text:
Entretien avec l’auteur Samir Tighzert
Entretien réalisé par Hafit Zaouche dans le journal la Cité, paru le 24/03/2018.
Entretien avec l’auteur Samir Tighzert – Journal la Cité
Tisuqilin n Samir Tighzert i usider s talɣa PDF
Traductions en kabyle de Samir Tighzert à télécharger sous format PDF:
1) Anzaren – tullist ɣezzifen (adlis) sɣur Nikolaï Gogol
2) Taɣaṭ n mass Seguin – tullist sɣur Alphonse Daudet
3) Llebsa umeḥbus – tullist sɣur Naǧib meḥfuḍ
4) Asekṛan sɣur – tullist Guy de Maupassant
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Asekṛan – Tullist sɣur Guy de Maupassant
Ameskar : Guy de Maupassant
Amsuɣel : Samir Tighzert
I
Aḍu yekkat-d d tiziwwin, la yezzuḥub deg igenni tagut-nni n tegrest akken tameqqrant, berriken, i d-iberrun ɣer lqaɛa i tezwawaṭ.
Ma d lebḥer ata tekker deg-s, izehher kan yessenguguy taftist iɣer i d-iḍeqqir kra n lemwaji annect-ilatent, ẓẓayit deg tikli, sludduyent, dɣa sgerbiɛent m’ara d-ɣlint ad s-tiniḍ d lujuh ibackaḍ i yeffɣen. Ttruḥunt-d s ttawil kan, ta deffir ta, ɛlayit am yidurar, akken la zerrɛent deg lehwa seddaw ilebluben, aṛebrub-nni amellal i d-ineṭṭgen seg iqerra-nsent amzun d tidi n kra n terbaɛt n yemẓiwen.
Taɛeǧǧaǧt tettaɣ tasift n Yport ; atta la d-tettsuḍu kan, tettinẓi, tettekkes tiqermudin ɣef lesquf, tettruẓ tidarraqin, tɣeṭṭel ccminiyat s tqeffaɛin-is iǧehden armi ur yettaf yiwen amek ara yelḥu ma ur yeṭṭif deg lḥiḍ ; ma d igerdan tezmer ad ten-teddem am yiferrawen kan ara tawi sennig yexxamen alamma tserreḥ-asen deg yigran.
Tuɣ iseyyaḍen jebden-d tiflukin n ssyaḍa armi d akal, acku ugaden fell-asent deg yillel ara iḍummen akk taftist imi yella ɣef tawant. Dɣa gran-d din kra ixeddamen kan n lebḥer i yeffren deffir iɛebbaḍ imdewwren n lemrakeb yettwaqelben ɣef yidis, la ssikiden deg wurrif-a n yigenni d waman.
Syin uɣalen ṭṭixiren yiwen yiwen segmi d-yeɣli yiḍ ɣef tzawwa la yeddal s tillas-is agaraw yenhewwalen d ddḥis-nni merra ssekren iferdisen yessḍen.
Maca qqimen-d sin yergazen ur nḥerrek ara syin, widak gren kan ifassen-nsen deg leǧyub, ssɛewjen aɛrur-nsen seddaw uṣelfeɛ n waḍu, rnan ssudren-d icucay-nsen armi d allen. Wiyi d sin iḥewwaten inuṛmandiyen iwumi teččur tamart, aglim-nsen iban-d yerɣa s uṭerrec n waman imellḥen deg lewseɛ ugaraw, ma d allen-nsen zegzawen neqqḍent s uberkan di tlemmast, d allen yeqwan i tmuɣli, yettwalin am yimeddiwen alamma d ixf n yigli.
Yenṭeq dɣa yiwen seg-sen, yenna :
— Yya-d a Jérémie ad nesɛeddi lweqt s ddiminu… d nekk ara ixellṣen.
Maca win nniḍen yeedez acemma… (yettkemmil).
Sader tullist deg ufaylu PDF, da.
Tasnudert : anekcum ɣer temhazt n telmas d imuhal n Darwin
Sɣur Samir Tighzert
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Amagrad-a ur yesḍamie ara ad d-yefk isalli ikemlen deg usentel meqqren iɣef i d-yewwi, imi mazal lexṣaṣ ama deg tutlayt neɣ tirmit n tira deg tussna s teqbaylit. Ihi am akken i d-yedda deg uzwel, d asalu kan i neereḍ ad nerẓ yess deg uḥric n tesnudert (biologie), ladɣa deg usentel-a usdid : tamhazt n telmas (évolution des espèces). D acu ɣas akken tella deg-s tanga tapidagujit ara yaf yiwen, nessaram d ayen ara itekkin daɣ i ureṣṣi n llsas n tussna s teqbaylit d tmaziɣt s umata.
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Llsas n Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin, amassan n ugama aglizi, ilul di Shopshire ass n 12 deg furar1809, yemmut di Dawne ass n 19 deg yebrir 1882. Imahilen-is ɣef temhazt[1]n telmas[2] timuddirin ḍḥan-d d wid yessegrawlen tasnudert segmi d-yessufeɣ adlis-is Iẓuran n telmas deg useggas n 1859. Dɣa asmi yella icae yisem-is gar imassanen s inadiyen iga, i yessker yiwet n turda[3] i d-yeqqaren belli tilmas akk timuddirn yellan zemrent ad ilint seg yiwen neɣ si kra kan n ijaddiyen ucriken i d-uɣent aẓar armi mehzent ɣef teɣzi n wakud, s twisi n wayen iwumi qqaren afran agaman[4].
Di tilawt, mačči d netta i yennan d amezwaru belli amdan yeqqers-d seg yibki (aḥallum, iddew), acku yezwar-it ɣer waya Lamarck s xemsin iseggasen, ulamma tazrawt[5]-is netta (Darwin) ɣef tikti-nni daɣ i tettawi yerna tessegza lumuṛ s telqey ; baqi segmi d-yeffeɣ udlis-nni-ines yuɣal yegget fell-as wawal d unṭag deg ijernanen d wanda nniḍen, ladɣa si tamiwin timasɣanin (imdeyynen) i iwalan deg-s ankaṛ n wamek i yettwassen uxlaq n ddunit d wayen yettidiren, sɣur Rebbi, meḥsub werǧin i d-yella Adem neɣ Ḥewwa am akken i t-id-nnant tektabin tuɣrisin. Ihi ur d-dduklen yid-s imassanen s tidet armi d aseggas 1870 mi rnan walan tidet-is ɣer wiyaḍ deg wayen yerzan tiẓri n temhazt (théorie d’évolution) i d-yessumer, dɣa din i tebda tdarwinẓrit tettaɣ abrid deg ubeddel n tmuɣliwin tinudranin armi d-wwḍen wallalen imaynuten di lqern wiss 20 i itebbten awal-is ula ɣef ufran agaman i yellan tuɣ yezzi-yas ccekk.
M’akken i d-yesnulfa tussan-yi tamaynut ara yuɣalen d taxatart maḍi syin d afella, Darwin yella d amnadi kan amecṭuḥ ifukken leqraya-s deg uɣiwen[6] n Ṭṭebba n tesdawit n Edambourg, ihi yedda deg uɣarrabu[7] Beagle i yeffɣen deg tuɣḍaṭ[8] unadi i tikelt tis snat, ɣer tnila n Temrikt n Wenẓul, iruḥ s yisem-is d amesnakal[9] kan imi d wayen i d-yelha imir. Maca ayen i t-iwellhen tikelt tamezwarut, d ayen iɣer yerra tamawt deg tgzirin n Galápagos ɣef kra n telmas n yiwen wefrux. Afrux-a llant kra n tlemas-is ɣur-neɣ ; deg tama n usammar n Bgayet qqaren-as abulkettan, deg Ǧerǧer abuferriw neɣ amenferriw (pinson). Ihi mi imuqel yaf sin ispisimanen i d-yekkan si snat tegzirin yemqaraben, ttemcabin deg kullec ala deg uqamum : yiwen zur, wayeḍ rqiq. Syin iwala yal afrux ggtent telmas-is deg yiwet n tewsit (genre), dɣa yesteqsa iman-is : ma d win iwumi qqaren Axellaq i igan akka annect-a, amek yeeni ara s-yini wayi ad s-geɣ aqamum akka, wayeḍ akken nniḍen, neɣ ad ten-ssemxlafeɣ kan deg teɣmi n rric ? Yerna mačči kan ɣur yefrax i llant lewhayem, ula si tama n iɣersiwen imeqqranen : amek yiwen deg leḥcic i ikess wayeḍ yettseyyiḍ iɣersiwen-nni at leḥcic s yiman-nsen ? Yuɣ lḥal tamella[10] ur telli deg teẓgi neɣ daxel n yillel, ayen izemren i kra-iḍen yečč-it !
Akka, Darwin mi yekfa tazrawt-is deg imenfarrawen i d-igemmer, yufa belli ayen i ten-yessemgarden d abrid kan i d-wwin deg tudert-nsen d twennaṭ ideg eacen ; dɣa win i d-yekkren deg tegzrit anda yeqwa lḥebb n yemɣan, iṛebba aqamum zuren iǧehden swayes ara yerẓ tuččit-is, ma d win nniḍen ieacen anda akken txuṣṣ, itetten kan ibeac, ayla-s netta iruḥ s teɣzi, yemmug i tseddi[11] amek ara d-yeṭṭef ayen meẓẓiyen. Wa d amedya kan amecṭuḥ, maca Darwin ssya i iṣadd armi yessegrawel tussna n imudar s lekmal-is. Yufa ziɣ d agama i d-yelhan s kra din ; yella wanda ḍerrun lumuṛ s usamma[12] kan d wamek i d-yewwi lḥal, maca dima d talmest iǧehden deg iɣersiwen, meḥsub tin iḥerzen tigemmi tajinit (patrimoine gnétique) yelhan i d-igerrin tettidir. Daymi aṭas i inegren segmi d-tebda tudert ar assa. Ma d tigemmi-a tajinit i yeṭṭfen amkan deg tsilunin[13] n wudus[14], neɣ amek tetteeddi gar tsitiwin, Darwin netta ur tt-yefhim ara di tallit-is, d taɣnwt-is (instinct) kan tamassnant d termit-is deg uḥekker d ufraẓ n lumuṛ i t-yeǧǧan ad yaru fell-as ; d acu ur ssawḍen ad tt-fehmen armi d talemmast n lqern wis XX, ad d-nuɣal ɣur-s.
Tabadut d usissen
Deg tesnudert, tamhazt d ayen yerzan inbeddalen i d-yettilin deg telmas timuddirin ɣef teɣzi n wakud ; d yiwen umazrar i d-yeṭṭfen seg talɣiwin timezwura maḍi armi d imudar n tura. Amezruy n tenhazt n tudert yezmer ad d-yettwiglem s yiwen waddag meqqren neɣ aṭas n waddagen n tgetjinit (poygénie).
Tamhazt tcudd ɣer usnulfu n telmas, maca seg-s daɣen i d-itekk ungar-nsent. Dɣa d turda n wefran agaman i d-yessumer Darwin i yettilin deffir inbeddalen-a, ulamma aṭas ineḍruyen i itekkin uqbel tuffɣa ɣer tsemlilt taneggarut i d-ijemmlen tiẓri n tenzeht (la théorie d’évolution). D acu tura aṭas imassanen i yettagin ula d awal-a n « tiẓri », imi ɣur-sen d ayen yessurfen amecwar-nni s wayen i d-tufa tussna tineggura-ya s wallalen atraren, ladɣa s igmaḍ n tesnudert talayant (biologique moléculaire) i d-yufan s tseddi, d amedya, amek yecrek w ADN n wemdan d yibki. Maca si tama nniḍen, d udem-a n lqerban gar umdan d uɣersiw i yeǧǧan aṭas n leṣwat ad ilin mgal tikti n temhazt ; llan gar-asen ula d imusnawen i ieerḍen ad gen tizrawin-nsen s webrid-iḍen iɣef teɣleb tezrirt[15] n teflest d tektiwin timasɣannin (n ddin). Amedya, qqaren belli d tidet, amdan yezmer ad yili ieedda-d ɣef waṭas n tsurifin uqbel ad yaweḍ akka d amdan, maca yella kan w’i iwellhen inbeddalen i d-yeḍran si tazwara, meḥsub d Rebbi-nni iss i ttamnen ; aya d ayen iwumi semman « asɣiwes amegzu » ( le dessein intelligent).
Imenzayen imuta
Di tilawt, ur d-yeḍḥa yeweer i waṭas n medden akken ad gren tikti n temhazt di lbal-nsen, armi d-tettbin tumelt[16]-is akka sufella d ayen ur iqqebbel wallaɣ, ladɣa ɣer wid i d-yekkren s tikti tamensayt[17] n wexlaq imudar. Imi deg tidet-is, tamhazt tettarra laṣel n wemdan d wayen akk yeddren ɣef akal, ama d aɣersiw neɣ d imɣi, akken yebɣu yili meqqer neɣ mecṭuḥ, alamma d yiwet kan n tsilunt si ṣṣenf abaktiri ideg i d-tebda tudert deg waman ahat ma drus 3,5 imelyaren iseggasen. Ayen i d-yettxebbiren ɣef waya d imikrudusen (microrganismes) i ttafen ar tura deg ifuṣilen, yerna tikwal irennu yettibeid later-nsen deg wakud.
Lḥaṣun ɣef akken d-teqqar tussna tatrart, d tabaktirit-a tamikruskupit i yebdan tettimɣur mi d-tufa iman-is deg waman ur nmelleḥ armi tuɣal s talɣa n twekka tusbiṭ yettbinen ; syin mi tkemmel deg unegmu teṭṭef ṣṣifa n yislem. Ifuṣilen[18] n « iselman-a » ttafen-ten dɣa s waṭas ɣer tamiwin igarawen (océans) ; ihi d kra seg-sen i d-yeffɣen, seg wid yesean tiferrawin tičaranin, zgan tteḥnunufen-d armi d-gran deg wakal aquran, dɣa d tifarriwen-nni i yuɣalen d iḍarren syin d afella. Yiwen uspisiman seg iqburen i ufan deg usammar n Groenland ahat wwḍen 460 imelyan iseggasen segmi ieac.
D widak i d-yeǧǧan igḍad, iḥraraden[19], ikalmanen[20] yecban imqerqar, akked isaṭṭaḍen ; syin akk i d-kkan. Deg tallit-nni tamezwarut d idinusuṛen i igman s tɣawla, yerna tuɣ llan am yegḍad kan, ma d wiyaḍ merra wwin-d acḥal di ṣṣifa n uɣersiw-nni i iṛebban tiḍartin yuɣal ileḥḥu ɣef rebea, yella d ameɣẓaz[21] icuban s aɣerda, d netta i d ajaddi n isaṭṭaḍen merra ideg nella nekni. Ur yebda gemmu-s d inbeddalen-is ɣer waṭas n telmas armi negren idinusuṛen si 66 imelyan iseggasen-aya. Dɣa ɣef teɣzi n imelyan n lesnin, yebḍa ɣef waṭas n twaculin tiɣersanin, gar tid yettseyyiḍen d tid itetten leḥcic, d wiyaḍ ukud llan iprimaten, asellun[22] yesdukklen amdan d waṭas n yibkan. Maca iprimaten mgaraden, llan imecṭaḥ, llan imeqqranen, ihi seg imeqqranen-nni i d-yeqqers umdan.
Tamhazt n wemdan
Yella da lɣilaḍ mucaeen ideg ilaq ad d-nebdu. Tuget n medden seg wid ur nwala tussna si lqerb, deg tmettiyin akk n ddunit, qqaren ma seg yibki i d-nekka s tidet, amek armi ibkan n wassa ur ttuɣalen ara d imdanen ? Netta da llant snat n tlufa i ilaqen ad ttusegzint. Tazwara, anbeddal-a mačči d ayen i d-yettilin deg teswiet kan akka, d inig ameqqran deg imyaten n luluf n lesnin, ur iẓerr yiwen s wallen-is ma ur inuda ara deg ifuṣilen, imi yettili-d s leeqel maḍi. Tin ɣer-s, mačči seg ibki-a n tura s yiman-is i d-iruḥ umdan. Ma d tura akka aɣersiw i ittemcabin maḍi ɣer umdan si tama tansudrant, d acampanzi (chimpanzé) i yettidiren deg Tefriqt, acku send ayen ara yilin gar 6 d 8 imelyan n lesnin, yella ujaddi-nneɣ yiwen. Meḥsub kra seg telmest-a i ɣ-icerkan yella wayen i d-yeḍran deg udus-nsen ; ladɣa taḍermist (mutation) i yerzan allaɣ, d tin i yellan deffir n tilin n wemdan, ulamma amdan-nni amezwaru yettemcabi ugar ɣer yibki.
D acu, mi d-yeffeɣ si twacult tasnudrant iwumi qqaren homonidae, amdan yebda yettenkar ɣef sin iḍarren, yessemras allaɣ-is, ikemmel tamhazt-is deg waṭas imecwaren, segmi yuɣal d tawsit (genre) iwumi qqaren homo : dɣa yella : homo-habilis, uqbel azal n 2 imelyan n lesnin deg Tefriqt usammar d wenẓul (i isqedcen yakan times, yenjer ablaḍ d amrig yerna yeffeɣ si Tefriqt) ; homo-eretcus uqebel 1,8 imelyan, d netta i ikecmen Turuft ; ma ɣer tagara d homo-sapiens i d-yellan si 300 000 iseggasen, i yuɣalen yettxemmim s tidet, d nekni dɣa akken nella tura ; yella neanderthal ɣer tama-nneɣ deg tewsit homo, ieac ula deg Turuft, maca winna yenger.
Tisura n tesnudert talayant deg tussna n temhazt
Iban, akken ad eeddint ṣṣifat si tsuta ɣer tayeḍ gar imudar, ilaq kan ad tili tanga[23] ara tt-yawin. Aya ifhem-it Darwin, maca win i d-yeldin tifrat ɣer tmukrist-a i tikelt tamezwarut, d Uṭrici Mendel (1822 – 1884) i yellan d aqessis (prêtre), d acu yelha-d daɣen d inadiyen-a i iḥemmel, imi tuɣ yeɣra deg tfellaḥt . Dɣa d netta i igan llsas i tussna tamynut ara d-ilalen syin d asawen, iwumi neqqar tajinitit, ulamma imahilen-is ruḥen ttwattun acḥal iseggasen d wamek eawden gan-asen ccan. Lḥaṣun, d netta i d-yufan isuḍaf iwumi qqaren ara assa Isuḍaf n mendel, d ayen yerzan abrid n umcabi gar umudar d baba-s, neɣ jeddi-s, neɣ gma-s (deg yiwet n tsuta) atg. (ad d-nawi fell-as deg umagrad-iḍen). Yerna netta ɣef yimɣan i iga tirmitin-is, meḥsub d ajilban i yebda iteẓẓu-t ɣef waṭas n tikwal armi d-yessufeɣ igmaḍ ineggura.
Maca wid i d-yesfehmen tajitinit s tidet, d Watson akked Crick deg useggas n 1953, asmi d-ufan amek yemmug w ADN s tseddi. ADN d alay[24] asnudran aɣezfan, n uɣurmi (nayau) n tsilunin akked kra ivirusen, deg-s i yettwaxan yisalli ajini s wudem akimyan. Ihi ma zik imusnwen tuɣ zerrfen s tmuɣli kan d ufraẓ n termitin, seg yimir uɣalen sean tanga yettwallasen iɣer tcudd kra yellan d ṣṣifa yesea umudar, izemren ad ssrewsen seg telmest ɣer tayeḍ ; dɣa tura mačči kan d iusḍaf n Mendel i yuɣalen ttwazrawen s wudem ufrin, ssawḍen yimnuda fehmen yess ula d anda zedɣen kra n waṭṭanen yetteeddin si tsuta ɣer tayeḍ, ayen ara ieiwnen i ueqal-nsen ɣas qbel talalit ; dɣa kka i ssulin ijinumen (génomes) n kra imudar. Ajinum d ayen i d-ijemmlen isallen ijiniyen icudden ɣer kra n telmest, win n wemdan fkan-t-id di 2003. Asmi t-srewsen ɣer win n yibki acampanzi ufan ttamcabin alamma d 99%, ayen yesswehmen leamma tamassnant, imi tilawt n temhazt tuɣal tban-d s wanzaten ufrinen, ur d-teqqim ara tettwaḍfar s ifuṣilen kan d tɣessiwin tiqburin, ladaɣa ma neẓra belli widak yettili lexṣas deg-sen ɣas akken ttaken-d isalli iqumen m’ara ilin.
Yerna am akken yenna Richard Dawkins[25], win yebɣan kan ad s-d-yessukes kra i tidet-a, ad iruḥ ad d-inadi taɣessa n wemdan ara yeseun ugar n 8 imelyan di leemer ; d lmuḥal, imi amdan tuɣ ur yewwiḍ ara talɣa i nesea tura. Kifkif ula i iɣersiwen akk i nessen, aqjun neɣ awtul, ur ttafen iɣsan-nsen ala seg tilla-nni kan mi qqlen s tumelt-nsen n tura.
©2017 Tighzert
Amezruy : ayen ur gan lejdud i tmaziɣt
Sɣur Samir Tighzert
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Abrid i d-wwin Imaziɣen deg umezruy d yiwen seg wid yeččuren d tasḍiwin[1], maca tikwal yessewham s kra n lexṣas i nezmer ad d-nessukkes, ladɣa deg wayen yerzan tutlayt d tsertit.
Di tilawt, ulac Amaziɣ yefkan azal s tidet i tutlayt-is uqbel lqern wis 20, ula deg talliyin mi ḥekmen nutni s yiman-nsen. M’ara nẓer kan belli tamaziɣt (s tantaliwin-is yemgaraden) ur tuɣal d tunṣibt di kra n tmennaṭ deg wakal-is segmi d-tella armi d aseggas n 2011 deg Lmerruk syin teḍfer-d Lezzayer, yewwi-d ad nefk tuttra tabɣast[2] i iman-nnneɣ u ad d-nqirr anda « ḍelmen » lejdud-nneɣ.
Tallit n teglest[3]
Yuɣ lḥal, am akken i ten-mazal ar tura, Imaziɣen si zik ttwassnen s tsefkt[4] i sean ɣer tutlayin seg wasmi ttwassnen deg umezruy (ladɣa gar Iṛuamniyen d Igrigiyen), meḥsub isehel-asen ulemmud n tutlayin n lǧiran-nsen. Meslayen tafiniqit n Qerṭaj iwumi qqaren tafuniqt[5], talaṭinit, tagrigit, taerabt, tafransist, d tiyaḍ di kra n talliyin am tsepenyult. D acu, aya d ayen i ten-yeǧǧan, ma nenna-d akka, ad rren ayla-nsen ɣer ṭṭerf. Yuɣ lḥal gar yegduden imezwura ieucren Imzaiɣen, d Iqerṭajiyen i ten-id-iqerben ugar di tmennaṭ n tmanaɣt Tunes n tura. Ihi s Masensen s Sifaqs llan d imdukal-nsen, deg yiwet akken n tallit. Cerken yid-sen kullec, meucaren deg twaculin, uqmen assaɣen ara d-nini assa d isertanen ; dɣa yiwen am Masensen i yesseḥbabren ɣef tgelda-s amek ara twennee, yeddem aṭas seg termit[6] Iqerṭajiyen i d-wwin nutni sɣur lejdud-nsen Ifiniqen, ladɣa ayen yerzan tafellaḥt d tnezzut[7], maca yesseqdec ula d tutlayt-nsen tafuniqt i yuɣalen d tin i d tunṣibt ama deg uɣrem-is neɣ di tmanaɣt-is Cirta s umata, tugart ma llan ibeṛṛaniyen, ulamma tezga tmaziɣt deg ugdud.
D tidet, uran s tfinaɣ imiren, maca mačči d iḍrisen, d ismawen kan akka d wwalen ifriḍen i ttarran yess tikwal ɣef yeɣraben ifakanen[8], ixxamen unṣiben, iɣran[9] ttawin yemnayen, d wayen nniḍen ; yerna dima tettili ɣer tama-s tfuniqt neɣ talaṭinit syin ɣer da. Lejdud-nneɣ deg leqrun-nni lemden tutlayin i d-nenna, uran yes-sent idlisen am Ḥiemfsal wis sin i yuran s tfuniqt, agellid Yuba wis sin i yuran s tlaṭinit, d wiyaḍ i d-iḍefren syin d asawen am Ufulay (lqern II ), d ugerram[10] Ugustius (lqern wis IV), maca widak banen, imi llan seddaw tecḍaṭ n Ruma.
Akken i kemmlen deg tallit Iwandalen d tin Ibizanṭiyen, ma d tawaɣit tasnilsant[11] tameqqrant teḍran-d mi d-wwḍen Waeraben. D acu aɣbel mačči deg ukeččum n imhersanen[12] i yella kan, acku dayi ilaq ad d-nesmekti yiwet n tidet tamazrayt i ntettu nekni s Imaziɣen, yerna llan wid ur tt-nessin.
Tallit tanammst d ukeččum n Waeraben
Ihi mi d-wwḍen Waeraben akal n Tmazɣa seg unṭag amezwaru n useggas 647, yuqee-itt imenɣi, qqlen ṭṭfen tamurt. Maca yewweḍ-d lweqt anda eawden Imaziɣen refden-d iman-nsen, ladɣa deg tama umalu, eewwlen ad kksen azaglu n ddula Tamawit (Omeyyades) d uqerru-s deg Dimecq, yerna ssawḍen rnan Aeraben imawiyen, tugart segmi tt-gezmen di rray ad sen-lḥun s tin n ddin i ḍefren segmi sen-teffeɣ afus, meḥsub win n tneslemet, maca deg terkent Ixerriǧiyen i d-yerran azalen n teɣdemt yettwaefsen si tazwara ; yuɣ lḥal asɣan n tneslemt ur d-yeqqar ara belli d Aerab kan i ilaqen ad yeḥkem, ihi s wakka i sellmen Yimawiyen imi si tama-iḍen ur d-grin ara ǧehden am zik.
Dɣa din i tella tuzzma deg Imaziɣen, acku deg wayen ara nadin ad reṣṣin ayla-nsen s tidet, tamagit-nsen i yebnan ɣef tutlayt uqbel ayen nniḍen, kemmlen ɣlin deg texfet n ddin i tikelt-iḍen. Nenna-d si tagara n lqern wis VIII, amur ameqqran n Tmazɣa yegra-d ɣer yimawlan-is, ternuḍ ula d Landalus i ṭṭfen i ṭṭfen yemslemn di Spanya, ala deg Tunes de Libya i qqimen cudden ɣer Usammar aerab imi aṭas i istqerren din n Waeraben i d-yekkan si teqbilt n Euqba ben Nafee. Ihi ɣas akken, wid i d-yerran timunent-nsen, mi kkren sbedden iwunak[13] imezwura, d ibeṛṛaniyen i rran d Iqerra ! Akka, wid yellan deg tama n Merruk n tura d Idris amezwaru i d-irewlen si n tmurt taerabt i sbedden m’akken i sen-yenna yeqqers-d si twacult n nnbi Muḥemmed, Ibaḍiyen n Tihert ssulin Ibn Rustom afarsi, imi t-tuɣ deg ubrid-nsen amasɣan i yella. Dɣa kullec ikemmel ileḥḥu s tutlayt n Leqran ; am widak n teglest, Imaziɣen n tallit tanammast werǧin i meyyzen ad arun s tutayt-nsen, d tutlayt-iḍen tabeṛṛanit i d-yernan teṭṭef-d agnes. Ulamek ara nini d lbaṭel i yeḍran fell-aɣ, imi lawan-nni d Imaziɣen i iḥekmen ; ula d ddulat i d-iḍefren : Ifaṭmiyen, Iziriyen, Iḥemmadiyen (di Bgayet !), Imweḥḥden, Imurabḍen, Izeyyanen, Iḥefṣiyen ; neɣ di tama n Merruk daɣ : Iminiren d i Iseedyen d Iwaṭṭasen, uqbel ad tt-ṭṭfen Yeelawiyen si 1631 ar tura… kemmlen ttarun arraten-nsen d tebratin s taerabt.Yerna mačči d ayen kan ; ula m’ara yili d Amaziɣ i d sselṭan neɣ i d ageldun, yetteerrib isem-is am akken uɣen tannumi wid yessezwirin tineslemt deg ukersi-nsen ; amedya seg wid yettwassnen, d aḥemmadi Nnasir ibn Al-anas ibn Ḥammad (1062-1088) i yerran Bgayet d tamanaɣt-is, imi di tilawt isem-is Anzir. Maca ur ilaq ara nenker, ulamma drus, llan kra i yeǧǧan isem-nsen am Yeɣmurasen di Tlemsan (1206 – 1283), ɣas akken yerna-yas « Ibn Zeyyan » nni. Nnan-d belli Utumert n waṭlas amerruki (- 1130), imsebded n ddula n Imweḥḥden, i isemman i iman-s Ibn tumert, yura sin yedlisen-is “Leaqida”, d “Lmurcid” s tmaziɣt, uqbel ad ten-yessuqel ɣer taerabt.[14]
Limaṛa i d-yeǧǧa ddin deg Tmazɣa d taẓegzagt[15] ; imi ɣas akken tantaliyin timaziɣin ssawḍent ddrent deg ugdud akken ilaq, deg timawit kan i qqiment. Nnig wakken, imeyyazen n lweqt-nni mačči kan uran s taerabt, wten ula fell-as akken ad tt-ssjehden, am Ibn Jerrum i d-yeǧǧan tajerrumt taerabt i yesean azal ar assa ɣur ikadimyen aeraben, si lqern wis XIV.
Seg Iṭerkiyen ɣer Ifransisen
Ma segmi d-kecmen Iṭerkiyen, kra din yensa deg tmazɣa talemmast, imi Lmerruk n tura ur tt-wwiḍen ara. Deg idurar ur teseiḍ w’i yessnen ad yaru ala kra n lecyax iteṭṭfen ɣer yiman-nsen, ladɣa imṛabḍen i d-ikecmen tuɣ tamurt taqbaylit, imi di lawan-nni win yessnen acemma taerabt yerna yeḥfeḍ kra n tsurtin, d win kan i d amusnaw, nnig-s ulac. Yuɣ lḥal widak ur ttjerriden ula d asefru ma yella-d, ɣas d adekker i yettdekkir bab-is. Akka i zedrent tmeslayin timaziɣin seddaw uzaglu n taerabt i d-ssusen wat tmurt s yiman-nsen. Armi d-tekcem Fransa i bdan mehhzen[16] lumuṛ ulamma deg snat tamiwin tinemgalin. Imi si tama tamharsa tafransist teewwel-d ad teerreb akk Tafriqt Ugafa, aya d ayen ibanen, s yismawen i tbeddel d tnariyin taerabin i tesbedd di yal amkan, dɣa ula d inmezrayen-nsen imeqqranen am Stéphane Gsel cehhden-d ɣef akka. D acu si tama nniḍen, si tallit-is i d-tebda tira n tmaziɣt. Γas deg tazwara d ayen ikecmen kan iswi-nsen astaritiji, imi akken ad ẓẓlen aḍar akken ilaq yewwi-d fell-asen ad ssnen tutlayin akk n tmurt, ama di Lezzayer neɣ di Lmerruk. Maca tuɣḍadin[17] n unadi deg tutlayt-nneɣ d usekcem-is deg tira, d tid i s-yerẓan asalu i tikelt tamezwarut sɣur ifransisen, gar ibabaten imellalen, iserdasiyen, d wiyaḍ.
Dɣa Adolphe Hanoteau (1814- 1897), ajiniral i yuran s teqbaylit gar imezwura maḍi tagara n lqern wis XIX, yetewhhem asmi inuda deg tmurt n Leqbayel ad s-d-mlen ma yella kra n wedlis yuran si zik deg tmennaṭ-a, ur yufi ula d tajridt ufus ! Yerna ula mi yesteqsay imdanen, ur yefhim ara amek armi ur d-yegri wayen ara s-d-ḥkun ɣef kra n taluft ibeeden deg wkud ; meḥsub taktawt[18]-nneɣ tanbazt[19] ɣas in’as teqqim d tilemt. « Werǧin ẓriɣ aɣref ur d-neclie deg umezruy-is am Leqbayel. » i yenna deg tezwart n wedlis-is anda i d-iḥawec isefra d ccnawi. Dɣa ma yenna akka, mačči d astehzi, d lewhayem kan i yewhem. Imi di tilawt, Leqbayel neɣ Imaziɣen nniḍen, mačči d tasmuḍi i semmeḍ wul-nsen ɣef wayla-nsen maca d tira i ten-ixuṣṣen. Tidet kan, ɣef igiman n lesnin, cehhden-d fell-aɣ ibeṛṛaniyen amek i nfaz deg waṭas n taɣulin[20], am tid n nnif, tabɣest deg umennuɣ d wazal nettak i wakal ajaddi, atg. Maca deg wayen yerzan idles, tafawet meqqret, yerna ssebba mačči dima sɣur imhersanen i d-tekka.
Imaziɣen assa
Ccwi kan seg Iṛumiyen-nni imezwura, deg tmennaṭ taqbaylit uɣalen kkren-d Leqbayel s yiman-nsen mi ifat ufan ttawil n tmusni, si Bulifa ɣer Meemmri armi d wid n tura. Assa taqbaylit teɣrem-d acḥal seg wayen i tesea d lexṣas. Segmi s-bedden imeɣnasen imezwura i iḥebbren ladɣa i tmawalt tatrart i sbuɣren acemma, tuɣal treffed iman-is kra kra. Yerna mačči d lmuḥal ad nqaḍee wiyaḍ deg yal taɣult. Amedya meqqren deg tutlayin yellan am ayla-nneɣ deg tgellelt, i ilaq ad nmuqel, d win n teebrit n Isryil. Imawlan-is skeflen-tt-d si tillas n wakud, anda tella ur tettwaseqdec ala deg ddin d wayen icudden ɣur-s, tura uɣalen sɣarayen yess ula d tusniwin elayen. Awi-d kan lebɣi ad yezdeɣ ulawen u ad ggten imeɣnasen icuban wid yellan yakan, ara d-ieiwnen yal wa deg uḥric-is, dɣa ayen i ɣ-iruḥen ɣef tizi n leqrun nezmer ad t-id-nerr di kra n tnemrawin iseggasen kan.
Yerna tura yettuḥettem fell-aɣ ma nebɣa ad tidir tutlayt-nneɣ ula deg umeslay kan. Amedya deg tutlayt taqbaylit, ma zik lejdud ur uran ara, iles-nsen yezga d amaziɣ, tugart deg idurar, seg wakken ur yelli wayeḍ ara s-yekksen amkan… tura d tuggza[21]-iḍen i ɣ-yeggunin. Si tmunent ɣer da, taerabt tekcem iɣerbazen deg tudrin, wid yettmeslayen ala s tmaziɣt, am tyemmatin i tt-iḥerzen zik si tsuta ɣer tayeḍ, uɣalen heddren daɣ s tefransist d taerabt ; yeshel ihi maḍi ad ruḥen wawalen ma ulac ajerred-nsen deg idlisen. Acku ɣas yebda uselmed n tmaziɣt yettaɣ tagnit, ma ur tewwiḍ ara d tutlayt tamezwarut n tɣuri anda i tella d tutlayt tayemmat, yeweer akken ad teḥrez tallunt[22] i s-tekksent tiyaḍ si yal tama. Wa d addad[23] n teqbaylit kan, maca d ayen yerzan tutlayin nniḍen akk timaziɣin, am tcelḥit (Merruk) d tcawit i yettwaḥersen deg temdinin armi uɣalen kra imeḍqan tenger maḍi tmaziɣt deg-sen.
©2017 Tighzert
[1] Héroïsmes [2] Courageuse [3] Antiquité [4] Don, talent [5] Punique [6] Expérience
[7] Commerce [8] Temples [9] Boucliers (as. aɣer) [10] Saint (homme) [11] Linguistique (adj) [12] Colonisateurs
[13] Eatats, dynasties
[14] Yenna-ti-id dɣa unmezray amaṣri Yeḥya Huwaydi deg udlis-is ɣef Umezruy n tfelseft tineslemt deg Tefriq ugafa.
Aɣrum d usebsi d wayyur (asefru)
Sɣur Nizar Qebbani -1954
Tasuqilt (si taerabt): Samir Tighzert
Tusa-yaɣ-d tikti ad nessuqel asefru-ya n Nizar Qebbani (1923- 1998), amedyaz asuri yettwassnen, acku nwala-t igerrez yerna mucae deg umaḍal ; di tilawt aṭas i t-yerran ɣer tutlayin-nsen seg wakken ameskar iwet-d deg-s s leqseḥ deg yir tikli i d-wwin Waeraben d yimslelmen s umata i yeṭṭfen ala deg wansayen iqburen akken bɣun ilin, rnan zzin s uerur i tɣerma mi d-lhan ala d ddin. Asmi t-yura ssawḍen armi t-sbedden ɣer teɣdemt, yuɣ lḥal amedyaz-a yella icae belli d arnaflas[1] i yella ; ma deg uparlman n tmurt-is kkren-d ula d wid i d-yessutren ad s-kksen tiɣelnit tasurit (nationalité), maca ur teffiɣ ara akken.
GT : Γer tagara n weḍris, ad tt-afem belli asefru-ya yella wanda i ɣ-yerza ula d nekni s Yimaziɣen.
Aɣrum d usebsi d wayyur
Deg Usammar, yal mi d-ilul wayyur
Lesquf-nni mellulen akk tettawi-ten tnafa
Seddaw ikemcan urelluc
Medden imir ttaǧǧan tiḥuna, ttruḥun d tirbuyae
Akken ad mmagren wayyur
Ttawin yid-sen aɣrum…
[ d bu-tqsiḍin… s ixf n wedrar
D kra ilaqen i ssekṛa
Dɣa ttaɣen zznuzun lexyalat
D tugniwin
Γas ma mmuten, ad yidir kan wayyur
***
Acu txeddem teḥbult n ṭṭya
Di tmurt-iw !
Tamurt n lanbeyya
Tamurt igellilen
Iteffẓen tiḥcinin… imzenza n ssekṛa
Acu yexdem deg-neɣ wayyur
Armi ɣ-truḥ nnefxa-nni n zik
Nuɣal nessutur seg igenni…
Acu ara d-yefk yigenni
I imeksal ur nezmir ?
Ttuɣalen d lmeyytin
Ma yedder wayyur…
Senguguyen deg iẓekwan n lawleyya
Wiss m’ad sen-d-fken kra n ṛṛuz, neɣ igerdan…
Iẓekwan n lawleyya…
Ssewsiein deg tẓerbiyin sut rrqem ucbiḥ
Ttawin-d lewqat s leefyun-nni iwmi semman
Lmektub… Lweed n Rebbi
Di tmurt-iw
Tamurt igellilen
***
Anwa facal, neɣ anefsuy
I ɣ-izeddɣen yal ma teflali-d tafat
Imi tiẓerbiyin… d luluf n tqecwalin…
Lkisan n latay, d igerdan, zereen di tɣaltin
Di tmurt-iw
Anda ttrun wat nneyya
Ttẓallan
Zennun
Tteicen s lettkal
Segmi tteicen s lettkal
Rennun ssawalen i wayyur :
Ay ayyur,
A taewint n lwizz
D usebsi d yiḍes
Ay illu n rrxam ieellqen
A taɣawsa ur nettwaman
Ili-yaɣ d agazu n lwizz deg Usammar
I imlyan n wid ur nettḥulfu s kra
***
Deg uḍan Usammar
Ma ifat yekmel wayyur
Asammar yeḍḍeqqir kra yesea d nnif
Neɣ d lḥir
Imi d imelyan n lɣaci yettazzalen
[akken ḥafi
Yettamnen s tuɣin n rebea tlawin
D wass n lḥisab
Imelyan-nni ur d-nettmagar aɣrum
Ala deg targit…
Izeddɣen deg yiḍ ixxamen n tusut
Werǧin ssinen amek iga usafar
D lǧettat i ttlusen i tafat
Di tmurt-iw… anda ttrun wungifen
Ard mmten seg imeṭṭi…
Yal mi ten-thuzz ssnitra s « llayali[2]»
Lmut-nni iwmi neqqar deg Usmmar
Ccna d wuḍan
Di tmurt-iw
Tamurt igellilen
Anda nettarra ifeẓ i icewwiqen ur nettfakka
Aṭṭan-nni yessengren Asammar
D icewwiqen ur nettfakka…
Deg Usammar-nneɣ iteffẓen… amezruy
Tirga timeksal
D tmucuha yeeyan
Asammar-nneɣ ur nettnadi tasḍa[3]
Ala ɣur Abu Zayd Lhilali[4]
[1] Arnaflas : d war taflest ur nettamen s Rebbi (incroyant, athée).
[2] « Ya lili », (ay iḍ) d awal i d-yettuɣalen s tuget deg ccna n Waeraben usammar, yuɣal ɣur-sen d azamul n tesmeḍ n wul, eawaz di ttbernat d unadi n zzhu war tilisa (Tazmilt n umsuɣel)
[3] Tasḍa (mačči taḍsa), taḍsa n wasaḍ, n isaṭṭen : d ayen i d-yesbeyyin tabɣest n yiwen di kra n umennuɣ, n umihi neɣ ayen akk yeḥwaǧen leqder mi t-id-iḥella (héroïsme).
[4] Abu Zayd Lhilali d yiwen seg imeqqranen n Banu Hilal i tumeṛ ddula Tafaṭimit ad d-yeṭṭixer si Maṣer deg tallit-nni tanammast, dɣa yunag-d ɣer tama i Imaziɣen s trebbuyae-is n Waeraben armi i d-yessegra tixessarin meqqren i Imaziɣen n Lezzayer n tura, tugart Iziriyen di lawan-nni, maca ula d Iḥemmadiyen siyn ɣer da, imi ttwassnen ala s uhuddu d tweḥcit deg tuẓin-nsen ɣer temdinin. Imazrayen qqaren-d belli d inig-a d wid i d-iḍefren i ireṣṣan Aeraben s tidet deg wakal amaziɣ, uqbel ad d-awḍen wid i d-ẓẓeen Ispenyulen deg tagara n lqern wis XVI. Dayi Qebbani yebɣa ad d-yini belli Aeraben ur ttzuxxun ala s tilla-nni mi kecmen timura n wiyaḍ, hudden tiɣermiwin, syin kra ur d-yelli (Tazmilt n umsuɣel).
خبز و حشيش و قمر
عندما يولدُ في الشرق القمرْ
فالسطوحُ البيضُ تغفو
تحت أكداس الزَهَرْ
يترك الناسُ الحوانيت و يمضون زُمَرْ
لملاقاةِ القَمَرْ
يحملون الخبزَ .. و الحاكي .. إلى رأس الجبالْ
و معدات الخدَرْ
و يبيعونَ.. و يشرونَ.. خيالْ
و صُوَرْ
و يموتونَ إذا عاش القمر
Awalen inmudag – taferrugt 01
Iheyya-ten-id Samir Tighzert
Aglawan (horizontal)
1- Tqubel (-d) ill Agrakal
2- D aẓar n tudert – Mḥu
3- Eaned
4- Yessa ɣef ublaḍ – Sufeɣ
5- Tanzeɣt – Seg idammen-iw
6- Nnig uqerru – Ameskan (démonstratf)
7- Ṣṣifa
8- Tewwi – Fareṣ deg wussan
Aratak (vertical)
A- Nnan d abrid ɣer Rebbi
B- Tanzeɣt – Nutenti (yenneqlab)
C- Tasɣunt (conjonction) – Kkseɣ ɣef wul-iw
D- Ayen yessen drus
E- Rwel si twaɣit
F- Serreḥ i yiles-ik (m) – Tanuṭet uẓawan (musique)
G- Xḍu
H- D isekkilen n tuffɣa
…………………………………………………
Facebook/Timuɣliwin
Awal ɣef Don Kicuṭ n Manca n Cervantes
Sɣur Samir Tighzert
……………………………………..
Don Kicuṭ n Manca d ungal i yura umyaru aspenyuli Miguel de Cervantes deg sin yeḥricen (amenzu deg useggas 1606, wis sin deg useggas 1616). Ungal-a yettuneḥsab d win i d amezwru yakk deg tsekla tatrart ɣef leḥsab n tɣara n tira-s d wudem iss i d-yedda deg-s wullis. Yewwi-d deg-s umeskar ɣef yiwen wergaz akken bu-nneyya, iwumi qqaren Don Kicuṭ n Manca[1], asmi ieewwl ad yeg am yemnayen iqbuṛen, imi d isaṭṭen[2] iɣef yeɣra deg tektabin. Ameskar yenna-d dɣa seg tazwara : Don Kicuṭ yeɣra yeɣra deg teqsiḍin-nni armi icuf iqerru-s, meḥsub yemxell, ihi ieedda ad yeḍfer abrid-nsen, ulamma tuɣ teedda tallit n yicaliyen am widak.
Taddist
Akken ad yefhem yiwen taqsiṭ n Don Kicuṭ ilaq ad iẓer acu d ungalen n « temneyt taḥewwast », anda teffɣen imnayen akken ad d-fdun wid akk yettwaḥeqren ɣas ma ur ten-ssinen, iwakken kan ad sbedden lḥeqq u ad d-beyynen tabɣest-nsen. Azgen deg-sen ttawin-ten-id kan d timucuha deg tallit-nni tanammast, maca Don Kicuṭ i iselben si tɣuri-s, yerra-tt d tidet, ieewwel ad yeg am nutni, ad d-yerr taɣdemt i lɣaci. Yessufeɣ-d ihi aeudiw-is ihezlen akk iwumi isemma Rusinant (Rocinante s tspenyult), yekkes-d asekkin d waɣer[3] i yellan din deg uxxam tuli-ten tɣebbart seg wissen anwa zzman, takurazt[4] d wayen akk yettiḥwiǧ umgara[5] deg lawan-nni ; syin yessawel-d i yiwen n lǧar-is yeččuren d nneyya daɣ am netta ɣas ma di leeqel-is yella, qqaren-as Sancu Panza, iḥemmel inzan aṭas, d win i yextar ad yili d ameiwen-is deg icaliyen-is, imi akken i ten-sean yemnayen iqburen, yerna winna ɣef uɣyul i yeṭṭafar deffir.
Yuɣ lḥal imnayen iqburen i yettḥaka, yal wa tettili tin i iḥemmel, iɣef yettxemmim m’ara yili deg imennuɣen d unadi n lexlawi ; ihi ula d Don Kicuṭ yextar yiwet kan akka n tfellaḥt tameɣbunt din deg taddart, yerra-tt d tin d « tarfiqt ixemmimen-is », isem-is Dulsinya (Duclinea s tspenyult). Syin ata yebda ihi acali deg lexla, yettnadi w’ara d-isellek ; netta s nneyya-s yetthummu kan, ur yeẓri ma s tidet i yeḍra kra, ma ilaq ad d-iger iman-is neɣ ala, maca itemmeɣ ; dɣa yal tikelt yettaf yeɣleḍ deg leḥsab-is, yeggar iman-is deg wayen ur t-nerzi armi yeṛwa tiytiwin. Di tilawt, kra din yettenbeddal gar wallen-is seg wakken yuḍen, am tikelt mi yekcem deg yiwen usensu n wedrar, yufa din timesdurar yenwa-tent d yessi-s n sslaṭen ukud i ilaq ad yissin amek ara yelḥu, ihi ula d din ixelleṣ-itt. Daymi taqsiṭ-is tessaḍsay nezzeh, tugart imi aɣanib n Cervantes yebna ɣef usaran[6], ahat ulac lemtel-is deg tira. Γas in’as d ayen i t-yeǧǧan mucae, maca yeččur daɣen d tamusni lqayen n wawal, inzan d tengalin i d-yettuɣalen daxel n wullis agejdan, ladɣa deg idewenniyen n Don Kicuṭ d Sancu Panza i yettekttiren deg wawal, acku ula d netta yettekka deg tedyanin akk i d-mmugren.
Azal-is
Annect-a yakk yerra ungal-a yeṭṭef amkan meqqren deg tgemmi taseklant tamḍlant, imi ula d kra n yismawen izeddiɣen kecmen deg tutlayin tuṛufiyin uɣalen d awalen n menwala, amedya deg tefransist : dulcinée (taḥbibt, taxḍibt), rocinante (aeudiw). Llant daɣ tenfaliyin i d-yekkan syin qqiment d lemtul, am m’ara s-tiniḍ yettnaɣ ḥedd d tessirin n waḍu, meḥsub yekkat deg wulac, acku teḍra-yas i Don Kicuṭ asmi d-yemmuger tissirin n waḍu s yiɣallen-nsent meqqren, iɣil d ḥedd igehguhen[7], ihi ieedda ad yennaɣ yid-sen. Syin i d-tekka tenfalin mucaeen : anuɣ d tessirin (se battre avec des moulin).
Yerna ahat izen amezwar n wungal d wa ; imi ulamma imeɣriyen n lqern wis 17 ḥesben-t tagnit kan i taḍsa d tukksa n lxiq, wid i d-iḍefren, tugart deg tallit-nni n tegrawla tafransist ; walan-t d amedya i umdan izemren ad yeseu lḥeqq weḥd-s mgal timetti s lekmal-is. Lḥasun, ayen i d-yewwi d ayen icerken talsa merra ; ahat ad yili ḥedd ssya d asawen ara t-id-yerren ɣer teqbaylit am akken yella deg tuget n tutlayin umaḍal, maca aya d asenfaṛ meqqren, ma yefka-yas ḥedd akud yessefk ad ad ilin imeɣriyen ara t-id-yafen.
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Γef ungal Aɣyul n wureɣ n Ufulay (Apuleius)
Sɣur Samir Tighzert
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« Aɣyul n wureɣ » d adlis i yura umyaru amaziɣ Afulay (Apuleus) di lqern wis sin seld Talalit. Yettuneḥsab d ungal amezwaru maḍi deg umezruy n talsa. Yura-t s tlaṭinit.
Ullis i d-yeddan deg-s iḥekku-d ɣef yiwen ilemẓi iwumi qqaren Lusyus (d isem umaru s yiman-is) i yunagen ɣer tmurt Igrigiyen ɣef kra n ccɣel ; yuɣ lḥal Lusyus-a d awnaf aṭas, iḥemmel ad yefhem u ad imeḥḥeṣ di kra yellaun, akken i iteddu yettnadi armi yeereḍ ad yekcem deg lumuṛ n ssḥur d wid i ten-ixeddmen, dɣa yessen-d yiwet n tmeṭṭut, d taqeddact n umdakel-is Milu uɣur yerza, tezdi-ten tayri kra n wussan deg uxxam-nni, akken armi d yiwwas teereḍ ad t-teiwen s ukerrer akken ad yuɣal d igider ; maca i ẓẓher amcum, yuɣal d aɣyul, ihi din i d-bdant lmertat-is d icaliyen-is n leetab akked wid i d-yemlal gar imakaren, iqettalen, imeksawen, ieebbaden n yilluten, imeṛkantiyen d wiyaḍ ; ayen ur nfukk armi t-terra tillut Izis (d tillut tamaṣrit) ɣer ṣṣifa-s tanaṣlit n wemdan. Deg teqsiṭ, m’akken yella deg tfekka n uɣersiw bu-rebea iḍarren, allaɣ n Lusyus yeqqim d win n wemdan kan, daymi yessaweḍ ad d-yedlu ɣef ayen yeffren deg tmetti, cceṛ akk yettmaggan ideg ilaq ad yettekki tikwal netta s yiman-is, yerna acḥal d abrid i yewweḍ ɣer yimi n lmut, s ẓẓher kan i imennee. Ihi d tilufa iwumi yeḥḍer i d-yewwi deg wullis-is anda i d-yessexlaḍ tiqsiḍin d tmucuha iwumi isell daɣen ɣer wiyaḍ ssya ɣer da. Dɣa taxatart gar-asent d tin n Psici (Psyché) d Cupidu i d-iḍehren i tekelt tamezwarut deg udlis-a syin tuɣal terna ɣer tmitulugit taqburt. Aɣanib n umeskar yeččur d asaran[1] ; s kra la d-yettales, yettarra kulci ɣer yir ẓẓher i t-yeṭṭafaren anda yekka uqbel ad kfunt fell-as. Dɣa ɣer tagara yuɣal d axewni ameqqran ibedden i tillut i t-id-isellken si yir tumelt[2] i yesbur acḥal d ayyuren.
Azal-is :
Ungal-a yewwi-d ad t-issinen akk Imaziɣen imi d win i d-yesbeyyinen amur iss i ttekkan lejdud-nsen deg lebni n yidles amaḍlan s lekaml-is, ulamma s tutlayt-iḍen. Ugar n ccbaḥa n tira-s i yettaǧǧan yal amdan ad inadi ɣef laṣel-is, Afulay yella wayen i d-yessedda seg wayla-nneɣ, am ubrid i ss i d-yewwi kra n tmucuha, imi llan tura imnuda i tent-yessaẓayen ɣer tgemmi tamaziɣt n lawan-nni.
[1] Humour
[2] Aspect
Awal n mass Md Akli Salḥi ɣef wungal « Tiyita n tmeddit » (s tefransist)
Lecture du Dr Mohand Akli Salhi – enseignant-chercheur au département de langue et culture amazighes de l’université de Tizi-Ouzou
(Publié sur son compte Facebook).
Tiyita n tmeddit est le premier roman de Samir Tighzert. Dans la quatrième de la couverture, on informe le lecteur qu’est également auteur d’une traduction en kabyle d’une nouvelle de Gogol.
Le roman en question ici est un récit de 136 pages dont les six dernières sont consacrées à la présentation bilingue du lexique néologique utilisé dans le texte. Organisé en 10 chapitres, ce roman est traversé par un malentendu entre les deux personnages principaux, Ḥmed Ubandu et Mḥend Umaryus. Ce malentendu, qui remonte à leur jeune âge où moment ils allaient s’engager dans la guerre de libération, se transforme en un véritable secret. Ce dernier se tisse comme une toile de fond laissant les incompréhensions de Ḥmed Ubandu s’exprimer et les rumeurs colportées par les gens, à propos du passé de Mḥend Umaryus, prendre pour longtemps la place de la vérité. Ces rumeurs donnent Mḥend Umeryus comme un traitre durant la révolution de 54-62. Ḥmed Ubandu n’a pas compris pourquoi Mḥend Umeryus n’a pas pris les armes, comme lui, pendant cette guerre. Ce dernier s’est désengagé à la dernière minute. Le secret de cette raison est gardé jusqu’aux derniers moments de la vie de Ḥmed Ubandu. La divulgation de ce secret, est différée à plusieurs reprises dans le roman ; Mḥend Umeryus a accompli cet acte, comme une confession intime et une libération de conscience, au moment où son ami allait rendre son dernier souffle suite à sa blessure par balle.
En narration alternée, les épisodes de ce récit oscillent entre le présent et le passé. Les chapitres se suivent en alternant les affaires quotidiennes du présent et les souvenirs des deux protagonistes principaux. Dans ce mouvement, de va-et-vient entre les dépits et les tracasseries de leur vieillesse et la mémoire de leur enfance et de leur jeunesse, se glissent les commentaires du narrateur et des personnages. Les thèmes des commentaires ou des digressions sont variés : problèmes de langues et d’identité, la trahison, la misère, l’enfance, etc. C’est assez attrayant dans plusieurs endroits.
Le narrateur change de posture suivant les moments à raconter. Il est omniscient quand il raconte le présent. Il devient personnage racontant les souvenirs de l’enfance ou de la jeunesse. Par moments, la narration est simultanée au déroulement des événements, ce qui donne au propos du narrateur une proximité très rapprochée avec notamment les deux personnages principaux.
Ce mouvement d’alternance du passée et du présent donne au texte une valeur certaine. C’est dans ce dialogue entre les questionnements et les déceptions de la vieillesse et la mémoire revisitée à volonté de l’enfance et de la jeunesse que se joue la beauté de ce texte. C’est un pari gagné de ce côté-là.
Le lecteur peut toutefois regretter l’expression un peu forcée dans certains passages, laissant apparaître les conditions de quasi-traduction due à la pression des langues en présence dans l’acte créatif. L’usage de « coordonnant » « dakken », qui vient perturber la spontanéité de l’expression, en est une trace tangible.
Comme première expérience romanesque, elle mérite vraiment les encouragements des lecteurs ; l’auteur doit en faire un point de départ, assez prometteur, pour de nouveaux projets d’écriture romanesque.
Mohand Akli SALHI
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Awal n mass Naser Ayt Weeli ɣef wungal « Tiyita n tmeddit » (s tefransist)
Lecture du Dr Nacerddine Aït Ouali – Chercheur, docteur en littérature française
(Publié sur son compte Facebook)
« Tiyita n tmeddit » (Littéralement, « Le Coup de l’après-midi ») est le premier roman en kabyle de Samir Tighzert. Amis depuis leur adolescence, Dda Ḥmed Ubandu et Dda Mḥend Umaryus se perdent de vue au début de la guerre d’indépendance. Ils se retrouvent longtemps après. C’est l’occasion pour eux de replonger dans le souvenir de leur passé par le rappel de souvenir et la visite de lieux fréquentés pendant leur jeunesse. Cette visite sera fatale à Dda Ḥmed Ubandu qui sera atteint d’une balle mortelle destinée à son ami. Ce dernier achèvera ses « confessions » devant les proches de son ami à l’hôpital en s’adressant à ce dernier qui vivait ses dernières heures.
Les va-et-vient entre le présent et le passé font vivre au lecteur une histoire présente qui prend ses « racines » durant la période coloniale et la guerre de libération. Que l’écriture littéraire en kabyle s’intéresse à ce moment de l’histoire (qui a vu la Kabylie payer un lourd tribut pour l’indépendance de l’Algérie) est une façon de rendre justice à cette région et à ses combattants.
Les liens dans le texte avec la revendication identitaire berbère sont aussi intéressants : les causes justes méritent d’être défendues.
Le dispositif d’écriture adopté, notamment au niveau narratif, a permis de produire un récit qui se lit (même si c’est de façon inégale) avec un certain plaisir. L’usage d’unité lexicales et de tours linguistique (qui paraissent au lecteur que je suis) particuliers à la région native de l’auteur apportent un plus à la langue.
Le potentiel littéraire de l’auteur gagnerait en puissance avec plus de travail sur le plan linguistique (syntaxe et lexique), ainsi qu’un plus grand soin dans le passage de l’oral à l’écrit. En résumé les exigences qui peuvent permettre de produire de grands romans si on ne veut pas se contenter de faire de bons romans.
- Necer Ait Ouali-
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D taqbaylit neɣ d tamaziɣt ?
Aṭas n medden i ireffun, d Imaziɣen s umata neɣ d Iqbayliyen, am akken yettɣiḍ-iten lḥal yal m’ara d-nini tutalyt taqbaylit ur d-nenna ara tamaziɣt, dɣa wa yettarra-tt ɣer tsertit, wa ɣer wayen nniḍen. Llan wid yettwalin belli nebɣa ad d-nennser seg umezruy amaziɣ akken ad d-nesnulfu wayeḍ ɣef lqae, imi nutni ḍemeen ad qqimen deg tallit-nni n Tmazɣa taqburt i ssaramen ad d-tuɣal, tin akken yesdukklen imdanen si Maṣer armi d Aṭlantik, seg Wagrakal alma d timura n Mali d Nnijer. A w’i yufan, lukan yella wakken, neɣ lukan xersum yezmer ad yili ! Acku ula deg leqrun-nni tantaliwin llant yakan mgaradent, yenna-t-id Stéphane Gsell[1] i t-yufan ɣer yemura igrigiyen d Iṛumaniyen i ixulḍen lejdud-nneɣ si zzman-nni uqbel Talalit. Imir imezdaɣ n Tefriqt Ugafa merra llan d imaziɣen, err-itt-id ihi tura imi nennebḍa yakk annect-a.
Ihi ayen yessaram yiwen iban, ma d tilawt d ayen nniḍen yerna rẓaget. Akal-aezizen fell-aɣ mačči yiwet kan i ieeddan fell-as. D leqrun mi ttemseḍfarent temhersiwin[2] ɣur-neɣ, tettbeddil tmetti, ttemxalafent leewayed d tmusniwin rennunt ula d timeslayin. Ladɣa segmi d-tekcem taerabt talemmast di tmura yakk n Tmazɣa, teṭṭef lakulat d imidyaten armi yuɣal yessagad yimal n tsutiwin i d-iteddun deg ubrid ara aɣent.
D acu ma nuɣal-d ɣer umeslay ɣef tmaziɣt, ilaq ad neqbel belli awal n “tmaziɣt” mačči d yiwet n tutlayt kan i yessegraw, d aṭas n tutlayin i d-yeqqersen seg-s. Akken yebɣu yiwen yessarem, yettaf dima ayen ara d-ibeyynen aya. Deg tneqqiṭ-a, ad d-nebdu s umedya n ccna d uẓawan. Ma neqqim deg Lezzayer kan, anwa Aqbayli bu-tidet, ara d-yenin ifehhem taɣect tacawit akken yebɣa, neɣ Acawi ara yegzun taɣect n teqbaylit s ttfaṣil ? Akka yerna, snat-a tmeslayin mqaraben nezzeh deg tesnilest[3], acu ara d-nini ihi ɣef tmeslayin n Itergiyen ? uma ma nuɣal nesserwes taqbaylit d tcelḥit( di Lmerruk), ad naf aɣbel d wayeḍ. Imi s tjerrumt-nsent, s tseftit tikwal, ttemgaradent. Γas in’as i necrek yid-sen ala tamawalt taqburt, yerna ula d tin nettmagar deg-s uguren meqqren, ladɣa imi tikwal d ayen irezzun awalen n yal ass am m’ara d-nini Tamɣart, tamṭṭut meqqren deg leemer s teqbylit, ɣur Icelḥiyen d tameṭṭut kan, m’ara timɣur deg leemer qqaren-as tawssart ; neɣ ma nmuqel amyag Γli, s teqbaylit d ɣelluy i nessen, s tcelḥit ɣas in’as d anemgal-is : ali, qqaren tɣwli tafukt (icreq-d yiṭij), ɣwliɣ ɣ isefkal (uliɣ deg tedrujin).
Hatan ihi amek tezmer ad temgirred tmaziɣt si tmennaṭ ɣer tayeḍ, yerna annect-a ur nehdir ara ead ɣef tɣara n tmeslayt i yesseeraqen ugar taywalt gar Imaziɣen.
Si tami-iḍen, yessefk fell-aɣ ad d-nemmekti belli awal-a n tutlayt tamaziɣt i t-id-yewwin d taḍullit[4] umennuɣ asmi ttruẓen medden asalu ; ma d tura mi d-ldint zzat-neɣ waṭas n tewwura i d-ḥellan ineɣmasen s wayen ɣlayen deg tudert-nsen, yewwi-d ɣef yal win d tin iḥemmlen tutlayt-is ad meyyzen tura s wumdem-iḍen, atrar, ussnan, uɣẓin. Imir ilaq ad neḥsu d acu yebnan yal tutlayt ibedden assa deg umaḍal : agmay, tajerrumt, d tmawalt. Yuɣ lḥal d aya i yebḍan tutlayin timaziɣin, akken yebɣu yiwen yargu. Ihi ayen ilaqen d leqdic, d tira akked tuẓin ɣer zzat. Syin ma yal tamennaṭ tbedd i “tantala” i d-tewṛet, tesnefli-tt armi s-tefka yakk allalen iss ara telḥu, tezmer ad tecrek abrid-is d tiyaḍ, ama deg tmawalt taqburt i ilaq ad d-nessekfel di yal amkan, neɣ asnulfu d ureṣṣi n wawalen imaynuten i zemren daɣen Yimaziɣen ad cerken.
Assa di tilawt, iban d taqbaylit i d-yelḥan amecwar meqqren deg taɣult-a di Lezzayer, maca ula d tacelḥit di Lmeṛṛuk, tewweḍ iswiren yessefraḥen, imi aselmed-is simmal yettnerni (ulamma sean ugur n tfinaɣ iɣef ur msefhamen), yerna aṭas n yedlisen i d-ssufɣen tagara-yi s tutlayt-a tamaziɣt. Ihi ma yeereḍ yiwen deg snat-a n tmura, ad yeqqen timeslayin-a ɣer tiyaḍ, d aseereq kan ara yesseereq timsal, imi werǧin yesnulfa-d ugdud tutlayt ur yettmeslay deg tudert-is, d tantaliwin kan i yettimɣuren alamma qqlent s wazal-nsent ; dɣa ayen iɣef ara yesḥissef yiwen, d kra n imusnawen ikadimyen deg tesdawiyin, i d-mazal bɣan ad wellhen medden deg tnila-ya n usufeɣ n yiwet tmaziɣt ara tent-ijemlen merra, ɣas akken ẓran d awezɣi.
Taneggarut, tamslalt mačči d ayen yerzan tasertit neɣ leḥsab-iḍen, akken yebɣu yili, d lfayda n tutlayt kan i nebɣa ad nessezwir u ad neǧǧ ɣer deffir tirga ur nebni ɣef kra n llsas. Imi yal mi tuẓa yiwet n tutlayt tamaziɣt, d arbaḥ kan ara d-rebḥent tid ukud tecrek laṣel-is deg teswiet-a ideg ur ɣ-ilaq ad nesruḥ akud, nekni i yerja ubrid ɣezzifen i useǧhed d usekfel n tmagit-nneɣ s umata seld mi truḥ ad tɣib deg tatut.
S. Tighzert
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[1] Histoire ancienne de l’Afrique du nord, tome VI, langues et écritures.
[2] Colonilaismes.
[3] Linguisitique.
[4] Nécessité.
Tukkist seg wungal » Tiyita n tmeddit », n Samir Tighzert
(Isebtar 78,79) ……
Atan tura ihi tewweḍ-as-d teswiet i Mḥend anda ur yettsamaḥ ara i yiman-is ad yeqqel ɣer deffir. Ifat lḥal, d tidet, ahat ma iruḥ yiwen ur t-ieeqqel dinna, ad yekcem kan am uberrani. Maca tura mačči ala ɣer yemdanen, yettwalas ula ɣer tefrit-is netta. Aṭas n tlufa i s-yeqqimen d ireṭṭalen, s kra yedder akkin i lebḥer, inezgumen am wiyi zgan ẓẓaden deg wul-is am yiɣuraf. Yeẓra ulac w’ara t-ifehmen ma yemla tabaḍnit-is, ula d tarwa-s di Fransa i lulen, i d-kkren, ɣas ad asen-ihedder deg yiḍ deg waass ur ferrẓen ula d iqiḥ di teqsiṭ n baba-tsen d wayen i s d-yezzin d tiserraf. Tameṭṭut-is d Taṛumit, si tid i d-yelhan ala d yiman-nsent, ɣer ɣur-s nettat d cciea maḍi imi argaz-is yelfa-d ziɣ seg wid inekren tamurt-nsen ddan d walya-s nettat ɣef akken i s-nnan kra n medden, ɣas akken ula d nettat mačči d Tafransist taḥeqqanit yerna asmi i t-tuɣ teẓra d ayen ur nebni ɣef ṣṣeḥ imi iban mačči d ṣṣifa-s i s-iɛeǧben, d taḥanut-nni n baba-s kan i d-iger gar wallen-is. Lḥaṣun teɣleq-d ssya d ssya ɣef Mḥend Umaryus, tabaɣurt ur yelli i s-d-texdem, akken yettaẓ di leemer i yettḥulfu s tudert-is tettuɣal d ulac, yesserɣ-itt akka s ufus-is imi asmi yezmer ad iseggem kra seg-s yeqqen kan allen-is ieedda, ur iḥebber ara i tagara.
Tagara ur tɛeṭṭel ara, attan tura d tayi. Arezqi meskin iruḥ. Seg yeḥbiben imenza yeqqim-as-d ala Ḥmed Ubandu. Γas in-as yessetḥa ciṭuḥ ad t-yini akka s wawal-a i yiman-is, maca d ayen yellan. Asmi t-id-yufa di lqahwa s usamma i rnan lumuṛ kaden-as-d s tifawt, aragaz-a mačči d win ara yettihin fell-as neɣ ara t-yeǧǧen deg uzgen n webrid, ɣas netta yeǧǧa-t zik. D win kan i d-mazal ukud yezmer ad yeddu neɣ ad iqeṣṣer ciṭuḥ. Daymi yesla kan s yir isalli, iṣadd-d s tkeṛṛust armi d nnig uxxam-is, iweṣṣa-yas agrud ara s-yinin.
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Awal n mass Muḥend Akli Salḥi ɣef wungal-a
Awal n mass Naser Ayt Weeli ɣef wungal-a
Ungal « Tiyita n tmeddit » deg Facebook (page facebook)
Llebsa umeḥbus – tullist
Tullist
Sɣur Naǧib Meḥfuḍ (1911-2006)
Tullist-a teffeɣ-d deg useggas 1938
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Yerra-tt-id si taerabt ɣer teqbaylit
Samir Tighzert
Bu-ṭṭabla n ddexxan iwumi qqaren Ǧeḥca, yella seg imezwura i d-iruḥen ɣer teɣsert[1] n Zzaqaziq m’akken tuɣ d lawan ad d-taweḍ tmacint. Acku taɣsert netta tuɣal-as d ssuq, dɣa ata yeṭṭef abrid deg ugnenna[2] la d-yettseyyiḍ imsaɣen s wallen-nni-ines timecṭaḥ yeccurfen. D acu, lemmer ad t-yesteqsi ḥedd ɣef lexdama-yi ixeddem ahat ad tt-id-yeleen d alean, imi ula d netta am waṭas n medden yelfa-d yeeya deg iman-is d yir ẓẓher i yesea.
Di tilawt ur yeksan ara kan, uma lemmer d lebɣi-s ad yili d anehhar n ḥedd imerkantiyen akken ad yels si llebsa-s, ad yečč seg wayen itett u ad iteddu dɣa yid-s s anda ma iruḥ d amḍiq ifazen, d ccetwa neɣ d anedbdu, acku imir di zzhu ara d-iḥelli aɣrum-is, mačči deg leetab. Yerna ur yessarem axeddim am wa armi tella ssebba. Meḥsub seg wasmi yeẓra Lɣerr, anehhar n yiwen seg imeqqranen n temdint, yeddawar-as i Bedweyya Xadem-Lmamur, yiwet n teqcict akken iwumi yeggar awal s nnefxa ; yessaweḍ armi s-yenna yiwet n tikelt : « Aql-iyi ur tteeṭṭileɣ ara ad d-saɣ s txatemt », akken la yekkat deg ifassen-is s lecraha. Ǧeḥca iwala dɣa taqcict-nni mi tezmummeg s ineḥwan, teereḍ zeema ad tseggem timeḥremt-is, netta iban iwakken kan ad d-tessken acekkuḥ-nni-ines berriken idehnen s zzit… ma d Ǧeḥca imiren i teceeel tmes deg wul-is, bdant tismin la qqazent deg-s din din, acku rḥant-tt wallen-nni berriken daɣ i d-yeǧǧan deg-s yir aṭṭan.
Yuɣal seg wass-en yeṭṭafar deffir-s, anda terra ad t-tafeḍ din, armi d yiwwas mi tt-id-yufa weḥd-s deg yiwen n wezniq yenṭeq ula d netta ɣur-s ieawed-as ayen akken i s-yenna Lɣerr : « Aql-iyi ur tteeṭṭileɣ ara ad d-aseɣ s txatemt ». Maca tezzi s umgerḍ-is akkin, teqqen aeenbur-is terra-yas-d s ustehzi, tenna-yas : « Xaṭi, glu-d s uqabqab axir ! » Dɣa Ǧeḥca mi d-yuɣal s iman-is imuqel deg iḍarren-nni-ines imeqqranen i yemmugen ad s-tiniḍ d leḥwafer-nni n welɣem, ajellab-is yerkan, d tcacit-is i tuli tɣebbart… yenna deg wul-is : « Iban, d annect-a kan i d ssebba n lhemm-iw d yetri-w iɣaben ! » Ihi d aya i t-yeǧǧan yettmenni-d lḥirfa am tin n Lɣerr, ɣas akken asirem-a-ines ur t-yessefreɣ ara ɣef lxedma-s tamezwaurt, yezga yeddenfir kan ɣer zzat, imi s tirga-s i ieewwel ad yennaɣ d lejruḥ-is.
Ata ihal-d ihi tameddit-nni ɣer teɣsert n Zzaqaziq s tsenduqt-is, yettraju w’ara d-iruḥen. Mi yerfed asekkad-is ɣer lebeid iwala tejba-d tmacint i d-yettbinen am unzaḍ kan n tagut ; tkemmel dɣa la d-tettaẓ, syin bdan yeḥricen-is ttwaeqalen kra kra, d zzhir-is yettielay, armi tḥbes ɣer yiri n n ugnenna. Ihi Ǧeḥca yuzzel din din ɣer zzat ifuga yemrussan, maca yenneqmas m’akken i iwala ieessasen i ibedden s yemrigen[3] deg ifassen-nsen ɣef tewwura, akked kra n wudmawen akken ibeṛṛaniyen i d-yettmuqulen seg isfuyla s wallen-nsen yeeyan iɣef banent lewhayem. Mi steqsan medden nnan-asen-d wiyi d imeḥbas iṭalyanen i d-yeɣlin s tuget gar yifassen n yeedawen-nsen, tura akka teddun ad ten-awin ɣer tkurmuyin[4] i ten-yettrajun.
Ǧeḥca ibedd imir yetḥeyyer, yettqeyyin kan deg wudmawen-nni yeččuren d takka ; taswiet ikad-d am akken iɣaḍ-it lḥal, acku yeḥṣa belli imdanen-a yeslawen akk, iwumi yezzi lhemm d lmeḥna, ur sein swayes ara kksen ccihwan-nsen si ddexxan-is… iwala-ten dɣa ččan-d tasenduqt-nni-ines s wallen, ihi ixẓer-iten s wurrif, akken ara ten-yesseḥqer. Syin, akken kan iruḥ ad sen-yezzi s uerur iwakken ad yuɣal s ansi d-yekka, ata yesla i yiwet n taɣect i s-d-yessawlen s taerabt, maca iban d Aṛumi i yettmeslayen la s-d-yeqqar :
— Yella ddexxan ?…
Dɣa ur yumin ara, imuqel deg-s yerna iḥukk akka ddebbu-s ɣer ccahed-is amek ara s-yinin ilaq idrimen . Winna yefhem, ihuzz aqerru-s, ihi yuẓa acemma ɣer ɣur-s, s ukukru kan, armi d anda ur t-id-yettaweḍ ufus userdas[5]-nni. Syin aserdas-a yekkes-d abalṭu-s s leeqel, iwehha-yas-d yess, yenna-yas :
— D wa i seiɣ d idrimen.
Dɣa Ǧeḥca yeneetbar, ibedd kan yettḥekkir deg ubalṭu-nni aqehwi yesean tiseqfal d tizegzawin, acku si tama yewhem, si tama nniḍen iger-it ṭṭmee. Taswiet yefra-tt d yiman-is, d acu mačči d nneyya i yella, yugad ad s-tt-yezreg Uṭalyan-nni. Ihi ileeb-itt zeema yekkes-d yiwen upaki n ddexxan s ttawil maḍi, syin iger afus-is akken ad d-yeṭṭef abalṭu-nni, maca aserdas yeqqen aeenbur-is, yuẓẓaf-d fell-as :
— Abalṭu s yiwen upaki kan ? awi-d ɣer da eecra !
Ihi Ǧeḥca yexlee, yuɣal-d ɣer deffir. Yeẓra ur d-yewwi ara ṭṭmee-is, daymi ieedda ad yeṭṭaxer syin, maca yuɣal-d userdas deg wawal yenna-yas :
— Awi-d ayen ilaqen… tesea, tmenya…
Imir ilemẓi s tɣennant i ihuzz aqerru-s akken ad yeggami, dɣa yenna-yas userdas :
— Sebea, ihi.
Maca Ǧeḥca ihuzz daɣen aqerru-s am yizgelli-nni, yerna tikelt-a yerra iman-is iteddu ad iruḥ s tidet, ihi aserdas yesteqnee s setta, syin iṣubb-d ɣer xemsa ; yerna ɣas akken, iwehha-yas-d Ǧeḥca s ufus-is am win i s-yennan belli dayen kan, ur yeksan ara ad yeqbel, syin yuɣal s amkan-is yeqqim. Acemma kan ata isuɣ-d userdas iruḥen ad yemxell :
— Eyya !… qebleɣ s rebea.
D acu, win nniḍen ur s-yerri ara yakk ddhen ; yerna iwakken ad s-d-ibeyyen belli ur yeclie ara deg-s, yeceel agaṛṛu yeqqim yettkeyyif, yestbennay-it s leeqel-is maḍi. Dɣa aserdas ulint-as, armi win ara t-yeẓren akken deg teswiet-nni ad s-yini wayi iswi ur t-yesei di ddunit ala iguṛṛa-nni i yebɣa ad yawi. Ihi iṣubb-d deg ccerṭ-is ɣer tlata, ikemmel ɣer sin. Ma d Ǧeḥca yeqqim kan yettnaɣ d tasa-s akked ṭṭmee i t-yenɣan, dacu mi d-iṣubb akken winna armi yeqbel sin ipakiyen kan, iḥerrek akken acemma war ma ifaq-d dɣa iwala-t-id userdas yenna-yas-d :
— Awi-d.
Dayen, imir yegra-yas-d kan ad yekker. Ata ihi yuẓa ɣer tmacint yeṭṭef-d abalṭu sɣur userdas, yefka-yas sin ipakiyen n ddexxan. Mi imuqel deg ubalṭu iban belli ieǧeb-it lḥal, dɣa s lferḥ i yezmummeg. Taswiet, isers tasenduqt-is ɣef tɣalaṭ iɣef yella yeqqim, yerra-tt ɣer tama, yebda la t-yettlus. Mi t-yesseqfel ikad-d hraw acemma fell-as, maca ur yeclie ara, imi yuɣal yewhem deg iman-is ; yeddem-d kan dduzan-is yeṭṭef taqibalt deg ugnenna iteddu yettzuxxu… acu ara d-teṭṭfeḍ seg-s si lferḥ imiren ! Acemma kan iruḥ-d lexyal n Bedweyya gar wallen-is am akken kan i tt-iẓerr s uḥayek-is, ihi yetewtew d yiman-is, yenna : « A lemmer ad yi-d-twali akka ! Ih… ur tettuɣal ara ad terwel fell-i neɣ ad yi-tesseḥqer, ma d azewwax-nni n Lɣerr ur yesei s wacu ar di-yagar tura. » Maca din din yemmekta-d belli Lɣerr netta yettlus akustim yekmel, mačči d abalṭu kan, ihi tura netta ixuṣṣ-it userwal.
Ata ihi Ǧeḥca ibedd yettxemmim, syin imuqel ɣer imeḥbas i d-yettbinen deg isfuyla n tmacint, ixẓer-iten s yiwet akken n tmuɣli yebɣan ad d-tini kra. Dɣa yuɣal yewwi-t ṭṭmee ɣef lqae rnan leǧwareḥ-is mbawlen seld mi ruḥen ad d-rsen ; ihi ur ieeṭṭel ara iderreḍ ɣer tmacint, ieeyyeḍ war ma ikukra :
— Eyya-w ddexxan… apaki s userwal, i wid ur nesei ara idrimen… apaki s usrwal.
Ieawed i tiɣri-ya-ines acḥal, acku yugad ur fehhmen ara acu d-yeqsed, syin icewwer ɣer ubalṭu-nni yelsa yerna yessken-asen apaki n ddexxan, dɣa akka i ieedda yizen-is. Ihi yiwen userdas ieedda din din ad d-yekkes abalṭu-ines, maca yenna-yas ad yerju, yuɣal iwehha ɣer userwal-is, am win i s-yennan belli d win i yebɣa, mačči d abalṭu. Dɣa aserdas yefqee acemma, maca yuɣal yekkes-d aserwal-is, ɣer tagara mbaddalen tiɣawsiwin.
Ihi Ǧeḥca ixuṣṣ kan ad yefferfer si lferḥ m’akken i d-yeṭṭef aserwal-nni i d-yehbej d ahbaj seg ufus n winna, yerna dqiqa kan yelsa-t, dɣa yuɣal d aserdas aṭalyan ikemlen… D acu, ahat yella kra i t-ixuṣṣen… ih, d asḥissef, imi imeḥbas-nni ur ttarran ara iṭerbac
[6] ɣef yiqerra-nsen. Maca ggaren iḍaren-nsen deg isebbaḍen, yerna ilaq-as kan yiwen ma yebɣa ad yeedel d Lɣerr i s-yessreẓgen tudert-is. Daymi yeddem daɣen tasenduqt-is yuɣal yuzzel ɣer tmacint la yetteeyyiḍ, :
— Eyya-w ddexxan… apaki s usebbaḍ… apaki s usebaḍ.
Tikelt-a daɣen ieawen iman-is s ucewwer amek ara t-fehmen. Maca qbel ad d-yerbeḥ amsaɣ-iḍen, atta tṣeffart n tmacint tsuɣ ɣer tikli, ihi yuqee-itt umhirweḍ gar yieessasen merra yellan din. Iḍ tuɣ dayen idel-d taɣsert ; deg igenni yegra-d ala yiwen n wefrux i iteddun ad yens ; dɣa imir i yeḥbes Ǧeḥca ula d netta s yiwet akken n tirɣi deg wul-is, d wurrif, d lɣiḍ akked layas i ibanen ɣef allen-is.
Syin, mi temebawel tmacint tettuddu ad tṣidd, ziɣ ilemmee-it-id yiwen ueessas i yellan deg ufagu n zzat, dɣa yefqee, yuẓzaf-d fell-as s tneglizit yerna-d s tṭalyant, yenna-yas :
— Γiwel, ali-d ! ali-d ay ameḥbus…
Maca Ǧeḥca ur yefhim ara d acu s-d-yeqqar, ihi iwakken ad yekkes ɣef wul-is, yebda yettḥaka-t-id amek akken i yettḥerrik, yettaḍsa fell-as, am win iḍemnen iman-is mi s-d-yezga akken deg lebeid. Aeessas si tama-s yuɣal isuɣ-d, netta tamacint tuɣ tettibeid cwiṭ cwiṭ.
— Ali-d !.. ɣur-k, aql-i nniɣ-ak-d… uɣal-d !
Kiklif, Ǧeḥca izemm imi-s maḍi amek ara yestehzi ugar yess, yezzi-yas s uerur, ikemmel abrid-is. Ihi aeessas iga-d tummeẓt s ufus-is azelmaḍ la d-yetteggez[7] ilemẓi yeṭṭeglellin… yuɣal yeqreṣ fell-as. Dɣa tufeg yiwet akken n teldunt teseuẓẓug, ḍefrent-tt-id tɣiwsin n leqriḥ d jjieran. Akka i yeqqur Ǧeḥca deg umkan, teɣli tbewwaṭ-nni seg ufus-is rnan nḍeqqaren ipakiyen n ddexxan d zzalamiḍ, syin yenneqlab ɣef wudem, tegra-d lǧetta-s di lqaea.
[1] Gare, station
[2] Agnenna : quai
[3] Amrig : (sslaḥ) arme
[4] Takurmut : (lḥebs) prison
[5] Aserdas : (aesekri) soldat
[6] Aṭerbuc : fez
[7] Ggez : menacer
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© 2017 Samir Tighzert
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Tadiwennit akked ucennay Hamid Aït Melloul
Yeffeɣ-d deg uɣmis Tiɣremt (la Cité) ass n 04/12/2016
Yesteqsa-t Maklidir Iɣil Wis
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Ḥamid ayt Mellul d anaẓur i d-tefka taddart n Tgubba i d-yezgan deg tɣiwant n Ticci (Bgayet), d aselmad di tesdawit n Bgayet, damedyaz, yexdem ddeqs n telatin, i mazal ur d-ffiɣent, yesseẓreg-d yiwet n tesfift s wazal-is deg useggas n 2006, yefka azal i tezlit taqbayit, s lecraha i d-yerra tiririt i yesteqsiyen-nneɣ, ḍefret-d ihi tadiwennit-a.
Deg tazawara, anwa i d Lḥamid Ayt Mellul?
Ḥamid Ayt Mellul, isem-is aḥaqqani Ḥamid Tiɣzert, illul deg taddart n Tgubba, taɣiwant n Ticci. Tura atan d aselmad di Tsadwit n Bagyet, Tasdawit ideg yeɣra yakan netta s yiman-is.
D acu i k-d-yewwin ɣer ccna d tmedyazt?
Ad k-d-iniɣ sseḥ. Segmi lliɣ d aqcic d ameẓyan, ufiɣ-d agiṭar deg uxxam, ufiɣ-d gma ameqran Akli icennu, ixeddem tizlatin d isefra (ar ass-a mazal-it yessefraw) ; am akken i d-ufiɣ daɣen ala iḍebsiyen n Ayt Mengellat, d Sliman Eazem d wiyaḍ i ten-yecban… d aya i yi-d-yewwin ɣer ubrid-a n ccna d tmedyazt.
Γef acu tesfraweḍ:
Tizilit tamezwarut i xedmeɣ, rriɣ-tt d tajmilt i Dda Lmulud At Meemmer. Lliɣ seiɣ 14 iseggasen di leemer-iw. Syin akin, xedmeɣ aṭas n tezlatin d isefra. Ahat ugar n meyya. Ttaruɣ ttarraɣ ɣer ṭṭerf. Cniɣ ɣef tayri, ɣef ddunit d temsirin-is, tikwal daɣen ɣef tsertit.
Tessiẓrgeḍ-d-d deg 2006 yiwet n tesfift, ssin akkin ulac amaynut, tḥebseḍ neɣ d allalen ay ulac ?
Ulamma ttawil ixuṣṣ ad d-iniɣ mačči d win i y-ieeṭṭlen. D abrid n ccna s umata i iweeren. Asiẓreg s webrid aqbuṛ ur yessufuɣ ara ass-ayi, acku tura ɣas in’as yuɣal d ttjaṛa kan. Ma ur tcennuḍ ara i tmeɣra, ur d-tettafeḍ w’ara d-yelhun yid-k ma tebɣiḍ ad txedmeḍ ayen zeddigen.Uɣaleɣ beddelɣ abrid, deg teswiet ɣer tayeḍ srusuɣ kra n tezlatin deg Internet. Meena ttxemmimeɣ ad uɣaleɣ ɣer ustudyu akken ad sskelseɣ tisfifin-iḍen ssya d asawen imi tuɣac llant.
Efk-d tamuɣli-k ɣef liḥala n tezlit taqbaylit n wass-a ?
Zik qqaren anaẓur d lemri n tmetti. Ass-a ccukeɣ lḥala tenneqlab. Ittɣiḍ lḥal imi tikwal d icennayen imeqranen s yiman-nsen i d-yessaṭaren deg uswir-nsen iwakken ad eeǧben i madden. Ass-a di ccna n tqbaylit tella tesmekta (la quantité) meena ulac ayen yelhan deg tɣara (qualité). Γas akken mazal llan wid icennun ayen zeddigen, ttaeraḍen ad xedmen ayen yelhan. D acu cukkeɣ lḥal ahat ad ibeddel kra wass, imdanen ad eyun si ccna n tmeɣriwin u ad uɣalen ad nadin ɣef ayen nniḍen, imir ad s-yuɣal wazal i usferu deg tezlit am isegassen-nni n 70 d 80.
Anwi icennayen d yimedyazen iqbayliyen d yiberraniyen i tḥemmleḍ
Ḥemmleɣ s lketra icennayen iqdimen. Ait Menguellet, d Ferḥat Imula uɣur i d-nejreɣ ṣṣenf n tmedyazt i ttaruɣ. Dɣa yessewham lḥal m’ara nmuqel, yiwen am Ferḥat ssnen-t medden d argaz aserti kan, yerna ayen yexdem deg uẓawan(musique) akked isefra d ayen lqayen ur ixeddem menwala. Gar wid i ḥemmelɣ, llan daɣen wiyaḍ si tsuta taneggarut, i umedya ad d-adrɣ Eebbas n At Rzin. Ma d iberraniyen, smeḥsiseɣ i icennayen iqdimen icennun s tefransist. Gar-sen s lketra Joe Dassin d Enrico Macias.
Ma nniɣ-ak Tagguba d acu ara y-id-tiniḍ ?
Tagguba d taddart-iw. Taddart deg i luleɣ. Anda ruḥeɣ ad d-uɣaleɣ ɣur-s.
Ahat yella wacu i tebɣiḍ ad theḍreḍ ur k-id-seqsaɣ ara fella-s ?
Ad cekreɣ s waṭas aɣmis La Cité i d-yefkan tagnit akken ad meslayeɣ ɣef tesfift “Aseggaḍ n lḥut”.
D acu ara sen-tiniḍ i yilemẓiyen d tlemẓiyin-nneɣ ?
Ad sen-iniɣ belli sean ẓẓher imi d-lulen deg tallit-a n tiknulijit tatrart. Meena annect-a yerra-ten tteicen s waṭas deg ddunit tasugnant kan (le virtuel) ma zemreɣ ad t-id-iniɣ akka. Ad sen-d-greɣ ihi tiɣri i wakken ad d-ffɣen ciṭuḥ si tuɣult tumḍint (numérique) u ad d-uɣalen ɣer tilawt ssya ɣer da, akken ad fken lweqt, amedya, i tɣuri n yedlisen d leqdic deg wayen akk izemren ad yesnerni idles-nneɣ.
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Kra n tuɣac n Hamid Aït Melloul deg Youtube :
1) I yitran d tziri :
2) Lxiq
4) Cciṭan
« Ameslub », d adlis sɣur Xalil Ǧebran
Ameslub, isefra-s d tengalin-is ; d adlis umaru alubnani Xalil Ǧebran i d-yerra Samir Tighzert ɣer teqbaylit, taswiet-a yettnuz deg lulu.com kan.
Tukkist si tezwert n umsuɣel :
Win ara yeɣren Adlis-a taɣuri tafsisant kan, ad s-yini s tidet, yettmeslay-d ɣef yimi n ḥedd iselben, neɣ maḍi d amesllub i t-yuran ! Maca akken ara yeɣz yimeɣri s telqey deg imeslayen i d-yeddan deg-s, u ad imeḥḥeṣ deg yal awal di yal aḍris si 35-a yemgaraden, ad yaf belli yeɣleḍ deg usizref-is amezwaru, acku tamuɣli yellan deg-sen lqayet, iznen i d-ttceyyiɛen ččuren d inumak, akken yuɣ tannumi umeskar-nsen Xalil Ǧenran yettsisti-ten-id.
…..
Deg wayen yerzan Ameslub i yettwarun s tneglizit deg useggas 1918, am Nnbi, ur yeqqin ara ɣer yiwen n ṣṣenf aseklan ibanen ; yella win ara d-yinin yesdukkel-iten akk am akken ara d-yini wayeḍ yeffeɣ-asen merra. Lḥasun tuget gar yeḍrisen-a malen ugar ɣer tmedyazt tatrart, ṭṭfen daɣ ɣer tmacahut ɣas akken tikwal ttaken lewhi ula ɣer tira tuɣrisin, imi am akken i d-yedda deg uzwel, amskar-nsen yerra kra seg-sen d tingalin, meḥsub d ayen icban tiqsiḍin timecṭaḥ i d-yettawi umdan akken ad yenhu ḥedd, ad d-yesmekti kra neɣ ad d-yawi tamsirt ɣef kra n temsalt.
Tukkisin seg udlis :
Anwa i d Xalil Ǧebran ?
Ǧebran Xalil Ǧebran d amyaru alubnani, d amedyaz, d ameklaw ; ilul ass n 06 deg yennayer 1883 di Bacari (Lubnan), yemmut ass n 10 deg yebrir 1931 di New York ; yella yettaru s taɛrabt d tneglizit maca yettwassen ugar s udlis-is Nnbi i yura s tneglizit, ma s taɛrabt yeǧǧa-d ungalen yecban Afriwen yerrẓen ; tullisin am tid i d-yeddan deg wammud Tanekra n terwiḥin, d waṭas n tmedyazt. Ameslub i yura s tneglizit deg useggas 1918, d tallunt i yekfa i kra si tikta-s i d-yewwi s tengalin, tineqqisin neɣ s isefra.
Ameslub deg lulu.com (ttekki da)


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Usama Ben Laden
Usama Ben Laden neɣ Usama bin Muḥammed bin Awad bin Laden (ilul deg 10 Meɣres 1957 - yemmut deg 2 Mayyu 2011 Abbottabad, Pakistan), d aserdas aqbur n Tgelda Tasaɛudit yerna d argaz n yiweẓla (homme d'affaires) seg twacult tameṛkantit n Ben Laden ay yesɛan aṭas n yiseftiyen (investissements) deg Yiwunak Yeddukklen.
Deg yiseggasen n 1980, Ben Laden yella iqeddec (ɣer yidis n Yimarikaniyen) akken ad iɛawen Afɣanen ad ssuffɣen iɣallen isuvyatiyen seg tmurt-nsen. D netta ay d-yesbedden tuddsa timselleḥt n Lqaɛida ay yettekkan deg tenṭagin 11 Ctembeṛ 2001 deg Yiwunak Yeddukklen akked waṭas n tenṭagin niḍen ay d-yellan yimukan niḍen n umaḍal yerna glant s tmeddurin n waṭas n medden. Seg wasmi ay yettekka deg tenṭagin ay iḥuzan tinmuhal (ambassades) timarikaniyin deg Kenya ed Tanzanya (deg 1998), FBI yessers Ben Laden gar 10 n yemdanen imeqranen akk ayɣef yettnadi. Deg 1 Mayyu 2011, iɣallen imsellḥen imarikaniyen ssawḍen ad nɣen Ben Laden deg yiwen n wexxam deg temdint n Abbottabad, deg Pakistan.

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(Tamurt) – Awal yewweḍ ɣer yal tama n tmurt. Nnan tutlayt tamaziɣt ad tuɣal d tutlayt tunṣibt di tmenḍawt n tmurt tadzayrit. Wa yenna igerrez wannect-a mačči d kra, «tout va bien» tura. Wa yenna «annect-a d azerreg kan». Nekk s yiman-iw ufiɣ annect-a kra yelha deg-s, kra d irit.
Ayen yelhan: Tamezwarut: Yad yezzin azagur i tutlayt tamaziɣt, ddan d udabu tura atan twabahdeln, acku adabu-nsen yenna ih i tmaziɣt, ɣas annect-a d awal kan. Irgazen-a amek ara ad xedmen i wudmawen-nsen tura? Tis snat: Tura ad yaget umeslay ɣef taluft-a n tutlayt tamaziɣt, ɣef idles amaziɣ anida yedda yiwen. Tis krad: Amur ameqqran n Yizwawen/Tizwawin ur yizmir yiwen a sen-izerreg tura. Ɣran, ssnen, faqen!
Ihi adabu adzayri ma yella d tidet ira tamaziɣt d tutlayt tunṣibt n tmurt, ihi cic ad yefkk akk ayen yefka i taɛrab i tmaziɣt daɣen. Ma d tidet ira tamaziɣt, ihi yessefk ad yekmasi ass-a yakan tira-ines di tɣiwanin, ad yefkk udem amaziɣ i tmurt tadzayrit deg kra yellan d aḥric n tsertit n tmurt.
Ihi ma d tidet ira tamaziɣt, cic ad yerr tamurt n Dzayer d tamurt tafidiralit, anida zedɣen Imaziɣen ad tili tutlayt n twuri n unabaḍ-nsen d tamaziɣt. Nekni di tmurt-nneɣ TamazɣaTalemmast (Tamurt n Iqbayliyin) a nexdem s tutlayt-nneɣ Tazwawt-Tamaziɣt. S uwanek akk d unabaḍ kan izwawen i yezmer ad yili wannect-a!
Nekni s Yizwawen yessefk a nẓer merra d nekni kan i yebɣan tutlayt-nneɣ, s nekni kan i tezmer ad tedder. S tutlayt-nneɣ kan i nezmer a nessali tamurt-nneɣ d asawen, s tutlayt-nneɣ kan di tmurt-nneɣ i nezmer a nseggem tudert-nneɣ. Ihi tutlayt-nneɣ yessefk ad tili gar ifassen-nneɣ! Ayen akk nniḍen d azerreg kan!
Akli Azwaw


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D acu i teswa ddunit ?
Mi d-yemdel tawwurt n uxxam, bdan imeṭṭawen tteYlayen-d deg wallen n tmeṭṭut-is, fsusit di tazwara, maca ttnernayen di teqseḥ almi qqlen d acetki :
- Ttxil-k a Nnadir ẓer d acu i txeddmeḍ, ttxil-k uYal di ṛṛay-ik tettuḍ tiktiwin-ayi tiberkanin i d-yeYlin Yef uqerruy-ik…
Maca imeṭṭawen-is d tmeslayin-is nnerfadent deg igenni am tagut n ṣṣbeḥ, Nnadir ur asent-yesli ara. Lḥess-nni i d-eellent tektiwin yennejmaeen deg wallaY-is akked wul-is rrant timedlin fell-as, ur t-ğğint ara ad isel i kra nniḍen.
Ieel tisura deg lğib-is. Tura ad ieeddi Yef wergaz-nni umi yezzenz axxam i wakken ad as-tent-yefk, s yinna ad yeṭṭef abrid-is Yer tmurt akken i as-ieel leḥsab deg tazwara. Akamyun i ieebban lqec n uxxam yezwar, yegra kan ad ilaḥeq netta d tmeṭṭut-is.
Yeldi tawwurt n tkerrust, isers kra n lqec d ameẓẓyan deg-s, umbeed yerkeb, yessekker amutur. Ur yefki ara ula d azgen n tiṭ i tmeṭṭut-is yellan tneggef deg berra. Yezmer ad iruḥ ad tt-yeğğ mebla ma tuqee-as akken i yezzenz axxam-is, yeṭṭaxxer-d deg lxedma-ynes yezmer ad tt-yeğğ ula d nettat. Ula d nettat teẓra annect-a acku yenna-as-d ussan ieeddan:
- tebYiḍ ad tedduḍ, tebYiḍ ad truḥeḍ axxam n baba-m.
D aya kan, ur d-yerna ara awal.
Din-din terkeb. Imeṭṭawen mazal d tiregwa deg udem-is. Imi mazal tessaram ad yuYal deg ṛṛay-is, tenna-as s taYect qerriḥen:
- A Nnadir ad ak-yehdu Rebbi, madam ur ifut ara lḥal, uYal s axxam-ik, uYal Yer lxedma-ynek, tekkseḍ fell-aY lhem-ayi…
Yerfed-d allen-is Yur-s, twala deg-sent tamuYli n win umi iruḥ leeqel, yenna-as:
- D acu i teswa ddunit ?
Deg ussan ieeddan, yal tikelt mi ara testeqsi-t i wacu i yebYa ad yexdem akka, yella yettarra-as-d s tefyirt-ayi: “D acu i teswa ddunit?”. Tugi ad tefhem d acu i t-yuYen. Tenna-as dayen argaz yemxel, yeffeY-it leeqel, neY yella kra n uḥeckul i yečča.
Yiwen wass yenna-as-d d acu i t-yessembawlen, ziY d taluft-nni n tarwa. Tenna-as:
- Tayi d lḥağa n Rebbi, ur nesei d acu ara nexdem. Ilaq amdan ad yeṣber Yef wayen i as-d-yefka Rebbi, d netta i aY-d-yennan yella win umi ara fkeY lwacul yella win umi ara fkeY tiqcicin, yella win umi ur ttakeY ara tarwa.
Maca Nnadir ur as-yesli ara, ula d yimeddukal-is ur asen-yesli ara, nitni daYen eerḍen ad t-sḥebsen, meena yiwen ur yewwiḍ.
Ha-t-an tura iteddu Yer tmurt. Takeṛṛust qrib ad tefferfer deg ubrid ameqqran akken i qrib ad yefferefer uqerruy-is yeččuren d tiktiwin d wul-is yeččuren d iḥulfuyen.
AyYer yexdem annect-a ?
Netta s yiman-is ur yeẓri ara. Ahat d tarewla i yebYa ad yerwel Yef wayen ak i t-id-yesmektayen ? Yezmer lḥal… Yeẓra kan yiwet n lḥağğa : YebYa ad d-yeğğ later deg ddunit-ayi, ur yebYi ara ad yemmet mebla ma yeğğa-d ayen ara d-yesseknen d akken argaz-ayi yella yedder kra n wussan deg lqaea-ayi. Tikti-ayi n lmut tettuYal qerriḥet mi ara yeḥṣu umdan d akken ulac win ara d-yekkren deg umkan-is ma yemmut yeeni yenger…
TezdeY-it tikti-ayi n nnger, tuYal-as d yir targit. D acu ara yexdem iwakken ad tt-yesfeḍ deg wallaY-is?...
Yiwen wass yeqqim isekked yiwen usaru Yef yiwen wergaz yettleqqimen tizemrin, iger-as iYallen i yiwet n tzemmurt yenna-d :
- Nekki tizemrin-ayi Yur-i am warraw-iw, mi ara leqqmeY tazemmurt, ad as-fkeY ak leḥnana i seiY i wakken ad tegmu wa ad teğğuğğeg amzun d yiwen n ueeggal deg twacult-iw…
Waqila d wayi ara yexdem netta daYen, ad yeẓẓu tazemmurt neY ad ileqqem taẓebbujt, akka azekka ma yemmut, mi ara d-eeddin yimdanen Yef tzemmurt-nni ad as-inin “Tayi yeğğa-tt-id Nnadir”.. Akka kan i as-ieel leḥsab.
Iwakken tikti-ayi ad tuYal d tidet, ilaq ad yuYal Yer tmurt, Yer teḥriqt i as-d-yeğğa baba-s. D tayi i d tikti yifen ak tiktiwin ! Akka, ad yeğğ ak lqaea-ayi n « nnger ». Ad yezzenz axxam-is, ad d-iṭṭixxer deg lxedma-ynes, wa ad yettu ak imeddukal yesea dayi. Ad yebdu tudert d tamaynut. Ma yella d tameṭṭut-is ad as-yebru… Ala, tayi ur izemmer ara ad tt-yexdem, tameṭṭut-ayi yufa-tt Yer yidis-is, ur tesmiḥ ara deg-s, amek ara tt-yeğğ netta ?!... Iiih ! Tameṭṭut-is ! TettYiṭi-t mači d kra, limer yufa, ayen ak tettmenni ad as-t-id-isers gar ifassen-is, maca tayi nnig ufus-is, akken tenna nettat : Ur yesei d acu ara yexdem.
Yeqleb Yer tmeṭṭut-is i yellan tsekked Yer ubrid tettxemmim, imeṭṭawen mazal ur kkawen ara deg legdaḥ-is… Yettmektay-d ussan imezwura n zwağ-nsen. D ussan iẓidanen, ččuren d asirem d tmuYli Yer sdat. Yal tameddit mi ara d-yuYal deg lxedma, ad d-qqimen ad ččen imensi, ad as-yeḥku ayen i as-yeḍran deg wass-is, ad teḍs wa ad yeḍs. Llan am ugṭiṭ d tegṭiṭ, ttrağun kan ad yeččar leec s yifrax. Meena ussan eeddan, agguren eeddan, iseggasen eeddan, leec yugi ad yeččar.
Nnadir bdan ttaẓayen fell-as wussan almi i as-truḥ lbenna deg ddunit, kullec yeYli deg ul-is. Ula d tameṭṭut-is i yella ur iṣebber ara fell-as nnig n tmanya n tsaetin, yuYal ur d-yettnejmae ara zik iwakken ur yettmeslay ara yid-s. Ula deg usi ur tt-yeṭṭas ara, ccbaḥa ak i tesea tmeṭṭut-is tuYal ur tesei ara anamek Yur-s.
Mači Yas aya, ayen yellan ak deg ddunit, yuYal ur yesei ara anamek Yur-s : Lxedma, tazmert, axxam, takerrust, tameṭṭut… ayen ak i ttnadin medden deg ddunit. Netta yesea-ten ak meena ur asen-yufi ara lbenna. Nnig wakka, uYalen-as d taekemt tamaẓayt, yebYa ad yerwel fell-asen sadil ad yaf talwit deg tlemmast n lḥif.
Mi yewweḍ Yer tmurt, isers tameṭṭut-nni umi yebḍa wul deg uxxam aqdim i as-d-yeğğa baba-s. S yinna lḥağa tamezwarut i yexdem, iruḥ Yer ssuq yuY-d tagelzimt d tmencart d lmus. Γer uzekka yekker-d zik, isuma Yer teḥriqt n uzemmur…
Yefren-d yiwet n ẓebbujt, ifres-itt, igzem-itt, ileqqem-itt akken ilaq lḥal. Mi ifukk, yeqqim Yef tgecrar-is isekked Yur-s, iḥulfa am wakken d tayi i d lḥağa leali i d-yexdem ak deg ddunit-is. Yerfed allen-is Yer igenni yenna-as : “Deg leenaya-k a Rebbi taYeḍ-iyi afus, temleḍ-iyi abrid n leslak...” .
S yinna, imi yufa d akken mazal lḥal, ieedda Yer tzemrin nniḍen yebda-tent-id deg ṭṭerf yiwet yiwet yettberriz-itent itekkes-asent lYaba, ur tent-ifukk ara almi d tameddit.
Mi yebda yiṭṭij yettizwiY, bdan lexyalat n tzemrin ttikmilen, yeqqim-d deg tizi n teḥriqt yettmuqul deg lxedma-ynes. Iḥulfa s yiwet n tumert d temeqqrant, yeğğa iṭṭij ad d-yessdel Yef udem-is, abeḥri ad yessergagi acekkuḥ-is. Yemdel allen-is, usant-as-d tirga d tibninanin, yeğğa-tent ad zzuznent rruḥ-is, yedda yid-sent almi d taggara…
Maca mi d-yeldi allen-is, tumert-nni tufeg deg igenni amzun ur d-telli ara maḍi. YuYal-d uḥulfu-nni n war anmek, iḥulfa am wakken ayen yexdem neY ayen ixeddem ak ur yesei ara anmek, layas yewweḍ Yer tizi-s .
YuYal yettxemmim: Imi kra ur yesei anamek, imi ara iḥewwes fell-as i wacu? Ass-is ieedda-d akken iwata s tumert d lehna deg ṣṣbeḥ almi d tameddit, yeqqim tura ma yella tuY tzemmurt-nni neY teqqur, wayi mači d aYbel, netta yexdem ayen i fell-as.
Yemmekta-d yiwen yinzi i as-d-teqqar tmeṭṭut-is: “Akken i yella wass, ad t-id-iseeddi umeksa”, teqqar-as-d daYen yiwen wawal n yiwen umusnaw aglizi ur d-yecfi ara Yef yisem-is: “ Lḥif yettas-d asmi ara yeseu umdan lewqet ara t-yeğğen ad yesteqsi iman-is yadṛa yetthenna neY ala…” .
Awwah! Tameṭṭut-ayi i yesea d tuḥdiqt, d tuḥrict, testahal ala lxir. Ilaq ad yuYal Yer wayen ak i yeğğa deg temdint, mači Yef lğal-is netta, Yef lğal-is nettat.
Ilaq ad yeḥbes timmexlelt-ayi n uḥewwes Yef yinumak… Din-din yeqleb Yer tzemmurt-nni i ileqqem yenna-as s leeyaḍ: “Ma d kem tesliḍ: TebYiḍ aY, tebYiḍ qqar!!”.
Daya kan, ur d-yerni ara awal…
Tefreḥ tmeṭṭut-is mači d kra imi d-yuYal Yur-s s ṛṛay-ayi amaynut… Weread i yuli ṣṣbeḥ llan jemeen lqec-nsen ṭṭfen abrid… Lemziyya Nnadir yesea imeddukal ẓẓay ṛṛay-nsen, zemren ad terren Yer lxedma-ynes, ma yella d axxam, yezmer ad d-yaY wayeḍ.
Kra n wussan, tuYal-d tudert-nsen Yer tannumi, ma yella d tazemmurt-nni i ileqqem Nnadir teqqur…
Walid Saḥli
Genzat n It Yeela .


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Si Lbacir imi yefqee, yerra ɣer teewint yellan deg weḥriq-is, yegzem aman. Dɣa, taddart teqqim i fad. Deg temlilit, yezwar-d Bulekluf, aselway n tejmaet, yenna : » Ad nṣelit Yef nnbi rasul llah a lxawa !!…. « .
Weread ur yekfi, yegzem-as awal Muḥend : » a Bulekluf, nusa-d ad nefru aɣbel n Si Lbacir mačči d taẓalit i d-nusa ad neẓẓal da. Deg leenaya-k kcem srid ɣer wayen i ɣ-d- yecqan.
« Ih yesea azref Muḥend, yenna yiwen seg tiɣmert n wuxxam anda mlalen. Ayen i Y-d-yewwin Yer da d amek kan ara nekkes fad Yef taddart-nneY. Awah mačči d tixerbicin-nwen di lğamee, tili ur Y-iḍerru wayen yeḍraṛan akka yid-neɣ. Ẓṛet kan d acu i s-txedmem i Si Lbacir, terriglim-t i wakken aY-d-yerr aman, uqbel ad teḍru twaɣit di taddart-nneY. Imir-nni mi ara ifat lḥal, ad s-neqqar : ah lemmer nenwa akk-a !! »
{{Bulekluf :}}
Ad nṣelit Yef… dacu i ttixerbicin i nexdem ? Ha.. ur tettsetḥiḍ kečč a mmi-s n tinnatan. Lemmer tettsetḥiḍ, tettnefḍaḥeḍ, tili tettaseḍ-d ad teẓẓaleḍ am tizzya-k..
{{Si Lbacir}} (s wurfan) :
» Yeneel taẓalit i tettẓalam kunwi ay iedawen n Ṛebbi. Nekk ur d-ttarraY aman alma yettwakkes ccix-a i Y-d-tewim ur ẓṛiY s anisa ? Ccix-a ay atmaten mi ad d-yesYaray ur s-fehmmeY ara. NniY-as: yessefk ad Y-d-theddreḍ s teqbaylit i wakken yal yiwen deg taddart ad k-yefhem. Amedya : tuddna nezmer ad tt-nerr Yer teqbaylit, yak annect-a mačči d leḥram?!! Yak deg Leqran ula d awal ur t-id-yenni ɣef tuddna? Ayak Rebbi ur ɣ-d-yenni ara ilaq s taerabt kan ara ntedden i wakken ad ɣ-d-yeqbel taẓallit-nneɣ? Ay atma nniY-as-d kan akka, am akken yuli-t-id uğenniw, yečča-yi yesseblee-iyi. Yexdem-d ağarnan fell-i. Ihi nekk ay atmaten ur d-ttarraY ara aman alma yeddem lqec-is ccix-a amcum sya. Yerna ccix amaynut ar ad d-tawim, yessefk ad d-itedden s teqbaylit, ad d-yettmeslay s teqbaylit, ula d taɣuri n tṣurtin s teqbaylit. lḥaṣun kra yellan s teqbaylit. Eni Rebbi yexleq-d taqbaylit, yendem deg-s neɣ ur tt-ifehhem ara?!! Nekk lḥaṣun akka neY ma ulac ala !! I wakken ad awen d-sifsuseɣ taluft, atan eerḍeɣ rriɣ-d tuddna Yer teqbaylit. Hattan:
Ṛebbi d ameqṛan, Ṛebbi d ameqṛan
Umneɣ ulac ula yiwen sennig-s, Umneɣ ulac ula yiwen sennig-s
Umneɣ belli Muḥemmed d imceyyee-ines, Umneɣ belli Muḥemmed d imceyyee-ines
Asset-d Yer teẓẓalit, Asset-d Yer teẓẓalit
Asset-d Yer webrid yessufuɣen, Asset-d Yer webrid yessufuɣen
Ṛebbi d ameqṛan, Ṛebbi d ameqṛan
Ulac ula yiwen sennig-s
Ma yella ur telhi ara akka, nezmer ad nessuter afus i wid yessnen taqbaylit, ad tt-seggmen, i yekkemel Si Lbacir. Maca, wer akka yif xir ad temmten seg fad. Nekk aman-iw d taqbaylit. »
Yekker uhedwir di tajmaet… wissen kan amek ar ad tt-frun ?!!!


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Ad nettu iḍelli, ad neckunteḍ deg ass n wass-a akken ad nheggi azekka.
Ilaq amud n tebɣest akken ad yuɣal wakud d allal ger ifassen n umdan.
Win izmren i wannect-a iga asurif meqqren ɣer tussna n lesrar n ddunit. D acu i d lawan, amek yedda umdan yid-s? D tuttriwin iceɣben amdan di yal tama n ddunit di yal tagnit di yal lawan.
Yenna Lunis:
Kul lqern yurǧa lehna,
Waqila abrid-is yenneḍ.
Kul mi ara yekfu usseggas, nettmbudu wayeḍ yifen win yezrin. Di yal
tallit di yal tamnaṭ di yal timetti akka i yella lḥal. Lameena d acu-t wakud–agi wuɣur nccud asirem-nneɣ neɣ asḥisef-nneɣ?
Yeqqar Paul-Jean Toulet: “akud yetteeddi. Ah! lemmer nezmer ad t-nwali amek yettezririg, yettensar gar iḍuḍan-nneɣ. Lemmer nettmeyyiz akud di
tilawt yetteeeddi , nekni nedda yid-s.” .
Amdan iccud ɣer wakud. Yezga d tadla deg yimi n lawan. Deg uḥric–agi yenna Lunis:
Lweqt yetteeddi
Nekni nettawli-t
Muḥal ad d-yezzi
Leemer yattawi-t
D acu i d lḥal? D acu i d lawan? Amek ara d-nenser i tuccar-is ? D tigi
i d timsal i iceɣben imeyyazen seg wasmi i d-yexleq zzman:
Aggim-a yebda s ṭraḍ
Icuba wid ieeddan
S uɣurar yesnerna fad
Ttmeǧǧiden wid yelluẓen
Ṣwab mi nɣil ad d-ibedd
Assa deg-s ur d-yeclig ḥedd
Yenerna lbaṭṭel ɣef lefsed
{{Amek aken?}}
Tikwal amdan yettru , yesḥissif ɣef lweqt yezrin am wakken kra yellan
deg tebḥat n yiḍeli yelha yezdi. Am akken kra akk ezizen yeffer deg yiciwi-s, yeblee yid-s. Tasa-s tettru ɣef yiḍeli, tettmeni amer ad d-yuɣal. Lameena deg yixef-is , yura leɣrur, imi yeẓra belli ayen-nni d awezɣi :
Susem ay ul-iw i d-yettmektin
ayen akken I ieeddan, yekfa.
S wurfan yettwali belli akud d netta i d sebba n uhudu n kra yebna, n kra yasarem, n kra wuɣur yezdew lebɣi-s: “Aṭan n temẓi d ussan”, i immeǧed Maetub s wurfan. Tikwal diɣ, yettban am wakken deg yifer n lawan i yezdeɣ udem n talwit. Dɣa, d lǧerra n wannect-a nettqelib ɣef lweqt ajdid, win ara d-yessersen lebɣi ɣer irebawen-nneɣ:
Ah ya lwaqt ajdid
Eyya-d ɣafer-aneɣ
Ad as-nefk i umɣid
Amḍiq gar-aneɣ
Ger imeṭṭi ɣef yeḍelli, d ufilet ɣef uzekka ara t-yiffen, allaɣ yemlleli. Amdyaz yenna:
Ul-iw la yereggel i ujdid
Yerna yeɣunza aqdim
Azekka mazal-it beid
Iḍelli yedli-t lɣim
Ass n wass-a ikcem-it sḍiḍ
Yeggul di tasga ur yeqqim
Ihi am wakka nettwali akkud d rreḥba n wallaɣ. I tidet, d kra yellan i-yettfaten, nekni netteuddu d netta i yetteeddayen. Daymi tuzzma ɣef lawan tella. Daymi yedda usḥisef di later-is.
Saḥa ya lweqt aɣeddar
Win i d aɣ-yesserwan lhemm
Me nesber neẓra nenṭer
Me neḥmeq neẓra neḍlem
Ur aɣ-yenfie ma nehder
Ur aɣ-yenfie ma nessusem
Kul yum fell-aɣ d aḥebber
Amek akken-nni ara nexddem?
Ay ansi i d as-yekka, ad yaf iman-is yettwerhen gar lemwaj-is. Ur yezmir
ad ibeddel iḍelli, ur yesei tazmert ad iwehhi azekka, ur yesei lqedra ad yesseḥbes ass-a. Ussan la zerben ḥemqen i d-yenna Matoub. Urar n
wussan d amcum. Yenna umedyaz:
Ay ass-a anida a terreḍ ?
Iḍelli anda i d-tegriḍ ?
Azekka ansi ara d-taseḍ
Deg uslazekka i k-id-tennejliḍ
Mi tneɣlem d ieamuren
Amezruy i wen-nsemma
Cubaɣ-ken ɣer ikufan
Irden-nwen d tilufa
Ur ttenɣasen ur ttfakken
Acḥal teččam deg qeǧǧa
Akka, i d amadan akka i d lawan. Wa yetccekib deg wayeḍ.
{{Awal annegaru?}}
Am wakken id as yenna Maetub:
Yenealbuk a lḥif
I d aɣ-yeǧǧan di rrif
Ur nezmir ara!


text:
Iḍelli, zunakit hniɣ-tt ar wexxam n yidles “Mouloud Mammeri” n tizi n wuzzu. Yerna am wergaz gliɣ s tmeṭṭut-iw d warraw-nneɣ. Ziɣ yehwa-yi kan ttzuxxuɣ. Rriɣ-d ul-iw d amuḍin. Taɛrabt terra tiqit deg izenqan n tizi n wuzzu. Zziɣ-d akken ilaq.
Zik qqaren-aɣ: “Awi yeddan d wi t-yifen, ad yettɛanad ad t-yaweḍ”, iwakken a nessali aswir, a nwennaɛ lecɣal-nneɣ, a nezzzuzef lḥif ɣef yiman-nneɣ. Taggara, "nessaweḍ-itt s ajmam tenɣel". "Nesserwet, ɛabban wiyaḍ". Ay abeḥri d-yeffallen! Ziɣenna “simmal la nettuɣal ar deffir am dderya n yir ɣyul". Ass-agi sawleɣ i kra n yemddukal n-yeqqimen alammi tfuk ur tefri tfaska-nni n wecmarri. Nnan-iyi-d, d abazin, d tawaɣit, d arwayen. Timseqqeft, seqqan-ten s temḥeqranit… Cummeɣ-tt akken ara teḍru. D acu i yiǧǧan znukreɣ-d syin nekk akked twacult-iw.
Sḥasfeɣ kan imi ur d-mlaleɣ ara kra n yemddukal/timeddukal lɛali yerna llan(t) wid/tid yellan dinna. Wa ur t-walaɣ ara acku ur ẓriɣ ara din a yili, wa ur d i-yiga ara wakud imi ḥareɣ a d-rewleɣ ammar i yi-ttaɣen.
Tegra-d deg ubaxix-a akked buseṭṭaf-agi ran ad teḍlun i yidles-nneɣ, yessefk ad ncemmer i yiɣallen-nneɣ d a nessemsed allaɣen-nneɣ iwakken ad d-narew ka n tfaliḥt. Mulac a ɣ-ɛabbin mezleg. Ala s leqdic igerrzen s tutlayt-nneɣ tabaḥant « Taqbaylit sari » i nezmer ad asen-nerreẓ ifadden i wid akka yettnadin ad aɣ-ccemten. Wigi "yezzenzen adrum s weɣrum", tebra ma taɛreg-asen-d di teqbaylit, ma mezgen-d di tmaziɣt…
“D abernus zeddigen i ɣef-yettban wammus”. Ma nɛammed-asen neɣ nefka-yasen amrar aɣezfan, atan ihi d abernus yumsen ara s-nerr d lekfen i timmuzɣa-nneɣ yerna ur tessegmaḍ ara.
Yenna-yas uziki: “Ma ur d i-yekkis laẓ wexxam-iw, ur d iyi-t-itekkes yiwen”. Ala afus-nneɣ ay atmaten i izemmren ad aɣ-yekmez anda nra. Ma neǧǧa-yasen amkan, nefka-yasen lukala, iba ccah deg-neɣ, awer tt-nekker!
racid n tiɣilt


text:
Ar tsnmalay Tsnayt n Lquds g Tissint,Tata, kra n ussan idelsann, s tmlda n ikhf n usggwas amazigh, Idh n innayr 2960. g ddu iziwl n * TamazighT, mas n Tnflit.*
Ar nsnimmir marra inbdadn f Umussu yad adelsan, lli isfuglen s Wass anamur: Idh n innayr amazigh 2960.d ukwttay n baba tngh afgrouch baba Chichung, bab n usafu ikkan f ikhf n tircht n Ufraoun. S tmlda yad ar nttazn I iman n baba Chichung taguri n tarwa n Tmazgha, ad gis yanni yat tannayt n usmmgru, add yaghul iman ns s jaj n sn. Ar d d yaghul ustan n usmmgru, ar awn nssutur Asggwas anamar, amggaz, s tadhfi n ubughlu d w-afa n ussfrk.
Afus n tghnsa g ufus n udels.
Tissint (Tata) kra n w-ussan idelsanen.
Ar tsnmalay Tsnayt n Lquds g Tissint,Tata, kra n ussan idelsann, s tmlda n ikhf n usggwas amazigh, Idh n innayr 2960. g ddu iziwl n * TamazighT, mas n Tnflit.*
Comments
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asggas amggaz i imazighn inna gh llan ayyuz i tarwa n tata n tghnsa ayyuz mass abderhman tanmirt f unghmis


text:
TAFASKA (SIWEL) – Am yal aseggas, send ad yaweḍ wayyur n meYres, tidukla tadelsant “Adrar n Fad” n tYiwant n Ayt Smaɛel, agezdu n Bgayet, deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, tegared tiYri i tmedyazin d yimedyazen, ad kkin deg tfaska i d-tessudus, i yettuYalen d tajmilt i Dda Lmulud amussnaw, i wugar n yisallen, ddut-d yid-neY deg umagrad-a.
Almend n tfaska tis 15 n tmedyazt, tidukla tadelsant Adrar n Fad, tessawal-d i yimedyazen d tmedyazin n teqbaylit d wat yiles amaziY sumata, i wakken ad kkin deg tfaska-a, ara d-yilin seg 23 Yer 26 deg ayyur n meYres 2017, deg tYiwant n Ayt Smaɛel.
Wid, tid yerran ad kkin, yewwid fellasen, ad ceyɛen kraḍ n yisefra yettwarun s yisekkiln n tlatinit, talYa n uselkim, wad taznen Yer tansa-a: acafdz@yahoo.fr neY Tel Fax 034 39 00 90. Anecta ilaq ad yili send n was n 26 deg ayyur n fuṛar.
Ugar tamedyazt ad ilin leqdicat niḍen, ama d isaragen neY d iskasiyen Yef tudert d leqdic n Dda Lmulud At Mɛemmer. D tafaska ara d-yilin s lmendad n uprufisur d umaru Kamal Buɛemmara i yuran asegzawal amenzu ‘’Issin, Taqbaylit s Teqbaylit’’, d yidlisen niḍen i d-yernan cbaḥa i tsekla-nneY.
Ad nesmekti d akken tafaska n tmedyazt i d-tessudus yal aseggas tidukla n udrar n fad n ayt smaɛel, d tin yebdan tikli seg useggas n 2003, d tajmilt i umussnaw yettwanYan deg n 26 deg fuṛar 1989 imi d-yuYal seg tmurt n lmerruk anda iga kra n yisaragen, waggi d Dda Lmulud n At Mɛemmer.
Γas ulac-it yella, sgunfu deg talwit a Dda Lmulud. TeYzi n tudert i tdukli n udrar n fad, i yuran isem-is s yisekkilen n wureY deg umezruy n tnekkit d yidles-nneY.
Akli Muhubi
SIWEL 182320 Feb 17


text:
Antonio Gramsci
Antonio Gramsci: Kerheɣ wid iwumi semmeḍ wul[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
« Kerheɣ wid ur nḥerwa ara. Nekk am Friedrich Hebbel, umneɣ “tudert anamek-is ad tiliḍ d ameɣnas”. Ulamek ara nili d imdanen kan, d iberraniyen ɣef lecɣal n teɣremt. Win yettidiren s tidet yessefk-as ad yili d aɣerman, yessefk ad yettekki, ad yeṭṭef idis. Ma tjebdeḍ iman-ik anamek-is ul-ik semmeḍ, tɣellteḍ seg leɛtab n wiyiḍ, tettidireḍ deg tirruxsa, aya mačči d tudert, mačči d tirrugza. Ɣef aya i kerheɣ wid ur nḥerwa ara.
Tesmeḍ n wul d taɛkemt ẓẓayen ɣef umezruy. D taqsist n wuzzal yessezdaren asnulfu, d tamda ideg iɣerreq usirem, d agelmim i d-yezzin i temdint taqdim, i tt-yettḥaddan axir n leṣwar-is iǧehden, axir n yedmaren n lɛesker-is, axaṭer ḥeṣṣlen imnekcamen deg waluḍ-is, yettnuɣ-iten, yessefcal-iten, yeṭṭeggir-asent, berrun-as i tirrugza.
Tesmeḍ n wul tettfeṣṣil s wafud amezruy. Tettfeṣṣil-it s tsusmi, meɛna deg taggara tettfeṣṣil-it. D nettat i d lmektub iɣef ur nezmir ad nettkel, d nettat i yettruẓen nniya n wid itett wul, tettetti ɣef uqerruy leqdic yebnan ɣef llsas iṣeḥḥan, d nettat i d taɛdawt n tegzi d leḥdaqa i txenneq.
Ayen i d-iḍerrun, ama d lbaṭṭel d-yetteɣlayen ɣef medden yakk, neɣ ahat d cwiṭ n wayen yelhan i d-yefrurin seg tissas, ur d-yeḍri ara acku llan kra i t-id-yesseḍran, meɛna yeḍra-d axaṭer aṭas ssusmen, ṭṭerfen iman-nsen, ɣaben. Ayen d-yeḍran ur d-yeḍri ara axaṭer llan kra bɣan ad d-yeḍru, meɛna axaṭer tuget n medden tekna i lebɣi-nsen, teǧǧa-ten ad gen akken sen-yehwa, teqbel ad snin tyersiwin ta deffir ta, tid ala ajenwi i izemren ad tent-yefsin, tessuref i leqwanen ad bedden ideg ala tagrawla i izemren ad ten-tesseɣli, teǧǧa adabu ad t-ṭṭfen kra n yemdanen ideg ala tanekra i izemren ad ten-tekkes.
Lmektub-a i d-yettbinen d netta yesselḥawen amezruy ur yelli d ayen nniḍen anager n liḥala i d-ssersen wid iwumi semmeḍ wul, ur nḥerwa ara, i iɣaben.
Tilufa ttimɣurent deg tili, kra n yifassen, ur yettɛassa ula d yiwen, ttxiḍen azeṭṭa n tudert n medden, lɣaci ur yeẓri, axaṭer ur d-nḥerwan ara. Tawenza n tallit tleḥḥu s tmuɣli tuqmiḍt, s yeswiyen d lebɣi n kra iqeddcen, ma d lɣaci ur yeẓri ara axaṭer ur d-yecqi ara. Dacu kan tilufa i d-yemɣuren ssawaḍent-d ɣer kra, azeṭṭa i d-xaḍen deg tili yuli, dɣa akka yettban-d amzun akken d lmektub i yettrayin ɣef kra yellan, d medden neɣ d ayen nniḍen; yettban-d amzun akken amezruy d yiwet n twaɣit kan seg twuɣa n lqaɛa, am wedrar d-yessusufun isufa neɣ d znezla ara iḍurren yakk medden, ama d wid t-yebɣan neɣ d wid ur t-nebɣi ara, ara yeglun s wid yeẓran d wid ur neẓri s wacemma, wid yezdin s lqedd-nsen d wid iwumi semmeḍ wul.
Dɣa win akken iwumi semmeḍ wul ad yebdu ad yerfu, ad yebɣu ad d-yessukkes iman-is seg twaɣit d-yeḍran, ad yebɣu ad d-ibin belli netta ur yebɣi ara akk annect-a, mačči d netta i d sebba, yexḍa.
Dɣa kra tettrun sxenfifen, kra ttɛeggiḍen reggmen, meɛna ulac win yesteqsayen iman-is: i lukan nekk xedmeɣ ayen i fell-i, lemmer ɛerḍeɣ ad d-sseḍruɣ lebɣi-w neɣ tamuɣli-w ula d nekk, ad d-yeḍru wayen d-yeḍran akka? Meɛna yiwen ur yettlummu iman-is ɣef wejbad i yejbed iman-is, ɣef ukukru-ines, ɣef lḥenni i yeqqen i yifassen-is asmi ten-ḥwaǧen wid akken yettazzalen ttenɛettaben i wakken tawaɣit-a ur d-tḍerru ara, ɣef asmi i ireggel ɣef wid akken yettnaɣen, yessaramen llhu-a.
Tuget seg-sen, asmi ara d-taweḍ tmeddit, ad d-teḥḍer twaɣit, smenyifen ad ɣ-d-mmeslayen ɣef uktuyen d leqwaleb yettedramen, ɣef iṣenfaren ur d-yettalin ara i lebda d tmucuha nniḍen yecban tiya. Dɣa, i tkkelt nniḍen ad bdun ad seffḍen ifassen-nsen, amzun akken llum ur yelli fell-asen. Dɣa aya mačči imi ur ttwalin s tidet tilufa amek llant, mačči imi tikwal ur ssinen ara ad d-sseknen tifrat icebḥen i d-ttafen i yiɣeblan iɣeṣben, neɣ wid iwumi yessefk lweqt d umeyyez lqayen. Meɛna ɣas cebḥent tifrat-a, ur d-ttarwent kra, imi ṣṣenf n uttekki-a ɣer tejmaɛt ur t-id-yewwi ara nnif d yiseɣ, i t-id-yewwin d tafenṭazit ur nesɛi sser, mačči d tiɣri n umezruy i yebɣan medden ad kkin deg tudert, ur iqebblen astehzi d ukukru, i yettɣanzin tesmeḍ n wul.
Kerheɣ daɣen wid iwumi semmeḍ wul axaṭer asxinfef-nsen d usmuɣben-nsen ssufuɣen-d ul-iw. Ad ssutreɣ yal yiwen deg-sen ad yi-d-yini amek i yeččur amkan i s-d-tefka, i s-d-tettakk yal ass tudert, d acu n lwaǧeb i yexdem d acu ur yexdim dɣa deg-s. Dɣa ttḥulfuɣ belli zemreɣ ad sseɣreɣ ul-iw, ur yessefk ad ssenṭiɛeɣ deg rreḥma-w, ur ilaq ad ssengiɣ imeṭṭawen-iw.
Nekk d ameɣnas, ttidireɣ, ttḥulfuɣ s wallaɣ n wid yellan ɣer idis-iw, yeččur d tissas, yebda yettxemmim yakan ɣef tmeddurt n uzekka, dɣa atena bdan lebni yakan deg-s. Deg-s, tudert n yal ass ur tbedd ara ɣef kra kan, deg-s kra i d-yeḍran mačči d zzher neɣ d lmektub i d ssebba-s, meɛna d tigzi d leḥdaqa n yimezdaɣ-is. Dɣa deg-s, ulac amkan i wid ara d-yesṭuṭucen seg ṭṭaq deg lweqt ideg wiyiḍ cemmren i yiɣallen-nsen, tteɣlayen d iseflan; ma d win ibedden ɣef ṭṭaq ad t-tafeḍ yettraǧu yessaram ad yestenfeɛ ahat d xerṣum seg cwiṭ n wayen yelhan i d-ḥellan drus n medden, ad t-tafeḍ yekkat lweqt-is deg rregmat deg wid iɛetben, deg win yeɣlin d asfel axaṭer netta ur yessaweḍ ara ad d-yesssassi lebɣi-s.
Nekk ttidireɣ, d ameɣnas. Ɣef aya i kerheɣ wir ur izeddin ara, ur yettekkayen ara. Kerheɣ wid iwumi yemmut wul. »
11 seg furar 1917
Assuqel: Berkus Tiwal


text:
Ahmed Boukhari – D agensas n weɣref n Uneẓruf Utrim
Aseqqamu n Tukksa n Ussehres – Tadwilt Tanumant
17 Yunyu 2016
Mass Aselway,
Riɣ ad k-snemmreɣ, ama d kečč, ama imaslaḍen n Useqqamu Uzzig n Tukksa n Ussehres, ɣef tegnit ay iyi-d-yettunefken akken ad iliɣ, s yisem n weɣref n Uneẓruf Utrim, deg tedwilt-a tanumant n Useqqamu.
Nusa-d seg Usarag ay nga deg Managua, tamurt n Sandino, anda, deg ṛṛuḥ n tegmat n unabaḍ n Nicaragua, nga iskasiyen (débats) s wazal-nsen d wembaddel n tekta seg wul yeṣfan ɣef temsalt n tukksa n ussehres (décolonisation) n Uneẓruf Utrim. Tamsalt n Uneẓruf Utrim tesɛa kra n ṣṣifat ay tt-yessemgerraden ɣef temsal niḍen yellan deg wahil n Useqqamu-a. D netta ay d akal afriqi awḥid yellan deg wahil n Useqqamu uzzig n tukksa n ussehres. Tuɣdaḍt n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, MINURSO, ay d-yesnulfa Useqqamu n Tɣellist (sécurité) akken ad d-tessuddes tasefrant n ugguccelman, attan, ass-a, deg wakal n Uneẓruf Utrim, yernu la tettṛaju ad teg ccɣel ayyes tettwaweṣṣa deg wakud aydeg Meṛṛuk tergel abrid i ccɣel-a. Aḥric seg yixeddamen-nnes atni, seg 1991, ddaw uḥuddu n yiɣallen iṣeḥrawiyen deg yikalen yettwaslellin.
Tamsalt-a tesɛa azal d ameqran yernu yettḍafar-itt Umaru Amatu n Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, tagensast (représenant) tuzzigt, Massa Kim Boldouc, d umazun udmawan, anmahal (ambassadeur) Christopher Ross i Uneẓruf Utrim. Seg yidis niḍen, terra Tdukli Tafriqit aselway aqbur n Muzambik, Mass Chissano d amazun uzzig i Uneẓruf Utrim, yernu tṣaḥ-it-id tegnit, deg Yebrir yezrin, ay d-yini i yimaslaḍen n Useqqamu n Tɣellist dakken Tafriqt tḥar ad tessuffeɣ assehres seg Uneẓruf Utrim.
Wa d ugur n ussehres (colonisation) ay werɛad yefrin, yegla-d s wemgaru (guerre) aydeg uzzlen idammen 16 n yiseggasen, yernu asseɣzef-nnes, a Mass Aselway, ur d-yelli d tajrimt kan mgal weɣref aṣeṛhawi, wanag d tuggza yezgan i talwit d tɣellist n temnaḍt.
Ɣef lǧal n ṣṣifat-a tiwḥidit, yessefk ad yefk Useqqamu Uzzig akud d wussisen akken ad yekkes assehres seg wakal-a afriqi s webrid ummid. Nnig waya, ur yezmir ad ye gaya ala ma iquder aqader umqit tineɣtusin n Wegraw Amatu n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, d tineɣtusin ay d-inejṛen abrid i Useqqamu-a. Ɣef waya ara ɛawdeɣ ad d-greɣ tiɣri i ussuddes n tedwilt tuzzigt ɣef temsalt-a d wazzun n tuɣdaḍt ara yerzun ɣef wakal-a akken ad d-tesmer isefka ay d-telqeḍ Tuɣdaḍt n 1975. Tuɣdaḍt-a ay yessefken ad tqader tiddit n uferru n temsal “tajṛut s tejṛut”, yessefk ad tettwazen war leɛḍil. Ulayɣer ma smektiɣ-d, da, dakken Aseqqamu Uzzig, deg lehhu ay d-yelha s wugur n yikalen ur yesɛin tafulmant, la ixeddem d yigensasen uzrifen n yikalen-a ayyes testeɛṛef Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen d tnezmarin tinedbalin, yernu yella-d waya ddaw umagrad wis 73 n Werkawal n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen. Eǧǧ-iyi, a Mass Aselway, ad d-iniɣ anwa yellan d acu-t s uqader n tneɣtust 3437 (1979) n Useqqamu Amatu n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen. Seg yidis, yernu ddaw tneɣtust-a, ɣef leḥsab n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen d Useqqamu Uzzig, Tirni n Polisario d nettat ay d tagensast tuzrift ay yesseddan, seg 1973, imenɣi n weslelli aɣelnaw mgal ussehres aspenyuli, sakkin, seg 1975 d asawen, mgal yinexlafen n Spenyul, timura n Meṛṛuk d Muriṭanya. Ass-a, wwḍen swaswa 43 n yiseggasen aya seg wasmi ay meḥqen yiɣallen ispenyuliyen timeskanin timelwiyin ay d-yellan deg Zemla, d taɣiwant deg tmaneɣt yettwaḍḍfen n Leɛyun. Deg yimenɣi-a umi yefka lqanun agraɣlan tazerfa, d igiman (milliers) n yimeɣrusen ay yefkan tudrin-nsen d asfel ɣef uzarug aɣelnaw. Aneggaru deg-sen d aselway Mohamed Abdelaziz. Seg yidis niḍen, deg tmuɣli n Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, Meṛṛuk ur telli d tanezmart tanedbalt s wudem n lqanun akken ad d-teqqen iman-nnes tuqqna iṣelḥen d Useqqamu-a deg wayen yerzan Aneẓruf Utrim. Meṛṛuk d tanezmart tahersant ay yellan tebɣa yernu mazal-itt tebɣa ad tesseqdec tarrayin tizernanin ixulfen leɛwayed tidiplumatiyin yernu ad d-tḥettem ccuruḍ-nnes ɣef Useqqamu ay d-yelhan s tukksa n ussehres. Tuffɣa-a n webrid tban-d deg Nicaragua yernu tban-d daɣ ass n ttlata yezrin. Ma yella ttgen aya deg tesɣimt n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, ihi ɣas xaylet-d d acu ara gen deg wakal yettwaḍḍfen n tmurt-nneɣ, anda ay ttwaḍḍfen yimezdaɣen d imeḥbas deg tmurt-nsen. Akken ay d-tenna tneɣtust 3437 (1979) n Wegraw Amatu, Meṛṛuk d tamurt ay yeḍḍfen akal-a war lqanun yernu ur yelli d ayla-nnes, d akal wuɣur tuzen igiman d yigiman n yemharsen (colons), yernu azzun-a yessaweḍ ɣer tegnit aydeg imezdaɣen iṣeḥrawiyen uɣalen, ass-a, d tidersi deg wakal yettwaḍḍfen. Leqwanin igraɣlanen d yemtawayen (conventions) n Geneve iban wayen ay d-ttinin deg wayen yerzan tuffɣa ay yeffɣen ccɣel-a i lqanun. Ihi ɣef waya, ẓran yimaslaḍen n Useqqamu dakken igmaḍ n s kra n ccɣel asertan, adeblan neɣ afranan ara teg Meṛṛuk deg Uneẓruf Utrim ur yesɛi kra n lqima deg lqanun, ur yesɛi kra n tzerfa, yernu ur yezmir ad yettwasseqdec waya i ubeddel n tiddit n Useqqamu Uzzig deg wayen yerzan lwajeb-nnes ddaw Werkawal n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen. Yettwasnulfa-d Useqqamu-a i tukksa n ussehres, maci i ussezref-nnes. Msefhamen yimaslaḍen-nnes akken ad qelɛen assehres seg Uneẓruf Utrim ddaw tneɣtust 1514 (XIX) d tneɣtust 3437 (1979) d wakk tid ay d-iḍefren, d ddaw n leḥkem n Ccṛeɛ Agraɣlan n Teɣdemt d leḥkem n uneṣṣaḥ usḍif n Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, Hans Corel, n Yennayer n 2002. Assuffeɣ seg webrid-a anamek-nnes d anadi n uttekki deg ussehres-a awelɛaṛ aydeg yettwaqher weɣref amelwi ay d-yettwaẓẓɛen seg wakal-nnes. Meṛṛuk ur telli d amedya ara yettwaḍefren. Ula ma tnuda-d ɣef win wukud ara teddukkel deg werkaḍ n lqanun agraɣlan d yizerfan n tlelli n kra n weɣref yettwaḍelmen deg wakal-nnes, aya ur yettbeddil abrid ay yenjeṛ umezruy, yeznu amezruy ur iṛeḥḥem. Meṛṛuk d tasehrast yernu kenwi teẓram aya, anrar yessken-d aya yernu, war ma nedda mebɛid, a Mass Aselway, aya iban-d deg tedyanin ay d-yellan seg wasmi ay d-tella tedwilt tanumant taneggarut n Useqqamu deg Yunyu n 2015.
Tummɣa tusridt ay temmeɣ Meṛṛuk deg Umaru Amatu n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen ɣef ljal n terzi-nnes, deg Meɣres yezrin, ɣef Uneẓruf Utrim d temnaḍt, d weɣtas (décision) n tuẓẓɛa, ass n 16 Meɣres, n yixeddamen isertanen d yiɣarimen n MINURSO, d lecɣal ay d-yesskanayen dakken tanezmart yeḍḍfen akal aṣeḥrawi tefren abrid n wemqazem d wemɣiwan agraɣlan, abrid n tmenɣiwt n ukala n talwit d udemmer n temnaḍt ɣer wayen ara d-yawin ugar n ccwal. Taneɣtust 2285 (2016) ay yeddem Useqqamu deg Yebrir yezrin twekked-d ɣef “tuɛjilt aydeg MINURSO yessefk ad d-terr ixeddamen-nnes akken ad teḍmen assmad n lewṣaya-nnes, yernu lewṣaya-a terza assuddes n tsefrant n ugguccelman. Tessuter tneɣtust-a seg Umaru Amatu d umazun-nnes udmawan ad d-swejden tuzzya tis 5 n lemcawṛat talɣanin gar Terni n Polisario d Meṛṛuk, d lemcawât ay teḥbes Meṛṛuk deg 2009. Ar imir-a, a Mass Aselway, ur uɣalen yixeddamen n MINURSO ɣer Uneẓruf Utrim, ur d-uɣalent lemcawṛat.
Deg tegnit aydeg ur yelli ccek ad tkemmel Meṛṛuk tiddit-a aydeg ara teɛreḍ ad d-terbeḥ akud, yessefk ad yeg Useqqamu n Tɣellist kra yernu ur yettṛaju arma d 30 Yulyu akken ad t-ixebber Umaru Amatu. Tirni n Polisario tettɛawad tettwekkid-d tiɣri i Useqqamu n Tɣellist akken ad d-yelhu s tmasit-nnes (responsabilité) yernu ad iḥezzeb akken ur d-yettili yimenɣi ara d-yawin ccwal ama i weɣref aṣeḥrawi, ama i weɣref ameṛṛuki. Kečč, a Mass Aselway, ama da, ama anda niḍen, yernu ddaw yimenzayen ur yettbeddilen n tegduda tabolivarit n Venezuela d lqanun agraɣlan, ɣer yidis n tmura niḍen n Useqqamu am Uruguay, Angula, Ziland Tamaynut d Rusya, gar tiyaḍ, ur tcuḥḥed i wussisen akken ad txedmed ɣef talwit, akken ur tettili talwit –ayɣef ixeddem Useqqamu akken ad tt-yeḍmen- d awal kan ilem deg waḍu. S waya, tanemmirt-nneɣ d tin n wakk timura ay iḥemmel talwit – yernu ggrent, akken ay d-neẓra ass n ttlata yezrin – d tanemmirt ur yesɛin tilisa. D acu kan, mazal yella umihi n lexṣara, yernu simal la d-tettqerrib tegnit tuḥṛist aydeg yezmer ad d-yili waya.
Ɣef leḥsab n Terni n Polisario, MINURSO d yixeddamen-nnes d azamul n wemsefham n Wemɣiwan Agraɣlan i uferru amelwi n wugur aneggaru n tukksa n ussehres deg Tefriqt, maca ur yessefk ad yili wuɣal n yixeddamen-a d netta ay d iswi. Iswi netta d asduqqes n lemcawṛat tusridin gar sin n yidisan ay terza taluft i weḍman n tifrat tamelwit d ussefɛel n umenzay n ugguccelman ara yeǧǧen aɣref aṣeḥrawi ad yefren imal-nnes s tlelli deg yisenduqen n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen, s tsefrant tuɣdimt, d tilellit. Ur telli tifrat niḍen menɣir ta i wugur n tukksa n ussehres.
Azref n weɣref-nneɣ i ugguccelman mazal tergel-as Meṛṛuk abrid s yiɣil. Taneɣtust 2625 n Wegraw AMatu tettwali dakken argal-a n webrid d “tajrimt tagraɣlant”. Ula ma yella-d waya, yernu ula ma yettwaḥettem-d wemgaru aruɣdim ɣef weɣref-nneɣ, werǧin tergim Terni n Polisario imal. S webrid n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen d Tdukli Tafriqit, nefka-as i Meṛṛuk tilemmiẓin s wazal-nsent i lmend n tifrat s webrid n tugdut d talwit akken ad d-neffeɣ seg webrid urgil n taluft-a s yiseɣ, yernu numen dakken ma yella-d waya, lejruḥ n taluft-a ɣezzifen yessazzlen idammen ad jjyen yernu ad d-tili tmuɣli n talwit tucrikt deg nnfeɛ n yiɣerfan n temnaḍt-a s lekmal-nnes. Mazal-aɣ neqqen ɣer tmuɣli-a maca assuffeɣ-nnes ɣer tidet yeqqen, ladɣa, ɣer wussisen n Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen akken ad tergel abrid i ccwal.
Gar waya d wayen niḍen, s ussirem dakken Aseqqamu-a Uzzig ad yettekki s ṣṣifa ijehden deg wussisen-a, tjebbed-d Terni n Polisario lwelha n yimaslaḍen n Useqqamu-a ɣef temsal niḍen yesɛan azal d ameqran, yernu ti d tukerḍa n teɣbula tigamanin n wakal ur yesɛin tafulmant d werkaḍ n yizerfan n wemdan n weɣref, ladɣa azref n ugguccelman. Aya akk ad t-nernu ɣer tuggza yellan ɣef talwit tamnaḍant ay izemren ad d-tekk seg taluft-a. Dɣa ɣef waya ay yessefk ad tettunefk ugar n tuzwirt i ukala n tukksa n ussehres seg Uneẓruf Utrim yellan d tahrest tafriqit taneggarut deg wahil-nwen. Qrib akk timura ay yettekkan deg Useqqamu lulent-d seg umenzay n ugguccelman. Ihi yella win ay yebɣan ad yettu aya ass-a neɣ yella win ay la t-yettdemmiren akken ad t-yettu?
Tanemmirt