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Ina gasa tawa eɗen ndeenoo, tewoo, hakke baawɗe men ; yeru eɗen ndeentoo memde geɗe tunwuɗe. Kono kadi eɗen mema geɗe keewɗe, ko wayi no kaalis, coktirɗe, telefoŋ ekn … tawa en miijaaki sooɗoraade juuɗe men saabunnde ɗoon e ɗoon. Caggal ɗuum memen ñaamde, tokño-ɗen, ñitto-ɗen, ndokken woɗɓe juuɗe…
Ngannden, yoga e geɗe keew-ɗen huutoraade ko cabbuli mborosaaji.
Won heen ɗe kaalno-ɗen ɗoo haala mum en (njegenaawe, sakkosaaji rewɓe), won heen ɗi en kaalaano. Ngarten heen.
Kuutorɗe potɗe sammiteede sahaa e sahaa kala
Paɗe
Ɗum kam ma a taw yimɓe fof ina nganndi paɗe ngonaa sehil senaare, sibu paɗe alaa fof ɗo njaɓɓataa, alaa fof ko ndoondotaako. Ko ɗum tagi ɗe wonde hoɗorde mborosaaji potnooɗi taweede boowal, ɗi ɗe naatnata e nder galleeji, e nder nokkuuji ɓurnooɗi fof laaɓde. Wiɗtooji kollitii wonde paɗe ina keewi roondaade bakteri biyeteeɗo Escherichia coli, e goɗɗi gaddooji ñawbuuli jofe. Tewanaade paɗe noon, wonaa huunde weeɓnde, kono so yimɓe ndeeniima naatnude ɗe nder cuuɗi walla e saraaji ɗo yimɓe njooɗotoo, maa wallit hay so ko seeɗa. Ɗumɗoo noon ɓuri joopaade ko yimɓe ɓe ɓoortataa paɗe damal suudu, naatdooɓe heen nder koɗorɗe, njaɓɓira ɗum en leece ekn…
Coktirɗe
Coktirɗe ina keewi wonde e poos walla e sakkoos ; ɗe ceerataa e juuɗe, kono eɗen njenanaa, miijotooɓe sammitte ɗe, woni seerndude ɗe e mborosaaji, keewaani. Ko goonga, ko ɓuri heewde e coktirɗe peewniraa ko njamndi mbiyeteendi letton (laiton) walla kiri, jamɗe ɗe njaɓataa mboros, kono, ɗum fof e wayde noon, lawƴirde ɗe saabunnde sahaa e sahaa fof, alaa ko bonnata, tee ina wasiyaa no feewi.
Telefoŋ cinndo (portaabal)
Wiɗtooji keewɗi kollitii wonde portaabe ina mbaawi ñawnude. Ɓuri saabaade ɗum ko juuɗe men. Bakteriiji keewɗi ina takkoo e majji. Tawaama, en nder 6 fof, heen gooto ina roondii bakteriiji ummoriiɗi e kuudi. Telefoŋ cinndo ina foti sammiteede sahaa e sahaa fof. So aɗa lawƴa mo, ko nii mbaɗirtaa : ñif mo, ittaa batiri makko, poppiraa mo fatareere leppiniraande dihal cammitoowal, ko wayi ndiyam sawel ekn…
Kafceer
Kafceer fof e heewde wulneede, ina sokli sammiteede ko duumii. Waɗi noon, ko ndiyam gulneteeɗam heen ɗam, nguleeki mum yettotaako ɗo ina wara bakteriiji cabbinooji heen ɗii fof, to fonngo mum kam e gulli mum. Hay so ko laawol gootol lewru kala, eɗi katojini e lawƴireede ndiyam e biineegara : feccere ndiyam e feccere biineegara, lawƴee laabi ɗiɗi haa tati, tawa noon aɗa yigga no moƴƴi lobbuɗi ɗii fof…
Butelaaji ndiyam
Butelaaji baɗeteeɗi ndiyam njareteeɗam kadi ina poti toppiteede no feewi. Waɗi noon ko bakteriiji, haa arti noon e biyeteeɗo Escherichia coli oo, ina njaawi huuraade e fonngo butel oo, teeŋti noon e butelaaji dalli, so lawƴetaake ñalnde fof. Ko ɗum tagi, ina moƴƴi kuutoro-ɗon butelaaji ɗi kunuɗe jaajɗe mbele lawƴugol mum en ina newoo. Ñalnde fof lawƴee ɗi ; kadi sahaa e sahaa fof (yeru yontere kala) kebbiniron ɗi ndiyam mbaɗɗam sawel, ngoppon heen fotde hojomaaji 10…
Darab : (gude berteteeɗe walla cuddaaje)
Ko haalaa e njegenaawe koo fof ina e majje. Njantinen heen tan liiteer warñeende mo ɗaaniiɗo waawi warñude e makko jamma fof. Ɗum noon, ndaɗɗudi e cuddaaje ina poti, yontere fof, wuppireede ndiyam ngulɗam kam e ndiyam sawel (eau de javel).
Njegenaawe
Alaa fof ko loowetaake e njegenaawe, gila e tekke, laaɓɗe e tunwuɗe, haa e cetetine leɗɗe, walla, ko wattindii koo, epoos. Ɗum jiidaa e warñeende aflotooɓe e ñitte mum en, joodi mum en, cukuli mum en, kaakte mum en, tuundi ɓalli mum en, ekn. En mbaawaa limtude fof. Njaafo-ɗon, wonaa yiɗde bonnude ɓerɗe mon, kono, eɗen cikki tan, alaa majjuɗo ko haalaa ɗoo koo. Ko ina abboo e 100 000 ciiri kullon e mborosaaji ina cabbina heen.
E wiyde wiɗtooɓe, ko ina tolnoo e tataɓal njegenaawe baaldeteeɗo, ko koon kullon, won heen na nguuri, won heen nguuraani, walla focco mum en, wondude e tuundi e lare nguru ɓalndu maayɗe, kam e mborosaaji goɗɗi. Ina jeyaa e mborosaaji tawaaɗi heen, mboros bonɗo ina wiyee SARM – mo leɗɗe biyeteeɗe antibiotik alaa ko mbaawi e mum, kam e mboros ina wiyee E. Choli, ɗum jiidaa e wirisaaji keewɗi, haa arti noon e wirus gaddoowo maɓɓo oo, walla sooynamo oo, walla bade.
E fawaade e ko jangtaa koo fof, neɗɗo foti reenirde njegenaawe mum, ko no reenirta coccorgal mum nii, fotaani renndude ɗum hay gooto. Yo yimɓe kuutorto njegenaawuuji moƴƴi, baawɗi wuppaade, tee potɗi wuppeede ko famɗi fof laawol gootol e nder lebbi tati, tawi kadi ina mbaylee hitaande kala.
Sakkosaaji beelneteeɗi : (sakaamen)
Ina woodi huunde heewde mborosaaji e ñoŋkoto, tee, so wontiino ko ciftol, hay gooto yiytataa ! Ndeen huunde noon ko nde rewɓe korsini no feewi. Ndeen huunde ko saakuuji rewɓe mbeelnotoo ɗii ! Ko anndiraa « sakaamen » koo (« sac à main ») woni saak juuɗe.
Wonaa enen kaali, ko wiɗtooɓe kadi kaali ɗum ! Ngoon wiɗto wiyi ko « saakuuji juuɗe ina ɓura jooɗorde sutura heewde mborosaaji ! ».
Hol ko woni e nder saakuuji rewɓe? Alaa fof ko ɓe mbaɗataa heen ! Gila e kaayitaaji, haa e telefoŋaaji, coktirɗe. Ko e nder koon ngeɗon noon ñoŋkoto oo naatata walla takkotoo, mborosaaji ɗii cuuɗotoo, e wiyde wiɗto ngoo. Bakteriiji taweteeɗi heen ɗii, ɓuri heewde e gonooji e hawngooji jooɗorde sutura ! « heen sahaaji, keeweendi majji ina waawi bonde e cellal aadee ». wiɗto ngoo wiyi ko joyaɓal saakuuji ɗii. Ɓe njahii, kamɓe wiɗtooɓe ɓee, haa ɓe ƴeewi geɗe ɓurɗe waawde roondaade mborosaaji ɗii, ɓe tawi ko « kerem juuɗe », e lallitorɗe « cosmétiques» ekn…
Tewaare seeɗa ina waawi wallitde e ñawndude ɗuum : sahaa e sahaa kala yo ɗi poppirte geɗe laaɓɓinooje, nder e boowal kala, kaakel kaalel. Joom mum kadi waɗta hakkille e ɗo joɗɗinta saak mum, reenoo joɗɗinde e leydi walla e nokku mo senaaki no feewi.
- Ko woni Escharichia Choli ?
E. Choli ko bakteri taweteeɗo e dolirgol jawdi ngaaƴtotoondi. So jawdi ndi jaañtii ngel yaltida e dubuuje mum, ngel saroo e diƴƴe e ñaamndu. So neɗɗo ñaamii ndiin ñamri tawi defaaka walla ɓenndaani, ina waawi ngel naata e mum (teewu, kosam ɗam fasnaaka, legimaaji kecci, ndiyam ɓiɗɓe leɗɗe keccam ekn…). Omo waawi kadi raaɓrude ummaade e neɗɗo feewde e neɗɗo. Ɗum na jeyaa e ko addanta yimɓe wasiyeede yo cooɗorto juuɗe mum en saabunnde.
Hol no anndirtee E. Choli tookaaɗo oo fiɗii neɗɗo ? Ɗum fuɗɗortoo ko muus reedu, rewa heen ndogu reedu. Ina hasii joomum sella tawa safraaki boom. Heen sahaaji kadi eɗum waawi wontude ñawu teeŋtungu, joomum waya no tampuɗo nii, ɗaasɗa.
- Hol ko woni bakteri ?
Innde bakteri nde, e lasli, firata ko ɓanel –batonnet-). Baketeri ko kullel baɗngel toɓɓere wootere, nde alaa aaludere. Ɗeɓi wayde tan ko no caawgel nii. Ko kullel ngel wonaa puɗol, ngel wonaa jawdi, Alaa ɗo ngel tawetaaka, haa arti noon e nder neɗɗo. Ko ina tolnoo e ujunere miliyaar (1 000 000 000 000) bakteri ina kuurii e ɓalndu neɗɗo ; Fotde miliyaaruuji sappo (10 000 000 000) bakteri ina e hunuko neɗɗo, fotde teemedere ujunere miliyaar (100 000 000 000 000) ina tawee e tekteki neɗɗo. Ko ɓuri heewde e majji tookaaka, walla nii ina keewani en nafoore. Ina waɗi heen noon tookaaɗi, ko nanndi e gaddooji koleraa ɗii, walla ɗoyru ekn… Bakteriiji ina kuutoree kadi ngam laɓɓinde diƴƴe kuutoraaɗe, walla e peewnugol yaawuraaji e geɗe goɗɗe keewɗe.
Bookara Aamadu Bah


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Ko artiri haala woote 2009 ? Artiri haala woote hooreleydaagu 2009 ko kabaaru caaktaaɗo ñalnde 23 oktoobar, tawi saakti ɗum ko njuɓɓudi mbiyeteendi « Serious Fraud Office », woni nokku kalfinaaɗo ko fayti e nguykaaji mawɗi mettuɗi faamde e yettinde joomum en ñaawoore. Jaaynde mawnde kadi wiyeteende Times ƴettitii kabaaru oo. Ɗum firti tan, ko nattii gaajaate.
Ko artiri haala woote 2009 ? Artiri haala woote hooreleydaagu 2009 ko kabaaru caaktaaɗo ñalnde 23 oktoobar, tawi saakti ɗum ko njuɓɓudi mbiyeteendi « Serious Fraud Office », woni nokku kalfinaaɗo ko fayti e nguykaaji mawɗi mettuɗi faamde e yettinde joomum en ñaawoore. Jaaynde mawnde kadi wiyeteende Times ƴettitii kabaaru oo. Ɗum firti tan, ko nattii gaajaate.
Kabaaru oo wiyi ko muulirde wootere (Smith & Ouzman Limited) wonnde to Angalteer, haroliɗnde to bannge peewnugol kaayitaaji ɗi ñemmbotaako ko wayi no kaayitaaji woote, ndeen muulirde kam e yimɓe nayo nawaama to ñaawirde ñalnde heen sabu mum en tuumeede nguyka e njeenaari e nder peewnugol ɗiin kaayitaaji. Inɗe maɓɓe kamɓe fof mbayyinaama. Nguyka kaa e njeenaari ndii mbaɗi ko hakkunde noowammbar 2006 e desaambar 2010, tee ka toɗɗii ko wooteeji baɗnooɗi e Muritani e Ganaa e Somaali e Kenyaa. Ɗumɗoon noon joopii ko woote 2007 e 2009 fof. E woote 2009, luulndo Muritani ina yenanaa ko ko wujjaa, tee « nguyka kaa woni ko e ɗereeji woote ɗii » kono ronkaa sifeede ; woodi wiyɓe ko doggi woote ɗii njiiɓaa, woodi wiyɓe ko ɗereeji woote ɗii « ñenngaa ! ». So oɗon teskii, e oon sahaa, Abdel Asiis wiyiino gila woote ɗee mbaɗaani, ko ɓennoowo e daawal gadanal, ɓennira fotde 52% ! Ko ɗum woni ko laatii.
Jooɗanii ndeen muulirde e nder Muritani ko biyeteeɗo Karim Reish, joom muulirde wiyeteende CRI kam e jeeyirɗe biyeteeɗe ORCA…
Hikka, CENI ina kumanii toon fotde miliyoŋaaji 10 ɗerewol woote tawi ko e « suuɗaare » sibu rewaani laawol fotnoo rewde ngol, e wiyde « Mauriweb ».
Hikka ne, ina wiyee wonde ɓe komanii (rewrude e ɗereeji ɗii) ko 80% wonande woote depiteeji e meeriiji. « Kumanii » oo, firti ko muulirde ndee feewnirta noon ɗereeji ɗii, tawa so daaɗe ngarii e limeede, ɗi njaltinta ko hakke 80% ɗereeji gootanɗi UPR… Ɗuum so laatiima, heddiiɓe ɓee fof pecca 20% : feccere fowru bonnde !
E hitaande 2006, ɗerewol woote fof soodaa e maɓɓe ko feccere dolaar (150 buuɗi men) tawi jarata e goonga ko 0.05 dolaar (15 buuɗi men), ɗum noon, fotde 135 mbuuɗu ina ɓeydaa heen. So en kiisiima, miliyoŋaaji 10 ɗereeji ganniyaaɗi soodeede toon hikka ɗii e nguun coggu (so ɓeydaaki boom), ina ɓurti fotde miliyaar e 350 miliyoŋ ugiyya, mo hay gooto anndaa hol e poosuuji hee ɗo jogori naatde !
So tawii ko noon, taƴiiɓe woote ɓee pelnaaki !
Binndanɗe caaktuɗe kabaaru oo :
– jokkorde adannde
– jokkorde ɗiɗmere (Times)
Bookara A. Bah
Huunde e senerooji Muritani

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Ciftoren seeɗa taariik. Sawuud e Kataar ko leyɗeele aarabeeɓe gonɗe e nokku lollirɗo « Golf arabik » walla « Golf persik » walla mbiyen sorfundu aarabiiru to fuɗɗaange hakkundeejo. Leyɗeele cattiiɗe sorfundu kala, gila dawaaa dawi njuɓɓiri ko no dowlaaji gaadanteeji nii, ko « Emiraaji » tan, mbaadi dowla keso ari e majji tan ko jamaanu tiimaandi koloñaal, teeŋti noon e ndi Enngele ndii. Dowlaaji Golf ko jeeɗiɗi : Kuwoyt, Iraak, Bahreyn, Omaan, Kataar, Sawuud e Emiraaji arabeeji dentuɗi. Ɗiiɗoo dowlaaji kala ko aarabeeji, yoga e majji nii iwdi mum en ko kaanaŋkeeri Otomaan wonnooɓe e oon sahaa e les tiimaandi Turk en ko adii tiimaandi koloñaal. Dowlaaji ɗii kala faggudu mum en ɓuri tuugaade ko e petroŋ. Ko ɗuum alɗini ɓe hay so tawii noon eɓe njarribii geɗe faggudu goɗɗe, ko wayi no njulaagu, baŋkeeji, fiyakuuji faggudu goɗɗi ko ɗum addani e ngaal banngal Bahrein ɓurde alɗude e dowlaaji keddiiɗi ɗii. Sawuud noon hoonorii e leyɗeele goɗɗe ɗee ko ɓurde ɗum en yaajde e wonde ɗum fedde baafal leyɗeele juulɓe (ko toon woni hajjirde juulɓe sabu ko toon suudu kaaba sompaa, nulaaɗo lelii). Ɗum fof ina rokki Sawuud martaba e nder leyɗeele juulɓe kala.
Golwole Golf. Ina teskini noon gila e koonagol Amerik e nder aduna oo e fuɗɗoode teeminannde noogasiire, hakkille Amerik ina hucci e oon diwaan no feewi, teeŋti noon to bannge faggudu petroŋ e compugol tuddule mayri koonu ngam hanndaade yoga e aduna oo. So eɗen ciftora, golwole mawɗe mbaɗii e nokku hee : hakkunde Irak e Iraan, laabi ɗiɗi hakkunde Amerik e wallidiiɓe mum e Iraak. Kala heen wolde junngo Amerik inan heen so tawii nii wonaa kañum woni e lammba hee. Wolde hakkunde Iraak e Iraan e kitaale 80 ko amerik ngemmbi Iraak e gardagol Saddam, rokki ɗum kaɓirɗe yo yan e Iraan, ina anndaa noon e oon sahaa, luural mawngal ina joli hakkunde Amerik e Iraan e gardagol Khumeyni.
Kono caggal ɗuum kadi, nde wonde Iraak haawtiima mbaawka mum to bannge konu sabu kaɓirɗe heɓnoo e Amerik, felliti maapoyaade leydi Kowoyt, waɗta ɗum e njiimaandi mum. Ko ɗuum ɗoon saabii “wolde golf” adannde (1990-1991) hakkunde Ameriik e Iraak. Wonaa giɗli Ameriik e Kowoyt tolnii ɗoon, kono ko nafooje maɓɓe ɓe ndaɗndoynoo gila e boyli petroŋ haa e tuddule maɓɓe koonu kono kadi ko yiɗnoonde helde gerñe Iraak puɗɗiiɗo heewde doole e nokku hee, tee kadi ko ɓooriiɓe e juuɗe maɓɓe.
Ina jeyaa kadi e caɗeele nokku golf oo luure hakkunde leyɗeele ɗee jowitiiɗe e laabi diine lislaam : hakkunde Siyiit en e sunniit en, luural taweteengal e yoga e leyɗeele golf ɗee kono ngal ɓuri doolnude fof ko hakkunde Sawuud e Iraan, nde wonde ɓeen ngonaa aarabeeɓe kono ko juulɓe, keewal iraannaaɓe ko siyiit en, ko ɓeen kadi tami laamu nguu, Sawuud ko sunniyankooɓe hooniiɓe e laamu Makka.
Luural hakkunde Sawuud e Kataar. Ko ngooɗoo weeyo to bannge politigi ɓuri teeŋtude e leyɗeele golf kono e e ooɗoo sahaa leyɗeele Sawuud e Kataar ina luurdi haa ko ɗum jibinii taƴondiral hakkunde dowlaaji ɗiɗi. Hol ko aldi ɓe? Sawuud ko ko tuumi Kataar wonde ko kañum ƴaañi goomuuji innitortooɗi lislaam ownooji hakkillaaji e nder aduna oo, Kataar ina riiwti ɗum. Kono ko teskoto-ɗen e ooɗoo mudda, ɓooyaani ko laamɗo Amerik Donald Trump ummi Sawuud etee ko e oon mudda leydi Kataar holliri weltaare mum e toɗɗagol laamɗo keso to Iraan, huunde nde welaani Donald Trump e laamɗo Sawuud. E miijo ɗeen leyɗeele ɗiɗi hannde ko Iraan woni ƴañgal tiiɗngal ownooɓe (teroriste en) hannde gaa gaa luural to bannge diine hakkunde Iraan e Sawuud, ɗum ina waawi wonande Sawuud daliilu laabtuɗo e ko tuumi ɓe koo. Ina wiyee kadi ko adii nde Donald Trump wonata laamɗo Amerik heɓiino yillaade Kataar sabu fiyakuuji mum keeriiɗi ko yowitii e njulaagu (sabu ko o jula mawɗo e nder Amerik) kono a dañaani e oon sahaa sago makko sabu leydi Kataar jaɓaani wellitde mo e golle ɗe o ummaninoo ɗee. To bannge ownugol hakkillaaji ko goonga yimɓe heewɓe ina teskii wonde balle pelle ownooje hakkillaaji ndañata, ummortoo ɗum en ko e leyɗeele Golf ɗee teeŋti noon e Kataar kono noon e ngal bangal leydi Sawuud hisaani heen. Yeru, ɓurnoo tampinde aduna oo ko Ben Laden jeyaaɗo e leydi Sawuud galo maantinɗo e nder leydi walla nii mbiyen kooreeji mum fof ko alɗuɓe, amo jeyaa e ɓurnooɓe tampinde Amerik, ko kanko saabinoo njanngu Amerik e hitaande 2001. Ko woni goonga koo, Dowlaaji ɗii e koye mum en mbaawaa tuumeede ko kam en mballata ownooɓe ɓee kono ko yontaaɓe leyɗeele ɓee, teelɗuɓe tawa ko jom jawdi en keewi rokkude ɗeen pelle ownooje jawdi ndi mbaɗirta bonannde mum en. Ina teskini ko ɓeen teelɗuɓe keewi neldude balle keewɗe feewde e pelle diiniyankooje gollotooɗe e nder leyɗeele men, ina jooɗtoraa ɗum fof ko laabi no lislam sarorii e nder aduna oo, moyyo heen oo e mo ownooɓe en kuutortoo oo.
Ballal Kataar e njanngu pelle ownooɓe to Maali jaaytaama e oon sahaa haa leydi Mali ɗeɓi yantude e njiimaandi maɓɓe. Ɗum firti tan ko tuumi Kataar koo ina waawi tuumde Sawuud, ko ɓuri sikkeede ko addi luural maɓɓe ko ko Kataar duwanii laamɗo Iraan koo, huunde muusnde Amerik etee ina laaɓi Sawuud ko sibooru Amerik wonnoo hannde kadi ɓuri gila Donald Trump jooɗtii e jappeere hee.
Ndaw katantaagal e ko Moritani koo ! Ko haawi en kay ko hol ko addani laamu Abdel Ajiiju taƴondirde e Kataar sabu tan Sawuud taƴondirii e mum ? Woownoo ko so leyɗeele juulɓe luurdii, leydi juulɓe keddiindi doga e maslahaa hakkunde joomum en (no koyɗe leydi Gine yiɗi dogrude hakkunde maɓɓe nii) mbele ina mbeldita kono wonaa duuñtude jayngol haa luural ɓeydoo. Ko ɗum waɗi katantaagal Moritani no “dawangal kogga” won ko soomi (dawangal kogga yiynoo ko bamɗi ina ndimndee woni e tuuɗde). Ina jooɗtoraa ko jotondire keewɗe gonɗe hakkunde Moritani e Sawuud tuugiiɗe e jawdi caabii ɗuum haa ɗum ɓurtanii ɓe ko ɓe kebatnoo e Kataar, yeru Opitaal Butelmiit walla koɗorɗe ɗe ɓeen mahantunoo Moritani to Jidrel Mohgen (e nannalla ɗum dartinaama). Hay so tawii darnde leydi Senegaal ina hakkindii, hay so faamnanaaki won e yimɓe sabu Senegaal nodditii jooɗaninooɗo ɗum toon, darnde Moritani e Komoor ɗee ko ɓurtuɗe.
Baɗte ndeen darnde fuɗɗiima feeñande leyɗeele ɗee sabu leydi Kataar ƴettii kuulal wonde kala ummotooɓe e ɗeen leyɗeele “ndokketaake yamiroore naatde leydi Kataar” hay so tawii ɓe mbiyii kam “ɓe ndiiwataa hay gooto” wonande wonnooɓe toon ɓee, Senegaal kam maa ɗum lor ɗum no feewi (so tawii kay ɓe njettiima taƴondiral) sabu yoga e jom jawɗeele mum ina njotondiraa toon tawi heddiiɓe ɓee kam kaalaaka.
Yoga e ɓesngu Moritani ina mettini no feewi e taƴondiral e Kataar ngal sabu ɗum yahdaani e nafoore leydi ndii, ɗum yahdaani e hakkille jotondire moƴƴe ndi leydi ndii jogii gila nde sosaa. Jotondire hakkunde dowlaaji foti tuugaade ko e nafooje ɓesnguuji mum en e jokkere enɗam fotnde wonde hakkunde leyɗeele juulɓe waasa wonde jotondiral “heɓi dawnaagu” tawa joomum hiisotoo tan ko dañal keɓeteengal heen ngal.
Gelaajo


text:
Jaaynde ina wiyee Guinée360 yaltinii winndannde tiitoriinde « 10 ardiiɓe e fulo Facebook » Jaaynde Muritani wiyeteende CRIDEM ƴettiti ɗum e tiitoonde « E nder ɓeen 10, heen 4 ko Muritaninaaɓe ! ». Waɗde ko fartaŋŋe wonande Fooyre Ɓamtaare kam ne ƴettitde heen huunde ngam hollitde on holi ɓeen 10 e hol to golle ɗee njahrata e oo sahaa jooni. Ɓeen 10, ko ɓeeɗoo :
- Saajo Bah jeyaa ko Siyeraa Leyon. O janngi ko e duɗe Libaan e Hollande. Ko o neɗɗo daraniiɗo Pulaar ko ina ɓura duuɓi sappo.
- Ibraahiima Malal Saar ko Muritaninaajo puɗɗuɗo eɓɓaande firo ndee. Ko o ɓooyɗo no feewi e golle pulaar, o alaa ñaamdu, o alaa yardu, so wonaa Pulaar. Omo limtanee tafngo alkule Pulaar kuutortenooɗo ndeen, ko adii nde o tafata tappirde, e jeyeede e firɓe Mozilla-firefox, eko wonaa ɗuum tan. Kanko yiilata lowre internet pulaagu.com, wootere e lowe pulaar idiiɗe…
- Bookara Aamadu Bah ko muritaninaajo kam ne, kalfinaaɗo kumpital FƁPM. Omo jeyaa e e firɓe kelmeendi ndaɗɗudi Mozilla to mozilla.locamotion.org. Kanko woni hooreejo caaktugol Fooyre Ɓamtaare, yiilata lowre pulaar.org, jogii duɗal karallaagal kesal FƁPM. O tafanii Fedde ndee tappirde pulaar…
- Nayaɓo oo ko ɗaɓɓuɗo yo geɗe mum cuuɗe.
- Al Hajji Buubakara Bah oo ko jaaynoowo ginenaajo gollotooɗo e geese (web) ɗo o jogii lowel (Blog) omo yaltina heen binndanɗe fulɓe (jime diine Lislaam) Fuuta Jalon.
- Rafiu Bah kañum ne ko ginenaajo, sanɗa to Ahmadiya Muslim to Siyeraa Leone.
- Bookara Kan ko senegaalnaajo. O ɓooyii e daranaade Pulaar gila ko o cukalel. E nder ɗuum o woniino hooreejo Feede elewaaji fulɓe Liisee Limaamulaay to Ndakaaru (1994), hooreejo Fedde KAWRAL sanɗaaji haalpulaar en to duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde “Gaston Berger” to Ndar (1996). Ko o yimiyanke, piroowo kadi…
- Mammadu Mbaay kadi ko muritaninaajo koɗɗo to Libreville (Gabon).
- Tafsiir Balde ko sanɗa ginenaajo gonɗo to Maruk. Ko o daraniiɗo no feewi ɓamtaare ɗemngal Pulaar rewrude e karallaagal kesal, seede mum ko lowre internet pulaar wiyeteende misiide.net
- Hammadi Jah ganndiraaɗo Takiyullaah Jah, ko muritaninaajo karallo toowɗo ko faati e mbaylaandi. Yiɗde makko e Pulaar ine seedtini. Hammadi ina limtanee binndanɗe keewɗe ganndal (ganndal weeyo e karallaagal) tawi ko e pulaar ɗe o saaktata e bolog mo o yiilata to skyrock.com.
Wonande ko ɓe ngollii haa oo sahaa e firo hee, ƴettiten no Facebook e hoore mum hollitiri ɗum e lowre mum ñalnde 24/12/2016, waktu 22ɓo e hojomaaji 28. Waɗi en teeŋtinde ñalngu nguu, ko geɗe ɗee ko baylotooɗe fawaade e coftal firooɓe ɓee….
Ciftinen tan en mbiyiino ko Pulaar woni ɗemngal 101-ɓiiwal Facebook, ɗemngal Afrik 6-ɓal naatde Facebook.
Bookara Aamadu Bah


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So tawii wiɗtooji tuugiiɗi e ganndal siyaas (ɓarakke ƴiƴe hoore kam e ADN) kollitiino ko ɓooyi wonde ko Afrik woni mbootu winndere, ko ɗoon aadee e mbaydi mum hannde ndii idii hoɗde, hade mum uujde feewde duuɗe keddiiɗe ɗee, hannde, wiɗtooji to bannge ɗemɗe ko hono ɗuum ngoongɗini : mbootu denndaangal ɗemɗe kaaleteeɗe ina yaakoraa woni ko e Worgo Afrik (seerndu ɗum e leydi mbiyeteendi Afrik worgo).
So tawii wiɗtooji tuugiiɗi e ganndal siyaas (ɓarakke ƴiƴe hoore kam e ADN) kollitiino ko ɓooyi wonde ko Afrik woni mbootu winndere, ko ɗoon aadee e mbaydi mum hannde ndii idii hoɗde, hade mum uujde feewde duuɗe keddiiɗe ɗee, hannde, wiɗtooji to bannge ɗemɗe ko hono ɗuum ngoongɗini : mbootu denndaangal ɗemɗe kaaleteeɗe ina yaakoraa woni ko e Worgo Afrik (seerndu ɗum e leydi mbiyeteendi Afrik worgo).
E tuugnaade e wiɗto ganndo biyeteeɗo ‘Quentin Atkinson’, wiɗto bayyinaango e jaaynde (lollunde to bannge ganndal ttw), wiyeteende «Science», denndaangal ujunnaaje jeegom (6 000) ɗemɗe winndere ndee, calti (ummii) ko e ɗemngal bajjal ngal yimɓe Afriknaaɓe idiiɓe, kaalatnoo, ko ina wona jooni duuɓi capanɗe joy haa capanɗe jeeɗiɗi ujunere (50 000 haa 70 000 hitaande). Habri ɗum ko jaaynde wiyeteende ‘The Wall Street Journal’.
Wonande jaaynde ‘The New York Times’ ngoo yiyto ina haawnii. Nde tawnoo kelme ina njaawi waylaade, annduɓe ko fayti e ɗemɗe ina keewnoo wiyde mbaawaa woɗɗoyde no feewi e sahaaji ɓennuɗi ngam faamninde won ɗeen geɗe jotondirɗe e ɗemɗe. Haa e ñalawma hannde oo, «asko ɗemngal» ɓurngo juutde ɓuraani duuɓi 9 000. Ngoon woni asko suudu ɗemɗe «inndo-oropnaaje» (Farayse e Engele e yeru, ko e nduun suudu njeyaa). (…)
Wiɗto Atkinson ngoo noon toɗɗii ko kite (phonèmes) (ɗum woni alkule muume e laaɓɗe kam e baaruuji (tons) sibu mum en wonde geɗe ɗemngal ɓurɗe famɗude, ceerndooje hakkunde kelme ɗiɗi).
Ngo tuugii kadi ko e fiɓnde wiynde «so tawii yimɓe seeɗa ceegiima dental ɓurngal ɗum en mawnude, ɓe ngonata tan ko e seertude e donaaɗi e keertiiɗi ngaal dental». E wiyde Atkinson, ndeen fiɓnde ina waawi tabitineede e ɗemɗe (ina waɗi ɗemɗiyankooɓe ɓe njaɓaani ɗuum).
Nde o wiɗti 504 ɗemngal, Aktinson teskii ɗemɗe ɓurɗe heewde gowlaali ko e Afrik ngoni, ɗemɗe ɓurɗe famɗude gowlaali ɗee ngoni ko Amerik worgo kam e nder duuɗe Pasifik tolniiɗe e ŋori. Ɗum firti ko yimɓe ɓee ina ɓeydoo woɗɗude Afrik tan, gowlaali ɗemɗe maɓɓe ina majja.
(…) Aktinson yuurnitiima no feewi ɗemɗe kuutortooɗe «kilikaaji» (ɗum woni dille ɗemngal walla toni tan, tawa jofe naataani heen).
Ɗemɗe kaaleteeɗe to Worgo Afrik (Botswaana, Namibi, diiwaan Kap Rewo to leydi Afrik worgo, worgo Anngolaa), hono ɗemɗe Khoïsan, ko ɗee ɗemɗe kuutortoo haa hannde baar «kilik».
Wonaa keeweendi «kilikaaji» e ɗeen ɗemɗe woni ko maantini ko, alaa. Faayiida oo woni ko baasgol ɗemɗe keddiiɗe ɗee waɗde ɗiin baaruuji (kilikaaji). So tawii ɗeen ɗemɗe (ɗemɗe khoïsan ɗee) ɓuri keddiiɗe ɗee kala heewde baaruuji, eɗen mbaawi miijaade wonde ɗemɗe keddiiɗe ɗee kala ko e majje calti.
Sohini Ramachandran, ganndo gonɗo to Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Brown (to Amerik) biɗtoowo ko fayti e baylagol ciiri aadee en (évolution) wiyi : «Ko miijo teeŋtungo. Ɗemngal ko huunde waylodtoonde e ngonka no feewi. Ko ɗum tagi, ina faamnii so wiyaama wonde ko ɗemngal gootal woodnoo hade yimɓe ummaade e Afrik caroo e winndere hee. Ɗumɗoo kadi ina goongɗini no haanirta nii wiɗtooji men ɓennuɗi ɗii. Ndeke silsil baylagol innama aadee ina waawi jogaade mbaydi pinal ».
Bookara Aamadu Bah
(Ƴoogirde : slate.fr)


text:
Ñalnde 6 e 7 mee 2017, Mozilla yuɓɓinii gollordu nokkuɗinal to Paris. Goomuuji nokkuɗinal keewɗi tawtoraama kewu nguu. Arannoo toon goomu Pulaar/Fulfulde ko Ibraahiima Malal Saar (hooreejo goomu) ummoriiɗo to Havre (Frayse) e Bookara Aamadu Bah (Muritani) e Mammadu Buubu Ñaŋ (Senegaal) e Bookar Kan (Pari).
Geɗe keewɗe kollitaama e gollordu hee, ko wayi no silsil noƴƴingol golle nokkuɗinal ngal kam e kuutorɗe firo goɗɗe. Kabaruuji keewɗi jowitiiɗi e Mozilla ndokkaama heen kadi. Yarlitiiɓe ɓee (sibu golle Mozilla tuugii ko e yarlitaare) keɓii heen humpito keso, mbaawii kadi wotondirde miijooji.
Nokkuɗinal woni ko wiyetee e Farayse “localisation”, walla «localization» e Engele. Nokkiɗinde woni waɗde feere mbele loowdi mbaandi no topirɗe (logiciels) ina yahda e pinal nokku toɗɗaaɗo, gila e waɗtude ɗum e ɗemngal oon nokku haa e feeñninde heen geɗe mum pinal goɗɗe (limlebbi, ɓetirɗe, kaalis e geɗe keeriiɗe keewɗe goɗɗe.)
Localisation walla localization ina ñonngiree nii : L10n. Limoore 10 wonnde hakkunde “L” e “n” ndee, maandini ko limoore alkule gonɗe hakkunde aklulal gadanal e cakkital helmere ndee. Ɗum noon, so en ndewii ngaal doosgal, ko nii nokkuɗinirten helmere ndee e Pulaar : N8L sibu, nder helmere “NokkuɗinaL” ndee, ko alkule 8 ngoni hakkunde N (alkulal gadanal) e L (alkulal cakkital).
Bookara Aamadu Bah


text:
Peeje joy paddagol
29 oktoobar 2019 wonnoo ñalngu winndereewu aksidaa ɗaɗ-nganndiijo walla mbiyen peral ɗaɗ-ngaanndiwal (AƊN, ko anndiraa AVC). E nder ɗuum, jaaynde ganndal wiyeteende Sciences et Avenir jokkondirii e haralleeɓe gollotooɓe to sarwiis ɗaɗi Opitaal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Brest (Farayse) ngam hollitde on peeje paddorɗe ñawu nguu.
Hol ko neɗɗo foti waɗde so tawaama ɗo AƊC (AVC) heɓtotoo neɗɗo ?
Maale AƊC ko ɗeeɗoo : goofɗugol, leefre walla jaaɗo bannge, walla feccere e ɓalndu ; bappagol hunuko e caɗeele kaalgol ; ngumndam yitere wootere, jiilol, duybiduybingol, muus hoore caɗtuɗo mo aadoraaka. So wootere e ɗee maale walla keewɗe e majje keɓtiima neɗɗo ɗoon e ɗoon, joomum ina foti yahde ko yaaccii opitaal, mbele ina yaawa toppiteede, sibu ɓuri moƴƴude fof ko yaawde toppiteede. No ñawɗo oo ɓuriri yaawde toppitoreede fof, ko noon ɓurirta waawde e yaawde sellirde.
Hol safaara ñawɗo oo waawi rokkeede ?
Peeje cafrirɗe ɗee ko ɗiɗi. Yeru, to Farayse, gila 2003, torommboliis (thrombolyse) ina huutoree ; gila 2015 torombektomi (thrombectomie) yanti heen. Toromboliis oo ko naatnirde (pinngude) ɗaɗol gartol ñawɗo oo huunde saaynoyoore heɗɗere ƴiiƴam sukkiinde e ɗaɗol hoore ngol. Kono ndee feere waawi huutoreede tan ko so ñawɗo oo arii law (e nder waktuuji 4 e feccere caggal nde ɗum heɓtii ɗum ndee). Torombektomi sakkitii waɗtude huutoreede : ndee feere ko ɓuucaade heɗɗere sukkunde ɗaɗol ngol, rewrude e ɗaɗol cukkingol ngol. Ɓuucirtee ko kateteer tokooso. Ndee feere ina waawi huutoreede e nder waktuuji 6 dewɗi e maale gadane ñawu nguu. Jooni noon ɓuri yiɗeede ko waawde rokkude ñawɗo oo safaara baawɗo reende (hisnude) ngaanndi janɗo oo hade wootere e peeje kaalaaɗe dow ɗee huutoreede.
Hol no AƊC reentortee ?
Wiɗtooji kollii wonde 90% e AVC ina njokkondiri e geɗe 10 garooje ɗee :
– Nabbugol taasiyoŋ
– Simme ;
– ɓalndu (ɓuttiɗgol) ;
– ŋakkere dillugol ;
– ñaamdu ndu moƴƴaani e cellal ;
– kolesterol keewɗo ;
– geɗe hakkille-renndoyeeje (haaɓre, yejo, sunaare),
– ñawbuuli ɓernde ;
– njaram (sanngara) ɓurtuɗam;
– jabet.
Tesko : Ñaamde moƴƴundu e cellal ko ñaamde no moƴƴi ɓiɓɓe leɗɗe keewɗe, legimaaji e ɓiɓɓe mum en, gabbe, kuɗooji uurɗi ekn. ko ñaamde hakindiindu kocce e ɓoccooɗe e liɗɗi e famɗikinaade e teewu mboɗeewu.
Bookara Aamadu Bah


text:
deftere quraan haram madina hitaande 1431h
kartal renda
tiitoonde: deftere quraan haram madina hitaande 1431h
huunde rabbinaande: deftere quraan haram madina hitaande 1431h
anda wawindoum jippinde e portablema e xaralaaji kesindi
1431handa wawindoum jippinde e portablema e xaralaaji kesindi
anda wawindoum jippinde e portablema e xaralaaji kesindi
1431handa wawindoum jippinde e portablema e xaralaaji kesindi
taariika naatnugol: 2014-06-17
naatirde sowaande: http://IslamHouse.com/658614
Cette carte est également disponible en traduction: arabi - turki naajo - eguri naajo - frans naajo - uzbeki naajo - tayland naajo - almani naajo - kurdi naajo - bangali naajo - bosni naajo - portigalnaajo - espan naajo - albani naajo - engele naajo - fietnam naajo - urdi - holand naajo - faarisi - polonie naajo - riss naajo - endenosi naajo - malyalam - indo naajo - daajaki naajo - nipali - telugu - tamili naajo - serbian - yoroba - filipiin naajo - siin naajo - soomali naajo - bambara - sawahili naajo - Sonnki - Matey - akaani
laar hangkadi ( 1 )


text:
Kala ɗo neɗɗo lemii e taariindi walla neesu (nature) so o ndaartindiima no moƴƴi walla o luggiɗiniima heen miijitogol makko, ma o yiy heen walla o tawa heen kaawise walla kaawniiɗe. Nde tawnoo huunde kala ene moofti sirlu, sirlu goodegol majjum kono kadi sirluuji guurgol majjum walla mbiyen pirfirli keddogol majjum. Ɗiin sirluuji ene kollira njuɓɓudi cañiindi, ndi ene teeŋtina taweede caggal ɗiin sirluuji, junngo geno karallo, ñeeñɗuɗo cañoowo ndiin njuɓɓudi, so tawii kay ko wonande goongɗinɗo goodaangal oon geno.
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Cowogol & Kosamɗingol Aadee, ko tiitoonde deftere hesere nde Ceerno Mammadu Saalif Mbaay wallifii yaltunde ko ɓooyani. Eɗen nganndi kala nde deftordu Pulaar ɓeydotirii tiitoonde hesere, ene jibina weltaare mawnde wonan’de kala ɓiy pullo. Gooto kala ene heppa nde tamata ɗum he juuɗe mum haa uurno ɗum ɓuucoo ɗum ko adii nii nde hippitta ɗereeji mum taroo binndanɗe mum.
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Firoojo deftere Allah, Al-Qur’aanaare teddunde nde, puɗɗiima heewde he ɗemngal Pulaar. Gila he kaamiilu kiɓɓuɗo o haa e taƴanɗe ko wayno taƴannde “Amma”. Ƴellitagol karallaagal kesal e mbaydiiji kesi caaktirgol kabaruuji haa ɓuri teeŋtude to bannge numérique/digital, ɓeydii ma weeɓnude Cargol ganndal. Ko ɗuum addanii suka Guinee-naajo (Gine), Alfaa Amadu Ɓuriya Jallo, suɓaade muulde firo mum Qur’aana he karallaagal numérique/digital.
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Google Translate ko software mo neɗɗo waawi huwtoraade ngam firde kelme, konngol timmungol walla yumre, ummoraade e ɗemngal fayde e ɗemngal goɗngal. Yeru, aɗa waawi winndude konngol e gootal e ɗemɗe naatnaaɗe heen ɗe, ko wayno Farayse mbiyaa yo ɗum firɗum e Arab, software o firanma konngol Farayse ngol e Arab. Hannde ɗemɗe sappo e tati Afriknaaje ene njeyaa e naatnaaɗe he ngaal kuwtorogal karalleewal.
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Gannde Hiisiwe ko tiitoonde deftere hesere nde Doktoor Mouhammadou Faalil Sy yaltini ko ɓooyaani. Ko kayre woni deftere makko ɗiɗiɓere he nganndal hiisaaj toowɗi walla mbiyen “Hiisawal” ɗum woni Mathematics\Mathématiques he ɗemngal Pulaar. Arwaniire ndee yaltiino gila 2016 to suudu muulirdu Papyrus Afrique.
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Ko heen koode pettata, ko punndi e gaasuuji woni e niiwo ngo, ko e mooɓondiral ɗeen geɗe koode tagatee e ballal pooɗal. Pettugol walla tagagol koode.
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So niiwo ngo mabbi, renti, tamondiri e hoore mum sabu doole pooɗal, kala ko woni maggo e ɓakdi (matière) renndat hamondira waɗa morle morle, kala heen morlere nguleeki mum ɓeydo sabu ñookondiral
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text:
Tuggude ñalnde 2 Bowte/ Decembre 2014, lomtiiɓe renndo ngoo to Batirde Ngenndi ɓe (les députés a L’Assemblée National) ene mbaawi haalde he ɗemɗe mum neeniyeeje so ene mbaɗa diskuuruuji mum en, huunde nde, e ko ɓenni, heertinanoo tan ko he ɗemngal Farayse. Kuule kese ɗee newnanii haalooɓe ɗee ɗoo ɗemɗe ngendiije ɗe payɗen limtude, woni Pulaar, Seereraare, Joolaare, Jolfe, Soninkoore e Manndiŋkoore, waawde huwtoraade ɗum en he nder jeewte batirdu ndu tawa heddiiɓe ɓee ne ene mbaawa heɗaade joom mum tawa kanun en nanata ɗum ko he ɗemɗe mum neeniyeeje rewrude he nantingol.
Ngool baylagol noon gasi laataade ko he keɓgol suudu nduu kaɓirɗe kese ɗe Union Européennerokki leydi Senegaal. Wiyaama njaru ɗeen kaɓirde dariima he 300 Million CFA (450.000 euros).
Woni sabaabu ƴettugol ndeen feere hesere ko taweede heewɓe e suɓaaɓe ɓe (les élus), ngonaa ɗigginɓe ɗemngal Farayse. He nder 150 lomtiiɓe 64 e mum en ko rewɓe kadi nanataa ɗemngal Farayse.
Hooreejo Suudu Batirdu Ngendi ndu o, hono Mustafaa Ñes holitii wonnde ɗereeji (documents) ɗii maa jokku winndeede he ɗemngal Farayse. Kono o hollitii kadi ɗemngal farayse ngal wonaa keertoraangal he dow ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗe, ɗe ko kanum en ngoni ngooroondi pinal leydi ndi.


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Gila e maayirɗe 2011, leydi Mali woni ko e tiimaandi mbonndi, tiimaandi maalde goomuuji innitortooɗi diine, jeeyooji dorog e tarafikaa en, wondude e fooɗaniiɓe jeytaare diwaan rewo Mali lollirɗo Asawaad. Ɗum fof noon, ina jeyaa ko saabii ɗum geɗe tati :
– Jiilgol laamu ngol fooƴtaaki e daawal ɗimmal laamagol Aamadu Tumaani Tuure, sabu ɓuri teskinde e ngaal daawal ko jeebagol laamu Mali keeri leydi mum, e burñitagol konu mum. Ko ɓuri teskinde ko hoohooɓe konu ɓee kala njiiɓiima haa boni e geɗe tarafik, e njeeygu dorog e tee, ɗum wonaa majjere ATT, omo tuumaa nii mbele kanko e hoore makko walla ɓalliiɓe mo (banndiraaɓe ɓadtiiɓe mo) naataani e ɗeen geɗe. Nii woni ko wonnoo faaro Mali (tiimtorgal demokaraasi e nder Afirik) wonti tan ko wutte jooɗɗo ɓoornaaɗo e ɓalndu wondundu e ñawu nguɗoowu.
– Pusgu leydi Libi e jangol Kaddaafi gonnooɗo mbootu mbaabnoongu denndaangal fusinooɓe e murtooji tuwareg en ɓennuɗi to Mali, e kitaale 1990-1995 e 2007-2009; sabu, e ɗiin sahaaji, ballal Kaddaafi walla Alaseri, wonnooɓe ndaartatnooɓe maslahaa hakkunde laamu Mali e murtuɓe tuwareg en, ko sakkude peeje tan no fitina ñifiri, kono wonaa safrude ko saabii ñawu nguu koo. Kaddaafi, e oon sahaa, nawi yoga e ɓurtuɓe tuwareg en haɓantenooɓe jeytaare rewo Mali, naattini ɗum en e konu mum, teeŋti noon e ceŋɗe deenooje mo. Yoga e ɓeen ngonti hoohooɓe fedde lollirnde MNLA saabiinde ummingol fiyannde e maayirɗe 2011 ngam faltaade diwaan Asawaad oo.
– Pollugol laamu ATT e gardagol Kapiteen Sonogo e lewru marsa 2012. Ɗum ɗoon ne ko kaawis goɗɗo sabu yaakoranoo ko pollugol laamu ngu faanditaa heen ko yuɓɓitinde konu Maali ngam falaade goomuuji ownooɓe ɓee (terorist en) e ɓurtuɓe MNLA wonɓe e mooɓde leydi Maali kala sabu ɓe keɓtii 2/3 (tataɓe ɗiɗ leydi ndi) e tee hay mbuubu ɗojjaani; ɓuri teskinde nii ko militeeruuji polluɗi laamu ATT ɗii ɓuri woƴde ɗum en ko fooɗondirde e siwil en laamu e nafooje gonɗe heen, ɗum ɓeydi ko feccude renndo Maali e gollotooɓe mum politigi.
Laamu ”jihaadi“ walla laamu ownooɓe ?
Cikku-ɗen ko nde innde ɓuri wonde sifaa maɓɓe sabu konngol “jihaadi” e nder hakkillaaji juulɓe ko daranaade haɓde e heeferɓe ngam naatnude ɗum e diine lislaam, ɗum ɗoon noon so won ɗoo fotnoo huccineede wonaa e nder leydi Maali, sabu hay so tawii tan ko goodal Tummbuktu ina hollira wonde diine e lislaam ko ɗoon tuddini e nder duuɓi jappondirɗi tawa nii en nduttaaki e jihaadi ndi Alhajji umar Taal umminnoo toon e teeminannde 18 jiidaani e gostondire galɗuɗe hakkunde leyɗeele aarabeeɓe e leydi Sudaan (Maali hannde) gila e jamanuuji gadiiɗi ɗum. Ummantooɓe jihaadi tuugnotaako e njeeygu dorog e kala ko rewaani laawol walla diftagol jaambureeɓe ina ɗaɓɓira laamuuji mum en kaalis.
Ko hedditii e hakkilaaji Malinaaɓe e nder laamu ownooɓe nder lebbi sappo (10) tiimaandi maɓɓe ko juuɗe taƴaaɗe, rewɓe larbeteeɓe e mbeddaaji, kiiɗal sukaaɓe, kaɗgol yimɓe heɗaade jaaynirɗe kumpital (rajo e telewisiyoŋ), duppugol duttorɗe diine, kelgol genaale annduɓe e waliyaaɓe, tiɗɗugol kala geɗe pinal e wellitaare…. Maa wood naamnitiiɓe hol to MNLA woni sabu oon goomu tuwareg en adiiɓe umminde fiyannde ndee, innitortoo ko wonde demokarat en daraniiɓe jeytaare rewo Mali. Maa taw ko ɓuri “sasa yanii e woyndu” sabu ɓeen ina wayi no heɓtii ɗum en ko “roondaade haayre, ɓoccitoo yana e koyɗe mum”, ɓe laatanii ownooɓe ɓee tan ko no ardotooɓe uddita laawol caggal ɗum mbiyee yoo njoño. Ɓeen ɓe ɓe udditani laawol ngadorii ko kamɓe, ndiiwi ɓe e nokkuuji ɗi ɓe njooɗinoo kala : Tummbuctu, Gaawo e Kidaal; Nii woni, Aqmii e wallidiiɓe mum, Ansaar diin , Mujao ekn.. kawi kanndii, tali Maali, gooto heen fof jogii tuddunde mum e nder leydi hee.
Mali wontii pecce ɗiɗi : rewo ina mooɓi gure ɓurɗe himmude e mum : Tummbuctu, Gaawo e Kidaal, worgo ko ina qiimee e 1/3 leydi Maali woni ko hedditii e tiimaandi Bamako tawi keerol hakkunde maɓɓe rewi ko dow wuro Moɓti e Sewaare tawi ko heerondiri ɓe timmaani teemedere 100 kilomeeteer. Ngaal cooynondiral juutii seeɗa kono nde wonde goomuuji ownooɓe paamii wonde keblagol CEDEAO wayi ko no “yaadu heende nii”, ko hedditii e laamu Mali e gardagol Sonogo won ko hiilnii ko wonaa kisal Maali, ɗi pelliti diwde “keerol nanndirangol” so etaade yaaɓande Sewaare, wuro ngo nganndu-ɗaa ko tuddunde larme Maali wonnoo etee, ko nokku jogiiɗo himme e kala golwole baawɗe ummaneede e ko fayi arde. Ko ɗum saabii pellitgol leydi Farayse naatde e hare ndee.
Ñalnde 11 saawiyee konu farayse ummoriingu e tuddunde mum to leydi Caad ardii e beeyooje mum sompi kaɓirɗe mum e tuddunde koonunayaŋkoore Sewaaree, ummanii furtinde goomuuji ownooɓe sordinnooɓe e nder gure Tummbuktu, Gaawoo e Kidaal; Ko ina tolnoo jooni e lebbi ɗiɗi ko e ndee hare wonaa, konu Farayse riiwii ɓe e nokkuuji ɗii kala e ballondiral e ko ɓuri laaɓtude konu Caad sabu nokkuuji ɓurɗi saɗtude ɗii ko wayi no Gaawo e Kidaal e tuddule ownooɓe lommbiiɗe e nder kaaƴe Tasaliit e hayre “Adraar Iforaa en”, ko caadnaaɓe ngoni fedde baafal. E ñalawma hannde oo, konu Farayse waasii fotde soldateeɓe nayo e ofisiyee gooto (5), cadnaaɓe mboomoraama ko ina tolnoo e sappo e njoyo neɗɗo (15), arme Mali, e ko tinaa, ina foti waasde ko ɓadtii soldateeɓe capanɗe njeegomo (60). To bannge goomuuji ownooji ko waasi e yimɓe ɓurii teemedde njeegomo (600), kono jaayu ɓurɗo bonde mo ɓe ndañi ko maayde won e hoohooɓe maɓɓe ko wayi no Abuu Seyd, alserinaajo, ina haalee suwaa tawo laaɓtude e biyeteeɗo Muktaar Bel Muktaar lollirɗo “Ɗokko” hay oon ne, ko alserinaajo. Ɓeeɗoo ɗiɗo ko e koyhoyi goomuuji ownooji njeyaa, ɓe ngadii hamminde tawo ko leydi maɓɓe Alaseri e kitaale 90, ɓe pelloyii hay Afganistaan, ko ɓe jagge tiiɗɗe e dillere winndere ownooɓe innitirtooɓe lislaam. Ko ɗum waɗi maayde ɓe, ko tolsere mawnde wonannde ndeen dillere.
Hannde, larme Farayse e Caad kanndiima diwaan rewo Maali oo kala, teeŋti noon e cordingel ownooɓe ɓee e nder kaaƴe “Adraar Iforaa en », sabu ko tawaa toon e kaɓirɗe e njogitaaje hollirii ko toon, ko tuddunde maɓɓe tigi. Kono kadi, laaɓii en wonde hare ndee joofaani tawo, sabu e oo sahaa, Goomuuji ownooji mbaɗti ko hare “betel” (guérilla), nde ɓe paami ngarmi-ngaraa waawata aaɓnaade hakkunde maɓɓe e maalde nde Farayse tafi ndee, ɓe carii e nokkuuji hee kala, teeŋti noon e saraaji Gaawo, ɓe ngunndo won e gure walla ɓe kuutoroo “njanguuji wartaare” (attentat suicide) saka kadi, e nder hakkillaji maɓɓe ko jihaadi ɓe pellata, ɗo gooto e maɓɓe maayi fof “ko aljanna fayi”. Ko ɗum ɓuri wonde hannde ngoƴa dowrowo wonande silooɓe politigi : So tuubakooɓe Farayse (hooreejo leydi maɓɓe hollitii wonde ɗoo maayirɗe lewru abiriil ko ɓe fuɗɗotooɓe hootde) njahii, hol gaddotooɗo kisal Maali?
Jooni woni e miijeede ko hol no Fedde Dowlaaji Dentuɗi (ONU) ɓamtirta golle ɗee, MISMA (fedde militeeruuji Afiriknaaɓe wonɓe hannde Maali) wonta e njiimaandi ONU, ina yaakoraa e oon sahaa maa ɓe ndañ jawdi no ɓe ngollorii mbele eɓe ndewindoo kisal Maali.
Hol ko addi Farayse Maali?
Ɗum roondiima haala keewka, sabu won wiyɓe wonde addi toon Farayse ko yiɗde tiimtude Maali laawol goɗngol ngam naftoraade ngaluuji ɗaminoyaaɗi toon ko fayi arde (peteroŋ, iraniyum ekn…), kono kadi won yiyruɓe ɗum e yeeso diine, wonde ko heeferɓe naatti e diwaan oo, won nii hoohooɓe diine e nder Moritani mbayyinii miijo (fatwa) wonde kala jaɓɗo walla ballitɗo Farayse e wolde he ko “goofɗo Alla”.
Kono ko ɓuri heewde e dowlaaji e yimɓe, miijo mum en ko waɗi koo, ko huunde moƴƴere sabu so Farayse araano, ownooɓe ɓee maa njettoytono Bamako, tawde woni larmeeji Afiriknaaɓe ndoŋkaama yoo nootito, etee, e oon sahaa, ɓe mettat yaltinde leydi ndii. Ngoon miijo holliti ko bonannde ownugol hakkillaaji e nder aduna oo, ɗo tolnii ɗoo, teeŋti noon so tawii anniyaaji maɓɓe; e ko teskaa, ko eggude e won e nokkuuji (Afganistan, Somali, Yemen…) ngam sompude tuddunde hesere e nder diwaan saahal oo, sabu ko e oon nokku ɓe ɓurata jogaade wellitaare to bannge nokkuuji mogginorɗi. Maali ne, ko leydi ndimɗanndi hoore mum, ina jogii hakke eeraade kala mo yiɗi ngam arde faabaade ɗum, won koohoowo politigi gooto moritaninaajo wii “joolotooɗo e maayo faltotaako juuɗe ɗe weeɗetee ngam faabaade ɗum”. Ko waawi heen wonde kala, ko ɓurnoo himmude koo, ko hol no Maali heɓtirta leydi mum, ɗum ne dañaama, hol ko Farayse waɗiri ɗum, ina gasa tawa wonaa njurum ndeeraagu mehu, walla giɗli maɓɓe e malinaaɓe. Eɗen njenana tan ko yiɗde tawo danndude hoore mum e nafooje mum, sabu so eɗen teskii, ɗii duuɓi kala, yoga e difteteeɓe ina ɗaɓɓiree kaalis ko Faraysenaaɓe so wonii ɗoon e Maali walla Niseer ekn… ɗum fof kadi, ina telɓini golle sosiyeteeji maɓɓe gonɗi e oon diwaan, ko ɗum waɗi eɗen mbaawi wiyde tan, ko yiɗde maalinaaɓe tawtawtondiri e nafoore Faraysenaaɓe.
Ɓesngu Maali kam hollirii weltaare mum e faabuya Faraysenaaɓe tawde wonii hannde eɓe ne ceppa, eɓe njima Farayse e laamɗo mum, eɓe ciŋkiri mbeddaaji maɓɓe e geɗe maɓɓe kala ciiri leydi Farayse, hay Idiriis Debi laamɗo Cad fuɗɗiima heƴde heen.
Ngonka politigi Maali hannde
So tawii won e peeje ownooɓe hakkillaji ko diftaade yimɓe ina ɗaɓɓira laamuuji mum en kaalisaaji, to Maali ko goomuyel militeer en, e gardagol Kapiteen Sonogo diftii geɗal politigi ko wonaa ko mum en, parlini e gollotooɓe politigi jiiɗe mum en daɓɓe : huutoraade joɗnde mum e laamu ngam ɗaɓɓude teddineede e heɓde nafooje dañeteeɗe e laamu. Hannde, oo alaa ko woni haaju Sonogo so wonaa ɗaɓɓude palaas toowɗo, njoɓdi keewndi e lorde kala moo welaaka diine mum (jaaynooɓe, laamɓe ekn..), ko wonnoo sabaabu pollugol makko laamu ATT o yejjitii ɗum : o woƴaaka haɓoyde e ownooɓe, saka moƴƴitinde ngonka konu Maali, o wontani ɓesngu maali ko “ƴiyal palingal e goddol”.
Ko woni ngoƴa hannde ko hol no Mali ruttortoo e demokarasii so tawii jam e kisal dañtaama e leydi hee. E nder kappanɗe laamu Jonkunndaa Tarawore, ɓe nganniyii yuɓɓinde wooteeji ko ɗoo e lewru suliyee 2013, kono hay gooto goongɗinaani ɗum tawo, sabu gaggaaji keewɗi inan ɗoon tawo : darnde bonnoore Sonogo e goomuyel mum militeer en, kisal timmungal dañaaka tawo e fawaade haa hannde e caɗeele kawreteeɗe e piyanɗe ownooɓe sahaa e sahaa kala, hol darnde MNLA e ko fayi arde hay so tawii ɓe nattii fooɗanaade jeytaare diwaan Asawaad oo. Ɗum fof yanti heen kadi ko eggugol hoolaare hakkunde won ɗiin leƴƴi, teeŋti noon e ooɗo sahaa ɗo eeraali keewɗi kollitta wonde larme Mali inan golla golle kaantare feewde e leƴƴi tuwareg en, aarabeeɓe e fulɓe sabu tuumde ɗum en wonde mballitiino ownooɓe. Laamɗo Farayse noon wiyi ko e “ lewru suliyee 2013, maa wooteeji mbaɗ, etee ɓe ngalanaa ɗum ɓerɗe ɗiɗi”, en ngannda noon hol to o fawi ɗum, mbele nii eɗum woodani mo. Hakkunde MNLA e laamu Farayse noon won ko laaɓtaani tawo, wayi ko no haa jooni, won yaakaare ɓe njogii e fedde ndee, no Sarkosii e Abdul Ajiiju ɗaminorinoo nii, wonde eɓe mbaawi wonande ɗum en heɗɗaawo e ownooɓe ɓee, ko laataaki e dumunna ɓennuɗo oo. Faraysenaaɓe njaɓaani larme Maali yettoo diwaan Asawaad oo, hulde hoto ɓe mbaddude e yimɓe MNLA, kono, hol no ndimaagu leydi Maali timmirta tawa ɓe njettotaako e nder keeri maɓɓe kala.
Ko goonga, hannde, leydi Maali heɓtii ndimaagu e nder keeri leydi mum, kono ina heddorii ngoƴa dowrowo, ɗum woni hol no jam e kisal ngartirta e nder renndo he? Ɗum ɗaɓɓi ko ɓesngu Maali kala, denndaangal gollotooɓe mum politigi, pelle renndo, juɓɓule diine ekn… ndartoo ndenndina peeje mum en e peelelaagal mum en, mbele ina pera laabi kesi, laabi kaaldigal e nanndiral ngam mahtaade leydi ndii e dow demokarasii e ƴellitaare ko aldaa e ɗawre hay gooto. Woodani hoɗdiiɓe e heediiɓe maɓɓe ko wallitde mbele ɗum ina laatoo, teeŋti noon e Moritani.
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Wolde “Serval” (culuyel walla cewngel jaawle) : “Sawru gorle weñcitiima”
Culuyel : Barogel ladde taweteengel e jeereende saahel, ɓuri ullundu yettaaki boy ina sonnga, ɓanndu ina abbitii e wutte ngatam, ina gasa ko ko keewɗen innirde e nder won diwanuuji e nder renndo fulɓe: culuyel walla cewngel jaawle.
Larme farayse tolniima e nder wolde maali he e ujunaaje nayo neɗɗo 4 000, e nder haala hooreejo leydi maɓɓe, “maa ɓe ustu soldateeɓe ɓe haa heddito ujunere wootere 1 000 ɗoo e maayirɗe hitaande nde”, soldateeɓe afiriknaaɓe keɓɓitoo o jokki noon e wi’de kono “min ngoɗataa”, ɗum firti ko tuddunde maɓɓe nan ɗo cad ɗo.
Konuuji Afirik ɗii, gaagaa Cad, kolliri keɓanaaki hare nde, CEDEAO fedde fotnoonde huufde golle ɗe fof alaa ko waɗi tawo sabu ŋakkireede kaalis e kaɓirɗe.
Gelaajo


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Duɗal Murtuɗo to Beelinaaɓe mawninii ñalawma 8 mars
Ñalnde alkamiisa 08 mars 2018, Duɗal Baaba leñol Mammadu Sammba Joop mawninii ñalawma debbo, ɓe cinkiima, ɓe cuɗiima, ɓe cinkiriima comci jooɗɗi baɗaaɗi natal makko kanko Murtuɗo, ɓe mbaawii hollirde wejo geɗe paayodinɗe ɗe e ballondiral e fedde rewɓe Beelinaaɓe, ɓe mbaɗi jeewte tati baɗɗe faayiida. Catal Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar ngal Kayhayɗi nuldii toon goomu, caggal bismaango maɓɓe. Ko noon ne kadi ɓe mbismiima ɗeeɗoo gure : Jowol, Rinnjaw e Jookee. Wuro fof nuldii yimɓe. Yahannoo toon catal Kayhaɗi ko Usmaan Ñaan (hooreejo catal) e Daawuuda Sammba Ndonngo, e Aamadu Abuu Soh e Umaar Alhajji Caam.
Wejo waɗngo faayiida holliraama, darnde rewɓe Beelinaaɓe ina laaɓti sanne, ɓe kollirii geɗe keewɗe tawi ko kamɓe e koye maɓɓe peewni ɗum, walla ngollii ɗum : kalbe, paɗe, caabune, comci, cabune Aloweraa, gowe, comci goobaaɗi, guufiya, ñebbe, lujumaaji, sikke alaa ko darnde e njuɓɓudi njibini ɗeeɗo geɗe baɗɗe faayiida.
Yuɓɓini yeewtere cellal jibinirgol ko musiɗɗo Saada Aan, karallo to bannge cellal,meeɗnooɗo wonde hooreejo catal e nder Nuwaasoot. Ceerno Saada Aan famminii tigi rigi darnde debbo e nder cellal jibinirgol, darnde debbo e nder galle, o hokkii wasiyaaji feewde e debbo cowiiɗo, feewde e debbo so ɓadiima jibinde e caggal nde Geno hokki ɗum sago mum, o haalii nafoore muuynam meham haa timma lebbi jeegom, e tonngol, o famminii no feewi ko feewti e cellal jibinirgol.
Ceerno Daawuuda Sammba Ndonngo, kalfinaaɗo jaŋde e nder catal Kayhayɗi yeewtii ko feewti e nafoore jaŋde haa teeŋti e jaŋde rewɓe. Caggal nde o firi hol ko woni jaŋde, o wiyi jaŋde ina feccoo e pecce tati 1. ko nehdi woni ngooroondi kala jaŋde : ko jinnaaɓe njannginta, neha, yeru cukalel wiyee ndaar yeeso maa, jiimtu e loonde, salmin baaba kaari, ekn. 2. janngude binndi (Ɓuraana, ekkol tuubakiri). 3. janngude fannu ngam joom mum waawa gollaade. Caggal ɗum o weddii naamndal hol potɗo janngude ? Jaŋde ina waɗɗii neɗɗo fof. Ko debbo ɓuri haandude e janngude sibu debbo darnde mawnde jogii e nder galle ndee, ɗum noon, moƴƴi ko o waasa humaade e binndi. Debbo ko ƴaañorgal ɓesngu. Kala gorko joom geɗal ɓaggii ko e debbo tiiɗɗo. Debbo wonaa sara e leñol. Jaŋde debbo ina heewi nafoore.
Ceerno Kaaliidu Aan waɗii yeewtere feewtunde e diine Lislaam. Caggal yettude joomiraaɗo e juulde e nulaaɗo (JKM), o jaarii no feewi duɗal Baaba Leñol, ɗo o janngi Pulaar. O jaarii ceerno makko hono sokna Mayram Daddaa Aan e yarlitaare mum, o wiyi diine Lislaam ari ko yaltinde jojjande debbo, Alla heewii nde limti juulɓe kala, o wiya juulɓe Alla rewɓe e juulɓe Alla worɓe, o yaltinii geɗal debbo haa timmi. Fukii diine ko yumma Kadiijata, wonani nulaaɗo yumma, baaba e cuddiiɗo. Lislaam salaaki golle debbo, debbo ina golloo, yumma kadiijata gollinii nulaaɗo, nde nulaaɗo huli o deeƴnii hakille mum. O hokkii yeruuji keewɗi, o wasiyiima yo en pasno ɗemngal men, ñemmben golle Mammadu Sammba Joop Murtuɗo, Tijjaan Aan e woɗɓe ngenndiyankooɓe daraniiɓe ɗemngal Pulaar.
Aamadu Faalel Sih ƴettii konngol ngam hollude weltaare mum e golle baɗaaɗe ɗee, e nder ɗuum o hokkii wasiyaaji moƴƴi. Musiɗɗo Umaar Raasin Njaay dilloowo tigi to bannge pinal fulɓe tawtoraama hiirde ndee, kam e naalaŋke fulɓe Sokna Miñel Njaay, ko kañum uddiri hiirde ndee yimre welnde. Sukaaɓe duɗal Baaba leñol njirwinii hiirde nde ɓe njimi jimɗi Pulaar belɗi, wondude e tinndinoore.
Hade goomu Catal Kayhayɗi, ɓe keɓii juuraade ɓesngu Faalel Sih. Duusi ɓe ko ardiiɓe Duɗal ngal.
Duɗal Baaba leñol e gardagol Ibrahiima Punayel Aan, Mayram Daddaa Aan, Faama Soh, Habii Sih, Mayram Ibraahiima Ñaŋ, Baydi Ñaŋ, Ndey Kamara, limtetee ko e duɗe ɓurɗe wuurde e Fuuta. E ngal janngina no feewi. E maayirɗe hitaande 2017, terɗe 50 Beelinaabe naatii e catal Kayhayɗi, ɗuum ko yettude Alla no feewi. E ballal Alla, hannde Duɗal Baaba leñol dañii boowal ngam wonana ɓe ñiiɓirde, heddii tan ko darnude heen huunde. Eɗen mbiya yo Alla wallu !
Eɗen mbaawi wiyde Beelinaaɓe Gural Abdul Kadeer Aan, Muhammadu Sih (Binndo Enfer d’Inal), Muhammadu Faalil Sih (Binndo Hiisiwal e Pulaar), Ñaŋ Sileymaani mawnininii tigi ñalawma debbo. Ko waɗi faayiida haalaama toon, e nder teddungal mawngal. Heewɓe mbaawii tawtoreede ɗeeɗoo golle. Yo Alla nawru ɗum yeeso, hokka en tawtoreede mo wuuri tawa eɗen ɓeydii e diine men, eɗen ɓeydii gollude ko nafata en.
Usmaan Ñaan, hooreejo Catal FƁPM Kayhayɗi


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Muulde defte Fulfulde ngam janngin’de yonta hannde Ɗemngal ngal hoto ngal maayde, ko huunde nde Hooreejo (Sarkin) Fulɓe Lagos gaddii.
Lagos, Ngeria, Alhajji Muhammad Bammbaaɗo, hooreejo (Sarkin) Fulɓe diiwal Lagos, kadi gardiiɗo Fedde Hooreeɓe Fulɓe Hiirnaange-worgo Nigeria, ardiima uddital wejo defte Pulaar/Fulfulde ñalnde 15 Dewo, Jolal 2020 to wuro Lagos. O feeñinii kulhuli makko he wonnde ɗemngal Pulaar/Fulfulde woni ko e maayrude seeɗa-seeɗa, kono o fodii wonnde ma o daro he no ngal wuurdi.jokku taro


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Ñalnde Aset 7 lewru mee (seeɗto) hitaande 2012, Njuɓɓudi Arafaat, taƴre 4 (secteur 4) mawninii belaa sosngo mum e gardagol hooreejo fedde ndee hono Konnaate Aamadu ganndiraaɗo Suleymaani Konnaate, gorko teskoraaɗo muñal tabitngal, katantaagal ceedtinngal e nuunɗal laaɓtungal. O jeyaa ko to wiyetee Siiwi daande maayo, e nder diiwaan Ngenaar, bannge Muritani.
Ñalawma oo dañii wune no feewi sabu jamaanu keewngu, keewngu doole e yimɓe teskinɓe, teskoraaɓe giɗgol mumen e leñol, ngarii, tawtoraama ñalnde ndee. Wonande jeyaaɓe ɗoon e leegal ngal, pottital ngal limanaama capanɗe tato e ɗiɗo baaba galle, ko jiidaa e hoɗɓe nootitiiɓe. Ciftinen wonde woodii kadi hoɗɓe mawɓe( hay so ɓe sihsiɓe e jaakɓe), ummoriiɓe e nokkuuji goɗɗi, goɗɗuɗi, ngari hawritde heen. Ñalawma oo waɗii gosndiral miijooji coñtungal, naftowal hakkunde terɗe fedde ndee, tawi ko e weeyo hakkilantaagal mawngal e ɓerɗe jaajɗe, laaɓondirɗe. Maa daartol tesko heen ko heewi sabu enɗam wuurtii, giɗgol wuurtii, njonngu ne kay wuurtii. Njuɓɓudi ndii weltoriima kadi, e oo ñalawma, saaktude keɓgol ɗerewol yamiroore laawɗunde keɓtingol mum ummoraade to laamu, gila ñalnde 19/12/2011 e tonngoode 402. Nde fadtirnoo ko oo ñalawma mbele belaaji ena kawrita walla tawtondira, mbaɗa nde ngada beño. Ko ɗum waɗi, ko ɓuri heewde e ñalawma oo, nde ñalli ko tarde e firde e faamnude doosɗe e sarɗiyeeji nder-nderi mayre.
Jooɗnde ndee jooɗii ko e galle Haamiidu Paam, jooɗorde mayre aadoraande. Nde udditiri ko duwaaw e ɗemngal Ceerno Haamiidu Baal mo Baabaaɓe Looti, sabbundu ganndal e yankinaare, imaam raatib jumaa ɗiɗaɓo oo.
Caggal konngol udditirgol gaadorangol jooɗnde (salminaango e bismaango), Konnaate Aamadu huccitini njettoor teeŋtuɗo feewde e fedde ndee, ko adii nde haalata golle gollaaɗe ɗee e ndee ɗoo daande: “ E innde am, miin hoore am, e innde terɗe Yiilirde Siynoore, ɗe ngollodtoo-mi ɗee, mboɗo huccitina njettoor am ɓurɗo teeŋtude fayde e Fedde Arafaat Fuuta, ko aldaa e paltoor (gila gadiiɗo e cakkitiiɗo naatde) sabu waɗde e amen hoolaare timmunde, sabu jaɓde yahdude walla darodaade e amen e nokkuuji kala, hay heen ɓurɗi mettuɗi walla haaɓnaade, sabu jaɓde semmbinirde min hakkilantaagal juumtungal, kuutorɗe ceniiɗe, semmbe haa e ngalu, ko min naatani oo ɗoo dumunna koo, haa e dumunnaaji jawtuɗi, tawi ɗuum fof ko mbele golle ɗee njuɓɓa no haanirta nii, wonana leñol ngol nafoore. Mboɗo gooŋɗini, so wonaano ballal mayre duumingal, min mbaawataano waɗde ngal ɗoo daawal fof, min njaltida e manoore. Mboɗo wiya kadi Alla jaaraama, nde jaaraama. So ɗum ɓennii, maa en kaal ɗoo, e mbaydi tonngaandi, daartol njuɓɓudi ndii, caggal ɗuum naatanen taro e firo doosɗe e sarɗiyeeji ɗowanooji en njuɓɓudi men, ko adii nde batu nguu rokkata en heen yiyannde mum e wasiyaaji mum.
Paamen tan ko adii, so Fedde ndee nanngii oo ɗoo ñalawma pottital e gostondiral miijooji, waɗii eeraango feewde e yimɓe mum, ko goonga, ko haa nde mawnina ñalawma sosngo mayre, kono kadi, ko ɓuri teeŋtude koo, ko haa nde keɓa humpito laaɓtungo ko woni e nder doosɗe e sarɗiyeeji nder-nderi mayre. Ɗo dental woni fof, ena waɗanaa laabi ɗowooji nguurndam mum. Afaraat Fuuta ne, kuule mum nana e jeese men. Paamen kadi, haa hannde, wonde kuule tonngaaɗe e ɗereeji ngalaa ko pirti, ɗoon ɗo terɗe fedde ngoniraani ɗooftaade ɗe. Ɗuum firti ko so fedde hebbinii ɗereeji ne, so tawii laaɓtinaani golle mum, alaa ko gasanta ɗum hay batte sabu nde waawataa safrude ngoƴaaji mayre saka yettaade paandaale, nde toɓɓunoo. Ena laaɓi won ko gollaa haa heewi, won faayidaaji keewɗi dañaaɗi kono kadi won ko keddora-ɗen ko heewi hay so tawii wonaa tan yiɗde hisnude teddungal mayre.
Daartol Njuɓɓudi ndii
Fedde men ndee woodii gila e hitaande 1988, sahaa mo terɗe mayre gadane koɗi e leegal ngal. Nde yiyii ko heewi, nde nanii ko heewi, nde hawrii kadi e ko heewi. Eɗen nganndi, won e sahaaji, ende hawra e sahaaji mettuɗi, tuƴƴinooji ɓerɗe, so wonaano hakkilantaagal mawngal e jogaade faandaare wootere, nde yaltataano ende hisi. Ko noon ne kadi nde lummborii e sahaaji belɗi haa neesti no limmbam, nde dañi heen nafoore e teddungal haa ɗo njuɓɓudi laamu Muritani rokki nde kaayit keɓtinirɗo. Nde mahii jumaaji ɗiɗi ngam riiwtande yimɓe mayre, hoɗɓe ɗoo, ɗanle juutɗe e oon fannu. Nde waɗii koppe, ende sood-soodtondira e hoore mayre geɗe katojinaaɗe, e mbaydi newiindi, ɗo nde soklaani yahde banngeeji goɗɗi. Nde fagganiima hoore mayre kaake ngam nootaade e soklaaji kewuuji mayre ko wayi no yannge, innde, jaɓɓungal e dille pinal. Nde waɗii kadi geɗe maantiniiɗe ko fayti caɗeele janooje e renndo, ko wayi no caɗeele koɗdigal, tifaaɗe dewle e ñaawooje, ɗo en njejjitaani e doggol ngol, balle duuminiiɗe nde waɗanta ñawɓe e jaayyaaɓe, ɗo mbaawi ummoraade fof ».
Caggal nde doosɗe e sarɗiyeeji fedde ndee njanngaa haa laaɓi kadi pira haa deeƴi e hakkillaaji ko Ceerno Habiibu uddiri ñalawma oo eeraango.
Eeraango Habiibu Demmba Soh
“Banndiraaɓe, kala ɗo mbaaw-ɗon wonde e no mbaaw-ɗon wonirde, minen Arafaat Fuutanaaɓe, emin kuccitini e mon dental. Min tawii ko dental tan woni toowal. Min tawii ko dental tan woni kisal. Ɗum firti ko kala ɗo dental alaa, kisal alaa. Kala ɗo dental alaa, toowal alaa, ɓamtaare alaa. Ko ɗuum waɗi min ndenti, min njaggondiri. E nder ko min ndenti, min njaggondiri koo, min njiɗi ko kala ɗo yimɓe ngoni e kala no ɓe mbaawi wonirde yo ɓe njaggondir, yo ɓe nguurdu. Yo ɓe ɓoortu wutte miin-miin, ɓe ɓoornoo wutte minen. Ko e wutte minen tan, yimɓe mbaawata lewirde dunuuli humambinnaagal, koongu, heege, haasidaagal, majjere, ñawu e baasal. Yo gooto fof woppu hiiɗnde e wiinnde, yooɓoo finnde e fiɓnde tawi aldaa e innde.
Emin mbeddii ngol ɗoo konngol fayde e mawɓe men, tiitooɗe men, jannguɓe men e nananteeɓe men nde ngonata hatanteeɓe, ndaroo ngam ko ena ɓamta leñol ngol. On njaaraama”.
Gelongal Fuuta lollirɗo; Njaay Saydu Aamadu


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Jokkorde hakkunde pelle pinal tati (Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar he Muritani (FƁPM) e Fedde Muritaninaare ngam Ɓamtaare Ɗemngal e Pinal Sooninke (AMPLCS) e Fedde Ɓamtaare Ɗemngal Wolof he Muritani (APROLAWO)) yuɓɓinii yeewtere jaaynde ñalnde altine 21/9/21 ɗo joɗnde Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar he Muritani (Socogim PS, Nuwasoot). Jaaynirɗe keewɗe tawtoraama joɗnde ndee.
Udditi yeewtere ndee ko gardiiɗo Jokkorde ndee he muddo, hono Hasan Gay, hooreejo APROLAWO, he nder ɗemngal Wolof. Caggal ɗuum ko Bookara Aamadu Bah, hooreejo FƁPM ƴetti konngol he Pulaar, rewi heen ko jonaaɗo hooreejo AMPLCS hono Suraake Jaara he ɗemngal Wolof. Caggal ɗuum haala maɓɓe firaa he ɗemngal Arab. Rewi heen, ko Mammadu Haasi Mbay, tonnguɗo haala kaa he ɗemngal Farayse. Yeewtere ndee uddiraa konngol Laaji Tarawore he ɗemngal Farayse. O faccirani arɓe ɓee ɗo yimɓe ndewdanoo e binndol ɗemɗe ɗee…
Loowdi haala kaa fof ina tonngaa e binndannɗe ɗiɗi keblanooɗe ngam ɗuum :
- Hol ko firti « laawɗingol ɗemɗe pulaar, sooninke e wolof ? »
Doosgal leydi ndii ine holliti, he taƴre 4 naatirde mum : « ɓesngu Muritani ine heɓtini, tee ine hollita keewal pine mum, ngooroondi ngootaagu ngenndi e mahondiral renndo kam e ko jokkii e mum, hono hakke jogaade ko heerorii. Ɗemngal Arab, ɗemngal laawɗungal leydi ndii, kam e ɗemɗe ngenndiije goɗɗe ɗee, hono Pulaar, Sooninke e Wolof, gootal heen kala ko ngalu ngenndi ngu muritaninaaɓe kala ndenndi, e nder ɗuum, ina waɗɗii Dowla oo hisnude ɗe e ɓamtude ɗe, e innde yimɓe fof. »
Ndeen noon, naamnal ngal ko : « hol no ɗum wonirte so ɗe laawɗinaaka ? »
Wonande pelle pinal ɗee, laawɗingol ɗemɗe pulaar, sooninke e wolof firti tawo ko :
- Kuutoral majje he denndaangal geɗe nguurndam leydi ndii ;
- Mbayliigu doosgal leydi ndii, mbaɗtoowu denndaangal ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee, ɗemɗe laawɗinaaɗe, ɗemɗe jaŋde e njuɓɓudi laamu ; he nder ɗuum, kuulal 6 Doosgal leydi ndii ko nii foti leloraade : « ɗemɗe ngenndiije ko arab, pulaar, sooninke e wolof ; e ɗemɗe laawɗinaaɗe ko arab, pulaar, sooninke e wolof ».
- Ƴettugol kuule laaɓtuɗe gaaɓnooje ciynugol timmungol lelnannde doosgal kesere ndee, haa ɗum laatoo goonga he nder njuɓɓudi laamu e nder jaayɗe ;
- Pirgol denndaangal binndaaɗe laamu kam e kaayitaaji etaa siwil he nder ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee fof, tawa yimɓe ine mbaawa totteede ɗum en ;
- binndugol ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee kala he alluuje jamminooje nokkuuji laamu ;
- Juɓɓingol oorle duumiiɗe mumtugol humambinnaagal he nder ɓesngu hee, he nder ɗemɗe mum en neeniije e/walla nawdugol ɗemɗe keewɗe.
- Hol ko firti « naattingol ɗemɗe pulaar, sooninke e wolof he nder tippudi nehdi e jaŋde leydi ndii ? »
Wonande pelle pinal ɗee, laawɗingol ɗemɗe pulaar, sooninke e wolof firti tawo ko :
- ɓamtugol janngingol ɗemɗe ngenndiije naatnanooɗe he jaŋde he hitaande 1979, dartinaa he hitaande 1999, fawaade he hujja luulndiiɗo njeñtudi denndaangal ɓetooji baɗanooɗi ;
- janngingol, he nder duɗe gaggaaji, ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɓole ;
- naatnugol jarriborde he ɗemɗe pulaar, sooninke e wolof he nder denndaangal ɓetooji (eksameeji) e kawgelaaji (concours) jaŋde huuɓtodinnde e jaŋde mecce ;
- Udditgol doge jaŋde pulaar, sooninke e wolof nder janngirɗe heblo (ENI, ENS, ENAJM) ekn.) kam e doge firooɓe he ɗemɗe ngenndiije to ENAJM e Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde ;
- Cosgol sarwisaaji firo he nder ɗemɗe ngenndiije, he denndaangal tolnooji njuɓɓudi laamu ;
- Gartirgol e cemmbinngol denndaangal kuule e peeje ƴettanooɗe ko idii ngam ƴaañde jaŋde ɗemngal arab, ngam wallitde jaŋde ɗemɗe ngenndiije keddiiɗe ɗee.
- ciynugol jaŋde he ɗemɗe ɗee, tuggi duɗe gaggaaji haa he jaŋde laamu huuɓtodinnde, ine tonngoo he alluwal garowal ngal :
(ƊNG= Ɗemngal NGenndiwal ; JL = Jaŋde lesre; JH = Jaŋde Hakkundeere)
– Idii Jaŋde (Duɗe gaggaaji e deenirɗe , he nder doge 3 sections : famarɓe : 2 à 3 ans ; Hakkundeeɓe : 3-4ans ; Mawɓe : 4 à 5 ans.).
– Jaŋde lesre : 5 ans
– Jaŋde hakkundeere : 6 ans :
- Kolees : duuɓi 3
- Liisee : duuɓi 3
- Jojjugol naatnude he jaŋde hee fannu ganndondiral pine.
- Denndaangal fannuuji ɗii njanngetee ko he ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee, he tolnooji ɗii kala.


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- Ñalnde 13 sulyee, guwarnama Muritani fuɗɗiima jokkondirde e pelle daraniiɗe jojjanɗe aadee kam e hilifaaɓe diine e pelle politik e hoohooɓe renndo e meeruuji … ngam yeewtidde e mum en ko fayti e gartirgol ko ina ɓura 20 000 neɗɗo mooliiɗo gila 89-91 to Senegaal e to Mali. Pelle jojjanɗe aadee e hilifaaɓe diine puɗɗii jokkondireede ko to joɗnde kalifu nder leydi. Terɗe ɗiɗi guwarnama o kam e konseyeeji keewɗi mawɗo leydi ndi tawtoraama ɗiin batuuji. Ɓe ɗaɓɓirii ɓe « peeje binndaaɗe » potɗe huutoreede e ñalɗi diisnondiral ngenndiyankooji jogorɗi yuɓɓineede ko fayi. Habri ɗum ko Saar Mammadu gardiiɗo Fonadh. Saar Mammadu e hoore mum ko taccinanooɗo, kono artii gila 1992. Kamɓe ne ɓe mbasiyiima laamu ngu nde fuɗɗortoo binnditagol mooliiɓe ɓe mbele ina anndee no ɓe poti.
- Goomu hakkunde hilifaaɓe kalfinaangu gartirgol mooliiɓe kam e ñawndugol warhooreeji fuɗɗiima njillu mum e diiwaan daande maayo ñalnde aljumaa 3 ut, e gardagol Yahyaa wul Ahmed Wakef. Ɓe njillotoo ko Tararsa, Barakna, Gorgol e Gidimaka ngam habrude yimɓe ɓe.
Ñalnde 16 sulyee 2007, Abdullaay Wad, hooreejo leydi Senegaal, yeewtidii e Gommu hilifaaɓe kalfinaangu hafeere mooliiɓe. Goomu ngu yettinii mo calminaali hooreejo leydi Muritani, hono Siidi wul Seek Abdallaahi, habri mo feere laamu Muritani ƴetti yiɗde yuɓɓinde gartirgol Muritaninaaɓe moolinooɓe to Senegaal. Goomu ngu batdii kadi e pelle mooliiɓe Muritani to Senegaal ngam yettinde ɗum en kabaaru o. Caggal nde Yahyaa wul Ahmed el Wakef joofni konngol mum, ardiiɓe ɗeen pelle poɓɓii ko juuti.
- E ooɗoo saahaa Goomu ngu naatanii daawal kesal e nder golle mum : so kumpitgol ɓesngu Muritani. Nii woni heen lappol yilliima diiwanuuji daande nay ɗi. Hilifaaɓe woɗɓe neladaama rewo, hono Adraar, Tagant e ko fayi arde diiwanuuji keddiiɗi ɗi.
E ngoon yeeso haa hannde Assammbele yeewtii e toɓɓere he ko juuti, fotde waktuuji 12 (w11 haa w 22). Ɗum waɗnoo ko ñalnde alkamiisa 2 ut 2007. Nanondiral jaajngal dañaama heen : depiteeji ɗi ina ngondi e miijo gartirgol taccinanooɓe e tuugaade e ” konngol hooreejo leydi ndi, keptinngol, ñalnde 29 suwee 2007, darnde laamu e bonanndeeji baɗnooɗi ɗi, kam e jojjugol cafrugol ndeeɗoo ñawannde “. Miijooji ɗiɗ noon peeñiino toon : miijo adanngo ngo, ɓurngo doolnude wiyi ko yo mooliiɓe ɓe ngartire ko yaaccii tawa nawdaaka e hay geɗel gootel goɗngel. Miijo woɗngo (yimɓe seeɗa) wiyi ko yo geɗe ɗee fof ñawndide.
Ina teskaa noon gila haala mooliiɓe fuɗɗii haaleede, ina waɗi yimɓe ɓe nganndu-ɗaa mbeltaaki no feewi, tawa cuusaa wiyde ina luulndii ko haaletee ko, cuuɗotoo ko caggal hujjaaji ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ina meeti ñawndude : ko wayi no wiyde yo denndaangal warngooji baɗnooɗi e leydi he ñawnde jooni kam enne, walla hoto mooliiɓe ɓe njaɓ artude so tawii waɗnooɓe bonannde nde ñawndaaka, walla musaffiriin enne ko heen njeyaa ekn … Eɗen cikki tan, ko laamu ngu woni e mum ko ɓuri sellude, so wiyde wonde ngartiren mooliiɓe ɓe cuuɗi mum en tawo, caggal ɗum loowen doge keddiiɗe ɗe, ko wayi no warngooji, ekn …
- Goomu ngu, e nder jeeyngal mum, heɓii hollitde ɗee toɓɓe :
– Wonde ko ɗum woni ngoƴa dowrowo laamu ngu e ooɗoo sahaa, sibu ko ɗum mawɗo leydi ndi huninoo e woote ɓennuɗe ɗe, tee cafrugol ɗeeɗoo ñawanɗe ɗiɗi ko daawal ngam wootiɗinde leydi ndi.
– Njeñtudi golle goomu ngu gila toɗɗaa fayde jooni, ko fuɗɗii waɗdeede e laamu Senegaal kam e HCR e mooliiɓe ɓe e koye mum en, ɓe nganndu-ɗaa kollitii yiɗde mum en artude leydi mum en, e nder teddungal e nuunɗal.
– ko fayti e warngooji kalifu kuuɓal kuftodinngal to ardorde dowla hono Yahya wul Ahmed Wakef wiyi wonde maa goomu ngu waɗ wiɗtooji ngam anndude no foti yimɓe mbaraa e ɗee kewkewe mbele ɓesnguuji mum en ina mbaawaa lomtinaneede.
- To diiwaan daande maayo to yimɓe ɓe kollitii wonde warngooji keewɗi mbaɗii toon tee yimɓe heewɓe teettaama leyɗeele mum en.
- Meer Ɓoggee hono Aadama Muusa Bah yettinii lappol ngol njettoor yimɓe nokku o feewde e mawɗo leydi ndi e laamu ngu sibu pellital mum safrude ɗeeɗoo ñawanɗe. Tee yimɓe nokku ina tiiɗaa no feewi ngootaagu ngenndi ndi. Yanti heen ñawndugol ɗee caɗeele ina ɗaɓɓi darnde yimɓe fof : pelle politik, hoohooɓe renndo kam e mooliiɓe ɓe. Ngootaagu ngenndi ndi kam e compugol dowla ɗooftiiɗo sariya mbaawaa gasde so ɗee ñawanɗe cafraaka.
Bookara A. Bah


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Pulaar.org | SAWRU sooti ina nodda yontannde saanga dabbunde, waalo ina hurnaa, jaangol ina wutta gila mutal haa puɗal naange. Sagataaɓe worɓe e boombi ko gese maa pale ñallata ina kiwa colli e ɗeeleeli, gerle e woylelaaji (cooji), ina ndeena baaɗi (juuta laaceeje) e girji (daɓɓi/bamdi ladde). So naange e hoore yonii, colli panii, kulle keddiiɗe ɗee ñallinii, ɓe payta ñallirki maɓɓe, so ko lekki ɓuuɓki maa caali,
Pulaar.org | SAWRU sooti ina nodda yontannde saanga dabbunde, waalo ina hurnaa, jaangol ina wutta gila mutal haa puɗal naange. Sagataaɓe worɓe e boombi ko gese maa pale ñallata ina kiwa colli e ɗeeleeli, gerle e woylelaaji (cooji), ina ndeena baaɗi (juuta laaceeje) e girji (daɓɓi/bamdi ladde). So naange e hoore yonii, colli panii, kulle keddiiɗe ɗee ñallinii, ɓe payta ñallirki maɓɓe, so ko lekki ɓuuɓki maa caali,
tawa eɓe keli monngo eɓe lappi, eɓe keli makka eɓe njuɗi, eɓe ɓooli ñebbe e jaheeje e padaas eɓe nguuɗi. Ko aɗa yiɗi ɗum tan, a yiɗaa ɗuma, ɓe tiima heen : ɓee ina monngoo, ɓeya ina koɓoo makka ina ciirta ñebbe, heddiiɓe ina muuɗa padaas e jaheeje, ina njartoo ndiyam tawi jeewte e yanooji hakkunde maɓɓe taƴondiraani. So deedi keewii kesri, ɓe cofta, ɓe ngummo ɓe ngona e amde, eɓe nduƴƴa, eɓe piya beñte, sukaaɓe rewɓe ɓee penta jimɗi : “Ayaa ! Ayaa ! Hooyi ! Kiwen colli, ngoppen ɗeeleeli !” Ɓe ndiwa, ɓe ndoƴƴoo, ɓe ndippa haa punndi ruuka dow, ɓe mbiya : “Ndippiri ɓayi ! ndippiri ɓayi ! Hande dey punndi ruuka dow ! “ Ɓe ngoni ko e dolnaade sabu kesiri tawtii kiiɗndi. Ɓooyi ɓooyaani fof yontannde arta e ɗiɗo e maɓɓe njaha ngoorndoyoo gese, ngarta, ɓe njokka ñalnde maɓɓe.
So colli kiirndiima, gooto e maɓɓe kala ruttoo ngesa mum, dartoo e lobbudu mum haa naange daay-daayna mutde, ɓe nanngita laawol fayde wuro eɓe mbeelnii maa eɓe ndoondii kedde ñalando maɓɓe, eɓe nawana ñalli wuro en. So ɓe njottiima ko seeɗa ɓe memata e bottaaje maɓɓe, ɓe cabboo kiraaɗe. Jaangol jofii gila mutal naange, mawɓe e nayeeɓe fof naattii, duɗe kuɓɓaama, yimɓe kiirtiima nder cuuɗi. Dingiral noddii, yontannde nootitiima e fijirde sooti, duɗal huɓɓaama haa lewlewti, keelmbo jappilaama jooɗɗinaama hakkunde dingiral, senngooji ɗiɗi cuɓaama hono no fijirde koora nii. Ñaawoowo rokkii yamiroore, teetondiral waɗii, sooti wonii e siirtaade no koowoyel ndunngu nii, sagataaɓe ina tera ɗum ina lotta ina ngulla : “Ummbuyi ! Ummbuyi !” Sooti ina yaha ina arta e nder dingiral, boombi e seemedɓe ina poɓɓa ina njima ina kirjina sagataaɓe. Yeeɓooɓe ina ngulla ina luukaa haa sooti juuloya, ngaari dañee, arnooɓe fof mbeltoo. Gulaali e luukaali ɓeydoo seekde jamma. Beñuwaaruuji konngee, bawɗi cerkitee weltaare. Jamma o jirwii sanne, tawtoranooɓe fof mbeltiima kaaɗtudi. Hankadi noon gantinii : “HUYI ! HUYI !” Fijirde fusa tawtoranooɓe caakoo, mo woni kala hoota leloyoo, sabu so weetndoginii ko doƴgol gese hade colli ngidaade hiwooɓe dawde.
Koora e sooti ina keewi nafoore hayi so tanaaji ina coomii heen : ɗi njannginta yontannde ko nehdi e muñal, jurmondiral, jaafondiral, jaajgol hakkille e teeylaare. Ɗii pijirlooji ko goonga eɗi keewi pelɓondire kam e gaañii gaañii kono battintaa, lomtotoo tan ko muñal e jaafondiral, njurum e jaleede.
Hanki e nder reedu Fuuta, ɗii pijirlooji, yantude e lammbaaji e sorbooji, beeyni e ƴaroo, cudduli e kuurtuli kam e yanngeeji keewɗi goɗɗi ko duɗe ngonnoo. Kañnje tammbinoo pinal men e coñce men, ɗi kaɗi ɓesnguuji men hebbinde ɗanle woto hakkillaaji mum en wosteede, aadaaji bonɗi ɗi ɓe nganndaano naatnee e maɓɓe.
Ɗanno-ɗen ɗaɓɓoyen jawdi e ganndal, ngartiren e Fuuta, nafa en, nafa ɓesnguuji men itta ɗaminaare e wodɓe.
Muusaa Aamadu Jallo


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Ko adii fof paamen wonde ordinateer gollortoo tan ko lime ɗiɗi, ɗeen ngoni « 0 » e «1», kala ko wonaa ɗuum o heɓtintaa. So en mbiyii ordinateer noon ko huunde yaajnde : gila e ordinateer goowaaɗo oo, haa tokoosi mum, haa yettii telefoŋaaji jogeteeɗi e juuɗe ɗii, ɗi ceŋorto-ɗon e WhatsApp e Facebook ekn, fof ko heen jeyaa. Ɓayri ordinateer heɓtintaa so wonaa « 0 » e «1», hol no o heɓtinirta binndi ? Feere majjum ko rokkude alkulal kala tonngoode winndiraande « 0 » e «1» tan.
Ɗuum addi alluwal biyeteengal ASCII ([askiː]) sosaa e hitaande 1961 ngam waɗde tolnondiral hakkunde 96 alkulal e limooje (alkulal fof rokkaa tonngoode) mbele ordinateeruuji ina mbaawa heɓtinde alkule ɗee. Oon woni abajada gadano mo kuutorɗe informatik ngadii keɓtinde, hono abaja latin. Ine jeyaa e oo abajada alkule 26 binndi latin ɗii (mawɗi e tokoosi), lime sappo ɗee, tuggi 0 haa 9, yantude e poofirɗe, ɗum fof ko ngam waawde winndude he Engele wonnoo. Alkule baɗɗe pese (ko wayi no é, è, ù, ç ekn) ngalaano heen. E hitaande 1991 alluwal ASCII ngal yaajtinaa, waɗtaa no annama 16 alluwal nii, ngam heɓtinde denndaangal alkule ɗemɗe Orop hirnaange (farayse, almaa, españool, danuwaa, e islanndee), woni 191 alkulal, woni ko anndiraa yuɓɓo ISO/CEI 8859. Alluwal ISO/CEI 8859-1, ganndirangal kadi « Latin-1» ko heen jeyaa (ko ndeen alkule farayse baɗɗe pese ɗee naati heen.
Kono ngooɗoo yuɓɓo ñawndaani caɗeele ɗemɗe winndere keddiiɗe ɗee : ɗuum addi cosgol Dental pelle (Consortium) Unicode. Faandaare Unicode ko rokkude denndaangal maaɗe ɗemɗe winndere ndee tonngooɗe limoore nder informatik mbele gostondiral ina aaɓnoo hakkunde binndanɗe ɗemɗe ceertuɗe. Golle ɗee puɗɗii ko e hitaande 1991. Hannde Unicode ina yahra e yamre 12.0 ɓiire, yaltunde e mars 2019. A nde waɗi fotde 137 929 alkulal ! alkule binndirɗe ko ɓuri 150 ɗemngal ko jiidaa e doosɗe jillondiral mbinndiin nano feewde ñaamo e ñaamo feewde nano (yeru ngam waawde jillondirde binndi arab e binndi farayse walla pulaar ekn). Denndaangal alkule binndirɗe Pulaar naatii e Unicode gila e yamre 5.0 ɓiire e hitaande 2006.
Bookara Aamadu Bah


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Pulaar wiyi «So jawe ceŋlii ceŋlitii, kaalti ko ko kaalnoo». Kono tawde awluɓe mbiyi «so waɗooɓe ngasnaani waɗde haalooɓe ngasnataa haalde», alaa e sago e sahaa kala, ka rewee ka rewtee, sabu gosoraaɗo seerataa e laawde. So wiyaama ko golle ɓuri haala, ene moti ngannden ko golletee ko woni e no wonirta, e kadi nii holi gollotooɓe ɓee, hay sinno ko haaletee koo kam ene anndaa, sabu haalaama haaltaama, te gollanteeɓe ɓee kadi ene nganndaa sabu kaalii kaaltii. Kaan haala, ko ka 28 Lewru Noofaamburu.
Duuɓi 30 pawɗi hannde ko kaa haala ene haalee deƴƴaaka. Ɓee ko dariiɓe e daaɗe mumen, ɓee ko winndooɓe e jaayɗe, ɓeya ko waɗooɓe kaalanɗe e watsap, woɗɓe ko artirooe leppi ɗi mbaɗnoo ko ene wona hannde duuɓi e kitaale, tawi kaaltata ko ko mbaɗanoo, walla ko mbiyanoo, e ko wondunooɓe e mumen mbaɗanoo walla ko mbiyanoo. Ɗiin leppi, ɗeen jaayɗe, ɗeen kaalanɗe ene ciftina en geɗe kaantoriɗɗe baɗanooɗe. Kono miin kam, haa jooni won naamne ɗe ndonnku mi dañande jaabawuuji. Ɗeen naamne ene ciforoo nii : holi baɗɗo ko wiyaa waɗaama koo? ɗoo kam maa wood biyɗo «oo kam ene selli, walla oo kam holi to wonnoo saka ene naamnoo ko aduna fof anndi». Naamne goɗɗe ɗee ko nii ciforii : mbele ko laaminooɓe ɓee mbaɗi? mbele nii wonaa enen fof koreeji waɗanooɓe ɓee mbaɗi te njokki waɗde haa jooni? Walla boom tawa ko koreeji waɗanooɓe ɓee wondunooɓe e laaminooɓe e oon sahaa ɓee mbaɗi? Waɗde holi fotɓe safrude ɗum? Holi no ɗum safrortoo?
Ngam siftinde, eɗen nganndi nde ko waɗaa koo waɗaa haa gasi, aduna fof haalii heen. Nde haalakaa metti, sarii kadi yaaji, hoolaaɓe suudu sarɗiyeeji e ngaan sahnga njooɗinooma mbiyi « tawde ko ɓiɓɓe leydi ɓee fof toɗɗii min, neli min gaa yoo min njooltan ɗumen hujjaaji mumen, waɗde emin mbaawi haalde e inɗe maɓɓe. Ko ɗuum waɗi, kala ko waawnoo waɗeede ko metti ɓe, min njaafiima e inɗe maɓɓe». eɗen nganndi nde kaa haala yalti ndee, won jaɓɓe, won saliiɓe haa njooɗii e leydi. Daawal dewngal heen, ko noddeede waɗanooɓe ɓee yoo ngaran ndaamordi, ndokkaa galleeji. Woodi heen jaɓɓe, woodi saliiɓe, sabu faamde heen ɗum firti ko yoo njaafo ko mbaɗaa koo fof. Rewi heen ko dokkal kaalis, woodi kadi jaɓɓe, woodi saliiɓe, haa jooni sabu faamde heen ɗum firti ko «on njaafiima ko mbaɗa ɗon koo fof». (Ciftinen noon, ngal dokkal kaalis waɗiino haala, sabu won tuumaaɓe tottaani ko tottanoo yoo tottoy koo fof).
En paamii, haa jooni, ko ndukatno ɗon koo ene heddii. Ɗuum woni, ndeke en kaɓaani e mo pot ɗen haɓde oo, ko ɗuum waɗi omo jokki lorlude en, omo jokku haɗde jettagol payndaale men. E faamaamuya ka njogi ɗen gila ko adii hannde, tooñi en ko oo biyateeɗo «ENEN». O yiyotaako saka o haaldee, o haalataa saka o jaabee, o memotaako saka o jaggee o nehee. En nganndaa nii so tawii ko o debo walla gorko, waɗde eɗen mbaawi wiyde mo tan «ENEN». «ENEN» haaɓnorii kadi, ko wonaa gooto. Ko o cariiɗo, pecciiɗo e kinɗe, pecciiɗo e galleeji, pecciiɗo e duuɓi o feccii e jogogal, o feccii e diiwanuuji, o feccitii kadi e gure, leeɗe, haa e miskinaagal. Wootere e ɗee pecce fof noon, yiɗi ko heedde yeeso, ɓurde yiyeede, ɓurde feeñde e ɓurde heewde martabe. Ko ɗuum waɗi ko heen feccere waɗi haa ɗeɓi moƴƴude fo, fecere woɗnde ndee ara bonnita, sabu mum yenaneede so ɗum yuloyii, maa feccere waɗde ɗum ndee dañ wune, haala mum haalee, te «haandaani heen». Waɗde en paamii, ɗee caɗeele goyeteeɗe hitaande kala, ene mbaawnoo safreede e deeƴal, e jam, so tawiino ɗii ENENIIJI fof njabiino jooɗodaade, njeewtida, pewjida, kaaltida kadi njogoo konngol gootol. Tawde noon ko jiyduɓe yumma tan mbaawi wiyondirde «yum maa ko suña» te wonta jam, eɗen mbaawi wiyde ɗum weeɓaani e «ENEN», sabu mamw-maw, ngañamtumaagi, haasidaagal e «mi yiɗaa tinaa mi yiɗaa pinaa» heewde e ndee sahre nde jeyaa oo biyateeɗo «ENEN».
Malal Sammba GISE


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Kabaruuji keniiɗi kabrii Alakbar wonde jamirooje ummoriima e laamu ngam winnditaade saharaanaaɓe, naatna ɗum en e etaasiwil ɓetguuro Muritani (ɗum woni ɓeen mbaɗta hiiseede ko Muritaninaaɓe.) Ko ɗuum faamninta en ɓeydagol keeweendi yimɓe jaawngol teskangol e nder rewo leydi ndii. Jooɗaniiɗo Alakhbar habrii kadi wonde tillisaaji keewɗi ndarnaama toon e suuɗaare ngam jaɓɓaade Saharaanaaɓe arooɓe
Kabaruuji keniiɗi kabrii Alakbar wonde jamirooje ummoriima e laamu ngam winnditaade saharaanaaɓe, naatna ɗum en e etaasiwil ɓetguuro Muritani (ɗum woni ɓeen mbaɗta hiiseede ko Muritaninaaɓe.) Ko ɗuum faamninta en ɓeydagol keeweendi yimɓe jaawngol teskangol e nder rewo leydi ndii. Jooɗaniiɗo Alakhbar habrii kadi wonde tillisaaji keewɗi ndarnaama toon e suuɗaare ngam jaɓɓaade Saharaanaaɓe arooɓe
winnditaade ɓee. Ko noon kadi, hilifaaɓe laamu Muritani toowɓe luɓii galleeji mum en ngam jippinde arooɓe ɓee.
Ina anndaa wonde Tiris Semmuur heewaani yimɓe. Kono, teskaama keeweendi yimɓe ɓeydiima toon kam e to Nuwaadibu hakkunde 2000 e 2012, e tuugaade e limooje ANRTPS (Nokku kalfinaaɗo binnditagol oo). Nii woni, e nder wuro Biir Mogreyn ngoo tan, ko wonnoo 2 761 e hitaande 2000, yettiima 10 514 neɗɗo e hitaande 2012. Wonande Fderik, ko wonnoo 4 431 e hitaande 2000, ina yahra hannde e 7 482. Wonande diiwaan Daaklet Nuwaadibu oo, limoore yimɓe ɓeydiima fotde 79 516 neɗɗo e nder ngalɗoo daawal…
Ina teskaa alaa fof diiwaan ɓurti limooje mum 2000 so wonaa diiwanuuji ɗiɗi kaalaaɗi dow ɗii.
Ooɗoo kabaaru so laatiima goonga, sikkeeji fof iwii wonde ko laamu Abdel Asiis tuumanoo koo, so yiɗde waylude sifaa koɗki leydi ndii. So wonaa ɗuum, hol no paamraten, ɓiɗɓe leydi caɗtinanee binnditagol, ɓe njeyaaka e leydi ina mbinnditee.
(Kabaaru dokkaaɗo e darorɗe saawiyee 2013)


text:
Jaɓɓorgo Pese Kagame
Pesol: Kagame
Ruwannda : Mumto-leñol Tutsi en (3) : Caggal warngooji, ñaawooje
En njiyiino wonde warngooji mumti-leñol ɗii ndartii ko ñalnde 17 sulyee 1994, caggal nde FPR, e gardagol Pol Kagame, heɓti ko ɓuri...
Ruwannda : Mumto-leñol Tutsi en (2)
E taƴre adannde winndannde men yaltunoonde e tonngoode 178, en kollitiino wonde mumto leñol Tutsi en fuɗɗinoo to Ruwanndaa ko ñalnde 7 abriil 1994,...
Mumto-leñol Tutsi en to Ruwannda (1)
Ko ñalnde 7 abriil 1994, warngooji mumto-leñol jaayɗi puɗɗinoo to Ruwannda. Ɗiin warngooji ngonaa warngooji sabu wolde, alaa. Ko warngooji juɓɓinaaɗi, keblaaɗi,...


text:
Mamadu Jah kaalen haala mbodooji (siniman)! Holko addi mbaɗɗa Baamum Nafi?
Saakitaama ñannde : Hesɗintinaama ñannde :
Mamadu Jah dillata ko e mbodooji (simiman). Addi yewtere nde ko yaltinii film e lebbi cakkitiiɗi ene wiye Baamum Nafi. O film waɗaa ko e ɗemgal fulfulde, ko too Maatam tuurna.
Caggal ɗum hebii mantooje keewɗe, battiniiɗo oo woni to Marakech, to Locarno (Italie) kadi nde ɓe ƴeeɓi Baamum Nafi mbe keɓii heen mbelamma mawɗo haa ɓe ɓe tottii ɗiɗi cewli kannge Mamadu Jah. Oo gorko maa haal holko waɗi mo winndude oo film e ɗemgal fulfulde, kadi faandaare makko e oo film mo ganduɗaa ene janngtoo ko heewi, ko wayno hono jihaadist en ɓee mbaɗata haa kepta gure men ɗoo e Sahel.


text:
Kaalen haala mbodooji Maam Wuri Cubbu
Saakitaama ñannde : Hesɗintinaama ñannde :
yuppi yontere nde ko biyeteeɗo Maam Wuri Cubbu. OO debbo ko jaayniyanke, kono kadi omo dilla e mbodooji fi’irti e franciire “film”, “cinéma”. Golle makko e mbodooji ene laɗaa sanne. E balɗe jaawtuɗe nii o heɓii fartange, sabu ooɗo film ma o waɗi ene wiye 5 étoiles (koode joy), heɓii tanit bronze to Kaartaas. Ko adii ɗum, film makko goɗɗo ene wiye fifiire en pays cuballo kanium ne woodi ko heɓii to kawral ɓaɗoowo to Montréal ene wiye Vues d’Afrique (Jiyanɗe Afirik). Holi o suka debbo dariiɗo, daraniiɗo leñol ? mbaɗɗo fayida e golle mum ?


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Ñalnde Alet 05/05/2016, goomu jaŋde catal Nuwaadibu yuɓɓinii kawgel naatirgel rogere ɗiɗmere to duɗal CEERNO NJAAY BARO.
Kawgel ngel yuɓɓinaa ko ñalnde alet 05 suwee 2016 to Duɗal Ceerno Njaay Baro.
Ñalnde Alet 05/05/2016, goomu jaŋde catal Nuwaadibu yuɓɓinii kawgel naatirgel rogere ɗiɗmere to duɗal CEERNO NJAAY BARO.
Kawgel ngel yuɓɓinaa ko ñalnde alet 05 suwee 2016 to Duɗal Ceerno Njaay Baro.
41 almuudo nder 51 tawtoraama kawgel ngel, ummoriiɓe e janngirɗi tati : jannginirdu 1 (15 almuudo), jannginirdu 2 (19 almuudo) e jannginirdu 3, (17 almuudo).
Kawgel ngel waɗi ko subaka e kikiiɗe :
Reenooɓe jannginirɗi ɗii ko Habii Bari e Muhammed Bah (Jannginirdu 1), Aamadu Soh (Jannginirdu 2) e Jibi Sih e Aamadu Kebbel (Jannginirdu 3).
Ñaawooɓe taro : Bah Abdul Ajiiju e Abdul Gey.
Huufooɓe golle kawgel ngel ko : Aadama Caam – Abdul Gey – Abdul Ajiiju Bah – Jibi Sih.
Njettoor Fedde Ɓamtaare Pulaar teeŋtuɗo fayde e ardiiɓe duɗal Ceerno Njaay Baro, luɓɓe catal NDB nokkuuji mumen haa ngal waawi yuɓɓin’de ngel ɗoo kawgel. Yo Alla yoɓɓe ɓe moƴƴere!!!
Caggal ɗuum kawgel ngel sahtaama ñalnde alet 31/07/2016. Goomu saato kawgel ko ɓeeɗoo :
Hoyreejo : Aadama Caam
Terɗe : Liimaan Jah, Bah Abdul Ajiiju, Jaw Mammadu Huudu, Raamatullaay Sal
Njeñtudi sahto ngoo ko nii siforii : tawtoraaɓe kawgel ngel ko 41 almuudo. Almuudɓe 32 ndañii hakindo ( (78 %) njawtii fayde rogere ɗiɗmere. Almuudɓe 09 ndañaani hakindo (22%), njawtaani ko ruttiiɓe e rogere andannde.
Goomu nguu ina yetta denndaangal almuudɓe tawtoraaɓe kawgel ngal, kadi e ngu jaara almuudɓe yawtuɓe e kawgel ngel, eɓe cuusna kadi ɓe ndañaani yawtude ngel ɗoo kawgel, nde ɓeydata tiiɗnaare e yarlitaare, njokka jaŋde mbele ina njawta e kawgelaaji payɗi arde.
Njettoor teeŋtuɗo fayde e denndaangal terɗe kuufɗe kawgel ngel haa joofi.
Yawtuɓe e kawgel ngel
1. Hammel Aadama Joop
2. Uumaar Aliw Bah
3. Harlaw Aliw Bah
4. Usmaan Aliw Bah
5. Uumaar Hoot
6. Umaar Mammadu Njiim
7. Muusaa Mammadu Sal
8. Umaar Aadama Jaw
9. Iisaa Joop
10. Jami Aamadu Mbooc
11. Rugi Aliw Bah
12. Aliw Umaar Bah
13. Saydu Ñaŋ
14. Aamadu Usmaan Sal
15. Seeknaa Bah
16. Aamadu Jallo
17. Aamadu Jah
18. Daawuuda Sih
19. Kadi Jeey
20. Ibiraahiima Abuu Mbooc
21. Aamadu Saaw
22. Aysata Bookara Ɓaas
23. Dikko Mammadu Jaw
24. Abda Aadama Jaw
25. Hawwaa Sal
26. Kajjaa Mammadu Jaw
27. Yahyaa Njaay
28. Binta Yahyaa Bah
29. Mammadu Bah
30. Aadama Bah


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Hayyoo Jaari (Diary) Amen artii! Yoo felatnooɓe ndeƴƴu, yoo duwotonooɓe njokku.
Jaari Soh (Diary Sow) mo majjugol mum, jonte jawtuɗe ɗee, addannoo Senegaal fof dillude, artii Ndakaaru hannde Aljumaa, 29 Siilo, so en tuugniima he kabaruuji yoga he jaayndeeji leydi ndi. Jaari ko suka dewbo pullo Senegaalnaajo mo duuɓi 20, cuɓaaɗo laabi ɗiɗi, 2018, 2019, wonde almuuɗo ɓurɗo heɓtineede he nder Senegaal. Ɗuum jibinaniimo njeenaari laamu Senegaaal (bourse d’excellence) ngam waawde jaŋngoyde to duɗal keblorgal Louis-Le-Grand to Paris Frayse.
Ñalnde 4 Siilo, caggal guurte maayirɗe hitaande, nde o fotnoo fuɗɗitaade jaŋde ndee o yiyaaka to duɗal to. Ɗuum jibinanii duɗal ngal faayre haa ɓe njokkondiri he consulat Senegaal ngam habrude ɗum en wonnde omo hattaa he duɗal he. Nde haalakaa yettii laamu leydi Senegaal, hooreejo leydi o, Makki Sal, yamiri ñalnde 7 Siilo yoo laakngal werle he nder Frayse kala ngam yiytude mo. Caggal nde Polis Farayse waɗi loskooji mum, ɓe kabri wonnde jiytanɗe maɓɓe kolliri ko kanko yahi he bellanteeje hoore makko.
Ɗo adanɗoo, majjere jaari dillinii Senegaalnaaɓe fof; gila he duwawuuji haa e kirjinaali wonnde yoo laamu nguu ɓeydu heen tiɗnaare mum mbele omo yiyte. Kono caggal nde feeñi wonnde ko kanko yahi he bellanteeje makko ɗemɗe ɗee kala mbaklitiima kucciti he makko; gila he pelooje, ñiŋooje haa ni e jalkitooji, goto kala tonngiti hakkille mum woppi ɗum yoo boy he nder dingiral welmaa-kaala. Gila he nder laylayte-renndo haa e caaktirɗe kabaruuji, mo woni kala ene haala ko alaa ɗo fawii. Hay wiyooɓe koye mum en ko seernaaɓe waajotooɓe he Teleeji e rajooji, kaalii heen geɗe coofɗe ɗe kaanaani naneede he hunnduko kellifaaɗo saka noon e biyoowo ko baajotooɗo yimɓe he peewal.
He fiyaaku wayngu hononii, neɗɗo kala ene foti artirde heen hakkille mum, suɓoo ko haalata, siftora wonnde oo ɗoo ko jibinaaɗo kadi jooma banndiraaɓe, ɓe he oon tumaa ko tiiɗi ɗum en tan ko holno njiytiri ɓiyngel mum en tawa ene wuuri, ene hisi, goɗɗum kala ko haaju mum en duŋtiiɗo.
Eɗen nganndi kala jahoowo he laawol nguurndam fergitaade ɗum jommbaani, kono wona fergitaade woni yan’de, kadi yan’de neɗɗo haɗataa ɗum ummaade kadi e jokkude laawol mum. So Allah, haa jooni hay gooto anndaa ko nawnoo Jaari. Kono kala ko waawnoo won’de, eɗen mbaltanoo Allah nde holliti en ɓiyngel men. Kadi eɗen toroo mo kanko Geno baawɗo o nde o waɗantamo ko woni ɓural e makko kadi O timmina yaakaare leñol makko jogii e makko.


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Nde Fedde Winndereere Cellal (Organisation mondiale de la santé – OMS) sosaa he hitaande 1948 ndee, donngal mayre wonnoo ko « addude ɓesnguuji winndere ɗii kala he tolno cellal ɓurɗo toowde ». Ko koronaa wiris yillii winndere ndee koo, darnde mayre laaɓtaani no feewi. Donald Trump takkii « waasde tintinde yimɓe law ñanngeede Covid-19 », kam e « reftaade leydi Siin », dartinii piye mum he mayre.
OMS taccii jolɗe keewɗe he nguurndam : gidinooɗo ardaade nde oo, hono kanadaanaajo biyeteeɗo Brock Chisholm (1948-1953) ƴellitii nde he tolno winndere ndee. Won wiyɓe ko oon rokki cellal firo ngooɗoo « ngonka timmuka weytaare ɓalndu e hakkille e renndo », haaɗaani tan he « baasgol ñawu walla si’i woode ».
E hitaande 1953 beresilnaajo biyeteeɗo Marcolino Candau arditii OMS ko ɓuri duuɓi 20. Oon daraniima tigi-tigi haɓaade jontinooje (malariya, pali), huunde feewnitinoonde no feewi Dental Dowlaaji Amerik (DDA) sabu yaakoraade maa ɗum waɗan ɗum ngartam njulaagu nder leyɗe gonduɗe e ñawu nguu, kam e faddaade keƴgol toon Dental Dowlaaji Sosiyaalisteeji Sowiyet (DDSS).
Nde leyɗe maruceeje ngarti e Fedde hee e kitaale 1955-1956, jooɗaniiɗo heen DDSS wiyi wonde « daranaade mumtugol bade ko huunde aaɓniinde to bannge nganndiwal, huunde hatojinaande to bannge renndo, soñtunde to bannge faggudu ». Oon sahaa bade ko ñawu nduumiingu he nder 30 leydi. E hitaande 1959, sabu darnde leyɗe maruceeje, OMS lelni tuugnorgal mumtugol bade. E hitaande 1980 OMS wiyi « bade mumtaama he winndere ndee ».
E kitaale 1960 e 1970 dowlaaji Afrik naati fedde ndee caggal nde keɓi ndimaagu mum en, ɓeydi semmbe senngo maruceewo ngoo, sibu ɗi ngaddori heen ko miijooji ɓalliiɗi sosoyaalisma. Ɗi ɗaɓɓi « jotondire winndereeje kese ». E hitaande 1971 OMS jaɓi abbaade e hujja « safaaruuji cellal garwaniiji ». Miijannde tuuginnde e humpito Pelle ɗe ngonaa laamu garatnooɗe wallitde Afrik e Asi e Amerik latineejo, yanti e humpito « safrooji mamdiiɓe » (médecins aux pieds nus) sinuwaa en. Miijo ngoo ko heblude “gollantooɓe cellal renndo, hellifinde renndooji ɗii e koye mum en, huuɓtodinde paddagol ñawu e naatnude ɓesngu nder golle hee”.
Ardii ndee yiyannde ko Danemarkenaajo biyeteeɗo Halfdan T. Mahler, gardinooɗo OMS tuggi 1973 haa 1988. Daawal ɗamaawu mawɗo e coftal he nder fedde hee. E dow ɗaɓɓaande teeŋtunde DDSS, Halfdan jaɓi noddude joɗnde mawnde e lewru settaambar 1978 to Alma-Ata, yaltinnde ko anndiraa « bayyinaango Alma-Ata faatungo he safaaruuji cellal garwaniiji » kam e faandaare « Cellal wonande yimɓe fof e hitaande 2000 ».
Mahler wiyi ina siftora batu Alma-Ata ko batu « nanondiral » teeŋtungal. O wiyi, nde bayyinaango Alma-Ata taraa ndee, « gite heewɓe ciimtinii gonɗi ». Mahler daraniima lelnugol « doggol safaara ɓurɗo teeŋtude » caaktangol he hitaande 1977, doggol 200 safaara beeɓɗo coggu, ceedtanaaɗo moƴƴugol.
Tuggi 1980, Banke moñnjaal ine wirni OMS, tee Banke moñnjaal ɓuri rokkude hoore ko golle heeriiɓe, wonaa laamuuji. Yanti heen dañal fedde ndee ine ustoo, yeru e hitaande 1985 nde Amerik dartini piye mum. Yanti heen, he kitaale 1990-2000 sosiyateeji faramasi mawɗi mbaɗti battinde he OMS (politikaaji mum mbaɗti yooɓtoreede alɗinde yeeyooɓe safaara, mbaɗti lorde paandaale goɗɗe ɗee).
Lebbi tati jooni winndere ndee fof ko dartiinde tem sabu Covid-19, tee huunde ndee ine yurminii sibu leydi fof woƴtaa tan ko hoore mum, darnde OMS feeñaani no feewi.
Tonngol Bookara Aamadu Bah


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Caggal nde Siidi felliti artirde taccinaaɓe e mumtude macungaagu, cehilaagal makko e senerooji fuɗɗii bonde. Ngal boni noon ko nde Siidi felliti waylude guwarnama, caggal ɗum itti Seyn wul Seydaan e yimɓe mum, joɓranooɗo ballal mum Siidi, wonde hooreejo hilifaaɓe.
Laamɗo keso o hokki mo tuugnorgal golle makko. Ɗo o woni mawɗo hilifaaɓe ɗo, omo faami wonde hakkunde Siidi e militeeruuji nattii welde, tee omo nana ko ɓeen mbiyata Siidi ko («nayeejo», «konaar»), tee kanko ne omo huutoroo ɗum to bannge politik.
Ngalɗoo luural udditani Seyn damal jaajngal ngal o huutorii sanne. O waɗti fompaade hooreejo leydi, o natti wonde gollodiiɗo mum. O faalkisii cosgol parti ADIL (parti persidaa), o woni e nomande senerooji yimɓe mum en, o waɗti daraade no hooreejo leydi foti daroraade … ɗum fof ko yiɗde welnaade senerooji e hollitde o wondaani e Siidi. Diiso hilifaaɓe ngo o yuɓɓinnoo to Nuwaadibu ɗo o jaɓɓoraa no hooreejo leydi, o jaɓɓorii Siidi no morom makko.
Lebbi tati caggal batu hilifaaɓe to Nuwaadibu, seppooji murto ɓesngu mbaɗi e yoga e nokkuuji fuɗnaange leydi ndi (Neema, Timbedara, Jigenni, Kankoosa), njaaɓani reɓde e leydi he kala. Ɗum addani mawɗo leydi o miijaade yuɓɓitinde guwarnama mum. No geɗe ɗe njahri nii addani mo faamde wonde Seyn wul Seydaan ko neɗɗo militeer en.
Etaali liɓgol
Duñondiral yimɓe wallitnooɓe mo ngam heɓde moni kala huunde, haɗi Siidi waawde toɗɗaade guwarnama ngootaagu ngenndi mo luundo ngo seeraano e ɗaɓɓude.
Tabitingol tuugnorgal makko ina ɗaɓɓunoo ngonka kesa e doole kese, tawi wonaa ɗe o gollondirtunoo ɗe. Kaɓɓondire kese tafaaɗe e guwarnama Wul Waaghef ɗe, mo RFD e AJD/Mr calii jeyeede e mum o, ko udditaare feewde e doole kese, kono wonaani guwarnama ngootaagu ngenndi. Tee senerooji ɗi kollitii njaɓaani yimɓe haɓotonooɓe laamu O. Taaya ngu njeyee e guwarnama he.
So goonga, ɓurnoo muusde militeer en ɓe ko naatgol UFP e Tawasul e guwarnama, wonaa ko ɓe mbiyata «maale bonanndeeji». Dumunna juutɗo ko yimɓe militeer en ngoni e etaade faamninde ɗum en wonde Siidi ina jogii tuugnorgal politik jogorngal waylude sifaa leydi ndi, kono kadi woni ko e yiɗde tafdude e wallidiiɓe mum hesɓe ɓe keeweendi kesiri, mbele ina toɗɗitee manndaa ɗiɗmo.
Nii woni ɓe ngummanii liɓde mo. Heewɓe kaalii wonde njilluuji keewɗi ɗi Abdul Asiis waɗi to Farayse e Maruk (ɗo Muhammed 6 e hooyre mum jaɓɓii mo), ngaddanii ɗum jaɓnude ɓeen wonde Siidi ina leefi, waawaa gaddaade deeƴre leydi ndi, tee ko gardiiɗo belsindiiɗo, diwɗo diidol ngol CMJD taƴannoo ɗum e daawal ɓennungal ngal (keptingol parti islaamist, ɓallagol ownooɓe jokkondirɓe e Polisaariyoo).
Ina wayi no ko e ɗee ɗanle miijo liɓde Siidi ngo ɓenndi. Heddinoo tan ko fadde haa sahaa mum yonta. Guwarnama gadano wul Waaghef, rokki senerooji hujja, sibu wonde «kaɓɓondiral kaawningal hakkunde ardinooɓe PRDS e Islaamiste en e wonnooɓe kominist en».
Ɓe puɗɗorii murto depiteeji Adil, ɓe ardii ɗum goomu ganndiraaɗo «goomu Awjeft» (depiteeji Adraar, hono Wul Maham e wul Saamel e El arbi wul Jideyn e Abdel Kahaar, ɓe kalfinaaɗo kisal leydi ndi, hono kolonel Haadi wallitta sahaa e sahaa kala). Fayndaare murto ngo ko liɓde Siidi e rewrude e laabi sariya walla kam e feere nde sariya waawi jaɓde.
Ko e dow ɗuum wallidiiɓe maɓɓe woɗɓe njaɓi wallitde ɓe. Hooreejo leydi o, jaaborii «yiɗde maɓɓe joɗɗinde ɗaɓɓaande goppugol golle» wiyde ina fusa Asammbele.
Ndoolndoolaagu
Guwarnama wul Waaghef gadano ɓuraani lebbi ɗiɗi. Hooreejo hilifaaɓe o, nde tawnoo jeyanooka e joopaaɓe ɓe, toɗɗitaa yo taf guwarnama keso. Ufp e Tawasul njeyaaka heen. Kono hare nde ina woɗɗi joofde. Murtuɓe ɓe ɓeydii jartodinde. Ina wiyee wonde ammbasaduuji leyɗe hirnaange mbaɗiino maslahaa hakkunde ceŋɗe ɗiɗi ɗe : persidaa haayti fusde asammbele o, militeeruuji ndartina murta mum en.
E nder balɗe seeɗa, doole murto ngo puɗɗii ustaade, tawi hooreejo leydi o, heɓii e maɓɓe fotde depiteeji noogaas ciifnooɗi ɗaɓɓaande ittugol hoolaare (motion de censure). Ko ɗoon woni ɗo seneraal Asiis wiyata, e nder mitiŋaaji mum, wonde Siidi soodii depiteeji, kono o meeɗaa hokkude dalillaaji.
E oon sahaa murto ngo nattii jogaade keeweendi katojinaandi ngam dagnude golle mum en. Kulol mawngol naati ɓe. Nii woni, ñalnde 5 ut, anndiraaɓe «goomu Awjeft» e huunde e koyhoyi murto ngo njoɗii e batu ngam «waylude» feere.
Ɓe mbaawaa hankadi huutoraade parlemaa ngam liɓde hooreejo leydi o, ɓe nattii jogaade keeweendi. Ɓe ummini feere ɗiɗmere, fotnde tabitineede e nder daawe ɗiɗi. Daawal gadanal ngal ko siwil en tabitinta ɗum : yuɓɓinde seppooji tuggude aset 9 ut, potɗi yuumtude, janngo mum, e murto ɓesngu. Ɓe udditanee dame persidaas.
Daawal ɗiɗmal ngal (ñalnde 10 ut) ko konu tabitinta ɗum, tawa «ɓesngu» noddii ɗum, ngam kadi artirde deeƴre. Ngu heɓta laamu. Waktuuji seeɗa caggal nde ndee moojobere fewjaa, Siidi wul Seek Abdallaahi tintinaa ɗum. Ngolɗoo laawol kadi, o jaaɓtorii ɗum tan ko ittugol e golle mum en senerooji tati larme ɗi, e rewrude e kominikee rajo, weetndoongo 6 ut, tawi alaa fof feere woɗnde o ƴetti ngam waawoore yuumtinde kuulal o ƴetti ngal.
Wonaani waktuuji ɗiɗi caggal ɗum, senerooji ɗi mbaɗi mo kuudetaa.
Oñtugol
Kuutoragol kuudetaa haɗii liɓgol hooreejo leydi o «dagaade». Ko ɗum ɗoo yimɓe wonanɓe Siidi kuutorii e nder jeeyngal mum mawngal e lebbi cakkitiiɗi ɗi. Ina wayi no senerooji ɗi ko «dullinaaɗi» e wilde mawnde ɗo etotonoo kam en e sete parlemaateeruuji e wallidiiɓe mum en caggal leydi, taaraade, ɗo njiɗaano naatde. Ko ɓe waɗnaaɓe feere nde ɓe njiɗaano huutoraade : so kuudetaa militeer mo nganndu-ɗaa Afrik e winndere nde jaɓantaa ɓe, sibu mum en luulndaade kala «keɓrugol laamu rewrude e ndoolndoolaagu, walla feere nde rewaani laawol».
Siidi wul Seek Abdallaahi naatnii aadaaji kesi to bannge laamu ceertuɗi e ko woowanoo e duuɓi capanɗe cakkitiiɗi ɗi, hay so tawii noon omo waawi yooɓtoreede leefre, walla waasde hiisde. Hay so tawii noon sifaa no o waɗiri ɗum nii ina ñiŋni. Addani mo bone tan, ko o nuunɗii haa ɓurti.
Lebbi sappo e jey ɗi Siidi ardii leydi ndi, ngasii ngaska mawka hakkunde ceŋɗe ɗiɗi gañondirɗe no feewi. Hakkunde majje ko «luulndo demokaraasi» taƴondirngo e aada mum, ngo alaa ko hiilnii hankadi so wonaa reedu mum.
Mustafa wul Abeydarahmaan, gooto e sakkitooɓe senerooji ɗi, goongɗinii goodaangal ɗeen ceŋɗe ɗiɗi e nder haala mum e jaaynde wiyeteende Biladi (31 sulyee 2008) nde o wiyata : «senngo ngo wiyaa mbayliigu» (Siidi e wondiiɓe mum) e senngo «ooñtugol» (senerooji e murtuɓe).
So Mustafa wul Abeydarahmaan weñtitii sifaa ceŋɗe ɗiɗi ɗe, ɗuum ina faamnii, ko hono ɗuum addani senerooji innirde kuudetaa o «ooñtugol». Fof tan firti ko ɓe ngondaani e golle ɗe Siidi gollatnoo ɗe. Jonte tati caggal kuudetaa o, Ahmed Baaba Miskee, gooto e miijiyankooɓe senerooji jamfiiɗi ɗi, kam ne ɓeydi heen, e wondude e mawmawu e faajiraagal, wonde «ooñtugol» wontiino alaa e sago, ko ɗum waawnoo jibinde fof noon (yeewtere tele ñalnde 24 ut 2008).
Luure lugge
Wonaa kuudetaa o addi luural hakkunde waɗooɓe politik leydi ndi. O feeñnin luural ngal tan. Luural ngal fuɗɗii ko e diskuur persidaa waɗnoo e tele ñalnde 27 suwee 2007. Sibu ndeen, ɗum jibinii mettere mawnde, nde seeraani e yaajde e ƴellitaade e nder jonte e lebbi dewɗi heen ɗi. Ɗee biyaate bonɗe ɗe Siidi wiyetee, ɗiiɗoo seppooji e ɗee dille fof, wonaa tan sabu yiɗde wondude e laamu walla yiɗde wonde watilaaɓe.
Ko ɗum peeñirɗi pottital hakkunde nafooje mawɗe e miijooji ɓooyɗi ɗi njiɗaa goɗɗum ko wonaa ko woowanoo e leydi he ko, ɗi njiɗaa leydi ndi ummoo e sifaa mo wonnoo e mum o. Hay so tawii en njenanaaka ɗum no feewi, eɗen mbaawi wiyde wonde seppooji «heege» kewnooɗi to fuɗnaange leydi ndi, wonaa «heege» saabinoo ɗum en. Wiɗtooji keewɗi ina kolliti wonde wonaa ɗiin nokkuuji ɓuri wondude e caɗeele nguura saka seppooji «heege» ina puɗɗoroo toon (wiɗto PAM e hitaande 2006-2007).
Tee, won geɗel kadi jaaki yimɓe : seppooji ɗi mbaɗi ko e tunɗi (Mughataaji) ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ardinoo ɗum en kam en fof, ko ɓaleeɓe, so wonaa mo Kankoosa o, mo arindoo ɗum hardaane jogiiɗo innde «ɓaleejo», ina wiyee Muusaa Sammba Njaay. Leñamleñameeɓe Arabeeɓe umminiino jeeyngal mawngal caggal ñalɗi diisnondiral (settaammbar 2007) ko fayti e mooliiɓe e warngooji, ngal ɓe inniri «gartugol Senegaalnaaɓe», tee ɓe ɓurnoo joopaade hee ko Kalifu geɗe nderndere, hono Yaal Sakariyaa.
Oon ne, nde tawnoo tamaano, walla faamaano sarwisaajo kumpitooji – sarwisaaji sekere – (sarwisaaji renseignements) ɗi leñamleñameeɓe aarabeeɓe tami, keddinooɗi ɗo ngonnoo gila e laamu Maawiyya, waawaani faamde sababuuji ɗee dille kala, saka faamnina ɗum ardorde leydi ndi.
Kaɓɓondiral ɓooyngal
Miijanteendi ɗeeɗoo dille ndutto keeceeje ko miijanteendi leñam leñameeɓe aarabeeɓe. Ardii ngal no haanirta nii, ko Muhammed Yehdih wul Bereydeliil, ɓooyɗo haɓanaade Muritani Aarab tan. E nder binndanɗe ɗe o bayyini e lewru marse 2008 e jaaynde wiyeteende Nouakchott Info, wul Bereydeliil «tunngii mbaggu wolde». O ñiŋi heen ko cefe ɓaleeɓe ummoriiɗe worgo maayo, o jeertini kadi kala feere jogornde waylude mbaydi Aarabaagal Ngenndi Muritani. (…).
Denndaangal yimɓe ɓe njiɗaa mbayliigu, njeyaa ko e ɓurɓe jaɓande walla nanande leñamleñameeɓe ooyooɓe (ŋiyooɓe Muritani ko leñol gootol jeyi ɗum) : ɓurɓe heen nuunɗude ɓe, haa hannde ngoongɗinaani piggal e warngooji 98-91. Miijotooɓe maɓɓe, hay so tawii cuusaa wiyde ko kam ngollii ɗee golle bonɗe, haa hannde ina njedda wonde ɗum waɗiino. Tabitinnooɓe golle ɗe walla moddunooɓe heen hay so ko seeɗa, ina kuli fayndaare nde Siidi yooɓtortee nde.
Pelle leñamleñameeje aarabeeɓe ina ngoɗɗi wonde pelle ɓurɗe doolnude e dillere nde politik Siidi ummini, kono ko miijanteendi maɓɓe woni ɓurndi waawde heɗaneede e renndinnde ɗeeɗoo doole ndutto-keeceeje. Hay so tawii Breydelil e wondiiɓe ndokkata ɓe «ceen» walla «ñamri» ngam waawde tabitinde payndoole maɓɓe, wonaa kamɓe fof ngoongɗini ndiin miijanteendi, hay so tawii noon kuutoral mayri ko sodorde wonande won heen, ngam yettaade yiɗde mum en.
Fayde e Dowla mafiyaa
Ardiiɓe ndeeɗoo dillere ko terɗe haɓɓere ɓooynde hakkunde aristkaraasi konu ngu e huunde e julankooɓe (hommes d’affaires) alɗuɓe, ardiiɓe njuɓɓudi ñaayoori leydi ndi ko ina wona jooni duuɓi 30. Ina wommba saraaji maɓɓe e les maɓɓe cibooji e keewɗi, keɓaniiɗi foɓɓande kala laamu ngarngu ngam dañde ko ñaami.
Hono no Calame wiyrunoo ko ina wona jooni duuɓi joy (tonngoode 419 nde 19 noowammbar 2003), ko yimɓe «ɓe njiɗaa hay huunde wayloo». Ɓe njiɗaa fenaande natta, ɓayri tan aɓe mbaawi ɗum naftoraade. Ko yo yimɓe njebbilo, ɓayri ko kamɓe keedi dow. Yo baasal duumo, tawde wonaa kamɓe mbaasi. Woto demokaraasi laato, tawde ko kamɓe mbaɗata aɓe pirta. Ɓurɓe surpitaade heen, ɓurɓe bonde heen ɓe, ko «waɗooɓe afeeruuji» e yimɓe mafiyaa (keerol hakkunde maɓɓe ina metti anndude). Idanɓe ɓe ɓooyii ɗo e leydi he. Ko kamɓe fof ɓuri bonnude leydi ndi.
Wattindiiɓe ɓe ɓeydiima heewde e duuɓi cakkitiiɗi ɗi, ɓe mbaɗtii leydi ndi nokku ɓurɗo henanaade njulaagu dorog. Resooji tarafik dorog e sigaret njahii haa njettii hoore dowla o, ina njogori yooɓaade faggudu leydi ndi e renndo ngo.
Maale keewɗe ina kollita wonde Muritani woni ko e wontude dowla mafiyaa, nokku tarfikaaji dorog e njulaagu cuuɗiingu.
En njahraani caggal tan, ko en naattuɓe e jamma niɓɓo, ɗo luuɓol dorog e simme huftodini.
Safaɓe hoɗɓe worgo Tararsa mbiyatnoo henndu ummortoondu worgo, ɓuuɓndu ndu, adotoondu toɓo e nduungu, ko «Henndu fulɓe» (Rih el Fullaani).
En ɗaminooma «henndu fulɓe» caggal daawal 2005-2007 e lebbi sappo e joy laamu Siidi. Kuudetaa 6 ut 2008, kam e ɗii «ñalɗi kuftodinɗi senerooji» jalniiɗi, nduttinii en, sikke alaa heen, e nder niɓɓe «reedu fewfewru oo daabaa bonɗo», hakkunde tuddunde powbi.
Abdullaay Siree Bah
Biladi (Muritani)
Firo : Bookara Aamadu Bah