text:
(1) Ninzi ncolyaamba Bbaibbele citondezya Mwaka Mupya?
Mu Kulonga 12, Yahuwah ulailila Muusa kuti:
“Ooyu Mwezi uyooba ngomwezi wanu mutaanzi kumyezi yoonse: uyooba ngomwezi mutaanzi mumwaka kuli ndinywe” (Kulonga 12:2, KJV)
Mubwini, tulizyi kuti eeci caali ciindi munsimunsi akweelana mazuba amasiku nokuba lisyuuka masamu 1, pele ino mbubuti Muusa mbwaakali kunga waandaanya “mwezi mutaanzi” mumyaka iicizya? Mbubuti mbwaakali kunga wazyiba kuti lino mwaka uyanda kutalika bupya? Hena wakeelede kuyaamika Mwaka Mupya azintu zimena kuzwa mubulongo (mbuli maila), naa wakeelede kulanga zili kujulu? Bbuku lya Matalikilo lilijisi kwiingula:
“Lino Elohimu wakati, “Akube mimuni mumweenya wakujulu uuvungumene kuti yaandaanye sikati kuzwa kumasiku, akuba zitondezyo, aziindi zyamazuba aabikkidwe ambali, amazuba aziindi zyamwaka. Mimuni eeyo ikkale mujulu akumunikila nyika.' Mpoonya kwakaba mbubonya oobo.” (Matalikilo 1:14-15, ISR 2)
Matalikilo 1:14 alasalazya mumulaka muubauba kuti zilengwa leza zyamumweenya wajulu zyakalengelwa kuba “zitondezyo zyaziindi zibikkidwe ambali, amazuba a myaka.”Kwiinanokwaambwa zintu zimena kuzwa mubulongo mucibalo eeci pe. Kunyina pe mu Mangwalo mpocaamba kuti matalikilo aamwaka ayelede kujanwa mukulangilizya maila. Kweezyeezya kuti Mwaka Mupya ujanwa kwiinda mukutobezya libizwa maila, eelyo kakuli Mangwalo alaamba cakutajokolosya kuti zilengwa leza zyamumweenya wajulu zyeelede kuba nzyezipima mwaka, ooku nkuyungizya ataala Jwi lya Yahuwah.
“Utakayungizyi kujwi eelyo Ime ndekulailila nokuba kugwisya kuli ndilyo kutegwa webo ubambe milawo yokwa Yahuwah Eloah wako ooyo Ime ngwekulailila webo.” (Amulange Ciibalusyo 4:2.)
“Kufumbwa Ime ncekulailila webo, langisya kuti ucicite; webo utakayungizyi nokuba kugwisya kuli ndilyo.” (Amulange Ciibalusyo 12:32.)
“Kufumbwa jwi lya Eloah lilasalala: Walo nintobo yabaabo babikka lusyomo lwabo muli Nguwe. Utayungizyi webo kumajwi Aakwe, inga Walo kayoo kukalalila, alimwi webo wajanwa kuti ulimubesi.” (Amulange Tusimpi 30:5-6.)
Zilengwa zilaa mpuwo ziluulwa, eelyo noziyiisya kubizwa kwamaila aaku Palesitini kuti ncecitondezya Mwaka Mupya, ooku kweezyeezya takuyeeme acibalo ca Mangwalo nociba cili buti pe. (Kuyungizya ali ncobayeeya kuti “mulawo wamaila” ncuutakonzyi kupima aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya, amulange cibalo cilaansi aawa, camutwe “ Twaambo Tunjaanji Mukubelesya 'Kutebula Maila kwa Mulawo wa Muusa.'”)
Lino mbotwajanina aakutalikila kubala alimwi kuti zilengwa leza zyamumweenya nzyezipima myaka, mubuzyo ngwakuti “Ninzi citola busena mujulu eeco citupa kuti tuzyibe kuti lino Mupeyo wainda alimwi Mwaka Mupya ulakonzya kutalika?” Nzila iiyandika kapati eeyo iitutola kucitondezyo eeco ilakonzya kujanwa mu Kulonga 34.
“Pobwe lyabutebuzi mukalibambe, mwaakutebula zilyo zitaanzi zyamaila, alimwi apobwe lyakutebula micelo mukalibambe kumamanino amwaka [H8622]. “ (Kulonga 34:22, KJV)
Lino, atulange bbala lyaci Hebulayo, lisanduludwe kuti “kumamanino.”
H8622 (tekufah) - “kuzunguluka, kuzinguluka kwaciindi nokuba mweenya, kucenguluka, nzila yakuzinguluka” (Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Dictionary)
Nokuba kuti tacilibonyi mpeenya eeco caambwa muBbaibbele lya KJV, ibbala lyakasandululwa aawa kuti “kumamanino” [Strong's H8622] lyaamba ciindi camwaka lyeelene mazuba amasiku naakunkumuna matuvwu masamu akataa mwaka. Eeci ncecaambwa mukaambo kakuti Pobwe lya Kubungana, eelyo lwaambwa kuti “Pobwe lya Mavwuka” a “Pobwe lya Zivwuka,” litola busena mumwezi wa Ciloba (Bapaizi 23:34)- akataa mwaka, kutali kumamanino aamwaka pe.
Ibbuku lya Encyclopedia Judaica lilazuminana abupanduluzi oobu.
“Mbuli mbokwaambidwe, zibeela zyamwaka wabu Juuda zyone ziitwa kuti tekufot [mubunji ziitwa kuti tekufah; H8622]. Mubwini, matalikilo aacibeela comwe comwe camwaka ali zyone eezi, kutobelezya bwaamba banjibanji, kuti ngamatalikilo- aayitwa kuti Tekufah (naakuti “kuzinguluka”, kuzyila kubbala קוף eelyo lisweene alya נקף , “kuzinguluka”), tekufah wamwezi Nisan caamba kuti zuba lilaa cibaka ciitwa kuti (vernal equinoctial point) naa mpaayelana mazuba amasiku, aawo mumwezi wa Tammuz mazuba amasiku naaimpana bulamfu ciindi ca mainza, mumwezi wa Tishri aawo zuba mpolili aciindi ceelena mazuba amasiku, ciindi likunkumuka masamu, alimwi mumwezi wa Tevet liimpana bulamfu mwamazuba amasiku ciindi ca mupeyo.” (Encyclopedia Judaica,Article “Calendar”,p.356)
Bupanduluzi bulaansi aawa bulasalazya eeco caambwa mu Kulonga 34:22.
“Pobwe lyabutebuzi mukandibambile Ime, mwaakutebula zilyo zitaanzi zyamaila, alimwi apobwe lyakutebula micelo mukalibambe akataa mwaka.” (Kulonga 34:22, Brenton's English Septuagint)
“Alimwi nywebo mukalibambe pobwe lya mvwiki, lyamicelo mitaanzi mukutebula maila, apobwe lyakubunganya kumacengulukilo aamwaka.” (Kulonga 34:22, Darby)
Aboobo, twajana zintu zitobela aawa:
- Pobwe lya Kubunganya licengulukila abutebuzi bwa Mwezi wa Ciloba (Bapaizi 23:34).
- Pobwe lya Kubunganya lijatikizya ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku lili akataa mwaka.
Ncintu cilaa maanu kutobezya zilaatala aawa kuti matalikilo aamwaka aswaangene aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku nozisyuuka zimena kuzwa mubulongo, eeci citola myezi ili cisambomwe kakutana sika kweelana mazuba amasiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuna matu. Kuti mapobwe aaciindi likunkumuka masamu kaali akataa mwaka mazuba amasiku kaayelana, nkokuti mapobwe aalisyuuka zimena ansi, eelyo mazuba naayelana amasiku ali kumatalikilo aamwaka.
Ncintu ceelede kubikkilwa maanu aawa kuti Pobwe lya Kubunganya liyeeme cigaminina aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuna matuvwu; aboobo, kutegwa mulazyo wa Bbaibbele utobelwe, Pobwe lya Kubunganya lyeelede kubambwa mubuzuba buli munsaa buzuba bweelana abusiku muciindi cikunkumuka masamu.
(1a) Hena eeci cileendelana akuyandaula aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya kabwiindide buzuba lyeelana buzuba abusiku (vernal equinox)?
Nee, kutali lyoonse pe. Zimwi ziindi kubelesya nzila eeyi, Ipobwe lya Kubunganya inga lyabeda munsa lyeelana buzuba abusiku muciindi cikunkumuka masamu. Zimwi ziindi, nokuba boobo, Ipobwe lya Kubunganya inga lyamuka kusika kwa mvwiki zyosanwe kabwiindide buzuba bweelana abusiku! (eeci inga ciyooba ncecitola busena mu 2015, kuti nzila eeyi niyali njiyo iibelesyegwa.)
(1b) Hena eeci cileendelana akujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya wiinda kuba munsaa lyeelana mazuba amasiku?
Inzya, lyoonse mbombubo. Kubelesya nzila eeyi, Pobwe lya Kutebula inga lyoonse kalili munsimunsi nokuba aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku liya masamu naakunkumuna matu. Eeli Pobwe inga lyasika kufwamba akataa mazuba aali ciloba akkumi kacitana sika ciindi eeco. Alimwi inga lyamuka kusika kwa mvwiki zyotatwe kaciindide ciindi eeco. (Ooku nkweezyeka kupima; pele tatunajene ciindi eelyo Pobwe nilyakasika mvwiki zyotatwe kaciindide ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku, notubelesya nzila eeyi.)
Kukosozya kaambo:
Alikke aawo aapedwe mu Mangwalo aagantilwa Mwaka Mupya cabululeme, mpaaciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku naakunkumuna matuvwu masamu. Kulonga 34:22 kwaambwa kuti Pobwe lyaButebuzi (mumwezi waciloba uutobezya mwezi uubonwa) lyeelede kusekelelwa aciindi ca tekufah, eeco caamba kuti nciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku naakunkumuka masamu ----. Tacikonzyeki kubamba mulazyo ooyu kuti lyoonse Mwaka Mupya kuujanwa kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uutobela musyule lya ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku eelo masamu naakunkumuka matu----. Kuti twajanya Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya ulii munsi aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku ---- , nokuba boobo, lyoonse inga katweendelana amulazyo wa Bbaibbele. Pele tatulekeli waawa buyo...
(2) Ninzi balembi bamusela mutaanzi kuzwa ciindi ca Kristu ncobanga batwaambila amakani aa Mwaka Mupya?
Philo, Mwiiyi waci Giliki Mujuuda, ooyo wakapona katanazyalwa Kristu, muciindi ca Kristu, alimwi kamanide mulimo wakwe Kristu, wakalemba zinjaanji zijatikizya kkalenda lya Bbaibbele mumusela mutaanzi kaaindide Kristu. Muzilembedwe zyakwe ansi aawa, Philo ulazumina kuti Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena lijatene aciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku --- alimwi Pobwe lya Butebuzi, lijatene aciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku liya masamu naakunkumuka.
“Muciindi citaanzi izina ndyaakapa ciindi lisyuuka masamu akweelana mazuba amasiku, Walo wakabamba pobwe lyacinkwa citakwe bumena eelyo lyeelede kusekelelwa kwamazuba aali ciloba, zyoonse eezyi nzyaakabikka, zyeelede kuti zilemekezyegwe mupobwe eelyo. Nkaambo Walo wakalailila kuti zipaizyo zili kkumi abuzuba, zyeelede kupegwa mubuzuba bwa mwezi mupya, zipaizyo zyakuumpa antoomwe zyisikila makumi ali ciloba kugwisyila zyipaizyo zyakuumpila zinyonyoono. Walo wakalanganya kuti, mazuba aali ciloba aapobwe eelede kweendelana a ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku eeco cisikila mumwezi wa ciloba mbweenya mbuli mwezi uubonwa mbuweendelana amwezi uubalwa.” (Philo, Special Laws I (181- 182) [Colson's Translation]) [Amubikkile maanu aawa: Philo, aawa waamba kuti ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku muciindi likunkumuka masamu cisikila mumwezi waciloba, mbweenya aMangwalo mbwaatondezya- Kulonga 34:22.]
“mweelwe waciloba ulapa mapobwe mapati aatola mazuba manji, mapobwe obile, aasikila muziindi zyobile lyeelana mazuba amasiku, lyomwe lyomwe, litola mazuba aali ciloba, litaanzi muciindi lisyuuka masamu kuti kusekelelwe kubizwa kwazisyango, lyabili mucilimo nokubunganyigwa micelo yoonse...” (Philo, The Decalogue (161) [Colson's Translation])
“...nkaambo lyakali pobwe lyaba Juuda muciindi ceelena mazuba amasiku cilimo, eelyo nocili cilengwa caba Juuda kukkalila mumavwuka.” (Philo, Flaccus XIV (116) [Yonge's Translation]) {Amulangisye aawa: eeci caambwa waawa caamba Pobwe lyaButebuzi, ndeenya liitwa kuti “Pobwe lya Mavwuka” naa “Pobwe lya Zivwuka,” oomo bana Isilayeli “mobaali kukkalila kwamazuba aali ciloba.” Amulange Bapaizi 23:39-42.]
Flavius Josephus, sicikolo mu Juuda waku Loma mumusela mutaanzi kaindide Kristu, upa mumuni munji kukaambo aaka akuyumya kuteelela kwesu. Josephus upa bupanduluzi kwaamba aayimvwi zuba kweendelana anyenyezi muciindi ca Pasika.
“Mumwezi wa Xanthicus, ooyo ngwotwiita kuti Nisan, uutalisya mwaka wesu, mubuzuba bwakkumi awone mwamwezi uutobezya mwezi uulibonya ameso, eelyo zuba nolili mucibaka ca nyenyezi ziitwa kuti Aries, (nkaambo ooyu ngomwezi iswe nitwaavwunwa kuzwa mubuzike buna Ijipita), mulawo wakali wakuti, iswe lyoonse amwaka tweelede kujaya cipaizyo, eeco Ime ncindaamwaambide kuti twaajaya liya nitwaazwa ku Ijipita, alimwi caali kwiitwa kuti Pasika naa Mulalilo...” (Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book III, Chapter 10, paragraph 5, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/complete.ii.iv.x.html)
Katutana amba cintu cijatikizya ncaamba aawa Josephus, kweelede kuteelelwa citobela: Nkaambo ka kuyaa bukwazamuka kwamulengalenga, kweenda kwazuba kweendelanya anyenyezi takucili ,mbukwaali mumazuba aa Josephus. Mumusela mutaanzi kaindide Kristu, ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku nicaali kutola busena eelyo zuba nilyaali kusika acibeela aali nyenyezi zya Aries (naa Mugutu). Sunu nokuba boobo, eeci ciindi cicitikila leelyo zuba nolili mubbazu lyanyenyezi zyiitwa kuti Pisces.
Atala aawa: Ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku mumwaka wa 31AD – amubikkile maanu kuti nyenyezi zya Aries zyili munsaa nzila yiinda zuba kutobela ciindi eeco.
Atala aawa: Ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku mumwaka 2013 AD- amubikkile maanu kuti sunu, nyenyezi zya Aries tazyicili munsaa nzila yiinda zuba kutobela ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku. Nyenyezi zya Aries zyakaatuka nkaambo kakukwazamuka kwa mulengalenga.
Nokubakuti tatukonzyi kubelesya nyenyezi eezyi mazubaano mbuli mbubaali kucita mumusela mutaanzi kuti bajane aatalikilwa mwaka, tulakonzya kubona ncobeni mbubaali kujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku.
Atulange ncaakaamba Josephus alimwi:
“Mumwezi wa Xanthicus, ooyo ngwotwiita kuti Nisan, uutalisya mwaka wesu, mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane mwamwezi uutobezya mwezi uulibonya, eelyo zuba nolili abbazu lya nyenyezi ziitwa kuti Aries, (nkaambo ooyu ngomwezi iswe nitwaavwunwa kuzwa mubuzike buna Ijipita), mulawo wakali wakuti iswe lyoonse amwaka tweelede kujaya cipaizyo, eeco Ime ncindaamwaambide kuti twaajaya liya nitwaazwa ku Ijipita, alimwi caali kwiitwa kuti Pasika naa Mulalilo...” (Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book III, Chapter 10, paragraph 5, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/complete.ii.iv.x.html)
Aawa, Josephus waamba cakusalazya kuti Pasika waali kusekelelwa ciindi eelyo zuba nilyaali mucibaka canyenyezi zya Aries.
(2a) Hena bumboni bwa Josephus buleendelana lyoonse akujana Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide kale ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku--- kuti mpaatalikila mwaka?
Nee, peepe. Kuti mumusela mutaanzi, bakatalikide kale kwaamba kuti Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku weelede kuba aatalikilwa mwaka, Pasika naakali kunga zimwi ziindi wasekelelwa eelyo zuba nolili mubusena bwanyenyezi zya Taurus (kulaale anyenyezi zya Aries). Zimwi ziindi eeyi nzila niyaabikka Pasika mubusena bwa Aries; alimwi zimwi ziindi pe.
Atala aawa: Mwaka wa 31AD -Kujana Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kuti mpaatalikila Mwaka kaciindide ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku nicaabikka Pasika (buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi uulibonya) mucibaka canyenyezi zya Taurus, kulaale a nyenyezi zya Aries. Eeci taceendelani abumboni bwa Josephus kuti zuba lyeelede kuba mubusena bwa nyenyezi zya Aries (mumusela mutaanzi) mubuzuba bwa Pasika. (Amubikkile maanu: eeci cilibonya kunsaa zuba tuusyi mwezi pe; ncizimweemwe camumuni wazuba mbuli mbuuboneka mumuncini uubweza cifwanikiso.)
(2b) Hena bumboni bwa Josephus buleendelana akujana Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku eelyo nozisyuuka zisamu kuti mpaatalikila mwaka?
Inzya mbombubo. Kuti mumusela mutaanzi, Mwezi Mupya ooyo waali munsimunsi kapati a ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku nozisyuuka zisamu, niwaali kubelesyegwa kuti mpaatalikila mwaka, Pasika naakasika eelyo zuba kalili munsaa nyenyezi zya Aries. Kubelesya nzila eeyi inga ceendelana abupanduluzi mbwapa mubumboni bwakwe Josephus.
Atala aawa: 31AD- Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku kumatalikilo aamwaka inga niwaabikka Pasika (buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwa mwezi) mubbazu lya Aries, eeci cileendelana a bumboni bwa Josephus.
Lino atusanyangule cibalo cikondelezya kuzwa mubbuku lya Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History. Eusebius wakali mulembi waba Loma wakapona mumusela wamyaka 260A.D. kusikila mwaka 340 A.D. Mucibalo citobela eeci, walo wiinduluka kwaamba cili mubbuku lya Canons of Anatolius on the Paschal (Passover) Festival
“Pele ooyu tuuli muzeezo wesu, pele nguyooyo waazyibwe abaJuuda bansiku loko, katanasika Kristu awalo, alimwi wakali kubambwa kabotukabotu ambabo. Eeci tucizyibila muli cakaamba Philo, Josephus a Musæus; kutali buyo kuzwa kuli mbabo, pele kuzwa akuli bamwi bansiku lini kwiinda mbabo, Agathobuli 'Masters', a Aristobulus ulaa mpuwo, ooyo waasalidwe akataa basanduluzi ba Mangwalo aasetekene aaci Hebulayo bali makumi ciloba, bakasalwa a Ptolemy Philadelphus awisi wakwe, walo wakalilyaabide cakumaninina kusandulula mabbuku aa Muusa kubami mbeenya. Aaba balembi, kapandulula mibuzyo kujatikizya Kulonga,baamba kuti boonse beelede kupa zipaizyo zya pasika kwainda ciindi ceelene mazuba amasiku, akataa mwezi mutaanzi. Pele eeci cicitika ciindi zuba noliinda mucibeela citaanzi ca mulengalenga. Aristobulus ulayungizya kuti cileelede kupobwe lya pasika kuti kutali buyo kuti zuba kaliinda mucibeela camulengalenga eeco, pele amwezi awalo. Nkaambo mbuli mbokuli zibeela zyobile zyamulengalenga, cilimo alisyuuka masamu, kaziimpene mpoziimvwi, alimwi mbuli buzuba bwa pasika mbubwaabikkwa mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, kutalikila mangolezya, mwezi uunooli acibaka ciimpene abusena aali zuba, mbuli mbokubonwa eelyo myezi niizwide kumweka; alimwi zuba linooli mubusena mpolijanika ciindi lisyuuka zisamu, eelyo mwezi nuuli abusena mpuujanika cilimo.”(Eusebius Ecclesiastical History, Book 7,Chapter 32, http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/250107.htm)
Kuzwa muzilembedwe eezi, tujana makani aaya:
- Pasika tuukonzyi kuba kacitaninga sika ciindi ceelana
mazuba amasiku:
“. . . boonse beelede kupaizya zipaizyo zyapasika kaciindide ciindi ca kweelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, akataa mwezi mutaanzi.”
- Mwezi uuzwide kumweka weelede kusika kaciindide ciindi
ceelana mazuba amasiku:
“Aristobulus ulayungizya kuti cileelede kupobwe lya pasika kuti kutali buyo kuti zuba kaliinda mucibeela camulengalenga, pele amwezi awalo. Nkaambo mbuli mbokuli zibeela zyobile zyamulengalenga, cilimo alisyuuka masamu, kaziimpene mpoziimvwi, alimwi mbuli buzuba bwa pasika mbubwaabikkwa mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, kutalikila mangolezya, mwezi uunooli acibaka ciimpene abusena aali zuba, mbuli mbokubonwa eelyo myezi niizwide kumweka; alimwi zuba linooli mubusena mpolijanika lisyuuka zisamu, eelyo mwezi nuuli abusena mpuujanika cilimo.”
Kulanga buyo ameso cilangikaanga eezi ninzila zyeenzu zyobile. Pele kusanyangula zyaambwa eezyi, ciyubununa buyo kuti eeyi ninzila yakupima nzitwaiya kusikila waawa iilondokede kapati, ooku nkokwaamba kuti Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu weelede kutalisya mwaka. Aawa kweelede kubikkilwa maanu amwezi uuzwide, uujatikizya Pasika aPobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena. Mwezi uuzwide mpaaleembwa mwezi woonse; amwezi uuzwide mpaakatikati kamwezi. Kuti mwezi uuzwide (akataa mwezi) wasika kumbele munsaa ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku eelyo lisyuuka masamu, nkabela Mwezi Mupya uutobela nguunooli munsaa ciindi eeco kapati. Tacili cintu cuubauba mbuli kubala mazuba akataa Mwezi Mupya aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku, nkaambo mazuba eeni taatondezyi kuti mpali akataa mwezi. Ooku munzila imwi nkokwaamba kuti akataa mwezi ncobeni (nkokuti mwezi uuzwide kumweka) taasikili mubuzuba bwa kkumi abwane bwamwezi lyoonse; alimwi tabusikili mubuzuba bwakkumi abwasanu bwamwezi lyoonse. Mbutwaamba boobo, zimwi ziindi inga twalubuzya kuti katubala buyo mazuba aali akataa Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku. Kulomya kubona kuti zyoonse zyobile, Pasika (buzuba bwa kkumi abwane bwamwezi) amwezi uuzwide kumweka kazyisikila cainda ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku ngomusunko wini. Ansi aawa kuli cifwanikiso citondezya bwini eeco Aristobulus ncaakali kwaamba eelyo naakati,
“Aristobulus ulayungizya kuti cileelede kupobwe lya pasika kuti kutali buyo kuti zuba kaliinda mucibeela camulengalenga, pele amwezi awalo. Nkaambo mbuli mbokuli zibeela zyobile zyamulengalenga, cilimo alisyuuka masamu, kaziimpene mpoziimvwi, alimwi mbuli buzuba bwa pasika mbubwaabikkwa mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, kutalikila mangolezya, mwezi uunooli acibaka ciimpene abusena aali zuba, mbuli mbokubonwa eelyo myezi niizwide kumweka; alimwi zuba linooli mubusena mpolijanika lisyuuka zisamu, eelyo mwezi nuuli abusena mpuujanika cilimo.”
Atala aawa: Eeci cifwanikiso citondezya citola busena aciindi mwezi wazulila kumweka kaciindide ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku. Mweengwe wanyanzabili utondezya bweende bwa zuba amwezi kuzwa kulumwesyi kuya kululyo. Amubikkile maanu kuti zuba amwezi zyakakosola kale mweengwe waandula mulengalenga akati (mweenwge uusubila) alimwi zyiliimpene lino mpozyibede mumulengalenga, izuba kalili abusena mpolijanika ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, mwezi kuuli abusena mpuujanika ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku cilimo, mbweenya mbwaakaamba Eusebius.
Eeci ncintu cikondelezya! Kuti twatalika Mwaka Mupya, katubelesya Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, eelyo Pasika amwezi uuzwide kumweka nuusikila mpawo, inga twalulama kutobezya kkalenda eelyo Eusebius ndyaakalemba. (Ncintu ceelede kubikkilwa maanu aawa, kujatikizya ncaakaamba Aristobulus kuti ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, ceelede kusolweda amwezi uuzwide kumweka wamwezi mutaanzi, inga camvwika aanga tacikwe maanu kuti Mwezi Mupya, uutobela ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku, niwali nguwo uutalisya mwaka; nkaambo inga mwezi uuzwide kumweka, uuli mumwezi mutaanzi, niwali kusika mvwiki zinjaanji kaciindide ciindi eeco. Nkaambo Aristobulus wakabikkila maanu kuti aambe cintu eeci ncecipa kuzyibya kuti zimwi ziindi mwezi uuzwide kumweka wamwezi mutaanzi inga wasikila aciindi cilaafwi kapati aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku.)
Amubikkile maanu aawa:Kuyungizya cakaamba Eusebius eeco cijatikizya milazyo ya kkalenda lya Bbaibbele, akulomya kubona kuti Pasika ulasika kaciindide ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku ncintu cilaa maanu, nkaambo cilomya kutondezya kuti Pasika omwe buyo ulatobelwa mumwaka uli oonse (kuzwa kuciindi lisyuuka masamu kusikila kuciindi lisyuuka masamu).
(2c) Hena zilembedwe zya musela zileendelana akujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uutobela ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku?
Nee, peepe. Kuti twatalika Mwaka Mupya, mukubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku:
- ...zimwi ziindi inga eeci catonkela Pobwe lya Butebuzi kulaale kaciindide ciindi cakweelana buzuba abusiku, eeci ncintu citeendelani abumboni bwa Philo (nokuba Mangwalo).
- ...zimwi ziindi inga calekela ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku kuti cibe mumwezi wacisambomwe, eeci alimwi ncintu citeendelani abumboni bwa Philo (nokuba Mangwalo).
- ...zimwi ziindi inga capa kuti zuba libe munsaa nyenyezi zya Pisces (kulaale a nyenyezi zya Aries) aciindi ca Pasika wamusela mutaanzi, acalo eeci taceendelani abumboni bwa Josephus.
(2d) Hena zilembedwe zyamusela zileendelana akujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku naakunkumuka masamu?
Inzya. Kutalikila Mwaka Mupya, katubelesya Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku (eeco cipandululwa mubululeme kuti lyoonse cibikka mwezi uuzwide kumweka aPasika kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku), alimwi ncintu ceendelana abumboni bwa Philo, Josephus, a Eusebius.
Kukosozya kaambo:
Bumboni bwabalembi bansiku butondezya kuti wakali Mwezi Mutaanzi uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu, kuti mpaakali kutalikilwa mwaka ( eeco cipandululwa mubululeme kuti lyoonse cibikka mwezi uuzwide kumweka aPasika kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku). Muntu takonzyi kuya kumbele kweendelana a bumboni bwa Philo a Josephus, kumwi kacilamatide Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku kuti mpaatalikila Mwaka Mupya.
(3) Mangwalo atondezya kuti izuba, mwezi, anyenyezi zyeelede kubelesyegwa kubamba akupima ciindi. (Matalikilo 1:14-16)
(3a) Notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi, ooyo uli munsimunsi kapati kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku naakunkumuka masamu, hena zyoonse zyotatwe zyeelede kubelesyegwa (izuba, mwezi anyenyezi)?
Nee, peepe. Bumboni bwa Josephus bujatikizya nyenyezi zya Aries mbuzyaaswaangene a Pasika mumusela mutaanzi bweelede kubikkwa ambali kutegwa eeyi nzila itobelwe.
(3b) Eelyo notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kutalikila aMwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku, hena zyoonse zyotatwe eezyi zyeelede kubelesyegwa (izuba, mwezi, anyenyezi)?
Inzya. Eeyi nzila ileendelana abumboni bwa Josephus kuti nyenyezi zya Aries zyakali kuswaangana aPasika mumusela mutaanzi.
Amubikkile maanu aawa: Nokuba kuti ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku ciyaa kukunkulikila kuzwa kujwe kuya kumbo, anzila yiinda zuba nolitobela mweengwe waandulula mulengalenga akati, iyaa bucinca kuzwa kumazuba aaJosephus, tucikonzya mazubaano kubelesya nyenyezi kuti tulomye kujana aatalikilwa mwaka. Nokuba kuti kuli ziindi zimwi zuba nolikonzya kusika munsaa nyenyezi zya Aries muciindi ca Pasika, kanjikanji zuba lijanika munsaa nyenyezi zya Pisces mubuzuba bwa Pasika. Mazubaano, izuba lyoonse lijanika munsaa nyenyezi zya Pisces, eelyo buzuba abusiku nobweelana, alimwi munsimunsi anyenyezi zya Virgo ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu.
Kukosozya kaambo:
Notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo lisyuuka masamu, cileendelana aMangwalo, nkaambo cilajatikizya akweendelana abumboni bwamisela mbuzyaali kuswaangana a Pasika inyenyezi zya Aries mumusela mutaanzi.
(4) Kujatikizya bwiimpene bulamfu bwamyaka, tulizyi kuti kuli myaka ili ciloba mifwaafwi mukuzinguluka kwa myaka kkumi afuka:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
(4a) Hena eeyi Myaka ilabikkilwa maanu kuti twatalikila Mwaka mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naasyuuka?
Inzya mbombubo. Oobu mbumboni bubotya zilengwa leza zya Mulengi. Ooku kuzinguluka kwa myaka, nokuba kuti takupi bumboni kunzila niiba buti, pele kulatutondezya aawo mpotubede mukucenguluka kwa myaka. (amulange cifwanikiso ca Metonic Cycle Chart.)
(5) Mwezi uyoobaya ziindi zyobile (bamwi ngobati “mwezi uusubila”) mu 2014 alimwi ziindi zyobile mu 2015 (zyone antoomwe).Hena inga eeci cintu citabonwibonwi kacili citondezyo kubasyomeka ba Yahuwah kuti njeeyi nzila iiluleme yakutalika Mwaka Mupya?
Mangwalo aloongomene kutondekela bantu kuzilengwa leza zyamulengalenga, aboobo ncintu camaanu kukosola kaambo kuti, ooku kubaya kwamwezi, mubwini, ncitondezyo cabulemu, kuti kuswaangana aMapobwe aamwaka tacili cilengwa leza buyo citola busena.
“Walo nguupa mweelwe wanyenyezi, Walo nguupa mazina kuli zinzyo zyoonse. Mupati Simalelo wesu alimwi ngusinguzu zyoonse, Kunyina magolelo aabusongo Bwakwe.” (Intembauzyo 147:4-5, ISR)
“Langa mujulu ameso aako ubone. Nguni wakazilenga zyoonse eezyi? Ooyo uuzyileta mumakamu mumyeelwe yazyo, Walo nguzyiita zyoonse mazina, kwiinda munguzu Zyakwe- kunyina isweekede.” (Izaya 40:26, ISR)
(5a) Hena ooku kubaya kwamwezi inga kweendelana a buzuba butaanzi bwa Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena abuzuba butaanzi bwa Mavwuka mumyaka yobile eelyo notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi ceelana buzuba abusika eelyo masamu naasyuuka?
Nee, peepe.Inga ooku kubaya kwaswaangana buyo a Mapobwe aamu 2014. Mapobwe aamu 2014 ayoosika mwezi omwe musyule kakwiindide kubaya kwamwezi ooku.
(5b) Hena ooku kubaya kwamwezi kuyooswaangana a buzuba butaanzi bwa Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena, abuzuba butaanzi bwa Mavwuka mumyaka yobile eelyo notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu nasyuuka?
Inzya. Ooku kubaya kuyooswaangana aMapobwe aamyaka yobile eeyi (2014-2015).
Kukosozya kaambo:
Inga bwaba buyamba kuti bantu basyomeka ba Yahuwah tiibalanganya zitondezyo eezyi zyitola busena mumulengalenga mumazubaano aacaalizya. Ndijanza lyokwa Yahuwah liimikizya akweendelezya zintu zyoonse mumulengalenga. Mumawoola aamamanino aaya, basyomwa ba Yahuwah beelede kubikkila maanu kapati akulangisya zyili zyoonse zyitola busena mujulu.
“Alimwi Ime njookutondezya maleele mujulu, azitondezyo anyika ansi; bulowa, amulilo, abusi buunduluka: Izuba liyoosanduka akuba musinze, alimwi mwezi uyooba mbuli bulowa, kabutana sika buzuba bupati alimwi butaambiki bwa Simalelo wesu.” (Amulange Milimo 2:19-20).
Amubikkile maanu aawa: Eeci tatwaambi kuti mbobumboni bwakutobela nzila yakutalikila Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati aciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naasyuuka kuti mpaatalikilwa Mwaka pe, nkaambo kwakainda ziindi zinjaanji musyule eelyo mwezi niwaabaya (mbuli mu 1967-1968) eezyo zyakali kukonzya kuswaangana amapobwe aabelesya nzila eeyi. Pele ncintu cikondelezya kubikkila maanu kucintu citola busena eeci.
(1) Mubuzyo/kukazya: Kuti Mwezi mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo amasamu naasyuuka kuuli aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya ncobeni, mbubuti mbotunga twazyiba kacitana sika ciindi eeco kuti nguli Mwezi Mupya unooli munsimunsi kapati aciindi eeco?
KWIINGULA: Eeyi mibuzyo mibotu kapati.Taakwe kudonaika kuti basyomeka bana Isilayeli bakeelede kuzyiba kacitaninga sika ciindi ca Pasika. Mumyaka eeyo Pasika niwaali kusikila munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu (mubuzuba butobela), bana Isilayeli bakali kukkala anze amunzi wa Jelusalema bakali kutalika musinzo wabo kacitaninga sika ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku. Tacili cintu cizyibidwe lino kuti bakali kuzyiba buti kuti ciindi eeco caswena kujatikizya Myezi Mipya kutegwa bagante eeni aatalikilwa mwaka. Cintu comwe cili masimpe, nokuba boobo: bana Isilayeli bansiku bakalizyi citaambiki bweende bwazyintu mumulengalenga. Iswe notupona mazubaano, aluzyibo ndotujisi kwiinda mumincini tuyaabuswena buyo aluzyibo oolo lwaazyibidwe kumuntu uli oonse muciindi cabana Isilayeli.
Kubula luzyibo kwesu, mazubaano, mbumboni bwakusweekelwa luzyibo kwiinda mukuzanga akukaka kuteelela. Kwaalilwa kuteelela bweende bwazintu mumulengalenga mbuli bantu bansiku mbubaazyi kale, tacilesyi kuti bumboni buyaakuyubunuka bwakuti Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku, eelyo masamu naasyuuka, nguutalisya mwaka wa Bbaibbele.
Ambweni bakali kubala buyo mazuba aali mwaanda amakumi lusele2 kuzwa aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku [masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu] kutegwa babaa muzeezo kuti ciindi citobela cabuzuba bweelana abusiku, eeco lisyuuka masamu kuti cisika lili, nkabela akupima aawo ayoosikila Myezi Mipya kujatikizya kubala kwabo ooko. Mukonzyanyo uupedwe ngooyu, kuti ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku, eelyo masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu kacili caasika mubuzuba butaanzi bwa Pobwe lya Mavwuka (bwakkumi abwasanu bwamwezi waciloba), bakali kukonzya kupima munzila iitobela:
- Mazuba mwaanda amakumi lusele (180)= mweelwe wamazuba aakataa ciindi buzuba bweelana abusiku muciindi masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu kusikila ciindi masamu naasyuuka alimwi buzuba kabweelana abusiku.
- Mazuba mwaanda amakumi lusele (180 - kugwisyila mazuba kkumi awosanwe (15) mazuba aceede mumwezi waciloba)= mazuba aali mwaanda makumi cisambomwe awosanwe (165) aceede kusikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu kaasyuuka, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya wamwezi walusele. Nkokuti 180-15=165 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba aali mwaanda makumi cisambomwe awosanwe (165) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5) = mazuba mwaanda makumi otatwe awosanwe akwiinda akati bomwe (135.5) aceede mumwaka kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lusyuuka masamu, mubuzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya wamwezi wafuka (9th). Nkukuti 165-29.5=135.5 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba mwaanda makumi otatwe awosanwe akwiinda akati bomwe (135.5) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5)= mazuba mwaanda acisambomwe (106) aceede mumwaka kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lusyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi wakkumi (10th). Nkukuti 135.5-29.5=106 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba mwaanda acisambomwe (106) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5)= mazuba makumi ciloba acisambomwe akwiinda akati bomwe (76.5), aceede kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lusyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi wakkumi aumwi (11th). Nkokui 106-29.5=76.5 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba makumi ciloba acisambomwe akwiinda akati bomwe (76.5) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5) = mazuba makumi one aciloba (47), aceede kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lisyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi wakkumi aibili (12th). Nkokuti 76.5-29.5=47 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba makumi one aciloba (47) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5)= mazuba kkumi aciloba akwiinda akati bomwe (17.5) aceede kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lisyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi uutobela. Nkokuti 47-29.5=17.5 mazuba aceede.
- Nkaambo mazuba aali kkumi
aciloba akwiinda akati bomwe (17.5) alaindilizya amazuba aali kkumi awone
(14.77) , nkokuti kwiinda akati mwezi omwe, ooyu inga waba mwezi wakkumi aitatu
(13th), alimwi nkokuti Mwezi Mupya (uusikila mumazuba aali kkumi
aabili (12) kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu)
mpaatalikila Mwaka Mupya.
Amubikkile maanu aawa: Kufumbwa kuti mpomubede mumyaka ili kkumi afuka (Metonic Cycle) mwaazyiba bwini, mweelwe wamyezi icili kumbelaa mazuba, (nkokuti aatalikilwa mwaka omwe omwe) inga mwaazyiba kacitaninga sika ciindi eeco.
Kupima ciindi mumusyobo ooyu inga tiimwayimpya kujana aatalikilwa mwaka eelyo ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu nicaali kusikila munsaa mwezi uuzwide kumweka akataa mwezi, pele alimwi, luzyibo lwabo lwajulu nilwaali kwiinda ndotujisi mazubaano. Ncintu ncotunga twainduluka kwaamba kuti kwaalilwa kwesu kuteelela bweenda zilengwa leza mumulengalenga mbuli bantu bansiku, tacilesyi bumboni bwakuti Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu, mpaatalikilwa mwaka wa Bbaibbele.
(2) Mubuzyo/ kukazya: Philo waamba kuti “matalikilo” aaciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu nceciindi citalika mwaka mutaanzi wa Bbaibbele. Hena eeci tacaambi kuti Mwezi Mupya kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu mpaatalikila mwaka?
“Muusa wakasimpa ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu kuti mpaatalikilwa mwaka mutaanzi wamwaka, akupa bulemu, kuleka mbuli bamwi mbobacitila kucenguluka kwamwaka, pele kupeda bulemu kububotu bwa zilengwa leza oobo bumunikila bantu... Kutobelezya, mumwezi ooyu, mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwa mwezi, eelyo mwezi nuuyanda kuzulila kumweka, ipobwe lyanyika yoonse lya pasika nolisekelelwa. . .” (Philo. On The Life of Moses II, Section XLI (222-224),http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/yonge/book25.html)
KWIINGULA: Ooyu mubuzyo mubotu kapati. (Nkamu ya WLC ayalo yakaambide cintu cilubide acintu eeci kumatalikilo.) Kuti twalanga buyo, cilibonyaanga Philo waamba kuti mwezi mutaanzi wamwaka utalikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Philo, aawa taambi myezi iitobezya mwezi uulibonya pe, nokuba boobo; bweende bwamyezi tabukwe makani aasikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Philo, aawa, waamba myezi iitobezya bweende bwazuba, kutali iitobezya bweende bwa mwezi. Mwezi uutobezya bweende bwazuba upimwa kutobezya aabede zuba mumulengalenga; mwezi mutaanzi utobezya bweende bwazuba aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Mumazuba aa Philo, mwezi mutaanzi uutobezya bweende bwazuba wakali nyenyezi zya Aries (mbuli bwaamba Josephus), akutobelwa a Taurus, Gemini aimwi. Mwezi mutaanzi uutobezya zuba wakali kutalikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.
Mucibalo eeci, Philo uya kumbele kwaamba kuti “mumwezi ooyu, mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi,. . .ipobwe lya pasika nolisekelelwa.” Aawa Philo wiinduluka kwaamba ncitwakaiya kuzwa kuli Josephus: Pasika (buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi mutaanzi), bwakali kusekelelwa mumwezi mutaanzi uutobezya bweende bwazuba (eelyo zuba nolyakali mubbazu lyanyenyezi zya Aries). Aaka kaambo kunyina ncokaamba mukupima Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.
(3) Mubuzyo/Kukazya: Philo waamba kuti myezi yakali kupimwa kuzwa “aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.” Hena eeci tacaambi kuti Mwezi Mupya ooyo uusika kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu nguutalisya mwaka?
“(Mangwalo) alaamba cakusalazya kutalikila amulongo wamyezi kuzyila aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Alimwi (ooyu mwezi) waambwa kuti ngo “mutaanzi” alimwi “mpaatalikilwa” mulongo wamyezi, nkaambo eezyi zyaambwa zyoonse zilapandululana, mbuli mbocaamba kuti mutaanzi mubweende amunguzu; mbweenya acalo ciindi kuzyila aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu, cilibonya kuti nciindi citaanzi mumulongo amunguzu, mbeenya mbuli mutwe (mbuuli matalikilo) aacintu cizumi. Alimwi aabo bakaiya zilengwa leza zyamumulengalenga mbibaapa zina eeli kuciindi eeco. Nkaambo baita Mugutu kuti ngomutwe wamulongo wanyenyezi nkaambo zuba nolili mubbazu lyamugutu libonekaanga nolileta ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.” (Philo, Supplement II,Questions and Answers on Exodus, translated by Ralph Marcus, Ph.D., Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA:, 1953, pp. 2-3.)
KWIINGULA: Aawa alimwi, Philo taambi mulongo wamyezi iitobezya mwezi uulibonya pe, pele mulongo wamyezi iitobezya bweende bwazuba, eeyo njotwabandika kale mucibalo cainda, oomo Philo mwaambilizya mbunga yanyenyezi zya Aries, “Mugutu mutwe wa nyenyezi,” walo ooyo mumusela mutaanzi, wakali mwezi mutaanzi wamyaka iitobezya bweende bwa zuba. Alimwi kaambo aaka kunyina ncokaamba cijanya Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.
(4) Mubuzyo/Kukazya: Kutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku alisyuuka masamu, inga tiicatupa ciindi cinji kuti maila abizwe (“Abib”) kabutana sika buzuba bwa Micelo Mitaanzi.
KWIINGULA:Zintu zinjaanji inga zyaambwa akaambo aaka, pele tatweelede kumana ciindi kasanyangula kaambo aaka kutegwa tuyubune cilubide pe. Tweelede buyo kulanga caamba Mangwalo eeco cijatikizya mwezi wa “Abib” acipaizyo ca Micelo Mitaanzi.
“Alimwi maila akanyonyoonwa: nkaambo maila taakaninga bizwa mumwezi wa [Abib] ,alimwi maila akacilaa ntenga.” (Kulonga 9:31)
“Mubuzuba oobu inywe mwakayaamuka mumwezi wa Abib.” (Kulonga 13:4)
“Inywe mweelede kubamba pobwe lya cinkwa citakwe bumena:(mutyalyi cinkwa cilaa bumena kwamazuba aali ciloba, mbuli mbweekamulailila, muciindi cibikkidwe ambali mumwezi wa Abib: nkaambo muli nguwe inywe nimwaayaamuka kuzwa ku Ijipita: alimwi kunyina naba omwe akati kenu weelede kuzya kunembo lyangu cinkwa maanza pe.” (Kulonga 23:15)
“Ipobwe lyacinkwa citakwe bumena mweelede kulibamba. Mazuba aali ciloba mweelede kulya cinkwa citakwe bumena, mbuli mbweekamulailila, muciindi ca mwezi wa Abib: nkaambo mumwezi wa Abib inywe nimwaayaamuka kuzwa ku Ijipita. ” (Kulonga 34:18)
Nomuleta busu bwamaila mataanzi ku Mwami Yahuwah, abube busu bwa misuku yamapopwe mataanzi matete [Abib] aakangwa aaziyidwe. (Amulange Bapaizi 2:14.)
Amulangile mwezi wa Abib, akusekelela pasika kuli Yahuwah Elohimu wenu: nkaambo mumwezi wa Abib Yahuwa Elohimu wenu wakaangununa ndinywe kuzwa mu Ijipita masiku. (Amulange Ciibalusyo 16:1.)
Kutobezya bwaamba bbuku lipandulula mabala lya Brown-Driver-Briggs' Hebrew Dictionary, Abib caamba buyo kuti: “(1)maila mapya, maila aitwa kuti bbali; (2) mwezi wakubikka misuku, kubaa ngala kwacisyango, kukomena kwa Abib, mwezi wa kulonga apasika. . .” Ibbala Abib lizyila ku Strong's #H3; lyaamba kuti “bupya, butete, zisyuuka zipya, nokuba busena bwakusyuusya zisyango.” (Brown-Driver-Briggs' Hebrew Dictionary)
Abib tacaambi kuti “cibizwide”, nokuba kwaamba kuti mazuba kkumi acisambomwe3 kulaale akubizwa. Lyaamba buyo kuti “ntenga” naa “butete”. Aawa mpaali kaambo. Eelyo Muusa naakalemba kuti maila acilaa “ntenga” mu (Kulonga 9:31), wakali kwaamba buyo kuti maila akalimenede; akacilaa ntenga akuya kumbele kukomena. Ncenciceeco ncaakanyonyweedwa, kakuli maila aampunga aamwi (aatakaninga mena) taakanyonyoonwa pe (Kulonga 9:32). Eelyo Mangwalo naamba cijatikizya “mwezi wa Abib”, aamba buyo kujatikizya mwezi ooyo zisyango nozibizwa, nokuba kutalika kubizwa.
Akamwi kaambo nkotweelede kubandika nkakulailila Kwakwe Yahuwah kujatikizya cipaizyo ca Micelo Mitaanzi.
“Lino Mwami Yahuwah wakaambila Muusa kuti aambile Baisilayeli kuti, “Ciindi mwaakusika munyika Mwami Yahuwah njayoomupa, mbomuyootebwida buyo, mukape musunta mutaanzi wabutebuzi bwenu kumupaizi. Walo mupaizi uyoouzumbaanya musunta ooyo ku Mwami Yahuwah, kutegwa utambulike mubusena bwanu. Mupaizi uyoouzumbaanya musunta bwaakwiinda buzuba bwa Nsabata. Mubuzuba oobo mukapaizye akagutu katakwe kampenda, kamwaka omwe ku Mwami Yahuwah. Lino mukabikke cipaanzi casanu calusuwo lwabusu bunante, alimwi buvweledwe amafuta aaoliva. Cibe cabweema bubotelezya ku Mwami Yahuwah. Alimwi mupedelezye alufulu lwa waini. Mutakalyi zinkwa niciba ciwaya naaba makunka matete kamutanaleta cipaizyo canu citaanzi ku Mwami Yahuwah. Malailile aaya aleelede kutobelwa mane alili.” (Amulange Bapaizi 23:9-14.)
Aawa cilisalede kuti kunyina nokwaambwa maila aa bbali “aabizwide” pe. Kulailila kwaamba buyo kuleta musunta mutaanzi wabutebuzi kumupaizi kuti akauzumbaanye mubuzuba bubikkidwe ambali, alimwi kuti batalyi cizwa mumyuunda kusikila cipaizyo eeci capegwa.
Mbuli basicikolo ba Bbaibbele bankutwe bavwuntauzya kasimpe, tatukonzyi kuuntuluzyila cikkelo cabumboni eeco citondezya kuti Mwezi Mupya, ooyo uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi buzuba abusiku nobweelana, kuti mpaatalikilwa mwaka akutobela cilengwa caba Kalaiti baJuuda, cakweezyeezya kuti kubizwa kwazisyango mu Palesitaini ncecitondezyo ncibaali kutobela.
(5) Mubuzyo/Kaambo:Ime lyoonse ndakayiisyigwa kuti Mwaka Mupya tiiwakali kukonzya kutalikwa kusikila zyabizwa zisyango mu Palesitaini wansiku. Nkaambo nzi ncomubikkila maanu akubizwa kwa maila aa bbali?
KWIINGULA: Kuli twaambo tunjaanji tuswaangene mukweezyeezya kuti Mwaka Mupya uzingulukila akubizwa kwa maila aabbali mu Palesitaini:
- Kunyina pe ampocaamba mu Mangwalo kuti kuli “mulawo wabutebuzi bwa bbale.”
- Matalikilo 1:14 aamba kuti zilengwa leza zyamulengalenga zyakabikkilwa “ziindi zyamwaka, mazuba, amyaka.” Tulakonzya kukosozya kaambo kuti maila aabbali akeelede kunoobizwide mubuzuba bwakupaizya micelo mitaanzi, aboobo aaya maila akali munsaa kubizwa eelyo naakanyonyoonwa acivwulamabwe mu Ijipita (Kulonga 9:22-31), kunyina pe Mangwalo mpaamba kuti zisyangidwe (bbali) zyakeelede kuba citondezyo “ca ziindi zyamwaka, mazuba, amyaka.”
- Muzeezo wa “myaka” wakaletwa kacitanjila cinyonyoono, kakutanaba zambangulwe lya meenda alimwi kiitaninga singanyigwa nyika (Matalikilo 1:14), antela myaka cuulu amyaanda yosanwe kalitana sika zambangulwe lya meenda (zyuulu zyobile amyaanda yosanwe yamyaka kakutanasika Kulonga). Tacilangiki kuba cintu cilaa maanu kuyeeya kuti bantu baciindi kalitana sika zambangulwe kuti bakali kubelesya maila aabbali kupima Mwaka Mupya. Pele ncintu camaanu, kweezyeezya kuti bakayeeme zilengwa leza zyamulengalenga, eezyo Yahuwah nzyaakabikka kuti ndekkalenda Lyakwe, lyakupimya “ziindi zyamwaka, . . .mazuba, amyaka.”
- Nowa wakakonzya kubala ciindi cakutaimpya muciindi ca zambangulwe (kakwiina kusyanga maila aabbali pe).
- Bana ba Isilayeli bakakonzya kupima ciindi mulubula naa munkanda (kakwiina kusyanga maila aabbali pe). Ciabalo ca Myeelwe 9:1-14 cipandulula bana ba Isilayeli mbubaali kusekelela pobwe lya Pasika munkanda.
- Kweezyeezya kuti kubizwa kwamaila aa bbali aaku Palesitaini njenzila ilikke yakutalikila mwaka, nkweezyeezya zintu zyobile: (1) Aabo bakkala anze lyanyika ya Palesitaini, bayeeme amilumbe yamuluwo kuti bazyibe ciindi libizwa maila aaku Palesitaini, eeci citali cintu cisyomeka kulanganya abulimi bwamazubaano bwakupindula misyobo yazisyango);(2)Basyomeka ba Yahuwah beelede kuyaama azilengwa zyamisela yabantu eezyo zyeendelana a kkalenda lina Gregory lyalo litondezya kuti “mvwula ncaalizi” niyakawa, zyuulu zyamyaka kaindi. Eeci caambilizya kuti tweelede kutobela kkalenda lina Gregory kutalisya Mwaka Mupya, nkaambo kuti kakutakwe kkalenda eelyo tatukonzyi kuzyiba cabulondo mazuba aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya. Tacili cintu citambulika kubasyomeka ba Yahuwah, kuti bayaame amanjezyeezya aamuntu nokuba kkalenda lina Gregory, kuti batalike Mwaka Mupya wa Bbaibbele. Alimwi tacitambuliki kuti basyomeka kabayeeme amilumbe yamuluwo abulimi bwamazubaano bwa zisi zilaakatikati kakujwe.
- Kulamatila manjeezyeezya aa
“mulawo wabutebuzi bwamaila aa bbali” cipa kuti tutalike kusyoma kuti bana
Isilayeli kabatana njila munyika ya Kkanaani (kusanganya abana ba Isilayeli
munkanda), tibaali kukonzya kutalika myaka yabo cabululeme, nokuba kwaamba kuti
nzila yakujanya mwaka mupya yakacinca eelyo nibaanjila mu nyika yacisyomyo.
Ooku nkweezyeezya kufubeede. Hena tweelede kusyoma kuti basyomeka, kusikila
waawa, bakali kupima aatalikilwa mwaka kujatikizya kubizwa kwamaila aabbali
munyika njibataninga kkalide? Kunyina Mangwalo mpaamba kuti maila abbali
wamu Palesitaini ayelede kuba cipimyo cakutalisya mwaka pe. Ibbaibbele lilaamba
mumulaka uusalala kuti, myaka yeelede kutalikwa kubelesya zilengwa leza
zyamumulengalenga. “ Alimwi Elohimu wakati, akube mimuni mumulengalenga wajulu,
kuti yaandaanye buzuba kuzwa kubusiku; alimwi ibe zitondezyo zyaziindi
zyamwaka, amazuba, amyaka.” (Matalikilo 1:14)
1 Kulonga 9:31 caamba kuti maila aabbali abuluba, akali munsaa kubizwa eelyo naakanyonyoonwa acivwulamabwe. Mpampawo aawo mpotuzyibila kuti cakali ciindi lisyuuka zisyangidwe nokuba munsimunsi aciindi eeco.
2 Kwakali mazuba mwaanda amakumi lusele, akataa ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku likunkumuka matuvwu kumasamu, aciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. (http://community.novacaster.com/showarticle.pl?id=11110;n=4001)
3 Micelo Mitaanzi yakeelede kupaizigwa mubuzuba bwa kkumi acisambomwe bwa mwezi mutaanzi, kutobela buzuba ba Nsabata ya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena. (Amulange


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“Amulange cintu eeci. Tujisi bwato bwa Hurricane Grace buyaamba kutozya kunyika lyalwizi lwa Atlantiki. Ma! Cakomena ncobeni lino. . .ciyaabwiindila kuba cipati. Cabili, cili kunselelo lya nsumbu ya Sable kwini, cilaafwi kubboloka. Kobona eeci. Catatu yaboola mpeyo iiletezya kuzyila ku Canada. Pele bwato lino bulayaamba atalaa mayuwe aatungene mulongo . . . kabuzuunyene kutozya kulwizi lwa Atlantiki. Ino kuti bwato bwa Hurricane Grace bukalibbunte mukati kamuyoba ooyu inga kwaba nzi? Kusanganya kuli ceeco, oobu bwato buyaakweempauka kuzwa kunsumbu ya Sable, kabwiibauka kuyandaula nguzu zyakuyaamba. Lino bulaafwi kunjila mumuyoba uutontola kuuletezya kuzwa ku Canada . . . abwato bwa Hurricane Grace. Yebo inga waba syaazyibwene wabweende bwamazuba mubuumi bwako boonse . . . pele kunyina pe nookabonede cintu mbuli ceeci. Inga yaba ntenda ijatikizya zinjaanji. Inga yaba . . . muyoba uukkwene.”
~ Todd Gross, Syaazyibwene wa Bweende bwa Mazuba mu TV
Kavwumbi kaniini 28, 1991: Munsaa mamaninno aaciindi camaguwo aamiyoba, kwakatalika muyoba mu Lwaanje lwa Atlantic, kujwe lyacisi ca Canada. Ooyo muyoba wakalaa muwo uubbubbula canguzu kuutozya “kunyika lyakujwe” alimwi wakavwuukila mumbalaa bwato bwa Hurricane Grace akuyungizya kuvwuuma kapati. Wakadyaaminina cooko cakumusanza coonse ooko nkowakaindila kuunga kusikila waba guwo lyuungisya kalizinguluka akupepaula zintu zinjaanji. Wakaba muyoba uula guwo uutanabwenwe mumusela wabantu cakuti wakaletelezya antenda yakajaya bantu bali 13, akunyonyoona zintu zidula mali aasika ku $200 zyuulunzuma. Wakaba: “ muyoba uukkwene.”
Akataa mayoba aaguwo lyuungisya boobo, kwakali bwato bwaba sikuzuba nswi bwa Andrea Gail. Mweendelezi wabwato Frank “Billy” Tyne, Junior, antoomwe abasibwatonyina bosanwe, bakali kuzela nswi munsaa Nkomwe mpati ya Flemish Cap. Nokuba kuti bakateelela milumbe iicenjezya kuti kulasika muyoba uula guwo lipati, aaba balombwana bakasala kuti bazyokele kunkomwe nkaambo ciyobwedo cakutontozya nswi tiicakali kubeleka bweelede alimwi zyoonse nswi nzyobakajatide tiizyakali kunga zyakkalilila akuleka kubola. Aboobo, nibakali kuzyokela kunkomwe kumaanda, bakuunjila mpuulakati muyoba mupati.
Majwi aacaalizya ookwa Silutwe wabwato aalembedwe, akali aakuti: “Waboola, nobasankwa, waboola canguzu, amulibambile.” Madolomu aamungwimba, ciyumwido camungwimba, acisanza azimwi zintu zyabwato nzyezyakajanwa kazyiibauka zyakaceede kuzwa mubwato bwa Andrea Gail. Silutwe Tyne abalombwana bakwe bosanwe, bakali akataa bantu aabo bakanyikila mumuyoba ooyo wakapegwa zina lyakuti Muyoba Mupati wamu ’91.
Kuti ooyo niwakali buyo muyoba wakuzuma akulabaula ndabo, aabo balombwana nibakanunuka. Kuti niwakali buyo guwo lyuungisya, nibakazelauka mumbali. Kuti muncini uutontozya nswi niwatakaleka kubeleka, balo nibakazumanana kuzela, akutanjila ntenda yalwizi. Pele muukusanganya buyo eezyo zyoonse antoomwe, eeco ncecaaletelezya kunyikizya bwato akukosozya buumi bwabantu boonse bakali mubwato oobo.
Muyoba Mupati
Eeco cakali ciindi cibotu, cakali ciindi camanyongwe, cakali ciindi camusela wabusongo, cakali ciindi camusela wabafubafuba, cakali cintu cakusyoma zinjaanji, cakali ciindi cikankamika, cakali ciindi camusela wa Mumuni, alimwi aciindi camusela wa Musinze, cakali ciindi cakasensa kabulangizi, alimwi eeco cakali ciindi camupeyo wakubula bulangizi; Twakalaa zintu zinjaanji kumbele lyesu, pele kunyina cintu ncotwakajisi lwesu tobeni, toonse twakali kugama kuya Kujulu, toonse twakali kutozya nzila iimbi – mubufwaafwi, eeco ciindi cakalikonzyene aciindi camazubaano, cakuti bamwi basololi bamfulumende aabo bakalaa mpuwo kapati, bakasinikizya bantu kuti bacitambule, nobayanda nobatayandi, mukuyandisya buyo kuti cibe cintu cakulikankaizya.
~ Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities
“Muyoba mupati” : “nkusanganya antoomwe zyoonse zintu zicitika nokuba kuti kazyitalaa ntenda, pele kazizyicitika antoomwe munzila yakuletelezya manyongwe aanyonyoona zintu.”1 Kuleka mbuli miyoba iicitika lyoonse, muyoba mupati utalikila “munguzu zisangene zyazintu zicitikila antoomwe.”2 Miyoba mipati tiicitiki buyo lyoonse kufumbwa ciindi, pele lyoonse iletelezya lunyonyooko eelyo niicitika.
Musela wacisambomwe mucooko ca Bukuwa wakali musela wamuyoba mupati —musela wamizeezo minjaanji iikazyanya—akuzunduna. Mucisi ca France, kulwana mfulumende kwakali lutide. Mucisi ca Germany, Martin Luther wakali kusandulula Bbaibbele mumulaka uumvwugwa bantu banjaanji, akunyansya poopo mukukulwaizya muzeezo wakuti bantu balakonzya kufutulwa kwiinda mulusyomo lwalo kakunyina acimbi. Mucisi ca Italy, Giordano Bruno wakali kusendekezy kuti nyenyezi zyakali zibeelz zyazuba zili kulaale, kazyizingulukidwe nyenyezinyina azimwi kumwi Pietro Pomponazzi wakali kukazya muzeezo wakuti muzimo wamuntu tuukonzyi kufwa. Munyika Mpya, cisi ca Spain cakazunda Bulelo bwaba Aztec. Mucooko ca Bukuwa coonse, lumamba lwaba Mozilemu lwakali kusaala, kujaya akutola buzike kufumbwa muna Kristu ngobakaswaanganya munzila yabo.
Cooko ca Bukuwa coonse cakali zwangene akuzandukana akataa Bakatolika a Basikutongooka. Muzeezo wa mulawo wazilengwa leza —wakuti bantu boonse balaa lwaanguluko alimwi baleelene —wakatalika kubaa mpuwo akusimya akataa bantu. Mizeezo mpiya yakaletelezya kuyeeyela zinjaanji, amakanze mapya mumyoyo yabantu batuba banjaanji aabo bakali kutundululwa eelyo nibakatalika kulwana mitelo mipati eeyo basimalelo babo njibakali kubakulaika kuti babbadele. Zyoonse eezyi zyakaleta “muyoba mupati”ooyo wakapa kuti kusike Musela wa Kusalazyilwa nikwakainda myaka iili 200. Mukupyopyongana koonse ooku kwakacinca zintu zinjaanji, umwi mukwasyi wakalukwete mulimo wakutobela kasimpe, kakwiina makani kufumbwa cinga cabacitikila. Ciinci cabo cakubelekela Mwami Yahuwah cakali ciindi cisyoonto buyo, cifwaafwi kapati — kulezya kusika myaka yobile— pele mpuwo yabo, antoomwe amukonzyanyo wabo wakusyomeka nokuba kuti bakapenzyegwa buti, ucizumanana kusikila buzuba buno.
Munsaa ciindi nceenya eeco Christopher Columbus naakali kusoleka kubungilila mali aakubelesya kuyandaula nzila mpya yakuya ku India kwiinda mukugamika kweenzya bwato kaya kumbo, kwakazyalwa mwana musankwa ku Stauffen, Germany. Tazili zinjaanji zintu zyizyibidwe zya buumi alwiiyo lwa mwana ooyo Michael Sattler, pele kulizyibidwe kuti walo wakanjila mu Ŋanda yabapaizi ku St. Peter munsaa ku Freiberg. Kusyomwa kuti walo mukuya kwaciindi, wakaba mweendelezi wa Ŋanda yabapaizi ya Benedictine, eeco caambilizya kuti, walo wakali muntu munkutwe mumulimo, uukonzya kweendelezya, alimwi akubaa ciimo cilondokede. Eelyo naakali mweendelezi, wakali mugwasyi wamusololi mumulimo wakwe. Eeco cuuno cakalaa nguzu akupegwa bulemu kapati. Eeco ncecintu cakapa kuti Michael abe umwi wabaabo balupatibapti bakasumpukide mumazubaayo.
Nkaambo kakuti Michael wakali musongo alimwi muntu uusyomeka,walo wakali zuunyene muzintu nzyaakali kusyoma. Walo wakajatikene mukubambulula bapaizi ba Benedictine Bursfeld, akubukulusya moza ku St. Peter. Mbuli mbwaakali mweendelezi, walo wakali kunoonga wakali kweendelezya busena oobo. Pele kwakali kucinca zintu kwakali kuzyaa kuswena, mbweenya mbocicitika lyoonse kuli baabo basyomeka akubaa busongo ncobeni. Misela minjaanji niyakainda muleli wacisi ca Amelika Abraham Lincoln wakapa kaambo kakuti: “Eelyo muntu uulubide ncobeni kuti wakazwezya akukamvwa kasimpe, nkabela walo inga waleka kulubila nokuba kuleka kusyomeka.” Michael wakali kusyomeka.
Akataa myaka yakuma 1520, bantu batuba basikutongooka bakavwumpa munzi wa St. Peter. Bakatalika kutongooka kuti bayanda lwaanguluko kuzwa kukubbadela mitelo akutundululwa kubaleli babo. Kabajisi mizeezo minjaanji ya lwaanguluko akweelana kubantu babo, bakali kuyanda bululami alwaanguluko lwamulawo akataa basyomi boonse, mbuli bwaamba milazyo ya Mangwalo.
Bamwi akati bantu aabo bakali ba Anabaptisti. “Anabaptisti” caambilizya kuti bakainduluka kubbizyigwa alimwi, nkaambo bakakaka lubbizyo lwabana bavwanda kuti talujanwi mu Mangwalo pe. “Mbubuti mwana muvwanda mbwanag wabaa muzeezo wakuliyeeyela kuti uyanda kubelekela Mwami Yahuwah?” Balo bakazumanana kukazya makani aayo.Tee kayi awlo Mufutuli Lwakwe taakabbizyigwa kusikilawaba mwaalumi mupati uukkwene maanu: “ Lino nibakabbapatizigwa bantu boonse, awalo Yahushua wakabbapatizigwa. Naakacili kukomba Yahushua, julu lyakajaluka, Muuya wa Yahuwah wakamuselukila muciimo cankwilimba, eelyo ijwi lyakamvwigwa kuzwa kujulu kaliti, “Nduwe Mwanaangu ngwenjandisya ndabotelelwa anduwe” (Luka 3:21-23, KJV)
Cilakonzyeka, alimwi inga kacili masimpe kuti, aabo bantu bakaleta matongoosi aabo kuli Michael, ooyo wakali mweendelezi ciindi eeco. Nokuba kuti kunyina cilembedwe caambilizya mizeezo njaakabapa, pele kuli tusimpe totatwe tizyibidwe tujatikizya nguwe:
- Michael Sattler wakali muntu uusyomeka musongo alimwi mwaalumi uuzyandamene mu buna Kristu. Aboobo, eelyo naakamvwa kasimpe nkaakatondezyegwa, walo taakalelema kukatambula akukazumina mubuumi bwakwe.
- Michael wakaleka bweendelezi mubusena oobo akataa mwaka 1525.3
- Naakayaamuka munzi wa St. Peter, Michael wakeenda musinzo kuya kubusena bwa Waldshut ooko nkobakazyila banjaanji aabo bakali kutongooka.
Lino mbotwazyiba twaambo ootu, ncintu citakwe ntenda kukosozya makani kuti, Michael wakabafwida lweetelelo aabo bantu bakali kumutongookela akuyandisya, nokuba kusandulwa, kuya kulusyomo ndobakajisi. Ncobeni naakasika kuya ku Waldshut, walo wakalaa ciindi cibotu cakuti ayindizya kubala akuvwuntauzya zintuzyoonse nzyobakali kusyoma ba Anabaptisti.
Myezi misyoonto buyo niyakainda, mu Kavwumbi Kaniini 6 kusikila 8 bwamwezi ngweenya ooyo, Michael wakasangana kutongookela lubbizyo lwabana bavwanda ku Zurich, Switzerland. Kunooli walo wakaunka buyo kuti akaakuteetele makani wwonse aazwanganinwa muciiyo eeco. “Kusikila mu 1525 kubambulula lusyomo kwakasimpwa mumunzi wa Zurich.”4 Nokuba boobo, Basikutongooka bamumunzi wa Zurich tiibakaninga zyibisya ncowliiminina lwaanguluko lwabupaizi: lwaanguluko lwamuntu kuti akombe cakuliiba mbuli mbwaliyeeyela mumizeezo yakwe mwini. Basikutongooka bakali mufulumende bakaankakusubula akutundulula ba Anabaptisti, bakamwaanga Michael akumuwaalila muntolongo. Mpoonya walo wakaangululwa mu Kaanda Kaniini 18, 1525, naakasyomezya kuti ulayaamuka akuzwa mucooko eeco.
Ooku kupenzyegwa kwakali kulabila buyo cintu cakatobela waawo.
Beleka nkaambo busiku bwasika . . .
Ciimo cisyomeka cilayubununwa muzintu nzyotulisalila tobantu eelyo notuminidwe – mbweenya mbuli ciminya mbociindizya kusyaanikizya, acalo ciimo cilaindila kuyubunuka, azyalo zintu nzyasala muntu uula ciimo eeco zilatalika kulibonya masimpe mbuli mbozyibede ncobeni. ~ Robert McKee, Story
Cimwi ciindi cakataa myaka ya 1525 kuya ku 1526, Michael wakakwata mukaintu wakalaa zina lyakuti Margaretha ooyo wakali nabutema waku Beguine. Mbweenya mbuli Michael, Margaretha awalo wakali musongo akusyomeka alimwi wakasiya mulimo ngwaakali kubeleka nkaambo kazintu nzyaakatalika kusyoma kuti nkasimpe. Mubuzuba bwa Ganda Pati 1526, Michael wakabbizyigwa alimwi kali mwaalumi mupati. Eeci cakali cintu ncibakacita bobile kabalyaabide ncobeni, nkaambo kunooli awalo Margaretha wakainduluka kubbizyigwa.
Bantu bataanzi bakabambulula lusyomo bakakwabilila lwaanguluko lwa mizeezo yamuntu kuti ndwaanguluko lupedwe kumuntu kuzwa ku Mwami Yahuwah. Nokuba boobo, mpoonya buyo bupaizi bwa Basikutongooka nibwakaba bupaizi bwacisi, oobo bupaizi bwakatalika kutundulula akupenzya bantu.
Aaka nkasimpe kazyibidwe kabotu abalemi bazintu zyamisela bamazubaano kuti, kupenga kwa ba Anabaptisti kwakali kwiinda kucisa kupenga kwa bana Kristu bataanzi nkobaapengela mubulelo bwa Loma wamituni! Kupenzya kwakatalikila ku Zurich kaindi kasyoonto Bakwabonyina mulusyomo nibakamanizya kubamba mbungano. Kwakaba kusubula bantu muntolongo, zimwi ziindi kusubida muntu mumulindi uutakwe mumuni, mpoonya akujayigwa kakutobela aawo. Mukaindi kasyoonto basololi akataa Bakwabonyina mulusyomo bakasweekelwa maumi aabo kwiinda mukupenzyegwa.
Bupaizi bwa Anabaptisti bwakaambwa kuti mulandu mupati. Kwabikkilwa myuulo yamali manjaanji yakujatya ba Anabaptisti. Akwalo kubapa cakulya nokuba zyuli lyakoona, wakaba mulandu. Musololi walumamba ku Bavaria, mu 1527, wakapa malailile aakubikka ba Anabaptisti muntolongo akuti bakaumpweacisamu cisimpidwe ansi — pele buyo kuti balilekelela, alimwi kuti bacita boobo, beelede kukosolwa mitwe.5
Intenda yakusiya cilubide mukytobelakasimpe nintenda ncobeni iiciliko mazubaano. Nokuba boobo, Michael a Margaretha bakali kuyandisya kasimpe. Kasimpe kakali kalungu kaamoyo kwiinda cintu cili coonse kuli mbabo. James Lane Allen wakalemba kuti: “Mapenzi taayaki ciimo camuntu, pele ayubununa ciimo eeco.” Alimwi nkakasimpe aako kajatikizya banabukwetene ba Sattler. Kupenzyegwa kwakayubununa ziimo zyabo zyakabambilwa mucikolo ca Kujulu, kazibekema akumwekamweka mumuni wa Mufutuli.
Ciimo cokwa Michael a Margaretha cakayubununwa mucilongwe cabo eeco cakazumanana abaabo bakali kuzyanaya azintu nzyoabakali kusyoma. Kumamanino aamwaka wa 1526, Michael wakaunka ku Strasbourg ooko nkwaakakukkala a Wolfgang Capito, muntu mu German wakali kukwabilila lwaanguluko lwabantu alimwi wakali musololi akataa Basikutongooka. Eelyo naakali ku Strasbourg, Michael wakabonana awumwi Sikutongooka Martin Bucer. Capito a Bucer bakali kukazya Michael mutwaambo tunjaanji, kusanganya akaambo kaba Anabaptisti kakukaka kubbizya bana bavwanda. “Basikutongooka aciindi eeco bakali kusulaika ba Anabaptisti nkaambo kamizeezo yalusyomo lwabo, alimwi nkaambo bunji bwabo tiibakayiide alimwi tiibakali bampelenge. Michael, nokuba boobo, wakali kweendelana ambabo, aboobo bakatalika kumulemeka. Walo wakabakombelezya kuti baangulule ba Anabaptisti boonse mbubakawaalide muntolongo.”6 Nokuba kuti kwakali kwiimpana akata zintu nzyobakali kusyoma, Michael wakalaa lubomba alimwi wakalaa moyo uusangalala mbuli mbukwaalibonya eelyo walo naakaamba kuti Capito a Bucer bakali “basazinyina bazyandwa muli Leza.”
Nokuba akataa basyomi bamazubaano, aabo batobela kasimpe lyoonse balasulaika akupa milandu minjaanji kuli baabo batatobeli mumuni mupya. Ncintu cuubauba kusulaika bantu akwaamba kuti balisweekede aabo bacilamatide kuzintu zilubide. Ciimo caluyando cokwa Michael, camoza mbuli wa Kristu kuli baabo batakali kumvwana anguwe, mbobumboni kumuntu uuli woonse uutobela kasimpe mazubaano. Kubaa lubomba, kubikkila bamwi maanu, kulemekezya ciimo camuntu omwe-omwe, ncecintu cibusya ciimo eeco mumoyo wamuntu umwi. Naakajayigwa Michael, ba Capito a Bucer bakali kumwaamba kuti wakali “mulongwe wabo uuyandwa muli Leza.” Eeco ncintu caambilizya zintu zinjaanji muciimo cokwa Michael Sattler mumusela ooyo bunji bwa Basikutongooka nibakazyibidwe kuti bakali kucisa akuumpa kufumbwa muntu ngubatakali kumvwana limwi.
Ciindi ncaakali kubelekela Julu Michael cakali cisyoonto kapati, pele kwakamvwika mpuwo mpati mumulimo ngwaakacita kuzwa ciindi eeco iicimvwika asunu kusikila mazubaano. Mumwezi wa Mukazi Maziba kusikla mu Mulumi 1527, Michael wakabweza lweendo kuya ku Lahr, munzi wakali kunyika lya munzi wa Freiburg, kuti akaakwaabanye kasimpe kuli bamwi. Kumamanino aamwezi wa Mulumi, wakaunka kumunzi wa Schleitheim kuti akanjile muswaangano antoomwe abamwi ba Anabaptisti basyoma. Ooyo wakali muswaangano wakusisikizya buya. Zyakali ziindi zyantenda mpati eezyo. Aabo bakaimvwi kumbele mubusololi ciindi eeco, bakali kulangilwa buyo kupona myaka yobile. Michael wakalezya kupona kusika amyaka eeyo.
Michael wakakkala cuuno akusolweda muswaangano ooyo mu Mulumi 24, ooko ba Anabaptisti nkobaaswaanganina kuti bakaakumvwanane zintu nzyobasyoma. Eeco cakali ciindi cakubambulula lusyomo. Kunze lyakukaka kubbizya bana babvwanda, balo baakaka kukonkezya kabatambikide maanza atalaa Bbaibbele mbuli mbobacita munkuta, nkaambo eeco cakali kusampuzya majwi ookwa Yahushua; balo bakati kubbizya bana bavwanda cakali cintu caantangalala citondezya buyo kuti muntu uusyoma ulitondezya lusyomo lwakwe; alimwi, akuti cintu cigambya atalaa zyoonse ncakuti, bakakulwaizya kwaandaanya Cikombelo a Mfulumende!
Nibakamanizya kumvwana mutwaambo tuli ciloba, Michael wakalemba Cikonkezyo ca Lusyomo lwabo mucibalo cilembedwe mutwe wakuti Schleitheim Confessioni. Eeci cibalo cicilaa nguzu zipati akataa zikombelo zyaba Amishi, Mennonite, aba Baptisti kusikila buzuba buno.
Munzi wa Schleitheim, kunyika lya munzi wa Zurich munsaa lukwakwa lwaku Germany.
“Eezi nzyeziindi zisunka myoyo yabantu . . .”
Ime ndakaiya kuti kukkazyika camba takuli kubula bukandu, pele nkuzunda kuyoowa. Muntu uukkazyikide camba tali muntu uutayoowi, pele muntu uuzunda kuyoowa. ~ Nelson Mandela
Kuli kukkomanina kwamoza mukucita cintu ncozyi kuti cililuleme. Kakwiina kudonaika, Michael a Margaretha Sattler bakalimvwide kukkomana kumwi kabalangila kasimpe eelyo nibakamanizya muswaangano ku Scheitheim. Tiilyakalampa, nokuba boobo. Petulo wakacenjezya kuti: “ Amulibatamike akupakamana, nkaambo sinkondonyoko Saatani uleendeenda mbuli syuumbwa wabutambo uuya buyandaula ngwatilume.” (1 Petulo 5:8, KJV)
Kufumbwa kuti kasimpe kazwidilila akuzunda cibi, boonse aabo bakazya kasimpe inga basolekesya kulanwa kasimpe aako. Kaindi kasyoonto niwakainda muswaangano waku Schleitheim, Michael a Margaretha Sattler, antoomwe abamwi basyomi ba Anabaptisti, bakaangwa ku Horb nkaambo kamalailile ookwa Silumamba Joachim von Zollern, mutumwa wa Musololi walumamba Ferdinand waku Austria. Kuzwa mumwezi wa Miyoba 1527 nibakaangwa, bakatolwa kuntolongo yakali mungazi ku Binsdorf.
Aaba bakali bantu banyama mbuli ndiswe toonse. Bakaangwa mumazuba masyoonto buyo niwakainda ooyo muswaangano wakazwidilila ku Schleitheim, bakasiya bunji bwabasyomi kabayoowede alimwi kabatunukide. Kunyina muntu uuyanda kupenzyegwa, kusubulwa, kutundululwa akujayigwa pe. Kuzwa muntolongo oomo mwaakabede, Michael wakalemba lugwalo kuli mbabo, kabakulwaizya kuti bayume akuzulila lusyomo.
Ime ndimwaambila ncobeni kuti kwiinda muluzyalo lwa Mwami [Yahuwah], kuti, amusongwaale nywebo, amweende mbuli basaante bokwa [Yahuwah]. . . . Kutabi muntu uumuzyola kuzwa kumakanze eenu, mbuli mbucaacitikila bamwi kusikila ciindi cino; pele amweende kamukkazyikide camba, kakwiina kuzelauka, kuti mulikulike ciciingano ca Mufutuli [Yahuwah] eeco ncaakalazyika ali ndinywe, akucilazyika ansi kuti muleke kumulemekezya akumutembaula [Yahuwah], akutalika kusampaula akutyola milawo Yakwe iiteeli, yamasimpe alimwi iiletela buumi.
Mutatyompokelwi, kuti mwakalalilwa a Mwami [Yahuwah] . . . nkaambo ooyo [Yahuwah] ngwayanda ulamulaya, mbweenya mbuli wisi mbwalaya mwanaakwe musankwa ngwayandisya. Nkuli nkomunga mwagama kuti mwatalika kutija Mwami [Yahuwah]? Ninzi cinga camugwasya kuti nywebo mwasulaika [Yahuwah]? Hena tali [Yahuwah] uuzuzya julu anyika?
. . . Alimwi kutabi muntu uumwaatula kuzwa atalaa amusemo ooyo uulazyikidwe mu Mangwalo aasetekene, alimwi waandidwe abulowa bwa Kristu abamwi bakamboni banjaanji bokwa [Yahushua]. . . . Amuzibeteke zyoonse nzyemulembela inywe; amubikke twaambo ootu nobasazima mumyoyo yenu , . . . kutegwa mukajanwe kamuli bana babombe myoyo, bazyala micelo alimwi bateelela Mwami [Yahuwah]. Nobayandwa banabokwesu, mutakankamani kuti ndabelesya majwi aalema kwaamba kaambo aaka: nkaambo ndacitila cintu eeco kucitila mulimo umwi. Basazima bamwi bakamwaambila kale kuti swebo tobamwi tuli kale muntolongo; alimwi kuzwa aciindi abalo basazima baku Horb nibakaangwa, bakatuleta ku Binzdorf. Muciindi cino tunjide mumapenzi aa basinkondoma manjaanji. Aciindi cimwi bakatukonga kutwaangilila; mpoonya akutuumpila mumulilo, alimwi akutuyasa acceba. Muntenda eeyi mebo ndalyaaba cakumaninina kuluyando lwa Mwami [Yahuwah], alimwi antoomwe abanabokwesu bamwi amukaintu wangu, twakalibambila kufwida bumboni Bwakwe, mpoonya Ime ndakayibaluka banabokwesu batasyomeki bamweelwe mupati, alimwi andinywe, nokuba kuti muli bangaye buyo, inywe nokabunga kasyoonto; alimwi, kuli babelesi basyomeka basyoonto mumuunda ookwa [Yahuwah] . . . aboobo Ime ndayeeya kuti ncinbotu kuti ndimusinsimune kumakani aaya, kuti mututobele swebo munkondo iino, kutegwa mutatyompokelwi nomulaigwa a Mwami [Yahuwah].7
Majwi ookwa Michael alisalede mbuli golide, kaatazimide mumisela milamfu. Lusyomo lwakwe muli Yahuwah, aluyando lwakasimpe ndwaakajisi, tiilwakali kuzungaanyigwa.
Lubeta lwakacitika mu Kaanda Kaniini 17-18, 1527, ku Rottenburg. Michael wakaiminina basintolongo boonse, katondeka ku Mangwalo kuti nzyenguzu zilaatala aazyoonse mumakani aaciluleme acilubide.
Michael wakalizyi kuti kubaa moza ncintu ciyandika kwiinda buyo kwaamba kumulomo kuti muntu ulasyoma: ngo mulimo wamoyo wamuntu wini. Ngooyu mukonzyanyo, mukukwabilila beenzinyina ba Anabaptisti mukaambo ncibakali kukakila kubwezya zilwanyo, walo wakati:
Kuti ba Turkii batuboolela kuzyootulwana, swebo inga tiitwabalesya pe; nkaambo cililembedwe kuti: Webo utajayi. Swebo tatweelede kulikwabilila katulwana aba Turk abamwi batupenzya, pele tweelede kukombelela [Yahuwah] mumipailo yakulyeetezya kutegwa tukonzye kusyomeka akubeeleba. Pele Ime ndaamwaambila kuti, kuti kulwana nkondo nicali cintu ciluleme, kupenzya, kwaanga akujaya bana Kristu batakwe kaambo, kuleka ba Turki, nikali kaambo kakucitila cintu eeco; pele inywe, nomuyanda kuba bana Kristu, alimwi nomuyanda kulikankaizya muli Kristu, ndinywe mupenzya bakamboni bana Kristu batakwe kaambo, akuba mbuli ba Turki mumyoyo yenu.8
Cakatola kukulwaizyigwa kapati kuti aambe kaambo aako. Walo mukulikwabilila wakayungizya kaambo kamwi:
Inywe nobasimilimo bokwa [Yahuwah], Ime ndamukulwaizya kuti muyeeye mulimo ooyo Mwami [Yahuwah] ngwaakamwiitila, kuti musubule babisyi, kukwabilila akukobelela batakwe milandu.
“Kakuli, swebo tiitwakabisyila Mwami [Yahuwah] a Mulumbe Mubotu, inga mwalibonena kuti Ime nokuba basazima abacizyi mbotuli limwi kuti tiitwakanyansya mujwi nokuba mukucita cintu cinyansya mfulumende iili yoonse pe. Aboobo, inywe nobasimilimo bokwa [Yah], kuti kamutaninga kumvwa nokuba kubala Jwi lyokwa [Yahuwah], amutumine bantu bayiide, akuyandaula mabbuku aasetekene aamu Bbaibbele, kufumbwa mumusyobo mwaalembedwe, alimwi amutukulwaizye swebo a Jwi lyokwa [Yahuwah]; alimwi kabakonzya kututondezya kuzwa mu Mangwalo Aasetekene, kuti swebo naa tulilubide, swebo inga twakkomana kweempwa akulilekelela alimwi akupenga cakuliyandila kufumbwa mulandu acisubulo ncotutipegwe notujaninwa mulandu; pele kuti kakwiina cilubide, Ime ndasyoma muli [Yahuwah], kuti inywe inga mwasanduka, alimwi akutambula malailile."
Naakali kwaamba boobo, babetesi bakagwagwamuka kuseka akuguntana mitwe yabo, mpoonya mulembi wadolopo lya Ensisheim wakati, "Ma yebo ootakwe mpuwo, ocigwebenga camupaizi, hena inga twatalika kukazyana anduwe? Ooyo uusina bantu nguuti kakazyane anduwe, Ime ndakusyomya ncobeni."
Michael wakati, "kuyanda kwa [Yahuwah] akucitwe boobo."9
Nibakamanizya kuvwiya-vwiya muli cabo babetesi kwa woola lyomwe akwiinda akati woola lyomwe, bakapiluka kuti bazyoomupe mulandu:
Mukaambo ka Muleli Mweendelezi Uulemekwa kabwekelana a Michael Sattler, lubeta lwakosozyegwa kuti, Michael Sattler weelede kutolwa kumujayi, ooyo uyoomutola kubusena nkwayoojayilwa, akumukosola mulaka wakwe; mpoonya akumuwaalila munkalaki, oomo mwatikavwalaulwe amubili acibulo cisubila kupya mulilo; mpoonya aakuletwa kumulyango, mpoonya kasyaanikizyigwe ziindi zyosanwe munzila njeenya eeyo.10
Ooyo wakali mulandu uutaambiki, uusinganya ncobeni: kukosolwa mulaka wakwe akukwamaunwa cikanda caamubili azibulo zisubila kupya mulilo, mpoonya akuumpwa. Bamwi basintolongo bakalilekelela. Michael, nokuba boobo,wakaliyumyayumya. Mu Kaanda Kaniini 20, 1527, Michael wakatolwa akataa dolopo lya Rottenburg akutundululwa. Mumasunko woonse aayo, lusyomo lwakwe tiilwakazungaana. Nokuba kuti cibeela camulaka wakwe cakatendwa, walo wakazumanana kupaila, kaamba kuti:
“Singuzuzyoonse, O Mwami [Yahuwah], nduwe nzila akasimpe; nkaambo Ime nsyeejanwa kulubila, Ime buno buzuba kwiinda mulugwasyo lwako, ndilapa bumboni ku kasimpe akukonkezya abulowa bwangu." Mpoonya aawo wakatonkelwa mumulilo mupati. Eelyo ntambo nzyaakaangidwe nizyakamana kupya, Sattler wakapa citondezyo kunkamu yakali kumulangilizya kuti walo wakali kkazyikide moyo mukujayigwa yamusyobo ooyo alimwi wakapaila kuti, "Taata, Ime ndabikka muya wangu mumaanza aako."11
Mubuzuba bwa Kaanda Kaniini 20, 1527, Michael Sattler wakaangililwa kumalele naakamanizya kutundululwa, akutonkelwa mumulilo, akukonkezya bumboni bwakwe kwiinda mubulowa bwakwe. Wakali mu Anabaptisti kulezya buyo myaka yobile.
Kusyomeka kusikila ku Lufu
“Kubaa camba kwini nkuzyiba kuti ulimyankutidwe kotaninga talika, pele yebo ulatalika nokuba boobo akwiinda muli zyoonse kakwiina kulilesya.”
~ Harper Lee, To Kill A Mockingbird
Kuli makani masyoonto buyo aazyibidwe ookwa Margaretha Sattler pele awalo wakatobela mwaalumi wakwe kaindi kasyoonto mulufu. Margaretha “wakali mukaintu muyumu mulusyomo alimwi ngumwi akataa bamakaintu bangaye bakanjide mulimo wa Kubambulula lusyomo. Bunji bwabamakaintu aabo mbaakaangidwe limwi bakali bamakaintu ba Bazangi, pele bunji bwabo bakaangululwa nkaambo tiibakasangene mumulimo ooyo alimwi bakalilekelela nibakaangidwe.”12
Nguzu akubaa camba kwakwe kwakakankamika Muleli mukaintu waku Hechingen, mukaintu ookwa Silumamba Joachim von Zollern ooyo wakapede malailile aakuti ba Sattler baangwe, alimwi wakali mubetesi mupati nibakabetekwa. Ooyu mukaintu wakaswaya Margaretha muntolongo, akumukulwaizya kuti alilekelele akumusyomya busena bwakukkala mumunzi wakwe.
Bwiinguzi bwa Margaretha kumukaintu ooyo butondezya nguzu zyalusyomo lwakwe. Eelyo mukaintu muleli ooyo naakasola kwaambila Margaretha kuti wakanjila ntolongo nkaambo buyo kakuti wakali mukaintu wabulemu uuteelela mwaalumi wakwe, Margaretha wakamwiingula kataleyileyi kuti: “Ime nsyetobeli zintu nzyesyoma nkaambo nzyasyoma awalo mulumi wangu. Ime nditobela mulumi wangu nkaambo kazintu nzyesyoma lwangu.”13
Mazuba obile kuzwa naakaumpwa mulumi wakwe, Margaretha wakatolwa kumulonga wa Neckar akuyoonyikizyigwa muli Bwatatu, Kaanda Kaniini 22, 1527. Bakali kwetene, kusikila munsaa myaka yobile buyo; alimwi akuba basololi kusikila munsaa mwaka omwe.
Ciibalusyo cokwa Michael a Margaretha Sattler caambilizya buyo kuti: “Bakafwida lusyomo lwabo.”
“Tulizingulukidwe akkumbi pati lyabakamboni . . .”
Kubaa camba nkulilesya kuyoowa, kudyaaminina bukandu – kutali kuleka kuyoowa. ~ Mark Twain
Maumi aaba Michael a Margaretha Sattler akakosolwa, pele aabo bayoopona kusikila Mufutuli Yahushua akapiluke, aabo beelede kupona mumazuba aakujala musela wanyika, balemekezya Mwami Yahuwah, mbabaitwa kuti mumuni uumweka: eeco cisyomyo ncaakabacitila Mwami Yahuwah, Walo ulakonzya kukucitila ayebo.
Stuart Hamblen wakali muntu uulikkomanisya kapati, uukkala buumi bwakupobola lyoonse, mwiimbi, uusobana zisobano, alimwi uutola milumbe muli sikapepele. Naakamanizya kulyaaba buumi bwakwe ku Mufutuli Yahushua, wakatalika mulimo wakubambulula buumi aciimo cakwe. Aayo makani akaduma ku Hollywood—kuleka buyo kuti akali kusesya—kuti ooyo muntu wakali sikupobola akulikuna makoko lino wakasanduka akuba muna Kristu. Bumwi buzuba masikati, Hamblen wakaswaangana amweenzinyina ngobasobana limwi John Wayne.
“Makani nzi ngeekamvwa aaya aajatikizya nduwe, Stuart?” Wayne wakabuzya.
“Tee kayi ulizyi kale mbweenya mbobaamba John,” Hamblen wakaingula. “Taali maseseke eeco cintu Leza ncanga wacita.”
“Eeco ncowaamba cimvwikaanga ndizina lyaciimbo,” Wayne wakamwetamweta kumwi kaambila mweenzinyina.
Stuart Hamblen wakaunka kumunzi wakwe akuyoolemba ciimbo cilaa mutwe ooyo. Bumboni bwa Michael a Margaretha Sattler, nciiyo ncobayiisya buno buzuba; zyoonse nzintu zijanwa mulwiimbo lwakuti:
Taali
maseseke eeco Mwami [Yahuwah] ncakonzya kucita.
Ncaakacitila bamwi, Walo uyookucitila ayebo!
Katambikide maanza aakwe, Walo uyookulekelela.
Taali maseseke Mwami [Yahuwah] ncanga wacita.
Basyomi bamazubaano balaa ciindi cibotu ciimpene. Lino swebo tukkala mumazuba aamamanino aamusela wanyika. Ciindi camapenzi cili munsaa ndiswe. Eelyo myeembo yaakutalika kulila , kucinyina ciindi kucakulelema kusikila kumamanino. Kuzwa waawo, kupyopyongana kutaambiki kuyootobela atalaa nyika. Eelyo madaimona aakulibonya kaalipeekezya kuba zilengwa leza zizwa kunyika zili kulaale, akunyawita atalaa nyika yoonse, eelyo poopo aakusumpulwa kuti abe muntu wiiminina bantu boonse, eelyo kukomba kwalweeno kwaakusinikizyigwa bantu boonse kuti kabatayandi kufwa, hena yebo ulaa lusyomo lwakuti ukazumanane kuteelela akubamba mulawo ookwa Yahuwah? Eelyo Saatani nayooliyubununa kumwi kalicengeezya kuti walo ngo Yahushua Lwakwe , kataminina kuti wakacinca Nsabata yansiku akwiisandula kuba Nsondo yakkalenda lina Gregory, hena yebo uyoozumanana kuyaamina Mujwi lyokwa Yahuwah lilikke?
Kuyeeyela buyo kupenzyegwa akufwa inga caba cintu cifundusya mpeyo acikanda akugwisya moyo kuli nduwe. Yebo inga wayeeya kuti tojisi camba mbuli baabo bakajailwa bumboni. Hena Ulizyi na? Abalo tiibakajisi camba pe! Ooko kubaa camba ncipego cipegwa kuzwa ku Mwami Yahuwah kubana Bakwe basyomeka, eelyo nociyandika cipego eeco.
Yebo toyelede akulipenzya kuyoowa mazuba aacizya kumbele. Yebo toyelede kulipenzya kuyeeya kuti naa uyootama eelyo wakutalika kupenzyegwa. Yebo ulakonzya kusiila zintu zyoonse eezyo mumaanza ookwa Taata waluyando.
Muyoba uuyoosya ulazya! Inguzu zyamusinze zyabusofwaazi, zyamadaimona abantu banjidwe mizimo, ziyooswaangana antoomwe atalaa nyika kuzimaanya bantu boonse balemeka Mwami Yahuwah.
Yebo mulimo wako, buno buzuba, ngwakumuzyiba kabotu Mwami Yahuwah cakuti, yebo ukakonzye kuyaamina kuli Nguwe, kuzisyomyo Zyakwe, akuluyando Lwakwe kutali kucintu cimbi kunze Lyakwe pe.
Kosala. Obuno buzuba! “Maanza aakwe alikutambikide, Walo ulilibambide kukulekelela yebo.” Nkooko koya kuli Nguwe lino.
Obuno Buzuba.
Muyoba uutaambiki ulazya. Kolibambila buno buzuba kuti eelyo waakukuumputa muyoba ooyo, yebo utakazungaani pe.
“Nguzu zyesu amayubilo ngu Yahuwah, ngomugwasyi uuliwo muciindi camapenzi oonse. Nikuba kuti nyika izungaane inga tiitwayoowa pe, inga tatuwi nikuba kuti zilundu ziwide akati kalwizi. Pe, tatuwi, nikuba kuti maanzi afufuma akuvwuuma, nikuba kuti zilundu zitenkaane akuvwuuma kwawo.” (Intembauzyo 46:1-3, KJV)
3 Some sources suggest Michael may have left the monastery as early as 1523.
4 http://history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch/reformation-switzerland-calvin.html
5 http://www.gracegems.org/C/persecution_of_the_anabaptists.htm, emphasis original.
7 Thieleman Van Bragt and Jan Luyken, Martyrs Mirror, pp. 419-420.
8 Ibid., p. 418.
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid., p. 419.
13 As quoted in The Radicals.

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Mulimo Wabulemu
Wakufutula Muuya Wako
Milazyo ya Cizuminano Cipya ilikonzyene a milazyo ya Cizuminano Cakale: Kuti wateelela, Ulapona; Kuti Wazanga, ulafwa.
Mukuula ŋanda, ba Mary a James Hurd bakacinca musela waku Amelika kwalyoonse. Eelyo nibakamanizya kuula ŋanda yabo mu Kaanda kaniini 9,1944, bakakkede munsi lyabo ba Lena a Frederic Hodge bakaya kunkuta akubabejelezya mukusoleka kubalesya kuti batakkali muŋanda eeyo njibaalyuulila, kabatamauka kuti inga kaciya kuubaula mweelwe waŋanda yabo ba Hodges kuti kakuli mukwasyi wabantu basiya uukkede munsi lyabo. Niyakayakwa mu 1905 ŋanda eeyo, kwakali cizuminano cakaliko “cilesya kuuzya ŋanda eeyo kumuntu uli woonse wamusyobo wabantu Basiya.”1 Eeyi nkondo yakalula kusikila yakaakumvwidwa ku Nkuta Mpati naa Supreme Court yaku Amelika.
Pele cakazinga babetesi bapati bobile kuti batabeteki mukaambo aaka ncakuti abalo bakakkede mumaanda aakajisi zizuminano zyilesya kuuzya maanda aabo kumuntu wamusyobo umwi nokuba wabupaizi bwamusyobo umwi. Kwakainda kusikila munsaa myaka yone abuzuba bomwe kiilwanwa nkondo eeyi, mpoonya Nkuta Mpati yakakosozya makani akwaangulwida ba Hurd kuti banjile muŋanda yabo njibaalyuulila, eeci cakajulila mulyango kuti zyoonse zyizuminano azimwi zyakalembedwe zyamusyobo ooyo zyakali kukasya kuuzya maanda kuleka buyo kubantu basiya, pele akumisyobo yabantu bazyisi abupaizi bumwi , kuti zyimwaigwe.
Nkondo zyamusyobo ooyo ziyaakuba zyinjaanji mucisi ca Amelika ooko Mbunga ya Bantu balaa Maanda nkwiiyendelezya zyoonse zyicitwa kuzwa kumusyobo uulambidwe aŋanda, ncosyangide anze lyaŋanda azimwi. Cizuminano camumulawo “Ncizuminano, naa cipangano, nanka cisyomyo cilembedwe caazuminanwa akataa bantu bobile eeco cilesya bantu aabo kucita cintu cimwi.”2
Mangwalo aalo atweetela cizuminano camumulawo. Eeci ncipangano cipati kapati cakazuminanwa. Ncipangano akataa Singuzuzyoonse amuntu uli woonse wakaponede alimwi uuciyoopona anyika kuti muuya wakwe ukafutulwe. Kuli kuzingwa kapati mukumvwisya cintu cini eeco caambwa mucizuminano eeci, alimwi amilazyo eeyo yeelede kuteelelwa kutegwa muntu ajane mpindu mucizuminano eeci. Mangwalo aambilizya “cizuminano cakale” a “cizuminano cipya”.Aawa nkaambo buyo kamabala aabelesyegwa bamwi inga bayeeya kuti kuli kwiimpana akataa cizuminano citaanzi kuti ncizuminano “cakaindi” alimwi cizuminano cimwi, kuti ncizuminano “cipya”.
Ooku kupyopyongana kwakaletelezya makataa twaambo tunjaanji tulubide. Kaambo kataanzi kalubide nkakusyoma kuti milazyo “yacizuminano cipya”, “mulawo waakankamina aciciingano” aboobo tuucili mulazyo uujisi nguzu. Bana Kristu basyomeka banjaanji batamauka kuti lufu lwa Yahushua, “lwakabaangulula” kuzwa kumulawo cakuti kucinyina muntu weelede kutobela mulawo ooyo. Oolu ndusyomo lukazyana aBbaibbele.
Mulawo ookwa Yahuwah nciimo Cakwe caluyando cilembedwe mumabala. Johani naakalemba kuti: “Ooyo uutamuyandi tamuzyi pe Yahuwah; nkaambo Yahuwah nduyando.” (1 Johani 4:8) Mulengi wesu wakatwaambila mujwi Lyakwe kuti: “Ime ndime Yahuwah, Ime nsyecinci pe; aboobo nywebo nobana ba Jakobo tamukalobi.” (Amosi 3:6) Nciimo caTaata waluyando eeco cibikkilila kubana Bakwe bacita zinyonyoono. Kuti bantu nibatacili kuyandika kutobela mulawo wabulemu, nikwanyina kaambo kakwaambila kuti nciimo Cakwe caluyando Taata eeco citacinci kuti ncecifutula basizibi kuti “batalobi”.
Milawo ilayandika
Kunyina bulelo bwaanyika bukonzya kuba kakunyina milawo pe; nokuba bulelo bwakujulu. Kuti milawo yabikkwa ambali, bulelo boonse inga bwanjila mubulwani butaambiki. Kutyola mulawo wabulemu ncecaaleta manyongwe aacinyonyoono anyika. Mulawo wabulemu ulilondokede alimwi unikwiimvwi lyoonse kukabe kutamani nkaambo ncecintu cilikke ciletela kukkomana abulemu. Milazyo yakukona zisyomyo zya Cizuminano Cipya ilikonzyene amilazyo yakukona Mucizuminano Cakaindi: koteelela kutegwa upone; kuti wazanga ulafwa.
Ibbala lyakasandululwa kuti “cizuminano” lizyila kubbala lyaci Hebulayo lya beriyth (#1285). Lyaamba kuti: (mbuli kutenda) . . . (kwiinda akati kazibeela zyanyama):-- cizuminano, cipangano, lumvwano, . . Ciindi citaanzi nolilibonya bbala eeli muu Matalikilo 6:18 . . . Kanjaanji eeli bbala lya beriyth lijanwa “muzyizuminano” akataa [Yahuwah] abantu . . . “cizuminano” cokwa [Yahuwah] ncizuminano caluyando akweendela antoomwe akataa [Nguwe] abantu Bakwe basale . . . (Kulonga 19:5-6)3
Cizuminano akataa Abram (alunyungu lwakwe) a Yahuwah alunyungu Lwakwe (Yahushua) cakabambwa eelyo Abram naakaabanya zituuzyo mpoonya walo aYahuwah nibakainda akati kazyo. Eeci cakali cilengwa camulawo wakaindi cakali kwiiminina kuti, “Mbombubo oobo mbociti kacitilwe kuli ndime alimwi akwiinda aawa kuti Ime ndikatyole cizuminano cesu.” Mulazyo wakupalulwa awalo wakapegwa aciindi nceenya eeci kuti ncitondezyo cacizuminano cakumvwana kwabo.
Cizuminano cakale cakali kulangila lufu lwa Yahushua aciciingano. Cakali kusyomya kulekelelwa akusalazyigwa kuli baabo boonse batambula cituuzyo kwiinda mulusyomo eeco ncaakapeda mbabo Mesiya waasyomezyedwe. Zituuzyo zyabulowa zyakali kuyiisya muzitondezyo eeco cakali kuyoocitwa ayooyo Mwanaambelele ookwa Yahuwah uugwisya zinyonyoono zyanyika. Aboobo boonse bakaponede akufwa eelyo Mufutuli kataninga boola bakacili kukonzya kusalazyigwa abulowa Bwakwe mbwaakatilila mbabo.
Cizuminano cipya camumulawo acalo inga cabaa milazyo iikonzyene acizuminano cakaindi. Ooku takuli kubikka ambali zyoonse zyakali mucizuminano cakaindi. Mbombubo oobu mbocibede cizuminano cipya Mumangwalo. Cizuminano cipya cilanga musyule kulufu lwa Yahushua aciciingano. Mbuli mucizuminano cakale, acalo eeci cizuminano cisyomya kulekelelwa akusalazyigwa kuli baabo boonse batambula cituuzyo ncibaacitilwa kwiinda mulusyomo lwabo. Nokuba kuti muntu wakaponede ciindi kalutaningaba lufu lwa Mesiya nanka kalwiindide, milazyo yacizuminano eeco ilikonzyene lyoonse. Zyoonse ziyandika zyicili mbweenya: muntu weelede kutambula cituuzyo eeco caacitilwa mucibaka cakwe. “Nkaambo kwiinda muluzyalo Lwakwe iywe mwakafutulwa kwiinda mulusyomo; alimwi kuleka kuti lwenu nobeni; ncipegocokwa Yahuwah: Kutali camilimo, nkaambo inga muntu kayoolidunda.” (Baefeso 2:8-9 Lufu lwa Yahushua lwakamanizya kulungila milandu yoonse muzyizuminano zyoonse zyobile.
Kulubila Kujanika kapati
Bantu balalubizya eelyo nobayeeya kuti lufu lwa Mesiya “lwaakankamina cizuminano cakale kuciciingano.” Baya kumbele kwaamba kuti, “Tuli kunsaa luzyalo lwakwe cino ciindi. Mulawo tuuciyandiki kubambwa.” Mangwalo ayubununa kuti oolu lusyomo lwamusyobo ooyo nkweena kulaantenda kapati: “Nkaambo Ime ndime Yahuwah; Ime nsyecinci pe.” (Malachi 3:6) “Yahushua uli mbubwenya jilo asunu alimwi alyoonse kutamani.” (Ba Hebulayo 13:6)
Lufu lwa Yahushua lwakamanizya kulungila zyoonse zyakali kuyandika mucizuminano cakale. Mulengi wesu wakamusungula ncobeni Mwanaakwe alikke kuti afwide zinyonyoono zyamukowa wabantu. Pele eeci cizuminano ticaazuzika cibeela eeco mukowa wabantu ncobeelede kucita mucizuminano cakale eeco. Zyoonse ziyandika mucizuminano eeco zyiciliko kumusela uli woonse wabantu uuzyalwa. Milazyo iiliko myuubauba: Koteelela kutegwa upone kwiinda mulusyomo lwa cituuzyo calufu lwa Mufutuli pele kuti wakaka ulafwa. Kusala kuti uteelele naa utateeleli cicili cibeela camukowa wabantu mucizuminano. Kuti wateelela, nkokuti webo ubamba cizuminano. Kuti webo tooteeleli, utyola cizuminano.
Cizuminano cakale “cakaalilwa” kutali mucibeela cabulemu bwakujulu. Pele, bantu bakaalilwa kubamba mulawo ookwa Yahuwah cakulondoka, eeco ncecakali cibeela cabo mucizuminano eeco. Yahuwah mbwaakamanizya buyo kubanununa kuzwa mubuzike ku Ijipita bana ba Isilayeli, Walo wakasoleka kubambulula cizuminano cina Abrahamu ambabo. Mutumpango tumwi twa Mangwalo ooto twaamba cizuminano akataa bulemu bwakujulu abantu, Mangwalo alembedwe kuti:
Mozesi wakatanta mulundu kuti akaswaangane Yahuwah. Lino Mwami Yahuwah wakamwiita Mozesi mumulundu oomo kaamba kuti,
“Mwakabona ncendakacita kubana Baijipiti, ambuli mbundakamunununa nywebo amababa aabasikwaze, akumuleta kulindime Lwangu.
Aboobo lino, kuti mundiswiilile akubamba cizuminano Cangu, mulaba bantu Bangu ncobeni. Nikuba kuti nyika yoonse mbwiibede njiyangu, nywebo muyooba bantu Bangu basale baandeene.
Muyooba bantu bandibelekela mbuli bapaizi, musyobo uusalala. Ngamajwi aaya ngoyelede kubaambila Baisilayeli.”
Aboobo Mozesi wakabweeda akuyooita basololi babantu boonse akubaambila zyoonse Mwami Yahuwah nzyaakamwaambila.
Mpoonya bantu boonse bakavwiila antoomwe kuti, “Tulacita zyoonse nzyaamba Mwami Leza..” (Kulonga 19:3-8)
“Zyoonse nzyaamba Yahuwah iswe tuyoozicita.” Nokuba kuti makanze aakubamba mulawo wabulemu akali makanze mabotu alimwi aayanidka, tiicakali cintu cimanina waawo pe. Kunyina muntu uukonzya kubamba mulawo wabulemu munguzu zyakwe mwini. Booonse aabo basoleka kucita boobo beelede kulangila buyo kwaalilwa, mbweenya mbuli bana ba Isilayeli mbobaakalilwa. Kakwiindide mvwiki cisambomwe buyo, bakazanga akubumba moombe wagolide, akubandauka majwi aasampaula: “Aaba mbabaleza benu O Isilayeli, aabo bakamuleta kuzwa munyika ya Ijipita.” (Kulonga 32:4) Ooko kwakali kugaminina kunyansya cizuminano cabo nkaambo Yahuwah wakaambila Mozesi kuti: “Koya, koseleka; nkaambo bantu bako, aabo mbookaleta kuzwa munyika ya Ijipita, balisofwaazya. Badukwida syule lyabo cakufwamba kuzwa munzila eeyo Ime njeekabalailide balo.” (Kulonga 32:7-8)
Eelyo bana Isilayeli nibakatyola cizuminano cabo kuli Yahuwah, Walo wakaanguluka kuzwa kucibeela Cakwe mucizuminano eeco. “Alimwi Yahuwah wakati kuli Mozesi, Ime ndabona bantu aaba, kuti mbantu bayumu mikosi: Lino ndileke Ime, bukali bwangu bubakalalile, alimwi kuti ndibanyonyoone: nkabela Ime njookubamba webo kuti ube musyobo mupati.” (Kulonga 32:9-10) Yahuwah wakabalekelela bana Isilayeli, pele balo tiibakali kukonzya mnguzu zyabo beni, kubamba cibeela cabo amilazyo yacizuminano.
Cizuminano “cipya” ciciyandika kubambwa kwiinda mukulyaaba kwamuntu akuteelela cibeela cakwe mucizuminano eeco akataa Mulengi acilengwe Cakwe. “Hena lino inga twamwaya mulawo kwiinda mulusyomo? Nee peepe. Yahuwah tazumizyi oobo, iswe tweelede kubamba mulawo!” (Baloma 3:31) Aboobo, cituuzyo cabulowa taciciyandiki kucitwa lino nkaambo eeco cakali kutondezyegwa (citondezyo) cakazuzikwa ncobeni ku Kalivali. Nokuba boobo, mapobwe akacili kuyandika kubambwa. Mapobwe, mbweenya mbuli Nsabata yabuzuba bwa ciloba, aalo “nimbungano zisetekene” kuli Yahuwah.
Cizuminano Cipya aMapobwe
Kubamba mapobwe aasetekene aaya, mucizuminano cipya, ncintu ciimpene kuli ceeco cakali kucitwa mucizuminano cakale. Mbuli cituuzyo mbocaapegwa kale, kucinyina bulowa buciyandika kutikaika, kwiinda mukutuuzya nokuba kupalulwa. Pele, mucizuminano cipya, aaya mapobwe aasetekene ayelede kubambwa kubelesya zitondezyo eezyo Yahushua nzyaakaanza mumulalilo wamamanino: icinkwa awaini.
Mpoonya nibakali kulya, Yahushua wakabweza cinkwa, akucileleka, akucikomoona, akubapa basikwiiya, kaamba kuti, Kamulya; ooyu ngomubili Wangu.
Mpoonya wakabweza nkomeki, akulumba, alimwi wakabapa balo, kaamba kuti Kamunywa nywebo coonse;
Nkaambo ooyu waini ngo bulowa Bwangu mucizuminano cipya, oobo buswekela banjaanji kuti balekelelwe zinyonyoono. (Mateyo 26:26-28; amulange amuli Luka 22:15-20 amuli Maako 14:22-24.)
Aawa bbala lisanduludwe kuti “cizuminano,” lizyila kubbala lyaci Giliki diatheke. Liiminina kuti cipangano nanka cizuminano.4 Ndebbala eeli lisanduludwe mubbuku lyaba Hebulayo lyoonse kuti “ cizuminano”. “Alimwi kuli Yahushua wiiminina cizuminano cipya, abulowa bakusansaila, oobo bwaambilizya zintu zibotu kwiinda bokwa Abela.” (Ba Hebulayo 12:24)
Mwaapositolo Paulu wakabona cisalala Mumulalilo Ucaalizya kutalika kwa cizuminano cipya kacijisi milazyo njeenya yakuteelela mbuli mucizuminano cakale.
Nkaambo ndakatambula kuzwa kuli Yahuwah eeco ambeyo ncindakamuyiisya, kuti Mwami Yahushua Kristu mbwaakali kuyo kwaabwa mangolezya aayo wakabweza cinkwa antela mukamu:
Mpoonya naakamizya kulumba,Walo wakakomoona akwaamba kuti: “Amulye : eeci ciiminina mubili wangu uupegwa akaambo kandinywe.Kamucita oobu lyoonse kundiibaluka.”
Wakacita mbubonya oobo kujatikizya nkomeki, naakamana kulya mulalilo, kaamba kuti: “Inkomeki eeyi yiiminina cizuminano cipya ciyeeme abulowa bwangu. Amuzumanane kucita oobu, kufumbwa eelyo nomunywa nkomeki eeyi, akundiibaluka.”
Nkaambo kufumbwa nomulya cinkwa eeci akunywa nkomeki eeyi, mulazumanana kwaambilizya lufu lwa Mufutuli, kusikila akasike.
Aboobo kufumbwa uulya cinkwa eeci akunywa munkomeki ya Simalelo eeyi munzila iteelede unoolaa mulandu kujatikizya mubili abulowa bwa Mufutuli.
Muntu asaangune kulilingula abone kuti naa uleelela, mpoonya natiilye cinkwa eeco akunywa nkomeki eeyo.
Nkaambo ooyo uulya akunywa cabuyamba uliletela lubeta kuti katauzyi mubili ookwa Yahushua. (1 Bakolinto 11:23-29)
Aaka nkampango kapati mu Mangwalo. Kuti mulawo niwataceelede kubambwa, nicatali kukonzyeka kulya zintu eezi “cabuyamba” akuliletela “lubeta” kuli lwako. Kuya kumbele, ba Hebulayo baamba cizuminano eeci kuti ncizuminano “citeeli”. “Lino Eloah waluumuno, ooyo wakabusya Simalelo wesu Yahushua kuzwa kubafu, mweembezi mupati wambelele, kwiinda mubulowa bwacizuminano citeeli.” (Ba Hebulayo 13:20)
Lufu lwa Yahushua lwakazuzika cibeela cabulemu mucizuminano. Basyomi aabo bapona “mucizuminano cipya”, bacili cibeela ca “cizuminano citeeli” nkaambo milazyo yacizuminano eeci icili tiicincide pe naaba asyoonto. Lufutuko lucitambikidwe kuli boonse bayanda kulutambula. Cibeela cabulemu bwakujulu cakazuzikwa mucizuminano eeci. Pele cibeela camuntu, kuteelela mulawo wabulemu, ciceelede kuzuzikwa mumaumi aamuntu uuli woonse.
Mbuli mufalisi, Paulu wakalaa luzyibo lunjaanji lwamulawo, alimwi kwiinda mulembi uli woonse, wakalemba makanaa zizuminano zyobile eezi. Kaibauluka musela waban ba Isilayeli, walo wakapandulula ncokuyandikila kubamba mulawo wabulemu kwiinda mulusyomo kuti ncecibeelea camuntu mucizuminano cakale amucizuminano cipya.
Nkaambo kuli ndiswe mulumbe mubotu wakakambaukwa, akuli mbabo akwalo: pele jwi ndibaakambaukilwa tiilyakabajanya mpindu pe, nkaambo tiilyaavwelana alusyomo muli baabo baalimvwa.
Nkaambo swebo notwatondezya lusyomo tulanjila mukulyookezya ooko, mbubonya mbwaamba kuti: “Aboobo kandinyemede ndakakonka ndilaamba, 'Tabakanjili pe mukulyookezya kwangu,'” nokuba kuti milimo yakwe yakalimanizyidwe kuzwa kumatalikilo aanyika. Nkaambo kujatikizya buzuba bwa ciloba, cibalo cimwi camu Mangwalo caamba kuti: “Eelyo Yahuwah wakalyookezya kumilimo yakwe yoonse mubuzuba bwaciloba.” Alimwi lino Yahuwah waamba kuti: “ tabakanjili pe mukulyookezya kwangu.”
Aboobo mbwaanga kucili bamwi ibeelede kunjila mukulyookezya ooku, alimwi aabo bakasaanguna kukambaukilwa makani mabotu tiibakanjila akaambo kakutaswiilila,
Aboobo kucili Nsabata yakulyookezya kubantu ba Yahuwah. Nkaambo muntu iwanjila mukulyookezya akumilim yakwe mwini, mbubonya Yahuwah mbwaakalyookezya kumilimo yakwe. (Ba Hebulayo 4:2-6, 9-11)
Nkocicili ciindi cakunjila mucizuminano a Mulengi. Bikka ambali makanze aako. Kotambula mulusyomo bwaabi bwa Mufutuli. Kumutamba walo mumoyo wako sunu. Koteelela kutegwa upone. Ncintu cikonzyeka kuti Walo inga wakkala buumi Bwakwe mulinduwe kwiinda mulusyomo lwako.
“Ime ndakakankaminwa aYahushua: nokuba boobo ndicipona; pele kutali ndime, pele Yahushua nguupona mukati kangu: alimwi buumi mbwepona cino ciindi munyama Ime ndipona kwiinda mulusyomo mu Mwanaa Yahuwah, ooyo wakandiyanda ime, akulyaaba Lwakwe nkaambo kangu.” (Ba Galatiya2:20)


text:
Bible Society nkabunga kazandisha kwaamba ati Mazwi a Leza apandululwe kabotu kabotu mumilaka ya bantu boonse, kwaamba bantu bacikonzhe kulibalila Makani Mabotu a Mwami wesu Jeso Kilisito bwiina ipenzhi. Nciceco mukusebezela antoomwi u bantu bamushobo wa Ciila, kabunga ka Bible Society of Zambia kalilyaabile mumulimo wa kupandulula mazwi a Leza mu Ciila.
Bible Society of Zambia
Amashiwi Aba LesaAmazwi Yakwe Leza 2013Baibo Busansulushi Bwa Libuku IliBbaibeleBibele ye Kenile (Catholic Edition)Chilongeslo-Chalushiko-Lwakalunga ChachihyaChinsenga New TestamentChipangano ChabwanguIbbaibele 1963Ishiwi Lyakwa Lesa 2015Izwi lya LezaKNTPKulimama KwakupyaLibuka Lya KuyelaLivulu lya Shukulu KalungaLuvale Bible 1970Mukanda Wa Zambi 1970Mukanda Wajila WanzambiUthenga Uweme wa Yesu Kristu Wolembewa na Maliko
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text:
'Ijwi' muli Izaya: Cijuzyo ca Kumvwisyisya Cizuminano Cipya
“Ikaambo keni Johane ncaakasala kwiita Mwana...izina lyakuti Logos, ndilyakaleta kuvwuntauzya kapati. Kanjaanji kuyeeyelwa kuti kukwelelezyegwa aaziyanza zyaci Giliki (bbala lya logos wakali muzeezo wakazyibidwe mubusongo bukatazya kumvwisya) azyaci Hebulayo (nkaambo oomo ibbala lya Yahuwah lyaambwa aanga muntu mubunji bwa Cizuminano Cakale — ngooyu mukonzyanyo uupedwe, Tusimpi. 8).”1
Mukuteelela nkulyaazyila kuli ba Hebulayo “ibbala” lya mu Cizuminano Cakale, alimwi akaambo keni Johane ncaakasala kubelesya muzeezo ooyo naakajuzya Messiah, Izaya inga watugwasya kapati. Ooyu mushinshimi utupa bupanduluzi butonkomene bwa “jwi lya Yahuwah.” Alimwi nkaambo kakuti balembi ba Cizuminano Cipya kanjaanji bakali kuzubula majwi aabo kuzwa muli Izaya, ncintu citusalazyila kumvwisya muzeezo wakwe wa “jwi” muli nzibaalemba, kapati mu mulumbe mubotu wa Johane. Zibalo zitaanzi kapati zya Izaya zijisi “jwi” mumuzeezo ngolibelesyedwe mu Cizuminano Cakale, kuti malailile naa mulawo ookwa Yahuwah. Kweendelana bulembedwe muli Izaya 2:3 a 5:24 kutondezya kuti “ijwi lya Yahuwah” ngo mulawo Wakwe. Myeengwe iicaalizya yobile mukampango 2:3 ibala kuti: “Nkaambo mulawo uyoozyila mu Ziyoni, alimwi ijwi lya Mwami kuzwa ku Jelusalema.” Mbubwenya buyo, awalo Izaya 1:10 upandulula “jwi” kuti malailile ookwa Yahuwah: “Amuteelele jwi lya Mwami, inywe nobaleli ba Sodoma; amuswiilile malailile aa Yahuwah wesu, inywe nobantu baku Gomorrah.” Kuzwa mutwaambo totatwe ootu, tulakonzya kuzubulula kuti “ijwi” malailile nokuba mulawo ookwa Yahuwah.
Nokuba boobo, muli Izaya 9:8, muzeezo wa “ijwi” tiiwakazubululwa mbuli muntu. “Mwami wakatumina jwi lilwana Jakobo, nkabela lyakawida ali ba Isilayeli.” Nokuba kuti aawa “ijwi” inga lyasandululwa aanga “mulumbe,” umwi mwaambilizi ulombozya busanduluzi bubaanga muntu waambwa: “ijwi mububambe amusela walyo ngo mutumwa wa Simalelo: lilabalika cakufwamba muzyooko zyanyika yoonse, alimwi eelyo nolitumwa aa Simalelo, lilabalika kubantu kuzyoonyonyoona nokuba kuponya, alimwi kunyina pe nolipiluka acinkwa maanza kuli yooyo waalituma.”2 Oobu mbobupanduluzi bwa mutumwa uukonzya kweezyekwa Kristu. “Ijwi” aawa lilalizuzika lwalyo; lilainda kubaa nguzu muli lwalyo kwiinda mulumbe nokuba malailile aabuyo.
“Bwizu bulawizuka, maluba alayuminina, pele jwi lya Yahuwah wesu linokwiimvwi lyoonse alyoonse” (Izaya. 40:8). Umwi mwaambilizi ukosoozya kampango aaka kuti: “Muntu anguzu zyakwe nzyakaindi kasyoonto buyo, pele ijwi, makanze ookwa Yahuwah, aapozyedwe kumulomo, liloongola lyoonse.”3 “Aayo makanze aakaambilizyigwa” mubwini, ncintu cigumikizya kapati makani mabotu aayubununa bulemu bwa Simalelo. Aawa Izaya utondezya muzeezo uuyeeyelwa mu Cizuminano Cipya mulikke kuti ngo mulumbe wa bulelo. Awumwi mwaambilizi uzubulula kampango aaka kuti:
“Bantu bakkala muzisusi zyanyama munyika yoonse tabazyali, balalobelela, mbace; Yahuwah, mukwiimpanya, ngu singuzuzyoonse, ulapona lyoonse, uleendelezya zyoonse; alimwi mbuli Nguwe Lwakwe mwini, alyalo Jwi lyakwe, eelyo, lisumpya akwaambilizya kuyanda Kwakwe amizeezo Yakwe njapozya, eeco tacili cintu caandeene kuzwa kuli Nguwe Lwakwe, aboobo lilikonzyene mbuli Nguwe.”4
Cilakondelezya kuti boonse bobile baambilizi aaba, mukuzubulula Izaya, bakasalazya caambwa muli Johane 1:1. Kumatalikilo kwakali Jwi — “makanze ookwa Yahuwah aakaambilizyidwe” nokuba “citumyo ca kuyanda Kwakwe amizeezo Yakwe njapozya” — alimwi eeli jwi lyakali aa Yahuwah, alimwi lyakali “mbweenya mbuli Nguwe.” Eeli jwi lyakaba mubili wabuntu muli Yahushua.
Izaya 45:23 a 55:11 balikonzyene mubusanduluzi bwabo bwa “jwi lya Yahuwah.” Boonse bobile bapandulula kuti eeco cakazwa mu mulomo wa Yahuwah mubululami, alimwi tacikazyokeli. “Talikazyokeli kuli Ndime cinkwa maanza, kakwiina kuzuzika eeco nceyanda Ime, alimwi kakwiina kuzwidilila mumulimo ooyo ngweekalitumina Ime” (55:11). Yahushua, ncikombelo ca “jwi” muciimo camuntu, walo taakatanta kuya kuli Yahuwah kakwiina kuzwidilila muluyando lwa Yahuwah muli Nguwe. Umwi mwaambilizi mukusandulula “jwi” aawa awalo uzubulula Kristu mubukkwene:
“Mpeenya buyo mbulyapozyelwa kuzwa mumulomo wa Yahuwah libweza ciwa cimwi, nkabela muciwa eeci momusisidwe buumi bwabulemu, nkaambo ka bulemu buli kooko nkulyaazyila; alimwi mbolyeenda oobo, abuumi buzwa kuli Yahuwah, bupedwe nguzu zyabulemu, bupedwe milimo yabulemu, mbuli mutumwa uufwambaana kwiinda mu zilengwa leza amunyika ya muntu, kuyooyaazya caanda, mbuli mbokubede, akuponya akufutula; alimwi talipiluki kuzyila mumusinzo walyo kusikila lyoonda mulimo wayooyo wakalituma. Ooku kuzyokela kwa Jwi kuli Leza, nceciyeekezya ciimo calyo cabulemu.”5
Mukubweza ciwa cabuntu eeli “jwi,” Izaya usalazyila limwi kuti eeci cilainda kuba buyo kutumina mulomo, kupa malailile nokuba kubikka mulawo. Mucibaka caboobo, walo utondezya kuti “Kupozya majwi kwakali kulanganyigwa abaHebulayo mbuli nguzu zilizuzika lwazyo zini.”6 Aboobo Izaya ulatugwasyilila kumvwisyisya “jwi” muli Johane 1:1 kuti ninguzu zya Yahuwah zilizuzika zini, eezyo zyakasama ciwa cabuntu muli Yahushua akuzuzika makanze ookwa Yahuwah.
1 Merrill Tenney, ed., The New International Dictionary of the Bible, Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987, p. 1069.
2 F. Delitzsch and C.F. Keil, Commentary on the Old Testament, Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1989, p. 256.
3 Arthur Peake, ed., A Commentary on the Bible, London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1919, p. 461.
4 Keil a Delitzsch, p. 143.
5 Ibid., p. 359.
6 Peake, p. 468.
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