text:
Camana ciindi, Mulyango ulajalwa lino! Akusumpula Poopo Francis
Camana ciindi.
Ŋanda yakazekelo ilaafwi kujalwa, mukaindi kasyoonto buyo alimwi onoono.
Zintu ziyaa bweenda munzila iitozya kumamanino. Pele banabunji tabakubwene makani aambilizya ceeco ncobabwene kacicitika mumeso aabo.
Ivwivwi 4-23, 2016, nceciindi cakulangisya. Mumazubaayo, kuyooba muswaangano walusyomo lwamisyobo misyobo atalaa nyika. Basololi ba Katolika baku Loma, ba Mozilemu abaJuuda bayoobungana antoomwe mu Munzi Wansiku Jelusalema. Mulimo wamuswaangano ooyu ngwakubunganya antoomwe misyobo yabupaizi botatwe buna Abraham “eeyo iswaangene mukusyoma Leza omwe alimwi akuyandisya munzi wa Jelusalema kuti babandike antoomwe, akubala, akwiimba akupaila antoomwe muŋanda yomwe kabakombela antoomwe.”1
Bantu baiminina misyobo yabupaizi yotatwe eeyi, bayooyiisya ziiyo ziimpene. Aabo bayoonjila muswaangano, abalo bayoopegwa ciindi cakupailila antoomwe mumilaka ya Coputiki, ciHebulayo aci Alabu.
Cibeela citaanzi mumuswaangano ooyu ciyoogama akukomba akumvwana akataa zikombelo. Itay Mautner, Mweendelezi wa Pobwe lya Mekudeshet, wakati:
Swebo tuyoobala, akukazyana – inzya, eeci cilizumizyidwe– alimwi akupaila – antoomwe alimwi umwi aumwi alikke. Tuyoolangalanga kuti naa cilakonzyeka, nokuba zintu zinjaanji boobo zitwaandaanya akutusinkila atalaa nyika, kulengelezya cintu cipya… Cinooli cintu cilezya asyoonto kuba maleele kuti mukati kaŋanda yomwe, swebo tuyootalisya cikkalilo comwe camisyobo yotatwe yalusyomo eeyo yaabene munzi wa Jelusalema abaabo bayanda kukkalila kunsaa mababa ookwa Singuzuzyoonse.2
Ivwivwi 12-23, ciyooba ciindi camazuba aali kkumi abumwi aakulyaaba. Eeci ciyooba ciindi ciimpene, alimwi ceebeka. Kulyaaba caambilizya: “Kulibamba nokuba kulisetekanya, kwiinda muzilengwa aziyanza; kubikkwa ambali kuti ubelesyegwe muzintu zisetekene; kusalwa, kubosyegwa, kusuwigwa, kumulimo akukukomba Leza; mbuli kusetekanya cikombelo.”3
Ninzi eeco ncobayanda kuyoosetekanya? Kutegwa misyobo yalusyomo mipati munyika yotatwe, iswaanganine kusetekanya cintu cimwi inga caambilizya kuti basetekanya umwi nokuba cimwi cintu, naa basala umwi akumubikka ambali kuti uli setekene, akwaamba kuti lukamantano lwabo lino nkuswaangana mubupaizi: nkokuti mbupaizi bwamisyobo yalusyomo yoonse, kuti koyanda inga waamba akuti, baliswaangene muzintu zyoonse nzyobeendelana.
Mbuli bweende bwanyika mbobubede cino ciindi, ncintu cuubauba kubona ncobayandila bantu kuswaangana kuti bajane luumuno. Ihab Balha, wakucikolo ca Izilamu ku Baqa al-Gharbiyye, wakati: “Masimpe eeni ngakuti, swebo mu Cisi ca Isilayeli abaku Palesitaini tuponena akataa nkondo lyoonse . . . Aboobo swebo tukanza kulenga cintu cimwi cabupaizi alimwi cili masimpe eeco cilesya kubeja kwakuti zintu zyoonse ziponena buyo nkondo yalo.”4
Nokuba kuti eeco ncaamba muntu ooyo cimvwikaanga ncintu cilaa maanu alimwi cilateeleleka, mubwini kunzaa cintu eeco kuli makanze aasisidwe. Ncaakaamba Balha kutobela waawo, ciyubununa cintu cisisidwe eeci: Swebo tobantu balusyomo tusyoma kuti kutantaana kwabantu bamapolitikisi abasololi baanyika kuzwa kubuumi bwabupaizi [ncintu cilaa kaambo] alimwi swebo twakabona kale kuti bupaizi mbobukonzya kuleta luumuno, kutali kukazyana akuzwangana akucengelelana.”5
Aaka nkakaambo keni ooyu muswaangano wamisyobo yalusyomo iiswaangana ncuuli muswaangano nsini. Kwamyaka iili makumi osanwe, munzi wa Vaticani wakali kumbele kuswaanganya misyobo yalusyomo yoonse. Ooyo wakali mu Jesuiti aciindi cimwi, Malachi Martin, wakalemba mabbuku aakubandika abaabo batola milumbe; oomo mumibandi wakacenjezya kuti kuli bupaizi bwanyika yomwe buyaakubambwa. Walo wakataminina kuti, aabo bakomba Lusifa bakanjilauka mumunzi wa Vaticani wini awalo, alimwi bakali kukanza kulenga bupaizi bomwe bwanyika yoonse oobo bweelede kukkalilila myaka iili cuulu.
Aaya makanze aakubunganya bupaizi boonse akutalikila muciindi ca Vatican II alimwi ayoomanizyigwa eelyo ooyu poopo, poopo mutaanzi waba Jesuiti mumusela wanyika, nayoosumpulwa kuti asololele bupaizi bwanyika bomwe.
Kukwela Zikombelo Zyoonse Kuzyokela ku Loma.
Bupaizi bwanyika bwakali pambukene kwaciindi cilamfu cakuti tiibwakali kukonzya kubaa musololi omwe wakubweendelezya. Kutegwa abe musololi wabupaizi abweende bwanyika, Poopo Francis weelede kudilimuna zyoonse zilengwa zyabantu, mizeezo, azintu zisinkilila mulusyomo eezyo zyaandaanya baJuuda, Bana Kristu aba Mozilemu. Aaba botatwe mbambabo mbayandisya kuti bakamantane akumvwana. Bupaizi bwakujwe tabukwe makani manji mumakanze aakwe nkaambo ziiyo zyabupaizi oobo zilakonzya kutambula lusyomo lwiindene, pele kuleka mbuli bupaizi buna Abraham. Francis wakabeleka canguzu mukaindi kasyoonto kakukkala acuuno kuti alete kukamantana ooku.
Walo wakatalika mu 2016, acipekupeku eeco cakabambwa aMbungano Ya Poopo Yamipailo Munyika Yoonse. Mucipekupeku eeco, walo wakasukumina kumbali zyoonse zyaandaanya akataa misyobo yalusyomo, akutonkomana kugama azintu eezyo nzyobasyoma boonse antoomwe. Eeci cakali cintu cikatazya kuuntuluzyila zintu zyaandaanya lusyomo pele akugama kuswaanganya lusyomo lwabupaizi.
Citobela aawa, mulongo wazintu eezyo Poopo Francis nzyaakacita mukuswaanganya misyobo yabupaizi mu 2016.
Mukazi Maziba: Mu 2015, cisi ca Vaticani cakasaina cizuminano caluumuno acisi ca Palesitaini. (Nkaambo nzi poopo ncali nguwe uusaina zizuminano zyamulawo zyamfulumende?) Mumuswaangano ooyo, poopo wakaambila Mahmoud Abbas kuti munzila imwi wakali “mungele wa luumuno.” Eeci cakasiya bamaJuuda kabalimvwide kulibilika. Mukusoleka kuyumya bweende akataa poopo abaJuuda bali munyika yoonse, Poopo Francis wakaswaya Sinagogwe lyaku Loma lyaba Juuda mumwezi wa Mukazi Maziba 2016.
Ellie Hirschfeld, ooyo wakatamba Francis kusinagogwe, wakaamba kuti: “Eeci nciindi ciindene mumusela woonse alimwi cijata moyo kuti Poopo wakasoleka kuyanzana abaJuuda. Mbuli kucimwa bamaJuuda mbokumwaikide atalaa nyika, ooku kuswaya kwakatumina mulumbe wakukamantana, alimwi eeci cakali cintu cipati.”6
Balikke bama poopo bakaswaide sinagogwe eelyo, bakali baabo bakasolweda Francis, Poopo Benedict XVI mu 2010, a Poopo John Paul II mu 1986.
Mulumi: Poopo Francis wakaswaangana Mweendelezi Kirill, Wisi wa Cikombelo ca Russiani Orthodoxi. Eeci cakali ciindi citaanzi poopo naakaswaangana a wisi wacikombelo ca Russia Orthodoxi kuzwa ciindi ca Kupambukana Kupati nsiku lini mu 1054. Mumuswaangano ooyo, bakaswaangana mbuli “basazinyina mulusyomo lwa buna Kristu,” bakasaina cizuminano camusela. (Nkaambo nzi poopo ncali nguwe uusaina zizuminano zyoonse eezyi?) Eeci cizuminano cakali camulimo wakuyandaula lukamantano akataa Zikombelo zya Russia Orthodoxi aca Katolica caku Loma. Kwaambwa kuti:
… Eeci cizuminano mbobulangizi bwesu bwakuti muswaangano wesu uyoogwasyilizya kuyakulula lukamantano oolu mukuyanda kwa Leza . . . [6]
Mukukakatila kwesu kutegwa tucite kufumbwa ceelede kumanya zitwiimpanya mumisela yesu eezyo nzyotwaakona, swebo tulombozya kuswaanganya nguzu zyesu kuti tupe bumboni bwa Mulumbe wa Kristu akutondezya mbotuswaangene mu Cikombelo ca cuulu camyaka citaanzi, katwiingula antoomwe kuzintu eezyo zitukatazya munyika iiliko cino ciindi . . . [7]
Mbulangizi bwesu kuti ooyu muswaangano wesu uyoosanganya kukumvwana kwesu kufumbwa ooko kuli kulwana akataa Bakatolika ba Giliki aba Orthodoxi. Ncintu cisalazyidwe kuti nzila yakaindi ya “busikatungu”, eeyo yakali kumvwugwa kuti nkuswaanganya mukowa omwe kuli umwi, akuzandula mukowa ooyo kuzwa kucikombelo cawo, tiili nzila yakubambulula lukamantano . . . [35]7
Mpoonya mbuwakamanina buyo muswaangano ooyu a poopo, Wisi wa cikombelo Kirill wakabweza musinzo kuya kunsumbu ya Antarctica ooko nkwaakakunjila muswaangano wabupaizi kubusena bwa Baleza Botatwe Muli Omwe bwa Cikombelo ca Russia Orthodoxi.
Bamwi balendekezya kuti Kirill wakatambula “cilembedwe cansiku cilaa maseseke” kuzwa kuli poopo eeco cijatikizya “Bwato bwa Gabrieli” alimwi eeco, mbobaamba, cakalembedwe abaabo “balindilizi” balembedwe mu Bbuku lya Enoch. Kuti aaya kaali ngamasimpe ncobeni, mbuli mbokutamininwa, umwi muntu inga wabona kuti eeci cijatikizya kulibonya kwamadaimona ooko kulangilwa muciindi cisyoonto, kaalipeekezya kubaanga nzilengwa leza zizwa kulaale anyika eeyi, mumweembo maawe mutaanzi.
Mukubwe Kaangala: Poopo Francis wakabweza musinzo wakuya ku Gilisi kuyooswaangana a Bartholomew I Wisi wa Cikombelo Cakujwe ca Orthodoxi. Naakali kokuya, boonse basololi bobile bakaswaangana kwaambilizya kulesya bujayi akutambula ba Mozilemu banjaanji munyika ya Bukuwa.
Batola milumbe baku Fox News bakabona cintu ciyandika mubasololi bobile aaba kabeendelana boobu, akumwaya mulumbe wakuti:
Basololi bana Kristu bobile bayandika kapati, pele kabacizandukene akupambukana kwa cuulu camyaka, bayooindila kuya kumbele mujwi lyomwe liindilizya nguzu zya bupaizi kuti babambulule twaambo tukatazya mbuli twamanyongwe aaziindi zyamwaka (cimpayuma, caanda mabwe, amazambangulwe aameenda) amanyongwe akataa bantu munyika yoonse.
Ooku kuswaya, kwakasika kawiindide muswaangano wa Francis antoomwe a musololi wa Cikombelo ca Russia Orthodoxi, oobu mbobumboni bwakukamantana ooko kuyaa kulibonya akataa Bakatolika aba Orthodoxi oobo mbubakali kuyumyayumya ….8
Poopo aBartholomew lino balaa cilongwe cikubwene, tee kayi zyeembela beelene. Myaka yobile musyule kusikila waawo, poopo a Wisi wacikombelo Bartholomew bakasaina Cizuminano Antoomwe ciyumya kuyandisya kwabo ‘kumwaya … zyoonse zisinkilila akwaandaanya ba Katolika aba Orthodoxi.”9 (Nkaambo nzi poopo ncayaa kusaina zyizuminano zyamilawo?)
Poopo awisi wacikombelobalaa cilongwe cikasaala cakuti bamwaya milumbe baku National Catholic Reporter bakaamba kuti cilongwe cabo "ncilongwe ciyaa kusyuuka".
(Image: https://www.ncronline.org/news/vatican/pope-francis-and-patriarch-bartholomew-budding-bromance)
Kaanda Kaniini: Poopo Francis wakaswaangana a Ahmed al-Tayeb, musololi mupati wiinda Nguzu zyabu Mozilemu mu Ijipita, ku Al-Azhar. Mbuli bwakaambwa abatola milumbe baku Reuters, mulimo wamuswaangano ooyo wakali wa, “Kuponya bweende bwazintu akataa misyobo yobile yabupaizi eeyi kuzwa nikwakasiidwe kuyanzana myaka yosanwe yakainda.”10
Batola milumbe baku Reuters, bakaambilizya ciindi eeco kwaamba kuti:
Kuzwa naakasalwa mu 2013, Francis wakalomya kuyanzanya misyobo yalusyomo yiimpene ...
"Ooyu mulumbe ngo muswaangano ooyu," mbwaakaambila batola milumbe poopo.11
Ganda Pati: Poopo Francis wakalumbaizyigwa abantu baku Armenia eelyo walo naakasinganya kujayigwa kwabantu baku Armenia, akwaamba kuti ooyu wakali mulandu kubantu boonse, eeco cintu ayalo mfulumende yaku Turkey nciyataazuminide kuti nkujaya bantu. Aaka kaambo kakaambwa kakapegwa bulumbu kuzwa kumuleli waku Armenia alimwi abamwi bamfulumende bakabungana kuti bamuswiilile.12
Batola milumbe baku New York Times bakapa mulumbe wakuti: “Aram Hamparian, mweendelezi wa Nkamu yabantu baku Armenian mucisi ca Amelika, wakapa mulumbe wakwaamba kuti ‘poopo uyumya kumvwana akataa buna kristu mucisi ca Armenia akwiimikila kalaa camba, kwiimikilila mukasimpe abululami.’ ”13
Muciindi cakuswaya eeco, Poopo Francis a Karekin II bakasaina cizuminano.(Nkaambo nzi poopo ncayaa kusaina zizuminano nyika yoonse? Ninzi ncakanzide kucita?) Batola milumbe baku National Catholic Register, bakapa bwiinguzi oobu:
Mukwaambilizya, Poopo Francis a Catholicos Karekin II, bakapa kulumba kuli Leza nkaambo ka “kuswaangana mulusyomo aluyando akataa Cikombelo ca Baapositolo caku Armenia a Cikombelo ca Katolika mubumboni bwabo buswaangene bwa Mulumbe mubotu walufutuko….”14
Kunkumuna Masamu: Poopo Francis wakaswaya cisi ca Poland. Kali kunembo lyamakamu aabantu basika cuulunzuma, aabo bakabungene kusekelela Buzuba bwa Bakubusi Munyika, poopo wakaambila bakubusi kuti batani kutyompwi kuti bantu babasulaika “nkaambo buyo kakuti nywebo musyoma buntu bupya, oobo bukaka kusulaikana akataa bantu, oobo bukaka kubaa lukwaka lwazisi alimwi lukonzya kusekelela muzilengwa zyabo kakwiina kubaa busyaacivwule mwangu nokuba kuceya maanu.”15
Nokuba kuti aaya majwi akali kukulwaizya bantu baku Poland kuti bajalule lukwakwa lwacisi cabo kubantu bakaatulwa muzisi zyokwabo kabazya Kubukuwa kuzwa Akataa Kujwe, pele ooyo mulumbe ulijisi a mulumbe wakukamantana mubupaizi: kubikkila ambali ziimpanya bantu zyakaindi akuswaangana antoomwe mbuli bantu bomwe.
Kasanga Lubwi: Cikombelo ca Evangeli ca Luther ku America (ELCA) cakasaina “Cizuminano cili Munzila”. Aawo mpobazulilwa mumilumbe yamuluwo bacikombelo eeci (ELCA), bakaamba cizuminano eeco kuti, “ncintu ciindene eeco, cilembedwe akuswaanganya bupaizi, cikwelela antoomwe myaka makumi osanwe yakubandika akataa cikombelo ca Luther aba Katolika mukulibambila Ciibalusyo ca Kubambulula kwa Myaanda yosanwe ooko kuzya mu 2017.”16
Mweembezi mupati wa ELCA, Elizabeth Eaton, wakaamba cintu eeco kuti, cakali cintu “ceebeka camusela” alimwi wakalyomya akwaamba kuti bupaizi bwaambwa mucizuminano eeco: “Swebo, ncobeni, tuli munzila kuya kulukamantano.”17 Cikombelo ca Presbyteria acalo cakapa mulomo wakuti: “Munsaa kusikila myaanda yosanwe yamyaka kuzwa Martin Luther naakagagaila makani aakwe aali makumi fuka awosanwe amulyango Wangazi ya Cikombelo, cikombelo cipati ca Luther ku Amelika cakazumizya kulanganya kuti ‘Kucinyina zintu zyaandaanya cikombelo’ a Cikombelo ca Katolika caku Loma.”18
Makani aakuswaanganya Zikombelo
Kuzwidilila kwa poopo mukukulwaizya lukamantano mubupaizi kulakonzya kubonwa muli ceeco caacitika ku Washington, D.C., mu Kunkumuna Masamu 16, 2016. Eeco cintu cakali kusekelelwa cakalaa mutwe wakuti “Antoomwe 2016” alimwi cakaanzwa abambungano ya RESET. “Makanze aabo akali? Kuswaanganya basyomi boonse mumusela uuno mbuli Cikombelo comwe cakatumwa kutola jwi lyokwa Leza kunyika yoonse.”19
Nick Hall, ooyo wakali kumbele kubambilila kusekelela ooku, wakati: “Kuti Bulemu Bwakwe inga bwasala kubandika mubuzuba buno bweebeka bwamusela ncizuminano cakufwambaana alimwi ciyandika kubatobeli bokwa Jeesu kuti baswaangane mumipailo yakupailila cisi sesu anyika yesu. Swebo tulibatamene akulelekwa nkaambo kakuti walo wakatusangana alimwi uliyandisyide kwaabila mulumbe wakwe kuli baabo bayoobungana Antoomwe mu 2016.”20
Chris McQuirk, wacipekupeku ca Filimu lya JEESU, wakati:“Kwakali bantu banji bakajatikene mukusekelela ooku. Milimo minjaanji yakaswaangana antoomwe kuzwa muzikombelo zinjaanji ziindene, Bakatolika aBasikukazya abalo, abakambausi bakaliko abaimbi.”21
Mbungano ya RESET yakatalikila mu 2012. Yakatalikwa mbuli “kakamu kabasyomi bazwa mubweende bwaandeene, kabaabana muzeezo wa ‘kwiinduluka kutalika alimwi’ mumiswaangano aimwi. Balo bakali kulaizyidwe amuzeezo wa ‘kutalika alimwi’, ooyo uumwaya kulubila koonse kwakaindi akubikka zyoonse kuti zyeende kabotu kazyeendelana.”22
Eeci ncintu cimvwikaanga ncibotu. Nguni uunga wayanda kutola lubazu mukusekelela kwamusyobo ooyu? Nokuba boobo kulangisya munsimunsi, inga cayubununa makanze aasiya mbi aasisidwe. Ooku kusekelela kwakatola busena kumbelaa Cibumbwa caku Washington, cibumbidwe muciimo ca sumo alimwi ciinda kulampa munyika yazibumbwa zyoonse zyamusyobo ooyo. Eeci cakali cintu cilaa makani. Zibumbwa zyamusyobo ooyo zyakali kwiiminina leza mutuni Osiris.
Cimwi citondezyo cakali kulibonya mukusekelela koonse ooku kwa Antoomwe 2016 cakali ceeco ciitwa kuti ‘ouroboros’ naa inzoka iilizingaide kiimena mucila wayo mukanwa lyayo. Eeco citondezyo cakasalidwe kwiiminina kubungana kwabana Kristu, tacili cintu ceelela pe.
Nokuba boobo, eelyo zitondezyo nozizyibidwe ncoziiminina, kaambo keni kali kunzaa kusala citondezyo eeco kayubununa ntenda iisisidwe. Citondezyo ca nzoka iimena mucila wayo cakali citondezyo cabulozi. Mbweenya mbuli cibumbwa cibumbidwe aanga ndisumo, acalo ncitondezyo canzoka iimena mucila wayo cakaswaangene aleza mutuni Osiris. Caambilizya kumana kwamusela. Balozi basyoma kuti misela ilamana acintu cipati nocacitika ‘kwiinduluka kutalika alimwi’ ciindi cipya mumusela mupya. ‘Kwiinduluka kutalika alimwi’ ncecaambwa mumbungano ya RESET eeco nciyakali kukanza kuzyibya bantu mukusekelela kwa muswaangano wa Antoomwe 2016.
Kuswaanganya citondezyo canzoka iimena mucila wayo acibumbwa cili mbuli sumo, eezyo nzintu zilangilwa kuboola akuzyookkalilila mu Tempele lipya kumatalikilo aamusela mupya. Ooyu ngo ‘musela mupya’ poopo ngwabelekela alimwi ngwaswaanganya zikombelo abupaizi bwiimpene. Eeci citondezya kuti, lino lino poopo uyoosumpulwa akutola cuuno cabusololi mubupaizi bupya atalaa nyika yoonse. Mubwini, ibbala lya “omwe” lilabelesyegwa kanjaanji mukusekelela koonse ooko kwakainda, muziimbo amumilumbe yakapedwe amuzipekupeku zya Poopo. Makanze aakwe aakuswaanganya bupaizi bwanyika yoonse, ayaa kuzyala micelo akuzwidilila.
Mulimo ngwacita Poopo Francis
Kuyungizya atalaa kuswaya basololi babupaizi bwiindene, Poopo Francis wakatamba ba Mozilemu kuti baboole kuzikombelo zya Bukatolika akusangana ambabo kukombela antoomwe. Nokuba kuti eeco cilibonyaanga ncintu citaluleme, makanze eeni taali aakusandula bantu. Pele, walo ukanza kutamba ba Mozilemu kuti baboole muzikombelo zya Bakatolika kuzyokomba leza wabo Allah! Mulimo wacintu eeco ngwa kuswaanganya bana Kristu aba Mozilemu kukombela antoomwe.
Poopo tageme kuyanda kusandula baabo batali Bakatolika kuzya ku Bukatolika pe. Kuti naali kusola kucita cintu eeco, bantu nibakamumwaika kaindi. Beembezi, bamayi aba imamu nibakacenjezya batobeli babo kuti bacenjelele makanze ookwa poopo. Kunze lyaboobo, walo makanze aakwe alaa busongo. Uyanda kuswaanganya lusyomo lwabana ba Abrahamu babupaizi bwiindene mucivwuka comwe ca leza omwe. Eeci ncecimupa kuti abe mubusena bubotu bwakuti akkale acuuno cakusololela nyika yoonse mbuli musololi wabupaizi eelyo nyika yaakunjila muntenda yakulwanwa ziseese zizwa kulaale mumweembo wa Maawe mutaanzi.
Ninzi Francis ncacita alimwi ucicitila nzi eeco? Bwiinguzi buubauba mbwakuti, poopo ulibambila kuba musololi wabupaizi bupya, buswaanganya nyika yoonse. Kunyina poopo uukonzya kusumpulwa acuuno eeco, pele buyo kuyaa kumwantauka atalaa mitwe yazikombelo zinjaanji zyaanyika. Walo weelede kutaanguna kulitondezya atalaa nyika kuti nguukonzya kuswaanganya bupaizi boonse atalaa nyika kataninga pegwa cuuno cabusololi eeco.
Kutandila kwa poopo mukumvwanya bupaizi bwalusyomo lwabana ba Abrahamu, ncintu ciyandika kutegwa akonzye kusumpulwa kuya mujulu. Zishinshimi zyokwa Daniele mucaandaano cakkumi acimwi akkumi acabili, zyakazuzikwa kusikila bbala lili lyoonse. Inyika yakanjila “muciindi camamanino” kuzwa mu 1798 akutalika kupenga “ciindi camapenzi” kuzwa mu 1922.
Ootu twaambo tuyubununa kuti ŋanda yakazekeleo ilaafwi kujalwa onoono. Kacitaninga sika ciindi eeco, myeembo iili ciloba ya Ciyubunuzyo 8 a 9 iyoolizyigwa, akwaambilizya kunyika yoonse kuti mamanino alaafwi kusika. Mumweembo wasanu, alimwi ngweenya ooyu uuzyibidwe kuti ngu Maawe mutaanzi, basangu azyeelo balibonyaanga nziseese zizwa mumulengalenga bayoolibonya akulwana nyika. Uyooba muzeezo ulaa maanu eeco ciindi, kukumbila Poopo Francis kuti ayiminine nyika akuzekela bantu kumadaimona aayo aalibonya mbuli “ziseese”. Kwiinda mukutondezya kuti tasali muntu alimwi ulatambula boonse kakwiina kubasinsa ncobacita, kuzwa kuli baabo balyana nkwela abasankwanyina nokuba bamakaintu abamakaintunyina, walo uyooba muntu wamaanu wakusalwa kuti alete cizuminano caluumuno akataa madaimona aayo aakonga kunyonyoona buumi boonse bulaa nyika.
Ntaamu yamamanino yakusumpula muntu wacibi, iyooba yakumusumpula kuti abe weendelezya bupaizi bupya bwanyika yoonse. Oonse aayo makanze ookwa Saatani aalucengo lwamamanino eelyo nayoolibonya, akulipeekezya kuba Yahushua. Nokuba boobo, muzeezo wakuti poopo nguuyelela kusalwa kuti ayiminine nyika weelede kusyangwa mumizeezo yabantu cino ciindi. Micito yakwe yakuswaanganya lusyomo lwaanyika loonse antoomwe, akutambula kufumbwa citaluleme, ngomulimo ngwaujisi kucita cino ciindi alimwi ulizwidilide kuyaa kutambulwa koonse koonse! Madaimona aalo alaafwi kulibonya. Zyoonse eezyi nzintu zyeelede kucitika kutegwa poopo abe uuyandwa kapati mumizeezo yabantu akuti nguuyelela kwiiminina nyika yoonse. Eeco ncecintu cicitika cino ciindi.
Lino nceciindi cakulibambila. Lino nceciindi cakulomya kuvwiila lwiito lwako akucita mulimo wako. Kulwanwa madaimona kuyootobelwa akusumpula poopo kuti ngomusololi wabupaizi bwaanyika, aayo ngamakanze ookwa Saatani ngaakali kulangila kwazyuulu zyamyaka. Lino kalaa muntu wakumugwasya kulela bupaizi boonse, Saatani uyootonkaizya poopo kuti asinikizye nyika yoonse kutobela buzuba bwakukomba butaluleme.
Ciyooba cintu cilaa maanu kuti bantu boonse bakaswaangane akutalika kupailila mubuzuba bomwe. Kunyina uciyooyanda kupiluka kubujayi oobo bwakaletedwe “amadaimona aakoya ziseese” eelyo poopo naatakaninga bamba cizuminano angayo. Kuya kwaambwa kuti kuswaanganya bupaizi boonse atalaa nyika mubuzuba bomwe ngomuulo uukonzya kuleta luumuno. Ooku kuswaangana kwabupaizi, mbokuti kaambwe, nkokweetela “bunkutwe kuzwa mukugwalangana.”
Kucili zintu zingaye buyo ziciceede kutola busena alimwi kufumbwa ciceede ciyoocitika cakubinda. Kufumbwa caakutalika kucitika, kunoonyina kuyozya kusikila kumamanino. Ncobeni kuyoobula ciindi cakulibambila ciindi eeco. Lino, eelyo mumuni uucaalizya waluzyalo nuucileelaleela atalaa nyika, lino nceciindi cako cibotu cakuti waabe moyo wako ku Mufutuli. Kojatilila mu zisyomyo Zyakwe kwiinda mulusyomo. Koleka “kukonzyana azintu zyaanyika: pele kolisandula kwiinda mukuyakulula muzeezo wako, kutegwa webo uzyibe cintu cibotu, alimwi citambulika, alimwi ciluleme, caluyando lokwa Yahuwah.” (BaLoma 12:2, KJV)
Kunyina ciindi cakusobanya ono. Pele utayoowi. Yahuwah takajali ŋanda yakazekelo kusikila muntu woonse akabaa ciindi cakulisalila.
Ninzi ncotunga twaamba azintu eezyo? Kuti Yahuwah kali kulubazu lwesu, nguni uunga watulwana swebo? Walo ooyo watakalesya Mwanaakwe musankwa, pele wakamufutulila ndiswe toonse, mbubuti mbwanga kwiinda muli nguwe takonzyi kutupa zintu zyoonse kakwiina muulo?
Nguni unga watwaandaanya kuzwa kuluyando lwa Kristu? Hena inga mapenzi, nanka manyongwe, naa kutundululwa, naa nzala, naa mantanda, naa ntenda, naa cceba?
Nee, muli zyeezyi zyoonse swebo tuli bakomi kwiinda muli nguwe wakatuyanda. Nkaambo Ime ndilikulaizidwe kuti, kutali lufu, nokuba buumi, nanka bangele, nanka nguzu zyaansi, nanka baleli, nanka zintu ziliko cino ciindi, nokuba zintu ziciboola, nokuba bulamfu buli buti, nokuba bufwaafwi, nokuba cinyama cili coonse, inga cakonzya kutwaandaanya kuzwa kuluyando lwa Yahuwah, oolo luli muli Yahushua Kristu Simalelo wesu. (BaLoma 8:31-32, 35, 37-39, KJV)
Cibeela cako cilazya kakwiina kulelema. Kotambula lufutuko lwako lwakasyomezyegwa sunu kwiinda mulusyomo. Mpoonya kopona kolaa lusyomo mu Munununi wako.
Kucinyina ciindi cinji ciceede.
Kolisalila buno buzuba!
1 Kaambo kamwaigwa mumilumbe kalembuludwe http://www.breakingisraelnews.com/73887/jerusalem-interfaith-event-bring-together-leaders-abrahamic-faiths/#3fZkVJxH3orMRt1q.97.
2 Ibid.
3 Noah Webster, American Dictionary of the English Language, 1828.
4 http://www.breakingisraelnews.com/70931/muslim-christian-jewish-leaders-plan-interfaith-worship-center-jerusalem/#Yu5Qy5omAfvzCbC6.97
5 Ibid.
6 http://www.jewishpress.com/news/religion/pope-francis-visits-romes-main-synagogue/2016/01/18/
7 Joint Declaration of Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia, http://en.radiovaticana.va/news/2016/02/12/joint_declaration_of_pope_francis_and_patriarch_kirill/1208117.
8 http://www.foxnews.com/world/2016/04/13/with-migrant-mission-to-greece-pope-cements-orthodox-ties.html
9 http://www.catholicworldreport.com/Blog/3544/pope_francis_and_the_ecumenical_patriarch_bartholomew_i_sign_joint_declaration_full_text.aspx.
10 http://www.reuters.com/video/2016/05/23/pope-meets-top-egypt-cleric-ending-freez?videoId=368615253
11 https://uk.news.yahoo.com/pope-meets-top-egyptian-cleric-ending-five-freeze-151205023.html.
12 http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/world/asia/pope-francis-condemns-genocide-of-armenians-before-visit-to-memorial.html?_r=1
13 Ibid.
14 http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/pope-francis-and-catholicos-karekin-ii-sign-joint-declaration-on-family-uni/.
15 http://www.nytimes.com/video/world/europe/100000004561561/pope-francis-addresses-world-youth.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FFrancis&action=click&contentCollection=timestopics®ion=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=5&pgtype=collection
16 http://www.elca.org/Declaration-on-the-Way.
17 https://pres-outlook.org/2016/08/u-s-lutherans-approve-document-recognizing-agreement-catholic-church/.
18 https://pres-outlook.org/2016/08/u-s-lutherans-approve-document-recognizing-agreement-catholic-church/.
19 https://www.mnnonline.org/news/together-2016-unites-millennials-spiritual-reset/
20 http://theolivebranchreport.com/together-2016-a-mega-ecumenical-gathering/.
21 https://www.mnnonline.org/news/together-2016-unites-millennials-spiritual-reset/
22 Ibid.


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Kulibambila ku Ntenda Yakavwumbu: Mulimo wa MunaKristu
Hena yebo ulilibambide ku mazuba aazya kumbele na? Mwati yebo kulaa ncozyi cini ncoyelede kulibambila?
Kakwiina kudonaika, swebo tupona mumazuba aamamanino mumusela wanyika iino. Myaka misyoonto yainda, kufumbwa muntu wakatii sole kukambauka kuti mamanino aanyika aswena, ooyo muntu wakali kunongwa, kufubaazyigwa akutandilwa kulaale. Pele sunu, nokuba boobo, nkaambo kazintu ziyaakucitika munyika mazubaano, bantu boonse kufumbwa nkobakkala bayaakusinsimuka akubbatula meso kulangisya mbozilemede zintu zicitika ciindi ncotupona cino.
Kwiibaluka kuti mamanino asika, ncintu ciletelezya kwiimpana akataa bantu basyoma. Lino luzyibo lwakuti mamanino aanyika ali munsimunsi mbolumwaikide akataa bantu, mulimo nzi wini wa Muna-Kristu?
Masimpe eeni ngakuti, zintu ziyandika kapati nzyoyelede kulibambila nzintu zya moza. Eeci ncintu ncayelede kulibambila muntu omwe-omwe. Kunyina muntu pe uutikafutulwe kayaamide mucilongwe ca muntunyina umwi a Taata wa Kujulu. Pele ino mbuti kayi kulibambila tubbeesu twako akutuvwungaila? Bamwi bana-Kristu baliyoowede kuti kukwabilila lubono lwako nkulitondezya bukandu akubula lusyomo muli Yahuwah kuti nguukonzya kukupa ncobulide.
Masimpe eeni ngakuti, kulibambilila twako mumazuba aazya kumbele, aayo nga malailile aa Bbaibbele ncobeni. Takuli kubula lusyomo mu Mwami Yahuwah pe. Kunze lyaboobo, tumpango tunjaanji mu Mangwalo tuyiisya buyo cintu cipati ncokuyandika kupona kojisi lusyomo kwiinda mukulibambila zintu ziyookugwasya!
Solomoni wakaamba kuti:
“Muntu uucenjede naabona mapenzi, ulayuba, pele mufuba-fuba uliingene kuya nkukwenya ooko, nkabela ulasubulwa (Tusimpi 22:3, NKJV)
BaHebulayo 11 bapede Nowah kuti ngomukonzyanyo wa lusyomo.
“Kwiinda mulusyomo, Noah wakaswiilila kucenjezya kwa Yahuwah kwaamba zintu zyakacili kuboola nzyaatakali kukonzya kubona. Wakayaka bwato kuti walo amukwasyi wakwe bafutulwe. Mukucita boobo Noah wakazula baansi alimwi wakakona bululami Yahuwah mbwapa baabo bamusyoma.” (BaHebulayo 11:7, NKJV)
Yahuwah naakavwuna Noah amukwasyi wakwe kuzwa ku zambangulwe lya meenda. Walo wakalijisi ncobeni nguzu zyakucita boobo! Nokuba boobo, Noah wakeelede kuteelela kulaigwa. Yahuwah wakamucenjezya, pele cakali mumaanza ookwa Noah kuti ateelele akutobela ncaakacenjezyegwa.
Josefa, awalo mbweenya buyo, wakalibambila kuti atakafwi nzala mu myaka iili ciloba ya cimpayuma. Mumyaka nikwakali butebuzi bwakulya kalilekele, walo wakapa malailile kuti kuyakwe matala aakuyobweda maila aakulya mu cimpayuma ciyootobela waawo. Yahuwah wakali kukonzya kutumina manna kuti abalandusye batafwi nzala ya cimpayuma. Alimwi Walo wakalaa nguzu ncobeni zyakucita cintu eeco!
Pele tabusyi pe oobo mbwacita milimo Yakwe pe.
Yahuwah ulapa kucenjezya. Cili kuli ndiswe kuti tuteelele malailile Aakwe. Kwiinda mukutobela malailile ngapede akulibambila kweendelana amalailile aayo, iswe inga twapona maumi eesu kaayendelana alusyomo lwesu mu Jwi lyokwa Yahuwah. Mangwalo alipede kucenjezya kwamazuba aacizya kumbele. Eezi zishinshimi ziyubununa kuti kuli ciindi ciciboola eelyo boonse bakaka kutambula caando ca munyama nobayokwiimwa zintu akulesyegwa kuula a kuuzya.
Pele masimpe ncobeni kuti Yahuwah ulaa nguzu zyakuvwuna bantu Bakwe muciindi camanyongwe. Nokuba boobo, twaano twa Mangwalo tuyubununa kuti basyomi tabeelede kukkala kabaliibide pe, mpoonya kabalindizya Mwami Yahuwah kuti abacitile zyoonse.
Yahuwah ulabeleka antoomwe abantu Bakwe kwiinda mukuleleka milimo njobacita nobalibambila, pele muntu omwe-omwe weelede kucita kufumbwa ncayelede kulibambila. Kutaanguna, yebo weelede kukumbila bulemu bwa kujulu kuti bukusolwede. Kopaila abuzuba kugaminina cintu ncoyanda. Mipailo iigaminina ncobulide, ilaingulwa akugaminina kukupa cintu eeco ncobulide. Mpoonya kuzwa waawo, kotalika kubungilila makani mbonga walibambila kuya kumbele. Eelyo nocita boobo, yebo uyootondezyegwa ntaamu iitobela njoyelede kutobela. Alimwi akuzwa waawo ntaamu iitobela. Alimwi ayitobela yeeyo.
Lyoonse kufumbwa ntaamu njobweza, yebo weelede kupaila mupailo uugaminina cintu ncobulide, kumwi kobungilila makani woonse aayandika, akweendela mulusyomo. Yahuwah uyoobeleka antoomwe anduwe kukusolweda munzila iitakwe ntenda kuli nduwe. Utalangili kuti uyoosolwedwa munzila njeenya mbuli bamwi njibakasolweda pe.
Kuli kulimvwa kukasaalilwa kweendela antoomwe abantunyoko, alimwi kanjaanji bantu balayandisya kuteelezya muntunyina umwi kuti abaambile naa eeco ncobacita cililuleme kwiinda mukulisanganya akataa bantu bacita (nokuba basyoma) mbuli nguwe muntu ooyo.
Nokuba boobo, ooku inga kwaba kucegwa mukooze. Tubunga twabantu banji tulalangisyigwa abantu banjaanji. Bantu bokwa Yahuwah bakalaigwa kuti beelede kuba basimweendaalikke alimwi bantu banji inga bafutuka kuzwa ku ntenda eelyo nobatanteene. Bantu bakkede aawa, abamwi kabakkede kutala lyookuya kabaliibide inga tiibaliletela tunjaanji.
Muntu woonse uyandika kubaa bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah bumugaminide lwakwe nkaambo muntu omwe-omwe ulaa buumi bwaandeene azintu ziimpene nzyayanda. Cisi comwe-comwe ciliimpene, mbweenya mbuli ziindi zyamwaka amilawo yacisi. Mukwasyi omwe-omwe, amuntu omwe-omwe ulaa zintu zimugaminide nzyayanda lwakwe, eezyo ziyandika kweendelezyegwa mubulemu bwa kujulu.
Kanjaanji bantu balayanda kumvwana abantunyina balibambila zintu zya mazuba aacizya kumbele. Alimwi aawa bayeeyela kuti kunyina ntenda kubungana abantunyina banjaanji boobo. Balo bayandisya muntu uubawumbulizya alimwi uujisi mizeezo mbuli mbabo.
Kunyina cintu cilubide mukucita boobo pe, pele lyoonse yebo weelede kwiibaluka kuti lufutuko lwako luli muli Yahuwah. Ibbuku lya Tusimpi lyaamba kuti: “Bbiza lilibambilidwe ku buzuba bwankondo, pele Mwami Yahuwah nguupa kuzunda (Tusimpi 21:31)
Kukamantana abantunyoko bamwi, ncintu ceelede kucitwa buyo kuti waswiilizya jwi limvwika ncobeni lizwa kuli Yahuwah kuti ooko nkokuyanda Kwakwe. Kabunga kabantu, kalaa nguzu buyo zyakwiimikila nji kweendelanya anguzu zya bantu batakwe nguzu basangene mukabunga aako. Yebo weelede kukamantana abantunyoko bamwi lilikke buyo eelyo Yahuwah nakusolweda akukulaya kuti aabo bantu inga bakugwasya, balasyomeka alimwi tabakwe ntenda.
Yahuwah alikke nguuzyi mazuba aacizya kumbele; alikke nguuzyi ooyo uuyoozumanana kusyomeka kuli Nguwe mumazuba aazya kumbele. Kufumbwa muntu ulakonzya kwaamba kuti, “Ime ndicembeede kale; Ime nsyecikwe nguzu; Ime ndimucete, ncinzi ncenga ndalibambila.” Yebo koyibaluka kuti, tociti cintu eeco kwiinda munguzu zyako omwini pe. Yahuwah nguubelekela antoomwe anduwe, pele yebo weelede kucita cibeela cako kwiinda mukupona kolitondezya lusyomo ndojisi.
Jemusi waamba kuti: “Ino cigwasya nzi kuti muntu kati ulijisi lusyomo, pele kakunyina ancacita andulo? Sena lusyomo lwakwe lulakonzya kumufutula na? Atwaambe, kuti mukwesu naa mucizyi ngotusyoma limwi wabula zyakusama azilyo, kwamana umwi wanu wati, “Koya muluumuno, ujane ngubo zyakulivwumba azilyo,” kali taamupa zintu zyeelede mubili, ino cigwasya nzi eeco? Mbubonya oobo alwalo lusyomo lutajisi milimo, lulifwide. Ambweni inga umwi ulati, “Yebo ulijisi lusyomo, mebo ndijisi milimo mibotu.” Ime inga ndati, “Nditondezye lusyomo lwako lutajisi milimo mibotu, ambebo amilimo yangu ndilakutondezya lusyomo ndwejisi.” (Jemusi 2:14-18, NKJV)
Kucinyina ciindi cilamfu cakubambulula zintu zilubide. Kuti yebo ulyaabe cakumaninina kuli Taata, kuti yebo ukakatile kutobela bweendelezi Bwakwe muzintu zyoonse, Walo uyookusolweda yebo amukwasyi wako munzila iitakwe ntenda yakweendela.
Utalelemi! Kotalika ono so! Kunyina ciindi cinjaanji ciceede pe! Ikuti ulindizye kusikila milumbe ikaambilizye ntenda ya manyongwe, yebo ulimukide mukwesu.

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(1) Ninzi ncolyaamba Bbaibbele citondezya Mwaka Mupya?
Mu Kulonga 12, Yahuwah ulailila Muusa kuti:
“Ooyu Mwezi uyooba ngomwezi wanu mutaanzi kumyezi yoonse: uyooba ngomwezi mutaanzi mumwaka kuli ndinywe” (Kulonga 12:2, KJV)
Mubwini, tulizyi kuti eeci caali ciindi munsimunsi akweelana mazuba amasiku nokuba lisyuuka masamu 1, pele ino mbubuti Muusa mbwaakali kunga waandaanya “mwezi mutaanzi” mumyaka iicizya? Mbubuti mbwaakali kunga wazyiba kuti lino mwaka uyanda kutalika bupya? Hena wakeelede kuyaamika Mwaka Mupya azintu zimena kuzwa mubulongo (mbuli maila), naa wakeelede kulanga zili kujulu? Bbuku lya Matalikilo lilijisi kwiingula:
“Lino Elohimu wakati, “Akube mimuni mumweenya wakujulu uuvungumene kuti yaandaanye sikati kuzwa kumasiku, akuba zitondezyo, aziindi zyamazuba aabikkidwe ambali, amazuba aziindi zyamwaka. Mimuni eeyo ikkale mujulu akumunikila nyika.' Mpoonya kwakaba mbubonya oobo.” (Matalikilo 1:14-15, ISR 2)
Matalikilo 1:14 alasalazya mumulaka muubauba kuti zilengwa leza zyamumweenya wajulu zyakalengelwa kuba “zitondezyo zyaziindi zibikkidwe ambali, amazuba a myaka.”Kwiinanokwaambwa zintu zimena kuzwa mubulongo mucibalo eeci pe. Kunyina pe mu Mangwalo mpocaamba kuti matalikilo aamwaka ayelede kujanwa mukulangilizya maila. Kweezyeezya kuti Mwaka Mupya ujanwa kwiinda mukutobezya libizwa maila, eelyo kakuli Mangwalo alaamba cakutajokolosya kuti zilengwa leza zyamumweenya wajulu zyeelede kuba nzyezipima mwaka, ooku nkuyungizya ataala Jwi lya Yahuwah.
“Utakayungizyi kujwi eelyo Ime ndekulailila nokuba kugwisya kuli ndilyo kutegwa webo ubambe milawo yokwa Yahuwah Eloah wako ooyo Ime ngwekulailila webo.” (Amulange Ciibalusyo 4:2.)
“Kufumbwa Ime ncekulailila webo, langisya kuti ucicite; webo utakayungizyi nokuba kugwisya kuli ndilyo.” (Amulange Ciibalusyo 12:32.)
“Kufumbwa jwi lya Eloah lilasalala: Walo nintobo yabaabo babikka lusyomo lwabo muli Nguwe. Utayungizyi webo kumajwi Aakwe, inga Walo kayoo kukalalila, alimwi webo wajanwa kuti ulimubesi.” (Amulange Tusimpi 30:5-6.)
Zilengwa zilaa mpuwo ziluulwa, eelyo noziyiisya kubizwa kwamaila aaku Palesitini kuti ncecitondezya Mwaka Mupya, ooku kweezyeezya takuyeeme acibalo ca Mangwalo nociba cili buti pe. (Kuyungizya ali ncobayeeya kuti “mulawo wamaila” ncuutakonzyi kupima aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya, amulange cibalo cilaansi aawa, camutwe “ Twaambo Tunjaanji Mukubelesya 'Kutebula Maila kwa Mulawo wa Muusa.'”)
Lino mbotwajanina aakutalikila kubala alimwi kuti zilengwa leza zyamumweenya nzyezipima myaka, mubuzyo ngwakuti “Ninzi citola busena mujulu eeco citupa kuti tuzyibe kuti lino Mupeyo wainda alimwi Mwaka Mupya ulakonzya kutalika?” Nzila iiyandika kapati eeyo iitutola kucitondezyo eeco ilakonzya kujanwa mu Kulonga 34.
“Pobwe lyabutebuzi mukalibambe, mwaakutebula zilyo zitaanzi zyamaila, alimwi apobwe lyakutebula micelo mukalibambe kumamanino amwaka [H8622]. “ (Kulonga 34:22, KJV)
Lino, atulange bbala lyaci Hebulayo, lisanduludwe kuti “kumamanino.”
H8622 (tekufah) - “kuzunguluka, kuzinguluka kwaciindi nokuba mweenya, kucenguluka, nzila yakuzinguluka” (Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Dictionary)
Nokuba kuti tacilibonyi mpeenya eeco caambwa muBbaibbele lya KJV, ibbala lyakasandululwa aawa kuti “kumamanino” [Strong's H8622] lyaamba ciindi camwaka lyeelene mazuba amasiku naakunkumuna matuvwu masamu akataa mwaka. Eeci ncecaambwa mukaambo kakuti Pobwe lya Kubungana, eelyo lwaambwa kuti “Pobwe lya Mavwuka” a “Pobwe lya Zivwuka,” litola busena mumwezi wa Ciloba (Bapaizi 23:34)- akataa mwaka, kutali kumamanino aamwaka pe.
Ibbuku lya Encyclopedia Judaica lilazuminana abupanduluzi oobu.
“Mbuli mbokwaambidwe, zibeela zyamwaka wabu Juuda zyone ziitwa kuti tekufot [mubunji ziitwa kuti tekufah; H8622]. Mubwini, matalikilo aacibeela comwe comwe camwaka ali zyone eezi, kutobelezya bwaamba banjibanji, kuti ngamatalikilo- aayitwa kuti Tekufah (naakuti “kuzinguluka”, kuzyila kubbala קוף eelyo lisweene alya נקף , “kuzinguluka”), tekufah wamwezi Nisan caamba kuti zuba lilaa cibaka ciitwa kuti (vernal equinoctial point) naa mpaayelana mazuba amasiku, aawo mumwezi wa Tammuz mazuba amasiku naaimpana bulamfu ciindi ca mainza, mumwezi wa Tishri aawo zuba mpolili aciindi ceelena mazuba amasiku, ciindi likunkumuka masamu, alimwi mumwezi wa Tevet liimpana bulamfu mwamazuba amasiku ciindi ca mupeyo.” (Encyclopedia Judaica,Article “Calendar”,p.356)
Bupanduluzi bulaansi aawa bulasalazya eeco caambwa mu Kulonga 34:22.
“Pobwe lyabutebuzi mukandibambile Ime, mwaakutebula zilyo zitaanzi zyamaila, alimwi apobwe lyakutebula micelo mukalibambe akataa mwaka.” (Kulonga 34:22, Brenton's English Septuagint)
“Alimwi nywebo mukalibambe pobwe lya mvwiki, lyamicelo mitaanzi mukutebula maila, apobwe lyakubunganya kumacengulukilo aamwaka.” (Kulonga 34:22, Darby)
Aboobo, twajana zintu zitobela aawa:
- Pobwe lya Kubunganya licengulukila abutebuzi bwa Mwezi wa Ciloba (Bapaizi 23:34).
- Pobwe lya Kubunganya lijatikizya ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku lili akataa mwaka.
Ncintu cilaa maanu kutobezya zilaatala aawa kuti matalikilo aamwaka aswaangene aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku nozisyuuka zimena kuzwa mubulongo, eeci citola myezi ili cisambomwe kakutana sika kweelana mazuba amasiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuna matu. Kuti mapobwe aaciindi likunkumuka masamu kaali akataa mwaka mazuba amasiku kaayelana, nkokuti mapobwe aalisyuuka zimena ansi, eelyo mazuba naayelana amasiku ali kumatalikilo aamwaka.
Ncintu ceelede kubikkilwa maanu aawa kuti Pobwe lya Kubunganya liyeeme cigaminina aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuna matuvwu; aboobo, kutegwa mulazyo wa Bbaibbele utobelwe, Pobwe lya Kubunganya lyeelede kubambwa mubuzuba buli munsaa buzuba bweelana abusiku muciindi cikunkumuka masamu.
(1a) Hena eeci cileendelana akuyandaula aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya kabwiindide buzuba lyeelana buzuba abusiku (vernal equinox)?
Nee, kutali lyoonse pe. Zimwi ziindi kubelesya nzila eeyi, Ipobwe lya Kubunganya inga lyabeda munsa lyeelana buzuba abusiku muciindi cikunkumuka masamu. Zimwi ziindi, nokuba boobo, Ipobwe lya Kubunganya inga lyamuka kusika kwa mvwiki zyosanwe kabwiindide buzuba bweelana abusiku! (eeci inga ciyooba ncecitola busena mu 2015, kuti nzila eeyi niyali njiyo iibelesyegwa.)
(1b) Hena eeci cileendelana akujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya wiinda kuba munsaa lyeelana mazuba amasiku?
Inzya, lyoonse mbombubo. Kubelesya nzila eeyi, Pobwe lya Kutebula inga lyoonse kalili munsimunsi nokuba aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku liya masamu naakunkumuna matu. Eeli Pobwe inga lyasika kufwamba akataa mazuba aali ciloba akkumi kacitana sika ciindi eeco. Alimwi inga lyamuka kusika kwa mvwiki zyotatwe kaciindide ciindi eeco. (Ooku nkweezyeka kupima; pele tatunajene ciindi eelyo Pobwe nilyakasika mvwiki zyotatwe kaciindide ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku, notubelesya nzila eeyi.)
Kukosozya kaambo:
Alikke aawo aapedwe mu Mangwalo aagantilwa Mwaka Mupya cabululeme, mpaaciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku naakunkumuna matuvwu masamu. Kulonga 34:22 kwaambwa kuti Pobwe lyaButebuzi (mumwezi waciloba uutobezya mwezi uubonwa) lyeelede kusekelelwa aciindi ca tekufah, eeco caamba kuti nciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku naakunkumuka masamu ----. Tacikonzyeki kubamba mulazyo ooyu kuti lyoonse Mwaka Mupya kuujanwa kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uutobela musyule lya ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku eelo masamu naakunkumuka matu----. Kuti twajanya Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya ulii munsi aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku ---- , nokuba boobo, lyoonse inga katweendelana amulazyo wa Bbaibbele. Pele tatulekeli waawa buyo...
(2) Ninzi balembi bamusela mutaanzi kuzwa ciindi ca Kristu ncobanga batwaambila amakani aa Mwaka Mupya?
Philo, Mwiiyi waci Giliki Mujuuda, ooyo wakapona katanazyalwa Kristu, muciindi ca Kristu, alimwi kamanide mulimo wakwe Kristu, wakalemba zinjaanji zijatikizya kkalenda lya Bbaibbele mumusela mutaanzi kaaindide Kristu. Muzilembedwe zyakwe ansi aawa, Philo ulazumina kuti Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena lijatene aciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku --- alimwi Pobwe lya Butebuzi, lijatene aciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku liya masamu naakunkumuka.
“Muciindi citaanzi izina ndyaakapa ciindi lisyuuka masamu akweelana mazuba amasiku, Walo wakabamba pobwe lyacinkwa citakwe bumena eelyo lyeelede kusekelelwa kwamazuba aali ciloba, zyoonse eezyi nzyaakabikka, zyeelede kuti zilemekezyegwe mupobwe eelyo. Nkaambo Walo wakalailila kuti zipaizyo zili kkumi abuzuba, zyeelede kupegwa mubuzuba bwa mwezi mupya, zipaizyo zyakuumpa antoomwe zyisikila makumi ali ciloba kugwisyila zyipaizyo zyakuumpila zinyonyoono. Walo wakalanganya kuti, mazuba aali ciloba aapobwe eelede kweendelana a ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku eeco cisikila mumwezi wa ciloba mbweenya mbuli mwezi uubonwa mbuweendelana amwezi uubalwa.” (Philo, Special Laws I (181- 182) [Colson's Translation]) [Amubikkile maanu aawa: Philo, aawa waamba kuti ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku muciindi likunkumuka masamu cisikila mumwezi waciloba, mbweenya aMangwalo mbwaatondezya- Kulonga 34:22.]
“mweelwe waciloba ulapa mapobwe mapati aatola mazuba manji, mapobwe obile, aasikila muziindi zyobile lyeelana mazuba amasiku, lyomwe lyomwe, litola mazuba aali ciloba, litaanzi muciindi lisyuuka masamu kuti kusekelelwe kubizwa kwazisyango, lyabili mucilimo nokubunganyigwa micelo yoonse...” (Philo, The Decalogue (161) [Colson's Translation])
“...nkaambo lyakali pobwe lyaba Juuda muciindi ceelena mazuba amasiku cilimo, eelyo nocili cilengwa caba Juuda kukkalila mumavwuka.” (Philo, Flaccus XIV (116) [Yonge's Translation]) {Amulangisye aawa: eeci caambwa waawa caamba Pobwe lyaButebuzi, ndeenya liitwa kuti “Pobwe lya Mavwuka” naa “Pobwe lya Zivwuka,” oomo bana Isilayeli “mobaali kukkalila kwamazuba aali ciloba.” Amulange Bapaizi 23:39-42.]
Flavius Josephus, sicikolo mu Juuda waku Loma mumusela mutaanzi kaindide Kristu, upa mumuni munji kukaambo aaka akuyumya kuteelela kwesu. Josephus upa bupanduluzi kwaamba aayimvwi zuba kweendelana anyenyezi muciindi ca Pasika.
“Mumwezi wa Xanthicus, ooyo ngwotwiita kuti Nisan, uutalisya mwaka wesu, mubuzuba bwakkumi awone mwamwezi uutobezya mwezi uulibonya ameso, eelyo zuba nolili mucibaka ca nyenyezi ziitwa kuti Aries, (nkaambo ooyu ngomwezi iswe nitwaavwunwa kuzwa mubuzike buna Ijipita), mulawo wakali wakuti, iswe lyoonse amwaka tweelede kujaya cipaizyo, eeco Ime ncindaamwaambide kuti twaajaya liya nitwaazwa ku Ijipita, alimwi caali kwiitwa kuti Pasika naa Mulalilo...” (Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book III, Chapter 10, paragraph 5, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/complete.ii.iv.x.html)
Katutana amba cintu cijatikizya ncaamba aawa Josephus, kweelede kuteelelwa citobela: Nkaambo ka kuyaa bukwazamuka kwamulengalenga, kweenda kwazuba kweendelanya anyenyezi takucili ,mbukwaali mumazuba aa Josephus. Mumusela mutaanzi kaindide Kristu, ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku nicaali kutola busena eelyo zuba nilyaali kusika acibeela aali nyenyezi zya Aries (naa Mugutu). Sunu nokuba boobo, eeci ciindi cicitikila leelyo zuba nolili mubbazu lyanyenyezi zyiitwa kuti Pisces.
Atala aawa: Ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku mumwaka wa 31AD – amubikkile maanu kuti nyenyezi zya Aries zyili munsaa nzila yiinda zuba kutobela ciindi eeco.
Atala aawa: Ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku mumwaka 2013 AD- amubikkile maanu kuti sunu, nyenyezi zya Aries tazyicili munsaa nzila yiinda zuba kutobela ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku. Nyenyezi zya Aries zyakaatuka nkaambo kakukwazamuka kwa mulengalenga.
Nokubakuti tatukonzyi kubelesya nyenyezi eezyi mazubaano mbuli mbubaali kucita mumusela mutaanzi kuti bajane aatalikilwa mwaka, tulakonzya kubona ncobeni mbubaali kujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku.
Atulange ncaakaamba Josephus alimwi:
“Mumwezi wa Xanthicus, ooyo ngwotwiita kuti Nisan, uutalisya mwaka wesu, mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane mwamwezi uutobezya mwezi uulibonya, eelyo zuba nolili abbazu lya nyenyezi ziitwa kuti Aries, (nkaambo ooyu ngomwezi iswe nitwaavwunwa kuzwa mubuzike buna Ijipita), mulawo wakali wakuti iswe lyoonse amwaka tweelede kujaya cipaizyo, eeco Ime ncindaamwaambide kuti twaajaya liya nitwaazwa ku Ijipita, alimwi caali kwiitwa kuti Pasika naa Mulalilo...” (Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book III, Chapter 10, paragraph 5, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/complete.ii.iv.x.html)
Aawa, Josephus waamba cakusalazya kuti Pasika waali kusekelelwa ciindi eelyo zuba nilyaali mucibaka canyenyezi zya Aries.
(2a) Hena bumboni bwa Josephus buleendelana lyoonse akujana Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide kale ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku--- kuti mpaatalikila mwaka?
Nee, peepe. Kuti mumusela mutaanzi, bakatalikide kale kwaamba kuti Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku weelede kuba aatalikilwa mwaka, Pasika naakali kunga zimwi ziindi wasekelelwa eelyo zuba nolili mubusena bwanyenyezi zya Taurus (kulaale anyenyezi zya Aries). Zimwi ziindi eeyi nzila niyaabikka Pasika mubusena bwa Aries; alimwi zimwi ziindi pe.
Atala aawa: Mwaka wa 31AD -Kujana Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kuti mpaatalikila Mwaka kaciindide ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku nicaabikka Pasika (buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi uulibonya) mucibaka canyenyezi zya Taurus, kulaale a nyenyezi zya Aries. Eeci taceendelani abumboni bwa Josephus kuti zuba lyeelede kuba mubusena bwa nyenyezi zya Aries (mumusela mutaanzi) mubuzuba bwa Pasika. (Amubikkile maanu: eeci cilibonya kunsaa zuba tuusyi mwezi pe; ncizimweemwe camumuni wazuba mbuli mbuuboneka mumuncini uubweza cifwanikiso.)
(2b) Hena bumboni bwa Josephus buleendelana akujana Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku eelyo nozisyuuka zisamu kuti mpaatalikila mwaka?
Inzya mbombubo. Kuti mumusela mutaanzi, Mwezi Mupya ooyo waali munsimunsi kapati a ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku nozisyuuka zisamu, niwaali kubelesyegwa kuti mpaatalikila mwaka, Pasika naakasika eelyo zuba kalili munsaa nyenyezi zya Aries. Kubelesya nzila eeyi inga ceendelana abupanduluzi mbwapa mubumboni bwakwe Josephus.
Atala aawa: 31AD- Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku kumatalikilo aamwaka inga niwaabikka Pasika (buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwa mwezi) mubbazu lya Aries, eeci cileendelana a bumboni bwa Josephus.
Lino atusanyangule cibalo cikondelezya kuzwa mubbuku lya Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History. Eusebius wakali mulembi waba Loma wakapona mumusela wamyaka 260A.D. kusikila mwaka 340 A.D. Mucibalo citobela eeci, walo wiinduluka kwaamba cili mubbuku lya Canons of Anatolius on the Paschal (Passover) Festival
“Pele ooyu tuuli muzeezo wesu, pele nguyooyo waazyibwe abaJuuda bansiku loko, katanasika Kristu awalo, alimwi wakali kubambwa kabotukabotu ambabo. Eeci tucizyibila muli cakaamba Philo, Josephus a Musæus; kutali buyo kuzwa kuli mbabo, pele kuzwa akuli bamwi bansiku lini kwiinda mbabo, Agathobuli 'Masters', a Aristobulus ulaa mpuwo, ooyo waasalidwe akataa basanduluzi ba Mangwalo aasetekene aaci Hebulayo bali makumi ciloba, bakasalwa a Ptolemy Philadelphus awisi wakwe, walo wakalilyaabide cakumaninina kusandulula mabbuku aa Muusa kubami mbeenya. Aaba balembi, kapandulula mibuzyo kujatikizya Kulonga,baamba kuti boonse beelede kupa zipaizyo zya pasika kwainda ciindi ceelene mazuba amasiku, akataa mwezi mutaanzi. Pele eeci cicitika ciindi zuba noliinda mucibeela citaanzi ca mulengalenga. Aristobulus ulayungizya kuti cileelede kupobwe lya pasika kuti kutali buyo kuti zuba kaliinda mucibeela camulengalenga eeco, pele amwezi awalo. Nkaambo mbuli mbokuli zibeela zyobile zyamulengalenga, cilimo alisyuuka masamu, kaziimpene mpoziimvwi, alimwi mbuli buzuba bwa pasika mbubwaabikkwa mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, kutalikila mangolezya, mwezi uunooli acibaka ciimpene abusena aali zuba, mbuli mbokubonwa eelyo myezi niizwide kumweka; alimwi zuba linooli mubusena mpolijanika ciindi lisyuuka zisamu, eelyo mwezi nuuli abusena mpuujanika cilimo.”(Eusebius Ecclesiastical History, Book 7,Chapter 32, http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/250107.htm)
Kuzwa muzilembedwe eezi, tujana makani aaya:
- Pasika tuukonzyi kuba kacitaninga sika ciindi ceelana
mazuba amasiku:
“. . . boonse beelede kupaizya zipaizyo zyapasika kaciindide ciindi ca kweelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, akataa mwezi mutaanzi.”
- Mwezi uuzwide kumweka weelede kusika kaciindide ciindi
ceelana mazuba amasiku:
“Aristobulus ulayungizya kuti cileelede kupobwe lya pasika kuti kutali buyo kuti zuba kaliinda mucibeela camulengalenga, pele amwezi awalo. Nkaambo mbuli mbokuli zibeela zyobile zyamulengalenga, cilimo alisyuuka masamu, kaziimpene mpoziimvwi, alimwi mbuli buzuba bwa pasika mbubwaabikkwa mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, kutalikila mangolezya, mwezi uunooli acibaka ciimpene abusena aali zuba, mbuli mbokubonwa eelyo myezi niizwide kumweka; alimwi zuba linooli mubusena mpolijanika lisyuuka zisamu, eelyo mwezi nuuli abusena mpuujanika cilimo.”
Kulanga buyo ameso cilangikaanga eezi ninzila zyeenzu zyobile. Pele kusanyangula zyaambwa eezyi, ciyubununa buyo kuti eeyi ninzila yakupima nzitwaiya kusikila waawa iilondokede kapati, ooku nkokwaamba kuti Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu weelede kutalisya mwaka. Aawa kweelede kubikkilwa maanu amwezi uuzwide, uujatikizya Pasika aPobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena. Mwezi uuzwide mpaaleembwa mwezi woonse; amwezi uuzwide mpaakatikati kamwezi. Kuti mwezi uuzwide (akataa mwezi) wasika kumbele munsaa ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku eelyo lisyuuka masamu, nkabela Mwezi Mupya uutobela nguunooli munsaa ciindi eeco kapati. Tacili cintu cuubauba mbuli kubala mazuba akataa Mwezi Mupya aciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku, nkaambo mazuba eeni taatondezyi kuti mpali akataa mwezi. Ooku munzila imwi nkokwaamba kuti akataa mwezi ncobeni (nkokuti mwezi uuzwide kumweka) taasikili mubuzuba bwa kkumi abwane bwamwezi lyoonse; alimwi tabusikili mubuzuba bwakkumi abwasanu bwamwezi lyoonse. Mbutwaamba boobo, zimwi ziindi inga twalubuzya kuti katubala buyo mazuba aali akataa Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku. Kulomya kubona kuti zyoonse zyobile, Pasika (buzuba bwa kkumi abwane bwamwezi) amwezi uuzwide kumweka kazyisikila cainda ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku ngomusunko wini. Ansi aawa kuli cifwanikiso citondezya bwini eeco Aristobulus ncaakali kwaamba eelyo naakati,
“Aristobulus ulayungizya kuti cileelede kupobwe lya pasika kuti kutali buyo kuti zuba kaliinda mucibeela camulengalenga, pele amwezi awalo. Nkaambo mbuli mbokuli zibeela zyobile zyamulengalenga, cilimo alisyuuka masamu, kaziimpene mpoziimvwi, alimwi mbuli buzuba bwa pasika mbubwaabikkwa mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, kutalikila mangolezya, mwezi uunooli acibaka ciimpene abusena aali zuba, mbuli mbokubonwa eelyo myezi niizwide kumweka; alimwi zuba linooli mubusena mpolijanika lisyuuka zisamu, eelyo mwezi nuuli abusena mpuujanika cilimo.”
Atala aawa: Eeci cifwanikiso citondezya citola busena aciindi mwezi wazulila kumweka kaciindide ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku. Mweengwe wanyanzabili utondezya bweende bwa zuba amwezi kuzwa kulumwesyi kuya kululyo. Amubikkile maanu kuti zuba amwezi zyakakosola kale mweengwe waandula mulengalenga akati (mweenwge uusubila) alimwi zyiliimpene lino mpozyibede mumulengalenga, izuba kalili abusena mpolijanika ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, mwezi kuuli abusena mpuujanika ciindi lyeelana mazuba amasiku cilimo, mbweenya mbwaakaamba Eusebius.
Eeci ncintu cikondelezya! Kuti twatalika Mwaka Mupya, katubelesya Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, eelyo Pasika amwezi uuzwide kumweka nuusikila mpawo, inga twalulama kutobezya kkalenda eelyo Eusebius ndyaakalemba. (Ncintu ceelede kubikkilwa maanu aawa, kujatikizya ncaakaamba Aristobulus kuti ciindi cakweelana mazuba amasiku lisyuuka masamu, ceelede kusolweda amwezi uuzwide kumweka wamwezi mutaanzi, inga camvwika aanga tacikwe maanu kuti Mwezi Mupya, uutobela ciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku, niwali nguwo uutalisya mwaka; nkaambo inga mwezi uuzwide kumweka, uuli mumwezi mutaanzi, niwali kusika mvwiki zinjaanji kaciindide ciindi eeco. Nkaambo Aristobulus wakabikkila maanu kuti aambe cintu eeci ncecipa kuzyibya kuti zimwi ziindi mwezi uuzwide kumweka wamwezi mutaanzi inga wasikila aciindi cilaafwi kapati aciindi ceelana mazuba amasiku.)
Amubikkile maanu aawa:Kuyungizya cakaamba Eusebius eeco cijatikizya milazyo ya kkalenda lya Bbaibbele, akulomya kubona kuti Pasika ulasika kaciindide ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku ncintu cilaa maanu, nkaambo cilomya kutondezya kuti Pasika omwe buyo ulatobelwa mumwaka uli oonse (kuzwa kuciindi lisyuuka masamu kusikila kuciindi lisyuuka masamu).
(2c) Hena zilembedwe zya musela zileendelana akujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uutobela ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku?
Nee, peepe. Kuti twatalika Mwaka Mupya, mukubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku:
- ...zimwi ziindi inga eeci catonkela Pobwe lya Butebuzi kulaale kaciindide ciindi cakweelana buzuba abusiku, eeci ncintu citeendelani abumboni bwa Philo (nokuba Mangwalo).
- ...zimwi ziindi inga calekela ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku kuti cibe mumwezi wacisambomwe, eeci alimwi ncintu citeendelani abumboni bwa Philo (nokuba Mangwalo).
- ...zimwi ziindi inga capa kuti zuba libe munsaa nyenyezi zya Pisces (kulaale a nyenyezi zya Aries) aciindi ca Pasika wamusela mutaanzi, acalo eeci taceendelani abumboni bwa Josephus.
(2d) Hena zilembedwe zyamusela zileendelana akujana Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku naakunkumuka masamu?
Inzya. Kutalikila Mwaka Mupya, katubelesya Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku (eeco cipandululwa mubululeme kuti lyoonse cibikka mwezi uuzwide kumweka aPasika kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku), alimwi ncintu ceendelana abumboni bwa Philo, Josephus, a Eusebius.
Kukosozya kaambo:
Bumboni bwabalembi bansiku butondezya kuti wakali Mwezi Mutaanzi uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu, kuti mpaakali kutalikilwa mwaka ( eeco cipandululwa mubululeme kuti lyoonse cibikka mwezi uuzwide kumweka aPasika kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku). Muntu takonzyi kuya kumbele kweendelana a bumboni bwa Philo a Josephus, kumwi kacilamatide Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku kuti mpaatalikila Mwaka Mupya.
(3) Mangwalo atondezya kuti izuba, mwezi, anyenyezi zyeelede kubelesyegwa kubamba akupima ciindi. (Matalikilo 1:14-16)
(3a) Notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi, ooyo uli munsimunsi kapati kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku naakunkumuka masamu, hena zyoonse zyotatwe zyeelede kubelesyegwa (izuba, mwezi anyenyezi)?
Nee, peepe. Bumboni bwa Josephus bujatikizya nyenyezi zya Aries mbuzyaaswaangene a Pasika mumusela mutaanzi bweelede kubikkwa ambali kutegwa eeyi nzila itobelwe.
(3b) Eelyo notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kutalikila aMwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku, hena zyoonse zyotatwe eezyi zyeelede kubelesyegwa (izuba, mwezi, anyenyezi)?
Inzya. Eeyi nzila ileendelana abumboni bwa Josephus kuti nyenyezi zya Aries zyakali kuswaangana aPasika mumusela mutaanzi.
Amubikkile maanu aawa: Nokuba kuti ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku ciyaa kukunkulikila kuzwa kujwe kuya kumbo, anzila yiinda zuba nolitobela mweengwe waandulula mulengalenga akati, iyaa bucinca kuzwa kumazuba aaJosephus, tucikonzya mazubaano kubelesya nyenyezi kuti tulomye kujana aatalikilwa mwaka. Nokuba kuti kuli ziindi zimwi zuba nolikonzya kusika munsaa nyenyezi zya Aries muciindi ca Pasika, kanjikanji zuba lijanika munsaa nyenyezi zya Pisces mubuzuba bwa Pasika. Mazubaano, izuba lyoonse lijanika munsaa nyenyezi zya Pisces, eelyo buzuba abusiku nobweelana, alimwi munsimunsi anyenyezi zya Virgo ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu.
Kukosozya kaambo:
Notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo lisyuuka masamu, cileendelana aMangwalo, nkaambo cilajatikizya akweendelana abumboni bwamisela mbuzyaali kuswaangana a Pasika inyenyezi zya Aries mumusela mutaanzi.
(4) Kujatikizya bwiimpene bulamfu bwamyaka, tulizyi kuti kuli myaka ili ciloba mifwaafwi mukuzinguluka kwa myaka kkumi afuka:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
(4a) Hena eeyi Myaka ilabikkilwa maanu kuti twatalikila Mwaka mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naasyuuka?
Inzya mbombubo. Oobu mbumboni bubotya zilengwa leza zya Mulengi. Ooku kuzinguluka kwa myaka, nokuba kuti takupi bumboni kunzila niiba buti, pele kulatutondezya aawo mpotubede mukucenguluka kwa myaka. (amulange cifwanikiso ca Metonic Cycle Chart.)
(5) Mwezi uyoobaya ziindi zyobile (bamwi ngobati “mwezi uusubila”) mu 2014 alimwi ziindi zyobile mu 2015 (zyone antoomwe).Hena inga eeci cintu citabonwibonwi kacili citondezyo kubasyomeka ba Yahuwah kuti njeeyi nzila iiluleme yakutalika Mwaka Mupya?
Mangwalo aloongomene kutondekela bantu kuzilengwa leza zyamulengalenga, aboobo ncintu camaanu kukosola kaambo kuti, ooku kubaya kwamwezi, mubwini, ncitondezyo cabulemu, kuti kuswaangana aMapobwe aamwaka tacili cilengwa leza buyo citola busena.
“Walo nguupa mweelwe wanyenyezi, Walo nguupa mazina kuli zinzyo zyoonse. Mupati Simalelo wesu alimwi ngusinguzu zyoonse, Kunyina magolelo aabusongo Bwakwe.” (Intembauzyo 147:4-5, ISR)
“Langa mujulu ameso aako ubone. Nguni wakazilenga zyoonse eezyi? Ooyo uuzyileta mumakamu mumyeelwe yazyo, Walo nguzyiita zyoonse mazina, kwiinda munguzu Zyakwe- kunyina isweekede.” (Izaya 40:26, ISR)
(5a) Hena ooku kubaya kwamwezi inga kweendelana a buzuba butaanzi bwa Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena abuzuba butaanzi bwa Mavwuka mumyaka yobile eelyo notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi ceelana buzuba abusika eelyo masamu naasyuuka?
Nee, peepe.Inga ooku kubaya kwaswaangana buyo a Mapobwe aamu 2014. Mapobwe aamu 2014 ayoosika mwezi omwe musyule kakwiindide kubaya kwamwezi ooku.
(5b) Hena ooku kubaya kwamwezi kuyooswaangana a buzuba butaanzi bwa Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena, abuzuba butaanzi bwa Mavwuka mumyaka yobile eelyo notutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu nasyuuka?
Inzya. Ooku kubaya kuyooswaangana aMapobwe aamyaka yobile eeyi (2014-2015).
Kukosozya kaambo:
Inga bwaba buyamba kuti bantu basyomeka ba Yahuwah tiibalanganya zitondezyo eezyi zyitola busena mumulengalenga mumazubaano aacaalizya. Ndijanza lyokwa Yahuwah liimikizya akweendelezya zintu zyoonse mumulengalenga. Mumawoola aamamanino aaya, basyomwa ba Yahuwah beelede kubikkila maanu kapati akulangisya zyili zyoonse zyitola busena mujulu.
“Alimwi Ime njookutondezya maleele mujulu, azitondezyo anyika ansi; bulowa, amulilo, abusi buunduluka: Izuba liyoosanduka akuba musinze, alimwi mwezi uyooba mbuli bulowa, kabutana sika buzuba bupati alimwi butaambiki bwa Simalelo wesu.” (Amulange Milimo 2:19-20).
Amubikkile maanu aawa: Eeci tatwaambi kuti mbobumboni bwakutobela nzila yakutalikila Mwezi Mupya uli munsimunsi kapati aciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu naasyuuka kuti mpaatalikilwa Mwaka pe, nkaambo kwakainda ziindi zinjaanji musyule eelyo mwezi niwaabaya (mbuli mu 1967-1968) eezyo zyakali kukonzya kuswaangana amapobwe aabelesya nzila eeyi. Pele ncintu cikondelezya kubikkila maanu kucintu citola busena eeci.
(1) Mubuzyo/kukazya: Kuti Mwezi mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo amasamu naasyuuka kuuli aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya ncobeni, mbubuti mbotunga twazyiba kacitana sika ciindi eeco kuti nguli Mwezi Mupya unooli munsimunsi kapati aciindi eeco?
KWIINGULA: Eeyi mibuzyo mibotu kapati.Taakwe kudonaika kuti basyomeka bana Isilayeli bakeelede kuzyiba kacitaninga sika ciindi ca Pasika. Mumyaka eeyo Pasika niwaali kusikila munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu (mubuzuba butobela), bana Isilayeli bakali kukkala anze amunzi wa Jelusalema bakali kutalika musinzo wabo kacitaninga sika ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku. Tacili cintu cizyibidwe lino kuti bakali kuzyiba buti kuti ciindi eeco caswena kujatikizya Myezi Mipya kutegwa bagante eeni aatalikilwa mwaka. Cintu comwe cili masimpe, nokuba boobo: bana Isilayeli bansiku bakalizyi citaambiki bweende bwazyintu mumulengalenga. Iswe notupona mazubaano, aluzyibo ndotujisi kwiinda mumincini tuyaabuswena buyo aluzyibo oolo lwaazyibidwe kumuntu uli oonse muciindi cabana Isilayeli.
Kubula luzyibo kwesu, mazubaano, mbumboni bwakusweekelwa luzyibo kwiinda mukuzanga akukaka kuteelela. Kwaalilwa kuteelela bweende bwazintu mumulengalenga mbuli bantu bansiku mbubaazyi kale, tacilesyi kuti bumboni buyaakuyubunuka bwakuti Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati a ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku, eelyo masamu naasyuuka, nguutalisya mwaka wa Bbaibbele.
Ambweni bakali kubala buyo mazuba aali mwaanda amakumi lusele2 kuzwa aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku [masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu] kutegwa babaa muzeezo kuti ciindi citobela cabuzuba bweelana abusiku, eeco lisyuuka masamu kuti cisika lili, nkabela akupima aawo ayoosikila Myezi Mipya kujatikizya kubala kwabo ooko. Mukonzyanyo uupedwe ngooyu, kuti ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku, eelyo masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu kacili caasika mubuzuba butaanzi bwa Pobwe lya Mavwuka (bwakkumi abwasanu bwamwezi waciloba), bakali kukonzya kupima munzila iitobela:
- Mazuba mwaanda amakumi lusele (180)= mweelwe wamazuba aakataa ciindi buzuba bweelana abusiku muciindi masamu naakunkumuka matuvwu kusikila ciindi masamu naasyuuka alimwi buzuba kabweelana abusiku.
- Mazuba mwaanda amakumi lusele (180 - kugwisyila mazuba kkumi awosanwe (15) mazuba aceede mumwezi waciloba)= mazuba aali mwaanda makumi cisambomwe awosanwe (165) aceede kusikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku eelyo masamu kaasyuuka, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya wamwezi walusele. Nkokuti 180-15=165 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba aali mwaanda makumi cisambomwe awosanwe (165) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5) = mazuba mwaanda makumi otatwe awosanwe akwiinda akati bomwe (135.5) aceede mumwaka kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lusyuuka masamu, mubuzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya wamwezi wafuka (9th). Nkukuti 165-29.5=135.5 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba mwaanda makumi otatwe awosanwe akwiinda akati bomwe (135.5) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5)= mazuba mwaanda acisambomwe (106) aceede mumwaka kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lusyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi wakkumi (10th). Nkukuti 135.5-29.5=106 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba mwaanda acisambomwe (106) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5)= mazuba makumi ciloba acisambomwe akwiinda akati bomwe (76.5), aceede kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lusyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi wakkumi aumwi (11th). Nkokui 106-29.5=76.5 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba makumi ciloba acisambomwe akwiinda akati bomwe (76.5) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5) = mazuba makumi one aciloba (47), aceede kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lisyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi wakkumi aibili (12th). Nkokuti 76.5-29.5=47 mazuba aceede.
- Mazuba makumi one aciloba (47) kugwisyila mazuba makumi obile afuka akwiinda akati bomwe, mazuba aali mumwezi omwe (29.5)= mazuba kkumi aciloba akwiinda akati bomwe (17.5) aceede kusikila buzuba bweelana abusiku lisyuuka masamu, mu Buzuba bwa Mwezi Mupya bwamwezi uutobela. Nkokuti 47-29.5=17.5 mazuba aceede.
- Nkaambo mazuba aali kkumi
aciloba akwiinda akati bomwe (17.5) alaindilizya amazuba aali kkumi awone
(14.77) , nkokuti kwiinda akati mwezi omwe, ooyu inga waba mwezi wakkumi aitatu
(13th), alimwi nkokuti Mwezi Mupya (uusikila mumazuba aali kkumi
aabili (12) kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu)
mpaatalikila Mwaka Mupya.
Amubikkile maanu aawa: Kufumbwa kuti mpomubede mumyaka ili kkumi afuka (Metonic Cycle) mwaazyiba bwini, mweelwe wamyezi icili kumbelaa mazuba, (nkokuti aatalikilwa mwaka omwe omwe) inga mwaazyiba kacitaninga sika ciindi eeco.
Kupima ciindi mumusyobo ooyu inga tiimwayimpya kujana aatalikilwa mwaka eelyo ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu nicaali kusikila munsaa mwezi uuzwide kumweka akataa mwezi, pele alimwi, luzyibo lwabo lwajulu nilwaali kwiinda ndotujisi mazubaano. Ncintu ncotunga twainduluka kwaamba kuti kwaalilwa kwesu kuteelela bweenda zilengwa leza mumulengalenga mbuli bantu bansiku, tacilesyi bumboni bwakuti Mwezi Mupya uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu, mpaatalikilwa mwaka wa Bbaibbele.
(2) Mubuzyo/ kukazya: Philo waamba kuti “matalikilo” aaciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu nceciindi citalika mwaka mutaanzi wa Bbaibbele. Hena eeci tacaambi kuti Mwezi Mupya kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu mpaatalikila mwaka?
“Muusa wakasimpa ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu kuti mpaatalikilwa mwaka mutaanzi wamwaka, akupa bulemu, kuleka mbuli bamwi mbobacitila kucenguluka kwamwaka, pele kupeda bulemu kububotu bwa zilengwa leza oobo bumunikila bantu... Kutobelezya, mumwezi ooyu, mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwa mwezi, eelyo mwezi nuuyanda kuzulila kumweka, ipobwe lyanyika yoonse lya pasika nolisekelelwa. . .” (Philo. On The Life of Moses II, Section XLI (222-224),http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/yonge/book25.html)
KWIINGULA: Ooyu mubuzyo mubotu kapati. (Nkamu ya WLC ayalo yakaambide cintu cilubide acintu eeci kumatalikilo.) Kuti twalanga buyo, cilibonyaanga Philo waamba kuti mwezi mutaanzi wamwaka utalikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Philo, aawa taambi myezi iitobezya mwezi uulibonya pe, nokuba boobo; bweende bwamyezi tabukwe makani aasikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Philo, aawa, waamba myezi iitobezya bweende bwazuba, kutali iitobezya bweende bwa mwezi. Mwezi uutobezya bweende bwazuba upimwa kutobezya aabede zuba mumulengalenga; mwezi mutaanzi utobezya bweende bwazuba aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Mumazuba aa Philo, mwezi mutaanzi uutobezya bweende bwazuba wakali nyenyezi zya Aries (mbuli bwaamba Josephus), akutobelwa a Taurus, Gemini aimwi. Mwezi mutaanzi uutobezya zuba wakali kutalikila ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.
Mucibalo eeci, Philo uya kumbele kwaamba kuti “mumwezi ooyu, mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi,. . .ipobwe lya pasika nolisekelelwa.” Aawa Philo wiinduluka kwaamba ncitwakaiya kuzwa kuli Josephus: Pasika (buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi mutaanzi), bwakali kusekelelwa mumwezi mutaanzi uutobezya bweende bwazuba (eelyo zuba nolyakali mubbazu lyanyenyezi zya Aries). Aaka kaambo kunyina ncokaamba mukupima Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.
(3) Mubuzyo/Kukazya: Philo waamba kuti myezi yakali kupimwa kuzwa “aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.” Hena eeci tacaambi kuti Mwezi Mupya ooyo uusika kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu nguutalisya mwaka?
“(Mangwalo) alaamba cakusalazya kutalikila amulongo wamyezi kuzyila aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. Alimwi (ooyu mwezi) waambwa kuti ngo “mutaanzi” alimwi “mpaatalikilwa” mulongo wamyezi, nkaambo eezyi zyaambwa zyoonse zilapandululana, mbuli mbocaamba kuti mutaanzi mubweende amunguzu; mbweenya acalo ciindi kuzyila aciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu, cilibonya kuti nciindi citaanzi mumulongo amunguzu, mbeenya mbuli mutwe (mbuuli matalikilo) aacintu cizumi. Alimwi aabo bakaiya zilengwa leza zyamumulengalenga mbibaapa zina eeli kuciindi eeco. Nkaambo baita Mugutu kuti ngomutwe wamulongo wanyenyezi nkaambo zuba nolili mubbazu lyamugutu libonekaanga nolileta ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.” (Philo, Supplement II,Questions and Answers on Exodus, translated by Ralph Marcus, Ph.D., Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA:, 1953, pp. 2-3.)
KWIINGULA: Aawa alimwi, Philo taambi mulongo wamyezi iitobezya mwezi uulibonya pe, pele mulongo wamyezi iitobezya bweende bwazuba, eeyo njotwabandika kale mucibalo cainda, oomo Philo mwaambilizya mbunga yanyenyezi zya Aries, “Mugutu mutwe wa nyenyezi,” walo ooyo mumusela mutaanzi, wakali mwezi mutaanzi wamyaka iitobezya bweende bwa zuba. Alimwi kaambo aaka kunyina ncokaamba cijanya Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu.
(4) Mubuzyo/Kukazya: Kutalikila Mwaka Mupya kubelesya Mwezi Mupya mutaanzi kaciindide ciindi lyeelana buzuba abusiku alisyuuka masamu, inga tiicatupa ciindi cinji kuti maila abizwe (“Abib”) kabutana sika buzuba bwa Micelo Mitaanzi.
KWIINGULA:Zintu zinjaanji inga zyaambwa akaambo aaka, pele tatweelede kumana ciindi kasanyangula kaambo aaka kutegwa tuyubune cilubide pe. Tweelede buyo kulanga caamba Mangwalo eeco cijatikizya mwezi wa “Abib” acipaizyo ca Micelo Mitaanzi.
“Alimwi maila akanyonyoonwa: nkaambo maila taakaninga bizwa mumwezi wa [Abib] ,alimwi maila akacilaa ntenga.” (Kulonga 9:31)
“Mubuzuba oobu inywe mwakayaamuka mumwezi wa Abib.” (Kulonga 13:4)
“Inywe mweelede kubamba pobwe lya cinkwa citakwe bumena:(mutyalyi cinkwa cilaa bumena kwamazuba aali ciloba, mbuli mbweekamulailila, muciindi cibikkidwe ambali mumwezi wa Abib: nkaambo muli nguwe inywe nimwaayaamuka kuzwa ku Ijipita: alimwi kunyina naba omwe akati kenu weelede kuzya kunembo lyangu cinkwa maanza pe.” (Kulonga 23:15)
“Ipobwe lyacinkwa citakwe bumena mweelede kulibamba. Mazuba aali ciloba mweelede kulya cinkwa citakwe bumena, mbuli mbweekamulailila, muciindi ca mwezi wa Abib: nkaambo mumwezi wa Abib inywe nimwaayaamuka kuzwa ku Ijipita. ” (Kulonga 34:18)
Nomuleta busu bwamaila mataanzi ku Mwami Yahuwah, abube busu bwa misuku yamapopwe mataanzi matete [Abib] aakangwa aaziyidwe. (Amulange Bapaizi 2:14.)
Amulangile mwezi wa Abib, akusekelela pasika kuli Yahuwah Elohimu wenu: nkaambo mumwezi wa Abib Yahuwa Elohimu wenu wakaangununa ndinywe kuzwa mu Ijipita masiku. (Amulange Ciibalusyo 16:1.)
Kutobezya bwaamba bbuku lipandulula mabala lya Brown-Driver-Briggs' Hebrew Dictionary, Abib caamba buyo kuti: “(1)maila mapya, maila aitwa kuti bbali; (2) mwezi wakubikka misuku, kubaa ngala kwacisyango, kukomena kwa Abib, mwezi wa kulonga apasika. . .” Ibbala Abib lizyila ku Strong's #H3; lyaamba kuti “bupya, butete, zisyuuka zipya, nokuba busena bwakusyuusya zisyango.” (Brown-Driver-Briggs' Hebrew Dictionary)
Abib tacaambi kuti “cibizwide”, nokuba kwaamba kuti mazuba kkumi acisambomwe3 kulaale akubizwa. Lyaamba buyo kuti “ntenga” naa “butete”. Aawa mpaali kaambo. Eelyo Muusa naakalemba kuti maila acilaa “ntenga” mu (Kulonga 9:31), wakali kwaamba buyo kuti maila akalimenede; akacilaa ntenga akuya kumbele kukomena. Ncenciceeco ncaakanyonyweedwa, kakuli maila aampunga aamwi (aatakaninga mena) taakanyonyoonwa pe (Kulonga 9:32). Eelyo Mangwalo naamba cijatikizya “mwezi wa Abib”, aamba buyo kujatikizya mwezi ooyo zisyango nozibizwa, nokuba kutalika kubizwa.
Akamwi kaambo nkotweelede kubandika nkakulailila Kwakwe Yahuwah kujatikizya cipaizyo ca Micelo Mitaanzi.
“Lino Mwami Yahuwah wakaambila Muusa kuti aambile Baisilayeli kuti, “Ciindi mwaakusika munyika Mwami Yahuwah njayoomupa, mbomuyootebwida buyo, mukape musunta mutaanzi wabutebuzi bwenu kumupaizi. Walo mupaizi uyoouzumbaanya musunta ooyo ku Mwami Yahuwah, kutegwa utambulike mubusena bwanu. Mupaizi uyoouzumbaanya musunta bwaakwiinda buzuba bwa Nsabata. Mubuzuba oobo mukapaizye akagutu katakwe kampenda, kamwaka omwe ku Mwami Yahuwah. Lino mukabikke cipaanzi casanu calusuwo lwabusu bunante, alimwi buvweledwe amafuta aaoliva. Cibe cabweema bubotelezya ku Mwami Yahuwah. Alimwi mupedelezye alufulu lwa waini. Mutakalyi zinkwa niciba ciwaya naaba makunka matete kamutanaleta cipaizyo canu citaanzi ku Mwami Yahuwah. Malailile aaya aleelede kutobelwa mane alili.” (Amulange Bapaizi 23:9-14.)
Aawa cilisalede kuti kunyina nokwaambwa maila aa bbali “aabizwide” pe. Kulailila kwaamba buyo kuleta musunta mutaanzi wabutebuzi kumupaizi kuti akauzumbaanye mubuzuba bubikkidwe ambali, alimwi kuti batalyi cizwa mumyuunda kusikila cipaizyo eeci capegwa.
Mbuli basicikolo ba Bbaibbele bankutwe bavwuntauzya kasimpe, tatukonzyi kuuntuluzyila cikkelo cabumboni eeco citondezya kuti Mwezi Mupya, ooyo uuli munsimunsi kapati aciindi buzuba abusiku nobweelana, kuti mpaatalikilwa mwaka akutobela cilengwa caba Kalaiti baJuuda, cakweezyeezya kuti kubizwa kwazisyango mu Palesitaini ncecitondezyo ncibaali kutobela.
(5) Mubuzyo/Kaambo:Ime lyoonse ndakayiisyigwa kuti Mwaka Mupya tiiwakali kukonzya kutalikwa kusikila zyabizwa zisyango mu Palesitaini wansiku. Nkaambo nzi ncomubikkila maanu akubizwa kwa maila aa bbali?
KWIINGULA: Kuli twaambo tunjaanji tuswaangene mukweezyeezya kuti Mwaka Mupya uzingulukila akubizwa kwa maila aabbali mu Palesitaini:
- Kunyina pe ampocaamba mu Mangwalo kuti kuli “mulawo wabutebuzi bwa bbale.”
- Matalikilo 1:14 aamba kuti zilengwa leza zyamulengalenga zyakabikkilwa “ziindi zyamwaka, mazuba, amyaka.” Tulakonzya kukosozya kaambo kuti maila aabbali akeelede kunoobizwide mubuzuba bwakupaizya micelo mitaanzi, aboobo aaya maila akali munsaa kubizwa eelyo naakanyonyoonwa acivwulamabwe mu Ijipita (Kulonga 9:22-31), kunyina pe Mangwalo mpaamba kuti zisyangidwe (bbali) zyakeelede kuba citondezyo “ca ziindi zyamwaka, mazuba, amyaka.”
- Muzeezo wa “myaka” wakaletwa kacitanjila cinyonyoono, kakutanaba zambangulwe lya meenda alimwi kiitaninga singanyigwa nyika (Matalikilo 1:14), antela myaka cuulu amyaanda yosanwe kalitana sika zambangulwe lya meenda (zyuulu zyobile amyaanda yosanwe yamyaka kakutanasika Kulonga). Tacilangiki kuba cintu cilaa maanu kuyeeya kuti bantu baciindi kalitana sika zambangulwe kuti bakali kubelesya maila aabbali kupima Mwaka Mupya. Pele ncintu camaanu, kweezyeezya kuti bakayeeme zilengwa leza zyamulengalenga, eezyo Yahuwah nzyaakabikka kuti ndekkalenda Lyakwe, lyakupimya “ziindi zyamwaka, . . .mazuba, amyaka.”
- Nowa wakakonzya kubala ciindi cakutaimpya muciindi ca zambangulwe (kakwiina kusyanga maila aabbali pe).
- Bana ba Isilayeli bakakonzya kupima ciindi mulubula naa munkanda (kakwiina kusyanga maila aabbali pe). Ciabalo ca Myeelwe 9:1-14 cipandulula bana ba Isilayeli mbubaali kusekelela pobwe lya Pasika munkanda.
- Kweezyeezya kuti kubizwa kwamaila aa bbali aaku Palesitaini njenzila ilikke yakutalikila mwaka, nkweezyeezya zintu zyobile: (1) Aabo bakkala anze lyanyika ya Palesitaini, bayeeme amilumbe yamuluwo kuti bazyibe ciindi libizwa maila aaku Palesitaini, eeci citali cintu cisyomeka kulanganya abulimi bwamazubaano bwakupindula misyobo yazisyango);(2)Basyomeka ba Yahuwah beelede kuyaama azilengwa zyamisela yabantu eezyo zyeendelana a kkalenda lina Gregory lyalo litondezya kuti “mvwula ncaalizi” niyakawa, zyuulu zyamyaka kaindi. Eeci caambilizya kuti tweelede kutobela kkalenda lina Gregory kutalisya Mwaka Mupya, nkaambo kuti kakutakwe kkalenda eelyo tatukonzyi kuzyiba cabulondo mazuba aatalikilwa Mwaka Mupya. Tacili cintu citambulika kubasyomeka ba Yahuwah, kuti bayaame amanjezyeezya aamuntu nokuba kkalenda lina Gregory, kuti batalike Mwaka Mupya wa Bbaibbele. Alimwi tacitambuliki kuti basyomeka kabayeeme amilumbe yamuluwo abulimi bwamazubaano bwa zisi zilaakatikati kakujwe.
- Kulamatila manjeezyeezya aa
“mulawo wabutebuzi bwamaila aa bbali” cipa kuti tutalike kusyoma kuti bana
Isilayeli kabatana njila munyika ya Kkanaani (kusanganya abana ba Isilayeli
munkanda), tibaali kukonzya kutalika myaka yabo cabululeme, nokuba kwaamba kuti
nzila yakujanya mwaka mupya yakacinca eelyo nibaanjila mu nyika yacisyomyo.
Ooku nkweezyeezya kufubeede. Hena tweelede kusyoma kuti basyomeka, kusikila
waawa, bakali kupima aatalikilwa mwaka kujatikizya kubizwa kwamaila aabbali
munyika njibataninga kkalide? Kunyina Mangwalo mpaamba kuti maila abbali
wamu Palesitaini ayelede kuba cipimyo cakutalisya mwaka pe. Ibbaibbele lilaamba
mumulaka uusalala kuti, myaka yeelede kutalikwa kubelesya zilengwa leza
zyamumulengalenga. “ Alimwi Elohimu wakati, akube mimuni mumulengalenga wajulu,
kuti yaandaanye buzuba kuzwa kubusiku; alimwi ibe zitondezyo zyaziindi
zyamwaka, amazuba, amyaka.” (Matalikilo 1:14)
1 Kulonga 9:31 caamba kuti maila aabbali abuluba, akali munsaa kubizwa eelyo naakanyonyoonwa acivwulamabwe. Mpampawo aawo mpotuzyibila kuti cakali ciindi lisyuuka zisyangidwe nokuba munsimunsi aciindi eeco.
2 Kwakali mazuba mwaanda amakumi lusele, akataa ciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku likunkumuka matuvwu kumasamu, aciindi ceelana buzuba abusiku lisyuuka masamu. (http://community.novacaster.com/showarticle.pl?id=11110;n=4001)
3 Micelo Mitaanzi yakeelede kupaizigwa mubuzuba bwa kkumi acisambomwe bwa mwezi mutaanzi, kutobela buzuba ba Nsabata ya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena. (Amulange


text:
Kubbizyigwa kwa Yahushua a Lusyomo lwa Baleza Botatwe: Kusoma Maako 1:9-11
flickr.com/photos/tony709/6107292778 - Jordan River by Cycling Man
“Lyakali aciindi eeco Yahushua naakaboola kuzwa ku Nazaleta mu Galilaya akubbizyigwa aa Johane mu Mulonga wa Jodani. Mpeenya buyo aawo naakali kuzyaa kuzwa mumeenda, walo wakabona majulu akkala bukwazi Moza muciimo ca nziba, wakaselukila ali nguwe. Mpawo kwakamvwika jwi lizwa kujulu kakuti, 'Yebo uli Mwanaangu Muyandwa; kokondwa kwangu kuli muli nduwe.’” (Maako 1:9-11, New Jerusalem Bible).
Makani aakubbizyigwa (kunyikwa) kwa Yahushua a Johane Mubbizyi mu Mulonga wa Jodani, akalembwa mumilumbe yamaseseke iilandabika muwoonse wakalembwa [Mateyo, Maako, Luuka] pele kakuli kwiimpanya aasyoonto buyo mumulumbe wane. Oomo muciindi cakuti Yahushua aboole kulubbizyo lwa Johane lwakulekelelwa zinyonyoono, Johane waamba nguwe kuti, “Amulange, Mwanaa Mbelele ookwa Yahuwah uugwisya zinyonyoono zya nyika” (Johane 1:29).
Ibbaibbele lya The New Jerome Biblical Commentary lilembedwe kuti, “Maako ulaa Mulumbe uutonkomene cakutaleyaleya (1:9-11), mulumbe uutakwe cakulibilika alimwi katakwe cakulisenda. Pele, naakababuzya cakulemba, aaka kaano kakafwamba kubausya nsoni bacikombelo citaanzi, nkaambo kwakali kuyeeyelwa kuti taceeleli kuti Yahushua uutakwe cinyonyoono abbizyigwe nkaambo ka zinyonyoono. Aboobo Mateyo ulagwisyila caambidwe muli Maako 1:4 ca kulekelelwa zibi akuyungizya kampango ka [Mateyo 3:14-15]” (p. 637).
Akwalo kubbizya bana bavwanda cakayindizya kufubaazya Bunakristu nkaambo kalubbizyo oolo akubbizya (kunyikwa) kwa muzibe waku Ethiopia ooyo wakali kusunga nkomo yamali mubuleli bwa Mwami mukaintu Candace mu Milimo 8:36-39: “Nobakali kweenda munzila, bakasika kwakali maanzi. Muzibe wakati, ‘Langa ngaaya maanzi, ncinzi ino cindikasya [kunyikwa]?
Filipo wakateeti, ‘Naa wasyoma amoyo wako woonse ulakonzya.’ Wakavwuwa wakati, ‘Ndasyoma kuti Yahushua Messiah ngu Mwanaa Yahuwah.’ Nkabela Filipo wakalailila inkalaki yiime, bakaseluka ansi akuya mumeenda bobile Filipo amuzibe, mpoonya [wakamubbizya] Mpoonya nibakazwa mumaanzi Muuya wa Mwami wakamukwempa Filipo akumutola, muzibe taakamubona kabili pele wakagama nzila yakwe kayaa kubotelwa.” (New Jerusalem Bible). Zyoonse ziindi zyobile eezi zyakatondezya: (1) lubbizyo lwa muntu mupati/musyomi; (2) kunyikwa; (3) mulonga nokuba kalonga kakunka meenda mabotu kuti ncecintu ciyandika abusena bwa kubbizyila.
Mukudyakaizya mulimo waco mu lubbizyo lwa Banakristu, aabo Bakomba Baleza Botatwe kuzwa muciindi lyaali muswaangano yaku Nicea (325 AD) aku Constantinople (381 AD), bakapelengusya caacitika cipati kulubbizyo oolu eelyo nibaajula Mulumbe wa Maako kuti mbobumboni butazungaani butondezya lusyomo lwa Baleza Botatwe. Ibbuku lilaa mutwe wakuti The New Jerome Biblical Commentary lyaamba kuti, “Muziyanza zya Bunakristu zyakatobela aakale, kubbizya kulangwa kuti nciyubunuzyo citaanzi mu Cizuminano Cipya ca Baleza Botatwe, munzila yakunonzyanonzya, nkaambo Taata, Mwana, a Moza bali antoomwe aciindi comwe (Jerome)” (p. 638).
Tulabona eeci kacitondezyegwa amumalembe ookwa Augustine, ooyo umwi wakali musaanyina aa Jerome, ooyo wakasandulula Bbaibbele lya Vulgate muci Latini. Umwi mulembi Munakristu uuzyidwe kapati, wakalemba Mulumbe wa Sermon II kuti:
“Aawa kuli Baleza Botatwe baanzeene munzila imwi. Taata mu Jwi, — Mwana mu Muntu, — Muya Uusalala mu Nziba. Kwakali kuyandika akwaamba cintu eeci, cilibonya kakwiina bubi kubantu banji. Nkaambo kulibonya kwa Baleza Botatwe aawa kuliletedwe kuli ndiswe munzila ngubauba kakwiina kudonaika nokuba kweenkela. Nkaambo Mwami Kristu Lwakwe naboola muciimo ca mulanda kuli Johane, kakwiina kudonaika, ooyo ngo Mwana: nkaambo tacikonzyi kwaambwa kuti ooyo wakali Taata, nokuba Muya Uusalala. ‘Yahushua,’ mbokwaambwa, ‘ulaboola’ (Mateyo. 3:13), nkokuti, Mwanaa Yahuwah. Aa nguni uudonaika makani aa Nziba? Nanka yooyo uubuzya kuti, ‘Ino Nziba yiiminina nzi?’ kakuli Mulumbe mubotu ulizubulude cakusalazya kuti, ‘Muya Uusalala wakaselukila ali nguwe muciimo ca nziba’ (Mateyo. 3:16). Alimwi muciimo nceenya kujatikizya jwi lyakamvwugwa kwiina kudonaika kuti lyakali lya Taata, eelyo Walo kaamba kuti, ‘Webo uli Mwanaangu’ (Mateyo. 3:17; Maako 1:11). Aboobo mpeenya aawa twabona Baleza Botatwe kabaanzeene.
“2. Alimwi kuti twalanga mumasena aayo, Ime inga ndaamba nkekkedwe camba (nokuba kuti nkeyoowa kucaamba), kuti munzila imwi Baleza Botatwe balazandulika. Eelyo Yahushua naakaboola kumulonga, Walo wakasika abusena amwi kazyila kuli bumwi; mpoonya Nziba yakaseluka kuzwa kujulu kuzya anyika, kuzwa kubusena bumwi kuzya kuli bumbi; alyalo Jwi lini lya Taata tiilyakamvwika kalizwa munyika, nokuba mumeenda, pele kalizwa kujulu; aaya otatwe mbuli mbokwaabede akali masena aandeene otatwe, masena aakubelekela milimo yaandeene. Pele umwi inga wati kuli ndime, ‘Kotutondezya Baleza Botatwe mbobatakonzyi kwaandaanyigwa. Koibaluka kuti webo waambilwa mbuli mu Katolika, alimwi kuli Bakatolika baamba kuti.’ Mboobu mboluyiisya lusyomo lwesu, nkokuti, lusyomo lwamasimpe, lusyomo lululeme lwa Katolika, lwakabunganyigwa kutali mumizeezo yakusisikizya, pele kwiinda mubumboni bwa Mangwalo, kutali luyeeme mukucincauzya akutakkalikila kwa buzangi, pele busimpidwe mukasimpe ka Baapositolo: eeci tulicizyi, alimwi tulacisyoma. Pele nokuba kuti eeci tacili ncotubona ameso eesu, nokuba amoyo wesu, kufumbwa buyo kuti katusalazyidwe alusyomo, pele kwiinda mu lusyomo oolu katuzumanana asyoonto alimwi acanguzu — kuti Taata, Mwana, a Muya Uusalala Mbaaleza Botatwe bataanzeene; ngu Leza Omwe, kutali Baleza botatwe. Pele muli Leza Omwe ooyo, Mwana tali Wisi, alimwi Wisi tali Mwana, alimwi Muya Uusalala awalo tali Taata nokuba Mwana, pele Muya wa Taata awa Mwana. Oobu Buleza butaambiki, buliponena muli mbubo, bubamba zintu zyoonse bupya, kulemba, akulengulula bupya, kutumwa, kwiita, kubeleka, kutumizya, oobo Mbaaleza Botatwe, Ime ndaamba kuti, mbotuzyi kuti tabapanduluki alimwi tabaandaanyigwi.”
Aawa twamubona Augustine kalanganya Yahushua kubee ngo Yahuwah, nokuba kuti mumulumbe wa Maako kunyina niwakaamba boobo alimwi tuusoli akwaamba makani aayo. Alimwi tulabona lusyomo lukopa maanu lwa Baleza Botatwe kalutamininwa kutondezyegwa aawa: “Taata, Mwana, a Muya Uusalala mbaa Leza uutaandeene; Leza’ Omwe, kutali Baleza Botatwe. Pele ooyo Leza Omwe, ooyo Mwana uutali Taata, alimwi Taata uutali Mwana, alimwi Muya Uusalala uutali Taata nokuba Mwana, pele Muya ngwa Taata awa Mwana.” Ciliindulukide mumajwi ookwa Augustine mu Mulazyo waku Athanasia, mulazyo uuyiisya lusyomo muli Yahuwah lwaandeene kulaale amakani maubauba aamu Shema (Ciibalusyo. 6:4), ooyo Yahushua ngwaakaamba kuti ngo mulawo mupati ali yoonse yakapedwe bana Isilayeli (Maako 12:29). “Koteelela, O Isilayeli: Yahuwah ngu Leza wesu – Yahuwah ngumwi.”
Kakwiindide misela minjaanji, tulajana Adam Clarke, umwi Mupati akataa Basikutongooka baambilizi, kazumanana ciyanza cakwe cakuzubulula. Kwiinda mumajwi aakwe tujanwa makani aakubbizyigwa kwa Yahushua muli Mateyo 3:16-17 kutali muli Maako 1:9-11, mizeezo njeenya kayeendelana a Maako 1:9-11:
“Aaka kampango takajisi bumboni bugwasyilila kusyoma muli Baleza Botatwe. Ikuti bantu baanzeene botatwe nkobali balijuzyidwe aawa, kunyina cinga cakazyigwa mukaambo aako. 1. Imuntu Yahushua Kristu, ooyo wakabbizyigwa aa Johane mumulonga wa Jodani. 2. Buntu bwa Muya Uusalala muciimo ca mubili (somatiko eidei, Luuka 3:22) mbuli wa nziba. 3. Ciimo ca muntu Taata; ijwi lyakazwa kujulu, kalyaamba kuti, Ooyu ngo Mwanaangu muyandwa, kalizyila kubusena bwiimpene aboobo kwakali ziimo zyabuntu zya Mwana a Muya Uusalala zyakalibonya; alimwi buyo, Ime mbweyeeyela, kutondezya ciimo ca bulengwe cilaa bulemu bwa Buleza eeci.”
Pele hena aaka kampango kajisi ncobeni “bumboni bwa kusyoma Baleza Botatwe”? Mpaali mpokwaamba kuti Yahushua ngu Yahuwah? Mpaali mpokwaambwa kuti walo Muntu wabili mumutwe wa Buleza? Mpaali aawo mpokwaamba kuti Muya wa Yahuwah, ooyo wakazyibidwe kapati akataa buJuuda, weelede kulanganyigwa aanga muntu waandeene kuzwa kuli Yahuwah alimwi waandeene kuzwa kuluzyibo lwa kumitwa lwakazyibidwe aciindi eeco akuzwa waawo mubuJuuda? Nkaambo nzi Banakristu Bamasi ncobeelede kwiimpana kuteelela Muya Uusetekene kuzwa mukuteelela kwa buJuuda?
Mubbuku lilaa mpuwo lyamutwe wakuti Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, tulabona Albert Barnes awalo kasangana mu mazwanga aaya:
“Kubbizyigwa kwa Yahushua kwakali kulanganyigwa kuti ncintu caandeene citondezya lusyomo lwa Baleza Botatwe, nokuba lusyomo lwakuti kuli Bantu Botatwe bali mu Ciimo ca Bulemu.
“(1.) Mubuntu bwa Yahushua Kristu, Mwanaa Yahuwah, ooyo wakabbizyigwa mumulonga wa Jodani, mubusena bumwi kwaambidwe kuti uleelene a Yahuwah, Johane 10:30.
“(2.) Muya Uusalala, kuuseluka kulaa mubili waciimo cimwi atalaa mufutuli. Muya Uusalala awalo uleelene a Taata, nanka kuti awalo ngu Yahuwah, Milimo 5:3; 4.
“(3.) Taata, kaambila Mwana, akwaambilizya kuti walo ulikkomanide akaambo kakwe. Ncintu citakonzyeki kupandulula munzila iimbi caacitika aawa mubukkwene kwiinda buyo kusendekezya kuti kwakali Bantu botatwe beelene Ciimo ca Bulemu naa Bubambe, akuti omwe-omwe akati kabo utabilila zibeela zilaa mulimo mupati mukunununa bantu.”
Amulange kuvwula zintu zilubide nzyaakalemba!
(1) Kampango ka Johane 10:30, aako nkabala kumakani aakwe aaya, taali majwi ookwa Yahushua aakuti walo uleelene a Yahuwah. Mumbubo John Calvin mbwaakaazyi makani aaya kaindi loko mumyaka ya Kubambulula lusyomo. Mubbuku lyakwe mwaambilizya kampango aaka, walo wakalemba kuti: “Basikale kanjaanji bakali kupindula kapati kampango aaka eelyo nibakali kukakatila kutondezya kuti Kristu ulaa ciimo comwe (nokuba kwaabana ciimo comwe a Taata), nkaambo Kristu taambi cili coonse cijatikizya kubaa bubambe bomwe, pele buyo kumvwana akataa Taata anguwe, ooko nkokwaamba kuti, kasyomya kuti Walo ncanoocita cinooli ceeco ncazumizya Taata.”
(2) Kampango ka Milimo 5:3, 4 takayiisyi kuti Muya wa Yahuwah uleelene a Taata nokuba kwaamba kuti awalo ngu Yahuwah pe. Mucaandaano nceenya eeci a Milimo 5:32, ibbala litaandaanyi bwaalumi nokuba bwanakazi ndelibelesyedwe mumalembe aaci Giliki mukwaamba Muya: “Swebo ndiswe bakamboni kukasimpe aaka, alimwi awalo Muya Uusalala ooyo (kulemekezya) Yahuwah ngwaakalazyika ali baabo bamuteelela.” Bunji bwa busanduluzi butaluleme busandulula bbala lya hon (eelyo) mbuli bbala lyakuti “uuli” aawa lyakalembwa mu kukwelelezyegwa kwabo mukusyoma Baleza Botatwe (langa, mumukonzyanyo, mu Bbaibbele lya New Jerusalem Bible, Revised Standard Version, New American Standard Version, New International Version, aamwi manjaanji). Ibbaibbele lya New American Bible, aleelyo lyakasandululwa aaba Katolika, lilisanduludwe kabotu.
(3) Aawa caacitika inga capandululwa kakwiina kucengulukila ku lusyomo lwa Baleza Botatwe oolo lwakapangililwa mumisela minjaanji yakatobela ku Nicea (325 AD) aku Constantinople (381 AD). Tacili cintu ciyandika kweezyeezya, mbuli Barnes, kuti “kuli Bantu botatwe beelene Ciimo ca Buleza naa Bubambe, alimwi omwe-omwe wabo ugwasyilila zibeela ziyandika mumulimo wa kunununa bantu.”
Nkasimpe kazyibidwe kapati akataa basicikolo ba Cizuminano Cipya kuti, mulumbe wa Maako nguuyinda kuubauba mbuulanganya Yahushua akataa milumbe yone. Ooyu mulumbe tuujisi mizeezo iimbi mbuli iilenguludwe mukujuzya mulumbe wane, alimwi tuujisi twaano twa kuzyalwa tuli muli Mateyo 1-2 amuli Luuka 1-2. Tuujisi nokuba makani aakulibonya akubuka kuzwa kubafu! Tumpango tujisi makani aaya, Maako 16:9- 20, ntwakubeja alimwi tatuli twa mulembi mutaanzi, mbuli malembe aali mu maBbaibble aa Bunakristu woonse mbwaatondezya (Langa mu New American Bible, New Jerusalem Bible, aamwi manjaanji).
Mulumbe wa Maako tuuyiisyi kuti Yahushua ngu Yahuwah, kutali kumakani aa kubbizyigwa kwa Yahushua nokuba Kumbo kuli koonse. Eeco cakaambwa abalembi muli Maako 2:7 (“Nguni uukonzya kulekelela zinyonyoono pele buyo Yahuwah alikke?”), nokuba kuti ziindi zinji cibililizyigwa kuti nkakaambo kapa bumboni bwa Buleza bwa Yahushua, pele takuli boobo ncobeni kuti aako kaambo kabalwa mu mumuni weelanya cilembedwe bweelene muli Mateyo 9:1- 8. Makani aakuumuzya guwo (Maako 4:35- 41) — “Nguni pele Yahuwah uukonzya kucita cintu eeco?” “Aawa Yahuwah wakatondezyegwa mubukkwene” (Adam Clarke) — makani obile aakuyungizya zinkwa answi (Maako 7:30- 45; 8:1-10) — “mbumboni buzwide kutondezya buleza bwa Kristu” (Adam Clarke) — akaano kakweenda atalaa lwizi (Maako 6:45-52) — “Yahushua wakalitondezya Buleza bwakwe” (Adam Clarke) — tatujanwi nokuba asyoonto mumalembe aa Cizuminano Cipya aasumpauzyigwa kuti mbumboni bwakuti Yahushua wakali Yahuwah. Mulumbe wa Johane upa kaambo ncaakali kuulembela: “Eezi [zitondezyo] zyakalembelwa kutegwa inywe musyome kuti Messiah, Mwanaa Yahuwah, ngu Yahushua” (Johane 20:31).
Alimwi Petulo mumulumbe wakwe wa Pentekkositi mu Milimo ya Baapositolo, utondezya kuti izitondezyo amaleele ookwa “Yahushua waku Nazaleta, ooyo wakali mwaalumi ngwaakamutumina inywe Yahuwah, kwiinda munguzu azitondezyo eezyo Yahuwah nzyaakabeleka muli Nguwe liya naakali akati kenu, mbuli mbotuzyi kale” (Milimo 2:22). Mu ŋanda ya Cornelius, walo wakaamba kuti aalya maleele akali citondezyo cakuti Yahuwah wakalaa nguwe: “Saa inywe mulizyi caacitika mu Judiya moonse, obuya Yahushua waku Nazaleta mbwaakatalika ku Galilaya, eelyo Johane naakali kukambauka lubbizyo. Yahuwah...wakamunanika a Muya Uusalala anguzu, alimwi nkaambo Yahuwah wakalaa nguwe, Yahushua wakaunka kayaa kucita zibotu akwaangulula boonse bakali munguzu zya dyabooli” (Milimo 10:37-38). Aaya nga majwi ookwa Petulo kwaambilizya lubbizyo lwa Yahushua (“Yahuwah... wakamunanika a Muya Uusalala...Yahuwah wakali aanguwe”); taciyiisyi lusyomo lwa Baleza Botatwe nokuba kwaamba kuti Yahushua wakatondezyegwa kuti ngu Yahuwah pe.
Eeci cibalo citali ca-WLC cakalembwa aba Clifford Durousseau.
Twakagwisya mucibalo citaanzi mazina aabakomba mituni ngobayita Taata a Mwana, akubikka mucibaka cangawo mazina mataanzi ngubaapedwe. Kuyungizya waawo twakajokolosya mutumpango ntotulembulude mazina aa Taata a Mwana, mbuli mbwaakalembedwe kutaanguna abalembi bamu Bbaibbele bakayoyelwa Moza. Nkamu ya-WLC


text:
Ncintu cikopanya mizeezo alimwi citondezya ncobeni kuti mamanino aanyika asika nkaambo kakuti, mbuli lwiiyo lwa busilisi mboluyaa kusumpuka kuya kumbele, atwalo tuzunda tuleta malwazi tuyaakwiindila kulisandula akwaalilwa misamu kutusilika. Kusilikilwa muzibbadela mumazuba aazya kumbele ciyooba cintu ciyumu nta mbuli bbwe, kapati eelyo bantu baakukasyigwa kuula akuuzya pele buyo kuti bazumina kutambula caando camunyama caando ca munyama.
Ncintu ciyandika kapati kukkala ansi cino ciindi kuti wiiye luzyibo lutaulwi mali, lwiiyo lwa micelo ya cintu cisiya iilaa nguzu akataa zilengwa leza. Yahuwah wakatupa micelo mu zilengwa leza iikonzya kutusilika kufumbwa bulwazi. Umwi akataa micelo eeyo wiinda kubaa nguzu, mucelo uukonzya kujanwa kufumbwa busena atalaa nyika cino ciindi. Ooyo mucelo, ni nsizi.
Kubelesya nsizi mbuli musamu wakusilisya malwazi, kwakatalikde nsiku lini kumyaka ya 1500 BCE mu Ijipita. Ikuti yebo wamvwa muntu kaamba majwi aakuti “micelo ya cintu cisiya” mpoonya yebo wabinda kumunonga kuti “eeci nciyanga cuulisya buyo mafuta aanzoka,” yebo ncoyelede kuzyiba sunu ncakuti, nsizi icibelesyegwa mazubaano abasili mu zibabbadela kusilika misyobo yamalwazi manjaanji aali mumusela 21st uuno!
Cibeela ca mfulumende Ceendelezya Misamu Iikola ku Amelika cikulwaizya kubelesya nsizi iigaidwe kuba lusu. Imbungano iilanga Zyakula Akwendelezya Misamu ku Amelika isumpwide busungu bwa nsizi kuba abusena butaanzi “Kubula Ntenda akubaa Nguzu.”
Alimwi cimwi ciinda kukkomanisya akataa zyoonse eezyo, hena ulizyi? Yebo omwini ulakonzya kulyuulila nokuba kulibambila nsizi yako akwiigaya yaba lusu kuti ube musamu wako!
Milimo minjaanji ya kubelesya nsizi
Kataa misamu iikonzya kujanwa, nsizi ngo musamu uubeleka milimo minji alimwi weelede kuzyibwa abantu boonse bayandide ncobeni kusilika malwazi kubelesya misamu ya zilengwa leza. Insizi ilesya nguzu zyamisamu iikola kujaya. Ilabelesyegwa mukusilika muntu uusoomona, uuciswa mwida (awujisi tuzunda twa E. coli), ulaa bulwazi bwa kunya kalowa, abulwazi bwa kapweepwe naa cholera. Aciindi mpeenya aawo, nsizi ilakonzya kubelesyegwa akubana bavwanda kakwiina ntenda pe. Ibeleka aanguzu ncobeni cakuti ilakonzya akupa kuti muntu aangane mala mwida. Aboobo, kuti yabelesyegwa mumilimo imwi mumubili wako, yebo weelede kulomya kunywa meenda manji eelyo nobelesya nsizi!
Nsizi ilakonzya kusilika da lyako kuti lyafuta. Nkaambo kakuti nsizi yaanga nguzu zya misamu iikola, kanjaanji ilabelesyegwa kugwisya misamu eeyo mu balwazi bakanywide misamu iikola yiimpene.
Nsizi ileelela kusilika misamu iikola nkaambo tiinywidi kuya mumubili wamuntu pe. Pele ilacaalila mumala, kiiyobolola akwaanga kufumbwa cintu cikola, akucigwisyila anze lya mubili.
Ncobeni, nsizi ilaa nguzu kapati cakuti tiiyelede kuligwa mumawoola obile kuzwa noonywa misamu yakucibbadela, nkaambo inga yalesya nguzu zyamisamu eeyo kubeleka. Mu 1831, umwi Mwiyi wazina lya Touery wakatondezya nsizi mbwiilaa nguzu mu Cikolo ca Misamu caba French. Walo wakanywa musamu uukola uujaya ncobeni wiitwa kuti strychnine … pele taakafwa! Maccu nobantu! Hena takuli kubeja ooko, inga omuntu toofwa buti kunywa musamu uujaya? Nee mukwesu, walo wakasanganya nsizi mukati kamusamu uukola ngwaakanywa!
Nsizi ilaa nguzu zyakukwabilila nokuba kuti yabelesyegwa atalaa cikanda. Icesya malwazi aacikanda, isilika zicisa zyakulumwa zyuuka, iswiintila mate aanzoka alaa musamu uujaya anze, ilesya kucisa kuti muntu walumwa kabanze, alimwi ilakonzya kubelesyegwa kusilika zicisa zyakulumwa syiluubilili uujaya ncobeni munyika! Masimpe ooyu ngo musamu uulaa nguzu yebo ngoyelede kuyandisya kwiiya buno buzuba mbuubelesyegwa.
Bwakubelesya nsizi
Nsizi tiikwe ntenda nokuba asyoonto mubulowa bwamuntu pe! Kanjaanji ilawuzyigwa mbuli mapiilisi, pele nzila mbotu yiinda kubaa nguzu njakunywa nsizi kiisanganyidwe mumeenda nokuba mumusinza wamicelo. Nsizi tiilweeli nokuba kulula nokuba kupapa pe, ilatontola sikoo. Kuti yasanganyigwa mu meenda, inga yamvwikaanga museenga amulaka, pele kwiina kulula, kupapa, nokuba kulweela pe.
Kuti yabelesyegwa atalaa cikanda, yebo weelede kubweza buyo muungo omwe wa nsizi iigayidwe kuba lusu: mpoonya wakanda atweenda tusyoonto buyo yaba mbuli ceele, mpoonya akuzilazila acikanda. Kuti koyanda, ulakonzya kusanganya abusu bwacinkwa kutegwa cilemeleme kubaanga nceele. Kuti ceele kacicilaa lweenda, yebo inga wayungizya buyo kusanganya lusu lwa nsizi. Mpoonya nkunanika aawo mpolaa cicisa. Buzuba butobela, yebo kolazyika kapepa katete nokuba kabbeesu atalaa nsizi. Mpoonya yebo kwaanga antoomwe kapepa kajisi nsizi mukapulasitiki, weelede kubona kuti lyoonse nsizi ilaa meenda. Kuti yayuminina, tiicikonzyi kujata mulimo pe. Yebo weelede kusinkilila mumbalaa kapulasitiki kubelesya pulasita nokuba kwaangilila aloozi nokuba kanweba kutegwa kutabi mpiisweka pe.
Nsizi iikandidwe ilakonzya kwaangwa mukalembo, mpoonya akuyobolwa kuyoobelesyegwa aakale.
Mbokonzya kulibambila nsizi omwini
Nsizi ilakonzya kuulwa muzintoolo zya misamu, kubelesya kkompyuta nokuba kulibambila yako omwini. Nokuba boobo, yebo toyelede kubelesya malasya aawulwa muzintoolo nkaambo aayo malasya asanganyidwe aamisamu iitalisya kuyasya mulilo.
Kutegwa ulibambile nsizi, kotobela ntaamu eezyi anselelo aawa:
- Kokutula mulilo anze lya munzi. Mpoonya kobikka mumupika walubulo nkuni zyakayuma nta. Nkuni zya mubanga zilainda kubota, pele azimwi mbuli makwa aamicelo azyalo zilakonzya kubeleka. Kojala mpoto eeyi acisinsyo cilaa kasena kakuzwida busi.
- Kojika mpoto eeyi atalaa mulilo antangalala kwa mawoola otatwe kusikila osanwe. Kunoolibonya busi buunduluka amuya uuzwa mukasena kacisinsyo. Eelyo nokwaleka kulibonya busi nokuba muya, nkokuti nkuni zili mumupika zyamanizya kunyeka, yaba nsizi.
- Eelyo nsizi iili mumupika niyatontola, kunooli muubuzuba butobela waawo, yebo weelede kwiibikka muciyobwedo cisalala. Koisukuluzya ameenda aasalala kutegwa ugwisye twe nokuba tombe linga lyajanwa mukati. Yebo toyandi twe pe.
- Lino kobelesya ncili amunsi, kotwa akugaya nokuba kuziya nsizi eeyo kusikila yazukila akuba lusu.
- Mpoonya lekela nsizi eeyo kuti ikkale muzuba kusikila woonse meenda ayuminina. Cilakonzya kutola mawoola aali 24 eeco. Utaciti ntaamu iitobela kusikila nsizi yako yayuminina nta kubula meenda.
Nsizi iitakwe cisanganyidwe ilakonzya kubelesyegwa atalaa cikanda, kusalazya meenda, nokuba mumilimo iimwi minjaanji. Lino kutegwa ubikke nguzu zinji nziibelesya nsizi mukati kamubili, kweelede kucitwa ntaamu zitobela zyongaye.
- Kobelesya cibeela comwe ca nsizi kuli zyotatwe (1:3) kusanganya antoomwe musamu wa calcium chloride acisela catatu cameenda. Aawa kocenjela. Ooyu musinza ulapya kapati. Yebo weelede kubona kuti ooyu musinza ulakonzya kuvwumbilila nsizi yoonse. Musamu wa (Calcium chloride ulakonzya kuulwa muzintoolo zinjaanji muulwa zibelesyo zyaa munzi. Kuti kotakonzyi kuujana oomo musamu ooyu, yebo ulakonzya kubelesya musinza wa malemani mucibaka ca musamu wa calcium chloride.)
- Lino kobelesya katiba kalubulo lutaligwi nkalaya, konozya-nozya asyoonto-syoonto kusanganya musinza ooyo antoomwe ansizi. Mpoonya catalika kuba ceele, koleka kutila musinza ooyo mu nsizi iigayidwe.
- Lino kovwunika mutiba ooyo, ubikke mpuutazungaani kwa mawoola aali 24. Mpoonya kominununa kufumbwa musinza uuciibaiba kuzwa mumutiba ooyo. Nsizi yeelede kuba ntete, pele kutali kwiindizya waawo.
- Kobikka nsizi ntete eeyo mumupika walubulo. Mpoonya kojika kwa mawoola otatwe kusikila meenda abila. Kwainda mawoola otatwe, eeyo nsizi ilaa nguzu kapati, ililibambide kubelesyegwa.
Nsizi iijisi nguzu ngo musamu uuyandika kapati uukonzya kujanwa. Naba mucete uusama magamba uucetaalide buti munyika yoonse, awalo ulakonzya kulibambila nsizi, eeyo nsizi iikonzya kuvwuna abuumi bwa muntu wiinda bantu boonse buvwubi.
Ono koya ukalivwuntawide makani woonse mukwesu! Talika sunu kwiiya nzila zinjaanji zyakubelesya musamu uulibotela ooyu. Mumazuba aazya kumbele, ooyu ngo musamu uyoovwuna buumi bwako nokuba buumi bwa muyandwa wako.