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Eɗen nganndunoo lewru yowitii ko e leydi, ɗum firti ndu rewi ko e leydi, e ndu taaroo ɗum. Kono ko bannge gooto tan wonɓe e leydi men ndii njiyata e lewru : finnde mum, ko gooto e men kala won natal yiyata e lewru, ngal waylotaako.
Eɗen nganndunoo lewru yowitii ko e leydi, ɗum firti ndu rewi ko e leydi, e ndu taaroo ɗum. Kono ko bannge gooto tan wonɓe e leydi men ndii njiyata e lewru : finnde mum, ko gooto e men kala won natal yiyata e lewru, ngal waylotaako.
Miin njiyat-mi ko « neɗɗo ina waɗɗii puccu »… woɗɓe goɗɗum njiyata heen. Heen bannge e lewru, bannge dumtiiɗo en oo, ina humpunoo en, ina humpunoo annduɓe. Oon kumpa iwii hankadi, sibu NASA fotii oon bannge. Nate makko ɗe NASA yolli e internet ñalnde alarba 5 ut 2015, ƴetti ɗum en ko satelit biyeteeɗo DSCOVR (Deep Space Climate Observatory). Ina hollitaa heen lewru ina rewi sara Leydi ñalnde 16 sulyee 2015. Hakkunde men e oon satelit ƴettuɗo nate oo, ko 1,5 miliyoŋ kiloomeeteer. Satelit oo fotii leydi e lewru fotde waktuuji 5 deggondirɗi. To o woni too, o waawii filmude bannge lewru birniiɗo en oo. Satelit Riisi biyeteeɗo Luna 3 fotiino bannge lewru birniiɗo oo e lewru oktoobar 1959.


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Hono no o heewnoo waɗde hitaande kala, hooreejo leydi ndii, Muhammed Abdel Asiis, waɗii yeewtere mawnde, yaltinaande e tele e rajo, ngam mawninde ñalnde fiilanoo hooreejo leydi, so 6 ut 2009. Eɗen ciftina tan o heɓtunoo laamu kadi ko ñalnde 6 ut 2008. E nder ndeen yeewtere, o heɓii hollitde ko o gollii gila ndeen, jaaynooɓe kadi njettinii mo naamne mum en, o jaabtii ɗe, woodi kadi rokkaaɓe konngol kaali miijooji mum en.
Hono no o heewnoo waɗde hitaande kala, hooreejo leydi ndii, Muhammed Abdel Asiis, waɗii yeewtere mawnde, yaltinaande e tele e rajo, ngam mawninde ñalnde fiilanoo hooreejo leydi, so 6 ut 2009. Eɗen ciftina tan o heɓtunoo laamu kadi ko ñalnde 6 ut 2008. E nder ndeen yeewtere, o heɓii hollitde ko o gollii gila ndeen, jaaynooɓe kadi njettinii mo naamne mum en, o jaabtii ɗe, woodi kadi rokkaaɓe konngol kaali miijooji mum en.
Ngalɗoo pottital noon hebli ɗum tigi rigi ko parti laamu nguu, hono UPR. Ko ɗum tagi, denndaangal jagge laamu nguu (hilifaaɓe, Hoolaaɓe kuuɓe, ardiiɓe …), walla denndaangal yiɗɓe mawɗo oo seedoo « ngarii », alaa heen luutaaɗo kewu oo. Ko ɗum nii tagi, so a ƴeewii yimɓe tawtoraaɓe ɓee ina njooɗii, cikkataa ko Nuwaasoot ngon-ɗaa, a waawaa goongɗinde ko Attaar hooreejo leydi ndii suɓii haaldoyde e yimɓe leydi ndii. Kadi, hay gooto anndaa so tawii ko yeewtere jaaynde, walla so mitiŋ walla so tawii ko dental foɓɓungo…
Mi anndaa so on njeeɓii ɗum e tele Muritani, kono hiirde ndee fuɗɗorii ko jiiɓru mawndu. Persidaa men, garɗo « haaldude e ɓesngu », addori ko ordinateer. O woni e yiilde doombel ngel, limooje ina pilta, nate ina njirloo. Ko ɓuri raɓɓiɗde koo, o wiyi « njoɗɗini-mi ɗoo, ko woote ɗe ngalaa guli. 70% walla ko ɓuri ɗuum e nder tuugnorgal am siynaama, e wiyde juɓɓule adunankooje. Jamminooje faggudu men fof ina ɗelka : yo won ƴellitaare faggudu men, yo won kaalis men, yo won PIB ». « Eɗen moofti 52 miliyaar, en ngalaa ñamaande ». « 107 miliyaar njaltinaama ngam haɓde e baasal. Nanondiral awo mbaɗdu-ɗen e Orop ngal maa jibinan en 113 miliyoŋ oroo. » E wiyde hooreejo leydi ndii, « leydi ndii ɓeydiima heewde kuuraa : Nuwaasoot, joginoo ko 25 megaawat, hannde ina yenñtina 76 megaawat ; Nuwaadibu joginoo ko megaawatuuji 10, hannde ina jogii heen 32. »
E wiyde makko « ɓeydagol coodguuli ngol ko huunde huuɓtodinnde winndere ndee » ; « bonni jaŋde leydi ndii ko waasde ɗum yahdude e soklaaji men to bannge golle… Jaŋde faggudu e sariya (fannuuji coñce) alaa nafoore. »
Ɗum huunde e lonngere adannde ndee. Lonngere ɗiɗmere ndee joopii ko pooɗee nduuree hakkunde makko e luulndo politik ngoo. O wiyi : « Ko feere wootere woodi ngam yettaade laamu, ko woote tan ». « Muritani ko leydi demokaraasi ; ko demokaraasi keɓru-mi laamu ; Hay gooto mi rokkataa jappeere am ndee ; winndude e ɓale walla e leppi alaa mo ittata e laamu ; wullooɓe yo mi woppu laamu ɓee kala, ko kam en ngondunoo e laamu liɓaangu e 2005 nguu ; so woote njuɓɓinaama, hay fus ɓe keɓataa. » O wiyi « hay gooto fiyaaka ɗoo, hay gooto leptaaka ɗoo, yimɓe ina mbellitaa waɗde ko mbelaa, ko luulndo ngoo haalata koo woodaani… ».
Lonngere tataɓere ndee, ko haala Mali e bonanndeeji baɗnooɗi e leydi ndii kam e njiyaagu e hefeere libinaajo biyeteeɗo Senuusi. Abdel Asiis wiyi : « ko kewi Mali koo, ko huunde sooynanoonde, sibu Mali alaano konu. Caɗeele Muritani wondi ɗee tan njonii ɗum, ndi waawaa toppitaade caɗeele woɗɓe. Ñawndugol caɗeele Mali ina ɗaɓɓi dowla tiiɗɗo, mo Malinaaɓe kala keɓtini. Kala feere Afrik ƴetti ngam wallitde Mali heɓtude 65% ɗi waasi e leydi mum ɗii, maa Muritani jeye heen ». O wiyi kadi « bonanndeeji baɗnooɗi e leydi ndii kala cafraama rewrude e njuulu Kayhayɗi e ndaamordi ndokkaandi e dokkugol golle. Hafeere foksineeruuji diiwanooɗi ɗii noon, woni ko e ƴeeweede ». Wonande njiyaagu, o wiyi « ko ɗum huunde haɗaande, kono ko batte mum tan keddii, ɗeen ngoni baasal e majjere ». « Senusi noon ina jogodii e ñaawoore luural ; so ñaawoore seertii e makko, ma o tottite ɓe o foti tottiteede ɓee ».
- Jaabtawol luulndo e jaayɗe, e pelle renndo
Ñalnde altine 6 tan, jokkorde luulndo (COD), kam e ko ɓuri heewde e jaayɗe kollitii ko waɗaa Attaar koo, “wayi ko no fijo nii”. Won wiyɓe ina jaaki ɗum en mbele Abdel Asiis haaldatnoo ko e ɓesngu (woni ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe ɓee) walla tawii o haaldatnoo ko e juɓɓule adunakooje e yimɓe ɓe njeyaaka e leydi ndii. Waɗi ɓe wiyde noon, ko nguun ɓesngu faamataa limooje ɗe o rokki ɗee, gila e ɓeto kuuraa ngo o haali ngoo, haa e kaalis mo o wiyi oo, sibu, e oon sahaa gooto, coodguuli ko ko ɓeydotoo ñalnde kala, tee kuuraa e Nuwaasoot ko ko fuɗɗitii kuppiraaji mum.
Ɓe mbiyi so tawii ko e ɓesngu o haaldatnoo, o fotnoo haalde ko haala maaro e nebam e nguurndam jawdi ekn…
E yeewtere jokkorde luulndo ngoo yuɓɓinnoo ngoo ne, Ahmed wul Siidi Baaba wiyi « alaa ko Asiis wondi so wonaa yawaade ɓesngu Muritani, tee limooje ɗe o rokki ɗee fof ko fenaande, sibu ɓesngu nguu wuuri hannde ko e caɗeele mawɗe. To bannge bonnugol jawdi ne, Muritani hiisetee ko e leyɗe ɓurɗe heewde njeenaari ».
Muhammed wul Mawluud, hooreejo UFP hollitii wonde « wiyde ina yedda ko woodi, ko wuuraa, hay huunde firtaani. Ñanngeede Asiis e haala mum kaa boom ina ngoongɗini wonde caɗeele e iiñcuru politik mawndu ina woodi e leydi hee. Ina wayi no kadi, yooro hikka ngoo, wirtii laamu nguu, sibu alaa fof ko ngu waɗi ko maantini ngam wallitde yimɓe ɓee e jom en jawdi ɓee no kisniri e no ndanndiri jawɗeele mum en. Yanti heen, jeyeede ɓe e addanɓe Maali caɗeele, ina foti haɗde en ɗoyngol hannde ».
O wiyi kadi « so Abdel Asiis wiyii ina fawta ñawndugol caɗeele ɗee fof e juɓɓingol woote, ɗuum ko huunde faayniinde, sibu hay gooto hoolaaki mo to oon bannge ». Wul Bederdiin kam ne holliti ko kewu Attaar wonaa jokkondiral e ɓesngu, ko jokkondiral Asiis e yimɓe mum, sibu luulndo ngoo e jaayɗe ɗee noddaaka heen. O wiyi noon, so Abel Asiis wiyii wonde “tabitinii tuugnorgal mum hakke 70%, hoto yimɓe njeddu ɗum, sibu wonnoo tuugnorgal makko tan ko faggaade jawdi kanko tan gooto, rewrude e porlugol ngaluuji leydi ndii. Ɗum ɗoon noon, o tabitinii ɗuum tigi ».
So o wiyii kadi wonde ɓeydagol coodguuli ko huunde huftodinnde, ina wayi no ko o jejjitɗo, walla jejjikiniiɗo ɗuum ina jeyanoo e hujjaaji ɗi ɓe ndallinirnoo pollugol laamu Sidioca. Wiyde mo noon « laamu heɓrotoo tan ko woote » ma a taw ko “raɓɓiɗde miijo, sibu o heɓri laamu ko jamfa (kuudetaa) wonaa woote ».
So « wellitaare kadi ko ina woodi e leydi hee », gollotooɓe (ubriyeeji Aksuus e Nuwaadibu e Tasiast ekn kam e TPMN e IRA e COD nganndaa. “Kaa haala boom ina soofi e hunuko makko, sibu maayde Lamin Manngaan ko heccere tawo ».
E wiyde Fedde TPMN, « Lamin Manngaan waraama laawol goɗngol » sibu haala Abdel Asiis kaa alaa ko firti so wonaa « Lamin Manngaan dañi ko ko haandi », ko ɗum tagi ko jooni ɓe paamii « hol ko haɗi harkoyeeɓe ɓee faweede kuugal ». E wiyde fedde ndee, haala makko kaa « wonaa haala kellifaaɗo, haa teeŋti noon e mawɗo leydi », sibu ka wayi ko no « wellitde doole kisal leydi ndii waɗde ko mbelaa e ɓiɗɓe leydi ndii, haa teeŋti noon kadi so tawii ko ɓe ɓaleeɓe ».
Ko noon kadi COREMI, fedde renndinnde baayeeji e soofaaji loranooɗi e rewɓe hesniiɓe seppiri ñalnde 14 ut 2012 ngam hollitde mette e haala Abdel Asiis ɗo wiyata « hafeere bonanndeeji ñawndaama e tuugaade e peeje COVIRE sakkitnoo ». E wiyde Mammadu EL Huseyn Kan, hooreejo COVIRE keso oo, hafeere bonanndeeji « waawaa sellude tawi goonga anndaaka, ɗo nuunɗal waɗaaka, ɗo ñaawoore laaɓtunde waɗaaka ». Fedde nde ɗaɓɓii nde seneraal « Jah Aadama woɗɗintee oo doosiyee », nde « sariya yaafuya 1993 mumtatee, leeptooɓe ñaawee ».
Ko e ngoon yeeso kadi Fedde IRA yuɓɓini diiño damal kalifu ñaawoore ngam hollitde ko hooreejo leydi oo haali koo, so wiyde wonde njiyaagu ko huunde nde « won ɓeen kuutortoo ngam woodde to bannge politik » walla « E Muritani, woni jiyaaɗo tan ko jiɗɗo ɗum wonde ». E wiyde IRAA « takkude heedanooɓe jiyaaɓe huutoraade ɗum en, ina hollita wonde Abdel Asiis ko cemmbinoowo njiyaagu daɓɓiɗɗo miijo ».
Bookara Aamadu Bah

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Juulɗo, Abdul Ama, holi aan ? ko deftere luutiire nde jinnaaɗo men, Doktoor Umaar Bah mo Dabbe winndunoo, sankaare yani tawi nde joofaani. Ko ɗuum jeyi sabaabu ɓamtu-ɗen ndeeɗoo tiitoonde ngam suɗirde winndannde mem faytunde e nguurndam makko.
Eɗen njaafnoo banndiraaɓe noon sabu ngolɗoo ciimtol ena fotnoo yaltude gila e lewru feebariyee maayndu nduu, kono ko caɗeele caabinoo ɗum.
Juulɗo, Abdul Ama, holi aan ? ko deftere luutiire nde jinnaaɗo men, Doktoor Umaar Bah mo Dabbe winndunoo, sankaare yani tawi nde joofaani. Ko ɗuum jeyi sabaabu ɓamtu-ɗen ndeeɗoo tiitoonde ngam suɗirde winndannde mem faytunde e nguurndam makko.
Eɗen njaafnoo banndiraaɓe noon sabu ngolɗoo ciimtol ena fotnoo yaltude gila e lewru feebariyee maayndu nduu, kono ko caɗeele caabinoo ɗum.
Doktoor (Porfesoor) Umaar Bah ko Dabbenaajo. Dabbe woni ko e diiwaan Baraknaa e juumde Maayo Senegaal. E nder diiwanuuji Fuuta hanki, ngo askitintoo ko e diiwaan Yirlaaɓe bannge Muritani. Ngo takkii ko e wuro subalɓe wiyeteengo Mbaañ. Ngoon heedti ngo ko bannge funnaange ko ena fota wonde 500m. Seerndi gure ɗee ɗiɗi ko caaɗngol Mbaañ e pale ena mbiyee Ndañtaandi.
Doktoor Umaar Bah jibinaa ko e hitaande 1914, to Jaaba, laamorgo diiwaan Hebbiyaaɓe. Kono e kaayitaaji makko, waɗa heen, o jibinaa ko e hitaande 1917 to Mbaañ.
Ko ɗoon o nehii, o naati jaŋde alquraana. O janngii kadi alquraana e wuro Siwol e nder falnde Aañameeji Boosoya. O janngii kadi e Maatam, to diiwaan Ngenaar. Caggal ɗum, baaba makko arani mo, faytiri mo Salnde Tebegut, naatni mo e duɗal Farayse e hitaande 1926. O woni e Salnde Tebegut ko duuɓi ɗiɗi doŋ. E hitaande 1928, o ɓenninaa wuro Podoor. O janngi ɗoon kadi duuɓi tati, tawi haa hannde, ko kanko wonata gadano e kala kawgel ɓe mbaɗnoo. E hitaande 1931, ɓe mbaɗi kawgel ngam fayde to Duɗal Ɓiɓɓe Laamɓe (Ecole des Fils de Chefs) to wuro Ndar. Ɓe ngoni ɗoon kadi duuɓi tati, ɓe mbaɗi kawgel goɗngel e hitaande 1934 ngam ɓennude e duɗal goɗngal ɓurngal ngaal toowde. Alla hoddiraani o waɗa ngeel kawgel sabu woon tonngi. O waɗtoyi kawgel goɗngel paytungel e karallaagal ndema, e hitaande ndee wootere, o ari hoore. Nii woni, o faynaa Luga. Leelaani, sabu moƴƴugol makko hakkille e baawgol makko ɗemngal Farayse, kabaaru makko yanoyi e kumaandaŋ Luga. Oon sahaa, woni ɗoon ko kumaandaŋ tuubaak, biyeteeɗo Merkajee. Merkajee ɗaɓɓiri mo janngingol, o jaɓi, waɗi ɓataake, o ƴettaa jannginoowo.
Porfesoor adii jannginde ko e nder wuro Ndar to ekkol Duval. Oon sahaa, o ƴettiraa ko jannginoowo lesleso (moniteur). E hitande 1935 fayde hitaande 1936, o jannginii e wuro wiyeteengo Kupentum. Ko kanko ardinoo ngaal duɗal. O jannginii kadi e wuro wiyeteengo Tammbaa Soose, sara Tammbaa Kunndaa. O jannginii e nder diiwaan Kaasamaas e wuro wiyeteengo Jululu. E oon sahaa, tawi o wontii jannginoowo timmuɗo caggal nde o heɓi « berwe miniteer » e hitaande 1936 fayde 1937. Ko e diiwaan Kaasamaas, o waɗi kawgel ngam wontude golloowo e « posto ». To bannge posto, o golliima e ɗeeɗoo gure: Sigaasoor, kawlak e Kommbol. Ko e Kommbol, Umaar Bah anndiri e Mammadu Jah, gardinooɗo leydi Senegaal. Oon ne ko jannginoowo wonnoo e oon sahaa.
E hitaande 1938, o nanngi wirdu e juuɗe Alhajji Saydu Nuuru Taal. E hitaande 1938 ndee, haa hannde, e lewru jolal (noowammbar), o woppi kadi golle posto, o arti e janngingol. E hitaande 1939, o nawaa duɗal Fedeerba to Ndakaaru. E hitaande 1941, o toɗɗaa hooreejo duɗal Wookaam. E hitaande 1943, ñalnde 13 lewru feebariyee, o ari e Nuwaasot, laamorgo Muritani. Oon sahaa ko tuddunde konunkooɓe tan wonnoo ɗoon. Ko mawɗo men Umaar Bah woni siwil gollotooɗo, gadiiɗo e wuro Nuwaaasot. Kadi, ko ñalnde 13 lewru colte, o wirnaa e Nuwaasot. E hitaande 1945, o artiraa Ɓoggee to kumaandaŋ biyeteeɗo Laburus (Labrousse). Tuggude e hitaande 1951 haa e hitaande 1953, ko o nantinoowo (interprete) o wonnoo ɗo Ɓoggee ɗoo. E hitaande 1954, o nawaa Neema, toppitaade geɗe paytuɗe e ngalu. O wonii e ngooɗoo wuro potde lebbi nay, tuggude lewru siilo haa e lewru seeɗto. Caggal ɗuum, o arti e wuro Ayyun El Atruus, o waɗi ɗoon lewru wooturu, o nawaa kadi Rooso. O woni toon haa e hitaande 1955, o fayti Senegaal. E hitaande 1955, o waɗaa binndoowo njuɓɓudi laamu kuuɓtidinngu ( Rédacteur d’administration générale). E hitaande 1956, o yahi Lome, laamorgo dowla Togo, o naati e duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde. Ko ɗoon o dañi seedantaagal ko fayti e gannde renndo (sciences sociales).
E hitaande 1960 fayde e hitaande 1961, o naati duɗal jaŋde toownde wonande Afrik e Malgaas (Afrique et Malgache), ngal ɓe mbiyata C. H.E.A.M, ɗum woni: Centre de hautes études africaines et malgaches. Ko ɗoon o heɓi berwe jaŋde toownde ko fayti e njuɓɓudi laamu.
Tuggude e hitaande 1961 haa e hitaande 1962, ko o gardo gollo laamu (directeur de la Fonction Publique). Tuggude e hitaande 1962 haa e hitaande 1963, ko kanko woni jonaaɗo jooɗaniiɗo Muritani to Unesco. Tuggude 1963 fayde 1964, ko diisnondirɗo ambassadeur Muritani to dowla Farayse. Caggal ɗum, o arti kadi e leydi Muritani. Ndeen o artii e nder leydi hee, o ardinaa rajo Muritani. Kono o heɓaani siynude ɗeen golle.
Tuggude 1965 fayde 1967, ko kanko woni jiiloowo catal Muritani to IFAN e nder wuro Ndar. Tuggude 1967 fayde 1975, ko o biɗtoowo e nder duɗal IFAN ngal. Ko e ngalɗoo daawal, o hebli deftere makko joofnirde jaŋde toownde maa mbiyen to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Sorbon. O gasni golle deftere ndee ko e hitaande 1972.
E nder hitaande ndee wootere, caggal nde o arti Muritani, o waɗaa diisnondirɗo karallo (conseiller technique) to Duɗal Muritani ngal wiɗto gannde, ngal ɓe mbiyata IMRS (Institut Mauritanien de Recherches Scientifiques). O golliima e ngalɗoo duɗal haa e hitaande 1980.
Tuggude1980 haa ñalnde 12 feebariyee 1998, o gollotonoo ko e Duɗal Ɗemɗe Ngenndiije Muritani. Ko o diisnondirɗo Umaar Mammadu Kan lollirɗo Sileymaani Kan, jiilatnooɗo duɗal ngal.
Njaay Saydu Aamadu


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Ko sappo e goo lawake njogori fooɗondirde lefol laamu leydi Farayse e suɓngooji alet 23 Awril. Suɓngooji ɓurɗi udditaade e daartol politik Farayse sabu gonnooɗo hooreejo oo waasde ɗum jeyeede heen. Ko ɓee ɗoo sappo e goo njogori fooɗondirde lefol ngol.
Ina heen ina jogaa njoorto maa njawtu daawal gadanal. Ina imee heen:
Marine Lopen ko ganndaaɗo sabu baaba makko Jean Mari Lopen ko kam ardinoo lannda makko kaa, o lomtii ɗum.
Fraasuwaa Fiyon ina joganoo yaakaare hay so tawii dille e tuumo pawaaɗo e makko woodat ko usti e arsuka makko
Jacques Cheminade ko mawɗo soodaani ganndal e woote ɗee
Emaniyel makron ina jeyaa e waawɓe yahde daawal ɗimmal
Benoit Hamon ina waawi yawtude e daawal ɗimmal
Jean Lassale,ko Sammba noddaaka nootii. Cukaagu makko ko njogitaari makko.
So diwtii ɓee ɗoo, heddiɓe ɓee ina mbaawi wonde duusooɓe.
Jean Luc Melenchon, Nikolas Dupont, Nathalie Arthaud,Philip Potou,Fransuwaa Asleno,
WOOTE LEYDI FARAYSE : DIWO GOOTO NDAARTOOƁE SAPPO E GOO
Ko sappo e goo lawake njogori fooɗondirde lefol laamu leydi Farayse e suɓngooji alet 23 Awril. Suɓngooji ɓurɗi udditaade e daartol politik Farayse sabu gonnooɗo hooreejo oo waasde ɗum jeyeede heen. Ko ɓee ɗoo sappo e goo njogori fooɗondirde lefol ngol.
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text:
Ina famɗi hannde galle mbo alaa ko ɓuuɓnata, maa wonii filsideer wala klim.
Kono mbela oɗon nganndi no ɗiin masiŋaaji ngollirta?
Woni sirlu ɓuuɓol walla nguleeki wiimtatooki e ɗiin masiŋaaji ko henndu (gaas) ina dummba e nder guccurol (tuyau), nduun henndu wiyetee ko fereyon (fréon), adatoo heɓɓaade ndu ko pompre (pompe) siiɓoondu dammpa ndu nde guccrol ndeelol (condenseur), nde wonnoo ndu dummbete toon e ɓitto saɗtungo ( haute pression) ndu rentat haa ndu wonta ndeelam (liquide), gontugol mayru ndeelam waɗata-ndu wiimtaade nguleeki, so oɗon teskii caggal frigooji koko wulata, ɗuum ko batte nattugol fereyon won’de henndu wonta ndeelam.
So tawii fereyon gontuɗo ndeelam o yottiima puufri (détendeur) arata ko ina ɓittaa no feewi ina yiyloo no yawtiri e nder guccurol he, puufri ndi waɗi ko wuddere faaɗnde fuufa ndeelam ɗam yawta to cuurkol (évaporateur) ina wonti henndu, nde wonnoo e dummbo e nder guccurol cuurkol ina famɗi semmbe, ɗuum addanta ndeelam ɗam suurkude wonta henndu.
Iwde fereyon e mbaadi ndeelam wonta henndu naamndii ko siiɓaade nguleeki, (way tan kono fasnude ndiyam nih, ala e sago jayngol tawee), tawde guccurol cuurkol woni ko nder frigo, ko heen siiɓatoo nguleeki ɓuubol lomtoo, ko noon ɓuuɓol heɓirtee nder, kadi ko waɗaa nder fo nguleeki mum ñoortee (siiɓee).
Hade pompre nde heɓɓitaade fereyon o tawata ko wontii henndu haa laaɓi, ndu refta kadi ɗo ndu rewnoo.
Ɓuuɓnirka (frigo) lomto loonde.


text:
Ñalnde ñalli aljumaa jofi aset, hoore biir, ɗo wiyetee gite mbiljinii cuwaa, majje lugge, cewɗe, carfuɗe, ɗelñi e tiinde buulel. Ina hawraa nduun lobbudu so majii, kala demoowo, hakkille mu mina arta e ruumaano mum rawane. Jom teskuyaaji en cifoo, mbiya « ko nii dey wayatnoo nde jam waɗa ».
Ñalnde ñalli aljumaa jofi aset, hoore biir, ɗo wiyetee gite mbiljinii cuwaa, majje lugge, cewɗe, carfuɗe, ɗelñi e tiinde buulel. Ina hawraa nduun lobbudu so majii, kala demoowo, hakkille mu mina arta e ruumaano mum rawane. Jom teskuyaaji en cifoo, mbiya « ko nii dey wayatnoo nde jam waɗa ».
Leelaani golal ruƴƴi fuɗnaange rewo, haa totti laaci maayo worgo, kibbo haftii, darii, yiili hoore, moosi sappii, o wiyi : « Ndiŋ ! Sammba uumi ñawaani, ceŋelal sippooɓe, kjeykal remooɓe, dilli wuura, dillaani baayeeji maa ndaase. Yo ar adda jam, adda ko heƴi e juuɗe men ».
Nder oon jamma, nde yahi haa feccini, henndu wutti, kammu e leydi njokkondiri, baade coori (cooki), majje e kartaali e ndiyam fof coomondiri, leelaani caaɗli pusi, beeli keewi lattinii, maayo soori gila weetaani, ɗum ko golle ngatamaare ! Nde yimɓe pini subaka, rewɓe e worɓe, sukaaɓe e mawɓe, gooto fof finiri ko weltaare, coftal e cagataagal mawngal, sabu ñalnde jañja mbaaddi alaa, gooto fof ko sagata. Ko ɗum waɗi Sammba Mamdu e Mammadu Kuñnjo, gooto e maɓɓe fof ina jañnjitira bannge, ina hargitoo ɓesngu mum yo yaawno weetii, sabu golle ko law. Ɗoon e yontere tawata ko gawri fuɗii, huɗo fuufii, leydi suɗoo, suddoo leƴƴi puɗi kecci, muumon Alla mbeltoo, leɗɗe olnooɗe ndañta caayaale kese, nguboo, nguuboo, kullon ladde cuuroo gite waañooɓe. So ladde ndee suɗoriima nii, ko ndeen mbiyaten nakkon men puɗɗiima ɓesnude, sabu ndammiri morsat, nayi paytoo, ɓerɗe aynaaɓe ndeeƴa, keccol riiwa yooro, yaajeende riiwa faaɗeende, ɓuuɓol riiwta mbooy, jam dañtee, Fuuta welta, yeewta, ferɓe e ɗanniinooɓe ngarta, woni jam dañtaama …
Abbaas Baayel Ac,
Catal Nuwaadibu (Fooyre Ɓamtaare tŋ 25/26, darorɗe 1987)


text:
Fedde Rentude e Ɓamtude udditii duɗal jaŋde mawɓe ñalnde 15 lewru siilo hitaande 2016 e Tummbere Jiinge ngam haɓde e rewam humambinnaagal e riiwtude keeri majjere.
Fedde Rentude e Ɓamtude udditii duɗal jaŋde mawɓe ñalnde 15 lewru siilo hitaande 2016 e Tummbere Jiinge ngam haɓde e rewam humambinnaagal e riiwtude keeri majjere.
Fotde rewɓe 20 mawnasɓe, yarlitiiɓe mbinnditiima e doggol duɗal ngal. E nder daawal lebbi jeegom, maa ɓe mbaɗ taro, binndol, kiisorɗe nay gaadoraaɗe e jiiɓtugol gaggaaji tokoosi, ɗi ɓe kawrata e tiifaaɗe nguurndam maɓɓe. Jannginta ɓe ko Abuu Aamadu Njaay lollirɗo Abuu Sellee e ballondiral Maamuudu Aamadu Bah e Ibrahiima Aamadu Njaay.
Kewu nguu waɗi ko e tawtoreede jannginoowo duɗal, huufooɓe maggal, e tawtoreede Umaar Aamadu Njaay e Muusaa Hammadi Bah.
To bannge ngalu coodiraangu gila e alluuje, jooɗorɗe, leece, kuɗi, defte, cettirɗe kuɗi, kaadam haa e ataaye jannginooɓe e huufooɓe ummorii ko to Ammbasaad Amerik gonɗo to Nuwaasot, laamorgo leydi Muritani.
Mbiyen so Tummbere Jiinge jaɓɓinooma Sammba Gelaajo Jeegi Bah, joom silaama e gaawe tookaaɗe e Ceerno Sileymaani Raasin Baal, kelnooɗo Muudo Hormo, leliiɗo e Jeeriyel Tummbere, jaɓɓitiima e ngol kadi koɗo goɗɗo biyeteeɗo duɗal Pulaar. Yo Geno wallitir cellal e softeende haa faandaare ndee jaalɗoo.
Gelongal Fuuta lollirɗo, Njaay Saydu Aamadu


text:
UNESCO, hono njuɓɓudi Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe kalfinaandi ko faati e nehdi e jaŋde e siyaas e pinal toɗɗanaama ñalnde aljumaa 13 oktoobar 2017 hooreejo keso, hono debbo faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Audrey Azouley, meeɗnooɗo wonde jaagorgal Pinal nde François Hollande ardii Farayse ndee. Kanko Audrey o lomtotoo ko debbo bilgaarinaajo hono Irina Bokova gardinooɗo njuɓɓudi ndii duuɓi 4 jooni.
UNESCO ko njuɓɓudi karalleeri Fedde ngenndiije dentuɗe cosaandi ñalnde 16 noowammbar 1945, caggal bonanndeeji e warhooreeji wolde adunaare ɗiɗmere. Faandaare Unesco ko « wallitde ñiiɓnude jam e kisal tawa ina tiiɗtina, rewrude e e nehdi e jaŋde e ganndal e pinal, gollondiral leyɗeele ngam tabitinde kormagol ñuunɗal kuuɓtodinngol, kormagol laabi sariya kam e jojjanɗe aadee e wellitaare worworde wonande yimɓe fof, ko aldaa e paltoor leñol, maa njogoram, maa ɗemngal walla dewal, kormagol ngol Piɓondiral Fedde Ngenndiije heɓtinani denndaangal leƴƴi. »
Toɗɗegol Audrey Azouley noon hawri ko e jaltugol Israayiil e Dental dowlaaji Amerik njuɓɓudi ndii. Ɗee leyɗeele ɗiɗi ina njooɓtorii njuɓɓudi ndii ‘’añde Israayiil’’. Amerik habri jaltugol njuɓɓudi ndii ko ñalnde 12 oktoobar. E no ndi wiyri « ndee feere ko miijaande no feewi, tee ende feeñnini ngoƴa Dental dowlaaji Amerik wonande joowondiral ñamaale piye e nder Unesco, jojjugol mbayliigu luggu njuɓɓudi ndii, kam e heedi-heedaaji keewɗi luulndiiɗi Israayiil ». Amerik ko ko yownoo nii piye mum e Unesco gila 2011 caggal nde Palestiin yaɓaa e njuɓɓudi hee, tee ndi meeɗiino yaltude ndi hakkunde 1984 e 2003. Israayiil to bannge mum wiyi ko Amerik waɗii ko haani, tee ɗumɗoo ko fuɗɗoode yonta keso « ɗo kala baɗɗo paltoor feewde e Israayiil yiytata golle mum ko neeɓaani ». Paltoor joopaaɗo oo noon ko pellitgol Unesco waɗtude Al Khaliil (Hebron) e ngaluuji winndereeji, jeyi Palestiin. Ko ɗuum addannoo Israayiil laawaade haa usti piye mum e UNESCO laawol mum nayaɓol e ndee hitaande wootere. Emmanuel Nashon, winndiino oon sahaa e enternet wonde « daartol paayodinngol ɓesngu yahuud en fuɗɗorii ko Hebron. Penaale Unesco e penaale daartol mbaawaa ɗum waylude.»
Ɗum noon eɗen mbaawi wiyde wonde Audrey Azouley ina jogii golle !
Bookara Aamadu Bah


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Banndiraaɓe, on njaaraama, ina wayi no ko fotnoo haaleede ko fof mawɓe ɓee kaalii, adiiɓe en haalde ɓee ! Ina wayi no ko teskuyaaji tan mbaɗaten seeɗa. Hannde eɗen mawnina ɗo hitaande 30ɓere, ko seeɗa e nguurndam fedde, kono eɗen mbaawi wiyde ko heewi waɗaama.
Miin kaaldoowo e mon o, ina wayi no ngar-mi e fedde nde ko 1982. Mbiɗo waawi wiyde gila e oon sahaa haa yettii 1987, eɗen mbaawi wiyde e oon ɗoon sahaa woni cagataagal fedde ndee tigi rigi. Ɗum ko teskuya. Teskuya goɗɗo o, eɗen mabaawi wiyde fedde nde wuurii tigi rigi ! ƴiiƴam mum artii ! So en kiisiima ɗum ɗoon, ma a wood ko rokki en. Ko wonaa hannde ko, mbiɗo waawi sifaade heen seeɗa teskuyaaji am e nguurndam fedde nde :Ɗo tolni-ɗen hannde ɗo, fedde nde ina waɗi 1300 neɗɗo. Ɗum ɗo ko huunde woodaande, ko huunde kadi teskinnde. Huunde woɗnde, eɗen njogii cate 16 e nder leydi ndi, ɗum ɗoon kadi ko taaɓal ! Won noon kadi ko sifatee heen goɗɗum : fedde nde ina ŋakkunoo to bannge rewɓe, en njiyi won catal sosaa e diiwaan Asaaba nokku ina wiyee Gaara Sammba, ina waɗi 60 tergal, tee yiilirde ngaal catal fof ko rewɓe ! Ɗum kadi ko teskuyaaji. Ina foti kadi yeewteede… E ko mbiyat-mi, wasiya mo cakkittoo-mi hokkude, ko ngollato-ɗen koo, ko huunde tiiɗnde, mettunde gollanaade. Huunde so alaa njoɓdi eɗen ngollanoo taaniraaɓe men ɓe cuwaa jibineede, duuɓi teemedde ɗe cuwaa arde, ɗum ɗoon, ma a wonda e muñal, ma a wonda e dadule tiiɗɗe! Ɓesnguuji garooji ɗi, ko kañum en ngollantee! Ɗum noon ko mbaɗaten ko, darnde meeɗen so ɓuraani tiiɗde, ligganaade taaniraaɓe walla njaatiraaɓe, wonaa huunde weeɓnde, ɗum ɗoon noon, mbaɗten heen hakkille !
Ifraa Al Hajji Boli


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Ɗo yahanoo artaa fof, “seppo artiraaɓe” ngo mbiyno-ɗen ummiima Ɓoggee ñalnde 25 abriil 2014. Alaa kumpaaɗo lappol maɓɓe gila ndeen, haa nde ɓe njettii Nuwaasoot, ɓesngu wuro ngoo jaɓɓii ɓe jaɓɓongal jooɗngal, laamu nguu njaɓɓorii ɓe no soofi so waɗde polis e sanndarmori yo lottu e maɓɓe gerenaaduuji e nanngude won e maɓɓe.
Ɗo yahanoo artaa fof, “seppo artiraaɓe” ngo mbiyno-ɗen ummiima Ɓoggee ñalnde 25 abriil 2014. Alaa kumpaaɗo lappol maɓɓe gila ndeen, haa nde ɓe njettii Nuwaasoot, ɓesngu wuro ngoo jaɓɓii ɓe jaɓɓongal jooɗngal, laamu nguu njaɓɓorii ɓe no soofi so waɗde polis e sanndarmori yo lottu e maɓɓe gerenaaduuji e nanngude won e maɓɓe. Caggal ɗuum, ɓe mbaɗii e wuro hee fotde balɗe 10 to joɗnde Covire mo Mammadu Kan, hade maɓɓe bismeede tele, yo ɓe ngar ɓe kaala no seppo maɓɓe yahri e hol ko addani ɓe seppude. Ko caggal ɗuum, mawɗo leydi oo jaɓi noddude ɓe yo ɓe ngar to galle laamorɗo too, ñalnde 14 mee wonnoo, ɓe ñalli fadde haa wiyaa mawɗo leydi oo, wiyi yo ɓe pottoy Ɓoggee, waawaa yiyde ɓe ɗoo. Ɗum fof e waade noon, ɓe nekkaani, ɓe pottitoyi e mum to Eeleega ñalnde 18 mee 2014. Nde ngarti ɗoo e Nuwaasoot, ɓe njuɓɓinii yeewtere jaayndiire ñalnde 20 mee ngam bayyinde ko ɓe kaaldi e mawɗo leydi oo.
Ciimtol ɗo ɓe ndewdanoo …
Ɗum noon, caggal noon nde ɓe ɓeti walla ɓe njuurtinii ngonka maɓɓe kaa, gila e hitaande 2008 fayde hannde, ɓe tawi alaa fof ko feewi e geɗe maɓɓe, kamɓe taccinanooɓe feewde Senegaal, artiranooɓe e hitaande 2008. Ko ɗoon miijo arani ɓe ma a taw mawɗo leydi ndii wondi ko tinaani walla yettinaaka caɗeele ɗe ɓe ngondi ɗee. Ko ɗoon ɓe piɓi yahrude koyɗe gila e nder reedu Fuuta haa ɓe njettoo laamorgo ngoo. Ena gasa, e oon sahaa, tabalde mum maa yetto e kala jookli, gila e nder leydi Muritani ndii haa to caggal mayri. Ɓe ceppa haa ɓe njettoo mo, kanko Mohammed Wul Abdel Asiis, ɓe ngoytonoo mo ŋakke maɓɓe.
Ñalnde 24 seeɗto, ɓe mbaalti ko e wuro Ɓoggee. Ñalnde 25 lewru nduu, subaka mum, ɓe mbaynii Laamorgo Halayɓe, e gardagol Ibraahiima Aamadu Njaay lollirɗo Usmaan Njaay. E oon sahaa ko ɓe 54 neɗɗo. Ena heen e maɓɓe, rewɓe, mawɓe e sukaaɓe. Nde ngari haa e karafuur Gaaraas Ɓoggee walla Gaaraas Ñooli, ɓe ndartii, ɓe njanngi Ɓuraana tedduɗo oo e ɗemngal Siley Alhajji Jallo to Marayse sara Jiinge (simoore amma), ɓe cakkiti duwaawu haa ɓe ngasni, ɓe njani e yolnde. Ɓe ngoomii Hudallaay, yimɓe wuro ngoo njalti, jaɓɓii ɓe, ɗo daande godoroŋ ɗoo. Ɓe ñalloyi e Mabruuk (18 km wonande Ɓoggee), mbaaltoyi ñalnde heen ko e wuro Boyngel Cile.
Ñalnde 26 lewru seeɗto (abril), ɓe ndawi e Boyngel Cile, ɓe ñalloyi e Karafuur Eeleega, ɓe mbaaltoyi sawndo Weendu Eeleega. Ñalnde 27, ɓe mbaaltoyi ko yeeso Asweer, ɓe mbaali fooftaade haa weeti. Ñalnde 28 lewru abriil ndee, ɓe mballinoyi ko 12 km hade maa yettaade Butelmiina, so tawii ngummori-ɗaa ko to bannge Eeleega. E oon sahaa noon tawi ɓe ndaroyii, kamɓe seppooɓe ɓee e 95 neɗɗo. Ñalnde 29 ndee, ɓe ndawi, ɓe ngoomii wuro Butelmiina, ɓe ndaraaki. Ɓe ngari haa 10 km, so a yawtii Butelmiina feewde Nuwaasoot, oto yani ɗoon e gooto e seppatnooɓe ɓee ena wiyee Maamuudu Yero Bellel Sal ena jeyaa to wiyetee Hamdallaay. Gaañanɗe ɗee kiisaani kono tan o heɓii ruttineede Butelmiina ngam safreede. Caggal mum, o nawaa Nuwaasoot, o safroyaa, o arti, o tawti seppatnooɓte ɓee, o jokki seppo makko. Ñalnde 29 ndee haa hannde, seppo ngoo wallinoyi ko 20 km, yeeso Butelmiina. Ñalnde 30 lewru seeɗto, ɓe mbaaltoyi ko 95 wonande Nuwaasoot. Ñalnde 1lewru mee (mee) 2014, ɓe mbaali ko 60 km wonande Nuwaasoot. Ko ɗoon ɗiɗo e maɓɓe hono Haaruuna Ngusa Soh e Aamadu Aysata nulaa yo mbaɗoy jeewte e rajooji Nuwaasoot ngam humpitde jamaanu ɗo seppo ngoo yahrata e ko addannoo seppo ngoo waɗeede. Ñalnde 2 mayru, ɓe leloyii ko 30 km wonande Nuwaasoot. Ñalnde 3, ɓe njettii 15 km, naatirde Nuwaasoot heedde waktuuji 8 pawɗi seeɗa. Ko ɗoon ɓe ñalli kadi ɓe mbaalti e cakkital goomu kalfinaangu jaɓɓagol e dewindagol seppo ngoo.
Ñalnde 4 ndee, Waali Nuwaasoot waɗi e maɓɓe toon nulaaɓe ɗiɗo dariiɓe ngam jeertinde woto seppatnooɓe ɓee naatir laamorgo ngoo koyɗe, yo ngar e otooji.
Ɗo yahanoo artaa fof, caggal jokkondire keewɗe, waali rokki yamiroore yo ɓe ngar kono ko kamɓe seppatnooɓe ɓee tan tawi hay gooto goɗɗo jillondirtaa e maɓɓe. Ndeen ɓe ngarii haa e karafuur Madrid, jamaanu ndarinoongu gila e puɗal naange nguu, ñoori, tiindii e maɓɓe, kamɓe seppatnooɓe ɓee. Geɗe ɗee mbuukii, laabi ɗii coki haa seppatnooɓe ɓee ndonki ɗo ndewri. Ko ɗoon woni ɗo ƴiiwoonde garnatuuji toɓi haa silti e dow seppatnooɓe e arnooɓe jaɓɓaade ɗum en ɗo Karefuur Madriid ɗoo. Jiiɓru waɗi, jiiɓru mawndu waɗi. Waɗii yanɓe, gaañiiɓe e faɗɗiiɓe. Waɗii kadi tato nanngaaɓe heen: Usmaan Juulde Jah to Jeki-tuuba, Sammba Bullaay Salli Bah to Gurel Falli e biyeteeɗo Umaar Aliiw Bah. Ooɗoo cakkitiiɗo noon jeyaa ko e arnooɓe jaɓɓaade ɓee wonaa e seppatnooɓe ɓee.
Goomu kalfinanoongu jaɓɓagol e dewindagol seppo ngoo wonti e aaltaade, forlude e renndinde seppatnooɓe laawaaɓe ɓee. Ɓe paarnaa jippunde maɓɓe to jooɗorde Kofiir (Covire) mo Mammadu Kan to leegal Siiseem (Elimiina).
Ñalnde 12 mee 2014, ɓe njahi Tele-Muritani e cakkital won e jagge laamu ngam waɗde yeewtere e famminde gila no ɓe ngummorinoo Ɓoggee haa ɓe naati Nuwaasoot. E innde seppatnooɓe ɓee, njahi ñalnde heen tele ko Ibraahiima Aamadu Njaay, hooreejo Fedde ndee, gardiiɗo seppo ngoo, Haaruna Nguso Soh, Aamadu Aysata Soh e Ibba Joop.
Ñalnde 14 mee, nulal ari e maɓɓe wonde Mawɗo Leydi ndii ena yiɗi jooɗodaade 12 e maɓɓe, e nder heen rewɓe ɗiɗo. Aadi oo ko ñalnde heen. Ɓe keblii, ɓe njoñtoyii bannge goɗɗo. Arti e maɓɓe ko Mawɗo Leydi oo wiyi jooɗodoytoo e maɓɓe tan ko to diiwaan Baraknaa, e nder Eeleega walla e nder Ɓoggee. Haaɓre heɓi yimɓe fof haa won e miijooji kolliti waasde nootoyaade. Nde huundeere ndee waɗtanoo e tame hakkillaaji ceeɓti, tawtaa ko jamfaaji ɓurɗi fof mawnude e bonde e hersinaade e nder leñol ɓittangol cakkinoo. Hakkillaaji kadi ndarii haa fotnooɓe jooɗodaade e mawɗo leydi ndii, njahi ñalnde 17 to Eeleega woto wonɓe heblaaɓe e bonannde naattude heen.
Tesko-ɗen tan ko laamu nguu waɗi otooji ɗo ɓe njahi, jippini ɓe, jogii ɓe haa ɓe ngarti. Ɓe ngoni Eeleega haa ñalnde 18 mee 2014, ɓe njiydi e Mohammed Wul Abdel Asiis gila 21w30h haa e 22w46 h, fotde 1w16h.
Ɓe njeewtani mo toɓɓe 10 e ngoƴaaji maɓɓe dowrowi, gonnooɗi sabaabu seppo maɓɓe gila wuro Ɓoggee haa e nder Nuwaasoot haa jibini jaɓɓungal ngal njaɓɓoranoo to Karefuur Madriid ñalnde 04 lewru mee hitaande 2014. Ɗeen toɓɓe ngoni ɗeeɗoo:
1. toɓɓere kaayitaaji
2. Caɗeele koɗorɗe wonande wuurɓe e tuddule ɗee (sites)
3. Iddiya (lomtinangol) aynaaɓe, remooɓe e awooɓe e woɗɓe
4. Rokkitde ɓe leyɗeele maɓɓe
5. Naattinde ɓe e ñakawere nguurndam
6. Ƴeftitde gollotonooɓe e yuɓɓitinde martabaaji mum en
7. Safrude caɗeele ndiyam, jaŋde e cellal e mbaydi laawɗundi, kuuɓtidinndi wonande denndaangal tuddule ɗee.
8. Dennditingol ɓesnguuji pecciiɗi walla cariiɗi
9. Cafrugol caɗeele sanɗaaji
10. keptingol Fedde Artiranooɓe ummoraade Senegaal
Ñalnde 19 mee, ɓe mbaynii wuro Eeleega, ɓe njettitii Nuwaasoot heedde 10w25hojom.
Ñalnde 20 mee, ɓe njuɓɓini yeewtere jaayndiire to Galle Pinal Jaaƴe Kamara to Sokosim Ps ngam anndinde ko ɓe kaaldi e mawɗo leydi ndii.
Jaayndiyankooɓe jaambureeɓe heewɓe nootitiima e yeewtere ndee. Yeewti ñalnde heen ko Ibraahiima Aamadu Njaay, Haaruuna Ngusa Soh, Maalik Mbooc e Alasan Jibi Soh. Yeewtere ndee duumiima fotde 42 hojom. Ɓe njettii njaatigi maɓɓe Kofiir mo Mammadu Kan, jippinɗo ɓe e jooɗorde mum gila ñalnde 4 mee, goomu kalfinanoongu jaɓɓagol e dewindagol seppo ngoo e darnde mum seedtinnde. Ɓe cakkitorii ko njettoor feewde e Mawɗo Leydi ndii nde jaɓi heɗtaade ɓe e dumunna fotno juutde. Ɓe mbeltiima e podooje ɗe oon fodani ɓe ɗee. Oon fodanii ɓe cafrugol caleeɗe kaayitaaji e ko yaacci. So o naattii Nuwaasoot maa o rokku jamirooje, winndittooɓe neldee e nder tuddule ɗee. Maa o sos goomu rewindo njirlotoongu e tuddule ɗee ngam aynude caɗeele ɗe cafraaka tawo. To bannge leyɗeele ko huunde hittunde saɗne kono maa leyɗeele lewe haa njaaja mbele gooto fof ena heɓa heen fotde mum.
E nder naamnde jaayndiyankooɓe, njeertooji keewɗi peeñninaama heen. Ɓe ndeentinii ɓeeɗoo seppatnooɓe nde mbaɗtata hakkille no moƴƴi sabu podooje keewɗe ɓennii tawi alaa fof ko o waɗani joom mum en. Kamɓe e koye maɓɓe won ko ɓe kumpitii heen teeŋti e dumunna nde ɓe taƴtitta e hitaande 2008 ndee. Yo ɓe nganndu kadi wonde Mawɗo leydi oo ko naatɗo dingiral toɗɗe (woote).
Ñalnde 21 lewru mee, daakaa fusi, seppatnooɓe nduwondiri, mbaynondiri, gooto fof fayti to ummorinoo.


text:
Ely wul Muhammed Faal sankiima ñalnde aljumaa 5 mee 2017 saraaji Suwoyraat, to o yahnoo ƴeewtoyaade jawdi makko. Ine wiyee ko taƴam ɓeram wari mo. Ely wul Muhammed Faal ko kooninke wonnoo. O woniino ko ina abboo e duuɓi 20, gardo kisal ngenndi (sureté nationale). Ñalnde 5 ut 2005, o liɓi laamɗo bonɗo biyeteeɗo Maawiya. O sompi Goomu Kooninkeewu Nuunɗal e Demokaraasi (CMJD) ngam ɗowde leydi ndii. Ko heen o ardorii leydi ndii daawal cabborgal 2005-2007, o heɓɓitii ndi to bannge faggudu e ngardiigu, haa ndi fuɗɗii heɓtude hoolaare aduna oo, o wayli doosgal leydi haa manndaa hooreejo leydi dottaa e laabi ɗiɗi, o hunii waasde wonde kanndidaa e woote toɗɗagol hooreejo leydi, o yuɓɓini woote laaɓtuɗe, ɗe hay gooto yedditaaki.
Ko e ɗeen woote Siidi wul Seek Abdallaahi toɗɗaa hooreejo leydi ndii. Woni goo ko hooreejo leydi ina woppira laamu rewrude e woote, ɗiɗi ko siwil ina ardoo leydi ndii. O yaltiri laamu wondude e njettoor winndere ndee kala e faayiida mawɗo. Ine jeyaa e geɗe kadi ɗe o teskoraa, ɓeydugol njoɓɗeele gollotooɓe ɓeyde paayodinɗe.
Nde Abdel Asiis jamfii laamu Siidi wul Seek abdallaahi ñalnde 6 ut 2008, o haɓii ɗum, sibu, e wiyde makko, oon ko “murtuɗo” (rebel). Gila ndeen haa nde o sankii ndee, o seeraani e haɓaade laamu Abdel Asiis, mo o meeɗaa jaɓde sowtude innde mum hay sahaa gooto.
Hare makko sakkitiinde e peeje Abdel Asiis, ko tawtoregol makko seppo luulndiingo memtagol Doosgal leydi ndii, ɗo o ari omo ɓoornii araaraay leydi ndii (darapoo), haa ko jaaynde L’Authentique winndi nde o sankii ndee “Eli yahii, yahdii e darapoo mum”.
Jaaynde Le Calame winndii wonde “kanko fof e ardaade fotde duuɓi noogaas Ardorde huuɓtodinnde Kisal (Direction générale de la Sûreté), innde makko meeɗaa sowteede e doosiyee warngooji walla e hafeere woɗnde “tunwunde” ”. Won wiyooɓe kadi omo jeyaa e waɗboniiɓe laamu Taaya sabu makko ardanoode Kisal leydi ndii e oon sahaa. Ina anndaa noon ardinoo e oon sahaa Kisal Dowla, ɗum noon kala ko faati e ñukkindagol e peeje walla baɗe bonɗe cuuɗiiɗe ɗe laamu ƴettata, ko biyeteeɗo Deddaahi… Ko waawnoo heen wonde kala, ɗuum laaɓata tan ko nde wiɗto jaambureewo waɗaa ngam anndude waɗnooɓe bone… Eli wul Muhammed Faal jibinaa ko e hitaande 1953.
Innaa lil Laahi, wa innaa ileyhi raaji’uun. Yo Alla yurmo mo, yaafoo mo.
Bookara Aamadu Bah


text:
Ahmed wul Abdallaahi woniino Jooɗaniiɗo keeriiɗo Koolaaɗo Kuuɓal Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe to Afrik hirnaange, to Somaali, e to Burunndi ; hannde ko kanko ardii nokku biyeteeɗo Centre-4S (Centre des stratégies pour la sécurité Sahel Sahara) jooɗiiɗo e Nuwaasoot.
E miijo Ahmedu wul Abdallaahi, hare ownugol (AQMI …) ina yejjitina yimɓe musiiba ɓurɗo bonde, so njulaagu dorog.
Hay so tawii o sowtaani innde hay leydi ngootiri walla hay neɗɗo gooto, o joopiima kam jokkondiral gonngal hakkunde won ɓeen ardiiɓe leyɗeele kam e pelle e resooji dorog. Min piranii on ɗoo, jokkondiral jaaynde wiyeteende « Afrique Drogue » waɗdunoo e makko.
Afrique Drogue (AD) : Njeye-ɗaa ko e miijiiɓe wonde hay so hare luulndiinde ownugol ko rowrowre, ittataa ende yejjitina yimɓe musiiba goɗɗo so njulaagu dorog e nder diiwaan Afrik hirnaange oo, haa arti noon e kokayne (cocaïne) . Hol ko tag-maa wiyde noon?
Ahmeddu wul Abdallaahi (AwA) : Miɗo sikki ownugol fotaani wonde ko tuubakooɓe mbiyata « lekki mbirnuki dunndu » koo. Hol ko woni dunndu nduu ? Dunndu nduu ko njeenaari tuddiinndi e huunde e juɓɓule kisal kam e sarwisaaji ndenndaandi , kono noon, e ko ɓuri teeŋtude ko dorog. Miɗo haawaa, sibu waɗii sahaa, ko ɗum tan haaletenoo, jaayɗe ko ɗum ngardintunoo e binndanɗe mum en, rajooji e ko ɗum kaalatnoo âlnde fof, ardiiɓe dipolomasi kadi ko ɗum nawtatnoo, miɗo haawaa ko nattini ɗum haaleede jooni. Miɗo sikki hare luulndiinde ownugol ummanaande ndee, so yimɓe ndeenaaki, maa yejjitin ɗum en ooɗoo musiiba hono njulaagu dorog, ngu waɗooɓe ɗum ɓee njiɗaa haalee. Aɓe na tuddini e nder won ɗeen gure laamorɗe, heen sahaaji nii tawa ko yimɓe laamuuji, tawi kadi aɓe lutti hisnude jokkondire maɓɓe. Tee aduna fof ina anndi ! Ko ɓuri haawnaade heen kadi, ko huunde e sarwisaaji kisal leyɗe hirnaange ina nganndi ɗuum, kono ellee ɓuri toppitaade ko hare ownugol ….
AD : Aan noon, hay ko ɓooyaani koo, jokkondiral hakkunde ownugol e njulaagu dorog haalaama no feewi, haa arti noon e batu G20 njooɗinoongu to Pari …
AwA : Sarwisaaji leyɗe hirnaange nattii haalde haala dorog soi na kaala ko faati e leyɗe Saahal maa Saharaa. Kono, humpito am to Somaali e to nokkuuji goɗɗi, ina ngaddana mi miijaade wonde geɗe ɗiɗi ina njokkondiri no feewi. Yo won wonande hashish, kokayne … Yanti e ɗuum dadngooji to golf Gine. Ɗee kala ina caabii warhooreeji ɓurtuɗi baɗeteeɗi e faggooji diiwaan oo. Ɗumɗoo ina saɗtini no feewi golle ardiiɓe ɓe ngonaa yeenaaɓe walla sarwisaaji kisal jiɗɗi laaɓal ɗii.
AD : Mbele wonaa ɗum nii woni ko woodi jooni ? Yeruuji jokkondiral hakkunde hoohooɓe politik walla kisal e tarafik dorog ina keewi hannde e diiwaan oo …
AwA : Ɗum ina woodi, ina tabiti. Kono nde tawnoo dowlaaji diiwaan oo ngalaa semmbe no feewi, ngaal jokkondiral ina ɓeydoo tan, golle ɗee ina ɓeydoo hittude walla nattude aaɓnaade. Artude e ngonka ngaadoraaka, maa saɗtu no feewi. So a ƴeewii ko woni Meksik e nder leyɗe Amerik Latin goɗɗe, aɗa waawi faamde ko jogori heɓtaade diiwanuuji men ɗii.
AD : E miijo maa, kamɓe tarafikaaji ɗii, ɓe njettiima ardorde dowlaaji Muritani, e Senegaal walla leyɗe diiwaan oo goɗɗe ?
AwA : Yimɓe fof mbaɗti hakkillaaji mum en ko e Gine Bisaawo, leydi tokosiri, ina mbiya wonde wontii dowla dorog. Miɗo sikki, hay so tawii ko ɗum goonga, eɗum addana yimɓe ɓee makkinaade ko woni e dowlaaji goɗɗi ɗii koo. Haa teeŋti noon e nder leyɗe goɗɗe hirnaange Afrik , ɗo jokkondire keewɗe ngoodi, rewrude e resooji keeriiɗi, walla hakkunde galleeji walla sifaaji goɗɗi . Tee tarafikaaji ɗii ina njogii mesasuuji ɗi yimɓe njokkondiri ɓee paamata no moƴƴi, so wiyde : « dorog yeeyaaka, huutoraaka e leyɗe amen. Hol ko bonnanta on so min ndewnii ɗum e diiwaan mon. Alaa ko bonnanta sibu faaraa ko nokkuuji goɗɗi … ». Kono won ko ɓe kaalaani. Ɓe kaalaani wonde kaalis dorog in abonna fof. Ina bonna sariya e nuunɗal, in abonna polis, ina bonna kisal. Ko ɓuri ɗoon bonde, ina haɗa haa yoora kos, demokaraasi. Hawde huutortooɓe kaalis dorog e woote ina metti haa ɓurti.
A.D. E miijo maa, ardiiɓe diiwaan oo ko e maɓɓe ngondi walla ko ɓe muɓɓuɓe gite maɓɓe tan ?
AwA : E miijo am, yoga e ardiiɓe diiwaan oo ina njokkondiri e tarafik dorog oo, rewrude e jokkondire hakkunde galleeji walla e jokkondire mum en keeriiɗe. Ɗum na addana ɓe dañde jawdi keewndi. Waɗi en wiyde noon, ko ñaawoore waawaa woppitde tarafikaaji ganndaaɗi so tawiino keɓaani yamiroore ummoriinde dow. Ɓe mbaawaa jogaade tiitoonde dipolomasi e ɗannoraade no ɓe mbeliraa so tawii wondaani e bammbugol vurngol toowde. Zum weevaani dallinde. Kono tan, no yoga e pelle dorog Amerik Latin ganndaaɗe newniniraa e leyɗe men nii, ina ngaddana en miijaade wonde aɓe njogii yimɓe e njuɓɓule leyɗe men. So a ƴeewii caɗeele Amerik hawrata ngam gollodaade e leyɗe Amerik latin, eɗen mbaawi wiyde wonde ɗoo e duuɓi garooji (so wonaa ɗum woni ko woodi koo boom), leyɗe hirnaange maa ndañ caɗeele gollodaade e leyɗe Afrik hirnaange.
A.D. Kamɓe tarafikaaji dorog ɓee, walla jooɗaniiɓe ɓe e leyɗe men ɓee, aɓe njogii mbaawka e wooteeji juɓɓinteeɗi e Afrik hirnaange ɗii ?
AwA : E miijo Amadou, ko ɓooyii jumpude e wooteeji men, haa teeŋti noon kadi so tawii ko ɗoo ɓe ngoni. A ɓe keewi jawdi. Ɓe coklaani hiisa laaɓtuɗo. A ɓe mbaawi gijaade. Waɗtuɓe hakkille e nokku oo kala ina nganndi wonde tarafikaaji ɗii ina njogii wallidiiɓe to ɓuri toowde e laamuuji men. Ma darnde battin no feewi e woote jogorɗe yuɓɓineede e lebbi paaɗi.
Ƴoogirde : RFI
Firo Bookara A. Bah


text:
Ñalnde 14 desaambar 2014, fedde nde mbaadi teskinndi, fedde jokkere enɗam e ngootaagu, yuɓɓinii batu mum kuɓtodinngu ngadanu ɗo galle “sukaaɓe kiiɗɗo” Nuwaasoot. Hammee Juulɗo Kan, ganndiraaɗo kadi Muhammad Seyn el Abidin Ben Daawuud Ben Seriif Siidi Eliyaas lollirɗo Hillal e Pulaar, feri ko Kummbi Saaleh hedde teeminannde 13ɓiire, hoɗoyi Tekruur (laamaandi njogorndi wontoyde Fuuta Tooro).
Yanaande makko nana sara Gaani, nder falnde Teekaan, to Tararsa.
E wiyde Suleymaan Mammadu Kan, hooreejo Fedde ndee, “innde fedde ndee e daartol coomingol e innde ndee, ina peeñnini haa laaɓti yiɗde amen siftinde ko woodnoo ngam ɓeydaade udditde hakkillaaji yimɓe e mahde dental jaajngal nder Muritani, leydi ndenndinndi leƴƴi keewɗi, ngam kadi wallitde hisnude ngootaagu leydi ndii”.
Ɗum noon, gaa-gaa guurtingol enɗam ɗam, fedde ndee ina anniyii « jokkude golle taaniraaɓe galle oo, e ƴellitde ɗeen golle to bannge faggudu e pinal e diine Lislaam », e wiyde Muhammed Lemiin wul Shaamakh, porfesoor to duɗal jaaɓihaaɗtirde Nuwaasoot, jeyaaɗo e leñol Moodi Nalla to Butelmiit.
Yimɓe heewɓe nootiima e batu hee, haa arti noon e yontannde hannde, haawaaɓe, ɓe nganndaano no enɗam mum en wayi yaajde e nder leñol goɗngol ngol, hakkunde fulɓe e safalɓe. « miɗo nanatnoo tan porfesoor Saydu Kan ina haala ko wayi noon, wonde iwdi amen ko hedde Damaas, kono mi anndaano no fergo ngoo waɗiri. Daartol Ben Saalah min mbaɗanaa hannde ngol faamninii kam » e wiyde suka gooto Daarel Barkanaajo ina wiyee Elimaan Kan.
Aminettu, suka tokooso jeyaaɗo Butelmiit, garduɗo e yumma mum tawtoreede batu nguu “Muritaninaaɓe nganndaa no mbayi jokkondirde… Miɗo haawaa ɓee yimɓe seertuɓe leƴƴi, tawi kañum en fof ndenndi taaniraaɗo gooto”.
BAB


text:
Caggal nde Suudu Senaa Muritani salii ɓenninde waylowaylo mo laamu Muritani yiɗnoo oo… hooreejo leydi ndii holliti fellitii waɗde ɗum naamndal feewde e ɓiɓɓe lnaamnal. Ngaal naamnal so ɓesngu Muritani fellitii yahdude heen, maa addan mo waawde waylude bakko leydi ndii… araaraay moo… liɓde suudu senaa nduu…. Ko hanki o habri ɗum e kuccondirao ngal o waɗdi e jaayndeyaŋkooɓe. O hollitii yiɗnoode mbo rewde to suudu sarɗiiji e to senaa, ko yiɗnoode hoybinde geɗe ɗee tan, kono laawol ina rokki mbo waɗde naamndal Eey-Alaa feewde e ɓesngu leydi ndii. Oo waylowaylo so laatiima warata ko kuule dowrowe 1991.
Suudu depiteeji nduu yawtiniino miijo ngoo 121 e dow 147 depitee, kono senaa oo kam jaɓaano helde leggal ngal jooɗii e dow mum.
BAYLUGOL SARƊIIJI MURITANI: ABDUL ASIIS NDAARTII MOSOL GOƊNGOL
Caggal nde Suudu Senaa Muritani salii ɓenninde waylowaylo mo laamu Muritani yiɗnoo oo… hooreejo leydi ndii holliti fellitii waɗde ɗum naamndal feewde e ɓiɓɓe lnaamnal. Ngaal naamnal so ɓesngu Muritani fellitii yahdude heen, maa addan mo waawde waylude bakko leydi ndii… araaraay moo… liɓde suudu senaa nduu…. Ko hanki o habri ɗum e kuccondirao ngal o waɗdi e jaayndeyaŋkooɓe. O hollitii yiɗnoode mbo rewde to suudu sarɗiiji e to senaa, ko yiɗnoode hoybinde geɗe ɗee tan, kono laawol ina rokki mbo waɗde naamndal Eey-Alaa feewde e ɓesngu leydi ndii. Oo waylowaylo so laatiima warata ko kuule dowrowe 1991.
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text:
Ɓe mbaɗaani ‘’hannde haa janngo’’ nii, ɓe taƴii : binndol kofol nattii waɗɗaade e jaŋde leslesre e nder 45 dowla leydi ndii. Ndiin leydi woni Dental leyɗe Amerik (USA). Ɓe mbiyi, ɗi ƴeeŋii, sibu ɗi katojinaaka e nder kaɓirɗe karallaagal kesal, fannu ɓurɗo dowlude hannde e nder nguurndam yimɓe.
Wonaa binndol junngo woppaa (hay sinno tawii ko heen fayaa) kono ko binndi kofi, hono no hollitiraa e natal ngal nii.
Ɗum noon hol binndi potɗi janngeede. Jaabtawol ngalɗoo naamnal « hol ko foti janngeede nder ekkol hannde ? » Ina gasa yimɓe mbaasa luurdude no feewi : « foti janngeede ekkol ko geɗe katojinteeɗe e nguurndam ». Ndaa hannde, karalleeje kese newnii fof, haa ko eɗen mbaawi wiyde « yimɓe fof koɗdi », sabu telefoŋaaji, e ko ɓuri teeŋtude, sabu internet. Internet noon tuugii ko e ordinateer e tappirde mum (hade topirɗe keɓtingol daaɗe huɓtodinde). Ɗum noon alaa e sago, geɗal karallaagal kesal ɓeydee e nder jaŋde hee. Nde tawnoo ɗiin binndi coklaaka heen, alaa ko bonni heen jot mum. Hannde ɓuri sokleede ko waawde tappude. Waktuuji sukaaɓe njanngintenoo binndol ɗii, mbaɗta holleede heen « hol no huunde yiylortee e nder internet » gila e jaŋde leslesre. Haa teeŋti noon kadi ina anndaa wonde « yiylaade nder internet » ɓuri yaawde rokkude ganndal, e heɗaade jannginoowo. Yiylanaade hoore mum huunde, ina semmbina gaanndi (ko annduɓe kaali ɗum) : ko ɗum tagi « sirlu ekko fof » woni ko e njiylawu, sibu ko ɗum udditta hakkille neɗɗo. Hay so a yiytaani, ɓayri tan a yiyliima, a heɓii nafoore ndee tawi ko a ekkotooɗo…
FƁ


text:
Annduɓe ina kawri wonde ko wiyetee leydi men ndii ina ɓeydoo wulde koo, ko huunde woodnde. A ɓe luurdi tan to bannge tolno ɓeydagol nguleeki kii.
Annduɓe ina kawri wonde ko wiyetee leydi men ndii ina ɓeydoo wulde koo, ko huunde woodnde. A ɓe luurdi tan to bannge tolno ɓeydagol nguleeki kii.
Ko ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe (fotde 9 nder 10) ina kawri kadi ko golle aadee ngoni sabaabu ngool ɓeydagol nguleeki, haa teeŋti noon e kuɓɓugol geɗe baɗɗe karbon (petroŋ, ƴulɓe, gaas) kam e iirtugol leydi, kono haa hannde ɓe cuwaa hawrude e huɓindaade batte ɓeydagol nguleeki kii. Ko noon kadi wonande golle potɗe waɗeede ngam dartinde ngol walla ustude ngol, nde tawnoo aɗe njoopii ko cofte men kala, gila to bannge renndo haa to bannge faggudu, karallaagal, sato, cellal ekn.
Ciimtol ngol Fedde ngenndiije dentuɗe saakti ñalnde altine 7/12/2015 ina feeñnini wonde 90% musibbaaji janɗi e winndere ndee e duuɓi 20 cakkitiiɗi ɗii, ina njotondiri e baylagol ngonka weeyo (kilimaa). E nder heen, fotde 606 ujunere neɗɗo maayii heen, miliyaaruuji 4 pawɗi neɗɗo ngaañiima heen walla mbasii heen jawdi.
Leyɗe ɓurɗe tinde baylagol ngol ko Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, Siin (leyɗe ɗiɗi ɓurɗe waawde wukkitde GGS), Inndo, Filipiin e Inndonoosi.
Fotde 89% loraaɓe ɓee njeyaa ko e leyɗe pamare doole ; fotde 242 ujunere neɗɗo maayi ko e mobbooji (musiiba ɓurɗo bonde oo). Nguleeki kii warii 164 ujunere neɗɗo. Hedde feccere e musibbaaji ɗii ko ile. Musibbaaji kewɗi hakkunde 2005 e 2014 (fotde 335 musiiba) cowiima laabi ɗiɗi musibaaji baɗɗi hakkunde 1985 e 1995.


text:
Jaaynde CNN yerondirii njoɓɗeele hooreeɓe leyɗe e mawɓe hilifaaɓe leyɗe ɓurɗe mawnude e winndere ndee. Woni ko laamu rokkata ɓe sabu maɓɓe ardaade leyɗe maɓɓe. Hol ko ɓe tawi heen ?
Hooreejo leydi Farayse hono Hollande ina heɓa 179 000 ooroo hitannde kala, ko o jeeɗaɓo. Kono hoto njejjiten ko o ustuɗo njoɓdi makko fotde tataɓal, so wonaano ɗuum o heɓatnoo 255 600 ooroo hitaande kala, o sukka e Obama. Gardiiɗo Japon oo ɓuri mo, sibu ina heɓa 191 000 ooroo, kono kanko ɓuri hooreejo leydi Riisi keɓoowo 128 000 ooroo, huunde woɗɗondirnde e 1 300 000 oroo ɗe hooreejo leydi Sinngaapuur heɓata ɗee, walla e njoɓɗeele kulɓiniiɗe ardiiɓe sosiyateeji mawɗi winndere ndee, heɓooɓe hedde miliyoŋaaji ooroo. Yeru to Amerik, njoɓdi gooto e ɓeen ardiiɓe sosiyeteeji e hitaande 2013, yettiima miliyoŋaaji 7 e teemedde 6 ujunere ooroo. To Farayse, gardo sosiyetee heɓii e hitaande 2013 ndee, miliyoŋaaji 4 e teemedde 5 ujunere ooroo, walla mbiyen laabi 25 njoɓdi François Hollande.
Angela Merkel, hooreejo leydi Almaañ ko tataɓo e nder ardiiɓe leyɗe ɓee, kono kanko ɓuri hooreeɓe leyɗe Orop fof mawnude njoɓdi. Omo heɓa 216 000 ooroo. Rewi e maɓɓe ko Dawid Cameron, gardiiɗo leydi Angalteer keɓoowo 201 600 ooroo.
Vladimir Poutine (Waladmiir Putin) hooreejo leydi Riisi ina heɓa 128 200 caggal nde usti sappoɓal e njoɓdi mum. Matteo Renzi (Mateyoo Rensi) gardiiɗo Itaali kam heɓata ko 117 400 ooroo (Merkel ina ɓuri mo 100 000 ooroo). Leydi Siin yoɓata hooreejo mum ko hedde 19 000 ooroo hitaande kala. Jakob Sumaa, hooreejo leydi Afrik worgo woni nayaɓo to bannge ardiiɓe leyɗe ɓurɓe mawnude njoɓdi sibu ko 210 600 (laabi 11 njoɓdi hooreejo Siin ! hay ɗuum ko caggal nde ɓeydanaa 62% hikka, haa njoɓdi mum yettii 1 581 ooroo lewru kala.) Hooreejo leydi Inndo heɓata ko 28 500 ooroo, Dilmaa Russeff, hooreejo Beresiil 113 000 ooroo.
Nii woni Barak Obama, ɓurɗo mawnude njoɓdi e limtaaɓe ɗoo ɓee, caggal hooreejo leydi Senngaapuur, alaa ko heɓata so wonaa 12 miliyoŋ ugiyya lewru kala. Hol ko mawɗo leydi Muritani heɓata lewru kala ? Eɗen nana wonde omo heɓa ko famɗi fof miliyoŋaaji 7 ugiyya lewru kala. So tawii ko noon woori, o yerondirtee ko e Angela Merkel, hooreejo leydi Orop ɓurɗo mawnude njoɓdi. Kono eɗen nganndi ɓeen, gaa gaa njoɓdi keɓata ndii, alaa ko keɓata goɗɗum e jawdi laamu, tawi noon, e nder leyɗe men, hooreejo leydi waɗata e jawdi leydi ndi yimɓe fof ndenndi, ko ko mbelaa…


text:
E hitaande 1885, Ferderba (Guferneer Ndar) yamiriino mahgol Foor e daande maayo Senegaal, sara nokku kaaƴe e yoryor mo Felu. Ma larme o ɗuho ɗoon, ƴeewa, etee reena kala ko dillata e saraaji mum. Nde tawnoo golwole Sayko Umaar Taal ene keewnoo e diiwaan he e oon sahaa, yimɓe heewɓe dogatnooɓe mo ɓe ceerataa e yahde mooloyaade sara foor o, e mahde ɗoon cuuɗi kaaƴe e ɓakke, haa ɗum wonti gurel teskinngel.
Ardinoo foor o, hono Foor Madiina Kaasoo, ko Ndaranke jilluɗo, ganndiraaɗo Pool Hool (Paul Holle). Nde tawnoo omo jooɗtorinoo wonde konu Sayko Umaar ma yetto ɓe, Pool Hool mahi tata gooto cowaaɗo laabi ɗiɗi ngam jokkondirde gurel ngel e foor o.
Laamɗo Kaasoo, hono Juka Sammbala, hoɗnoo ko e gurel he, e tata he, ene wondi e yimɓe mum. O hunaninooma Pool Hool wonde alaa fof mo o jebbilantoo, o maayata ko sara mum.
Wonnoo e foor he ko 64 soldaat, heen 11 tan ngoni tuubakooɓe.
Nyande 19 lewru abiril 1857, hoɗɓe e foor he cooynii junngo baafal konu Saylo umaar Taal ene ara, ene tiindii e maɓɓe…
Ñalnde 19 lewru abiril 1857, hoɗɓe e foor he (hono Foor Madiina Kaasoo) cooynii junngo baafal konu Sayko Umaar Taal ene ara, ene tiindii e maɓɓe…
Janngo e mum, fotde ujunnaaji noogaas juulɗo ngari ene tiindii e Foor he kam tata Sammballa o. Ɓe keewaani dille hono no Afriknaaɓe ngaadorinoo. Ɓe ngardi ko cente cente, e nehdi, e deƴƴere… Fotde waktuuji limtilimtinɗi kano ŋaaji e petelaaji soldatee ɓe Pool Hool njulii banngeji keew ɗi e konu Sayko,mbarii heen heew ɓe. Kono, so ɗi pellii tan, koninkoo ɓe Sayko e Alfaa Umaar Ceerno Baylaa keddotoo ko ina njala, ina njoora jalee ɗe, ina ɓeydii yaha tiindaade e tataaji Madiina ! Kala maay ɗo heen ne maayata ko ene moosa. Ngar-mi ngaraa hakkunde konuuji ɗi ɗi ɗi fu ɗ ɗii ko fajiri ene ndaara feerde, joofi ko hedde waktuuji sappo e goo subaka. Tuubakoo ɓe ɓe e koye mum en ceedtiima wonde ko tampere tan dartini koninkoo ɓe Sayko, alaa heen dog ɗo, alaa heen jahtir ɗo caggal, ko tampere tan he ɓtii ɓe, wonaa fooleede ɓe.
Sayko Umaar tawtoraama wolde nde, o wonnoo e saraaji Foor he, e nokku jihtinii ɗo. Hollitaama wonde soldatee ɓe Foor o ndartiima sanne; nde ɓe nduttunoo juul ɓe ɓe laabi ɗi ɗi, yamiraa (woon wiy ɓe ko Sayko yamiri, wo ɗ ɓe mbiy alaa, ko Alfaa Umaar Ceerno Baylaa yamiri) yo Foor o jooke ba ŋ-yoo-ba ŋhoto hay gooto yaltu, ma heege e ŋakkeende kure ngaddan won ɓe toon ɓe jebbilaade.
E maayir ɗe lewru ndu, nguura sa ɗti e nder Madiina, heege fu ɗ ɗii tampinde ho ɗ ɓe heen ɓe. Pool Hool (gardii ɗo Foor o) renndini kala ko heddiinoo e nguura e nder Foor he, o dottani mo woni kala ko foti ñaamde e ñalawma…
E maayirɗe lewru ndu (abriil 1857), nguura saɗti e nder Madiina, heege fuɗɗii tampinde hoɗɓe heen ɓe. Pool Hool (gardiiɗo Foor o) renndini ɗo gootel kala ko heddiinoo e nguura e nder Foor he, o dottani mo woni kala ko foti ñaamde ekala ñalawma.
Puudaar petelaaji fuɗɗii ŋakkude. Yoga e soldateeɓe ɓe alaa ko keddorii so wonaa loowannde wootere. Yimɓe ɓe puɗɗii nattude waawde muñde ñallude e waalde reende tataaji ɗi. Fotde yimɓe 6 000 ɓaleeɓe arnooɓe moolaade sara tuubakooɓe ɓe ina maaya heege e baasal.
Ñalnde 18 sulyee, ko heddinoo e nguura waawatnoo jogaade wuro Madiina tan ko fotde waktuuji seeɗa. Ɗoon tan nanaa piyanɗe kanoŋaaji ina lotta to woɗɗi. Soldateeɓe ɓe fof ndogani ɓale ɗe ina ƴeewa, ina gondi e yaakaare … Ko faabotooɓe ngari, e gardagol Federba. No naane e jooni ɓe njettii. Arɓe ɓe ina pellira bannge, soldateeɓe Madiina ina pellira bannge , dooknooɓe Madiina ɓee ne carondiri baŋ-yoo-baŋ. Federba naati e nder Foor he, humpitii darnde nde yimɓe Foor ɓe ndartorii konu Sayko Umaar fotde balɗe 90 (tuggi ñande 19 abiril haa 18 sulyee).
Nde Federba aratnoo nde ene roontii waraango, o ƴeftori e laawol makko Kumandaŋ Des Essarts garnooɗo faabaade Madiina. Laana makko curi yuwnoo ko e daande maayo ngo, Fulɓe ene njani e makko, omo faawngi, omo felle, omo reento hakke doole makko. Nde Federba arnoo, o waɗi mo e laana curi mbiyeteeka Podoor, ko e makka a maayi e oon kikiiɗe. Joofii.
Tesko : Daartol Wolde Madiina eggaa ko e farayse e winndannde tuubaako biyeteeɗo G, Hardy, e nder deftere Daartol Hirnaange Afrik e njiimaandi farayse (G. Barry, Histoire de l’Afriŋue occidentale, pp. 105-107). Eɗen teskoo heen ɗee geɗe garooje :
– tuubakooɓe ɓe ene njaɓi pellital, e cuusal, e nehdi ene tabiti e konu Sayko Umar, kamɓe fof e añde mo no feewi (en ndiiwii ɗum, en njaltinaani ɗum e firo he);
– kaɓirɗe konuuji ɗiɗi ɗi potaani ; ko noon ne wonande peeje e njiilgu wolde.
– wolde Madiina (19 abiril haa 18 sulyee 1857) ene jeyaa e golwole gadiiɗe ɗe konu Sayku Umar huccini e tuubakooɓe farayse : hikka (sulyee 2008) waɗata ɗum duuɓi teemedere e capanɗe joy e goo (151).
Aamadu Umaar Jah


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Tumhe Chhodake Abb Jine Ko Jee Toh Nahee Lyrics from Basera sung by Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle. This song is composed by R D Burman & Written by Gulzar. Basera movie stars . Basera Releases on 1900-01-01.
Lyrics : Tumhe Chhodake Abb Jine Ko Jee Toh Nahee
Movie : Basera
Music Director : R D Burman
Singers : Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle
Lyricists : Gulzar
Genre : N/A
Tumhe Chhodake Abb Jine Ko Jee Toh Nahee Lyrics
tumhe chhodake ho o o abb jine ko jee toh nahee tumhe chhodake ho o o mar janey ko jee karta hain ho tumhare bina jina marna kaya tumhe chhodake o o yu jine ko jee toh nahee tumhe chhodake o o mar janey ko jee karta hain o o o tumhare bina jina marna kya tumhe chhodake o o o abb jine ko jee toh nahee tere pyar me dil jala toh jala, (teree sans se jism bhee jal gaya -2) tere pyar me jal ke bujhna kya tumhe chhodake o o o yu jine ko jee toh nahee jami pe nahee ham pukaro hame, (chand ho gaye hain utaro hame -2) tum jo nahee chand pe basana kya tume chhodake o o o aab jine ko jee toh nahee aa aa aa....... aankho ne kahee aur juba ho gayee, itni see kasam dastan ho gayee ankho ne kahee aur juba ho gayee, chhoti see kasam dastan ho gayee kahete huye dastan rukna kaya tumhe chhodake ho o abb jine ko jee toh nahee tumhe chhodake ho mar janey ko jee karta hain o tumhare bina jina marna kaya tumhe chodke hoo abb jine ko jee toh nahee ho jee toh nahee - (5)


text:
ol Naange.
Kala ko jogii fuɗɗoode jogoto woortoode, kala ko jibinaa meeɗat nde maayi, Njaana walla Naange e seto mayre daɗataa ndeen fodoore, ɗo e duuɓi milyaaruuji 5 haa 7 naange koko nattata, rooyta ñifa.
Annduɓe koode e ngonka majje ina nganndi won’de eɗe njogii no ɗe puɗɗortoo haa ɗe mboya, ɗe mbewa, ɗe mbaɗa lewlewɗi caasɗi e cagataagal majje, refti heen doole majje wona e ustaade haa ɗe ñifa.
Naange ko hoodere ɓadiinde, ko ɗum tan seerndi nge e koode goɗɗe ɗe, nge duppata ko gaas ina wiyee hidrojeen haa wanta gaas goɗɗo ina wiyee heliyoom, wadde ko heliyoom woni ndoondi koode walla naangeeji, ɗo e duuɓi milyaaruuji seeɗa garooji, so naange gaynii hidrojeen mum, nge wonata ko e fetaade, nge ɓuuta haa nge tolnoo ko ina abboo cowe 200 fotde magge adan.
Ɗoon ɗo nge fetii ɗo, nge wiyetee ko Maamaare woɗeere (Géante Rouge), e petagol naange he, ɗaŋe ɓadiiɗe ɗe fo naantat, nge moɗiraɗe wootere wootere, idatoo yolleede fo ko Ɗiiña (Mercure) refta heen hoodere men yotaande Jaayre, ɗeen ɗaŋe ɗiɗe kam pusat tan njanta e boynirɗe Naange, Ngaawe noon ( woni aduna men o) e Mbaañ (Mars) ina mbaawi daɗde moɗeede kono tan maa cum haa kooña, kala ko wonnoo e dow Ngaawe (Leydi) e maale nguurndam firtoo haa laaɓa, faandu henndu leydi ndu ñoortoo naata e weeyo, maaje pasa ngabboo e weeyo, haa heddoo murlere Leydi e woɗeere coy sabu nguleeki, kaaƴe kala taaya haa ndeeltoo, medoo ngojja sabu nguleeki.
Ɗo naange wonti Maamaare Woɗeere ɗo ronkat deeƴirde noon, aaludere magge mabba hamoo haa famɗita, lare magge keedɗe dow ɗe pusa petta naata e kooyaa weeyo, njogoo mbaadi ruulde mawnde e cooynam.
Won kadi annduɓe wiyɓe yaama ɗaŋe ɗe ndirta ɗo ngoni ɗo ɓeydoo woɗɗitaade naange so wonii e fetaade, kono ɓuri sikkeede kam ko ɗe pirtoto.
ÑIFGOL NAANGE : NGE NATTAT WOODDE DO E … (GANNDO)
ol Naange.
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text:
E binndanɗe men ɗiɗi men ɓennuɗe ɗee, ina njiyii wonde ɗemngal e politik ina njokkondiri no feewi. No geɗe keddiiɗe ɗee nii, laamu (mbaawka politik) jeyaa ko e geɗe ɓurɗe teeŋtude nder nguurndam ɗemngal.
Ɗum firti ko so ɗemngal yiɗii wuurde e ƴellitaade, yo a taw ina laamii, ina jiimi, tee ina jogii nokku mo heerorii. Ngal jogoo mbaawka laamu. Ko noon kadi paamraten wonde ɗemngal ngal jogaaki dowla, ngal ardaaki guwarnama, won ko ŋakkiraa haa heewi.
Ƴeewaa noon, e nder 6 700 ɗemɗe winndere ndee, ko ɗemɗe 83 fat njogii « ndeenka laamu ».
Ɗemɗiyanke kaalno-ɗen dow oo, hono Louis-Jean Calvet, yahii haa wiyi : « ɗemngal maa jogiima mbaawka politik, woni laamiima, maa wonii wonaa ɗemngal ». Ɗum firti ko « ɗemngal ngal laamaaki, suwaa tawo wonde ɗemngal. » Waɗi noon, ko dowlaaji ina mbaawi taƴde fiyaaku ɗemngal rewrude e juɓɓule mum, hono parlemaa, ñaawoore, ekkol, konu, polis, jaayɗe ekn… Ɗuum woni ɗemɗe laawɗinaaɗe.
Ina waɗi ɗemɗe laawɗinaaɗe e dowlaaji keewɗi, kono ɗeen ko seeɗa no feewi. To oon bannge ko engele waawi fof, sibu engal laawɗinaa e nder 56 dowla. Rewi heen ko farayse, laawɗinangal e nder 37 dowla e españool nder 23 dowla. 62 ɗemngal ina laawɗinaa e nder dowla gooto, heen gootal kala.
Ina sikkaa wonde ɗemɗe jogiiɗe fartaŋŋe yahrude yeeso ko ɗemɗe jiimɗe hay so e dowla gooto.
Coftal ɗemɗe « pamare doole »
Ngam wuurde e ƴellitaade leƴƴi pamari (woni leƴƴi ɓurɗi famɗude keeweendi e nder leydi toɗɗaandi), alaa e sago ndaroo, cirŋinoo, ndaranoo yooltude hakkeeji mum en. Ko laabi ɗiɗi tan ngoodi wonande dowlaaji yonta hannde ɗii kala : teskaade e hormaade keewal pine e ɗemɗe walla rewde laawol ndoolndoolaagu baawnugol pinal e ɗemngal gootal juumtowal e pelɓindore.
Coftal ɗemɗe tokoose ɗee noon, fawaaki tan e keɓtingol mum, ngal ɓuri fawaade, hono no mbiyruno-ɗen nii ko e keeweendi haalooɓe ngal ɓee, kam e ngonka caragol maggal e wertallo leydi ɗo ngal haaletee ɗoo. Kono tan kadi, eɗum fawii e laawɗingol maggal no ɗemngal jaŋde e gollorgal nii.
Hakkeeji heɓtinaaɗi
Addani hakkeeji ɗemɗe heɓtineede ko yiɗde reende e hisnude leƴƴi pamari. Binndaaɗe winndereeje keewɗe ina ngoodi to oon bannge. Ko ɓuri heewde e majje ko binndaaɗe fedde ngenndiije dentuɗe (F.NG.D.). Ko Diiso faggudu e renndo F.NG.D. halfinaa ndeenka leƴƴi pamari e haɓde e paltoraaji. Tuggi 1947 faade hannde, binndaaɗe keewɗe cifiima ɗiin hakkeeji e kaan ndeenka. Gila e ‘Bayyinaango huɓtodinngo jojjanɗe aadee’ (1948) haa yettii ‘Nanondiral mumtugol denndaangal mbaydii paltoor leƴƴi’ (1965). E hitaande 1966, F.NG.D. ƴettii binndaaɗe keewɗe : ‘piɓondiral jowitiingal e hakkeeji siwil e politik’, ‘Piɓondiral jowitiingal e hakkeeji faggudu’, ‘Piɓondiral adunankeewal jowitiingal e hakkeeji faggudu e renndo e pinal’.
Winndannde ɓurnde faayodinnde ndee noon ko hawraande tŋ9 ƴettaande e batu kuftodinngu XX (1960), hono ‘Piɓondiral jowitiingal e hakkeeji siwil e politik’. Kuulal 25 ngaal piɓondiral wiyi : « E nder dowlaaji baɗɗi leƴƴi tokoosi, diineeji tokoosi maa ɗemɗe tokoose, yimɓe ɗiin leƴƴi mbaawaa haɗeede jogaade pinal mum en keeringal, walla rewde diine mum en, walla huutoraade ɗemɗe mum en ».
Hakke ɗemngal ɓurɗo ɗaɓɓeede e nder winndere ndee ko hakke dañde janngirɗe keeriiɗe sibu ko ekkol e jaŋde ngoni feere ɓurnde waawde tammbaade nguurndam e ƴellitaare ɗemngal.
Jooni noon hol ngonka pulaar ? Mbele Pulaar ina waawi maayde ɗoo e duuɓi 100 ? Ko ɗee naamne ngaddannoo waɗde ndeeɗoo winndannde.
Jaabawol naamne ɗee nani e nder geɗe cifi-ɗen dow ɗee (e binndanɗe men ɗiɗi ɓennuɗe ɗee) hono ko leefnata ɗemngal e ko semmbinta ɗum. En ngartaa e sarɗiiji kaalanooɗi ɗii kala, kono ma en tesko heen ɓurɗi teeŋtude ɗii :
Ina jeyaa e geɗe leefnuɗe ɗemngal ngal, waasde wonde ɗemngal laamu, hay e leydi ngootiri. Hay so tawii noon e ngal jeyaa e ɓurɗe waawde haaleede. Ɗemngal Wolof, kam fof e famɗude haalooɓe, nde tawnoo laamu Senegaal ina ƴaañi ɗum, ina rokkaa hannde semmbe mo Pulaar alaa : yeru naatgol mum e kelle Google (gila 15 settaambar 2010).
Ina jeyaa semmbe maggal :
– Keewal haalooɓe e caragol : Wonande ndeeɗoo toɓɓere, en cikkaani so Pulaar ina foti hiiseede e ɗemɗe ‘’parwuɗe’’ sibu keeweendi haalooɓe ngal (hakkunde 60 e 70 miliyoŋ aadee). E ngal sarii e nder wertallo yaajngo sanne, so e lefol Saahal ngol no diidorinoo, tuggi geec (bannge hirnaange haa geec bannge fuɗnaange).
– Pulaar ko ɗemngal dowlaaji keewɗi, hay so tawii noon alaa ɗo woni ɗemngal laamingal : Pulaar ina haalee e Senegaal, e Muritani e Mali e Gine Konaakiri, e Gine Bisaawo, e Burkinaa Faso, e Niiseer, e Niiseriyaa, e Gammbi, e Caad, e Sieraa Leyoon, e Beneŋ e Sudaan e Ndenndaandi Santarafrik, e Koddiwaar, e Gaana, e Togo, e Kamaruun. Ko ngal ɗemngal keɓtinangal e huunde e leyɗe ɗo ngal haaletee ɗoo : Muritani, Mali, Burkinaa, Senegaal ekn… Ɗum noon won ɗo ngal jogii ƴaañorɗe laamu.
– Pulaar ina winndaa, tee ina janngee (hay so tawii ko e jaŋde mawɓe) e leyɗe keewɗe. Defte keewɗe ina mbinndee e maggal.
– Pulaar ina jogii ƴaañorɗe kumpital : jaayɗe binndaaɗe (hay so heewaani), rajooji (yoga e dowlaaji ɗo ngal haaletee, haa teeŋti noon e leydi Senegaal …). Ngal jeyaa ko e ɗemɗe Afrik ɓurɗe softude e jaanirɗe kese, ko nanndi e Internet e nder lowe duumiiɗe (pulaar.org, pulaagu.com, peeral.com, tabitalpulaaku.fr, mbiimi.com, mbooyo.com ekn…). Ngal jeyaa kadi ko e ɗemɗe Afrik ɓurɗe woɗɗoyde e firo topirɗe bellitaaɗe (localisation de logiciels libre), kam e firo kelle Google…
– Ɗemngal ngal ina jogii pelle coftuɗe daraniiɗe ɗum, gila e leyɗe ɗo ngal haaletee ɗoo haa e leyɗe hirnaange ko nanndi e Amerik e Farayse, Belsik, Itaali …
– Ngal jeyaa ko e ɗemɗe mawɗe Afrik ɗe Dental Afrik toppitii gootiɗingol mum en …
Ko heddii koo, ko Alla anndi, kono kadi, so ɓiɗɓe leñol ndariima no fotiri nii, kulhuli kaalaaɗi ɗii ina mbaawi waasde laataade. Kadi “ina ŋata, ŋatataa, fof, woɗɗinde koyngal mum tan ɓuri!”
Bookara Aamadu Bah


text:
E tonngoode 147 Fooyre Ɓamtaare suwee 2016 en njaltiniino huunde e eɓɓaande ciimtol Ciimtoowo keeriiɗo Fedde Ndenndiije Dentuɗe (ONU) jillinooɗo Muritani hakkunde 2 e 11 mee 2016, biyeteeɗo Philip Alston (Filip Alston) winndunoo. Faandaare njillu nguu wonnoo ko ɓetde golle laamu Muritani to bannge hare kaaɗtudi baasal kam e ɗooftagol ko hunanii winndere ndee to bannge ɗooftagol jojjanɗe aadee, e dow bismaango Laamu Muritani.
Ina wayi no ciimtol ngol yettinaama Diiso jojjanɗe aadee (ngo Fedde Ngenndiije dentuɗe – ONU) e joɗnde mum 35ɓiire, ñalnde 3 haa 23 suwee 2017. Min njaltinana on heen taƴe ɗe min cikki ɓuri maantinde.
Udditirde
Kuuɓal Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe nde yettinta ciimtol Alstom ngol to Diiso jojjanɗe aadee waɗtii heen konngol mum. Ngal wiyi : “Ciimtoowo oo teskiima wonde, hay so Muritani waɗiino golle maantinɗe to bannge kaɓgol e basal e duuɓi cakkitiiɗi ɗii, ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe mum ina njokki e wuurde nder baasal banngeeji fof, ɓe kaaraani, ɓe njanngintaake, ɓe ndañataa ndiyam ceniɗam, ɓe laaɓaani, ɓe cafretaake. O teskiima kadi wonde hardaneeɓe e ɓaleeɓe leydi ndii ko ɗawaaɓe ma a taw e denndaangal golle laamu, ko ɗawaaɓe e ceŋɗe keewɗe nguurnndam faggudu e renndo, ko ɗuum addani ɓe wuurde e nder baasal.”
Caggal ɗuum ciimtol ngol hollitii wonde golle maggol ina ndewi laawol sibu Muritani siifii kuutorɗe winndereeje ɓurɗe himmude jowitiiɗe e jojjanɗe aadee. Ɗum noon denndaangal jamirooje mum en ina mbaɗɗii laamu mum.
Gila e naatirde ciimtol hee, kanko ciimtoowo oo o hollitii wonde « hedde nayaɓe tati (75%) Muritaninaaɓe ina ngondi e baasal banngeeji keewɗi walla ngoɗɗaani ɗum ».
Keɓgol ndiyam ceniɗam.
Ciimtol ngol idii kollitde ko ine waɗɗii laamu leydi huuɓnande yimɓe leydi mum kala ndiyam ceniɗam. Ɗum noon so laamu waɗii fooraas e nder wuro (yeru), fotaani yiyreede no dokkal nii, sibu ko hakke yimɓe ɓee heɓde ɗuum. Ɗum noon ciimtol ngol hollitii : « kam fof e waɗɗaade laamu nguu huuɓnande yimɓe ɓee hakke mum e keɓgol ndiyam e sifaa duumiiɗo, haa teeŋti noon e nder nokkuuji dowri walla e nokkuuji teeru ɓurɗi waasde », alaa feere laaɓtunde ngu ƴetti ngam huuɓnande yimɓe ɓee oon hakke. Yeru, « e nder nokkuuji dowri ɗi ciimtoowo keeriiɗo oo yettii ɗii, caɗeele ndiyam ko teeŋtuɗe, duumiiɗe » : boyli ɗii ko korooji, maa yimɓe gure ɗee ɓulnoo, pada ko juuti, walla njaha to woɗɗi, maa cooda e coodgu ngu ngalanaa dañal.
Nguura
Ko idii fof, ciimtol ngol siftinii : « Fawaade e baɗɗiiɗe gonɗe e Piɓondiral winnderewal jowitiingal e hakkeeji faggudu, renndo e pinal, ina waɗɗii Muritani ƴettude kuule mbele denndaangal yimɓe wuurɓe e leydi mum ina kisa e heege, mbaawa dañde, ko ɓuri yaawde, nguura njonka ». Ngol jokki les : « Wonande Tuugnorgal nguura winnderewal, leydi ndii ina wondi e ŋakkeende nguura duumiinde tee bonnguuraagu ina yaaji e mum » : e tuugnaade e wiɗto kisal nguura waɗanoongo e sulyee 2015, fotde 26,8% galleeji ina njogoo caɗeele nguura e won e dumunnaaji. To dowri too, oon santaas ina yettoo 34,7%. E nder wilaayaaji Hod Fuɗnaange, Asaaba, Gorgol, Barakna, Tagaante e Gidimaka santaas bonnguuraagu oo diwtii keerol faayre (seuil d’urgence) ngol OMS (Njuɓɓudi winndereeri cellal) dotti ngol.
Nehdi e jaŋde
Ko idii, ciimtol ngol siftinii : « Hakke nehdi e jaŋde firti ko jaŋde leslesre ko waɗɗiinde, nde yoɓetaake wonande yimɓe fof, jaŋde hakkundeere ina foti « huuɓtodineede, yimɓe fof keɓira ɗum denndaangal peeje juumtuɗe haa arti noon e baasgol mum yoɓeede ». Ɗum na firta, « ko e no waawi wonirde fof, kuɓeeje e duhorɗe goɗɗe, e taarorɗe wonande sukaaɓe rewɓe e worɓe, ndiyam ceniɗam, janngooɓe heblaaɓe yoɓeteeɓe njoɓdi moƴƴiri, kaɓirɗe janngirɗe ekn. ina poti hebleede ».
« E nder Muritani, sukaaɓe heewɓe njanngaani jaŋde lesre, njanngaani jaŋde hakkundeere. Deftere limooje jaŋde (2014-2015) Ministeer nehdi e jaŋde ina holliti wonde santaas jaŋde sukaaɓe yettiima 81,1% ».
“So limooje ɗe laamu Muritani kam e hoore mum rokki ɗee ina coklini no feewi boom, eɗen njenanaa santaas goonga oo jaasi ko rokkaa koo. Sibu binnditagol ngenndiwol baɗanoongol e hitaande 2013 kañum rokki ko 47,2% wonande jaŋde lesre e 30,3% wonande jaŋde hakkundeere. Yanti heen ɓurondiral limooje hakkunde Ministeer nehdi e jaŋde e Ofis limooje, ina haani addana yimɓe faayde e sikkitaade ɓetooji limooje laamu nguu rokkata ɗee. »
« E nder winndere ndee, Muritani jeyaa ko e leyɗe gonɗe les e nder leyɗe ɓurɗe jaasde ko ndepistoo e jaŋde… Ɗuum ina waawi faamninde ko waɗi ko 380 ekkol fat e nder 4 430 ekkol lesleso leydi ndii njogii yiite (kuuraa) e 2014-2015. Teko-ɗen kadi, e nder ɗiin ekkolaaji 380, heen 289 ko keeriiɗi. »
Cellal
Ko idii, ciimtol ngol siftinii : « Hakke cellal firti ko naftoraade juɓɓule baɗanaaɗe cellal ɗee fof, nokkuuji e kaɓirɗe mum, sarwisaaji mum e sarɗiiji jojjanɗi kuuɓnugol hakke dañde cellal ɓurngal moƴƴude ngal neɗɗo waawi yettaade. » Kono ngol jokki : « caɗeele jettagol nokkuuji e kaɓirɗe cellal limtaama e cili keewɗi e nder ngoƴaaji yimɓe ɓee ɓurɗi mawnude », haa arti noon e nokkuuji dowri : ko goɗɗugol no feewi cafrirɗe ɗee walla uddugol mum en e ŋakkeende safrooɓe ngaddani “santaas maayɗeele yummiraaɓe jeyeede e santasuuji ɓurɗi toowde e winndere ndee : e wiyde binnditagol 2013, maayɗeele ɗee tolniima e 582 nder 100 000 ɓiɗɗo jibinaaɗo guurɗo”. Maayɗeele sukaaɓe jaasɓe duuɓi 5 njettiima 84,7 maayɗo wonande 1 000 jibinaaɗo guurɗo.
Gaggaaji keeriiɗi
Paltoor hardaneeɓe e ɓaleeɓe Muritani
Ine winndaa e ciimtol hee : « Hardaneeɓe e ɓaleeɓe Muritani alaa fof ɗo njiyetee e denndaangal postooji laamu tamɗi hattan tee ko ɗawaaɓe e yoga e ceŋɗe nguurndam faggudu e renndo. Ɗii goomuuji ɓurii tataɓe ɗiɗi yimɓe leydi ndii, kono faandaare politikaaji deweteeɗi ɗii ko majjinde soklaaji maɓɓe e hakkeeji maɓɓe. Laamu nguu ko caliingu yaltinde limooje jowitiiɗe e keeweendi Hardaneeɓe e Ɓaleeɓe Muritani kam e sarde kabaruuji paatuɗi e won ɗeen ceŋɗe baaɗe no cellal walla nehdi e jaŋde, potnooɗe addande yimɓe waawde ɓetde hol ko saabii ɓee ina ngondi e caɗeele, tawi ɓeya ngalaa caɗeele. »
Ɗoo, Filip Alston tuugii ko e ciimtol 2014 gootol ɗo wiyetee wonde, « e nder 95 depitee Suudu sarɗi nduu, ko 5 fat ngoni heen hardaneeɓe, e nder 56 senateer ko gooto woni heen hardaane. Yanti heen, nder 13 waali ko 2 ngoni heen hardaneeɓe, e nder 53 heekem ko 3 ngoni heen hardaneeɓe ». Ko noon kadi ciimtol goɗngol 2015 hollitiri wonde « 90% e ofiseeji konu ko biidaneeɓe, 7% ko hardaneeɓe, 3% ɓaleeɓe afriknaaɓe ».
Ngol jokkoyi yeeso « Wiɗtooji luggi e jokkondire e muritaninaaɓe heewɓe cemtinaani ɗee geɗe ɗe yimɓe fof kawri e mum en. E wiyde departemaa detaa Amerik, biidaneeɓe e nder yimɓe Muritani fof ko 27%; kamɓe njogii 80% postooji ɗo peeje ƴettetee. Wonande Hardaneeɓe (safalɓe ɓaleeɓe) ɗeen limooje ko 44% e 10%. Wonande leƴƴi worgo Saharaa, Haalpulaar en (18% yimɓe leydi ndii, 8% e postooji), Soninkooɓe (9% yimɓe leydi ndii, 1,5% e postooji) e Jolfuɓe (2% yimɓe leydi ndii, 0,75% e postooji), ko ɓe seeɗa no feewi e postooji guwarnama ɗo peeje ƴettetee. »
Ciimtoowo oo winndii wonde « ardiiɓe laamu nguu ceeraani e wiyde [ɗum] wonde paltoor woodaani e Muritani » e wiyde wonde « limooje dokkaaɗe dow ɗee tuugaaki e ganndal, kono alaa limooje goɗɗe ɓe ndokkata ». O wiyi waɗde « yeddude faayiida iwdi leñol e wiyde wonde ɓiɓɓe leydi fof ina potndaa, tawi noon alaa fof ko mbaɗataa ngam wallitde goomuuji monaaɗi ɗii, ɗuum ko yiɗde ñiiɓnude tippudi ngoodndi ndii ». Geɗe tati ina teeŋtina paltoor : ɗemngal, tippudi jeyi leydi e etaa siwil. Ɗemngal laawɗinangal ko Arab, ngal Muritaninaaɓe heewɓe kaalataa. Ɓe paamataa hay konngol laamu gootol, e, e wiyde Filip Alston « ine newii anndude hol naftortooɗo e hol lorotooɗo e politik baaɗo nii ».
Haala leydi
Ciimtol ngol hollitii mbayliigaaji jeyi leydi baɗaaɗi, kam e kulol ɓaleeɓe leydi ndii wonande mbayliigu 1983 e sariyaaji cawndiiɗi ɗum, jiyraaɗi no feere nde laamu huutortoo ngam loppitde jeyi mum en. Kewkewe baɗnooɗe e leydi hee e kitaale 90 ina maantiniri teettugol e dokkitgol jaajngol leyɗe ndema taccinanooɓe. E wiyde ciimtol ngol « luure jeyi leydi ina ngoodi hannde e nder 100 wuro taccinanooɓe to Tararsa, Barakna, Gorgol, Gidimaka e Asaaba. » Yanti heen, « so a alaa tiitar jeyi leydi, a alaa kartal dentitee, a waawaa heɓde ñamaande ngam soodde aawdi e biiɗnirɗe (engere), tee a daɗaani e riiweede e jeyi maa ko aldaa e lomtingol, tawa riiw maa ko jom en kaalisaaji biidaneeɓe walla Goomuuji mawɗi ummoriiɗi Golf ».
Etaa siwil
E joofnirde, ciimtol ngol teeŋtinii « Hardaneeɓe e Ɓaleeɓe Muritani ɓuri heewde to woɗɗi e yimɓe ronkuɓe heɓde kartal dentitee ngenndiwal, ngal nganndu-ɗaa so a jogaaki ɗum, ina famɗi ko mbaaw-ɗaa waɗde e Muritani ». So a alaa kartal dentitee, a janngataa ekkol, a wootataa, a jeyataa hay huunde, alaa ballal laamu rokkat maa. O fawti heen « paddooje njuɓɓudi laamu keewɗe ndarnaama to bannge sariya e ko tabiti ngam warde ɓalli ɗaɓɓooɓe kaayitaaji heewɓe, hardaneeɓe e ɓaleeɓe ko ɓuri heen heewde. (…) Kono ɓuri loraade e oo yiilto-yiilto fof ko ɓaleeɓe Muritani (wonaa kamɓe tan noon) taccinanooɓe… ɓe kaayitaaji mum en teettanoo walla majjunoo, nde ngarti e leydi mum en kawrii e caɗeele teeŋtuɗe ngam heɓtude kaayitaaji mum en etaa siwil ».
E tonngol, ina jeyaa e geɗe Filip Alston waggini, ko adii lelnugol kala feere kaɓtorde baasal, ina foti leydi ndii jogoo faawru keɓe binnditagol “heɓtinooru jeyegol e leñol”. Ndeen feere ina ɗaɓɓi kadi “diisnondire lugge, goongateeje e yimɓe heewɓe e renndo siwil” ɓe laamu nguu reentii no feewi. O wagginii juɓɓingol “kaaldigal ngenndiwal jowittoongal e jeyi leydi” ballitoowal denndaangal wonduɓe e caɗeele haalde ñawu mum en. Ngaal kaaldigal ina fota yuumtude e “baylugol luggol sariyaaji tippudi jeyi leydi”.
Mbele ngol ciimtol ko juwowol laamu Muritani, hono no pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyeeje ɓalliiɗe laamu nguu mbiyri nii ? Alaa. Ngol hollitta tan ko calagol laamu Muritani feertude gite mum e heɓtinde sababuuji tigi baasal bonngal tudiingal e leydi hee. Heɓtinde leydi ndii ko leƴƴileƴƴinndi, heɓtinde e woppude politik paltoor ngu rewi oo, e sakkude peeje deeƴnirɗe renndo ngoo, rewrude e kaaldigal kuuɓtodinngal e denndaangal gollooɓe politik, e renndo siwil ngam dañanɗe caɗeele ngardiigu leydi peeje juumtuɗe, nanondiraaɗe.
firo e tonngol Bookara Aamadu Bah


text:
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Maande Inikod – Unicode – (maandingol winndereyankeewol) nana ɓurtoo denndaangal maaɗe kuutorteeɗe ɗee kala so ndenndii, huutoreede e internet. Ɗum ɗoon noon yo won to bannge peerorɗe, yo won to bannge kuutorɗe bayɗe no Word walla excel ekn… So o ɗon teskii hade alkule Unicode arde, winndude Pulaar e Internet ina hittunoo. Kono gila ɗe mbaɗti huutoreede, eɗen njejjita nii caɗeele ina ngoodnoo.
Hono no paamraten, kelle internet ina mbaawi huutoraade maaɗe keewɗe, kono yoga e majje ko ɗemɗe seeɗa tan mbawi feeñninde, tawi noon Unicode ina waawi hollitde (nawde) ujunnaaje ujunnaaje ɗemngal, tuggi arab, ƴaaŋan maa sinuwaa.
Nii woni caɗeele ɗemɗe men cafroraa heen. Google kañum, tonngata denndaangal geɗe mum ko e Unicode. Hay so o hawrii e maaɗe goɗɗe, o waylat ɗum o waɗta e Unicode. E nder Unicode akulal kala jogii ko maandorde wootere nde heerorii, e nder ndaɗɗudi (windows, Mac OS, Linuƴ ekn ..) baawndi wonde kala walla e topirde waawnde wonde kala.
Ko faamde ɗum addani yoga e feewnooɓe kuutorɗe internet (peerorɗe walla logisielaaji goɗɗi) huutoraade Unicode mbele ɗemɗe winndere ndee kala (alkule kuutorteeɗe e winndere ndee kala) ina mbaawa feeñde heen. Ko ɗum addani haralleeɓe Internet e gollotooɓe e ƴellitgol ɗem ɗe men jaggirde oo kabaaru, no kabaaru belɗo, belɗo, no feewi.
O ɗon mbaawi yahde ɗo ngam ɓeydaade ƴellitaade heen.
http://hapax.qc.ca/Unicode-quasi-majoritaire.html


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En meeɗaano sikkitaade wonde ɗemɗe Afrik ko ɗemɗe ganndal no ɗemɗe keddiiɗe ɗee fof nii, sibu, ɗoo e Muritani ɗe koolkisanooma e jaŋde lesre, tee denndaangal ɓetooji baɗanooɗi kollitii juumtugol ndeen jaŋde e ɗemɗe ngenndiije. Kono, wonande gannde toowɗe, haa arti noon e hiisa toowɗo, hono ganndal ɓurngal luggiɗde e mettude faamde, hay so tawii eɗen nganndunoo ina aaɓnoo, en cuwaano tawo yiyde ɗum, tee heewɓe ina cikkitinoo gaaɓnogol majjum.
En meeɗaano sikkitaade wonde ɗemɗe Afrik ko ɗemɗe ganndal no ɗemɗe keddiiɗe ɗee fof nii, sibu, ɗoo e Muritani ɗe koolkisanooma e jaŋde lesre, tee denndaangal ɓetooji baɗanooɗi kollitii juumtugol ndeen jaŋde e ɗemɗe ngenndiije. Kono, wonande gannde toowɗe, haa arti noon e hiisa toowɗo, hono ganndal ɓurngal luggiɗde e mettude faamde, hay so tawii eɗen nganndunoo ina aaɓnoo, en cuwaano tawo yiyde ɗum, tee heewɓe ina cikkitinoo gaaɓnogol majjum.
Yo ɓe ceertu e oon sikki. Muhammadu Faliilu Sih yowtanii en ndeen yowre e nder deftere mum “Binndanɗe hiisiyankooje”. Ɗeen binndanɗe noon ko binndanɗe hiisa ɓurɗo toowde, woni yumma mum gannde siyaas kala, ɗum noon, eɗen mbaawi wiyde ko daliilu kaaɗtudi wonde ɗemɗe men, wonde Pulaar, ina waawi loowde gannde fof.
Faandaare Muhammadu Faliilu Sih e ndee deftere ko “weeɓnude ganndal hiisiwal (matematik)” e “wallitde jaŋde ganndal hiisiwal”. Ɗuum woni ko o holliti nde o ari tawtoreede yeewtere waɗnoonde to Ndakaaru yowitiinde e “peelelaagal ɗemɗe Afriknaaje to bannge cifagol no geɗel newnowel margol ganndal : yeru e Pulaar”. Wonaa firo kono ko fulo, woni waɗtude ganndal ngal e Pulaar. E nder ngaal gollal o ɓuri huutoraade ko cañu ngu ɗemɗe men keerorii, haa arti noon e Pulaar, so wonde ɗum en “ɗemɗe pelleeje”, beeɓtinooje cifagol mbaadi “ɓalliiri” geɗe inneteeɗe e ganndal ɗee.
E Pulaar, kala helmere jeyaa ko e fedde, tee ina hasii tawa ko fawaade e keertine ɓalliije walla e mbaadi geɗal joopangal ngal. Yeru, kala helmere jeyaande e fedde “nde” joopii ko huunde murliɗnde, kala ko jeyaa e fedde “ngol” joopii ko huunde juutnde : “ɗumɗoo noon maa newnu paamgol miijanɗe hiisiweeje”, e wiyde Muhammadu Faliilu Sih.
Tonngol deftere ndee
Ndee deftere loowi ko binndanɗe hiisiwe dowrowe. Nde jubbi ko e diiñorɗe silo hiisiwo dowrowo, ko wayi no kuuɓe, juɓɓe, joofgol, ɓetirɗe, pajirɗe, kuɓeyankiwal, potindire, juɓɓuɗe ciifiiɗe, ranngaaji, ekn… Nde yaakorii ko hollude janngoowo nde oo, huunde e kabirɗe siloyanke hiisiwal yowi e dow kaggu mum, woni kabirɗe ɗe oon gollortoo, woni jiyirɗe oon huwtortoo e tayko, e ɓeto, e tonngol won e sifaaji won e fiyakuuji. Nde sañiraa ko yo nde gollin janngoowo oo, so oon dartorii ko faamde nde. Ko ɗum waɗi, so hawrii e tiiɗnaare oon janngoowo, ma o gasnirnde e faamaamuya semmbuka loowdi ndii.
Hol Muhammadu Faliilu Sih
Muhammadu Faliilu Sih jibinaa ko Beelinaaɓe, to Boosoya. Beelinaaɓe heedi ko sara Kayhayɗi, to Moritani. Muhammadu Faliilu Sih janngi jaŋde lesre ndee ko Beelinaaɓe, hakkundeere ndee ko Kayhayɗi, rowrowre ndee ko leydi Faransi. O fannorii ko Hiisiwal, teeŋti e silo hiisiwo, silo yumtungo potindire ceerte keeriiɗe.
Muhammadu Faliilu Sih ko kaɓantooɗo ƴellitaare ɗemɗe afrikeeje. Omo dartorii wonnde ɓamtaare Afrik rewata ko e huwtoraade ɗum ɗemɗe mum. Omo fiɓi wonnde ko leeltini duunde Afrik fof ko ɓitteede ɗemɗe mum. Omo haɓa e ubbitde faayidaaji coomiiɗi e ɗemngal Pulaar, dallinnde mbaawka ngaal ɗemngal gollaade gannde toowɗe kese. O heɓii hollude teskuyaaji dallinooji ɓural ɗemɗe afrikeeje e jaŋtagol gannde, ɗum woni ko e cuuɓndam ɗam pellinagol majje saabii. O winndii deftere hiisiwal dowrowal loownde won e senngooji hiisiwi ceeɓɗi. Rewrankoore, saño kuuɓe, juɓɓe, saño ɓeto, fajoyankiwal, juɓɓuɗe ciifiiɗe, potindire ceertal, ekn… Ɗii fof ko diiñorɗi ngam faamde won e fiyakuuji ɓalliwi, gila e ɓosgal kuuje haa e cifagol won e fiyakuuji cuuɗiiɗi.
Ndeen deftere wiyatee ko « Binndanɗe hiisankooje ». Nde yalti ko ñalnde 7 colte (feebariyee) 2016, to muulirdu “Papyrus Afrique” ndu Seydu Nuuru Njaay to Ndakaaru. Nde winndaa ko e ɗemngal Pulaar.
Fooyre Ɓamtaare


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Yoga e leyɗe duunde Afrik nde ina piɓi mawninde hikka, caggal duuɓi cappanɗe joy, keɓgol jeytaare mum caggal nde ɓoorii tiimaandi Farayse e darorɗe kitaale capanɗe jeegom. Hol to ngoo miijo ummorii ? Ina gasa tawa ɗum ummorii ko to tiimnooɓe ɓe (sabu e Moritani ko nelaaɗo Sarkosii yettini miijo ngo Wul Abdel Ajiiju), to Senegaal kam, ina wayi no ɓeen lelnii tuugnorgal mum en no kebori mawninirde hitaande nde e tee puɗɗiima siynude ɗum.
Duuɓi 50 caggal jeytaare Afrik : ngonka e kappanɗe
Ina jeyaa e ko saabii tiimgol leyɗeele Afrik yiɗde won e leyɗeele Orop hoonaade e aduna oo e gaddanaade faggudu mum en keɓgol ngaluuji tago ko wayi no oogirɗe (njamndi, kaŋŋe, peterol ekn…) mbele ina ƴellita mbaylaaji mum en.
Tiimgol e kalfugol leƴƴi ko huunde ɓooynde e nder renndo aadee en, etee ina teskaa ko heewi heen saabotoo ɗum ko geɗe faggudu, maa wonii ko yiɗde honde ngaluuji janani, walla macciɗinde yimɓe mbele ina ligganoo ɗum (ko ɗum nawi ɓaleeɓe to Amerik, to Antiiy ekn…). Nde wonde yoga e leyɗeele Orop, gila ko ɓooyi ndaranii ko yiylaade leyɗeele ɗe tiimi, haa waɗti won e sahaaji eɗe kawrita e nokku gooto haa ɗum jibina kareeli hakkunde maɓɓe, e hitaande 1884-1885 ɓe pelliti noddondirde e wuro wiyeteengo Berlin(Almaañ) ngam feƴtitaade Afrik, wona gooto heen fof annda keerol mum ɗo haaɗdi e keddiiɗo o. E hitaande 1905 tawi kodenndaangal duunde Afrik nde feƴtondiraama hakkunde Farayse, Engele, Almaañ, Portugaal, Espaañ, Italii e Belsik, ko ɓuri heewde heen ko noon, nawi ɗum ko Farayse e Engele en.
Hay gooto daartantaake kiisgol ndiiɗoon tiimaandi : golle waawnere, bilanka, lempooji, ñallineede e naange, ɓoftude dubuuje ekn… Ɗum ko seeɗa heen tawde en kaalaani tawo warngooji e loppitgol jawɗeele janane e dusgol ngaluuji men tago ngam wayloyde ɗum e isinaaji, ruttoo yeeyta men njeñaari ndi (otooji, abiyoŋaaji, hay laysetaaji jiidaani e nguura …) e coodgu warhoore. E nder hare adunayaŋkoore ɗiɗmere, leyɗeele tuubakooɓe ɗe, teeŋti noon e Farayse e Engele mbaɗi ko « mobburu » ɓofti yoga e sagataaɓe leyɗeele Afrik, ɗe nawi ɗum en mbele ina mballita ɓe e wolde hakkunde maɓɓe e Almañ mo Hitleer, yoga e maɓɓe ko toon keddi, dañnooɓe artude ɓe ngartidi e baasal mum en… Ko e ɗiiɗoo duuɓi battindiiɗi, caggal sippirooji keewɗi pelle daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee e aduna oo, ɓe keɓtinanaa potgol hakkeeji e soldateeɓe Faraysenaaɓe yaadiiɓe maɓɓe e wolde he.
Ñifgol wolde adunayaŋkoore ɗimmere e tiimtaandi kesiri
Ko caggal ñifgol wolde aduyaŋkoore ɗimmere e poolgu maalde haɓɓondirnooɓe (les Alliés) koɓuri teeŋtude e ɓeen ko Farayse, Engeleteer, Amerik, Riis en ekn… ; Ko caggal nguun poolgu dillere hesere naati e nder leyɗeele Afrik e nder aduna oo kala pooɗantooɗo ndimaagu ejeytaare leyɗeele Afrik ɗe ; Nde wonde gila e kitaale 1930 leyɗeele koloñaal en ɗe cuɓtinooma won e sukaaɓe Afriknaaɓe njannginoyi ɗum en e iniwersiteeji mum en ngam huutoroyaade ɗum en ko fayi arde cuuɗi mum en, ko wayi no Jomo Keñataa en (Keniyaa), Kuwaame N’Kurumah en (Gaana), Seŋoor (Senegaal) Ufuwet Buwaañi to Koddiwaar, nde wonde noon ɓeen kumpitiima toon miijooji kesi baaɗi no jeytaare, ndimaagu, demokarasi ekn… ngartiri ɗum e nder leyɗeele mum en. Ndeen dillere alaa ɗo heddi e jookli Afrik haa e duunde Asii. E fuɗɗoode, leyɗeele tuubakooɓe ɗe njattini, mbiyi ina caloo ndeen ɗaɓɓaande, kono nde wonde ɗum yaajii no feewi, etee won e leyɗeele nii puɗɗiima umminande ɗum fiyannde (Alaseri, Enndosiin) jiidaani e murtooji keewɗi, ɓe pelliti deestaade sabu hulde hoto «joorngol sumorde keccol». Eɗen ciftora e oon sahaa Farayse waɗi «referaandoom» e nder leyɗeele ɗe tiimnoo ina naamnoo ɗum en so ina njiɗi heddodaade e Farayse e nder dowla gooto (communauté Française). Ko e oon sahaa kadi, e hitaande 1958, «Non»(Alaa) jaabawol daartiyaŋkeewol ngol Seeku Tuure to Gine jaaɓtinoo Seneraal Deegool jaayteteengol haa e ñalawma hannde oo, wonani Faraysenaaɓe winndannde wonde haŋkati, Afrik ɓoccitiima.
Ko ɗum waɗi, e puɗɗorɗe kitaale 60, Farayse fuɗɗii rokkitde won e leyɗeele ndimaagu mum en : fuɗɗorii ko e GINE sabu jaabawol Deegool e «Alaa» mo Seeku Tuure ko wiyde ɗum, so tawii «njiɗɗon tan ko jeytaare mon, ɓamee» kono noon, ɓamee makko ko gonduɗo e mettere sabu wayi tan kono jokkii heen ko «onon e koye mon». Tuggi Saawiyee haa noowammburu 1960, sappo e jeetati leydi heɓi hoore mum, Muritani ko heen jeyaa.
Tiimtaandi kesiri, ko lolliri hannde «Françafrique» e muuyaaɗe demokarasii e nder Afrik.
Tuggi nde leyɗeele Afrik ɗe keɓi koye mum en haa e darorɗe kitaale cappanɗe jeenay (90), yoga e leyɗeele ɗe ndeeƴaani. Ina jeyaa e ko saabii ɗum geɗe ɗiɗi teeŋtuɗe haa tati :
1-Tiimnooɓe ɓe haa jooni ittaani juuɗe mum en e leyɗeele he, laamɗo jaɓanɗo ɓe, ɓe ƴaaña ɗum, jiɗɗo rootaade ɓe, ɓe njuɓɓina pollugol mum.
2-Caggal wolde adunayaŋkoore ɗimɗmere, ɓuri hoonaade haŋkati e aduna oo ko Amerik e Riisi. Waɗi ɗum ko ɓe mboniraaka no feewi e nder wolde he, ɓeen ne ngoni ko e fooɗondirde aduna oo. Ɗum waɗi e oon sahaa, heewii ko nan-ɗen e nder Afrik : ndii leydi reftii ko Amerik , ndiitoo nananta tan ko Riisi.
3-Dille mawɗe ina peeñi e yoga leyɗeele ɗe, daraniiɗe kaɓtagol tiimaandi kesiri ndi (néo-colonialisme). Yoga e majje ƴoogata miijanteeri mum en ko e miijooji Karl Markse, Leniin e Maawoo Tse Tung. Ko ɓuri tiiɗde e ko ɓe pelirta laamuuji maɓɓe, ko wiyde wonde ko«laamuuji kedditiiɗi tawo e tiimaandi leyɗeele Orop ɗe, laamɓe ɓe ko yeenaaɓe, ko jeytaarende heɓaa ko leydi ƴellitaaki, heege ina lutti tawo sabu en njeñtintaa nguura men, ligganto-ɗen tan ko leyɗeele tiimnooɗe ɗe, ngaluuji men fof ndusaama payraama toon, etee demokarasii woodaani e leyɗeele he… ». Raɓɓinde haala tan, ko waame jeytaare arnoonde e Afrik adanaani ɗum ƴellitaare : faggudu ndu ko ko borji, deeyre dañaaka e nder renndooji he, hay won leyɗeele nanndiraani hakkunde mum en ina pooɗondira keeri (yeru Kameruun-Nijeriya, Libi-cad ekn…), ñamaale pawndirɗe luɓaaɗe e leyɗeele mawɗe walla e baŋkeeji winndere nde, tawii ko ardiiɓe porlata ɗum en, ruttee fawee e dow keeceeje miskineeɓe.
E nder hitaande 1990 hawrii e ƴettugol laamu to Farayse Miteraa lomtiiɗo Jiskaar, yimɓe njaakorii maa wood ko waylii e jotondiral hakkunde tiimnooɓe e tiimaaɓe. Ɓeydi ndeen yaakaare kadi ko kaŋko Miteraa o noddii leyɗeele Afrik gonnooɗe e tiimaandi Farayse kala, o wiyi laamɓe mum wonde « hay gooto e mum en, ko fayi arde, hol to ɗamino e makko ballal so tabitinaani e leydi mum ko wiyetee demokararasii e kormagol jojjanɗi aadee », ɗum waɗnoo kowuro wiyeteengo «La Baule». Gooto e maɓɓe fof nde hooti tabitini ko o haali ko, no yiɗiri, walla kam no anndiri alaa ko bonnanta ɗum e laamu mum (ciftoren demokarasii Maawiya e oon dumunna caggal nde yooɓii pitaali keewɗi e nder leydi he).
Ko laaɓti tan, e dawrugol Farayse e nder leyɗeele Afrik, ɗum noon ko lanndaaji politigi ɗii kala (ñaami ɗi, hakkundeeje ɗi walla nannani ɗi) ko ɓe ngalaa heen giɗo walla sehil, ɓe njiilotoo tanko nafoore maɓɓe. Laamɗo bonantaaɓe so tawii ina danndi nafooje maɓɓe, hay so tawii noonko baroowo yimɓe walla jaɓɓoowo jojjanɗe aadee. Hannde, hay gooto waawaa wiyde ina sifoo mbaadi jotondiral Farayse e leyɗeele Afrik (dipolomasii maɓɓe), kono ina laaɓani yimɓe kam, wonde laamɓe wellitɓe ɓe e ngaluuji leyɗeele mum en fof, e ɓe korsini ɗum en, ko wayi no Gaboŋ, Anngola, Nijeriyaa ekn…sabu petorol mum en, Niseer sabu Iraniyum mum, hay so tawii noon Mammadu Tannja tolsinii demokarasii e nder leydi mum sabu jaɓɓugol doosgal leydi ndi. En njiyii, e hitaande 2009, yimɓe ndoŋku tan yoo darnde Farayse laaɓtan ɗum en kofeewti e kuudetaa Wul Abdel Ajiiju, nde wonde hawri ko e Total (sosiyetee peterol mo Farayse) ina meeroo ɓulli peteroŋ jiytaaɗi e Muritani. E ñalawma hannde o, wayi ko no dowla Farayse alaa dawrugol feewde e Afrik, kono ko dawrugol won ɗeen tuddule mooltiiɗe e laamu ciynata yiɗde mum, ɗum woni ko lolliri hannde «Françafrique». Hol ko woni Françafrique ? Ɗum, kohuunde mettunde huɓindaade sabu wonaa ko laawɗinaa kono so en njiɗii eɗen mbaawi siforaade ɗum no tuddunde renndinnde Afriknaaɓe, Faraysenaaɓe, won e laamɓe leyɗeele e Afrik, julaaɓe ko dagii e ko dagaaki fof (yeru dorog) heewnde jawdi e jotondire ɗe laaɓtaani, daraniinde huutoraade juɓɓule laamuuji mbele ina ƴellita heen fiyakuuji mum. Nehaande tuddunde nde noon woni ko Farayse. Ko ndeen tuddunde hannde haɗi jaaral yeeso e nder Afrik, ko kayre haɗi demokarasii ƴellitaade, artiri kuudetaaji e jaɓɓugol doosɗe leyɗeele e nder leyɗeele men.
Batane demokarasii hannde e nder Afrik ina niɓɓiɗi, sabu sereendu feeñnoondu e fuɗɗoode kitaale 90 ardundu e mooɓondire ngenndi (Conférences nationales), wellitaare to bannge politigi, kormagol jojjanɗe aadee ekn….woni ko e sukkaade, etee woni sabaabu mum ko won e leyɗeele Orop wasiyinooɓe ɗum, tawde teskaama ko kamɓe ngoni wakilaaɓe waɗooɓe kuudetaaji ɓe (Farayse e Espaañ e nder Muritani). Ɗum hannde ko ngoƴa wonannde demokaraat en e ngenndiyaŋkooɓe kala. Ko ɗum saabii batu ndenndunoongu e darorɗe lewru Feebiriyee 2010 to Ndakaaru, ndenndinngu yoga e partiiji luulndo gonɗi e Afrik bannge hirnaange, tawi ko Parti Socialiste (PS) mo Senegaal e Union des Forces du Progrès mo Muritani mbisminoo heen partiiji ɗi. E nder nguuɗoon batu, tawtoranooɓe ɓee fof kollitii faayre mum en e batane demokarasii e nder Afrik, etee ɓe njoopiima heen darnde Farayse nde fooƴtaaki.
Ko goonga caggal duuɓi capanɗe joy jeytaare Afrik, wiyetaake wonde en ɓosaani sabu wonko waylii e leyɗeele men, gila e jaŋde mum, karallagal kesal, safaruuji, jolngooji e peeje kumpital, kono kadi keptinen wonde ina waawnoo ɓurde ɗoon so tawii en loowiino laabi pooƴtiiɗi to bannge ɗowgol renndooji men to bannge demokarasi, e compugol dowla tuugiiɗo e sariya e nuunɗal. Ɗum fof noon waawata aamnaade ko tawa tiimnooɓe en haŋki ɓe ina ngoppidi en e sagooji men e suɓaade ardiiɓe ɓe kooli-ɗen, tawa ko nuunɗuɓe, ngenndiyaŋkooɓe. Ko ɗum waɗi siftorde men hikka duuɓi 50 ko keɓ-ɗen jeytaare men, foti wonande en ko loowgol hoore boowal kesal ngam daranaade ɓural e toowal leyɗeele men.
Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop