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Iwadan i ihelken s waṭansyu, deɣya swaẓẓaḍen ɣer ddwa t‑idd‑ishekkwan. Maca twarrit n taynit i sseḥḥet, tzemmard ad t‑idd‑ssehwa xir zi ddwa.Cwayt n zziyar waha. Ijj n weḍbib zeg usinag Aliman n wul, yemmal‑aneɣ‑dd mamek ɣa negg a t‑idd‑nessehwa bla ddwawat.
Hypertonus d weni d lehlak I wesɛen aṭṭas di min yeqqnen ɣer waṭansyu, 30% n yewdan ɣer‑sen aṭansyu yuɛɛla, mana izemmer ad yekk imxumbal deg iẓuran, niɣ ad isbedd ul. Imehlak swaẓẓaḍen ɣer ddwawat, maḥend ad ssehwan aṭansyu‑nsen. Maca asinag aliman n wul, ittic‑aneɣ‑dd ca n tmeslayin nneɣni i zi nzemmer a nḍebber deg waṭansyu, bla ddwa.
“aṭṭas n imehlak ittas‑asen‑dd yeqseḥ ad rren taynit i sseḥḥet‑nsen” yeqqar Dr. med. Bernhard Schwaab. Anhezzi, rraḥet n tnefsit d macca isebḥen, d wenni d ddsas n ugenfi.
Tikli d arryaḍa d tenni iḥeṭṭan aṭṭas qaɛ zi Hypertonus. Cwaytn unhezzi kul nhar, issettu deg imunas, yessettu di ttebliyyat (am girru) amek yettɣastar inirji. Timmendorfer Amɣar n Yeḍbiben di klinika n Curschmann ifessel i yewdan i yexsen ad ssehwan aṭansyu bla ddwa, di xemsa n tmeslayin.
1‑ Aṭṭas n unhezzi, drust n uɣimi
Anhezzi (tikli, arryaḍa…) yesleqqa maci x wul, ula x walli. Tikli mkul nhar tzemmar ad tessehwa ar 10mmHg deg waṭansyu ameqran ‑Anict n n min dd‑ɣa‑yessehwa ddwa‑.
Maca al ḥama tuzzled maraṭun, ɛad i ɣa tqerr. Tzemmard ad tebdid s drust, niɣ s arryaḍa di tella ɣana, xmi ɣa tennam arrimt, ataf wer tzemmar ad tesbed. Manaya ixessa ad yili s wemsawal aked weḍbib waha, d ḥeṭṭu n lmizan n waṭansyu.
Iḍbiben twessan s 10 ar 15 n tminutin n arryaḍa 5 n twalatin di simana. Ixessa arryaḍa‑ya wer zeg‑s iteqqef nnefs, wer tetteg bu leḥriq deg yeḍmarn niɣ di lemfasel. Mala txeddmed aṭṭas s uɣimi (lbiru), ixessa mkul twalat ad ttenhezzid cwayt. Anhezzi maci i wi ihelken waha, ula d wenni yellan s sseḥḥet‑nnes mliḥ, ixessa ad ittnekkar ad yeggur.
2‑ Sbedd girru
Girru yettwaḥsab d lesbab ameẓwar n qaɛ lehlakat n wul d uxenzir (Kansir), maci wi t‑ikemman waha, la wi yettcemman ddexxan nnes waha. Wi iqeṭṭɛen girru, ixessa ad yerr taynit wer irenni di lewzen. Mala wer tkemmid, ɛemmars wer txarres ad tebdid. Mala tzemmard a das tbeɛded, ad trebḥed aṭṭas, uli i waṭansyu waha, maca isseḥḥet amen tekmel.
3. Senqes di ssukar d tmellaḥt
Prof. Dr. Med. Bernard Schwaab d merra iḍbiben n wul, ttwessan iwdan ad ccen macca n tmura dd‑yenḍen i lebḥar acemlal. Kuzina n wagrakal tebna x fruta d lxuḍert. Claḍa, lḥebb, aslem deg umkan n weksum, zzitun d leɛcub deg umkan n tmellaḥt. Di cwayt‑a n yiwalen ittic Dr Schwaab tabridt n macca. Tamellaḥt tessazaɣ arrimet, manaya yessalay aṭansyu.
D manaya i dawem ɣa iweqɛen mala teksem x weksum!
Macca tasebḥant tettɛawan ɣer ḥeṭṭu n lmizan, minzi tadunt di rrimt aṭṭas, d lesbab amezwar n waṭṭanen iɛeffanen marra.
Tisit di yella sukkar am lɛasir niɣ Munaḍa, ixessa ad tettwakkes zi kumpra, la d macca iwejden amenni. Danun, Ketchup niɣ ssusis. Inni wer di tt‑netteg qaɛ, nettaf ccuren s ssukar d tmellaḥt, bla lqanun. Qbel ma anseɣ ca n macca tɣellef ixess a nɣer min deg‑s qaɛ.
4. Kkes aɛeddis
Macca tasebḥant d unhezzi ttɛawanen ɣer ḥeṭṭu n lmizan. La ccrab ixess a zeg‑s sneqsen inni t‑isessen. Minzi la d netta irenni di lmizan.
Tzemmard ad tadfed da ad tesned cḥal ixessa wer tɛeddud di lmizan Body-Mass-Index (BMI)
Aṭṭas n trezzutin ufin belli wi ɣa yesneqsen 5kg di lmizan ishekkwad akid‑s 3‑4mmHg deg waṭansyu ameẓẓyan ‑Anict n min dd‑ihekkʷa s ddwawat‑
Tadunt i deqqsen x uɛeddis d ij n umxumbel d ameqran, (“viszerale Adipositas”) Tadunt‑a txeddem ca n ihurmunen itteggen awezwez (Inflammation). Mkul akilu niɣ d asantim d nnaqes yettwaḥsab d lefḍel i sseḥḥet.
5. Senqess deg imunas
Imunas xmi dd‑ttmunan, ssalayen ssukar, d waṭansyu. Insulin ittmerni deg iḍammen, ul yeccat deɣya deɣya. Maca maci imunas wahai itteggen imxumbal‑a. Ra mala wer tetticed arraḥet i tnefsit.
Sseḥḥet n tnefsit tetteg leɛjeb di rrimet, ixessa ad tessemquddid jer Wemnus d arraḥet: Tamusiqt, tiɣuri, arrsem ccḍiḥ, tteqsayer aked t*imeddukal, lxedmet di tmesmunt, niɣ asenneɛ n ca n lḥajet. Ttwessan zeg‑s yeḍbiben n wul. Ula d min iskalmaren am Yoga yessbaḥ i tikkest n imunas.
Dr. Schwaab yeqqar belli leɛgez d wenni d lehlak aɛeffan. Wenni yexsen ad yedder mliḥ, bla ddwawat, ixess ad yewc ddɛen ad ibeddel mamek itetter. Ca n twalatin yessbaḥ yewdan idi yella lehlak yemrawas ad mselqan di ca n tmesmunt, a kid‑sen ilin yeḍbiben, a dasen mmalen abrid n sseḥḥet tasebḥant.
Timesmunin ttwaxelqent ad xedment iwdan s qaɛ min deg‑sen d amnus. Aneggar n wawal, Sseḥḥet tasebḥant teqqen ɣer lmizan, lmizan n rrimet, d lmizan jer daxel‑nneɣ, d berra !
Ɣer ɛawed: Mayen umi ineffeɛ weɣẓaẓ, i wul waha ?
Tala:
Deutsche Herzstiftung: Blutdruck auf natürliche Weise senken: in fünf Schritten (veröffentlicht: 20.10.2021), herzstiftung.de
Deutsche Hochdruckliga e.V.: Bluthochdruck wirksam bekämpfen (Abruf: 21.10.2021), hochdruckliga.de


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Tilelli n wawal. D ijen tesɣart di tudert ad yini uterras min yexs mani ma yexs, ad yefser tmuɣri‑nnes di tmeslayin i yellan merra, s wawal, s tira niɣ/ra s tteswirt. Bla ma yegga xaf‑s ḥedd aɣil, a t-yini niɣ wer t-yeqqar.
Tilelli n wawal d ijjten tesɣart zeg izerfan n yewdan, Tettili di ddustur n tmurt aked ddsass n izerfan n imezdaɣ‑nnes, urid d lqanun n ccreɛ waha. Ḥima wer t‑tbeddil lḥukuma, a zay-s tekref ijurnalisten, d yewdan i yexsen ad inin ca n wawal wer das-yeɛjib.
Di min yeqqnen s waṭṭas ɣer Tlelli n wawal, din tilelli n uneɣmis. Aneɣmis ilelli, d maḥend a ɣer‑s tawḍed, ɛemmers ad yili bla tilelli n wawal. Xmi ittaɣ ddustur x tɣuni n tmenna (Censorship), lḥukuma wer tettif minzi ɣa teqqen tiwura x ineɣmisen.
Di tmura i wer yellin d tidiktaturiyyin, tettili tɣuni n tmenna s jjehd n ddustur, memnuɛ.
Asijji x umezruy
Awal x yizref‑a yebda awarn i tegrawla n 1688 deg Uglanzi, dinni i ggin lqanun n:
« Tlelli n wawal deg uberlaman. Di tseqqar n wegdud di Fransa 1789 Artikel wiss 11:
«un des droits les plus précieux de l’Homme »
|« d ijen tesɣart n yewdan tiɣla»
Di lweqt‑a, tasɣart‑a d tenni d ddsas n tdimuqratit di ddunit.
Evelyn Beatrice Hall tura x Voltaire:
“I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”
« Wer qbileɣ, min tennid, maca ad mmteɣ x tesɣart-nnec, ad tinid min texsed »
Malla nerni nedwel ɣer deffar, nettaf John Stuart Mill (1806 – 1873) zeg imezgura i yessiwlen x izref n wawal mani yenna:
|« Malla merra yewdan di ddunit ɣer‑sen ijjen tmuɣri, uca din ijjen ɣer‑s Tmuɣri temṣebḍa akid‑s. Malla nessusem ijjen nni, attaf axmi ijjen-nni yeqqen aqemmum i ddunit merra, malla ɣer‑s jjehd »
Tilelli n wawal di Legnus:
Di Fransa ini min texsed ari min texsed, wer ssiɣa timessi jer legnus, wer tteẓẓu tukkarhi deg ugḍuḍ. Arrasa d ddin d yixḍar Azfi (sexuality). Aṭṭas n Ukritik i Fransa zeg yinni i yeddafaɛen x izerfan n yewdan, ttwalan Fransa tetteg lferz. Teqqen x wawal x ca n tmeslayin, maca x ca nniḍen lla.
Aliman di « Grundgesetz » i yellan d ddustur‑nnes, ittic di Artikel 5 azref n wawal d tmuɣri. Maca yebna leḥyuḍ am yenni n Fransa, rni ɣer‑sen ittaɣ x ‘kruc iqewsen n tnazit.’
Tibridin‑a mrawasent deg waṭṭas n tmura n Uruppa tacerqit d tɣerbit, mkul ijj d leḥyuḍ-nnes, din mani ktaren, din mani udrusen. Timura n waɛraben waxxa idusturen-nsent ssawalen x izerfan n wawal d tmuɣri, nzemmar a nini ssawalen x-as kter zi tmura n irumiyen. Maca ɛad leḥbusat-nsent ccuren s ijurnalisten, d yewdan i yennan ca n wawal wer yeɛjib i lmexzen.
Zzat i Ccinwa d Iran d Nordkoria, i yellan d ineggura di lista n tmura i itticcen tilelli ad tinid min texsed, nettaf din Ssaɛud, Yaman, Surya, Libya.
Tammurt‑nneɣ:
Ddustur n Lmeɣrib iḍemmen tilelli n wawal d tjurnalit. Di tidet, aṭṭas n wekraf i yettwaggen i tlelli‑ya, s jjehd n lqanun ɛad. Aɛmud i tteggen ipulisen, tikkest n arruxsat n ijurnalen, d wefray i yettwaggen x tlibizyun, itticc ijjen teswirt i wegdud ad yessen min wer yeqqar.
Neẓra deg iseggusa‑ya ineggura min yemsarn aked Lḥirak n Arif. Awal niɣ aneɣmis waha x umussu ittawi ɣer wekraf, mani ɛad malla tfeḍḥed timegga n lmexẓen. Min ittemsaren ɛawed di sseḥra, yerwes waxxa ɣir cwayt di Arif, malla tennid awal wer itteɛjiben i lmexzen, a cek-jemɛen.
Malla teffɣed tabridt i yegga lmexzen n tjurnalit (i das‑yeccaten deg wallun), ameknaw Ɛali Anzula, a dak-tyura di lḥebs d webruṣi anict n min t‑iqedden. Deg iseggusa yeɛdan aṭṭas n ijurnalen i yeqqen lmexzen, minzi ssiwlen x leqṣar, niɣ feḍḥen timegga tiɛeffanin n DST. Jer 180 n tmura, Lmuɣrib yus-dd wiss 135 deg umaḍal di tlelli n tjurnalit asegg°as n 2019.
Tilelli 2.0
Agdud yerwel ɣer internet, zegga ira ɛad wer ggin lqanun x tmenna di internet. Mani bdan imeɣnas d yewdan qaɛ ttarin x pulitik di Social Media, dinni yebda ra d lmexzen ad issewjed iseɣwan. Asufeɣ n lqanun i ikerrfen tilelli n wawal d uneɣmis, ixeddem tiẓi n lmexzen d ilubiten (lobbyist) i yeṭṭfen tamurt, zi ttajir aneggar ar ajellid.
Tiɣuni x wawal di ddin, tus-dd aked umussu n 20 brayer 2011, minzi imɣewɣen i iyuran di ssaḥet ttuɣa rezzun tilelli n ddin, dinni yenna wemɣar n lḥubus belli wenni ɣa ibeddlen ddin-nnes ixess ad ittwaneɣ. Ddustur i dd-yusin d amaynu, yegga ipilaren i ddewla, zay-sen ajellid, ddin, d tmunt n tmurt. Tina i yedwel ittaf‑iten lmexzen d tabridt a zag‑sent yekref agdud, xmi wer das-ittif minxef.
Aṭṭas n ijurnalisten i yettwatṭfen minzi nnan ca n wawal wer yeɛjib i lmexzen, aṭṭas n iḥudriyen aqqa-ten di lḥebs x tzemmimin n facebook. Ijjen zag‑sen yudef x Like yegga‑t i tteswirt n Nasser Zefzafi.
Tameggarut n lqanun i dd-yessufuɣ uberlaman, yeqqar belli malla tɛeyybed sselɛet n Lmuɣrib ad tadfed leḥbes ad txellsed abruṣi yemɣar, manaya yejja ddunit tejjiwen x Lmuɣrib taḍeḥḥakt.
X imuntifen d jjdid, ṭṭfen ɛawed ajurnalist Ɛumar Raḍi!
Mkul ayur niɣ d asegguas ad yeffeɣ ca n wamun d ameḍlan s ca n arrapur (tteqrir) yessawal x wekraf di Lmuɣrib. Amnesty deg uyur n brayer yeɛdun, tekritika axḍaf i yegga lmexẓen i waṭṭas n imeɣnas ssiwlen x ujellid niɣ ca n lwazir niɣ d ca n uxeddam n ddewla. Xmi i ten‑tteṭṭfen ttahamen-ten s « uxarreq deg ineɣmisen », niɣ s uzeɛzeɛ n lehna n tmurt, niɣ belli kksen taqcurt x ujellid.

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D timlilit ideg ara d-Yren s leeyaḍ neY « à la Muḥya » deg wezniq, kra n tukkisin seg wayen d-yesker deg isefra yakkd umezgun n tmezgunin imeqqranen n ddunit d-yesmuḥyet Yer teqbaylit.
Ssi Nistri, ssi Funi, lalla Mjilat, Maître Budima Meeeahu, Piluca, Ḥlima n tala, jeddi Yebrahim, wiyaḍ d tiyaḍ, d ismawen swayes ara yemsalwalen gar-asen waṭas n yemdanen ger widak d-iheggan timlilit-agi ass-nni deg webrid(rue) d’Amboise di Lpari tis-snat, anida yella yesea Muḥya taḥanut-is zik-nni. Timlilt-agi a d-tili ass n 01.11.2010 Si 10:30 alamma 13:30
Mi ara tekfu tYuri n tukkisin n kra seg wayen d-yesker, ad mlilen akk widak yellan din zdat wanida yesea taḥanut, ad ssiYen ticemmaein, ad ssersen ijeğğigen, a d-ssiwlen isefra fell-as neY ad cnun s umata kra si tezlatin yettwazegren s isefra n Muḥya am « Uh ya ddin qessam »…atg.
Iqbayliyen akk ara yilin ass-nni dinna, d nutni i d imezwura ara yemserbaḥen gar-asen akka: « Taskelmuḥyet tameggazt ».
Muḥya d taqbaylit, taqbaylit d Muḥya.


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Amenferriw awraɣ
Amenferriw awraɣ neɣ Turiɣt (Assaɣ ussnan: Spinus spinus, Zik nni: Carduelis spinus) d yiwet n telmest n igṭaṭ igan d iminig s talɣa tamurant. Aylal-a yeṭṭafar tawacult n tbenferriwin
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Amenferriw awraɣ iga d yiwen gar telmas meẓẓiyen yakk deg twacult n ibenferriwen anda ableɣ-is amnummsan 12 cm. Am ifrax am imawaṭen tifekkiwin-nsen d tid yeččuren. Afriwen-nsen d iberkanen yakk d uzawag d awraɣ uddir (afessas) ma d tameccact neɣ tadfart d tawraɣt tezzegzu
Amenferriw awraɣ d win yettemcabin ar temzemleft
Timeẓrit n uwtem[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Awtem ila (yesɛa) tacacit d tamart d iberkanen. Timmiwin n deffir d tiwraɣin ma d imuyag-is d izegza
Timeẓrit n tewtemt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tawtemt ur tli ara (ur tesɛi ara) tacacit berriken. Yerna ur tella ara d taberbact am uwtem


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Da kuẓ n tewlafin, mkul tawlaft uriɣ xaf-s ijjt n tseddart n tira d tanfust.
Amen uriɣ tira nnit, ula d tiwlafin swelfeɣ-tent-id -nnit. Mamec temsar al ami tent‑uriɣ? Kkiɣ mɣar drust n wussan wer ẓṛiɣ amcan-a uca zzuɣemteɣ- t awlayelleh, mani ead mala kkiɣ abarru n iseggusa! Amen tettwalam tiwlafin beddant-idd zeg webrid, awern-as ijjt n tsawent niɣ anemgal nnes (Contre) taksart, awern-as ijjt n tseklut n wurtu, awern-as ijjt n tsellya. tasellya-a swelfeɣ-tt tiwecca-nnes umi ttuɣa hekkʷiɣ ɣer lebḥer. Manaya uriɣ-t umi ḍriɣ deg webrid ad alyeɣ ɣar ddcar, uca mkul mma ẓṛiɣ ijjt n temcant zi tina da tettwalam ili tarzef-dd ɣari tnustaljit-nsent.
Da…
Da manis d-qeḍeeɣ abrid x weɣyul, ccateɣ-as s inarzawen ɣer iɣezdisa ḥuma ad iḍleq i tecli wer d-xafi areggbent ttumubilat zi jjihet n wadday d jjihet n nnej. da!
Da, di teksart-a, mani zzag-i yehwa weɣyul ḥuma ad yekk arriḥet i umessal nnes, uca ḥṛuṭṭfeɣ-as-dd x tbarda, kkiɣ-as-dd x yili, ssuṛeɣ-as ɣar iḍaṛen. da di teksart-a!
Umi ɣriɣ azwel n wungal « Ussan inderyeɣ s adu lalla turtut » n umaru « Muṣtafa qaḍawi » d wa d amcan amezwaru i dag-i-dd yusin ɣar lbal. S adu tseklut-a mecḥal da ẓẓleɣ! Mecḥal da irareɣ! Ttuɣa kkareɣ ttemcumbuḍeɣ akid-s, xenni tbeddel aṭṭas, rid ammu i ttuɣa tella, ttuɣa tiriw, teccur s wafar, tettneyruru, tessdel maṛṛa x tmurt d-yusin x iɣezdisa-nnes.
Da, di tsellya-ya, da mani letxeɣ s uḥṛulleḍ n ddɣel n teksart, umi tuɣa nhekkʷa ɣer lebḥer d tiseḍmiwin. ij n uḍaṛ yennjer aked ubadu, yiweḍ al tisi n tsellya, ij yeqqim sennej, uca qqimen idammen ttazzlen wer lli wi ten‑ɣa‑yesbedden, agezzim d ameqqran maca deɣya yejber s waman imellaḥen.
Tifezwin, 11-12 / Yuluyuz / 2019


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Tewweḍ tamella n Yuc, tnaẓurt-a, ass n 10 Ɣuct 2020, ɣer 99 n yiseggasen. Tlul s yisem n Khadidja Benaida deg 1921 deg temdint n Ɛemmi Musa deg twilayt n Tihert yernu tella tettwassen s yisem n tnaẓurt n Nuṛeyya Kazdarli. Tebda amecwaṛ-nnes deg umezgun deg 1945, asmi ay as-yessuter urgaz-nnes, ameṛḥum Mustapha Kazderli, ad teṭṭef adeg n yiwet n tsegbart iɣaben.
D imseḍru Mustapha Badie ay tt-yesbeɣsen akken ad teqqel ɣer tẓuri deg Umezgun Aɣelnaw Azzayri deg 1963, deffir ma tɣab kra n yiseggasen, yernu tudef ɣer tekrut n Mahieddine Bachtarzi aydeg llant daɣ Keltun d Habib Redha d kra n yizeffanen niḍen.
Tewwi-d Nuṛeyya amecwaṛ n 60 n yiseggasen aydeg ay tmuhel ɣer yidis n yismawen d imeqranen n tliẓrit tazzayrit am Farida Saboundji, Chafia Boudraa, Ṛwiced d Ḥasan Lḥsasani.
Menɣir Mustapha Badie wukud ay d-tga mennaw n yimazraren i ṛṛadyu d tliẓrit, Nuṛeyya tmuhel d yimseḍra imeqranen n tegsarut d tliẓrit am Omar Bakhti, Moussa Haddad d Hadj Rahim.
Turar-d deg wugar n 200 n tmezgunin, 160 n yisura n tliẓrit d 4 n yisura iɣezfanen.
Gar temlilin-nnes timeqranin deg tegsarut, yella usaru n « Khoudh maatak Allah » (Awi ayen ay ak-d-yefka Yuc) (1981), « Iḍ yettaggad Tafukt » (1964) akked « Arraw n Teqṣebt » (1963), deg wakud aydeg teflali-d deg tliẓrit deg umazrar n « Al Massir » (Amettwaru) d yifɣulen am « Tislit d Temɣart », « Nettat d Netta » akked « Xalti Ḥnifa ».
Deg umezgun, Nuṛeyya turar-d mennaw n temlilit deg tmesgunin am « Ibeckiḍen n Tyemmat Kerrar », « Tasureft d Ulugen », « Talelluct Tazewwaḍt », « Teryel » akked « Taddart n Bernarada Alba ».
Deffir ma tudef ɣer umezgun aɣelnaw deg 1963, aṭas n tsednan ay d-yernan ɣer yidis-nnes yernu teqqel temlilt n tmeṭṭut tdus deg umezgun azzayri. Deg umezgun, llan ttinin-as « Tajeǧǧigt n Umezgun Azzayri » yernu tedrew, ɣer yidis n Keltum, deg usenfel n tmuɣli n tmetti ɣer tihawt n tmeṭṭut deg tẓurit tis kuẓet (4).
Aɣlif n yidles d tiddukliwin n tẓuri rran-as acḥal n tejmilin. Deg 2017, tettunefk-as tzalɣi n « Umyersi n Teklalit Taɣelnawt » n « Ɛahid » d tajmilt i 60 n yiseggasen ay tekka i lmend n yidles d tẓuri n Zzayer.


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Gar yineḍruyen inmettiyen i d-yeslalayen lḥir d uttqelleq ɣur medden iseggasen-a ineggura, yella win n tirziwin yeṭṭuqqten ɣer yigezzanen, neɣ iderwicen.
Deg usamar n Bgayet, ayendin d imsaɣen i snubguten yal ass yimdanen-a i d-yeqqaren ẓerren imal d wayen ara yeḍrun ɣer sdat. D tulawin, d tullas, d timɣarin neɣ d irgazen, tal tikkelt ad yeɛnu yiwen imeḍqan-a akken ad d-yefru ugur-a neɣ d wa, ɣef tmuɣli-s. Ɣas ulamma, mi nemmeslay d kra n yimdanen ɣef taluft-a, iban-aɣ-d ddeqs seg-sen i iɛennun igezzanen-a akken kan ad bennsen, ad ttheddnen. Yettusemma, ɣas ẓran mačči ɣur ugezzan i tella tbadut i uɣbel-nsen, wanag ttɛemmiden ɣur-sen i umager n wawal aḥlawan, n umiru, d yisalli yessefraḥen. Rran-ten ihi am yimsujjiyen n tnefsit i asen-yettreqqiɛen lxaṭer mi ara yerwi. Ɣur yiɣermanen i iɛebbden iderwicen, tuɣal-asen tigawt d ansay i ilaq ad xedmen yal ayyur, neɣ tal ddurt. « Nekk ɣur-i yella wanida tettqisi tgezzant uɣur rezzun. Teskiddib tikwal d tidet maca tessen. Nekk yal mi ara ḍalleɣ fell-as, ad yers uqerruy-iw », i aɣ-d-tenna yiwet n teḥdayt seg Ayt Smaɛel. Ayen i d-ibanen am umihi, mi uɣalent ula d tiḥdayin ssuggutent rrwaḥ ɣur yigezzanen-a. Zik ala timɣarin, s nniya-nsen i nettwali ɣur-sen, maca tura tikwal ula d irgazen ḥemmlen asuter n tallelt ɣur yimdanen-a. Tarrayin n uqenneɛ n yikelyanen mgaradent ɣur yigezzanen, taɣara n usuter n udrim daɣen. Amedya, mi ara ten-teɛnu teqcict i yettnadin ad tercel, tikwal ssuturen deg-s ugar n umelyun n santim ɣef tikkelt, qqaren-as ad akem-id-yas unexḍab deg wayyur neɣ sin. Taḥdayt, ad teqqim tettgani, idrimen ad ruḥen d timẓin i ičča yilef. « Mačči d ayen i d-yettawin tumert i wul mi ara iwali yiwen amek tella tikli tamirant n tmetti-nneɣ akked yimdanen i tt-yebnan ɣef ukellex. Tallit-a taneggarut, sseḍmiɛen ula d tiḥdayin i yeddan di leɛmer, qqaren-asent buddemt-aɣ-d imelyan ad tzewǧemt deg wayyur neɣ sin. Yesḥissif lḥal imi aṭas i itteddun di tqeffet, ttamnent-ten », i d-yenna yiwen n urgaz.
M. K.


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TAMURT TAQVAYLIT (SIWEL) — Nurdin Ayet Ḥemmuda mmi-s umeɣras ameqqran Ɛmiruc, d win i d-ixedmen ahetwir taggara-ayi ladɣa deg uẓeṭṭa ametti seg mi i d-ieedda di tiliẓri tazzayrit El Ḥayet anda i d-imeslay ɣef umuzruy yecvan « Ɛebd lqader » i d-yenna d lxayen ameqqran n tmurt yerna yesenz Lezzayer i Fransa, akken daɣen i d-yehder ɣef Messali Lḥaǧ akked uselway aqdim n lezzayer Hewari Bumedyen, yenna-d belli ulac kra ixedmen i lfayda i tmurt.
Deg tirza Nurdin Ayet Ḥemmuda ɣer Bakaru iḍellu 26/06/2021 deg usarag i yexdem di tama usamar n Vgayet, Nurdin yerna ihḍer-d ɣef waṭas n wudmawen yecvan Iben Badis, imeslay-d daɣen fell-as belli d win yefkan afud i tesnslemt d tieurevt deg wakal n tmazɣa. Anect-a dayen i d-isersen lɣiḍ ɣef udavu amhersan imi icemmet wid yeḥsev d irgazen yerna yewwi-d tidet ɣef wudmawen-a i rran d irgazen ur wwiḍen.
Deg uvrid n Tuɣalin-ines imi ifuk usarag, yettwaṭṭef di tama n Ticci. Ass-a, ieedda di teɣdemt n Lezzayer, tameddit n wass-a, ḥekmen fell-as s lḥevs leeṭil ɣef wayen i d-imeslay, sbuben-as belli d win yekkaten akken ad izrae cwal s imeslayen-is d tmurt.
Amussu n ufraniman MAK, d win ivedden ɣer tama n tidet ɣef umuzruy i d-yenna Nurdin Ayet Ḥemmuda d yiveddi ɣer akk yimeḥvas n tikti d wid akk yettidiren ddaw lḥers udavu amhersan.
SIWEL 272356 JUI 21


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Yesmun-itt-dd Ɛebdelwaḥed ḤENNU
Di min yeɛdun, ttuɣa din ij n teslit, uca deg wass n wurar-nnes, di lḥenni ameqran, amen teqqim di teɣmert, yuzzel uɛeddis-nnes. Maca tessedḥa wi t-ɣa-yinin. teqqim din di teɣmert tettneẓbar, tetteṭṭef ixf-nnes…
Tuḥel ad tẓeyyer, walu! tɣeḍl-iten-dd, uca ttuɣa din ij n tziwa zzat-s, tqebr-itt x-asen.
Tettɣil wer das-yuɣir ḥedd, maca din ijten teẓra-tt, uca teṭṭef allun, tiwi-dd x-as izli-ya:
« Mli t-idd teggid d akeffif,
ili yeɣba, yenta!
Mli t-idd teggid d aẓerriḍ,
Ili imun aked lehwa!
Cem teggid-t-idd d abercic,
Tqebred x-as tziwa! »


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Le Rifain
Saɛid ZIzawi, ijjen zeg imeffɣen n tseddawit aseggas n 96, d ijjen wudem n tɣensa d ubeddi x uḍar d wenhezzi g umussu amaziɣ. Zeg yinni i yessersen ddsas n tmesmunt n Buya di Benṭeyyeb , amen yeksi deg uḍar deg waṭṭas n isuraf n umussu amaziɣ, am tyemmunt n Qaḍi Qeddur…
Deg yijjen wemsawal-nnes aked Nadorcity, yesserɣ Saɛid Zizawi tifawin x mamek temsar alami yeqqim 8 n iseggusa netta ixeddem bla ma a t-xellsen. Di 2011, zegga i tekker lɣuɣet n wegdud, tudef tmesmunt n yinni i ɣer llan idipplumen n tseddawit i iqqimen bla lxedmet, -tudef- di ca n isurifen n tɣensa d tɣuyyit x tseqqar n lxedmet, am merra timesmunin nneɣni i ttuɣa yellan di Driwec d Miḍar d Nnaḍur… Yeqqar Zizawi, belli yusa-dd wemsawal, kksen akid-neɣ awal bac a nadef di lxedmet. ḍḍwasa n imeɣnasen n Miḍar d Driwec dewlen-dd zi Rbaṭ, maca ḍḍusi-inu walu. Arayes yusa-s-dd warḍi zi ssulṭa bac ad ɛemmren imukan yexwan. Yetter zeg-neɣ a nraḥ a nexdem. Nkumasa di cher n yennayer 2012. Zi ssenni neqqim nxeddem, nettraja. Lexxu 8 n iseggusa, aqqa-yi ɛad xeddmeɣ di tɣiwant (lbaladiyya) n Benṭeyyeb amenni waha amen wer dd-yusi lqarar, amen wer dayi-xellsen.
Zizawi yesqerqeb deg waṭṭas n twura bac a das wcen tiseqqar-nnes, a t-ḥesben am netta am merra wi ixeddmen di tɣiwant n Benṭeyyeb , maca walu. Iruḥ al Arbaṭ, umi ɣa yesseqsa x ddusi-nnes, ṭṭfen x uzellif. Yeɛqeb-dd ssenni, yedɛa-ten di lmeḥkama di Wejda. ɣer umezwaru wcin-as lḥeqq, di listinaf wtin-as kulci di ẓiru.
Manaya d ijjen lmunker d ameqqran, d ijjen ḍḍariba n weɣnas d ubeddi x tseqqar n tmaziɣt, d ubeddi x tseqqar n wegdud. Saɛid Zizawi, wer yeqqim ca d ijjen uterras zeg-s ɣer lmeḥkama, Saɛid d ijjen tɣawsa n wegdud ttemrusan-dd x-as waṭṭas n iseqsan. D ijje tɣawsa n lḥeq teḥdaj a das-dd-yedwel lḥeqq.


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Montesquieu
Tamuɣli n Montesquieu ɣef udabu
Deg tmuɣli n Montesqiueu, isaḍufen neɣ leqwanen d nutni i yesselḥawen tilufa gar yemdanen, zgan-d sufella n kra yellan. I wakken ad nefhem isaḍufen i d-sersen yemdanen, ilaq ad nerzu ɣer teɣdemt axaṭer dinna i yettbedday lḥedd.
Isaḍufen n yemdanen mgaraden ɣef wid n ugama, ur d-ttnulfan kan akka. Leqwanen i d-sbedden yemdanen, ɣas ur ttemcabin, resen ɣef yiwen n llsas. Wa icudd ɣer gma-s. Asaḍuf yettḍebbir, d netta i d assaɣ gar wid yesmendiwen (wid d-yesnulfayen lqanun) d yineḥkamen. Asaḍuf d aseɣwen i d-yefrurin seg temsal d wamek d-ḍrant, am win yeqqnen Rebbi d yemdanen neɣ win n yemdanen deg aygar-nsen.
Montesqiueu yettwali isaḍufen s wudem n tussna; ur ten-yettmuqul ara mfaraqen, yeqqar iseɣwan i ten-icudden wa ɣer wa. Yettaddam-d lmul ussnan, ad t-yessers syinnakin ɣef yemdanen. Iseɣwan yakk yellan ger leqwanen d nutni i d iman, i d rruḥ n yisaḍufen. Asaḍuf i ten-id-jemmlen yakk d ṣṣwab n wemdan, imi d netta i yettḍebbiren ɣef yemdanen yakk n lqaɛa.
S ttexmam-a, Motesqiueu yeɛreḍ ad d-yesbeggen ṣwab n tmettiyin n medden d yisaḍufen. Timsal n tsertit d taluft n umusnaw; tussna n tsertit ur yezmir yiwen ad tt-iɣer alma yekkes-as lhiba i tidet n ddin.
Asenqed n yinhilen (iduba)
Montesqiueu ur yebni ara ttexmam-is s tsertiyin tiqdimin, dacu kan yugem-d s waṭas seg tfelsafit tasertant n zik imi yeɣra 03 n leṣnaf imeqranen n udabu :
Adabu agdudan :
Deg udabu-a, d agdud neɣ cwiṭ deg-s i iḥekkmen. Deg-s, ad naf sin n leṣnaf: arisṭukraṭ ( adabu n kra) d tugdut (adabu n yakk);
Deg tegduda tagdudant, leḥkem d ayla n wegdud, d acu kan ikennu deg taggara i leqwanen i d-sersen iɛeggalen d-yesbedd. Ɣer Montesquieu yella wemgirred gar tugdut tusridt d tin n yiɛeggalen. Netta yettwali agdud yessefk-as ad iḍebber ɣef kra i yellan gar ifassen-is, ayen i d-yegran d tamsalt n yineɣlafen-is. Tigejdit iɣef yebna udabu-a d ṣwab, lmeɛna-s d sivizm i yettarran amdan yessizwir nnfeɛ n medden yakk d tmurt ɣef nnfeɛ-is netta. Tayri n sɛaya d ayen ur nettumekken deg udabu yecban wa imi d tezdeg i t-yesseddawen. Dacu kan, adabu-a ur yezmir ad d-yili ala deg tmura timecṭuḥin.
Deg tegduda tarisṭukraṭ, anager drus i yeṭṭfen leḥkem. Ṣwab, ɣas d tigejdit daɣen deg ṣenf udabu-a, ur yeǧhid ara imi deg drus n tlufa kan i ikennu i lebɣi n wegdud.
Adabu ageldan :
Yiwen i yettrayin, i ilan leḥkem, d netta kan i yesselḥawen tilufa s lemqadra n leqwanen ibedden. Agellid ur yezmir ara ad yexdem ayen akk i yebɣa, imi tazmert-is tesɛa tilisa. Tilist-is teqqen ɣer tezmert yergazen yesɛan ccan deg tgelda-s, am: Lqaḍi, At ddin d yimeqqranen nniḍen. Tigejdit n udabu-a d iseɣ d wayen i iḥemmlen lɣaci n tgelda. Ageldun ur yezmir ad yessuter deg yemdanen ad xedmen ayen iwumi ur zmiren i wakken ur itekkes ara fell-asen sser.
Adabu n udebbuz :
Yiwen i yettrayin, meɛna mebla tilisa. Yettḍebbir kan akken yebɣa, akken s-d-ddnen uqerruy-is d wul-is. Deg udabu-a, win iḥekmen ur yesɛi d acu ara t-id-iḥebsen neɣ ad s-iḥettmen xerṣum d ayen i iṛeggem neɣ yewɛed. Yezmer ad yefk yak tazmert-is i yineɣlafen-is. Tigejdit n ṣṣenf udabu-a d tegdi, d lxuf.
Yal ṣṣenf n udabu yebna ɣef wedɣaɣ n lmul-tigejdit : d ayen i yessezdayen isaḍufen n kra n udabu. Tijɛelt n udabu tbeddu deg tazwara s tmesɣiwt n tgejdit iɣef yuli udabu-a (amedya : deg tegduda tagdudant, imdanen yeffeɣ-asen ṣwab)
Montesquieu yezzem nezzeh adabu n udebbuz, yewṣef-it am wexxam mebla tiɛerstin. Adabu-a ur yesɛi ara taɣessa tasertant-taɣademt (la lqanun, la aseɣwen ger uneḥkam d yisaḍufen, imi imdanen knan kan ar nnefḥa n uqerruy i ten-iḥekmen). I t-yeččuren d tasusmi kan d tigugemt ideg yeṭṭenṭun lebɣi n yimḍebber, ulac yakk deg-s ayen iwumi qqaren taɣessa timettit. Deg udabu n udebbuz, wid yellan yakk swadda kifkif-iten deg wazal. ɣer Montesqiueu, d aseɛdel ger yemdanen i yesseččayen adabu-a. Acku mi ara ɛedlen yakk yemdanen, tettruḥu-asen tazmert i wakken ad qablen win yuɣalen d Rebbi fell-asen.
Dɣa seddaw n Udabu Aqdim, igelliden ttaɛraḍen ad d-sersen leqwanen wer ma fkan azal i tseddarin n yemdanen (tisegluyin), aya i wakken ad sefḍen icelqem yellan gar medden, ɣilen d ayen fessusen. Montesqiueu iwala-d aseɛdel-a ger medden yettawi ɣer leḥkem udebbuz.
Tifrat ɣer-s d aleggen n lǧehd i yesɛan yemdanen: yessefk lmizan ara yesserkden timetti d wefraq n tzemmar n ddula.
Afraq n tzemmar
Ɣer Montesqiueu, tilelli mačči d timunnent, iswi mačči d tazmert ad yexdem yiwen akken i s-yehwa. Tilelli i nettnadi d tin ara yefken tazmert i wemdan ad yexdem ayen akk i s-yessuref lqanun. D lqanun ihi i d-yessrusun tilisa n tlelli.
Aserrus n yisaḍufen iṛessan ur yettaǧǧa ara adabu i yebnan ɣef tgejdit n tegdi ad d-ilal. Win yettḍebbiren ilaq ad yeknu i yisaḍufen.
Montesqiueu yettwali deg wefraq n tzemmar n ddula yesnernay deg tlelli n yemdanen. S tmuɣli-a, ad naf belli llan sin n leṣnaf n yiduba: adabu ireẓnen (am tugdut d trisṭukraṭit) d win ur nerẓin ara. Anager adabu ireẓnen i izemren ad yeḍmen tilelli n wemdan. Ala s tmendawt iweznen d yisaḍufen i iḍemmnen laman i terwiḥin n yemdanen i s-izemren ad d-ḥellin tilelli-nsen. Ɣer Montsequieu, ilaq tifin n ttawil ara igen tilisa i tezmert n ddula.
Dɣa ɣef wannect-a i d-yettmeslay ɣef wefraq n tzemmar i d-yebder uqbel-is yakan Locke. Aya yekkat i wakken ur tettemttuttul ara tezmert ger ifassen n yiwen n wemdan kan. “Tazmert tḥebbes-d tazmert nniḍen”. Dacu kan, tezmer tmurt ad t-tfeṣṣel aya akken s-yehwa, tezmer ad tesdukkel ger snat n tzemmar deg umedya, neɣ ad tger azeṭṭa ger tzemmar.
Montesquieu yettwali deg Yiman n yisaḍufen 03 tɣawsiwin i yessefken i wefraq n tzemmar. Yeddem-d amedya n Tmendawt taglizit:
Aberlaman: tazmert n usnagal, tira d useɣti n yisaḍufen. Aselway n Unabaḍ: ixeddem s yisaḍufen i d-tessers tezmert tasnagalt. Yecqa-d d tlufa n wezref n yemdanen (tadiplumasit) Taɣdemt: tettḥasab, tḥekkem, tferru iɣeblan d yimenɣiwen ger yemdanen. Telha-d d tlufa yeɛnan azref aɣarim.
Wid d-yusan deg leqrun wis-19 d 20 (Durgit, Carré de Malberg, ..) fehmen s leɣlaḍ afraq n tzemmar i d-yemla Montesquieu. Ɣilen afraq-a n tzemmar yessefk ad yili d ugzim, netta dɣa aya d awezɣi ad d-yili deg tilawt, axaṭer aya ad d-yeglu s uẓerreb, yal tazmert deg tama-s. Ulamek yal tama n ddula ad tesɛu tazmert-is i yiman-is, neɣ ad tili d tilellit s wudem igezmen (yiwet ur tettɛawan tayeḍnin). Aẓerreb-a yeslalay-d yiwen udabu d aɛeẓẓug , d tisselwit d tejmaɛt-is kan i yettrayin (ala adebbuz i izemren ad d-yessufɣen tamurt seg tnexxart-a) neɣ adabu ara yesselḥaw wegraw kan (tisselwit d lexyal ubeɛli kan).
Ur yessefk ara ihi usemnenni n snat n tzemmar ger ifassen n yiwen n wemdan. Asemnenni yezmer ad d-yawi dder, aladɣa mi ara yiwen ad yejmeɛ 03 n lxedmat ɣef tikelt. Meɛna, yelha mi ara yiwen ad d-yeṭṭef cwiṭ deg-sent: amedya, azref n Veto. Aya yessuruf i yal tazmert ad teḥbes tayeḍnin, ad teslek seg lbaṭel-is.
Afran n udabu
Deg tmuɣli n Montesquieu, ulamek yakk ad d-tbedd tugdut tusridt deg tmettiyin-nneɣ tatrarin seddaw n Unabaḍ ageldan, acku wessiɛit nezzeh. Tagduda daɣen ulamek ad d-tili deg ṣṣenf n tmettiyin-a. Yerna, tigejdit iɣef tebna tugdut d ṣṣwab; ṣṣwab deg tmetti tartart ulac-it. Yessefk ihi ad yesseḥseb yiwen i tudert tajdiṭ d-wwin yemdanen n tura ( idrimen rran-ten yal yiwen yettxemmim i yiman-is, awi-d kan ad d-ddren wer ma cqan-d ma telha tudert-nsen neɣ xaṭi). Lmeɛna n zik truḥ, yeǧǧa-tt zman.
S tiṭ n wemdan atrar, Montesquieu yettwali tilelli ur d-tettas ara s uttekki deg udabu d tsertit. Amdan atrar yettwali tilelli mi ara yerwel seg tsertit d mi ara yeɛzel iman-is deg lehmum n wexxam-is.
Deg udabu n udebbuz, imdanen kennun imir-nni. Deg tgelda, kennun s ṭṭul. Tegdi tettili-d deg udabu ideg ur d-tettbin ansi ara d-tas tiyita. Yessefk ihi usbeddi n leqwanen iṣeḥḥan ara isefḍen tegdi, ad d-yawin talwit.
Udem n tsertit yettban-d amek ttqadaren medden isaḍufen ibedden. Ɣer Montesqiueu, ur nkennu ara i lqanun, meɛna nxeddem ayen yessuruf lqanun. Afraq ger tzemmar yezmer ad d-yawi tadukli, i waken wa ur yettali ɣef wa. Deg taggara, lqanun yella-d i waken ad yesḥirbeb amdan, ad t-yesserked.
Ma ɣef yedrimen, Montesquieu yettwali belli d ttawil yelhan i userked d useggem n lemxalṭat ger yemdanen, yettarra-ten wa yettnadi ɣef wayeḍ. S tmuɣli-a, Montesqiueu yesnulfa-d ajdid deg tussna tasertit, imi yessuẓa ar sdat “lmeɛna”.
Smaɛil Abid


text:
LeRifain
Yessewjad Umarikan ixf-nnes bac a dd-yegru kter zi ttulut n lɛesker i ɣer-s di Lɛiraq di ssimanat i dd-yegguren.
Yenna uxiniral Kenneth McKenzie i isaḥafiyen, aqa iɛeskriyen n Umarikan ad neqsen zi 5200 al 3000 deg uyur n cutanbir.
Yerni yenna belli iɛeskriyen i ɣa yeqqimen ad rnin ad ɛawnen lmexzen n Lɛiraq bac ad yeqḍa x min yeqqimen n yemsellḥen n daɛic.
Arayes n Umarikan Donald Trump ttuɣa yenna deg uyur i yeɛdun belli yexs a dd-yegru merra lɛesker-nnes zi Lɛiraq di min yudsen.
Tala: REUTERS


text:
Tamrikt Talemmast
Tamrikt Talemmast d aḥric alemmas n Temrikt (maca, deg tidet, yettwaḥseb d aḥric seg Temrikt n Ugafa). Tamrikt Talemmast deg-s timura n Gwatimala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Kusta Rika ed Panama. Tajumma-nnes, s ujemmal, 523.780 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 41.739.000 n yimezdaɣen.
Tumira n Tamrikt Talemmast :
- Gwatimala (Guatemala)
- Belize (Belmopan)
- Tugna:Flag of Honduras (2008 Olympics).svg Honduras (Tegucigalpa)
- Salvadur (San Salvador)
- Nicaragua (Managua)
- Kusta Rika (San José)
- Panama (Panama)
Timura[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tutlayin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tutlayt taspnyolit d tutlayt tanṣibt g Honduras,Salvadur , Nicaragua, Kusta Rika d Panama .
Tutlayt Taglizit d tutlayt tanṣibt g Belize


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Ṭanja
Tga Ṭanja (s tɛrabt : طنجة Tanja ; s tmaziɣt : ⵜⵉⵏⴳⵉ Tingi ; s tlatint: Tingis) yat tiɣrmt imqqurn bahra ilan atig ɣ tfriqt n ugafa. Tlla tiɣrmt ad ɣ ugafa n tmazirt n Lmɣrib. Tg tamaẓunt n tsga n Ṭanja-Tiṭwan-Lḥusima. Tlla tiɣrmt ad s tuggugt n 14 km i uftas n Ṣbanya. Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittuyskar ɣ usggwas n 2014 mas d uṭṭun n imzdaɣ n tiɣrmt ad iɣli ar 947 952 umzdaɣ.
Asnmkta[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas[1]:
Aslmd[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Tigmiḍi n taqubbanit (middn lli ur ssin ad aqran wala ad ttaran) : 16.0%
- Tigmiḍi n imzdaɣ lli iɣran ar usinan n usmdi nɣd uggar : 14.9%
Tadamsa[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Tigmiḍi n imzdaɣ lli llan ɣ isggasn nnsn n twuri : 56.6%
- Tigmiḍi n tarwuri (middn lli ur ṭṭafn tawuri) : 15.8%
- Tigmiḍi n imzdaɣ lli swurin dar lmxzn (nɣ kantin swurin gis) : 8.4%
- Tigmiḍi n imzdaɣ lli swurin ɣ uslig (nɣ kantin swurin gis) : 65.3%


text:
Yerẓem Mohamed El Montaser tawwurt i wemsawal amezwar jer iḥudriyen n Nnaḍur. Ḥima ra d nitnin ad reccḥen di lintixab i dd ɣa yasen n lbaladiyya n Nnaḍur.
Tabrat i yegga Simohamed i yefsar s Whatsapp d Facebook, yegru dag‑s ifirmaren n tarwa n Nnaḍur inni n daxel d yenni n barra. Yegga‑tt d alaɣi i marra wi ittasmen x temdint n Nnaḍur, ad ssiɣen fus-nsen di lintixab i dd‑yegguren, i ca n iḥudryyen ɣer‑sen tizemmer d timessna deg usugur.
Tasentayt‑ya yegga, yenna xaf‑s, belli wer yeqqin la ɣa ijjen n tidyulujit, niɣ n leḥsabat n pulitik. Iswi‑nnes, ad yuc fus i wudmawen d jjdid, ad beddlen udmawen-nni izehmen, yeṭṭfen lbaladiya n Nnaḍur rexxu iseggusa, mellen‑ten tarwa n temdint.
3000 n Ifirmaren yuca-asen lmijal n uyur, maca di deg ijjen wass d llilt, iwḍen 1000. Awarn‑as ad reẓmen tawwurt i wi yexsen ad yarecceḥ, ad ixḍaren marra iḥudriyyen icarken di tsentayt‑a, ijjen uprugram a xaf‑s xedmen.
Simohamed netta d ca n iḥudriyyen akid‑s, zeg udmawen ittwassnen di temdint n Nnaḍur, deg iyyar n Twiza, ineɣmisen, d min yeqqnen ɣa marra mani tella tcuni n temdint.
Alaɣi‑ya, yettwag s waṭṭas n Tutlayin, ḥima ad ssiɣen fus marra tarwa n temdint mani llan deg umaḍal.


text:
Alɣu
S lmenddad n umasay n ugezdu n Bgayet d tallelt n tesdawit Abderrahmane Mira d tmehla n Yidles d Tẓuri, ad d-yessuddes Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa Ass n Larebɛa 21 Ctember 2022, timlilit n usemer n umtawa akked Tesdawit n Bgayet, ad t-id-yeḍfer tfugla n tullya i tikkelt tamenzut n ugezdu n tsuqilt gar tmaziɣt d tutlayin nniḍen.
Ass n Lexmis 22 Ctember 2022 deg tmekarḍit tagejdant n Bgayet ad d-tili tegnit i yiwet n temlilit tussnant s uttikki n terbaɛt n yisdawanen, i usekrazal n temhelt n ujmaɛ n tnefkiyin ɣef tutlayin d yidelsan di Lezzayen, ilmend n usenfar n Aṭlas n tutlayin tettheyyi tuddsa n UNESCO.
Ilmend n Usenfar-a dɣa, ad yili usebdded n Mass Ramdane Touati, asdawan amuzzag deg tesnilest n tmaziɣt, s yisem-is d amasay n usenfar di Lezzayer, s tallelt n snat n tsudwin, Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa akked Uɣlif n temsal n uzɣar d umadhal agraɣlan.


text:
Aɣeddu n weɣyul
Aɣeddu n weɣyul (Isem usnan: Cirsium arvense) d talmest n yemɣi seg twacult n tetrawt. Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (fr) d amdan amezwaru i yuran fell-as deg useggas n 1772.
Tilmas[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Ismawen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Isem-is s latinit: Cirsium arvense
- Isem-is s tefransist: Chardon des champs
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit:
- Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt:
Isseqdac[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tiwelhiwin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ 'Imɣan n Tensawt - Plantes de Kabylie ' - Saïd Zidat - Editions Innexsys, Luxembourg, Avril 2016 ISBN 978-99959-0-205-6 www.imghantensawt.lu


text:
Tasedmirt tagmant
Tasedmirt tagmant d tisedmirin tikruranin dgi timsedmirin-is d ifariwen-is d uddisen igmanen, takrura tagmant tagejdant tla tisedmirin tifrarin am tasedmirt n twaksa, tsedmirt n tmerniwt, tasedmirt n usemselsi akk d tasedmirt n ulsasnay, Ma deg tseddast tagmant ttwasxedment tisedmirin tigmanin d tukrisin i tsuddest n uddisen igmanen.
Tasedmirt tamzikt (taqdimt) deg tasedmirt tigmanin d tasedmirt n tmeṛɣiwt n imerɣi agran d tsedmirt n tissiredt (saponification) i tmugri n tserradin


text:
1
Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen ixebbeṛ-ed ɛinani belli deg ussan ineggura, aṭas ara iwexxṛen ɣef liman di Lmasiḥ, ad tebɛen wid i ten-ițɣuṛṛun s uselmed i d-yețțasen s ɣuṛ leǧnun.
2
A ten-ɣuṛṛen wat sin wudmawen yețbecciṛen lekdeb, wid iwumi yemmut wul am akken yețwaqqed s useffud.
3
Imdanen-agi bɣan ad ḥeṛṛmen zzwaǧ akk-d kra n leṣnaf n lmakla, lameɛna Sidi Ṛebbi ixleq-ed kullec iwakken wid yumnen yis yessnen tideț, a t-ḥemden a t-cekkṛen.
4
Ayen akk i d-ixleq Sidi Ṛebbi yelha, ur ilaq ara a nerr kra di rrif, acu kan ilaq a t-ncekkeṛ ɣef wayen i ɣ-d-ițțak,
5
axaṭer ayen akk i d yețwaxelqen iṣeffu-t wawal n Ṛebbi akk-d țẓallit.
6Ssefhem-asen ayagi i watmaten iwakken aț-țiliḍ d aqeddac yelhan n Ɛisa Lmasiḥ, sseǧhed iman-ik di liman s wawal n Sidi Ṛebbi d uselmed n tideț i ttebɛeḍ s wul yeṣfan.
7Ma ț-țimucuha n temɣaṛin ur nesɛi ara lmeɛna i gxulfen liman, ḍeggeṛ-itent akkin fell-ak. Issin amek ara telḥuḍ deg ubrid n Sidi Ṛebbi .
8Tazzla deg wannar d ayen yelhan meɛna tenfeɛ i lǧețța kan, ma ṭṭaɛa n Sidi Ṛebbi tenfeɛ i kullec axaṭer deg-s i tella tudert n tura akk-d ț-țin i d-iteddun i ɣ-iwɛed Sidi Ṛebbi.
9Awal-agi d awal n tideț yuklalen ad ițwaqbel ɣer yemdanen meṛṛa.
10Ma d nukni nețɛețțib iman-nneɣ iwakken a neǧhed di liman, imi nețkel ɣef Sidi Ṛebbi Illu-nneɣ yeddren yellan d amsellek n yemdanen meṛṛa abeɛda wid yumnen yis.
11Atan wayen i ɣef ara tweṣṣiḍ imdanen d wayen ara sen-teslemḍeḍ.
12?uṛ-ek a k-iḥqeṛ yiwen imi meẓẓiyeḍ di leɛmeṛ, meɛna ili-k d lemtel ger wid yumnen s yimeslayen-ik, s tikli-inek, s leḥmala-inek, s liman-inek ț-țezdeg n wul-ik.
13Sɛedday lweqt-ik di leqṛaya d ubecceṛ d uselmed n wawal n Ṛebbi i wiyaḍ, alamma usiɣ-en.
14Ur țțaǧa ara di rrif tikci i k-d-ițțunefken s ṛṛeḥma n Sidi Ṛebbi d yimeslayen s wayes i d-caren fell-ak di tejmaɛt mi ssersen ifassen-nsen fell-ak imeqqranen n tejmaɛt.
15Err ddehn-ik ɣer wayagi txedmeḍ-t akken ilaq, iwakken imdanen meṛṛa ad walin amek i tețnerniḍ di tikli-inek di Lmasiḥ.
16?ader ɣef yiman-ik d wayen i tesselmadeḍ i wiyaḍ, ma tkemmleḍ akken, d leslak ara d-tawiḍ i keččini akk-d wid i k-yesmeḥsisen.


text:
Ca n merrat ittawi-ayi-d Rebbi ila bnadem itteddren di Lmuɣrib niɣ timura i dags-irewsen ixess-as ad yurja aṭṭas. Bnadem maḥend ad yenjem zi tubberwiyt-a d tubberkent-a i di nella, ixess-as ad yurja, ad yurja Tadimukratit, tilelli, ad issers leɛwin di tarut-nnes.
Izlawiyen d imariten d yenni ttuɣa itturjan aṭṭas. Isuryaliyen di Fransa bedden-as i ssistim ampiryali d iɣes n tmijja. Ad tettafed André Breton d netta ittari deg isiwaḍ di lbiran n Paris, ittemsazzal kunṭra ijjen ssistim iḥerri bnadem, ssistim-nnes. Izlawiyen d imariten ibedden deg wudem i Tfacit deg Iṭaliya, i Tnazit deg Uliman.
Machado immuten zegga yiwweḍ ɣer ijjen ubilaj x iymiren jar Fransa d Spaniya, d netta irekk°el zi Franku, Franku Afacisti. Hernandez yuran tiqessisin zi leḥbes-nnes ar mani ig immut, Lorca i zzuɣaren ɣer ijjen wemkan wer t-nessin, qeḍwen-as filu n buḥbel. Wer nessin la d amḍel-nnes ad x-as nessers nnwac d neccin nttraḥ ad nẓur, Granda, Granada-nnes.
Raḥ x-as amenni aked Pablo Neruda d netta iwesseq x Iɛeskriyen n Pinochet i d-yusin ɣer taddart-nnes. Aked Nazim Ḥikmet Aturki, i yessnen leḥbusat n Turkiyya ijjen ijjen, isseɛda tudert-nnes d netta d aḍlib, d ametluɛ zi tmurt ɣer tenniḍen d netta ikessi akid-s tumezt n ucal n Turkiyya d waṭṭas n turjiwin. Aked Dustyuvski, i yewwyen ɣer Sibirya maḥend ad ssizzɣen iḍuḍan-nnes i daneɣ-isqasen s tcuni.
Netturja aked Meḥmud Derwic, aked Aḥmed Maṭar d ubarru n izlawiyen i ybedden deg wudem n ssistim-nnsen. Rezzun ad idder wegdud-nnsen di tilelli. Neqqar-as imesɛi mli wer itturji tili immut, Azlawi la d netta mli wer itturji tili yedwel am netta am ḥedd nniḍen.
izlawiyen iderrɛen i Tmarksit, Tcuyuɛit, Tasuryalit, Tarumansit.. Maɣer ? Minzi tturjan bnadem. Rezzun ad d-rren i bnadem tabenadmit-nnes. Ad kid-s bedden, ad as-wcen lḥeqq-nnes. S uya, ay aytma, itteqqes uzellif, xmi i nettaf ca n ijjen, nḥesseb-it x jjmaɛet n yen itturjan, ad isettef ixef-nnes di jjihet nneɣni.
Amek qqaren Irifiyen a beɛda ini lḥeqq di baba-k trewwḥed ɣer-s.


text:
Wikipidya
Tga Wikipidya yat tsanayt nɣ d asamu amuṭṭun igan ilelli nɣ aḥuṛṛi illan s ɣaydd n tutlayin, tettuyskar d tettuyɛdal fad ad tg yat twuri n umyawas innurẓmn i kraygat yan, xdmn gis agudi n imaratn nna gis ittaran bla ad gis rbḥn nɣ ad gis amẓn tiɣrad[1], s uwttas ad tg tussna yat tɣawsa igan fabuṛ ur iqqan ad dars yili atig d kraygat yan dars azrf ad iɣr d ad yaqqra ɣayli ittiri[2]. Tga Wikipidya yan zɣ iɣbula n lmɛlumat nna akk imqqurn d nna akk ittuyssan ɣ umaḍal ɣ ammas n wantirnit, d nttat yat zɣ smuss d mraw isitn lli d ttkkan middn bzaf s tṣnif lli tskr Aliska ɣ wayyur n yunyu 2020[3]. Ar takka tsanayt ad yan lmuḥtawa igan fabuṛ d bla n id lichar. Tumẓ tt tmrslt n Wikimidya d nttat ad sis ittklfn, tga tmrslt ad yat tmaddast ur igi awttas nns iqariḍn, ar t ttmwaln middn ɣar s tiwisi d tabarruɛat[4].
Ibda usit ad n Wikipidya ɣ 15 yanayr 2001 s ifassn n Jimi Wilz d Lari Sanjr, d Sanjr ad as ifkan yism ad, ism ad n Wikipidya ibḍa f snat tguriwin, Wiki s unamk n Bzrba zɛma da gis ttafat lmɛluma dɣya, d Pidya lli d ikkan tguri n Encyclopedia. Lliɣ bḥra tbda tkka-tt-inn ɣar s tutlayt tanglizt, mac dɣya sliɣ d gis baynt tutlayin yaḍni lli tn ikkan xtalfn cwiya ɣ lmuḥrawa lli tn gis kkant ula tɣarast n tirra nnsnt. Ɣil ad llan uggar n 300 id wikipidya, tin tanglizt ad akk gisn imqqurn d tṭṭaf uggar n 5 id mlyun n imgradn. Ɣ kulci wikipidyat, llan kra n 40 id mlyun n imgradn s 300 tutlayt. Ɣ fibrayr 2014 tettuyẓra wikipidya kra n 18 id mlyar n twal d kra n 500 id mlyun n lvizitat kraygat wayyur.
Ɣ mars 2017 wikipidya tṭṭf uggar n 40 id mlyun n imgradn ifulkim zɛma mqqurn d ittyuran s yat tɣarast ifulkin. Ɣ 2015 tbdr tasɣunt n Natcr yat rrivyu ar gis tqaran 42 imgradn n tmassant zɣ yat tasanayt tga s yism Briṭanika nttat d Wikipidya, tufa masd ddiqqa n imgradn n Wikipidya taẓ i tin Briṭanika. Tasɣunt n Mkazin ula nttat tnna masd tasrtit n Wikipidya da tajjan kraygat yan ad gis yara mayad ad isɣlin atig n Wikipidya aylliɣ tga xkad lli tga ɣilad tuf akk tasanayin yaḍni lli ganin s iqariḍn
Amzruy[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ibda usnfar ad n Wikipidya s Wikipidya tanglizt ɣ 15 yanayr n usggwas n 2001, tḍfart Wikipidya tafransist. Dɣya sliɣd daɣ baynt tutlayin yaḍni ɣ ammas n usit ad. Tlkmd Wikipidya tanglizt s mlyun imgradn ɣ 1 mars 2006. Ɣ 20 cutanbir tlkmd wikipidya s mlyun imgradn ɣ uggar n 100 n tutlayin. d ar bdda tɣumu Wikipidya tanglizt talli akk izwarn ɣ lɛadad n imgradn s 2 id mlyun ɣakudann gis 700 id walf n imgradn s 190 n tutlayin, gisn wid mẓẓiyn, ilin gisn ula wid mqqurn.
Ɣ iyyirn zwarnin n usggwas n 2006. Wikipidya gis 174 n nnusax nna ɣ llant uggar 100 imgradn. 51 gisnt uggar n 10 id waln n imgradn, d sa d mraw gisnt uggar n 50 id walf n imgradn. Ama tutlayin mqqurnin zun d Wikipidya tanglizt, tanfransist, talmanit, tapulunit, tajappunit, tahulandit, tabrtqqizt, taswidit, taṣbnyulit, tarusit d tafilnanditgisnt uggar n 100 id walf n imgradn kraygat yat gisnt.
Ama iɣ nra ad nsawl f tutlayin timaziɣin, tbda Wikipidya taqbaylit ɣ 14 abril n usggwas n 2007[5]. Ɣ 12 mars 2015 gis 2387 n imgradn d 4939 n willi gis itxdamn nɣ xdmn yad gis waxxa ɣir yat twal. Ama tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍna llan ka sul ɣ Inkubatur.
Nupidya[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Ɣ umzwaru, Wikipidya iga ansmad i usnfar Nupidya. Wad iggʷran iga yan usnfar n tgrumsna igan fabur ɣ ifili illan s tnglizit, imgradn nns da tn ttaran imuzayn. Nupidya ittusnflul ɣ 9 maṛṣ 2000 ddu tilit n Bumis, yan waggur wantirnit.
Amanar n tirra g Wikipidya taclḥit :[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tiɣbula[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- ↑ Wikipedia Makes A House Call To Mac" - Mark McNeil
- ↑ Can thousands of Wikipedians be wrong? How an attempt to build an online encyclopedia touched off history’s biggest experiment in collaborative knowledge - MARSHALL POE
- ↑ Comscore Media Metrix Ranks Top 50 U.S. Web Properties for August 2012 - RESTON, VA, Cuntanbir 12, 2012
- ↑ Wikipedia has a ton of money. So why is it begging you to donate yours? - Caitlin Dewey
- ↑ Zɣ ɣaylli ittyuran ɣ tasna n Inkubator nns Wp/kab


text:
Amezwaru
Taxeřqit n ujenna d temmurt
11 Deg umezwaru ixřeq-dd AREBBI ijenwan d temmurt. ■
2 Tuɣa tammurt texřa, u texwa u x wudem n waman yuǧɣen taǧest, u Arruḥ n AREBBI tuɣa ittraḥ ittas-dd x wudem n waman.
3 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ad tiři tfawt”, uca tusa-dd tfawt! □ 4 Iẓra AREBBI belli tafawt teṣbeḥ uca ibḍa AREBBI jar tfawt d taǧest. 5 Iřaɣa AREBBI tafawt ‘aziř’ u ‘taǧest’ iřaɣa as ‘ǧiřet’. Tedweř d tameddit u idweř d ṣṣbeḥ: d ass amezwaru.
6 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ad tiři ict n řqubbet di řwest n waman, ad tebḍa aman x waman!” ■ 7 AREBBI igga řqubbet n ujenna uca ibḍa aman i iǧan swadday i řqubbet x waman i iǧan sennej i řqubbet. Uca ammu i temsar. ■ 8 Iřaɣa AREBBI i řqubbet ‘ajenna’. Uca tedweř d tameddit u idweř d ṣṣbeḥ: d ass wiss tnayen.
9 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ad munen waman i iǧan swadday i ujenna ɣar ijj n wemcan maḥend ad dd-iban řbarr!” Uca ammu i temsar. ■
10 Iřaɣa AREBBI i řbarr ‘tammurt’ u amuni n waman iřaɣa as ‘řebḥur’. Uca iẓra AREBBI belli man aya iṣbeḥ. □
11 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ad dd-tesseɣmi temmurt aɣemmuy aziza: afsu aziza i izarrɛen zzariɛet d tcejjura s fruta i d itticen frutat ɛlaḥsab marka nsent s zzariɛet nsent dayes x wudem n temmurt!” Uca ammu i temsar.
12 Tesseɣmi-dd temmurt aɣemmuy aziza: afsu aziza i izarrɛen zzariɛet ɛlaḥsab marka nnes d tcejjura i dd itticen řɣiǧet ɛlaḥsab marka nsent s zzariɛet nsent dayes. Uca iẓra AREBBI belli man aya iṣbeḥ.
13 Uca tedweř d tameddit u idweř d ṣṣbeḥ: d ass wiss třata.
14 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ad din iřint tfawin di řqubbet n ujenna ḥima ad bḍant jar wass d ǧiřet, ad iřint d řimarat, d wussan ittwaggen, d wussan, d iseggʷusa ■
15 uca ad iřint d tifawin di řqubbet n ujenna ḥima ad wcent tafawt x temmurt!” Uca ammu i temsar. ■
16 Igga AREBBI tnayen n tfawin mɣarent: tafawt tameqqrant, ḥima ad teḥkem x wass, u tafawt tameẓyant ḥima ad teḥkem x ǧiřet, uca uřa d itran.
17 Issars i-tent AREBBI di řqubbet n ujenna ḥima ad wcent tafawt x temmurt
18 u ḥima ad ḥekment x wass d ǧiřet u ḥima ad bḍant jar tfawt d taǧest. Uca iẓra AREBBI belli man aya iṣbeḥ.
19 Uca tedweř d tameddit u idweř d ṣṣbeḥ: d ass wiss arebɛa.
20 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ejj ad dd-ssefyen waman s waṭṭas n marra min di iǧa buḥbeř iddaren uca ad ḍwen ijḍaḍ sennej i temmurt ɣar mani teǧa řqubbet n ujenna!” □ 21 Ixřeq-dd AREBBI imuddaren imeqqranen di řebḥar u marra buḥbeř iddaren ittenhezzan, inni zi dd-ssefyen waman, ɛlaḥsab markat nsen uca marra ijḍaḍ s wafriwen ɛlaḥsab markat nsen. Uca iẓra AREBBI belli man aya iṣbeḥ. 22 Ibark i-ten AREBBI, inna: “Jjem-dd řɣiǧet, ktarem, ɛemmarem aman n řebḥur uca ad ktaren ijḍaḍ di temmurt.” ■ 23 Uca tedweř d tameddit u idweř d ṣṣbeḥ: d ass wiss xemsa.
24 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ejj temmurt ad tessuffeɣ marra min ɣares d buḥbeř iddaren ɛlaḥsab marka nnes: řebhayem d imuddaren nni ittbuɛen d řmař n řexřa ɛlaḥsab marka nsen!” Uca ammu i temsar. □ 25 Igga AREBBI řmař n řexřa n temmurt ɛlaḥsab marka nsen, u řebhayem ɛlaḥsab marka nsent u marra imuddaren nni ittbuɛen x wudem n temmurt ɛlaḥsab markat nsen. Uca iẓra AREBBI belli man aya iṣbeḥ.
26 Uca inna AREBBI: “Ejj aneɣ ad negg Adam, bnadem, di ṣṣifet nneɣ, deg warwas nneɣ, uca ad ɣares yiři jjehd x iseřman n řebḥar u x ijḍaḍ n ujenna u x řebhayem u x marra tammurt u x marra imuddaren nni ittbuɛen x temmurt!” □ 27 Ixřeq-dd AREBBI Adam di ṣṣifet nnes. Ixřeq i-t-i-dd di ṣṣifet n AREBBI, ixřeq i-ten-dd awtem d tewtemt. ■ 28 Ibark i-ten AREBBI uca inna asen AREBBI: “Jjem-dd řɣiǧet, ktarem, ɛemmarem tammurt uca arrem tt sadu ufus nwem, ḥekmem x iseřman n řebḥar u x ijḍaḍ n ujenna u x marra imuddaren inni ittbuɛen x temmurt!” ■ 29 Inna AREBBI: “Xzarem, ad awem wceɣ marra afsu aziza i izarrɛen zzariɛet x marra wudem n temmurt uřa marra ticejjura s řɣiǧet ɣar tcejjart nni izarrɛen zzariɛet. an aya ad awem yiři d macca. □ ■ 30 U i marra řmař n řexřa n temmurt, u i marra ijḍaḍ n ujenna u i marra min ittbuɛen x temmurt i di iǧa buḥbeř iddaren, ad asen yiři marra afsu aziza d macca i nitni.” Uca ammu i temsar. ■ 31 Uca iẓra AREBBI marra min igga, u xzar, tuɣa iṣbeḥ aṭṭas. Tedweř d tameddit u idweř d ṣṣbeḥ: d ass wiss setta. ■


text:
Le Rifain
Yewca uberlaman n Spanya tfawt tazegzawt ass n larbeɛ 15 yulyuz, ḥuma ad yili umezgun n « Cervantes » ameqqran di Ṭanja (Teatro Cervantes) jer yifassen n Lmeɣrib.
S uya, Lmeɣrib ittxessa-t amen yeqqar wemsetfaq, a t-yeɛdel, maca wer ittbeddil walu deg wudem-nnes n berra niɣ di mamek yella ɣer daxxel. Ttmenyat n weɛdal ad ilint zeg usenḍuq n ddewla n Lmeɣrib, amen isem n umezgun ad yeqqim d wenni s yexf-nnes.
Amezgun-a yebna asegg°as n 1911, yennurẓem asegg°as n 1913, ikessi 1400 n yewdan.


text:
Ixess-aneɣ a nessen belli Maradona maci d ijjen umirar n tcamma n uḍar waha. Ameknaw yenni i yeɛdan, ttiraren x ttmenyat niɣ maḥend ad ttwassnen waha. Niɣ inni ittiraren minzi tteɛjib-asen tcamma ttekkesen dag-s imezran-nnsen. Ameknaw azgen ameqqran n imiraren n Wamarkia n Tlatant, yegma-d Maradona deg ijjen lwacun n imeẓlaḍ. Iẓra ẓẓleḍ zzat-s yeggur x iḍaren-nnes. Yenna belli qa lwacunat n tmurt-nnes tteffɣen ɣer lefjer ttregg°aḥen-d ɣer tmeddit axmi d nitni mmuten s lweḥlan.
X manaya, Maradona ttuɣa irar i Boca Juniors, maɣer kippu-ya s ixef-nnes? Minzi d ijjen kippu yettwaḥsab n imeẓlaḍ, n ixeddamen, iwdan ittwaḥeryen deg Warxintina. Urid am River Plate i yettwaḥsaben d kippu n iburjwaziyen d ayt n wagla. X manaya umi ig iraḥ ad yirar aked Napoli urid irar akid-sen amenni waha. Napoli d tamedint i d-yusin deg yeffus n Iṭaliya, yeffus n mafiyat, yeffus n ẓẓleḍ. Maci am yeẓẓlmeḍ n Iṭaliya mani yella wagla, iburjwaziyen.
Iẓelmeḍ-nni mani illa Milan d Juventus yettwaḥsaben d kippawat n iburjwaziyen. Inni n ẓelmeḍ n Iṭaliya ttuɣa lebda ḥeggren Iṭalyanen n yeffus. Qqaren Iṭaliya n tidet aqqa-tt deg yeẓlmeḍ-nnes waha. Maradona d netta i d-yewwin lɛezz i Napoli, i imeẓlaḍ-nnes, i Iṭaliya-nni iḥeggren. Yettɛawad ila xmi ttuɣa ittirar aked Juventus, wer lli ittirar tcamma waha, maca ttuɣa yettaca ila netta aqqa-t deg ijen umenɣi ḥma ad d-yerr lɛezz-nni i imeẓlaḍ n Napoli. X manaya ig ixeḍar ad yirar qber nnes i Barcelona, maca waxxa amenni di Barcelona yuca axmi netta d aɣrib di kippu-nni, minzi ttuɣa tteggen lferz, x-as ula kṭer.
Maradona aẓelmaḍ, ig ittmettan x imeẓlaḍ. Yeqqar « nec ig illan d Che Guevara n tcamma n uḍar, tessned maɣer ? Minzi nec tzemmred akidi tessiwled x kuci, urid x tcamma waha, maci am yenniḍen. Nec ssneɣ mani llan imenɣan, ssneɣ mani illa ẓẓleḍ, ssneɣ mani iwdan ttmettan maḥend ad afen aleqquz n weɣrum ». S uyenni, netta aterras-a itteɛjib-as ad isel i Mano Chao xminni ittɣennej x imenneɛraq bla tiwriqin. Umi irbeḥ tkuppat n umaḍal, iraḥ ad iẓer Fidel Castro, d netta i ttuɣa yewtin tiggezt n Castro deg uḍar-nnes d tenni n Che Guivara deg uɣil-nnes. Wer nzemmer a nettu, ila Maradona ɣer-s aɣezdis-nnes aberkan. Am merra midden. Ula kṭer umi yewḍan deg ubaryuḍ n uneffeḥ n ucemlal. Maca, amec nnan Ifransisen: « Rebbi n tcamma n uḍar, yugur ijja-aneɣ ».
Maradona, ad iqqim d amirar d ameqqran deg umaḍal. D manaya waha.


text:
Le Rifain
Deg yijjen wemsawal yegga-t aked Nadorcity, yessiwel Leḥbib Lḥennudi x yijjen uɣezdis n tudert-nnes i yesseɛdu di lḥebs, awarn i umi yettwaṭṭef asegg°as n 2017.
Aqa min yenna deg wemsawal-nnes:
Necc qqaren-ayi Leḥbib Lḥennudi. ttwaṭṭfeɣ x lḥirak n Arif. Ira lliɣ zi tegrawt i yettwaksin ɣer Dalbiḍa. Ḥekmen xaf-i s xemsa n isegg°usa n lḥebs. Zegga i daneɣ-bḍan ɛawed, necc ila lliɣ zi tegrawt i dd-smuttyen ɣer lḥebs n Ṭanja 2. Nesseɛda dinni kter zeg usegg°as, (yesfirnen) di « ɛidelɛerc »-a ameggaru, ḍelqen-aneɣ.
Ira reẓẓmen-aneɣ tawwurt ɣer tesɛa n ssbeḥ, ttɛawaden tteqqnen-tt ɣer tenɛac. Reẓẓmen-tt ɣer waḥit, ḥetta al rebɛa niɣ d rebɛa d wezgen, tteqqnen-tt ɛawed.
Qbel i ma a dd-iban manaya n kuruna, ira nettaf min nettegg. tnayen n twalatin gi ssimanet ira nettɛayar čamma. ɣer-sen dinni ijjen wemkan d asebḥan mani ttiraren čamma. ira neqqar, nettari, nettɛayar cceṭranj, nettɛayar ddama, nettemharwaḍ jer-aneɣ… d manaya, dinni timeslayin nniḍen ɛawed. Amen tessned, nettsebban nnit, macca nessewjad nnit. waxxa tticcen-aneɣ-dd macca, maca yeffuk macca-nni a tt-neɛdel, a das-nɛawed zi jjdid. Ameknaw xmi i ira daneɣ-dd-tticcen leɛdes, ira snenna-t g waman waha. neccin ira nessirid-it zi jjdid, nettɛawad-as tinenni, nrenni x-as lebsel d ṭṭumeɛṭic… Dinni Karim Amɣar, ttuɣa tekka-s ɣer tẓuri, netta ira ittraḥ ɣer wammas apidaguj itterra dinni taynit i tẓuri-nnes… Amya i ira tt-nesɛedda, ca nniḍen min dak ɣa iniɣ? yeqseḥ lḥebs waha!.
Inekraf n RasLma gi Fas, d inekraf n Gersif, d yinni n Serwan, lexburat x-asen d uqlilen aṭṭas. lexber-nsen illa mala nsel-it zi twacunin xmi i daneɣ dd-ttẓuren, niɣ xmi i kid-sen nessawal g utilifun. Necnin di Ṭanja, ira ɣer-neɣ lḥeq g utilifun ass n letnayen d jjemɛa. Maca waxxa amenni, lexber jer-aneɣ ira yella d uqlil. Ira mala nexs a nmun i ca n usurif a t-negg merra idneɣ, ira yella manayenni yeqseḥ, ɛlayen wer das-nezmir.
S manayenni, ira wer dinni bu ca n wemseksi nettmun-as merra. aqa tẓarred, amseksi-nneɣ neccin ira yella d tikkest x maca.
Necni, ass amezgaru i di daneɣ dd-smuttyen ɣer lḥebs n Ṭanja, nudef nican di tikkest x macca. Minzi ssuren-aneɣ aked ineḥbas zi ṭṭerf. nesseɛdi dini 17 n wussan d neccin nekkes x macca, ass yeḍfer uma-s, wer t-nesbedd. Usin-dd, reẓmen akid-neɣ amsawal. usin-dd ca n tarbiɛt zi Rrbaṭ, ca zeg-sen zeg wesɣim anamur n tseqqar n yewdan. ggin akid-neɣ amsawal ḥima a nesbedd tikkest x macca.
Ncedd akid-sen awal-dinni x waṭtɛs n tmeslayin mux ɣa nɛic necnin din gi lḥebs. Di lweqt-nni, nemsawaḍ ula aked Fas, ira ɛaḍ wer ten-bḍin ci. Ira din Naser, Aḥemjiq, Muḥemmed Ḥaki, Samir Iɣid, Busettati, Aḍehcur… Nessiwel nican aked Naser Zefzafi. Inni i ira kid-neɣ ittemsawalen, laɣan lexdenni i lḥebs n Fas. Yessiwel-dd aked-neɣ Naser. Ncedd awal ḥuma ad nesbedd deg umur, necnin d nitni. Ula d nitni di lweqt-nni tenni ira ɣer-sen dinni ijjen llejna tettemsawal akid-sen dinni. Umi i nesbedd tikkest x macca, nekkes akid-sen x waṭṭas n tmeslayin a tent-nɛic dinni di lḥebs.
Ggin-aneɣ weḥḥed-neɣ, bḍan-aneɣ x imeḥbas nniḍen. Maca awal i kid-neɣ kksen zi lexdenni, wer deg-s dwilen ca ḥetta al umi i dd-neffeɣ.
Iyuren imezgura ira llan qesḥen bezzaf. Ass amezgaru, ira lliɣ necc d Ḥaki d Lmeḥdali. Nettwaṭṭef di leḥmu. nudef, nufa taxxamt-nni qeɛ twessex, deg-s kamat-nni n umesmir qeɛ ffareyḍent. Ibbuɛen, lewsex…Llilet tamezwarut, min dak ɣa iniɣ, maca necnin ira nuḥel aṭṭas, nxecc-dd, nessers aqeyyuɛ-nneɣ, uca yiwey-aneɣ yiḍes. Minzi ira nmarret, nesseɛda ijj n llilet temɣar. Awarn-as, negga bac a nadef deg yijjen usurif n tikkest x macca. Ɣer umezgaru yenna-neɣ umessugur n lḥebs: a kenniw awyeɣ ɣer lkaccu! nerra x-as, nenna-s: ma yella ci n lkaccu kter zi manaya? Xenni awern-as, ssufɣen kamat-nni tiqdimin, iwyenaneɣ-dd kamat d jjdid.
Awarn i ca n uyur ma d ayur d wezgen, nemmuti zeg uɣezdis 8, ɣer uɣezdis 6, mani ira yella Naser Zzefzafi weḥd-s. Nesseɛda deg wemkan-nni ca n iyuren d iɛeffanen. deg-s ẓẓiyar bezzaf.
Di Ṭanja, amessugur-nni ira wer kid-neɣ yeqsiḥ ci. min ma netter-as, ira yeqqar-aneɣ: Necc gi ḍḍusi-nkum kenniw wer tteggeɣ walu, ad laɣiɣ i Arbaṭ, uca min ma nnan-ayi a t-ggeɣ.
Din bezzaf n min ɣa iɛawed bnadem, walayenni mala qqimeɣ ttɛawadeɣ-akum, imken wer ttkemmileɣ ḥetta al ssbeḥ.
Umi i dd-rriɣ lexber belli ad ffɣeɣ, wer ukiɣ al ami i dayi-ddhwan imeṭṭawen, wer ssineɣ n lefraḥet ula n uxeyyeq.
Necc, ttettreɣ bac a dd-rxun i merra ayetma-tneɣ i yeqqimen ɛad gi leḥbusat.
Ttcekkareɣ merra inni i kid-neɣ ibedden manima.
Tala: Nadorcity


text:
Tasnawit (tisnawiyin), lycée – liceo – ثانوية
Addad amaruz: tesnawit (tesnawiyin).
Tasniremt:
Tasnawit taserdasit – lycée militaire – liceo militar – ثانوية عسكرية
Tasnawit tateknit – lycée technique – liceo técnica – ثانوية تقنية
Imedyaten:
Aya yella-d seg useggas-inu n tesnawit yerna mraw sa n yiseggasen ay iɛeddan seg wass-nni s ass-a – Ceci a eu lieu lors de ma première année au lycée et dix-sept ans sont passés depuis lors – Eso fue cuando yo estaba en el primer año de la escuela secundaria, así que han pasado 17 años desde entonces – كان هذا في سنتي الأولى في الثانوية و قد مضت سبع عشرة سنة منذ تلك الفترة
Yidir d anelmad n tesnawit – Yidir est un lycéen – Yidir es un estudiante de escuela secundaria – ييدير طالب ثانوي
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Awarn i umi tiweḍ tesɛin n iseggusa di lɛumur-nnes, teḍra Nawal Seɛdawi x tlict n tudert ass n lḥedd 21 zi mars 2021, i yellan d ass amaḍlan n tyemmat.
Min teɛna Nawal Sseɛdawi?
Nnan-as: « cem d ij n temɣart wer teḍbiɛed », tenna-sen: « necc qqareɣ tidet, tidet aqa ammu i tegga, wer teḍbiɛ ».
D nettat; d taḍbibt , d tameɣnast d tawetmant, d tamarit tamisrit Nawal Sseɛdawi, i yeṭṭfen acbar s texzarin-nnes d uxarres-nnes d tira-nnes d wawal-nnes… tixḍar abrid n tidet d wexbac x tidet, maca abrid-a lebda yewɛer, lebda deg-s isennanen. D abrid-a i tt-yejjin ad tcuq lemwaj n tuɣɣubja i sɣemyen deg imelɣiɣen n lɣaci s yisem n ddin. Ttuɣa-tt d tazeɛɛamt mseqqem, tessiwel di mindi yeqseḥ wawal. Terẓa aṭabu x usentel n ddat n temɣart d ddin d wamun i di yegga wergaz aḍar x temɣart.
tlul ass n 27 zi kṭuber asegg°as n 1931 di Lqaylubiya, teffeɣ-dd d taḍbibt zi tesdawit n Lqahira. tebda isuraf-nnes di tira amen tella d taḥudrit, tessufeɣ-dd ca n 45 n yedlisen. tettwassen s udafeɛ-nnes x tseqqar n temɣart, tiweḍ alami tesbedd tamesmunt n twiza aked temɣart taɛrabt asegg°as n 1982.
Aseggas n 1972, tessuffeɣ-dd adlis-nnes « Tamɣart d taqqut », tbedd zeg-s deg wudem n merra ddenf d uḍar i yettwaggen x temɣart, amecnaw imextan d ibexruras i ttegg wamun ḥuma ad yexzar taḥnjirt ma d taɛezrit ma lla. Iɛan wedlis-a ɣer lmujet tawetmant wiss tnayen ḥuma a dd-tessfi.
Nawal di buɣemɣam:
Nawal, zi temɣarin i ireẓmen taqebbart x isental i xef ittewqiɛ weqḍaɛ n nnefs. Tejbed-dd ireẓẓa n isental n ssiyasa d ddin d ddat n temɣart. Tbedd d iɣess n tmijja arendad lxezrat n wamun i yesseɛqaran tamɣart, amen ttuɣa tettɛan i lḥukuma n Misara minxef trezzu deg wazzerg n ssiyasa.
Tessuffeɣ-dd asegg°as n 1981 ij n tesɣunt tsemma-tt « lmuwajaha » , tettwaṭṭef ass n 6 cutanbir 1981, tettwagg di lḥebst. wer din min tekka, yemmut Anwar Ssadat, uca tennufsel-dd. Zi ssenni, tura adlis-nnes: « tiktayin di lḥebs n temɣarin » asegg°as n 1983. d nettat i yennan: « yedwel lxaṭar d ij n wezgen zi tudert-inu zeggami ksiɣ stilu uriɣ, wer yelli bu ca nlḥajet xaṭar kter zi tmenna n tidet deg yij umaḍal yeccur s ixerriqen« .
Terna-ten Nawal deg wemseksi n imextan n twetmin:
S tira-nnes d ixarrisen-nnes, tbeddel aṭṭas n texzarin ɣer temɣart di Misra d imunen n yemselmen merra. Ttuɣa-tt zeg imezwura i ilaɣan ɣer tikkest n imextan n twetmin, tḥesbi-t d ij n ɣezzu yemɣar yettwagg di lḥeqq n temɣarin. Manaya yejja-tt ad temradaf aked ixarrisen n lecyux isalafiyen i yeggin lɛucc deg wamun amisri. Yejja-tt ad temradaf ula aked ddewla zi mant-nnes, alami tiweḍ a xas-azzlen zi lxedmet-nnes d lwiẓara n sseḥḥet s ssibbet n udlis-nnes « tamɣart d taqqut », d manaya i tt-ɣa inedhen bac ad tettwaṭṭef di lḥebs aseggas n 1981 mamec i nniɣ.
awarn i waṭṭas n isegg°usa n wemseksi, dewlen imextan n twetmin d ɣezzu di Misra. Yeffeɣ-dd wawal n Nawal, tiweḍ ddewla n Misra ɣer tidet i zi temɛucceb Sseɛdawi aked wamun Amisri d ddewla d iɛessasen n ddin. Alami ula d L’azhar, yewca-dd lfetwa yenna deg-s belli « imextan n twetmin ḥaram, d ttaɛeddu x temɣart ».
Tessiwel Nawal Sseɛdawi deg wedlis-nnes « Udem iɛerran n temɣart taɛrabt« , x ɣezzu i deg-s yettwaggen umi i tt-ttuɣa d tameẓẓyant, ass umi i dd-ɣa asen a das-ggen imextan amen tella d taḥenjirt n setta n isegg°usa. Tesserɣ tifawin x leḥriq d ɣezzu i yettwaggen di rrimet n temɣart.
Adlis-a nnes, ttuɣa-t am ca n tḥeryaḍt thezz min ijemden deg wamun, stenfɛent zeg-s temɣarin, iɛan amun bac ad ibeddel aṭṭas n texzarin ɣer temɣart.
Amradaf aked ddin d ssiyasa:
Nawal Sseɛdawi, ttuɣa-tt d tazeɛɛamt deg wawal-nnes d uxarres-nnes. Ttuɣa-tt zeg tmezwura i ilaɣan bac ad yemqudda wergaz aked temɣart di lwert. Amen tesnekker taɛejjajt x tkembuct n temɣart. Tenna deg yij n wawal-nnes: « lḥijab wer yesskin ca ɣer tazdugi d temɣart, minzi nec mala xseɣ a dd-baneɣ ssfiɣ, ad sɣeɣ taḥeṭṭawt s xemsin junayh, uca d necc sɣiɣ jjennet s ttaman-a, maca necc wer xseɣ ca ad adfeɣ jjennet s uḥeṭṭaw, xseɣ a tt-adfeɣ s tembirt-inu d min tteggeɣ ». Nawal ttuɣa tettwala lḥijab d ij n tmatart i zi yettwagg uḍar x temɣart.
Tettwala Sseɛdawi belli ddin nwert-it x lejdud waha, amen tenna deg wawal-nnes: « Xemsa n tminutin awern i xmi i dd-ɣa-tluled (txelqed), a dac-ggen isem, a dac-ixḍaren iles (lluɣa), d ddin, d wikked ɣa temɛacared… a dd-tawyed tudert-nnec tekmel cekk-teddafaɛed x min ɛemmers wer tixḍared. »
Nawal deg wudem n tpateryarcit:
Temɛutrus ɛawed Nawal Sseɛdawi aked usistim apatryarcan, tenna x-as ila netta d ij usistim yettwabezzez x temɣart di twacunt d berra i twacunt. Tbedd di ɣess n tmijja i yinni ttuɣa ittlaɣan bac tamɣart ad teqqim di taddart waha, ad tili adu wergaz, wer tettemxelliṭ deg imukan mani llan yergazen… Ttuɣa teqqar belli tamɣart d nettat i ikessin lhemm d arrmeḥ deg waṭṭas n twacunin.
Ttuɣa lebda tettlaɣa bac tamɣart ad tennufsel zi lgid d umawes i das-yegga wergaz, ad teqḍu ssnasel i tt-ittejjan lebda d tismeɣt n wergaz.
Tenna Nawal deg wedlis-nnes « tixzarin di tsertit d temɣart d tira »: « wer ittili lḥeqq d tdimuqraṭit illa mala tedḥa tlelli d wemquddi d ij n webrid n tudert di taddart d ccariɛ d sekwila d lxedmet d ufewwej d tirart« .
Zi min tenna:
« Necc ad mmteɣ, cekk ad temmted, maca min itthimman; mamec ɣa tegged ad tɛiced al dd-ixecc nnhar-nnec. »


text:
Lapsn Zahur
Mars 2014
Tbidd v umnid n tdabut n lkyuãk s yat twila ilsan tuctal, udm nns yusi tifras n tmazirt lli s ur tzäaë tvrmt ad tn gis tssfaä, ur ad nn tzri sin d mraw n usgåas, alln ns jjawnt g tzdgi urta tt id kcmnt tmuttal n tvrmt .
Tga d afus, tuvvwä d yan ugzzum n tfrt : « Kf iyi d i rbbi avmis ittyaran g tfrt ad », täfr as d yat tfrt n idrimn. Kcmv tt inn s wawal : « Ur bahra tmaïlt v tvrmt ad? ». Trar d i usqqsi inw s uzmummg, tsqqsa yi « Tvrit may ad v tfras inw ? », nniv as « vriv gisnt tazdgi n tmazirt d ufulki ns, mad igan tmazirt ? ». (suite…)


text:
Le Rifain
Isug yijjen wegraf n ca n 300 n yemsebriden usin-dd zi sseḥra aɣilin, x sselk n wegmir n Mrič zi jjihet n Baryučinu, xsen ad nejmen ad ḍebbren x yexf-nsen. Manaya yemsar ass-a ɣer setta d wezgen n ssbeḥ. Yemmut yijjen wemsebrid, amen nyezmen waṭṭas, zeg-sen tlata zeg ipulisen iseppunya.
Nejmen 50 ɛdun sselk, udfen ɣer temdint n Mrič, inneɣnit qqimen dinni wer ɛdun ca. Usin-dd dinni yewdan n kruc azegg°aɣ aseppanyu, bac ad ggen ddwa i yinni i yeɛdunة zi ssenni mmeksin yinni i yenyezmen ɣer spiṭar n Comercal. inneɣnit qqimen di Plaza de toros.
Zi jjihet nneɣni, usin-dd ijadarmiyen mbezzaɛen x wegmir n Mrič, iwyen-dd tlata n lkiran a deg-sen ɛemmren imsebriden i wer yiwiḍen ad adfen ɣer Mrič.


text:
Sswilen aṭṭas n iɣemmisen x tmesɣiwt n ujellid n Lmuɣrib i ijjen leqṣer di Paris. Ajurnal n lefigaro, yenna belli leqṣer-a i ttuɣa yeɛlem ijjen Usaeudi, iseɣ-it x-as ajellid Muḥemmed wis setta. D manaya i yufa lefigaro, zegga iraḥ ɣer ijjen xinsiya n tudrin di Paris, tufa belli leqṣer-nni tuɣa iɛelm-it Xalid Ben Ṣulṭan Ben Ɛebdeleaziz Al Saeud. Zeg usegg°as n 1988. Leqṣer-a wanita ittwabna di 1912, mamec dag-s ca n 1600 m°. Ajurnal-a, yenna belli leqṣer-a ttuɣa immers i tmenziwt aṭṭas zi mani, maca la d ijjen izɛem x-as. Minzi yeɣla aṭṭas.
Ccaraka n « DSCI Deschanel » ig illan n uejllid, d nettat ig isɣin lqeṣer-a Aparizi. Asinyi n kunṭra-nnes tuɣa deg umeggaru n cher n sebɛa, di beddu n ɣuct, tuɣa yedwel-nnes. Ijurnalen nnan belli ajellid isɣa leqṣer-a s 80 melyun n yurut, maca kkren-d ca n ijurnalen nniḍen nnan izemmer ad yili kter zi manaya.
Sswilen aṭṭas n iɣemmisen x tmesɣiwt n ujellid n Lmuɣrib i ijjen leqṣer di Paris. Ajurnal n lefigaro, yenna belli leqṣer-a i ttuɣa yeɛlem ijjen Usaeudi, iseɣ-it x-as ajellid Muḥemmed wis setta. D manaya i yufa lefigaro, zegga iraḥ ɣer ijjen xinsiya n tudrin di Paris, tufa belli leqṣer-nni tuɣa iɛelm-it Xalid Ben Ṣulṭan Ben Ɛebdeleaziz Al Saeud. Zeg usegg°as n 1988. Leqṣer-a wanita ittwabna di 1912, mamec dag-s ca n 1600 m°. Ajurnal-a, yenna belli leqṣer-a ttuɣa immers i tmenziwt aṭṭas zi mani, maca la d ijjen izɛem x-as. Minzi yeɣla aṭṭas.


text:
Aggur:Tusnakt
Amgrad n ɣassa
Alugaritm agaman nɣ Alugaritm anipiri (s tanglizt : Natural logarithm) tga yat tasɣnt nɣ twwuri tettuysan bahra ɣ tusnakt, ar tsnfal afaris s timrnit zund akkʷ tisɣnin ilugaritm. Ar tt ntara s ɣmk-ad : . Ar nttini mas-d alugaritm agaman nɣ anipiri iga s uzadur n acku , iga alugaritm agaman ula tamnzut n tasɣnt : ɣ uzilal .
Alugaritm ad dars yan yism yaḍni abla "agaman", iga-tt "anipiri". Ism ad yuckad zɣ John Napir nna igan yan umusnak askatlandi, nttat ad akkʷ izwarn ay-skr taflwit talugaritm ( ur trwas xtad lli nssn ɣila nkkni ).
Tettyawskar tazmilt n ulugaritm nna f nsawal nkkni ɣila s ifassn n Grégoire de Saint-Vincent d Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa ɣ usggʷas n 1649
Ad tg , nzḍar ad nini mas-d asnml n tasɣnt talugaritm tga-tt unrar lli illan ɣ izddar n tasɣnt gr d 1.
Ɣikad ast nttara :... (Ɣr uggar...)
Tawlaft n ɣassa
Tamyagart n ɣassa
Ɣ tusnakt, Targadda nɣ tamyagart n Cauchy–Schwarz, tettawsan ula s yism n targadda n Cauchy–Bunyakovsky–Schwarz, tga yat targadda bahra istawhman ɣ tusnakt kullut, ar sis nswurri ɣ aljibr imzirg, taslṭ, tiẓri n tsqqart d kigan n tɣawsiwin yaḍni. Targadda ad issufɣt-id yan umusnak afransis iga s yism Augustin-Louis Cauchy ɣ usggwas n 1821, sliɣ yufa Viktor Bunyakovsky yat targadda trwast akk ɣ mad izdin d aɣrd ɣ usggwas n 1859, mn bɛd yufatt daɣ yan umusnak almani Hermann Amandus Schwarz ɣ usggwas n 1888.
Mad aɣ tettini
Ar ttini targadda n Cauchy–Schwarz mas i akk sin imawayn d n yat tallunt gis afaris agnsan hann rad darnɣ tili
maɣ iga yan ufaris agnsan. S umdya afaris agnsan gis afaris afsnan n ilawn d ismlaln. S ɣmkad, iɣ nusi aẓur uzmir-sin ɣ tsgiwin s snat, d iɣ asn nga alugn. Ar nttafa targadda ad :
D yat tɣawsa yaḍn, tasgiwin s snat gaddan iɣ d gan ilelliyn imzirgn (yaɛni gan imsadaɣn). Iɣ d d ufaris agnsan iga afaris agnsan asmlal anaway, hann targadda tzḍar ad ttyura zund ɣikad (maɣ tirra n taɛṛṛaḍt ar sis nmmal unaftay n ismlaln): i , darnɣ
Ad t igan,
Imgrad mqqurnin
Amḍan amnzu
Amḍan amnzu iga yan umḍan ummid agaman ilan ɣar sin inbḍayn imyallan igan ummidn gn imufrarn (ad tn igan 1 d nttan nit). S ɣmka, 1 ur igi amnzu acku ur dars abla yan unbḍay ummid amufrar; ula 0 ur t igi acku issn ad ittubḍa f imḍanen ummidn imufrarn s timmad nnsn.
Ɣ unmgal, amḍan ummid arilm igan afaris n sin imḍanen ummidn igamanen nttini as uddis. S umdya 6 d 12 d uddisn acku 6 = 2 × 3 d 12 = 3 × 4 nɣ 2 × 6, mac 11 iga amnzu acku 1 d 11 ka igan inbḍayn nns.
Imḍanen 0 d 1 ur gin imnza wala gan uddisn. kra n imusnaktn ssiḍinen zikk-lli (ar tasut tiss 19) 1 d amḍan amnzu, mac ɣ tizwuri n tasut tiss 20, issinf yan umsasa 1 zɣ imḍanen imnza
25 n imḍanen imnza imẓẓiyn f 100 :2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89 d 91. (Ɣr uggar...)
Lqist n ɣassa
Ɣ taskriɣmrt, Asaḍuf n id kusinus (ittawsan ula s yism n tanfalit n kusinus nɣ askkud n Al Kaci) tga yan usaḍuf nna ismunn tiɣziwin n tasgiwin n kra n umkṛaḍ d kusinus n yan zɣ tiɣmriwin. S uswuri n tirra zund tin Fig. 1, asaḍuf n iwankn n id kusinus
maɣ tga tiɣmrt lli illan gr tiɣziwin d d tasga tamuzzlt n . I tawlaft ann nit rad darnɣ ilin ula:
Asaḍuf n id kusinus ar tskar asmata i askkud n Pythagor, nna ur illan dar imkṛaḍn unziɣn: iɣ tga tiɣmrt taɣadant (nna dar illa 90 daraja, nɣ s raḍyan), hann , s ɣmk ad as iskar usaḍuf n id kusinus asmata i askkud n Pythagor:
Ar nswurri s usaḍuf n id kusinus n id kusinus iɣ nra ad nḥasb tiɣmrt tiss kraḍt n kra n umkṛaḍ iɣ yad tawssan darnɣ snat tasgiwin d tiɣmrt nnsn iqqnn, d ula ɣ lḥsab n tiɣmriwin n kra n umkṛaḍ iɣ yad ttawssan darnɣ tasgiwin nns s kraḍ-itsnt. (Ɣr uggar...)
Awsat ɣ Wikipidya taclḥit
- Tram ad tdrum? Ɣṛat ilugann d taratin, tḍfṛm aylli illan ɣ tasniwin n Tiwizi. Ur d iqqan uzmmem mac ittuwṣṣa sis
- Awsat ɣ tirra n imgradn n Wikipidya s tutlayt Taclḥit af ad yimɣur uggar.
- Iɣ tsɣawsat s tiwisi ɣ tirra n imnnitn, tẓḍaṛt ad nn taggʷt ɣ Tasna n Tiwisi.


text:
Das magische Theater*
In Finanzkrisenzeiten
Berg runter, Berg rauf
Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten
Melden ihr Haus zum Verkauf
Der Geier sah dann Licht
Und bietet ihnen das Hexenhaus
Hänsel und Gretel blieben dort aber nicht
Schnell gingen Sie wieder raus
Wo ist das Gold geblieben?
Die armen Kinder nahmen mit sich kaum
Für Kikiriki und Bellen
Bleibt nur der Traum
Die Räuber waren schon da
Der Geier wusste alles
Wir wählen die Agenda
Und stimmen alle „YES“
Die Bosse sind alle gleich
von vorne wie von Hinten
Anna Blume wurde bleich
Sie schaute wie sie sich bedienten
Wo ist der Steppenwolf?
Sucht er immer noch weiter?
Spendet ihm einen Anruf!
Hier ist das magische Theater
Wir geben Keinem Rat
Wir ändern nur den Titel
So wie von „Professor Unrat“
Zu „ Der Blaue Engel“
Wo ist das Gold geblieben?
Die Hexe ist ja tot
Wozu das ganze Beben?
Die Katze lebt in Not
Wozu? Wieso? Wofür?
Das Leben ist kein Knast
Der Esel kann nichts dafür
Er trägt nur die Last.
Seid At Meemmer
*Mi sutreɣ i Sɛid ayen d-yellan deg usefru-ya, hata wayen i yi-d-yenna :
" Asefru uriɣ-t ɣef La crise économique mondiale n useggas yezrin, uriɣ-t s tmeslayt n warrac yakked tin n yemɣaren. Segzaɣ-d tamuɣli-w ɣef yibandiyen d aɣ-ikessen am lmal nekkni s wigi yellan ukessar, amek tturaren s ddunit-nneɣ, atg. ayagi segzaɣ-t-id s kra n tukkisin n yellan di tmucuha n watmaten Grimm, maca, semlaleɣ iɛeggalen n waṭas n twaculin ɣer yiwet n terbut, ayagi i warrac. I yemɣaren ddmeɣ-d kra si tsekla n Herman Hesse, Kurt Schwitters yakked Heirich Mann(gma-s n Thomas). Ma d azwel, d amezgun n ssḥur, d ayen yettnadi Harry Haller, d amezgun n ssḥur ideg ulac anekcum i yal d amdan, deg ungal"Der Steppenwolf" n Hermann Hesse. "


text:
Tijellabin
Tijelabin d tamdint n Dzayer i yezgan-d ar tama utaram n Tmurt n Leqbayel di ugezdu n Bumerdas gar Tizi n At Ɛica d Budwaw ar 45 km n Dzayer tamaneɣt d 55km si Tizi Wezzu ar ugmuḍ. Tezga-d ar 4km n temdint n Bumerdas.
Ass-a, tigti n At Tijelabin ttmeslayen s teɛrabt gar-asen, kra n tuddar tineṣliyin kan i yettmeslayen s teqbaylit deg tɣiwant-nni.
Tarakalt[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Asideg (timella)[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tuddar[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- Tijelabin
- Dreɛ Xuǧa
- Ɛli Ɛumar
- Sidi Yeḥya
- Mḥammed Ben Ccergael
- Ɛli Weɛmar (Ɛli Benɛmer)
- Lɛellegeyya Fugani
- Ɛin Ṣṣeḥra
- Sid Ḥmed
- Ɛin Nwan
- Ɛin Lkalb (Tala n Weydi)
- Ɛin Tijelabin (Tala n Tijelabin)
- Tizi Webrun
- At Fuda (Bni Fuda)
- Lemrayel
- At Bumerdas (Wlad Bumerdas)
- Taxerraṭ
- At Lqudeyya
- At Ccix
- Berraɣlu
- Wad Buǧellul (Iɣzer Bujelul)
- Tala Ibessisen (Ɛin Bessisen)
- Mejber
- Ṣefṣaf
- At Ḥemmuda
- Wlad Belḥasnet


text:
Alɣu
Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa ad iberreḥ s beddu n teẓrigt tis 3 n warraz n uselway n tegduda n tsekla d tutlayt n tmaziɣt. Asiggez yeldi seg 26 yunyu ar 26 wember 2022.
Attikki deg warraz ad yili s ubrid n usiggez ɣef sit anternet arraz.hcamazighite.dz, timzizzelt terza tismilin n tesnilest, tasekla d tasuqilt, anadi deg tgemmi tarangant n tmaziɣt, d tussna tatiknulujit d wumḍin.
Iwakken ad d-ibeggen udem aɣelnaw n tmaziɣt, asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa, yezgan iqeddec deg tɣemmar n tmurt meṛṛa, yefren ad termes Temnaḍt n Tɣardayt tafugla tunṣibt n tukci n warrazen n teẓrigt tis 3, ilmend n tmeɣra taɣelnawt tunṣibt n umenzu n yennayer 2973/2023.


text:
Yura usit n Nadorcity belli Ttamek yebda ad yesmutti inekraf n Lḥirak i ttuɣa yekksen x macca ɣer yijjen leḥbes.
Mamek tenna belli ass‑a smunen inekraf di Tanja, waxxa nitni ttuɣa ttettren ad mmuttyen ɣer selwan. Maca marra inekraf smuttyen‑ten, kkes zzag‑sen Naser Zefzafi, d Nabil Aḥemjiq.
Naser mazal wer yelli ca mliḥ di sseḥḥet‑nnes, s uyenni ad iɛeṭṭer usmutti‑nnes. Nabil yixḍer ad kid‑s yeqqim di Ras Lma (Fas) ar ɣa yeggenfa. Ɛlaḥsab min dd-yusin di Nadorcity.
Inekraf kksen 25 n wussan x macca, ttettren zzag‑s ad ten-smunen deg yijjen leḥbes, mamek ttren ca n tmeslayin nniḍn. Sbedden tikkest x macca ass n 8 cutenbir, zegga dasen-ucin awal a dasen-ggen min ttettren.


text:
Le Rifain
Paola De Simone, d taselmadt di tseddawit n Buenos Aires di Argentina. Amen i ttuɣa tt-ḍeffren 40 n imeḥḍaren di « Zoom » ass n larbeɛ 2 cutanbir 2020 , ttuɣa tessɣara-ten zi lagg°aj x umezruy n umaḍal di lqern 20. Qbel i ɣa ttwalan imeḥḍaren belli tbedd, wer teqqim ca tessawal. Ttwalan-tt ɛawed tettɣufa, wer tzemmer ad terr nnefs.
Imeḥḍaren-nnes ttuɣa ttseqsan-tt bac a dasen-tessken landris-nnes ḥuma ad laɣan i labilans, maca wer tezmir ca a x-asen terr, alami i dd-irewweḥ wergaz-nnes i yellan d aḍbib, yufa-tt temmut.
Paola (46 n isegg°usa), 15 n isegg°usa nettat tessɣara di tseddawit n Buenos Aires . Ttuɣa tenna deg yijjen tzemmemt di twitter belli aqa deg-s abirus n covid-19.
Tɛezza-tt tseddawit, tenna belli txeyyeq x lmewt-nnes, tenna x-as belli ttuɣa-tt d ijjen temselmedt d tameqqrant.
Michelle, i yellan d ijjten zi tmeḥḍarin i yeɣrin ɣer Paola De Simone, tenna x-as deg yijjen tzemmemt di twitter amen dd-tefser ijjen tteswirt-nnes teqqimx lbiru: « Umi iɣriɣ Paola De Simone, teḍra-dd ɣer-i tteswirt-a. Ya tamselmedt niɣ! Tejja iwdan walli ɣir ad fehmen tademsa (L’économie) waha, maca tejja-ten a tt-xsen… »
Arjentina, zi tmura i di yegga ubirus n kuruna min x-as. yelqef ca n 472 000 n yewdan. Yenɣa zeg-sen kter zi 9700.


text:
Kuruna ttuɣa yeḥwaj yallah 32 n wussan maḥend ad immutti zi 32 melyun n imehlak ar 40 melyun. Qbel, ttuɣa yeḥwaj 38 n wussan maḥend ad imutti zi 20 ar 30 melyun. Mamec yeḥwaj 44 n wussan maḥend ad imutti zi ɛecra ar ɛicrin melyun n imehlak. Mani ttuɣa abirus ila yeḥwaj telta chur maḥend ad yaweḍ ɛecra melyun tamezwarut. Zeg wami i d-iban abirus di twalat tamezwarut di temdint n Wuhan Tacinwit.
Lehlak-a izemmem ca n nnumrawat uɛlan aṭṭas. Ttakk°aḍen ar 400 alef deg wass. Deg yimalas i yiɛdan wwḍen nnumrawat ɣer ca 347 alef n imehlak deg wass deg umaḍal. Nettaf di tmura n Umarikan d Lhind, d nitnti d timura inḍerren s kuruna deg umaḍal qqae. Awern-as-tent dinni Arrusiya, Kulumbiya, Braẓil, Miksik, Piru, Arjuntin…
Kuruna ttuɣa yeḥwaj yallah 32 n wussan maḥend ad immutti zi 32 melyun n imehlak ar 40 melyun. Qbel, ttuɣa yeḥwaj 38 n wussan maḥend ad imutti zi 20 ar 30 melyun. Mamec yeḥwaj 44 n wussan maḥend ad imutti zi ɛecra ar ɛicrin melyun n imehlak. Mani ttuɣa abirus ila yeḥwaj telta chur maḥend ad yaweḍ ɛecra melyun tamezwarut. Zeg wami i d-iban abirus di twalat tamezwarut di temdint n Wuhan Tacinwit.


text:
Tuɣdaḍt-nneɣ: aḥraz n internet yeldin daɣen yettwakcam i meṛṛa.
Tarbaɛt-nneɣ tanemhalt tella udem ɣer wudem deg bennu n Internet uzmir seg wass amezwaru. D ayen yellan d tririt-nniḍen i tkebbaniyin yeṭɣan, tura yuɣal d lǧehd amaḍalan i lfayda n yal yiwen srid.
Ticki tseqdaceḍ Firefox amaynut, ad tawiḍ tarmit d tuzribt nezzeh ticki teddiḍ ɣer tuɣdaḍt n Mozilla n uḥraz n Internet deg tezmert yelhan, d anaṣli, yesterḥiben s yal yiwen.
Read about our vision for the Web and how we intend to pursue that vision.
Ipudkasten IRL n Mozilla, tin yettmeslayen ɣef tetiknulujit Manoush Zomorodi, tbeṭṭu tiqsiḍin n tidet srid daɣen tettawi-d awal n tidet ɣef uzekka neɣ imal n web.
Mozilla tzewwir imdanen uqbel abaɣur ɣef wayen akk i d-neqqar, i nbennu neɣ i nxeddem. S tidet, tasbeddit ur yettnadin ara tadrimt a-tt-an deg tlemmast n tkebbanit-nneɣ.Issin ugar ɣef Mozilla Foundation
Insayen i nura deg 1998 nsedday-iten arma d tura. Daɣen deg 2018, nerna insayen-nniḍen yettmuddun azal i tguri, tudert tabaḍnit, akked tɣellist srid i yimdanen meṛṛa.Γeṛ ameskan
2000 n yinebgawen i d-irezzun yal aseggas
500 n yittekkiyen deg Berlin aseggas-a
800 n teqreɛtin n lqahwa i teasemmaḍt i tessen yal aseggas.


text:
Ɛaziz Axnnuc
Ɛaziz Axnuc (s taɛrabt: عزيز أخنوش; illul 1961 in ɣ Tfrawt) iga yan urgaz n lmacariɛ amɣribi d umawsas n tafllaḥt zɣ 2007. Ig ula amawsas azwaru n Lmɣrib zɣ 2021.[1]
Amawsas azwaru[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tfra tnna tmawast g usiwḍ ad mas isnubg bab n waddur agllid Muḥammd Wiss Sḍiṣ ad t inṣṛ ṛbbi ,imun d bab n tattuyt tagldant amkkusu n tgldit mulay lḥasan, assa n usimwas 10 cutanbir 2021 g tagadirt tagldant n Fas mass Ɛaziz Axnuc anssixf n ugraw anamur n yisimann istit ad ig anssixf n tnbaḍt ismglt s tugi n tnbaḍt tamaynut.
Irnu inna usiwḍ mas tkcm tɣuri yad g usati n iswirn n udustur d tyafutin n istayn uzrifn n 8 cutanbir 2021.


text:
Tinigt n yigṭaṭ
Tinigt n yigṭaṭ d tinigt taɣersawt igan d amussu amsemhuy n waṭas n telmas n iylalen. Agaǧǧi ayi deg umedya d tarewla ɣef kra n ideggan dgi yettedrus (yettenqas) wučči s usrag (f ssebba) n kra n tmentilin am usnifel n unezwu mi ara ad yeɣli usemmiṭ maca tinigt-a tettak-d affud meqqren i wemyaraw. Deg wakuden igejdanen n tinigt yettili-d uqaful n wermud n tinigt deg tallit uɣelluy alamma d tlemmast n yiṭ neɣ ɣef 1 n tnezzayt, Deg tefrara irennu-d wemdan n iminigen (iminigen n wass tikkelt-a)
Aṭas n tumanin ssetrern-t asseknu n tezrawt n tinigt-a. Yakk imanayen erran tamawt i wsemdu n usmeskel anezway ɣef ussezdeɣ yettnernin i kra n telmas am usaflaw d usaflu arurad
Tinigt n kra n telmas am weswu d tmilla d tfirellas d tin yettusemlin send n 3000 n iseggasen sɣur imeskaren n igrikiyen imziken am Homer d Aristot akken daɣen iy tettusemli deg wedlis n Yub


text:
Ayda
Ayda d yiwet n tceqquft n l'opéra i yurra yiwen n utelyani umi qqaren Verdi.
Abrid amezwaru anda i d-ɛedda deg temdint n Lqahira deg tmurt n Maṣer deg useggas n 1871.
Taceqquft agi tettemeslay-d ɣef yiwet n tallit uqbel talalit n ɛissa.
Deg tgelda n Maṣer, yella yiwen ugellid (isem-is : ) yesɛan yelli-s (umi qqaren: Amneris). Yelli-s agi teɛceq deg yiwen n usardas n Baba-s. Aserdas agi (isem-ines : Ɣadames), netta, iḥemmel yiwen n teqcict (isem-is : Ayda). Ayda nettat d taklit n yelli-s n ugellid n Maṣer. Dɣa yelli-s n ugellid n Maser (Amenris), tettasem deg tayri yellan ger Ayda akked Ɣadames.
Yiwen wass akken, yekker traḍ ger tmurt n Maṣer akked tmurt n Tyupia (Ethiopie). Ɣadames yella ɣef uqarruy n iṣerdasen n ugellid n Maṣer (général). Iruḥ dɣa ad yennaɣ.
Ɣadames irrebaḥ traḍ. Yuɣal-d dɣa. Mi d-yewweḍ, medden akk ferḥen yis-s ula d agellit n Maṣer. Iwakken ad yesnemmir (remercier) yefka-yas yelli-s ad-tt-yaɣ.
Maca Ɣadames akked Ayda ur friḥen ara.


text:
Urar « Ncnin » d ijj n ugraw adelsan teggi-t tmesmunt Clack s uswizi ag ômnium Cultural Mataró. D ijjet n tezmert d taṣebḥant s waṭṭaṣ terra-dd cwayt n buḥbel gi « ssuq » n tdelsa d tẓuri i isnuffer Kufid-19.
G urar-a, ttwaggen aṭṭaṣ n iɣimiten mani dd-snewjwen iwdan zeg iger n tẓuri (leɣnuj, asefru, asuneɣ, …) d yiger n tdelsa. Iwdan fajan cwit zi ila ɣummen s unuffar d ineɣmisen iɛeffanen i dd-yuru kufid.
Ass n 23 zi yulyuz, taṣeḍma Tilelli-Twattun tecrek g urar-a s leɣnuj « Rẓem tawwurt », « Xalti Lwazna », « Ddez g idiydeg » d « Tteḥissifeɣ-am ». Wi din iḥeḍren iɛjb-ay lḥal s waṭṭaṣ. Ila tella d ijjt n tlemmiẓt (lfurṣa) ad tettwassen tdelsa Tamaziɣt umi ittwagg ccan d ameqqran ass-nni. Xleli d asefru amaziɣ iḥḍar s tɣuri n ijjt n tqessist d taqbaylit s tmijja d tarumit.


text:
Di tmurt n Tunes, deg wayyur n yannayer tella-d yiwet n tegrawla s wazal-is deg i d-yesken weɣref lebɣi-s s uɣluy n usnaraf Ben Ɛli mbaɛd 23 iseggasen leḥkem amsaltu.
Si tama-nniḍen aḍu i d-isuḍen ɣef Maṣer deg ayuren n yannayer akked fuṛaṛ, yegla-d s tuksa n ufarɛun mbaɛd 30 n iseggasen n leḥkem asnaraf.
Aḍu n tlelli d tugdut ikemmel deg webrid-is iḥuza timura-nniḍen, Libya, Lbeḥrin, Lyamen…
Di Libya, ɣas ma ahat sebba n waya d ddel id-yewwi « Lqeddafi », seg-mi yeṭṭef akersi yugi ad as-iserreḥ 42 n iseggasen?! Ccwalat-agi i d-iḍerrun di tmura n Libya neɣ di Lbehrin akked tmura i tent-icban d ayen ur yettamen yiwen.
Imi wid i tent-iḥekmen d abrak iberken ɣef udabu alarmi mmuten. U yerna s udebbuz iferrun timsal-nsen. Akka i d timura yeḥkem bu ɛmam, s ufella bannet-d cebḥent, zdaxel rkant.
I di tmurt-agi-nneɣ melmi ara d-isuḍ waḍu n tlelli d tugdut? Melmi ara d-ffɣen yemdanen ɣer iberdan, afus deg ufus ad d-innin: « neɛya deg ubeddel n wudmawen; nebɣa adyeɣli leḥkem ». Melmi ara d-yekker uɛsekri ad d-yerr asirem i wegdud s ibeddi-ines ɣer tama n wegdud yettwarzen afus aḍar?
Ayagi ad yeqqim d targit kan. Ayagi, ar melmi ara ad d-yesseɣres wegdud Aqbayli, ad yerẓ asalu, ad yekkes taɛkemt ɣef uqerruy-is yettwaxelsen s idammen n wid yeɣlin di tnekriwin yezrin mgal leḥkem n « iwaɣzniwen » yettsummun idim n wegdud war tawant.
Assen ahat tamurt ad ttbeddel udem. Ad ldint tewwura i tugdut d tlelli. Ad kksent tekmamin yellan ɣef yimi. Ad d-yuɣal wawal i wegdud?!


text:
Paul Cézanne d amekla (peintre) afrensis (ilul deg Aix-en-Provence deg 1839, yemmut deg temdint-a deg 1906).
Cézanne yella d amekla ay yeddan deg uɣanib n temsemzunt (impressionnisme) aydeg anaẓur yesɛa tilelli akken ad d-yefk tugna n wayen yettwali war ma yettwaqqen s yilugan n tmeskadimit. Cézanne iga-d tifelwiyin n wudmawen (Imariren n tkarḍa, [les Joueurs de cartes), n ugama yemmuten akked yimeẓriyen (paysages) (am tfelwiyin n Sainte-Victoire). Anaẓur-a yurar dduṛ deg tlalit n yiɣunab imeqranen n teklut (peinture) deg lqern wis 20 (tamsewrast, tamesgasast, tadwant).


text:
Is ufan imazighn ad syafutn g trmiwin n wiyad? Is ur ufin ad ttwargan awd nttni tiwargiwin zilnin? Is ur irwas waddad (situation) lli g llan ass ad addad n isggann g marikan n zikk?
Gr ifassn nnun(t) asughl n yan umagrad iga mad tzrram, mac s tittawin n uswingm…
Zdat n tsdimrawin (soixantaines
) n tasut ad izrin, ikka tt inn da ittyara xf isuttca (restaurants
) lli s ar ttidun umliln n Marikan: “ansa ad ittuwgdal xf isggann, d udayn, d idan”. Ikk tt inn umarikan asggan, illa fllas ad iffal asgawr ns (sa place
) g ttubis i umlil.
G usggas 1955 tugi yat tmirikanit tasggant qqarn as Ruza Barks, ad tfl asgawr ns, tini: “Rmigh g wanaw ad n uzdam!”. Tamahalt (courageuse
) ad n tsdnan (timgharin) ad d isnusin amussu n izrfan ighrmann (droits civils
) g Marikan, yamz fllas g tgira umghnas duktur Matrin Luther King.
G 28 ghuct g usggas 1963 izzri umghnas axatar Martin Luther King inaw ns (son discours
) asrtan “Dari yat twargit” g dat n igdudn n umussu ns g Wacinton lli igan tazuznt (capitale
) n Marikan, inna gis: “Tamurt ad ur ad tsiya ar d yamz ufgan asggan izrfan ns inamurn s timmad nsn". G tizi ann nit ismmtr (conseiller) imdfarn ns ad ur urrin s uzuccl (violence
) mk nna hlli iga wanaw ns.
Amghnas ad lli mmi tfka tussna ns immuzzan (large
) ad issn mamk s ar ttidunt tghawsiwin, issn is ur yallfus (il n’est pas possible
) ad yili usdrf (libération) n isggann igh d zwar ur iduy unuga (conscience
) n tugtt n umliln, isawl yini: “Tugtt n aytmatngh umliln ussan ad, ssnn is d artum nsn (leur destin
) izdi d urtum ngh, d tlilli nsn ur tngara d tingh, mac tawargit ad ur ad tili, igh ur tlli tghnsa (militantisme
) n isggann i ixfawn nsn, ur izmr yan ad issudu xf tdawt nk, igh as yad ur tknit...”.
Aya d iga yat tmsirdt (leçon
) ifawn i tmdrusin (minorités
) lli llanin g ubrid n tghnsa xf ad lkmnt tidrfit, d izrfan gaddanin, kra da ittannay is d abrid n usdrf iga t ad ig amghnas n ixf ns, iqqn xf wiyad, kra yadn ar issutur ar ittmntra anuga n willi ganin tugtt, min (sans
) kra n tghnsa, ku yan g ibrdan (voies
) ad, ur ar ittawi s yat tmttint (nation
) imunn, aya d da t bdda nttini g tghzi n isggasn ad zrinin, iqqan d timdrusin ad nn kknt isadufn (issus
) ad s sinitsn, ssnn is ur illi unmmzray gr snat tgharasin ad igh munnt s snat, ghas g dar tmdrusin lli ranin ad ngirint s yat twala d willi ganin tugtt g tmurt.
Isrs Martin Luther King timatarin n ubrid i tghnsa n tmdrusin; iga t ubrid war azuccl, abrid n twisi xf aylli ismunn tamdrust d tugtt, d ad mmaghn ad d sduyn anuga ns anamur d unfgan (humanitaire
) d ubrid n uzubdu n tghnsa, d usdus ns.
Mac aylli isugrn attas g tbrat ns iga t llig inna: “Ajjat agh ad ur nzdgh g talat n trsant (désespoir
)”. Mac igh nzra tamurt ak, hat tililli d tghdmt d tdimukrasit ad igan abrid awlawal n usdrf n ufgan, d tuska n yat tmurt ilan azrkki (respect
) inna: “Ajjat tililli ad ttirir, tg ilmma Marikan yat tmttint n tidt.”
G 14 n abril 1968 ingha yan ufus anabkad (assassin
) Martin Lutr King, mac taghnsa ns d iman ns d twuri ns d tuwargit ns ur mmutn.
G usggas 1964 usan d izrfan ighrmann lli xf immagh Martin Lutr King, g tgira n kkuzt tmrawin n isggasn, jjin waggasn n Marikan, tssnti ar tjji g wattann ns (ses maux
) lli igan win umzruy, irz Barak Ubama imggura n tsiwagh tiqqburin.
G usggas 2005 tafud Ruza Barks lli izzrin g tudrt ns 92 n isggasn, inzd (donner l’ordre
) uslway n marikan Bush amzyan ad grawlnt tcnyalin (drapeaux), ig mk ann tamatart n ussimghur ns, gn inn tafkka ns g jaj n ukungris allig rad nn ttuwmdal, aya d iga yan unsay (tradition
) ur ar t lkkmnt ghas udmawn xatrnin g umzruy n Marikan, ur ittuwskar i kra ur igin 30 n uggidn (personnes
) lli tt izwarn.
G abril 2008 ttuwskar yat tfugla g ukungris tzli s ukttay n 40 n isggasn zrinin xf tmttant n Martin Luther King, g usggas ann nit tlkn (se réaliser
) twargit ns lli xf isawl g 1963, llig imurs Ubama g tfranin (élections
) n Marikan ig aslway n Marikan ak. Ilmma iga 4 nwanbir 2008 yan wass mqqurn g umzruy n marikan llig munn middn ak, stin yan urgaz ad ig aslway n tmurt, min ad nn smaqqln s uklu ns (sa couleur
) d uzur ns d usghan (religion
) ns.
*S’est réalisée
Mohammed Akunad
http://www.akunad.com


text:
خناثة أو عندما يخدش الحياء
ارتأينا أن نكتب هذا المقال باللغة الأمازيغية ونخوض التجربة للمرة الأولى لاعتبارات كثيرة يتداخل فيها الذاتي والموضوعي لعل أهمّها التأكيد على قوة هذه اللغة تركيبيا ومعجميا وقدرتها على التعبير الكتابي رغم تاريخها الشفهي الطويل، ثم ضرورة توظيفها في وسائل التواصل المختلفة بدون أي مركب نقص، عطفا على الرغبة في التمرّن على استعمالها في مستوى ثقافي وأكاديمي راقيين.
Iga usdaw n uzmmem n wassaɣn n tslmyiwin g isayrutn n waddad uɣrim iḍfaṛn i tmawast n tgwnsa yat tmntilt ur jjin iffiɣn amrara n wawal g tmurt nnɣ, s wis da ttaggin kigan n imsuɣn d islwayn n tgrawin ad zmmemn assaɣn imaziɣn g isayrutn n waddad uɣrim g ma ay gan tamnaḍt n tmazirt, aynna d yujjan kigan n imxumbar i imarawn, d yat twlaft tabrrkant ɣif yigr n izrfan n ufgan g tmurt nnaɣ.
Agddul n wassaɣn imaziɣn ur igi win wassa, mac kusan t isayrutn n waddad uɣrim sg tmktayin –timazdarin- n umawas izrin n tgwnsa mass dris lbaṣṛi, timktayin ittwaskarn lli g tsul tmaziɣt tga yan wawuf ɣur uwank, d urta ttusnṣib g tmnḍawt n tmurt. Agddul ur ibddin ɣif ka n tirslt tazrfant ifawn, acku tlla tmktit ittugan i inbbaḍn n tsggiwin g tmnaḍin g ibrir 2010, sg digsn issuturn ad zmmemn assaɣn imaziɣn min tafada nɣ tirft.
Ad nsskty ma s mqqar ur illi warra igddln assaɣ amaziɣ g uzmmem, suln wahli n imarawn da ttafan, s assa, timukras timqqranin, tinna izdin s unlli amrku n imsɣan iggzn g war tusna, nɣ suln ṭṭfn g yan uzmz n usnuḥyu d usslku. g usati ad, iqqan awank ad yasy tamstggart nns ismdn issikz i tmrsal asati ulgin s tssutal n usmuttg, afad ad isfsis ɣif inmuritn tazzliwin n uzmmem n warraw nnsn.
Tamntilt n wassaɣn, tnzɣ aɣ d s yan wassaɣ d yaɣuln ussan ad kigan g tbadutin, assaɣ n “xnata”, yan wassaɣ ttggant tawjiwin tifasiyin s uẓlay, assaɣ war anamk ifawn ibunu g tutlayt taɛrabt, ig d nusy amawal aɛrab, da nn nttafa: خُناثة tga مُخنَّث, ar ittuyini i uɛrrim amlwaɣ, amlḍaḍay, walli ɣur tawlaft n urgaz mac timskrt d tikli n tmɣarin. Ar ittini umawal “muɛjam al-maɛani” استرخى ولان وتثنَّى وتكسَّر كالنِّساء فهو على صورة الرجال وأحوال النساء.
Addag d naɣul s tutlayt tamaziɣt, assaɣ n “xnata” ar isḥcam, ur izmir awd yan ad t yini nɣ as islla ammas n taddart nns, acku iga yat tguri ixwcn tkcm g umawal awsyan, mac isarutn d umzgun imɣrabin idarijufunin suln ssudunt g inzwayn d tbadutin, aynna iṛẓẓan tibrt d wawan gr warraw d imarawn nnsn.
Nnsn is immr kigan ad ittyikks wassaɣ n “xnata” g wayda n ifasiyn, s wis iga tadrfit d ustay animan, mac ar nssutur ad ur ittgaday g imassn n usɣms anamur, acku tsmanaɣ tmazirt ismun aɣ idls, d icil i ku yan ad izrk wiyyaḍ.
Ad nsskty ma as d azmmem n tslmyiwin g tmurt nnɣ da t isdus uslgn uṭṭun 37.99 issntyn tigawt asggwas n 2002, ar tettsddid tmtta nns tiss 21 ɣf usuɣn n wad ig wassaɣ amɣrabi, ur igin uddis n nnig sin wassaɣn, nɣ win iɣrm nɣ usun nɣ tawsit d wad ur ittawḍ taɣariwin d unmala amatay.
G tgira n umgrad ad, da nssitim ad rmsn imɣrabin qaḥ, is ur inim ad nagy ad nzmmem assaɣn n igldan imaziɣn ikkan g umzruy ṣkun taɣrma nnɣ tasutin ɣf tiyyaḍ zun d massinissa d yugrtn d sifaqs d yuba ammas n wiyyaḍ, ar ttuzmmamn wassaɣn iṛẓẓan tibrt ar ssuriɣn udmawn.
أستاذ متخصص في اللغة الامازيغية ورئيس المنتدى الامازيغي للصحافة والاعلام والكاتب العام الوطني لكنفدرالية جمعيات مدرسي اللغة الامازيغية بالمغرب


text:
Browsing UT-Faculty of Engineering by Author "D ED I SA H P U TR A"
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I M PL E M E N T A S I S PE K T R U M R E S PO N S G E M PA PA D A N G PA D A G E D U N G L A B O R M I C R O T E A C H I N G U N I V E R S I T A S N E G E R I PA D A N G D E N G A N M E T O D E A N A L I S I S S PE K T R U M R E S PO N S D ED I SA H P U TR A (2014-01-29)M e nur ut S N I 03 1726 2002 pe r e n c a na a n ke t a ha na n g e m p a pa d a s t r u kt ur ba ng un a n g e dun g da pa t m e ngg una ...


text:
Muḥammad
Iga Muḥammad (s tɛrabt: محمد) nɣ s yism nns iɣzzifn Abu Alqasim Muḥammad Bnu Ɛabdillah Bnu Ɛabdilmuṭṭalib amɣar aɛrab d argaz n ddin d tsrtit, yucka-d zɣ taqbilt n Qurayc. Nttan ad ibdan ddin n Lislam d iga dar imuslmn arqqas n rbbi lli kullu iggʷran. Zɣ mad illan ɣ umzruy amuslm, iluld Muḥammad ɣ Makka ɣ 22 abril usggwas n 571 b.ɛ, d immt ɣ Lmadina ɣ 8 yunyu n usggwas n 632 b.ɛ.
Iddr Muḥammad igigil zɣ timẓi nns, immut as babas urta d akk ilul, tmmut as mas lliɣ sul imẓẓiy. Irbbut jddis Ɛabd Almuṭṭalib, mn bɛd idda dar ɛmmis Abi Ṭalib. Ur jju d ikka tinml d ur tin ikka issn ad yaqra ula ad iɣr. Isala tawuri zɣ timẓi, lliɣ bḥra ibda lxdmt iga srraḥ, mn bɛd izri s ttijara ar iznza ar issaɣ. Ikka tt inn iga yan urgaz iskarn twuri nns xklli s ixssa as ttuyskar. Lliɣ ilkm 25 usggwas, itahl yat tmɣart ikka tt inn yadli ixdm dars, tga s yism Xadija.
Immut Muḥammad ɣ usggwas n 632 lliɣ tn dars ikka 62 usggwas, d yujja imuslmn munn kullu d nttni ad ikmln f tbrat nns d nttni ad incrn Lislam ɣ kigan n idɣarn ɣ umaḍal aylliɣ ilkm ar tmazirt n Lmɣrib d Andalus ɣ ammas n tmazirt n Ṣbanya ɣ utaram d tmazirt n Indunisya d Ccinwa ɣ ugmuḍ.
Ar ttinin imuslmn masd nttan ad kullu iggʷran ɣ irqqasn n isgdan nɣd ddyanat id ikkan ignna (samawiya). D iga urgaz llid yiwin tabrat n Allah at igan rbbi n Lislam. Ig yan isbidnn Ddin lislam itfrt aylliɣ iga asrf lli itkrafn imtfirns f gigan n tiɣarasin n tsrtit d tadamsa d tusna. Ar ittini masd fllas igz anir Jbril d ma sasd yiwi tabrat dar rbbi.
Iɣbula i fllas isawlnsnfl
Lquransnfl
Lquran neɣ Quran (s taɛrabt : القرآن —Al qu'ran neɣ القرآن الكريم—Al-qur'an al-karim ) iga aḍris asgdan akkʷ ilan atig ɣ Lislam. Ar tinnin imuslmn ɣ is iga awal n rbbi d is-d netta ad t-id issugzn f umazan nnes Muḥmmad. Ar ɣassad, udlis ad iga udlis amzwaru d udlis nna akk iqburn ittawsan is ittyura s tutlayt taɛrabt.
Umnen akkʷ imuslmn d imumnen s lquran is iga awal n rbbi isggizt-id s ils aɛrab lmubin, f umazan Muḥammad s ubrid n lmalak Jibril ɣ kigan n tmldawin zɣ lbiɛta nns ɣ usggʷas 610 ar tamttant nns ɣ wass n 8 yunyu 632. Ibḍa Lquran s 114 n tassurt, illa gis 6236 n layat. Illa ɣ Lquran layat makkiya d tiyyaḍ madaniyya. Lquran lkarim iga adlis amggaru zɣ idlisn n rbbi, issgizt rbbi f nbi Muḥammad . D tilawat n lquran d ussfld nns d twuri sis gan kullu lɛibadat ar sisn ittaẓ umuslm i rbbi bac ayzddig ul nns. Tssnti tɣrma n imuslmn dffir ma iggiz Lquran s wakal.