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Leonardo Fibonacci
D amussnak (mathématicien) aṭelyani, Leonardo Fibonacci, neɣ Leonardo Pisano (Leonardo n Pise), ilul di temdint n Pise tamdint n tnezzut (commerce). Mi yewweḍ 20 iseggwasen di ticett-is iḍfer baba-s ɣer tafriqt ugafa (ar Bgayet) din i iɣra anagraw n usmiden ihendiyen d usmiden inselmanen. Mi d-yuɣal ɣer Turuft (Europe), deg useggwas 1202, issuffeɣ-d adlis Liber abaci, deg-s i d-immal asmiden anselman d wulac (0).
Fibonacci yura ɣef tiẓri n yemḍanen d tnezzeggit (géométrie), ittwassen daɣen s umazrar (suite) n « tlalit n iwtal » :
U1=0 ; U2=0 ; Un=Un-1 + Un-2 n>2 (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ...).
Amazrar-agi isnulfa t-id asmi is d-sutren kra n imɣiden ɣef tnerni n iwtal-nsen. Ran ad walin acḥal n iwtal ar a d-yeǧ myal awtul illan ɣur-sen. Dɣa netta, imi i issen i tusnakt tikli issal-id amazrar yeṭfen ism-is ar ass-a : amazrar n Fibonacci.
Iɣbula[beddel]
- Ḥend Sadi Tusnakt s wurar - Mathématiques récréatives, Asalu & ACB, 1990


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Muḥemmed Cafiq
Muḥemmed Cafiq d yiwen umyaru, d amnadi, d azamul n tmaziɣt di tmurt n Maruk. Illa d anemhal usinag ageldan n yedles amaziɣ (IRCAM) alama d 2002. Waki d amagrad af tuddert-is id ittwaksen seg wesmel : www.amadalamazigh.com
Illul Muhammad Cafiq ass n 17 ɣ wayyur n Cutanbir ɣ useggwas n 1926 ɣ tmazirt n Ayt Sadden, illan ɣ tseggiwin n Fas. Mad yad iɣwêra ɣ temdint n Azêru, ɣ tinmel nnes ittussan s Lkulij n Uzêru, idêfr tiɣêri ayelliɣ yumêz turagt ɣ umezruy d udiplum yâden ɣ tussna n usegmi. Mayad ad as irzêmen iɣarasen ad yeg yan ɣ imasayen n tsertit n usegmi ɣ Merruk. Zeɣ lliɣ teffaɣ Fransa, ikka kigan d twuriwin ɣ iger n usigmi : zeɣ lliɣ ten ikka ar itekka f tɣêri izwaren ɣ kigan n tmedinin n Merrok, ar amezza n umaru n tneɣlaft n usselmed ɣ tezwuri n iseggwasen 1970, ar anedad n Tinmel tageldant. Mekli daɣ isseɣwera taàrabt, tafransist, amezruy, tussna n usegmi. Iggi n uya, yega Muhammad Cafiq ameslay ɣ Tkadimit n Tgeldit n Merrok. Tigariwin ad, yega t ugellid d unebdad n Ircam ittuskaren tigariwin ɣ Rbât.
Muhammad Cafiq yega ɣ imezwura lli ifrken s udem imennawen n tmagit tadelsant n Merruk. Zeɣ tizwuri n iseggwasen 60 ɣ tasut ad izrin, ad immaɣ af d ittuyassan s udem ad izzemzêlin Merrok nger timizar yâden. Kigan d tɣarasin as immaɣ ad is imel i inamuren mas d ur iqqan ad ttun tizrigin llif ttuska tmagit n Merrok, sellawent akw uggug amaziɣ. Mkan af yara ɣ tseɣunt n Afaq yan mennaw imagraden f wammak idran n umarg n tammaɣt f tmazirt lli nnan imaziɣen iseggwasen llid tekcem Fransa. Maca yan ur t yiwi ɣ uzemz an ɣ zun d awal ad. Mdden urta d ffuɣen ɣ tnaniwin llis izdâ umussu anamur asiwel nnes. Tamaziɣt tega agdal s ur isnem yan. Mkan af daɣ iswangem ad yasi imis n Lislam imennawen, lislam ur iqqen f ixef nnes. Asɣan ad ismanen imerrukiyen, yiɣi ad ibedd mnid n usiwel issimɣuren s yan udem issiwiden uggug aàrab neɣ akw azûr aàrab, illulen ɣ imula n umussu anasiriy ɣ Miser, d Lbaàt ɣ Surya d Làiraq. Mqqar d uyan, imerrukiyen sul qqent wallen nnesen f tuggt n uggugen llif ttuska tɣesa nnesen.
ɣ yan uzemz lliɣ isat usiwel n izerfan ufgan ar d ikcem tamazirt, saten mdden ar sawalen f izerf n twisi ɣ tudert tasertant, ɣ tudert tadelsant, ssaten imaziɣen ar sawalen awd nettni s izerf nnesen ɣ wawal, s izerf nnesen ɣ iɣerm. ɣin aɣ d tugga twuri izgan n Muhammad Cafiq af ad yawes ɣ tnekra n wawal d idels amaziɣ. Mad yad yara yan udlis iggezzulen f umezruy imaziɣen, adlis izdâren ad issimmim i imaziɣen awal n umezruy isreg asen ad daɣ ccen ifrawen ɣ tasɣart n wawal illan ɣ Dren, issufeɣ d amawal taàrabt tamaziɣt, d yan udlis ɣef tejrrumt tamaziɣt, yawes d yat trabut n imaziɣen ɣ usufeɣ n tseɣunt Tifawt ifkan atig igguten i tirra s tmaziɣt.
Ameskan amaziɣ ad yegan yan ɣ idêrisen igguran yara Muhammad Cafiq. Ira gis, ɣ tferka n ayelli mu ttinin asmutti adimukratiy, ad yesmun imaziɣen af ad inin amnad nnesen ɣ tizi yad n tudert tsertant n Merok.

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Ddabex uḍar
Ddabex uḍar s tfinaY ⴷⴷⴰⴱⴻⵅ ⵓⴹⴰⵔ naY Football (futbol), Soccer di Marikan ugafa d yiwen waddal tturaren-t snat trebbuea n 11 imyuraren deg annar. Iswi n yal tarbaet, d asekcem n ddabex imdewweṛ Yer ucebbak n temḥaddit nniḍen kter is u mebla aseqdec n ifassen.
Ittwasengel sYur legliz (igliziyen) di tagara n timiḍi tis XIX. Asegwas n 1904, ddabex uḍar yuYal yesea Amqun agraYlan FIFA, asegwas n 2006, llan azal n 264 imelyunen n yemyurar n ddabex uḍar deg umḍal, yarna yella d-addal amezwaru deg aṭas n tmura. Di kra imenẓawen am tafriqt, turuft d tamrikt unẓul ddabex uḍar iYmer addalen nniḍen acku urar-is d ushil, ur yesseqdac ara aṭas n ttawilat.
Llan-t snat n tewsatin n tirmitin di tfada: tidak n iswuten d tidak n trebbuea tiYelnawin. Taqbuct n ddunit d tirmit tagraYlant yesean azal ameqṛan nezzah. Tettilid yal 4 isegwasen seg 1930.
Amezruy[beddel]
Uraren n ddabex s uḍar llant si zman aqbur (Taglest). D uraren kan illan maci d-addal. Igrigiyen llan snen aṭas n wuraren n ddabex uḍar: aporrhaxis d phéninde di Athènes d épiscyre di Sparte. Γer Iṛumyen daYen kifkif, llan tturaren pila paganica, pila trigonalis, follis d harpastum. Icinwaten daYen tturaren ssenf n ddabex uḍar i wumi qqaren Kuju. Iḍrisen icinwaten imezwura iḥekkun Yef urar agi llan-d di timiḍi tis kraḍ uqbel sidna Eisa. Di tagara n timiḍi tis XV, Kalčiu Florentin yellad di Ṭelyan, d netta


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Amagrad-agi isenned ɣef udlis yura Tahar Useddiq ɣef Umerri. D wagi kan i d adlis i yufiɣ ɣef Umerri wanag kra imagraden ittwarun fell-as kkan-d akw seg udlis-agi n Useddiq. Awidu-kan imi id-iqqim udlis-agi acku Umerri yuklal ugar n yiwen udlis u yuklal diɣen ugar n ubdar deg awal imi t-id-nettader di tallit-a nneɣ. Ur t-nettu ara xas akka nhemmel-it.
D tidett urjjin ttun-t medden di tmurt n Iqbaylyen. Ewwin-t medden deg sefra, di tezlatin u izga ɣef yimi di kra n temnaḍin n tmurt. Maca anadi ɣef tudart d umennuɣ n Umerri atan d ilem ar ass-a n wussan. As-tenniḍ ulac ɣur-neɣ kra imusnawen umezruy d inmezrayen izemren ad nadin amek idder, amek innuɣ, amek ittwaḥbes, amek i yerwel si taẓult, amek innuɣ ttrad amḍlan wis-sin, amek i t-nɣan, ayen i t-iznez umeddakul-is, atg. Ladɣa tadyant-agi n uznaz d ubexxes ilaq ad as-nekker akken i wulem imi ula di tallit n Yugurten, Buxus ifka afus deg ugellid nneɣ amuqran almi d-yufa iman-is ittexnunus di Tallianum.
Ad iniɣ nestehza. Nestehza macci drus acku Umerri di tallit-a nneɣ i idder. Nɣan-t deg Ieezzuzen di tegrest n 1947. Imiren dɣa taɣmist tafransist (Écho d’Alger, Le Journal d’Alger) tura macci d kra fell-as xas akken ṭaqa n wayen tura d tiyita deg-s d useknu deg uzal-is. Yerna ahat ar ass-a n wussan ad ilin mazal dren wid i t-isnen s timad-is, wid i t-imlalen imi netta ikka-d akw i tmurt n Iqbaylien.
Tura imi ulac kra ittwarun Yef Umerri s teqbaylit nniY-as ahat d ayen ilhan, ma uriY kra n wawalen fell-as xas d ayen kan, am akken i t-id nniY iwessawen, id-ittwaksen deg udlis Umerri n Tahar Useddiq. Amagrad-agi ad ibḍu Yef kuz (4) yeḥricen.
Aḥric amenzu
Temẓi-s
Illul Umerri di taddart At Jjimae n temnaḍt n At Buaddu deg Iwaḍiyen. Ur ufiɣ ara anwa assegwass i deg illul maca imi deg udlis n Useddiq inna-d d akken ikcem ar laeeskar gar ussegwass n 1937 d 1939 imi yufad-t-id ttrad amaḍlan wis-sin d aserdas di tnezruft. Imiren ɣur-es 20 issegwassen, nezmer ad nenni ihi d akken illul-d gar ussegwass n 1917 d 1919.
Ass-mi illa d aqrur, itturar akw d tezyiwin-is di taddart uraren-nni n warrac n zik: tuqemca tufra, timqarqart, tiqqar, tebbib, atg. Yiwen wass, iṭṭef abrid iteddu s axxam, imlal-d ultma-s tettru, acebbub irwi war timeḥremt u isteqsa-tt: dacu i kem yuɣen? terra yas: d Aḥsen at I*... iyi-ewwten. Umerri xas d aqrur, xas akken meẓẓi u rqiq ɣef Aḥsen, ibarrez fell-as u ifka-yas tiyita s uqerruy isexnunes-it di tmurt. Limer ur as-tekkisen ara gar ifassen-is yelli atan ikkes-as ṛṛuḥ.
Tewweḍ ihi taluft ar tejmaet, baba-s n Aḥsen iggul ar d-yerr ttar ittwaksen ɣef mmi-s. Baba-s Umerri diɣen iggul kif-kif imi inna yasen di tejmaet ‘ihi ay tadart taluft tewweḍ ar tmegwḥal’. Maca imɣaren n taddart urzen-ten u rrant-ten-id s abrid dɣa teqqim kan akken taluft. D akud d tatut i tt-ifran.
Maca xas ur meqqwert ara taluft-a gar twaculin n Ḥmed d tin n Aḥsen, tejja-yas-d i Ḥmed terzeg deg imi. Ahat imiren i igza d akken taɣdemt d tayett u win ur nesei tayett ad tt-yecc d taṣemmaḍt.
Baba-s Umerri d amɣid ixedmen tamurt am netta am medden di tallit-nni. Seg-mi id-illa umennuɣ-agi d Aḥsen, iteddu akw d baba-s ar llexla u ixeddem yid-s. Issassay-ed s axxam am argaz.
Amek iteddu kan iman-is
Xas akken ihi ṭaqa n wakud-is iseedday-it di tferka ar yidis n baba-s, mi yufa kan cwiṭ n wakud i yiman-is ad inser ar teẓgi ad iḥewwes neɣ ad icali. Ad yekk akw ibardan d wezzu, isafen d ixarban n taddart acku iḥemmel ad eqqim iman-is. Ittaf iman-is mi ara yelli iman-is kan deg umadaɣ. Itxemmim aṭas. Aṭas n wid t-iẓran afus ɣef lḥenk icexc deg ilem. Mi ara yilli ihi iman-is, allaɣ-is itezzi am tẓarbuḍt.
Win igan lmendad ɣef wamek illa di temẓi-s ad yaf ur imgarad ara ɣef wamek illa di temɣer. Izga di teẓgi u azday d waṭas n medden ur as essin tikli! Agwlaf ur as-yufi anamek!
Ittemɣur:
Idda ussegwass ɣef wayeḍ, imed aṭas Umerri. Tazmert am ulɣwem. Ccurent tuyat-is, nnernan ifassen d iɣalen-is, tebda-t-id tamart u taɣwect-is tuɣal tesharhur cwiṭ, zuret. Mi i t-iwala akken baba-s, inna yas yiwen wass mi itetten imensi:
- A mmi! Bɣiɣ ad iyi tsaefeḍ ar ssuq n Buɣni.
Yemma-s diɣen teddem awal u tenna-s
- Yak a mmi tura kecc mmeqwreḍ u ula d nek bɣiɣ a k-id walin medden yerna ilaq ad txedmeḍ axxam tura!
Umerri irra kan awal i baba-s:
- Ur illi ayen ara dduɣ yid-k ar ssuq! Ur ccukeɣ ara illa kra i zemraɣ a t-xedmaɣ din di temdint! Maca tura akken i k-ihwa a baba! Atan ihi ad dduɣ yid-k azekka.
- Atan ilha a mmi! Maca ur qqar ara ur yelli dacu ara texdmeḍ di temdint! Ilaq ad tessineḍ amek teddunt temsal di ssuq. Ad tlemdeḍ amek znuzun d wamek ttaɣen medden. Ad twaliḍ diɣen amek dren medden di temdint. Xarttum macci d yiwet i ɣef a t-fajj tiṭ-ik!
Azekka-nni di tafrara zrin ar ssuq n Buɣni. Dinna, ifka yas baba-s cwiṭ umesṛuf u msefhamen anda ara mlilen tameddit mi ara yefru ssuq. Umeri iddem abrid-is iteddu, ittemdeggar d imsewqen. Kan akka izga yas-d yiwen uterras anect-ilat deg ubrid u irra ad ittueeddi fell-as. Maca Umerri ur asent-ittanef ara i tigi. Iwessee ifka-yas tiyita ar ibeṛdi. Ixmemmi din di tmurt uterras-nni amcum. Dɣa Umerri inser irwel ad iffer. Kra iḥedren din ssexcen ad feṛzen anwa-t akka uqcic-agi iṣṣemken aterras s yiwet n tyita? Yerna aterras-nni ittwasen di ssuq n Buɣni u ttagwaden-t medden. Di tallit-nni qqaren medden fella-s isea lhiba. Di taddart-is ttargigin medden mi ara t-walin.
Syin ikcem Umerri ar lqahwa, iswa ttay. Iṭṭef abrid-is ar yiwet n tḥanutt yuɣed laḥlawat d tẓidanin i watmaten-is (ɣur-es yiwen gma-s d yiwet n ultma-s) u idda ittrajju baba-s. Tameddit, mi-id-uɣalen, ur t-id yuli wawal ɣef umennuɣ-a di ṛṛehba n ssuq. D baba-s, ar imesni, id-immuchen i at wexxam ayen iwala di ssuq. Ḥmed irra iman-is am akken ur ḍrint: ur iḥdir ur iwala. Icca am netta am at wexxam bu-zelluf, imi akka igan wansayen n tmurt: ass amenzu ara yekcem uqcic ar ssuq, nefqen-d at wexxam u ttaɣen-d aqerruy n uzgar. Am akken ttagan-as tameɣra i win yuɣalen d amuqwran, d argaz!
Ḥmed diɣen-netta issusem kan. Ibḍa tiẓidanin I watmaten-s akken ur sseqḍen ara, yuli ar taɛrict izzer di tnafa.
Mi d-irfed baba-s awal ɣef umcciqlel-nni di ssuq, Ḥmed ikukra awal ɣef temsalt-a acku yugad imahat iwalla-t-id baba-s. Akken ad ikkes ccek d usurdu isteqsa baba-s:
- Twallaḍ-t ihi uqcic-agi a baba?
- Ur tris tiṭ-iw fell-as. Maca nnan di ssuq akken tazmert-is am ulɣwem, tuyat hraw-it, netta d awezlan cwiṭ. Diɣen d umsibrik n wudem, ahat iceggeḍ-as yiṭij tagwlimt.
Tura imi aglam neɣ udem d-ifka bab n Umerri ɣef uqcic-a tezga-yas-d i Ḥmed am tcacit, wisen ahat baba-s iẓra d mmi-s i d lefḥl xas ur t-id-inni ara. Ma d at taddart ttawin akw aqcic-a deg awal war ma ḥsan d mmi-s n taddart nsen.
Timlilit d Muḥand Areẓqi n PPA
Idda akken cwiṭ n wakud, Ḥmed izga iman-is kan. Ur iteddu d yiwen, ur isḍuqqut awal d yiwen. Ayen ilaq-en kan ayen nniḍen akw d ashetref. Izga di teẓgi d waylaten nsen di taddart.
Ihi ieya cwiṭ deg iman-is dɣa yiwen yiḍ inna i imawlan-is d akken ad iruḥ ar tamdint ad inadi amahil as d-iskecmen cwiṭ usurdi. Imawlan-is ddan-as kan di lebɣi. Azekka-nni di tefrara, ezzi abernus ɣef tuyat-is, icca-tt-id di Buɣni. Simi issers iḍaren-is di temdint yuzel ar lqahwa ad issu ttay. Issexc akw di medden acku iḥsa d akken wid izedɣen di temdint mgaraden cwiṭ ɣef wid id-yusan seg udrar. Imesdurar di temdint ttkukrun ula d tili nsen. Maca di tilawt iḥsa kif-kif-iten akw.
Ites ihi ttay itmuqul di medden, dɣa immeslay i yiwen uqcic iqqimen iman-is diɣen ar tama-s:
- Ak-selkaɣ lqahwa ay ameddakul? Aqcic-nni irra-yas-d awal:
- Ur ttagwiɣ ara ay ameddakul!
Dɣa mmeslayen akken cwiṭ anwa-k, ansi dd-kkiḍ, ansi d-usiḍ, almi d ewḍen ar taluft umahil. Inna yas Umerri aqli ara ttnadiɣ aɣrum-iw dagi. Aqcic-nni, Muḥand Areẓqi, irra yas: “ak awiɣ ad txedmeɣ ar xali di lkuca maca ɣur-ek dagi medden ssexdamen iẓawaliyen war ma fkan asen ayen id-ḥella tidi nsen. Illa zzur d lbaṭel”. Muḥand Areẓqi d aneɣmas n PPA (Akabar n Ugdud Azzayri n Messali Lḥajj) u tektiwin n tegrawla rrekemnt di tmelɣiɣt-is am ibawen di teccuyt.
Fɣen ihi si lqehwa, uɣen abrid ar lkuca n Dda Eacur. Deg ubrid, awal ɣef medden d iqqeddacen iṛumyen izga ɣef yimi n Muḥand Areẓqi. Immel-yas-d akw amek ttwasknan yergazen di BuYni, amek ttwaṛzan kra n wid d-yuli wawal Yef war-tiYdemt d miḥyaf.
Ixdem akken ihi Umerri kra n wussan ar Dda Eacur di BuYni, ar xali-s n Muḥand Areẓqi, u yiwen wass ikker yurag ar Umecras ad icali cwiṭ. Lqahwa tamezwarut i iwala ikcem Yur-es. Yufa din Muḥand Areẓqi isekkef ttay. Swan akken-nni yiwet n tYellayt, qeṣren cwiṭ. Muḥand Areẓqi imiren yuki d nnda mi tekkat u awal asertan izga deg imi-s. Ikkat di Lqayed d Ccambiṭ d wid akw itetten deg fus uṛumi d wid ieefsen aẓawali d ugellil. Xas akken, Umerri ur icekcem ara aYbwel i temsal-a, iYil d tiqwulhatin n wid izedYen di temdint. D tawat kan d wayen txeddem wanag win illuẓen ilha kan d uYrum-is. Yerna kra d-inna Muḥand Areẓqi inna-yas-t-id yagi di BuYni ass-mi mlalen tikkelt tamenzut. Umerri itett-it kan s wallen ittecmumux. Inna deg ul-is : aqcic-a yuY-itent! Yerna am tfunast ittara di llifeẓ!
IffeY-d ihi si lqahwa-nni u imlal-d Ccambiṭ bu ueekkwaz Yef umnar n tewwurt. Ccambiṭ, abernus azegzaw ittejgugul Yef uzagur-is d ukras n unyir, ittwassen deg Umecras d yir sekka imi iḥeqqer medden u izga isrusuy d tirect kra n win ur nezmir ad yerr tiyita. Irna medden s tmerna n tfunast akken qqaren at zik. Ula d tineggura yagi akken ad issusem uqcic iccebwlen imawlan-is qqaren-as: "ssusem ad t-aya Ccambiṭ!" DYa aqcic ad ikmumes di tesga ad irked. YuYal ihi Ccambiṭ d aberaerue neY ugar: d amaemuc!
ImmeY Ccambiṭ ihi iṣṣemek Umerri s ueekkwaz. Umerri inkaḥ amzun d aqjun ittewten, imzaraz. Ikker, izdi lqed-is u ifka yas tiyita ar tgeẓẓal d tayeḍ ar umayeg u Ccambiṭ icca-tt-id deg ubaluz ittnazae. Itti iman-is am llufan. Ixnunes. IYli wanza-s Yef umnar!
Umerri irwel, yuzel u yuYal ar BuYni s tufra. D yiwen b-ukamyun i t-iselken imi Yef tiṭ-is kra d-iḍran gar-as d CCambiṭ. Mi ewweḍ ar BuYni, xas akken izwar-it wawal n wayen d-iḍran deg Umecras yuzel ar lkuca ad iddem lqec-is. Ur inni awal i Dda Eacur xas akken wagi isla, iẓra ayen iḍran. Yerna bu-lkuca, udem ur as fkin ara, ur isetḥa ur iwwura: simi tefka tewwurt Umerri issaweḍ awal i yemsulṭa. Akka i d tagmatt n wid isuzuren udem!
IffeY si lkuca, iṭṭef rif-rif n ubrid almi d ijufar d BuYni. Tiṭ-is Yef ubrid ukarrus ittmuqul ma illa win ara t-yawin ar Tizi. Akken kan ihi atan iteddu-d yiwen ukamyun, izwer-as ar ubrid Umerri ittwehi-yas ad iḥbess s sin iffasen. Iḥbes ukamyun, msefhamen Yef ssuma akken ad iddu yid-s ar Tizi u irkeb ar deffir.Umerri inna-yas nek d Saeid, Saeid Waemer. Bab-ukamyun irra yas “ atan a Saeid ma illa win iY-d iḥebsen kecc d axeddam-iw”. Akken dYa id-teḍra, ar tewwurt n Tizi Uzzu, ttwaḥebsen, Umerri d axeddam n bu-kamyun u iseedda taswiet akken. Ula d netta s timad-is, mi-d fYen cwiṭ i BuYni, is-teqsa-t-id yiwen seg ijjadarmiyen i wumi ssaweḍ Dda Eacur awal, ma iwala neY essen Ḥmed Umerri. Umerri irra iman-is eit-eit.
D Saeid Waemer di Tizi Wezzu
Di Tizi wezzu, imi mazal ttnadin fell-as yemsulṭa iṛumyen d iYallen nsen gar Iqbayliyen, ijja kan isem-nni n Saeid Waemer akken ad ifer yis. Yufa-d amahil ar yiwen Uṛumi mi ssawalen Jean. Jean isedday di Tizi yiwet n taṛmist n uxnac u isexdem Umerri akken as tt-itteasa. D amahil fessusen i umesdrar.
Umerri am zik-is kan. Ur sḍuqqut awal, ur isei imeddukal. Ula d ucci d wid itefYen is-t-id-ittawin si berra. Ula d Arrumi-nni akeswaḥ isker-s aYwbel u isteqsa-t yiwen wass:
- A Ssaeid, carhaY s uxeddim-ik. Xas macci aṭas i tettaxeḍ dagi Yur-i maca s iYallen-ik d tidi-k i ten-id-ssasayeḍ. Maca tella yiwet ur iyi-t-kcim ara s aqerruy. Amek alami ur tettefYeḍ ur tettmeslayeḍ aṭas d yiwen ur teseiḍ kra n imeddukal?
- Qqim kan a mass Jean, iweṣṣa-yi baba Yef tikli d udukkel d medden. Inna-yi win ibYan ad yecc aYrum-is di talwit, ad iṭṭixer i medden d tkerkas nsen. Yerna nek d mmis n udrar u tkli teddun medden di temdint ur teffiY fell-i.
- Baba-k d amusnaw. Atan ihi imi d yagi kan am akken ur ḍrint!
Ihi Jean ayen wallant wallen-is d ayen illan. Acku "Saeid Waemer" macci kan iweṣṣat baba-s, tweṣṣat ula d tudart d wayen iwala yagi. Ur as-tefki ara tegwnitt ad iffeY. Yugad ad t-kkarcen u ad t-hawṣen ar taẓult.
Nneflen kra n wussan Yef wiyaḍ, izri kra n wakud d Ḥmed illa di teglimt n "Ssaeid Waemer". Ixxeddem u ilha kan d yiman-ines. Irked kan iffer.
Yiwen wass ibed Yef umnar n lluzin isla i yisem-is sanwi is-d-issawlen: wa! Ḥmed! Waaa! Ḥmmed Umerri!. Ifrawes anwa i t-isnen s yisem-is n tidett. IYil sanwi i t-id ieeqlen. Irfed allen-is iwala Mḥend, eemmi-s. Iwehha yas yusa-d Yur-es u iḥka yas akw ayen illan. Eemmi-s agi ewwi-yas-d akw issalen n uxxam nsen d wid n taddart. Inna-yas-d yiwen yiwen amek llan at taddart u issaweḍ-as-d diYen awal d akken sawlen-as-d Yer leesker. D ijjadarmiyen is-ewwin lekwaYed s axxam. Inna-yas d akken ilaq ad iruḥ Umerri ar ijjadarmiyen akken ad t-awin ar "Maison-Carrée", Lḥerrac n wass-a.
Azekka-nni ifka yas taḥawact issurdiyen Umerri i eemmi-s iweṣṣat a tt-ifek i baba-s yerna ad as yenni "aqli-yin ussan-a s axxam". Isseda-yas awal akken ur iqqar i medden taluft n Saeid Waemer is-d-iḥka iḍelli-nni akken ur skaren ara aYwbel deg uxxam yerna ur ilaq ara ad tettawin medden d awal s yir iles.
* ur d-inni ara Useddiq anta i d tawacult n I...
.../..


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Tasertit
Tasertit iswi-s d tuddsa d useggem n imadanen, d wayen yeɛnan iweẓla n taɣiwant. Dɣa isya dɣa id yeka wawal 'Politic', imi azar-is d awal agriki polis ibɣan ad yini taɣiwant, neɣ la siti (cité).
Anamek n tasertit deg akud atrar d aseggem udabu s daxel n addad. S umatu, tasertit d tiskiwet d w'amek leḥun lecɣal n wegraw n yimdanen di tmetti, neɣ n wegdud.
Yal amdan ur nettmuqul ara kan iman-is, neqqar ixedem tasertit. Yal argaz, neɣ tameṭṭut i yettekan deg umusu n tasertit di tmurt n wezref, ilaq ad izrekket (ad iqadar) imenzay n tanaya n weɣref d tugdut.
Anamek wayeḍ n wawal n tasertit daɣen i ttak ar umenɣi ɣef udabu ger irgazen d tulawin i gellan deg udabu amiran (n tura), d wid i gellan deg ikabaren imnagwa.
Gret Tamawt[beddel]
Waki d amuɣ kan amezwaru, yal win isɛan akud, ad ikemel amuɣ aki n isertiyen izwawen i waken aten id adden aken ma llan.


text:
Tafinit
Tafinit (isem anesli : Suomi) neɣ Tafinlandit, tasuwumit d tutlayt i meslayen deg Finland(4.800.000), agafagmuḍ n Sswid, agafataram n Rrus, Agafa n Nurwij, Agafa n Isṭunya. D tutlayt tunṣibt ak iles niḍen n Finland.
Tettwaḥsab d tadersi tagherfant: Agafagmuḍ n Sswid, Agafataram n Rusya.
Comentaris Infinlanden, qqimen aṭas qqnen a Sswid d tsekla tugmiḍt. Taswidit, tutlayt n waṭas imsuggen i yezedɣen deg iftisen ifinlandiyen, tuɣal d tutlayt tameqqrant n Finland. Maca, tafinit ur twattu akk, di lqern wis 15, llan kra i yettarun-t, yerna adlis amezwaru i iqqimen yura s tutlayt-a nettat n tizi n lqern wis 16, asmi tebda tkennawt
Iles asmagnu itwasexdmen zi lweqt-nni, immers x wawalen anz'ulagmud'an. Di lqern 17 d lqern 18, taswidit tuɣal d tutlayt tunṣibt, n tsekla d tɣuri tameqrant. Mi tekcem Rrus f Finland di 1809, ibeddel lḥal. Tafinit, illan d awal n uzgen ameqran n medden, tebda th'ewwas igran usexdem deg ill n lqern wis 19. Di lweqt d yiwet, ak taneflilt n tseklant tafinit, s tmessna n wensay n wegmuḍ n uwanek, tebda imessel tutlayt tasmagnut, illan d tamunt (compromís) gar awalen inẓuligmuḍan d win utrimen.
Deg tfinit, iles irewsen di testunit, nettaf sin n waggayen n wawalen.


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Averroès
Averroès, d isem alatini n Abul-Walid Muḥemmed ibn Rucd, n 'Cordoue', neɣ Abu lwalid Muḥemmed ibn Aḥmed ibn Muḥemmed ibn Aḥmed ibn Aḥmed ibn Rucd, s taɛrabt ( أبو الوليد محمد بن احمد بن محمد بن احمد بن احمد بن رشد ). D amusnaw n Ajjed, n izerfan, n tusnakt, d afilusuf, d amejjay, di tidmi XII.
Averroès ilul di 1126 di Kurdu di tmurt n Spenyul, imut di 10 dujenbir 1198 di Merrakec, tamurt n Merruk.
Tiktiwin ines af ayen yura ufilusuf agriki 'Aristut', ttuseqlent ar tlatinit deg 1230. Isemlal tafilusufit taristukratit akw tneslemt. D netta iskecmen idles agriki d weɛrab ar umaḍal umalu.
Amseḍru isura amaṣri Yusef Cahin ixdem asaru fell-as deg 1997, isem-is 'Le destin'.
Tamselyut[beddel]
- Wikipedia s tefransist


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Tudayt
Tudayt d ajjed amezwaru ideg ttamnen medden belli yella yiwen yakuc (Rebbi) kan.
Isem yakuc-nsen s tɛebrit d יהוה, maca udayen ur nezmir ara ad neṭqen isem-agi, axaṭer ɣur-sen ḥram. Inin nitni אדני adonay ('seigneur-iw') deg prière d השם Hacem ('Isem' s tmaziɣt) deg wawal.
Yakuc g tudayt yesɛa lemluk i t-ttɛawanen, yuzen rrusel ɣur medden akken ad ttamnen yis-es. Yahvé yextar agdud : agdud n israyil akken ad necren awal-is.
Udayen ttganin lmasiḥ, iwumi a ten-yeslek u ad yexleq tamurt n Israyil tamqqrant: Erezt Israyil, lmasiḥ-agi ɣur-s tazmert n wessidir wid yemmuten. Udayen ur ttamnen ara belli Ɛisa d lmasiḥ axaṭer ur yezmir ad yexdem ayen yettwura deg wedlis-nsen (turat), ur yexliq ara tamurt n israyil tameqqrant, ur ten-yeslik ara seg ifassen rruman, tella daɣen yiwet tamacahutt ɣef Ɛisa sɣur imasiḥiyen, mi yasen-d-yenna bell netta d lmasiḥ, udayen ṭṭfen-t u ddan yid-es ɣer tameqqbert, nnan-as : "ssidir wid yemmuten!". Udayen n tura ur qbilen ara Ɛisa d lmasiḥ axaṭer deg tmasiḥt, Ɛisa d mmi-s n Rebbi, ɣur Udayen, Rebbi ur yesɛi mmi-s.
Mazal ar tura udayen ttganin lmasiḥ. Yuɣ lḥal, udayen xelqen tamurt n Israyil mebla tallalt n lmasiḥ g 1948, kra n wudayen nnan-d bell ayagi d leḥram, yessefk ad gganin lmasiḥ.


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Ɛebdelɛaziz Butefliqa
Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa (s taɛrabt عبد العزيز بوتفليقة, s tefranṣiṣt Abd El-Aziz Bouteflika) d aselway n Dzayer, ilul ass 2 meɣres 1937 di tmurt n Merruk. Yuli d aselway tikkelt tamezwarut di 15 ybrir 1999 s lemɛiwna n iserdasen (lɛesker) n Dzayer. I wannecta imrecḥin nniḍen i sddis (6) deg-sen am Ḥusin At Aḥmed, jebdent iman-nsent di tefrant n tselwit n 1999. Di 8 yebrir 2004, tuɣal daɣen d tasellawt i tikkelt nniḍen dima s lemɛiwna n iserdasen d serbisat ibaḍniwen, s wazal n 85% n leṣwat, ɣas ulamma llan 6 imrecḥin, gar-asen Saɛid Seɛdi. Leqbayel, ɣur-sen Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa d taneqiṭ taberkant deg umezruy nsen, imi di tafsut Taberkant n 2001 yaɛmed i tmenɣiwt n wazal n 126 iqbayliyen sɣur iǧadarmiyen, ur ten icureɛ.
Baba-s n Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa, Aḥmed Butefliqa illul di Tlemsan di 1891 u yemmut ass n 1 dujenbir 1958. Illa meẓẓiy mi yunag ar tmurt n Merruk ar tɣiwant n Wejda. Aḥmed Butefliqa yuɣ-es snat tlawin: Belqayed Rabiɛa d Ɣezlawi Mansuriya, i yellan d yemma-s n Ɛebdelɛaziz Butefliqa. Tella tesɛa yiwen n Ḥemmam di Wejda.
Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa illa d amenzu ger kuẓ (4) wayetma-s sɣur yemma-s. Wigi d Ɛabdelɣani (1940), Musṭafa (1953), Laṭifa (1955), Ɛabderraḥim (1956), d Saɛid Butefliqa (1958). Lameɛna yesɛa daɣen kraḍ (3) yessetma-s sɣur baba-s, ar tmeṭṭut tis snat Belqayed Rabiɛa. Tiki d Faṭima (1934), Yamina (1938), d Ɛica (1941).
Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa yeɣra di tesnawit Abdelmumen di Wejda alama d aseggas aneggaru n 'Baccalauréat' di 1956. Isyin ikcem ar ALN di Wejda ɣas aken urǧin yerfed sslaḥ di Dzayer naɣ innuɣ mgal i franṣiyen imnekcam. Asmi ifra traḍ, tewwi-d tmurt asarug-is, Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa ikcem-d si tlisa n Merruk u yuɣal d aneɣlaf n ilmezyen d waddal deg udabu n Aḥmed Ben Bella. Asmi i yezzi udabu ar tama n Huwwari Bumedyen di 19 Yunyu 1965, yuɣal Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa d aneɣlaf n temsal n berra alama d lmut n Huwwari Bumedyen di 1978.
Isyin Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa yesɛeda azal n 20 iseggasen d iminig deg kra n tmura am Swis, Franṣa d Tageldunt n Waɛraben Iduklen anda ixdem ar ugellid-is Cix Zayed Ben Ṣulṭan Al Nahyan n imiren. Lameɛna yettruḥu yettuɣal ger timura yagi d Dzayer, la yettraju ass melmi ara d-yuɣal ar udabu. Di ɣucṭ 1990, izwej i tikkelt tamezwarut ak° d Amal Triki, yelli-s n Yaḥya Triki, i yellan yiwen u 'diplomate' aqbur di tmurt n Maṣer. Amal Triki tettidir di 'Paris', ur tesɛa ara derya akw d Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa.
Di 22 dujenbir 1981 Ɛabdelɛaziz Butefliqa iɛedda di ccreɛ af takarḍa n tedrimt, azal n 6 imelyaren n suntim, asmi yella d aneɣlaf n Huwwari Bumedyen ger 1965-1978. D aselway Cadli Benjdid i t-ismenɛen imi ur isɛda ara lḥebs. D Senusi d Bujakji i yellan xedmen yid-es i kruḥen d asfel n temsalt aki n takarḍa n tedrimt, imi d nitni i sɛeddan lḥebs di Lezzayer tamanaɣt.
Tamselyut, Iseddagen & Izdayen Iberraniyen[beddel]
- Muḥemmed Benciku, Bouteflika, une imposture algérienne, Le Matin, 2003


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Tallat:Amek ara naru amagrad yelhan?
Nngum (qbel) a nebdu tira n umagrad, yessefk(ilaq) ad nemmekti :
- Wikipedia d tasanayt (une encyclopédie), mačči d ammud n yimagraden n yijernanen neɣ n tesɣunin. Deg:
- ilaq ad aru amagrad n tsanayt, ur nezmir ara ad aru amagrad n ujernan : win ara t-yaru, ad issawal s wudem wis 3 (à la troisième personne), mačči s tmezwarut ; tadiwennit (interview) ulac, azmul (signature) ulac, atg.
- Kab.wiki mačči d tasanayt n Leqbayel : d tasanayt s teqbaylit. Wikipedia d yiwet i umaḍal akk (merra) Ayen nufa dagi, nezmer ad t-naf deg .wiki neɣ fr.wiki atg. Ur nezmir ara ad naru, d amedya : nukkni, s warrac n Tmurt... neɣ idles-nneɣ... atg. yessefk (Ilaq) ad naru Leqbayel... neɣ idles aqbayli... atg.
- Wikipedia d tilellit. Tilellit, anamek-is d "s turagt tilellit" ("à licence libre"). Deg:
- ur nezmir ara ad nelsaru (recopier) ayen nufa deg yisemlen (sites) nniḍen neɣ deg yijernanen mebla turagt. Ilaq ad naru s yiman-nneɣ aḍris i nebɣa ad nefk i Wikipedia . Ma yefka-yaɣ bab n izerfan (propriétaire des droits) turagt tilellit "GNU Free Documentation License", ilaq ad t-naru deg usebter "amyannan", mačči deg umagrad.
I wakken ad naru amagrad, ilaq ad nessen amek ara nbeddel asebter yerna amek tella tseddast ("syntaxe") n wikipedia.
Ma tebɣiḍ, tzemreḍ a tḥarbeḍ deg teɣmert n yijdi (asebter n uḥerreb).


text:
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1
Nekk Buṭrus, amceggeɛ n Ɛisa Lmasiḥ, i yeɣṛiben ițɛicin di tmurt n Galasya, n Kafadusya, n Asya, n Bitinya akk-d wid yellan di tmurt n tqenṭert.
2
Akken i t-iqsed Baba Ṛebbi, tețwaxtaṛem si tazwara s tezmert n Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen iwakken aț-țḍuɛem Ɛisa Lmasiḥ, a kkun-iṣfu s idammen-is yuzzlen. Ṛṛeḥma ț-țalwit a wen-d tețțunefkent s tugeț.
3 Ad ițțubarek Ṛebbi, Baba-s n Ssid-nneɣ Ɛisa Lmasiḥ i ɣ-d-ifkan s ṛṛeḥma-ines tudert tajḍiṭ s ḥeggu n Ssid-nneɣ Ɛisa Lmasiḥ si ger lmegtin, s wakka i nesɛa asirem ameqqran,
4 iwakken a newṛet ayen ur nrekku, ur nețțames, ur nfennu. D annect-agi i kkun-ițṛaǧun deg igenwan kunwi yumnen yis.
5 Sidi Ṛebbi ițḥadar fell-awen s tezmert-is alamma iban-ed leslak nwen di taggara.
6 D ayagi i kkun-issefṛaḥen ɣas akken tura sseḥzanent-kkun teswiɛin agi deg ilaq a d-tɛeddim seg ujeṛṛeb.
7 D uguren-agi ara d-isbeggnen lǧehd n liman-nwen i gesɛan azal akteṛ n ddheb ; ɣas akken ddheb-agi ifennu, ilaq-as ad iɛeddi di tmes iwakken ad iṣfu. Akken daɣen ula d liman-nwen ilaq ad ițțujeṛṛeb ; s wakka a wen-yili d sebba n ccan, n ucekkeṛ, akk-d tmanegt asm'ara d-yuɣal Ɛisa Lmasiḥ.
8 Tḥemmlem-t mbla ma twalam-t, tumnem yis ɣas akken ar tura ur t-teẓrim ara. Daymi lfeṛḥ-nwen d ameqqran armi ur tezmirem ara a t-id-tesfehmem s imeslayen.
9 Axaṭeṛ lfayda n liman-nwen, d leslak n teṛwiḥin-nwen.
10 Lenbiya caren-d ɣef wayen yeɛnan leslak i wen-d-ihegga Sidi Ṛebbi. Meyzen, qellben a d-afen lawan d wamek ara d-idṛu wayen i d-ixebbeṛ Ṛṛuḥ n Lmasiḥ yellan deg-sen ; axaṭer d Ṛṛuḥ-agi n Lmasiḥ i d-ixebbṛen ɣef wayen ara inneɛtab Lmasiḥ akk-d tmanegt ara d-yasen deffir leɛtab-agi.
11
12 Ițțubeggen-asen-d belli mačči i nutni, meɛna i kunwi i d-xebbṛen ayagi. D ayen i wen-d-xebbṛen tura wid ițbecciṛen lexbaṛ n lxiṛ, s tezmert n Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen i d-ițțucegɛen seg igenni. Ula d lmalayekkat bɣant ad walint annect-agi.
13 Daymi, sǧehdet leɛqel-nwen, ur ɣefflet ara, ɛasset iman-nwen, sɛut asirem iṣeḥḥan di leslak ara wen d-ițțunefken asm' ara d-yuɣal Ɛisa Lmasiḥ.
14 Ilit am arrac ițțaɣen awal, ur xeddmet ara ayen akk i txeddmem asm' akken werɛad i kkun-tekcim tmusni,
15 meɛna ilit teṣfam di tikli-nwen am akken iṣfa Sidi Ṛebbi i wen-d issawlen.
16 Imi yura : Ilit teṣfam axaṭer nekk ṣfiɣ.
17 Ma tnedhem ɣer Sidi Ṛebbi am akken d Baba-twen, sbeggnet-ed di tudert-nwen belli tḍuɛem-t s leqdeṛ ameqqran, deg wussan i wen-d iqqimen di ddunit-agi ; nețța ur nxeddem lxilaf ger yemdanen, yețḥasaben yal yiwen s wakken llan lecɣal-is.
18 Teẓram belli mačči s idrimen neɣ s ddheb neɣ s lfeṭṭa ur nețdum ara i tețwacafɛem si yir tikli i wen-d-ǧǧan lejdud-nwen,
19 meɛna s idammen ɣlayen n Lmasiḥ, i gefkan iman-is d asfel am izimer ur nesɛi lɛib, ur nesɛi ccama.
20 Ihegga-t-id Sidi Ṛebbi uqbel a d-texleq ddunit, meɛna armi d ussan-agi ineggura i t-id-isbeggen ɣef ddemma-nwen.
21 Imi yis i tesɛam liman ɣer Sidi Ṛebbi i t-id-isseḥyan si ger lmegtin, i s-ifkan tamanegt tameqqrant, iwakken lsas n usirem-nwen akk-d liman-nwen ad ilin di Sidi Ṛebbi.
22 Imi tessazdgem ulawen-nwen, teddam di tideț, akken aț-țḥemmlem seg wul atmaten-nwen, myeḥmalet ihi wway gar-awen s wul yeṣfan
23 axaṭer tɛawdem-d talalit ɣer tudert tajḍiṭ. Talalit-agi mačči seg wemdan ițmețțaten i d-tekka, meɛna seg wawal n tudert ițdumun n Sidi Ṛebbi.
24 Akken yella di tira iqedsen : Amdan am leḥcic, + ccan-is meṛṛa am ujeǧǧig n lexla,+ leḥcic ițɣaṛ, ajeǧǧig iɣelli,+
25 ma d awal n Sidi Ṛebbi+ ițdumu i dayem+ . Awal-agi, d awal n lexbaṛ n lxiṛ i wen-d-ițțubecṛen.


text:
Ecser
Ecser d yiwet n taddart n 3 252 imezdaY, i d yussan di temnaṭ n Pest, Hungri, s zdat n Budapest
Tizgin[beddel]
Ecser (tettwanṭaq Eččer) tesea daYen isem niḍen asluviki: Ečer, tesdari daYen kra n isluvikiyen. Taddart-a tezga-d deg unẓul-asamar n Budapest, s zdat n unafag agraYlan n Ferihegy. tiYiwanin i as-d-yezzin d Maglud, Večes, Gyumru akk d Ullu. Abrid ameqran n MO yettawi s zdat n taddart. Taddart tussa-d rrif n rraya n tmacint 120a (Budapest-Szulnuk-Ujszasz).
Amezruy[beddel]
lkaYeḍ amenzu i d-yuddren Ecser yettwaru ass n 15 di ğember 1315, maca taddart tella uqbel seg 896, di tisin n iHungriyen. Di yiwet n tmacahut, qqaren-d akken isem n taddart yettunefk s Ugellid ameqran n idrumen ihungriyen Arpad. Ass mi yesteqsa anwa i d isem n temnaṭ-a, anda yeḥbes i wakken ad yesteefu, imezdaY n temnaṭ-a ur tessinen ara. DadYa Arpad yenna: "Sya d assawen, ad tsemmim i temnaṭ-a s yisem n ubeluḍ (s thungrit: cser)". Taddart temmut s ddaw uzaglu n Ṭurk ieutmaniyen (1526-1686), ass-mi teYli Buda, ur yebeiden ara aṭas fell-as. ImezdaY-is imenza ur d-ussin Yer Yur-s alammi d 1699. llan 11 iserdasen (ieeskriyen) i yettekkan deg umennuY n Rakoczi Yef timmunent (1703-1711). di tazwara n isseggasen 1700, Bab n taddart, lkumt Antal Grassalkovich, yessezdeY deg-s isluvakiyen.
Ayen niḍen[beddel]
Asbad n taddart i yellan, d yiwet-nni Tmesgida takatulikit taṛumanit, yettwabnan di 1740 Yiwen n cṭeḥ afulkluri yettwasnen aṭas d win n "assuli di Ecser" (Noces à Ecser, Ecseri lakodalmas). Di imrigen n taddart ad naf tlata n tYewsiwin mucaeen: tamesgida, cṭeḥ afulkluri d ubelluḍ,


text:
Naruto
Naruto (ナルト) d yiwen u manga shōnen n Masashi Kishimoto, deg win id ifeY deg-s yiwen umestbae akfuḍ syiwen isem. Amestbae agi iţţawid tanfust n u ninja dilemẓi aken, Naruto Uzumaki, iţnadi ad iţwasen syawk meden s tuYalin da Hokage, in ibYan adyini d anezmar n tadart.
A manga ifYed itikelt tamenzut deg Japon deg nwember 1999 Yef tasḍunt Weekly Shōnen Jump n umazrag Shūeisha. Ma s tefransist telad deg 2002 sYur imazrag Kana, s ugellel n 5 isunad net ufYa tajaponit. Ufaris Studio Pierrot ed Aniplex,tamekfadhut tafda l 03 n'Tuber 2002, Yef tilizri TV Tokyo mayela deg fransa degḍed Yer Game One di 2 n yennayer 2006 daYen Ɣef NT1 di ukčum uYarbazi 2007.
A mezruy[beddel]
Ta zwara[beddel]
A mezruy n Naruto idarru deg yiwen umaḍal deg-s izri d imal anida, ghas aken fghented atas n tiknolojitin n tura, iningaten d cwit n isamurayen qimen d nutni id tinezmarin tiserdasin. Duklen deg tuddar yal yiwet s tazmart-is ghur-sen amzun timiḍi, iningaten skarayen imenɤi tikwal yeldi tikwal « semmed » gar tixarubin deg atas-aya.
Yiwen gar imrigen isexdamen deg taluft agi d aggay n tiza(9) igmusen, qaren-asen ccwaṭen s tjelhumin, ig zemren ad tswa swen s imdanen mba3d yiwet n tafugla taɣersawt iwaken ad s3un tazmert-n-sen. mraw-d-sin(12) uqbel tazwara n tamacahut, yiwen n igmusen agi, imi qaren Kyuubi, itswa tef yerna itswa zzu deg yiwen uqcic aken id-ilul kan isemman Naruto Uzumaki s ufus n Hokage wis ukuz(4) n taddart n Konoha.
Synopsis[beddel]
Tamacahut tbeddu deg tilemzi n Naruto, gher mraw-d-sin n isegesen ines. D agujil, deg mad ikker netsan d abessal d ambassi, ixedem akk tiwugha ig zmer iwaken at id-zren medden. Targit-is: adyughal Hokage aken ad st3arfen siyes imezdagh n tadart-is. Laxater, ccittan n ig twa hebsen deg-es isekred aggad d akrah n at-tadart, id, swussan ttun lfarq gar Kyuubi d Naruto. Ghas aken, Naruto itstrini mlih iwaken ad yughal da genin, taseddart tamezwarut deg iningaten. Mba3d atas useyyi, igged ar tagara as d fken amenyir n Konoha akk d assali-nes ar genin. Yughal ini itsekki deg tarba3t deg-s krad iheppaden ninja, d Sakura Haruno d uhric n Sasuke Uchiha. Cwit cwit, mlalen ajounin-n-sen, win at nislemden : wini mu snen akk Kakashi Hatake.
Deg tazwara tsaggadent yarnu karhent at taddart, cwit cwit yerna deg tazmert yerna irebhed lemqadra d lehmala n at taddart s lfedel n unughen ig ugar deg-sen i3dawen imeqranen n Konoha gar-asen atas n at taddart n zik. Cwit cwit, axetet n uhkem n dunnit n yiwen deg-sen ibaned.
Udmawen[beddel]
Tazwara n umeruy itekka f ukuz(4) udmawen imenzawiyen : Naruto Uzumaki d amunu, maca daɣen Sakura Haruno, Sasuke Uchiwa d sensei-nsen Kakashi Hatake, llan deg amzun akk aylan imezwura n umanga.
S akinna, fɣend udmawen imaynuten, am Sannin, krad(3) ininjaten yetwasnen ad yuɣalen d iselmaden n krad(3) inelmaden deg usatu amaynu, ayen ad yawin asengara-nsen. Naruto aqlalaḥ ad yeḍfar Jiraya, d aninja amazuf s wul ameqran, aselmad n zik n Hokage wis ukuz(4); Sakura, ig rsen, at dfar aselmed n uninja amsejay Tsunade ; Sasuke affakas ad yughal d immesten n Orochimaru, yetwasnen am usemdan, maca d amenɣiw yetwanudan, yellil tirmitin igdlen yarnu yexsa ad yawi tafekka n Sasuke.
Sya ar zzat n temacahut, udmawen imaynuten fɣend, wid ad yuɣalen d imenzaɣ (Gaara, Rock Lee …), d imdukkal (Shikamaru Nara, Hinata Hyuga …) naɣ ad yuɣalan d icenguten imeqranen, am imaslaḍen n Akatsuki, tuddsa ur nessin n iningaten irewlen izemren atas atas.


text:
Kanada
Kanada
Kanada (Talɣa:IPA-en) d tamurt d-yezgan degugafa n Temrikt, unagraw Atanltik deg usammar ar Ugaraw Amelwi deg usamar ar ugafa deg ugaraw Atlantik. D tamurt tameqqrant akk tis snat deg umaḍal.
Akal yettusemman assa Kanada zedghent azal n alef iseggasen ihendiwen. Di tagara n lqern wis 15 bdant ibritaniyen d ifransiyen ttsasen akken ad nadin, syen zeghen deg rrif n unagraw atlanti. Fransa tedja qrib ayen thar deg Fransa tamynut i Britanya deffir ttrad n sebaa iseggasen n 1763.deg 1867, 3 temnadin deg temrikt ugafa tabritanit dduklent akken ad weqment tamurt tafidiralit n 4 temnadin. deg 1867, Nova Scotia d New Brunswick dduklent deg tfidiralit n Kanada.... . Tafidiralit n Kanada s 10 temnadin d 3 akalen ines tesaa aberlman ,ixef n ddula d tagellidt Queen Elizabeth II . d tamurt yesaan snat tutlayin timensabin, taglizit d tefransist.Kanada tettekki deg G8, NATO, akk d Commonwealth of Nations, dFrancophonie, d United Nations.
Azar n wawal[beddel]
Awal kanada yekka-d seg tutlayt tayirukwayt n St. Lawrence kanata, anamek nines "taddart" . deg 1535, imezdagh insaliyen n temdint n Kibik n wassa sqedcen awal agi akken as mlen abrid i Jacques Cartier ar taddart n Stadacona. syen Cartier yughal yesseqdac awal Kanada akken ad yemsslay ghef taddart nni d temnadt nni irkelli n Donnacona (ameqran n taddart n Stadacona); mi nessawed 1545, idlisen d tikardiwin tiurufiyin bdan ttsemayen i temnadt akk Kanada.
seg tazwara n lqern wis 17 d asawen,tamanadt n Fransa tamaynutd yegan rrif n wasif n Saint Lawrence d rrif n timedwa timeqranin negh Geat Lakes semman-as Kanada, tmanadt bdan ibritaniyen ghef sin, Kanada ufella Upper Canada d Kanada n wadda Lower Canada, armi n usdukkel nsen deg temnadt n kanada Province of Canada deg 1841. deffir n weskar n tkunfidiralin n kanada Confederation deg 1867, isem Kanada yettwafren ad yili d isem unsib n tmurt.


text:
Hewwari Bumedyen
Hewwari Bumedyen (ilul seg yisem n Muḥemmed Ben Brahim Buxerruba deg 23 Ɣuct 1932 deg Ɛin Ḥsayneyya, Galma - yemmut deg 27 Dujember 1978 deg temdint n Ldzayer), d aserdas adzayri, d aselway wis sin n tmurt n Ldzayer (deffir uzarug), gar 1965 ed 1976, yerna yeqdec d aselway n Useqqamu n Tegrawla gar 1965 ed 1976.
Deg tallit n wemgaru (ṭṭrad) n Ldzayer, yefka i yiman-nnes isem n Hewwari Bumedeyn yerna yuweḍ ɣer tfesna (legṛad) n weknaner (colonel). Deg 1959, yeqqel d Imḍebber Aɛlayan n Yigen n Weslelli Aɣelnaw (armée de libération nationale). Asmi ay tuwey Ldzayer azarug-nnes (indépendance) deg 1962, Bumedyen yeqqel d aneɣlaf n temḥaddit ddaw uselway Ḥmed Ben Bella, am wakken ay yeṭṭef amkan n wenmazul n Uneɣlaf Amezwaru (vice-Premier misinitre) gar 1963 ed 1965. Deg wass n 17 Yunyu 1965, Bumedyen yesseɣli Ben Bella seg udabu yerna yeqqel d netta d aselway n tegduda. Deg wass n 20 Yunyu n useggas-nni, yerna yeṭṭef ula d amkan n Uneɣlaf Amezwaru.


text:
Aljiber
Aljiber neɣ Aljiber d amur ger imuren n tusnakt ig zerwen s tugett tiskiwin tiljibriyin (structures algébriques), am tefekka deg Aljiber (corps en algèbre).
Agbur
Aẓar n wawal[beddel]
D awal id yussan deg tutlayt n taɛrabt el-ǧabr(الجبر),
Amezruy[beddel]
Deg teglest (à l'antiquité)[beddel]
Aljiber yettwa seqdec yakan deg akud n iferɛunen, snen ad'd affen tifrat i temesmatt (équation) s yiwet neɣ snat n te fesniwin.
A maḍal n w'aɛraben akk d ye nselmen[beddel]
Aljiber yekk'd deg taɛrabt al-ǧabr, yuqal algebra s te latinit, anamek is yezzi ugar ɣer A sdakel(la reunion) n i ceqqfan, neɣ tuqqna (la connexion). Akken daɣen ig wwi i numak(sens) nniḍen deg tutlayin nniḍen.
D'awal ig llan ger w'awalen i mezwura i sqedcen s tutlayt taɛrabt, adlis id yessufeɣ el-Khwarizmi isemma-y-as al-ǧabr wa el mouqabalah, izrew dges aṭṭas n te nzeggit , i wumi ass agi leqdic ines nessemlal it ugar ɣer te nzeggit taljibrit.
Yiwet tikkelt Leonard de Pise i win mi qqaren Fibonacci yerza ɣer te friqt n we gafa, ira(aimer) amek ttarun i zwilen deg tama agi n we maḍal, deg imir yesseqdac i zwilen akini, yerna yewwiten id ɣer europa.
Timidi tis XVI (XVI siecle)[beddel]
Aljiber A trar (algèbre Moderne)[beddel]
Muqel daɣen[beddel]
- Tusnakt (mathématique)
- A sebrurez (analyse)
- Ta nzeggit (géométrie)
- Tiskiwin tiljibriyin (structures algébriques)
- Aljiber A jerrad(algèbre linéaire)
- Aljiber n Boole (algèbre de Boole)


text:
Lunis At Mengellat
Lewnis AT MANGELLAT, d amedyaz, d acennay i yellan yiwen seg inaẓuren imeẓẓwa ugar (plus populaires) n izwawen. Ilul ass n 17 yennayer 1950, deg taddart n Iɣil Bbwamas ufella n tmurt n Leqbayel ar tama n Micli. Isɛa sdis warrac garasen yiwen d anazur n ccna : ǧeɛfer AT MANGELLAT.
Agbur
Temẓi ines[beddel]
D annegaru ger sdis (6) wayetma-s - 3 n tullas d sin warrac - isɛada temẓi ines qesiḥet di taddart-is and yeɣra yiwen useggas ar asmi serɣen irumyen aɣerbaz anda yella yeqqar. Tawacult-is llan di imzenza di Wehran anda sɛan tiḥuna. Mi ikfa trad mgal Franṣa deg 1962, Lewnis AT MANGELLAT iruḥ ar Lezzayer tamanaɣt ak° d watmaten-is Smaɛil d Aḥmed. Din ikcem ar uɣerbaz wis amezwaru (primaire) di Champs de Manœuvres. Din iɣra tizrawt uwizi (Études collégiales) azal n 3 isegwasen, s wanda id yeffeɣ s usileɣ (formation) n wayen umi neqqar s tefranṣiṣt Ébéniste. Deg useggas aneggaru Lewnis AT MANGELLAT iǧǧa leqraya-s imi yemmut gma-s ameqran di yiwet n laksida n tkarust, d netta ilan iɛgcit seg wasmi iruḥen imawlan-is ar Wehran.
Asmi yeqqar, ila iḥemel tasekla, d yiwen uselmad d amusegmi (pédagogue) id a t-tiḥemlen. Dɣa yuɣal ixeddem weḥdes isefra. I waken ad yečč aɣrum-is, yella ixeddem di yiwet tneɣlaft di Lezzayer, uqbel ad idfer abrid n ccna.
Amecwar-is di ccna[beddel]
Ibda i tikkelt tamezwarut ccna deg 1967. Ur iɛṭel ara iǧat lukan mačči d imedukal i s dizzin i waken ad as bedlen tikti. D Wahab i gellan si twacult-is i tibwin ar yiwet n tedwilt, iɣennayen uzekka, n umaṭaf wis II n Rradyu n Lezzayer, i g selḥay unazur n ccna Crif Xeddam. Icna-d taɣuct-is tamezwarut Ma trud ula d nek Kter i g-xdem asmi isɛa 16 isegwasen.
Deg 1968, netta d kra imedukwal, xedmen yiwet n tarbaɛt umi seman Imaziɣen. Llan accenun di tmeɣriwin yakw di tmurt n leqbayel, ladɣa di tasaft. Deg 1970, tarbaɛt aki tuɣal texsi, Lewnis AT MANGELLAT yuɣal-ed ar taddart-is Iɣil Bbwamas, yezweǧ, i xedem d amaray di 'Kasma' n temnaṭ ines. Kra n waguren kan, iruḥ s ddaw isenǧaq, ar laasker di Blida isɛeda 6 waguren, ma di Qsenṭina, 18 waguren.
Asekles n tezlatin-is timezwura[beddel]
I tikkelt tamezwarut d Wahab, i s-ittilin, i t-iɛawnen ad isekles 4 n tezlatin deg useggas 1969, garasent tizlit Ma truḍ ula d nek kter. Anecta ilad ar umazrag Yaḥya Lhadi, di Wehran, illan d yiwet n tmusni n Wahab. Asmi illa di lɛasker, anazur n ccna Kamal Ḥemmadi i yellan d ameddakel-is, ixedm-as tanalt (contact) d kra imazragen. Ma d ittruḥu s turagt (permission) di taggara umalas, Kamal Ḥamadi i ttaǧǧas yiwen u 'Studio' n unazur ameqran Maḥbub Bati i wakken ad isekles. Uqbel ad yeṭef tamacint ar Qsinṭina i wakken ad yuɣal ar lɛasker, i ttaǧǧa-yas tasfift i Kamal Ḥemmadi i wakken ad iqeleb af imazragen.
Dɣa yiwen deg imazragen i weṣat i wakken ad yaweḍ taɣuct n Awḥid Yusef: Ih a Muhand a Madam Servi Latay. Lamaana amedyaz Lewnis AT MANGELLAT, g-imiren ittwali ar lembɛiad. D ayen yellan, imi simi bdan kan iseggasen n 1970, yuɣal Lewnis AT MANGELLAT yettwasen mebla ma yeẓra, ladɣa s tuɣac 'A Lwiza', 'Ma selbeɣ' i g-sekles netta yella di lɛasker.
Iseggasen n wureɣ[beddel]
Seg iseggasen akin, yuɣal Lewnis AT MANGELLAT d azamul muqren i yal azwaw, ladɣa wid iḥemlen ccna n tayri, n ddunit, d tsartit. Seg iseggasen n 1980, yabda aḥric wayeḍ deg umecwar-is n ccna, imi iffeɣ si tuɣac n tayri ar t-id n tanegmit n tamagit (la revendication identitaire), anecta iban-ed ugar si tamrawt (décennie) ar zdat.
Iɛedda i tikkelt tamezwarut di tazeqqa 'Olympia' di 'Paris' deg useggas n 1978. Isyin anda iɛedda, ama di tazeqqa n 'Zénith' di 'Paris' deg 1985, ama di Lezzayer tamanaɣt, Tizi Wezzu, Bgayet, atg, iččur d imeshaniyen. Anazur Lewnis AT MANGELLAT icna aṭas iseggasen s yiwen n alal kan: tagiṭart neɣ amundul. Armi 30 iseggasen mbaɛd, ibda isekcam alalen nniḍen, ladɣa tajewaqt ak° d klabyi.
Ar unemzel (unanimité) n waṭas n tsuta n wid iḥemmlen Lewnis AT MANGELLAT, ila d win iqedcen ameslay aken ur llan aṭas am netta. I sexdam awal, ittak-as anamek d w-azal, iqqar-d ayen illan, d wayen ur nelli, d ayen ara yelin. Segmi Lewnis AT MANGELLAT qarren-as medden d amusnaw, daɣen d amesnagay iwen (philosophe unique) ar izwawen. Lewnis AT MANGELLAT isekles ugar n 200 n tezlatin.
Idebṣiyen n Lewnis AT MANGELLAT[beddel]
- 1967-1974 : Talit n idebṣiyen '45 Tours', azal n 70 n izwal.
- 1975 : Telt yyam, taɣzalt, d tiyaḍ - 33 tours, at voix du globe' n umazrag Brahim Unaser
- 1976 : Anida n-teǧǧam mmi (Luzin s-axxam)
- 1976 : Live di 'Olympia'
- 1977 : Amǧahed (Ali d Wali)
- 1978 : Aɛeṭṭar
- 1979 : Ay agu
- 1981 : A lmusiw (Askuti))
- 1982 : A macahu
- 1983 : A mmi
- 1984 : Eǧǧet-iyi
- 1986 : Asefru
- 1988 : « Iseggasen n wureɣ » 48 izwal, aɛiwed n 6 tesfifin K7 n idebṣiyen '45 tours' n wasmi ibda
- 1989 : Acimi
- 1990 : Abrid n temẓi (tirga n temzi)
- 1992 : A ken-ixdeɛ Rebbi
- 1994 : Awal
- 1995 : Iminig n yid
- 1997 : Siwel-iyi-d tamacahutt
- 1999 : Inagan
- 2002 : In-asen
- 2005 : Yenna-d wemɣar
- 2010 : Tawriqt Tacebhant
- 2014 : Iserfra
Idrisen n tuɣac n Lewnis AT MANGELLAT[beddel]
Tamselyut, Iseddagen & Izdayen Iberraniyen[beddel]
- Tameddurt n Lewnis AT MANGELLAT sɣur Taseɛdit Yasin, « Aït Menguellet chante », Préface de Kateb Yacine, Paris, la Découverte, 1989.
- Mohammed Djellaoui, « L’image poétique dans l’œuvre de Lounis Aït Menguellet - Du patrimoine à l’innovation » (Essai) - Éditions Les Pages Bleues, Alger, 2005.
- Tasemlilt tamezwarut sɣur R. Begnan


text:
CMS
CMS (Content Management Sytem) d yiwen wahil s wayen yiwen yezmer ad yesnulfu yiwen usmel Internet. S wahil-a, yezmer yiwen ad yedbel asmel-is war ilYi (yettusemma yeshel).
Γef umedya, aqeddac n usmel, ma yebYa ad yernu yiwen umagrad ad yeqqen deg wagrudem n tedbelt (s yisem-is d wawal ueeddi), ad yaru amagrad-nni, ad t-iẓer, dYa ma yehwa-as ad t-yekles. Imiren zemren akk medden ad ẓren amagrad-a deg Internet. S CMS nezmer ad nernu taggayin anda ar ad yilin yimagraden, yal yiwen deg teggayt ines. DaYen, imagraden zemren ad seun tugniwin (tikwal tugna tif inaw Yezzifen) neY iseYwan (Yef yimagraden neY ismal ay icudden).
Gar CMS, yella Joomla, Spip neY Wordpress Yef umedya.


text:
Bgayet
Bgayet, Vgayet : d tamanaɣt udem-is akk d usagen meqqren n tmurt n Yizwawen. S wazal n 1, 000 000 n imezdaɣ (2006) Bgayet d rruḥ (iman) n ugdud Azwaw. Sennig n teglest armi d tura, Bgayet ttmmehreged yakk imdanen i tt-izedɣen neɣ i tt-iqurben.
Agbur
Amezruy[beddel]
Amezruy n Bgayet iɛeddad luluf n yiseggasen, deg umezruy atrar, deg tlemmast n leɛmer akked wakud atrat; ayagi merra yennejmaɛ-d tiḥkayin akk d tumgisent ɣef yiwet n temdint i yellan akbab n wasartu n ugdud amaziɣ.
Vgayet; tunzart, d umyi, tahregt, idammen n tudert n ugdud azwaw, amarrezg-ik kečč i tt-izedɣen!
Vgayet gar lebḥer akk d igenwan, gar ass-a d uzekka, izri akk d imal. Tamurt n Yiṭij i d-t-yexttar-ren di yal zzman.
Di tazwara Bgayet tella d yiwet n tmurt i yexlan. Amdan iban-d deg Bgayet azal n 5000 n yiseggasen uqbel n lweqt-nneɣ; Homo sapiens (s tutlayt Talaṭinit, lemɛna-s: “amdan amusni” neɣ " amdan n tussna").
Numidia: deg lweqt n Numidia Vgayet ur tesɛi ara lqima meqqren imi tella tebɛed ɣef Cirta (tamanaɣt n Numidia).
Ifniqen[beddel]
Ifniqen llan uqbel kullec d agdud amzenzu. Γur-sen Bgayet tella d yiwen n umkan anda zemren ad zzenzen lqecc-nsen, ad myibdalen tiɣawsiwin d imezdaɣ n tmurt, akked ubrid yelzzm-asen ad ɛeddin am wakken ad kemmlen ɣer leswaq n tmura-nniḍen, mazal yella armi d tura yiwen n lmersa afniqi deg "Azraruḥ" (yeqreb ɣer Udrar Ufarnu).
Rruman[beddel]
Seddaw Listiɛmar Arumani, mbeɛd lexsara n Yugurten, Bgayet tettusemma Saldae, tella d yiwet n temdint n tastaɣt n lɛesker n Roma. Saldae tesɛa azal meqqren deg temnaḍt tarumanit n Mureṭanya Caesariensis.
Tilin n Rruman deg Bgayet ur tesɛi lehna imi aḥric ameqqran n Yimaziɣen ugin-ten.
Lameɛna Irumaniyen bnan-d anagrawa n waman iwakken ad awin aman ɣer tmiwa anda i ten-ḥwaǧen yimezdaɣ Irumaniyen n Saldae. Anagrawa-ya yettusemma “aqua ducere” (aqueduc s Tefransist)
Aṭas n lbenyan Arumani i d-mazal ar tura, ur yeɣli ara, am temdint n Timgad.
Saldae tella daɣen d yiwet n temdint deg tmasiḥit i yesɛan ugar n 690 n leǧwameɛ.
Irumaniyen sxedmen-d tasertit n takrit akked n aseɣred, fkan-d tiɣermi tarumanit i wid akk i yesteɛrfen s uɣmar arumani, dɣa mbeɛd leqrun n tilin deg Tefriqt Ugafa, aḥric ameqqran n lɛesker n Roma deg Tefriqt llan d Imaziɣen, imi lxedma deg lɛesker n Roma tella d yiwen n ubrid ɣef tiɣermi tarumanit; ɣef wayagi ma ad nẓer ɣef leqbur n uḥeric ameqqran n lɛesker irumaniyen deg Tefrqit ad naf d ismawen imaziɣen i sɛan.
Iwandalen[beddel]
Iwandalen rran Saldae d tamanaɣt-nsen (429-534) imi d-kecmen deg useggas n 429, Saldae tella d yiwet gar temdinin i yesɛan ccan deg umenkad Arumani ɣef wayagi lexsara-ines tella d yiwet n twaɣit ɣef ugdud Arumani.
Iwandalen ǧǧan-d aḥric ameqqran n lɛesker deg Saldae imi d asutel n tzermant mgal ayen yeqqimen deg umenkad arumani ay tella.
Di lweqt-nni imezdaɣ n Saldae llan d Ibiẓanṭiyen akked kra n Yimaziɣen kan.
Iwandalen ur dumen ara deg Bgayet imi deg useggas n 534 Ibiẓanṭiyen kecmen ɣer Saldae ssufɣen-d Iwandalen ɣer berra, steɛmren Tafriqt Ugafa.
Ibiẓanṭiyen[beddel]
Amenkad Abiẓanṭi idum-d deg Tefriqt Ugafa seg 534 armi i yexser amgaru mgal Aɛraben wid-a bdan ṭrad d Listiɛmar n Tefriqt deg Lqern wis VIII (wis tmanya) (azal n 642 -705). Ibiẓanṭiyen s tzemmalt-nsen ur tɛettlen ara imi negren isutal n Yiwandalen deg Saldae. Gar tamawt, ladɣa lwandalen xesren ayen sɛan deg Tefriqt, qqimmen deg Bgayet, ɛacen gar Yimaziɣen armi ur uɣalen ur ttwaɛqalen ara merra imi d Imaziɣen tura i yellan. Ayagi merra d ayen i d-yeḍran ɣef Irumaniyen akked Ibiẓanṭiyen daɣen; ayagi d lwert aqdim n ugdud amaziɣ ur zmiren ad t-nekren.
Aɛraben[beddel]
Listiɛmar aɛrab d listiɛmar i d-yeǧǧan tikta meqqren akter n wiyaḍ ɣef umezruy n Yimaziɣen. Aɛraben xellfen Ibiẓanṭiyen deg useggas n 705 armi deg uzal n 972. Listiɛmar aɛrab n tmurt n Yimaziɣen d yiwet n twaɣit i d-yellan ɣef Yimaziɣen di tazwara armi rebḥen tilelli-nsen deg lqern wiss VIII.
Takrit n Waɛraben ur tzgir ara tirrugza n Yimaziɣen, lameɛna Imaziɣen llan ɛyan imi nnuɣen aṭas n yiseggasen mgal aɛdawen i d asen-d-yezzin di yal tama, daymi xesren amgaru mgal Aɛraben.
Imaziɣen kemmlen aṭas n leqrun mbeɛd amgar-nsen mgal aɛeraben seg umkan ɣer wayeḍ, mgal yiwet n tgeldit taɛrabt ɣer tayeḍ, armi deg yiseggasen n (972–1148) imi yiwet n tgeldit tamziɣt, Iziriyen (972–1148) s timelwi n Ziri mmi-s n Mennad, teṭṭef-d tazmert deg Lezzayer. Tallit-agi tella d yiwet n tallit ur nesɛi lehna imi teččur d imenɣi akked tarkukit, Lqern wiss XI akked 13 walan-d asexdem ameqqran n tutlayt taɛrabt, imi yebda-d deg Lqern wiss XI anbaz amenyut n yiwen n udrum aɛrab i d-yekkan si Maser yettuseman Banu Hilal, daxel n wul n tmurt n Yimaziɣen.
Imi Ifaṭimiyen (yiwet n tgeldit taɛrabt i iḥekmen deg Waɛraben imi steɛmren tamurt n Yimaziɣen) wexxren-d abud-nsen ɣef Maser deg 972, mmi-s n Ziri yettusemman Buluɣin (971-984) yettwakellef-d ɣef Tefriqt Ugafa. Awexxer n tanawt taɛrabt ɣef Maser yeshel-d asnulfu n tgeldit n Yiziriyen seddaw Ḥammad mmi-s n Buluɣin imi rebḥen-d imaziɣen tanaya-nsen.
Deg 1090 Iḥemmadiyen, aferkaw n Yiziriyen, rran Bgayet d tamanaɣt-nsen; Iḥemmadiyen ḥekmen deg Lezzayer azal n lqern (1008-1152) armi nezfen ɣef ddemma n wanbaz n Banu Hilal. Deg uzal n 1152 Amussu n Tdukli (Lmuwaḥiddin s taɛrabt) ihudd tagelda n Yiḥemmadiyen.
Amussu n Tdukli[beddel]
Deg uzal n lqern wiss XII, Mmi-s n Tumert (a*. 1080 - a. 1130), ccix amziɣ n lǧameɛ akked umalway n ddin yesnulfa-d tarbaɛt tamaziɣt n Amussu n Tdukli; Mmi-s n Tumert yura-d aḥric ameqqran n tektabin n ddin s tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Eebd Lmumen (1094-1163), yiwen seg yinelmaden-is i t-id-ixellfen imi yemmut, yesnulfa-d tagelda n Tdukli deg Tin Mal (tamdint deg tlemmast n tmurt n Merruk).
Tagelda n Tdukli temɣi-d armi teḥkem-d ɣef uḥric ameqqran n Tefriqt Ugafa; Merruk deg 1146, Lezzayer 1151, deg 1160 ḥekmen-d ɣef uḥric ameqqran n Tmazɣa. Deg 1163 armi d 1199, tikkelt tamezwarut deg umezruy n Tmazɣa, aḥric ameqqran n Yimaziɣen ɛacen seddaw yiwet n tgelda tamaziɣt.
Ugar n 300 n yiseggasen Izeyaniyen, aferkaw n Tgelda n Tdukli, ḥekmen-d ɣef Tmazɣa armi d 1516 imi Iɛetmaniyen kecmen ɣer Lezzayer.
Tagelda n Tdukli, ɣas akken d yiwet n tiddukla tamaziɣt ay tella, si tazwara-ines armi d taggara-ines, ur tesɛi ara leqsed n usellek n ugdud amaziɣ, imi d yiwet n tejmaɛt n ddin ay tella, ɣef wagi asexdem n tutlayt taɛrabt yettnerni deg tmurt n Yimaziɣen imi aḥric ameqqran n Yimaziɣen ttwaɛerben.
Lqern wiss XVI yeẓra-d daɣen talalit n Tmurt n Yizwawen deg tlemmast n Tefriqt, imi aḥric ameqqran n Tefriqt i yettmuqulen ɣer rrif n lebḥer yella seddaw listiɛmar aɛutmani.
Tadukli n Tmurt n Yizwawen[beddel]
Tanaya n Yizwawen tɛac azal n 300 n yiseggasen armi d taslekt tafransist deg useggas n 1830.
Cwiṭ kan n yineɣmisen i d-nesɛa ɣef tallit-agi n umezruy n ugdud-nneɣ, ur neɛlim ara daɣen asmi tebda, imi ulac ikaramen ɣef wayagi. Ayen yellan mebla ccek, d wayen ixebbren iɣellaten n Yiɛetmaniyen deg tisekla-nsen akked ikaramen-nsen deg lqern 16, Izwawen ḥerzen-d ɣef tlelli-nsen azal n 300 n yiseggasen.
Yal adrum deg tmura n yizwawen yesɛa aseqqamu ameqqran n taddart-is i iḥekmen deg-s, yal aseqqamu yesɛa tajmaɛt, di tejmaɛt-agi tella yiwet n tejmaɛct ɛlayen, llan yimalwayen-nsen. Gar-asen, llan yirgazen yettwassnen aṭas deg tmura n Yizwawen imi llan d irgazen s tirrugza.
Deg 1830 Asqamu Ameqqran n Ugdud Azwaw, i iḥekmen ɣef ugdud azwaw merra, yessawel-d i ccix Amɣar ad yili d amalway n yiɛsekriyen n Tdukli n Tmurt n Yizwawen ad ḥarben mgal Fransa u ad iɛas ɣef tlelli-s.
Tirrugza n ccix Amɣar tella sennig tɣerfant-is sɣur agdud-s imi iḥureb almi d tagara ɣef wayen yesɛan ccan; tilelli n tmurt-is akked tin n ugdud-is.
Deg taggara, agdud Azwaw yexesr ɣef ddemma n lqewwa tatrart n Fransa akked lexdeɛ n ugeldun n waɛraben yettusemman Eebd Lqader imi d-yefka takbabt-is ɣef Umtawa n Tafna lwaḥid Fransa; ayagi yefka-d lweqt d lǧehd i Fransa ad tkemmel ɣef wayen yeqqimen deg lebɣi n Yizwawen.
Iɛetmaniyen[beddel]
Iɛetmaniyen seddaw n timelwi n Xir Ddin d gma-s Earruǧ i d-ixelqen atrar usamer n Lezzayer, bdan aseɣwel n tama-yagi am usutel n Yiflisen n ddunit merra. Taflist-nsen ternu, temɣi-d ɣef lqrun 1600; taflist mgal lbaburat n Lmarikan deg lebḥer-nneɣ ssebba n ṭrad n Teflist Tamezwarut, akked ṭrad n Teflist tis snat, anda mmuten aṭas n yimdanen.
Bgayet deg lweqt-nni ur tesɛi ara aṭas n lɣaci imi aḥric ameqqran n yimezdaɣ-ines llan kra d Imaziɣen akked waṭas n yiflisen d lɛesker iɛetmaniyen s twacult-nsen.
Taslekt Tafransist[beddel]
Mbeɛd lexsara n ccix Amɣar, Aḥeddad, akked Faḍma n Sumer, aḥric ameqqran n yinelmaden-nsen ttwanfan ɣer La Nouvelle-Calédonie; ɣef tagara n taslekt n Fransa aṭas n lɣaci i ixesren ixxamen-nsen, akal-nsen, akked lḥerma-nsen.
Γef ayagi, azal ameqqran n lebni n Bgayet d Fransa i t-yebnan imi thudd ayen yellan uqbel n taslekt.
Fransa tebna-d lmersa n Bgayet akked tlemmast n temdint.
Fransa teqqim deg Bgayet azal n 100 n yiseggasen armi texser ṭrad deg useggas n 1962.
Bgayet n Tura[beddel]
Imi irumiyen ffɣen, Izwawen kecmen ɣer tlemmast n temdint, Bgayet teẓra timeriwt tameqqrant n yimezdaɣ, ussan-agi Bgayet s lmersa-ines tella d yiwet n temdint i imeqqren deg tmurt n Yizwawen.
Tarakalt[beddel]
Tella deg ugafa n twilayt n Bgayet, ɣef tafsirt agrakal dɣa tettwazger sɣur asif n Summam, taɣiwant n Bgayet tella deg iri n ilel Agrakal deg ugafa d ugmuḍ dɣa tennuled tiɣiwanin n Tuǧa deg ugmuḍ, n Asif n Ɣir deg wenẓul dɣa Buxlifa d Tala Ḥemza deg wenẓul-agmuḍ.
Tiɣiwanin n Bgayet[beddel]
Llant 52 (sumset sin) n tɣiwanin n Bgayet
Tignatin n Vgayet[beddel]
-
Tamdint n Bgayet seddaw n wedrar n Yemma Guraya
-
-
Axxam n yedles "Taos Amrouche" n Bgayet
-
Tasdawit "Abderrahmane Mira" n Bgayet
-
-
-
UL = Uqbel n lweqt-nneɣ
a = azal n
Iseddagen:
Asmel n temdint n Bgayet azwel n uzday
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05.
http://www.bartleby.com/65/al/Almohads.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammadid
http://www.kabylia.info/index.php/Kab/Bgayet
Ismal n Internet[beddel]
Tizmilin[beddel]
- ↑ D. S. et S. B., « FLN yejmeɛ APC n Bgayet… », La Dépêche de Kabylie, 11 dujamber 2012 (Ɣeṛ uqqin).
- ↑ Tawilayt n Bgayet : afraq n imezdaɣen, s taɣiwant n tnezduɣt. Isefka n uddun amatu n umezdaɣ d tanezduɣt n 2008 ɣef asmel n ONS.
- ↑ {{Article}} : paramètre «
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text:
Faḍma n Sumer
Lalla Faḍma n Sumer d tameṭṭut Taqbaylit ikecmen deg umezruy n tmurt s ibeddi-is deg wudem n wemnekcan afransis aseggas 1857. Lalla Faḍma tlul deg useggas 1830 deg taddart n Werja di Learc At Bu Yusef, di Tmurt n Leqbayel, temmut aseggas 1863, di temeemmert n At Sliman.
Agbur
Tameddurt-is[beddel]
Lalla Faḍma n Summer neɣ Faḍma n At Sid Ahmed n Warja, d tameṭṭut i ikecmen deg umezruy n tmurt s ibeddi-is deg wudem n wemnekcan afransis. Tlul deg useggas 1830, aseggas ideg d-kecmen Iṛumyen tamddint n Lezzayer, deg taddart n Werja, deg leerc n At-Buyusef. Taddart n Werja tezga-d deg webrid yettawin seg Micli ɣer Tizi n Tirurda, deg wul n Ǧerǧer. Isem n Summer i tewwi Faḍma, d isem n yiwet n taddart nniḍen ur nebeid ara ɣef Werja anda i tedder Faḍma.
Temẓi-s[beddel]
Tekker-d deg yiwet n twacult n yemrabḍen, nettat d yiwet n weltma-s d kuẓt (4) watmaten-is. Baba-s Muḥend Ameẓyan At Sidi Aḥmed, yeɣra Leqran, d aeeggal n Ṭariqa Taṛeḥmanit, i d-yeskker Sidi Eebdeṛeḥman Bu sin Iẓekwan deg useggas 1715. Asmi tewweḍ ṣa (7) n yiseggasen deg usemmud-is, tawacult-is teǧǧa Warja, tṛuḥ ɣer Summer anda yuɣal baba-s d Ccix n taddart.
Faḍma tettuṛebba-d, am nettat am teḥdayin n tallit-nni, deg wansayen d leewayed n Leqbayel n zik. Maca, tewwi-d tikli nniḍen, yemgarraden d tin tezyiwin-is. Ur tettaɣ ara awal n yimawlan-is, tettefeɣ ɣer beṛṛa ɣer wennar n yergazen, ɣas akken tilawin n yimir-nni amkan-nsen deg wexxam, yerna dɣa ma yella d tamrabeḍt. Teffeɣ d tamnafeqt. Yuɣal d ttawin-tt medden d anzi, tin yekkren ɣer tayeḍ ad as-tini tuɣaleḍ d Lalla n Werja, ma deg yella tefka lebɣi i lebɣi-is, ur teṭṭif ara deg leewayed n zik. Baba-s d watmaten-is ḥeṣlen deg-s, tagi d tamsalt n nnif, gma-s akken ad tt-ieaqeb, ḥebsen-tt deg wexxam acḥal n wussan.
Faḍma tura d tameṭṭut[beddel]
Asmi tewweḍ 16 n yiseggasen, yenna-as baba-s : A Faḍma, aqli-kem-id tura d tameṭṭut, ilaq-am ad terreḍ axxam. Tenna-as : ur lliɣ seg tid yettarran ixxamen, a-t-an ara yi-d-ttasen kra n temsal meqqren d tid kan ara ḍefreɣ. Baba-s, tebda tkeccem-it tugdi, awal ara yettazal, heddren, qqaren-as, ahat ur teṣfi ara. Akken ad tbeggen tidet, Faḍma terḍa ad teddu d tislit. Yuɣ-itt Yeḥya n At-Buxulaf n taddart n Eeskker deg lɛerc n At-Yetturaɣ. Teqqim deg wexxam n wergz-is ṣa (7) wassan tuɣal-d ɣer Summer.
Deg tallit-nni, Aṛumi yebda yettaɣ-d tamurt n Leqayel. Deg 1837, yeṭṭef tamdint n Delles. Ssyin akkin, d nnuba n Budwaw, Tizi n At-Eica, Lberj-n-Mnayel, Dreɛ Lmizan d Tizi-Wezzu ad ɣlint ddaw tecḍaḍt-is. Seg yimir-n i ieewwel ad yeɣḍel Adrar n Nnif, imir-n, i tekcem Faḍma annar umennuɣ.
Ussan n tegrawla[beddel]
Deg 1849, tesdukkel amennuɣ d Si Muḥemmed Lhacimi, yiwen n wergaz i yettekkan deg tnekra d-yeskker Bu Taɣaḍt (Bu Meeza) deg Ḍahra, deg umalu n Lezzayer tamaneɣt. Wagi ṭṭfen-t Iṛumyen ɣer lḥebs deg Fṛansa, yessaweḍ yerwel-d, yuɣal-d ɣer tmurt anda d-yufa yeḥma useqi. Tadukli n sin yelmeẓyen-a, tessaɣ amennuɣ deg yal amkan deg Ǧerǧer, ssawlen i Yeqbayliyen ad beggsen ad nnaɣen mgal acengu. D amennuɣ ara idumen i teɣzi n yiseggasen.
Ssyin akkin, Faḍma n Summer tessunded tanekra n Bu Tserdunt (Bubeɣla) s yisem-is n tidet : Muḥemmed Ben Eebdelmalek, i d-yekkan seg tama n utaram. Tessudes amennuɣ deg Ǧerǧer, tuɣal d ccif ɣef yiserdasen i d-teskker, i d-yekkan seg leerac am At-Yetturaɣ, At-Buyusuf, At-Yellilten, Illulen-Umalu… Tebḍa-ten ɣef sin yegrawen : amenzu d imusseblen d wid tettawin isalen, wis d ieerḍiyen i tmettant neɣ iserdasen s leslaḥ. Tessuter deg At-Yiraten ad ɣzen tisrafin, i At-Yellilten ad xedmen akal akken ad afen d acu ara ččen deg tegnit n umennuɣ, i At-Iḥitussen, Dderna, Illulen, Tiziḍt d Texliǧt-Iḥeddaden ad d-xedmen ibeckiḍen d lbaṛud. Ass n 7 Yebrir 1854, iserdasen n Lqebṭan Wolf ẓedment-d ɣef wedrar,. Faḍma yesduklen iɣil d trebuyaɛ n Bu Tserdunt, temmuger-iten ɣer Wasif Userdun (Sibaɛu), deg Yiɛezzugen. Γas akken ugaren-ten Yiṛumyen acḥal yid-sen, yerna ifen-ten leslaḥ, maca, leesker n Fṛansa yuɣal ɣer deffir zdat n tyitwin n yiserdasen n Faḍma n Summer.
Ger yimennuɣen imeqqran nniḍen i yekkren ger Leqbayel d lɛesker n Fṛansa, d win yeṭṭreḍqen deg wemkan imi qqaren Tacekkirt, deg At-Buyusef, ger 16 d 19 n waggur n Yulyu 1854. Din ččan Iṛumyen tiyita akken ur nwin, Marical Randon yeǧǧa deffir-s 25 seg yifesyanen-is, akk d wugar n 800 seg yiserdaen-is, ma d wid nniḍen selkenten iḍarren-nsen. M’akken yerwel yenna-asen i Leqbayel : “Ad d-uɣaleɣ”.
Ger 1845 d 1856, Ǧerǧer kkan-as-d seg yal tama, lɛesker d-yekkan seg Tizi-Wezzu d win d-yekkan seg Qsenṭina d-izegren ɣef Bgayet. Deg Yulyu 1857, leesker n Rondon d win n Faḍma mlalen deg Yiceṛṛiḍen, yekker imenɣi ger sin yemrigen. Amḍan n yiserdasen n Fṛansa yugaren s waṭas Iqbayliyen akk d leslaḥ i tesseqdec Fṛansa deg umenuɣ-a tessaweḍ ad tessenger yes-s almi d aneggaru seg yiserdasen n Faḍma. Tabɣest d tissas n wid yennuɣen ɣef tleli-nsen ur ay tezmir sdat n wehdum d-yeɣlin fell-asen.
Iseggasen-is ineggura[beddel]
M-akken i tt-senzen, Jeanne d’arc nneɣ akken i s-yessawal Rondon i Faḍma, yeɣli-d fell-as Jiniral Yusef, tameddit n wass, deg taddart n Texliǧt At-Eettu yeṭṭef-itt netta akk d tid-nni yellan yid-s. Wwin-tt ɣer Tmezgida, nnig Iferḥunen, anda yessers lekka-s Marical Rondon. Ssyin rran-tt ɣer lḥebs nettat d gma-s Si Ṭaher akk d 200 n yemdanen nniḍen i yettwaṭṭfen, deg Temeemmert n Sidi Sliman deg Teblaḍt (ger Mdiya d Ṣṣur Lɣezlan) almi d asmi i temmut deg Ctembeṛ 1863, ɣef 33 n yiseggasen.
Ugar n ṣa (7) yiserdasen n umennuɣ, Fṛansa, seg twaṭṭfa n Faḍma n Summer, teṛza Tanekra n Yeqbayliyen ɣef tlelli-nsen, teṛza Adrar n Nnif, teṛza Tajmaɛt n tudrin, tṛessa deg wemkan-is tadbelt-ines deg tamurt n Leqbayel ugar n lqern.
Amezruy d yidles[beddel]
Ass n 3 Yulyu 1995, wwin-d iɣsan-is ɣer Lealia anda teḍḍlen imeɣrasen n Tegrawla deg tmaneɣt. Almi d imir-n i yestaeref uwanek azzayri s umennuɣ-is mgal amnekcan afṛansis. D acu kan anecfu aɣerfan ɣef Faḍma yezga yedder. Inzi: ɣer deffir d Faḍma ɣer sdat d tiṛṣaṣin, qqaren-t medden ɣef wayen i yettraǧǧun wid-nni yettnaɣen lawan-nni, ma yella rran taqejirt ɣer deffir. Akken diɣen ara naf ddeqs n yisefra fell-as, d tajmilt ɣef yiseɣ tla. Kra seg-sen :
Asefru[beddel]
- Ass n larbea teṣebḥit
- Ass-nni ɣef medden yeẓwer
- Tafejrit mazal itran
- Xati n win izerbzn yefḍer
- Deg Yiceṛṛiḍen i temḥallas
- Yexleḍ wemnay d leesker
- Yekker uɛeǧǧaǧ n leɣmam
- Deg tegnaw yuli iḍer
- Seg kra n win iḥedṛen dinna
- Xati n win imi ɣezif leemer
- Marican bab n ukembbas
- Deg yixef-is i iferru ccweṛ
- Lalla Faḍma i d-nettzuru
- Lal izebgan d lǧuheṛ
- D Leǧninar i d lewkil-is
- Weltma-s n Sidi Ṭaher
- Amalah a Faḍma n Summer
- Lal n wemzur d lḥenni
- Isem-is inuda leerac
- Tura tɣab ur telli
- A-tt-an deg Sidi Sliman
- Ru a yiẓri d leḥmali
Idlisen fell-as[beddel]
- Les Berbères Célèbres, M.A.Haddadou, Tiẓrigin Berti, Lzzayer tamaneɣt, 2003
- Hommes et Femmes de Kabylie, DBK, Tiẓrigin Edisud, Aix-En-Provence, 2001
- Faḍma n Summer, Bitam Boukhalfa, Tiẓrigin Aurassi, 2001
- Femmes d’Algérie, J.Dejeux, Tiẓrigin Epigraphe, Lzzayer tamaneɣt, 1994
- L’insurrection de la Grande Kabylie, C.Robin, Tiẓrigin Henri Charles Laranzelle, Paris
- Promenades en temps de guerre chez les Kabyles, F.Hun, Tiẓrigin Challamel, Paris, 1860
- Histoire de l’Algérie contemporaine, J.A.Julien, Tiẓrigin PUF, Paris, 1964.
- Faḍma n Summer, M.S.Feredj, Tasɣunt Revue Historique Maghreébine, 1979.
Tamesluyt[beddel]
- http://tameddurt.com/spip.php?rubrique34#Idlisen fell-as
- http://tinmel-tamazight.blogspot.com/2011/03/lalla-fadma-n-summer-1830-1863.html
- ↑ Afrique-Asie, Numéros 390 à 401, Société d'Éditions Afrique, Asie, Amérique Latine, 1987 ([%5B%5B:Talɣa:Google Livres%5D%5D présentation en ligne])


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1:1 Nekk Yuda yellan d gma-s n Yeɛqub, aqqedac n Ɛisa Lmasiḥ, i wid i wumi d-issawel Sidi Ṛebbi Baba-tneɣ, yerna ihegga-ten i Ɛisa Lmasiḥ ;
1:2 ṛṛeḥma, talwit d leḥmala a wen-d-tețțunefkent s tugeț !
1:3 A wid eɛzizen, acḥal aya segmi i bɣiɣ a wen-n-aruɣ ɣef wayen yeɛnan leslak i ɣ-icerken, walaɣ belli ilaq-iyi a kkun-nhuɣ iwakken aț-țesɛum tazmert aț-țḥadrem ɣef liman, liman i d-yețțunefken yiwet n tikkelt i wid i gextaṛ Sidi Ṛebbi.
1:4 Axaṭer kra n yemdanen skecmen-d iman-nsen gar-awen, sseɛwajen lmeɛna n ṛṛeḥma n Sidi Ṛebbi iwakken ad ffren yir tikli-nsen, nekṛen ula d Ɛisa Lmasiḥ, win yellan d Ssid-nneɣ ; lɛiqab i ten-yețṛaǧun d ameqqran akken i d-ițwaxebbeṛ si zik di tira iqedsen.
1:5 ?as akken teẓram ayagi meṛṛa, bɣiɣ a kkun-id-smektiɣ belli asmi i d-isellek Sidi Ṛebbi agdud-is si tmurt n Maṣer yessenger gar-asen wid akk yugin ad amnen yis ;
1:6 daɣen, lmalayekkat-nni ur neṭṭif ara di ccan i sent-id-ițțunefken, meɛna ǧǧant imukan-nsent eɛlayen, Sidi Ṛebbi yeqqen-itent di ṭṭlam i dayem alamma d ass ameqqran n lḥisab.
1:7 Akken daɣen i tedṛa d imezdaɣ n temdinin n Sudum d Gumuṛ akk-d tudrin i sent-id-yezzin, ixeddmen anagar ticmatin d zzna, qqiment-ed d lemtel mi tent-yessenger Sidi Ṛebbi s tmes yecban times n ǧahennama ;
1:8 imdanen-agi daɣen i d-ikecmen gar-aneɣ xeddmen am nutni, tirga-nsen ssawaḍent-țen ad xedmen ticmatin, ur setɛeṛfen ara s lḥekma n Sidi Ṛebbi, reggmen ula d lmalayekkat yellan deg igenwan.
1:9 Ula d lmelk Mixayel ur yexdim ara annect-agi asm'akken i gennuɣ akk-d Cciṭan ɣef lǧețța n Sidna Musa ; yegguma a t-yergem ula d rregmat meɛna yenna-yas kan : a k-iɛaqeb Sidi Ṛebbi.
1:10 Meɛna imdanen-agi reggmen ayen ur ssinen ara, ula d ayen akken ssnen i gessen ula d lmal ur nefhim ara, yețțawi-ten anagar ɣer nnger-nsen.
1:11 A tawaɣit-nsen ! Axaṭer tebɛen lǧeṛṛa n Kahin, sṛuḥen iman-nsen di leɣlaḍ, yewwi-ten ṭṭmeɛ n yedrimen am Belɛam, negren am akken yenger Kuri asm'akken i d-yekker ɣer ccwal.
1:12 D ugur ameqqran m'ara ṭṭfen imukan gar-awen ɣer imensi n tegmaț, zehhun mbla lḥecma, țxemmimen kan ɣef yiman-nsen. Cban asigna yețțawi waḍu, ur d-yețțak lehwa ; cban ttjuṛ ur d-nețțak ara lfakya di lawan-nsent, mmutent, qquṛent dɣa țwaqelɛent.
1:13 Akken i d-ṭṭeggiṛent lemwaji timeqqranin tikufta-nsent n lewsex, i d-ssufuɣen nutni tikufta n leɛṛuṛ-nsen. Cban itran ixețțin, iɣellin ɣer dderb n ṭṭlam i sen ițwaheggan.
1:14 Fell-asen i d-icar Hinux iɛacen di lǧil wis sebɛa deffir Adem, mi d-yenna : atan a d-yas Sidi Ṛebbi nețța d luluf n lmalayekkat-is
1:15 iwakken ad iḥaseb imdanen meṛṛa, ad iɛaqeb imcumen ur ten-tḍuɛ ara, ɣef yir lecɣal-nsen, ɣef rregmat i d-ssufuɣen yemcumen-agi seg yimawen-nsen .
1:16 Imdanen-agi ur steqniɛen ara deg wayen xeddmen, teddun s lebɣi n tnefsit-nsen ; imeslayen-nsen ččuṛen d zzux, sqizziben i yemdanen ɣef ddemma n nnfeɛ-nsen.
1:17 Ma d kunwi a wid eɛzizen, mmektit-ed ayen i wen-d-nnan yakan ṛṛusul n Ssid-nneɣ Ɛisa Lmasiḥ
1:18 asm'akken i wen-d-qqaṛen : di zzman aneggaru ad ilin wid ara yețmesxiṛen fell-awen, ara ilḥun s lebɣi n tnefsit-nsen.
1:19 Ihi, d wigi i d-yețțawin lxilaf ger yemdanen, țxemmimen anagar ɣef wayen yeɛnan ddunit, ur sɛin ara Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen n Sidi Ṛebbi deg wulawen-nsen.
1:20 Ma d kunwi ay iḥbiben-iw, snernit liman-nwen yeṣfan, deɛɛut s tezmert n Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen.
1:21 ?ṭfet di leḥmala n Sidi Ṛebbi, țeklet ɣef ṛṛeḥma n Sidna Ɛisa Lmasiḥ, ara wen-d-yefken tudert yețdumun.
1:22 ?unnet ɣef wid yețcukkun sfehmetțen
1:23 iwakken ad țțuselken, jebdet-țen-id si tmes. Llan daɣen wiyaḍ ilaq aț-țḥunnem fell-asen meɛna ɣuṛ-wat aț-țennalem ulamma d llebsa-nsen i tessenǧes lǧețța-nsen.
1:24 Tanemmirt tameqqrant i win yesɛan tazmert ad iḥader fell-awen iwakken ur tețțecḍem ara, a kkun-id isbedd zdat-es mbla lɛib di tmanegt- ines s lfeṛḥ ameqqran.
1:25 Tamanegt tameqqrant i Sidi Ṛebbi awḥid i gellan d amsellek-nneɣ s Ɛisa Lmasiḥ Ssid-nneɣ ; i Yillu nneɣ lhiba, tazmert, lḥekma akk-d lɛaḍima, uqbel a d-texleq ddunit, di lweqt-agi akk-d lweqat i d-iteddun ! Amin !


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Meryl Streep
Mary Louise Streep, tlull ass n di Summit awanak n New Jesey, d tasnegbart tamarikanit. Γer waṭas n medden, d Meryl id tasnebgart tameqṛant di tallit tafrart, yella-d yisem-is azal n 17 n tikal deg arazen Oscars zdat Katharine Hepburn, tebwi araz agi 3 kṛaḍ n tikal, isegwasen n 1980,1983 d 2012.
Deg asarug, deg umezgun d tiliẓri turar aṭas n temliltin, am di Kramer and Kramer asegwas n 1979 anda turar d tameṭṭut tamezwarut n Dustin Hoffman, asaru itt yeǧǧan ad tawi Oscar n temlilt wis sin iten-t yifen. Timliltin ines nniḍen igarzen d tid n Out of Africa, anda tella d tamyarut Karen Blixen Yer tama n Robert Redford d Sophie's Choice (sYuṛ ungal n William Styron) anda turar tameṭṭut ijaṛben imḍiqen n lmut di ṭṛad n umaḍal tisnat, ayen itt yeǧǧan tikelt-a ad tawi Oscar n tesnegbart usegwas 1983.
Deg usaru A Cry in the Dark n Fred Cepisi tebwi araz di cannes/fṛansa asegwas n 1989. Turar d tameṭṭut n wexxam ig Ylin di tayri Yef yiwen umseknaw deg usaru The Bridges of Madison County Yer tama n Clint Eastwood asegwas 1995, daYen deg usaru The Hours Yer tama n Nicole Kidman d Julianne Moore, isegwasen agi ineggura turar deg The Devil Wears Prada aked Mamma Mia !. Asegwas n 2012 tebwi araz n Oscar tesnebgart usegwas i tikelt tis kṛaḍ Yef usaru La Dame de fer anda turar taneYlaft tamezwarut n Lengliz Margaret Taččer


text:
Tizi Wezzu
Tizi Wezzu d tamdint deg usammer acerqi n Tamurt n Izwawen. Tikwal sawalen-as medden Tamnaṭṭ n Tizi Wezzu am wakken ad xedmen tamezla ɣef tamaneɣt-is Tamdint n Tizi Wezzu.
Agbur
Asideg (timella)[beddel]
Aẓar n wawal[beddel]
Tizi Wezzu d awal id yussan deg tejeǧǧigt azezzu, anda ass agi llant kra n tuddar is yessawalen Tizi Uzezzu, d'acu tugett n imezdaɣ tmurt n leqbayel ssawalen as Tizi Wezzu. Ass-a deg lkaɣeḍ nettarutt Tizi Wezzu s te qbaylit , Tizi ouzou s tefransist.
Tarakalt[beddel]
Tizi Wezzu tezga azal n 70 km ɣef rrif n yilel agrakal (lebher) akk-d wazal n 60 km seg Bgayet; ɣef tlisa-s ad nef seg usammer Tubiret (80 km), ɣef wegmuɣ Bgayet, Bumerdas ɣef utaram.
S Tajumma n azal n 2.958 km2 tawilayet n Tizi Wezzu tella yiwet seg timnaḍin i meqren deg tmurt n yezwawen. Aḥric ameqran n waman ttassen seg idurar n Ǧerǧer uqbel n ucercer-nsen ɣef wasif n Sbaɛu; llan deg-s watas n tifrawin am uggug n Teqṣebt (160 imelyaren n m3).
Tizi Wezzu tesɛa azal n 1.222.334 n imezdaɣ (leḥṣab n 2005) s tajumma n 2958 km²; ɣef wagi tella yiwet n temnatt yesɛan azal meqqren deg Tefriqt ugafa.
Tamdint n Tezi Wezzu d tamaneɣt n temnatt i tella; 120 000 n imezdaɣ i ɣur-es (tesɛa).
Timdinin timeqranin n twilayt n Tizi Wezzu:
- 1 Temdint n Tizi Wezzu
- 2 Larebɛa n At Yiraten
- 3 Aṣqif n Ṭmana
- 4 Iɛeẓẓugen
- 5 Draɛ Ben Xedda
- 7 Tigzirt
Tiɣiwanin n Tizi Wezzu[beddel]
Llant 67 (seddist sa) n tiɣiwanin deg twilayt n Tizi Wezzu
- At Yeḥya
- At Bu Yusef
- Aqbil
- Aṣqif n Ṭmana
- Iferḥunen
- At Yillilten
- Imsuḥal
- Buzegan
- At Ziki
- Illulen Umalu
- At Yeǧǧer
- Iɛeẓẓugen
- Iɛekkuren
- Ifiɣa
- Friḥa
- Iɣil N Zekri
- Aẓeffun
- At Cafaɛ
- Aɣrib
- Aqerru
- Tigzirt
- Iflisen
- Mizrana
- Makuda
- Bujima
- At Wagnun
- Timizar
- At Ɛisa Mimun
- Tizi Raced
- At Umalu
- Meqlaɛ
- At Xlili
- Swamaɛ
- Larbɛa N At Yiraten
- At Aggwaca
- Irǧen
- At Yanni
- Iɛeṭṭafen
- Ibudraren
- At Wasif
- At Bu Mahdi
- At Tudert
- Iwaḍiyen
- At-Bu-Waddu
- Agni-n-Yeɣran
- Tizi n Tlata
- At Dwala
- At Ɛisi
- At Maḥmud
- At Zmenzer
- Imaɛtuqen
- Suq Letnin
- Draɛ Lmizan
- Azaɣar
- Frikat
- At-Yeḥya-Yusef
- Tizi Ɣennif
- Imkiren
- Draɛ Ben Xedda
- Tadmayt
- Sidi Neɛman
- Tirmitin
- Buɣni
- At Bu Yusef
- Bunuḥ
- Amecras
- Tizi Wezzu
Igemmamen n Tizi Wezzu (Lḥumet)[beddel]
Ad naf aṭas n yegmamen di Tizi Wezzu, maca llan kra deg-sen i yettwasnen s aṭas.
- Annar Amellal
- Bastos
- Buxalfa, deg utaram
- Buaɛziz
- Ldecra (Tizi Ufella : Adewwar Bellwa).
- Lkadi neɣ Likadi
- Lemedduḥa
- Les Bâtiments Bleus
- Les Genêts
- Le Djurdjura (Ǧerǧer)
- Les Tours-Villa
- Medduḥa
- Tamdint neɣ La Ville neɣ Lbilaǧ am i wumi qqaren zik Tizi Talemmast
- Tarzan
- Tala Ɛellam
Tuddar n tɣiwant n Tizi Wezzu[beddel]
- Buhinun
- Tala Menṣur
- Buxalfa
- Asif At Ɛisi (Lwad Ɛisi)
- Ssix Umeddur
- Aklan n Cemlal
- Irahalen
- Tazmalt
- Tazmalt n Lkaf
- Timizar Leɣbar
- Ireǧǧawen n Lbur
- Ireǧǧawen n Tect
- Tala Ɛetman, tixelǧatin-is : Tazmalt N Wadda , Taddart Ufella, Iɣil Ufella d La Cité
- Ibetrunen : Tasadurt, Iqemmuden, Iɣil Uberwaq et Taddart Ufella.
- Iḥesnawen, : Leɛzib n Ḥmed, At Leḥsen, At Menṣur, Taddart Tameqqrant d Taɛezibt.
Amezruy[beddel]
Seg taglest Tizi Wezzu tella daymen tettwazdeɣ s imaziɣen am isbeggen yisemis, imi deg tutlayt n izwawen Tizi Wezzu d asemlili i d tella, deg yiwen ufus tizi, deg wayeḍ azzu; ini n uwraɣ (ddheb)akk-d ccbaḥa i dehcen n tizi, yiwet n tama ɣef tayeḍ, tazmert agi i ixelqen ayen icebḥen Tizi Wezzu.
Ulac ayen i d-iqqimen seg umezruy atrar n Tizi Wezzu, anagar kra n lebni (usali) deg ukud n Irumaniyen. Deg ukud atrar ad nef yiwen wemkan i yesɛan kra n texxamin seg lweqt n Iturkiyen; amkan agi yefka-d talalit i wmarci n Samass (sebt) akk-d yiwet temdint (teɣremt) tamectuht, tella ar tura yiwet tiɣremt deg At Yiraten (azal n 25 km seg Tizi) i ttwabnan deg 1850 deg ukud n Taslekt Tafransist; tamdint agi tuɣal-ed teɣremt n Tizi Wezzu n tura.
Tadamsa[beddel]
Tadamsa n Tizi Wezzu tettwaḥkem s tlata n igzumen ixelqen idrimen merra n tamnaṭṭ:
Tamerrit (tourisme)[beddel]
Idurar n Ǧerǧer akk-d leǧwahi-nsen llan d aɣbalu n tmerrit ameqran deg tamnaṭṭ n Tizi Wezzu imi yal aseggas ilulufen n lɣaci temsafren ɣur-es iwakken ad sɛedin lweqt n ustaɛfu-nsen; Taddart n Tala n Yilef akk-d Tigejda d imukan i iɛejben aṭas n lɣaci deg lweqt n Skii.
Imukan n taɣedweft: Ixerban n Rruman: Tigzirt (Iomnium), Taqṣebt (Rusupisir), Aẓeffun (Rosazu). Rrif n lebḥer (taftist) d ayen i ijebbden daɣen aṭas n medden di tamurt merra.
Tamguri[beddel]
Tella yiwet temguri tamectuḥt deg Tizi Wezzu lameɛna ur tesɛi ara tazmart meqqren ad teqneɛ aḥwaǧ n lɣaci ines.
Wigi d timetti meqqren deg Tizi Wezzu:
Tafellaḥt (Ager)[beddel]
Tafellaḥt (ager) mazal tella d agzum ameqran deg tudert n imezdaɣ n Tizi Wezzu am afares n zzit n uzemmur, tabexsist, tizurin atg.
Asegmi[beddel]
Tizi Wezzu d amkan anda tella yiwet tesdawit i meqqren deg tmurt, tasdawit n Lmulud at Maɛemer; 28,305 n inelmaden.
Aḥric ameqran n imezdaɣ n Tizi Wezzu ttmeslayen s Tamaziɣt (tutlayt n wegdud) akk-d tafransist (tutlayt tis snat).
Addal[beddel]
Ddabex d addal amezwaru deg tmurt n imaziɣen akken daɣen i yella deg Tizi Wezzu imi Aneɣlam n ddabex n Tizi Wezzu, Jeunesse Sportive de Kabylie neɣ JSK, d yiwen n wesrir yettwasnen deg Tefriqt merra.


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Marine Le Pen
Marine Le Pen (tlul s yisem n Marion Anne Perrine Le Pen deg wass n 5 Ɣuct 1968 deg Neuilly-sur-Seine), d tameṭṭut n tsertit tafrensist yerna d tabugaṭut. D yelli-s n Jean-Marie Le Pen, aselway aqbur n ukabar n afrensis n Front National (FN - Tirni Taɣelnawt) yerna d nettat ay d-ixelfen baba-s deg wemkan-a deg Yennayer n 2011.
Marine Le Pen tekcem ɣer ukabar n Front National deg 1986. Deg 2000, teqqel d tamaslaḍt (membre) deg Useqqamu n Usselkem (Conseil Exécutif) n ukabar-a, sakkin, gar 2003 ed 2011, teqqel d tanmazult n uselway (vice-présidente) n ukabar. Marine Le Pen teqdec daɣen d tamaslaḍt deg yegrawen n tmiwa n Fransa: gar 1998 ed 2004, tettekka deg Useqqamu Awaẓi (conseil régional) n Nord-Pas-de-Calais, gar 2004 ed 2010, tettekka deg Useqqamu Awaẓi n Ile-de-France, sakkin, deg 2010, tɛawed tettwafren d tamaslaḍt deg Useqqamu n Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Le Pen tettekka daɣen deg useqqamu n tɣiwant n Hénin-Beaumont (deg ugezdu n Pas-de-Calais) gar 2008 ed 2011.


text:
Artiste / groupe : Idir
Genre : kabyle
Vrai nom : Hamid CHERIET
Paroles : Adrar inu / Idir
Ajoutées par : caghiles3
Ya lferḥ ameqran imi d yuɣal s-axxam
Ruḥen akk iɣeblan tbeddel ddunit fell-i
Y argaz-im baba-m s-wudem iṣṣeḥḥan
Ger medden ad nban mmi-m gar-aneɣ ad yili
Taftilt igenwan tuɣ-d yal amkan
Mi teslef i-lufan taḍsa deg udem-is tuli
Mmi-m abaḥan ahya dheb areqman
An raǧu deg bardan baba-k ma ad yebdu tikli
Ɣas d-iṭij yerɣan neɣ d-adfel yessan
Ɣas d-azṛu yeḥfan ḥemlaɣ-k ay adrar inu
S-ddaw igenwan yekcem ger yitran
Nettargu ɣef-ussan i-deg lḥif ur d-ittnulfu
Ay akal imeɣban ur yeli win yerwan
Ikellex-aɣ zman amzun nebbi daɛwesu
A Nnif iɣ iččan ahya ttar aberkan
Nettara s-wurfan mi nɣil degs dwa ḥallu
caghiles3 : 12-11-2012
merci pour l'administrateur qui a fait la correction ..


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Yuba I
Yuba I (v. 85 - 46) d agellid aneggaru n Numidya usammar di tallit n -60 armi d -46. d mmi-s n Hiempsal II agellid n Numidya. deg ṭṛad yekkren ger Julius Caesar akk d Pompeius ɣef udabu, netta yefren Pompeius yedda yid-s acku yezṛa d akken ma yeṭṭef-itt Caesar a-tt-iseḥṛes ɣef Tmazgha. asmi i tt-yewwi Caesar, Yuba medlent-d fella-s tewwura, ula d wid-is unefn-as, akken ur iɣelli ara ger ifassen n Caesar, ibegs-d ad ineɣ iman-is, u ayagi s umenuɣ netta d umeddakkel-is aRumi Petreius, msenɣen, d Petreius i yemmuten d amezwaru, Yuba netta i t-inɣan d aqqeddac-is. S tmettant n Yuba I, d tallit n igelliden irbiben ara yebdun, amedya dɣa d mmi-s Yuba II.


text:
Atletaẓri
Atletaẓri (s tefrensist: athlétisme), d addal (neɣ d tagrawt n waddalen) aydeg ttilint aṭas n temsizzlin yemgerraden aydeg tella tazzla, aneggez neɣ azelli (aḍegger).
Deg wenrar anda ay tturaren atletaẓri, iri n wenrar sseqdacen-t i tazzla, ma d talemmast n wenrar sseqdacen-t i uneggez ed uzelli. Llan daɣen waddalen niḍen n atletaẓri ur ten-tturaren deg wenrar-nni, wanag beṛṛa i wenrar (am temsizzelt n ugama ed umaraṭun). Atletaẓri d yiwen seg waddalen imeqranen n Wuraren Ulimpiyen. Deg umur ameqran seg waddalen n atletaẓri, yal anaddal yetturar i yiman-nnes, yerna deg temsizzlin, yiwen kan n wemdan ay irebbḥen. Gar waddalen n tazzla, tella temsizzelt taruradt, timsizzelt n umedwel ed temsizzelt n yifergan. Addalen n uneggez yella deg-sen uneggez aɣezfan, aneggez aɛlayan ed uneggez s tɣanimt. Deg waddalen n uzelli, yella uzelli n tefḍist, azelli n wextuc akked uzelli n uḍebsi. Llan daɣen waddalen n atletaẓri aydeg sdukkulen ugar n yiwen n waddal, am uhiptatlun (aydeg anaddal yettekkay deg temsizzelt aydeg ara yurar 5 n waddalen) neɣ adikatlun (10 n waddalen).


text:
Aḍris-a d tukkist seg tullist « Temẓi n Caeban » i d-yeddan deg ummud n tullisin « Timsirin n yiḍ ». Iḥercan-nniden ad d-ḍefren ussan-nniḍen. Taghuri igerrzen….
Temẓi n Caɛban
Inelmaden deg ttrad-nni
« Nettru ɣef temẓi iɛeddan
Tɛedda amzun d targit
Ḥaca asaru-s (1) i d-yeggran
(de)G (u) qerruy w(i) i s-yecfan, yeffer-it ».
Caɛban At Meẓyan d yiwen n uqcic n xemseṭṭac neɣ n seṭṭac n yiseggasen deg tudert-is, ulac ɣur-s azemz (2) n tlalit-is. Yeqqar deg uɣerbaz alemmas war isem i d-izgan tama n ugafa (3) n temdint n Tzerrajt. Ur tezmireḍ ara ad t-tzegleḍ ma tnudaḍ fell-as acku d netta kan i yellan deg tɣiwant (4) n Tazerrajt deg tazwara n yiseggasen n sebɛin. Taselmadt n tutlayt (5) tafransist, Tamsiwt (6) Tameqqrant, akka i d isem-is, tefka-d i yinelmaden-is aɣan (7) ara d-heggin deg uxxam. Amahil-a (8) d asluɣmu (9) i ukayad (10) n taggara n ulmud alemmas ara d-yilin deg wayyur n yunyu n useggas 1973. Aɣan-a ara d-xedmen Caɛban d yimeddukal-is d tira n yiwen n uḍris (11) s tutlayt tafransist, asentel (12) i sen-d-tefren Temsiwt tameqqrant d wa: «Yal yiwen deg-wen wissen amek i d-isɛedda temẓi-s, ḥkut-d… ».
Caɛban d anelmad iẓẓewren, d win ur nettkukru ara ixeddim, laɛmer yeɣfil neɣ iɛedda fell-as uzaylal. Dɣa ma neṭall ɣer uswir(13)-is aɣurbiz nezmer ad t-nessers deg terbaɛt n yimezwura n usmil. Mi yettaru asentel-nni ɣef uzmam-is yemmekta-d yiwen n usentel-nniḍen, d tira n uḍris deg ukayad n ulmud alemmas yezrin i d-yeqqaren akka: « D acu-tt ɣur-wen tebɣest (14)? Arut-d ɣef waya… ». Yiwen n umenkad (15) yura yiwet n tefyirt (15) ɣef usebter (16) n tferkit (17) n ukayad, yerra-as-tt i umaggal (18) yeffeɣ. Tafyirt yura unelmad-nni ur teqqim ara d axemmem kan maca tɛedda ɣer tigawt (19) imi teqqar: « Tabɣest ɣur-i d tiririt n yisbetren n tferkit-a n ukayad d imellalen ».
Neqqar kan, d aya…
Caɛban mačči d timellalin ara yerr tiferka n waɣan-is i tselmadt-is n tefransist maca yeḥṣa akken i iwata d acu ara yexdem. Dɣa ur yerni ara aṭas n wakud (20) yebda yettaru aḍris-is. Tikta (21) ččurent-d aqerruy-is, d agruffeɛ i d-ttegruffuɛent am wasif i d-iḥemlen deg tsemhuyt (22) n tegrest netta yettseggim-itent, yessrusu-tent s shala, ta deffir tayeḍ akken i d-myezwarent, ɣef lkaɣeḍ-is amellal. Teḍra yid-s am win yeffuden yeswa yerna ɣef yiwen n ujeqqim. Ur yekkir ara fell-as almi d taggara n uḍris-is. Yiwen n ugur amecṭuḥ ur t-id-immuger segmi yebda almi i ifukk. Imru-ines itecceḍ ɣef usebter s yiwet n tiḥerci i isewhamen, ittazzal ɣef yicerriḍen izegzawen netta yettarew-d isekkilen ilaṭiniyen yettddukulen d awalen. Awalen-a yersen tteffɣen-d d tifyar ɣur-sent anamek. Anamek (23) d win yebɣa Caɛban ad sent-ifek, yugem-it-id deg wanu alqayan n ccfawa-s yeqqimen zedɣent tifexrurin-is ugar n temrawt (24) n yiseggasen n tudert-is. Ur yeẓri ara acḥal n tsaɛtin i yewwet akken ad yekfu aɣan-is. Deg-s yeqqar: « Amacahu…
Tallit n ṭṭrad
Mi ara d-mmektiɣ ayen sɛeddaɣ ad qqimeɣ kan ad s-iniɣ deg ul-iw: « Wissen amek i d-nedder ar ass-a? ».
D tallit (25) yebḍan ɣef sin yiḥricen. Tewwet yiwen n uḍar deg ṭṭrad n tsellullit (26) taɣelnawt (27) ma d aḍar wis sin deg timunent (28) n tmurt n Lezzayer. Talalit-iw teḍra-d deg ṭṭrad (1954-1962) mi izeggen useggas 1957, deg unebdu, akka i iyi-d-teqqar yemma. Ar tura ur ssineɣ ara anwa ass neɣ anwa ayyur ideg d-luleɣ. Ayɣer? Acku imawlan-iw ur neɣri ara, asmi i d-usiɣ ɣer ddunit mačči deg uxxam n tɣiwant i iyi-ssersen. Ssersen-iyi deg yitaftaren n tirni n tsellullit taɣelnawt (FLN), ddaw n tzemmurt, d tin i d tadbelt (29) n tmurt n Lezzayer n yimiren. Fransa mazal teḥkem akk tamurt. Laɛqed neɣ arra n laɛmer i s-d-fkan i baba gren-iyi-it ɣer lǧib n tqendurt-iw, txaḍ-it yemma, yeffer ɣef tiṭ. Ur ilaq ara ad t-afen yirumyen ma kecmen s axxam ad nadin akken i uɣen tannumi. Talfi lufan ad d-tzeg tiṭ-nsen ɣef yiwen n lkaɣeḍ am win n warra, ttbut amezwaru n tedbelt n tmurt n Lezzayer tilellit, iberdiyen n Qasi At Meẓyan, yeɛni baba ad rkun deg leḥbus n Fransa ur nettssuruf ara ɣef temsal yerzan tanaya (30)-ines akken nnumen qqaren imḍebren-ines.
D gma Ɛmara i d amenzu n tarwa n yemma, d nekk i d-irnan fell-as. Ɛmara d isem-is i d tikli-s, d yiwen n uqcic agerful ur nesɛi la deg wul la deg uqerruy, win iɛeddan ad t-ikellex. Yettarra-tt kan i wučči neɣ i yimeṭṭi. Tizzya-s merra rnant-t. Win i s-yefkan isem n Ɛmara ur t-yezgil ara maca lufan i s-iga “Nneya” d isem deg lbidal n “Ɛmara” ala tizgin ara s-d-izeg yerna akken iwata. Mennun d uletma, ur yewwiḍ ara useggas ɣef tudert -iw terna-d d tinilbit fell-i, ɣef waya i ttasmeɣ deg-s mačči d kra, ahat imi ur iyi-teǧǧi ara ad rwuɣ ayefki n yidmaren n yemma d uslaf-nni i nnumeɣ imi iyi-t-tekkes. Dɣa netta mi ttweɛɛaɣ kan ad berneɣ akuṭṭif deg teglimt-is taleqqaqt, nettat ad tebrireḥ amzun yeqqes-itt uzrem; nekk tawwurt ad iyi-teṭṭef melba ma rjiɣ tineggura. Ɣas ma Ɛmara-nneɣ srewseɣ(31)-t ɣer nneya ula d nekk ur xuṣṣeɣ ara ddmeɣ cwiṭ deg-s. Acimi? Acku ḥemmleɣ ad zuxxeɣ i yimeddukal-iw n tallit, s umnaḍ (32) n yixxamen i tesɛa twacult-nneɣ. Nettat meskint ur teksib ula d yiwen nekk ḥessbeɣ deg yixxamen n medden i ugaden Rebbi ǧǧan tawacult n At Meẓyan ad tezdeɣ tujwert. Ur tettɣimi ara aṭas deg yiwen n umkan. Tikkelt ad tt-naf deg tmurt akka i s-neqqar i lɛerc n At Tirrugza i d-izgan deg udrar, deg taddart n Tɣalaḍt, tikkelt-nniḍen ad tt-naf deg uzaɣar wissen deg taddart n Ruḍa wissen deg yiwet seg texlijin Iḍriqen neɣ Tiwririn?
Deg tudrin neɣ tixlijin-a i d-yettwabedren, d imawlan n yemma, xwali, yefka-aɣ-ten lḥal i ileddin tiwwura n yixxamen-nsen akken ad teddari twacult n At Meẓyan.
Imiren ṭṭrad ɣas ma diri-t mačči d ayen yelhan maḍi, yessazzal idammen n yimdanen, yesgujjul igerdan, ittarra tilawin d tuǧǧal ɣas ma mazal-itent meẓẓiyit, lxersum yal axxam ad s-yefk tunṭict-is n leḥzen mebla ma yettu yiwen maca yella wayen yelhan deg-s. Ṭṭrad diɣen, iteẓẓu tagmat gar yimdanen, wa yettall (33) wa, yiwen ur ittak afus deg wayeḍ, yiwen ur itett kra ma yeqqim gma-s neɣ lǧar-is akken.
Tuggdi n ṭṭrad tettban ghef wudem..
Ayen i sen-ikkes urumi ttafen-t gar-asen. Dɣa ula d tamezduɣt kifkif, win iweɛɛan yesddari win ur nesɛi ad ig leqrar i twacult-is, mačči sya lḥif ad yexdem rray-is, syin Fransa ad texdem ayla-s. Annect-a yenna-t-id umssnaw Karl Marx mi d-yerza ɣer At Tirrugza akken ad yejji acku yusa-d yuḍen.D ṭṭbib-is i t-id-iceyyɛen ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel, tamurt n ubeḥri aḥlawan akken ad yaf iman-is. Yenna deg wawal-is yeqqimen d ussin (34) ar ass-a: “Leqbayel neɣ Imaziɣen s umata ulac d acu ara sen-slemdeɣ deg tnemla (35), timetti-nsen d tanemla s timmad-is”. Ma d nekk meskin ur nessin, mazal ur frizeɣ ara timsal, ixxamen n medden rriɣ-ten d ayla-nneɣ.
Tawacult-nneɣ ur tezmir ara ad teqqim aṭas deg yiwen n umkan, mačči d ayen yellan deg ufus-is acku imdanen bḍan ɣef sin n yiḥricen. Llan wid yelhan, ɣur-sen ul zeddigen d neyya yesfan, llan diɣ wid yuɣen abrid anemgal (36). Wigi d ixabiten, zznuzun atmaten-nsen i Fransa. Jeddi, baba-s n yemma Ṭawes, d amjahed ameqqran, yeffeɣ seg yimezwura s adrar akken ad yennaɣ mgal iserdasen (37) n Fransa i yettnadin fell-as s teftilt ad t-id-ṭṭfen. Ɣef waya, anda tebɣu tili twacult n At Meẓyan ad d-dlun lɛeskar n Fransa fell-as. Qqaren-as ɣer da i d-irezzu Buḥu Ubelluḍ, akka i d isem n ṭṭrad n jeddi, itett imensi yerna tettakem-as aɛwin yettawi-t yid-s.
Yiwen wass wissen anwa i iqerḍen d akken Buḥu Ubelluḍ iɛedda s axxam n yelli-s i izedɣen deg texlijt n Tewririn tama n umalu (38) n Tzerrajt. Ass-nni alaḥal ad yeɣli yiṭij, lɛeskar n Fransa nutni d lḥerka ɣlin-d d aglaf ɣef texlijt tameɣbunt n Tewririn. Rran srid (39) s axxam n At Meẓyan. I yellan iḍ-nni ala yemma Ṭawes d yemma Faḍma, akka i s-ssawaleɣ i yaya, tameṭṭut n Buḥu amjahed d watmaten-iw. Baba Qasi, yuɣ-it lḥal yettidir d iminig deg tmurt n Fransa. Kecmen-d s zzdiḥ lemkaḥel deg yifassen s tyitiwin n rkul ɣef tewwurt tameḍbubt yebḍan d iceqqfan s tyita tamezwarut.
- Anda-t ufellaga Buḥu? I iɛeyyeḍ yiwen n userdas, d netta i d aqerruy n terbaɛt taɛsekrit, ɣer yimeẓẓuɣen n yemma Faḍma yedduqqsen. Tǧelleb meskint s igenni am teqcict tamecṭuḥt nettat tɛedda xemsin.
- Ulac-it da, a-t-an deg udrar, i s-terra yemma Faḍma mi s-yekkes uxlaɛ.
Yiwen wanzi (40) yeqqar: “Win yeqqes urẓaẓ yettarra zɛaf ɣef yibẓaẓ”. Mi ẓran s tidet ulac Buḥu Ubelluḍ din ɣlin ɣef leqcac n uxxam, ur ǧǧin yiwet n tɣawsa ad teqqim akken tebded. Rẓan bufraḥ, rẓan taccuyt, rẓan ifenǧalen d wayen-nniḍen… Yiwen n uɛsekri i wimi ḥercent taṭṭucin-is iwala yiwet n twinest (41) tecreḍ deg yiwet n teɣmert n tɣerɣert. Din din yessawel i uɣella-(42)ines, winna yusa-d yeṭallay anda i s-yettwehhi userdas-nni. Nwan akk d tadimt n yiwen uxemmuj ameqqran, ahat daxel-is i yeffer Buḥu Ubelluḍ.
Kkren fell-asen ɣer uɣizi n tɣerɣert s nnuba acku yeqqur wakal-is d ikenken. Ddan azal n lmitra d agessar, uɣalen ḥsan d akken agelzim, tikkelt tamezwarut i yurar din. Ḥebsen aɣizi, kkren suhlen. At uxxam mi ten-id-tuɣal tiqqit n yidammen ɣef wudmawen-nsen cehden acḥal d abrid.
Axemmem-nsen amezwaru yerra srid ɣer terbut n usɣar. Ayɣer? Ziɣen kra din akk d yemma Ṭawes, mi d-tuɣ tarbut, asɣar-is d amaynut, i wakken ur yettfelliq ara tekker teɣma-tt s kra n leḥwal i tessen kan nettat, gar-asen yella ufarez n tmellalt. Mi tfukk aɣmay, tkubb tarbut-nni teǧǧa-tt akken ddaqqes ad qqaren yifuras (43) i s-terra. Teqqim akken wissen acḥal n wussan, mi tt-id-terfed ad tt-tessired teǧǧa-d ɣef tɣerɣert ticreḍt igan am twinest. D tawinest-a i d-yecreḍ yimi n terbut yeɣman ɣef tɣerɣert i nwan yiserdasen n Fransa d tawwurt n labri.
Mi ssawḍeɣ xemsa n yiseggasen deg tudert-iw tawacult-nneɣ tufa-d iman-is tezdeɣ deg Buqelɛa, yiwet n texlijt ur neggug (44) ara aṭas ɣef taddart n Ruḍa. Ruḍa d amkan i ibeɛden cwiṭ ɣef temdint n Tzerrajt.
Imiren, imjuhad gar-asen jeddi, Buḥu Ubelluḍ d gma-s Dadda Lḥasen, ttasen-d meḥsub yal iḍ ɣer Buqelɛa ad ččen imensi deg telwit.
Uɣen tannumi rezzun-d ɣer din acku tteklen yiwen ur ten-izznuzu, deg laman i llan.
Taddart n Ruḍa mačči d tameqqrant, taxlijt tɛedda-as ma d taddart ur tewwiḍ ara. Teḍra yid-s am taɣaḍt-nni n Jeḥḥa nettat tfukk akk ala aglim ɣef yiɣsan. Mi tt-yewwi ɣer ssuq ad tt-izzenz yiwen n umsewweq ur d-yezzi fell-as akken ad s-tt-isawem, ad tt-walin kan ad kemmlen abrid-nsen. Jeḥḥa d Jeḥḥa, ixemmem, ixemmem yedla ɣer lǧib-is yeddem-d lmitra, yis-s yebda yettqissi taɣaḍt-nni ines ifukken. Ad iwexxer fell-as snat n lmitrat ad d-yuɣal ɣur-s ad tt-iqiss seg yixef n uqamum-is ɣer yixef n tseṭṭa-s, ad yuɣal diɣen ɣer deffir ad tt-id-iṭill netta adaḍ-is ires ɣef nnaḍer-is amzun yettxemmim, ad yuɣal ɣer tbeɛbuct-is tis snat tikkal ad tt-iqiss seg tama wadda almi d tama ufella. Kra din akk i ixeddem ur yensir ara ɣef yimsewwqen i d-izzin am umeqyas ɣef Jeḥḥa d taɣaḍt-is.
Ttemsteqsayen d acu i ixeddem akka Jeḥḥa, yiwen ur yegzi d acu i sen-d-ittheggi win yennumen ittkellix-iten. Yiwen seg yimsewwqen-nni ɛni tawnaft (45)-is tugar tiyiḍ yekker yuɣ taɣaḍt n Jeḥḥa maca s ccerṭ, ad s-d-imel ayɣer i yettqissi taɣaḍt-is. Jeḥḥa mi d-yeṭṭef isurdiyen-is yenna i winna yugin ad yesber: “Mi ttqissiɣ taɣaḍt-iw, qqareɣ-as win ad tt-yaɣen wissen ma d-yekkes seg-s azal n dderbuka neɣ azal n ubendayer!”
Ihi, taddart n Ruḍa ɣur-s yiwen n lǧamaɛ yebna deg ṭṭerf n tmeqbert i d-yettbanen mebɛid d tiẓgi n yisekla n umadaɣ. Almi ara tawḍeḍ ɣer din ɣur-s ara k-id-sfiqen yiẓra i d-yeffɣen nnig n tmurt, derren sin sin, wigi d inciben n yiẓekwan, gar-asen mɣin-d yisekla (46) n umadaɣ s leǧdari.
Deg lǧameɛ-a n taddart n Ruḍa i ɣriɣ nekk d gma Ɛmara i tikkelt tamezwarut deg uɣerbaz ma nezmer ad s-nessemi i lǧameɛ-a aɣerbaz.
Ma tkecmeḍ ɣer daxel-is ilaq-ak ad tekkseḍ isebbaḍen-ik ma ɣur-k zher telsiḍ-ten-id, tiɣimit ɣef yigertyal yessan ɣef tɣerɣert iselɣen s wakal.
Inelmaden yemgarraden deg laɛmer mi ara d-kecmen tanezzayt (47) ɣer tneɣrit (48) ssalayen-d aɣebbar ad s-tiniḍ d tagut n tegrest. Ccix, d asemmiḍ neɣ d azɣal, s ubernus amellal, aɛekkaz deg ufus, yettɣimi ɣef yiman-is, uɛrur-is isenned ɣer lḥiḍ amellal. Yettmal-d kra n tefyar n tsurtin n Leqran, awal n Rebbi. Inelmaden ttalsen-d deffir-s i wayen i d-yeqqar. Mi ara fakken leɛyaḍ-nsen, yal wa s taɣect i s-d-ifka Rebbi ttuɣalen ɣer tira n tsuret i ɣran ass-nni, wissen d “Lḥemdu” wissen d “Qulhu wellahu” ɣef telwiḥt s smex aberkan. Azekka-nni mi ara d-uɣalen, ilaq ad d-awḍen ḥefḍen tasuret-nni i ɣran iḍelli neɣ ma ulac asɣar ad yexdem ccɣel-is; ad d-iwwet ubandu n lfalaqat ɣef win yestehzan ur d-yelmid ara tamsirt (49)-is. Nekk d gma Ɛmara s tidet ur neẓri tigert, amzun nekcem albaɛḍ n tmura ur nessin. Ur iban ara akk ma yella d leqraya i neqqar neɣ d ayen-nniḍen nekk d Ɛmara neɣ d aẓuru i nettẓuru lǧameɛ melba lewɛadi. Lxersum, nekk ur d-ṭṭifeɣ awal seg wayen akk i ɣ-d-iqqar uselmad. Ma d Ɛmara meskin yettarra-tt kan i taḍsa, iban ula d netta ur t-id-tecqi ara leqraya n Ruḍa. Ula d ccix ifhem-aɣ, yiwen wass ur aɣ-d-yenni la zzant la rɣant.
Cwit i telwiht, cwit i terwiht…


text:
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen (Front des Forces socialistes, FFS) d akabar asertay i yellan di Tmurt n leqbayel; yettwaxleq-ed deg 1963 s iffassen n Ḥusin At Ḥmed.
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen d amaslad deg Anemlay Agraɣlan (Socialist International).
Amezruy n ukabar yetteqqen s amezruy n amalway Lhocine At Aḥmed yettnaɣen ɣef asgdud n Ledzayer sennig n 40 isegassen aya. Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen ur tekcim ara deg tafrant n teselwit deg 2002.
Tamselyut[beddel]
- http://www.ffs-dz.com/ Tuqqna n ukabar
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen (Front des Forces socialistes, FFS) d akabar asertay i yellan di Tmurt n leqbayel; yettwaxleq-ed deg 1963 s iffassen n Ḥusin At Ḥmed.
Tirni n Iɣallen Inemlayen d amaslad dy Anemlay Agraɣlan (Socialist International).
Amezruy n ukabar yetteɣɣen s amezruy n amalway Lhocine At Aḥmed yettnaɣen ɣef asgdud n Ledzayer sennig n 40 isegassen aya. Tirni n Iɣallen Inemlayen ur tekcim ara dy tafrant n teselwit dy 2002.


text:
Cilmun
Cilmun d agummu (lfakya) i d-ittak yimYi iwumi qqaren medden ariḥan. ImYi ayi llan daYen wid i yas-iqqaren tacilmunt.
Tineḍwa[beddel]
Cilmun, illa win rẓayen, illa win ẓiden. D aẓidan i tteYẓaẓen imeksawen. Ur d-iwwi yara ad astuqqet yiwen d učč-is, acku iḥettel.
ImYi ines[beddel]
ImYi ayyi n uriḥan iṭṭuqet deg tama n wagrakal (Mediterranean Sea) n wadda d tin n ufella. D ajeğğig-is mellulen, m'ara ad ilal i yettuYalen berrik-it m'ara yaweṭ neY yew, iwumi qqaren medden cilmun. Taqbaylit tferreq yar uriḥan (imYi) yakkid d cilmun (agummu). Ariḥan itekkar-ed, iman-is, deg teẓgi: Ur ad t-iteẓẓu bunadem ur ad t-ineqqc, ur ad isewway.
Timeskert[beddel]
- Ariḥan ẓeṭṭen innaḍen yes iqerṭiyal d tiqerṭiyyal.
- D ifer n imYi ayi n uriḥan i tessun medden Yer lqae n uẓekka, ass m’ara tili tmettant.
- Ass n leid tameẓyant – ass ideg ttawṭen medden wid d tid i yasen-immuten, d aya i yettawin yidsen. Ass aneggaru n remṭan, truḥun madden truẓen-ed ariḥan, i ttarzen d taqebbiṭ meẓẓiyen. Ad ines. Azekkuyen, zik, aqbel ad tali tafat, ttekaren wid ara yeftun (ruḥen) Yer temṭelṭ - deg leewayed i yfettun d tameqrant n wexxan. Ad awin yidsen lqahwa, ayefki d tkeekucin yakkid d uriḥan i d-rẓan iṭ izrin. Akken ara wṭenṭ lxalat Yer temṭelṭ, ad kkent yak Yef yiẓekwan n wid d tid i yasent-ed-ikkan. Yal tikkelt m’ara wṭenṭ Yer yiwen n uẓekka, ad selment Yef win / tin yemmuten, ad mmeslayent yides s teYzef n taYect, ad rnunt as-sersent taseṭṭa n uriḥan.
- M’ara ad d-fakkent yak d wid d tid nsent, ad qlent Yer wid d tin i tent-id-iqerben, alamma kkant-ed yak fell-asen(t), imir ad sersent iman nsent Yef tama n uẓekka n win neY n tin yemmutend taneggarut, ad ksent lqahwa, ayefki d tkeekucin i yed-wwint yidsent, ad as-sqahwint, s tudrin (reminding) n w(t)in yemmuten. (Anect-ayi skurent medden deg Bgayet.)
Amawal[beddel]
- Tineḍwa (sing. tanḍa) - Variety
- Timeskert,< sker = to do) - Usage. Syn. Aseqdec.
- Innaḍen,(sing. ineḍ - craftsman)
Astenyi inu[beddel]
--Wikamezzay (talk) 11:57, 8 Wamber 2013 (UTC)


text:
Takfarinas agellid
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- ASEFHAM : Ma tettnadiḍ Takfarinas, anaẓur n ccna, ruḥ ar Takfarinas Ḥsen Zermani
Takfarinas yella d aqerru n trad mgal Rruman di tidmi amenzu baɛd talalit n Ɛisa (yemmut deg useggas 24).
Isem-is s tlaṭinit d Tacfarinas (ljenitif Tacfarinatis), anamek-is d "win n Takfarin" wissen yella Takfarin (neɣ Tikfarin) d isem n teddart ansi d-yekka.
Takfarinas yella d aserdas aqbur n lɛasker n Rruman. Yessemlal-d kra iserdasen yid-es, u ffYen-d si lɛasker n Rruman, anda ruḥen ad nnaYen mgal ugellid n Muritanya Yuba II, i ḥesben ixeddem ilmend Rruman, u d wigi i t-yesulin ar udabu n tgelda n TmazYa.
Mi eeddan 7 iseggasen n trad, yuYal yenYa-t lkunsul n Rruman di TmazYa Dolabella.
Iɣbula[beddel]
- Tacitus, Annales, II–IV