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Si Wikipedia, tasanayt tilellit.
I imagraden s taynisemt, ẓer Smith
.
Adam Smith
Afelsuf utrim
Adamsan akelsak
{{XVIII}}
beddel
Adam Smith ( - ) d afelsuf dɣa adamsan abriṭani n Tufawin. Yeqqim deg umezruy am baba-s n tussna tudmist tatrart, ayɣef amahil agejdan, Tabaɣurt n iɣlanen, d yiwen n iḍrisen imesbedden n ulellamẓri udmis. Aselmad n tafelsuft tazerfant di tasdawit n Glasgow, yefka-d mraw iseggwasen n tameddurt-is i uḍris agi yehregen idemsanen imeqranen uḍfiren, widak Karl Marx yetsemmi « ikelsaken » dɣa ad ersen imenzayen imeqranen n alellamẓri udmis.
Aṭas n medden ssnen Adam Smith asmi yura yiwen udlis g useggwas n 1776 umi qqaren Wealth of Nations (Ayla n Iɣlanen); d bab n weḍru n tikta n talellamt (libéralisme).
- The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759)
- An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776)


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Tikwal kra n wawalen i d-nnan yakan yiḥeddaden n wawal, deg yiwet n tallit yezrin, ttafen tbut-nsen d yinumak-nsen deg tmetti mi eeddan yisagssen fell-asen. Akka dɣa, mi ara nezzi ass-a ɣer “Tibratin” i yura Lounis Ait Menguellet, ad naf belli kra d-yenna deg lawan-nni yesea udem-ines deg tegnit n wass-a.
Ay iḥbiben-iw ad ken-ǧǧeɣ
S kunwi s wayen i nebda
Leahed i yid-wen cerkeɣ
Ugadeɣ ur zmireɣ ara
Tebɣam taswiet ad tbeddel
Tebɣam ad d-iban lefḥel
Tebdam teggulem ad tkemmel
Mennaɣ ad tawḍem
Ass-a d acu i d-yeggran di tcacit ? D acu i d-yeqqimen deg usirem i iḍefren tullya n tugdut deffir tidyanin n tuber 2008? Anda i d-ggran ikabaren i d-ilulen imiren ? Ikabaren yeggulen ur ḥniten ad qeddcen s lmun ɣef ugdud akken tameict ad as-telhu, akken tudert n lisser akked lehna ad tuɣal d nṣib n yizzariyen merra ? Anda-t leahed-nni fkan yimḍebbren n yikabaren-agi deg lawan n tefranin ? Anda akka i d-ggran yimeɣnasen-nsen deg tallit n tura ? Γaben la lḥess, la lmenṭeq! Yenna Lewnis :
Ǧǧiɣ leahed-iw ifut
Enɣ-it ugadeɣ ar tenɣam
Teggulem alamma d lmut
Lameena ugadeɣ ad d-tbeddlem
Tidet ! Anda-t uḥerkel d useḥbiber ɣef tugdut-nni ? ɣef yizerfan n umdan ? ɣef tmaziɣt ? Acu-t waḍu n tguni i d-isuḍen akka, yessemzerwae merra iɣallen iǧehden ? Ayen akka susmen ? Anda akka xemten? Ma d Lewnis yenna :
Ma d-tettmektim iḍelli
Tinim-as i txeddem temẓi
Nfaq tura ula d nekni
Nexḍa-yas i lhemm
Andala-tent tmesbaniyin ? Timlilyin akked d yemdanen ? Tiɣri d umeslay deg yiɣmisen mgal tameict yellan tuɛer mačči d kra ɣef medden. Ay anda nerra tamuɣli ziɣ ulac-iten ? Anwa i d azabuq ideg beleen ? Ma d Lewnis yettkemil :
Lameena ugadeɣ ad d-ttun
Asmi ara wen-d-yessiwel uɣrum
Ala yid-s ara d-telhum
Ayen-nniḍen ad-teǧǧem
Tamuɣli n Lewnis i d-yekkan seg yixef n yiḍelli, tcerreg akud, tfal i zzerb n wussan akken ad d- tessenqeb ɣef wass-a. Yuɣal ziɣ mi ara neiwed asmeḥses di tibratin-is, kra i d-yenna deg lawan-nni neffeɣ ɣur-s. Am wakken i d-as-yenna deg usefru-nniḍen :
S kra n urgaz s i nummen
Ziɣ isewweq-d i yiman-is
Wameg mi ara nner tamuɣli, werǧin teḥwaǧ tagnit irgazen ireznen, at tmusni akked tsertit am wakken i d-ten-teḥwaǧ tagnit n wass-a. Werǧin tufa-d agdud iman-is d tagujilit n wid ara s yeldin allen am taswiet ideg nella. Zik i d-yenna Lewnis :
Ceɛlet-aɣ tafat
Neffud ad nwali
Ad nẓer ɣer zdat
Amek ara nili.
Di tilawt, tafat tensa akken ur nettwali acu i aɣ-yeggunin, acu i aɣ-d-ttheggin wussan. D tidet awal n umedyaz igezzem tallit akked lawan akken tidet i d-yenna ass-a neɣ iḍelli ad d-tili d tidet n lebda werǧin ad d t-yeskideb zzman. Ameslay mi ara d yeṭṭerḍeq meelum lǧil i t-yebɣan ad t-yaf. I limer ass-a ad nezzi ɣer wacu i d-nnan yimdyazen-nneɣ deg yiseggasen yakka yezrin ? Mebla cekk aṭas temsirin ara nelmed ɣef yiman-nneɣ !

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Sophocles
Sophocles, s tefrensist: Sophocle, (ilul gar 497 ed 496 qbel Sidna Ɛisa - temmut gar 406 ed 405 qbel Sidna Ɛisa), d amaru agrigi n tmezgunin, yerna d yiwen seg yimura n tkesniwin (tragédies) ay d-yuran iqeddicen ay d-yeqqimen ar ass-a. Ɣef leḥsab n Suda (d tasedkalt [encyclopédie]) n lqern wis 10, Sophocles yura-d 123 n tmezgunin, maca ala 7 seg-sent ay d-yeqqimen ar ass-a: Ajjaks, Antigun, Tisednan Tiṭraciyin, Oedipus the King (Oedipus Agellid), Elektra akked Philoctetes ed Oedipus deg Colonus. Sophocles yettekka deg tfaskiwin timasɣanin (festivals religieux) n Atena aydeg d-yettili wemsizwer n umezgun, yerna, gar 30-nni n yemsizewren aydeg yettekka, yerbeḥ deg 24 deg-sen. Aeschylus yella yettekkay deg yemsizewren-nni yerna yerbeḥ kan 14 seg-sent, ma d Euripides yerbeḥ kan 4. Timezgunin n Sophocles d tid ay yesnernan aṭas tamuggit (drame), yerna tadyant n tmezgunin-nnes ur tḍerru gar sin kan yemdanen, wanag ikeccem-d gar-asen wemdan wis kraḍ.


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Asefru n Ferḥat Mhenni (Tudert)
Tudert
D ajraḍ sufella n waman, lembaver la teddun.
S leesker d tirga yeɣman, s idammen d waldun.
Timura irumyen d-yegman d leğnas i yetthuddun.
Ayɣer levni n iɣerman, ma s tinɣin i tt-veddun ?
Assen ur qudren talast, aɣref,
ur qudren kra yeddren,
tutlayt, ddin n usurref, ur qudren ara azref.
Azref ḥemmlen a d-adren, d win swayes ara ssnegren
win yugin ad yekref.
Tudert-nsen s idammen-nneɣ.
D tawant-nsen i d laẓ-nneɣ.
Tilelli-nsen d tikerfi-nneɣ
iɣef tt-ssulin.
Rran-aɣ timedlin.
Am yizan ɣef teflukin, dehmen levḥer s leum.
Qemmren-tt ad zegren akin, ammer ad yeeyu unezgum???
Ttargun tudert yeffulkin n tlelli d weɣrum.
Reglen ɣef laẓ d telkin d leḥkem vu lehmum.
D i d-yeğğa urumi i ten-yessenfan,
ur ẓrin ara acimi. Γer irumyen i d-ufan
d tilisa ten-iɣunfan.
Meneen si lmut i wumi,
mi d asen-ugin iɣimi, verra n leḥkem n yilfan?
Tudert d tudert ma s tizeṭ-is.
Cci, tazmert d tilelli-s.
Di yal tiɣmert tessaɣ tayri-s
d yiseɣ s-yettilin
si rwaḥ d tuɣalin.
Ayen ieeddan ieedda, yelha ɣef win iceffun.
Eiwdet leqwanen swadda ay imdanen yettḥuffun!
Timura anda nedda, ulawen ad sgunfun.
Imdanen yakk d tarwa n tsedda, ur sserfayen, ur reffun.
Si zik akka, reglen ɣef cwal.
Leḥkem timecki yerka, targit ieerreq-as wawal,
s lmut mi d-tessawal.
Asirem yezga yettekka ɣef tirga n yal tafaska
n lferḥ mi ara d-yettɣawal.
Tudert d tudert ma s tizeṭ-is.
Cci, tazmert d tugdut-is.
Seut tazmert akken ad tɣeḍlem
leḥkem i ken-yeṛẓan!
Ur ttɣimit d izan, ur ttilit d izan!!!
yurat ass n 26 dujember 2006
Tudert sɣur Ferḥat Mehenni


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WinSCP d amsaɣ n uɣbalu yeldin udlif SFTP akked FTP i Windows. aneggaf aqbuṛ SCP yezga yettwasefrak. Tawuri yines tagejdant d anɣel aɣelsan n ifuyla gar iselkimen adigan akked anmeggag.
Wagi d aglam wezzilen i yiseqdacen yettmeslayen Taqbaylit. Tugett n tsemlit n WinSCP tettwaru s Teglizit kan, aniɣer i tt-awin tugett n iseɣwan s yagi.
Lqem n WinSCP s Teqbaylit yella.1) Ddu ɣer usebter n usider n WinSCP sakin sider “Akemmus n usebded”. Di tazwara n usebded fren Tutlayt “Kabyle”.
WinSCP yezmer ad yegg akk timhalin fessusen ɣef ifuyla, am usider akkedusali. Yezmer daɣen ak-yeǧǧ ad tesnifleḍ ifuyla akked ikaramen, ad ternuḍ ikaramen imaynuten, ad tesnifleḍ timeẓliyin n ifuyla akked ikaramen, akkedtimerna n iseɣwan izumal akked inegzumen.
Yiwen seg sin n igrudmawen yettwafernen n useɣẓan ad isireg asefrek n ifuyla ula ɣef uselkim adigan.
WinSCP yezmer ad iselkem akk timhalin tizadurin ɣef ifuyla, yezmer ad yeqqen ɣer uqeddac SSH (Shell aɣelsan)s uneggaf n usiwed n ifuyla SSH SFTP neɣ ameẓlu n unɣel aɣelsan SCP neɣ ɣer uqeddac FTP (Aneggaf n usiwed n ifuyla).
SFTP d aḥric n tizeɣt n SSH-2. SCP d aḥric n tizeɣt n SSH-1. Sin agi n ineggafen zemren ad ttwaselkmen ula deg ileqman iqbuṛen neɣ ineggura n SSH. WinSCP yessefrak SSH-1 akked SSH-2.
Ma d FTP, ama d FTP fessusen neɣ FTP s TLS/SSL ttwasefraken. Asiweḍ s uskussem (Zlib) ur ittusekraf ara.
Llan sin n igrudmawen yemgaraden s deqs n iɣewwaṛen n twila di WinSCP.
Tzemreḍ ad tferneḍ agrudem i tebɣiḍ deg usebded. Tzemreḍ ad tesnifleḍ ticki ismenyifen inek ticki.
Ma yella i tikelt tamezwarut ara tesqedceḍ WinSCP, yessefk ad tferneḍ agrudem Anaram Windows acku d ttin yettwasnen gar iseqdacen n Windows. acukan, ma yella ɣur-k tanumi tesseqdaceḍ Norton Commander, win semrasen deqs n imsefraken n ifuyla (Total Commander, FAR, Altap Salamander), Fren-it. Agrudem Norton Commander yattwag i usefrek n usnas s unasiw. Tzemreḍ ad tesqedceḍ s war ma tennuleḍ taɣerdayt. Wid yuɣen tanumi deg ugrudem agi, zemren ad mahlen s wudem uzrib.
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Tudayt
Tudayt d ajjed amezwaru ideg ttamnen medden belli yella yiwen yakuc (Rebbi) kan.
Isem yakuc-nsen s tɛebrit d יהוה (Yahweh), maca udayen ur nezmir ara ad neṭqen isem-agi, axaṭer ɣur-sen ḥram. Inin nitni אדני adonay ('agellid-iw') deg tẓallit d השם Hacem ('Isem' s tmaziɣt) deg wawal.
Yakuc deg tudayt yesɛa lemluk i t-yettɛawanen, yuzen rrusel ɣur medden akken ad ttamnen yi-s. Yahweh yextar agdud : agdud n israyil akken ad zzuzren awal-is.
Udayen ttganin lmasiḥ,ara ten-iselek d ad yebnu tamurt n Israyil tamqqrant: Erezt Israyil, lmasiḥ-agi ɣur-s tazmert n wessidir wid yemmuten. Udayen ur ttamnen ara belli Ɛisa d lmasiḥ axaṭer ur yezmir ad yexdem ayen yettwuran deg wedlis-nsen (turat), ur yebni ara tamurt n israyil tameqqrant, ur ten-yeslik ara seg ifassen n Rruman, tella daɣen yiwet tamacahutt ɣef Ɛisa sɣur imasiḥiyen, mi asen-d-yenna bell netta d lmasiḥ, udayen ṭṭfen-t rnu ddan yid-es ɣer tameqqbert, nnan-as : "ssidir wid yemmuten!". Udayen n tura ur qbilen ara Ɛisa d lmasiḥ axaṭer deg tmasiḥt, Ɛisa d mmi-s n Rebbi, ɣur Udayen, Rebbi ur yesɛi mmi-s.
Mazal ar tura udayen ttganin lmasiḥ. Yuɣ lḥal, udayen xelqen tamurt n Israyil mebla tallalt n lmasiḥ deg 1948, kra n wudayen nnan-d d akken ayen-agi d leḥram, yessefk ad gganin lmasiḥ.


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Takfarinas agellid
-
- ASEFHAM : Ma tettnadiḍ Takfarinas, anaẓur n ccna, ruḥ ar Takfarinas Ḥsen Zermani
Takfarinas neɣ Takfarin yella d aqerru n trad mgal Rruman di tidmi amenzu baɛd talalit n Ɛisa (yemmut deg useggas 24).
Isem-is s tlaṭinit d Tacfarinas (ljenitif Tacfarinatis), anamek-is d "win n Takfarin" wissen yella Takfarin (neɣ Tikfarin) d isem n teddart ansi d-yekka.
Takfarinas yella d aserdas aqbur n lɛasker n Rruman. Yessemlal-d kra iserdasen yid-es, u ffYen-d si lɛasker n Rruman, anda ruḥen ad nnaYen mgal ugellid n Muritanya Yuba II, i ḥesben ixeddem ilmend Rruman, u d wigi i t-yesulin ar udabu n tgelda n TmazYa.
Mi eeddan 7 iseggasen n trad, yuYal yenYa-t lkunsul n Rruman di TmazYa Dolabella.
Iɣbula[beddel | edit source]
- Tacitus, Annales, II–IV