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Pulaar.org – Jeyi leydi | E ñalɗi 23, 24 e 25 suwee hitaande 2014, fedde FONADH (Mooɓondiral pelle ngenndiije daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee) yuɓɓinii ɗoo e Nuwaasoot, to Otel Tufeyla, gollordu yowitiindu e jeyi leydi e nder Muritani e dow gollondiral e UE (Dental Orop), e OXFAM, e gollidiiɓe Espaañ e PNUD (Tuugnorgal Ƴellitaare Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe).
Pulaar.org – Jeyi leydi | E ñalɗi 23, 24 e 25 suwee hitaande 2014, fedde FONADH (Mooɓondiral pelle ngenndiije daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee) yuɓɓinii ɗoo e Nuwaasoot, to Otel Tufeyla, gollordu yowitiindu e jeyi leydi e nder Muritani e dow gollondiral e UE (Dental Orop), e OXFAM, e gollidiiɓe Espaañ e PNUD (Tuugnorgal Ƴellitaare Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe).
Ina tawtoranoo ɗiin ñalɗi : nulaaɓe pelle remooɓe ; nulaaɓe pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ; fiilaaɓe nokkuuji mum en, dipiteeji, nulaaɓe pelle taccinanooɓe artiraaɓe ummoraade Senegaal; yimɓe tuugnorteeɓe (Ministuruuji e guwerneeruuji ɓooyɗi e jagge toowɗe e nder laamu) ; nulaaɓe partiiji politigi ; nulaaɓe ceŋɗe golle keeriiɗe ; jooɗaniiɓe juɓɓule e pelle adunayaŋkooje gollodiiɓe Muritani, yimɓe tuugneteeɓe bismaaɓe ummoriiɓe Senegaal e Mali.
E nder ñalawma gadano oo, gollordu nduu udditiri ko konngol Mammadu Saar koolaaɗo fedde FONADH, caggal nde o bismii gollidiiɓe fedde ndee e denndaangal tawtoraaɓe gollordu nduu, o holliti ko wonde sabu himme mo leydi jogii e nder nguurndam aadee, ko ɗum saabii hannde pooɗondire leydi ina jeyiaa e ko ɓuri teeŋtude e luure gonɗe e nder ngenndi hee hannde, haa ko e ɗum saaboo iñcuru e nder renndo hee.
Yoga e teddiniranooɓe gollordu nduu ƴettii konnguɗi ngam yettude Fonadh e gardiiɗo ɗum, ko wayi no gardiiɗo gollondiral e Espaañ, nulaaɗo dental oropnaaɓe (U.E), Sokna Mariyam Baro gardiiɗo OXFAM e nder Muritani. Kono konngol ɓurngol teskinde ko konngol Ekkehard Strauss jooɗaniiɗo Diiso toowngo pelle ngenndiije dentuɗe e nder Muritani ko feewti e jojjanɗe aadee : o holliri ko nduuɗoo gollordu ndu Fonadh yuɓɓini hannde ko yowitii e jeyi leydi ina yahdi e paandaale ɗe Biro jojjanɗe aadee e nder Muritani ngo o ardii ngoo daranii e yiɗde wallondirde ɗum e laamu nguu e pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje. E miijo makko jeyi leydi keeriiɗo jeyaa ko e jojjanɗe kala aadee to bannge renndo e to bannge politigi kono kadi jeyi ndenndaandi ina jojji e kala ngenndi ngam gaddanaade ɓesgu mum ƴellitaare huuftidinnde. O wiyi renndo fof ina foti ndaartude sifaa mum keeriiɗo no yuɓɓinirta jeyi leydi hakkunde mum, tawa ina tuugnii e pinal mum e finaa tawaa mum. O joofniri ko yettude Fonadh nde jogii miijo yiylaade peeje moƴƴe ngam ñawndude gagga jeyi leydi kadi ɗaɓɓiri ɓe heen ballal maɓɓe. E ɓe keblii e ngaal banngal e wiyde makko, wallondirde e kala gollotooɓe e nafoore ndenndaandi to bannge wasiyaaji e peeje karalleeje ngam ndaartude peeje jamyame e wallondirde e laamu e pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje.
Ko adii noon nde loowdi gollordu nduu yaaɓantee tigi rigi, won filma gooto holliraa ɗoon, ƴettaaɗo e diwaan Tararsa oo ; filma oo hollirta ko seedanfaagal remooɓe oon diwaan hol no leyɗeele mum en ndemateeɗe walla nokkuuji mum en durnirɗi loppitirtee e juuɗe mum en ina tottee woɗɓe.
Ko caggal ɗumɗoon, ardiiɓe gollordu nduu kolliti tuugnorgal golle ɗee no njaarata : ɓe kolliti wonde jeewte ɗee maa peccite e doge jeeɗiɗi garooje ɗee :
– Sariya memtotooɗo jeyi leydi mo toŋ. 83 127 ƴettaaɗo ñalnde 5 suwee 1983, yonta mum e sababuuji mum to bannge politigi. Daɗɗata ndeen yeewtere ko Isselmou ould Abdel Kader ;
– Ngonka jeyi leydi e nder diwanuuji tati e Muritani : Brakna, Gorgol e Trarsa. Daɗɗata yeewtere ndee ko Aamadu Umar Jah, Aamadu Abdul Jah e Yero Demmba Njaay.
– Leydi, ƴoogirde nguurndam, kuutorgal njeñu : hol dawrugol to bannge ndema potngol ƴettaneede ɗum. Daɗɗata ko Aamadu Tijjaani Jah.
– Tijjagol luure e peeje maslugol majje. Daɗɗata ɗum ko Aali wul Ahmed.
– Humpito Senegaal e bellitgol jiilgol jeyi leydi e nder nokkuuji (meeriiji) : hol no joom mum en naatirta heen, e hol ko wonata heen ballal pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje. Daɗɗata ɗum ko Alfaa Bah (jeyaaɗo e fedde ENDA).
– Humpito Mali e bellitgol jiilgol jeyi leydi e nder nokkuuji (meeriiji) : hol no joom mum en naatirta heen e hol ko wonata heen ballal pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje. Daɗɗata ɗum ko Usmaan Barka Jallo (jeyaaɗo e fedde AOPP)
– Kubbe (lempe) pawotooɗe e leydi e Muritani. Daɗɗata ɗum ko Ahmeddu wul Muhammed Faal.
Yeewtere waɗaama heen e heen rogere kala, tawtoraaɓe gollordu hee kala ndokki heen miijooji mum en, ɗum alɗinii jeewte ɗee no feewi, kono kadi ngam yiɗde yaltinde heen peeje e wasiyaaji memotooɗi, tawtoraaɓe ɓee peccitii e goomuuji nay, ɗiin ngoni :
Goomu 1 : Humpito Senegaal e Mali e bellitgol jiilgol jeyi leydi e nder nokkuuji (meeriiji) : hol no joom mum en naatirta heen e hol ko wonata heen ballal pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ɗe Senegaal e ɗe Mali.
Ardii goomu nguu ko Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop e ballondiral e jirwinooɓe : Alfaa Bah e Mammadu Lamin Caam (Senegaal) e Usmaan Barke Jallo (Maali).
Goomu 2 : Tijjagol luure e peeje maslugol majje. Ardii ɗum ko Aali wul Ahmed (PNUD).
Goomu 3 : Juurnitagol sariya jowitiiɗo e jeyi leydi e sariyaaji ciynooji ɗum : jerondiral et peewnitgol juɓɓule e sariyaaji ngam cemmbingol jam e nder renndo. Ardii goomu oo ko Me Jabiraa Maarufaa
Goomu 4 : Jojjanɗe aadee, jiilgol fiyakuuji jeyi leydi e kuutorogol jawdi ngam ƴellitaare to bannge faggudu e renndo. Ardii goomu nguu ko Me Miin wul Abdullah.
Heen goomu fof, caggal nde diisnondiri, hollitii njeñtudi golle mum, kono batu nguu hawri ko yo suɓte e nder ɗum fof wasiyaaji sappo ɓurɗi himmude tawa ko ɗiin caaktetee e nder joofnirde gollordu nduu.
Ñande 25 suwee 2014, fillitooɓe gollordu nduu (Aamadu Umar Jah e Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop) njettini batu nguu, e tawtoregol hoohooɓe gollodiiɓe e juɓɓingol gollordu nduu, toɓɓe sappo ɓurɗe himmude e welde rewindaade ngam siyneede.
Ko nii ɗi ciforii :
1° Yuurnitaade sariya jowitiiɗo e jeyi leydi mbele amo teskoo ɓurondire hakkunde yimɓe gonɗe e nder makko ɗee, o waawa ɗum ñawndude (waali-wuro en to daande maayo, rewɓe, sukaaɓe, kinɗe ɗawaaɗe, maccuɓe, wonduɓe e sii’uuji…).
2° Yuɓɓinde dente kuuftidinɗe jowitiiɗe e jeyi leydi.
3° Darnude goomu miijotoongu, ndewintoongu golle e kala ko yowitii e jeyi leydi e nder Muritani.
4° Lelnude duttorgal wonande denndaangal luure jowitiiɗe e jeyi leydi, ñawndaaɗe heen eɗe cuwaa ñawndeede fof.
5° Firde e ɗemɗe ngenndiije, caggal ɗum saakta sariyaaji jowitiiɗi e jeyi leydi.
6° Waylude goomuuji daraniiɗi tijjagol luure e jiilgol mum en, naattina heen pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ngenndiije, diwaniije e nokkuuje e kala gollotooɓe ɓe ɗum toɗɗii.
7° Jooɗtaade lajal duuɓi joy tawa alaa ko ɓeydata e jiiɓru wonndu e jeyi leydi ngam rokkude denndaangal gollotooɓe ɓe ɗum toɗɗi ɓee, jot no njiytiri peeje juumtuɗe feewde e saqqaaji leydi.
8° Newnande remooɓe roofolɓe peeje no keɓirta jawdi liggorteendi ngam ɗum waawa gaddaanaade en kisal to bannge nguura.
9° Lelnande pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje, peeje gollorɗe ngam wallitde ɗe no ɗe tijjorii luure e hol no ɗe ñawndirta ɗum en.
10° Siftinde laamu nguu aadi mo waɗdanoo e hitaande 2003 to Maputo (Mosammbik) so gaddaade hitaande fof maa ɓeto kaalis (budget) leydi mum taƴ ko ina tolnoo e 10% e nder ɓeto kaalis hee ko ina fota liggoreede ndema.
Ko caggal ɗiiɗoo wasiyaaji sappo, hooreejo FONADH, hono Saar Mammadu ƴetti konngol ngam yettude denndaangal tawtoraaɓe nduuɗoo gollordu e gollidiiɓe wallondirɓe e Fonadh haa ɗii ñalɗi mbaawi yuɓɓineede, ko wayi no UE, PNUD, OXFAM intermoon/Coopération espagnole, haa teeŋti noon kadi o wiyi e Gardiiɗo OXFAM ɗoo e Muritani, hono Sokna Mariyam Baro, sabu gollondiral ngal alaa happu piɓdangal e Fonadh. Ko caggal ɗuum o bayyini ƴeesagol gollordu nduu.
Siimtani ɗum Fooyre Ɓamtaare ko Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop
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Kabaaru : Emin nganniyii udditande on ɗoo damal jowitiingal e jeyi leydi, sabu amen teskaade eɗum jeyaa e ngoƴaaji ɓesngu leydi ndii hannde, teeŋti noon e hoɗɓe daande maayo mawngo (Maayo Senegaal). Sariya jeyi leydi gollorteeɗo hannde e nder leydi ndii oo, naataani hakkillaaji yimɓe ɓee walla won heen kiisorii sariya oo ko garɗo ina teetta leyɗeele mum en. Ko ɗum waɗi njiɗ-ɗen ko damal ngal wona piroowal sariyaaji ɗii e ɗemngal pulaar, sila ɗi, kadi heɗtoo on to bannge miijo ngo njogi-ɗon heen e kabaaruuji ɗi ndokkaton ko feewti e luure e tooñanngeeji jolooji heen. Njiɗ-ɗen ko damal ngal wona damal gostondiral hakkunde mon e Fooyre Ɓamataare.


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BRICS, (ko anndiranoo BRIC) ko tonngol joopingol ɗeeɗoo leyɗe : Beresiil (B), Riisi (R), Inndo (I), Siin (China woni C), Afrik Worgo (Soutth Africa woni S). Ina tonngiree kadi heen sahaaji ABRIC (Farayse)… Leyɗe joy ɗee, kiisetee ko e leyɗe mawɗe, ƴellittooɗe (jeenaɓiri, jeegoɓiri, nayaɓiri, ɗiɗmiri, e noogaas e joyaɓiri to bannge faggudu).
BRICS, (ko anndiranoo BRIC) ko tonngol joopingol ɗeeɗoo leyɗe : Beresiil (B), Riisi (R), Inndo (I), Siin (China woni C), Afrik Worgo (Soutth Africa woni S). Ina tonngiree kadi heen sahaaji ABRIC (Farayse)… Leyɗe joy ɗee, kiisetee ko e leyɗe mawɗe, ƴellittooɗe (jeenaɓiri, jeegoɓiri, nayaɓiri, ɗiɗmiri, e noogaas e joyaɓiri to bannge faggudu).
Joyaɓe ɗiɗi (2/5e walla 40%) yimɓe winndere ndee ko e majje nguuri, kono, ko kañje ndoondii ko ina tolnoo e joyaɓe tati (3/5e ƴellitaare faggudu winndere ndee). Leyɗe nay BRIC ɗee ina mbaawi peesondirde e G8 (leyɗe winndere jeetati ɓurɗe ƴellitaade ɗee (Amerik, Yaabaan, Almaañ, Farayse, Angalteer, Itaali, Kanadaa, Riisi). Ina jooɗtoraa, e hitaande 2050, ko Siin wontata leydi ɓurndi doolnude e wiindere ndee, Amerik rewa heen, Inndo ara, Beresiil sukka heen, Riisi ara. Siin maa ardito Amerik hakkunde 2020 e 2030.
Leyɗe BRICS
- Beresiil : Leydi nayaɓiri to bannge faggudu e ngalɗoo dental, ɓurndi ƴellitaade e leyɗe Amerik worgo.
- Riisi : Duuɓi jonɗi jooni yimɓe mayri ina ustoo keeweendi, ko noon kadi ndi deestortoo to bannge mbaylaandi, kono endi lutti heewde doole to bannde koninkaagu (kayri sukki Amerik). Ko ɓuri heewde e ngalu mayri ummorii ndi ko oogirɗe (Gaas, Petroŋ, Iiraaniyoom ekn).
- Inndo : Leydi kaawisaaji. Kayri ɓuri famɗude doole e dental ngal, kono ko e mayri fof ngalu ɓuri feccitoreede no moƴƴi hakkunde yimɓe. Janngo, kayri ɓurtotoo leyɗe ɗee fof heewde yimɓe (ɗoo e 2025 ma ndi daɗto Siin heewde yimɓe). Ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe mayri koɗi ko dowri.
- Siin : E nder duuɓi capanɗe tati fat, Siin wontii leydi ɗiɗmiri to bannge ƴellitaare. Ko ɓuri heewde e dañal mayri ummortoo ndi ko e njeeygu geɗe keewɗe huutoreede e nder winndere ndee. Ƴellitaare mayri noon, wonaa tan to bannge faggudu, ndi nawdi ko fof : ƴellitaare faggudu e kaalis e konu e pinal kala.
- Afrik Worgo : 50 miliyoŋ fittaandu ina nguuri e ndii leydi. Kono endi toowondiri e Siin no feewi : Ƴellitagol Siin ina sowoo ƴellitagol mayri laabi 16. Jeyegol mayri e ndee fedde (BRICS) waawi faamreede tan ko so ndi hiisoraama leydi jooɗaniindi Afrik.
Leyɗe goɗɗe ina njiɗi naatde ndeeɗoo fedde : Meksik, Koree Worgo e Turki.
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Batuuji BRICS
– 16 suwee 2009 to Lekaterinbourg, to Riisi e 16 abriil 2010 to Barasiliyaa, laamorgo Beresiil ; e 14 abriil 2011, batu tataɓu jooɗii ko to Sanya (Siin). Ko ɗoo BRIC wonti BRICS, nde Afrik worgo naati fedde ndee. Ko ɗum kadi fusi Tatiiru Beresiil-Inndo-Afrik Worgo, naattundu hankadi e BRICS.
Bookara Aamadu Bah

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Gine-Bisaawo suɓiima hooreejo leydi keso, kadi ko o Pullo Gaabunke.
Umaro Muktaar Sissoco Embalo, suɓaama hooreejo leydi Gine-Bisaawo caggal toɗɗe maɓɓe ɗimme baɗnooɗe ñalnde 29 Bowte 2019, ɗe o dañi 53.55 %. Hannde, 3 Siilo 2020 omo jogori fiileede laamɗo leydi e jooɗaade he dow jappeere laamu Gine-Bisaawo.
Umar Mbaalo, sabu ko noon tigi foti winndireede he pulaar, jibinaa ko ñalnde 23 silto (Septembre) 1972 he nder saare Bisaawo, laamorgo leydi ndi. Baaba makko ko pullo Gaabunke (Fuladu), neene makko won wiyɓe ko Pullo Fuuta Jalon jeyaa ko leeluma, kono ene wiyee kadi iwdi mum ko Mali. Ko hono noon ne kay, kanko Umar nde o yilli Burkina Faso he tuma nde o woni hooreejo jaagorɗe nde, o wiyno omo jogii toon koyngal.
General Embaló, hono no yiɗɓe makko ɓe keewi noddirdemo ni, ko Bees (General de brigarde) he nder konu Gine-Bisaawo, kadi o janngii karaalgal kooninkaagu he nder duɗe keewɗe toowɗe, kadi he nder leyɗeele keewɗe ceertuɗe, ko wayno Espaañ, Briksel (Bruxelles Belgique), Tel Awiiw (Tel Aviv Israel), Johannesburg, Japon e Farayse.
Doktoor Umar Mbaalo ko dawrugolyanke kadi panniiɗo he ko yowitii he jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele (relation internationales) haa ɓuri teeŋtude kadi he ko yowitii he Afrik e Fuɗnaange Hakkundeere (Moyen-Orient). Omo jogii ɗiiɗoo seedanfaaguuji: lisaas he ko yowitii he jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele, mo o heɓi to duɗal dowrowal gannde renndoyankooje e dawrugol to jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lisboon (l’Institut supérieur des sciences sociales et politiques à l’université technique de Lisbonne); metris he gannde dawrugol (maîtrise en sciences politiques) e doktoraa he jokkondiral hakkunde leyɗeele mo o heɓi to Jaaɓi Haaɗtirde Complutense mo Madrid, Espaañ.
Caggal ɗemɗe ngenndiyankeeji Gine-Bisaawo, ko wayno neeniwal makko Pulaar, omo haalaa ɗemɗe goɗɗe keewɗe. Ene jeyaa ɗe o ɓuri ɗiggin’de, Purtugees e Españool, kono omo nana Farayse, Engele Arabeere e Swahili (Kiswahili).
Umaro Mbaalo golliima he postooji keewɗi he nder laamu Gine-Bisaawo. He lewru Jolal (novembre) 2016 Hooreejo leydi Gine-Bisaawo, José Mário Vaz nomimo Hooreejo jaagorɗe kono caggal hitaande fawnde seeɗa, ñalnde 12 Siilo (Janvier) 2018 o demisoni kadi kanko e woɗɓe ɓe njalti lannda (PAIGC) ɓe cosi lannda keso (15-MADEM).


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Ceerno Haamiidu Baal mawɗo, almaami raatiib Jumaa Ceerno Baal to leegal joyaɓal nder Nuwaasot, jippinanii Ceerno Yaayaa Saalif Ɓaas deftere Quraana, kikiiɗe alkamisa 5 lewru desaambar (jolal) 2015, ngam duwanaade ɗum kawral moƴƴal hakkunde mum e joom mum, mbele aljanna ena wonana ɗum jaaƴnde jooɗtoraande. Nguun ñalngu hawri ko e balɗe 21 caggal sankaare ndee.
Ceerno Haamiidu Baal mawɗo, almaami raatiib Jumaa Ceerno Baal to leegal joyaɓal nder Nuwaasot, jippinanii Ceerno Yaayaa Saalif Ɓaas deftere Quraana, kikiiɗe alkamisa 5 lewru desaambar (jolal) 2015, ngam duwanaade ɗum kawral moƴƴal hakkunde mum e joom mum, mbele aljanna ena wonana ɗum jaaƴnde jooɗtoraande. Nguun ñalngu hawri ko e balɗe 21 caggal sankaare ndee. Silki oo waɗi ko ɗo galle Ceerno Yaayaa ɗoo, hirnaange jamaa oo, e tawtoreede hoɗɓe, banndiraaɓe e sehilaaɓe, ɓe o renndunoo nguurndam.
Hade deftere ndee janngetee, Ceerno Baal adii tawo ko naatde e sifaaji no Alla tagri mo nii, kanko Ceerno Yaayaa, caggal ɗum yaaɓani dokke e kaawniiɗe ɗe Alla waɗi e makko. E wiyde Ceerno Baal, Alla haɗiri mo juuɗe e koyɗe e dakmitaade hay e joɗnde ko mbele omo waasa yahde, woto o nande walla yiyde geɗe kaantare baɗooje walla baɗeteeɗe, ɗe aadee tagaaɗo waawaa ruuɗanaade bakkatuuji. E oo sifa, Alla hisnii ɗemngal makko e junngo makko e koyngal makko. Nii woni, deftere feccaa hakkunde tarooɓe, silki fuɗɗii. Taro ngoo joofi, duwotooɗo toɗɗaa, Ceerno Baal timmini duwaaw oo.
Hol gonɗo Ceerno Yaayaa Ɓaas?
Ceerno Yaayaa Saalif Ɓaas jibinaa ko e hitaande 1968 to bannge ɗereeji laawɗuɗi, e wiyde Haaruuna Siidi Wele, jeyaaɗo to Jowol Sahre. Kono ko ɓuri jaalɗaade, o ari e aduna ko e hitaande 1969 e wuro wiyeteengo Darto Abdalla, wuro adano wonande diiwaan Laaw, so tawii ngummori-ɗaa ko bannge fuɗnaange. Yumma makko wiyetee ko Raki Ɓaas. Baabiraaɗo oo, hono Saalif Sammba Ɓaas ko sanndarma (gendarme) wonnoo.
Ceerno Yaayaa Baas rafaa ko e hitaande 1976. Oon sahaa, o yahratnoo ko e duuɓi 7 walla e duuɓi 8. Gila ndeen haa ɗo o ruttii e joomiiko ɗoo, Alla ko ko ɗawi mo hay waawde jooɗaade, alaa ko haali yahde e koyɗe makko. Nguurndam makko fof ko e lelnde. Ɗum fof e wayde noon, Ceerno Yaayaa ko joom geɗal timmungal to Alla. Kala kewu, ngu leñol ngol kewni e nder Nuwaasot, kanko Ceerno Yaayaa o tawtoranooma, gila ɗo o fawetenoo e reŋreŋ, omo nawee haa ɗo o waɗti juureede e nder galle makko ɗoo. Ɗo o nattiti yahde e kewuuji ɗii ne, haɗaani ballal makko yettaade kala joom kewu tintinooɗo mo. Ko e miijo makko fedde Ɓamtaare Daande Leñol sosaa ñalnde 20 lewru saawiyee (siilo) hitaande 2000.
Fedde ndee adorinoo ko goomu pinal gila e hitaande 1996, ena jannga Pulaar ena nawda heen magooji… Gaagaa ɗuum, kala neɗɗo teskinɗo walla teskaaɗo e nder Leñol Fulɓe, kanko Ceerno Yaayaa omo jokkondiri e mum, gila e seernaaɓe mawɓe, naalankooɓe mawɓe, ngenndiyankooɓe mawɓe haa e yimɓe teelɗuɓe…
Teskaama kala ceerno mawɗo nanɗo haala makko, arat juuraade mo. So arii haa yettiima, tarbinto, nde ummii e waynaade fof kadi, noddat yimɓe haa njooɗoo, wiya ɗum en yo mbaɗtu e makko hakkille no feewi, ko o joom geɗal.
Ceerno Yaayaa dañaani fartaŋŋe janngude quraana, arab walla ɗemngal farayse nde tawnoo nde o fotatnoo huccande ɗum ndee, ko ndeen rafi oo joppi mo. Kono ɗo o lelii ɗoo, e kaawisaaji Alla, o janngii Pulaar e kaɓorɗe mum fof haa ɗiggi.
Nde yahi haa caggal lewru koorka 2008, ko ɗoo wondiiɓe makko mbaɗti yiyrude mo geɗe kaawniiɗe, ko wayi no duwawuuji ɗi mbuntataa e waɗtude safrude yimɓe wonduɓe e rafiiji, walla e caɗeele goɗɗe nguurndam. Tesko-ɗen wonde Ceerno Yaayaa winndataa, sakkitat, so ɗum duwaaw noon walla so ɗum tinndinoore.
Ñalnde wirwirnde makko, 16 lewru kawle, kala tawtoranooɗo oon ñalawma, feccaani sikke jogaade mo geɗal to Alla. Lopitaan Nasiyonaal e Baamuule K7, njiyii ñalnde heen keewal yimɓe e ceerungal pine e ɗemɗe ngal keewaani yiyde. Yo Alla yurmo mo, yaafoo mo, kanko e denndaangal maayɓe juulɓe.
Njaay Saydu Aamadu (Gelongal Fuuta )


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Naange nge njyaten e dow koyemen nge, ko deental keneeli keewɗi (gaasuuji keewɗi): ene tawee heen henndu ndiyameeru (gaas* ndiyameejo) wiyeteendu “hydrogène” e ɗemɗe tuubakooɓe, gaas biyeteeɗo eeliyom*, gaas asot*, gaas ƴulɓe (gaas Karbonik*), gaas nafnuurndam (gaas oksiseen*). Inɗe maantoraaɗe (*), wonaa inɗe fulfulde (wonaa pulal): ko konnguɗi leyɗeele tuubakooɓe, kono ko konnguɗi ganndal, hay gooto jeyaa, yimɓe fof ena mbaawi huutoraade ɗi;
Naange nge njyaten e dow koyemen nge, ko deental keneeli keewɗi (gaasuuji keewɗi): ene tawee heen henndu ndiyameeru (gaas* ndiyameejo) wiyeteendu “hydrogène” e ɗemɗe tuubakooɓe, gaas biyeteeɗo eeliyom*, gaas asot*, gaas ƴulɓe (gaas Karbonik*), gaas nafnuurndam (gaas oksiseen*). Inɗe maantoraaɗe (*), wonaa inɗe fulfulde (wonaa pulal): ko konnguɗi leyɗeele tuubakooɓe, kono ko konnguɗi ganndal, hay gooto jeyaa, yimɓe fof ena mbaawi huutoraade ɗi;
*gaas ko henndu, kono firtaani henndu duñooru ndu. Oɗon nganndi neɗɗo ena banoo ko uuri (ko nanndi e lati walla cuuraay), ena banoo ko luuɓi (henndu jiiba), ena banoo ko woynata gite haa ñitte njalta (ko poliseeji keewi werlaade e yimɓe murtuɓe ko). ɗum fof ko gaasuuji ceertuɗi fiyaaku, ceertuɗi uurgol walla luuɓgol, walla lammugol, baawɗi baneede e nder henndu ndu poofaten ndu: ko uuri, ko luuɓi, ko uuraani luuɓaani, ko banotaako. ɗum fof ko geɗe ceertuɗe baawɗe won’de e nder henndu duñooru ndu. ɗum woni gaas. Gaas ko konngol ganndal, leƴƴi fof ena mbaawi huutoraade ɗum.
ɓuri heewde to naange ko gaas ndiyameejo (gaas hidoroseen). Ooɗo gaas noon ɓuri gaasuuji ɗi fof hoyde. To jooɗorɗe metewo, ko ooɗo gaas feewnetee, wuttee e nder paali dalli (e nder mankaaji), ɗalee “haya” e weeyo, weɗoo faya dow. Ko ɗum metewo en ɓetirta kafeeje weeyo leydi, ko nanndi e doole henndu dow, wulɓuuɓndi e dummbo weeyo. Waɗi noon ooɗo gaas ɓuri henndu ndu poofaten ndu hoyde. To naange to, e nder 100 fof, gaas ndiyameejo ma roondo heen 70 e keewal.
Gaas ɗiɗaɓo e keewal, ko gaas eliyoom: ooɗoo-ne, e nder 100 fof, ma o roondo heen 29 e keewal. Ko ɗum waɗi, to naange to, e nder 100 fof, 99 roondii ɗum ko deental ɗii-ɗoo gaasuuji ɗiɗi (mo ndiyameejo o e mo eliyom o).
Ko fayti e tagoodi weeyo naange, ngo mahorii ko paɗe-paɗe:
-faɗo adanngo ngo wiyetee ko Fotosfeer: ko ngoo-ɗoo faɗo nuldata en caafe naange ɗe njiyaten ɗe. So en ndaarii naange ñalawma, e nge ranmi: ko faɗo ngo njiyaten ena ranma. E nder weeyo naange, ko ngoo-ɗo faɗo wiyeteengo Fotosfeer ɓuri ɓuuɓde, sabu tamperaatiir maggo (wulɓuuɓndi maggo) ko 4500° tan (ujunnaaje 4 pawɗe 500 degere). Mbaason yejjitde noon, hono ndiyam moƴƴam laaɓɗam so fasnaama haa fasii, nguleeki mum ko 100° (teemedere degere). Faɗo Fotosfeer ngo ma sowo ndiyam pasɗam wulde laabi 45, kono ko kanngo ɓuri ɓuudɓe e ko heddii e naange ko!
Les Fotosteer (fayde e nder naange) woni toon ko faɗo pattoowo, no fayannde (no barme) fattirta nih.
So en ngummiima faɗo Fotosfeer ngo eɗen njippoo en e nder naange, ngadotoɗen jippaade ko e faɗo wiyeteengo Koromosfeer. E nder ngoo-ɗo faɗo, nguleeki wonata ko e ɓeydaade haa sowoo 10.000° laabi keewɗi. Tekkeendi faɗo Koromosfeer ngo ko hakkunde 12.000 haa 15.000 km. Jirgitte e gawuuji mawɗi ena mbaɗa e nder ngoo faɗo. ɗee jirgitte so pettii ena njaha haa naatoyaa e faɗo won’ngo dow wiyeteengo Kuuroon naange, walla so en njiɗii mbiyen ɗum e pulaar Kaala naange. Kaala naange ko faɗo weeyo naange ɓurngo toowde. E nder maggo, nguleeki ena ɓeydoo haa yettoyoo walla ɓura degerrji milioq! Jirgitte baɗooje e nder faɗo Koromosfeer ngo, ena njaha haa naatoyaa e lefol naange ngol (kaala naange ka). Njuuteeki jirgitte ɗe ena cowoo kilomeeteruuji ujunere.
No mbiyno-ɗen nih, faɗo Fotosfeer ngo ɓuri tigi ɓuuɓde e paɗe goɗɗe ɗe. Ngo’o faɗo Fotosfeer fawii ko e ɓanndu naange; ndu ɓanndu noon fattat no barme fattirta nih, no fayannde e dow jeyngol nih. Pattanɗe ɗee noon ena mbaɗa dille keewɗe nannduɗe e diiraali e piyanɗe. Diiraali e piyanɗe gummotooɗe e ɓanndu naange ndu, fiyaaku mumen e fiyaaku mbommboo atomik nanndi, kono kañum en ɓuri bommbooji atomik doole ɗo woɗɗi. E nder ɓanndu naange fattooru ndu, aɗa ɓeydoo mutde e nder heen tan, nguleeki ena ɓeydoo mawnude, haa ɗum ɓura milioqaaji e milioqaaji degereeji.
So wiyaama nguleeki naange ko milioqaaji degereeji, ɗum jommbaani etee yedekinaaki, sabu ƴeewen ɗum tan e hakkilllaji men.
Xeewee tan jeyle kuɓɓaten walla cumu ladde, nguleeki mum ena ɓura degereeji ujunnaaje e ko fawi. Kono so cumu waɗi, walla so jeyngol mawngol huɓɓaama, so a woɗɗitiima ko foti meeteruuji 100, a tinataa nguleeki ki. Xeewee tan, enen ngoytoo sahaa fof nguleeki naange, tawii noon ngoɗɗeeki hakkunde naange nge to woni to e men ko kilomeeteruuji 149.600.000 (hedde Kilomeeteruuji 150 milioq)!
Eɗen poti faamde kadi, laana ndiwoowa so fayii to naange ena ƴeewa ɓetde nguleeki mum, yettotaako tawa taayii wontii henndu ko yaawi ! Haawnaaki maa heewɓe mbiy hol no ɗum anndiraa, hol no ki nguleeki ɓetiraa.
Kono paamen tan, geɗe keewde paytuɗe e naange ɓetiraa ko hiisa, etee ko hiisa luggo ɓetirtee. Ngannden kadi, ko fayti e Lewru, hade yimɓe yahde toon, annduɓe kiisinooma kala ko fayti e mayru. Nde Ameriknaaɓe njahnoo toon ñande 20 lewru Suliyee e hitaande 1969, tawaa kala ko hiisannoo hade maɓɓe yahde toon ko goonga. Yahnoo toon ko Neel Mastrong e Aldrin, laana maɓɓe wiyetenoo ko « appoloo » 11. (Ko ndeen ñabbuuli gite ngari e men, nginnirɗen ɗum “appolo”).
Umar Abdalla Wele
Ina jokki


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Alet 15 sulyee 2018, jaggondiral cakkital kawgel 21ɓel fuku winndere juɓɓinanoongel to Riisi tuggi 14 suwee 2018 haa 15 sulyee 2018, hakkunde kippu Farayse e kippu Korowasi (Croatie) joofrii poolgu kippu Farayse (4-2). Ngol woni ɗiɗmol caggal 1998, ko Farayse ina nawta karaŋ kawgel fuku winndere. Nii woni kadi, kewu ɓurngu lollude e winndere ndee joofii.
Yimɓe fof ina kawri e peewgol njuɓɓudi kewu nguu, sibu, nder nduu lewru pottitte fuku bal, alaa fof ɗo saɗeende teskaa, wonaa to bannge jaɓɓagol e koɗnugol e ñaamningol nootiiɓe e kewu nguu, wonaa to bannge dingire pettirɗe ɗee, wonaa to bannge kisal, alaa fof ɗo dille teskaa.
Geɗe keewɗe ina maantini e kawgel ngel :
Ko idii fof, ko jaltugol kippu joginooɗo raay winndere ndee, so kippu Almaañ, sibu o ɓennaani hay daawal gadanal ngal, tawi noon e pottitte 4 cakkitiiɗe deggondirɗe ɗee kala, Almaañ, ko famɗi fof yettiima feccere joofnirde (demi finaal), tee gila 1954, ndi meeɗaa waasde yettaade ko famɗi fof nayaɓal joofnirɗe (kaar de finaal). Ɓurii ɗoon fof bonde, sibu ko Almaañ heedi laaci goomu wonnoo nguu. Ko noon kadi Farayse yaltirnoo kawgel ngel e hitaande 2002 (caggal nde nawi raay e hitaande 1998), no Itaali yaltirnoo ngel e 2010 (caggal nde nawi raay e hitaande 2006) e no Espaañ yaltirnoo ngel e 2014 (caggal nde nawi raay e hitaande 2010).
E nder kippuuji Afrik joy tawtoranooɗi kawgel ngel, hay heen gooto taccaani daawal gadanal ngal, huunde wayrunde waɗde gila 1982.
Kippuuji 10 Orop, kippuuji joy Amerik latineejo e kippu Asi gooto (kippu Japon) tawaama daawal ɗiɗmal ngal (jeetaɓal joofnirɗe). Ko e ngaal daawal kippu Riisi yaltini kippu Espaañ, kippu Farayse yaltini kippu Arsaatiin (4-3). Kippuuji 2 Amerik latineejo keddinooɗi ɗii, hono Urugaay e Beresiil, njalti ko e daawal nayaɓal joofnirɗe, caggal nde Farayse fiyi Urugaay (2-0) e nde Belsik fiyi Beresiil (2-1).
Ɗum noon, ko kippuuji Orop ɓoli kawriti e daawal feccere joofnirɗe (demii finaal) : Korowasi, Angalteer, Belsik e Farayse. Ngol woni joyaɓol ko wayi nii ina waɗa caggal 1934, 1966, 1982, 2006. Ngol woni go’o kadi, e nder daartol kawgel ngel (gila 1930), ko gooto e kippuuji nay ɗiiɗoo ina waasa yettaade feccere joofnirɗe, ɗiin kippuuji ngoni : Beresiil, Almaañ, Itaali e Arsaatiin.
Ɗum noon joofnirgal ngal, ko finaal mo woowaaka hakkunde kippu Farayse (tataɓol mum yettaade finaal caggal 1998 e 2006) e kippu Korowasi (gadanol mum yahde finaal). Ɗum noon, caggal Farayse (go’aɓo) e Korowasi (ɗiɗaɓo), woni kippu tataɓo kawgel ngel hikka ko Belsik caggal nde fooli Angalteer (2-0) ñalnde aset 14/7/2018. Ngol woni go’o Korowasi daraade e toŋŋinorde (podium) kawgel ngel.
Rokkaa karaŋ « ɓurɗo waawde fettude » ko Luka Modric (Korowasi). Biyeteeɗo Kiliyan Mbappe (Farayse, duuɓi 19) heɓi karaŋ « suka ɓurɗo waawde » ; Harri Kan (Angalteer) heɓi karaŋ « ɓurɗo heewde ko wallini » ; Thibaut Courtois (Belsiknaajo) rokkaa karaŋ « ɓurɗo waawde reende wallinirde ».
E ngelɗoo kawgel, fettooɓe ɓee mballinii laabi 169 (hakindo : 2,64) ; kartoŋ oolo (teeŋtingol jeertino) weeynaama laabi 219, kartoŋ boɗeejo (jatingol boowal) weeynaama laabi 4.
Kawgel hikka ngel kadi ina teskiniri ballitoragol wideyoo. Ɗuum woni hakke mo ñaawooɓe pottitte ɓee ndokkaa ngam waawde ɗaɓɓude duttingol wideyoo mo kameraaji ɗii ƴettata oo, e nder ñaawooje mum en.
Ballitoragol wideyoo
Ɗuum wonnoo ko e hoolkiseede gila 2016. E kala pottital, ñaawooɓe tato aadoraaɓe ɓee ina njogii ñaawoowo wideyoo ballitoowo e sukkuɓe mum tato, tawi heen gooto toppitii tan ko « oorle » (hors-jeux), ko jiidaa e haralleeɓe nayo wideyoo.
E ngelɗoo kawgel, ñaawooɓe 13 FIFA cuɓaama ngam heedde e wideyoo. Ɓe mbaɗaa ko e saal mawɗo ɗo laamorgo Riisi ɗoo (Mosku), aɓe kuufi jaynirɗe (ekraaji), aɓe njiya denndaangal ko kameraaji saaktooɓe ɗii fof ƴettata koo, yantude e ko kameraaji ɗiɗi ɗi alaa ko toppitii so wonaa reende oorle ƴettata koo. Ɗiin wideyooji kala ndewrata ko e laylaytol leeɓol giiɗal (fibre optique). Ina jeyaa heen kadi jooɗaniiɗo FIFA toppitiiɗo habrude saaktooɓe ɓee e haalooɓe ɓee sabaabu ballinoragol wideyoo kam e njeñtudi mum.
Korowasi.
Korowasi ko leydi Orop hakkundeejo e worgo, njeytiindi e hitaande 1991 caggal pusgu Yugoslaawi. Ndi ɓilii ko hakkunde Sloweni e Hongiri e Serbi e Bosni hersogowin e Montenegoro. Laamorgo mayri wiyetee ko Zagreb. Ko ndi tergal Dental Orop gila 1 sulyee 2013. Huunde haawniinde, keeweendi yimɓe Korowasi woni ko e ustaade (4,3 miliyoŋ neɗɗe e hitaande 2007 ; e 4,1 miliyoŋ e hitaande 2017). Ɗamaawu nguurndam toon ko duuɓi 75 (72 wonande worɓe e 79 wonande rewɓe). Tolno yiyooɓe binndi (ɓooriiɓe humambinnaagu) ko hedde 98,5%.
Ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe leydi ndii ko e leñol Korowat en njeyaa (89,6%), kono ko ina wona leƴƴi 20 ina nguuri e mayri (Serbe en toon hannde ko hedde 4,5%, kono ko idii wolde ɓe tolnoyinooma e 12% ; leƴƴi keddiiɗi ɗii, alaa heen diwngol 1%). Dewal ɓurngal yaajde toon ko katolikyaagal (87,8%). Juulɓe toon ko hedde 1,3%.
E ngelɗoo kawgel
- Dingiral kala (estaad kala) ina waɗi 33 kameraa (ɗii ko sawndo, ɗii ko caggal, ɗii ko dow, ɗii ko dariiɗi ɗo gootel, ɗii ko deegooji, ɗii ko diwooji ekn…) ;
- – Lomtinde haa fetooɓe 4 (so tawii daawal pottital jokkaama – prolongation)
- – Fereeji mahaaɗe boowe diwooje kewu nguu tolniima e 117,8 miliyaar ruubal (kaalis Riisi) woni hedde 676 miliyaar ugiyya (MRO)
- – 31 wallinannde mbaɗi ko e ɓeyde mudda pottital. E nder kewu nguu fof ko laabi 146 wallinaa.
- – 28 penalti (heen 21 mballinaama).


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Fijooji Olymic 2020 to Tokyo: Rougui Diallo, Pullo mo leydi Farayse ma tawtore
Ñalnde Aljumaa/Mawnde 23 Morso, 2021 maa fijooji Olympic 2020 (pijirlooji Olimpik) uddiit to Tokyo lesdi Japon. Eɗen nganndi ɗuum fotiino waɗde gila rawane, 2020, kono sabu reentaade mboros Koronaa wirisi oo addanino ɗum yoweede. Fotde jonte ɗiɗi pawɗe (haa 8 Juko) leyɗeele aduna ɗee kala ene kawra ngam waɗɗe pijirlooji coftal ɓalli.
Ko ɗum kawrital winndereyeewal ngal, eɗen mbaawi wiyde, leñɗi aduna ɗii kala walla kam ko ɓuri heewde e mum en ene tawtoree. He 2016 to Rio de Janeiro (Riyoo de Janeyro) eɗen ciftora, Huley Bah mo Muritani ene tawanoo e dogatnooɓe 800m. Hikka ko Rugi Jallo ( Rougui Diallo) mo Leydi Farayse woni ɓiy Pullo jogorɗo tawtoreede.
Rugi Jallo ko jibinannde Farayse, jibnaaɓe makko iwdi mum en ko Fuuta Jalon leydi Lagine. O jibinaa ko 5 Colte/Fevrier 1995 to Nice Farayse. O waɗata ko fannu coftal ɓalli biyeteeɗo “Diwe tati” triple saut. O adii dañde medaay makko dowrowo (kaŋŋe) ko he 2014 he kawrital World Junior in Athletics to wuro ene wiye Eugene dowla Oregon He nder Dowlaaji Dentuɗi Amerik. Ndeen diwe makko ɓetaama 14,24; 14,44 e 14,20 he ballal henndu 3.3m/s. Hayso ɗiɗi gadane ɗee njaɓaaka sabu ballal henndu ngal heewde, tataɓal ngal rokkii mo daɗtaade ɓetooji (record) makko ɓennuɗi kadi e waɗdemo jogiiɗo ɓeto ɓurngo toowde he nder sukaaɓe Farayse. Caggal mum ko ñalnde 14 Korse 2017 o arti he dow podium fijooji hakkundeleyɗeele, kono ndeen o ƴettunoo ko medaay jaka (bronz), wonno ko he sampiyonaaji Orop Yaakoraaɓe (espoirs) to Bydgoszcz to leydi Poloñ.
So tawii Rougui Diallo ko yaakaare Farayse leydi makko nde o ɗaminii suutoyde araaray mum hakkunde leyɗeele aduna kala ne, ko o faaro Fulɓe dunyaaru ne, sabu ɓeen ne ene ndaardamo ko o ɓiyngel mum en sabu makko wonde ƴiiƴam mum en, yiyooɓe he makko wonnde ko o lomtiiɗo Fulɓe kala he ngal kawrital leñɗi adunaaru.


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Hoodere laaci ko pooyel baɗngel laaci, tuubakooɓe mbiyata nde ko hoodere jogiinde saayaande walla sukndu, japonaaɓe mbiy nde hoodere fittoore, ɗuum hollirta tan ko mbaadi mayre e cooynam, e nde seerti e koode jalbooje e ndowgu.
Sahaaji ni, hoodere laaci ina ɓura Wadda jalbude, haa nde yiyo e gure mawɗe, ɗo koode caɗti yiyde, no hoodere laaci Hale-Bopp feeñnoonde hitaande 1997.
Laaci hoodere nde ina juuta fotde miliyoŋaaji capanɗe kilomeeteer, so ɗe ɓadiima naange, gaaluuɗe majje baɗɗe penndiɗam e punndi ngulat mbawña, suurka haa fiya saayaande, nde muura aaludere nde fotde miliyoŋ kilomeeteer tekkeendi.
Laaci ki soomi ko laaceeje ɗiɗe ɗe njiyda:
1- Laaci plasma, kiin ko henndu naange jikondirta e molle (molécules) gaaluuɗe ɗe nde ki sorto, ki juuta ko ɓuri 100 miliyoŋ kilomeeteer.
2- Laaci ngoɗki ki ko punndi, gabbe ɓoccitiiɗe aaludere sabu duñngo caafe naange, kiin laaci heewi ko ooñaade no wafdu ni, e ki juuta fotde miliyoŋaaji 10 kilomeeteer, e ki wallita waraango ngeɗon ngontowon koode ciirtotooɗe ɗe keewɗen yiyde jamma.
Koode laaci, ko geɗe jilloteeɗe weeyo men, ɓuri lollude e majje ko hoodere Halley, ndeen so yiyaama, hade nde artoyde ko maa timma duuɓi 76, ɗuum firti, ko neɗɗo yiyata nde laabi ɗiɗi ko naamni ko juutde balɗe.
Hoodere laaci yilliinde men hikka nde, hono Neowise, ɓuri ɓooyde ko wirnoto, sabu nde artoyta ko ɗo e duuɓi 6800.
Annduɓe mbewu ina korsini koode laaci sabu eɗe coomi ko heewi e geɗe fuɗɗoode seto-naange, tuufeeje mum gadane, gila e duuɓi miliyaaruuji 4.5 caggal.
Kono nde wonnoo gaaluuɗe majje heewaani diwde kiloometruuji seeɗa, won e majje ɗe naange saaynata haa laaɓa, tuma nde ɗe ɓadii nge.
Ina jeyaa e ɗe naange saayni hoodere laaci wiyeteende Ison hitaande 2014 so oɗon teskiti.
Windande: Diahammadi


text:
Woɗka gaska mawka heɓtowaama e lesdi Burkina Faso, to nguskiije Fulɓe, tawaa nder. Nguskiije ɗen ni, mooɓii worɓe halkaaɓe e nokku anndiraangu e Djibo to lesdi Burkinaaɓe ndin.
Hukuuma kaɓanooha neɗɗaaku innu aadama, ka Human Rights Watch, kan waɗi wiɗito nden heɓtoy to ɓen nihi Fulɓe kewtuɓe teemerre e cappanɗe tato (180) uwaa, ɓaawo sooji’en lesdi Burkinaaɓe ndin halkidii-ɓe.
Hooreejo hukuuma, Human Rights Watch e lesdi Faransi, Benedicte Jeannerod, kan anndini no hukuuma maako kan, ardii kuugal heɓtoyki gasɗe to nguskiije ɗen uwidaa, e nokku Djibo ngun, woylaare lesdi Burkina Faso ndin.
Nihi waɗi lesdi Amrika, anniyii haɗuki lesdi Burkina Faso ndin, ballal ko Amrika ndin woowi hokkuki-no Burkina Faso ndin. Ceede ballal ngal, e maa kare konu kannje lesdi ndin naftirta ngam honuki metta-baale’en e lesdi ndin. See ndaa jooni kadi ka laaɓi taar, sooji’en lesdi ndin e naftira baawɗe maɓɓe, to halkuki lesdiyanko’en ɓe tawdaaka saɗirma feere.
Ngam jooɗiiɓe e nokku Djibo to sooji’en halki ɓenɗaa’e ɗuuɗɓe Fulɓe, tabitinii, no sooji’en ɓen njahi haa nokku Fulɓe ɓen, nden nanngi-ɓe, suddaniɓe gite, haɓɓani-ɓe juuɗe, hidde ɓe piɗee, ɓe pat maɓɓe.
Lesdi Burkina Faso ni, bana luttuɗe lesɗe hirnaange Afrika, neeɓi nder saɗirmaaji balmanko’en. Non maa kadi hoore’en lesdi ndin, neeɓi e tuumiree halkuki Fulɓe e lesdi Burkina ndin. To sooji’en e lesdi ndin yananta ci’e Fulɓe e halkaɓe, bana no ka wanngata e lesdi Mali.
- Non woɓɓe boo kollii kulol maɓɓe, dow woyla wolaandu lesdi Naajeeriya maa, to ɓillaaji balmanko’en ɗuuɗi e diiwe Katsina, Zamfara, Sokoto, e ko taariiɗe, huunde bana nde’e e ɗon wannga. To taadiiɓe polis, sooji, e ko nanndi-ɓe jananta kala woynaaɓe fuu, halkaɓe, nden inniraɓe balmanko’en. Na’i maɓɓe boo inniree ngujjowaaɗi.
Windande: Surajo Teete


text:
Winndannde faatunde he yiyannde politik Banke Moñnjaal
« So sukaaɓe ngadoriima tawo jannginireede he nder ɗemngal ngal kaalata, paamata no moƴƴi, ko ndeen ɓe ɓurata faamde, ko ndeen ɓe ɓurata yaawde anndude ɗemɗe goɗɗe, ko ndeen ɓe ɓurata ɓooyde he nder jaŋde, ko ndeen jaŋde maɓɓe ndee ɓurata yahdude e pinal maɓɓe e ngonka nder nokku maɓɓe ». Hello 3 e 4
Haa dañee ! Banke moñnjaal tawtude ko heewɓe (haralleeɓe jangde, Unesco ekn) kaalata gila leyɗe men ndimɗaani tawo.
Banke Winndereejo (Banque Mondiale, BM) ine yaltini winndannde faatunde he ɗemngal potngal fuɗɗoreede jaŋde. To oon bannge, eɗen nganndi Unesco kañum taƴii haala kaa gila 1953 nde wagginta leyɗeele ɗee nde kuutortoo ɗemɗe mum en neeniije he (muuynangal) nder jangɗeele mum en. Duuɓi e kitaale kadi ko yimɓe heewɓe paami wonde ɓamtaare yaawataa tawi yimɓe kuutortoo ko ɗemɗe koɗe he nder jangde mum en. Jooni ko fedde toppitiinde ko faati he kaalis teeŋtini ko daraniiɓe ɗemɗe ngenndiije he nder Afrik, haa arti he Muritani, ngullata ko ine ɓura duuɓi 60 hannde !
Dokimaa mo banke moñnjaal (Banke winndere) sifotoo oo ko yiyannde mum hesere ko faati he ɗemngal jannginirngal, nde tawnoo ɗuum jeyaa ko e peeje ciynirɗe politik mum to bannge “literasi” mum (“littératie” : kattanɗe tarde e winndude e faamde kabaruuji, nder nguurndam ñalnde kala) ngam ƴaañde faandaare mum hesere to bannge jaŋde.
Faandaare ndee yiyannde hesere ko wallitde ɓamtaare politikaaji e golle baɗeteeɗe he nder ɗemɗe jannginirɗe, nde tawnoo politikaaji paatuɗi he ɗemngal jannginirgal pawii ko e ngonka leydi kala. E nder ndee yiyannde hesere, miijo Banke Winndereejo ine teeŋtini ɗeeɗoo piɓle garooje ngam ɓeydaade moƴƴinde jaŋde he nder leyɗe pamare ngalu (baasɗe walla kakindiiɗe).
Fiɓnde 1 : Jannginde sukaaɓe he nder ɗemngal mum en gadanal (Ɗ1), fuɗɗoraade Sarwisaaji Jaŋde e Jaɓɓo Cukaagu Tokoosu, ko famɗi fof duuɓi 6 gadani jaŋde leslesre ndee. Alaa e sago jaŋde ndee waɗee he nder ɗemngal ko ɓuri heewde e sukaaɓe ɓee ɓuri waawde haalde e faamde ;
Fiɓnde 2 : Huutoraade Ɗ1 he nder jaŋde fannuuji janngeteeɗi ɗii gaa-gaa taro e binndol. Janngooɓe ɓee ine katojini e marde no moƴƴi taro e binndol he nder fannuuji keewɗi kam e fannuuji janngeteeɗi ekkol ;
Fiɓnde 3 : Naatnude jaŋde Ɗ2 (ɗemngal ɗimmal) no ɗemngal tumarankeewal tawa ine teeŋtini heen kattanɗe haala. Waasde naatnude he jaŋde Ɗ2 ngal nder literasi e jaŋde fannuuji so wonaa nde janngooɓe ɓee keɓi kattanɗe jonɗe he nder Ɗ1 kam e kattanɗe haala nder Ɗ2. Janngooɓe ɓee ine mbaawi marde ɗemɗe ɗiɗi nder jaŋde lesre, so jaŋde ndee e deggondiral ngal moƴƴinaama.
Fiɓnde 4 : Jokkude jaŋde he Ɗ1 caggal nde Ɗ2 wonti ɗemngal dowrowal jaŋde. Janngingol he Ɗ1 ine jokka moƴƴinde no feewi kattanɗe he nder Ɗ2, hay nde Ɗ2 wonti ɗemngal jannginirngal.
Fiɓnde 5 : Jokkude e sifaa duumiiɗo, yuɓɓinfde, ƴellitde, yahdinde e moƴƴinde ciynugol politikaaji Ɗemngal Jannginirgal, e dow tuugnaade he ngonka e paandaale leydi. Banke winndereejo ine foti gollodaade e leyɗe gollodiiɗe kam e gollodiiɓe ɓamtaare ngam sosde e feccondirde ngaluuji tawa kadi ine daranii wallitde kattanɗe janngingol potndowol, ngol faayiida dowrowo, ɗe politikaaji juɓɓuɗi Ɗemngal Jaŋde rokkata.
Banke winndereejo ine sakkita calɗi golle tati ngam yenaneede piɓle ɗee ine naattinee e kala sahaa nder golle Banke winndereejo oo, ngam ƴellitde e aaɓnude ciynugol ndee yiyannde.
Senngo adano ngoo toppitii ko sunnaade e ɓetde ngonka PƊJ he nder kala leydi gollodteendi, kam e peeje politik goodɗe. Senngo ɗimmo ngoo ɗaɓɓi ko darnde ɓurnde tiiɗde geɗe PƊJ rewrude e kaaldigal.
Faandaare, yimɓe toɗɗaaɓe, faayiida e njuɓɓudi ndee winndannde ;
Faandaare ndee winndannde ko ngam yenaneede wonde Golle Banke winndereejo he Nehdi e Jaŋde he nder winndere ndee, ine mbaawi wallude leyɗe ɗaɓɓuɗe ɗum seertude e caɗeele bonɗe ɗe PƊJ ɗi moƴƴaani ngaddata e nder jaŋde sukaaɓe… Winndannde ndee haalaani denndanngal calɗi politik jaŋde. Nde haalaani ko faati he darnde PƊJ nder jaŋde toownde, jaŋde e heblo karallaagal e mecce, jaŋde mawɓe walla ekko nder nguurndam no diidorinoo. Winndannde ndee ina waggina GBM nde huutortoo yiyannde hesere ndee. Jaɓgol wasiyaaji mum ine ɗaɓɓi ummanagol golle ƴaañoyooje leyɗe gollodtooɗe e GBM, baaɗe no : wiɗtooji ɓurɗi luggiɗde, ƴellitgol e cargol ngaluuji winndere denndaaɗi, ɓeydugol ganndal e kattanɗe gollotooɓe he nder jaŋde rewrude he kaaldigal ɓurngal yuumtude haa teeŋti wonande jaŋde leslesre….
Winndannde ndee fuɗɗorii ko heɓtinnde, wonde « ko ɓuri teeŋtude اe ngalu aadeewu ummortoo ko e ɗemngal », ɗum firti ko « ɗemngal woni ngooroondi kala ngalu he nder renndooji kesi (renndooji hannde), tee ngu heɓortoo ko rewrude e nehdi e jaŋde ». Ɗum noon so leydi ine njiɗi ƴellitde ngalu mum, endi foti moƴƴinde jaŋde nder ekkol e ɓeydude keeweendi « Kitaale Jaŋde Yahdunde e Ekko » (Années de Scolarité Adaptées à l’Apprentissage (ASAA)). Politikaaji ballitooji heblude yimɓe hattanɓe (annduɓe, haralleeɓe, waawɓe ɓamtude leydi) poti tuugaade ko politikaaji ɗemngal jaŋde juumtungal ; tee « BM ine foti no feewi wallitde ɗiin politikaaji, ɗum jeyee e sarɗiiji ardinta so ine wallita leyɗeele ɗee ƴellitde kattanɗe mum en ».
Haala ñaaƴata ko he hunuko joom mum : njaltinen tan huunde he tonngol winndannde ndee…
« Heewi saabaade pamɗugol njeñtudi jaŋde ko politikaaji jaŋde ɗi tuugaaki e ɗemɗe jaŋde potnooɗe suɓeede ɗee. Nder won e leyɗe, sukaaɓe ine njannga duuɓi tati (3) tawa mbaawaa heɓtinde hay helmere wootere winndannde, heen sahaaji tawa alaa ko ɓe nganndi so wonaa alkulal gootal ». Ɗum noon ɓe mbiyi, so neɗɗo reenaaki tan fawtata caɗeele ɗee fof ko he « baasgol jannginooɓe hattande » walla « janngooɓe ɓee waasde toppiteede », kono tawa ɓuri saabaade ɗee caɗeele fof ko « kuutoragol he jaŋde hee ɗemngal ngal almuɓɓe ɓee paamataa ». Alaa ko addani almuɓɓe leefde so wonaa waasde faamde ɗemngal njanngnirtee ngal.
Toɓɓere tataɓere winndannde ndee yaltini, ko hollude wonde « juumtugol jaŋde ine fawii e cuɓagol ɗemngal jaŋde moƴƴal ngal ». « So sukaaɓe ngidoriima tawo jannginireede he nder ɗemngal ngal kaalata, paamata no moƴƴi, ko ndeen ɓe ɓurata faamde, ko ndeen ɓe ɓurata yaawde anndude ɗemɗe goɗɗe, ko ndeen ɓe ɓurata ɓooyde he nder jaŋde, ko ndeen jaŋde maɓɓe ndee ɓurata yahdude e pinal maɓɓe e ngonka nder nder nokku maɓɓe. Ko ɗuum woni ko wiɗtooji keewɗi, mawɗi, jangtaaɗi ɗoo e cili keewɗi, kolliti. Politikaaji jaŋde moƴƴi ɗemngal jannginirgal ine mballita potal nder ekkol e nder ƴettugol gollotooɓe ; kañji kadi ɓuri famɗude fere, tee eɗi ñiɓa no moƴƴi janngooɓe he nder renndo mum en ».
« Politikaaji moƴƴi ɗemngal jaŋde keewaani ».
Ɓure mum fof e heewde, yoga e tippule nehdi e jaŋde tuugaaki he ɗemngal ɓurngal haande ngal. Alaa, yoga heen, mbaɗɗini e sukaaɓe ɓee ko janngirde ɗemɗe ɗe paamataa no moƴƴi, walla nii, ko ɓuri ɗuum bonde, janngirde ɗemɗe ɗe nganndaa. Ɓeen sukaaɓe tooñaaɓe he jaŋde ngoni kadi sukaaɓe tooñaaɓe he nder nokkuuji goɗɗi (ko wayi to bannge renndo e faggudu, e to bannge goɗɗugol nokkuuji teeru ekn.), huunde saɗtinoore jaŋde maɓɓe, haɗoore ɓe yahrude yeeso nder jaŋde. He nder yoga e leyɗe, jannginooɓe e janngooɓe ko waawneteeɓe jannginirde e janngirde ɗemɗe ɗe ɓe kaalataa (ɗe ngonaa ɗemɗe maɓɓe), tee ine anndaa wonde, he nder almuɓɓe sappo (10) fof, heen njeenayo (9) (ɗuum woni ko ɓuri 90%) ine mbaawi waasde dañde kattanɗe ɓurɗe famɗude katojinaaɗe ɗee, ko wayi no taro e hiisa lesleso, nder ekkolaaji dewɗi oon politik jannginirgol ɗemɗe koɗe wonande janngooɓe e jannginooɓe.
Polikaaji bonɗi paatuɗi he ɗemngal jannginirgal ine mbonna jaŋde, ine haɗa heɓde, ine kaɗa nuunɗal, ine kaɗa juumtugol e keƴgol he nder renndo. Wiɗtooji keewɗi kollitii wonde « cukalel ɓuri waawde ekkaade ko he ɗemngal mum gadanal (Ɗ1)… So tawii ngel fuɗɗoriima jaŋde maggel he ɗemngal maggel gadanal ngal (Ɗ1), ko ndeen ngel ɓuroyta waawde ɗemngal ɗimmal ngal (Ɗ2) e waawde marde gannde. Ko ndeen kadi ngel ɓuroyta duumaade he ekkol. Ko ndeen sukaaɓe jeyaaɓe e 40% galleeji ɓuri famɗude doole to bannge renndo e faggudu, ɓuroyta waawde janngirde ɗemngal ngal paamataa, tee galleeji maɓɓe ngalaa ngalu mbaawngu ustude baɗte politikaaji ɗemngal jaŋde ɗi moƴƴaani he nder ekkollaaji ɗo njanngata ɗoo. Leyɗeele dewɗe politikaaji jaŋde kuutorteeɗi ɗemɗe ɗe jannginooɓe e janngooɓe kaalataa, paamataa, ine teskoo ko pirlitta heen e ngalu koo alaa nafoore » (wayi ko no bonnude jawdi e huunde nde heewaani nafoore e mum). « Ɗiin politikaaji ngaddanta sukaaɓe heewɓe woppude jaŋde, heewɓe ndonka ɓennude, e sifaa kuuɓtodinɗo tolno jaŋde wona e lesɗitde ». Ko ɗuum tagi, « nafoore leyɗeele ɗee to bannge kaalis ko huutoraade politikaaji ɗemɗe jaŋde moƴƴi, sibu maa ɗe ustu njaru heblo almuudo haa heɓa seedantaagal (dipoloom) , ko jiidaa e ɓeydaare wonande kala ɗemngal jannginirangal e nder ekkol laamu dañata heen ».
« Ɓamtaare mawnde no feewi ina waawi dañeede so ɗemɗe seeɗa goɗɗe mbaɗtii jannginireede ». Wiyde ine jannginira he nder 7 000 ɗemɗe winndere ndee fof, ko goonga ine hulɓina, kono ngool kulol haanaani. Luural ngal ko sikkude wonde jaŋde Ɗemɗe Keewɗe Tuugiinde e Ɗemngal Neeniwal (ƊK-TƊN) ine ɗaɓɓi ngalu ɓurtungu ngu tolnondiraani e nafoore mum. Tawi noon, goonga-goonga, ƊK-TƊN ine heewi ngartam, tee ɓuri to woɗɗi no heewi sikkireede nii, weeɓde yuɓɓinde. Waɗi noon, ko ɓuri heewde e jannginirteeɓe hannde e Ɗ2 ko seeɗa ɓeydortee e ɗemɗe kuutorteeɗe he jaŋde, he tolno winndere ndee fof. Nayaɓe tati (75%) caɗeele ɗee maa usto so 220 ɗemɗe goɗɗe ɓeydaama e nder winndere ndee (wonata ko hedde ɗemngal gootal nder leydi kala). Ngam heɓde 84% wonande denndaangal janngooɓe ɗemɗe ɓurɗe famɗude ɗee he nder leyɗe ɗee fof, ko 559 ɗemngal fat (ko jaasi ɗemɗe tati goɗɗe wonande leydi kala) poti ɓeydeede e ɗemɗe janngnirteeɗe ɗee. He sifaaji ɗiɗi ɗii fof, ɗemɗe potɗe ɓeydeede ɗee ko ɗemɗe binndaaɗe. Ko ɗe juɓɓinaaɗe, tee heen gootal kala, ko famɗi fof, 1,5 miliyoŋ ine kaala ɗum. 6 200 ɗemɗe keddiiɗe he winndere ɗee, haalooɓe ɗum en njettaaki 10% he keeweendi yimɓe aduna oo fof. Jeegoɓe joy (5/6) saɗeende ndee ine waawi safrireede tiiɗnaare yuɓɓinaande, toɓɓaande. Ñawndugol jeegoɓal saɗeende keddingal ngal ine waawi ɗaɓɓude mudda juutɗo kam e ngalu keewngu.
Miijooji e jiyle politik ine mbattina e politikaaji ɗemngal jaŋde (PƊJ). Ɗiiɗoo dalillaaji jangtaaɗi no mbayi heewde nii fof, hol ko saabii leyɗe keewɗe haa hannde ine cuɓoo PƊJ ɗi njeñtudi mum en jaŋde moƴƴaani, etee njoñoori yimɓe heewɓe ? Gooto e sababuuji hee ine waawi wonde ŋakkere anndude nafoore janngingol he ɗemngal janngooɓe ɓee ɓuri waawde haalde, e faamde no moƴƴi. Sababuuji goɗɗi ɗii ɓuri, sikke alaa heen, mettude yiyde e faamde. Dalillaaji cuɓagol ɗemngal jannginirgal ine hasii pawoo e jiyle politik diwtuɗe senngo jaŋde. Ɗemngal ine jotondiri no feewi e neɗɗaagu ngenndi e politik. Heen sahaaji, mahngo ngenndi ine waawi jotondirde e ɓamtugol ɗemngal leñol gootol dow ɗemɗe leƴƴi keddiiɗi ɗii. Ɗiggingol ɗemngal ine jogii darnde nder gollingol. E ko ɓuri heewde, jiknaaɓe sukaaɓe ɓee kiisii ko so cukalel waawaani ɗemɗe mawɗe ɗee (iwdi koloñaal), dañataa golle moƴƴinooje janngo mum en. Ɗiggingol ɗemngal ine waawi wonde sabaabu cuɓagol Ɗ2 winnderewal, hay so tawii noon ine anndaa ɗuum yuumtaani, haa teeŋti noon so tawii fannuuji ɗii fof njanngirtee ko Ɗ2, ɗo kattanɗe jannginooɓe walla janngooɓe ɓee waawi tolnaade fof noon. Teskagol ngonka kuuɓtodinka to bannge politik ine himmi no feewi wonande daranagol politik juumtuɗo wonande geɗe jowitiiɗe e Ɗemngal Gadanal Jaŋde.
Safaruuji politik ine ngoodi kono ciynetaake no haanirta nii.
Capanɗe hitaande jooni ko dallinannde ngam politikaaji moƴƴi PƊJ (polotik ɗemngal jaŋde) ine mbaɗee, kono, ine famɗi ɗo jogiiɓe laamu walla gollodiiɓe ɓamtaare mbaɗti heen hakkille. Kono eɗen mbeltii, jooni won ummannde sooynaa he nder won ɗiin nokkuuji winndere ndee, ngam waɗde wiɗtooji keewɗi, ɓurɗi moƴƴude. Kadi, won humpito woodaa, miijooji juumtuɗi lelni wasiyaaji moƴƴi, dowrowi wonande fannu oo e sifaa kuuɓtodinɗo, wonande kadi, ma a taw, denndaangal gaggaaji tokoosi laaɓtuɗi. Wasiyaaji moƴƴi ine ngoodaa, cifotooɗi ngonka leyɗe ɗee, wonande kadi peeje e kuutoragol ɗemɗe ɗee nder nehdi e jaŋde. Laabi ɗowooji kam e yeruuji jiyle moƴƴe kuuɓtodinɗe nder taƴe jaŋde he nder Ɗ1 ine keewi hannde. Peeje peewnugol kaɓirɗe jaŋde e ekko, kam e topirɗe (logiciels) peewnirɗe defte janngirɗe e defte daari wonande sukaaɓe, ine ngoodi tee njoɓetaake, tee ine ɓeydoo ñalnde kala huutoreede. Peeje politik wonande caɗeele keewɗe paatuɗe he jannginooɓe, kam e jaŋde e heblo, ine ɓeydoo limtilimtinde. Gannde e ngoƴaaji paatuɗi e gagga ɗemngal ɓetirgal ine ɓeydoo heewde. Dalillaaji laaɓtuɗi teskaama wonande keelɗugol « leelgol yaltinde » kam e peeje goɗɗe jannginirɗe juumtuɗe ine ngoodi. Kono tan jahral heen yeeso ngal ine leeli no feewi, kadi kaɓirɗe goodaaɗe ɗee nganndaaka no feewi walla paamaaka.
Fulo e tonngol : Bookara Aamadu Bah


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Home -- Fulfulde -- Perform a PLAY -- 018 (Breakfast per airmail 3)
18. Ittirɗun kooýe iwrude ka dow 3
E nder hawjere, Iiliiya iwi ka suudu lanɗo on. Ko huunde wootere no laaɓi : o haanaano nennaade sabu oo lanɗo mo hulataa Alla huuway no waawiiri fow fii no o warira annabi Iiliiya. Kanko Iiliiya non o hulataa sabu himo andi wondema Alla ko selluɗo finde, o accitataa mo.
Alla daalani annabaajo makko on no laaɓiri.
Alla : "Iiliiya, iwu ɗoo, fewta funnaange, suuɗoɗaa e ngol ilol wongol e ndee nokkuure wi'eteende Keeriiti. Ɗon, a waaway yaarude ka ilol, mi yeɗete kadi ɲaametee."
Hara hiɗa anndi ko honno Alla waɗirnoo ɗun?
O neli kayakayaaji ko addana mo teewu e bireedi kanko annabi Iiliiya. Ko nden huunde labaande tigi woni ko laatii: Alla addiri ɲaametee "rewrude e laana-wiiroowa" fii ittirɗun kooƴe e soƴƴaari fii annabi Iiliiya.
Alla ko selluɗo finde. Kala ko jiyaaɗo makko on hanndi e mun, Alla yeɗuno mo ɗun tigi. Ko nokkuure suuɗorde ka ɲaametee e ka yaretee woodi.
Yogaaɓe hawruno e ngurndan sattuɗan e on saa'i. Hari ndiyan alaa, soɲetaake, ɲaametee alaa. Ka lannoode, hay ilol wongol ngol e ndee nokkuure wi'eteende Kariisu sakkitori yoorude. Ɓay ɗun waɗii, Alla holli annabi Iiliiya laawol goo, ko yo o yahu ka wi'etee ɗon Lisiduuma, ɗun ko ka keerol.
Ko o naatata ka saare, o torii debbo on :
Iiliiya : "Okkoran ndiyan yareteeɗan e huntere bireedi."
E nder ninse, debbo on ndaari mo, o yewtiri mo hawa yoomuka:
Debbo : "Mi alaa ɲaametee. Ko sariyaare conndi farin mi mari ka kopiwal an e ka loonde an ɗoo, ko sintere nebban seeɗa tun woni ko heddanii lan. Ko ɗun fow mi mari. E oo saa'i ɗoo miɗo faalaa waɗande ɓiɗɗo an ko o ɲaama. Yonataa ɓuri nafakka gooto, si feƴƴii e ɗun ... haray men maayay woni."
Iiliiya : "Hita a hulu! Ko Alla imminin-mi haa e maa. O daali wondema conndi farin wondi ndin ka … lannataa, nebban wonɗan ɗan kadi ka loonde ɗuytotaako fannii ndee hokkere ɗoo no woodi."
Alla ko selluɗo-finde! Ko o fodi kon fow laatoto.
Conndi farin ndin ka sariyaare lannataa, nebban wonɗan ɗan ka loonde ɗuytotaako, fii kala debbo on huutorii ɗun tigi ɲannde kala fii ko o defira ɲaametee makko on. Annabi Iiliiya, debbo on e ɓiɗɗo on heɓuno ko yonata soono wo. Ɗun no foti nee!
Alla ko selluɗo-finde! A waaway halfinaade e makko haa jooni!
Yewtooåe : Fillitotooɗo, hawa Alla kan, Iiliiya, debbo
© Copyright: CEF Allemagne


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Yoga e leyɗe duunde Afrik nde ina piɓi mawninde hikka, caggal duuɓi cappanɗe joy, keɓgol jeytaare mum caggal nde ɓoorii tiimaandi Farayse e darorɗe kitaale capanɗe jeegom. Hol to ngoo miijo ummorii ? Ina gasa tawa ɗum ummorii ko to tiimnooɓe ɓe (sabu e Moritani ko nelaaɗo Sarkosii yettini miijo ngo Wul Abdel Ajiiju), to Senegaal kam, ina wayi no ɓeen lelnii tuugnorgal mum en no kebori mawninirde hitaande nde e tee puɗɗiima siynude ɗum.
Duuɓi 50 caggal jeytaare Afrik : ngonka e kappanɗe
Ina jeyaa e ko saabii tiimgol leyɗeele Afrik yiɗde won e leyɗeele Orop hoonaade e aduna oo e gaddanaade faggudu mum en keɓgol ngaluuji tago ko wayi no oogirɗe (njamndi, kaŋŋe, peterol ekn…) mbele ina ƴellita mbaylaaji mum en.
Tiimgol e kalfugol leƴƴi ko huunde ɓooynde e nder renndo aadee en, etee ina teskaa ko heewi heen saabotoo ɗum ko geɗe faggudu, maa wonii ko yiɗde honde ngaluuji janani, walla macciɗinde yimɓe mbele ina ligganoo ɗum (ko ɗum nawi ɓaleeɓe to Amerik, to Antiiy ekn…). Nde wonde yoga e leyɗeele Orop, gila ko ɓooyi ndaranii ko yiylaade leyɗeele ɗe tiimi, haa waɗti won e sahaaji eɗe kawrita e nokku gooto haa ɗum jibina kareeli hakkunde maɓɓe, e hitaande 1884-1885 ɓe pelliti noddondirde e wuro wiyeteengo Berlin(Almaañ) ngam feƴtitaade Afrik, wona gooto heen fof annda keerol mum ɗo haaɗdi e keddiiɗo o. E hitaande 1905 tawi kodenndaangal duunde Afrik nde feƴtondiraama hakkunde Farayse, Engele, Almaañ, Portugaal, Espaañ, Italii e Belsik, ko ɓuri heewde heen ko noon, nawi ɗum ko Farayse e Engele en.
Hay gooto daartantaake kiisgol ndiiɗoon tiimaandi : golle waawnere, bilanka, lempooji, ñallineede e naange, ɓoftude dubuuje ekn… Ɗum ko seeɗa heen tawde en kaalaani tawo warngooji e loppitgol jawɗeele janane e dusgol ngaluuji men tago ngam wayloyde ɗum e isinaaji, ruttoo yeeyta men njeñaari ndi (otooji, abiyoŋaaji, hay laysetaaji jiidaani e nguura …) e coodgu warhoore. E nder hare adunayaŋkoore ɗiɗmere, leyɗeele tuubakooɓe ɗe, teeŋti noon e Farayse e Engele mbaɗi ko « mobburu » ɓofti yoga e sagataaɓe leyɗeele Afrik, ɗe nawi ɗum en mbele ina mballita ɓe e wolde hakkunde maɓɓe e Almañ mo Hitleer, yoga e maɓɓe ko toon keddi, dañnooɓe artude ɓe ngartidi e baasal mum en… Ko e ɗiiɗoo duuɓi battindiiɗi, caggal sippirooji keewɗi pelle daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee e aduna oo, ɓe keɓtinanaa potgol hakkeeji e soldateeɓe Faraysenaaɓe yaadiiɓe maɓɓe e wolde he.
Ñifgol wolde adunayaŋkoore ɗimmere e tiimtaandi kesiri
Ko caggal ñifgol wolde aduyaŋkoore ɗimmere e poolgu maalde haɓɓondirnooɓe (les Alliés) koɓuri teeŋtude e ɓeen ko Farayse, Engeleteer, Amerik, Riis en ekn… ; Ko caggal nguun poolgu dillere hesere naati e nder leyɗeele Afrik e nder aduna oo kala pooɗantooɗo ndimaagu ejeytaare leyɗeele Afrik ɗe ; Nde wonde gila e kitaale 1930 leyɗeele koloñaal en ɗe cuɓtinooma won e sukaaɓe Afriknaaɓe njannginoyi ɗum en e iniwersiteeji mum en ngam huutoroyaade ɗum en ko fayi arde cuuɗi mum en, ko wayi no Jomo Keñataa en (Keniyaa), Kuwaame N’Kurumah en (Gaana), Seŋoor (Senegaal) Ufuwet Buwaañi to Koddiwaar, nde wonde noon ɓeen kumpitiima toon miijooji kesi baaɗi no jeytaare, ndimaagu, demokarasi ekn… ngartiri ɗum e nder leyɗeele mum en. Ndeen dillere alaa ɗo heddi e jookli Afrik haa e duunde Asii. E fuɗɗoode, leyɗeele tuubakooɓe ɗe njattini, mbiyi ina caloo ndeen ɗaɓɓaande, kono nde wonde ɗum yaajii no feewi, etee won e leyɗeele nii puɗɗiima umminande ɗum fiyannde (Alaseri, Enndosiin) jiidaani e murtooji keewɗi, ɓe pelliti deestaade sabu hulde hoto «joorngol sumorde keccol». Eɗen ciftora e oon sahaa Farayse waɗi «referaandoom» e nder leyɗeele ɗe tiimnoo ina naamnoo ɗum en so ina njiɗi heddodaade e Farayse e nder dowla gooto (communauté Française). Ko e oon sahaa kadi, e hitaande 1958, «Non»(Alaa) jaabawol daartiyaŋkeewol ngol Seeku Tuure to Gine jaaɓtinoo Seneraal Deegool jaayteteengol haa e ñalawma hannde oo, wonani Faraysenaaɓe winndannde wonde haŋkati, Afrik ɓoccitiima.
Ko ɗum waɗi, e puɗɗorɗe kitaale 60, Farayse fuɗɗii rokkitde won e leyɗeele ndimaagu mum en : fuɗɗorii ko e GINE sabu jaabawol Deegool e «Alaa» mo Seeku Tuure ko wiyde ɗum, so tawii «njiɗɗon tan ko jeytaare mon, ɓamee» kono noon, ɓamee makko ko gonduɗo e mettere sabu wayi tan kono jokkii heen ko «onon e koye mon». Tuggi Saawiyee haa noowammburu 1960, sappo e jeetati leydi heɓi hoore mum, Muritani ko heen jeyaa.
Tiimtaandi kesiri, ko lolliri hannde «Françafrique» e muuyaaɗe demokarasii e nder Afrik.
Tuggi nde leyɗeele Afrik ɗe keɓi koye mum en haa e darorɗe kitaale cappanɗe jeenay (90), yoga e leyɗeele ɗe ndeeƴaani. Ina jeyaa e ko saabii ɗum geɗe ɗiɗi teeŋtuɗe haa tati :
1-Tiimnooɓe ɓe haa jooni ittaani juuɗe mum en e leyɗeele he, laamɗo jaɓanɗo ɓe, ɓe ƴaaña ɗum, jiɗɗo rootaade ɓe, ɓe njuɓɓina pollugol mum.
2-Caggal wolde adunayaŋkoore ɗimɗmere, ɓuri hoonaade haŋkati e aduna oo ko Amerik e Riisi. Waɗi ɗum ko ɓe mboniraaka no feewi e nder wolde he, ɓeen ne ngoni ko e fooɗondirde aduna oo. Ɗum waɗi e oon sahaa, heewii ko nan-ɗen e nder Afrik : ndii leydi reftii ko Amerik , ndiitoo nananta tan ko Riisi.
3-Dille mawɗe ina peeñi e yoga leyɗeele ɗe, daraniiɗe kaɓtagol tiimaandi kesiri ndi (néo-colonialisme). Yoga e majje ƴoogata miijanteeri mum en ko e miijooji Karl Markse, Leniin e Maawoo Tse Tung. Ko ɓuri tiiɗde e ko ɓe pelirta laamuuji maɓɓe, ko wiyde wonde ko«laamuuji kedditiiɗi tawo e tiimaandi leyɗeele Orop ɗe, laamɓe ɓe ko yeenaaɓe, ko jeytaarende heɓaa ko leydi ƴellitaaki, heege ina lutti tawo sabu en njeñtintaa nguura men, ligganto-ɗen tan ko leyɗeele tiimnooɗe ɗe, ngaluuji men fof ndusaama payraama toon, etee demokarasii woodaani e leyɗeele he… ». Raɓɓinde haala tan, ko waame jeytaare arnoonde e Afrik adanaani ɗum ƴellitaare : faggudu ndu ko ko borji, deeyre dañaaka e nder renndooji he, hay won leyɗeele nanndiraani hakkunde mum en ina pooɗondira keeri (yeru Kameruun-Nijeriya, Libi-cad ekn…), ñamaale pawndirɗe luɓaaɗe e leyɗeele mawɗe walla e baŋkeeji winndere nde, tawii ko ardiiɓe porlata ɗum en, ruttee fawee e dow keeceeje miskineeɓe.
E nder hitaande 1990 hawrii e ƴettugol laamu to Farayse Miteraa lomtiiɗo Jiskaar, yimɓe njaakorii maa wood ko waylii e jotondiral hakkunde tiimnooɓe e tiimaaɓe. Ɓeydi ndeen yaakaare kadi ko kaŋko Miteraa o noddii leyɗeele Afrik gonnooɗe e tiimaandi Farayse kala, o wiyi laamɓe mum wonde « hay gooto e mum en, ko fayi arde, hol to ɗamino e makko ballal so tabitinaani e leydi mum ko wiyetee demokararasii e kormagol jojjanɗi aadee », ɗum waɗnoo kowuro wiyeteengo «La Baule». Gooto e maɓɓe fof nde hooti tabitini ko o haali ko, no yiɗiri, walla kam no anndiri alaa ko bonnanta ɗum e laamu mum (ciftoren demokarasii Maawiya e oon dumunna caggal nde yooɓii pitaali keewɗi e nder leydi he).
Ko laaɓti tan, e dawrugol Farayse e nder leyɗeele Afrik, ɗum noon ko lanndaaji politigi ɗii kala (ñaami ɗi, hakkundeeje ɗi walla nannani ɗi) ko ɓe ngalaa heen giɗo walla sehil, ɓe njiilotoo tanko nafoore maɓɓe. Laamɗo bonantaaɓe so tawii ina danndi nafooje maɓɓe, hay so tawii noonko baroowo yimɓe walla jaɓɓoowo jojjanɗe aadee. Hannde, hay gooto waawaa wiyde ina sifoo mbaadi jotondiral Farayse e leyɗeele Afrik (dipolomasii maɓɓe), kono ina laaɓani yimɓe kam, wonde laamɓe wellitɓe ɓe e ngaluuji leyɗeele mum en fof, e ɓe korsini ɗum en, ko wayi no Gaboŋ, Anngola, Nijeriyaa ekn…sabu petorol mum en, Niseer sabu Iraniyum mum, hay so tawii noon Mammadu Tannja tolsinii demokarasii e nder leydi mum sabu jaɓɓugol doosgal leydi ndi. En njiyii, e hitaande 2009, yimɓe ndoŋku tan yoo darnde Farayse laaɓtan ɗum en kofeewti e kuudetaa Wul Abdel Ajiiju, nde wonde hawri ko e Total (sosiyetee peterol mo Farayse) ina meeroo ɓulli peteroŋ jiytaaɗi e Muritani. E ñalawma hannde o, wayi ko no dowla Farayse alaa dawrugol feewde e Afrik, kono ko dawrugol won ɗeen tuddule mooltiiɗe e laamu ciynata yiɗde mum, ɗum woni ko lolliri hannde «Françafrique». Hol ko woni Françafrique ? Ɗum, kohuunde mettunde huɓindaade sabu wonaa ko laawɗinaa kono so en njiɗii eɗen mbaawi siforaade ɗum no tuddunde renndinnde Afriknaaɓe, Faraysenaaɓe, won e laamɓe leyɗeele e Afrik, julaaɓe ko dagii e ko dagaaki fof (yeru dorog) heewnde jawdi e jotondire ɗe laaɓtaani, daraniinde huutoraade juɓɓule laamuuji mbele ina ƴellita heen fiyakuuji mum. Nehaande tuddunde nde noon woni ko Farayse. Ko ndeen tuddunde hannde haɗi jaaral yeeso e nder Afrik, ko kayre haɗi demokarasii ƴellitaade, artiri kuudetaaji e jaɓɓugol doosɗe leyɗeele e nder leyɗeele men.
Batane demokarasii hannde e nder Afrik ina niɓɓiɗi, sabu sereendu feeñnoondu e fuɗɗoode kitaale 90 ardundu e mooɓondire ngenndi (Conférences nationales), wellitaare to bannge politigi, kormagol jojjanɗe aadee ekn….woni ko e sukkaade, etee woni sabaabu mum ko won e leyɗeele Orop wasiyinooɓe ɗum, tawde teskaama ko kamɓe ngoni wakilaaɓe waɗooɓe kuudetaaji ɓe (Farayse e Espaañ e nder Muritani). Ɗum hannde ko ngoƴa wonannde demokaraat en e ngenndiyaŋkooɓe kala. Ko ɗum saabii batu ndenndunoongu e darorɗe lewru Feebiriyee 2010 to Ndakaaru, ndenndinngu yoga e partiiji luulndo gonɗi e Afrik bannge hirnaange, tawi ko Parti Socialiste (PS) mo Senegaal e Union des Forces du Progrès mo Muritani mbisminoo heen partiiji ɗi. E nder nguuɗoon batu, tawtoranooɓe ɓee fof kollitii faayre mum en e batane demokarasii e nder Afrik, etee ɓe njoopiima heen darnde Farayse nde fooƴtaaki.
Ko goonga caggal duuɓi capanɗe joy jeytaare Afrik, wiyetaake wonde en ɓosaani sabu wonko waylii e leyɗeele men, gila e jaŋde mum, karallagal kesal, safaruuji, jolngooji e peeje kumpital, kono kadi keptinen wonde ina waawnoo ɓurde ɗoon so tawii en loowiino laabi pooƴtiiɗi to bannge ɗowgol renndooji men to bannge demokarasi, e compugol dowla tuugiiɗo e sariya e nuunɗal. Ɗum fof noon waawata aamnaade ko tawa tiimnooɓe en haŋki ɓe ina ngoppidi en e sagooji men e suɓaade ardiiɓe ɓe kooli-ɗen, tawa ko nuunɗuɓe, ngenndiyaŋkooɓe. Ko ɗum waɗi siftorde men hikka duuɓi 50 ko keɓ-ɗen jeytaare men, foti wonande en ko loowgol hoore boowal kesal ngam daranaade ɓural e toowal leyɗeele men.
Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop


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Kono, holi no ɓe kaɓirtee ? Mbele ko duko, mbele ko ƴattooje, mbele ko tooñde walla nii añde leƴƴi goɗɗi ? Mbiy-ɗen ko alaa e ɗii laabi fof potngol huutoreede.
Annduɓe ene mbiya “jiɗɗo naneede e manteede, yo anndinir yimɓe hoyre mum ko moƴƴi, gila e haala haa e golle”. Waɗde so en njiɗii ngol men tinee, nanee, mantee, cinkiren ngol feeñninde ko ngol anndiraa koo. Ɗuum woni nehdi, hulde gacce, hormaade neɗɗo fof, daraade e goonga. Laataade leñol ngol tooñataa, heertotaako, jiɗngol leƴƴi fof, ganndiraangol teddungal e waawde moƴƴinde gondigal. Sabu men faamde e yenaneede, yiɗde leñol mum, firtaani añde leƴƴi goɗɗi. Mi haalaani ko foti wonde ñaawoore biyɗo yimɓe leñol goɗngol biyaate bonɗe, nde mbiyaani mbaɗaani, kono ene hulɓinii, ɗo cikketenooɗo ko “ngenndiyanke” darotoo ene manta kaaloowo e mo tooñaani ɗum haalaluuji ɗi peewaani, njuɓɓaani, ɗi aada salii, tee kawraani e diine. Askitinde ƴattotooɗo e annabaaɓe dee kam, miin mbiyat-mi anndaa ko foti wonde ñaawoore mum. Yahde haa wiya “oo kaalɗo ko boni, galle mum mahaama Aljanna, ekn. Mi ronkii anndude ko njokkat-mi heen.
Njogi-ɗen tan ko wasiyaaji fayde e banndiraaɓe ɓee. Ɗiin wasiyaaji ngoni, kala ko neɗɗo wiyatee mettina, woto wiy ɗum goɗɗo ! Kala ko neɗɗo waɗatee mettina, woto waɗ goɗɗo.
Ɗuum ne addana en naamnaade, holi ko waɗi nayi ene ñaaya, beyi ina njoɓree ? So won tooñɗo leñol, yo o rewne e laawol, tawa bone mum naworaani leñol mum fof. Sabu ene gasa tawa yimɓe leñol makko e koye mum en mbelaaka ko o haalii koo, tee pelii mo heen. Ene moƴƴi ngusten fitinaaji men, ngannden ko heɓtii leyɗeele goɗɗe koo jommbaani heɓtoo en. Ɗuum woni hare leƴƴi ɗo warngooji keewi, pittaali mboomii, tee mbiyaani mbaɗaani. Waɗde noon, ngartiren hakkillaaji men.
Ngannden ko en tagaaɓe, woɗɓe ko tagaaɓe. Ko en jibinaaɓe, woɗɓe ko jibinaaɓe. Ene wiyatenoo « so a yiɗii wirtude jinnaaɓe maa tan, ƴatto giƴe ». Waɗde, so a yiɗii hoyde tan, eto wiyde aɗa hoyna neɗɗo hono maa.
Ngaree ɓamten leñol men, cinken ɗum, njalbinen ɗum, njooɗnen ɗum, kono woto ngañen leƴƴi goɗɗi, woto ñiŋen ɗum en, woto ceyfiten ɗum en. Waɗde woto cemmbinen ƴattotooɗo ɗum en. So ɗum alaa ene ngaawat e hakkillaaji sukaaɓe ngañgu leƴƴi, tee en kumpaaka ko annduɓe men geɗe Diine kaali heen. Hay Baaba Maal reentinii en ko wayi noon e nder jimɗi mum, nde wiyata : « ndeento-ɗen ngañgu leƴƴi nana laya e sahre dunyaa ».
Malal Sammba Gise
e innde Fooyre Ɓamtaare


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Mi salminii ndeeɗoo yiilirde gollunde ɗeeɗoo golle baɗde faayiida. Ummaade 1994 nde naat-mi fedde nde fayde jooni, ko mi seede golle Fedde nde. Mbiɗo jeyanoo e yimɓe wiyatnooɓe alaa ko janngi pulaar. Hannde e ooɗoo sahaa, mbiɗo sikki mi ɗaanotaako, jamma e ñalawma, subaka e kikiiɗe, ko mi dariiɗo e fedde ɓamtaare pulaar, ko mi dogoowo heen, waɗi noon, ko yiyde nafoore mum. ….
Sukaaɓe kaal-ɗen ɗoo ɓee ne, mi haaliino heen seeɗa. Mbiy-mi cambalal mbaroodi, waawi cagataagal fowru! Ɓeeɗoo hannde ko cambalal mbaroodi.
Sukaaɓe nani ɗoo hannde, ngollaani ko ɓe ngolli ko. Hol ko haɗi sukaaɓe ɓe arde ngolloo e fedde nde? Walla, ko sukaaɓe ɓe kaɗi koye mum en? Ɗum ina foti ƴeeweede hade mon wiyde sukaaɓe ɓe e rewɓe ɓe yo naat e fedde nde. Fedde nde fooɗtii sukaaɓe ɓe, noddii mawɓe ɓe, waɗii peeje mum fof. Miin ƴettat-mi yeru ko e hoyre am, mbiɗo jeyanoo e yimɓe saliiɓe fedde nde. Maa njiy-mi nafoore nde puɗɗii-mi naatde heen. Mbiy-mi bannge goɗɗo o, ko almuɗɓe jom kume colli ngaddee ballital, mo woni fof yo winndu hay so tawii ko alluwal, mbele maɗum wallu en to bannge kiwal. Bannge goɗɗo o, mbiyat-mi yiilirde ndee: “hooɗeede, hoɗnataa, añteede, añintaa, yiɗeede ɓurtintaa, sabu pinal mankintaa. So hakkille tan yiytii, miijooji tan kiɓɓii.Himmeeji tan ndenndii, tan pinal faljirtaa!” Yiilirde ndee dariima fotde duuɓi 30 eɗen nganndi ɓe tampaani, tee eɗen nganndi ɓe ndañii caɗeele haa keewi. En mbaawaa reftaade hono ɗo ɓe ndewdaa ɗo, sabu en njiyno, won ɗo njooɗino-ɗen ɗooyene e galle hoyreejo men haa tawe-ɗen ɗoon, Saawo Umaar Idiriisa ɗoon teppaa nawaa anndaaka hol no o ɓiltorii heen…


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Ko adii hitaande 1979 ƴiiwoonde jam-yamre feŋiino e nder nganndi Muritani. Ɗamaawu heewi, yaakaare mawni. Tinaaka maataaka, haa kenal mbooy wutti nde ɗaminanooka, nde haanaani, duule carii. Ko e ngaan sahnga kadi ɓiraɗam fenndanoo, ɗaaniima ɗaanaaki haa mo yiɗaa ɓamtaare Leydi filtini kaggu. Ko ndee kadi tuuge ɓiɗanoo haa ciimtini nebam njalbojam. Ɗam siiwtaa, ɗam siiwtitaa haa ɗam weli yiyde. Eɗam ɗaminaa liyoyeede e hakkunde lahal ñiiri e bunaa ndiyamiri ndakmundi cuurkoori ndi ñaamoowo tinataa nguleeki mum sabu jogornoode arde e beetawe dabbunde nde fowru wiyatnoo « ko henndu woni jaangol ».
En tinaani en maataani haa ƴiiwonnde saaynaa, fedannde ɗeɓnoonde waggiɗde rufaa ene yahra e leele, ngaari kadi ferii faandu nebam, ngakmuɗam deelii. Ko ɗoon kadi yaakaare gasi, ɓerɗe taayi. Kono holi ndee ƴiiwoonde saaynde, holi ndee fedannde rufaande, holi ɗam nebam ɗam ngaari ferii faandu waɗnoondu ɗum ?
Sikke alaa ko tippude lelnanoondi ngam naatnude ɗemɗe ngenndiije fof e nder nehdi e jaŋde leydi Muritani. Sabu humpitooji puɗɗinooɗi dañeede heen kollirii tigi, wonde kala cukalel gadoringel janngude e ɗemngal mum neeniwal, alaa e gannde ko ronkata huɓindaade. Gila ndeen noon jooɗaaka, deƴƴaaka, saka ɗaanee. Wiɗtooɓe ene njokki golle, miijotooɓe ene njokki ɓulnaade.
Ɓee ene kooynii haa gite keewi loji, ɓeya gite mumene ene mbaɗi beeli Alla e lemaade e sooynaade, mbele won ɗo naange pinal e jaŋde fuɗata, tawa leñol fof ene yiytoo hoyre mum. Sabu fof rewrude e ɗemɗe men ngenndiiji, coomɗe gannde cuuɗiiɗe e peeñɗe, baawɗe tigi loowde gannde kese e kiiɗɗe fof.
Ene wiyee noon, ɗaminiiɗo maayata ko e damal suudu penoowo. Kono ɗuum ko so tawii ɗaminaaɗo oo ko neɗɗo no ɗaminiiɗo e mum oo nii. Sikke alaa kay, ɗaminaade e Alla kam, ko moƴinde njoorto. Te annduɓe kawrii, moƴƴinde njoorto ene juutna balɗe. Sabu kala ko ummii to Alla ko goonga wonata. Sahaaji noon e ka hiira, kono ka waalataa ladde dee. Ka heewi nii ko heɓtaade fenaande roƴnoonde walla mbiyen huudinoonde, ka ɗacca ɗum kadi caggal, e yolnde conngooji e taƴooɓe, haa ka fiya bawɗi ka leewoo, ka feewna, ka moƴƴina, ko junngo tagaaɗo waawaa bonnude. Mbele kaan goonga wonaani e fuɗɗaade feeñde no jamma njettiika ɗo hejjotonooɓe ndartinta ñaamde e yarde ngam fuɗɗaade Koorka?
Ko ɗuum walla wonaa ɗuum, en keɓii kabaaru kam e jaaynirde wiyateende Alakhbar, wonde Lannda dawrugol kuufka laamu Muritani hannde kaa, mbiyeteeka UPR wagginii yoo ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee naatne e tippudi nehdi e jaŋde leydi ndii.Ciftinen Doosgal Dowrowal leydi Muritani wiyi e kuulal mum 6 ko « ɗemɗe ngenndiiji Muritani ko Arab, Pulaar, Sooninke e Wolof, ɗemngal laamu ko Arab ». E wiyde jaaynirde ndee, ardiiɓe lannda kaa kaali ɗum ko nde payi e uddude ñalɗi gostondiral miijooji ɗi njuɓɓinnoo e laamorgo leydi ndii, woni Nuwaasooɗ. Naamne mbaaw ɗen werlaade noon ko ɗeeɗoo
- Mbele ɓe nelaaka yoo ɓe kaal ɗum ngam uurnaade kunuɗe
- mbele ardaaɓe gollinteeɓe ene mbaawi haalde haala mbayka nii heewde doole tawa mbaynaaki mawɗo mumene haa yamiri
- So tawii Gardiiɗo ɓe oo ko jamirɗo ɗum, holi ko waɗi haaldaani ɗemngal mum ?
Ko nganndu ɗen tan kam, ko pewjuɗo feññini waawnaaka, ruɗtii haali yeenaaka, mbaawten tan ko feertude gite cakken noppi haa nanen te kadi njiyen golle tabitɗe ɗe njilɓaani. Mi anndaa so e ɓe ciftora «konngol ko ndiyam, so rufii ɓoftotaako», kono ko woni e lahal fof kam, maa juuɗe njiytu.
Malal Sammba Gise


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Woni ɗoo ko miijo Dr Muhammadu Faalil Sih rokkunoo nder yeewtere waɗnoonde e dental WhatsApp biyeteengal “Goomu Fulo e Wiɗto” toppitiingal firde kelme kam waɗde wiɗtooji. Ndeen yeewtere noon toɗɗinoo ko anndude keɓtinirgal pulaagu, walla mbiyen “hol no pullo heɓtinirtee”. Woodi miijooji kaali heen jettooɗe… Jokku taro hello 5
Musiɗɓe, on calminaama calminaali nehtiiɗi… Ceerno Abuu Njoom jaaraama e ƴettude ɗum yaajeende fotnde nih, weddii heen miijooji paayodinɗi.
To bannge am, yettoode kam, ko en mawnin-ɓe ɗum tan haa ɓurti. Ngool mawningol noon ina jogoo sababuuji ɗi en limtataa, sabu faaɗireede. Kono so en ngartii e jaati, ma en taw ndaɗɗudi yettoode e hoore mum wonaa ko dartii no feewi.
Ko adii fof, to men ko yettoode baaba ƴettatee. Etee to baɗte tafo neɗɗo oo, ko yumma oo e baaba oo poti heen. Mo woni kala e maɓɓe won ko addi e tuufeeje guurɗiweeje mahɗe ɗum, rentinaa woni ɓiɗɗo.
Jooni noon, hay so en njiɗii yo yettoode dallin pulaagu neɗɗo walla capataagu mum, en njogoto saɗeende mawnde. Ngati so en mbiyii “ Soh ko pullo ” en mbiyii “ Bah wonaa ”, oon sahaa mo taaniraaɓe mum tato ngoni Bah, taanum gooto, hono baaba mum baaba mum woni Soh, oon kam, ina hasii tawa ko ɓuri heewde e tuufeeje mahɗe ɗum ko Bah-bahɓe ndokki ɗum, kono maa o ñaawe o wonaa pullo. Ndokkir-mi oo yeru ko hollitde wonde miijo “ ko yettoode dallinta jeyeede e leñol ” ina ŋakki no feewi.
Hannde won ɓiɓɓe fulɓe rewɓe resaaɓe baŋ-yoo-baŋ, etee jibinannde maɓɓe ina yettee hay Dupont, ɓeen ko e ɓesngu fulɓe njeyaa.
Ko refti heen, ɓaade ko e renndo ganndal ngon-ɗen, miɗo sikki jaggirtaake bon-needaagal so mi wiyii wonde Baaba mo hoolkisaaka ko tuumaaɗo tan, hade goɗɗo dañeede.
Oon sahaa noon, ƴettude fofof fawa e yettoode mum, ko e cuus-ndeeraagu mawngu jeyaa ! Haa jooni, wonaa hay dara, ko hollirde tan alhaali dallinirgol yettoode oo, hay so ko o feere, nde wonaa feewnitiinde.
Woni to njiɗ-mi arde ko to Abuu Njoom joofii too. Yo en paw daarti men e wiɗto, ko ndeen ceerndaten ko faati e daarti e ko abbitii e daari ɓoli.
Heen huunde fof noon ina jogii nafoore mum heeriinde, kono noon hoto ɗi njaawondire !
Heddii noon, ko kala ko haalaa e daartol, yo rokke daliilu mum laaɓɗo so oon ina jogaa. So o jogaaka, yo feññine kam haa laaɓa, wonde ko miijo tan woni ɗoon, oon sahaa rokkee ko addani neɗɗo oo tuumde ngoon miijo. Kono hoto yimɓe njaggu e miijooji ɗi ngalaa tawo daliilu laaɓɗo, tan caɗɗiloo heen no ko joganaa daliilu nih. Ɗum ko waawi wonde fof, wonaa no ganndal, e mbaadi mum hesiri addiri.
Ko heddii, ko goonga enen fof ko e Islaam limtete-ɗen, kono paamen nganndineeje [hono sciences] ngalaa Geno, ngalaa diine, njuulataa, koorataa, njahataa kaaba, mbaɗataa asuru. Ngati coklaani jooɗtoraade ɗum fof ne woodi ngam gollaade. Sabu so nganndineeje mbiyii ina njooɗtoroo ɗum, maa jojjan ɗum en dallinde ɗum, etee ɗum ko saɗeende nde hay gooto meeɗaa ñawndude, kadi ɗe coklaani jooɗtoraade ɗum ngam waɗde golle majje. Ɗum noon, so eɗen ngoni e waɗde dalillaaji nganndiineeji, hoto ɓilen ɗoon Geno, hoto ɓilen ɗoon diine. Nde tawnoo njooɗtorto-ɗen ko dallinde e mbaadi nganndiiniweri, etee en ngalaa daliilu nganndiiniwo paatuɗo e Geno walla e ɗee geɗe fof. So en paamii, kala nde ɗis-ɗen e daliilu men ko en mbaawaa dallinde, wontata ko en ndallinaani hay batte. Etee ɗum soklaani nih ko ina ɓittee heen, ngati hay batte ɓeeydataa e kisindi hee. Waɗde, ɓuri ko so tawii eɗen kaala Sciences, kaaɗen e ko sciences dallini e ko sciences jooɗtorii. So en naattinii heen goɗɗum, pamminen heɗiiɓe ɓee wonde en njaltii sciences, en naattii e goɗɗum.
Oɗon ɗacca hakke.
Muhammadu Faalil Sih


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Kopperatif Teyaaret noddirteeɗe Ñeeñal Haayre yuɓɓinii ñalɗi wejo tuggi 16 haa haa 19 suwee 2013 to Faawru Jaatiiji Ngenndi e gardagol Mekfuula Mint Hameyaada, gardiiɗo njuɓɓudi ndii. Wejo ngoo hollirii kala ko aadee waawnoo gollaade to bannge haayre haa teeŋti e ummoraade e diiwanuuji 4 gonɗi to bannge rewo leydi ndii : Shingiti, Wadaan, Walaata e Tishit.
Nokku heen fof ɓe kollirii natal jumaa mum ena waɗaa e alluwal, ɓe feeñnini mbaydi mahdi ndii ko jiidaa e ñeeñe goɗɗe ŋarɗuɗe. Caggal ɗum, ɓe kolliri geɗe teddungal ɗe koɗo walla garɗo heewi ɓadtineede to bannge rewo : tamarooje, ɗi siilaaji ceertuɗi, ataaye e kosam gelooɗi ngonɗam e karaŋuuji walla e ɓirduɗe.
Ɓe mbaɗtondirii ko konngol Muktaar wul Daddah haalnoo e hitaande 1957 nde ari Attaar, gila wonaani tawo kalifu gadano alaa ko haali wonde hooreeji leydi. Konngol ngol winndaa ko e damal naatirde wuro. Mi ɓamta : “Ɗoo, ɗo ngon-mi e hakkunde mon, onon kala, onon yettinɓe mi ɗo njettii-mi hannde ɗoo, mboɗo yetta on. Nguuɗoo ngalu, ndi mbaydi ndowrowri, ko duɗal tippondiral miijooji luggi e darnde saasnde, ko duɗal ƴellitaare njulaagu e gannde toowɗe”. Ndeeɗoo fedde noon anndinii wonde haayre jeyaa ko e sato men, ena foti huutoreede walla naftoreede no leggal nii walla no kuɗol nii.
Gelongal Fuuta lollirɗo, Njaay Saydu Aamadu


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Banndiraaɓe, ko ardii fof mi salminii on, mi weltiima kaaɗdi weltaare! Ina wayi no Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar e Muritani, so mi yiɗii mi wiya e yeeso kuuɓal nde liggiima no feewi, ɗum ne ko no feewi boom. Sabu nde ngartu-mi ɗo Misira (miin ko Yero Dooro Jallo janngini mi pulaar to Misira, kolluɗo-mi alkule pulaar ɗum ko “a” ɗum ko “ñ” ekn…, ko Yero Dooro Jallo). Gila ndeen feewde jooni, wonno ndeen ko 1968, mbiɗo rewindii golle ɗe ɗo njahrata. Golle ɗe ina njahri yeeso no feewi. Foti wonii ɗo e Moritani, walla to Senegaal, walla to Mali, walla e nder winndere nde, golle ɗe ina njahri yeeso. Neɗɗo noon, yo yawat ko waɗata, mbele waawa nganndu-ɗaa ɓultaade hoodere, hono no Bah Muhammed El Ghaalii wiyrunoo ndeen nii.
Sagataaɓe so pellitii yiyloyaade mawngu, alaa e sago modda ɓakkere. So a fellitii wiyde yo a mah tan, a moddat ɓakkere. Porofosoor Umar Bah yarhamuhu, ndeen min ngari min tawi ɗum galle Kajjata Kan, nde min mbiyata emin cosa Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar, min kolliti mo ɗum o wiyi : “Pellitɗo duhaade dey yiyat ƴiiƴam”. Nii min ndewi ha min cosi Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar ñalnde 07 marse 1976 nder Saloŋ am ɗo “bolok maniwel” ɗo … Ko ɗoon min mbatannoo. Min ngadii fof winndude ko e baafal damal. Demal cuurel ina uddita e Saloŋ hee, ɗoon min puɗɗii winndude e janngude; won wonɓe ɗo njanngii ɗoon. Mi jannginii ɗum en pulaar.
Min mbaɗii pelle ɗiɗi ko adii Fedde Ɓamtaare pulaar … Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar e Moritani, ko Muhammed Habiib Soh ardinoo nde hade mayre heftineede. Miin joginoo jokkondiral. Miin mbiynoo-mi ko suuɗaade waawaa nawrude pinal yeeso. En potaani suuɗaade e kuɗel, e moggitaade e leggel e ko mbaɗaten ko. Ngaree galle am haa neɗɗo wiya mi janngataa pulaar, walla mi janngintaa ɗum! Mi suuɗaaki e kuɗel, mi moggaaki e leggel, ngaree galle am njannginen…
So ɗum ɓennii, ɗoon ɗo deftere pulaar waɗtaani wujjeede, nganndee en cuwaa taw! So aɗa yiɗi neɗɗo yiyloo huunde, hollu-ɗum haa annda ko ɗum woni. Ndaro-ɗee, njannginen. Faandaare am wonnoo, ko aan ceerno adotoo e duɗal, ko aan wattintoo e maggal. Hol ko ɗum firti? Ko aan adotoo almuɓɓe arde, ko mawɓe njanngintaa, so tawii aɗa jogii almuudo gooto janngin mo haa nde o natti arde fof… Hokku mo hay so ko seeɗa e ganndal, wona a barminii mo, sibu ma o yiɗ huɓindaade, o arta…
Banndiraaɓe, Alla jaaraama, on njaaraama.


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Ko ɗum fooɗti hakkillaaji yimɓe heewɓe e ooɗoo dumunna : Goomu ngu suudu sarɗiyeeji darni ngam loskude borjingol jawdi teskangol e duuɓi sappo ɗi Abdul Ajiiju (A.A.) ardii leydi ndii. Ɗum ina addana en wiyde hol ko addi ko arataano, ma a taw eɗen mbaawi jaabaade tan ko « yiyde ko yiyataano » sabu ko ngol go’o yiyaa he Muritani laaminooɗo leydi ina wiyaa yo ar he yeeso dipiteeji, dallina jiilgol mum jawdi leydi ndi halfinanoo.
Ina wiyee noon « ko maayi e raddo fof ko jaawngal defii » sabu ɗum fuɗɗorii ko won pelle luulndo (UFP, RFD e UNAD), caggal nde Abdul Ajiiju ummii e laamu, ɗaɓɓirnoo guwarnama keso oo nde loskata won e ceŋɗe faggudu leydi (SNIM, SOMELEC, leydi koɗki walla ndema ekn…..) sabu ɗum teskeede ko waɗaa he nder ɗeen ceŋɗe he laamu A.A. meeɗaaka yiyeede. E oon sahaa kam teskaa ko gowornama oo nofli ndeen ɗaɓɓaande, kono pelle politigi ɗee ne njebbilaaki sabu ɗee ndewroyi ko he goomu maɓɓe mo ɓe cosi nder Suudu sarɗiyeeji, Alla walli ɓe, ɓe njaɓni goomuuji politigi gonɗi toon kala (hay UPR) miijo ngoo sabu so wonaano ɗum miijo ngo heboraano siyde.
Ɗum noon firti ko gollal ngal ɗaɓɓi ɗum ko Suudu sarɗiyeeji leydi ndii sabu ndu wonde « ndeennaandu Doosgal leydi ndii, tammbi ngal Dowla oo, gaddingal jiilgol dewondirngol, pooccingol doole mbaawkaaji ndenndaandi, heen bannge, e ndimaagu ngenndi e kisal keeri leydi, bannge keddiiɗo oo, no kuulal 24 wiyiri nii ».
Ko ina abboo e 200 naamnal omo fotnoo naamneede ɗum, ko gasataano hay e nder jonle limtilimtinɗe kono njoofoto-ɗen heen tan ko seeɗa ko ɓuri himmude.
Ko adii fof, o udditanaama naamnal jowitiingal e leyɗeele koɗki e ndema ko wayi no dokkirgol, e nder won ɗeen boowe he nder leeɗe : nanondiral baɗdangal e sosiyetee biyeteeɗo ENNAJAH ngam maha boowal laaɗe diwooje kesal, kañum heedtira e jeyal leydi ɗo boowal laaɗe diwooje ɓooyngal ngal darii ɗoo, jiidaani e njeeygu duɗe ndenndaandi, taƴre e duɗal polis e nokku sete duusoowo hooreejo leydi jiidaani e Estad olympik ekn… ko nganndu-ɗaa ko jeyi ndenndaandi « fotaani yeeyeede walla luɓeede gaagaa sariya ittaani ɗum e jeyi ndendaandi » : ɓe njokkii naamnal jowitiingal he leyɗeele dokkiraaɗe to nokkuuji dowri yeru daande maayo tawi rokkaa ɗum ko julankooɓe remooɓe tawi ko arani en walla sosiyeteeji inɗe boje ko ina tolnoo e ujunaaje ujunaaje hektaaruuji… ɗiin ɓesnguuji ndukii ɗum e oo sahaa.
Naamnal jowitiingal he ɓesngu A.A. sabu won kaayitaaji mbaɗa e juuɗe goomu nguu kollitooji kaalis keewɗo soodiraama jawdi leelindi tawi ko jawdi ɓurtundi ndi tolnaaki he ko anndaa e jogogal maɓɓe, yanti heen won e maɓɓe duuɓi mum en njettaaki ɗo poti jogaade jawdi potndi nii. Inɗe dokkiraaɗe ɗee kala (6) njoofti ko he innde makko, ɗiɗo rewɓe e ɗiɗo worɓe (ɓiɓɓe makko) joyaɓo oo ko jom suudu makko, keddiiɗo oo ko esiiko. Etee ko feeñi heen ko ɓe kabraa koo, wonaani hay ceɓɓitel ko woodi koo.
Jotondiral ɓesngu makko e fiyakuuji dowla ina feeñi e nder golle SOMELEC, e nder kabaruuji keɓaaɗi e Kalifo jogiiɗo ko feewti e kuɓɓam e gardinooɗo SOMELEC, ina feeñi toon wonde ko ɓiyiiko haaldetenoo he gollondirteeɓe e ɗeen geɗe, jawdi potndi waɗeede heen ekn… ko ɗum waɗi naamnal Goomu nguu feewde he A.A. ko mbele ooɗoo kam, ko waɗatnoo koo ummorii ko e maa ?
Cosgol sosiyeteeji so tawii won gollal ummanaa, ɗi pusee so haaju oo timmii ko huunde woƴnde goomu nguu, yeru sosiyetee biyeteeɗo ANADER kalfinanooɗo yo darnu potooje kuɓɓooji mbeddaaji tawa kuutortoo ko naange, sosiyetee cosaaɗo noowamburu 2010, fusaa marsa 2013, etee ɗeen golle mbaɗanoo ko he njiimaandi (BASEP) tawi SOMELEC ina ɗoon (tawii nii won ko ɗuum nafatnnoo). Ɗiiɗoon potooji mooftanoo ko he mangasinaaji BASEP ko ina tolnoo e ujunnaaje ujunnaaje, ko heddinoo heen koo anndaaka ɗo naati. Goomu nguu ina soklunoo heen jaabawol A.A.
Ina jeyaa kadi e ko ɓuri wonde kaawis ko fedde sosaande ina wiyee “Fondation SNIM » tawi liggortoo ko jawdi SNIM, etee ina rokkee golle ɗe ndewaani sariya juɓɓinɗo « nanondire gollantooɓe ndenndaandi » (marchés publics) kono liggortoo tan ko rokkude ɗeen golle mo yiɗani. He nder 102 golle dokkiraaɗe, heen 96 tottaa ko yiɗanaaɓe. Teskaa he nder ɗuum ko golle jowitiiɗe e mahaandi ndenndaandi (godoroŋaaji, birooji laamu ekn…), ko yowitii e nguura maa jaaɓnde jawdi ekn, fof tottaa ko sosiyeteeji jibinaaɗi tan hanki, maa wonii ko koreeji hooreejo leydi njeyi ɗi, walla ɓe o resndi jawdi yo liggano mo. Goomu nguu ina naamnii mo hol sabaabu ɗum ɗoon, etee ko huunde he haala makko nde o halnoo sabu o wiyiino « ɗeen peeje ko laabi njeenaari e dirtingol jawdi laamu ».
E fannu goɗɗo oo, eɓe naamnii A.A. hol ko saabii ina halfina sosiyeteeji biyeteeɗi SONIMEX e ENER golle ɗe njeyanooka e golle mum en haa ko eɗum saaboo jangol majji (faillite)… Naamnal battindiingal ngal ɓe kuccinnoo he makko ko yiɗde anndude hol ko haɗi mo yoɓde faktiraaji makko ndiyam e kuuraa wonande galleeji ɗi o jeyani hoore makko, kañum e sosiyeteeji makko (kaalis mum hiisetee ko miliyoŋaaji).
E raɓɓiɗde haala, wiyde ina naamnidoo A.A. jawdi ndi dirtini he nder duuɓi sappo ɗi laamii ɗii, wayi ko no “ dawrude weccude geeƴ ”, kono tan kadi, nganndon ko goomu suɓtii e naamne kala fawii ko e jiyndiral e Mawɓe hilifaaɓe tato (Peremiyee ministere en) ɗi o ardinnoo gowornamaaji makko, jiidaani e hilifaaɓe kam e ardinanooɓe (direkteeruuji) himmuɓe kalfinanooɗi golle maantinɗe. Kamɓe fof ɓe njaabtii he nder losko ɓe loskaa ngoo, ko kala “ko ɓe mbaɗnoo heen, ko he dow yamiroore A.A.”
Ko ñalnde jeenay nduuɗoo lewru mee Goomu nguu fotnoo jooɗodaade he makko, naamnoo mo ko feewti he ko o takkaa koo, kono o jaɓaani nootaade noddaango ngoo, heddanii Goomu nguu ko yettinoyde Suudu Sarɗiiji leydi ndii njooɗotongu ñalnde 27 lewru nduu pillitol mum loowngol njeñtudi losko ngo. Ko caggal ɗuum Suudu Sarɗiiji foti sakkude feere no jokkiri haala kaa, maa wonii yettina ɗum sariya, ndeen noon ɗum ɗaɓɓi ko sosde Ñaawirde Toownde taƴnde hattan ñaawde Hooreeɓe leydi so tawii kay ko tuumaa koo tolninaa ko he « jamfa dowrowo ». Ndeen noon, so o noddaama, o arat walla o addoyee. So wonaa ɗuum, haala kaa usree, darnde A.A. e oo sahaa hooliri ko o faayaani, ɗum firti ma a taw o yiɗi hollirde ko « kala ko wari haako maayda heen ». Beeli njowii ko he Ghaswaani !
Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop


text:
Ko addani laana Fuuta sinkude?
Fuuta ko leydi kaarndi golwole e ñalaaɗe, so daarti laamuuji deggondirɗi limtilimtinɗi. Fuuta ko wertaango ɗisiingo e lobbundu goowaaɗi. Ko leppol ñootondirngol ɗee leyɗe ɗe nooneeji keewɗi, ɗe kerƴam ceertuɗam.
Wonaa siimtude daartol mayri, walla hollirde keedgol mayri noddir-mi on. Alaa, ko jubbude tan huunde e nguurndam mayri. Woni sooynannde ndee ko hol ɗo janngo weetata ? Mi joofoto tan sabu nel-mi ko hakkilanteeɓe.
No heewi woorude nih, Fuuta ne mahii neesu dow ŋoral maayo. Neesu njaajngu, ndenndinngu ñeeñe ceertuɗe (gila e heblo kabirɗe haa e seho ciŋkirɗe, njimri e gaaci, ngamri e ñeeñal daarti), diine ekn…
Sahaa fof noon e sato yahdungo heen. Karallaagal adatoo fof ko nootaade eewni ŋakkere, ñeeñal ŋaaña hakkille ŋatoowo, tafam jibina kuuje naftorɗe.
Ko Fuuta ɓamti e ñeeñe e karallaagal (hono no won nokkuuje goɗɗe nih) ina heddii haa hannde. Limten heen mbayla, ɗaho, cañu, lawo, so haalde tan huunde e senngooji karallaagal memtindiingal ngal. Ɗum nafiino hanki sanne ! Haa sikkaa wonnde laana Fuuta feeroto maaje kala, rewnoo baanaaje dow leppi diƴƴe belɗe e kaaɗɗe.
Kono ɓooyaani, laana Fuuta sinkii !
Karallaagal ko njogitaari renndo, renndo fof ɓurngo jogitaade, ɓura reenteede e heɗteede. Kono karallaagal nafata ko nde ngal hattani ñawndude ngoƴaaji renndo ɓurɗi saɗtude.
Sinkini laana Fuuta ko hoyirde haa fakiti teddeendi pawaandi e mum ndii. Laana naywu etee hesɗitinaaka, gaa ɗo dimngal ɓeeydii doolnude.
Hannde so en ƴettii karalle gaadoraaɗe e Fuuta ɗee kala, gila e mbayla haa e ɗaho, cañu haa e lawo, e ko yawti ɗoon. Kuccinen heen ngoƴaaji Fuuta, teeŋti e ñamri; ɗee karallaaje limtaaɗe so ndentii, alaa ko ɗe mbaawani saɗeende ñamri ndee. Etee leydi na woodi dow ŋore, diƴƴe na keewti nehaande maayo hay so toɓo na aayii.
Ngati ɗee karalleeje mbaawaa hay ƴeeŋtinnde ndiyam njonɗam ! Ɗe kattani tan ko tafde jalo, njinndaagu e baagal, etee ɗeen kaɓirɗe ko kuuñɗuɗe e caasam (yakawere) kam e tumaaji, ɗoon ɗo kuutoriiɗo masiŋ gasnata gese keewɗe e ñalawma tawa tampere heewaani. Oon saanga tawa hakkillaaji ina ngolla goɗɗum. Kiwal e coñal kaalaaka.
So en ƴettii saɗeende eggudu, walla dirtal. Karalleeje goowaaɗe limtaaɗe ɗee kala so ndentii kattanaani heblude dirtirgal cembungal, baawngal egginnde ko yoni nder yolnde yonnde, e tuma daɓɓo. Wonaa ndeegoowa mum, wonaa hayoowa mum, wonaa ndiwoowa mum. Hol noon no njeeygu ɓamtortoo tawa eggudu sellaani ? Hol no wiɗto ɓamtortoo tawa ɗanle koybitaani ? Hol no renndo sifortee so ŋakkaama geɗe diiñorɗe kisal nguurndam mum ?
Gooto kala noon so ñaamii njiggaandi haa o haarii, o yartiima cippaɗam haa o ɗomɗitii, so o lootoriima soodaande haa o laaɓii, o uriima ñenngaaki haa o uurii, ne waawi daraade e renndo, teɗɗinoo, wiya ko Fuuta tan anndi, ko Fulɓe tan njogii, ko kam en tan pini.
Mi añaani ɗum, njiɗ-mi tan ko Fulɓe yo pin, ko ɗum nih addani mi haalde kaa. Kono wonaa ngool teɗɗinagol rokkata fulɓe ɓural, alaa ! Ngol jalnii, ngol yurminii.
Puuyndam heewii ! Ko seeɓnoo hanki, muddiɗii hannde, kono muddo tinaani.
Ko yooɗnoo hanki, soofii hannde, ko yonnoo hanki toŋii hannde. Ngaameela hodiima pinal.
Nde renndo ɓurata ko maa rewɓe e worɓe seeɓɓe, hatanteeɓe, ŋelɓe, ndoondoo golle tiiɗɗe, keshesiwe ɗe jeñte ŋeemitiiɗe ummoriiɗe reende hannde maggo e heblude janngo mum.
Ngaal katantaagal jaadungal e yarlitaare ko gollal ɓurngal toowde nder senngo ngenndiyankaagal.
Jaŋde yontii ko ɓooyi, ngabbo-ɗen heen. Mi wiyaani noon yo en mbakko sakkosaaji, ɗisen kuɗi, piyen baraayee, eɗen moddina konngi nder jeddondiral ngal alaa hoore, alaa laaci. Mbiy-mi ko yo en njanngu tigi-rigi, ngudditen hakkilaaji, ceeɓnen jiyle, paamen hay ko faamotaako.
Pullo Gaynaako


text:
Yoga e caɗeele binndol Pulaar he informatik ñawndaama ko ɓooyi, haa teeŋti nde denndaangal maaɗe binndirɗe Pulaar/Fulfulde naati he Alluwal Unicode he kitaale 2000. Waɗi en wiyde yoga he caɗeele, ko ine heddinoo yuɓɓo ngo Pulaar dañanaano tawo tappirde. Paamondiren : Unicode kañum ina yaha he yuɓɓooji ɗii kala : Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android, iOS, ekn. Kono ko huunde e yuɓɓooji ɓurɗi waawde huutoreede ɗii tan njogananoo kuutorɗe newnooje binndugol (haa teeŋti e Tappirɗe), ko wayi no Windows, e Android. Yuɓɓooji Apple (Mac Os, e iOS) njoganooka tappirɗe he Pulaar. Ɗuum waɗi huutortooɓe ordinateeruuji biyeteeɗi macintosh (ɗi yuɓɓo Mac Os), walla telefonaaji biyeteeɗi iPhone (Aayfon) ine ngondunoo e caɗeele, tee ceeraani e woytaade ngalaa ko binndiri Pulaar. Kabaaru belɗo oo, ko yo ɓe mbelto sibu ɓe ndañanaama tappirde gila he darorɗe hitaande ngon-ɗen ndee. Tappirde ndee wiyetee ko Bindirgal. Nde tawnoo yuɓɓo Apple ko uddiingo, wonaa neɗɗo kala, walla karallo fof waawi naatde he maggo haa golloo ko yiɗi koo. Jooni kam, Alla e Baabayel Baro (Ɓoggeenaajo gonɗo hannde to Wasington, Amerik) kala kuutortooɗo iPhone, walla iPad dañii ko winndiri Pulaar he sifaa newiiɗo.
Ɗum noon, kala jiɗɗo aafde bindirgal (tappirde ndee) he iPhone, wamma iPad mum, ina waawi yahde ɗooyene, caggal ɗum tuugnoo e ginol garowol les ngol ngam yuɓɓinta tappirde ndee he kuutorgal mum.
Bindirgal woni TAPPIRDE Pulaar wajjere taweteende he App Store, newnoore binndol Pulaar. Ɗumɗoo noon maa newnu kuutoragol laylayti baaɗi no Facebook, Twitter, Viber, Messenger, iChat, e goɗɗi keewɗi ɗo won ɓeen haalooɓe Fulfulde walla Pulaar ngalaano geɗal no feewi. Bindirgal Pulaar ñawndii ndeen saɗeende. Binndirgal ine waɗi kadi huunde he hitooji gaddanooji mo haalataano ɗemngal ngal woowtude gowlugol Pulaar. Bindirgal kadi, ko tappirde yaawnde no feewi.
Hol no BINDIRGAL awtortee, aafretee ?
Go’o : Yah to App Store mo Apple.
ƊIƊI : Dobo he ƴuulde Njiylawu.
TATI : Winndu « Bindirgal » he eeɓol njiylawu hee, ndobo-ɗaa he ƴuulde Yiylo.
NAY : Awto « Bindirgal » tawa aɗa dobiroo he ruulde hee he dow laañal junnitiingal ngal. Tesko : So a meeɗaano awtaade « Bindirgal », aɗa waawi yiyde ƴuulde « GET» yeeso maggal.
JOY : Dobo he Uddit ngam udditde Bindirgal. Aɗa waawi caggal ɗuum uddude App Store, ɓennaa he daawal dewngal heen ngal.
JEEGOM : Dobo he Bindirgal Pulaar ngam udditde ɗum.
JEEƊIƊI : Ɗumɗoo ko hello jaɓɓorgo jaaɓngal ngal. Aɗa waawi heɗaade gowlugol huunde e kelme Pulaar. Aɗa tawa kadi he ngoo hello ɗowirgel puɗɗorgel golle newingel kollowel no jaaɓnirgal ngal aafirtee. Uddu jaaɓnirgal ngal so a timminii ƴeewndaade. Ɓennu he daawal dewngal heen ngam fuɗɗaade aafde Bindirgal.
JEETATI : Uddit Teelte (Paramètres) jaaɓnirgal ngal.
JEENAY : Dobo he Kuuɓal (Général).
SAPPO : Dobo he Tappirde (Clavier).
SAPPO e GO’O : Dobo he Tappirɗe (Claviers).
SAPPO e ƊIƊI : Dobo he «Ɓeydu tappirde hesere…»
SAPPO e TATI : Suɓo «Bindirgal Pulaar».
SAPPO e NAYI : E hello rewngo heen maa a yiy «Bindirgal Pulaar Keyboard – Bindirgal Pulaar». Ɗuum ine hollita a aafii Tappirde ndee haa feewi. Uddu Teelte jaaɓnirgal ngal.
SAPPO e JOYI : Uddit jaaɓnirgal Ciftingol ngam hoolkisaade tappirde ndee. Aɗa waawi udditde jaaɓngal njiɗ-ɗaa (Word walla goɗɗum)
SAPPO e JEEGOM : Dobo he «+» ngam softinde tappirde ndee. Dobo caggal ɗuum he faandu hee ngam suɓaade tappirde woɗnde.
SAPPO e JEEƊIƊI : Suɓo «Bindirgal Pulaar Keyboard».
SAPPO e JEETATI : Hankadi a parii winndirde Pulaar. A weltanaama !


text:
Ɗerol Pol ɗiɗaɓol yahde he himɓe
Korintu
Habaru dow ɗerol ngool
Pol, lilaaɗo Iisa *Almasiihu, gaɗa ko winndunoo ɗerol aranol gom yahde he goonɗinɓe Iisa *Almasiihu wonɓe Korintu e Akaya, winndi ɗerol ɗiɗaɓol ngool yahde he maɓɓe kaden. Daliila binndol maggol woni tabbintinande ɓe ko omo horsini ɓe, faa hannden duu o accaay wattude daane he maɓɓe ngam ɓe laatoo higiraaɓe Alla. O winndanii ɓe ngol ngam laaɓinde hoore makko he haalaaji mettuɗi, ɗi jannginooɓe fewreeɓe ngoni no mbi'a dow makko.
Nder maggol, o ƴami ɓe kawra balla goonɗinɓe wonɓe *Ursaliima.
Ko winndaa nder ɗerol ngool :
Cannooje e yettoore Alla pewnoowo ɓerɗe (1.1-11)
Pol e goonɗinɓe wonɓe Korintu (1.12–7.16)
Filla balla goonɗinɓe wonɓe Ursaliima (8.1–9.15)
Njaabaaki Pol yahde he jannginooɓe fewreeɓe (10.1–12.21)
Baynodirol (13.1-13)
1
Cannooje
1 Miin Pol, mo Alla suɓii waɗi lilaaɗo Iisa *Almasiihu e banndii'en Timote, minen mbinndani on ɗerol ngool, onon hawriine goonɗinɓe Iisa *Almasiihu wonnde huɓeere Korintu. Miɗen njewta on, onon seniiɓe Korintu he leydi Akaya. 2 Alla *Baaba meeɗen he Iisa *Almasiihu Joomiraawo meeɗen hokku on jam e moƴƴere.
Yettoore Alla pewnoowo ɓerɗe
3 Jettooje ngoodani Alla, *Baaba Iisa *Almasiihu Joomiraawo meeɗen. Alla *Baabiraawo jom yurmeene mawne, pewnoowo ɓerne nder torra fuu, 4 no fewna ɓerɗe meeɗen nder iri torra fuu, heɓa enen duu ngatten pewnol ɓerne makko ngool, pewnen ɓerɗe wonɓe nder iri torra kaa hennon fuu. 5 Hano no njarirɗen ir torraaji *Almasiihu faa hanaa seɗɗa, hano non duu *Almasiihu fewnirta ɓerɗe meeɗen faa hanaa seɗɗa. 6 Miɗen nder njarki torra, miɗen nder makki ngam ki laatoo huune fewnoore ɓerɗe mooɗon. Wooɗi duu, ki laatoo laawol kisinam mooɗon. Ɓerɗe amin no pewnee ngam minen duu, min pewna ɓerɗe mooɗon faa onon duu keɓon munyal, munyon iri torraaji ɗi minen he ko'e amin, min torraa. 7 Fakat miɗen anndi ko hano no ngonɗon oɗon njarira torra iri ka min njarunoo, hano non duu ɓerɗe mooɗon pewnirtee no ɓerɗe amin pewniraa.
8 Banndiraaɓe nde goonga, min ngiɗaa keppon anndude ir torra ka min njari nder leydi Asiya. Torra keewtiika min kaan no satti sanne faa min ittiino tammude fuu he mbuurnam. 9 Min nanii nder ɓerɗe amin, hano kiite maayde min taƴanaa. Min taƴanaaka duu kiite maayde fuu. Ɗum waɗi, ngam hollude to min njowu tammude amin dow tittinkinaaku amin, amma min njowa nde dow Alla ummintinoowo maayɓe. 10 Alla hisini min maayde bonde ndee, o tinnotoo duu omo hisina min. Dow makko duu min njowi tammude kisinol amin. 11 Onon duu mballiree min du'aa'u. Nde nii himɓe heewɓe du'anake min faa Alla jaabake du'aa'uuji maɓɓe, nii he banndum waɗata himɓe heewɓe njetta Alla daliila amin.
Ko haɗi Pol fantude Korintu
12 Ndaa ko watta miɗen piya gabaare woni ɓerɗe amin no ceedanoo min ko min mbuurdi goongaaku he laaɓal hakkune mooɗon, he hakkune himɓe fuu. Miɗo wi'a ko min ngaɗii ɗum nder goonga ƴuwɗo to Alla. Nder jonnde amin, min njooɗoraaki anndal amin, amma moƴƴere Alla, kam walli min. 13-14 Miɗen mbinndana on ko mbaawton njanngude e ko mbaawton faamude. No woodi goɗɗum ko paamuɗon seɗɗa nder mum. Amma miɗo miila ko on paamowan ɗum, ɗum fuu. Huune ndee woni ko on piirowan min gabaare hano no minen duu min piirirta on gabaare nyannde fuu Iisa Joomiraawo meeɗen warti.
15-16 Mi tabbintini ko on piirowan min gabaare, waɗi miɗo hiɗi artirde on. Nde mi ummake to mooɗon, mi yaha Makedoniya. Nde nii mi soƴƴowake sey mi fanta on ngam hokkude on laawol heɓude bakaaji ɗiɗɗiɗi, he ngam heɓude ko wallata kam yahde leydi Yahudiya. 17 He giiɗe mooɗon, oɗon miila ko mi waɗi siri oo nder rafi anndude ko ngonmi miɗo waɗa naa ? Naa oɗon miila ko siri oo, ɓerɗe ɗiɗi ngaɗirmoomi, mi wi'a : « Ayyo », nden mi sakitoo mi wi'a : « Aa'a » hano no ɓiɓɓe aadama mboowri ? 18 Alla no seedi ko haala amin hanaa filla « Ayyo » naa « Aa'a ». 19 Ngam Iisa *Almasiihu, *Ɓii-Alla mo, miin Pol, Silas e Timote mbaajii dow mum oon, hanaa neɗɗo bi'oowo « Ayyo », nden sakito wi'a « Aa'a ». Iisa *Almasiihu ko wi'i fuu kam laatii. 20 Har makko Alla humni alkawal mo waɗi fuu. Ngam majjum waɗi, eɗen mbi'a : « Aamiin » daliila makko, Alla teddinee. 21 Alla tabbintinta ko minen he mooɗon, en fuu eɗen nder kawtal *Almasiihu. Kanko duu wartiri en feere ngam Iisa *Almasiihu. 22 Alla waɗi alaama mum dow meeɗen, alaama kolloowo ko kam jeyii en. O watti *Ruuhu makko nder ɓerɗe meeɗen ngam tabbintinande en ko o waɗoyta yeeso.
23 Alla woni seede am, nde nii mi feni. Nde goonga, mi hiɗaa fantude Korintu ngam mi hiɗaa bonnude ɓerɗe mooɗon. 24 Hanaa miɗen ngiɗi min kolla on laamu non nder goonɗinol mooɗon. Aa'a, miɗen anndi ko oɗon tittinkini nder goonɗinol mooɗon. Min ngiɗaana nii wallude on ngam weltaare mooɗon.


text:
Home -- Fulfulde -- Perform a PLAY -- 064 (On the run)
64. Fii dogudu ndun
Hino labaa fii ko wonuɗaa kon e heɗitagol e oo saa’i ɗoo! Hara julderee Mauluudu fii jibineede annabi Iisaa nden feýýii e jam?
Yimåe buy e hen fow e nder aduna on no waɗude juldeere fii jibinannde annabi Iisaa nden, hiåe weltii fii ko annabi Iisaa Lanɗo poomayankeejo on jibinaa kon.
Kono hino woodi mo weltanooki e on saa’i, heåii nii duuåi 2000. Ɗun ko oo lanɗo wi’eteeɗo Heroodu. Hari himo huli fii jullere makko laamu nden. Ko ɗun waɗi si himo faalaa warude Iisaa paykun kun fewndo ko o naniri jom gande’en ko honto kun paykun woni.
Kono åen gom gande’en åe yiltitanooki Yerusalaam. Ko fii Alla andino åe e nder koyɗol yo åe waɗu huunde goo.
Alla daali : "Hita on yiltoo ka Heroodu. Nde hiɗon hoota ka leydi mon, rewtee e laawol goo."
Ko ɗun tigi woni ko åe waɗi. On mo no anndi annabi Iisaa tigi, o ɗoftoto mo e hoore anniye. Åe yiltorii ka maååe laawol goo. E hin-le non, bone on iwaali.
Awa Alla daalani Yuusufu e koyɗol ko o haani kon waɗude.
Alla daali : "Immo, ýettaa paykun e yumma mun, dogaa yahaa Misira, wonaa ton haa nde mi wi’i yo a artu woo; ko fii Heroodu ɗaååitoyay kun fii warugol kun!"
Yuusufu no yiɗunoo Alla e himo ɗoftaade Alla hara o nenɗaaki.
Hara hiɗa ɗoftaade Alla an kadi nde o yamir maa yo a waɗu goɗɗun?
Tumbere jemma, Yuusufu immii, o dogi Misira wondude e Mariyama e Iisaa paykun kun. Ka haanunoo ɗon sabu Heroodu faamuno wondema gandiɗuåe åen yiltitaaki ka makko. E nder tikkere, o yamiri yamiroore hulåiniinde.
Heroodu : "Waree fayåe åe heåaali åen fow duuåi ɗiɗi. Nden yamiroore no haanaa huuweede kisan ka saare Baytilahiimi e takko nokkuure nden fow."
Hara Heroodu ko feetuɗo? O wullinii yimåe buy e fee yamiroore makko nden.
Kono o yiitaali Iisaa paykun kun. O waawataano waɗugol mo ko boni.
Åay annabi Iisaa heåii fayda duuåi tati, hawrondiri Heroodu lanɗo on maayii. Malaa’ikaajo on wi’i Yuusufu e koyɗol.
Alla daali : "Immo, ýetaa paykun kun e yumma mun, yiltoɗaa leydi Israa’iila ko fii faalanooåe warude paykun kun åen maayii!"
Alla yewtataano Yuusufu laabi ɗiɗi. Yuusufu no hoolii ko Alla daali kon, himo ɗoftaade mo. O yiltodi e Mariyama e paykun kun ka maååe.
Ko ka leydi Israa’iila, e kun ca’un wi’eteekun Naasirata woni ko annabi Iisaa mawni, wano Alla hiitornoo ɗun non e annabaaåe åen.
Yewtooåe : Fillitotooɗo, Hawa Alla kan, Heroodu
© Copyright : CEF Allemagne


text:
Ko ɓuri anndeede e nder ganndal koode ko nokku ɗo njeyaɗen ender aduna o. O nokku ɗo njeyaɗen ɗo, wiyetee ko Satonaange.
Hol ko woni Satonaange?
Naange ko hoodere ɓurnde fof ɓadaade en, ɓurnde fof ɓadtade leydi. Ko kayre hokkata nguleeki kuule catiiɗe nge ɗe.
Ko ɓuri anndeede e nder ganndal koode ko nokku ɗo njeyaɗen ender aduna o. O nokku ɗo njeyaɗen ɗo, wiyetee ko Satonaange.
Hol ko woni Satonaange?
Naange ko hoodere ɓurnde fof ɓadaade en, ɓurnde fof ɓadtade leydi. Ko kayre hokkata nguleeki kuule catiiɗe nge ɗe.
Satonaange, ko deental tagooje bayɗe no annama leydi nii, taarotooɗe naange. Ɗoo kadi eɗen poti faamnude yimɓe yoga e konnguɗi ɗi njogorɗen huutoraade. Heen konngol wiyetee ko "tagofeere": tagofeere (wiyetee e ɗemɗe tuubakooɓe ko "planet"), ko tagoodi Alla mbaydi no leydi nii, walla no lewru nii. Eɗum waawi ɓurde walla fotde walla jaasde leydi mawnude. Ɗum woniri e weeyo ko no leydi walla naange walla lewru ngoniri e weeyo ni. Leydi e hoore mum ko tagofeere. Tagopeeje goɗɗe ena ngoodi e aduna he, hay so Banii Aadama en njiyaaka toon tawo. Tagopeeje ɗe noon, tuubakooɓe ena njoginii ɗum en inɗe; ko ɗum waɗi, tawde en ngalanaa ɗum en inɗe, mbaawaten tan ko huutoraade inɗe ɗe. Ko leydi tan njogini-ɗen innde, mbiy-ɗen ɗum e pulaar (mbiyɗen ɗum e Fulfulde) "LEYDI". Tagopeeje banngotooɗe walla taarotooɗe naange nge ko ɗe ko 9: – tagofeereMEERKUUR, tagofeere WENUS, tagofeere LEYDI, (ndi nguur-ɗen e dow mum ndi), tagofeere MAARS, tagofeere SUPITEER, tagfeere SATUURNA, tagofeere URAANUS, tagofeere NEPTUUN e tagofeere PULUTON. Tagofeere fof ena jogii bolol mum ngol taardotoo Naange men nge.
Puɗɗorto-ɗen noon ko tagofeere ɓurnde ɓadtaade naange nge, payen to tagofeere ɓurnde woɗɗude nde.
Jooni noon ƴewen ngoɗɗeeki hakkunde tagopeeje ɗe e naange nge, caggal ɗum ƴeewen hol no ɗe mbaydi e mawneeki, caggal ɗum kadi ƴeewen njuuteeki ñalawmaaji e kitaale e dow majje.
A) Ngoɗɗeeki hakkunde tagopeeje ɗe e naange :
hakkunde Meerkuur e Naange ko kiloomeeteruuji 57910000
hakkunde Wenus e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 108210000
hakkunde leydi e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 149600000
hakkunde Maars e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 227940000
hakkunde Supiteer e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 778340000
hakkunde Satuurna e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 1427200000,
hakkunde Uraanus e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 2.869300000
hakkunde Neptuun e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 4498500000
hakkunde Puluton e naange ko Kiloomeeteruuji 5900000000
(Kilomeeteer ko meeteruuji ujunere, walla ujunnaje ɗiɗi diraa, tawde keew-ɗen wiyde enen fulɓe meeteer ko diraaji ɗiɗi; tawde kadi wonaa diraa tiggu, kono ko diraa kellifaaɗo timmuɗo).
B) Mawneeki tagopeeje.
Tawi ko fayti e mawneeki, walla mawngu, e nder satonaange ɓuri heen fof mawnude ko naange. Kono naange wonaa tagofeere, ko hoodere! Ma en ngartoy heen so Alla jaɓii.
Ɓuri fof mawnude e nder tagopeeje 9 ɗe, ko tagofeere Supiteer, refti heen ko Satuurna, rewi heen Neptuun, rewi heen Uraanus, rewi heen noon ko Leydi ndi nguur-ɗen e dow mum ndi, rewi heen Wenus, rewi heen Maars, rewi heen Puluton, refti heen noon ko tagofeere ɓurnde fof famɗude, wiyeteende Meerkuur. Meerkuur kadi ɓuri fof ɓadtaade naange. Ko tagopeeje ɗiɗi keedti leydi e naange : tagofeere Wenus e tagofeere Meerkuur.
Ɗee nate kollata ko jerondiral hakkunde tagopeeje : e ngal holla hol no Supiteer (walla Jupiteer) ɓurdi tagopeeje goɗɗe ɗe.
E nder sato naange ɓuri nde mawnude tan ko naange, kono naange wonaa tagofeere, ko hoodere. Tagopeeje 8 satonannge godde ɗe fof, so ndenndinaama mbaɗaama tagofeere wootere, tagofeere Supiteer ɓuri ɗum. Supiteer ne, so renndinaama e tagopeeje 8 goɗɗe ɗe mbaɗaama tagofeere wootere, Naange ɓuri ɗum ɗo woɗɗi.
Winndannde aroore: Njuuteeki ñalawmaaji e dow tagopeeje.
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Hol Umar Abdalla Wele ?
Umar Abdalla Wele, jibinaa ko 1954 to Jowol. Omo anndiraa "Baaba Loocol" (e nder galle maɓɓe), omo wiyee kadi "Barme e Kuundal" to wuro maɓɓe Jowol ɗo. Duɗal makko gadanal ko ɗoon o janngi. O janngii kadi to Kayhayɗi haa o danyi "berwe" e hitaande 1972. O heɓi bakkaa makko (BAC ‘C’ (ko fayti e hiiso) ko 1975. O neldaa Riisi ngam heɓde toon karallagal ko fayti e ganndal weeyo "aasinyoor" (1975-1981), ko fayti e "arditaare" ("Prévision). O wonii mawno metewo e hitaande 1988 to Nuwasoot ɗo. O wonii mawɗo Joorde metewo to boowol laaɗe diwooje Nuwasoot (1988-1992). O liggiima e jooɗorɗe metewo e boowe laaɗe diwooje : Caad (1992-1995), Santarafrik (1995-1997), Burkina (1997-2008).
Ko fayti e defte ɗe o winndi e Pulaar ko ɗeeɗoo : Ganndal weeyo (leydi), Ganndal koode, Deftel jime, Macungaangu. Ko fayti e Farayse, ko ɗeeɗoo defte o winndi : "Ce que je pense" (miijo makko), "Prévoir le temps pour sauver la vie" (Anndinnde ko arata ngam sowde pittaali), "le temps et la santé" (dumunnaaji e cellal aadee), "le réchauffement" (nguleeki weeyaango aduna), "A propos de la Mauritanie" (ko fayti e Murtani e kitaale caɗeele (1986-1991). (Ɗe defte fof ko baɗtateeɗe e fulfulde). O waɗɗiino jeewte e Rajo Muritani ko fayti Gannde Weeyo e Koode, ko fayti kadi e jime (e gonndigal Alhajji smakkomba Sih e Aliw Siree Bah, saaktooɓe kabaruuji). Jooni o gollotoo ko to Jooɗorde ASECNA mawnde to Ndakaaru (Senegaal).