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Ɛebdelwaḥed ḤENNU
Yeqqen uxarres n tira n tmaziɣt aked wemxumbel n usekkil. Amxumbel-a yemsebḍa x tlata n yebriden, kul ijjen zeg-sen man amnus i yerbu wi t-iḍefren. imunas-a, qqnen deg waṭṭas n twalatin ɣer tedyulujit d tsertit (Chaker, 2010: 54), kter zeg weswiẓẓeḍ ɣer min yellan d atiqni (Lounaouci,2006: 168). Aṭṭas zeg yinni i yesserɣen tifawin x usentel-a n usekkil, d manaya i ttwalan. Muḥemmed CCAMI, di tadaft-nnes i yegga x yemxumbal n tira n tmaziɣt, di twalat tamezwarut n tmesmunt n tseddawit n unebdu, yenna deg-s belli “astay n ca n usekkil zi tlata-ya n isekkilen i zi nexs a nari tamaziɣt, ittadef deg-s min yellan d asertan, d anamun, d anyiman, kter zi min yellan d atiqni. s uya, afessay n manaya wer ittili illa s werẓam n wemsawal…” (Chami, 1980: 167).
Zi tlata n yeklusay n usekkil i yettemdeḥḥasen x wazzerg n tira n tmaziɣt, kul ijjten zi tarbiɛin i ittḥaman ca n usekkil, mani tetterra astay-nnes. Inni i yeqqaren aqa d asekkil aɛrab i tt-ɣa yeccen, ttwalan manaya yesnejbad ɣer wuɣun n imaziɣen aked ddin-nsen (Khalafi,2000: 59). Zeg uɣezdis nniḍen, inni i yeqqaren belli tamaziɣt wer da mɣar a tt-nari s usekkil-nnes (tifinaɣ), ttwalan-t (asekkil) d lwert n lejdud (Lounaouci,2006: 168), itteqqen iḍennaḍ n imaziɣen aked yiḍa-nsen, itticc-asen min ten-ɣa imeyyzen x yegduden-nniḍen (Khalafi,2000: 59), rni x manaya, d ijj n usekkil yerbu amezruy d ameqqran, asexdem-nnes ad yewc ijj n jjehd i tnettit tamaziɣt (Ameur; Bouhjar; Boukhris; Boukous; Boumalek; El Medlaoui; Iaazzi, 2010: 101). Wer nettettu ɛawed inni i yeqqaren belli asekkil alatan d netta i ɣa inefɛen i tira n tmaziɣt, ttwalan-t yezmer a tt-yejj (tamaziɣt) ad tennurẓem x yedles amaḍlan, d tetiknulujit n jjdid (Abouzaid, 2011: 125), zeg-s, ad terẓem tawwurt n tmetrart (modernité), ad taf amkan-nnes jer tutlayin timeqqranin (Pouessel, 2008).
Zi tannayin i dd-nidar, ittban-dd belli aswaḍ s tiṭṭ n tedyulujit tettejja kul ijjen zeg yinni i yixḍaren asekkil i tira n tmaziɣt, yecqa-t mayemmi i t-yixḍar kter zi min t-tecqa tutlayt i umi ittixḍar asekkil-nni. Amen dd-tusa; mala nrezzu a nari ca n tutlayt, a das-nixḍar asekkil i ɣa yeshewnen tiɣri-nnes d tira-nnes; Ula d axarres-nneɣ ittxessa-t ad yili di tutlayt-nni i umi nettixḍar asekkil, kter zi min ɣa yili i ddin niɣ i tnettit niɣ i umezruy…
Da, wenni i yeqqaren aqa xarrseɣ g usekkil-a, minzi xseɣ tutlayt ad tali, ad teṭṭef di tutlayin timeqqranin n umaḍal, yif i tmaziɣt x wenni i ɣa yinin: ad ixḍareɣ asekkil ḥma iwdan ad ilin udsen ɣer ddin, niɣ ḥma wer ttnesrurufen zeg umezruy-nsen d tnettit-nsen…
- Asekkil i tutlayt? niɣ asekkil i tnettit d umezruy?
Ttwassnent tmura n ugafa n Tefriqt d Sseḥra d Ssaḥel s usekkil yewta iẓewran deg umezruy, ittɛaqqab ɣer lqern wiss VI qbel i tlalit n Yeccu Lmasiḥ (Chaker, 2002; Chaker, 2008; Chaker 2009; Toudji, 2007:136). Da nessawal x usekkil alibyan (libyque), yettwasemma ammu x “Libya” (La Libye), isem-a i ḍelqen yegrikiyen x Tefriqt (Hachid,2000 : 173; Chaker,2009; Ghaki, 2013; Drouin 2013). Uran yimaziɣen s usekkil-a di cchud n imeḍlan, d weẓru, d ukeccuḍ, d yejdi… zi later i yeqqimen d aqdim merra; dinni nnqec i ufin di “Ɛzib n Ikkis” deg Waṭlas ameqqran, d nnqec n thugga (dougga) di Tunes.
Asekkil-a ibedd usexdem-nnes deg ugafa n Tefriqt zi lqern wiss III awarn i Yeccu Lmasiḥ (Aghali-Zakara, 2014), qqimen illa Yetwargiyen ṭṭfen di tira-nsen ɣer lexxu, semman-tent “tifinaɣ”, tira-ya mserwasent aked tira tilibiyin deg waṭṭas n tmeslayin:
- aṭṭas n yisekkilen ttawin-dd g wayawya.
- ttarin manis mma (zi ẓelmeḍ ɣer yeffus, niɣ zi yeffus ɣer ẓelmeḍ, niɣ zi ḍḍher ɣer tisi, niɣ zi tisi ɣer ḍḍher),
- aklasi-ya n tira deg-s illa targalin, ttarin-tent bla yiɣriten.
- wer beṭṭin jer tguri d tguri s lxawi.
S uya, tifinaɣ d ijj n usekkil yeqqen ɣer tira tilibiyin (Aghali-Zakar 2014), ssexdamen-tent yetwargiyen bac ad arin tibratin d tiquḍaḍin waha (s drus n yisekkilen), xmi ttexsen ad arin min yellan d azegrar, swaẓẓaḍen ɣer ca n usekkil-nniḍen, niɣ ɣer ca n tutlayt nniḍen (Galand 1999), asekkil-a, amen i t-ittwala Lionel Galend; wer yelli d asekkil i tira, maca d ijj n tirart ttekkren-dd x-as iḥenjiren zi temẓi, ttbeddalen zeg-s yiḥudriyen tibratin jer-asen (Galand 1999). Rni x manaya, tifinaɣ i ssexdamen Yetwargiyen, msebḍant zeg wemkan ɣer wenniḍen, nezmer a nini belli ɣer-sen isekkilen msebḍan, maca aklasi n tira d ijjen (Casjus 2011).
Asegg°as n 1968, ad munen yimeɣnasen d iqbayliyen di Paris, ḥma ad sbedden ijj n tmesmunt semman-tt “agraw n imaziɣen” L’académie berbère (Lafkioui 2013). Aked imeggura n 1969, d yimezwura n 1970, a dd-banent tfinaɣ s yijj n wudem d jjdid (néo-tifinagh), ɛedlen deg-sent aṭṭas ḥma a dd-asent aked nnuṭq n teqbaylit (El Barkani 2010:71), s uya, saqaren-dd aṭṭas n yisekkilen d imaynuten ɛemmers ma ttuɣa-ten di tfinaɣ qbel (Ameur; Bouhjar; Boukhris; Boukous; Boumalek; El Medlaoui; Iaazzi, 2010:31-32). Amen dinni isekkilen i umi beddlen cckel, d yisekkilen nneɣnit rrin-ten ad ṭṭfen amkan n yeɣriten (voyelles) awarn i umi ttuɣa tifinaɣ tiqdimin wer deg-sent ssexdimen ca iɣriten. Saqaren-dd ɛawed ijj n tmatart (^) i tussi (la gémination), d waṭṭas n ubeddel.
Deg usegg°as n 2003, yeksi IRCAM isekkilen-a s yexf-nsen (néo-tifinagh), aked cwayt n ubeddel, uca yessewjed-aneɣ-dd udem n tfinaɣ i yettwasemman “Tifinagh-IRCAM”. Da ttemrusan yiseqsan: tifinaɣ-a n jjdid, awarn i umi nedwel nbeṭṭa tiguriwin ijten x tenniḍen s lxawi, awarn i umi nedwel nesbana tussi di tira, awarn i umi nedwel nbeṭṭa jer tergalin s yeɣriten, awarn i umi i dd-nsaqar xir-rebbi n yisekkilen d jjdid, awarn i umi nedwel nettari zi ẓelmeḍ ɣer yeffus waha… awarn i kulci manaya, ma aqqa-neɣ arendad i tfinaɣ d tifinaɣ?, niɣ aqqa-neɣ arendad i yijj n weklasi n usekkil ilul-dd asegg°as n 1970 di Paris, zi ssenni ḥellqen-as cwayt di Rrbaṭ asegg°as n 2003?
Yeqqar Miloud Taifi:
“Le tifinagh promu par l’IRCAM est de ce fait introuvable, à moins que les décideurs de L’Institut aient découvert un système d’écriture qui aurait échappé à la vigilance des chercheurs. Rien n’est moins sur, car en réalité, il s’agit du néo-tifinagh. Une invention pure et simple qui date des années 70, c’est à dire dans l’histoire actuelle. Des milieux kabyles parisiens ont essayé à partir des données du lybique et de l’écriture touarègue de construire un système complet, en ajoutant des symboles et pour les consonnes manquantes et pour les voyelles…” (Taifi 2008).
Astay n tfinaɣ i tira, din awarn-as ijj n lxawi n tnettit, din awarn-as taykit s unufsel zeg umezruy mala wer nuri s tfinaɣ. s uya;
- tifinaɣ = amezruy
- tifinaɣ = tanettit
- tifinaɣ = neccin (imaziɣen)
Tlata-ya n teksulin (Équations), d nitenti i yettejjan aṭṭas n yimeɣnasen d yimerzuten ad senjebden ɣer usekkil n tfinaɣ, ttwalan-t yerzef-dd zeg yiḍennaḍ yigg°jen, yezleɣ-dd s ddqel n umezruy, ttwalan-t am ca n uqubbu i di tettban tmaziɣt di tefraz-nnes, di tnettit-nnes, mɣar a das-agg°jen, ttnesrurufen zeg umezruy, ttnestafen zi tnettit… maca di tidet, wa, yallah d ijj n lḥamas (l’enthousiasme) (Galand 1999), wer dd-itterri bu iḍennaḍ yigg°jen, anict n min daneɣ-ɣa yeqbes deg yijj n teɣmert, mani i ɣa nbelleɛ x yexf-nneɣ ijj n ubelleɛ yezmer a daneɣ-ineɣ (Taifi 2008).
Amen neẓra qbel, imaziɣen deg ugafa n tefriqt, llfen i tfinaɣ zi lqern wiss III awarn i Yeccu Lmasiḥ, waxxa qbel ma a das-llfen, wer daneɣ-dd-jjin bu ca n yeḍrisen d imeqqranen, anict n min dd-jjin tifyar (phrases), ccɣel n tebratin d tiquḍaḍin, ca iwḍen ad fehmen lmeɛna-nnes, ca yeqqim ɛad amenni. Kumasan yimaziɣen ad arin tutlayt nsen s usekkil aɛrab zi lqern wiss VIII, zegga i dd-udfen waɛraben ɣer tmura n ugafa n tefriqt. uran deg waṭṭas n yegran n tussna, amen uran ula di ddin, amecnaw lquran n ibureɣwaṭiyen (Chaker 1996). Amen uran ɛawed s usekkil alatan zi lqern XIX, aked trezzutin n yikulunyaliyen. Asekkil-a i ɣer yella lexxu ijj n ddqel d ameqran di tira n tmaziɣt, minzi aṭṭas n min yettwarun zeg-s i yella, la deg yiger n tsekla niɣ deg yiger n tesnilest, niɣ deg usexdem-nnes di tseddawitin d wammasen n trezzutin, d usexdem-nes deg wazzerg n usneɣmes d tracciwin n wemsawaḍ anamun…
Zzat i manaya, ittɣima useqsi: mayemmi tifinaɣ? Ma ḥuma a tent-negg d waf n tnettit d umezruy? niɣ d tidet d asekkil i ɣa ixedmen tutlayt tamaziɣt?
2– Qbel i wemseksi, awarn i wemseksi!
Amseksi n usekkil wer dd-igeɛɛed zi tisi n tegdurt al umi texs tmaziɣt ad tadef ula d nettat ḥuma ad temdeḥḥas aked tutlayin nniḍen i yellan di ssuq n yilsawen di Lmeɣrib, awarn i yinaw n Wajdir (17 zi kṭuber 2001) d uḍahir n wesbeddi n usinag ageldan n tussna tamaziɣt , al umi texs ad teṭṭef amkan-nnes g wazzerg n uselmed d izurag nniḍen n yedles d tsertit… Qbel, ttuɣa ttarin yimaziɣen iḍrisen-nsen iseklanen s usekkil aɛrab d usekkil alatan, asexdem n usekkil n tfinaɣ qbel i usbeddi n Ircam ttuɣa-t yudrus s waṭṭas, niɣ zemreɣ ad iniɣ ɛlayen ttuɣa-t d walu qeɛ. Di Arif, beddu n uzemmem n tmaziɣt ttuɣa-t s usekkil aɛrab, s linjil n Lyasuɛ Lmasiḥ i dd-yeffɣen di Lundun asegg°as n 1887, zi ssenni, ttasen-dd yeḍrisen i zemmemen yiruppawiyen di beddu n lqern XIX s usekkil alatan, ameknaw Sarrionandia d Renissio d Biarnay… a nraja al beddu n ttesɛinat, xenni i dd-ɣa sfuffyent tira deg yedlisen s usekkil aɛrab, aked wamud n Sellam Ssemɣini “Ma tukid aked leḥriq-inu” asegg°as n 1992, d wamud n yezlan n Ḥmed Zzeyyani “Ad ariɣ deg weẓru” i dd-yessufeɣ asegg°as n 1993, d wamud n Saɛid Lmusawi “yesfuffi-dd uɛeqqa” asegg°as n 1994, xenni ɛad i dd-ɣa yas wedlis amezwaru i yuran s usekkil alatan, netta d amud n yezlan n Lwalid Mimun “zi radjaɣ n tmurt, ɣer ruɛra ujenna”, yeffeɣ-dd asegg°as n 1994. Maca qbel ma a dd-ffɣen yedlisen-a, ttuɣa dinni tisurifin i tegga tmesmunt n “Linṭilaqa ttaqafiya” asegg°as n 1979, s wesmuni n tqessisin n waṭṭas n yezlawiyen urant s usekkil alatan d usekkil aɛrab. Wer nettettu ɛawed min smunen yimerzuten n tsekla d tesnilest, di trezzutin-nsen i ggin x tmaziɣt n Arif. Asekkil n tfinaɣ, wer dd-ittbin deg wazzerg n uzemmem n tsekla di Arif al asegg°as n 2005, aked wamud n Saɛid Aquḍaḍ “Tiqqedt”, i dd-yefser usinag ageldan n tussna tamaziɣt s tnayen n wudmawen n tira: udem n tfinaɣ d wudem n usekkil aɛrab. Dinni ɛawed idlisen ffɣen-dd s usekkil n tfinaɣ waha, ssufɣen-ten-dd yimerzuten n usinag ageldan n tussna tamaziɣt, merra qqnen ɣer tsekla n yimeẓẓyanen. Ameknaw min yura Ɛebdesslam Xalafi : “Ikfar anaẓur” 2005, “Istis n tmurt” 2007, “Tarwa n tmurt” 2008, “Tifyur d tiftafukt” 2008, “tamurt n tcuni” 2012, “Tizlatin n tejḍiḍin” 2019. D tmezgunin n yimeẓẓyanen i yura Fuad Aẓerwal: “Imma” 2007, “Tawuri tuf” 2008, “Arbaten d wasif” 2008, “Tageldunt d tledjikt tazegg°aɣt” 2015. D tzemmar i tegga Bucra Lberkani deg yiger n tezlatin d tenfas n yimeẓẓyanen: “Tizlatin n yimeẓẓyanen” 2013, “Tinfusin n yimeẓẓyanen” 2013. Wer nettettu iḍrisen i dd-yusin deg yedlisen n inelmaden “Tifawin a tamaziɣt”.
Ittɣima a nini belli taqbaylit, mala nesmqudda-tt aked tmaziɣin nniḍen deg ugafa n Tefriqt, d nettat i ɣer yella yijj n umezruy yufes, n tira s usekkil alatan, werten-t zi terzutin i ggin yefransisen d yeqbayliyen i yeṭṭfen asafu n tira awern-asen. Zeg yimezwura i yuran taqbaylit s usekkil alatan, dinni Shaw di teḥkayt n umuddu “le récit du voyage” asegg°as n 1738, zi ssenni ittas-dd Hanoteau 1858 i yessun abrid amezwaru n tira s usekkil alatan (Amaoui 2016: 120), dinni ɛawed G.Huyghe 1901… zi ssenni ttasen-dd ca n yeqbayliyen i ɣa yerren taynit i tutlayt-nsen, a tt-arin, a zeg-s arin, ameknaw Boulifa d Ben Khouas d Ben Sedira d Cid Kaoui… d yefransisen i dd-yusin aked yimezwura n lqern XX, ameknaw R.Basset d H.Basset d A.Roux d A.Picard… (Chaker 1984: 55,56).
S lxezrat-nneɣ ɣer min yuran s tmaziɣt, nettaf min yellan s tfinaɣ waha yudrus, nettaf-it ɛawed yeqqen ɣer tsekla n yimeẓẓyanen waha (tinfas d tezlatin d tmezgunin), maca min dd-ssufuɣen yinni ittarin tamaziɣt, iɣelleb x-as usekkil alatan, dinni min dd-itteffɣen ɛawed s usekkil aɛrab i idewlen ittɛaqqab usexdem-nnes di tira n tmaziɣt ɣer deffar, amen dinni idlisen i dd-itteffɣen s tnayen n wudmawen n tira; tifinaɣ d ulatan niɣ di drus n twalatin; tifinaɣ d usekkil aɛrab.
3- Tifinaɣ, i tmaziɣt? Niɣ ḥuma ad yenfekk umenɣi?
Amen neẓra, astay n usekkil wer ittili ca jer yifassen n yinni ixeddmen deg wazzerg n tutlayt, anict n min ittraja tafḍist n tsertit d tedyulujit a zeg-s dd tehwa d tikti x uzellif n tutlayt. Astay n usekkil n tfinaɣ, yebda-dd ɣer umezwaru d amseksi jer wawmaten, qbel i x-asen dd-ɣa xeccen yayt n tedyulujit n tmeslemt ḥuma a dd-xergen tawwurt n usentel-a, ad ssekkren ula d nitni ḥaylala ḥuma ad xsen ad ssidfen asekkil aɛrab. (Elmedlaoui 2007).
Awarn i uḍahir n wesbeddi n IRCAM, ttuɣa dinni ijj n umseksi x usekkil, mradafen deg-s yimeɣnasen d yimerzuten n tmaziɣt di win jer-asen, s texzarin wer bnint ca x tmessna, anict n min bnant x wesyeddi n jjehd d wezlay n ufus. Minzi ttuɣa dinni wi ixezzaren ɣer wesbeddi n IRCAM, am ca n usiɣi n ufus tegga-t ddewla i yimaziɣen, minzi tegg°ed zi jjehd n umussu amaziɣ! (Elmedlaoui 2007).
Ajbad-a x yiɣess, x usentel n “minzi i ɣa nari tamaziɣt”, yeswiẓẓeḍ zi leswar n IRCAM, ɣer weḥsin n tmesmunin timaziɣin, i ɣa imunen di temdint n Meknas, ḥuma a ssenni dd-ffɣent s yijj n ulaɣi ass n 05 zi kṭuber 2002, ttettren deg-s ad yili ulatan, d netta d asekkil n tira n tmaziɣt. awarn i manaya s drus, a dd-yeffeɣ yijj n ulaɣi nneɣni sinyint deg-s 65 n tmesmunin, ttettrent bac ad yili usekkil aɛrab d netta i tt-ɣa yeccen deg wazzerg-a n tira n tmaziɣt. s manaya, yemmerni jjehd n tebridt i ittettren asexdem n usekkil aɛrab, awarn i umi d nettat i ttuɣa yellan d tabridt ɣer-s drus n yewdan i ɣer-s yesnejbaden. Yemmerni ddexxan n umenɣi-ya n usekkil s wadaf n yisertanen i yeksin tayedyulujit n tmeslemt, amecnaw Ḥmed Rrisuni, amɣar n Ttewḥid Wel’islaḥ, i yessekken tabrat i Muḥemmed Cafiq i ttuɣa yellan x yexf n usinag, yeqqar-as belli astay n ulatan, d amẓeryaḍ deg weḥsin n uḥewwas, d ijj n westay d akulunyal! (Elmedlaoui 2007).
Lumi ruḥen bac ad cedden awal x man asekkil i ɣa yilin i tira n tmaziɣt, iwḍen ɣer westay (vote), di twalat tamezwarut, ttuɣa dinni amradas jer tfinaɣ i dd-yiwyen 14 n yibunetwen, d ulatan i dd-yiwyen 13, qqimen 5 yiwey-iten-dd usekkil aɛrab. Awarn i umi ufin taɛejjajt tekker, asekkil alatan wer yezmir ad yeɛdu, dewlen ɣer westay i twalat wiss tnayen, mani i tedwel tendut n tfinaɣ tehwa, s 28 n yipuntuten, aked 8 i usekkil alatan (Abrous 2017: 275).
Yeqqar Ḥmed Ɛasid, belli Asinag ageldan n tussna tamaziɣt yessili rray-nnes ɣer ujellid, awern-as yesmun-dd imɣaren n ikabaren isertanen, akid-sen imcawren n ujellid; Muḥemmed Muɛtasim d Meẓẓyan Bellefqih, uca yessers-asen-dd rray n IRCAM. 31 n yikabaren merra qeblen, tnayen i yeqqimen ugin, akabar n listiqlal d PJD. (Assid 2020). Zi 10 febrayer 2003, yedwel tifinaɣ d asekkil unsib i tira n tmaziɣt.
Ixḍaren tifinaɣ, urid minzi d ijj n usekkil yeksi tanettit, niɣ yewta iẓewran deg umezruy, manaya ittɣima d awal txess-it aṭṭas n tidet. Asekkil n tira n tmaziɣt ssidfen-t deg yijj n umenɣi, uca ssidfen-dd tifinaɣ ad txeyyeḍ s ufilu acemlal, ḥuma kul ijjen ad yeqqim di lxaḍer-nnes. Da, tifinaɣ d afilu acemlal, d aman i yesxesyen timess n usekkil, ddexxan-nnes ssilyen-t yimaziɣen ɣer umezwar di win jer-asen.
4- Imɛunnaj n tfinaɣ?
Lexxu aqqa-neɣ arendad i tnayen n yebriden: ijj n webrid yeqqar belli negga mliḥ umi nixḍar tifinaɣ, minzi d ijj n usekkil-nneɣ, maca a daneɣ-yawi aṭṭas n wakud. Abrid nniḍen ittwala belli tifinaɣ tehwa-dd x weɛrur n tmaziɣt, d ijj n ddqel wer tzemmer a zeg-s tessurf, d ijj n ddqel i tt-ɣa yesberken ɣer tmurt, kter zi min zeg-s ɣa yali ḥuma ad teṭṭef amkan-nnes jer yilsawen.
Xmi nxezzar ɣer yipanuten i yuran s tfinaɣ x wudmawen n tedbilin (Administrations) d tsuda (institutions) d yebriden … nettaf deg waṭṭas n twalatin sseɛbubbuzen isekkilen n tfinaɣ, ttsaqaren-dd awal wer yezmir ḥedd a t-iɣer, wer ɣer-s ula d ijj n lmeɛna, niɣ ttarin isem s taɛrabt niɣ s tefransist, ttejjan-t amenni, uca qellben-t ɣer yisekkilen n tfinaɣ. amen tesskan tfelwit-a:
Zi min ittbanen, ismawen n imukan-a, wer ttwaggen ca s tfinaɣ ḥuma a ten-iɣer umaziɣ, ad yessen min ɛnan. Da, axmi i daneɣ qqaren: mala texsem ad tessnem min teɛna tsudut-a (institution), aqqa-tt dinni tura s taɛrabt d tefransist, ma tamaziɣt, negga-tt da maḥend ad qqimen yimaziɣen di lxaḍer-nsen waha, tifinaɣ negga-tent da, ḥuma xmi i deg-sent ɣa xzaren yimaziɣen ad akan s tnettit!. Axmi tamaziɣt wer nexs bu a zeg-s nɣer, a zeg-s nessen, nexs ad teqqim d taɛessast n taykit-nneɣ, a deg-s nettwala tifraz n tnettit-nneɣ, am ca n ufuṭu n tḥennat, nugel-it deg wexxam ḥuma a tt-dd-nettfekkar zi twalat ɣer tenniḍen.
Meɛlik i ttuɣa ismawen n yimukan i uran s tfinaɣ, uran-ten s usekkil alatan, wer zemmren ca a deg-sen ggen ilefaten-nni n yifayuten, minzi asekkil alatan yettwassen ɣer yewdan merra, lɛib di tira-nnes deɣya ad iban. Wer zemmren ad arin: “ⵍⵃⴽⵊⵢⵏ ⵍⵀⵖⵙⴼⴽⴷ ⵍⵀⴳⵎ” niɣ “ⴷⴻⵍⴻⴳⴰⵜⵉⵄⵏ ⴷⵓ ⵜⵄⵓⵔⵉⵙⵎⴻ ”… minzi merra wenni i dd-ɣa yekken a tt-iɣer, ad yessen illa d abusar.
Sennej i manaya, imeɣrabiyen ssalayen di ccan n tefransist, s uya, lebda, deg yemsagaren zzat i kamira, nettaf inni i yessawalen ddarija, ttexsen a dd-ssidfen awalen n tefransist, ḥuma a dd-banen deg yijj n weswir yuɛla. Amenni ula d asekkil alatan i zi nnumen ttarin tafransist d teglanzit…, ttwalan-t d ijj n usekkkil ɣer-s ccan x usekkil aɛrab. Di twengimt-nsen, yeksi usekkil alatan ijj n temkant tuɛla x tenni i yeksi usekkil aɛrab. S uya, mala nura ipanuten d wudmawen n tedbilin s usekkil alatan, waxxa ggin-t adu usekkil aɛrab (amen i das-tteggen i tfinaɣ), waxxa uran-t s tira d tizzdadin x tinni i zi uran taɛrabt (amen i das-tteggen i tfinaɣ), waxxa min ma ggin-as, ittɣima usekkil alatan yuɛla x taɛrabt, ula d tutlayt i yerbu ittɣima ɣer-s ccan-nnes.
Zeg uɣezdis nniḍen, isekkilen n tfinaɣ mquddan di tira-nsen, wa wer yeɛdu wa, illa asekkil “ⴰ” i yellan d ameẓẓyan. S uya, bac ad teɣred aṭṭas n yeḍrisen di twala d ijjt, tessaḥaled tiṭṭawin, minzi wer dinni bu yisekkilen mseɛdun di tiddi ḥuma ad jjen taguri deɣya tettmeksi-dd ɣer tiṭṭ. Rni x manaya, dinni aṭṭas n yisekkilen ttawyen-dd deg wayawya, ttemxerwaḍen deg-sen yiḥenjiren imeẓẓyanen, amecnaw: ⵡ d ⵎ, ⴽ d ⵇ, ⵕ d ⵚ, ⴱ d ⵀ, ⵔ d ⵙ.
Wer nettettu ca ɛawed belli deg yismawen n yewdan niɣ n yimukan, ittili usekkil amezwaru d ameqqran (Majuscule). Ameknaw: “Anir, Tifawt, Temsaman, Fransa…” , maca s tfinaɣ, wer nzemmer ca a ten-nari s usekkil d ameqqran, minzi tifinaɣ wer deg-s ca, s uya ttɣiman amenn: “anir, tifawt, tmsaman, fransa”. Manaya, ittaweḍ a daneɣ yegg imxumbal am min nettwala di tfelwit-a:
Nettwala belli asekkil alatan, yezmer a daneɣ-yessiweḍ bac a nefrez jer “Taziri” isem n tḥenjirt, d “taziri” i yellan deg ujenna, yezmer a daneɣ yessiweḍ a nefrez jer “icemlalen” i yellan d iwdan, d “Icemlalen” i yellan d isem n wemkan. Manaya wer izemmer ca usekkil n tfinaɣ a t-yegg.
5- Ɣer umeggaru
Arendad i min nezra, zi texzarin i ittrebban tsa x tfinaɣ ḥma ad qqiment d aɛessas n umezruy d tnettit, waxxa wer zeg-sent tessuruf tutlayt ssa al diha, amen tzemmer ad tessurf s usekkil alatan, ttwaliɣ tira n tmaziɣt, udfent s tfinaɣ deg yijj n tmesseḥsart tesseggur ɣer weqqan. Manaya, yeḥdaj ijj n uxarres yemɣar, d wedwal ɣer min negga s tfinaɣ zi 2003 al lexxu. A nenneḍ, a nenneḍ, a naf belli wer tt-ittett illa usekkil alatan.
Tisedwalin:
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POUESSEL, S., (2008) : “Écrire la langue berbère au royaume de Mohamed VI: les enjeux politiques et identitaires du tifinagh au Maroc”, Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la Méditerranée, Université de Provence, 124, pp.219-239.
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عبد السلام خلفي (2000): « اللغة الأم وسلطة المأسسة: مبحث في الوضعية اللغوية والثقافية بالمغرب« ، مطبعة أمبريال، الرباط.
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محمد المدلاوي المنبهي (2007): « فصيلة الأسئلة المغيَّبة في النقاش حول حرف كتابة الأمازيغية« ، الحوار المتمدن-العدد: 1998 – 2007، http://www.ahewar.org/debat/show.art.asp?aid=104891&r=0
مفتاحة عامر؛ عائشة بوحجر؛ فاطمة بوخريص؛ أحمد بوكوس؛ عبد الله بومالك؛ محمد المدلاوي؛ المهدي إعزي، (2010): « خط وإملائية الأمازيغية« ، ترجمة فؤاد ساعة، منشورات المعهد الملكي للثقافة الأمازيغية.
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ظهير شريف رقم 299-01-1 (17 أكتوبر 2001) صادر في 29 من رجب الخير 1422 يقضي بإحداث المعهد الملكي للثقافة الأمازيغية. الجريدة الرسمية رقم 4948 الصادرة يوم الخميس 1 نونبر 2001.


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Ɛ. ḤENNU
Zegga i yeffeɣ uḥewwas zi tmurt n Lmuɣrib, ṭṭfen x-as lemfateḥ yewdan i ɣer tella lxezrat n usemẓi d useɛqer i merra min yellan d amaziɣ. Manaya iban-dd zeg isegg°usa imezwura n wesbeddi n yijjen ddewla d tatrart. Umi i xsen ad ssersen aẓru n ddsas i uselmed di Lmuɣrib, reẓmen tiwura i yijjen tiwura n yijjen tsertit tasnilest (politique linguistique) tebna x wesɛarreb. Ttebcayar n wesɛarreb ttuɣa banent-idd zi qbel, maca deg usegg°as n 57, umi tessers tyemmunt tajeldant n weɛdal n uselmed (la Commission Royale de la Réforme de l’Education) rebɛa n ipilaren x-asen ɣa ibedd wexxam n uselmed, zeg ipilaren-a nettaf dinni asɛarreb.
Inni i yessugguren tamurt n Lmerruk sxinectaren qbala deg isuraf n wesɛarreb, s wesbeddi n usinag n tɣuriwin d trezzutin i wesɛarreb (Institut d’Etudes et de Recherchespou l’Arabisation) asegg°as n 1960, d udustur amezwaru n Lmerruk i yettwaggen asegg°as n 1962, i di dd-yusa belli Lmerruk, tutlayt-nnes tunsibt nettat d taɛrabt. Asegg°as-nni s yexf-nnes, ad ggen taɛrabt d tutlayt i ɣa yilin deg uselmed amenzu.
Tamaziɣt i ttuɣa yellan d iles n wemsawaḍ jer yewdan di merra min tteḥdajan, di tfellaḥt d leswaq d izurag… Tedwel d ijjen yiles wer ɣer-s bu wemkan di lidarat d sekwilat n ddewla tatrart. Yedwel umezduɣ amaziɣ wer iqeṭṭi lɣaraḍ-nnes di ca n lidara illa mala yessen taɛrabt. D manaya i yejjin taɛrabt a ɣer-s yili yijjen wemkan yemɣar x wenni i yellan ɣer tmaziɣt. Taɛrabt d iles i yellan di sekwilat, d iles i yellan di lekwaɣeḍ, d iles i iqeṭṭan lɣaraḍ. D manaya i t-yejjin ad yeẓẓuɣer ajertil adu yiles amaziɣ, a kid-s yemdeḥḥas deg wemkan n usexdem-nnes. Alami aṭṭas n imukan mani i ttuɣa ssawalen yewdan tamaziɣt, dewlen tarwa-nsen d wayyawen-nsen ssawalen taɛrabt.
Aked ineggura n ssettinat, d imezwura n ssebɛinat, ad kumasan imaziɣen i yeɣrin, ad fetnen aked tsertit-a i di tugur ddewla i ixeddmen tadyulujit n wesɛarreb, tneqq tamaziɣt s merra min ɣer-s yeqqnen n tnettit d tdelsa d tutlayt… Manaya ttuɣa yeggur x uɣezdis n min ittemsaren di Lezzayer, kter ɛad, di Leqbayel. D aya i ɣa yejjen aṭṭas n imeɣnasen d idelsanen d imussnawen imaziɣen, ad xellsen x webrid i ḍefren. Zeg-sen wi yettwakren wer ibin ɣer lexxu, am wesniles amaziɣ Bujemɛa Hebbaẓ i yettwaksin asegg°as n 1981, wer yessin ḥedd mani yella ɣer lexxu. Zeg-sen ɛawed Ɛali Sidqi Azayku i yettwaḥebbsen ass n 9 zi yulyuz 1982, x yijjen umegrad yura-t, azwel-nnes: “Deg webrid bac a nefhem nican tadelsa-nneɣ tanamurt”…. zeg-sen ɛawed Qaḍi Qeddur i yettwanɣen s yijjen laksida deg-s inna!…
Rrbu-ya n ufaqi n imaziɣen, aked tsertit n wesɛarreb i imeḥḥan tanettit-nsen, yessiweḍ-iten ḥuma ad sbedden tamesmunt tamezwarut asegg°as n 1967. Tnayen n isegg°usa awern-as, a dd-tlul yijjen tmesmunt nniḍen qqaren-as Agraw n imaziɣen (l’Accademie Berbère) di Paris, bedden x-as ca n imeɣnasen d iqbayliyen. D ta d tamesmunt i dd-ɣa yesfaqen tabridt n tira s tfinaɣ, i ttuɣa yellan d isekkilen ttarin zeg-sen imaziɣen n Sseḥra waha.
Awaren-as, ad kumasant a dd-banent tmesmunin nniḍen i yejjin later-nsent deg wazzerg n tdelsa tamaziɣt, d min wcint ɛawed deg usewjed n inaẓuren d yewdan i yeggin tarezzut di tmaziɣt d lqibelt n trezzut x tidet d wexbac x iẓewran. Zi tmesmunin-a, dinni “Linṭilaqa ttaqafiya” di Nnaḍur, i dd-ilulen ass n 22 yennayr 1978. Ttuɣa yesseggura-tt wemɣar-nnes Qaḍi Qeddur, i ttuɣa yellan d asniles, d amselmed di tseddawit n Fas. Aked uɣezdis-nnes, banen-dd yismawen nniḍen recmen azzerg n tẓuri d tdelsa tamaziɣt di Nnaḍur d Arif, d Lmerruk amen yekmel. Zeg-sen: Marẓuq Lweryaci, Muḥemmed Ccami, Ḥusayen Lqamari, Ḥmed Aquḍaḍ, Faḍma Lweryaci, Ḥmed Benjilali, Muḥemmed Busḥaḥ, Ɛellal Cileḥ, Saɛid Lmusawi, Muḥemmed Ṭṭufali, Lwalid Mimun… Ismawen-a, d yismawen nniḍen, ca ilul-dd aked Linṭilaqa, ca nneɣni iɛan ɣer-s bac ad teṭṭef isuraf-nnes deg yiger n tdelsa d tutlayt tamaziɣt, al ɣa tedḥa d itri, tfawt-nnes aqqa-tt ɛad wer texsiy ɣer lexxu.
Dinni ɛawed tamesmunt n Tamaynut i ibedden asegg°as n 1978, Awarn i Linṭilaqa Ttaqafiya s drus. A dd-tlul ɛawed asegg°as n 1979, yijten zi tmesmunin timeqqranin i yeggin isuraf mɣaren deg yiger adelsan amaziɣ, nettat d tamesmunt n tseddawit n unebdu. Tamesmunt-a i yeggin twala tamezwarut n tseddawit n unebdu asegg°as n 1980, i yettwassnen s wemherwaḍ deg waṭṭas n iɣezdisa n tussna d umezruy d tesnilest d tsekla… Ḥeḍren deg-s yismawen ɣer-sen lewzen-nsen deg umussu amaziɣ, amecnaw Qaḍi Qeddur d Muḥemmed Cafiq d Merẓuq Lweryaci d Ḥmed Bukus d Muḥemmed Ccami… Zi ssenni, tracca n tmesmunin timaziɣin ad temmerni asegg°as awarn i wenniḍen, kter ɛad deg isegg°usa n ttesɛinat, mani i dd-ɣa bbɛebɛent tmesmunin s waṭṭas d merra tineddam d ibilajen. Lexdenni ɛawed i dd-ɣa iban yijjen webrid di nnaqaba n imeḥḍaren di tseddawit, ittegg isuraf d imaziɣen, yeksi x yiri-nnes leḥmel n tɣawsa tamaziɣt zi ɣer daxxel n UNEM. Nessawal da x MCA di tseddawit, i yiwḍen bac ad temneɛ ixf-nnes deg yijjen wammas n wemsiqḍi aked lemwaj n uxarres n tuɛɛerba i ttuɣa yellan deg wazzerg n tseddawit.
Deg usegg°as n 1991, a dd-yeffeɣ yijjen lmitaq i ɣa yesmunen rray n setta n tmesmunin timaziɣen, di twala wiss rebɛa n tseddawit n unebdu. Zi tmesmunin i isinyin x lmitaq-a, dinni AMREC d tmesmunt n tseddawit n unebdu di Agadir, d tmesmunt n Aɣris di Gelmima, d tmesmunt Tamaynut di Arbaṭ, d tmesmunt n Ilmas di Nnaḍur d tmesmunt tadelsant n Sus di Ddalbiḍa. Lmitaq-a i di ɣa ttwaksint waṭṭas n tutriwin i twalat tamezwarut, zeg-sent asidef n tmaziɣt di ddustur d ijjen tutlayt d tanamurt aked uɣezdis n taɛrabt, d usufeɣ n yijjen usinag n tɣuriwin d trezzutin n tmaziɣt, ad ibedd x tmeslayin-a: ad yegg tabridt n tira d ijjten i tmaziɣt (wer dd-yusi ca man asekkil i zi ttwalan ad tettwari tmaziɣt), d wesmuni n tutlayt ḥuma ad tili d ijjten, d usewjed n yedlisen d tmeslayin i ɣa yeshewnen adaf n tmaziɣt deg yiger n uselmed di Lmerruk.
Zi tutriwin n lmitaq-a, dinni ɛawed i twalat tamezwarut ttren deg-s asidef n tmaziɣt deg uselmed, di sekwilalt d tseddawitin. Amen ttren ɛawed a das-tettwawc i tmaziɣt tesɣart-nnes di rraḍyu d wetlibizyun.
Isegg°usa n ttesɛinat ttuɣa ccuren s temsarin i ɣa ibeddlen lxezrat n umussu amaziɣ di Lmerruk. Kter ɛad zegga i tebda tettiriw tisi n imeɣnasen i yekksin amnus n tɣawsa tamaziɣt, d wembezzaɛ n tmesmunin di ɛlamkul abilaj d temdint, d uḍuqqeẓ n umussu adelsan amaziɣ di tseddawitin i yedḥan d ijjen nnumru wer yelli wi t-ɣa yeɛdun.
Awarn i tnayen n isegg°usa x lmitaq, ad yedḥa d ijjen tewriqt d tadyulujit imun x-as weglaf n tmesmunin (11 n tmesmunin), ggint asɣim anamur-nsent. A dd-taweḍ tsersiwt n 1 mai 1994, ad yemsar yijjen wemradaf jer umussu amaziɣ d lmexzen, xmi i ɣa ttwaṭṭfen imeɣnasen n tmesmunt n Tilelli di Rracidiya, zegga i ksin ijjen llafita tura s tfineɣ, ttettren deg-s asenseb n tmaziɣt di ddustur n Lmerruk. Manaya i ɣa yejjen amussu amaziɣ ad iɣewweɣ, ad yemmerni jjehd n tmesmunin. X-as uca tus-dd tsersiwt n yinaw n Lḥasan wiss 2 di 20 ɣuct 1994, i yessiwlen i twalat tamezwarut x usidef n tentalatin timaziɣin di sekwila tamerrukt.
Awarn i manaya, a dd-yas wemsawaḍ n imaziɣen n Lmerruk aked imaziɣen n tmura nneɣni di Tmezɣa, zeg-s, xarrsen deg usiweḍ n tɣawsa-nsen ɣer umaḍal. D manaya i ttuɣa yellan, sbedden akungris amaḍlan amaziɣ (CMA) asegg°as n 1995, agraw amezwaru n wesbeddi ttuɣa-t di Fransa. Agraw amezwaru ad yili di tegzirin tiknariyin asegg°as n 1997, agraw wiss tnayen di Lyun di Fransa asegg°as n 1999, agraw wiss tlata di Bruksil asegg°as n 2002, agraw wiss rebɛa di 2005 di temdint n Nnaḍur, ttuɣa-t d wenni d agraw amezwaru di tmurt n Tamezɣa, d wenni d agraw aneggaru qbel i wegraw i di ɣa msebḍan imaziɣen jer yinni i yexsen ad ggen agraw di Meknas, d yinni i yexsen a t-ggen di Tizi Wezz di Lezzayer.
Di 22 yunyu 1996, munent 18 n tmesmunin, sqadent ijjen tebrat i ujellid, ttetrent deg-s bac ad yessidef tamaziɣt deg udustur i dd-ɣa yeffɣen d jjdid, i ɣa yeṭṭfen amkan n udustur n 62 i di ttuɣa wer telli jjurret n tmaziɣt. Tabrat-a tessers ɛawed afus x tɣuni n Lmeɣrib ɣer Tefriqt d Tmiditiranit, deg wemkan n weqqan-nnes aked ccerq.
Zi 96 sennej, ad terreẓ tmunt tanamurt n tmesmunin timaziɣin, zegga i dd-mmernint waṭṭas n tmesmunin zeg waṭṭas n imukan di Lmerruk. D aya i ɣa yewcen tfawt tazegzawt n umuni n tmesmunin di kul jjihet. Bdant asegg°as n 1998, 12 n tmesmunin zi Arif ggint ijjen tkunfidiralit di Arif. Aked uɣezdis n tkunfidiralit-a, ttuɣa dinni tayemmunt n Qaḍi Qeddur, zeg-s ad ttceddant awal tmesmunin di win jer-asent x min itthemman iger adelsan amaziɣ di Arif. Maca wer din min tekka uca yewta deg-s lbaz. Deg wadday n Lmerruk, ad tbedd yijjen tkunfidiralit nniḍen qqaren-as “tamunt n yeffus” di lwesṭ n Lmerruk, tban-dd dinni tmunt n “Amyafa”.
Yemmerni jjehdi n umussu amaziɣ, tiriw tisi n tmeɣnasin d imeɣnasen-nnes, maca tkumasa tettban-dd tazzit i zi dd-ittadef usemmiḍ i ittejjan amsefham wer ittili x ca n tmeslayin deg umussu-ya. Tareẓẓit n tmunt tanamurt d wedwal ɣer lxedmet di tmunin di kul jjihet, yesskan ɣer cwayt n wenhezzi i yerẓin ca zi leḥyuḍ n tmunt n umussu amaziɣ. Maca waxxa amenni, Lḥukuma n Lyusfi di 1998 tessiwel i twalat tamezwarut x tmaziɣt, tenna x-as belli d ijjen uɣezdis d ameqqran zi tnettit tanamurt, X-as, uca a dd-yas lmitaq anamur n usegmi d uselmed i dd-yidaren tamaziɣt di lmadda 115 d 116, bac ad tili d ijjen tutlayt a x-as ɛemmden ḥuma ad tessehwen aselmed n tutlayt tunsibt i yellan d taɛrabt.
Asemẓi i yegga lmitaq zi tmaziɣt yejja imaziɣen ad xarrsen deg usurif n “Tawada”, bac ad ṭṭfen di tutriwin-nsen, d min xsen i tɣawsa-nsen. Asegg°as n 2000, a dd-yari Muḥemmed Cafiq ijjen ulaɣi yessers-dd deg-s ul n uxarres n min ɣer yiweḍ uxarres n umussu Amaziɣ di Lmerruk. Manaya, yessenhezz cwayt amussu amaziɣ, s tegrawin d yemsagaren i di ttuɣa ttemharwaḍen x min dd-yusin deg ulaɣi n Cafiq.
Alaɣi-ya i ɣa yilin d tisi i xef ɣa yemmers useqsi n “min ɣa negg?”, niɣ aseqsi n man abrid ɣa yeḍfer umussu amaziɣ di Lmeṛruk?. Manaya yesban-dd tlata n yebriden: abrid i ittlaɣan ɣer wesbeddi n yijjen ukabar d asertan ad yeksi amnus n tɣawsa tamaziɣt, di lweqt mani azzerg asertan d ikabaren n Lmerruk wer dd-rrin qeɛ lexber i tmaziɣt. Abrid wiss tnayen ittlaɣa ɣer wesbeddi n yijjen tmesmunt ɣer-s isuraf d isertanen, zeg-s ad yesmun umussu amaziɣ ijjen lxezrat d tasertant ɣer tɣawsa tamaziɣt. abrid aneggaru ilaɣa ɣer lxedmet zi ɣer daxxel n yijjen umussu d asertan, ad tili tigg°ej x ikabaren, wer tettexs bu ad teḥkem. Tawriqt-a yus-dd zeg-s Umussu adelsan amaziɣ di tseddawit (MCA), isemma-tt “Amussu n imeɣnas i tlelli d tdimuqraṭit”.
Ɣer ɛawed: Adaf n irifiyen deg wemsiqḍi n iseppunya jer-asen

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Vogalenn beuzserr tost a-raok ront
Ur vogalenn a drede renk eo ar vogalenn beuzserr tost a-raok ront treuzskrivet [ʏ] hervez reolennoù al lizherenneg fonetikel etrebroadel, ganti an niverenn dave 320. Klotaat a ra gant ar vogalenn beuzserr tost a-raok plaen [ʏ].
Talvezout a ra a-wezhoù ar vogalenn [ʏ] da alofonenn an arc'hfonem |Y| a-grevret gant ar vogalenn serr a-raok ront [y] evel da skouer en alamaneg unvan
Implijet e vez an arouezenn [ʏ] evit treuzskrivañ ivez ar vogalenn beuzserr tost a-raok gwasket [ʏ̫̫ː] implijet gant ar svedeg.
Skouerioù[kemmañ | kemmañ ar vammenn]


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Aic Qccijiixcjqciiiiciji xqc QDD lj Qljqcicj jqicüßcq xlq Mlcilccqjxq Dljxi Dqlqc jqjqj xqj Dlciclqxqcj iilj xqj Mqclcqijlcilccqjxqj Dcqxijxqc Aclqcc. Dic xqc Aiiqilcxjiji icijxqj clql llljcliq Yijqcq: Ylq Qijc xqc Yqcqilqccqj cic Mqclcqi- ijx Aijxciiilijc illlq Zjcijiqj. Dci Yqcqilqccq licxqj Dljxi Dqlqc ijx Djxcqii Dlciqjccql iqläjcc, Zciicc iljx Aqljjicx Aclilj ijx Dclli Miiqc. Dqiqljiii ilc Dcqxijxqc Aclqcc qjccq Dljxi Dqlqc cijixäjcliq Dlciclqxqc. Zi licxqj iilj xlq Diicqlljjijiqj üjqccqlljc, xlq lj xqj cqcccqj jqlxqj Yijcqj jäccqj jqcclqjqj lqcxqj ilccqj.
Qüi 2020: Zjilx Zxcc xli Yilxlj Qxcqj (30 Dxqij), Dxqxll Zxcc, Djclqxii Yixß, Dxqxll Zxlliji xli Mjqxjlcxl Ajiilqxlji (35 Dxqij); Qüi 2021: Yüllqji Axxlji (25 Dxqij); Qüi 2022: Dxjjl Zjll (55 Dxqij); Mixxii Axljcqci (35 Dxqij) xli Yixcj Zjiijxjl (25 Dxqij).


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Yuẓeɣ urimam zi tuffet n waman, ittẓalla uzillez x tmewwa i ttuɣa ittreqriqen s inessisen n tnedwin-nnes.
Yesweḍ Mmuḥ aqeccar ɣer ujenna, ixezzar ma wer ittwili ca n tuddimt n wenẓar tus-dd ad tesgenfa arimam zi lazaɣ-nnes, maca ajenna iẓumm ula d netta x wudumen. Yerra iyyar-nnes d azegza, ttweddrent dag-s lxezrat n imezdaɣ.
Mmuḥ aqeccar wer yelli ca d aqeccar, maca tarwa-nnes marra d iqeccura. Ula d yelli-s tameẓẓyant, lexxu tuli-dd ad temɣer. Maca tettali-dd akid-s ula d takruhi n yexef-nnes, umi wer yeksi uzellif-nnes acewwaf am yessi-s n ddcar.
Txezzar deg urimam, tettaf-it yeqquccar ula d netta, uca ad tezyenfa ɣer wawalen n yemma-s i das-yeqqarn:
-“Wer ttemxumbul a yelli deg isekraf n tsarrawin-nnem, aqqa ɛad a dam-dd-yeɣmi ucewwaf d tiseḍwin, a das-neqqen lḥenni, a t-nḥarred d lmehḍur, lexxu awi-dd azellif-nnem a das-neqqen asafar”.
A das-tames ticcart d yeɣɣed, ḥuma a dd-ɣemyen izuṭṭan-nni i yemmexsen izellifen n tarwa-nnes.
Aɣirin i weḥbuḍ mani yejna urimam di tuẓẓumt n ddcar, din ijjen teɛrurt ula d nettat d taqeccart, aseggas n tefsut n idemrawen marra sɣemmayen leḥtic, maca taɛrurt taqeccart tugi ad tesseɣmi ca x ucal-nnes. Tẓum ula d nettat. S uyenni tezzilliz xmi dag-s txezzar yelli-s n Mmuḥ, tettaka ɣer-s ul am nettat.
D tidet, ulawen-nsent mserwasen, amen yemserwas umezruy-nsent. Mmuḥ netta yessen tanfust n teɛrurt taqeccart. Yenna-s-tt jeddi-s i yeccin tikti, yeqqim ittqeyḍar s wezgen n uḍar, yessugura-t d taɣennant x ucal n ddcar, i umi ttuɣa yeqqar:
-“Ɛad ddreɣ, ɛad dag-i buḥbel a xaf-k ugureɣ waxxa aḍar-inu yelluz isuraf iseggmen x yebriden-nnec”.
Lexxu jeddi-s n Mmuḥ yemmut, yeqqim zeg iwalen-nnes mɣar tanfust x teɛrurt taqeccart, i yeṭṭfen ddcar ḥuma wer ittrikk°ir ɣer mani nneɣnit. Teqqim d tameddukelt n urimam i yeffuden aman. Teqqim ula d tameddukelt-nneɣ i neccin lwacun n ddcar.
Mmuḥ yeksi dag-s s llɣa, yeksi deg yezlan, ad yini timenna i ttuɣa dag-s ittwajeyyfen aṭṭas zi melmi. Yenna aṭṭas nneɣnit. Melmi ma yeqqim ɣer tma n urimam, tkessi-t twengimt-nnes ɣer yeyyar n zic, ɣer umezruy n urimam, mani ttuɣa llan waman d agla i xef wer ttmenɣin imezdaɣ. Ass-a imenɣan marra x waman.
Arimam n uyujil
Isruɣan timessi.
Min tsesswed d tinuyam
Tjeyyfed-t d tisessi
Manis kkin wamn-nnec
Mmuttyen ɣer mani?
Swin zzag-k imetlaɛ
Tekksed-aneɣ afadi
Yeẓẓuyyet dag-k wul
Deg wudem-nnec afaji.
Arimam n ddcar mecḥar yiwi n inuyam d tnuyam, mecḥar isessu n wulawen, lexu yuḥel ula d netta. Maca Mmuḥ wer yesxi a zag-s yekkes lxezrat. ittɣima ɣer-s mkul ass ifettel-dd x ucal-nnes tiqessisin. Ittɣima aked imezdaɣ yeqqar-asen min das-yenna jeddi-s aqeyḍar:
-“Ass-a wer ittettu tifras n iḍennaḍ, taɛrurt taqeccart ssuysen xaf-s arrhajj. Lebraqi i yeḍḍuqqẓen di ddcar d inni d akemmuḍ i yenɣin ul n ucal n teɛrurt-a, arrhaj ssuysen-t x umezruy-nneɣ, ḍḍuqqẓen x iyezzimen-nneɣ ḥuma wer ttgenfin ɛemmars. xsen a neqqim d imehlak nettcetka ɣer-sen s iwezwizen-nneɣ”.
Di llṭa n umcubbec jer uḥewwas d irifiyen, ttuɣa irifiyen ttrun x tmurt-nsen, di llṭa-nni i zi neccur irimamen s imettawen-nneɣ. Ass-a umi wer nettru x ca, irimamen uẓɣen, aḥewwas yus-dd a daneɣ-idel tudert-nneɣ s iḥuras n laxert, ɛad yeqqim ccyaḍ n arrhaj-nnes ittfewwer d ɣezzu x izellifen n imezdaɣ. Wer sɣemmiyen imuzar n waẓẓri. Idurar-nneɣ wer sɣemmiyen iyemmumen n tcuni. Irimamen-nneɣ sɣelyen jeɣdid, llfen i waman-nsen.
Mmuḥ yewta ayejdur, yessusef deg wudmawen-nneɣ ass umi yessen tanfust n yelli-s temserwas aked tenfust n teɛrurt taqeccart.
(Said BELƔERBI, 28/02/2008)
Tettwafsar deg ujurnal Tawiza, Uṭṭun 133, May 2008.


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Chapitre 3
Sommaire
1 Daymi nekk Bulus, aql-i d ameḥbus n Lmasiḥ ɣef ddemma nwen kunwi ur nelli ara n wat Isṛail.
2 Ahat teslam s lxedma i yi-d ițțunefken s ṛṛeḥma n Sidi Ṛebbi ɣef wayen i kkun-yeɛnan.
3 Sidi Ṛebbi ildi-yi-d allen iwakken ad fehmeɣ lbaḍna-ines, am akken i t-id-uriɣ s kra imeslayen ;
4 m’ara ten-teɣṛem, aț-țeẓrem ayen fehmeɣ ɣef lbaḍna n Lmasiḥ.
5 Sidi Ṛebbi ur d-ibeggen ara lbaḍna-agi i lejdud-nneɣ, lameɛna tura ibeggen-iț-id s Ṛṛuḥ-is iqedsen i imceggɛen-ines akk-d lenbiya.
6 Ațah lbaḍna-agi : imi umnen leǧnas ur nelli ara n wat Isṛail s lexbaṛ n lxiṛ n Lmasiḥ i sen-d ițțubeccṛen, ad țekkin di lɛahed i d-ițțunefken i wat Isṛail, ad weṛten yid-sen lbaṛakat yerna ad uɣalen meṛṛa d yiwet n lǧețța.
7 Uɣaleɣ d aqeddac n lexbaṛ-agi n lxiṛ n Lmasiḥ s ṛṛeḥma n Sidi Ṛebbi ț-țezmert-is ixeddmen deg-i ;
8 nekk yellan d ulac ger imasiḥiyen meṛṛa, yețțunefk-iyi-d s ṛṛeḥma n Sidi Ṛebbi ad beccṛeɣ i wid ur nelli ara n wat Isṛail, lexbaṛ n lxiṛ yeɛnan lbaṛakat ur nkeffu yellan di Lmasiḥ
9 yerna a d-sfehmeɣ lmeɛna n lbaḍna agi i geffer Sidi Ṛebbi si lebda, nețța i gxelqen kullec.
10 S wakka, lḥekmat ț-țnezmarin n igenwan ad issinent tamusni n Sidi Ṛebbi di mkul ṣṣifat-ines, s tejmaɛt n imasiḥiyen
11 akken yella di leqsed n Sidi Ṛebbi si lebda ; leqsed-agi yessaweḍ-it ɣer lekmal-is s Ɛisa Lmasiḥ Ssid-nneɣ.
12 S liman-nneɣ di Sidna Ɛisa i nezmer a nqeṛṛeb ɣer Sidi Ṛebbi s lețkal.
13 Daymi i wen-qqaṛeɣ tura : ur țțaǧat ara uguren i d-țmagareɣ ɣef ddemma-nwen a kkun-sfeclen axaṭer d ayen ara kkun-iqeṛṛben ɣer Sidi Ṛebbi.
14 Ɣef wayagi i kerfeɣ tigecrar, seǧǧdeɣ zdat Sidi Ṛebbi baba-tneɣ,
15 seg i d-tekka yal tawacult yellan ama deg igenwan ama di lqaɛa,
16 ṭṭalabeɣ-as iwakken s lɛaḍima-s tameqqrant, a kkun-isseǧhed s tezmert n Ṛṛuḥ-is iqedsen.
17 Ssutureɣ-as ad izdeɣ Lmasiḥ deg wulawen-nwen s liman, aț-țesɛum izuṛan ara iṛeṣṣin di leḥmala,
18 iwakken kunwi akk-d wid yumnen meṛṛa, aț-țzemrem aț-țfehmem acḥal hraw, acḥal ɣezzif, acḥal lqay, acḥal ɛlay leḥmala n Lmasiḥ,
19 yerna aț-țissinem leḥmala-agi yugaren yal tamusni yellan di ddunit, alamma yezdeɣ Ṛṛuḥ n Sidi Ṛebbi deg-wen s lekmal.
20 Sidi Ṛebbi ixeddem deg-nneɣ s tezmert-is, yețțak-aɣ-d akteṛ n wayen akk i s-neṭṭalab d wayen akk i nețxemmim ;
21 ad ițțubarek yisem-is si lǧil ɣer lǧil di tejmaɛt n imasiḥiyen akk-d Ɛisa Lmasiḥ i dayem, Amin !


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Bayyiren Myunix, yekkes-as-tt i Paris Saint Germain s ijjen uɣul ɣer ziru. Di partida n unfarar n tcampyenz lig yettwaggen x ucal n undrar n Tfawt di Lisbuna . Γul-nni izemmem-it Kingsli Kuman di tminut tis 59.
S uɣul-a, Bayiren yiwwi tkuppat-a di twalat tis setta-nnes. Mani Paris SG tuɣa irezzu ad tt-yawi i twalat-nnes tamezwarut maca wer das-yufi mamek. Kippu Abavari, iɛebbeẓ mliḥ deg umezwar-nni x Paris. Ameggaru-ya tuɣa wer izemmer ad yeɛda azgen n undrar-nnes. Waxxa Niymar tuɣa yeggur ad izemmem ijjen uɣul la d netta, maca ameḥḍay n tracca Aliman tuɣa ifaqq mliḥ.


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MONTREAL (Tamurt) – Abrid iḍul alma d abraḥ n «Parc Angrignon», yebɛed af tlemmast n tmedint n «montreal», maca wicqa, imi d timlilit n leqbayel, anda CAM (Centre Amazigh de Montreal) hegan-d yiwet n temlilit anda necden leqbayel yettidiren di temnaṭ-agi ɣer yiwen n Ubarbekyu.
D ssebt 29 di ɣuct 2965(2015), xas d ass n westaɛfu maca imḍebbren d wid merra d-ifkan afus n tallelt llan di ttiɛad. Tilawin xersum; fell-asent iɣef tebded merra temlilt-a, tasebḥit wwḍent ar wadeg. D nutenti merra i yheggan aksum, ifelfel d lebsel snint-tt deg iqeccaḍen akken ad wwen af yirrij, heggant cclaḍa, ttumaṭic d lexyar,akken berzent merra lḥala. Ttarrant lmendad-nsent merra ar wayen ixussen akken tikkelt nniḍen ad yili uheggi xir.
Af 11 n tsebḥit bdan ttawḍen-d lɣaci, tiwaculin s yigerdan, tugget n tlawin s tqendyar n leqbayel, ula d tigerdatin s tqendyar n leqbayel. D tagnit anda d-mlalen leqbayel n tama-agi akken ad kksen lxiq, ad mmezren, ad mmeslayen ad qqimen ad ččen akk akken; ad ssibennen i tgella-nni, imi anebdu qrib yekfa, i d-iteddun d Tagrest; imi tegrest n Kanada ɣezzifet yerna qessiḥet. Agur n Ɣuct atan yekfa, ad yebdu Cutember, Tagrest af tewwura, yal yiwen ad yeɛnu axjiḍ-is akken qqaren.
Tizlatin n teqbaylit asent-id-sleḍ ansi k-yehwa, bdan-d kan iḍebbalen, tiɣerɣert teččur-d, rsen-d ɣer ccḍaḥ; tulawi d yergazen, arrac d teḥdayin. Ɣas llan wid ur iruḥen ara ɣer tmurt, ufan-d assa di tegnit-agi cwiṭ seg wayen ur ddiren ara di tmurt, imi nezra yal anebdu tamurt n leqbayel tremmu s tmeɣriwin d wuraren alma yezgen yiḍ neɣ ahat tikwal alma qrib d tafrara.
Si tama niḍen llan imeɣnasen n tmurt n leqbayel, anda d-heggan yiwet n ṭṭabla anda anay n tmurt n leqbayel ijbed-d tamuɣli n wid merra yellan din. D tagnit akken ad mmeslayen d leqbayel ɣef temsalt n wemni aqbayli d wamek n uzekka n tmurt n leqbayel, anda daɣen rsen-d i lbiɛ n kra n tɣawsiwin i wɛiwen n umussu n tmurt n leqbayel am imayuten iḍebɛen s wanay aqbayli i ycebḥen aṭas.
Ihi timlilit qabel akka ymira, ma mazal tazmert d talwit, imi assa-agi d tikkelt tis-snat ideg d-ihegga CAM timlilit-a af uqerruy-is Kamal Serbuḥ d aselway. Mazal daɣen timliliyin nniḍen akk d wegraw-agi, imi zgan d leqdic, ihi ar qabel ma nedder.


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Nesteqsa Brahim Benhamouche, i yellan yakan d aselmad, ɣef wamek i yesɛedday ussan n ukman deg tama-agi n Bgayet, ha-t-an wacu i d-yenna : ‘’Tudert-iw di taddart , teqqen ɣer twacult, tafellaḥet d leqdic n taddart. Amek ? Di twacult, ass nettɣimit deg uxxam, nettmeslay nekk d warraw-iw: yelli Talsa, aseggas di tudert-is akked d gma-s aksil. Ttekkiɣ di turaret yid-sen, aladɣa nekk d mmi aksil I yesɛan 5 n yiseggasen di tudert-is. Yeḥwaǧ amsaɛef. Ttwelliheɣ-t, ixeddem irmad s wallalen yellan deg uxxam am temqestin, lkaɣeḍ, lesqa…atg. Deg yiḍ, nettadam-d idlisen, nettemɛanad ɣer leqraya. Ttalseɣ-as-d timucuha, netturar timsaɛraq, ma tikwal ncennu nesbendir.
Mi ara yili akka kra n leqdic di taddart, ttekkiɣ di lḥemmlat uḥesses ɣef waṭan n covid-19, nrezzu ɣer wid yenxessen, nfarreq lemɛawnat, nessizdiq tizenqatin n taddart. Ma d ayen icudden ɣer tfellaḥt, ttruḥuɣ daɣen ɣer lexla, ferseɣ, ttrebbiɣ tizizwa, imi yakan aql-aɣ di tefsut, d lawan n usufeɣ n teɣrasin, nettɛassa igelfan ; njemmeɛ-iten, nettṣeggim tiɣrasin . Ma yella deg yiḍ, imi ara d-teɣli akk tsusmi, gnen yigerdan, ttwaliɣ akka tilizriyin n ddunit, tikwal d internet; ttarraɣ-tt i tɣuri n yidlisen (amezruy, ungalen, taɣamsa…atg), akka i zerrin wussan-iw deg ussan n ukman’’.
Yesteqsa-t H. Moula


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Don Kicuṭ
Don Kicuṭ n Manca d ungal i yura umyaru aspenyuli Miguel de Cervantes deg sin yeḥricen (amenzu yeffeɣ-d deg useggas 1606, wis sin deg useggas 1616). Ungal-a yettuneḥsab d win i d amezwru yakk deg tsekla tatrart ɣef leḥsab n tɣara n tira-s d wudem iss i d-yedda deg-s wullis. Yewwi-d deg-s umeskar ɣef yiwen wergaz akken bu-nneyya, iwumi qqaren Don Kicuṭ n Manca[1] , asmi iɛewwl ad yeg am yemnayen iqbuṛen, imi d isaṭṭen[2] iɣef yeɣra deg tektabin. Ameskar yenna-d dɣa seg tazwara : Don Kicuṭ yeɣra yeɣra deg teqsiḍin-nni armi icuf iqerru-s, meḥsub yemxell, ihi iɛedda ad yeḍfer abrid-nsen, ulamma tuɣ tɛedda tallit n yicaliyen am widak.
Taddist[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Akken ad yefhem yiwen taqsiṭ n Don Kicuṭ ilaq ad iẓer acu d ungalen n « temneyt taḥewwast », anda teffɣen imnayen akken ad d-fdun wid akk yettwaḥeqren ɣas ma ur ten-ssinen, iwakken kan ad sbedden lḥeqq u ad d-beyynen tabɣest-nsen. Azgen deg-sen ttawin-ten-id kan d timucuha deg tallit-nni tanammast, maca Don Kicuṭ i iselben si tɣuri-s, yerra-tt d tidet, iɛewwel ad yeg am nutni, ad d-yerr taɣdemt i lɣaci. Yessufeɣ-d ihi aɛudiw-is ihezlen akk iwumi isemma Rusinant (Rocinante s tspenyult), yekkes-d asekkin d waɣer[3] i yellan din deg uxxam tuli-ten tɣebbart seg wissen anwa zzman, takurazt[4] d wayen akk yettiḥwiǧ umgara deg lawan-nni ; syin yessawel-d i yiwen n lǧar-is yeččuren d nneyya daɣ am netta ɣas ma di leɛqel-is yella, qqaren-as Sancu Panza, iḥemmel inzan aṭas, d win i yextar ad yili d amɛiwen-is deg icaliyen-is, imi akken i ten-sɛan yemnayen iqburen, yerna winna ɣef uɣyul i yeṭṭafar deffir.
Yuɣ lḥal imnayen iqburen i yettḥaka, yal wa tettili tin i iḥemmel, iɣef yettxemmim m’ara yili deg imennuɣen d unadi n lexlawi ; ihi ula d Don Kicuṭ yextar yiwet kan akka n tfellaḥt tameɣbunt din deg taddart, yerra-tt d tin d « tarfiqt ixemmimen-is », isem-is Dulsinya (Duclinea s tspenyult). Syin ata yebda ihi acali deg lexla, yettnadi w’ara d-isellek ; netta s nneyya-s yetthummu kan, ur yeẓri ma s tidet i yeḍra kra, ma ilaq ad d-iger iman-is neɣ ala, maca itemmeɣ ; dɣa yal tikelt yettaf yeɣleḍ deg leḥsab-is, yeggar iman-is deg wayen ur t-nerzi armi yeṛwa tiytiwin. Di tilawt, kra din yettenbeddal gar wallen-is seg wakken yuḍen, am tikelt mi yekcem deg yiwen usensu n wedrar, yufa din timesdurar yenwa-tent d yessi-s n sslaṭen ukud i ilaq ad yissin amek ara yelḥu, ihi ula d din ixelleṣ-itt. Daymi taqsiṭ-is tessaḍsay nezzeh, tugart imi aɣanib n Cervantes yebna ɣef usaran , ahat ulac lemtel-is deg tira. Ɣas in’as d ayen i t-yeǧǧan mucaɛ, maca yeččur daɣen d tamusni lqayen n wawal, inzan d tengalin i d-yettuɣalen daxel n wullis agejdan, ladɣa deg idewenniyen n Don Kicuṭ d Sancu Panza i yettekttiren deg wawal, acku ula d netta yettekka deg tedyanin akk i d-mmugren.
Azal-is[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Annect-a yakk yerra ungal-a yeṭṭef amkan meqqren deg tgemmi taseklant tamḍlant, imi ula d kra n yismawen izeddiɣen kecmen deg tutlayin tuṛufiyin uɣalen d awalen n menwala, amedya deg tefransist : dulcinée (taḥbibt, taxḍibt), rocinante (aɛudiw). Llant daɣ tenfaliyin i d-yekkan syin qqiment d lemtul, am m’ara s-tiniḍ yettnaɣ ḥedd d tessirin n waḍu, meḥsub yekkat deg wulac, acku teḍra-yas i Don Kicuṭ asmi d-yemmuger tissirin n waḍu s yiɣallen-nsent meqqren, iɣil d ḥedd igehguhen[5] , ihi iɛedda ad yennaɣ yid-sen. Syin i d-tekka tenfalin mucaɛen : anuɣ d tessirin (se battre avec des moulin.
Yerna ahat izen amezwar n wungal d wa ; imi ulamma imeɣriyen n lqern wis 17 ḥesben-t tagnit kan i taḍsa d tukksa n lxiq, wid i d-iḍefren, tugart deg tallit-nni n tegrawla tafransist ; walan-t d amedya i umdan izemren ad yesɛu lḥeqq weḥd-s mgal timetti s lekmal-is. Lḥasun, ayen i d-yewwi d ayen icerken talsa merra ; ahat ad yili ḥedd ssya d asawen ara t-id-yerren ɣer teqbaylit am akken yella deg tuget n tutlayin umaḍal, maca aya d asenfaṛ meqqren, ma yefka-yas ḥedd akud yessefk ad ad ilin imeɣriyen ara t-id-yafen
.................................. Taɣbalut : ablug n Samir Tighzert Timuɣliwin
- ↑ Manca neɣ la Mancha, d tamennaṭ i d-yezgan deg tlemmast n Spanya.
- ↑ Asaḍ, isaṭṭen : héros.
- ↑ Aɣer : bouclier
- ↑ Si tlaṭinit koraza : taqemǧet taqurant i ttlusun yemnayen i wanuɣ lawan-nni (cuirasse).
- ↑ Agehguh, igehguhen : deg tama n usammar n Bgayet d ayen akk meqqren yessexlaɛen (aqjun, aɣzen, atg), akka i nsemma da i iɛefriten igeɛmiren iss i ttamnen imir deg Tuṛuft (les géants).


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Amsawal-a yettwaksi-dd zi Tadelsa n Arrif
Azul a ssi Ɛebdelḥamid Lyenduzi, nettreḥḥab zeg-k ɣer “Tadelsa n Arif”.
Deg umezwaru, ttqadiɣ-cekk a tawmat Ɛebdelwaḥed x userzef-a i dayi-teggid ḥma ad tafed a kid-wem ssiwleɣ cwayt x yisefra d yisuraf-inu deg yiger-a, ijj n uqadi d ameqran i “Tadelsa n Arif”, d merra inni i yeksin amnus-a, xarrsen deg-s, bac a dd-teffeɣ ɣer tudert.
Cekk zeg yezlawiyen imeqqranen i yejjin later deg wazzerg n usefru Arifi, nexs zeg-k ad tessidsed imeḍfar-nnek d yinni ittexsen asefru-nnek, ɣer yisuraf-nnek imezwura deg yiger n tira n usefru.
Di min yeqqnen ɣer yisuraf-inu imezwura; amen tessned, necc luleɣ deg yijj n ddcar qqaren-as Ttarbiɛet, yusa-dd deg Ayt Wriccec, x wegmir i tt-ibeṭṭan aked Ayt Temsaman. Lexxu necc ɣer-i tnayen n tussnawin; d Utemsaman s ladas d leɛwayed d mamek i nettɛic, d Uwriccec s lekwaɣeḍ d nnekwet. Di ddcer n Ttarbiɛet, izlan nettedder akid-sen, nlul-dd akid-sen. Wer tezmired a dd-terzmed tiṭṭawin-nnek ɣer tuffut amen wer tetteslid i yezlan. Izlan n ddin tetteslid-asen zi yemma-k, niɣ tettafed weltma-k tfarreḍ lemraḥ, teqqar izlan, niɣ mala walu, izlan ttasen-dd nnit al ɣer-k, sqerquben-dd x-ak zeg yidurar, zi tmeḥtac d temsebbnin d tḥenjirin ɣer berra… izlan di Arif, illa wenni wer yexsen ad yari izlan. Netta arifi, mala yexs ad iru, yettru s yezlan, mala yefreḥ, yeqqar izlan, ula mala yexs ad izawer, yeqqar izlan… necc ɛad tteɛqaleɣ, dinni izlan yenna-ten baba, ɣer-i izlan tenna-ten ḥenna, ɛwati, yessis n ddcar, suyetma… izlan neṭṭeḍ-iten.
Necc ɛawed, qbel ma ad ariɣ asefru, ttuɣa ttiggeɣ tilwiḥin, ttuɣa ressmeɣ, ɛad tteɛqaleɣ, zi tzemmar-inu timezwura deg wazzerg-a; ggiɣ ijj n upurtri n jeddi Mmuḥ Ayenduz i ttuɣa yellan d lqayed n mmya aked Mulay Muḥend, di terfiqt n Sidi Mesɛud, ggiɣ ɛawed ijj n upurtri n Ɛebdelḥamid mmi-s n Badis, ttuɣa baba a t-yerḥem rebbi, yessers-it ɣer uzellif-nnes, ggiɣ ijj n telwiḥt nniḍen resmeɣ deg-s ca n nnwar ttuɣa nettekkes-it-idd zeg yijj n teɛrist qqaren-as Ḥfurt, nnwar-a d ɣeddu-mrar, ttuɣa itteɛjib-as i jeddi aṭṭas, nnewwac-a yella deg waṭṭas n imukan, maca lefwaḥ i yellan deg wenni i xef dak-ssawaleɣ, wer yelli deg wenni i yellan mani nniḍen! Umi ugureɣ ɣer Taza amen ɣer-i tesɛa n isegg°usa, ruḥeɣ bac ad kemmleɣ tiɣri-inu dinni, minzi asegg°as-inu amezwaru ɣriɣ-t deg Wenwal, ttuɣa ttekkreɣ qbel i lefjer bac ad awḍeɣ di lweqt. Asegg°as wiss tnayen, bnan ijj n tnayen n texxamin di Ttarbiɛet, semman-tent d sekwila, safi asegg°as-nni awarn-as, uca nugur ɣer Taza, deg yineggura n ssebɛinat. Di taza, qqimen-ayi-dd yezlan-nni i ked ttuɣa tteddreɣ, wer yeqqim ca yesfaqa-yi-dd yezli. Wer qqimeɣ ca ttesliɣ waxxa i yemma d weltma… yeqqim-ayi-dd ddcar-inu d tarwa n ddcar-inu, dewleɣ ttakiɣ axmi ttwanfiɣ. bdiɣ ttariɣ isefra. Ttuɣa dinni ijjen ttuɣa nzeddeɣ merra, ttuɣa melmi ma yudef-ayi ɣer wexxam iɣerres-ayi merra min uriɣ. Isefra imezwura ruḥen-ayi. Maca mani ɣa bdiɣ ad ttariɣ asefru nican, di Arbaṭ, umi i mmuttyeɣ zi Taza ɣer Arbaṭ di 86, ḥuma ad kemmleɣ tɣuri. Dinni i udfeɣ i twalat tamezwarut di tmesmunt n “AMREC”, ttuɣa amɣar-nnes d Brahim Axeyyaḍ a t-yerḥem rebbi, maca qbel, di Taza, ttuɣa ggiɣ ca n tzemmar ula deg umezgun, aked Leḥlafi d waṭṭas n yinniḍen i yellan lexxu d itran n umezgun di Taza d Lmeɣrib amen yekmel. Di Arbaṭ, ad msagareɣ dinni aked Xalid Izri, lexdenni ttuɣa ɣer-i aṭṭas n isefra uriɣ-ten.
Amen nessen; dinni timesmunin di Arif rrint taynit i usefru Arifi, wcint afus n wiswizi i waṭṭas n yezlawiyen, ḥuma ad bedden, ḥuma a dd-sbanen asefru-nsen, a dd-zḍuqqzen taẓuri-nsen. Tzemred a daneɣ tesserɣed cwayt tfawt x yisuraf-a i ttuɣa tteggent tmesmunin, d min kid-sent teddred cekk la di Ayt Wriccec, la deg yimukan nniḍen.
Bdiɣ ɣer umezwaru-inu, di tmesmunt n AMREC, msagareɣ deg-s aked yizellifen d imeqqranen, imusnawen, izlawiyen, inni ittarin ungal… imaziɣen n Arif, n Sus, n Waṭlas, aked yimaziɣen n Leqbaye… umi i dd-dewleɣ ɣer Arif, tamesmunt tamezwarut i di xedmeɣ, nettat d Buya n Benṭeyyeb. Awaren-as xenni nennurẓm x tmesmunin nneɣni, ttuɣa nettmun, dinni Tanukra n Nnaḍur, Ilmas, Imeɣnas n benṭeyyeb, Ussan n Miḍar, Iɛewwaden n Teqseft n Ddhar, Tazaɣin, Ddriwec, dinni ɛawed Amussu Adelsan Amaziɣ di tseddawit, ula d netta ttuɣa yerẓem tiwura i usefru-nneɣ ḥuma a zeg-s nemsawaḍ aked yimeḥḍaren… Dinni ɛawed ayyaw n tmesmunt “Tamaynut” di Lexmisat, Awrir n Agadir, … aṭṭas n tmesmunin, reẓment-aneɣ tiwura bac a nini isefra, maca wer nettettu ca, dinni ɛawed ijj n uterras, yegga min wer yeggi ḥedd, wer nzemmar a nenker tizemmar-nnes timeqqranin. S useddi-nnes “awalen di lmizan”, yessiɣ-ayi-dd afus n weswiẓ, d netta i ttuɣa i daneɣ yessezɛamen ɣer tira. Aterras-a, yesmun-dd izlawiyen n Arif merra. Yegga tizemmar deg wussan n zzeyyar, maca lxedmet-nnes tewca lɣillet. Necc tteɛqaleɣ ruḥeɣ ɣer lmudir-nnes bac a dayi-yewc ijj n uselkin illa ɛduɣ akid-s deg useddi, yeqqim ittseqsa-yi: minxef tettarid? Ma x tayri waha? Lexdenni ɛeqleɣ nniɣ-as: maɣar ayenni i daneɣ-ineqsen waha? Lbuzeyyani yegga tizemmar kter zeg waṭṭas n tmesmunin. Zi ssa, qqareɣ-as saḥḥit. Awaren-as dinni Ɛali Azeḥḥaf, ula d netta yexdem, aqqa-t ɛad ixeddem, yessiɣ-aneɣ-dd afus ula d netta. Yessiweḍ tabrat-nneɣ. Ttuɣa dinni ɛawed Ttaɛmanti Ḥmed di Tiṭṭawen, waxxa buḥbel n lidaɛa n-nni ttuɣa-t d aquḍaḍ, deɣya yugur, maca yegga tizemmar. Aked uɣezdis n yina, dinni Lmusṭfawi, d yinniḍen…
Amen nessen, tessufɣed-dd ijj n wamud tesmuned deg-s ca zi tqessisin i turid, siwel-aneɣ cwayt x wamud-a, x tqessisin i deg-s tesmuned, d tɛenkrifin i tufid deg usufeɣ-nnes.
Fitu amen tessned; d ijj n tseṭṭa d taleqqaɣt, yallah tesfuffuy-dd zeg yijj n tseṭṭa temɣar, i yeqqnen ɣer tiyyart, ɣer yiẓuran, ɣer tseklut. Da, tabrat i xseɣ ad ssiwḍeɣ; Adlis-inu d ijj n tfitut zeg yijj n tseklut d tameqqrant. Walli d necc i yeẓẓun izlan, ula d necc i ten yessentaren. Necc umi i dd-xecceɣ, ufiɣ izlan ɣer-sen iẓuran, ɣer-sen tiyyart, ɣer-sen tiseḍwin zi mkul taseṭṭa anict n min tt-iqedden. Necc, meɛlik wer llin yiẓuran-nni d tiyyart-nni d tseḍwin-nni, ili necc di lmuḥal ma a dd-sfuffyeɣ!
Fitu-ya ɣer-s ɛecrin n tefray, deg-s ɛecrin n tqessisin, zeg-sent “Tarwan n dduneyt”, deg-s “amaziɣ”, iɣennej-itent Xalid Izri, deg-s “alaɣi”, d tqessisin nniḍen… Fiti, yesmun izlan uriɣ-ten di Ttabiɛet, uriɣ-ten di Lḥusima, di Wejda, di Arbaṭ, di Nnaḍur, di Ṭanja… Ssawaleɣ deg-sen x yisental qqnen ɣer tseqqar n bnadem, d lḥugra, d umezruy, d tayri…, ula x tmaziɣt. minzi wer tzemmer tmaziɣt ad teqqim wer tessiwil x yexf-nnes. Isental n tqessisin-inu qqnen ɣer merra min dd-yunnḍen i tudert n yewdan. Necc wer ɣeṭṭleɣ ḥedd zeg uxarres-inu, ttexseɣ lebda axarres-inu ad yili d amaḍlan. ɣer-i lḥeqq ad ssiwleɣ x yexf-inu, maca xmi ssawaleɣ x yexf-inu, ttafeɣ ixf-iu ssawaleɣ x wenniḍen, xmi ssawaleɣ x wenniḍen ttafeɣ ixf-inu ssawaleɣ ula x yexf-inu. igduden nitni, wa yeqqen ɣer wa, wa yiwi zeg wa, wa yeksi zeg wa…, necrek tamurt d ijt, ajenna d ijj, nettɣima neccin merra d iwdan. D wa d fitu. Deg-s isefra d iqdimen, s minzi necc ɛeḍleɣ wer ggiɣ amud. Deg yimezwura n ttesɛinat, umi i dayi-ttuɣa di tmesmunt n AMREC, merra ttuɣa ccaten-ayi deg wuru, ssezɛamen-ayi bac ad ariɣ, ad smuneɣ min uriɣ, zeg-sen Brahim Axeyyaḍ, Ḥmed Bukus, Ḥasan Id Belqasem…, ttuɣa ẓrin isefra-inu, ẓrin mamek ttuɣa ttariɣ, maca al ami d Ben Ṭeyyeb, umi i yemsar ijj n usemɣer zi tlata n yezlawiyen; necc d Maysa Racida d Muḥemmed Lɛufi. Wcin-aneɣ ijj n tiwsi, ssixḍaren-aneɣ. Nnan-aneɣ: ijjen zeg-wem a das-nessufeɣ amud n yezlan. Tazlawit Maysa Racida tenna: necc wer zmireɣ a das-izzareɣ i Ɛebdelḥamid, zi ssa sqadiɣ-as ijj n wazul yemɣar, yeccur s uweqqer, s minzi d tamɣart, d tazlawit n tidet. Muḥemmed Lɛufi amenneɣni, yenna belli Ɛebdelḥamid yizzar-ayi ɣer tira, wer das-ttizzareɣ ca ad ssufɣeɣ amud, ula ad ksiɣ tiwsi. S tnayen idsen jjina-ayi necc. Ammu i temsar al ami i dd-yeffeɣ wamud-a.
Cekk zeg yezlawiyen i umi ttwaɣennjent waṭṭas n tqessisin, ɣennjen-tent yinaẓuren d imeqqranen di Arif. Min daneɣ-ɣa tinid mala ttreɣ zeg-k a daneɣ tessiwled cwayt x tqessisin-nnec i yettwaɣennjen? D yisuraf i teggid aked yinaẓuren-a imeqqranen?
Anaẓur amezwaru i dayi-iɣennjen tiqessisin-inu, netta d Xalid Izri. Xmi qqareɣ Xalid Izri, qqareɣ: icen n yiman. Necc d netta xmi ttuɣa nettemsagar, ttuɣa wer nettemsebḍi. Xmi ttuɣa ittɣennaj isefra, yessen min ittɣennaj. Xmi ittexs ad yegg llɣa, urid a das-tewced taqessist, uca tiwecca a dac-yini aqa tewjed. Taqessist ttuɣa ittawi-dd akid-s tlata n iyuren niɣ rebɛa, niɣ kter, d netta yeqqar deg-s, iqelleb deg-s, iḍarren deg-s… mayemmi i das-teggid ammu? Mayemmi wer daas-teggid ammu? Al ɣa yaka s usefru belli d netta i t-yuran, walli bu d ḥedd nneɣni. Xalid Izri ttuɣa ixeddem s yijj n tiɣit, itticc-as i uɣennij-nnes min yestaḥeqq. Minzi necc ɛacreɣ-t mliḥ, amecnaw uma-s. Taddart-inu ttuɣa-tt d taddart-nnes, taddart-nnes ttuɣa-tt d taddart-inu. Ttuɣa wer dinni min yeffren jer-aneɣ. Netta d mmi-s n yijj n twacunt d tanaẓurt. Xmi ttuɣa ittɣennaj niɣ ittexs ad yegg llɣa, yeffuk ad yeksi zi rray n yayetma-s, d suyetma-s, d rray-inu, wer nettettu baba-s a t-yerḥem rebbi. Zeg yisefra i dayi-iɣennej Xalid Izri, dinni: “amaziɣ” d ijj n tqessist teqqen ɣer tnettit, tessawal x mamek i ttuɣa-neɣ d mani niweḍ, d beṭṭu d ucelleq i daneɣ-yemsaren. Dinni ɛawed taqessist n “tarwa n ddunit”, d tqessist n “Ulaɣi” tessawal x min yeɛdun. Dinni isefra nneɣnit amecnaw “Yiweḍ-dd lweqt-nwem”, dinni taqessist “tidet”, yegga-s llɣa ɛad wer dd-teffiɣ ca. Dinni tiqessisin nneɣnit amecnaw “manis yekka”…
Uriɣ ɛawed i unaẓur Karim Lmersi, iij uɣennij wer t-izemmem ca deg walbum-nnes, aɣennij-a qqaren-as “awal”. Amen uriɣ i tseḍma n tifyur d Lbujeddayni tnayen n yisefra, “In’as” d “Awen daneɣ-ittqessan iles”. Uriɣ ɛawed i yijj n tseḍma qqaren-as Maksis, maca tura x-as ad temmet qbel a dd-teffeɣ ɣer tudert. Uriɣ i unaẓur Muḥemmed Numidya ijj n tqessist ɛad wer tt-dd-yessufeɣ ca ɣer tudert. D yina d inaẓurn i umi uriɣ.
Lexxu teḍḍuqqeẓ-dd ijj n lmujet n tira n usefru, aṭṭas zeg yiḥudriyen tteggen tizemmar di tira n tqessisin, ssufuɣen-dd idlisen. Mamek i txezzared ɣer tira n usefru Arifi n wass-a?
Asefru n wass-a, d ijj n rrbeḥ d ameqqran. Aṭṭas n tezlawitin, aṭṭas n yezlawiyen ttarin asefru, deg-s min isebḥen aṭṭas, deg-s min isebḥen drus, kulci yecna, wer yeḥḥli illa xmi wer yelli ca. Deg yiḥudriyen, dinni lebɛaḍ ɣer-sen isefra ttifen inni n yimezwura. Ina n lexxu merra ɣrin, kkin sekwilat, inni imezwura ttuɣa-ten d izlawiyen amenni waha, bnan x min ittesla umeẓẓuɣ-nsen. Maca ttɣiman ca n yezlawiyen zeg yimezwura, wer yelli wi ten ɣa ihezzen. Wer nzemmer ca a nini: wer yell wi ten-ɣa yeɛdun, minzi mala nenna ammu, lexdenni ad tafed negga taẓeqqa i usefru. Maca neccin nessitim a dd-asen yinni i ɣa yarin ḥsen zeg-neɣ, ḥsen zeg yimezwura. Minzi lḥajet i wer yegguren ɣer zzat, tettmetta. Llan waṭṭas n yismawen, nnehla ma idareɣ-dd, bac wer ttettuɣ ḥedd, maca dinni aṭṭas n zeg-sen ɣer-sen min ɣa inin. Dinn asefru, dinni izlawiyen, manaya yessefraḥ.
Nettqad-ac a ssi Ɛebdelḥamid Lyenduzi, ɣer uneggaru, tticceɣ-ak tlata n yismawen, xseɣ a x-asen tinid awal-nnec: Chacha, Ḥmed Zzeyyani, d Faḍma Lweryaci?
Min dak-ɣa iniɣ? Chacha, wanita d ijj n wedrar! D azlawi, ittari ungal, d amesneflul. Chacha, d ijj n lbumba tugur ssa zi Arif, tɛemmer, ttuɣa tettraja illa mani ɣa teḍḍuqqeẓ, teḍḍuqqeẓ di tmurt n berra. D ameɣnas, ttuɣa-t d aẓelmaḍ, yeksi ixarrisen n tmareksit. D tidet, umi yenna reẓ ṭṭabu, minzi mala wer yerriẓ, wer dd-tneqqer tfukt amen yenna deg wawal-nnes. Maca xseɣ a c-iniɣ belli mli yerẓa ṭṭabu-nni da di Arif ili yerreẓ-as weɛrur! Minzi neccin da, aṭṭas n yixemrawen seɛɛfen-dd ussan-nneɣ, ttɛicen-aneɣ deg yimeẓẓuɣen, semxumblen tawengimt-nneɣ d tussna-nneɣ… aṭṭas d nitni tterran-aneɣ tadelsa-nneɣ merra ḥram, merra bidɛa… Chacha, aṭṭas i yenna, aṭṭas i yura, maca drus i daneɣ-dd-yiwḍen. ssitimeɣ zeg yimeḥḍaren d yimerzuten ad rzun di min dd-yejja.
Ḥmed Zzeyyani, d adrar n yezlan. Manaya wer x-as bu taggut. Minzi xmi neqqar Zzeyyani, neqqar Ayt Sɛid. Necc ttbanen-ayi merra Ayt Sɛid d izlawiyen. Iwdan n teqbilet-a, ɣer-sen ijj n twengimt, teksi ca n yezlan wer ten-tettifed ula deg yijj n wemkan di Arif. Necc qqareɣ-tt: wenni i yellan d usɛid, uca wer dd-yeffiɣ d azlawi, sufɣem-t zi Ayt Sɛid. Niɣ kksem-as nnekwet. ɣer-i dinni imeddukkal, zeg-sen Ɛebdelmunɛim Ajwawi, ttuɣa yeqqar-ayi-dd ca n yezlan d iqdimen aṭṭas, wer ssineɣ manis dd-ittawi ddegg-nni n yezlan. Amen dak-nniɣ; Ḥmed Zzeyyani, yeswa zeg yijj n tala d taḥurrit, yesmun-dd min yellan yunneḍ-as-dd, yerni x-as aḥadi-nnes, uca isaqar-aneɣ-dd asefru yifif. Netta temsar-as amecnaw Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, umi i dasen-yenna: “necc llɣa i tteggeɣ, jebbdeɣ-t-idd zi min dayi-dd-yunnḍen, walli d necc i t-yeggin”. Zi tala-nni i zi yeswa Zzeyyani, yiweḍ bac a daneɣ-dd-yesmun ca n yidlisen, amecnaw “tariwriwt i mulay”, “ad ariɣ deg weẓru”, “iɣembab xezzaren ɣer wudem-nsen deg wudem n aman”; d idlisen zi min yecnan deg usefru Amaziɣ. Zzeyyani d tala n yezlan, imken muḥal a t-iɛawed zzman, illa mala ca n yijjen d mmi-s n Ayt Sɛid, d mmi-s n ddcar-nni!
Tazlawit-nneɣ tameqqrant Faḍma Lweryaci, d tɣuyyit! Tusa-dd deg yijj n wakud ttuɣa tamɣart wer tzemmar ad tessiwel ula aked uma-s, ula aked baba-s, tusa-dd nettat, teqqim di ssuq n yergazen, tenna izlan! Faḍma Lweryaci, amen teqqar nettat lebda: “wer zemmareɣ ad qqimeɣ wer ttiliɣ d tazlawit, necc d tameḥḍart n Marẓuq”. Xseɣ a dak-iniɣ illa wer dinni bu ca n wezlawi niɣ d tazlawit, ɣrin idlisen anict n min teɣra nettat. Tessijj x tdelsawin n yegduden merra. Lebda aqqa-tt teqqar. Faḍma, d lalla-s n tezlawitin! ɣer-s tiqessisin sebḥent s waṭṭas. Xmi ɣa tini awal, aqqa-cekk dinni tfessyed iceddan. Izlan-nnes iẓiḍen s waṭṭas. Faḍma, deg-s ijj n tɣennant aked yexf-nnes, aked tudert,… d ijj n tezlawit tbedd deg wudem n taqsuḥi, maca ɣer daxxel-nnes, d ijj n bnadem yerhef! Lebda tettru!… tazlawit Faḍma Lweryaci, necc ɣer-i, d weltma, d tameddukkelt, d tazlawit, d taselmadt. Ijj n saḥḥit d ameqqran i tezlawit-a.
Γer ɛawed: Muḥemmed Caca ; Izlan n yiḍ-a di Arif merra mserwasen.


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Tameddit n wass-nni n lḥed iɛeddan, i yessuli ttiɛad adelsan, i d-ijemlen ddeqs n yimedyazen d yiḥeddaden n wawal, wid i t-ittfeṣsilen i iwezznen tameslayt. Mbeɛd xemsa n wussan n temlilit d unecraḥ akked urfad n tmussni, i d-yesgerwen ayen din d amdan ɣer yiri n tesga n tmedyazt am wakken d tawacult tameẓyant, xas ma ɛeddan wussan-agi am lebraq.
Ihi, ass-nni n, 4 ɣuct iɛeddan, i temdel tiwwura-as tezrigt tamzwarut n Tfaska taɣelnawt n tmedyazt tamaziɣt iwumi semman “ Tafaska taɣelnawt amedyez-Iflisen Umellil”. Yella-d usiher-agi adelsan gar 31 yulyu d 04 ɣuct di taddart n Wat Sɛada deg tɣiwant n Sidi Ɛli Bunab, dayra n Tedmayt. Di tedwilt-agi tamezwarut, gan yimsuddsen n tfaska-a, tazrigt-a d tajmilt i tzeffant d tnaẓurt tameqqrant “Ourida Mezaguer” yettwassnen s yisem n “Anissa”, i yefkan aṭas i ssinima d tezlit taqbaylit. Mbeɛd xemsa n wussan n temsizzelt gar yimedyazen, yal wa d acu n tunṭict i d-yewwi, yal wa d acu n usentel iɣef yessefra…atg, yal amedyaz, yeɣra-d tlata n yisefra i ijerred di tfaska-a, yal wa s wacu i ikemmel icebbeḥ-iten, wa s ṣṣut-is, wa s unya, wa s usexdem n tfekka-s…atg.
Ɣer tama n waya, yella-d wahil d anesbaɣur gar timsikniyin, ameslay ɣef tmeddurt d umecwar n llal n tejmilt Anissa, asarag n Mass Cemmax Said d win n Mass Saɛdi Qasi, i d-yewwin ɣef tmedyazt taqbaylit, tufɣiwin, isikwan n usnulfu aseklan d tudyizt, timucuha, ccna, amezgun…atg. Tessuli tezrigt-agi tamezwarut n tfaska-a s ufraq n waṭas n warrazen i wid d tid i d-yufraren deg-s. Arraz n umɣar, yewwi-t umedyaz d umaru Saɛid Fellag, ma d arraz n yilemẓi, yewwi-t umedyaz ilemẓi Ɛezim Menzu. Arraz n tmeṭṭut, iṣaḥ-d tamedyzt tilemẓit Buciba Fatiḥa, ma d arras n teseqqamut n yinzurfa, tḥara-t-id tmedyazt Buseksu Linda, ma d arraz n tantala, yuɣal i umedyaz Buzid Mesṭafa. Arraz wis kraḍ, yettunefk i umedyaz ilemẓi Arib Massinisa, yettwassnen s yisem n tẓuri “Massi yurǧan tafsut”, ma d arraz wis sin, yerbeḥ-it umedyaz Yunsi Mulud, ma d arraz amzwaru, yufrar-d yis-s umedyaz Ibri Ḥamid.
Ad d-nesmekti kan belli, d Tiddukkla tadelsant Anegmu n taddart n Wat Sɛada, di Sidi Ɛli Bunab, Tadmayt s lmendad n Ugraw n yimedyazen yezdin amedyez, i d-iheggan tazrigt-agi tamezwarut “Amedyez-Iflisen Umellil”. Ɣer taggara maḍi, ad d-nesmekti s yisura ideg i d-turar tzeffant Anissa i tettcebiḥ diɣ ledwar ideg i d-turar, amedya: asaru Axxam n Dda Meẓyan, asaru Itij n Zira, asaru Tawrirt yettwattun…atg.
Gh. A.


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Asɣelles n wakal aɣelnaw : Tga Tredsa taɣelnaw, deg yiwen n yimalas, mennaw tmezlaAkras, 08 Ctembeṛ 2021 16:07
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Mennaw n temzal i gant, tsensirin akked teyunin n Tredsa taɣelnawt taɣerfant, deg yiwen n yimalas, deg ukatar n tuɣdaḍin-nsen tiheggarin n uḥuddu akked usɣelles n wakal aɣelnaw mgal akk talɣiwin n yimihiten, i la yettnagin ɣef unmeqqen n tdusiwin Tumrigin, aḥareb ɣef telwit akked tɣellist n tmurt, i d-tenna tecrawt tamezlant n Tredsa taɣelnawt taɣerfant i d-yeffɣen ass n Ukras (larebɛa).
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 277 n tejṛa timaynutin, 203 n tujjyiwin d 8 n tmettaninAynas, 07 Yunyu 2021 10:32
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d snat n tmaḍ d samraw sat (277) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 203 n tujjyiwin d 8 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 258 n tejṛa timaynutin, 187 n tujjyiwin d 5 n tmettaninAsamas, 30 Mayu 2021 08:16
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d snat n tmaḍ d smumraw tamet (258) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 187 n tujjyiwin d 5 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 285 n tejṛa timaynutin, 189 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettaninAkwas, 27 Mayu 2021 10:30
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d snat n tmaḍ d tamraw semmuset (285) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 189 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 209 n tejṛa timaynutin, 138 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettaninAynas, 24 Mayu 2021 07:53
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d snat n tmaḍ d tẓat (209) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 138 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 195 n tejṛa timaynutin, 149 n tujjyiwin d 8 n tmettaninAkras, 12 Mayu 2021 09:17
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d timiḍi tẓamraw semmuset (195) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 149 n tujjyiwin d 8 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 184 n tejṛa timaynutin, 134 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettaninAsinas, 11 Mayu 2021 08:39
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d timiḍi tamraw kuẓet (184) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 134 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Anfafad bu uqacuc: 204 n tejṛa timaynutin, 140 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettaninAynas, 10 Mayu 2021 09:25
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ttwawekkdent-d snat n tmaḍ d kuẓet (204) n tejṛa timaynutin n unfafad bu uqacuc (aḍḍan n Covid-19), 140 n tujjyiwin d 7 n tmettanin deg tecrawt taneggarut deg Lezzayer, ɣef wakken ay d-yenna, ass n ukwas, yiwen n ulɣu n uɣlif n tdawsa.
Isehwa n ubrid : mmuten 3.049 n yimdanen akked 29.095 nniḍen d imejraḥ deg 11 n wayyuren imezwura n 2019Asinas, 24 Dujembeṛ 2019 11:49
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT - Mmuten 3.049 n yimdanen akked 29.095 nniḍen d imejraḥ deg 21.109 n yisehwa n ubrid i skelsen deg uswir aɣelnaw, deg mraw d yiwen (11) n wayyuren imezwura n useggas n 2019, i d-tenna ass n uynas (letniyen) yiwet n tecrawt n Wammas aɣelnaw n uḥezzeb akked tɣellist n yiberdan (CNPSR).
Isehwa n ubrid : Mmuten 2.557 akked 24.397 nniḍen d imejraḥ deg 9 n wayyuren imezwura n 2019Akwas, 24 Tubeṛ 2019 15:26
LEZZAYER TAMANEƔT – Sin igiman semmuset tmiḍiyin smumraw sa (2.557) n yimdanen i yemmuten akked 24.397 nniḍen d imejraḥ deg 17.525 n yisehwa n ubrid i d-yeḍran deg uswir aɣelnaw, deg tẓa (09) n wayyuren imezwura n useggas ideg nella, i d-tenna ass n ukwas (lexmis) yiwet n tecrawt n Wammas aɣelnaw n uḥezzeb akked tɣellist n tabridant (CNPSR).


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TAMURT TAQVAYLIT (SIWEL) — Lawan-ayi ifuk ucarae 05 n yimeɣnasen : Ḥusin Ɛazem, Bueziz At Cebbib, Ḥemmu Bumedyen, Beleid Ɛmer Xuǧa; Busae Baca, eeddan ass-a di teɣdemt n Tizi Wezzu, tiririt ad teffeɣ tameddit n wass-a.
Akken i tella tiɣri i unejmue i wass-ayi 12/07/2021, aṭas imeɣnasen d yiqvayliyen ladɣa n Wat Ɛebd Lmumen D agni yeɣran ivedden sdat n teɣdemt akken ad ilin ɣer yidis n yimeḥvas anda isuturen ad asen-d-serḥen s leejlan.
Adavu azzayri amhersan, yewwet s wayen yezmer akken ad irreẓ anejmue-ayi, anda aṭas imeɣnasen i d-yusan ttwaṭṭfen gar-asen anda yella umeɣnas ƐebNur Ɛebd Slam Xaled Tazaɣart, Murad At Mimu d wiyeḍ…
Iusmekti, iḍelli i d-tella tikli tameqqrant n yiqvayliyen di tmanaɣt-n Fransa Paris, anda suturen i tuddsiwin tigreɣlanin akken ad d-skecment iman-nsen mgal lḥers n udavu amhersan i d-yeɣlin ɣef tmurt Taqvaylit.
Amussu n ufraniman MAK d unavaḍ ueḍil aqvayli, xedmen-d tiɣri yakan akk i yiqvayliyen i tddukli akken Tevɣu tili tmuɣli tasertant akken asezdin iɣallen mgal tamhersa tazzayrit; akken daɣen i d-yessawel umussu le MAK i usnerni d useǧhed n tigawin deg wussan i d-iteddun deg umaḍal akken ad taweḍ tiɣri ɣer lǧnas.
SIWEL 121723 JUI 21


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Midden sessen aman uḍil zi luluf iseggusa. Ɛad lux iwdan sessen-t waxxa tamawast n seḥhet teqqar belli izemmer ccreb ad ineɣ bnadem. Deg iseggusa imeggura iwdan ttɣilen ila qa binu izzeggart zi tudert n bnadem. Mamec ig illa d asebḥan i seḥhet n wul.
Deg usegg°as n 1980, tban-d ict tɣuri, tetteqqen jar tisessi n binu d usenqes zi lehlakat n wul d tinni n walli. Qqaren manaya minzi binu netta dag-s Risfiratul, izemmren ad igg lxedmet-a. Waxxa aṭṭas n imrezzuten ccaten di ddegg-a n trezzutin. Xelli amenni, qqaren iḍbiben ila binu izemmer ad yegg axenzir ɛawed. Ameknaw axenzir n tsa d wenni n stumaɣu.
Ifransisen qqaren belli nitni wer hellken ca aṭṭas zeg wul, minzi zeg wayduden issesen binu aṭṭas. Yettɣima amherwaḍ x manaya dag-s aṭṭas n upulimik. Ittadef dag-s tussna aked ddin d yidles. Kul ijjen mani ig ijebbed.
Asit n « myoclinic » iqqar ila ijjen lkas n binu aked macca wer dag-s walu. Kṭer zi manaya izemmer ad iɛawen wul. Ca n tmaṭyirin aqqa-yent deg waman n uḍil qqaren-asent « tipulifinulat » ḥeṭṭant iẓuran n wul. Ijjen marka zi « tipulifinulat » qqaren-as « Risfiratul » yella s waṭṭas di binu.
Risfiratul di binu azegg°aɣ.
Imrezzuten qqaren ila Risfiratul i yellan di teqcurt n uḍil, izemmer ad iɛawen ɣer usenqes n uprutin n tadunt. Ittekkes cwayt akulistirul. Ɛawed issenqas zeg ujellet n idammen. Din tiɣuriwin nniḍen qqarent i Risfiratul wer ɣer-s bu ca n nnfeɛ d ameqqran x wul.
Risfiratul nzemmer ad t-naf deg uqcur n uḍil i nsxeddam maḥend ad ismem binu. Qqaren imrezzuten qa binu azegg°aɣ dag-s aṭṭas n Risfiratul x wenni acemlal minzi wenni azegg°aɣ ittbedda x uqcur n uḍil. Izemmer bnadem ad isu ɣir uẓemmi n uḍil maḥend ad yaf Risfiratul-nni.
Mamec ittɛawan alkul ul ?
Wer din bu ca n ḥajet ar lux teqqar-aneɣ ila birra niɣ binu acemlal d alkul nniḍen ḥsen binu azegg°aɣ di ḥeṭṭu n wul. Aṭṭas n tɣuriwin nnant ila mala bnadem iswa drus n walkul, mamec mma yegga, izemmer ad iɛawen ul s :
- isgeɛɛad akulistirul asebḥan
- issenqas zeg ujelleṭ n idammen
- Ittɛawan maḥend aẓur n wul wer ittḍeyyiɛ s ukulistirul aɛeffan.
Su drus niɣ wer sess qaɛ
Ittban-d ila iwdan isessen drus n binu, wer ten-ittaɣ ca aṭṭas lehlak n wul. Xelli amenni, tiɣuriwin ig ismquddan jar inni isessen d inni wer isessen qaɛ, ad yili ssuffant di lfaydet n binu. Ɛad ttxessant aṭṭas n tɣuriwin nniḍen maḥend ad ittwabedd ɣer tidet n nnfeɛ n binu d markar n walkul nniḍen.
Tamesmunt n wul tamarikant wer dak-teqqar ca su binu maḥned wer dak-ittili lehlak n wul. Minzi binu izemmer ad ak-yegg imxumbal nniḍen ameknaw :
- lehlak n wul, tsa d inerfeḍ
- afcal n wul
- aṭansyu
- ca n markar n uxenzir
- lehlakat n walli.
- tamenɣiwt n yixef
- aseḥḥi
Wer sess qaɛ alkul mala aqqa-ac/m :
- s ddiset
- Mala ḥedd zi lwacun-nnec ttuɣa ittɣella aṭṭas
- Mala tehlked zi tsa, inerfeḍ
- mala day-k afcal n wul
- mala tsessed ca n markat n isafaren.
Mala texsed ad teswed s tidet binu, ixess ad teḥḍid manaya :
Ijjen lkas i temɣarin. Ijjen lkas waha i yirgazen min ɣer yella kter zi 65 iseggusa. Tnayen n lkisan i yirgazen min ɣer yella qell zi 65 iseggusa.
Lkas netta dag-s manaya :
335 mililiṭer n birra
148 mililiṭer n binu
44 mililiṭer n walkul


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TAMURT TAQVAYLIT (SIWEL) — D agerruj i d-ixulef urgaz bu tissas. Ass-a, ula yiwen ur yezmir ad yezgel ayen i d-yeǧǧa. Γas ma yella lmut tewwi tafekka-s, maca cfawat-is qqimrnt-d i lebda. D ayen i d-tessers Teqbaylit ɣef yal aeeggal-is ad ikemmel abrid-is.
Amek ara nkemmel deg ubrid-is? Amek ara as-netr tajmilt i yuklal? Send ad nerr ɣef sin yisteqsiyen-agi, ilaq af nẓeṛ d acu i aɣ-yeggunin ɣer-s, d acu mazal ur yettwaxdam ara ar tura?
Ihi abrid mazal ɣezzif, yessutur deg-nneɣ leqdic zeddigen, beṛṛa n umnar n cwal d wayen yetthuddun ifadden, yefren udem n talwit d tdukli-nneɣ yessergigiyen iedawen.
Di tudert-is yakan yeqqar-d : » Nekk am tṛemmant yeldin, tezmer ad teṭṭerḍeq ɣer wudem n win ara yesrewten deg wayla-w! « .
Ayen i d-yeqqimen ass-a d tamedyazt-is, s yimeslayen-is yeqqazen. Ur yezmir yiwen ad ten-yesseqdec i wayen nniḍen? Ladɣa i tektiwin yessawalen ɣer beṭṭu d cwal ger watmaten.
Teɣzi n tudert-is yerra-tt i usnerni n yidles Amaziɣ-is d tmagit-is Taqbaylit. Yeggra-d deg wullawen n waṭas n yimdanen deg umaḍal, ladɣa di tmura n Tmazɣa n Tefriqt n Ugaffa yedduklen i yellan lebda d assirem-is.
Mi negza amennuɣ-is, ḥala mi t-negza, ad d-nerr s lexbeṛ acimmi i yuɣal d azamul n tdukli n yiɣerfan imaziɣen d yizerfan n umdan s umata.
Sgunfu di talwit a yizem n Ǧerǧer, ha-t-an ula d tin i aɣ-d-teǧǧiḍ d rriḥa-k tkemmel ɣer yidisan-ik am wakken i tettili, iziɣeṛ-is di talwit. D awezɣi ad nezgel ula d awal seg wayen akk i tecniḍ, i turiḍ d wayen akk i d-tenniḍ, deg ubrid-ik ara neddu a yizem n Teqbaylit, d awezɣi ad nezgel ayen i d-tenniḍ, imi ass-a neṣṣaweḍ ɣer usenfaṛ n timunent n tmurt-nneɣ Taqbaylit am wakken i tecniḍ di tezlatin-ik tineggura : » Ddwa-s ad ncerreg tamurt… » send adabu arebrab azdayri ad ak-yeɣder s ṛṣas n yiḍan-is.
Sgunfu di talwit a win ulac-it yella.
SIWEL 252240 JUI 21


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Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif
Ṯarifiṯ
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Izȓan n nnabi Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (Tarifit)
Ca n yizȓan n nnabi Dawed tarjmen ḏanita s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif, iƹni ṯarifiṯ.
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Izȓi wis 1 zi Zzabur n Siḏna Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (ṯarifiṯ).
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Izȓi wis 8 zi Zzabur n Siḏna Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (ṯarifiṯ).
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Izȓi wis 23 zi Zzabur n Siḏna Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (ṯarifiṯ).
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Izȓi wis 51 zi Zzabur n Siḏna Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (ṯarifiṯ).
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Izȓi wis 56 zi Zzabur n Siḏna Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (ṯarifiṯ).
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Izȓi wis 57 zi Zzabur n Siḏna Dawed s ṯmaziɣṯ n Arrif (ṯarifiṯ).
Droits d'auteur © 2022, Awar n Arebbi s Tmazight n Arrif


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Iberreḥ-d ass-nni n lḥed di Lezzayer tamaneɣt, uneɣlaf n Usegmi aɣelnaw, Abdelhakim Belabed belli atug n urbaḥ deg ukayad n n taggara n ulmud n uɣerbaz amenzu yewweḍ ɣer 83,31%, deg wakal n tmurt. Yerna yenna-d, agemmuḍ-agi, d ayen yettwaqbalen.
Deg yiwen n usarag n tɣamsa, i iga i lmend n beddu n yikayaden n Lbak, isegza-d uneɣlaf belli agemmuḍ-agi yewweḍ ɣer 94,90% deg 48 n lwilayat, mi ara d-nseddu atug n uɛeddi (atug n rrbeḥ deg yikayaden rnu-as talemmast n uktazal imezgi). Ad nesmekti kan belli 812.655 n yinelmaden i yeqqaren deg 18 000 n yiɣerbazen imenza yellan di tmurt. Ddeqs daɣen n yiɣerbazen i d-yewwin agemmuḍ n 100%.
Tizi Uzzu deg umḍiq amezwaru i tikkelt tis 11
Ass-nni n lḥed yezrin (16 yunyu), mi i d-banen yigemmaḍ n ukayad n taggara n uswir amenzu (5e) n useggas aɣurbiz 2018-2019, yeḍḥa-d belli d lwilaya n Tizi Uzzu i d-yufraren i tikkelt tis 11, ta deffir ta.
Imi seg useggas n 2008, d nettat i yettaṭṭafen taqacut n umyezwar deg yigemmaḍ n tlata n yikayaden n taggara n useggas, gar-asen akayad-agi n 5e. Deg wayen yerzan igemmaḍ n lwilaya n Tizi Uzzu, Ɛlaḥsab n unemhal n usegmi-ines, azal n 17 865 i ijerden iman-nsen deg umuɣen n useeddi n ukayad-a, yerna seeddan-t akk. Leḥsab n wid i t-id-yewwin yelḥaq 16 879, s lqidar n 91, 11%, ma yella s wid iɛeddan s asuffeɣ (passage) yewweḍ ɣer 96,64%.
Azal n 222 n yiɣerbazen imenza, ɣef 624 n yiɣerbazen, i d-iḥellan 100% deg ukayad-agi, s lqidar n 35,56%. Azal daɣen n 30 n yinelmaden i d-yewwin tazmilt n 10/10 deg ukayad-agi, ma 24 n yinelmaden i d-yewwin tazmilt n 9,9 d wugar n 851 n yimsizewren sɛan ugar n 9,5.
Ma deg umyezwar n lwilayt deg yigemmaḍ n ukayad-agi, i tikkelt tis 11 d lwilaya n Tizi Uzzu, i d-yettifriren deg umḍiq amezwaru. Ad d-nesmekti kan, belli inelmaden-agi i yesɛan tazmilt n 5/10 neɣ ugar neɣ wid iɛeddan s usuffeɣ ad ruḥen deg wussan-agi ad jerden iman-nsen deg useggas amezwaru deg uɣerbaz alemmas. Ma deg wayen yerzan igemmaḍ n ukayad n BEM, yetturaǧu ad bannen ass, 01 yulyu 2019, ma d wid n BAC ad ilin ass n, 20 yulyu i d-iteddun.
Adaoun Abdelghani


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Abuferriw
Abuferriw neɣ Tawacult n ibuferriwen (Assaɣ ussnan: Paridae) d tawacult n yigṭaṭ yettidiren deg umadal amzikan d Marikan n Ugafa, Abuferriw d afrux meẓẓiyen, ableɣ-is yettili gar n 10 cm ar 22 cm, Aṭas seg telmas n twacult-a ttidiren zdat n yimdanen anda ttafen učči-nsen am yifsan.
isem[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Anagar tiwsitin tiynelmasin, yakk tilmas n ubuferriw d tid yettemcabin s waṭas deg talɣa. Dɣa tawacult-a tettwassnen s wemcabi n yigmamen-is (tilmas-is) akk. Teɣzi tagejdant n telmas n ubuferriw yettili gar n 10 alamma 16 cm, yakk d 9 alamma d 21 cm i tewsitin tiynelmasin, ma d azuk yettili gar n 7 ar 29 g yakk d 5 ar 49 g i tewsitin tiynelmasin, S umata ifurken igejdanen n ubuferriw ttaken-d seg yiniten yemgaraden n wafrawen-is.
Aqamum
Aqamum n ubuferriw meẓẓiy maca llan wid ihrawen d wid sdiden (rqiqen) s unect (ɛla ḥsab) n wučči ɣef wacu yegguni, Acku tilmas iy tetten iburɣas lant (sɛant) iqamumen sdiden, ma d tilmas iy tetten ifsan iqamumen-nsent zhur-it.
Ideggan n tudert[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Abuferriw d ajqiw yettidiren deg waṭas n yidgan n umadal anda yettidir deg umur ameqran n imenẓawen n Uruppa d Asya d Tefriqt d Marikan n Ugafa, Ula di tmurt n Iqbayliyen llant kra n telmas am ubuferriw azegzaw.
Tilmas[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
S unect n usismel n umnir (alqem 5.2, 2015) n uswir amesnaylal agreɣlan
- Abuferriw bucentuf Baeolophus (5 n telmas)
- Cephalopyrus (1 n telmest)
- Abuferzegzaw Cyanistes (3 n telmas)
- Abuferisk Lophophanes (2 n telmas)


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Aṭṭas n yiwdan ig ittetten aɣẓaẓ, zzag-s lluz, taɣyayt… Ttettent midden minzi tettas-d d tmiẓiḍt x yiles. Waxxa din ca zzag-sen qqaren belli aɣẓaẓ izemmer ad irni si seḥḥet minzi dag-s aṭṭas n tadunt ideqqsen. Zeg ijjen uɣezdis nniḍen, nnant ca n trezzutin belli tadunt-nni ideqqsen i dag-s deg weɣẓaẓ tessbeḥ. Minzi teccur s Omega 3.
Yecna i iḥenjiren d temɣarin i yeksin s ddiset
waxxa tadunt-nni ideqqsen tewweḍ ca n 60% deg weɣẓaẓ ameknaw taɣyayt. Maca nnfeɛ-nnes ktar zi ddruriyt-nnes. Aɣẓaẓ nettat d aɣbal n ibiṭaminen, Ipruṭinen d lmeɛden. Dag-s ca n tmeslayin timeqqranin aknaw akalsyum. Lluz netta dag-s ca n 250 mlg n ukalsyum di mkul 100 gram zzag-s. Netta d ijjen tsemkta yessbeḥ itticc i arrimet akalsyum i isebḥen i yexsan n iḥenjiren d temɣarin i yellan s ddiset. Aɣẓaẓ dag-s ula d uzzal ineffɛen i yexsan, i yenn ɣer llan ixsan ḍeɛcen.
Lfaydet n weɣẓaẓ d tameqqrant s waṭṭas ɛawed ɣer-s nnfeɛ x wul n bnadem d inerfeḍ-nnes. Mara teccid cwayt n weɣẓaẓ kur simana ad yiri d asebḥan maḥend a x-ak yeḥḍa zi laṭṭanat n wul, axenzir n uprustat d uxenzir n stumaɣu.
D ijjen rfaydet d tameqqrant
Imussnawen n tesdawit n Harverd Tamarikanit ttuɣa izzar-asen mlin-d lfaydet tameqqrant n weɣẓaẓ. Nnan-d ila aɣẓaẓ netta urid issenqas zeg ukulistirul zeg idammen waha. Maca netta irenni utniwksid (antioxydant). Mamec ittɛawad ɣer ugenfi n waṭṭas n lehlacat.
Min yecnan qaɛ di manaya, nettaf di tesdawit n Harvard, ttuɣa tticen i ca n yiwdan ad ccen aɣẓaẓ zi ca n 24% zi min tetten deg wass amen yekmel. Min ufin ? ufin belli netni urid seḥḥen, maca qqimen amenni. Ca zzag-sen ɛad inqess di seḥḥet-nnes.
Cc aɣẓaẓ zi rweqt ɣer tenniḍen
Mala nessen mamec ɣa negg a necc aɣẓaẓ ataf ad aneɣ-yenfeɛ aṭṭas. Minzi aɣẓaẓ dag-s drus n waman maca yessur s ipruṭinen d sekkwar. Merra min dag-s ideqqes s min ineffɛen i ddat n bnadem. S uya qqaren ixess war dji ad t-tecced ar ɣa tejjiwned minzi ataf wer tzemmred ad tecced maccat nniḍen. Mala texsed wer tseḥḥid ca aṭṭas, ataf wer dag-s walu mala teccid ijjen tɣenjayt n weɣẓaẓ kul ass niɣ drus zzag-s kul simana. Minzi mala tkeṭṭred zzag-s ɛawed qa ataf a cek-iḍerr minzi iccur s ikaluriten.


text: lmend n 40 iseggassen n cna akked umennuɣ adelsan, tiddukla n Yeqvayliyen n Swis, i tikkelt tamezwarut ad d-tenced, Massa Malika DOMRANE, i tmeɣra n ccna ass n 8 yunyu 2019 ɣef 19t00 di tzeqqa n tɣiwant n Bavois (VD). Tansa n tzeqqa: Avrid n Gare, CH-1372 Bavois (VD). Pour la première fois en Suisse et pour ces 40 ans de chansons et de combat identitaire, l’Association des Kabyles de Suisse accueillera Malika Domrane pour un concert le 08 juin 2019 à 19h00 à la salle communale de Bavois. Adresse : Rue de la Gare, Bavois


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Tacemmuḍt n Uhulukust tettɛeqqab ɣer umenɣi amaḍlan wis tnayen (1939-1945) mani mmuten imelyunen n wudayen x ijjen ddsas n arrasa.
Iparasyuten n tniɣitin-a yegg-itent ukabar Anazi Aliman, i ttuɣa yellan x uzellif-nnes Adulef Hitler, i ttuɣa iḍeffren udayen. S uya azgen ameqqran n inni immuten di tcemmuḍt-nni d udayen. Nnumrawat qqarent belli zi 10 n wudayen, 07 zzag-sen mmuten x tnettit-nnsen.
Aked uɣezdis n wudayen, Inaziyen nɣin markat nniḍen n yiwdan ameknaw: Ixiṭanuten d imeɛḍar. Mamec kerfen midden nniḍen ameknaw zzwamel…
Ahulukust ttuɣa-t d ameknaw x wesfaḍ i yemsaren i jjmaɛet n yiwdan. Ixes ad yini manaya belli ddewla Talimant tenɣa aṭṭas n yiwdan, minzi nitni ɣer-sen ijjen arrasa niɣ ca n tdeyyant s ixef-nnes.
Min ɛnan Inaziyen ?
Inaziyen d isem aquḍaḍ n Ukabar Ixeddamen Aqawmi Asusyalist Aliman, ittwaggen aseggas n 1919, awerni umenɣi amaḍlan amezwaru. Yemɣar ukabar-a wa deg iseggusa n ɛicrin, zegga texser Aliman amenɣi, d ttamara i yekkin x Ilimaniyen s ẓẓelḍ, minzi yettwagg x Uliman aṭṭas n lɛuqubat. Inaziyen ila llan d arrasa n yiwdan, ila ttɣilen belli Arrasa n Wariyen yuɛla x arrasat nniḍen. Mamec i ten-ttuɣa kunṭra i wudayen.
Min iɛna Adulef Hitler ?
Deg useggas n 1921, idwel Adulef Hitler d ameqqran n ukabar Anazi. Deg useggas n 1933, idwel akabar-a d netta yeggin lḥukuma zegga irbeḥ deg istayen. Netta ɣir iwweḍ ad iṭṭef leḥkam, issidef izalen (les valeurs) inaziyen di merra udmawen n tudert deg Uliman. Issexdem asigg°ed d uhuddi x midden bac ad yaweḍ ɣer min ixes.
Wami immut wemɣar n Uliman, Hidenbureg aseggas n 1934, irra Hitler ixef-nnes d ameqqran n tmurt (Fuhrer). Inaziyen ttuɣa ttamnen belli arrasa-nnsen d amezdag, ttamnen ila Aliman yemɣer, mamec ttuɣa ɛebbden Afuhrer niɣ Adulef Hitler.
Akabar issexdem aṭṭas n tebridin maḥend ad ssemɣaren zeg ixarrisen-nnsen, tteggen ijemmuɛen imeqqranen, sxeddamen lebwaq bac ad ssiwḍen tibratin Tinazyin deg imukan izuyaz.
Lḥugra Tanazit
Deg useggas 1933 i di iṭṭfen Inaziyen tanbaḍt, Inaziyen ḥegren x ca n yiwdan ttwalan belli nitni ixess wer ttilin ca d Ilimaniyen, ameknaw Udayen. Inaziyen xedmen-d aṭṭas n izerfan bac ad ggen afraz aɛeffan x udayen. Kksen-asen tiseqqar-nnsen, wer ten-jjin ca ad adfen ɣer waṭṭas n imukan. Mamec ttuɣa wer zemmren ad ṭṭfen ca n imukan.
Lqecla n Dachau ttuɣa-tt d lqecla tamezwarut i yeggin Inaziyen, ɣer berra i Munich deg useggas n 1933. Awerni i ɣa ggen ca n 40 alef n lqecla deg imukan i yeṭṭfen, jar aseggas n 1933 d 1945.
Ca zi lqeclat-a tina, ttwaggen i usexxar, ca zzag-sen ttwaggent ḥuma ad ten-scemḍen. Aberru n midden i yemmuten alaḥsab lḥal aɛeffan i ttuɣa x-asen ittekken. Deg useggas n 1934, ggin-d ijjen lqanun qqaren-as « azref n wawal deg yiwdan aɛeffan » zi ssa dewlent tiḥuja i yellan kunṭra i Tnazit d ijjen tniɣit. Mamec ugin x tmuzikt n Jazz, urin idlisen issɣuran di tmezgidawin n tɣuri maḥend ad dag-sen sseɛdan izalen n Tnazit. Aṭṭas n idlisen i yekksen zeg webrid minzi ttuɣa wer ttemstfiqen ca aked Inaziyen.
Deg useggas n 1935, bellɛen ca n 1600 n jjurnal, ugin ad jjen ijurnalen ad fsaren mala wer dasen-smiḥen ca udayen.
« Llilet n zzaj iftuttsen» d imelyunen immuten
Deg wass n 09 Nuvember zeg useggas n 1938, tekka ijjen llilet d taberkant x wudayen. Tettwasemma s « llilet n zzaj iftuttsen », alaḥsab zzaj n tḥuna i yedlin x izubaq umi i yudfen x tḥuna n wudayen s bezzez. Llilet-nni mmuten ca n 91 n wudayen, ttwaṭṭfen 30 alef nniḍen, mamec reddjen 267 n usinagug d Uday.
Di beddu n September aseggas n 1939, Aliman tehwa-d x Pulanda, mayen isnekkren amenɣi amaḍlan wis tnayen. Jjin udayen di Pulanda ad ddren di ca n imukan s ixef-nnsen. Semman-asen ibaryuten n wudayen, msurrufen akid-sen s ijjen tuɛeffna d tameqqrant mamec aṭṭas zzag-sen ig immuten.
Deg iseggusa n rebɛin, Inaziyen wwḍen ɣer uxarres n « lqeclat n usizdeg », min ttuɣa semman nitni « afessay ameggaru » ḥuma sefḍen imezdaɣ wudayen zi tudert. Deg umeggaru n useggas n 1941, Inaziyen ggin lqecla tamezwart n usecmeḍ di Pulanda. Adu isem n « Kulmhof ». :amec ggin setta n imukan n usecmeḍ deg imukan iṭṭfen inaziyen di Pulanda. Lqecla n « Auschwitz » d nettat i ttuɣa yellan d tmeqqrant qaɛ. Aked uɣezids n ca n lqeclat nniḍen di Bilarusiya, Sirbiya, Ukraniya d Kerwatiya, i di mmuten luluf n wudayen.
Min ɛnan inni ittwanɣen niɣ ttwaḥegren di tcemmuḍt ?
Llista n midden i yemmuten deg ifarranen n Uhulukust, nettaf : Udayen, Ixiṭanuten, Islaviyen, ula kṭer inni n Tamunt Tasuvyatit d Pulanda d Yuguzlaviya, rni ɣer-sen imeɛḍar, zzwamel d jjmaɛet n « cchud n Yahuh » aked iseyyasiyen ig illan kunṭra-nnsen.
Mamec tkemmel Tacemmuḍt-nni ?
Wami wwḍen inni ttuɣa ittmenɣan kunṭra i Uliman ad cuqqen abrid-nnsen deg imukan i ttuɣa ṭṭfen Inaziyen qbel. Bdan ttafen lqeclat-a. Wami ig iban illa Inaziyen yeggur ad rẓen deg umenɣi, ggin tizemmar maḥend ad sefḍen marra timitar n min jjin ɣer deffer-nnsen mamec reddjen lqeclat-nni. Ggin bezzez x inni iqqimen ddren ad dewlen x iḍaren ɣer lqeclat n usecref deg Uliman. Aṭṭas n midden ig immuten d nitni ccaten ticrni-nni x iḍaren-nnsen.
Maca Inaziyen wer wwiḍen ca ad kksen merra min jjin ɣer deffer nnsen, wer teɛdi bu aṭṭas n lweqt ar mani ig issen amaḍal s Uhulukust. Lqecla n Majdanek d lqecla tamezwarut i snufslen deg unebdu n useggas n 1944. Inni yudfen lqecla-ya ssiwlen s utebheḍ x min dag-s ufin.
Waxxa aṭṭas n midden ffɣen zi lqelat-nni maca waxxa amenni mmuten, minzi wer ggenfin ca zi lehlakat-nni i x-asen d-ikkren.
Mayemmi Amaḍal ittfekkar aktay n tcemmuḍt ?
Ahulukust urid netta d asfaḍ weḥḥd-s illan deg umaḍal n yiwdan, mmuten imelyunen n midden di Kambudiya, Rwanda, Lbusna d Darfur. Iwdan ttfekkren-d aktay-a minzi xsen ad wcen lhimmet i umsedder i yexsen ad yili jar midden.
Tala: BBC


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Farid n Tuzzarin yettwassnen s tqessisin-nnes isḍeḥken aberru n yiwdan. Mamec Farid ixeddem x dublaj n « Zibuḥ » yettwassnen aṭṭas. Farid yewḍa-d deg ussan-a imeggura yehlek qbala.
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Almend n uneqqis n yiwunak yedduklen i d-yewwin gef tanḍa deg tudert, amelyun n ccetlat ara inegren seg umaḍal iseggasen-agi i d-iteddun. Akken dagen i d-tenna, tuddsa n yiwunak yedduklen n usegmi d tussna d yidles (Unesco), akken neẓra, asexser neg asenges n tanḍa n tudert yessexrab, yessexsar dagen tanḍa tadelsant d tanḍa tasnalsit. Ass-a, tis tlata seg tutlayin n umaḍal ur seint ara ugar n wagim n yimsawalen, amur ameqran seg tutlayin-agi ad negrent deg tmiḍi i d-iteddun. Idles yettuzrir s wassagen yellan gar yigduden d temnaḍin-nsen, d annecta i d-yeslalayen azalen, tussniwin d tagiwin yemgaraden d wassag akk d tunḍa n tudert s umata ( anda ttekkint ccetlat, uctalen d unagraw n twennadt). Aseḥbiber gef tanḍa n tudert yettwanna, yettwabder s wawalen d umawal yettwaselgen deg uctalen imettiyen n yidles.
Seg umeskan-agi , ad nakez tanḍa n tudert d tanda tadelsant mmcubbakent atas, seant assag yeğhed ger-asent. Akken d-beggnent tezrawin tussnanin timaynutin, tanḍa tadelsant tagamant tettangas deg umaḍal irkelli. Gas akken atas n tmura i ixeddmen iṣadufen d ttawilat i useḥbiber gef wayen i d-yegran seg tanḍa-agi tagamant. Nekkni s wid i izemlen ameskan-agi, nettwali tamsalt-agi tuklal tigawt ibanen, yessefk ad nebded akken ad neseḥbiber gef tanḍa tasnalsit, d tanḍa tadelsant skud ur ngirent.
Ameskan-agi yettaeraḍ ad d-yessebgen amek i d-neslalay assagen-agi d wamek i ilaq ad neḥrez amcubbak n tmazdayin i d ag-d-yezzin. Iswi-nneg ad naẓ ger zdat, ad neddu ger umaḍal anida ara yidiren waṭas n yiddayen. Ilmend n waya, nessaram ad d-neglem amek ansayen d leewayed d tmusminiw sselmaden tutlayt d yidles, ttbeddilen-asent udem, akken yelha, neg akken n diri, i tigawin i nettheggi i useḥbiber gef tanḍa n umaḍal. Gef wannecta ilaq ad nbeddel tikli-nneg ger yidles, ilaq nesnerni timeslayin-nneg akken ad neḍmen tudert d wiyaḍ, akka ad nesnerni igemmad-nneg.
Tadamsa d twennaṭ
Talsa d ugama ttwaqnen, mmcubbaken, akken mmcubbaken yimdanen di ddunit meṛṛa. Tigzi n wassagen-agi gar ugama d tmetti d tamentilt akken ad nili i lmendad n umaḍal yettbeddilen, i lmendad n tserwas ilaqen akken ad nheggi iman-nneg s wudem iğehden. Anagraw adamsan, n yimir-a, yettwabna gef udasil n twakksa n lerẓarq n ugama ttwalin yimdanen d agaruj ur nfennu. Tilkamin n usufeg d ttwaksa n lerẓaq-agi yettḍurru tanḍa tadelsant, akken dagen ur ag-yetteemmid ara ad nwali iman-nneg, nekni s yimdanen d aḥric deg ugraw-agi n twennaḍt
Inabaḍen, tuddsiwin tizuyaz ( n ddula) neg tusligin (privés), d tmetti s umata, sean tamasit deg yixedddim-nsen akken ad ddun ger zdat, deg useḥbiber gef lerẓaq-agi n tmurt, d useḥbiber gef yinumak d tḥekkayin i d-ttawin gef lerẓaq-agi n ugama. Akken ad nerfed acqirrew-agi ilaq :
- Aslili n tecreḍt (label) i ufares n tanḍa tadelsant d tanḍa n ugama
- Aslili n wahil i tuddsiwin ara irebḥen ticraḍ-agi. Akken ilaq ad ilint tigawin ara yesseḥbibren gef tanḍa tadelsant d tanḍa n ugama.
- Asbded n tbadut wessieen n tanḍa tadelsant d uskin meqqren ara yeddun d tbadut-agi.
- Aseğhed n unadi gef uzuzer d wazal n useḥbiber adelsan n ugama ( afaris adelsan, alzaz, učči…)
- Aseğhed n tsertiyin tizuyaz ad d-yelhun s useḥbiber gef leryuy yexallafen yeenan idelsan, akken ad nebnu tadamsa ara idumen. Ilas dagen ad neḍmen idles deg yal anagraw n ugama, ulac anagraw ara yeqqimen mebla idles.
- Asebges n tuddsiwin tusligin d tizuyaz akken ad ddunt d yiswiyen n unerni ara idumen n yiglanen yedduklen i icudden ger tanḍa tadelsant.
- Asnerni d uttekki deg yinadiyen n umaḍal irkelli gef tanḍa tadelesant akken ad tt- nessiweḍ ger temnaḍin tiyaḍ, ad tettwissen.
- Asrusi n tigawin ilaqen i udewenni d wassagen ara idumen i twennaṭ tadigant
Asegmi d tigzi
D lawan, i tmettiyin-nneg, ad gzunt, ad ttwelhent, s wudem azgan, ger wassagen ger yidles, tutlayt d tanḍa. Tisensegmit d allal agejdan akken ad nwelleh tisuta i d-teddun. Ur ilaq ara ad nettwali tisensegmit s wudem aratak ( anida wid yesean tamussni ad ilin mgal wid i tt-yeḥwağen), maca ilaq ad tt-nettwali s wudem agrawal anida timussniwin d tigawin ad ttwabḍunt ger yal amdan, yal agraw, akken yebgu yili wadeg-ines di tmetti.
Tabadut-nneg i tsensegmit tewwi-d aẓar seg ttawilat i yetteawanen azuzer n tmussniwin d tigawin, s wudem n lemeawna d umbaddal. S wudem-agi, ad negzu tanḍa s lweqt, almend n ttawilat i d -tefka tsensegmit. Tanḍa ilaq ad tettuḥsab d ayen yelhan deg walmud n yal agerman neg tagermant.
Akken dagen tasensegmit ilaq ad tessiweḍ leewayed d wansayen d tmussniwin yemxallafen yellan deg yigrawen idelsanen, imettiyen. Ayen akka d-nenna yeena dagen igerfan n at wakal, ur ilaq ara ad yettwaḥbes ger yinagmayen, ger yiselmaden, ger yimdanen yesean azref deg unadi deg yisatalen-agi. Anerni d tegzi n temsalt n tanḍa n ugama, n tdamsa, n tesnilest, ilaq ad yeenu akk wid ara d-yegren igallen-nsen. Ad d-nessumer isafaren-agi i useḥbiber gef tanḍa tadelsant tagamant :
- Tanḍa (tagamant, tadelsant, tasnalsit) ilaq ad tili deg wahilen n walmud akken ad nessehbiber fell-as s yiferdisen-is akk am tassnalsa, tafellaḥt, tusnazdugt, tizrawin n ugama d tussniwin timettiyin.
- Awelleh ger useḥbiber gef tanḍa tadelsant ilaq ad yeenu imezyanen, imdanen imeqranen, akk igrawen imettiyen, s tarrayin n uselmed iwatan, yeddan d tilawt d wasriyen n yal timetti
- Ilaq dagen ad nheggi ahilen imaynuten d walmuden ara yeddun s tarrayin yemxallafen, allalen, ikaramen d yigburen.
- Ilaq dagen ad nesmenyif tarrayin n uselmed timlellayin : tirmitin n uttekki tigensanin, s umbaddal n yimuras, tinemselin, s wuraren, s titiknulujiyin ara idumen, tarrayin-agi ad ttwaqedcent s wudem ara iḥerzen agama.
- Deg wayen yeenan aselmed, igerbazen ilaq ad begnen tanḍa tadelsant tagamant tadigant. Ilaq mkul ma tettufk tegnit, ad nesselmed berra n yigerbazen, aya ad ieiwen tirmitin n uselmed n tanḍa tadelsant tagamant ad yili d tilawt.
- Ilaq Ieeggalen iberraniyen ad ttekkin deg uheggi n wahilen, tifelsafiyin d tilawt n walmuden d useelem.
- Mifatint ayen nettwali yetteawan-ag akken ad nbeddel, ad nesseddu tikta gef tanḍa tadelsant tagamant. Ilaq ad yili usebges i tikta d tmiḍranit d tawilat itiknulujiyen ara inejren abrid i tezrawin.
- Ilaq tasensegmit ad tesebges, ad teiwen tikti n tanḍa am akken tikti yelhan ilaq ad tt-nesseddu, ad tt-nḥudd u ad nesseḥbiser fell-as.
- Tasensegmit anamek-is d almad n beṭṭu n tigawt d useḥbiber gef ugama d tanḍa d wassag gar-asen, akken ad nezrew timugliwin i neea gef umaḍal d tmettiyin.
- tasleḍt d usteqsi laqen i ulmad d usiweḍ n tussna s ttawilat yemxallafen : izamulen, timugliwin…
- Tikti tayeḍ yesean azal-is, d tazrawt n tmiḍranin akken ad negzu assag gar tmettiyin d tewennaṭ-nsen.


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Lmuɣrib yeggur ad ibelleɛ fruntira n Mritc. Ammu ig yenna usit n Hespress. Asit-a yenna belli Ispunya ttuɣa ttrajan Lmuɣrib ad yerḍeb, alaḥsab mayen ittekken x usxinctar ameɣrabi d lweqt d aeeffan. Maca awzir n dixel ameɣrabi, Eebdel Wafi Leftit yeṭṭef deg wawal-nnes.
Leftit yenna belli iggur ad ɛewwḍen lwacunat ig ixeddmen di ttrabandu. Imeɣrabiyen qqaren: « aqqa ttrabandu wer ittḍerri ca ɣir asxinctar ameɣrabi waha, maca ixebbec ura d fuṭu n temɣart ig ixeddmen deg yiger n ttrabandu« . Araḥar ca n 3500 n temɣart ig ixeddmen deg yiger-a d 200 n uḥenjir d amezzyan.
Abelleɛ-a n Fruntira, amec qqaren aṭṭas n yiwdan, yeggur ad zzag-s nḍarren aṭṭas n lwacunat i dag-s ixeddmen. Ad idwel s mayen illan d aeeffan x Arrif. Mamec asxinctar n Ayt Nṣar d Nnaḍur ad yecc ticti d tameqqrant.