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Amdan n menwala yettwali azal n 4,000 n udellel deg wass. Ma tɣileḍ ddeqs, amsewḥel n udellel ad yuɣal d ameddakel-ik amaynut.
Amsewḥel n udellel d aseɣzan i izemren ad yettwaseqdec i usewḥel n udellel, daɣen iteddu s nat n tarrayin. Tamezwarut d asewḥel n telɣut n uqeddac aberraḥ akken adellel ur itezzi ara ad iban ɣef usebter-ik. Tis snat d asewḥel n tnegzumin n usmel web i izemren ad ilint d adellel.
Adellel-a izmer ad yili d tividyutin iẓeddmen, d adellel izemren ad k-yedfeṛ deg Web, d ineḍfaṛen, d inagan n tuqqna, atg. Akken ad tesqedceḍ imsewḥalen n udellel, tzemreḍ ad tnadiḍ izegrar yellan deg yiminig-nneɣ. Firefox, d amedya kan, yesɛa tabdart-a n yizegrar n usewḥel yettwaqeblen. Sit ɣef tebdart-a (neɣ ɣef imsewḥalen n udellel yettwaqeblen i yiminig-ik) daɣen wali anwa i icudden ɣer wayen teḥwaǧeḍ.
Yella AdBlocker Ultimate ara ak-yekksen akk adellel, Maca ẓeṛ d akken kra n yiɣmisen akked tesɣunin tḥemmleḍ senden ɣef udellel. Ddeqs n yimdanen i yessewḥalen adellel-nsen, izmer ad d-yeglu s lexṣara-nsen.
Isfuyla nudelllel udhimen weɛren. Sewḥel-iten s Popup Blocker akken ur ǧin ad teǧǧeḍ ad ak-d-banen tikkelt-nniḍen.
AdBlock d yiwen seg imsewḥal n udellel i yettwassnen deg Chrome, Safari akked Firefox. Seqdec-it akken ad tesweḥleḍ adellel deg Facebook, YouTube akked Hulu.
Deg Firefox, tzemreḍ ad tṣeggmeḍ iɣewwaren n Tbaḍniḍ neɣ Asewḥel n ugbur akked ad tesɛuḍ afus ɣef yineḍfaren i yettaznen adellel.
Akken ad tebduḍ, sit ɣef umuɣ Firefox ukessawen s ayeffus n usfaylu n yinimig. D kraḍ n yizirigen iglawanen wa ɣef wa. Deg umuɣ adruram, sit ɣef Asewḥel n ugbur. Ilaq ad twaliḍ asfaylu udhim amidadi s ddeqs n yisumar n ufran.
Ma yella iberriḥen ur tt-ṭuṛṛun ara daɣen ma yella ineḍfaṛen akked inagan n tuqqna ur sluɣuyen ara lxaṭer, aɣewwaṛ amezwer yessek ad k-iqadd. Akken ad tekkseḍ ineḍfaṛen deg uskar amezwer, seqdec asfaylu Tunigin tusligt.
Ma yella ddeqs n udellel yessexseṛ ass-ik, aska uǧhid ilaq-ak. Askar-a ad isewḥel ineḍfaṛen yettwassnen akked inagan n tuqqna deg yisfuyla meṛṛa n Firefox.
Iɣewwaren udmawanen ad ak-mudden afran unnig. Ad tiemireḍ ad tt-tgezmeḍ di ṛṛay ɣef wayen ara tesweḥleḍ deg yineḍfaṛen, inagan n tuqqna d wayen-nniḍen. Ma tserḥeḍ inagan n tuqqna n usmel web, ad tuɣaleḍ s wudem awurman ɣer uskar udmawan.
Tekki ɣef tnaka n yineḍfaṛen akked ad tizmireḍ ad tesweḥleḍ ineḍfaṛen s snat n tarrayin. Yiwen n ubrid i usewḥel n yineḍfaren ad yettwag ticki txeddmeḍ deg usfaylu uslig. Abrid-nniḍen d asewḥel n yineḍfaṛen deg yisfuyla meṛṛa. Err deg uqerru-k d akken ma tferneḍ dima asewḥel n yineḍfaṛen, kra n yisebtar zemren ur d-ttalin ara akken iwata.
Inagan n tuqqna ttaznen-ten yismal web aniɣer i trezzuḍ. Ttidiren deg uselkim-ik daɣen ttɛassan ayen i txeddmeḍ deg yismal. Ticki takebbanit tessuli ssuma-is acku telliḍ tettwaliḍ ibiyiten n temesrifegt ass-nni, d wagi i d axeddim n yinagan n tuqqna.
Deg Firefox, tzemreḍ ad tesweḥleḍ meṛṛa inagan n tuqqna neɣ wid i xedmen yimakaren. Ḥader iman-ik seg usewḥel n yinagan n tuqqna i izemren ad ṛzen kra n yismal.
Ma yella ur tebɣiḍ ara yir tikli srid i yettwaseqdacen i udellel, tzemreḍ ad tazneḍ i yismal tabrat tuḥdiqt “tanemmirt maca ulac tanemmirt” s usefqed n uɣewwar n Firefox Ur yi-ṭṭafaṛ ara. Attekki s lebɣi-ik, maca ismal web ara ttekkin ad ḥebsen aḍfaṛ-ik imiren kan.
Tikwal, amseḥel n udellel yezmer ad imudd tallelt i yiminig-ik akken ad yeddu s zreb. Ticki yettali-d udellel, yezmer ad yerr asmel ẓẓay. Ihi, ad yawi ugar n wagud akken ad d-yaf ayen i tettnadiḍ ladɣa ma tceɣleḍ deg umdal n udellel-nniden.
Ma tebɣiḍ ad tissineḍ ugar ɣef yisewḥal n udellel, llan imeyyaten n yisiɣzaf i Firefox akked yiminigen-nniden. Ma tebɣid ad tɛerḍeḍ imsewḥal i yesseqdac Firefox, Sit dagi i usader n yiminig i zeggiren tabadnit.


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Yemmeksi-dd zeg udlis: « Le sexe et l’effroi« , Pascal Quignard
Iturjem-it; Ɛebdelwaḥed ḤENNU
« Apulyus, netta ttuɣa-t d ijj n wafrikan ilul di temdint n Madura tanumidit, yiwi ij n tajjalt ɣer-s agla mseqqem, qqaren-as « Budintya », ɣer-s tnayen n tarwa-nnes zeg wergaz amezwaru.
Aseggas n 158, yekker « Sisinyus Imilyanus », uma-s n Budintya, wami i dd-yerra lexber belli lḥakem « Claudius Maximus » aqqa-t di Afrika, yedɛa Apulyus belli yegga ibexruras bac ad yawi lwert i yellan x yisem n mmi-s n uma-s « Sisinyus Budins ».
Yusa-dd ubuɣaw « Tanunyus » izemmem timenna-nni, bac ad yaweḍ ad yessken belli afiluzuf-a aflaṭuni netta yallah d ij n useḥḥar waha, yegga ibexruras d ssḥur i rrimet d yiman n Budintya.
Aṭṭas n isemɣan cehden belli ẓrin Apulyus iɛebbed ca n leṣnam wer ḍbiɛen, yesnuffara-ten adu yij n tkettant, belli tteɛjibent-as tisitin, belli yessuḍus iḥermucen imeẓẓyanen, yessesxif-iten.
Yegga Apulyus abuɣaw-nnes ula d netta, iqeddem-it i lḥakem n Sparṭa. Yejbed-dd ij n tebrat n temɣart-nnes bac a t-tɛawen ɣer min yeqqar, yiweḍ a dasen-yessken belli iḥermucen ttuɣa ittegg-asen ij n weklasi n ddwa n teɣmas, urid ttuɣa yessuḍus-iten.
Lexdenni, lḥakem « Claudius Maximus » yewca lḥeqq i ufiluzuf Apulyus. Maca manaya i yemsaren, ibeddel tudert n Apulyus, yejja later-nnes ula di min yura.
Apulyus d Budintya, yemmerni ɣer-sen ij uḥenjir semman-as « faustinus » awarn i umi ruḥen zedɣen di Qerṭaja. « ….

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Aqqa-yi da deg yijjen teɣmert deg wa i umi qqaren amaḍal, isem-inu Ɛebdelwaḥed, wah Ɛebdlwaḥed, deg-s « Ɛebd » deg-s « waḥed ». « ɛebd » texs ad tini « ismeɣ », « waḥed » texs ad tini « ijjen ». Isem-inu ittawi-dd s tmaziɣt: « Ismeɣ n yijjen ». D wa d isem i dayi-ixḍaren, minzi din ijjen uxarres belli merra wenni ɣa yeggen i ca n mmi-s isem ibedda s « ɛebd », a das-mmernint lḥasanat. Necc zeg yewdan-a i umi wcin isem deg-s « ɛebd » maḥend ad adfen jjennet x weɛrur-inu.
Kkreɣ-dd deg yijjen ddcar deg-s iẓeɣran d iɣebrawen d ddmani d ituma d tɣaɣrin d zzwayel d iqubac n waman mmersen x tmewwa n yebriden maḥend ad swen yemsebriden… ula d iqubac tteggen-ten x webrid maḥend ad awyen « lḥasanat »…
Irareɣ iksan iḍerɣalen, ggiɣ carreḥ melleḥ, ukreɣ lbakur d lmecmac zi leɛrasi, yewta-yi lefqih umi i das-dd-rewleɣ zi tmezyida, ggiɣ ddbazi, ggiɣ timesbedda, qellbeɣ taryazt-inu deg iɣerwaḍ, nedyeɣ i yejḍaḍ, ɛummeɣ di tnedwin d sswarej… manaya ggiɣ-t deg yijj n llṭa ttuɣa ttɣileɣ amaḍal d wenni mani lliɣ.
Alami d ijj n wass, amen i ttuɣa nettcerra lqurɛan di arrwa n tmezgida, am yizan, kul ijjen mani ittzebzib weḥḥd-s, uca a dd-yadef ijjen butenyart tettsiqsiq, yus-dd akid-s lemqeddem. umi i dd-udfen isur yesseɣd uzebzeb-nneɣ di twala d ijjt! yebda bu tsenṭuḥt-nni yessawal akid-neɣ s ca n wawal, s tuddarɣelt i ma neqceɛ walu di min yenna. Xenni ɛad i dd-yenḍu lemqeddem, yenna-neɣ: Ad traḥem ad teɣrem di « sekwila », ad tarim s « stilawat » ca d azeggʷaɣ ca d azegza, ad tenḍrem ssmex…
Nudef ɣer « sekwila « -nni, nenḍer aɣimi x ujertil n tyiẓḍent i daneɣ-yeccin tideynitin, iɛejb-aneɣ uɣimi x lekrasa, uca yebda uqeccar-nni ittseqsa-aneɣ:
– Ma hada? (yesskan aneɣ ɣer tewwurt)
Netterra x-as neccin:
– D tawwurt.
Ad ihezz asenṭuḥ, uca a daneɣ-yini:
– hada babun, ɛawduha.
A das nini neccin:
– Hada babun.
A daneɣ yini:
– ɛawduha.
A das-nɛawed:
– Hada babun..
Amenni i neqqim nettɛawad: babun, baqaratun, kalbun, rukbatun…
xmi i ttuɣa dd-nettrewwaḥ ɣer taddart, nettseqsa yemma-tneɣ: mamek das-qqaren a yemma i ta? teqqar aneɣ: ta d tawwurt. nḍeḥḥek, uca neqqar-as: a lla a yemma, hada babun, uca lexdenni a daneɣ-tini: iwa sseɛd-nwem a tarwa-inu teɣrim, tessnem mamek i das-qqaren, aqqa necc ta ssneɣ qqaren-as tawwurt waha, mani ufiɣ min dayi-teqqarem ammu?!
Zeggami nḍareɣ ajertil, qqimeɣ x lkursi n teflewt, d nitni ttebbaren-ayi ijjen yiles s uɣil deg uqemmum, qqaren-ayi d wa d iles i cekk ɣa inefɛen, wenni i ɣer-k mɣar nḍar-it x-ak ssenni!
Yeɛdu min yeɛdun, kkseɣ axarres n ddcar-inu i ttuɣa ttwaliɣ d amaḍal-inu, uca xergeɣ ijjen uxarres nneɣni yiẓeḍ s imunas n Lquds d Falasṭin… Cwayt s cwayt, xarrseɣ aked yexf-inu, ufiɣ necc ssa nitni qqaren ayi cekk zeg yinin diha…
haaaaa! sixenta necc d necc, inin d inin!…
Zi ssenni, yebda wemɛutrus-inu maḥend ad dewleɣ d necc, ad ɛefseɣ x min dayi-sseɣren netnin!…
Ɣer ɛawed: Tamaziɣt d useqsi n tira


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Mass Lmencuri, cekk zeg yizlawiyen imeqqranen i yejjin later deg usefru Amaziɣ n Arrif. Nxes d amezwaru, ad nessen min iɛna Ebdellah Lmencuri? d mamec teggid ar mani tebdid ad tarid s Tmaziɣt? ma manayenni ɣer deffer-nnes ca n tḥajit?.
Ɛebdellah Lmancuri d mmis n Lḥusima zi Tmasint, d azrawi d amara, ssuffɣeɣ tnayen imuden, tnayen n wungalen, d ict n Tgemmunt n tullisin, niɣ tinfas tiquḍaḍin. Taqessist ig uriɣ d tamezwarut uriɣ-tt ira ɛad aqa-yi d anelmad deg usinan, qqaren-as «Tadbirt tacemratc».
Tḥajit-ines ira rewleɣ zi taddart kkiɣ ujar zeg usegg°as ur ẓṛiɣ udem n ten dayi dd-ijjin, uxa ira zzuyteɣ-tt aṭṭas, uxa wwiɣ-dd x-s tasefrut-a:
«A tadbirt tacemratc..
Nec d agarrud-inem..
Maɣar dayi tendared..
A nec d ddem-inem..
Waxxa tsemḥed dag-i..
Ur day-i itweddir wudem-inem ..»
Ma tzemmared a mass Ɛbdellah ad aneɣ-tessiwred cwayt x idlisen i d-tessufɣed, d man imxumbal i tufid deg usufeɣ n idlisen-nnec?.
Saḥḥit x useqsi-a, minzi tarrayt-ines ad temmer i waṭṭas n izrawiyen d imaran i d-igguren. Min ɛnan imxumbar d tɛenkrafin ikessin marra yen itarin. D tamezwarut: ḥuma ad tessufɣed ɣir ijjen udlis bra ma ad kid-k iswiza ḥedd, niɣ ad ak-d-issiɣ fus, rid isher rḥar. I min ɣa iniɣ nec i d issuffɣen xamsa idlisen bra ma kid-i teswiza ura d ict n tmesmunt, niɣ d ci n taddart, niɣ d inegrawen n yeddaḥen xeddmen Tmaziɣt?
Min xaf-i ikkin d tamara ḥuma ad ssufɣeɣ idlisen-a, ur ikki x wuccen di barra (iḍeḥḥek). Mara ci n yejjen inna rid ammen, ad iṛaḥ ad iqedjeb.Tamara n manaya x umezgaru d tira. Mamek i das ɣa tegged ad tarid? Aṭṭas ig ittɣiren aqa wen d ɣa yekken uxa ad yari, lla, rid ammen. Tira qesḥen-tt s waṭṭas. Azrawi niɣ d umungal niɣ amezgunan/adramaṭugi, d marra yen ittarin. Kessin aṭṭas d tamara ḥuma ad saqaren s tira min ten-itcukan gi radjaɣ, d muk das ɣa ggen ad ssuffɣen tiwlafin ittwaran dag-sen ɣar dixer.
Cḥar ɣa kken netnin tayzen deg wawar?, zewwin, farrnen, kkes ta arr ta, uzi ɣa garwen marra manaya, wi t ɣa yefsaren? mukas? Mani? D mecḥaṛ?
Manaya marra ggiɣ-t, kkiɣ dag-s ɛdiɣ. Wen ur issinen dwaxer-a, ɛad ur issin walu. Minzi xmi ɣa tegged tizemmar ad tarid, ad tgarwed min turid, ad tt-tawid ad d-tefsared, bab n taddart n mani ɣa tefsared, itterra cek d afɣur, ittegg dag-k min ixes, minzi cek ur tessined mamk d-itari manayenni. Ur tessined mamk itiri uɣemmus, ura djessaq n itteṭṭfen tifriwin, d man aklu/aklaṣi n tefriwin?, d cḥar minzi ɣa temqam i ict? Uxa araḥ x-s ammen.
Aseqsi aneggaru, xmi i t id ɣa tessufɣed, xemm mani i t ɣa tegged? Azgen ameqqran ad ak iṛaḥ later, xelli d ci di tmesmunin rezzun-tt s baṭer, mara tennid ttmenyat, ad x-k ssiwren s min ur idjin.
Nec qqimeɣ bra derḥem gi jjib. Ass wami raḥeɣ ad ttxarseɣ deg ict n tmesmunt ira wciɣ-as ci n idlisen tnayen isegg°sa zeg wami, nnan-as wenni d aɛeffan.
Wa yina xeddmen Tmaziɣt? Tmaziɣt nxeddem-itt necnin yen itarin. Rid d yen ittnuffuren gi tmesmunin garwen ttmenyat x weɛrur-nneɣ, awar-a, waxxa yarẓag drus, maca ixeṣṣa ad t-nini wami nufa ma ɣa nesḍuqqez ur-nneɣ. Semmus idlisen i d-ssuffɣeɣ ɛad ur kid-i teswiza ci n tmesmunt. Mara min qqareɣ d ixarriqen, ad ikkar ci n yejjen ad tt-yini, sumngar nec ɛad tarceɣ tidi-inu i yect n tmesmunt.
Ijjen umedduker Azrawi/Amara Ɛumaṛ Lmeddam, netta weḥd-s i ttafeɣ zdat-i, xmi tbeddiɣ x ci wemxumber. Snimmareɣ-t aṭṭas, aṭṭas, x ubrid n tesɣunt-a, taniti.
Hi asinag n Tmaziɣt, man-t amkan i ɣer-s netta di merra manaya?.
Asinag Amaziɣ ifessar rid ur ifessar, maca imxumbar n dinn jar-as-dd d yen ittarin mɣaren s waṭṭas.
D amezgaru adlis ixeṣṣa ad yiri yura s tfinaɣ n IRCAM d Latin, xmi ɣa ṭṭfen adlis ad t-ssifen mliḥ, mara ufin dag-s ci n tmesrayet temmezrag mani ci, ttagin ad t-fsaren. Mara qebren-t ad t-fsaren, ixeṣṣa bab n udlis ad iṛaja sin iseggusa niɣ trata, maɣar lla rebɛa. Wen yuran, ur itteṭṭef adlis-ines ḥta ataf iggur ad iṭṭuqez. S uyenni minzi aṭṭas di yen itarin tagg°ajen x usinag ttagin ad ɣer-s reḥmen.
Itɛin teẓrid luxa ila cwayt n izlawiyen ssufuɣen-d idlisen, min ɣa tinid x tira n iḥudriyen imaynuten?.
Mint iqqimen d iḥudriyyen i d-yurin d imaynuten ttarin s Tmaziɣt. D ijjen usɛan d ameqqran i Tmaziɣt s ixef-ines ḥuma ad tarnu ad tugur ɣar zdat. Maca iḥudriyyen-a, ixeṣṣa ad arzun gi tutlayt-nsen, ad ɣran tamezwarut marra niɣ azgen ameqqran zi min uran yen ten-izguren ɣar tira. Ad rzun x tutlayt Tarifiyt ig idjan teqqur ḥuma ataf ur ssidifen ci aṭṭas awaren n tutlayin n midden ikkin ɛdan (Iḥewwasen) x tmurt-nneɣ. Midden n ssa ikkin, inɣa aṭṭas zeg wagra n tutlayt-nneɣ. Maca mara negga tizemmar ra necnin ra iḥudriyen n d-itarin, atiɣ ad nerr min ma narri-dd, ura nejj-it ad iweddar, ad intam marra.
Ijjn n tmesrayet nneḍni, ɣar-neɣ ma ɣar-s nesswizzeḍ, nettwara aṭṭas zeg iḥudriyyen wen d ɣa asen ad yari, ittari asefru. Tira rid d asefṛu waha, tira rid d izran usafi. Tira dag-s aṭṭas d ikelwan, qqareɣ-asen iḥudriyyen-nneɣ ad ṛeẓmen tiṭṭawin ra x tullisin/tinfas tiquḍaḍin, ungal, amezgun, qqaɛ ujar, afran. Afran amux nettwara drus niɣ ur dinn ḥedd qqaɛ itaw-itt deg ufran. Iwa qa sebra afran, yen ittarin ur zemmaren ad uguren ɣar zzat. Rid zeɛma ur nettegg ul deg iḥudriyyen ad arin asefru, ad arin, maca rid marra idneɣ ad nedwer d izrawiyyen. Asefru netta d icuɛaḍ, wen mig djan icuɛaḍ ad t-yari, wen mig ur djin icuɛaḍ ad x-s yagg°ej.
Necnin ixeṣṣa ad neṭṭef deg iḥudriyyen-nneɣ, akid-sen nbedd x uɣezdis, ad neskuṭṭef zeg wul-nneɣ ad asen-t-nessiɣ. Minzi d netnin d tiwecca n Tmaziɣt/Tarifit.
Neqqar-asen i yḥudriyyen-a n yessiɣen ul i wagra n dasen-dd-jjin rejdud-nsen. Ad ggen ujar zi tzemmar, rid ad d-asen ad sbanen ixef-nnsen waha. Manaya, ixeṣṣa wen dag-s ɣa yeggen afus, ur idewwer ɣa deffar.
Nessitim i yḥudriyen-nneɣ ijjen webrid d azegrar ur itenḥeddi, deg igar n wagra- nsen, d netnin i t ɣa yejjen rebda d aceɛɛur niɣ d tafeggirt gi tqiccat n wedrar.
Taqessist Tamaziɣt ma tegga ca n ḥajet d tamaynut? niɣ ma tettwalid akidi ila tetterra ufuẓ i mayen yellan d aqdim waha?.
Mara nedwer ɣar maṛṛa min innefsaren d imuden d tiqessisin i dag-sen, ɛad ur nzemmar ad nini qa taqessist Tamaziɣt teffeɣ zeg waddud-ines aqdim. Tuli ad tiri deg waraq n usefru amaḍlan, minzi taqessist Tamaziɣt ɛad am muk i tettlul. Ur ɣar-s bu iẓuran d izegraren deg umezruy usefru ameḍlan, xseɣ ad iniɣ s tira rid min ittwannan s uqemmum. ɛad marra min ittwarin d asefru Arifi, iqqim ammen ijres, ɛad ur xes yudif bu wefran ḥuma ad yini min ɣa yini. Am useqsi-a, waniti, rid d azrawi i x-s ɣa yarren, manaya d timegga n wen ifarnen/amefran. Maca wami ur dinn bu wmefran n x-s ɣa yarren, rid d amxumber ad x-s arreɣ nnit. Ad iniɣ min ttwariɣ, maca rid ataf nniɣ marra min ittwaxeṣṣen ad ittwanna. Taqessist Tamaziɣt ɛad teggama ad tbedder udem, ad tesserqeḥ tifraz d timaynutin am muk das-tegga taqessist tameḍlant. Aṭṭas d izṛawiyen ɛad tggaman ad ffɣen zi rmizan-nni n «Rallaɣ buya». Dinni yen itteggen tizemmar ad ggen aṣurif ɣar zzat, ad ffɣen zi min idjan d azayku ad adfen ɣar min idjan d amaynu, maca wi ig issnen mani wwḍen wami ur dinn bu wefran ad igg rmizan, ḥuma ad ittwassen usefru -ya zi wa. Bra afran, amya i ɣa teqqim tqessist Tamaziɣt tnehhek, ɛemmares ad x-s neɣri mani tessuruf ura mani teggur. Afran ig idjan d kurci, ur dinn ci zeg wfran aɣir-in, manaya rid neqqar-it ɣir x usefru, maca neqqar-it x tsekla tamaziɣt/tarifit am muk tedja d tasekla.
Ur nzemmar ad nini aqa taqessist tamaziɣt am muk tlul ammen i teqqim, nezmar ad nini aqa dinn iṣuraf, maca wami ur dinn bu wefran, wi ig issnen iṣuraf-nni ma gguren nican niɣ ffariyḍen/farɣen.
Nessitim taqessist Tamaziɣt/Tarifit ad taf, ad teɣri deɣya x wareq-ines, ad tt-taweḍ ra d netta ad tiri jar n usefru ameḍlan, maca ur nettṛaji zi ḥedd ad tt- issiweḍ mara ur tt-nessiweḍ necnin ayt bab-ines.
Cek zeg izlawiyen i yexdmen s tnayen n yilsawen, Tmaziɣt d uturjem-nnes, mamec tettwalid ttejriba-ya ta?
Nec ttariɣ s Tmaziɣt, tirja-inu ad ggeɣ ujar zi tzemmar, ad swizaɣ atiɣ ad taweḍ Tmaziɣt mani nessitim marra idneɣ ad taweḍ, ad taf araq-ines, ad tiri amaknaw marra tadelsa n umaḍal.
Wami ɣa ssentiɣ ttariɣ s Tmaziɣt, manaya ira idja ɣar-i d ijjen beddu ur itenḥeddin. D ijjen usenfar, rid d reɛyart waha. Ad Ariɣ s Tmaziɣt, ad zzag-s ɣraɣ, maca bra ma ad ttuɣ tutlayin n ɣriɣ ssneɣ ad zzag-sent ariɣ, ad zzag-sent ɣraɣ. Imaran n umaḍal marra ammen i das-teggen. dinni yenn ijjin tutlayt-nsen ttarin s tutlayt n midden. S umedya rid qqaɛ, Milan Kundira d atciki, maca ittari ungal s Tefransist, kafka amenni, mmis n Barax ra d netta, aẓwar-ines d uday, maca ira ittari s Tlimanṭ, zzeg-s ig iwweḍ ad ittwassen deg umaḍal marra.
Amxumber rid gi tutlayin ig idja, ad zzag-sent neɣra niɣ ad zzag-sent nari. Amxumber aqa-t gi yenni irezzun ad nɣen min idjan n midden, ad jjen ɣir min idjan-nsen, ma tutlayin d agra n tefganit ammen tekmer. S manaya, nec ur ɣar-i bu wemxumber ag tutlayin am muk djant d tutlayin, nec ḥemri ufiɣ iri marra tutlayin n umaḍal ssneɣ-tent, ḥuma ad zzag-sent ssneɣ min ittemsaren ɣar ayt bab-nsent, ad xzareɣ min ɣar-neɣ necnin. Ḥemri ufiɣ iri uriɣ s tutlayt-inu Tamaziɣt, ssuɣleɣ min uriɣ ɣar tutlayin nneḍni, ḥuma ad tessuref Tmaziɣt, ad tezwa ad tt-ssnen yen ur tt-issinen, rid ad teqqim rebda tnuqur ɣir ag iḍaren- nnes.
Mara nettxezzar s ddeqq-a n uxezzar ɣar Tmaziɣt, ɛemmares ad taweḍ mani nurja ad taweḍ. Necnin nettegg Tmaziɣt ḥuma ad tt-issen umaḍal marra rid nettegg Tmaziɣt i Tmaziɣt.
Nec ggiɣ tizemmar ɣriɣ drus x usuɣel, ssneɣ ci n tiɣemriwin zzag-s, s umedya xmi tturjumeɣ, rezzuɣ ad ssiwḍeɣ anamek n weḍris, rid ad ggeɣ Asuɣel asekkilan, rezzuɣ ad ssiwḍeɣ tiwlafin n Tmaziɣt, rid ad ssiwḍeɣ isekkilen.
S manaya xmi ttariɣ s Tmazɣit uxa tteggeɣ-as asuɣel ɣar ci n tutlayt nneḍni ssneɣ min tteggeɣ rid am muk ttwaran niɣ am muk ttɣiren ci zeg iwdan-nni ittxezzaren mezzerguhi.
Ṭanja-nni ira yessen Muḥemmed Cukri, ma d tenni i cek-izedɣen niɣ Ṭanja d Ṭanja waha?.
Tanja, am muk inna netta s ixef-ines Muhemmed cukri d tamacahut, mara tusi-d ad tessened niɣ ad tremsed tamacahut, ur tettɣimi d nettat. Ṭanja, ammen nettat, merma tusid ad tt-tessned min teɛna, tafed ɛad iqqim-ak.
Mint iqqimen d Tanja n cukri, netta Tanja-ines aqa-tt deg idlisen n yura. Tanja- ines netta, azgen ameqqran ira ɛad tedja x ufus n Irumiyyen. Netta issiwer x Tanja wami ira ɛad dag-s ɣir ssuq zdaxel/soco tchico, d ssuq n barra/Grande soco. D Msallah, playar, d ci n rebni aqdim gi bulibaṛ. D Ruksi..
Ruxa Tanja temɣaṛ, Tanja-inu nec rid d Tanja n ubellirej n Tanja am muk isemma ixef-ines, netta iddar Tanja-ines, nec ddareɣ ṭanja-inu.
Netta iddar tudart-ines, inna awar-ines yugur. Nec ɛad ttedareɣ tudart-inu, ɛad qqareɣ awar-inu, uxa ad ugureɣ, am muk das-igga netta.
Ɛebdellah Lmencuri awerni xemsa n idlisen i d-issufeɣ, ɛad mezri n tira yeḥḍar di buḥber-nnec?
Mara tedwred ɣer useqsi wis sda ad dag-s tafed tarrayt x useqsi-a, nniɣ dag-s nec wami ɣa ssentiɣ ad ariɣ, ggiɣ beddu d min ur ittiḥeddin, d asenfar. Ruxa ɣar-i min iwejden ad ittwafsar. Ɣar-i sin imuden, ɣar-i tagemmunt n tullisin, ɣar-i ungal. Maca ssitimeɣ ad yaf manaya abrid ad iffeɣ, ssitimeɣ ad afeɣ ci n tewwurt, ad ayi-taṛzem deg wudem, ad ssuffɣeɣ timegiwin-a, ḥuma ad arreɣ cway nnefs, ad arnuɣ ad ggeɣ manaxir.
Tmaziɣt teḥdaj aṭṭaṣ n tira, necnin ɛad nettegg ɣir isentan, nessitim zi yen d ɣa asen awarn-aneɣ, ad x-s ssarɣen tfawt kṭar, ad ssirin tbandut-ines mseqqem.
Nxes ad aneɣ tewced ijjen wawal yefsus di lḥeqq tlata n yiwdan, Asma Aweṭṭaḥ, Ɛumar Lmeddam, Muḥemmed Cukri?.
Mamek igga wawal ifsusen n ɣa wceɣ gi tlata ya n yebdan ig izedɣan gi rallaɣ n wul..? Yina i mara kkiɣ djiret d uzil ssawareɣ x-sen ur tekkseɣ.
Asmaa Awettah zi tuɣensa ɣar tsekla d taẓuri, d marra min iqqnen ɣar Tmaziɣt. D tafganit txes marra iwdan umaḍal n itucen x trelli.
Ԑmar Lmaddam d amedduker n leɛmaṛ, nermed nec d netta tira n tmaziɣt asekkil, asekkil. Tbeddiɣ x-s ittbedda xaf-i. Ur ɣar-i bu umedduker gi Ṭanja am netta. D azrawi d amara, ittmetta ifenna x Tmaziɣt.
Mint iqqimen d Muḥemmed Cukri, ur ittif utarras min x-s ɣa yini, min irezzu utarras ad xss yini, inna-t nnit x ixrf-ines. Am muk inna wezrawi ameqqran qqaɛ gi Fransa bab n «Les fleurs du mal» Charles Baudelaire.» Mara tennid marra min dag-k, ḥedd nneḍni ur ittif min dag-k ɣa yini’.
Cukri remdeɣ zzag-s mamek ɣa arniɣ imunas ra gi tira, ra gi tudart. Afra x Iman-ines.
Awal-inek ameggaru i yenni i dak-iqqaren d imeɣrayen-nneɣ
X uneggaru ssiɣiɣ ijjen uqadi rid d ameqqran waha maca d aqemqam i waraq n Tadelsa d iwdan i d tt-issegguren, qqareɣ-asen ṣaḥḥitut x tzemmar-a timeqqranin i teggem deg igar n Tmaziɣt. Ijjen zi yina, d cek amedduker-nneɣ Andic cahid, d umeddukel-nneɣ Abdelwaḥid Hannu, d umeddukel Majid Aqelɛi mara aqa-t akid-kum ra d netta, d marra yen ikessin tamara deg uraq-a.


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Yura-t: Ridouan pakhrou
Yegga tɣuyyit-nnes tamezwarut wami yerẓem tittawin di temdint n Utrixt (Hulanda) ass n 2 zeg wayur n abril 1986. Netta d amirar n tcamma n uḍar « BRAHIM Afellay » i yejjin rimart temɣar deg iyyar n tcamma di Hulanda wara d Uruppa tekmer.
Afellay memmis n tasatc tis trata n Irifiyen yteddren deg Uruppa, baba-s zeg ixddamen iruḥen lxarij deg ineggura n 60 maḥend ad rzun xef yimar icena i tarwa- nsen. Brahim netta d ijjen zeg waṭṭas iḥudriyen yecḍaren, zi tarwa n imetlae yiwḍen ad arcmen tudart-nsen s waṭṭas n tmegga deg iyyaren n tunnunt (sport), tasertit (politique), tademsa (économie), taɣemsa (journalisme) d tẓuri (Art)…
Aebqquy (memmis n teqblit n ibeqquyen) zi temẓi-nnes taynit tekka-as ɣer iyar n tcamma, ttuɣa ɣer-s 4 n iseggasn wami tsjjel twacunt-nnes di takadimit n USV Elinkwijk i tcamma n uḍar, mani yrmed timezwura n tcamma, maca aseggas n 1996 ad yemmutti ɣer klup n PSV Eindhoven, i yedjan zi tseḍmiwin n tcamma timeqqranin di hulanda, taseḍma mani tarjan merra iḥudriyen akid-s iraren.
Aseggas n 2003, Brahim ad yeţţef amcan-nnes ag tseḍma n Eindhoven d ijjen umirar prufisyunel, afellay yettexs ad yirar rebda di anammas n unedrar (milieu terrain), yefsus ɣer-s min ɣa yini di teɣmart-a, aseggas awareni wnneɣni tasklut n ufellay tarenni tneenie.
War dini min yekka yedwer d awar ɣer marra tɣemsa n tunnunt di hulanda, d ijjen uḥudri ɣer-s min ɣa yini deg iyya- nnes, manaya ad tyejj a xaf-s rzun ḥuma ad icarec aked tṣeḍma tanamurt n hulanda deg useggas n 2007. Waxxa netta yenna ttuɣa yettraja a xaf-s rzun Imeɣrabiyen ad yirar aked tseḍma tnamurt n Lmeɣrib.
S tzemmar timeqqranin i yetteg xef unedrar azegza d iswiyen (buts) ittmarka yiwweḍ Afellay ɣer tqiccet deg iyyar n rirart n tcamma. Waxxa war ittirar ca ɣer zzat yiweḍ ad izemmem 38 n iɣulen, d mammec ɣer-s fus di min tewwi tseḍma n Eindhoven n tkupatin d tsemɣurin, zzay-sent takust n hulanda (ligue) deg iseggasn n 2004-05, 2005-06, 2006-07,2007-08. Mamec yewwi ag tseḍma s ixef-nnes takust n tgeldit tahulandit aseggas n 2004-05. Mammec yewwi tasemɣurt n Yuhan Kruyf di 2008.
Marra manaya yejji-it ad xaf-s terzu tseḍma n Fc Barceluna ḥuma ad t-tseɣ aseggas n 2010, barceluna ɣer yedja umezruy yulleɣ di tcamma n Uruppa. Umaḥend ad tegged amcan di kamp nu txessa cek ad tirid d itri yemɣar.
Waxxa war yeggi bu umcan-nnes deɣya ag yesmawn iyedjan d ipilaren n barceluna amecnaw Tcabi, Inyista, Missi.. maca mermi ma yudef-d ɣer arbie azegza yetteg min xaf-s. Zeg uɣezdis n tsemɣurin yiweḍ mmis n Arrif ad yawi attas d takusin di mmg imḥizwaren mindi icarec kipu n Fc barceluna, zzag-sent tkupat n liga 2011, super urupa 2011, super n spanya, d kuppa n array 2011-12, war nttetu tcampiyunzlig 2011 .
Yecca ict tecti deg ufud-nes, tejj-it ad as-iṛuḥ umcan nnes aked imeddukar n Missi, manaya ad yejj barceluna ad tarḍel i tseḍma talimant shalke 04 ɣer di 2012, senni ad ymmutti ɣer oulmpiakus ayunani di 2014. Aseggas xaf-s d-yusin ad ymmuti di twalat nneɣni ɣer primrlig zi tewwart n Stoks sity. Ayur n 07 zeg useggas n 2019 ad isinya aked tseḍma taymmat psv Eindhoven, mani ɣa yeg ṣurif-nnes ameggaru di tudart am yej umirar prufisyunal. Iḍennat yffeɣ-d ɣer ssaḥafa ḥuma ad yini belli safi yegga icfa yrirat n tkurt, ḥuma ad yar taynit ktar i tudart-nes d twacunt-nes tamayant awaren ma yeggur ad yeffeɣ aseggas wiss 34 di tudert-nes.
Min yedjan d asebḥan di Brahim afellay, d min t-yejjin ad yeqqim yeiz xef tarwa n temdint-nes Lhusima, d tarwa n Arrif d imaziɣen marra.
Tamzwarut, afellay eemmars yeqree iẓuran das-icarcen ag tmurt n rejdud-nnes, waxxa netta ilul di tmurt n Irumiyen , mceḥal ma yttemɣar deg iseggasn yttemɣar kid-s Arrif di titwain, zi rebda ittas-d ad yesseedu anebdu-nnes di tmurt n Arrif jar twacunt d tarwa n tmurt, yetteejib-as ad ysseedu kunji-nnes jar playat n biyya ad yecc tiṛacwin n iselman.
Ktar zi manaya, ass umi yewwi tasemɣurt n yuhan kruyf (100 mlyun santim) mindi ixarres amzwar d iḥnjiren n temdint-nes, refrus n tsemɣurt-a marra yuci-tent ḥuma ad yetwwag ijn unedrra (terrain mini foot) i tarwa n tendint, twalat nneɣni aseggas n 2009 rami tgeeeed tseḍma n Lhusima ɣer tbadut tamezwarut (premier division) igga-as fus-nnes di twalat nneɣni s 100 mlyun aked ukipu n CRA.
Maca min war yzmmer ca n Umaziɣ ad t-yettu xef ufellay ass umi terbeḥ barceluna tcampyunzlig yeffeɣ-d Ufellay yarḍed xaf-s bandu Amaziɣ, ḥuma ad yssemɣar s tussena n rejdud-nes, ad yini i wmaḍal ykmmer nec d Amaziɣ, kuntra i ssaḥafa n tmizar Tierabin xaf-s yessawalen am ijen yitri d Aerab. Tiwlafin-nnes s ubandu Amaziɣ kkint-id tribizyu niɣ d xef uerur n tesɣunin n tunnunt di maṛṛa timura n ddunect.
S marra manaya ad yeqqim isem n Brahim Afellay yercem deg umezruy n tcamma deg Uruppa mammec yercem di twengint n Imaziɣen.


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Igjda n Hirkulis
Igjda n Herkulis (s tmaziɣt: ⵉⴳⵊⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵀⵉⵔⴽⵓⵍⵉⵙ, s tlatint: Columnae Herculis, s tgrikt: Ἡpάkλeιaι Etῆλaι Erákleiai Stílai) nɣ Igjda n Waṭlas iga ism azayku lli tn ikkan ɣ uzmz n ayt tagrikt. Ar sis tqṣaḍn idrarn s sin lli illan ɣ tmi n Urupa ɣ iffus d Tafriqt ɣ ugafa, ad tn t igan: Adrar n Musa (nɣ Adrar n Abyla s yism nns azayku) ɣ ugafa n tmazirt n Lmɣrib, d Aẓru n Djabal Ṭariq lli itabɛan i Lingliz.
Kkan-tt-inn irumiyn n uzmz azayku skrn ɣ Igjda n Herkulis zund kra n iwtta gr umaḍal lli ɣ tlla taɣrma (ma mu ttinin s tlatint: Mare nostrum) d yill Aṭlasi s ɣinna lli icqqan.
Amzruysnfl
Mad ttinin irumiynsnfl
Lliɣ yumẓ Herkulis aɣaras nns s ugdal n Hesperides ɣ ammas n tgzirt n Iritya. Ikka-tt-inn ḍaruri ixṣṣa ad izri f yan udrar ikka-tt-inn iga s yism Aṭlas, ɣ udɣar ayɣli s udrar ann, iga yas tazmrt icqqan nns afad ad izri udrar ann zɣ tuẓẓumt nns at lliɣ d iffuɣ ɣ tsga yaḍni n udrar. S tɣarast ad as ismun Herkulis yill agrakal d yill aṭlasi tiklt tamzwarut d iskr ma mu nttini ɣila Imi n Djabal Ṭariq. Ɣayad ar aɣ ittini zɛma mas Adrar n Musa d Izig n Djabal Ṭariq gan ɣar ɣaylli d iciḍn zɣ idrar azayku n Aṭlas.[1]
Mad ittini Diodorussnfl
Diodore Siculus, yan unmzruy agrik, ikka-tt-inn ar ittals mas Herkulis ismun iftasn n Imi n Djabal Ṭariq lli tn yad ikkan mac ikka-tt-inn iwsɛa bzzaf (urd zund ɣaylli ttinin irumiyn) bac ad ur yajj imẓiwn n yill aṭlasi ad kcmn s yill agrakal.[2]


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Kra yekka yiḍ, ggumant ad medlent wallen-iw. Deg berra teɣli-d tsusmi, drus n yimerrayen kan i mazal kesslen ɣef rrmel rrif n lebḥer. Lemwaji rekkdent; “ṭṭsen waman akked yisɣaren”, akken yeqqar Lounes Matoub. Lliɣ di texxamt, ẓẓleɣ deg wussu, ttalseɣ taɣuri n wungal i yi-d-tefka Massilda, mi akken sliɣ i usqerbeb. Mi lliɣ tawwurt, tqubel-iyi-d yiwet n Tetunsit, d tamelḥant, txeddem deg usensu-ya. D nettat yakan i yi-d-yefkan tisura n texxamt.
-Azul, yella kra i tuḥwağeḍ ? i yi-d-tessuter s tefransist.
-Tanemmirt, ur uḥwağeɣ kra, i s-rriɣ imi ur ẓriɣ ara d acu i ilaq ad as-t-iniɣ; d acu i yellan deg “kra”-nni i yi-d-tenna iwakken ad ẓreɣ ma uḥwageɣ-t neɣ ala!?
Tbedd, tettezmumug, nekk ssusmeɣ. Dɣa, nniɣ-as:
-Kcem-d, ma yehwa-yam.
Terra-yi-d:
-Tanemmirt, s tumert tameqqrant. Isem-iw Siham.
-Nekk d Mennad.
-D tikelt tamezwarut ara sleɣ isem-a. Kečč d Aṭelyani?
-Xaṭi, d Aqbayli.
-Di Lezzayer i tettidireḍ?
-Di Lezzayer i d-luleɣ, din ay ddreɣ akk tameddurt-iw. I kemm?
-Nekk daɣen d Tatunsit, ur zmireɣ ad idireɣ berra i Tunes, ɣas akka nnulfan-d kra n yimdanen taggara-ya, wwin-aɣ-d yiwet n tmusni tawerdanit si ccerq, bɣan ad aɣ-srewlen si tmurt-nneɣ.
Tettmeslay tettruḥu tettuɣal di texxamt, amzun akken yella kra i tt-iqelqen. Syin ɣer-s, terra srid ɣer ṭṭabla anda yers wungal i lliɣ ɣɣareɣ, terfed-it-id, tenna-yi-d:
-Wi’cqa ad t-muqqleɣ?
Rriɣ-as:
-Muqqel-it ɣef yiman-im!
Teqqim ɣef umeḍreḥ, tzerri tiwriqin, tikwal tḥebbes ad tɣer kra n tefyar deg kra usebter.
Siham d tareqqaqt, d taxemrit, allen-is d tiberkanin am sin n yieeqqayen n uzemmur yewwan, ččurent d sser; amzur-is berrik, ɣezzif, iruḥ d tizrurin, yeɣli-d ɣef tuyat-is yeeran. Idmarren-is, yettban-d uzgen seg-sen mi akken i tunez ad tɣer adlis-nni. Telsa-d atriku fessusen d azeggaɣ akked tjipunt taqehwit, teqfeḍ, tettaweḍ-as-d nnig tgecrar. Mi teqqim ttbanen-d yiḍarren-is d izeggaɣen, iseww-iten yiṭij d waman n lebḥer. Tekki da iwakken ad teɣreḍ.
Tukkist seg wungal “Akken i sent-yehwa i tullas” n Karim Kherbouche, i d-yeffɣen ɣur tiẓigin Tira.
Biographie de Karim Kherbouche:
Karim Kherbouche d amyaru s tmaziɣt d tefransist. D yiwen ger yiselmaden imezwura n tmaziɣt di tmurt n Lezzayer. Yewwi-d agerdas n Master di tussniwin n usinen (sciences de l’éducation) di tesdawit n Paris 8 d Master-nniden di tussniwin n turart (sciences du jeu) di tesdawit n Paris 13. Yewwi-d agerdas daɣen di tdamsa d tedrimt (économie et finance) di tesdawit n Bgayet.
Yesselmed tafransist deg uɣerbaz amezwaru, akken daɣen i yexdem d aneɣmas (journaliste) lewhi n 10 n yiseggasen deg kra n yiɣmisen d umaṭṭaf wis-sin n rradyu taɣelnawt. Tura d aselmad di Fransa.
Bibliographie:
-« Communiquer en Français », ouvrage d’apprentissage de la langue française en situations de communication. Editions Odyssée, Tizi Ouzou (Algérie).
« Azmam n tira n tmazight », cahier d’apprentissage de l’écriture du tamazight pour enfants (Editions Tira, Béjaia, Algérie).
-« Akken i sent-yehwa i tullas », ungal s tmazight (Editions Tira, Béjaia, Algérie)


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ḥekkerVB [ḥekkeṛ]
contempler, regarder
Flexions ḥekkerttḥekkirent ḥekkreɣ tḥekkrem ttḥekkir yettḥekkir tettḥekkiremt ḥekkret tḥekker ḥekkrent ttḥekkireɣ nettḥekkir yettḥekkiren tḥekkreḍ tḥekkremt ttḥekkiret ittḥekkir ttḥekkiren ḥekkremt nḥekker iḥekkren tettḥekkireḍ tettḥekkirem ittḥekkiren ḥekker iḥekker ḥekkren ttḥekkiremt tettḥekkir
Sources ḥekker
- BOUAMARA Kamel, Issin : Asegzawal n teqbaylit s teqbaylit, Editions l'Odyssée, Tizi-Ouzou, 2010
Phrases avec le mot ḥekker
Iḥekker iẓri-s, iwala d iddew aberkan i d isqerben ma yella kra ad yečč .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]
Iḥekker allen-is, ur t issin ara .
[ Agellid n times | 2006 | Amar U Lamara ]


text:
Tagrawt n 47, zi tegrawin timeqqranin n tsekla i yeẓra Aliman awerni i girra tamaḍlant tis tnayen. Tus-d tagrawt-a maḥend ad tili d yiles n ijjen tasalt i yeddren ifeqqusen n girra. Tagrawt-a tixḍar ijjen tebridt n tira d tamaynut, tɣewweɣ x tebridt i zi ttuɣa ttarin imezwura.
Tagrawt n 47, zi tjemmuein timeqqranin deg Uliman n uwerni girra tamaḍlant tis tnayen. Ttuɣa dag-s ismawen d imeqqranen deg ujenna n tira Talimant. Zzag-sen Heinrich Böll d Günter Grass i d ɣa yawyen tisemɣurin n Nobel. Aked inneɣni ameknaw Martin Walser d Ilse Aichinger.
Tettwagg tajemmuet-a deg useggas n 1947. Beddu-nnes ttuɣa-t nurmal, mani ijjen umari qqaren-as Hans Werner Richter yura ict tebrat i ca n imariten d iḥudriyen. Itter zzag-sen maḥend ad msagaren deg yeffus n Uliman ḥma ad mbuddalen array x yeḍrisen i yettarin. X manaya yeqqar Richter: “Merra weyyen-d iḍrisen-nnsen akid-sen, ɣrin zzag-s. Ammu i tt-teḍhar mayen umi semmiɣ ‘tagrawt n 47’. Deg umezwaru-nni ttuɣa wer ɣer-i la d ijjen tmuɣli x mamek i ɣa tili tagrawt-a”.
Beddu zi ziru
Richter i yemmuten deg useggas n 1993, d ddinamu i isnhezzan tagrawt-a. Mani ttuɣa dag-s, di eecrin iseggusa imezwura-nnes merra imariten i yejjin izumal-nnsen di tsekla Talimant.
Tagrawt-a urid d ca n tmesmunt niɣ ca n wamun ɣer-s turgant n daxel. Maca nettat ɣir tettegg tinawin-nnes tnayen n twalatin kul asseggas. Tagrawt-a tefhem ila lxedmet-nnes ad tili ameknaw ijjen fabrika n tsekla, qqaren dag-s iḍrisen waha. Maca ḥuma ad ssurfen min eicen di girra d tnamtin i yeedan. Ttuɣa-aneɣ zzat i yijj n tasalt d jjdid, tkessi s ixef-nnes lxedmet n ueawed n tira n umezruy-nnes aseklan zi ziru, Richter yenna x manaya: “Ameknaw tajemmuet-a tbedda lebda s ijjen wudem d aradikali […] Aked lweqt ad issen bnadem belli ula d tagrawt n 47 ttuɣa-tt d ijjen tecwiḥt zi tyumi tameqqrant n tsekla Talimant. Zeg ijjen uɣezdis nniḍen, ttuɣa imariten n berra lebda nxezzar ɣer-sen d ameknaw, maca ttuɣa ixess-aneɣ a nfabrika neccin amaḍal-nneɣ s ixef-nneɣ”.
Asmaynu, yeqqen deg uswir n yiles, ayt 47, ttuɣa xsen ad adsen ɣer wegdud s yijj n yiles iggwej x Trumantikt, yudes-as i tidet-nnes d mayen isxeddam deg wawal-nnes alebdan.
Tasɣunt n tsekla aked tsertit
Amek yeqqar Richter, ila ayt tagrawt-a ttuɣa ttɣilen ad jjen later-nnsen x isertanen x webrid n tsekla, ttuɣa wer xezzren ca ɣer tsekla zi tiṭṭ n tsekla waha. Maca tagrawt-a ttuɣa txes ad tbeddel ula d tabridt i zi ttuɣa ttxarrsen Ilimanityen. Tagrawt txezzer ɣer yixef-nnes ameknaw d ijjen ssekwila n tdimukraṭit azzareg-nnes d tasekla: “akritika, amseksi d wemnus”. D yina d iwalen i teksi tagrawt x yiri-nnes amek yeqqar Richter.
Wer yeedi bu aṭṭas n lweqt al mani tedwel tagrawt-a d wul n tussna Talimant ineddwen s tudert. Urid icrek di tinawin-nnes imeqqrnen n tsekla ameknaw Heinrich Boll d Gunter Grass waha, mac aula d imezɣanen d imeqqranen ameknaw Marcel Reich-Ranicki d Hannes Meyer, aked manaya, ttuɣa lmidiya lebda tterran-as taynit, lebda tudrin n wefsar ttemsazzalent ad fsarent idlisen-nnsen qbel ma ad tefsi tagrawt-a deg useggas n 1967.


text:
Sekkʷar d mizid ‑ ar da nemsefham. Maca cḥal i yxess anec n sekkʷar deg ass? cḥal yeddarra taddut nneɣ? melmi nzemmer ad nini ssekʷar d aɛeffan? ɣerm, ad tesnem.
Ict ict!
- Min yeɛna ssekʷar beɛda?
- Cḥal n sekkʷar i dd‑yekkren i ddat‑nneɣ deg Ass?
- Min ittemsaran i ssekʷar di taddut‑nneɣ?
- Min yeɛna ssekʷar n sanida?
- Ssekʷar n Fruta yifa ssekʷar nurmal??
- Tidet ssekʷar d aɛeffan?
- Ssekʷar d ttebriyyet?
- I mala kseɣ xaf‑s qaɛ?
- Minzi zemmreɣ ad bedleɣ ssekʷar?
- Minzi ɣa sneɣ cḥal n ssekʷar yellan di Macca?
Min yeɛna ssekʷar beɛda?
Xmi ɣa tesseqsid ca n umesnaw x ssekʷar, ad xaf‑s yerr s useqsi beɛda, Man ssekʷar? Urud d ijjen ssekʷar waha yellan. Awerni yisem‑a, ffren aṭṭas nw awalen am cnaw Glucose (qqaren‑as sekkwar n uḍil), Fructose (Ssekʷar n Fruta) niɣ Lactose (Ssekʷar n uceffay), zzat‑nes Mayzina , am tenni di baṭaṭa.
Iklusa‑ya carken marra deg ict. d Carbohydrate marra, Mlawasen la di mamek tbanen di daxel‑nsen. Marra dag‑sen Karbun, Ahidrujin, Uksijin. mṣebḍan di mamek seddant tdrin‑a waha.
Glucose d Fructose wer dag‑sn bu iceddan aṭṭas, qqaren‑as ssekʷar n yijj niɣ « Monosaccharid. » Mala munen tnayn n Imonosaccharide, tsaqarend Disaccharid – i yellan d sekwar dubli. Macnaw sakkaruz « Saccharos ». days anict n Glucose anict Fructose (1:1) .
Min yellan ɛawd nteḥwajat di macca, d ssekʷar yellan di Mayzina « Polysaccharide », Poly zeɛma aṭṭas. Ssekʷar yujar dubli. Ɣer‑s ijjen sselslet d tazegrart n tidrin n ssekʷar. Wer yizid ca anict Monosaccharid d Disaccharid
Cḥal n sekkʷar i dd‑yekkren i ddat‑nneɣ deg Ass?
Ḥima ad nedder, arrimt‑nneɣ wer teḥwij ca ssekʷar acemlal, xelli ɛad wenni id tṣenɛen, teggent di tissit d macca. Maca ntett zzag‑s aṭṭas. mkul ijjen zzag‑neɣ itett 30 kilu n ssekʷar deg useggʷas. zeg 1950 ar assa, temmrni xaf‑s ijjen 10 kilu ɛad!
WHO tswessa s 25 gramm deg ass!
Isinagen am WHO tewced cḥal ixessa wer yesɛeddu utarras n sekʷar deg ass, urid cḥal das itxessan. WHO ttwala belli ssekwar deg ass ixessa wer iɛeddu 5% zi marra min itett utarras. mala negga‑s leḥsab ad t‑naf d 25 gramm, ttawid 6 n tɣenjayin d timẓyanin.
Wer neḥwij ad nsenqes zi ssekʷar yellan di macca n tmurt, am fruta niɣ d aceffay. Da ttadef‑dd tjemmiɛt talimant n macca (DEG), ɣer‑s 10 n tseqqar zi macca, dag‑sent 5 n Lxuḍert d fruta, d cwayt n min dd‑itekken zeg uceffay.
Min ittemsaran i ssekʷar di taddut‑nneɣ?
Ɣir anec ca n ḥajet, ad tebda arrimt ad teḥri, macca nni ttek aṭṭas n tebridin. Ssekʷar dubli d ssekʷar n waṭṭas ( Polysaccharide) itfeṣṣel‑as weḥray ssenslet ar ɣer yeqqim Glucose niɣ Fructose waha.
Zeg stumaɣu ɣer idammen. ssekwar ittraḥen ɣer idammen dwenni i dd‑ittic lmizan ɣer imehlak n ssekʷar. Arrimt nneɣ tferraɣ‑dd xaf‑s ahurmun n Insulin, insulin ikessi ssekʷar nni ɣer tsilulin n arrimt. Fructose netta urid am Glucose. Netta tesxeddam‑it tsa.
Tidrin n ssekʷar tticcent inirji, d nitenti beɛda i das i ticcen i walli minzi ɣa yexdem.
Min yeɛna Zucker sanida?
Sanida d agellid n ssekʷar, d acemlal itceɛɛel. Mala nexzer acimi‑nnes nettaf‑it d Saccharose, tteksen‑tid zi ccmender d uɣanim.
Di wṣenneɛ‑nnes, ittek ɣanim d ccmender zeg uḥray, tinannit, asird d Ukristala (crystallization). Anict n min xsen d ttemlel, i ɣa ɛawden i manaya marra.
Ikluṣay n ssekkʷar, d kaliti‑nsen. Din rqanun i dag‑sen yeddebaren. ma d acemlal, niɣ d acemlal drust waha, niɣ sanida. Qaɛ d ict, marra d Saccharose.
Ssekʷar n Fruta yifa ssekʷar nurmal??
Ssekʷar n tmurt, yellan di Fruta d lxuḍert, wer da‑sen teggi la WHO la DGE llaḥed. walli am wenni tṣennɛen, niɣ wenni rennin di tissit d tiqeḍquḍa. Twarrit xf useqsi tban: Wah. Ssekʷar n Fruta yifa wenni « nurmal »!.
Da nessawal x Monosaccharid « Fructose », dinni nettaf ca nniḍen zi min daneɣ nnan. Ca trezzutin x imedder ufint belli inni yeccin Fructose waha, iḍerriten. Minzi netta Fructose tsxeddam‑it « tsa ». Xmi zzag‑s ntett aṭṭas, itnegru di Tsa, ittedwal d ttadunt!
Tarezzuz di Fructose dag‑s ccek!
Tirezzutin n iseggusa yeɛdan, ufint belli aṭṭas n ssekʷar n Fruta urid itteg tadunt x tsa waha. Maca issalay la d tadunt n idammen. Izemmer ad yerr arrimt tesleqqa zeg uhurmun‑nnes Insulin.
Maca Lwizara talimant n macca d tfellaḥt tenna: « tarezzut‑a tegga x imudder urid x yewdan, wer n zemmer ad nini belli min ufin ad yemser 100% ra iyewdan. »
Ɛawed di trezzut i ggin, ucin i imudder kṭar zi 25% n Fructose waha zi macca, anict uyenni n fructose ɛemmers ad tyawed uterras.
Tidet ssekʷar d aɛeffan?
Ssekʷar urid d aɛeffan anict n min xaf‑s qqaren. Maca la dda, « Arhaj ittili deg aṭṭas ». Mala nexzer leḥsab n WHO, akd anict n min tetten Irifyyen n sekkʷar. qa wwet setta n tɣenjayin nni di tlata mala drust.
Seḥḥet (tadunt), lehlak n ssekʷar Typ 2, ur d watansyu, d ca n lehlakat n uxenzir. ttgenfan niɣ tmernin mala temmerni macca n ssekʷar.
min yixs ad yini manaya: Wenni itetten aṭṭas n ssekʷar yucit i weṣṭal waha. Itsennaɛ lehlakat‑a di taddut nnes wer ittici. Manaya urid s ssekʷar waha, niɣ karbuhidrat. maca aṭṭas n tmeslayin ɣer‑s yeqnen. Zzag‑s la d anhezzi, niɣ d min itett uterras qa s kurci.
Tuɛɛefna: tissit tmiẓit
Coca Cola, tissit am lɛaṣir. Tteksen fad, maca wer ssesqarin laz, waxxa dag‑sen Kalurin ɛla jjehd. Imussnawen melmi ttiwden, din nna ssekar d aɛeffan: Izemmer ad yehlek s lehlak n Ssekʷar, d typ-2, xelli ɛad ɣer iḥejiren imeẓyanen kṭar.
ɛawed ssekʷar yeccat ɣer teɣmas. ittic‑asen i baktirya ni itetten tiɣmas jjehd. Mant lḥell? aweni macca? asird n teɣmas!
Ssekʷar d ttebriyyet?
Wenni ɣa yeccen ict, ittexs ad yerni. Ssawaleɣ x Tcukulati. Ca netwalatin ntett lpakiyyet tekmel. d tta d ttebliyyet? Deg uɛayar x iɣerḍayen ufin tteblan zzag‑s. tarezzut deg iwdan qat ɛad d aseqsi.
Tnamitn taẓyudi
Icten maca tetwassen mliḥ. Taẓyuḍi ak‑d tadunt, teṣṣufuɣ « Adupamin » (ahurmun n nnacat) ɛla jjehd. Mala necca ca n pastili dag‑s trussi d ssekʷar, tnekker maṣṣă deg alli, itferreɣ‑dd Adupamin. Wenni itkeṭṭren zi min yella tadunt d ssekʷar (am cukulaṭi), tleqfit TNAMIT.
Senni ataf‑d tteḥwajit tcukulaṭi niɣ d Pastili ḥima ad tacid mliḥ. Anict n min tetten yenni yennum ssekʷar, ɛad wer yiwiḍ axaf‑s nini ttebliyyet. Suya qqarn xaf‑s tnamit waha.
I mala kseɣ xaf‑s qaɛ?
Deg iseggusa‑ya ineggura, aṭṭas n yedlisen i dd‑yefɣen deg umaḍal, deg iyyar n macca, qqaren i ssekʷar « Goodbye“. Ar mani tedwel d muḍa. inni i tteksen x ssekʷar, ttɛawaden min xaf‑sen yekkin: laz ɛa ɣefla, tiqqest n uzellif, Lweḥlan, adiqqi, aɛeṣṣeb …. Maca awarni cwayt n wussan, dewlen ttacan akd ixf nsen ḥsen zi wmezwar.
Maca aṭṭas n imussnawen, qqaren belli tyacit nni n awarni melmi tbaɛɛad i ssekʷar, yeqseḥ ad xaf‑s ssiwlen s tussna, maca ttwalan belli « wenni itteksen di tecti x ssekʷar ad xaf‑s tekk, mala ttuɣa itett aṭṭas »
Min ɣa yemsern qaɛ: walu
Tikkest x sekkʷar yeqqen ɣa lizan, min ttuɣa tetted qbel, man aklaṣi n ssekʷar xf teksed,, ma txelfet malla? di beddu n tikkest wer ittemsar walu, minzi arrimt ttawid min tteḥwaj zi macca nniḍen.
Ma d arrijim, tikkest x tqedquda, niɣ d tissit yiẓiden, nteffeɣ ɣer ijjen webri: Arrimt ttawid inirji i tteḥwaja zi min txemmel n tadunt. aṭṭas n trezzutin yewfin tikkest x ssekʷar tessenqas di lmiẓan. Ineqqes la d lxaṭar n lehlak n ssekʷar niɣ ur d watansyu.
wenni ɣa yeksen x ssekʷar di tissit, ad teṣṣfa la d tirmect‑nnes.
Minzi zemmreɣ ad bedleɣ ssekʷar?
Tamment, Stivya, Sakkarin, Aṭṭas n ibeddilen yellan i ssekʷar, ca zzag‑sen am tammen wer ineffeɛ i arrijim. minzi dag‑s inirji la d nettat.
wenni yexsen ad yegg arrijim ad issenqes di lmizan. Ixessa‑s ad yessenqes di Kalurin di macca. Din ijen trezzut tufa belli mala nekkes ssekʷar deg atay d lqehwa, nzemmar ad nessenqes ar 23.360 kalurin deg useggʷas. (anict n min dag‑s di 3kilu n tadunt).
Maca aṭṭas n imussnawen ttwalan belli, tiẓit n tmurt tifa ssekwar, minzi urid dag‑sen Fructose d Glucose waha, maca la d Abitamin… Min yellan di Fruta qqaɛ bla ssekʷar yettɛawan arrimt nneɣ ad ttesḥerq ssekʷar.
Minzi ɣa sneɣ cḥal n ssekʷar yellan di Macca?
Deg Umarikan, ufin belli 75% n macca yetmenzan dag‑s ssekʷar yeffer, wer dag‑s turin. Sekkʷar di tqedquda, tcukulati, d macca qqaɛ yellan. Ttarint xaf‑s. Maca qa la d Aɣrum yettmenzan, niɣ jugurt n Fruta dag‑s ssekʷar.
Di rqanu, ixessa mkul macca tmenza texdem, ad xaf‑s arin cḥal n ssekʷar yellan di 100gramm niɣ mililit. Maca amxumbel, wer ttesned min yellan d ssekʷar n tmurt (Fructose) d min dag‑s arnin.
Ca zeg inni itṣenɛen macca xsen ad ggen asystim n Stop, azegwaɣ ar arbiɛ x macca. Ittic lexber x ssekʷar, tadunt, d tisent. Maca ḥima ad yili manaya, ixessa ad msefhamen marra x min yellan d aṭṭas, d mecḥal yellan d arbiɛ.
Amxumbel: tɣeccacen
Aṭṭas n macca dag‑s cḥal di miyya zi mkul lḥajet. d cḥal izemmer ad yeccur zi min teḥwaja deg ass n macca. Ntaf ca n macca ttarin xaf‑s « ijjen Upurtsyun ittawid 15 % n macca n wass. Maca apurtsyun-nsen wer ittiwed azgen n min zzag‑s itett utarras zi lḥajet‑nni. Malla tettwac zzag‑s dubli, qa d 30% zi macca n wass. maca cek tegged leḥsab n upurtsyun i xaf-s urin waha. Cḥal dag-s n Gramm deg upurtsyun, wer t yeqqer ḥed.
Mant lḥell zi ɣa nssenqess zi ssekʷar yyeffren: Ad nagʷej x macca ixedmen, tpakiṭar teɛdel. ad nec min tsɣemmay tmurt, d min nesnanna s ufus nneɣ. Ad nelmed ad nsu atay d lqehwa d ineqsi di ssekʷar.
Nec beɛda kseɣ xaf‑s zi melmi. i kenniw? qa ɛad tkeṭṭrem ssekʷar deg atay d lqehwa? cḥal dawem itekk kilu n ssekʷar?
Ɣer ɛawd:


text:
Din aṭṭas n iseqsan ttɣiman uylen x lmewt, wer ttifen tiwarritin, d aya i yejjin Roland Schulz ḥuma ad yari ijen udlis x lmewt. Issawal dag-s x teycatin n yenni i yegguren ad mmten d teycatin n nnhel-nnsen s ij n tebridt tjebbed ameɣri.
Lmewt d ijjen tmeslayt wer nzemmer a zzag-s nerwel cḥal ma nekka, maca iyduden n yiḍ-a tteggen axmi ttrakk°alen zzag-s, wer tt-itteydaren, kṭer zi manaya ssanafen-tt (ignoring it).
D aya iɛernen aneɣmas Aliman Roland Schulz deg udlis-nnes « Ha mamec nettmetta : ‘so sterben wir’» bac ad issiwel x ijjen tmeslayt drus i s-itticen taynit. Imsurruf Schulz aked lmewt zeg waṭṭas n iɣezdisa; deg udlis-nnes ittic-asen awal i yeḍbiben d imeqqazen n imeḍlan d inni ittɛezzan ula d inni i yettexden, ḥuma ad ssiwlen x min ttacan d teycatin.
Xmi rrimet i yeddren tettɛeqqab d lxecbet
Deg umezwaru, issawal Schulz x min ittizzaren i lmewt ; xminni idammen wer ttikk°iḍen ɣer iḍuḍan niɣ tfednin « danita ttɛeqqaben idammen ixess uɣil ad ilin deg ij n wemkan-nniḍen, ittsemma deg uzellif, di rrimet-nnec, mani tella tarut, wul d tsa ».
Iḍaren tteddakk°alen d isemmaḍen, twarrit n nnefs tettɛeqqab tedqel, tesyafutin (les sens) ttmekkasent : « rrimet tbedda tettemsafaḍ aked tudert ».
Inni d tinni ittexden, ca n twalatin tili ttestrisan zeg inni iseḥḥen ; minzi imeggura-ya ttwalan ila wenni ittexden qa ɛad nzemmer a t-nesgenfa mala ttwaggent tizemmar. Manaya yettwala-t Schulz axmi d « asinef n lmewt ».
Yeqqar ila « afinumin-a yegga ca n ddegg, minzi lmewt teḥḍer akid-neɣ manimma, neqqar-itt deg ijurnalen, nxezzer dag-s di ttlibizyu, deg wantirnit, maca wer tt-nettwili di tudert-nneɣ takuyast (our daily life) ».
Schulz, iqqar ila ca n yewdan wer ttwilin ca n lxecbet (dead body) di tudert-nnsen ar ɣa awḍen 50 niɣ 60 iseggusa. Iḍbiben qqaren ila ixess a nemsurruf aked inni ittexden s uweqqer, maca azgen ameqqran n midden qqaɛ wer tteggen amenni.
Maca wenni ittexden izemmer ad ikkes zeg uzellif-nnes manaya : « aqqa min ittuqiɛen lux ad yuqeɛ i twalat tameggarut ; twalat tameggarut zzat i lebḥer, twalat tameggarut deg idurar, di lxedmet, deg wendah n ṭṭumubinat, twalat tameggarut i di ɣa iṭṭes aked wenni i yettxes, d twalat tameggarut i di ɣa ixelles ca n uḥemmas ».
Lmewt temmal-d aẓli n tudert
Schulz ittseqsa : Man-tt amkan i di teggur tiṭṭ n wenn igguren ad immet – mala nmeyyek x min ittegg- nettaf belli lmewt teddal x merra timegga-nnes « d netta ixezzer ɣer waẓli n tudert ».
Xenni amaḍal n wenni ittexden ittraḥ ittenḥruṭṭuf, imeggayen-nnes (his actions) ttɛeqqaben meẓyen, d iwdan ttemlagg°ajen x-as, « cekk tettemsafaḍed aked imukan, aked iwdan, awern-as, tettemsafaḍed aked ixef-nnec ».
Amari iqqar : « ca zeg inni ittexden rezzun x ad sebbaren ixef-nnsen deg ijjen uxarres ila nitni maci weḥḥed-sen i ɣa yemmten waha ; nitni ttmettan am mamec mmuten ibabaten-nnsen, d lejdud n lejdud-nnsen, uca raḥ x-as amenni ».
Iqqar ɛawed belli amezruy n yewdan ittɛeqqab ar 8000 n tsalalt (generations), ca zeg imussnawen, nnan belli inni immuten ttakk°aḍen ar 200 melyar n bnadem ».
Schulz deg yiger-a issawal x rrimet n bnadem axmi d ijjen macina temxumbel; qa dag-s kṭer zi 200 n ixsan, d 600 n teysumin, d wul ineddu 100 n tecti di tminut, d ijjen tarut tetterra nnefs luluf n twalatin kul ass, d ijjen walli iwezzen tlata n ireṭṭalen ; « … Qa cek wer tellid ca d ijjen macina waha, maca d ijjen ssistim ittwagg bac ad yexsar ijjen wass, qa yemxumbel kṭer zeg ijjen lmayna d taqemqamt ».
Maca waxxa amenni, lmewt teqqseḥ !
Wenni ittexden izemmer ad isḥissef x ca n tmeslayin ttuɣa wer issin anict i isekk°ant, ad isḥissef ila wer yewwiḍ ɣer turjatin-nni i wer iggi, kṭer zi manaya, ad yaf ila netta wer idder qqaɛ amen tenna. Maca drus xminni ittagg°ed zeg iwezwizen (grief) « aqqa iwezwizen d ayenni i yessnen inni ittexsen zi merra iɣezdisa n lmewt».
Schulz ittwala ila « lmewt wer teḥḥli.. Qa zi min iqqesḥen a t-iẓer bnadem di tudert-nnes, teqqseḥ, tetteqqes, maca waxxa amenni nettat d azgen zi tudert… Iqqseḥ a nenɛem s manaya, waxxa la zeg inni ittexden la zeg inni iseḥḥen ».
Aked uɣezdis n manaya, amari issawal x mamec ɣa negg a nsreyyeḥ zi teycit-nni n twarrit n nnefs iqesḥen, iqqar ila qa ixess wer nettegg bu waṭṭas n ddwa xmi nettaca s fad, iqqar ɛawed ila nezemmer a negg ca n watay ijerrsen x yiles, ula d tizeyyatin ittruccan s waman, s lɛasir d binu, alaḥsab kul ijjen min ittxes.
Schulz inna deg umeggaru « Ssitmeɣ mli tili ssilweɣ kṭer x wudmawen ixeyyeqen zi tudert-nneɣ, kṭer zi manaya… Ca n twalatin, ttwaliɣ ila adlis-a wa, d ddrafat kṭer zi lḥal i di ttmetta bnadem, ineṭṭel dag-s ».


text:
Ilef
Ilef (Assaɣ usnan: Sus) d aɣersiw asuṭṭad yeṭṭafaren tawsit n telfatin yettidir deg Tefrikt Uruppa d Asya , Dɣa llan-t telmas d timegrudin (tturebban-t deg wexxam) iw faras n weksum d tmugri n weglim
Aglam[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Ilef d aɣersiw amufay azuran yerna yuddes, ila (yesɛa) uglan meẓẓiyen ffɣen-d seg yimi-s yerna ɣɣaren-asen timeɣlin. Iɣef-is d ameqran, udem-is d aɣezfan yerna yesseqdac-it akken ad yessekfel yis ayen yeffren ddaw wakal, Amur ameqran n telmas n yilfan ttidiren-t g tẓegwa
Učči[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Ilef d aɣersiw aramma (yettett kra yellan: aksum, iburɣas, imɣan)


text:
sgeḍVB [sgeḍ]
avaler goulûment ; avaler
Flexions sgeḍttesgaḍet ittesgaḍ segḍeɣ ttesgaḍen nesgeḍ sgiḍeɣ nesgiḍ isegḍen tettesgaḍeḍ segḍet tettesgaḍem isgeḍ ittesgaḍen segḍen isgiḍ sgiḍen ttesgaḍemt tettesgaḍ tsegḍeḍ ttesgaḍent tsegḍem tesgiḍeḍ tesgiḍem ttesgaḍ yettesgaḍ segḍemt tettesgaḍemt tesgeḍ segḍent tesgiḍ sgiḍent ttesgaḍeɣ sgeḍ nettesgaḍ yesgeḍ yettesgaḍen tsegḍemt yesgiḍ tesgiḍemt
Sources sgeḍ
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982


text:
Tigejdit :
Azul fell-awen
ay atmaten d teysetmatin
Tughal-d teghmist-nnegh
s yed'risen imaynuten, d id'risen yuran s tmazight si tt'erf alamma d tt'erf u nessaram, ma yebgha R'ebbi, dima ad d-tettughal
di lweqt, yal ddur't, akken ad nkemmel yis-s aghnas (amennugh) i lmend n tutlayt-nnegh. Ahat gren watmaten d teysetmatin-nnegh
tamawt d akken ghezzifit yed'risen ay nettaru s tmazight. Dgha nesseqdac tamazight akken ad d-nemmeslay yis-s ghef tghawsiwin
ur ughen ara tanumi medden qqaren-tent s tutlayt-nsen yernu nesseqdac-itt digh s yiwen n ughanib (style) d anesbaghur (amer'kanti)
i deg d-nessedday at'as n wawalen imaynuten, akken ad ten-nesselmad i yimeghriyen-nnegh. Nessaram kan d akken ad ilin fehhmen
ayen d asen-nettaru, yernu isallen qqaren deg-s ad ten-nef‚en di tudert-nsen akken ara nef‚en idles d tutlayt tamazight. Ayen
ara nteg s teghmist-a netta d acqar (dt'fi) i wid merr'a ay ih'eqren tamazight, ama seg wid-nnegh negh seg wiyad'. Wid s-yeqqaren
d akken tamazight d tutlayt kan n wexxam negh n udaynin (akken llan qqaren-d ghef tbaskit akk d tlitwanit). Wid s-yeqqaren
d akken tamazight d tutlayt tigellilt i yes ur nezmir ara ad d-nemmeslay ghef wakk ayen nebgha, am tefr'ensist d ta‚r'abt.
Wid s-yeqqaren d akken d tafr'ensist ay ilaqen ad asen-d-tbedd i lmendad i Yimazighen, si le‚d'il ar snernin tutlayt-nsen.
Ihi nekni nebgha ad asen-d-nessebgen i wigi merr'a d akken timez'riwt-nsen teghled', yernu tamazight tezmer i yiman-is, awi-d
kan ad tt-refden warraw-is. Xas tt'uqqten wid ara yettcemmiten di tutlayt-nnegh, ttah'qaren-tt, u ttwalin-tt d akken ur tezmir
ad tes‚u amkan am nettat, am tutlayin nnid'en, llan at'as seg watmaten-nnegh ay yebghan ad d-rz'en asalu, ad ttarun s tutlayt-nnegh
tighawsiwin am tid yuran s tutlayin nnid'en, ad snernin tutlayt-nnegh deg wayen txuss' u ad as-fken amkan deg wat'as n yinurar
n tudert. Anect-a nezmer ad t-naf deg wat'as n yeghmisen d tesghunin, deg wat'as n yemd'iqen n internet, i deg kra seg watmaten-nnegh
tt arun-d imagraden d yed'risen ifazen ghef tussna, ghef umezruy akk d tmusniwin nnid'en. Tikwal, nettaf-iten d tarba‚t, tikwal,
i yiman-nsen kan ay qeddcen. D acu kan, nebgha ad asen-nessiwed' i watmaten-agi-nnegh merr'a sslam d ameqqran u ad asen-nefk
tajmilt ghef wayen xeddmen, imi ay refden tamazight gher temkant ‚layen deg wulawen-nsen, imi ay tt-bghan ad d-tecbu tiyad',
ad tt-id-yughal wemkan-is di tmurt-is, ghur wegdud-is. Imal (avenir) n tmazight ur iris ara kan ghef yiqerray n yimassanen
(savants) negh ghef wid n yiwunak (ddewlat), wanag d agdud-is ay yezwar lh'al akken ad tt-yerfed. Yugh lh'al, ma yella d nekni
ara d-yezwiren ghur-s ad tt-neddj, ur d-mazal ad yili wayed' ara ixemmen fell-as. Qqaren-as wat zik : Win ur nes‚i tagmat
meh'qur. Ihi d nekni kan ay d atmaten n tmazight, d nekni kan ay d imawlan-is. Ur ilaq ara ad nsemmeh' deg-s.
Imedyazen
Tutlayin iteddun
akken ad negrent
Aqeddem
: di tallit i deg nettidir ass-a, tallit n uxebber, tutlayin ughalent s‚ant tasghent (ddur') meqqren, imi yis-sent ay nettemsawad'
isallen. D acu kan, maci s kra yellan d tutlayt deg wemd'al (ddunit) tettekka deg uxebber n medden, imi amd'al n tutlayin
yebd'a ghef sin : tutlayin timeqqranin akk d tutlayin timect'ah'. Di lweqt i deg tutlayin timeqqranin ttmeslayen-tent ula
d imdanen ur nelli si tmura i deg ttumeslayent, at'as n tutlayin timect'ah' ara yettughalen gher deffir, ttaddjan-tent yemsiwlen-nsent.
Imi at'as si tutlayin-a ur d asent-gin ccan yimawlan-nsent akken ad ten-id-ssukksen (ad tent-id-sellken), dgha cwit',
cwit' ara ttmettatent, neggrent mad'i, ur d-yettghimi ula d yiwen yessnen ad tent-yemmeslay. Tamattant n tutlayin tettawi-d
axess'ar meqqren ghef wegdud ay tt-yesr'uh'en, imi ay yezmer ad as-yesr'uh' akk idles-yines akk d tnettit-is (identitt'), d
acu kan, at'as n yegduden deg wemd'anl, ur d-nerri s lexbar i wanect-a, yernu atni la ttkemmilen ass-a ttmeslayen tutlayin
tiberr'aniyin u ttaken afus di nnger n tutlayin-nsen, d ayen ara ten-yessiwd'en yiwwas gher nndama tameqqrant. Ma d kra n
yegduden nnid'en, ukin-d i wugur-agi, z'ran d akken ma sr'uh'en tutlayin-nsen ulac d acu ara sen-d-yeqqimen, dgha atni la
xeddmen akk ayen umi zemren akken ad tent-id-ssukksen. Akken yebghu yili, ulac tutlayt deg wemd'al ay yuklalen ad tenger,
imi tand'a (diversitt') n tutlayin n wemd'al tes‚a lfayda meqqren i yemdanen n wemd'al merr'a. Nekni nettwali d akken tamazight,
di tegnit i deg tella ass-a, d yiwet si tutlayin ara iteddun akken ad negrent, xas ulamma yiwen ur a d-ibedder tamsalt-a,
xas ulamma mazal lexwat'er n medden hennan, ur d-rrin ara s lexbar i wanect-a. Ger n wakken tella tmazight zik-nni d wamek
tella ass-a, at'as n wemgerrad (lxilaf) ay yellan. Yiwen seg yimedyaten ay nezmer ad t-id-nefk ghef wemgerrad-agi netta d
asseqdec n tmazight ghur yilmez'yen imazighen n wass-a. At'as n yimukan i deg ilmez'yen-nnegh ur ssinen ula d yiwen n wawal
n tmazight, di lweqt i deg at'as n yelmez'yen ay tt-yessnen ass-a, ur tt-ttmeslayen ara mlih', akken tt-ttmeslayen yelmez'yen
imazighen n zik-nni. Dgha nezmer ad d-nini d akken taghara (qualitt') n tutlayt-nnegh tenqes ger yid'elli d wassa. Anect-a
yemmal-d d akken ass-a, tebda la tent-tettagh tmazight di llsas, imi ma kemmlen yelmez'yen ah'ric deg-sen ur yessin tutlayt-is,
ma d ah'ric nnid'en simmal yettughal gher deffir di tmusni-yines, tamazight ur s-d-yeqqim ara kra n yimal. Yugh lh'al, tutlayt
ur tettusemmay ara temmut alamma d asmi ur d-ttghimin ara yelmez'yen ara id'emnen d akken ad tkemmel sya ar sdat, ad
tidir i uzekka. Dgha ma kemmlen yelmez'yen imazighen ttaddjan tutlayt-nsen, tamazight s az'ekka ara tteg ah'urif. Tamattant
n tutlayin d ayen yellan deg wemd'al, yernu ula d nekni ilaq ad as-naki. Qqaren-as :
H'ebber' uqbel ad ted'ru
Afud igerrzen
D acu-t unamek-is mi ara d-nini d akken kra n tutlayt deg umihi (danger)
ay tella ?
Tutlayt yellan
deg umihi d tin ayen ara iteddun akken ad tenger deg yimal (avenir) i d-iqerben. At'as n tutlayin ayen ara ttaddjan yimawlan-nsent,
u sseqdacen deg wemkan-nsent tutlayin nnid'en, tid ay yettuseqdacen s wat'as di tmiwa negh di tmura i deg ttidiren, am teglizit
deg Yiwunak Yedduklan (USA) negh taspenyulit di Miksik. Ma ur nbeddel ara lumur' yellan ass-a, tutlayin-agi yellan deg umihi
ur tent-id-yettaf ara lqern-agi ara d-iteddun. At'as n tutlayin nnid'en ay ughalen ur a tent-lemmden yigerdan wala ledjyal
ijdiden n yimeqranen, dgha asmi ara yemmet yemsiwel-nsent aneggaru, tutlayin-agi ad negrent. Yugh lh'al, at'as n tutlayin
umi d-yeqqim ala kan yiwen wemdan ay tent-yettmeslayen, yernu asmi ara yemmet wemdan-agi, ula d tutlayt-nni ad tettusemma
temmut, dgha ur d-mazal ad yili win ara tt-yemmeslayen wala win ara tt-yissinen.
D anect-a ay sent-yed'ran i tutlayin
am tegrigit (grec) taqburt akk d tlatinit ?
Ala. Tutlayin-a
ttusemmant mmuten imi yiwen ur a tent-yettmeslay akken llant ttumeslayent di tallit-nni taqburt i deg llant ttarunt. Tutlayin-agi
maci d tutlayin nnid'en ay sent-yekksen amkan-nsent deg yiwet teswi‚t yernu s tin n ddre‚, wanag tagrigit taqburt cwit', cwit'
ay temhez (t'voluer) akken ad tughal d tagrigit tatrart (moderne), di lweqt i deg talatinit, cwit', cwit' ay temhez ula d nettat
akken ad d-tefk tat'alyanit, taspenyulit, tafr'ensist akk d tr'umanit n wass-a. Akka digh ay d-ted'ra akk d teglizit taqburt
n tallit n Chaucer. Xas yiwen ur tt-yettmeslay tura, d nettat ay yughalen d taglizit tatrart n wass-a.
Amek ay neggrent tutlayin ?
Assenger n kra
n wegdud si rrif d yiwet si ssebbat n wengar n tutlayin. Ghef umedya (lemtel), asmi ay snegren Wur'ufiyen (Europt'ens) imezdaghen
ines'liyen n tegzirt n Tasmanya (di Ustr'alya), at'as n tutlayin -ur nez'ri ach'al llant- ay inegren yid-sen. Maca ssebba
tameqqrant akk deg wengar n tutlayin nettat mi ara tili tmetti (communautt') yettmeslayen tutlayt-is teh'r'es-itt terba‚t nnid'en,
ay idjehden yernu tugar-itt, akken ad teddj tutlayt-is u ad d-ternu gher tneggarut-a. Dgha tikwal, medden lemmden tutlayt
taberr'anit gher tama n tutlayt-nsen tanes'lit, u d anect-n ay d-yed'ran di Groenland, d yiwet n tama ay teh'kem Danmar'k,
anda ay ttmeslayen Yiskimuten (Eskimos) tutlayt-nsen, takalaallisut (kalaallisut) yernu ssnen digh ad mmeslayen tadanmar'kit.
D acu kan, at'as anda ara naf d akken timetti yes‚an tutlayt-is tanes'lit tettwah'r'es akken ad tt-teddj u ad teddj yid-s
tinettit-is (identitt') tadelsant. D anect-a ay d-yed'ran i Yikurdiyen di Tt'erk, anda ay d asen-yegdel (interdire) usad'uf
(lqanun) ad d-ssuffghen s kra n tghawsa ara yarun s tutlayt-nsen negh ad tt-slemden akken ilaq. D anect-a digh ay d-yed'ran
akk d yimez'yanen n Yihendiyen n Temrikt (Indiens d'Amt'riques), imi si melmi kan, llan mazal kra deg-sen ttqasan-ten lemmer
ad mmeslayen s tutlayt-nsen deg yigherbazen igensiyen (internats).
Angar n
tutlayin id'erru-d dindin negh s le‚qel ?
Yezmer ad d-yed'ru
dindin am wakken ay yezmer ad d-yed'ru cwit', cwit'. Yugh lh'al, tezmer ad tenger tutlayt deg yiwet kan n tsuta (ldjil) ma
yella ur d-mazal ara a tt-lemmden yigerdan. Anect-a yed'ra-d s tidet akk d Yiskimuten Iyupiken (Yupiks) n Alaska, imi lemmer
ad nughal kan s 20 n yiseggasen gher deffir, ad naf d akken igerdan-nsen merr'a llan ttmeslayen tayupikt, di lweqt i deg ass-a,
Iyupiken imez'yanen akk ay nezmer ad ten-naf ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen s‚an si 20 n yiseggasen d asawen, ma d igerdan iyupiken
ttmeslayen kan taglizit. Yed'ra-d digh wanect-a akk d Yikusiyen (Ecossais) n tegzirt n Cape Breton (di Tikust Tamaynut, di
Kanada), imi deg yiseggasen n 1940 llan mazal-iten ttmeslayen tutlayt tikusit, maca di tizi n yiseggasen n 1970, ughalen yigerdan-nsen
ur a lemmden ara tutlayt-a. Di kra n yimukan nnid'en, tutlayin ‚ett'lent ugar akken ad negrent. Tutlayin tihendiyin n Temrikt
(amt'rindiennes) am tonondagat (o nondaga) akk d tmohawkt (mohawk), ay ttmeslayen di tmiwa ibe‚den ghef temdinin n Uwanek (Etat)
n New York akk d tmiwa n Kanada ay d-iqerben gher din, qqiment sin n leqrun nitenti a neggrent cwit', cwit', d acu kan, ar
ass-a, mazal ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen yernu tamohawkt, llan ula d kra n yelmez'yen ay d-mazal ssnen-tt.
Ach'al n tutlayin ara iteddun akken
ad negrent deg wemd'al (ddunit) ?
Ghef leh'sab
n yiwet n tesnadant (statistique) ay yettwaxedmen di 1996, 6703 n tutlayin ay llan ttmeslayen-tent medden deg wemd'al
(ddunit) deg useggas-nni. Ger-asent, 1000 n tutlayin llan ttmeslayen-tent di Temrikt, 2011 n tutlayin di Tefriqt, 225 n tutlayin
di Tur'uft, 2165 di Asya akk d 1320 n tutlayin di Tuqyanust (Oct'anie). Yugh lh'al, ilaq ad nh'ader seg yemd'anen-agi (nombres)
imi ay llant wat'as n tutlayin deg wemd'al i ghef nes‚a citt'ah' kan n yisallen, yernu digh at'as n yisallen ay nes‚a ghef
kra n tutlayin, ass-a i‚edda-tent zzman. Rnu-yas s anect-a, yew‚er' ghef yimassanen (savants) ad gen talast ger n tutlayt
akk d tentala (dialecte), d acu kan, tuget meqqren deg yimesnilsiyen (linguistes) msefhamen d akken amd'an n tutlayin yellan
deg wemd'al ad yili ifel (i‚edda) i 5000. Yugh lh'al, at'as si tutlayin-agi ara inegren sya ghef lqern. Kra n yimesnilsiyen
qqaren-d d akken tutlayin yellan deg wemd'al ad n eqsent s wezgen, ma d wiyad' qqaren-d d akken ala kan citt'ah' n yimid'iyen
(centaines) n tutlayin ara d-yeqqimen, imi amur ameqqran si tutlayin n wemd'al -tuget deg-sent ttmeslayen-tent ala kan kra
n yigiman (milliers) n medden- atenti la ttughalent gher deffir sdat n tutlayin idjehden am teglizit, taspenyulit, tapur'tigalit,
tacinwat, tarusit, tindunisit, ta‚r'abt, taswahilit akk d thendit. Dgha, llan wid i d-yeqqaren d akken di meyya yiseggasen-agi
ara d-iteddun, 90 % si tutlayin n wemd'al ara inegren.
Anwa ay d imdanen umi tezmer ad tenger
tutlayt ?
Xas akken tutlayin-agi
yettidiren deg umihi d tidersiyin (minotitt's) ay tent-yettmeslayen, maca amur meqqren si tutlayin n wemd'al d tutlayin n tdersiyin
[maci at'as n medden ay tent-yettmeslayen]. Ah'ric meqqren si tutlayin n wemd'al ttmeslayent-tent teqbilin n Papua Ginya Tamaynut
(Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guint'e) wughur ay nezmer ad naf 900 n tutlayin. Di Ustr'alya, 90 % si tutlayin n yimezdaghen iserwen (aborigŤnes)
n tmurt-agi ara inegren di tsuta-yagi (ldjil) n wass-a. Imezdaghen ins'eliyen n Temrikt (Ihendiyen) mazal-iten cfan ghef 90%
si tutlayin-nsen. Tidersiyin akk d teqbilin n Tefriqt, n Asya akk d Tuqyanust mazal ttmeslayen igiman (milliers) n tutlayin,
yernu di Tur'uft, at'as n yegduden ay rran di rrif ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tutlayin-nsen am tirlandit, tafrizit (di Tmura n
Wadda -Pays-Bas), taprovenÁalit akk d tbaskit.
Ach'al n tutlayin yellan deg umihi
di Temrikt n Ugafa (Amt'rique du Nord) ?
Ghef leh'sab
n yiwet n tesnadent (statistique) ay d-yeffghen si melmi kan, ala kan 194 n tutlayin tihendiyin ay d-yeqqimen si yimid'iyen-nni
(centaines) n tutlayin ay llan ttmeslayen-tent zik-nni. Ger n tutlayin tihendiyin ay d-mazal ddrent ass-a, 33 seg-sent ttmeslayen-tent
yimeqqranen akk d yigerdan; 34 seg-sent ttmeslayen-tent yimeqqranen akk d citt'ah' kan n yigerdan; 73 seg-sent qrib ala kan
d imeqqranen ay tent-yettmeslayen yernu tuget deg-sen flen i 70 n yiseggasen; ma d 5 seg-sent ad ilint ahat ass-a negrent
mad'i.
Tutlayin ur
a nettuselmad ara i yigerdan negh tid ara lemmden kan citt'ah' n yigerdan atenti deg umihi yernu a teddunt akken ad negrent.
Yugh lh'al, ala kan d 33-nni n tutlayin n terba‚t tamezwarut ayen yellan di "laman" [tid ay ttmeslayen yimeqqranen akk d yimect'ah'].
D acu kan, ula d tutlayin-a, tuget deg-sent a ttidirent ghef yiri n umihi, imi wid ay tent-yettmeslayen ttidiren gher tama
n trebba‚ yes‚an igerdan yettmeslayen taglizit [dgha zemren yigerdan-nni Ihendiyen yettmeslayen naqal tutlayt-nsen, ad tt-ddjen
u ad ughalen ad ttmeslayen taglizit]. Rnu-yas s anect-a, tirebba‚ merr'a n Yihendiyen n Temrikt n Ugafa atenti la ttwah'r'asent
akken ad ddjent tutlayin-nsent u ad ttmeslayent s teglizit yernu si ger wid yetth'ulfun s wat'as i weh'r'as-agi d tisutyin
(ledjyal) mezz'iyen. Yugh lh'al, tilibizyu akk d yisura (films) numen ttaznen-d izen (message) ay yesseb‚aden medden ghef
wazalen-nsen imensayen (valeurs tradition nelles), yernu jebbden-d ilmez'yen akken ad kecmen gher yiwen n wemd'al (monde,
univers) n yiwez'la (affaires) icebh'en ugar, yili amd'al-a ur yes‚i ara akk assagh (relation) akk d win n wegdud-nsen, win
n yeqdimen-nsen akk d wansayen-nsen.
Akken yebghu
yili, xas ma yella ass-a ah'ric meqqren si tgemmi (patrimoine) n tutlayin deg umihi ayen yella, mi ara nwali d akken at'as
n tutlayin n Yihendiyen n Temrikt ay d-yessawd'en alammi d lqern wis 21, ad nz'er d akken tirebba‚ ay tent-yettmeslayen xas
d timect'ah' maca djehdent, yernu digh, tutlayt tes‚a azal meqqren di tudert n yemdanen.
Mi ara tenger kra n tutlayt, d acu
ara d asen-yed'run i wid tt-yettmeslayen akk d yemdanen n wemd'al s umata ?
Mi ara tesr'uh'
kra n terba‚t tutlayt-is, ad tesr'uh' digh ah'ric ameqqran si tnettit-is tadelsant (identitt' culturelle). Mi ara sr'uh'en
yemdanen tutlayt-nsen, ama s lebghi-nsen negh ala, ad naf d akken dima yella wayen i ten-ih'er'sen akken ad gen aya, yernu
tikwal, wid yesr'uhu'yen tutlayt-nsen tth'ulfun d akken sr'uh'en tinettit-nsen timettit (identitt' sociale) am wakken ay tth'ulfun
d akken ttwarnan. D acu kan, maci igduden merr'a tettr'uh'u-yasen tnettit-nsen timettit mi ara sr'uh'en tutlayt-nsen; ghef
umedya, Ihendiyen Ichumashen (Chumash) n Kalifur'nya akk d yimezdaghen n tegzirt n Man [di Brit'anya Tameqqrant] xas sr'uh'en
tutlayin-nsen, ur sr'uh'en ara tinettit-nsen. Maca akken yebghu yili, tettghimi-d tutlayt d azamul idjehden n tnettit n wegdud.
Ah'ric meqqren si tudert tadelsant, taneffant (spirituelle) akk d tudert taggagt (intellectuelle) s tutlayt-nsen ay t-ttidiren
medden. Dgha, wid ay d-mazal ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen yis-s ara da‚un, yis-s ara yissinen ineqqisen-nsen (mythes), tifugliwin-nsen
(ct'rt'monies), tamedyazt-nsen (pot'sie), ccbah'a n wawal-nsen akk d wawalen-nsen akniyen (mots techniques), yernu s tutlayt-nsen
digh ara ttemzulun (se saluer), yis-s ara ttemsefraqen akk d wid h'emmlen, d ighunab-is (styles) n wawal ara sseqdacen, yis-s
ara ttqess'iren yernu yis-s ara ttmeslayen i yigerdan-nsen. S tutlayt-nsen ara zemren ad d-mmeslayen ghef tnumyin (habitudes),
ghef tt'baye‚ akk d wayen akk umi tth'ulfun. Maca ma sr'uh'en tutlayt-nsen, anect-agi merr'a ilaq ad t-beddlen akken ad d-yemyezg
akk d tutlayt-nni tamaynut ara sseqdacen syad d tasawent, dgha awalen-nni akk ay llan sseqdacen-ten deg yedles-nsen ad ten-beddlen
s wawalen nnid'en, s yimesliyen (les'wat) nnid'en akk d tjerr'umt nnid'en n tutlayt-nni ur nelli nsen, negh ma ur zmiren ara,
ad sr'uh'en kulci. Yugh lh'al, at'as n wansayen (traditions) ay yettmettaten akken kan ara temmet tutlayt, dgha imawlan-nsen
ttaddam en sakin tinumyin n wegdud-nni ay ten-yernan. Ihi, ah'raz n tutlayt yes‚a azal meqqren at'as gher wegdud, akken ad
tidir tnettit-is, akken ur inegger ara netta s timmad-is.
Si tama nnid'en,
ula d tussna (science) at'as ay tesr'uh'uy mi ara temmet kra n tutlayt. Yugh lh'al, s tutlayt ay ttemseh'fad'en yemdanen amezruy
n yegduden-nsen, dgha mi ara tenger tutlayt, tezmer ad teglu s wat'as n yisallen yes‚an azal meqqren ghef umezruy aqbur
n wegdud-nni. Nnger n tutlayin ireggel-as abrid i tussna akken ad tissin tamusni n wemdan (cognition) negh amek ilemmed yernu
yettissin lumur'. Mi ara nezrew (ad ngher) akk ayen i deg cerkent tutlayin n wemd'al merr'a, nezmer ad nissin akk ayen nezmer
ad t-id-nini s tutlayt n wemdan akk d wayen ur nezmir ara, ayen tezmer ad t-teg tutlayt n wemdan d wayen ur tezmir. Dgha anect-a
yesselmad-anegh-d at'as n tghawsiwin ghef le‚qel n wemdan akk d wamek ay zemren yigerdan ad lemden dindin yernu s tefses anagraw
(systŤme) iwe‚r'en akka am tutlayt. Dgha, simmal ttanqasent tutlayin yellan deg wemd'al, simmal ara tettanqas tmusni-nnegh
ghef le‚qel n wemdan.
I ma mmeslayen akk yemdanen yiwet
n tutlayt, ur yessishil ara wanect-a lumur' ?
Xas ma yella
llan at'as n medden deg wemd'al ay terra tmara ad lemden kra n tutlayt taghelnawt (nationale) negh tagraghlant (internationale)
[i lmend n wemsefham akk d wid ur nettmeslay ara tutlayt-nsen], anect-a ur yebghi ara d-yini d akken ilaq ad ddjen tutlayt-nsen
tayemmat, tanes'lit. Igerdan ay d-yettenkaren s snat n tutlayin negh ugar, ttughalen ssnen tutlayin-a merr'a, am yigerdan
ay d-yettenkaren kan s yiwet n tutlayt.
D acu ay izemren ad yettwaxdem
i lmend n weh'raz n tutlayin yellan deg umihi ?
Tarba‚t yebghan
ad teh'rez negh ad d-tessider tutlayt-is tes‚a at'as n yefranen (choix, options) ger n yifassen-is. Tadyant yessewhamen akk
deg usider n tutlayin tezmer ad tili d tin ay d-yed'ran akk d tutlayt ta‚ebrit (ht'breu) ay yughalen d tutlayt tayemmat n wegdud
[di lqern wis 20], mbe‚d ma tes‚edda ach'al n leqrun tettwalmad kan akken tt-uran zik-nni. Ma d tirlandit, si tama nnid'en,
yettunefk-as wazal meqqren di tsuda (institutions) akk d tsertit n Irland, imi d nettat ay d tutlayt taghelnawt n tmurt-a,
xas akken tesse‚raq-as teglizit tikli. Di Ziland Tamaynut, sbedden-d Yimaoriyen (Maoris) [imezdaghen ines'liyen n tmurt-a]
almaten n yigerdan (jardins d'enfants) i deg qeddcen yimeqqranen yessnen tutlayt tamaorit, yernu ttmeslayen-asen i yigerdan
ala kan s tutlayt-a. Imd'iqen-agi qqaren-asen s tmaorit "kohanga reo" negh "le‚cuc n tutlayt", yernu ama di Ziland Tamaynut
negh di Alaska, ama di Hawaii negh anda nnid'en, l lan wid yebdan a xeddmen akka ula i yigerdan n yigherbazen imenza akk d
kra n tesnawiyin (lyct'es). Ma di Kalifur'nya, ughalen yelmez'yen [ihendiyen] ttr'uh'un gher yilemmasen akk d yemgharen ay
d-mazal ssnen tutlayt-nsen akken ad asen-tt-slemden. Yugh lh'al ass-a, at'as n yisaragen (conft'rences), ih'una (ateliers)
n leqdic ghef tutlayin akk d yedlisen ara yett‚awanen imdanen, igherbazen akk d trebba‚ ara iqeddcen akken ad h'erzen tutlayin-nsen.
Imi at'as n
tutlayin ayen yellan deg umihi, imesnilsiyen la tta‚rad'en ad lemden akk ayen zemren fell-asent, i wakken xas ma tenger tutlayt-nni,
tamusni-yines ur tnegger ara yid-s. Dgha, wid yettnadin deg wennar kellsen-d (enregistrer) tisfifin tiz'rawiyin (cassettes
vidt'os) akk d tesfifin n tmesliwt ghef tutlayin-a, yernu ttarun-tent am wakken ay d-sseddayen tasuqilt i wayen akk ay d-kellsen.
Rnu-yas s anect-a, zerrwen digh yemnuda (chercheurs) amawal akk d yilugan (rŤgles) n tutlayin-agi yernu ttarun-asent-d imawalen
akk d tjerr'umin.
Qeddcen digh
yimesnilsiyen akk d trebba‚ ay yebghan ad h'erzent tutlayt-nsent, dgha ttaken-asent tallalt taknit (aide technique) akk d
ttawil ay h'wadjent i lmend n usselmed n tutlayt, ah'raz-yines akk d ussider-ines. Yugh lh'al, imawalen akk d tjerr'umin ay
d-ttarun s‚an tasghent (ddur') meqqren di tallalt-a. D acu kan, imesnilsiyen zemren ad ‚iwnen digh tirebba‚-agi s tarmit-nsen
(expt'rience) n usselmed akk d wezraw (t'tude) n wat'as n tutlayin. Dgha zemren ad sqedcen ayen ay d-lemden si tutlayin nnid'en
ay yellan deg umihi akken ad ‚iwnen kra n terba‚t ad teh'rez tutlayt-is, yernu zemren ad sqedcen tiknussniwin (technologie)
tineggura i lmend n weklas akk d wezraw n tutlayin.
A d-ttlalent tutlayin timaynutin deg
wemkan n tid yettmettaten ?
Ih. At'as n
tutlayin n yezmulen (signes) ay d-yennulfan di leqrun-agi i‚eddan, u gar-asent tutlayt n yezmulen tamarikanit. Tatokpisint
(Tok Pisin, nt'omt'lant'sien), tutlayt taghelnawt n Papua Ginya Tamaynut, tekka-d seg yiwet n tnerbaz't (mt'lange) n tutlayin
ay yebnan ghef teglizit akk d kra n tutlayin nnid'en. Yernu, mi ara tt‚eddin leqrun, zemrent ula d tintalyin (dialectes) n
kra n tutlayt ad nnernint alamma ughalent ula d nitenti d tutlayin i yiman-nsent, akken d-ted'ra d tentalyin n tlatinit ay
d-yefkan ass-a tafr'ensist, tat'alyanit akk d tutlayin nnid'en.
D acu kan,
ur nezmir ara ad nesnemhel (ad nqaren) tutlayin-agi timaynutin gher tgemmi (patrimoine) n tutlayin n wemd'al ayen ara ineggren.
Igiman-nni (milliers) n tutlayin ay ttmeslayen ass-a deg wemd'al, seg wasmi ay d-yebda umezruy n yemdanen ara mehhzent (t'voluer)
akken ad ilint akken llant ass-a. Yal tawacult n tutlayin tes‚a, ma cwit', 5000 n yiseggasen aya seg wasmi ay d-temsefraq
ghef tiyad', tikwal ugar n wanect-a. Ma tughal teglizit d nettat kan ay d tutlayt tawh'idt deg wemd'al, laqent-as timrawin
n yigiman (dizaines de milliers) n yiseggasen akken ad d-tefk tand'a-yagi (diversitt') tameqqrant n tutlayin yellan ass-a,
yernu akken ad d-yili wanect-a, ilaq ad d-ilint ula d tignatin-nni ay d-yellan zik deg umezruy n yemdanen akken ad-tili tand'a-yagi
yellan ass-a. Yugh lh'al, tand'a akk d tgemmi n tutlayin n wemd'al, h'wadjen-tt yemdanen s tidet di tudert-nsen, yernu ma
tr'uh', ur tezmir ad d-tettwaxlef.
Ghret daghen :
Tabrat n Yimedyazen : Utt'un 9 : Ddunit terra-tt tmara ad temmeslay kan taglizit ?
Tzemrem ad d-tafem ugar n yisallen di teghbula-yagi
:
- Davis, Wade. 1999. "Vanishing Cultures". National Geographic. 196(2).
62-89.
- Grenoble, Lenore, and Lindsay Whaley (eds.) 1998. Endangered -Languages:
Language Loss and Community Response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Robins, Robert, and Eugenius Uhlenbeck (eds.) 1992. Endangered Languages.
Oxford: Berg.
- http://www.linguistlist.org/
- Yettwakkes-d wed'ris-agi si : http://www.lsadc.org/web2/faq/faq.htm
AY AGDUD AMAZIGH ! BER'KA-K TAREWLA !
Ay agdud amazigh,
ur kkat ara iman-ik s tmesmeghrad't-yinek (universalisme) tadelsant ! Ach'al d tutlayt umi tefkid' inemyaren (penseurs), ih'eddaden
n wawal akk d yimura imeqqranen. Ach'al n tutlayin ay yugmen seg-k maci d kra !
Tefkid'-as i
tegrigit Yuba wis Sin s Caesarae-yines akk d wach'al n yemura nnid'en i yes tella tettzuxxu Cirta. Ma d talatinit, tefkid'-as
Terentius d Arnobius, Saint Augustin akk d Cyprianus akken kan ad d-nader wid ay d-yeqqimen di ccfawat n umezruy-ik ghezzifen.
Tafr'ensist tewwi seg-k I‚emr'ucen akk d Feraoun, Mouloudji d Dda Lmulud. Ma d wid-n tefkid' i ta‚r'abt, ad ne‚red' ad d-nefren
seg-sen
kra, yugh lh'al yew‚er' ad nz'er anwa ara neddem d wanwa ara neddj seg-sen, negh ala ? At'as n yismawen ara d-nemmekti
ghef tikkelt, ad asen-nanfet kan ad mdehh'asen, u qqim tura ad nferr'edj mi ara d-tt‚eddin : awennat (commentateur) Ikrima
al-Amazighi; imedyazen yecban S‚diq al-Amazighi, al-Bussiri, Madghis, akk d Ibn Brahim; imjerr'umen yecban Issa al-Jazuli,
Ibn Mu'ti az-Zawawi akk d Ibn Ajerr'um as-Sanhaji; is'ufiyen yecban Waggag, Ibn Yasin, Utumert, ach-Chadili akk d Mohamed
al-Jazuli; iminigen d yimeklunughen (gt'ograp hes) yecban Ibn 'Abdari, Hassan al-Wazzan az-Zanati d Abdallah al-'Ayyachi akk
d umesnallun (astronome), amusnak (matht'mathicien) al-Marghili; amesray (prosateur) d butebratin (t'pistolier) al-Hassan al-Yusi;
imezrayen (historiens) yecban al-Baydoo Ibn Idari, Abu Hayyan al-Gharmati al-Amazighi, al-Ifrani, Akensus akk d az-Zayani
... susem ! ...
Ur d-bedder
yiwen seg wid-n akken i yes i k-h'esden. Ur d-tluled' d imsewweq, ur tessined' ad tsewwqed'. Wamag, Ibn Xeldun ghur-k ara
d-yughal mi ara k-nezzizdeg amezruy-ik seg yilefd'an merr'a ay t-yulin. Maca mel-asen ay agdud abrid i s kra n wid umi ye‚req;
ughal-d gher tutlayt-ik ara k-yettr'adjun s ss'ber ur nes‚i tamtilt tlatalaf n yiseggasen aya. Xas tes‚edda tiswi‚in n lh'if,
mi k-twala tlehh'ud' d tucbih'in tiberr'aniyin, tez'ra d akken yiwwas, s tezmert-is d ldjehd-ines, ad tessiwed' alamma terra-k-id
ghur-s. H'emmel-itt ihi ay agdud Amazigh, tefked'-as si leh'mala-k ayen werdjin tefkid' i tiyad', yernu bedd-as i lmendad,
tnef‚ed'-tt s tegzi-yinek (intelligence) ay d-tkesbed' si leqdic-inek i lmend n wakk ayen yellan d ameghradi (universel).
(...)
Tutlayt-ik werdjin teqqim ur k-th'emmel ara. Ihi ber'ka-k
tarewla !
Yettwakkes-d si tgejdit n wutt'un amezwaru n tesghunt
"Tafsut", ay d-yeffghen di 1981, akken kan t‚edda Tefsut n 80.
Tasuqilt sghur Mes'bah' H'afid'
Arut-agh-d, gret-d tamawin-nwen, neqqar l‚eslama i s kra
n tebrat ara d agh-d-yawd'en sghur-wen.
Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen
BP 129, Poste Didouche Mourad
16006,
Alger, Algt'rie
E-mail : imedyazen89@yahoo.fr
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text:
(Tabrat sɣur Akli Azwaw) – Aɣbel-nneɣ yezmer ad yini yiwen d amur ameqqran deg tarwa n tmurt-nneɣ ur n umin ara nekni s Yezwawen d aɣref inella; ɣur-neɣ idles, amezruy d tutlayt am yal aɣref nniḍen. Aṭas n imezdaɣ n tmurt-nneɣ ur uminen ara tutlayt-nneɣ tezmer i tmusni, tezmer i tsertit, tezmer i yal taluft n tmeddurt n wass-a; tezmer ad tili d tutlayt n twuri (n lxudma).
Ar assa tutlayt-nneɣ mačči aṭas i tt-yettarun, i tt-yeqqaren. Annect-a ssebba-s tamezwarut d tasertit n udabu n tmurt n Dzayer id-yesqenṣeln ad yessenger tutlayt-nneɣ tazwawt/tamaziɣt.
D acu kan ula d nekni s yiman-nneɣ ar ass-a ur nettak ara azal i tuklal tutlayt-nneɣ akken nezmer. Ur neẓri ara d nettat i d tigejdit talemmast n yidles-nneɣ. D nettat i yizemren ad tesdakkel tarwa n tmurt-nneɣ.
Ula d yad i yessnen tira-s, yal tikkelt regglen ɣer tutlayin nniḍen, qqaren tawuri s tutlayt-nneɣ mačči ass-a. Yal tikklet ttafen-d ssebbat iwakken ur ttarun ara s tutlayt-nsen tayemmat.
Llan yad yeqqaren daɣen: Asmi ara nesɛu awanek, ass-nni a naru s tutlayt-nneɣ. Ayetmaten-a (tissetmatin-a) tettun belli tutlayt-nneɣ tezmer ad tenger war ma nessaweḍ a nesbedd kra n wass timanit neɣ awanek i tmurt-nneɣ.
Tarwa n tmurt-nneɣ am akken tennum tura ur tumin ara tutlayt-nneɣ tezmer i yal wayen iwumi zemrent tutlayin nniḍen.
Amek i yezmer weɣref ad yessali tamurt-is war tawuri s tutlayt tayemmat?
Akli Azwaw


text:
Zegga ittwagg ijjen tist i yijjen wegmam di tseḍma n Iḥudriyen n Arrif Aḥusaymi CRA, ufin dag-sen Kuruna. Wenni ig ihelken s Kuruna di kippu-ya Aḥusaymi netta isstrinar, mani x-as bellɛen di taddart-nnes. Rehrac-a isnekker fartuna di tseḍma n CRA mani iggur marra wi dag-s yellan ad ggen ijjen tist maḥend ad ssnen lehlak-a ma immutti ma lla.
Taseḍma n CRA asegg°as-a yewwi-d aṭṭas n txessura. Izemmer ad yehwa ɣer lhwat.
Aṭṭas n kippawat d timeɣrabiyin ufin dag-sen kuruna, ameknaw: Arrasing Abiḍawi, Lmuɣrib Afasi, Tamunt n Ṭanja, Lmuɣ rib Atiṭwani…
Γer ɛawed: Iḥudriyen n Arrif Aḥusaymi (CRA) ad yehwa ɣer lhewwat


text:
ssenduVB [ssendu]
battre le lait, faire du beurre
Flexions ssendussendun issenda ssendant ssenduy yessenduy tessenduḍ tessenduyemt tessendum tessendaḍ tessendamt yessendan ssenduyeɣ ssendumt nessenduy tessendu yessenduyen ssendunt tessenda yessendun ssenduyet ssendu issenduy yessendu ssenduyen tessendumt yessenda ssendan issendan tessenduyeḍ ssenduɣ tessenduyem nessendu issenduyen ssendaɣ nessenda issendun ssenduyemt ssendut tessenduy issendu ssenduyent
Sources ssendu
- J.-M. Dallet, Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français (parler des At Mengellat Algérie) , Selaf Paris, 1982


text:
Nnan di tmura anida tella tugdut, ur yettrusu ara uzaglu ɣef iɣerfan yeddren deg-sent.
Ayen yeḍran di tmurt Takaṭalant ass n 01.10.2017 yessken-d annect-a mačči d tidet. Inkaṭalanen effɣen ɣer wefran iwakken aɣref-nsen ad yesɛu tagduda am nutni am iɣerfan-nniḍen.
Adabu n Madrid netta yenna, annect-a warǧin ad yeḍru. Dɣa yessufeɣ-d tamsulta taspenyulit, teɣli ɣef Ikaṭalanen, ɣef tkaṭalanin s teɣrit, skecmen aṭas deg-sen ɣer sbiṭarat.
Uzzlen idamen n yad yettazzal s talwit ɣef izerfan-nsen.
Adabu n Madrid ur yecliɛ di tugdut, ur yecliɛ deg izerfan n weɣref akaṭalan yettazzalen s talwit iwakken ad yili d ilelli, ad yessudes tamurt-is s yiman-is, war « leɛnaya » n Madrid.
D acu kan Ikaṭalanen mačči d „la Čiči“. Ɣur-sen swacu ara ad sbedden tagduta- nsen. Ɣur-sen yakan tadsimant (timanit). Ikaṭalanen umnen s yiman-nsen d aɣref illan. Tamurt-nsen tbedd yakan ɣef tgejda n tegduda. Tutlayt-nsen d tutlayt n twuri di tmurt-nsen. Ɣur-sen awanek amnaṭ neɣ adigan.
Aɣref i yumnen s yiman-is d aɣref iyella, akken tebɣu tella tmara, kra n wass ad ireẓ azaglu, ad yessiweḍ ɣer yiswi-s. D acu kan yessefk ad yesɛu kra gar ifassen-is.
Sɣur Akli Azwaw


text:
Lligh ar ttaragh iwaliwn-ad, iwaln-inu ktarn s imttawen. Iswingimn lluzzan, ggammin ad gn tiwinas (Phrases
). Ighama gigi mayan achku, nekki d Massin Oubella ndra kra. Ur jju d nekki ad t-izran, awd ntta, ur jju yi-izra. Mach illa kra ismun-agh.
Massin, ur igi ghar iwis n Brahim Oubella, nghd ayyaw n tawja n Ayt Oubella, mach iga iwi tngh akw. Iwis n Imazighn akw inna gh llan. Massin, iga amazigh urta ilul, ig amghnas zegh ass lli gh d-ilul. Tallast-ns tella gh imawen, urd ghir gh Ugadir n Lhna, adowwar-ns lli gh ilul, ngh Tata d Ugelmim d Ugadir, timdinin lli gh izri ukaram(dossier)-ns, is akw ilkem timttin munin (UN), ig tamatart n tghnsa f izrfan n wazzan amazigh, ad yasi ism amazigh.
Nekki d masin, ndra ussan-ann, mqqar t jju ur zrigh.
Tizi lligh immatti ukaram-ns zegh lmahkama n uglmim, s listinaf gh Ugadir, iga-yi addur mqqurn, ad as-skrgh tiwlafin (photocopies
) bach ad t-kfegh i mas Ahmed Barchil, d mas Hassan Elmarjou, imstan gh Ugadir. Umzent akw dari, nnan rad skeren ma fell-asn illan. Izri mayan, tini lmahkama n Listinaf, masd Massin oubella, dars azerf ad yasi ism-ns amazigh: Massin.
Iga dari wass-ann ass mqqurn, aragh ya wmagrad (article
) gh umadal amazigh, iga s wassagh : Dat kkuz isgwasn, Massin iga unsib. Tumert-inu tmqqur bahra, tizi lligh yi-d-yuzen Massin Oubella, yat tbrat (Attestation
), ar yi-gis isnimmir f aylli s iwsgh lligh illa ukaram-ns gh listinaf. Ghiklli isnimmer akw willi yas-iwsnin.
Ghass-ad, lligh sul ur illi Massin ngratngh, nekki illa gh ul-inu, tabrat-ns lli yi-d-yuzn, tga imik gis.
Massin, han ur immut, achku iga iwis n yan umghnas mqqurn. Taghnsa-ns, tuti idrarn n Bani, tirghi n tayri-ns i tmazight tuti tirghi n tafukt gh ussan n uwilan. Massin ur immut, achku iga isli n tazzanin, iga inir n inirn, rad ighama gh unlli n ku yan. Iga tamatart n tghnsa f izrfan n tazzanin akw, d izrfan n tazzanin imazighn ad asin ismawn imazighn.
Iwaliwn-ad, righ-tn ad gin afchchad inu i Brahim Oubella, i tawja-ns mzzin, i tawja-ns mqqurn (MCA).
Urd ad tktt isgwasn ggutnin a ygan tddert, iggut ma iddern timidi n usgwas, iga zund igh immut Ur t-issn yan. Massin iddr 9 isgwasn, rad ig amghlal (eternal
) gh ulawn d tmktit n imazighn akw.
Ad ikf rebbi tazzidra i tawja n Brahim Oubella, issifsus fell-asn mayad lli d-igwran, isfalki tudert i willi gisn sulnin. Lahoucine Bouaakoubi


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Ḥafez
Xwaja Camsu ad-Din Muḥammad Hafez-e Cirazi (yettwassnen s yisem n Ḥafez - ilul deg 1325/26 deg Ciraz, Iran - yemmut deg 1389/90 deg Ciraz), d amedyaz afarsi ay yellan itteg-d isefra n wafrayen (sentiments) ed tayri.
Tamedyazt n Hafed d tin ay yessersen llsas i tmedyazt tafarsit n leqrun ay d-iḍefren. Hafez yella yessefruy ɣef tsednan yettuḥemmlen akked liman, am wakken ay yella yekkat-d deg yemdanen ay yesɛan sin wudmawen. Deg Iran, Hafez d yiwen seg yimedyazen imeqranen akk n tmurt, yerna amur ameqran seg Yiraniyen sɛan ammud-nnes n yisefra (Divan). Deg tmurt-a, medden lemmden isefra-nnes am wakken ay sseqdacen kra seg yefyar-nnes (vers) d inzan. Seg tama niḍen, aṭas n Yiraniyen ay icennun tamedyazt-nnes, yerna llan yinuẓar ay yettcebbiḥen tifelwiyin-nsen (tableaux) s kra seg yisefra-nnes. Aẓekka n Hafez, deg temdint n Ciraz, d aqeddic icebḥen deg tsegda (architecture), yerna llan aṭas n medden ay irezzun fell-as. Tamedyazt n Hafez tettussuqqel-d ɣer waṭas n yilsawen n umaḍal.


text:
Srabes n iɣallen n laman n waɣir n Lezzayer tamaneɣt d wid id ibegnen iḍelli ahad (larebea), d akken tanaɣmast Tinhinan Laeseb tin yettwanɣan taggara n yennayer yezrin, d tin ɣef id bannen tecraḍ n tyita s lmus deg tfekka-s sɣur ifassen n urgaz-is », srabes n yiɣallen n laman d wid yessersen aya deg uḥric n temnɣiwin tirebrubin mgal tilawin am wakken ttmeslayen yimdukkal-is d at twacult-is. Am wakken daɣ argaz n Tinhinan d win yessenzen iman-is, yenna d akken d netta i yeksen tarwiḥt-is. Akken kan rzan iɣallen n laman ɣer uxxam-is ufan tafekka n tnaɣmast Tinhinan ɣef lqaea d tin yeccuren d idammen, ɣer tama-s argaz-is i atteynɣan ɣef ufus-is (lmus). Win ixedmen tigawt win-t srid ɣer tesga n teɣdemt iwakken ad as-xedmen akaram.
Tafekka n lmeyyet d tin iruḥen ɣer umejjay uzzig n teɣdemt id iwekkden d akken tečča tiɣrit deg wacḥal n yimeḍqan s tyita n lmus.
Γef udem usmekti, Tinhinan Laeseb, taneɣmast deg tiliẓri taɣelnawt tis 4 (TV4), d tin d-uffan temmut deg uxxam-is taggara n yennayer. Imdukkal-is deg tɣamsa d twacult-is d wid igan turda n rebrab n tmenɣiwt mgal tilawin.
Timenɣiwt-a d tin ɣef id-yella wawal deg ttawil n uẓeṭṭa anmetti, anida tuget necden-d ɣef tuget n tmenɣiwin id yellan deg wakal aɣelnaw mgal tilawin, nnan d akken yewweḍ-d wakud anida taɣdemt ad ssers tilisa i waya.


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Aɛrav-awal yettkemmil dima ideggef* anaten-is* imaziɣen-awal am akken d imazdaren*, di yal tamnaḍt n tmurt i Tmazɣa anida d nutni i d ugut*, maca lejdud-is seknan imawlan-nsen ar ddin ineslem. Akken ad menɛan seg ucebbak n tmuḥeqranit d uzɣuzer* n waɛraven-agi, wid yeqqimen d imaziɣen, iqqim-asen-d kan ad nekren laṣel d ttutlayt-nsen, ad ffren adger-nsen* neɣ diɣen ad berreḥen d aɛraven i gan, ladɣa awal-nsen. Am akken ar waɛraven-agi n tkellax, bac ad twaqebleḍ di twacult taɛrabt, ilaq-ak a bnadema ad tettmeslayeḍ kan s taɛrab u ad teddifandiḍ tineslemt nni yaɛzizen fell-asen.
D ddin agi isen-ifkan azal ak d uẓayeṛ* ar yegduden i sxedmen ar ddin-nsen, maca tella yiwet tamaw* yewi-d ad tiwali umdan : ur yella ula yiwen seg igduden imellalen yeddan, yumnen s ddin i wumi qqaren “tineslemt”. Ma d Imaziɣen, imi ar ass-agi, mazal-iten ttwaḥeqren s tneslemt n waɛraven :
Mačči d aɛraven i ten yernan, i ten-i yɣeḍlen, maca d ddin ineslem i rran yagi i sezgen* ar laɛwayed-nsen. Amedya:
a) Iqvayliyen srusun tazart, aɣrum af iẓekwan deg ass n lɛid. Lewɛadi deg ussan nniḍen di zzyara. Takemmist n tazart agi neɣ d weɣrum i srusun af iẓekwan, mačči d lmeyyet nni ara d yekkeren deg uẓekka-as at-yečč, maca i umessebrid, ssayel*, d lmal, atg,…ara d-yewwi webrid s yenn.
Acuɣer akkagi ? Axaṭer ar Iqvayliyen laẓ ur tefferen-t medden. Amedya: illa yiwen uqvayli zik, mara d-yeffeɣ ar tejmaɛt, idehhen-d icelɣumen-is s zzit uzemmur akken as-qqaren yečča-d tisfenǧin, netta yuɣ lḥal yelluẓ, ur tufiḍ i yger s imi-s.
b) Tagi n rebɛin yum n lmeyyet, ulac itt di tneslemt, maca tella kan i Tferka taɣerbit.
c) Illa diɣen taluft n ccix n taddart, werǧin yeggar-d iman-is deg ayen yaɛnan lecɣal n taddart.
Taddart ur tesseḥdar ara ccix deg unejmaɛ, seḥdaren-t kan deg ayen yaɛnan : lqerḥ neɣ lferḥ n taddart. Maɛna, sebba n wanect-agi segmi Imaziɣen ɣlin deg tcerkett n imnekcem aɛrav u seg imiren mačči refden-d iman-nsen seg anbaz* n Banu Hilal: nummen tafrirt*a wacḥal n lleqrun. Nezmer seg ayagi a nessesmel*ar: “yiriten icebḥanen ineggura” deg dunnit. Wammag, ini-tiyi amek ara qeblen takemmict igebliwen i d-yussan si Taɛrabt Tasɛudit di lqern VIII.
Amawal:
tihray: termes/akasan: haine/ideggef: traiter/anaten: compatriotes
agut: majoritaire/azɣuzer: racisme/imazdaren: inferieurs/adger: origine/uzɣuzer: racisme/aẓayeṛ: statut/tamawt: remarque/sezgen: adapter
ssayel: mendiant/anbaz: invasion/tafrirt: domination/nessesmel: classer/udmis: economique/tenfaliyin: expressions/tizɣunzar: racistes/tabdart: liste
utiknuluji: technologie/sɣermen: civiliser/ifran: grottes./amdal: monde
Hand Berkouk


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-Tullist-
Sɣur Racid Tiɣilt.
2- AḤRIC WIS SIN
Ulamma tḥar nna Melluga ad tekcem s axxam, tezwar-itt tixsi-s yeddrebzen s adaynin ma yella kra a teelef. Taf-n lmedwed yesrara. Dɣa, seg wakken i tt-id-yeskabbeḥ laẓ di lexla, terra-tt i wesbeebee armi tebbeḥbeḥ.
Nna Melluga yeffeɣ-itt leeqel. Tekka di leqlala. Lid-is ɣer tixsi yessumlen ddunnit, lid-is ɣer wemɣar-is umi tesla yesgeḥguḥ di tɣurfeţ. Tenna hha, temmeɣ ɣef yirin usaɣur teǧǧa ɣef yiri n teerict.Tejbed-d seg-s amres uǧaǧǧag, tdeffes-it ɣer lmedwed. Tedda-yas di llza i tixsi sisebda ara d-telti d dda Ḥemmu. Sakin tsureg-as azal n tkeckult n temẓin tsḥet dindin tixsi d asḥat. Almi i tufes axenfuc-is deg usaɣur, tebda tesnuffuẓ, i d wamek d-ters talwit.
Segmi i d-yesla dda Ḥemmu i temɣart-is la tesdeḥwil, yella netta d asenneḥneḥ. Tin tegza. Tuli tiseddarin tin di tin. Tekcem ɣur-s. Eerqen-as imeslayen. Ur teẓri awal ad tezzwer wala win a tesseggri: Ad t-testeqqsi amek yella d wacu yebɣa neɣ ad as-tales tadyant-nni i tt-id-yesnejlan si lexla? Tuɣal tenna-yas:
“I tusut-nni, eni tugi ad ak-tebru?
Dda Ḥemmu, ula mi ara t-yekref waṭan deg wusu, a meezza-s ad yettihi cwiṭ fell-as. Yerra-yas:
– Tebra ar am kem, tugi yakk a yi-tebru!
– Ad ak-bruɣ? D taqqriḥt-ik! Ssefraḥ din ul-ik ihi!
– Tufiḍ-tt tugiḍ-tt a taqqriḥt-iw!
Dda Ḥemmu yekkeekee d taḍsa, dɣa ileqqem-d tusut-nni a yesṭiqqfen deg-s nnefs.
– Ccah! Ad tceefeḍ taḍsa di twaɣit! Ageḥguḥ am win yerna yefna-k-id ueekki.
– Tikkelt-a atan eni ad teglu yis-i.
– Xic!
– Hmm! Ur ixic wara. Kem awi-d ukan ad tertiḥeḍ seg-i, meqqar ad taɣeḍ ilemẓi a m-d-yesseggrin liser a tafjiet-im.
– Aha tura! Sfillet i wayen yelhan.
– Awer tawḍeḍ asmi ara kem-id-iṣaḥ! Ula d leḥnak-im, am tdemrucin-im, ɣlin am imelluga at uledda a Melluga.
– Eni ur twalaḍ ara iman-ik a bu ccemma?! Anef-aɣ tura si tigi. Iḥeqqa ! Teswiḍ ciṭ n zzit neɣ uhu ?
– Ḥala tin i yi-d-yeqqimen! Twet-iyi tmaggirt seg wemcaḥ n zzit itezzin ɣef wul-iw. Ttemeuqquɣ-d, yerna qessiḥet.
– Ur tt-tsumaḍ ara yakk. Akken tt-ǧǧiɣ tegdurt n zzit i tt-id-ufiɣ. I sakin amek ara k-teeddi tusut-nni a bu ugernin? Ula d tiḥdert-agi n tament mačči tennuleḍ-tt!
– Bbiɣ-d seg-s abruy linna. Eni s tawant?
– Teum-ak ccemma! Ihi sfegrurum kan aɣrum aḥerfi ar d icae deg-k wazi. I d i-yuɣen ur d iyi-rzi!
– Ih! Tura ad lettḥeɣ kan zzit, ad meččḥeḥ tament, amzun baṭel i tent-id-nessas!
– Cuḥ, ifukk; jbed, yeqqers! Awi-d kan ad teḥluḍ. Ula d aeessas n wurti yejjem-ik imi ur terziḍ ara fell-as ussan-a.
– Ata dɣa tesmektaḍ-iyi-d! Ayen akka zik i d-terriḍ agelzim s axxam ass-a? Ad iniɣ tḥareḍ-d ɣer-i a yi-tesserwuḍ tiḥdaddutin iwakken ad ḥluɣ?
Nna Melluga tessusem. Ad as-tini, abbuh; ad teqqim, abbuh.
– Eni teqqneḍ lḥenni i yimi-m tura?
– Ma qqneɣ-as lḥenni i taklit, dɣa lasel n baba n waklan, ur d iyi-d-fkin ara At Buledda!
– Taklit?!
– Susem kan!
– D kem i yessusmen; daymi i m-n-nniɣ, ewni teqqneḍ-as lḥenni i yimi-m. Kem tneggzeḍ si tḍebbujt ɣer tulmuţ. D acu ara d-yawin taklit ɣur-m? Eni d teryel n yeɣẓer i d-yeffɣen ɣer-m a kem-tẓer?
Nna Melluga tesscex kan deg-s mi d-yekkes ccemma, yesfeḍ iḍudan-is s usu. Yenna-yas:
– Ahat d awaɣzniw i n-tufiḍ deg wurti, yesqerqer-ikem-id almi i m-d-yeereq webrid s axxam?
– D taklit i n-ufiɣ, mačči d teryel mačči d waɣzen. Yerna d baba-k i yi-d-yesɣalwen ad as-qqneɣ lḥenni deg yiɣzer.
– Ayhuh! La teshetrifeḍ a tin! D acu i la tesfuǧǧuɣeḍ akka? Eni yesṭeglelli-kem-id yiṭij neɣ d tibbehbit i kem-id-yennulfan?
– Ur bbehbaɣ, ur ṭṭeglelliɣ. Ẓriɣ akka ur d iyi-tettamneḍ ara.
– Ur gziɣ tabruyt. Aha ziɣ fak-iten-id! Ur stufaɣ ara i temseeraq.
– Lliɣ leqqḍeɣ iniɣman la hemmu la ɣemmu, ferrneɣ imelluga i ḥemmu-k, almi wwḍeɣ ɣer 3 tmeɣrusin-nni n wadda, tidak-nni yeẓẓa wemɣar-iw ɣer tama n webrid, nnig leinser, dɣa ufiɣ-tent-in ttwaleqqḍent yakan.
– Tidak-nni yeẓẓa baba? Yak tineqqlin-nni mačči zik i ssenṭayen iwakken ad d-sseɣlint iniɣman si tura!
– Wwah ula d kečč! D acu ara tent-yeǧǧen ar akkaḍani?! Ahat eeddant snat tqecwula i d-fkant.
– Amek i teẓriḍ, ma yella ttwaleqḍent neɣ ttwakrent?
– Ur ttwakrent, ur tent-yuɣ ur tent-yebli. Ufiɣ-n iniɣman-nsent yejmee-iten baba-k d tieemmurin.
– Atan daɣen srint-as tundar i wallaɣ-im. Xerben-am wulman! Ansi a n-yekk baba s urti?! Argaz ahat rkant ula d tuɣmas-is deg uẓekka. Imahat d aeessas n wurti i tɣaḍeḍ, iquma-kem-id cwiṭ.
– Ieessasen, ɣas llan, werǧin ten-twalaɣ; yerna ur d-ggaren ara afus di tigi. Ttqamin-aɣ akken nniḍen. Tteassan, tḥaraben ɣef wayla n bab-is. D baba-k a ten-ileqqḍen i k-nniɣ.
– I baba, eni twalaḍ-t?
– Walaɣ-t ih, am wakka i la n-ttwaliɣ deg-k. Tuɣ-it di tlemmast n wegraw d-yezzin i taklit umi ttcebbiḥen ad teddu d tislit. Nutni lsan yakk ibrenyas imellalen; ma d netta, d abernus n luber i yelsa. Walaɣ-t mi s-yesberber i taklit ieenncen ɣef tqermeţ-nni n tasaft d-yegrarben seg weḥriq udurnu. Simi i yi-d-yeẓra, yesɣallew-iyi-d iwakken a yi-d-yesseneet tirac-nni n tazert yegg°ej ddaw leǧdari n tneqqlin.
– Yyaaah!
– Assa leemer d-ḍrint ihi?! Eni d yiwet neɣ snat i n-yettafen agraw yeemer di lexla ! Wi s-yennan lexla yexla, i yexlan d axxam-is.
– Rniɣ kem yettamneḍ s tigi i leemer-iw! Ziɣ tefruriḍ akk!
– S yixef n Baḥi-nni tesserwel tmurt-agi itetten arraw-is armi i iweddef aqerru-s ɣer win n Fransa ur yezwiǧ, ar d tideţ i la k-n-ttalseɣ!
– Yella kra i m-d-yenna ihi?
– Anwa? Baḥi?
– Baba, ah! Yak tenniḍ-d d baba i n-tufiḍ deg yiɣzer, mačči d Baḥi. Baḥi ha-t di Lpari yerwa lwiski d ucali, yettu taddart yettu urti.
– Ih, d amɣar-iw. D baba-k i d-ltiɣ ula d nekk.
– D acu i m-d-yenna ihi?
– Yenna-yi-d, yya-d cucef-as i teslit-agi-inem skud ur yeẓqif umizab n leinser iwakken ad as-teqqneḍ lḥenni. Dɣa ṭṭfeɣ-tt-id feelayen d iḍarren; rewleɣ-d syen…
– I widak-nni yellan dinna, eemren agraw ɣef taklit, teeqqleḍ-ten meqqar?
– Agraw, ddeqs-is.Waeeqqleɣ-t, wa wwiɣ kan ccbiha-s.
– Anwi i teeqqleḍ?
– Mer a k-n-iniɣ anwiwi, ur d iyi-tettamneḍ ara daɣen. Mmuten yakk.
– Ihi d taquffeţ at laxert i kem-id-iɣufrena nnegḥ-im! Ardemmani ad ten-testeqqsiḍ amek i tga laxert! Kemmi trewleḍ-d d tarewla. Tečča-kem tugdi.Nnaɣ a yelli d tikli a m-ncudd taYesmart!
– Ur d i-teeniḍ! Nekk fell-ak i yugadeɣ. Acḥal aya tserdeḍ deg wusu. Ugadeɣ yibb°ass ad ak-kkseɣ tasumta mi ara a k-id-afeɣ yeqqur ufus yerna uḍar.
– Nniɣ-am, tigi d timucuha uzal! Yerwi-kem uhawrir n mmi-m almi turnaneḍ.
– N wacu ahawrir?
– Ahawrir n tmeɣra n mimmi-m. Teḍra-tt yid-m am weɣyul-nni ara twet lmeɣla.
– Ur gziɣ ttren.
– Nniɣ-am, d aseqḍiḍ-nni i tseqqḍeḍ imi ur d as-d-tewwiḍ ara yelli-s n weltma-m i Baḥi qbel ad yinig, i tewwiḍ d aɣbel deg wul-im armi la tettarguḍ tameɣra n tissulya-s deg uzal qayli.
– A s-neg d imessiḥ, sxurruḍeɣ neɣ seg uqerruy-iw i la k-tent-id-kkateɣ tigi n taklit akk d baba-k; i teemmurin-nni n tazert? Amek armi i tent-in-ufiɣ din? Ur d iyi-d-qqar ara d iniɣman d-yeɣlin i yennejmaeen i yiman-nsen am igelfan n tzizwa!
– Ahat d afus-im i ten-ileqḍen war ma tewwiḍ-d s lexbar, imi ula d aqerru-m yunag; yedda d Baḥi ɣer Lpari almi i kem-id-tebda tatut n tisselbi.
– Ẓriɣ akka a yi-d-tiniḍ. Mer yettmeslay lmal agugam am zik, yalli ad d-tenṭeq tixsi-inna deg udaynin. Greɣ-as tamawt mi n-teṭṭuccen s iɣẓer yerna tekkat taqejjirt-is ɣer lqaeea am wakken a tesriḥ uccen.
Dda Ḥemmu iḥemmel ad yessetwer tuẓẓal ueekki. Yeṭṭef, yeṭṭef; yuɣal yeṭṭerḍeq d taḍsa.
– I tiniḍ-d akka ɣur-m inigi! Ihi, eass-itt kan, tura ad d-tesbeebee tixsi-m s trumit.
Weread d-ifuk awal, tixsi tenna-d beeeeeeeee!
– D acu i yak-nniɣ?! Tesliḍ-as?
– Nniɣ-am, tigi d tibyannutin uwerei! Ma mačči ead d awezɣi. Eeddi ad tesgunfuḍ cwiṭ ɣef yiman-im, ad yili ur kem-yeǧǧi ara waḍu-nni n yiḍ izeryen ad tsemdeḍ tanafa.
– D tideţ, segmi i yi-d-yessaki waḍu mačči medleɣ tiṭ-iw. Daɣnetta aql-i serfeɣ.
– Lḥasun ɣur-m anda i tettuɣaleḍ ad tecrurdeḍ s urti ma ur ddiɣ ara yid-m a tasekkurt-iw.
– Ẓer ihi anwa ara ɣ-d-yessalin tiɣbirt-nni ɣer Tmazirt. Ma ur tezmireḍ ara ad teffɣeḍ, ad ḥelleɣ Messee a s-tini i gma-k. Fiḥel ma yettwajeggeḥ wannecten n tazert, ladɣa ma bdan-d iberbuṛen n lexrif…
– S uqerru-m ar d iyi-teslaẓ tmacahuţ-agi-inem. La sqejwiwen iẓerman-iw si laẓ. Yecqa-kem ihi a tisirimt-iw, edel-iyi-d ciṭ imekli.
Nna Melluga tuder-d si tɣurfeţ ad as-terki tifeḍreqt n tcebb°aṭ ad yesseḥmu yis-s taeebbuṭ-is. Dda Ḥemmu yesseḍfer-as tamuqilt i temɣart-is mi tekka seg yimi n tewwurt. Yeṭṭef amayeg-is, yesnuzgum. Yeẓẓa allen-is deg wemnar. Yezzer di tmuɣli-s.Yettu tusut-nni-ines, yettu ka t-yerḥan. Yerza-d fell-as wayen i tent-yugaren. Seg yimiren yuḍen aɣbel n tmeddit-is ugar. Yettḥebbir kan amek ara teḍru yid-s ma tettehteh temɣart-is, imi d nettat iɣef ibedd wexxam-is. Amek ara ṭṭfen yejga, ma teɣli tecraft neɣ rkant tgejda-s? Yeqqar-as kan: “Awer d-ggriɣ deffir-m a tagerrujt-iw! Ma teɣliḍ neɣ tezwareḍ-iyi s anda a naweḍ, ad i-yawi wasif d asawen; wamma d akessar, yewwi yakk medden.”


text:
RACHAD, tugi ad tekfu tixenanasin-is imi mazal tettmeslay s yisem n uɣref aqbayli, imi yiwen deg wemraḥ n république di Lpari anda yettili unejmuɛ yal lḥedd iwakken ad kemmlen amussi n Lḥirak, yeddem yiwen usenslem amikru yenna-d belli iqbayliyen irefden slaḥ mgal isenselmen n FIS d iḥerkiyen, rna yessaɣzef iles-is, yenna-d aken mas Saɛid Saɛdi ittekki deg tmenɣiwt n ucennay aqbayli mass Meɛtub Lunes, anect-a ur yezmir ad t-yeqbel umdan imi amussu n Racad issemras izamulen n tmurt taqbaylit i wakken ad iwwet aqbayli s wayeḍ, anect-a ilaq ad newwet seg-s s leqseḥ. Rnu ɣef akka, Amir dz yura-d deg usebter-ines Facebook aken yefreḥ imi izayriyen akk ad mlilen di Xerraṭa, rnu yufa-asen-d akk anda ad nsen. Amek id-asen-d-yufa netta mačči n dinna ? Anect-a yeskan-d belli Amir dz d imeddukal-is n Racad sɛan gren iẓuran di tmurt taqbaylit.
Tewweḍ-d teswiḥt anda iqbayliyen ilaq ad akin, ad wten s leqseḥ deg umussu agi n Racad, ur ten-ttaǧan ara ad ttimeslayen s yisem awen-nse wa ad ten-semmrasen deg umennɣ-nsen, acku Racad bɣan nger tmurt taqbaylit wa ad terren ddaw uḍar-nsen ddaw uḍar n tineslemt.


text:
Ma tfekkred ca n twalat di min ixes ad yini iles ? Niɣ min ixes ad yini iles i marra iwdan ? Amessniles Noam Chomsky iqqar ila aṭṭas n midden ttwalan belli “iles yalleh d tabridt n wemsawaḍ jar iwdan, senni ffɣen-d aṭṭas n yelsawen i ɣa ixdmen ddegg-a n lxedmet n wemsawaḍ”, maca manaya d fayyu.
S tidett, nesxeddam iles bac a nemsawaḍ jar-aneɣ, manaya d ijjen lfaydet d tameqqrant i neccin, maca qa amsawaḍ waha maci d ayenni min isfarrazen yiles. Ilsawen, amec yeqqar Chomsky, “d tabridt i zi d-nemmal ixarrisen-nneɣ, nxelleq-iten-d ԑawed”. Ittsemma asexdem n ca n yiles (am Tmaziɣt) ittejja later di tebridt i zi nbenna ixarrisen-nneɣ, ddegg-a itaf tili-nnes di tilawt-nneɣ (notre réalité) nican.
Taselmadt n tesnilest di tesdawit n California Lera Boroditsky tettwala ila amsebḍi di tebridin n uxarres zi bnadem ɣer wenniḍen ittԑeqqab ɣer yiles i zi nessawal, tetterra taynit ila qa deg umaḍal-a ass-a ɣer-neɣ ca n 7000 n yelsawen, kul ijjen zzag-sen ittawi tabridt-nnes imsebḍan deg uxarres d mamec nettwala timeslayin.
Tettawi-d ijjen umknaw xenni teqqar ila azgen ameqqran n yelsawen i yeddren tteqqnen imniden (les orientations) n unhezzi ɣer arrimet n bnadem. Mala ca n ijjen isseqsa-cek x spiṭar i yudsen ad as-tinid : “a t-tafed x yeffus-nnec”. Cek s wawal-a texsed a tinid ila spiṭar aqqa-t x ufus afusi n bnadem-nni.
Maca qa din ilsawen-nniḍen, ameknaw iles n imezdaɣ imezwura deg Ustraliya, sscanen imniden di kulci, la d ameẓẓyan la d ameqqran, s rebԑa n yemniden ijyugrafiyen ittwassnen. Ca n ijjen zzag-sen izemmer ad yini: “xzar! qa din ijjen uqquԑ ittbuԑ x uḍar-nnec afusi”, s minzi agdud-a issawal ammu, xenni a tafed ula d iḥenjiren-nnsen ssnen mliḥ ibriden d imniden bla ma ad ggen ca n tzemmar, maca mala tesseqsid ḥedd cek x mani illa ẓelmeḍ-usammer xenni ixess-icek ca n tbusalt (boussole).
Waxxa manaya ittban-d axmi yegg°ej cwayt x tidett d tilawet, maca yallah a d-nawi ijjen tewriqt n trezzut d tasebḥant ixdem x-as Umarikani Keith Chen deg useggas n 2013 di tesdawit n Yale Tamrikant, issawal dag-s x mamec iles izemmer ad yejj later maci x tebridt n lmaԑica n yewdan waha maca ula deg ikunumi n tmura.
Deg umezwaru Chen ibeṭṭa jar tnayen n markat n yelsawen: ilsawen imezwura d inni n “yimal”, ittsemma d ilsawen ibeṭṭan ayt bab-nnsen deg wawal-nnsen jar “yiḍ-a” d “yimal”, qqaren “tiwecca, ad raḥeɣ ad ẓureɣ yemma”. Zeg yilsawen-a nettaf Tangelizt, Tagrikt, Taṭalyant d Trusit.
Marka tis tnayen d ilsawen i di wer yelli “yimal”, d yelsawen issawalen ayt bab-nnsen x yimal s umilan (au présent) am Talimant, Tafinlandit, Tacinwit; neqqar “ttzureɣ yemma, tiwecca”.
Ddegg-a n ubeṭṭu ameẓẓyan di mamec ttrakkaben tiwinas (les phrases) jar ijjen yiles d wenniḍen, ittejja later-nnes di tebridin n tudert jar midden d twacunin. Alaḥsab tɣuri-ya, iwdan isxinctaren ttmenyat aṭṭas aqqa-ten di tmura-nni i wer issiwilen ca s “imal” kṭer zi tmura mani ssawalen ilsawen i di yella “imal”. Manaya nettwala-t ula deg ikunumi n tmura-ya.
Nettaf ila tiwacunin i yemserwasen di mamec ttԑicen di tmura-nni, ittakk°aḍ usxinctar-nnsent ar 30% mala ssawalent s ijjen yiles i di wer yelli bu “yimal”.
Yettwala Chen ila mala tessawaled x “yimal” lebda s umilan ataf xenni a tessned ila qa “yimal yella” am “yiḍ-a”. S uya iggur ad dag-s tfekkred kṭer zi bnadem-nni ibeṭṭan jar “umilan” d “yimal”. Ameggaru-ya, itteqsiḥ x-as ad ifekker deg “yimal” am “umilan”, s uya itteqsiḥ x-as ad ismeḥ di ca n leḥwayej deg “yiḍ-a” bac a tent-isxinctar i “yimal”, minzi ameggaru-ya wer yeḥḍir ca aṭṭas deg walli-nnes.
Tirezzutin n Chen wer beddent ca n ikunumi waha, maca iwweḍ ad yaf ijen tɣuni jar tnayen-a n wanawen n uxarres i d-itteffɣen zeg yiles aked tinamitin i yecnin.
Nettaf inni ig isxeddamen iles bla “yimal” tteggen arryaḍa kṭer zeg inni isxeddamen iles dag-s “yimal”. Minzi bac ad ittrinar, ittili iqqseḥ deg “yiḍ-a” ḥma ad yaf ijjen seḥḥet tecna deg “yimal”.
Mala neqqen mayen inna Chen ɣer tameslayt n ikunumi. A naf timura i zi ssawalen ayt bab-nnsen ilsawen wer sxeddimen bu “yimal”, d yina i yeggin tizemmar d timeqqranin deg yikunumi, s uya, deg yimal iggur ad inint awal-nnsent.