum n uḥelluf, sakkin sin yiselman imeqranen s twaracin n teklilt, sakkin yiwet tdandunt tamellalt teččur d aqesṭel ilman di ccrab, sakkin yiwet tmessaḍt n ucedluḥ tafesgant am ungul, sakkin d izegza ifessin deg yimi akked uɣrum ilhan iḥman ittfuṛṛun d tafenda n wudi.
Swan ssidr amsari bu ukuffit d tiẓedt, d waman n tẓurin izeggaɣen isekkṛen, rnu seld yal aḍajin n tmečča, tessen aman-n-tudert n teffaḥ. Isgwergwir Cciṭan isgaḍ am ucbayli, armi i tt-ikker waẓ akkin, indeh-as uɛebbuḍ-is.
Dɣa Saint Michel, iwwet ikker s tɣara muhaben issexlaɛen, isreɣreɣ fell-as :
— Ṭṭixer sdat-iii ! Ṭṭixer sdat-i a lǧayeḥ ! tɛemmdeḍ … Ṭṭixer sdat-i…
Inceggal Cciṭan irwel, ma d Saint Michel, iddem ɣer-s iqwi, isqerqer-it.
Ttazzalen gar texxamin, tezzin i teɛreṣtin, ttalin tikeddanin n beṛṛa, ttṛabaɛen ɣef yicerfan d lkifan, ttneggizen si tregragt ɣer tregragt. Cciṭan ameɣbun, illa di yir tagnit; yuḍen itfegget, irewwel kan, isxeḍ akk tanezduɣt n wuɣris. Di taggara yufa-d iman-is ɣef ssḍeh aneggaru, – iwsawen akk – anda istewɛa ɣef ubuɣaz ameqraḥan s yiɣerman-is iggugin, s yijdi-is d yimerjan-is. Ur izmir ara ad irwel nnig waya; imekken-as yimqeddes s azagur s yiwet tyita n uḍar tudɣilt i t-iɛellan deg yigenni am ddabex.
Izzerzef di tegnawt am umeẓrag, iɣli ibbeɛzaq sdat yiɣrem n Mortain ; ntan wacciwen n unyir-is d waccaren n yifassen-is d yiḍarren-is s telqey deg ucṛuf iḥerzen d lebda lǧerrat n uɣelluy-a n Cciṭan.
Ikker-d isquḍur, – iqucceḥ ar taggara n zzman – iskad ɣer lebɛed Iɣil n lqedra iɛǧeǧǧin deg yigenni am uqincur deg yimir n uɣelluy, iḥsa dakken ittwarna d lebda deg umennuɣ-a ur nemɛadal, iruḥ izzuɣur akesluḥ-is, iwelleh ɣer tmura iggugin, iǧǧa i ucengu ines tiferkiwin-is, iɛerqyab-is d tzuɣar-is akked yilmaten-is.
A-t-ah wamek Saint Michel, amestan n Yinuṛmundiyen irna Cciṭan.’’
Yiwen uɣref-nniḍen, issugen-d ṭṭrad-a, akken-nniḍen.
Ahmed Hamoum


text:
Iẓi
Iẓi[1] (s tfinaɣ : ⵉⵥⵉ, s tasrɣint : المرارة, s tfṛansist : Vésicule biliaire) iga yan usknaf imẓẓin, ixwan sg ugnsu. Ar gis ittmunu yan uḥruray[2] igan awraɣ (Aḥruray awraɣ) urta iddi s ilawin (nɣ ilawan nɣ iẓṛman) imẓẓayn n ufgan[3].
Illa iẓi g izddar n Tasa, ar d ittacka uḥruray awraɣ sg tasa s iẓi, ar gis ittmunu ilmma iddu s ilawin imẓẓayn bac ad yaws g ubṭṭu n tafrdeddist[4].
Imudar ula nutni darsn iẓi zund afgan.
Tiwlafin[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Kaṛl Lanɣbuc, amassan amzwaru ikksn iẓi i ufgan acku gis iẓṛan
Rar taɣḍft[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Iẓi dars sin inumak imzarayn :
- Anamk amzwaru : iẓi (asknaf : organe) igan assaɣ s unamk n yan usknaf illan g tafgga n ufgan
- Anamk wiss sin : iẓi (amyag : verbe), ar nttini iẓi, ẓi, taẓit : sin middn ur ar sawaln acku illa kra n umukris ingratsn.


text:
Abstract:
Tazrawt-nnegh ass-a newwid awal sumata ghef tsekla d tewsatin-is dgha imi inzan d tawsit gar tewsatin-a nered nejme-d inzan seg wannar ghur tlawin n temnadt n Yimellahen -Tubirett- syin akin nexdem-asen tasledt tasentalant .
Leqdic- nnegh yebda ghef krad n yihricen :
- Ahric amezwaru : d ahric n tesnarrayt
- Ahric wis sin : d ahric n tezri
Deg uhric - a nemmeslay ghef tsekla taqbaylit , nesbadud inzan, tawuri n yinzan, tignatin n tmenna n yinzan, taghessa n yinzi d tutlayt n yinzi
- Ahric wis krad :d tasledt
Deg-s nega tasledt i yinzan id-negmer , yal inzi ad nwali d acu i d asentel ighef i d-yewwi.


text:
Min ma negga rid am nni?
Ca n twařatin tedhiceɣ xmi tesřiɣ i ca n yewdan ssawařen x tusna n Lmeɣrib. Zeg wami d udfen waɛraben ɣar tmurt nneɣ, nitni nettyen, smuṭṭuyen di tusna n Imaziɣen, min iǧan nneɣ arrin t nsen. War iǧi ca d aluɣan (difficult) ad yiři utarras d mmis n tmurt, niɣ wenni iqqaren aqa nec d mmis n lmeɣrib; maca min war itwazemmaren, xmi ntaff ca n yijj itru mayemmi ɣa itwakkes yisem n “lmeɣrib l-ɛarabi” ad itwabeddeř s “lmeɣrib ameqqran”. Danita aɛraben itacar iten wuř! Iɣembab a ttun umi tuɣa neccin nneggez nesɣuyu x tidett. Tuɣa ɣar ad nessiweř x Tmaziɣt thajan, qqaren aneɣ aqa kenniw turezzum ad tebḍam tammurt niɣ turezzum ‘lfetna’!
Min ma negga rid am nni, nedweř d imseřman, rid am nni, nedweř nessawař cwayt n wawařen n taɛrabt rid am nni, tuɣa neɣ d abaru, arrin aneɣ d tabarut rid am nni. Usin d banu Hilal, d banu Maɛqil, d banu Suleym (1050 CE) ḥewwsen aneɣ tammurt, zbaren anebdu d min iǧan sennej i tmurt, rid am nni, nedweř d imettaren di tmurt nneɣ, rid am nni, Nenna asen aqa yujar 1200 n tmiḍa (century) i teqqimem di tmurt nneɣ, nessitim ad teggem aseɣred (integration/andamej) ad třemdem Tmaziɣt nneɣ, war iǧi d neccin i ɣa iřemden awař n řbarani, rid am nni, min ma akidsen negga rid am nni.
War jjin ijj n dcar di Arrif war dayes sɣemyen imrabḍen; waxxa am nni war xafneɣ temmars tremmiɣt (boredom/řeqneḍ). Tammurt nneɣ nemsafed akides, nejjit, nuyur, nezdeɣ deg idurar, rid am nni. Igelliden n tmurt zzenzen agra nneɣ, tammurt nneɣ, ssenni nekkar nemneɣ, nuzzeř x inehrasen (colonizers), rid am nni. Ikkar Muḥamed ameẓyan di tmurt n Iqeřɛiyen imneɣ aked Irumiyen ijj war das iwci afus. Awaren as ikkar mmis n Ɛebd-Krim igga tagduda (republic) n Arrif nnan as rid am nni aqa Irifiyyen urezzun ad azřen x Iɛalawiyyen! Deg ussan ibarcanen n Arrif, ikkar Muḥamed n řḥaj Sellam (jar 1958 d 1959) ad yini tidett x waddud n Irifiyyen, ssekken d iserdasyen (soldiers) s iqebbaren d řbarud, ggin min ggin, maca war ntettu ɛemmars min ggin, řeḥsab d anegguaru. Deg wakud n zic, tuɣa neqqar as aqa min mma imsar aneɣ d tizemmar n bu itran (God’s destiny). Řexxu addad iwedded, taẓidert (patience) tiweḍ ixf, war neqqim ntamen deg umi qqaren Nnahḍa nsen, uřa d ddin nsen ssiwḍen tid ifreɣ! Am nni i yeqqim ifreɣ, ɣarsen di tmurt nsen ad tmeřced taḥenjet waxxa ɣares 6 niɣ 7 n iseggʷusa, mařa teǧfed as uca nettat ɛad war xas d usin idammen (minzi nettat ɛad d tameẓyant), itxeṣṣ ad teqqim di taddart (niɣ war tzemmar ad temřec ak ḥed) 3 n iyuren. Mayemmi? lḥaḍara? Niɣ d l’iɛjaaz? 3 n iyuren ḥuma mařa tuɣa tisi aɛeddis, ad iban di 3 n iyuren! Tamessunt n yiḍa war teqqar ca ammu, s mqentuṭṭuc (single wink) tzemmared ad tessned tamɣart ma ɣares ddiset niɣ war ɣares ca, war iqqim ca uraji n 3 n iyuren waxxa qqaren aqa ddin “ṣaaliḥ likulli zaman wa makan”!!!! Sennej i manaya, temsarant tmesřayin war ɣar sent azeǧif ura d idaren di (s yisem n) ddin n waɛraben: izemmar mařa ijj iṭṭeṣ s uɣiř aked tḥenjirt, isnuqqeb itt izemmar ad tt yawi ɣar uneggar s yisem n ddin! Iddakkʷař d lmujrim u d aryaz nnes di tecti d ict ɛala sunnati llahi wa rasulihi!
Manaya marra ɣarsen ḥřař, maca mařa nenna asen aqa tammurt n Tmezɣa war das qqaren ca “lmeɣrib lɛarabi” qqaren as “lmeɣrib ameqqran”; war ǧi ad ac inin aqa ḥram uca ad qqnen aqemmum, ad d kkaren inni iɣrin s řmeqřub ad iřin ad dɛaaaaaaan, ad dɛuuuuun, ar ɣa ssidfen marra iwdan ɣar tmessi, xenni i ɣa ihna cwayt wuř nsen.
I neccin mayemmi marra min ɣa negg rid am nni. Waxxa marra min ɣar neɣ d sseɛdun d tiyyita, neqqim neṣbar. Maca ḥuma ad nettu amezruy nneɣ d yiřes nneɣ, UHU! Tfust n yiḍeṣ war teqqim. Řexxu d tfust n uɣewweɣ d umenɣi d tarezzut x tidett. War iqqim ca wakud n rid am nni niɣ n rid ammu. Amawař n “Lmeɣrib lɛarabi” ad t nendar deg ubuqar n wefraḍ niɣ rid am nni! sminzi aqa iɣum, yarca, iccur s ixarriqen. Uca xenni wi yexsen ad iru, iru, wi yexsen ad yini yini.
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text:
Wp/shi/Tutlayt Tajapunit
Tga Tajapunit (日本語 nihungu), tutlayt ittuysawaln ɣ Japun. Ar tt sawaln 125 umlyun n middn.
Tga tnibunt yat tutlayt tasglutnant.
Amzruy
Idrus mad ittwassnn f uzrmzruy n tutlayt tanibunt nɣ manak°d ad zwar tbayn ɣ tmazirt n nibun.
Iwyn d kra n warratn icinwiyn n tasut ts3 kra n tguriwin tinibunin. iḍrisn ttyaranin s tnibunt ur d baynn ar tasut ts8.
ɣ uzmz n hiyan (794–1185), tugm d tnibunt tazaykut bahra zɣ tcinwiyt ɣ umawal wala
tasnmslit.
Tirra
Ar tssmras tutlayt tanibunt sin wanawn n iwnɣutn:
- id kanji
- id kana
- id hiragana
- id katakana
Iẓḍar yan ad isnfl id kana s kra n tmatarin mẓẓynin bac ad fkn imslitn yaḍnin. snat tmatarin a'illan: dakutin (゛) d handakutin (゜). s umdya (ɣ id hiragana):
- か ka iɣ as nrna dakutin ar ittgga が ga;
- さ sa → ざ za;
- た ta → だ da;
- は ha → ば ba, d iɣ as nga handakutin ar ittgga ぱ pa.
Hirakana
Amawal
llan kraḍ isagmn mqqurnin n umawal ɣ tutlayt tanibunt, yamaṭu kuṭuba (大和言葉) nɣ d wagu (和語), kangu (漢語), d gayraygu (外来語).
asidf n umawal d ikkan tutlayin n uṛubba, gayraygu, ibda d urṭṭal zɣ tbrtqizt ɣ tasut ts16, ḍfurn t tguriwin zɣ thulanḍiyt lliɣ tt inn tkka nibun ɣ uẓlay ɣ uzmz n iḍu. lliɣ tnnurẓm nibun yili usmaynu n miji ɣ tasut ts19 ibda daɣ urṭṭal, maca tikklt ad zɣ talimant, tafṛansist, d tnglizt.
assa, tuggt n umawal urḍil tkka d tanglizt.


text:
TAMURT – Ass-a 30 ɣuct 2020, d ass n umuli n wannay amaziɣ. Annay agi yennulfa-d deg iseggasen nni n 1970, asmi agraw Imaziɣen ar uqerruy-is Mas Bedssaoud Md Arab netta d imeɣnasen n wegraw di talit nni.
Wallan d akken agdud amaziɣ s lekmal-is, ilaq-as wanna-ines ara ten-isdduklen uw akken ara d-binen ger aɛraben-inselmen i Tefriqt Ugafa. Ihi, annay agi, yuɣal s tidett yesddukel meṛṛa imaziɣen anisda ma llan deg umaḍal.
Maca annay agi iban-d ssnen-t akk imaziɣen maca d’Agraw Amaḍlan n Amaziɣ (CMA) it-id-isbanen i si yettassen di ddunit. D agraw-agi (A.A.A) i yebuṭin fell-as deg yiwen n unejmaɛ-nsen di Tarifa (Iles Canarie) deg useggas n 1994, akken imaziɣen sumata ad terren d ayla-nsen u at refden anida ma llan deg umaḍal yal tikelt ara bɣun ad d-sbeggnen iman-nsen d imaziɣen i llan mačči d aɛraben-inselmen.
Amekkan i tutlayt n tyemmatt nneɣdeg ul n Yal Aqbayli d Teqbaylit. Tura ilaq a ken ay Iqbayliyen d Teqbayliyin i yettidiren di tmanaɣt (Alger) d akken tarwa nwen, nkent ad llemden ad ttmeslayen tazwara s taqbaylit di beṛṛa di temdint n Lzayer , mačči kan deg ixxamen am taɣawsa nni si teseḍḥam ad d-beggnem zzat n medden. Taqbaylit neɣ tamaziɣt ad tettwaseqdec deg umeslay, deg tira d yal Aqbayli, d yal Taqbaylit anida ma llan. Ar ass-a, mazal « aɛraben-inselmen, tmesxiren fell-awen u kunwi mazal tettagadem-ten akken ad teqqablem mgal tiddyulugit taɛrabt-tinselment n Lzayer tamharsan si 62 ar tura. D anest-a akk i yessawḍen armi tarwa n Bexta terra-kwen, kent ddawa n idharen-nsen imi testehzanm, tettseḍḥim zzat-sen s lluɣan nwen taqbaylit. Ihi cfut awal agi s ɣur Iqbayliyen d Teqbayliyin aḥruren, nnan awen, akent:
« Win yugin taqbaylit awer timlilit » !
Hand Berkouk


text:
Deg useggʷas n 1991 ggiɣ ict n tɣimit aked ḥenna-s n baba. Deg wakud nni tuɣa ɣares 120 n iseggʷusa. Tenna ayi aqa umi i iǧa itrakkʷař ‘crif’ Muḥemmed ameẓyan ɣar wedrar n Jnada d Tcuket (Ayt Sɛid), tuɣa meřmi teqḍeɛ tarwa! Umi i tt sseqsiɣ x mmis n Ɛebdkrim, tenna ayi: “Iḍennaḍ ɛad a mmi!”.
Da swadday ad kenniw jjeɣ ad tessijjem x wussan i tuɣa iddar weydud deg wakud nni s yiřes n Tɛisat n Jjilali zi tmurt n Tyarenzaɣt i d yusin deg Ayt Sɛid:
Nec: Min iǧa teggen Imaziɣen deg urar nsen?
Taɛisat: Aḥerḥur waha…cwayt n ssisu, takrict, makan aɣrum makan. Teggen tamaraqt d řḥenni di dfuɛ, tiẓewḍiwin n tmaraqt; nhar n tseřit aah ddunya ad ttuyur marra, ad ayment aman zi třimant. Timɣarin xmi traḥent ad ayment aman ….d tenni d ddenya. Tiḥenjiren ceṭṭḥent, aa ɛibad llah, tinneɣni tawyent id izřan..ih.
Nec: Min ɛnan izřan iǧa iǧan di řweqt nni?
Taɛisat:
- Umi d-yuři uyur
- tuři-d ṭṭeyyara
- a ɛmar n wefqer!
- uden n ssiniyya.
Nec: Wi iǧa itraḥen ixeṭṭeb i waryaz?
Taɛisat: Zi ɣa txeḍbed taḥrant war tt tzarred, ḥed war iẓar ḥed. War iǧi ɛada, am nni ḥed war itmeřqi aked ḥed. Zi nhar i ɣa txeḍbed war tt tzarred, tamɣart uřa d aryaz. Aah aqac ijj n yizři tuɣa ttuɣ t:
- Arebbi umi teggid abrid ɣar ujenna,
- ad naři nec d ccek, ad naggʷejj timenna.
Nec: Siweř ayi cwayt x tudart nnem a ḥenna?
Taɛisat: Immut baba ijja ayid di 40 yum war t tekmiř. Nɣin t waɛraben, ǧa iǧa di dzayar, ad t yarḥem arebbi, d aqmarji. Itirar řeqmar di ccarq, ad yeqqim, ad yeqqim, ad ixdem cɣeř nnes, xmi i ɣa ḥarten waɛraben x kanzina nsen uca ad iraḥ ad asen iḥru ayenni uca ad yareggʷaḥ ɣar Tyarenzaɣt. Uca wesmen zzayes waɛraben. Ssenni sseccent (ggin as ssem di macca). Issecc it uqehwaji nni, uca immut. Řemqeddem Hennu i t ineḍřen. Ijja ayid war qfiřeɣ 40 yum. War ixes wuř nnem!
Nec: Wi i cem yarebban?
Taɛisat: Yarebba ayi ijj n ɛemmi. Ǧa ǧiɣ ɣar yemma. Tekka xaneɣ yemma sebɛ snin nettat d tajjač. Wah Tekka xaneɣ sebɛ snin nettat d tajjač. Tekka ɛam u 4 chur nettat tḥeffar iyarni. Necca řeɛgifa, tbisat, armas, tafrawt..war iqqim min war necci. Teqqim xneɣ 7 snin d tajjač ař ami immut jeddi. Yenna yas: [a yeǧi nec war cem sruɣ x tarwa nnem. Ad xasen txedmed, aqqa-ten. Maca mařa texsed ad teqqimed, wc-iten i ɛmumitsen..ad traḥed ad tmeřced.] Nnan as yayetmas aqa ad tewced tarwa nnem i ɛmumitsen, ad teqqimed, ad axneɣ txedmed s řechur. ɛam ɣar Ɛmar, ɛam ɣar muḥend. Ssenni war das iɛjib ca wawař n ayetmas, uca tuyur ɣar ibḍařṣen. Ƴar uneggar, war nufi min ɣa necc, nedweř-d ɣar Tyarenzaɣt, tewca aneɣ yemma i ɛmumitneɣ.
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text:
Artiste / groupe : Inasliyen
Genre : kabyle
Paroles : Idurar / Inasliyen
Ajoutées par : baalalou
Ay idurar n Leqbayel…acḥal zzadwat jeddi ig qubel
Taṣebḥit yekker yelsa arkasen
s wefḍis d wemgar i yezger isafen,
yenheṛ ssin yezgaren
D kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi ay idurar…d kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi id-yeǧǧan amɣar
Ay idurar n Icawiyen…
D iṣmayem i yemgar iḥeṛqan i yerden
dinna ay serwaten akit ayen i d-jemɛen,
am netta am ifellaḥen
D kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi ay idurar…d kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi, d kunwi id-yeǧǧan amɣar
Ay idurar n Iheggaṛen…
Temẓi-s yesɛedda-tt d teqeṭɛit n tɣeṭṭen
Tanalt-is yebḍa-tt d uṭaṛus i t-iṛufqen
imenɛ-it deg lemḥayen
Jeddi, jeddi, jeddi, jeddi d izem n idurar…jeddi, jeddi, jeddi, jeddi i yesɛa d lesrar


text:
Tidɣaɣatin
Tidɣaɣatin (Assaɣ ussnan: Mustelidae) d yiwet n twacult yeṭṭafaren tfesna n temseksumin, iɣersiwen n twacult-a lan (sɛan) tafekka d teɣzi d iṭarren meẓẓiyen akken daɣen i lan ikacbaren deg taggara n tfednin
Tilmas n twacult-a tetten tigemrawin timeẓyanin am temseɣẓaẓ d ibureɣsen, maca tilmas meqqren am umeddurdu tetten-t tigemrawin imeqqren ɣef temseɣẓaẓ
Tidu-twaculin n twacult[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tawacult n tedɣaɣatin tettwagzam ɣef 3 n tdu-twaculin tigjdanin:
Kra n telmest n tedɣaɣatin timezdiyin (mucaɛen):
- Tadɣaɣat: ameẓyan akk deg telmas n tewacult-a, Yegguni deg wučči-ynes af iɣeṛdayen, Yettili s waṭas deg Turuft, Tafriqt n Ugafa d n utaram Asya
- Imziy neɣ tazelkeṭṭa n taydiwin: d aɣersiw yettidiren deg isekla n tayda akk d tumert, Učči-ynes yezzi af igṭaṭ d inẓiden
- Tareddi: D talmest timezdit yakk s waṭas
- Ameddurdu: ameqran deg-sen yakk deg tiddi imi yezmer ad yaweṭ alamma 90 cm
- Anessas: D telmest timikrit (yetturba)
- Azirdyaw neɣ Azeṭṭen: D amerrew azɣaran n unessas
- Aydi n waman: d talmest tamyiwent yettidiren deg waman, ittett iselman


text:
Akken i nuɣ tannumi, tettili-d yal aseggas deg Wat Smaeel tfaska n tmedyezt. Deg-s dɣa ttemlilin-d yiḥeddaden n wawal seg yal Tawilayt, ttemḥizwiren gar-asen s lehdur iweznen iwumu ttaken ṛṛuḥ, ttuɣalen d asefru. D ayen i yeǧǧan ttiead-a, yesea lbenna d taxlaft ɣur yimedyazen d wid iḥemmlen isefra, acku, d tagnit ideg ttemlilint tektiwin, ttemḥennacen wulawen. Seg tama-nniḍen, d ttiead i wid yettnadin tamussni, i wakken yal yiwen ad d-yagem sɣur wayeḍ. Daymi i t-ttraǧun yimedyazen s lḥir d ccuq. Lameena aseggas-a, ffɣent tirga mxalfa, imi taẓrigt tis 18, d tajmilt i umussnaw Muḥend Akli Ḥeddadu, i d-yewwi ad tili deg meɣṛes yezrin, ur tettwaxdem ara.
Tamentilt n uwexxeṛ n tezrigt-a, d aṭṭan n Corona i ibeddlen abrid n ddeqs n tlufa deg umaḍal s umata. Ad d-nesmekti d akken tafeska ur telli n tmedyezt kan, meena deg yiseggasen ineggura, yerna-d ɣur-s umsizwer n tullisin. Γef leḥsab n yimḍebbṛen n tddukkla Adrar n Fad, akken i d-berrḥen deg wayyur n meɣṛes yakan, ssarmen ad d-tili tezṛigt tis 18 mi ara yekfu lhem n Corona. Meena, wissen ma yella ad d-tili teẓrigt n useggas-a, imi d tagrest i d-iteddun. Rnu i waya, iberdan yettawin ɣer tɣiwant-nsen, ur d wid yelhan. Seg tama-nniḍen, mazal anfafad n Corona ittaṭṭaf medden. Ihi asteqsi i mazal ur nesei tiririt, d wa: Wissen ma ad d-tili teẓṛigt n useggas-a neɣ ala?.
K.K.


text:
Deg wass wis sin n uskasi ɣef Uɣawas n tigawt n unabaḍ, wid i d-yemmeslayen zulen ussisen n unabaḍ deg useḍru n wahil « ara izemren ad yerr ɣef wuguren akked liḥala n yimir-a akked tikli n bennu n Lezzayer tamaynut ».
Yers uɣdebbu ɣef yisutren igejdanen n yiɣermanen, ladɣa ayen yerzan tadawsa tanagdudt, asegmi, aselmed unnig, tanezduɣt, tamrest akked tezmert n tiɣin n uɣerman.
Tenna-d Farida Ilimi, d tameɣnast n Tirni n uslelli aɣelnaw, aṭan n unfafad bu tesmert Covid-19 « ulac asefrek asetratijan n tezɣent, ɣef waya i yerwi useddu adawsan yerzan iɣermanen, ladɣa deg wayen icudden ɣer Uksijin akked wid yuḍnen aṭanen ur nḥellu.


text:
Anwa axxam ur ak-nesli? Anwa imi ideg ur uzzilent tezlatin-ik? Ɣas akken ajrad ur yeffiɣ tamurt-ik, ɣas ur tentileḍ di taddart-ik maca ulawen ideg tzedɣeḍ ur ak-ttun, ur qqebblen ad ak-ttun. Tugiḍ tamurt i ak-yugin, tugid akk wid yugin taqbaylit-ik, tɛemmdeḍ asemmiḍ n lɣerba, tɛemdeḍ i wallen-ik ur ẓẓerrent Ǧǧerǧer i ak-iḥeḍren mi i d-tluleḍ, awi-d kan ur tkennuḍ ara sdat n lbaṭel.
Teddreḍ d aɣrib di tmura n medden, ɣas ul-ik warǧin yeǧǧi tamurt-ik. Tecniḍ-t, teḥkiḍ-t i wid akk tessakiḍ, wid-nni ur teǧǧiḍ ad ten-ssegnen wid i ak-yenfan. Ɣas kksen-ak akal ma ad ak-kksen awal? S tidet-ik tenjerḍ abrid i ugdud-ik, s tezlatin-ik tekkseḍ lhiba n isula akked rrehba n tekmamin.
Wwten amek ara ak-ssefḍen, kečč iḍebɛen deg umezruy-nneɣ, nudan ad ak-ssimsen kečč zeddigen am waman n tliwa i ttfeggiḍen di tudrin-nneɣ. Nudan ad ak-afen abrid i wammus, kečč i ten-iqublen s tezdeg. Ilaq ass-a ad teẓreḍ belli nutni mmuten kečč teddreḍ, isem-ik yeṭṭef tasga deg igenni n teqbaylit, isem-ik ittreqriq d itri, itri ur nɣelli ɣas akken aggur yenneḍ fell-as usigna n tatut.
S isefra akked tezlatin-ik, isem-ik tekkseḍ-t-id seg yimi n tatut, teẓẓiḍ-t deg tebḥirt n ccfawat, tnejreḍ-d tala i wawal seg-s ttagment tsutwin i d-iteddun.
Sgunfu ur ceṭṭen ul-ik, ar ass-a mazal lemɛun, awalen d isefra-k deg yimi n warraw n tmurt-ik ttazalen.
Yak teccniḍ-t, tenniḍ-t : »
… Cennuɣ kan ɣef ayen ẓriɣ
Akked wayen i d-ttmenniɣ
Ayen-nniḍen ur t-bɣiɣ ara
Am akken fudeɣ swiɣ
Lḥeqq mi ara t-id-iniɣ
Sdat Ṛebbi ur ugadeɣ ara
Ttnadiɣ sseḥsabeɣ
Di kulleci la ttweḥḥideɣ
Deg ayen a ẓerreɣ di ddunit
La ttɣenniɣ ssefruyeɣ
Ɣef leɛwayed tmurt-nneɣ
Ɣef lḥerma n Teqbaylit…
Anwa i izemren ad yenker ayen iɣef teccniḍ? Amek ara ak-ttun wid i wumi teccniḍ? Ass-a smektayn-k-id, ttmektin-k-id kečč izedɣen ccfawat.
Mačči di lɣerba i tneṭṭleḍ, deg wulawen n yiqbayliyen. Aẓekka-inek di ccfawat.
Irnaten Murad


text:
Iberniyen
iberniyen (Assaɣ usnan: Accipitridae) d yiwet gar n kuẓ (4) n twaculin yeṭṭafaren tafesna n tsekliwin, Tawacult-a tettett seg waṭas n telmas n tgemriwin yemgaraden deg ublɣ, seg tmeẓẓyanin annect n iburɣas ar tmeqranin annect n temsuṭad, Tilmas n twacult-a ttidiren-t yakk deg imenẓawen n tegnit anagar antraktika
Tawacult-a tla (tesɛa) aṭas n tdu-twaculin am iberniyen d ijudar d tsiwanin d tkermeddiwin
Asismel usnan[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Imusnawen gezzmen tawacult n tberniyin deg 5 ar 10 n tdu-twaculin zdint yakk deg yiwet n tasnasileɣt (morphology), Maca aṭas deg-sent lant timsurta yemgaraden s talɣa ney s tayeṭṭ ɣef tiyyad yettusisemlen deg tidu-twaculin nni
Tiwsitin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Tijudar (Aquila)


text:
Etude géolinguistique du champ lexical de la tenue de la femme kabyle « traditionnelle et moderne » en kabyle. Comparaison intradialectale
Date2016
Author
KEBAILI, Hayet
LAMRI, Soumia
MetadataShow full item record
Abstract
Deg ukatay-agi, ad nesleḍ aktawal n tqenduṛt n leqbayel id-negmer si temnaḍt n Tizi Wezzu. I wakken ad yemmed wammud, nekka-d i ddeqs n tɣiwanin di temnaḍt-agi (wali takarḍit 01). Nebɣa ad nẓer amek ttsemmin i tqenduṛt di yal taɣiwant, nga tikerḍiwin akken ad aɣ-d-tban ugar temḍawit tasnalsayt d umgarad gar temnaḍin. Nsegza-d tamḍawit ay d-nemlal di 8 tedgatin. Negmer-d ddeqs n wammuden si temnaḍin-agi ɣur imselɣa n kra n temnaḍin. Deg umahil-nneɣ neṣṣaweḍ njemɛed azal n 250 n iktawalen seg 8 n tɣiwaninagi (Bni dwala, iɛeẓẓugen, Bouzgan, Iwaḍiyen, Draɛ lmizan, Iḥesnawen, Iflisen akked Mɛatqa). Nessaram i tsuta id iteddun ad kemlen inadiyen ɣef wansay-agi i wakken ad seḥbibren ɣef tqenduṛt-agi nneɣ. Di tagara nufad belli yal isem seg uktawal- nneɣ yezmer ad yili d isem aḥerfi neɣ d uddis, am akken yezmer ad yili d asuddim id yekkan seg isem nniḍen. temnaḍt-agi (wali takarḍit 01). Nebɣa ad nẓer amek ttsemmin i tqenduṛt di yal taɣiwant, nga tikerḍiwin akken ad aɣ-d-tban ugar temḍawit tasnalsayt d umgarad gar temnaḍin. Nsegza-d tamḍawit ay d-nemlal di 8 tedgatin. Negmer-d ddeqs n wammuden si temnaḍin-agi ɣur imselɣa n kra n temnaḍin. Deg umahil-nneɣ neṣṣaweḍ njemɛed azal n 250 n iktawalen seg 8 n tɣiwanin-agi (Bni dwala, iɛeẓẓugen, Bouzgan, Iwaḍiyen, Draɛ lmizan, Iḥesnawen, Iflisen akked Mɛatqa). wammuden si temnaḍin-agi ɣur imselɣa n kra n temnaḍin. Deg umahil-nneɣ neṣṣaweḍ njemɛed azal n 250 n iktawalen seg 8 n tɣiwaninagi (Bni dwala, iɛeẓẓugen, Bouzgan, Iwaḍiyen, Draɛ lmizan, Iḥesnawen, Iflisen akked Mɛatqa). Nessaram i tsuta id iteddun ad kemlen inadiyen ɣef wansay-agi i wakken ad seḥbibren ɣef tqenduṛt-agi nneɣ. Di tagara nufad belli yal isem seg uktawal- nneɣ yezmer ad yili d isem aḥerfi neɣ d uddis, am akken yezmer ad yili d asuddim id yekkan seg isem nniḍen.


text:
Ḥusin Ayt Ḥmed d argaz n tsertit, illul deg wass n, 20 ɣuct 1926, deg At Yaḥya di tmurt n Leqbayel, yemmut ass n, 23 duǧember 2015, di Lusan di tmurt n Swis di lɛemmr-is 89 n yiseggasen. Asmi yesɛa 15 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is i yebda amennuɣ-is asertan deg ukabat PPP. Yella gar wid i d-yeslulen Tuddsa tusligt OS anda i yuɣal d imeḍebber amezwaru asmi yemmut Mohamed Belouizdad. Yenfa ɣer tmurt n Maṣer anda yella gar 9 n yiɛeggalen yessedduyen FLN.
Yejbed-d iman deg GPRA akked tuddsiwin akken kan tewwi Lezzayer timunent deg useggas 1962. Syin, yeslul-d akabar FFS i yeṭṭalaben tugdut akked yizerfan n umdan . Yettwaḥbas u yettwaḥkem fell-as s lmut deg useggas n 1964. Yerwel-d deg-s deg useggas n 1966. Yenfa ɣer Swis, ur d-yuɣal ara armi 1988. Syin yeffeɣ daɣen mi yettwanɣa Boudiaf deg useggas 1992.
Tiṭ tettru fell-ak, tettru ɣef tmurt-nni ɣef i tennuɣeḍ. Temmuteḍ d aɣrib anda akken ulac azwu n wakal-ik, anda akken tasa terɣa ɣef yimal yeǧǧan tamurt n Lezzayer. Ass-a, mačči d tajmilt kan i tuklaleḍ, ilaq adlis umezruy ara nelli i wakken ad nwali seg wansi i d-tekkiḍ, d wanda teddiḍ i wakken wid iwumi teɛraq tansa, ad tt-id-afen. Win yuysen ad izer belli asirem yettili deg wul. Sgunfu ɣer tama n wid-nni yefkan iman-nsen i lmut i wakken ad yeḥyu useklu n tudert. Ass-a, kečč ruḥ di talwit, nekni mazal-aɣ deg ubrid-ik
‘’ I kečč ay aneɣmas,
Tigawt d wawal,
Tamuɣli s leqyas,
D usrid ur imal,
Ad nkemmel s tissas,
Tamurt ɣer warraw-is ad tuɣal’’
Chanez Dahlal