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Please login or sign up for a free trial to access the full content.37.2.3.3.1 Variation 1: By Reaction of an Ylide Generated by Deprotonation of a Sulfonium Salt
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Aggarwal, V. K.; Crimmin, M.; Riches, S., Science of Synthesis, (2008) 37, 331.
Both sulfonium and sulfoxonium ylides may be generated by deprotonation of the corresponding sulfonium salts. As with the generation of all ylides in this way, it is often the stability of the ylide generated and the sensitivity of these compounds to the conditions used that dictates the base and solvent required. For a full discussion of the factors affecting the choice of base for sulfonium and sulfoxonium salts see Science of Synthesis, Vol. 27 [Heteroatom Analogues of Aldehydes and Ketones (Sections 27.1.2.1.1 and 27.1.3.1.1)].
Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee 88 eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee 88 ee e eeeeee, eee-eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee, eeeeee eeeee, eeeeee eeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee ee eeee ee e eeee eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee. Me eee eeeeee eeee, eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee eeee ee eeeee. Me eeee eeeee, eeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee (−88 °M ee ee). Mee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee e eeee-eeee ee 8–8 eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee.[88] Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee ee e eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee[88,88] ee ee eeeeeeee ee eee eeee ee e eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee.[88,88,88] Me eeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee ee eeee eeee ee ee eeeee eeeeee eeee eee eeeee eeeeee eee eee ee e eeee. Mee eeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeee, eeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee 88, eeeee ee eeee-eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee (Meeeee 88). Mee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee, a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee.[88] Mee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee e eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee, eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee.[88–88] Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee, eeeeeee, eeeeeeee, eee eeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee ee eeeee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeee, eee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeeeee. M eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[88] Meee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee a-eeeeeeee eeeeeee, ee ee eeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meee, 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeee (8.8 eeeee) ee eee eeeee ee eeee. Meeeeee eeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeee eeeeee (8 eeeee) ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee) ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee e eee-eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeeee Meeeeee Meeeeeeeee[88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeeeeee eee e Mee-Meeeee Meeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeee ee Meeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee[88]
Meeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee; eee eeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee. Meeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeee ee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee, e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee-eeeee eeeeeee, ee ee eeeeeee/eeeeeee eeeeeee, eee e eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeee {eee Meeeeee ee Meeeeeeee, Mee. 88 [Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee eee Meeeeee (Meeeeee 88.8.8.8.8.8)]}. Meeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee eee e eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (88, M8 = M8 = Me; M = Me) eee eeeeeee(eeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee [88, M8 = Me; M8 = (MM8)88Me; M = Me] eee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee,[88,88] eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee (88, M8 = M8 = Me; M = M) ee eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee eee eee ee e eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee e eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[88] Meeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, e.e. eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee.[88]
M eee-eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee. Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee e eee-eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88] Meeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeee ee eee eee-eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee, eee eee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee.
Meeeee 88 Mee-Mee Meeeeeeee eee Meeeeeeeeeeeeee Meee Meeeeeeee, Meeeeeeeeeeee eee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee[88]
Mee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee ee ee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeee eee Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Me eeeeeeee, ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee, eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee ee ee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee- eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee.[88] Meee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee e eeeeeeeee, eeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee e eeeee eeeeee ee eeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeee ee. Me eeeeeeee, e eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeee-eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[88]
Mee eee ee e eeeee eeee eee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeee–eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee ee eeee eee ee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee {eee Meeeeee ee Meeeeeeee, Mee. 88 [Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee eee Meeeeee (Meeeeee 88.8.8.8.8.8)] eee Meeeee 88}. Meeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee/eeeee, eeeeeeee eeeee eeee–eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee eeee.[88–88] Meee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee: eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee–eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee, eeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee.[88,88] Mee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee. Me eee eeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeee, ee eeee eeeee eee eeeee eee Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee.[88] Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee Meeeee 88 eeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee–eeeee eeeeeeee.[88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee e Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeeee Meeee–Meeeee Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee[88]
Me eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee ee e eeeeee, eee-eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee e eeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Mee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee ee 88 °M eee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee.[88] Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (88) eee ee eeeeee ee −88 °M eee eeeeeee eeeee.[88] Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee (Meeeee 88). Me eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeee. Mee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee (88–88 °M) eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee e Meeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeeee Meeeeee Meeeeeeeee[88]
Meeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeee, eeeee eee e eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Mee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee eeee a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[88] Meeeeeeee, a-eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee ee eeee e eeeeeeeeee a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee e eeeeeeeeeeee.[88] Meeeeeee ee 8 eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[88]
Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee ee e eeeeee eeee eeee ee eeee-eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Meeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee e eeee-eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee 8 eeeee ee −88 °M.[88] Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee −88 °M (Meeeee 88). Meeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eeee eeeee, e eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee- eee eeeee-eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[88] Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Mee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee[88]
Mee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeee eee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee.[88,88] Meee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee e eeeeeeeeeee eee e eeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee e eeeeee eeee. Mee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eee eeeeeee 88 ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee, eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee eeee eeeee eeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeee- eee eee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88–88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee Meeeee[88–88]
Mee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeee e eeeeeee ee eee- eee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee-eeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88] Mee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee e Meeeeeeee Meeeeeee eeeee Meeeeeee Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee[88]
Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee {eee Meeeeee ee Meeeeeeee, Mee. 88 [Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee eee Meeeeee (Meeeeee 88.8.8.8.888.8.8.8.8)]}.
Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee 88 ee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee–eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88] Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee ee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee e eeee-eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee 8.8 eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee–eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee e eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee, ee eeee, ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee 8-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee e eeee (Meeeee 88). Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (eee eeeee). Me eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee. Mee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[88,88] Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeee (88%). a,B-Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[88,88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee e Meeeeeee[88,88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[88,88]
Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee e eeeeee eee-eeeeeeeeeeee eeee, ee eee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee e eeeeee eeee eeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeee, ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee. Me eee eeee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeee-8-eee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee 88 (Meeeee 88) eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. Me ee eeee eeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee, ee eee eee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee ee e eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee.[88] Meee eeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeee, ee eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeee-eeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeee, eeeeee, ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeee ee e eeeeeee. Me ee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeee; eee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee (–88 ee −88 °M), eee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee- eee, eeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee. Meeeeee eeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee 8-eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee 8,8-eeeeeeee ee a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88]
Meeeee 88 M Meeeeeeeeee Meee Meee eee eee Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeee eee Meeeeeeee
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeee ee 8-eeee-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[88]
Meeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee, eeeeeeee, 8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8M-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee (Meeee’e eeeeeee, 88), eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee (M)-(+)-eeeeeeee,[88] eee eee Meeeeeee eeeeeee 88, eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee (Meeeee 88).[88] Meeeeee 88 eee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeee,[88] eeeeee 88 ee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeee-eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee (eeeeeee >88% ee). Meeeeee 88 eee ee eeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee (eee Meeeeee 88.8.8.8.8); eeeeeee, e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee 88. Meeeeee eeee, eee eeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee (88–88% eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee).
Meeeee 88 Meeeee Meeeeeee Meee eee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee[88]
Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88), ee eeee ee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeee-eeee eee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee,[88–888] eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee,[888,888] eee e eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[888,888] Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeee 88, eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeee, eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee.[888] Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeee 88 ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeee, eeee ee −88 °M, e eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee (88%) ee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee (88 eee ee 8–8 e).[888] Meeeee eeeeeee 88 eee eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee[888]
Mee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee e eeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee eeee 88 eee 88.[88–888] Mee eeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee.[888] Meee, eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee eee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeee eeee Meeeee Meeeeeee[88–888,888,888]
M eeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeeeee 88 (Meeeee 88).[888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee Meeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee e Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeee eeee e Meeeee Meeeeee[888]
e Meeeeeeeee ee eeeeee MMMM.
e Meeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee-eeeeee.
Mee eeeeee eeeeeee 88, e 8M MMM eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee eeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee 88 ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee.[888] Meee eeeeeeeeeeeee, ee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eee-eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeee-eeeeeeee ee-eeee. Mee ee eee (M,M,M)-(+)-eeeeeeeee 88 eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee M,M-eeeee-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88), eee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeee ee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeee Meeee’e Meeeeee[888]
Meeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee 88: (8) eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeee; (8) eee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee 88M eeee eee eeeeee e-eeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeee (e eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee MMM eeeeeee),[888] eee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee; (8) eee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee eee ee-eeee ee eee eeeee eeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88). Mee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee ee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eee eee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeee (eeee eeeeeeeeee/eeeeeeee eeeeee) eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee 88M eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee 88M eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeee.[888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeee ee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeee’e Meeeeee[888,888]
Meeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeee eeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee Y-eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee Y-eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee.
Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee ee eeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee, e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee-eeeee eeeeeee, eeeeee-8-ee, eeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee e eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee. Meeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeee. Meeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee ee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[88] Meeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88, Meeeeee 88.8.8.8), eeeee ee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee. M eeeeee ee M8- eee M8-eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee.[888,888] Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.
Meeee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, ee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[888,888] Me eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee, e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee (Meeeeee 88 eee 88). Me eeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[888] Mee eeee ee eeee eeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeee, eeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeee.[888,888] Mee eeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee eee eee Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee ee eeee eeee eeeee 8 eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeee-eeeee eeeeeee/eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee 88 ee eeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee. Me eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee, eee Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee; eeeeeeeee, ee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee (ee. 8.8 M).[888] Meeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeee eeee 8 eeeee ee e eee eeee eeee eee ee 88–88 eee% ee e eeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee ee eeee, eeeeeee, eeeee eeee eeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeeee Meeeee–Meeeee Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee[888–888]
M eeeeee ee eeeeee M8-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, 88–88, eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (>88% ee).[888,888,888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee Meeee eee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeeee Meeeee–Meeeee Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee[888,888]
Mee eee ee e eeeee eeee, eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee(eeeeee)eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeee–eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee ee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee eeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeee eee eeeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeee eeeee eee ee eeee ee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[888] M eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeee. Meee, eeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeee, ee eeeeeeee, eee e eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeeee eeee e eeeee eeee ee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[888] Meeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee eeee ee eeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeee eeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeeee Meeeee–Meeee Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee[888]
M eeeeee ee M8-eeeeeeeee, eeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeee eee M8-eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Me eeeeeee, eeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeee eeeeeeee, ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[888–888]
Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee 8 eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee/88-eeeee-8, eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee e eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeee, ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee. Mee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeee ee eeeeeee e eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee–eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee,[888] eee eeeee eee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee a-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88). Me eee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[888,888] Me ee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeee eeeee, eee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee 88.8.8.8.8.[888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeeeeee-Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeee[888,888,888]
e Meeeeeee ee e 8.8:8 eeeeeee ee 8M,8M,8M- eee 8M,8M,8M-eeeeeeeeeeeee.
M eeeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeeeee 88 eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee (Meeeee 88). Meee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee 88. Meeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee, ee ee eeee eeeeee e eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeeeeee-Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeee[888]
Meeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee (e.e., 88) eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee e eeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee, e eee-eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeee-8-eee ee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeee (Meeeee 88). Meeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eee eeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeee. Meeee eeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeee- eee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Me eeeeee eeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeee, eee eeeee-eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeee.[888,888] Mee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee. Mee ee eee eeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eee ee ee eeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee, a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeee, eeeeee, eeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeee-Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeee Meeeeeeee eeeee Meeeeee Meeeeeeeee[888]
Meeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee 88 eeee 8,8-M-eeeeeeeeeeeeee-e-eeeeeeeeeeeeee (88) ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee e 88:8 eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee ee 88 (Meeeee 88). Mee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee 88 ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee.[888,888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeee[888,888]
Meeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeeee-eeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee, ee eeee eeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[888] Meeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeee eeeee eeee ee 88 ee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee −88 °M, eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeee, eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee (8M,8M)-eeeee-eeeee eeeeee 88 (Meeeee 88).[888] Mee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee. Meee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee, eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee ee eeee eeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeee eeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee.
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeeee Meeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeee e Meeeee Meeeeeeee Meee[888,888]
M eeeeee ee eeeee-eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee.[888,888] Meeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee MeeeMee. Meee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee. Meee, eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee, eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeee (Meeeee 88).[888]
Meeeee 88 Meeee-Meeee Meeee-Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeee[888]
Meeee (eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee (88) ee ee eee-eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee.[888,888] Mee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Me eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eeeeee ee ee eee Meeeeee eeeeeeee ee a-eeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee (eee Meeeeee 88.8.8.8.8).
Meeee 88 eee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeee–eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeee (Meeeee 88).[888] Mee eeeeeeeee eeee, ee eeee, ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eeeee eee ee eeeeee eee ee ee eee eeeee ee −88 °M eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eeee eeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeee eeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee.[888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeee (Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee[888]
Meeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee eee ee eeee ee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[888] Mee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee 88 eee e eeeeeeee, eee eeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeee) ee eeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee (e.e., Meeeee 88). Mee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee, eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee a,B-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee e 8,8-eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee.[888,888,888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeeee ee e Meeeeeee Meeeeeee eeee Meeee (Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee[888]
Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeee eee ee e eee-eee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee–eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88,888] Meee, eee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee. Mee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeee 88 eeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeee/eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee 88 °M eeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee. Mee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeee eeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee M-888 (e eeeeeee ee B-eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee) eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeee eee eeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeee, eee eeee eeeeeeee, eee eeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeee eeee 88 eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee M-888 eeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee 8888 eee 8888 ee−8, eeeeeeeeeeee (ee 8888 ee−8 eee eeeeeeee 88). Meeee eeeeeee eeeee eeee ee eee eeeeee eeee eee eeeee eee e eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee. Meeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee ee e eeee. Mee eeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee, eeeeeeee eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee eee eeee eeeeeeee.[88,888]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee eeee Meeee-Meeeeeeeee Meeeee eeeee Meeeee–Meeee Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee[88,888]
Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee
Meeeeeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[88]
M eeee ee MeMe (88 eeee) ee eeeeeee (8 eM) eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee Me8MM (88, M8 = M8 = Me; M = M; 88 eeee) ee eee MMM (88 eM) eeeee M8 ee 8 °M. Meeee eeeeeeee eee 8 eee, e eeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee (88 eeee) ee eee MMM (8 eM) eee eeeee. Meeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee 88 eee ee 8 °M eee eeee eee 8 e ee ee. Meeee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee, eee MMM eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee, M8M (88 eM) eee eeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeee M8M eee eeeee (Me8MM8). Meeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee 88 ee eeee eeeee.
Meeeeeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[888]
M eeee ee eee eeeeeee (8.8–8 eeee), eeeeee eeeeee (8 eeee), eeeeeeee (8 eeee), MMMM ee MeM (8 eeee, ee eeeeeeeee), eee MeMM (8 eeee) eeee eeeeeeeee ee e-MeMM/M8M (8:8). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee ee eee eee eeeeeeee eeee. Meeee M8M eee eeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee MM8Me8. Mee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeee (MeMM8), eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeeee eeeee/MM8Me8 8:8) eeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeee.
a,B-Meeee Meeeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[888]
Meeeeeee MMM (8.8 eeee) eee eeeee ee e eeee ee eeeeeeee (8.8 eeee) eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee 88 (8.88 eeee) ee MeMM (8.8 eM) ee −88 °M. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eee 88 e (eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee) ee 88 e (eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee). Meeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee).
References
Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee
- 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88-8, 8888.
- 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88-8, 8888.
- 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88e, 888.

robotstxt: allowed

filter: keep


text:
Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw
Amerika ka kelenyalen Jamanaw (a donnen ni Kelenyalen Jamanaw Inglizi la United States of America walima United States, the US walima USA walima Amerika) ye kurufa Shariyanbaju Fasojamana ye min lakafolen jamana biduuru la ani kurufa Faaba. jamana fanba sigilen Saheli Amerika cema, tumamin a jamana binanani ni shengin minu tugunen nyuwanna ani Washington (Washinton) DC faaba dalen Pasifiki ani Atilantik kogojiw ninyuwance, a be danbo ni Kanada ye Saheli, ni Mɛkisiki worodugu.


text:
Roman cheechi
Roman cheechi nyɛla adiini kura la ni yini, din ʒi ninneesim na ti ti dunia wulinluhili palo nima. Di zuɣulan n-nyɛ Rome Bishop; bɛ ni mi so Pope la. Pope ŋɔ n nyɛ cheechi maa tondana ka lahi su di fukumsi zaa. Bɛ zalikpana zaa zahima sabimi bɛ Nicene Creed kundi la ni. Binshɛŋa din pahi wɔligi Roman “Aleluuya” nyaandoliba ka chɛ be Aleluuya taba n-nyɛ bɛ dihitabili ni Masiah ŋmaligila dunia ka chɛ yɛlikpana ayɔpɔi n-ti o nyaandɔliba; Latin nima laɣimla yɛla ayɔpɔin ŋa bɔli “Seven Holy Sacraments”.


text:
Hɔrɔnya
Ni a fora i ma ko i hɔrɔn, fin ba fora i ma i kɛra mogɔ ba ye. Wa i bɛ nisodiya ka dakan i ni ɔ kankan. Mali la kɛrɛkɛrɛniala Bamananw fɛye hɔrɔnya ye ko bɛ folɔ ye wa ko bɛ labando. Hɔrɔnya tɛ ta halalaya kɔ, a tɛ ta dambɛ tigiya kɔ, kangelɛ tigiya kɛrɛbɛtɛ. Hɔrɔn Cɛ walama Hɔrɔn Muso, bɛ sa a dalakan nɔfɛ, a tɛ galɔ tigɛ abada, a tɛ sɔn ya kɛ, wa saya ka fusa a ma ni malo ye. Kuma la suru yala hɔrɔnya ye mɔgaya ye. Fɔlɔ fɔlɔla a tun bɛ fɔ ko i hɔrɔn ô ya sɔrɔ i ma tana tinyɛ n'ga bi mi ninnu bɛ wɛlɛ hɔrɔn funɛ ka juru tɛ o lula ka da ka hɔrɔn ka kan ka fin fin o bɛ ye u tana ye. Hɔrɔn tun ye fin ba ye n'gan bimɔgɔ ye hɔrɔn ye da de la n'ga jokotɛ. Wa ni an ma kolosi hɔrɔnya bɛ na kɛ an bolo kuma korɔye. U du ye an danbé taagale ye. Fin o fin bilali bɛ sɛ nka danbɛ, an kan ka k'o minɛ ni an bɔlɔ fila ye ani kan jatola kosɛba. Ka bini kunu fɔ bi mɔgɔ tɛ taa.


text:
Dumuni dɔw, fura dɔw ni fɛn wɛrɛw bɛ se ka mɔgɔ dɔw fari bilen ani ka a ŋɛɲɛ walima ka ko wɛrɛ bila u la (aw ye Faritanabanaw yɔrɔ lajɛ, sɛbɛn ɲɛ Faritanabanaw la). Tumuw fana bɛ a kɛ.
Tarani ye kurukuruw walima sumuni finmanw walima bilenmanw ye minnu bɛ funufunu fari la, ŋɛɲɛjugu bɛ minnu na fana. U bɛ bɔyɔrɔ falenfalen fari la.
A gɛlɛya belebeleba dɔw sababu ye furaw ye, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la penisilini, anpisilini (ampicilline) pikiri, tetanɔsi serɔmu, bagakɛlɛserɔmuw ani bolocifura minnu dilannen don ni so farilaji ye.
Yɔrɔw bɛ bilen miniti walima tile dama dɔrɔn pikiri kɛlen kɔfɛ.
Ni mɔgɔ farilajɛdon, fari yɔrɔ dɔw bɛ bilen, i n’a fɔ u bɛ se ka jɛya fana, u bɛ bonya i n’a fɔ dondoli kinda; a ŋɛɲɛ ka bon. Pikiri dɔ kɛlen kɔ, ni fari yɔrɔ dɔ bilenna walima ni a ye nɔ bila fari la, aw bɛ o fura kɛli dabila pewu. O bɛ mɔgɔ kisi faritanabana wɛrɛ ma aw ye sɛbɛn ɲɛ Gɛlɛya minnu bɛ sɔrɔ fura dɔw pikiri fɛ lajɛ).
Sidabanakisɛ bɛ mɔgɔ minnu joli la, olu ka fura tataw bɛ kurukuruniw falen fari la, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la kotirimɔkizazɔli, cotrimoxazole ni newirapini, nevirapine (aw bɛ kunnafonni ɲini dɔgɔtɔrɔsola). Tuma dɔw la, o kurukuruniw bɔli bɛ se ka bali ni fura dɔɔni tali ye, ka to ka dɔɔni dɔɔni fara a tata kan fo ka se a tata hakɛ yɛrɛ ma.
📖 Gafe kɔnɔkow
← Segin kɔfɛ | Taa ɲɛfɛ →


text:
Sahara-cɛla jago
Sahara-cɛla Jago (Trans-saharan trade, commerce trans-saharien) ye julaya ye min tun yiriwalen Afrika Tlebi duguw ni Mediterane duguw cɛ. Jago in tora senna ka daminɛ kɛmɛda sheginnan katabla kɛmɛda tanniwɔrɔna.
Kakɔrɔ, Sahara lamunu tun ni nin bɔlen ɲwan ma kosobɛ. Masurunaya la san 70000 kakon Yesu Krisa ka wati (KYW), Libya ni Aljeri tun ye bagan-genyɔrɔ ye, baa ni saga wɛrɛ ka ca. Dugu baw tun be yen ani bɔgɔdaga-baara tun cɛnsennen. Began donna a shiɲɛ fɔlɔ Cema Sahara la kata san 4000 katabla san 3500 (KYW).


text:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Chawki Abdu sodik Abdul hamid fe.
kalan kelaw: Chawqui Abdu soodick Abdul hamid boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Ibrahim muhamad Al djurmi fe.
kalan kelaw: Ibrahim muhamad Al djurmi
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Mahmud Achaimi fe.
kalan kelaw: Mahmud Acheymi
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Muhamad Rachad Acharif fe.
kalan kelaw: Muhamad Rachad Acharif boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Yusuf bin Abdu Achuwei fe .
kalan kelaw: Yusuf Abdulahi Achuway i boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Hasane muhamad solihu fe .
kalan kelaw: Hasan Muhamad Solih
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman kamil Djabulahi Al fuchani fe.
kalan kelaw: Kamil Djabulahi Al fuchani boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Mahmud Abdul hakem fe.Misira radioso sira fe
kalan kelaw: Mahmud Abdul Hakam
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Azen Muhamad Ahmad fe.
kalan kelaw: Az-zeyn Muhamad Ahmad boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman kalid Abdul kafi fe.
kalan kelaw: Kalid Abdul kafi boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Ahmad ben Muhamad Al hawachi fe.
kalan kelaw: Ahmad Muhamad deh do Al hawachi boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Mustofa Rad Al Azawi fe.
kalan kelaw: Mustopha Rad Al Azawi
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Muhamad suleiman Batul fe.
kalan kelaw: Muhamad Suleyman Batul boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Basil Abdurahim Arrawi fe.
kalan kelaw: Basil Abdourahman Ar-raawi boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Fuad Al kamiri fe .
kalan kelaw: Fuad Al kamiri boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdulahi Abdurahim Al kundri fe.
kalan kelaw: Abulahi Abdurahim AL kandari boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Yahya Ahmad Al houleily fe.
kalan kelaw: yahya Ahmad Al HULEYLI boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Djuzaa Asuweilih fe.
kalan kelaw: Djazaa ben fleyhi AS-suweilihi boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Nabil ben Abdurahim Arrafafi fe.
kalan kelaw: Nabil ben Abdurahim ar-rafai boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Ibrahim Al akdor fe.
kalan kelaw: Ibrahim Al Akhdar boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdurahaman Asudeis
kalan kelaw: Abdrahamane ben Abdel Azize As-sudaise boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Amad zuheir Hafiz fe.
kalan kelaw: Imad Zouhayri Hafi boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdul Muhsin Al kasim fe.
kalan kelaw: Abdul Muhsine Al kasim boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdul Bari Asubeity fe.
kalan kelaw: Abdul baari Alsubaiti
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Solahu Muhamad Al budeyru fe.
kalan kelaw: Salah ben Mohamad Al Budaire boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Muhamad ousmane kann fe.
kalan kelaw: Muhamad Ousman kan boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Aziz Oleily fe.
kalan kelaw: Aziz Oleyly boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Chir zad Abdrahman Tohir
kalan kelaw: Chirzad Abdu Rahmane Tahir boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Ahmad Al hadad fe.
kalan kelaw: Ahmad Al haddadi boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Kalifatu Atuneydji fe
kalan kelaw: khalifa at-tuneidji
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdul hadi Ahmad konakri fe.
kalan kelaw: Abdulhaadi Ahmad Kanakri boyorow:
-
kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdulahi Toha sirbal fe.
kalan kelaw: Abdalah Taha Sarbil boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Mustofam Alahuni.
kalan kelaw: Mustopha Alaa Huni boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Ahmad Al misbaahi fe.
kalan kelaw: Ahmad Al Musbahi boyorow:
-
Madina Haramu curana kalan san 1434h
kalan kelaw: Ahmad Tolib Hamid Huseine Ali cheikh Salah ben Mohamad Al Budaire ABdalah Al baadjan Abdul Muhsine Al kasim Ali ben Abdurrahmane Al huzeifi
-
Makah Haramu kurana kalan San 1434h
kalan kelaw: Bandar ben Abdul Aziz Balila Kalid Ali AL Gaamidi Saud ben Ibrahim achuraim Abdrahamane ben Abdel Azize As-sudaise Abdallah ben Awaad Al Djuhani Mahir ben Hamad Al muaigili
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdurahaman bin Djamal Al awssi fe
kalan kelaw: Abdurahman ben djamal Al awssi
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Muhamad bin suleyman Al muheisine fe, san 1432h
kalan kelaw: Muhamad ben Suleiman Al Muhaisini boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Muhamad sidik al minchawi fe, misira radio so ka sira fe.
kalan kelaw: Muhamad Sidiki Al Minchawi boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan kognuman Muhamad Ayube fe
kalan kelaw: Mohamad Ayub
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Mustafa Ismaile fe
kalan kelaw: Mustafa Ismaile
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Naasir al katoomi fe
kalan kelaw: Nasir ben Ali Al Katami
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Ali Abdrahmane Huzaifi fe.
kalan kelaw: Ali ben Abdurrahmane Al huzeifi
-
Makah Haramu kurana kalan San 1432h
kalan kelaw: Saud ben Ibrahim achuraim Abdrahamane ben Abdel Azize As-sudaise Abdallah ben Awaad Al Djuhani Mahir ben Hamad Al muaigili
-
Madina Haramu kurana kalan San 1431h
kalan kelaw: Huseine Ali cheikh Salah ben Mohamad Al Budaire Abdul Muhsine Al kasim Ali ben Abdurrahmane Al huzeifi
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Muhamad Abdul Karim fe sudan 2007
kalan kelaw: Muhamad Abdul Karim
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdallah Basfar fe
kalan kelaw: Abdallah Ali Basfar
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Muchari Rachide Al Afaasi fe min kela (kalforni)
kalan kelaw: Michari ben Rachid Al Affasi
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdurazak Daylami fe (ni madu munfasil surunyaye)
kalan kelaw: Abdurazak ben abton AL daylami boyorow:
-
Makah Haramu kurana kalan San 1431h
kalan kelaw: Saud ben Ibrahim achuraim Abdrahamane ben Abdel Azize As-sudaise Abdallah ben Awaad Al Djuhani Mahir ben Hamad Al muaigili
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Ahmad Nuayni fe
kalan kelaw: Ahmad Ahmad Nuayni boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdu rachide Sufi fe
kalan kelaw: Abdurachid Sufii boyorow:
-
Kurana kalan ko gnuman Abdurazak Daylami fe
kalan kelaw: Abdurazak ben abton AL daylami boyorow:


text:
1Naadɛ kantɛe nan ya: Kore xa die naxan baba findi Asafi ra: Meselemiya.
2Meselemiya xa die: Sakari nan na di singe ra, Yediyayeli, nan na a firin nde ra, Sebadaya nan na a saxan nde ra,
3Yataniyɛli nan na a naani nde ra, Elama nan na a suuli nde ra, Yehoxanan nan na a senni nde ra, Eliyehowenayi nan na a solofere nde ra.
4Obedo Edon xa die: Semaya, di singe, Yehosabadi di firin nde, Yowa di saxan nde, Sakara di naani nde, Netaneeli, di suuli nde,
5Amiyɛli, di senni nde, Isakari, di solofere nde, Pewuletayi, di solomasaxan nde. Ala nu bara baraka sa Obedo Edon xa fe.
6A xa di singe Semaya naxa di xɛmɛe bari naxee findixi kuntigie ra e xa denbayae xun ma barima e sɛnbɛ nu gbo.
7Semaya xa die: Otini, Refayeli, Obedo, Elesabada, nun e xunyae Elihu nun Semakiya, xɛmɛ gbangbalanyie.
8Yi mixi tongo senni nun firin birin baba nu lanxi Obedo Edon nan ma. E sɛnbɛ nu gbo ki fanyi Ala xa wali kui.
9Meselemiya xa die nun a xunyae findixi mixi fu nun solomasaxan nan na. E sɛnbɛ fan nu gbo.
10Merari xa di Xosa naxa di xɛmɛe bari: Simiri, a baba naxan findi xunyi ra hali di singe to mu nu a ra.
11Xilikiya, a firin nde, Tebaliya, a saxan nde, Sakari, a naani nde. Xosa xa die nun a xunyae nu lanxi mixi fu nun saxan nan ma.
12Yi mixi birin nun e xunyae findixi naadɛ kantɛe nan na Alatala xa banxi kui.
13E nu luma mixi sugandi ra Ala xa mali ra alako e xa a kolon nde lan a xa naadɛ mundun kanta. Denbaya birin, mixi xuri nun mixi xungbe, e birin nu na na kɔnti kui.
14Ala naxa a ragiri sogetede naadɛ xa ilan Selemiya ra. Kɔɔla naadɛ naxa ilan a xa di Sakari ra, naxan findixi lɔnnila ra.
15Yirefanyi naadɛ naxa ilan Obedo Edon na. A xa die fan naxa lan banxi ma see ragatama dɛnnaxɛ.
16Sogegorode naadɛ naxa ilan Supimi nun Xosa ra Alatala xa maragiri saabui ra. E naxa Saaleketi naadɛ fan kanta, naxan nu na kira ma naxan tema. Xundɛ firin nu na mɛnni, e ya rafindixi e boore ma.
17Lewika senni nu na sogetede biri, mixi naani kɔɔla biri, mixi naani yirefanyi biri, mixi naani see ragatama banxi naxan kui, yire firin,
18sogegorode biri, mixi naani nu na kira dɛ ra, mixi firin banxi sode dɛ ra.
19Naadɛ kantɛe nan na ki naxee kelixi Kore nun Merari xa die ya ma.
20Lewikae nan ya naxee nu e ɲɛngi sama naafuli nun se sɛniyɛnxie xɔn ma naxee ragataxi Ala xa hɔrɔmɔbanxi kui.
21Ladana xa di naxee fatanxi Gerison bɔnsɔɛ ra Ladana saabui ra, e xa denbaya xunyie nu lanxi Yexiyeli nan ma.
22Yexiyeli xa die fan, Setama nun a xunya Yoweli, nu e ɲɛngi saxi naafuli xɔn ma naxan nagataxi Alatala xa hɔrɔmɔbanxi kui.
23Amaramakae, Yiseharikae, Xebironkae, nun Yusiyɛlikae
24naxa Gerisomi xa di Sebuweli, Munsa xa mamadi, sugandi a xa mɛɛni naafuli ma,
25e nun a bari boore naxee fatanxi Eliyeseri xabilɛ ra. E findi Eliyeseri xa di Rexabiya nan na, na fan xa di Yɛsaya, na fan xa di Yorami, na fan xa di Sikiri, nun na fan xa di Selomiti.
26Selomiti nun a bari booree nan nu e ɲɛngi sama naafuli nun se sɛniyɛnxie xɔn ma, mangɛ Dawuda naxee radaxa xabilɛ mixi wulu yarerati, mixi kɛmɛ yarerati, nun sɔɔri xunyie nan nee fixi Ala ma.
27E nu bara e harige ba Alatala xa banxi bɛ e naxan sɔtɔ gere kui.
28Selomiti nun a xunyae man nu e ɲɛngi sama naafuli fan xɔn ma, Annabi Samuweli, Kisi xa di Sɔlu, Neri xa di Abeneri, nun Seruya xa di Yowaba naxan fixi Ala ma.
29Kenaniya nun a xunyae, naxee findi Yisehari bɔnsɔɛ ra, nan nu e ɲɛngi saxi kiiti safe xɔn ma Darisalamu fari ma Isirayila.
30Xasabiya nun a xunyae, naxee nu na Xebiron, xɛmɛ gbangbalanyie, e mixi wulu keren kɛmɛ solofere, e nu e ɲɛngi sama Isirayila bɔxi xɔn ma naxan nu na Yurudɛn naakiri ma sogegorode mabiri. E nu e ɲɛngi sama Alatala nun mangɛ xa wali xɔn ma mɛnni biri.
31Yeriya findi Xebiron mangɛ nan na a xabilɛ ki ma. Dawuda xa mangɛya ɲɛ tongo naani nde, mixi ndee naxa taruxuie mato, e fa a kolon xɛmɛ gbangbalanyie na Yaasɛri, Galadi bɔxi ma.
32A ngaxakerenyi gbangbalanyie nu lanxi mixi wulu firin kɛmɛ solofere nan ma, e birin xabilɛ xunyie. Mangɛ Dawuda naxa e findi Ruben, Gadi, nun Manasi bɔnsɔɛ sɛɛti keren xunyie ra.


text:
SOŊAY JÀMANA
(Bamananw Ko kɔrɔbɔrɔjamana)
An tùn y'a Fɔ ko Kànku Musa taalen Gawo, a Seginna ni Gawo fàama denkɛ flà ye ( Ali n'a dɔgɔnin). Kànku Musa Sàra kà fànga To Màgan de ‘bolo ; o dun ye bololatigɛtɔ ye. Ali n'a dɔgɔnin Bòlila sàn 1335 la k'u fàso Sɛgɛrɛ. Ali Sìgira fànga na Gawo, kɔrɔbɔrɔw y'u yὲrɛ Tà kà Bɔ Mànden màra ‘kɔnɔ. Ali n'a bɔnsɔnw ye sàn 150 de Kɛ fànga na. Nkà u bɛ min Kofɔ kosɛbɛ Ali kɔw la, o ye Soni Ali bɛr ye.
Soni Ali Bɛr
Kɔrɔbɔrɔjamana bònya n'a fànga Sɔ̀rɔla Soni Ali Bɛr ka kὲlɛw de la. Jaramaw, Surakaw, Fulaw, Bòzow ni Bamananw, Ali ye nìn bɛɛ Màra. Surakabilenw tùn ye Tumutu Mìnɛ Mànden na. Soni Ali Bɛr ye Tumutu Bɔɔsi Surakaw la. Soni Ali Bɛr ni Jὲnɛkaw ye sàn 7 Kɛ ɲɔgɔn na. A Sera olu fana na. A ye kaadɔw fana Kὲlɛ k'olu Màra. Soni Ali Bɛr Sàra 1492 sàn na. Ali tùn ka farin kojugu. A denkɛ Soni Bakari Sìgira fànga na a sàlen ‘kɔ. Nkà màaw Siranna a denkɛ Bakari kana K'a ɲɔgɔn ye. O de kosɔn, u Labanna kà Soni Bakari Kὲlɛ kà Mùhamɛd Ture Sìgi fànga na, k'a tɔgɔ Da Askiya.
Askiya Mùhamɛd Ture
Mùhamɛd Ture tùn ye Soni Ali Bɛr ka kὲlɛkuntigi dɔ ye. Ale de tùn ye màaw Muruti k'u Fàra a yὲrɛ kan, kà Taa Soni Bakari Kὲlɛ. O Gɛnna kà Bɔ fànga na u fɛ, kà Mùhamɛd Ture Sìgi fànga na. Màaw Ko a ma ko Askiya. Askiya Mùhamɛd tùn ye sìlamɛba ye.
A ye kàlanso caman da Yὲlɛn Tumutu. A teriw tùn ye kàlanbaaw de ye, w'a ma màa si wajibiya kà Tuubi. Sìlamɛ yὲrɛ tùn man ca kà bolisɔnnaw Bɔ. 1495 sàn na, Askiya Taara Makan. A fana ka hiji Kɛra i n'a fɔ Kànku Musa ta. A ye sanu caman Nì Makan jàmana kan. Bònya min ka kan ni Màsakɛw ye, Làrabuw y'o K'a ye. Askiya Mùhamɛd ye dùgukolo Sàn Makan a ka hijikɛlaw ye. Askiya nàlen kà Bɔ hiji, a Dònna Mànden ‘kɔnɔ k'o fàamadenw Mìnɛ kà Taa n'u ye jɔ̀nya na Gawo. (Aw hakili b'a la ko Mansa Musa fana sègintɔ kà Bɔ Makan, o ye kɔrɔbɔrɔfaama denw Mìnɛ kà Taa n'u ye jɔ̀nya na Лàni).
Askiya Mùhamɛd kɛlen cὲkɔrɔba ye, a Fiyenna. A denkɛ Musa y'a Bɔ fànga na. Musa Kɛra Askiya Musa ye. Askiya Mùhamɛd yὲrɛ Sàra 1538 Sàn na.
Mariyan-Madi Susɔkɔ, 1988, Wagadu fo Sudan, Bamakɔ, Editions Jamana, ɲɛ 22-24
Blàdon : 2020-05-31 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2020-07-20


text:
Misirikɔrɔ
Sikaso mara la dugu dɔ bé kilomɛtɛrɛ tan ni saba nɔgɔna ni a tɔgɔ yé ko misirikɔrɔ. Ni dugu ni na kulu dô tu bèyi. Ni kulu tu bɛ mako caman gnein dugula mɔgɔw yé fɔ ka taa sé mɔgɔ wɛrɛw ma. Silama baw tu bé taa kaluwa do yé fɔ tuma jan. A dɔw tu bé sé ka san yèrè kè ni kulu wo ni la. Soman baw fana tu bé taa u ka soniw la ni yôrô kelen ni la, barsa ni yôrô tu tilalen bè so fila la.Silama ka yôrô tu bé san fè,soman ka yôrô tu bè duguma. mɔgɔw tu bé taa u ka dafalen taa yé. Ni tu yé dafalen taa, i bé sé ka fô kulu mé na n'sara i la ni gnina sènè djala n'la ni yé moto kelen sôrô mé na saga, baa, misi, chè walima fen wèrè di i ma kô ségi yé (saraka). A kôw caman tu bé gnein sɔrɔ. Ni kongɔ tu yé i sôrô, i tu bé sé ka dumuni sɔrɔ ka sɔrɔ i ma dɔ mɔgɔ mi na na a bila.
Ni tu yé misi guèna fila dô yé mi yé ni lada ni cein. A misi guèn tô kongô yé a mina ka to ni kulu ni kɛrɛfɛ a yé dumuni ko fô a bé bali mina a yé tasa sigilen yé a falen bɛ dumuni na. A yé dumuni kɛ ka kɔnɔ fa a ma son ka taa ka fɔ a lé ka dumuni tasa tabaga yé. Sɔni sé la muso dô na na dumuni mina taa a yé a djagoya fô a lé ka kuma a fè,ni muso ma son ka kuma a fɛ a taa la (ni muso tu yé jina muso yé). Jina muso ni taalen kɔ fɔnɔ ban bali juna fila kɛ kan o la a ma sé ka kisi a sala. Ka bi ni don kulu ni ladaw bɛ cein na. Dumuni té sɔrɔ yé bilen ka dun. O dé kaman mɔgɔkɔrɔbaw ba fɔ ko ko nyɛnyini ba manyi.


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Kɔ̀lɛnna
Dugu yɔrɔfɔli
Kɔ̀lɛnna marabolo fɔlɔ dugu dɔ ye min bɛ Kita kolomi fɛ ani Fuɲa galoda. A ni Kita cɛ ye bam 14 ni k’a ni Fuɲa ta Kɛ bam 2 ye. Dafɛla bɛ Kɔ̀lɛnna ni kɔrɔn cɛ ni bam 9 ɲɔgɔn ye, a ni tlebin cɛ dugu ye Fuɲa ye, bam 2, Fuɲa bɛrɛda b'a ni worodugu cɛ ni bam 3 ye, min ye kɛɲɛka fɛ la ye, o ye Gumankɔ ye, bam 4. Duguba min bɛ yen ni Kɔ̀lɛnna n'o cɛ ka sùrun, o ye Kita ye.
Dugu tɔgɔko
Kɔ̀lɛnna Tɔgɔ ma Fàlen ka bi a Sìgira. A sìgibaa ye Patɛ Sidibe. Ale de Bɔra Gunmakɔ ka Nà sɛnɛ bolo ma.
Dugu dugutigiya
Kɔ̀lɛnnakaw ka dugutigiko ye laadalata ye min bɛ jamu bɛɛ ka bolo kan. U ka dugutigiya bɛ Nà sugandili-kunda de. Ni dugutigikɔrɔ Faatura, kura de bɛ Sìgi sàn kelen o kɔ. U ka dugutigikɔrɔ dɔw tɔgɔ flɛ: Patɛ Sidibe, Sirima Sidibe, Burama Sidibe, Sori Sidibe, Kɔrɔgɛ Sidibe, Madi Jalo, Madi Jakite, Musa Jakite, Sanba Sidibe. Maa min Bɛ dugu kùnna bì, o ye Musa Sidibe ye.
Dugu in tun bɛ jamanatigi-dugu kɔrɔ, o ye Kita ye.
Dugu bònya
Kɔ̀lɛnna ye kìn 1 ye. A ba sigiyɔrɔ 4nan na. A sigiyɔrɔ kɔrɔw ye Fuɲa Moribugu, Fuɲa bɛrɛda, Kodogoni ani a bɛ yɔrɔ min na bì. Siya minnu bɛ yen, olu ye maninka, bamananw ani fla. Yen jamuw ye Sidibe, Jalo, Jakite, Sangarɛ, Keyt, Kulubali ani Tarawele ye. Sɛnɛkunya b'u bɛɛ ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. Jamu kofota ninnu bɛɛ bɛ ɲɔgɔn Furu. Furu bɛ kin bɛɛ ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ.
Yen kanfɔtaw ye maninkakan, bamanankan ani flakan ye. Nka kan min bɛ Fɔ yen kosɛbɛ, o ye bamanankan ye.
Dugu baarako
Sɛnɛ fanga ka Bòn Kɔ̀lɛnna kosɛbɛ. Ka Fàra o kan baganmara, jàgo ani mɔni bɛ Kɛ yen.
Forosɛnɛ siratigɛ la, u bɛ fɛn minnu Sɛnɛ, olu ye: keninke, sàɲɔ, kàba, màlo, tiga, tiganinkurun, ɲimikala, gajaba, ku, bananku, woso, je, bàra, galama, ʃɔ, zɛrɛ, kuruba (jabere), danan, bɛnɛ, dà, fini, filensun, kɔɔri.
Nakɔsɛnɛ: mangoro, buyagi, manje, bananku, jafarana, jabibi, sebe, lenburuba, lenburukumu, mandiriye, namasa, tamati, nkɔyɔ, jaba, salati, ʃù, nanaye, melɔn, karɔti, pɔpɔrɔn, beterafu.
Jàgo: sὲnefenw, fìnifeere, butigifeere, baganjago.
Baganmara : misi, bà, saga, sonsan, fàli, sò, wùlu, jakuma, bama, koorokaara.
U bɛ kamanmafɛn minnu Mara, olu ye: ʃɛ, kami, tonkɔnɔ, jɛnɛntubanin; bawɔlɔ.
Mɔniko nàsira la, u bɛ laadalamɔni Kɛ. O mɔnikɛyɔrɔw ye Filani-madala, Jijan ani Telenja ye. Mɔnikɛminɛn dɔw ye jɔ, susu ani doolen ye.
Bololabaara minnu bɛ Kɛ Kɔ̀lɛnna olu ye : sigilandla, kalakadla, sansaradla, bɔrɛdla.
O tɛmɛnen kɔ numuyabaaraw bɛ Kɛ dugu in na. Numucɛw bɛ baara minnu Kɛ, olu ye: dabadla, jeledla, jalodla, murudla, zundla, marifa, tama, biɲɛn, kurun, ŋunan. Numumusow ta ye bɔgɔdaga, faka, dun, ɲintin, lɛfɛ dlali ye
Dosonya bɛ yen wa donsow bolo bɛ Dòn ye.
Sɛnɛ de fanga ka bon yen kosɛbɛ.
Dugu fὲɛrɛko
Fɛɛrɛ minnu bɛ Kɔ̀lɛnnakaw bolo kungofɛnw fàgali la olu ye : manabele, ntefere, wɔlɔjuru, wɔlɔgen, bese, waraminɛ-nɛgɛ, nkalaŋɛ, fɛlebɔ, basaminɛ-nɛgɛ, furabulu samani ka wɔlɔ Minɛ a fan kan, dingɛ tigɛli ka wɔlɔfan Bla o kɔnɔ, ʃiladɔn mana dali, buturu, kalanin, marfa.
Sokɔnɔfenw mineni : ncɔlɔ ( ka misiden Dabɔ sin na), jonbori (ka juru ncoma Fili misi ɲe), ka bagan masina Negen ka Don a keyɔrɔ la walima k’a Gen ka Mine.
Dugu yiriwaliko
Kokura nàlenw Kɔ̀lɛnnakaw fɛ yen, olu ye : Лɔsiimansin, jabaranin, kɔɔrisugu, tlebarika-walan, kalalikemansin, moto, pɔnpekɔlɔn, kɔlɔn ŋana, sɛnɛkɛ-mansin, senfɛjuru, latigɛdɔn, jisamamansin.
Baaɲumankɛ-tɔn min ni dugu bɛ baara la bì, o ye nakɔbaara baaɲumakɛ-tɔn ye. Ale Nàna ni nɛgɛjasa ye.
Dugu kàlanko
Lakɔlikalanso 1 de bɛ yen forobaya la min Dabɔra 2003 sàn. Sàn 6kalan don. Dugu ta ye 3 ye ni ka kɛnyɛrɛye k 3 fana ye. Balikukalanso 1 bɛ yen.
Lakɔlikalan fanga de ka bon yen kosɛbɛ.
Dugu batoko
Silamɛya de bɛ Kɔ̀lɛnna. Misiri gansan kelen bɛ yen. Kɛmɔgɔ de Nàna ni diinɛ in ye 1917 sàn.
O kɔ fɛ yen laadalabato ye kɔmɔ ye. O batoyɔrɔ ye kɔmotu ye. Dugu in dasiriw ye Lingɛ ni Jala ye.
Dugu ɲenajeko
Kɔɲɔ, laadalakow, tɔnɲɛnajɛw, seliw, sanyelemaw ani sankunben ye Kɔ̀lɛnnakaw ka ɲɛnajɛlakow ye. U ka o ɲɛnajɛ ninnu fɔlifɛnw ye nkɔnin, flen, gita, bàra ani dunun, bɔlɔn, dan, sinbi, kisa, daro ye. Nka ɲɛnajɛfɛn kɔrɔ dɔw fana bɛ yen i n'a fɔ bɛlɛta, nparibɔ, fɛrɛn, juruden, nten, wali, ʃenta ani kɔlɔci. Kɔ̀lɛnnakaw ka nin ɲɛnajɛ ninnu bɛ Kɛ bàrade la. Nin bee kɔ fe farikoloɲeneje werew be yen i n’a fɔ sennantolatan, sennaboli ani negesoboli.
Dugu kungoko
Kɔ̀lɛnna kungo kɔnɔ, jisigiyɔrɔw, jiriw ani kungofɛnw de bɛ yen.
Kɔ̀lɛnna kɔ ye 1 ye
O kɔ in na, fɛn minnu bɛ Sɔrɔ yen : salen, ntɛbɛnbaman, ntigin, dodo, talaka, nfanan ; bàma, kaana, koorokaara, ntori, wondo.
Jiriw : jala, bànan, sanan, genun, nkaba, dingɛ, gele, npeku, zaban, nsira, bumu, ʃi, nɛrɛ, sebe, toro, balazan, kɔlɔ, ntabakùnba, koro, woo, ntɔngɛ, ntege, zɛrɛninjɛ, nkalama, danga, sunsun, zɛkɛnɛ, zaajɛ, nten, ɲama, ngùna, minkɔn, ntomi, wɔlɔ.
Kungofɛnw : sinɛnnin, bàla, minɛn, nkolonin, warabilen, suruku, miniɲan, dànkalan, ntomisa, nkorogo, duga, kungokami, wɔlɔ, bunun dingon, tentanin, baninkɔnɔ, tonkanjɔ, ntubanin, sɛgɛ.
Yen kungodaw ye Tabiya, Kolenkɔrɔ ani Misala ye ni k'a kùlu Kɛ Tanbala kùruba ye.
Dugu kaburudoko
Kaburudo 6 ye dugu in na. O Sɔrɔla dugu bonya ni yɔrɔw janyali ɲɔgɔn na fɛ. Dɔw bɛ dugu kɔnɔ, dɔw bɛ tlebin fɛ.
Dugu waatiko
Waatiko nàasira la, waati minnu bɛ Kɔ̀lɛnna, olu ye tlema, samiɲɛ ani kawulɛ ye. Yen funteni sannadan ye 35 ye. Nɛnɛ dugumadan ye 15 ye.
Dugu kabakoma-yɔrɔko
Kabakoma-yɔrɔko ye kɔ fɛ ko ye bawo kùnnafoni ma Sɔrɔ o kan fɔlɔ.
Blàdon : 2017-07-25 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2017-08-10


text:
Kwàzana
Dugu yɔrɔfɔli
Kwàzana Ye Baninkɔ dugu dɔ ye min Bɛ Jὲbɛn galoda fɛ Joyla kolomi na. A ni Jὲbɛn kubedugu cɛ jànya ye bam 7 ye ni k'a ni Joyla ta Kɛ bam 115 ye. A Bɛ marabolo min na, o ye Kulukɔrɔ ye, a n'o cɛ bɛ Taa bam 242 la. A Bɛ Mὲɛna kafoda la a ni min cɛ ye bam 10 ɲɔgɔn ye. Dugu laminidugu naani tɔgɔ Flɛ nin ye: kɔrɔn fɛ Sirimabugu ni Jàratubugu Bɛ yen ni bam 5 ye. Dugu ni tlebin 'cɛ, Duguyana de Bɛ yen, bam 5. Dugu kɛɲɛkayanfan fɛ, Woronin Bɛ yen ni bam 2 ye. Dugu min Bɛ dugu ni worodugu 'cɛ o ye Jɔnɔgɔ ye min n'a cɛ Ye bam 3 ye. Kwàzana ni duguba minnu ka Surun ɲɔgɔn na olu Ye Joyla ni Faana ye.
Dugu tɔgɔko
Kwàzanna tu tigɛli bɛ taa sàn 201 ɲɔgɔn na. Kabi dugu in Sìgira a tɔgɔ ye kelen ye. A sìgibaa ye Kwàzan ye min Bɔra Mande ka Nà sὲnɛ siratigɛ la. Fɛn min y'a tɔgɔ sɔrocogo ye, an bɛ Nà dɔɔnin Лɛfɔ o kan. Dugu tɔgɔ Sɔrɔla a sìgibaa tɔgɔ fɛ ko Kwàzan. O tɔgɔ in fɔli de Nàna ni Kwàzanna ye.
Dugu dugutigiya
Laadala-dugutigiko de bɛ Kwàzanna. A bɛ kìn kelen ka bolo kan w'a bɛ jamu kelen ka bolo kan n'o ye Tarawelew ye. Yen, dugutigiya bɛ Nà kɔrɔya-kunda de. Ni dugutigikɔrɔ Faatura, kura de bɛ Sìgi kalo 3 o kɔ fɛ. U ka dugutigikɔrɔ dɔw tɔgɔ flɛ: Kwazan, Nanamacɛ, Sìribacɛ, Kɛɛma, Cɛwari, Dɔcɛ, Baajan, Лankɔrɔ, Baablen, Musa, Yusu. Nin mɔgɔ tɛmɛnen bɛɛ tùn ye Tarawele ye. Màa min bɛ dugu kun na bi, o ye Nuhum Tarawele ye. Dugu in tun bɛ jamanatigi-dugu min ka mara kɔnɔ, o ye Лɔfalenna ye.
Dugu bonya
Kwàzanna mɔgɔ bɛ 1000 Bɔ bi. A sìgikɛnɛ ye bam 1 ye kɛrɛ naani na. Kìn 3 de bɛ yen. Dugu b'a sìgiyɔrɔ flanan na nin ye: Dugutigila ni a sìgilen bɛ yɔrɔ min na sisan.
Dugu siyako
Siya min bɛ Kwàzanna, o ye bamanan ye. Yen jamuw ye: Tarawele, Mariko, Kulubali. Dugu mɔgɔw sinankunw ye Kulubali, Jàra, Togola, Kɔnɛ, Jabaatɛ, Jalo. Furusira bɛ dugu mɔgɔw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ w'a bɛ dugu ni dugu wɛrɛ cɛ. Kan min bɛ Fɔ yen, o ye bamanankan ye.
Dugu baarako
Sɛnɛ ye kwàzannakaw ka baara la kologirin dɔ ye. Ka Fàra o kan baganmara ni jàgo bɛ Kɛ yen.
Forosɛnɛ siratigɛ la, u bɛ fɛn minnu Sɛnɛ, olu ye: keninke, sàɲɔ, kàba, màlo, tiga, tiganinkurun, ɲimikala, gajaba, ku, bananku, woso, je, bàra, galama, ʃɔ, zɛrɛ, kuruba (jabere), danan, bɛnɛ, dà, kɔɔri.
Nakɔsɛnɛ: mangoro, buyagi, manje, bananku, jafarana, jabibi, sebe, lenburuba, lenburukumu, mandiriye, namasa, tamati, nkɔyɔ, jaba, salati, ʃù, nanaye.
Jàgo: sὲnefenw, fìnifeere, butigifeere, baganjago.
Baganmara : misi, bà, saga, sonsan, fàli, sò, wùlu, jakuma.
U bɛ kamanmafɛn minnu Mara, olu ye: ʃɛ, kami, tonkɔnɔ, jɛnɛntubanin.
Bololabaara minnu bɛ Kɛ Kwàzanna olu ye : ŋununda, segereda, ciyan, sigilandla, kalakadla, sansaradla.
O tɛmɛnen kɔ numuyabaaraw bɛ Kɛ dugu in na. Numucɛw bɛ baara minnu Kɛ, olu ye: dabadla, jeledla, jalodla, murudla, zundla.
Dosonya bɛ yen wa donso-bolodon bɛ Kɛ yen.
Nin bɛɛ la, yen baaraw la fanba ye sɛnɛ de ye.
Dugu fὲɛrɛko
Fɛɛrɛ minnu bɛ kwàzannakaw bolo kungofɛnw fàgali la olu ye : manabele, ntefere, wɔlɔjuru, wɔlɔgen, bese, waraminɛ-nɛgɛ, nkalaŋɛ, fɛlebɔ, basaminɛ-nɛgɛ, furabulu samani ka wɔlɔ Minɛ a fan kan, dingɛ tigɛli ka wɔlɔfan Bla o kɔnɔ, ʃiladɔn mana dali, buturu.
Sokɔnɔfenw mineni : ncɔlɔ ( ka misiden Dabɔ sin na), jonbori (ka juru ncoma Fili misi ɲe), ka bagan masina Negen ka Don a keyɔrɔ la walima k’a Gen ka Mine.
Лelakegunyakow : ncankoroda, finisɔgɔ, lokaloka, bɔfle.
Dugu yiriwaliko
Kokura nàlenw dugu in kɔnɔ olu ye : Лɔsiimansin, jabaranin, kɔɔrisugu, tlebarika-walan, kalalikemansin, moto, pɔnpekɔlɔn, kɔlɔn ŋana, sɛnɛkɛ-mansin.
Baaɲumaketɔn min ni dugu Delila ka baara Ke ɲɔgɔn fe o ye ACODEP ye. Ale de Nàna ka jurudon, balikukalanko ani baganbalo ka ma.
Dugu kàlanko
Kàlanko siratigɛ lakɔlikalan Dabɔra Kwàzanna 2004 sàn. Kàlanso fla dòn wa forobata y'u ye. Sàn 9 kalan don .Balikukalanso kelen fana be yen min Dabɔra 1980 sàn. Ka Fàra o kan, blonkɔnɔ-kalanso fla bɛ yen minnu daminɛ ni sisan cɛ ye sàn 80 ye. Kàlan min Donna Kwàzanna fɔlɔ o ye blonkɔnɔ-kalan ye nka bi lakɔlikalan de fanga ka bon kosebe.
Lakɔlikalan sira fe duguden minnu Kera jɔyɔrɔ-tigi ye olu ye :
- Laminini Mariko : Ale sìgiyɔrɔ ye Kucala ye. A ka baara ye pokisiya ye. A ʃi ye 48 ye.
- Umar Tarawele : Ale sigilen be Лɔnɔ. Lakɔlikaramɔgɔ min ʃi ye sàn 32 ye.
- Malik Sagara : Ale be Bamakɔ. A ʃi ye 32 ye. A ka baara ye dɔgɔtɔrɔya ye
Dugumɔgɔw be diine min na, o ye silameya ye. Diine in donbaa ye Idrisa Tarawele ye. A Nàna ni diinɛ in ye ɲina y'a sàn 40 ye. Misiri 2 de bɛ Kwàzanna.
Ka Fàra o kan, laadalabato dɔ bɛ Kɛ ye min ye fara ye. Ale batoyɔrɔ ye faraso ye.
Dugu dasiri ye miniɲan ye.
Dugu ɲenajeko
Kɔɲɔ, laadalakow, tɔnɲɛnajɛw, seliw, sanyelemaw ani sankunben ye kwàzannakaw ka ɲɛnajɛlakow ye. U ka o ɲɛnajɛ ninnu fɔlifɛnw ye nkɔnin, flen, gita, bàra ani dunun ye. Nka ɲɛnajɛfɛn kɔrɔ dɔw fana bɛ yen i n'a fɔ bɛlɛta, nparibɔ, fɛrɛn, juruden, nten, wali, ʃenta ani kɔlɔci. Kwàzannakaw ka nin ɲɛnajɛ ninnu bɛ Kɛ fereba de la. Nin bee kɔ fe farikoloɲeneje werew be yen i n’a fɔ sennantolatan, sennaboli ani negesoboli.
Dugu kungoko
Kwàzanna kungo kɔnɔ, jisigiyɔrɔw ( kɔ,dàla, fàla, jɛ), jiriw ani kungofɛnw de bɛ yen.
Dugu in na, dàla saba, kɔ kelen, fàla 2 ani jɛ 1 de be yen.
Jisigiyɔrɔ ninnun na fɛn minnu bɛ Sɔrɔ yen : salen, ntɛbɛnbaman, ntigin, dodo, talaka, nfanan ; bàma, kaana, koorokaara, ntori, wondo.
Jiriw : jala, bànan, sanan, genun, nkaba, dingɛ, gele, npeku, zaban, nsira, bumu, ʃi, nɛrɛ, sebe, toro, balazan, kɔlɔ, ntabakùnba, koro, woo, ntɔngɛ, ntege, zɛrɛninjɛ, nkalama, danga, sunsun, zɛkɛnɛ, zaajɛ, nten, ɲama, ngùna, minkɔn, ntomi, wɔlɔ.
Kungofɛnw : sinɛnnin, bàla, minɛn, nkolonin, warabilen, suruku, miniɲan, dànkalan, ntomisa, nkorogo, duga, kungokami, wɔlɔ, bunun dingon, tentanin, baninkɔnɔ, tonkanjɔ, ntubanin, sɛgɛ.
Dugu in kungodaw tɔgɔ ye: ciyansorola, jɛnin, nagyew, nkalamatu, lɛkɔnɔ.
Dugu kaburudoko
Kaburudo 4 de bɛ dugu in na. Dugutigiw ta, musokɔnɔmaw ta, denmisɛnninw ta ani jotigiw n'u musow ta. Kaburudo ninnu bɛ dugu ni banin, baba ani tlebin cɛ.
Dugu waatiko
Kwàzanna, tlema mana Bɔ yen, samiɲɛ de bɛ Nà n'o Bɔra yen kawulɛ bɛ Nà. O kɔ fɛ fonɛnɛ bɛ yen.Yen sanji hakɛ samiɲɛ kelen kɔnɔ o ye 500 ye.
Dugu kabakoma-yɔrɔko
Kabakoma-yɔrɔ minnu bɛ Kwàzanna olu ye: jotu, simaladege, burutu, ɲanantu, jotunajatu.
Minnu tɔgɔ bɔlen don fo jamana wɛrɛw mɔgɔw bɛ Nà u Flɛ, olu ye: jotunajatu, dafalenbama.
Blàdon : 2017-05-25 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2017-06-04


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Lieu de livraison : Monde entier
Lieux exclus : Chine, Hong Kong, Macao, Taïwan, Argentine, Bolivie, Pérou, Algérie, Angola, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Bénin, Cameroun, Comores, République du Congo , République démocratique du Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Gabon, Gambie, Ghana, Guinée, Guinée équatoriale, Guinée-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libye, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Maroc, Maurice, Mauritanie, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibie, Niger, Nigeria, Ouganda, Rwanda, République centrafricaine, Réunion, Sahara occidental, Sainte-Hélène, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalie, Swaziland, Sénégal, Tanzanie, Tchad, Togo, Tunisie, Zambie, Zimbabwe, Égypte, Érythrée, Éthiopie, Cap-Vert


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You are using Science Of Synthesis as a Guest.
Please login or sign up for a free trial to access the full content.2.10 Ring-Closing Metathesis
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Lee, D.; Reddy Sabbasani, V., Science of Synthesis: Metal-Catalyzed Cyclization Reactions, (2016) 2, 543.
General Introduction
Ring-closing metathesis (RCM) has emerged as a powerful tool in synthetic organic chemistry for the construction of cyclic compounds ranging from small and medium rings to macrocycles. Compared to other conventional ring-closing reactions, ring-closing metathesis based approaches have significant merits in terms of their catalytic activation of alkene and alkyne substrates with excellent spatial and temporal control. Over the past two decades, a number of ring-closing metathesis strategies along with the development of effective catalysts conferring high E/Z selectivity have evolved. Depending on the types of unsaturated π-systems involved in the ring-closure event, these metathesis processes are categorized into diene, enyne, and diyne ring-closing metathesis (Scheme 1). Whereas diene and diyne metatheses produce products containing the same kind of π-systems present in the starting materials, enyne metathesis generates 1,3-diene products as a consequence of a formal addition between an alkene and an alkyne, instead of an exchange reaction, without loss of any carbon elements.
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Làtigɛdɔn
Fàkan fogo lahala: kà Bɔ fakan.org la Nà fakan.ml la
Kabini fogo fɔlɔ-fɔlɔnin Blàra fogokɛnɛ kan 1990 sàn na Tim Bɛɛnɛɛli fɛ, fogow b'a la kà Poyi kà T'a fɛɛ f'u hakɛ tùn ka surun miliyari kelen na 2015 sàn. Fogo ninnu bɛ jyɛn kan bɛɛ la fo fogolajɛlaw mumɛ jate sɔrɔlen Tɛmɛna mɔgɔ miliyari sàba kan bì. Nka yala fàrafinna kanw 'sèn bɛ nin ko in na a cogo yɛrɛ la wa? N ma D'a la, bari n'i ye bɛnsenjatew Lajɛ, i b'a Ye ko kan minnu bɛ Fɔ Fàrafinna 'kɔnɔ ko jɔyɔrɔba t'olu 'bolo selekenaani ntalensira kan.
Sàn 25 fogoko daminɛnen 'kɔ jyɛn 'kɔnɔ, fogo dɔ y'i Kùnbɔ 2014 sàn na fàrafinna kanba dɔ la ko bamanankan. A fogo sintibaa ye Isiyaka BAALO ye. A hakilina Bɔra ale la k’a ɲɛtigɛli Di fogolabɛnna dɔ ma sàra la. A y’a Dabɔ kùn min kama, o ye bamanankan tɔgɔlafogo sɔrɔli ye fogokɛnɛ kan. Komin ale bɛ sàn damadɔ Bɔ kan in baarali la, a y’a Ye k’a Fɔ 'kùnnafoni tɛ Sɔrɔ bamanankan na fogolan kan i n’a fɔ anglɛkan ninnu ni fransɛkanw kɛlen bɛ kà fogolan Fa cogo min na. Hali ni baara bɛ fakan.ml sintibaa n’a ka jama 'bolo fogo kɔrɔw nɔfɛgɛnni na, fògo ye taamasiɲɛ damadɔ Jira kàban a sìgili ni bì 'cɛ k’a Jira k’a Fɔ ko a ‘nàkun tùn bɛ kà kunpa Bɔ bamanankan sɛbɛnni faamubaa bɛɛ la.
Fàkan fogo Blàra 'sèn kan 2014 sàn kalo 11nan. A Blàra ni fogosira min ye o tùn ye fakan.org ye. Komin o sàn bantɔ tùn dòn kàban, mɔgɔw m'a Lakodɔn kosɛbɛ blen. 2015 sàn selen, fogolajɛlaw Bìnna kà Nà fogo kan dɔɔnin-dɔɔnin. O sàn bɛ Ban waati min na, fàkan fogo fasiriw dayɛlɛnni tùn ‘sènna ka telin. Dayɛlɛnko 118 571 jate Yera an fɛ a kan. O Kɛra taamasiɲɛ ɲɛnama ye k'a Fɔ ko fogo Lajɛra jamakulu hakɛlama dɔ fɛ. Fogo yɛrɛ kanfasiri mumɛ tùn bɛ kɛmɛ ni tan ni 'kɔ la o waati.
Fogo sugu ka ca. Kùnnafoni-cifogow bɛ yen n’olu Dabɔra cikanw cili kama mɔgɔw ni ɲɔgɔn 'cɛ i n’a fɔ bataki.org ɲɔgɔn. Faamuyafogow fana bɛ yen, olu minnu ye ‘fogo ye kùnnafoni ɲɛnamaw bɛ Di faamuya dakunw kan minnu ‘kɔnɔ i n’a fɔ wikipedia.org ɲɔgɔn. Fàkan fogo tɛ kùnnafonici-fogo ye. Fàkan fogo ye faamuya-fogo de ye. O siratigɛ la, dakun minnu b’a 'kɔnɔ o fànba bɛ Bòli dɔnniya kùnnafoniw kan. A fasiriw bɛ dakunba minnu kan olu ye dɔnniya, masalasɛbɛn, kɛnɛya, mankutusɛbɛn, sìgidɔn, kibaru, soɲini ani sὲnɛkɛla ye. Fogo y'a ka sànkelen-kunbɛn Kɛ 2015 Nowanburukalo la nka o ni yɛlɛma dònni a lasɔrɔsira la o Bɛnna. A fogosira Bɔra fakan.org la kà Kɛ fakan.ml ye.
Taamasiɲɛ wɛrɛ min bɛ yen ko fakan.ml Kɛra 'kunpabɔlan ye bamanankan-kalannaw ma o ye u ka fɛladi ye u ka fasiri kàlannenw kan. Fàkan fogo lajɛbaaw dɔw ye baara taabolo Ye kà kàla Turu a la. U y'a Jira ko u mago tùn bɛ kùnnafoni minnu na n'u tùn t’olu Sɔrɔ, ko fàkan Kɛra u ma yeelen ye olu sɔrɔli la. Mɔgɔ minnu ma Kàlan fransɛkan na fo u kàlannen dòn bamanankan na, olu Ko u furadama ta tùn Kɛra tlolamɛn ye fogolanko la. U tùn t'a Dɔn u bɛ na Se kà fogolan nafa Bɔ cogo min na. Fogo ‘lajɛbaa sɛbɛ dɔ fɛla dɔ Flɛ nin ye k'an ka kɔrɔfɔ Sɛmɛntiya. A tìgi y'an ka nɛgɛjuru-sira Лini fogo kan k'a Jija k'an Weele ani kà cikan in Ci an ma kabini 2015 sàn kalo 3nan tle 1lɔ don:
"Karamɔgɔ, n ye i ka baaraw Ye Ɛntɛrinɛti (fogolan) kan. N ye kùnnafoni caman Sɔrɔ. Ne bɛ 'dugawu Kɛ Ala kà ‘ʃì jan ni kɛnɛya Di i ma. Ne ma Deli kà nansarakan Kàlan. N'aw Sera kà fàkan Blà ɛntɛrinɛti kan, o ye anw baliku-kalandenw ka dɔnni ‘sɔrɔsira ye. Amadu Sògo, kà Bɔ Teredugu Timisa kòmini, Tòmiɲan"
An b'a Fɔ fakan.ml fogo lajɛbaaw ye ko nin ye 'ko daminɛnen ye min tɛ na Jɔ. An bɛ na dɔ Fàra an ka kùnnafoniw kan fogo kan kà T'a fɛ. An kàlikan ye ko "kùnnafoni ka Jɛnsɛn fàso kanw na, jamana ka Taa 'ɲɛ".
Ncidɔri Sàbaatɛ bolonɔ dòn
Blàdon : 2016-04-29 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2017-01-04


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Sigida 11 Balo nafama
Dumuni kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye bana dɔw kunbɛnni ni u furakɛli fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw ye. O bana dɔw filɛ.
Jolidɛsɛ bɛ mɔgɔ minɛ ni joli caman bɔra a tigi la walima a tigi joli caman tiɲɛna kojugu fo ka a kɛ ko a fari ma se ka o joli nɔnabila. Basibɔn minnu bɛ sɔrɔ jogindabaw, kɔnɔnajoliw fɛ walima kɔnɔboli, olu bɛ jolidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la. Sumayabana fana bɛ se ka jolidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la barisa sumayabanakisɛ bɛ jolikisɛbilenmanw faga. Ni joliseginfura ma dumuni labɔ, o bɛ jolidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la walima ka a juguya.
Musow ka kalolabɔ ni bangejoli bɛ se ka jolidɛsɛ bila u la ni u tɛ dumuni nafamaw dun u farikolo mako bɛ minnu na. Musokɔnɔmaw fana ka teli ka jolidɛsɛ sɔrɔ barisa olu farikolo ka kan ka joli caman dilan walasa den ka dɔ sɔrɔ o la.
Sogo ni nakɔfɛn kɛnɛw ani joliseginfura man ca dumuni min na, o bɛ se ka jolidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la walima ni jolidɛsɛ bɛ i la ka a juguya.
Jolidɛsɛ bɛ se denmisɛn minɛ ka a sababu kɛ jolisegindumuni dunbaliya ye. Den kalo 6 kɔfɛ ni a bɛ balo sinji dɔrɔn na walima biberɔn dɔrɔn na, o bɛ jolidɛsɛ lase a ma. Jolidɛsɛ sababu minnu ka teli ka ye den na, olu dɔw ye kɔnɔnajoli jugumanba (aw ye gafe ɲɛ Kɔnɔnatumuɲinma lajɛ), kɔnɔboli banbali, ani tɔgɔtɔgɔnin. Den ka bɔgɔdun bɛ jolidɛsɛ kofɔ, wa a bɛ biɲɛ funu. Sumayabana min bɛ jolikisɛbilenw faga, o bɛ jolidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la. Banamisɛnni banbaliw fana bɛ jolidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la (sugunɛsiralabana).
Jolidɛsɛ bɛ muso caman sɛgɛn. Tuma dɔw la o bɛ sɔrɔ jolisegindumuni dunbaliya fɛ min ka kan ka u ka kalolabɔ ni jibaatɔ joliw nɔnabila. Jolidɛsɛ bɛ musokɔnɔma minnu na, a ka teli ka u kɔnɔ tiɲɛ walima ka basibɔn bila u la u jigin tuma wa sumayabana ye faratiba ye u ma tuma bɛɛ.
O de kama a nafa ka bon musow ka jolisegindumuniw dun ka caya, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la kɔnɔmaya waati la. Bangekɔlɔsi (ka san 2 walima 3 don denw cɛ) bɛ a to muso ka fanga sɔrɔ ani ka joli segin a farikolo la (aw ye Sigida 20 Bangekɔlɔsi fɛɛrɛw lajɛ).
Tile tɛ denmisɛn minnu sɔrɔ abada, olu kolow bɛ gɔlɔn. Nin bana bɛ se ka kunbɛn ni nɔnɔ dili ye den ma ani witamini D (o bɛ sɔrɔ jɛgɛbiɲɛ tulu la). O la bana in kunbɛncogo ɲuman ye ka a kɛ cogo bɛɛ la tile ka den fari sɔrɔ don o don miniti 10 ɲɔgɔn. O kelenni kɛli man kan ka gɛlɛya aw bolo, nka aw ka kan ka aw janto tile farinya fana na. Ani fana, aw kana witamini D caman di a ma ka mɛn kojugu barisa fura in bɛ se ka laban ka a bana.
Tansiyɔn yɛlɛlen bɛ se ka na ni bana caman ye, i n’a fɔ dusukunnabanaw, komokililabana ani kirinni.
Mɔgɔ belebelebaw de ka tansiyɔn yɛlɛ ka teli.
Nin degun ninnu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ bana wɛrɛw fana fɛ. O de kama ni a bɛ mɔgɔ min hakili la ko a ka tansiyɔn yɛlɛlen don, o tigi ka kan ka taa kɛnɛyabaarakɛla dɔ fɛ yen walasa ka a ka tansiyɔn ta.
Aw ye aw kɔlɔsi: Tansiyɔn yɛlɛlen daminɛ na, taamasiɲɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen tɛ a la, ni o kɛra, aw ka kan ka fɛɛrɛ kɛ ka a lajigin sani a ka juguya ka se a tiɲɛniyɔrɔ ma. Mɔgɔ minnu ka girin ka a dan tɛmɛ walima a bɛ mɔgɔ minnu ɲɛna ko u ka tansiyɔn yɛlɛlen don, olu ka kan ka to ka u tansiyɔn ta tuma bɛɛ. Walasa aw ka ka tansiyɔn tacogo dɔn, aw bɛ gafe ɲɛ Tansiyɔn tacogo lajɛ.
Bonyako jugu bɛ na ni bana ye. Tulu mana caya farikolo la, o bɛ tansiyɔn yɛlɛn, ka na ni dusukunnabana ye, ka kolotugudaw funu ka dimi kɛ u la ani gɛlɛya wɛrɛw. Bonyako jugu de bɛna ni bana ye walima banaw fana bɛ se ka kɛ bonyako jugu sababu ye.
Ni aw ka dumuniduntaw bɛ ka falen ka taa a fɛ, ani fana ni aw ka dumunidunta kɔrɔ bɛ ka kɛ dumuni bayɛlɛmanenw ye sango “dumuni kuntan dun” olu tulu ka ca ka a sɔrɔ nafa tɛ u la. A ca a la, mɔgɔw bɛ bonya ka se hakɛ la fo min dankari kɛ u ka kɛnɛya la.
Dɔbɔli mɔgɔ bonya la, o ye bana kofɔlen ninnu kɛlɛcogo ɲumanba dɔ ye. A nafa ka bon fana ka dɔ bɔ girinya la sango ni o ye a sɔrɔ bonya bɛka aw bali ka aw ka tilebaaraw kɛ: Mɔgɔ belebelebaw ka kan ka a ɲini ka fasa cogo minnu na olu de filɛ:
Mɔgɔ min ye tile 2 kɛ walima ka tɛmɛ o kan ka a sɔrɔ a ma banakɔtaa sɔrɔ, ni kɔnɔdimi tɛ a la, o tigi bɛ se ka kɔnɔmagayalan ta maɲeziyɔmu bɛ min na. Nka, aw kana aw jogo kɛ kɔnɔmagayalanw tali ye.
Sani aw ka kɔnɔmagayafura ta, ka fisa aw ka ji caman min ani ka jiriden caman dun (i n’a fɔ papayi, nka aw bɛ namasa to yen) ani ka nakɔfɛnw dun (i n’a fɔ gan) ani ka dumuni fumanw dun i n’a fɔ bananku walima suma bumanw. Mɔgɔkɔrɔbaw ka kan ka taamataama walima ka farikoloɲɛna jɛ kɛ walasa u ka banankɔ tuma ni tuma. A ka fisa fana aw ka dɔ bɔ kiniba dun na.
Aw bɛ dumuni kɛ dɔɔni dɔɔni aw ka dumunikɛ waatiw la ani ka a ɲimi kosɛbɛ.
Ni mɔgɔ min ye tile 3 kɛ walima ka tɛmɛ tile 3 kan ka a sɔrɔ a ma banakɔtaa kɛ, dimi gɛlɛn tɛ a kɔnɔ na, o tigi bɛ se ka kɔnɔmagayalan kɔkɔma ta walasa ka banakɔtaa sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ maɲezi nɔnɔ (le lait de magnesie). Nka a tigi man kan ka kɔnɔmagayalan ta tuma bɛɛ.
Aw kana kɔnɔmagayalan di denyɛrɛniw ni denmisɛnw ma. Ni den kɔnɔ jalen don kojugu, aw bɛ tobilikɛtulu don a banakɔtaa yɔrɔ fɛ. Ni aw bɛ se, aw bɛ tulu kɛ aw bolokɔni na ka o don banakɔtaa yɔrɔ fɛ ani ka banakɔtaa jalen kari ka a labɔ dɔɔni dɔɔni.
Aw kana kɔnɔmagayafura farinmanw ta walima kɔnɔkolanw, sango ni aw kɔnɔ bɛ aw dimi.
Sukaro ka ca jabɛtitɔw joli la kojugu. Sukarodunbana bɛ se ka mɔgɔ denmisɛnma minɛ walima a balikulama. A ca a la ni sukarodunbana ye mɔgɔ denmisɛnma minɛ, o ka jugu, wa fana a ka kan ni fura kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye min tɔgɔ ɛnsulini (insuline) walasa ka bana kunbɛn. Nka tiɲɛ don fana ko jabɛtibana ye ka di mɔgɔw la, minnu si tɛmɛna san 40 kan ni u bɛ dumuni kɛ kojugu fo ka u bonya.
Sukarodunbana daminɛtɔ taamasiɲɛw:
Sukarodunbana juguyalen taamasiɲɛw:
Ninnu bɛɛ bɛ se ka kɛ bana wɛrɛw taamasiɲɛ ye. Walasa aw ka a dɔn ko sukarodunbana bɛ mɔgɔ la, aw bɛ a tigi sugunɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛ ka a lajɛ ni sukaro bɛ a la. Sugunɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛcogo dɔ ye ka taa aw yɛrɛ jira dɔgɔtɔrɔso la.
Sugunɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛcogo dɔ wɛrɛ fana ye, ka papiye kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ su sugunɛ na, (i n’a fɔ ye kilinitikisi; Clinistix). Ni papiye in ɲɛ yɛlɛmana dɔrɔn, o bɛ a jira ko sukaro bɛ sugunɛ na.
Ni den don walima denmisɛnnamɔgɔ, aw bɛ kɛnɛyabaarakɛla dɔ wele walima dɔgɔtɔrɔ dɔ min bɛ a ka baara ɲɛ dɔn kosɛbɛ.
Mɔgɔ min si ka ca ni san 40 ye, ni sukarodunbana ye o minɛ, o furakɛcogo ɲuman ye ka i janto i ka dumuni duntaw la ani ka furaw ye ka u to yen. A nafa ka bon sukarodunbanabagatɔw ka a ka dumuni woloma walasa a sijan sɔrɔ.
Mɔgɔ belebelebaw ka kan ka fɛɛrɛ kɛ ka fasa fo ka u girinya bɛrɛ bɛn. Jabɛtitɔw man kan ka sukaro dun walima ka sukaromafɛn dun abada. U ka kan ka farikolojɔli dumuni caman dun (shɛfan, jɛgɛ, shɔ, tiga, sogo olu ni u ɲɔgɔnna wɛrɛw), ani ɲugu ka fara samankisɛdumuni ni dumuni fasamaw dɔɔni kan.
Jiri dɔw ɲɛji i n’a fɔ gɔntɛgɛ, o minni fana bɛ sukarodunbana kɛlɛ. Walasa a jiri kofɔlen ninnu ɲɛji sɔrɔ, aw bɛ a bolo tigɛ tigɛ, ka a cɔngɔn ka a ji bɔ. Aw bɛ sɔrɔ ka o bɔlini ɲɛ kelen ni tila min siɲɛ 3 tile kɔnɔ sani aw ka dumuni kɛ.
Walasa ka wololabana misɛnniw ni a joliw bali, aw tila o tila dumuni na, aw bɛ aw da ko, aw farikolo fana saniyalen ka to tuma bɛɛ, aw bɛ sabaraw don walasa jolimisɛnniw kana bɔ aw senw na. Ni joli tɛ boli ka ɲɛ sen na (jolibolisiraw bɛ fin, senw bɛ girinya), aw bɛ u kɔrɔta fɛn dɔ sanfɛ.
Waleya minnu ɲinina aw fɛ senfasasirafunu furakɛli la, aw bɛ o waleya kelenw labato (gafe ɲɛ Jolisirafunu).
Nsɔnkunan ni furudimi bɛ sɔrɔ dumuni tuluma walima dumuni giriman caman dunni fɛ ani foronto, walima dɔlɔ. O bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sɛgɛji caman ka kɛ fara la o de bɛ nsɔnkunan ni kumujiyɛlɛn bila mɔgɔ la. Mɔgɔ hakili la tuma dɔw la ko o dimi in ye dusukundimi gɛlɛyaw ye ka sɔrɔ nsɔnkunan de don.
Nsɔnkunan banbali kuntaalajan ye furudimi ɲɛbila taamasiɲɛw ye.
Furudimi ye joli basigilen ye furu la, min bɛ sɔrɔ banakisɛw fɛ. Sɛgɛji caman bɛ se ka joli in bali ka suma.
A taamasiɲɛ ye dimi gɛlɛn basigilen ye kɔnɔbara la. Tuma dɔw la a dimi bɛ da ni a tigi ye dumuni kɛ walima ka nɔnɔ min. Waatidɔ a dimi bɛ juguya lɛri 2 walima lɛri saba dumuni kɛlen kɔfɛ ni a tigi ye dɔlɔ min walima ka dumuni tuluma dumuni farinman dun. Tuma dɔw la, a dimi bɛ juguya sufɛ. Ni sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen (andosikopi) ma kɛ, a ka gɛlɛn waati dɔw la ka a dɔn ko dimi gɛlɛn banabali bɛ mɔgɔ min kɔnɔ na, ko o sababu ye furudimi ye.
Ni furudimi jugumanba don, a tigi bɛ se ka fɔɔnɔ, wa joli kɛnɛ walima jolisu bɛ bɔ a fɔɔnɔ na tuma dɔw la. Mɔgɔ minnu ta ka jugu, olu banakɔtaa ɲɛ bɛ kɛ sikɔlɔma walima fiman ye waati dɔw la.
Aw ye aw jan to nin na: dimi tɛ furudimi dɔw la, olu bɛ wele ko furudimi “sumannenw”. A taamasiɲɛ fɔlɔfɔlɔw ye joli bɔli ye fɔɔnɔ na, walima banakɔtaa finnen ka a fasaya. O la aw ka kan ka taa dɔgɔtɔrɔso la, ka a furakɛ teliya la. Ni o tɛ a tigi bɛ se joli caman bɔ min bɛ se ka kɛ a sata ye. Aw ye wuli joona ka kɛnɛya baarakɛla dɔ ka dɛmɛ ɲini.
Ni kɔnɔdimi walima disidimi sababu kɛra nsɔnkunan ye, kumujiyɛlɛn walima furudimi ye, waleya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ yen, minnu bɛ se ka dimi mada walima ka bali ka wuli tuguni.
A fisa ka ka furudimi furakɛ kabini a daminɛ. Ni o tɛ a bɛ se ka basi bɔn jugumanba lase a tigi ma walima ɛrini. Furudimi bɛ juguya ni mɔgɔ tɛ a hakili to a ka dumuni walima a ka jimafɛn minta la. Dusutibaya ni tansiyɔn yɛlɛli bɛ furadimi juguya. A ka fisa mɔgɔ ka to ka a fari bɔ ɲɔgɔn na ani ka a dusu faga. Mɔgɔ ka kan ka janto a yɛrɛ la walasa furudimi segin kɔ.
Janto yɛrɛ la kɔrɔcogo ka ɲi furudimi kunbɛnni na, ni aw tɛ dɔlɔ ni sigarɛti caman min.
Furudimi tun bɛ nin cɛ fila ninnu na
Foolo ye kuru bɔli ye min bɛ sɔrɔ farikolo kanfileni bonyako jugu fɛ.
Foolo caman sababu ye kɔkɔwasa ntanya ye dumuni na. O la ni kɔkɔwasa tɛ musokɔnɔma ka dumuni na, a den ni ni tɛ na walima a bɛ kɛ naloma walima tulogere ye (aw ye sɛbɛn ɲɛ Iyodi (Iode) lajɛ). O bɛ se ka kɛ hali ni o ye a sɔrɔ foolo tɛ denba la.
Foolo ni nalomaya ka ca kuluma yɔrɔw de la ka da a kan, kɔkɔwasa, ji ani balo man ca o dugukolow la. O yɔrɔw la, dumuni dɔw i n’a fɔ bananku, ni i bɛ olu dun, a ka ca a la foolo bɛ se ka bɔ i la.
Foolo ka ca sigida minnu na, o sigida mɔgɔw ka kan ka kɔkɔwasa dun waati bɛɛ. Kɔkɔwasa dunni bɛ foolo caman furakɛ. (Foolo minnu mɛna, walima minnu ka gɛlɛn, olu tɛ se ka furakɛ ni opereli tɛ, nka a ka ca a la, o kun tɛ).
Ni aw tɛ kɔkɔwasa sɔrɔ, aw bɛ se ka aw wasa don a jilama dilannen na. Aw bɛ a toniko kelen kɛ ji wɛri kelen na dɔgɔkun kelen o dɔgɔkun kelen, ka a min.
Aw ye aw janto: Kɔkɔwasa jilama caman dunni ye pɔsɔnni ye. Aw kana tɛmɛ a tɔniko kelen kan tile kɔnɔ. Aw bɛ a bara mabɔ denmisɛnniw na. Nin bɛɛ la kɔkɔwasa de ɲɔgɔn tɛ.
Foolo farafinfurakɛcogo caman bɛ ye nafa tɛ olu la, o la ka fisa aw ka ngaga ni kɔkɔjila dumuniw dun, ka da a kan kɔkɔwasa bɛ olu la. Aw bɛ jilajirimisɛnniw dɔɔni ɲagami dumuni na, olu ni kɔkɔwasa bɛɛ ye kelen ye. Nka a fɛɛrɛ bɛɛ la ɲuman o ye kɔkɔwasa dunni ye.
Ani fana ni aw sigilen don yɔrɔ la foolo ka ca sigida min na, walima ni foolo bɛka ka aw minɛ, aw ye a lajɛ ka bananku ye ka u to yen.
Ni foolotɔ bɛ yɛrɛyɛrɛ, a dusubɔ ka teli, ni a ɲɛw fununen don, o bɛ sɔrɔ foolo suguya wɛrɛ ye (foolo bagama). Aw ka kan ka ladilikan ɲini a dɔnbagaw fɛ.
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Bamanankan
Bamanankan ye Fàrafinna tlebinyanfan kanw na kanba dɔ ye. A bɛ Fɔ Mali n'a laminijamanaw 'kɔnɔ. A weeeletɔgɔw ka ca 'jamana ni jamana. "Bambara" y'a weelecogo min Jara a 'kùn na tubabuw ka sɛbɛnni fɛ.
Bamanankan bɛ kankabila min fɛ o bɛ Weele kandɔnnaw fɛ ko Nizɛr-kɔngo. Josɛf Grinbɛrg ka ɲininiw y'o Jira an na. O cɛ kelen in ka farafinnakanw danfarali ɲininiw 'sèn fɛ fana, o ye tlayɔrɔ wɛrɛw Ye kankabilaw 'kɔnɔ minnu na Mandenkan kankulu ye Nizɛr-kɔngo kankabila kɔnɔ-kankulu dɔ ye. Bamanankan ye Mandenkan kankulu kan dɔ ye min bɛ Fɔ Mali kɔnɔ. O kankulu in kɔnɔkan tɔw ye julakan ye (Burkina Faso ani kɔdiwari), Maninkakan (Mali ani Laginɛ) Mandingo (Ganbi), Mɛnde (Saralɔn), (bulletin ACALAN B°4) ɲuman na.
Bamanakan ye 'kan ye min bɛ 'labɔli Kɛ Mali 'kɔnɔ ka Sago Mali Kan tɔ bɛɛ kan. O y'a Kɛ Mali kanw na mandi ye. Kɛmɛsara la, a mɛnni n'a fɔli kɛbaaw bɛ mɔgɔ 80 Bɔ malidenw na. Bamanankan bɛ Sɛbɛkɔrɔ-fɔ Mali duguba bɛɛ 'kɔnɔ hali ni kan wɛrɛ bɛ o duguba mɔgɔw 'bolo ka Tɛmɛ a kan. Kɛmɛsara tɔ 20 bɛ Tla Mali kan 12 tɔw ni ɲɔgɔn 'cɛ. O fanga min bɛ bamanankan na o ye, o b'a Jira ko malidenw kùnko fànba bɛ Лɛnabɔ a la. Baara caman bɛ yen minnu kɛbaaw bɛ Лɔgɔn-kumaɲɔgɔnya bamanankan na.
Bamanankan Fɔra ka Blà Mandenkanw ka kankulu fɛ kandɔnnaw fɛ. A kankabila ye Nizɛr-Kɔngo ye. Лininikɛla dɔw ka jateminɛ na, a kan in mɛnbaa mumɛ, Mali 'kɔnɔ ani Fàrafinna tlebin-yanfan fɛ, o bɛ T'i Jɔ mɔgɔ miliyɔn mùgan ni duuru la (25 000 000).
Jyɛn kὲlɛ fɔlɔ (1914-1918) ani kὲlɛ flanan 'sèn fɛ (1939-1945), bamanankan Kɛra Fàrafinna tlebinjamanaw ka kan madɔnnen ye Fàrafinna kan tɔw 'tu la.
Bamanankan bɛ Kàlan dakun caman na. Dugumakalanso kàlan fànba bɛ Kɛ a la Mali foroba-kalansow la. A bɛ Kàlan Cɛmakalansow la. Sannakalan bolofara dɔw b'a Kɛ u ka sannakalandenw 'kùn fana. Kùnnafonilasesow fana b'u ka lasew fànba Kɛ a la Mali 'kɔnɔ. Rajo min bɛ Fransi ko RFI o fana bɛ lase dɔ Kɛ ko Mandenkan. Hali n'o tɛ Kɛ bamanankan gɛrɛgɛrɛ la, bamanankan 'nì Bɛ o kumakanw na bari olu ka lase bɛ kankulu de la: mandenkan. Amerikikaw ka rajo min Bɛ yen ko VOA o ka Mali kura lase bɛ Kɛ bamanankan cɛ ɲi na.
Blàdon : 2016-03-04 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2020-02-16


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Sàn
Dugu yɔrɔfɔli
Sàn ye Segu marabolo kolomi dɔ ye. Dugu kɔrɔba dòn min kɛli a damana-marabolo ye o kuma Bɛ 'sèn na. A ni Segu dugu cɛ ye bam 210 ye.
Dugu dugutigiya
Sàn tu tigɛbaa ye tarawelelakaw ye minnu ka kìn ye Karantela ye. Sàn ye 'dugu ye min sìgili ni sisan cɛ sàn hakɛ bɛ Dɔn. O bɛ Dɔn u ka laadalako dɔ laada latlenni ʃyɛn hakɛ fɛ. O laadalako o tɛ dɔ wɛrɛ ye u ka Sànkɛmɔ 'kɔ. Komin sàn o sàn u b'u ka Sànkɛ dalaba mɔni Kɛ, u ka 'fɔ la o mɔni in tàko 615nan Kɛra 2015 sàn ta ye kabini dugu sìgili. O la, an bɛ Se k'a Fɔ ko Sàn ye 'dugu ye min tu Tigɛra 1400 sàn waatiw la. N'i ye minɛ Kɛ o dalilu in ma, i b'a Fɔ ko Sàn dugu ʃì Bɛ sàn 617 na ɲinan 2017 sàn.
Dugu bònya
Sàn ye duguba ye wa dugu belebele dòn kà Fàra o kan. A kɔnɔkin bɛ T'i Jɔ fo kìn 11 na. O kìn 11 ninnu tɔgɔ ye Lafiyabugu, Madina, Kayantona, Farakɔrɔ, Bagadaji, Dalan, Misira, Karantela, Dabanin, Sàntoro ni Hamdalay. A kɔnɔjama fana ka ca. Dugu ye 'bɛnkungo ye.
Dugu siyako
Sàn ka bɛnkungoya b'a To a Kɛra 'siyacaman-dugu ye. A sìgibaga ye Tarawelelakaw ye sa, bamananw, nk'a siyako ye sorobaɲaami ye. A cookoyɔrɔ Bɛnna Bɔbɔw ni bamananw ni flaw ani Miɲankaw bilisayɔrɔ ma ɲɔgɔn na minkɛ, o siya ninnu bɛɛ kolonsolen dòn ɲɔgɔn na a 'kɔnɔ. Kan min bɛ 'ten kan kà Sago kan tɔw kan o ye bamanankan ye n'o tɛ bore ni mamara ni fulfulde ninnu bɛɛ bɛ Fɔ Sàn kɔnɔmɔgɔw fɛ.
Dugu ka kolomiya
Sàn ye kolomi ye kabini waati jan. A Bɛ Segu marabolo 'kɔnɔ. Kafoda wolonfla de B'a 'kɔnɔ minnu ye Tɛnɛn, Si, Jeli, Kinparana, Kasorola, Suruntula kà Fàra Sàn yɛrɛ kan. O kafoda ninnu bɛɛ kùnnasigi, kafodatigiw, ka ɲɛmaa ye Kolomitigi ye min Bɛ Sàn kube la.
Galodako ɲɛbɔlen 'kɔ 1997 sànw na, Sàn kolomi ye galoda hakɛ min Sɔrɔ o Bɛnna galoda 25 ma. O galoda 25 ninnu ye Baramandugu, Daa, Jakurunna, Jeli, Jɛgɛna, Fiyɔn, Kaɲɛgɛ, Karaba, Kasorola, Kanfa, Moribala, Ngwa, Лàmana, Лàso, Ntoroso, Wolon, Sàn, Siyadugu, Sɔ̀mɔ, Suruntuna, Si, Tɛnɛn, Tɛnɛnnin, Turakɔlɔnba ani Waki. Kabini galotigiw sìgili la 1999 sàn, nin galoda kofɔlen ninnu bɛɛ ye galotigi sìgiko 'dama-dama Kɛ sa.
Dugu ka kafodaya
Dugu ka galodaya
Mali ye mara cɛmabɔli fὲɛrɛw tigɛli Dabɔ 1997 waatiw la. Nka o ye dugumisɛnnin-galodaw de ko ye n'o tɛ duguba-galodaw tùn Bɛ Mali 'kɔnɔ kà kɔrɔ. O duguba-galodaw minnu tùn Bɛ Mali 'kɔnɔ kà tɛmɛ, o dɔ ye Sàn galoda ye. Sàn ka duguba-galodaya Dabɔra kabi 1958 sàn na kà Mali To sudanya la. A galotigi fɔlɔ Sìgira galotigiya la 1958, min tɛmɛnen 'kɔ mɔgɔ 17 wɛrɛ bɛɛ Sìgira galoda 'kùn na. Galotigi minnu Tɛmɛna ɲɔgɔn 'kɔ kà Na olu n'u waati kɛlen hakɛ ye:
Biyɛ 1958
Zɛngedu 1959
Omar Bore 1959 10 7 - 1961
Yɔrɔ Jalo 1961 03 08 - 1965
Laminn Watara 1965 01 01 - 1966
Mohamɛd Zubɔy 1966 05 05 - 1968
Babu Joni 1968 02 05 - 1969
Yakuba Tarawele 1969 08 18 - 1970
Babu Joni 1970 11 21 - 1975
Salifu Tarawele 1975 06 03 - ?
ʃɛk Ture 1975 11 12 - 1978
Safunɛ Tarawele 1978 05 06 - 1980
Nuhun Morikɛ Tarawele 1980 01 02 - 1991
Zan Fancɛ Male 1991 07 11 - 1993
Isaka Jalo 1993 05 04 - 1997
Isaka Jalo 1997 07 29 - 1998
Amadu Abdulay kojo 1998 07 16 - ?
Sina Umar Tarawele 2009 05 29 - ?
Dugu hakɛ min Bɛ Sàn galoda 'kɔnɔ o ye dugu 6 ye kà Fàra Sàn yɛrɛ n'a kɔnɔkin 11 kan. A duguw tɔgɔ Flɛ: Bugudara, ʃὲɛnso, Bogosònin, Biɲɛnso, Paridala ani Bὲnɛcɛɲi.
Dugu baarako
Suguba kelen de Bɛ yen Sàn. A sugu jɔdon ye ntɛnɛn ye, Sàn dafɛdugu bɛɛ bɛ Nà sugu in na. Yɔrɔ bɛɛ bɛ Fa sugujɔlaw la. Sàn ni yɔrɔ caman tɛ kelen ye , yen laadalakow bɛ mɔgɔw ‘bolo ‘da la i n’a fɔ yen dàla min bɛ Mɔ sàn o sàn n’o gintan bɛ Weele u fɛ ko Sànkɛmɔ. Sugudonya fɛ, sugudenw bɛ Nà sòwotoro la ka caya, sugujɔlaw ka fèerekɛ-minɛnw bɛɛ bɛ Nà o wotorow la. O yɔrɔ bɛ Nà ni sò sèndonkow kofɔli ye Sàn kow la. Sò ye ‘daaba ye min jɔyɔrɔ ka bòn yenka ka baaraw la. Sànkaw fɛ yen, sὲnɛ bɛ Kɛ ni sò ye, dugutagaw bɛ Kɛ n’a ye ani fɛn caman wɛrɛw.
Ntɛnɛn sɔgɔma fɛ sugudenw nàtɔ, i bɛ sòwotoro caman de Ye ɲɔgɔn nɔ kan. U segintɔ fana b’o cogo kelen na wula fɛ kà Taa ‘so. Fɛn caman bɛ Sɔrɔ Sàn sugu ‘kɔnɔ i n’a fɔ ɲɔ, malo, fini, jɛgɛ…
Sànkaw ka ntalen dɔ bɛ yen ko “Màa de bɛ na an ka dugu, anw tɛ taa màa ka dugu, malo bɛ jɛ la, jɛgɛ bɛ ‘Sànkɛ”. Ne fɛ, o ntalen bɛ dunkàfa Kofɔ Sàn.
Dugu ɲɛnajɛko
Sànkaw ka ɲɛnajɛlakonba dɔ ye u ka Sànkɛ dalaba mɔni ye u bɛ min gintan Weele ko Sànkɛmɔ. A dala in mɔni ye laadalakoba ye Sàn n’a lamini ‘bolo. U b’a mɔko kelen laada Sìgi sàn o sàn samiɲɛdonda fɛ. A bɛ Kɛ gintanko dàn ye. 2017 sàn ta Kɛra o Mɛkalo tle 15 don o min tùn y'a kɛli tàko 617nan kabini Sàn dugu Sìgira. Sàn dafɛduguw bɛɛ bɛ Nà. Yanni a waati ka Se, kɔ̀tigiw bɛ kɔ̀ Datugu.
A tɛ Bɛn mɔgɔ si ka kɔ̀ Mɔ fo kɔ̀ mɔdon ka Se. U b’a Fɔ ko kɔ̀ Dònna tɔn na. Sànkɛmɔ fìni bɛ Bɔ makɔrɔbaw ani demisɛnw kan ma bɛɛ bɛ min Sàn. Mɔgɔw bɛ jɔw Sàn kosɛbɛ. Kɔ̀mɔ don ʃu, mɔgɔw bɛ Taa fòli Kɛ dugu dɔ la Tὲrɛkungo. U mana Bɔ yen, u bɛ Taa Parana u bɛ ʃu Kɛ ɲɛnajɛ la yɔrɔ min. Kɔ̀mɔ don sɔgɔma, dugu bɛ Fa dugumɔgɔw la ani mɔgɔ wɛrɛw la. Mɔgɔw bɛ Kɛ ɲɛnajɛ la fàn bɛɛ. Sànkaden minnu Bɛ Sàn ani dugu wɛrɛw la, u caman bɛ Nà. Mɔgɔw bɛ Taa ɲɛnajɛ Kɛ kɔlɔnba ‘da la. U mana Bɔ yen, u bɛ Taa fòli Kɛ dugutigi fɛ yen n’u bɛ dɛgɛ Min yen.
Dugu kungoko
Sàn kungow 'kɔnɔ, dala dɔ Bɛ yen ko Sànkɛ, min ye yen jisigi-yɔrɔ dɔ ye. A Kɛra dugu ka laadala-jisigi-yɔrɔ ye bì. O Sànkɛ in Bɛ Sàn dugu yɛrɛ sìgili sababuya la yɔrɔ in na yen.
Blàdon : 2016-12-22 Yɛlɛmako laban : 2017-06-09


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1Mixi ndee nu na Isirayila ɲama ya ma, naxee nu a falama e yɛtɛ bɛ, a namiɲɔnmɛe, kɔnɔ wule falɛe nan nu nee ra. Karamɔxɔ wule falɛe fama lude wo fan ya ma, naxee xa xaranyi mixi ralɔɛma. Na kui, na wule falɛe bara e Marigi rabolo, naxan e xunsaraxi. Na fe bara e xun nakana.
2Mixi gbegbe birama nɛ e fɔxɔ ra e xa fe ɲaaxi kui. Ala xa nɔndi maberema nɛ e tan xa fe ra.
3E wo madaxuma wulee ra e xa milanteya xa fe ra, kɔnɔ kiiti dɔxɔxi e ya ra a rakuya. E xa xunnakanɛ mu kanama.
4Malekɛe to yunubi raba, Ala mu diɲɛ e ma de! A naxa e woli yahannama, a yɔlɔnxɔnyie sa e ma na dimi kui beenun kiiti lɔxɔɛ xa a li.
5Ala mu diɲɛ duniɲa ma Annabi Nuha xa waxati, a kaafirie sɔntɔ nɛ banbaranyi ra. Kɔnɔ a naxa Nuha rakisi, naxan nu tinxinyi kawandima, a nun a xa mixi solofere.
6Ala Sodoma nun Gomora ratɔn nɛ, a e birin gan, e xa findi misaali ra mixi kobie bɛ.
7Kɔnɔ a naxa Loti ratanga na gbaloe ma. Loti findixi tinxintɔɛ nan na, naxan bɔɲɛ nu bara raɲaaxu a ma na mixi ɲaaxie xa wali kobie xa fe ra.
8Yi mixi tinxinxi nu sabatixi e tagi, a bɔɲɛ raɲaaxuxi a ma tɛmui birin e xa ɲaaxuɲa xa fe ra.
9Na nan a masenxi, a won Marigi fata mixi fanyi fulunde fe xɔrɔxɔɛ kui, a man fata tinxintaree ragatade han kiiti lɔxɔɛ na fa tɛmui naxɛ.
10A gbengbenyi, a yi rabama mixie nan na naxee biraxi e waxɔnfe ɲaaxi tun fɔxɔ ra, e fa Marigi xa mangɛya matandi. Nee e yɛtɛ igboma. E suusa ariyannakae rasɔtɔde.
11Hali malekɛe, naxee sɛnbɛ gbo e bɛ, nee mu suusa adamadie rasɔtɔde Marigi ya xɔri.
12Na xurutaree luxi alɔ wula sube naxee xaxili mu na, naxee suxuma, e faxa. E konbi tima fee ma, e mu naxee kolon. E xa fe raɲɔnma nɛ alɔ na wula sube naxee xaxili mu na.
13E tinxintareya sare nan sɔtɔma. E ɲɛlɛxinma wanduya rabafe ra yanyi xare ra. E luma nɛ wo xa xulunyie ya ma alɔ nɔxɔɛ na sa se sɛniyɛnxi ma. E ɲɛlɛxinma nɛ wo ratantanfe ra.
14E yɛnɛ rabama tɛmui birin. E mu taganma yunubi rabade. E mixie madaxuma naxee xa danxaniya mu sabatixi. Milanteya na e bɔɲɛ kui. E birin dankaxi.
15E bara kira tinxinxi bɛɲin, e fa bira Beyori xa di Balami xa kira fɔxɔ ra, naxan nu wama wali tinxintare sare xɔn ma.
16Ala naxa a xa yunubi masen a bɛ a xa sofale saabui ra naxan wɔyɛn adamadi xui ra, a fa Annabi Balami xa daxuɲa iti.
17Na mixie luxi nɛ alɔ tigie ye mu na naxee kui. E luxi nɛ alɔ nuxuie, turunnaadɛ naxee tutunma. Dimi nan dɔxɔxi e ya ra.
18E wɔyɛn xungbe nan falama naxan tide yo mu na, e e yɛtɛ igboma, e mixie madaxuma fe sɛniyɛntaree ra, mixi naxee baxi bade yunubitɔɛe ya ma.
19E xɔrɛya laayidi mixie bɛ, kɔnɔ e yɛtɛ kan findixi duniɲa xa konyie ra, barima e mu nɔma e yɛtɛ bade e waxɔnfe ɲaaxie yi ra naxee fama e xun nakanade. Mixi naxan birin luma a waxɔnfe ɲaaxi xa nɔɛ bun ma, a bara findi a waxɔnfe ɲaaxi xa konyi ra.
20Xa mixi bara ba duniɲa fe kobie ya ma Ala xa Mixi Sugandixi Isa kolonfe saabui ra, won Nakisima nun won Marigi, e man gbilen na fee ma, han nee man nɔ e ra, awa e xa tɔɔrɛ dangima a singe ra.
21E lufe e mu tinxinyi kira kolon, na fisa e bɛ, dinɛ e xa na kira kolon, e fa e kobe so sɛriyɛ sɛniyɛnxi ra, naxan nu bara fi e ma.
22Yi taali e xa fe masenma a fanyi ra: «Bare bara a xa bɔxunyi don. Xɔsɛ maxaxi, a man bara a yɛtɛ manɔxɔ.»