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Seenaa Barreefama Afaan Oromootiifi Shoora Dr. Sheek Mahammad Rashaad | History of Oromo Writing and the Contribution of Dr. Mohammed Reshad
UPDATED with English version of the article on July 31, 2013.
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History of Oromo Writing and the Contribution of Dr. Mohammed Reshad
By Dr. Abdulsemed Mohammed
Language is a means of communication, and a symbol of national identity. As a means of communication, a language serves as a bridge to bring two sides together. As such, it can be used in at least two different ways namely, verbal and written communications. Verbal communication involves using spoken words while written communication requires symbols representing the words. There is no doubt that every human language can serve its people in both these two ways. Unfortunately, not all languages in the world are written languages; there are many languages that still remain being a spoken language. Among those that remained as spoken language for many years, one was the Oromo Language. Despite rigorous efforts made to transform the Oromo language into a written language, evidences indicate that it was about 250 years ago when some among the Oromo started writing in the Oromo language. The objective of this paper is to present a brief history of writing in Afaan Oromoo.
A written language uses symbols that are systematically put in order to produce a message that can be understood. The symbols used to write with in a language are called the ALPHABETH. The alphabet of any language must have symbols representing all the sounds of that language. The symbols that make up an alphabet are expected to perfectly fit for the sounds they represent and must be easy to use.
Before going to the core of the article, it is fair to present the efforts of many scholars to transform Afaan Oromoo from spoken language to a written language. Evidences we have indicate that the first fruitful effort was done by Raayyaa Oromo during the time of the dominant clerics, Anniyyi and Daanniyyi. These clerics wrote the first books that go into the first line of Oromo literary works. The books contained poems, hymns and Islamic religious songs, generally referred to as Menzumah. The authors used the Arabic alphabet with some symbols modified to represent Oromo phonemes not present in Arabic language. They include sounds represented by the following symbols in the standard Oromo alphabet: (C, CH, DH, G, NY, PH). Copies were written by scribes (writers) by hand on animal skin and hide using locally made pen and ink. The pen is a sharp handy splinters made from a bamboo tree. Ink was prepared from a mixture of water, soot, natural gum, and other ingredients. Arabic Alphabet has another advantage for Afaan Oromoo. It has symbols and a writing system to represent short and long vowels as well as stressed and non-stressed consonants. For those already literate in Arabic learning to read and write in Afaan Oromoo became very easy. Oromo phonemes represented today by these two symbols X” and “Q” are basically different from the Arabic (ﻄ and ﻕ). Most Oromos pronounce those two Arabic phonemes: / ﻄ / as “X” – and / ﻕ / as “Q”. Therefore, both were accepted not as similar sounds but as quasi close to each other.
Until the use of the standard Oromo alphabet was declared by law, all Oromo clerics wrote Afaan Oromoo using the Arabic alphabet. All books were written by hand because there were no typewriters and printing press available for Afaan Oromoo. In reality, it was absolutely impossible for several reasons, as there were no skilled manpower, no finance, and no government to support the cause. Until recently, writing in Afaan Oromoo was illegal in Ethiopia and all efforts of Oromo clerics did not produce results.
Onesimus Neseeb
Towards the end of the 19th century, European Protestant Christians got interested in Afaan Oromoo, and they wanted to have the Bible translated into Afaan Oromoo. Onesimus Neseeb (Abbaa Gammachiis), an Oromo scholar of the bible from Western part of Oromo Land and who got converted to Protestant around that time, started translating the bible from Amharic to Afaan Oromoo. Haile Fida, in his book Hirmaata Dubbii Afaan Oromoo, says that Onesimus translated from a European language into Afaan Oromoo, but did not specify the source language. The writer of this article disagrees. He says there are enough reasons to believe that Amharic was the source language. Onesimus had mastered the Amharic alphabet before he began the translation. The translated book itself is a sufficient witness to that effect.
He did that in Asmara (Eritrea), where he was living. Upon completion, the bible was printed as the first Oromo version in 1899. The book was published under the title “Macaafa Qulqulluu,” meaning “Holy Book.” The name of the translator was included and written as “Onesimus Neseeb, Nama Biyya Oromoo” (Onesimus Neseeb, a man from Oromo Land). Onesimus used the Sabean Alphabet to write in Afaan Oromoo. The alphabet is used to write Amharic, and Tigrigna. There was no evidence that shows its use for Afaan Oromoo before Onesimus Neseeb. The Sabean Alphabet has major shortcomings to use for Afaan Oromoo. First, it does not have a system of differentiating long vowels from the short ones. It has seven vowels whereas Afaan Oromoo has ten (five shorts, and five long) vowels. Moreover, two of the seven vowels do not represent any of the ten vowels. One is referred to as the “Gi’iz” and the other one “Sadis,” i.e. the 1st and the 6th vowel, respectively. The Sabean Alphabet in its original form contained no vowel marks, and was only consonants in the Gi’iz form. The six vowels are kaa’ib, saalis, raabi’, haamis, saadis, and saabi’), meaning “the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th”. All are latter additions or modifications intended to indicate the seven vowel sounds of the Amharic language. Before that, it was written without vowel marks like its sister alphabets, Arabic and Hebrew. The other problem of the Sabean Alphabet is it does not differentiate between stressed and non-stressed sounds.
The effort to make Afaan Oromoo a written language continued with new and fresh ideas. European travelers, Christian missionaries, and others used the Latin alphabet to write Afaan Oromoo, and we can conveniently call it as the era of the Latin alphabet for Afaan Oromoo. The era can be divided into two periods: one before the Second World War, and the other during and after the Second World War.
The period before the Second World War is basically the effort of European Christian missionaries from Germany, Italy, France, and others. The objective of the missionaries was not to develop Afaan Oromoo, but to propagate Christianity. Small-size booklets with basic Christian teachings, only one Gospel According to Matthew or John, etc. were printed and distributed. There were also larger books written on vocabularies, proverbs, rhymes and favelas. The writers used the Latin Alphabet exactly as they were used to write their own language. Symbols were named as assumed by individual writers. No two writers used similar symbols and writing systems. Books, booklets, and writings written in that way cannot and did not produce the intended result. The authors did not study the language, and therefore, did not pay attention to the differences in meaning resulting from vowel length (short and long vowels) as well as stressed and non-stressed sounds in Afaan Oromoo.
Martin Moreno
During the Second World War, powerful Italy with the grudge it had previously, raided and occupied Ethiopia. (Here, I am not discussing about the war and its immediate as well as its late consequences, it is not the objective of the paper.) When Italy occupied Ethiopia, it did not bring in armed forces and soldiers only. It also brought professionals that were well trained and experienced in every field of knowledge. One of those professionals brought into the country was a person named Martin Moreno. Moreno was a great scholar and a renowned linguist. Moreno was assigned to study the major languages of the newly conquered territories of the Italian Empire. He started his work by studying Afaan Oromoo and other related languages. He learned the language, including the various dialects, in a short period of time. His main informant spoke the Tulema dialect, but he also had informants speaking the other dialects. He studied the phonology, morphology, and syntax of the language and compiled the result of his study into a book which was published in 1939. Moreno clearly stated that both the Sabean and the Arabic alphabet are not suitable for the Oromo language. He developed the Latin based Oromo Alphabet which is shown below. During the period from 1935-1939, he presented a number of research papers on the Oromo language at the conferences of Italian linguists.
Moreno was the first person that understood the linguistic properties of Afaan Oromoo. In 1939 he published his monumental work “Grammatica della Lingua Galla” (Grammar of the Galla Language), in which he had explained the phonology, morphology and syntax of the language. Moreno used the word Galla not because it was his choice, but it was used to refer to the people by new rulers, the Italians. In that same book, Moreno mentioned, “The Galla call themselves OROMO. Regarding the Oromo language, Moreno wrote the following beautiful words. “Mi auguro che questo lavoro sia di qualche beneficio la piu importante e piu dolce dell’empero,” when translated into English, it reads: “I feel proud that if this work is of any benefit for the most important and the sweetest of the languages of the empire.” The Oromo people will always remember Martin Moreno as one of his own heroes, and would not hesitate to call him “ilma Keenya” (meaning, our son).
Moreno’s Alphabet: for Afaan Oromoo
’ A B C Č D Ḑ E F G H I J K L M N Ñ O p Q R S Ṧ T Ṭ U W Y Z
He is the first to understand and include the glottal stop (laagee or hudhaa). He developed symbols indicating long vowels and represented stressed sounds by doubling the consonants. I take the liberty to name Martin Moreno as “the father of linguistics of Afaan Oromo for his immense contributions towards the Oromo Alphabet writing and Oromo grammar.”
When the war ended with the victory of the Allied Forces, Italy was kicked out from Ethiopia, the old status quo was reinstated, and the exiled king returned to the country, and his rule was reestablished. As a result, all voices dealing with reading and writing Afaan Oromoo were silenced, possession of Oromo books became illegal. The relative light the Oromo saw during the war vanished; the hope to write and read in Afaan Oromoo disappeared; and Oromo Land was once again engulfed by darkness.
Haile Fida
After the war, young people started to go abroad for further studies. Depending on the mode of travel, two groups emerged. One group includes all those traveled abroad legally because of scholarship grants from other countries, international organizations or non-governmental agencies. This included all those traveled for BA/BSc, MA/MSc or Ph.D. degrees. All of them knew where they would go, which universities they would attend, what they would learn, the duration of time their study would last, the amount of pocket money or living expense they would receive monthly, etc. Their destinations were usually Europe and North America. Most belonged to the Amhara ethnic group, and some were from other ethnic groups. Not all who traveled abroad in this way focused only on studying; some showed political interests as well. They embraced politics with a tendency towards the left and became leftists. They accepted Marxist–Leninist philosophy. They established the Union of Ethiopian Students in Europe, and in North America. Among those in Europe, there were Oromos like Haile Fida and Abdullahi Yousuf. They were notable because they put significant effort to make Afaan Oromoo a written language. The work of Martin Moreno was easily accessible, and they used it. They did slight modification to it and came up with their version of Oromo Alphabet. In 1973 two books were written in Afaan Oromoo, and both were published. The titles of these books were “HIRMAATA DUBBII AFAAN OROMOO” and “BARA BIRRAAN BARIHE.” The first book is “Parts of Speech in Afaan Oromoo.” It is a basic grammar book. The second one is a drama on life under the feudal system. The main characters were Grazmatch Tonkolu, the feudal lord, and Iddosaa, the son of a peasant farmer. It is believed that Dr. Haile Fida did the major parts of these books, and Abdullahi Yousuf was a contributor as the dialects of the book indicated.
The Alphabet Haile Fida and his colleagues used.
A B C č D E F G H I J K L M N Ñ O H P Q R S ṧ T Ṭ U W Y Z
Both are the first books written and published by Oromo nationals, and were the first books showing short and long vowels as well as stressed and non-stressed sounds. Following the fall of the monarch, this group returned to Ethiopia as a political party under the name ‘MEISON’ (All Ethiopian Socialist Movement). They gave critical support to the military, which later consumed them.
Hayle Fida’s Alphabet, although borrowed from Moreno, had two problems. One is a linguistic mistake. The glottal stop was not included in the alphabet. He probably forgot it or did not know that it is consonant. The second was related to the politics of the time, and did not consider the lack of typewriters with appropriate symbols for writing and printing in the Oromo language. Moreover, there was no government to fund and implement his wishful plan.
By then, the Oromo liberation struggle had begun, and the army was required to study politics and all other subjects in Afaan Oromoo. Haile Fida’s alphabet was adopted with some modifications. Instead of the accent marks like the inverted, chapeus were replaced by a short line segments over the letter. The rest was not changed. With new modification, it seemed easy to use the typewriter that required moving the cursor up/down to type the added symbols.
The result was time consuming work. To type the added marks, the cursor must be moved down or up to place the mark over or under the letters, respectively. Letters could not be aligned on a straight line and the papers looked untidy.
The Alphabet initially used by the OLF:
A B CH C D D E F G H I J K L M N Ñ O P Q R S SH T Ṭ U W Y Z
NB: T with a dot underneath is X.
Sheik Mohammed Rashad
News about the book “FURA AFAAN OROMOO” started to arrive. It is the book on Qubee Afaan Oromoo – prepared by Sheik Mohammed Reshad. The author was a very prominent scholar celebrity among the Oromo people. The alphabet he prepared developed from the Latin, and is easier to use. One particular advantage his alphabet has, it can be typed using English typewriter.
The second group of students who traveled abroad for studying include all youth who, by their own free will, decided to travel. They were not sponsored by any government or non-governmental organization. They had no scholarship grant. They did not know where to go, what to study, for how long, and what their expenses were. The only thing they had was the desire to learn. They traveled on foot; crossed borders and reached a neighbouring country. From there, only a few got the opportunity to reach a destination in the Middle East. A number of those, who traveled on foot, did not even cross the border. Death was their fate, because of hunger, disease, or attack from wild animals. Most, who traveled in this way, were Muslims and among them, the man who successfully completed his studies and contributed a lot to his people was Dr. Sheik Mohammed Rashaad.
Sheik Mohammed Reshad was born at Laga Arbaa, Carcar district, West Hararge zone in East Oromia. At school age, he started learning Islamic education from his father who was his teacher. Rashad was a fast learner who completed basic and intermediate education in a short period of time. He was a nationalist who rejected the suffering of the Oromo under the repressive Neftenya regime. When he grew to be a teenager, his father allowed him to travel to learn and seek knowledge. One day, he decided to travel with his friend. They started their journey on foot from Laga Arbaa. Along their way, they had traveled through many villages and towns, but he mentioned only two i.e. Chiro and Harar. When asked why he mentioned only the two, his answer was as follows. “When I reached the town of Chiro, I saw Abyssinian soldiers performing their routine parade. I saw a similar thing in Harar, too. At that time, I thought the enemy soldiers subjugating the Oromo were encamped only at those two places, and one needs to get rid of those soldiers to free the Oromo people. Therefore, I decided that I and my friend should travel abroad, meet with Muslims, explain the situation of our people, ask for arms, get armed with fire arms and hand grenades, return back home, one of us to Harar and the other to Chiro, set an agreed upon date and time, launch a preemptive attack, finish the enemy army and liberate our people. That was what I thought to accomplish at that young age. This makes his purpose of travel abroad a dual one: education and politics. First, he crossed the border and entered Djibouti on foot. From there, he crossed the Red Sea by boat and reached Yemen. From Yemen, he traveled through the Arabian Desert and, finally, made it to the city of Medinah in Saudi Arabia, where he settled for some time. During this long travel, he faced many difficulties and obstacles, some of which were undoubtedly fatal. Had it not been for the help of Allah, he would have not reached his adulthood to tell the story. Following a brief period of stay in Saudi Arabia, he traveled to Syria where he started his studies. Upon completion of his studies, he was congratulated, but was seen off without a diploma or a certificate. Because of this and the counseling he received from his friends, he traveled to Egypt where he got registered at Al Azaar University. He continued his studies and graduated with BA and then MA degrees. His major was religion, but he had taken several courses in sociology, psychology and counseling, logic and linguistics.
Dr. Rashad was not only a scholar who proved himself with his knowledge, but a nationalist who showed himself with what he did for the nation. At the University of Al Azaar, there was a department where foreign languages were taught. Among the courses, one was the Amharic language. He could not believe his ears when he heard it first until he confirmed that it was true. At that time, he prepared an official request and presented it to the department to include the Oromo language in their courses. His request was denied, and he asked why it was denied. The answer given to him through an indirect body was “Because the Oromo language has no alphabet.” He got the answer from an indirect source. It would not be difficult to guess what this has triggered in him. He felt very bad and decided that all his efforts so far were for himself, the rest should be for his people. He believed that the Oromo language should have an alphabet and must be a written language. He took this responsibility upon himself and began his work towards the goal. First he studied the efforts of Aanniyyi and Danniyyi, and the work of Bekri Saphalo. He analyzed both and tried to understand the pros and cons of both alphabets if used for the Oromo language. Finally, he set three fundamental criteria to fulfill before any alphabet can be chosen. The three criteria are:
1) The alphabet should completely represent the Oromo phonemes
2) The people who can teach it should be available easily and everywhere
3) Typewriters and printing press must be readily available
Both alphabets were found not to fulfill the criteria. The Arabic alphabet could not fulfill all the three. Its symbols do not represent the entire phonemes because it is short by eight symbols. It means it does not have symbols representing eight sounds which are currently represented by: /C/, /CH/, /DH/, /G/, /NY/, /PH/, /X/ and /Q/. Because of the Oromo accent and the presence of sounds loosely close to them, we can disregard the last two i.e. /X/ and /Q/. To explain the six sounds for which the Arabic alphabet has no symbols, nothing is better than the example produced by Dr. Rashad himself. It goes, ask any Arab to pronounce the following sentence: “Dhagaa caphsii cirracha nyaadhu” and see for yourself that he/she cannot. Similarly, you cannot write that sentence using the Arabic alphabet. Symbols can be modified to represent those sounds, but no typewriters or printing presses are readily available for use. Because of this reason the Arabic alphabet, as it is, cannot be chosen for Afaan Oromoo.
Sheik Bekri Sephalo
Among the Oromo scholars who worked to create an alphabet for the Oromo language, the first and the biggest name that comes forth is Sheik Bakri Saphalo. Saphalo was a renowned scholar on Islam and Arabic. No doubt that he tried the Arabic alphabet first. And, it was he who invented the sentence “Gaccaphii nyadhachoo” to show the deficiency of the Arabic Alphabet. The Saphalo alphabet is not borrowed, but invented in Oromiyaa by an Oromo. It is a symbol of pride that made the Oromo a nation that owns home-made alphabet. As such, all of us should be proud of it. It strengthens the psychology of Oromummaa and must be kept, honored and developed for it is a national treasure. Finally, I would like to say loudly and confidently that it is the only alphabet born in Africa. The Sabean alphabet was invented in Asia, and not in Africa. It was brought to Africa by the people who migrated from Yemen. More evidences can be presented to expose the lie about Sabean alphabet. For the moment, I’ll stick to the aim of the article and will return to the issue when it is required.
The two alphabets (Arabic and Saphalo’s) are compared using the last two of the three criteria mentioned above, the former was found in a better position than the later. Therefore, during his stay in Egypt, Dr. Rashad chose to use the Arabic alphabet temporarily. He made some modifications to make it usable to write in Afaan Oromoo. Basically, he used similar methods used by Anniyyi and Daanniyyi with some additions. Even then, one can use it to write with only by hand. Dr. Rashad was doing that for a purpose. He wanted to go back to the department of foreign languages by making a new claim. “The Oromo language has an alphabet; here is it … Please allow that it can be taught in this University.” His request was again denied. Lack of success in Egypt did not stop him from furthering his efforts to find an appropriate alphabet for Afaan Oromoo.
THE MOVE TO SOMALIA
News, coming from home, removes the entire desire to return back. Those, who left the country in their own way and studied in foreign countries and returned back home, were not received well. Some were imprisoned; others were stopped and arrested, and nobody knew their whereabouts. Because these reasons, returning back was understood as committing suicide. The only option remained was to move to neighboring countries, and settle close to home. At that time, Somalia was found to be better and moving to Somalia became mandatory.
NB: The alphabet the OLF used was borrowed from Hayle Fida. But, the letters (C, D, NY, SH, and PH) were modified to have a short line segment on top of them instead of the inverted accent chapeaux.
Dr. Mohammed Rashad, too, used the symbol “TH” for what is today known as “X” until he met with some leaders of the OLF in Somalia. They liked the simplicity of using Dr. Rashid’s symbols, which they accepted. Finally, after discussion on the matter, both parties agreed to name the symbol “X” to represent the sound it represents today.
The effort to find an appropriate alphabet for the Oromo language was as strong inside the country as it was outside the country. This was at full strength following the fall of the monarch. The military junta that seized power decided to use the Sabean alphabet for Afaan Oromoo. Bariisaa, the only independent Oromo newspaper, was nationalized and made to continue to write using the Sabean alphabet. Bariisaa, since its inception was written in Sabean alphabet. But, it used to publish pages written in the Latin alphabet clearly showing the difference between the two to the general public. Writing Afaan Oromoo using the Latin alphabet was a crime under the Dergue. Doing that knowing its consequences, I should say, was a heroic action. It could possibly be the triggering factor for the action the government took against the newspaper.
Similarly, the famous artist, activist and nationalist Dr. Ali Birra released his music on literacy in Afaan Oromoo. The relics were clearly calling for the Latin-based Oromo alphabet. An extract from the relic of that song reads as follows:
A, B … jennee-k-kaana; We shall stand by enchating A, B, …
Kanumaan jalqabna; We shall begin just with this
Afaanuma keenyaan katabnee dubbifna. We shall write and read in our language
The message of this song reached all corners of the Oromo nation and qubee began to be taught clandestinely.
At that time, the military government ruling the country launched a literacy campaign, known as “Development Through Cooperation.” High schools and colleges were closed, and the students were sent to rural Ethiopia to teach basic literacy – basically in Amharic and nominally in other languages, including Afaan Oromoo. The Dergue chose and forced the Sabean alphabet for all the languages. However, concerned Oromo nationalists and scholars continued to tell the truth regarding the choice of alphabet for Afaan Oromoo.
Dr. Mohammed Rashad had the desire to share his knowledge with his people, and wanted to go back home, an action which was tantamount to committing suicide and could not be his choice. Instead, he decided to travel to a neighboring country, Somalia, which at that time was relatively convenient to settle and help his people across the border. At that time, Somalia just had a new government, led by an army general, by the name of Gen. Siad Barre, who seized power by overthrowing President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke. Siad Barre was a left wing politician and chose to led Somalia on the path of socialism. The new government decided to make the Somali language a written language, and to be a medium in schools and a working language in government offices. The Latin alphabet was chosen and a committee guiding and implementing the policy was established. Some say that Sheik Mohammed Reshad was a member of that committee, but so far, I did not come across any document proving the truth of that statement.
Upon reaching Somalia, the first thing to do was to find a permanent place for settlement and to get used to the new country i.e. the people and the weather. Soon after that, he got engaged to do things that he believed was good for his people. Dr. Rashad always wanted that his people should learn, know, understand and attain political consciousness. And, he said that the path taking us there has to pass through a gate, and that gate is learning. To teach a people, you need to reach that people. The Oromo people were living far away from where he was; but he always believed that it was possible to reach there by using the media. Therefore, it is absolutely important to develop the Oromo language into a media language. This means using the print media, such as newspapers, brochures, books, … etc., and reaching the people by radio and TV. Electronic media is especially suited to reach unlettered or illiterate audience, such as the Oromo society that cannot read and write. We know we have to start with what we have, what we can, and with what we know. The first thing to do was to get airtime for the Oromo language. Sheik Rashad said, “I have some knowledge, no radio station and no money. I believe in my God; I trust in Him; I have no doubt that, he helps me always. With that belief and trust in Allah, I went to meet the authorities of Radio Mogadishu. I requested them to give airtime for the Oromo language. They denied my request based on a series of political and diplomatic reasons. They said it would create trouble with Ethiopia. It would violate the rules and regulations of peaceful co-existence of neighboring countries. I did not accept their decision; giving up was not an option. I continued to return to them again and again, and engaged them by using different methods and reasons until finally I got what I wanted. I got airtime for the Oromo language in Radio Mogadishu. But, they did not allow that the word ‘Oromo’ be used. Because of that, we could not say ‘the following program is in Afaan Oromoo’ – instead we were told to use the phrase ‘Afaan Qottuu.’ To remember, here is how we said, ‘This is Radio Mogadishu, the voice of the Republic of Somalia; it is now time for programs in Afaan Qottu.’ We were broadcasting for one hour every day. In our program, we had news, health education, religion, short dramas, music, comments, questions of listeners.” After some years, it was changed from ‘Afaan Qottu’ to ‘Afaan Galla,’ and when the regime started war against Ethiopia, it was changed to ‘Afaan Somaali Abbo.’ That radio program entertained and educated the Oromo people; it awakened them, made them conscious and to stand for their right. In general, it created a force ready for the subsequent struggles. The scholar, who struggled and succeeded in making Afaan Oromoo a broadcast language, was Dr. Mahammed Rashad Abdullee.
The efforts he did while he was in Somalia were a continuation of the effort he started in Egypt. The first step was to choose the right alphabet, that became the alphabet of the Oromo language. Before 1974, writing Afaan Oromoo using any alphabet was illegal. During the Dergue’s regime writing Afaan Oromo in any alphabet, except the Sabean, continued to be illegal. Following the fall of the military junta in 1991, things started becoming favorable. Newspapers, magazines, and books were written, published and distributed. Soon, a meeting of Oromo scholars, elders and community representatives was called to discuss and decide on the Oromo alphabet. Accordingly, the Latin based alphabet was accepted unanimously, and the first congress of Caffee Oromiyaa put it into a law. Since then, Afaan Oromoo has been a written language, a school language, and a working language.
— Dr. Sheik Mohammed Reshad’s work that helped overcome the resistance against the use of the Latin alphabet in diaspora is history we will never forget. He attended meetings and presented papers with sufficient explanations and reasons in favor of the Latin alphabet. One scholar who attended those meetings was Mr. Taha Abdi, one of the founding member of the OLF, and a member of the leadership. When asked to comment on the contribution of Dr. Rashad, Mr. Abdi said the following: “The pressure against the Latin alphabet was mounting and reached its peak and everyone was frustrated. At that time, Dr. Rashad came to me and said, ‘No one else has better experience in trying to write Afaan Oromo using the Arabic alphabet. I know all the pros and cons of Arabic alphabet if used for the Oromo language. At this time, by comparing all parameters, there is no alphabet which is better suited than the Latin Alphabet for Afaan Oromo. In this regard I will confront, debate and win all against the Latin alphabet. Don’t worry!'” Upon hearing those words, Mr. Taha Abdi concluded, “all of my frustrations and anger were totally removed.” And he said, he won the debate and had the opposition openly accept the Latin alphabet for Afaan Oromoo.
The first book authored by Sheik Rashad was “FURA AFAAN OROMOO.” It is a textbook on Oromo Alphabet. It teaches how to read and write in Afaan Oromoo. It was written by hand in 1969, and printed two years later in Mogadishu. The book, however, was considered as an act of crime against the territorial policy of the government of Siad Barre, the policy of annexing the land of Ogaden, Eastern and Southern Oromia, and the NFD of Kenya to create Great Somalia. Because of that, the book FURA AFAAN OROMOO, which carried the name Oromo, they decided that the book be removed from the market and the author be arrested. Dr. Rashad chose to stay hiding for some time and avoided the arrest. Finally, some elders intervened, and a negotiated settlement was reached. The Somali government wanted the title of the book be changed to Fura Afaan Abboo, and was printed and distributed under the new title.
Dr. MOHAMMED Reshad authored many books. He was the first author to write children’s book in Afaan Oromoo. He was the first to translate the meaning of the Noble Qur’an into Afaan Oromoo available in both audio and text forms. Here is the list of some of his books: Hadiisa Afurtamman Nawawii, Seeraafi Naamusa Hajjii, Gadaa Islaamaa (Hundeelee Amantii Islaamaa), Tajwiida Qur’aanaa (Akkaataa Qur’aanni itti qara’amu), Manxiq (Logic), kkf. He also wrote many books on oral tradition, poems, and others. Because of all these, it will not be an exaggeration to call this man “the father of Oromo writings.”
Sheik Mohammed Rashad sacrificed all of his life for Oromo and Oromummaa. He suffered a stroke while he was in Saudi Arabia and was under treatment for many years. Finally, he went back home and lived in the cities of Adama and Dirre Dhawaa. Finally, the divine call came, and he passed away on April 25, 2013.May he attain the mercy of Allah and reside in the garden of bliss.
Dr. Sheik Mahammad Rashad is not a scholar who left his people empty-handed. He put all his works on the Internet at his website he called “Bakka Rashad.” This too makes him the first scholar to build a website www.Rashaad.org and left all his works for generations to come.
You can find the Afan Oromo version of this article here.
SAPHALO’S OROMO ORTHOGRAPHY
Seenaa Barreefama Afaan Oromootiifi Shoora Dr. Sheek Mahammad Rashaad
Dr. Abdulsamad Muhammed
Afaan meeshaa walqunnamtiiti; mallattoo eenymmaatiisi. Akeeka barruu tanaatiif meeshaa walqnnamtii tahuu isaa haafuulleeyfannu. Meeshaa walqunnamtii hoggaa jennu moggaalee lama walitti fida; akka riqichaati isaan tajaajila jechuudha. Kanas bifa lamaan jechuunis: dubbiifi katabbiidhaan tajaajiluu dandaya. Dubbiin sagalee ykn qooqa qofaan gargaaramanii walitti dubbatanii ykn haasawanii hariiroo walhubantiidhaan xumuramtu qabaachuudha. Haaluma kanaan qubee walitti diranii waan katabbii jennuuniin wal qunnamtii akkasii qabaachuun hindandayama. Afaan kamuu karaalee lameen himaman kanaan hawaasa isaa akka tajaajilu shakkiin hinjirtu. Garuu, ar’allee afaannan baay’eetu sadarkaa dubbii qofatti hornagamee hafee jira. Kanneen gara katabbiititti dhawaataan tarkaanfachaa jiranis muraasaa miti. Afaannan sadarkaa afaan dubbii qofatti bara dheeraa turan keessaa, tokko, Afaan Oromooti. Ragaalee qabnurraa akka hubannutti afaan Oromootiin katabuun erga eegalame hinturre: umriidhaan yoo himne bardhibbee lamaafi cinaa qofa. Qabsoo garasiin godhamte dheertuudha; gufuuleen mudatees baay’eedha.
Akeekni barruu tanaa seenaa barreeffama afaan Oromoo bifa gabaabaadhaan dhiheessuudha. Afaan tokko afaan katabbii tahe jechuun mallattoolee sagaleelee afaan sun keessa jiran bakka bu’an moggaafatee sirnaan walfaana tarree galchee barruu dhaamsa ittiin dabarfatu ittiin tolchuun dandayame jechuudha.
Mallattooleen afaan tokko ittiin katabuuf mogaafaman waliigalatti QUBEE jennaan. Qubeen afaan tokkoo mallattoolee sagaleelee afaan sun keessa jiran guututti bakka bu’an of keessaa qabaachuu qabdi. Fakkeenyaaf, Afaan Oromoo sagaleelee SODDOMA qaba; soddomman kanarraahi ijaarama jechuudha. Qubeen afaan tokkoof moggaafamtu tan sagaleelee afaan sunii sirriitti bakka buutee laaftutti ittiin barreessuu nama dandeessiftu tahuu qabdi.
Gara akeeka barruu tanaatti ceehuu dura, ifaajee Afaan Oromootiin barreessuuf godhamte ilaalla. Ragaan harkaa qabnu akka mul’isutti kitaabni duraa Raayya keessatti bara sheekoota Aanniyyi fi Daanniyyi keessa katabame. Kitaabban sun kitaabban manzumaati. Faaruu Rabbiitiifi kan ergamaa Isaati of keessaa qaban jechuudha. Kitaabban sun qalama dibeetaan tuqachaati harkaan barreeffaman. (qalamni gaafasii gobeensa fiinxi qaraa jechuudha). Qubeen ittiin barreeffamaniis qubee Arabaati. Qubeen Arabaa seera dheerina, gabaabina, laafinaafi jabeenya sagalee mul’isan qajeellotti qabdi. Sababa kanaafis namni Afaan Arabaa dubbisuufi katabuu beeku Qubee Afaan Oromoo dafeeti barata; katabuufi dubbisuus laaftutti qomatti galfata. Qubeen Arabaa tuni immoo, Afaan Oromootiif hanquudha. mallattoolee sagaleelee afaan Oromoo baay’inaan 6 (jaha) tahan bakka bu’an of keessaa hinqabdu. Isaanis: c, ch, dh, g, ny, ph [q x ?] hinqabdu jechuudha. Isaan kanaaf mallattoolee jiranirratti waa dabalanii mallattoo hahhaaraya itti tolchuun hindandayama. Meeshaalee katabbii afaan Arabaatiif tolfamaniin afaan Oromoo katabuun ykn maxxansuun hindandayamu. haatahu jennee yoo itti seennelle waan baay’ee feesisa: meeshaalee barruutiifi kan mana maxxansaa bifa haarayaan qoranii tolchuu, maallaqa guddaa dhimma kanaaf barbaachisuus diinnagdee biyyaa agabsanii garasitti ramaduu, hundaa’ol immoo mootummaa dhimma kana akka dantaa ofiititti fudhattee hojiirra oolchuuf qaamaa qalbiidhaan sossootu aangoorra jiraachuun dirqama taha. Kanaafuu ifaajeen garasiin godhamaa turte hundi hawwii milkiidhaan wal hingarre taateeti hafte.
Tattaaffiin itti aantu warra kiristaanaatin godhamte. Toora xumura bardhibbee 19ffa pirotestaantoonni warra Orophaa “Macaafa Qulqulluu” gara afaan Oromootti hiikanii maxxansiisuu fedhan. Hojii suniifis Oromticha Oniisimos Nasiib (Abbaa Gammachiis jedhaniin muudan. Anisimoos Nasiib teessoo isaa magaalaa Asmaraa biyya Ertiraa godhatee Macaafa ulqulluu Afaan Amaaraatirraa gara afaan Oromootti hiikee bara 1886 keessa achumatti maxxamfames. Kitaabni sun “Macaafa Qulqulluu” jedhama. Kan hiikees “Anisimos Nasiib, nama biyya Oromoo’ jedha. Qubee Saabaatiin barreeffame. Qubeen Saabaa tanuma Afaan Amaaraatiifi afaan Tigree ittiin barreeffamtu tana. Qubeen tuni sababoota lamaaf afaan Oromootiif mijjooma hinqabne. Sababni tokko, seera dheerina, laafina, gabaabina fi jabeenya sagalee mul’isu hinqabdu. Sababni lammadaa, dubbachiiftoota “vowels” torba qofa qabdi; afaan Oromoo immoo, 10 qaba; kurnanuuti barbaada. Torban qubeen saabaa qabdu keessaahis lama sagalee afaan Oromoo waliin wal hingitan. Kanaafuu, qubeen Saabaatiin Afaan Oromoo katabuun hindandayamu.
Tattaaffiin Sadaffaan tan qubee Laatiiniin godhamte taati. Tanas bakka lamatti qoonnee laalu dandeenya. Tokko kan Lola addunyaa kan lammaffaatiin dura taheefi kan Lola lammaffaa keessaafi achiin boodaati taha. Tattaaffiin duraa ammas tanuma warra Orophaa (France, German, Italy) fedhii amantii babal’isuu qabaniin godhamte taati. Kitaabban xixiqqaa amantii mataskaana pirotestaantii ykn kan kaatolikii barsiisan qubee Laatin tanuma afaan faransaa, afaan Jarman ykn afaan Xaalyaanif moggaafaman jijjiirama tokkollee osoo itti hingodhin Afaan Oromoo ittiin kataban. Seera afaan isaaniitiin afaan Oromoo barreessuu yaalan. Rakkoolee gararreetti gara dheerina, gabaabina, laafina fi jabeenya sagalee jennee ibsine sun qaban. [sagalee takka qubee adda addaa tin bakka buusuu fkf ny ---> gn, ...]
Kan itti aanu tattaaffii Lola Addunyaa kan Lammaffaa keessa taate taha. Kuni gadaa qubee afaan Oromootiif aduun baate, gadaa qormaata karaa saayinsii afaaniitiin maalummaan afaan kanaa sirnaan itti hubatame jechuu nidandeenya. Tattaaffii ogeeysa saayinsii afaanii Martin Moreno warra biyya Xalyaaniitiin godhame taha. Kitaaba saa kan mataduree “Gramatica della Lingua Galla” jechuudhaan moggaasees bara 1939 keessa maxxansiise. Nama yeroo duraatiif xiinsaga (phonology), xiin-unkaa (morphology) fi walfaanoommii jechootaa qajeellotti hubate waan taheef gadaa suniin “Gadaa Moreno” jedhee yoon moggaase dogongora hintahu.
Qubee MARTIN MORENO
Lola addunyaa kan lammaffaa booda haala ilmaan biyyaa barnootaaf gara biyya alaa itti imaltaawaniitu dhalate. Akkaataa biyyaa itti bahaniin immoo,murnoota lamatti qodaman. Murni tokko warra hiree barnootaa bifa qaari’aatiin (scholarship) ykn motummaadhaan ergamanii biyya alaatti deemani. Jarri kuni warra barnoota sadarkaa lammaffaa biyya eessatti fixatanii digrii duraatiif alatti imaltaawan ykn kanneen digrii duraa qaata biyya keessatti univarsitiirraa eebbifamanii digrii Maastersiitiif ykn Doktaraatiif deeman of keessaa qaba. Isaan kuni biyya itti deeman, universitii itti baratan, maal akka baratan, yeroo hammam keessatti barnoota sun akka xumuran, maallaqa ittiin jiraataniifi meeqa akka argatan beekaniiti roophilaadhaan gara biyya itti baratan sunitti imaltaawan. Jarri kun yeroo baay’ee gara biyyoota Orophaa ykn gara Ameerikaati dhaqan. Garri caalu, Ilmaan Amaaraa haa tahan malee, ilmaan sabootaafi sablammiilee birootis hammi tokko hinjiran.
Barattoonni hiree tana argatanii barnootaaf gara Orophaa dhaqan barnoota qofa osoo hintahin nashaaxa siyaasaatis hinhoratan. Siyaasaa gara bitaatti conqoltutti waan amananiif bitaaleeyyii yaada maarkisistii ykn sooshalistiitiin masakamuufi biyyaas ittiin maskuu kajeelan tahan. Isaan kuni, dura Waldaya Barattoota Tophiyaa kan Orophaa jechuun beekkamu ijaarratan. Ilmaan Oromoo miseensoota waldaya kanaa tahan keessaa, kanneen Afaan Oromoo gara afaan barruutitti akka tarkaanfatu hawwaniifi hawwii tanaas dhugoomsuuf hojii nama boonsitu hojjetaniifi seenaanis dagachuu hinqabneetu jira. Isaan kuniis Haylee Fidaatiifi Abdullaahi Yuusuf turan. Lameen keessaa Qubeefi barrKufiinsa Haylesillaasee booda kan qooda guddaa qabu Haylee Fidaati. Qubee Martin Moreno fudhatanii jijjiirama xiqqaa itti godhuudhaan ittiin barreessuu jalqaban. Qubeen isaaniitiis kunoo tana. Qubeefi seera Martin Moreno lafa kaayetti jijjiirama xiqqaa itti godhaniiti kunoo qubee kanatti aantuun as bahan:
Warri Orophaa kuni garuu, waa lama dagatan. Laageen (’) tan namni garii hudhaa ykn hamzaa jedhuun phoneme (dhamsaga) of dandeesse tahuu dagataniiti keessaa hanqisan. Qabxiin lammaffaan Qubee tanaan biyyatti galanii ittiinis barreessuuf hiree yoo argatan makiinaan barruutiifi manni maxxansaa kanaaf qophaawan jiraachuu dhabuudha dagatan. Akkasiinuu qubee tana lafa hinkeenye. Bara 1973-1974 keessa kitaabban lama biyya Jarmanitti maxansiisan. Matadureen kitaabban lameenii: tokko Hirmaata Dubbii Afaan Oromoo kan jedhu yoo tahu kaan immoo Bara Birraan Barihe jedha. Kitaabni duraa, akkuma maqaan isaatuu himutti kitaaba seera afaaniiti. Seera afaanii kan bu’uraa bifa gabaabaadhaan dhiheessa. Kitaaba kana qopheessuurratti maqaan baay’ee dhawamu Haylee Fidaa haatahu malee, jarri kaanis qooda hinqaban. Kan Bara Birraan Barihe jedhu immoo, roorroo sirni nafxanyaa ummatarraan gayu bifa diraamaatiin dhiheessa. Kitaabban lameen kuni jabeenya fi laafina, dheerina fi gabaabina sagaleelee afaan Oromoo yeroo duraatiif qajeellotti adda baasanii mul’isan waan tahaniif seenaa barreeffama Afaan Oromoo keessatti bakka guddaadha qaban. Jarri kitaabban kana qopheesse kuni kufiinsa mootummaa Haylesillaasee booda, dhaaba siyaasaa “MEISON” jedhu moggaafatanii gara biyyaa deebi’an. Maqaan “MEISON” Kottoonfii maqaa Afaan Amaaraatiin dhaaba saaniitiif moggaafataniiti (“Mellaa Itiyoophiyaa Soshalist Niqinnaaqee”) Afaan Oromootti (Sochii Soshalistii Idil Tophiyaa) jechuudha.
Yoos sochiin ABO tiis qaata jalqabde. Hoggansa Jaarraa Abbaagadaatiin [Elemo?] qabsoon hidhannoo dhandhaaramte. Waraanni ijaaramuus barnoota siyaasaa, leenjii lolaatiifi barnoota qalamaa akka argatu, barnoonni kuniis afaan Oromootiin akka kennamu murteeffame. Kanaafuu, Qubee warri MEISON fide guutumatti fudhatan. Makiinaa Barruutiin barreessuuf immoo, makiinaaleen qubee tanaaf qoramanii tolfaman hinjiran. Makiinaan jirtu tanuma afaan Ingiliizii qofa. Makiinaan Afaan Ingiliizii Qubee Haylee Fidaa ittiin barreessuuf hinmijjooytu. Barkoo ykn baallaa xixiqqoo mallattoolee garii gararreerra (gubbaarra) jiran harriiqqaadhaan bakka buusanii barreessuu jalqaban. Kuniis golollee waraqaa ooftu oliifi gad qabuudhaan harriiqqaa ykn qabxii itti godhuu dirqama tahe. Kuniis tarree yaa’a barruu jallisuufi barruus buburreeysuu fide. Yeroo dheertuu fudhachuu malee rakkoon barruu fokkiftu mul’achuun dhimma furmaata saffee itti barbaadan taate.
Gaafas kitaabni “Fura Afaan Oromoo” kan Sheek Mahammad somaaliyaarraa hulluuqee gara biyya teenyaa seenuu haahimamu malee, harka namayyuu gayuu hindandeenye. Garuu, makiinaa barruu tan biyya keessa jirtuun rakkoo malee ittiin barreessuun akka dandayamu hoggaa dhagayan barbaachaaf karaa bu’an. Dr. Mahammad Rashaad qunnamuun dirqama tahe. Akkasitti booddee magaalaa guddittii biyya Soomaaliyaa moggaasatti wal qunnamanii haasawaafi marii booda Qubee Dr. Mahammad Rashaad fudhatanii ittiin fayyadamuu jalqaban. Qubeen ar’a manbarnoottan keessatti ilmaan Oromiyaa ittiin barataniifi waajjiroota Oromiyaa keessattiis ittiin hojjetan qubee suni. Qubeen sun kitaaba mataduree “Fura Afaan Oromoo” jedhuun bara 1969 keessa dura harkaan barreeffameeti ganna lama booda yeroo duraatiif maxxamfame. Namni kana barreessees Sheek Dr. Mahammad Rashaadi. Qubee Afaan Oromoo bifa arra qabdu kana Sheek Mahammad Rashaad Abdulleetu itti abbaa. Kanatti aansee Sheek Rashaad eenyu akka tahan beekuuf akkaataa biyyaa itti bahaniifi maal akka hojjetan seenaa isaanii hamma tokko dhiheessuun yaala.
Oromoota barnootaaf biyya alaa dhaqan keessaa, murni lammadaa warra fedhii barnotaaf qabaniin ka’anii ofumaan daangaa qaxxaamuranii biyyaa bahan of keessaa qaba. Jarri kuni mootummaa isaan afeertee qaariyaa isaaniif baaftees tan irraa kafaltee isaan ergitees hinjirtu. Ka galaa (sinqii) qabu gala saa baadhatee, kan hinqabne immoo, dhoortoo kadhachaa miilaan daangaa biyyattii tarkaanfatanii, dura gara biyya ollaa dhaqan. Barnoota barbaacha biyyaa bahuu malee, maal akka baratan, biyya tamitti akka baratan, yeroo hammamiif akka baratan, maallaqa qubsumaaf, nyaataafi uffataaf barbaachisu hinqaban; eeyurraa akka argatanis himbeekan. Kanneen haala kanaan afaan bineensaa bu’anii, dhukkuba hamaadhaan qabamanii ykn beelaafi dheebuudhaan du’a mudatanii karatti hafan baay’eedha. Kanneen lubbuun isaanii eewalamte keessaa, garii hiree barnootaatin wal dhabanii biyya ollaa miilli saanii dura ejjete sun qubachuufi mu’oya (kuulii) dalagachaa of jiraachuisuuf dirqaman. Muraasa imala isaanii itti fufanii fagaatanii deemanis biyyoota Baha Jiddugaleysaa gayaniiti imala saanii xumuran. Warri haala kanaan biyyaa bahan hundi muslimoota sabaafi sablammii garagaraatirraa dhalatan tahuu isaanii beekuun gaariidha. Oromoota hiree akkanaatiin miilaan biyyaa bahanii fedhii barnootaaf qaban argatanii sadarkaa digrii duraatiifi tan lammadaa argachuudhaan eebbifaman keessaa, tokko, Dr. Muhammad Rashaad Abdullee ti.
Sheek Muhammad Rashaad Baha oromiyaa, Godinaa Harargee Dhihaa, Koonyaa Carcar Laga Arbaatitti dhalatan. Hoggaa Umriin barnootaaf geeyse barnoota amantii Islaamaa abbaa saanii jalatti barachaati guddatan. Dr. Muhammad Rashaad barataa faxina turan. Kanaafuu, barnoota bu’uraatiifi kan sunitti aanu yeroo gabaabduu keessatti xumuran. Kana malees, sabboonaa roorroon sabni Oromoo sirna nafxanyaa jalatti mudate isaan anaannachiiftu turan. Hoggaa umriidhaan dardarummaa guutan waahila isaanii tokko wajjiin miilaan Laga Arbaatii ka’anii, dura magaalaa Ciroo gayan. Achirraahis tirachaa magaalaa Harar gayan. Waan Ciroofi Hararitti argan laalchisee bara 1992 keessa yeroo duraatiif gara biyyaa hoggaa dhufan gaaffii fi deebiin godheef keessatti akkana jedhan: “Hoggan magaalaa Ciroo gaye, ashkara Amaaraa kan ‘irgiccaa’ dhiituun arke. Magaalaa Hararittiis waanuma akkasiitiin arke. Yoo anaatii ashkarri Oromoo miidhu bakkuma lameen kana jira. Kanaafuu anaafi waahilli kiyya biyyaa baanee biyya Islaamaa dhaqnee rakkoo sabni keenya qabu itti himnee hidhannoo akka nuuf kennan kadhanna. Achirraa hidhannee bombii harkatti qabannee tokkoon keenya gara magaalaa Harar, tokko ammoo, gara magaalaa Ciroo sunitti deebinee yeroo takka kessatti Ashkaroota bakka lameenuu jiran bombiidhaan daaraa gooneeti saba keenya bilisoomsina” jedheetiin yaade. Yemmuu biyyaa bahaniis akeeka lama qabaachaati turan. Akeekni duraa barachuu yoo tahu kan lammadaa biyyatti deebi’anii diina saba miidhu murruq godhuudha.
Biyyaa ka’aniiti miilaan dura Jibuuti dhaqan. Achirraa dooniidhaan Yaman seenan. Yamanirraahis miilaani Su’uudiyaa dhaqanii magaalaa Madiinatul Munawwaraa qubatan. Hamtuun amna dheeraa kana keessatti qunnamaniis baay’ee nama sodaachifti; lubbuu Rabbi eewalami jedheen qaban malee, nama umriidhaan turee as gayu tahuun akka jabaadha. Yeroo hamma tokkoof Su’uudiyaa taa’aniiti booddee gara Suuriyaatti deeman. Achitti barnoota saanii yoo xumuraniis xalayaa ragaa takkaan malee geggeeffaman. Yoos gara Misratti qaceelanii Universitii Al Azharitti galmeeffaman. Achitti Digrii Duraa, itti aanseetis Digrii Lammaffaa argachuudhaan eebbifaman. Barnoonni baratanis guddichi (major) barnoota amantii haatahu malee, barnoota hawaasaa (Sociology), xiinqalbii (Psychology), Manxiq (Logic), xiinqoonqa (linguistics) barataniiti jiran.
Dr. Muhammad Rashaad hayyuu hayyummaa saa beekkoomsaan mirkaneessa qofa miti. Sabboonaa hojiidhaan maalummaa saa mul’iseesi. Universitii Al Azhar kutaa afaanii keessa damee afaannan alagaa itti barsiifamuutu jira. Afaannan achitti barsiifaman keessaa, tokko, afaan Amaaraati. Dr. Rashaad suutatti itti dhihaatanii dubbiin dhugaa tahuu hoggaa hubatan seerumaani “Afaan Oromootis nuu naqaa” jedhanii gaaffii saanii dhiheeffatan. Gaaffiin saanii hoggaa fudhatama dhabde “Maalif” akka didamte gaafatan. “Afaan Oromoo Qubee hinqabu; kanaaf dinne” jechuudhaan deebii laataniif. Haalli kuni hayyicha kana garamitti akka bobbaase tilmaamuun nama hindhibu. Gadaan achiin duraa tanuma ofiif barachuuf itti tattaafatan turte; tan achiin boodaa immoo, saba saa barsiisuuf tattaaffii adda citii hinqabne itti jalqabani. Afaan Oromoo qubee hinqabu; qubee dhabuun kabajaa afaannan biroo argatan isa dhabsiisuun hedduu itti dhagayame. Qubee qabaatee afaan ittiin barreeffamu tahuu akka qabu itti amane. Dirqama kana ofitti fudhatee tarkaanfii saa jalqabe. Tattaaffii Sheek Bakrii Saphaloo qubee Afaan Oromoo uumuudhaan godhaniifi sheekkaniifi darasoota faana Aanniyyiifi Daanniyyi bu’uudhaan Qubee Arabaatin Afaan Oromoo barreessan qoratanii tolaafi gufuu qaban adda baafatanii hubachuu jalqaban. Ulaagaalee barbaachisoo fi murteessoo jedhaniin hunda madaaluu itti fufan. Ulaagaaleen kuniis:
- Mallattoon filatamtu tan sagalee Afaan Oromoo sun guututti bakka buutu tahuu,
- Namni qubee sun barsiisu laaftutti argamuu; bakkayyuus jiraachuu.
- Makiinaaleen ittiin katabaniifi ittiin maxxansaniis lafa jiraachuu
Ulaagaalee sadeen kanaan Qubee lameenuu hoggaa madaalan lameenuu fullahuu ykn bakka gayuu hindandeenye; lameenuu hinkufan.
Qubeen Arabaa ulaagaalee sadeenuu guutuu hindandeenye. Gara mallattootiin afaan Oromootiif hintaatu; hinhanqatti. Mallattoolee sagaleelee Afaan Oromoo jahaaf bakka bu’uu dandayan hinqabdu. Mallattooleen jahanis kanneen akkaataa ammaatti kataban kana: “G, C, CH, DH, NY, PH” . Hanquu tana ibsuuf fakkeenyuma Dr. Rashaad natti himanin dhiheessa. Hima akkanatti barreessinu kana “Dhagaa caphsii cirracha nyaadhu” qubee Arabaatiin barreessuun hindandayamu. Jijjiirama tokko tokko itti godhuudhaan sagaleelee tana akka bakka bu’an gochuun hindandayama. haatahu immoo, makiinaan akkasitti qoramtee tolfamte lafa hinjirtu; beekaan beekkoomsa kana qomaa qabaatee yoggasumatti barsiisuu dandayuus hinjiru. Kanaafuu, Afaan Oromoo ittiin barreessuuf filachuus moggaafachuus hindandeenyu.
Hayyoota Oromoo kanneen Afaan Oromootiif qubee qoranii qopheessuuf tattaaffii godhan keessaa, kan duraatiifi guddichi, Sheek Bakrii Saphalooti. Qubeen Saphaloo qubee ajaa’ibaati. Qubee takkittiin Afrikaa keessatti dhalattees isii tana. Qubee ilma Oromootiin qoramtee Oromiyaa keessatti dhalatte tahuu isiitiin malees, qubee saba Oromoo saba qubee ofii qabu taasifte waan taateef ayaa hundi keenya ittiin boonnu, tan yaadqalbii sabaa ar’aas jajjabeeysituufi niis dagaasituun jedha. Asirratti waa himee taruun fedha. Qubeen Saabaa Qubee biyya Yamanitti dhalattee warra Habashaatiin gara Afrikaa as goodaante malee Afrikaa keessatti hindhalanne. Ragaalee baay’ee tarree galchinee dhiheessuus ni dandeenya. Akeekni barruu tanaa garuu, kana miti. Kanaafis kanumaan irra tarree hegere hoggaa feesise itti deebina.
Qubeelee lameenuu tan Arabaatiifi tan Saphaloo gara ulaagaalee lameen irraa boodaatin yoo laalle Arabaatu irra wayya. Kanaafuu Dr. Rashaad osoo Misra jiranuu hamma qubeen irra wayyaa argamtutti yeroodhaaf qubee Arabaatitti fayyadamuu turan. Maluma Aanniyyi fi Daanniyyi jalqabanitti jijjiirama tokko tokko itti godhanii bifa Afaan Oromoo ittiin barreessuuf maltu taasisan. Akkasiinuu harkaan malee, makiina barruutiin barreessuun hindandayamne. Afaan Oromoo qubee qabaachisuuf tattaafachuun isaa akeeka qaba. Akeekni isaatis Univarsitii Al-Azhar damee afaannan alagaa sunitti deebi’ee warra afaan Oromoo Qubee hinqabu jedheen suniin kunoo“Afaan Oromoo Qubee hinqabaa akka ittiin barsiifamu amma nuu hayyamaa” jedhee afaan Omootinis akka barsiifamu gochuudha. “Harki diddaaf deemu daduu hinseenu” jetti Oromoon. Jarri ammas hindidan; tattaaffiin Sheek Mahammad Rashaad Misratti gochaa turees milkaawuu hindhabde. Tattaaffiin Afaan Oromootiif Qubee barbaaduuf jalqabe ammoo, hamilee finiintuufi fedhii cimtuudhaan itti fufte.
GODAANSA GARA SOOMAALIYAA
Oduun biyyaa dhuftu yaada biyyatti deebi’uu jedhu haqanqoorteeti nama keessaa fixxi. Warri ofiin biyyaa bahee, alatti baratee biyyatti deebi’e hiree gaariin isaan hinqunnamne. Garii hinhidhaman; garii achi buuteen isaanii hinbeekkamtu. Sabbaba kanaafis biyyatti deebi’uun akka harka ofiitiin du’aaf dabarsanii of kennuutti hubatame. Malli hafe biyya ollaa dhaqanii biyyatti dhihaatanii jiraachuu tahe. Biyyoota ollaa keessaahis Somaaliyaan irra wayyaa taatee waan mul’atteef garasitti godaanuun dirqama tahe.
Hubachiisa:
Qubeen ABOn dura ittiin fayyadame kanneen tarree galfaman sun (C, D, NY, S, PH) gararreerraa harriiqqaa ykn sarara xiqqaa qabu. Kan Haylee fidaa ammoo, baallaa qarri lameen ol garagalan ofirraa qaban. Qubeen arra mallattoo “x” tanaan bakka buufamte ammoo, T barreessaniiti qabxii xiqqoo miiljaleerra kaayan.
Dr. Mahammad Rashaadis hamma warra ABOtiin wal hinqunnaman mallattoon qubee arra “X” jennuun tanaaf “TH” katabuudha turan. Booddee marii bal’oo godhaniin qubee Ingiliizii tan lafatti hafte “X” (tan eks) jedhaniin sun maqaa arra qubee Oromoo keessatti qabdu itti moggaasaniiti garri lachuu fudhatee ittiin fayyadame.
Qubee Afaan Oromoo ittiin barreessuuf toltu moggaasuuf biyya keessattiis alattis qabsoo ciccimtuu tu godhame. Qabsoofi tattaaffiin tuniis jijjiirama kufiinsa mootummaa Haylesillaasee booda jajjabaatteeti itti fufte. Mootummaan Dargii Afaan Oromoo Qubee Saabaatiin akka barreeffamu murteessite. Gaazexaa Bariisaa dhuunfaadhaan maxxamfamaa ture ni dhaaltee qabeenya mootummaa tahee akka itti fufu godhe. Gaazexaan Bariisaa dhaloota isiitirraa qubee saabaatiin barreeffamaa turte. Akkasiinuu Bariisaan barruulee qubee Laatiiniin barreeffamanii maxxamfaman fuula gariirratti baasuu turte; hanqina qubeen saabaa qabduufi mijjooma qubeen Laatin Afaan Oromootiif qabdu basaqeeysatti ibsuudhaan dubbistootaaf dhiheessuudha turte. Bara Dargii qubee Laatiiniin barreessuu dhiisii yaaduunuu yakka guddaa ture. Ob. Mahdii Haamid Muudee, editara fi qopheessaan gaazexaa Bariisaa, osoo kana beekuu soda takkaan malee, qubee Laatiniin barreessee akka raabsamtu godhee dhaamsa sun ummataan gayeeti jira. Sababni Dargiin gaazexaa Briisaa humnaan fudhatee mootummaa jalatti akka maxxamfamtu itti godhees kanuma.
Haaluma akkasiitiin wallisaan, sabboonaafi qabsaawaan Oromoo beekkamaan, Dr. Alii Birraa bara 1976-tti akkana jechuudhaan wallise:
Qubeen Oromoo qubee Laatin akka taatu sodaa malee wallise; kaaseeta maxxanseeti raabse; dhaamsa kanaasummataaf labsuudhaan aantummaa Qubee Oromootiif qabu ifatti ibsee kumaatamoota barsiisee qabsoodhaaf kakaase.
Yeroo sun mootummaan Dargii afaan Oromootiif Qubee Saabaa moggaafte. Kitaabban barnoota bu’uraa ni qopheessite; duula beekkoomsaafi guddinaa jechuudhaan barattoonni biyyattii akka duulanii ummata ijaataniifi barsiisan ni labsite. Hayyootaafi sabboontoonni dantaa Oromootiif anaannatan hundi qubeelee lafa jiran keessaa tan mijjooma qabdu qubee Laatin qofa tahuu barsiisuufi falmachuu isaanii itti fufan.
Dr. Muhammad Rashaad beekkoomsa biyya alaatti baratan saba saaniitiif qooduuf biyyatti deebi’uun harka ofiitiin du’aaf of kennuu itti taate. Misraa deemuun dirqama; malli biyyatti siqanii qubachuuf filmaanni biyya takka qofa tahe. Biyti gaafasitti irra wayyaa Soomaaliyaa waan taateef garasitti godaanaan. Yeroon yeroo J/ Ziyaad Barree mootummaa Abdirashiid Ali Sharmaarkee fonqolchee aangoo itti dhunfate turte. Ziyaad Barreetis siyaasaa gara bitaa awaddu ofitti fudhatee biyyattii daandii soshalistiirra kaaye. Afaan Soomalee afaan barruu tahee akka ittiin barsiifamuufi ittiinis hojjetamu ni murteessan. Qubeen filataniis Qubee Laatiin taate. Koreen dhimma kana geggeessitee fiixa baaftuus ni jaaramte. “Sheek Mohammed Rashaadiis miseensa koree sunii akka tahu godhame” warri jedhu ni jiran. Ani garuu, ragaa dhugooma waan kanaa mirkaneessu ammoo, hamma ammaatti hin argine.
Somaaliyaatti hoggaa godaanan wanni duraa bakka qubatan qabaachuudha. Itti aansee biyyaafi qilleensa biyyaatiin wal fudhachuudha. Sun booda osoo hin turin waan sabaaf tolu argamsiisuuf tattaaffii isaanii itti fufan. Dr. Mahammad Rashaad ummnni bal’aan akka baratee, waa hubatee, dammaqee bayyanatu hawwan. Karaan garasitti nu geessu karra qaba; karri suniis barnoota jedhan. Hawaasa Oromoo kan halaala jiru kana halaalaa barsiisuuf afaan Oromoo afaan Miidiyaa akka tahu gochuu feesisa. Kana jechuun: gaazexaa, kitaabbaniifi barruulee ummanni irraa baratu maxxansanii raabsuu; raadiyoofi TV keessaan ummata gurra ykn gurraafi ija ummataa gayuu barbaachisa. Hawaasa dubbisuufi barreessuu hin beekne kan akka hawaasa Oromoo hoggaa tahe wanni miidiyaa elektronikaa caalu hin jiru. Raadiyoo keessaan dhaamsa qabdu bifa sagaleetiin akka dhagayutti gara gurra saa erguu, ykn TV keessaan dhaamsa qabdu bifa suursaga (suuraa fi sagalee) taheen gara argaafi dhageeytii ummataatiif qilleensarraan itti erguudha. Namni waan qabuun, waan dandayuuniifi waan lafa jiruun jalqaba. Tattaaffiin jalqabaa afaan Oromoo raadiyoona akka seenu gochuudha. Sheek Rashaad kana hoggaa himan akkana jedhan: “Ani beekkoomsa xiqqaa tokkoon qaba; Raadiyoo hinqabu; maallaqa bahii hojii tanaatiif feesisuus hinqabu.
Abdiin kiyya Tokkicha na uume qofa. Akka na gargaaruus shakkii hinqabu. Kanaafuu Isa abdadhee Isarra of kaayeetiin qondaalootafi itti gaafatamoo Raadiyo Maqdishoo bira dhaqee Afaan Oromootis akka nuu naqan itti iyyadhe. Sababoota siyaasaa, kan diplomaasiitiifi kanneen adda addaa dhiheessuudhaan “Lakki, lakki. Kuni Tophiyaa wajjiin wal nu lolchiisa; seera akkaataa ollaan waliin itti jiraatu ni cabsa. “Kuni hin tahu” naan jedhan. Ani garuu, hifaataan maleetti itti deddeebi’ee, yaada fi mala garagaraa itti dhiheessuudhaan tura keessa deebii jaalannu nuuf kennan. Afaan Oromoo raadiyoo maqdishoo ni seene. Haa tahu ammoo, Afaan Oromo jechuu nuf hayyamuu ni didan; diduu qofa miti, nuus ni dhoowwan. Faraqaa Afaan Qottuu” akka jennu nutti himan. Raadiyoonni sun arra hin jiru; yaadannoofis kunoo akkanatti jalqabuu ture: “Kun Raadiyoona Maqdisho qooqa Jumhuriya Dimoqraasii Somaalee faraqaa Afaan Qottuti) jechuu ture. Booddee tura keesaa ammoo, “Kun Raadiyoona Maqdisho qooqa Jumhuriya Dimoqraasii Somaalee faraqaa Afaan Gaallaati” jechuutti jijjiirame.Guyyatti sa’aa takka dabarsuu ture; qophiilee adda addaa: oduu addunyaa, gorsa fayyaa, barnoota amantii, haasawa manguddoo, walleefi muziqaa, kkf ). Raadiyoonni sun ummata ni gammachiise; ni barsiise; ni bayyanachiise; ummata dantaa ofiitiif falmatu ni taasise. Bifa waliigalaatiin humna qabsoo itti aantuuf qophaawe ni uumte. Hayyichi Afaan Oromoo afaan raadiyoo akka tahuu tattaafatees Dr. Mahammed Rashaad Abdulleeti.
Tattaaffiin hayyichi kun Somaaliyaa keessa osoo jiruu godhe itti fufa qabsoo Misratti jalqabamte tahuu dagachuu hin feesisu. Tuniis Afaan Oromoo Afaan ittiin Barruutiifi afaan barnootaa gochuudha. Qubee ulaagaalee sadeen gararreetti ibsaman guututti qabdu moggaasuu, mariidhaaf dhiheessuu, hoggaa fudhatamtees Qubee Oromoo tahuu sii murteessuudha. Tattaaffiin garanaan biyya keessatti godhamaa turte gufuu adda addaati mudatte. Gufuun duraa warra Afaan oromoo afaan katabbii (afaan barruu) akka hin taane fedhan hunda of keessaa qaba. Isaanis mootummaa Nafxanyaa, nafxanyoota yaada mootummaatti amananiifi kanneen yaadqalbii suniin masakaman hunda of keessaa qaba. Jarri kun bifa dandayan hundaan afaan Oromoo afaan barruu akka hin taane gochuuf tattaafatan. Hamma bara 1974 Qubee fedheen afaan Oromoo barreessuun yakka ykn wanjala ture. Ergas ammoo, bara Dargii keessa qubee Saabaatiin malee, qubee biraatiin afaan Oromoo barreessuun yakka tahuun itti fufe. Arra garuu, seeraan murteeffame: Oromiyaa keessatti afaan Oromoo afaan barruu, afaan hojiitiifi afaan barnootaati. Murtii tanaas walgahii Duraa tan Caffee Oromiyaatu murteesse.
Gufuuleen tattaaffii tana heewasan biyya alaattis hin hanqanne. Humnoota gaafa Soomaaliyaan qubee Laatin moggaafatte dura dhaabbate suniitu afaan Oromootis heewasuu jalqabe. Jarri kuni akka warra Habashaatti qubee Saabaa haa tahu hin jenne. Waa mara ija amantiitin laalan; qubee Arabaa filachuu dhabuun akka waan amantii diduutti hubatan. Gariin isaanii tafsiira (hiikkaa) haaraya tolfataniiti “Laatiin jechuun “Laa diin” ykn (Amantiin hinjirtu) jechuu waan taheef irraa dhaabbadhaa” jedhan. Jarri kuni qubeen Arabaa Diin-Islaam dura, gaafa jaahiliyyaa dhaamsa zamana jaahiliyyaa ittiin barreeffamaa akka turte dagachuun isaanii ni mala. Garii ammoo, jaalala amantii ofiitiif qabaniin qubee Arabaatiifi afaan Arabaa bay’ee jaalatan. Qubee Arabaa afaan Oromootiif moggaasuun amantiin sun akka babal’atuuf haala mijjeessuu akka tahetti amanan.
Jaarmayni dhiibbaa akkanaa gochaa turte takka Raabixatul Islaamiyyaadha. Raabixaan tuni biyyoota ollaa (Suudaaniifi Soomaaliyaa) keessatti qubeen Arabaa afaan Oromootiif akka moggaafamtu dhiibbaa cimaa gochaati turte. Dhibbaa tana fashalsiisuuf tattaaffiin Dr. Mahammad Rashaad Soomaaliyaa keessatti godhan kan seenaan dagattuu miti. Walgayiilee garanaan godhamaa turanirratti argamuudhaan ibsa bal’aa raga gayaa diduun hindandayamne iin waldhiheessaati turan. Hayyoota gaafas tattaaffii sun keessatti hirmaatan keessaa, tokko, Ob. Xaahaa Abdii akkana jedhan: “Dhiibbaan Raabixaan gootu cimtee hunda keenya hifachiiftee abdii nu kutachiisuu bira geyseeti turte. Haala sun keessatti anaa garaan na gubatee rakkachutti jiru Sheek Mahammed Rashaad : “Qubee Arabaatiin afaan Oromoo katabuu narra ka moyxannoo itti qabu hin jiru.Rakkoo, dhibdeefi hanquu qubeen tun qabdu ka beeku ana. Yeroo ammaatti garayyuun madaallee hoggaa laallu qubeen qubee Laatinirra afaan Oromootiif mijjooytu hinjirtu. Garanaan anaatu warra Raabixaatin falmaati abshir je’aa” jechuudhaan garaa nu qabbaneesse” jechuudhaan ragaa bahe. Akkuma jedhanitti Dr. Rashaad muggutii Raabixaatirra aananii barreeffamni Afaan Oromoo bifa isaan maluun daandii guddinaarra akka qaceelu qooda daaddaa hin qabne gumaachaniiti jiran.
Tattaaffii Qubee afaan Oromoo moggaasuuf godhamte keessatti kitaabni duraa “FURA AFAAN OROMOO” yoo tahu bara 1969-itti Maqdishotti barreefame. Kitaabni sun mootummaa Somaaliyaatin hin fudhatamne. Inumaatuu bifa suniin maxxamfamuun isaatuu akka yakkaatti ilaalame Sheek Rashaad qabanii hidhuuf warra nagaya eegu itti bobbaasan. Jaarsi garuu, mimmiliqaa jiraateeti manguddoo keessaan ofirraa qabbaneessee fedhii isaaniitis hubate. Gaafas Somaaliyaan Ogaadeeniifi lafa Oromiyaa kutaa bahaatiifi kan kibbaarraa ciqqaawwatanii muratanii biyya “Soomaaliyaa Guddittii” (Soomaali Weyn) ijaaruuf shakaran. Eenyummaa saba Oromootis haaluudhaan maqaa haaraya “Soomaali Abboo” jedhanii waaman itti moggaasan. Kitaabni Fura Afaan Oromoo yakka tahee magaalaarraa guuramuunis sababni saa kana. Suniis “Fura Afaan Abboo” tahee akka maxxamfamu ajajan. Mataduree malee qabeentaan kitaabaa ka duraaniitin addaa miti.
Sheek Dr. Mahammad Rashaad, kitaabban baay’eedha barreessan. Baay’een achiin dura waan hin barreeffaminiif isaatu ka duraa taha. kitaabban ijoollee barreessuuf inni ka duraati. Qur’aana guututti gara Afaan Oromootti hiikuudhaaf inni ka duraati. Kanuma bifa lamaan barruufi sagaleedhaan biyyaaf qopheessuu isaatinis inni ka duraati. Kana malees kitaabban amantiitiifi kan hawaasaa kanneen adda addaa kitaabsuu isaatiif inni ka duraati. Isaan keessaa hamma tokko: Hadiisa Afurtamman Nawawii, Seeraafi Naamusa Hajjii, Gadaa Islaamaa (Hundeelee Amantii Islaamaa), Tajwiida Qur’aanaa (Akkaataa Qur’aanni Itti qara’amu), Manxiq (Logic), kkf. Kanneen malees, kitaabban Sheekkoo walalooleefi gorsoota adda addaatis barreessaniiti jiran. Ija kanaatiin ragaalee lafa jiran hundaan Sheek Mahammad Rashaad “Abbaa Barreefama Afaan Oromooti” yoon jedhe itti xiqqaata malee, itti hin guddatu. Sheek Mohammed Rashaad umrii saanii guutuu Oromoo fi Oromummaaf waa buusuuf wareega godhan. Waggoota hamma tokko dura osoo Su’uudii jiranuu faalij irra gayeeti yeroo dheertuuf dhukkubsatan. Booddee gara biyyaa ofiitti galanii magaalaa Dirree Dhawaatti May 25, 2013 du’aan adduyaa tanarraa galan.(Rabbi Rahmata Isaaniif Haa Godhu; Ol’aantii Jannataa Jannatul furdowsiin isaan haa qananeeysu)
Dr. Sheek Mahammad Rashaad hayyuu ummata ofii dagatee osoo humaa hin dhiisiniif aakiratti deeme miti. Marsaa internet keessatti “Bakka Rashaad” jedhee “website” ofii ijaarratee hojiilee saa kan bara hedduu achirra kaayeeti dhaalmaya dhalootai kaniifi kan hegereetiif gayu dhiise. Kana gochuu isaatiin ammas hayyuu duraa tahuu saa hundi keenya ragaa dha. www.rashaad.org dhaqaati dhaala isiniif lakkise daaw’adhaa.
Hikkaa Jechootaa
Waaheellan barruu tana osoo ummatatti hi bahin dura dubbisan “xumuratti hiikkaa jechootaa yoo itti dabalte gaarii dha” jedhanii waan na gorsaniif kunoo itti dabalameera. Bakka barbaachisutti jechi hiikamu uunkaa barruu tana keessatti ittiin mul’ate qofa osoo hin tahin hundee isaatii fi hortee achirraa dhalatanis ni dhiheessina.
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2 Comments
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The Oromian bateleur:
Dr. Abdulsemed Mohamed
Thank you very much for throwing a light onto the darkness which has suffocated the Oromo languague with it’s pioners pictures.
I beg you if you can publish it as the books.
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Biruk:
these is the method of expanded the islam religious so, it was not the out come of research or study I don’t expect like these how ever oromo is not the way for any arab


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Oromia: Weellisaa Kadir Martuu maa’ikalaawwiitti hiraarfamaa jira;ilmaan Oromoo ukkaamfaman hedduunis maa’ikalaawwii dhiphisanii jiran
(Qeerroo, Finfinnee, 18 Hagayya 2012) Yeroo dheeraaf eessa buuteen isaa dhabamee kan jiru, Artisitiin Oromoo beekamaa fi jaalatamaa Kadir Martuu mana hidhaa Maa’ikalaawwii keessatti hiraarfamaa akka jiru saaxilame.
Oduu mana hiraarsaa Maa’ikalaawwii keessaa Qeerroo dhaqqabe akka saaxilutti,wallisaa beekkamaa Artiistii Oromoo Kadir Martuu lukkeelee fi basaasota Wayyaanee Biyyaa Sudaan keessa jiraataniin qabamee mana hidhaa Sudanittii darbatamee ture.
Artisitiin kun yeroo dheeraaf erga ergaramaa tureen booda basaasota Wayyaaneetti kennamee akka hiraarsaa saaxilamu godhame.
Akka Seera baqattummaa addunyaatti namni dahannaa siyaasaa gaafate tokko fedhii isaa malee gara biyya irraa baqateetti deebifamuu hin qabu.
Haata’uutii, hireeen baqattoota Oromoo bakka iyyuutti fedhii isaanii malee biyya keessaa baqatanitti humnaan deebifamaa jiraachuu kan dhiyeenyatti hubachiise humnaan butamuu fi ukkaamfamuun Kadir Martuu haga yeroo odeessi kun argameetti achi buuteen isaa dhabamee ture.
Akka odeessi maa’ikalaawwii keessaa argame kun dabalee hubachiisutti, Kadir Martuu erga Sudaan irraa gara Mana Hidhaa biyyaattii kan ilmaan Oromoo irraattii gochi dhala namaa irraattii hin dalagamne dalagamu, mana Hidhaa Maakalawii keessatti tumamaa fi hiraarfamaa jira.
Yeroo ammaa kanas qaamni isaa hedduu miidhamee kan jiru yoo ta’u, waa’ee isaa akka nmni biraa hin argineef dhoksaatti hidhanii akka jiran beekamee jira.
Ilmaan Oromoo hedduunis kanneen biyyoota akka Somaalii laandi, Jubutii fi kanneen biroo keessaa humnoota tikaatiin ukkaamfamanii deebifaman mana hidhaa maa’ikalaawwii keessatti gochaan gara jabinaan guutame irratti raawwatamaa akka jiru beekameera.
Dhimma kana irrattis Liigiin Mirga Namoomaa Gaanfa Afrikaa baatii Guraandhala 2012 keessaa ibsa baasee fi ergaa pirezidaantii Sudaan, Omar AlBashiritti ergeen baqattooti Oromoo gara 15 caalan baatii humnaan qabanii mootummaa Itoophiyaatti kennamuun kan isa yaaddesse ta’uu ibsuun, keessaayyuu kannneen dahannaa siyaasaa gaafatan biyyatti humnaan deebisuun seera addunyaa kan cabse ta’uu isaa ibsuun, yoo Itoophiyaatti deebifaman, tarii, torturii fi hiraarsaan jabaa isaan mudachuu akka malu yaadachiisuun isaa kan yaadatamuu dha.
–Qeerroo

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filter: keep


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WASHINGTON DC—
Ijoollee Oromoo Bara 1888 gabrummaan gurguramanii gara gabaa Jeddaatti ituu geessamaaa jiranii, Humnii galaanaa Briteen kan yeroo sana naannoo Edeen to’ataa ture, giddu seenee ijoollee kana Birmaduu baase. Kanneen gabrummaan qabaman kun 204 yoo ta’an kanneen keessaa ijoolleen 183 turan.Ijoollee kana keessaa 64 gara Afrikaa kibbaatti ergaman.Shamarraan 22 fi dhiira 42 turan.
Shamarran kana keessaa tokko akkoo Dr. Neville Aleeksaandar Bishoo Jaarsaa turte.Gabrummaa keessaa eega baate booda barattee barsiiftuu ta’uuf carroomte.Intalli ishee Dimbitii Bishoo Aleksaander immo Ilmii ishee aangafataa Dr. Neeviile Aleksaandar jedhamu.
Dhukkuba yeroo gabaabaaf isaan mudateen Hagayya 27 bara 2012 umrii isaanii 75tti magaalaa keep Taawoon keessatti du’an boqotan.
Gaaffii fi Deebii MP3 tuquun dhaggeffadhaa
Dr. Neville Alexander
Dr. Neville Alexander kutaa 2ffaa


text:
Gooftaan Yesuus ammas dachaa isin haa ebbisu, hedduu itti ebbifameera.
Ayyaannii fi araarri waaqayyo kana irra akka isiniif baayyatuuf kadhata koo ti.
Waaqayyo inni hojii gaarii isin keessatti jalqabe hanga dhumaatti isin ha jabeessu…( Fil 1:6)
faarffaanan keebay’eex5 senaakoojjjiree namotaa biroottis akka tolu ittan ammana yeroo bay’eeosoon dhageefadhee hin nufuu
waqqayyoo bara amma barati sihaa ebisuu.
ammayyuu abdiin jira
faarffannaaan kee baay,ee baay,ee seenaa koo jijjiireera .gara daandii kooftaattis nadeebiseera waaqayyoo baay,isee baay,isee kana caala sihaaeebbisu .


text:
Waggoota torban darban keessa Iityoopiyaan guddina dinagdee dhibba irraa harka 11 kan galmeesiste si’a ta’u hiyyuummaan lammiiwwan ishee miliyoona 83 ta’uus gad xiqqaate.
Galama milenumii kan tokkummaa mootummootaas imaammat biyyoolessaan wal simsiisee hojjechuu irratti kan waggoota 20f aangootti ciche paartiin biyya bulchu hedduu hojjetee jira.
Amnesty Internationalitti directorr sagantaa Afriikaa Erwin van der Borght akka jedhanitti fooya’inni kun kan argame gatiin itti ba’ee ti jedhan.
Borght akka jedhanitti dhuguma Ethiopian gama misooma dinagdee isheen fooya’ina argamsiistee jirti. Garuu gam tokkoon immoo mirga sivilotaa fi kan polotiikaa kan akka mirga walabummaan yaada ofii ibsuu,of ijaaruu fi wal ga’ii nagaa geggeessuu hin kabajamu.
Gabaasi amnesty kan bara 2012 Itiyoopiyaa ilaalchisuun ba’e seera jaarmolii miga namaa ugguran akkasumas miseensota mormitootaa fi gaazexeessota dhibbaan laka’aman hidhaatti naquu ilaalchisee yaaddoo jiru irratti fuuleffata. Van der Borght akka jedhanitti uggura siyaasaa laaffisuun dantaa dhuma dinagdee Itiyoopiyaa gargaara.


text: 1Yu kakeeyta yoo, akas bōlāt nyēbo biich chēē chaang' kumwooyē kule, “Aleluuyya! Kāārārookiintēēt :Yēyiintēēnyoo, itōrōōroot ānku cheechii kāāmuukēywēēk. 2Bo man ānku chuulaat :kiyēē itiilē. Kiikōōtiilchi ng'aleek koorkoonoo kichoonchooyēn nyoo kinyēērēē kōōrēēt ām rōkōsnyii bo martaayeet. /Kikiing'woonchi koorkoonoo, kuuyu kibakach :inee choo kiyēchinē Yēyiin yiisyēēt.” 3Kibōl subak :bichoo kumwooyē kule, “Aleluuyya! Chiiltooy ākookoy :yyētiit ām kiriinkoonoo.” 4Kiiryookyi keey ānkukutunkyi :booyichoo tibtēmu āk ang'wan ākoo tukuuchoo sobchootiin ang'wan Yēyiin nyoo kimii kēēbuurēē ng'echereetaab bāytooyiisyēēt. Kimwooy kule, “Ameen, aleluuyya.” 5Nto mii yoo, kutook :kuut nyēē kichōōnēē yēbo ng'echeraanaa kimwooyē kule, “Ōsiltē Yēyiintēēnyoo, :akweek tukul choo ōywēyē ānkōōyēchinē yiisyēēnyii, ānkiimining', ee, nto iwōō.” 6Yooto akas kiyēē wuu bōlāt nyēbo lukēētaab biiko nyēē kiiruumē kuu bēēko chēē isuruurtooy ānkiichēyē :kaaruumaanaa kuu yiilat nyēē kōrōōm kumwooyē kule, “Aleluuyya! Bāytooyiisyē :Mokoryoontēēt Yēyiintēēnyoo nyoo bāwu kiy ake tukul. 7Okany keetankas ankeeng'erech ankiikaaste kuuyu kaakuyit :saakweetaab kāābkooyēēy nyēbo *Mēēnkit, ānkāākuchōb keey :murereenyii. 8/Kākiikoochi mureraanaa koolaach sirook chēē kāroorānēch, chēē leelach ānku tiliilēch.” Ibooru :siroochoo leelach yēyuutēk chēē churtootiin chēbo biikaab Yēyiin. 9Ām yooto, kumwoowoo :malayikeet kule, “Sir ng'aleechu: Ibēruurootiin :biich choo /kākēēkuur kuba saakweetaab kāābkooyēēy nyēbo Mēēnkit.” Kutāsyi :malayikaanaa kumwooy kule, “Ng'aleekaab man :chu chēbo Yēyiin.” 10Yu kāākuyityo :yoo, āryookyi keey taayeetaab kērēēnkōōkyii ākutunkyi. Nteenee kimwoowoo kule, “-Mēēkutung'woo! Anii āk inyiing' kēēyēchinē :tukwaay Yēyiin yiisyēēt āk mbo ng'eetaab koomēt choo kiikukiilchi lōkōōywēk kurubta keey Yēēsu. Kutunkyi Yēyiin nkit, kuuyu ng'āloolē baateey *:ng'ālooltooyiintēēt lōkōōywēk kurubta keey Yēēsu.” 11Kyaakas kuyaataat wōliin bo Barak kumii :faraasiit nyēē siirwoo nyēē kēsēnē chii. /Kēēkuurēē chiichooto ‘Manta nyēē /kiikoosēē keey.’ Yoo itiilē ng'aleek nto kuyēyē booryēēt, kuyēyē nyēbo churtaayeet. 12Wuu :koonyekyii maat nyēē irikitiitē ānkimii :mētinyii kuutwōōsyēkaab bāytooyiisyēēt chēē chaang'. Boonto kaayneet nyēē /kikēēsirchi nyēē -mēēnkēt :chii, nteenee :inee nkit nyēē inkētē. 13Kiilaach :inee sira nyēē kooy nyēē /kikiikiiluumta korotiik, nto kaayneenyii ku ‘Ng'ālyoontēētaab Yēyiin.’ 14Kirub chiichoo :lukēētaab booryēēt nyēbo Barak. Kikiilaach :lukoonoo sirook chēē nusyootiin, leelach ānku tiliilēch ānkiikēsēnē :faraasiinek chēē siirwoonēch. 15Kichuwunee kuutiinyii :chōōkiit nyēē ng'atiib nyēē mākuyēyiisyēē sukōōbēlēē biiko chēē -mēēywēyē Yēyiin. Mākōōng'woonchi bichoo ām kirōktaab bāytooyiisyēēt nyēbo karneet, ānku mākutum keey :korotiik kuu bēēkaab musābiibuunēk chēē /kakiitartaar kōōbooru nyēērunātēētaab Yēyiin nyoo bāwu kiy ake tukul. 16/Kikeesir ām sireenyii ākoo kibēēsnyii kaaynaani: ‘Bāytooyiintēētaab bāytooyik ānku Mokoryoontēētaab mokorēēnik.’ 17Kyaakas malayikeet nyēē kēēyyoong'ēē yēbo asiista ānkukuurē tāriitēk chēē kitēērēērtēē kōōrēēt barak kumwooyē kule, “Okwaa, ōruruuch keey kubo saakweetaab Yēyiin, 18soo-am banyeekaab bāytooyik, kāāyyoong'ikaab lukōōsyēk āk biikaab nkuruuk āk faraasiinek kuboonto keey biikwaa choo kēsēnē. Okwaa o-am banyeekaab biiko tukul, chēē bāwu keey āk chēē mātwoor, chēē wōōyēch āk chēē minkēēch.” 19Nto mii yoo, akas tyoonyoo bo rōkōs āk bāytooyikaab kōōrēēt kuboonto keey lukōōsyēkwaa bo booryēēt kukēēruruuch keey sukubooryēē chiichoo kēsēnē :faraasiinaa siirwoo āk lukēēnyii. 20Nteenee, /kikeenam tyoonyoo, kuboonto keey wōōrkooyoontoonoo bo ng'wiiynan nyoo kiyēyē tukuuk chēbo kwong'uut ām kāāmuukēywēēkaab :tyoonyoo. Kiibērbēērēē :wōōrkooyoontoonoo ng'aleechuutēchu bo kwong'uut bichoo kiboonto bēēruutyēētaab tyoonyoo āk choo kikutunkyinē tōōnnyii. /Kikēēwunukyi tyoonyooto kuboonto keey āk wōōrkooyoontoonoo bo ng'wiiynan kusobchootiin tōōliilēētaab maat nyēē ng'āsyānē. 21/Kikeebar lukōōsyēkwaa ām chōōkiinoo kichuwunēē :kuutiitaab chiichoo kikēsēnē :faraasiit. Yooto kyoomiis :tāriitēk tukul kut kulēēsān.


text:
Waamicha Walga’hii WWDO
Akkuma sagantaa keenya ji’a dabree irratti beeksifame walga’iin WWDO idleen Dilbata Onkoloolessa 07, 2012, sa’aa 6:00w.b. irraa jalqabee gaggeeffama. Sirna walga’ii keenya irratti qophiileen adda-addaa bashannansiisoo fi barsiisoo akkasumas kan haala yeroo waliin walqabate qophaa’ee jira. Kanaaf, dargaggoonni Oromoo Washington DC, Maryland (MD) fi Verginia (VA) jiraattan walga’ii keenya irratti argamuun hojii bu’uuraa tokkummaa Oromoo jabeessuu irratti dargaggooti geggeessa jiran irratti akka qooda fudhattan waamicha keenya kabajaa isiniif dabarsina. Qophii keenyatti bashannanaa walbira jiraachuu keenya haa muli’fnu!
Bakki: Jaarmiyaa Hawaasa Oromoo,
6212 3rd Street, NW,
Washington, DC 20011
Sa’aatii: 6:00w.b.
Dargaggoon Oromoo Irree Oromoyaati!
Koree gidduu WWDO (Waldaa Walgargaarsa Dargaggoota Oromoo) irraa.


text:
WASHINGTON,DC— Atileetotii Itoophiyaa Kedir Fiqaaduu,Saida Kedir, Koronii Jaliilaa, Amaanee Goobanaa Himaanaa Margaa,fi Hiwot Ayyaaloo dorgommi Sadaasaa11,2012 Beeruti, Istaanbuli fi Ispeenitti dorgoman moohatanii maqaa ufiiti fi biyya isaanii addunyaatti beessifatan.
Akka jecha leenjisaa atileetota Itoophiyaa Obboo Gammadoo Daddafootti maratoonii Beeruti Kadir Fiqaaduutti,2:12:57 moohate,gama dubraatii ammoo Sahaadaa Kadir 2:35:08,moohate.Ta Istaanbul ammoo Koronii Jaliilaatti 2:28:05tti galee tokkeessoo ,Amaanee Goobanaa 2:28:38galee lammeessoo tahe.Gama dorgommii fiigicha qaxxaamuraatiin ammoo Himaanaa Margaatti tokkeessoo bahee Hiywot Ayyaalootti gama dubraatiitokkeessoo tahee moohate.
Dorgommiin Beeruti tun dorgommii jajjabduu bokkaa fi bubbee keessaa fiigan ta dadhabbii guddoo qabdu.
Gama kubbaa miilaalleen gareen Itoophiyaa diqqaattullee mataa oli qabachaa kahuutti jirti.Akka jecha obboo Mokonnin Kuruu,damee teknikaa Federeshiinii Kubbaa Miilaatii nutti himetti Fedireeshiinii Kubbaa Miilaa Addunyaa,FIFA fi Konfedereshiiniin Kubbaa Miilaa Afrikaa(CAF) sadarkaa Itoophiyaan kubbaa miilaatii qabdu ya oli siissaniif.Kun akka obboo Mokonninitti waan guddoo.
FIFA fi CAF gabaasa kana ji’uma ji’aan baasan akka jecha obboo Mokonninitti jabeenna gareen kubbaa miilaa Itoophiyaa agarsiifachuutti jirtutti akkana oli kaasaa dhufe.
“Madaaliin tapha qofa irrattiin miti kan geggeeffamu…wantii guddaan gareen keennaa maal agarsiisee maal mullisee ..jedhanii akka ulaagaaleetti mullisu.”


text: 1Keemachina'ochi noonoona Yaafa Macaafooch shiichiqqi gibanikkiti Yeerichi mishiraachee qaaroyich bariqqa kaaccato, mishiraachacho tunoyich ceeggato, Yesuus Kiristoosichi wochee bushoo Phawuloosi taane. 3Ebi mishiraachoo Yeerichi Bushoo no Doono Yesuus Kiristoosichone. Biyoo meenona Daawitichi yaroochee shiijato, 4qitii duukkatina'ochi daggoochee Yeeri ooga giidoona biin bi kichoona nuggushittinee yaafittinoona Yeerichi Bushoo bi tuno bekkatone. 5Aagateena'o bullichi daggoochee boonoshi mulloon Kiristoosichi toommooch too'iiree biich de'a gettemmina'o danemmoyich, Yeeri Kiristoos waanaa mishiraachachoo tunaree Kiristoosicha getiree ta shuunemmoyich, wojoon taach immiye. 6Ebi aagateena'ochi daggoochee ittoshiyoo wotta Yesuus Kiristoosicho ittoshi tunemmoyich ceeggato ittoshine. 7Yeerina shunnati, yaafeeto ittoshi tunemmoyich Yeerina ceeggati, Room beeti ittoshi bullich; Nihoo Yeerinaa no Doono Yesuus Kiristoosinochi wojoonaa diggoona ittoshich tunabe. 8Ittoshi mulloon Kiristoosichi toommooch ittoshi too'iyoo shawee toommo bulliich beeti asheena'oyich waayee bi beetoyich, Yesuus Kiristoos waanaa ta Nuggushoo Yeerin gallatahoye. 9Ta corootii beeti aabo bullin kuxaanoon ittoshichon Yeerich shalligichii beeto taane; bi Bushoochi mishiraachee qaaroon getona ceeni ta mulloona ta maddii (maddaa) beeti Yeeri ebich miixoone. 10And ciiroochaa ittoshi waan ta woyemmoyich Yeeri gaawa bi daaggoo tuna gaata, ta gommon bi kaachemmoyich qollaa beeto taane. 11Ittoshi kupphemmoyich Yeerichi Ayaano taach immiti wojoochee ittoshich ta qoodemmoyich ittoshin beegga sharaataa beeto taane. 12Ebiyoo ta mulloon Kiristoosichi toommooch ta too'iyoon beegiree ittoshi kupphemmoyich, wotta tawoo ittoshichi mullee too'iyoon beegiree ta kupphemmoyichiye. 13Ta maneena'ote! Bara aagateena'ochi daggooch tunatoomon, ittoshi daggooch beeti asheena'o wotta ta gommona Kiristoosin boonoshi danemmoyich, wodda kaalloon ittoshi waan woya gabito taane; tunaballi and beddaahee womoyich hakkee ta qayon ittoshi ariiyemmoyich shunnoye. 14"Woraafa" getteetina'onaa hoxeetina'onoyich, ariyachina'onaa tuusheena'onoyich mishiraachee qaaroon ta gettemmoyich, Kiristoosichi hiishoo ta toommooch beetone. 15Ebich taach bi hakkeeyemmi gommo bullina Room beeti ittoshich wotta mishiraachee qaaroon getoyich qannito taane. 16Yesuus Kiristoosichi mishiraachee qaaro boonoshi mulloon Kiristoosichi toommooch too'iitina'o bullin, shiichiqqi Ayihudeena'on, aroochee Ayihudo tunataani asheena'on Yeeri wodii beeti giidoone. Ebich mishiraachee qaarona yeellataache. 17Ebiyoo mishiraachee qaaroona Yeer waanee danaa beeti cadiqo gaxxee bi beetoyichiye; bi gaxxee beeto, shiichoochee ciirooch beddaahee mulloon Kiristoosichi toommooch too'iyoonaniye. Yaafa Macaafooch bi kooreetoomon, "Bi mulloon Yeerichi toommooch too'iyoona cadiqito kashacho tunaree beeyemmone." 18Yeerichi ibara mooyo arichataachemmoyich boonoshi gondoona qerii beeti asheena'o boonoshi axaaxoonaa boonoshi gondo bullinochi toommooch Yeeri bi kaaree shiixxoon shimaayoochee kindiiyemmone; 19Ebiyoo asheena'o ariyoo boonoshi hakkemmi Yeerichi mooyo xalla boonoshich bi bekkaa beetoyichiye; Yeeri bi qelloona boonoshich bi bekkiitoyichiye. 20Yeeri shawoonaa shimaayoonon bi hallitoochee tiijiqqi bekkataani bi mooyina'o, eboshiyoo bulli yemeenee bi giidoonaa bi nuggushittinoona, bi halliti mooyina'oochee arichaqqi asheena'oyich xalla bekkaa beetina'one; ebich boonoshi damakemmi (damatehi) mooyon muccatina'one. 21Ebiyoo Yeeri koni bi gaata ariibee, Yeeri bi tunee oogoonaa gallatoonon biich boonoshi bajitoyichiye. Ebina duuba gabacho tunaheete; gabaalli boonoshi mullo xummahe. 22"Ariyacho noone" iibee tuushoo tunaheete; 23oogee yiirachi bulli yemeenee Nuggushoo Yeerich goyinnemmon qajiichii, qitemmi asheena'ochi, gaceena'ochi, kafeena'ochi, gijeena'onaa kubbi cooxina'onochi shaahiyoon boonoshi kishoona shuunaqqi eboshich goyinnaheete. 24Ebich boonoshinaa boonoshina boonoshi hajee meenon cooniiya, tiyaarii beeti ee'a mooyon boonoshi tuniiyemmoyich, Yeeri gonda qaatee toommooch boonoshin qajiye. 25Ebiyoo Yeerichi ibaroon kootoona boonoshi shadditonaa hallito beetee halleetoyich boonoshi goyinnaa madditonoyichiye. Ara halliti Yeeriyoo bulli yemeenoon gallateetone; tookkona. 26Ebichi naboona Yeeri yeellii beeti qaatee toommooch boonoshi beetee qajiye. Maacheena'olla boonoshi hallooch beeti mooyon hallooch aalli mooyona shaddiyeete. 27Ebiyoomon anaamina'o wotta boonoshi hallooch beeti mooyon, ebiyoo maacheena'ona tookkii qemon qajiichii, boonoshinaa boonoshina qaatoona baach micciyeete. Anaamina'o boonoshiyoomi anaamina'ochi toommooch yeellii beeti mooyon halliqqi boonoshi tuniiti gondoyich beda sheeroon boonoshi hajee kishoona danaheete. 28"Yeerin gabaache" iqqi boonoshi qajitoyich, tunataani mooyon boonoshi hallemmoyich, Yeeri boonoshin qajiye; ebich xumma gaboon baach gabiyeete. 29Axaaxoona, xu'oona, hiriggoona, gondoo bullinoo ceenniyeete; qanaato, ashi kashee kichoo, kaaro, dawushoo, baroon gondiyoo boonoshi mullooch ceenniye. Ashi shigoon gondii beetina'o, 30oonachina'o, Yeerin shixxii beetina'o, naagachina'o, babbareena'o, boonoshi qelloon oogii beetina'o, geecachina'o, moochi qaawachina'o, boonoshi niheena'onaa indeena'onoyich de'a getaaneena'o, 31shalligaalleena'o, wog biisheena'o, shunaalleena'onaa maac manjeena'ona tunaheete. 32"Ebiyoomi shuunoon shuunaa beetina'oyich qitoo tun beda mooyone" ii beeti Yeerichi calloon ariibee gonda mooyon shuunaheete; shuuno ikketo baach tunataanoon, ebi gonda mooyon shuunaa beetina'on "Ittoshi shuunaa beeto tatoone!" iqqi tookkii emiriyeete.


text:
WASHINGTON,DC—
Eeegee maqaa sirbaa itti baasan malee silaa maqaan warri baaseef,Alii Mohaammad Muusaa,sun qofan hin hamnee eegee hujiin ulfeessanii Dr.Ali Birraa ta'e. Alii Birraa gara ganna 14-15 keessa sirba jalqabe.
Namuu afaanuma ufiitiin sirbaa maanif anilleen kiyyana hin sirbine jedhee itti seene jedhe.Adoo akkanuma, afaan, aadaa, ummata,seenaa,siyaasaa fi waan hedduu faarsuu deemuma deemee ganna 50 gahe.
Dargaggoon Oromoo, MN,Amerikaa jiranilleen “jabaa keenna ka jiruu ulfeeffannee,ka du’ee hujii isaatiin qaabannee galata galchinaaf,” jedhanii jabaa ulfeessuutti jiran.
Warra hujii tanaa keessa jiru keessaa tokkoo Dr. Sintaayyoo Badhaaneeti,Atlaantaa,Amerikaa jira.
“Ali Birraa barsiisaa,qabsaawaa,Oromoo jedhee yaamaa…gaafa afaan Oromoo tuffatamee gadi qabamee …akka mataa ufiitti tahee warra Afran –Qallo waliin dabalamee…umrii isaa guutu tattafate.”
Akka Dr.Sintaayyootti, “jabaa keenna yo inni lubbuu dhabe qofa faarsuu qofaa mitii adoo innii lubbuun jiruullee faarsuu wayya.”
Qophiin tun waan Alii haga ammaa ummataa hojjate,jabeenna isaa faarsaniif.Seenaa isaa dubbachaa,kitaabatti barreessanii,vidiyoon qopheessanii lafa kaahuu.
Hujii tana akka Dr.Sintaayyootti ijoollee gannii 20 keessa jirutti qopheessuutti jiraa…“namii ummataa ufiitif jedhee dabre kabaja argachuu qabaa addunyaalleen beekuuf dandeetti.”
Qophii dargaggoon MN qopheessite tana sirbitoota Oromoo 17 caalanitti itti dhufee ummata gamamchiisa.Warrii seenaa Alii Birraa barreesse,qorate hedduulleen akkanuma dhufa.
Maqaa aritistoota Oromoo ka jiranii fi du’anillee walti qabanii kaan galateeffachaa, kaan maqaa isaanii yaamanii hujii isaatiin ulfeessuuf qophiitti jiran.Guyyaan Alii Birraatii qopheessan kun Adoolessa 4,2013 irra oola,akka Dr.Sintaayyootti MN nama hedduutti kaan ispoortii,kaan marii fi bashannana gara garaatii walti dhufa.
Mee tana ammoo caqasaa


text: 1Efireema asai haasayido wode, siyida asai yashshau kokkoriis; Israa7eela biittan eti bonchchettida asa. SHin Ba7aala giyo eeqaayyo goinnidosona; he mooruwaa gaasuwan haiqqidosona. 2Ha77ikka nagaraa bolli nagaraa oottoosona; qassi banttau goinnanau, seerissidi misileta medhdhoosona. He misileti hiillan biraappe merettidaageeta; eti ubbaikka kushe hiillai medhdhidoogeeta. Etabaa asai haasayiiddi, "Haa yiite; etayyo yarshshuwaa yarshshite; ha maraa misiliyaakka yerite" yaagees. 3Hegaa daafan eti maallado shaaraa mala, woikko guuran qolettiya maallado xaazaa mala woikko carkkoi audiyaappe denttidi efiyo suulla mala woikko maskkootiyaara kiyiya cuwa mala gidana. 4GODAI hagaadan yaagees; "Taani inttena Gibxxe biittaappe kessada ehiida GODAA intte Xoossaa. Intte taappe attin, hara xoossa erekketa; ashshiyaageekka taappe attin, hari baawa. 5Bazzuwan, mela biittan taani inttena naagaas. 6Taani inttena mizin, miidi kallideta; kallidi otorettideta; hegaappe guyyiyan, tana dogideta. 7Hegaa gishshau, taani intte bolli gaammo mala gidana; qassi maahedan, ogiyaa doonan zuggana. 8Marata wotti ekkido maaheedan, taani inttenaara gaittana; gaittada inttena daakerettana. Qassi taani inttena gaammodan yan maana; bazzo do7adan, inttena poosherettana. 9"Israa7eela asatoo, intte ta bolli, inttena maaddiyaagaa bolli morkketettan denddiyo gishshau, taani inttena xaissana. 10Intte tana, 'Nuussi kawonne deriyaa haariyaageeta imma' yaagidi oichchideta. Inttena ashshanau intte kawoi anee? Intte deriyaa haariyaageeti intte katamatu giddon augan de7iyoonaa? 11Taani ta hanqquwan intteyyo kawuwaa immaas; immada ta yiilluwan a diggaas. 12"Efireema mooroinne nagarai xaafettidi, mazggafa keettan uttiis. 13Maareti oiqqido maccaasiyaa tuggatiyoogaa mala tuggai a bolli yaana. SHin i eri bainna na7a; aissi giikko, i yelettiyo wodee gakkin, ba aayee uluwaappe wodhdhennan ixxiya na7a mala. 14Eta taani duufuwaappe ashshana; haiquwaa wolqqaappekka wozana. Haiquwau, ne boshati awaanee? Duufuwau, ne bashshai awaanee? "Taani ta asaayyo qarettikke. 15Efireemi ba ishanttu giddon minnikkokka, GODAI yeddido arshsho bagga carkkoi bazzoppe carkkiiddi yaana. Yobare a pulttoti to77ana; a haatta ollatikka melana. Buquraa i minjjiyo keettatun de7iya al77o miishsha ubbai bonqqettana. 16Samaariyaa asai bantta Xoossaa bolli makkalido gishshau, bantta mooruwaa qixaatiyaa ekkanau bessees. Eti bisuwan busakettana; eta guutta naatikka kinchchettana; eta shahaara maccaasatu uloikka phalqqettana" yaagees.


text: 1Ta qaalaa xoqqu oottada, taani GODAASSI waassais. Ta qaalaa xoqqu oottada, GODAASSI watiwatais. 2Ta qohuwaa ubbaa ayyo magannais; ta metuwaa ubbaa ayyo yootais. 3Taani hitido wode, neeni ta ogiyaa eraasa. Taani hemettiyo ogiyan taayyo gitiyaa qotti wottidosona. 4Taani ushachchi simmada xeelliyo wode, tana maaddiyaabi issoinne baawa; taani qosetta attiyoosi baawa; tana naagiyaabi mulekka baawa. 5Abeet GODAU, taani neeyyo hagaadan gaidda waassais; "Neeni taani baqatada attiyo soho; taani paxa de7ishin, tana gakkida saama" yaagais. 6Taani keehippe metootiyo gishshau, ta waasuwaa ezgga. Tana yedettiyaageeti taayyo keehippe wolqqaamido gishshau, tana etappe ashsha. 7Taani ne sunttaa galatana mala, tana qashuwaappe birshsha. Neeni taayyo kehiyo gishshau, xilloti ta yuushuwan shiiqana.


text:
Yaadannoo Adooleessa bara 2012 Read Amharic Version
Muslimoonni amantii haarawa Ahbaash jedhamtu dirqamaan nurratti fi’uun haa dhaabbatu jedhanii qabsoo jalqaban karaa nagayaatiin itti fufanii jiran.
Sagantaa sadaqaa fii tokkummaa biyya kheeysaa fii biyya alaattis Muslimoonni biyya teenyaa haala owwaan gaggeeysaati turan. Sagantaa sadaqaa fii tokkummaa bakka adda addaatti godhamaa tureef balaa hedduun gama mootummaatii Muslimootarratti xiyyeefattus muslimoonni obsanii karaa nagayaa qofa filchuun qabsoo nagayaa itti fufan.
Sagantaa sadaqaa fii tokkummaa akka walii gala biyya teenyaatti akka godhamu bakki filame Masjida Awaliyyaati ture, Guyyaanis Adooleessa 13 bara 2012.
Jalqaba qabsoon nagayaa bakka irraa dhalate, bakka koreen teenya hawaasaan itti filamte Awaliyyaatti sagantaan sadaqaa fii tokkummaa akka biyyooleeysatti godhamuuf murtaa’e.
Muslimoonni waan qabaniin hirmaatanii sagantaan qophaawuu jalqabe. Adooleeysa 13 bara 2012 Muslimoonni Magaalaa Finfinnee Masjida Awaliyyaatti sagantaa sadaqaatiif nyaata qopheeysaa jiran. Halkan san Waraanni mootummaa wayyaanee Awaliyyaarratti lola bane. Awaliyyaan waraanaan marfamtee, boombii nama ukkamsuun xiqqaa fii guddaa osoo adda hin basin ukkamsan.
Masjida Caphsanii kopheen keeysa seenan, Waraanni wayyaanee Muslimoota Masjidatti dheeyse itti seenee tumuudhaan hedduu madeeyse, dhiiga Muslimotaatiin Awaliyyaan dhiqamte. Waraannii Nyaata qophaawaa jiruu fii warra nyaata qopheeysaa jiru walumaan fi’ee bakka hin beekkamnetti deemeen. Muslimoonni Awaliyyaa kheeysatti nyaata qopheeysaa turan akka nama Boombii qopheeysaa jirutti gara laafina tokko malee miidhaman.
Balaan waraana wayyaaneetiin Awaliyyaattii gaggeeyfamaa ture Muslimoota biyyattii guutuu kheeysa jiranii fii biyya alaa jiran hunda biratti dhagayame. Namni hundi bakka jiruu booyuu, duaaii godhuu fii ergaa waliif dabarsuu itti fufe.
Akka Addaatti Muslimoonni Magaalaa Finfinnee kheeysa jiran Obboleeyyan Isaanii kan Awaliyyaa kheeysaa waraanaan tumamaa, hidhamaa jiraniif dirmachuu godhuuf masjida naannoo Isaanii jirutti walitti qabamuun Azaana godhuu jalqaban, Masjidni Finfinnee kheeysa jiru hundi Azaana godheen Muslimoonni awwaatan gama Masjida naannoo Isaanitti dhihaatutti walitti qabamanii gara Awaliyyaa deemuu jalqaban. Halkan dukkana Obboleeyyan ifii, Ilmaan ifii laaluuf warra manaa baherrattis lolli haarawani baname. Waraanni wayyaanee gocha sukkaneeysaa taha Muslimootarratti rawwaachuu jalqabe.
Dhiigni Muslimootaa Magaalaa finfinneetti dhangala’aati bula. Adooleessa 13 bara 2012 dhiigni Muslimootaa badii malee waraana wayyaaneetiin dhangalaafamaa ture Muslimoota biyya kheeysa Finfinnee ala jiranii fii Muslimoota biyyaa ala jiran hunda boochisaati bule. Halkan san Muslimoonni biyya teenyaa adunyaa guutuu kheeysatti argaman gocha sukkaneeysaa saniin gaddanii Rabbitti iyyataa bulan.
Adooleessa 13 bara 2012 Awaliyyaatti sagantaa sadaqaatiif nyaata warra qopheeysaa turerratti balaan dhaqqabde kan yoomiyyuu dagatamuu miti.
Shamarran, daraggaggoo, Maanguddoo, daa’imman osoo adda hin basin hunda jumlaan cufaqaa, boombii aaratiin ukkamsanii mana hidhaatti guuraa bulan. Masjida awaliyyaa foodaa Isaa caphsanii, hula caphsanii, minxaafa masjidaa irra waraanni wayyaanee kopheen deemaa dhiiga Muslimootaa gad naqaa bule.
Hawaasa Muslimaa magaalaa Finfinnee kan Awaliyyaaf diramatuuf manaa bahe waraanni dhiiga Isaanii dhangalaasee mana hidhaatti Isaan guuraa bule.
Haala saniin mootummaan wayyaanee qabsoo Muslimootaa tana nagayaa dhaamsuuf yaalii godhe. Dhiigni Muslimaa gad naqame daran Muslimoota qabsoof kakkase.
Mootummaan Muslimoota awaliyyaatti dhiiga Isaanii gad naquu qofatti hin dhaabbanne. Adooleeysa 13 irraa jalqabee guyyaa lamaaf Nama Muslimaa kan naannoo biraatii gama finfinnee deemu hunda karaatti makiinarrraa buusee gama magaalaa irraa dhufee akka deebi’u dirqisiisaa ture, Muslimoota mallattoo amantii qaban hedduu kan finfinneetti deemaa jiran hidhaan karatti hambiise.
Adooleessa 13 bara 2012 kana hundaaf jecha hin irraanfanne. Biyya teenyatti akka alagaatti laallamne.
Adooleeysa 14 bara 2012 Muslimoonni gocha sukkanneeysaa Masjida Awaliyyaatti waraanni mootummaa raawwate balaaleefachuuf masjida anawaaritti mormii nagayaa godhuuf salaata Zuhrii fii Asrii booda sagalee dhageeysisan. Garuu deebisaan Isaanii waraana Mootummaatiin tumamuu fii hidhamuu tahe.
Shamarran muslimaa irraa hijaaba mulquudhaan mana hidhaatti xiqqeysuu fii amantii Islaamaa arrabsuun waraanni mootummaa lola amantii Islaamaa irratti baname dirree baasee muslimoota hidhamaniif ibsu jalqabe.
Adooleessa 14 manni hidhaa finfinnee Muslimootaan guttamte.
Muslimoota laamsheeysuuf tarkaanfiin mootummaan fudhate hundi daran Muslimoota jabeeyse. Adooleeysa 15 bara 2012 Muslimoonni akka walii galaatti sagantaa sadaqaa fii tokkummaa awaliyyaatti godhamuu yaadame Masjida Anawaaritti haala owwaan gaggeeyfame.
Muslimoonni sagantaa masjida Anawar sanitti Qabsoo akka itti fufan beellama Maqaa Rabbiitiin seenan. Koreen teenya guyyaa san booda Muslimoota waliin sagantaa tokkollee qopheeysuu hin dandeenye. Isaanis hidhamanii balaaf saaxilaman.
Adooleessa bara 2012 kheeysatti seenaan dhiiga Muslimootaa yoomiyyuu ni yaadatti. Nuti guyyaa san hin irranfannu. Awaliyyaa booda mootummaan tartiibumaan gocha Isaa sukkanneeysaa muslimootarraan gahu jajjabeysee itti fufe. Masjida Anawaaritti muslimoonni tumamanii dhiigni Isaanii gad naqame, Daseetti waraanni Mootummaa duula muslimootarratti baneen dhiigni Muslimoota hedduu dhangalaafamee hidhaman.
Koreen teenyas Adooleessa 15 booda muslimoota wajjiin wal qunnamtti godhuu hin dandeenye. Waraanni hunda Isaanii mana Isaanitti dhaqee ilmaanii fii maatii Isaanii duratti tumaa fuudhanii mana hidhaa ma’akalaawii geeysan.
Adooleessa 13 bara 2012 waan kana hundaaf hin dagannu… Dhiigni Muslimootaa badii malee gad naqame daran jabina Muslimootaaf kennee Muslimoonni qabsoo nagayaa balaa wayyaanee hunda dandamatanii amata 3ffaaf itti fufanii jiran.
Koree teenya hidhuun, Muslimoota Asaasaatti ajjeesun, Kofoleetti Muslimoota fixuun, hararii fii Finfinneetti dhiiga Muslimootaa gad naquun, Daseetti Muslimoota masjidarra dhoorguun Qabsoon amantiif godhamtu tan nagayaa waan dhaabbattu kan itti fakkaatte mootummaan ihaadig fashala isaa argee jira.
Muslimoonni Adooleessa bara 2012 seenee cunqursaan daangaa itti gahe, seenee masjidni kabajaa itti dhabe, seenaa sadaqaa fii tokkummaaf muslimoonni mirga itti dhaban, seenaa koree teenya badii malee itti dhabne jechuun yaadanna. Gabrummaa amantii tan daangaa geeyseef ammoo qabsoo malee falli biraa akka hin jirre Muslimoonni hubatanii qabsoon haala owwaan itti fufaa jirti.
Inshaa Allaah ful duras hanga bilisummaa amantii guutuu aragannuu qabsoon teenya itti fufti.
Dhiigni Adooleessa 13 Awaliyyaatti dhangalaafame…
Hidhaafii Roorroon koree teenyaa
Ajjeechaan muslimoota asaasaa
Ajjeechaa kofolee
Ajjeechaan garbaa
Ajjeechaan dagaan
Ajjeechaan harar
Tuminsaa fii cunqursaan bakka adda addatti nurra gahe hundi amantiif jecha.
Amantii teenyaaf daran qabsaawuuf nu jajjabeeysa
Beellama keenya kan adooleessa 15 masjida Anawaaritti koree teenyaaf seenne, arra ni haaromsina, if duuba achi gargallee bakka irraa kaanee fii bakka geenye, maal argannee fii maal dhabne itti if madaalla,
Adooleessa 13 dhiiga keenya kan dhangala’een yaadanna. Qabsoof beellama rabbiif seenuu keenyaan yaadanna.
Jabeenyi roorroo, jabeenya qabsoof nuuf kenne saniin yaadanna
Adooleesa bara 2012 hin dagannu.


text:
WBOn Tarkaanfii Itti Fufe
Oduu ABO, Fulbaana 29, 2012
Tarkaanfii WBOn Fulbaana 21, 2012 Godinaa Wallaggaa Bahaatti fudhateen Loltonnii Wayyaanee afurfii fi dabbaalleen sirnichaa tokkoo hojii ala taasifaman. Humni Addaa WBO Waraanaa Wayyane daangaa Oromiyaa fi ummata Guumuz Onaa Yaasoo fi Onaa Haroo limmuu gidduu qubachuun Ummatotaa kanneen walittii buusuun dhiigaa wal dhangalaasisaa turan utuu isaan irbaata mana nama maqaan isaa Geetachoowu Ababee jedhamuu nyaataa jiranii Boombii itti darbuun loltota afur batalumatti ajjeesee jira. Kanneen ajjeefamanis:
1. Indaalee Baayyanee,
2. Abbabee Alamaayyoo,
3. Ajajaa Kudhanii Tasfaaleen Garbee
4. Fiqaaduu Galataa fi
5. Itti-aanaa Bulchiinsa Ona Yaasoo kan ta’e Geetachoo Abbabeeti.
Kana malees humni addaa WBO basaasaa Wayyaanee Godina Wallaggaa Bahaa Onotaa garaagaraa fi Godina Lixaa Shawaa Amboo, Onotaa akka Gudar, Calliyaa (Geedoo), gidduu deddeebi’un waan ummaannii kessa jiruu fi sabbontota Oromoo Godina lameenii irra jiran hordofuun gabaasaa kan ture Geetachoo Adaanuu jedhamuu irrattii Onaa Diggaa Saasiggaattii Fulbaana 24, 2012 tarkaanfii maayii irratti fudhateera.
IUOf!!