text:
Aljiber
Aljiber neɣ Aljiber d amur ger imuren n tusnakt ig zerwen s tugett tiskiwin tiljibriyin (structures algébriques), am tefekka deg Aljiber (corps en algèbre).
Agbur
Aẓar n wawal[beddel]
D awal id yussan deg tutlayt n taɛrabt el-ǧabr(الجبر),
Amezruy[beddel]
Deg teglest (à l'antiquité)[beddel]
Aljiber yettwa seqdec yakan deg akud n iferɛunen, snen ad'd affen tifrat i temesmatt (équation) s yiwet neɣ snat n te fesniwin.
A maḍal n w'aɛraben akk d ye nselmen[beddel]
Aljiber yekk'd deg taɛrabt al-ǧabr, yuqal algebra s te latinit, anamek is yezzi ugar ɣer A sdakel(la reunion) n i ceqqfan, neɣ tuqqna (la connexion). Akken daɣen ig wwi i numak(sens) nniḍen deg tutlayin nniḍen.
D'awal ig llan ger w'awalen i mezwura i sqedcen s tutlayt taɛrabt, adlis id yessufeɣ el-Khwarizmi isemma-y-as al-ǧabr wa el mouqabalah, izrew dges aṭṭas n te nzeggit , i wumi ass agi leqdic ines nessemlal it ugar ɣer te nzeggit taljibrit.
Yiwet tikkelt Leonard de Pise i win mi qqaren Fibonacci yerza ɣer te friqt n we gafa, ira(aimer) amek ttarun i zwilen deg tama agi n we maḍal, deg imir yesseqdac i zwilen akini, yerna yewwiten id ɣer europa.
Timidi tis XVI (XVI siecle)[beddel]
Aljiber A trar (algèbre Moderne)[beddel]
Muqel daɣen[beddel]
- Tusnakt (mathématique)
- A sebrurez (analyse)
- Ta nzeggit (géométrie)
- Tiskiwin tiljibriyin (structures algébriques)
- Aljiber A jerrad(algèbre linéaire)
- Aljiber n Boole (algèbre de Boole)


c: text/html

text:
Ǧerba
Ǧerba d tagzirt, di tama n Gabes azɣar deg teftist n Tunes.
Aglam[beddel]
Ǧerba ɣur-es anezwi alegɣan adeg nufa akal d acebḥan. "Tamaneɣt"-ines d Ḥumt Ṣuq anda zedɣen ugar n 65 000 n yemdanen. Tella aṭas n tamerrit deg tagzirt-a, acku tiftisin d yiṭij n tegzirt d tiɣerfranin s aṭas i yemerrayen seg akk n Turuft i d-yusan (Franṣa, Alman, Ṭelyan). Yerna surrten usaru amzewaru n saga n Star Wars di Ǧerba (S tmaziɣt : Ṭrad n Yetran) deg useggas n 1977.
Di tagara, nezmer ad negra tamawt belli deg tegzirt n Ǧerba llan ineselmen n ɛibadiya akwd kra n wudayen dinna.
Tamaziɣt di Ǧerba[beddel]
Iɣerman d tudrin[beddel]
- Ḥumt Ssuq
- Midun
- Ajim neɣ Aǧim
- Iqellalen
- Ifammen (Fahmin)
- Tlet
- Azdyuc
- Ɣizen
- Meẓraya
- Warsiɣen neɣ Ursiɣen
- Elmay (At Alemmay)
- Sedɣiyan
- Walaɣ
- At Maɛgel (Bni Maɛgel)
- Tawrit
- Maḥbubin
- At Diss (Bni Diss)
- Mellita (Imelliten)
- Rbanna
- Erryaḍ

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
- #include
-
- int main()
- {
- int testcases;
- int flag,s;
- scanf("%d\n",&testcases);
- if(testcases<=100)
- {
- while(testcases--)
- {
- flag=1;
- s=0;
- int amount,n,diff;
- scanf("%d%d\n",&n,&amount);
- if(n<=20)
- {
- int arr[n];
- for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
- {
- scanf("%d\n",&arr[i]);
- if(arr[i]==amount)
- {
- printf("Yes");
- break;
- }
- }
- for (int j = 0; j < (n - 1); ++j)
- {
- for (int k= 0; k < n - 1 - j; ++k )
- {
- if (arr[k] < arr[k+1])
- {
- int temp = arr[k+1];
- arr[k+1] = arr[k];
- arr[k] = temp;
- }
- }
- }
- diff=amount;
- while(flag)
- {
- for(int m=0;m<n;m++)
- {
- if(arr[m]<=diff)
- {
- diff=diff-arr[m];
- if(diff==0)
- {
- printf("Yes\n");
- s=1;
- break;
- }
- arr[m]=0;
-
- }
-
-
- }
- if(s==0)
- {
- printf("No\n");
- flag=0;
- }
- }
-
- }
- }
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
-
-
-
5 3 3 1 1 1 5 11 1 2 4 8 16 5 23 1 2 4 8 16 5 13 1 5 5 10 10 20 132 17 6 4 998 254 137 259 153 154 3 28 19 123 542 857 23 687 35 99 999
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 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Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes


text:
S tumer meqqren ara nerr ger yifassen-nwen, yerna baṭṭel, ahil asenselkim amenzu, neɣ asnas (application) Androïd, d tunṭict n yiwen umawal amaziɣ deg tilifun-nwen n ufus.
Asnas-a igerrzen, zemren ad ad as-ččen nnfeɛ ama imezɣawalen neɣ wid i iran ad lemden tutlayt tamaziɣt. Nga-t-id i kunwi anda deg-s ugar n 35000 n wawalen n tmaziɣt akken yinumak-nsen s tefṛansist, d awalen i d-nelqeḍ seg yimawalen i nesexdam aṭas am umawal n Dda Lmulud At Mɛemmeṛ, amawal n Jean-Marie Dallet, amawal ameɣradan n A. Idris akked R. Madi, Ccix-iw, atg.
Agrudem-is (interface) ifulkin ad ken-yeǧǧ ad tmerḥem deg tutlayt ɣer tayeḍ s shala, akken diɣen i tzemrem ad tfernem isekkilen n tmaziɣt i tebɣam ad ten-sqedcem ama d Tifinɣ neɣ d asekkil alatini. Yenra ɣur-wen ttawil akken ad d-nadim awal iɣef tettḥufum neɣ ad t-bḍum akked yemddukal-nwen deg uzeṭṭa n tmetti deg Internet am Skype, Facebook, atg. D ayen ara ken-yeǧǧen ad tesnernim tamawalt-nwen deg tmaziɣt ad tuɣal d tamerkantit.
Ad tafem diɣen ttawil am rnu ɣer tḥawact-ik akked d wefran n tsefsa (police) n tifinaɣ i ken-iɛeǧben d usemɣer n tiddi-nsent akken ad tent-ferẓem akken ilaq.
Ad d-nesmekti d akken asnan-a d tawaffɣa-s tamenzut kan, ad d-ḍefren wudmawen nniḍen igerrzen ugar deg wussan i d-iteddun. Yerna seg tura yakan ara nxeddem akken ad t-nesnefli i tmacinin nniḍen am iPhone akked uselkim. Ihi, nettkel fell-awen akken ad aɣ-d-aznem iwenniten d yisumar-nwen (suggestion) akken ad as-nwenneɛ ugar i wudmawen i d-iteddun.
Yeqqim-awen-d kan ad tzedmem asnas-a deg uzeṭṭa n Internet, yerna baṭṭel. Seg tama nniḍen, nettkel diɣen fell-awen ad tefkem afus s tedrimt akken ad tifsus fell-aɣ teɛkkemt i wahilen isenselkimen ara nesbedd i tmaziɣt deg wugguren i d-iteddun.


text:
Tiregwa, Tanmiregt Takanadit i Tmaziɣt, tḥegga-d yiwet n tmaɣra akked ucennay, anaẓur aqbayli Ɛli Ɛemran, ass n 03 deg unbir id d-iteddun ɣef 19h00 deg “ Théâtre Chateau” id d-yezgan deg 6956 Rue St-Denis, Montréal. Métro, JEAN TALON.
Tadrimt akk ara ad d-jemɛen seg tmaɣra yagi ad tt-sxedmen deg isenfaren akk id d-heggan, ama d snarni n tmaziɣt tutlayt akked yidles ( Tasekla, tasnilsit, taẓuri, tusna…atg ) deg temnaḍin n Kanada akked tmura nniḍen, ladɣa di tmazɣa sumata .) neɣ d timerna ara rnun cbaḥa n yedles aqbayli, ɣer idelsan akk yernan ccan i tmurt agi n Kanada.
Leqdic ur yeḥbis ara kan d-agi, yettkemmil s isurag, d tejmilin ara rr-en i yirgazen akked tilawin n yedles d tusna.
I waken ad tesɛum tikti ɣef leqdic ara d yilin tzemrem ad terzzum ɣer wesmel


text:
إلتحق بالمنتدى الجديد من هنـا
إلتحق بالمنتدى الجديد من هنـا
Tanga : Tamaziɤt
Tanzagt : 1.30’
Amur amezwaru n yirem (ɤef 12 n tneqqiḍin)
A- Aḍris :
Ad yers yirem ɤef yiwen n uḍris n kra n umaru yettwassnen. Aḍris-nni ad yili d ullis ideg zemrent ad d-ilint tewsatin n yinawen i yellan deg yihallen n ulmud alemmas; ad yeseu azal n 250 n wawalen.
B- Tigzi n uḍris (ɤef 6 n tneqqiḍin)
Ad tbedd ɤef tɤawsiwin-a :
1. tameskiwt n wullis : tazwara, ineḍruyen, taggara;
2. tazḍawt n uḍris d warruz gar tefyar;
3. iwudam d temlilt-nsen;
4. asentel agejdan;
5. amawal.
C- Iferdisen n tutlayt (ɤef 6 n tneqqiḍin)
1. ilugan n tira;
2. tajerrumt, taseddast.
Amur wis-sin n yirem (ɤef 8 n tneqqiḍin)
Da, amazwar ad d-ifares kra n wullis ilan assaɤ d uḍris n ukayad. Deg-s, ad yessemres ayen yelmed ama deg tutlayt ama deg teywalt.
Amedya
Aḍris : Tazdemt n llyali
Yiwen n wass, imezdaɤ n yiwet n taddart ffɤen ɤer teẓgi ad d-zedmen. Tagrest n useggas-nni izad deg-s usemmiḍ. Zik zik ay ffɤen seg taddart ; ṭṭbel ansi i k-yehwa ad as-d-tesleḍ, iɤerrez akken ilaq ; iṭij yebda-d asṭenṭen, yessaɤ tamurt.
Mmɤen wat taddart-nni armi d tiẓgi n lewḥuc ; zedmen armi eyan, acemma ur ten-id-ilueej.Tiẓgi tuɤal amzun d ayla-nsen. Akken armi yebda izeggen uzizwu. Azdam, ameslay, anecreḥ, ṭṭbel d lɤiḍa.
Mi yebda ifennu uzizwu, cwiṭ kan la yettibrik yigenni. Tereed, tebreq, d icercuren i d-iɤellin. At taddart nnan-as : « Dayen i wass-a, icaḍ-aɤ ! ». Ɛebban ayen i d-zedmen, enan abrid n tuɤalin.
A-ten-id teddem-iten tergagayt : armi lḥan amecwar, ṭṭbel yellexs akk, kkaten deg-s rennun, dayen yeggugem maḍi. Lɤiḍa daɤen tebzeg-asen, tebbeḥbeḥ. Akken walan tagnit teḥres, serrḥen-as i tikli : d aɤiwel. Urǧan lewḥuc ad d-slen i zzhir, ulac. Urǧan, ulac. Walan teggugem terbaet. Uɤalen ɤlin-d fell-asen. Snegren-ten.
Seg wass-nni i d-yeqqim wawal : « Tazdemt mačči deg llyali . Tazdemt deg unebdu. Yettheyyi unebdu i llyali ».
A. MEZDAD, Iḍ d wass, 97.
A- TIGZI N UḌRIS
1. Ayen i wwin yid-sen wat taddart ṭṭbel d lɤiḍa ɤer teẓgi ?
2. Tazwara, inezdamen zhan. Melmi i tebda tegnit tettbeddili fell-asen ?
3. Amek i teḍra yid-sen ɤer taggara ?
4. Af –d deg uḍris anemgal n wawal-a : iɤerrez.
5. Semres awalen-a deg tefyar : ggugem, uɤal.
B- IFERDISEN N TUTLAYT
1. Err tafyirt-a ɤer wunti : Mmɤen wat taddart-nni armi d tiẓgi n lewḥu;, zedmen armi ɛyan, acemma ur ten-id- ilueej.
2. Semmi-d isumar n tefyirt-a : Mi yebda ifennu uzizwu, yettibrik yigenni.
3. Sleḍ tafyirt-a : Snegren-ten.
C- TIRA
Tettikkiḍ deg tcemlit (tiwizi) n usizdeg n yiberdan n wanda i tzedɤeḍ. Ales-d amek i d-llan lecɤal. Ini-d d acu n temsirt i tufiḍ deg tɤawsa-ya.
Aseɤti n ukayad
A- Tigzi n uḍris
1. Wwin yid-sen ṭṭbel d lɤiḍa ɤer teẓgi akken ad srewlen yis-sen lewḥuc.
2. Tebda tegnit tettbeddil fell-asen mi akken yettuɤal yigenni d aberkan.
3. Гer taggara, snegren-ten lewḥuc.
4. Anemgal n wawal : iɤerrez ≠ yellexs.
5. Tiririt n yimyagen deg tefyar
- Ggugmen yimɤaren.
- Uɤlan-d yimɤaren ɤer tmurt.
B- Iferdisen n tutlayt
1. Tiririt n tefyirt ɤer wunti :
Mmɤent sut taddart armi d tiẓgi n lewḥuc; zedment armi eyant, acemma ur tent-id-ilueej.
2. Asemmi n yisumar n tefyirt tuddist :
Mi yebda ifennu uzizwu, yettibrik yigenni.
Asumer imsentel n wakud asumer agejdan
3. Tasleḍt n tefyirt “ snegren-ten”.
Snegren : Taɤara-s : d amyag n tigawt yeftin ɤer yizri, udem 3 sgt- ml.
Tawuri-s : d aseɤru n tefyirt.
(Snegren ) n : Taɤara-s : d amatar udmawan n w 3 sgt –ml
Tawuri-s : d amigaw n umyag.
Ten : Taɤara-s : d amqim udmawan n w3 sgt-ml.
Tawuri-s : d asemmad usrid n umyag.
C- Tira
Aḍris ad yili d ullis ideg ara d-talseḍ amek I teḍra tcemlit. Yessefk ad yili iressa ɤef yizri.
- Ullis ad yebded ɤef wudem amezwaru I yettmeslayen;
- Tacemlit ad tili d tagnit I usenfali n yiḥulfan yecban lferḥ, tadukli…
Ad yili ufaris yelha ma:
1. yettwaɤar uḍris s sshala
- asebter zeddig (tallunin, tiseddarin…);
- asigez iwata;
- tifyar rsent ɤef yilugan n tjerrumt;
- amawal yedda d usentel;
- ilugan n tira ttwaḍefren.
2. yezḍa uḍris akken ilaq
- tuddsa n uḍris d tiseddarin;
- tuqqna gar tseddarin yessihil tigzi ;
- aḍris yura ɤer wudem amezwaru i yettmeslayen ;
- timeẓra n yimyagen ddant d tilawt ;
- asemres n yinammalen n wakud d wid n wadeg ferzen.
3. yedda d usentel i d-yettunefken
- aḍris d ullis yemmden;
- aḍris yebna ɤef tɤessa n wullis;
- aḍris yewwi-d ɤef tcermlit;
- aḍris yekfa s temsirt
غير متصل
هل تدرسين الأمازيغية يا هاجر ؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟
غير متصل
لا يا هبة انما قدمتها لمن يدرسوها اظن انكم لا تدرسونها
غير متصل
نحن ايضا لا ندرسها
غير متصل
malheuresment moiaussi mais je suis kabyle
je parle kebylke et je comprend tré bien mais je ne conné pa l'ecrir
غير متصل
لا افهم فيها ولا كلمة
غير متصل
هل تدرس الأمازغية؟
غير متصل
أنا لا أدرسها و لم أسمع بمن يدرسونها
غير متصل
azoul felawen
nkini takvaylite me fehmara khila la kabylie
السلام عليكم
انا قبائلية لاكن لا افهم الكثير منها
غير متصل
لما يا اميرة
غير متصل
لانني لم اترعرع في مدينة القبائل
غير متصل
تشرفنا بمعرفتك يا بنت القبائل * اني بصراحة احب القبائليين *
غير متصل
je coné rien en kabyle sof azoul é kelke mo
jespère ke tu orad clien ki veule aprendre englais eh je veu dire kabyle mé largen sera divisé entre toi é toi
غير متصل
tu c amine g pigé tou ce k ta di
ta di
nekini tharen dakvayli
moi je parle kabyle
fehmegh mlih mlih takvaylith
je comprends bien bien kabyle
é pui ta parlé en français
remarke chui po kabyle
غير متصل
ki ta di ke chui chawi hein
tu conné tou toi
t un MJST
غير متصل
Mr je sais tout
غير متصل
celle de Dj
mdr
غير متصل
ok
غير متصل
merci pour ce texte en kabyle moi je suis kabyle thelmerth
غير متصل
deriennn
غير متصل


text:
Adlis n Tira iqedsen yettawi-d ɣef Ṛṛuḥ Iqedsen yellan s nettit-ines d Ṛṛuḥ n Ṛebbi, d Illu s yiman-is. Sɣur-s I d-tekka yal tudert. Imi ayen akk I d-yexleq Ṛebbi, ixleq-it-d s Ṛṛuḥ-is. Linǧil daɣen yeqqar-d deg awal-is, Ṛṛuḥ Iqedsen s yiman-is d Ṛṛuḥ n Lmasiḥ. Yettusemma d imqeddes, d netta I yessizdigen tudert n yemdanen. Yettheggi ulawen-nsen d ixemmimen-nsen, ixeddem deg-sen. D Ṛṛuḥ n Ṛebbi s tezmert-is meṛṛa.
Amek I yxeddem Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen di tudert n wemdan?
Yemmal-d abrid s tafat. Imi ɣlin akk yemdanen di ṭṭlam n ddnub. Deg yiwet si tebṛatin-is yenna Bulus : “ Lefhama-nsen iɣumm-itt ṭṭlam, sbeɛden iman-nsen ɣef tudert I d-ittak Sidi Ṛebbi axaṭer jehlen, qquren wulawen-nsen.” Ur feṛṛzen tafat ur ɛeqqlen tidett. Beɛden ɣef Ṛebbi. Tasarut ihi, d Ṛṛuḥ n Ṛebbi I d-yattasen ɣer wul n wemdan, yessazdag lefhama-s s wawal n tidett.D Ṛṛuḥ ara t-yessfiqqen ad ibeggen deg ul-is tidett yellan di Tira yellan d “Awal yeddren”. S Wawal-is I d yettweḥḥi ara ybeddel ixemmimen d lefhama n yal amdan. Degmi yettusemma “Wawal” di Tira iqedesen : “Ajenwi n Ṛṛuḥ”. Igezzem yeqḍaa. Ad yexdem deg ul n wemdan ar aẓar, s leqyat.
Yettak-d ttbut s tidet, s tezdeg. Iwakken yal amdan ad yeɛqel liḥala deg yella. A d-yawi s lexbaṛ belli yuḥwaǧ ɣer leslak. Yura di Tira, di Linǧil n Yuḥenna: “ M’ara d-yas, a d-isbeggen i yemdanen belli ɣelṭen ɣef wayen yeɛnan ddnub, lḥeqq, d lḥisab n Ṛebbi.” D wagi I d leqdic n Ṛṛuḥ deg ul n wemdan. A s-d-ibeggen s tidett liḥala n ddnub I deg yella. S tafat-is a d-yessers deg ul-is ṭṭmana n Ṛebbi d ṛṛeḥma-s. Iwakken a s-yeɛfu a t-yessizdeg si yal ddnub. Ayagi akkit sɣur Ṛebbi I d-yekka.
S Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen I nezmer a nefhem lesrar akk yellan di Tira iqedsen. Ṛebbi d Ṛṛuḥ. Yettak-d tazmert I lefhama I liman. D netta I d-yettaččaren ul n wemdan s tudert d ṭṭmana. Yemmal-d ayen akk I wulmen I tudert d liman. Yesǧuǧǧug taflest d usirerm!
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text:
Bible verses about "the existence of ghosts" | Kabyle
16
Yis i gețwaxleq wayen nețwali d wayen ur nețwali ara ama deg igenwan ama di lqaɛa, tigeldiwin d igelliden, lḥekmat akk-d tezmar yellan deg igenwan; kullec yețwaxleq yis, kullec yețwaxleq i nețța.
17
Yella-d uqbel a d-yețwaxleq kra yellan, d nețța i d lsas n txelqit,
12
axaṭer imenɣi-nneɣ mačči akk d yemdanen i gella, lameɛna nețnaɣ ț-țgeldiwin akk-d tnezmarin n ṭṭlam iḥekmen di ddunit-agi, akk-d leṛwaḥ imcumen yellan deg igenwan.
Topical data is from OpenBible.info, retrieved November 11, 2013, and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.


text: Kabyle(i) 1 Mi gɛedda wass n westeɛfu, taṣebḥit n wass amezwaru n dduṛt, Meryem tamagdalit akk-d meryem-nni nniḍen, ṛuḥent a d-ẓuṛent aẓekka n Sidna Ɛisa. 2 Deg yiwet n teswiɛt, tergagi lqaɛa; ataya yiwen n lmelk n Sidi Ṛebbi, iṣubb-ed seg igenni, iqeṛṛeb ɣer uẓekka, iswexxeṛ ablaḍ-nni, yeqqim fell-as. 3 Ițfeǧǧiǧ am lebṛaq, llebsa-s ț-țamellalt am udfel. 4 Iɛessasen yellan dinna, ikcem-iten lxuf d ameqqran, qquṛen amzun mmuten. 5 Yenṭeq lmelk ɣer tilawin-nni, yenna-yasent : Kunemti ur țțaggademt ara, axaṭer ẓriɣ ɣef Ɛisa i yețțusemmṛen ɣef wumidag i tețnadimt. 6 Ulac-it dagi, iḥya-d si ger lmegtin akken i t-id-yenna. Asemt-ed aț-țwalimt amkan anda akken yeḍleq! 7 Azlemt aț-ținimt i inelmaden-is belli yeḥya-d si ger lmegtin. Atan a kkun-yezwir ɣer tmurt n Jlili; dinna ara t-teẓrem. AAtan nniɣ-akunt-ț-id! 8 Imiren kan, ṛuḥent seg uẓekka-nni s lfeṛḥ d ameqqran ɣas akken uggadent. Uzzlent ad awint lexbaṛ i inelmaden n Sidna Ɛisa. 9 Ataya Sidna Ɛisa imuger-itent-id, yenna-yasent : Sslam fell-akunt! QQeṛṛbent, seǧǧdent zdat-es, ssudnent iḍaṛṛen-is. 10 Imiren Sidna Ɛisa yenna-yasent : Ur țțaggademt! Ṛuḥemt inimt i watmaten-iw ad ṛuḥen ɣer tmurt n Jlili, dinna ara yi-ẓren. 11 Mi țeddunt deg ubrid, kra seg iɛessasen-nni n uẓekka kecmen ɣer temdint, xebbṛen imeqqranen n lmuqedmin ɣef wayen akk yedṛan. 12 Mi nnejmaɛen imeqqranen n wegdud akk-d imeqqranen n lmuqedmin, msefhamen ad fken i iɛessasen-nni ssuma tameqqrant n yedrimen, 13 nnan-asen : Init belli d inelmaden-is i d-yusan deg yiḍ, ukren lǧețța-s mi nella neṭṭes. 14 Ma yella yewweḍ lexbaṛ-agi ɣer lḥakem, d nukkni ara t-iqablen iwakken ur awen-ixeddem ula d acemma. 15 Iɛsekṛiyen-nni ṭṭfen idrimen-nni, xedmen ayen akk i sen-d-nnan lmuqedmin. Tamsalt-agi țɛawaden-ț-id wat Isṛail ar ass-a. 16 Ḥdac inelmaden-nni ṛuḥen ɣer tmurt n Jlili, ɣer wedrar-nni anda i sen-yenna Sidna Ɛisa ad mlilen. 17 Mi t-walan seǧǧden zdat-es, meɛna kra seg-sen mazal țcukkuten. 18 Sidna Ɛisa iqeṛṛeb-ed ɣuṛ-sen, yenna-yasen : Tețțunefk-iyi-d tezmert ama di lqaɛa ama deg igenwan. 19 Ṛuḥet ɣer tmura meṛṛa n ddunit, slemdet imdanen iwakken ad uɣalen d inelmaden-iw, ad țwaɣedṣen s yisem n Baba Ṛebbi, s yisem n Mmi-s akk-d yisem n Ṛṛuḥ iqedsen. 20 Slemdet-asen ad tebɛen ayen akk i wen-slemdeɣ. MMa d nekk ad iliɣ yid-wen yal ass alamma ț-țaggara n ddunit.


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Bible verses about "stewardship of gods creation" | Kabyle
42
Sidna Ɛisa yerra-yas : Anwa i d lewkil iḥeṛcen i ɣef yella lețkal, ara iwekkel bab n wexxam ɣef wayla-s, iwakken ad ifṛeq i yiqeddacen amur-nsen n yirden di lweqt ilaqen ?
43
Amarezg n wuqeddac agi ara d-yaf bab-is ibedd ɣer cceɣl-is!
44
A wen-d-iniɣ tideț, a t iwekkel ɣef wayen akk yesɛa.
45
Lameɛna aqeddac-nni ma yeqqaṛ deg wul-is : « amɛellem-iw iɛeṭṭel ur d yuɣal ara»! Yebda iḥeqqeṛ iqeddacen ț-țqeddacin, yekkat-iten, iteț itess alamma yeskkeṛ.
46
A d-yas umɛellem-is deg wass i ɣef ur yebni ara, di lweqt ur yessin ara, a t-iɛaqeb s lmut akken țțuɛaqben wid iɛuṣan Ṛebbi.
18
Leǧnas llan kkren-d ɣuṛ-ek, lameɛna tura d urrif-ik i d-yewḍen, yusa-d lweqt i deg ara tḥasbeḍ lmegtin, ass i deg ara tkafiḍ iqeddacen-ik lenbiya, wid textaṛeḍ akk-d wid yețqadaṛen isem-ik, ama d imeẓyanen ama d imeqqranen s wayen uklalen; ma d wid yessexṛaben ddunit a ten-tesnegreḍ.
2
Acu i nețṛaǧu deg win i nwekkel ɣef lḥaǧa ? Nețṛaǧu a nețkel fell-as!
10
Mkul yiwen deg-wen d acu n tikci i s-d-ifka Sidi Ṛebbi, ihi sxedmet-eț iwakken ad sfaydin wiyaḍ seg-s.
16
Yis i gețwaxleq wayen nețwali d wayen ur nețwali ara ama deg igenwan ama di lqaɛa, tigeldiwin d igelliden, lḥekmat akk-d tezmar yellan deg igenwan; kullec yețwaxleq yis, kullec yețwaxleq i nețța.
17
Yella-d uqbel a d-yețwaxleq kra yellan, d nețța i d lsas n txelqit,
Topical data is from OpenBible.info, retrieved November 11, 2013, and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.


text:
Firefox
Firefox d yiwen yiminig Yef web ay yellan d aseYẓan ilelli. Yetteddu deg Mac OS X, Windows neY Linux u yeejeb-asen xilla i medden.
Firefox extension neY isiYzaf n Firefox d ihallen tzemreḍ ad ternuḍ i Firefox. Yerna llan aṭas n yisiYzaf.
DYa, yal yiwen yezmer ad ibeddel Firefox ama d udem-is (sYur yiwen usentel) ama d ihallen ay yernun azal (md. tafeggagt n yifecka, imawalen, tanefilt, atg)
D yiwen wallal s way-s yezmer yiwen ad ibeddel tutlayt n Firefox. Ihi, ma nebYa ula d nekni nezmer ad t-id-nerr s teqbaylit!
Ugar isalen deg useYwen https://addons.mozilla.org/fr/firefox/


text:
Tanaflit d yiwet n tefyirt tawezlant id yessevganen ayen ssaramen, naɣ ittmennin yemdanen marra naY wegraw ametti s-umata naY tudsa d tasudut iwakken ad awḍen Yer s-iswi nsen, naY ad mmektin amezruy nsen ameqṛan.
S araldik, tanfalit t skened daxel imrigen izamalen (armoiries), umata ɣef tasfift nnig aber, wannag tiɣra n lgirra ssersent ddaw is.
Kra n tinfalyin :
- Ad naṛṛeẓ wala ad neknu d tanfalit n Tmurt Lleqvayel,
- Illu akked azref iw d tanfalit n ugellid n Legliz.
- Tadukkli texdem tazmert d tanfalit n Biljik.
- Yiwen i akk, akk i yiwen (Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno) d tanfalit n Swis, lamanɛna ur tella ara d tunṣibt.
- Tasunḍa d Afara (Ordem e Progresso) d tanfalit n Brazil.
- S Illu n umen (In God We Trust) d tanfalit n Tamrikt.
- Ccfiɣ (Je me souviens) d tanfalit n Kebek.


text:
Ma nezzi ɣer tmurt n yeqbayliyen, ttarran-d medden yiwen wawal akken xas ulamma deg teswiein n ddiq kan, qqaren-d : Anda ma yettwet weqbayli, d gma-s. I tura ma numen s wannect-a, d leib fell-aɣ ad t-neǧǧ, dɣa ma ur numin ara yes-s, yessefk ad as-nerr akal. Ass-a deg tmurt n yeqbayliyen, yewweḍ-d webrid n timanit i ḍefrent tmura ifazen, ad d‑naf s lferḥ tuget teḍfer deg allaɣ-is tifrat n timanit tettlwali-tt d asnefsusi n teekemt n umennuɣ ur nkeffu; ur ikeffu wara axaṭar ibedd ɣef waɣlan azzayri, d ayen yessexlaḍen tilufa imi, yettuɣal-d wawal-a ɣer yeqbayliyen kan wamma wiyiḍ ṭṭfen deg tezzirit n yiwah. I Ih ,d ihwah imi isem-is taerabt nnekwa-s d tineslemt, d ayen imeḥḥun taqbaylit deg tmuɣli tamenzut akked iɣerfan-nniḍen (icawiyen,itergiyen,....). Ihi ass-a yal wa yettalas, yal wa yettwalas, aɣref aqbayli yettalas azref amenzu i iseeeu wemdan seg mi ad d-ilal, azref n tudert. Tudert n weɣref aqbayli,d tudert n igerrujen n tmurt n lezzayer yettalasen s timmad-is tudert s leǧwareḥ-is akken llan. Maca wissen anta tama n tmurt n yiqbayliyen deg tfekka n lezzayer?
Ma nezzi ɣer tmurt n yeqbayliyen, ttarran-d medden yiwen wawal akken xas ulamma deg teswiein n ddiq kan, qqaren-d : Anda ma yettwet weqbayli, d gma-s.
I tura ma numen s wannect-a, d leib fell-aɣ ad t-neǧǧ, dɣa ma ur numin ara yes-s, yessefk ad as-nerr akal.
Ass-a deg tmurt n yeqbayliyen, yewweḍ-d webrid n timanit i ḍefrent tmura ifazen, ad d‑naf s lferḥ tuget teḍfer deg allaɣ-is tifrat n timanit tettlwali-tt d asnefsusi n teekemt n umennuɣ ur nkeffu; ur ikeffu wara axaṭar ibedd ɣef waɣlan azzayri, d ayen yessexlaḍen tilufa imi, yettuɣal-d wawal-a ɣer yeqbayliyen kan wamma wiyiḍ ṭṭfen deg tezzirit n yiwah. I
Ih ,d ihwah imi isem-is taerabt nnekwa-s d tineslemt, d ayen imeḥḥun taqbaylit deg tmuɣli tamenzut akked iɣerfan-nniḍen (icawiyen,itergiyen,....).
Ihi ass-a yal wa yettalas, yal wa yettwalas, aɣref aqbayli yettalas azref amenzu i iseeeu wemdan seg mi ad d-ilal, azref n tudert.
Tudert n weɣref aqbayli,d tudert n igerrujen n tmurt n lezzayer yettalasen s timmad-is tudert s leǧwareḥ-is akken llan. Maca wissen anta tama n tmurt n yiqbayliyen deg tfekka n lezzayer?


text:
Ayen i d-yernan d aneggaru : Amezwaru Yunyu.
Amussu n Timanit i Tmurt n Yiqbayliyen (MAK) yeereḍ-d azal n settin (60) n yimdanen mucaeen deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, wid iqeddcen deg unnar n tsertit akked d imussuyen d tiddukliwin, i wakken ad ttikkin deg Ugraw Aɣelnaw Aqbayli, ara d-yilin deg Udekkar, i teɣzi n sin nwussan: 01 akked 02 yebrir 2011. Deg ugraw-a, imekkiyen ad mmeslayen s telqeyt ɣef uzekka n Tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, ɣef yiberdan yessufuɣen ɣer usbeddi n Uwanek aqbayli sdaxel n tmurt n Lezzayer. Ihi, tamsalt teena yakk Iqbayliyen akken yebɣu yili ubrid i yuɣen. Awi-d kan ad yamen s teqbaylit-is. Γef usteqsi ma yella ieeggalen n sin ikubar iqbayliyen (FFS akked RCD) ad ikkin (...)
Iḍelli n ttlata, ieeggalen n MAK xedmen yiwet n temlilit akked lɣaci n Sidi Eic. Mass Bueziz At Cebbib, imḍebber n usuddes deg MAK , yenna belli "Amussu N Timanit ur t-id-yecqi ara deg yimenɣi yekkren gar wat udabu n Lezzayer, imi ulac kra n usirem ara d-yekken seg-sen. Akken ma llan msefhamen ɣef uqerruy n Tmurt n Yiqbayliyen, bɣan yakk ad tt-kerfen". Mass At Cebbib yenced daɣen ufrinen iqbayliyen ad d-jebden iman nsen seg tɣiwanin d tuddsiwin niḍen n ddula, acku ma qqimen deg yimukan nsen, d afud i as-rennun i udabu azzayri, ttcebbiḥen udem-is ɣer tmura n berra. "Ilaq ad d-jebden iman nsen akken ad as-kksen eeryan i udabu azzayru bu tmegraḍ", i (...)
At ufella ma yella ur rrkiḍen ara taqbaylit, ad wwten fell-as nneḥ. Iqbayliyen yettnaɣen akken ad d-kksen taqbaylit-nnsen si teccarin i waɣezniwen bḍan-ten am ibawen ɣef lluḥ. Kra-nni n imeɣnasen i d-yeggran am wid yekkren i wedrar s ugelzim, maca imi at ufella ugin tidett, cwiṭ s wurfan, cwiṭ s wul kkren-as i wedrar, nnan-as ɣas s twizi yessefk ad as-d-afen allalen s wacu ara ssersen lsas amenzu i teqbaylit ad tuɣal am nettat am tiyiḍ. Iqbayliyen terḥa temsalt rran-d i teɣri, yal wa yenna amek iwala tifrat n teqbaylit akked wuguren n tmurt n yeqbayliyen s umata. S tegmat d talwit teffeɣ-d yiwet n tuttra deg iles-nnsen: Amek ara nezdi tazmert-nneɣ (...)
nwala dinna tawacult n imeɣnasen n umussu n timanit i tmurt n iqbaliyen (MAK) d imḍebren‑is ḥeḍren s taqqa, d udmawen isertiyen am imeɣnasen n ikabaren n tsertit seg-sen akabar n FFS d wid n RCD,FLN d RND i s‑yerran tajmilt i umettan. Yal yiwen deg-sen yettmeslay ɣef waddad n teggnatin i deg tettidir tmurt n iqbayliyen ass-a. Yella-d wawal ger tkemmucin n ikubar-nni d akken tamurt n iqbayliyen attan i tikelt‑nniḍen ddaw uḍaṛ n udabu adzayri. Di tidett, yal iles yesnernay di tidet n wayen i d‑yeqqar MAK. Kra n wid i wumi nesla, qqaren‑d d akken tamurt n iqbayliyen tettidir tiggnatin qessiḥent, d ayen ara ttiǧǧen ad terfed wa ad sseḥbiber ɣef (...)
Iḍelli kan, nekkukra a tenger teqbaylit, Iqbayliyen yal wa anda yesrafeg. Ass-a aqlaɣ nedda ɣef teqbaylit, iqbayliyen begnen-d d akken zemren ad dduklen ɣas mgarden-t tikta. Amennuɣ n wass-a, iqbayliyen beynen-d d akken bɣan taqbaylit, bɣan tilelli d tugdut..., bɣan tilufa ad frunt s wawal di talwit. Azekka n tmurt nneɣ atan ger ifassen nneɣ war ssmaḥ deg iẓuran nneɣ. Iqbayliyen nnan-d ak aqlaɣ d-a neddukel, kra ibennun ur d-yettili ara war taqbaylit. Tamurt n yeqbayliyen d tamerkantit s wayen tekseb, yessefk cci-ines a d-yuɣal i warraw-is. Iqbayliyen nnan-d, aqlaɣ d ayi aṭas yid-neɣ, ilaq a tebnu di liser d tegmatt. (...)
Mi tefra lgirra Aqbayli iɣil ad yidir di tafat akked talwit ?! Ziɣ kunwi ay imcumen d tamuɣli n wuccen s ulli. Terra-m tibbura ɣef yal rrbeḥ d tlelli. Trekḍem tamurt, tenɣam tugdut, teslulem-d tamttant i Weqbayli. Terram Aqbayli yedder yemmut. Tugmem-d lhem d wurfan, lḥif akked lemḥan. Tenɣam asirem ! Tḥumam akersi, teqlem d iqerra ɣef wid ur ken-ibɣin. Teččim azref imeɣban, texlim ikufan, terram Aqbayli d netta i d ssebba n iɣblan. Tserzgem tudert, tikli yid-wen ḥercawet. Tḍaq tmurt n yeqbayliyen deg-wen, iḥar yimɣi d ugama, igenni akked wakal. Ussan akked iseggasen; a wen-qqaren, ɛyan deg-wen, skud mazal-iken ur d-yeqqim usirem. Aqbayli ur yesɛi (...)
D acu ara d-nini di txiḍas d teḥraymit nettwali ass-a deg wannar n tsertit? Timura akken ma llan-t, ttbeddilent udem yal ma ara d-yessuḍ wadu n nnhati. Tallit n tsusmi n weɣref aqbayli ɣef tlelli-ines tewweḍ ɣer lḥed-is. Kra n wegdud ur nessin ḥala meḥyaf d temḥeqranit, yewweḍ-d wakud i tnekra-s, ad yerreẓ kra yellan d azaglu. Ad tekfu fell-asen tudert n ddaw uḍar. Iqbayliyen ma ara d-kkren s rrṣaṣ i ten i d-ttqabalen ! Ar tura, akal n tmurt n yeqbayliyen, iseqqa s idammen n warrac yeɣlin di tefsut. Tuɣal tlelli ala s yimi. Ulac leqder i wsirem d wefran n wegdud. Seg asmi yebda weqbayli tikli ar ass-a, netta yettnadi ɣef tlelli-ines. Ger wid i d-ibedden (...)
Di tmurt n yeqbayliyen llan sin ikabaren, yal wa yeqqar fell-i tebna. teḍra yid-sen am lemeenda n tnuḍin ɣer tjebbaṭin; wa di tismin, wa deg ayen ur nesei anamek... D annect-a i ten-yeǧǧan zgan di twaɣit. Ɣer iqbayliyen tella yiwet n tɣawsa yifen tasertit: d Leqder. amek ara siwḍen Iqbayliyen ɣer yeswi‑nnsen ma yella temyefcalen gar-asen? Ad rehnen tamurt n yeqbayliyen ma ur zdin ara iɣalen‑nnsen akken ad ḍefren abrid iwatan: "Taqbaylit tesdukkel akk iqbayliyen". Amihi ameqran d aedaw n tmurt n yeqbayliyen. Nezra amek snegren igduden. Seerqen abrid i weqbayli alarmi i d-yettagem deg ilem; am tsirt yeẓẓaḍen awren ulac. D nutni i tt-yessawḍen ɣer d-a ! D (...)
Kra niḍnin nnan-d belli d nutni, s timad-nsen, i d-yettruhun ɣer tḥuna ttaYen-d s waṭas (ayefki, tmer, aɣrum akked waman). D annect-a i yessumen imawlan n tḥuna-ayi belli d rebrab i yetttaYen annect-a yakk n yisufar. Leesker akked "les patriotes" bdan asirkli deg wedrar n Wectug akked imeḍqan i s-d-yezzin. Nezmer ad d-nini mkul tazemmurt s ueeskri; rnu ceyeeen ɣer taddart n Tiwal (800 imezdaɣ), 4 ikamyunen ččuren d leesker, nudan-d yakk iḥerqan-is : Aclif, Tirejwanin akked Saḥel. Bla ma nettu ibaraǧen deg yiberdan yettawin ar tuddar i isuman adrar n Wectug. Leesker mkul m’ara d-yerzu ar wemḍiq ala tiwuɣa i ixeddem: yegla-d s userYi n teẓgi n (...)
Ḥ. Ḥ. (47 iseggasen) d S. F. (34 iseggasen), d ixeddamen deg yiwen ucanṭi, deg Micli, tejba-d fell-asen temsulta tessen tiqqit n waman deg tlemmast n remḍan, teṭṭef-iten. Ar deqqal imi ten-d-sneṭqen deg lkumisariya, ipulisen seeddan-ten s lemɣiwla ɣer teɣdemt. Imi slan s taluft-a, kra seg yimezdaɣ n Micli ssawlen-d ɣer unejmue sdat n wexxam n teɣdemt i wakken ad d-ilin ɣer tama n watmaten-nsen. Lezzayer i yestenyan zeema kra yellan d asaḍuf yellan di ddunit ɣef izerfan n wemdan txeddem-d isuḍaf ara iḥettmen i yemdanen yiwen kan n ddin. S wanwa azref i d-tugem aya? Ula d tineslemt, iɣef zeema tesḥerbib, ur d-tenni ara akka. Tineslemt, tin is-s umnen (...)
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text:
Wp/shi/Akal
Akal iga wis kraḍ itran lli itfarn i tamsmunt n tafukt. d yan ɣ willi yas tsutulnin. Ar as itsutul wala nttat yan w-ayyur.
Amzruy[edit]
Illa wakal z uggar n 4,467 milyar n usggas. z lliɣd iffuɣ imik n w-akku z tafuk yitti z giz. Γ umzwaru rad yiṣmiḍ ifrkki n uflla. rad tit tfr yat tusut yaḍn lliɣ ras ttid lkmn indkkik yaḍn d isufa lli rad isbadl udm ns. kullu mayad ittuyskar f lmlayn n isggas d tusutin urganin yat..
Akal ɣ tudert n ufgan amaziɣ[edit]
Dar imaziɣn Akal af atmaɣ yan ntt d tarwans. akal lli kkrzn d wakal,lli ɣ zdɣn d lliɣ drn. Ig wakal dar imaziɣ yat lli f kullu maɣn ɣ umzruy nsn. D irumiyn, ifniqicn, aerabn , ifransawiyn...
Izdayn ittaaws[edit]
Iɣbula lli rad yaws ɣ tirra n umla yad:


text:
Sophocles
Sophocles, s tefrensist: Sophocle, (ilul gar 497 ed 496 qbel Sidna Ɛisa - temmut gar 406 ed 405 qbel Sidna Ɛisa), d amaru agrigi n tmezgunin, yerna d yiwen seg yimura n tkesniwin (tragédies) ay d-yuran iqeddicen ay d-yeqqimen ar ass-a. Ɣef leḥsab n Suda (d tasedkalt [encyclopédie]) n lqern wis 10, Sophocles yura-d 123 n tmezgunin, maca ala 7 seg-sent ay d-yeqqimen ar ass-a: Ajjaks, Antigun, Tisednan Tiṭraciyin, Oedipus the King (Oedipus Agellid), Elektra akked Philoctetes ed Oedipus deg Colonus. Sophocles yettekka deg tfaskiwin timasɣanin (festivals religieux) n Atena aydeg d-yettili wemsizwer n umezgun, yerna, gar 30-nni n yemsizewren aydeg yettekka, yerbeḥ deg 24 deg-sen. Aeschylus yella yettekkay deg yemsizewren-nni yerna yerbeḥ kan 14 seg-sent, ma d Euripides yerbeḥ kan 4. Timezgunin n Sophocles d tid ay yesnernan aṭas tamuggit (drame), yerna tadyant n tmezgunin-nnes ur tḍerru gar sin kan yemdanen, wanag ikeccem-d gar-asen wemdan wis kraḍ.


text:
Tazemmurt
Tazemmurt, d ttejṛa n tawsit Ulea n twacult n uleaseae. Yetwesfulleḥ deg aẓiyen n unezwu agrakal i ugummu ines, azemmur, yetaken zzit i ḥemmelen aṭas medden.
Tazemmurt tetwassen sɣur imaṣriyen n zik ugar n Talɣa:Amḍan uqbel tallit tamasiḥit. Daɣen, d-yiwet deg leḥcawec i bderen aṭas deg Tibibelt. Seg Taglest, tazemmurt d azamul n temdint n Atene dɣa n taṛebbit-is. Asfulleḥ n tzemmurt teccɣel deg umaḍal Talɣa:Amḍan ihektaren i tafarest n 17.3 imelyunen n iṭunen n izemran.
Tazemurt d aseklu id ittajen azemmur. Illa di yal n tmurat nallel alemas (méditerranéen).
Tţajad atas zit (zit u zemmur).
Qqarend tzmer a teddr 3000 isuggasen.
Deg tmurt n Yeqbayliyen, azemmur yesɛa azal ameqqran. Timizar n Yeqbayliyen ččurent d azemmur, i nesxdam ama i wucci ama iw zenzi deg leswaq.
DYa Tamurt n Yeqbayliyen tettwasen s uzal ifkan imezdaY-is iw zemmur d lYela-s.


text:
Tuget seg medden ɣilen belli aṭṭanen n wul d yiwen kan n ṣṣenf n yiɣeblan n tezmert. Maca deg tidet, aṭṭanen n wul d ageǧǧuf n yiɣeblan n tezmert D acu i tzemrem ad t-txedmem ? Aṭṭanen n wul yezmer yiwen ad sen-yerwel, yerna ɣer-sen ddwa. Ma yella ufan-d ɣer-wen kra n weɣbel n wul, llan iseḥluyen ara Idirem s wer ddexxan. Neqqar di teqbaylit ; aḥezzeb yugar leqḍeɛ, ylaq amdan yal tigawt ara yexdem, ilaq ad yerr lmendad-is ma ur s-d-tettawi ara ayen ara t-yassaḍnen, imi ma nuɣ-itent di tezmert ula ara d-nerr.
i yettḍurrun leqdic n wul, sebbat-nsen ṭṭuqtent. Deg umedya, aṭṭan n
uẓar n wul yettili-d asmi ara yekmumes umexluḍ n tassemt, lkalsyum
akked yicelman n ccwami (qqaren-asen "tiplakin") sdaxel n yiẓuran i
d-yettawin idammen i teftilt n wul (Iẓuran ikurunariyen). Akmumes n
teplakin yessidyiq iẓuran, ur yettaǧǧa ara ul ad yawi ayen yeḥwaǧ seg
yidammen.
Aḥader igerrzen yessefk-as taeessast ɣef tɣawsiwin i izemren ad
yessiwḍen ɣer waṭṭan n yiẓuran n wul, am tmerna deg uṭansyu n yiẓuran,
aṭṭan n ssker, tissit n ddexxan, tteqlaq, tissit n ccrab sennig wayen
yessefken, ticki amdan ur yleḥḥu ara ; tafekka tawfayant nezzeh.
wen-d-yefken afus akken ad tseḥbibrem ɣef tezmrt-nwen. Tzemrem ad
tesneqsem ugar seg wayen i ken-yuɣen ma yella tgam aya :
Xedmem addal.
Issinem, yerna teassem aṭansyu n yizuran-nwen.
Tettem učči zeddigen ur yesein ara tassemt.
Seum taẓit igerrzen, tḥadrem fell-as.
Aṭṭan-nwen n ssker eassem-t nezzeh.
Ur ssugutem ara deg tissit n ccrab.
Ur ttqelliqem ara s waṭas.
Rezzum yal tikkelt ɣer umejjay, tḍefrem iwellihen-is.
Tuget seg medden ɣilen belli aṭṭanen n wul d yiwen kan n ṣṣenf n yiɣeblan n tezmert.
Maca deg tidet, aṭṭanen n wul d ageǧǧuf n yiɣeblan n tezmert
D acu i tzemrem ad t-txedmem ?
Aṭṭanen n wul yezmer yiwen ad sen-yerwel, yerna ɣer-sen ddwa.
Ma yella ufan-d ɣer-wen kra n weɣbel n wul, llan iseḥluyen ara
Idirem s wer ddexxan.
Neqqar di teqbaylit ; aḥezzeb yugar leqḍeɛ, ylaq amdan yal tigawt ara yexdem, ilaq ad yerr lmendad-is ma ur s-d-tettawi ara ayen ara t-yassaḍnen, imi ma nuɣ-itent di tezmert ula ara d-nerr.